adamziel/port-libs

Pandoc PHP port conversion showcase

Real public documents and upstream fixtures are converted to PHP HTML and WordPress block markup, compared with Haskell Pandoc where that reader exists, and checked against format-native external references where Pandoc has no reader. The stress samples are intentionally messy enough to expose timeouts, memory limits, package complexity, and block coverage.

40covered input formats
109source files
298/327successful conversions
2026-07-20generated

biblatex

2 samples

BibLaTeX-style bibliography

459 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at test/command/biblio.bib

@Book{item1,
author="John Doe",
title="First Book",
year="2005",
address="Cambridge",
publisher="Cambridge University Press"
}

@Article{item2,
author="John Doe",
title="Article",
year="2006",
journal="Journal of Generic Studies",
volume="6",
pages="33-34"
}

@InCollection{пункт3,
author="John Doe and Jenny Roe",
title="Why Water Is Wet",
booktitle="Third Book",
editor="Sam Smith",
publisher="Oxford University Press",
address="Oxford",
year="2007"
}

Download original file

Read through the local BibLaTeX-compatible bibliography path.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Doe 2005</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Doe, John. First Book. Cambridge University Press, 2005.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Doe 2006</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Doe, John. Article. Journal of Generic Studies. Vol. 6. 2006. 33-34.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Doe and Roe 2007</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Doe, John; Roe, Jenny. Why Water Is Wet. Third Book. Oxford University Press, 2007.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><dl>
<dt>Doe 2005</dt>
<dd>
<p>Doe, John. First Book. Cambridge University Press, 2005.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Doe 2006</dt>
<dd>
<p>Doe, John. Article. Journal of Generic Studies. Vol. 6. 2006. 33-34.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Doe and Roe 2007</dt>
<dd>
<p>Doe, John; Roe, Jenny. Why Water Is Wet. Third Book. Oxford University Press, 2007.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc Citeproc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent"
role="list">
<div id="ref-item1" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Doe, John. 2005. <em>First Book</em>. Cambridge University Press.
</div>
<div id="ref-item2" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Doe, John. 2006. <span>“Article.”</span> <em>Journal of Generic
Studies</em> 6: 33–34.
</div>
<div id="ref-пункт3" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Doe, John, and Jenny Roe. 2007. <span>“Why Water Is Wet.”</span> In
<em>Third Book</em>, edited by Sam Smith. Oxford University Press.
</div>
</div>
</body></html>
Bibliography reader parses BibLaTeX-oriented entries, aliases, xdata/crossref metadata, source-file diagnostics, and custom fields into CSL item metadata. Full Pandoc BibLaTeX reader parity remains open.

Online entry sample

124 bytes | Inline public bibliographic entry assembled from real WordPress project metadata.

@online{wp,
  author = {WordPress Contributors},
  title = {WordPress},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://wordpress.org/}
}

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Contributors 2026</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Contributors, WordPress. WordPress. 2026. https://wordpress.org/.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><dl>
<dt>Contributors 2026</dt>
<dd>
<p>Contributors, WordPress. WordPress. 2026. https://wordpress.org/.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc Citeproc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent"
role="list">
<div id="ref-wp" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Contributors, WordPress. 2026. <span>“WordPress.”</span> <a
href="https://wordpress.org/">https://wordpress.org/</a>.
</div>
</div>
</body></html>
Bibliography reader parses BibLaTeX-oriented entries, aliases, xdata/crossref metadata, source-file diagnostics, and custom fields into CSL item metadata. Full Pandoc BibLaTeX reader parity remains open.

bibtex

2 samples

Pandoc bibliography fixture

459 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at test/command/biblio.bib

@Book{item1,
author="John Doe",
title="First Book",
year="2005",
address="Cambridge",
publisher="Cambridge University Press"
}

@Article{item2,
author="John Doe",
title="Article",
year="2006",
journal="Journal of Generic Studies",
volume="6",
pages="33-34"
}

@InCollection{пункт3,
author="John Doe and Jenny Roe",
title="Why Water Is Wet",
booktitle="Third Book",
editor="Sam Smith",
publisher="Oxford University Press",
address="Oxford",
year="2007"
}

Download original file

BibTeX entries used by Pandoc command tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Doe 2005</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Doe, John. First Book. Cambridge University Press, 2005.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Doe 2006</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Doe, John. Article. Journal of Generic Studies. Vol. 6. 2006. 33-34.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Doe and Roe 2007</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Doe, John; Roe, Jenny. Why Water Is Wet. Third Book. Oxford University Press, 2007.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><dl>
<dt>Doe 2005</dt>
<dd>
<p>Doe, John. First Book. Cambridge University Press, 2005.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Doe 2006</dt>
<dd>
<p>Doe, John. Article. Journal of Generic Studies. Vol. 6. 2006. 33-34.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Doe and Roe 2007</dt>
<dd>
<p>Doe, John; Roe, Jenny. Why Water Is Wet. Third Book. Oxford University Press, 2007.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc Citeproc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent"
role="list">
<div id="ref-item1" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Doe, John. 2005. <em>First Book</em>. Cambridge University Press.
</div>
<div id="ref-item2" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Doe, John. 2006. <span>“Article.”</span> <em>Journal of Generic
Studies</em> 6: 33–34.
</div>
<div id="ref-пункт3" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Doe, John, and Jenny Roe. 2007. <span>“Why Water Is Wet.”</span> In
<em>Third Book</em>, edited by Sam Smith. Oxford University Press.
</div>
</div>
</body></html>
Bibliography reader parses BibTeX entries into CSL item metadata and renders a shared AST bibliography definition list. Full Pandoc BibTeX reader parity remains open.

Averroes bibliography fixture

4123 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at test/command/averroes.bib

@string{anch-ie = {Angew.~Chem. Int.~Ed.}}
@string{cup     = {Cambridge University Press}}
@string{dtv     = {Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag}}
@string{hup     = {Harvard University Press}}
@string{jams    = {J.~Amer. Math. Soc.}}
@string{jchph   = {J.~Chem. Phys.}}
@string{jomch   = {J.~Organomet. Chem.}}
@string{pup     = {Princeton University Press}}

@book{averroes/bland,
  author       = {Averroes},
  title        = {The Epistle on the Possibility of Conjunction with the Active
                  Intellect by {Ibn Rushd} with the Commentary of {Moses Narboni}},
  date         = 1982,
  editor       = {Bland, Kalman P.},
  translator   = {Bland, Kalman P.},
  series       = {Moreshet: Studies in {Jewish} History, Literature and Thought},
  number       = 7,
  publisher    = {Jewish Theological Seminary of America},
  location     = {New York},
  keywords     = {primary},
  langid       = {english},
  langidopts   = {variant=american},
  indextitle   = {Epistle on the Possibility of Conjunction, The},
  shorttitle   = {Possibility of Conjunction},
  annotation   = {A \texttt{book} entry with a \texttt{series} and a
                  \texttt{number}. Note the concatenation of the \texttt{editor}
                  and \texttt{translator} fields as well as the
                  \texttt{indextitle} field},
}

@book{averroes/hannes,
  author       = {Averroes},
  title        = {Des Averro{\"e}s Abhandlung: \mkbibquote{{\"U}ber die
                  M{\"o}glichkeit der Conjunktion} oder \mkbibquote{{\"U}ber den
                  materiellen Intellekt}},
  date         = 1892,
  editor       = {Hannes, Ludwig},
  translator   = {Hannes, Ludwig},
  annotator    = {Hannes, Ludwig},
  publisher    = {C.~A. Kaemmerer},
  location     = {Halle an der Saale},
  keywords     = {primary},
  langid       = {german},
  sorttitle    = {Uber die Moglichkeit der Conjunktion},
  indexsorttitle= {Uber die Moglichkeit der Conjunktion},
  indextitle   = {{\"U}ber die M{\"o}glichkeit der Conjunktion},
  shorttitle   = {{\"U}ber die M{\"o}glichkeit der Conjunktion},
  annotation   = {An annotated edition. Note the concatenation of the
                  \texttt{editor}, \texttt{translator}, and \texttt{annotator}
                  fields. Also note the \texttt{shorttitle},
                  \texttt{indextitle}, \texttt{sorttitle}, and
                  \texttt{indexsorttitle} fields},
}

@book{averroes/hercz,
  author       = {Averroes},
  title        = {Drei Abhandlungen {\"u}ber die Conjunction des separaten
                  Intellects mit dem Menschen},
  date         = 1869,
  editor       = {Hercz, J.},
  translator   = {Hercz, J.},
  publisher    = {S.~Hermann},
  location     = {Berlin},
  keywords     = {primary},
  langid       = {german},
  indexsorttitle= {Drei Abhandlungen uber die Conjunction},
  indextitle   = {Drei Abhandlungen {\"u}ber die Conjunction},
  subtitle     = {Von Averroes (Vater und Sohn), aus dem Arabischen
                  {\"u}bersetzt von Samuel Ibn Tibbon},
  shorttitle   = {Drei Abhandlungen},
  annotation   = {A \texttt{book} entry. Note the concatenation of the
                  \texttt{editor} and \texttt{translator} fields as well as the
                  \texttt{indextitle} and \texttt{indexsorttitle} fields},
}

@book{cicero,
  author       = {Cicero, Marcus Tullius},
  title        = {De natura deorum. {\"U}ber das Wesen der G{\"o}tter},
  date         = 1995,
...

Download original file

A smaller BibTeX sample with humanistic bibliography data.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Averroes 1982</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Averroes. The Epistle on the Possibility of Conjunction with the Active Intellect by Ibn Rushd with the Commentary of Moses Narboni. Series: Moreshet: Studies in Jewish History, Literature and Thought. Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1982. Index title: Epistle on the Possibility of Conjunction, The. Index sort title: Epistle on the Possibility of Conjunction, The. Annotation: A book entry with a series and a number. Note the concatenation of the editor and translator fields as well as the indextitle field. BibLaTeX language options: variant=american. Keywords: primary. Translated by Bland, Kalman P.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Averroes 1892</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Averroes. Des Averroës Abhandlung: Über die Möglichkeit der Conjunktion oder Über den materiellen Intellekt. C. A. Kaemmerer, 1892. Index title: Über die Möglichkeit der Conjunktion. Index sort title: Uber die Moglichkeit der Conjunktion. Annotation: An annotated edition. Note the concatenation of the editor, translator, and annotator fields. Also note the shorttitle, indextitle, sorttitle, and indexsorttitle fields. Keywords: primary. Translated by Hannes, Ludwig. Annotated by Hannes, Ludwig.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Averroes 1869</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Averroes. Drei Abhandlungen über die Conjunction des separaten Intellects mit dem Menschen: Von Averroes (Vater und Sohn), aus dem Arabischen übersetzt von Samuel Ibn Tibbon. S. Hermann, 1869. Index title: Drei Abhandlungen über die Conjunction. Index sort title: Drei Abhandlungen uber die Conjunction. Annotation: A book entry. Note the concatenation of the editor and translator fields as well as the indextitle and indexsorttitle fields. Keywords: primary. Translated by Hercz, J.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Cicero 1995</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Cicero, Marcus Tullius. De natura deorum. Über das Wesen der Götter. Reclam, 1995. Index title: De natura deorum. Index sort title: De natura deorum. Annotation: A bilingual edition of Cicero&#039;s De natura deorum, with a German translation. Note the format of the language field in the database file, the concatenation of the editor and translator fields, and the afterword field. Translated by Blank-Sangmeister, Ursula. Afterword by Thraede, Klaus.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><dl>
<dt>Averroes 1982</dt>
<dd>
<p>Averroes. The Epistle on the Possibility of Conjunction with the Active Intellect by Ibn Rushd with the Commentary of Moses Narboni. Series: Moreshet: Studies in Jewish History, Literature and Thought. Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1982. Index title: Epistle on the Possibility of Conjunction, The. Index sort title: Epistle on the Possibility of Conjunction, The. Annotation: A book entry with a series and a number. Note the concatenation of the editor and translator fields as well as the indextitle field. BibLaTeX language options: variant=american. Keywords: primary. Translated by Bland, Kalman P.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Averroes 1892</dt>
<dd>
<p>Averroes. Des Averroës Abhandlung: Über die Möglichkeit der Conjunktion oder Über den materiellen Intellekt. C. A. Kaemmerer, 1892. Index title: Über die Möglichkeit der Conjunktion. Index sort title: Uber die Moglichkeit der Conjunktion. Annotation: An annotated edition. Note the concatenation of the editor, translator, and annotator fields. Also note the shorttitle, indextitle, sorttitle, and indexsorttitle fields. Keywords: primary. Translated by Hannes, Ludwig. Annotated by Hannes, Ludwig.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Averroes 1869</dt>
<dd>
<p>Averroes. Drei Abhandlungen über die Conjunction des separaten Intellects mit dem Menschen: Von Averroes (Vater und Sohn), aus dem Arabischen übersetzt von Samuel Ibn Tibbon. S. Hermann, 1869. Index title: Drei Abhandlungen über die Conjunction. Index sort title: Drei Abhandlungen uber die Conjunction. Annotation: A book entry. Note the concatenation of the editor and translator fields as well as the indextitle and indexsorttitle fields. Keywords: primary. Translated by Hercz, J.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Cicero 1995</dt>
<dd>
<p>Cicero, Marcus Tullius. De natura deorum. Über das Wesen der Götter. Reclam, 1995. Index title: De natura deorum. Index sort title: De natura deorum. Annotation: A bilingual edition of Cicero&#039;s De natura deorum, with a German translation. Note the format of the language field in the database file, the concatenation of the editor and translator fields, and the afterword field. Translated by Blank-Sangmeister, Ursula. Afterword by Thraede, Klaus.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc Citeproc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent"
role="list">
<div id="ref-averroes/hercz" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Averroes. 1869. <em>Drei Abhandlungen <span>ü</span>ber die Conjunction
des separaten Intellects mit dem Menschen: Von Averroes (Vater und
Sohn), aus dem Arabischen <span>ü</span>bersetzt von Samuel Ibn
Tibbon</em>. Edited and translated by J. Hercz. S. Hermann.
</div>
<div id="ref-averroes/hannes" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Averroes. 1892. <em>Des Averro<span>ë</span>s Abhandlung:
<span><span>“<span>Ü</span>ber die M<span>ö</span>glichkeit der
Conjunktion”</span></span> oder <span><span>“<span>Ü</span>ber den
materiellen Intellekt”</span></span></em>. Edited and translated by
Ludwig Hannes. C. A. Kaemmerer.
</div>
<div id="ref-averroes/bland" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Averroes. 1982. <em>The Epistle on the Possibility of Conjunction with
the Active Intellect by <span>Ibn Rushd</span> with the Commentary of
<span>Moses Narboni</span></em>. Edited and translated by Kalman P.
Bland. Moreshet: Studies in <span>Jewish</span> History, Literature and
Thought 7. Jewish Theological Seminary of America.
</div>
<div id="ref-cicero" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Cicero, Marcus Tullius. 1995. <em>De natura deorum. <span>Ü</span>ber
das Wesen der G<span>ö</span>tter</em>. Edited and translated by Ursula
Blank-Sangmeister. Reclam.
</div>
</div>
</body></html>
Bibliography reader parses BibTeX entries into CSL item metadata and renders a shared AST bibliography definition list. Full Pandoc BibTeX reader parity remains open.

bits

2 samples

BITS book fragment

408 bytes | Inline BITS/JATS-family XML modeled on NISO BITS book structure.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<book xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="2.0">
  <book-meta>
    <book-title-group><book-title>BITS book fragment</book-title></book-title-group>
  </book-meta>
  <book-body>
    <book-part>
      <body>
        <sec><title>Chapter section</title><p>BITS is a JATS-family book format.</p></sec>
      </body>
    </book-part>
  </book-body>
</book>

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Chapter section</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BITS is a JATS-family book format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2>Chapter section</h2>
<p>BITS is a JATS-family book format.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2>Chapter section</h2>
<p>BITS is a JATS-family book format.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded XML-family reader maps BITS/JATS book roots, titles, abstracts, body sections, lists, links, and tables into the shared AST with existing JATS/BITS diagnostic packets. Full Pandoc BITS parity remains open.

BITS section fragment

286 bytes | Inline BITS XML fragment.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<book><book-meta><book-title-group><book-title>Second BITS fragment</book-title></book-title-group></book-meta><book-body><book-part><body><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A second compact BITS sample.</p></sec></body></book-part></book-body></book>

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Methods</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A second compact BITS sample.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2>Methods</h2>
<p>A second compact BITS sample.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2>Methods</h2>
<p>A second compact BITS sample.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded XML-family reader maps BITS/JATS book roots, titles, abstracts, body sections, lists, links, and tables into the shared AST with existing JATS/BITS diagnostic packets. Full Pandoc BITS parity remains open.

commonmark

1 sample

commonmark.js README

13783 bytes | commonmark/commonmark.js project README

commonmark.js
=============

[![Build Status](https://github.com/commonmark/commonmark.js/workflows/CI%20tests/badge.svg)](https://github.com/commonmark/commonmark.js/actions)
[![NPM version](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/commonmark.svg?style=flat)](https://www.npmjs.org/package/commonmark)


CommonMark is a rationalized version of Markdown syntax,
with a [spec][the spec] and BSD-licensed reference
implementations in C and JavaScript.

  [the spec]: http://spec.commonmark.org

For more information, see <http://commonmark.org>.

This repository contains the JavaScript reference implementation.
It provides a library with functions for parsing CommonMark
documents to an abstract syntax tree (AST), manipulating the AST,
and rendering the document to HTML or to an XML representation of the
AST.

To play with this library without installing it, see
the live dingus at <http://try.commonmark.org/>.

Installing
----------

You can install the library using `npm`:

    npm install commonmark

This package includes the commonmark library and a
command-line executable, `commonmark`.

For client-side use, you can use one of the single-file
distributions provided in the `dist/` subdirectory
of the node installation (`node_modules/commonmark/dist/`).
Use either `commonmark.js` (readable source) or
`commonmark.min.js` (minimized source).

Alternatively, `bower install commonmark` will install
the needed distribution files in
`bower_components/commonmark/dist`.

You can also use the version hosted by unpkg: for example,
<https://unpkg.com/commonmark@0.29.3/dist/commonmark.js>
for the unminimized version 0.29.3.


Building
--------

Make sure to fetch dependencies with:

    npm install

To run tests for the JavaScript library:

    npm test

(Running the tests will also rebuild distribution files in
`dist/`.)

To run benchmarks against some other JavaScript converters:

    make bench

To start an interactive dingus that you can use to try out
the library:

    make dingus

Usage
-----

Instead of converting Markdown directly to HTML, as most converters
do, `commonmark.js` parses Markdown to an AST (abstract syntax tree),
and then renders this AST as HTML.  This opens up the possibility of
manipulating the AST between parsing and rendering.  For example, one
could transform emphasis into ALL CAPS.
...

Download original file

Real CommonMark project README with headings, lists, reference links, raw autolinks, code fences, API examples, and nested blockquote examples.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>commonmark.js</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://github.com/commonmark/commonmark.js/actions"><img src="https://github.com/commonmark/commonmark.js/workflows/CI%20tests/badge.svg" alt="Build Status"/></a>
<a href="https://www.npmjs.org/package/commonmark"><img src="https://img.shields.io/npm/v/commonmark.svg?style=flat" alt="NPM version"/></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CommonMark is a rationalized version of Markdown syntax,
with a <a href="http://spec.commonmark.org">spec</a> and BSD-licensed reference
implementations in C and JavaScript.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For more information, see <a href="http://commonmark.org">http://commonmark.org</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This repository contains the JavaScript reference implementation.
It provides a library with functions for parsing CommonMark
documents to an abstract syntax tree (AST), manipulating the AST,
and rendering the document to HTML or to an XML representation of the
AST.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To play with this library without installing it, see
the live dingus at <a href="http://try.commonmark.org/">http://try.commonmark.org/</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Installing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can install the library using <code>npm</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>npm install commonmark</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This package includes the commonmark library and a
command-line executable, <code>commonmark</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For client-side use, you can use one of the single-file
distributions provided in the <code>dist/</code> subdirectory
of the node installation (<code>node_modules/commonmark/dist/</code>).
Use either <code>commonmark.js</code> (readable source) or
<code>commonmark.min.js</code> (minimized source).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alternatively, <code>bower install commonmark</code> will install
the needed distribution files in
<code>bower_components/commonmark/dist</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can also use the version hosted by unpkg: for example,
<a href="https://unpkg.com/commonmark@0.29.3/dist/commonmark.js">https://unpkg.com/commonmark@0.29.3/dist/commonmark.js</a>
for the unminimized version 0.29.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Building</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Make sure to fetch dependencies with:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>npm install</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To run tests for the JavaScript library:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>npm test</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(Running the tests will also rebuild distribution files in
<code>dist/</code>.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To run benchmarks against some other JavaScript converters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>make bench</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To start an interactive dingus that you can use to try out
the library:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>make dingus</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Usage</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of converting Markdown directly to HTML, as most converters
do, <code>commonmark.js</code> parses Markdown to an AST (abstract syntax tree),
and then renders this AST as HTML.  This opens up the possibility of
manipulating the AST between parsing and rendering.  For example, one
could transform emphasis into ALL CAPS.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a basic usage example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"javascript"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">var reader = new commonmark.Parser();
var writer = new commonmark.HtmlRenderer();
var parsed = reader.parse(&quot;Hello *world*&quot;); // parsed is a &#039;Node&#039; tree
// transform parsed if you like...
var result = writer.render(parsed); // result is a String</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The constructors for <code>Parser</code> and <code>HtmlRenderer</code> take an optional
<code>options</code> parameter:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"javascript"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">var reader = new commonmark.Parser({smart: true});
var writer = new commonmark.HtmlRenderer({sourcepos: true});</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>Parser</code> currently supports the following:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>smart</code>:  if <code>true</code>, straight quotes will be made curly, <code>--</code> will be changed to an en dash, <code>---</code> will be changed to an em dash, and <code>...</code> will be changed to ellipses.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Both <code>HtmlRenderer</code> and <code>XmlRenderer</code> (see below) support these options:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>sourcepos</code>:  if <code>true</code>, source position information for block-level elements will be rendered in the <code>data-sourcepos</code> attribute (for HTML) or the <code>sourcepos</code> attribute (for XML).</li><li><code>safe</code>: if <code>true</code>, raw HTML will not be passed through to HTML output (it will be replaced by comments), and potentially unsafe URLs in links and images (those beginning with <code>javascript:</code>, <code>vbscript:</code>, <code>file:</code>, and with a few exceptions <code>data:</code>) will be replaced with empty strings.</li><li><code>softbreak</code>: specify raw string to be used for a softbreak.</li><li><code>esc</code>: specify a function to be used to escape strings.  Its argument is the string.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, to make soft breaks render as hard breaks in HTML:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"javascript"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">var writer = new commonmark.HtmlRenderer({softbreak: &quot;&lt;br /&gt;&quot;});</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To make them render as spaces:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"javascript"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">var writer = new commonmark.HtmlRenderer({softbreak: &quot; &quot;});</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>XmlRenderer</code> serves as an alternative to <code>HtmlRenderer</code> and
will produce an XML representation of the AST:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"javascript"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">var writer = new commonmark.XmlRenderer({sourcepos: true});</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The parser returns a Node.  The following public properties are defined
(those marked &quot;read-only&quot; have only a getter, not a setter):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>type</code> (read-only):  a String, one of <code>text</code>, <code>softbreak</code>, <code>linebreak</code>, <code>emph</code>, <code>strong</code>, <code>html_inline</code>, <code>link</code>, <code>image</code>, <code>code</code>, <code>document</code>, <code>paragraph</code>, <code>block_quote</code>, <code>item</code>, <code>list</code>, <code>heading</code>, <code>code_block</code>, <code>html_block</code>, <code>thematic_break</code>.</li><li><code>firstChild</code> (read-only):  a Node or null.</li><li><code>lastChild</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li><li><code>next</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li><li><code>prev</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li><li><code>parent</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li><li><code>sourcepos</code> (read-only): an Array with the following form: <code>[[startline, startcolumn], [endline, endcolumn]]</code>.</li><li><code>isContainer</code> (read-only): <code>true</code> if the Node can contain other Nodes as children.</li><li><code>literal</code>: the literal String content of the node or null.</li><li><code>destination</code>: link or image destination (String) or null.</li><li><code>title</code>: link or image title (String) or null.</li><li><code>info</code>: fenced code block info string (String) or null.</li><li><code>level</code>: heading level (Number).</li><li><code>listType</code>: a String, either <code>bullet</code> or <code>ordered</code>.</li><li><code>listTight</code>: <code>true</code> if list is tight.</li><li><code>listStart</code>: a Number, the starting number of an ordered list.</li><li><code>listDelimiter</code>: a String, either <code>)</code> or <code>.</code> for an ordered list.</li><li><code>onEnter</code>, <code>onExit</code>: Strings, used only for <code>custom_block</code> or <code>custom_inline</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nodes have the following public methods:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>appendChild(child)</code>:  Append a Node <code>child</code> to the end of the Node&#039;s children.</li><li><code>prependChild(child)</code>:  Prepend a Node <code>child</code> to the beginning of the Node&#039;s children.</li><li><code>unlink()</code>:  Remove the Node from the tree, severing its links with siblings and parents, and closing up gaps as needed.</li><li><code>insertAfter(sibling)</code>: Insert a Node <code>sibling</code> after the Node.</li><li><code>insertBefore(sibling)</code>: Insert a Node <code>sibling</code> before the Node.</li><li><code>walker()</code>: Returns a NodeWalker that can be used to iterate through the Node tree rooted in the Node.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The NodeWalker returned by <code>walker()</code> has two methods:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>next()</code>: Returns an object with properties <code>entering</code> (a boolean, which is <code>true</code> when we enter a Node from a parent or sibling, and <code>false</code> when we reenter it from a child).  Returns <code>null</code> when we have finished walking the tree.</li><li><code>resumeAt(node, entering)</code>: Resets the iterator to resume at the specified node and setting for <code>entering</code>.  (Normally this isn&#039;t needed unless you do destructive updates to the Node tree.)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is an example of the use of a NodeWalker to iterate through
the tree, making transformations.  This simple example converts
the contents of all <code>text</code> nodes to ALL CAPS:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"javascript"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">var walker = parsed.walker();
var event, node;

while ((event = walker.next())) {
  node = event.node;
  if (event.entering &amp;&amp; node.type === &#039;text&#039;) {
    node.literal = node.literal.toUpperCase();
  }
}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This more complex example converts emphasis to ALL CAPS:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"javascript"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">var walker = parsed.walker();
var event, node;
var inEmph = false;

while ((event = walker.next())) {
  node = event.node;
  if (node.type === &#039;emph&#039;) {
    if (event.entering) {
      inEmph = true;
    } else {
      inEmph = false;
      // add Emph node&#039;s children as siblings
      while (node.firstChild) {
        node.insertBefore(node.firstChild);
      }
      // remove the empty Emph node
      node.unlink()
    }
  } else if (inEmph &amp;&amp; node.type === &#039;text&#039;) {
      node.literal = node.literal.toUpperCase();
  }
}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Exercises for the reader:  write a transform to</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>De-linkify a document, transforming links to regular text.</li><li>Remove all raw HTML (<code>html_inline</code> and <code>html_block</code> nodes).</li><li>Run fenced code blocks marked with a language name through a syntax highlighting library, replacing them with an <code>HtmlBlock</code> containing the highlighted code.</li><li>Print warnings to the console for images without image descriptions or titles.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Command line</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The command line executable parses CommonMark input from the
specified files, or from stdin if no files are specified, and
renders the result to stdout as HTML.  If multiple input files
are specified, their contents are concatenated before parsing,
with newlines between them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>commonmark inputfile.md &gt; outputfile.html
commonmark intro.md chapter1.md chapter2.md &gt; book.html</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use <code>commonmark --help</code> to get a summary of options.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>A note on security</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The library does not attempt to sanitize link attributes or
raw HTML.  If you use this library in applications that accept
untrusted user input, you should either enable the <code>safe</code> option
(see above) or run the output through an HTML sanitizer to protect against
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting">XSS attacks</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Performance</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Performance is excellent, roughly on par with <code>marked</code>.  On a benchmark
converting an 11 MB Markdown file built by concatenating the Markdown
sources of all localizations of the first edition of
<a href="https://github.com/progit/progit/tree/master/en"><em>Pro Git</em></a> by Scott
Chacon, the command-line tool, <code>commonmark</code> is just a bit slower than
the C program <code>discount</code>, roughly ten times faster than PHP Markdown,
a hundred times faster than Python Markdown, and more than
a thousand times faster than <code>Markdown.pl</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here are some focused benchmarks of four JavaScript libraries
(using versions available on 24 Jan 2015).  They test performance
on different kinds of Markdown texts.  (Most of these samples
are taken from the
<a href="https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it">markdown-it</a>
repository.)  Results show a ratio of ops/second (higher is better)
against showdown (which is usually the slowest implementation).
Versions: showdown 1.3.0, marked 0.3.5, commonmark.js 0.22.1,
markdown-it 5.0.2, node 5.3.0.  Hardware: 1.6GHz Intel Core i5, Mac OSX.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>| Sample                   |showdown  |commonmark|marked    |markdown-it|
|--------------------------|---------:|---------:|---------:|----------:|
|<a href="bench/samples/README.md">README.md</a>               |         1|       3.6|       3.1|        3.9|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-bq-flat.md">block-bq-flat.md</a>        |         1|       4.8|       4.9|        4.9|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-bq-nested.md">block-bq-nested.md</a>      |         1|      11.9|       6.8|       10.7|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-code.md">block-code.md</a>           |         1|       4.7|      12.1|       23.0|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-fences.md">block-fences.md</a>         |         1|       6.2|      21.2|       19.1|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-heading.md">block-heading.md</a>        |         1|       5.0|       4.8|        6.5|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-hr.md">block-hr.md</a>             |         1|       3.5|       3.3|        3.5|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-html.md">block-html.md</a>           |         1|       2.1|       0.9|        3.8|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-lheading.md">block-lheading.md</a>       |         1|       5.1|       4.9|        3.9|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-list-flat.md">block-list-flat.md</a>      |         1|       4.7|       4.4|        7.4|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-list-nested.md">block-list-nested.md</a>    |         1|       9.5|       7.8|       17.6|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-ref-flat.md">block-ref-flat.md</a>       |         1|       0.8|       0.5|        0.6|
|<a href="bench/samples/block-ref-nested.md">block-ref-nested.md</a>     |         1|       0.7|       0.6|        0.9|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-autolink.md">inline-autolink.md</a>      |         1|       2.3|       3.4|        2.5|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-backticks.md">inline-backticks.md</a>     |         1|       7.6|       5.3|        8.2|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-em-flat.md">inline-em-flat.md</a>       |         1|       1.5|       1.1|        1.6|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-em-nested.md">inline-em-nested.md</a>     |         1|       1.8|       1.3|        1.7|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-em-worst.md">inline-em-worst.md</a>      |         1|       2.4|       1.5|        2.5|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-entity.md">inline-entity.md</a>        |         1|       2.0|       3.8|        2.7|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-escape.md">inline-escape.md</a>        |         1|       2.2|       1.4|        5.0|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-html.md">inline-html.md</a>          |         1|       2.9|       3.7|        3.3|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-links-flat.md">inline-links-flat.md</a>    |         1|       2.7|       2.7|        2.2|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-links-nested.md">inline-links-nested.md</a>  |         1|       1.4|       0.5|        0.5|
|<a href="bench/samples/inline-newlines.md">inline-newlines.md</a>      |         1|       2.3|       2.0|        3.5|
|<a href="bench/samples/lorem1.md">lorem1.md</a>               |         1|       6.0|       2.9|        3.3|
|<a href="bench/samples/rawtabs.md">rawtabs.md</a>              |         1|       4.6|       3.9|        6.7|</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To generate this table:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>make bench-detailed</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Authors</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John MacFarlane wrote the first version of the JavaScript
implementation.  The block parsing algorithm was worked out together
with David Greenspan.  Kārlis Gaņģis helped work out a better parsing
algorithm for links and emphasis, eliminating several worst-case
performance issues.  Vitaly Puzrin has offered much good advice
about optimization and other issues.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>commonmark.js</h1>
<p><a href="https://github.com/commonmark/commonmark.js/actions"><img src="https://github.com/commonmark/commonmark.js/workflows/CI%20tests/badge.svg" alt="Build Status" /></a> <a href="https://www.npmjs.org/package/commonmark"><img src="https://img.shields.io/npm/v/commonmark.svg?style=flat" alt="NPM version" /></a></p>
<p>CommonMark is a rationalized version of Markdown syntax, with a <a href="http://spec.commonmark.org">spec</a> and BSD-licensed reference implementations in C and JavaScript.</p>
<p>For more information, see <a href="http://commonmark.org" class="uri">http://commonmark.org</a>.</p>
<p>This repository contains the JavaScript reference implementation. It provides a library with functions for parsing CommonMark documents to an abstract syntax tree (AST), manipulating the AST, and rendering the document to HTML or to an XML representation of the AST.</p>
<p>To play with this library without installing it, see the live dingus at <a href="http://try.commonmark.org/" class="uri">http://try.commonmark.org/</a>.</p>
<h2>Installing</h2>
<p>You can install the library using <code>npm</code>:</p>
<pre><code>npm install commonmark</code></pre>
<p>This package includes the commonmark library and a command-line executable, <code>commonmark</code>.</p>
<p>For client-side use, you can use one of the single-file distributions provided in the <code>dist/</code> subdirectory of the node installation (<code>node_modules/commonmark/dist/</code>). Use either <code>commonmark.js</code> (readable source) or <code>commonmark.min.js</code> (minimized source).</p>
<p>Alternatively, <code>bower install commonmark</code> will install the needed distribution files in <code>bower_components/commonmark/dist</code>.</p>
<p>You can also use the version hosted by unpkg: for example, <a href="https://unpkg.com/commonmark@0.29.3/dist/commonmark.js" class="uri">https://unpkg.com/commonmark@0.29.3/dist/commonmark.js</a> for the unminimized version 0.29.3.</p>
<h2>Building</h2>
<p>Make sure to fetch dependencies with:</p>
<pre><code>npm install</code></pre>
<p>To run tests for the JavaScript library:</p>
<pre><code>npm test</code></pre>
<p>(Running the tests will also rebuild distribution files in <code>dist/</code>.)</p>
<p>To run benchmarks against some other JavaScript converters:</p>
<pre><code>make bench</code></pre>
<p>To start an interactive dingus that you can use to try out the library:</p>
<pre><code>make dingus</code></pre>
<h2>Usage</h2>
<p>Instead of converting Markdown directly to HTML, as most converters do, <code>commonmark.js</code> parses Markdown to an AST (abstract syntax tree), and then renders this AST as HTML.  This opens up the possibility of manipulating the AST between parsing and rendering.  For example, one could transform emphasis into ALL CAPS.</p>
<p>Here&#039;s a basic usage example:</p>
<pre class="js"><code>var reader = new commonmark.Parser();
var writer = new commonmark.HtmlRenderer();
var parsed = reader.parse(&quot;Hello *world*&quot;); // parsed is a &#039;Node&#039; tree
// transform parsed if you like...
var result = writer.render(parsed); // result is a String</code></pre>
<p>The constructors for <code>Parser</code> and <code>HtmlRenderer</code> take an optional <code>options</code> parameter:</p>
<pre class="js"><code>var reader = new commonmark.Parser({smart: true});
var writer = new commonmark.HtmlRenderer({sourcepos: true});</code></pre>
<p><code>Parser</code> currently supports the following:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>smart</code>:  if <code>true</code>, straight quotes will be made curly, <code>--</code> will be changed to an en dash, <code>---</code> will be changed to an em dash, and <code>...</code> will be changed to ellipses.</li>
</ul>
<p>Both <code>HtmlRenderer</code> and <code>XmlRenderer</code> (see below) support these options:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>sourcepos</code>:  if <code>true</code>, source position information for block-level elements will be rendered in the <code>data-sourcepos</code> attribute (for HTML) or the <code>sourcepos</code> attribute (for XML).</li>
<li><code>safe</code>: if <code>true</code>, raw HTML will not be passed through to HTML output (it will be replaced by comments), and potentially unsafe URLs in links and images (those beginning with <code>javascript:</code>, <code>vbscript:</code>, <code>file:</code>, and with a few exceptions <code>data:</code>) will be replaced with empty strings.</li>
<li><code>softbreak</code>: specify raw string to be used for a softbreak.</li>
<li><code>esc</code>: specify a function to be used to escape strings.  Its argument is the string.</li>
</ul>
<p>For example, to make soft breaks render as hard breaks in HTML:</p>
<pre class="js"><code>var writer = new commonmark.HtmlRenderer({softbreak: &quot;&lt;br /&gt;&quot;});</code></pre>
<p>To make them render as spaces:</p>
<pre class="js"><code>var writer = new commonmark.HtmlRenderer({softbreak: &quot; &quot;});</code></pre>
<p><code>XmlRenderer</code> serves as an alternative to <code>HtmlRenderer</code> and will produce an XML representation of the AST:</p>
<pre class="js"><code>var writer = new commonmark.XmlRenderer({sourcepos: true});</code></pre>
<p>The parser returns a Node.  The following public properties are defined (those marked &quot;read-only&quot; have only a getter, not a setter):</p>
<ul>
<li><code>type</code> (read-only):  a String, one of <code>text</code>, <code>softbreak</code>, <code>linebreak</code>, <code>emph</code>, <code>strong</code>, <code>html_inline</code>, <code>link</code>, <code>image</code>, <code>code</code>, <code>document</code>, <code>paragraph</code>, <code>block_quote</code>, <code>item</code>, <code>list</code>, <code>heading</code>, <code>code_block</code>, <code>html_block</code>, <code>thematic_break</code>.</li>
<li><code>firstChild</code> (read-only):  a Node or null.</li>
<li><code>lastChild</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li>
<li><code>next</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li>
<li><code>prev</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li>
<li><code>parent</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li>
<li><code>sourcepos</code> (read-only): an Array with the following form: <code>[[startline, startcolumn], [endline, endcolumn]]</code>.</li>
<li><code>isContainer</code> (read-only): <code>true</code> if the Node can contain other Nodes as children.</li>
<li><code>literal</code>: the literal String content of the node or null.</li>
<li><code>destination</code>: link or image destination (String) or null.</li>
<li><code>title</code>: link or image title (String) or null.</li>
<li><code>info</code>: fenced code block info string (String) or null.</li>
<li><code>level</code>: heading level (Number).</li>
<li><code>listType</code>: a String, either <code>bullet</code> or <code>ordered</code>.</li>
<li><code>listTight</code>: <code>true</code> if list is tight.</li>
<li><code>listStart</code>: a Number, the starting number of an ordered list.</li>
<li><code>listDelimiter</code>: a String, either <code>)</code> or <code>.</code> for an ordered list.</li>
<li><code>onEnter</code>, <code>onExit</code>: Strings, used only for <code>custom_block</code> or <code>custom_inline</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Nodes have the following public methods:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>appendChild(child)</code>:  Append a Node <code>child</code> to the end of the Node&#039;s children.</li>
<li><code>prependChild(child)</code>:  Prepend a Node <code>child</code> to the beginning of the Node&#039;s children.</li>
<li><code>unlink()</code>:  Remove the Node from the tree, severing its links with siblings and parents, and closing up gaps as needed.</li>
<li><code>insertAfter(sibling)</code>: Insert a Node <code>sibling</code> after the Node.</li>
<li><code>insertBefore(sibling)</code>: Insert a Node <code>sibling</code> before the Node.</li>
<li><code>walker()</code>: Returns a NodeWalker that can be used to iterate through the Node tree rooted in the Node.</li>
</ul>
<p>The NodeWalker returned by <code>walker()</code> has two methods:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>next()</code>: Returns an object with properties <code>entering</code> (a boolean, which is <code>true</code> when we enter a Node from a parent or sibling, and <code>false</code> when we reenter it from a child).  Returns <code>null</code> when we have finished walking the tree.</li>
<li><code>resumeAt(node, entering)</code>: Resets the iterator to resume at the specified node and setting for <code>entering</code>.  (Normally this isn&#039;t needed unless you do destructive updates to the Node tree.)</li>
</ul>
<p>Here is an example of the use of a NodeWalker to iterate through the tree, making transformations.  This simple example converts the contents of all <code>text</code> nodes to ALL CAPS:</p>
<pre class="js"><code>var walker = parsed.walker();
var event, node;

while ((event = walker.next())) {
  node = event.node;
  if (event.entering &amp;&amp; node.type === &#039;text&#039;) {
    node.literal = node.literal.toUpperCase();
  }
}</code></pre>
<p>This more complex example converts emphasis to ALL CAPS:</p>
<pre class="js"><code>var walker = parsed.walker();
var event, node;
var inEmph = false;

while ((event = walker.next())) {
  node = event.node;
  if (node.type === &#039;emph&#039;) {
    if (event.entering) {
      inEmph = true;
    } else {
      inEmph = false;
      // add Emph node&#039;s children as siblings
      while (node.firstChild) {
        node.insertBefore(node.firstChild);
      }
      // remove the empty Emph node
      node.unlink()
    }
  } else if (inEmph &amp;&amp; node.type === &#039;text&#039;) {
      node.literal = node.literal.toUpperCase();
  }
}</code></pre>
<p>Exercises for the reader:  write a transform to</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>De-linkify a document, transforming links to regular text.</li>
<li>Remove all raw HTML (<code>html_inline</code> and <code>html_block</code> nodes).</li>
<li>Run fenced code blocks marked with a language name through a syntax highlighting library, replacing them with an <code>HtmlBlock</code> containing the highlighted code.</li>
<li>Print warnings to the console for images without image descriptions or titles.</li>
</ol>
<h2>Command line</h2>
<p>The command line executable parses CommonMark input from the specified files, or from stdin if no files are specified, and renders the result to stdout as HTML.  If multiple input files are specified, their contents are concatenated before parsing, with newlines between them.</p>
<pre><code>commonmark inputfile.md &gt; outputfile.html
commonmark intro.md chapter1.md chapter2.md &gt; book.html</code></pre>
<p>Use <code>commonmark --help</code> to get a summary of options.</p>
<h2>A note on security</h2>
<p>The library does not attempt to sanitize link attributes or raw HTML.  If you use this library in applications that accept untrusted user input, you should either enable the <code>safe</code> option (see above) or run the output through an HTML sanitizer to protect against <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting">XSS attacks</a>.</p>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>Performance is excellent, roughly on par with <code>marked</code>.  On a benchmark converting an 11 MB Markdown file built by concatenating the Markdown sources of all localizations of the first edition of <a href="https://github.com/progit/progit/tree/master/en"><em>Pro Git</em></a> by Scott Chacon, the command-line tool, <code>commonmark</code> is just a bit slower than the C program <code>discount</code>, roughly ten times faster than PHP Markdown, a hundred times faster than Python Markdown, and more than a thousand times faster than <code>Markdown.pl</code>.</p>
<p>Here are some focused benchmarks of four JavaScript libraries (using versions available on 24 Jan 2015).  They test performance on different kinds of Markdown texts.  (Most of these samples are taken from the <a href="https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it">markdown-it</a> repository.)  Results show a ratio of ops/second (higher is better) against showdown (which is usually the slowest implementation). Versions: showdown 1.3.0, marked 0.3.5, commonmark.js 0.22.1, markdown-it 5.0.2, node 5.3.0.  Hardware: 1.6GHz Intel Core i5, Mac OSX.</p>
<p>| Sample                   |showdown  |commonmark|marked    |markdown-it| |--------------------------|---------:|---------:|---------:|----------:| |<a href="bench/samples/README.md">README.md</a>               |         1|       3.6|       3.1|        3.9| |<a href="bench/samples/block-bq-flat.md">block-bq-flat.md</a>        |         1|       4.8|       4.9|        4.9| |<a href="bench/samples/block-bq-nested.md">block-bq-nested.md</a>      |         1|      11.9|       6.8|       10.7| |<a href="bench/samples/block-code.md">block-code.md</a>           |         1|       4.7|      12.1|       23.0| |<a href="bench/samples/block-fences.md">block-fences.md</a>         |         1|       6.2|      21.2|       19.1| |<a href="bench/samples/block-heading.md">block-heading.md</a>        |         1|       5.0|       4.8|        6.5| |<a href="bench/samples/block-hr.md">block-hr.md</a>             |         1|       3.5|       3.3|        3.5| |<a href="bench/samples/block-html.md">block-html.md</a>           |         1|       2.1|       0.9|        3.8| |<a href="bench/samples/block-lheading.md">block-lheading.md</a>       |         1|       5.1|       4.9|        3.9| |<a href="bench/samples/block-list-flat.md">block-list-flat.md</a>      |         1|       4.7|       4.4|        7.4| |<a href="bench/samples/block-list-nested.md">block-list-nested.md</a>    |         1|       9.5|       7.8|       17.6| |<a href="bench/samples/block-ref-flat.md">block-ref-flat.md</a>       |         1|       0.8|       0.5|        0.6| |<a href="bench/samples/block-ref-nested.md">block-ref-nested.md</a>     |         1|       0.7|       0.6|        0.9| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-autolink.md">inline-autolink.md</a>      |         1|       2.3|       3.4|        2.5| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-backticks.md">inline-backticks.md</a>     |         1|       7.6|       5.3|        8.2| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-em-flat.md">inline-em-flat.md</a>       |         1|       1.5|       1.1|        1.6| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-em-nested.md">inline-em-nested.md</a>     |         1|       1.8|       1.3|        1.7| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-em-worst.md">inline-em-worst.md</a>      |         1|       2.4|       1.5|        2.5| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-entity.md">inline-entity.md</a>        |         1|       2.0|       3.8|        2.7| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-escape.md">inline-escape.md</a>        |         1|       2.2|       1.4|        5.0| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-html.md">inline-html.md</a>          |         1|       2.9|       3.7|        3.3| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-links-flat.md">inline-links-flat.md</a>    |         1|       2.7|       2.7|        2.2| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-links-nested.md">inline-links-nested.md</a>  |         1|       1.4|       0.5|        0.5| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-newlines.md">inline-newlines.md</a>      |         1|       2.3|       2.0|        3.5| |<a href="bench/samples/lorem1.md">lorem1.md</a>               |         1|       6.0|       2.9|        3.3| |<a href="bench/samples/rawtabs.md">rawtabs.md</a>              |         1|       4.6|       3.9|        6.7|</p>
<p>To generate this table:</p>
<pre><code>make bench-detailed</code></pre>
<h2>Authors</h2>
<p>John MacFarlane wrote the first version of the JavaScript implementation.  The block parsing algorithm was worked out together with David Greenspan.  Kārlis Gaņģis helped work out a better parsing algorithm for links and emphasis, eliminating several worst-case performance issues.  Vitaly Puzrin has offered much good advice about optimization and other issues.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>commonmark.js</h1>
<p><a href="https://github.com/commonmark/commonmark.js/actions"><img
src="https://github.com/commonmark/commonmark.js/workflows/CI%20tests/badge.svg"
alt="Build Status" /></a> <a
href="https://www.npmjs.org/package/commonmark"><img
src="https://img.shields.io/npm/v/commonmark.svg?style=flat"
alt="NPM version" /></a></p>
<p>CommonMark is a rationalized version of Markdown syntax, with a <a
href="http://spec.commonmark.org">spec</a> and BSD-licensed reference
implementations in C and JavaScript.</p>
<p>For more information, see <a
href="http://commonmark.org">http://commonmark.org</a>.</p>
<p>This repository contains the JavaScript reference implementation. It
provides a library with functions for parsing CommonMark documents to an
abstract syntax tree (AST), manipulating the AST, and rendering the
document to HTML or to an XML representation of the AST.</p>
<p>To play with this library without installing it, see the live dingus
at <a
href="http://try.commonmark.org/">http://try.commonmark.org/</a>.</p>
<h2>Installing</h2>
<p>You can install the library using <code>npm</code>:</p>
<pre><code>npm install commonmark</code></pre>
<p>This package includes the commonmark library and a command-line
executable, <code>commonmark</code>.</p>
<p>For client-side use, you can use one of the single-file distributions
provided in the <code>dist/</code> subdirectory of the node installation
(<code>node_modules/commonmark/dist/</code>). Use either
<code>commonmark.js</code> (readable source) or
<code>commonmark.min.js</code> (minimized source).</p>
<p>Alternatively, <code>bower install commonmark</code> will install the
needed distribution files in
<code>bower_components/commonmark/dist</code>.</p>
<p>You can also use the version hosted by unpkg: for example, <a
href="https://unpkg.com/commonmark@0.29.3/dist/commonmark.js">https://unpkg.com/commonmark@0.29.3/dist/commonmark.js</a>
for the unminimized version 0.29.3.</p>
<h2>Building</h2>
<p>Make sure to fetch dependencies with:</p>
<pre><code>npm install</code></pre>
<p>To run tests for the JavaScript library:</p>
<pre><code>npm test</code></pre>
<p>(Running the tests will also rebuild distribution files in
<code>dist/</code>.)</p>
<p>To run benchmarks against some other JavaScript converters:</p>
<pre><code>make bench</code></pre>
<p>To start an interactive dingus that you can use to try out the
library:</p>
<pre><code>make dingus</code></pre>
<h2>Usage</h2>
<p>Instead of converting Markdown directly to HTML, as most converters
do, <code>commonmark.js</code> parses Markdown to an AST (abstract
syntax tree), and then renders this AST as HTML. This opens up the
possibility of manipulating the AST between parsing and rendering. For
example, one could transform emphasis into ALL CAPS.</p>
<p>Here's a basic usage example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode js"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> reader <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> commonmark<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">Parser</span>()<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> writer <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> commonmark<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">HtmlRenderer</span>()<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> parsed <span class="op">=</span> reader<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">parse</span>(<span class="st">&quot;Hello *world*&quot;</span>)<span class="op">;</span> <span class="co">// parsed is a &#39;Node&#39; tree</span></span>
<span id="cb6-4"><a href="#cb6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">// transform parsed if you like...</span></span>
<span id="cb6-5"><a href="#cb6-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> result <span class="op">=</span> writer<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">render</span>(parsed)<span class="op">;</span> <span class="co">// result is a String</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>The constructors for <code>Parser</code> and
<code>HtmlRenderer</code> take an optional <code>options</code>
parameter:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode js"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> reader <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> commonmark<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">Parser</span>({<span class="dt">smart</span><span class="op">:</span> <span class="kw">true</span>})<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> writer <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> commonmark<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">HtmlRenderer</span>({<span class="dt">sourcepos</span><span class="op">:</span> <span class="kw">true</span>})<span class="op">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p><code>Parser</code> currently supports the following:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>smart</code>: if <code>true</code>, straight quotes will be
made curly, <code>--</code> will be changed to an en dash,
<code>---</code> will be changed to an em dash, and <code>...</code>
will be changed to ellipses.</li>
</ul>
<p>Both <code>HtmlRenderer</code> and <code>XmlRenderer</code> (see
below) support these options:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>sourcepos</code>: if <code>true</code>, source position
information for block-level elements will be rendered in the
<code>data-sourcepos</code> attribute (for HTML) or the
<code>sourcepos</code> attribute (for XML).</li>
<li><code>safe</code>: if <code>true</code>, raw HTML will not be passed
through to HTML output (it will be replaced by comments), and
potentially unsafe URLs in links and images (those beginning with
<code>javascript:</code>, <code>vbscript:</code>, <code>file:</code>,
and with a few exceptions <code>data:</code>) will be replaced with
empty strings.</li>
<li><code>softbreak</code>: specify raw string to be used for a
softbreak.</li>
<li><code>esc</code>: specify a function to be used to escape strings.
Its argument is the string.</li>
</ul>
<p>For example, to make soft breaks render as hard breaks in HTML:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode js"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> writer <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> commonmark<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">HtmlRenderer</span>({<span class="dt">softbreak</span><span class="op">:</span> <span class="st">&quot;&lt;br /&gt;&quot;</span>})<span class="op">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To make them render as spaces:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="sourceCode js"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> writer <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> commonmark<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">HtmlRenderer</span>({<span class="dt">softbreak</span><span class="op">:</span> <span class="st">&quot; &quot;</span>})<span class="op">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p><code>XmlRenderer</code> serves as an alternative to
<code>HtmlRenderer</code> and will produce an XML representation of the
AST:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre
class="sourceCode js"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> writer <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">new</span> commonmark<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">XmlRenderer</span>({<span class="dt">sourcepos</span><span class="op">:</span> <span class="kw">true</span>})<span class="op">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>The parser returns a Node. The following public properties are
defined (those marked "read-only" have only a getter, not a setter):</p>
<ul>
<li><code>type</code> (read-only): a String, one of <code>text</code>,
<code>softbreak</code>, <code>linebreak</code>, <code>emph</code>,
<code>strong</code>, <code>html_inline</code>, <code>link</code>,
<code>image</code>, <code>code</code>, <code>document</code>,
<code>paragraph</code>, <code>block_quote</code>, <code>item</code>,
<code>list</code>, <code>heading</code>, <code>code_block</code>,
<code>html_block</code>, <code>thematic_break</code>.</li>
<li><code>firstChild</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li>
<li><code>lastChild</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li>
<li><code>next</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li>
<li><code>prev</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li>
<li><code>parent</code> (read-only): a Node or null.</li>
<li><code>sourcepos</code> (read-only): an Array with the following
form:
<code>[[startline, startcolumn], [endline, endcolumn]]</code>.</li>
<li><code>isContainer</code> (read-only): <code>true</code> if the Node
can contain other Nodes as children.</li>
<li><code>literal</code>: the literal String content of the node or
null.</li>
<li><code>destination</code>: link or image destination (String) or
null.</li>
<li><code>title</code>: link or image title (String) or null.</li>
<li><code>info</code>: fenced code block info string (String) or
null.</li>
<li><code>level</code>: heading level (Number).</li>
<li><code>listType</code>: a String, either <code>bullet</code> or
<code>ordered</code>.</li>
<li><code>listTight</code>: <code>true</code> if list is tight.</li>
<li><code>listStart</code>: a Number, the starting number of an ordered
list.</li>
<li><code>listDelimiter</code>: a String, either <code>)</code> or
<code>.</code> for an ordered list.</li>
<li><code>onEnter</code>, <code>onExit</code>: Strings, used only for
<code>custom_block</code> or <code>custom_inline</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Nodes have the following public methods:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>appendChild(child)</code>: Append a Node <code>child</code> to
the end of the Node's children.</li>
<li><code>prependChild(child)</code>: Prepend a Node <code>child</code>
to the beginning of the Node's children.</li>
<li><code>unlink()</code>: Remove the Node from the tree, severing its
links with siblings and parents, and closing up gaps as needed.</li>
<li><code>insertAfter(sibling)</code>: Insert a Node
<code>sibling</code> after the Node.</li>
<li><code>insertBefore(sibling)</code>: Insert a Node
<code>sibling</code> before the Node.</li>
<li><code>walker()</code>: Returns a NodeWalker that can be used to
iterate through the Node tree rooted in the Node.</li>
</ul>
<p>The NodeWalker returned by <code>walker()</code> has two methods:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>next()</code>: Returns an object with properties
<code>entering</code> (a boolean, which is <code>true</code> when we
enter a Node from a parent or sibling, and <code>false</code> when we
reenter it from a child). Returns <code>null</code> when we have
finished walking the tree.</li>
<li><code>resumeAt(node, entering)</code>: Resets the iterator to resume
at the specified node and setting for <code>entering</code>. (Normally
this isn't needed unless you do destructive updates to the Node
tree.)</li>
</ul>
<p>Here is an example of the use of a NodeWalker to iterate through the
tree, making transformations. This simple example converts the contents
of all <code>text</code> nodes to ALL CAPS:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre
class="sourceCode js"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> walker <span class="op">=</span> parsed<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">walker</span>()<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb11-2"><a href="#cb11-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> <span class="bu">event</span><span class="op">,</span> node<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb11-3"><a href="#cb11-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb11-4"><a href="#cb11-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">while</span> ((<span class="bu">event</span> <span class="op">=</span> walker<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">next</span>())) {</span>
<span id="cb11-5"><a href="#cb11-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  node <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">event</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="at">node</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb11-6"><a href="#cb11-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="cf">if</span> (<span class="bu">event</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="at">entering</span> <span class="op">&amp;&amp;</span> node<span class="op">.</span><span class="at">type</span> <span class="op">===</span> <span class="st">&#39;text&#39;</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb11-7"><a href="#cb11-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    node<span class="op">.</span><span class="at">literal</span> <span class="op">=</span> node<span class="op">.</span><span class="at">literal</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">toUpperCase</span>()<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb11-8"><a href="#cb11-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  }</span>
<span id="cb11-9"><a href="#cb11-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div>
<p>This more complex example converts emphasis to ALL CAPS:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre
class="sourceCode js"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> walker <span class="op">=</span> parsed<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">walker</span>()<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> <span class="bu">event</span><span class="op">,</span> node<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb12-3"><a href="#cb12-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">var</span> inEmph <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">false</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb12-4"><a href="#cb12-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-5"><a href="#cb12-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">while</span> ((<span class="bu">event</span> <span class="op">=</span> walker<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">next</span>())) {</span>
<span id="cb12-6"><a href="#cb12-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  node <span class="op">=</span> <span class="bu">event</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="at">node</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb12-7"><a href="#cb12-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="cf">if</span> (node<span class="op">.</span><span class="at">type</span> <span class="op">===</span> <span class="st">&#39;emph&#39;</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb12-8"><a href="#cb12-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="cf">if</span> (<span class="bu">event</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="at">entering</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb12-9"><a href="#cb12-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>      inEmph <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">true</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb12-10"><a href="#cb12-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    } <span class="cf">else</span> {</span>
<span id="cb12-11"><a href="#cb12-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>      inEmph <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">false</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb12-12"><a href="#cb12-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>      <span class="co">// add Emph node&#39;s children as siblings</span></span>
<span id="cb12-13"><a href="#cb12-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>      <span class="cf">while</span> (node<span class="op">.</span><span class="at">firstChild</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb12-14"><a href="#cb12-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        node<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">insertBefore</span>(node<span class="op">.</span><span class="at">firstChild</span>)<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb12-15"><a href="#cb12-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>      }</span>
<span id="cb12-16"><a href="#cb12-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>      <span class="co">// remove the empty Emph node</span></span>
<span id="cb12-17"><a href="#cb12-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>      node<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">unlink</span>()</span>
<span id="cb12-18"><a href="#cb12-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    }</span>
<span id="cb12-19"><a href="#cb12-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  } <span class="cf">else</span> <span class="cf">if</span> (inEmph <span class="op">&amp;&amp;</span> node<span class="op">.</span><span class="at">type</span> <span class="op">===</span> <span class="st">&#39;text&#39;</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb12-20"><a href="#cb12-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>      node<span class="op">.</span><span class="at">literal</span> <span class="op">=</span> node<span class="op">.</span><span class="at">literal</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">toUpperCase</span>()<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb12-21"><a href="#cb12-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  }</span>
<span id="cb12-22"><a href="#cb12-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Exercises for the reader: write a transform to</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>De-linkify a document, transforming links to regular text.</li>
<li>Remove all raw HTML (<code>html_inline</code> and
<code>html_block</code> nodes).</li>
<li>Run fenced code blocks marked with a language name through a syntax
highlighting library, replacing them with an <code>HtmlBlock</code>
containing the highlighted code.</li>
<li>Print warnings to the console for images without image descriptions
or titles.</li>
</ol>
<h2>Command line</h2>
<p>The command line executable parses CommonMark input from the
specified files, or from stdin if no files are specified, and renders
the result to stdout as HTML. If multiple input files are specified,
their contents are concatenated before parsing, with newlines between
them.</p>
<pre><code>commonmark inputfile.md &gt; outputfile.html
commonmark intro.md chapter1.md chapter2.md &gt; book.html</code></pre>
<p>Use <code>commonmark --help</code> to get a summary of options.</p>
<h2>A note on security</h2>
<p>The library does not attempt to sanitize link attributes or raw HTML.
If you use this library in applications that accept untrusted user
input, you should either enable the <code>safe</code> option (see above)
or run the output through an HTML sanitizer to protect against <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting">XSS
attacks</a>.</p>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>Performance is excellent, roughly on par with <code>marked</code>. On
a benchmark converting an 11 MB Markdown file built by concatenating the
Markdown sources of all localizations of the first edition of <a
href="https://github.com/progit/progit/tree/master/en"><em>Pro
Git</em></a> by Scott Chacon, the command-line tool,
<code>commonmark</code> is just a bit slower than the C program
<code>discount</code>, roughly ten times faster than PHP Markdown, a
hundred times faster than Python Markdown, and more than a thousand
times faster than <code>Markdown.pl</code>.</p>
<p>Here are some focused benchmarks of four JavaScript libraries (using
versions available on 24 Jan 2015). They test performance on different
kinds of Markdown texts. (Most of these samples are taken from the <a
href="https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it">markdown-it</a>
repository.) Results show a ratio of ops/second (higher is better)
against showdown (which is usually the slowest implementation).
Versions: showdown 1.3.0, marked 0.3.5, commonmark.js 0.22.1,
markdown-it 5.0.2, node 5.3.0. Hardware: 1.6GHz Intel Core i5, Mac
OSX.</p>
<p>| Sample |showdown |commonmark|marked |markdown-it|
|--------------------------|---------:|---------:|---------:|----------:|
|<a href="bench/samples/README.md">README.md</a> | 1| 3.6| 3.1| 3.9| |<a
href="bench/samples/block-bq-flat.md">block-bq-flat.md</a> | 1| 4.8|
4.9| 4.9| |<a
href="bench/samples/block-bq-nested.md">block-bq-nested.md</a> | 1|
11.9| 6.8| 10.7| |<a
href="bench/samples/block-code.md">block-code.md</a> | 1| 4.7| 12.1|
23.0| |<a href="bench/samples/block-fences.md">block-fences.md</a> | 1|
6.2| 21.2| 19.1| |<a
href="bench/samples/block-heading.md">block-heading.md</a> | 1| 5.0|
4.8| 6.5| |<a href="bench/samples/block-hr.md">block-hr.md</a> | 1| 3.5|
3.3| 3.5| |<a href="bench/samples/block-html.md">block-html.md</a> | 1|
2.1| 0.9| 3.8| |<a
href="bench/samples/block-lheading.md">block-lheading.md</a> | 1| 5.1|
4.9| 3.9| |<a
href="bench/samples/block-list-flat.md">block-list-flat.md</a> | 1| 4.7|
4.4| 7.4| |<a
href="bench/samples/block-list-nested.md">block-list-nested.md</a> | 1|
9.5| 7.8| 17.6| |<a
href="bench/samples/block-ref-flat.md">block-ref-flat.md</a> | 1| 0.8|
0.5| 0.6| |<a
href="bench/samples/block-ref-nested.md">block-ref-nested.md</a> | 1|
0.7| 0.6| 0.9| |<a
href="bench/samples/inline-autolink.md">inline-autolink.md</a> | 1| 2.3|
3.4| 2.5| |<a
href="bench/samples/inline-backticks.md">inline-backticks.md</a> | 1|
7.6| 5.3| 8.2| |<a
href="bench/samples/inline-em-flat.md">inline-em-flat.md</a> | 1| 1.5|
1.1| 1.6| |<a
href="bench/samples/inline-em-nested.md">inline-em-nested.md</a> | 1|
1.8| 1.3| 1.7| |<a
href="bench/samples/inline-em-worst.md">inline-em-worst.md</a> | 1| 2.4|
1.5| 2.5| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-entity.md">inline-entity.md</a>
| 1| 2.0| 3.8| 2.7| |<a
href="bench/samples/inline-escape.md">inline-escape.md</a> | 1| 2.2|
1.4| 5.0| |<a href="bench/samples/inline-html.md">inline-html.md</a> |
1| 2.9| 3.7| 3.3| |<a
href="bench/samples/inline-links-flat.md">inline-links-flat.md</a> | 1|
2.7| 2.7| 2.2| |<a
href="bench/samples/inline-links-nested.md">inline-links-nested.md</a> |
1| 1.4| 0.5| 0.5| |<a
href="bench/samples/inline-newlines.md">inline-newlines.md</a> | 1| 2.3|
2.0| 3.5| |<a href="bench/samples/lorem1.md">lorem1.md</a> | 1| 6.0|
2.9| 3.3| |<a href="bench/samples/rawtabs.md">rawtabs.md</a> | 1| 4.6|
3.9| 6.7|</p>
<p>To generate this table:</p>
<pre><code>make bench-detailed</code></pre>
<h2>Authors</h2>
<p>John MacFarlane wrote the first version of the JavaScript
implementation. The block parsing algorithm was worked out together with
David Greenspan. Kārlis Gaņģis helped work out a better parsing
algorithm for links and emphasis, eliminating several worst-case
performance issues. Vitaly Puzrin has offered much good advice about
optimization and other issues.</p>
</body></html>
Uses the shared Markdown reader; the Markdown reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 137/137 checked-in Markdown/native pairs including CommonMark-oriented profile fixtures.

commonmark_x

1 sample

markdownlint rules reference

73030 bytes | DavidAnson/markdownlint doc/Rules.md

# Rules

This document contains a description of all rules, what they are checking for,
as well as examples of documents that break the rule and corrected
versions of the examples.

<a name="md001"></a>

## `MD001` - Heading levels should only increment by one level at a time

Tags: `headings`

Aliases: `heading-increment`

Parameters:

- `front_matter_title`: RegExp for matching title in front matter (`string`,
  default `^\s*title\s*[:=]`)

This rule is triggered when you skip heading levels in a Markdown document, for
example:

```markdown
# Heading 1

### Heading 3

We skipped out a 2nd level heading in this document
```

When using multiple heading levels, nested headings should increase by only one
level at a time:

```markdown
# Heading 1

## Heading 2

### Heading 3

#### Heading 4

## Another Heading 2

### Another Heading 3
```

If [YAML](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML) front matter is present and
contains a `title` property (commonly used with blog posts), this rule treats
that as a top level heading and will report a violation if the actual first
heading is not a level 2 heading. To use a different property name in the
front matter, specify the text of a regular expression via the
`front_matter_title` parameter. To disable the use of front matter by this
rule, specify `""` for `front_matter_title`. When front matter is not present,
the first heading can be any level.

Rationale: Headings represent the structure of a document and can be confusing
when skipped - especially for accessibility scenarios. More information:
<https://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/page-structure/headings/>.

<a name="md003"></a>

## `MD003` - Heading style

Tags: `headings`

Aliases: `heading-style`

Parameters:

- `style`: Heading style (`string`, default `consistent`, values `atx` /
  `atx_closed` / `consistent` / `setext` / `setext_with_atx` /
  `setext_with_atx_closed`)

This rule is triggered when different heading styles are used in the same
document:

```markdown
# ATX style H1

...

Download original file

Real 71 KB rules reference with extensive Markdown examples, headings, fenced code, lists, links, inline HTML, and extension edge cases.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="rules">Rules</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This document contains a description of all rules, what they are checking for,
as well as examples of documents that break the rule and corrected
versions of the examples.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md001"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md001---heading-levels-should-only-increment-by-one-level-at-a-time"><code>MD001</code> - Heading levels should only increment by one level at a time</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>heading-increment</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>front_matter_title</code>: RegExp for matching title in front matter (<code>string</code>, default <code>^\s*title\s*[:=]</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when you skip heading levels in a Markdown document, for
example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading 1

### Heading 3

We skipped out a 2nd level heading in this document</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When using multiple heading levels, nested headings should increase by only one
level at a time:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading 1

## Heading 2

### Heading 3

#### Heading 4

## Another Heading 2

### Another Heading 3</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is present and
contains a <code>title</code> property (commonly used with blog posts), this rule treats
that as a top level heading and will report a violation if the actual first
heading is not a level 2 heading. To use a different property name in the
front matter, specify the text of a regular expression via the
<code>front_matter_title</code> parameter. To disable the use of front matter by this
rule, specify <code>&quot;&quot;</code> for <code>front_matter_title</code>. When front matter is not present,
the first heading can be any level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Headings represent the structure of a document and can be confusing
when skipped - especially for accessibility scenarios. More information:
<a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/page-structure/headings/">https://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/page-structure/headings/</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md003"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md003---heading-style"><code>MD003</code> - Heading style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>heading-style</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>style</code>: Heading style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>atx</code> / <code>atx_closed</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>setext</code> / <code>setext_with_atx</code> / <code>setext_with_atx_closed</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when different heading styles are used in the same
document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># ATX style H1

## Closed ATX style H2 ##

Setext style H1
===============</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix the issue, use consistent heading styles throughout the document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># ATX style H1

## ATX style H2</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>setext_with_atx</code> and <code>setext_with_atx_closed</code> settings allow ATX-style
headings of level 3 or more in documents with setext-style headings (which only
support level 1 and 2 headings):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Setext style H1
===============

Setext style H2
---------------

### ATX style H3</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The configured heading style can be a specific style to require (<code>atx</code>,
<code>atx_closed</code>, <code>setext</code>, <code>setext_with_atx</code>, <code>setext_with_atx_closed</code>), or can
require that all heading styles match the first heading style via <code>consistent</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The placement of a horizontal rule directly below a line of text can
trigger this rule by turning that text into a level 2 setext-style heading:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">A line of text followed by a horizontal rule becomes a heading
---</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md004"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md004---unordered-list-style"><code>MD004</code> - Unordered list style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>bullet</code>, <code>ul</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>ul-style</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>style</code>: List style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>asterisk</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>dash</code> / <code>plus</code> / <code>sublist</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for unordered
list items do not match the configured unordered list style:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">* Item 1
+ Item 2
- Item 3</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured style for list items throughout the
document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">* Item 1
* Item 2
* Item 3</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The configured list style can ensure all list styling is a specific symbol
(<code>asterisk</code>, <code>plus</code>, <code>dash</code>), ensure each sublist has a consistent symbol that
differs from its parent list (<code>sublist</code>), or ensure all list styles match the
first list style (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, the following is valid for the <code>sublist</code> style because the
outer-most indent uses asterisk, the middle indent uses plus, and the inner-most
indent uses dash:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">* Item 1
  + Item 2
    - Item 3
  + Item 4
* Item 4
  + Item 5</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md005"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md005---inconsistent-indentation-for-list-items-at-the-same-level"><code>MD005</code> - Inconsistent indentation for list items at the same level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>bullet</code>, <code>indentation</code>, <code>ul</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>list-indent</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when list items are parsed as being at the same level,
but don’t have the same indentation:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">* Item 1
  * Nested Item 1
  * Nested Item 2
   * A misaligned item</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Usually, this rule will be triggered because of a typo. Correct the indentation
for the list to fix it:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">* Item 1
  * Nested Item 1
  * Nested Item 2
  * Nested Item 3</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sequentially-ordered list markers are usually left-aligned such that all items
have the same starting column:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">...
8. Item
9. Item
10. Item
11. Item
...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule also supports right-alignment of list markers such that all items have
the same ending column:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">...
 8. Item
 9. Item
10. Item
11. Item
...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md007"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md007---unordered-list-indentation"><code>MD007</code> - Unordered list indentation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>bullet</code>, <code>indentation</code>, <code>ul</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>ul-indent</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>indent</code>: Spaces for indent (<code>integer</code>, default <code>2</code>)</li><li><code>start_indent</code>: Spaces for first level indent (when start_indented is set) (<code>integer</code>, default <code>2</code>)</li><li><code>start_indented</code>: Whether to indent the first level of the list (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when list items are not indented by the configured
number of spaces (default: 2).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">* List item
   * Nested list item indented by 3 spaces</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Corrected Example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">* List item
  * Nested list item indented by 2 spaces</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This rule applies to a sublist only if its parent lists are all also
unordered (otherwise, extra indentation of ordered lists interferes with the
rule).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>start_indented</code> parameter allows the first level of lists to be indented by
the configured number of spaces rather than starting at zero. The <code>start_indent</code>
parameter allows the first level of lists to be indented by a different number
of spaces than the rest (ignored when <code>start_indented</code> is not set).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Indenting by 2 spaces allows the content of a nested list to be in
line with the start of the content of the parent list when a single space is
used after the list marker. Indenting by 4 spaces is consistent with code blocks
and simpler for editors to implement. Additionally, this can be a compatibility
issue for other Markdown parsers, which require 4-space indents. More
information: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#indentation-of-content-inside-lists">Markdown Style Guide</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: See <a href="Prettier.md">Prettier.md</a> for compatibility information.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md009"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md009---trailing-spaces"><code>MD009</code> - Trailing spaces</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>whitespace</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-trailing-spaces</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>br_spaces</code>: Spaces for line break (<code>integer</code>, default <code>2</code>)</li><li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li><li><code>list_item_empty_lines</code>: Allow spaces for empty lines in list items (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li><li><code>strict</code>: Include unnecessary breaks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered on any lines that end with unexpected whitespace. To fix
this, remove the trailing space from the end of the line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>br_spaces</code> parameter allows an exception to this rule for a specific number
of trailing spaces, typically used to insert an explicit line break. The default
value allows 2 spaces to indicate a hard break (&lt;br&gt; element). (You must set
<code>br_spaces</code> to a value &gt;= 2 for this parameter to take effect. Setting
<code>br_spaces</code> to 1 behaves the same as 0, disallowing any trailing spaces.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, trailing space is allowed in indented and fenced code blocks because
some programming languages require that. To report such instances, set the
<code>code_blocks</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, this rule will not trigger when the allowed number of spaces is
used, even when it doesn’t create a hard break (for example, at the end of a
paragraph). To report such instances, set the <code>strict</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Text text text
text[2 spaces]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Using spaces to indent blank lines inside a list item is usually not necessary,
but some parsers require it. Set the <code>list_item_empty_lines</code> parameter to <code>true</code>
to allow this (even when <code>strict</code> is <code>true</code>):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- list item text
  [2 spaces]
  list item text</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Except when being used to create a line break, trailing whitespace
has no purpose and does not affect the rendering of content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md010"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md010---hard-tabs"><code>MD010</code> - Hard tabs</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>hard_tab</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-hard-tabs</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>ignore_code_languages</code>: Fenced code languages to ignore (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li><li><code>spaces_per_tab</code>: Number of spaces for each hard tab (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered by any lines that contain hard tab characters instead
of using spaces for indentation. To fix this, replace any hard tab characters
with spaces instead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable no-hard-tabs -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text

	* hard tab character used to indent the list item</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Corrected example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text

    * Spaces used to indent the list item instead</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You have the option to exclude this rule for code blocks and spans. To do so,
set the <code>code_blocks</code> parameter to <code>false</code>. Code blocks and spans are included
by default since handling of tabs by Markdown tools can be inconsistent (e.g.,
using 4 vs. 8 spaces).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When code blocks are scanned (e.g., by default or if <code>code_blocks</code> is <code>true</code>),
the <code>ignore_code_languages</code> parameter can be set to a list of languages that
should be ignored (i.e., hard tabs will be allowed, though not required). This
makes it easier for documents to include code for languages that require hard
tabs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, violations of this rule are fixed by replacing the tab with 1 space
character. To use a different number of spaces, set the <code>spaces_per_tab</code>
parameter to the desired value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Hard tabs are often rendered inconsistently by different editors and
can be harder to work with than spaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>More information:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="https://agiletribe.wordpress.com/2011/10/27/18-dont-use-tab-characters/">https://agiletribe.wordpress.com/2011/10/27/18-dont-use-tab-characters/</a></li><li><a href="https://www.jwz.org/doc/tabs-vs-spaces.html">https://www.jwz.org/doc/tabs-vs-spaces.html</a></li><li><a href="https://adamspiers.org/computing/why_no_tabs.html">https://adamspiers.org/computing/why_no_tabs.html</a></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md011"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md011---reversed-link-syntax"><code>MD011</code> - Reversed link syntax</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>links</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-reversed-links</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when text that appears to be a link is encountered, but
where the syntax appears to have been reversed (the <code>[]</code> and <code>()</code> are
reversed):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">(Incorrect link syntax)[https://www.example.com/]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, swap the <code>[]</code> and <code>()</code> around:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[Correct link syntax](https://www.example.com/)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown_Extra">Markdown Extra</a>-style
footnotes do not trigger this rule:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">For (example)[^1]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Reversed links are not rendered as usable links.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md012"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md012---multiple-consecutive-blank-lines"><code>MD012</code> - Multiple consecutive blank lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-blanks</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>maximum</code>: Consecutive blank lines (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when there are multiple consecutive blank lines in the
document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text here


Some more text here</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, delete the offending lines:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text here

Some more text here</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: this rule will not be triggered if there are multiple consecutive blank
lines inside code blocks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The <code>maximum</code> parameter can be used to configure the maximum number of
consecutive blank lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Except in a code block, blank lines serve no purpose and do not
affect the rendering of content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md013"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md013---line-length"><code>MD013</code> - Line length</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>line_length</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>line-length</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>code_block_line_length</code>: Number of characters for code blocks (<code>integer</code>, default <code>80</code>)</li><li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>heading_line_length</code>: Number of characters for headings (<code>integer</code>, default <code>80</code>)</li><li><code>headings</code>: Include headings (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>line_length</code>: Number of characters (<code>integer</code>, default <code>80</code>)</li><li><code>stern</code>: Stern length checking (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li><li><code>strict</code>: Strict length checking (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li><li><code>tables</code>: Include tables (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when there are lines that are longer than the
configured <code>line_length</code> (default: 80 characters). To fix this, split the line
up into multiple lines. To set a different maximum length for headings, use
<code>heading_line_length</code>. To set a different maximum length for code blocks, use
<code>code_block_line_length</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule has an exception when there is no whitespace beyond the configured
line length. This allows you to include items such as long URLs without being
forced to break them in the middle. To disable this exception, set the <code>strict</code>
parameter to <code>true</code> and an issue will be reported when any line is too long. To
warn for lines that are too long and could be fixed but allow long lines
without spaces, set the <code>stern</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example (assuming normal behavior):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">IF THIS LINE IS THE MAXIMUM LENGTH
This line is okay because there are-no-spaces-beyond-that-length
This line is a violation because there are spaces beyond that length
This-line-is-okay-because-there-are-no-spaces-anywhere-within</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In <code>strict</code> mode, the last three lines above are all violations. In <code>stern</code>
mode, the middle two lines above are both violations, but the last is okay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You have the option to exclude this rule for code blocks, tables, or headings.
To do so, set the <code>code_blocks</code>, <code>tables</code>, or <code>headings</code> parameter(s) to false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Code blocks are included in this rule by default since it is often a
requirement for document readability, and tentatively compatible with code
rules. Still, some languages do not lend themselves to short lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lines with link/image reference definitions and standalone lines (i.e., not part
of a paragraph) with only a link/image (possibly using (strong) emphasis) are
always exempted from this rule (even in <code>strict</code> mode) because there is often no
way to split such lines without breaking the URL.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Extremely long lines can be difficult to work with in some editors.
More information: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#line-wrapping">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#line-wrapping</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md014"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md014---dollar-signs-used-before-commands-without-showing-output"><code>MD014</code> - Dollar signs used before commands without showing output</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>code</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>commands-show-output</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when there are code blocks showing shell commands to be
typed, and <em>all</em> of the shell commands are preceded by dollar signs ($):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable commands-show-output -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">$ ls
$ cat foo
$ less bar</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dollar signs are unnecessary in this situation, and should not be
included:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">ls
cat foo
less bar</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Showing output for commands preceded by dollar signs does not trigger this rule:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">$ ls
foo bar
$ cat foo
Hello world
$ cat bar
baz</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because some commands do not produce output, it is not a violation if <em>some</em>
commands do not have output:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">$ mkdir test
mkdir: created directory &#039;test&#039;
$ ls test</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: It is easier to copy/paste and less noisy if the dollar signs
are omitted when they are not needed. See
<a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#dollar-signs-in-shell-code">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#dollar-signs-in-shell-code</a>
for more information.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md018"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md018---no-space-after-hash-on-atx-style-heading"><code>MD018</code> - No space after hash on atx style heading</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>atx</code>, <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-missing-space-atx</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when spaces are missing after the hash characters
in an atx style heading:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">#Heading 1

##Heading 2</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a single
space:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading 1

## Heading 2</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md019"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md019---multiple-spaces-after-hash-on-atx-style-heading"><code>MD019</code> - Multiple spaces after hash on atx style heading</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>atx</code>, <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-space-atx</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when more than one space is used to separate the
heading text from the hash characters in an atx style heading:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">#  Heading 1

##  Heading 2</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a single
space:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading 1

## Heading 2</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Extra space has no purpose and does not affect the rendering of
content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md020"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md020---no-space-inside-hashes-on-closed-atx-style-heading"><code>MD020</code> - No space inside hashes on closed atx style heading</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>atx_closed</code>, <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-missing-space-closed-atx</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when spaces are missing inside the hash characters
in a closed atx style heading:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">#Heading 1#

##Heading 2##</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a single
space:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading 1 #

## Heading 2 ##</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: this rule will fire if either side of the heading is missing spaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md021"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md021---multiple-spaces-inside-hashes-on-closed-atx-style-heading"><code>MD021</code> - Multiple spaces inside hashes on closed atx style heading</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>atx_closed</code>, <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-space-closed-atx</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when more than one space is used to separate the
heading text from the hash characters in a closed atx style heading:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">#  Heading 1  #

##  Heading 2  ##</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a single
space:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading 1 #

## Heading 2 ##</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: this rule will fire if either side of the heading contains multiple
spaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Extra space has no purpose and does not affect the rendering of
content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md022"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md022---headings-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD022</code> - Headings should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>include_front_matter</code>: Include front matter content (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li><li><code>lines_above</code>: Blank lines above heading (<code>integer|integer[]</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li><li><code>lines_below</code>: Blank lines below heading (<code>integer|integer[]</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when headings (any style) are either not preceded or not
followed by at least one blank line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading 1
Some text

Some more text
## Heading 2</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, ensure that all headings have a blank line both before and after
(except where the heading is at the beginning or end of the document):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading 1

Some text

Some more text

## Heading 2</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>lines_above</code> and <code>lines_below</code> parameters can be used to specify a
different number of blank lines (including <code>0</code>) above or below each heading.
If the value <code>-1</code> is used for either parameter, any number of blank lines is
allowed. To customize the number of lines above or below each heading level
individually, specify a <code>number[]</code> where values correspond to heading levels
1-6 (in order).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Notes: If <code>lines_above</code> or <code>lines_below</code> are configured to require more than one
blank line, <a href="md012.md">MD012/no-multiple-blanks</a> should also be customized. This
rule checks for <em>at least</em> as many blank lines as specified; any extra blank
lines are ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is ignored, so
the following document reports no violations:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">---
title: Title
---
## Heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To require the configured number of blank lines between front matter content and
a document’s first heading, set the <code>include_front_matter</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Aside from aesthetic reasons, some parsers, including <code>kramdown</code>,
will not parse headings that don’t have a blank line before, and will parse them
as regular text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md023"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md023---headings-must-start-at-the-beginning-of-the-line"><code>MD023</code> - Headings must start at the beginning of the line</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>heading-start-left</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when a heading is indented by one or more spaces:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text

  # Indented heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, ensure that all headings start at the beginning of the line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text

# Heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that scenarios like block quotes “indent” the start of the line, so the
following is also correct:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; # Heading in Block Quote</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Headings that don’t start at the beginning of the line will not be
parsed as headings, and will instead appear as regular text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md024"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md024---multiple-headings-with-the-same-content"><code>MD024</code> - Multiple headings with the same content</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-duplicate-heading</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>siblings_only</code>: Only check sibling headings (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered if there are multiple headings in the document that have
the same text:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Some text

## Some text</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, ensure that the content of each heading is different:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Some text

## Some more text</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the parameter <code>siblings_only</code> is set to <code>true</code>, duplication is allowed for
headings with different parents (as is common in changelogs):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Change log

## 1.0.0

### Features

## 2.0.0

### Features</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Some Markdown parsers generate anchors for headings based on the
heading name; headings with the same content can cause problems with that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md025"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md025---multiple-top-level-headings-in-the-same-document"><code>MD025</code> - Multiple top-level headings in the same document</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>single-h1</code>, <code>single-title</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>front_matter_title</code>: RegExp for matching title in front matter (<code>string</code>, default <code>^\s*title\s*[:=]</code>)</li><li><code>level</code>: Heading level (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when a top-level heading is in use (the first line of
the file is an h1 heading), and more than one h1 heading is in use in the
document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Top level heading

# Another top-level heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix, structure your document so there is a single h1 heading that is
the title for the document. Subsequent headings must be
lower-level headings (h2, h3, etc.):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Title

## Heading

## Another heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The <code>level</code> parameter can be used to change the top-level (ex: to h2) in
cases where an h1 is added externally.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is present and
contains a <code>title</code> property (commonly used with blog posts), this rule treats
that as a top level heading and will report a violation for any subsequent
top-level headings. To use a different property name in the front matter,
specify the text of a regular expression via the <code>front_matter_title</code> parameter.
To disable the use of front matter by this rule, specify <code>&quot;&quot;</code> for
<code>front_matter_title</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: A top-level heading is an h1 on the first line of the file, and
serves as the title for the document. If this convention is in use, then there
can not be more than one title for the document, and the entire document should
be contained within this heading.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md026"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md026---trailing-punctuation-in-heading"><code>MD026</code> - Trailing punctuation in heading</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-trailing-punctuation</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>punctuation</code>: Punctuation characters (<code>string</code>, default <code>.,;:!。,;:!</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered on any heading that has one of the specified normal or
full-width punctuation characters as the last character in the line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># This is a heading.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, remove the trailing punctuation:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># This is a heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The <code>punctuation</code> parameter can be used to specify what characters count
as punctuation at the end of a heading. For example, you can change it to
<code>&quot;.,;:&quot;</code> to allow headings that end with an exclamation point. <code>?</code> is
allowed by default because of how common it is in headings of FAQ-style
documents. Setting the <code>punctuation</code> parameter to <code>&quot;&quot;</code> allows all characters -
and is equivalent to disabling the rule.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The trailing semicolon of <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references">HTML entity references</a>
like <code>&amp;copy;</code>, <code>&amp;#169;</code>, and <code>&amp;#x000A9;</code> is ignored by this rule.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Headings are not meant to be full sentences. More information:
<a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#punctuation-at-the-end-of-headers">Punctuation at the end of headers</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md027"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md027---multiple-spaces-after-blockquote-symbol"><code>MD027</code> - Multiple spaces after blockquote symbol</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>blockquote</code>, <code>indentation</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-space-blockquote</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>list_items</code>: Include list items (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when blockquotes have more than one space after the
blockquote (<code>&gt;</code>) symbol:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt;  This is a blockquote with bad indentation
&gt;  there should only be one.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix, remove any extraneous space:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; This is a blockquote with correct
&gt; indentation.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inferring intended list indentation within a blockquote can be challenging;
setting the <code>list_items</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables this rule for ordered
and unordered list items.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md028"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md028---blank-line-inside-blockquote"><code>MD028</code> - Blank line inside blockquote</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>blockquote</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-blanks-blockquote</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when two blockquote blocks are separated by nothing
but a blank line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; This is a blockquote
&gt; which is immediately followed by

&gt; this blockquote. In some cases,
&gt; these may be merged into one blockquote.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, ensure that consecutive blockquotes have text (or an HTML comment)
in between:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; This is a blockquote.

This is paragraph text.

&gt; This is a second blockquote.

&lt;!-- This is an HTML comment --&gt;

&gt; This is a third blockquote.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If they are meant to be a single quote, add the blockquote symbol at the
beginning of the blank line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; This is a blockquote.
&gt;
&gt; This is the same blockquote.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Some Markdown parsers will treat two blockquotes separated by one
or more blank lines as the same blockquote, while others will treat them as
separate blockquotes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md029"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md029---ordered-list-item-prefix"><code>MD029</code> - Ordered list item prefix</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>ol</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>ol-prefix</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>style</code>: List style (<code>string</code>, default <code>one_or_ordered</code>, values <code>one</code> / <code>one_or_ordered</code> / <code>ordered</code> / <code>zero</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered for ordered lists that do not either start with ‘1.’ or
do not have a prefix that increases in numerical order (depending on the
configured style). The less-common pattern of using ‘0.’ as a first prefix or
for all prefixes is also supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example valid list if the style is configured as ‘one’:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">1. Do this.
1. Do that.
1. Done.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Examples of valid lists if the style is configured as ‘ordered’:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">1. Do this.
2. Do that.
3. Done.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">0. Do this.
1. Do that.
2. Done.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All three examples are valid when the style is configured as ‘one_or_ordered’.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example valid list if the style is configured as ‘zero’:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">0. Do this.
0. Do that.
0. Done.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example invalid list for all styles:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">1. Do this.
3. Done.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule supports 0-prefixing ordered list items for uniform indentation:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">...
08. Item
09. Item
10. Item
11. Item
...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This rule will report violations for cases like the following where an
improperly-indented code block (or similar) appears between two list items and
“breaks” the list in two:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable code-fence-style -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">1. First list

```text
Code block
```

1. Second list</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fix is to indent the code block so it becomes part of the preceding list
item as intended:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">1. First list

   ```text
   Code block
   ```

2. Still first list</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md030"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md030---spaces-after-list-markers"><code>MD030</code> - Spaces after list markers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>ol</code>, <code>ul</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>list-marker-space</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>ol_multi</code>: Spaces for multi-line ordered list items (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li><li><code>ol_single</code>: Spaces for single-line ordered list items (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li><li><code>ul_multi</code>: Spaces for multi-line unordered list items (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li><li><code>ul_single</code>: Spaces for single-line unordered list items (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule checks for the number of spaces between a list marker (e.g. ‘<code>-</code>’,
‘<code>*</code>’, ‘<code>+</code>’ or ‘<code>1.</code>’) and the text of the list item.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number of spaces checked for depends on the document style in use, but the
default is 1 space after any list marker:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">* Foo
* Bar
* Baz

1. Foo
1. Bar
1. Baz

1. Foo
   * Bar
1. Baz</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A document style may change the number of spaces after unordered list items
and ordered list items independently, as well as based on whether the content
of every item in the list consists of a single paragraph or multiple
paragraphs (including sub-lists and code blocks).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, the style guide at
<a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#spaces-after-list-marker">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#spaces-after-list-marker</a>
specifies that 1 space after the list marker should be used if every item in
the list fits within a single paragraph, but to use 2 or 3 spaces (for ordered
and unordered lists respectively) if there are multiple paragraphs of content
inside the list:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">* Foo
* Bar
* Baz</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>vs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">*   Foo

    Second paragraph

*   Bar</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>or</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">1.  Foo

    Second paragraph

1.  Bar</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, ensure the correct number of spaces are used after the list marker
for your selected document style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: See <a href="Prettier.md">Prettier.md</a> for compatibility information.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md031"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md031---fenced-code-blocks-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD031</code> - Fenced code blocks should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>code</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-fences</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>list_items</code>: Include list items (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when fenced code blocks are either not preceded or not
followed by a blank line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text
```
Code block
```

```
Another code block
```
Some more text</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, ensure that all fenced code blocks have a blank line both before
and after (except where the block is at the beginning or end of the document):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text

```
Code block
```

```
Another code block
```

Some more text</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Set the <code>list_items</code> parameter to <code>false</code> to disable this rule for list items.
Disabling this behavior for lists can be useful if it is necessary to create a
<a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/0.29/#tight">tight</a> list containing a code fence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Aside from aesthetic reasons, some parsers, including kramdown, will
not parse fenced code blocks that don’t have blank lines before and after them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md032"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md032---lists-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD032</code> - Lists should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>bullet</code>, <code>ol</code>, <code>ul</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-lists</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when lists (of any kind) are either not preceded or not
followed by a blank line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text
* List item
* List item

1. List item
2. List item
***</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the first case above, text immediately precedes the unordered list. In the
second case above, a thematic break immediately follows the ordered list. To fix
violations of this rule, ensure that all lists have a blank line both before and
after (except when the list is at the very beginning or end of the document):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text

* List item
* List item

1. List item
2. List item

***</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that the following case is <strong>not</strong> a violation of this rule:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">1. List item
   More item 1
2. List item
More item 2</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Although it is not indented, the text “More item 2” is referred to as a
<a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/0.30/#lazy-continuation-line">lazy continuation line</a> and considered part of the second
list item.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: In addition to aesthetic reasons, some parsers, including kramdown,
will not parse lists that don’t have blank lines before and after them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md033"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md033---inline-html"><code>MD033</code> - Inline HTML</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>html</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-inline-html</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>allowed_elements</code>: Allowed elements (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li><li><code>table_allowed_elements</code>: Allowed elements in tables (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered whenever raw HTML is used in a Markdown document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&lt;h1&gt;Inline HTML heading&lt;/h1&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, use ‘pure’ Markdown instead of including raw HTML:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Markdown heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To allow specific HTML elements anywhere in Markdown content, set the
<code>allowed_elements</code> parameter to a list of HTML element names. To allow a
specific set of HTML elements within Markdown tables, set the
<code>table_allowed_elements</code> parameter to a list of HTML element names. This can be
used to permit the use of <code>&lt;br&gt;</code>-style line breaks only within Markdown tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Raw HTML is allowed in Markdown, but this rule is included for
those who want their documents to only include “pure” Markdown, or for those
who are rendering Markdown documents into something other than HTML.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md034"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md034---bare-url-used"><code>MD034</code> - Bare URL used</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>links</code>, <code>url</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-bare-urls</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered whenever a URL or email address appears without
surrounding angle brackets:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">For more info, visit https://www.example.com/ or email user@example.com.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, add angle brackets around the URL or email address:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">For more info, visit &lt;https://www.example.com/&gt; or email &lt;user@example.com&gt;.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a URL or email address contains non-ASCII characters, it may be not be
handled as intended even when angle brackets are present. In such cases,
<a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding">percent-encoding</a> can be used
to comply with the required syntax for URL and email.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: To include a bare URL or email without it being converted into a link,
wrap it in a code span:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Not a clickable link: `https://www.example.com`</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The following scenario does not trigger this rule because it could be a
shortcut link:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[https://www.example.com]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The following syntax triggers this rule because the nested link could be
a shortcut link (which takes precedence):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[text [shortcut] text](https://example.com)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To avoid this, escape both inner brackets:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[link \[text\] link](https://example.com)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Without angle brackets, a bare URL or email isn’t converted into a
link by some Markdown parsers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md035"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md035---horizontal-rule-style"><code>MD035</code> - Horizontal rule style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>hr</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>hr-style</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>style</code>: Horizontal rule style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when inconsistent styles of horizontal rules (also known
as “thematic breaks”) are used in a document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">---

- - -

***

* * *

****</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, use the same horizontal rule syntax everywhere:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">---

---

---</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>style</code> parameter’s default value <code>consistent</code> ensures all horizontal rules
in a document match the first horizontal rule in that document. To enforce a
specific pattern of characters, set the <code>style</code> parameter to that string (e.g.,
<code>&quot;* * *&quot;</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: In order to be recognized as a horizontal rule, a line must contain three
or more matching <code>-</code>, <code>_</code>, or <code>*</code> characters with optional space between.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md036"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md036---emphasis-used-instead-of-a-heading"><code>MD036</code> - Emphasis used instead of a heading</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code>, <code>headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-emphasis-as-heading</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>punctuation</code>: Punctuation characters (<code>string</code>, default <code>.,;:!?。,;:!?</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This check looks for instances where emphasized (i.e. bold or italic) text is
used to separate sections, where a heading should be used instead:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">**My document**

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...

_Another section_

Consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, use Markdown headings instead of emphasized text to denote
sections:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># My document

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...

## Another section

Consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This rule looks for single-line paragraphs that consist entirely
of emphasized text. It won’t fire on emphasis used within regular text,
multi-line emphasized paragraphs, or paragraphs ending in punctuation
(normal or full-width). Similarly to rule MD026, you can configure what
characters are recognized as punctuation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Using emphasis instead of a heading prevents tools from inferring
the structure of a document. More information:
<a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#emphasis-vs-headers">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#emphasis-vs-headers</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md037"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md037---spaces-inside-emphasis-markers"><code>MD037</code> - Spaces inside emphasis markers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-space-in-emphasis</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when emphasis markers (bold, italic) are used, but they
have spaces between the markers and the text:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Here is some ** bold ** text.

Here is some * italic * text.

Here is some more __ bold __ text.

Here is some more _ italic _ text.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, remove the spaces around the emphasis markers:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Here is some **bold** text.

Here is some *italic* text.

Here is some more __bold__ text.

Here is some more _italic_ text.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Emphasis is only parsed as such when the asterisks/underscores
aren’t surrounded by spaces. This rule attempts to detect where
they were surrounded by spaces, but it appears that emphasized text was
intended by the author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md038"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md038---spaces-inside-code-span-elements"><code>MD038</code> - Spaces inside code span elements</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>code</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-space-in-code</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered for code spans containing content with unnecessary space
next to the beginning or ending backticks:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">`some text `

` some text`

`   some text   `</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, remove the extra space characters from the beginning and ending:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">`some text`</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: A single leading <em>and</em> trailing space is allowed by the specification and
trimmed by the parser to support code spans that begin or end with a backtick:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">`` `backticks` ``

`` backtick` ``</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: When single-space padding is present in the input, it will be preserved
(even if unnecessary):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">` code `</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Code spans containing only spaces are allowed by the specification and are
also preserved:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">` `

`   `</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule are usually unintentional and can lead to
improperly-rendered content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md039"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md039---spaces-inside-link-text"><code>MD039</code> - Spaces inside link text</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>links</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-space-in-links</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered on links that have spaces surrounding the link text:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[ a link ](https://www.example.com/)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, remove the spaces surrounding the link text:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[a link](https://www.example.com/)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md040"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md040---fenced-code-blocks-should-have-a-language-specified"><code>MD040</code> - Fenced code blocks should have a language specified</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>code</code>, <code>language</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>fenced-code-language</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>allowed_languages</code>: List of languages (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li><li><code>language_only</code>: Require language only (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when fenced code blocks are used, but a language isn’t
specified:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```
#!/bin/bash
echo Hello world
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, add a language specifier to the code block:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```bash
#!/bin/bash
echo Hello world
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To display a code block without syntax highlighting, use:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```text
Plain text in a code block
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can configure the <code>allowed_languages</code> parameter to specify a list of
languages code blocks could use. Languages are case sensitive. The default value
is <code>[]</code> which means any language specifier is valid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can prevent extra data from being present in the info string of fenced code
blocks. To do so, set the <code>language_only</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line no-space-in-code -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Info strings with leading/trailing whitespace (ex: <code>js </code>) or other content (ex:
<code>ruby startline=3</code>) will trigger this rule.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Specifying a language improves content rendering by using the
correct syntax highlighting for code. More information:
<a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#option-code-fenced">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#option-code-fenced</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md041"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md041---first-line-in-a-file-should-be-a-top-level-heading"><code>MD041</code> - First line in a file should be a top-level heading</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>first-line-h1</code>, <code>first-line-heading</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>allow_preamble</code>: Allow content before first heading (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li><li><code>front_matter_title</code>: RegExp for matching title in front matter (<code>string</code>, default <code>^\s*title\s*[:=]</code>)</li><li><code>level</code>: Heading level (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is intended to ensure documents have a title and is triggered when
the first line in a document is not a top-level (<a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML">HTML</a> <code>h1</code>) heading:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">This is a document without a heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this, add a top-level heading to the beginning of the document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Document Heading

This is a document with a top-level heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because it is common for projects on GitHub to use an image for the heading of
<code>README.md</code> and that pattern is not well-supported by Markdown, HTML headings
are also permitted by this rule. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&lt;h1 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://placekitten.com/300/150&quot;/&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;

This is a document with a top-level HTML heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In some cases, a document’s title heading may be preceded by text like a table
of contents. This is not ideal for accessibility, but can be allowed by setting
the <code>allow_preamble</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">This is a document with preamble text

# Document Heading</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is present and contains a <code>title</code> property
(commonly used with blog posts), this rule will not report a violation. To use a
different property name in the front matter, specify the text of a <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_expressions">regular
expression</a> via the <code>front_matter_title</code> parameter. To disable the use
of front matter by this rule, specify <code>&quot;&quot;</code> for <code>front_matter_title</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>level</code> parameter can be used to change the top-level heading (ex: to <code>h2</code>)
in cases where an <code>h1</code> is added externally.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: The top-level heading often acts as the title of a document. More
information: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#top-level-header">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#top-level-header</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md042"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md042---no-empty-links"><code>MD042</code> - No empty links</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>links</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-empty-links</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when an empty link is encountered:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[an empty link]()</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix the violation, provide a destination for the link:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[a valid link](https://example.com/)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Empty fragments will trigger this rule:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[an empty fragment](#)

[an empty link definition][empty]

[empty]: #</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But non-empty fragments will not:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[a valid fragment](#fragment)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Empty link definitions</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Empty links do not lead anywhere and therefore don’t function as
links.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md043"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md043---required-heading-structure"><code>MD043</code> - Required heading structure</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>required-headings</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>headings</code>: List of headings (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li><li><code>match_case</code>: Match case of headings (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when the headings in a file do not match the array of
headings passed to the rule. It can be used to enforce a standard heading
structure for a set of files.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To require exactly the following structure:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading
## Item
### Detail</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Set the <code>headings</code> parameter to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"json"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-json">[
    &quot;# Heading&quot;,
    &quot;## Item&quot;,
    &quot;### Detail&quot;
]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To allow optional headings as with the following structure:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading
## Item
### Detail (optional)
## Foot
### Notes (optional)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use the special value <code>&quot;*&quot;</code> meaning “zero or more unspecified headings” or the
special value <code>&quot;+&quot;</code> meaning “one or more unspecified headings” and set the
<code>headings</code> parameter to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"json"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-json">[
    &quot;# Heading&quot;,
    &quot;## Item&quot;,
    &quot;*&quot;,
    &quot;## Foot&quot;,
    &quot;*&quot;
]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To allow a single required heading to vary as with a project name:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Project Name
## Description
## Examples</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use the special value <code>&quot;?&quot;</code> meaning “exactly one unspecified heading”:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"json"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-json">[
    &quot;?&quot;,
    &quot;## Description&quot;,
    &quot;## Examples&quot;
]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When an error is detected, this rule outputs the line number of the first
problematic heading (otherwise, it outputs the last line number of the file).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that while the <code>headings</code> parameter uses the “## Text” ATX heading style
for simplicity, a file may use any supported heading style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, the case of headings in the document is not required to match that
of <code>headings</code>. To require that case match exactly, set the <code>match_case</code>
parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Projects may wish to enforce a consistent document structure across
a set of similar content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md044"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md044---proper-names-should-have-the-correct-capitalization"><code>MD044</code> - Proper names should have the correct capitalization</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>spelling</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>proper-names</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>html_elements</code>: Include HTML elements (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>names</code>: List of proper names (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when any of the strings in the <code>names</code> array do not have
the specified capitalization. It can be used to enforce a standard letter case
for the names of projects and products.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, the language “JavaScript” is usually written with both the ‘J’ and
‘S’ capitalized - though sometimes the ‘s’ or ‘j’ appear in lower-case. To
enforce the proper capitalization, specify the desired letter case in the
<code>names</code> array:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"json"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-json">[
    &quot;JavaScript&quot;
]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sometimes a proper name is capitalized differently in certain contexts. In such
cases, add both forms to the <code>names</code> array:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"json"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-json">[
    &quot;GitHub&quot;,
    &quot;github.com&quot;
]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Set the <code>code_blocks</code> parameter to <code>false</code> to disable this rule for code blocks
and spans. Set the <code>html_elements</code> parameter to <code>false</code> to disable this rule
for HTML elements and attributes (such as when using a proper name as part of
a path for <code>a</code>/<code>href</code> or <code>img</code>/<code>src</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Incorrect capitalization of proper names is usually a mistake.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md045"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md045---images-should-have-alternate-text-alt-text"><code>MD045</code> - Images should have alternate text (alt text)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>accessibility</code>, <code>images</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>no-alt-text</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule reports a violation when an image is missing alternate text (alt text)
information.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alternate text is commonly specified inline as:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">![Alternate text](image.jpg)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Or with reference syntax as:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">![Alternate text][ref]

...

[ref]: image.jpg &quot;Optional title&quot;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Or with HTML as:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"html"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-html">&lt;img src=&quot;image.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Alternate text&quot; /&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: If the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Attributes/aria-hidden">HTML <code>aria-hidden</code> attribute</a> is used to hide the
image from assistive technology, this rule does not report a violation:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"html"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-html">&lt;img src=&quot;image.jpg&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; /&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Guidance for writing alternate text is available from the <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/alt/">W3C</a>,
<a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt_attribute">Wikipedia</a>, and <a href="https://www.phase2technology.com/blog/no-more-excuses">other locations</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Alternate text is important for accessibility and describes the
content of an image for people who may not be able to see it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md046"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md046---code-block-style"><code>MD046</code> - Code block style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>code</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>code-block-style</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>style</code>: Block style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>consistent</code> / <code>fenced</code> / <code>indented</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when unwanted or different code block styles are used in
the same document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the default configuration this rule reports a violation for the following
document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable code-block-style -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Some text.

    # Indented code

More text.

```ruby
# Fenced code
```

More text.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix violations of this rule, use a consistent style (either indenting or code
fences).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The configured code block style can be specific (<code>fenced</code>, <code>indented</code>) or can
require all code blocks match the first code block (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md047"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md047---files-should-end-with-a-single-newline-character"><code>MD047</code> - Files should end with a single newline character</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>single-trailing-newline</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when there is not a single newline character at the end
of a file.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An example that triggers the rule:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading

This file ends without a newline.[EOF]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix the violation, add a newline character to the end of the file:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading

This file ends with a newline.
[EOF]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Some programs have trouble with files that do not end with a newline.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>More information: <a href="https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/18743/whats-the-point-in-adding-a-new-line-to-the-end-of-a-file">What’s the point in adding a new line to the end of a
file?</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md048"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md048---code-fence-style"><code>MD048</code> - Code fence style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>code</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>code-fence-style</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>style</code>: Code fence style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>backtick</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>tilde</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for fenced code
blocks do not match the configured code fence style:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```ruby
# Fenced code
```

~~~ruby
# Fenced code
~~~</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured code fence style throughout the
document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```ruby
# Fenced code
```

```ruby
# Fenced code
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The configured code fence style can be a specific symbol to use (<code>backtick</code>,
<code>tilde</code>) or it can require all code fences match the first code fence
(<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md049"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md049---emphasis-style"><code>MD049</code> - Emphasis style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>emphasis-style</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>style</code>: Emphasis style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>asterisk</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>underscore</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for emphasis do not
match the configured emphasis style:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">*Text*
_Text_</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured emphasis style throughout the document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">*Text*
*Text*</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The configured emphasis style can be a specific symbol to use (<code>asterisk</code>,
<code>underscore</code>) or can require all emphasis matches the first emphasis
(<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Emphasis within a word is restricted to <code>asterisk</code> in order to avoid
unwanted emphasis for words containing internal underscores like_this_one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md050"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md050---strong-style"><code>MD050</code> - Strong style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>strong-style</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>style</code>: Strong style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>asterisk</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>underscore</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for strong do not
match the configured strong style:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">**Text**
__Text__</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured strong style throughout the document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">**Text**
**Text**</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The configured strong style can be a specific symbol to use (<code>asterisk</code>,
<code>underscore</code>) or can require all strong matches the first strong (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Emphasis within a word is restricted to <code>asterisk</code> in order to avoid
unwanted emphasis for words containing internal underscores like__this__one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md051"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md051---link-fragments-should-be-valid"><code>MD051</code> - Link fragments should be valid</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>links</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>link-fragments</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>ignore_case</code>: Ignore case of fragments (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li><li><code>ignored_pattern</code>: Pattern for ignoring additional fragments (<code>string</code>, default ``)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when a link fragment does not match any of the fragments
that are automatically generated for headings in a document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading Name

[Link](#fragment)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix this issue, change the link fragment to reference an existing heading’s
generated name (see below):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading Name

[Link](#heading-name)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For consistency, this rule requires fragments to exactly match the <a href="https://github.com/gjtorikian/html-pipeline/blob/f13a1534cb650ba17af400d1acd3a22c28004c09/lib/html/pipeline/toc_filter.rb">GitHub
heading algorithm</a> which converts letters to
lowercase. Therefore, the following example is reported as a violation:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading Name

[Link](#Heading-Name)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To ignore case when comparing fragments with heading names, the <code>ignore_case</code>
parameter can be set to <code>true</code>. In this configuration, the previous example is
not reported as a violation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alternatively, some platforms allow the syntax <code>{#named-anchor}</code> to be used
within a heading to provide a specific name (consisting of only lower-case
letters, numbers, <code>-</code>, and <code>_</code>):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># Heading Name {#custom-name}

[Link](#custom-name)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alternatively, any HTML tag with an <code>id</code> attribute or an <code>a</code> tag with a <code>name</code>
attribute can be used to define a fragment:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&lt;a id=&quot;bookmark&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

[Link](#bookmark)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An <code>a</code> tag can be useful in scenarios where a heading is not appropriate or for
control over the text of the fragment identifier.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#scrolling-to-a-fragment">HTML links to <code>#top</code> scroll to the top of a document</a>. This
rule allows that syntax (using lower-case for consistency):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[Link](#top)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule also recognizes the custom fragment syntax used by GitHub to highlight
<a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/creating-a-permanent-link-to-a-code-snippet#linking-to-markdown">specific content in a document</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, this link to line 20:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[Link](#L20)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And this link to content starting within line 19 running into line 21:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[Link](#L19C5-L21C11)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some Markdown generators dynamically create and insert headings when building
documents, for example by combining a fixed prefix like <code>figure-</code> and an
incrementing numeric counter. To ignore such generated fragments, set the
<code>ignored_pattern</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_expressions">regular expression</a> parameter to a pattern that
matches (e.g., <code>^figure-</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax#section-links">GitHub section links</a> are created
automatically for every heading when Markdown content is displayed on GitHub.
This makes it easy to link directly to different sections within a document.
However, section links change if headings are renamed or removed. This rule
helps identify broken section links within a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Section links are <strong>not</strong> part of the CommonMark specification; this rule
enforces the <a href="https://github.com/gjtorikian/html-pipeline/blob/f13a1534cb650ba17af400d1acd3a22c28004c09/lib/html/pipeline/toc_filter.rb">GitHub heading algorithm</a>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Convert text to lowercase</li><li>Remove punctuation characters</li><li>Convert spaces to dashes</li><li>Append an incrementing integer (as needed for uniqueness)</li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/encodeURIComponent">URI-encode</a> the result</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md052"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md052---reference-links-and-images-should-use-a-label-that-is-defined"><code>MD052</code> - Reference links and images should use a label that is defined</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>images</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>reference-links-images</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>ignored_labels</code>: Ignored link labels (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[&quot;x&quot;]</code>)</li><li><code>shortcut_syntax</code>: Include shortcut syntax (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Links and images in Markdown can provide the link destination or image source
at the time of use or can define it elsewhere and use a label for reference.
The reference format is convenient for keeping paragraph text clutter-free
and makes it easy to reuse the same URL in multiple places.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are three kinds of reference links and images:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Full: [text][label]
Collapsed: [label][]
Shortcut: [label]

Full: ![text][image]
Collapsed: ![image][]
Shortcut: ![image]

[label]: https://example.com/label
[image]: https://example.com/image</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A link or image renders correctly when the corresponding label is defined, but
displays as text with brackets when the label is not present. By default, this
rule warns of undefined labels for “full” and “collapsed” reference syntax but
not for “shortcut” syntax because it is ambiguous.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text <code>[example]</code> could be a shortcut link or the text “example” in brackets,
so “shortcut” syntax is ignored by default. To include “shortcut” syntax, set
the <code>include_shortcut</code> parameter to <code>true</code>. Note that doing so produces warnings
for <em>all</em> text in the document that <em>could</em> be a shortcut. If bracketed text is
intentional, brackets can be escaped with the <code>\</code> character: <code>\[example\]</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If there are link labels that are deliberately unreferenced, they can be ignored
by setting the <code>ignored_labels</code> parameter to the list of strings to ignore. The
default value of this parameter ignores the checkbox syntax used by
<a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/#task-list-items-extension-">GitHub Flavored Markdown task list items</a>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- [x] Checked task list item</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md053"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md053---link-and-image-reference-definitions-should-be-needed"><code>MD053</code> - Link and image reference definitions should be needed</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>images</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>link-image-reference-definitions</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>ignored_definitions</code>: Ignored definitions (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[&quot;//&quot;]</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Links and images in Markdown can provide the link destination or image source
at the time of use or can use a label to reference a definition elsewhere in
the document. The latter reference format is convenient for keeping paragraph
text clutter-free and makes it easy to reuse the same URL in multiple places.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because link and image reference definitions are located separately from
where they are used, there are two scenarios where a definition can be
unnecessary:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>If a label is not referenced by any link or image in a document, that definition is unused and can be deleted.</li><li>If a label is defined multiple times in a document, the first definition is used and the others can be deleted.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule considers a reference definition to be used if any link or image
reference has the corresponding label. The “full”, “collapsed”, and “shortcut”
formats are all supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If there are reference definitions that are deliberately unreferenced, they can
be ignored by setting the <code>ignored_definitions</code> parameter to the list of strings
to ignore. The default value of this parameter ignores the following convention
for adding non-HTML comments to Markdown:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[//]: # (This behaves like a comment)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md054"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md054---link-and-image-style"><code>MD054</code> - Link and image style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>images</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>link-image-style</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>autolink</code>: Allow autolinks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>collapsed</code>: Allow collapsed reference links and images (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>full</code>: Allow full reference links and images (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>inline</code>: Allow inline links and images (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>shortcut</code>: Allow shortcut reference links and images (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>url_inline</code>: Allow URLs as inline links (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Links and images in Markdown can provide the link destination or image source at
the time of use or can use a label to reference a definition elsewhere in the
document. The three reference formats are convenient for keeping paragraph text
clutter-free and make it easy to reuse the same URL in multiple places.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, this rule allows all link/image styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Setting the <code>autolink</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables autolinks:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&lt;https://example.com&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Setting the <code>inline</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables inline links and images:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[link](https://example.com)

![image](https://example.com)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Setting the <code>full</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables full reference links and
images:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[link][url]

![image][url]

[url]: https://example.com</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Setting the <code>collapsed</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables collapsed reference links
and images:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[url][]

![url][]

[url]: https://example.com</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Setting the <code>shortcut</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables shortcut reference links
and images:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[url]

![url]

[url]: https://example.com</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix violations of this rule, change the link or image to use an allowed
style. This rule can automatically fix violations when a link or image can be
converted to the <code>inline</code> style (preferred) or a link can be converted to the
<code>autolink</code> style (which does not support images and must be an absolute URL).
This rule does <em>not</em> fix scenarios that require converting a link or image to
the <code>full</code>, <code>collapsed</code>, or <code>shortcut</code> reference styles because that involves
naming the reference and determining where to insert it in the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Setting the <code>url_inline</code> parameter to <code>false</code> prevents the use of inline links
with the same absolute URL text/destination and no title because such links can
be converted to autolinks:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[https://example.com](https://example.com)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix <code>url_inline</code> violations, use the simpler autolink syntax instead:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&lt;https://example.com&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.
Autolinks are concise, but appear as URLs which can be long and confusing.
Inline links and images can include descriptive text, but take up more space in
Markdown form. Reference links and images can be easier to read and manipulate
in Markdown form, but require a separate link reference definition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md055"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md055---table-pipe-style"><code>MD055</code> - Table pipe style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>table-pipe-style</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>style</code>: Table pipe style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>consistent</code> / <code>leading_and_trailing</code> / <code>leading_only</code> / <code>no_leading_or_trailing</code> / <code>trailing_only</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when a <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-tables">GitHub Flavored Markdown table</a>
is inconsistent about its use of leading and trailing pipe characters (<code>|</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default (<code>consistent</code> style), the header row of the first table in a document
is used to determine the style that is enforced for every table in the document.
A specific style can be used instead (<code>leading_and_trailing</code>, <code>leading_only</code>,
<code>no_leading_or_trailing</code>, <code>trailing_only</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This table’s header row has leading and trailing pipes, but its delimiter row is
missing the trailing pipe and its first row of cells is missing the leading
pipe:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------
  Cell   | Cell   |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix these issues, make sure there is a pipe character at the beginning and
end of every row:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that text immediately following a table (i.e., not separated by an empty
line) is treated as part of the table (per the specification) and may also
trigger this rule:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |
This text is part of the table</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Some parsers have difficulty with tables that are missing their
leading or trailing pipe characters. The use of leading/trailing pipes can also
help provide visual clarity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md056"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md056---table-column-count"><code>MD056</code> - Table column count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>table-column-count</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when a <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-tables">GitHub Flavored Markdown table</a>
does not have the same number of cells in every row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This table’s second data row has too few cells and its third data row has too
many cells:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |
| Cell   |
| Cell   | Cell   | Cell   |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix these issues, ensure every row has the same number of cells:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |
| Cell   | Cell   |
| Cell   | Cell   |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that a table’s header row and its delimiter row must have the same number
of cells or it will not be recognized as a table (per specification).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Extra cells in a row are usually not shown, so their data is lost.
Missing cells in a row create holes in the table and suggest an omission.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md058"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md058---tables-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD058</code> - Tables should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-tables</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when tables are either not preceded or not followed by a
blank line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text
| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |
&gt; Blockquote</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fix violations of this rule, ensure that all tables have a blank line both
before and after (except when the table is at the very beginning or end of the
document):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Some text

| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |

&gt; Blockquote</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that text immediately following a table (i.e., not separated by an empty
line) is treated as part of the table (per the specification) and will not
trigger this rule:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |
This text is part of the table and the next line is blank

Some text</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: In addition to aesthetic reasons, some parsers will incorrectly parse
tables that don’t have blank lines before and after them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md059"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md059---link-text-should-be-descriptive"><code>MD059</code> - Link text should be descriptive</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>accessibility</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>descriptive-link-text</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>prohibited_texts</code>: Prohibited link texts (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[&quot;click here&quot;,&quot;here&quot;,&quot;link&quot;,&quot;more&quot;]</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when a link has generic text like <code>[click here](...)</code> or
<code>[link](...)</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Link text should be descriptive and communicate the purpose of the link (e.g.,
<code>[Download the budget document](...)</code> or <code>[CommonMark Specification](...)</code>).
This is especially important for screen readers which sometimes present links
without context.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, this rule prohibits a small number of common English words/phrases.
To customize that list of words/phrases, set the <code>prohibited_texts</code> parameter to
an <code>Array</code> of <code>string</code>s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: For languages other than English, use the <code>prohibited_texts</code> parameter to
customize the list for that language. It is <em>not</em> a goal for this rule to have
translations for every language.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This rule checks Markdown links; HTML links are ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>More information:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="https://webaim.org/techniques/hypertext/">https://webaim.org/techniques/hypertext/</a></li><li><a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/link-purpose-link-only.html">https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/link-purpose-link-only.html</a></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a name="md060"></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="md060---table-column-style"><code>MD060</code> - Table column style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aliases: <code>table-column-style</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>aligned_delimiter</code>: Aligned delimiter columns (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li><li><code>style</code>: Table column style (<code>string</code>, default <code>any</code>, values <code>aligned</code> / <code>any</code> / <code>compact</code> / <code>tight</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is triggered when the column separator pipe characters (<code>|</code>) of a
<a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-tables">GitHub Flavored Markdown table</a> are used inconsistently.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule recognizes three table column styles based on popular use.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Style <code>aligned</code> ensures pipe characters are vertically aligned:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Character | Meaning |
| --------- | ------- |
| Y         | Yes     |
| N         | No      |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>aligned</code> style ignores cell content, so the following is also valid:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Character | Meaning |
|-----------|---------|
|     Y     |     Yes |
|     N     |      No |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Style <code>compact</code> avoids extra padding with a single space around cell content:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Character | Meaning |
| --- | --- |
| Y | Yes |
| N | No |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Style <code>tight</code> uses no padding at all for cell content:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">|Character|Meaning|
|---|---|
|Y|Yes|
|N|No|</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When this rule’s <code>style</code> parameter is set to <code>aligned</code>, <code>compact</code>, or <code>tight</code>,
every table must match the corresponding pattern and any violations will be
reported. By default, or when the <code>any</code> style is used, each table is analyzed to
see if it satisfies any supported style. If so, no violations are reported. If
not, violations are be reported for whichever style would produce the <em>fewest</em>
issues (i.e., whichever style is the closest match).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Setting the <code>aligned_delimiter</code> parameter to <code>true</code> requires pipe characters in
the delimiter row to align with those in the header row. This can be used with
<code>compact</code> and <code>tight</code> tables to make the header text more obvious. (It’s already
required for tables with style <code>aligned</code>.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Style <code>compact</code> with <code>aligned_delimiter</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Character | Meaning |
| --------- | ------- |
| Y | Yes |
| N | No |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Style <code>tight</code> with <code>aligned_delimiter</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">|Character|Meaning|
|---------|-------|
|Y|Yes|
|N|No|</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Violations for styles <code>compact</code> and <code>tight</code> are simple/independent and can be
fixed automatically. However, fixing even single violations for style <code>aligned</code>
may require modifying the entire table, and therefore are not automatic:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">|Alpha |Delta|
|------|-----|
|Charlie|Beta|</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Note</strong>: This rule does not require leading/trailing pipe characters, so this
is also a valid table for style <code>compact</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Character | Meaning
--- | ---
Y | Yes
N | No</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Note</strong>: Pipe alignment for the <code>aligned</code> style is based on visual appearance
and not character count. Because editors typically render <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoji">emoji</a> and
<a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/CJK_characters">CJK characters</a> at <em>twice</em> the width of
<a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_script">Latin characters</a>, this rule takes that into account for tables
using the <code>aligned</code> style. The following table is correctly formatted and will
appear aligned in most editors and monospaced fonts:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-capture -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable extended-ascii -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Response | Emoji |
| -------- | ----- |
| Yes      | ✅    |
| No       | ❎    |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-configure-file {
  "no-inline-html": {
    "allowed_elements": [
      "a"
    ]
  }
} -->
<!-- /wp:html -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="rules">Rules</h1>
<p>This document contains a description of all rules, what they are checking for, as well as examples of documents that break the rule and corrected versions of the examples.</p>
<p><a name="md001"></a></p>
<h2 id="md001---heading-levels-should-only-increment-by-one-level-at-a-time"><code>MD001</code> - Heading levels should only increment by one level at a time</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>heading-increment</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>front_matter_title</code>: RegExp for matching title in front matter (<code>string</code>, default <code>^\s*title\s*[:=]</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when you skip heading levels in a Markdown document, for example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading 1

### Heading 3

We skipped out a 2nd level heading in this document</code></pre>
<p>When using multiple heading levels, nested headings should increase by only one level at a time:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading 1

## Heading 2

### Heading 3

#### Heading 4

## Another Heading 2

### Another Heading 3</code></pre>
<p>If <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is present and contains a <code>title</code> property (commonly used with blog posts), this rule treats that as a top level heading and will report a violation if the actual first heading is not a level 2 heading. To use a different property name in the front matter, specify the text of a regular expression via the <code>front_matter_title</code> parameter. To disable the use of front matter by this rule, specify <code>&quot;&quot;</code> for <code>front_matter_title</code>. When front matter is not present, the first heading can be any level.</p>
<p>Rationale: Headings represent the structure of a document and can be confusing when skipped - especially for accessibility scenarios. More information: <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/page-structure/headings/" class="uri">https://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/page-structure/headings/</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md003"></a></p>
<h2 id="md003---heading-style"><code>MD003</code> - Heading style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>heading-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Heading style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>atx</code> / <code>atx_closed</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>setext</code> / <code>setext_with_atx</code> / <code>setext_with_atx_closed</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when different heading styles are used in the same document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># ATX style H1

## Closed ATX style H2 ##

Setext style H1
===============</code></pre>
<p>To fix the issue, use consistent heading styles throughout the document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># ATX style H1

## ATX style H2</code></pre>
<p>The <code>setext_with_atx</code> and <code>setext_with_atx_closed</code> settings allow ATX-style headings of level 3 or more in documents with setext-style headings (which only support level 1 and 2 headings):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Setext style H1
===============

Setext style H2
---------------

### ATX style H3</code></pre>
<p>Note: The configured heading style can be a specific style to require (<code>atx</code>, <code>atx_closed</code>, <code>setext</code>, <code>setext_with_atx</code>, <code>setext_with_atx_closed</code>), or can require that all heading styles match the first heading style via <code>consistent</code>.</p>
<p>Note: The placement of a horizontal rule directly below a line of text can trigger this rule by turning that text into a level 2 setext-style heading:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>A line of text followed by a horizontal rule becomes a heading
---</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<p><a name="md004"></a></p>
<h2 id="md004---unordered-list-style"><code>MD004</code> - Unordered list style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>bullet</code>, <code>ul</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>ul-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: List style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>asterisk</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>dash</code> / <code>plus</code> / <code>sublist</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for unordered list items do not match the configured unordered list style:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>* Item 1
+ Item 2
- Item 3</code></pre>
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured style for list items throughout the document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>* Item 1
* Item 2
* Item 3</code></pre>
<p>The configured list style can ensure all list styling is a specific symbol (<code>asterisk</code>, <code>plus</code>, <code>dash</code>), ensure each sublist has a consistent symbol that differs from its parent list (<code>sublist</code>), or ensure all list styles match the first list style (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<p>For example, the following is valid for the <code>sublist</code> style because the outer-most indent uses asterisk, the middle indent uses plus, and the inner-most indent uses dash:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>* Item 1
  + Item 2
    - Item 3
  + Item 4
* Item 4
  + Item 5</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<p><a name="md005"></a></p>
<h2 id="md005---inconsistent-indentation-for-list-items-at-the-same-level"><code>MD005</code> - Inconsistent indentation for list items at the same level</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>bullet</code>, <code>indentation</code>, <code>ul</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>list-indent</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when list items are parsed as being at the same level, but don’t have the same indentation:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>* Item 1
  * Nested Item 1
  * Nested Item 2
   * A misaligned item</code></pre>
<p>Usually, this rule will be triggered because of a typo. Correct the indentation for the list to fix it:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>* Item 1
  * Nested Item 1
  * Nested Item 2
  * Nested Item 3</code></pre>
<p>Sequentially-ordered list markers are usually left-aligned such that all items have the same starting column:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>...
8. Item
9. Item
10. Item
11. Item
...</code></pre>
<p>This rule also supports right-alignment of list markers such that all items have the same ending column:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>...
 8. Item
 9. Item
10. Item
11. Item
...</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered content.</p>
<p><a name="md007"></a></p>
<h2 id="md007---unordered-list-indentation"><code>MD007</code> - Unordered list indentation</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>bullet</code>, <code>indentation</code>, <code>ul</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>ul-indent</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>indent</code>: Spaces for indent (<code>integer</code>, default <code>2</code>)</li>
<li><code>start_indent</code>: Spaces for first level indent (when start_indented is set) (<code>integer</code>, default <code>2</code>)</li>
<li><code>start_indented</code>: Whether to indent the first level of the list (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when list items are not indented by the configured number of spaces (default: 2).</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>* List item
   * Nested list item indented by 3 spaces</code></pre>
<p>Corrected Example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>* List item
  * Nested list item indented by 2 spaces</code></pre>
<p>Note: This rule applies to a sublist only if its parent lists are all also unordered (otherwise, extra indentation of ordered lists interferes with the rule).</p>
<p>The <code>start_indented</code> parameter allows the first level of lists to be indented by the configured number of spaces rather than starting at zero. The <code>start_indent</code> parameter allows the first level of lists to be indented by a different number of spaces than the rest (ignored when <code>start_indented</code> is not set).</p>
<p>Rationale: Indenting by 2 spaces allows the content of a nested list to be in line with the start of the content of the parent list when a single space is used after the list marker. Indenting by 4 spaces is consistent with code blocks and simpler for editors to implement. Additionally, this can be a compatibility issue for other Markdown parsers, which require 4-space indents. More information: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#indentation-of-content-inside-lists">Markdown Style Guide</a>.</p>
<p>Note: See <a href="Prettier.md">Prettier.md</a> for compatibility information.</p>
<p><a name="md009"></a></p>
<h2 id="md009---trailing-spaces"><code>MD009</code> - Trailing spaces</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-trailing-spaces</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>br_spaces</code>: Spaces for line break (<code>integer</code>, default <code>2</code>)</li>
<li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>list_item_empty_lines</code>: Allow spaces for empty lines in list items (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>strict</code>: Include unnecessary breaks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered on any lines that end with unexpected whitespace. To fix this, remove the trailing space from the end of the line.</p>
<p>The <code>br_spaces</code> parameter allows an exception to this rule for a specific number of trailing spaces, typically used to insert an explicit line break. The default value allows 2 spaces to indicate a hard break (&lt;br&gt; element). (You must set <code>br_spaces</code> to a value &gt;= 2 for this parameter to take effect. Setting <code>br_spaces</code> to 1 behaves the same as 0, disallowing any trailing spaces.)</p>
<p>By default, trailing space is allowed in indented and fenced code blocks because some programming languages require that. To report such instances, set the <code>code_blocks</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<p>By default, this rule will not trigger when the allowed number of spaces is used, even when it doesn’t create a hard break (for example, at the end of a paragraph). To report such instances, set the <code>strict</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Text text text
text[2 spaces]</code></pre>
<p>Using spaces to indent blank lines inside a list item is usually not necessary, but some parsers require it. Set the <code>list_item_empty_lines</code> parameter to <code>true</code> to allow this (even when <code>strict</code> is <code>true</code>):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>- list item text
  [2 spaces]
  list item text</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Except when being used to create a line break, trailing whitespace has no purpose and does not affect the rendering of content.</p>
<p><a name="md010"></a></p>
<h2 id="md010---hard-tabs"><code>MD010</code> - Hard tabs</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>hard_tab</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-hard-tabs</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>ignore_code_languages</code>: Fenced code languages to ignore (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li>
<li><code>spaces_per_tab</code>: Number of spaces for each hard tab (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered by any lines that contain hard tab characters instead of using spaces for indentation. To fix this, replace any hard tab characters with spaces instead.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable no-hard-tabs -->
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text

	* hard tab character used to indent the list item</code></pre>
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<p>Corrected example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text

    * Spaces used to indent the list item instead</code></pre>
<p>You have the option to exclude this rule for code blocks and spans. To do so, set the <code>code_blocks</code> parameter to <code>false</code>. Code blocks and spans are included by default since handling of tabs by Markdown tools can be inconsistent (e.g., using 4 vs. 8 spaces).</p>
<p>When code blocks are scanned (e.g., by default or if <code>code_blocks</code> is <code>true</code>), the <code>ignore_code_languages</code> parameter can be set to a list of languages that should be ignored (i.e., hard tabs will be allowed, though not required). This makes it easier for documents to include code for languages that require hard tabs.</p>
<p>By default, violations of this rule are fixed by replacing the tab with 1 space character. To use a different number of spaces, set the <code>spaces_per_tab</code> parameter to the desired value.</p>
<p>Rationale: Hard tabs are often rendered inconsistently by different editors and can be harder to work with than spaces.</p>
<p>More information:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://agiletribe.wordpress.com/2011/10/27/18-dont-use-tab-characters/" class="uri">https://agiletribe.wordpress.com/2011/10/27/18-dont-use-tab-characters/</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.jwz.org/doc/tabs-vs-spaces.html" class="uri">https://www.jwz.org/doc/tabs-vs-spaces.html</a></li>
<li><a href="https://adamspiers.org/computing/why_no_tabs.html" class="uri">https://adamspiers.org/computing/why_no_tabs.html</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a name="md011"></a></p>
<h2 id="md011---reversed-link-syntax"><code>MD011</code> - Reversed link syntax</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-reversed-links</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when text that appears to be a link is encountered, but where the syntax appears to have been reversed (the <code>[]</code> and <code>()</code> are reversed):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>(Incorrect link syntax)[https://www.example.com/]</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, swap the <code>[]</code> and <code>()</code> around:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[Correct link syntax](https://www.example.com/)</code></pre>
<p>Note: <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown_Extra">Markdown Extra</a>-style footnotes do not trigger this rule:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>For (example)[^1]</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Reversed links are not rendered as usable links.</p>
<p><a name="md012"></a></p>
<h2 id="md012---multiple-consecutive-blank-lines"><code>MD012</code> - Multiple consecutive blank lines</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-blanks</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>maximum</code>: Consecutive blank lines (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when there are multiple consecutive blank lines in the document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text here


Some more text here</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, delete the offending lines:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text here

Some more text here</code></pre>
<p>Note: this rule will not be triggered if there are multiple consecutive blank lines inside code blocks.</p>
<p>Note: The <code>maximum</code> parameter can be used to configure the maximum number of consecutive blank lines.</p>
<p>Rationale: Except in a code block, blank lines serve no purpose and do not affect the rendering of content.</p>
<p><a name="md013"></a></p>
<h2 id="md013---line-length"><code>MD013</code> - Line length</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>line_length</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>line-length</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>code_block_line_length</code>: Number of characters for code blocks (<code>integer</code>, default <code>80</code>)</li>
<li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>heading_line_length</code>: Number of characters for headings (<code>integer</code>, default <code>80</code>)</li>
<li><code>headings</code>: Include headings (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>line_length</code>: Number of characters (<code>integer</code>, default <code>80</code>)</li>
<li><code>stern</code>: Stern length checking (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>strict</code>: Strict length checking (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>tables</code>: Include tables (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when there are lines that are longer than the configured <code>line_length</code> (default: 80 characters). To fix this, split the line up into multiple lines. To set a different maximum length for headings, use <code>heading_line_length</code>. To set a different maximum length for code blocks, use <code>code_block_line_length</code></p>
<p>This rule has an exception when there is no whitespace beyond the configured line length. This allows you to include items such as long URLs without being forced to break them in the middle. To disable this exception, set the <code>strict</code> parameter to <code>true</code> and an issue will be reported when any line is too long. To warn for lines that are too long and could be fixed but allow long lines without spaces, set the <code>stern</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<p>For example (assuming normal behavior):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>IF THIS LINE IS THE MAXIMUM LENGTH
This line is okay because there are-no-spaces-beyond-that-length
This line is a violation because there are spaces beyond that length
This-line-is-okay-because-there-are-no-spaces-anywhere-within</code></pre>
<p>In <code>strict</code> mode, the last three lines above are all violations. In <code>stern</code> mode, the middle two lines above are both violations, but the last is okay.</p>
<p>You have the option to exclude this rule for code blocks, tables, or headings. To do so, set the <code>code_blocks</code>, <code>tables</code>, or <code>headings</code> parameter(s) to false.</p>
<p>Code blocks are included in this rule by default since it is often a requirement for document readability, and tentatively compatible with code rules. Still, some languages do not lend themselves to short lines.</p>
<p>Lines with link/image reference definitions and standalone lines (i.e., not part of a paragraph) with only a link/image (possibly using (strong) emphasis) are always exempted from this rule (even in <code>strict</code> mode) because there is often no way to split such lines without breaking the URL.</p>
<p>Rationale: Extremely long lines can be difficult to work with in some editors. More information: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#line-wrapping" class="uri">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#line-wrapping</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md014"></a></p>
<h2 id="md014---dollar-signs-used-before-commands-without-showing-output"><code>MD014</code> - Dollar signs used before commands without showing output</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>code</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>commands-show-output</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when there are code blocks showing shell commands to be typed, and <em>all</em> of the shell commands are preceded by dollar signs ($):</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable commands-show-output -->
<pre class="markdown"><code>$ ls
$ cat foo
$ less bar</code></pre>
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<p>The dollar signs are unnecessary in this situation, and should not be included:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>ls
cat foo
less bar</code></pre>
<p>Showing output for commands preceded by dollar signs does not trigger this rule:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>$ ls
foo bar
$ cat foo
Hello world
$ cat bar
baz</code></pre>
<p>Because some commands do not produce output, it is not a violation if <em>some</em> commands do not have output:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>$ mkdir test
mkdir: created directory &#039;test&#039;
$ ls test</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: It is easier to copy/paste and less noisy if the dollar signs are omitted when they are not needed. See <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#dollar-signs-in-shell-code" class="uri">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#dollar-signs-in-shell-code</a> for more information.</p>
<p><a name="md018"></a></p>
<h2 id="md018---no-space-after-hash-on-atx-style-heading"><code>MD018</code> - No space after hash on atx style heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>atx</code>, <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-missing-space-atx</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when spaces are missing after the hash characters in an atx style heading:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>#Heading 1

##Heading 2</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a single space:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading 1

## Heading 2</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered content.</p>
<p><a name="md019"></a></p>
<h2 id="md019---multiple-spaces-after-hash-on-atx-style-heading"><code>MD019</code> - Multiple spaces after hash on atx style heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>atx</code>, <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-space-atx</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when more than one space is used to separate the heading text from the hash characters in an atx style heading:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>#  Heading 1

##  Heading 2</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a single space:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading 1

## Heading 2</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Extra space has no purpose and does not affect the rendering of content.</p>
<p><a name="md020"></a></p>
<h2 id="md020---no-space-inside-hashes-on-closed-atx-style-heading"><code>MD020</code> - No space inside hashes on closed atx style heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>atx_closed</code>, <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-missing-space-closed-atx</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when spaces are missing inside the hash characters in a closed atx style heading:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>#Heading 1#

##Heading 2##</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a single space:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading 1 #

## Heading 2 ##</code></pre>
<p>Note: this rule will fire if either side of the heading is missing spaces.</p>
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered content.</p>
<p><a name="md021"></a></p>
<h2 id="md021---multiple-spaces-inside-hashes-on-closed-atx-style-heading"><code>MD021</code> - Multiple spaces inside hashes on closed atx style heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>atx_closed</code>, <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-space-closed-atx</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when more than one space is used to separate the heading text from the hash characters in a closed atx style heading:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>#  Heading 1  #

##  Heading 2  ##</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a single space:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading 1 #

## Heading 2 ##</code></pre>
<p>Note: this rule will fire if either side of the heading contains multiple spaces.</p>
<p>Rationale: Extra space has no purpose and does not affect the rendering of content.</p>
<p><a name="md022"></a></p>
<h2 id="md022---headings-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD022</code> - Headings should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-headings</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>include_front_matter</code>: Include front matter content (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>lines_above</code>: Blank lines above heading (<code>integer|integer[]</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
<li><code>lines_below</code>: Blank lines below heading (<code>integer|integer[]</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when headings (any style) are either not preceded or not followed by at least one blank line:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading 1
Some text

Some more text
## Heading 2</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, ensure that all headings have a blank line both before and after (except where the heading is at the beginning or end of the document):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading 1

Some text

Some more text

## Heading 2</code></pre>
<p>The <code>lines_above</code> and <code>lines_below</code> parameters can be used to specify a different number of blank lines (including <code>0</code>) above or below each heading. If the value <code>-1</code> is used for either parameter, any number of blank lines is allowed. To customize the number of lines above or below each heading level individually, specify a <code>number[]</code> where values correspond to heading levels 1-6 (in order).</p>
<p>Notes: If <code>lines_above</code> or <code>lines_below</code> are configured to require more than one blank line, <a href="md012.md">MD012/no-multiple-blanks</a> should also be customized. This rule checks for <em>at least</em> as many blank lines as specified; any extra blank lines are ignored.</p>
<p>By default, <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is ignored, so the following document reports no violations:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>---
title: Title
---
## Heading</code></pre>
<p>To require the configured number of blank lines between front matter content and a document’s first heading, set the <code>include_front_matter</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<p>Rationale: Aside from aesthetic reasons, some parsers, including <code>kramdown</code>, will not parse headings that don’t have a blank line before, and will parse them as regular text.</p>
<p><a name="md023"></a></p>
<h2 id="md023---headings-must-start-at-the-beginning-of-the-line"><code>MD023</code> - Headings must start at the beginning of the line</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>heading-start-left</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when a heading is indented by one or more spaces:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text

  # Indented heading</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, ensure that all headings start at the beginning of the line:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text

# Heading</code></pre>
<p>Note that scenarios like block quotes “indent” the start of the line, so the following is also correct:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; # Heading in Block Quote</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Headings that don’t start at the beginning of the line will not be parsed as headings, and will instead appear as regular text.</p>
<p><a name="md024"></a></p>
<h2 id="md024---multiple-headings-with-the-same-content"><code>MD024</code> - Multiple headings with the same content</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-duplicate-heading</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>siblings_only</code>: Only check sibling headings (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered if there are multiple headings in the document that have the same text:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Some text

## Some text</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, ensure that the content of each heading is different:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Some text

## Some more text</code></pre>
<p>If the parameter <code>siblings_only</code> is set to <code>true</code>, duplication is allowed for headings with different parents (as is common in changelogs):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Change log

## 1.0.0

### Features

## 2.0.0

### Features</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Some Markdown parsers generate anchors for headings based on the heading name; headings with the same content can cause problems with that.</p>
<p><a name="md025"></a></p>
<h2 id="md025---multiple-top-level-headings-in-the-same-document"><code>MD025</code> - Multiple top-level headings in the same document</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>single-h1</code>, <code>single-title</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>front_matter_title</code>: RegExp for matching title in front matter (<code>string</code>, default <code>^\s*title\s*[:=]</code>)</li>
<li><code>level</code>: Heading level (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when a top-level heading is in use (the first line of the file is an h1 heading), and more than one h1 heading is in use in the document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Top level heading

# Another top-level heading</code></pre>
<p>To fix, structure your document so there is a single h1 heading that is the title for the document. Subsequent headings must be lower-level headings (h2, h3, etc.):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Title

## Heading

## Another heading</code></pre>
<p>Note: The <code>level</code> parameter can be used to change the top-level (ex: to h2) in cases where an h1 is added externally.</p>
<p>If <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is present and contains a <code>title</code> property (commonly used with blog posts), this rule treats that as a top level heading and will report a violation for any subsequent top-level headings. To use a different property name in the front matter, specify the text of a regular expression via the <code>front_matter_title</code> parameter. To disable the use of front matter by this rule, specify <code>&quot;&quot;</code> for <code>front_matter_title</code>.</p>
<p>Rationale: A top-level heading is an h1 on the first line of the file, and serves as the title for the document. If this convention is in use, then there can not be more than one title for the document, and the entire document should be contained within this heading.</p>
<p><a name="md026"></a></p>
<h2 id="md026---trailing-punctuation-in-heading"><code>MD026</code> - Trailing punctuation in heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-trailing-punctuation</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>punctuation</code>: Punctuation characters (<code>string</code>, default <code>.,;:!。,;:!</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered on any heading that has one of the specified normal or full-width punctuation characters as the last character in the line:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># This is a heading.</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, remove the trailing punctuation:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># This is a heading</code></pre>
<p>Note: The <code>punctuation</code> parameter can be used to specify what characters count as punctuation at the end of a heading. For example, you can change it to <code>&quot;.,;:&quot;</code> to allow headings that end with an exclamation point. <code>?</code> is allowed by default because of how common it is in headings of FAQ-style documents. Setting the <code>punctuation</code> parameter to <code>&quot;&quot;</code> allows all characters - and is equivalent to disabling the rule.</p>
<p>Note: The trailing semicolon of <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references">HTML entity references</a> like <code>&amp;copy;</code>, <code>&amp;#169;</code>, and <code>&amp;#x000A9;</code> is ignored by this rule.</p>
<p>Rationale: Headings are not meant to be full sentences. More information: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#punctuation-at-the-end-of-headers">Punctuation at the end of headers</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md027"></a></p>
<h2 id="md027---multiple-spaces-after-blockquote-symbol"><code>MD027</code> - Multiple spaces after blockquote symbol</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blockquote</code>, <code>indentation</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-space-blockquote</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>list_items</code>: Include list items (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when blockquotes have more than one space after the blockquote (<code>&gt;</code>) symbol:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt;  This is a blockquote with bad indentation
&gt;  there should only be one.</code></pre>
<p>To fix, remove any extraneous space:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; This is a blockquote with correct
&gt; indentation.</code></pre>
<p>Inferring intended list indentation within a blockquote can be challenging; setting the <code>list_items</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables this rule for ordered and unordered list items.</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<p><a name="md028"></a></p>
<h2 id="md028---blank-line-inside-blockquote"><code>MD028</code> - Blank line inside blockquote</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blockquote</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-blanks-blockquote</code></p>
<p>This rule is triggered when two blockquote blocks are separated by nothing but a blank line:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; This is a blockquote
&gt; which is immediately followed by

&gt; this blockquote. In some cases,
&gt; these may be merged into one blockquote.</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, ensure that consecutive blockquotes have text (or an HTML comment) in between:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; This is a blockquote.

This is paragraph text.

&gt; This is a second blockquote.

&lt;!-- This is an HTML comment --&gt;

&gt; This is a third blockquote.</code></pre>
<p>If they are meant to be a single quote, add the blockquote symbol at the beginning of the blank line:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; This is a blockquote.
&gt;
&gt; This is the same blockquote.</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Some Markdown parsers will treat two blockquotes separated by one or more blank lines as the same blockquote, while others will treat them as separate blockquotes.</p>
<p><a name="md029"></a></p>
<h2 id="md029---ordered-list-item-prefix"><code>MD029</code> - Ordered list item prefix</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>ol</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>ol-prefix</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: List style (<code>string</code>, default <code>one_or_ordered</code>, values <code>one</code> / <code>one_or_ordered</code> / <code>ordered</code> / <code>zero</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered for ordered lists that do not either start with ‘1.’ or do not have a prefix that increases in numerical order (depending on the configured style). The less-common pattern of using ‘0.’ as a first prefix or for all prefixes is also supported.</p>
<p>Example valid list if the style is configured as ‘one’:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>1. Do this.
1. Do that.
1. Done.</code></pre>
<p>Examples of valid lists if the style is configured as ‘ordered’:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>1. Do this.
2. Do that.
3. Done.</code></pre>
<pre class="markdown"><code>0. Do this.
1. Do that.
2. Done.</code></pre>
<p>All three examples are valid when the style is configured as ‘one_or_ordered’.</p>
<p>Example valid list if the style is configured as ‘zero’:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>0. Do this.
0. Do that.
0. Done.</code></pre>
<p>Example invalid list for all styles:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>1. Do this.
3. Done.</code></pre>
<p>This rule supports 0-prefixing ordered list items for uniform indentation:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>...
08. Item
09. Item
10. Item
11. Item
...</code></pre>
<p>Note: This rule will report violations for cases like the following where an improperly-indented code block (or similar) appears between two list items and “breaks” the list in two:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable code-fence-style -->
<pre class="markdown"><code>1. First list

```text
Code block
```

1. Second list</code></pre>
<p>The fix is to indent the code block so it becomes part of the preceding list item as intended:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>1. First list

   ```text
   Code block
   ```

2. Still first list</code></pre>
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<p><a name="md030"></a></p>
<h2 id="md030---spaces-after-list-markers"><code>MD030</code> - Spaces after list markers</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>ol</code>, <code>ul</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>list-marker-space</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ol_multi</code>: Spaces for multi-line ordered list items (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
<li><code>ol_single</code>: Spaces for single-line ordered list items (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
<li><code>ul_multi</code>: Spaces for multi-line unordered list items (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
<li><code>ul_single</code>: Spaces for single-line unordered list items (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule checks for the number of spaces between a list marker (e.g. ‘<code>-</code>’, ‘<code>*</code>’, ‘<code>+</code>’ or ‘<code>1.</code>’) and the text of the list item.</p>
<p>The number of spaces checked for depends on the document style in use, but the default is 1 space after any list marker:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>* Foo
* Bar
* Baz

1. Foo
1. Bar
1. Baz

1. Foo
   * Bar
1. Baz</code></pre>
<p>A document style may change the number of spaces after unordered list items and ordered list items independently, as well as based on whether the content of every item in the list consists of a single paragraph or multiple paragraphs (including sub-lists and code blocks).</p>
<p>For example, the style guide at <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#spaces-after-list-marker" class="uri">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#spaces-after-list-marker</a> specifies that 1 space after the list marker should be used if every item in the list fits within a single paragraph, but to use 2 or 3 spaces (for ordered and unordered lists respectively) if there are multiple paragraphs of content inside the list:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>* Foo
* Bar
* Baz</code></pre>
<p>vs.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>*   Foo

    Second paragraph

*   Bar</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>1.  Foo

    Second paragraph

1.  Bar</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, ensure the correct number of spaces are used after the list marker for your selected document style.</p>
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered content.</p>
<p>Note: See <a href="Prettier.md">Prettier.md</a> for compatibility information.</p>
<p><a name="md031"></a></p>
<h2 id="md031---fenced-code-blocks-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD031</code> - Fenced code blocks should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>code</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-fences</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>list_items</code>: Include list items (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when fenced code blocks are either not preceded or not followed by a blank line:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text
```
Code block
```

```
Another code block
```
Some more text</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, ensure that all fenced code blocks have a blank line both before and after (except where the block is at the beginning or end of the document):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text

```
Code block
```

```
Another code block
```

Some more text</code></pre>
<p>Set the <code>list_items</code> parameter to <code>false</code> to disable this rule for list items. Disabling this behavior for lists can be useful if it is necessary to create a <a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/0.29/#tight">tight</a> list containing a code fence.</p>
<p>Rationale: Aside from aesthetic reasons, some parsers, including kramdown, will not parse fenced code blocks that don’t have blank lines before and after them.</p>
<p><a name="md032"></a></p>
<h2 id="md032---lists-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD032</code> - Lists should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>bullet</code>, <code>ol</code>, <code>ul</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-lists</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when lists (of any kind) are either not preceded or not followed by a blank line:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text
* List item
* List item

1. List item
2. List item
***</code></pre>
<p>In the first case above, text immediately precedes the unordered list. In the second case above, a thematic break immediately follows the ordered list. To fix violations of this rule, ensure that all lists have a blank line both before and after (except when the list is at the very beginning or end of the document):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text

* List item
* List item

1. List item
2. List item

***</code></pre>
<p>Note that the following case is <strong>not</strong> a violation of this rule:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>1. List item
   More item 1
2. List item
More item 2</code></pre>
<p>Although it is not indented, the text “More item 2” is referred to as a <a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/0.30/#lazy-continuation-line">lazy continuation line</a> and considered part of the second list item.</p>
<p>Rationale: In addition to aesthetic reasons, some parsers, including kramdown, will not parse lists that don’t have blank lines before and after them.</p>
<p><a name="md033"></a></p>
<h2 id="md033---inline-html"><code>MD033</code> - Inline HTML</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>html</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-inline-html</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>allowed_elements</code>: Allowed elements (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li>
<li><code>table_allowed_elements</code>: Allowed elements in tables (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered whenever raw HTML is used in a Markdown document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&lt;h1&gt;Inline HTML heading&lt;/h1&gt;</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, use ‘pure’ Markdown instead of including raw HTML:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Markdown heading</code></pre>
<p>To allow specific HTML elements anywhere in Markdown content, set the <code>allowed_elements</code> parameter to a list of HTML element names. To allow a specific set of HTML elements within Markdown tables, set the <code>table_allowed_elements</code> parameter to a list of HTML element names. This can be used to permit the use of <code>&lt;br&gt;</code>-style line breaks only within Markdown tables.</p>
<p>Rationale: Raw HTML is allowed in Markdown, but this rule is included for those who want their documents to only include “pure” Markdown, or for those who are rendering Markdown documents into something other than HTML.</p>
<p><a name="md034"></a></p>
<h2 id="md034---bare-url-used"><code>MD034</code> - Bare URL used</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>links</code>, <code>url</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-bare-urls</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered whenever a URL or email address appears without surrounding angle brackets:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>For more info, visit https://www.example.com/ or email user@example.com.</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, add angle brackets around the URL or email address:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>For more info, visit &lt;https://www.example.com/&gt; or email &lt;user@example.com&gt;.</code></pre>
<p>If a URL or email address contains non-ASCII characters, it may be not be handled as intended even when angle brackets are present. In such cases, <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding">percent-encoding</a> can be used to comply with the required syntax for URL and email.</p>
<p>Note: To include a bare URL or email without it being converted into a link, wrap it in a code span:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Not a clickable link: `https://www.example.com`</code></pre>
<p>Note: The following scenario does not trigger this rule because it could be a shortcut link:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[https://www.example.com]</code></pre>
<p>Note: The following syntax triggers this rule because the nested link could be a shortcut link (which takes precedence):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[text [shortcut] text](https://example.com)</code></pre>
<p>To avoid this, escape both inner brackets:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[link \[text\] link](https://example.com)</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Without angle brackets, a bare URL or email isn’t converted into a link by some Markdown parsers.</p>
<p><a name="md035"></a></p>
<h2 id="md035---horizontal-rule-style"><code>MD035</code> - Horizontal rule style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>hr</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>hr-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Horizontal rule style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when inconsistent styles of horizontal rules (also known as “thematic breaks”) are used in a document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>---

- - -

***

* * *

****</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, use the same horizontal rule syntax everywhere:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>---

---

---</code></pre>
<p>The <code>style</code> parameter’s default value <code>consistent</code> ensures all horizontal rules in a document match the first horizontal rule in that document. To enforce a specific pattern of characters, set the <code>style</code> parameter to that string (e.g., <code>&quot;* * *&quot;</code>).</p>
<p>Note: In order to be recognized as a horizontal rule, a line must contain three or more matching <code>-</code>, <code>_</code>, or <code>*</code> characters with optional space between.</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<p><a name="md036"></a></p>
<h2 id="md036---emphasis-used-instead-of-a-heading"><code>MD036</code> - Emphasis used instead of a heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code>, <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-emphasis-as-heading</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>punctuation</code>: Punctuation characters (<code>string</code>, default <code>.,;:!?。,;:!?</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This check looks for instances where emphasized (i.e. bold or italic) text is used to separate sections, where a heading should be used instead:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>**My document**

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...

_Another section_

Consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod.</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, use Markdown headings instead of emphasized text to denote sections:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># My document

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...

## Another section

Consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod.</code></pre>
<p>Note: This rule looks for single-line paragraphs that consist entirely of emphasized text. It won’t fire on emphasis used within regular text, multi-line emphasized paragraphs, or paragraphs ending in punctuation (normal or full-width). Similarly to rule MD026, you can configure what characters are recognized as punctuation.</p>
<p>Rationale: Using emphasis instead of a heading prevents tools from inferring the structure of a document. More information: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#emphasis-vs-headers" class="uri">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#emphasis-vs-headers</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md037"></a></p>
<h2 id="md037---spaces-inside-emphasis-markers"><code>MD037</code> - Spaces inside emphasis markers</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-space-in-emphasis</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when emphasis markers (bold, italic) are used, but they have spaces between the markers and the text:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Here is some ** bold ** text.

Here is some * italic * text.

Here is some more __ bold __ text.

Here is some more _ italic _ text.</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, remove the spaces around the emphasis markers:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Here is some **bold** text.

Here is some *italic* text.

Here is some more __bold__ text.

Here is some more _italic_ text.</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Emphasis is only parsed as such when the asterisks/underscores aren’t surrounded by spaces. This rule attempts to detect where they were surrounded by spaces, but it appears that emphasized text was intended by the author.</p>
<p><a name="md038"></a></p>
<h2 id="md038---spaces-inside-code-span-elements"><code>MD038</code> - Spaces inside code span elements</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>code</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-space-in-code</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered for code spans containing content with unnecessary space next to the beginning or ending backticks:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>`some text `

` some text`

`   some text   `</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, remove the extra space characters from the beginning and ending:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>`some text`</code></pre>
<p>Note: A single leading <em>and</em> trailing space is allowed by the specification and trimmed by the parser to support code spans that begin or end with a backtick:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>`` `backticks` ``

`` backtick` ``</code></pre>
<p>Note: When single-space padding is present in the input, it will be preserved (even if unnecessary):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>` code `</code></pre>
<p>Note: Code spans containing only spaces are allowed by the specification and are also preserved:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>` `

`   `</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule are usually unintentional and can lead to improperly-rendered content.</p>
<p><a name="md039"></a></p>
<h2 id="md039---spaces-inside-link-text"><code>MD039</code> - Spaces inside link text</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>links</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-space-in-links</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered on links that have spaces surrounding the link text:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[ a link ](https://www.example.com/)</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, remove the spaces surrounding the link text:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[a link](https://www.example.com/)</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<p><a name="md040"></a></p>
<h2 id="md040---fenced-code-blocks-should-have-a-language-specified"><code>MD040</code> - Fenced code blocks should have a language specified</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>code</code>, <code>language</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>fenced-code-language</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>allowed_languages</code>: List of languages (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li>
<li><code>language_only</code>: Require language only (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when fenced code blocks are used, but a language isn’t specified:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```
#!/bin/bash
echo Hello world
```</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, add a language specifier to the code block:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```bash
#!/bin/bash
echo Hello world
```</code></pre>
<p>To display a code block without syntax highlighting, use:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```text
Plain text in a code block
```</code></pre>
<p>You can configure the <code>allowed_languages</code> parameter to specify a list of languages code blocks could use. Languages are case sensitive. The default value is <code>[]</code> which means any language specifier is valid.</p>
<p>You can prevent extra data from being present in the info string of fenced code blocks. To do so, set the <code>language_only</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line no-space-in-code -->
<p>Info strings with leading/trailing whitespace (ex: <code>js </code>) or other content (ex: <code>ruby startline=3</code>) will trigger this rule.</p>
<p>Rationale: Specifying a language improves content rendering by using the correct syntax highlighting for code. More information: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#option-code-fenced" class="uri">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#option-code-fenced</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md041"></a></p>
<h2 id="md041---first-line-in-a-file-should-be-a-top-level-heading"><code>MD041</code> - First line in a file should be a top-level heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>first-line-h1</code>, <code>first-line-heading</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>allow_preamble</code>: Allow content before first heading (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>front_matter_title</code>: RegExp for matching title in front matter (<code>string</code>, default <code>^\s*title\s*[:=]</code>)</li>
<li><code>level</code>: Heading level (<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is intended to ensure documents have a title and is triggered when the first line in a document is not a top-level (<a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML">HTML</a> <code>h1</code>) heading:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>This is a document without a heading</code></pre>
<p>To fix this, add a top-level heading to the beginning of the document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Document Heading

This is a document with a top-level heading</code></pre>
<p>Because it is common for projects on GitHub to use an image for the heading of <code>README.md</code> and that pattern is not well-supported by Markdown, HTML headings are also permitted by this rule. For example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&lt;h1 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://placekitten.com/300/150&quot;/&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;

This is a document with a top-level HTML heading</code></pre>
<p>In some cases, a document’s title heading may be preceded by text like a table of contents. This is not ideal for accessibility, but can be allowed by setting the <code>allow_preamble</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>This is a document with preamble text

# Document Heading</code></pre>
<p>If <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is present and contains a <code>title</code> property (commonly used with blog posts), this rule will not report a violation. To use a different property name in the front matter, specify the text of a <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_expressions">regular expression</a> via the <code>front_matter_title</code> parameter. To disable the use of front matter by this rule, specify <code>&quot;&quot;</code> for <code>front_matter_title</code>.</p>
<p>The <code>level</code> parameter can be used to change the top-level heading (ex: to <code>h2</code>) in cases where an <code>h1</code> is added externally.</p>
<p>Rationale: The top-level heading often acts as the title of a document. More information: <a href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#top-level-header" class="uri">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#top-level-header</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md042"></a></p>
<h2 id="md042---no-empty-links"><code>MD042</code> - No empty links</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-empty-links</code></p>
<p>This rule is triggered when an empty link is encountered:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[an empty link]()</code></pre>
<p>To fix the violation, provide a destination for the link:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[a valid link](https://example.com/)</code></pre>
<p>Empty fragments will trigger this rule:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[an empty fragment](#)

[an empty link definition][empty]

[empty]: #</code></pre>
<p>But non-empty fragments will not:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[a valid fragment](#fragment)</code></pre>
<p>Empty link definitions</p>
<p>Rationale: Empty links do not lead anywhere and therefore don’t function as links.</p>
<p><a name="md043"></a></p>
<h2 id="md043---required-heading-structure"><code>MD043</code> - Required heading structure</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>required-headings</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>headings</code>: List of headings (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li>
<li><code>match_case</code>: Match case of headings (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when the headings in a file do not match the array of headings passed to the rule. It can be used to enforce a standard heading structure for a set of files.</p>
<p>To require exactly the following structure:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading
## Item
### Detail</code></pre>
<p>Set the <code>headings</code> parameter to:</p>
<pre class="json"><code>[
    &quot;# Heading&quot;,
    &quot;## Item&quot;,
    &quot;### Detail&quot;
]</code></pre>
<p>To allow optional headings as with the following structure:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading
## Item
### Detail (optional)
## Foot
### Notes (optional)</code></pre>
<p>Use the special value <code>&quot;*&quot;</code> meaning “zero or more unspecified headings” or the special value <code>&quot;+&quot;</code> meaning “one or more unspecified headings” and set the <code>headings</code> parameter to:</p>
<pre class="json"><code>[
    &quot;# Heading&quot;,
    &quot;## Item&quot;,
    &quot;*&quot;,
    &quot;## Foot&quot;,
    &quot;*&quot;
]</code></pre>
<p>To allow a single required heading to vary as with a project name:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Project Name
## Description
## Examples</code></pre>
<p>Use the special value <code>&quot;?&quot;</code> meaning “exactly one unspecified heading”:</p>
<pre class="json"><code>[
    &quot;?&quot;,
    &quot;## Description&quot;,
    &quot;## Examples&quot;
]</code></pre>
<p>When an error is detected, this rule outputs the line number of the first problematic heading (otherwise, it outputs the last line number of the file).</p>
<p>Note that while the <code>headings</code> parameter uses the “## Text” ATX heading style for simplicity, a file may use any supported heading style.</p>
<p>By default, the case of headings in the document is not required to match that of <code>headings</code>. To require that case match exactly, set the <code>match_case</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<p>Rationale: Projects may wish to enforce a consistent document structure across a set of similar content.</p>
<p><a name="md044"></a></p>
<h2 id="md044---proper-names-should-have-the-correct-capitalization"><code>MD044</code> - Proper names should have the correct capitalization</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>spelling</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>proper-names</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>html_elements</code>: Include HTML elements (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>names</code>: List of proper names (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when any of the strings in the <code>names</code> array do not have the specified capitalization. It can be used to enforce a standard letter case for the names of projects and products.</p>
<p>For example, the language “JavaScript” is usually written with both the ‘J’ and ‘S’ capitalized - though sometimes the ‘s’ or ‘j’ appear in lower-case. To enforce the proper capitalization, specify the desired letter case in the <code>names</code> array:</p>
<pre class="json"><code>[
    &quot;JavaScript&quot;
]</code></pre>
<p>Sometimes a proper name is capitalized differently in certain contexts. In such cases, add both forms to the <code>names</code> array:</p>
<pre class="json"><code>[
    &quot;GitHub&quot;,
    &quot;github.com&quot;
]</code></pre>
<p>Set the <code>code_blocks</code> parameter to <code>false</code> to disable this rule for code blocks and spans. Set the <code>html_elements</code> parameter to <code>false</code> to disable this rule for HTML elements and attributes (such as when using a proper name as part of a path for <code>a</code>/<code>href</code> or <code>img</code>/<code>src</code>).</p>
<p>Rationale: Incorrect capitalization of proper names is usually a mistake.</p>
<p><a name="md045"></a></p>
<h2 id="md045---images-should-have-alternate-text-alt-text"><code>MD045</code> - Images should have alternate text (alt text)</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>accessibility</code>, <code>images</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-alt-text</code></p>
<p>This rule reports a violation when an image is missing alternate text (alt text) information.</p>
<p>Alternate text is commonly specified inline as:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>![Alternate text](image.jpg)</code></pre>
<p>Or with reference syntax as:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>![Alternate text][ref]

...

[ref]: image.jpg &quot;Optional title&quot;</code></pre>
<p>Or with HTML as:</p>
<pre class="html"><code>&lt;img src=&quot;image.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Alternate text&quot; /&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Note: If the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Attributes/aria-hidden">HTML <code>aria-hidden</code> attribute</a> is used to hide the image from assistive technology, this rule does not report a violation:</p>
<pre class="html"><code>&lt;img src=&quot;image.jpg&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; /&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Guidance for writing alternate text is available from the <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/alt/">W3C</a>, <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt_attribute">Wikipedia</a>, and <a href="https://www.phase2technology.com/blog/no-more-excuses">other locations</a>.</p>
<p>Rationale: Alternate text is important for accessibility and describes the content of an image for people who may not be able to see it.</p>
<p><a name="md046"></a></p>
<h2 id="md046---code-block-style"><code>MD046</code> - Code block style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>code</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>code-block-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Block style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>consistent</code> / <code>fenced</code> / <code>indented</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when unwanted or different code block styles are used in the same document.</p>
<p>In the default configuration this rule reports a violation for the following document:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable code-block-style -->
<pre><code>Some text.

    # Indented code

More text.

```ruby
# Fenced code
```

More text.</code></pre>
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<p>To fix violations of this rule, use a consistent style (either indenting or code fences).</p>
<p>The configured code block style can be specific (<code>fenced</code>, <code>indented</code>) or can require all code blocks match the first code block (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<p><a name="md047"></a></p>
<h2 id="md047---files-should-end-with-a-single-newline-character"><code>MD047</code> - Files should end with a single newline character</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>single-trailing-newline</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when there is not a single newline character at the end of a file.</p>
<p>An example that triggers the rule:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading

This file ends without a newline.[EOF]</code></pre>
<p>To fix the violation, add a newline character to the end of the file:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading

This file ends with a newline.
[EOF]</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Some programs have trouble with files that do not end with a newline.</p>
<p>More information: <a href="https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/18743/whats-the-point-in-adding-a-new-line-to-the-end-of-a-file">What’s the point in adding a new line to the end of a file?</a></p>
<p><a name="md048"></a></p>
<h2 id="md048---code-fence-style"><code>MD048</code> - Code fence style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>code</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>code-fence-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Code fence style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>backtick</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>tilde</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for fenced code blocks do not match the configured code fence style:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```ruby
# Fenced code
```

~~~ruby
# Fenced code
~~~</code></pre>
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured code fence style throughout the document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```ruby
# Fenced code
```

```ruby
# Fenced code
```</code></pre>
<p>The configured code fence style can be a specific symbol to use (<code>backtick</code>, <code>tilde</code>) or it can require all code fences match the first code fence (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<p><a name="md049"></a></p>
<h2 id="md049---emphasis-style"><code>MD049</code> - Emphasis style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>emphasis-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Emphasis style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>asterisk</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>underscore</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for emphasis do not match the configured emphasis style:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>*Text*
_Text_</code></pre>
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured emphasis style throughout the document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>*Text*
*Text*</code></pre>
<p>The configured emphasis style can be a specific symbol to use (<code>asterisk</code>, <code>underscore</code>) or can require all emphasis matches the first emphasis (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<p>Note: Emphasis within a word is restricted to <code>asterisk</code> in order to avoid unwanted emphasis for words containing internal underscores like_this_one.</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<p><a name="md050"></a></p>
<h2 id="md050---strong-style"><code>MD050</code> - Strong style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>strong-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Strong style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>asterisk</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>underscore</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for strong do not match the configured strong style:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>**Text**
__Text__</code></pre>
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured strong style throughout the document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>**Text**
**Text**</code></pre>
<p>The configured strong style can be a specific symbol to use (<code>asterisk</code>, <code>underscore</code>) or can require all strong matches the first strong (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<p>Note: Emphasis within a word is restricted to <code>asterisk</code> in order to avoid unwanted emphasis for words containing internal underscores like__this__one.</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<p><a name="md051"></a></p>
<h2 id="md051---link-fragments-should-be-valid"><code>MD051</code> - Link fragments should be valid</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>link-fragments</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ignore_case</code>: Ignore case of fragments (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>ignored_pattern</code>: Pattern for ignoring additional fragments (<code>string</code>, default ``)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when a link fragment does not match any of the fragments that are automatically generated for headings in a document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading Name

[Link](#fragment)</code></pre>
<p>To fix this issue, change the link fragment to reference an existing heading’s generated name (see below):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading Name

[Link](#heading-name)</code></pre>
<p>For consistency, this rule requires fragments to exactly match the <a href="https://github.com/gjtorikian/html-pipeline/blob/f13a1534cb650ba17af400d1acd3a22c28004c09/lib/html/pipeline/toc_filter.rb">GitHub heading algorithm</a> which converts letters to lowercase. Therefore, the following example is reported as a violation:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading Name

[Link](#Heading-Name)</code></pre>
<p>To ignore case when comparing fragments with heading names, the <code>ignore_case</code> parameter can be set to <code>true</code>. In this configuration, the previous example is not reported as a violation.</p>
<p>Alternatively, some platforms allow the syntax <code>{#named-anchor}</code> to be used within a heading to provide a specific name (consisting of only lower-case letters, numbers, <code>-</code>, and <code>_</code>):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># Heading Name {#custom-name}

[Link](#custom-name)</code></pre>
<p>Alternatively, any HTML tag with an <code>id</code> attribute or an <code>a</code> tag with a <code>name</code> attribute can be used to define a fragment:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&lt;a id=&quot;bookmark&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

[Link](#bookmark)</code></pre>
<p>An <code>a</code> tag can be useful in scenarios where a heading is not appropriate or for control over the text of the fragment identifier.</p>
<p><a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#scrolling-to-a-fragment">HTML links to <code>#top</code> scroll to the top of a document</a>. This rule allows that syntax (using lower-case for consistency):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[Link](#top)</code></pre>
<p>This rule also recognizes the custom fragment syntax used by GitHub to highlight <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/creating-a-permanent-link-to-a-code-snippet#linking-to-markdown">specific content in a document</a>.</p>
<p>For example, this link to line 20:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[Link](#L20)</code></pre>
<p>And this link to content starting within line 19 running into line 21:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[Link](#L19C5-L21C11)</code></pre>
<p>Some Markdown generators dynamically create and insert headings when building documents, for example by combining a fixed prefix like <code>figure-</code> and an incrementing numeric counter. To ignore such generated fragments, set the <code>ignored_pattern</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_expressions">regular expression</a> parameter to a pattern that matches (e.g., <code>^figure-</code>).</p>
<p>Rationale: <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax#section-links">GitHub section links</a> are created automatically for every heading when Markdown content is displayed on GitHub. This makes it easy to link directly to different sections within a document. However, section links change if headings are renamed or removed. This rule helps identify broken section links within a document.</p>
<p>Note: Section links are <strong>not</strong> part of the CommonMark specification; this rule enforces the <a href="https://github.com/gjtorikian/html-pipeline/blob/f13a1534cb650ba17af400d1acd3a22c28004c09/lib/html/pipeline/toc_filter.rb">GitHub heading algorithm</a>:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Convert text to lowercase</li>
<li>Remove punctuation characters</li>
<li>Convert spaces to dashes</li>
<li>Append an incrementing integer (as needed for uniqueness)</li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/encodeURIComponent">URI-encode</a> the result</li>
</ol>
<p><a name="md052"></a></p>
<h2 id="md052---reference-links-and-images-should-use-a-label-that-is-defined"><code>MD052</code> - Reference links and images should use a label that is defined</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>images</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>reference-links-images</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ignored_labels</code>: Ignored link labels (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[&quot;x&quot;]</code>)</li>
<li><code>shortcut_syntax</code>: Include shortcut syntax (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Links and images in Markdown can provide the link destination or image source at the time of use or can define it elsewhere and use a label for reference. The reference format is convenient for keeping paragraph text clutter-free and makes it easy to reuse the same URL in multiple places.</p>
<p>There are three kinds of reference links and images:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Full: [text][label]
Collapsed: [label][]
Shortcut: [label]

Full: ![text][image]
Collapsed: ![image][]
Shortcut: ![image]

[label]: https://example.com/label
[image]: https://example.com/image</code></pre>
<p>A link or image renders correctly when the corresponding label is defined, but displays as text with brackets when the label is not present. By default, this rule warns of undefined labels for “full” and “collapsed” reference syntax but not for “shortcut” syntax because it is ambiguous.</p>
<p>The text <code>[example]</code> could be a shortcut link or the text “example” in brackets, so “shortcut” syntax is ignored by default. To include “shortcut” syntax, set the <code>include_shortcut</code> parameter to <code>true</code>. Note that doing so produces warnings for <em>all</em> text in the document that <em>could</em> be a shortcut. If bracketed text is intentional, brackets can be escaped with the <code>\</code> character: <code>\[example\]</code>.</p>
<p>If there are link labels that are deliberately unreferenced, they can be ignored by setting the <code>ignored_labels</code> parameter to the list of strings to ignore. The default value of this parameter ignores the checkbox syntax used by <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/#task-list-items-extension-">GitHub Flavored Markdown task list items</a>:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>- [x] Checked task list item</code></pre>
<p><a name="md053"></a></p>
<h2 id="md053---link-and-image-reference-definitions-should-be-needed"><code>MD053</code> - Link and image reference definitions should be needed</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>images</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>link-image-reference-definitions</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ignored_definitions</code>: Ignored definitions (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[&quot;//&quot;]</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>Links and images in Markdown can provide the link destination or image source at the time of use or can use a label to reference a definition elsewhere in the document. The latter reference format is convenient for keeping paragraph text clutter-free and makes it easy to reuse the same URL in multiple places.</p>
<p>Because link and image reference definitions are located separately from where they are used, there are two scenarios where a definition can be unnecessary:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>If a label is not referenced by any link or image in a document, that definition is unused and can be deleted.</li>
<li>If a label is defined multiple times in a document, the first definition is used and the others can be deleted.</li>
</ol>
<p>This rule considers a reference definition to be used if any link or image reference has the corresponding label. The “full”, “collapsed”, and “shortcut” formats are all supported.</p>
<p>If there are reference definitions that are deliberately unreferenced, they can be ignored by setting the <code>ignored_definitions</code> parameter to the list of strings to ignore. The default value of this parameter ignores the following convention for adding non-HTML comments to Markdown:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[//]: # (This behaves like a comment)</code></pre>
<p><a name="md054"></a></p>
<h2 id="md054---link-and-image-style"><code>MD054</code> - Link and image style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>images</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>link-image-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>autolink</code>: Allow autolinks (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>collapsed</code>: Allow collapsed reference links and images (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>full</code>: Allow full reference links and images (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>inline</code>: Allow inline links and images (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>shortcut</code>: Allow shortcut reference links and images (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>url_inline</code>: Allow URLs as inline links (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>Links and images in Markdown can provide the link destination or image source at the time of use or can use a label to reference a definition elsewhere in the document. The three reference formats are convenient for keeping paragraph text clutter-free and make it easy to reuse the same URL in multiple places.</p>
<p>By default, this rule allows all link/image styles.</p>
<p>Setting the <code>autolink</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables autolinks:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&lt;https://example.com&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Setting the <code>inline</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables inline links and images:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[link](https://example.com)

![image](https://example.com)</code></pre>
<p>Setting the <code>full</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables full reference links and images:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[link][url]

![image][url]

[url]: https://example.com</code></pre>
<p>Setting the <code>collapsed</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables collapsed reference links and images:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[url][]

![url][]

[url]: https://example.com</code></pre>
<p>Setting the <code>shortcut</code> parameter to <code>false</code> disables shortcut reference links and images:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[url]

![url]

[url]: https://example.com</code></pre>
<p>To fix violations of this rule, change the link or image to use an allowed style. This rule can automatically fix violations when a link or image can be converted to the <code>inline</code> style (preferred) or a link can be converted to the <code>autolink</code> style (which does not support images and must be an absolute URL). This rule does <em>not</em> fix scenarios that require converting a link or image to the <code>full</code>, <code>collapsed</code>, or <code>shortcut</code> reference styles because that involves naming the reference and determining where to insert it in the document.</p>
<p>Setting the <code>url_inline</code> parameter to <code>false</code> prevents the use of inline links with the same absolute URL text/destination and no title because such links can be converted to autolinks:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[https://example.com](https://example.com)</code></pre>
<p>To fix <code>url_inline</code> violations, use the simpler autolink syntax instead:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&lt;https://example.com&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document. Autolinks are concise, but appear as URLs which can be long and confusing. Inline links and images can include descriptive text, but take up more space in Markdown form. Reference links and images can be easier to read and manipulate in Markdown form, but require a separate link reference definition.</p>
<p><a name="md055"></a></p>
<h2 id="md055---table-pipe-style"><code>MD055</code> - Table pipe style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>table-pipe-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Table pipe style (<code>string</code>, default <code>consistent</code>, values <code>consistent</code> / <code>leading_and_trailing</code> / <code>leading_only</code> / <code>no_leading_or_trailing</code> / <code>trailing_only</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when a <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-tables">GitHub Flavored Markdown table</a> is inconsistent about its use of leading and trailing pipe characters (<code>|</code>).</p>
<p>By default (<code>consistent</code> style), the header row of the first table in a document is used to determine the style that is enforced for every table in the document. A specific style can be used instead (<code>leading_and_trailing</code>, <code>leading_only</code>, <code>no_leading_or_trailing</code>, <code>trailing_only</code>).</p>
<p>This table’s header row has leading and trailing pipes, but its delimiter row is missing the trailing pipe and its first row of cells is missing the leading pipe:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------
  Cell   | Cell   |</code></pre>
<p>To fix these issues, make sure there is a pipe character at the beginning and end of every row:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |</code></pre>
<p>Note that text immediately following a table (i.e., not separated by an empty line) is treated as part of the table (per the specification) and may also trigger this rule:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |
This text is part of the table</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: Some parsers have difficulty with tables that are missing their leading or trailing pipe characters. The use of leading/trailing pipes can also help provide visual clarity.</p>
<p><a name="md056"></a></p>
<h2 id="md056---table-column-count"><code>MD056</code> - Table column count</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>table-column-count</code></p>
<p>This rule is triggered when a <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-tables">GitHub Flavored Markdown table</a> does not have the same number of cells in every row.</p>
<p>This table’s second data row has too few cells and its third data row has too many cells:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |
| Cell   |
| Cell   | Cell   | Cell   |</code></pre>
<p>To fix these issues, ensure every row has the same number of cells:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |
| Cell   | Cell   |
| Cell   | Cell   |</code></pre>
<p>Note that a table’s header row and its delimiter row must have the same number of cells or it will not be recognized as a table (per specification).</p>
<p>Rationale: Extra cells in a row are usually not shown, so their data is lost. Missing cells in a row create holes in the table and suggest an omission.</p>
<p><a name="md058"></a></p>
<h2 id="md058---tables-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD058</code> - Tables should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-tables</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when tables are either not preceded or not followed by a blank line:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text
| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |
&gt; Blockquote</code></pre>
<p>To fix violations of this rule, ensure that all tables have a blank line both before and after (except when the table is at the very beginning or end of the document):</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Some text

| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |

&gt; Blockquote</code></pre>
<p>Note that text immediately following a table (i.e., not separated by an empty line) is treated as part of the table (per the specification) and will not trigger this rule:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Header | Header |
| ------ | ------ |
| Cell   | Cell   |
This text is part of the table and the next line is blank

Some text</code></pre>
<p>Rationale: In addition to aesthetic reasons, some parsers will incorrectly parse tables that don’t have blank lines before and after them.</p>
<p><a name="md059"></a></p>
<h2 id="md059---link-text-should-be-descriptive"><code>MD059</code> - Link text should be descriptive</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>accessibility</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>descriptive-link-text</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>prohibited_texts</code>: Prohibited link texts (<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[&quot;click here&quot;,&quot;here&quot;,&quot;link&quot;,&quot;more&quot;]</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when a link has generic text like <code>[click here](...)</code> or <code>[link](...)</code>.</p>
<p>Link text should be descriptive and communicate the purpose of the link (e.g., <code>[Download the budget document](...)</code> or <code>[CommonMark Specification](...)</code>). This is especially important for screen readers which sometimes present links without context.</p>
<p>By default, this rule prohibits a small number of common English words/phrases. To customize that list of words/phrases, set the <code>prohibited_texts</code> parameter to an <code>Array</code> of <code>string</code>s.</p>
<p>Note: For languages other than English, use the <code>prohibited_texts</code> parameter to customize the list for that language. It is <em>not</em> a goal for this rule to have translations for every language.</p>
<p>Note: This rule checks Markdown links; HTML links are ignored.</p>
<p>More information:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://webaim.org/techniques/hypertext/" class="uri">https://webaim.org/techniques/hypertext/</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/link-purpose-link-only.html" class="uri">https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/link-purpose-link-only.html</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a name="md060"></a></p>
<h2 id="md060---table-column-style"><code>MD060</code> - Table column style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>table-column-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>aligned_delimiter</code>: Aligned delimiter columns (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>style</code>: Table column style (<code>string</code>, default <code>any</code>, values <code>aligned</code> / <code>any</code> / <code>compact</code> / <code>tight</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when the column separator pipe characters (<code>|</code>) of a <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-tables">GitHub Flavored Markdown table</a> are used inconsistently.</p>
<p>This rule recognizes three table column styles based on popular use.</p>
<p>Style <code>aligned</code> ensures pipe characters are vertically aligned:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Character | Meaning |
| --------- | ------- |
| Y         | Yes     |
| N         | No      |</code></pre>
<p>The <code>aligned</code> style ignores cell content, so the following is also valid:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Character | Meaning |
|-----------|---------|
|     Y     |     Yes |
|     N     |      No |</code></pre>
<p>Style <code>compact</code> avoids extra padding with a single space around cell content:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Character | Meaning |
| --- | --- |
| Y | Yes |
| N | No |</code></pre>
<p>Style <code>tight</code> uses no padding at all for cell content:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>|Character|Meaning|
|---|---|
|Y|Yes|
|N|No|</code></pre>
<p>When this rule’s <code>style</code> parameter is set to <code>aligned</code>, <code>compact</code>, or <code>tight</code>, every table must match the corresponding pattern and any violations will be reported. By default, or when the <code>any</code> style is used, each table is analyzed to see if it satisfies any supported style. If so, no violations are reported. If not, violations are be reported for whichever style would produce the <em>fewest</em> issues (i.e., whichever style is the closest match).</p>
<p>Setting the <code>aligned_delimiter</code> parameter to <code>true</code> requires pipe characters in the delimiter row to align with those in the header row. This can be used with <code>compact</code> and <code>tight</code> tables to make the header text more obvious. (It’s already required for tables with style <code>aligned</code>.)</p>
<p>Style <code>compact</code> with <code>aligned_delimiter</code>:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Character | Meaning |
| --------- | ------- |
| Y | Yes |
| N | No |</code></pre>
<p>Style <code>tight</code> with <code>aligned_delimiter</code>:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>|Character|Meaning|
|---------|-------|
|Y|Yes|
|N|No|</code></pre>
<p>Violations for styles <code>compact</code> and <code>tight</code> are simple/independent and can be fixed automatically. However, fixing even single violations for style <code>aligned</code> may require modifying the entire table, and therefore are not automatic:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>|Alpha |Delta|
|------|-----|
|Charlie|Beta|</code></pre>
<p><strong>Note</strong>: This rule does not require leading/trailing pipe characters, so this is also a valid table for style <code>compact</code>:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Character | Meaning
--- | ---
Y | Yes
N | No</code></pre>
<p><strong>Note</strong>: Pipe alignment for the <code>aligned</code> style is based on visual appearance and not character count. Because editors typically render <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoji">emoji</a> and <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/CJK_characters">CJK characters</a> at <em>twice</em> the width of <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_script">Latin characters</a>, this rule takes that into account for tables using the <code>aligned</code> style. The following table is correctly formatted and will appear aligned in most editors and monospaced fonts:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-capture -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable extended-ascii -->
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Response | Emoji |
| -------- | ----- |
| Yes      | ✅    |
| No       | ❎    |</code></pre>
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a document.</p>
<!-- markdownlint-configure-file {
  "no-inline-html": {
    "allowed_elements": [
      "a"
    ]
  }
} --></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="rules">Rules</h1>
<p>This document contains a description of all rules, what they are
checking for, as well as examples of documents that break the rule and
corrected versions of the examples.</p>
<p><a name="md001"></a></p>
<h2
id="md001---heading-levels-should-only-increment-by-one-level-at-a-time"><code>MD001</code>
- Heading levels should only increment by one level at a time</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>heading-increment</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>front_matter_title</code>: RegExp for matching title in front
matter (<code>string</code>, default <code>^\s*title\s*[:=]</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when you skip heading levels in a Markdown
document, for example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading 1</span></span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### Heading 3</span></span>
<span id="cb1-4"><a href="#cb1-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-5"><a href="#cb1-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>We skipped out a 2nd level heading in this document</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When using multiple heading levels, nested headings should increase
by only one level at a time:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading 1</span></span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Heading 2</span></span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### Heading 3</span></span>
<span id="cb2-6"><a href="#cb2-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-7"><a href="#cb2-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">#### Heading 4</span></span>
<span id="cb2-8"><a href="#cb2-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-9"><a href="#cb2-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Another Heading 2</span></span>
<span id="cb2-10"><a href="#cb2-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-11"><a href="#cb2-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### Another Heading 3</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>If <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is
present and contains a <code>title</code> property (commonly used with
blog posts), this rule treats that as a top level heading and will
report a violation if the actual first heading is not a level 2 heading.
To use a different property name in the front matter, specify the text
of a regular expression via the <code>front_matter_title</code>
parameter. To disable the use of front matter by this rule, specify
<code>""</code> for <code>front_matter_title</code>. When front matter
is not present, the first heading can be any level.</p>
<p>Rationale: Headings represent the structure of a document and can be
confusing when skipped - especially for accessibility scenarios. More
information: <a
href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/page-structure/headings/">https://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/page-structure/headings/</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md003"></a></p>
<h2 id="md003---heading-style"><code>MD003</code> - Heading style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>heading-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Heading style (<code>string</code>, default
<code>consistent</code>, values <code>atx</code> /
<code>atx_closed</code> / <code>consistent</code> / <code>setext</code>
/ <code>setext_with_atx</code> /
<code>setext_with_atx_closed</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when different heading styles are used in the
same document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># ATX style H1</span></span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Closed ATX style H2 ##</span></span>
<span id="cb3-4"><a href="#cb3-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb3-5"><a href="#cb3-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Setext style H1</span>
<span id="cb3-6"><a href="#cb3-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">===============</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix the issue, use consistent heading styles throughout the
document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># ATX style H1</span></span>
<span id="cb4-2"><a href="#cb4-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb4-3"><a href="#cb4-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## ATX style H2</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>The <code>setext_with_atx</code> and
<code>setext_with_atx_closed</code> settings allow ATX-style headings of
level 3 or more in documents with setext-style headings (which only
support level 1 and 2 headings):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Setext style H1</span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">===============</span></span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb5-4"><a href="#cb5-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Setext style H2</span>
<span id="cb5-5"><a href="#cb5-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>---------------</span>
<span id="cb5-6"><a href="#cb5-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb5-7"><a href="#cb5-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### ATX style H3</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: The configured heading style can be a specific style to require
(<code>atx</code>, <code>atx_closed</code>, <code>setext</code>,
<code>setext_with_atx</code>, <code>setext_with_atx_closed</code>), or
can require that all heading styles match the first heading style via
<code>consistent</code>.</p>
<p>Note: The placement of a horizontal rule directly below a line of
text can trigger this rule by turning that text into a level 2
setext-style heading:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>A line of text followed by a horizontal rule becomes a heading</span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>---</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<p><a name="md004"></a></p>
<h2 id="md004---unordered-list-style"><code>MD004</code> - Unordered
list style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>bullet</code>, <code>ul</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>ul-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: List style (<code>string</code>, default
<code>consistent</code>, values <code>asterisk</code> /
<code>consistent</code> / <code>dash</code> / <code>plus</code> /
<code>sublist</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for
unordered list items do not match the configured unordered list
style:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Item 1</span>
<span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">+ </span>Item 2</span>
<span id="cb7-3"><a href="#cb7-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>Item 3</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured style for list items throughout
the document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Item 1</span>
<span id="cb8-2"><a href="#cb8-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Item 2</span>
<span id="cb8-3"><a href="#cb8-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Item 3</span></code></pre></div>
<p>The configured list style can ensure all list styling is a specific
symbol (<code>asterisk</code>, <code>plus</code>, <code>dash</code>),
ensure each sublist has a consistent symbol that differs from its parent
list (<code>sublist</code>), or ensure all list styles match the first
list style (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<p>For example, the following is valid for the <code>sublist</code>
style because the outer-most indent uses asterisk, the middle indent
uses plus, and the inner-most indent uses dash:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Item 1</span>
<span id="cb9-2"><a href="#cb9-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  + </span>Item 2</span>
<span id="cb9-3"><a href="#cb9-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">    - </span>Item 3</span>
<span id="cb9-4"><a href="#cb9-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  + </span>Item 4</span>
<span id="cb9-5"><a href="#cb9-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Item 4</span>
<span id="cb9-6"><a href="#cb9-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  + </span>Item 5</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<p><a name="md005"></a></p>
<h2
id="md005---inconsistent-indentation-for-list-items-at-the-same-level"><code>MD005</code>
- Inconsistent indentation for list items at the same level</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>bullet</code>, <code>indentation</code>,
<code>ul</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>list-indent</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when list items are parsed as being at the
same level, but don’t have the same indentation:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Item 1</span>
<span id="cb10-2"><a href="#cb10-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  * </span>Nested Item 1</span>
<span id="cb10-3"><a href="#cb10-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  * </span>Nested Item 2</span>
<span id="cb10-4"><a href="#cb10-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">   * </span>A misaligned item</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Usually, this rule will be triggered because of a typo. Correct the
indentation for the list to fix it:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Item 1</span>
<span id="cb11-2"><a href="#cb11-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  * </span>Nested Item 1</span>
<span id="cb11-3"><a href="#cb11-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  * </span>Nested Item 2</span>
<span id="cb11-4"><a href="#cb11-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  * </span>Nested Item 3</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Sequentially-ordered list markers are usually left-aligned such that
all items have the same starting column:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>...</span>
<span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">8. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb12-3"><a href="#cb12-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">9. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb12-4"><a href="#cb12-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">10. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb12-5"><a href="#cb12-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">11. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb12-6"><a href="#cb12-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>...</span></code></pre></div>
<p>This rule also supports right-alignment of list markers such that all
items have the same ending column:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb13-1"><a href="#cb13-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>...</span>
<span id="cb13-2"><a href="#cb13-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss"> 8. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb13-3"><a href="#cb13-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss"> 9. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb13-4"><a href="#cb13-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">10. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb13-5"><a href="#cb13-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">11. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb13-6"><a href="#cb13-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>...</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered
content.</p>
<p><a name="md007"></a></p>
<h2 id="md007---unordered-list-indentation"><code>MD007</code> -
Unordered list indentation</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>bullet</code>, <code>indentation</code>,
<code>ul</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>ul-indent</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>indent</code>: Spaces for indent (<code>integer</code>,
default <code>2</code>)</li>
<li><code>start_indent</code>: Spaces for first level indent (when
start_indented is set) (<code>integer</code>, default
<code>2</code>)</li>
<li><code>start_indented</code>: Whether to indent the first level of
the list (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when list items are not indented by the
configured number of spaces (default: 2).</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb14-1"><a href="#cb14-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb14-2"><a href="#cb14-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">   * </span>Nested list item indented by 3 spaces</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Corrected Example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb15-1"><a href="#cb15-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb15-2"><a href="#cb15-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  * </span>Nested list item indented by 2 spaces</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: This rule applies to a sublist only if its parent lists are all
also unordered (otherwise, extra indentation of ordered lists interferes
with the rule).</p>
<p>The <code>start_indented</code> parameter allows the first level of
lists to be indented by the configured number of spaces rather than
starting at zero. The <code>start_indent</code> parameter allows the
first level of lists to be indented by a different number of spaces than
the rest (ignored when <code>start_indented</code> is not set).</p>
<p>Rationale: Indenting by 2 spaces allows the content of a nested list
to be in line with the start of the content of the parent list when a
single space is used after the list marker. Indenting by 4 spaces is
consistent with code blocks and simpler for editors to implement.
Additionally, this can be a compatibility issue for other Markdown
parsers, which require 4-space indents. More information: <a
href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#indentation-of-content-inside-lists">Markdown
Style Guide</a>.</p>
<p>Note: See <a href="Prettier.md">Prettier.md</a> for compatibility
information.</p>
<p><a name="md009"></a></p>
<h2 id="md009---trailing-spaces"><code>MD009</code> - Trailing
spaces</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-trailing-spaces</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>br_spaces</code>: Spaces for line break (<code>integer</code>,
default <code>2</code>)</li>
<li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>,
default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>list_item_empty_lines</code>: Allow spaces for empty lines in
list items (<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>strict</code>: Include unnecessary breaks
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered on any lines that end with unexpected
whitespace. To fix this, remove the trailing space from the end of the
line.</p>
<p>The <code>br_spaces</code> parameter allows an exception to this rule
for a specific number of trailing spaces, typically used to insert an
explicit line break. The default value allows 2 spaces to indicate a
hard break (&lt;br&gt; element). (You must set <code>br_spaces</code> to
a value &gt;= 2 for this parameter to take effect. Setting
<code>br_spaces</code> to 1 behaves the same as 0, disallowing any
trailing spaces.)</p>
<p>By default, trailing space is allowed in indented and fenced code
blocks because some programming languages require that. To report such
instances, set the <code>code_blocks</code> parameter to
<code>true</code>.</p>
<p>By default, this rule will not trigger when the allowed number of
spaces is used, even when it doesn’t create a hard break (for example,
at the end of a paragraph). To report such instances, set the
<code>strict</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb16-1"><a href="#cb16-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Text text text</span>
<span id="cb16-2"><a href="#cb16-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>text<span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">2 spaces</span><span class="co">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Using spaces to indent blank lines inside a list item is usually not
necessary, but some parsers require it. Set the
<code>list_item_empty_lines</code> parameter to <code>true</code> to
allow this (even when <code>strict</code> is <code>true</code>):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb17-1"><a href="#cb17-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>list item text</span>
<span id="cb17-2"><a href="#cb17-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">2 spaces</span><span class="co">]</span></span>
<span id="cb17-3"><a href="#cb17-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  list item text</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Except when being used to create a line break, trailing
whitespace has no purpose and does not affect the rendering of
content.</p>
<p><a name="md010"></a></p>
<h2 id="md010---hard-tabs"><code>MD010</code> - Hard tabs</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>hard_tab</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-hard-tabs</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>,
default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>ignore_code_languages</code>: Fenced code languages to ignore
(<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li>
<li><code>spaces_per_tab</code>: Number of spaces for each hard tab
(<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered by any lines that contain hard tab characters
instead of using spaces for indentation. To fix this, replace any hard
tab characters with spaces instead.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable no-hard-tabs -->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb18"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb18-1"><a href="#cb18-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb18-2"><a href="#cb18-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-3"><a href="#cb18-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    * hard tab character used to indent the list item</span></span></code></pre></div>
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->

<p>Corrected example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb19-1"><a href="#cb19-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb19-2"><a href="#cb19-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb19-3"><a href="#cb19-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    * Spaces used to indent the list item instead</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>You have the option to exclude this rule for code blocks and spans.
To do so, set the <code>code_blocks</code> parameter to
<code>false</code>. Code blocks and spans are included by default since
handling of tabs by Markdown tools can be inconsistent (e.g., using 4
vs. 8 spaces).</p>
<p>When code blocks are scanned (e.g., by default or if
<code>code_blocks</code> is <code>true</code>), the
<code>ignore_code_languages</code> parameter can be set to a list of
languages that should be ignored (i.e., hard tabs will be allowed,
though not required). This makes it easier for documents to include code
for languages that require hard tabs.</p>
<p>By default, violations of this rule are fixed by replacing the tab
with 1 space character. To use a different number of spaces, set the
<code>spaces_per_tab</code> parameter to the desired value.</p>
<p>Rationale: Hard tabs are often rendered inconsistently by different
editors and can be harder to work with than spaces.</p>
<p>More information:</p>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://agiletribe.wordpress.com/2011/10/27/18-dont-use-tab-characters/">https://agiletribe.wordpress.com/2011/10/27/18-dont-use-tab-characters/</a></li>
<li><a
href="https://www.jwz.org/doc/tabs-vs-spaces.html">https://www.jwz.org/doc/tabs-vs-spaces.html</a></li>
<li><a
href="https://adamspiers.org/computing/why_no_tabs.html">https://adamspiers.org/computing/why_no_tabs.html</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a name="md011"></a></p>
<h2 id="md011---reversed-link-syntax"><code>MD011</code> - Reversed link
syntax</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-reversed-links</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when text that appears to be a link is
encountered, but where the syntax appears to have been reversed (the
<code>[]</code> and <code>()</code> are reversed):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb20-1"><a href="#cb20-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>(Incorrect link syntax)<span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">https://www.example.com/</span><span class="co">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, swap the <code>[]</code> and <code>()</code> around:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb21"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb21-1"><a href="#cb21-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Correct link syntax</span><span class="co">](https://www.example.com/)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown_Extra">Markdown
Extra</a>-style footnotes do not trigger this rule:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb22"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb22-1"><a href="#cb22-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>For (example)<span class="ot">[^1]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Reversed links are not rendered as usable links.</p>
<p><a name="md012"></a></p>
<h2 id="md012---multiple-consecutive-blank-lines"><code>MD012</code> -
Multiple consecutive blank lines</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-blanks</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>maximum</code>: Consecutive blank lines (<code>integer</code>,
default <code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when there are multiple consecutive blank
lines in the document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb23-1"><a href="#cb23-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text here</span>
<span id="cb23-2"><a href="#cb23-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb23-3"><a href="#cb23-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb23-4"><a href="#cb23-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some more text here</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, delete the offending lines:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb24"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb24-1"><a href="#cb24-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text here</span>
<span id="cb24-2"><a href="#cb24-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb24-3"><a href="#cb24-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some more text here</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: this rule will not be triggered if there are multiple
consecutive blank lines inside code blocks.</p>
<p>Note: The <code>maximum</code> parameter can be used to configure the
maximum number of consecutive blank lines.</p>
<p>Rationale: Except in a code block, blank lines serve no purpose and
do not affect the rendering of content.</p>
<p><a name="md013"></a></p>
<h2 id="md013---line-length"><code>MD013</code> - Line length</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>line_length</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>line-length</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>code_block_line_length</code>: Number of characters for code
blocks (<code>integer</code>, default <code>80</code>)</li>
<li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>,
default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>heading_line_length</code>: Number of characters for headings
(<code>integer</code>, default <code>80</code>)</li>
<li><code>headings</code>: Include headings (<code>boolean</code>,
default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>line_length</code>: Number of characters
(<code>integer</code>, default <code>80</code>)</li>
<li><code>stern</code>: Stern length checking (<code>boolean</code>,
default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>strict</code>: Strict length checking (<code>boolean</code>,
default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>tables</code>: Include tables (<code>boolean</code>, default
<code>true</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when there are lines that are longer than the
configured <code>line_length</code> (default: 80 characters). To fix
this, split the line up into multiple lines. To set a different maximum
length for headings, use <code>heading_line_length</code>. To set a
different maximum length for code blocks, use
<code>code_block_line_length</code></p>
<p>This rule has an exception when there is no whitespace beyond the
configured line length. This allows you to include items such as long
URLs without being forced to break them in the middle. To disable this
exception, set the <code>strict</code> parameter to <code>true</code>
and an issue will be reported when any line is too long. To warn for
lines that are too long and could be fixed but allow long lines without
spaces, set the <code>stern</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<p>For example (assuming normal behavior):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb25"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb25-1"><a href="#cb25-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>IF THIS LINE IS THE MAXIMUM LENGTH</span>
<span id="cb25-2"><a href="#cb25-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This line is okay because there are-no-spaces-beyond-that-length</span>
<span id="cb25-3"><a href="#cb25-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This line is a violation because there are spaces beyond that length</span>
<span id="cb25-4"><a href="#cb25-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This-line-is-okay-because-there-are-no-spaces-anywhere-within</span></code></pre></div>
<p>In <code>strict</code> mode, the last three lines above are all
violations. In <code>stern</code> mode, the middle two lines above are
both violations, but the last is okay.</p>
<p>You have the option to exclude this rule for code blocks, tables, or
headings. To do so, set the <code>code_blocks</code>,
<code>tables</code>, or <code>headings</code> parameter(s) to false.</p>
<p>Code blocks are included in this rule by default since it is often a
requirement for document readability, and tentatively compatible with
code rules. Still, some languages do not lend themselves to short
lines.</p>
<p>Lines with link/image reference definitions and standalone lines
(i.e., not part of a paragraph) with only a link/image (possibly using
(strong) emphasis) are always exempted from this rule (even in
<code>strict</code> mode) because there is often no way to split such
lines without breaking the URL.</p>
<p>Rationale: Extremely long lines can be difficult to work with in some
editors. More information: <a
href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#line-wrapping">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#line-wrapping</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md014"></a></p>
<h2
id="md014---dollar-signs-used-before-commands-without-showing-output"><code>MD014</code>
- Dollar signs used before commands without showing output</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>code</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>commands-show-output</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when there are code blocks showing shell
commands to be typed, and <em>all</em> of the shell commands are
preceded by dollar signs ($):</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable commands-show-output -->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb26"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb26-1"><a href="#cb26-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>$ ls</span>
<span id="cb26-2"><a href="#cb26-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>$ cat foo</span>
<span id="cb26-3"><a href="#cb26-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>$ less bar</span></code></pre></div>
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->

<p>The dollar signs are unnecessary in this situation, and should not be
included:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb27-1"><a href="#cb27-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>ls</span>
<span id="cb27-2"><a href="#cb27-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>cat foo</span>
<span id="cb27-3"><a href="#cb27-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>less bar</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Showing output for commands preceded by dollar signs does not trigger
this rule:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb28"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb28-1"><a href="#cb28-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>$ ls</span>
<span id="cb28-2"><a href="#cb28-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>foo bar</span>
<span id="cb28-3"><a href="#cb28-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>$ cat foo</span>
<span id="cb28-4"><a href="#cb28-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Hello world</span>
<span id="cb28-5"><a href="#cb28-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>$ cat bar</span>
<span id="cb28-6"><a href="#cb28-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>baz</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Because some commands do not produce output, it is not a violation if
<em>some</em> commands do not have output:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb29-1"><a href="#cb29-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>$ mkdir test</span>
<span id="cb29-2"><a href="#cb29-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>mkdir: created directory &#39;test&#39;</span>
<span id="cb29-3"><a href="#cb29-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>$ ls test</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: It is easier to copy/paste and less noisy if the dollar
signs are omitted when they are not needed. See <a
href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#dollar-signs-in-shell-code">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#dollar-signs-in-shell-code</a>
for more information.</p>
<p><a name="md018"></a></p>
<h2
id="md018---no-space-after-hash-on-atx-style-heading"><code>MD018</code>
- No space after hash on atx style heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>atx</code>, <code>headings</code>,
<code>spaces</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-missing-space-atx</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when spaces are missing after the hash
characters in an atx style heading:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb30"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb30-1"><a href="#cb30-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>#Heading 1</span>
<span id="cb30-2"><a href="#cb30-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb30-3"><a href="#cb30-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>##Heading 2</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a
single space:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb31"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb31-1"><a href="#cb31-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading 1</span></span>
<span id="cb31-2"><a href="#cb31-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb31-3"><a href="#cb31-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Heading 2</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered
content.</p>
<p><a name="md019"></a></p>
<h2
id="md019---multiple-spaces-after-hash-on-atx-style-heading"><code>MD019</code>
- Multiple spaces after hash on atx style heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>atx</code>, <code>headings</code>,
<code>spaces</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-space-atx</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when more than one space is used to separate
the heading text from the hash characters in an atx style heading:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb32"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb32-1"><a href="#cb32-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">#  Heading 1</span></span>
<span id="cb32-2"><a href="#cb32-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb32-3"><a href="#cb32-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">##  Heading 2</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a
single space:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb33"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb33-1"><a href="#cb33-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading 1</span></span>
<span id="cb33-2"><a href="#cb33-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-3"><a href="#cb33-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Heading 2</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Extra space has no purpose and does not affect the
rendering of content.</p>
<p><a name="md020"></a></p>
<h2
id="md020---no-space-inside-hashes-on-closed-atx-style-heading"><code>MD020</code>
- No space inside hashes on closed atx style heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>atx_closed</code>, <code>headings</code>,
<code>spaces</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-missing-space-closed-atx</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when spaces are missing inside the hash
characters in a closed atx style heading:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb34"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb34-1"><a href="#cb34-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>#Heading 1#</span>
<span id="cb34-2"><a href="#cb34-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb34-3"><a href="#cb34-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>##Heading 2##</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a
single space:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb35"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb35-1"><a href="#cb35-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading 1 #</span></span>
<span id="cb35-2"><a href="#cb35-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb35-3"><a href="#cb35-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Heading 2 ##</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: this rule will fire if either side of the heading is missing
spaces.</p>
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered
content.</p>
<p><a name="md021"></a></p>
<h2
id="md021---multiple-spaces-inside-hashes-on-closed-atx-style-heading"><code>MD021</code>
- Multiple spaces inside hashes on closed atx style heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>atx_closed</code>, <code>headings</code>,
<code>spaces</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-space-closed-atx</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when more than one space is used to separate
the heading text from the hash characters in a closed atx style
heading:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb36"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb36-1"><a href="#cb36-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">#  Heading 1  #</span></span>
<span id="cb36-2"><a href="#cb36-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb36-3"><a href="#cb36-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">##  Heading 2  ##</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, separate the heading text from the hash character by a
single space:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb37"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb37-1"><a href="#cb37-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading 1 #</span></span>
<span id="cb37-2"><a href="#cb37-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb37-3"><a href="#cb37-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Heading 2 ##</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: this rule will fire if either side of the heading contains
multiple spaces.</p>
<p>Rationale: Extra space has no purpose and does not affect the
rendering of content.</p>
<p><a name="md022"></a></p>
<h2
id="md022---headings-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD022</code>
- Headings should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-headings</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>include_front_matter</code>: Include front matter content
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>lines_above</code>: Blank lines above heading
(<code>integer|integer[]</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
<li><code>lines_below</code>: Blank lines below heading
(<code>integer|integer[]</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when headings (any style) are either not
preceded or not followed by at least one blank line:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb38"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb38-1"><a href="#cb38-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading 1</span></span>
<span id="cb38-2"><a href="#cb38-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb38-3"><a href="#cb38-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb38-4"><a href="#cb38-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some more text</span>
<span id="cb38-5"><a href="#cb38-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Heading 2</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, ensure that all headings have a blank line both before
and after (except where the heading is at the beginning or end of the
document):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb39"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb39-1"><a href="#cb39-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading 1</span></span>
<span id="cb39-2"><a href="#cb39-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb39-3"><a href="#cb39-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb39-4"><a href="#cb39-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb39-5"><a href="#cb39-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some more text</span>
<span id="cb39-6"><a href="#cb39-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb39-7"><a href="#cb39-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Heading 2</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>The <code>lines_above</code> and <code>lines_below</code> parameters
can be used to specify a different number of blank lines (including
<code>0</code>) above or below each heading. If the value
<code>-1</code> is used for either parameter, any number of blank lines
is allowed. To customize the number of lines above or below each heading
level individually, specify a <code>number[]</code> where values
correspond to heading levels 1-6 (in order).</p>
<p>Notes: If <code>lines_above</code> or <code>lines_below</code> are
configured to require more than one blank line, <a
href="md012.md">MD012/no-multiple-blanks</a> should also be customized.
This rule checks for <em>at least</em> as many blank lines as specified;
any extra blank lines are ignored.</p>
<p>By default, <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front
matter is ignored, so the following document reports no violations:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb40"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb40-1"><a href="#cb40-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">---</span></span>
<span id="cb40-2"><a href="#cb40-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">title:</span><span class="co"> Title</span></span>
<span id="cb40-3"><a href="#cb40-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">---</span></span>
<span id="cb40-4"><a href="#cb40-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Heading</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To require the configured number of blank lines between front matter
content and a document’s first heading, set the
<code>include_front_matter</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<p>Rationale: Aside from aesthetic reasons, some parsers, including
<code>kramdown</code>, will not parse headings that don’t have a blank
line before, and will parse them as regular text.</p>
<p><a name="md023"></a></p>
<h2
id="md023---headings-must-start-at-the-beginning-of-the-line"><code>MD023</code>
- Headings must start at the beginning of the line</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code>, <code>spaces</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>heading-start-left</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when a heading is indented by one or more
spaces:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb41"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb41-1"><a href="#cb41-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb41-2"><a href="#cb41-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb41-3"><a href="#cb41-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  # Indented heading</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, ensure that all headings start at the beginning of the
line:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb42"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb42-1"><a href="#cb42-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb42-2"><a href="#cb42-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb42-3"><a href="#cb42-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note that scenarios like block quotes “indent” the start of the line,
so the following is also correct:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb43"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb43-1"><a href="#cb43-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; # Heading in Block Quote</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Headings that don’t start at the beginning of the line
will not be parsed as headings, and will instead appear as regular
text.</p>
<p><a name="md024"></a></p>
<h2
id="md024---multiple-headings-with-the-same-content"><code>MD024</code>
- Multiple headings with the same content</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-duplicate-heading</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>siblings_only</code>: Only check sibling headings
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered if there are multiple headings in the document
that have the same text:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb44"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb44-1"><a href="#cb44-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Some text</span></span>
<span id="cb44-2"><a href="#cb44-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb44-3"><a href="#cb44-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Some text</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, ensure that the content of each heading is
different:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb45"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb45-1"><a href="#cb45-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Some text</span></span>
<span id="cb45-2"><a href="#cb45-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb45-3"><a href="#cb45-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Some more text</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>If the parameter <code>siblings_only</code> is set to
<code>true</code>, duplication is allowed for headings with different
parents (as is common in changelogs):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb46"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb46-1"><a href="#cb46-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Change log</span></span>
<span id="cb46-2"><a href="#cb46-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb46-3"><a href="#cb46-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## 1.0.0</span></span>
<span id="cb46-4"><a href="#cb46-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb46-5"><a href="#cb46-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### Features</span></span>
<span id="cb46-6"><a href="#cb46-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb46-7"><a href="#cb46-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## 2.0.0</span></span>
<span id="cb46-8"><a href="#cb46-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb46-9"><a href="#cb46-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### Features</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Some Markdown parsers generate anchors for headings based
on the heading name; headings with the same content can cause problems
with that.</p>
<p><a name="md025"></a></p>
<h2
id="md025---multiple-top-level-headings-in-the-same-document"><code>MD025</code>
- Multiple top-level headings in the same document</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>single-h1</code>, <code>single-title</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>front_matter_title</code>: RegExp for matching title in front
matter (<code>string</code>, default <code>^\s*title\s*[:=]</code>)</li>
<li><code>level</code>: Heading level (<code>integer</code>, default
<code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when a top-level heading is in use (the first
line of the file is an h1 heading), and more than one h1 heading is in
use in the document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb47"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb47-1"><a href="#cb47-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Top level heading</span></span>
<span id="cb47-2"><a href="#cb47-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb47-3"><a href="#cb47-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Another top-level heading</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix, structure your document so there is a single h1 heading that
is the title for the document. Subsequent headings must be lower-level
headings (h2, h3, etc.):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb48"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb48-1"><a href="#cb48-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Title</span></span>
<span id="cb48-2"><a href="#cb48-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb48-3"><a href="#cb48-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Heading</span></span>
<span id="cb48-4"><a href="#cb48-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb48-5"><a href="#cb48-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Another heading</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: The <code>level</code> parameter can be used to change the
top-level (ex: to h2) in cases where an h1 is added externally.</p>
<p>If <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is
present and contains a <code>title</code> property (commonly used with
blog posts), this rule treats that as a top level heading and will
report a violation for any subsequent top-level headings. To use a
different property name in the front matter, specify the text of a
regular expression via the <code>front_matter_title</code> parameter. To
disable the use of front matter by this rule, specify <code>""</code>
for <code>front_matter_title</code>.</p>
<p>Rationale: A top-level heading is an h1 on the first line of the
file, and serves as the title for the document. If this convention is in
use, then there can not be more than one title for the document, and the
entire document should be contained within this heading.</p>
<p><a name="md026"></a></p>
<h2 id="md026---trailing-punctuation-in-heading"><code>MD026</code> -
Trailing punctuation in heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-trailing-punctuation</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>punctuation</code>: Punctuation characters
(<code>string</code>, default <code>.,;:!。,;:!</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered on any heading that has one of the specified
normal or full-width punctuation characters as the last character in the
line:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb49"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb49-1"><a href="#cb49-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># This is a heading.</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, remove the trailing punctuation:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb50"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb50-1"><a href="#cb50-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># This is a heading</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: The <code>punctuation</code> parameter can be used to specify
what characters count as punctuation at the end of a heading. For
example, you can change it to <code>".,;:"</code> to allow headings that
end with an exclamation point. <code>?</code> is allowed by default
because of how common it is in headings of FAQ-style documents. Setting
the <code>punctuation</code> parameter to <code>""</code> allows all
characters - and is equivalent to disabling the rule.</p>
<p>Note: The trailing semicolon of <a
href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references">HTML
entity references</a> like <code>&amp;copy;</code>,
<code>&amp;#169;</code>, and <code>&amp;#x000A9;</code> is ignored by
this rule.</p>
<p>Rationale: Headings are not meant to be full sentences. More
information: <a
href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#punctuation-at-the-end-of-headers">Punctuation
at the end of headers</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md027"></a></p>
<h2
id="md027---multiple-spaces-after-blockquote-symbol"><code>MD027</code>
- Multiple spaces after blockquote symbol</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blockquote</code>, <code>indentation</code>,
<code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-multiple-space-blockquote</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>list_items</code>: Include list items (<code>boolean</code>,
default <code>true</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when blockquotes have more than one space
after the blockquote (<code>&gt;</code>) symbol:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb51"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb51-1"><a href="#cb51-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt;  This is a blockquote with bad indentation</span></span>
<span id="cb51-2"><a href="#cb51-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt;  there should only be one.</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix, remove any extraneous space:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb52"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb52-1"><a href="#cb52-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; This is a blockquote with correct</span></span>
<span id="cb52-2"><a href="#cb52-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; indentation.</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Inferring intended list indentation within a blockquote can be
challenging; setting the <code>list_items</code> parameter to
<code>false</code> disables this rule for ordered and unordered list
items.</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<p><a name="md028"></a></p>
<h2 id="md028---blank-line-inside-blockquote"><code>MD028</code> - Blank
line inside blockquote</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blockquote</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-blanks-blockquote</code></p>
<p>This rule is triggered when two blockquote blocks are separated by
nothing but a blank line:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb53"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb53-1"><a href="#cb53-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; This is a blockquote</span></span>
<span id="cb53-2"><a href="#cb53-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; which is immediately followed by</span></span>
<span id="cb53-3"><a href="#cb53-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb53-4"><a href="#cb53-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; this blockquote. In some cases,</span></span>
<span id="cb53-5"><a href="#cb53-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; these may be merged into one blockquote.</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, ensure that consecutive blockquotes have text (or an
HTML comment) in between:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb54"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb54-1"><a href="#cb54-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; This is a blockquote.</span></span>
<span id="cb54-2"><a href="#cb54-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb54-3"><a href="#cb54-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This is paragraph text.</span>
<span id="cb54-4"><a href="#cb54-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb54-5"><a href="#cb54-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; This is a second blockquote.</span></span>
<span id="cb54-6"><a href="#cb54-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb54-7"><a href="#cb54-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">&lt;!-- This is an HTML comment --&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb54-8"><a href="#cb54-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb54-9"><a href="#cb54-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; This is a third blockquote.</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>If they are meant to be a single quote, add the blockquote symbol at
the beginning of the blank line:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb55"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb55-1"><a href="#cb55-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; This is a blockquote.</span></span>
<span id="cb55-2"><a href="#cb55-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb55-3"><a href="#cb55-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; This is the same blockquote.</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Some Markdown parsers will treat two blockquotes separated
by one or more blank lines as the same blockquote, while others will
treat them as separate blockquotes.</p>
<p><a name="md029"></a></p>
<h2 id="md029---ordered-list-item-prefix"><code>MD029</code> - Ordered
list item prefix</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>ol</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>ol-prefix</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: List style (<code>string</code>, default
<code>one_or_ordered</code>, values <code>one</code> /
<code>one_or_ordered</code> / <code>ordered</code> /
<code>zero</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered for ordered lists that do not either start
with ‘1.’ or do not have a prefix that increases in numerical order
(depending on the configured style). The less-common pattern of using
‘0.’ as a first prefix or for all prefixes is also supported.</p>
<p>Example valid list if the style is configured as ‘one’:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb56"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb56-1"><a href="#cb56-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Do this.</span>
<span id="cb56-2"><a href="#cb56-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Do that.</span>
<span id="cb56-3"><a href="#cb56-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Done.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Examples of valid lists if the style is configured as ‘ordered’:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb57"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb57-1"><a href="#cb57-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Do this.</span>
<span id="cb57-2"><a href="#cb57-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">2. </span>Do that.</span>
<span id="cb57-3"><a href="#cb57-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">3. </span>Done.</span></code></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb58"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb58-1"><a href="#cb58-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">0. </span>Do this.</span>
<span id="cb58-2"><a href="#cb58-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Do that.</span>
<span id="cb58-3"><a href="#cb58-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">2. </span>Done.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>All three examples are valid when the style is configured as
‘one_or_ordered’.</p>
<p>Example valid list if the style is configured as ‘zero’:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb59"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb59-1"><a href="#cb59-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">0. </span>Do this.</span>
<span id="cb59-2"><a href="#cb59-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">0. </span>Do that.</span>
<span id="cb59-3"><a href="#cb59-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">0. </span>Done.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Example invalid list for all styles:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb60"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb60-1"><a href="#cb60-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Do this.</span>
<span id="cb60-2"><a href="#cb60-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">3. </span>Done.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>This rule supports 0-prefixing ordered list items for uniform
indentation:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb61"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb61-1"><a href="#cb61-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>...</span>
<span id="cb61-2"><a href="#cb61-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">08. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb61-3"><a href="#cb61-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">09. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb61-4"><a href="#cb61-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">10. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb61-5"><a href="#cb61-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">11. </span>Item</span>
<span id="cb61-6"><a href="#cb61-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>...</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: This rule will report violations for cases like the following
where an improperly-indented code block (or similar) appears between two
list items and “breaks” the list in two:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable code-fence-style -->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb62"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb62-1"><a href="#cb62-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>First list</span>
<span id="cb62-2"><a href="#cb62-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb62-3"><a href="#cb62-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```text</span></span>
<span id="cb62-4"><a href="#cb62-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">Code block</span></span>
<span id="cb62-5"><a href="#cb62-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb62-6"><a href="#cb62-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb62-7"><a href="#cb62-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Second list</span></code></pre></div>
<p>The fix is to indent the code block so it becomes part of the
preceding list item as intended:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb63"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb63-1"><a href="#cb63-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>First list</span>
<span id="cb63-2"><a href="#cb63-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb63-3"><a href="#cb63-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>   <span class="in">```text</span></span>
<span id="cb63-4"><a href="#cb63-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">   Code block</span></span>
<span id="cb63-5"><a href="#cb63-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">   ```</span></span>
<span id="cb63-6"><a href="#cb63-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb63-7"><a href="#cb63-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">2. </span>Still first list</span></code></pre></div>
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->

<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<p><a name="md030"></a></p>
<h2 id="md030---spaces-after-list-markers"><code>MD030</code> - Spaces
after list markers</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>ol</code>, <code>ul</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>list-marker-space</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ol_multi</code>: Spaces for multi-line ordered list items
(<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
<li><code>ol_single</code>: Spaces for single-line ordered list items
(<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
<li><code>ul_multi</code>: Spaces for multi-line unordered list items
(<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
<li><code>ul_single</code>: Spaces for single-line unordered list items
(<code>integer</code>, default <code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule checks for the number of spaces between a list marker (e.g.
‘<code>-</code>’, ‘<code>*</code>’, ‘<code>+</code>’ or
‘<code>1.</code>’) and the text of the list item.</p>
<p>The number of spaces checked for depends on the document style in
use, but the default is 1 space after any list marker:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb64"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb64-1"><a href="#cb64-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Foo</span>
<span id="cb64-2"><a href="#cb64-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Bar</span>
<span id="cb64-3"><a href="#cb64-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Baz</span>
<span id="cb64-4"><a href="#cb64-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb64-5"><a href="#cb64-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Foo</span>
<span id="cb64-6"><a href="#cb64-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Bar</span>
<span id="cb64-7"><a href="#cb64-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Baz</span>
<span id="cb64-8"><a href="#cb64-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb64-9"><a href="#cb64-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Foo</span>
<span id="cb64-10"><a href="#cb64-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">   * </span>Bar</span>
<span id="cb64-11"><a href="#cb64-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Baz</span></code></pre></div>
<p>A document style may change the number of spaces after unordered list
items and ordered list items independently, as well as based on whether
the content of every item in the list consists of a single paragraph or
multiple paragraphs (including sub-lists and code blocks).</p>
<p>For example, the style guide at <a
href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#spaces-after-list-marker">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#spaces-after-list-marker</a>
specifies that 1 space after the list marker should be used if every
item in the list fits within a single paragraph, but to use 2 or 3
spaces (for ordered and unordered lists respectively) if there are
multiple paragraphs of content inside the list:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb65"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb65-1"><a href="#cb65-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Foo</span>
<span id="cb65-2"><a href="#cb65-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Bar</span>
<span id="cb65-3"><a href="#cb65-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>Baz</span></code></pre></div>
<p>vs.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb66"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb66-1"><a href="#cb66-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">*   </span>Foo</span>
<span id="cb66-2"><a href="#cb66-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb66-3"><a href="#cb66-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    Second paragraph</span>
<span id="cb66-4"><a href="#cb66-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb66-5"><a href="#cb66-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">*   </span>Bar</span></code></pre></div>
<p>or</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb67"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb67-1"><a href="#cb67-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1.  </span>Foo</span>
<span id="cb67-2"><a href="#cb67-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb67-3"><a href="#cb67-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    Second paragraph</span>
<span id="cb67-4"><a href="#cb67-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb67-5"><a href="#cb67-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1.  </span>Bar</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, ensure the correct number of spaces are used after the
list marker for your selected document style.</p>
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule can lead to improperly rendered
content.</p>
<p>Note: See <a href="Prettier.md">Prettier.md</a> for compatibility
information.</p>
<p><a name="md031"></a></p>
<h2
id="md031---fenced-code-blocks-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD031</code>
- Fenced code blocks should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>code</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-fences</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>list_items</code>: Include list items (<code>boolean</code>,
default <code>true</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when fenced code blocks are either not
preceded or not followed by a blank line:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb68"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb68-1"><a href="#cb68-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb68-2"><a href="#cb68-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb68-3"><a href="#cb68-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">Code block</span></span>
<span id="cb68-4"><a href="#cb68-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb68-5"><a href="#cb68-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb68-6"><a href="#cb68-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb68-7"><a href="#cb68-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">Another code block</span></span>
<span id="cb68-8"><a href="#cb68-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb68-9"><a href="#cb68-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some more text</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, ensure that all fenced code blocks have a blank line
both before and after (except where the block is at the beginning or end
of the document):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb69"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb69-1"><a href="#cb69-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb69-2"><a href="#cb69-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb69-3"><a href="#cb69-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb69-4"><a href="#cb69-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">Code block</span></span>
<span id="cb69-5"><a href="#cb69-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb69-6"><a href="#cb69-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb69-7"><a href="#cb69-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb69-8"><a href="#cb69-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">Another code block</span></span>
<span id="cb69-9"><a href="#cb69-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb69-10"><a href="#cb69-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb69-11"><a href="#cb69-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some more text</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Set the <code>list_items</code> parameter to <code>false</code> to
disable this rule for list items. Disabling this behavior for lists can
be useful if it is necessary to create a <a
href="https://spec.commonmark.org/0.29/#tight">tight</a> list containing
a code fence.</p>
<p>Rationale: Aside from aesthetic reasons, some parsers, including
kramdown, will not parse fenced code blocks that don’t have blank lines
before and after them.</p>
<p><a name="md032"></a></p>
<h2
id="md032---lists-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD032</code>
- Lists should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code>, <code>bullet</code>, <code>ol</code>,
<code>ul</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-lists</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when lists (of any kind) are either not
preceded or not followed by a blank line:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb70"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb70-1"><a href="#cb70-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb70-2"><a href="#cb70-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb70-3"><a href="#cb70-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb70-4"><a href="#cb70-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb70-5"><a href="#cb70-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb70-6"><a href="#cb70-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">2. </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb70-7"><a href="#cb70-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>***</span></code></pre></div>
<p>In the first case above, text immediately precedes the unordered
list. In the second case above, a thematic break immediately follows the
ordered list. To fix violations of this rule, ensure that all lists have
a blank line both before and after (except when the list is at the very
beginning or end of the document):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb71"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb71-1"><a href="#cb71-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb71-2"><a href="#cb71-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb71-3"><a href="#cb71-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb71-4"><a href="#cb71-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb71-5"><a href="#cb71-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb71-6"><a href="#cb71-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb71-7"><a href="#cb71-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">2. </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb71-8"><a href="#cb71-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb71-9"><a href="#cb71-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>***</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note that the following case is <strong>not</strong> a violation of
this rule:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb72"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb72-1"><a href="#cb72-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb72-2"><a href="#cb72-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>   More item 1</span>
<span id="cb72-3"><a href="#cb72-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">2. </span>List item</span>
<span id="cb72-4"><a href="#cb72-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>More item 2</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Although it is not indented, the text “More item 2” is referred to as
a <a
href="https://spec.commonmark.org/0.30/#lazy-continuation-line">lazy
continuation line</a> and considered part of the second list item.</p>
<p>Rationale: In addition to aesthetic reasons, some parsers, including
kramdown, will not parse lists that don’t have blank lines before and
after them.</p>
<p><a name="md033"></a></p>
<h2 id="md033---inline-html"><code>MD033</code> - Inline HTML</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>html</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-inline-html</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>allowed_elements</code>: Allowed elements
(<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li>
<li><code>table_allowed_elements</code>: Allowed elements in tables
(<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered whenever raw HTML is used in a Markdown
document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb73"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb73-1"><a href="#cb73-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">h1</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>Inline HTML heading<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">h1</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, use ‘pure’ Markdown instead of including raw HTML:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb74"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb74-1"><a href="#cb74-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Markdown heading</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To allow specific HTML elements anywhere in Markdown content, set the
<code>allowed_elements</code> parameter to a list of HTML element names.
To allow a specific set of HTML elements within Markdown tables, set the
<code>table_allowed_elements</code> parameter to a list of HTML element
names. This can be used to permit the use of
<code>&lt;br&gt;</code>-style line breaks only within Markdown
tables.</p>
<p>Rationale: Raw HTML is allowed in Markdown, but this rule is included
for those who want their documents to only include “pure” Markdown, or
for those who are rendering Markdown documents into something other than
HTML.</p>
<p><a name="md034"></a></p>
<h2 id="md034---bare-url-used"><code>MD034</code> - Bare URL used</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>links</code>, <code>url</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-bare-urls</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered whenever a URL or email address appears
without surrounding angle brackets:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb75"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb75-1"><a href="#cb75-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>For more info, visit https://www.example.com/ or email user@example.com.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, add angle brackets around the URL or email address:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb76"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb76-1"><a href="#cb76-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>For more info, visit <span class="ot">&lt;https://www.example.com/&gt;</span> or email <span class="ot">&lt;user@example.com&gt;</span>.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>If a URL or email address contains non-ASCII characters, it may be
not be handled as intended even when angle brackets are present. In such
cases, <a
href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding">percent-encoding</a>
can be used to comply with the required syntax for URL and email.</p>
<p>Note: To include a bare URL or email without it being converted into
a link, wrap it in a code span:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb77"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb77-1"><a href="#cb77-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">Not a clickable link:</span><span class="co"> `https://www.example.com`</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: The following scenario does not trigger this rule because it
could be a shortcut link:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb78"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb78-1"><a href="#cb78-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">https://www.example.com</span><span class="co">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: The following syntax triggers this rule because the nested link
could be a shortcut link (which takes precedence):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb79"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb79-1"><a href="#cb79-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">text [shortcut] text</span><span class="co">](https://example.com)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To avoid this, escape both inner brackets:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb80"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb80-1"><a href="#cb80-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">link \[text\] link</span><span class="co">](https://example.com)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Without angle brackets, a bare URL or email isn’t
converted into a link by some Markdown parsers.</p>
<p><a name="md035"></a></p>
<h2 id="md035---horizontal-rule-style"><code>MD035</code> - Horizontal
rule style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>hr</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>hr-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Horizontal rule style (<code>string</code>,
default <code>consistent</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when inconsistent styles of horizontal rules
(also known as “thematic breaks”) are used in a document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb81"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb81-1"><a href="#cb81-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">---</span></span>
<span id="cb81-2"><a href="#cb81-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb81-3"><a href="#cb81-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">- - -</span></span>
<span id="cb81-4"><a href="#cb81-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb81-5"><a href="#cb81-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">***</span></span>
<span id="cb81-6"><a href="#cb81-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb81-7"><a href="#cb81-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">* * *</span></span>
<span id="cb81-8"><a href="#cb81-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb81-9"><a href="#cb81-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">****</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, use the same horizontal rule syntax everywhere:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb82"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb82-1"><a href="#cb82-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">---</span></span>
<span id="cb82-2"><a href="#cb82-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb82-3"><a href="#cb82-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">---</span></span>
<span id="cb82-4"><a href="#cb82-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb82-5"><a href="#cb82-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>---</span></code></pre></div>
<p>The <code>style</code> parameter’s default value
<code>consistent</code> ensures all horizontal rules in a document match
the first horizontal rule in that document. To enforce a specific
pattern of characters, set the <code>style</code> parameter to that
string (e.g., <code>"* * *"</code>).</p>
<p>Note: In order to be recognized as a horizontal rule, a line must
contain three or more matching <code>-</code>, <code>_</code>, or
<code>*</code> characters with optional space between.</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<p><a name="md036"></a></p>
<h2 id="md036---emphasis-used-instead-of-a-heading"><code>MD036</code> -
Emphasis used instead of a heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code>, <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-emphasis-as-heading</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>punctuation</code>: Punctuation characters
(<code>string</code>, default <code>.,;:!?。,;:!?</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This check looks for instances where emphasized (i.e. bold or italic)
text is used to separate sections, where a heading should be used
instead:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb83"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb83-1"><a href="#cb83-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>**My document**</span>
<span id="cb83-2"><a href="#cb83-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb83-3"><a href="#cb83-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...</span>
<span id="cb83-4"><a href="#cb83-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb83-5"><a href="#cb83-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>_Another section_</span>
<span id="cb83-6"><a href="#cb83-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb83-7"><a href="#cb83-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, use Markdown headings instead of emphasized text to
denote sections:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb84"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb84-1"><a href="#cb84-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># My document</span></span>
<span id="cb84-2"><a href="#cb84-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb84-3"><a href="#cb84-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...</span>
<span id="cb84-4"><a href="#cb84-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb84-5"><a href="#cb84-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Another section</span></span>
<span id="cb84-6"><a href="#cb84-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb84-7"><a href="#cb84-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: This rule looks for single-line paragraphs that consist
entirely of emphasized text. It won’t fire on emphasis used within
regular text, multi-line emphasized paragraphs, or paragraphs ending in
punctuation (normal or full-width). Similarly to rule MD026, you can
configure what characters are recognized as punctuation.</p>
<p>Rationale: Using emphasis instead of a heading prevents tools from
inferring the structure of a document. More information: <a
href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#emphasis-vs-headers">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#emphasis-vs-headers</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md037"></a></p>
<h2 id="md037---spaces-inside-emphasis-markers"><code>MD037</code> -
Spaces inside emphasis markers</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-space-in-emphasis</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when emphasis markers (bold, italic) are used,
but they have spaces between the markers and the text:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb85"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb85-1"><a href="#cb85-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Here is some ** bold ** text.</span>
<span id="cb85-2"><a href="#cb85-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb85-3"><a href="#cb85-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Here is some * italic * text.</span>
<span id="cb85-4"><a href="#cb85-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb85-5"><a href="#cb85-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Here is some more __ bold __ text.</span>
<span id="cb85-6"><a href="#cb85-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb85-7"><a href="#cb85-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Here is some more _ italic _ text.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, remove the spaces around the emphasis markers:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb86"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb86-1"><a href="#cb86-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Here is some **bold** text.</span>
<span id="cb86-2"><a href="#cb86-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb86-3"><a href="#cb86-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Here is some *italic* text.</span>
<span id="cb86-4"><a href="#cb86-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb86-5"><a href="#cb86-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Here is some more __bold__ text.</span>
<span id="cb86-6"><a href="#cb86-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb86-7"><a href="#cb86-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Here is some more _italic_ text.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Emphasis is only parsed as such when the
asterisks/underscores aren’t surrounded by spaces. This rule attempts to
detect where they were surrounded by spaces, but it appears that
emphasized text was intended by the author.</p>
<p><a name="md038"></a></p>
<h2 id="md038---spaces-inside-code-span-elements"><code>MD038</code> -
Spaces inside code span elements</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>code</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-space-in-code</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered for code spans containing content with
unnecessary space next to the beginning or ending backticks:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb87"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb87-1"><a href="#cb87-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">`some text `</span></span>
<span id="cb87-2"><a href="#cb87-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb87-3"><a href="#cb87-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">` some text`</span></span>
<span id="cb87-4"><a href="#cb87-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb87-5"><a href="#cb87-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">`   some text   `</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, remove the extra space characters from the beginning and
ending:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb88"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb88-1"><a href="#cb88-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">`some text`</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: A single leading <em>and</em> trailing space is allowed by the
specification and trimmed by the parser to support code spans that begin
or end with a backtick:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb89"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb89-1"><a href="#cb89-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>`<span class="in">` `</span>backticks` ``</span>
<span id="cb89-2"><a href="#cb89-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb89-3"><a href="#cb89-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>`<span class="in">` backtick`</span> ``</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: When single-space padding is present in the input, it will be
preserved (even if unnecessary):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb90"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb90-1"><a href="#cb90-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">` code `</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: Code spans containing only spaces are allowed by the
specification and are also preserved:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb91"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb91-1"><a href="#cb91-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">` `</span></span>
<span id="cb91-2"><a href="#cb91-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb91-3"><a href="#cb91-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">`   `</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Violations of this rule are usually unintentional and can
lead to improperly-rendered content.</p>
<p><a name="md039"></a></p>
<h2 id="md039---spaces-inside-link-text"><code>MD039</code> - Spaces
inside link text</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>links</code>, <code>whitespace</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-space-in-links</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered on links that have spaces surrounding the link
text:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb92"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb92-1"><a href="#cb92-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot"> a link </span><span class="co">](https://www.example.com/)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, remove the spaces surrounding the link text:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb93"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb93-1"><a href="#cb93-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">a link</span><span class="co">](https://www.example.com/)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<p><a name="md040"></a></p>
<h2
id="md040---fenced-code-blocks-should-have-a-language-specified"><code>MD040</code>
- Fenced code blocks should have a language specified</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>code</code>, <code>language</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>fenced-code-language</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>allowed_languages</code>: List of languages
(<code>string[]</code>, default <code>[]</code>)</li>
<li><code>language_only</code>: Require language only
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when fenced code blocks are used, but a
language isn’t specified:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb94"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb94-1"><a href="#cb94-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb94-2"><a href="#cb94-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">#!/bin/bash</span></span>
<span id="cb94-3"><a href="#cb94-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">echo Hello world</span></span>
<span id="cb94-4"><a href="#cb94-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, add a language specifier to the code block:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb95"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb95-1"><a href="#cb95-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```bash</span></span>
<span id="cb95-2"><a href="#cb95-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#!/bin/bash</span></span>
<span id="cb95-3"><a href="#cb95-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">echo</span> Hello world</span>
<span id="cb95-4"><a href="#cb95-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To display a code block without syntax highlighting, use:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb96"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb96-1"><a href="#cb96-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```text</span></span>
<span id="cb96-2"><a href="#cb96-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">Plain text in a code block</span></span>
<span id="cb96-3"><a href="#cb96-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>You can configure the <code>allowed_languages</code> parameter to
specify a list of languages code blocks could use. Languages are case
sensitive. The default value is <code>[]</code> which means any language
specifier is valid.</p>
<p>You can prevent extra data from being present in the info string of
fenced code blocks. To do so, set the <code>language_only</code>
parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line no-space-in-code -->

<p>Info strings with leading/trailing whitespace (ex: <code>js </code>)
or other content (ex: <code>ruby startline=3</code>) will trigger this
rule.</p>
<p>Rationale: Specifying a language improves content rendering by using
the correct syntax highlighting for code. More information: <a
href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#option-code-fenced">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#option-code-fenced</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md041"></a></p>
<h2
id="md041---first-line-in-a-file-should-be-a-top-level-heading"><code>MD041</code>
- First line in a file should be a top-level heading</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>first-line-h1</code>,
<code>first-line-heading</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>allow_preamble</code>: Allow content before first heading
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>front_matter_title</code>: RegExp for matching title in front
matter (<code>string</code>, default <code>^\s*title\s*[:=]</code>)</li>
<li><code>level</code>: Heading level (<code>integer</code>, default
<code>1</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is intended to ensure documents have a title and is
triggered when the first line in a document is not a top-level (<a
href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML">HTML</a> <code>h1</code>)
heading:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb97"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb97-1"><a href="#cb97-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This is a document without a heading</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this, add a top-level heading to the beginning of the
document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb98"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb98-1"><a href="#cb98-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Document Heading</span></span>
<span id="cb98-2"><a href="#cb98-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb98-3"><a href="#cb98-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This is a document with a top-level heading</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Because it is common for projects on GitHub to use an image for the
heading of <code>README.md</code> and that pattern is not well-supported
by Markdown, HTML headings are also permitted by this rule. For
example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb99"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb99-1"><a href="#cb99-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">h1</span><span class="ot"> align</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="st">&quot;center&quot;</span><span class="dt">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="kw">img</span><span class="ot"> src</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="st">&quot;https://placekitten.com/300/150&quot;</span><span class="dt">/&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="kw">h1</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb99-2"><a href="#cb99-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb99-3"><a href="#cb99-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This is a document with a top-level HTML heading</span></code></pre></div>
<p>In some cases, a document’s title heading may be preceded by text
like a table of contents. This is not ideal for accessibility, but can
be allowed by setting the <code>allow_preamble</code> parameter to
<code>true</code>.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb100"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb100-1"><a href="#cb100-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This is a document with preamble text</span>
<span id="cb100-2"><a href="#cb100-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb100-3"><a href="#cb100-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Document Heading</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>If <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML">YAML</a> front matter is
present and contains a <code>title</code> property (commonly used with
blog posts), this rule will not report a violation. To use a different
property name in the front matter, specify the text of a <a
href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_expressions">regular
expression</a> via the <code>front_matter_title</code> parameter. To
disable the use of front matter by this rule, specify <code>""</code>
for <code>front_matter_title</code>.</p>
<p>The <code>level</code> parameter can be used to change the top-level
heading (ex: to <code>h2</code>) in cases where an <code>h1</code> is
added externally.</p>
<p>Rationale: The top-level heading often acts as the title of a
document. More information: <a
href="https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#top-level-header">https://cirosantilli.com/markdown-style-guide#top-level-header</a>.</p>
<p><a name="md042"></a></p>
<h2 id="md042---no-empty-links"><code>MD042</code> - No empty links</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-empty-links</code></p>
<p>This rule is triggered when an empty link is encountered:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb101"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb101-1"><a href="#cb101-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">an empty link</span><span class="co">]()</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix the violation, provide a destination for the link:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb102"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb102-1"><a href="#cb102-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">a valid link</span><span class="co">](https://example.com/)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Empty fragments will trigger this rule:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb103"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb103-1"><a href="#cb103-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">an empty fragment</span><span class="co">](#)</span></span>
<span id="cb103-2"><a href="#cb103-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb103-3"><a href="#cb103-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">an empty link definition</span><span class="co">][empty]</span></span>
<span id="cb103-4"><a href="#cb103-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb103-5"><a href="#cb103-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[empty]: </span>#</span></code></pre></div>
<p>But non-empty fragments will not:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb104"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb104-1"><a href="#cb104-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">a valid fragment</span><span class="co">](#fragment)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Empty link definitions</p>
<p>Rationale: Empty links do not lead anywhere and therefore don’t
function as links.</p>
<p><a name="md043"></a></p>
<h2 id="md043---required-heading-structure"><code>MD043</code> -
Required heading structure</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>headings</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>required-headings</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>headings</code>: List of headings (<code>string[]</code>,
default <code>[]</code>)</li>
<li><code>match_case</code>: Match case of headings
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when the headings in a file do not match the
array of headings passed to the rule. It can be used to enforce a
standard heading structure for a set of files.</p>
<p>To require exactly the following structure:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb105"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb105-1"><a href="#cb105-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading</span></span>
<span id="cb105-2"><a href="#cb105-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Item</span></span>
<span id="cb105-3"><a href="#cb105-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### Detail</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Set the <code>headings</code> parameter to:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb106"><pre
class="sourceCode json"><code class="sourceCode json"><span id="cb106-1"><a href="#cb106-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[</span></span>
<span id="cb106-2"><a href="#cb106-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;# Heading&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span></span>
<span id="cb106-3"><a href="#cb106-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;## Item&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span></span>
<span id="cb106-4"><a href="#cb106-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;### Detail&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb106-5"><a href="#cb106-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To allow optional headings as with the following structure:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb107"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb107-1"><a href="#cb107-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading</span></span>
<span id="cb107-2"><a href="#cb107-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Item</span></span>
<span id="cb107-3"><a href="#cb107-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### Detail (optional)</span></span>
<span id="cb107-4"><a href="#cb107-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Foot</span></span>
<span id="cb107-5"><a href="#cb107-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### Notes (optional)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Use the special value <code>"*"</code> meaning “zero or more
unspecified headings” or the special value <code>"+"</code> meaning “one
or more unspecified headings” and set the <code>headings</code>
parameter to:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb108"><pre
class="sourceCode json"><code class="sourceCode json"><span id="cb108-1"><a href="#cb108-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[</span></span>
<span id="cb108-2"><a href="#cb108-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;# Heading&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span></span>
<span id="cb108-3"><a href="#cb108-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;## Item&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span></span>
<span id="cb108-4"><a href="#cb108-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;*&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span></span>
<span id="cb108-5"><a href="#cb108-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;## Foot&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span></span>
<span id="cb108-6"><a href="#cb108-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;*&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb108-7"><a href="#cb108-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To allow a single required heading to vary as with a project
name:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb109"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb109-1"><a href="#cb109-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Project Name</span></span>
<span id="cb109-2"><a href="#cb109-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Description</span></span>
<span id="cb109-3"><a href="#cb109-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Examples</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Use the special value <code>"?"</code> meaning “exactly one
unspecified heading”:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb110"><pre
class="sourceCode json"><code class="sourceCode json"><span id="cb110-1"><a href="#cb110-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[</span></span>
<span id="cb110-2"><a href="#cb110-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;?&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span></span>
<span id="cb110-3"><a href="#cb110-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;## Description&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span></span>
<span id="cb110-4"><a href="#cb110-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;## Examples&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb110-5"><a href="#cb110-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When an error is detected, this rule outputs the line number of the
first problematic heading (otherwise, it outputs the last line number of
the file).</p>
<p>Note that while the <code>headings</code> parameter uses the “##
Text” ATX heading style for simplicity, a file may use any supported
heading style.</p>
<p>By default, the case of headings in the document is not required to
match that of <code>headings</code>. To require that case match exactly,
set the <code>match_case</code> parameter to <code>true</code>.</p>
<p>Rationale: Projects may wish to enforce a consistent document
structure across a set of similar content.</p>
<p><a name="md044"></a></p>
<h2
id="md044---proper-names-should-have-the-correct-capitalization"><code>MD044</code>
- Proper names should have the correct capitalization</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>spelling</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>proper-names</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>code_blocks</code>: Include code blocks (<code>boolean</code>,
default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>html_elements</code>: Include HTML elements
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>names</code>: List of proper names (<code>string[]</code>,
default <code>[]</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when any of the strings in the
<code>names</code> array do not have the specified capitalization. It
can be used to enforce a standard letter case for the names of projects
and products.</p>
<p>For example, the language “JavaScript” is usually written with both
the ‘J’ and ‘S’ capitalized - though sometimes the ‘s’ or ‘j’ appear in
lower-case. To enforce the proper capitalization, specify the desired
letter case in the <code>names</code> array:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb111"><pre
class="sourceCode json"><code class="sourceCode json"><span id="cb111-1"><a href="#cb111-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[</span></span>
<span id="cb111-2"><a href="#cb111-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;JavaScript&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb111-3"><a href="#cb111-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Sometimes a proper name is capitalized differently in certain
contexts. In such cases, add both forms to the <code>names</code>
array:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb112"><pre
class="sourceCode json"><code class="sourceCode json"><span id="cb112-1"><a href="#cb112-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[</span></span>
<span id="cb112-2"><a href="#cb112-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;GitHub&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span></span>
<span id="cb112-3"><a href="#cb112-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="st">&quot;github.com&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb112-4"><a href="#cb112-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Set the <code>code_blocks</code> parameter to <code>false</code> to
disable this rule for code blocks and spans. Set the
<code>html_elements</code> parameter to <code>false</code> to disable
this rule for HTML elements and attributes (such as when using a proper
name as part of a path for <code>a</code>/<code>href</code> or
<code>img</code>/<code>src</code>).</p>
<p>Rationale: Incorrect capitalization of proper names is usually a
mistake.</p>
<p><a name="md045"></a></p>
<h2
id="md045---images-should-have-alternate-text-alt-text"><code>MD045</code>
- Images should have alternate text (alt text)</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>accessibility</code>, <code>images</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>no-alt-text</code></p>
<p>This rule reports a violation when an image is missing alternate text
(alt text) information.</p>
<p>Alternate text is commonly specified inline as:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb113"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb113-1"><a href="#cb113-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![Alternate text](image.jpg)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Or with reference syntax as:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb114"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb114-1"><a href="#cb114-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![Alternate text][ref]</span></span>
<span id="cb114-2"><a href="#cb114-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb114-3"><a href="#cb114-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>...</span>
<span id="cb114-4"><a href="#cb114-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb114-5"><a href="#cb114-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[ref]: </span>image.jpg &quot;Optional title&quot;</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Or with HTML as:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb115"><pre
class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb115-1"><a href="#cb115-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">img</span><span class="ot"> src</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="st">&quot;image.jpg&quot;</span><span class="ot"> alt</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="st">&quot;Alternate text&quot;</span><span class="ot"> </span><span class="dt">/&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note: If the <a
href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Attributes/aria-hidden">HTML
<code>aria-hidden</code> attribute</a> is used to hide the image from
assistive technology, this rule does not report a violation:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb116"><pre
class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb116-1"><a href="#cb116-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">img</span><span class="ot"> src</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="st">&quot;image.jpg&quot;</span><span class="ot"> aria-hidden</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="st">&quot;true&quot;</span><span class="ot"> </span><span class="dt">/&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Guidance for writing alternate text is available from the <a
href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/alt/">W3C</a>, <a
href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt_attribute">Wikipedia</a>, and <a
href="https://www.phase2technology.com/blog/no-more-excuses">other
locations</a>.</p>
<p>Rationale: Alternate text is important for accessibility and
describes the content of an image for people who may not be able to see
it.</p>
<p><a name="md046"></a></p>
<h2 id="md046---code-block-style"><code>MD046</code> - Code block
style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>code</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>code-block-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Block style (<code>string</code>, default
<code>consistent</code>, values <code>consistent</code> /
<code>fenced</code> / <code>indented</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when unwanted or different code block styles
are used in the same document.</p>
<p>In the default configuration this rule reports a violation for the
following document:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable code-block-style -->

<pre><code>Some text.

    # Indented code

More text.

```ruby
# Fenced code
```

More text.</code></pre>
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->

<p>To fix violations of this rule, use a consistent style (either
indenting or code fences).</p>
<p>The configured code block style can be specific (<code>fenced</code>,
<code>indented</code>) or can require all code blocks match the first
code block (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<p><a name="md047"></a></p>
<h2
id="md047---files-should-end-with-a-single-newline-character"><code>MD047</code>
- Files should end with a single newline character</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>blank_lines</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>single-trailing-newline</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when there is not a single newline character
at the end of a file.</p>
<p>An example that triggers the rule:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb118"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb118-1"><a href="#cb118-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading</span></span>
<span id="cb118-2"><a href="#cb118-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb118-3"><a href="#cb118-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This file ends without a newline.<span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">EOF</span><span class="co">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix the violation, add a newline character to the end of the
file:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb119"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb119-1"><a href="#cb119-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading</span></span>
<span id="cb119-2"><a href="#cb119-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb119-3"><a href="#cb119-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This file ends with a newline.</span>
<span id="cb119-4"><a href="#cb119-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">EOF</span><span class="co">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Some programs have trouble with files that do not end with
a newline.</p>
<p>More information: <a
href="https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/18743/whats-the-point-in-adding-a-new-line-to-the-end-of-a-file">What’s
the point in adding a new line to the end of a file?</a></p>
<p><a name="md048"></a></p>
<h2 id="md048---code-fence-style"><code>MD048</code> - Code fence
style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>code</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>code-fence-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Code fence style (<code>string</code>, default
<code>consistent</code>, values <code>backtick</code> /
<code>consistent</code> / <code>tilde</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for
fenced code blocks do not match the configured code fence style:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb120"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb120-1"><a href="#cb120-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```ruby</span></span>
<span id="cb120-2"><a href="#cb120-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Fenced code</span></span>
<span id="cb120-3"><a href="#cb120-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb120-4"><a href="#cb120-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb120-5"><a href="#cb120-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">~~~ruby</span></span>
<span id="cb120-6"><a href="#cb120-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Fenced code</span></span>
<span id="cb120-7"><a href="#cb120-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">~~~</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured code fence style throughout the
document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb121"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb121-1"><a href="#cb121-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```ruby</span></span>
<span id="cb121-2"><a href="#cb121-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Fenced code</span></span>
<span id="cb121-3"><a href="#cb121-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb121-4"><a href="#cb121-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb121-5"><a href="#cb121-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```ruby</span></span>
<span id="cb121-6"><a href="#cb121-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Fenced code</span></span>
<span id="cb121-7"><a href="#cb121-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>The configured code fence style can be a specific symbol to use
(<code>backtick</code>, <code>tilde</code>) or it can require all code
fences match the first code fence (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<p><a name="md049"></a></p>
<h2 id="md049---emphasis-style"><code>MD049</code> - Emphasis style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>emphasis-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Emphasis style (<code>string</code>, default
<code>consistent</code>, values <code>asterisk</code> /
<code>consistent</code> / <code>underscore</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for
emphasis do not match the configured emphasis style:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb122"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb122-1"><a href="#cb122-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>*Text*</span>
<span id="cb122-2"><a href="#cb122-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>_Text_</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured emphasis style throughout the
document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb123"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb123-1"><a href="#cb123-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>*Text*</span>
<span id="cb123-2"><a href="#cb123-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>*Text*</span></code></pre></div>
<p>The configured emphasis style can be a specific symbol to use
(<code>asterisk</code>, <code>underscore</code>) or can require all
emphasis matches the first emphasis (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<p>Note: Emphasis within a word is restricted to <code>asterisk</code>
in order to avoid unwanted emphasis for words containing internal
underscores like_this_one.</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<p><a name="md050"></a></p>
<h2 id="md050---strong-style"><code>MD050</code> - Strong style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>emphasis</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>strong-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Strong style (<code>string</code>, default
<code>consistent</code>, values <code>asterisk</code> /
<code>consistent</code> / <code>underscore</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when the symbols used in the document for
strong do not match the configured strong style:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb124"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb124-1"><a href="#cb124-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>**Text**</span>
<span id="cb124-2"><a href="#cb124-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>__Text__</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this issue, use the configured strong style throughout the
document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb125"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb125-1"><a href="#cb125-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>**Text**</span>
<span id="cb125-2"><a href="#cb125-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>**Text**</span></code></pre></div>
<p>The configured strong style can be a specific symbol to use
(<code>asterisk</code>, <code>underscore</code>) or can require all
strong matches the first strong (<code>consistent</code>).</p>
<p>Note: Emphasis within a word is restricted to <code>asterisk</code>
in order to avoid unwanted emphasis for words containing internal
underscores like__this__one.</p>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<p><a name="md051"></a></p>
<h2 id="md051---link-fragments-should-be-valid"><code>MD051</code> -
Link fragments should be valid</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>link-fragments</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ignore_case</code>: Ignore case of fragments
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>ignored_pattern</code>: Pattern for ignoring additional
fragments (<code>string</code>, default ``)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when a link fragment does not match any of the
fragments that are automatically generated for headings in a
document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb126"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb126-1"><a href="#cb126-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading Name</span></span>
<span id="cb126-2"><a href="#cb126-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb126-3"><a href="#cb126-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Link</span><span class="co">](#fragment)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix this issue, change the link fragment to reference an existing
heading’s generated name (see below):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb127"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb127-1"><a href="#cb127-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading Name</span></span>
<span id="cb127-2"><a href="#cb127-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb127-3"><a href="#cb127-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Link</span><span class="co">](#heading-name)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>For consistency, this rule requires fragments to exactly match the <a
href="https://github.com/gjtorikian/html-pipeline/blob/f13a1534cb650ba17af400d1acd3a22c28004c09/lib/html/pipeline/toc_filter.rb">GitHub
heading algorithm</a> which converts letters to lowercase. Therefore,
the following example is reported as a violation:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb128"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb128-1"><a href="#cb128-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading Name</span></span>
<span id="cb128-2"><a href="#cb128-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb128-3"><a href="#cb128-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Link</span><span class="co">](#Heading-Name)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To ignore case when comparing fragments with heading names, the
<code>ignore_case</code> parameter can be set to <code>true</code>. In
this configuration, the previous example is not reported as a
violation.</p>
<p>Alternatively, some platforms allow the syntax
<code>{#named-anchor}</code> to be used within a heading to provide a
specific name (consisting of only lower-case letters, numbers,
<code>-</code>, and <code>_</code>):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb129"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb129-1"><a href="#cb129-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># Heading Name {#custom-name}</span></span>
<span id="cb129-2"><a href="#cb129-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb129-3"><a href="#cb129-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Link</span><span class="co">](#custom-name)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Alternatively, any HTML tag with an <code>id</code> attribute or an
<code>a</code> tag with a <code>name</code> attribute can be used to
define a fragment:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb130"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb130-1"><a href="#cb130-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">a</span><span class="ot"> id</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="st">&quot;bookmark&quot;</span><span class="dt">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="kw">a</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb130-2"><a href="#cb130-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb130-3"><a href="#cb130-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Link</span><span class="co">](#bookmark)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>An <code>a</code> tag can be useful in scenarios where a heading is
not appropriate or for control over the text of the fragment
identifier.</p>
<p><a
href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsing-the-web.html#scrolling-to-a-fragment">HTML
links to <code>#top</code> scroll to the top of a document</a>. This
rule allows that syntax (using lower-case for consistency):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb131"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb131-1"><a href="#cb131-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Link</span><span class="co">](#top)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>This rule also recognizes the custom fragment syntax used by GitHub
to highlight <a
href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/creating-a-permanent-link-to-a-code-snippet#linking-to-markdown">specific
content in a document</a>.</p>
<p>For example, this link to line 20:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb132"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb132-1"><a href="#cb132-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Link</span><span class="co">](#L20)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>And this link to content starting within line 19 running into line
21:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb133"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb133-1"><a href="#cb133-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Link</span><span class="co">](#L19C5-L21C11)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Some Markdown generators dynamically create and insert headings when
building documents, for example by combining a fixed prefix like
<code>figure-</code> and an incrementing numeric counter. To ignore such
generated fragments, set the <code>ignored_pattern</code> <a
href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_expressions">regular
expression</a> parameter to a pattern that matches (e.g.,
<code>^figure-</code>).</p>
<p>Rationale: <a
href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax#section-links">GitHub
section links</a> are created automatically for every heading when
Markdown content is displayed on GitHub. This makes it easy to link
directly to different sections within a document. However, section links
change if headings are renamed or removed. This rule helps identify
broken section links within a document.</p>
<p>Note: Section links are <strong>not</strong> part of the CommonMark
specification; this rule enforces the <a
href="https://github.com/gjtorikian/html-pipeline/blob/f13a1534cb650ba17af400d1acd3a22c28004c09/lib/html/pipeline/toc_filter.rb">GitHub
heading algorithm</a>:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Convert text to lowercase</li>
<li>Remove punctuation characters</li>
<li>Convert spaces to dashes</li>
<li>Append an incrementing integer (as needed for uniqueness)</li>
<li><a
href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/encodeURIComponent">URI-encode</a>
the result</li>
</ol>
<p><a name="md052"></a></p>
<h2
id="md052---reference-links-and-images-should-use-a-label-that-is-defined"><code>MD052</code>
- Reference links and images should use a label that is defined</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>images</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>reference-links-images</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ignored_labels</code>: Ignored link labels
(<code>string[]</code>, default <code>["x"]</code>)</li>
<li><code>shortcut_syntax</code>: Include shortcut syntax
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Links and images in Markdown can provide the link destination or
image source at the time of use or can define it elsewhere and use a
label for reference. The reference format is convenient for keeping
paragraph text clutter-free and makes it easy to reuse the same URL in
multiple places.</p>
<p>There are three kinds of reference links and images:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb134"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb134-1"><a href="#cb134-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">Full:</span><span class="co"> [text][label]</span></span>
<span id="cb134-2"><a href="#cb134-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">Collapsed:</span><span class="co"> [label][]</span></span>
<span id="cb134-3"><a href="#cb134-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">Shortcut:</span><span class="co"> [label]</span></span>
<span id="cb134-4"><a href="#cb134-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb134-5"><a href="#cb134-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Full: <span class="al">![text][image]</span></span>
<span id="cb134-6"><a href="#cb134-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Collapsed: <span class="al">![image][]</span></span>
<span id="cb134-7"><a href="#cb134-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Shortcut: !<span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">image</span><span class="co">]</span></span>
<span id="cb134-8"><a href="#cb134-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb134-9"><a href="#cb134-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[label]: https://example.com/label</span></span>
<span id="cb134-10"><a href="#cb134-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[image]: https://example.com/image</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>A link or image renders correctly when the corresponding label is
defined, but displays as text with brackets when the label is not
present. By default, this rule warns of undefined labels for “full” and
“collapsed” reference syntax but not for “shortcut” syntax because it is
ambiguous.</p>
<p>The text <code>[example]</code> could be a shortcut link or the text
“example” in brackets, so “shortcut” syntax is ignored by default. To
include “shortcut” syntax, set the <code>include_shortcut</code>
parameter to <code>true</code>. Note that doing so produces warnings for
<em>all</em> text in the document that <em>could</em> be a shortcut. If
bracketed text is intentional, brackets can be escaped with the
<code>\</code> character: <code>\[example\]</code>.</p>
<p>If there are link labels that are deliberately unreferenced, they can
be ignored by setting the <code>ignored_labels</code> parameter to the
list of strings to ignore. The default value of this parameter ignores
the checkbox syntax used by <a
href="https://github.github.com/gfm/#task-list-items-extension-">GitHub
Flavored Markdown task list items</a>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb135"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb135-1"><a href="#cb135-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="va">[x]</span> Checked task list item</span></code></pre></div>
<p><a name="md053"></a></p>
<h2
id="md053---link-and-image-reference-definitions-should-be-needed"><code>MD053</code>
- Link and image reference definitions should be needed</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>images</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>link-image-reference-definitions</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ignored_definitions</code>: Ignored definitions
(<code>string[]</code>, default <code>["//"]</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>Links and images in Markdown can provide the link destination or
image source at the time of use or can use a label to reference a
definition elsewhere in the document. The latter reference format is
convenient for keeping paragraph text clutter-free and makes it easy to
reuse the same URL in multiple places.</p>
<p>Because link and image reference definitions are located separately
from where they are used, there are two scenarios where a definition can
be unnecessary:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>If a label is not referenced by any link or image in a document,
that definition is unused and can be deleted.</li>
<li>If a label is defined multiple times in a document, the first
definition is used and the others can be deleted.</li>
</ol>
<p>This rule considers a reference definition to be used if any link or
image reference has the corresponding label. The “full”, “collapsed”,
and “shortcut” formats are all supported.</p>
<p>If there are reference definitions that are deliberately
unreferenced, they can be ignored by setting the
<code>ignored_definitions</code> parameter to the list of strings to
ignore. The default value of this parameter ignores the following
convention for adding non-HTML comments to Markdown:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb136"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb136-1"><a href="#cb136-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[//]: </span># (This behaves like a comment)</span></code></pre></div>
<p><a name="md054"></a></p>
<h2 id="md054---link-and-image-style"><code>MD054</code> - Link and
image style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>images</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>link-image-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>autolink</code>: Allow autolinks (<code>boolean</code>,
default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>collapsed</code>: Allow collapsed reference links and images
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>full</code>: Allow full reference links and images
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>inline</code>: Allow inline links and images
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>shortcut</code>: Allow shortcut reference links and images
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>url_inline</code>: Allow URLs as inline links
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>true</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>Links and images in Markdown can provide the link destination or
image source at the time of use or can use a label to reference a
definition elsewhere in the document. The three reference formats are
convenient for keeping paragraph text clutter-free and make it easy to
reuse the same URL in multiple places.</p>
<p>By default, this rule allows all link/image styles.</p>
<p>Setting the <code>autolink</code> parameter to <code>false</code>
disables autolinks:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb137"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb137-1"><a href="#cb137-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">&lt;https://example.com&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Setting the <code>inline</code> parameter to <code>false</code>
disables inline links and images:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb138"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb138-1"><a href="#cb138-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">link</span><span class="co">](https://example.com)</span></span>
<span id="cb138-2"><a href="#cb138-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb138-3"><a href="#cb138-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![image](https://example.com)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Setting the <code>full</code> parameter to <code>false</code>
disables full reference links and images:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb139"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb139-1"><a href="#cb139-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">link</span><span class="co">][url]</span></span>
<span id="cb139-2"><a href="#cb139-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb139-3"><a href="#cb139-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![image][url]</span></span>
<span id="cb139-4"><a href="#cb139-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb139-5"><a href="#cb139-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[url]: https://example.com</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Setting the <code>collapsed</code> parameter to <code>false</code>
disables collapsed reference links and images:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb140"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb140-1"><a href="#cb140-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">url</span><span class="co">][]</span></span>
<span id="cb140-2"><a href="#cb140-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb140-3"><a href="#cb140-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![url][]</span></span>
<span id="cb140-4"><a href="#cb140-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb140-5"><a href="#cb140-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[url]: https://example.com</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Setting the <code>shortcut</code> parameter to <code>false</code>
disables shortcut reference links and images:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb141"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb141-1"><a href="#cb141-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">url</span><span class="co">]</span></span>
<span id="cb141-2"><a href="#cb141-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb141-3"><a href="#cb141-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>!<span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">url</span><span class="co">]</span></span>
<span id="cb141-4"><a href="#cb141-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb141-5"><a href="#cb141-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[url]: https://example.com</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix violations of this rule, change the link or image to use an
allowed style. This rule can automatically fix violations when a link or
image can be converted to the <code>inline</code> style (preferred) or a
link can be converted to the <code>autolink</code> style (which does not
support images and must be an absolute URL). This rule does <em>not</em>
fix scenarios that require converting a link or image to the
<code>full</code>, <code>collapsed</code>, or <code>shortcut</code>
reference styles because that involves naming the reference and
determining where to insert it in the document.</p>
<p>Setting the <code>url_inline</code> parameter to <code>false</code>
prevents the use of inline links with the same absolute URL
text/destination and no title because such links can be converted to
autolinks:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb142"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb142-1"><a href="#cb142-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">https://example.com</span><span class="co">](https://example.com)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix <code>url_inline</code> violations, use the simpler autolink
syntax instead:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb143"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb143-1"><a href="#cb143-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">&lt;https://example.com&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document. Autolinks are concise, but appear as URLs which can be long
and confusing. Inline links and images can include descriptive text, but
take up more space in Markdown form. Reference links and images can be
easier to read and manipulate in Markdown form, but require a separate
link reference definition.</p>
<p><a name="md055"></a></p>
<h2 id="md055---table-pipe-style"><code>MD055</code> - Table pipe
style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>table-pipe-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>style</code>: Table pipe style (<code>string</code>, default
<code>consistent</code>, values <code>consistent</code> /
<code>leading_and_trailing</code> / <code>leading_only</code> /
<code>no_leading_or_trailing</code> / <code>trailing_only</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when a <a
href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-tables">GitHub
Flavored Markdown table</a> is inconsistent about its use of leading and
trailing pipe characters (<code>|</code>).</p>
<p>By default (<code>consistent</code> style), the header row of the
first table in a document is used to determine the style that is
enforced for every table in the document. A specific style can be used
instead (<code>leading_and_trailing</code>, <code>leading_only</code>,
<code>no_leading_or_trailing</code>, <code>trailing_only</code>).</p>
<p>This table’s header row has leading and trailing pipes, but its
delimiter row is missing the trailing pipe and its first row of cells is
missing the leading pipe:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb144"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb144-1"><a href="#cb144-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb144-2"><a href="#cb144-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">| ------</span></span>
<span id="cb144-3"><a href="#cb144-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  Cell   | Cell   |</span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix these issues, make sure there is a pipe character at the
beginning and end of every row:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb145"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb145-1"><a href="#cb145-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb145-2"><a href="#cb145-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb145-3"><a href="#cb145-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note that text immediately following a table (i.e., not separated by
an empty line) is treated as part of the table (per the specification)
and may also trigger this rule:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb146"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb146-1"><a href="#cb146-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb146-2"><a href="#cb146-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb146-3"><a href="#cb146-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb146-4"><a href="#cb146-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This text is part of the table</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: Some parsers have difficulty with tables that are missing
their leading or trailing pipe characters. The use of leading/trailing
pipes can also help provide visual clarity.</p>
<p><a name="md056"></a></p>
<h2 id="md056---table-column-count"><code>MD056</code> - Table column
count</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>table-column-count</code></p>
<p>This rule is triggered when a <a
href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-tables">GitHub
Flavored Markdown table</a> does not have the same number of cells in
every row.</p>
<p>This table’s second data row has too few cells and its third data row
has too many cells:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb147"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb147-1"><a href="#cb147-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb147-2"><a href="#cb147-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb147-3"><a href="#cb147-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb147-4"><a href="#cb147-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb147-5"><a href="#cb147-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix these issues, ensure every row has the same number of
cells:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb148"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb148-1"><a href="#cb148-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb148-2"><a href="#cb148-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb148-3"><a href="#cb148-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb148-4"><a href="#cb148-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb148-5"><a href="#cb148-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note that a table’s header row and its delimiter row must have the
same number of cells or it will not be recognized as a table (per
specification).</p>
<p>Rationale: Extra cells in a row are usually not shown, so their data
is lost. Missing cells in a row create holes in the table and suggest an
omission.</p>
<p><a name="md058"></a></p>
<h2
id="md058---tables-should-be-surrounded-by-blank-lines"><code>MD058</code>
- Tables should be surrounded by blank lines</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>blanks-around-tables</code></p>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when tables are either not preceded or not
followed by a blank line:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb149"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb149-1"><a href="#cb149-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb149-2"><a href="#cb149-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb149-3"><a href="#cb149-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb149-4"><a href="#cb149-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb149-5"><a href="#cb149-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; Blockquote</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To fix violations of this rule, ensure that all tables have a blank
line both before and after (except when the table is at the very
beginning or end of the document):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb150"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb150-1"><a href="#cb150-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span>
<span id="cb150-2"><a href="#cb150-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb150-3"><a href="#cb150-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb150-4"><a href="#cb150-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb150-5"><a href="#cb150-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb150-6"><a href="#cb150-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb150-7"><a href="#cb150-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; Blockquote</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Note that text immediately following a table (i.e., not separated by
an empty line) is treated as part of the table (per the specification)
and will not trigger this rule:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb151"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb151-1"><a href="#cb151-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span> Header <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb151-2"><a href="#cb151-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">| ------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb151-3"><a href="#cb151-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell   <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb151-4"><a href="#cb151-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This text is part of the table and the next line is blank</span>
<span id="cb151-5"><a href="#cb151-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb151-6"><a href="#cb151-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Rationale: In addition to aesthetic reasons, some parsers will
incorrectly parse tables that don’t have blank lines before and after
them.</p>
<p><a name="md059"></a></p>
<h2 id="md059---link-text-should-be-descriptive"><code>MD059</code> -
Link text should be descriptive</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>accessibility</code>, <code>links</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>descriptive-link-text</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>prohibited_texts</code>: Prohibited link texts
(<code>string[]</code>, default
<code>["click here","here","link","more"]</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>This rule is triggered when a link has generic text like
<code>[click here](...)</code> or <code>[link](...)</code>.</p>
<p>Link text should be descriptive and communicate the purpose of the
link (e.g., <code>[Download the budget document](...)</code> or
<code>[CommonMark Specification](...)</code>). This is especially
important for screen readers which sometimes present links without
context.</p>
<p>By default, this rule prohibits a small number of common English
words/phrases. To customize that list of words/phrases, set the
<code>prohibited_texts</code> parameter to an <code>Array</code> of
<code>string</code>s.</p>
<p>Note: For languages other than English, use the
<code>prohibited_texts</code> parameter to customize the list for that
language. It is <em>not</em> a goal for this rule to have translations
for every language.</p>
<p>Note: This rule checks Markdown links; HTML links are ignored.</p>
<p>More information:</p>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://webaim.org/techniques/hypertext/">https://webaim.org/techniques/hypertext/</a></li>
<li><a
href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/link-purpose-link-only.html">https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/link-purpose-link-only.html</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a name="md060"></a></p>
<h2 id="md060---table-column-style"><code>MD060</code> - Table column
style</h2>
<p>Tags: <code>table</code></p>
<p>Aliases: <code>table-column-style</code></p>
<p>Parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>aligned_delimiter</code>: Aligned delimiter columns
(<code>boolean</code>, default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>style</code>: Table column style (<code>string</code>, default
<code>any</code>, values <code>aligned</code> / <code>any</code> /
<code>compact</code> / <code>tight</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Fixable: Some violations can be fixed by tooling</p>
<p>This rule is triggered when the column separator pipe characters
(<code>|</code>) of a <a
href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-tables">GitHub
Flavored Markdown table</a> are used inconsistently.</p>
<p>This rule recognizes three table column styles based on popular
use.</p>
<p>Style <code>aligned</code> ensures pipe characters are vertically
aligned:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb152"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb152-1"><a href="#cb152-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Character <span class="pp">|</span> Meaning <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb152-2"><a href="#cb152-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ---------</span> <span class="pp">| -------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb152-3"><a href="#cb152-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Y         <span class="pp">|</span> Yes     <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb152-4"><a href="#cb152-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> N         <span class="pp">|</span> No      <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>The <code>aligned</code> style ignores cell content, so the following
is also valid:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb153"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb153-1"><a href="#cb153-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Character <span class="pp">|</span> Meaning <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb153-2"><a href="#cb153-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|-----------|---------|</span></span>
<span id="cb153-3"><a href="#cb153-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>     Y     <span class="pp">|</span>     Yes <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb153-4"><a href="#cb153-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>     N     <span class="pp">|</span>      No <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Style <code>compact</code> avoids extra padding with a single space
around cell content:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb154"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb154-1"><a href="#cb154-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Character <span class="pp">|</span> Meaning <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb154-2"><a href="#cb154-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ---</span> <span class="pp">| ---</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb154-3"><a href="#cb154-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Y <span class="pp">|</span> Yes <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb154-4"><a href="#cb154-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> N <span class="pp">|</span> No <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Style <code>tight</code> uses no padding at all for cell content:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb155"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb155-1"><a href="#cb155-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>Character<span class="pp">|</span>Meaning<span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb155-2"><a href="#cb155-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|---|---|</span></span>
<span id="cb155-3"><a href="#cb155-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>Y<span class="pp">|</span>Yes<span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb155-4"><a href="#cb155-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>N<span class="pp">|</span>No<span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When this rule’s <code>style</code> parameter is set to
<code>aligned</code>, <code>compact</code>, or <code>tight</code>, every
table must match the corresponding pattern and any violations will be
reported. By default, or when the <code>any</code> style is used, each
table is analyzed to see if it satisfies any supported style. If so, no
violations are reported. If not, violations are be reported for
whichever style would produce the <em>fewest</em> issues (i.e.,
whichever style is the closest match).</p>
<p>Setting the <code>aligned_delimiter</code> parameter to
<code>true</code> requires pipe characters in the delimiter row to align
with those in the header row. This can be used with <code>compact</code>
and <code>tight</code> tables to make the header text more obvious.
(It’s already required for tables with style <code>aligned</code>.)</p>
<p>Style <code>compact</code> with <code>aligned_delimiter</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb156"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb156-1"><a href="#cb156-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Character <span class="pp">|</span> Meaning <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb156-2"><a href="#cb156-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ---------</span> <span class="pp">| -------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb156-3"><a href="#cb156-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Y <span class="pp">|</span> Yes <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb156-4"><a href="#cb156-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> N <span class="pp">|</span> No <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Style <code>tight</code> with <code>aligned_delimiter</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb157"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb157-1"><a href="#cb157-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>Character<span class="pp">|</span>Meaning<span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb157-2"><a href="#cb157-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|---------|-------|</span></span>
<span id="cb157-3"><a href="#cb157-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>Y<span class="pp">|</span>Yes<span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb157-4"><a href="#cb157-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>N<span class="pp">|</span>No<span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Violations for styles <code>compact</code> and <code>tight</code> are
simple/independent and can be fixed automatically. However, fixing even
single violations for style <code>aligned</code> may require modifying
the entire table, and therefore are not automatic:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb158"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb158-1"><a href="#cb158-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>Alpha <span class="pp">|</span>Delta<span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb158-2"><a href="#cb158-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|------|-----|</span></span>
<span id="cb158-3"><a href="#cb158-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>Charlie<span class="pp">|</span>Beta<span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p><strong>Note</strong>: This rule does not require leading/trailing
pipe characters, so this is also a valid table for style
<code>compact</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb159"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb159-1"><a href="#cb159-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Character | Meaning</span>
<span id="cb159-2"><a href="#cb159-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>--- | ---</span>
<span id="cb159-3"><a href="#cb159-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Y | Yes</span>
<span id="cb159-4"><a href="#cb159-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>N | No</span></code></pre></div>
<p><strong>Note</strong>: Pipe alignment for the <code>aligned</code>
style is based on visual appearance and not character count. Because
editors typically render <a
href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoji">emoji</a> and <a
href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/CJK_characters">CJK characters</a> at
<em>twice</em> the width of <a
href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_script">Latin characters</a>,
this rule takes that into account for tables using the
<code>aligned</code> style. The following table is correctly formatted
and will appear aligned in most editors and monospaced fonts:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-capture -->

<!-- markdownlint-disable extended-ascii -->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb160"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb160-1"><a href="#cb160-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Response <span class="pp">|</span> Emoji <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb160-2"><a href="#cb160-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| --------</span> <span class="pp">| -----</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb160-3"><a href="#cb160-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Yes      <span class="pp">|</span> ✅    <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb160-4"><a href="#cb160-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> No       <span class="pp">|</span> ❎    <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<!-- markdownlint-restore -->

<p>Rationale: Consistent formatting makes it easier to understand a
document.</p>
<!-- markdownlint-configure-file {
  "no-inline-html": {
    "allowed_elements": [
      "a"
    ]
  }
} -->
</body></html>
Uses the shared Markdown reader; the Markdown reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 137/137 checked-in Markdown/native pairs including CommonMark extension profile fixtures.

csljson

2 samples

CSL JSON book item

220 bytes | Inline CSL JSON item using a real published book.

[
  {
    "id": "knuth-1984",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "The TeXbook",
    "author": [{ "family": "Knuth", "given": "Donald E." }],
    "issued": { "date-parts": [[1984]] },
    "publisher": "Addison-Wesley"
  }
]

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Knuth 1984</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Knuth, Donald E. The TeXbook. Addison-Wesley, 1984.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><dl>
<dt>Knuth 1984</dt>
<dd>
<p>Knuth, Donald E. The TeXbook. Addison-Wesley, 1984.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc Citeproc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent"
role="list">
<div id="ref-knuth-1984" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Knuth, Donald E. 1984. <em>The TeXbook</em>. Addison-Wesley.
</div>
</div>
</body></html>
Bibliography reader validates CSL JSON item lists, normalizes them through the CSL processor, and renders a shared AST bibliography definition list. Full Pandoc CSL JSON parity remains open.

CSL JSON article item

211 bytes | Inline CSL JSON item for a real published article.

[{"id":"berners-lee-1994","type":"article-journal","title":"The World-Wide Web","author":[{"family":"Berners-Lee","given":"Tim"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994]]},"container-title":"Communications of the ACM"}]

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Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Berners-Lee 1994</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Berners-Lee, Tim. The World-Wide Web. Communications of the ACM. 1994.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><dl>
<dt>Berners-Lee 1994</dt>
<dd>
<p>Berners-Lee, Tim. The World-Wide Web. Communications of the ACM. 1994.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc Citeproc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent"
role="list">
<div id="ref-berners-lee-1994" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Berners-Lee, Tim. 1994. <span>“The World-Wide Web.”</span>
<em>Communications of the ACM</em>.
</div>
</div>
</body></html>
Bibliography reader validates CSL JSON item lists, normalizes them through the CSL processor, and renders a shared AST bibliography definition list. Full Pandoc CSL JSON parity remains open.

csv

2 samples

Format status CSV

84 bytes | Inline CSV inventory data for this showcase.

name,format,status
Document,DOCX,partial
Notebook,IPYNB,partial
Slides,PPTX,partial

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>name</th><th>format</th><th>status</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Document</td><td>DOCX</td><td>partial</td></tr><tr><td>Notebook</td><td>IPYNB</td><td>partial</td></tr><tr><td>Slides</td><td>PPTX</td><td>partial</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr><th>name</th><th>format</th><th>status</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Document</td><td>DOCX</td><td>partial</td></tr>
<tr><td>Notebook</td><td>IPYNB</td><td>partial</td></tr>
<tr><td>Slides</td><td>PPTX</td><td>partial</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>name</th>
<th>format</th>
<th>status</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Document</td>
<td>DOCX</td>
<td>partial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Notebook</td>
<td>IPYNB</td>
<td>partial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Slides</td>
<td>PPTX</td>
<td>partial</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
Delimited text reader maps CSV rows into the shared table AST with Pandoc-compatible delimiter, quote, escape, keep-space, multiline-cell, row repair, control-character, and provenance diagnostics. The pinned direct CSV reader and shared CSV parser option fixtures are covered; RST csv-table integration is exercised through the RST reader without changing the direct CSV denominator.
"Albatross", 2.99, "On a stick!"
"Crunchy Frog", 1.49, "If we took the bones out, it wouldn't be
crunchy, now would it?"

Download original file

CSV data used in an upstream RST table command fixture.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Albatross</th><th>2.99</th><th>On a stick!</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Crunchy Frog</td><td>1.49</td><td>If we took the bones out, it wouldn&#039;t be<br/>crunchy, now would it?</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Albatross</th><th>2.99</th><th>On a stick!</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Crunchy Frog</td><td>1.49</td><td>If we took the bones out, it wouldn&#039;t be<br />
crunchy, now would it?</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Albatross</th>
<th>2.99</th>
<th>On a stick!</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Crunchy Frog</td>
<td>1.49</td>
<td>If we took the bones out, it wouldn't be<br />
crunchy, now would it?</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
Delimited text reader maps CSV rows into the shared table AST with Pandoc-compatible delimiter, quote, escape, keep-space, multiline-cell, row repair, control-character, and provenance diagnostics. The pinned direct CSV reader and shared CSV parser option fixtures are covered; RST csv-table integration is exercised through the RST reader without changing the direct CSV denominator.

doc

2 samples

Apache POI legacy Word sample

22016 bytes | apache/poi test-data/document/47304.doc

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Small real Word 97-2003 binary fixture from Apache POI test data.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Just  a “test” </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>Just  a “test” </p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'doc'
Pandoc can convert from DOCX, but not from DOC.
Try using Word to save your DOC file as DOCX, and convert that with pandoc.
Unknown input format 'doc'
Pandoc can convert from DOCX, but not from DOC.
Try using Word to save your DOC file as DOCX, and convert that with pandoc.
External referenceok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>macOS TextUtil HTML reference</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p class="p1">Just<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>a “test”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p></body></html>
Project-local legacy binary Word reader parses Compound File Binary containers, WordDocument text, OLE properties, metadata, fields, lists, notes, comments, sections, bookmarks, and review provenance into the shared AST. Legacy .doc is not an upstream Pandoc input format token.

Apache POI compact Word sample

8192 bytes | apache/poi test-data/document/57843.doc

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Second real Word 97-2003 binary fixture from Apache POI test data.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Harold Koplow</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1105 Ft. Clarke Blvd. #1605</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gainesville, FL 32606</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(352) 333-9790</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>hkoplow@bellsouth.net</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>December 17, 2000</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr. Jeb Bush, Governor of the State of Florida</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Capitol</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tallahassee, FL 32399</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dear Governor Bush:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Perhaps you or your election task force committee might consider a suggestion my son presented to me.  First a little background,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I was a Vice President at Wang Laboratories in Massachusetts for 15 years where I invented the Wang Word Processor.  Following that, I was a Senior Vice President at Computer Consoles whose primary product was 411 directory assistance.  We were the first people to introduce the 411 product that spoke the telephone number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>My son, David ( a recent graduate of FAU), is an engineer with Perry Technologies located in Riviera Beach, Florida where he designs robotic submarines to detect and locate underwater hidden explosives. Perry Technologies is a division of Lockheed Martin. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I have lived in Florida for approximately 15 years in Broward, Palm Beach, and Alachua counties and have used the “voting machines” in each of those places.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>My son’s idea is quite simple.  Whichever system you choose will invariably involve PC’s.  Most of theses ideas will involve purchasing PC’s with custom software and/or hardware for use in elections.  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A much more cost effective solution would be to use PC’s that already exist in the local government offices.  If additional PC’s are needed because there are not enough in a given county, or the ones in a given county are too old,  I am sure that the government employees in that county would be happy to have the use of the “new” PC’s and give them up for one or two days around election time.  Similarly many of the plans that will be presented, will require touch screens; these monitors (with the touch screen hardware disabled) could replace many of the older monitors in our state and local offices and then be removed for a few days at election time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One of the arguments against PC’s, touch screens etc., will be the what if problem.  What if the PC’s crashes and all the votes are lost?  What if a recount is needed?  What if a virus changes the votes?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After a voter casts their “electronic” vote, a nearby printer could print their choices.  This would be presented to the voter for verification, and if correct would be stored away for use in a “what if scenario.”  If not correct, the voter would be given a chance to correct their vote.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>						Very truly yours,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>						Harold Koplow</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>P.S.  I voted for you and your dad.  My choices were good.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>Harold Koplow</p>
<p>1105 Ft. Clarke Blvd. #1605</p>
<p>Gainesville, FL 32606</p>
<p>(352) 333-9790</p>
<p>hkoplow@bellsouth.net</p>
<p>December 17, 2000</p>
<p>Mr. Jeb Bush, Governor of the State of Florida</p>
<p>The Capitol</p>
<p>Tallahassee, FL 32399</p>
<p>Dear Governor Bush:</p>
<p>Perhaps you or your election task force committee might consider a suggestion my son presented to me.  First a little background,</p>
<p>I was a Vice President at Wang Laboratories in Massachusetts for 15 years where I invented the Wang Word Processor.  Following that, I was a Senior Vice President at Computer Consoles whose primary product was 411 directory assistance.  We were the first people to introduce the 411 product that spoke the telephone number.</p>
<p>My son, David ( a recent graduate of FAU), is an engineer with Perry Technologies located in Riviera Beach, Florida where he designs robotic submarines to detect and locate underwater hidden explosives. Perry Technologies is a division of Lockheed Martin. </p>
<p>I have lived in Florida for approximately 15 years in Broward, Palm Beach, and Alachua counties and have used the “voting machines” in each of those places.</p>
<p>My son’s idea is quite simple.  Whichever system you choose will invariably involve PC’s.  Most of theses ideas will involve purchasing PC’s with custom software and/or hardware for use in elections.  </p>
<p>A much more cost effective solution would be to use PC’s that already exist in the local government offices.  If additional PC’s are needed because there are not enough in a given county, or the ones in a given county are too old,  I am sure that the government employees in that county would be happy to have the use of the “new” PC’s and give them up for one or two days around election time.  Similarly many of the plans that will be presented, will require touch screens; these monitors (with the touch screen hardware disabled) could replace many of the older monitors in our state and local offices and then be removed for a few days at election time.</p>
<p>One of the arguments against PC’s, touch screens etc., will be the what if problem.  What if the PC’s crashes and all the votes are lost?  What if a recount is needed?  What if a virus changes the votes?</p>
<p>After a voter casts their “electronic” vote, a nearby printer could print their choices.  This would be presented to the voter for verification, and if correct would be stored away for use in a “what if scenario.”  If not correct, the voter would be given a chance to correct their vote.</p>
<p>						Very truly yours,</p>
<p>						Harold Koplow</p>
<p>P.S.  I voted for you and your dad.  My choices were good.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'doc'
Pandoc can convert from DOCX, but not from DOC.
Try using Word to save your DOC file as DOCX, and convert that with pandoc.
Unknown input format 'doc'
Pandoc can convert from DOCX, but not from DOC.
Try using Word to save your DOC file as DOCX, and convert that with pandoc.
External referenceok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>macOS TextUtil HTML reference</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p class="p1">Harold Koplow</p>
<p class="p2">1105 Ft. Clarke Blvd. #1605</p>
<p class="p2">Gainesville, FL 32606</p>
<p class="p3">(352) 333-9790</p>
<p class="p3">hkoplow@bellsouth.net</p>
<p class="p4">December 17, 2000</p>

<p class="p6">Mr. Jeb Bush, Governor of the State of Florida</p>
<p class="p6">The Capitol</p>
<p class="p6">Tallahassee, FL 32399</p>

<p class="p6">Dear Governor Bush:</p>

<p class="p6">Perhaps you or your election task force committee might consider a suggestion my son presented to me.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>First a little background,</p>

<p class="p6">I was a Vice President at Wang Laboratories in Massachusetts for 15 years where I invented the Wang Word Processor.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>Following that, I was a Senior Vice President at Computer Consoles whose primary product was 411 directory assistance.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>We were the first people to introduce the 411 product that spoke the telephone number.</p>

<p class="p10">My son, David ( a recent graduate of FAU), is an engineer with Perry Technologies located in Riviera Beach, Florida where he designs robotic submarines to detect and locate underwater hidden explosives. Perry Technologies is a division of Lockheed Martin.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>

<p class="p11">I have lived in Florida for approximately 15 years in Broward, Palm Beach, and Alachua counties and have used the “voting machines” in each of those places.</p>

<p class="p6">My son’s idea is quite simple.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>Whichever system you choose will invariably involve PC’s.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>Most of theses ideas will involve purchasing PC’s with custom software and/or hardware for use in elections. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>

<p class="p6">A much more cost effective solution would be to use PC’s that already exist in the local government offices.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>If additional PC’s are needed because there are not enough in a given county, or the ones in a given county are too old,<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>I am sure that the government employees in that county would be happy to have the use of the “new” PC’s and give them up for one or two days around election time.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>Similarly many of the plans that will be presented, will require touch screens; these monitors (with the touch screen hardware disabled) could replace many of the older monitors in our state and local offices and then be removed for a few days at election time.</p>

<p class="p6">One of the arguments against PC’s, touch screens etc., will be the what if problem.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>What if the PC’s crashes and all the votes are lost?<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>What if a recount is needed?<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>What if a virus changes the votes?</p>

<p class="p6">After a voter casts their “electronic” vote, a nearby printer could print their choices.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>This would be presented to the voter for verification, and if correct would be stored away for use in a “what if scenario.”<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>If not correct, the voter would be given a chance to correct their vote.</p>

<p class="p6"><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span>Very truly yours,</p>


<p class="p6"><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span><span class="Apple-tab-span">	</span>Harold Koplow</p>

<p class="p6">P.S.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>I voted for you and your dad.<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>My choices were good.</p></body></html>
Project-local legacy binary Word reader parses Compound File Binary containers, WordDocument text, OLE properties, metadata, fields, lists, notes, comments, sections, bookmarks, and review provenance into the shared AST. Legacy .doc is not an upstream Pandoc input format token.

docbook

2 samples

DocBook article sample

461 bytes | Inline DocBook 5 article modeled on technical documentation.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0">
  <info><title>DocBook article sample</title></info>
  <section>
    <title>Migration notes</title>
    <para>DocBook content often appears in technical publishing pipelines.</para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem><para>Section titles</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>Lists and paragraphs</para></listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
  </section>
</article>

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Migration notes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DocBook content often appears in technical publishing pipelines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Section titles</li><li>Lists and paragraphs</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Migration notes</h1>
<p>DocBook content often appears in technical publishing pipelines.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Section titles</p></li>
<li><p>Lists and paragraphs</p></li>
</ul></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Migration notes</h1>
<p>DocBook content often appears in technical publishing pipelines.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Section titles</p></li>
<li><p>Lists and paragraphs</p></li>
</ul>
</body></html>
Bounded DocBook XML reader maps document metadata, sections, paragraphs, lists, links, CALS tables, media references, admonitions, code blocks, variable lists, and bibliography entries into the shared AST while preserving DocBook review packets. Full DocBook reader parity remains open.

DocBook table sample

370 bytes | Inline DocBook 5 table sample.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0"><info><title>DocBook table</title></info><section><title>Coverage</title><informaltable><tgroup cols="2"><tbody><row><entry>HTML</entry><entry>partial</entry></row><row><entry>DOCX</entry><entry>partial</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable></section></article>

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Coverage</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>HTML</td><td>partial</td></tr><tr><td>DOCX</td><td>partial</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Coverage</h1>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td>HTML</td><td>partial</td></tr>
<tr><td>DOCX</td><td>partial</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Coverage</h1>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>HTML</td>
<td>partial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DOCX</td>
<td>partial</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
Bounded DocBook XML reader maps document metadata, sections, paragraphs, lists, links, CALS tables, media references, admonitions, code blocks, variable lists, and bibliography entries into the shared AST while preserving DocBook review packets. Full DocBook reader parity remains open.

docx

9 samples

Quarterly operations report DOCX

11833 bytes | Checked-in port-libs fixture at lanes/pandoc/fixtures/showcase-user-docs/quarterly-operations-report.docx

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Generated normal-user report DOCX with headings, paragraphs, status table, ordered list, and bullets.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="quarterly-operations-report" style="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Quarterly Operations Report</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="executive-summary" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Executive summary</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">The publishing migration remains on track for the next review period. The team completed the first import-quality pass, confirmed media handling for common document packages, and identified a short list of layout-sensitive documents for manual review.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="status-by-workstream" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Status by workstream</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-docx-table-style="Table" data-docx-table-style-name="Table" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="Table"><colgroup><col style="width:21.2219%"/><col style="width:21.2219%"/><col style="width:21.2219%"/><col style="width:21.2219%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Workstream</th><th>Owner</th><th>Status</th><th>Next review</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Document inventory</td><td>Content operations</td><td>Complete</td><td>July 15</td></tr><tr><td>WordPress import review</td><td>Web platform</td><td>In progress</td><td>July 18</td></tr><tr><td>Accessibility checks</td><td>Design systems</td><td>Scheduled</td><td>July 22</td></tr><tr><td>Training materials</td><td>Enablement</td><td>In progress</td><td>July 24</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="key-updates" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Key updates</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Added representative samples for office documents, PDFs, ebooks, slides, and spreadsheets.</li><li>Published plain-language import quality notes on converted pages.</li><li>Confirmed retry paths for images and PDF reconstruction modes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="risks" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Risks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Source files with scanned pages may still require OCR before import.</li><li>Multi-column PDF layouts need review for reading order.</li><li>Documents with missing sibling media files should be uploaded as folders or ZIP archives.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="decision-log" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Decision log</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">The team will keep the default image mode set to important images, while offering retry actions for no images and all images.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="quarterly-operations-report">Quarterly Operations Report</h1>
<h2 id="executive-summary">Executive summary</h2>
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">The publishing migration remains on track for the next review period. The team completed the first import-quality pass, confirmed media handling for common document packages, and identified a short list of layout-sensitive documents for manual review.</p>
<h2 id="status-by-workstream">Status by workstream</h2>
<table data-docx-table-style="Table" data-docx-table-style-name="Table" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="Table" style="width:85%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 21%" /><col style="width: 21%" /><col style="width: 21%" /><col style="width: 21%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th>Workstream</th><th>Owner</th><th>Status</th><th>Next review</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Document inventory</td><td>Content operations</td><td>Complete</td><td>July 15</td></tr>
<tr><td>WordPress import review</td><td>Web platform</td><td>In progress</td><td>July 18</td></tr>
<tr><td>Accessibility checks</td><td>Design systems</td><td>Scheduled</td><td>July 22</td></tr>
<tr><td>Training materials</td><td>Enablement</td><td>In progress</td><td>July 24</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="key-updates">Key updates</h2>
<ul>
<li>Added representative samples for office documents, PDFs, ebooks, slides, and spreadsheets.</li>
<li>Published plain-language import quality notes on converted pages.</li>
<li>Confirmed retry paths for images and PDF reconstruction modes.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="risks">Risks</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li>Source files with scanned pages may still require OCR before import.</li>
<li>Multi-column PDF layouts need review for reading order.</li>
<li>Documents with missing sibling media files should be uploaded as folders or ZIP archives.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="decision-log">Decision log</h2>
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">The team will keep the default image mode set to important images, while offering retry actions for no images and all images.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="quarterly-operations-report">Quarterly Operations Report</h1>
<h2 id="executive-summary">Executive summary</h2>
<p>The publishing migration remains on track for the next review period.
The team completed the first import-quality pass, confirmed media
handling for common document packages, and identified a short list of
layout-sensitive documents for manual review.</p>
<h2 id="status-by-workstream">Status by workstream</h2>
<table style="width:85%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 21%" />
<col style="width: 21%" />
<col style="width: 21%" />
<col style="width: 21%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Workstream</th>
<th>Owner</th>
<th>Status</th>
<th>Next review</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Document inventory</td>
<td>Content operations</td>
<td>Complete</td>
<td>July 15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>WordPress import review</td>
<td>Web platform</td>
<td>In progress</td>
<td>July 18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Accessibility checks</td>
<td>Design systems</td>
<td>Scheduled</td>
<td>July 22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Training materials</td>
<td>Enablement</td>
<td>In progress</td>
<td>July 24</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="key-updates">Key updates</h2>
<ul>
<li>Added representative samples for office documents, PDFs, ebooks,
slides, and spreadsheets.</li>
<li>Published plain-language import quality notes on converted
pages.</li>
<li>Confirmed retry paths for images and PDF reconstruction modes.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="risks">Risks</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li>Source files with scanned pages may still require OCR before
import.</li>
<li>Multi-column PDF layouts need review for reading order.</li>
<li>Documents with missing sibling media files should be uploaded as
folders or ZIP archives.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="decision-log">Decision log</h2>
<p>The team will keep the default image mode set to important images,
while offering retry actions for no images and all images.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded DOCX package reader parses document.xml, styles, numbering levels/start/style/delimiter attributes, relationships, notes/comments, headers/footers, media references, bookmarks, simple reference fields, OMML equations, and core properties into the shared AST. Full DOCX parity remains open.

Support specialist resume DOCX

11608 bytes | Checked-in port-libs fixture at lanes/pandoc/fixtures/showcase-user-docs/support-specialist-resume.docx

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Generated normal-user resume DOCX with contact details, experience sections, bullets, and skills table.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="jordan-lee" style="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Jordan Lee</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">Customer support specialist with seven years of experience helping software teams migrate documentation, triage publishing issues, and train non-technical editors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="contact" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Contact</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>jordan.lee@example.com</li><li>Portland, OR</li><li>https://example.com/jordan-lee</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="experience" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Experience</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="senior-support-specialist-example-cms" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Senior Support Specialist, Example CMS</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">2019-2026</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Led weekly office hours for enterprise customers moving policy documents into WordPress.</li><li>Built reusable checklists for media import, link review, and accessibility follow-up.</li><li>Coordinated escalation notes between support, product, and engineering.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="documentation-coordinator-city-library" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Documentation Coordinator, City Library</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">2016-2019</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Converted legacy manuals into structured web pages.</li><li>Reviewed tables, lists, and headings for public-facing accessibility.</li><li>Maintained release notes for staff training sessions.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="skills" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Skills</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-docx-table-style="Table" data-docx-table-style-name="Table" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="Table"><colgroup><col style="width:42.3529%"/><col style="width:42.3529%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Area</th><th>Tools</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Publishing</td><td>WordPress, Markdown, HTML</td></tr><tr><td>Review</td><td>Accessibility checks, link validation, table cleanup</td></tr><tr><td>Collaboration</td><td>Ticket queues, customer calls, training notes</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="education" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Education</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">Bachelor of Arts, Technical Communication</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="jordan-lee">Jordan Lee</h1>
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">Customer support specialist with seven years of experience helping software teams migrate documentation, triage publishing issues, and train non-technical editors.</p>
<h2 id="contact">Contact</h2>
<ul>
<li>jordan.lee@example.com</li>
<li>Portland, OR</li>
<li>https://example.com/jordan-lee</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="experience">Experience</h2>
<h3 id="senior-support-specialist-example-cms">Senior Support Specialist, Example CMS</h3>
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">2019-2026</p>
<ul>
<li>Led weekly office hours for enterprise customers moving policy documents into WordPress.</li>
<li>Built reusable checklists for media import, link review, and accessibility follow-up.</li>
<li>Coordinated escalation notes between support, product, and engineering.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="documentation-coordinator-city-library">Documentation Coordinator, City Library</h3>
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">2016-2019</p>
<ul>
<li>Converted legacy manuals into structured web pages.</li>
<li>Reviewed tables, lists, and headings for public-facing accessibility.</li>
<li>Maintained release notes for staff training sessions.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="skills">Skills</h2>
<table data-docx-table-style="Table" data-docx-table-style-name="Table" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="Table" style="width:85%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 42%" /><col style="width: 42%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th>Area</th><th>Tools</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Publishing</td><td>WordPress, Markdown, HTML</td></tr>
<tr><td>Review</td><td>Accessibility checks, link validation, table cleanup</td></tr>
<tr><td>Collaboration</td><td>Ticket queues, customer calls, training notes</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="education">Education</h2>
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">Bachelor of Arts, Technical Communication</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="jordan-lee">Jordan Lee</h1>
<p>Customer support specialist with seven years of experience helping
software teams migrate documentation, triage publishing issues, and
train non-technical editors.</p>
<h2 id="contact">Contact</h2>
<ul>
<li>jordan.lee@example.com</li>
<li>Portland, OR</li>
<li>https://example.com/jordan-lee</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="experience">Experience</h2>
<h3 id="senior-support-specialist-example-cms">Senior Support
Specialist, Example CMS</h3>
<p>2019-2026</p>
<ul>
<li>Led weekly office hours for enterprise customers moving policy
documents into WordPress.</li>
<li>Built reusable checklists for media import, link review, and
accessibility follow-up.</li>
<li>Coordinated escalation notes between support, product, and
engineering.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="documentation-coordinator-city-library">Documentation
Coordinator, City Library</h3>
<p>2016-2019</p>
<ul>
<li>Converted legacy manuals into structured web pages.</li>
<li>Reviewed tables, lists, and headings for public-facing
accessibility.</li>
<li>Maintained release notes for staff training sessions.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="skills">Skills</h2>
<table style="width:85%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 42%" />
<col style="width: 42%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Area</th>
<th>Tools</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Publishing</td>
<td>WordPress, Markdown, HTML</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Review</td>
<td>Accessibility checks, link validation, table cleanup</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Collaboration</td>
<td>Ticket queues, customer calls, training notes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="education">Education</h2>
<p>Bachelor of Arts, Technical Communication</p>
</body></html>
Bounded DOCX package reader parses document.xml, styles, numbering levels/start/style/delimiter attributes, relationships, notes/comments, headers/footers, media references, bookmarks, simple reference fields, OMML equations, and core properties into the shared AST. Full DOCX parity remains open.

Remote work policy DOCX

11757 bytes | Checked-in port-libs fixture at lanes/pandoc/fixtures/showcase-user-docs/remote-work-policy.docx

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Generated normal-user policy DOCX with request process, approval matrix, lists, and exception notes.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="remote-work-policy" style="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Remote Work Policy</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="purpose" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Purpose</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">This policy explains how employees request, review, and maintain a remote or hybrid work arrangement. It is intended for repeat use by managers, people operations, and employees.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="eligibility" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Eligibility</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">Employees may request remote work when their role can be performed securely away from the office and when team coverage remains clear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="request-process" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Request process</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Employee submits the requested schedule and work location.</li><li>Manager reviews team coverage and customer commitments.</li><li>People operations reviews payroll, tax, and equipment implications.</li><li>The approved schedule is recorded in the team handbook.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="approval-matrix" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Approval matrix</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-docx-table-style="Table" data-docx-table-style-name="Table" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="Table"><colgroup><col style="width:28.2655%"/><col style="width:28.2655%"/><col style="width:28.2655%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Request type</th><th>Approver</th><th>Renewal</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Occasional remote day</td><td>Team lead</td><td>None</td></tr><tr><td>Recurring hybrid schedule</td><td>Department manager</td><td>Quarterly</td></tr><tr><td>Out-of-region remote work</td><td>People operations</td><td>Before travel</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="equipment-and-security" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Equipment and security</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Employees must use approved devices for company work.</li><li>Confidential files must remain in approved systems.</li><li>Lost or stolen equipment must be reported the same day.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="exceptions" style="margin-top:8pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Exceptions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">Exceptions should be documented with the reason, approval date, and next review date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="remote-work-policy">Remote Work Policy</h1>
<h2 id="purpose">Purpose</h2>
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">This policy explains how employees request, review, and maintain a remote or hybrid work arrangement. It is intended for repeat use by managers, people operations, and employees.</p>
<h2 id="eligibility">Eligibility</h2>
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">Employees may request remote work when their role can be performed securely away from the office and when team coverage remains clear.</p>
<h2 id="request-process">Request process</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li>Employee submits the requested schedule and work location.</li>
<li>Manager reviews team coverage and customer commitments.</li>
<li>People operations reviews payroll, tax, and equipment implications.</li>
<li>The approved schedule is recorded in the team handbook.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="approval-matrix">Approval matrix</h2>
<table data-docx-table-style="Table" data-docx-table-style-name="Table" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="Table" style="width:85%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th>Request type</th><th>Approver</th><th>Renewal</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Occasional remote day</td><td>Team lead</td><td>None</td></tr>
<tr><td>Recurring hybrid schedule</td><td>Department manager</td><td>Quarterly</td></tr>
<tr><td>Out-of-region remote work</td><td>People operations</td><td>Before travel</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="equipment-and-security">Equipment and security</h2>
<ul>
<li>Employees must use approved devices for company work.</li>
<li>Confidential files must remain in approved systems.</li>
<li>Lost or stolen equipment must be reported the same day.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="exceptions">Exceptions</h2>
<p style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:9pt">Exceptions should be documented with the reason, approval date, and next review date.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="remote-work-policy">Remote Work Policy</h1>
<h2 id="purpose">Purpose</h2>
<p>This policy explains how employees request, review, and maintain a
remote or hybrid work arrangement. It is intended for repeat use by
managers, people operations, and employees.</p>
<h2 id="eligibility">Eligibility</h2>
<p>Employees may request remote work when their role can be performed
securely away from the office and when team coverage remains clear.</p>
<h2 id="request-process">Request process</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li>Employee submits the requested schedule and work location.</li>
<li>Manager reviews team coverage and customer commitments.</li>
<li>People operations reviews payroll, tax, and equipment
implications.</li>
<li>The approved schedule is recorded in the team handbook.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="approval-matrix">Approval matrix</h2>
<table style="width:85%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Request type</th>
<th>Approver</th>
<th>Renewal</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Occasional remote day</td>
<td>Team lead</td>
<td>None</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Recurring hybrid schedule</td>
<td>Department manager</td>
<td>Quarterly</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Out-of-region remote work</td>
<td>People operations</td>
<td>Before travel</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="equipment-and-security">Equipment and security</h2>
<ul>
<li>Employees must use approved devices for company work.</li>
<li>Confidential files must remain in approved systems.</li>
<li>Lost or stolen equipment must be reported the same day.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="exceptions">Exceptions</h2>
<p>Exceptions should be documented with the reason, approval date, and
next review date.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded DOCX package reader parses document.xml, styles, numbering levels/start/style/delimiter attributes, relationships, notes/comments, headers/footers, media references, bookmarks, simple reference fields, OMML equations, and core properties into the shared AST. Full DOCX parity remains open.

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Download original file

WordprocessingML package from upstream Pandoc DOCX reader tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="a-test-of-headers" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt">A Test of Headers</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="second-level" style="margin-top:10pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Second Level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some plain text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="third-level" style="margin-top:10pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Third level</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="fourth-level" style="margin-top:10pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Fourth level</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="fifth-level" style="margin-top:10pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Fifth level</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":6} -->
<h6 id="sixth-level" style="margin-top:10pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Sixth level</h6>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Seventh level</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Since no Heading 7 style exists in styles.xml, this gets converted to Span.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="a-test-of-headers">A Test of Headers</h1>
<h2 id="second-level">Second Level</h2>
<p>Some plain text.</p>
<h3 id="third-level">Third level</h3>
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<h4 id="fourth-level">Fourth level</h4>
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<h5 id="fifth-level">Fifth level</h5>
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<h6 id="sixth-level">Sixth level</h6>
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<p>Seventh level</p>
<p>Since no Heading 7 style exists in styles.xml, this gets converted to Span.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="a-test-of-headers">A Test of Headers</h1>
<h2 id="second-level">Second Level</h2>
<p>Some plain text.</p>
<h3 id="third-level">Third level</h3>
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<h4 id="fourth-level">Fourth level</h4>
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<h5 id="fifth-level">Fifth level</h5>
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<h6 id="sixth-level">Sixth level</h6>
<p>Some more plain text.</p>
<p>Seventh level</p>
<p>Since no Heading 7 style exists in styles.xml, this gets converted to
Span.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded DOCX package reader parses document.xml, styles, numbering levels/start/style/delimiter attributes, relationships, notes/comments, headers/footers, media references, bookmarks, simple reference fields, OMML equations, and core properties into the shared AST. Full DOCX parity remains open.

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

DOCX table coverage from upstream Pandoc reader tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="a-table-with-and-without-a-header-row" style="margin-top:10pt">A table, with and without a header row</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-docx-table-style="LightShading" data-docx-table-style-name="Light Shading" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="TableNormal LightShading"><colgroup><col style="width:25%"/><col style="width:25%"/><col style="width:25%"/><col style="width:25%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Name</th><th data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Game</th><th data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Fame</th><th data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Blame</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Lebron James</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Basketball</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Very High</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Leaving Cleveland</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Ryan Braun</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Baseball</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Moderate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Steroids</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Russell Wilson</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Football</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">High</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Tacky uniform</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-docx-table-style="TableGrid" data-docx-table-style-name="Table Grid" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="TableNormal TableGrid"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Sinple</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Table</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Without</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Header</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-docx-table-style="TableGrid" data-docx-table-style-name="Table Grid" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="TableNormal TableGrid"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Simple</p><p>Multiparagraph</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Table</p><p>Full</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Of</p><p>Paragraphs</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>In each</p><p>Cell.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="a-table-with-and-without-a-header-row">A table, with and without a header row</h2>
<table data-docx-table-style="LightShading" data-docx-table-style-name="Light Shading" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="TableNormal LightShading">
<colgroup><col style="width: 25%" /><col style="width: 25%" /><col style="width: 25%" /><col style="width: 25%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Name</th><th data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Game</th><th data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Fame</th><th data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Blame</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Lebron James</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Basketball</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Very High</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Leaving Cleveland</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Ryan Braun</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Baseball</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Moderate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Steroids</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Russell Wilson</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Football</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">High</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2214" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Tacky uniform</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table data-docx-table-style="TableGrid" data-docx-table-style-name="Table Grid" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="TableNormal TableGrid">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Sinple</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Table</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Without</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Header</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table data-docx-table-style="TableGrid" data-docx-table-style-name="Table Grid" data-docx-table-style-based-on="TableNormal" data-docx-table-style-chain="TableNormal TableGrid">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Simple</p><p>Multiparagraph</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Table</p><p>Full</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Of</p><p>Paragraphs</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4428" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>In each</p><p>Cell.</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="a-table-with-and-without-a-header-row">A table, with and without
a header row</h2>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 25%" />
<col style="width: 25%" />
<col style="width: 25%" />
<col style="width: 25%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Game</th>
<th>Fame</th>
<th>Blame</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Lebron James</td>
<td>Basketball</td>
<td>Very High</td>
<td>Leaving Cleveland</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ryan Braun</td>
<td>Baseball</td>
<td>Moderate</td>
<td>Steroids</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Russell Wilson</td>
<td>Football</td>
<td>High</td>
<td>Tacky uniform</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Sinple</td>
<td>Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Without</td>
<td>Header</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p>Simple</p>
<p>Multiparagraph</p></td>
<td><p>Table</p>
<p>Full</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>Of</p>
<p>Paragraphs</p></td>
<td><p>In each</p>
<p>Cell.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
Bounded DOCX package reader parses document.xml, styles, numbering levels/start/style/delimiter attributes, relationships, notes/comments, headers/footers, media references, bookmarks, simple reference fields, OMML equations, and core properties into the shared AST. Full DOCX parity remains open.

DOCX footnotes and endnotes

19056 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at test/docx/notes.docx

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Download original file

DOCX notes fixture from upstream Pandoc reader tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="a-footnote" style="margin-top:10pt">A footnote</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Test footnote.<sup id="fnref-1"><a href="#fn-1" role="doc-noteref">1</a></sup> Test endnote.<sup id="fnref-2"><a href="#fn-2" role="doc-noteref">2</a></sup></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li id="fn-1"><p>My note.</p> <a href="#fnref-1" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-2"><p>This is an endnote at the end of the document.</p> <a href="#fnref-2" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="a-footnote">A footnote</h2>
<p>Test footnote.<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a> Test endnote.<a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref"><sup>2</sup></a></p>
<div class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>My note.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn2"><p>This is an endnote at the end of the document.<a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="a-footnote">A footnote</h2>
<p>Test footnote.<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a> Test endnote.<a href="#fn2"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref"><sup>2</sup></a></p>
<section id="footnotes" class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document"
role="doc-endnotes">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>My note.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn2"><p>This is an endnote at the end of the document.<a
href="#fnref2" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</section>
</body></html>
Bounded DOCX package reader parses document.xml, styles, numbering levels/start/style/delimiter attributes, relationships, notes/comments, headers/footers, media references, bookmarks, simple reference fields, OMML equations, and core properties into the shared AST. Full DOCX parity remains open.

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DOCX fixture with packaged image relationships from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This picture <img src="media/media/image1.jpg" alt="This one is green and looks like Sideshow Bob." title="First identicon" data-pandoc-width="0.8888888888888888in" data-pandoc-height="0.8888888888888888in" style="width:0.8888888888888888in; height:0.8888888888888888in" data-docx-image-relationship-id="rId4" data-docx-image-name="Picture 1" data-docx-image-id="1" data-pandoc-media-source="media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1733" data-pandoc-media-sha1="9cf275726112b0d764ff1e56c369dbc3d51bc737" data-pandoc-media-source-path="media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="9ad99ac704272e62c3ef9964e214a2c909fc0708" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/> is an identicon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is <a href="http://www.google.com"><span style="color:#0000ff">one <img src="media/media/image2.jpg" alt="This one is reddish, and looks like a heart that has leaked out." title="Second identicon" data-pandoc-width="0.8888888888888888in" data-pandoc-height="0.8888888888888888in" style="width:0.8888888888888888in; height:0.8888888888888888in" data-docx-image-relationship-id="rId6" data-docx-image-name="Picture 2" data-docx-image-id="2" data-pandoc-media-source="media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1378" data-pandoc-media-sha1="0dadb3ad2a88f2264ecbc7b7ef70d2ca2f95a2ac" data-pandoc-media-source-path="media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="590d6e5338463053c8072dbe43f0ffa4176c8bc3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/> that</span></a> links.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>This picture <img src="media/media/image1.jpg" title="First identicon" alt="This one is green and looks like Sideshow Bob." data-docx-image-relationship-id="rId4" data-docx-image-name="Picture 1" data-docx-image-id="1" width="0.8888888888888888in" height="0.8888888888888888in" data-pandoc-media-source="media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1733" data-pandoc-media-sha1="9cf275726112b0d764ff1e56c369dbc3d51bc737" data-pandoc-media-source-path="media/image1.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="9ad99ac704272e62c3ef9964e214a2c909fc0708" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /> is an identicon.</p>
<p>Here is <a href="http://www.google.com"><span style="color:#0000FF">one <img src="media/media/image2.jpg" title="Second identicon" alt="This one is reddish, and looks like a heart that has leaked out." data-docx-image-relationship-id="rId6" data-docx-image-name="Picture 2" data-docx-image-id="2" width="0.8888888888888888in" height="0.8888888888888888in" data-pandoc-media-source="media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1378" data-pandoc-media-sha1="0dadb3ad2a88f2264ecbc7b7ef70d2ca2f95a2ac" data-pandoc-media-source-path="media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="590d6e5338463053c8072dbe43f0ffa4176c8bc3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /> that</span></a> links.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>This picture <img src="media/image1.jpg" title="First identicon"
style="width:0.88889in;height:0.88889in"
alt="This one is green and looks like Sideshow Bob." /> is an
identicon.</p>
<p>Here is <a href="http://www.google.com">one <img
src="media/image2.jpg" title="Second identicon"
style="width:0.88889in;height:0.88889in"
alt="This one is reddish, and looks like a heart that has leaked out." />
that</a> links.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded DOCX package reader parses document.xml, styles, numbering levels/start/style/delimiter attributes, relationships, notes/comments, headers/footers, media references, bookmarks, simple reference fields, OMML equations, and core properties into the shared AST. Full DOCX parity remains open.

OASIS KMIP specification DOCX

482355 bytes | OASIS KMIP Specification v1.4 editable DOCX

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Real standards-track DOCX with many sections, tables, lists, references, styles, and packaged media.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/media/image1.png" alt="oasis" data-pandoc-width="2.1215277777777777in" data-pandoc-height="0.55625in" style="width:2.1215277777777777in; height:0.55625in" data-docx-image-relationship-id="rId9" data-docx-image-name="Picture 1" data-docx-image-id="1" data-pandoc-media-source="media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-path="media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1551" data-pandoc-media-sha1="e443a371b57df14b45a598cbdf1feaaa3ffc2f2a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="708690f2c5b279f76322d6ef727b108989322001" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt">Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.4</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt">OASIS Standard</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt">22 November 2017</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12pt">Specification URIs</span></p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">This version:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.docx"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.docx</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee"> (Authoritative)</span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.pdf</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Previous version:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.docx"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.docx</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee"> (Authoritative)</span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.html</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.pdf</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Latest version:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.docx"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.docx</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee"> </span><span style="color:#403152">(Authoritative)</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.pdf</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Technical Committee:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/"><span style="color:#0000ee">OASIS Key Management Interoperability Protocol (KMIP) TC</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Chairs:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Judith Furlong (<a href="mailto:Judith.Furlong@dell.com"><span style="color:#0000ee">Judith.Furlong@dell.com</span></a>), <a href="http://www.dell.com"><span style="color:#0000ee">Dell</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Tony Cox (<a href="mailto:tony.cox@cryptsoft.com"><span style="color:#0000ee">tony.cox@cryptsoft.com</span></a>), <a href="http://www.cryptsoft.com"><span style="color:#0000ee">Cryptsoft Pty Ltd.</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Editor:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Tony Cox (<a href="mailto:tony.cox@cryptsoft.com"><span style="color:#0000ee">tony.cox@cryptsoft.com</span></a>), <a href="http://www.cryptsoft.com"><span style="color:#0000ee">Cryptsoft Pty Ltd.</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="0" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="RelatedWork"></span>Related work<span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="0"></span>:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">This specification replaces or supersedes:</p>
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<ul><li><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.0</em>. Edited by Robert Haas and Indra Fitzgerald. 01 October 2010. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.0/os/kmip-spec-1.0-os.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.0/os/kmip-spec-1.0-os.html</span></a>.</li><li><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.1.</em> Edited by Robert Haas and Indra Fitzgerald. 24 January 2013. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.1/os/kmip-spec-v1.1-os.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.1/os/kmip-spec-v1.1-os.html</span></a>.</li><li><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.2.</em> Edited by Kiran Thota and Kelley Burgin. 19 May 2015. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.2/os/kmip-spec-v1.2-os.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.2/os/kmip-spec-v1.2-os.html</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></li><li><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.3</em>. Edited by Kiran Thota and Tony Cox. 27 December 2016. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.3/os/kmip-spec-v1.3-os.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.3/os/kmip-spec-v1.3-os.html</span></a>.</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">This specification is related to:</p>
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<ul><li><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Profiles Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Robert Lockhart. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html</span></a>.</li><li><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Test Cases Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Mark Joseph. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html</span></a>.</li><li><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Usage Guide Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Judith Furlong. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html</span></a>.</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Abstract:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">This document is intended for developers and architects who wish to design systems and applications that interoperate using the Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Status:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">This document was last revised or approved by the Members of OASIS on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the “Latest version” location noted above for possible later revisions of this document. Any other numbered Versions and other technical work produced by the Technical Committee (TC) are listed at <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=kmip#technical"><span style="color:#0000ee">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=kmip#technical</span></a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">TC members should send comments on this specification to the TC’s email list. Others should send comments to the TC’s public comment list, after subscribing to it by following the instructions at the “<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=kmip"><span style="color:#0000ee">Send A Comment</span></a>” button on the TC’s web page at <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/"><span style="color:#0000ee">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/</span></a><span style="color:#000000">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">This OASIS Standard is provided under the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr#RF-on-RAND-Mode"><span style="color:#0000ee">RF on RAND Terms</span></a> Mode of the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr"><span style="color:#0000ee">OASIS IPR Policy</span></a>, the mode chosen when the Technical Committee was established. For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property Rights section of the TC’s web page (<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php"><span style="color:#0000ee">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php</span></a>).</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Note that any machine-readable content (<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/tc-process#wpComponentsCompLang"><span style="color:#0000ee">Computer Language Definitions</span></a>) declared Normative for this Work Product is provided in separate plain text files. In the event of a discrepancy between any such plain text file and display content in the Work Product&#039;s prose narrative document(s), the content in the separate plain text file prevails.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Citation format:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">When referencing this specification the following citation format should be used:</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><strong>[kmip-spec-v1.4]</strong></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.4</em>. Edited by Tony Cox. 22 November 2017. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">. </span>Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Notices</p>
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<p>Copyright © OASIS Open 2017. All Rights Reserved.</p>
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<p>All capitalized terms in the following text have the meanings assigned to them in the OASIS Intellectual Property Rights Policy (the &quot;OASIS IPR Policy&quot;). The full <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr"><span style="color:#0000ee">Policy</span></a> may be found at the OASIS website.</p>
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<p>This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published, and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this section are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, including by removing the copyright notice or references to OASIS, except as needed for the purpose of developing any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical Committee (in which case the rules applicable to copyrights, as set forth in the OASIS IPR Policy, must be followed) or as required to translate it into languages other than English.</p>
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<p>The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by OASIS or its successors or assigns.</p>
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<p>This document and the information contained herein is provided on an &quot;AS IS&quot; basis and OASIS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY OWNERSHIP RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.</p>
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<p>OASIS requests that any OASIS Party or any other party that believes it has patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by implementations of this OASIS Committee Specification or OASIS Standard, to notify OASIS TC Administrator and provide an indication of its willingness to grant patent licenses to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this specification.</p>
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<p>OASIS invites any party to contact the OASIS TC Administrator if it is aware of a claim of ownership of any patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by implementations of this specification by a patent holder that is not willing to provide a license to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this specification. OASIS may include such claims on its website, but disclaims any obligation to do so.</p>
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<p>OASIS takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on OASIS&#039; procedures with respect to rights in any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical Committee can be found on the OASIS website. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this OASIS Committee Specification or OASIS Standard, can be obtained from the OASIS TC Administrator. OASIS makes no representation that any information or list of intellectual property rights will at any time be complete, or that any claims in such list are, in fact, Essential Claims.</p>
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<p>The name &quot;OASIS&quot; is a trademark of <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/"><span style="color:#0000ee">OASIS</span></a>, the owner and developer of this specification, and should be used only to refer to the organization and its official outputs. OASIS welcomes reference to, and implementation and use of, specifications, while reserving the right to enforce its marks against misleading uses. Please see <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/trademark"><span style="color:#0000ee">https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/trademark</span></a> for above guidance.</p>
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<p style="break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Table of Contents</p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><span class="docx-field docx-field-toc docx-generated-field docx-generated-field-toc docx-field-hyperlink docx-field-outline-levels docx-field-hide-web-layout" data-docx-field="toc" data-docx-field-instruction="TOC \o &quot;1-6&quot; \h \z \u" data-docx-generated-field-type="table-of-contents" data-docx-field-hyperlink="true" data-docx-field-outline-levels="1-6" data-docx-field-hide-web-layout="true" data-docx-field-use-outline-levels="true" data-docx-field-target="#introduction"><a href="#introduction"><span style="color:#0000ee">1</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Introduction</span> 11</a></span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#ipr-policy"><span style="color:#0000ee">1.0 IPR Policy</span> <span>11</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#terminology"><span style="color:#0000ee">1.1 Terminology</span> <span>11</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#normative-references"><span style="color:#0000ee">1.2 Normative References</span> <span>14</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#non-normative-references"><span style="color:#0000ee">1.3 Non-Normative References</span> <span>17</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#objects"><span style="color:#0000ee">2</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Objects</span> <span>19</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#base-objects"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1 Base Objects</span> <span>19</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#attribute"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.1 Attribute</span> <span>19</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#credential"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.2 Credential</span> <span>20</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-block"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.3 Key Block</span> <span>21</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-value"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.4 Key Value</span> <span>22</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.5 Key Wrapping Data</span> <span>23</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-wrapping-specification"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.6 Key Wrapping Specification</span> <span>25</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7 Transparent Key Structures</span> <span>26</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-symmetric-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.1 Transparent Symmetric Key</span> <span>27</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-dsa-private-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.2 Transparent DSA Private Key</span> <span>27</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-dsa-public-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.3 Transparent DSA Public Key</span> <span>28</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-rsa-private-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.4 Transparent RSA Private Key</span> <span>28</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-rsa-public-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.5 Transparent RSA Public Key</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-dh-private-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.6 Transparent DH Private Key</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-dh-public-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.7 Transparent DH Public Key</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecdsa-private-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.8 Transparent ECDSA Private Key</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecdsa-public-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.9 Transparent ECDSA Public Key</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecdh-private-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.10 Transparent ECDH Private Key</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecdh-public-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.11 Transparent ECDH Public Key</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecmqv-private-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.12 Transparent ECMQV Private Key</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecmqv-public-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.13 Transparent ECMQV Public Key</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ec-private-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.14 Transparent EC Private Key</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ec-public-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.7.15 Transparent EC Public Key</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.8 Template-Attribute Structures</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#extension-information"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.9 Extension Information</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#data"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.10 Data</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#data-length"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.11 Data Length</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#signature-data"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.12 Signature Data</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#mac-data"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.13 MAC Data</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#nonce"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.14 Nonce</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#correlation-value"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.15 Correlation Value</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#init-indicator"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.16 Init Indicator</span> <span>34</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#final-indicator"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.17 Final Indicator</span> <span>34</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#rng-parameters"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.18 RNG Parameters</span> <span>35</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#profile-information"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.19 Profile Information</span> <span>35</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#validation-information"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.20 Validation Information</span> <span>36</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#capability-information"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.21 Capability Information</span> <span>36</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.22 Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#authenticated-encryption-tag"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.1.23 Authenticated Encryption Tag</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#managed-objects"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.2 Managed Objects</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.2.1 Certificate</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#symmetric-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.2.2 Symmetric Key</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#public-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.2.3 Public Key</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#private-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.2.4 Private Key</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#split-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.2.5 Split Key</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#template"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.2.6 Template</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#secret-data"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.2.7 Secret Data</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.2.8 Opaque Object</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#pgp-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">2.2.9 PGP Key</span> <span>41</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#attributes"><span style="color:#0000ee">3</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Attributes</span> <span>42</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.1 Unique Identifier</span> <span>43</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#name"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.2 Name</span> <span>44</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#object-type"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.3 Object Type</span> <span>44</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.4 Cryptographic Algorithm</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cryptographic-length"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.5 Cryptographic Length</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.6 Cryptographic Parameters</span> <span>46</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.7 Cryptographic Domain Parameters</span> <span>49</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate-type"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.8 Certificate Type</span> <span>49</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate-length"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.9 Certificate Length</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#x.509-certificate-identifier"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.10 X.509 Certificate Identifier</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.11 X.509 Certificate Subject</span> <span>51</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.12 X.509 Certificate Issuer</span> <span>52</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate-identifier"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.13 Certificate Identifier</span> <span>52</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate-subject"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.14 Certificate Subject</span> <span>53</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate-issuer"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.15 Certificate Issuer</span> <span>54</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.16 Digital Signature Algorithm</span> <span>54</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#digest"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.17 Digest</span> <span>55</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#operation-policy-name"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.18 Operation Policy Name</span> <span>56</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#operations-outside-of-operation-policy-control"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.18.1 Operations outside of operation policy control</span> <span>57</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#default-operation-policy"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.18.2 Default Operation Policy</span> <span>57</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#default-operation-policy-for-secret-objects"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.18.2.1 Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</span> <span>57</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#default-operation-policy-for-certificates-and-public-key-objects"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.18.2.2 Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</span> <span>58</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#default-operation-policy-for-template-objects"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.18.2.3 Default Operation Policy for Template Objects</span> <span>59</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.19 Cryptographic Usage Mask</span> <span>60</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#lease-time"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.20 Lease Time</span> <span>61</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.21 Usage Limits</span> <span>62</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#state"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.22 State</span> <span>63</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#initial-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.23 Initial Date</span> <span>65</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#activation-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.24 Activation Date</span> <span>65</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#process-start-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.25 Process Start Date</span> <span>66</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#protect-stop-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.26 Protect Stop Date</span> <span>67</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#deactivation-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.27 Deactivation Date</span> <span>68</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#destroy-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.28 Destroy Date</span> <span>68</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.29 Compromise Occurrence Date</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#compromise-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.30 Compromise Date</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.31 Revocation Reason</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#archive-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.32 Archive Date</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#object-group"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.33 Object Group</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#fresh"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.34 Fresh</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#link"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.35 Link</span> <span>72</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#application-specific-information"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.36 Application Specific Information</span> <span>73</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#contact-information"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.37 Contact Information</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.38 Last Change Date</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#custom-attribute"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.39 Custom Attribute</span> <span>75</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#alternative-name"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.40 Alternative Name</span> <span>76</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-value-present"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.41 Key Value Present</span> <span>76</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-value-location"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.42 Key Value Location</span> <span>77</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#original-creation-date"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.43 Original Creation Date</span> <span>77</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#random-number-generator"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.44 Random Number Generator</span> <span>78</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#pkcs12-friendly-name"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.45 PKCS#12 Friendly Name</span> <span>79</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#description"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.46 Description</span> <span>79</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#comment"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.47 Comment</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#sensitive"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.48 Sensitive</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#always-sensitive"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.49 Always Sensitive</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#extractable"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.50 Extractable</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#never-extractable"><span style="color:#0000ee">3.51 Never Extractable</span> <span>82</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#client-to-server-operations"><span style="color:#0000ee">4</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Client-to-Server Operations</span> <span>83</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.1 Create</span> <span>84</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create-key-pair"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.2 Create Key Pair</span> <span>85</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#register"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.3 Register</span> <span>88</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.4 Re-key</span> <span>90</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-key-key-pair"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.5 Re-key Key Pair</span> <span>92</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.6 Derive Key</span> <span>96</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certify"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.7 Certify</span> <span>99</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-certify"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.8 Re-certify</span> <span>100</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#locate"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.9 Locate</span> <span>102</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#check"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.10 Check</span> <span>104</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.11 Get</span> <span>106</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-attributes"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.12 Get Attributes</span> <span>107</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-attribute-list"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.13 Get Attribute List</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#add-attribute"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.14 Add Attribute</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#modify-attribute"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.15 Modify Attribute</span> <span>109</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#delete-attribute"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.16 Delete Attribute</span> <span>109</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#obtain-lease"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.17 Obtain Lease</span> <span>110</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-usage-allocation"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.18 Get Usage Allocation</span> <span>111</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#activate"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.19 Activate</span> <span>112</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#revoke"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.20 Revoke</span> <span>112</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#destroy"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.21 Destroy</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#archive"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.22 Archive</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#recover"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.23 Recover</span> <span>114</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#validate"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.24 Validate</span> <span>114</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#query"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.25 Query</span> <span>115</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#discover-versions"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.26 Discover Versions</span> <span>117</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cancel"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.27 Cancel</span> <span>118</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#poll"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.28 Poll</span> <span>119</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#encrypt"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.29 Encrypt</span> <span>119</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#decrypt"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.30 Decrypt</span> <span>121</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#sign"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.31 Sign</span> <span>123</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#signature-verify"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.32 Signature Verify</span> <span>125</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#mac"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.33 MAC</span> <span>127</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#mac-verify"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.34 MAC Verify</span> <span>129</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#rng-retrieve"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.35 RNG Retrieve</span> <span>130</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#rng-seed"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.36 RNG Seed</span> <span>130</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#hash"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.37 Hash</span> <span>131</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create-split-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.38 Create Split Key</span> <span>132</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#join-split-key"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.39 Join Split Key</span> <span>133</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#export"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.40 Export</span> <span>134</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#import"><span style="color:#0000ee">4.41 Import</span> <span>134</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#server-to-client-operations"><span style="color:#0000ee">5</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Server-to-Client Operations</span> <span>136</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#notify"><span style="color:#0000ee">5.1 Notify</span> <span>136</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#put"><span style="color:#0000ee">5.2 Put</span> <span>136</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#query-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">5.3 Query</span> <span>137</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#message-contents"><span style="color:#0000ee">6</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Message Contents</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.1 Protocol Version</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#operation"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.2 Operation</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#maximum-response-size"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.3 Maximum Response Size</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#unique-batch-item-id"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.4 Unique Batch Item ID</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#time-stamp"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.5 Time Stamp</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#authentication"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.6 Authentication</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#asynchronous-indicator"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.7 Asynchronous Indicator</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.8 Asynchronous Correlation Value</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#result-status"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.9 Result Status</span> <span>143</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#result-reason"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.10 Result Reason</span> <span>143</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#result-message"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.11 Result Message</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#batch-order-option"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.12 Batch Order Option</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.13 Batch Error Continuation Option</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#batch-count"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.14 Batch Count</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#batch-item"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.15 Batch Item</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#message-extension"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.16 Message Extension</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#attestation-capable-indicator"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.17 Attestation Capable Indicator</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#client-correlation-value"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.18 Client Correlation Value</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#server-correlation-value"><span style="color:#0000ee">6.19 Server Correlation Value</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#message-format"><span style="color:#0000ee">7</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Message Format</span> <span>147</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#message-structure"><span style="color:#0000ee">7.1 Message Structure</span> <span>147</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#operations"><span style="color:#0000ee">7.2 Operations</span> <span>147</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#authentication-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">8</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Authentication</span> <span>150</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#message-encoding"><span style="color:#0000ee">9</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Message Encoding</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#ttlv-encoding"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1 TTLV Encoding</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#ttlv-encoding-fields"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.1 TTLV Encoding Fields</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#item-tag"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.1.1 Item Tag</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#item-type"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.1.2 Item Type</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#item-length"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.1.3 Item Length</span> <span>152</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#item-value"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.1.4 Item Value</span> <span>152</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#examples"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.2 Examples</span> <span>153</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#defined-values"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3 Defined Values</span> <span>154</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#tags"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.1 Tags</span> <span>154</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#enumerations"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2 Enumerations</span> <span>162</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#credential-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.1 Credential Type Enumeration</span> <span>162</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.2 Key Compression Type Enumeration</span> <span>163</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.3 Key Format Type Enumeration</span> <span>163</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#wrapping-method-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.4 Wrapping Method Enumeration</span> <span>164</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.5 Recommended Curve Enumeration</span> <span>164</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#certificate-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.6 Certificate Type Enumeration</span> <span>166</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.7 Digital Signature Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>167</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#split-key-method-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.8 Split Key Method Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#secret-data-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.9 Secret Data Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#opaque-data-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.10 Opaque Data Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#name-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.11 Name Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#object-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.12 Object Type Enumeration</span> <span>169</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.13 Cryptographic Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>170</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#block-cipher-mode-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.14 Block Cipher Mode Enumeration</span> <span>171</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#padding-method-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.15 Padding Method Enumeration</span> <span>172</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.16 Hashing Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>172</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#key-role-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.17 Key Role Type Enumeration</span> <span>173</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#state-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.18 State Enumeration</span> <span>174</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#revocation-reason-code-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.19 Revocation Reason Code Enumeration</span> <span>174</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#link-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.20 Link Type Enumeration</span> <span>174</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#derivation-method-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.21 Derivation Method Enumeration</span> <span>175</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.22 Certificate Request Type Enumeration</span> <span>175</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.23 Validity Indicator Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#query-function-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.24 Query Function Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#cancellation-result-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.25 Cancellation Result Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#put-function-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.26 Put Function Enumeration</span> <span>177</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#operation-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.27 Operation Enumeration</span> <span>178</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#result-status-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.28 Result Status Enumeration</span> <span>179</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#result-reason-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.29 Result Reason Enumeration</span> <span>180</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.30 Batch Error Continuation Option Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#usage-limits-unit-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.31 Usage Limits Unit Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#encoding-option-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.32 Encoding Option Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#object-group-member-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.33 Object Group Member Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#alternative-name-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.34 Alternative Name Type Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#key-value-location-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.35 Key Value Location Type Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.36 Attestation Type Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#rng-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.37 RNG Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#drbg-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.38 DRBG Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>183</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#fips186-variation-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.39 FIPS186 Variation Enumeration</span> <span>183</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#validation-authority-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.40 Validation Authority Type Enumeration</span> <span>183</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#validation-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.41 Validation Type Enumeration</span> <span>184</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#profile-name-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.42 Profile Name Enumeration</span> <span>184</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#unwrap-mode-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.43 Unwrap Mode Enumeration</span> <span>188</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#destroy-action-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.44 Destroy Action Enumeration</span> <span>190</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#shredding-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.45 Shredding Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>190</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#rng-mode-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.46 RNG Mode Enumeration</span> <span>190</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#client-registration-method-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.47 Client Registration Method Enumeration</span> <span>190</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#key-wrap-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.48 Key Wrap Type Enumeration</span> <span>190</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#mask-generator-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.2.49 Mask Generator Enumeration</span> <span>191</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#bit-masks"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.3 Bit Masks</span> <span>191</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.3.1 Cryptographic Usage Mask</span> <span>191</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#storage-status-mask"><span style="color:#0000ee">9.1.3.3.2 Storage Status Mask</span> <span>192</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#transport"><span style="color:#0000ee">10</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Transport</span> <span>193</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#error-handling"><span style="color:#0000ee">11</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">Error Handling</span> <span>194</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#general"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.1 General</span> <span>194</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.2 Create</span> <span>196</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create-key-pair-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.3 Create Key Pair</span> <span>197</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#register-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.4 Register</span> <span>198</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-key-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.5 Re-key</span> <span>199</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-key-key-pair-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.6 Re-key Key Pair</span> <span>200</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#derive-key-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.7 Derive Key</span> <span>201</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certify-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.8 Certify</span> <span>202</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-certify-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.9 Re-certify</span> <span>202</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#locate-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.10 Locate</span> <span>203</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#check-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.11 Check</span> <span>203</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.12 Get</span> <span>204</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-attributes-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.13 Get Attributes</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-attribute-list-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.14 Get Attribute List</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#add-attribute-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.15 Add Attribute</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#modify-attribute-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.16 Modify Attribute</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#delete-attribute-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.17 Delete Attribute</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#obtain-lease-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.18 Obtain Lease</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-usage-allocation-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.19 Get Usage Allocation</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#activate-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.20 Activate</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#revoke-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.21 Revoke</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#destroy-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.22 Destroy</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#archive-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.23 Archive</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#recover-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.24 Recover</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#validate-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.25 Validate</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#query-2"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.26 Query</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#discover-versions-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.27 Discover Versions</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cancel-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.28 Cancel</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#poll-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.29 Poll</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#encrypt-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.30 Encrypt</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#decrypt-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.31 Decrypt</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#sign-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.32 Sign</span> <span>210</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#signature-verify-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.33 Signature Verify</span> <span>210</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#mac-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.34 MAC</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#mac-verify-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.35 MAC Verify</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#rng-retrieve-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.36 RNG Retrieve</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#rng-seed-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.37 RNG Seed</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#hash-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.38 HASH</span> <span>212</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create-split-key-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.39 Create Split Key</span> <span>212</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#join-split-key-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.40 Join Split Key</span> <span>213</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#export-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.41 Export</span> <span>214</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#import-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.42 Import</span> <span>215</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#batch-items"><span style="color:#0000ee">11.43 Batch Items</span> <span>215</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#kmip-server-and-client-implementation-conformance"><span style="color:#0000ee">12</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000ee">KMIP Server and Client Implementation Conformance</span> <span>217</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#kmip-server-implementation-conformance"><span style="color:#0000ee">12.1 KMIP Server Implementation Conformance</span> <span>217</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#kmip-client-implementation-conformance"><span style="color:#0000ee">12.2 KMIP Client Implementation Conformance</span> <span>217</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#acknowledgments"><span style="color:#0000ee">Appendix A. Acknowledgments</span> <span>218</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#attribute-cross-reference"><span style="color:#0000ee">Appendix B. Attribute Cross-Reference</span> <span>219</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#tag-cross-reference"><span style="color:#0000ee">Appendix C. Tag Cross-Reference</span> <span>221</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#operations-and-object-cross-reference"><span style="color:#0000ee">Appendix D. Operations and Object Cross-Reference</span> <span>227</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#acronyms"><span style="color:#0000ee">Appendix E. Acronyms</span> <span>229</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#list-of-figures-and-tables"><span style="color:#0000ee">Appendix F. List of Figures and Tables</span> <span>233</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#revision-history"><span style="color:#0000ee">Appendix G. Revision History</span> <span>242</span></a></p>
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<h1 id="introduction" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Introduction</h1>
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<p>This document is intended as a specification of the protocol used for the communication between clients and servers to perform certain management operations on objects stored and maintained by a key management system. These objects are referred to as Managed Objects in this specification. They include symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic keys, digital certificates, and templates used to simplify the creation of objects and control their use. Managed Objects are managed with operations that include the ability to generate cryptographic keys, register objects with the key management system, obtain objects from the system, destroy objects from the system, and search for objects maintained by the system. Managed Objects also have associated attributes, which are named values stored by the key management system and are obtained from the system via operations. Certain attributes are added, modified, or deleted by operations.</p>
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<p>The protocol specified in this document includes several certificate-related functions for which there are a number of existing protocols – namely Validate (e.g., SCVP or XKMS), Certify (e.g., CMP <a href="#RFC4210"><strong>[RFC4210]</strong></a>, CMC <a href="#RFC5272"><strong>[RFC5272]</strong></a><a href="#RFC6402"><strong>[RFC6402]</strong></a>, SCEP) and Re-certify (e.g., CMP <a href="#RFC4210"><strong>[RFC4210]</strong></a>, CMC <a href="#RFC5272"><strong>[RFC5272]</strong></a><a href="#RFC6402"><strong>[RFC6402]</strong></a>, SCEP). The protocol does not attempt to define a comprehensive certificate management protocol, such as would be needed for a certification authority. However, it does include functions that are needed to allow a key server to provide a proxy for certificate management functions.</p>
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<p>In addition to the normative definitions for managed objects, operations and attributes, this specification also includes normative definitions for the following aspects of the protocol:</p>
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<p>• The expected behavior of the server and client as a result of operations,</p>
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<p>• Message contents and formats,</p>
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<p>• Message encoding (including enumerations), and</p>
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<p>• Error handling.</p>
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<p>This specification is complemented by several other documents. The KMIP Usage Guide<a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a> provides illustrative information on using the protocol. The KMIP Profiles Specification <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a> provides a selected set of base level conformance profiles and authentication suites; additional KMIP Profiles define specific sets of KMIP functionality for conformance purposes. The KMIP Test Specification <a href="#KMIP_TC"><strong>[KMIP-TC]</strong></a> provides samples of protocol messages corresponding to a set of defined test cases.</p>
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<p>This specification defines the KMIP protocol version major 1 and minor 2 (see 6.1).</p>
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<h2 id="ipr-policy" style="margin-top:12pt">IPR Policy</h2>
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<p>This OASIS Standard is provided under the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr#RF-on-RAND-Mode"><span style="color:#0000ee">RF on RAND Terms</span></a> Mode of the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr"><span style="color:#0000ee">OASIS IPR Policy</span></a>, the mode chosen when the Technical Committee was established.</p>
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<p>For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property Rights section of the TC’s web page (<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php"><span style="color:#0000ee">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php</span></a>).</p>
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<h2 id="terminology" style="margin-top:12pt">Terminology</h2>
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<p>The key words “MUST”, “MUST NOT”, “REQUIRED”, “SHALL”, “SHALL NOT”, “SHOULD”, “SHOULD NOT”, “RECOMMENDED”, “MAY”, and “OPTIONAL” in this document are to be interpreted as described in [<a href="#RFC2119"><span style="color:#0000ee">RFC2119</span></a>].</p>
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<p>For acronyms used in this document, see <a href="#acronyms">Appendix E</a>. For definitions not found in this document, see <a href="#SP800_57_1"><strong>[SP800-57-1]</strong></a>.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="width:450pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.5pt"><colgroup><col style="width:24.2567%"/><col style="width:72%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Term</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Definition</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Archive</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">To place information not accessed frequently into long-term storage.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Asymmetric key pair</p><p>(key pair)</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A public key and its corresponding private key; a key pair is used with a public key algorithm.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authentication</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A process that establishes the origin of information, or determines an entity’s identity.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authentication code</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A cryptographic checksum based on a security function.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authorization</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Access privileges that are granted to an entity; conveying an “official” sanction to perform a security function or activity.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate length</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The length (in bytes) of an X.509 public key certificate.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certification authority</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The entity in a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) that is responsible for issuing certificates, and exacting compliance to a PKI policy.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Ciphertext</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data in its encrypted form.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Compromise</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The unauthorized disclosure, modification, substitution or use of sensitive data (e.g., keying material and other security-related information).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Confidentiality</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The property that sensitive information is not disclosed to unauthorized entities.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic algorithm</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A well-defined computational procedure that takes variable inputs, including a cryptographic key and produces an output.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic key<br/>(key)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>A parameter used in conjunction with a cryptographic algorithm that determines its operation in such a way that an entity with knowledge of the key can reproduce or reverse the operation, while an entity without knowledge of the key cannot. Examples include:</p><p>1. The transformation of plaintext data into ciphertext data,</p><p>2. The transformation of ciphertext data into plaintext data,</p><p>3. The computation of a digital signature from data,</p><p>4. The verification of a digital signature,</p><p>5. The computation of an authentication code from data, and</p><p>6. The verification of an authentication code from data and a received authentication code.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Decryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The process of changing ciphertext into plaintext using a cryptographic algorithm and key.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digest (or hash)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The result of applying a hashing algorithm to information.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digital signature<br/>(signature)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>The result of a cryptographic transformation of data that, when properly implemented with supporting infrastructure and policy, provides the services of:</p><p>1. origin authentication</p><p>2. data integrity, and</p><p>3. signer non-repudiation.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digital Signature Algorithm</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A cryptographic algorithm used for digital signature.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The process of changing plaintext into ciphertext using a cryptographic algorithm and key.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Hashing algorithm (or hash algorithm, hash function)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>An algorithm that maps a bit string of arbitrary length to a fixed length bit string. Approved hashing algorithms satisfy the following properties:</p><p>1. (One-way) It is computationally infeasible to find any input that</p><p>maps to any pre-specified output, and</p><p>2. (Collision resistant) It is computationally infeasible to find any two distinct inputs that map to the same output.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Integrity</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The property that sensitive data has not been modified or deleted in an unauthorized and undetected manner.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key derivation<br/>(derivation)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>A function in the lifecycle of keying material; the process by which one or more keys are derived from:</p><p>1) Either a shared secret from a key agreement computation or a pre-shared cryptographic key, and</p><p>2) Other information.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key management</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The activities involving the handling of cryptographic keys and other related security parameters (e.g., IVs and passwords) during the entire life cycle of the keys, including their generation, storage, establishment, entry and output, and destruction.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key wrapping<br/>(wrapping)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A method of encrypting and/or MACing/signing keys.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message Authentication Code (MAC)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A cryptographic checksum on data that uses a symmetric key to detect both accidental and intentional modifications of data.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PGP Key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A RFC 4880-compliant container of cryptographic keys and associated metadata. Usually text-based (in PGP-parlance, ASCII-armored).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Private key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>A cryptographic key used with a public key cryptographic algorithm that is uniquely associated with an entity and is not made public. The private key is associated with a public key. Depending on the algorithm, the private key MAY be used to:</p><p>1. Compute the corresponding public key,</p><p>2. Compute a digital signature that can be verified by the corresponding public key,</p><p>3. Decrypt data that was encrypted by the corresponding public key, or</p><p>4. Compute a piece of common shared data, together with other information.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Profile</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A specification of objects, attributes, operations, message elements and authentication methods to be used in specific contexts of key management server and client interactions (see <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>A cryptographic key used with a public key cryptographic algorithm that is uniquely associated with an entity and that MAY be made public. The public key is associated with a private key. The public key MAY be known by anyone and, depending on the algorithm, MAY be used to:</p><p>1. Verify a digital signature that is signed by the corresponding private key,</p><p>2. Encrypt data that can be decrypted by the corresponding private key, or</p><p>3. Compute a piece of shared data.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public key certificate<br/>(certificate)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A set of data that uniquely identifies an entity, contains the entity&#039;s public key and possibly other information, and is digitally signed by a trusted party, thereby binding the public key to the entity.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public key cryptographic algorithm</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A cryptographic algorithm that uses two related keys, a public key and a private key. The two keys have the property that determining the private key from the public key is computationally infeasible.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public Key Infrastructure</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A framework that is established to issue, maintain and revoke public key certificates.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Recover</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">To retrieve information that was archived to long-term storage.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A process by which a cryptographic key is split into <em>n</em> multiple key components, individually providing no knowledge of the original key, which can be subsequently combined to recreate the original cryptographic key. If knowledge of <em>k</em> (where <em>k</em> is less than or equal to <em>n</em>) components is necessary to construct the original key, then knowledge of any <em>k</em>-1 key components provides no information about the original key other than, possibly, its length.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Symmetric key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A single cryptographic key that is used with a secret (symmetric) key algorithm.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Symmetric key algorithm</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A cryptographic algorithm that uses the same secret (symmetric) key for an operation and its inverse (e.g., encryption and decryption).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">X.509 certificate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The ISO/ITU-T X.509 standard defined two types of certificates – the X.509 public key certificate, and the X.509 attribute certificate. Most commonly (including this document), an X.509 certificate refers to the X.509 public key certificate.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">X.509 public key certificate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The public key for a user (or device) and a name for the user (or device), together with some other information, rendered un-forgeable by the digital signature of the certification authority that issued the certificate, encoded in the format defined in the ISO/ITU-T X.509 standard.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932703" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128619" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307478" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 1: Terminology</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="normative-references" style="margin-top:12pt">Normative References</h2>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="ECC_Brainpool" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[CHACHA]</strong> D. J. Bernstein. ChaCha, a variant of Salsa20.<a href="https://cr.yp.to/chacha/chacha-20080128.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">https://cr.yp.to/chacha/chacha-20080128.pdf</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[ECC-Brainpool]</strong><em>ECC Brainpool Standard Curves and Curve Generation v. 1.0.19.10.2005</em>, <a href="http://www.ecc-brainpool.org/download/Domain-parameters.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ecc-brainpool.org/download/Domain-parameters.pdf</span></a><strong>.</strong></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="27" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="FIPS180_4"></span><strong>[FIPS180-4]</strong><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="27"></span><em>Secure Hash Standard (SHS)</em>, FIPS PUB 186-4, March 2012,<span style="color:#0000ee">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips18-4/fips-180-4.pdf.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="FIPS186_4" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong><em>Digital Signature Standard (DSS)</em>, FIPS PUB 186-4, July 2013,<a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.186-4.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.186-4.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="FIPS197" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[FIPS197]</strong><em>Advanced Encryption Standard</em>, FIPS PUB 197, November 2001,<a href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="FIPS198_1" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[FIPS198-1]</strong><em>The Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC)</em>, FIPS PUB 198-1, July 2008, <a href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips198-1/FIPS-198-1_final.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips198-1/FIPS-198-1_final.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="IEEE1003_1" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[FIPS202]</strong> SHA-3 Standard: Permutation-Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions, August 2015.<a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.202.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.202.pdf</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[IEEE1003-1]</strong>IEEE Std 1003.1, <em>Standard for information technology - portable operating system interface (POSIX). Shell and utilities</em>, 2004.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[ISO16609]</strong> ISO, <em>Banking -- Requirements for message authentication using symmetric techniques</em>, ISO 16609, 2012.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[ISO9797-1]</strong> ISO/IEC, <em>Information technology -- Security techniques -- Message Authentication Codes (MACs) -- Part 1: Mechanisms using a block cipher</em>, ISO/IEC 9797-1, 2011.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="_Toc241997046" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="33" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc242537236"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="33"></span><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Profiles Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Robert Lockhart. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html</span></a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="PKCS1" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong>RSA Laboratories, <em>PKCS #1 v2.1: RSA Cryptography Standard</em>, June 14, 2002, <a href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-rsa-cryptography-standard.htm"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-rsa-cryptography-standard.htm</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="PKCS5" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[PKCS#5]</strong>RSALaboratories, <em>PKCS #5 v2.1: Password-Based Cryptography Standard</em>, October 5, 2006, <a href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-5-password-based-cryptography-standard.htm"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-5-password-based-cryptography-standard.htm</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[PKCS#8]</strong> RSA Laboratories, <em>PKCS#8 v1.2: Private-Key Information Syntax Standard</em>, November 1, 1993, <a href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-8-private-key-information-syntax-stand.htm"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-8-private-key-information-syntax-stand.htm</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[PKCS#10]</strong> RSA Laboratories, <em>PKCS #10 v1.7: Certification Request Syntax Standard</em>, May 26, 2000, <a href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs10-certification-request-syntax-standard.htm"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs10-certification-request-syntax-standard.htm</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="37" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="RFC1319"></span><strong>[POLY1305]</strong> Daniel J. Bernstein. The Poly1305-AES Message-Authentication Code. In Henri Gilbert and Helena Handschuh, editors, Fast Software Encryption: 12th International Workshop, FSE 2005, Paris, France, February 21-23, 2005, Revised Selected Papers, volume 3557 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 32–49. Springer, 2005.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[RFC1319]</strong><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="37"></span>B. Kaliski, <em>The MD2 Message-Digest Algorithm</em>, IETF RFC 1319, Apr 1992,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1319.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1319.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC1320" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC1320]</strong>R. Rivest, <em>The MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm</em>, IETF RFC 1320, April 1992, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1320.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1320.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC1321" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC1321]</strong>R. Rivest, <em>The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm</em>, IETF RFC 1321, April 1992,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC1421" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC1421]</strong>J. Linn, <em>Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail:</em><em>Part I: Message Encryption and Authentication Procedures</em>, IETF RFC 1421, February 1993,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1421.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1421.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[RFC1424]</strong> B.Kaliski, <em>Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail: Part IV: Key Certification and Related Services</em>, IETF RFC 1424, Feb 1993, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1424.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1424.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC2104" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC2104]</strong>H. Krawczyk, M. Bellare, R. Canetti, <em>HMAC: Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication</em>, IETF RFC 2104, February 1997,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2104.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2104.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[</strong><span id="RFC2119" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>RFC2119</strong><strong>]</strong> Bradner, S., “Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels”, BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</span></a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC2898" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC2898]</strong>B. Kaliski, <em>PKCS #5: Password-Based Cryptography Specification Version 2.0</em>, IETF RFC 2898, September 2000,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2898.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2898.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC2986" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC2986]</strong> M. Nystrom and B. Kaliski, <em>PKCS #10: Certification Request Syntax Specification Version 1.7</em>, IETF RFC2986, November 2000, <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2986.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2986.txt</span></a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC3447" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC3447]</strong>J. Jonsson, B. Kaliski, <em>Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.1</em>, IETF RFC 3447, Feb 2003,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3447.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3447.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC3629" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC3629]</strong>F. Yergeau, <em>UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646</em>, IETF RFC 3629, November 2003,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC3686" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC3686]</strong>R. Housley, <em>Using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Counter Mode with IPsec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), IETF RFC 3686,</em> January 2004, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3686.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3686.txt</span></a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC4210" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC4210]</strong>C. Adams, S. Farrell, T. Kause and T. Mononen, <em>Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Management Protocol (CMP)</em>, IETF RFC 4210, September 2005, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4210.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4210.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC4211" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC4211]</strong>J. Schaad<em>, Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Request Message Format (CRMF),</em> IETF RFC 4211, September 2005,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4211.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4211.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC4880" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC4880]</strong>J. Callas, L. Donnerhacke, H. Finney, D. Shaw, and R. Thayer, <em>OpenPGP Message Format</em>, IETF RFC 4880, November 2007, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4880.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4880.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[RFC4949]</strong> R. Shirey, <em>Internet Security Glossary, Version 2</em>, IETF RFC 4949, August 2007, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4949.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4949.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[RFC5958]</strong><span style="color:#0000ee"> S. Turner, <em>Asymmetric Key Packages</em>, IETF RFC5958, August 2010, </span><a href="https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5958.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5958.txt</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC5272" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC5272]</strong>J. Schaad and M. Meyers, <em>Certificate Management over CMS (CMC)</em>, IETF RFC 5272, June 2008, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5272.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5272.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC5280" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC5280]</strong>D. Cooper, S. Santesson, S. Farrell, S. Boeyen, R. Housley, W. Polk<em>, Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate</em>, IETF RFC 5280, May 2008,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC5639" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC5639]</strong>M. Lochter, J. Merkle, <em>Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Brainpool Standard Curves and Curve Generation</em>, IETF RFC 5639, March 2010,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5639.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5639.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="RFC6402" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[RFC6402]</strong> J. Schaad, <em>Certificate Management over CMS (CMC) Updates</em>, IETF RFC6402, November 2011, <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6402.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6402.txt</span></a>.<span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="55" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="RFC6818"></span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[RFC6818]</strong><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="55"></span> P. Yee, <em>Updates to the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile</em>, IETF RFC6818, January 2013, <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6818.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6818.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="SEC2" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[SEC2]</strong>SEC 2: Recommended Elliptic Curve Domain Parameters,<a href="http://www.secg.org/SEC2-Ver-1.0.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.secg.org/SEC2-Ver-1.0.pdf</span></a><strong>.</strong></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="SP800_38A" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong>M. Dworkin, <em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation – Methods and Techniques</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38A, December 2001,<a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38a.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38a.pdf</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="SP800_38B" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[SP800-38B]</strong>M. Dworkin, <em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: The CMAC Mode for Authentication</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38B, May 2005, updated June 2016, <a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38b.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38b.pdf</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="SP800_38C" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[SP800-38C]</strong>M. Dworkin, <em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: the CCM Mode for Authentication and Confidentiality</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38C, May 2004, updated July 2007 <a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38c.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38c.pdf</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="SP800_38D" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong>M. Dworkin, <em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) and GMAC</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38D, Nov 2007, <a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38d.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38d.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="SP800_38E" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[SP800-38E]</strong>M. Dworkin, <em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: The XTS-AES Mode for Confidentiality on Block-Oriented Storage Devices</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38E, January 2010, <a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38e.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38e.pdf</span></a><strong>.</strong></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="SP800_56A" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong>E. Barker, L. Chen, A. Roginsky and M. Smid, <em>Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 2, May 2013,<a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar2.pdfhttp:/nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar2.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar2.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="SP800_57_1" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[SP800-57-1]</strong>E. Barker, W. Barker, W. Burr, W. Polk, and M. Smid, <em>Recommendations for Key Management - Part 1: General (Revision 3),</em> NIST Special Publication 800-57 Part 1 Revision 3, July 2012, <a href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-57/sp800-57_part1_rev3_general.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-57/sp800-57_part1_rev3_general.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="SP800_108" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[SP800-108]</strong>L. Chen, <em>Recommendation for Key Derivation Using Pseudorandom Functions (Revised)</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-108, Oct 2009, <a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-108.pdf"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-108.pdf</span></a><strong>.</strong></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[X.509]</strong> International Telecommunication Union (ITU)–T, X.509: Information technology – Open systems interconnection – The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks, November 2008, <a href="http://www.itu.int/rec/recommendation.asp?lang=en&amp;parent=T-REC-X.509-200811-1"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.itu.int/rec/recommendation.asp?lang=en&amp;parent=T-REC-X.509-200811-1</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[X9.24-1]</strong> ANSI, <em>X9.24 - Retail Financial Services Symmetric Key Management - Part 1: Using Symmetric Techniques</em>, 2009.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[X9.31]</strong> ANSI, <em>X9.31: Digital Signatures Using Reversible Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry (rDSA)</em>, September 1998.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="X9_42" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[X9.42]</strong>ANSI, <em>X9.42: Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry: Agreement of Symmetric Keys Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography</em>, 2003.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="X9_62" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[X9.62]</strong>ANSI, <em>X9.62: Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry, The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)</em>, 2005.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="X9_63" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[X9.63]</strong>ANSI, <em>X9.63: Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry, Key Agreement and Key Transport Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, 2011.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[X9.102]</strong> ANSI, <em>X9.102: Symmetric Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry - Wrapping of Keys and Associated Data</em>, 2008.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="TR31" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[X9 TR-31]</strong>ANSI, <em>X9 TR-31: Interoperable Secure Key Exchange Key Block Specification for Symmetric Algorithms</em>, 2010.</p>
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<h2 id="non-normative-references" style="margin-top:12pt">Non-Normative References</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="ISOIEC_99452" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[ISO/IEC 9945-2]</strong>The Open Group, <em>Regular Expressions, The Single UNIX Specification version 2</em>, 1997,ISO/IEC 9945-2:1993, <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/xbd/re.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/xbd/re.html</span></a><span style="color:#0000ee">.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="KMIP_UG" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Usage Guide Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Judith Furlong. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html</span></a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="KMIP_TC" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[KMIP-TC]</strong><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Test Cases Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Mark Joseph. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html</span></a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[RFC6151]</strong> S. Turner and L. Chen, <em>Updated Security Considerations for the MD5 Message-Digest and the HMAC-MD5 Algorithms</em>, IETF RFC6151, March 2011, <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6151.txt"><span style="color:#0000ee">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6151.txt</span></a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><span id="w1979" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><strong>[w1979]</strong>A. Shamir, <em>How to share a secret</em>, Communications of the ACM, vol. 22, no. 11, pp. 612-613, November 1979.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[RFC7292]</strong> K. Moriarty, M. Nystrom, S. Parkinson, A. Rusch, M. Scott. <em>PKCS #12: Personal Information Exchange Syntax v1.1, July 2014,</em> <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7292"><span style="color:#0000ee">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7292</span></a></p>
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<h1 id="objects" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Objects</h1>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following subsections describe the objects that are passed between the clients and servers of the key management system. Some of these object types, called <em>Base Objects</em>, are used only in the protocol itself, and are not considered Managed Objects. Key management systems MAY choose to support a subset of the Managed Objects. The object descriptions refer to the primitive data types of which they are composed. These primitive data types are (see Section <a href="#item-value">9.1.1.4</a>):</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Integer</li><li>Long Integer</li><li>Big Integer</li></ul>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Enumeration – choices from a predefined list of values</li><li>Boolean</li><li>Text String – string of characters representing human-readable text</li><li>Byte String – sequence of unencoded byte values</li><li>Date-Time – date and time, with a granularity of one second</li><li>Interval – a length of time expressed in seconds</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Structures are composed of ordered lists of primitive data types or sub-structures.</p>
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<h2 id="base-objects" style="margin-top:12pt">Base Objects</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="91" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc287332011"></span>These objects are used within the messages of the protocol, but are not objects managed by the key management system. They are components of Managed Objects.</p>
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<h3 id="attribute" style="margin-top:12pt">Attribute</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An Attribute object is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236460264">Table 2</a>) used for sending and receiving Managed Object attributes. The <em>Attribute Name</em> is a text-string that is used to identify the attribute. The <em>Attribute Index</em> is an index number assigned by the key management server. The Attribute Index is used to identify the particular instance. Attribute Indices SHALL start with 0. The Attribute Index of an attribute SHALL NOT change when other instances are added or deleted. Single-instance Attributes (attributes which an object MAY only have at most one instance thereof) SHALL have an Attribute Index of 0. The <em>Attribute Value</em> is either a primitive data type or structured object, depending on the attribute.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When an Attribute structure is used to specify or return a particular instance of an Attribute and the Attribute Index is not specified it SHALL be assumed to be 0.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Index</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Varies, depending on attribute. See Section </span><a href="#attributes"><span style="font-size:10pt">3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, except for the Notify operation (see Section </span><a href="#notify"><span style="font-size:10pt">5.1</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc374" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref236460264" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497684" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932704" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128620" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307479" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 2: Attribute Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="credential" style="margin-top:12pt">Credential </h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Credential</em> is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236460416">Table 3</a>) used for client identification purposes and is not managed by the key management system (e.g., user id/password pairs, Kerberos tokens, etc.). It MAY be used for authentication purposes as indicated in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#credential-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Varies based on Credential Type.</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc415" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref236460416" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref306814310" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497685" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932705" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128621" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307480" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 3: Credential Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p>If the Credential Type in the Credential is <em>Username and Password</em>, then Credential Value is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref256437959">Table 4</a>. The Username field identifies the client, and the Password field is a secret that authenticates the client.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Username</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref256437959" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932706" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128622" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307481" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 4: Credential Value Structure for the Username and Password Credential</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p>If the Credential Type in the Credential is <em>Device</em>, then Credential Value is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref297819925">Table 5</a>. One or a combination of the <em>Device Serial Number</em>, <em>Network Identifier</em>, <em>Machine Identifier</em>, and <em>Media Identifier</em> SHALL be unique. Server implementations MAY enforce policies on uniqueness for individual fields. A shared secret or password MAY also be used to authenticate the client. The client SHALL provide at least one field.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Network Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Machine Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Media Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref297819925" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932707" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128623" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307482" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 5: Credential Value Structure for the Device Credential</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p>If the Credential Type in the Credential is <em>Attestation</em>, then Credential Value is a structure as shown in Table 6. The <em>Nonce Value</em> is obtained from the key management server in a Nonce Object. The Attestation Credential Object can contain a measurement from the client or an assertion from a third party if the server is not capable or willing to verify the attestation data from the client. Neither type of attestation data (<em>Attestation Measurement</em> or <em>Attestation Assertion</em>) is necessary to allow the server to accept either. However, the client SHALL provide attestation data in either the <em>Attestation Measurement</em> or <em>Attestation Assertion</em> fields.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#nonce"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Measurement</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Assertion</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128624" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307483" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 6: Credential Value Structure for the Attestation Credential</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="key-block" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Block</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Key Block</em> object is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236460584">Table 7</a>) used to encapsulate all of the information that is closely associated with a cryptographic key. It contains a Key Value of one of the following <em>Key Format Types</em>:</p>
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<ul><li><em>Raw</em> – This is a key that contains only cryptographic key material, encoded as a string of bytes.</li><li><em>Opaque</em> – This is an encoded key for which the encoding is unknown to the key management system. It is encoded as a string of bytes.</li><li><em>PKCS1</em> – This is an encoded private key, expressed as a DER-encoded ASN.1 PKCS#1 object.</li><li><em>PKCS8</em> – This is an encoded private key, expressed as a DER-encoded ASN.1 PKCS#8 object, supporting both the RSAPrivateKey syntax and EncryptedPrivateKey.</li><li><em>X</em>.509 – This is an encoded object, expressed as a DER-encoded ASN.1 X.509 object.</li><li>ECPrivateKey – This is an ASN.1 encoded elliptic curve private key.</li><li>Several <em>Transparent Key</em> types – These are algorithm-specific structures containing defined values for the various key types, as defined in Section <a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a>.</li><li><em>Extensions</em> – These are vendor-specific extensions to allow for proprietary or legacy key formats.</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Key Block MAY contain the Key Compression Type, which indicates the format of the elliptic curve public key. By default, the public key is uncompressed.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Key Block also has the Cryptographic Algorithm and the Cryptographic Length of the key contained in the Key Value field. Some example values are:</p>
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<ul><li>RSA keys are typically 1024, 2048 or 3072 bits in length.</li><li>3DES keys are typically from 112 to 192 bits (depending upon key length and the presence of parity bits).</li><li>AES keys are 128, 192 or 256 bits in length.</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Key Block SHALL contain a Key Wrapping Data structure if the key in the Key Value field is wrapped (i.e., encrypted, or MACed/signed, or both).</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Compression Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String: for wrapped Key Value; Structure: for plaintext Key Value, see </span><a href="#key-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes. MAY be omitted only if this information is available from the Key Value. Does not apply to Secret Data (see Section </span><a href="#secret-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">) or Opaque Objects (see Section </span><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.8</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">). If present, the Cryptographic Length SHALL also be present.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes. MAY be omitted only if this information is available from the Key Value. Does not apply to Secret Data (see Section </span><a href="#secret-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">) or Opaque Objects (see Section </span><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.8</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">). If present, the Cryptographic Algorithm SHALL also be present.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. SHALL only be present if the key is wrapped.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc494" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref236460584" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497686" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932708" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128625" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307484" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 7: Key Block Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="key-value" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Value</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Key Value</em> is used only inside a Key Block and is either a Byte String or a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236464567">Table 8</a>):</p>
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<ul><li>The Key Value structure contains the key material, either as a byte string or as a Transparent Key structure (see Section <a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a>), and OPTIONAL attribute information that is associated and encapsulated with the key material. This attribute information differs from the attributes associated with Managed Objects, and is obtained via the Get Attributes operation, only by the fact that it is encapsulated with (and possibly wrapped with) the key material itself.</li><li>The Key Value Byte String is either the wrapped TTLV-encoded (see Section <a href="#ttlv-encoding">9.1</a>) Key Value structure, or the wrapped un-encoded value of the Byte String Key Material field.</li></ul>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String: for Raw, Opaque, PKCS1, PKCS8, ECPrivateKey, or Extension Key Format types;</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure: for Transparent, or Extension Key Format Types</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Object, see Section </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. MAY be repeated</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc538" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref236464567" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497687" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932709" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128626" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307485" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 8: Key Value Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="key-wrapping-data" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Wrapping Data</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Key Block MAY also supply OPTIONAL information about a cryptographic key wrapping mechanism used to wrap the Key Value. This consists of a <span style="color:#000000"><em>Key Wrapping Data</em></span> structure (see <a href="#_Ref236464724">Table 9</a>). It is only used inside a Key Block.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This structure contains fields for:</p>
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<ul><li>A <em>Wrapping Method</em>, which indicates the method used to wrap the Key Value<em>.</em></li><li><em>Encryption Key Information,</em> which contains the Unique Identifier (see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a>) value of the encryption key and associated cryptographic parameters.</li><li><em>MAC/Signature Key Information,</em> which contains the Unique Identifier value of the MAC/signature key and associated cryptographic parameters.</li><li>A <em>MAC/Signature,</em> which contains a MAC or signature of the Key Value<em>.</em></li><li>An <em>IV/Counter/Nonce,</em> if REQUIRED by the wrapping method.</li><li>An <em>Encoding Option</em>, specifying the encoding of the Key Material within the Key Value structure of the Key Block that has been wrapped. If No Encoding is specified, then the Key Value structure SHALL NOT contain any attributes.</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If wrapping is used, then the whole Key Value structure is wrapped unless otherwise specified by the Wrapping Method. The algorithms used for wrapping are given by the Cryptographic Algorithm attributes of the encryption key and/or MAC/signature key; the block-cipher mode, padding method, and hashing algorithm used for wrapping are given by the Cryptographic Parameters in the Encryption Key Information and/or MAC/Signature Key Information, or, if not present, from the Cryptographic Parameters attribute of the respective key(s). Either the Encryption Key Information or the MAC/Signature Key Information (or both) in the Key Wrapping Data structure SHALL be specified.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following wrapping methods are currently defined:</p>
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<ul><li><em>Encrypt</em> only (i.e., encryption using a symmetric key or public key, or authenticated encryption algorithms that use a single key).</li><li><em>MAC/sign</em> only (i.e., either MACing the Key Value with a symmetric key, or signing the Key Value with a private key).</li><li><em>Encrypt then MAC/sign.</em></li><li><em>MAC/sign then encrypt.</em></li><li><em>TR-31.</em></li><li><em>Extensions.</em></li></ul>
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<p style="margin-left:18pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following encoding options are currently defined:</p>
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<ul><li><em>No Encoding</em> (i.e., the wrapped un-encoded value of the Byte String Key Material field in the Key Value structure).</li><li><em>TTLV Encoding</em> (i.e., the wrapped TTLV-encoded Key Value structure).</li></ul>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrapping Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#wrapping-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see below</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. Corresponds to the key that was used to encrypt the Key Value.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see below</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. </span><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Corresponds to the symmetric key used to MAC the Key Value or the private key used to sign the Key Value</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV/Counter/Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#encoding-option-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.32</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. Specifies the encoding of the Key Value Byte String. If not present, the wrapped Key Value structure SHALL be TTLV encoded.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236464724" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497688" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932710" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128627" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307486" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 9: Key Wrapping Data Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The structures of theEncryption Key Information (see <a href="#_Ref236465227">Table 10</a>) and the MAC/Signature Key Information (see <a href="#_Ref236465243">Table 11</a>) are as follows:</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text string, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236465227" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497689" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932711" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128628" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307487" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 10: Encryption Key Information Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text string, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"> It SHALL be either the Unique Identifier of the Symmetric Key used to MAC, or of the Private Key (or its corresponding Public Key) used to sign.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc699" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref236465243" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497690" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932712" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128629" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307488" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_transparent%20key%20structures" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 11: MAC/Signature Key Information Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="key-wrapping-specification" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Wrapping Specification</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is a separate structure (see <a href="#_Ref236465334">Table 12</a>) that is defined for operations that provide the option to return wrapped keys. The <span style="color:#000000"><em>Key Wrapping Specification</em></span> SHALL be included inside the operation request if clients request the server to return a wrapped key. If Cryptographic Parameters are specified in the Encryption Key Information and/or<span style="color:#000000"><em> </em></span>the<span style="color:#000000"><em> </em></span>MAC/Signature Key Information of the Key Wrapping Specification, then the server SHALL verify that they match one of the instances of the Cryptographic Parameters attribute of the corresponding key. If Cryptographic Parameters are omitted, then the server SHALL use the Cryptographic Parameters attribute with the lowest Attribute Index of the corresponding key. If the corresponding key does not have any Cryptographic Parameters attribute, or if no match is found, then an error is returned.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This structure contains:</p>
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<ul><li>A Wrapping Method that indicates the method used to wrap the Key Value<em>.</em></li><li>Encryption Key Information with the Unique Identifier value of the encryption key and associated cryptographic parameters.</li><li>MAC/Signature Key Information with the Unique Identifier value of the MAC/signature key and associated cryptographic parameters.</li><li>Zero or more Attribute Names to indicate the attributes to be wrapped with the key material.</li><li>An Encoding Option, specifying the encoding of the Key Value before wrapping. If No Encoding is specified, then the Key Value SHALL NOT contain any attributes</li></ul>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Specification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrapping Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#wrapping-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, SHALL be present if MAC/Signature Key Information is omitted</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No, SHALL be present if Encryption Key Information is omitted</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#encoding-option-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.32</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. If Encoding Option is not present, the wrapped Key Value SHALL be TTLV encoded.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236465334" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497691" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932713" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128630" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307489" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 12: Key Wrapping Specification Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="transparent-key-structures" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent Key Structures</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><em>Transparent Key</em> structures describe the necessary parameters to obtain the key material. They are used in the Key Value structure. The mapping to the parameters specified in other standards is shown in <a href="#_Ref256500738">Table 13</a>.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="width:464.4pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.5pt"><colgroup><col style="width:21.1991%"/><col style="width:46.2527%"/><col style="width:31.9914%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Object</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Description</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Mapping</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">P</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>For DSA and DH, the (large) prime field order.</p><p>For RSA, a prime factor of the modulus.</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>p in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a>, <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></p><p>p in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Q</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>For DSA and DH, the (small) prime multiplicative subgroup order.</p><p>For RSA, a prime factor of the modulus.</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>q in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a>, <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></p><p>q in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">G</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The generator of the subgroup of order Q.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">g in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a>, <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">X</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DSA or DH private key.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>x in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p><p>x, x<sub>u,</sub> x<sub>v</sub> in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for static private keys</p><p>r, r<sub>u,</sub> r<sub>v</sub> in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for ephemeral private keys</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DSA or DH public key.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>y in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p><p>y, y<sub>u,</sub> y<sub>v</sub> in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for static public keys</p><p>t, t<sub>u,</sub> t<sub>v</sub> in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for ephemeral public keys</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">J</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DH cofactor integer, where P = JQ + 1.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">j in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Modulus</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA modulus PQ, where P and Q are distinct primes.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">n in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Private Exponent</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA private exponent.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">d in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public Exponent</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA public exponent.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">e in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Prime Exponent P</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA private exponent for the prime factor P in the CRT format, i.e., Private Exponent (mod (P-1)).</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">dP in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Prime Exponent Q</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA private exponent for the prime factor Q in the CRT format, i.e., Private Exponent (mod (Q-1)).</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">dQ in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CRT Coefficient</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The (first) CRT coefficient, i.e., Q<sup>-1</sup> mod P.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">qInv in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Recommended Curve</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">NIST Recommended Curves (e.g., P-192).</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">See Appendix D of <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">D</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Elliptic curve private key.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">d; d<sub>e,U</sub>,d<sub>e,V</sub> (ephemeral private keys); d<sub>s,U</sub>,d<sub>s,V</sub> (static private keys) in <a href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Q String</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Elliptic curve public key.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Q; Q<sub>e,U</sub>,Q<sub>e,V</sub> (ephemeral public keys); Q<sub>s,U</sub>,Q<sub>s,V</sub> (static public keys) in <a href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref256500738" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932714" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128631" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307490" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 13: Parameter mapping.</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h4 id="transparent-symmetric-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent Symmetric Key</h4>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent Symmetric Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref236465422">Table 14</a>.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.4561%"/><col style="width:26.167%"/><col style="width:26.3169%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2471" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2444" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2471" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2444" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2471" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2444" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc797" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref236465422" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497692" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932715" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128632" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307491" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 14: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent Symmetric Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-dsa-private-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent DSA Private Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DSA Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144564">Table 15</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2848%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.349%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc855" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref239144564" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497693" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932716" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128633" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307492" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 15: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DSA Private Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-dsa-public-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent DSA Public Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DSA Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144580">Table 16</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc913" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref239144580" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497694" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932717" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128634" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307493" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 16: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DSA Public Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-rsa-private-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent RSA Private Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent RSA Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144599">Table 17</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modulus</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CRT Coefficient</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref239144599" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497695" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932718" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128635" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307494" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 17: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent RSA Private Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">One of the following SHALL be present (refer to <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Private Exponent<span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="318" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="DDE_LINK4"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="318"></span>,</li><li>P and Q (the first two prime factors of Modulus), or</li><li>Prime Exponent P and Prime Exponent Q.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-rsa-public-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent RSA Public Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent RSA Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144614">Table 18</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modulus</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1053" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref239144614" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497696" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932719" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128636" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307495" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 18: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent RSA Public Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-dh-private-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent DH Private Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DH Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144630">Table 19</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">J</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">X</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref239144630" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497697" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932720" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128637" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307496" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 19: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DH Private Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-dh-public-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent DH Public Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DH Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144645">Table 20</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">J</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref239144645" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497698" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932721" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128638" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307497" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 20: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DH Public Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-ecdsa-private-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent ECDSA Private Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECDSA Private Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Private Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDSA Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144657">Table 21</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1229" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref239144657" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497699" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932722" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128639" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307498" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 21: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDSA Private Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-ecdsa-public-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent ECDSA Public Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECDSA Public Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Public Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDSA Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144670">Table 22</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref239144670" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497700" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932723" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128640" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307499" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 22: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDSA Public Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-ecdh-private-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent ECDH Private Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECDH Private Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Private Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDH Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144681">Table 23</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1309" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref239144681" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497701" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932724" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128641" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307500" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 23: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDH Private Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-ecdh-public-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent ECDH Public Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECDH Public Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Public Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDH Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144693">Table 24</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1350" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref239144693" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497702" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932725" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128642" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307501" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 24: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDH Public Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-ecmqv-private-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent ECMQV Private Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECMQV Private Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Private Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECMQV Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref241596456">Table 25</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref241596456" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932726" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128643" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307502" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 25: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECMQV Private Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="transparent-ecmqv-public-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent ECMQV Public Key</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECMQV Public Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Public Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECMQV Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref241596478">Table 26</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref241596478" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932727" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128644" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307503" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 26: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECMQV Public Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h4 id="transparent-ec-private-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent EC Private Key</h4>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent EC Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref387945532">Table 27</a>.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref387945532" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc387945234" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128645" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307504" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 27: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent EC Private Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h4 id="transparent-ec-public-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Transparent EC Public Key</h4>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent EC Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref387945531">Table 28</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.2955%"/><col style="width:26.3062%"/><col style="width:26.3383%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref387945531" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc387945235" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128646" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307505" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 28: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent EC Public Keys</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="template-attribute-structures" style="margin-top:12pt">Template-Attribute Structures</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a <em>Name</em> within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">These structures are used in various operations to provide the desired attribute values and/or template names in the request and to return the actual attribute values in the response.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph {"align":"justify"} -->
<p class="has-text-align-justify" style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <span style="color:#000000"><em>Template-Attribute</em></span>, <em>Common Template-Attribute</em>, <em>Private Key Template-Attribute,</em> and <em>Public Key Template-Attribute</em> structures are defined identically as follows:</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.0321%"/><col style="width:26.9058%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute,</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Template-Attribute, Private Key Template-Attribute,</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated. (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Object, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497703" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932728" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128647" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307506" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="DDE_LINK5" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 29: Template-Attribute Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Name is the Name attribute of the Template object defined in Section <a href="#template"><em>2.2.6</em></a>.<span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="482"></span></p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-information" style="margin-top:12pt">Extension Information</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An <em>Extension Information</em> object is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref297814968">Table 30</a>) describing Objects with Item Tag values in the Extensions range. The Extension Name is a Text String that is used to name the Object (first column of <a href="#_Ref297913892">Table 288</a>). The Extension Tag is the Item Tag Value of the Object (see <a href="#_Ref297913892">Table 288</a>). The Extension Type is the Item Type Value of the Object (see <a href="#_Ref297913935">Table 286</a>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.0321%"/><col style="width:26.9058%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Tag</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref297814968" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932729" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128648" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307507" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 30: Extension Information Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="data" style="margin-top:12pt">Data</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Data</em> object is used in requests and responses in cryptographic operations that pass data between the client and the server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128649" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307508" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 31: Data Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="data-length" style="margin-top:12pt">Data Length</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <em>Data Length</em> is used in requests in cryptographic operations to indicate the amount of data expected in a response.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data Length</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Integer</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128650" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307509" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 32: Data Length Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="signature-data" style="margin-top:12pt">Signature Data</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Signature Data</em> is used in requests and responses in cryptographic operations that pass signature data between the client and the server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Signature Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128651" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307510" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 33: Signature Data Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="mac-data" style="margin-top:12pt">MAC Data</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>MAC Data</em> is used in requests and responses in cryptographic operations that pass MAC data between the client and the server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MAC Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128652" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307511" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 34: MAC Data Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="nonce" style="margin-top:12pt">Nonce</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A <em>Nonce</em> object is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref238285444">Table 35</a>) used by the server to send a random value to the client. The Nonce Identifier is assigned by the server and used to identify the Nonce object. The Nonce Value consists of the random data created by the server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref238285444" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128653" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307512" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 35: Nonce Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="correlation-value" style="margin-top:12pt">Correlation Value</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Correlation Value</em> is used in requests and responses in cryptographic operations that support multi-part (streaming) operations. This is generated by the server and returned in the first response to an operation that is being performed across multiple requests. Note: the server decides which operations are supported for multi-part usage. A server-generated correlation value SHALL be specified in any subsequent cryptographic operations that pertain to the original operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc389765905" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128654" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307513" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 36: Correlation Value Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="init-indicator" style="margin-top:12pt">Init Indicator</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Init Indicator</em> is used in requests in cryptographic operations that support multi-part (streaming) operations. This is provided in the first request with a value of True to an operation that is being performed across multiple requests.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Boolean</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc389765906" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128655" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307514" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 37: Init Indicator Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="final-indicator" style="margin-top:12pt">Final Indicator</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Final Indicator</em> is used in requests in cryptographic operations that support multi-part (streaming) operations. This is provided in the final (last) request with a value of True to an operation that is being performed across multiple requests.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Boolean</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc389765907" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128656" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307515" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 38: Final Indicator Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="rng-parameters" style="margin-top:12pt">RNG Parameters</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>RNG Parameters</em> base object is a structure that contains a mandatory RNG Algorithm and a set of OPTIONAL fields that describe a Random Number Generator. Specific fields pertain only to certain types of RNGs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The RNG Algorithm SHALL be specified and if the algorithm implemented is unknown or the implementation does not want to provide the specific details of the RNG Algorithm then the Unspecified enumeration SHALL be used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the cryptographic building blocks used within the RNG are known they MAY be specified in combination of the remaining fields within the RNG Parameters structure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#rng-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.37</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.13</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.16</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DRBG Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#drbg-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">FIPS186 Variation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#fips186-variation-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.39</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prediction Resistance</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128657" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307516" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 39: RNG Parameters Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="profile-information" style="margin-top:12pt">Profile Information</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <em>Profile Information</em> base object is a structure that contains details of the supported profiles. Specific fields MAY pertain only to certain types of profiles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#profile-name-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.42</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Port</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128658" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307517" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 40: Profile Information Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="validation-information" style="margin-top:12pt">Validation Information</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <em>Validation Information</em> base object is a structure that contains details of a formal validation. Specific fields MAY pertain only to certain types of validations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#validation-authority-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.40</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority Country</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Version Major</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Version Minor</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#_Ref409722790"><span style="font-size:10pt">0</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Level</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Certificate URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Vendor URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Profile</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String (MAY be repeated)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128659" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307518" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 41: Validation Information Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Validation Authority along with the Validation Version Major, Validation Type and Validation Level SHALL be provided to uniquely identify a validation for a given validation authority. If the Validation Certificate URI is not provided the server SHOULD include a Validation Vendor URI from which information related to the validation is available.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Validation Authority Country is the two letter ISO country code.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="capability-information" style="margin-top:12pt">Capability Information</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <em>Capability Information</em> base object is a structure that contains details of the supported capabilities.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Capability Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Streaming Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Undo Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Continue Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unwrap Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#unwrap-mode-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.43</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Action</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#destroy-action-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.44</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Shredding Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#shredding-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.45</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#rng-mode-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.46</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128660" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307519" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 42: Capability Information Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="authenticated-encryption-additional-data" style="margin-top:12pt">Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</h3>
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<p>The Authenticated Encryption Additional Data object is used in authenticated encryption and decryption operations that require the optional additional data to be provided by the client.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128661" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 43 Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="authenticated-encryption-tag" style="margin-top:12pt">Authenticated Encryption Tag</h3>
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<p>The Authenticated Encryption Tag object is used to validate the integrity of the data encrypted and decrypted in Authenticated Encryption modes. It is an output from the encryption process and an input to the decryption process. See <a href="#SP800_38D"><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong></a>.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authenticated Encryption Tag</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128662" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 44 Authenticated Encryption Tag</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="managed-objects" style="margin-top:12pt">Managed Objects</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Managed Objects are objects that are the subjects of key management operations, which are described in Sections <a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a> and <a href="#server-to-client-operations">5</a>. <em>Managed Cryptographic Objects</em> are the subset of Managed Objects that contain cryptographic material (e.g., certificates, keys, and secret data).</p>
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<h3 id="certificate" style="margin-top:12pt">Certificate</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a digital certificate. It is a DER-encoded X.509 public key certificate. The PGP certificate type is deprecated as of version 1.2 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The PGP Key object (see section <a href="#pgp-key">2.2.9</a>) SHOULD be used instead.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#certificate-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1437" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497704" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932730" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128663" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307520" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 45: Certificate Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="symmetric-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Symmetric Key</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a symmetric key.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1469" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497705" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932731" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128664" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307521" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 46: Symmetric Key Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="public-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Public Key</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is the public portion of an asymmetric key pair. This is only a public key, not a certificate.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1501" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497706" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932732" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128665" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307522" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 47: Public Key Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="private-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Private Key</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is the private portion of an asymmetric key pair.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1533" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497707" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932733" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128666" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307523" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 48: Private Key Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="split-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Split Key</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a <em>Split Key</em>. A split key is a secret, usually a symmetric key or a private key that has been split into a number of parts, each of which MAY then be distributed to several key holders, for additional security. The <em>Split Key Parts</em> field indicates the total number of parts, and the <em>Split Key Threshold</em> field indicates the minimum number of parts needed to reconstruct the entire key. The <em>Key Part Identifier</em> indicates which key part is contained in the cryptographic object, and SHALL be at least 1 and SHALL be less than or equal to Split Key Parts.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Parts</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Part Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Threshold</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#split-key-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Field Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, REQUIRED only if Split Key Method is Polynomial Sharing Prime Field.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497708" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932734" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128667" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307524" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 49: Split Key Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">There are three <em>Split Key Methods</em> for secret sharing: the first one is based on XOR, and the other two are based on polynomial secret sharing, according to <a href="#w1979"><strong>[w1979]</strong></a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Let <span style="color:#000000"><em>L</em></span> be the minimum number of bits needed to represent all values of the secret.</p>
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<ul><li>When the Split Key Method is XOR, then the Key Material in the Key Value of the Key Block is of length <span style="color:#000000"><em>L</em></span> bits. The number of split keys is Split Key Parts (identical to Split Key Threshold), and the secret is reconstructed by XORing all of the parts.</li><li>When the Split Key Method is Polynomial Sharing Prime Field, then secret sharing is performed in the field GF(<em>Prime Field Size</em>), represented as integers, where Prime Field Size is a prime bigger than 2<sup><em>L</em></sup>.</li><li>When the Split Key Method is Polynomial Sharing GF(2<sup>16</sup>), then secret sharing is performed in the field GF(2<sup>16</sup>). The Key Material in the Key Value of the Key Block is a bit string of length <span style="color:#000000"><em>L</em></span>, and when <span style="color:#000000"><em>L</em></span> is bigger than 2<sup>16</sup>, then secret sharing is applied piecewise in pieces of 16 bits each. The Key Material in the Key Value of the Key Block is the concatenation of the corresponding shares of all pieces of the secret.</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Secret sharing is performed in the field GF(2<sup>16</sup>), which is represented as an algebraic extension of GF(2<sup>8</sup>):</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">GF(2<sup>16</sup>) ≈ GF(2<sup>8</sup>) [<em>y</em>]/(<em>y<sup>2</sup>+y+m</em>), where <em>m</em> is defined later.</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An element of this field then consists of a linear combination <em>uy + v</em>, where <em>u</em> and <em>v</em> are elements of the smaller field GF(2<sup>8</sup>).</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The representation of field elements and the notation in this section rely on <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>, Sections 3 and 4. The field GF(2<sup>8</sup>) is as described in <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>,</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">GF(2<sup>8</sup>) ≈ GF(2) [<em>x</em>]/(<em>x<sup>8</sup>+x<sup>4</sup>+x<sup>3</sup>+x+</em>1).</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An element of GF(2<sup>8</sup>) is represented as a byte. Addition and subtraction in GF(2<sup>8</sup>) is performed as a bit-wise XOR of the bytes. Multiplication and inversion are more complex (see <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a> Section 4.1 and 4.2 for details).</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An element of GF(2<sup>16</sup>) is represented as a pair of bytes (<em>u, v</em>). The element <em>m</em> is given by</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><em>m</em> = <em>x<sup>5</sup>+x<sup>4</sup>+x<sup>3</sup>+x,</em></p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">which is represented by the byte 0x3A (or {3A} in notation according to <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>).</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Addition and subtraction in GF(2<sup>16</sup>) both correspond to simply XORing the bytes. The product of two elements <em>ry + s</em> and <em>uy + v</em> is given by</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">(<em>ry</em> + <em>s</em>) (<em>uy</em> + <em>v</em>) = ((<em>r</em> + <em>s</em>)(<em>u</em> + <em>v</em>) + <em>sv</em>)<em>y</em> + (<em>ru</em> + <em>svm</em>).</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The inverse of an element <em>uy</em> + <em>v</em> is given by</p>
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<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">(<em>uy</em> + <em>v</em>)<sup>-1</sup> = <em>ud</em><sup>-1</sup><em>y</em> + (<em>u</em> + <em>v</em>)<em>d</em><sup>-1</sup>, where <em>d</em> = (<em>u</em> + <em>v</em>)<em>v</em> + <em>mu<sup>2</sup>.</em></p>
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<h3 id="template" style="margin-top:12pt">Template</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a <em>Template</em>.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Template</em> is a named Managed Object containing the client-settable attributes of a Managed Cryptographic Object. A Template is used to specify the attributes of a new Managed Cryptographic Object invarious operations. Attributes associated with a Managed Object MAY also be specified in the Template-Attribute structures in the operations in Section <a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Attributes specified in a Template apply to any object created that reference the Template by name using the Name object in any of the Template-Attribute structures in Section <a href="#transparent-ec-private-key">2.1.7.14</a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The name of a Template (as it is for any Managed Object) is specified as an Attribute in the Template-Attribute structure in the Register operation where the Attribute Name is &quot;Name&quot; and the Attribute Value is the name of the Template Managed Object.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5118%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.394%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2652" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2652" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Object, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2652" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes. MAY be repeated.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1668" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_obj_PolicyTemplate" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc233710816" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc233710817" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc233710818" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc233710823" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_toc1711" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497709" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932735" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128668" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307525" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_secret%20data" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 50: Template Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="secret-data" style="margin-top:12pt">Secret Data</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object containing a shared secret value that is not a key or certificate (e.g., a password). The Key Block of the <em>Secret Data</em> object contains a Key Value of the Secret Data Type. The Key Value MAY be wrapped.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#secret-data-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1752" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497710" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932736" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128669" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307526" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 51: Secret Data Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="opaque-object" style="margin-top:12pt">Opaque Object</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Object that the key management server is possibly not able to interpret. The context information for this object MAY be stored and retrieved using Custom Attributes.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#opaque-data-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.10</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1793" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497711" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932737" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128670" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307527" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 52: Opaque Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="pgp-key" style="margin-top:12pt">PGP Key</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a text-based representation of a PGP key. The Key Block field, indicated below, will contain the ASCII-armored export of a PGP key in the format as specified in RFC 4880. It MAY contain only a public key block, or both a public and private key block. Two different versions of PGP keys, version 3 and version 4, MAY be stored in this Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
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<p>KMIP implementers SHOULD treat the Key Block field as an opaque blob. PGP-aware KMIP clients SHOULD take on the responsibility of decomposing the Key Block into other Managed Cryptographic Objects (Public Keys, Private Keys, etc.).</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5225%"/><col style="width:28.5439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP Key Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128671" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307528" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 53: PGP Key Object Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h1 id="attributes" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Attributes</h1>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following subsections describe the attributes that are associated with Managed Objects. Attributes that an object MAY have multiple instances of are referred to as <em>multi-instance attributes</em>. All instances of an attribute SHOULD have a different value. Similarly, attributes which an object SHALL only have at most one instance of are referred to as <em>single-instance attributes</em>. Attributes are able to be obtained by a client from the server using the Get Attribute operation. Some attributes are able to be set by the Add Attribute operation or updated by the Modify Attribute operation, and some are able to be deleted by the Delete Attribute operation if they no longer apply to the Managed Object. <em>Read-only attributes</em> are attributes that SHALL NOT be modified by either server or client, and that SHALL NOT be deleted by a client.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When attributes are returned by the server (e.g., via a Get Attributes operation), the attribute value returned MAY differ for different clients (e.g., the Cryptographic Usage Mask value MAY be different for different clients, depending on the policy of the server).</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The first table in each subsection contains the attribute name in the first row. This name is the canonical name used when managing attributes using the Get Attributes, Get Attribute List, Add Attribute, Modify Attribute, and Delete Attribute operations.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A server SHALL NOT delete attributes without receiving a request from a client until the object is destroyed. After an object is destroyed, the server MAY retain all, some or none of the object attributes, depending on the object type and server policy.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The second table in each subsection lists certain attribute characteristics (e.g., “SHALL always have a value”): <a href="#_Ref242790362">Table 54</a> below explains the meaning of each characteristic that MAY appear in those tables. The server policy MAY further restrict these attribute characteristics.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Managed Objects that are of the Object Types for which this attribute applies, SHALL always have this attribute set once the object has been created or registered, up until the object has been destroyed.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Who is permitted to initially set the value of the attribute (if the attribute has never been set, or if all the attribute values have been deleted)?</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Is the server allowed to change an existing value of the attribute without receiving a request from a client?</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Is the client able to change an existing value of the attribute value once it has been set?</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Is the client able to delete an instance of the attribute?</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Are multiple instances of the attribute permitted?</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Which operations MAY cause this attribute to be set even if the attribute is not specified in the operation request itself?</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Which Managed Objects MAY have this attribute set?</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref242790362" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932738" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128672" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307529" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 54: Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="unique-identifier" style="margin-top:12pt">Unique Identifier</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Unique Identifier</em> is generated by the key management system to uniquely identify a Managed Object. It is only REQUIRED to be unique within the identifier space managed by a single key management system, however this identifier SHOULD be globally unique in order to allow for a key management domain export of such objects. This attribute SHALL be assigned by the key management system at creation or registration time, and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497712" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932739" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128673" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307530" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 55: Unique Identifier Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1872" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497713" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932740" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128674" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307531" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_name%20attribute" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 56: Unique Identifier Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="name" style="margin-top:12pt">Name</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Name</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236467588">Table 57</a>) used to identify and locate an object. This attribute is assigned by the client, and the <em>Name Value</em> is intended to be in a form that humans are able to interpret. The key management system MAY specify rules by which the client creates valid names. Clients are informed of such rules by a mechanism that is not specified by this standard. Names SHALL be unique within a given key management domain, but are NOT REQUIRED to be globally unique.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#name-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236467588" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497714" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932741" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128675" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307532" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 57: Name Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc1964" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497715" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932742" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128676" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307533" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 58: Name Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="object-type" style="margin-top:12pt">Object Type</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Object Type</em> of a Managed Object (e.g., public key, private key, symmetric key, etc.) SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#object-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.12</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497716" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932743" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128677" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307534" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 59: Object Type Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc2038" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497717" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932744" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128678" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307535" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 60: Object Type Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="cryptographic-algorithm" style="margin-top:12pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Cryptographic Algorithm</em> of an object. The Cryptographic Algorithm of a Certificate object identifies the algorithm for the public key contained within the Certificate. The digital signature algorithm used to sign the Certificate is identified in the Digital Signature Algorithm attribute defined in Section <a href="#digital-signature-algorithm">3.16</a>. This attribute SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.13</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497718" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932745" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128679" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307536" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 61: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certify, Create, Create Key Pair, Re-certify, Register, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Keys, Certificates, Templates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc2112" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497719" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932746" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128680" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307537" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 62: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="cryptographic-length" style="margin-top:12pt">Cryptographic Length</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For keys, <em>Cryptographic Length</em> is the length in bits of the clear-text cryptographic key material of the Managed Cryptographic Object. For certificates, <em>Cryptographic Length</em> is the length in bits of the public key contained within the Certificate. This attribute SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered, and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497720" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932747" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128681" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307538" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 63: Cryptographic Length Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certify, Create, Create Key Pair, Re-certify, Register, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Keys, Certificates, Templates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc2186" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497721" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932748" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128682" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307539" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 64: Cryptographic Length Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="cryptographic-parameters" style="margin-top:12pt">Cryptographic Parameters</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Cryptographic Parameters</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236468052">Table 65</a>) that contains a set of OPTIONAL fields that describe certain cryptographic parameters to be used when performing cryptographic operations using the object. Specific fields MAY pertain only to certain types of Managed Cryptographic Objects. The Cryptographic Parameters attribute of a Certificate object identifies the cryptographic parameters of the public key contained within the Certificate.</p>
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<p>The Cryptographic Algorithm is also used to specify the parameters for cryptographic operations. For operations involving digital signatures, either the Digital Signature Algorithm can be specified or the Cryptographic Algorithm and Hashing Algorithm combination can be specified.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Random IV can be used to request that the KMIP server generate an appropriate IV for a cryptographic operation that uses an IV. The generated Random IV is returned in the response to the cryptographic operation.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">IV Length is the length of the Initialization Vector in bits. This parameter SHALL be provided when the specified Block Cipher Mode supports variable IV lengths such as CTR or GCM.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Tag Length is the length of the authentication tag in bytes. This parameter SHALL be provided when the Block Cipher Mode is GCM or CCM.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The IV used with counter modes of operation (e.g., CTR and GCM) cannot repeat for a given cryptographic key. To prevent an IV/key reuse, the IV is often constructed of three parts: a fixed field, an invocation field, and a counter as described in <a href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a> and <a href="#SP800_38D"><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong></a>. The Fixed Field Length is the length of the fixed field portion of the IV in bits. The Invocation Field Length is the length of the invocation field portion of the IV in bits. The Counter Length is the length of the counter portion of the IV in bits.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Initial Counter Value is the starting counter value for CTR mode (for <a href="#RFC3686"><strong>[RFC3686]</strong></a> it is 1).</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Block Cipher Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#block-cipher-mode-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Padding Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#padding-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.15</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Role Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#key-role-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.17</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.7</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.13</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Random IV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No unless Block Cipher Mode supports variable IV lengths</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tag Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No unless Block Cipher Mode is GCM</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fixed Field Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Invocation Field Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Counter Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Counter Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Salt Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No (if omitted, defaults to the block size of the Mask Generator Hashing Algorithm)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Mask Generator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#mask-generator-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.49</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No (if omitted defaults to MGF1).</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Mask Generator Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. (if omitted defaults to SHA-1).</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P Source</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No (if omitted, defaults to an empty byte string for encoding input P in OAEP padding)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Trailer Field</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No (if omitted, defaults to the standard one-byte trailer in PSS padding)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236468052" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497722" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932749" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128683" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307540" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 65: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Keys, Certificates, Templates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497723" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932750" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128684" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307541" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 66: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Key Role Type definitions match those defined in ANSI X9 TR-31 <a href="#TR31"><strong>[X9 TR-31]</strong></a> and are defined in <a href="#_Ref239741961">Table 67</a>:</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="width:362.65pt; border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:14.0428%"/><col style="width:63.5294%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BDK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Base Derivation Key (ANSI X9.24 DUKPT key derivation)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CVK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Card Verification Key (CVV/signature strip number validation)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DEK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data Encryption Key (General Data Encryption)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Application Cryptograms</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKSMC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Confidentiality</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKSMI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Integrity</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKDAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Data Authentication Code</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKDN</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Dynamic Numbers</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKCP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Card Personalization</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKOTH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Other</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">KEK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Encryption or Wrapping Key</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC16609</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO16609 MAC Algorithm 1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97971</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97972</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 2</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97973</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 3 (Note this is commonly known as X9.19 Retail MAC)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97974</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 4</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97975</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 5</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ZPK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PIN Block Encryption Key</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKIBM</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PIN Verification Key, IBM 3624 Algorithm</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKPVV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PIN Verification Key, VISA PVV Algorithm</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKOTH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PIN Verification Key, Other Algorithm</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc2343" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref239741961" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497724" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932751" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128685" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307542" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 67: Key Role Types</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p>Accredited Standards Committee X9, Inc. - Financial Industry Standards (www.x9.org) contributed to <a href="#_Ref239741961">Table 67</a>. Key role names and descriptions are derived from material in the Accredited Standards Committee X9, Inc.&#039;s Technical Report &quot;TR-31 2010 Interoperable Secure Key Exchange Key Block Specification for Symmetric Algorithms&quot; and used with the permission of Accredited Standards Committee X9, Inc. in an effort to improve interoperability between X9 standards and OASIS KMIP. The complete ANSI X9 TR-31 is available at www.x9.org.</p>
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<h2 id="cryptographic-domain-parameters" style="margin-top:12pt">Cryptographic Domain Parameters</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Cryptographic Domain Parameters</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref241598376">Table 68</a>) that contains a set of OPTIONAL fields that MAY need to be specified in the Create Key Pair Request Payload. Specific fields MAY only pertain to certain types of Managed Cryptographic Objects.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The domain parameter Qlength correponds to the bit length of parameter Q (refer to <a href="#SEC2"><strong>[SEC2]</strong></a> and <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a>). Qlength applies to algorithms such as DSA and DH. The bit length of parameter P (refer to <a href="#SEC2"><strong>[SEC2]</strong></a> and <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a>) is specified separately by setting the Cryptographic Length attribute.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Recommended Curve is applicable to elliptic curve algorithms such as ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Required</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Domain Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Qlength</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref241598376" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236637738" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932752" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128686" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307543" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 68: Cryptographic Domain Parameters Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Shall always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Keys, Templates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236637739" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932753" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128687" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307544" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 69: Cryptographic Domain Parameters Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="certificate-type" style="margin-top:12pt">Certificate Type</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Type</em> attribute is a type of certificate (e.g., X.509). The PGP certificate type is deprecated as of version 1.2 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Type</em> value SHALL be set by the server when the certificate is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#certificate-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497725" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932754" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128688" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307545" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 70: Certificate Type Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc2417" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref310842699" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497726" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref310842693" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932755" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128689" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307546" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 71: Certificate Type Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="certificate-length" style="margin-top:12pt">Certificate Length</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Length</em> attribute is the length in bytes of the Certificate object. The <em>Certificate Length</em> SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered, and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932756" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128690" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307547" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 72: Certificate Length Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932757" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128691" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307548" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 73: Certificate Length Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="x.509-certificate-identifier" style="margin-top:12pt">X.509 Certificate Identifier</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>X.509</em> <em>Certificate Identifier</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref310842826">Table 74</a>) used to provide the identification of an X.509 public key certificate. The X.509 Certificate Identifier contains the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Issuer field of the X.509 certificate) and the Certificate Serial Number (i.e., from the Serial Number field of the X.509 certificate). The X.509 Certificate Identifier SHALL be set by the server when the X.509 certificate is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref310842826" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932758" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128692" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307549" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 74: X.509 Certificate Identifier Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932759" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128693" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307550" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 75: X.509 Certificate Identifier Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="x.509-certificate-subject" style="margin-top:12pt">X.509 Certificate Subject</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>X.509 Certificate Subject</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref310843445">Table 76</a>) used to identify the subject of a X.509 certificate. The X.509 Certificate Subject contains the Subject Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Subject field of the X.509 certificate). It MAY include one or more alternative names (e.g., email address, IP address, DNS name) for the subject of the X.509 certificate (i.e., from the Subject Alternative Name extension within the X.509 certificate). The X.509 Certificate Subject SHALL be set by the server based on the information it extracts from the X.509 certificate that is created (as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation) or registered (as part of a Register operation) and SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Subject Alternative Name extension is included in the X.509 certificate and is marked critical within the X.509 certificate itself, then an X.509 certificate MAY be issued with the subject field left blank. Therefore an empty string is an acceptable value for the Subject Distinguished Name.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, </span><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">but MAY be the empty string</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes, if the Subject Distinguished Name is an empty string. MAY be repeated</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref310843445" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932760" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128694" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307551" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 76: X.509 Certificate Subject Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932761" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128695" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307552" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 77: X.509 Certificate Subject Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="x.509-certificate-issuer" style="margin-top:12pt">X.509 Certificate Issuer</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>X.509 Certificate Issuer</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref310843446">Table 82</a>) used to identify the issuer of a X.509 certificate, containing the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Issuer field of the X.509 certificate). It MAY include one or more alternative names (e.g., email address, IP address, DNS name) for the issuer of the certificate (i.e., from the Issuer Alternative Name extension within the X.509 certificate). The server SHALL set these values based on the information it extracts from a X.509 certificate that is created as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation or is sent as part of a Register operation. These values SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932762" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128696" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307553" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 78: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932763" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128697" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307554" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 79: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="certificate-identifier" style="margin-top:12pt">Certificate Identifier</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This attribute is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of this specification. The X.509 Certificate Identifier attribute (see Section 3.10) SHOULD be used instead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Identifier</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236469466">Table 80</a>) used to provide the identification of a certificate. For X.509 certificates, it contains the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Issuer field of the certificate) and the Certificate Serial Number (i.e., from the Serial Number field of the certificate). For PGP certificates, the Issuer contains the OpenPGP Key ID of the key issuing the signature (the signature that represents the certificate). The Certificate Identifier SHALL be set by the server when the certificate is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes (for X.509 certificates) / No (for PGP certificates since they do not contain a serial number)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236469466" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497727" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932764" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128698" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307555" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 80: Certificate Identifier Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc2509" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497728" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932765" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128699" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307556" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 81: Certificate Identifier Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="certificate-subject" style="margin-top:12pt">Certificate Subject</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This attribute is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of this specification. The X.509 Certificate Subject attribute (see Section 3.11) SHOULD be used instead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Subject</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236469558">Table 82</a>) used to identify the subject of a certificate. For X.509 certificates, it contains the Subject Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Subject field of the certificate). It MAY include one or more alternative names (e.g., email address, IP address, DNS name) for the subject of the certificate (i.e., from the Subject Alternative Name extension within the certificate). For PGP certificates, the Certificate Subject Distinguished Name contains the content of the first User ID packet in the PGP certificate (that is, the first User ID packet after the Public-Key packet in the transferable public key that forms the PGP certificate). These values SHALL be set by the server based on the information it extracts from the certificate that is created (as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation) or registered (as part of a Register operation) and SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Subject Alternative Name extension is included in the certificate and is marked <em>CRITICAL</em> (i.e., within the certificate itself), then it is possible to issue an X.509 certificate where the subject field is left blank. Therefore an empty string is an acceptable value for the Certificate Subject Distinguished Name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes, but MAY be the empty string</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236469558" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref310843446" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497729" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932766" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128700" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307557" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 82: Certificate Subject Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc2602" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497730" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932767" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128701" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307558" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 83: Certificate Subject Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="certificate-issuer" style="margin-top:12pt">Certificate Issuer</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This attribute is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of this specification. The X.509 Certificate Issuer attribute (see Section 3.12) SHOULD be used instead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Issuer</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref241597701">Table 85</a>) used to identify the issuer of a certificate, containing the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Issuer field of the certificate). It MAY include one or more alternative names (e.g., email address, IP address, DNS name) for the issuer of the certificate (i.e., from the Issuer Alternative Name extension within the certificate). The server SHALL set these values based on the information it extracts from a certificate that is created as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation or is sent as part of a Register operation. These values SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932768" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128702" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307559" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 84: Certificate Issuer Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref241597701" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932769" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128703" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307560" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 85: Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="digital-signature-algorithm" style="margin-top:12pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Digital Signature Algorithm</em> attribute identifies the digital signature algorithm associated with a digitally signed object (e.g., Certificate). This attribute SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.7</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932770" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128704" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307561" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 86: Digital Signature Algorithm Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes for PGP keys. No for X.509 certificates.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certify, Re-certify, Register</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates, PGP keys</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932771" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128705" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307562" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 87: Digital Signature Algorithm Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="digest" style="margin-top:12pt">Digest</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Digest</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236496421">Table 88</a>) that contains the digest value of the key or secret data (i.e., digest of the Key Material), certificate (i.e., digest of the Certificate Value), or opaque object (i.e., digest of the Opaque Data Value). If the Key Material is a Byte String, then the Digest Value SHALL be calculated on this Byte String. If the Key Material is a structure, then the Digest Value SHALL be calculated on the TTLV-encoded (see Section <a href="#ttlv-encoding">9.1</a>) Key Material structure. The Key Format Type field in the Digest attribute indicates the format of the Managed Object from which the Digest Value was calculated. Multiple digests MAY be calculated using different algorithms listed in Section <a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.16</a> and/or key format types listed in Section <a href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a>. If this attribute exists, then it SHALL have a mandatory attribute instance computed with the SHA-256 hashing algorithm. For objects registered by a client, the server SHALL compute the digest of the mandatory attribute instance using the Key Format Type of the registered object. In all other cases, the server MAY use any Key Format Type when computing the digest of the mandatory attribute instance, provided it is able to serve the object to clients in that same format. The digest(s) are static and SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered, provided that the server has access to the Key Material or the Digest Value (possibly obtained via out-of-band mechanisms).</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if the server has access to the Digest Value or the Key Material (for keys and secret data), the Certificate Value (for certificates) or the Opaque Data Value (for opaque objects).</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if the Managed Object is a key or secret data object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236496421" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497731" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932772" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128706" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307563" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 88: Digest Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if the server has access to the Digest Value or the Key Material (for keys and secret data), the Certificate Value (for certificates) or the Opaque Data Value (for opaque objects).</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc2694" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497732" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932773" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128707" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307564" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 89: Digest Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="operation-policy-name" style="margin-top:12pt">Operation Policy Name</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Operation Policy Name</em> Attribute is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An operation policy controls what entities MAY perform which key management operations on the object. The content of the <em>Operation Policy Name</em> attribute is the name of a policy object known to the key management system and, therefore, is server dependent. The named policy objects are created and managed using mechanisms outside the scope of the protocol. The policies determine what entities MAY perform specified operations on the object, and which of the object’s attributes MAY be modified or deleted. The Operation Policy Name attribute SHOULD be set when operations that result in a new Managed Object on the server are executed. It is set either explicitly or via some default set by the server, which then applies the named policy to all subsequent operations on the object.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Policy Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497733" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932774" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128708" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307565" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 90: Operation Policy Name Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc2768" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497734" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932775" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128709" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307566" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 91: Operation Policy Name Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h3 id="operations-outside-of-operation-policy-control" style="margin-top:12pt">Operations outside of operation policy control</h3>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Some of the operations SHOULD be allowed for any client at any time, without respect to operation policy. These operations are:</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Create</li><li>Create Key Pair</li><li>Register</li><li>Certify</li><li>Re-certify</li><li>Validate</li><li>Query</li><li>Cancel</li><li>Poll</li></ul>
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<h3 id="default-operation-policy" style="margin-top:12pt">Default Operation Policy</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A key management system implementation MAY implement a named operation policy, which is used for objects when the <em>Operation Policy</em> attribute is not specified by the Client in operations that result in a new Managed Object on the server, or in a template specified in these operations. This policy is named <em>default</em>. It specifies the following rules for operations on objects created or registered with this policy, depending on the object type.</p>
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<h4 id="default-operation-policy-for-secret-objects" style="margin-top:12pt"><em> </em>Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</h4>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This policy applies to Symmetric Keys, Private Keys, Split Keys, Secret Data, and Opaque Objects.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Default Operation Policy for Template Objects is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Operation</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Policy</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derive Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Locate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Check</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Obtain Lease</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Usage Allocation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recover</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497735" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932776" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128710" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307567" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 92: Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h4 id="default-operation-policy-for-certificates-and-public-key-objects" style="margin-top:12pt">Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This policy applies to Certificates and Public Keys.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Default Operation Policy for Template Objects is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Operation</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Policy</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Locate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Check</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Obtain Lease</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recover</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3007" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497736" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932777" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128711" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307568" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 93: Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h4 id="default-operation-policy-for-template-objects" style="margin-top:12pt">Default Operation Policy for Template Objects</h4>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Default Operation Policy for Template Objects is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The operation policy specified as an attribute in the <em>Register</em> operation for a template object is the operation policy used for objects created using that template, and is not the policy used to control operations on the template itself. There is no mechanism to specify a policy used to control operations on template objects, so the default policy for template objects is always used for templates created by clients using the <em>Register</em> operation to create template objects.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Default Operation Policy for Private Template Objects</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Operation</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Policy</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Locate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Any operation referencing the Template using a Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497737" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932778" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128712" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307569" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 94: Default Operation Policy for Private Template Objects</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">In addition to private template objects (which are controlled by the above policy, and which MAY be created by clients or the server), publicly known and usable templates MAY be created and managed by the server, with a default policy different from private template objects.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Default Operation Policy for Public Template Objects</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Operation</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Policy</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Locate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Disallowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Disallowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Disallowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Disallowed to all</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Any operation referencing the Template using a Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3131" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497738" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932779" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128713" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307570" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 95: Default Operation Policy for Public Template Objects</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="cryptographic-usage-mask" style="margin-top:12pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Cryptographic Usage Mask</em> attribute defines the cryptographic usage of a key. This is a bit mask that indicates to the client which cryptographic functions MAY be performed using the key, and which ones SHALL NOT be performed.</p>
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<ul><li>Sign</li><li>Verify</li><li>Encrypt</li><li>Decrypt</li><li>Wrap Key</li><li>Unwrap Key</li><li>Export</li><li>MAC Generate</li><li>MAC Verify</li><li>Derive Key</li><li>Content Commitment</li><li>Key Agreement</li><li>Certificate Sign</li><li>CRL Sign</li><li>Generate Cryptogram</li><li>Validate Cryptogram</li><li>Translate Encrypt</li><li>Translate Decrypt</li><li>Translate Wrap</li><li>Translate Unwrap</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This list takes into consideration values that MAY appear in the Key Usage extension in an X.509 certificate. However, the list does not consider the additional usages that MAY appear in the Extended Key Usage extension.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">X.509 Key Usage values SHALL be mapped to Cryptographic Usage Mask values in the following manner:</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>X.509 Key Usage to Cryptographic Usage Mask Mapping</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>X.509 Key Usage Value</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Cryptographic Usage Mask Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">digitalSignature</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sign or Verify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">contentCommitment</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Content Commitment</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">(Non Repudiation)</span></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">keyEncipherment</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrap Key or Unwrap Key</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">dataEncipherment</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt or Decrypt</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">keyAgreement</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Agreement</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">keyCertSign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Sign</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">cRLSign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CRL Sign</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">encipherOnly</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">decipherOnly</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Decrypt</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497739" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932780" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128714" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307571" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 96: X.509 Key Usage to Cryptographic Usage Mask Mapping</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497740" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932781" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128715" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307572" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 97: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Templates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3290" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497741" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932782" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128716" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307573" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 98: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="lease-time" style="margin-top:12pt">Lease Time</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Lease Time</em> attribute defines a time interval for a Managed Cryptographic Object beyond which the client SHALL NOT use the object without obtaining another lease. This attribute always holds the initial length of time allowed for a lease, and not the actual remaining time. Once its lease expires, the client is only able to renew the lease by calling Obtain Lease. A server SHALL store in this attribute the maximum Lease Time it is able to serve and a client obtains the lease time (with Obtain Lease) that is less than or equal to the maximum Lease Time. This attribute is read-only for clients. It SHALL be modified by the server only.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Interval</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="DDE_LINK11" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="DDE_LINK2" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497742" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932783" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128717" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307574" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 99: Lease Time Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:27.7326%"/><col style="width:33.4439%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3364" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497743" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932784" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128718" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307575" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 100: Lease Time Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="usage-limits" style="margin-top:12pt">Usage Limits</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Usage Limits</em> attribute is a mechanism for limiting the usage of a Managed Cryptographic Object. It only applies to Managed Cryptographic Objects that are able to be used for applying cryptographic protection and it SHALL only reflect their usage for applying that protection (e.g., encryption, signing, etc.). This attribute does not necessarily exist for all Managed Cryptographic Objects, since some objects are able to be used without limit for cryptographically protecting data, depending on client/server policies. Usage for processing cryptographically protected data (e.g., decryption, verification, etc.) is not limited. The Usage Limits attribute has the three following fields:</p>
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<ul><li><em>Usage Limits Total</em> – the total number of Usage Limits Units allowed to be protected. This is the total value for the entire life of the object and SHALL NOT be changed once the object begins to be used for applying cryptographic protection.</li><li><em>Usage Limits Count</em> – the currently remaining number of Usage Limits Units allowed to be protected by the object.</li><li><em>Usage Limits Unit</em> – The type of quantity for which this structure specifies a usage limit (e.g., byte, object).</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When the attribute is initially set (usually during object creation or registration), the Usage Limits Count is set to the Usage Limits Total value allowed for the useful life of the object, and are decremented when the object is used. The server SHALL ignore the Usage Limits Count value if the attribute is specified in an operation that creates a new object. Changes made via the Modify Attribute operation reflect corrections to the Usage Limits Total value, but they SHALL NOT be changed once the Usage Limits Count value has changed by a Get Usage Allocation operation. The Usage Limits Count value SHALL NOT be set or modified by the client via the Add Attribute or Modify Attribute operations.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.469%"/><col style="width:28.469%"/><col style="width:28.5974%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2671" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2671" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Total</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Long Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2671" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Long Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2671" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Unit</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#usage-limits-unit-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2671" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497744" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932785" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128719" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307576" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 101: Usage Limits Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:27.7326%"/><col style="width:58.0107%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server (Total, Count, and Unit) or Client (Total and/or Unit only)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes (Total and/or Unit only, as long as Get Usage Allocation has not been performed)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, as long as Get Usage Allocation has not been performed</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Get Usage Allocation</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Keys, Templates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3480" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497745" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932786" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128720" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307577" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_state" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 102: Usage Limits Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="state" style="margin-top:12pt">State</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><span class="docx-textbox" data-docx-textbox-source="vml-pict" data-docx-vml-shape-id="Text Box 5" data-docx-vml-shape-type="#_x0000_t202" data-docx-vml-shape-style="position:absolute;margin-left:252pt;margin-top:60.3pt;width:3in;height:18pt;z-index:251659264;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-width-percent:0;mso-height-percent:0;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text;mso-width-percent:0;mso-height-percent:0;mso-width-relative:page;mso-height-relative:page;v-text-anchor:top" data-docx-vml-shape-spid="_x0000_s1026"><span id="_Toc374104146" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1482" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc409729185"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1483" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc411623341"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1484" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc442284000"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1485" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Ref477422706"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1486" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Ref477422733"></span>Figure <span class="docx-field" data-docx-field-instruction="SEQ Figure \* ARABIC">1</span>: Cryptographic Object States and Transitions<span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1482"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1483"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1484"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1485"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1486"></span></span>This attribute is an indication of the <em>State</em> of an object as known to the key management server. The State SHALL NOT be changed by using the Modify Attribute operation on this attribute. The State SHALL only be changed by the server as a part of other operations or other server processes. An object SHALL be in one of the following states at any given time. (Note: These states correspond to those described in <a href="#SP800_57_1"><strong>[SP800-57-1]</strong></a>).</p>
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<ul><li><em>Pre-Active</em>: The object exists and SHALL NOT be used for any cryptographic purpose.</li><li><img src="media/media/image2.png" alt="Description: figure1" data-pandoc-width="2.5659722222222223in" data-pandoc-height="3.1618055555555555in" style="width:2.5659722222222223in; height:3.1618055555555555in" data-docx-image-relationship-id="rId99" data-docx-image-name="Picture 3" data-docx-image-id="2" data-pandoc-media-source="media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="17199" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c6a48eb009abb344fac71be1b5910abf1c4b1171" data-pandoc-media-source-path="media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="8d1f24298c9b2da3b2f0a48efeaa97bdfd2895b0" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><em>Active</em>: The object SHALL be transitioned to the <em>Active</em> state prior to being used for any cryptographic purpose. The object SHALL only be used for all cryptographic purposes that are allowed by its Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute. If a Process Start Date (see <a href="#process-start-date">3.25</a>) attribute is set, then the object SHALL NOT be used for cryptographic purposes prior to the Process Start Date. If a Protect Stop Date (see <a href="#protect-stop-date">3.26</a>) attribute is set, then the object SHALL NOT be used for cryptographic purposes after the Process Stop Date.</li><li><em>Deactivated</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for applying cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption, signing, wrapping, MACing, deriving) . The object SHALL only be used for cryptographic purposes permitted by the Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute. The object SHOULD only be used to process cryptographically-protected information (e.g., decryption, signature verification, unwrapping, MAC verification under extraordinary circumstances and when special permission is granted.</li><li><em>Compromised</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for applying cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption, signing, wrapping, MACing, deriving). The object SHOULD only be used to process cryptographically-protected information (e.g., decryption, signature verification, unwrapping, MAC verification in a client that is trusted to use managed objects that have been compromised. The object SHALL only be used for cryptographic purposes permitted by the Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute.</li><li><em>Destroyed</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for any cryptographic purpose.</li><li><em>Destroyed Compromised</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for any cryptographic purpose; however its compromised status SHOULD be retained for audit or security purposes.</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">State transitions occur as follows:</p>
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<ol><li>The transition from a non-existent key to the Pre-Active state is caused by the creation of the object. When an object is created or registered, it automatically goes from non-existent to Pre-Active. If, however, the operation that creates or registers the object contains an Activation Date that has already occurred, then the state immediately transitions from Pre-Active to Active. In this case, the server SHALL set the Activation Date attribute to the value specified in the request, or fail the request attempting to create or register the object, depending on server policy. If the operation contains an Activation Date attribute that is in the future, or contains no Activation Date, then the Cryptographic Object is initialized in the key management system in the Pre-Active state.</li><li>The transition from Pre-Active to Destroyed is caused by a client issuing a Destroy operation. The server destroys the object when (and if) server policy dictates.</li><li>The transition from Pre-Active to Compromised is caused by a client issuing a Revoke operation with a Revocation Reason of Compromised.</li><li>The transition from Pre-Active to Active SHALL occur in one of three ways:</li></ol>
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<ul><li>The Activation Date is reached,</li><li>A client successfully issues a Modify Attribute operation, modifying the Activation Date to a date in the past, or the current date, or</li><li>A client issues an Activate operation on the object. The server SHALL set the Activation Date to the time the Activate operation is received.</li></ul>
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<ol><li>The transition from Active to Compromised is caused by a client issuing a Revoke operation with a Revocation Reason of Compromised.</li><li>The transition from Active to Deactivated SHALL occur in one of three ways:</li></ol>
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<ul><li>The object&#039;s Deactivation Date is reached,</li><li>A client issues a Revoke operation, with a Revocation Reason other than Compromised, or</li><li>The client successfully issues a Modify Attribute operation, modifying the Deactivation Date to a date in the past, or the current date.</li></ul>
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<ol><li>The transition from Deactivated to Destroyed is caused by a client issuing a Destroy operation, or by a server, both in accordance with server policy. The server destroys the object when (and if) server policy dictates.</li><li>The transition from Deactivated to Compromised is caused by a client issuing a Revoke operation with a Revocation Reason of Compromised.</li><li>The transition from Compromised to Destroyed Compromised is caused by a client issuing a Destroy operation, or by a server, both in accordance with server policy. The server destroys the object when (and if) server policy dictates.</li><li>The transition from Destroyed to Destroyed Compromised is caused by a client issuing a <em>R</em>evoke operation with a Revocation Reason of Compromised.</li></ol>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Only the transitions described above are permitted.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#state-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.18</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497746" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932787" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128721" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307578" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 103: State Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:31.8289%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, but only by the server in response to certain requests (see above)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate, Revoke, Destroy, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3580" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497747" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932788" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128722" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307579" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 104: State Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="initial-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Initial Date</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Initial Date</em> attribute contains the date and time when the Managed Object was first created or registered at the server. This time corresponds to state transition 1 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). This attribute SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered, and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed. This attribute is also set for non-cryptographic objects (e.g., templates) when they are first registered with the server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497748" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932789" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128723" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307580" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 105: Initial Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:31.8289%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3654" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497749" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932790" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128724" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307581" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 106: Initial Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="activation-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Activation Date</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Activation Date</em> attribute contains the date and time when the Managed Cryptographic Object MAY begin to be used. This time corresponds to state transition 4 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). The object SHALL NOT be used for any cryptographic purpose before the <em>Activation Date</em> has been reached. Once the state transition from Pre-Active has occurred, then this attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497750" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932791" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128725" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307582" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 107: Activation Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:31.8289%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active state</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active state</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Templates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3728" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497751" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932792" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128726" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307583" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 108: Activation Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="process-start-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Process Start Date</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Process Start Date</em> attribute is the date and time when a Managed Symmetric Key Object MAY begin to be used to process cryptographically protected information (e.g., decryption or unwrapping), depending on the value of its Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute. The object SHALL NOT be used for these cryptographic purposes before the <em>Process Start Date</em> has been reached. This value MAY be equal to or later than, but SHALL NOT precede, the Activation Date. Once the Process Start Date has occurred, then this attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497752" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932793" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128727" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307584" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 109: Process Start Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:31.8289%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the Process Start Date has been not reached.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the Process Start Date has been not reached.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Register, Derive Key, Re-key</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Keys, Split Keys of symmetric keys, Templates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3802" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497753" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932794" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128728" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307585" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 110: Process Start Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="protect-stop-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Protect Stop Date</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Protect Stop Date</em> attribute is the date and time after which a Managed Symmetric Key Object SHALL NOT be used for applying cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption or wrapping), depending on the value of its Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute. This value MAY be equal to or earlier than, but SHALL NOT be later than the Deactivation Date. Once the <em>Protect Stop Date</em> has occurred, then this attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497754" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932795" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128729" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307586" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 111: Protect Stop Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:31.8289%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the Protect Stop Date has not been reached.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the Protect Stop Date has not been reached.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Register, Derive Key, Re-key</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Keys, Split Keys of symmetric keys, Templates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3875" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497755" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932796" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128730" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307587" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 112: Protect Stop Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="deactivation-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Deactivation Date</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Deactivation Date</em> attribute is the date and time when the Managed Cryptographic Object SHALL NOT be used for any purpose, except for decryption, signature verification, or unwrapping, but only under extraordinary circumstances and only when special permission is granted. This time corresponds to state transition 6 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). This attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed, unless the object is in the Pre-Active or Active state.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497756" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932797" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128731" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307588" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 113: Deactivation Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:31.8289%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Revoke Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Templates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc3949" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497757" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932798" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128732" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307589" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 114: Deactivation Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="destroy-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Destroy Date</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Destroy Date</em> attribute is the date and time when the Managed Object was destroyed. This time corresponds to state transitions 2, 7, or 9 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). This value is set by the server when the object is destroyed due to the reception of a Destroy operation, or due to server policy or out-of-band administrative action.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497758" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932799" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128733" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307590" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 115: Destroy Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:31.8289%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4023" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497759" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932800" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128734" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307591" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref222059969" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 116: Destroy Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="compromise-occurrence-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Compromise Occurrence Date</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Compromise Occurrence Date</em> attribute is the date and time when the Managed Cryptographic Object was first believed to be compromised. If it is not possible to estimate when the compromise occurred, then this value SHOULD be set to the Initial Date for the object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497760" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932801" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128735" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307592" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 117: Compromise Occurrence Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:41.9679%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Object</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4097" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497761" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932802" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128736" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307593" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 118: Compromise Occurrence Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="compromise-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Compromise Date</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Compromise Date</em> attribute contains the date and time when the Managed Cryptographic Object entered into the compromised state. This time corresponds to state transitions 3, 5, 8, or 10 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). This time indicates when the key management system was made aware of the compromise, not necessarily when the compromise occurred. This attribute is set by the server when it receives a Revoke operation with a <em>Revocation Reason</em> of Compromised code, or due to server policy or out-of-band administrative action.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497762" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932803" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128737" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307594" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 119: Compromise Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:41.2086%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Object</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4171" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497763" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932804" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128738" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307595" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 120: Compromise Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="revocation-reason" style="margin-top:12pt">Revocation Reason</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Revocation Reason</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236474234">Table 121</a>) used to indicate why the Managed Cryptographic Object was revoked (e.g., “compromised”, “expired”, “no longer used”, etc.). This attribute is only set by the server as a part of the Revoke Operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Revocation Message</em> is an OPTIONAL field that is used exclusively for audit trail/logging purposes and MAY contain additional information about why the object was revoked (e.g., “Laptop stolen”, or “Machine decommissioned”).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason Code</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#revocation-reason-code-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236474234" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497764" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932805" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128739" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307596" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 121: Revocation Reason Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:42.7487%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Object</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4264" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497765" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932806" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128740" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307597" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 122: Revocation Reason Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="archive-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Archive Date</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Archive Date</em> attribute is the date and time when the Managed Object was placed in archival storage. This value is set by the server as a part of the Archive operation. The server SHALL delete this attribute whenever a Recover operation is performed.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497766" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932807" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128741" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307598" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 123: Archive Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:31.8289%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4338" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497767" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932808" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128742" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307599" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_object%20group" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 124: Archive Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="object-group" style="margin-top:12pt">Object Group</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An object MAY be part of a group of objects. An object MAY belong to more than one group of objects. To assign an object to a group of objects, the object group name SHOULD be set into this attribute. “default” is a reserved Text String for <em>Object Group</em>.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497768" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932809" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128743" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307600" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 125: Object Group Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:45.9572%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4412" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497769" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932810" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128744" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307601" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 126: Object Group Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="fresh" style="margin-top:12pt">Fresh</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Fresh</em> attribute is a Boolean attribute that indicates that the object has not yet been served to a client. The Fresh attribute SHALL be set to True when a new object is created on the server. The server SHALL change the attribute value to False as soon as the object has been served to a client.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fresh</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932811" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128745" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307602" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 127: Fresh Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:46.1604%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932812" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128746" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307603" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 128: Fresh Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="link" style="margin-top:12pt">Link</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Link</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236474478">Table 129</a>) used to create a link from one Managed Cryptographic Object to another, closely related target Managed Cryptographic Object. The link has a type, and the allowed types differ, depending on the Object Type of the Managed Cryptographic Object, as listed below. The <em>Linked Object Identifier</em> identifies the target Managed Cryptographic Object by its Unique Identifier. The link contains information about the association between the Managed Cryptographic Objects (e.g., the private key corresponding to a public key; the parent certificate for a certificate in a chain; or for a derived symmetric key, the base key from which it was derived).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Possible values of <em>Link Type</em> in accordance with the Object Type of the Managed Cryptographic Object are:</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="1798" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="DDE_LINK3"></span><em>Private Key Link:</em> For a Public Key object: the private key corresponding to the public key.</li><li><em>Public Key Link:</em> For a Private Key object: the public key corresponding to the private key. For a Certificate object: the public key contained in the certificate.</li><li><em>Certificate Link</em>: For Certificate objects: the parent certificate for a certificate in a certificate chain. For Public Key objects: the corresponding certificate(s), containing the same public key.</li><li><em>Derivation Base Object Link:</em> For a derived Symmetric Key or Secret Data object: the object(s) from which the current symmetric key was derived.</li><li><em>Derived Key Link</em>: the symmetric key(s) or Secret Data object(s) that were derived from the current object.</li><li><em>Replacement Object</em> <em>Link:</em> For a Symmetric Key, an Asymmetric Private Key, or an Asymmetric Public Key object: the key that resulted from the re-key of the current key. For a Certificate object: the certificate that resulted from the re-certify. Note that there SHALL be only one such replacement object per Managed Object.</li><li><em>Replaced Object</em> <em>Link:</em> For a Symmetric Key, an Asymmetric Private Key, or an Asymmetric Public Key object: the key that was re-keyed to obtain the current key. For a Certificate object: the certificate that was re-certified to obtain the current certificate.</li><li><em>Parent Link:</em> For all object types: the owner, container or other parent object corresponding to the object.</li><li><em>Child Link:</em> For all object types: the subordinate, derived or other child object corresponding to the object.</li><li><em>Previous Link:</em> For all object types: the previous object to this object.</li><li><em>Next Link:</em> For all object types: the next object to this object.</li></ul>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Link attribute SHOULD be present for private keys and public keys for which a certificate chain is stored by the server, and for certificates in a certificate chain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Note that it is possible for a Managed Object to have multiple instances of the Link attribute (e.g., a Private Key has links to the associated certificate, as well as the associated public key; a Certificate object has links to both the public key and to the certificate of the certification authority (CA) that signed the certificate).</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">It is also possible that a Managed Object does not have links to associated cryptographic objects. This MAY occur in cases where the associated key material is not available to the server or client (e.g., the registration of a CA Signer certificate with a server, where the corresponding private key is held in a different manner).</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.8415%"/><col style="width:41.606%"/><col style="width:24.1328%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2507" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3886" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2254" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2507" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3886" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2254" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2507" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3886" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#link-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2254" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2507" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Linked Object Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3886" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2254" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236474478" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497770" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932813" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128747" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307604" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 129: Link Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:45.4225%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4515" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497771" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932814" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128748" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307605" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_appid%20attribute" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 130: Link Attribute Structure Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="application-specific-information" style="margin-top:12pt">Application Specific Information</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Application Specific Information</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236474684">Table 131</a>) used to store data specific to the application(s) using the Managed Object. It consists of the following fields: an <em>Application Namespace</em> and <em>Application Data</em> specific to that application namespace.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Clients MAY request to set (i.e., using any of the operations that result in new Managed Object(s) on the server or adding/modifying the attribute of an existing Managed Object) an instance of this attribute with a particular <em>Application Namespace</em> while omitting <em>Application Data</em>. In that case, if the server supports this namespace (as indicated by the Query operation in Section <a href="#query">4.25</a>), then it SHALL return a suitable <em>Application Data</em> value. If the server does not support this namespace, then an error SHALL be returned.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Specific Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Namespace</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref236474684" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497772" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932815" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128749" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307606" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 131: Application Specific Information Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:40.9198%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server (only if the Application Data is omitted, in the client request)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes (only if the Application Data is omitted in the client request)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-certify</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4621" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497773" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932816" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128750" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307607" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 132: Application Specific Information Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="contact-information" style="margin-top:12pt">Contact Information</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Contact Information</em> attribute is OPTIONAL, and its content is used for contact purposes only. It is not used for policy enforcement. The attribute is set by the client or the server.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contact Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497774" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932817" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128751" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307608" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 133: Contact Information Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4695" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497775" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932818" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128752" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307609" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 134: Contact Information Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="last-change-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Last Change Date</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Last Change Date</em> attribute contains the date and time of the last change of the specified object.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="DDE_LINK1" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="DDE_LINK" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497776" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932819" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128753" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307610" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 135: Last Change Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:44.6738%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate, Revoke, Destroy, Archive, Recover, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Add Attribute, Modify Attribute, Delete Attribute, Get Usage Allocation</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4769" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497777" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932820" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128754" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307611" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 136: Last Change Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="custom-attribute" style="margin-top:12pt">Custom Attribute</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Custom Attribute</em> is a client- or server-defined attribute intended for vendor-specific purposes. It is created by the client and not interpreted by the server, or is created by the server and MAY be interpreted by the client. All custom attributes created by the client SHALL adhere to a naming scheme, where the name of the attribute SHALL have a prefix of &#039;x-&#039;. All custom attributes created by the key management server SHALL adhere to a naming scheme where the name of the attribute SHALL have a prefix of &#039;y-&#039;. The server SHALL NOT accept a client-created or modified attribute, where the name of the attribute has a prefix of ‘y-‘. The tag type <em>Custom Attribute</em> is not able to identify the particular attribute; hence such an attribute SHALL only appear in an Attribute Structure with its name as defined in Section <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a>.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Custom Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Any data type or structure. If a structure, then the structure SHALL NOT include sub structures</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The name of the attribute SHALL start with &#039;x-&#039; or &#039;y-&#039;.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497778" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932821" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128755" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307612" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 137 Custom Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, for server-created attributes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, for client-created attributes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, for client-created attributes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate, Revoke, Destroy, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4843" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497779" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932822" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128756" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307613" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 138: Custom Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="alternative-name" style="margin-top:12pt">Alternative Name</h2>
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<p>The <em>Alternative</em> <em>Name</em> attribute is used to identify and locate the object. This attribute is assigned by the client, and the <em>Alternative</em> <em>Name Value</em> is intended to be in a form that humans are able to interpret. The key management system MAY specify rules by which the client creates valid alternative names. Clients are informed of such rules by a mechanism that is not specified by this standard. Alternative Names MAY NOT be unique within a given key management domain.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#alternative-name-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.34</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128757" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307614" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 139: Alternative Name Attribute Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:37.893%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes (Only if no value present)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128758" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307615" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 140: Alternative Name Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="key-value-present" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Value Present</h2>
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<p><em>Key Value Present</em> is an OPTIONAL attribute of the managed object created by the server. It SHALL NOT be specified by the client in a Register request. <em>Key Value Present</em> SHALL be created by the server if the Key Value is absent from the Key Block in a Register request. The value of Key Value Present SHALL NOT be modified by either the client or the server. <em>Key Value Present</em> attribute MAY be used as a part of the Locate operation. This attribute does not apply to Templates, Certificates, Public Keys or Opaque Objects.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Present</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128759" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307616" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 141: Key Value Present Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">During Register operation</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key, Private Key, Split Key, Secret Data</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128760" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307617" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 142: Key Value Present Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="key-value-location" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Value Location</h2>
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<p><em>Key Value Location</em> is an OPTIONAL attribute of a managed object. It MAY be specified by the client when the Key Value is omitted from the Key Block in a Register request. <em>Key Value Location</em> is used to indicate the location of the Key Value absent from the object being registered. This attribute does not apply to Templates, Certificates, Public Keys or Opaque Objects.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#key-value-location-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128761" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307618" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 143: Key Value Location Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Never</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key, Private Key, Split Key, Secret Data</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128762" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307619" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 144: Key Value Location Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="original-creation-date" style="margin-top:12pt">Original Creation Date</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Original Creation Date</em> attribute contains the date and time the object was originally created, which can be different from when the object is registered with a key management server.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">It is OPTIONAL for an object being registered by a client. The <em>Original Creation Date</em> MAY be set by the client during a Register operation. If no <em>Original Creation Date</em> attribute was set by the client during a Register operation, it MAY do so at a later time through an Add Attribute operation for that object.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">It is mandatory for an object created on the server as a result of a Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, or Re-key Key Pair operation. In such cases the <em>Original Creation Date</em> SHALL be set by the server and SHALL be the same as the <em>Initial Date</em> attribute.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">In all cases, once the <em>Original Creation Date</em> is set, it SHALL NOT be deleted or updated.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Original Creation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc311896711" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128763" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307620" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 145: Original Creation Date Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:50.7059%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server (when object is generated by Server)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128764" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307621" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 146: Original Creation Date Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="random-number-generator" style="margin-top:12pt">Random Number Generator</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute contains the details of the random number generator used during the creation of the managed cryptographic object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">It is OPTIONAL for a managed cryptographic object being registered by a client. The <em>Random Number Generator</em> MAY be set by the client during a Register operation. If no <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute was set by the client during a Register operation, it MAY do so at a later time through an Add Attribute operation for that object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">It is mandatory for an object created on the server as a result of a Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, or Re-key Key Pair operation. In such cases the <em>Random Number Generator</em> SHALL be set by the server depending on which random number generator was used. If the specific details of the random number generator are unknown then the RNG Algorithm within the RNG Parameters structure SHALL be set to <em>Unspecified</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If one or more <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute values are provided in the template attributes (either directly or via reference to templates which contain <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute values) in a Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, or Re-key Key Pair operation then the server SHALL use a random number generator that matches one of the <em>Random Number Generator</em> attributes. If the server does not support or is otherwise unable to use a matching random number generator then it SHALL fail the request.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute SHALL NOT be copied from the original object in a Re-key or Re-key Key Pair operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">In all cases, once the <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute is set, it SHALL NOT be deleted or updated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Random Number Generator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Parameters (see </span><a href="#rng-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.18</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128765" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307622" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc238538369" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 147: Random Number Generator Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:51.8503%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client (when the object is generated by the Client and registered) or Server (when object is generated by Server)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128766" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307623" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 148: Random Number Generator Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="pkcs12-friendly-name" style="margin-top:12pt">PKCS#12 Friendly Name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The PKCS#12 Friendly Name attribute is OPTIONAL. If supplied on a Register Private Key with Key Format Type PKCS#12, it informs the server of the alias/friendly name (see [RFC7292]) under which the private key and its associated certificate chain SHALL be found in the Key Material. If no such alias/friendly name is supplied, the server SHALL record the alias/friendly name (if any) it finds for the first Private Key in the Key Material.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When a Get with Key Format Type PKCS#12 is issued, this attribute informs the server what alias/friendly name the server SHALL use when encoding the response. If this attribute is absent for the object on which the Get is issued, the server SHOULD use an alias/friendly name of “alias”. Since the PKCS#12 Friendly Name is defined in ASN.1 with an EQUALITY MATCHING RULE of caseIgnoreMatch, clients and servers SHOULD utilize a lowercase text string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#12 Friendly Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128767" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307624" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 149: PKCS#12 Friendly Name Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Managed Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128768" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307625" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 150: Friendly Name Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="description" style="margin-top:12pt">Description</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Description attribute is OPTIONAL, and its content is used for informational purposes only. It is not used for policy enforcement. The attribute is set by the client or the server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128769" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307626" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 151: Description Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128770" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307629" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 152: Description Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="comment" style="margin-top:12pt">Comment</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Comment attribute is OPTIONAL, and its content is used for informational purposes only. It is not used for policy enforcement. The attribute is set by the client or the server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128771" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 153: Comment Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128772" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 154: Comment Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="sensitive" style="margin-top:12pt">Sensitive</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If True then the server SHALL prevent the object value being retrieved (via the Get operation) unless it is wrapped by another key. The server SHALL set the value to False if the value is not provided by the client.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sensitive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128773" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 155: Sensitive Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When object is created or registered</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128774" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 156: Sensitive Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="always-sensitive" style="margin-top:12pt">Always Sensitive</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The server SHALL set the value toTrue if the Sensitive attribute has always been True and the value to False if the Sensitive attribute has ever been set to False.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sensitive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128775" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 157: Always Sensitive Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When Sensitive attribute is set or changed</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128776" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 158: Always Sensitive Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="extractable" style="margin-top:12pt">Extractable</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If False then the server SHALL prevent the object value being retrieved (via the Get operation). The server SHALL set the value to True if the value is not provided by the client.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extractable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128777" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 159: Extractable Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When object is created or registered</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128778" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 160: Extractable Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="never-extractable" style="margin-top:12pt">Never Extractable</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The server SHALL set the value to True if the Extractable attribute has always been False, and set the value to False if the Extractable attribute has ever been set to True.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Never Extractable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128779" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 161: Never Extractable Attribute</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.877%"/><col style="width:28.8984%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">When Never Extractable attribute is</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">set or changed</span></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128780" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 162: Never Extractable Attribute Rules</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="client-to-server-operations" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Client-to-Server Operations</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following subsections describe the operations that MAY be requested by a key management client. Not all clients have to be capable of issuing all operation requests; however any client that issues a specific request SHALL be capable of understanding the response to the request. All Object Management operations are issued in requests from clients to servers, and results obtained in responses from servers to clients. Multiple operations MAY be combined within a batch, resulting in a single request/response message pair.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A number of the operations whose descriptions follow are affected by a mechanism referred to as the <em>ID Placeholder.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The key management server SHALL implement a temporary variable called the ID Placeholder. This value consists of a single Unique Identifier. It is a variable stored inside the server that is only valid and preserved during the execution of a batch of operations. Once the batch of operations has been completed, the ID Placeholder value SHALL be discarded and/or invalidated by the server, so that subsequent requests do not find this previous ID Placeholder available.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The ID Placeholder is obtained from the Unique Identifier returned in response to the Create, Create Pair, Register, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Certify, Re-Certify, Locate, and Recover operations. If any of these operations successfully completes and returns a Unique Identifier, then the server SHALL copy this Unique Identifier into the ID Placeholder variable, where it is held until the completion of the operations remaining in the batched request or until a subsequent operation in the batch causes the ID Placeholder to be replaced. If the Batch Error Continuation Option is set to Stop and the Batch Order Option is set to true, then subsequent operations in the batched request MAY make use of the ID Placeholder by omitting the Unique Identifier field from the request payloads for these operations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Requests MAY contain attribute values to be assigned to the object. This information is specified with a Template-Attribute (see Section <a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a>) that contains zero or more template names and zero or more individual attributes. If more than one template name is specified, and there is a conflict between the single-instance attributes in the templates, then the value in the last of the conflicting templates takes precedence. If there is a conflict between the single-instance attributes in the request and the single-instance attributes in a specified template, then the attribute values in the request take precedence. For multi-instance attributes, the union of attribute values is used when the attributes are specified more than once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a <em>Name</em> within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Responses MAY contain attribute values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the server. This information is specified with a Template-Attribute that contains one or more individual attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For any operations that operate on Managed Objects already stored on the server, any archived object SHALL first be made available by a Recover operation (see Section <a href="#recover">4.23</a>) before they MAY be specified (i.e., as on-line objects).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Multi-part cryptographic operations (operations where a stream of data is provided across multiple requests from a client to a server) are optionally supported by those cryptographic operations that include the Correlation Value (see section <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a>), Init Indicator (see section <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a>) and Final Indicator (see section <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a>) request parameters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For multi-part cryptographic operations the following sequence is performed</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>On the first request<ol type="a"><li>Provide an Init Indicator with a value of True</li><li>Provide any other required parameters</li><li>Preserve the Correlation Value returned in the response for use in subsequent requests</li><li>Use the Data output (if any) from the response</li></ol></li><li>On subsequent requests<ol type="a"><li>Provide the Correlation Value from the response to the first request</li><li>Provide any other required parameters</li><li>Use the next block of Data output (if any) from the response</li></ol></li><li>On the final request<ol type="a"><li>Provide the Correlation Value from the response to the first request</li><li>Provide a Final Indicator with a value of True</li><li>Use the final block of Data output (if any) from the response</li></ol></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Single-part cryptographic operations (operations where a single input is provided and a single response returned) the following sequence is performed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>On each request<ol type="a"><li>Do not provide an Init Indicator, Final Indicator or Correlation Value or provide an Init indicator and Final Indicator but no Correlation Value.</li><li>Provide any other required parameters</li><li>Use the Data output from the response</li></ol></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Data is always required in cryptographic operations except when either Init Indicator or Final Indicator is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="create" style="margin-top:12pt">Create</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to generate a new symmetric key as a Managed Cryptographic Object. This operation is not used to create a Template object (see Register operation, Section <a href="#register">4.3</a>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the type of object being created, and some of the attributes to be assigned to the object (e.g., Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). This information MAY be specified by the names of Template objects that already exist.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the created object. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the type of object to be created.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired attributes using to be associated with the new object templates and/or individual attributes.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497780" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932823" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128781" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307630" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 163: Create Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Type of object created.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly created object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497781" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932824" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128782" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307631" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 164: Create Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><a href="#_Ref242028927">Table 165</a> indicates which attributes SHALL be included in the Create request using the Template-Attribute object.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.9198%"/><col style="width:31.8717%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc4950" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref242028927" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497782" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932825" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128783" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307632" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 165: Create Attribute Requirements</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="create-key-pair" style="margin-top:12pt">Create Key Pair</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to generate a new public/private key pair and register the two corresponding new Managed Cryptographic Objects.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains attributes to be assigned to the objects (e.g., Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). Attributes and Template Names MAY be specified for both keys at the same time by specifying a Common Template-Attribute object in the request. Attributes not common to both keys (e.g., Name, Cryptographic Usage Mask) MAY be specified using the Private Key Template-Attribute and Public Key Template-Attribute objects in the request, which take precedence over the Common Template-Attribute object.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a <em>Name</em> within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For the Private Key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Public Key pointing to the Public Key. For the Public Key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Private Key pointing to the Private Key. The response contains the Unique Identifiers of both created objects. The ID Placeholder value SHALL be set to the Unique Identifier of the Private Key.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8522%"/><col style="width:13.651%"/><col style="width:38.6188%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Request Payload</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3442" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1275" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3607" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3442" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1275" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3607" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired attributes in templates and/or as individual attributes to be associated with the new object that apply to both the Private and Public Key Objects.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3442" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1275" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3607" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies templates and/or attributes to be associated with the new object that apply to the Private Key Object. Order of precedence applies.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3442" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1275" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3607" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies templates and/or attributes to be associated with the new object that apply to the Public Key Object. Order of precedence applies.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497783" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932826" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128784" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307633" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 166: Create Key Pair Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For multi-instance attributes, the union of the values found in the templates and attributes of the Common, Private, and Public Key Template-Attribute SHALL be used. For single-instance attributes, the order of precedence is as follows:</p>
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<ol><li>attributes specified explicitly in the Private and Public Key Template-Attribute, then</li><li>attributes specified via templates in the Private and Public Key Template-Attribute, then</li><li>attributes specified explicitly in the Common Template-Attribute, then</li><li>attributes specified via templates in the Common Template-Attribute.</li></ol>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If there are multiple templates in the Common, Private, or Public Key Template-Attribute, then the last value of the single-instance attribute that conflicts takes precedence.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly created Private Key object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly created Public Key object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Private Key Object, with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Public Key Object, with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497784" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932827" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128785" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307634" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 167: Create Key Pair Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><a href="#_Ref242028836">Table 168</a> indicates which attributes SHALL be included in the Create Key pair request using Template-Attribute objects, as well as which attributes SHALL have the same value for the Private and Public Key.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.0171%"/><col style="width:20.9743%"/><col style="width:31.1456%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL contain the same value for both Private and Public Key</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-length"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">3.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Domain Parameters, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc5112" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref242028836" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497785" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932828" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128786" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307635" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 168: Create Key Pair Attribute Requirements</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p>Setting the same Cryptographic Length value for both private and public key does not imply that both keys are of equal length. For RSA, Cryptographic Length corresponds to the bit length of the Modulus. For DSA and DH algorithms, Cryptographic Length corresponds to the bit length of parameter P, and the bit length of Q is set separately in the Cryptographic Domain Parameters attribute. For ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV algorithms, Cryptographic Length corresponds to the bit length of parameter Q.</p>
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<h2 id="register" style="margin-top:12pt">Register</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to register a Managed Object that was created by the client or obtained by the client through some other means, allowing the server to manage the object. The arguments in the request are similar to those in the Create operation, but contain the object itself for storage by the server.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the type of object being registered and attributes to be assigned to the object (e.g., Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). This information SHALL be specified by the use of a Template-Attribute object.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier assigned by the server to the registered object. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operations into the ID Placeholder variable. The Initial Date attribute of the object SHALL be set to the current time.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the type of object being registered.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired object attributes to be associated with the new object using templates and/or individual attributes.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate, Symmetric Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key, Template Secret Data or Opaque Object, see </span><a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The object being registered. The object and attributes MAY be wrapped.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497786" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932829" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128787" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307636" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 169: Register Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly registered object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497787" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932830" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128788" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307637" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 170: Register Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If a Managed Cryptographic Object is registered, then the following attributes SHALL be included in the Register request, either explicitly, or via specification of a template that contains the attribute.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:25.9893%"/><col style="width:26.0107%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be omitted only if this information is encapsulated in the Key Block. Does not apply to Secret Data. If present, then Cryptographic Length below SHALL also be present.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be omitted only if this information is encapsulated in the Key Block. Does not apply to Secret Data. If present, then Cryptographic Algorithm above SHALL also be present.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Length, see </span><a href="#certificate-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes. Only applies to Certificates.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm, see </span><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be omitted only if this information is encapsulated in the Certificate object. Only applies to Certificates.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc5272" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497788" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932831" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128789" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307638" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 171: Register Attribute Requirements</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="re-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Re-key</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This request is used to generate a replacement key for an existing symmetric key. It is analogous to the Create operation, except that attributes of the replacement key are copied from the existing key, with the exception of the attributes listed in <a href="#random-number-generator">Random Number Generator</a> <a href="#random-number-generator">3.44</a>.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">As the replacement key takes over the name attribute of the existing key, Re-key SHOULD only be performed once on a given key.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier of the replacement key returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For the existing key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replacement Object pointing to the replacement key. For the replacement key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replaced Key pointing to the existing key.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An <em>Offset</em> MAY be used to indicate the difference between the Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the replacement key. If no Offset is specified, the Activation Date, Process Start Date, Protect Stop Date and Deactivation Date values are copied from the existing key. If Offset is set and dates exist for the existing key, then the dates of the replacement key SHALL be set based on the dates of the existing key as follows:</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:38.8235%"/><col style="width:46.5348%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in Existing Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in Replacement Key</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>2</sub></em>) &gt; <em>IT<sub>1</sub></em></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>) = <em> IT<sub>2</sub>+ Offset</em></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date (<em>CT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date = <em>CT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-<em> AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date (<em>TT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date = <em>TT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-<em> AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date (<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date = <em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-<em> AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref242081406" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497789" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932832" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128790" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307639" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 172: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-key</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Attributes requiring special handling when creating the replacement key are:</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:25.9893%"/><col style="width:26.0107%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Action</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date, see </span><a href="#initial-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the current time</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date, see </span><a href="#destroy-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.28</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date, see </span><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.29</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date, see </span><a href="#compromise-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.30</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason, see </span><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">New value generated</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits, see </span><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Total value is copied from the existing key, and the Count value in the existing key is set to the Total value.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name, see </span><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the name(s) of the existing key; all name attributes are removed from the existing key.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State, see </span><a href="#state"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set based on attributes values, such as dates, as shown in </span><a href="#_Ref242081406"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 172</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest, see </span><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recomputed from the replacement key value</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link, see </span><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to point to the existing key as the replaced key</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date, see </span><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to current time</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="2145" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Ref242080899"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="2146" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc236497790"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="2147" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc310932833"></span><span style="font-size:10pt">Random Number Generator, see </span><a href="#random-number-generator"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.44</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the random number generator used for creating the new managed object. Not copied from the original object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128791" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307640" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 173: Re-key Attribute Requirements</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the existing Symmetric Key being re-keyed. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Interval object indicating the difference between the Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the replacement key to be created.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or individual attributes.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497791" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932834" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128792" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307641" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 174: Re-key Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8415%"/><col style="width:13.7259%"/><col style="width:38.5225%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8321" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3441" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1282" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3598" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3441" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1282" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3598" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly-created replacement Symmetric Key.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3441" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1282" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3598" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc5475" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497792" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932835" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128793" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307642" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 175: Re-key Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="re-key-key-pair" style="margin-top:12pt">Re-key Key Pair</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This request is used to generate a replacement key pair for an existing public/private key pair. It is analogous to the Create Key Pair operation, except that attributes of the replacement key pair are copied from the existing key pair, with the exception of the attributes listed in <a href="#random-number-generator">Random Number Generator</a> <a href="#random-number-generator">3.44</a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">As the replacement of the key pair takes over the name attribute for the existing public/private key pair, Re-key Key Pair SHOULD only be performed once on a given key pair.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For both the existing public key and private key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replacement Key pointing to the replacement public and private key, respectively. For both the replacement public and private key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replaced Key pointing to the existing public and private key, respectively.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL copy the Private Key Unique Identifier of the replacement private key returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An <em>Offset</em> MAY be used to indicate the difference between the Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the replacement key pair. If no Offset is specified, the Activation Date and Deactivation Date values are copied from the existing key pair. If Offset is set and dates exist for the existing key pair, then the dates of the replacement key pair SHALL be set based on the dates of the existing key pair as follows</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:38.8235%"/><col style="width:46.5348%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in Existing Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in Replacement Key Pair</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>2</sub></em>) &gt; <em>IT<sub>1</sub></em></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>) = <em> IT<sub>2</sub>+ Offset</em></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date (<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date = <em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-<em> AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref233098884" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932836" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128794" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307643" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 176: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-key Key Pair</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Attributes for the replacement key pair that are not copied from the existing key pair and which are handled in a specific way are:</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:25.9893%"/><col style="width:58.9947%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Action</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">New value generated</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">New value generated</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name, see </span><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the name(s) of the existing public/private keys; all name attributes of the existing public/private keys are removed.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest, see </span><a href="#digest"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.17</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recomputed for both replacement public and private keys from the new public and private key values</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits, see </span><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Total Bytes/Total Objects value is copied from the existing key pair, while the Byte Count/Object Count values are set to the Total Bytes/Total Objects.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State, see </span><a href="#state"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set based on attributes values, such as dates, as shown in </span><a href="#_Ref233098884">Table 176</a><span style="font-size:10pt">.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date, see </span><a href="#initial-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the current time</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date, see </span><a href="#destroy-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.28</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date, see </span><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.29</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date, see </span><a href="#compromise-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.30</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason, see </span><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link, see </span><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to point to the existing public/private keys as the replaced public/private keys</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date, see </span><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to current time</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="2176" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Ref295838839"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="2177" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Ref295838833"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="2178" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc310932837"></span><span style="font-size:10pt">Random Number Generator, see </span><a href="#random-number-generator"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.44</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the random number generator used for creating the new managed object. Not copied from the original object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128795" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307644" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 177: Re-key Key Pair Attribute Requirements</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:26.3276%"/><col style="width:13.6617%"/><col style="width:49.1328%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Request Payload</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the existing Asymmetric key pair to be re-keyed. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder is substituted by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Interval object indicating the difference between the Initialization date and the Activation Date of the replacement key pair to be created.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired attributes in templates and/or as individual attributes that apply to both the Private and Public Key Objects.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies templates and/or attributes that apply to the Private Key Object. Order of precedence applies.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies templates and/or attributes that apply to the Public Key Object. Order of precedence applies.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932838" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128796" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307645" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 178: Re-key Key Pair Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For multi-instance attributes, the union of the values found in the templates and attributes of the Common, Private, and Public Key Template-Attribute is used. For single-instance attributes, the order of precedence is as follows:</p>
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<ol><li>attributes specified explicitly in the Private and Public Key Template-Attribute, then</li><li>attributes specified via templates in the Private and Public Key Template-Attribute, then</li><li>attributes specified explicitly in the Common Template-Attribute, then</li><li>attributes specified via templates in the Common Template-Attribute.</li></ol>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If there are multiple templates in the Common, Private, or Public Key Template-Attribute, then the subsequent value of the single-instance attribute takes precedence.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly created replacement Private Key object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly created replacement Public Key object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Private Key Object, with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Public Key Object, with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932839" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128797" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307646" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 179: Re-key Key Pair Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="derive-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Derive Key </h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This request is used to derive a Symmetric Key or Secret Data object from keys or Secret Data objects that are already known to the key management system. The request SHALL only apply to Managed Cryptographic Objects that have the Derive Key bit set in the Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute of the specified Managed Object (i.e., are able to be used for key derivation). If the operation is issued for an object that does not have this bit set, then the server SHALL return an error. For all derivation methods, the client SHALL specify the desired length of the derived key or Secret Data object using the Cryptographic Length attribute. If a key is created, then the client SHALL specify both its Cryptographic Length and Cryptographic Algorithm. If the specified length exceeds the output of the derivation method, then the server SHALL return an error. Clients MAY derive multiple keys and IVs by requesting the creation of a Secret Data object and specifying a Cryptographic Length that is the total length of the derived object. If the specified length exceeds the output of the derivation method, then the server SHALL return an error.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The fields in the request specify the Unique Identifiers of the keys or Secret Data objects to be used for derivation (e.g., some derivation methods MAY use multiple keys or Secret Data objects to derive the result), the method to be used to perform the derivation, and any parameters needed by the specified method. The method is specified as an enumerated value. Currently defined derivation methods include:</p>
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<ul><li><em>PBKDF2</em> – This method is used to derive a symmetric key from a password or pass phrase. The PBKDF2 method is published in <a href="#PKCS5"><strong>[PKCS#5]</strong></a> and <a href="#RFC2898"><strong>[RFC2898]</strong></a>.</li></ul>
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<ul><li><em>HASH</em> – This method derives a key by computing a hash over the derivation key or the derivation data.</li><li><em>HMAC</em> – This method derives a key by computing an HMAC over the derivation data.</li><li><em>ENCRYPT</em> – This method derives a key by encrypting the derivation data.</li><li><em>NIST800-108-C</em> – This method derives a key by computing the KDF in Counter Mode as specified in <a href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>.</li><li><em>NIST800-108-F</em> – This method derives a key by computing the KDF in Feedback Mode as specified in <a href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>.</li><li><em>NIST800-108-DPI</em> – This method derives a key by computing the KDF in Double-Pipeline Iteration Mode as specified in <a href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>.</li><li><em>Extensions.</em></li></ul>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL perform the derivation function, and then register the derived object as a new Managed Object, returning the new Unique Identifier for the new object in the response. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><span style="color:#000000">For the keys or Secret Data objects from which the key or Secret Data object is derived, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Derived Key pointing to the </span>Symmetric Key or Secret Data object derived as a result of this operation. For <span style="color:#000000">the </span>Symmetric Key or Secret Data object derived as a result of this operation, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type <span style="color:#000000">Derivation Base Object pointing to the keys or Secret Data objects from which the key or Secret Data object is derived.</span></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:25.9743%"/><col style="width:15.8351%"/><col style="width:50.9422%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the type of object to be created.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes. MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object or objects to be used to derive a new key. Note that the current value of the ID Placeholder SHALL NOT be used in place of a Unique Identifier in this operation.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Method, see </span><a href="#derivation-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Enumeration object specifying the method to be used to derive the new key.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Parameters, see below</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">A Structure object containing the parameters needed by the specified derivation method.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired attributes to be associated with the new object using templates and/or individual attributes; the length and algorithm SHALL always be specified for the creation of a symmetric key.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497793" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932840" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128798" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307647" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 180: Derive Key Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:24.454%"/><col style="width:13.6617%"/><col style="width:53.1156%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8521" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4961" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4961" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly derived key or Secret Data object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4961" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497794" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932841" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128799" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307648" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 181: Derive Key Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <span style="color:#000000"><em>Derivation Parameters</em></span> for all derivation methods consist of the following parameters, except PBKDF2, which takes two additional parameters.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.469%"/><col style="width:28.469%"/><col style="width:28.5118%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, except for HMAC derivation keys.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initialization Vector</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, depends on PRF and mode of operation: empty IV is assumed if not provided.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, unless the Unique Identifier of a Secret Data object is provided.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497795" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932842" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128800" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307649" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 182: Derivation Parameters Structure (Except PBKDF2)</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Cryptographic Parameters identify the Pseudorandom Function (PRF) or the mode of operation of the PRF (e.g., if a key is to be derived using the HASH derivation method, then clients are REQUIRED to indicate the hash algorithm inside Cryptographic Parameters; similarly, if a key is to be derived using AES in CBC mode, then clients are REQUIRED to indicate the Block Cipher Mode). The server SHALL verify that the specified mode matches one of the instances of Cryptographic Parameters set for the corresponding key. If Cryptographic Parameters are omitted, then the server SHALL select the Cryptographic Parameters with the lowest Attribute Index for the specified key. If the corresponding key does not have any Cryptographic Parameters attribute, or if no match is found, then an error is returned.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If a key is derived using HMAC, then the attributes of the derivation key provide enough information about the PRF, and the Cryptographic Parameters are ignored.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Derivation Data is either the data to be encrypted, hashed, or HMACed. For the NIST SP 800-108 methods <a href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>, Derivation Data is Label||{0x00}||Context, where the all-zero byte is OPTIONAL.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Most derivation methods (e.g., Encrypt) REQUIRE a derivation key and the derivation data to be used. The HASH derivation method REQUIRES either a derivation key or derivation data. Derivation data MAY either be explicitly provided by the client with the Derivation Data field or implicitly provided by providing the Unique Identifier of a Secret Data object. If both are provided, then an error SHALL be returned.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The PBKDF2 derivation method takes two additional parameters:</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.469%"/><col style="width:22.409%"/><col style="width:44.8287%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, depends on the PRF.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initialization Vector</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No, depends on the PRF (if different than those defined in <a href="#PKCS5"><strong>[PKCS#5]</strong></a>) and mode of operation: an empty IV is assumed if not provided.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, unless the Unique Identifier of a Secret Data object is provided.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Salt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Iteration Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc5711" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497796" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932843" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128801" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307650" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 183: PBKDF2 Derivation Parameters Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="certify" style="margin-top:12pt">Certify</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This request is used to generate a Certificate object for a public key. This request supports the certification of a new public key, as well as the certification of a public key that has already been certified (i.e., certificate update). Only a single certificate SHALL be requested at a time. Server support for this operation is OPTIONAL. If the server does not support this operation, an error SHALL be returned.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Certificate Request object MAY be omitted, in which case the public key for which a Certificate object is generated SHALL be specified by its Unique Identifier only. If the Certificate Request Type and the Certificate Request objects are omitted from the request, then the Certificate Type SHALL be specified using the Template-Attribute object.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Certificate Request is passed as a Byte String, which allows multiple certificate request types for X.509 certificates (e.g., PKCS#10, PEM, etc.) to be submitted to the server.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The generated Certificate object whose Unique Identifier<span style="color:#000000"><em> </em></span>is returned MAY be obtained by the client via a Get operation in the same batch, using the ID Placeholder mechanism.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For the public key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Certificate pointing to the generated certificate. For the generated certificate, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Public Key pointing to the Public Key.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier of the generated certificate returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the information in the Certificate Request conflicts with the attributes specified in the Template-Attribute, then the information in the Certificate Request takes precedence.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the Public Key being certified. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request Type, see </span><a href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Enumeration object specifying the type of certificate request. It is REQUIRED if the Certificate Request is present.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">A Byte String object with the certificate request.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or individual attributes.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497797" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932844" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128802" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307651" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 184: Certify Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the generated Certificate object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc5803" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497798" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932845" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128803" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307652" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 185: Certify Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="re-certify" style="margin-top:12pt">Re-certify</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This request is used to renew an existing certificate for the same key pair. Only a single certificate SHALL be renewed at a time. Server support for this operation is OPTIONAL. If the server does not support this operation, an error SHALL be returned.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Certificate Request object MAY be omitted, in which case the public key for which a Certificate object is generated SHALL be specified by its Unique Identifier only. If the Certificate Request Type and the Certificate Request objects are omitted and the Certificate Type is not specified using the Template-Attribute object in the request, then the Certificate Type of the new certificate SHALL be the same as that of the existing certificate.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Certificate Request is passed as a Byte String, which allows multiple certificate request types for X.509 certificates (e.g., PKCS#10, PEM, etc.) to be submitted to the server.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier of the new certificate returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the information in the Certificate Request field in the request conflicts with the attributes specified in the Template-Attribute, then the information in the Certificate Request takes precedence.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">As the new certificate takes over the name attribute of the existing certificate, Re-certify SHOULD only be performed once on a given (existing) certificate.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For the existing certificate, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replacement pointing to the new certificate. For the new certificate, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replaced pointing to the existing certificate. For the public key, the server SHALL change the Link attribute of Link Type Certificate to point to the new certificate.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An <em>Offset</em> MAY be used to indicate the difference between the Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the new certificate. If no Offset is specified, the Activation Date and Deactivation Date values are copied from the existing certificate. If Offset is set and dates exist for the existing certificate, then the dates of the new certificate SHALL be set based on the dates of the existing certificate as follows:</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:38.8235%"/><col style="width:46.5348%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in Existing Certificate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in New Certificate</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>2</sub></em>) &gt; <em>IT<sub>1</sub></em></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>) = <em> IT<sub>2</sub>+ Offset</em></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date (<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date = <em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-<em> AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref242083523" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497799" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932846" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128804" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307653" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 186: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-certify</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Attributes that are not copied from the existing certificate and that are handled in a specific way for the new certificate are:</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.139%"/><col style="width:50.6524%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Action</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date, see </span><a href="#initial-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to current time.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date, see </span><a href="#destroy-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.28</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason, see </span><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">New value generated.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name, see </span><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the name(s) of the existing certificate; all name attributes are removed from the existing certificate.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State, see </span><a href="#state"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set based on attributes values, such as dates, as shown in </span><a href="#_Ref242083523"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 186</span></a>.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest, see </span><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recomputed from the new certificate value.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link, see </span><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to point to the existing certificate as the replaced certificate.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date, see </span><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to current time.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497800" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932847" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128805" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307654" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 187: Re-certify Attribute Requirements</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:40.985%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8551" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the Certificate being renewed. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request Type, see </span><a href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Enumeration object specifying the type of certificate request. It is REQUIRED if the Certificate Request is present.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">A Byte String object with the certificate request.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Interval object indicating the difference between the Initial Date of the new certificate and the Activation Date of the new certificate.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or individual attributes.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497801" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932848" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128806" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307655" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 188: Re-certify Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:40.985%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8551" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the new certificate.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc5996" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497802" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932849" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128807" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307656" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 189: Re-certify Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="locate" style="margin-top:12pt">Locate</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests that the server search for one or more Managed Objects, depending on the attributes specified in the request. All attributes are allowed to be used. However, Attribute Index values SHOULD NOT be specified in the request. Attribute Index values that are provided SHALL be ignored by the server. The request MAY contain a <em>Maximum Items</em> field, which specifies the maximum number of objects to be returned. If the Maximum Items field is omitted, then the server MAY return all objects matched, or MAY impose an internal maximum limit due to resource limitations.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request MAY contain an <em>Offset Items</em> field, which specifies the number of objects to skip that satisfy the identification criteria specified in the request. An <em>Offset Items</em> field of 0 is the same as omitting the <em>Offset Items</em> field. If both <em>Offset Items</em> and <em>Maximum Items</em> are specified in the request, the server skips <em>Offset Items</em> objects and returns up to <em>Maximum Items</em> objects.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If more than one object satisfies the identification criteria specified in the request, then the response MAY contain Unique Identifiers for multiple Managed Objects. Returned objects SHALL match all of the attributes in the request. If no objects match, then an empty response payload is returned. If no attribute is specified in the request, any object SHALL be deemed to match the Locate request. The response MAY include <em>Located Items</em> which is the count of all objects that satisfy the identification criteria.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server returns a list of Unique Identifiers of the found objects, which then MAY be retrieved using the Get operation. If the objects are archived, then the Recover and Get operations are REQUIRED to be used to obtain those objects. If a single Unique Identifier is returned to the client, then the server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable. If the Locate operation matches more than one object, and the Maximum Items value is omitted in the request, or is set to a value larger than one, then the server SHALL empty the ID Placeholder, causing any subsequent operations that are batched with the Locate, and which do not specify a Unique Identifier explicitly, to fail. This ensures that these batched operations SHALL proceed only if a single object is returned by Locate.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Wild-cards or regular expressions (defined, e.g., in <a href="#ISOIEC_99452"><strong>[ISO/IEC 9945-2]</strong></a>) MAY be supported by specific key management system implementations for matching attribute fields when the field type is a Text String or a Byte String.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Date attributes in the Locate request (e.g., Initial Date, Activation Date, etc.) are used to specify a time or a time range for the search. If a single instance of a given Date attribute is used in the request (e.g., the Activation Date), then objects with the same Date attribute are considered to be matching candidate objects. If two instances of the same Date attribute are used (i.e., with two different values specifying a range), then objects for which the Date attribute is inside or at a limit of the range are considered to be matching candidate objects. If a Date attribute is set to its largest possible value, then it is equivalent to an undefined attribute. The KMIP Usage Guide <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a> provides examples.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When the Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute is specified in the request, candidate objects are compared against this field via an operation that consists of a logical AND of the requested mask with the mask in the candidate object, and then a comparison of the resulting value with the requested mask. For example, if the request contains a mask value of 10001100010000, and a candidate object mask contains 10000100010000, then the logical AND of the two masks is 10000100010000, which is compared against the mask value in the request (10001100010000) and the match fails. This means that a matching candidate object has all of the bits set in its mask that are set in the requested mask, but MAY have additional bits set.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When the Usage Limits attribute is specified in the request, matching candidate objects SHALL have a Usage Limits Count and Usage Limits Total equal to or larger than the values specified in the request.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When an attribute that is defined as a structure is specified, all of the structure fields are not REQUIRED to be specified. For instance, for the Link attribute, if the Linked Object Identifier value is specified without the Link Type value, then matching candidate objects have the Linked Object Identifier as specified, irrespective of their Link Type.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When the Object Group attribute and the Object Group Member flag are specified in the request, and the value specified for Object Group Member is ‘Group Member Fresh’, matching candidate objects SHALL be fresh objects (see <a href="#fresh">3.34</a>) from the object group. If there are no more fresh objects in the group, the server MAY choose to generate a new object on-the-fly, based on server policy. If the value specified for Object Group Member is ‘Group Member Default’, the server locates the default object as defined by server policy.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Storage Status Mask field (see Section <a href="#storage-status-mask"><span style="color:#000000">9.1.3.3.2</span></a>) is used to indicate whether only on-line objects, only archived objects, or both on-line and archived objects are to be searched. Note that the server MAY store attributes of archived objects in order to expedite Locate operations that search through archived objects.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Integer object that indicates the maximum number of object identifiers the server MAY return.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Integer object that indicates the number of object identifiers to skip that satisfy the identification criteria specified in the request.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Status Mask, see </span><a href="#storage-status-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Integer object (used as a bit mask) that indicates whether only on-line objects, only archived objects, or both on-line and archived objects are to be searched. If omitted, then on-line only is assumed.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group Member, see </span><a href="#object-group-member-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.33</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Enumeration object that indicates the object group member type.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attributes"><span style="font-size:10pt">3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an attribute and its value(s) that are REQUIRED to match those in a candidate object (according to the matching rules defined above).</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497803" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932850" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128808" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307657" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 190: Locate Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Located Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">An Integer object that indicates the number of object identifiers that satisfy the identification criteria specified in the request. A server MAY elect to omit this value from the Response if it is unable or unwilling to determine the total count of matched items.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">A server MAY elect to return the Located Items value even if Offset Items is not present in the Request.</span></p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the located objects.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc6073" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497804" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932851" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128809" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307658" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 191: Locate Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="check" style="margin-top:12pt">Check</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests that the server check for the use of a Managed Object according to values specified in the request. This operation SHOULD only be used when placed in a batched set of operations, usually following a Locate, Create, Create Pair, Derive Key, Certify, Re-Certify, Re-key or Re-key Key Pair operation, and followed by a Get operation.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the server determines that the client is allowed to use the object according to the specified attributes, then the server returns the Unique Identifier of the object.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the server determines that the client is not allowed to use the object according to the specified attributes, then the server empties the ID Placeholder and does not return the Unique Identifier, and the operation returns the set of attributes specified in the request that caused the server policy denial. The only attributes returned are those that resulted in the server determining that the client is not allowed to use the object, thus allowing the client to determine how to proceed.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">In a batch containing a Check operation the Batch Order Option SHOULD be set to true. Only STOP or UNDO Batch Error Continuation Option values SHOULD be used by the client in such a batch. Additional attributes that MAY be specified in the request are limited to:</p>
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<ul><li>Usage Limits Count (see Section <a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a>) – The request MAY contain the usage amount that the client deems necessary to complete its needed function. This does not require that any subsequent Get Usage Allocation operations request this amount. It only means that the client is ensuring that the amount specified is available.</li><li>Cryptographic Usage Mask – This is used to specify the cryptographic operations for which the client intends to use the object (see Section <a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask">3.19</a>). This allows the server to determine if the policy allows this client to perform these operations with the object. Note that this MAY be a different value from the one specified in a Locate operation that precedes this operation. Locate, for example, MAY specify a Cryptographic Usage Mask requesting a key that MAY be used for both Encryption and Decryption, but the value in the Check operation MAY specify that the client is only using the key for Encryption at this time.</li><li>Lease Time – This specifies a desired lease time (see Section <a href="#lease-time">3.20</a>). The client MAY use this to determine if the server allows the client to use the object with the specified lease or longer. Including this attribute in the Check operation does not actually cause the server to grant a lease, but only indicates that the requested lease time value MAY be granted if requested by a subsequent, batched Obtain Lease operation.</li></ul>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Note that these objects are not encoded in an Attribute structure as shown in Section <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being checked. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count, see </span><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the number of</span> <span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Units to be protected to be checked against server policy.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the Cryptographic Usage for which the client intends to use the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time, see </span><a href="#lease-time"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies a Lease Time value that the Client is asking the server to validate against server policy.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497805" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932852" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128810" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307659" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 192: Check Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, unless a failure,</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count, see </span><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Returned by the Server if the Usage Limits value specified in the Request Payload is larger than the value that the server policy allows.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Returned by the Server if the Cryptographic Usage Mask specified in the Request Payload is rejected by the server for policy violation.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time, see </span><a href="#lease-time"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Returned by the Server if the Lease Time value in the Request Payload is larger than a valid Lease Time that the server MAY grant.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497806" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932853" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128811" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307660" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 193: Check Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="get" style="margin-top:12pt">Get</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests that the server returns the Managed Object specified by its Unique Identifier.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Only a single object is returned. The response contains the Unique Identifier of the object, along with the object itself, which MAY be wrapped using a wrapping key as specified in the request.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following key format capabilities SHALL be assumed by the client; restrictions apply when the client requests the server to return an object in a particular format:</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If a client registered a key in a given format, the server SHALL be able to return the key during the Get operation in the same format that was used when the key was registered.</li><li>Any other format conversion MAY be supported by the server.</li></ul>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If Key Format Type is specified to be PKCS#12 then the response payload SHALL be a PKCS#12 container as specified by [RFC7292]. The Unique Identifier SHALL be that of a private key to be included in the response. The container SHALL be protected using the Secret Data object specified via the private key’s Secret Data Link. The current certificate chain SHALL also be included as determined by using the private key’s Public Key link to get the corresponding public key, and then using that public key’s Certificate Link to get the base certificate, and then using each certificate’s Certificate Link to build the certificate chain. It is an error if there is more than one valid certificate chain.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being requested. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type, see </span><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the key format type to be returned.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrap Type, see </span><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the Key Wrap Type of the returned key value.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Compression Type, see </span><a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the compression method for elliptic curve public keys.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Specification, see </span><a href="#key-wrapping-specification"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies keys and other information for wrapping the returned object. This field SHALL NOT be specified if the requested object is a Template.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497807" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932854" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128812" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307661" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 194: Get Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Type of object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate, Symmetric Key, PGP Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see </span><a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The object being returned.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc6279" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497808" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932855" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128813" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307662" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 195: Get Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="get-attributes" style="margin-top:12pt">Get Attributes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests one or more attributes associated with a Managed Object. The object is specified by its Unique Identifier, and the attributes are specified by their name in the request. If a specified attribute has multiple instances, then all instances are returned. If a specified attribute does not exist (i.e., has no value), then it SHALL NOT be present in the returned response. If no requested attributes exist, then the response SHALL consist only of the Unique Identifier. If no attribute name is specified in the request, all attributes SHALL be deemed to match the Get Attributes request. The same attribute name SHALL NOT be present more than once in a request.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object whose attributes are being requested. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the name of an attribute associated with the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497809" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932856" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128814" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307663" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 196: Get Attributes Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The requested attribute associated with the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc6348" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497810" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932857" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128815" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307664" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 197: Get Attributes Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="get-attribute-list" style="margin-top:12pt">Get Attribute List</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests a list of the attribute names associated with a Managed Object. The object is specified by its Unique Identifier.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object whose attribute names are being requested. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497811" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932858" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128816" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307665" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 198: Get Attribute List Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The names of the available attributes associated with the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc6408" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497812" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932859" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128817" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307666" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 199: Get Attribute List Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="add-attribute" style="margin-top:12pt">Add Attribute</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to add a new attribute instance to be associated with a Managed Object and set its value. The request contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object to which the attribute pertains, along with the attribute name and value. For single-instance attributes, this is how the attribute value is created. For multi-instance attributes, this is how the first and subsequent values are created. Existing attribute values SHALL only be changed by the Modify Attribute operation. Read-Only attributes SHALL NOT be added using the Add Attribute operation. The Attribute Index SHALL NOT be specified in the request. The response returns a new Attribute Index and the Attribute Index MAY be omitted if the index of the added attribute instance is 0. Multiple Add Attribute requests MAY be included in a single batched request to add multiple attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the attribute to be added as an attribute for the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497813" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932860" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128818" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307667" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 200: Add Attribute Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The added attribute associated with the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc6477" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497814" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932861" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128819" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307668" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 201: Add Attribute Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="modify-attribute" style="margin-top:12pt">Modify Attribute</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to modify the value of an existing attribute instance associated with a Managed Object. The request contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object whose attribute is to be modified, the attribute name, the OPTIONAL Attribute Index, and the new value. If no Attribute Index is specified in the request, then the Attribute Index SHALL be assumed to be 0. Only existing attributes MAY be changed via this operation. New attributes SHALL only be added by the Add Attribute operation. Only the specified instance of the attribute SHALL be modified. Specifying an Attribute Index for which there exists no Attribute object SHALL result in an error. The response returns the modified Attribute (new value) and the Attribute Index MAY be omitted if the index of the modified attribute instance is 0. Multiple Modify Attribute requests MAY be included in a single batched request to modify multiple attributes.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the attribute associated with the object to be modified.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497815" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932862" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128820" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307669" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 202: Modify Attribute Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The modified attribute associated with the object with the new value.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497816" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932863" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128821" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307670" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 203: Modify Attribute Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="delete-attribute" style="margin-top:12pt">Delete Attribute</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to delete an attribute associated with a Managed Object. The request contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object whose attribute is to be deleted, the attribute name, and the OPTIONAL Attribute Index of the attribute. If no Attribute Index is specified in the request, then the Attribute Index SHALL be assumed to be 0. Attributes that are always REQUIRED to have a value SHALL never be deleted by this operation. Attempting to delete a non-existent attribute or specifying an Attribute Index for which there exists no Attribute Value SHALL result in an error. The response returns the deleted Attribute and the Attribute Index MAY be omitted if the index of the deleted attribute instance is 0. Multiple Delete Attribute requests MAY be included in a single batched request to delete multiple attributes.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object whose attributes are being deleted. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the name of the attribute associated with the object to be deleted.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Index, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the Index of the Attribute.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497817" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932864" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128822" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307671" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 204: Delete Attribute Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The deleted attribute associated with the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc6625" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497818" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932865" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128823" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307672" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_obtain%20lease" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 205: Delete Attribute Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="obtain-lease" style="margin-top:12pt">Obtain Lease</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to obtain a new <em>Lease Time</em> for a specified Managed Object. The Lease Time is an interval value that determines when the client&#039;s internal cache of information about the object expires and needs to be renewed. If the returned value of the lease time is zero, then the server is indicating that no lease interval is effective, and the client MAY use the object without any lease time limit. If a client&#039;s lease expires, then the client SHALL NOT use the associated cryptographic object until a new lease is obtained. If the server determines that a new lease SHALL NOT be issued for the specified cryptographic object, then the server SHALL respond to the Obtain Lease request with an error.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response payload for the operation contains the current value of the Last Change Date attribute for the object. This MAY be used by the client to determine if any of the attributes cached by the client need to be refreshed, by comparing this time to the time when the attributes were previously obtained.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object for which the lease is being obtained. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497819" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932866" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128824" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307673" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 206: Obtain Lease Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:34.8929%"/><col style="width:15.6745%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3259" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1464" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3259" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1464" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3259" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time, see </span><a href="#lease-time"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1464" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An interval (in seconds) that specifies the amount of time that the object MAY be used until a new lease needs to be obtained.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3259" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date, see </span><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1464" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The date and time indicating when the latest change was made to the contents or any attribute of the specified object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc6696" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497820" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932867" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128825" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307674" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 207: Obtain Lease Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="get-usage-allocation" style="margin-top:12pt">Get Usage Allocation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to obtain an allocation from the current Usage Limits value to allow the client to use the Managed Cryptographic Object for applying cryptographic protection. The allocation only applies to Managed Cryptographic Objects that are able to be used for applying protection (e.g., symmetric keys for encryption, private keys for signing, etc.) and is only valid if the Managed Cryptographic Object has a Usage Limits attribute. Usage for processing cryptographically protected information (e.g., decryption, verification, etc.) is not limited and is not able to be allocated. A Managed Cryptographic Object that has a Usage Limits attribute SHALL NOT be used by a client for applying cryptographic protection unless an allocation has been obtained using this operation. The operation SHALL only be requested during the time that protection is enabled for these objects (i.e., after the Activation Date and before the Protect Stop Date). If the operation is requested for an object that has no Usage Limits attribute, or is not an object that MAY be used for applying cryptographic protection, then the server SHALL return an error.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The field in the request specifies the number of units that the client needs to protect. If the requested amount is not available or if the Managed Object is not able to be used for applying cryptographic protection at this time, then the server SHALL return an error. The server SHALL assume that the entire allocated amount is going to be consumed. Once the entire allocated amount has been consumed, the client SHALL NOT continue to use the Managed Cryptographic Object for applying cryptographic protection until a new allocation is obtained.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.6617%"/><col style="width:38.576%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3603" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3603" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object whose usage allocation is being requested. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder is substituted by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count, see Usage Limits Count field in </span><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3603" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The number of Usage Limits Units to be protected.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497821" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932868" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128826" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307675" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 208: Get Usage Allocation Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.6617%"/><col style="width:38.576%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3603" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3603" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497822" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932869" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128827" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307676" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 209: Get Usage Allocation Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="activate" style="margin-top:12pt">Activate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to activate a Managed Cryptographic Object. The request SHALL NOT specify a Template object. The operation SHALL only be performed on an object in the Pre-Active state and has the effect of changing its state to Active, and setting its Activation Date to the current date and time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being activated. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497823" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932870" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128828" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307677" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 210: Activate Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc6836" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497824" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932871" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128829" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307678" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 211: Activate Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="revoke" style="margin-top:12pt">Revoke</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to revoke a Managed Cryptographic Object or an Opaque Object. The request SHALL NOT specify a Template object. The request contains a reason for the revocation (e.g., “key compromise”, “cessation of operation”, etc.). Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>). Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this request. The operation has one of two effects. If the revocation reason is “key compromise”<span style="color:#000000"> or “CA compromise”</span>, then the object is placed into the “compromised” state; the Date is set to the current date and time<span style="color:#000000">; and the Compromise Occurrence Date is set to the value (if provided) in the Revoke request and if a value is not provided in the Revoke request then Compromise Occurrence Date SHOULD be set to the Initial Date for the object</span>. If the revocation reason is neither “key compromise” nor “CA compromise”, the object is placed into the “deactivated” state, and the Deactivation Date is set to the current date and time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being revoked. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason, see </span><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the reason for revocation.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date, see </span><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.29</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHOULD be specified if the Revocation Reason is &#039;key compromise&#039;</span><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"> or ‘CA compromise’ and SHALL NOT be specified for other Revocation Reason enumerations</span><span style="font-size:10pt">.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497825" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932872" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128830" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307679" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 212: Revoke Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc6905" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497826" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932873" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128831" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307680" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 213: Revoke Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="destroy" style="margin-top:12pt">Destroy</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to indicate to the server that the key material for the specified Managed Object SHALL be destroyed. The meta-data for the key material MAY be retained by the server (e.g., used to ensure that an expired or revoked private signing key is no longer available). Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>). Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this request. If the Unique Identifier specifies a Template object, then the object itself, including all meta-data, SHALL be destroyed. Cryptographic Objects MAY only be destroyed if they are in either Pre-Active or Deactivated state.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being destroyed. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497827" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932874" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128832" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307681" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 214: Destroy Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc6956" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497828" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932875" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128833" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307682" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 215: Destroy Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="archive" style="margin-top:12pt">Archive</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to specify that a Managed Object MAY be archived. The actual time when the object is archived, the location of the archive, or level of archive hierarchy is determined by the policies within the key management system and is not specified by the client. The request contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object. Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>). Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this request. This request is only an indication from a client that, from its point of view, the key management system MAY archive the object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being archived. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497829" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932876" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128834" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307683" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 216: Archive Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7006" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497830" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932877" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128835" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307684" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 217: Archive Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="recover" style="margin-top:12pt">Recover</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to obtain access to a Managed Object that has been archived. This request MAY need asynchronous polling to obtain the response due to delays caused by retrieving the object from the archive. Once the response is received, the object is now on-line, and MAY be obtained (e.g., via a Get operation). Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being recovered. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497831" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932878" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128836" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307685" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 218: Recover Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7056" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497832" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932879" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128837" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307686" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 219: Recover Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="validate" style="margin-top:12pt">Validate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to validate a certificate chain and return information on its validity. Only a single certificate chain SHALL be included in each request. Support for this operation at the server is OPTIONAL. If the server does not support this operation, an error SHALL be returned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request MAY contain a list of certificate objects, and/or a list of Unique Identifiers that identify Managed Certificate objects. Together, the two lists compose a certificate chain to be validated. The request MAY also contain a date for which all certificates in the certificate chain are REQUIRED to be valid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The method or policy by which validation is conducted is a decision of the server and is outside of the scope of this protocol. Likewise, the order in which the supplied certificate chain is validated and the specification of trust anchors used to terminate validation are also controlled by the server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate, see </span><a href="#certificate"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">One or more Certificates.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">One or more Unique Identifiers of Certificate Objects.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">A Date-Time object indicating when the certificate chain needs to be valid. If omitted, the current date and time SHALL be assumed.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497833" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932880" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128838" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307687" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 220: Validate Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Indicator, see </span><a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Enumeration object indicating whether the certificate chain is valid, invalid, or unknown.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7127" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497834" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932881" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128839" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307688" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 221: Validate Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="query" style="margin-top:12pt">Query</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used by the client to interrogate the server to determine its capabilities and/or protocol mechanisms. The <em>Query</em> operation SHOULD be invocable by unauthenticated clients to interrogate server features and functions. The <em>Query Function</em> field in the request SHALL contain one or more of the following items:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Query Operations</li><li>Query Objects</li><li>Query Server Information</li><li>Query Application Namespaces</li><li>Query Extension List</li><li>Query Extension Map</li><li>Query Attestation Types</li><li>Query RNGs</li><li>Query Validations</li><li>Query Profiles</li><li>Query Capabilities</li><li>Query Client Registration Methods</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Operation</em> fields in the response contain Operation enumerated values, which SHALL list all the operations that the server supports. If the request contains a Query Operations value in the Query Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Object Type</em> fields in the response contain Object Type enumerated values, which SHALL list all the object types that the server supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Objects</em> value in the Query Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Server Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing vendor-specific fields and/or substructures. If the request contains a <em>Query Server Information</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Application Namespace</em> fields in the response contain the namespaces that the server SHALL generate values for if requested by the client (see Section <a href="#application-specific-information">3.36</a>). These fields SHALL only be returned in the response if the request contains a Query Application Namespaces value in the Query Function field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Extension Information</em> fields in the response contain the descriptions of Objects with Item Tag values in the Extensions range that are supported by the server (see Section <a href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a>). If the request contains a <em>Query Extension List</em> and/or <em>Query Extension Map</em> value in the Query Function field, then the Extensions Information fields SHALL be returned in the response. If the Query Function field contains the Query Extension Map value, then the Extension Tag and Extension Type fields SHALL be specified in the Extension Information values. If both Query Extension List and Query Extension Map are specified in the request, then only the response to Query Extension Map SHALL be returned and the Query Extension List SHALL be ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Attestation Type</em> fields in the response contain Attestation Type enumerated values, which SHALL list all the attestation types that the server supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Attestation Types</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any Attestation Types.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>RNG Parameters</em> fields in the response SHALL list all the Random Number Generators that the server supports. If the request contains a <em>Query RNGs</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response. If the server is unable to specify details of the RNG then it SHALL return an <em>RNG Parameters</em> with the <em>RNG Algorithm</em> enumeration of <em>Unspecified</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Validation Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing details of each formal validation which the server asserts. If the request contains a <em>Query Validations</em> value, then zero or more <em>Validation Information</em> fields SHALL be returned in the response. A server MAY elect to return no validation information in the response.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Profile Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing details of the profiles that a server supports including potentially how it supports that profile. If the request contains a <em>Query Profiles</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any Profiles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Capability Information</em> fields in the response contain details of the capability of the server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Client Registration Method</em> fields in the response contain Client Registration Method enumerated values, which SHALL list all the client registration methods that the server supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Client Registration Methods</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any Client Registration Methods.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Note that the response payload is empty if there are no values to return.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Function, see </span><a href="#query-function-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.24</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be Repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the information being queried.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497835" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932882" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128840" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307689" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 222: Query Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation, see </span><a href="#operation-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.27</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an Operation that is supported by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies a Managed Object Type that is supported by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Identification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL be returned if Query Server Information is requested. The Vendor Identification SHALL be a text string that uniquely identifies the vendor.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contains vendor-specific information possibly be of interest to the client.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Namespace, see </span><a href="#application-specific-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an Application Namespace supported by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Information, see </span><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL be returned if Query Extension List or Query Extension Map is requested and supported by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type, see </span><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an Attestation Type that is supported by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Parameters, see </span><a href="#rng-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.18</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the RNG that is supported by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Information, see </span><a href="#profile-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the Profiles that are supported by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Information, see </span><a href="#validation-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the validations that are supported by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="2662" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_toc7226"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="2663" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc236497836"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="2664" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc310932883"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="2662"></span><span style="font-size:10pt">Capability Information, see </span><a href="#capability-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the capabilities that are supported by the server.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Registration Method, see </span><a href="#client-registration-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.47</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies a Client Registration Method that is supported by the server.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128841" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307690" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 223: Query Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="discover-versions" style="margin-top:12pt">Discover Versions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used by the client to determine a list of protocol versions that is supported by the server. The request payload contains an OPTIONAL list of protocol versions that is supported by the client. The protocol versions SHALL be ranked in decreasing order of preference.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response payload contains a list of protocol versions that are supported by the server. The protocol versions are ranked in decreasing order of preference. If the client provides the server with a list of supported protocol versions in the request payload, the server SHALL return only the protocol versions that are supported by both the client and server. The server SHOULD list all the protocol versions supported by both client and server. If the protocol version specified in the request header is not specified in the request payload and the server does not support any protocol version specified in the request payload, the server SHALL return an empty list in the response payload. If no protocol versions are specified in the request payload, the server SHOULD return all the protocol versions that are supported by the server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version, see </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be Repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The list of protocol versions supported by the client ordered in decreasing order of preference.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932884" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128842" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307691" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 224: Discover Versions Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version, see </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The list of protocol versions supported by the server ordered in decreasing order of preference.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932885" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128843" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307692" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 225: Discover Versions Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="cancel" style="margin-top:12pt">Cancel</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to cancel an outstanding asynchronous operation. The correlation value (see Section <a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a>) of the original operation SHALL be specified in the request. The server SHALL respond with a <em>Cancellation Result</em> that contains one of the following values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><em>Canceled</em> – The cancel operation succeeded in canceling the pending operation.</li><li><em>Unable To Cancel</em> – The cancel operation is unable to cancel the pending operation.</li><li><em>Completed</em> – The pending operation completed successfully before the cancellation operation was able to cancel it.</li><li><em>Failed</em> – The pending operation completed with a failure before the cancellation operation was able to cancel it.</li><li><em>Unavailable</em> – The specified correlation value did not match any recently pending or completed asynchronous operations.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response to this operation is not able to be asynchronous.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value, see </span><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the request being canceled.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497837" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932886" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128844" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307693" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 226: Cancel Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value, see </span><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specified in the request.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cancellation Result, see </span><a href="#cancellation-result-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.25</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration indicating the result of the cancellation.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7291" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497838" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932887" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128845" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307694" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 227: Cancel Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="poll" style="margin-top:12pt">Poll</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to poll the server in order to obtain the status of an outstanding asynchronous operation. The correlation value (see Section <a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a>) of the original operation SHALL be specified in the request. The response to this operation SHALL NOT be asynchronous.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value, see </span><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the request being polled.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497839" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932888" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128846" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307695" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 228: Poll Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL reply with one of two responses:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the operation has not completed, the response SHALL contain no payload and a Result Status of Pending.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the operation has completed, the response SHALL contain the appropriate payload for the operation. This response SHALL be identical to the response that would have been sent if the operation had completed synchronously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="encrypt" style="margin-top:12pt">Encrypt</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform an encryption operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the encryption operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (mode and padding method), the data to be encrypted, and the IV/Counter/Nonce to use. The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object. The IV/Counter/Nonce MAY also be omitted from the request if the cryptographic parameters indicate that the server shall generate a Random IV on behalf of the client or the encryption algorithm does not need an IV/Counter/Nonce. The server does not store or otherwise manage the IV/Counter/Nonce.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Managed Cryptographic Object referenced has a Usage Limits attribute then the server SHALL obtain an allocation from the current Usage Limits value prior to performing the encryption operation. If the allocation is unable to be obtained the operation SHALL return with a result status of Operation Failed and result reason of Permission Denied.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the encryption operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the encryption operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Block Cipher Mode, Padding Method, RandomIV) corresponding to the particular encryption method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be encrypted (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IV/Counter/Nonce</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The initialization vector, counter or nonce to be used (where appropriate).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authenticated Encryption Additional Data, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Any additional data to be authenticated via the Authenticated Encryption Tag. If supplied in multi-part encryption, this data MUST be supplied on the initial Encrypt request</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc200105129" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128847" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307696" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 229: Encrypt Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that was the key used for the encryption operation.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The encrypted data (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IV/Counter/Nonce</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The value used if the Cryptographic Parameters specified Random IV and the IV/Counter/Nonce value was not provided in the request and the algorithm requires the provision of an IV/Counter/Nonce.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authenticated Encryption Tag, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-tag">2.1.23</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the tag that will be needed to authenticate the decrypted data. Only returned on completion of the encryption of the last of the plaintext by an authenticated encryption cipher.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc200105130" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128848" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307697" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 230: Encrypt Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="decrypt" style="margin-top:12pt">Decrypt</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform a decryption operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the decryption operation.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (mode and padding method), the data to be decrypted, and the IV/Counter/Nonce to use. The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object. The initialization vector/counter/nonce MAY also be omitted from the request if the algorithm does not use an IV/Counter/Nonce.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the decryption operation.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the decryption operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Block Cipher Mode, Padding Method) corresponding to the particular decryption method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be decrypted (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IV/Counter/Nonce</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The initialization vector, counter or nonce to be used (where appropriate).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authenticated Encryption Additional Data, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Additional data to be authenticated via the Authenticated Encryption Tag. If supplied in multi-part decryption, this data MUST be supplied on the initial Decrypt request</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authenticated Encryption Tag, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-tag">2.1.23</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the tag that will be needed to authenticate the decrypted data. If supplied in multi-part decryption, this data MUST be supplied on the initial Decrypt request</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128849" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307698" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 231: Decrypt Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key used for the decryption operation.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The decrypted data (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128850" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307699" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 232: Decrypt Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="sign" style="margin-top:12pt">Sign</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform a signature operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the signature operation.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (digital signature algorithm or cryptographic algorithm and hash algorithm) and the data to be signed. The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Managed Cryptographic Object referenced has a Usage Limits attribute then the server SHALL obtain an allocation from the current Usage Limits value prior to performing the signing operation. If the allocation is unable to be obtained the operation SHALL return with a result status of Operation Failed and result reason of Permission Denied.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the signature operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the signature operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Digital Signature Algorithm or Cryptographic Algorithm and Hashing Algorithm) corresponding to the particular signature generation method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part, unless Digested Data is supplied.. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be signed (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digested Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The digested data to be signed (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128851" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307700" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 233: Sign Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key used for the signature operation.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Signature Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The signed data (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128852" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307701" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 234: Sign Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="signature-verify" style="margin-top:12pt">Signature Verify</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform a signature verify operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the signature verification operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (digital signature algorithm or cryptographic algorithm and hash algorithm) and the signature to be verified and MAY contain the data that was passed to the signing operation (for those algorithms which need the original data to verify a signature).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the OPTIONAL data recovered from the signature (for those signature algorithms where data recovery from the signature is supported). The validity of the signature is indicated by the Validity Indicator field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the signature verify operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Digital Signature Algorithm or Cryptographic Algorithm and Hashing Algorithm) corresponding to the particular signature verification method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data that was signed (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digested Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The digested data to be verified (as a Byte String)</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Signature Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The signature to be verified (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128853" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307702" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 235: Signature Verify Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key used for the verification operation.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Validity Indicator, see <a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.23</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An Enumeration object indicating whether the signature is valid, invalid, or unknown.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The OPTIONAL recovered data (as a Byte String) for those signature algorithms where data recovery from the signature is supported.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128854" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307703" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 236: Signature Verify Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="mac" style="margin-top:12pt">MAC</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform message authentication code (MAC) operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the MAC operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (cryptographic algorithm) and the data to be MACed. The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the MAC operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the MAC operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Cryptographic Algorithm) corresponding to the particular MAC method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be MACed (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128855" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307704" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 237: MAC Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key used for the MAC operation.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MAC Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data MACed (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128856" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307705" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 238: MAC Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="mac-verify" style="margin-top:12pt">MAC Verify</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform message authentication code (MAC) verify operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the MAC verify operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (cryptographic algorithm) and the data to be MAC verified and MAY contain the data that was passed to the MAC operation (for those algorithms which need the original data to verify a MAC). The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the MAC verify operation. The validity of the MAC is indicated by the Validity Indicator field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the MAC verify operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Cryptographic Algorithm) corresponding to the particular MAC method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data that was MACed (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MAC Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be MAC verified (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128857" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307706" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 239: MAC Verify Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key used for the verification operation.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Validity Indicator, see <a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.23</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An Enumeration object indicating whether the MAC is valid, invalid, or unknown.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128858" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307707" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 240: MAC Verify Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="rng-retrieve" style="margin-top:12pt">RNG Retrieve</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to return output from a Random Number Generator (RNG).</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains the quantity of output requested.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the RNG output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The amount of random number generator output to be returned (in bytes).</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128859" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307708" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 241: RNG Retrieve Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The random number generator output.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128860" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307709" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 242: RNG Retrieve Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="rng-seed" style="margin-top:12pt">RNG Seed</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to seed a Random Number Generator.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains the seeding material.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the amount of seed data used.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server MAY elect to ignore the information provided by the client (i.e. not accept the seeding material) and MAY indicate this to the client by returning zero as the value in the Data Length response. A client SHALL NOT consider a response from a server which does not use the provided data as an error.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The data to be provided as a seed to the random number generator.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128861" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307710" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 243: RNG Seed Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The amount of seed data used (in bytes).</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128862" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307711" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 244: RNG Seed Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="hash" style="margin-top:12pt">Hash</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform a hash operation on the data provided.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (hash algorithm) and the data to be hashed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the result of the hash operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Cryptographic Parameters (Hashing Algorithm) corresponding to the particular hash method requested.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be hashed (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128863" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307712" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 245: Hash Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The hashed data (as a Byte String).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128864" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307713" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 246: Hash Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="create-split-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Create Split Key</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This operation requests the server to generate a new split key and register all the splits as individual new Managed Cryptographic Objects.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The request contains attributes to be assigned to the objects (e.g., Split Key Parts, Split Key Threshold, Split Key Method, Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). The request MAY contain the Unique Identifier of an existing cryptographic object that the client requests be split by the server. If the attributes supplied in the request do not match those of the key supplied, the attributes of the key take precedence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifiers of all created objects. The ID Placeholder value SHALL be set to the Unique Identifier of the split whose Key Part Identifier is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the type of object to be created.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the key to be split (if applicable).</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key Parts</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The total number of parts.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key Threshold</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The minimum number of parts needed to reconstruct the entire key.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key Method</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Prime Field Size</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template-Attribute, see <a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or individual attributes.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc311896716" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128865" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307714" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 247: Create Split Key Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes, MAY be repeated</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The list of Unique Identifiers of the newly created objects.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template-Attribute, see <a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management system.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128866" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307715" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 248: Create Split Key Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="join-split-key" style="margin-top:12pt">Join Split Key</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This operation requests the server to combine a list of Split Keys into a single Managed Cryptographic Object. The number of Unique Identifiers in the request SHALL be at least the value of the Split Key Threshold defined in the Split Keys.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The request contains the Object Type of the Managed Cryptographic Object that the client requests the Split Key Objects be combined to form. If the Object Type formed is Secret Data, the client MAY include the Secret Data Type in the request.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier of the object obtained by combining the Split Keys. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the type of object to be created.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes, MAY be repeated</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the Split Keys to be combined to form the object returned by the server. The minimum number of identifiers is specified by the Split Key Threshold field in each of the Split Keys.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Secret Data Type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines which Secret Data type the Split Keys form.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template-Attribute, see <a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or individual attributes.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128867" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307716" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 249: Join Split Key Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the object obtained by combining the Split Keys.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template-Attribute, see <a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management system.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128868" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307717" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 250: Join Split Key Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="export" style="margin-top:12pt">Export</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This operation requests that the server returns a Managed Object specified by its Unique Identifier, together with its attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Key Format Type, Key Wrap Type, Key Compression Type and Key Wrapping Specification SHALL have the same semantics as for the Get operation. If the Managed Object has been Destroyed then the key material for the specified managed object SHALL not be returned in the response.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operations into the ID Placeholder variable. Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this request.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the object being requested. If omitted, then the IDPlaceholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Format Type, see <a href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the key format type to be returned.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Wrap Type, see <a href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the Key Wrap Type of the returned key value.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Compression Type, see <a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.2</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the compression method for elliptic curve public keys.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Wrapping Specification, see <a href="#key-wrapping-specification">2.1.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies keys and other information for wrapping the returned object..</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128869" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 251: Export Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Type of object</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the object.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes, is repeated</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">All of the object’s Attributes.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate, Symmetric Key, PGP Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The object value being returned, in the same manner as the Get operation.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128870" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 252: Export Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="import" style="margin-top:12pt">Import</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This operation requests the server to Import a Managed Object specified by its Unique Identifier. The request specifies the object being imported and all the attributes to be assigned to the object. The attribute rules for each attribute for “Initially set by” and “When implicitly set” SHALL NOT be enforced as all attributes MUST be set to the supplied values rather than any server generated values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong>). Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this request.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier provided in the request or assigned by the server. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operations into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the object to be imported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Replace Existing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A Boolean. If specified and true then any existing object with the same Unique Identifier SHALL be replaced by this operation. If absent or false then the operation SHALL fail if there is an existing object with the same Unique Identifier.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Wrap Type, see <a href="#key-wrap-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.48</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">If Not Wrapped then the server SHALL unwrap the object before storing it, and return an error if the wrapping key is not available. Otherwise the server SHALL store the object as provided.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes, is repeated</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">All of the object’s Attributes.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate, Symmetric Key, PGP Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The object value being imported, in the same manner as the Register operation.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128871" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 253: Export Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the object.</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128872" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 254: Export Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="server-to-client-operations" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Server-to-Client Operations</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Server-to-client operations are used by servers to send information or Managed Cryptographic Objects to clients via means outside of the normal client-server request-response mechanism. These operations are used to send Managed Cryptographic Objects directly to clients without a specific request from the client.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="notify" style="margin-top:12pt">Notify</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to notify a client of events that resulted in changes to attributes of an object. This operation is only ever sent by a server to a client via means outside of the normal client request/response protocol, using information known to the server via unspecified configuration or administrative mechanisms. It contains the Unique Identifier of the object to which the notification applies, and a list of the attributes whose changed values have triggered the notification. The message uses the same format as a Request message (see <a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a href="#_Ref252203062">Table 280</a>), except that the Maximum Response Size, Asynchronous Indicator, Batch Error Continuation Option, and Batch Order Option fields are not allowed. The client SHALL send a response in the form of a Response Message (see <a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a href="#_Ref252203074">Table 281</a>) containing no payload, unless both the client and server have prior knowledge (obtained via out-of-band mechanisms) that the client is not able to respond.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attributes"><span style="font-size:10pt">3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The attributes that have changed. This includes at least the Last Change Date attribute. In case an attribute was deleted, the Attribute structure (see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">) in question SHALL NOT contain the Attribute Value field.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7357" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497840" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932889" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128873" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307718" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 255: Notify Message Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="put" style="margin-top:12pt">Put</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to “push” Managed Cryptographic Objects to clients. This operation is only ever sent by a server to a client via means outside of the normal client request/response protocol, using information known to the server via unspecified configuration or administrative mechanisms. It contains the Unique Identifier of the object that is being sent, and the object itself. The message uses the same format as a Request message (see <a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a href="#_Ref252203062">Table 280</a>), except that the Maximum Response Size, Asynchronous Indicator, Batch Error Continuation Option, and Batch Order Option fields are not allowed. The client SHALL send a response in the form of a Response Message (see <a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a href="#_Ref252203074">Table 281</a>) containing no payload, unless both the client and server have prior knowledge (obtained via out-of-band mechanisms) that the client is not able to respond.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Put Function</em> field indicates whether the object being “pushed” is a new object, or is a replacement for an object already known to the client (e.g., when pushing a certificate to replace one that is about to expire, the Put Functionfield would be set to indicate replacement, and the Unique Identifier of the expiring certificate would be placed in the <em>Replaced Unique Identifier</em> field). The Put Function SHALL contain one of the following values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><em>New</em> – which indicates that the object is not a replacement for another object.</li><li><em>Replace</em> – which indicates that the object is a replacement for another object, and that the Replaced Unique Identifier field is present and contains the identification of the replaced object. In case the object with the Replaced Unique Identifier does not exist at the client, the client SHALL interpret this as if the Put Function contained the value New.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Attribute field contains one or more attributes that the server is sending along with the object. The server MAY include attributes with the object to specify how the object is to be used by the client. The server MAY include a Lease Time attribute that grants a lease to the client.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Managed Object is a wrapped key, then the key wrapping specification SHALL be exchanged prior to the transfer via out-of-band mechanisms.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:33.4261%"/><col style="width:13.2548%"/><col style="width:35.5889%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="7684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Put Function, see </span><a href="#put-function-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.26</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Indicates function for Put message.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replaced Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier of the replaced object. SHALL be present if the <em>Put Function</em> is <em>Replace.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate, Symmetric Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see </span><a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The object being sent to the client.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attributes"><span style="font-size:10pt">3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The additional attributes that the server wishes to send with the object.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7424" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497841" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932890" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128874" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307719" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 256: Put Message Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="query-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Query</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used by the server to interrogate the client to determine its capabilities and/or protocol mechanisms. The <em>Query</em> operation SHOULD be invocable by unauthenticated servers to interrogate client features and functions. The <em>Query Function</em> field in the request SHALL contain one or more of the following items:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Query Operations</li><li>Query Objects</li><li>Query Server Information</li><li>Query Extension List</li><li>Query Extension Map</li><li>Query Attestation Types</li><li>Query RNGs</li><li>Query Validations</li><li>Query Profiles</li><li>Query Capabilities</li><li>Query Client Registration Methods</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Operation</em> fields in the response contain Operation enumerated values, which SHALL list all the operations that the client supports. If the request contains a Query Operations value in the Query Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Object Type</em> fields in the response contain Object Type enumerated values, which SHALL list all the object types that the client supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Objects</em> value in the Query Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Server Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing vendor-specific fields and/or substructures. If the request contains a <em>Query Server Information</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Extension Information</em> fields in the response contain the descriptions of Objects with Item Tag values in the Extensions range that are supported by the server (see Section <a href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a>). If the request contains a <em>Query Extension List</em> and/or <em>Query Extension Map</em> value in the Query Function field, then the Extensions Information fields SHALL be returned in the response. If the Query Function field contains the Query Extension Map value, then the Extension Tag and Extension Type fields SHALL be specified in the Extension Information values. If both Query Extension List and Query Extension Map are specified in the request, then only the response to Query Extension Map SHALL be returned and the Query Extension List SHALL be ignored.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Attestation Type</em> fields in the response contain Attestation Type enumerated values, which SHALL list all the attestation types that the client supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Attestation Types</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any Attestation Types.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>RNG Parameters</em> fields in the response SHALL list all the Random Number Generators that the client supports. If the request contains a <em>Query RNGs</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response. If the server is unable to specify details of the RNG then it SHALL return an <em>RNG Parameters</em> with the <em>RNG Algorithm</em> enumeration of <em>Unspecified</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Validation Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing details of each formal validation which the client asserts. If the request contains a <em>Query Validations</em> value, then zero or more <em>Validation Information</em> fields SHALL be returned in the response. A client MAY elect to return no validation information in the response.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Profile Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing details of the profiles that a client supports including potentially how it supports that profile. If the request contains a <em>Query Profiles</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the client supports any Profiles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Capability Information</em> fields in the response contain details of the capability of the client.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Client Registration Method</em> fields in the response contain Client Registration Method enumerated values, which SHALL list all the client registration methods that the client supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Client Registration Methods</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any Client Registration Methods.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Note that the response payload is empty if there are no values to return.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Function, see </span><a href="#query-function-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.24</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be Repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the information being queried.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128875" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307720" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 257: Query Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation, see </span><a href="#operation-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.27</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an Operation that is supported by the client.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies a Managed Object Type that is supported by the client.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Identification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL be returned if Query Server Information is requested. The Vendor Identification SHALL be a text string that uniquely identifies the vendor.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contains vendor-specific information in response to the Query.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Information, see </span><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL be returned if Query Extension List or Query Extension Map is requested and supported by the client.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type, see </span><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an Attestation Type that is supported by the client.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Parameters, see </span><a href="#rng-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.18</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the RNG that is supported by the client.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Information, see </span><a href="#profile-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the Profiles that are supported by the client.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Information, see </span><a href="#validation-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the validations that are supported by the client.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Capability Information, see </span><a href="#capability-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the capabilities that are supported by the client.</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Registration Method, see </span><a href="#client-registration-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.47</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies a Client Registration Method that is supported by the client.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128876" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307721" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 258: Query Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt"><span style="color:#3b006f; font-size:13.5pt"><strong>5.4 Discover Versions</strong></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt"><span style="color:#000000">This operation is used by the server to determine a list of protocol versions that is supported by the client.</span> The request payload contains an OPTIONAL list of protocol versions that is supported by the server. The protocol versions SHALL be ranked in decreasing order of preference.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt">The response payload contains a list of protocol versions that are supported by the client. The protocol versions are ranked in decreasing order of preference. If the server provides the client with a list of supported protocol versions in the request payload, the client SHALL return only the protocol versions that are supported by both the client and server. The client SHOULD list all the protocol versions supported by both client and server. If the protocol version specified in the request header is not specified in the request payload and the client does not support any protocol version specified in the request payload, the client SHALL return an empty list in the response payload. If no protocol versions are specified in the request payload, the client SHOULD return all the protocol versions that are supported by the client.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version, see </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be Repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The list of protocol versions supported by the server ordered in decreasing order of preference.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128877" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307722" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 259: Discover Versions Request Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:36.8201%"/><col style="width:13.7473%"/><col style="width:38.4904%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version, see </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The list of protocol versions supported by the client ordered in decreasing order of preference.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128878" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307723" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 260: Discover Versions Response Payload</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="message-contents" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Message Contents</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The messages in the protocol consist of a message header, one or more batch items (which contain OPTIONAL message payloads), and OPTIONAL message extensions. The message headers contain fields whose presence is determined by the protocol features used (e.g., asynchronous responses). The field contents are also determined by whether the message is a request or a response. The message payload is determined by the specific operation being requested or to which is being replied.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The message headers are structures that contain some of the following objects.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="protocol-version" style="margin-top:12pt">Protocol Version</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field contains the version number of the protocol, ensuring that the protocol is fully understood by both communicating parties. The version number SHALL be specified in two parts, major and minor. Servers and clients SHALL support backward compatibility with versions of the protocol with the same major version. Support for backward compatibility with different major versions is OPTIONAL.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Major</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Minor</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7468" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497842" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932891" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128879" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307724" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 261: Protocol Version Structure in Message Header</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h2 id="operation" style="margin-top:12pt">Operation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field indicates the operation being requested or the operation for which the response is being returned. The operations are defined in Sections <a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a> and <a href="#server-to-client-operations">5</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#operation-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.27</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7491" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497843" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932892" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128880" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307725" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 262: Operation in Batch Item</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="maximum-response-size" style="margin-top:12pt">Maximum Response Size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is an OPTIONAL field contained in a request message, and is used to indicate the maximum size of a response, in bytes, that the requester SHALL be able to handle. It SHOULD only be sent in requests that possibly return large replies.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Response Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7514" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497844" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932893" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128881" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307726" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 263: Maximum Response Size in Message Request Header</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="unique-batch-item-id" style="margin-top:12pt">Unique Batch Item ID</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is an OPTIONAL field contained in a request, and is used for correlation between requests and responses. If a request has a <em>Unique Batch Item ID</em>, then responses to that request SHALL have the same Unique Batch Item ID.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Batch Item ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7537" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497845" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932894" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128882" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307727" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 264: Unique Batch Item ID in Batch Item</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="time-stamp" style="margin-top:12pt">Time Stamp</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is an OPTIONAL field contained in a client request. It is REQUIRED in a server request and response. It is used for time stamping, and MAY be used to enforce reasonable time usage at a client (e.g., a server MAY choose to reject a request if a client&#039;s time stamp contains a value that is too far off the server’s time). Note that the time stamp MAY be used by a client that has no real-time clock, but has a countdown timer, to obtain useful “seconds from now” values from all of the Date attributes by performing a subtraction.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Time Stamp</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7560" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497846" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932895" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128883" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307728" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 265: Time Stamp in Message Header</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="authentication" style="margin-top:12pt">Authentication</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is used to authenticate the requester. It is an OPTIONAL information item, depending on the type of request being issued and on server policies. Servers MAY require authentication on no requests, a subset of the requests, or all requests, depending on policy. Queryoperations used to interrogate server features and functions SHOULD NOT require authentication. The Authentication structure SHALL contain one or more Credential structures.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The authentication mechanisms are described and discussed in Section <a href="#authentication-1">8</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authentication</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497847" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932896" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128884" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307729" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 266: Authentication Structure in Message Header</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="asynchronous-indicator" style="margin-top:12pt">Asynchronous Indicator</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This Boolean flag indicates whether the client is able to accept an asynchronous response. It SHALL have the Boolean value True if the client is able to handle asynchronous responses, and the value False otherwise. If not present in a request, then False is assumed. If a client indicates that it is not able to handle asynchronous responses, the server SHALL process the request synchronously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7616" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497848" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932897" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128885" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307730" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_asynch%20correlator" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 267: Asynchronous Indicator in Message Request Header</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="asynchronous-correlation-value" style="margin-top:12pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is returned in the immediate response to an operation that is pending and that requires asynchronous polling. Note: the server decides which operations are performed synchronously or asynchronously (see <a href="#asynchronous-indicator">6.7</a>). A server-generated correlation value SHALL be specified in any subsequent Poll or Cancel operations that pertain to the original operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7639" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497849" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932898" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128886" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307731" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 268: Asynchronous Correlation Value in Response Batch Item</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="result-status" style="margin-top:12pt">Result Status</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is sent in a response message and indicates the success or failure of a request. The following values MAY be set in this field:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><em>Success</em> – The requested operation completed successfully.</li><li><em>Operation Pending</em> – The requested operation is in progress, and it is necessary to obtain the actual result via asynchronous polling. The asynchronous correlation value SHALL be used for the subsequent polling of the result status.</li><li><em>Operation Undone</em> – The requested operation was performed, but had to be undone (i.e., due to a failure in a batch for which the Error Continuation Option (see <a href="#batch-error-continuation-option">6.13</a> and <a href="#operations">7.2</a>) was set to Undo).</li><li><em>Operation Failed</em> – The requested operation failed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Status</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#result-status-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.28</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7666" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497850" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932899" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128887" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307732" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 269: Result Status in Response Batch Item</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="result-reason" style="margin-top:12pt">Result Reason</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field indicates a reason for failure or a modifier for a partially successful operation and SHALL be present in responses that return a Result Status of Failure. In such a case, the Result Reason SHALL be set as specified in Section <a href="#error-handling">11</a>. It is OPTIONAL in any response that returns a Result Status of Success.The following defined values are defined for this field:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><em>Item not found</em> – A requested object was not found or did not exist.</li><li><em>Response too large</em> – The response to a request would exceed the <em>Maximum Response Size</em> in the request.</li><li><em>Authentication not successful</em> – The authentication information in the request could not be validated, or was not found.</li><li><em>Invalid message</em> – The request message was not understood by the server.</li><li><em>Operation not supported</em> – The operation requested by the request message is not supported by the server.</li><li><em>Missing data</em> – The operation REQUIRED additional information in the request, which was not present.</li><li><em>Invalid field</em> – Some data item in the request has an invalid value.</li><li><em>Feature not supported</em> – An OPTIONAL feature specified in the request is not supported.</li><li><em>Operation canceled by requester</em> – The operation was asynchronous, and the operation was canceled by the Cancel operation before it completed successfully.</li><li><em>Cryptographic failure</em> – The operation failed due to a cryptographic error.</li><li><em>Illegal operation</em> – The client requested an operation that was not able to be performed with the specified parameters.</li><li><em>Permission denied</em> – The client does not have permission to perform the requested operation.</li><li><em>Object archived</em> – The object SHALL be recovered from the archive before performing the operation.</li><li><em>Index Out of Bounds</em> – The client tried to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances.</li><li><em>Application Namespace Not Supported</em> – The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and the server was not able to generate the Application Data field of an Application Specific Information attribute if the field was omitted from the client request.</li><li><em>Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type Not Supported</em> – The object exists, but the server is unable to provide it in the desired Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type.</li><li><em>General failure</em> – The request failed for a reason other than the defined reasons above.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#result-reason-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.29</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7703" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497851" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932900" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128888" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307733" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 270: Result Reason in Response Batch Item</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="result-message" style="margin-top:12pt">Result Message</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field MAY be returned in a response. It contains a more descriptive error message, which MAY be provided to an end user or used for logging/auditing purposes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7726" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497852" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932901" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128889" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307734" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 271: Result Message in Response Batch Item</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="batch-order-option" style="margin-top:12pt">Batch Order Option</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Boolean value used in requests where the Batch Count is greater than 1. If True, then batched operations SHALL be executed in the order in which they appear within the request. If False, then the server MAY choose to execute the batched operations in any order. If not specified, then False is assumed (i.e., no implied ordering). Server support for this feature is OPTIONAL, but if the server does not support the feature, and a request is received with the batch order option set to True, then the entire request SHALL be rejected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Order Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7749" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497853" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932902" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128890" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307735" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 272: Batch Order Option in Message Request Header</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="batch-error-continuation-option" style="margin-top:12pt">Batch Error Continuation Option</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This option SHALL only be present if the Batch Count is greater than 1. This option SHALL have one of three values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><em>Undo –</em> If any operation in the request fails, then the server SHALL undo all the previous operations.</li><li><em>Stop –</em> If an operation fails, then the server SHALL NOT continue processing subsequent operations in the request. Completed operations SHALL NOT be undone.</li><li><em>Continue –</em> Return an error for the failed operation, and continue processing subsequent operations in the request.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If not specified, then Stop is assumed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Server support for this feature is OPTIONAL, but if the server does not support the feature, and a request is received containing the <em>Batch Error Continuation</em> <em>Option</em> with a value other than the default Stop, then the entire request SHALL be rejected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Error Continuation Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.30</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7777" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497854" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932903" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128891" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307736" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 273: Batch Error Continuation Option in Message Request Header</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="batch-count" style="margin-top:12pt">Batch Count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field contains the number of Batch Items in a message and is REQUIRED. If only a single operation is being requested, then the batch count SHALL be set to 1. The Message Payload, which follows the Message Header, contains one or more batch items.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7800" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497855" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932904" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128892" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307737" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 274: Batch Count in Message Header</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="batch-item" style="margin-top:12pt">Batch Item</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field consists of a structure that holds the individual requests or responses in a batch, and is REQUIRED. The contents of the batch items are described in Section <a href="#operations">7.2</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7823" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497856" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932905" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128893" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307738" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 275: Batch Item in Message</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="message-extension" style="margin-top:12pt">Message Extension</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Message Extension</em> is an OPTIONAL structure that MAY be appended to any Batch Item. It is used to extend protocol messages for the purpose of adding vendor-specified extensions. The Message Extension is a structure that SHALL contain the Vendor Identification, Criticality Indicator, and Vendor Extension fields. The <em>Vendor Identification</em> SHALL be a text string that uniquely identifies the vendor, allowing a client to determine if it is able to parse and understand the extension. If a client or server receives a protocol message containing a message extension that it does not understand, then its actions depend on the <em>Criticality Indicator</em>. If the indicator is True (i.e., Critical), and the receiver does not understand the extension, then the receiver SHALL reject the entire message. If the indicator is False (i.e., Non-Critical), and the receiver does not understand the extension, then the receiver MAY process the rest of the message as if the extension were not present. The <em>Vendor Extension</em> structure SHALL contain vendor-specific extensions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Identification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Criticality Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7873" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497857" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932906" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128894" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307739" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 276: Message Extension Structure in Batch Item</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="attestation-capable-indicator" style="margin-top:12pt">Attestation Capable Indicator</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <em>Attestation Capable Indicator</em> flag indicates whether the client is able to create an Attestation Credential object. It SHALL have Boolean value True if the client is able to create an Attestation Credential object, and the value False otherwise. If not present, the value False is assumed. If a client indicates that it is not able to create an Attestation Credential Object, and the client has issued an operation that requires attestation such as Get, then the server SHALL respond to the request with a failure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Capable Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128895" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307740" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 277: Attestation Capable Indicator in Message Request Header</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="client-correlation-value" style="margin-top:12pt">Client Correlation Value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Client Correlation Value is a string that MAY be added to messages by clients to provide additional information to the server. It need not be unique. The server SHOULD log this information. The Client Correlation Value is provided in the request for client to server operations. The Client Correlation Value is provided in the response for server to client operations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128896" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 278: Client Correlation Value in Message Request Header</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="server-correlation-value" style="margin-top:12pt">Server Correlation Value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Server Correlation Value SHOULD be provided by the server and SHOULD be globally unique, and SHOULD be logged by the server with each request.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Server Correlation Value is provided in the response for client to server operations. The Server Correlation Value is provided in the request for server to client operations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8021%"/><col style="width:30.8021%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128897" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 279: Server Correlation Value in Message Request Header</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="message-format" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Message Format</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Messages contain the following objects and fields. All fields SHALL appear in the order specified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="message-structure" style="margin-top:12pt">Message Structure</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#_Ref242532521"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 282</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#_Ref242532765"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 283</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref252203062" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497858" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932907" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128898" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307741" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 280: Request Message Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:30.8565%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#_Ref242532824"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 284</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#_Ref242532881"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 285</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc7954" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref252203074" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497859" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932908" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128899" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307742" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_synchronous%20batched%20operations" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 281: Response Message Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="operations" style="margin-top:12pt">Operations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the client is capable of accepting asynchronous responses, then it MAY set the <em>Asynchronous Indicator</em> in the header of a batched request. The batched responses MAY contain a mixture of synchronous and asynchronous responses.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.137%"/><col style="width:28.137%"/><col style="width:28.1906%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="7889" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Header</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>REQUIRED in Message</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Comment</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Response Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#maximum-response-size"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.3</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#client-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.18</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#server-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.19</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#asynchronous-indicator"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.7</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Capable Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#attestation-capable-indicator"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.17</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.36</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authentication</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#authentication"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.6</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Error Continuation Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">If omitted, then Stop is assumed, see </span><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.13</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Order Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">If omitted, then False is assumed, see </span><a href="#batch-order-option"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.12</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Time Stamp</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#time-stamp"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.5</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#batch-count"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.14</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref242532521" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497864" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932909" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128900" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307743" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 282: Request Header Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.137%"/><col style="width:28.137%"/><col style="width:28.1585%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="7886" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Request Batch Item</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>REQUIRED in Message</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Comment</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#batch-item"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.15</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#operation"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.2</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Batch Item ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED if <em>Batch Count</em> &gt; 1, see </span><a href="#unique-batch-item-id"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.4</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, contents depend on the Operation, see </span><a href="#client-to-server-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">and </span><a href="#server-to-client-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">5</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref242532765" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497865" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932910" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128901" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307744" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 283: Request Batch Item Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.137%"/><col style="width:28.137%"/><col style="width:28.1906%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="7889" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Header</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>REQUIRED in Message</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Comment</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Time Stamp</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#time-stamp"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.5</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#nonce"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.14</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED in <em>Attestation Required</em> error message if client set Attestation Capable Indicator to True in the request, see </span><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.36</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#client-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.18</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#server-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.19</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#batch-count"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.14</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Ref242532824" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497866" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932911" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128902" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307745" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 284: Response Header Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:28.137%"/><col style="width:28.137%"/><col style="width:28.1906%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="7889" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Response Batch Item</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>REQUIRED in Message</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Comment</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#batch-item"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.15</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if specified in Request Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#operation"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.2</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Batch Item ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED if present in Request Batch Item, see </span><a href="#unique-batch-item-id"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.4</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Status</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#result-status"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.9</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if Result Status is <em>Failure</em></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED if Result Status is <em>Failure</em>, otherwise OPTIONAL, see </span><a href="#result-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.10</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">OPTIONAL if Result Status is not <em>Pending </em>or<em> Success</em>, see </span><a href="#result-message"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.11</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED if Result Status is <em>Pending</em>, see </span><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.8</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if not a failure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, contents depend on the Operation, see </span><a href="#client-to-server-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">and </span><a href="#server-to-client-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">5</span></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc8545" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref242532881" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497867" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932912" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128903" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307746" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_authentication" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 285: Response Batch Item Structure</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h1 id="authentication-1" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Authentication</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The mechanisms used to authenticate the client to the server and the server to the client are not part of the message definitions, and are external to the protocol. The KMIP Server SHALL support authentication as defined in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="message-encoding" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Message Encoding</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">To support different transport protocols and different client capabilities, a number of message-encoding mechanisms are supported.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="ttlv-encoding" style="margin-top:12pt">TTLV Encoding</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">In order to minimize the resource impact on potentially low-function clients, one encoding mechanism to be used for protocol messages is a simplified TTLV (Tag, Type, Length, Value) scheme.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The scheme is designed to minimize the CPU cycle and memory requirements of clients that need to encode or decode protocol messages, and to provide optimal alignment for both 32-bit and 64-bit processors. Minimizing bandwidth over the transport mechanism is considered to be of lesser importance.</p>
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<h3 id="ttlv-encoding-fields" style="margin-top:12pt">TTLV Encoding Fields</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Every Data object encoded by the TTLV scheme consists of four items, in order:</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="item-tag" style="margin-top:12pt">Item Tag</h4>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An Item Tag is a three-byte binary unsigned integer, transmitted big endian, which contains a number that designates the specific Protocol Field or Object that the TTLV object represents. To ease debugging, and to ensure that malformed messages are detected more easily, all tags SHALL contain either the value 42 in hex or the value 54 in hex as the high order (first) byte. Tags defined by this specification contain hex 42 in the first byte. Extensions, which are permitted, but are not defined in this specification, contain the value 54 hex in the first byte. A list of defined Item Tags is in Section <a href="#tags">9.1.3.1</a></p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="item-type" style="margin-top:12pt">Item Type</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An Item Type is a byte containing a coded value that indicates the data type of the data object. The allowed values are:</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:32.9198%"/><col style="width:22.1604%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Data Type</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Coded Value in Hex</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Structure</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">01</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">02</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Long Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">03</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Big Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">04</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Enumeration</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">05</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Boolean</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">06</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Text String</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">07</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">08</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Date-Time</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">09</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Interval</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">0A</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc8633" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref297913935" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497868" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932913" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128904" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307747" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 286: Allowed Item Type Values</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h4 id="item-length" style="margin-top:12pt">Item Length</h4>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An Item Length is a 32-bit binary integer, transmitted big-endian, containing the number of bytes in the Item Value. The allowed values are:</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:32.9198%"/><col style="width:22.1604%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Data Type</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Length</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Structure</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Varies, multiple of 8</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">4</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Long Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">8</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Big Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Varies, multiple of 8</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Enumeration</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">4</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Boolean</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">8</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Text String</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Varies</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Varies</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Date-Time</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">8</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Interval</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">4</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497869" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932914" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128905" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307748" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 287: Allowed Item Length Values</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Item Type is Structure, then the Item Length is the total length of all of the sub-items contained in the structure, including any padding. If the Item Type is Integer, Enumeration, Text String, Byte String, or Interval, then the Item Length is the number of bytes excluding the padding bytes. Text Strings and Byte Strings SHALL be padded with the minimal number of bytes following the Item Value to obtain a multiple of eight bytes. Integers, Enumerations, and Intervals SHALL be padded with four bytes following the Item Value.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="item-value" style="margin-top:12pt">Item Value</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The item value is a sequence of bytes containing the value of the data item, depending on the type:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Integers are encoded as four-byte long (32 bit) binary signed numbers in 2&#039;s complement notation, transmitted big-endian.</li><li>Long Integers are encoded as eight-byte long (64 bit) binary signed numbers in 2&#039;s complement notation, transmitted big-endian.</li><li>Big Integers are encoded as a sequence of eight-bit bytes, in two&#039;s complement notation, transmitted big-endian. If the length of the sequence is not a multiple of eight bytes, then Big Integers SHALL be padded with the minimal number of leading sign-extended bytes to make the length a multiple of eight bytes. These padding bytes are part of the Item Value and SHALL be counted in the Item Length.</li><li>Enumerations are encoded as four-byte long (32 bit) binary unsigned numbers transmitted big-endian. <span style="color:#000000">Extensions, which are permitted, but are not defined in this specification, contain the value 8 hex in the first nibble of the first byte.</span></li><li>Booleans are encoded as an eight-byte value that SHALL either contain the hex value 0000000000000000, indicating the Boolean value <em>False,</em> or the hex value 0000000000000001, transmitted big-endian, indicating the Boolean value <em>True.</em></li><li>Text Strings are sequences of bytes that encode character values according to the UTF-8 encoding standard. There SHALL NOT be null-termination at the end of such strings.</li><li>Byte Strings are sequences of bytes containing individual unspecified eight-bit binary values, and are interpreted in the same sequence order.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt">Date-Time values are POSIX Time values encoded as Long Integers. POSIX Time, as described in IEEE Standard 1003.1 <a href="#IEEE1003_1"><strong>[FIPS202]</strong> SHA-3 Standard: Permutation-Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions, August 2015.<strong> </strong>http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.202.pdf</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><strong>[IEEE1003-1]</strong>, is the number of seconds since the Epoch (1970 Jan 1, 00:00:00 UTC), not counting leap seconds.</li><li>Intervals are encoded as four-byte long (32 bit) binary unsigned numbers, transmitted big-endian. They have a resolution of one second.</li><li>Structure Values are encoded as the concatenated encodings of the elements of the structure. All structures defined in this specification SHALL have all of their fields encoded in the order in which they appear in their respective structure descriptions.</li></ul>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="examples" style="margin-top:12pt">Examples</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">These examples are assumed to be encoding a Protocol Object whose tag is 420020. The examples are shown as a sequence of bytes in hexadecimal notation:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>An Integer containing the decimal value 8:</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">42 00 20 | 02 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A Long Integer containing the decimal value 123456789000000000:</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">42 00 20 | 03 | 00 00 00 08 | 01 B6 9B 4B A5 74 92 00</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A Big Integer containing the decimal value 1234567890000000000000000000:</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">42 00 20 | 04 | 00 00 00 10 | 00 00 00 00 03 FD 35 EB 6B C2 DF 46 18 08 00 00</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>An Enumeration with value 255:</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">42 00 20 | 05 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 FF 00 00 00 00</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A Boolean with the value <em>True</em>:</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">42 00 20 | 06 | 00 00 00 08 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A Text String with the value &quot;Hello World&quot;:</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">42 00 20 | 07 | 00 00 00 0B | 48 65 6C 6C 6F 20 57 6F 72 6C 64 00 00 00 00 00</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A Byte String with the value { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03 }:</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">42 00 20 | 08 | 00 00 00 03 | 01 02 03 00 00 00 00 00</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A Date-Time, containing the value for Friday, March 14, 2008, 11:56:40 GMT:</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">42 00 20 | 09 | 00 00 00 08 | 00 00 00 00 47 DA 67 F8</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>An Interval, containing the value for 10 days:</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">42 00 20 | 0A | 00 00 00 04 | 00 0D 2F 00 00 00 00 00</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A Structure containing an Enumeration, value 254, followed by an Integer, value 255, having tags 420004 and 420005 respectively:</li></ul>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">42 00 20 | 01 | 00 00 00 20 | 42 00 04 | 05 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 FE 00 00 00 00 | 42 00 05 | 02 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 FF 00 00 00 00</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="defined-values" style="margin-top:12pt">Defined Values</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This section specifies the values that are defined by this specification. In all cases where an extension mechanism is allowed, this extension mechanism is only able to be used for communication between parties that have pre-agreed understanding of the specific extensions.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="tags" style="margin-top:12pt">Tags</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following table defines the tag values for the objects and primitive data values for the protocol messages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.1765%"/><col style="width:31.4332%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="5854" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Tag</strong></span></th></tr><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Tag Value</strong></span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">(Unused)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">000000 - 420000</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Namespace</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Specific Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Index</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authentication</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Error Continuation Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Order Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Block Cipher Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420011</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cancellation Result</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420012</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420013</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420014 </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420015 </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420016 </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420017 </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420018</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420019</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001A </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001B </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001C </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420020</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420021</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contact Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420022</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420023</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420024</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420025</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Criticality Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420026</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CRT Coefficient</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420027</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420028</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Domain Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420029</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Custom Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420030</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420031</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420032</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420033</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420034</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420035</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420036</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420037</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420038</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420039</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initialization Vector</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003B </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Iteration Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV/Counter/Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">J</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420040</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Compression Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420041</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420042</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420043</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Part Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420044</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420045</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420046</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Specification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420047</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420048</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420049</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Linked Object Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Response Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420050</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420051</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modulus</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420052</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420053</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420054</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420055</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420056</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420057</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420058</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420059</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Policy Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005D (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Padding Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420060</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420061</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Field Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420062</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420063</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420064</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420065</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420066</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420067</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420068</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420069</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Major</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Minor</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Put Function</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420070</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420071</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420072</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Qlength</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420073</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Function</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420074</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420075</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replaced Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420076</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420077</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420078</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420079</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Status</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420080</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420081</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason Code</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420082</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Role Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420083</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Salt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420084</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420085</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420086</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420087 </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420088</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420089</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Parts</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Threshold</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Status Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420090</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420091</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Time Stamp</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420092</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Batch Item ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420093</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420094</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420095</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420096</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Total</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420097</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Unit</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420098</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Username</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420099</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Identification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrapping Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A0</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A2</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A3</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A4</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A5</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Tag</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A6</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A7</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fresh</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A8</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Machine Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A9</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Media Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AA</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Network Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AB</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group Member</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AC</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AD</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AE</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AF</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B0</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B2</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B3</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B4</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B5</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B6</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B7</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B8</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B9</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BA</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Present</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BB</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Original Creation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BC</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BD</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP Key Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BE</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BF</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C0</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C2</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Signature Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C3</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C4</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Random IV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C5</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C6</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C7</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C8</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C9</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CA</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Measurement</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CB</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Assertion</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CC</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CD</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tag Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CE</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fixed Field Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CF</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Counter Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D0</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Counter Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Invocation Field Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D2</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Capable Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D3</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D4</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Located Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D5</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D6</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Init Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D7</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Final Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D8</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D9</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DA</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DRBG Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DB</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">FIPS186 Variation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DC</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prediction Resistance</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DD</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Random Number Generator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DE</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DF</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E0</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority Country</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E2</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Version Major</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E3</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Version Minor</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E4</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E5</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Level</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E6</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E7</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Certificate URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E8</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Vendor URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E9</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Profile</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200EA</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200EB</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200EC</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200ED</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Port</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200EE</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Streaming Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200EF</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F0</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unwrap Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F2</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Action</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F3</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Shredding Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F4</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F5</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Registration Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F6</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Capability Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F7</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrap Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F8</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Undo Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F9</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Continue Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FA</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#12 Friendly Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FB</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FC</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Comment</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FD</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Authenticated</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Additional Data</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FE</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authenticated Encryption Tag</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FF</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Salt Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420100</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Mask Generator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420101</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Mask Generator Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420102</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P Source</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420103</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Trailer Field</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420104</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420105</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420106</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digested Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420107</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject CN</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420108</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject O</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420109</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject OU</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Email</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject C</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject ST</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject L</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject UID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420110</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Title</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420111</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject DC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420112</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject DN Qualifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420113</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer CN</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420114</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer O</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420115</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer OU</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420116</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Email</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420117</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer C</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420118</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer ST</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420119</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer L</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer UID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Title</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer DC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer DN Qualifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sensitive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420120</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Always Sensitive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420121</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extractable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420122</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Never Extractable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420123</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replace Existing</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420124</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">(Reserved)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420120 – 42FFFF</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">(Unused)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">430000 – 53FFFF</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">540000 – 54FFFF</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">(Unused)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">550000 - FFFFFF</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc9702" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Ref297913892" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497870" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932915" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128906" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307749" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 288: Tag Values</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h4 id="enumerations" style="margin-top:12pt">Enumerations</h4>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following tables define the values for enumerated lists. Values not listed (outside the range 80000000 to 8FFFFFFF) are reserved for future KMIP versions.</p>
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<h5 id="credential-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Credential Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Credential Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Username and Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc9747" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497871" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932916" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128907" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307750" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 289: Credential Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="key-compression-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Compression Type Enumeration</h5>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Key Compression Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EC Public Key Type Uncompressed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EC Public Key Type X9.62 Compressed Prime</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EC Public Key Type X9.62 Compressed Char2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EC Public Key Type X9.62 Hybrid</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932917" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128908" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307751" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 290: Key Compression Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="key-format-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Format Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Key Format Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Raw</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#8</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECPrivateKey</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent Symmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent DSA Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent DSA Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent RSA Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent RSA Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent DH Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent DH Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECDSA Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECDSA Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECDH Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010 (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECDH Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011 (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECMQV Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012 (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECMQV Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013 (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent EC Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent EC Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#12</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc9856" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497872" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932918" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128909" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307752" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 291: Key Format Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="wrapping-method-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Wrapping Method Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Wrapping Method</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt then MAC/sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/sign then encrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">TR-31</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc9911" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497873" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932919" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128910" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307753" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 292: Wrapping Method Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="recommended-curve-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Recommended Curve Enumeration </h5>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt">Recommended curves are defined in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a> <a href="#SEC2"><strong>[SEC2]</strong></a> <a href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a> <a href="#ECC_Brainpool"><strong>[CHACHA]</strong> D. J. Bernstein. ChaCha, a variant of Salsa20.<strong> </strong>https://cr.yp.to/chacha/chacha-20080128.pdf</a></p>
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<p style="margin-left:108pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt; text-indent:-90pt"><strong>[ECC-Brainpool]</strong><a href="#RFC5639"><strong>[RFC5639]</strong></a>,</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7219%"/><col style="width:31.8824%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5947" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Recommended Curve Enumeration</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P-192</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">K-163</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">B-163</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P-224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">K-233</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">B-233</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">K-283</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">B-283</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P-384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">K-409</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">B-409</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P-521</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">K-571</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">B-571</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP112R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP112R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP128R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP128R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP160K1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP160R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP160R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP192K1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP224K1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP256K1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000019</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECT113R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000001A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECT113R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000001B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECT131R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000001C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SECT131R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SECT163R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SECT193R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SECT193R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000020</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SECT239K1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000021</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9P192V2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000022</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9P192V3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000023</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9P239V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000024</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9P239V2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000025</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9P239V3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000026</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB163V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000027</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB163V2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000028</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB163V3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000029</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB176V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB191V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB191V2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB191V3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB208W1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB239V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB239V2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000030</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB239V3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000031</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB272W1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000032</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB304W1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000033</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB359V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000034</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB368W1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000035</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB431R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000036</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP160R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000037</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP160T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000038</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP192R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000039</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP192T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP224R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP224T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP256R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP256T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP320R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP320T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000040</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP384R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000041</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP384T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000042</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP512R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000043</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP512T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000044</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10020" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497874" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932920" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128911" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307754" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 293: Recommended Curve Enumeration for ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="certificate-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Certificate Type Enumeration</h5>
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<p>The PGP certificate type is deprecated as of version 1.2 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Certificate Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002 (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10051" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497875" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932921" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128912" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307755" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 294: Certificate Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="digital-signature-algorithm-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Digital Signature Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Digital Signature Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">MD2 with RSA Encryption</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">(PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MD5 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-1 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-224 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-256 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-384 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-512 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="font-size:10pt">RSASSA-PSS</span></p><p><span style="font-size:10pt">(PKCS#1 v2.1)</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DSA with SHA-1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DSA with SHA224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DSA with SHA256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA with SHA-1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA with SHA224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA with SHA256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA with SHA384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA with SHA512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-256 with RSA Encryption</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-384 with RSA Encryption</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-512 with RSA Encryption</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932922" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128913" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307756" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 295: Digital Signature Algorithm Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="split-key-method-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Split Key Method Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Split Key Method</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XOR</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Polynomial Sharing GF (2<sup>16</sup>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Polynomial Sharing Prime Field</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Polynomial Sharing GF (2</span><sup>8</sup><span style="font-size:10pt">)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10088" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497876" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932923" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128914" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307757" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 296: Split Key Method Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="secret-data-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Secret Data Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Secret Data Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Seed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10119" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497877" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932924" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128915" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307758" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 297: Secret Data Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="opaque-data-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Opaque Data Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Opaque Data Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10138" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497878" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932925" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128916" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307759" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 298: Opaque Data Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="name-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Name Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Uninterpreted Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10169" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497879" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932926" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128917" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307760" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 299: Name Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="object-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Object Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006 (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10242" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497880" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932927" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128918" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307761" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 300: Object Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Cryptographic Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Cryptographic Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DES</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">3DES</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">AES</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RSA</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DSA</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-MD5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECMQV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Blowfish</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Camellia</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CAST5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IDEA</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MARS</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RC2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RC4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RC5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SKIPJACK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Twofish</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000019</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">One Time Pad</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ChaCha20</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Poly1305</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ChaCha20Poly1305</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000020</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000021</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000022</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA3-224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000023</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA3-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000024</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA3-384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000025</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA3-512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000026</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHAKE-128</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000027</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHAKE-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000028</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10333" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497881" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932928" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128919" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307762" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 301: Cryptographic Algorithm Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="block-cipher-mode-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Block Cipher Mode Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Block Cipher Mode</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CBC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECB</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PCBC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CFB</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">OFB</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CTR</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CMAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CCM</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">GCM</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CBC-MAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XTS</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">AESKeyWrapPadding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NISTKeyWrap</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X9.102 AESKW</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X9.102 TDKW</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X9.102 AKW1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X9.102 AKW2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">AEAD</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10418" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497882" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932929" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128920" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307763" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 302: Block Cipher Mode Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="padding-method-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Padding Method Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Padding Method</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">None</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">OAEP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SSL3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Zeros</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSI X9.23</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO 10126</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS1 v1.5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X9.31</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PSS</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10485" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497883" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932930" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128921" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307764" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 303: Padding Method Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="hashing-algorithm-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Hashing Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Hashing Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MD2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MD4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MD5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RIPEMD-160</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tiger</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Whirlpool</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-512/224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-512/256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-3-224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-3-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-3-384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-3-512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10552" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497884" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932931" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128922" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307765" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 304: Hashing Algorithm Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="key-role-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Role Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.8289%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5946" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Role Type</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BDK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CVK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DEK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKSMC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKSMI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKDAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKDN</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKCP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKOTH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">KEK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC16609</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97971</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97972</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97973</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97974</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97975</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ZPK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKIBM</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKPVV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKOTH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DUKPT</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">TRKBK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10655" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497885" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932932" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128923" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307766" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 305: Key Role Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<p>Note that while the set and definitions of key role types are chosen to match <a href="#TR31"><strong>[X9 TR-31]</strong></a> there is no necessity to match binary representations.</p>
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<h5 id="state-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">State Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>State</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Pre-Active</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Active</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromised</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroyed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroyed Compromised</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10710" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497886" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932933" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128924" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307767" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 306: State Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="revocation-reason-code-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Revocation Reason Code Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Revocation Reason Code</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Compromise</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">CA Compromise</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Affiliation Changed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Superseded</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Cessation of Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Privilege Withdrawn</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10783" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497887" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932934" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128925" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307768" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 307: Revocation Reason Code Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="link-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Link Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Link Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000101</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000102</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000103</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Base Object Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000104</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derived Key Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000105</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replacement Object Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000106</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replaced Object Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000107</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Parent Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000108</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Child Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000109</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Previous Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000010A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Next Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000010B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#12 Certificate Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000010C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#12 Password Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000010D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497888" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932935" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128926" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307769" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 308: Link Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="derivation-method-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Derivation Method Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Derivation Method</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PBKDF2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HASH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ENCRYPT</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NIST800-108-C</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NIST800-108-F</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NIST800-108-DPI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10906" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497889" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932936" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128927" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307770" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 309: Derivation Method Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="certificate-request-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Certificate Request Type Enumeration</h5>
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<p>The PGP certificate request type is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Certificate Request Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CRMF</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#10</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PEM</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004 (deprecated)</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10943" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497890" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932937" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128928" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307771" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 310: Certificate Request Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="validity-indicator-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Validity Indicator Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Validity Indicator</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Valid</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Invalid</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unknown</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc10980" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497891" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932938" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128929" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307772" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 311: Validity Indicator Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="query-function-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Query Function Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.8182%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5945" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Query Function</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Operations</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Objects</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Server Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Application Namespaces</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Extension List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Extension Map</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Attestation Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query RNGs</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Validations</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Profiles</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Capabilities</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Client Registration Methods</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11017" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497892" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932939" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128930" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307773" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 312: Query Function Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="cancellation-result-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Cancellation Result Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Cancellation Result</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Canceled</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unable to Cancel</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Completed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Failed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unavailable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11066" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497893" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932940" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128931" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307774" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 313: Cancellation Result Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="put-function-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Put Function Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Put Function</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">New</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replace</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11097" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497894" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932941" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128932" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307775" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 314: Put Function Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="operation-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Operation Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Operation</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derive Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-certify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Locate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Check</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Obtain Lease</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Usage Allocation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recover</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cancel</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000019</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Poll</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Notify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Put</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Discover Versions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Decrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000020</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000021</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Signature Verify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000022</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000023</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC Verify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000024</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Retrieve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000025</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Seed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000026</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hash</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000027</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000028</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Join Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000029</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Import</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Export</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11284" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497895" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932942" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128933" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307776" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 315: Operation Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="result-status-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Result Status Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Result Status</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Success</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000000</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Failed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Pending</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Undone</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11327" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497896" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932943" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128934" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307777" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 316: Result Status Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="result-reason-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Result Reason Enumeration </h5>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Result Reason</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Item Not Found</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Too Large</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authentication Not Successful</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Invalid Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Not Supported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Missing Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Invalid Field</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Feature Not Supported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Canceled By Requester</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Failure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Illegal Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Permission Denied</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object archived</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Index Out of Bounds</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Namespace Not Supported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type Not Supported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Compression Type Not Supported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding Option Error</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Not Present</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Required</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Failed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sensitive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not Extractable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Already Exists</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">General Failure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000100</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11430" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497897" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932944" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128935" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307778" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 317: Result Reason Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Batch Error Continuation Option Enumeration</h5>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7219%"/><col style="width:31.8824%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5947" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Batch Error Continuation</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Continue</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Stop</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Undo</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11467" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497898" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932945" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128936" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307779" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 318: Batch Error Continuation Option Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="usage-limits-unit-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Usage Limits Unit Enumeration</h5>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7219%"/><col style="width:31.8824%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5947" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Usage Limits Unit</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932946" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128937" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307780" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 319: Usage Limits Unit Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="encoding-option-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Encoding Option Enumeration</h5>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7219%"/><col style="width:31.8824%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5947" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Encoding Option</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">TTLV Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932947" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128938" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307781" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 320: Encoding Option Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="object-group-member-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Object Group Member Enumeration</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7219%"/><col style="width:31.8824%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5947" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object Group Member Option</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Group Member Fresh</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Group Member Default</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932948" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128939" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307782" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 321: Object Group Member Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="alternative-name-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Alternative Name Type Enumeration</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Alternative Name Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Uninterpreted Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Email Address</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DNS Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.500 Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IP Address</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128940" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307783" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 322: Alternative Name Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="key-value-location-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Value Location Type Enumeration</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Key Value Location Type</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Uninterpreted Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128941" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307784" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 323: Key Value Location Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="attestation-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Attestation Type Enumeration</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Attestation Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">TPM Quote</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">TCG Integrity Report</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SAML Assertion</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128942" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307785" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 324: Attestation Type Enumeration</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h5 id="rng-algorithm-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">RNG Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>RNG Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">FIPS 186-2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DRBG</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NRBG</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSI X9.31</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSI X9.62</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: the user should be aware that a number of these algorithms are no longer recommended for general use and/or are deprecated. They are included for completeness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="drbg-algorithm-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">DRBG Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>DRBG Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Dual-EC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hash</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CTR</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="fips186-variation-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">FIPS186 Variation Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>FIPS186 Variation</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">GP x-Original</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">GP x-Change Notice</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x-Original</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x-Change Notice</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">k-Original</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">k-Change Notice</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>Note: the user should be aware that a number of these algorithms are no longer recommended for general use and/or are deprecated. They are included for completeness.</p>
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<h5 id="validation-authority-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Validation Authority Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Validation Authority Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NIST CMVP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Criteria</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p><span id="_Ref409722790" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span></p>
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<h5 id="validation-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Validation Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Validation Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hardware</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Software</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Firmware</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hybrid</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="3956" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc240610035"></span></p>
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<h5 id="profile-name-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Profile Name Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:50.0642%"/><col style="width:13.4866%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Profile Name Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server Basic KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client Basic KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server Basic KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000019</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000020</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000021</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000022</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000023</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000024</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000025</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000026</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000027</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000028</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000029</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000030</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000031</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000032</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000033</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000034</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000035</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000036</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000037</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000038</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000039</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000040</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000041</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000042</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000043</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000044</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000045</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000046</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000047</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000048</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000049</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000050</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000051</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000052</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000053</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000054</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server Basic KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000055</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000056</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client Basic KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000057</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000058</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server Basic KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000059</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000060</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000061</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000062</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000063</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000064</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000065</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000066</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000067</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000068</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000069</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000070</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000071</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000072</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000073</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000074</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000075</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000076</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000077</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000078</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server Basic KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000079</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client Basic KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server Basic KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000080</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000081</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000082</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000083</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000084</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000085</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000086</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000087</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000088</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000089</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008D</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008E</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008F</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000090</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000091</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000092</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000093</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000094</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000095</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000096</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000097</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000098</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000099</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000009A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000009B</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000009C</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h5 id="unwrap-mode-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Unwrap Mode Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Unwrap Mode</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Processed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not Processed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h5 id="destroy-action-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Destroy Action Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Destroy Action Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material Deleted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material Shredded</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Meta Data Deleted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Meta Data Shredded</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deleted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Shredded</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h5 id="shredding-algorithm-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Shredding Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Shredding Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unsupported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h5 id="rng-mode-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">RNG Mode Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>RNG Mode</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Shared Instantiation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Non-Shared Instantiation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h5 id="client-registration-method-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Client Registration Method Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Client Registration Method</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Pre-Generated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server On-Demand</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Generated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Registered</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h5 id="key-wrap-type-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Key Wrap Type Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Key Wrap Type</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not Wrapped</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">As Registered</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h5 id="mask-generator-enumeration" style="margin-top:12pt">Mask Generator Enumeration</h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7754%"/><col style="width:31.7754%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Mask Generator</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MGF1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h4 id="bit-masks" style="margin-top:12pt">Bit Masks</h4>
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<h5 id="cryptographic-usage-mask-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask </h5>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.8182%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5945" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Cryptographic Usage Mask</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Verify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Decrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrap Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unwrap Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000020</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Export</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000040</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC Generate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000080</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">MAC Verify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000100</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derive Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000200</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Content Commitment</span></p><p><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">(Non Repudiation)</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000400</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Agreement</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000800</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00001000</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">CRL Sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00002000</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Generate Cryptogram</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00004000</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Validate Cryptogram</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00008000</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Translate Encrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00010000</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Translate Decrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00020000</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Translate Wrap</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00040000</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Translate Unwrap</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00080000</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XXX00000</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310932949" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128943" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307786" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497899" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 325: Cryptographic Usage Mask </p></figcaption></figure>
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<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This list takes into consideration values which MAY appear in the Key Usage extension in an X.509 certificate.</p>
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<h5 id="storage-status-mask" style="margin-top:12pt">Storage Status Mask</h5>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.7647%"/><col style="width:31.7861%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Storage Status Mask</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">On-line storage</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archival storage</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XXXXXXX0</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11603" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497900" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932950" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128944" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307787" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 326: Storage Status Mask</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h1 id="transport" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Transport</h1>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4029" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_toc11613"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4029"></span>KMIP Servers and Clients SHALL establish and maintain channel confidentiality and integrity, and provide assurance of authenticity for KMIP messaging as specified in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>. <span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4030" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997169"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4031" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997170"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4032" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997172"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4033" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997173"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4034" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997174"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4035" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997175"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4036" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997176"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4037" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997177"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4038" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997179"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4039" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997180"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4040" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997181"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4041" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997182"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4042" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997184"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4043" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997185"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4044" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997187"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4045" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997188"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4046" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997189"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4047" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997194"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4048" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997196"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4049" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Toc241997207"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4030"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4031"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4032"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4033"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4034"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4035"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4036"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4037"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4038"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4039"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4040"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4041"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4042"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4043"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4044"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4045"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4046"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4047"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4048"></span><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4049"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="error-handling" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Error Handling</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This section details the specific Result Reasons that SHALL be returned for errors detected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="general" style="margin-top:12pt">General</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-start" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4078" data-pandoc-bookmark-name="_Ref202252496"></span>These errors <span class="pandoc-openxml-bookmark-end" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml" data-pandoc-bookmark-id="4078"></span>MAY occur when any protocol message is received by the server or client (in response to server-to-client operations).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:31.3597%"/><col style="width:33.3405%"/><col style="width:29.2934%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Action</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Protocol major version mismatch</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Response message containing a header and a Batch Item without Operation, but with the Result Status field set to Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Error parsing batch item or payload within batch item</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Batch item fails; Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The same field is contained in a header/batch item/payload more than once</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Same major version, different minor versions; unknown fields/fields the server does not understand</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Ignore unknown fields, process rest normally</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Same major &amp; minor version, unknown field</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Client is not allowed to perform the specified operation</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Maximum Response Size has been exceeded</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Response Too Large</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Server does not support operation</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Criticality Indicator in a Message Extension structure is set to True, but the server does not understand the extension</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Feature Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message cannot be parsed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Response message containing a header and a Batch Item without Operation, but with the Result Status field set to Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation requires attestation data which was not provided by the client, and the client has set the Attestation Capable indicator to True</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attestation Required</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation requires attestation data which was not provided by the client, and the client has set the Attestation Capable indicator to False</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation requires attestation data and the attestation data provided by the client does not validate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attestation Failed</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11702" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497901" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932951" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128945" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307788" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 327: General Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="create-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Create</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.5396%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.4261%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Error creating cryptographic object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11760" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497902" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932952" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128946" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307789" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 328: Create Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="create-key-pair-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Create Key Pair</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.5396%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.4261%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Error creating cryptographic object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">REQUIRED field(s) missing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11818" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497903" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932953" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128947" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307790" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 329: Create Key Pair Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="register-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Register</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.6253%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.5011%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type does not match type of cryptographic object provided</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to register a new Template object containing a Name attribute with the Template structure</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to register a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification contains attribute names</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Format Type is PKCS#12, but missing or multiple PKCS#12 Password Links</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Key Format Type is PKCS#12, but</p><p>PKCS#12 Password Link does not</p><p>contain the Unique Identifier of a</p><p>Secret Data object or the Secret Data Type is not Password.</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11877" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497904" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932954" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128948" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307791" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 330: Register Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="re-key-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Re-key</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be re-keyed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Offset field is not permitted to be specified at the same time as any of the Activation Date, Process Start Date, Protect Stop Date, or Deactivation Date attributes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during re-key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An offset cannot be used to specify new Process Start, Protect Stop and/or Deactivation Date attribute values since no Activation Date has been specified for the existing key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc11935" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497905" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932955" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128949" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307792" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 331: Re-key Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="re-key-key-pair-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Re-key Key Pair</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="width:466.25pt; border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be re-keyed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Offset field is not permitted to be specified at the same time as any of the Activation Date or Deactivation Date attributes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during re-key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An offset cannot be used to specify new Process Start, Protect Stop and/or Deactivation Date attribute values since no Activation Date has been specified for the existing key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc310843134" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932956" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128950" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307793" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 332: Re-key Key Pair Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="derive-key-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Derive Key</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.5601%"/><col style="width:0.5901%"/><col style="width:30.3112%"/><col style="width:0.5901%"/><col style="width:28.5622%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the objects specified do not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the objects specified are not of the correct type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Derivation Method</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Derivation Parameters</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Ambiguous derivation data provided both with Derivation Data and Secret Data object.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the specified objects are not able to be used to derive a new key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to derive a new key with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the objects is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The specified length exceeds the output of the derivation method or other cryptographic error during derivation.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12038" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497906" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932957" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128951" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307794" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="Ref_certify%20errors" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 333: Derive Key Errors-</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="certify-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Certify</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.7645%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.6403%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be certified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Certificate Request does not contain a signed certificate request of the specified Certificate Request Type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12096" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497907" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932958" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128952" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307795" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 334: Certify Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="re-certify-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Re-certify</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.7645%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.6403%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be certified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Certificate Request does not contain a signed certificate request of the specified Certificate Request Type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Offset field is not permitted to be specified at the same time as any of the Activation Date or Deactivation Date attributes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12163" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497908" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932959" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128953" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307796" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 335: Re-certify Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="locate-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Locate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.2184%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.1049%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2625" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Non-existing attributes, attributes that the server does not understand or templates that do not exist are given in the request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2625" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12185" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497909" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932960" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128954" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307797" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 336: Locate Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="check-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Check</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.2398%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.1156%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object does not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Check cannot be performed on this object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The client is not allowed to use the object according to the specified attributes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12216" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497910" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932961" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128955" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307798" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 337: Check Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="get-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Get</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.2398%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.1156%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object does not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Wrapping key does not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with Encryption Key Information exists, but it is not a key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with Encryption Key Information exists, but it is not able to be used for wrapping</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not a key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not able to be used for MACing/signing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists and is not a Template, but the server only has attributes for this object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters associated with the object do not exist or do not match those provided in the Encryption Key Information and/or Signature Key Information</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Encoding Option</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification contains attribute names</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Wrap Type is not supported by the server.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Not Supported.</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is Sensitive</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Sensitive</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is not Extractable</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Not Extractble</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12310" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497911" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932962" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128956" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307799" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 338: Get Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="get-attributes-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Get Attributes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.8287%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.7045%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The same Attribute Name is present more than once</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12341" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497912" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932963" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128957" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307800" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 339: Get Attributes Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="get-attribute-list-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Get Attribute List</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.8287%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.7045%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12372" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497913" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932964" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128958" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307801" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 340: Get Attribute List Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="add-attribute-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Add Attribute</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.9143%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.7901%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attempt to add a read-only attribute</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attempt to add an attribute that is not supported for this object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The specified attribute already exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">New attribute contains Attribute Index</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to add a Name attribute with the same value that another object already has</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to add a new instance to an attribute with multiple instances but the server limit on instances has been reached</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12439" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497914" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932965" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128959" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307802" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 341: Add Attribute Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="modify-attribute-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Modify Attribute</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.7002%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.5867%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A specified attribute does not exist (i.e., it needs to first be added)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No matching attribute instance exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The specified attribute is read-only</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set the Name attribute value to a value already used by another object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12506" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497915" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932966" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128960" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307803" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 342: Modify Attribute Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="delete-attribute-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Delete Attribute</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.8394%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.7259%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attempt to delete a read-only/REQUIRED attribute</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No matching attribute instance exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No attribute with the specified name exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12564" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497916" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932967" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128961" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307804" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 343: Delete Attribute Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="obtain-lease-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Obtain Lease</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.9786%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.8544%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3734" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2695" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3734" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2695" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3734" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The server determines that a new lease is not permitted to be issued for the specified cryptographic object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2695" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3734" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2695" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12604" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497917" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932968" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128962" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307805" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 344: Obtain Lease Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="get-usage-allocation-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Get Usage Allocation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.9358%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.8116%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object has no Usage Limits attribute, or the object is not able to be used for applying cryptographic protection</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No Usage Limits Count is specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The server was not able to grant the requested amount of usage allocation</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12671" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497918" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932969" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128963" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307806" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 345: Get Usage Allocation Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="activate-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Activate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.7859%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.6617%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier specifies a template or other object that is not able to be activated</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is not in Pre-Active state</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12721" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497919" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932970" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128964" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307807" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 346: Activate Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="revoke-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Revoke</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.7859%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.6617%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Revocation Reason is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier specifies a template or other object that is not able to be revoked</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12770" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497920" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932971" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128965" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307808" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 347: Revoke Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="destroy-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Destroy</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.8822%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.758%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists, but has already been destroyed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is not in Pre-Active, Deactivated or Compromised state</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12819" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497921" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932972" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128966" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307809" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 348: Destroy Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="archive-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Archive</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.8822%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.758%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is already archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12850" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497922" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932973" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128967" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307810" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 349: Archive Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="recover-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Recover</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.7645%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.6403%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12872" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497923" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932974" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128968" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307811" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 350: Recover Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="validate-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Validate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.5289%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.4047%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3692" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2653" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3692" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The combination of Certificate Objects and Unique Identifiers does not specify a certificate list</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2653" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3692" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the objects is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2653" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12903" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497924" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932975" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128969" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307812" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 351: Validate Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="query-2" style="margin-top:12pt">Query</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">N/A</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="discover-versions-1" style="margin-top:12pt"> Discover Versions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">N/A</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="cancel-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Cancel</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>N/A</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="poll-1" style="margin-top:12pt"> Poll</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.8501%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.7366%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Asynchronous Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_toc12931" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc236497925" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932976" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128970" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307813" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 352: Poll Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="encrypt-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Encrypt</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for encryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during encryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128971" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307814" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 353: Encrypt Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="decrypt-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Decrypt</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for decryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during decryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128972" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307815" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 354: Decrypt Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="sign-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Sign</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for signing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during signing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128973" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307816" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 355: Sign Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="signature-verify-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Signature Verify</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for signature verification</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during signature verification</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128974" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307817" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 356: Signature Verify Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="mac-1" style="margin-top:12pt">MAC</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for MACing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during MACing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128975" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307818" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 357: MAC Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="mac-verify-1" style="margin-top:12pt">MAC Verify</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for MAC verification</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during MAC verification</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128976" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307819" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 358: MAC Verify Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="rng-retrieve-1" style="margin-top:12pt">RNG Retrieve</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during RNG Retrieve</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128977" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307820" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 359: RNG Retrieve Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="rng-seed-1" style="margin-top:12pt">RNG Seed</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during RNG Seed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128978" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307821" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 360: RNG Seed Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="hash-1" style="margin-top:12pt">HASH</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:40.0642%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.94%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during HASH</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128979" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307822" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 361: HASH Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="create-split-key-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Create Split Key</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.5396%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.4261%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Error creating cryptographic object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key Method not supported</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128980" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307823" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 362: Create Split Key Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="join-split-key-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Join Split Key</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.5396%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.4261%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Error creating cryptographic object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Number of Unique Identifiers given in request is less than Split Key Threshold</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure?</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key Method not supported</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the objects is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128981" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307824" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 363: Join Split Key Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="export-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Export</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.8501%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.7366%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Action</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object does not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Wrapping key does not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Object with Encryption Key Information</p><p>exists, but it is not a key</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with Encryption Key Information exists, but it is not able to be used for wrapping</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not a key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not able to</p><p>be used for MACing/signing</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters associated with the object do not exist or do not match those provided in the Encryption Key Information and/or Signature Key Information</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Encoding Option</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification contains attribute names</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Wrap Type is not supported by the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Not Supported</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="_Toc476128982" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table <span class="docx-field" data-docx-field-instruction="SEQ Table \* ARABIC">364</span>: Export Errors</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="import-1" style="margin-top:12pt">Import</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.6253%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.5011%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique identifier already exists on the server and Replace Existing is false or not specified.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Already Exists</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type does not match type of cryptographic object provided</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to register a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification contains attribute names</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Field is not supported by server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc476128983" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 365: Import Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="batch-items" style="margin-top:12pt">Batch Items</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">These errors MAY occur when a protocol message with one or more batch items is processed by the server. If a message with one or more batch items was parsed correctly, then the response message SHOULD include response(s) to the batch item(s) in the request according to the table below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:39.8501%"/><col style="width:30.8351%"/><col style="width:28.7366%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Action</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Processing of batch item fails with Batch Error Continuation Option set to Stop</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Batch item fails and Result Status is set to Operation Failed. Responses to batch items that have already been processed are returned normally. Responses to batch items that have not been processed are not returned.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">See tables above, referring to the operation being performed in the batch item that failed</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Processing of batch item fails with Batch Error Continuation Option set to Continue</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Batch item fails and Result Status is set to Operation Failed. Responses to other batch items are returned normally.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">See tables above, referring to the operation being performed in the batch item that failed</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Processing of batch item fails with Batch Error Continuation Option set to Undo</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Batch item fails and Result Status is set to Operation Failed. Batch items that had been processed have been undone and their responses are returned with Undone result status.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">See tables above, referring to the operation being performed in the batch item that failed</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497926" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932977" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128984" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307825" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 366: Batch Items Errors</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="kmip-server-and-client-implementation-conformance" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:6pt; break-before:page; page-break-before:always">KMIP Server and Client Implementation Conformance</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="kmip-server-implementation-conformance" style="margin-top:12pt">KMIP Server Implementation Conformance </h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An implementation is a conforming KMIP Server if the implementation meets the conditions specified in one or more server profiles specified in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A KMIP server implementation SHALL be a conforming KMIP Server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If a KMIP server implementation claims support for a particular server profile, then the implementation SHALL conform to all normative statements within the clauses specified for that profile and for any subclauses to each of those clauses.</p>
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<h2 id="kmip-client-implementation-conformance" style="margin-top:12pt">KMIP Client Implementation Conformance</h2>
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<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An implementation is a conforming KMIP Client if the implementation meets the conditions specified in one or more client profiles specified in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A KMIP client implementation SHALL be a conforming KMIP Client.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If a KMIP client implementation claims support for a particular client profile, then the implementation SHALL conform to all normative statements within the clauses specified for that profile and for any subclauses to each of those clauses.</p>
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<h1 id="acknowledgments" class="AppendixHeading1" style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt">Acknowledgments</h1>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following individuals have participated in the creation of this specification and are gratefully acknowledged:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Participants:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Anthony Berglas, Cryptsoft</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Justin Corlett, Cryptsoft</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Tony Cox, Cryptsoft</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Tim Hudson, Cryptsoft</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Bruce Rich, Cryptsoft</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Greg Scott, Cryptsoft</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Magda Zdunkiewicz, Cryptsoft</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Judith Furlong, Dell</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Michael Phillips, Dell</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Lina Baquero, Fornetix</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Jeff Bartell, Fornetix</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Stephen Edwards, Fornetix</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Gary Gardner, Fornetix</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Heather Stevens, Fornetix</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Gerald Stueve, Fornetix</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Charles White, Fornetix</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Alex Downey, Futurex</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Hannah Lee, Hancom Secure, Inc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Indra Fitzgerald, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Christopher Hillier, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Matt Suh, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Nathan Turajski, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Steve Wierenga, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Rinkesh Bansal, IBM</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Mathias Bjorkqvist, IBM</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Kevin Driver, IBM</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Prashant Mestri, IBM</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Krishna Yellepeddy, IBM</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Andre Bereza, KRYPTUS</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Tim Chevalier, NetApp</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Hai-May Chao, Oracle</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Valerie Fenwick, Oracle</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Susan Gleeson, Oracle</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Hal Lockhart, Oracle</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Saikat Saha, Oracle</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Radhika Siravara, Oracle</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Mark Joseph, P6R, Inc</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Jim Susoy, P6R, Inc</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">John Leiseboer, QuintessenceLabs Pty Ltd.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">David Featherstone, SafeNet, Inc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Joseph Brand, Semper Fortis Solutions</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Chris Skiscim, Semper Fortis Solutions</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Kathy Kriese, Symantec Corp.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Robert Lockhart, Thales e-Security</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Steve He, Vormetric, Inc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Peter Tsai, Vormetric, Inc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-left:0pt; margin-bottom:4pt; text-indent:36pt">Joshua Zhu, Vormetric, Inc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="attribute-cross-reference" class="AppendixHeading1" style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt">Attribute Cross-Reference</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following table of Attribute names indicates the Managed Object(s) for which each attribute applies. This table is not normative.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="width:419.75pt; border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:44.7896%"/><col style="width:4.9407%"/><col style="width:5.0378%"/><col style="width:5.0378%"/><col style="width:4.9515%"/><col style="width:4.9515%"/><col style="width:4.9515%"/><col style="width:4.9515%"/><col style="width:5.1241%"/><col style="width:5.8252%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-vmerge="restart" data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Attribute Name</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="4243" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="9" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Managed Object</strong></span></th></tr><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Certificate</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Symmetric Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Public Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Private Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Split Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Template</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Secret Data</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Opaque Object</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>PGP Key</strong></span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Domain Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Policy Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fresh</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Specific Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contact Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Custom Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Present</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Original Creation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497927" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932978" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128985" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307826" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 367: Attribute Cross-reference</p></figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="tag-cross-reference" class="AppendixHeading1" style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt">Tag Cross-Reference</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This table is not normative.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:35.1233%"/><col style="width:23.1404%"/><col style="width:18.403%"/><col style="width:23.3119%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Defined</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Type</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Notes</strong></span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#activation-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.24</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#application-specific-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Namespace</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#application-specific-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Specific Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#application-specific-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#archive-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.32</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#asynchronous-indicator"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Index</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">*</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">type varies</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authentication</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#authentication"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#batch-count"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Error Continuation Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.13</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.30</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#batch-item"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.15</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Order Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#batch-order-option"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.12</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Block Cipher Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#block-cipher-mode-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cancellation Result</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cancel"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.27</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#cancellation-result-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.25</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-issuer"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.15</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-issuer"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.15</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certify"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#re-certify"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certify"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#re-certify"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.8</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.1</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#certificate-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.8</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt"> , </span><a href="#certificate-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.29</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#compromise-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.30</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contact Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#contact-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.37</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#credential-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">*</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">type varies</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Criticality Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">CRT Coefficient</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask-1"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Bit mask</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Custom Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#custom-attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.39</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">*</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">type varies</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#deactivation-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.27</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#derivation-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#destroy-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.28</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#digest"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.17</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#digest"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.17</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#key-wrapping-specification"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#encoding-option-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.32</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Tag</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#defined-values"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fresh</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#fresh"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.34</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#digest"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.17</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#initial-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initialization Vector</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.12</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.12</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Iteration Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV/Counter/Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">J</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Compression Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String / Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Part Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Role Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#key-role-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.17</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String / Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Specification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-specification"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#lease-time"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Interval</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#link-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Linked Object Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Machine Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#locate"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Response Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#maximum-response-size"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Media Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modulus</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#name-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Network Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#object-group"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.33</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group Member</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#locate"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#object-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.12</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#re-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#re-certify"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Interval</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.8</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#opaque-data-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.10</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#operation"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.2</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#operation-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.27</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Policy Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#operation-policy-name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.18</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Padding Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#padding-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.15</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Field Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#private-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#create-key-pair"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#process-start-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.25</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#protect-stop-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.26</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Major</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Minor</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#public-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#create-key-pair"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Put Function</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#put"><span style="font-size:10pt">5.2</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#put-function-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.26</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Qlength</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Function</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#query"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.25</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#query-function-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.24</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replaced Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#put"><span style="font-size:10pt">5.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#message-structure"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#client-to-server-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#server-to-client-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">5</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#message-structure"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#client-to-server-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#result-message"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#result-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.10</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#result-reason-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.29</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Status</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#result-status"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.9</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#result-status-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.28</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason Code</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#revocation-reason-code-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Salt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#secret-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#secret-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#secret-data-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#query"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.25</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">contents vendor-specific</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#split-key-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Parts</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Threshold</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">State</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#state"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.22</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#state-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.18</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Status Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#locate"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.9</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#storage-status-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Bit mask</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#symmetric-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#template"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Time Stamp</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#time-stamp"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent*</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Batch Item ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#unique-batch-item-id"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Username</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Long Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Total</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Long Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Unit</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#validate"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.24</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#validate"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.24</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">contents vendor-specific</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Identification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#query"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.25</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrapping Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#wrapping-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">X</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.12</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497928" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932979" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128986" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307827" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 368: Tag Cross-reference</p></figcaption></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="operations-and-object-cross-reference" class="AppendixHeading1" style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt">Operations and Object Cross-Reference</h1>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following table indicates the types of Managed Object(s) that each Operation accepts as input or provides as output. This table is not normative.</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="width:477.9pt; border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt"><colgroup><col style="width:18.0791%"/><col style="width:8.8826%"/><col style="width:8.8931%"/><col style="width:7.7631%"/><col style="width:7.7631%"/><col style="width:8.8931%"/><col style="width:7.7631%"/><col style="width:7.7631%"/><col style="width:8.8931%"/><col style="width:15.3065%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-vmerge="restart" data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Operation</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="7830" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="9" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Managed Objects</strong></span></th></tr><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Certificate</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Symmetric Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Public Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Private Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Split Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Template</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Secret Data</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Opaque Object</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>PGP Key</strong></span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Create</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Create Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Register</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Re-key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Re-key Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Derive Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certify</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Re-certify</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Locate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Check</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Get</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Obtain Lease</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Get Usage Allocation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Activate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Revoke</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Archive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Recover</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Validate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Query</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cancel</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Poll</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Notify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Put</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Discover Versions</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption docx-table-caption" data-docx-table-caption-source="following-table"><p><span id="_Toc236497929" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc310932980" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc476128987" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span id="_Toc467307828" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span>Table 369: Operation and Object Cross-reference</p></figcaption></figure>
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<h1 id="acronyms" class="AppendixHeading1" style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt">Acronyms</h1>
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<p>The following abbreviations and acronyms are used in this document:</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table align="center" style="border-color:#000000; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt"><colgroup><col style="width:12.4059%"/><col style="width:87.5941%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Item</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Description</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">3DES</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Triple Data Encryption Standard specified in ANSI X9.52</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">AES</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Advanced Encryption Standard specified in <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>FIPS 197</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ASN.1</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Abstract Syntax Notation One specified in ITU-T X.680</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">BDK</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Base Derivation Key specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certification Authority</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CBC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cipher Block Chaining</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CCM</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Counter with CBC-MAC specified in <a href="#SP800_38C"><strong>[SP800-38C]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CFB</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cipher Feedback specified in <a href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CMAC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cipher-based MAC specified in <a href="#SP800_38B"><strong>[SP800-38B]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CMC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate Management Messages over CMS specified in <a href="#RFC5272"><strong>[RFC5272]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CMP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate Management Protocol specified in <a href="#RFC4210"><strong>[RFC4210]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CPU</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Central Processing Unit</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CRL</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate Revocation List specified in <a href="#RFC5280"><strong>[RFC5280]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CRMF</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate Request Message Format specified in <a href="#RFC4211"><strong>[RFC4211]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CRT</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Chinese Remainder Theorem</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CTR</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Counter specified in <a href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CVK</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Card Verification Key specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DEK</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data Encryption Key</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DER</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Distinguished Encoding Rules specified in ITU-T X.690</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DES</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data Encryption Standard specified in FIPS 46-3</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DH</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Diffie-Hellman specified in ANSI X9.42</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DNS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Domain Name Server</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DSA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digital Signature Algorithm specified in FIPS 186-3</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DSKPP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Dynamic Symmetric Key Provisioning Protocol</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ECB</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Electronic Code Book</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ECDH</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman specified in <a href="#X9_63"><strong>[X9.63]</strong></a><a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ECDSA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm specified in <a href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ECMQV</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Elliptic Curve Menezes Qu Vanstone specified in <a href="#X9_63"><strong>[X9.63]</strong></a><a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">FFC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Finite Field Cryptography</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">FIPS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Federal Information Processing Standard</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">GCM</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Galois/Counter Mode specified in <a href="#SP800_38D"><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">GF</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Galois field (or finite field)</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">HMAC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code specified in <a href="#FIPS198_1"><strong>[FIPS198-1]</strong></a><a href="#RFC2104"><strong>[RFC2104]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">HTTP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Hyper Text Transfer Protocol</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">HTTP(S)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (Secure socket)</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IEEE</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IETF</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Internet Engineering Task Force</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Internet Protocol</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IPsec</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Internet Protocol Security</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IV</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initialization Vector</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">KEK</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Encryption Key</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">KMIP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Management Interoperability Protocol</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MAC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message Authentication Code</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKAC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Application Cryptograms specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKCP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Card Personalization specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKDAC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Data Authentication Code specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKDN</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Dynamic Numbers specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKOTH</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Other specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKSMC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Confidentiality specified in X9 TR-31</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKSMI</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Integrity specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MD2</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message Digest 2 Algorithm specified in <strong>[RFC1319]</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MD4</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message Digest 4 Algorithm specified in <a href="#RFC1320"><strong>[RFC1320]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MD5</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message Digest 5 Algorithm specified in <a href="#RFC1321"><strong>[RFC1321]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">NIST</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">National Institute of Standards and Technology</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">OAEP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Optimal Asymmetric Encryption Padding specified in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">OFB</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Output Feedback specified in <a href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PBKDF2</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2 specified in <a href="#RFC2898"><strong>[RFC2898]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PCBC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Propagating Cipher Block Chaining</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PEM</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Privacy Enhanced Mail specified in <a href="#RFC1421"><strong>[RFC1421]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PGP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">OpenPGP specified in <a href="#RFC4880"><strong>[RFC4880]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public-Key Cryptography Standards</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#1</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA Cryptography Specification Version 2.1 specified in <a href="#RFC3447"><strong>[RFC3447]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#5</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Password-Based Cryptography Specification Version 2 specified in <a href="#RFC2898"><strong>[RFC2898]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#8</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Private-Key Information Syntax Specification Version 1.2 specified in <strong>[RFC5208]</strong> <strong>[RFC5958]</strong></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#10</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certification Request Syntax Specification Version 1.7 specified in <a href="#RFC2986"><strong>[RFC2986]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#11</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Token Interface Standard</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#12</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Personal Information Exchange Syntax</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">POSIX</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Portable Operating System Interface</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RFC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Request for Comments documents of IETF</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Rivest, Shamir, Adelman (an algorithm)</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RNG</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Random Number Generator</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">SCEP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">SCVP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Server-based Certificate Validation Protocol</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">SHA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Secure Hash Algorithm specified in FIPS 180-2</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">SP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Special Publication</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">SSL/TLS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">S/MIME</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">TDEA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">see 3DES</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">TCP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Transport Control Protocol</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">TTLV</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Tag, Type, Length, Value</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">URI</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Uniform Resource Identifier</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">UTC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Coordinated Universal Time</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">UTF-8</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Universal Transformation Format 8-bit specified in <a href="#RFC3629"><strong>[RFC3629]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">XKMS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">XML Key Management Specification</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">XML</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Extensible Markup Language</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">XTS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">XEX Tweakable Block Cipher with Ciphertext Stealing specified in <a href="#SP800_38E"><strong>[SP800-38E]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">X.509</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public Key Certificate specified in <a href="#RFC5280"><strong>[RFC5280]</strong></a></td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ZPK</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PIN Block Encryption Key specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h1 id="list-of-figures-and-tables" class="AppendixHeading1" style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt">List of Figures and Tables</h1>
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<p><a href="#state"><span style="color:#0000ee">Figure 1: Cryptographic Object States and Transitions</span></a> <a href="#_Toc374104146">63</a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><span class="docx-field docx-field-toc docx-generated-field docx-generated-field-toc docx-field-hyperlink docx-field-hide-web-layout" data-docx-field="toc" data-docx-field-instruction="TOC \h \z \c &quot;Table&quot;" data-docx-generated-field-type="table-of-contents" data-docx-field-hyperlink="true" data-docx-field-hide-web-layout="true" data-docx-field-sequence="Table" data-docx-field-target="#_Toc476128619"><a href="#_Toc476128619"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 1: Terminology</span> 14</a></span></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128620"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 2: Attribute Object Structure</span> <span>19</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128621"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 3: Credential Object Structure</span> <span>20</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128622"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 4: Credential Value Structure for the Username and Password Credential</span> <span>20</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128623"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 5: Credential Value Structure for the Device Credential</span> <span>20</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128624"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 6: Credential Value Structure for the Attestation Credential</span> <span>21</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128625"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 7: Key Block Object Structure</span> <span>22</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128626"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 8: Key Value Object Structure</span> <span>23</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128627"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 9: Key Wrapping Data Object Structure</span> <span>24</span></a></p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128628"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 10: Encryption Key Information Object Structure</span> <span>24</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128629"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 11: MAC/Signature Key Information Object Structure</span> <span>25</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128630"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 12: Key Wrapping Specification Object Structure</span> <span>26</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128631"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 13: Parameter mapping.</span> <span>27</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128632"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 14: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent Symmetric Keys</span> <span>27</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128633"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 15: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DSA Private Keys</span> <span>28</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128634"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 16: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DSA Public Keys</span> <span>28</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128635"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 17: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent RSA Private Keys</span> <span>28</span></a></p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128636"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 18: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent RSA Public Keys</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128637"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 19: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DH Private Keys</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128638"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 20: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DH Public Keys</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128639"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 21: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDSA Private Keys</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128640"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 22: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDSA Public Keys</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128641"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 23: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDH Private Keys</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128642"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 24: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDH Public Keys</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128643"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 25: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECMQV Private Keys</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128644"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 26: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECMQV Public Keys</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128645"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 27: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent EC Private Keys</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128646"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 28: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent EC Public Keys</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128647"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 29: Template-Attribute Object Structure</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128648"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 30: Extension Information Structure</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128649"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 31: Data Structure</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128650"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 32: Data Length Structure</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128651"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 33: Signature Data Structure</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128652"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 34: MAC Data Structure</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128653"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 35: Nonce Structure</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128654"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 36: Correlation Value Structure</span> <span>34</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128655"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 37: Init Indicator Structure</span> <span>34</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128656"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 38: Final Indicator Structure</span> <span>34</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128657"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 39: RNG Parameters Structure</span> <span>35</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128658"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 40: Profile Information Structure</span> <span>35</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128659"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 41: Validation Information Structure</span> <span>36</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128660"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 42: Capability Information Structure</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128661"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 43 Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128662"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 44 Authenticated Encryption Tag</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128663"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 45: Certificate Object Structure</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128664"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 46: Symmetric Key Object Structure</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128665"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 47: Public Key Object Structure</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128666"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 48: Private Key Object Structure</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128667"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 49: Split Key Object Structure</span> <span>39</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128668"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 50: Template Object Structure</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128669"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 51: Secret Data Object Structure</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128670"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 52: Opaque Object Structure</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128671"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 53: PGP Key Object Structure</span> <span>41</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128672"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 54: Attribute Rules</span> <span>43</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128673"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 55: Unique Identifier Attribute</span> <span>43</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128674"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 56: Unique Identifier Attribute Rules</span> <span>44</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128675"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 57: Name Attribute Structure</span> <span>44</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128676"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 58: Name Attribute Rules</span> <span>44</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128677"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 59: Object Type Attribute</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128678"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 60: Object Type Attribute Rules</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128679"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 61: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128680"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 62: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute Rules</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128681"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 63: Cryptographic Length Attribute</span> <span>46</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128682"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 64: Cryptographic Length Attribute Rules</span> <span>46</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128683"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 65: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute Structure</span> <span>47</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128684"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 66: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute Rules</span> <span>48</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128685"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 67: Key Role Types</span> <span>48</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128686"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 68: Cryptographic Domain Parameters Attribute Structure</span> <span>49</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128687"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 69: Cryptographic Domain Parameters Attribute Rules</span> <span>49</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128688"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 70: Certificate Type Attribute</span> <span>49</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128689"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 71: Certificate Type Attribute Rules</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128690"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 72: Certificate Length Attribute</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128691"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 73: Certificate Length Attribute Rules</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128692"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 74: X.509 Certificate Identifier Attribute Structure</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128693"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 75: X.509 Certificate Identifier Attribute Rules</span> <span>51</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128694"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 76: X.509 Certificate Subject Attribute Structure</span> <span>51</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128695"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 77: X.509 Certificate Subject Attribute Rules</span> <span>51</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128696"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 78: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute Structure</span> <span>52</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128697"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 79: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules</span> <span>52</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128698"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 80: Certificate Identifier Attribute Structure</span> <span>52</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128699"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 81: Certificate Identifier Attribute Rules</span> <span>53</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128700"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 82: Certificate Subject Attribute Structure</span> <span>53</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128701"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 83: Certificate Subject Attribute Rules</span> <span>53</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128702"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 84: Certificate Issuer Attribute Structure</span> <span>54</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128703"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 85: Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules</span> <span>54</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128704"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 86: Digital Signature Algorithm Attribute</span> <span>54</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128705"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 87: Digital Signature Algorithm Attribute Rules</span> <span>55</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128706"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 88: Digest Attribute Structure</span> <span>55</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128707"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 89: Digest Attribute Rules</span> <span>56</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128708"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 90: Operation Policy Name Attribute</span> <span>56</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128709"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 91: Operation Policy Name Attribute Rules</span> <span>57</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128710"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 92: Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</span> <span>58</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128711"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 93: Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</span> <span>59</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128712"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 94: Default Operation Policy for Private Template Objects</span> <span>59</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128713"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 95: Default Operation Policy for Public Template Objects</span> <span>60</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128714"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 96: X.509 Key Usage to Cryptographic Usage Mask Mapping</span> <span>61</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128715"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 97: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute</span> <span>61</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128716"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 98: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute Rules</span> <span>61</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128717"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 99: Lease Time Attribute</span> <span>62</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128718"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 100: Lease Time Attribute Rules</span> <span>62</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128719"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 101: Usage Limits Attribute Structure</span> <span>62</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128720"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 102: Usage Limits Attribute Rules</span> <span>63</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128721"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 103: State Attribute</span> <span>64</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128722"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 104: State Attribute Rules</span> <span>65</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128723"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 105: Initial Date Attribute</span> <span>65</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128724"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 106: Initial Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>65</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128725"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 107: Activation Date Attribute</span> <span>66</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128726"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 108: Activation Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>66</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128727"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 109: Process Start Date Attribute</span> <span>66</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128728"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 110: Process Start Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>67</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128729"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 111: Protect Stop Date Attribute</span> <span>67</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128730"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 112: Protect Stop Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>67</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128731"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 113: Deactivation Date Attribute</span> <span>68</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128732"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 114: Deactivation Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>68</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128733"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 115: Destroy Date Attribute</span> <span>68</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128734"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 116: Destroy Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128735"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 117: Compromise Occurrence Date Attribute</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128736"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 118: Compromise Occurrence Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128737"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 119: Compromise Date Attribute</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128738"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 120: Compromise Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128739"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 121: Revocation Reason Attribute Structure</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128740"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 122: Revocation Reason Attribute Rules</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128741"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 123: Archive Date Attribute</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128742"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 124: Archive Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128743"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 125: Object Group Attribute</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128744"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 126: Object Group Attribute Rules</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128745"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 127: Fresh Attribute</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128746"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 128: Fresh Attribute Rules</span> <span>72</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128747"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 129: Link Attribute Structure</span> <span>73</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128748"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 130: Link Attribute Structure Rules</span> <span>73</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128749"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 131: Application Specific Information Attribute</span> <span>73</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128750"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 132: Application Specific Information Attribute Rules</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128751"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 133: Contact Information Attribute</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128752"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 134: Contact Information Attribute Rules</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128753"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 135: Last Change Date Attribute</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128754"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 136: Last Change Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>75</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128755"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 137 Custom Attribute</span> <span>75</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128756"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 138: Custom Attribute Rules</span> <span>75</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128757"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 139: Alternative Name Attribute Structure</span> <span>76</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128758"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 140: Alternative Name Attribute Rules</span> <span>76</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128759"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 141: Key Value Present Attribute</span> <span>76</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128760"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 142: Key Value Present Attribute Rules</span> <span>77</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128761"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 143: Key Value Location Attribute</span> <span>77</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128762"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 144: Key Value Location Attribute Rules</span> <span>77</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128763"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 145: Original Creation Date Attribute</span> <span>78</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128764"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 146: Original Creation Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>78</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128765"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 147: Random Number Generator Attribute</span> <span>78</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128766"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 148: Random Number Generator Attribute Rules</span> <span>79</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128767"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 149: PKCS#12 Friendly Name Attribute</span> <span>79</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128768"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 150: Friendly Name Attribute Rules</span> <span>79</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128769"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 151: Description Attribute</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128770"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 152: Description Attribute Rules</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128771"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 153: Comment Attribute</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128772"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 154: Comment Rules</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128773"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 155: Sensitive Attribute</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128774"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 156: Sensitive Attribute Rules</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128775"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 157: Always Sensitive Attribute</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128776"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 158: Always Sensitive Attribute Rules</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128777"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 159: Extractable Attribute</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128778"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 160: Extractable Attribute Rules</span> <span>82</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128779"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 161: Never Extractable Attribute</span> <span>82</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128780"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 162: Never Extractable Attribute Rules</span> <span>82</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128781"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 163: Create Request Payload</span> <span>84</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128782"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 164: Create Response Payload</span> <span>85</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128783"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 165: Create Attribute Requirements</span> <span>85</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128784"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 166: Create Key Pair Request Payload</span> <span>86</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128785"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 167: Create Key Pair Response Payload</span> <span>87</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128786"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 168: Create Key Pair Attribute Requirements</span> <span>88</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128787"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 169: Register Request Payload</span> <span>89</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128788"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 170: Register Response Payload</span> <span>89</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128789"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 171: Register Attribute Requirements</span> <span>90</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128790"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 172: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-key</span> <span>91</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128791"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 173: Re-key Attribute Requirements</span> <span>91</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128792"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 174: Re-key Request Payload</span> <span>92</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128793"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 175: Re-key Response Payload</span> <span>92</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128794"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 176: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-key Key Pair</span> <span>93</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128795"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 177: Re-key Key Pair Attribute Requirements</span> <span>94</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128796"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 178: Re-key Key Pair Request Payload</span> <span>95</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128797"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 179: Re-key Key Pair Response Payload</span> <span>96</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128798"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 180: Derive Key Request Payload</span> <span>97</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128799"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 181: Derive Key Response Payload</span> <span>98</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128800"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 182: Derivation Parameters Structure (Except PBKDF2)</span> <span>98</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128801"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 183: PBKDF2 Derivation Parameters Structure</span> <span>99</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128802"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 184: Certify Request Payload</span> <span>100</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128803"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 185: Certify Response Payload</span> <span>100</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128804"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 186: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-certify</span> <span>101</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128805"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 187: Re-certify Attribute Requirements</span> <span>101</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128806"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 188: Re-certify Request Payload</span> <span>102</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128807"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 189: Re-certify Response Payload</span> <span>102</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128808"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 190: Locate Request Payload</span> <span>104</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128809"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 191: Locate Response Payload</span> <span>104</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128810"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 192: Check Request Payload</span> <span>105</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128811"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 193: Check Response Payload</span> <span>106</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128812"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 194: Get Request Payload</span> <span>107</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128813"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 195: Get Response Payload</span> <span>107</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128814"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 196: Get Attributes Request Payload</span> <span>107</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128815"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 197: Get Attributes Response Payload</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128816"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 198: Get Attribute List Request Payload</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128817"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 199: Get Attribute List Response Payload</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128818"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 200: Add Attribute Request Payload</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128819"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 201: Add Attribute Response Payload</span> <span>109</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128820"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 202: Modify Attribute Request Payload</span> <span>109</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128821"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 203: Modify Attribute Response Payload</span> <span>109</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128822"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 204: Delete Attribute Request Payload</span> <span>110</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128823"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 205: Delete Attribute Response Payload</span> <span>110</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128824"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 206: Obtain Lease Request Payload</span> <span>110</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128825"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 207: Obtain Lease Response Payload</span> <span>111</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128826"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 208: Get Usage Allocation Request Payload</span> <span>111</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128827"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 209: Get Usage Allocation Response Payload</span> <span>111</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128828"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 210: Activate Request Payload</span> <span>112</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128829"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 211: Activate Response Payload</span> <span>112</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128830"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 212: Revoke Request Payload</span> <span>112</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128831"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 213: Revoke Response Payload</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128832"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 214: Destroy Request Payload</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128833"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 215: Destroy Response Payload</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128834"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 216: Archive Request Payload</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128835"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 217: Archive Response Payload</span> <span>114</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128836"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 218: Recover Request Payload</span> <span>114</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128837"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 219: Recover Response Payload</span> <span>114</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128838"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 220: Validate Request Payload</span> <span>115</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128839"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 221: Validate Response Payload</span> <span>115</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128840"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 222: Query Request Payload</span> <span>116</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128841"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 223: Query Response Payload</span> <span>117</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128842"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 224: Discover Versions Request Payload</span> <span>118</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128843"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 225: Discover Versions Response Payload</span> <span>118</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128844"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 226: Cancel Request Payload</span> <span>118</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128845"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 227: Cancel Response Payload</span> <span>118</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128846"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 228: Poll Request Payload</span> <span>119</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128847"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 229: Encrypt Request Payload</span> <span>120</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128848"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 230: Encrypt Response Payload</span> <span>121</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128849"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 231: Decrypt Request Payload</span> <span>122</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128850"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 232: Decrypt Response Payload</span> <span>123</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128851"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 233: Sign Request Payload</span> <span>124</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128852"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 234: Sign Response Payload</span> <span>125</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128853"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 235: Signature Verify Request Payload</span> <span>126</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128854"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 236: Signature Verify Response Payload</span> <span>127</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128855"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 237: MAC Request Payload</span> <span>128</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128856"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 238: MAC Response Payload</span> <span>128</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128857"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 239: MAC Verify Request Payload</span> <span>129</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128858"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 240: MAC Verify Response Payload</span> <span>130</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128859"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 241: RNG Retrieve Request Payload</span> <span>130</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128860"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 242: RNG Retrieve Response Payload</span> <span>130</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128861"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 243: RNG Seed Request Payload</span> <span>131</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128862"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 244: RNG Seed Response Payload</span> <span>131</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128863"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 245: Hash Request Payload</span> <span>131</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128864"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 246: Hash Response Payload</span> <span>132</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128865"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 247: Create Split Key Request Payload</span> <span>132</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128866"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 248: Create Split Key Response Payload</span> <span>133</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128867"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 249: Join Split Key Request Payload</span> <span>133</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128868"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 250: Join Split Key Response Payload</span> <span>133</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128869"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 251: Export Request Payload</span> <span>134</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128870"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 252: Export Response Payload</span> <span>134</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128871"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 253: Export Request Payload</span> <span>135</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128872"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 254: Export Response Payload</span> <span>135</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128873"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 255: Notify Message Payload</span> <span>136</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128874"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 256: Put Message Payload</span> <span>137</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128875"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 257: Query Request Payload</span> <span>138</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128876"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 258: Query Response Payload</span> <span>139</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128877"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 259: Discover Versions Request Payload</span> <span>140</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128878"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 260: Discover Versions Response Payload</span> <span>140</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128879"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 261: Protocol Version Structure in Message Header</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128880"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 262: Operation in Batch Item</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128881"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 263: Maximum Response Size in Message Request Header</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128882"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 264: Unique Batch Item ID in Batch Item</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128883"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 265: Time Stamp in Message Header</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128884"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 266: Authentication Structure in Message Header</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128885"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 267: Asynchronous Indicator in Message Request Header</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128886"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 268: Asynchronous Correlation Value in Response Batch Item</span> <span>143</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128887"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 269: Result Status in Response Batch Item</span> <span>143</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128888"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 270: Result Reason in Response Batch Item</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128889"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 271: Result Message in Response Batch Item</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128890"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 272: Batch Order Option in Message Request Header</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128891"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 273: Batch Error Continuation Option in Message Request Header</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128892"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 274: Batch Count in Message Header</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128893"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 275: Batch Item in Message</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128894"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 276: Message Extension Structure in Batch Item</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128895"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 277: Attestation Capable Indicator in Message Request Header</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128896"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 278: Client Correlation Value in Message Request Header</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128897"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 279: Server Correlation Value in Message Request Header</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128898"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 280: Request Message Structure</span> <span>147</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128899"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 281: Response Message Structure</span> <span>147</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128900"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 282: Request Header Structure</span> <span>148</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128901"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 283: Request Batch Item Structure</span> <span>148</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128902"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 284: Response Header Structure</span> <span>149</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128903"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 285: Response Batch Item Structure</span> <span>149</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128904"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 286: Allowed Item Type Values</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128905"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 287: Allowed Item Length Values</span> <span>152</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128906"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 288: Tag Values</span> <span>162</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128907"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 289: Credential Type Enumeration</span> <span>163</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128908"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 290: Key Compression Type Enumeration</span> <span>163</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128909"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 291: Key Format Type Enumeration</span> <span>164</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128910"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 292: Wrapping Method Enumeration</span> <span>164</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128911"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 293: Recommended Curve Enumeration for ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV</span> <span>166</span></a></p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128912"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 294: Certificate Type Enumeration</span> <span>167</span></a></p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128913"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 295: Digital Signature Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>167</span></a></p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128914"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 296: Split Key Method Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128915"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 297: Secret Data Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128916"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 298: Opaque Data Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128917"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 299: Name Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128918"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 300: Object Type Enumeration</span> <span>169</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128919"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 301: Cryptographic Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>171</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128920"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 302: Block Cipher Mode Enumeration</span> <span>171</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128921"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 303: Padding Method Enumeration</span> <span>172</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128922"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 304: Hashing Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>172</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128923"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 305: Key Role Type Enumeration</span> <span>173</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128924"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 306: State Enumeration</span> <span>174</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128925"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 307: Revocation Reason Code Enumeration</span> <span>174</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128926"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 308: Link Type Enumeration</span> <span>175</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128927"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 309: Derivation Method Enumeration</span> <span>175</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128928"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 310: Certificate Request Type Enumeration</span> <span>175</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128929"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 311: Validity Indicator Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128930"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 312: Query Function Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128931"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 313: Cancellation Result Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128932"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 314: Put Function Enumeration</span> <span>177</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128933"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 315: Operation Enumeration</span> <span>179</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128934"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 316: Result Status Enumeration</span> <span>179</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128935"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 317: Result Reason Enumeration</span> <span>180</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128936"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 318: Batch Error Continuation Option Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128937"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 319: Usage Limits Unit Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128938"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 320: Encoding Option Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128939"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 321: Object Group Member Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128940"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 322: Alternative Name Type Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128941"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 323: Key Value Location Type Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128942"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 324: Attestation Type Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128943"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 325: Cryptographic Usage Mask</span> <span>192</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128944"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 326: Storage Status Mask</span> <span>192</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128945"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 327: General Errors</span> <span>196</span></a></p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128946"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 328: Create Errors</span> <span>196</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128947"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 329: Create Key Pair Errors</span> <span>197</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128948"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 330: Register Errors</span> <span>198</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128949"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 331: Re-key Errors</span> <span>199</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128950"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 332: Re-key Key Pair Errors</span> <span>200</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128951"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 333: Derive Key Errors-</span> <span>201</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128952"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 334: Certify Errors</span> <span>202</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128953"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 335: Re-certify Errors</span> <span>202</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128954"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 336: Locate Errors</span> <span>203</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128955"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 337: Check Errors</span> <span>203</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128956"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 338: Get Errors</span> <span>204</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128957"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 339: Get Attributes Errors</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128958"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 340: Get Attribute List Errors</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128959"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 341: Add Attribute Errors</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128960"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 342: Modify Attribute Errors</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128961"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 343: Delete Attribute Errors</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128962"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 344: Obtain Lease Errors</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128963"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 345: Get Usage Allocation Errors</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128964"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 346: Activate Errors</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128965"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 347: Revoke Errors</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128966"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 348: Destroy Errors</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128967"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 349: Archive Errors</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128968"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 350: Recover Errors</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128969"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 351: Validate Errors</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128970"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 352: Poll Errors</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128971"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 353: Encrypt Errors</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128972"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 354: Decrypt Errors</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128973"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 355: Sign Errors</span> <span>210</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128974"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 356: Signature Verify Errors</span> <span>210</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128975"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 357: MAC Errors</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128976"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 358: MAC Verify Errors</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128977"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 359: RNG Retrieve Errors</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128978"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 360: RNG Seed Errors</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128979"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 361: HASH Errors</span> <span>212</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128980"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 362: Create Split Key Errors</span> <span>212</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128981"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 363: Join Split Key Errors</span> <span>213</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128982"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 364: Export Errors</span> <span>214</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128983"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 365: Import Errors</span> <span>215</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128984"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 366: Batch Items Errors</span> <span>216</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128985"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 367: Attribute Cross-reference</span> <span>220</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128986"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 368: Tag Cross-reference</span> <span>226</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128987"><span style="color:#0000ee">Table 369: Operation and Object Cross-reference</span> <span>228</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<h1 id="revision-history" class="AppendixHeading1" style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt">Revision History</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table width="100%"><colgroup><col style="width:20.3008%"/><col style="width:19.7368%"/><col style="width:18.0451%"/><col style="width:41.9173%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th data-docx-cell-width="1015" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct"><strong>Revision</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="987" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct"><strong>Date</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="902" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct"><strong>Editor</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="2096" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct"><strong>Changes Made</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1015" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">V1.4-cs01</td><td data-docx-cell-width="987" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">18 June 2017</td><td data-docx-cell-width="902" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">Tony Cox</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2096" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">Published Committee Specification</td></tr><tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1015" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">V1.4-cs01-r02</td><td data-docx-cell-width="987" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">21 July 2017</td><td data-docx-cell-width="902" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">Tony Cox</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2096" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct"><p>- Amended publication date</p><p>- Amended document name in footer</p><p>- Corrected incorrect x-refs in sections 4.1-4.8, 4.38 &amp; 4.39</p><p>- Updated Table of Contents</p><p>- Updated Revision History</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
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<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><img src="media/media/image1.png" alt="oasis" data-docx-image-relationship-id="rId9" data-docx-image-name="Picture 1" data-docx-image-id="1" width="2.1215277777777777in" height="0.55625in" data-pandoc-media-source="media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-path="media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1551" data-pandoc-media-sha1="e443a371b57df14b45a598cbdf1feaaa3ffc2f2a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="708690f2c5b279f76322d6ef727b108989322001" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt">Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.4</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt">OASIS Standard</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:12pt">22 November 2017</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12pt">Specification URIs</span></p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">This version:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.docx"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.docx</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE"> (Authoritative)</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.pdf</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Previous version:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.docx"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.docx</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE"> (Authoritative)</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.html</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.pdf</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Latest version:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.docx"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.docx</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE"> </span><span style="color:#403152">(Authoritative)</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.pdf</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Technical Committee:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/"><span style="color:#0000EE">OASIS Key Management Interoperability Protocol (KMIP) TC</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Chairs:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Judith Furlong (<a href="mailto:Judith.Furlong@dell.com"><span style="color:#0000EE">Judith.Furlong@dell.com</span></a>), <a href="http://www.dell.com"><span style="color:#0000EE">Dell</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Tony Cox (<a href="mailto:tony.cox@cryptsoft.com"><span style="color:#0000EE">tony.cox@cryptsoft.com</span></a>), <a href="http://www.cryptsoft.com"><span style="color:#0000EE">Cryptsoft Pty Ltd.</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Editor:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Tony Cox (<a href="mailto:tony.cox@cryptsoft.com"><span style="color:#0000EE">tony.cox@cryptsoft.com</span></a>), <a href="http://www.cryptsoft.com"><span style="color:#0000EE">Cryptsoft Pty Ltd.</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;0&quot; w:name=&quot;RelatedWork&quot;/&gt;</span>Related work<span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;</span>:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">This specification replaces or supersedes:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.0</em>. Edited by Robert Haas and Indra Fitzgerald. 01 October 2010. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.0/os/kmip-spec-1.0-os.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.0/os/kmip-spec-1.0-os.html</span></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.1.</em> Edited by Robert Haas and Indra Fitzgerald. 24 January 2013. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.1/os/kmip-spec-v1.1-os.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.1/os/kmip-spec-v1.1-os.html</span></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.2.</em> Edited by Kiran Thota and Kelley Burgin. 19 May 2015. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.2/os/kmip-spec-v1.2-os.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.2/os/kmip-spec-v1.2-os.html</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.3</em>. Edited by Kiran Thota and Tony Cox. 27 December 2016. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.3/os/kmip-spec-v1.3-os.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.3/os/kmip-spec-v1.3-os.html</span></a>.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">This specification is related to:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Profiles Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Robert Lockhart. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html</span></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Test Cases Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Mark Joseph. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html</span></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Usage Guide Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Judith Furlong. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html</span></a>.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Abstract:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">This document is intended for developers and architects who wish to design systems and applications that interoperate using the Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Status:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">This document was last revised or approved by the Members of OASIS on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the “Latest version” location noted above for possible later revisions of this document. Any other numbered Versions and other technical work produced by the Technical Committee (TC) are listed at <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=kmip#technical"><span style="color:#0000EE">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=kmip#technical</span></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">TC members should send comments on this specification to the TC’s email list. Others should send comments to the TC’s public comment list, after subscribing to it by following the instructions at the “<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=kmip"><span style="color:#0000EE">Send A Comment</span></a>” button on the TC’s web page at <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/"><span style="color:#0000EE">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/</span></a><span style="color:#000000">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">This OASIS Standard is provided under the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr#RF-on-RAND-Mode"><span style="color:#0000EE">RF on RAND Terms</span></a> Mode of the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr"><span style="color:#0000EE">OASIS IPR Policy</span></a>, the mode chosen when the Technical Committee was established. For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property Rights section of the TC’s web page (<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php"><span style="color:#0000EE">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php</span></a>).</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Note that any machine-readable content (<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/tc-process#wpComponentsCompLang"><span style="color:#0000EE">Computer Language Definitions</span></a>) declared Normative for this Work Product is provided in separate plain text files. In the event of a discrepancy between any such plain text file and display content in the Work Product&#039;s prose narrative document(s), the content in the separate plain text file prevails.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Citation format:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">When referencing this specification the following citation format should be used:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><strong>[kmip-spec-v1.4]</strong></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version 1.4</em>. Edited by Tony Cox. 22 November 2017. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">. </span>Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Notices</p>
<p>Copyright © OASIS Open 2017. All Rights Reserved.</p>
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<p style="break-before:page; page-break-before:always">Table of Contents</p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><span class="docx-field docx-field-toc docx-generated-field docx-generated-field-toc docx-field-hyperlink docx-field-outline-levels docx-field-hide-web-layout" data-docx-field="toc" data-docx-field-instruction="TOC \o &quot;1-6&quot; \h \z \u" data-docx-generated-field-type="table-of-contents" data-docx-field-hyperlink="true" data-docx-field-outline-levels="1-6" data-docx-field-hide-web-layout="true" data-docx-field-use-outline-levels="true" data-docx-field-target="#introduction"><a href="#introduction"><span style="color:#0000EE">1</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Introduction</span> 11</a></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#ipr-policy"><span style="color:#0000EE">1.0 IPR Policy</span> <span>11</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#terminology"><span style="color:#0000EE">1.1 Terminology</span> <span>11</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#normative-references"><span style="color:#0000EE">1.2 Normative References</span> <span>14</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#non-normative-references"><span style="color:#0000EE">1.3 Non-Normative References</span> <span>17</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#objects"><span style="color:#0000EE">2</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Objects</span> <span>19</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#base-objects"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1 Base Objects</span> <span>19</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#attribute"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.1 Attribute</span> <span>19</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#credential"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.2 Credential</span> <span>20</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-block"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.3 Key Block</span> <span>21</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-value"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.4 Key Value</span> <span>22</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.5 Key Wrapping Data</span> <span>23</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-wrapping-specification"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.6 Key Wrapping Specification</span> <span>25</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7 Transparent Key Structures</span> <span>26</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-symmetric-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.1 Transparent Symmetric Key</span> <span>27</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-dsa-private-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.2 Transparent DSA Private Key</span> <span>27</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-dsa-public-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.3 Transparent DSA Public Key</span> <span>28</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-rsa-private-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.4 Transparent RSA Private Key</span> <span>28</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-rsa-public-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.5 Transparent RSA Public Key</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-dh-private-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.6 Transparent DH Private Key</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-dh-public-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.7 Transparent DH Public Key</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecdsa-private-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.8 Transparent ECDSA Private Key</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecdsa-public-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.9 Transparent ECDSA Public Key</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecdh-private-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.10 Transparent ECDH Private Key</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecdh-public-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.11 Transparent ECDH Public Key</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecmqv-private-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.12 Transparent ECMQV Private Key</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ecmqv-public-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.13 Transparent ECMQV Public Key</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ec-private-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.14 Transparent EC Private Key</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#transparent-ec-public-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.7.15 Transparent EC Public Key</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.8 Template-Attribute Structures</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#extension-information"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.9 Extension Information</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#data"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.10 Data</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#data-length"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.11 Data Length</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#signature-data"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.12 Signature Data</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#mac-data"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.13 MAC Data</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#nonce"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.14 Nonce</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#correlation-value"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.15 Correlation Value</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#init-indicator"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.16 Init Indicator</span> <span>34</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#final-indicator"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.17 Final Indicator</span> <span>34</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#rng-parameters"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.18 RNG Parameters</span> <span>35</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#profile-information"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.19 Profile Information</span> <span>35</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#validation-information"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.20 Validation Information</span> <span>36</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#capability-information"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.21 Capability Information</span> <span>36</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.22 Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#authenticated-encryption-tag"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.1.23 Authenticated Encryption Tag</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#managed-objects"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.2 Managed Objects</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.2.1 Certificate</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#symmetric-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.2.2 Symmetric Key</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#public-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.2.3 Public Key</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#private-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.2.4 Private Key</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#split-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.2.5 Split Key</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#template"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.2.6 Template</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#secret-data"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.2.7 Secret Data</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.2.8 Opaque Object</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#pgp-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">2.2.9 PGP Key</span> <span>41</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#attributes"><span style="color:#0000EE">3</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Attributes</span> <span>42</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.1 Unique Identifier</span> <span>43</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#name"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.2 Name</span> <span>44</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#object-type"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.3 Object Type</span> <span>44</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.4 Cryptographic Algorithm</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cryptographic-length"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.5 Cryptographic Length</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.6 Cryptographic Parameters</span> <span>46</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.7 Cryptographic Domain Parameters</span> <span>49</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate-type"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.8 Certificate Type</span> <span>49</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate-length"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.9 Certificate Length</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#x.509-certificate-identifier"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.10 X.509 Certificate Identifier</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.11 X.509 Certificate Subject</span> <span>51</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.12 X.509 Certificate Issuer</span> <span>52</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate-identifier"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.13 Certificate Identifier</span> <span>52</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate-subject"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.14 Certificate Subject</span> <span>53</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certificate-issuer"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.15 Certificate Issuer</span> <span>54</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.16 Digital Signature Algorithm</span> <span>54</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#digest"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.17 Digest</span> <span>55</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#operation-policy-name"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.18 Operation Policy Name</span> <span>56</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#operations-outside-of-operation-policy-control"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.18.1 Operations outside of operation policy control</span> <span>57</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#default-operation-policy"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.18.2 Default Operation Policy</span> <span>57</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#default-operation-policy-for-secret-objects"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.18.2.1 Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</span> <span>57</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#default-operation-policy-for-certificates-and-public-key-objects"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.18.2.2 Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</span> <span>58</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#default-operation-policy-for-template-objects"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.18.2.3 Default Operation Policy for Template Objects</span> <span>59</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.19 Cryptographic Usage Mask</span> <span>60</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#lease-time"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.20 Lease Time</span> <span>61</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.21 Usage Limits</span> <span>62</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#state"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.22 State</span> <span>63</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#initial-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.23 Initial Date</span> <span>65</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#activation-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.24 Activation Date</span> <span>65</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#process-start-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.25 Process Start Date</span> <span>66</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#protect-stop-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.26 Protect Stop Date</span> <span>67</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#deactivation-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.27 Deactivation Date</span> <span>68</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#destroy-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.28 Destroy Date</span> <span>68</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.29 Compromise Occurrence Date</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#compromise-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.30 Compromise Date</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.31 Revocation Reason</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#archive-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.32 Archive Date</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#object-group"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.33 Object Group</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#fresh"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.34 Fresh</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#link"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.35 Link</span> <span>72</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#application-specific-information"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.36 Application Specific Information</span> <span>73</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#contact-information"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.37 Contact Information</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.38 Last Change Date</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#custom-attribute"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.39 Custom Attribute</span> <span>75</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#alternative-name"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.40 Alternative Name</span> <span>76</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-value-present"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.41 Key Value Present</span> <span>76</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#key-value-location"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.42 Key Value Location</span> <span>77</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#original-creation-date"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.43 Original Creation Date</span> <span>77</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#random-number-generator"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.44 Random Number Generator</span> <span>78</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#pkcs12-friendly-name"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.45 PKCS#12 Friendly Name</span> <span>79</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#description"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.46 Description</span> <span>79</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#comment"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.47 Comment</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#sensitive"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.48 Sensitive</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#always-sensitive"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.49 Always Sensitive</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#extractable"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.50 Extractable</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#never-extractable"><span style="color:#0000EE">3.51 Never Extractable</span> <span>82</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#client-to-server-operations"><span style="color:#0000EE">4</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Client-to-Server Operations</span> <span>83</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.1 Create</span> <span>84</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create-key-pair"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.2 Create Key Pair</span> <span>85</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#register"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.3 Register</span> <span>88</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.4 Re-key</span> <span>90</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-key-key-pair"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.5 Re-key Key Pair</span> <span>92</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.6 Derive Key</span> <span>96</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certify"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.7 Certify</span> <span>99</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-certify"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.8 Re-certify</span> <span>100</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#locate"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.9 Locate</span> <span>102</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#check"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.10 Check</span> <span>104</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.11 Get</span> <span>106</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-attributes"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.12 Get Attributes</span> <span>107</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-attribute-list"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.13 Get Attribute List</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#add-attribute"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.14 Add Attribute</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#modify-attribute"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.15 Modify Attribute</span> <span>109</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#delete-attribute"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.16 Delete Attribute</span> <span>109</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#obtain-lease"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.17 Obtain Lease</span> <span>110</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-usage-allocation"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.18 Get Usage Allocation</span> <span>111</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#activate"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.19 Activate</span> <span>112</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#revoke"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.20 Revoke</span> <span>112</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#destroy"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.21 Destroy</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#archive"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.22 Archive</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#recover"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.23 Recover</span> <span>114</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#validate"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.24 Validate</span> <span>114</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#query"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.25 Query</span> <span>115</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#discover-versions"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.26 Discover Versions</span> <span>117</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cancel"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.27 Cancel</span> <span>118</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#poll"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.28 Poll</span> <span>119</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#encrypt"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.29 Encrypt</span> <span>119</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#decrypt"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.30 Decrypt</span> <span>121</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#sign"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.31 Sign</span> <span>123</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#signature-verify"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.32 Signature Verify</span> <span>125</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#mac"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.33 MAC</span> <span>127</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#mac-verify"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.34 MAC Verify</span> <span>129</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#rng-retrieve"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.35 RNG Retrieve</span> <span>130</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#rng-seed"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.36 RNG Seed</span> <span>130</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#hash"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.37 Hash</span> <span>131</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create-split-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.38 Create Split Key</span> <span>132</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#join-split-key"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.39 Join Split Key</span> <span>133</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#export"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.40 Export</span> <span>134</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#import"><span style="color:#0000EE">4.41 Import</span> <span>134</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#server-to-client-operations"><span style="color:#0000EE">5</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Server-to-Client Operations</span> <span>136</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#notify"><span style="color:#0000EE">5.1 Notify</span> <span>136</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#put"><span style="color:#0000EE">5.2 Put</span> <span>136</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#query-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">5.3 Query</span> <span>137</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#message-contents"><span style="color:#0000EE">6</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Message Contents</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.1 Protocol Version</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#operation"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.2 Operation</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#maximum-response-size"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.3 Maximum Response Size</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#unique-batch-item-id"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.4 Unique Batch Item ID</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#time-stamp"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.5 Time Stamp</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#authentication"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.6 Authentication</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#asynchronous-indicator"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.7 Asynchronous Indicator</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.8 Asynchronous Correlation Value</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#result-status"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.9 Result Status</span> <span>143</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#result-reason"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.10 Result Reason</span> <span>143</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#result-message"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.11 Result Message</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#batch-order-option"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.12 Batch Order Option</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.13 Batch Error Continuation Option</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#batch-count"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.14 Batch Count</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#batch-item"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.15 Batch Item</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#message-extension"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.16 Message Extension</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#attestation-capable-indicator"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.17 Attestation Capable Indicator</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#client-correlation-value"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.18 Client Correlation Value</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#server-correlation-value"><span style="color:#0000EE">6.19 Server Correlation Value</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#message-format"><span style="color:#0000EE">7</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Message Format</span> <span>147</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#message-structure"><span style="color:#0000EE">7.1 Message Structure</span> <span>147</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#operations"><span style="color:#0000EE">7.2 Operations</span> <span>147</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#authentication-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">8</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Authentication</span> <span>150</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#message-encoding"><span style="color:#0000EE">9</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Message Encoding</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#ttlv-encoding"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1 TTLV Encoding</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#ttlv-encoding-fields"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.1 TTLV Encoding Fields</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#item-tag"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.1.1 Item Tag</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#item-type"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.1.2 Item Type</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#item-length"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.1.3 Item Length</span> <span>152</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#item-value"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.1.4 Item Value</span> <span>152</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#examples"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.2 Examples</span> <span>153</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:24pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#defined-values"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3 Defined Values</span> <span>154</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#tags"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.1 Tags</span> <span>154</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#enumerations"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2 Enumerations</span> <span>162</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#credential-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.1 Credential Type Enumeration</span> <span>162</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.2 Key Compression Type Enumeration</span> <span>163</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.3 Key Format Type Enumeration</span> <span>163</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#wrapping-method-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.4 Wrapping Method Enumeration</span> <span>164</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.5 Recommended Curve Enumeration</span> <span>164</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#certificate-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.6 Certificate Type Enumeration</span> <span>166</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.7 Digital Signature Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>167</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#split-key-method-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.8 Split Key Method Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#secret-data-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.9 Secret Data Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#opaque-data-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.10 Opaque Data Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#name-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.11 Name Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#object-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.12 Object Type Enumeration</span> <span>169</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.13 Cryptographic Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>170</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#block-cipher-mode-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.14 Block Cipher Mode Enumeration</span> <span>171</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#padding-method-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.15 Padding Method Enumeration</span> <span>172</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.16 Hashing Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>172</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#key-role-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.17 Key Role Type Enumeration</span> <span>173</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#state-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.18 State Enumeration</span> <span>174</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#revocation-reason-code-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.19 Revocation Reason Code Enumeration</span> <span>174</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#link-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.20 Link Type Enumeration</span> <span>174</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#derivation-method-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.21 Derivation Method Enumeration</span> <span>175</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.22 Certificate Request Type Enumeration</span> <span>175</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.23 Validity Indicator Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#query-function-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.24 Query Function Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#cancellation-result-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.25 Cancellation Result Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#put-function-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.26 Put Function Enumeration</span> <span>177</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#operation-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.27 Operation Enumeration</span> <span>178</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#result-status-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.28 Result Status Enumeration</span> <span>179</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#result-reason-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.29 Result Reason Enumeration</span> <span>180</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.30 Batch Error Continuation Option Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#usage-limits-unit-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.31 Usage Limits Unit Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#encoding-option-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.32 Encoding Option Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#object-group-member-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.33 Object Group Member Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#alternative-name-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.34 Alternative Name Type Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#key-value-location-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.35 Key Value Location Type Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.36 Attestation Type Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#rng-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.37 RNG Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#drbg-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.38 DRBG Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>183</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#fips186-variation-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.39 FIPS186 Variation Enumeration</span> <span>183</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#validation-authority-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.40 Validation Authority Type Enumeration</span> <span>183</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#validation-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.41 Validation Type Enumeration</span> <span>184</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#profile-name-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.42 Profile Name Enumeration</span> <span>184</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#unwrap-mode-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.43 Unwrap Mode Enumeration</span> <span>188</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#destroy-action-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.44 Destroy Action Enumeration</span> <span>190</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#shredding-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.45 Shredding Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>190</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#rng-mode-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.46 RNG Mode Enumeration</span> <span>190</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#client-registration-method-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.47 Client Registration Method Enumeration</span> <span>190</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#key-wrap-type-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.48 Key Wrap Type Enumeration</span> <span>190</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#mask-generator-enumeration"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.2.49 Mask Generator Enumeration</span> <span>191</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#bit-masks"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.3 Bit Masks</span> <span>191</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.3.1 Cryptographic Usage Mask</span> <span>191</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:48pt"><a href="#storage-status-mask"><span style="color:#0000EE">9.1.3.3.2 Storage Status Mask</span> <span>192</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#transport"><span style="color:#0000EE">10</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Transport</span> <span>193</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#error-handling"><span style="color:#0000EE">11</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">Error Handling</span> <span>194</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#general"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.1 General</span> <span>194</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.2 Create</span> <span>196</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create-key-pair-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.3 Create Key Pair</span> <span>197</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#register-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.4 Register</span> <span>198</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-key-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.5 Re-key</span> <span>199</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-key-key-pair-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.6 Re-key Key Pair</span> <span>200</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#derive-key-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.7 Derive Key</span> <span>201</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#certify-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.8 Certify</span> <span>202</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#re-certify-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.9 Re-certify</span> <span>202</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#locate-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.10 Locate</span> <span>203</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#check-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.11 Check</span> <span>203</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.12 Get</span> <span>204</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-attributes-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.13 Get Attributes</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-attribute-list-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.14 Get Attribute List</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#add-attribute-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.15 Add Attribute</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#modify-attribute-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.16 Modify Attribute</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#delete-attribute-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.17 Delete Attribute</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#obtain-lease-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.18 Obtain Lease</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#get-usage-allocation-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.19 Get Usage Allocation</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#activate-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.20 Activate</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#revoke-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.21 Revoke</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#destroy-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.22 Destroy</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#archive-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.23 Archive</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#recover-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.24 Recover</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#validate-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.25 Validate</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#query-2"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.26 Query</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#discover-versions-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.27 Discover Versions</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#cancel-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.28 Cancel</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#poll-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.29 Poll</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#encrypt-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.30 Encrypt</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#decrypt-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.31 Decrypt</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#sign-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.32 Sign</span> <span>210</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#signature-verify-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.33 Signature Verify</span> <span>210</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#mac-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.34 MAC</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#mac-verify-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.35 MAC Verify</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#rng-retrieve-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.36 RNG Retrieve</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#rng-seed-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.37 RNG Seed</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#hash-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.38 HASH</span> <span>212</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#create-split-key-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.39 Create Split Key</span> <span>212</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#join-split-key-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.40 Join Split Key</span> <span>213</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#export-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.41 Export</span> <span>214</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#import-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.42 Import</span> <span>215</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#batch-items"><span style="color:#0000EE">11.43 Batch Items</span> <span>215</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#kmip-server-and-client-implementation-conformance"><span style="color:#0000EE">12</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> </span><span style="color:#0000EE">KMIP Server and Client Implementation Conformance</span> <span>217</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#kmip-server-implementation-conformance"><span style="color:#0000EE">12.1 KMIP Server Implementation Conformance</span> <span>217</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:12pt; margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#kmip-client-implementation-conformance"><span style="color:#0000EE">12.2 KMIP Client Implementation Conformance</span> <span>217</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#acknowledgments"><span style="color:#0000EE">Appendix A. Acknowledgments</span> <span>218</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#attribute-cross-reference"><span style="color:#0000EE">Appendix B. Attribute Cross-Reference</span> <span>219</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#tag-cross-reference"><span style="color:#0000EE">Appendix C. Tag Cross-Reference</span> <span>221</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#operations-and-object-cross-reference"><span style="color:#0000EE">Appendix D. Operations and Object Cross-Reference</span> <span>227</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#acronyms"><span style="color:#0000EE">Appendix E. Acronyms</span> <span>229</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#list-of-figures-and-tables"><span style="color:#0000EE">Appendix F. List of Figures and Tables</span> <span>233</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt"><a href="#revision-history"><span style="color:#0000EE">Appendix G. Revision History</span> <span>242</span></a></p>
<h1 id="introduction">Introduction</h1>
<p>This document is intended as a specification of the protocol used for the communication between clients and servers to perform certain management operations on objects stored and maintained by a key management system. These objects are referred to as Managed Objects in this specification. They include symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic keys, digital certificates, and templates used to simplify the creation of objects and control their use. Managed Objects are managed with operations that include the ability to generate cryptographic keys, register objects with the key management system, obtain objects from the system, destroy objects from the system, and search for objects maintained by the system. Managed Objects also have associated attributes, which are named values stored by the key management system and are obtained from the system via operations. Certain attributes are added, modified, or deleted by operations.</p>
<p>The protocol specified in this document includes several certificate-related functions for which there are a number of existing protocols – namely Validate (e.g., SCVP or XKMS), Certify (e.g., CMP <a href="#RFC4210"><strong>[RFC4210]</strong></a>, CMC <a href="#RFC5272"><strong>[RFC5272]</strong></a><a href="#RFC6402"><strong>[RFC6402]</strong></a>, SCEP) and Re-certify (e.g., CMP <a href="#RFC4210"><strong>[RFC4210]</strong></a>, CMC <a href="#RFC5272"><strong>[RFC5272]</strong></a><a href="#RFC6402"><strong>[RFC6402]</strong></a>, SCEP). The protocol does not attempt to define a comprehensive certificate management protocol, such as would be needed for a certification authority. However, it does include functions that are needed to allow a key server to provide a proxy for certificate management functions.</p>
<p>In addition to the normative definitions for managed objects, operations and attributes, this specification also includes normative definitions for the following aspects of the protocol:</p>
<p>• The expected behavior of the server and client as a result of operations,</p>
<p>• Message contents and formats,</p>
<p>• Message encoding (including enumerations), and</p>
<p>• Error handling.</p>
<p>This specification is complemented by several other documents. The KMIP Usage Guide<a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a> provides illustrative information on using the protocol. The KMIP Profiles Specification <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a> provides a selected set of base level conformance profiles and authentication suites; additional KMIP Profiles define specific sets of KMIP functionality for conformance purposes. The KMIP Test Specification <a href="#KMIP_TC"><strong>[KMIP-TC]</strong></a> provides samples of protocol messages corresponding to a set of defined test cases.</p>
<p>This specification defines the KMIP protocol version major 1 and minor 2 (see 6.1).</p>
<h2 id="ipr-policy">IPR Policy</h2>
<p>This OASIS Standard is provided under the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr#RF-on-RAND-Mode"><span style="color:#0000EE">RF on RAND Terms</span></a> Mode of the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr"><span style="color:#0000EE">OASIS IPR Policy</span></a>, the mode chosen when the Technical Committee was established.</p>
<p>For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property Rights section of the TC’s web page (<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php"><span style="color:#0000EE">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php</span></a>).</p>
<h2 id="terminology">Terminology</h2>
<p>The key words “MUST”, “MUST NOT”, “REQUIRED”, “SHALL”, “SHALL NOT”, “SHOULD”, “SHOULD NOT”, “RECOMMENDED”, “MAY”, and “OPTIONAL” in this document are to be interpreted as described in [<a href="#RFC2119"><span style="color:#0000EE">RFC2119</span></a>].</p>
<p>For acronyms used in this document, see <a href="#acronyms">Appendix E</a>. For definitions not found in this document, see <a href="#SP800_57_1"><strong>[SP800-57-1]</strong></a>.</p>
<table style="width:450pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.5pt">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932703" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128619" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307478" class="anchor"></span>Table 1: Terminology</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 24%" /><col style="width: 72%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Term</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Definition</strong></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Archive</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">To place information not accessed frequently into long-term storage.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Asymmetric key pair</p><p>(key pair)</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A public key and its corresponding private key; a key pair is used with a public key algorithm.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authentication</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A process that establishes the origin of information, or determines an entity’s identity.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authentication code</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A cryptographic checksum based on a security function.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authorization</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Access privileges that are granted to an entity; conveying an “official” sanction to perform a security function or activity.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate length</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The length (in bytes) of an X.509 public key certificate.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certification authority</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The entity in a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) that is responsible for issuing certificates, and exacting compliance to a PKI policy.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Ciphertext</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data in its encrypted form.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Compromise</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The unauthorized disclosure, modification, substitution or use of sensitive data (e.g., keying material and other security-related information).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Confidentiality</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The property that sensitive information is not disclosed to unauthorized entities.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic algorithm</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A well-defined computational procedure that takes variable inputs, including a cryptographic key and produces an output.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic key<br />
(key)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>A parameter used in conjunction with a cryptographic algorithm that determines its operation in such a way that an entity with knowledge of the key can reproduce or reverse the operation, while an entity without knowledge of the key cannot. Examples include:</p><p>1. The transformation of plaintext data into ciphertext data,</p><p>2. The transformation of ciphertext data into plaintext data,</p><p>3. The computation of a digital signature from data,</p><p>4. The verification of a digital signature,</p><p>5. The computation of an authentication code from data, and</p><p>6. The verification of an authentication code from data and a received authentication code.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Decryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The process of changing ciphertext into plaintext using a cryptographic algorithm and key.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digest (or hash)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The result of applying a hashing algorithm to information.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digital signature<br />
(signature)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>The result of a cryptographic transformation of data that, when properly implemented with supporting infrastructure and policy, provides the services of:</p><p>1. origin authentication</p><p>2. data integrity, and</p><p>3. signer non-repudiation.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digital Signature Algorithm</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A cryptographic algorithm used for digital signature.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The process of changing plaintext into ciphertext using a cryptographic algorithm and key.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Hashing algorithm (or hash algorithm, hash function)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>An algorithm that maps a bit string of arbitrary length to a fixed length bit string. Approved hashing algorithms satisfy the following properties:</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">1. (One-way) It is computationally infeasible to find any input that</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">maps to any pre-specified output, and</p><p>2. (Collision resistant) It is computationally infeasible to find any two distinct inputs that map to the same output.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Integrity</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The property that sensitive data has not been modified or deleted in an unauthorized and undetected manner.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key derivation<br />
(derivation)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>A function in the lifecycle of keying material; the process by which one or more keys are derived from:</p><p>1) Either a shared secret from a key agreement computation or a pre-shared cryptographic key, and</p><p>2) Other information.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key management</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The activities involving the handling of cryptographic keys and other related security parameters (e.g., IVs and passwords) during the entire life cycle of the keys, including their generation, storage, establishment, entry and output, and destruction.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key wrapping<br />
(wrapping)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A method of encrypting and/or MACing/signing keys.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message Authentication Code (MAC)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A cryptographic checksum on data that uses a symmetric key to detect both accidental and intentional modifications of data.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PGP Key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A RFC 4880-compliant container of cryptographic keys and associated metadata. Usually text-based (in PGP-parlance, ASCII-armored).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Private key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>A cryptographic key used with a public key cryptographic algorithm that is uniquely associated with an entity and is not made public. The private key is associated with a public key. Depending on the algorithm, the private key MAY be used to:</p><p>1. Compute the corresponding public key,</p><p>2. Compute a digital signature that can be verified by the corresponding public key,</p><p>3. Decrypt data that was encrypted by the corresponding public key, or</p><p>4. Compute a piece of common shared data, together with other information.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Profile</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A specification of objects, attributes, operations, message elements and authentication methods to be used in specific contexts of key management server and client interactions (see <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>A cryptographic key used with a public key cryptographic algorithm that is uniquely associated with an entity and that MAY be made public. The public key is associated with a private key. The public key MAY be known by anyone and, depending on the algorithm, MAY be used to:</p><p>1. Verify a digital signature that is signed by the corresponding private key,</p><p>2. Encrypt data that can be decrypted by the corresponding private key, or</p><p>3. Compute a piece of shared data.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public key certificate<br />
(certificate)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A set of data that uniquely identifies an entity, contains the entity&#039;s public key and possibly other information, and is digitally signed by a trusted party, thereby binding the public key to the entity.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public key cryptographic algorithm</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A cryptographic algorithm that uses two related keys, a public key and a private key. The two keys have the property that determining the private key from the public key is computationally infeasible.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public Key Infrastructure</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A framework that is established to issue, maintain and revoke public key certificates.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Recover</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">To retrieve information that was archived to long-term storage.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A process by which a cryptographic key is split into <em>n</em> multiple key components, individually providing no knowledge of the original key, which can be subsequently combined to recreate the original cryptographic key. If knowledge of <em>k</em> (where <em>k</em> is less than or equal to <em>n</em>) components is necessary to construct the original key, then knowledge of any <em>k</em>-1 key components provides no information about the original key other than, possibly, its length.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Symmetric key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A single cryptographic key that is used with a secret (symmetric) key algorithm.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Symmetric key algorithm</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A cryptographic algorithm that uses the same secret (symmetric) key for an operation and its inverse (e.g., encryption and decryption).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">X.509 certificate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The ISO/ITU-T X.509 standard defined two types of certificates – the X.509 public key certificate, and the X.509 attribute certificate. Most commonly (including this document), an X.509 certificate refers to the X.509 public key certificate.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2268" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">X.509 public key certificate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="6732" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The public key for a user (or device) and a name for the user (or device), together with some other information, rendered un-forgeable by the digital signature of the certification authority that issued the certificate, encoded in the format defined in the ISO/ITU-T X.509 standard.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="normative-references">Normative References</h2>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="ECC_Brainpool" class="anchor"></span><strong>[CHACHA]</strong> D. J. Bernstein. ChaCha, a variant of Salsa20.<a href="https://cr.yp.to/chacha/chacha-20080128.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">https://cr.yp.to/chacha/chacha-20080128.pdf</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[ECC-Brainpool]</strong><em>ECC Brainpool Standard Curves and Curve Generation v. 1.0.19.10.2005</em>, <a href="http://www.ecc-brainpool.org/download/Domain-parameters.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ecc-brainpool.org/download/Domain-parameters.pdf</span></a><strong>.</strong></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;27&quot; w:name=&quot;FIPS180_4&quot;/&gt;</span><strong>[FIPS180-4]</strong><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;27&quot;/&gt;</span><em>Secure Hash Standard (SHS)</em>, FIPS PUB 186-4, March 2012,<span style="color:#0000EE">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips18-4/fips-180-4.pdf.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="FIPS186_4" class="anchor"></span><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong><em>Digital Signature Standard (DSS)</em>, FIPS PUB 186-4, July 2013,<a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.186-4.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.186-4.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="FIPS197" class="anchor"></span><strong>[FIPS197]</strong><em>Advanced Encryption Standard</em>, FIPS PUB 197, November 2001,<a href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="FIPS198_1" class="anchor"></span><strong>[FIPS198-1]</strong><em>The Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC)</em>, FIPS PUB 198-1, July 2008, <a href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips198-1/FIPS-198-1_final.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips198-1/FIPS-198-1_final.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="IEEE1003_1" class="anchor"></span><strong>[FIPS202]</strong> SHA-3 Standard: Permutation-Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions, August 2015.<a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.202.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.202.pdf</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[IEEE1003-1]</strong>IEEE Std 1003.1, <em>Standard for information technology - portable operating system interface (POSIX). Shell and utilities</em>, 2004.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[ISO16609]</strong> ISO, <em>Banking -- Requirements for message authentication using symmetric techniques</em>, ISO 16609, 2012.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[ISO9797-1]</strong> ISO/IEC, <em>Information technology -- Security techniques -- Message Authentication Codes (MACs) -- Part 1: Mechanisms using a block cipher</em>, ISO/IEC 9797-1, 2011.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="_Toc241997046" class="anchor"></span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;33&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc242537236&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;33&quot;/&gt;</span><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Profiles Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Robert Lockhart. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html</span></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="PKCS1" class="anchor"></span><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong>RSA Laboratories, <em>PKCS #1 v2.1: RSA Cryptography Standard</em>, June 14, 2002, <a href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-rsa-cryptography-standard.htm"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-rsa-cryptography-standard.htm</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="PKCS5" class="anchor"></span><strong>[PKCS#5]</strong>RSALaboratories, <em>PKCS #5 v2.1: Password-Based Cryptography Standard</em>, October 5, 2006, <a href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-5-password-based-cryptography-standard.htm"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-5-password-based-cryptography-standard.htm</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[PKCS#8]</strong> RSA Laboratories, <em>PKCS#8 v1.2: Private-Key Information Syntax Standard</em>, November 1, 1993, <a href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-8-private-key-information-syntax-stand.htm"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-8-private-key-information-syntax-stand.htm</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[PKCS#10]</strong> RSA Laboratories, <em>PKCS #10 v1.7: Certification Request Syntax Standard</em>, May 26, 2000, <a href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs10-certification-request-syntax-standard.htm"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs10-certification-request-syntax-standard.htm</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;37&quot; w:name=&quot;RFC1319&quot;/&gt;</span><strong>[POLY1305]</strong> Daniel J. Bernstein. The Poly1305-AES Message-Authentication Code. In Henri Gilbert and Helena Handschuh, editors, Fast Software Encryption: 12th International Workshop, FSE 2005, Paris, France, February 21-23, 2005, Revised Selected Papers, volume 3557 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 32–49. Springer, 2005.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[RFC1319]</strong><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;37&quot;/&gt;</span>B. Kaliski, <em>The MD2 Message-Digest Algorithm</em>, IETF RFC 1319, Apr 1992,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1319.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1319.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC1320" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC1320]</strong>R. Rivest, <em>The MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm</em>, IETF RFC 1320, April 1992, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1320.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1320.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC1321" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC1321]</strong>R. Rivest, <em>The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm</em>, IETF RFC 1321, April 1992,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC1421" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC1421]</strong>J. Linn, <em>Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail:</em><em>Part I: Message Encryption and Authentication Procedures</em>, IETF RFC 1421, February 1993,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1421.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1421.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[RFC1424]</strong> B.Kaliski, <em>Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail: Part IV: Key Certification and Related Services</em>, IETF RFC 1424, Feb 1993, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1424.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1424.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC2104" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC2104]</strong>H. Krawczyk, M. Bellare, R. Canetti, <em>HMAC: Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication</em>, IETF RFC 2104, February 1997,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2104.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2104.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[</strong><span id="RFC2119" class="anchor"></span><strong>RFC2119</strong><strong>]</strong> Bradner, S., “Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels”, BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</span></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC2898" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC2898]</strong>B. Kaliski, <em>PKCS #5: Password-Based Cryptography Specification Version 2.0</em>, IETF RFC 2898, September 2000,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2898.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2898.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC2986" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC2986]</strong> M. Nystrom and B. Kaliski, <em>PKCS #10: Certification Request Syntax Specification Version 1.7</em>, IETF RFC2986, November 2000, <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2986.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2986.txt</span></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC3447" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC3447]</strong>J. Jonsson, B. Kaliski, <em>Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.1</em>, IETF RFC 3447, Feb 2003,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3447.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3447.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC3629" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC3629]</strong>F. Yergeau, <em>UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646</em>, IETF RFC 3629, November 2003,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC3686" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC3686]</strong>R. Housley, <em>Using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Counter Mode with IPsec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), IETF RFC 3686,</em> January 2004, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3686.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3686.txt</span></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC4210" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC4210]</strong>C. Adams, S. Farrell, T. Kause and T. Mononen, <em>Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Management Protocol (CMP)</em>, IETF RFC 4210, September 2005, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4210.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4210.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC4211" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC4211]</strong>J. Schaad<em>, Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Request Message Format (CRMF),</em> IETF RFC 4211, September 2005,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4211.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4211.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC4880" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC4880]</strong>J. Callas, L. Donnerhacke, H. Finney, D. Shaw, and R. Thayer, <em>OpenPGP Message Format</em>, IETF RFC 4880, November 2007, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4880.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4880.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[RFC4949]</strong> R. Shirey, <em>Internet Security Glossary, Version 2</em>, IETF RFC 4949, August 2007, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4949.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4949.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[RFC5958]</strong><span style="color:#0000EE"> S. Turner, <em>Asymmetric Key Packages</em>, IETF RFC5958, August 2010, </span><a href="https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5958.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5958.txt</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC5272" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC5272]</strong>J. Schaad and M. Meyers, <em>Certificate Management over CMS (CMC)</em>, IETF RFC 5272, June 2008, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5272.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5272.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC5280" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC5280]</strong>D. Cooper, S. Santesson, S. Farrell, S. Boeyen, R. Housley, W. Polk<em>, Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate</em>, IETF RFC 5280, May 2008,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC5639" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC5639]</strong>M. Lochter, J. Merkle, <em>Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Brainpool Standard Curves and Curve Generation</em>, IETF RFC 5639, March 2010,<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5639.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5639.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="RFC6402" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC6402]</strong> J. Schaad, <em>Certificate Management over CMS (CMC) Updates</em>, IETF RFC6402, November 2011, <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6402.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6402.txt</span></a>.<span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;55&quot; w:name=&quot;RFC6818&quot;/&gt;</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[RFC6818]</strong><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;55&quot;/&gt;</span> P. Yee, <em>Updates to the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile</em>, IETF RFC6818, January 2013, <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6818.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6818.txt</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="SEC2" class="anchor"></span><strong>[SEC2]</strong>SEC 2: Recommended Elliptic Curve Domain Parameters,<a href="http://www.secg.org/SEC2-Ver-1.0.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.secg.org/SEC2-Ver-1.0.pdf</span></a><strong>.</strong></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="SP800_38A" class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong>M. Dworkin, <em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation – Methods and Techniques</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38A, December 2001,<a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38a.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38a.pdf</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="SP800_38B" class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-38B]</strong>M. Dworkin, <em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: The CMAC Mode for Authentication</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38B, May 2005, updated June 2016, <a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38b.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38b.pdf</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="SP800_38C" class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-38C]</strong>M. Dworkin, <em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: the CCM Mode for Authentication and Confidentiality</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38C, May 2004, updated July 2007 <a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38c.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38c.pdf</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="SP800_38D" class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong>M. Dworkin, <em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) and GMAC</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38D, Nov 2007, <a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38d.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38d.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="SP800_38E" class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-38E]</strong>M. Dworkin, <em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: The XTS-AES Mode for Confidentiality on Block-Oriented Storage Devices</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38E, January 2010, <a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38e.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38e.pdf</span></a><strong>.</strong></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="SP800_56A" class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong>E. Barker, L. Chen, A. Roginsky and M. Smid, <em>Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-56A Revision 2, May 2013,<a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar2.pdfhttp:/nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar2.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar2.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="SP800_57_1" class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-57-1]</strong>E. Barker, W. Barker, W. Burr, W. Polk, and M. Smid, <em>Recommendations for Key Management - Part 1: General (Revision 3),</em> NIST Special Publication 800-57 Part 1 Revision 3, July 2012, <a href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-57/sp800-57_part1_rev3_general.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-57/sp800-57_part1_rev3_general.pdf</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="SP800_108" class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-108]</strong>L. Chen, <em>Recommendation for Key Derivation Using Pseudorandom Functions (Revised)</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-108, Oct 2009, <a href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-108.pdf"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-108.pdf</span></a><strong>.</strong></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[X.509]</strong> International Telecommunication Union (ITU)–T, X.509: Information technology – Open systems interconnection – The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks, November 2008, <a href="http://www.itu.int/rec/recommendation.asp?lang=en&amp;parent=T-REC-X.509-200811-1"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.itu.int/rec/recommendation.asp?lang=en&amp;parent=T-REC-X.509-200811-1</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[X9.24-1]</strong> ANSI, <em>X9.24 - Retail Financial Services Symmetric Key Management - Part 1: Using Symmetric Techniques</em>, 2009.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[X9.31]</strong> ANSI, <em>X9.31: Digital Signatures Using Reversible Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry (rDSA)</em>, September 1998.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="X9_42" class="anchor"></span><strong>[X9.42]</strong>ANSI, <em>X9.42: Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry: Agreement of Symmetric Keys Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography</em>, 2003.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="X9_62" class="anchor"></span><strong>[X9.62]</strong>ANSI, <em>X9.62: Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry, The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)</em>, 2005.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="X9_63" class="anchor"></span><strong>[X9.63]</strong>ANSI, <em>X9.63: Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry, Key Agreement and Key Transport Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>, 2011.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[X9.102]</strong> ANSI, <em>X9.102: Symmetric Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry - Wrapping of Keys and Associated Data</em>, 2008.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="TR31" class="anchor"></span><strong>[X9 TR-31]</strong>ANSI, <em>X9 TR-31: Interoperable Secure Key Exchange Key Block Specification for Symmetric Algorithms</em>, 2010.</p>
<h2 id="non-normative-references">Non-Normative References</h2>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="ISOIEC_99452" class="anchor"></span><strong>[ISO/IEC 9945-2]</strong>The Open Group, <em>Regular Expressions, The Single UNIX Specification version 2</em>, 1997,ISO/IEC 9945-2:1993, <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/xbd/re.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/xbd/re.html</span></a><span style="color:#0000EE">.</span></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="KMIP_UG" class="anchor"></span><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Usage Guide Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Judith Furlong. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html</span></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="KMIP_TC" class="anchor"></span><strong>[KMIP-TC]</strong><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Test Cases Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Mark Joseph. Latest version: <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html</span></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[RFC6151]</strong> S. Turner and L. Chen, <em>Updated Security Considerations for the MD5 Message-Digest and the HMAC-MD5 Algorithms</em>, IETF RFC6151, March 2011, <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6151.txt"><span style="color:#0000EE">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6151.txt</span></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><span id="w1979" class="anchor"></span><strong>[w1979]</strong>A. Shamir, <em>How to share a secret</em>, Communications of the ACM, vol. 22, no. 11, pp. 612-613, November 1979.</p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[RFC7292]</strong> K. Moriarty, M. Nystrom, S. Parkinson, A. Rusch, M. Scott. <em>PKCS #12: Personal Information Exchange Syntax v1.1, July 2014,</em> <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7292"><span style="color:#0000EE">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7292</span></a></p>
<h1 id="objects">Objects</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following subsections describe the objects that are passed between the clients and servers of the key management system. Some of these object types, called <em>Base Objects</em>, are used only in the protocol itself, and are not considered Managed Objects. Key management systems MAY choose to support a subset of the Managed Objects. The object descriptions refer to the primitive data types of which they are composed. These primitive data types are (see Section <a href="#item-value">9.1.1.4</a>):</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Integer</p></li>
<li><p>Long Integer</p></li>
<li><p>Big Integer</p></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><p>Enumeration – choices from a predefined list of values</p></li>
<li><p>Boolean</p></li>
<li><p>Text String – string of characters representing human-readable text</p></li>
<li><p>Byte String – sequence of unencoded byte values</p></li>
<li><p>Date-Time – date and time, with a granularity of one second</p></li>
<li><p>Interval – a length of time expressed in seconds</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Structures are composed of ordered lists of primitive data types or sub-structures.</p>
<h2 id="base-objects">Base Objects</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;91&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc287332011&quot;/&gt;</span>These objects are used within the messages of the protocol, but are not objects managed by the key management system. They are components of Managed Objects.</p>
<h3 id="attribute">Attribute</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An Attribute object is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236460264">Table 2</a>) used for sending and receiving Managed Object attributes. The <em>Attribute Name</em> is a text-string that is used to identify the attribute. The <em>Attribute Index</em> is an index number assigned by the key management server. The Attribute Index is used to identify the particular instance. Attribute Indices SHALL start with 0. The Attribute Index of an attribute SHALL NOT change when other instances are added or deleted. Single-instance Attributes (attributes which an object MAY only have at most one instance thereof) SHALL have an Attribute Index of 0. The <em>Attribute Value</em> is either a primitive data type or structured object, depending on the attribute.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When an Attribute structure is used to specify or return a particular instance of an Attribute and the Attribute Index is not specified it SHALL be assumed to be 0.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc374" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref236460264" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497684" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932704" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128620" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307479" class="anchor"></span>Table 2: Attribute Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Index</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Varies, depending on attribute. See Section </span><a href="#attributes"><span style="font-size:10pt">3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, except for the Notify operation (see Section </span><a href="#notify"><span style="font-size:10pt">5.1</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">)</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="credential">Credential </h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Credential</em> is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236460416">Table 3</a>) used for client identification purposes and is not managed by the key management system (e.g., user id/password pairs, Kerberos tokens, etc.). It MAY be used for authentication purposes as indicated in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc415" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref236460416" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref306814310" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497685" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932705" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128621" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307480" class="anchor"></span>Table 3: Credential Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#credential-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Varies based on Credential Type.</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the Credential Type in the Credential is <em>Username and Password</em>, then Credential Value is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref256437959">Table 4</a>. The Username field identifies the client, and the Password field is a secret that authenticates the client.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref256437959" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932706" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128622" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307481" class="anchor"></span>Table 4: Credential Value Structure for the Username and Password Credential</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Username</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the Credential Type in the Credential is <em>Device</em>, then Credential Value is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref297819925">Table 5</a>. One or a combination of the <em>Device Serial Number</em>, <em>Network Identifier</em>, <em>Machine Identifier</em>, and <em>Media Identifier</em> SHALL be unique. Server implementations MAY enforce policies on uniqueness for individual fields. A shared secret or password MAY also be used to authenticate the client. The client SHALL provide at least one field.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref297819925" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932707" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128623" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307482" class="anchor"></span>Table 5: Credential Value Structure for the Device Credential</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Network Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Machine Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Media Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the Credential Type in the Credential is <em>Attestation</em>, then Credential Value is a structure as shown in Table 6. The <em>Nonce Value</em> is obtained from the key management server in a Nonce Object. The Attestation Credential Object can contain a measurement from the client or an assertion from a third party if the server is not capable or willing to verify the attestation data from the client. Neither type of attestation data (<em>Attestation Measurement</em> or <em>Attestation Assertion</em>) is necessary to allow the server to accept either. However, the client SHALL provide attestation data in either the <em>Attestation Measurement</em> or <em>Attestation Assertion</em> fields.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128624" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307483" class="anchor"></span>Table 6: Credential Value Structure for the Attestation Credential</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#nonce"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Measurement</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Assertion</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="key-block">Key Block</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Key Block</em> object is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236460584">Table 7</a>) used to encapsulate all of the information that is closely associated with a cryptographic key. It contains a Key Value of one of the following <em>Key Format Types</em>:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Raw</em> – This is a key that contains only cryptographic key material, encoded as a string of bytes.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Opaque</em> – This is an encoded key for which the encoding is unknown to the key management system. It is encoded as a string of bytes.</p></li>
<li><p><em>PKCS1</em> – This is an encoded private key, expressed as a DER-encoded ASN.1 PKCS#1 object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>PKCS8</em> – This is an encoded private key, expressed as a DER-encoded ASN.1 PKCS#8 object, supporting both the RSAPrivateKey syntax and EncryptedPrivateKey.</p></li>
<li><p><em>X</em>.509 – This is an encoded object, expressed as a DER-encoded ASN.1 X.509 object.</p></li>
<li><p>ECPrivateKey – This is an ASN.1 encoded elliptic curve private key.</p></li>
<li><p>Several <em>Transparent Key</em> types – These are algorithm-specific structures containing defined values for the various key types, as defined in Section <a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Extensions</em> – These are vendor-specific extensions to allow for proprietary or legacy key formats.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Key Block MAY contain the Key Compression Type, which indicates the format of the elliptic curve public key. By default, the public key is uncompressed.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Key Block also has the Cryptographic Algorithm and the Cryptographic Length of the key contained in the Key Value field. Some example values are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>RSA keys are typically 1024, 2048 or 3072 bits in length.</p></li>
<li><p>3DES keys are typically from 112 to 192 bits (depending upon key length and the presence of parity bits).</p></li>
<li><p>AES keys are 128, 192 or 256 bits in length.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Key Block SHALL contain a Key Wrapping Data structure if the key in the Key Value field is wrapped (i.e., encrypted, or MACed/signed, or both).</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc494" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref236460584" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497686" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932708" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128625" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307484" class="anchor"></span>Table 7: Key Block Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Compression Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String: for wrapped Key Value; Structure: for plaintext Key Value, see </span><a href="#key-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes. MAY be omitted only if this information is available from the Key Value. Does not apply to Secret Data (see Section </span><a href="#secret-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">) or Opaque Objects (see Section </span><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.8</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">). If present, the Cryptographic Length SHALL also be present.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes. MAY be omitted only if this information is available from the Key Value. Does not apply to Secret Data (see Section </span><a href="#secret-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">) or Opaque Objects (see Section </span><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.8</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">). If present, the Cryptographic Algorithm SHALL also be present.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. SHALL only be present if the key is wrapped.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="key-value">Key Value</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Key Value</em> is used only inside a Key Block and is either a Byte String or a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236464567">Table 8</a>):</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The Key Value structure contains the key material, either as a byte string or as a Transparent Key structure (see Section <a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a>), and OPTIONAL attribute information that is associated and encapsulated with the key material. This attribute information differs from the attributes associated with Managed Objects, and is obtained via the Get Attributes operation, only by the fact that it is encapsulated with (and possibly wrapped with) the key material itself.</p></li>
<li><p>The Key Value Byte String is either the wrapped TTLV-encoded (see Section <a href="#ttlv-encoding">9.1</a>) Key Value structure, or the wrapped un-encoded value of the Byte String Key Material field.</p></li>
</ul>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc538" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref236464567" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497687" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932709" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128626" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307485" class="anchor"></span>Table 8: Key Value Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:36pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String: for Raw, Opaque, PKCS1, PKCS8, ECPrivateKey, or Extension Key Format types;</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:36pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure: for Transparent, or Extension Key Format Types</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Object, see Section </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. MAY be repeated</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="key-wrapping-data">Key Wrapping Data</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Key Block MAY also supply OPTIONAL information about a cryptographic key wrapping mechanism used to wrap the Key Value. This consists of a <span style="color:#000000"><em>Key Wrapping Data</em></span> structure (see <a href="#_Ref236464724">Table 9</a>). It is only used inside a Key Block.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This structure contains fields for:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A <em>Wrapping Method</em>, which indicates the method used to wrap the Key Value<em>.</em></p></li>
<li><p><em>Encryption Key Information,</em> which contains the Unique Identifier (see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a>) value of the encryption key and associated cryptographic parameters.</p></li>
<li><p><em>MAC/Signature Key Information,</em> which contains the Unique Identifier value of the MAC/signature key and associated cryptographic parameters.</p></li>
<li><p>A <em>MAC/Signature,</em> which contains a MAC or signature of the Key Value<em>.</em></p></li>
<li><p>An <em>IV/Counter/Nonce,</em> if REQUIRED by the wrapping method.</p></li>
<li><p>An <em>Encoding Option</em>, specifying the encoding of the Key Material within the Key Value structure of the Key Block that has been wrapped. If No Encoding is specified, then the Key Value structure SHALL NOT contain any attributes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If wrapping is used, then the whole Key Value structure is wrapped unless otherwise specified by the Wrapping Method. The algorithms used for wrapping are given by the Cryptographic Algorithm attributes of the encryption key and/or MAC/signature key; the block-cipher mode, padding method, and hashing algorithm used for wrapping are given by the Cryptographic Parameters in the Encryption Key Information and/or MAC/Signature Key Information, or, if not present, from the Cryptographic Parameters attribute of the respective key(s). Either the Encryption Key Information or the MAC/Signature Key Information (or both) in the Key Wrapping Data structure SHALL be specified.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following wrapping methods are currently defined:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Encrypt</em> only (i.e., encryption using a symmetric key or public key, or authenticated encryption algorithms that use a single key).</p></li>
<li><p><em>MAC/sign</em> only (i.e., either MACing the Key Value with a symmetric key, or signing the Key Value with a private key).</p></li>
<li><p><em>Encrypt then MAC/sign.</em></p></li>
<li><p><em>MAC/sign then encrypt.</em></p></li>
<li><p><em>TR-31.</em></p></li>
<li><p><em>Extensions.</em></p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:18pt">The following encoding options are currently defined:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>No Encoding</em> (i.e., the wrapped un-encoded value of the Byte String Key Material field in the Key Value structure).</p></li>
<li><p><em>TTLV Encoding</em> (i.e., the wrapped TTLV-encoded Key Value structure).</p></li>
</ul>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236464724" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497688" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932710" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128627" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307486" class="anchor"></span>Table 9: Key Wrapping Data Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrapping Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#wrapping-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see below</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. Corresponds to the key that was used to encrypt the Key Value.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see below</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. </span><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Corresponds to the symmetric key used to MAC the Key Value or the private key used to sign the Key Value</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV/Counter/Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#encoding-option-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.32</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. Specifies the encoding of the Key Value Byte String. If not present, the wrapped Key Value structure SHALL be TTLV encoded.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The structures of theEncryption Key Information (see <a href="#_Ref236465227">Table 10</a>) and the MAC/Signature Key Information (see <a href="#_Ref236465243">Table 11</a>) are as follows:</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236465227" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497689" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932711" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128628" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307487" class="anchor"></span>Table 10: Encryption Key Information Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text string, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc699" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref236465243" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497690" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932712" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128629" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307488" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_transparent%20key%20structures" class="anchor"></span>Table 11: MAC/Signature Key Information Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text string, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"> It SHALL be either the Unique Identifier of the Symmetric Key used to MAC, or of the Private Key (or its corresponding Public Key) used to sign.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="key-wrapping-specification">Key Wrapping Specification</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is a separate structure (see <a href="#_Ref236465334">Table 12</a>) that is defined for operations that provide the option to return wrapped keys. The <span style="color:#000000"><em>Key Wrapping Specification</em></span> SHALL be included inside the operation request if clients request the server to return a wrapped key. If Cryptographic Parameters are specified in the Encryption Key Information and/or<span style="color:#000000"><em> </em></span>the<span style="color:#000000"><em> </em></span>MAC/Signature Key Information of the Key Wrapping Specification, then the server SHALL verify that they match one of the instances of the Cryptographic Parameters attribute of the corresponding key. If Cryptographic Parameters are omitted, then the server SHALL use the Cryptographic Parameters attribute with the lowest Attribute Index of the corresponding key. If the corresponding key does not have any Cryptographic Parameters attribute, or if no match is found, then an error is returned.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This structure contains:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A Wrapping Method that indicates the method used to wrap the Key Value<em>.</em></p></li>
<li><p>Encryption Key Information with the Unique Identifier value of the encryption key and associated cryptographic parameters.</p></li>
<li><p>MAC/Signature Key Information with the Unique Identifier value of the MAC/signature key and associated cryptographic parameters.</p></li>
<li><p>Zero or more Attribute Names to indicate the attributes to be wrapped with the key material.</p></li>
<li><p>An Encoding Option, specifying the encoding of the Key Value before wrapping. If No Encoding is specified, then the Key Value SHALL NOT contain any attributes</p></li>
</ul>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236465334" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497691" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932713" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128630" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307489" class="anchor"></span>Table 12: Key Wrapping Specification Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Specification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrapping Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#wrapping-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, SHALL be present if MAC/Signature Key Information is omitted</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No, SHALL be present if Encryption Key Information is omitted</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#encoding-option-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.32</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. If Encoding Option is not present, the wrapped Key Value SHALL be TTLV encoded.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="transparent-key-structures">Transparent Key Structures</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><em>Transparent Key</em> structures describe the necessary parameters to obtain the key material. They are used in the Key Value structure. The mapping to the parameters specified in other standards is shown in <a href="#_Ref256500738">Table 13</a>.</p>
<table style="width:464.4pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.5pt">
<caption><span id="_Ref256500738" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932714" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128631" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307490" class="anchor"></span>Table 13: Parameter mapping.</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 21%" /><col style="width: 46%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Object</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Description</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Mapping</strong></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">P</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">For DSA and DH, the (large) prime field order.</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">For RSA, a prime factor of the modulus.</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">p in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a>, <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">p in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Q</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">For DSA and DH, the (small) prime multiplicative subgroup order.</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">For RSA, a prime factor of the modulus.</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">q in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a>, <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">q in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">G</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The generator of the subgroup of order Q.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">g in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a>, <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">X</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DSA or DH private key.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">x in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">x, x<sub>u,</sub> x<sub>v</sub> in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for static private keys</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">r, r<sub>u,</sub> r<sub>v</sub> in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for ephemeral private keys</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DSA or DH public key.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">y in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">y, y<sub>u,</sub> y<sub>v</sub> in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for static public keys</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">t, t<sub>u,</sub> t<sub>v</sub> in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for ephemeral public keys</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">J</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DH cofactor integer, where P = JQ + 1.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">j in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Modulus</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA modulus PQ, where P and Q are distinct primes.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">n in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Private Exponent</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA private exponent.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">d in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public Exponent</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA public exponent.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">e in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Prime Exponent P</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA private exponent for the prime factor P in the CRT format, i.e., Private Exponent (mod (P-1)).</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">dP in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Prime Exponent Q</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA private exponent for the prime factor Q in the CRT format, i.e., Private Exponent (mod (Q-1)).</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">dQ in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CRT Coefficient</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The (first) CRT coefficient, i.e., Q<sup>-1</sup> mod P.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">qInv in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Recommended Curve</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">NIST Recommended Curves (e.g., P-192).</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">See Appendix D of <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">D</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Elliptic curve private key.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">d; d<sub>e,U</sub>,d<sub>e,V</sub> (ephemeral private keys); d<sub>s,U</sub>,d<sub>s,V</sub> (static private keys) in <a href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Q String</td><td data-docx-cell-width="4320" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Elliptic curve public key.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2988" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Q; Q<sub>e,U</sub>,Q<sub>e,V</sub> (ephemeral public keys); Q<sub>s,U</sub>,Q<sub>s,V</sub> (static public keys) in <a href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a>, <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-symmetric-key">Transparent Symmetric Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent Symmetric Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref236465422">Table 14</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc797" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref236465422" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497692" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932715" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128632" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307491" class="anchor"></span>Table 14: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent Symmetric Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2471" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2444" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2471" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2444" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2471" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2444" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-dsa-private-key">Transparent DSA Private Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DSA Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144564">Table 15</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc855" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref239144564" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497693" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932716" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128633" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307492" class="anchor"></span>Table 15: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DSA Private Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2455" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2461" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-dsa-public-key">Transparent DSA Public Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DSA Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144580">Table 16</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc913" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref239144580" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497694" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932717" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128634" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307493" class="anchor"></span>Table 16: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DSA Public Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-rsa-private-key">Transparent RSA Private Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent RSA Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144599">Table 17</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref239144599" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497695" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932718" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128635" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307494" class="anchor"></span>Table 17: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent RSA Private Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modulus</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CRT Coefficient</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">One of the following SHALL be present (refer to <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>):</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Private Exponent<span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;318&quot; w:name=&quot;DDE_LINK4&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;318&quot;/&gt;</span>,</p></li>
<li><p>P and Q (the first two prime factors of Modulus), or</p></li>
<li><p>Prime Exponent P and Prime Exponent Q.</p></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="transparent-rsa-public-key">Transparent RSA Public Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent RSA Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144614">Table 18</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1053" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref239144614" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497696" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932719" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128636" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307495" class="anchor"></span>Table 18: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent RSA Public Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modulus</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-dh-private-key">Transparent DH Private Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DH Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144630">Table 19</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref239144630" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497697" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932720" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128637" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307496" class="anchor"></span>Table 19: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DH Private Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">J</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">X</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-dh-public-key">Transparent DH Public Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DH Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144645">Table 20</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref239144645" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497698" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932721" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128638" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307497" class="anchor"></span>Table 20: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DH Public Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">J</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecdsa-private-key">Transparent ECDSA Private Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECDSA Private Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Private Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDSA Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144657">Table 21</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1229" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref239144657" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497699" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932722" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128639" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307498" class="anchor"></span>Table 21: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDSA Private Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecdsa-public-key">Transparent ECDSA Public Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECDSA Public Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Public Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDSA Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144670">Table 22</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref239144670" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497700" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932723" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128640" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307499" class="anchor"></span>Table 22: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDSA Public Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecdh-private-key">Transparent ECDH Private Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECDH Private Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Private Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDH Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144681">Table 23</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1309" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref239144681" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497701" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932724" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128641" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307500" class="anchor"></span>Table 23: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDH Private Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecdh-public-key">Transparent ECDH Public Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECDH Public Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Public Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDH Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref239144693">Table 24</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1350" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref239144693" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497702" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932725" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128642" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307501" class="anchor"></span>Table 24: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDH Public Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecmqv-private-key">Transparent ECMQV Private Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECMQV Private Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Private Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECMQV Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref241596456">Table 25</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref241596456" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932726" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128643" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307502" class="anchor"></span>Table 25: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECMQV Private Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecmqv-public-key">Transparent ECMQV Public Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Transparent ECMQV Public Key structure is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Public Key structure SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECMQV Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref241596478">Table 26</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref241596478" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932727" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128644" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307503" class="anchor"></span>Table 26: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECMQV Public Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ec-private-key">Transparent EC Private Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent EC Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref387945532">Table 27</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref387945532" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc387945234" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128645" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307504" class="anchor"></span>Table 27: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent EC Private Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ec-public-key">Transparent EC Public Key</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent EC Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a href="#_Ref387945531">Table 28</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref387945531" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc387945235" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128646" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307505" class="anchor"></span>Table 28: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent EC Public Keys</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2456" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2457" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2460" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="template-attribute-structures">Template-Attribute Structures</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a <em>Name</em> within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">These structures are used in various operations to provide the desired attribute values and/or template names in the request and to return the actual attribute values in the response.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <span style="color:#000000"><em>Template-Attribute</em></span>, <em>Common Template-Attribute</em>, <em>Private Key Template-Attribute,</em> and <em>Public Key Template-Attribute</em> structures are defined identically as follows:</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497703" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932728" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128647" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307506" class="anchor"></span><span id="DDE_LINK5" class="anchor"></span>Table 29: Template-Attribute Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute,</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Template-Attribute, Private Key Template-Attribute,</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated. (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Object, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Name is the Name attribute of the Template object defined in Section <a href="#template"><em>2.2.6</em></a>.<span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;482&quot;/&gt;</span></p>
<h3 id="extension-information">Extension Information</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An <em>Extension Information</em> object is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref297814968">Table 30</a>) describing Objects with Item Tag values in the Extensions range. The Extension Name is a Text String that is used to name the Object (first column of <a href="#_Ref297913892">Table 288</a>). The Extension Tag is the Item Tag Value of the Object (see <a href="#_Ref297913892">Table 288</a>). The Extension Type is the Item Type Value of the Object (see <a href="#_Ref297913935">Table 286</a>).</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref297814968" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932729" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128648" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307507" class="anchor"></span>Table 30: Extension Information Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Tag</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2805" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2513" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="data">Data</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Data</em> object is used in requests and responses in cryptographic operations that pass data between the client and the server.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128649" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307508" class="anchor"></span>Table 31: Data Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="data-length">Data Length</h3>
<p>The <em>Data Length</em> is used in requests in cryptographic operations to indicate the amount of data expected in a response.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128650" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307509" class="anchor"></span>Table 32: Data Length Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data Length</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Integer</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="signature-data">Signature Data</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Signature Data</em> is used in requests and responses in cryptographic operations that pass signature data between the client and the server.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128651" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307510" class="anchor"></span>Table 33: Signature Data Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Signature Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="mac-data">MAC Data</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>MAC Data</em> is used in requests and responses in cryptographic operations that pass MAC data between the client and the server.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128652" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307511" class="anchor"></span>Table 34: MAC Data Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MAC Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="nonce">Nonce</h3>
<p>A <em>Nonce</em> object is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref238285444">Table 35</a>) used by the server to send a random value to the client. The Nonce Identifier is assigned by the server and used to identify the Nonce object. The Nonce Value consists of the random data created by the server.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref238285444" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128653" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307512" class="anchor"></span>Table 35: Nonce Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="correlation-value">Correlation Value</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Correlation Value</em> is used in requests and responses in cryptographic operations that support multi-part (streaming) operations. This is generated by the server and returned in the first response to an operation that is being performed across multiple requests. Note: the server decides which operations are supported for multi-part usage. A server-generated correlation value SHALL be specified in any subsequent cryptographic operations that pertain to the original operation.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc389765905" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128654" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307513" class="anchor"></span>Table 36: Correlation Value Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="init-indicator">Init Indicator</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Init Indicator</em> is used in requests in cryptographic operations that support multi-part (streaming) operations. This is provided in the first request with a value of True to an operation that is being performed across multiple requests.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc389765906" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128655" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307514" class="anchor"></span>Table 37: Init Indicator Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Boolean</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="final-indicator">Final Indicator</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Final Indicator</em> is used in requests in cryptographic operations that support multi-part (streaming) operations. This is provided in the final (last) request with a value of True to an operation that is being performed across multiple requests.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc389765907" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128656" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307515" class="anchor"></span>Table 38: Final Indicator Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Boolean</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="rng-parameters">RNG Parameters</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>RNG Parameters</em> base object is a structure that contains a mandatory RNG Algorithm and a set of OPTIONAL fields that describe a Random Number Generator. Specific fields pertain only to certain types of RNGs.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The RNG Algorithm SHALL be specified and if the algorithm implemented is unknown or the implementation does not want to provide the specific details of the RNG Algorithm then the Unspecified enumeration SHALL be used.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the cryptographic building blocks used within the RNG are known they MAY be specified in combination of the remaining fields within the RNG Parameters structure.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128657" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307516" class="anchor"></span>Table 39: RNG Parameters Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#rng-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.37</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.13</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.16</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DRBG Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#drbg-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">FIPS186 Variation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#fips186-variation-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.39</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prediction Resistance</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="profile-information">Profile Information</h3>
<p>The <em>Profile Information</em> base object is a structure that contains details of the supported profiles. Specific fields MAY pertain only to certain types of profiles.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128658" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307517" class="anchor"></span>Table 40: Profile Information Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#profile-name-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.42</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Port</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="validation-information">Validation Information</h3>
<p>The <em>Validation Information</em> base object is a structure that contains details of a formal validation. Specific fields MAY pertain only to certain types of validations.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128659" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307518" class="anchor"></span>Table 41: Validation Information Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#validation-authority-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.40</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority Country</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Version Major</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Version Minor</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#_Ref409722790"><span style="font-size:10pt">0</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Level</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Certificate URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Vendor URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Profile</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String (MAY be repeated)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The Validation Authority along with the Validation Version Major, Validation Type and Validation Level SHALL be provided to uniquely identify a validation for a given validation authority. If the Validation Certificate URI is not provided the server SHOULD include a Validation Vendor URI from which information related to the validation is available.</p>
<p>The Validation Authority Country is the two letter ISO country code.</p>
<h3 id="capability-information">Capability Information</h3>
<p>The <em>Capability Information</em> base object is a structure that contains details of the supported capabilities.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128660" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307519" class="anchor"></span>Table 42: Capability Information Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Capability Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Streaming Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Undo Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Continue Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unwrap Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#unwrap-mode-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.43</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Action</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#destroy-action-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.44</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Shredding Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#shredding-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.45</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#rng-mode-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.46</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="authenticated-encryption-additional-data">Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</h3>
<p>The Authenticated Encryption Additional Data object is used in authenticated encryption and decryption operations that require the optional additional data to be provided by the client.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128661" class="anchor"></span>Table 43 Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="authenticated-encryption-tag">Authenticated Encryption Tag</h3>
<p>The Authenticated Encryption Tag object is used to validate the integrity of the data encrypted and decrypted in Authenticated Encryption modes. It is an output from the encryption process and an input to the decryption process. See <a href="#SP800_38D"><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong></a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128662" class="anchor"></span>Table 44 Authenticated Encryption Tag</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authenticated Encryption Tag</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="managed-objects">Managed Objects</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Managed Objects are objects that are the subjects of key management operations, which are described in Sections <a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a> and <a href="#server-to-client-operations">5</a>. <em>Managed Cryptographic Objects</em> are the subset of Managed Objects that contain cryptographic material (e.g., certificates, keys, and secret data).</p>
<h3 id="certificate">Certificate</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a digital certificate. It is a DER-encoded X.509 public key certificate. The PGP certificate type is deprecated as of version 1.2 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. The PGP Key object (see section <a href="#pgp-key">2.2.9</a>) SHOULD be used instead.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1437" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497704" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932730" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128663" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307520" class="anchor"></span>Table 45: Certificate Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#certificate-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="symmetric-key">Symmetric Key</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a symmetric key.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1469" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497705" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932731" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128664" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307521" class="anchor"></span>Table 46: Symmetric Key Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="public-key">Public Key</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is the public portion of an asymmetric key pair. This is only a public key, not a certificate.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1501" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497706" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932732" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128665" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307522" class="anchor"></span>Table 47: Public Key Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="private-key">Private Key</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is the private portion of an asymmetric key pair.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1533" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497707" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932733" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128666" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307523" class="anchor"></span>Table 48: Private Key Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="split-key">Split Key</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a <em>Split Key</em>. A split key is a secret, usually a symmetric key or a private key that has been split into a number of parts, each of which MAY then be distributed to several key holders, for additional security. The <em>Split Key Parts</em> field indicates the total number of parts, and the <em>Split Key Threshold</em> field indicates the minimum number of parts needed to reconstruct the entire key. The <em>Key Part Identifier</em> indicates which key part is contained in the cryptographic object, and SHALL be at least 1 and SHALL be less than or equal to Split Key Parts.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497708" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932734" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128667" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307524" class="anchor"></span>Table 49: Split Key Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Parts</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Part Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Threshold</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#split-key-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Field Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, REQUIRED only if Split Key Method is Polynomial Sharing Prime Field.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">There are three <em>Split Key Methods</em> for secret sharing: the first one is based on XOR, and the other two are based on polynomial secret sharing, according to <a href="#w1979"><strong>[w1979]</strong></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Let <span style="color:#000000"><em>L</em></span> be the minimum number of bits needed to represent all values of the secret.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>When the Split Key Method is XOR, then the Key Material in the Key Value of the Key Block is of length <span style="color:#000000"><em>L</em></span> bits. The number of split keys is Split Key Parts (identical to Split Key Threshold), and the secret is reconstructed by XORing all of the parts.</p></li>
<li><p>When the Split Key Method is Polynomial Sharing Prime Field, then secret sharing is performed in the field GF(<em>Prime Field Size</em>), represented as integers, where Prime Field Size is a prime bigger than 2<sup><em>L</em></sup>.</p></li>
<li><p>When the Split Key Method is Polynomial Sharing GF(2<sup>16</sup>), then secret sharing is performed in the field GF(2<sup>16</sup>). The Key Material in the Key Value of the Key Block is a bit string of length <span style="color:#000000"><em>L</em></span>, and when <span style="color:#000000"><em>L</em></span> is bigger than 2<sup>16</sup>, then secret sharing is applied piecewise in pieces of 16 bits each. The Key Material in the Key Value of the Key Block is the concatenation of the corresponding shares of all pieces of the secret.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">Secret sharing is performed in the field GF(2<sup>16</sup>), which is represented as an algebraic extension of GF(2<sup>8</sup>):</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">GF(2<sup>16</sup>) ≈ GF(2<sup>8</sup>) [<em>y</em>]/(<em>y<sup>2</sup>+y+m</em>), where <em>m</em> is defined later.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">An element of this field then consists of a linear combination <em>uy + v</em>, where <em>u</em> and <em>v</em> are elements of the smaller field GF(2<sup>8</sup>).</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">The representation of field elements and the notation in this section rely on <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>, Sections 3 and 4. The field GF(2<sup>8</sup>) is as described in <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>,</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">GF(2<sup>8</sup>) ≈ GF(2) [<em>x</em>]/(<em>x<sup>8</sup>+x<sup>4</sup>+x<sup>3</sup>+x+</em>1).</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">An element of GF(2<sup>8</sup>) is represented as a byte. Addition and subtraction in GF(2<sup>8</sup>) is performed as a bit-wise XOR of the bytes. Multiplication and inversion are more complex (see <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a> Section 4.1 and 4.2 for details).</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">An element of GF(2<sup>16</sup>) is represented as a pair of bytes (<em>u, v</em>). The element <em>m</em> is given by</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt"><em>m</em> = <em>x<sup>5</sup>+x<sup>4</sup>+x<sup>3</sup>+x,</em></p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">which is represented by the byte 0x3A (or {3A} in notation according to <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>).</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">Addition and subtraction in GF(2<sup>16</sup>) both correspond to simply XORing the bytes. The product of two elements <em>ry + s</em> and <em>uy + v</em> is given by</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">(<em>ry</em> + <em>s</em>) (<em>uy</em> + <em>v</em>) = ((<em>r</em> + <em>s</em>)(<em>u</em> + <em>v</em>) + <em>sv</em>)<em>y</em> + (<em>ru</em> + <em>svm</em>).</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">The inverse of an element <em>uy</em> + <em>v</em> is given by</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">(<em>uy</em> + <em>v</em>)<sup>-1</sup> = <em>ud</em><sup>-1</sup><em>y</em> + (<em>u</em> + <em>v</em>)<em>d</em><sup>-1</sup>, where <em>d</em> = (<em>u</em> + <em>v</em>)<em>v</em> + <em>mu<sup>2</sup>.</em></p>
<h3 id="template">Template</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a <em>Template</em>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Template</em> is a named Managed Object containing the client-settable attributes of a Managed Cryptographic Object. A Template is used to specify the attributes of a new Managed Cryptographic Object invarious operations. Attributes associated with a Managed Object MAY also be specified in the Template-Attribute structures in the operations in Section <a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Attributes specified in a Template apply to any object created that reference the Template by name using the Name object in any of the Template-Attribute structures in Section <a href="#transparent-ec-private-key">2.1.7.14</a>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The name of a Template (as it is for any Managed Object) is specified as an Attribute in the Template-Attribute structure in the Register operation where the Attribute Name is &quot;Name&quot; and the Attribute Value is the name of the Template Managed Object.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1668" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_obj_PolicyTemplate" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc233710816" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc233710817" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc233710818" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc233710823" class="anchor"></span><span id="_toc1711" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497709" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932735" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128668" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307525" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_secret%20data" class="anchor"></span>Table 50: Template Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2652" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2652" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Object, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2652" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes. MAY be repeated.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="secret-data">Secret Data</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object containing a shared secret value that is not a key or certificate (e.g., a password). The Key Block of the <em>Secret Data</em> object contains a Key Value of the Secret Data Type. The Key Value MAY be wrapped.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1752" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497710" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932736" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128669" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307526" class="anchor"></span>Table 51: Secret Data Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#secret-data-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="opaque-object">Opaque Object</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Object that the key management server is possibly not able to interpret. The context information for this object MAY be stored and retrieved using Custom Attributes.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1793" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497711" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932737" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128670" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307527" class="anchor"></span>Table 52: Opaque Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#opaque-data-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.10</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="pgp-key">PGP Key</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a text-based representation of a PGP key. The Key Block field, indicated below, will contain the ASCII-armored export of a PGP key in the format as specified in RFC 4880. It MAY contain only a public key block, or both a public and private key block. Two different versions of PGP keys, version 3 and version 4, MAY be stored in this Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<p>KMIP implementers SHOULD treat the Key Block field as an opaque blob. PGP-aware KMIP clients SHOULD take on the responsibility of decomposing the Key Block into other Managed Cryptographic Objects (Public Keys, Private Keys, etc.).</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128671" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307528" class="anchor"></span>Table 53: PGP Key Object Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP Key Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2664" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2666" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="attributes">Attributes</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following subsections describe the attributes that are associated with Managed Objects. Attributes that an object MAY have multiple instances of are referred to as <em>multi-instance attributes</em>. All instances of an attribute SHOULD have a different value. Similarly, attributes which an object SHALL only have at most one instance of are referred to as <em>single-instance attributes</em>. Attributes are able to be obtained by a client from the server using the Get Attribute operation. Some attributes are able to be set by the Add Attribute operation or updated by the Modify Attribute operation, and some are able to be deleted by the Delete Attribute operation if they no longer apply to the Managed Object. <em>Read-only attributes</em> are attributes that SHALL NOT be modified by either server or client, and that SHALL NOT be deleted by a client.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When attributes are returned by the server (e.g., via a Get Attributes operation), the attribute value returned MAY differ for different clients (e.g., the Cryptographic Usage Mask value MAY be different for different clients, depending on the policy of the server).</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The first table in each subsection contains the attribute name in the first row. This name is the canonical name used when managing attributes using the Get Attributes, Get Attribute List, Add Attribute, Modify Attribute, and Delete Attribute operations.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A server SHALL NOT delete attributes without receiving a request from a client until the object is destroyed. After an object is destroyed, the server MAY retain all, some or none of the object attributes, depending on the object type and server policy.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The second table in each subsection lists certain attribute characteristics (e.g., “SHALL always have a value”): <a href="#_Ref242790362">Table 54</a> below explains the meaning of each characteristic that MAY appear in those tables. The server policy MAY further restrict these attribute characteristics.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref242790362" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932738" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128672" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307529" class="anchor"></span>Table 54: Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Managed Objects that are of the Object Types for which this attribute applies, SHALL always have this attribute set once the object has been created or registered, up until the object has been destroyed.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Who is permitted to initially set the value of the attribute (if the attribute has never been set, or if all the attribute values have been deleted)?</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Is the server allowed to change an existing value of the attribute without receiving a request from a client?</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Is the client able to change an existing value of the attribute value once it has been set?</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Is the client able to delete an instance of the attribute?</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Are multiple instances of the attribute permitted?</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Which operations MAY cause this attribute to be set even if the attribute is not specified in the operation request itself?</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Which Managed Objects MAY have this attribute set?</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="unique-identifier">Unique Identifier</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Unique Identifier</em> is generated by the key management system to uniquely identify a Managed Object. It is only REQUIRED to be unique within the identifier space managed by a single key management system, however this identifier SHOULD be globally unique in order to allow for a key management domain export of such objects. This attribute SHALL be assigned by the key management system at creation or registration time, and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497712" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932739" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128673" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307530" class="anchor"></span>Table 55: Unique Identifier Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1872" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497713" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932740" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128674" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307531" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_name%20attribute" class="anchor"></span>Table 56: Unique Identifier Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="name">Name</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Name</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236467588">Table 57</a>) used to identify and locate an object. This attribute is assigned by the client, and the <em>Name Value</em> is intended to be in a form that humans are able to interpret. The key management system MAY specify rules by which the client creates valid names. Clients are informed of such rules by a mechanism that is not specified by this standard. Names SHALL be unique within a given key management domain, but are NOT REQUIRED to be globally unique.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236467588" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497714" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932741" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128675" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307532" class="anchor"></span>Table 57: Name Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#name-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc1964" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497715" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932742" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128676" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307533" class="anchor"></span>Table 58: Name Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="object-type">Object Type</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Object Type</em> of a Managed Object (e.g., public key, private key, symmetric key, etc.) SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497716" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932743" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128677" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307534" class="anchor"></span>Table 59: Object Type Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#object-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.12</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc2038" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497717" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932744" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128678" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307535" class="anchor"></span>Table 60: Object Type Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="cryptographic-algorithm">Cryptographic Algorithm</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Cryptographic Algorithm</em> of an object. The Cryptographic Algorithm of a Certificate object identifies the algorithm for the public key contained within the Certificate. The digital signature algorithm used to sign the Certificate is identified in the Digital Signature Algorithm attribute defined in Section <a href="#digital-signature-algorithm">3.16</a>. This attribute SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497718" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932745" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128679" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307536" class="anchor"></span>Table 61: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.13</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc2112" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497719" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932746" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128680" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307537" class="anchor"></span>Table 62: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certify, Create, Create Key Pair, Re-certify, Register, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Keys, Certificates, Templates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="cryptographic-length">Cryptographic Length</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For keys, <em>Cryptographic Length</em> is the length in bits of the clear-text cryptographic key material of the Managed Cryptographic Object. For certificates, <em>Cryptographic Length</em> is the length in bits of the public key contained within the Certificate. This attribute SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered, and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497720" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932747" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128681" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307538" class="anchor"></span>Table 63: Cryptographic Length Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc2186" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497721" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932748" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128682" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307539" class="anchor"></span>Table 64: Cryptographic Length Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certify, Create, Create Key Pair, Re-certify, Register, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Keys, Certificates, Templates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="cryptographic-parameters">Cryptographic Parameters</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Cryptographic Parameters</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236468052">Table 65</a>) that contains a set of OPTIONAL fields that describe certain cryptographic parameters to be used when performing cryptographic operations using the object. Specific fields MAY pertain only to certain types of Managed Cryptographic Objects. The Cryptographic Parameters attribute of a Certificate object identifies the cryptographic parameters of the public key contained within the Certificate.</p>
<p>The Cryptographic Algorithm is also used to specify the parameters for cryptographic operations. For operations involving digital signatures, either the Digital Signature Algorithm can be specified or the Cryptographic Algorithm and Hashing Algorithm combination can be specified.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Random IV can be used to request that the KMIP server generate an appropriate IV for a cryptographic operation that uses an IV. The generated Random IV is returned in the response to the cryptographic operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">IV Length is the length of the Initialization Vector in bits. This parameter SHALL be provided when the specified Block Cipher Mode supports variable IV lengths such as CTR or GCM.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Tag Length is the length of the authentication tag in bytes. This parameter SHALL be provided when the Block Cipher Mode is GCM or CCM.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The IV used with counter modes of operation (e.g., CTR and GCM) cannot repeat for a given cryptographic key. To prevent an IV/key reuse, the IV is often constructed of three parts: a fixed field, an invocation field, and a counter as described in <a href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a> and <a href="#SP800_38D"><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong></a>. The Fixed Field Length is the length of the fixed field portion of the IV in bits. The Invocation Field Length is the length of the invocation field portion of the IV in bits. The Counter Length is the length of the counter portion of the IV in bits.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Initial Counter Value is the starting counter value for CTR mode (for <a href="#RFC3686"><strong>[RFC3686]</strong></a> it is 1).</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236468052" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497722" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932749" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128683" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307540" class="anchor"></span>Table 65: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Block Cipher Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#block-cipher-mode-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Padding Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#padding-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.15</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Role Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#key-role-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.17</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.7</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.13</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Random IV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No unless Block Cipher Mode supports variable IV lengths</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tag Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No unless Block Cipher Mode is GCM</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fixed Field Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Invocation Field Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Counter Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Counter Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Salt Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No (if omitted, defaults to the block size of the Mask Generator Hashing Algorithm)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Mask Generator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#mask-generator-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.49</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No (if omitted defaults to MGF1).</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Mask Generator Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No. (if omitted defaults to SHA-1).</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P Source</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No (if omitted, defaults to an empty byte string for encoding input P in OAEP padding)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Trailer Field</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No (if omitted, defaults to the standard one-byte trailer in PSS padding)</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497723" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932750" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128684" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307541" class="anchor"></span>Table 66: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Keys, Certificates, Templates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Key Role Type definitions match those defined in ANSI X9 TR-31 <a href="#TR31"><strong>[X9 TR-31]</strong></a> and are defined in <a href="#_Ref239741961">Table 67</a>:</p>
<table align="center" style="width:362.65pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc2343" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref239741961" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497724" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932751" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128685" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307542" class="anchor"></span>Table 67: Key Role Types</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 14%" /><col style="width: 63%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BDK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Base Derivation Key (ANSI X9.24 DUKPT key derivation)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CVK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Card Verification Key (CVV/signature strip number validation)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DEK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data Encryption Key (General Data Encryption)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Application Cryptograms</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKSMC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Confidentiality</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKSMI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Integrity</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKDAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Data Authentication Code</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKDN</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Dynamic Numbers</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKCP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Card Personalization</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKOTH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EMV/chip card Master Key: Other</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">KEK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Encryption or Wrapping Key</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC16609</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO16609 MAC Algorithm 1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97971</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97972</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 2</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97973</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 3 (Note this is commonly known as X9.19 Retail MAC)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97974</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 4</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97975</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 5</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ZPK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PIN Block Encryption Key</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKIBM</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PIN Verification Key, IBM 3624 Algorithm</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKPVV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PIN Verification Key, VISA PVV Algorithm</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1313" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKOTH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5940" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PIN Verification Key, Other Algorithm</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Accredited Standards Committee X9, Inc. - Financial Industry Standards (www.x9.org) contributed to <a href="#_Ref239741961">Table 67</a>. Key role names and descriptions are derived from material in the Accredited Standards Committee X9, Inc.&#039;s Technical Report &quot;TR-31 2010 Interoperable Secure Key Exchange Key Block Specification for Symmetric Algorithms&quot; and used with the permission of Accredited Standards Committee X9, Inc. in an effort to improve interoperability between X9 standards and OASIS KMIP. The complete ANSI X9 TR-31 is available at www.x9.org.</p>
<h2 id="cryptographic-domain-parameters">Cryptographic Domain Parameters</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Cryptographic Domain Parameters</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref241598376">Table 68</a>) that contains a set of OPTIONAL fields that MAY need to be specified in the Create Key Pair Request Payload. Specific fields MAY only pertain to certain types of Managed Cryptographic Objects.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The domain parameter Qlength correponds to the bit length of parameter Q (refer to <a href="#SEC2"><strong>[SEC2]</strong></a> and <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a>). Qlength applies to algorithms such as DSA and DH. The bit length of parameter P (refer to <a href="#SEC2"><strong>[SEC2]</strong></a> and <a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a>) is specified separately by setting the Cryptographic Length attribute.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Recommended Curve is applicable to elliptic curve algorithms such as ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref241598376" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236637738" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932752" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128686" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307543" class="anchor"></span>Table 68: Cryptographic Domain Parameters Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Required</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Domain Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Qlength</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236637739" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932753" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128687" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307544" class="anchor"></span>Table 69: Cryptographic Domain Parameters Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Shall always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Keys, Templates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certificate-type">Certificate Type</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Type</em> attribute is a type of certificate (e.g., X.509). The PGP certificate type is deprecated as of version 1.2 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Type</em> value SHALL be set by the server when the certificate is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497725" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932754" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128688" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307545" class="anchor"></span>Table 70: Certificate Type Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#certificate-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc2417" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref310842699" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497726" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref310842693" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932755" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128689" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307546" class="anchor"></span>Table 71: Certificate Type Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certificate-length">Certificate Length</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Length</em> attribute is the length in bytes of the Certificate object. The <em>Certificate Length</em> SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered, and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932756" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128690" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307547" class="anchor"></span>Table 72: Certificate Length Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932757" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128691" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307548" class="anchor"></span>Table 73: Certificate Length Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="x.509-certificate-identifier">X.509 Certificate Identifier</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>X.509</em> <em>Certificate Identifier</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref310842826">Table 74</a>) used to provide the identification of an X.509 public key certificate. The X.509 Certificate Identifier contains the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Issuer field of the X.509 certificate) and the Certificate Serial Number (i.e., from the Serial Number field of the X.509 certificate). The X.509 Certificate Identifier SHALL be set by the server when the X.509 certificate is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref310842826" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932758" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128692" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307549" class="anchor"></span>Table 74: X.509 Certificate Identifier Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932759" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128693" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307550" class="anchor"></span>Table 75: X.509 Certificate Identifier Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="x.509-certificate-subject">X.509 Certificate Subject</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>X.509 Certificate Subject</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref310843445">Table 76</a>) used to identify the subject of a X.509 certificate. The X.509 Certificate Subject contains the Subject Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Subject field of the X.509 certificate). It MAY include one or more alternative names (e.g., email address, IP address, DNS name) for the subject of the X.509 certificate (i.e., from the Subject Alternative Name extension within the X.509 certificate). The X.509 Certificate Subject SHALL be set by the server based on the information it extracts from the X.509 certificate that is created (as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation) or registered (as part of a Register operation) and SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Subject Alternative Name extension is included in the X.509 certificate and is marked critical within the X.509 certificate itself, then an X.509 certificate MAY be issued with the subject field left blank. Therefore an empty string is an acceptable value for the Subject Distinguished Name.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref310843445" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932760" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128694" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307551" class="anchor"></span>Table 76: X.509 Certificate Subject Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, </span><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">but MAY be the empty string</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes, if the Subject Distinguished Name is an empty string. MAY be repeated</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932761" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128695" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307552" class="anchor"></span>Table 77: X.509 Certificate Subject Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="x.509-certificate-issuer">X.509 Certificate Issuer</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>X.509 Certificate Issuer</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref310843446">Table 82</a>) used to identify the issuer of a X.509 certificate, containing the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Issuer field of the X.509 certificate). It MAY include one or more alternative names (e.g., email address, IP address, DNS name) for the issuer of the certificate (i.e., from the Issuer Alternative Name extension within the X.509 certificate). The server SHALL set these values based on the information it extracts from a X.509 certificate that is created as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation or is sent as part of a Register operation. These values SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932762" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128696" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307553" class="anchor"></span>Table 78: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932763" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128697" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307554" class="anchor"></span>Table 79: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certificate-identifier">Certificate Identifier</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This attribute is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of this specification. The X.509 Certificate Identifier attribute (see Section 3.10) SHOULD be used instead.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Identifier</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236469466">Table 80</a>) used to provide the identification of a certificate. For X.509 certificates, it contains the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Issuer field of the certificate) and the Certificate Serial Number (i.e., from the Serial Number field of the certificate). For PGP certificates, the Issuer contains the OpenPGP Key ID of the key issuing the signature (the signature that represents the certificate). The Certificate Identifier SHALL be set by the server when the certificate is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236469466" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497727" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932764" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128698" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307555" class="anchor"></span>Table 80: Certificate Identifier Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes (for X.509 certificates) / No (for PGP certificates since they do not contain a serial number)</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc2509" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497728" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932765" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128699" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307556" class="anchor"></span>Table 81: Certificate Identifier Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certificate-subject">Certificate Subject</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This attribute is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of this specification. The X.509 Certificate Subject attribute (see Section 3.11) SHOULD be used instead.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Subject</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236469558">Table 82</a>) used to identify the subject of a certificate. For X.509 certificates, it contains the Subject Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Subject field of the certificate). It MAY include one or more alternative names (e.g., email address, IP address, DNS name) for the subject of the certificate (i.e., from the Subject Alternative Name extension within the certificate). For PGP certificates, the Certificate Subject Distinguished Name contains the content of the first User ID packet in the PGP certificate (that is, the first User ID packet after the Public-Key packet in the transferable public key that forms the PGP certificate). These values SHALL be set by the server based on the information it extracts from the certificate that is created (as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation) or registered (as part of a Register operation) and SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Subject Alternative Name extension is included in the certificate and is marked <em>CRITICAL</em> (i.e., within the certificate itself), then it is possible to issue an X.509 certificate where the subject field is left blank. Therefore an empty string is an acceptable value for the Certificate Subject Distinguished Name.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236469558" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref310843446" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497729" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932766" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128700" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307557" class="anchor"></span>Table 82: Certificate Subject Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes, but MAY be the empty string</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc2602" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497730" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932767" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128701" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307558" class="anchor"></span>Table 83: Certificate Subject Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certificate-issuer">Certificate Issuer</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This attribute is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of this specification. The X.509 Certificate Issuer attribute (see Section 3.12) SHOULD be used instead.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Certificate Issuer</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref241597701">Table 85</a>) used to identify the issuer of a certificate, containing the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Issuer field of the certificate). It MAY include one or more alternative names (e.g., email address, IP address, DNS name) for the issuer of the certificate (i.e., from the Issuer Alternative Name extension within the certificate). The server SHALL set these values based on the information it extracts from a certificate that is created as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation or is sent as part of a Register operation. These values SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932768" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128702" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307559" class="anchor"></span>Table 84: Certificate Issuer Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref241597701" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932769" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128703" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307560" class="anchor"></span>Table 85: Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register, Certify, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="digital-signature-algorithm">Digital Signature Algorithm</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Digital Signature Algorithm</em> attribute identifies the digital signature algorithm associated with a digitally signed object (e.g., Certificate). This attribute SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932770" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128704" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307561" class="anchor"></span>Table 86: Digital Signature Algorithm Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.7</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932771" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128705" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307562" class="anchor"></span>Table 87: Digital Signature Algorithm Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes for PGP keys. No for X.509 certificates.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certify, Re-certify, Register</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificates, PGP keys</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="digest">Digest</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Digest</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236496421">Table 88</a>) that contains the digest value of the key or secret data (i.e., digest of the Key Material), certificate (i.e., digest of the Certificate Value), or opaque object (i.e., digest of the Opaque Data Value). If the Key Material is a Byte String, then the Digest Value SHALL be calculated on this Byte String. If the Key Material is a structure, then the Digest Value SHALL be calculated on the TTLV-encoded (see Section <a href="#ttlv-encoding">9.1</a>) Key Material structure. The Key Format Type field in the Digest attribute indicates the format of the Managed Object from which the Digest Value was calculated. Multiple digests MAY be calculated using different algorithms listed in Section <a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.16</a> and/or key format types listed in Section <a href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a>. If this attribute exists, then it SHALL have a mandatory attribute instance computed with the SHA-256 hashing algorithm. For objects registered by a client, the server SHALL compute the digest of the mandatory attribute instance using the Key Format Type of the registered object. In all other cases, the server MAY use any Key Format Type when computing the digest of the mandatory attribute instance, provided it is able to serve the object to clients in that same format. The digest(s) are static and SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered, provided that the server has access to the Key Material or the Digest Value (possibly obtained via out-of-band mechanisms).</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236496421" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497731" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932772" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128706" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307563" class="anchor"></span>Table 88: Digest Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if the server has access to the Digest Value or the Key Material (for keys and secret data), the Certificate Value (for certificates) or the Opaque Data Value (for opaque objects).</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if the Managed Object is a key or secret data object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc2694" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497732" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932773" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128707" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307564" class="anchor"></span>Table 89: Digest Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if the server has access to the Digest Value or the Key Material (for keys and secret data), the Certificate Value (for certificates) or the Opaque Data Value (for opaque objects).</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="operation-policy-name">Operation Policy Name</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Operation Policy Name</em> Attribute is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An operation policy controls what entities MAY perform which key management operations on the object. The content of the <em>Operation Policy Name</em> attribute is the name of a policy object known to the key management system and, therefore, is server dependent. The named policy objects are created and managed using mechanisms outside the scope of the protocol. The policies determine what entities MAY perform specified operations on the object, and which of the object’s attributes MAY be modified or deleted. The Operation Policy Name attribute SHOULD be set when operations that result in a new Managed Object on the server are executed. It is set either explicitly or via some default set by the server, which then applies the named policy to all subsequent operations on the object.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497733" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932774" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128708" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307565" class="anchor"></span>Table 90: Operation Policy Name Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Policy Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc2768" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497734" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932775" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128709" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307566" class="anchor"></span>Table 91: Operation Policy Name Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="operations-outside-of-operation-policy-control">Operations outside of operation policy control</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Some of the operations SHOULD be allowed for any client at any time, without respect to operation policy. These operations are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Create</p></li>
<li><p>Create Key Pair</p></li>
<li><p>Register</p></li>
<li><p>Certify</p></li>
<li><p>Re-certify</p></li>
<li><p>Validate</p></li>
<li><p>Query</p></li>
<li><p>Cancel</p></li>
<li><p>Poll</p></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="default-operation-policy">Default Operation Policy</h3>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A key management system implementation MAY implement a named operation policy, which is used for objects when the <em>Operation Policy</em> attribute is not specified by the Client in operations that result in a new Managed Object on the server, or in a template specified in these operations. This policy is named <em>default</em>. It specifies the following rules for operations on objects created or registered with this policy, depending on the object type.</p>
<h4 id="default-operation-policy-for-secret-objects"><em> </em>Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This policy applies to Symmetric Keys, Private Keys, Split Keys, Secret Data, and Opaque Objects.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Default Operation Policy for Template Objects is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497735" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932776" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128710" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307567" class="anchor"></span>Table 92: Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Operation</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Policy</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derive Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Locate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Check</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Obtain Lease</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Usage Allocation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recover</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="default-operation-policy-for-certificates-and-public-key-objects">Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This policy applies to Certificates and Public Keys.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Default Operation Policy for Template Objects is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3007" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497736" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932777" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128711" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307568" class="anchor"></span>Table 93: Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Operation</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Policy</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Locate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Check</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Obtain Lease</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recover</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="default-operation-policy-for-template-objects">Default Operation Policy for Template Objects</h4>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Default Operation Policy for Template Objects is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The operation policy specified as an attribute in the <em>Register</em> operation for a template object is the operation policy used for objects created using that template, and is not the policy used to control operations on the template itself. There is no mechanism to specify a policy used to control operations on template objects, so the default policy for template objects is always used for templates created by clients using the <em>Register</em> operation to create template objects.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497737" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932778" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128712" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307569" class="anchor"></span>Table 94: Default Operation Policy for Private Template Objects</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Default Operation Policy for Private Template Objects</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Operation</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Policy</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Locate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Any operation referencing the Template using a Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to owner only</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">In addition to private template objects (which are controlled by the above policy, and which MAY be created by clients or the server), publicly known and usable templates MAY be created and managed by the server, with a default policy different from private template objects.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3131" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497738" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932779" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128713" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307570" class="anchor"></span>Table 95: Default Operation Policy for Public Template Objects</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Default Operation Policy for Public Template Objects</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Operation</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Policy</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Locate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Disallowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Disallowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Disallowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Disallowed to all</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Any operation referencing the Template using a Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Allowed to all</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="cryptographic-usage-mask">Cryptographic Usage Mask</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Cryptographic Usage Mask</em> attribute defines the cryptographic usage of a key. This is a bit mask that indicates to the client which cryptographic functions MAY be performed using the key, and which ones SHALL NOT be performed.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Sign</p></li>
<li><p>Verify</p></li>
<li><p>Encrypt</p></li>
<li><p>Decrypt</p></li>
<li><p>Wrap Key</p></li>
<li><p>Unwrap Key</p></li>
<li><p>Export</p></li>
<li><p>MAC Generate</p></li>
<li><p>MAC Verify</p></li>
<li><p>Derive Key</p></li>
<li><p>Content Commitment</p></li>
<li><p>Key Agreement</p></li>
<li><p>Certificate Sign</p></li>
<li><p>CRL Sign</p></li>
<li><p>Generate Cryptogram</p></li>
<li><p>Validate Cryptogram</p></li>
<li><p>Translate Encrypt</p></li>
<li><p>Translate Decrypt</p></li>
<li><p>Translate Wrap</p></li>
<li><p>Translate Unwrap</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This list takes into consideration values that MAY appear in the Key Usage extension in an X.509 certificate. However, the list does not consider the additional usages that MAY appear in the Extended Key Usage extension.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">X.509 Key Usage values SHALL be mapped to Cryptographic Usage Mask values in the following manner:</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497739" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932780" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128714" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307571" class="anchor"></span>Table 96: X.509 Key Usage to Cryptographic Usage Mask Mapping</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>X.509 Key Usage to Cryptographic Usage Mask Mapping</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>X.509 Key Usage Value</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Cryptographic Usage Mask Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">digitalSignature</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sign or Verify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">contentCommitment</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Content Commitment</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">(Non Repudiation)</span></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">keyEncipherment</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrap Key or Unwrap Key</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">dataEncipherment</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt or Decrypt</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">keyAgreement</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Agreement</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">keyCertSign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Sign</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">cRLSign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CRL Sign</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">encipherOnly</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">decipherOnly</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Decrypt</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497740" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932781" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128715" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307572" class="anchor"></span>Table 97: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3290" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497741" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932782" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128716" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307573" class="anchor"></span>Table 98: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Templates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="lease-time">Lease Time</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Lease Time</em> attribute defines a time interval for a Managed Cryptographic Object beyond which the client SHALL NOT use the object without obtaining another lease. This attribute always holds the initial length of time allowed for a lease, and not the actual remaining time. Once its lease expires, the client is only able to renew the lease by calling Obtain Lease. A server SHALL store in this attribute the maximum Lease Time it is able to serve and a client obtains the lease time (with Obtain Lease) that is less than or equal to the maximum Lease Time. This attribute is read-only for clients. It SHALL be modified by the server only.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="DDE_LINK11" class="anchor"></span><span id="DDE_LINK2" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497742" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932783" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128717" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307574" class="anchor"></span>Table 99: Lease Time Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Interval</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3364" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497743" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932784" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128718" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307575" class="anchor"></span>Table 100: Lease Time Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 27%" /><col style="width: 33%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3127" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="usage-limits">Usage Limits</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Usage Limits</em> attribute is a mechanism for limiting the usage of a Managed Cryptographic Object. It only applies to Managed Cryptographic Objects that are able to be used for applying cryptographic protection and it SHALL only reflect their usage for applying that protection (e.g., encryption, signing, etc.). This attribute does not necessarily exist for all Managed Cryptographic Objects, since some objects are able to be used without limit for cryptographically protecting data, depending on client/server policies. Usage for processing cryptographically protected data (e.g., decryption, verification, etc.) is not limited. The Usage Limits attribute has the three following fields:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Usage Limits Total</em> – the total number of Usage Limits Units allowed to be protected. This is the total value for the entire life of the object and SHALL NOT be changed once the object begins to be used for applying cryptographic protection.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Usage Limits Count</em> – the currently remaining number of Usage Limits Units allowed to be protected by the object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Usage Limits Unit</em> – The type of quantity for which this structure specifies a usage limit (e.g., byte, object).</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When the attribute is initially set (usually during object creation or registration), the Usage Limits Count is set to the Usage Limits Total value allowed for the useful life of the object, and are decremented when the object is used. The server SHALL ignore the Usage Limits Count value if the attribute is specified in an operation that creates a new object. Changes made via the Modify Attribute operation reflect corrections to the Usage Limits Total value, but they SHALL NOT be changed once the Usage Limits Count value has changed by a Get Usage Allocation operation. The Usage Limits Count value SHALL NOT be set or modified by the client via the Add Attribute or Modify Attribute operations.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497744" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932785" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128719" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307576" class="anchor"></span>Table 101: Usage Limits Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2671" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2671" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Total</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Long Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2671" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Long Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2671" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Unit</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#usage-limits-unit-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2671" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3480" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497745" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932786" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128720" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307577" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_state" class="anchor"></span>Table 102: Usage Limits Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 27%" /><col style="width: 58%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server (Total, Count, and Unit) or Client (Total and/or Unit only)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes (Total and/or Unit only, as long as Get Usage Allocation has not been performed)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, as long as Get Usage Allocation has not been performed</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Get Usage Allocation</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="0" data-docx-cell-width-type="auto"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5424" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Keys, Templates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="state">State</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><span class="docx-textbox" data-docx-textbox-source="vml-pict" data-docx-vml-shape-id="Text Box 5" data-docx-vml-shape-type="#_x0000_t202" data-docx-vml-shape-style="position:absolute;margin-left:252pt;margin-top:60.3pt;width:3in;height:18pt;z-index:251659264;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-width-percent:0;mso-height-percent:0;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text;mso-width-percent:0;mso-height-percent:0;mso-width-relative:page;mso-height-relative:page;v-text-anchor:top" data-docx-vml-shape-spid="_x0000_s1026"><span id="_Toc374104146" class="anchor"></span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;1482&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc409729185&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;1483&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc411623341&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;1484&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc442284000&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;1485&quot; w:name=&quot;_Ref477422706&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;1486&quot; w:name=&quot;_Ref477422733&quot;/&gt;</span>Figure <span class="docx-field" data-docx-field-instruction="SEQ Figure \* ARABIC">1</span>: Cryptographic Object States and Transitions<span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;1482&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;1483&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;1484&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;1485&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;1486&quot;/&gt;</span></span>This attribute is an indication of the <em>State</em> of an object as known to the key management server. The State SHALL NOT be changed by using the Modify Attribute operation on this attribute. The State SHALL only be changed by the server as a part of other operations or other server processes. An object SHALL be in one of the following states at any given time. (Note: These states correspond to those described in <a href="#SP800_57_1"><strong>[SP800-57-1]</strong></a>).</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Pre-Active</em>: The object exists and SHALL NOT be used for any cryptographic purpose.</p></li>
<li><p><img src="media/media/image2.png" alt="Description: figure1" data-docx-image-relationship-id="rId99" data-docx-image-name="Picture 3" data-docx-image-id="2" width="2.5659722222222223in" height="3.1618055555555555in" data-pandoc-media-source="media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="17199" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c6a48eb009abb344fac71be1b5910abf1c4b1171" data-pandoc-media-source-path="media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="8d1f24298c9b2da3b2f0a48efeaa97bdfd2895b0" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><em>Active</em>: The object SHALL be transitioned to the <em>Active</em> state prior to being used for any cryptographic purpose. The object SHALL only be used for all cryptographic purposes that are allowed by its Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute. If a Process Start Date (see <a href="#process-start-date">3.25</a>) attribute is set, then the object SHALL NOT be used for cryptographic purposes prior to the Process Start Date. If a Protect Stop Date (see <a href="#protect-stop-date">3.26</a>) attribute is set, then the object SHALL NOT be used for cryptographic purposes after the Process Stop Date.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Deactivated</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for applying cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption, signing, wrapping, MACing, deriving) . The object SHALL only be used for cryptographic purposes permitted by the Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute. The object SHOULD only be used to process cryptographically-protected information (e.g., decryption, signature verification, unwrapping, MAC verification under extraordinary circumstances and when special permission is granted.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Compromised</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for applying cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption, signing, wrapping, MACing, deriving). The object SHOULD only be used to process cryptographically-protected information (e.g., decryption, signature verification, unwrapping, MAC verification in a client that is trusted to use managed objects that have been compromised. The object SHALL only be used for cryptographic purposes permitted by the Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Destroyed</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for any cryptographic purpose.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Destroyed Compromised</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for any cryptographic purpose; however its compromised status SHOULD be retained for audit or security purposes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">State transitions occur as follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>The transition from a non-existent key to the Pre-Active state is caused by the creation of the object. When an object is created or registered, it automatically goes from non-existent to Pre-Active. If, however, the operation that creates or registers the object contains an Activation Date that has already occurred, then the state immediately transitions from Pre-Active to Active. In this case, the server SHALL set the Activation Date attribute to the value specified in the request, or fail the request attempting to create or register the object, depending on server policy. If the operation contains an Activation Date attribute that is in the future, or contains no Activation Date, then the Cryptographic Object is initialized in the key management system in the Pre-Active state.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Pre-Active to Destroyed is caused by a client issuing a Destroy operation. The server destroys the object when (and if) server policy dictates.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Pre-Active to Compromised is caused by a client issuing a Revoke operation with a Revocation Reason of Compromised.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Pre-Active to Active SHALL occur in one of three ways:</p></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><p>The Activation Date is reached,</p></li>
<li><p>A client successfully issues a Modify Attribute operation, modifying the Activation Date to a date in the past, or the current date, or</p></li>
<li><p>A client issues an Activate operation on the object. The server SHALL set the Activation Date to the time the Activate operation is received.</p></li>
</ul>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>The transition from Active to Compromised is caused by a client issuing a Revoke operation with a Revocation Reason of Compromised.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Active to Deactivated SHALL occur in one of three ways:</p></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><p>The object&#039;s Deactivation Date is reached,</p></li>
<li><p>A client issues a Revoke operation, with a Revocation Reason other than Compromised, or</p></li>
<li><p>The client successfully issues a Modify Attribute operation, modifying the Deactivation Date to a date in the past, or the current date.</p></li>
</ul>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>The transition from Deactivated to Destroyed is caused by a client issuing a Destroy operation, or by a server, both in accordance with server policy. The server destroys the object when (and if) server policy dictates.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Deactivated to Compromised is caused by a client issuing a Revoke operation with a Revocation Reason of Compromised.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Compromised to Destroyed Compromised is caused by a client issuing a Destroy operation, or by a server, both in accordance with server policy. The server destroys the object when (and if) server policy dictates.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Destroyed to Destroyed Compromised is caused by a client issuing a <em>R</em>evoke operation with a Revocation Reason of Compromised.</p></li>
</ol>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Only the transitions described above are permitted.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497746" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932787" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128721" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307578" class="anchor"></span>Table 103: State Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#state-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.18</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3580" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497747" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932788" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128722" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307579" class="anchor"></span>Table 104: State Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, but only by the server in response to certain requests (see above)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate, Revoke, Destroy, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="initial-date">Initial Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Initial Date</em> attribute contains the date and time when the Managed Object was first created or registered at the server. This time corresponds to state transition 1 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). This attribute SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered, and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed. This attribute is also set for non-cryptographic objects (e.g., templates) when they are first registered with the server.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497748" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932789" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128723" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307580" class="anchor"></span>Table 105: Initial Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3654" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497749" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932790" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128724" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307581" class="anchor"></span>Table 106: Initial Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="activation-date">Activation Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Activation Date</em> attribute contains the date and time when the Managed Cryptographic Object MAY begin to be used. This time corresponds to state transition 4 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). The object SHALL NOT be used for any cryptographic purpose before the <em>Activation Date</em> has been reached. Once the state transition from Pre-Active has occurred, then this attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497750" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932791" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128725" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307582" class="anchor"></span>Table 107: Activation Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3728" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497751" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932792" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128726" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307583" class="anchor"></span>Table 108: Activation Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active state</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active state</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Templates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="process-start-date">Process Start Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Process Start Date</em> attribute is the date and time when a Managed Symmetric Key Object MAY begin to be used to process cryptographically protected information (e.g., decryption or unwrapping), depending on the value of its Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute. The object SHALL NOT be used for these cryptographic purposes before the <em>Process Start Date</em> has been reached. This value MAY be equal to or later than, but SHALL NOT precede, the Activation Date. Once the Process Start Date has occurred, then this attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497752" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932793" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128727" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307584" class="anchor"></span>Table 109: Process Start Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3802" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497753" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932794" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128728" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307585" class="anchor"></span>Table 110: Process Start Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the Process Start Date has been not reached.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the Process Start Date has been not reached.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Register, Derive Key, Re-key</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Keys, Split Keys of symmetric keys, Templates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="protect-stop-date">Protect Stop Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Protect Stop Date</em> attribute is the date and time after which a Managed Symmetric Key Object SHALL NOT be used for applying cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption or wrapping), depending on the value of its Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute. This value MAY be equal to or earlier than, but SHALL NOT be later than the Deactivation Date. Once the <em>Protect Stop Date</em> has occurred, then this attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497754" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932795" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128729" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307586" class="anchor"></span>Table 111: Protect Stop Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3875" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497755" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932796" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128730" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307587" class="anchor"></span>Table 112: Protect Stop Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the Protect Stop Date has not been reached.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the Protect Stop Date has not been reached.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Register, Derive Key, Re-key</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Keys, Split Keys of symmetric keys, Templates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="deactivation-date">Deactivation Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Deactivation Date</em> attribute is the date and time when the Managed Cryptographic Object SHALL NOT be used for any purpose, except for decryption, signature verification, or unwrapping, but only under extraordinary circumstances and only when special permission is granted. This time corresponds to state transition 6 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). This attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed, unless the object is in the Pre-Active or Active state.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497756" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932797" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128731" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307588" class="anchor"></span>Table 113: Deactivation Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc3949" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497757" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932798" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128732" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307589" class="anchor"></span>Table 114: Deactivation Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server or Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Revoke Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Templates</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="destroy-date">Destroy Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Destroy Date</em> attribute is the date and time when the Managed Object was destroyed. This time corresponds to state transitions 2, 7, or 9 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). This value is set by the server when the object is destroyed due to the reception of a Destroy operation, or due to server policy or out-of-band administrative action.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497758" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932799" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128733" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307590" class="anchor"></span>Table 115: Destroy Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4023" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497759" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932800" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128734" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307591" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref222059969" class="anchor"></span>Table 116: Destroy Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="compromise-occurrence-date">Compromise Occurrence Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Compromise Occurrence Date</em> attribute is the date and time when the Managed Cryptographic Object was first believed to be compromised. If it is not possible to estimate when the compromise occurred, then this value SHOULD be set to the Initial Date for the object.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497760" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932801" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128735" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307592" class="anchor"></span>Table 117: Compromise Occurrence Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4097" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497761" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932802" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128736" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307593" class="anchor"></span>Table 118: Compromise Occurrence Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 41%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3924" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Object</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="compromise-date">Compromise Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Compromise Date</em> attribute contains the date and time when the Managed Cryptographic Object entered into the compromised state. This time corresponds to state transitions 3, 5, 8, or 10 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). This time indicates when the key management system was made aware of the compromise, not necessarily when the compromise occurred. This attribute is set by the server when it receives a Revoke operation with a <em>Revocation Reason</em> of Compromised code, or due to server policy or out-of-band administrative action.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497762" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932803" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128737" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307594" class="anchor"></span>Table 119: Compromise Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4171" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497763" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932804" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128738" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307595" class="anchor"></span>Table 120: Compromise Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 41%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3853" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Object</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="revocation-reason">Revocation Reason</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Revocation Reason</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236474234">Table 121</a>) used to indicate why the Managed Cryptographic Object was revoked (e.g., “compromised”, “expired”, “no longer used”, etc.). This attribute is only set by the server as a part of the Revoke Operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Revocation Message</em> is an OPTIONAL field that is used exclusively for audit trail/logging purposes and MAY contain additional information about why the object was revoked (e.g., “Laptop stolen”, or “Machine decommissioned”).</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236474234" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497764" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932805" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128739" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307596" class="anchor"></span>Table 121: Revocation Reason Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason Code</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#revocation-reason-code-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4264" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497765" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932806" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128740" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307597" class="anchor"></span>Table 122: Revocation Reason Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 42%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3997" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Object</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="archive-date">Archive Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Archive Date</em> attribute is the date and time when the Managed Object was placed in archival storage. This value is set by the server as a part of the Archive operation. The server SHALL delete this attribute whenever a Recover operation is performed.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497766" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932807" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128741" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307598" class="anchor"></span>Table 123: Archive Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4338" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497767" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932808" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128742" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307599" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_object%20group" class="anchor"></span>Table 124: Archive Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="object-group">Object Group</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An object MAY be part of a group of objects. An object MAY belong to more than one group of objects. To assign an object to a group of objects, the object group name SHOULD be set into this attribute. “default” is a reserved Text String for <em>Object Group</em>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497768" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932809" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128743" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307600" class="anchor"></span>Table 125: Object Group Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4412" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497769" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932810" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128744" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307601" class="anchor"></span>Table 126: Object Group Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 45%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4297" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="fresh">Fresh</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Fresh</em> attribute is a Boolean attribute that indicates that the object has not yet been served to a client. The Fresh attribute SHALL be set to True when a new object is created on the server. The server SHALL change the attribute value to False as soon as the object has been served to a client.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932811" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128745" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307602" class="anchor"></span>Table 127: Fresh Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fresh</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932812" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128746" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307603" class="anchor"></span>Table 128: Fresh Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 46%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4316" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="link">Link</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Link</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236474478">Table 129</a>) used to create a link from one Managed Cryptographic Object to another, closely related target Managed Cryptographic Object. The link has a type, and the allowed types differ, depending on the Object Type of the Managed Cryptographic Object, as listed below. The <em>Linked Object Identifier</em> identifies the target Managed Cryptographic Object by its Unique Identifier. The link contains information about the association between the Managed Cryptographic Objects (e.g., the private key corresponding to a public key; the parent certificate for a certificate in a chain; or for a derived symmetric key, the base key from which it was derived).</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Possible values of <em>Link Type</em> in accordance with the Object Type of the Managed Cryptographic Object are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;1798&quot; w:name=&quot;DDE_LINK3&quot;/&gt;</span><em>Private Key Link:</em> For a Public Key object: the private key corresponding to the public key.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Public Key Link:</em> For a Private Key object: the public key corresponding to the private key. For a Certificate object: the public key contained in the certificate.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Certificate Link</em>: For Certificate objects: the parent certificate for a certificate in a certificate chain. For Public Key objects: the corresponding certificate(s), containing the same public key.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Derivation Base Object Link:</em> For a derived Symmetric Key or Secret Data object: the object(s) from which the current symmetric key was derived.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Derived Key Link</em>: the symmetric key(s) or Secret Data object(s) that were derived from the current object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Replacement Object</em> <em>Link:</em> For a Symmetric Key, an Asymmetric Private Key, or an Asymmetric Public Key object: the key that resulted from the re-key of the current key. For a Certificate object: the certificate that resulted from the re-certify. Note that there SHALL be only one such replacement object per Managed Object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Replaced Object</em> <em>Link:</em> For a Symmetric Key, an Asymmetric Private Key, or an Asymmetric Public Key object: the key that was re-keyed to obtain the current key. For a Certificate object: the certificate that was re-certified to obtain the current certificate.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Parent Link:</em> For all object types: the owner, container or other parent object corresponding to the object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Child Link:</em> For all object types: the subordinate, derived or other child object corresponding to the object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Previous Link:</em> For all object types: the previous object to this object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Next Link:</em> For all object types: the next object to this object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Link attribute SHOULD be present for private keys and public keys for which a certificate chain is stored by the server, and for certificates in a certificate chain.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Note that it is possible for a Managed Object to have multiple instances of the Link attribute (e.g., a Private Key has links to the associated certificate, as well as the associated public key; a Certificate object has links to both the public key and to the certificate of the certification authority (CA) that signed the certificate).</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">It is also possible that a Managed Object does not have links to associated cryptographic objects. This MAY occur in cases where the associated key material is not available to the server or client (e.g., the registration of a CA Signer certificate with a server, where the corresponding private key is held in a different manner).</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236474478" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497770" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932813" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128747" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307604" class="anchor"></span>Table 129: Link Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 41%" /><col style="width: 24%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2507" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3886" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2254" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2507" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3886" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2254" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2507" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3886" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#link-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2254" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2507" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Linked Object Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3886" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2254" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4515" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497771" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932814" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128748" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307605" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_appid%20attribute" class="anchor"></span>Table 130: Link Attribute Structure Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 45%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4247" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="application-specific-information">Application Specific Information</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Application Specific Information</em> attribute is a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236474684">Table 131</a>) used to store data specific to the application(s) using the Managed Object. It consists of the following fields: an <em>Application Namespace</em> and <em>Application Data</em> specific to that application namespace.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Clients MAY request to set (i.e., using any of the operations that result in new Managed Object(s) on the server or adding/modifying the attribute of an existing Managed Object) an instance of this attribute with a particular <em>Application Namespace</em> while omitting <em>Application Data</em>. In that case, if the server supports this namespace (as indicated by the Query operation in Section <a href="#query">4.25</a>), then it SHALL return a suitable <em>Application Data</em> value. If the server does not support this namespace, then an error SHALL be returned.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref236474684" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497772" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932815" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128749" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307606" class="anchor"></span>Table 131: Application Specific Information Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Specific Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Namespace</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4621" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497773" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932816" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128750" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307607" class="anchor"></span>Table 132: Application Specific Information Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 40%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server (only if the Application Data is omitted, in the client request)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes (only if the Application Data is omitted in the client request)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-certify</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="contact-information">Contact Information</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Contact Information</em> attribute is OPTIONAL, and its content is used for contact purposes only. It is not used for policy enforcement. The attribute is set by the client or the server.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497774" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932817" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128751" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307608" class="anchor"></span>Table 133: Contact Information Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contact Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4695" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497775" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932818" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128752" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307609" class="anchor"></span>Table 134: Contact Information Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="last-change-date">Last Change Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Last Change Date</em> attribute contains the date and time of the last change of the specified object.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="DDE_LINK1" class="anchor"></span><span id="DDE_LINK" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497776" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932819" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128753" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307610" class="anchor"></span>Table 135: Last Change Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4769" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497777" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932820" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128754" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307611" class="anchor"></span>Table 136: Last Change Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 44%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate, Revoke, Destroy, Archive, Recover, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Add Attribute, Modify Attribute, Delete Attribute, Get Usage Allocation</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4177" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="custom-attribute">Custom Attribute</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Custom Attribute</em> is a client- or server-defined attribute intended for vendor-specific purposes. It is created by the client and not interpreted by the server, or is created by the server and MAY be interpreted by the client. All custom attributes created by the client SHALL adhere to a naming scheme, where the name of the attribute SHALL have a prefix of &#039;x-&#039;. All custom attributes created by the key management server SHALL adhere to a naming scheme where the name of the attribute SHALL have a prefix of &#039;y-&#039;. The server SHALL NOT accept a client-created or modified attribute, where the name of the attribute has a prefix of ‘y-‘. The tag type <em>Custom Attribute</em> is not able to identify the particular attribute; hence such an attribute SHALL only appear in an Attribute Structure with its name as defined in Section <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497778" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932821" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128755" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307612" class="anchor"></span>Table 137 Custom Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Custom Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Any data type or structure. If a structure, then the structure SHALL NOT include sub structures</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The name of the attribute SHALL start with &#039;x-&#039; or &#039;y-&#039;.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4843" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497779" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932822" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128756" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307613" class="anchor"></span>Table 138: Custom Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, for server-created attributes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, for client-created attributes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, for client-created attributes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate, Revoke, Destroy, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="alternative-name">Alternative Name</h2>
<p>The <em>Alternative</em> <em>Name</em> attribute is used to identify and locate the object. This attribute is assigned by the client, and the <em>Alternative</em> <em>Name Value</em> is intended to be in a form that humans are able to interpret. The key management system MAY specify rules by which the client creates valid alternative names. Clients are informed of such rules by a mechanism that is not specified by this standard. Alternative Names MAY NOT be unique within a given key management domain.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128757" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307614" class="anchor"></span>Table 139: Alternative Name Attribute Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#alternative-name-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.34</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128758" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307615" class="anchor"></span>Table 140: Alternative Name Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 37%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes (Only if no value present)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3543" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="key-value-present">Key Value Present</h2>
<p><em>Key Value Present</em> is an OPTIONAL attribute of the managed object created by the server. It SHALL NOT be specified by the client in a Register request. <em>Key Value Present</em> SHALL be created by the server if the Key Value is absent from the Key Block in a Register request. The value of Key Value Present SHALL NOT be modified by either the client or the server. <em>Key Value Present</em> attribute MAY be used as a part of the Locate operation. This attribute does not apply to Templates, Certificates, Public Keys or Opaque Objects.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128759" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307616" class="anchor"></span>Table 141: Key Value Present Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Present</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128760" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307617" class="anchor"></span>Table 142: Key Value Present Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">During Register operation</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key, Private Key, Split Key, Secret Data</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="key-value-location">Key Value Location</h2>
<p><em>Key Value Location</em> is an OPTIONAL attribute of a managed object. It MAY be specified by the client when the Key Value is omitted from the Key Block in a Register request. <em>Key Value Location</em> is used to indicate the location of the Key Value absent from the object being registered. This attribute does not apply to Templates, Certificates, Public Keys or Opaque Objects.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128761" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307618" class="anchor"></span>Table 143: Key Value Location Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#key-value-location-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128762" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307619" class="anchor"></span>Table 144: Key Value Location Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Never</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key, Private Key, Split Key, Secret Data</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="original-creation-date">Original Creation Date</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Original Creation Date</em> attribute contains the date and time the object was originally created, which can be different from when the object is registered with a key management server.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">It is OPTIONAL for an object being registered by a client. The <em>Original Creation Date</em> MAY be set by the client during a Register operation. If no <em>Original Creation Date</em> attribute was set by the client during a Register operation, it MAY do so at a later time through an Add Attribute operation for that object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">It is mandatory for an object created on the server as a result of a Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, or Re-key Key Pair operation. In such cases the <em>Original Creation Date</em> SHALL be set by the server and SHALL be the same as the <em>Initial Date</em> attribute.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">In all cases, once the <em>Original Creation Date</em> is set, it SHALL NOT be deleted or updated.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc311896711" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128763" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307620" class="anchor"></span>Table 145: Original Creation Date Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Original Creation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128764" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307621" class="anchor"></span>Table 146: Original Creation Date Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server (when object is generated by Server)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4741" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="random-number-generator">Random Number Generator</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute contains the details of the random number generator used during the creation of the managed cryptographic object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">It is OPTIONAL for a managed cryptographic object being registered by a client. The <em>Random Number Generator</em> MAY be set by the client during a Register operation. If no <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute was set by the client during a Register operation, it MAY do so at a later time through an Add Attribute operation for that object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">It is mandatory for an object created on the server as a result of a Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, or Re-key Key Pair operation. In such cases the <em>Random Number Generator</em> SHALL be set by the server depending on which random number generator was used. If the specific details of the random number generator are unknown then the RNG Algorithm within the RNG Parameters structure SHALL be set to <em>Unspecified</em>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If one or more <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute values are provided in the template attributes (either directly or via reference to templates which contain <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute values) in a Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, or Re-key Key Pair operation then the server SHALL use a random number generator that matches one of the <em>Random Number Generator</em> attributes. If the server does not support or is otherwise unable to use a matching random number generator then it SHALL fail the request.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute SHALL NOT be copied from the original object in a Re-key or Re-key Key Pair operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">In all cases, once the <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute is set, it SHALL NOT be deleted or updated.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128765" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307622" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc238538369" class="anchor"></span>Table 147: Random Number Generator Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Random Number Generator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Parameters (see </span><a href="#rng-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.18</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">)</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128766" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307623" class="anchor"></span>Table 148: Random Number Generator Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 51%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client (when the object is generated by the Client and registered) or Server (when object is generated by Server)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4848" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="pkcs12-friendly-name">PKCS#12 Friendly Name</h2>
<p>The PKCS#12 Friendly Name attribute is OPTIONAL. If supplied on a Register Private Key with Key Format Type PKCS#12, it informs the server of the alias/friendly name (see [RFC7292]) under which the private key and its associated certificate chain SHALL be found in the Key Material. If no such alias/friendly name is supplied, the server SHALL record the alias/friendly name (if any) it finds for the first Private Key in the Key Material.</p>
<p>When a Get with Key Format Type PKCS#12 is issued, this attribute informs the server what alias/friendly name the server SHALL use when encoding the response. If this attribute is absent for the object on which the Get is issued, the server SHOULD use an alias/friendly name of “alias”. Since the PKCS#12 Friendly Name is defined in ASN.1 with an EQUALITY MATCHING RULE of caseIgnoreMatch, clients and servers SHOULD utilize a lowercase text string.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128767" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307624" class="anchor"></span>Table 149: PKCS#12 Friendly Name Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#12 Friendly Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128768" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307625" class="anchor"></span>Table 150: Friendly Name Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Managed Cryptographic Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="description">Description</h2>
<p>The Description attribute is OPTIONAL, and its content is used for informational purposes only. It is not used for policy enforcement. The attribute is set by the client or the server.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128769" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307626" class="anchor"></span>Table 151: Description Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128770" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307629" class="anchor"></span>Table 152: Description Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="comment">Comment</h2>
<p>The Comment attribute is OPTIONAL, and its content is used for informational purposes only. It is not used for policy enforcement. The attribute is set by the client or the server.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128771" class="anchor"></span>Table 153: Comment Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128772" class="anchor"></span>Table 154: Comment Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sensitive">Sensitive</h2>
<p>If True then the server SHALL prevent the object value being retrieved (via the Get operation) unless it is wrapped by another key. The server SHALL set the value to False if the value is not provided by the client.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128773" class="anchor"></span>Table 155: Sensitive Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sensitive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128774" class="anchor"></span>Table 156: Sensitive Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When object is created or registered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="always-sensitive">Always Sensitive</h2>
<p>The server SHALL set the value toTrue if the Sensitive attribute has always been True and the value to False if the Sensitive attribute has ever been set to False.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128775" class="anchor"></span>Table 157: Always Sensitive Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sensitive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128776" class="anchor"></span>Table 158: Always Sensitive Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When Sensitive attribute is set or changed</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="extractable">Extractable</h2>
<p>If False then the server SHALL prevent the object value being retrieved (via the Get operation). The server SHALL set the value to True if the value is not provided by the client.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128777" class="anchor"></span>Table 159: Extractable Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extractable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128778" class="anchor"></span>Table 160: Extractable Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client or Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When object is created or registered</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="never-extractable">Never Extractable</h2>
<p>The server SHALL set the value to True if the Extractable attribute has always been False, and set the value to False if the Extractable attribute has ever been set to True.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128779" class="anchor"></span>Table 161: Never Extractable Attribute</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Never Extractable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128780" class="anchor"></span>Table 162: Never Extractable Attribute Rules</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL always have a value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initially set by</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by server</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modifiable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deletable by client</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Multiple instances permitted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">When implicitly set</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">When Never Extractable attribute is</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">set or changed</span></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2700" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Applies to Object Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2702" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">All Objects</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="client-to-server-operations">Client-to-Server Operations</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following subsections describe the operations that MAY be requested by a key management client. Not all clients have to be capable of issuing all operation requests; however any client that issues a specific request SHALL be capable of understanding the response to the request. All Object Management operations are issued in requests from clients to servers, and results obtained in responses from servers to clients. Multiple operations MAY be combined within a batch, resulting in a single request/response message pair.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A number of the operations whose descriptions follow are affected by a mechanism referred to as the <em>ID Placeholder.</em></p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The key management server SHALL implement a temporary variable called the ID Placeholder. This value consists of a single Unique Identifier. It is a variable stored inside the server that is only valid and preserved during the execution of a batch of operations. Once the batch of operations has been completed, the ID Placeholder value SHALL be discarded and/or invalidated by the server, so that subsequent requests do not find this previous ID Placeholder available.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The ID Placeholder is obtained from the Unique Identifier returned in response to the Create, Create Pair, Register, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Certify, Re-Certify, Locate, and Recover operations. If any of these operations successfully completes and returns a Unique Identifier, then the server SHALL copy this Unique Identifier into the ID Placeholder variable, where it is held until the completion of the operations remaining in the batched request or until a subsequent operation in the batch causes the ID Placeholder to be replaced. If the Batch Error Continuation Option is set to Stop and the Batch Order Option is set to true, then subsequent operations in the batched request MAY make use of the ID Placeholder by omitting the Unique Identifier field from the request payloads for these operations.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Requests MAY contain attribute values to be assigned to the object. This information is specified with a Template-Attribute (see Section <a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a>) that contains zero or more template names and zero or more individual attributes. If more than one template name is specified, and there is a conflict between the single-instance attributes in the templates, then the value in the last of the conflicting templates takes precedence. If there is a conflict between the single-instance attributes in the request and the single-instance attributes in a specified template, then the attribute values in the request take precedence. For multi-instance attributes, the union of attribute values is used when the attributes are specified more than once.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a <em>Name</em> within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Responses MAY contain attribute values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the server. This information is specified with a Template-Attribute that contains one or more individual attributes.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For any operations that operate on Managed Objects already stored on the server, any archived object SHALL first be made available by a Recover operation (see Section <a href="#recover">4.23</a>) before they MAY be specified (i.e., as on-line objects).</p>
<p>Multi-part cryptographic operations (operations where a stream of data is provided across multiple requests from a client to a server) are optionally supported by those cryptographic operations that include the Correlation Value (see section <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a>), Init Indicator (see section <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a>) and Final Indicator (see section <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a>) request parameters.</p>
<p>For multi-part cryptographic operations the following sequence is performed</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>On the first request</p>
<ol type="a">
<li><p>Provide an Init Indicator with a value of True</p></li>
<li><p>Provide any other required parameters</p></li>
<li><p>Preserve the Correlation Value returned in the response for use in subsequent requests</p></li>
<li><p>Use the Data output (if any) from the response</p></li>
</ol></li>
<li><p>On subsequent requests</p>
<ol type="a">
<li><p>Provide the Correlation Value from the response to the first request</p></li>
<li><p>Provide any other required parameters</p></li>
<li><p>Use the next block of Data output (if any) from the response</p></li>
</ol></li>
<li><p>On the final request</p>
<ol type="a">
<li><p>Provide the Correlation Value from the response to the first request</p></li>
<li><p>Provide a Final Indicator with a value of True</p></li>
<li><p>Use the final block of Data output (if any) from the response</p></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Single-part cryptographic operations (operations where a single input is provided and a single response returned) the following sequence is performed:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>On each request</p>
<ol type="a">
<li><p>Do not provide an Init Indicator, Final Indicator or Correlation Value or provide an Init indicator and Final Indicator but no Correlation Value.</p></li>
<li><p>Provide any other required parameters</p></li>
<li><p>Use the Data output from the response</p></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Data is always required in cryptographic operations except when either Init Indicator or Final Indicator is true.</p>
<h2 id="create">Create</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to generate a new symmetric key as a Managed Cryptographic Object. This operation is not used to create a Template object (see Register operation, Section <a href="#register">4.3</a>).</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the type of object being created, and some of the attributes to be assigned to the object (e.g., Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). This information MAY be specified by the names of Template objects that already exist.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the created object. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497780" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932823" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128781" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307630" class="anchor"></span>Table 163: Create Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the type of object to be created.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired attributes using to be associated with the new object templates and/or individual attributes.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497781" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932824" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128782" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307631" class="anchor"></span>Table 164: Create Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Type of object created.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly created object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><a href="#_Ref242028927">Table 165</a> indicates which attributes SHALL be included in the Create request using the Template-Attribute object.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc4950" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref242028927" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497782" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932825" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128783" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307632" class="anchor"></span>Table 165: Create Attribute Requirements</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3826" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2980" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="create-key-pair">Create Key Pair</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to generate a new public/private key pair and register the two corresponding new Managed Cryptographic Objects.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains attributes to be assigned to the objects (e.g., Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). Attributes and Template Names MAY be specified for both keys at the same time by specifying a Common Template-Attribute object in the request. Attributes not common to both keys (e.g., Name, Cryptographic Usage Mask) MAY be specified using the Private Key Template-Attribute and Public Key Template-Attribute objects in the request, which take precedence over the Common Template-Attribute object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a <em>Name</em> within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For the Private Key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Public Key pointing to the Public Key. For the Public Key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Private Key pointing to the Private Key. The response contains the Unique Identifiers of both created objects. The ID Placeholder value SHALL be set to the Unique Identifier of the Private Key.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497783" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932826" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128784" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307633" class="anchor"></span>Table 166: Create Key Pair Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Request Payload</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3442" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1275" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3607" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3442" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1275" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3607" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired attributes in templates and/or as individual attributes to be associated with the new object that apply to both the Private and Public Key Objects.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3442" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1275" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3607" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies templates and/or attributes to be associated with the new object that apply to the Private Key Object. Order of precedence applies.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3442" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1275" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3607" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies templates and/or attributes to be associated with the new object that apply to the Public Key Object. Order of precedence applies.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For multi-instance attributes, the union of the values found in the templates and attributes of the Common, Private, and Public Key Template-Attribute SHALL be used. For single-instance attributes, the order of precedence is as follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>attributes specified explicitly in the Private and Public Key Template-Attribute, then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified via templates in the Private and Public Key Template-Attribute, then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified explicitly in the Common Template-Attribute, then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified via templates in the Common Template-Attribute.</p></li>
</ol>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If there are multiple templates in the Common, Private, or Public Key Template-Attribute, then the last value of the single-instance attribute that conflicts takes precedence.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497784" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932827" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128785" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307634" class="anchor"></span>Table 167: Create Key Pair Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly created Private Key object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly created Public Key object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Private Key Object, with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Public Key Object, with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><a href="#_Ref242028836">Table 168</a> indicates which attributes SHALL be included in the Create Key pair request using Template-Attribute objects, as well as which attributes SHALL have the same value for the Private and Public Key.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc5112" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref242028836" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497785" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932828" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128786" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307635" class="anchor"></span>Table 168: Create Key Pair Attribute Requirements</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 20%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL contain the same value for both Private and Public Key</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-length"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">3.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Domain Parameters, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1959" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2909" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Setting the same Cryptographic Length value for both private and public key does not imply that both keys are of equal length. For RSA, Cryptographic Length corresponds to the bit length of the Modulus. For DSA and DH algorithms, Cryptographic Length corresponds to the bit length of parameter P, and the bit length of Q is set separately in the Cryptographic Domain Parameters attribute. For ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV algorithms, Cryptographic Length corresponds to the bit length of parameter Q.</p>
<h2 id="register">Register</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to register a Managed Object that was created by the client or obtained by the client through some other means, allowing the server to manage the object. The arguments in the request are similar to those in the Create operation, but contain the object itself for storage by the server.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the type of object being registered and attributes to be assigned to the object (e.g., Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). This information SHALL be specified by the use of a Template-Attribute object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier assigned by the server to the registered object. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operations into the ID Placeholder variable. The Initial Date attribute of the object SHALL be set to the current time.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497786" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932829" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128787" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307636" class="anchor"></span>Table 169: Register Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the type of object being registered.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired object attributes to be associated with the new object using templates and/or individual attributes.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate, Symmetric Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key, Template Secret Data or Opaque Object, see </span><a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The object being registered. The object and attributes MAY be wrapped.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497787" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932830" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128788" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307637" class="anchor"></span>Table 170: Register Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly registered object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If a Managed Cryptographic Object is registered, then the following attributes SHALL be included in the Register request, either explicitly, or via specification of a template that contains the attribute.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc5272" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497788" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932831" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128789" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307638" class="anchor"></span>Table 171: Register Attribute Requirements</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 25%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be omitted only if this information is encapsulated in the Key Block. Does not apply to Secret Data. If present, then Cryptographic Length below SHALL also be present.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be omitted only if this information is encapsulated in the Key Block. Does not apply to Secret Data. If present, then Cryptographic Algorithm above SHALL also be present.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Length, see </span><a href="#certificate-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes. Only applies to Certificates.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm, see </span><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be omitted only if this information is encapsulated in the Certificate object. Only applies to Certificates.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-key">Re-key</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This request is used to generate a replacement key for an existing symmetric key. It is analogous to the Create operation, except that attributes of the replacement key are copied from the existing key, with the exception of the attributes listed in <a href="#random-number-generator">Random Number Generator</a> <a href="#random-number-generator">3.44</a>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">As the replacement key takes over the name attribute of the existing key, Re-key SHOULD only be performed once on a given key.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier of the replacement key returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For the existing key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replacement Object pointing to the replacement key. For the replacement key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replaced Key pointing to the existing key.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An <em>Offset</em> MAY be used to indicate the difference between the Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the replacement key. If no Offset is specified, the Activation Date, Process Start Date, Protect Stop Date and Deactivation Date values are copied from the existing key. If Offset is set and dates exist for the existing key, then the dates of the replacement key SHALL be set based on the dates of the existing key as follows:</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref242081406" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497789" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932832" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128790" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307639" class="anchor"></span>Table 172: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-key</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 38%" /><col style="width: 46%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in Existing Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in Replacement Key</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>2</sub></em>) &gt; <em>IT<sub>1</sub></em></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>) = <em> IT<sub>2</sub>+ Offset</em></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date (<em>CT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date = <em>CT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-<em> AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date (<em>TT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date = <em>TT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-<em> AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date (<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date = <em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-<em> AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Attributes requiring special handling when creating the replacement key are:</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128791" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307640" class="anchor"></span>Table 173: Re-key Attribute Requirements</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 25%" /><col style="width: 26%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Action</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date, see </span><a href="#initial-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the current time</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date, see </span><a href="#destroy-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.28</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date, see </span><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.29</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date, see </span><a href="#compromise-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.30</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason, see </span><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">New value generated</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits, see </span><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Total value is copied from the existing key, and the Count value in the existing key is set to the Total value.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name, see </span><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the name(s) of the existing key; all name attributes are removed from the existing key.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State, see </span><a href="#state"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set based on attributes values, such as dates, as shown in </span><a href="#_Ref242081406"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 172</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest, see </span><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recomputed from the replacement key value</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link, see </span><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to point to the existing key as the replaced key</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date, see </span><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to current time</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;2145&quot; w:name=&quot;_Ref242080899&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;2146&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc236497790&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;2147&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc310932833&quot;/&gt;</span><span style="font-size:10pt">Random Number Generator, see </span><a href="#random-number-generator"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.44</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2432" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the random number generator used for creating the new managed object. Not copied from the original object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497791" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932834" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128792" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307641" class="anchor"></span>Table 174: Re-key Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the existing Symmetric Key being re-keyed. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Interval object indicating the difference between the Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the replacement key to be created.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or individual attributes.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc5475" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497792" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932835" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128793" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307642" class="anchor"></span>Table 175: Re-key Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8321" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3441" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1282" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3598" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3441" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1282" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3598" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly-created replacement Symmetric Key.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3441" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1282" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3598" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-key-key-pair">Re-key Key Pair</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This request is used to generate a replacement key pair for an existing public/private key pair. It is analogous to the Create Key Pair operation, except that attributes of the replacement key pair are copied from the existing key pair, with the exception of the attributes listed in <a href="#random-number-generator">Random Number Generator</a> <a href="#random-number-generator">3.44</a></p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">As the replacement of the key pair takes over the name attribute for the existing public/private key pair, Re-key Key Pair SHOULD only be performed once on a given key pair.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For both the existing public key and private key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replacement Key pointing to the replacement public and private key, respectively. For both the replacement public and private key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replaced Key pointing to the existing public and private key, respectively.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL copy the Private Key Unique Identifier of the replacement private key returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An <em>Offset</em> MAY be used to indicate the difference between the Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the replacement key pair. If no Offset is specified, the Activation Date and Deactivation Date values are copied from the existing key pair. If Offset is set and dates exist for the existing key pair, then the dates of the replacement key pair SHALL be set based on the dates of the existing key pair as follows</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref233098884" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932836" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128794" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307643" class="anchor"></span>Table 176: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-key Key Pair</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 38%" /><col style="width: 46%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in Existing Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in Replacement Key Pair</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>2</sub></em>) &gt; <em>IT<sub>1</sub></em></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>) = <em> IT<sub>2</sub>+ Offset</em></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date (<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date = <em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-<em> AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Attributes for the replacement key pair that are not copied from the existing key pair and which are handled in a specific way are:</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128795" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307644" class="anchor"></span>Table 177: Re-key Key Pair Attribute Requirements</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 25%" /><col style="width: 58%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Action</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">New value generated</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">New value generated</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name, see </span><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the name(s) of the existing public/private keys; all name attributes of the existing public/private keys are removed.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest, see </span><a href="#digest"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.17</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recomputed for both replacement public and private keys from the new public and private key values</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits, see </span><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Total Bytes/Total Objects value is copied from the existing key pair, while the Byte Count/Object Count values are set to the Total Bytes/Total Objects.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State, see </span><a href="#state"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set based on attributes values, such as dates, as shown in </span><a href="#_Ref233098884">Table 176</a><span style="font-size:10pt">.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date, see </span><a href="#initial-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the current time</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date, see </span><a href="#destroy-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.28</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date, see </span><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.29</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date, see </span><a href="#compromise-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.30</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason, see </span><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link, see </span><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to point to the existing public/private keys as the replaced public/private keys</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date, see </span><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to current time</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2430" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;2176&quot; w:name=&quot;_Ref295838839&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;2177&quot; w:name=&quot;_Ref295838833&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;2178&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc310932837&quot;/&gt;</span><span style="font-size:10pt">Random Number Generator, see </span><a href="#random-number-generator"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.44</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="5516" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the random number generator used for creating the new managed object. Not copied from the original object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932838" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128796" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307645" class="anchor"></span>Table 178: Re-key Key Pair Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 49%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Request Payload</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the existing Asymmetric key pair to be re-keyed. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder is substituted by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Interval object indicating the difference between the Initialization date and the Activation Date of the replacement key pair to be created.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired attributes in templates and/or as individual attributes that apply to both the Private and Public Key Objects.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies templates and/or attributes that apply to the Private Key Object. Order of precedence applies.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4589" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies templates and/or attributes that apply to the Public Key Object. Order of precedence applies.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For multi-instance attributes, the union of the values found in the templates and attributes of the Common, Private, and Public Key Template-Attribute is used. For single-instance attributes, the order of precedence is as follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>attributes specified explicitly in the Private and Public Key Template-Attribute, then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified via templates in the Private and Public Key Template-Attribute, then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified explicitly in the Common Template-Attribute, then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified via templates in the Common Template-Attribute.</p></li>
</ol>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If there are multiple templates in the Common, Private, or Public Key Template-Attribute, then the subsequent value of the single-instance attribute takes precedence.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932839" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128797" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307646" class="anchor"></span>Table 179: Re-key Key Pair Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly created replacement Private Key object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly created replacement Public Key object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Private Key Object, with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Public Key Object, with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="derive-key">Derive Key </h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This request is used to derive a Symmetric Key or Secret Data object from keys or Secret Data objects that are already known to the key management system. The request SHALL only apply to Managed Cryptographic Objects that have the Derive Key bit set in the Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute of the specified Managed Object (i.e., are able to be used for key derivation). If the operation is issued for an object that does not have this bit set, then the server SHALL return an error. For all derivation methods, the client SHALL specify the desired length of the derived key or Secret Data object using the Cryptographic Length attribute. If a key is created, then the client SHALL specify both its Cryptographic Length and Cryptographic Algorithm. If the specified length exceeds the output of the derivation method, then the server SHALL return an error. Clients MAY derive multiple keys and IVs by requesting the creation of a Secret Data object and specifying a Cryptographic Length that is the total length of the derived object. If the specified length exceeds the output of the derivation method, then the server SHALL return an error.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The fields in the request specify the Unique Identifiers of the keys or Secret Data objects to be used for derivation (e.g., some derivation methods MAY use multiple keys or Secret Data objects to derive the result), the method to be used to perform the derivation, and any parameters needed by the specified method. The method is specified as an enumerated value. Currently defined derivation methods include:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>PBKDF2</em> – This method is used to derive a symmetric key from a password or pass phrase. The PBKDF2 method is published in <a href="#PKCS5"><strong>[PKCS#5]</strong></a> and <a href="#RFC2898"><strong>[RFC2898]</strong></a>.</p></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><p><em>HASH</em> – This method derives a key by computing a hash over the derivation key or the derivation data.</p></li>
<li><p><em>HMAC</em> – This method derives a key by computing an HMAC over the derivation data.</p></li>
<li><p><em>ENCRYPT</em> – This method derives a key by encrypting the derivation data.</p></li>
<li><p><em>NIST800-108-C</em> – This method derives a key by computing the KDF in Counter Mode as specified in <a href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>NIST800-108-F</em> – This method derives a key by computing the KDF in Feedback Mode as specified in <a href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>NIST800-108-DPI</em> – This method derives a key by computing the KDF in Double-Pipeline Iteration Mode as specified in <a href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Extensions.</em></p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL perform the derivation function, and then register the derived object as a new Managed Object, returning the new Unique Identifier for the new object in the response. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><span style="color:#000000">For the keys or Secret Data objects from which the key or Secret Data object is derived, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Derived Key pointing to the </span>Symmetric Key or Secret Data object derived as a result of this operation. For <span style="color:#000000">the </span>Symmetric Key or Secret Data object derived as a result of this operation, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type <span style="color:#000000">Derivation Base Object pointing to the keys or Secret Data objects from which the key or Secret Data object is derived.</span></p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497793" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932840" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128798" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307647" class="anchor"></span>Table 180: Derive Key Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 25%" /><col style="width: 15%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the type of object to be created.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes. MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object or objects to be used to derive a new key. Note that the current value of the ID Placeholder SHALL NOT be used in place of a Unique Identifier in this operation.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Method, see </span><a href="#derivation-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Enumeration object specifying the method to be used to derive the new key.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Parameters, see below</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">A Structure object containing the parameters needed by the specified derivation method.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2426" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1479" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4758" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired attributes to be associated with the new object using templates and/or individual attributes; the length and algorithm SHALL always be specified for the creation of a symmetric key.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497794" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932841" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128799" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307648" class="anchor"></span>Table 181: Derive Key Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 24%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 53%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8521" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4961" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4961" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the newly derived key or Secret Data object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4961" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <span style="color:#000000"><em>Derivation Parameters</em></span> for all derivation methods consist of the following parameters, except PBKDF2, which takes two additional parameters.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497795" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932842" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128800" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307649" class="anchor"></span>Table 182: Derivation Parameters Structure (Except PBKDF2)</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, except for HMAC derivation keys.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initialization Vector</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, depends on PRF and mode of operation: empty IV is assumed if not provided.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, unless the Unique Identifier of a Secret Data object is provided.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Cryptographic Parameters identify the Pseudorandom Function (PRF) or the mode of operation of the PRF (e.g., if a key is to be derived using the HASH derivation method, then clients are REQUIRED to indicate the hash algorithm inside Cryptographic Parameters; similarly, if a key is to be derived using AES in CBC mode, then clients are REQUIRED to indicate the Block Cipher Mode). The server SHALL verify that the specified mode matches one of the instances of Cryptographic Parameters set for the corresponding key. If Cryptographic Parameters are omitted, then the server SHALL select the Cryptographic Parameters with the lowest Attribute Index for the specified key. If the corresponding key does not have any Cryptographic Parameters attribute, or if no match is found, then an error is returned.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If a key is derived using HMAC, then the attributes of the derivation key provide enough information about the PRF, and the Cryptographic Parameters are ignored.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Derivation Data is either the data to be encrypted, hashed, or HMACed. For the NIST SP 800-108 methods <a href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>, Derivation Data is Label||{0x00}||Context, where the all-zero byte is OPTIONAL.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Most derivation methods (e.g., Encrypt) REQUIRE a derivation key and the derivation data to be used. The HASH derivation method REQUIRES either a derivation key or derivation data. Derivation data MAY either be explicitly provided by the client with the Derivation Data field or implicitly provided by providing the Unique Identifier of a Secret Data object. If both are provided, then an error SHALL be returned.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The PBKDF2 derivation method takes two additional parameters:</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc5711" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497796" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932843" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128801" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307650" class="anchor"></span>Table 183: PBKDF2 Derivation Parameters Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 22%" /><col style="width: 44%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, depends on the PRF.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initialization Vector</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No, depends on the PRF (if different than those defined in <a href="#PKCS5"><strong>[PKCS#5]</strong></a>) and mode of operation: an empty IV is assumed if not provided.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, unless the Unique Identifier of a Secret Data object is provided.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Salt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2659" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Iteration Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2093" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4187" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certify">Certify</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This request is used to generate a Certificate object for a public key. This request supports the certification of a new public key, as well as the certification of a public key that has already been certified (i.e., certificate update). Only a single certificate SHALL be requested at a time. Server support for this operation is OPTIONAL. If the server does not support this operation, an error SHALL be returned.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Certificate Request object MAY be omitted, in which case the public key for which a Certificate object is generated SHALL be specified by its Unique Identifier only. If the Certificate Request Type and the Certificate Request objects are omitted from the request, then the Certificate Type SHALL be specified using the Template-Attribute object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Certificate Request is passed as a Byte String, which allows multiple certificate request types for X.509 certificates (e.g., PKCS#10, PEM, etc.) to be submitted to the server.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The generated Certificate object whose Unique Identifier<span style="color:#000000"><em> </em></span>is returned MAY be obtained by the client via a Get operation in the same batch, using the ID Placeholder mechanism.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For the public key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Certificate pointing to the generated certificate. For the generated certificate, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Public Key pointing to the Public Key.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier of the generated certificate returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the information in the Certificate Request conflicts with the attributes specified in the Template-Attribute, then the information in the Certificate Request takes precedence.</p>
<table align="center" style="width:89%;">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497797" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932844" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128802" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307651" class="anchor"></span>Table 184: Certify Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the Public Key being certified. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request Type, see </span><a href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Enumeration object specifying the type of certificate request. It is REQUIRED if the Certificate Request is present.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">A Byte String object with the certificate request.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or individual attributes.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc5803" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497798" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932845" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128803" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307652" class="anchor"></span>Table 185: Certify Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the generated Certificate object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-certify">Re-certify</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This request is used to renew an existing certificate for the same key pair. Only a single certificate SHALL be renewed at a time. Server support for this operation is OPTIONAL. If the server does not support this operation, an error SHALL be returned.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Certificate Request object MAY be omitted, in which case the public key for which a Certificate object is generated SHALL be specified by its Unique Identifier only. If the Certificate Request Type and the Certificate Request objects are omitted and the Certificate Type is not specified using the Template-Attribute object in the request, then the Certificate Type of the new certificate SHALL be the same as that of the existing certificate.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Certificate Request is passed as a Byte String, which allows multiple certificate request types for X.509 certificates (e.g., PKCS#10, PEM, etc.) to be submitted to the server.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier of the new certificate returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the information in the Certificate Request field in the request conflicts with the attributes specified in the Template-Attribute, then the information in the Certificate Request takes precedence.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">As the new certificate takes over the name attribute of the existing certificate, Re-certify SHOULD only be performed once on a given (existing) certificate.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">For the existing certificate, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replacement pointing to the new certificate. For the new certificate, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Replaced pointing to the existing certificate. For the public key, the server SHALL change the Link attribute of Link Type Certificate to point to the new certificate.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An <em>Offset</em> MAY be used to indicate the difference between the Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the new certificate. If no Offset is specified, the Activation Date and Deactivation Date values are copied from the existing certificate. If Offset is set and dates exist for the existing certificate, then the dates of the new certificate SHALL be set based on the dates of the existing certificate as follows:</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref242083523" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497799" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932846" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128804" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307653" class="anchor"></span>Table 186: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-certify</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 38%" /><col style="width: 46%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in Existing Certificate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute in New Certificate</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>2</sub></em>) &gt; <em>IT<sub>1</sub></em></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>) = <em> IT<sub>2</sub>+ Offset</em></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date (<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4351" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date = <em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-<em> AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Attributes that are not copied from the existing certificate and that are handled in a specific way for the new certificate are:</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497800" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932847" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128805" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307654" class="anchor"></span>Table 187: Re-certify Attribute Requirements</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Action</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date, see </span><a href="#initial-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to current time.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date, see </span><a href="#destroy-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.28</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason, see </span><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not set.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">New value generated.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name, see </span><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to the name(s) of the existing certificate; all name attributes are removed from the existing certificate.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State, see </span><a href="#state"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set based on attributes values, such as dates, as shown in </span><a href="#_Ref242083523"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 186</span></a>.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest, see </span><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recomputed from the new certificate value.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link, see </span><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to point to the existing certificate as the replaced certificate.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2818" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date, see </span><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="4736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Set to current time.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497801" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932848" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128806" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307655" class="anchor"></span>Table 188: Re-certify Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 40%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8551" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the Certificate being renewed. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request Type, see </span><a href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Enumeration object specifying the type of certificate request. It is REQUIRED if the Certificate Request is present.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">A Byte String object with the certificate request.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Interval object indicating the difference between the Initial Date of the new certificate and the Activation Date of the new certificate.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or individual attributes.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc5996" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497802" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932849" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128807" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307656" class="anchor"></span>Table 189: Re-certify Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 40%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8551" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the new certificate.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute, see </span><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3828" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management server.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="locate">Locate</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests that the server search for one or more Managed Objects, depending on the attributes specified in the request. All attributes are allowed to be used. However, Attribute Index values SHOULD NOT be specified in the request. Attribute Index values that are provided SHALL be ignored by the server. The request MAY contain a <em>Maximum Items</em> field, which specifies the maximum number of objects to be returned. If the Maximum Items field is omitted, then the server MAY return all objects matched, or MAY impose an internal maximum limit due to resource limitations.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request MAY contain an <em>Offset Items</em> field, which specifies the number of objects to skip that satisfy the identification criteria specified in the request. An <em>Offset Items</em> field of 0 is the same as omitting the <em>Offset Items</em> field. If both <em>Offset Items</em> and <em>Maximum Items</em> are specified in the request, the server skips <em>Offset Items</em> objects and returns up to <em>Maximum Items</em> objects.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If more than one object satisfies the identification criteria specified in the request, then the response MAY contain Unique Identifiers for multiple Managed Objects. Returned objects SHALL match all of the attributes in the request. If no objects match, then an empty response payload is returned. If no attribute is specified in the request, any object SHALL be deemed to match the Locate request. The response MAY include <em>Located Items</em> which is the count of all objects that satisfy the identification criteria.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server returns a list of Unique Identifiers of the found objects, which then MAY be retrieved using the Get operation. If the objects are archived, then the Recover and Get operations are REQUIRED to be used to obtain those objects. If a single Unique Identifier is returned to the client, then the server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable. If the Locate operation matches more than one object, and the Maximum Items value is omitted in the request, or is set to a value larger than one, then the server SHALL empty the ID Placeholder, causing any subsequent operations that are batched with the Locate, and which do not specify a Unique Identifier explicitly, to fail. This ensures that these batched operations SHALL proceed only if a single object is returned by Locate.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Wild-cards or regular expressions (defined, e.g., in <a href="#ISOIEC_99452"><strong>[ISO/IEC 9945-2]</strong></a>) MAY be supported by specific key management system implementations for matching attribute fields when the field type is a Text String or a Byte String.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Date attributes in the Locate request (e.g., Initial Date, Activation Date, etc.) are used to specify a time or a time range for the search. If a single instance of a given Date attribute is used in the request (e.g., the Activation Date), then objects with the same Date attribute are considered to be matching candidate objects. If two instances of the same Date attribute are used (i.e., with two different values specifying a range), then objects for which the Date attribute is inside or at a limit of the range are considered to be matching candidate objects. If a Date attribute is set to its largest possible value, then it is equivalent to an undefined attribute. The KMIP Usage Guide <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a> provides examples.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When the Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute is specified in the request, candidate objects are compared against this field via an operation that consists of a logical AND of the requested mask with the mask in the candidate object, and then a comparison of the resulting value with the requested mask. For example, if the request contains a mask value of 10001100010000, and a candidate object mask contains 10000100010000, then the logical AND of the two masks is 10000100010000, which is compared against the mask value in the request (10001100010000) and the match fails. This means that a matching candidate object has all of the bits set in its mask that are set in the requested mask, but MAY have additional bits set.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When the Usage Limits attribute is specified in the request, matching candidate objects SHALL have a Usage Limits Count and Usage Limits Total equal to or larger than the values specified in the request.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When an attribute that is defined as a structure is specified, all of the structure fields are not REQUIRED to be specified. For instance, for the Link attribute, if the Linked Object Identifier value is specified without the Link Type value, then matching candidate objects have the Linked Object Identifier as specified, irrespective of their Link Type.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">When the Object Group attribute and the Object Group Member flag are specified in the request, and the value specified for Object Group Member is ‘Group Member Fresh’, matching candidate objects SHALL be fresh objects (see <a href="#fresh">3.34</a>) from the object group. If there are no more fresh objects in the group, the server MAY choose to generate a new object on-the-fly, based on server policy. If the value specified for Object Group Member is ‘Group Member Default’, the server locates the default object as defined by server policy.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Storage Status Mask field (see Section <a href="#storage-status-mask"><span style="color:#000000">9.1.3.3.2</span></a>) is used to indicate whether only on-line objects, only archived objects, or both on-line and archived objects are to be searched. Note that the server MAY store attributes of archived objects in order to expedite Locate operations that search through archived objects.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497803" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932850" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128808" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307657" class="anchor"></span>Table 190: Locate Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Integer object that indicates the maximum number of object identifiers the server MAY return.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Integer object that indicates the number of object identifiers to skip that satisfy the identification criteria specified in the request.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Status Mask, see </span><a href="#storage-status-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Integer object (used as a bit mask) that indicates whether only on-line objects, only archived objects, or both on-line and archived objects are to be searched. If omitted, then on-line only is assumed.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group Member, see </span><a href="#object-group-member-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.33</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Enumeration object that indicates the object group member type.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attributes"><span style="font-size:10pt">3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an attribute and its value(s) that are REQUIRED to match those in a candidate object (according to the matching rules defined above).</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc6073" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497804" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932851" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128809" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307658" class="anchor"></span>Table 191: Locate Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Located Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Integer object that indicates the number of object identifiers that satisfy the identification criteria specified in the request. A server MAY elect to omit this value from the Response if it is unable or unwilling to determine the total count of matched items.</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">A server MAY elect to return the Located Items value even if Offset Items is not present in the Request.</span></p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the located objects.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="check">Check</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests that the server check for the use of a Managed Object according to values specified in the request. This operation SHOULD only be used when placed in a batched set of operations, usually following a Locate, Create, Create Pair, Derive Key, Certify, Re-Certify, Re-key or Re-key Key Pair operation, and followed by a Get operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the server determines that the client is allowed to use the object according to the specified attributes, then the server returns the Unique Identifier of the object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the server determines that the client is not allowed to use the object according to the specified attributes, then the server empties the ID Placeholder and does not return the Unique Identifier, and the operation returns the set of attributes specified in the request that caused the server policy denial. The only attributes returned are those that resulted in the server determining that the client is not allowed to use the object, thus allowing the client to determine how to proceed.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">In a batch containing a Check operation the Batch Order Option SHOULD be set to true. Only STOP or UNDO Batch Error Continuation Option values SHOULD be used by the client in such a batch. Additional attributes that MAY be specified in the request are limited to:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Usage Limits Count (see Section <a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a>) – The request MAY contain the usage amount that the client deems necessary to complete its needed function. This does not require that any subsequent Get Usage Allocation operations request this amount. It only means that the client is ensuring that the amount specified is available.</p></li>
<li><p>Cryptographic Usage Mask – This is used to specify the cryptographic operations for which the client intends to use the object (see Section <a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask">3.19</a>). This allows the server to determine if the policy allows this client to perform these operations with the object. Note that this MAY be a different value from the one specified in a Locate operation that precedes this operation. Locate, for example, MAY specify a Cryptographic Usage Mask requesting a key that MAY be used for both Encryption and Decryption, but the value in the Check operation MAY specify that the client is only using the key for Encryption at this time.</p></li>
<li><p>Lease Time – This specifies a desired lease time (see Section <a href="#lease-time">3.20</a>). The client MAY use this to determine if the server allows the client to use the object with the specified lease or longer. Including this attribute in the Check operation does not actually cause the server to grant a lease, but only indicates that the requested lease time value MAY be granted if requested by a subsequent, batched Obtain Lease operation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Note that these objects are not encoded in an Attribute structure as shown in Section <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497805" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932852" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128810" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307659" class="anchor"></span>Table 192: Check Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being checked. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count, see </span><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the number of</span> <span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Units to be protected to be checked against server policy.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the Cryptographic Usage for which the client intends to use the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time, see </span><a href="#lease-time"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies a Lease Time value that the Client is asking the server to validate against server policy.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497806" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932853" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128811" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307660" class="anchor"></span>Table 193: Check Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, unless a failure,</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count, see </span><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Returned by the Server if the Usage Limits value specified in the Request Payload is larger than the value that the server policy allows.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask, see </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Returned by the Server if the Cryptographic Usage Mask specified in the Request Payload is rejected by the server for policy violation.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time, see </span><a href="#lease-time"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Returned by the Server if the Lease Time value in the Request Payload is larger than a valid Lease Time that the server MAY grant.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get">Get</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests that the server returns the Managed Object specified by its Unique Identifier.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Only a single object is returned. The response contains the Unique Identifier of the object, along with the object itself, which MAY be wrapped using a wrapping key as specified in the request.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following key format capabilities SHALL be assumed by the client; restrictions apply when the client requests the server to return an object in a particular format:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If a client registered a key in a given format, the server SHALL be able to return the key during the Get operation in the same format that was used when the key was registered.</p></li>
<li><p>Any other format conversion MAY be supported by the server.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If Key Format Type is specified to be PKCS#12 then the response payload SHALL be a PKCS#12 container as specified by [RFC7292]. The Unique Identifier SHALL be that of a private key to be included in the response. The container SHALL be protected using the Secret Data object specified via the private key’s Secret Data Link. The current certificate chain SHALL also be included as determined by using the private key’s Public Key link to get the corresponding public key, and then using that public key’s Certificate Link to get the base certificate, and then using each certificate’s Certificate Link to build the certificate chain. It is an error if there is more than one valid certificate chain.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497807" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932854" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128812" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307661" class="anchor"></span>Table 194: Get Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being requested. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type, see </span><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the key format type to be returned.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrap Type, see </span><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the Key Wrap Type of the returned key value.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Compression Type, see </span><a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the compression method for elliptic curve public keys.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Specification, see </span><a href="#key-wrapping-specification"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies keys and other information for wrapping the returned object. This field SHALL NOT be specified if the requested object is a Template.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc6279" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497808" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932855" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128813" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307662" class="anchor"></span>Table 195: Get Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Type of object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate, Symmetric Key, PGP Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see </span><a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The object being returned.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-attributes">Get Attributes</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests one or more attributes associated with a Managed Object. The object is specified by its Unique Identifier, and the attributes are specified by their name in the request. If a specified attribute has multiple instances, then all instances are returned. If a specified attribute does not exist (i.e., has no value), then it SHALL NOT be present in the returned response. If no requested attributes exist, then the response SHALL consist only of the Unique Identifier. If no attribute name is specified in the request, all attributes SHALL be deemed to match the Get Attributes request. The same attribute name SHALL NOT be present more than once in a request.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497809" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932856" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128814" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307663" class="anchor"></span>Table 196: Get Attributes Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object whose attributes are being requested. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the name of an attribute associated with the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc6348" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497810" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932857" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128815" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307664" class="anchor"></span>Table 197: Get Attributes Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The requested attribute associated with the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-attribute-list">Get Attribute List</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests a list of the attribute names associated with a Managed Object. The object is specified by its Unique Identifier.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497811" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932858" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128816" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307665" class="anchor"></span>Table 198: Get Attribute List Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object whose attribute names are being requested. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc6408" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497812" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932859" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128817" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307666" class="anchor"></span>Table 199: Get Attribute List Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The names of the available attributes associated with the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="add-attribute">Add Attribute</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to add a new attribute instance to be associated with a Managed Object and set its value. The request contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object to which the attribute pertains, along with the attribute name and value. For single-instance attributes, this is how the attribute value is created. For multi-instance attributes, this is how the first and subsequent values are created. Existing attribute values SHALL only be changed by the Modify Attribute operation. Read-Only attributes SHALL NOT be added using the Add Attribute operation. The Attribute Index SHALL NOT be specified in the request. The response returns a new Attribute Index and the Attribute Index MAY be omitted if the index of the added attribute instance is 0. Multiple Add Attribute requests MAY be included in a single batched request to add multiple attributes.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497813" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932860" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128818" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307667" class="anchor"></span>Table 200: Add Attribute Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the attribute to be added as an attribute for the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc6477" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497814" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932861" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128819" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307668" class="anchor"></span>Table 201: Add Attribute Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The added attribute associated with the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="modify-attribute">Modify Attribute</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to modify the value of an existing attribute instance associated with a Managed Object. The request contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object whose attribute is to be modified, the attribute name, the OPTIONAL Attribute Index, and the new value. If no Attribute Index is specified in the request, then the Attribute Index SHALL be assumed to be 0. Only existing attributes MAY be changed via this operation. New attributes SHALL only be added by the Add Attribute operation. Only the specified instance of the attribute SHALL be modified. Specifying an Attribute Index for which there exists no Attribute object SHALL result in an error. The response returns the modified Attribute (new value) and the Attribute Index MAY be omitted if the index of the modified attribute instance is 0. Multiple Modify Attribute requests MAY be included in a single batched request to modify multiple attributes.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497815" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932862" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128820" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307669" class="anchor"></span>Table 202: Modify Attribute Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the attribute associated with the object to be modified.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497816" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932863" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128821" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307670" class="anchor"></span>Table 203: Modify Attribute Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The modified attribute associated with the object with the new value.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="delete-attribute">Delete Attribute</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to delete an attribute associated with a Managed Object. The request contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object whose attribute is to be deleted, the attribute name, and the OPTIONAL Attribute Index of the attribute. If no Attribute Index is specified in the request, then the Attribute Index SHALL be assumed to be 0. Attributes that are always REQUIRED to have a value SHALL never be deleted by this operation. Attempting to delete a non-existent attribute or specifying an Attribute Index for which there exists no Attribute Value SHALL result in an error. The response returns the deleted Attribute and the Attribute Index MAY be omitted if the index of the deleted attribute instance is 0. Multiple Delete Attribute requests MAY be included in a single batched request to delete multiple attributes.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497817" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932864" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128822" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307671" class="anchor"></span>Table 204: Delete Attribute Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object whose attributes are being deleted. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the name of the attribute associated with the object to be deleted.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Index, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the Index of the Attribute.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc6625" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497818" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932865" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128823" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307672" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_obtain%20lease" class="anchor"></span>Table 205: Delete Attribute Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The deleted attribute associated with the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="obtain-lease">Obtain Lease</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to obtain a new <em>Lease Time</em> for a specified Managed Object. The Lease Time is an interval value that determines when the client&#039;s internal cache of information about the object expires and needs to be renewed. If the returned value of the lease time is zero, then the server is indicating that no lease interval is effective, and the client MAY use the object without any lease time limit. If a client&#039;s lease expires, then the client SHALL NOT use the associated cryptographic object until a new lease is obtained. If the server determines that a new lease SHALL NOT be issued for the specified cryptographic object, then the server SHALL respond to the Obtain Lease request with an error.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response payload for the operation contains the current value of the Last Change Date attribute for the object. This MAY be used by the client to determine if any of the attributes cached by the client need to be refreshed, by comparing this time to the time when the attributes were previously obtained.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497819" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932866" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128824" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307673" class="anchor"></span>Table 206: Obtain Lease Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object for which the lease is being obtained. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc6696" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497820" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932867" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128825" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307674" class="anchor"></span>Table 207: Obtain Lease Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 34%" /><col style="width: 15%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3259" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1464" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3259" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1464" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3259" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time, see </span><a href="#lease-time"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1464" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An interval (in seconds) that specifies the amount of time that the object MAY be used until a new lease needs to be obtained.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3259" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date, see </span><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1464" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The date and time indicating when the latest change was made to the contents or any attribute of the specified object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-usage-allocation">Get Usage Allocation</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to obtain an allocation from the current Usage Limits value to allow the client to use the Managed Cryptographic Object for applying cryptographic protection. The allocation only applies to Managed Cryptographic Objects that are able to be used for applying protection (e.g., symmetric keys for encryption, private keys for signing, etc.) and is only valid if the Managed Cryptographic Object has a Usage Limits attribute. Usage for processing cryptographically protected information (e.g., decryption, verification, etc.) is not limited and is not able to be allocated. A Managed Cryptographic Object that has a Usage Limits attribute SHALL NOT be used by a client for applying cryptographic protection unless an allocation has been obtained using this operation. The operation SHALL only be requested during the time that protection is enabled for these objects (i.e., after the Activation Date and before the Protect Stop Date). If the operation is requested for an object that has no Usage Limits attribute, or is not an object that MAY be used for applying cryptographic protection, then the server SHALL return an error.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The field in the request specifies the number of units that the client needs to protect. If the requested amount is not available or if the Managed Object is not able to be used for applying cryptographic protection at this time, then the server SHALL return an error. The server SHALL assume that the entire allocated amount is going to be consumed. Once the entire allocated amount has been consumed, the client SHALL NOT continue to use the Managed Cryptographic Object for applying cryptographic protection until a new allocation is obtained.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497821" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932868" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128826" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307675" class="anchor"></span>Table 208: Get Usage Allocation Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3603" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3603" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object whose usage allocation is being requested. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder is substituted by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count, see Usage Limits Count field in </span><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3603" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The number of Usage Limits Units to be protected.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497822" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932869" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128827" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307676" class="anchor"></span>Table 209: Get Usage Allocation Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3603" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1276" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3603" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="activate">Activate</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to activate a Managed Cryptographic Object. The request SHALL NOT specify a Template object. The operation SHALL only be performed on an object in the Pre-Active state and has the effect of changing its state to Active, and setting its Activation Date to the current date and time.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497823" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932870" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128828" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307677" class="anchor"></span>Table 210: Activate Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being activated. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc6836" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497824" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932871" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128829" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307678" class="anchor"></span>Table 211: Activate Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="revoke">Revoke</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to revoke a Managed Cryptographic Object or an Opaque Object. The request SHALL NOT specify a Template object. The request contains a reason for the revocation (e.g., “key compromise”, “cessation of operation”, etc.). Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>). Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this request. The operation has one of two effects. If the revocation reason is “key compromise”<span style="color:#000000"> or “CA compromise”</span>, then the object is placed into the “compromised” state; the Date is set to the current date and time<span style="color:#000000">; and the Compromise Occurrence Date is set to the value (if provided) in the Revoke request and if a value is not provided in the Revoke request then Compromise Occurrence Date SHOULD be set to the Initial Date for the object</span>. If the revocation reason is neither “key compromise” nor “CA compromise”, the object is placed into the “deactivated” state, and the Deactivation Date is set to the current date and time.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497825" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932872" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128830" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307679" class="anchor"></span>Table 212: Revoke Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being revoked. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason, see </span><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the reason for revocation.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date, see </span><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.29</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHOULD be specified if the Revocation Reason is &#039;key compromise&#039;</span><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"> or ‘CA compromise’ and SHALL NOT be specified for other Revocation Reason enumerations</span><span style="font-size:10pt">.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc6905" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497826" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932873" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128831" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307680" class="anchor"></span>Table 213: Revoke Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="destroy">Destroy</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to indicate to the server that the key material for the specified Managed Object SHALL be destroyed. The meta-data for the key material MAY be retained by the server (e.g., used to ensure that an expired or revoked private signing key is no longer available). Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>). Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this request. If the Unique Identifier specifies a Template object, then the object itself, including all meta-data, SHALL be destroyed. Cryptographic Objects MAY only be destroyed if they are in either Pre-Active or Deactivated state.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497827" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932874" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128832" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307681" class="anchor"></span>Table 214: Destroy Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being destroyed. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc6956" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497828" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932875" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128833" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307682" class="anchor"></span>Table 215: Destroy Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="archive">Archive</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to specify that a Managed Object MAY be archived. The actual time when the object is archived, the location of the archive, or level of archive hierarchy is determined by the policies within the key management system and is not specified by the client. The request contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object. Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>). Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this request. This request is only an indication from a client that, from its point of view, the key management system MAY archive the object.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497829" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932876" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128834" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307683" class="anchor"></span>Table 216: Archive Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being archived. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7006" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497830" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932877" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128835" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307684" class="anchor"></span>Table 217: Archive Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="recover">Recover</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to obtain access to a Managed Object that has been archived. This request MAY need asynchronous polling to obtain the response due to delays caused by retrieving the object from the archive. Once the response is received, the object is now on-line, and MAY be obtained (e.g., via a Get operation). Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>).</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497831" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932878" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128836" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307685" class="anchor"></span>Table 218: Recover Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the object being recovered. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7056" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497832" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932879" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128837" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307686" class="anchor"></span>Table 219: Recover Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="validate">Validate</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to validate a certificate chain and return information on its validity. Only a single certificate chain SHALL be included in each request. Support for this operation at the server is OPTIONAL. If the server does not support this operation, an error SHALL be returned.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request MAY contain a list of certificate objects, and/or a list of Unique Identifiers that identify Managed Certificate objects. Together, the two lists compose a certificate chain to be validated. The request MAY also contain a date for which all certificates in the certificate chain are REQUIRED to be valid.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The method or policy by which validation is conducted is a decision of the server and is outside of the scope of this protocol. Likewise, the order in which the supplied certificate chain is validated and the specification of trust anchors used to terminate validation are also controlled by the server.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497833" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932880" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128838" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307687" class="anchor"></span>Table 220: Validate Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate, see </span><a href="#certificate"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">One or more Certificates.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">One or more Unique Identifiers of Certificate Objects.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">A Date-Time object indicating when the certificate chain needs to be valid. If omitted, the current date and time SHALL be assumed.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7127" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497834" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932881" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128839" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307688" class="anchor"></span>Table 221: Validate Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Indicator, see </span><a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">An Enumeration object indicating whether the certificate chain is valid, invalid, or unknown.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="query">Query</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used by the client to interrogate the server to determine its capabilities and/or protocol mechanisms. The <em>Query</em> operation SHOULD be invocable by unauthenticated clients to interrogate server features and functions. The <em>Query Function</em> field in the request SHALL contain one or more of the following items:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Query Operations</p></li>
<li><p>Query Objects</p></li>
<li><p>Query Server Information</p></li>
<li><p>Query Application Namespaces</p></li>
<li><p>Query Extension List</p></li>
<li><p>Query Extension Map</p></li>
<li><p>Query Attestation Types</p></li>
<li><p>Query RNGs</p></li>
<li><p>Query Validations</p></li>
<li><p>Query Profiles</p></li>
<li><p>Query Capabilities</p></li>
<li><p>Query Client Registration Methods</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Operation</em> fields in the response contain Operation enumerated values, which SHALL list all the operations that the server supports. If the request contains a Query Operations value in the Query Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Object Type</em> fields in the response contain Object Type enumerated values, which SHALL list all the object types that the server supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Objects</em> value in the Query Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Server Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing vendor-specific fields and/or substructures. If the request contains a <em>Query Server Information</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Application Namespace</em> fields in the response contain the namespaces that the server SHALL generate values for if requested by the client (see Section <a href="#application-specific-information">3.36</a>). These fields SHALL only be returned in the response if the request contains a Query Application Namespaces value in the Query Function field.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Extension Information</em> fields in the response contain the descriptions of Objects with Item Tag values in the Extensions range that are supported by the server (see Section <a href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a>). If the request contains a <em>Query Extension List</em> and/or <em>Query Extension Map</em> value in the Query Function field, then the Extensions Information fields SHALL be returned in the response. If the Query Function field contains the Query Extension Map value, then the Extension Tag and Extension Type fields SHALL be specified in the Extension Information values. If both Query Extension List and Query Extension Map are specified in the request, then only the response to Query Extension Map SHALL be returned and the Query Extension List SHALL be ignored.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Attestation Type</em> fields in the response contain Attestation Type enumerated values, which SHALL list all the attestation types that the server supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Attestation Types</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any Attestation Types.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>RNG Parameters</em> fields in the response SHALL list all the Random Number Generators that the server supports. If the request contains a <em>Query RNGs</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response. If the server is unable to specify details of the RNG then it SHALL return an <em>RNG Parameters</em> with the <em>RNG Algorithm</em> enumeration of <em>Unspecified</em>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Validation Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing details of each formal validation which the server asserts. If the request contains a <em>Query Validations</em> value, then zero or more <em>Validation Information</em> fields SHALL be returned in the response. A server MAY elect to return no validation information in the response.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Profile Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing details of the profiles that a server supports including potentially how it supports that profile. If the request contains a <em>Query Profiles</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any Profiles.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Capability Information</em> fields in the response contain details of the capability of the server.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Client Registration Method</em> fields in the response contain Client Registration Method enumerated values, which SHALL list all the client registration methods that the server supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Client Registration Methods</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any Client Registration Methods.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Note that the response payload is empty if there are no values to return.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497835" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932882" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128840" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307689" class="anchor"></span>Table 222: Query Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Function, see </span><a href="#query-function-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.24</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be Repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the information being queried.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128841" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307690" class="anchor"></span>Table 223: Query Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation, see </span><a href="#operation-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.27</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an Operation that is supported by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies a Managed Object Type that is supported by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Identification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL be returned if Query Server Information is requested. The Vendor Identification SHALL be a text string that uniquely identifies the vendor.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contains vendor-specific information possibly be of interest to the client.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Namespace, see </span><a href="#application-specific-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an Application Namespace supported by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Information, see </span><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL be returned if Query Extension List or Query Extension Map is requested and supported by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type, see </span><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an Attestation Type that is supported by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Parameters, see </span><a href="#rng-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.18</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the RNG that is supported by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Information, see </span><a href="#profile-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the Profiles that are supported by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Information, see </span><a href="#validation-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the validations that are supported by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;2662&quot; w:name=&quot;_toc7226&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;2663&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc236497836&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;2664&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc310932883&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;2662&quot;/&gt;</span><span style="font-size:10pt">Capability Information, see </span><a href="#capability-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the capabilities that are supported by the server.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Registration Method, see </span><a href="#client-registration-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.47</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies a Client Registration Method that is supported by the server.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="discover-versions">Discover Versions</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used by the client to determine a list of protocol versions that is supported by the server. The request payload contains an OPTIONAL list of protocol versions that is supported by the client. The protocol versions SHALL be ranked in decreasing order of preference.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response payload contains a list of protocol versions that are supported by the server. The protocol versions are ranked in decreasing order of preference. If the client provides the server with a list of supported protocol versions in the request payload, the server SHALL return only the protocol versions that are supported by both the client and server. The server SHOULD list all the protocol versions supported by both client and server. If the protocol version specified in the request header is not specified in the request payload and the server does not support any protocol version specified in the request payload, the server SHALL return an empty list in the response payload. If no protocol versions are specified in the request payload, the server SHOULD return all the protocol versions that are supported by the server.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932884" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128842" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307691" class="anchor"></span>Table 224: Discover Versions Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version, see </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be Repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The list of protocol versions supported by the client ordered in decreasing order of preference.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932885" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128843" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307692" class="anchor"></span>Table 225: Discover Versions Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version, see </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The list of protocol versions supported by the server ordered in decreasing order of preference.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="cancel">Cancel</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to cancel an outstanding asynchronous operation. The correlation value (see Section <a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a>) of the original operation SHALL be specified in the request. The server SHALL respond with a <em>Cancellation Result</em> that contains one of the following values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Canceled</em> – The cancel operation succeeded in canceling the pending operation.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Unable To Cancel</em> – The cancel operation is unable to cancel the pending operation.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Completed</em> – The pending operation completed successfully before the cancellation operation was able to cancel it.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Failed</em> – The pending operation completed with a failure before the cancellation operation was able to cancel it.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Unavailable</em> – The specified correlation value did not match any recently pending or completed asynchronous operations.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response to this operation is not able to be asynchronous.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497837" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932886" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128844" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307693" class="anchor"></span>Table 226: Cancel Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value, see </span><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the request being canceled.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7291" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497838" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932887" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128845" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307694" class="anchor"></span>Table 227: Cancel Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value, see </span><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specified in the request.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cancellation Result, see </span><a href="#cancellation-result-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.25</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration indicating the result of the cancellation.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="poll">Poll</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to poll the server in order to obtain the status of an outstanding asynchronous operation. The correlation value (see Section <a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a>) of the original operation SHALL be specified in the request. The response to this operation SHALL NOT be asynchronous.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497839" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932888" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128846" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307695" class="anchor"></span>Table 228: Poll Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value, see </span><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the request being polled.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server SHALL reply with one of two responses:</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the operation has not completed, the response SHALL contain no payload and a Result Status of Pending.</p>
<p>If the operation has completed, the response SHALL contain the appropriate payload for the operation. This response SHALL be identical to the response that would have been sent if the operation had completed synchronously.</p>
<h2 id="encrypt">Encrypt</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform an encryption operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the encryption operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (mode and padding method), the data to be encrypted, and the IV/Counter/Nonce to use. The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object. The IV/Counter/Nonce MAY also be omitted from the request if the cryptographic parameters indicate that the server shall generate a Random IV on behalf of the client or the encryption algorithm does not need an IV/Counter/Nonce. The server does not store or otherwise manage the IV/Counter/Nonce.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Managed Cryptographic Object referenced has a Usage Limits attribute then the server SHALL obtain an allocation from the current Usage Limits value prior to performing the encryption operation. If the allocation is unable to be obtained the operation SHALL return with a result status of Operation Failed and result reason of Permission Denied.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the encryption operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc200105129" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128847" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307696" class="anchor"></span>Table 229: Encrypt Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the encryption operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">The Cryptographic Parameters (Block Cipher Mode, Padding Method, RandomIV) corresponding to the particular encryption method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be encrypted (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IV/Counter/Nonce</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The initialization vector, counter or nonce to be used (where appropriate).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authenticated Encryption Additional Data, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Any additional data to be authenticated via the Authenticated Encryption Tag. If supplied in multi-part encryption, this data MUST be supplied on the initial Encrypt request</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc200105130" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128848" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307697" class="anchor"></span>Table 230: Encrypt Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that was the key used for the encryption operation.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The encrypted data (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IV/Counter/Nonce</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The value used if the Cryptographic Parameters specified Random IV and the IV/Counter/Nonce value was not provided in the request and the algorithm requires the provision of an IV/Counter/Nonce.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authenticated Encryption Tag, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-tag">2.1.23</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the tag that will be needed to authenticate the decrypted data. Only returned on completion of the encryption of the last of the plaintext by an authenticated encryption cipher.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="decrypt">Decrypt</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform a decryption operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the decryption operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (mode and padding method), the data to be decrypted, and the IV/Counter/Nonce to use. The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object. The initialization vector/counter/nonce MAY also be omitted from the request if the algorithm does not use an IV/Counter/Nonce.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the decryption operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128849" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307698" class="anchor"></span>Table 231: Decrypt Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the decryption operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">The Cryptographic Parameters (Block Cipher Mode, Padding Method) corresponding to the particular decryption method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be decrypted (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IV/Counter/Nonce</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The initialization vector, counter or nonce to be used (where appropriate).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authenticated Encryption Additional Data, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Additional data to be authenticated via the Authenticated Encryption Tag. If supplied in multi-part decryption, this data MUST be supplied on the initial Decrypt request</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Authenticated Encryption Tag, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-tag">2.1.23</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the tag that will be needed to authenticate the decrypted data. If supplied in multi-part decryption, this data MUST be supplied on the initial Decrypt request</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128850" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307699" class="anchor"></span>Table 232: Decrypt Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key used for the decryption operation.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The decrypted data (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sign">Sign</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform a signature operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the signature operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (digital signature algorithm or cryptographic algorithm and hash algorithm) and the data to be signed. The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Managed Cryptographic Object referenced has a Usage Limits attribute then the server SHALL obtain an allocation from the current Usage Limits value prior to performing the signing operation. If the allocation is unable to be obtained the operation SHALL return with a result status of Operation Failed and result reason of Permission Denied.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the signature operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128851" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307700" class="anchor"></span>Table 233: Sign Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the signature operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">The Cryptographic Parameters (Digital Signature Algorithm or Cryptographic Algorithm and Hashing Algorithm) corresponding to the particular signature generation method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part, unless Digested Data is supplied.. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be signed (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digested Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The digested data to be signed (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128852" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307701" class="anchor"></span>Table 234: Sign Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key used for the signature operation.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Signature Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The signed data (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="signature-verify">Signature Verify</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform a signature verify operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the signature verification operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (digital signature algorithm or cryptographic algorithm and hash algorithm) and the signature to be verified and MAY contain the data that was passed to the signing operation (for those algorithms which need the original data to verify a signature).</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the OPTIONAL data recovered from the signature (for those signature algorithms where data recovery from the signature is supported). The validity of the signature is indicated by the Validity Indicator field.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128853" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307702" class="anchor"></span>Table 235: Signature Verify Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the signature verify operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">The Cryptographic Parameters (Digital Signature Algorithm or Cryptographic Algorithm and Hashing Algorithm) corresponding to the particular signature verification method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data that was signed (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digested Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The digested data to be verified (as a Byte String)</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Signature Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The signature to be verified (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128854" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307703" class="anchor"></span>Table 236: Signature Verify Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key used for the verification operation.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Validity Indicator, see <a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.23</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An Enumeration object indicating whether the signature is valid, invalid, or unknown.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The OPTIONAL recovered data (as a Byte String) for those signature algorithms where data recovery from the signature is supported.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="mac">MAC</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform message authentication code (MAC) operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the MAC operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (cryptographic algorithm) and the data to be MACed. The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the MAC operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128855" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307704" class="anchor"></span>Table 237: MAC Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the MAC operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">The Cryptographic Parameters (Cryptographic Algorithm) corresponding to the particular MAC method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be MACed (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128856" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307705" class="anchor"></span>Table 238: MAC Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key used for the MAC operation.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MAC Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data MACed (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="mac-verify">MAC Verify</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform message authentication code (MAC) verify operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for the MAC verify operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (cryptographic algorithm) and the data to be MAC verified and MAY contain the data that was passed to the MAC operation (for those algorithms which need the original data to verify a MAC). The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the MAC verify operation. The validity of the MAC is indicated by the Validity Indicator field.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128857" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307706" class="anchor"></span>Table 239: MAC Verify Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key to use for the MAC verify operation. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">The Cryptographic Parameters (Cryptographic Algorithm) corresponding to the particular MAC method requested. If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation Failed.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data that was MACed (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MAC Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be MAC verified (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128858" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307707" class="anchor"></span>Table 240: MAC Verify Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is the key used for the verification operation.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Validity Indicator, see <a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.23</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An Enumeration object indicating whether the MAC is valid, invalid, or unknown.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="rng-retrieve">RNG Retrieve</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to return output from a Random Number Generator (RNG).</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains the quantity of output requested.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the RNG output.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128859" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307708" class="anchor"></span>Table 241: RNG Retrieve Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The amount of random number generator output to be returned (in bytes).</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128860" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307709" class="anchor"></span>Table 242: RNG Retrieve Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The random number generator output.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="rng-seed">RNG Seed</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to seed a Random Number Generator.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains the seeding material.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the amount of seed data used.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The server MAY elect to ignore the information provided by the client (i.e. not accept the seeding material) and MAY indicate this to the client by returning zero as the value in the Data Length response. A client SHALL NOT consider a response from a server which does not use the provided data as an error.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128861" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307710" class="anchor"></span>Table 243: RNG Seed Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The data to be provided as a seed to the random number generator.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128862" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307711" class="anchor"></span>Table 244: RNG Seed Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The amount of seed data used (in bytes).</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="hash">Hash</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation requests the server to perform a hash operation on the data provided.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters (hash algorithm) and the data to be hashed.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The response contains the result of the hash operation.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128863" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307712" class="anchor"></span>Table 245: Hash Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Cryptographic Parameters (Hashing Algorithm) corresponding to the particular hash method requested.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The data to be hashed (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation (as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initial operation as Boolean</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Final operation as Boolean</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128864" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307713" class="anchor"></span>Table 246: Hash Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The hashed data (as a Byte String).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="create-split-key">Create Split Key</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to generate a new split key and register all the splits as individual new Managed Cryptographic Objects.</p>
<p>The request contains attributes to be assigned to the objects (e.g., Split Key Parts, Split Key Threshold, Split Key Method, Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). The request MAY contain the Unique Identifier of an existing cryptographic object that the client requests be split by the server. If the attributes supplied in the request do not match those of the key supplied, the attributes of the key take precedence.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifiers of all created objects. The ID Placeholder value SHALL be set to the Unique Identifier of the split whose Key Part Identifier is 1.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc311896716" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128865" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307714" class="anchor"></span>Table 247: Create Split Key Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the type of object to be created.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the key to be split (if applicable).</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key Parts</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The total number of parts.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key Threshold</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The minimum number of parts needed to reconstruct the entire key.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key Method</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Prime Field Size</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template-Attribute, see <a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or individual attributes.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128866" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307715" class="anchor"></span>Table 248: Create Split Key Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes, MAY be repeated</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The list of Unique Identifiers of the newly created objects.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template-Attribute, see <a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management system.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="join-split-key">Join Split Key</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to combine a list of Split Keys into a single Managed Cryptographic Object. The number of Unique Identifiers in the request SHALL be at least the value of the Split Key Threshold defined in the Split Keys.</p>
<p>The request contains the Object Type of the Managed Cryptographic Object that the client requests the Split Key Objects be combined to form. If the Object Type formed is Secret Data, the client MAY include the Secret Data Type in the request.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier of the object obtained by combining the Split Keys. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128867" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307716" class="anchor"></span>Table 249: Join Split Key Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the type of object to be created.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes, MAY be repeated</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the Split Keys to be combined to form the object returned by the server. The minimum number of identifiers is specified by the Split Key Threshold field in each of the Split Keys.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Secret Data Type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines which Secret Data type the Split Keys form.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template-Attribute, see <a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or individual attributes.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128868" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307717" class="anchor"></span>Table 250: Join Split Key Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the object obtained by combining the Split Keys.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template-Attribute, see <a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key management system.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="export">Export</h2>
<p>This operation requests that the server returns a Managed Object specified by its Unique Identifier, together with its attributes.</p>
<p>The Key Format Type, Key Wrap Type, Key Compression Type and Key Wrapping Specification SHALL have the same semantics as for the Get operation. If the Managed Object has been Destroyed then the key material for the specified managed object SHALL not be returned in the response.</p>
<p>The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operations into the ID Placeholder variable. Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong>).</p>
<p>Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this request.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128869" class="anchor"></span>Table 251: Export Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the object being requested. If omitted, then the IDPlaceholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Format Type, see <a href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the key format type to be returned.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Wrap Type, see <a href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the Key Wrap Type of the returned key value.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Compression Type, see <a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.2</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Determines the compression method for elliptic curve public keys.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Wrapping Specification, see <a href="#key-wrapping-specification">2.1.6</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Specifies keys and other information for wrapping the returned object..</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128870" class="anchor"></span>Table 252: Export Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Type of object</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the object.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes, is repeated</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">All of the object’s Attributes.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate, Symmetric Key, PGP Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The object value being returned, in the same manner as the Get operation.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="import">Import</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to Import a Managed Object specified by its Unique Identifier. The request specifies the object being imported and all the attributes to be assigned to the object. The attribute rules for each attribute for “Initially set by” and “When implicitly set” SHALL NOT be enforced as all attributes MUST be set to the supplied values rather than any server generated values.</p>
<p>Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong>). Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this request.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier provided in the request or assigned by the server. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operations into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128871" class="anchor"></span>Table 253: Export Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the object to be imported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Replace Existing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A Boolean. If specified and true then any existing object with the same Unique Identifier SHALL be replaced by this operation. If absent or false then the operation SHALL fail if there is an existing object with the same Unique Identifier.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Wrap Type, see <a href="#key-wrap-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.48</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">If Not Wrapped then the server SHALL unwrap the object before storing it, and return an error if the wrapping key is not available. Otherwise the server SHALL store the object as provided.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes, is repeated</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">All of the object’s Attributes.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate, Symmetric Key, PGP Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see <a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The object value being imported, in the same manner as the Register operation.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128872" class="anchor"></span>Table 254: Export Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Yes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Unique Identifier of the object.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="server-to-client-operations">Server-to-Client Operations</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Server-to-client operations are used by servers to send information or Managed Cryptographic Objects to clients via means outside of the normal client-server request-response mechanism. These operations are used to send Managed Cryptographic Objects directly to clients without a specific request from the client.</p>
<h2 id="notify">Notify</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to notify a client of events that resulted in changes to attributes of an object. This operation is only ever sent by a server to a client via means outside of the normal client request/response protocol, using information known to the server via unspecified configuration or administrative mechanisms. It contains the Unique Identifier of the object to which the notification applies, and a list of the attributes whose changed values have triggered the notification. The message uses the same format as a Request message (see <a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a href="#_Ref252203062">Table 280</a>), except that the Maximum Response Size, Asynchronous Indicator, Batch Error Continuation Option, and Batch Order Option fields are not allowed. The client SHALL send a response in the form of a Response Message (see <a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a href="#_Ref252203074">Table 281</a>) containing no payload, unless both the client and server have prior knowledge (obtained via out-of-band mechanisms) that the client is not able to respond.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7357" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497840" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932889" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128873" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307718" class="anchor"></span>Table 255: Notify Message Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attributes"><span style="font-size:10pt">3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The attributes that have changed. This includes at least the Last Change Date attribute. In case an attribute was deleted, the Attribute structure (see </span><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">) in question SHALL NOT contain the Attribute Value field.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="put">Put</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used to “push” Managed Cryptographic Objects to clients. This operation is only ever sent by a server to a client via means outside of the normal client request/response protocol, using information known to the server via unspecified configuration or administrative mechanisms. It contains the Unique Identifier of the object that is being sent, and the object itself. The message uses the same format as a Request message (see <a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a href="#_Ref252203062">Table 280</a>), except that the Maximum Response Size, Asynchronous Indicator, Batch Error Continuation Option, and Batch Order Option fields are not allowed. The client SHALL send a response in the form of a Response Message (see <a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a href="#_Ref252203074">Table 281</a>) containing no payload, unless both the client and server have prior knowledge (obtained via out-of-band mechanisms) that the client is not able to respond.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Put Function</em> field indicates whether the object being “pushed” is a new object, or is a replacement for an object already known to the client (e.g., when pushing a certificate to replace one that is about to expire, the Put Functionfield would be set to indicate replacement, and the Unique Identifier of the expiring certificate would be placed in the <em>Replaced Unique Identifier</em> field). The Put Function SHALL contain one of the following values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>New</em> – which indicates that the object is not a replacement for another object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Replace</em> – which indicates that the object is a replacement for another object, and that the Replaced Unique Identifier field is present and contains the identification of the replaced object. In case the object with the Replaced Unique Identifier does not exist at the client, the client SHALL interpret this as if the Put Function contained the value New.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The Attribute field contains one or more attributes that the server is sending along with the object. The server MAY include attributes with the object to specify how the object is to be used by the client. The server MAY include a Lease Time attribute that grants a lease to the client.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Managed Object is a wrapped key, then the key wrapping specification SHALL be exchanged prior to the transfer via out-of-band mechanisms.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7424" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497841" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932890" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128874" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307719" class="anchor"></span>Table 256: Put Message Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 33%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 35%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="7684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The Unique Identifier of the object.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Put Function, see </span><a href="#put-function-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.26</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Indicates function for Put message.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replaced Unique Identifier, see </span><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier of the replaced object. SHALL be present if the <em>Put Function</em> is <em>Replace.</em></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate, Symmetric Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see </span><a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The object being sent to the client.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3122" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute, see </span><a href="#attributes"><span style="font-size:10pt">3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1238" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3324" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The additional attributes that the server wishes to send with the object.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="query-1">Query</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This operation is used by the server to interrogate the client to determine its capabilities and/or protocol mechanisms. The <em>Query</em> operation SHOULD be invocable by unauthenticated servers to interrogate client features and functions. The <em>Query Function</em> field in the request SHALL contain one or more of the following items:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Query Operations</p></li>
<li><p>Query Objects</p></li>
<li><p>Query Server Information</p></li>
<li><p>Query Extension List</p></li>
<li><p>Query Extension Map</p></li>
<li><p>Query Attestation Types</p></li>
<li><p>Query RNGs</p></li>
<li><p>Query Validations</p></li>
<li><p>Query Profiles</p></li>
<li><p>Query Capabilities</p></li>
<li><p>Query Client Registration Methods</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Operation</em> fields in the response contain Operation enumerated values, which SHALL list all the operations that the client supports. If the request contains a Query Operations value in the Query Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Object Type</em> fields in the response contain Object Type enumerated values, which SHALL list all the object types that the client supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Objects</em> value in the Query Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Server Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing vendor-specific fields and/or substructures. If the request contains a <em>Query Server Information</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Extension Information</em> fields in the response contain the descriptions of Objects with Item Tag values in the Extensions range that are supported by the server (see Section <a href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a>). If the request contains a <em>Query Extension List</em> and/or <em>Query Extension Map</em> value in the Query Function field, then the Extensions Information fields SHALL be returned in the response. If the Query Function field contains the Query Extension Map value, then the Extension Tag and Extension Type fields SHALL be specified in the Extension Information values. If both Query Extension List and Query Extension Map are specified in the request, then only the response to Query Extension Map SHALL be returned and the Query Extension List SHALL be ignored.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Attestation Type</em> fields in the response contain Attestation Type enumerated values, which SHALL list all the attestation types that the client supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Attestation Types</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any Attestation Types.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>RNG Parameters</em> fields in the response SHALL list all the Random Number Generators that the client supports. If the request contains a <em>Query RNGs</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response. If the server is unable to specify details of the RNG then it SHALL return an <em>RNG Parameters</em> with the <em>RNG Algorithm</em> enumeration of <em>Unspecified</em>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Validation Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing details of each formal validation which the client asserts. If the request contains a <em>Query Validations</em> value, then zero or more <em>Validation Information</em> fields SHALL be returned in the response. A client MAY elect to return no validation information in the response.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A <em>Profile Information</em> field in the response is a structure containing details of the profiles that a client supports including potentially how it supports that profile. If the request contains a <em>Query Profiles</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the client supports any Profiles.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Capability Information</em> fields in the response contain details of the capability of the client.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Client Registration Method</em> fields in the response contain Client Registration Method enumerated values, which SHALL list all the client registration methods that the client supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Client Registration Methods</em> value in the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any Client Registration Methods.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Note that the response payload is empty if there are no values to return.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128875" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307720" class="anchor"></span>Table 257: Query Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Function, see </span><a href="#query-function-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.24</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be Repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Determines the information being queried.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128876" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307721" class="anchor"></span>Table 258: Query Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation, see </span><a href="#operation-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.27</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an Operation that is supported by the client.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type, see </span><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies a Managed Object Type that is supported by the client.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Identification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL be returned if Query Server Information is requested. The Vendor Identification SHALL be a text string that uniquely identifies the vendor.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contains vendor-specific information in response to the Query.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Information, see </span><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHALL be returned if Query Extension List or Query Extension Map is requested and supported by the client.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type, see </span><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies an Attestation Type that is supported by the client.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Parameters, see </span><a href="#rng-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.18</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the RNG that is supported by the client.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Information, see </span><a href="#profile-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the Profiles that are supported by the client.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Information, see </span><a href="#validation-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the validations that are supported by the client.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Capability Information, see </span><a href="#capability-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies the capabilities that are supported by the client.</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Registration Method, see </span><a href="#client-registration-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.47</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Specifies a Client Registration Method that is supported by the client.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt"><span style="color:#3B006F; font-size:13.5pt"><strong>5.4 Discover Versions</strong></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt"><span style="color:#000000">This operation is used by the server to determine a list of protocol versions that is supported by the client.</span> The request payload contains an OPTIONAL list of protocol versions that is supported by the server. The protocol versions SHALL be ranked in decreasing order of preference.</p>
<p style="margin-top:5pt; margin-bottom:5pt">The response payload contains a list of protocol versions that are supported by the client. The protocol versions are ranked in decreasing order of preference. If the server provides the client with a list of supported protocol versions in the request payload, the client SHALL return only the protocol versions that are supported by both the client and server. The client SHOULD list all the protocol versions supported by both client and server. If the protocol version specified in the request header is not specified in the request payload and the client does not support any protocol version specified in the request payload, the client SHALL return an empty list in the response payload. If no protocol versions are specified in the request payload, the client SHOULD return all the protocol versions that are supported by the client.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128877" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307722" class="anchor"></span>Table 259: Discover Versions Request Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version, see </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be Repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The list of protocol versions supported by the server ordered in decreasing order of preference.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128878" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307723" class="anchor"></span>Table 260: Discover Versions Response Payload</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 36%" /><col style="width: 13%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="8318" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3439" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version, see </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1284" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3595" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">The list of protocol versions supported by the client ordered in decreasing order of preference.</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="message-contents">Message Contents</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The messages in the protocol consist of a message header, one or more batch items (which contain OPTIONAL message payloads), and OPTIONAL message extensions. The message headers contain fields whose presence is determined by the protocol features used (e.g., asynchronous responses). The field contents are also determined by whether the message is a request or a response. The message payload is determined by the specific operation being requested or to which is being replied.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The message headers are structures that contain some of the following objects.</p>
<h2 id="protocol-version">Protocol Version</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field contains the version number of the protocol, ensuring that the protocol is fully understood by both communicating parties. The version number SHALL be specified in two parts, major and minor. Servers and clients SHALL support backward compatibility with versions of the protocol with the same major version. Support for backward compatibility with different major versions is OPTIONAL.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7468" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497842" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932891" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128879" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307724" class="anchor"></span>Table 261: Protocol Version Structure in Message Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Major</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Minor</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="operation">Operation</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field indicates the operation being requested or the operation for which the response is being returned. The operations are defined in Sections <a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a> and <a href="#server-to-client-operations">5</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7491" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497843" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932892" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128880" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307725" class="anchor"></span>Table 262: Operation in Batch Item</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#operation-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.27</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="maximum-response-size">Maximum Response Size</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is an OPTIONAL field contained in a request message, and is used to indicate the maximum size of a response, in bytes, that the requester SHALL be able to handle. It SHOULD only be sent in requests that possibly return large replies.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7514" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497844" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932893" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128881" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307726" class="anchor"></span>Table 263: Maximum Response Size in Message Request Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Response Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="unique-batch-item-id">Unique Batch Item ID</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is an OPTIONAL field contained in a request, and is used for correlation between requests and responses. If a request has a <em>Unique Batch Item ID</em>, then responses to that request SHALL have the same Unique Batch Item ID.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7537" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497845" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932894" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128882" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307727" class="anchor"></span>Table 264: Unique Batch Item ID in Batch Item</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Batch Item ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="time-stamp">Time Stamp</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is an OPTIONAL field contained in a client request. It is REQUIRED in a server request and response. It is used for time stamping, and MAY be used to enforce reasonable time usage at a client (e.g., a server MAY choose to reject a request if a client&#039;s time stamp contains a value that is too far off the server’s time). Note that the time stamp MAY be used by a client that has no real-time clock, but has a countdown timer, to obtain useful “seconds from now” values from all of the Date attributes by performing a subtraction.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7560" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497846" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932895" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128883" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307728" class="anchor"></span>Table 265: Time Stamp in Message Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Time Stamp</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="authentication">Authentication</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is used to authenticate the requester. It is an OPTIONAL information item, depending on the type of request being issued and on server policies. Servers MAY require authentication on no requests, a subset of the requests, or all requests, depending on policy. Queryoperations used to interrogate server features and functions SHOULD NOT require authentication. The Authentication structure SHALL contain one or more Credential structures.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The authentication mechanisms are described and discussed in Section <a href="#authentication-1">8</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497847" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932896" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128884" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307729" class="anchor"></span>Table 266: Authentication Structure in Message Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authentication</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="asynchronous-indicator">Asynchronous Indicator</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This Boolean flag indicates whether the client is able to accept an asynchronous response. It SHALL have the Boolean value True if the client is able to handle asynchronous responses, and the value False otherwise. If not present in a request, then False is assumed. If a client indicates that it is not able to handle asynchronous responses, the server SHALL process the request synchronously.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7616" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497848" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932897" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128885" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307730" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_asynch%20correlator" class="anchor"></span>Table 267: Asynchronous Indicator in Message Request Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="asynchronous-correlation-value">Asynchronous Correlation Value</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is returned in the immediate response to an operation that is pending and that requires asynchronous polling. Note: the server decides which operations are performed synchronously or asynchronously (see <a href="#asynchronous-indicator">6.7</a>). A server-generated correlation value SHALL be specified in any subsequent Poll or Cancel operations that pertain to the original operation.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7639" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497849" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932898" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128886" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307731" class="anchor"></span>Table 268: Asynchronous Correlation Value in Response Batch Item</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="result-status">Result Status</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This is sent in a response message and indicates the success or failure of a request. The following values MAY be set in this field:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Success</em> – The requested operation completed successfully.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Operation Pending</em> – The requested operation is in progress, and it is necessary to obtain the actual result via asynchronous polling. The asynchronous correlation value SHALL be used for the subsequent polling of the result status.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Operation Undone</em> – The requested operation was performed, but had to be undone (i.e., due to a failure in a batch for which the Error Continuation Option (see <a href="#batch-error-continuation-option">6.13</a> and <a href="#operations">7.2</a>) was set to Undo).</p></li>
<li><p><em>Operation Failed</em> – The requested operation failed.</p></li>
</ul>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7666" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497850" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932899" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128887" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307732" class="anchor"></span>Table 269: Result Status in Response Batch Item</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Status</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#result-status-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.28</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="result-reason">Result Reason</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field indicates a reason for failure or a modifier for a partially successful operation and SHALL be present in responses that return a Result Status of Failure. In such a case, the Result Reason SHALL be set as specified in Section <a href="#error-handling">11</a>. It is OPTIONAL in any response that returns a Result Status of Success.The following defined values are defined for this field:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Item not found</em> – A requested object was not found or did not exist.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Response too large</em> – The response to a request would exceed the <em>Maximum Response Size</em> in the request.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Authentication not successful</em> – The authentication information in the request could not be validated, or was not found.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Invalid message</em> – The request message was not understood by the server.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Operation not supported</em> – The operation requested by the request message is not supported by the server.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Missing data</em> – The operation REQUIRED additional information in the request, which was not present.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Invalid field</em> – Some data item in the request has an invalid value.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Feature not supported</em> – An OPTIONAL feature specified in the request is not supported.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Operation canceled by requester</em> – The operation was asynchronous, and the operation was canceled by the Cancel operation before it completed successfully.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Cryptographic failure</em> – The operation failed due to a cryptographic error.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Illegal operation</em> – The client requested an operation that was not able to be performed with the specified parameters.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Permission denied</em> – The client does not have permission to perform the requested operation.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Object archived</em> – The object SHALL be recovered from the archive before performing the operation.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Index Out of Bounds</em> – The client tried to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Application Namespace Not Supported</em> – The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and the server was not able to generate the Application Data field of an Application Specific Information attribute if the field was omitted from the client request.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type Not Supported</em> – The object exists, but the server is unable to provide it in the desired Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type.</p></li>
<li><p><em>General failure</em> – The request failed for a reason other than the defined reasons above.</p></li>
</ul>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7703" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497851" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932900" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128888" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307733" class="anchor"></span>Table 270: Result Reason in Response Batch Item</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#result-reason-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.29</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="result-message">Result Message</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field MAY be returned in a response. It contains a more descriptive error message, which MAY be provided to an end user or used for logging/auditing purposes.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7726" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497852" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932901" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128889" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307734" class="anchor"></span>Table 271: Result Message in Response Batch Item</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="batch-order-option">Batch Order Option</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A Boolean value used in requests where the Batch Count is greater than 1. If True, then batched operations SHALL be executed in the order in which they appear within the request. If False, then the server MAY choose to execute the batched operations in any order. If not specified, then False is assumed (i.e., no implied ordering). Server support for this feature is OPTIONAL, but if the server does not support the feature, and a request is received with the batch order option set to True, then the entire request SHALL be rejected.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7749" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497853" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932902" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128890" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307735" class="anchor"></span>Table 272: Batch Order Option in Message Request Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Order Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="batch-error-continuation-option">Batch Error Continuation Option</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This option SHALL only be present if the Batch Count is greater than 1. This option SHALL have one of three values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Undo –</em> If any operation in the request fails, then the server SHALL undo all the previous operations.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Stop –</em> If an operation fails, then the server SHALL NOT continue processing subsequent operations in the request. Completed operations SHALL NOT be undone.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Continue –</em> Return an error for the failed operation, and continue processing subsequent operations in the request.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If not specified, then Stop is assumed.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Server support for this feature is OPTIONAL, but if the server does not support the feature, and a request is received containing the <em>Batch Error Continuation</em> <em>Option</em> with a value other than the default Stop, then the entire request SHALL be rejected.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7777" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497854" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932903" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128891" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307736" class="anchor"></span>Table 273: Batch Error Continuation Option in Message Request Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Error Continuation Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration, see </span><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.30</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="batch-count">Batch Count</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field contains the number of Batch Items in a message and is REQUIRED. If only a single operation is being requested, then the batch count SHALL be set to 1. The Message Payload, which follows the Message Header, contains one or more batch items.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7800" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497855" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932904" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128892" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307737" class="anchor"></span>Table 274: Batch Count in Message Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="batch-item">Batch Item</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This field consists of a structure that holds the individual requests or responses in a batch, and is REQUIRED. The contents of the batch items are described in Section <a href="#operations">7.2</a>.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7823" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497856" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932905" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128893" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307738" class="anchor"></span>Table 275: Batch Item in Message</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="message-extension">Message Extension</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The <em>Message Extension</em> is an OPTIONAL structure that MAY be appended to any Batch Item. It is used to extend protocol messages for the purpose of adding vendor-specified extensions. The Message Extension is a structure that SHALL contain the Vendor Identification, Criticality Indicator, and Vendor Extension fields. The <em>Vendor Identification</em> SHALL be a text string that uniquely identifies the vendor, allowing a client to determine if it is able to parse and understand the extension. If a client or server receives a protocol message containing a message extension that it does not understand, then its actions depend on the <em>Criticality Indicator</em>. If the indicator is True (i.e., Critical), and the receiver does not understand the extension, then the receiver SHALL reject the entire message. If the indicator is False (i.e., Non-Critical), and the receiver does not understand the extension, then the receiver MAY process the rest of the message as if the extension were not present. The <em>Vendor Extension</em> structure SHALL contain vendor-specific extensions.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7873" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497857" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932906" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128894" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307739" class="anchor"></span>Table 276: Message Extension Structure in Batch Item</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Identification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Criticality Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="attestation-capable-indicator">Attestation Capable Indicator</h2>
<p>The <em>Attestation Capable Indicator</em> flag indicates whether the client is able to create an Attestation Credential object. It SHALL have Boolean value True if the client is able to create an Attestation Credential object, and the value False otherwise. If not present, the value False is assumed. If a client indicates that it is not able to create an Attestation Credential Object, and the client has issued an operation that requires attestation such as Get, then the server SHALL respond to the request with a failure.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128895" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307740" class="anchor"></span>Table 277: Attestation Capable Indicator in Message Request Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Capable Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="client-correlation-value">Client Correlation Value</h2>
<p>The Client Correlation Value is a string that MAY be added to messages by clients to provide additional information to the server. It need not be unique. The server SHOULD log this information. The Client Correlation Value is provided in the request for client to server operations. The Client Correlation Value is provided in the response for server to client operations.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128896" class="anchor"></span>Table 278: Client Correlation Value in Message Request Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="server-correlation-value">Server Correlation Value</h2>
<p>The Server Correlation Value SHOULD be provided by the server and SHOULD be globally unique, and SHOULD be logged by the server with each request.</p>
<p>The Server Correlation Value is provided in the response for client to server operations. The Server Correlation Value is provided in the request for server to client operations.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128897" class="anchor"></span>Table 279: Server Correlation Value in Message Request Header</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="message-format">Message Format</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Messages contain the following objects and fields. All fields SHALL appear in the order specified.</p>
<h2 id="message-structure">Message Structure</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref252203062" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497858" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932907" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128898" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307741" class="anchor"></span>Table 280: Request Message Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#_Ref242532521"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 282</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#_Ref242532765"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 283</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc7954" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref252203074" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497859" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932908" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128899" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307742" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_synchronous%20batched%20operations" class="anchor"></span>Table 281: Response Message Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 30%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#_Ref242532824"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 284</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#_Ref242532881"><span style="font-size:10pt">Table 285</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2882" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, MAY be repeated</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="operations">Operations</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the client is capable of accepting asynchronous responses, then it MAY set the <em>Asynchronous Indicator</em> in the header of a batched request. The batched responses MAY contain a mixture of synchronous and asynchronous responses.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref242532521" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497864" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932909" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128900" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307743" class="anchor"></span>Table 282: Request Header Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="7889" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Header</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>REQUIRED in Message</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Comment</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Response Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#maximum-response-size"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.3</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#client-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.18</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#server-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.19</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#asynchronous-indicator"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.7</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Capable Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#attestation-capable-indicator"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.17</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.36</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authentication</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#authentication"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.6</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Error Continuation Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">If omitted, then Stop is assumed, see </span><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.13</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Order Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">If omitted, then False is assumed, see </span><a href="#batch-order-option"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.12</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Time Stamp</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#time-stamp"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.5</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#batch-count"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.14</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref242532765" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497865" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932910" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128901" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307744" class="anchor"></span>Table 283: Request Batch Item Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="7886" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Request Batch Item</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>REQUIRED in Message</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Comment</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#batch-item"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.15</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#operation"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.2</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Batch Item ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED if <em>Batch Count</em> &gt; 1, see </span><a href="#unique-batch-item-id"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.4</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, contents depend on the Operation, see </span><a href="#client-to-server-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">and </span><a href="#server-to-client-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">5</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2630" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Ref242532824" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497866" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932911" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128902" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307745" class="anchor"></span>Table 284: Response Header Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="7889" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Header</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>REQUIRED in Message</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Comment</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Time Stamp</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#time-stamp"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.5</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#nonce"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.14</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No, MAY be repeated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED in <em>Attestation Required</em> error message if client set Attestation Capable Indicator to True in the request, see </span><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.36</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#client-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.18</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#server-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.19</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#batch-count"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.14</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc8545" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref242532881" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497867" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932912" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128903" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307746" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_authentication" class="anchor"></span>Table 285: Response Batch Item Structure</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="7889" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Response Batch Item</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>REQUIRED in Message</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Comment</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, see </span><a href="#batch-item"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.15</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if specified in Request Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#operation"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.2</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Batch Item ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED if present in Request Batch Item, see </span><a href="#unique-batch-item-id"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.4</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Status</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#result-status"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.9</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if Result Status is <em>Failure</em></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED if Result Status is <em>Failure</em>, otherwise OPTIONAL, see </span><a href="#result-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.10</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">OPTIONAL if Result Status is not <em>Pending </em>or<em> Success</em>, see </span><a href="#result-message"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.11</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">REQUIRED if Result Status is <em>Pending</em>, see </span><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.8</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Yes, if not a failure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure, contents depend on the Operation, see </span><a href="#client-to-server-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">and </span><a href="#server-to-client-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">5</span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2628" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2633" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">See </span><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="authentication-1">Authentication</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The mechanisms used to authenticate the client to the server and the server to the client are not part of the message definitions, and are external to the protocol. The KMIP Server SHALL support authentication as defined in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
<h1 id="message-encoding">Message Encoding</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">To support different transport protocols and different client capabilities, a number of message-encoding mechanisms are supported.</p>
<h2 id="ttlv-encoding">TTLV Encoding</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">In order to minimize the resource impact on potentially low-function clients, one encoding mechanism to be used for protocol messages is a simplified TTLV (Tag, Type, Length, Value) scheme.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The scheme is designed to minimize the CPU cycle and memory requirements of clients that need to encode or decode protocol messages, and to provide optimal alignment for both 32-bit and 64-bit processors. Minimizing bandwidth over the transport mechanism is considered to be of lesser importance.</p>
<h3 id="ttlv-encoding-fields">TTLV Encoding Fields</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">Every Data object encoded by the TTLV scheme consists of four items, in order:</p>
<h4 id="item-tag">Item Tag</h4>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An Item Tag is a three-byte binary unsigned integer, transmitted big endian, which contains a number that designates the specific Protocol Field or Object that the TTLV object represents. To ease debugging, and to ensure that malformed messages are detected more easily, all tags SHALL contain either the value 42 in hex or the value 54 in hex as the high order (first) byte. Tags defined by this specification contain hex 42 in the first byte. Extensions, which are permitted, but are not defined in this specification, contain the value 54 hex in the first byte. A list of defined Item Tags is in Section <a href="#tags">9.1.3.1</a></p>
<h4 id="item-type">Item Type</h4>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An Item Type is a byte containing a coded value that indicates the data type of the data object. The allowed values are:</p>
<table style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc8633" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref297913935" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497868" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932913" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128904" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307747" class="anchor"></span>Table 286: Allowed Item Type Values</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 32%" /><col style="width: 22%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Data Type</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Coded Value in Hex</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Structure</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">01</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">02</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Long Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">03</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Big Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">04</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Enumeration</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">05</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Boolean</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">06</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Text String</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">07</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">08</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Date-Time</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">09</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Interval</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">0A</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="item-length">Item Length</h4>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An Item Length is a 32-bit binary integer, transmitted big-endian, containing the number of bytes in the Item Value. The allowed values are:</p>
<table style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497869" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932914" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128905" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307748" class="anchor"></span>Table 287: Allowed Item Length Values</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 32%" /><col style="width: 22%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Data Type</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Length</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Structure</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Varies, multiple of 8</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">4</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Long Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">8</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Big Integer</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Varies, multiple of 8</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Enumeration</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">4</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Boolean</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">8</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Text String</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Varies</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Byte String</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Varies</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Date-Time</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">8</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3078" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Interval</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2072" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">4</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If the Item Type is Structure, then the Item Length is the total length of all of the sub-items contained in the structure, including any padding. If the Item Type is Integer, Enumeration, Text String, Byte String, or Interval, then the Item Length is the number of bytes excluding the padding bytes. Text Strings and Byte Strings SHALL be padded with the minimal number of bytes following the Item Value to obtain a multiple of eight bytes. Integers, Enumerations, and Intervals SHALL be padded with four bytes following the Item Value.</p>
<h4 id="item-value">Item Value</h4>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The item value is a sequence of bytes containing the value of the data item, depending on the type:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Integers are encoded as four-byte long (32 bit) binary signed numbers in 2&#039;s complement notation, transmitted big-endian.</p></li>
<li><p>Long Integers are encoded as eight-byte long (64 bit) binary signed numbers in 2&#039;s complement notation, transmitted big-endian.</p></li>
<li><p>Big Integers are encoded as a sequence of eight-bit bytes, in two&#039;s complement notation, transmitted big-endian. If the length of the sequence is not a multiple of eight bytes, then Big Integers SHALL be padded with the minimal number of leading sign-extended bytes to make the length a multiple of eight bytes. These padding bytes are part of the Item Value and SHALL be counted in the Item Length.</p></li>
<li><p>Enumerations are encoded as four-byte long (32 bit) binary unsigned numbers transmitted big-endian. <span style="color:#000000">Extensions, which are permitted, but are not defined in this specification, contain the value 8 hex in the first nibble of the first byte.</span></p></li>
<li><p>Booleans are encoded as an eight-byte value that SHALL either contain the hex value 0000000000000000, indicating the Boolean value <em>False,</em> or the hex value 0000000000000001, transmitted big-endian, indicating the Boolean value <em>True.</em></p></li>
<li><p>Text Strings are sequences of bytes that encode character values according to the UTF-8 encoding standard. There SHALL NOT be null-termination at the end of such strings.</p></li>
<li><p>Byte Strings are sequences of bytes containing individual unspecified eight-bit binary values, and are interpreted in the same sequence order.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt">Date-Time values are POSIX Time values encoded as Long Integers. POSIX Time, as described in IEEE Standard 1003.1 <a href="#IEEE1003_1"><strong>[FIPS202]</strong> SHA-3 Standard: Permutation-Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions, August 2015.<strong> </strong>http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.202.pdf</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>[IEEE1003-1]</strong>, is the number of seconds since the Epoch (1970 Jan 1, 00:00:00 UTC), not counting leap seconds.</p></li>
<li><p>Intervals are encoded as four-byte long (32 bit) binary unsigned numbers, transmitted big-endian. They have a resolution of one second.</p></li>
<li><p>Structure Values are encoded as the concatenated encodings of the elements of the structure. All structures defined in this specification SHALL have all of their fields encoded in the order in which they appear in their respective structure descriptions.</p></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">These examples are assumed to be encoding a Protocol Object whose tag is 420020. The examples are shown as a sequence of bytes in hexadecimal notation:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>An Integer containing the decimal value 8:</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">42 00 20 | 02 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A Long Integer containing the decimal value 123456789000000000:</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">42 00 20 | 03 | 00 00 00 08 | 01 B6 9B 4B A5 74 92 00</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A Big Integer containing the decimal value 1234567890000000000000000000:</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">42 00 20 | 04 | 00 00 00 10 | 00 00 00 00 03 FD 35 EB 6B C2 DF 46 18 08 00 00</p>
<ul>
<li><p>An Enumeration with value 255:</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">42 00 20 | 05 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 FF 00 00 00 00</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A Boolean with the value <em>True</em>:</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">42 00 20 | 06 | 00 00 00 08 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A Text String with the value &quot;Hello World&quot;:</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">42 00 20 | 07 | 00 00 00 0B | 48 65 6C 6C 6F 20 57 6F 72 6C 64 00 00 00 00 00</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A Byte String with the value { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03 }:</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">42 00 20 | 08 | 00 00 00 03 | 01 02 03 00 00 00 00 00</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A Date-Time, containing the value for Friday, March 14, 2008, 11:56:40 GMT:</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">42 00 20 | 09 | 00 00 00 08 | 00 00 00 00 47 DA 67 F8</p>
<ul>
<li><p>An Interval, containing the value for 10 days:</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">42 00 20 | 0A | 00 00 00 04 | 00 0D 2F 00 00 00 00 00</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A Structure containing an Enumeration, value 254, followed by an Integer, value 255, having tags 420004 and 420005 respectively:</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt; margin-left:36pt">42 00 20 | 01 | 00 00 00 20 | 42 00 04 | 05 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 FE 00 00 00 00 | 42 00 05 | 02 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 FF 00 00 00 00</p>
<h3 id="defined-values">Defined Values</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This section specifies the values that are defined by this specification. In all cases where an extension mechanism is allowed, this extension mechanism is only able to be used for communication between parties that have pre-agreed understanding of the specific extensions.</p>
<h4 id="tags">Tags</h4>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following table defines the tag values for the objects and primitive data values for the protocol messages.</p>
<table style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc9702" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Ref297913892" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497870" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932915" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128906" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307749" class="anchor"></span>Table 288: Tag Values</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="5854" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Tag</strong></span></th></tr>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Tag Value</strong></span></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">(Unused)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">000000 - 420000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Namespace</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Specific Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Index</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authentication</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Error Continuation Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42000F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Order Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Block Cipher Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420011</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cancellation Result</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420012</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420013</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420014 </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420015 </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420016 </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420017 </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420018</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420019</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001A </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001B </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001C </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42001F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420020</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420021</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contact Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420022</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420023</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420024</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420025</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Criticality Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420026</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CRT Coefficient</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420027</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420028</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Domain Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420029</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Custom Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42002F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420030</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420031</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420032</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420033</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420034</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420035</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420036</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420037</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420038</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420039</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initialization Vector</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003B </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Iteration Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV/Counter/Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">J</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42003F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420040</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Compression Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420041</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420042</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420043</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Part Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420044</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420045</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420046</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Specification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420047</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420048</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420049</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Linked Object Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42004F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Response Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420050</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420051</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modulus</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420052</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420053</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420054</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420055</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420056</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420057</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420058</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420059</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Policy Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005D (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Padding Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42005F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420060</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420061</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Field Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420062</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420063</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420064</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420065</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420066</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420067</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420068</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420069</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Major</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Minor</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42006F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Put Function</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420070</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420071</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420072</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Qlength</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420073</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Function</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420074</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420075</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replaced Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420076</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420077</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420078</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420079</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Status</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42007F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420080</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420081</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason Code</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420082</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Role Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420083</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Salt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420084</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420085</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420086</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420087 </span><span style="font-size:7pt">(deprecated as of version 1.1)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420088</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420089</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Parts</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Threshold</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Status Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42008F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420090</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420091</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Time Stamp</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420092</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Batch Item ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420093</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420094</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420095</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420096</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Total</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420097</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Unit</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420098</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Username</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420099</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Identification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrapping Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42009F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A0</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A2</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A3</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A4</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A5</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Tag</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A6</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A7</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fresh</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A8</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Machine Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200A9</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Media Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AA</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Network Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AB</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group Member</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AC</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AD</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AE</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200AF</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B0</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B2</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B3</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B4</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B5</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B6</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B7</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B8</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200B9</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BA</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Present</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BB</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Original Creation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BC</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BD</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP Key Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BE</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200BF</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C0</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C2</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Signature Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C3</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Data Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C4</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Random IV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C5</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C6</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C7</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C8</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200C9</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Nonce Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CA</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Measurement</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CB</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Assertion</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CC</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CD</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tag Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CE</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fixed Field Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200CF</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Counter Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D0</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Counter Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Invocation Field Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D2</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Capable Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D3</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D4</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Located Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D5</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D6</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Init Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D7</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Final Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D8</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200D9</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DA</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DRBG Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DB</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">FIPS186 Variation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DC</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prediction Resistance</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DD</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Random Number Generator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DE</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200DF</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E0</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority Country</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Authority URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E2</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Version Major</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E3</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Version Minor</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E4</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E5</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Level</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E6</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E7</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Certificate URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E8</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Vendor URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200E9</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validation Profile</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200EA</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200EB</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Profile Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200EC</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200ED</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Port</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200EE</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Streaming Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200EF</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F0</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unwrap Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F2</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Action</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F3</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Shredding Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F4</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F5</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Registration Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F6</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Capability Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F7</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrap Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F8</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Undo Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200F9</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Continue Capability</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FA</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#12 Friendly Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FB</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Description</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FC</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Comment</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FD</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authenticated</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Additional Data</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FE</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authenticated Encryption Tag</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">4200FF</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Salt Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420100</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Mask Generator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420101</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Mask Generator Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420102</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">P Source</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420103</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Trailer Field</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420104</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420105</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420106</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digested Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420107</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject CN</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420108</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject O</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420109</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject OU</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Email</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject C</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject ST</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject L</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject UID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42010F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420110</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Title</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420111</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject DC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420112</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject DN Qualifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420113</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer CN</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420114</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer O</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420115</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer OU</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420116</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Email</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420117</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer C</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420118</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer ST</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420119</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer L</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer UID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Title</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer DC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer DN Qualifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">42011F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sensitive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420120</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Always Sensitive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420121</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extractable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420122</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Never Extractable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420123</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replace Existing</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420124</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">(Reserved)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">420120 – 42FFFF</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">(Unused)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">430000 – 53FFFF</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">540000 – 54FFFF</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2915" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">(Unused)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2939" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">550000 - FFFFFF</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="enumerations">Enumerations</h4>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following tables define the values for enumerated lists. Values not listed (outside the range 80000000 to 8FFFFFFF) are reserved for future KMIP versions.</p>
<h5 id="credential-type-enumeration">Credential Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc9747" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497871" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932916" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128907" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307750" class="anchor"></span>Table 289: Credential Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Credential Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Username and Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="key-compression-type-enumeration">Key Compression Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932917" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128908" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307751" class="anchor"></span>Table 290: Key Compression Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Key Compression Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EC Public Key Type Uncompressed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EC Public Key Type X9.62 Compressed Prime</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EC Public Key Type X9.62 Compressed Char2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EC Public Key Type X9.62 Hybrid</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="key-format-type-enumeration">Key Format Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc9856" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497872" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932918" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128909" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307752" class="anchor"></span>Table 291: Key Format Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Key Format Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Raw</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#8</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECPrivateKey</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent Symmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent DSA Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent DSA Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent RSA Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent RSA Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent DH Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent DH Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECDSA Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECDSA Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECDH Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010 (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECDH Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011 (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECMQV Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012 (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent ECMQV Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013 (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent EC Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent EC Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#12</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="wrapping-method-enumeration">Wrapping Method Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc9911" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497873" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932919" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128910" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307753" class="anchor"></span>Table 292: Wrapping Method Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Wrapping Method</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt then MAC/sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/sign then encrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">TR-31</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="recommended-curve-enumeration">Recommended Curve Enumeration </h5>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt">Recommended curves are defined in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a> <a href="#SEC2"><strong>[SEC2]</strong></a> <a href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a> <a href="#ECC_Brainpool"><strong>[CHACHA]</strong> D. J. Bernstein. ChaCha, a variant of Salsa20.<strong> </strong>https://cr.yp.to/chacha/chacha-20080128.pdf</a></p>
<p style="margin-left:108pt; text-indent:-90pt; margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:2pt"><strong>[ECC-Brainpool]</strong><a href="#RFC5639"><strong>[RFC5639]</strong></a>,</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10020" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497874" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932920" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128911" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307754" class="anchor"></span>Table 293: Recommended Curve Enumeration for ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5947" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Recommended Curve Enumeration</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P-192</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">K-163</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">B-163</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P-224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">K-233</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">B-233</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">K-283</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">B-283</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P-384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">K-409</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">B-409</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">P-521</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">K-571</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">B-571</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP112R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP112R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP128R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP128R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP160K1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP160R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP160R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP192K1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP224K1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECP256K1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000019</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECT113R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000001A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECT113R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000001B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">SECT131R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">0000001C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SECT131R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SECT163R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SECT193R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SECT193R2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000020</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SECT239K1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000021</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9P192V2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000022</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9P192V3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000023</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9P239V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000024</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9P239V2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000025</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9P239V3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000026</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB163V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000027</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB163V2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000028</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB163V3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000029</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB176V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB191V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB191V2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB191V3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB208W1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB239V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB239V2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000030</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB239V3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000031</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB272W1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000032</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB304W1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000033</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB359V1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000034</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2PNB368W1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000035</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSIX9C2TNB431R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000036</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP160R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000037</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP160T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000038</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP192R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000039</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP192T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP224R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP224T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP256R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP256T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP320R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP320T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000040</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP384R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000041</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP384T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000042</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP512R1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000043</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BRAINPOOLP512T1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000044</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="certificate-type-enumeration">Certificate Type Enumeration</h5>
<p>The PGP certificate type is deprecated as of version 1.2 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10051" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497875" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932921" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128912" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307755" class="anchor"></span>Table 294: Certificate Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Certificate Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002 (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="digital-signature-algorithm-enumeration">Digital Signature Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932922" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128913" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307756" class="anchor"></span>Table 295: Digital Signature Algorithm Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Digital Signature Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">MD2 with RSA Encryption</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">(PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MD5 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-1 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-224 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-256 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-384 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-512 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">RSASSA-PSS</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10pt">(PKCS#1 v2.1)</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DSA with SHA-1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DSA with SHA224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DSA with SHA256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA with SHA-1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA with SHA224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA with SHA256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA with SHA384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA with SHA512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-256 with RSA Encryption</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-384 with RSA Encryption</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-512 with RSA Encryption</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="split-key-method-enumeration">Split Key Method Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10088" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497876" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932923" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128914" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307757" class="anchor"></span>Table 296: Split Key Method Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Split Key Method</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XOR</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Polynomial Sharing GF (2<sup>16</sup>)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Polynomial Sharing Prime Field</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Polynomial Sharing GF (2</span><sup>8</sup><span style="font-size:10pt">)</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="secret-data-type-enumeration">Secret Data Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10119" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497877" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932924" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128915" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307758" class="anchor"></span>Table 297: Secret Data Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Secret Data Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Seed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="opaque-data-type-enumeration">Opaque Data Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10138" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497878" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932925" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128916" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307759" class="anchor"></span>Table 298: Opaque Data Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Opaque Data Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="name-type-enumeration">Name Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10169" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497879" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932926" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128917" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307760" class="anchor"></span>Table 299: Name Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Uninterpreted Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="object-type-enumeration">Object Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10242" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497880" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932927" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128918" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307761" class="anchor"></span>Table 300: Object Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006 (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration">Cryptographic Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10333" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497881" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932928" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128919" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307762" class="anchor"></span>Table 301: Cryptographic Algorithm Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Cryptographic Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DES</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">3DES</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">AES</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RSA</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DSA</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDSA</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-MD5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECDH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECMQV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Blowfish</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Camellia</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CAST5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IDEA</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MARS</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RC2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RC4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RC5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SKIPJACK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Twofish</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000019</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">EC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">One Time Pad</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ChaCha20</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Poly1305</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ChaCha20Poly1305</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000020</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000021</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA3-512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000022</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA3-224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000023</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA3-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000024</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA3-384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000025</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC-SHA3-512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000026</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHAKE-128</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000027</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHAKE-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000028</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="block-cipher-mode-enumeration">Block Cipher Mode Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10418" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497882" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932929" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128920" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307763" class="anchor"></span>Table 302: Block Cipher Mode Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Block Cipher Mode</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CBC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ECB</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PCBC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CFB</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">OFB</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CTR</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CMAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CCM</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">GCM</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CBC-MAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XTS</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">AESKeyWrapPadding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NISTKeyWrap</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X9.102 AESKW</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X9.102 TDKW</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X9.102 AKW1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X9.102 AKW2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">AEAD</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="padding-method-enumeration">Padding Method Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10485" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497883" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932930" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128921" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307764" class="anchor"></span>Table 303: Padding Method Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Padding Method</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">None</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">OAEP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SSL3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Zeros</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSI X9.23</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ISO 10126</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS1 v1.5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X9.31</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PSS</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="hashing-algorithm-enumeration">Hashing Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10552" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497884" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932931" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128922" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307765" class="anchor"></span>Table 304: Hashing Algorithm Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Hashing Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MD2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MD4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MD5</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RIPEMD-160</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tiger</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Whirlpool</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-512/224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-512/256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-3-224</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-3-256</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-3-384</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SHA-3-512</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="key-role-type-enumeration">Key Role Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10655" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497885" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932932" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128923" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307766" class="anchor"></span>Table 305: Key Role Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5946" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Role Type</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">BDK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CVK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DEK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKSMC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKSMI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKDAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKDN</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKCP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MKOTH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">KEK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC16609</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97971</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97972</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97973</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97974</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC97975</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ZPK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKIBM</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKPVV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PVKOTH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DUKPT</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">TRKBK</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2976" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note that while the set and definitions of key role types are chosen to match <a href="#TR31"><strong>[X9 TR-31]</strong></a> there is no necessity to match binary representations.</p>
<h5 id="state-enumeration">State Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10710" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497886" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932933" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128924" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307767" class="anchor"></span>Table 306: State Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>State</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Pre-Active</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Active</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromised</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroyed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroyed Compromised</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="revocation-reason-code-enumeration">Revocation Reason Code Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10783" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497887" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932934" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128925" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307768" class="anchor"></span>Table 307: Revocation Reason Code Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Revocation Reason Code</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Compromise</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">CA Compromise</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Affiliation Changed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Superseded</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Cessation of Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Privilege Withdrawn</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="link-type-enumeration">Link Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497888" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932935" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128926" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307769" class="anchor"></span>Table 308: Link Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Link Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000101</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000102</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000103</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Base Object Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000104</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derived Key Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000105</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replacement Object Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000106</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replaced Object Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000107</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Parent Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000108</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Child Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000109</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Previous Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000010A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Next Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000010B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#12 Certificate Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000010C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#12 Password Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000010D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="derivation-method-enumeration">Derivation Method Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10906" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497889" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932936" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128927" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307770" class="anchor"></span>Table 309: Derivation Method Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Derivation Method</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PBKDF2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HASH</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ENCRYPT</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NIST800-108-C</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NIST800-108-F</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NIST800-108-DPI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="certificate-request-type-enumeration">Certificate Request Type Enumeration</h5>
<p>The PGP certificate request type is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the specification.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10943" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497890" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932937" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128928" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307771" class="anchor"></span>Table 310: Certificate Request Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Certificate Request Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CRMF</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PKCS#10</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PEM</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">PGP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004 (deprecated)</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="validity-indicator-enumeration">Validity Indicator Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc10980" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497891" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932938" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128929" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307772" class="anchor"></span>Table 311: Validity Indicator Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Validity Indicator</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Valid</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Invalid</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unknown</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="query-function-enumeration">Query Function Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11017" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497892" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932939" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128930" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307773" class="anchor"></span>Table 312: Query Function Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5945" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Query Function</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Operations</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Objects</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Server Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Application Namespaces</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Extension List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Extension Map</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Attestation Types</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query RNGs</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Validations</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Profiles</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Capabilities</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Client Registration Methods</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="cancellation-result-enumeration">Cancellation Result Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11066" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497893" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932940" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128931" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307774" class="anchor"></span>Table 313: Cancellation Result Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Cancellation Result</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Canceled</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unable to Cancel</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Completed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Failed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unavailable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="put-function-enumeration">Put Function Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11097" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497894" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932941" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128932" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307775" class="anchor"></span>Table 314: Put Function Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Put Function</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">New</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replace</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="operation-enumeration">Operation Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11284" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497895" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932942" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128933" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307776" class="anchor"></span>Table 315: Operation Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Operation</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Register</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derive Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-certify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Locate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Check</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Obtain Lease</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Get Usage Allocation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revoke</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recover</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cancel</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000019</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Poll</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Notify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Put</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Re-key Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Discover Versions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Decrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000020</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000021</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Signature Verify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000022</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000023</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC Verify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000024</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Retrieve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000025</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Seed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000026</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hash</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000027</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Create Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000028</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Join Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000029</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Import</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Export</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="result-status-enumeration">Result Status Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11327" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497896" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932943" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128934" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307777" class="anchor"></span>Table 316: Result Status Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Result Status</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Success</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Failed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Pending</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Undone</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="result-reason-enumeration">Result Reason Enumeration </h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11430" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497897" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932944" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128935" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307778" class="anchor"></span>Table 317: Result Reason Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Result Reason</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Item Not Found</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Too Large</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authentication Not Successful</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Invalid Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Not Supported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Missing Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Invalid Field</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Feature Not Supported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Canceled By Requester</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Failure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Illegal Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Permission Denied</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object archived</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Index Out of Bounds</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Namespace Not Supported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type Not Supported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Compression Type Not Supported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding Option Error</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Not Present</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Required</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attestation Failed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sensitive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not Extractable</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Already Exists</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">General Failure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000100</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration">Batch Error Continuation Option Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11467" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497898" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932945" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128936" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307779" class="anchor"></span>Table 318: Batch Error Continuation Option Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5947" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Batch Error Continuation</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Continue</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Stop</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Undo</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="usage-limits-unit-enumeration">Usage Limits Unit Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932946" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128937" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307780" class="anchor"></span>Table 319: Usage Limits Unit Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5947" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Usage Limits Unit</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="encoding-option-enumeration">Encoding Option Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932947" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128938" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307781" class="anchor"></span>Table 320: Encoding Option Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5947" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Encoding Option</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">No Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">TTLV Encoding</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="object-group-member-enumeration">Object Group Member Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932948" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128939" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307782" class="anchor"></span>Table 321: Object Group Member Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5947" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object Group Member Option</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Group Member Fresh</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Group Member Default</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2966" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2981" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="alternative-name-type-enumeration">Alternative Name Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128940" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307783" class="anchor"></span>Table 322: Alternative Name Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Alternative Name Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Uninterpreted Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Email Address</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DNS Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.500 Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">IP Address</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="key-value-location-type-enumeration">Key Value Location Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128941" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307784" class="anchor"></span>Table 323: Key Value Location Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><strong>Key Value Location Type</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Uninterpreted Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">URI</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="attestation-type-enumeration">Attestation Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128942" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307785" class="anchor"></span>Table 324: Attestation Type Enumeration</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Attestation Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">TPM Quote</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">TCG Integrity Report</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">SAML Assertion</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="rng-algorithm-enumeration">RNG Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>RNG Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">FIPS 186-2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">DRBG</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NRBG</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSI X9.31</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">ANSI X9.62</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note: the user should be aware that a number of these algorithms are no longer recommended for general use and/or are deprecated. They are included for completeness.</p>
<h5 id="drbg-algorithm-enumeration">DRBG Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>DRBG Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Dual-EC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hash</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HMAC</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">CTR</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="fips186-variation-enumeration">FIPS186 Variation Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>FIPS186 Variation</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">GP x-Original</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">GP x-Change Notice</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x-Original</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x-Change Notice</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">k-Original</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">k-Change Notice</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note: the user should be aware that a number of these algorithms are no longer recommended for general use and/or are deprecated. They are included for completeness.</p>
<h5 id="validation-authority-type-enumeration">Validation Authority Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Validation Authority Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">NIST CMVP</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Criteria</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><span id="_Ref409722790" class="anchor"></span></p>
<h5 id="validation-type-enumeration">Validation Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Validation Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hardware</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Software</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Firmware</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hybrid</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;3956&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc240610035&quot;/&gt;</span></p>
<h5 id="profile-name-enumeration">Profile Name Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 13%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Profile Name Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server Basic KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client Basic KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server Basic KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000009</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000000F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000011</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000012</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000013</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000014</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000015</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000016</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000017</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000018</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000019</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000001F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000020</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000021</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000022</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000023</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000024</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000025</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000026</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000027</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000028</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000029</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000002F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000030</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000031</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000032</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000033</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000034</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000035</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000036</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000037</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000038</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000039</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000003F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000040</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000041</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000042</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000043</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000044</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000045</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000046</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000047</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000048</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000049</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Client KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000004F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Client KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000050</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Client KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000051</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Server KMIP v1.0</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000052</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Server KMIP v1.1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000053</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Server KMIP v1.2</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000054</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server Basic KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000055</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000056</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client Basic KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000057</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000058</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server Basic KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000059</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000005F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000060</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000061</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000062</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000063</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000064</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000065</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000066</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000067</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000068</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000069</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000006F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000070</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000071</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000072</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000073</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000074</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000075</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000076</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Client KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000077</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Server KMIP v1.3</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000078</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server Basic KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000079</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client Basic KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Baseline Client TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server Basic KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Complete Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000007F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000080</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000081</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000082</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000083</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000084</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000085</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000086</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000087</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000088</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000089</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">RNG Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008D</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008E</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000008F</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000090</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000091</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000092</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000093</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000094</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000095</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000096</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000097</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000098</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000099</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">JSON Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000009A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Client KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000009B</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XML Server KMIP v1.4</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">0000009C</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="unwrap-mode-enumeration">Unwrap Mode Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Unwrap Mode</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Processed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not Processed</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="destroy-action-enumeration">Destroy Action Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Destroy Action Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material Deleted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material Shredded</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Meta Data Deleted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Meta Data Shredded</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deleted</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000006</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Shredded</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000007</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="shredding-algorithm-enumeration">Shredding Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Shredding Algorithm</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unsupported</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="rng-mode-enumeration">RNG Mode Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>RNG Mode</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Shared Instantiation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:bottom"><span style="font-size:10pt">Non-Shared Instantiation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="client-registration-method-enumeration">Client Registration Method Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Client Registration Method</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unspecified</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Pre-Generated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server On-Demand</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000003</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Generated</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Client Registered</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000005</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="key-wrap-type-enumeration">Key Wrap Type Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Key Wrap Type</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Not Wrapped</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">As Registered</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="mask-generator-enumeration">Mask Generator Enumeration</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Mask Generator</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MGF1</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2971" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">8XXXXXXX</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="bit-masks">Bit Masks</h4>
<h5 id="cryptographic-usage-mask-1">Cryptographic Usage Mask </h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310932949" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128943" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307786" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497899" class="anchor"></span>Table 325: Cryptographic Usage Mask </caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5945" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Cryptographic Usage Mask</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Verify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000004</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Decrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000008</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrap Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000010</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unwrap Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000020</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Export</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000040</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC Generate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000080</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">MAC Verify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000100</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derive Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000200</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Content Commitment</span></p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">(Non Repudiation)</span></p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000400</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Key Agreement</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00000800</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Certificate Sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00001000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">CRL Sign</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00002000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Generate Cryptogram</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00004000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Validate Cryptogram</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00008000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Translate Encrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00010000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Translate Decrypt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00020000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Translate Wrap</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00040000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">Translate Unwrap</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000; font-size:10pt">00080000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2975" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XXX00000</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This list takes into consideration values which MAY appear in the Key Usage extension in an X.509 certificate.</p>
<h5 id="storage-status-mask">Storage Status Mask</h5>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11603" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497900" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932950" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128944" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307787" class="anchor"></span>Table 326: Storage Status Mask</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 31%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="5942" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Storage Status Mask</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Name</strong></span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Value</strong></span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">On-line storage</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archival storage</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">00000002</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2970" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2972" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">XXXXXXX0</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="transport">Transport</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4029&quot; w:name=&quot;_toc11613&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4029&quot;/&gt;</span>KMIP Servers and Clients SHALL establish and maintain channel confidentiality and integrity, and provide assurance of authenticity for KMIP messaging as specified in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>. <span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4030&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997169&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4031&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997170&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4032&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997172&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4033&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997173&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4034&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997174&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4035&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997175&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4036&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997176&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4037&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997177&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4038&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997179&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4039&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997180&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4040&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997181&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4041&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997182&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4042&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997184&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4043&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997185&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4044&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997187&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4045&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997188&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4046&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997189&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4047&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997194&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4048&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997196&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4049&quot; w:name=&quot;_Toc241997207&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4030&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4031&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4032&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4033&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4034&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4035&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4036&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4037&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4038&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4039&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4040&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4041&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4042&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4043&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4044&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4045&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4046&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4047&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4048&quot;/&gt;</span><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4049&quot;/&gt;</span></p>
<h1 id="error-handling">Error Handling</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This section details the specific Result Reasons that SHALL be returned for errors detected.</p>
<h2 id="general">General</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt"><span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkStart w:id=&quot;4078&quot; w:name=&quot;_Ref202252496&quot;/&gt;</span>These errors <span class="pandoc-raw-openxml" data-pandoc-raw-format="openxml">&lt;w:bookmarkEnd w:id=&quot;4078&quot;/&gt;</span>MAY occur when any protocol message is received by the server or client (in response to server-to-client operations).</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11702" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497901" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932951" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128945" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307788" class="anchor"></span>Table 327: General Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 31%" /><col style="width: 33%" /><col style="width: 29%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Action</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Protocol major version mismatch</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Response message containing a header and a Batch Item without Operation, but with the Result Status field set to Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Error parsing batch item or payload within batch item</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Batch item fails; Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The same field is contained in a header/batch item/payload more than once</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Same major version, different minor versions; unknown fields/fields the server does not understand</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Ignore unknown fields, process rest normally</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Same major &amp; minor version, unknown field</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Client is not allowed to perform the specified operation</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Maximum Response Size has been exceeded</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Response Too Large</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Server does not support operation</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Criticality Indicator in a Message Extension structure is set to True, but the server does not understand the extension</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Feature Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message cannot be parsed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Response message containing a header and a Batch Item without Operation, but with the Result Status field set to Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation requires attestation data which was not provided by the client, and the client has set the Attestation Capable indicator to True</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attestation Required</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation requires attestation data which was not provided by the client, and the client has set the Attestation Capable indicator to False</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="2929" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation requires attestation data and the attestation data provided by the client does not validate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="3114" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Result Status is Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2736" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attestation Failed</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="create-1">Create</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11760" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497902" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932952" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128946" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307789" class="anchor"></span>Table 328: Create Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Error creating cryptographic object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="create-key-pair-1">Create Key Pair</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11818" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497903" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932953" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128947" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307790" class="anchor"></span>Table 329: Create Key Pair Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Error creating cryptographic object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">REQUIRED field(s) missing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="register-1">Register</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11877" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497904" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932954" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128948" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307791" class="anchor"></span>Table 330: Register Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type does not match type of cryptographic object provided</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to register a new Template object containing a Name attribute with the Template structure</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to register a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification contains attribute names</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Format Type is PKCS#12, but missing or multiple PKCS#12 Password Links</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p>Key Format Type is PKCS#12, but</p><p>PKCS#12 Password Link does not</p><p>contain the Unique Identifier of a</p><p>Secret Data object or the Secret Data Type is not Password.</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-key-1">Re-key</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc11935" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497905" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932955" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128949" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307792" class="anchor"></span>Table 331: Re-key Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be re-keyed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Offset field is not permitted to be specified at the same time as any of the Activation Date, Process Start Date, Protect Stop Date, or Deactivation Date attributes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during re-key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An offset cannot be used to specify new Process Start, Protect Stop and/or Deactivation Date attribute values since no Activation Date has been specified for the existing key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-key-key-pair-1">Re-key Key Pair</h2>
<table align="center" style="width:466.25pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc310843134" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932956" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128950" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307793" class="anchor"></span>Table 332: Re-key Key Pair Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be re-keyed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Offset field is not permitted to be specified at the same time as any of the Activation Date or Deactivation Date attributes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during re-key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">An offset cannot be used to specify new Process Start, Protect Stop and/or Deactivation Date attribute values since no Activation Date has been specified for the existing key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="derive-key-1">Derive Key</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12038" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497906" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932957" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128951" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307794" class="anchor"></span><span id="Ref_certify%20errors" class="anchor"></span>Table 333: Derive Key Errors-</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 0%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 0%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the objects specified do not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the objects specified are not of the correct type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Derivation Method</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Derivation Parameters</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Ambiguous derivation data provided both with Derivation Data and Secret Data object.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the specified objects are not able to be used to derive a new key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to derive a new key with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the objects is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3687" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The specified length exceeds the output of the derivation method or other cryptographic error during derivation.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="2">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certify-1">Certify</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12096" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497907" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932958" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128952" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307795" class="anchor"></span>Table 334: Certify Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be certified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Certificate Request does not contain a signed certificate request of the specified Certificate Request Type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-certify-1">Re-certify</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12163" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497908" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932959" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128953" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307796" class="anchor"></span>Table 335: Re-certify Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be certified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Certificate Request does not contain a signed certificate request of the specified Certificate Request Type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Offset field is not permitted to be specified at the same time as any of the Activation Date or Deactivation Date attributes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="locate-1">Locate</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12185" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497909" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932960" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128954" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307797" class="anchor"></span>Table 336: Locate Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2625" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3663" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Non-existing attributes, attributes that the server does not understand or templates that do not exist are given in the request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2625" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="check-1">Check</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12216" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497910" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932961" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128955" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307798" class="anchor"></span>Table 337: Check Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object does not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Check cannot be performed on this object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The client is not allowed to use the object according to the specified attributes</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-1">Get</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12310" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497911" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932962" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128956" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307799" class="anchor"></span>Table 338: Get Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object does not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Wrapping key does not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with Encryption Key Information exists, but it is not a key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with Encryption Key Information exists, but it is not able to be used for wrapping</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not a key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not able to be used for MACing/signing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists and is not a Template, but the server only has attributes for this object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters associated with the object do not exist or do not match those provided in the Encryption Key Information and/or Signature Key Information</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Encoding Option</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification contains attribute names</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Wrap Type is not supported by the server.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Not Supported.</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is Sensitive</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Sensitive</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3665" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is not Extractable</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2626" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Not Extractble</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-attributes-1">Get Attributes</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12341" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497912" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932963" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128957" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307800" class="anchor"></span>Table 339: Get Attributes Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The same Attribute Name is present more than once</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-attribute-list-1">Get Attribute List</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12372" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497913" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932964" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128958" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307801" class="anchor"></span>Table 340: Get Attribute List Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3720" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2681" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="add-attribute-1">Add Attribute</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12439" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497914" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932965" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128959" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307802" class="anchor"></span>Table 341: Add Attribute Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attempt to add a read-only attribute</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attempt to add an attribute that is not supported for this object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The specified attribute already exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">New attribute contains Attribute Index</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to add a Name attribute with the same value that another object already has</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to add a new instance to an attribute with multiple instances but the server limit on instances has been reached</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2689" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="modify-attribute-1">Modify Attribute</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12506" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497915" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932966" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128960" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307803" class="anchor"></span>Table 342: Modify Attribute Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">A specified attribute does not exist (i.e., it needs to first be added)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No matching attribute instance exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The specified attribute is read-only</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set the Name attribute value to a value already used by another object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3708" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2670" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="delete-attribute-1">Delete Attribute</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12564" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497916" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932967" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128961" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307804" class="anchor"></span>Table 343: Delete Attribute Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Attempt to delete a read-only/REQUIRED attribute</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No matching attribute instance exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No attribute with the specified name exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3721" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2683" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="obtain-lease-1">Obtain Lease</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12604" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497917" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932968" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128962" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307805" class="anchor"></span>Table 344: Obtain Lease Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3734" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2695" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3734" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2695" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3734" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The server determines that a new lease is not permitted to be issued for the specified cryptographic object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2695" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3734" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2695" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-usage-allocation-1">Get Usage Allocation</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12671" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497918" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932969" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128963" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307806" class="anchor"></span>Table 345: Get Usage Allocation Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object has no Usage Limits attribute, or the object is not able to be used for applying cryptographic protection</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No Usage Limits Count is specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3730" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The server was not able to grant the requested amount of usage allocation</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2691" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="activate-1">Activate</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12721" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497919" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932970" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128964" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307807" class="anchor"></span>Table 346: Activate Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier specifies a template or other object that is not able to be activated</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is not in Pre-Active state</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="revoke-1">Revoke</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12770" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497920" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932971" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128965" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307808" class="anchor"></span>Table 347: Revoke Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Revocation Reason is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique Identifier specifies a template or other object that is not able to be revoked</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3716" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2677" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="destroy-1">Destroy</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12819" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497921" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932972" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128966" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307809" class="anchor"></span>Table 348: Destroy Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists, but has already been destroyed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is not in Pre-Active, Deactivated or Compromised state</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="archive-1">Archive</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12850" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497922" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932973" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128967" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307810" class="anchor"></span>Table 349: Archive Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3725" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is already archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2686" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="recover-1">Recover</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12872" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497923" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932974" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128968" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307811" class="anchor"></span>Table 350: Recover Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3714" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2675" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="validate-1">Validate</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12903" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497924" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932975" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128969" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307812" class="anchor"></span>Table 351: Validate Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3692" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2653" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3692" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The combination of Certificate Objects and Unique Identifiers does not specify a certificate list</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2653" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Message</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3692" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the objects is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2653" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="query-2">Query</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">N/A</p>
<h2 id="discover-versions-1"> Discover Versions</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">N/A</p>
<h2 id="cancel-1">Cancel</h2>
<p>N/A</p>
<h2 id="poll-1"> Poll</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_toc12931" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc236497925" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932976" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128970" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307813" class="anchor"></span>Table 352: Poll Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Asynchronous Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="encrypt-1">Encrypt</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128971" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307814" class="anchor"></span>Table 353: Encrypt Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for encryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during encryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="decrypt-1">Decrypt</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128972" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307815" class="anchor"></span>Table 354: Decrypt Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for decryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during decryption</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sign-1">Sign</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128973" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307816" class="anchor"></span>Table 355: Sign Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for signing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during signing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="signature-verify-1">Signature Verify</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128974" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307817" class="anchor"></span>Table 356: Signature Verify Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for signature verification</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during signature verification</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="mac-1">MAC</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128975" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307818" class="anchor"></span>Table 357: MAC Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for MACing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during MACing</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="mac-verify-1">MAC Verify</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128976" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307819" class="anchor"></span>Table 358: MAC Verify Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object specified is not able to be used for MAC verification</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during MAC verification</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The Key Value is not present on the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Value Not Present</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="rng-retrieve-1">RNG Retrieve</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128977" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307820" class="anchor"></span>Table 359: RNG Retrieve Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during RNG Retrieve</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="rng-seed-1">RNG Seed</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128978" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307821" class="anchor"></span>Table 360: RNG Seed Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during RNG Seed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="hash-1">HASH</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128979" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307822" class="anchor"></span>Table 361: HASH Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 40%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic error during HASH</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2703" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="create-split-key-1">Create Split Key</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128980" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307823" class="anchor"></span>Table 362: Create Split Key Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Error creating cryptographic object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key Method not supported</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="join-split-key-1">Join Split Key</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128981" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307824" class="anchor"></span>Table 363: Join Split Key Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Templates that do not exist are given in request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Error creating cryptographic object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Template object is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Number of Unique Identifiers given in request is less than Split Key Threshold</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Failure?</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Split Key Method not supported</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3693" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">One or more of the objects is archived</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2655" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Archived</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="export-1">Export</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Action</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object does not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Wrapping key does not exist</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Object with Encryption Key Information</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">exists, but it is not a key</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with Encryption Key Information exists, but it is not able to be used for wrapping</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not a key</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Illegal Operation</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not able to</p><p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">be used for MACing/signing</p></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Permission Denied</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Parameters associated with the object do not exist or do not match those provided in the Encryption Key Information and/or Signature Key Information</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Item Not Found</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Encoding Option</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification contains attribute names</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Wrap Type is not supported by the server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Not Supported</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><span id="_Toc476128982" class="anchor"></span>Table <span class="docx-field" data-docx-field-instruction="SEQ Table \* ARABIC">364</span>: Export Errors</p>
<h2 id="import-1">Import</h2>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc476128983" class="anchor"></span>Table 365: Import Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Status</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Unique identifier already exists on the server and Replace Existing is false or not specified.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Already Exists</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type is not recognized</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Object Type does not match type of cryptographic object provided</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to register a new object with the same Name attribute value as an existing object</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Index Out of Bounds</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client request</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Application Namespace Not Supported</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification contains attribute names</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Encoding Option Error</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3701" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Field is not supported by server</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Operation Failed</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2662" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Invalid Field</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="batch-items">Batch Items</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">These errors MAY occur when a protocol message with one or more batch items is processed by the server. If a message with one or more batch items was parsed correctly, then the response message SHOULD include response(s) to the batch item(s) in the request according to the table below.</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497926" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932977" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128984" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307825" class="anchor"></span>Table 366: Batch Items Errors</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 39%" /><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 28%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Error Definition</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Action</strong></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Processing of batch item fails with Batch Error Continuation Option set to Stop</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Batch item fails and Result Status is set to Operation Failed. Responses to batch items that have already been processed are returned normally. Responses to batch items that have not been processed are not returned.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">See tables above, referring to the operation being performed in the batch item that failed</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Processing of batch item fails with Batch Error Continuation Option set to Continue</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Batch item fails and Result Status is set to Operation Failed. Responses to other batch items are returned normally.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">See tables above, referring to the operation being performed in the batch item that failed</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3722" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Processing of batch item fails with Batch Error Continuation Option set to Undo</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2880" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Batch item fails and Result Status is set to Operation Failed. Batch items that had been processed have been undone and their responses are returned with Undone result status.</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2684" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">See tables above, referring to the operation being performed in the batch item that failed</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="kmip-server-and-client-implementation-conformance">KMIP Server and Client Implementation Conformance</h1>
<h2 id="kmip-server-implementation-conformance">KMIP Server Implementation Conformance </h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An implementation is a conforming KMIP Server if the implementation meets the conditions specified in one or more server profiles specified in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A KMIP server implementation SHALL be a conforming KMIP Server.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If a KMIP server implementation claims support for a particular server profile, then the implementation SHALL conform to all normative statements within the clauses specified for that profile and for any subclauses to each of those clauses.</p>
<h2 id="kmip-client-implementation-conformance">KMIP Client Implementation Conformance</h2>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">An implementation is a conforming KMIP Client if the implementation meets the conditions specified in one or more client profiles specified in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">A KMIP client implementation SHALL be a conforming KMIP Client.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">If a KMIP client implementation claims support for a particular client profile, then the implementation SHALL conform to all normative statements within the clauses specified for that profile and for any subclauses to each of those clauses.</p>
<h1 id="acknowledgments" class="AppendixHeading1">Acknowledgments</h1>
<p>The following individuals have participated in the creation of this specification and are gratefully acknowledged:</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">Participants:</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Anthony Berglas, Cryptsoft</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Justin Corlett, Cryptsoft</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Tony Cox, Cryptsoft</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Tim Hudson, Cryptsoft</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Bruce Rich, Cryptsoft</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Greg Scott, Cryptsoft</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Magda Zdunkiewicz, Cryptsoft</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Judith Furlong, Dell</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Michael Phillips, Dell</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Lina Baquero, Fornetix</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Jeff Bartell, Fornetix</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Stephen Edwards, Fornetix</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Gary Gardner, Fornetix</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Heather Stevens, Fornetix</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Gerald Stueve, Fornetix</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Charles White, Fornetix</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Alex Downey, Futurex</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Hannah Lee, Hancom Secure, Inc.</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Indra Fitzgerald, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Christopher Hillier, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Matt Suh, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Nathan Turajski, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Steve Wierenga, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Rinkesh Bansal, IBM</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Mathias Bjorkqvist, IBM</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Kevin Driver, IBM</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Prashant Mestri, IBM</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Krishna Yellepeddy, IBM</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Andre Bereza, KRYPTUS</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Tim Chevalier, NetApp</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Hai-May Chao, Oracle</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Valerie Fenwick, Oracle</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Susan Gleeson, Oracle</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Hal Lockhart, Oracle</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Saikat Saha, Oracle</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Radhika Siravara, Oracle</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Mark Joseph, P6R, Inc</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Jim Susoy, P6R, Inc</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">John Leiseboer, QuintessenceLabs Pty Ltd.</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">David Featherstone, SafeNet, Inc.</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Joseph Brand, Semper Fortis Solutions</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Chris Skiscim, Semper Fortis Solutions</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Kathy Kriese, Symantec Corp.</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Robert Lockhart, Thales e-Security</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Steve He, Vormetric, Inc.</p>
<p style="margin-left:36pt; margin-bottom:4pt">Peter Tsai, Vormetric, Inc.</p>
<p style="margin-left:0pt; margin-bottom:4pt; text-indent:36pt">Joshua Zhu, Vormetric, Inc.</p>
<h1 id="attribute-cross-reference" class="AppendixHeading1">Attribute Cross-Reference</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following table of Attribute names indicates the Managed Object(s) for which each attribute applies. This table is not normative.</p>
<table style="width:419.75pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497927" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932978" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128985" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307826" class="anchor"></span>Table 367: Attribute Cross-reference</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 44%" /><col style="width: 4%" /><col style="width: 5%" /><col style="width: 5%" /><col style="width: 4%" /><col style="width: 4%" /><col style="width: 4%" /><col style="width: 4%" /><col style="width: 5%" /><col style="width: 5%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-vmerge="restart" data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Attribute Name</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="4243" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="9" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Managed Object</strong></span></th></tr>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Certificate</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Symmetric Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Public Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Private Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Split Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Template</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Secret Data</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Opaque Object</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>PGP Key</strong></span></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Domain Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Policy Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">State</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fresh</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Specific Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contact Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Custom Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Present</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value Location</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="4152" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Original Creation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="458" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="467" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="459" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="475" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="540" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">x</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="tag-cross-reference" class="AppendixHeading1">Tag Cross-Reference</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">This table is not normative.</p>
<table style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497928" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932979" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128986" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307827" class="anchor"></span>Table 368: Tag Cross-reference</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 35%" /><col style="width: 23%" /><col style="width: 18%" /><col style="width: 23%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Object</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Defined</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Type</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt"><strong>Notes</strong></span></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Activation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#activation-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.24</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#application-specific-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Namespace</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#application-specific-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Application Specific Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#application-specific-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.36</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Archive Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#archive-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.32</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Correlation Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Asynchronous Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#asynchronous-indicator"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Index</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Attribute Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">*</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">type varies</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Authentication</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#authentication"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#batch-count"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Error Continuation Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.13</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.30</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Item</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#batch-item"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.15</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Batch Order Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#batch-order-option"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.12</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Block Cipher Mode</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#block-cipher-mode-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cancellation Result</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cancel"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.27</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#cancellation-result-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.25</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-issuer"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.15</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-issuer"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.15</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certify"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#re-certify"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Request Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certify"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#re-certify"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.8</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.22</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.14</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.1</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#certificate-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.8</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt"> , </span><a href="#certificate-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Certificate Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Common Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Occurrence Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.29</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Compromise Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#compromise-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.30</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Contact Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#contact-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.37</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#credential-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Credential Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">*</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">type varies</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Criticality Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">CRT Coefficient</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Length</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Cryptographic Usage Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.19</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask-1"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Bit mask</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Custom Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#custom-attribute"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.39</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">*</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">type varies</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">D</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deactivation Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#deactivation-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.27</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#derivation-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Derivation Parameters</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Destroy Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#destroy-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.28</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Device Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#digest"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.17</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digest Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#digest"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.17</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Digital Signature Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encoding Option</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#key-wrapping-specification"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#encoding-option-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.32</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Encryption Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Tag</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extension Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#extension-information"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Extensions</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#defined-values"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Fresh</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#fresh"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.34</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Boolean</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">G</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Hashing Algorithm</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#digest"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.17</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initial Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#initial-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Initialization Vector</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.12</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Issuer Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.12</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Iteration Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">IV/Counter/Nonce</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">J</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Block</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-block"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Compression Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Format Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Material</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String / Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Part Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Role Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#key-role-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.17</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-value"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String / Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Key Wrapping Specification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-specification"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Last Change Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#last-change-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.38</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Lease Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#lease-time"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Interval</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Link Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#link-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.20</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Linked Object Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#link"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.35</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">MAC/Signature Key Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Machine Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Items</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#locate"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Maximum Response Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#maximum-response-size"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Media Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Message Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Modulus</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#name-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Name Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Network Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#object-group"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.33</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Group Member</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#locate"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Object Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#object-type"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.3</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#object-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.12</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Offset</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#re-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#re-certify"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Interval</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.8</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#opaque-data-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.10</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Data Value</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Opaque Object</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#opaque-object"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#operation"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.2</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#operation-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.27</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Operation Policy Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#operation-policy-name"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.18</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Password</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Padding Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.6</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#padding-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.15</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent P</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Exponent Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prime Field Size</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#private-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Private Key Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#create-key-pair"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Process Start Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#process-start-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.25</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protect Stop Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#protect-stop-date"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.26</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Major</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Protocol Version Minor</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#protocol-version"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Exponent</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#public-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.3</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Public Key Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#create-key-pair"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Put Function</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#put"><span style="font-size:10pt">5.2</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#put-function-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.26</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Q String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Qlength</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Query Function</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#query"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.25</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#query-function-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.24</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Recommended Curve</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Replaced Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#put"><span style="font-size:10pt">5.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#message-structure"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Request Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#client-to-server-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#server-to-client-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">5</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Header</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#message-structure"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Response Payload</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#client-to-server-operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">4</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#operations"><span style="font-size:10pt">7.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#result-message"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#result-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.10</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#result-reason-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.29</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Result Status</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#result-status"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.9</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#result-status-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.28</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Message</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Revocation Reason Code</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#revocation-reason"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.31</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#revocation-reason-code-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.19</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Salt</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#derive-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#secret-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Secret Data Type</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#secret-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.7</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#secret-data-type-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Serial Number</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.13</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">deprecated as of version 1.1</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Server Information</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#query"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.25</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">contents vendor-specific</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#split-key-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Parts</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Split Key Threshold</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#split-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">State</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#state"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.22</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#state-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.18</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Storage Status Mask</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#locate"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.9</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#storage-status-mask"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.3.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Bit mask</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Subject Alternative Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Subject Distinguished Name</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Symmetric Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#symmetric-key"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#template"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.2.6</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Template-Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#template-attribute-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.8</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Time Stamp</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#time-stamp"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.5</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Transparent*</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#unique-identifier"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.1</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Unique Batch Item ID</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#unique-batch-item-id"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Byte String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Username</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#credential"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.2</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Count</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Long Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Total</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Long Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Usage Limits Unit</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#usage-limits"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.21</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Date</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#validate"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.24</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Date-Time</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Validity Indicator</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#validate"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.24</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.23</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Extension</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">contents vendor-specific</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Vendor Identification</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#query"><span style="font-size:10pt">4.25</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#message-extension"><span style="font-size:10pt">6.16</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Text String</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Wrapping Method</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#key-wrapping-data"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.5</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt">, </span><a href="#wrapping-method-enumeration"><span style="font-size:10pt">9.1.3.2.4</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Enumeration</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">X</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Identifier</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#certificate-length"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.9</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Issuer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.12</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">X.509 Certificate Subject</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject"><span style="font-size:10pt">3.11</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="font-size:10pt">Structure</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="3277" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2159" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><a href="#transparent-key-structures"><span style="font-size:10pt">2.1.7</span></a></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1717" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:10pt">Big Integer</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="2175" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="vertical-align:middle"></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="operations-and-object-cross-reference" class="AppendixHeading1">Operations and Object Cross-Reference</h1>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:6pt">The following table indicates the types of Managed Object(s) that each Operation accepts as input or provides as output. This table is not normative.</p>
<table style="width:477.9pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; border-color:#000000">
<caption><span id="_Toc236497929" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc310932980" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc476128987" class="anchor"></span><span id="_Toc467307828" class="anchor"></span>Table 369: Operation and Object Cross-reference</caption>
<colgroup><col style="width: 18%" /><col style="width: 8%" /><col style="width: 8%" /><col style="width: 7%" /><col style="width: 7%" /><col style="width: 8%" /><col style="width: 7%" /><col style="width: 7%" /><col style="width: 8%" /><col style="width: 15%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-vmerge="restart" data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Operation</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="7830" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" colspan="9" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Managed Objects</strong></span></th></tr>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Certificate</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Symmetric Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Public Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Private Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Split Key</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Template</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Secret Data</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Opaque Object</strong></span></th><th data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>PGP Key</strong></span></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Create</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Create Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Register</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Re-key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Re-key Key Pair</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Derive Key</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certify</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Re-certify</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Locate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Check</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Get</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Get Attributes</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Get Attribute List</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Add Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Modify Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Delete Attribute</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Obtain Lease</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Get Usage Allocation</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Activate</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Revoke</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Destroy</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Archive</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Recover</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Y</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Validate</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Query</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cancel</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Poll</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">Notify</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Put</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Y</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1728" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Discover Versions</td><td data-docx-cell-width="849" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="742" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="850" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">N/A</td><td data-docx-cell-width="1463" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa"><span style="color:#000000">N/A</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="acronyms" class="AppendixHeading1">Acronyms</h1>
<p>The following abbreviations and acronyms are used in this document:</p>
<table align="center" style="border-style:solid; border-width:0.25pt; border-color:#000000">
<colgroup><col style="width: 12%" /><col style="width: 87%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Item</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><strong>Description</strong></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">3DES</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Triple Data Encryption Standard specified in ANSI X9.52</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">AES</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Advanced Encryption Standard specified in <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>FIPS 197</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ASN.1</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Abstract Syntax Notation One specified in ITU-T X.680</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">BDK</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Base Derivation Key specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certification Authority</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CBC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cipher Block Chaining</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CCM</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Counter with CBC-MAC specified in <a href="#SP800_38C"><strong>[SP800-38C]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CFB</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cipher Feedback specified in <a href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CMAC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cipher-based MAC specified in <a href="#SP800_38B"><strong>[SP800-38B]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CMC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate Management Messages over CMS specified in <a href="#RFC5272"><strong>[RFC5272]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CMP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate Management Protocol specified in <a href="#RFC4210"><strong>[RFC4210]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CPU</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Central Processing Unit</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CRL</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate Revocation List specified in <a href="#RFC5280"><strong>[RFC5280]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CRMF</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certificate Request Message Format specified in <a href="#RFC4211"><strong>[RFC4211]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CRT</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Chinese Remainder Theorem</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CTR</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Counter specified in <a href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">CVK</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Card Verification Key specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DEK</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data Encryption Key</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DER</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Distinguished Encoding Rules specified in ITU-T X.690</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DES</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Data Encryption Standard specified in FIPS 46-3</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DH</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Diffie-Hellman specified in ANSI X9.42</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DNS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Domain Name Server</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DSA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Digital Signature Algorithm specified in FIPS 186-3</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">DSKPP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Dynamic Symmetric Key Provisioning Protocol</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ECB</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Electronic Code Book</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ECDH</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman specified in <a href="#X9_63"><strong>[X9.63]</strong></a><a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ECDSA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm specified in <a href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ECMQV</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Elliptic Curve Menezes Qu Vanstone specified in <a href="#X9_63"><strong>[X9.63]</strong></a><a href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">FFC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Finite Field Cryptography</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">FIPS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Federal Information Processing Standard</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">GCM</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Galois/Counter Mode specified in <a href="#SP800_38D"><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">GF</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Galois field (or finite field)</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">HMAC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code specified in <a href="#FIPS198_1"><strong>[FIPS198-1]</strong></a><a href="#RFC2104"><strong>[RFC2104]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">HTTP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Hyper Text Transfer Protocol</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">HTTP(S)</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (Secure socket)</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IEEE</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IETF</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Internet Engineering Task Force</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Internet Protocol</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IPsec</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Internet Protocol Security</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">IV</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Initialization Vector</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">KEK</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Encryption Key</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">KMIP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Key Management Interoperability Protocol</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MAC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message Authentication Code</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKAC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Application Cryptograms specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKCP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Card Personalization specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKDAC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Data Authentication Code specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKDN</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Dynamic Numbers specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKOTH</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Other specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKSMC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Confidentiality specified in X9 TR-31</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MKSMI</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Integrity specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MD2</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message Digest 2 Algorithm specified in <strong>[RFC1319]</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MD4</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message Digest 4 Algorithm specified in <a href="#RFC1320"><strong>[RFC1320]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">MD5</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Message Digest 5 Algorithm specified in <a href="#RFC1321"><strong>[RFC1321]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">NIST</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">National Institute of Standards and Technology</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">OAEP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Optimal Asymmetric Encryption Padding specified in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">OFB</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Output Feedback specified in <a href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PBKDF2</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2 specified in <a href="#RFC2898"><strong>[RFC2898]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PCBC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Propagating Cipher Block Chaining</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PEM</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Privacy Enhanced Mail specified in <a href="#RFC1421"><strong>[RFC1421]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PGP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">OpenPGP specified in <a href="#RFC4880"><strong>[RFC4880]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public-Key Cryptography Standards</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#1</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA Cryptography Specification Version 2.1 specified in <a href="#RFC3447"><strong>[RFC3447]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#5</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Password-Based Cryptography Specification Version 2 specified in <a href="#RFC2898"><strong>[RFC2898]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#8</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Private-Key Information Syntax Specification Version 1.2 specified in <strong>[RFC5208]</strong> <strong>[RFC5958]</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#10</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Certification Request Syntax Specification Version 1.7 specified in <a href="#RFC2986"><strong>[RFC2986]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#11</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Cryptographic Token Interface Standard</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PKCS#12</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Personal Information Exchange Syntax</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">POSIX</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Portable Operating System Interface</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RFC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Request for Comments documents of IETF</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RSA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Rivest, Shamir, Adelman (an algorithm)</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">RNG</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Random Number Generator</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">SCEP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">SCVP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Server-based Certificate Validation Protocol</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">SHA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Secure Hash Algorithm specified in FIPS 180-2</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">SP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Special Publication</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">SSL/TLS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">S/MIME</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">TDEA</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">see 3DES</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">TCP</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Transport Control Protocol</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">TTLV</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Tag, Type, Length, Value</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">URI</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Uniform Resource Identifier</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">UTC</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Coordinated Universal Time</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">UTF-8</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Universal Transformation Format 8-bit specified in <a href="#RFC3629"><strong>[RFC3629]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">XKMS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">XML Key Management Specification</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">XML</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Extensible Markup Language</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">XTS</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">XEX Tweakable Block Cipher with Ciphertext Stealing specified in <a href="#SP800_38E"><strong>[SP800-38E]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">X.509</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">Public Key Certificate specified in <a href="#RFC5280"><strong>[RFC5280]</strong></a></td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1170" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">ZPK</td><td data-docx-cell-width="8261" data-docx-cell-width-type="dxa">PIN Block Encryption Key specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="list-of-figures-and-tables" class="AppendixHeading1">List of Figures and Tables</h1>
<p><a href="#state"><span style="color:#0000EE">Figure 1: Cryptographic Object States and Transitions</span></a> <a href="#_Toc374104146">63</a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><span class="docx-field docx-field-toc docx-generated-field docx-generated-field-toc docx-field-hyperlink docx-field-hide-web-layout" data-docx-field="toc" data-docx-field-instruction="TOC \h \z \c &quot;Table&quot;" data-docx-generated-field-type="table-of-contents" data-docx-field-hyperlink="true" data-docx-field-hide-web-layout="true" data-docx-field-sequence="Table" data-docx-field-target="#_Toc476128619"><a href="#_Toc476128619"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 1: Terminology</span> 14</a></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128620"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 2: Attribute Object Structure</span> <span>19</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128621"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 3: Credential Object Structure</span> <span>20</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128622"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 4: Credential Value Structure for the Username and Password Credential</span> <span>20</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128623"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 5: Credential Value Structure for the Device Credential</span> <span>20</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128624"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 6: Credential Value Structure for the Attestation Credential</span> <span>21</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128625"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 7: Key Block Object Structure</span> <span>22</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128626"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 8: Key Value Object Structure</span> <span>23</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128627"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 9: Key Wrapping Data Object Structure</span> <span>24</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128628"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 10: Encryption Key Information Object Structure</span> <span>24</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128629"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 11: MAC/Signature Key Information Object Structure</span> <span>25</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128630"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 12: Key Wrapping Specification Object Structure</span> <span>26</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128631"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 13: Parameter mapping.</span> <span>27</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128632"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 14: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent Symmetric Keys</span> <span>27</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128633"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 15: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DSA Private Keys</span> <span>28</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128634"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 16: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DSA Public Keys</span> <span>28</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128635"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 17: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent RSA Private Keys</span> <span>28</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128636"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 18: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent RSA Public Keys</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128637"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 19: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DH Private Keys</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128638"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 20: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DH Public Keys</span> <span>29</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128639"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 21: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDSA Private Keys</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128640"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 22: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDSA Public Keys</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128641"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 23: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDH Private Keys</span> <span>30</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128642"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 24: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDH Public Keys</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128643"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 25: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECMQV Private Keys</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128644"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 26: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECMQV Public Keys</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128645"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 27: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent EC Private Keys</span> <span>31</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128646"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 28: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent EC Public Keys</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128647"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 29: Template-Attribute Object Structure</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128648"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 30: Extension Information Structure</span> <span>32</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128649"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 31: Data Structure</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128650"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 32: Data Length Structure</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128651"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 33: Signature Data Structure</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128652"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 34: MAC Data Structure</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128653"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 35: Nonce Structure</span> <span>33</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128654"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 36: Correlation Value Structure</span> <span>34</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128655"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 37: Init Indicator Structure</span> <span>34</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128656"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 38: Final Indicator Structure</span> <span>34</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128657"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 39: RNG Parameters Structure</span> <span>35</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128658"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 40: Profile Information Structure</span> <span>35</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128659"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 41: Validation Information Structure</span> <span>36</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128660"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 42: Capability Information Structure</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128661"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 43 Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128662"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 44 Authenticated Encryption Tag</span> <span>37</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128663"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 45: Certificate Object Structure</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128664"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 46: Symmetric Key Object Structure</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128665"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 47: Public Key Object Structure</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128666"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 48: Private Key Object Structure</span> <span>38</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128667"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 49: Split Key Object Structure</span> <span>39</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128668"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 50: Template Object Structure</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128669"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 51: Secret Data Object Structure</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128670"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 52: Opaque Object Structure</span> <span>40</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128671"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 53: PGP Key Object Structure</span> <span>41</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128672"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 54: Attribute Rules</span> <span>43</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128673"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 55: Unique Identifier Attribute</span> <span>43</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128674"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 56: Unique Identifier Attribute Rules</span> <span>44</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128675"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 57: Name Attribute Structure</span> <span>44</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128676"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 58: Name Attribute Rules</span> <span>44</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128677"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 59: Object Type Attribute</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128678"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 60: Object Type Attribute Rules</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128679"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 61: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128680"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 62: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute Rules</span> <span>45</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128681"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 63: Cryptographic Length Attribute</span> <span>46</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128682"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 64: Cryptographic Length Attribute Rules</span> <span>46</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128683"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 65: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute Structure</span> <span>47</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128684"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 66: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute Rules</span> <span>48</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128685"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 67: Key Role Types</span> <span>48</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128686"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 68: Cryptographic Domain Parameters Attribute Structure</span> <span>49</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128687"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 69: Cryptographic Domain Parameters Attribute Rules</span> <span>49</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128688"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 70: Certificate Type Attribute</span> <span>49</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128689"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 71: Certificate Type Attribute Rules</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128690"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 72: Certificate Length Attribute</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128691"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 73: Certificate Length Attribute Rules</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128692"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 74: X.509 Certificate Identifier Attribute Structure</span> <span>50</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128693"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 75: X.509 Certificate Identifier Attribute Rules</span> <span>51</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128694"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 76: X.509 Certificate Subject Attribute Structure</span> <span>51</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128695"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 77: X.509 Certificate Subject Attribute Rules</span> <span>51</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128696"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 78: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute Structure</span> <span>52</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128697"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 79: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules</span> <span>52</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128698"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 80: Certificate Identifier Attribute Structure</span> <span>52</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128699"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 81: Certificate Identifier Attribute Rules</span> <span>53</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128700"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 82: Certificate Subject Attribute Structure</span> <span>53</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128701"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 83: Certificate Subject Attribute Rules</span> <span>53</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128702"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 84: Certificate Issuer Attribute Structure</span> <span>54</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128703"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 85: Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules</span> <span>54</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128704"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 86: Digital Signature Algorithm Attribute</span> <span>54</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128705"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 87: Digital Signature Algorithm Attribute Rules</span> <span>55</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128706"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 88: Digest Attribute Structure</span> <span>55</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128707"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 89: Digest Attribute Rules</span> <span>56</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128708"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 90: Operation Policy Name Attribute</span> <span>56</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128709"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 91: Operation Policy Name Attribute Rules</span> <span>57</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128710"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 92: Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</span> <span>58</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128711"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 93: Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</span> <span>59</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128712"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 94: Default Operation Policy for Private Template Objects</span> <span>59</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128713"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 95: Default Operation Policy for Public Template Objects</span> <span>60</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128714"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 96: X.509 Key Usage to Cryptographic Usage Mask Mapping</span> <span>61</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128715"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 97: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute</span> <span>61</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128716"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 98: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute Rules</span> <span>61</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128717"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 99: Lease Time Attribute</span> <span>62</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128718"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 100: Lease Time Attribute Rules</span> <span>62</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128719"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 101: Usage Limits Attribute Structure</span> <span>62</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128720"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 102: Usage Limits Attribute Rules</span> <span>63</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128721"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 103: State Attribute</span> <span>64</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128722"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 104: State Attribute Rules</span> <span>65</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128723"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 105: Initial Date Attribute</span> <span>65</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128724"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 106: Initial Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>65</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128725"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 107: Activation Date Attribute</span> <span>66</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128726"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 108: Activation Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>66</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128727"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 109: Process Start Date Attribute</span> <span>66</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128728"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 110: Process Start Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>67</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128729"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 111: Protect Stop Date Attribute</span> <span>67</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128730"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 112: Protect Stop Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>67</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128731"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 113: Deactivation Date Attribute</span> <span>68</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128732"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 114: Deactivation Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>68</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128733"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 115: Destroy Date Attribute</span> <span>68</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128734"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 116: Destroy Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128735"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 117: Compromise Occurrence Date Attribute</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128736"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 118: Compromise Occurrence Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128737"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 119: Compromise Date Attribute</span> <span>69</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128738"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 120: Compromise Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128739"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 121: Revocation Reason Attribute Structure</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128740"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 122: Revocation Reason Attribute Rules</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128741"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 123: Archive Date Attribute</span> <span>70</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128742"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 124: Archive Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128743"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 125: Object Group Attribute</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128744"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 126: Object Group Attribute Rules</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128745"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 127: Fresh Attribute</span> <span>71</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128746"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 128: Fresh Attribute Rules</span> <span>72</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128747"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 129: Link Attribute Structure</span> <span>73</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128748"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 130: Link Attribute Structure Rules</span> <span>73</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128749"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 131: Application Specific Information Attribute</span> <span>73</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128750"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 132: Application Specific Information Attribute Rules</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128751"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 133: Contact Information Attribute</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128752"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 134: Contact Information Attribute Rules</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128753"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 135: Last Change Date Attribute</span> <span>74</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128754"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 136: Last Change Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>75</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128755"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 137 Custom Attribute</span> <span>75</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128756"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 138: Custom Attribute Rules</span> <span>75</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128757"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 139: Alternative Name Attribute Structure</span> <span>76</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128758"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 140: Alternative Name Attribute Rules</span> <span>76</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128759"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 141: Key Value Present Attribute</span> <span>76</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128760"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 142: Key Value Present Attribute Rules</span> <span>77</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128761"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 143: Key Value Location Attribute</span> <span>77</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128762"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 144: Key Value Location Attribute Rules</span> <span>77</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128763"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 145: Original Creation Date Attribute</span> <span>78</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128764"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 146: Original Creation Date Attribute Rules</span> <span>78</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128765"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 147: Random Number Generator Attribute</span> <span>78</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128766"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 148: Random Number Generator Attribute Rules</span> <span>79</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128767"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 149: PKCS#12 Friendly Name Attribute</span> <span>79</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128768"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 150: Friendly Name Attribute Rules</span> <span>79</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128769"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 151: Description Attribute</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128770"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 152: Description Attribute Rules</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128771"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 153: Comment Attribute</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128772"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 154: Comment Rules</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128773"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 155: Sensitive Attribute</span> <span>80</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128774"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 156: Sensitive Attribute Rules</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128775"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 157: Always Sensitive Attribute</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128776"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 158: Always Sensitive Attribute Rules</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128777"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 159: Extractable Attribute</span> <span>81</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128778"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 160: Extractable Attribute Rules</span> <span>82</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128779"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 161: Never Extractable Attribute</span> <span>82</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128780"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 162: Never Extractable Attribute Rules</span> <span>82</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128781"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 163: Create Request Payload</span> <span>84</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128782"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 164: Create Response Payload</span> <span>85</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128783"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 165: Create Attribute Requirements</span> <span>85</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128784"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 166: Create Key Pair Request Payload</span> <span>86</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128785"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 167: Create Key Pair Response Payload</span> <span>87</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128786"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 168: Create Key Pair Attribute Requirements</span> <span>88</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128787"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 169: Register Request Payload</span> <span>89</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128788"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 170: Register Response Payload</span> <span>89</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128789"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 171: Register Attribute Requirements</span> <span>90</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128790"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 172: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-key</span> <span>91</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128791"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 173: Re-key Attribute Requirements</span> <span>91</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128792"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 174: Re-key Request Payload</span> <span>92</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128793"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 175: Re-key Response Payload</span> <span>92</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128794"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 176: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-key Key Pair</span> <span>93</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128795"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 177: Re-key Key Pair Attribute Requirements</span> <span>94</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128796"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 178: Re-key Key Pair Request Payload</span> <span>95</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128797"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 179: Re-key Key Pair Response Payload</span> <span>96</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128798"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 180: Derive Key Request Payload</span> <span>97</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128799"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 181: Derive Key Response Payload</span> <span>98</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128800"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 182: Derivation Parameters Structure (Except PBKDF2)</span> <span>98</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128801"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 183: PBKDF2 Derivation Parameters Structure</span> <span>99</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128802"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 184: Certify Request Payload</span> <span>100</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128803"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 185: Certify Response Payload</span> <span>100</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128804"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 186: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-certify</span> <span>101</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128805"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 187: Re-certify Attribute Requirements</span> <span>101</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128806"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 188: Re-certify Request Payload</span> <span>102</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128807"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 189: Re-certify Response Payload</span> <span>102</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128808"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 190: Locate Request Payload</span> <span>104</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128809"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 191: Locate Response Payload</span> <span>104</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128810"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 192: Check Request Payload</span> <span>105</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128811"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 193: Check Response Payload</span> <span>106</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128812"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 194: Get Request Payload</span> <span>107</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128813"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 195: Get Response Payload</span> <span>107</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128814"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 196: Get Attributes Request Payload</span> <span>107</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128815"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 197: Get Attributes Response Payload</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128816"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 198: Get Attribute List Request Payload</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128817"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 199: Get Attribute List Response Payload</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128818"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 200: Add Attribute Request Payload</span> <span>108</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128819"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 201: Add Attribute Response Payload</span> <span>109</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128820"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 202: Modify Attribute Request Payload</span> <span>109</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128821"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 203: Modify Attribute Response Payload</span> <span>109</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128822"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 204: Delete Attribute Request Payload</span> <span>110</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128823"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 205: Delete Attribute Response Payload</span> <span>110</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128824"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 206: Obtain Lease Request Payload</span> <span>110</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128825"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 207: Obtain Lease Response Payload</span> <span>111</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128826"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 208: Get Usage Allocation Request Payload</span> <span>111</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128827"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 209: Get Usage Allocation Response Payload</span> <span>111</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128828"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 210: Activate Request Payload</span> <span>112</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128829"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 211: Activate Response Payload</span> <span>112</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128830"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 212: Revoke Request Payload</span> <span>112</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128831"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 213: Revoke Response Payload</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128832"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 214: Destroy Request Payload</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128833"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 215: Destroy Response Payload</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128834"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 216: Archive Request Payload</span> <span>113</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128835"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 217: Archive Response Payload</span> <span>114</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128836"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 218: Recover Request Payload</span> <span>114</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128837"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 219: Recover Response Payload</span> <span>114</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128838"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 220: Validate Request Payload</span> <span>115</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128839"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 221: Validate Response Payload</span> <span>115</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128840"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 222: Query Request Payload</span> <span>116</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128841"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 223: Query Response Payload</span> <span>117</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128842"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 224: Discover Versions Request Payload</span> <span>118</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128843"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 225: Discover Versions Response Payload</span> <span>118</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128844"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 226: Cancel Request Payload</span> <span>118</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128845"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 227: Cancel Response Payload</span> <span>118</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128846"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 228: Poll Request Payload</span> <span>119</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128847"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 229: Encrypt Request Payload</span> <span>120</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128848"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 230: Encrypt Response Payload</span> <span>121</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128849"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 231: Decrypt Request Payload</span> <span>122</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128850"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 232: Decrypt Response Payload</span> <span>123</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128851"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 233: Sign Request Payload</span> <span>124</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128852"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 234: Sign Response Payload</span> <span>125</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128853"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 235: Signature Verify Request Payload</span> <span>126</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128854"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 236: Signature Verify Response Payload</span> <span>127</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128855"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 237: MAC Request Payload</span> <span>128</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128856"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 238: MAC Response Payload</span> <span>128</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128857"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 239: MAC Verify Request Payload</span> <span>129</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128858"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 240: MAC Verify Response Payload</span> <span>130</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128859"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 241: RNG Retrieve Request Payload</span> <span>130</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128860"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 242: RNG Retrieve Response Payload</span> <span>130</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128861"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 243: RNG Seed Request Payload</span> <span>131</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128862"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 244: RNG Seed Response Payload</span> <span>131</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128863"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 245: Hash Request Payload</span> <span>131</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128864"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 246: Hash Response Payload</span> <span>132</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128865"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 247: Create Split Key Request Payload</span> <span>132</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128866"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 248: Create Split Key Response Payload</span> <span>133</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128867"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 249: Join Split Key Request Payload</span> <span>133</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128868"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 250: Join Split Key Response Payload</span> <span>133</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128869"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 251: Export Request Payload</span> <span>134</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128870"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 252: Export Response Payload</span> <span>134</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128871"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 253: Export Request Payload</span> <span>135</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128872"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 254: Export Response Payload</span> <span>135</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128873"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 255: Notify Message Payload</span> <span>136</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128874"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 256: Put Message Payload</span> <span>137</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128875"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 257: Query Request Payload</span> <span>138</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128876"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 258: Query Response Payload</span> <span>139</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128877"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 259: Discover Versions Request Payload</span> <span>140</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128878"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 260: Discover Versions Response Payload</span> <span>140</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128879"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 261: Protocol Version Structure in Message Header</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128880"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 262: Operation in Batch Item</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128881"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 263: Maximum Response Size in Message Request Header</span> <span>141</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128882"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 264: Unique Batch Item ID in Batch Item</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128883"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 265: Time Stamp in Message Header</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128884"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 266: Authentication Structure in Message Header</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128885"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 267: Asynchronous Indicator in Message Request Header</span> <span>142</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128886"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 268: Asynchronous Correlation Value in Response Batch Item</span> <span>143</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128887"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 269: Result Status in Response Batch Item</span> <span>143</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128888"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 270: Result Reason in Response Batch Item</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128889"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 271: Result Message in Response Batch Item</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128890"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 272: Batch Order Option in Message Request Header</span> <span>144</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128891"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 273: Batch Error Continuation Option in Message Request Header</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128892"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 274: Batch Count in Message Header</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128893"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 275: Batch Item in Message</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128894"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 276: Message Extension Structure in Batch Item</span> <span>145</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128895"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 277: Attestation Capable Indicator in Message Request Header</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128896"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 278: Client Correlation Value in Message Request Header</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128897"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 279: Server Correlation Value in Message Request Header</span> <span>146</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128898"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 280: Request Message Structure</span> <span>147</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128899"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 281: Response Message Structure</span> <span>147</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128900"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 282: Request Header Structure</span> <span>148</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128901"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 283: Request Batch Item Structure</span> <span>148</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128902"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 284: Response Header Structure</span> <span>149</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128903"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 285: Response Batch Item Structure</span> <span>149</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128904"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 286: Allowed Item Type Values</span> <span>151</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128905"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 287: Allowed Item Length Values</span> <span>152</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128906"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 288: Tag Values</span> <span>162</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128907"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 289: Credential Type Enumeration</span> <span>163</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128908"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 290: Key Compression Type Enumeration</span> <span>163</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128909"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 291: Key Format Type Enumeration</span> <span>164</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128910"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 292: Wrapping Method Enumeration</span> <span>164</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128911"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 293: Recommended Curve Enumeration for ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV</span> <span>166</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128912"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 294: Certificate Type Enumeration</span> <span>167</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128913"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 295: Digital Signature Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>167</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128914"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 296: Split Key Method Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128915"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 297: Secret Data Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128916"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 298: Opaque Data Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128917"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 299: Name Type Enumeration</span> <span>168</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128918"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 300: Object Type Enumeration</span> <span>169</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128919"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 301: Cryptographic Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>171</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128920"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 302: Block Cipher Mode Enumeration</span> <span>171</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128921"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 303: Padding Method Enumeration</span> <span>172</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128922"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 304: Hashing Algorithm Enumeration</span> <span>172</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128923"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 305: Key Role Type Enumeration</span> <span>173</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128924"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 306: State Enumeration</span> <span>174</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128925"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 307: Revocation Reason Code Enumeration</span> <span>174</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128926"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 308: Link Type Enumeration</span> <span>175</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128927"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 309: Derivation Method Enumeration</span> <span>175</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128928"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 310: Certificate Request Type Enumeration</span> <span>175</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128929"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 311: Validity Indicator Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128930"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 312: Query Function Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128931"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 313: Cancellation Result Enumeration</span> <span>176</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128932"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 314: Put Function Enumeration</span> <span>177</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128933"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 315: Operation Enumeration</span> <span>179</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128934"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 316: Result Status Enumeration</span> <span>179</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128935"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 317: Result Reason Enumeration</span> <span>180</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128936"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 318: Batch Error Continuation Option Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128937"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 319: Usage Limits Unit Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128938"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 320: Encoding Option Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128939"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 321: Object Group Member Enumeration</span> <span>181</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128940"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 322: Alternative Name Type Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128941"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 323: Key Value Location Type Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128942"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 324: Attestation Type Enumeration</span> <span>182</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128943"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 325: Cryptographic Usage Mask</span> <span>192</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128944"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 326: Storage Status Mask</span> <span>192</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128945"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 327: General Errors</span> <span>196</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128946"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 328: Create Errors</span> <span>196</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128947"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 329: Create Key Pair Errors</span> <span>197</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128948"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 330: Register Errors</span> <span>198</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128949"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 331: Re-key Errors</span> <span>199</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128950"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 332: Re-key Key Pair Errors</span> <span>200</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128951"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 333: Derive Key Errors-</span> <span>201</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128952"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 334: Certify Errors</span> <span>202</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128953"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 335: Re-certify Errors</span> <span>202</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128954"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 336: Locate Errors</span> <span>203</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128955"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 337: Check Errors</span> <span>203</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128956"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 338: Get Errors</span> <span>204</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128957"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 339: Get Attributes Errors</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128958"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 340: Get Attribute List Errors</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128959"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 341: Add Attribute Errors</span> <span>205</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128960"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 342: Modify Attribute Errors</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128961"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 343: Delete Attribute Errors</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128962"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 344: Obtain Lease Errors</span> <span>206</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128963"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 345: Get Usage Allocation Errors</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128964"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 346: Activate Errors</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128965"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 347: Revoke Errors</span> <span>207</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128966"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 348: Destroy Errors</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128967"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 349: Archive Errors</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128968"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 350: Recover Errors</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128969"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 351: Validate Errors</span> <span>208</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128970"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 352: Poll Errors</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128971"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 353: Encrypt Errors</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128972"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 354: Decrypt Errors</span> <span>209</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128973"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 355: Sign Errors</span> <span>210</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128974"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 356: Signature Verify Errors</span> <span>210</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128975"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 357: MAC Errors</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128976"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 358: MAC Verify Errors</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128977"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 359: RNG Retrieve Errors</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128978"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 360: RNG Seed Errors</span> <span>211</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128979"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 361: HASH Errors</span> <span>212</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128980"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 362: Create Split Key Errors</span> <span>212</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128981"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 363: Join Split Key Errors</span> <span>213</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128982"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 364: Export Errors</span> <span>214</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128983"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 365: Import Errors</span> <span>215</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128984"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 366: Batch Items Errors</span> <span>216</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128985"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 367: Attribute Cross-reference</span> <span>220</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128986"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 368: Tag Cross-reference</span> <span>226</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:4pt"><a href="#_Toc476128987"><span style="color:#0000EE">Table 369: Operation and Object Cross-reference</span> <span>228</span></a></p>
<h1 id="revision-history" class="AppendixHeading1">Revision History</h1>
<table width="100%">
<colgroup><col style="width: 20%" /><col style="width: 19%" /><col style="width: 18%" /><col style="width: 41%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th data-docx-cell-width="1015" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct"><strong>Revision</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="987" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct"><strong>Date</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="902" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct"><strong>Editor</strong></th><th data-docx-cell-width="2096" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct"><strong>Changes Made</strong></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1015" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">V1.4-cs01</td><td data-docx-cell-width="987" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">18 June 2017</td><td data-docx-cell-width="902" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">Tony Cox</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2096" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">Published Committee Specification</td></tr>
<tr><td data-docx-cell-width="1015" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">V1.4-cs01-r02</td><td data-docx-cell-width="987" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">21 July 2017</td><td data-docx-cell-width="902" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct">Tony Cox</td><td data-docx-cell-width="2096" data-docx-cell-width-type="pct"><p>- Amended publication date</p><p>- Amended document name in footer</p><p>- Corrected incorrect x-refs in sections 4.1-4.8, 4.38 &amp; 4.39</p><p>- Updated Table of Contents</p><p>- Updated Revision History</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
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alt="oasis" /></p>
<p>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version
1.4</p>
<p>OASIS Standard</p>
<p>22 November 2017</p>
<p>Specification URIs</p>
<p>This version:</p>
<p><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.docx">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.docx</a>
(Authoritative)</p>
<p><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html</a></p>
<p><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.pdf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.pdf</a></p>
<p>Previous version:</p>
<p><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.docx">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.docx</a>
(Authoritative)</p>
<p><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.html</a></p>
<p><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.pdf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/cs01/kmip-spec-v1.4-cs01.pdf</a></p>
<p>Latest version:</p>
<p><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.docx">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.docx</a>
(Authoritative)</p>
<p><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html</a></p>
<p><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.pdf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.pdf</a></p>
<p>Technical Committee:</p>
<p><a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/">OASIS Key
Management Interoperability Protocol (KMIP) TC</a></p>
<p>Chairs:</p>
<p>Judith Furlong (<a
href="mailto:Judith.Furlong@dell.com">Judith.Furlong@dell.com</a>), <a
href="http://www.dell.com">Dell</a></p>
<p>Tony Cox (<a
href="mailto:tony.cox@cryptsoft.com">tony.cox@cryptsoft.com</a>), <a
href="http://www.cryptsoft.com">Cryptsoft Pty Ltd.</a></p>
<p>Editor:</p>
<p>Tony Cox (<a
href="mailto:tony.cox@cryptsoft.com">tony.cox@cryptsoft.com</a>), <a
href="http://www.cryptsoft.com">Cryptsoft Pty Ltd.</a></p>
<p>Related work:</p>
<p>This specification replaces or supersedes:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification
Version 1.0</em>. Edited by Robert Haas and Indra Fitzgerald. 01 October
2010. OASIS Standard. <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.0/os/kmip-spec-1.0-os.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.0/os/kmip-spec-1.0-os.html</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification
Version 1.1.</em> Edited by Robert Haas and Indra Fitzgerald. 24 January
2013. OASIS Standard. <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.1/os/kmip-spec-v1.1-os.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.1/os/kmip-spec-v1.1-os.html</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification
Version 1.2.</em> Edited by Kiran Thota and Kelley Burgin. 19 May 2015.
OASIS Standard. <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.2/os/kmip-spec-v1.2-os.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.2/os/kmip-spec-v1.2-os.html</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification
Version 1.3</em>. Edited by Kiran Thota and Tony Cox. 27 December 2016.
OASIS Standard. <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.3/os/kmip-spec-v1.3-os.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.3/os/kmip-spec-v1.3-os.html</a>.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This specification is related to:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Profiles Version
1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Robert Lockhart. Latest version: <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Test Cases Version
1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Mark Joseph. Latest version: <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Usage Guide Version
1.4.</em> Edited by Judith Furlong. Latest version: <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html</a>.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Abstract:</p>
<p>This document is intended for developers and architects who wish to
design systems and applications that interoperate using the Key
Management Interoperability Protocol Specification.</p>
<p>Status:</p>
<p>This document was last revised or approved by the Members of OASIS on
the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the
“Latest version” location noted above for possible later revisions of
this document. Any other numbered Versions and other technical work
produced by the Technical Committee (TC) are listed at <a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=kmip#technical">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=kmip#technical</a>.</p>
<p>TC members should send comments on this specification to the TC’s
email list. Others should send comments to the TC’s public comment list,
after subscribing to it by following the instructions at the “<a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=kmip">Send
A Comment</a>” button on the TC’s web page at <a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/</a>.</p>
<p>This OASIS Standard is provided under the <a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr#RF-on-RAND-Mode">RF
on RAND Terms</a> Mode of the <a
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href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php</a>).</p>
<p>Note that any machine-readable content (<a
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<p>Citation format:</p>
<p>When referencing this specification the following citation format
should be used:</p>
<p><strong>[kmip-spec-v1.4]</strong></p>
<p><em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Specification Version
1.4</em>. Edited by Tony Cox. 22 November 2017. OASIS Standard. <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/os/kmip-spec-v1.4-os.html</a>.
Latest version: <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/spec/v1.4/kmip-spec-v1.4.html</a>.</p>
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<p>Table of Contents</p>
<p><a href="#introduction">1 Introduction <span>11</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#ipr-policy">1.0 IPR Policy <span>11</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#terminology">1.1 Terminology <span>11</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#normative-references">1.2 Normative References
<span>14</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#non-normative-references">1.3 Non-Normative References
<span>17</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#objects">2 Objects <span>19</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#base-objects">2.1 Base Objects <span>19</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#attribute">2.1.1 Attribute <span>19</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#credential">2.1.2 Credential <span>20</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-block">2.1.3 Key Block <span>21</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-value">2.1.4 Key Value <span>22</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5 Key Wrapping Data
<span>23</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-wrapping-specification">2.1.6 Key Wrapping
Specification <span>25</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7 Transparent Key
Structures <span>26</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-symmetric-key">2.1.7.1 Transparent Symmetric
Key <span>27</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-dsa-private-key">2.1.7.2 Transparent DSA
Private Key <span>27</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-dsa-public-key">2.1.7.3 Transparent DSA Public
Key <span>28</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-rsa-private-key">2.1.7.4 Transparent RSA
Private Key <span>28</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-rsa-public-key">2.1.7.5 Transparent RSA Public
Key <span>29</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-dh-private-key">2.1.7.6 Transparent DH Private
Key <span>29</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-dh-public-key">2.1.7.7 Transparent DH Public
Key <span>29</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-ecdsa-private-key">2.1.7.8 Transparent ECDSA
Private Key <span>29</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-ecdsa-public-key">2.1.7.9 Transparent ECDSA
Public Key <span>30</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-ecdh-private-key">2.1.7.10 Transparent ECDH
Private Key <span>30</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-ecdh-public-key">2.1.7.11 Transparent ECDH
Public Key <span>30</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-ecmqv-private-key">2.1.7.12 Transparent ECMQV
Private Key <span>31</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-ecmqv-public-key">2.1.7.13 Transparent ECMQV
Public Key <span>31</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-ec-private-key">2.1.7.14 Transparent EC Private
Key <span>31</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transparent-ec-public-key">2.1.7.15 Transparent EC Public
Key <span>32</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8 Template-Attribute
Structures <span>32</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#extension-information">2.1.9 Extension Information
<span>32</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#data">2.1.10 Data <span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#data-length">2.1.11 Data Length <span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#signature-data">2.1.12 Signature Data
<span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#mac-data">2.1.13 MAC Data <span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#nonce">2.1.14 Nonce <span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15 Correlation Value
<span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16 Init Indicator
<span>34</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17 Final Indicator
<span>34</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#rng-parameters">2.1.18 RNG Parameters
<span>35</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#profile-information">2.1.19 Profile Information
<span>35</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#validation-information">2.1.20 Validation Information
<span>36</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#capability-information">2.1.21 Capability Information
<span>36</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22
Authenticated Encryption Additional Data <span>37</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#authenticated-encryption-tag">2.1.23 Authenticated
Encryption Tag <span>37</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#managed-objects">2.2 Managed Objects
<span>37</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#certificate">2.2.1 Certificate <span>38</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#symmetric-key">2.2.2 Symmetric Key <span>38</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#public-key">2.2.3 Public Key <span>38</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#private-key">2.2.4 Private Key <span>38</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#split-key">2.2.5 Split Key <span>38</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#template">2.2.6 Template <span>40</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#secret-data">2.2.7 Secret Data <span>40</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#opaque-object">2.2.8 Opaque Object <span>40</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#pgp-key">2.2.9 PGP Key <span>41</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#attributes">3 Attributes <span>42</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#unique-identifier">3.1 Unique Identifier
<span>43</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#name">3.2 Name <span>44</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#object-type">3.3 Object Type <span>44</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm">3.4 Cryptographic Algorithm
<span>45</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#cryptographic-length">3.5 Cryptographic Length
<span>45</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6 Cryptographic Parameters
<span>46</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters">3.7 Cryptographic Domain
Parameters <span>49</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#certificate-type">3.8 Certificate Type
<span>49</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#certificate-length">3.9 Certificate Length
<span>50</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#x.509-certificate-identifier">3.10 X.509 Certificate
Identifier <span>50</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject">3.11 X.509 Certificate Subject
<span>51</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer">3.12 X.509 Certificate Issuer
<span>52</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#certificate-identifier">3.13 Certificate Identifier
<span>52</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#certificate-subject">3.14 Certificate Subject
<span>53</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#certificate-issuer">3.15 Certificate Issuer
<span>54</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm">3.16 Digital Signature
Algorithm <span>54</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#digest">3.17 Digest <span>55</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#operation-policy-name">3.18 Operation Policy Name
<span>56</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#operations-outside-of-operation-policy-control">3.18.1
Operations outside of operation policy control <span>57</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#default-operation-policy">3.18.2 Default Operation Policy
<span>57</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#default-operation-policy-for-secret-objects">3.18.2.1
Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects <span>57</span></a></p>
<p><a
href="#default-operation-policy-for-certificates-and-public-key-objects">3.18.2.2
Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects
<span>58</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#default-operation-policy-for-template-objects">3.18.2.3
Default Operation Policy for Template Objects <span>59</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask">3.19 Cryptographic Usage Mask
<span>60</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#lease-time">3.20 Lease Time <span>61</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#usage-limits">3.21 Usage Limits <span>62</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#state">3.22 State <span>63</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#initial-date">3.23 Initial Date <span>65</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#activation-date">3.24 Activation Date
<span>65</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#process-start-date">3.25 Process Start Date
<span>66</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#protect-stop-date">3.26 Protect Stop Date
<span>67</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#deactivation-date">3.27 Deactivation Date
<span>68</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#destroy-date">3.28 Destroy Date <span>68</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date">3.29 Compromise Occurrence Date
<span>69</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#compromise-date">3.30 Compromise Date
<span>69</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#revocation-reason">3.31 Revocation Reason
<span>70</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#archive-date">3.32 Archive Date <span>70</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#object-group">3.33 Object Group <span>71</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#fresh">3.34 Fresh <span>71</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#link">3.35 Link <span>72</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#application-specific-information">3.36 Application Specific
Information <span>73</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#contact-information">3.37 Contact Information
<span>74</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#last-change-date">3.38 Last Change Date
<span>74</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#custom-attribute">3.39 Custom Attribute
<span>75</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#alternative-name">3.40 Alternative Name
<span>76</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-value-present">3.41 Key Value Present
<span>76</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-value-location">3.42 Key Value Location
<span>77</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#original-creation-date">3.43 Original Creation Date
<span>77</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#random-number-generator">3.44 Random Number Generator
<span>78</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#pkcs12-friendly-name">3.45 PKCS#12 Friendly Name
<span>79</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#description">3.46 Description <span>79</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#comment">3.47 Comment <span>80</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#sensitive">3.48 Sensitive <span>80</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#always-sensitive">3.49 Always Sensitive
<span>81</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#extractable">3.50 Extractable <span>81</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#never-extractable">3.51 Never Extractable
<span>82</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#client-to-server-operations">4 Client-to-Server Operations
<span>83</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#create">4.1 Create <span>84</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#create-key-pair">4.2 Create Key Pair
<span>85</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#register">4.3 Register <span>88</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#re-key">4.4 Re-key <span>90</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#re-key-key-pair">4.5 Re-key Key Pair
<span>92</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#derive-key">4.6 Derive Key <span>96</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#certify">4.7 Certify <span>99</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#re-certify">4.8 Re-certify <span>100</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#locate">4.9 Locate <span>102</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#check">4.10 Check <span>104</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#get">4.11 Get <span>106</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#get-attributes">4.12 Get Attributes
<span>107</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#get-attribute-list">4.13 Get Attribute List
<span>108</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#add-attribute">4.14 Add Attribute <span>108</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#modify-attribute">4.15 Modify Attribute
<span>109</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#delete-attribute">4.16 Delete Attribute
<span>109</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#obtain-lease">4.17 Obtain Lease <span>110</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#get-usage-allocation">4.18 Get Usage Allocation
<span>111</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#activate">4.19 Activate <span>112</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#revoke">4.20 Revoke <span>112</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#destroy">4.21 Destroy <span>113</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#archive">4.22 Archive <span>113</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#recover">4.23 Recover <span>114</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#validate">4.24 Validate <span>114</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#query">4.25 Query <span>115</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#discover-versions">4.26 Discover Versions
<span>117</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#cancel">4.27 Cancel <span>118</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#poll">4.28 Poll <span>119</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#encrypt">4.29 Encrypt <span>119</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#decrypt">4.30 Decrypt <span>121</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#sign">4.31 Sign <span>123</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#signature-verify">4.32 Signature Verify
<span>125</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#mac">4.33 MAC <span>127</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#mac-verify">4.34 MAC Verify <span>129</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#rng-retrieve">4.35 RNG Retrieve <span>130</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#rng-seed">4.36 RNG Seed <span>130</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#hash">4.37 Hash <span>131</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#create-split-key">4.38 Create Split Key
<span>132</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#join-split-key">4.39 Join Split Key
<span>133</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#export">4.40 Export <span>134</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#import">4.41 Import <span>134</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#server-to-client-operations">5 Server-to-Client Operations
<span>136</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#notify">5.1 Notify <span>136</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#put">5.2 Put <span>136</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#query-1">5.3 Query <span>137</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#message-contents">6 Message Contents
<span>141</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#protocol-version">6.1 Protocol Version
<span>141</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#operation">6.2 Operation <span>141</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#maximum-response-size">6.3 Maximum Response Size
<span>141</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#unique-batch-item-id">6.4 Unique Batch Item ID
<span>141</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#time-stamp">6.5 Time Stamp <span>142</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#authentication">6.6 Authentication <span>142</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#asynchronous-indicator">6.7 Asynchronous Indicator
<span>142</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8 Asynchronous
Correlation Value <span>142</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#result-status">6.9 Result Status <span>143</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#result-reason">6.10 Result Reason <span>143</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#result-message">6.11 Result Message
<span>144</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#batch-order-option">6.12 Batch Order Option
<span>144</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option">6.13 Batch Error
Continuation Option <span>144</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#batch-count">6.14 Batch Count <span>145</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#batch-item">6.15 Batch Item <span>145</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#message-extension">6.16 Message Extension
<span>145</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#attestation-capable-indicator">6.17 Attestation Capable
Indicator <span>146</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#client-correlation-value">6.18 Client Correlation Value
<span>146</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#server-correlation-value">6.19 Server Correlation Value
<span>146</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#message-format">7 Message Format <span>147</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#message-structure">7.1 Message Structure
<span>147</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#operations">7.2 Operations <span>147</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#authentication-1">8 Authentication <span>150</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#message-encoding">9 Message Encoding
<span>151</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#ttlv-encoding">9.1 TTLV Encoding <span>151</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#ttlv-encoding-fields">9.1.1 TTLV Encoding Fields
<span>151</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#item-tag">9.1.1.1 Item Tag <span>151</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#item-type">9.1.1.2 Item Type <span>151</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#item-length">9.1.1.3 Item Length <span>152</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#item-value">9.1.1.4 Item Value <span>152</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#examples">9.1.2 Examples <span>153</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#defined-values">9.1.3 Defined Values
<span>154</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#tags">9.1.3.1 Tags <span>154</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#enumerations">9.1.3.2 Enumerations <span>162</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#credential-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.1 Credential Type
Enumeration <span>162</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.2 Key Compression
Type Enumeration <span>163</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3 Key Format Type
Enumeration <span>163</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#wrapping-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.4 Wrapping Method
Enumeration <span>164</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5 Recommended Curve
Enumeration <span>164</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#certificate-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.6 Certificate Type
Enumeration <span>166</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.7 Digital
Signature Algorithm Enumeration <span>167</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#split-key-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.8 Split Key Method
Enumeration <span>168</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#secret-data-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.9 Secret Data Type
Enumeration <span>168</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#opaque-data-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.10 Opaque Data Type
Enumeration <span>168</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#name-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.11 Name Type Enumeration
<span>168</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#object-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.12 Object Type Enumeration
<span>169</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.13
Cryptographic Algorithm Enumeration <span>170</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#block-cipher-mode-enumeration">9.1.3.2.14 Block Cipher Mode
Enumeration <span>171</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#padding-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.15 Padding Method
Enumeration <span>172</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.16 Hashing Algorithm
Enumeration <span>172</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-role-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.17 Key Role Type
Enumeration <span>173</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#state-enumeration">9.1.3.2.18 State Enumeration
<span>174</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#revocation-reason-code-enumeration">9.1.3.2.19 Revocation
Reason Code Enumeration <span>174</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#link-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.20 Link Type Enumeration
<span>174</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#derivation-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.21 Derivation Method
Enumeration <span>175</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.22
Certificate Request Type Enumeration <span>175</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#validity-indicator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.23 Validity
Indicator Enumeration <span>176</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#query-function-enumeration">9.1.3.2.24 Query Function
Enumeration <span>176</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#cancellation-result-enumeration">9.1.3.2.25 Cancellation
Result Enumeration <span>176</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#put-function-enumeration">9.1.3.2.26 Put Function
Enumeration <span>177</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#operation-enumeration">9.1.3.2.27 Operation Enumeration
<span>178</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#result-status-enumeration">9.1.3.2.28 Result Status
Enumeration <span>179</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#result-reason-enumeration">9.1.3.2.29 Result Reason
Enumeration <span>180</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration">9.1.3.2.30
Batch Error Continuation Option Enumeration <span>181</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#usage-limits-unit-enumeration">9.1.3.2.31 Usage Limits Unit
Enumeration <span>181</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#encoding-option-enumeration">9.1.3.2.32 Encoding Option
Enumeration <span>181</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#object-group-member-enumeration">9.1.3.2.33 Object Group
Member Enumeration <span>181</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#alternative-name-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.34 Alternative
Name Type Enumeration <span>181</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-value-location-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.35 Key Value
Location Type Enumeration <span>182</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#attestation-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.36 Attestation Type
Enumeration <span>182</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#rng-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.37 RNG Algorithm
Enumeration <span>182</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#drbg-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.38 DRBG Algorithm
Enumeration <span>183</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#fips186-variation-enumeration">9.1.3.2.39 FIPS186 Variation
Enumeration <span>183</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#validation-authority-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.40
Validation Authority Type Enumeration <span>183</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#validation-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.41 Validation Type
Enumeration <span>184</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#profile-name-enumeration">9.1.3.2.42 Profile Name
Enumeration <span>184</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#unwrap-mode-enumeration">9.1.3.2.43 Unwrap Mode Enumeration
<span>188</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#destroy-action-enumeration">9.1.3.2.44 Destroy Action
Enumeration <span>190</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#shredding-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.45 Shredding
Algorithm Enumeration <span>190</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#rng-mode-enumeration">9.1.3.2.46 RNG Mode Enumeration
<span>190</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#client-registration-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.47 Client
Registration Method Enumeration <span>190</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#key-wrap-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.48 Key Wrap Type
Enumeration <span>190</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#mask-generator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.49 Mask Generator
Enumeration <span>191</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#bit-masks">9.1.3.3 Bit Masks <span>191</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask-1">9.1.3.3.1 Cryptographic Usage
Mask <span>191</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#storage-status-mask">9.1.3.3.2 Storage Status Mask
<span>192</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#transport">10 Transport <span>193</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#error-handling">11 Error Handling <span>194</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#general">11.1 General <span>194</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#create-1">11.2 Create <span>196</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#create-key-pair-1">11.3 Create Key Pair
<span>197</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#register-1">11.4 Register <span>198</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#re-key-1">11.5 Re-key <span>199</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#re-key-key-pair-1">11.6 Re-key Key Pair
<span>200</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#derive-key-1">11.7 Derive Key <span>201</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#certify-1">11.8 Certify <span>202</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#re-certify-1">11.9 Re-certify <span>202</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#locate-1">11.10 Locate <span>203</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#check-1">11.11 Check <span>203</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#get-1">11.12 Get <span>204</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#get-attributes-1">11.13 Get Attributes
<span>205</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#get-attribute-list-1">11.14 Get Attribute List
<span>205</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#add-attribute-1">11.15 Add Attribute
<span>205</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#modify-attribute-1">11.16 Modify Attribute
<span>206</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#delete-attribute-1">11.17 Delete Attribute
<span>206</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#obtain-lease-1">11.18 Obtain Lease <span>206</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#get-usage-allocation-1">11.19 Get Usage Allocation
<span>207</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#activate-1">11.20 Activate <span>207</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#revoke-1">11.21 Revoke <span>207</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#destroy-1">11.22 Destroy <span>208</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#archive-1">11.23 Archive <span>208</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#recover-1">11.24 Recover <span>208</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#validate-1">11.25 Validate <span>208</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#query-2">11.26 Query <span>208</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#discover-versions-1">11.27 Discover Versions
<span>208</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#cancel-1">11.28 Cancel <span>209</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#poll-1">11.29 Poll <span>209</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#encrypt-1">11.30 Encrypt <span>209</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#decrypt-1">11.31 Decrypt <span>209</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#sign-1">11.32 Sign <span>210</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#signature-verify-1">11.33 Signature Verify
<span>210</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#mac-1">11.34 MAC <span>211</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#mac-verify-1">11.35 MAC Verify <span>211</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#rng-retrieve-1">11.36 RNG Retrieve <span>211</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#rng-seed-1">11.37 RNG Seed <span>211</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#hash-1">11.38 HASH <span>212</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#create-split-key-1">11.39 Create Split Key
<span>212</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#join-split-key-1">11.40 Join Split Key
<span>213</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#export-1">11.41 Export <span>214</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#import-1">11.42 Import <span>215</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#batch-items">11.43 Batch Items <span>215</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#kmip-server-and-client-implementation-conformance">12 KMIP
Server and Client Implementation Conformance <span>217</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#kmip-server-implementation-conformance">12.1 KMIP Server
Implementation Conformance <span>217</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#kmip-client-implementation-conformance">12.2 KMIP Client
Implementation Conformance <span>217</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#acknowledgments">Appendix A. Acknowledgments
<span>218</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#attribute-cross-reference">Appendix B. Attribute
Cross-Reference <span>219</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#tag-cross-reference">Appendix C. Tag Cross-Reference
<span>221</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#operations-and-object-cross-reference">Appendix D.
Operations and Object Cross-Reference <span>227</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#acronyms">Appendix E. Acronyms <span>229</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#list-of-figures-and-tables">Appendix F. List of Figures and
Tables <span>233</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#revision-history">Appendix G. Revision History
<span>242</span></a></p>
<h1 id="introduction">Introduction</h1>
<p>This document is intended as a specification of the protocol used for
the communication between clients and servers to perform certain
management operations on objects stored and maintained by a key
management system. These objects are referred to as Managed Objects in
this specification. They include symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic
keys, digital certificates, and templates used to simplify the creation
of objects and control their use. Managed Objects are managed with
operations that include the ability to generate cryptographic keys,
register objects with the key management system, obtain objects from the
system, destroy objects from the system, and search for objects
maintained by the system. Managed Objects also have associated
attributes, which are named values stored by the key management system
and are obtained from the system via operations. Certain attributes are
added, modified, or deleted by operations.</p>
<p>The protocol specified in this document includes several
certificate-related functions for which there are a number of existing
protocols – namely Validate (e.g., SCVP or XKMS), Certify (e.g., CMP <a
href="#RFC4210"><strong>[RFC4210]</strong></a>, CMC <strong><a
href="#RFC5272">[RFC5272]</a><a href="#RFC6402">[RFC6402]</a></strong>,
SCEP) and Re-certify (e.g., CMP <a
href="#RFC4210"><strong>[RFC4210]</strong></a>, CMC <strong><a
href="#RFC5272">[RFC5272]</a><a href="#RFC6402">[RFC6402]</a></strong>,
SCEP). The protocol does not attempt to define a comprehensive
certificate management protocol, such as would be needed for a
certification authority. However, it does include functions that are
needed to allow a key server to provide a proxy for certificate
management functions.</p>
<p>In addition to the normative definitions for managed objects,
operations and attributes, this specification also includes normative
definitions for the following aspects of the protocol:</p>
<p>• The expected behavior of the server and client as a result of
operations,</p>
<p>• Message contents and formats,</p>
<p>• Message encoding (including enumerations), and</p>
<p>• Error handling.</p>
<p>This specification is complemented by several other documents. The
KMIP Usage Guide<a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>
provides illustrative information on using the protocol. The KMIP
Profiles Specification <a
href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a> provides a
selected set of base level conformance profiles and authentication
suites; additional KMIP Profiles define specific sets of KMIP
functionality for conformance purposes. The KMIP Test Specification <a
href="#KMIP_TC"><strong>[KMIP-TC]</strong></a> provides samples of
protocol messages corresponding to a set of defined test cases.</p>
<p>This specification defines the KMIP protocol version major 1 and
minor 2 (see 6.1).</p>
<h2 id="ipr-policy">IPR Policy</h2>
<p>This OASIS Standard is provided under the <a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr#RF-on-RAND-Mode">RF
on RAND Terms</a> Mode of the <a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr">OASIS IPR
Policy</a>, the mode chosen when the Technical Committee was
established.</p>
<p>For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may
be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers of
patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property Rights
section of the TC’s web page (<a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/kmip/ipr.php</a>).</p>
<h2 id="terminology">Terminology</h2>
<p>The key words “MUST”, “MUST NOT”, “REQUIRED”, “SHALL”, “SHALL NOT”,
“SHOULD”, “SHOULD NOT”, “RECOMMENDED”, “MAY”, and “OPTIONAL” in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [<a
href="#RFC2119">RFC2119</a>].</p>
<p>For acronyms used in this document, see <a href="#acronyms">Appendix
E</a>. For definitions not found in this document, see <a
href="#SP800_57_1"><strong>[SP800-57-1]</strong></a>.</p>
<table style="width:96%;">
<caption><p>: Terminology</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 24%" />
<col style="width: 72%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: center;"><strong>Term</strong></th>
<th style="text-align: center;"><strong>Definition</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Archive</td>
<td>To place information not accessed frequently into long-term
storage.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>Asymmetric key pair</p>
<p>(key pair)</p></td>
<td>A public key and its corresponding private key; a key pair is used
with a public key algorithm.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authentication</td>
<td>A process that establishes the origin of information, or determines
an entity’s identity.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authentication code</td>
<td>A cryptographic checksum based on a security function.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authorization</td>
<td>Access privileges that are granted to an entity; conveying an
“official” sanction to perform a security function or activity.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate length</td>
<td>The length (in bytes) of an X.509 public key certificate.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certification authority</td>
<td>The entity in a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) that is responsible
for issuing certificates, and exacting compliance to a PKI policy.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ciphertext</td>
<td>Data in its encrypted form.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise</td>
<td>The unauthorized disclosure, modification, substitution or use of
sensitive data (e.g., keying material and other security-related
information).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Confidentiality</td>
<td>The property that sensitive information is not disclosed to
unauthorized entities.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic algorithm</td>
<td>A well-defined computational procedure that takes variable inputs,
including a cryptographic key and produces an output.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic key<br />
(key)</td>
<td><p>A parameter used in conjunction with a cryptographic algorithm
that determines its operation in such a way that an entity with
knowledge of the key can reproduce or reverse the operation, while an
entity without knowledge of the key cannot. Examples include:</p>
<p>1. The transformation of plaintext data into ciphertext data,</p>
<p>2. The transformation of ciphertext data into plaintext data,</p>
<p>3. The computation of a digital signature from data,</p>
<p>4. The verification of a digital signature,</p>
<p>5. The computation of an authentication code from data, and</p>
<p>6. The verification of an authentication code from data and a
received authentication code.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Decryption</td>
<td>The process of changing ciphertext into plaintext using a
cryptographic algorithm and key.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digest (or hash)</td>
<td>The result of applying a hashing algorithm to information.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digital signature<br />
(signature)</td>
<td><p>The result of a cryptographic transformation of data that, when
properly implemented with supporting infrastructure and policy, provides
the services of:</p>
<p>1. origin authentication</p>
<p>2. data integrity, and</p>
<p>3. signer non-repudiation.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digital Signature Algorithm</td>
<td>A cryptographic algorithm used for digital signature.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encryption</td>
<td>The process of changing plaintext into ciphertext using a
cryptographic algorithm and key.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hashing algorithm (or hash algorithm, hash function)</td>
<td><p>An algorithm that maps a bit string of arbitrary length to a
fixed length bit string. Approved hashing algorithms satisfy the
following properties:</p>
<p>1. (One-way) It is computationally infeasible to find any input
that</p>
<p>maps to any pre-specified output, and</p>
<p>2. (Collision resistant) It is computationally infeasible to find any
two distinct inputs that map to the same output.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Integrity</td>
<td>The property that sensitive data has not been modified or deleted in
an unauthorized and undetected manner.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key derivation<br />
(derivation)</td>
<td><p>A function in the lifecycle of keying material; the process by
which one or more keys are derived from:</p>
<p>1) Either a shared secret from a key agreement computation or a
pre-shared cryptographic key, and</p>
<p>2) Other information.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key management</td>
<td>The activities involving the handling of cryptographic keys and
other related security parameters (e.g., IVs and passwords) during the
entire life cycle of the keys, including their generation, storage,
establishment, entry and output, and destruction.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key wrapping<br />
(wrapping)</td>
<td>A method of encrypting and/or MACing/signing keys.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Message Authentication Code (MAC)</td>
<td>A cryptographic checksum on data that uses a symmetric key to detect
both accidental and intentional modifications of data.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PGP Key</td>
<td>A RFC 4880-compliant container of cryptographic keys and associated
metadata. Usually text-based (in PGP-parlance, ASCII-armored).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private key</td>
<td><p>A cryptographic key used with a public key cryptographic
algorithm that is uniquely associated with an entity and is not made
public. The private key is associated with a public key. Depending on
the algorithm, the private key MAY be used to:</p>
<p>1. Compute the corresponding public key,</p>
<p>2. Compute a digital signature that can be verified by the
corresponding public key,</p>
<p>3. Decrypt data that was encrypted by the corresponding public key,
or</p>
<p>4. Compute a piece of common shared data, together with other
information.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Profile</td>
<td>A specification of objects, attributes, operations, message elements
and authentication methods to be used in specific contexts of key
management server and client interactions (see <a
href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public key</td>
<td><p>A cryptographic key used with a public key cryptographic
algorithm that is uniquely associated with an entity and that MAY be
made public. The public key is associated with a private key. The public
key MAY be known by anyone and, depending on the algorithm, MAY be used
to:</p>
<p>1. Verify a digital signature that is signed by the corresponding
private key,</p>
<p>2. Encrypt data that can be decrypted by the corresponding private
key, or</p>
<p>3. Compute a piece of shared data.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public key certificate<br />
(certificate)</td>
<td>A set of data that uniquely identifies an entity, contains the
entity's public key and possibly other information, and is digitally
signed by a trusted party, thereby binding the public key to the
entity.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public key cryptographic algorithm</td>
<td>A cryptographic algorithm that uses two related keys, a public key
and a private key. The two keys have the property that determining the
private key from the public key is computationally infeasible.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key Infrastructure</td>
<td>A framework that is established to issue, maintain and revoke public
key certificates.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Recover</td>
<td>To retrieve information that was archived to long-term storage.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key</td>
<td>A process by which a cryptographic key is split into <em>n</em>
multiple key components, individually providing no knowledge of the
original key, which can be subsequently combined to recreate the
original cryptographic key. If knowledge of <em>k</em> (where <em>k</em>
is less than or equal to <em>n</em>) components is necessary to
construct the original key, then knowledge of any <em>k</em>-1 key
components provides no information about the original key other than,
possibly, its length.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Symmetric key</td>
<td>A single cryptographic key that is used with a secret (symmetric)
key algorithm.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Symmetric key algorithm</td>
<td>A cryptographic algorithm that uses the same secret (symmetric) key
for an operation and its inverse (e.g., encryption and decryption).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 certificate</td>
<td>The ISO/ITU-T X.509 standard defined two types of certificates – the
X.509 public key certificate, and the X.509 attribute certificate. Most
commonly (including this document), an X.509 certificate refers to the
X.509 public key certificate.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 public key certificate</td>
<td>The public key for a user (or device) and a name for the user (or
device), together with some other information, rendered un-forgeable by
the digital signature of the certification authority that issued the
certificate, encoded in the format defined in the ISO/ITU-T X.509
standard.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="normative-references">Normative References</h2>
<p><span id="ECC_Brainpool"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[CHACHA]</strong> D. J. Bernstein. ChaCha,
a variant of Salsa20. <a
href="https://cr.yp.to/chacha/chacha-20080128.pdf">https://cr.yp.to/chacha/chacha-20080128.pdf</a></p>
<p><strong>[ECC-Brainpool]</strong> <em>ECC Brainpool Standard Curves
and Curve Generation v. 1.0.19.10.2005</em>, <a
href="http://www.ecc-brainpool.org/download/Domain-parameters.pdf">http://www.ecc-brainpool.org/download/Domain-parameters.pdf</a><strong>.</strong></p>
<p><strong>[FIPS180-4]</strong> <em>Secure Hash Standard (SHS)</em>,
FIPS PUB 186-4, March 2012,
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips18-4/fips-180-4.pdf.</p>
<p><span id="FIPS186_4"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong> <em>Digital Signature
Standard (DSS)</em>, FIPS PUB 186-4, July 2013, <a
href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.186-4.pdf">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.186-4.pdf</a>.</p>
<p><span id="FIPS197" class="anchor"></span><strong>[FIPS197]</strong>
<em>Advanced Encryption Standard</em>, FIPS PUB 197, November 2001, <a
href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf</a>.</p>
<p><span id="FIPS198_1"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[FIPS198-1]</strong> <em>The Keyed-Hash
Message Authentication Code (HMAC)</em>, FIPS PUB 198-1, July 2008, <a
href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips198-1/FIPS-198-1_final.pdf">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips198-1/FIPS-198-1_final.pdf</a>.</p>
<p><span id="IEEE1003_1"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[FIPS202]</strong> SHA-3 Standard:
Permutation-Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions, August 2015. <a
href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.202.pdf">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.202.pdf</a></p>
<p><strong>[IEEE1003-1]</strong> IEEE Std 1003.1, <em>Standard for
information technology - portable operating system interface (POSIX).
Shell and utilities</em>, 2004.</p>
<p><strong>[ISO16609]</strong> ISO, <em>Banking -- Requirements for
message authentication using symmetric techniques</em>, ISO 16609,
2012.</p>
<p><strong>[ISO9797-1]</strong> ISO/IEC, <em>Information technology --
Security techniques -- Message Authentication Codes (MACs) -- Part 1:
Mechanisms using a block cipher</em>, ISO/IEC 9797-1, 2011.</p>
<p><span id="_Toc241997046"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong> <em>Key Management
Interoperability Protocol Profiles Version 1.4.</em> Edited by Tim
Hudson and Robert Lockhart. Latest version: <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/profiles/v1.4/kmip-profiles-v1.4.html</a>.</p>
<p><span id="PKCS1" class="anchor"></span><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong> RSA
Laboratories, <em>PKCS #1 v2.1: RSA Cryptography Standard</em>, June 14,
2002, <a
href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-rsa-cryptography-standard.htm">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-rsa-cryptography-standard.htm</a>.</p>
<p><span id="PKCS5" class="anchor"></span><strong>[PKCS#5]</strong> RSA
Laboratories, <em>PKCS #5 v2.1: Password-Based Cryptography
Standard</em>, October 5, 2006, <a
href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-5-password-based-cryptography-standard.htm">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-5-password-based-cryptography-standard.htm</a>.</p>
<p><strong>[PKCS#8]</strong> RSA Laboratories, <em>PKCS#8 v1.2:
Private-Key Information Syntax Standard</em>, November 1, 1993, <a
href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-8-private-key-information-syntax-stand.htm">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs-8-private-key-information-syntax-stand.htm</a>.</p>
<p><strong>[PKCS#10]</strong> RSA Laboratories, <em>PKCS #10 v1.7:
Certification Request Syntax Standard</em>, May 26, 2000, <a
href="http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs10-certification-request-syntax-standard.htm">http://www.preserveitall.org/emc-plus/rsa-labs/standards-initiatives/pkcs10-certification-request-syntax-standard.htm</a>.</p>
<p><strong>[POLY1305]</strong> Daniel J. Bernstein. The Poly1305-AES
Message-Authentication Code. In Henri Gilbert and Helena Handschuh,
editors, Fast Software Encryption: 12th International Workshop, FSE
2005, Paris, France, February 21-23, 2005, Revised Selected Papers,
volume 3557 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 32–49. Springer,
2005.</p>
<p><strong>[RFC1319]</strong> B. Kaliski, <em>The MD2 Message-Digest
Algorithm</em>, IETF RFC 1319, Apr 1992, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1319.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1319.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC1320" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC1320]</strong>
R. Rivest, <em>The MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm</em>, IETF RFC 1320,
April 1992, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1320.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1320.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC1321" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC1321]</strong>
R. Rivest, <em>The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm</em>, IETF RFC 1321,
April 1992, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC1421" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC1421]</strong>
J. Linn, <em>Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail:</em>
<em>Part I: Message Encryption and Authentication Procedures</em>, IETF
RFC 1421, February 1993, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1421.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1421.txt</a>.</p>
<p><strong>[RFC1424]</strong> B. Kaliski, <em>Privacy Enhancement for
Internet Electronic Mail: Part IV: Key Certification and Related
Services</em>, IETF RFC 1424, Feb 1993, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1424.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1424.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC2104" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC2104]</strong>
H. Krawczyk, M. Bellare, R. Canetti, <em>HMAC: Keyed-Hashing for Message
Authentication</em>, IETF RFC 2104, February 1997, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2104.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2104.txt</a>.</p>
<p><strong>[</strong><span id="RFC2119"
class="anchor"></span><strong>RFC2119]</strong> Bradner, S., “Key words
for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels”, BCP 14, RFC 2119, March
1997. <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC2898" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC2898]</strong>
B. Kaliski, <em>PKCS #5: Password-Based Cryptography Specification
Version 2.0</em>, IETF RFC 2898, September 2000, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2898.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2898.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC2986" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC2986]</strong>
M. Nystrom and B. Kaliski, <em>PKCS #10: Certification Request Syntax
Specification Version 1.7</em>, IETF RFC2986, November 2000, <a
href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2986.txt">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2986.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC3447" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC3447]</strong>
J. Jonsson, B. Kaliski, <em>Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1:
RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.1</em>, IETF RFC 3447, Feb
2003, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3447.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3447.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC3629" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC3629]</strong>
F. Yergeau, <em>UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646</em>, IETF
RFC 3629, November 2003, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC3686" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC3686]</strong>
R. Housley, <em>Using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Counter Mode
with IPsec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), IETF RFC 3686,</em>
January 2004, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3686.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3686.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC4210" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC4210]</strong>
C. Adams, S. Farrell, T. Kause and T. Mononen, <em>Internet X.509 Public
Key Infrastructure Certificate Management Protocol (CMP)</em>, IETF RFC
4210, September 2005, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4210.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4210.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC4211" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC4211]</strong>
J. Schaad<em>, Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate
Request Message Format (CRMF),</em> IETF RFC 4211, September 2005, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4211.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4211.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC4880" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC4880]</strong>
J. Callas, L. Donnerhacke, H. Finney, D. Shaw, and R. Thayer,
<em>OpenPGP Message Format</em>, IETF RFC 4880, November 2007, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4880.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4880.txt</a>.</p>
<p><strong>[RFC4949]</strong> R. Shirey, <em>Internet Security Glossary,
Version 2</em>, IETF RFC 4949, August 2007, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4949.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4949.txt</a>.</p>
<p><strong>[RFC5958]</strong> S. Turner, <em>Asymmetric Key
Packages</em>, IETF RFC5958, August 2010, <a
href="https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5958.txt">https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5958.txt</a></p>
<p><span id="RFC5272" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC5272]</strong>
J. Schaad and M. Meyers, <em>Certificate Management over CMS (CMC)</em>,
IETF RFC 5272, June 2008, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5272.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5272.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC5280" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC5280]</strong>
D. Cooper, S. Santesson, S. Farrell, S. Boeyen, R. Housley, W. Polk<em>,
Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate</em>, IETF RFC
5280, May 2008, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC5639" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC5639]</strong>
M. Lochter, J. Merkle, <em>Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Brainpool
Standard Curves and Curve Generation</em>, IETF RFC 5639, March 2010, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5639.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5639.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="RFC6402" class="anchor"></span><strong>[RFC6402]</strong>
J. Schaad, <em>Certificate Management over CMS (CMC) Updates</em>, IETF
RFC6402, November 2011, <a
href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6402.txt">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6402.txt</a>.</p>
<p><strong>[RFC6818]</strong> P. Yee, <em>Updates to the Internet X.509
Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
(CRL) Profile</em>, IETF RFC6818, January 2013, <a
href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6818.txt">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6818.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="SEC2" class="anchor"></span><strong>[SEC2]</strong> SEC 2:
Recommended Elliptic Curve Domain Parameters,<a
href="http://www.secg.org/SEC2-Ver-1.0.pdf">http://www.secg.org/SEC2-Ver-1.0.pdf</a><strong>.</strong></p>
<p><span id="SP800_38A"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong> M. Dworkin,
<em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation – Methods and
Techniques</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38A, December 2001, <a
href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38a.pdf">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38a.pdf</a></p>
<p><span id="SP800_38B"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-38B]</strong> M. Dworkin,
<em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: The CMAC Mode
for Authentication</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38B, May 2005,
updated June 2016, <a
href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38b.pdf">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38b.pdf</a></p>
<p><span id="SP800_38C"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-38C]</strong> M. Dworkin,
<em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: the CCM Mode for
Authentication and Confidentiality</em>, NIST Special Publication
800-38C, May 2004, updated July 2007 <a
href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38c.pdf">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38c.pdf</a></p>
<p><span id="SP800_38D"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong> M. Dworkin,
<em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Galois/Counter
Mode (GCM) and GMAC</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-38D, Nov 2007, <a
href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38d.pdf">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38d.pdf</a>.</p>
<p><span id="SP800_38E"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-38E]</strong> M. Dworkin,
<em>Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: The XTS-AES Mode
for Confidentiality on Block-Oriented Storage Devices</em>, NIST Special
Publication 800-38E, January 2010, <a
href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38e.pdf">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38e.pdf</a><strong>.</strong></p>
<p><span id="SP800_56A"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong> E. Barker, L. Chen,
A. Roginsky and M. Smid, <em>Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key
Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography</em>, NIST
Special Publication 800-56A Revision 2, May 2013, <a
href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar2.pdfhttp:/nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar2.pdf">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar2.pdf</a>.</p>
<p><span id="SP800_57_1"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-57-1]</strong> E. Barker, W.
Barker, W. Burr, W. Polk, and M. Smid, <em>Recommendations for Key
Management - Part 1: General (Revision 3),</em> NIST Special Publication
800-57 Part 1 Revision 3, July 2012, <a
href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-57/sp800-57_part1_rev3_general.pdf">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-57/sp800-57_part1_rev3_general.pdf</a>.</p>
<p><span id="SP800_108"
class="anchor"></span><strong>[SP800-108]</strong> L. Chen,
<em>Recommendation for Key Derivation Using Pseudorandom Functions
(Revised)</em>, NIST Special Publication 800-108, Oct 2009, <a
href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-108.pdf">http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-108.pdf</a><strong>.</strong></p>
<p><strong>[X.509]</strong> International Telecommunication Union
(ITU)–T, X.509: Information technology – Open systems interconnection –
The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks, November
2008, <a
href="http://www.itu.int/rec/recommendation.asp?lang=en&amp;parent=T-REC-X.509-200811-1">http://www.itu.int/rec/recommendation.asp?lang=en&amp;parent=T-REC-X.509-200811-1</a>.</p>
<p><strong>[X9.24-1]</strong> ANSI, <em>X9.24 - Retail Financial
Services Symmetric Key Management - Part 1: Using Symmetric
Techniques</em>, 2009.</p>
<p><strong>[X9.31]</strong> ANSI, <em>X9.31: Digital Signatures Using
Reversible Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry
(rDSA)</em>, September 1998.</p>
<p><span id="X9_42" class="anchor"></span><strong>[X9.42]</strong> ANSI,
<em>X9.42: Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry:
Agreement of Symmetric Keys Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography</em>,
2003.</p>
<p><span id="X9_62" class="anchor"></span><strong>[X9.62]</strong> ANSI,
<em>X9.62: Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry,
The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)</em>, 2005.</p>
<p><span id="X9_63" class="anchor"></span><strong>[X9.63]</strong> ANSI,
<em>X9.63: Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry,
Key Agreement and Key Transport Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography</em>,
2011.</p>
<p><strong>[X9.102]</strong> ANSI, <em>X9.102: Symmetric Key
Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry - Wrapping of Keys and
Associated Data</em>, 2008.</p>
<p><span id="TR31" class="anchor"></span><strong>[X9 TR-31]</strong>
ANSI, <em>X9 TR-31: Interoperable Secure Key Exchange Key Block
Specification for Symmetric Algorithms</em>, 2010.</p>
<h2 id="non-normative-references">Non-Normative References</h2>
<p><span id="ISOIEC_99452" class="anchor"></span><strong>[ISO/IEC
9945-2]</strong> The Open Group, <em>Regular Expressions, The Single
UNIX Specification version 2</em>, 1997, ISO/IEC 9945-2:1993, <a
href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/xbd/re.html">http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/xbd/re.html</a>.</p>
<p><span id="KMIP_UG" class="anchor"></span><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong>
<em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Usage Guide Version
1.4.</em> Edited by Judith Furlong. Latest version: <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/ug/v1.4/kmip-ug-v1.4.html</a>.</p>
<p><span id="KMIP_TC" class="anchor"></span><strong>[KMIP-TC]</strong>
<em>Key Management Interoperability Protocol Test Cases Version
1.4.</em> Edited by Tim Hudson and Mark Joseph. Latest version: <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/kmip/testcases/v1.4/kmip-testcases-v1.4.html</a>.</p>
<p><strong>[RFC6151]</strong> S. Turner and L. Chen, <em>Updated
Security Considerations for the MD5 Message-Digest and the HMAC-MD5
Algorithms</em>, IETF RFC6151, March 2011, <a
href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6151.txt">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6151.txt</a>.</p>
<p><span id="w1979" class="anchor"></span><strong>[w1979]</strong> A.
Shamir, <em>How to share a secret</em>, Communications of the ACM, vol.
22, no. 11, pp. 612-613, November 1979.</p>
<p><strong>[RFC7292]</strong> K. Moriarty, M. Nystrom, S. Parkinson, A.
Rusch, M. Scott. <em>PKCS #12: Personal Information Exchange Syntax
v1.1, July 2014,</em> <a
href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7292">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7292</a></p>
<h1 id="objects">Objects</h1>
<p>The following subsections describe the objects that are passed
between the clients and servers of the key management system. Some of
these object types, called <em>Base Objects</em>, are used only in the
protocol itself, and are not considered Managed Objects. Key management
systems MAY choose to support a subset of the Managed Objects. The
object descriptions refer to the primitive data types of which they are
composed. These primitive data types are (see Section <a
href="#item-value">9.1.1.4</a>):</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Integer</p></li>
<li><p>Long Integer</p></li>
<li><p>Big Integer</p></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><p>Enumeration – choices from a predefined list of values</p></li>
<li><p>Boolean</p></li>
<li><p>Text String – string of characters representing human-readable
text</p></li>
<li><p>Byte String – sequence of unencoded byte values</p></li>
<li><p>Date-Time – date and time, with a granularity of one
second</p></li>
<li><p>Interval – a length of time expressed in seconds</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Structures are composed of ordered lists of primitive data types or
sub-structures.</p>
<h2 id="base-objects">Base Objects</h2>
<p>These objects are used within the messages of the protocol, but are
not objects managed by the key management system. They are components of
Managed Objects.</p>
<h3 id="attribute">Attribute</h3>
<p>An Attribute object is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref236460264">Table 2</a>) used for sending and receiving
Managed Object attributes. The <em>Attribute Name</em> is a text-string
that is used to identify the attribute. The <em>Attribute Index</em> is
an index number assigned by the key management server. The Attribute
Index is used to identify the particular instance. Attribute Indices
SHALL start with 0. The Attribute Index of an attribute SHALL NOT change
when other instances are added or deleted. Single-instance Attributes
(attributes which an object MAY only have at most one instance thereof)
SHALL have an Attribute Index of 0. The <em>Attribute Value</em> is
either a primitive data type or structured object, depending on the
attribute.</p>
<p>When an Attribute structure is used to specify or return a particular
instance of an Attribute and the Attribute Index is not specified it
SHALL be assumed to be 0.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Attribute Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attribute Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attribute Index</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attribute Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Varies, depending on attribute. See Section <a
href="#attributes">3</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, except for the Notify operation (see Section <a
href="#notify">5.1</a>)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="credential">Credential </h3>
<p>A <em>Credential</em> is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref236460416">Table 3</a>) used for client identification
purposes and is not managed by the key management system (e.g., user
id/password pairs, Kerberos tokens, etc.). It MAY be used for
authentication purposes as indicated in <a
href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Credential Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Credential</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Credential Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#credential-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.1</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Credential Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Varies based on Credential Type.</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the Credential Type in the Credential is <em>Username and
Password</em>, then Credential Value is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref256437959">Table 4</a>. The Username field identifies the
client, and the Password field is a secret that authenticates the
client.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Credential Value Structure for the Username and Password
Credential</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Credential Value</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Username</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Password</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the Credential Type in the Credential is <em>Device</em>, then
Credential Value is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref297819925">Table 5</a>. One or a combination of the
<em>Device Serial Number</em>, <em>Network Identifier</em>, <em>Machine
Identifier</em>, and <em>Media Identifier</em> SHALL be unique. Server
implementations MAY enforce policies on uniqueness for individual
fields. A shared secret or password MAY also be used to authenticate the
client. The client SHALL provide at least one field.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Credential Value Structure for the Device
Credential</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Credential Value</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Device Serial Number</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Password</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Device Identifier</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Network Identifier</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Machine Identifier</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Media Identifier</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the Credential Type in the Credential is <em>Attestation</em>,
then Credential Value is a structure as shown in Table 6. The <em>Nonce
Value</em> is obtained from the key management server in a Nonce Object.
The Attestation Credential Object can contain a measurement from the
client or an assertion from a third party if the server is not capable
or willing to verify the attestation data from the client. Neither type
of attestation data (<em>Attestation Measurement</em> or <em>Attestation
Assertion</em>) is necessary to allow the server to accept either.
However, the client SHALL provide attestation data in either the
<em>Attestation Measurement</em> or <em>Attestation Assertion</em>
fields.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Credential Value Structure for the Attestation
Credential</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Credential Value</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Nonce</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#nonce">2.1.14</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attestation Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#attestation-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.36</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attestation Measurement</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attestation Assertion</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="key-block">Key Block</h3>
<p>A <em>Key Block</em> object is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref236460584">Table 7</a>) used to encapsulate all of the
information that is closely associated with a cryptographic key. It
contains a Key Value of one of the following <em>Key Format
Types</em>:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Raw</em> – This is a key that contains only cryptographic key
material, encoded as a string of bytes.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Opaque</em> – This is an encoded key for which the encoding
is unknown to the key management system. It is encoded as a string of
bytes.</p></li>
<li><p><em>PKCS1</em> – This is an encoded private key, expressed as a
DER-encoded ASN.1 PKCS#1 object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>PKCS8</em> – This is an encoded private key, expressed as a
DER-encoded ASN.1 PKCS#8 object, supporting both the RSAPrivateKey
syntax and EncryptedPrivateKey.</p></li>
<li><p><em>X</em>.509 – This is an encoded object, expressed as a
DER-encoded ASN.1 X.509 object.</p></li>
<li><p>ECPrivateKey – This is an ASN.1 encoded elliptic curve private
key.</p></li>
<li><p>Several <em>Transparent Key</em> types – These are
algorithm-specific structures containing defined values for the various
key types, as defined in Section <a
href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Extensions</em> – These are vendor-specific extensions to
allow for proprietary or legacy key formats.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The Key Block MAY contain the Key Compression Type, which indicates
the format of the elliptic curve public key. By default, the public key
is uncompressed.</p>
<p>The Key Block also has the Cryptographic Algorithm and the
Cryptographic Length of the key contained in the Key Value field. Some
example values are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>RSA keys are typically 1024, 2048 or 3072 bits in
length.</p></li>
<li><p>3DES keys are typically from 112 to 192 bits (depending upon key
length and the presence of parity bits).</p></li>
<li><p>AES keys are 128, 192 or 256 bits in length.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The Key Block SHALL contain a Key Wrapping Data structure if the key
in the Key Value field is wrapped (i.e., encrypted, or MACed/signed, or
both).</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Key Block Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Block</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Format Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Compression Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#key-compression-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.2</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String: for wrapped Key Value; Structure: for plaintext Key
Value, see <a href="#key-value">2.1.4</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Cryptographic Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.13</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes. MAY be omitted only if this information is available from the
Key Value. Does not apply to Secret Data (see Section <a
href="#secret-data">2.2.7</a>) or Opaque Objects (see Section <a
href="#opaque-object">2.2.8</a>). If present, the Cryptographic Length
SHALL also be present.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Cryptographic Length</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes. MAY be omitted only if this information is available from the
Key Value. Does not apply to Secret Data (see Section <a
href="#secret-data">2.2.7</a>) or Opaque Objects (see Section <a
href="#opaque-object">2.2.8</a>). If present, the Cryptographic
Algorithm SHALL also be present.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Wrapping Data</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No. SHALL only be present if the key is wrapped.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="key-value">Key Value</h3>
<p>The <em>Key Value</em> is used only inside a Key Block and is either
a Byte String or a structure (see <a href="#_Ref236464567">Table
8</a>):</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The Key Value structure contains the key material, either as a
byte string or as a Transparent Key structure (see Section <a
href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a>), and OPTIONAL attribute
information that is associated and encapsulated with the key material.
This attribute information differs from the attributes associated with
Managed Objects, and is obtained via the Get Attributes operation, only
by the fact that it is encapsulated with (and possibly wrapped with) the
key material itself.</p></li>
<li><p>The Key Value Byte String is either the wrapped TTLV-encoded (see
Section <a href="#ttlv-encoding">9.1</a>) Key Value structure, or the
wrapped un-encoded value of the Byte String Key Material field.</p></li>
</ul>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Key Value Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Value</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Material</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String: for Raw, Opaque, PKCS1, PKCS8, ECPrivateKey, or
Extension Key Format types;</p>
<p>Structure: for Transparent, or Extension Key Format Types</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attribute</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attribute Object, see Section <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No. MAY be repeated</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="key-wrapping-data">Key Wrapping Data</h3>
<p>The Key Block MAY also supply OPTIONAL information about a
cryptographic key wrapping mechanism used to wrap the Key Value. This
consists of a <em>Key Wrapping Data</em> structure (see <a
href="#_Ref236464724">Table 9</a>). It is only used inside a Key
Block.</p>
<p>This structure contains fields for:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A <em>Wrapping Method</em>, which indicates the method used to
wrap the Key Value<em>.</em></p></li>
<li><p><em>Encryption Key Information,</em> which contains the Unique
Identifier (see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a>) value of the
encryption key and associated cryptographic parameters.</p></li>
<li><p><em>MAC/Signature Key Information,</em> which contains the Unique
Identifier value of the MAC/signature key and associated cryptographic
parameters.</p></li>
<li><p>A <em>MAC/Signature,</em> which contains a MAC or signature of
the Key Value<em>.</em></p></li>
<li><p>An <em>IV/Counter/Nonce,</em> if REQUIRED by the wrapping
method.</p></li>
<li><p>An <em>Encoding Option</em>, specifying the encoding of the Key
Material within the Key Value structure of the Key Block that has been
wrapped. If No Encoding is specified, then the Key Value structure SHALL
NOT contain any attributes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If wrapping is used, then the whole Key Value structure is wrapped
unless otherwise specified by the Wrapping Method. The algorithms used
for wrapping are given by the Cryptographic Algorithm attributes of the
encryption key and/or MAC/signature key; the block-cipher mode, padding
method, and hashing algorithm used for wrapping are given by the
Cryptographic Parameters in the Encryption Key Information and/or
MAC/Signature Key Information, or, if not present, from the
Cryptographic Parameters attribute of the respective key(s). Either the
Encryption Key Information or the MAC/Signature Key Information (or
both) in the Key Wrapping Data structure SHALL be specified.</p>
<p>The following wrapping methods are currently defined:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Encrypt</em> only (i.e., encryption using a symmetric key or
public key, or authenticated encryption algorithms that use a single
key).</p></li>
<li><p><em>MAC/sign</em> only (i.e., either MACing the Key Value with a
symmetric key, or signing the Key Value with a private key).</p></li>
<li><p><em>Encrypt then MAC/sign.</em></p></li>
<li><p><em>MAC/sign then encrypt.</em></p></li>
<li><p><em>TR-31.</em></p></li>
<li><p><em>Extensions.</em></p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>The following encoding options are currently defined:</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p><em>No Encoding</em> (i.e., the wrapped un-encoded value of the
Byte String Key Material field in the Key Value structure).</p></li>
<li><p><em>TTLV Encoding</em> (i.e., the wrapped TTLV-encoded Key Value
structure).</p></li>
</ul>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Key Wrapping Data Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrapping Data</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Wrapping Method</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#wrapping-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.4</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Encryption Key Information</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see below</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No. Corresponds to the key that was used to encrypt the Key
Value.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>MAC/Signature Key Information</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see below</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No. Corresponds to the symmetric key used to MAC the Key Value or
the private key used to sign the Key Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>MAC/Signature</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>IV/Counter/Nonce</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Encoding Option</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#encoding-option-enumeration">9.1.3.2.32</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No. Specifies the encoding of the Key Value Byte String. If not
present, the wrapped Key Value structure SHALL be TTLV encoded.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The structures of the Encryption Key Information (see <a
href="#_Ref236465227">Table 10</a>) and the MAC/Signature Key
Information (see <a href="#_Ref236465243">Table 11</a>) are as
follows:</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Encryption Key Information Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encryption Key Information</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Unique Identifier</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text string, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Cryptographic Parameters</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: MAC/Signature Key Information Object
Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC/Signature Key Information</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Unique Identifier</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text string, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes. It SHALL be either the Unique Identifier of the Symmetric Key
used to MAC, or of the Private Key (or its corresponding Public Key)
used to sign.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Cryptographic Parameters</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="key-wrapping-specification">Key Wrapping Specification</h3>
<p>This is a separate structure (see <a href="#_Ref236465334">Table
12</a>) that is defined for operations that provide the option to return
wrapped keys. The <em>Key Wrapping Specification</em> SHALL be included
inside the operation request if clients request the server to return a
wrapped key. If Cryptographic Parameters are specified in the Encryption
Key Information and/or the MAC/Signature Key Information of the Key
Wrapping Specification, then the server SHALL verify that they match one
of the instances of the Cryptographic Parameters attribute of the
corresponding key. If Cryptographic Parameters are omitted, then the
server SHALL use the Cryptographic Parameters attribute with the lowest
Attribute Index of the corresponding key. If the corresponding key does
not have any Cryptographic Parameters attribute, or if no match is
found, then an error is returned.</p>
<p>This structure contains:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A Wrapping Method that indicates the method used to wrap the Key
Value<em>.</em></p></li>
<li><p>Encryption Key Information with the Unique Identifier value of
the encryption key and associated cryptographic parameters.</p></li>
<li><p>MAC/Signature Key Information with the Unique Identifier value of
the MAC/signature key and associated cryptographic parameters.</p></li>
<li><p>Zero or more Attribute Names to indicate the attributes to be
wrapped with the key material.</p></li>
<li><p>An Encoding Option, specifying the encoding of the Key Value
before wrapping. If No Encoding is specified, then the Key Value SHALL
NOT contain any attributes</p></li>
</ul>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Key Wrapping Specification Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrapping Specification</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Wrapping Method</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#wrapping-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.4</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Encryption Key Information</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, SHALL be present if MAC/Signature Key Information is
omitted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>MAC/Signature Key Information</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, SHALL be present if Encryption Key Information is omitted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attribute Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Encoding Option</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#encoding-option-enumeration">9.1.3.2.32</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No. If Encoding Option is not present, the wrapped Key Value SHALL
be TTLV encoded.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="transparent-key-structures">Transparent Key Structures</h3>
<p><em>Transparent Key</em> structures describe the necessary parameters
to obtain the key material. They are used in the Key Value structure.
The mapping to the parameters specified in other standards is shown in
<a href="#_Ref256500738">Table 13</a>.</p>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Parameter mapping.</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 21%" />
<col style="width: 46%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: center;"><strong>Object</strong></th>
<th style="text-align: center;"><strong>Description</strong></th>
<th style="text-align: center;"><strong>Mapping</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>P</td>
<td><p>For DSA and DH, the (large) prime field order.</p>
<p>For RSA, a prime factor of the modulus.</p></td>
<td><p>p in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a>, <a
href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a
href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></p>
<p>p in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Q</td>
<td><p>For DSA and DH, the (small) prime multiplicative subgroup
order.</p>
<p>For RSA, a prime factor of the modulus.</p></td>
<td><p>q in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a>, <a
href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a
href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></p>
<p>q in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>G</td>
<td>The generator of the subgroup of order Q.</td>
<td>g in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a>, <a
href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a
href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X</td>
<td>DSA or DH private key.</td>
<td><p>x in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p>
<p>x, x<sub>u,</sub> x<sub>v</sub> in <a
href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a
href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for static private
keys</p>
<p>r, r<sub>u,</sub> r<sub>v</sub> in <a
href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a
href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for ephemeral private
keys</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Y</td>
<td>DSA or DH public key.</td>
<td><p>y in <a href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></p>
<p>y, y<sub>u,</sub> y<sub>v</sub> in <a
href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a
href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for static public
keys</p>
<p>t, t<sub>u,</sub> t<sub>v</sub> in <a
href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a>, <a
href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a> for ephemeral public
keys</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>J</td>
<td>DH cofactor integer, where P = JQ + 1.</td>
<td>j in <a href="#X9_42"><strong>[X9.42]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modulus</td>
<td>RSA modulus PQ, where P and Q are distinct primes.</td>
<td>n in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Exponent</td>
<td>RSA private exponent.</td>
<td>d in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Exponent</td>
<td>RSA public exponent.</td>
<td>e in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prime Exponent P</td>
<td>RSA private exponent for the prime factor P in the CRT format, i.e.,
Private Exponent (mod (P-1)).</td>
<td>dP in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prime Exponent Q</td>
<td>RSA private exponent for the prime factor Q in the CRT format, i.e.,
Private Exponent (mod (Q-1)).</td>
<td>dQ in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CRT Coefficient</td>
<td>The (first) CRT coefficient, i.e., Q<sup>-1</sup> mod P.</td>
<td>qInv in <a href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>, <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Recommended Curve</td>
<td>NIST Recommended Curves (e.g., P-192).</td>
<td>See Appendix D of <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>D</td>
<td>Elliptic curve private key.</td>
<td>d; d<sub>e,U</sub>,d<sub>e,V</sub> (ephemeral private keys);
d<sub>s,U</sub>,d<sub>s,V</sub> (static private keys) in <a
href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a>, <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Q String</td>
<td>Elliptic curve public key.</td>
<td>Q; Q<sub>e,U</sub>,Q<sub>e,V</sub> (ephemeral public keys);
Q<sub>s,U</sub>,Q<sub>s,V</sub> (static public keys) in <a
href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a>, <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-symmetric-key">Transparent Symmetric Key</h4>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent Symmetric
Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref236465422">Table 14</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent Symmetric
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-dsa-private-key">Transparent DSA Private Key</h4>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DSA
Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref239144564">Table 15</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DSA Private
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>P</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Q</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>G</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>X</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-dsa-public-key">Transparent DSA Public Key</h4>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DSA Public
Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref239144580">Table 16</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DSA Public
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>P</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Q</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>G</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Y</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-rsa-private-key">Transparent RSA Private Key</h4>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent RSA
Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref239144599">Table 17</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent RSA Private
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Modulus</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Private Exponent</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Public Exponent</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>P</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Q</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Prime Exponent P</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Prime Exponent Q</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>CRT Coefficient</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>One of the following SHALL be present (refer to <a
href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a>):</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Private Exponent,</p></li>
<li><p>P and Q (the first two prime factors of Modulus), or</p></li>
<li><p>Prime Exponent P and Prime Exponent Q.</p></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="transparent-rsa-public-key">Transparent RSA Public Key</h4>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent RSA Public
Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref239144614">Table 18</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent RSA Public
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Modulus</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Public Exponent</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-dh-private-key">Transparent DH Private Key</h4>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DH Private
Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref239144630">Table 19</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DH Private
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>P</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Q</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>G</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>J</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>X</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-dh-public-key">Transparent DH Public Key</h4>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent DH Public
Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref239144645">Table 20</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent DH Public
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>P</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Q</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>G</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>J</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Y</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecdsa-private-key">Transparent ECDSA Private
Key</h4>
<p>The Transparent ECDSA Private Key structure is deprecated as of
version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent
versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Private Key structure
SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDSA
Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref239144657">Table 21</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDSA
Private Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Recommended Curve</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>D</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecdsa-public-key">Transparent ECDSA Public Key</h4>
<p>The Transparent ECDSA Public Key structure is deprecated as of
version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent
versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Public Key structure
SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDSA
Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref239144670">Table 22</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDSA Public
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Recommended Curve</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Q String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecdh-private-key">Transparent ECDH Private Key</h4>
<p>The Transparent ECDH Private Key structure is deprecated as of
version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent
versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Private Key structure
SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDH
Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref239144681">Table 23</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDH Private
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Recommended Curve</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>D</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecdh-public-key">Transparent ECDH Public Key</h4>
<p>The Transparent ECDH Public Key structure is deprecated as of version
1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of
the specification. The Transparent EC Public Key structure SHOULD be
used as a replacement.</p>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECDH
Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref239144693">Table 24</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECDH Public
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Recommended Curve</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Q String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecmqv-private-key">Transparent ECMQV Private
Key</h4>
<p>The Transparent ECMQV Private Key structure is deprecated as of
version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent
versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Private Key structure
SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECMQV
Private Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref241596456">Table 25</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECMQV
Private Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Recommended Curve</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>D</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ecmqv-public-key">Transparent ECMQV Public Key</h4>
<p>The Transparent ECMQV Public Key structure is deprecated as of
version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent
versions of the specification. The Transparent EC Public Key structure
SHOULD be used as a replacement.</p>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent ECMQV
Public Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref241596478">Table 26</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent ECMQV Public
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Recommended Curve</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Q String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ec-private-key">Transparent EC Private Key</h4>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent EC Private
Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref387945532">Table 27</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent EC Private
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Recommended Curve</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>D</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="transparent-ec-public-key">Transparent EC Public Key</h4>
<p>If the Key Format Type in the Key Block is <em>Transparent EC Public
Key</em>, then Key Material is a structure as shown in <a
href="#_Ref387945531">Table 28</a>.</p>
<table style="width:79%;">
<caption><p>: Key Material Object Structure for Transparent EC Public
Keys</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Recommended Curve</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Q String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="template-attribute-structures">Template-Attribute
Structures</h3>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a <em>Name</em> within a
<em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</p>
<p>These structures are used in various operations to provide the
desired attribute values and/or template names in the request and to
return the actual attribute values in the response.</p>
<p>The <em>Template-Attribute</em>, <em>Common Template-Attribute</em>,
<em>Private Key Template-Attribute,</em> and <em>Public Key
Template-Attribute</em> structures are defined identically as
follows:</p>
<table style="width:85%;">
<caption><p>: Template-Attribute Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>Template-Attribute,</p>
<p>Common Template-Attribute, Private Key Template-Attribute,</p>
<p>Public Key Template-Attribute</p></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#name">3.2</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated. (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attribute</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attribute Object, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Name is the Name attribute of the Template object defined in Section
<a href="#template"><em>2.2.6</em></a>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-information">Extension Information</h3>
<p>An <em>Extension Information</em> object is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref297814968">Table 30</a>) describing Objects with Item Tag
values in the Extensions range. The Extension Name is a Text String that
is used to name the Object (first column of <a
href="#_Ref297913892">Table 288</a>). The Extension Tag is the Item Tag
Value of the Object (see <a href="#_Ref297913892">Table 288</a>). The
Extension Type is the Item Type Value of the Object (see <a
href="#_Ref297913935">Table 286</a>).</p>
<table style="width:85%;">
<caption><p>: Extension Information Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Information</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Extension Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Extension Tag</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Extension Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="data">Data</h3>
<p>The <em>Data</em> object is used in requests and responses in
cryptographic operations that pass data between the client and the
server.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Data Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Byte String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="data-length">Data Length</h3>
<p>The <em>Data Length</em> is used in requests in cryptographic
operations to indicate the amount of data expected in a response.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Data Length Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data Length</td>
<td>Integer</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="signature-data">Signature Data</h3>
<p>The <em>Signature Data</em> is used in requests and responses in
cryptographic operations that pass signature data between the client and
the server.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Signature Data Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Signature Data</td>
<td>Byte String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="mac-data">MAC Data</h3>
<p>The <em>MAC Data</em> is used in requests and responses in
cryptographic operations that pass MAC data between the client and the
server.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: MAC Data Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC Data</td>
<td>Byte String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="nonce">Nonce</h3>
<p>A <em>Nonce</em> object is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref238285444">Table 35</a>) used by the server to send a random
value to the client. The Nonce Identifier is assigned by the server and
used to identify the Nonce object. The Nonce Value consists of the
random data created by the server.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Nonce Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nonce</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Nonce ID</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Nonce Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="correlation-value">Correlation Value</h3>
<p>The <em>Correlation Value</em> is used in requests and responses in
cryptographic operations that support multi-part (streaming) operations.
This is generated by the server and returned in the first response to an
operation that is being performed across multiple requests. Note: the
server decides which operations are supported for multi-part usage. A
server-generated correlation value SHALL be specified in any subsequent
cryptographic operations that pertain to the original operation.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Correlation Value Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value</td>
<td>Byte String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="init-indicator">Init Indicator</h3>
<p>The <em>Init Indicator</em> is used in requests in cryptographic
operations that support multi-part (streaming) operations. This is
provided in the first request with a value of True to an operation that
is being performed across multiple requests.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Init Indicator Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Init Indicator</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="final-indicator">Final Indicator</h3>
<p>The <em>Final Indicator</em> is used in requests in cryptographic
operations that support multi-part (streaming) operations. This is
provided in the final (last) request with a value of True to an
operation that is being performed across multiple requests.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Final Indicator Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final Indicator</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="rng-parameters">RNG Parameters</h3>
<p>The <em>RNG Parameters</em> base object is a structure that contains
a mandatory RNG Algorithm and a set of OPTIONAL fields that describe a
Random Number Generator. Specific fields pertain only to certain types
of RNGs.</p>
<p>The RNG Algorithm SHALL be specified and if the algorithm implemented
is unknown or the implementation does not want to provide the specific
details of the RNG Algorithm then the Unspecified enumeration SHALL be
used.</p>
<p>If the cryptographic building blocks used within the RNG are known
they MAY be specified in combination of the remaining fields within the
RNG Parameters structure.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: RNG Parameters Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RNG Parameters</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>RNG Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#rng-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.37</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Cryptographic Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.13</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Cryptographic Length</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Hashing Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.16</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>DRBG Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#drbg-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.38</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Recommended Curve</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.5</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>FIPS186 Variation</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#fips186-variation-enumeration">9.1.3.2.39</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Prediction Resistance</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Boolean</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="profile-information">Profile Information</h3>
<p>The <em>Profile Information</em> base object is a structure that
contains details of the supported profiles. Specific fields MAY pertain
only to certain types of profiles.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Profile Information Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Profile Information</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Profile Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#profile-name-enumeration">9.1.3.2.42</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Server URI</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Server Port</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="validation-information">Validation Information</h3>
<p>The <em>Validation Information</em> base object is a structure that
contains details of a formal validation. Specific fields MAY pertain
only to certain types of validations.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Validation Information Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Information</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Authority Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#validation-authority-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.40</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Authority Country</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Authority URI</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Version Major</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Version Minor</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a href="#_Ref409722790">0</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Level</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Certificate Identifier</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Certificate URI</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Vendor URI</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Validation Profile</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String (MAY be repeated)</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The Validation Authority along with the Validation Version Major,
Validation Type and Validation Level SHALL be provided to uniquely
identify a validation for a given validation authority. If the
Validation Certificate URI is not provided the server SHOULD include a
Validation Vendor URI from which information related to the validation
is available.</p>
<p>The Validation Authority Country is the two letter ISO country
code.</p>
<h3 id="capability-information">Capability Information</h3>
<p>The <em>Capability Information</em> base object is a structure that
contains details of the supported capabilities.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Capability Information Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Capability Information</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Streaming Capability</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Boolean</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Asynchronous Capability</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Boolean</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attestation Capability</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Boolean</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Batch Undo Capability</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Boolean</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Batch Continue Capability</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Boolean</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Unwrap Mode</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#unwrap-mode-enumeration">9.1.3.2.43</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Destroy Action</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#destroy-action-enumeration">9.1.3.2.44</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Shredding Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#shredding-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.45</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>RNG Mode</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a href="#rng-mode-enumeration">9.1.3.2.46</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="authenticated-encryption-additional-data">Authenticated
Encryption Additional Data</h3>
<p>The Authenticated Encryption Additional Data object is used in
authenticated encryption and decryption operations that require the
optional additional data to be provided by the client.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authenticated Encryption Additional Data</td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="authenticated-encryption-tag">Authenticated Encryption Tag</h3>
<p>The Authenticated Encryption Tag object is used to validate the
integrity of the data encrypted and decrypted in Authenticated
Encryption modes. It is an output from the encryption process and an
input to the decryption process. See <a
href="#SP800_38D"><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong></a>.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>Authenticated Encryption Tag</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authenticated Encryption Tag</td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="managed-objects">Managed Objects</h2>
<p>Managed Objects are objects that are the subjects of key management
operations, which are described in Sections <a
href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a> and <a
href="#server-to-client-operations">5</a>. <em>Managed Cryptographic
Objects</em> are the subset of Managed Objects that contain
cryptographic material (e.g., certificates, keys, and secret data).</p>
<h3 id="certificate">Certificate</h3>
<p>A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a digital certificate. It is a
DER-encoded X.509 public key certificate. The PGP certificate type is
deprecated as of version 1.2 of this specification and MAY be removed
from subsequent versions of the specification. The PGP Key object (see
section <a href="#pgp-key">2.2.9</a>) SHOULD be used instead.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Certificate Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#certificate-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.6</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Certificate Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="symmetric-key">Symmetric Key</h3>
<p>A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a symmetric key.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Symmetric Key Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Symmetric Key</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Block</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#key-block">2.1.3</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="public-key">Public Key</h3>
<p>A Managed Cryptographic Object that is the public portion of an
asymmetric key pair. This is only a public key, not a certificate.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Public Key Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Block</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#key-block">2.1.3</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="private-key">Private Key</h3>
<p>A Managed Cryptographic Object that is the private portion of an
asymmetric key pair.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Private Key Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Block</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#key-block">2.1.3</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="split-key">Split Key</h3>
<p>A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a <em>Split Key</em>. A split
key is a secret, usually a symmetric key or a private key that has been
split into a number of parts, each of which MAY then be distributed to
several key holders, for additional security. The <em>Split Key
Parts</em> field indicates the total number of parts, and the <em>Split
Key Threshold</em> field indicates the minimum number of parts needed to
reconstruct the entire key. The <em>Key Part Identifier</em> indicates
which key part is contained in the cryptographic object, and SHALL be at
least 1 and SHALL be less than or equal to Split Key Parts.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Split Key Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Split Key Parts</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Part Identifier</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Split Key Threshold</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Split Key Method</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#split-key-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.8</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Prime Field Size</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Big Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, REQUIRED only if Split Key Method is Polynomial Sharing Prime
Field.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Block</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#key-block">2.1.3</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>There are three <em>Split Key Methods</em> for secret sharing: the
first one is based on XOR, and the other two are based on polynomial
secret sharing, according to <a
href="#w1979"><strong>[w1979]</strong></a>.</p>
<p>Let <em>L</em> be the minimum number of bits needed to represent all
values of the secret.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>When the Split Key Method is XOR, then the Key Material in the
Key Value of the Key Block is of length <em>L</em> bits. The number of
split keys is Split Key Parts (identical to Split Key Threshold), and
the secret is reconstructed by XORing all of the parts.</p></li>
<li><p>When the Split Key Method is Polynomial Sharing Prime Field, then
secret sharing is performed in the field GF(<em>Prime Field Size</em>),
represented as integers, where Prime Field Size is a prime bigger than
2<em><sup>L</sup></em>.</p></li>
<li><p>When the Split Key Method is Polynomial Sharing
GF(2<sup>16</sup>), then secret sharing is performed in the field
GF(2<sup>16</sup>). The Key Material in the Key Value of the Key Block
is a bit string of length <em>L</em>, and when <em>L</em> is bigger than
2<sup>16</sup>, then secret sharing is applied piecewise in pieces of 16
bits each. The Key Material in the Key Value of the Key Block is the
concatenation of the corresponding shares of all pieces of the
secret.</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Secret sharing is performed in the field GF(2<sup>16</sup>), which is
represented as an algebraic extension of GF(2<sup>8</sup>):</p>
<p>GF(2<sup>16</sup>) ≈ GF(2<sup>8</sup>)
[<em>y</em>]/(<em>y<sup>2</sup>+y+m</em>), where <em>m</em> is defined
later.</p>
<p>An element of this field then consists of a linear combination <em>uy
+ v</em>, where <em>u</em> and <em>v</em> are elements of the smaller
field GF(2<sup>8</sup>).</p>
<p>The representation of field elements and the notation in this section
rely on <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>, Sections 3
and 4. The field GF(2<sup>8</sup>) is as described in <a
href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>,</p>
<p>GF(2<sup>8</sup>) ≈ GF(2)
[<em>x</em>]/(<em>x<sup>8</sup>+x<sup>4</sup>+x<sup>3</sup>+x+</em>1).</p>
<p>An element of GF(2<sup>8</sup>) is represented as a byte. Addition
and subtraction in GF(2<sup>8</sup>) is performed as a bit-wise XOR of
the bytes. Multiplication and inversion are more complex (see <a
href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a> Section 4.1 and 4.2 for
details).</p>
<p>An element of GF(2<sup>16</sup>) is represented as a pair of bytes
(<em>u, v</em>). The element <em>m</em> is given by</p>
<p><em>m</em> =
<em>x<sup>5</sup>+x<sup>4</sup>+x<sup>3</sup>+x,</em></p>
<p>which is represented by the byte 0x3A (or {3A} in notation according
to <a href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>).</p>
<p>Addition and subtraction in GF(2<sup>16</sup>) both correspond to
simply XORing the bytes. The product of two elements <em>ry + s</em> and
<em>uy + v</em> is given by</p>
<p>(<em>ry</em> + <em>s</em>) (<em>uy</em> + <em>v</em>) = ((<em>r</em>
+ <em>s</em>)(<em>u</em> + <em>v</em>) + <em>sv</em>)<em>y</em> +
(<em>ru</em> + <em>svm</em>).</p>
<p>The inverse of an element <em>uy</em> + <em>v</em> is given by</p>
<p>(<em>uy</em> + <em>v</em>)<sup>-1</sup> =
<em>ud</em><sup>-1</sup><em>y</em> + (<em>u</em> +
<em>v</em>)<em>d</em><sup>-1</sup>, where <em>d</em> = (<em>u</em> +
<em>v</em>)<em>v</em> + <em>mu<sup>2</sup>.</em></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="template">Template</h3>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a <em>Template</em>.</p>
<p>A <em>Template</em> is a named Managed Object containing the
client-settable attributes of a Managed Cryptographic Object. A Template
is used to specify the attributes of a new Managed Cryptographic Object
in various operations. Attributes associated with a Managed Object MAY
also be specified in the Template-Attribute structures in the operations
in Section <a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a>.</p>
<p>Attributes specified in a Template apply to any object created that
reference the Template by name using the Name object in any of the
Template-Attribute structures in Section <a
href="#transparent-ec-private-key">2.1.7.14</a>.</p>
<p>The name of a Template (as it is for any Managed Object) is specified
as an Attribute in the Template-Attribute structure in the Register
operation where the Attribute Name is "Name" and the Attribute Value is
the name of the Template Managed Object.</p>
<table style="width:85%;">
<caption><p>: Template Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attribute</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attribute Object, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes. MAY be repeated.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="secret-data">Secret Data</h3>
<p>A Managed Cryptographic Object containing a shared secret value that
is not a key or certificate (e.g., a password). The Key Block of the
<em>Secret Data</em> object contains a Key Value of the Secret Data
Type. The Key Value MAY be wrapped.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Secret Data Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Secret Data</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Secret Data Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#secret-data-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.9</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Block</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#key-block">2.1.3</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="opaque-object">Opaque Object</h3>
<p>A Managed Object that the key management server is possibly not able
to interpret. The context information for this object MAY be stored and
retrieved using Custom Attributes.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Opaque Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Opaque Object</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Opaque Data Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#opaque-data-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.10</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Opaque Data Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="pgp-key">PGP Key</h3>
<p>A Managed Cryptographic Object that is a text-based representation of
a PGP key. The Key Block field, indicated below, will contain the
ASCII-armored export of a PGP key in the format as specified in RFC
4880. It MAY contain only a public key block, or both a public and
private key block. Two different versions of PGP keys, version 3 and
version 4, MAY be stored in this Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<p>KMIP implementers SHOULD treat the Key Block field as an opaque blob.
PGP-aware KMIP clients SHOULD take on the responsibility of decomposing
the Key Block into other Managed Cryptographic Objects (Public Keys,
Private Keys, etc.).</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: PGP Key Object Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PGP Key</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>PGP Key Version</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Block</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#key-block">2.1.3</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="attributes">Attributes </h1>
<p>The following subsections describe the attributes that are associated
with Managed Objects. Attributes that an object MAY have multiple
instances of are referred to as <em>multi-instance attributes</em>. All
instances of an attribute SHOULD have a different value. Similarly,
attributes which an object SHALL only have at most one instance of are
referred to as <em>single-instance attributes</em>. Attributes are able
to be obtained by a client from the server using the Get Attribute
operation. Some attributes are able to be set by the Add Attribute
operation or updated by the Modify Attribute operation, and some are
able to be deleted by the Delete Attribute operation if they no longer
apply to the Managed Object. <em>Read-only attributes</em> are
attributes that SHALL NOT be modified by either server or client, and
that SHALL NOT be deleted by a client.</p>
<p>When attributes are returned by the server (e.g., via a Get
Attributes operation), the attribute value returned MAY differ for
different clients (e.g., the Cryptographic Usage Mask value MAY be
different for different clients, depending on the policy of the
server).</p>
<p>The first table in each subsection contains the attribute name in the
first row. This name is the canonical name used when managing attributes
using the Get Attributes, Get Attribute List, Add Attribute, Modify
Attribute, and Delete Attribute operations.</p>
<p>A server SHALL NOT delete attributes without receiving a request from
a client until the object is destroyed. After an object is destroyed,
the server MAY retain all, some or none of the object attributes,
depending on the object type and server policy.</p>
<p>The second table in each subsection lists certain attribute
characteristics (e.g., “SHALL always have a value”): <a
href="#_Ref242790362">Table 54</a> below explains the meaning of each
characteristic that MAY appear in those tables. The server policy MAY
further restrict these attribute characteristics.</p>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>All Managed Objects that are of the Object Types for which this
attribute applies, SHALL always have this attribute set once the object
has been created or registered, up until the object has been
destroyed.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Who is permitted to initially set the value of the attribute (if the
attribute has never been set, or if all the attribute values have been
deleted)?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Is the server allowed to change an existing value of the attribute
without receiving a request from a client?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Is the client able to change an existing value of the attribute
value once it has been set?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Is the client able to delete an instance of the attribute?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Are multiple instances of the attribute permitted?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Which operations MAY cause this attribute to be set even if the
attribute is not specified in the operation request itself?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Which Managed Objects MAY have this attribute set?</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="unique-identifier">Unique Identifier</h2>
<p>The <em>Unique Identifier</em> is generated by the key management
system to uniquely identify a Managed Object. It is only REQUIRED to be
unique within the identifier space managed by a single key management
system, however this identifier SHOULD be globally unique in order to
allow for a key management domain export of such objects. This attribute
SHALL be assigned by the key management system at creation or
registration time, and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the
object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Unique Identifier Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier</td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Unique Identifier Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="name">Name</h2>
<p>The <em>Name</em> attribute is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref236467588">Table 57</a>) used to identify and locate an
object. This attribute is assigned by the client, and the <em>Name
Value</em> is intended to be in a form that humans are able to
interpret. The key management system MAY specify rules by which the
client creates valid names. Clients are informed of such rules by a
mechanism that is not specified by this standard. Names SHALL be unique
within a given key management domain, but are NOT REQUIRED to be
globally unique.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Name Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Name Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Name Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a href="#name-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.11</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Name Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="object-type">Object Type</h2>
<p>The <em>Object Type</em> of a Managed Object (e.g., public key,
private key, symmetric key, etc.) SHALL be set by the server when the
object is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted
before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Object Type Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type</td>
<td>Enumeration, see <a
href="#object-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.12</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Object Type Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="cryptographic-algorithm">Cryptographic Algorithm</h2>
<p>The <em>Cryptographic Algorithm</em> of an object. The Cryptographic
Algorithm of a Certificate object identifies the algorithm for the
public key contained within the Certificate. The digital signature
algorithm used to sign the Certificate is identified in the Digital
Signature Algorithm attribute defined in Section <a
href="#digital-signature-algorithm">3.16</a>. This attribute SHALL be
set by the server when the object is created or registered and then
SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Algorithm</td>
<td>Enumeration, see <a
href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.13</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Certify, Create, Create Key Pair, Re-certify, Register, Derive Key,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Keys, Certificates, Templates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="cryptographic-length">Cryptographic Length</h2>
<p>For keys, <em>Cryptographic Length</em> is the length in bits of the
clear-text cryptographic key material of the Managed Cryptographic
Object. For certificates, <em>Cryptographic Length</em> is the length in
bits of the public key contained within the Certificate. This attribute
SHALL be set by the server when the object is created or registered, and
then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Length Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Length</td>
<td>Integer</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Length Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Certify, Create, Create Key Pair, Re-certify, Register, Derive Key,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Keys, Certificates, Templates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="cryptographic-parameters">Cryptographic Parameters</h2>
<p>The <em>Cryptographic Parameters</em> attribute is a structure (see
<a href="#_Ref236468052">Table 65</a>) that contains a set of OPTIONAL
fields that describe certain cryptographic parameters to be used when
performing cryptographic operations using the object. Specific fields
MAY pertain only to certain types of Managed Cryptographic Objects. The
Cryptographic Parameters attribute of a Certificate object identifies
the cryptographic parameters of the public key contained within the
Certificate.</p>
<p>The Cryptographic Algorithm is also used to specify the parameters
for cryptographic operations. For operations involving digital
signatures, either the Digital Signature Algorithm can be specified or
the Cryptographic Algorithm and Hashing Algorithm combination can be
specified.</p>
<p>Random IV can be used to request that the KMIP server generate an
appropriate IV for a cryptographic operation that uses an IV. The
generated Random IV is returned in the response to the cryptographic
operation.</p>
<p>IV Length is the length of the Initialization Vector in bits. This
parameter SHALL be provided when the specified Block Cipher Mode
supports variable IV lengths such as CTR or GCM.</p>
<p>Tag Length is the length of the authentication tag in bytes. This
parameter SHALL be provided when the Block Cipher Mode is GCM or
CCM.</p>
<p>The IV used with counter modes of operation (e.g., CTR and GCM)
cannot repeat for a given cryptographic key. To prevent an IV/key reuse,
the IV is often constructed of three parts: a fixed field, an invocation
field, and a counter as described in <a
href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a> and <a
href="#SP800_38D"><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong></a>. The Fixed Field
Length is the length of the fixed field portion of the IV in bits. The
Invocation Field Length is the length of the invocation field portion of
the IV in bits. The Counter Length is the length of the counter portion
of the IV in bits.</p>
<p>Initial Counter Value is the starting counter value for CTR mode (for
<a href="#RFC3686"><strong>[RFC3686]</strong></a> it is 1).</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Block Cipher Mode</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#block-cipher-mode-enumeration">9.1.3.2.14</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Padding Method</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#padding-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.15</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Hashing Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.16</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Role Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#key-role-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.17</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Digital Signature Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.7</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Cryptographic Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see 9.1.3.2.13</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Random IV</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Boolean</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>IV Length</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No unless Block Cipher Mode supports variable IV lengths</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Tag Length</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No unless Block Cipher Mode is GCM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Fixed Field Length</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Invocation Field Length</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Counter Length</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Initial Counter Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Salt Length</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No (if omitted, defaults to the block size of the Mask Generator
Hashing Algorithm)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Mask Generator</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#mask-generator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.49</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No (if omitted defaults to MGF1).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Mask Generator Hashing Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.16</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No. (if omitted defaults to SHA-1).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>P Source</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No (if omitted, defaults to an empty byte string for encoding input
P in OAEP padding)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Trailer Field</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No (if omitted, defaults to the standard one-byte trailer in PSS
padding)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Keys, Certificates, Templates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Key Role Type definitions match those defined in ANSI X9 TR-31 <a
href="#TR31"><strong>[X9 TR-31]</strong></a> and are defined in <a
href="#_Ref239741961">Table 67</a>:</p>
<table style="width:78%;">
<caption><p>: Key Role Types</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 14%" />
<col style="width: 63%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>BDK</td>
<td>Base Derivation Key (ANSI X9.24 DUKPT key derivation)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CVK</td>
<td>Card Verification Key (CVV/signature strip number validation)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DEK</td>
<td>Data Encryption Key (General Data Encryption)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKAC</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Application Cryptograms</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKSMC</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Confidentiality</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKSMI</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Integrity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKDAC</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Data Authentication Code</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKDN</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Dynamic Numbers</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKCP</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Card Personalization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKOTH</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Other</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>KEK</td>
<td>Key Encryption or Wrapping Key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC16609</td>
<td>ISO16609 MAC Algorithm 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC97971</td>
<td>ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC97972</td>
<td>ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC97973</td>
<td>ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 3 (Note this is commonly known as X9.19
Retail MAC)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC97974</td>
<td>ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC97975</td>
<td>ISO9797-1 MAC Algorithm 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ZPK</td>
<td>PIN Block Encryption Key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PVKIBM</td>
<td>PIN Verification Key, IBM 3624 Algorithm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PVKPVV</td>
<td>PIN Verification Key, VISA PVV Algorithm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PVKOTH</td>
<td>PIN Verification Key, Other Algorithm</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Accredited Standards Committee X9, Inc. - Financial Industry
Standards (www.x9.org) contributed to <a href="#_Ref239741961">Table
67</a>. Key role names and descriptions are derived from material in the
Accredited Standards Committee X9, Inc.'s Technical Report "TR-31 2010
Interoperable Secure Key Exchange Key Block Specification for Symmetric
Algorithms" and used with the permission of Accredited Standards
Committee X9, Inc. in an effort to improve interoperability between X9
standards and OASIS KMIP. The complete ANSI X9 TR-31 is available at
www.x9.org.</p>
<h2 id="cryptographic-domain-parameters">Cryptographic Domain
Parameters</h2>
<p>The <em>Cryptographic Domain Parameters</em> attribute is a structure
(see <a href="#_Ref241598376">Table 68</a>) that contains a set of
OPTIONAL fields that MAY need to be specified in the Create Key Pair
Request Payload. Specific fields MAY only pertain to certain types of
Managed Cryptographic Objects.</p>
<p>The domain parameter Qlength correponds to the bit length of
parameter Q (refer to <a href="#SEC2"><strong>[SEC2]</strong></a> and <a
href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a>). Qlength applies to
algorithms such as DSA and DH. The bit length of parameter P (refer to
<a href="#SEC2"><strong>[SEC2]</strong></a> and <a
href="#SP800_56A"><strong>[SP800-56A]</strong></a>) is specified
separately by setting the Cryptographic Length attribute.</p>
<p>Recommended Curve is applicable to elliptic curve algorithms such as
ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Domain Parameters Attribute
Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>Required</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Domain Parameters</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Qlength</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Recommended Curve</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Domain Parameters Attribute
Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Shall always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Asymmetric Keys, Templates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certificate-type">Certificate Type</h2>
<p>The <em>Certificate Type</em> attribute is a type of certificate
(e.g., X.509). The PGP certificate type is deprecated as of version 1.2
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification.</p>
<p>The <em>Certificate Type</em> value SHALL be set by the server when
the certificate is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed
or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Type Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Type</td>
<td>Enumeration, see <a
href="#certificate-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.6</a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Type Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Register, Certify, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Certificates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certificate-length">Certificate Length</h2>
<p>The <em>Certificate Length</em> attribute is the length in bytes of
the Certificate object. The <em>Certificate Length</em> SHALL be set by
the server when the object is created or registered, and then SHALL NOT
be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Length Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Length</td>
<td>Integer</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Length Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Register, Certify, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Certificates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="x.509-certificate-identifier">X.509 Certificate Identifier</h2>
<p>The <em>X.509</em> <em>Certificate Identifier</em> attribute is a
structure (see <a href="#_Ref310842826">Table 74</a>) used to provide
the identification of an X.509 public key certificate. The X.509
Certificate Identifier contains the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e.,
from the Issuer field of the X.509 certificate) and the Certificate
Serial Number (i.e., from the Serial Number field of the X.509
certificate). The X.509 Certificate Identifier SHALL be set by the
server when the X.509 certificate is created or registered and then
SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p><span id="_Ref310842826" class="anchor"></span>Table 74:
X.509 Certificate Identifier Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 Certificate Identifier</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Issuer Distinguished Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Certificate Serial Number</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: X.509 Certificate Identifier Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Register, Certify, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>X.509 Certificates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="x.509-certificate-subject">X.509 Certificate Subject</h2>
<p>The <em>X.509 Certificate Subject</em> attribute is a structure (see
<a href="#_Ref310843445">Table 76</a>) used to identify the subject of a
X.509 certificate. The X.509 Certificate Subject contains the Subject
Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Subject field of the X.509
certificate). It MAY include one or more alternative names (e.g., email
address, IP address, DNS name) for the subject of the X.509 certificate
(i.e., from the Subject Alternative Name extension within the X.509
certificate). The X.509 Certificate Subject SHALL be set by the server
based on the information it extracts from the X.509 certificate that is
created (as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation) or
registered (as part of a Register operation) and SHALL NOT be changed or
deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<p>If the Subject Alternative Name extension is included in the X.509
certificate and is marked critical within the X.509 certificate itself,
then an X.509 certificate MAY be issued with the subject field left
blank. Therefore an empty string is an acceptable value for the Subject
Distinguished Name.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: X.509 Certificate Subject Attribute
Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 Certificate Subject</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Subject Distinguished Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, but MAY be the empty string</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Subject Alternative Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, if the Subject Distinguished Name is an empty string. MAY be
repeated</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: X.509 Certificate Subject Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Register, Certify, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>X.509 Certificates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="x.509-certificate-issuer">X.509 Certificate Issuer </h2>
<p>The <em>X.509 Certificate Issuer</em> attribute is a structure (see
<a href="#_Ref310843446">Table 82</a>) used to identify the issuer of a
X.509 certificate, containing the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e., from
the Issuer field of the X.509 certificate). It MAY include one or more
alternative names (e.g., email address, IP address, DNS name) for the
issuer of the certificate (i.e., from the Issuer Alternative Name
extension within the X.509 certificate). The server SHALL set these
values based on the information it extracts from a X.509 certificate
that is created as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation or is
sent as part of a Register operation. These values SHALL NOT be changed
or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 Certificate Issuer</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Issuer Distinguished Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Issuer Alternative Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Register, Certify, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>X.509 Certificates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certificate-identifier">Certificate Identifier</h2>
<p>This attribute is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification
and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of this specification. The
X.509 Certificate Identifier attribute (see Section 3.10) SHOULD be used
instead.</p>
<p>The <em>Certificate Identifier</em> attribute is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref236469466">Table 80</a>) used to provide the identification
of a certificate. For X.509 certificates, it contains the Issuer
Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Issuer field of the certificate) and
the Certificate Serial Number (i.e., from the Serial Number field of the
certificate). For PGP certificates, the Issuer contains the OpenPGP Key
ID of the key issuing the signature (the signature that represents the
certificate). The Certificate Identifier SHALL be set by the server when
the certificate is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed
or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p><span id="_Ref236469466" class="anchor"></span>Table 80:
Certificate Identifier Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Identifier</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Issuer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Serial Number</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes (for X.509 certificates) / No (for PGP certificates since they
do not contain a serial number)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Identifier Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Register, Certify, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Certificates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certificate-subject">Certificate Subject</h2>
<p>This attribute is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification
and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of this specification. The
X.509 Certificate Subject attribute (see Section 3.11) SHOULD be used
instead.</p>
<p>The <em>Certificate Subject</em> attribute is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref236469558">Table 82</a>) used to identify the subject of a
certificate. For X.509 certificates, it contains the Subject
Distinguished Name (i.e., from the Subject field of the certificate). It
MAY include one or more alternative names (e.g., email address, IP
address, DNS name) for the subject of the certificate (i.e., from the
Subject Alternative Name extension within the certificate). For PGP
certificates, the Certificate Subject Distinguished Name contains the
content of the first User ID packet in the PGP certificate (that is, the
first User ID packet after the Public-Key packet in the transferable
public key that forms the PGP certificate). These values SHALL be set by
the server based on the information it extracts from the certificate
that is created (as a result of a Certify or a Re-certify operation) or
registered (as part of a Register operation) and SHALL NOT be changed or
deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<p>If the Subject Alternative Name extension is included in the
certificate and is marked <em>CRITICAL</em> (i.e., within the
certificate itself), then it is possible to issue an X.509 certificate
where the subject field is left blank. Therefore an empty string is an
acceptable value for the Certificate Subject Distinguished Name.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Subject Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Certificate Subject Distinguished Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, but MAY be the empty string</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Certificate Subject Alternative Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Subject Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Register, Certify, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Certificates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certificate-issuer">Certificate Issuer</h2>
<p>This attribute is deprecated as of version 1.1 of this specification
and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of this specification. The
X.509 Certificate Issuer attribute (see Section 3.12) SHOULD be used
instead.</p>
<p>The <em>Certificate Issuer</em> attribute is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref241597701">Table 85</a>) used to identify the issuer of a
certificate, containing the Issuer Distinguished Name (i.e., from the
Issuer field of the certificate). It MAY include one or more alternative
names (e.g., email address, IP address, DNS name) for the issuer of the
certificate (i.e., from the Issuer Alternative Name extension within the
certificate). The server SHALL set these values based on the information
it extracts from a certificate that is created as a result of a Certify
or a Re-certify operation or is sent as part of a Register operation.
These values SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is
destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Issuer Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Certificate Issuer Distinguished Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Certificate Issuer Alternative Name</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Register, Certify, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Certificates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="digital-signature-algorithm">Digital Signature Algorithm</h2>
<p>The <em>Digital Signature Algorithm</em> attribute identifies the
digital signature algorithm associated with a digitally signed object
(e.g., Certificate). This attribute SHALL be set by the server when the
object is created or registered and then SHALL NOT be changed or deleted
before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p><span id="_Toc310932770" class="anchor"></span>Table 86:
Digital Signature Algorithm Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digital Signature Algorithm</td>
<td>Enumeration, see <a
href="#digital-signature-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.7</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Digital Signature Algorithm Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Yes for PGP keys. No for X.509 certificates.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Certify, Re-certify, Register</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Certificates, PGP keys</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="digest">Digest</h2>
<p>The <em>Digest</em> attribute is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref236496421">Table 88</a>) that contains the digest value of
the key or secret data (i.e., digest of the Key Material), certificate
(i.e., digest of the Certificate Value), or opaque object (i.e., digest
of the Opaque Data Value). If the Key Material is a Byte String, then
the Digest Value SHALL be calculated on this Byte String. If the Key
Material is a structure, then the Digest Value SHALL be calculated on
the TTLV-encoded (see Section <a href="#ttlv-encoding">9.1</a>) Key
Material structure. The Key Format Type field in the Digest attribute
indicates the format of the Managed Object from which the Digest Value
was calculated. Multiple digests MAY be calculated using different
algorithms listed in Section <a
href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.16</a> and/or key format
types listed in Section <a
href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a>. If this attribute
exists, then it SHALL have a mandatory attribute instance computed with
the SHA-256 hashing algorithm. For objects registered by a client, the
server SHALL compute the digest of the mandatory attribute instance
using the Key Format Type of the registered object. In all other cases,
the server MAY use any Key Format Type when computing the digest of the
mandatory attribute instance, provided it is able to serve the object to
clients in that same format. The digest(s) are static and SHALL be set
by the server when the object is created or registered, provided that
the server has access to the Key Material or the Digest Value (possibly
obtained via out-of-band mechanisms).</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Digest Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digest</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Hashing Algorithm</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.16</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Digest Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, if the server has access to the Digest Value or the Key
Material (for keys and secret data), the Certificate Value (for
certificates) or the Opaque Data Value (for opaque objects).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Format Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, if the Managed Object is a key or secret data object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Digest Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes, if the server has access to the Digest Value or the Key
Material (for keys and secret data), the Certificate Value (for
certificates) or the Opaque Data Value (for opaque objects).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="operation-policy-name">Operation Policy Name</h2>
<p>The <em>Operation Policy Name</em> Attribute is deprecated as of
version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent
versions of the specification.</p>
<p>An operation policy controls what entities MAY perform which key
management operations on the object. The content of the <em>Operation
Policy Name</em> attribute is the name of a policy object known to the
key management system and, therefore, is server dependent. The named
policy objects are created and managed using mechanisms outside the
scope of the protocol. The policies determine what entities MAY perform
specified operations on the object, and which of the object’s attributes
MAY be modified or deleted. The Operation Policy Name attribute SHOULD
be set when operations that result in a new Managed Object on the server
are executed. It is set either explicitly or via some default set by the
server, which then applies the named policy to all subsequent operations
on the object.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Operation Policy Name Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation Policy Name</td>
<td>Text String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Operation Policy Name Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server or Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="operations-outside-of-operation-policy-control">Operations
outside of operation policy control</h3>
<p>Some of the operations SHOULD be allowed for any client at any time,
without respect to operation policy. These operations are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Create</p></li>
<li><p>Create Key Pair</p></li>
<li><p>Register</p></li>
<li><p>Certify</p></li>
<li><p>Re-certify</p></li>
<li><p>Validate</p></li>
<li><p>Query</p></li>
<li><p>Cancel</p></li>
<li><p>Poll</p></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="default-operation-policy">Default Operation Policy</h3>
<p>A key management system implementation MAY implement a named
operation policy, which is used for objects when the <em>Operation
Policy</em> attribute is not specified by the Client in operations that
result in a new Managed Object on the server, or in a template specified
in these operations. This policy is named <em>default</em>. It specifies
the following rules for operations on objects created or registered with
this policy, depending on the object type.</p>
<h4 id="default-operation-policy-for-secret-objects"> Default Operation
Policy for Secret Objects</h4>
<p>This policy applies to Symmetric Keys, Private Keys, Split Keys,
Secret Data, and Opaque Objects.</p>
<p>The Default Operation Policy for Template Objects is deprecated as of
version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent
versions of the specification.</p>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Default Operation Policy for Secret Objects</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Default Operation
Policy for Secret Objects</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Operation</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Policy</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Re-key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Re-key Key Pair</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Derive Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Locate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Check</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Attributes</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Attribute List</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Add Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Modify Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Delete Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Obtain Lease</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Usage Allocation</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Activate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Revoke</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Destroy</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Archive</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Recover</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4
id="default-operation-policy-for-certificates-and-public-key-objects">Default
Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</h4>
<p>This policy applies to Certificates and Public Keys.</p>
<p>The Default Operation Policy for Template Objects is deprecated as of
version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent
versions of the specification.</p>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Default Operation Policy for Certificates and Public Key
Objects</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Default Operation
Policy for Certificates and Public Key Objects</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Operation</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Policy</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Locate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Check</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Attributes</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Attribute List</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Add Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Modify Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Delete Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Obtain Lease</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Activate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Revoke</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Destroy</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Archive</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Recover</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="default-operation-policy-for-template-objects">Default Operation
Policy for Template Objects</h4>
<p>The Default Operation Policy for Template Objects is deprecated as of
version 1.3 of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent
versions of the specification.</p>
<p>The operation policy specified as an attribute in the
<em>Register</em> operation for a template object is the operation
policy used for objects created using that template, and is not the
policy used to control operations on the template itself. There is no
mechanism to specify a policy used to control operations on template
objects, so the default policy for template objects is always used for
templates created by clients using the <em>Register</em> operation to
create template objects.</p>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Default Operation Policy for Private Template
Objects</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Default Operation
Policy for Private Template Objects</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Operation</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Policy</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Locate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Attributes</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Attribute List</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Add Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Modify Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Delete Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Destroy</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Any operation referencing the Template
using a Template-Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to owner only</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In addition to private template objects (which are controlled by the
above policy, and which MAY be created by clients or the server),
publicly known and usable templates MAY be created and managed by the
server, with a default policy different from private template
objects.</p>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Default Operation Policy for Public Template
Objects</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Default Operation
Policy for Public Template Objects</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Operation</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Policy</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Locate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Attributes</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Attribute List</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Add Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Disallowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Modify Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Disallowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Delete Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Disallowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Destroy</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Disallowed to all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Any operation referencing the Template
using a Template-Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Allowed to all</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="cryptographic-usage-mask">Cryptographic Usage Mask</h2>
<p>The <em>Cryptographic Usage Mask</em> attribute defines the
cryptographic usage of a key. This is a bit mask that indicates to the
client which cryptographic functions MAY be performed using the key, and
which ones SHALL NOT be performed.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Sign</p></li>
<li><p>Verify</p></li>
<li><p>Encrypt</p></li>
<li><p>Decrypt</p></li>
<li><p>Wrap Key</p></li>
<li><p>Unwrap Key</p></li>
<li><p>Export</p></li>
<li><p>MAC Generate</p></li>
<li><p>MAC Verify</p></li>
<li><p>Derive Key</p></li>
<li><p>Content Commitment</p></li>
<li><p>Key Agreement</p></li>
<li><p>Certificate Sign</p></li>
<li><p>CRL Sign</p></li>
<li><p>Generate Cryptogram</p></li>
<li><p>Validate Cryptogram</p></li>
<li><p>Translate Encrypt</p></li>
<li><p>Translate Decrypt</p></li>
<li><p>Translate Wrap</p></li>
<li><p>Translate Unwrap</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This list takes into consideration values that MAY appear in the Key
Usage extension in an X.509 certificate. However, the list does not
consider the additional usages that MAY appear in the Extended Key Usage
extension.</p>
<p>X.509 Key Usage values SHALL be mapped to Cryptographic Usage Mask
values in the following manner:</p>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: X.509 Key Usage to Cryptographic Usage Mask
Mapping</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>X.509 Key Usage to
Cryptographic Usage Mask Mapping</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>X.509 Key Usage
Value</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Cryptographic Usage Mask
Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">digitalSignature</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Sign or Verify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">contentCommitment</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>Content Commitment</p>
<p>(Non Repudiation)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">keyEncipherment</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Wrap Key or Unwrap Key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">dataEncipherment</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Encrypt or Decrypt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">keyAgreement</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Key Agreement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">keyCertSign</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Certificate Sign</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">cRLSign</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">CRL Sign</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">encipherOnly</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Encrypt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">decipherOnly</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Decrypt</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p><span id="_Toc236497740" class="anchor"></span>Table 97:
Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Usage Mask</td>
<td>Integer</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server or Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects, Templates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="lease-time">Lease Time</h2>
<p>The <em>Lease Time</em> attribute defines a time interval for a
Managed Cryptographic Object beyond which the client SHALL NOT use the
object without obtaining another lease. This attribute always holds the
initial length of time allowed for a lease, and not the actual remaining
time. Once its lease expires, the client is only able to renew the lease
by calling Obtain Lease. A server SHALL store in this attribute the
maximum Lease Time it is able to serve and a client obtains the lease
time (with Obtain Lease) that is less than or equal to the maximum Lease
Time. This attribute is read-only for clients. It SHALL be modified by
the server only.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Lease Time Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Lease Time</td>
<td>Interval</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:61%;">
<caption><p>: Lease Time Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 27%" />
<col style="width: 33%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="usage-limits">Usage Limits</h2>
<p>The <em>Usage Limits</em> attribute is a mechanism for limiting the
usage of a Managed Cryptographic Object. It only applies to Managed
Cryptographic Objects that are able to be used for applying
cryptographic protection and it SHALL only reflect their usage for
applying that protection (e.g., encryption, signing, etc.). This
attribute does not necessarily exist for all Managed Cryptographic
Objects, since some objects are able to be used without limit for
cryptographically protecting data, depending on client/server policies.
Usage for processing cryptographically protected data (e.g., decryption,
verification, etc.) is not limited. The Usage Limits attribute has the
three following fields:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Usage Limits Total</em> – the total number of Usage Limits
Units allowed to be protected. This is the total value for the entire
life of the object and SHALL NOT be changed once the object begins to be
used for applying cryptographic protection.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Usage Limits Count</em> – the currently remaining number of
Usage Limits Units allowed to be protected by the object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Usage Limits Unit</em> – The type of quantity for which this
structure specifies a usage limit (e.g., byte, object).</p></li>
</ul>
<p>When the attribute is initially set (usually during object creation
or registration), the Usage Limits Count is set to the Usage Limits
Total value allowed for the useful life of the object, and are
decremented when the object is used. The server SHALL ignore the Usage
Limits Count value if the attribute is specified in an operation that
creates a new object. Changes made via the Modify Attribute operation
reflect corrections to the Usage Limits Total value, but they SHALL NOT
be changed once the Usage Limits Count value has changed by a Get Usage
Allocation operation. The Usage Limits Count value SHALL NOT be set or
modified by the client via the Add Attribute or Modify Attribute
operations.</p>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p><span id="_Toc236497744" class="anchor"></span>Table 101:
Usage Limits Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Usage Limits Total</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Long Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Usage Limits Count</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Long Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Usage Limits Unit</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#usage-limits-unit-enumeration">9.1.3.2.31</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:86%;">
<caption><p>: Usage Limits Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 27%" />
<col style="width: 58%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server (Total, Count, and Unit) or Client (Total and/or Unit
only)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes (Total and/or Unit only, as long as Get Usage Allocation has not
been performed)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes, as long as Get Usage Allocation has not been performed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key
Pair, Get Usage Allocation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Keys, Templates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="state">State</h2>
<p>: Cryptographic Object States and Transitions</p>
<p>This attribute is an indication of the <em>State</em> of an object as
known to the key management server. The State SHALL NOT be changed by
using the Modify Attribute operation on this attribute. The State SHALL
only be changed by the server as a part of other operations or other
server processes. An object SHALL be in one of the following states at
any given time. (Note: These states correspond to those described in <a
href="#SP800_57_1"><strong>[SP800-57-1]</strong></a>).</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Pre-Active</em>: The object exists and SHALL NOT be used for
any cryptographic purpose.</p></li>
<li><p><img src="media/image2.png"
style="width:2.56597in;height:3.16181in"
alt="Description: figure1" /><em>Active</em>: The object SHALL be
transitioned to the <em>Active</em> state prior to being used for any
cryptographic purpose. The object SHALL only be used for all
cryptographic purposes that are allowed by its Cryptographic Usage Mask
attribute. If a Process Start Date (see <a
href="#process-start-date">3.25</a>) attribute is set, then the object
SHALL NOT be used for cryptographic purposes prior to the Process Start
Date. If a Protect Stop Date (see <a href="#protect-stop-date">3.26</a>)
attribute is set, then the object SHALL NOT be used for cryptographic
purposes after the Process Stop Date.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Deactivated</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for applying
cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption, signing, wrapping, MACing,
deriving) . The object SHALL only be used for cryptographic purposes
permitted by the Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute. The object SHOULD
only be used to process cryptographically-protected information (e.g.,
decryption, signature verification, unwrapping, MAC verification under
extraordinary circumstances and when special permission is
granted.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Compromised</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for applying
cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption, signing, wrapping, MACing,
deriving). The object SHOULD only be used to process
cryptographically-protected information (e.g., decryption, signature
verification, unwrapping, MAC verification in a client that is trusted
to use managed objects that have been compromised. The object SHALL only
be used for cryptographic purposes permitted by the Cryptographic Usage
Mask attribute.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Destroyed</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for any
cryptographic purpose.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Destroyed Compromised</em>: The object SHALL NOT be used for
any cryptographic purpose; however its compromised status SHOULD be
retained for audit or security purposes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>State transitions occur as follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>The transition from a non-existent key to the Pre-Active state is
caused by the creation of the object. When an object is created or
registered, it automatically goes from non-existent to Pre-Active. If,
however, the operation that creates or registers the object contains an
Activation Date that has already occurred, then the state immediately
transitions from Pre-Active to Active. In this case, the server SHALL
set the Activation Date attribute to the value specified in the request,
or fail the request attempting to create or register the object,
depending on server policy. If the operation contains an Activation Date
attribute that is in the future, or contains no Activation Date, then
the Cryptographic Object is initialized in the key management system in
the Pre-Active state.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Pre-Active to Destroyed is caused by a client
issuing a Destroy operation. The server destroys the object when (and
if) server policy dictates.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Pre-Active to Compromised is caused by a
client issuing a Revoke operation with a Revocation Reason of
Compromised.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Pre-Active to Active SHALL occur in one of
three ways:</p></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><p>The Activation Date is reached,</p></li>
<li><p>A client successfully issues a Modify Attribute operation,
modifying the Activation Date to a date in the past, or the current
date, or</p></li>
<li><p>A client issues an Activate operation on the object. The server
SHALL set the Activation Date to the time the Activate operation is
received.</p></li>
</ul>
<ol start="5" type="1">
<li><p>The transition from Active to Compromised is caused by a client
issuing a Revoke operation with a Revocation Reason of
Compromised.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Active to Deactivated SHALL occur in one of
three ways:</p></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><p>The object's Deactivation Date is reached,</p></li>
<li><p>A client issues a Revoke operation, with a Revocation Reason
other than Compromised, or</p></li>
<li><p>The client successfully issues a Modify Attribute operation,
modifying the Deactivation Date to a date in the past, or the current
date.</p></li>
</ul>
<ol start="7" type="1">
<li><p>The transition from Deactivated to Destroyed is caused by a
client issuing a Destroy operation, or by a server, both in accordance
with server policy. The server destroys the object when (and if) server
policy dictates.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Deactivated to Compromised is caused by a
client issuing a Revoke operation with a Revocation Reason of
Compromised.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Compromised to Destroyed Compromised is
caused by a client issuing a Destroy operation, or by a server, both in
accordance with server policy. The server destroys the object when (and
if) server policy dictates.</p></li>
<li><p>The transition from Destroyed to Destroyed Compromised is caused
by a client issuing a <em>R</em>evoke operation with a Revocation Reason
of Compromised.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Only the transitions described above are permitted.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: State Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>State</td>
<td>Enumeration, see <a href="#state-enumeration">9.1.3.2.18</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:61%;">
<caption><p>: State Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No, but only by the server in response to certain requests (see
above)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate, Revoke,
Destroy, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="initial-date">Initial Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Initial Date</em> attribute contains the date and time when
the Managed Object was first created or registered at the server. This
time corresponds to state transition 1 (see Section <a
href="#state">3.22</a>). This attribute SHALL be set by the server when
the object is created or registered, and then SHALL NOT be changed or
deleted before the object is destroyed. This attribute is also set for
non-cryptographic objects (e.g., templates) when they are first
registered with the server.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Initial Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:61%;">
<caption><p>: Initial Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="activation-date">Activation Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Activation Date</em> attribute contains the date and time
when the Managed Cryptographic Object MAY begin to be used. This time
corresponds to state transition 4 (see Section <a
href="#state">3.22</a>). The object SHALL NOT be used for any
cryptographic purpose before the <em>Activation Date</em> has been
reached. Once the state transition from Pre-Active has occurred, then
this attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is
destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Activation Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Activation Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:61%;">
<caption><p>: Activation Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server or Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes, only while in Pre-Active state</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes, only while in Pre-Active state</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate Certify,
Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects, Templates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="process-start-date">Process Start Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Process Start Date</em> attribute is the date and time when a
Managed Symmetric Key Object MAY begin to be used to process
cryptographically protected information (e.g., decryption or
unwrapping), depending on the value of its Cryptographic Usage Mask
attribute. The object SHALL NOT be used for these cryptographic purposes
before the <em>Process Start Date</em> has been reached. This value MAY
be equal to or later than, but SHALL NOT precede, the Activation Date.
Once the Process Start Date has occurred, then this attribute SHALL NOT
be changed or deleted before the object is destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Process Start Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Process Start Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:61%;">
<caption><p>: Process Start Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server or Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the
Process Start Date has been not reached.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the
Process Start Date has been not reached.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Register, Derive Key, Re-key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Symmetric Keys, Split Keys of symmetric keys, Templates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="protect-stop-date">Protect Stop Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Protect Stop Date</em> attribute is the date and time after
which a Managed Symmetric Key Object SHALL NOT be used for applying
cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption or wrapping), depending on
the value of its Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute. This value MAY be
equal to or earlier than, but SHALL NOT be later than the Deactivation
Date. Once the <em>Protect Stop Date</em> has occurred, then this
attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted before the object is
destroyed.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Protect Stop Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protect Stop Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:61%;">
<caption><p>: Protect Stop Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server or Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the
Protect Stop Date has not been reached.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state and as long as the
Protect Stop Date has not been reached.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Register, Derive Key, Re-key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Symmetric Keys, Split Keys of symmetric keys, Templates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="deactivation-date">Deactivation Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Deactivation Date</em> attribute is the date and time when
the Managed Cryptographic Object SHALL NOT be used for any purpose,
except for decryption, signature verification, or unwrapping, but only
under extraordinary circumstances and only when special permission is
granted. This time corresponds to state transition 6 (see Section <a
href="#state">3.22</a>). This attribute SHALL NOT be changed or deleted
before the object is destroyed, unless the object is in the Pre-Active
or Active state.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Deactivation Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deactivation Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:61%;">
<caption><p>: Deactivation Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server or Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes, only while in Pre-Active or Active state</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Revoke Certify,
Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects, Templates</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="destroy-date">Destroy Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Destroy Date</em> attribute is the date and time when the
Managed Object was destroyed. This time corresponds to state transitions
2, 7, or 9 (see Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). This value is set by
the server when the object is destroyed due to the reception of a
Destroy operation, or due to server policy or out-of-band administrative
action.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Destroy Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Destroy Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:61%;">
<caption><p>: Destroy Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Destroy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="compromise-occurrence-date">Compromise Occurrence Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Compromise Occurrence Date</em> attribute is the date and
time when the Managed Cryptographic Object was first believed to be
compromised. If it is not possible to estimate when the compromise
occurred, then this value SHOULD be set to the Initial Date for the
object.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p><span id="_Toc236497760" class="anchor"></span>Table 117:
Compromise Occurrence Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Occurrence Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:71%;">
<caption><p>: Compromise Occurrence Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 41%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Revoke</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Object</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="compromise-date">Compromise Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Compromise Date</em> attribute contains the date and time
when the Managed Cryptographic Object entered into the compromised
state. This time corresponds to state transitions 3, 5, 8, or 10 (see
Section <a href="#state">3.22</a>). This time indicates when the key
management system was made aware of the compromise, not necessarily when
the compromise occurred. This attribute is set by the server when it
receives a Revoke operation with a <em>Revocation Reason</em> of
Compromised code, or due to server policy or out-of-band administrative
action.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Compromise Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:70%;">
<caption><p>: Compromise Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 41%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Revoke</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Object</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="revocation-reason">Revocation Reason</h2>
<p>The <em>Revocation Reason</em> attribute is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref236474234">Table 121</a>) used to indicate why the Managed
Cryptographic Object was revoked (e.g., “compromised”, “expired”, “no
longer used”, etc.). This attribute is only set by the server as a part
of the Revoke Operation.</p>
<p>The <em>Revocation Message</em> is an OPTIONAL field that is used
exclusively for audit trail/logging purposes and MAY contain additional
information about why the object was revoked (e.g., “Laptop stolen”, or
“Machine decommissioned”).</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Revocation Reason Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Revocation Reason Code</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#revocation-reason-code-enumeration">9.1.3.2.19</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Revocation Message</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:72%;">
<caption><p>: Revocation Reason Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 42%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Revoke</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects, Opaque Object</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="archive-date">Archive Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Archive Date</em> attribute is the date and time when the
Managed Object was placed in archival storage. This value is set by the
server as a part of the Archive operation. The server SHALL delete this
attribute whenever a Recover operation is performed.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Archive Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Archive Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:61%;">
<caption><p>: Archive Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Archive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="object-group">Object Group</h2>
<p>An object MAY be part of a group of objects. An object MAY belong to
more than one group of objects. To assign an object to a group of
objects, the object group name SHOULD be set into this attribute.
“default” is a reserved Text String for <em>Object Group</em>.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Object Group Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Group</td>
<td>Text String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:75%;">
<caption><p>: Object Group Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 45%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="fresh">Fresh</h2>
<p>The <em>Fresh</em> attribute is a Boolean attribute that indicates
that the object has not yet been served to a client. The Fresh attribute
SHALL be set to True when a new object is created on the server. The
server SHALL change the attribute value to False as soon as the object
has been served to a client.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Fresh Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fresh</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:75%;">
<caption><p>: Fresh Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 46%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="link">Link</h2>
<p>The <em>Link</em> attribute is a structure (see <a
href="#_Ref236474478">Table 129</a>) used to create a link from one
Managed Cryptographic Object to another, closely related target Managed
Cryptographic Object. The link has a type, and the allowed types differ,
depending on the Object Type of the Managed Cryptographic Object, as
listed below. The <em>Linked Object Identifier</em> identifies the
target Managed Cryptographic Object by its Unique Identifier. The link
contains information about the association between the Managed
Cryptographic Objects (e.g., the private key corresponding to a public
key; the parent certificate for a certificate in a chain; or for a
derived symmetric key, the base key from which it was derived).</p>
<p>Possible values of <em>Link Type</em> in accordance with the Object
Type of the Managed Cryptographic Object are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Private Key Link:</em> For a Public Key object: the private
key corresponding to the public key.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Public Key Link:</em> For a Private Key object: the public
key corresponding to the private key. For a Certificate object: the
public key contained in the certificate.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Certificate Link</em>: For Certificate objects: the parent
certificate for a certificate in a certificate chain. For Public Key
objects: the corresponding certificate(s), containing the same public
key.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Derivation Base Object Link:</em> For a derived Symmetric Key
or Secret Data object: the object(s) from which the current symmetric
key was derived.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Derived Key Link</em>: the symmetric key(s) or Secret Data
object(s) that were derived from the current object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Replacement Object</em> <em>Link:</em> For a Symmetric Key,
an Asymmetric Private Key, or an Asymmetric Public Key object: the key
that resulted from the re-key of the current key. For a Certificate
object: the certificate that resulted from the re-certify. Note that
there SHALL be only one such replacement object per Managed
Object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Replaced Object</em> <em>Link:</em> For a Symmetric Key, an
Asymmetric Private Key, or an Asymmetric Public Key object: the key that
was re-keyed to obtain the current key. For a Certificate object: the
certificate that was re-certified to obtain the current
certificate.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Parent Link:</em> For all object types: the owner, container
or other parent object corresponding to the object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Child Link:</em> For all object types: the subordinate,
derived or other child object corresponding to the object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Previous Link:</em> For all object types: the previous object
to this object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Next Link:</em> For all object types: the next object to this
object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The Link attribute SHOULD be present for private keys and public keys
for which a certificate chain is stored by the server, and for
certificates in a certificate chain.</p>
<p>Note that it is possible for a Managed Object to have multiple
instances of the Link attribute (e.g., a Private Key has links to the
associated certificate, as well as the associated public key; a
Certificate object has links to both the public key and to the
certificate of the certification authority (CA) that signed the
certificate).</p>
<p>It is also possible that a Managed Object does not have links to
associated cryptographic objects. This MAY occur in cases where the
associated key material is not available to the server or client (e.g.,
the registration of a CA Signer certificate with a server, where the
corresponding private key is held in a different manner).</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Link Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 41%" />
<col style="width: 24%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Link</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Link Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a href="#link-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.20</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Linked Object Identifier, see <a
href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:74%;">
<caption><p>: Link Attribute Structure Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 45%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key
Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="application-specific-information">Application Specific
Information</h2>
<p>The <em>Application Specific Information</em> attribute is a
structure (see <a href="#_Ref236474684">Table 131</a>) used to store
data specific to the application(s) using the Managed Object. It
consists of the following fields: an <em>Application Namespace</em> and
<em>Application Data</em> specific to that application namespace.</p>
<p>Clients MAY request to set (i.e., using any of the operations that
result in new Managed Object(s) on the server or adding/modifying the
attribute of an existing Managed Object) an instance of this attribute
with a particular <em>Application Namespace</em> while omitting
<em>Application Data</em>. In that case, if the server supports this
namespace (as indicated by the Query operation in Section <a
href="#query">4.25</a>), then it SHALL return a suitable <em>Application
Data</em> value. If the server does not support this namespace, then an
error SHALL be returned.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Application Specific Information Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Specific Information</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Namespace</td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Data</td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:70%;">
<caption><p>: Application Specific Information Attribute
Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 40%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server (only if the Application Data is omitted, in the
client request)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes (only if the Application Data is omitted in the client
request)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Re-key, Re-key Key Pair, Re-certify</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="contact-information">Contact Information</h2>
<p>The <em>Contact Information</em> attribute is OPTIONAL, and its
content is used for contact purposes only. It is not used for policy
enforcement. The attribute is set by the client or the server.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Contact Information Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Contact Information</td>
<td>Text String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Contact Information Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Certify, Re-certify,
Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="last-change-date">Last Change Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Last Change Date</em> attribute contains the date and time of
the last change of the specified object.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Last Change Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Change Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:74%;">
<caption><p>: Last Change Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 44%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate, Revoke,
Destroy, Archive, Recover, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair,
Add Attribute, Modify Attribute, Delete Attribute, Get Usage
Allocation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="custom-attribute">Custom Attribute</h2>
<p>A <em>Custom Attribute</em> is a client- or server-defined attribute
intended for vendor-specific purposes. It is created by the client and
not interpreted by the server, or is created by the server and MAY be
interpreted by the client. All custom attributes created by the client
SHALL adhere to a naming scheme, where the name of the attribute SHALL
have a prefix of 'x-'. All custom attributes created by the key
management server SHALL adhere to a naming scheme where the name of the
attribute SHALL have a prefix of 'y-'. The server SHALL NOT accept a
client-created or modified attribute, where the name of the attribute
has a prefix of ‘y-‘. The tag type <em>Custom Attribute</em> is not able
to identify the particular attribute; hence such an attribute SHALL only
appear in an Attribute Structure with its name as defined in Section <a
href="#attribute">2.1.1</a>.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>Custom Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Custom Attribute</td>
<td>Any data type or structure. If a structure, then the structure SHALL
NOT include sub structures</td>
<td>The name of the attribute SHALL start with 'x-' or 'y-'.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Custom Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes, for server-created attributes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes, for client-created attributes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes, for client-created attributes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Register, Derive Key, Activate, Revoke,
Destroy, Certify, Re-certify, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="alternative-name">Alternative Name</h2>
<p>The <em>Alternative</em> <em>Name</em> attribute is used to identify
and locate the object. This attribute is assigned by the client, and the
<em>Alternative</em> <em>Name Value</em> is intended to be in a form
that humans are able to interpret. The key management system MAY specify
rules by which the client creates valid alternative names. Clients are
informed of such rules by a mechanism that is not specified by this
standard. Alternative Names MAY NOT be unique within a given key
management domain.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Alternative Name Attribute Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Alternative Name</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Alternative Name Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Alternative Name Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#alternative-name-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.34</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:67%;">
<caption><p>: Alternative Name Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 37%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes (Only if no value present)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="key-value-present">Key Value Present</h2>
<p><em>Key Value Present</em> is an OPTIONAL attribute of the managed
object created by the server. It SHALL NOT be specified by the client in
a Register request. <em>Key Value Present</em> SHALL be created by the
server if the Key Value is absent from the Key Block in a Register
request. The value of Key Value Present SHALL NOT be modified by either
the client or the server. <em>Key Value Present</em> attribute MAY be
used as a part of the Locate operation. This attribute does not apply to
Templates, Certificates, Public Keys or Opaque Objects.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Key Value Present Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Value Present</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Boolean</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Key Value Present Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>During Register operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Symmetric Key, Private Key, Split Key, Secret Data</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="key-value-location">Key Value Location</h2>
<p><em>Key Value Location</em> is an OPTIONAL attribute of a managed
object. It MAY be specified by the client when the Key Value is omitted
from the Key Block in a Register request. <em>Key Value Location</em> is
used to indicate the location of the Key Value absent from the object
being registered. This attribute does not apply to Templates,
Certificates, Public Keys or Opaque Objects.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Key Value Location Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Value Location</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Value Location Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Key Value Location Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Enumeration, see <a
href="#key-value-location-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.35</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Key Value Location Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Never</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Symmetric Key, Private Key, Split Key, Secret Data</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="original-creation-date">Original Creation Date</h2>
<p>The <em>Original Creation Date</em> attribute contains the date and
time the object was originally created, which can be different from when
the object is registered with a key management server.</p>
<p>It is OPTIONAL for an object being registered by a client. The
<em>Original Creation Date</em> MAY be set by the client during a
Register operation. If no <em>Original Creation Date</em> attribute was
set by the client during a Register operation, it MAY do so at a later
time through an Add Attribute operation for that object.</p>
<p>It is mandatory for an object created on the server as a result of a
Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, or Re-key Key Pair
operation. In such cases the <em>Original Creation Date</em> SHALL be
set by the server and SHALL be the same as the <em>Initial Date</em>
attribute.</p>
<p>In all cases, once the <em>Original Creation Date</em> is set, it
SHALL NOT be deleted or updated.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Original Creation Date Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Original Creation Date</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:80%;">
<caption><p>: Original Creation Date Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server (when object is generated by Server)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="random-number-generator">Random Number Generator </h2>
<p>The <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute contains the details
of the random number generator used during the creation of the managed
cryptographic object.</p>
<p>It is OPTIONAL for a managed cryptographic object being registered by
a client. The <em>Random Number Generator</em> MAY be set by the client
during a Register operation. If no <em>Random Number Generator</em>
attribute was set by the client during a Register operation, it MAY do
so at a later time through an Add Attribute operation for that
object.</p>
<p>It is mandatory for an object created on the server as a result of a
Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, or Re-key Key Pair
operation. In such cases the <em>Random Number Generator</em> SHALL be
set by the server depending on which random number generator was used.
If the specific details of the random number generator are unknown then
the RNG Algorithm within the RNG Parameters structure SHALL be set to
<em>Unspecified</em>.</p>
<p>If one or more <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute values are
provided in the template attributes (either directly or via reference to
templates which contain <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute
values) in a Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, or Re-key Key
Pair operation then the server SHALL use a random number generator that
matches one of the <em>Random Number Generator</em> attributes. If the
server does not support or is otherwise unable to use a matching random
number generator then it SHALL fail the request.</p>
<p>The <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute SHALL NOT be copied
from the original object in a Re-key or Re-key Key Pair operation.</p>
<p>In all cases, once the <em>Random Number Generator</em> attribute is
set, it SHALL NOT be deleted or updated.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Random Number Generator Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Random Number Generator</td>
<td>RNG Parameters (see <a href="#rng-parameters">2.1.18</a>)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:81%;">
<caption><p>: Random Number Generator Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 51%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client (when the object is generated by the Client and registered)
or Server (when object is generated by Server)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>Create, Create Key Pair, Derive Key, Re-key, Re-key Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Cryptographic Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="pkcs12-friendly-name">PKCS#12 Friendly Name </h2>
<p>The PKCS#12 Friendly Name attribute is OPTIONAL. If supplied on a
Register Private Key with Key Format Type PKCS#12, it informs the server
of the alias/friendly name (see [RFC7292]) under which the private key
and its associated certificate chain SHALL be found in the Key Material.
If no such alias/friendly name is supplied, the server SHALL record the
alias/friendly name (if any) it finds for the first Private Key in the
Key Material.</p>
<p>When a Get with Key Format Type PKCS#12 is issued, this attribute
informs the server what alias/friendly name the server SHALL use when
encoding the response. If this attribute is absent for the object on
which the Get is issued, the server SHOULD use an alias/friendly name of
“alias”. Since the PKCS#12 Friendly Name is defined in ASN.1 with an
EQUALITY MATCHING RULE of caseIgnoreMatch, clients and servers SHOULD
utilize a lowercase text string.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: PKCS#12 Friendly Name Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PKCS#12 Friendly Name</td>
<td>Text String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Friendly Name Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>Managed Cryptographic Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="description">Description</h2>
<p>The Description attribute is OPTIONAL, and its content is used for
informational purposes only. It is not used for policy enforcement. The
attribute is set by the client or the server.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Description Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Description</td>
<td>Text String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Description Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="comment">Comment</h2>
<p>The Comment attribute is OPTIONAL, and its content is used for
informational purposes only. It is not used for policy enforcement. The
attribute is set by the client or the server.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Comment Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Description</td>
<td>Text String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Comment Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sensitive">Sensitive</h2>
<p>If True then the server SHALL prevent the object value being
retrieved (via the Get operation) unless it is wrapped by another key.
The server SHALL set the value to False if the value is not provided by
the client.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Sensitive Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sensitive</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Sensitive Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>When object is created or registered</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="always-sensitive">Always Sensitive</h2>
<p>The server SHALL set the value toTrue if the Sensitive attribute has
always been True and the value to False if the Sensitive attribute has
ever been set to False.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Always Sensitive Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sensitive</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Always Sensitive Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>When Sensitive attribute is set or changed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="extractable">Extractable</h2>
<p>If False then the server SHALL prevent the object value being
retrieved (via the Get operation). The server SHALL set the value to
True if the value is not provided by the client.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Extractable Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extractable</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Extractable Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Client or Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td>When object is created or registered</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="never-extractable">Never Extractable</h2>
<p>The server SHALL set the value to True if the Extractable attribute
has always been False, and set the value to False if the Extractable
attribute has ever been set to True.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Never Extractable Attribute</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Never Extractable</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:58%;">
<caption><p>: Never Extractable Attribute Rules</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>SHALL always have a value</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initially set by</td>
<td>Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by server</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modifiable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deletable by client</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multiple instances permitted</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>When implicitly set</td>
<td><p>When Never Extractable attribute is</p>
<p>set or changed</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Applies to Object Types</td>
<td>All Objects</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="client-to-server-operations">Client-to-Server Operations</h1>
<p>The following subsections describe the operations that MAY be
requested by a key management client. Not all clients have to be capable
of issuing all operation requests; however any client that issues a
specific request SHALL be capable of understanding the response to the
request. All Object Management operations are issued in requests from
clients to servers, and results obtained in responses from servers to
clients. Multiple operations MAY be combined within a batch, resulting
in a single request/response message pair.</p>
<p>A number of the operations whose descriptions follow are affected by
a mechanism referred to as the <em>ID Placeholder.</em></p>
<p>The key management server SHALL implement a temporary variable called
the ID Placeholder. This value consists of a single Unique Identifier.
It is a variable stored inside the server that is only valid and
preserved during the execution of a batch of operations. Once the batch
of operations has been completed, the ID Placeholder value SHALL be
discarded and/or invalidated by the server, so that subsequent requests
do not find this previous ID Placeholder available.</p>
<p>The ID Placeholder is obtained from the Unique Identifier returned in
response to the Create, Create Pair, Register, Derive Key, Re-key,
Re-key Key Pair, Certify, Re-Certify, Locate, and Recover operations. If
any of these operations successfully completes and returns a Unique
Identifier, then the server SHALL copy this Unique Identifier into the
ID Placeholder variable, where it is held until the completion of the
operations remaining in the batched request or until a subsequent
operation in the batch causes the ID Placeholder to be replaced. If the
Batch Error Continuation Option is set to Stop and the Batch Order
Option is set to true, then subsequent operations in the batched request
MAY make use of the ID Placeholder by omitting the Unique Identifier
field from the request payloads for these operations.</p>
<p>Requests MAY contain attribute values to be assigned to the object.
This information is specified with a Template-Attribute (see Section <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a>) that contains zero or
more template names and zero or more individual attributes. If more than
one template name is specified, and there is a conflict between the
single-instance attributes in the templates, then the value in the last
of the conflicting templates takes precedence. If there is a conflict
between the single-instance attributes in the request and the
single-instance attributes in a specified template, then the attribute
values in the request take precedence. For multi-instance attributes,
the union of attribute values is used when the attributes are specified
more than once.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a <em>Name</em> within a
<em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</p>
<p>Responses MAY contain attribute values that were not specified in the
request, but have been implicitly set by the server. This information is
specified with a Template-Attribute that contains one or more individual
attributes.</p>
<p>For any operations that operate on Managed Objects already stored on
the server, any archived object SHALL first be made available by a
Recover operation (see Section <a href="#recover">4.23</a>) before they
MAY be specified (i.e., as on-line objects).</p>
<p>Multi-part cryptographic operations (operations where a stream of
data is provided across multiple requests from a client to a server) are
optionally supported by those cryptographic operations that include the
Correlation Value (see section <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a>),
Init Indicator (see section <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a>) and
Final Indicator (see section <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a>)
request parameters.</p>
<p>For multi-part cryptographic operations the following sequence is
performed</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>On the first request</p>
<ol type="a">
<li><p>Provide an Init Indicator with a value of True</p></li>
<li><p>Provide any other required parameters</p></li>
<li><p>Preserve the Correlation Value returned in the response for use
in subsequent requests</p></li>
<li><p>Use the Data output (if any) from the response</p></li>
</ol></li>
<li><p>On subsequent requests</p>
<ol type="a">
<li><p>Provide the Correlation Value from the response to the first
request</p></li>
<li><p>Provide any other required parameters</p></li>
<li><p>Use the next block of Data output (if any) from the
response</p></li>
</ol></li>
<li><p>On the final request</p>
<ol type="a">
<li><p>Provide the Correlation Value from the response to the first
request</p></li>
<li><p>Provide a Final Indicator with a value of True</p></li>
<li><p>Use the final block of Data output (if any) from the
response</p></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Single-part cryptographic operations (operations where a single input
is provided and a single response returned) the following sequence is
performed:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>On each request</p>
<ol type="a">
<li><p>Do not provide an Init Indicator, Final Indicator or Correlation
Value or provide an Init indicator and Final Indicator but no
Correlation Value.</p></li>
<li><p>Provide any other required parameters</p></li>
<li><p>Use the Data output from the response</p></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Data is always required in cryptographic operations except when
either Init Indicator or Final Indicator is true.</p>
<h2 id="create">Create</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to generate a new symmetric key as
a Managed Cryptographic Object. This operation is not used to create a
Template object (see Register operation, Section <a
href="#register">4.3</a>).</p>
<p>The request contains information about the type of object being
created, and some of the attributes to be assigned to the object (e.g.,
Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). This information
MAY be specified by the names of Template objects that already
exist.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier of the created object.
The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this operation
into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Create Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Determines the type of object to be created.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td><p>Specifies desired attributes using to be associated with the new
object templates and/or individual attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Create Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Type of object created.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the newly created object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not
specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key
management server.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><a href="#_Ref242028927">Table 165</a> indicates which attributes
SHALL be included in the Create request using the Template-Attribute
object.</p>
<table style="width:73%;">
<caption><p>: Create Attribute Requirements</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Attribute</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Algorithm, see <a
href="#cryptographic-algorithm">3.4</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Usage Mask, see <a
href="#cryptographic-usage-mask">3.19</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="create-key-pair">Create Key Pair</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to generate a new public/private
key pair and register the two corresponding new Managed Cryptographic
Objects.</p>
<p>The request contains attributes to be assigned to the objects (e.g.,
Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). Attributes and
Template Names MAY be specified for both keys at the same time by
specifying a Common Template-Attribute object in the request. Attributes
not common to both keys (e.g., Name, Cryptographic Usage Mask) MAY be
specified using the Private Key Template-Attribute and Public Key
Template-Attribute objects in the request, which take precedence over
the Common Template-Attribute object.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a <em>Name</em> within a
<em>Template-Attribute</em> to reference a <em>Template</em>.</p>
<p>For the Private Key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link
Type Public Key pointing to the Public Key. For the Public Key, the
server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type Private Key pointing
to the Private Key. The response contains the Unique Identifiers of both
created objects. The ID Placeholder value SHALL be set to the Unique
Identifier of the Private Key.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Create Key Pair Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Request
Payload</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Object</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">REQUIRED</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Common Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">No</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>Specifies desired attributes in
templates and/or as individual attributes to be associated with the new
object that apply to both the Private and Public Key Objects.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Private Key Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">No</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>Specifies templates and/or attributes
to be associated with the new object that apply to the Private Key
Object. Order of precedence applies.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Public Key Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">No</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>Specifies templates and/or attributes
to be associated with the new object that apply to the Public Key
Object. Order of precedence applies.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>For multi-instance attributes, the union of the values found in the
templates and attributes of the Common, Private, and Public Key
Template-Attribute SHALL be used. For single-instance attributes, the
order of precedence is as follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>attributes specified explicitly in the Private and Public Key
Template-Attribute, then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified via templates in the Private and Public Key
Template-Attribute, then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified explicitly in the Common Template-Attribute,
then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified via templates in the Common
Template-Attribute.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>If there are multiple templates in the Common, Private, or Public Key
Template-Attribute, then the last value of the single-instance attribute
that conflicts takes precedence.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Create Key Pair Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key Unique Identifier, see <a
href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the newly created Private Key object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key Unique Identifier, see <a
href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the newly created Public Key object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Private Key Object, with
values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly
set by the key management server.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Public Key Object, with
values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly
set by the key management server.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><a href="#_Ref242028836">Table 168</a> indicates which attributes
SHALL be included in the Create Key pair request using
Template-Attribute objects, as well as which attributes SHALL have the
same value for the Private and Public Key.</p>
<table style="width:78%;">
<caption><p>: Create Key Pair Attribute Requirements</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 20%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Attribute</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>SHALL contain the same value for both Private and Public Key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Algorithm, see <a
href="#cryptographic-algorithm">3.4</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Length, see <a
href="#cryptographic-length">3.5</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Usage Mask, see <a
href="#cryptographic-usage-mask">3.19</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>No</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Domain Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters">3.7</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Setting the same Cryptographic Length value for both private and
public key does not imply that both keys are of equal length. For RSA,
Cryptographic Length corresponds to the bit length of the Modulus. For
DSA and DH algorithms, Cryptographic Length corresponds to the bit
length of parameter P, and the bit length of Q is set separately in the
Cryptographic Domain Parameters attribute. For ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV
algorithms, Cryptographic Length corresponds to the bit length of
parameter Q.</p>
<h2 id="register">Register</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to register a Managed Object that
was created by the client or obtained by the client through some other
means, allowing the server to manage the object. The arguments in the
request are similar to those in the Create operation, but contain the
object itself for storage by the server.</p>
<p>The request contains information about the type of object being
registered and attributes to be assigned to the object (e.g.,
Cryptographic Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). This information
SHALL be specified by the use of a Template-Attribute object.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier assigned by the server to
the registered object. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier
returned by this operations into the ID Placeholder variable. The
Initial Date attribute of the object SHALL be set to the current
time.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Register Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Determines the type of object being registered.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td><p>Specifies desired object attributes to be associated with the new
object using templates and/or individual attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate, Symmetric Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key,
Template Secret Data or Opaque Object, see <a
href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The object being registered. The object and attributes MAY be
wrapped.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Register Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the newly registered object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not
specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key
management server.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If a Managed Cryptographic Object is registered, then the following
attributes SHALL be included in the Register request, either explicitly,
or via specification of a template that contains the attribute.</p>
<table style="width:52%;">
<caption><p>: Register Attribute Requirements</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 25%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Attribute</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Algorithm, see <a
href="#cryptographic-algorithm">3.4</a></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be omitted only if this information is encapsulated in the
Key Block. Does not apply to Secret Data. If present, then Cryptographic
Length below SHALL also be present.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Length, see <a
href="#cryptographic-length">3.5</a></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be omitted only if this information is encapsulated in the
Key Block. Does not apply to Secret Data. If present, then Cryptographic
Algorithm above SHALL also be present.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Length, see <a href="#certificate-length">3.9</a></td>
<td>Yes. Only applies to Certificates.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Usage Mask, see <a
href="#cryptographic-usage-mask">3.19</a></td>
<td>Yes.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digital Signature Algorithm, see <a
href="#digital-signature-algorithm">3.16</a></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be omitted only if this information is encapsulated in the
Certificate object. Only applies to Certificates.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-key">Re-key</h2>
<p>This request is used to generate a replacement key for an existing
symmetric key. It is analogous to the Create operation, except that
attributes of the replacement key are copied from the existing key, with
the exception of the attributes listed in <a
href="#random-number-generator">Random Number Generator</a> <a
href="#random-number-generator">3.44</a>.</p>
<p>As the replacement key takes over the name attribute of the existing
key, Re-key SHOULD only be performed once on a given key.</p>
<p>The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier of the replacement key
returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<p>For the existing key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of
Link Type Replacement Object pointing to the replacement key. For the
replacement key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type
Replaced Key pointing to the existing key.</p>
<p>An <em>Offset</em> MAY be used to indicate the difference between the
Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the replacement key. If
no Offset is specified, the Activation Date, Process Start Date, Protect
Stop Date and Deactivation Date values are copied from the existing key.
If Offset is set and dates exist for the existing key, then the dates of
the replacement key SHALL be set based on the dates of the existing key
as follows:</p>
<table style="width:85%;">
<caption><p>: Computing New Dates from Offset during
Re-key</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 38%" />
<col style="width: 46%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Attribute in Existing Key</td>
<td>Attribute in Replacement Key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em>)</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>2</sub></em>) &gt;
<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em></p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>) = <em>IT<sub>2</sub>+
Offset</em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Process Start Date (<em>CT<sub>1</sub></em>)</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Process Start Date =
<em>CT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-
<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Protect Stop Date (<em>TT<sub>1</sub></em>)</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Protect Stop Date = <em>TT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-
<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Deactivation Date (<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>)</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Deactivation Date = <em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-
<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Attributes requiring special handling when creating the replacement
key are:</p>
<table style="width:52%;">
<caption><p>: Re-key Attribute Requirements</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 25%" />
<col style="width: 26%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Attribute</td>
<td>Action</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial Date, see <a href="#initial-date">3.23</a></td>
<td>Set to the current time</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Destroy Date, see <a href="#destroy-date">3.28</a></td>
<td>Not set</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Occurrence Date, see <a
href="#compromise-occurrence-date">3.29</a></td>
<td>Not set</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Date, see <a href="#compromise-date">3.30</a></td>
<td>Not set</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason, see <a href="#revocation-reason">3.31</a></td>
<td>Not set</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>New value generated</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits, see <a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a></td>
<td>The Total value is copied from the existing key, and the Count value
in the existing key is set to the Total value.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name, see <a href="#name">3.2</a></td>
<td>Set to the name(s) of the existing key; all name attributes are
removed from the existing key.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>State, see <a href="#state">3.22</a></td>
<td>Set based on attributes values, such as dates, as shown in <a
href="#_Ref242081406">Table 172</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digest, see <a href="#digital-signature-algorithm">3.16</a></td>
<td>Recomputed from the replacement key value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Link, see <a href="#link">3.35</a></td>
<td>Set to point to the existing key as the replaced key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Change Date, see <a href="#last-change-date">3.38</a></td>
<td>Set to current time</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Random Number Generator, see <a
href="#random-number-generator">3.44</a></td>
<td>Set to the random number generator used for creating the new managed
object. Not copied from the original object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Re-key Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the existing Symmetric Key being re-keyed. If omitted,
then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique
Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Offset</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>An Interval object indicating the difference between the
Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the replacement key to be
created.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or
individual attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Re-key Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the newly-created replacement Symmetric
Key.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not
specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key
management server.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-key-key-pair">Re-key Key Pair</h2>
<p>This request is used to generate a replacement key pair for an
existing public/private key pair. It is analogous to the Create Key Pair
operation, except that attributes of the replacement key pair are copied
from the existing key pair, with the exception of the attributes listed
in <a href="#random-number-generator">Random Number Generator</a> <a
href="#random-number-generator">3.44</a></p>
<p>As the replacement of the key pair takes over the name attribute for
the existing public/private key pair, Re-key Key Pair SHOULD only be
performed once on a given key pair.</p>
<p>For both the existing public key and private key, the server SHALL
create a Link attribute of Link Type Replacement Key pointing to the
replacement public and private key, respectively. For both the
replacement public and private key, the server SHALL create a Link
attribute of Link Type Replaced Key pointing to the existing public and
private key, respectively.</p>
<p>The server SHALL copy the Private Key Unique Identifier of the
replacement private key returned by this operation into the ID
Placeholder variable.</p>
<p>An <em>Offset</em> MAY be used to indicate the difference between the
Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the replacement key pair.
If no Offset is specified, the Activation Date and Deactivation Date
values are copied from the existing key pair. If Offset is set and dates
exist for the existing key pair, then the dates of the replacement key
pair SHALL be set based on the dates of the existing key pair as
follows</p>
<table style="width:85%;">
<caption><p>: Computing New Dates from Offset during Re-key Key
Pair</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 38%" />
<col style="width: 46%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Attribute in Existing Key Pair</td>
<td>Attribute in Replacement Key Pair</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em>)</td>
<td>Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>2</sub></em>) &gt;
<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</td>
<td>Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>) = <em>IT<sub>2</sub>+
Offset</em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deactivation Date (<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>)</td>
<td>Deactivation Date =
<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-
<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Attributes for the replacement key pair that are not copied from the
existing key pair and which are handled in a specific way are:</p>
<table style="width:85%;">
<caption><p>: Re-key Key Pair Attribute Requirements</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 25%" />
<col style="width: 58%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Attribute</td>
<td>Action</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key Unique Identifier, see <a
href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>New value generated</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key Unique Identifier, see <a
href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>New value generated</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name, see <a href="#name">3.2</a></td>
<td>Set to the name(s) of the existing public/private keys; all name
attributes of the existing public/private keys are removed.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digest, see <a href="#digest">3.17</a></td>
<td>Recomputed for both replacement public and private keys from the new
public and private key values</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits, see <a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a></td>
<td>The Total Bytes/Total Objects value is copied from the existing key
pair, while the Byte Count/Object Count values are set to the Total
Bytes/Total Objects.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>State, see <a href="#state">3.22</a></td>
<td>Set based on attributes values, such as dates, as shown in <a
href="#_Ref233098884">Table 176</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial Date, see <a href="#initial-date">3.23</a></td>
<td>Set to the current time</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Destroy Date, see <a href="#destroy-date">3.28</a></td>
<td>Not set</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Occurrence Date, see <a
href="#compromise-occurrence-date">3.29</a></td>
<td>Not set</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Date, see <a href="#compromise-date">3.30</a></td>
<td>Not set</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason, see <a href="#revocation-reason">3.31</a></td>
<td>Not set</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Link, see <a href="#link">3.35</a></td>
<td>Set to point to the existing public/private keys as the replaced
public/private keys</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Change Date, see <a href="#last-change-date">3.38</a></td>
<td>Set to current time</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Random Number Generator, see <a
href="#random-number-generator">3.44</a></td>
<td>Set to the random number generator used for creating the new managed
object. Not copied from the original object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Re-key Key Pair Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 49%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Request
Payload</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Object</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">REQUIRED</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Private Key Unique Identifier, see <a
href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">No</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Determines the existing Asymmetric key
pair to be re-keyed. If omitted, then the ID Placeholder is substituted
by the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Offset</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">No</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">An Interval object indicating the
difference between the Initialization date and the Activation Date of
the replacement key pair to be created.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Common Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">No</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>Specifies desired attributes in
templates and/or as individual attributes that apply to both the Private
and Public Key Objects.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Private Key Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">No</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>Specifies templates and/or attributes
that apply to the Private Key Object. Order of precedence applies.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Public Key Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">No</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>Specifies templates and/or attributes
that apply to the Public Key Object. Order of precedence applies.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>For multi-instance attributes, the union of the values found in the
templates and attributes of the Common, Private, and Public Key
Template-Attribute is used. For single-instance attributes, the order of
precedence is as follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>attributes specified explicitly in the Private and Public Key
Template-Attribute, then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified via templates in the Private and Public Key
Template-Attribute, then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified explicitly in the Common Template-Attribute,
then</p></li>
<li><p>attributes specified via templates in the Common
Template-Attribute.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>If there are multiple templates in the Common, Private, or Public Key
Template-Attribute, then the subsequent value of the single-instance
attribute takes precedence.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Re-key Key Pair Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key Unique Identifier, see <a
href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the newly created replacement Private Key
object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key Unique Identifier, see <a
href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the newly created replacement Public Key
object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Private Key Object, with
values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly
set by the key management server.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An OPTIONAL list of attributes, for the Public Key Object, with
values that were not specified in the request, but have been implicitly
set by the key management server.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="derive-key">Derive Key </h2>
<p>This request is used to derive a Symmetric Key or Secret Data object
from keys or Secret Data objects that are already known to the key
management system. The request SHALL only apply to Managed Cryptographic
Objects that have the Derive Key bit set in the Cryptographic Usage Mask
attribute of the specified Managed Object (i.e., are able to be used for
key derivation). If the operation is issued for an object that does not
have this bit set, then the server SHALL return an error. For all
derivation methods, the client SHALL specify the desired length of the
derived key or Secret Data object using the Cryptographic Length
attribute. If a key is created, then the client SHALL specify both its
Cryptographic Length and Cryptographic Algorithm. If the specified
length exceeds the output of the derivation method, then the server
SHALL return an error. Clients MAY derive multiple keys and IVs by
requesting the creation of a Secret Data object and specifying a
Cryptographic Length that is the total length of the derived object. If
the specified length exceeds the output of the derivation method, then
the server SHALL return an error.</p>
<p>The fields in the request specify the Unique Identifiers of the keys
or Secret Data objects to be used for derivation (e.g., some derivation
methods MAY use multiple keys or Secret Data objects to derive the
result), the method to be used to perform the derivation, and any
parameters needed by the specified method. The method is specified as an
enumerated value. Currently defined derivation methods include:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>PBKDF2</em> – This method is used to derive a symmetric key
from a password or pass phrase. The PBKDF2 method is published in <a
href="#PKCS5"><strong>[PKCS#5]</strong></a> and <a
href="#RFC2898"><strong>[RFC2898]</strong></a>.</p></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><p><em>HASH</em> – This method derives a key by computing a hash
over the derivation key or the derivation data.</p></li>
<li><p><em>HMAC</em> – This method derives a key by computing an HMAC
over the derivation data.</p></li>
<li><p><em>ENCRYPT</em> – This method derives a key by encrypting the
derivation data.</p></li>
<li><p><em>NIST800-108-C</em> – This method derives a key by computing
the KDF in Counter Mode as specified in <a
href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>NIST800-108-F</em> – This method derives a key by computing
the KDF in Feedback Mode as specified in <a
href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>NIST800-108-DPI</em> – This method derives a key by computing
the KDF in Double-Pipeline Iteration Mode as specified in <a
href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Extensions.</em></p></li>
</ul>
<p>The server SHALL perform the derivation function, and then register
the derived object as a new Managed Object, returning the new Unique
Identifier for the new object in the response. The server SHALL copy the
Unique Identifier returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder
variable.</p>
<p>For the keys or Secret Data objects from which the key or Secret Data
object is derived, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link Type
Derived Key pointing to the Symmetric Key or Secret Data object derived
as a result of this operation. For the Symmetric Key or Secret Data
object derived as a result of this operation, the server SHALL create a
Link attribute of Link Type Derivation Base Object pointing to the keys
or Secret Data objects from which the key or Secret Data object is
derived.</p>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Derive Key Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 25%" />
<col style="width: 15%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Determines the type of object to be created.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes. MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Determines the object or objects to be used to derive a new key.
Note that the current value of the ID Placeholder SHALL NOT be used in
place of a Unique Identifier in this operation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derivation Method, see <a
href="#derivation-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.21</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>An Enumeration object specifying the method to be used to derive the
new key.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derivation Parameters, see below</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>A Structure object containing the parameters needed by the specified
derivation method.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td><p>Specifies desired attributes to be associated with the new object
using templates and/or individual attributes; the length and algorithm
SHALL always be specified for the creation of a symmetric key.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:91%;">
<caption><p>: Derive Key Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 24%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 53%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the newly derived key or Secret Data
object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not
specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key
management server.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <em>Derivation Parameters</em> for all derivation methods consist
of the following parameters, except PBKDF2, which takes two additional
parameters.</p>
<table style="width:85%;">
<caption><p>: Derivation Parameters Structure (Except
PBKDF2)</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derivation Parameters</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td>Yes.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Cryptographic Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, except for HMAC derivation keys.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Initialization Vector</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, depends on PRF and mode of operation: empty IV is assumed if not
provided.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Derivation Data</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, unless the Unique Identifier of a Secret Data object is
provided.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Cryptographic Parameters identify the Pseudorandom Function (PRF) or
the mode of operation of the PRF (e.g., if a key is to be derived using
the HASH derivation method, then clients are REQUIRED to indicate the
hash algorithm inside Cryptographic Parameters; similarly, if a key is
to be derived using AES in CBC mode, then clients are REQUIRED to
indicate the Block Cipher Mode). The server SHALL verify that the
specified mode matches one of the instances of Cryptographic Parameters
set for the corresponding key. If Cryptographic Parameters are omitted,
then the server SHALL select the Cryptographic Parameters with the
lowest Attribute Index for the specified key. If the corresponding key
does not have any Cryptographic Parameters attribute, or if no match is
found, then an error is returned.</p>
<p>If a key is derived using HMAC, then the attributes of the derivation
key provide enough information about the PRF, and the Cryptographic
Parameters are ignored.</p>
<p>Derivation Data is either the data to be encrypted, hashed, or
HMACed. For the NIST SP 800-108 methods <a
href="#SP800_108"><strong>[SP800-108]</strong></a>, Derivation Data is
Label||{0x00}||Context, where the all-zero byte is OPTIONAL.</p>
<p>Most derivation methods (e.g., Encrypt) REQUIRE a derivation key and
the derivation data to be used. The HASH derivation method REQUIRES
either a derivation key or derivation data. Derivation data MAY either
be explicitly provided by the client with the Derivation Data field or
implicitly provided by providing the Unique Identifier of a Secret Data
object. If both are provided, then an error SHALL be returned.</p>
<p>The PBKDF2 derivation method takes two additional parameters:</p>
<table style="width:96%;">
<caption><p>: PBKDF2 Derivation Parameters Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 22%" />
<col style="width: 44%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derivation Parameters</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td>Yes.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Cryptographic Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, depends on the PRF.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Initialization Vector</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>No, depends on the PRF (if different than those defined in <a
href="#PKCS5"><strong>[PKCS#5]</strong></a>) and mode of operation: an
empty IV is assumed if not provided.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Derivation Data</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, unless the Unique Identifier of a Secret Data object is
provided.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Salt</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Byte String</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Iteration Count</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certify">Certify</h2>
<p>This request is used to generate a Certificate object for a public
key. This request supports the certification of a new public key, as
well as the certification of a public key that has already been
certified (i.e., certificate update). Only a single certificate SHALL be
requested at a time. Server support for this operation is OPTIONAL. If
the server does not support this operation, an error SHALL be
returned.</p>
<p>The Certificate Request object MAY be omitted, in which case the
public key for which a Certificate object is generated SHALL be
specified by its Unique Identifier only. If the Certificate Request Type
and the Certificate Request objects are omitted from the request, then
the Certificate Type SHALL be specified using the Template-Attribute
object.</p>
<p>The Certificate Request is passed as a Byte String, which allows
multiple certificate request types for X.509 certificates (e.g.,
PKCS#10, PEM, etc.) to be submitted to the server.</p>
<p>The generated Certificate object whose Unique Identifier is returned
MAY be obtained by the client via a Get operation in the same batch,
using the ID Placeholder mechanism.</p>
<p>For the public key, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link
Type Certificate pointing to the generated certificate. For the
generated certificate, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link
Type Public Key pointing to the Public Key.</p>
<p>The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier of the generated
certificate returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder
variable.</p>
<p>If the information in the Certificate Request conflicts with the
attributes specified in the Template-Attribute, then the information in
the Certificate Request takes precedence.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Certify Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Public Key being certified. If omitted,
then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique
Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Request Type, see <a
href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.22</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>An Enumeration object specifying the type of certificate request. It
is REQUIRED if the Certificate Request is present.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Request</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>A Byte String object with the certificate request.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or
individual attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Certify Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the generated Certificate object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not
specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key
management server.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-certify">Re-certify</h2>
<p>This request is used to renew an existing certificate for the same
key pair. Only a single certificate SHALL be renewed at a time. Server
support for this operation is OPTIONAL. If the server does not support
this operation, an error SHALL be returned.</p>
<p>The Certificate Request object MAY be omitted, in which case the
public key for which a Certificate object is generated SHALL be
specified by its Unique Identifier only. If the Certificate Request Type
and the Certificate Request objects are omitted and the Certificate Type
is not specified using the Template-Attribute object in the request,
then the Certificate Type of the new certificate SHALL be the same as
that of the existing certificate.</p>
<p>The Certificate Request is passed as a Byte String, which allows
multiple certificate request types for X.509 certificates (e.g.,
PKCS#10, PEM, etc.) to be submitted to the server.</p>
<p>The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier of the new certificate
returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<p>If the information in the Certificate Request field in the request
conflicts with the attributes specified in the Template-Attribute, then
the information in the Certificate Request takes precedence.</p>
<p>As the new certificate takes over the name attribute of the existing
certificate, Re-certify SHOULD only be performed once on a given
(existing) certificate.</p>
<p>For the existing certificate, the server SHALL create a Link
attribute of Link Type Replacement pointing to the new certificate. For
the new certificate, the server SHALL create a Link attribute of Link
Type Replaced pointing to the existing certificate. For the public key,
the server SHALL change the Link attribute of Link Type Certificate to
point to the new certificate.</p>
<p>An <em>Offset</em> MAY be used to indicate the difference between the
Initialization Date and the Activation Date of the new certificate. If
no Offset is specified, the Activation Date and Deactivation Date values
are copied from the existing certificate. If Offset is set and dates
exist for the existing certificate, then the dates of the new
certificate SHALL be set based on the dates of the existing certificate
as follows:</p>
<table style="width:85%;">
<caption><p>: Computing New Dates from Offset during
Re-certify</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 38%" />
<col style="width: 46%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Attribute in Existing Certificate</td>
<td>Attribute in New Certificate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em>)</td>
<td>Initial Date (<em>IT<sub>2</sub></em>) &gt;
<em>IT<sub>1</sub></em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</td>
<td>Activation Date (<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>) = <em>IT<sub>2</sub>+
Offset</em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deactivation Date (<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>)</td>
<td>Deactivation Date =
<em>DT<sub>1</sub></em>+(<em>AT<sub>2</sub></em>-
<em>AT<sub>1</sub></em>)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Attributes that are not copied from the existing certificate and that
are handled in a specific way for the new certificate are:</p>
<table style="width:81%;">
<caption><p>: Re-certify Attribute Requirements</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Attribute</td>
<td>Action</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial Date, see <a href="#initial-date">3.23</a></td>
<td>Set to current time.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Destroy Date, see <a href="#destroy-date">3.28</a></td>
<td>Not set.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason, see <a href="#revocation-reason">3.31</a></td>
<td>Not set.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#name">3.2</a></td>
<td>New value generated.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name, see <a href="#name">3.2</a></td>
<td>Set to the name(s) of the existing certificate; all name attributes
are removed from the existing certificate.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>State, see <a href="#state">3.22</a></td>
<td>Set based on attributes values, such as dates, as shown in <a
href="#_Ref242083523">Table 186</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digest, see <a href="#digital-signature-algorithm">3.16</a></td>
<td>Recomputed from the new certificate value.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Link, see <a href="#link">3.35</a></td>
<td>Set to point to the existing certificate as the replaced
certificate.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Change Date, see <a href="#last-change-date">3.38</a></td>
<td>Set to current time.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:92%;">
<caption><p>: Re-certify Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 40%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Certificate being renewed. If omitted,
then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique
Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Request Type, see <a
href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.22</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>An Enumeration object specifying the type of certificate request. It
is REQUIRED if the Certificate Request is present.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Request</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>A Byte String object with the certificate request.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Offset</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>An Interval object indicating the difference between the Initial
Date of the new certificate and the Activation Date of the new
certificate.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or
individual attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:92%;">
<caption><p>: Re-certify Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 40%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the new certificate.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not
specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key
management server.</p>
<p>The <em>Template</em> Managed Object is deprecated as of version 1.3
of this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification. Individual Attributes SHOULD be used in operations which
currently support use of a Name within a <em>Template-Attribute</em> to
reference a <em>Template</em>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="locate">Locate</h2>
<p>This operation requests that the server search for one or more
Managed Objects, depending on the attributes specified in the request.
All attributes are allowed to be used. However, Attribute Index values
SHOULD NOT be specified in the request. Attribute Index values that are
provided SHALL be ignored by the server. The request MAY contain a
<em>Maximum Items</em> field, which specifies the maximum number of
objects to be returned. If the Maximum Items field is omitted, then the
server MAY return all objects matched, or MAY impose an internal maximum
limit due to resource limitations.</p>
<p>The request MAY contain an <em>Offset Items</em> field, which
specifies the number of objects to skip that satisfy the identification
criteria specified in the request. An <em>Offset Items</em> field of 0
is the same as omitting the <em>Offset Items</em> field. If both
<em>Offset Items</em> and <em>Maximum Items</em> are specified in the
request, the server skips <em>Offset Items</em> objects and returns up
to <em>Maximum Items</em> objects.</p>
<p>If more than one object satisfies the identification criteria
specified in the request, then the response MAY contain Unique
Identifiers for multiple Managed Objects. Returned objects SHALL match
all of the attributes in the request. If no objects match, then an empty
response payload is returned. If no attribute is specified in the
request, any object SHALL be deemed to match the Locate request. The
response MAY include <em>Located Items</em> which is the count of all
objects that satisfy the identification criteria.</p>
<p>The server returns a list of Unique Identifiers of the found objects,
which then MAY be retrieved using the Get operation. If the objects are
archived, then the Recover and Get operations are REQUIRED to be used to
obtain those objects. If a single Unique Identifier is returned to the
client, then the server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by
this operation into the ID Placeholder variable. If the Locate operation
matches more than one object, and the Maximum Items value is omitted in
the request, or is set to a value larger than one, then the server SHALL
empty the ID Placeholder, causing any subsequent operations that are
batched with the Locate, and which do not specify a Unique Identifier
explicitly, to fail. This ensures that these batched operations SHALL
proceed only if a single object is returned by Locate.</p>
<p>Wild-cards or regular expressions (defined, e.g., in <a
href="#ISOIEC_99452"><strong>[ISO/IEC 9945-2]</strong></a>) MAY be
supported by specific key management system implementations for matching
attribute fields when the field type is a Text String or a Byte
String.</p>
<p>The Date attributes in the Locate request (e.g., Initial Date,
Activation Date, etc.) are used to specify a time or a time range for
the search. If a single instance of a given Date attribute is used in
the request (e.g., the Activation Date), then objects with the same Date
attribute are considered to be matching candidate objects. If two
instances of the same Date attribute are used (i.e., with two different
values specifying a range), then objects for which the Date attribute is
inside or at a limit of the range are considered to be matching
candidate objects. If a Date attribute is set to its largest possible
value, then it is equivalent to an undefined attribute. The KMIP Usage
Guide <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a> provides
examples.</p>
<p>When the Cryptographic Usage Mask attribute is specified in the
request, candidate objects are compared against this field via an
operation that consists of a logical AND of the requested mask with the
mask in the candidate object, and then a comparison of the resulting
value with the requested mask. For example, if the request contains a
mask value of 10001100010000, and a candidate object mask contains
10000100010000, then the logical AND of the two masks is 10000100010000,
which is compared against the mask value in the request (10001100010000)
and the match fails. This means that a matching candidate object has all
of the bits set in its mask that are set in the requested mask, but MAY
have additional bits set.</p>
<p>When the Usage Limits attribute is specified in the request, matching
candidate objects SHALL have a Usage Limits Count and Usage Limits Total
equal to or larger than the values specified in the request.</p>
<p>When an attribute that is defined as a structure is specified, all of
the structure fields are not REQUIRED to be specified. For instance, for
the Link attribute, if the Linked Object Identifier value is specified
without the Link Type value, then matching candidate objects have the
Linked Object Identifier as specified, irrespective of their Link
Type.</p>
<p>When the Object Group attribute and the Object Group Member flag are
specified in the request, and the value specified for Object Group
Member is ‘Group Member Fresh’, matching candidate objects SHALL be
fresh objects (see <a href="#fresh">3.34</a>) from the object group. If
there are no more fresh objects in the group, the server MAY choose to
generate a new object on-the-fly, based on server policy. If the value
specified for Object Group Member is ‘Group Member Default’, the server
locates the default object as defined by server policy.</p>
<p>The Storage Status Mask field (see Section <a
href="#storage-status-mask">9.1.3.3.2</a>) is used to indicate whether
only on-line objects, only archived objects, or both on-line and
archived objects are to be searched. Note that the server MAY store
attributes of archived objects in order to expedite Locate operations
that search through archived objects.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Locate Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum Items</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>An Integer object that indicates the maximum number of object
identifiers the server MAY return.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Offset Items</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>An Integer object that indicates the number of object identifiers to
skip that satisfy the identification criteria specified in the
request.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Storage Status Mask, see <a
href="#storage-status-mask">9.1.3.3.2</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>An Integer object (used as a bit mask) that indicates whether only
on-line objects, only archived objects, or both on-line and archived
objects are to be searched. If omitted, then on-line only is
assumed.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Group Member, see <a
href="#object-group-member-enumeration">9.1.3.2.33</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>An Enumeration object that indicates the object group member
type.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attributes">3</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies an attribute and its value(s) that are REQUIRED to match
those in a candidate object (according to the matching rules defined
above).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Locate Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Located Items</td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>An Integer object that indicates the number of object identifiers
that satisfy the identification criteria specified in the request. A
server MAY elect to omit this value from the Response if it is unable or
unwilling to determine the total count of matched items.</p>
<p>A server MAY elect to return the Located Items value even if Offset
Items is not present in the Request.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the located objects.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="check">Check</h2>
<p>This operation requests that the server check for the use of a
Managed Object according to values specified in the request. This
operation SHOULD only be used when placed in a batched set of
operations, usually following a Locate, Create, Create Pair, Derive Key,
Certify, Re-Certify, Re-key or Re-key Key Pair operation, and followed
by a Get operation.</p>
<p>If the server determines that the client is allowed to use the object
according to the specified attributes, then the server returns the
Unique Identifier of the object.</p>
<p>If the server determines that the client is not allowed to use the
object according to the specified attributes, then the server empties
the ID Placeholder and does not return the Unique Identifier, and the
operation returns the set of attributes specified in the request that
caused the server policy denial. The only attributes returned are those
that resulted in the server determining that the client is not allowed
to use the object, thus allowing the client to determine how to
proceed.</p>
<p>In a batch containing a Check operation the Batch Order Option SHOULD
be set to true. Only STOP or UNDO Batch Error Continuation Option values
SHOULD be used by the client in such a batch. Additional attributes that
MAY be specified in the request are limited to:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Usage Limits Count (see Section <a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a>)
– The request MAY contain the usage amount that the client deems
necessary to complete its needed function. This does not require that
any subsequent Get Usage Allocation operations request this amount. It
only means that the client is ensuring that the amount specified is
available.</p></li>
<li><p>Cryptographic Usage Mask – This is used to specify the
cryptographic operations for which the client intends to use the object
(see Section <a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask">3.19</a>). This allows
the server to determine if the policy allows this client to perform
these operations with the object. Note that this MAY be a different
value from the one specified in a Locate operation that precedes this
operation. Locate, for example, MAY specify a Cryptographic Usage Mask
requesting a key that MAY be used for both Encryption and Decryption,
but the value in the Check operation MAY specify that the client is only
using the key for Encryption at this time.</p></li>
<li><p>Lease Time – This specifies a desired lease time (see Section <a
href="#lease-time">3.20</a>). The client MAY use this to determine if
the server allows the client to use the object with the specified lease
or longer. Including this attribute in the Check operation does not
actually cause the server to grant a lease, but only indicates that the
requested lease time value MAY be granted if requested by a subsequent,
batched Obtain Lease operation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note that these objects are not encoded in an Attribute structure as
shown in Section <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Check Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object being checked. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits Count, see <a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the number of Usage Limits Units to be protected to be
checked against server policy.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Usage Mask, see <a
href="#cryptographic-usage-mask">3.19</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the Cryptographic Usage for which the client intends to
use the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Lease Time, see <a href="#lease-time">3.20</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies a Lease Time value that the Client is asking the server to
validate against server policy.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Check Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes, unless a failure,</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits Count, see <a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Returned by the Server if the Usage Limits value specified in the
Request Payload is larger than the value that the server policy
allows.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Usage Mask, see <a
href="#cryptographic-usage-mask">3.19</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Returned by the Server if the Cryptographic Usage Mask specified in
the Request Payload is rejected by the server for policy violation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Lease Time, see <a href="#lease-time">3.20</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Returned by the Server if the Lease Time value in the Request
Payload is larger than a valid Lease Time that the server MAY
grant.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get">Get</h2>
<p>This operation requests that the server returns the Managed Object
specified by its Unique Identifier.</p>
<p>Only a single object is returned. The response contains the Unique
Identifier of the object, along with the object itself, which MAY be
wrapped using a wrapping key as specified in the request.</p>
<p>The following key format capabilities SHALL be assumed by the client;
restrictions apply when the client requests the server to return an
object in a particular format:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If a client registered a key in a given format, the server SHALL
be able to return the key during the Get operation in the same format
that was used when the key was registered.</p></li>
<li><p>Any other format conversion MAY be supported by the
server.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If Key Format Type is specified to be PKCS#12 then the response
payload SHALL be a PKCS#12 container as specified by [RFC7292]. The
Unique Identifier SHALL be that of a private key to be included in the
response. The container SHALL be protected using the Secret Data object
specified via the private key’s Secret Data Link. The current
certificate chain SHALL also be included as determined by using the
private key’s Public Key link to get the corresponding public key, and
then using that public key’s Certificate Link to get the base
certificate, and then using each certificate’s Certificate Link to build
the certificate chain. It is an error if there is more than one valid
certificate chain.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Get Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object being requested. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Format Type, see <a
href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the key format type to be returned.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrap Type, see <a
href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the Key Wrap Type of the returned key value.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Compression Type, see <a
href="#key-compression-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.2</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the compression method for elliptic curve public
keys.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrapping Specification, see <a
href="#key-wrapping-specification">2.1.6</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies keys and other information for wrapping the returned
object. This field SHALL NOT be specified if the requested object is a
Template.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Get Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Type of object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate, Symmetric Key, PGP Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split
Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see <a
href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The object being returned.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-attributes">Get Attributes</h2>
<p>This operation requests one or more attributes associated with a
Managed Object. The object is specified by its Unique Identifier, and
the attributes are specified by their name in the request. If a
specified attribute has multiple instances, then all instances are
returned. If a specified attribute does not exist (i.e., has no value),
then it SHALL NOT be present in the returned response. If no requested
attributes exist, then the response SHALL consist only of the Unique
Identifier. If no attribute name is specified in the request, all
attributes SHALL be deemed to match the Get Attributes request. The same
attribute name SHALL NOT be present more than once in a request.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Get Attributes Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object whose attributes are being requested. If
omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the
Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute Name, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies the name of an attribute associated with the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Get Attributes Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>The requested attribute associated with the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-attribute-list">Get Attribute List</h2>
<p>This operation requests a list of the attribute names associated with
a Managed Object. The object is specified by its Unique Identifier.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Get Attribute List Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object whose attribute names are being requested. If
omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the
Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Get Attribute List Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute Name, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>The names of the available attributes associated with the
object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="add-attribute">Add Attribute</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to add a new attribute instance to
be associated with a Managed Object and set its value. The request
contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object to which the
attribute pertains, along with the attribute name and value. For
single-instance attributes, this is how the attribute value is created.
For multi-instance attributes, this is how the first and subsequent
values are created. Existing attribute values SHALL only be changed by
the Modify Attribute operation. Read-Only attributes SHALL NOT be added
using the Add Attribute operation. The Attribute Index SHALL NOT be
specified in the request. The response returns a new Attribute Index and
the Attribute Index MAY be omitted if the index of the added attribute
instance is 0. Multiple Add Attribute requests MAY be included in a
single batched request to add multiple attributes.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Add Attribute Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Specifies the attribute to be added as an attribute for the
object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Add Attribute Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The added attribute associated with the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="modify-attribute">Modify Attribute</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to modify the value of an existing
attribute instance associated with a Managed Object. The request
contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object whose attribute is
to be modified, the attribute name, the OPTIONAL Attribute Index, and
the new value. If no Attribute Index is specified in the request, then
the Attribute Index SHALL be assumed to be 0. Only existing attributes
MAY be changed via this operation. New attributes SHALL only be added by
the Add Attribute operation. Only the specified instance of the
attribute SHALL be modified. Specifying an Attribute Index for which
there exists no Attribute object SHALL result in an error. The response
returns the modified Attribute (new value) and the Attribute Index MAY
be omitted if the index of the modified attribute instance is 0.
Multiple Modify Attribute requests MAY be included in a single batched
request to modify multiple attributes.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Modify Attribute Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Specifies the attribute associated with the object to be
modified.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Modify Attribute Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The modified attribute associated with the object with the new
value.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="delete-attribute">Delete Attribute</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to delete an attribute associated
with a Managed Object. The request contains the Unique Identifier of the
Managed Object whose attribute is to be deleted, the attribute name, and
the OPTIONAL Attribute Index of the attribute. If no Attribute Index is
specified in the request, then the Attribute Index SHALL be assumed to
be 0. Attributes that are always REQUIRED to have a value SHALL never be
deleted by this operation. Attempting to delete a non-existent attribute
or specifying an Attribute Index for which there exists no Attribute
Value SHALL result in an error. The response returns the deleted
Attribute and the Attribute Index MAY be omitted if the index of the
deleted attribute instance is 0. Multiple Delete Attribute requests MAY
be included in a single batched request to delete multiple
attributes.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Delete Attribute Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object whose attributes are being deleted. If
omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the
Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute Name, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Specifies the name of the attribute associated with the object to be
deleted.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute Index, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the Index of the Attribute.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Delete Attribute Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The deleted attribute associated with the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="obtain-lease">Obtain Lease</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to obtain a new <em>Lease
Time</em> for a specified Managed Object. The Lease Time is an interval
value that determines when the client's internal cache of information
about the object expires and needs to be renewed. If the returned value
of the lease time is zero, then the server is indicating that no lease
interval is effective, and the client MAY use the object without any
lease time limit. If a client's lease expires, then the client SHALL NOT
use the associated cryptographic object until a new lease is obtained.
If the server determines that a new lease SHALL NOT be issued for the
specified cryptographic object, then the server SHALL respond to the
Obtain Lease request with an error.</p>
<p>The response payload for the operation contains the current value of
the Last Change Date attribute for the object. This MAY be used by the
client to determine if any of the attributes cached by the client need
to be refreshed, by comparing this time to the time when the attributes
were previously obtained.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Obtain Lease Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object for which the lease is being obtained. If
omitted, then the ID Placeholder value is used by the server as the
Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Obtain Lease Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 34%" />
<col style="width: 15%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Lease Time, see <a href="#lease-time">3.20</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>An interval (in seconds) that specifies the amount of time that the
object MAY be used until a new lease needs to be obtained.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Change Date, see <a href="#last-change-date">3.38</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The date and time indicating when the latest change was made to the
contents or any attribute of the specified object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-usage-allocation">Get Usage Allocation</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to obtain an allocation from the
current Usage Limits value to allow the client to use the Managed
Cryptographic Object for applying cryptographic protection. The
allocation only applies to Managed Cryptographic Objects that are able
to be used for applying protection (e.g., symmetric keys for encryption,
private keys for signing, etc.) and is only valid if the Managed
Cryptographic Object has a Usage Limits attribute. Usage for processing
cryptographically protected information (e.g., decryption, verification,
etc.) is not limited and is not able to be allocated. A Managed
Cryptographic Object that has a Usage Limits attribute SHALL NOT be used
by a client for applying cryptographic protection unless an allocation
has been obtained using this operation. The operation SHALL only be
requested during the time that protection is enabled for these objects
(i.e., after the Activation Date and before the Protect Stop Date). If
the operation is requested for an object that has no Usage Limits
attribute, or is not an object that MAY be used for applying
cryptographic protection, then the server SHALL return an error.</p>
<p>The field in the request specifies the number of units that the
client needs to protect. If the requested amount is not available or if
the Managed Object is not able to be used for applying cryptographic
protection at this time, then the server SHALL return an error. The
server SHALL assume that the entire allocated amount is going to be
consumed. Once the entire allocated amount has been consumed, the client
SHALL NOT continue to use the Managed Cryptographic Object for applying
cryptographic protection until a new allocation is obtained.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Get Usage Allocation Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object whose usage allocation is being requested. If
omitted, then the ID Placeholder is substituted by the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits Count, see Usage Limits Count field in <a
href="#usage-limits">3.21</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The number of Usage Limits Units to be protected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Get Usage Allocation Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="activate">Activate</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to activate a Managed
Cryptographic Object. The request SHALL NOT specify a Template object.
The operation SHALL only be performed on an object in the Pre-Active
state and has the effect of changing its state to Active, and setting
its Activation Date to the current date and time.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Activate Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object being activated. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Activate Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="revoke">Revoke</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to revoke a Managed Cryptographic
Object or an Opaque Object. The request SHALL NOT specify a Template
object. The request contains a reason for the revocation (e.g., “key
compromise”, “cessation of operation”, etc.). Special authentication and
authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <a
href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>). Only the object owner
or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this
request. The operation has one of two effects. If the revocation reason
is “key compromise” or “CA compromise”, then the object is placed into
the “compromised” state; the Date is set to the current date and time;
and the Compromise Occurrence Date is set to the value (if provided) in
the Revoke request and if a value is not provided in the Revoke request
then Compromise Occurrence Date SHOULD be set to the Initial Date for
the object. If the revocation reason is neither “key compromise” nor “CA
compromise”, the object is placed into the “deactivated” state, and the
Deactivation Date is set to the current date and time.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Revoke Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object being revoked. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason, see <a href="#revocation-reason">3.31</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Specifies the reason for revocation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Occurrence Date, see <a
href="#compromise-occurrence-date">3.29</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>SHOULD be specified if the Revocation Reason is 'key compromise' or
‘CA compromise’ and SHALL NOT be specified for other Revocation Reason
enumerations.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Revoke Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="destroy">Destroy</h2>
<p>This operation is used to indicate to the server that the key
material for the specified Managed Object SHALL be destroyed. The
meta-data for the key material MAY be retained by the server (e.g., used
to ensure that an expired or revoked private signing key is no longer
available). Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced
to perform this request (see <a
href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>). Only the object owner
or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this
request. If the Unique Identifier specifies a Template object, then the
object itself, including all meta-data, SHALL be destroyed.
Cryptographic Objects MAY only be destroyed if they are in either
Pre-Active or Deactivated state.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Destroy Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object being destroyed. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Destroy Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="archive">Archive</h2>
<p>This operation is used to specify that a Managed Object MAY be
archived. The actual time when the object is archived, the location of
the archive, or level of archive hierarchy is determined by the policies
within the key management system and is not specified by the client. The
request contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed Object. Special
authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this
request (see <a href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>). Only
the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to
issue this request. This request is only an indication from a client
that, from its point of view, the key management system MAY archive the
object.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Archive Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object being archived. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Archive Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="recover">Recover</h2>
<p>This operation is used to obtain access to a Managed Object that has
been archived. This request MAY need asynchronous polling to obtain the
response due to delays caused by retrieving the object from the archive.
Once the response is received, the object is now on-line, and MAY be
obtained (e.g., via a Get operation). Special authentication and
authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see <a
href="#KMIP_UG"><strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong></a>).</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Recover Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object being recovered. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Recover Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="validate">Validate</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to validate a certificate chain
and return information on its validity. Only a single certificate chain
SHALL be included in each request. Support for this operation at the
server is OPTIONAL. If the server does not support this operation, an
error SHALL be returned.</p>
<p>The request MAY contain a list of certificate objects, and/or a list
of Unique Identifiers that identify Managed Certificate objects.
Together, the two lists compose a certificate chain to be validated. The
request MAY also contain a date for which all certificates in the
certificate chain are REQUIRED to be valid.</p>
<p>The method or policy by which validation is conducted is a decision
of the server and is outside of the scope of this protocol. Likewise,
the order in which the supplied certificate chain is validated and the
specification of trust anchors used to terminate validation are also
controlled by the server.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Validate Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate, see <a href="#certificate">2.2.1</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>One or more Certificates.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>One or more Unique Identifiers of Certificate Objects.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validity Date</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>A Date-Time object indicating when the certificate chain needs to be
valid. If omitted, the current date and time SHALL be assumed.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Validate Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validity Indicator, see <a
href="#validity-indicator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.23</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>An Enumeration object indicating whether the certificate chain is
valid, invalid, or unknown.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="query">Query</h2>
<p>This operation is used by the client to interrogate the server to
determine its capabilities and/or protocol mechanisms. The
<em>Query</em> operation SHOULD be invocable by unauthenticated clients
to interrogate server features and functions. The <em>Query
Function</em> field in the request SHALL contain one or more of the
following items:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Query Operations</p></li>
<li><p>Query Objects</p></li>
<li><p>Query Server Information</p></li>
<li><p>Query Application Namespaces</p></li>
<li><p>Query Extension List</p></li>
<li><p>Query Extension Map</p></li>
<li><p>Query Attestation Types</p></li>
<li><p>Query RNGs</p></li>
<li><p>Query Validations</p></li>
<li><p>Query Profiles</p></li>
<li><p>Query Capabilities</p></li>
<li><p>Query Client Registration Methods</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>Operation</em> fields in the response contain Operation
enumerated values, which SHALL list all the operations that the server
supports. If the request contains a Query Operations value in the Query
Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<p>The <em>Object Type</em> fields in the response contain Object Type
enumerated values, which SHALL list all the object types that the server
supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Objects</em> value in the
Query Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the
response.</p>
<p>The <em>Server Information</em> field in the response is a structure
containing vendor-specific fields and/or substructures. If the request
contains a <em>Query Server Information</em> value in the Query Function
field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<p>The <em>Application Namespace</em> fields in the response contain the
namespaces that the server SHALL generate values for if requested by the
client (see Section <a
href="#application-specific-information">3.36</a>). These fields SHALL
only be returned in the response if the request contains a Query
Application Namespaces value in the Query Function field.</p>
<p>The <em>Extension Information</em> fields in the response contain the
descriptions of Objects with Item Tag values in the Extensions range
that are supported by the server (see Section <a
href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a>). If the request contains a
<em>Query Extension List</em> and/or <em>Query Extension Map</em> value
in the Query Function field, then the Extensions Information fields
SHALL be returned in the response. If the Query Function field contains
the Query Extension Map value, then the Extension Tag and Extension Type
fields SHALL be specified in the Extension Information values. If both
Query Extension List and Query Extension Map are specified in the
request, then only the response to Query Extension Map SHALL be returned
and the Query Extension List SHALL be ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>Attestation Type</em> fields in the response contain
Attestation Type enumerated values, which SHALL list all the attestation
types that the server supports. If the request contains a <em>Query
Attestation Types</em> value in the Query Function field, then this
field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any
Attestation Types.</p>
<p>The <em>RNG Parameters</em> fields in the response SHALL list all the
Random Number Generators that the server supports. If the request
contains a <em>Query RNGs</em> value in the Query Function field, then
this field SHALL be returned in the response. If the server is unable to
specify details of the RNG then it SHALL return an <em>RNG
Parameters</em> with the <em>RNG Algorithm</em> enumeration of
<em>Unspecified</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>Validation Information</em> field in the response is a
structure containing details of each formal validation which the server
asserts. If the request contains a <em>Query Validations</em> value,
then zero or more <em>Validation Information</em> fields SHALL be
returned in the response. A server MAY elect to return no validation
information in the response.</p>
<p>A <em>Profile Information</em> field in the response is a structure
containing details of the profiles that a server supports including
potentially how it supports that profile. If the request contains a
<em>Query Profiles</em> value in the Query Function field, then this
field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any
Profiles.</p>
<p>The <em>Capability Information</em> fields in the response contain
details of the capability of the server.</p>
<p>The <em>Client Registration Method</em> fields in the response
contain Client Registration Method enumerated values, which SHALL list
all the client registration methods that the server supports. If the
request contains a <em>Query Client Registration Methods</em> value in
the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the
response if the server supports any Client Registration Methods.</p>
<p>Note that the response payload is empty if there are no values to
return.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Query Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Query Function, see <a
href="#query-function-enumeration">9.1.3.2.24</a></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be Repeated</td>
<td>Determines the information being queried.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Query Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation, see <a href="#operation-enumeration">9.1.3.2.27</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies an Operation that is supported by the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies a Managed Object Type that is supported by the
server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vendor Identification</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>SHALL be returned if Query Server Information is requested. The
Vendor Identification SHALL be a text string that uniquely identifies
the vendor.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Server Information</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Contains vendor-specific information possibly be of interest to the
client.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Namespace, see <a
href="#application-specific-information">3.36</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies an Application Namespace supported by the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Information, see <a
href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>SHALL be returned if Query Extension List or Query Extension Map is
requested and supported by the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attestation Type, see <a
href="#attestation-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.36</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies an Attestation Type that is supported by the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RNG Parameters, see <a href="#rng-parameters">2.1.18</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies the RNG that is supported by the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Profile Information, see <a
href="#profile-information">2.1.19</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies the Profiles that are supported by the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Information, see <a
href="#validation-information">2.1.20</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies the validations that are supported by the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Capability Information, see <a
href="#capability-information">2.1.21</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies the capabilities that are supported by the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Client Registration Method, see <a
href="#client-registration-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.47</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies a Client Registration Method that is supported by the
server.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="discover-versions">Discover Versions</h2>
<p>This operation is used by the client to determine a list of protocol
versions that is supported by the server. The request payload contains
an OPTIONAL list of protocol versions that is supported by the client.
The protocol versions SHALL be ranked in decreasing order of
preference.</p>
<p>The response payload contains a list of protocol versions that are
supported by the server. The protocol versions are ranked in decreasing
order of preference. If the client provides the server with a list of
supported protocol versions in the request payload, the server SHALL
return only the protocol versions that are supported by both the client
and server. The server SHOULD list all the protocol versions supported
by both client and server. If the protocol version specified in the
request header is not specified in the request payload and the server
does not support any protocol version specified in the request payload,
the server SHALL return an empty list in the response payload. If no
protocol versions are specified in the request payload, the server
SHOULD return all the protocol versions that are supported by the
server.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Discover Versions Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version, see <a href="#protocol-version">6.1</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be Repeated</td>
<td>The list of protocol versions supported by the client ordered in
decreasing order of preference.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Discover Versions Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version, see <a href="#protocol-version">6.1</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>The list of protocol versions supported by the server ordered in
decreasing order of preference.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="cancel">Cancel</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to cancel an outstanding
asynchronous operation. The correlation value (see Section <a
href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a>) of the original
operation SHALL be specified in the request. The server SHALL respond
with a <em>Cancellation Result</em> that contains one of the following
values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Canceled</em> – The cancel operation succeeded in canceling
the pending operation.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Unable To Cancel</em> – The cancel operation is unable to
cancel the pending operation.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Completed</em> – The pending operation completed successfully
before the cancellation operation was able to cancel it.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Failed</em> – The pending operation completed with a failure
before the cancellation operation was able to cancel it.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Unavailable</em> – The specified correlation value did not
match any recently pending or completed asynchronous
operations.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The response to this operation is not able to be asynchronous.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Cancel Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Asynchronous Correlation Value, see <a
href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Specifies the request being canceled.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Cancel Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Asynchronous Correlation Value, see <a
href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Specified in the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cancellation Result, see <a
href="#cancellation-result-enumeration">9.1.3.2.25</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Enumeration indicating the result of the cancellation.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="poll">Poll</h2>
<p>This operation is used to poll the server in order to obtain the
status of an outstanding asynchronous operation. The correlation value
(see Section <a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a>) of the
original operation SHALL be specified in the request. The response to
this operation SHALL NOT be asynchronous.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Poll Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Asynchronous Correlation Value, see <a
href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Specifies the request being polled.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The server SHALL reply with one of two responses:</p>
<p>If the operation has not completed, the response SHALL contain no
payload and a Result Status of Pending.</p>
<p>If the operation has completed, the response SHALL contain the
appropriate payload for the operation. This response SHALL be identical
to the response that would have been sent if the operation had completed
synchronously.</p>
<h2 id="encrypt">Encrypt</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to perform an encryption operation
on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for
the encryption operation.</p>
<p>The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters
(mode and padding method), the data to be encrypted, and the
IV/Counter/Nonce to use. The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted
from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of
the Managed Cryptographic Object. The IV/Counter/Nonce MAY also be
omitted from the request if the cryptographic parameters indicate that
the server shall generate a Random IV on behalf of the client or the
encryption algorithm does not need an IV/Counter/Nonce. The server does
not store or otherwise manage the IV/Counter/Nonce.</p>
<p>If the Managed Cryptographic Object referenced has a Usage Limits
attribute then the server SHALL obtain an allocation from the current
Usage Limits value prior to performing the encryption operation. If the
allocation is unable to be obtained the operation SHALL return with a
result status of Operation Failed and result reason of Permission
Denied.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed
Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the encryption
operation.</p>
<p>The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result
Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Encrypt Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key to use for the encryption operation. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique
Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Block Cipher Mode, Padding Method,
RandomIV) corresponding to the particular encryption method requested.
If omitted then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed
Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p>
<p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed
Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the
operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation
Failed.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The data to be encrypted (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IV/Counter/Nonce</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The initialization vector, counter or nonce to be used (where
appropriate).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation
(as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Initial operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Final operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authenticated Encryption Additional Data, see <a
href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Any additional data to be authenticated via the Authenticated
Encryption Tag. If supplied in multi-part encryption, this data MUST be
supplied on the initial Encrypt request</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Encrypt Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that was
the key used for the encryption operation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The encrypted data (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IV/Counter/Nonce</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The value used if the Cryptographic Parameters specified Random IV
and the IV/Counter/Nonce value was not provided in the request and the
algorithm requires the provision of an IV/Counter/Nonce.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent
calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authenticated Encryption Tag, see <a
href="#authenticated-encryption-tag">2.1.23</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the tag that will be needed to authenticate the decrypted
data. Only returned on completion of the encryption of the last of the
plaintext by an authenticated encryption cipher.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="decrypt">Decrypt</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to perform a decryption operation
on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for
the decryption operation.</p>
<p>The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters
(mode and padding method), the data to be decrypted, and the
IV/Counter/Nonce to use. The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted
from the request as they can be specified as associated attributes of
the Managed Cryptographic Object. The initialization
vector/counter/nonce MAY also be omitted from the request if the
algorithm does not use an IV/Counter/Nonce.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed
Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the decryption
operation.</p>
<p>The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result
Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Decrypt Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key to use for the decryption operation. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique
Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Block Cipher Mode, Padding Method)
corresponding to the particular decryption method requested. If omitted
then the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed
Cryptographic Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p>
<p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed
Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the
operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation
Failed.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The data to be decrypted (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IV/Counter/Nonce</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The initialization vector, counter or nonce to be used (where
appropriate).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation
(as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Initial operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Final operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authenticated Encryption Additional Data, see <a
href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Additional data to be authenticated via the Authenticated Encryption
Tag. If supplied in multi-part decryption, this data MUST be supplied on
the initial Decrypt request</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authenticated Encryption Tag, see <a
href="#authenticated-encryption-tag">2.1.23</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the tag that will be needed to authenticate the decrypted
data. If supplied in multi-part decryption, this data MUST be supplied
on the initial Decrypt request</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Decrypt Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key used for the decryption operation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The decrypted data (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent
calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sign">Sign</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to perform a signature operation
on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as the key for
the signature operation.</p>
<p>The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters
(digital signature algorithm or cryptographic algorithm and hash
algorithm) and the data to be signed. The cryptographic parameters MAY
be omitted from the request as they can be specified as associated
attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<p>If the Managed Cryptographic Object referenced has a Usage Limits
attribute then the server SHALL obtain an allocation from the current
Usage Limits value prior to performing the signing operation. If the
allocation is unable to be obtained the operation SHALL return with a
result status of Operation Failed and result reason of Permission
Denied.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed
Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the signature
operation.</p>
<p>The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result
Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Sign Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key to use for the signature operation. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique
Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Digital Signature Algorithm or
Cryptographic Algorithm and Hashing Algorithm) corresponding to the
particular signature generation method requested. If omitted then the
Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic
Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p>
<p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed
Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the
operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation
Failed.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part, unless Digested Data is supplied.. No for
multi-part.</td>
<td>The data to be signed (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digested Data</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The digested data to be signed (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation
(as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Initial operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Final operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Sign Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key used for the signature operation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Signature Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The signed data (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent
calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="signature-verify">Signature Verify</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to perform a signature verify
operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic Object as
the key for the signature verification operation.</p>
<p>The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters
(digital signature algorithm or cryptographic algorithm and hash
algorithm) and the signature to be verified and MAY contain the data
that was passed to the signing operation (for those algorithms which
need the original data to verify a signature).</p>
<p>The cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they
can be specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic
Object.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed
Cryptographic Object used as the key and the OPTIONAL data recovered
from the signature (for those signature algorithms where data recovery
from the signature is supported). The validity of the signature is
indicated by the Validity Indicator field.</p>
<p>The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result
Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Signature Verify Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key to use for the signature verify operation. If omitted, then the
ID Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique
Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Digital Signature Algorithm or
Cryptographic Algorithm and Hashing Algorithm) corresponding to the
particular signature verification method requested. If omitted then the
Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic
Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p>
<p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed
Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the
operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation
Failed.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The data that was signed (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digested Data</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The digested data to be verified (as a Byte String)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Signature Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The signature to be verified (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation
(as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Initial operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Final operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Signature Verify Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key used for the verification operation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validity Indicator, see <a
href="#validity-indicator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.23</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>An Enumeration object indicating whether the signature is valid,
invalid, or unknown.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The OPTIONAL recovered data (as a Byte String) for those signature
algorithms where data recovery from the signature is supported.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent
calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="mac">MAC</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to perform message authentication
code (MAC) operation on the provided data using a Managed Cryptographic
Object as the key for the MAC operation.</p>
<p>The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters
(cryptographic algorithm) and the data to be MACed. The cryptographic
parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be specified as
associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic Object.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed
Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the MAC
operation.</p>
<p>The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result
Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: MAC Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key to use for the MAC operation. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique
Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Cryptographic Algorithm)
corresponding to the particular MAC method requested. If omitted then
the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic
Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p>
<p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed
Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the
operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation
Failed.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The data to be MACed (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation
(as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Initial operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Final operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: MAC Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key used for the MAC operation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The data MACed (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent
calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="mac-verify">MAC Verify</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to perform message authentication
code (MAC) verify operation on the provided data using a Managed
Cryptographic Object as the key for the MAC verify operation.</p>
<p>The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters
(cryptographic algorithm) and the data to be MAC verified and MAY
contain the data that was passed to the MAC operation (for those
algorithms which need the original data to verify a MAC). The
cryptographic parameters MAY be omitted from the request as they can be
specified as associated attributes of the Managed Cryptographic
Object.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier of the Managed
Cryptographic Object used as the key and the result of the MAC verify
operation. The validity of the MAC is indicated by the Validity
Indicator field.</p>
<p>The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result
Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: MAC Verify Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key to use for the MAC verify operation. If omitted, then the ID
Placeholder value SHALL be used by the server as the Unique
Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><p>The Cryptographic Parameters (Cryptographic Algorithm)
corresponding to the particular MAC method requested. If omitted then
the Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed Cryptographic
Object with the lowest Attribute Index SHALL be used.</p>
<p>If there are no Cryptographic Parameters associated with the Managed
Cryptographic Object and the algorithm requires parameters then the
operation SHALL return with a Result Status of Operation
Failed.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The data that was MACed (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The data to be MAC verified (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation
(as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Initial operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Final operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: MAC Verify Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the Managed Cryptographic Object that is
the key used for the verification operation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validity Indicator, see <a
href="#validity-indicator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.23</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>An Enumeration object indicating whether the MAC is valid, invalid,
or unknown.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent
calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="rng-retrieve">RNG Retrieve</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to return output from a Random
Number Generator (RNG).</p>
<p>The request contains the quantity of output requested.</p>
<p>The response contains the RNG output.</p>
<p>The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result
Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: RNG Retrieve Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data Length</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The amount of random number generator output to be returned (in
bytes).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: RNG Retrieve Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The random number generator output.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="rng-seed">RNG Seed</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to seed a Random Number
Generator.</p>
<p>The request contains the seeding material.</p>
<p>The response contains the amount of seed data used.</p>
<p>The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result
Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<p>The server MAY elect to ignore the information provided by the client
(i.e. not accept the seeding material) and MAY indicate this to the
client by returning zero as the value in the Data Length response. A
client SHALL NOT consider a response from a server which does not use
the provided data as an error.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: RNG Seed Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The data to be provided as a seed to the random number
generator.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: RNG Seed Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data Length</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The amount of seed data used (in bytes).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="hash">Hash</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to perform a hash operation on the
data provided.</p>
<p>The request contains information about the cryptographic parameters
(hash algorithm) and the data to be hashed.</p>
<p>The response contains the result of the hash operation.</p>
<p>The success or failure of the operation is indicated by the Result
Status (and if failure the Result Reason) in the response header.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Hash Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters, see <a
href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Cryptographic Parameters (Hashing Algorithm) corresponding to
the particular hash method requested.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The data to be hashed (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the existing stream or by-parts cryptographic operation
(as returned from a previous call to this operation).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Init Indicator, see <a href="#init-indicator">2.1.16</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Initial operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final Indicator, see <a href="#final-indicator">2.1.17</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Final operation as Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Hash Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Yes for single-part. No for multi-part.</td>
<td>The hashed data (as a Byte String).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value, see <a href="#correlation-value">2.1.15</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies the stream or by-parts value to be provided in subsequent
calls to this operation for performing cryptographic operations.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="create-split-key">Create Split Key</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to generate a new split key and
register all the splits as individual new Managed Cryptographic
Objects.</p>
<p>The request contains attributes to be assigned to the objects (e.g.,
Split Key Parts, Split Key Threshold, Split Key Method, Cryptographic
Algorithm, Cryptographic Length, etc.). The request MAY contain the
Unique Identifier of an existing cryptographic object that the client
requests be split by the server. If the attributes supplied in the
request do not match those of the key supplied, the attributes of the
key take precedence.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifiers of all created objects.
The ID Placeholder value SHALL be set to the Unique Identifier of the
split whose Key Part Identifier is 1.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Create Split Key Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Determines the type of object to be created.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the key to be split (if applicable).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Parts</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The total number of parts.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Threshold</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The minimum number of parts needed to reconstruct the entire
key.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Method</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prime Field Size</td>
<td>No</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or
individual attributes.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Create Split Key Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>The list of Unique Identifiers of the newly created objects.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not
specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key
management system.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="join-split-key">Join Split Key</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to combine a list of Split Keys
into a single Managed Cryptographic Object. The number of Unique
Identifiers in the request SHALL be at least the value of the Split Key
Threshold defined in the Split Keys.</p>
<p>The request contains the Object Type of the Managed Cryptographic
Object that the client requests the Split Key Objects be combined to
form. If the Object Type formed is Secret Data, the client MAY include
the Secret Data Type in the request.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier of the object obtained by
combining the Split Keys. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier
returned by this operation into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Join Split Key Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Determines the type of object to be created.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Determines the Split Keys to be combined to form the object returned
by the server. The minimum number of identifiers is specified by the
Split Key Threshold field in each of the Split Keys.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Secret Data Type</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines which Secret Data type the Split Keys form.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies desired object attributes using templates and/or
individual attributes.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Join Split Key Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object obtained by combining the Split
Keys.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute, see <a
href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>An OPTIONAL list of object attributes with values that were not
specified in the request, but have been implicitly set by the key
management system.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="export">Export</h2>
<p>This operation requests that the server returns a Managed Object
specified by its Unique Identifier, together with its attributes.</p>
<p>The Key Format Type, Key Wrap Type, Key Compression Type and Key
Wrapping Specification SHALL have the same semantics as for the Get
operation. If the Managed Object has been Destroyed then the key
material for the specified managed object SHALL not be returned in the
response.</p>
<p>The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier returned by this
operations into the ID Placeholder variable. Special authentication and
authorization SHOULD be enforced to perform this request (see
<strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong>).</p>
<p>Only the object owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be
allowed to issue this request.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Export Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the object being requested. If omitted, then the
IDPlaceholder value is used by the server as the Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Format Type, see <a
href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the key format type to be returned.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrap Type, see <a
href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the Key Wrap Type of the returned key value.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Compression Type, see <a
href="#key-compression-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.2</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Determines the compression method for elliptic curve public
keys.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrapping Specification, see <a
href="#key-wrapping-specification">2.1.6</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Specifies keys and other information for wrapping the returned
object..</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Export Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Type of object</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Yes, is repeated</td>
<td>All of the object’s Attributes.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate, Symmetric Key, PGP Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split
Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see <a
href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The object value being returned, in the same manner as the Get
operation.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="import">Import</h2>
<p>This operation requests the server to Import a Managed Object
specified by its Unique Identifier. The request specifies the object
being imported and all the attributes to be assigned to the object. The
attribute rules for each attribute for “Initially set by” and “When
implicitly set” SHALL NOT be enforced as all attributes MUST be set to
the supplied values rather than any server generated values.</p>
<p>Special authentication and authorization SHOULD be enforced to
perform this request (see <strong>[KMIP-UG]</strong>). Only the object
owner or an authorized security officer SHOULD be allowed to issue this
request.</p>
<p>The response contains the Unique Identifier provided in the request
or assigned by the server. The server SHALL copy the Unique Identifier
returned by this operations into the ID Placeholder variable.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Export Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object to be imported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Replace Existing</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>A Boolean. If specified and true then any existing object with the
same Unique Identifier SHALL be replaced by this operation. If absent or
false then the operation SHALL fail if there is an existing object with
the same Unique Identifier.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrap Type, see <a
href="#key-wrap-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.48</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>If Not Wrapped then the server SHALL unwrap the object before
storing it, and return an error if the wrapping key is not available.
Otherwise the server SHALL store the object as provided.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Yes, is repeated</td>
<td>All of the object’s Attributes.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate, Symmetric Key, PGP Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split
Key, Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see <a
href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The object value being imported, in the same manner as the Register
operation.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Export Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="server-to-client-operations">Server-to-Client Operations</h1>
<p>Server-to-client operations are used by servers to send information
or Managed Cryptographic Objects to clients via means outside of the
normal client-server request-response mechanism. These operations are
used to send Managed Cryptographic Objects directly to clients without a
specific request from the client.</p>
<h2 id="notify">Notify</h2>
<p>This operation is used to notify a client of events that resulted in
changes to attributes of an object. This operation is only ever sent by
a server to a client via means outside of the normal client
request/response protocol, using information known to the server via
unspecified configuration or administrative mechanisms. It contains the
Unique Identifier of the object to which the notification applies, and a
list of the attributes whose changed values have triggered the
notification. The message uses the same format as a Request message (see
<a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a href="#_Ref252203062">Table
280</a>), except that the Maximum Response Size, Asynchronous Indicator,
Batch Error Continuation Option, and Batch Order Option fields are not
allowed. The client SHALL send a response in the form of a Response
Message (see <a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a
href="#_Ref252203074">Table 281</a>) containing no payload, unless both
the client and server have prior knowledge (obtained via out-of-band
mechanisms) that the client is not able to respond.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Notify Message Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Message Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attributes">3</a></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>The attributes that have changed. This includes at least the Last
Change Date attribute. In case an attribute was deleted, the Attribute
structure (see <a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a>) in question SHALL NOT
contain the Attribute Value field.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="put">Put</h2>
<p>This operation is used to “push” Managed Cryptographic Objects to
clients. This operation is only ever sent by a server to a client via
means outside of the normal client request/response protocol, using
information known to the server via unspecified configuration or
administrative mechanisms. It contains the Unique Identifier of the
object that is being sent, and the object itself. The message uses the
same format as a Request message (see <a
href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a href="#_Ref252203062">Table
280</a>), except that the Maximum Response Size, Asynchronous Indicator,
Batch Error Continuation Option, and Batch Order Option fields are not
allowed. The client SHALL send a response in the form of a Response
Message (see <a href="#message-structure">7.1</a>, <a
href="#_Ref252203074">Table 281</a>) containing no payload, unless both
the client and server have prior knowledge (obtained via out-of-band
mechanisms) that the client is not able to respond.</p>
<p>The <em>Put Function</em> field indicates whether the object being
“pushed” is a new object, or is a replacement for an object already
known to the client (e.g., when pushing a certificate to replace one
that is about to expire, the Put Function field would be set to indicate
replacement, and the Unique Identifier of the expiring certificate would
be placed in the <em>Replaced Unique Identifier</em> field). The Put
Function SHALL contain one of the following values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>New</em> – which indicates that the object is not a
replacement for another object.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Replace</em> – which indicates that the object is a
replacement for another object, and that the Replaced Unique Identifier
field is present and contains the identification of the replaced object.
In case the object with the Replaced Unique Identifier does not exist at
the client, the client SHALL interpret this as if the Put Function
contained the value New.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The Attribute field contains one or more attributes that the server
is sending along with the object. The server MAY include attributes with
the object to specify how the object is to be used by the client. The
server MAY include a Lease Time attribute that grants a lease to the
client.</p>
<p>If the Managed Object is a wrapped key, then the key wrapping
specification SHALL be exchanged prior to the transfer via out-of-band
mechanisms.</p>
<table style="width:82%;">
<caption><p>: Put Message Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 33%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 35%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Message Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier, see <a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The Unique Identifier of the object.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Put Function, see <a
href="#put-function-enumeration">9.1.3.2.26</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Indicates function for Put message.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Replaced Unique Identifier, see <a
href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Unique Identifier of the replaced object. SHALL be present if the
<em>Put Function</em> is <em>Replace.</em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate, Symmetric Key, Private Key, Public Key, Split Key,
Template, Secret Data, or Opaque Object, see <a
href="#authenticated-encryption-additional-data">2.1.22</a></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>The object being sent to the client.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute, see <a href="#attributes">3</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>The additional attributes that the server wishes to send with the
object.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="query-1">Query</h2>
<p>This operation is used by the server to interrogate the client to
determine its capabilities and/or protocol mechanisms. The
<em>Query</em> operation SHOULD be invocable by unauthenticated servers
to interrogate client features and functions. The <em>Query
Function</em> field in the request SHALL contain one or more of the
following items:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Query Operations</p></li>
<li><p>Query Objects</p></li>
<li><p>Query Server Information</p></li>
<li><p>Query Extension List</p></li>
<li><p>Query Extension Map</p></li>
<li><p>Query Attestation Types</p></li>
<li><p>Query RNGs</p></li>
<li><p>Query Validations</p></li>
<li><p>Query Profiles</p></li>
<li><p>Query Capabilities</p></li>
<li><p>Query Client Registration Methods</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>Operation</em> fields in the response contain Operation
enumerated values, which SHALL list all the operations that the client
supports. If the request contains a Query Operations value in the Query
Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<p>The <em>Object Type</em> fields in the response contain Object Type
enumerated values, which SHALL list all the object types that the client
supports. If the request contains a <em>Query Objects</em> value in the
Query Function field, then these fields SHALL be returned in the
response.</p>
<p>The <em>Server Information</em> field in the response is a structure
containing vendor-specific fields and/or substructures. If the request
contains a <em>Query Server Information</em> value in the Query Function
field, then this field SHALL be returned in the response.</p>
<p>The <em>Extension Information</em> fields in the response contain the
descriptions of Objects with Item Tag values in the Extensions range
that are supported by the server (see Section <a
href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a>). If the request contains a
<em>Query Extension List</em> and/or <em>Query Extension Map</em> value
in the Query Function field, then the Extensions Information fields
SHALL be returned in the response. If the Query Function field contains
the Query Extension Map value, then the Extension Tag and Extension Type
fields SHALL be specified in the Extension Information values. If both
Query Extension List and Query Extension Map are specified in the
request, then only the response to Query Extension Map SHALL be returned
and the Query Extension List SHALL be ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>Attestation Type</em> fields in the response contain
Attestation Type enumerated values, which SHALL list all the attestation
types that the client supports. If the request contains a <em>Query
Attestation Types</em> value in the Query Function field, then this
field SHALL be returned in the response if the server supports any
Attestation Types.</p>
<p>The <em>RNG Parameters</em> fields in the response SHALL list all the
Random Number Generators that the client supports. If the request
contains a <em>Query RNGs</em> value in the Query Function field, then
this field SHALL be returned in the response. If the server is unable to
specify details of the RNG then it SHALL return an <em>RNG
Parameters</em> with the <em>RNG Algorithm</em> enumeration of
<em>Unspecified</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>Validation Information</em> field in the response is a
structure containing details of each formal validation which the client
asserts. If the request contains a <em>Query Validations</em> value,
then zero or more <em>Validation Information</em> fields SHALL be
returned in the response. A client MAY elect to return no validation
information in the response.</p>
<p>A <em>Profile Information</em> field in the response is a structure
containing details of the profiles that a client supports including
potentially how it supports that profile. If the request contains a
<em>Query Profiles</em> value in the Query Function field, then this
field SHALL be returned in the response if the client supports any
Profiles.</p>
<p>The <em>Capability Information</em> fields in the response contain
details of the capability of the client.</p>
<p>The <em>Client Registration Method</em> fields in the response
contain Client Registration Method enumerated values, which SHALL list
all the client registration methods that the client supports. If the
request contains a <em>Query Client Registration Methods</em> value in
the Query Function field, then this field SHALL be returned in the
response if the server supports any Client Registration Methods.</p>
<p>Note that the response payload is empty if there are no values to
return.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Query Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Query Function, see <a
href="#query-function-enumeration">9.1.3.2.24</a></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be Repeated</td>
<td>Determines the information being queried.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Query Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Payload</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation, see <a href="#operation-enumeration">9.1.3.2.27</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies an Operation that is supported by the client.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type, see <a href="#object-type">3.3</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies a Managed Object Type that is supported by the
client.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vendor Identification</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>SHALL be returned if Query Server Information is requested. The
Vendor Identification SHALL be a text string that uniquely identifies
the vendor.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Server Information</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Contains vendor-specific information in response to the Query.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Information, see <a
href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>SHALL be returned if Query Extension List or Query Extension Map is
requested and supported by the client.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attestation Type, see <a
href="#attestation-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.36</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies an Attestation Type that is supported by the client.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RNG Parameters, see <a href="#rng-parameters">2.1.18</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies the RNG that is supported by the client.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Profile Information, see <a
href="#profile-information">2.1.19</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies the Profiles that are supported by the client.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Information, see <a
href="#validation-information">2.1.20</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies the validations that are supported by the client.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Capability Information, see <a
href="#capability-information">2.1.21</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies the capabilities that are supported by the client.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Client Registration Method, see <a
href="#client-registration-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.47</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>Specifies a Client Registration Method that is supported by the
client.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><strong>5.4 Discover Versions</strong></p>
<p>This operation is used by the server to determine a list of protocol
versions that is supported by the client. The request payload contains
an OPTIONAL list of protocol versions that is supported by the server.
The protocol versions SHALL be ranked in decreasing order of
preference.</p>
<p>The response payload contains a list of protocol versions that are
supported by the client. The protocol versions are ranked in decreasing
order of preference. If the server provides the client with a list of
supported protocol versions in the request payload, the client SHALL
return only the protocol versions that are supported by both the client
and server. The client SHOULD list all the protocol versions supported
by both client and server. If the protocol version specified in the
request header is not specified in the request payload and the client
does not support any protocol version specified in the request payload,
the client SHALL return an empty list in the response payload. If no
protocol versions are specified in the request payload, the client
SHOULD return all the protocol versions that are supported by the
client.</p>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Discover Versions Request Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="3">Request Payload</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version, see <a href="#protocol-version">6.1</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be Repeated</td>
<td>The list of protocol versions supported by the server ordered in
decreasing order of preference.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:89%;">
<caption><p>: Discover Versions Response Payload</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 36%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="3">Response Payload</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version, see <a href="#protocol-version">6.1</a></td>
<td>No, MAY be repeated</td>
<td>The list of protocol versions supported by the client ordered in
decreasing order of preference.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="message-contents">Message Contents</h1>
<p>The messages in the protocol consist of a message header, one or more
batch items (which contain OPTIONAL message payloads), and OPTIONAL
message extensions. The message headers contain fields whose presence is
determined by the protocol features used (e.g., asynchronous responses).
The field contents are also determined by whether the message is a
request or a response. The message payload is determined by the specific
operation being requested or to which is being replied.</p>
<p>The message headers are structures that contain some of the following
objects.</p>
<h2 id="protocol-version">Protocol Version</h2>
<p>This field contains the version number of the protocol, ensuring that
the protocol is fully understood by both communicating parties. The
version number SHALL be specified in two parts, major and minor. Servers
and clients SHALL support backward compatibility with versions of the
protocol with the same major version. Support for backward compatibility
with different major versions is OPTIONAL.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Protocol Version Structure in Message Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version</td>
<td>Structure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Protocol Version Major</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Protocol Version Minor</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Integer</p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="operation">Operation</h2>
<p>This field indicates the operation being requested or the operation
for which the response is being returned. The operations are defined in
Sections <a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a> and <a
href="#server-to-client-operations">5</a>.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Operation in Batch Item</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation</td>
<td>Enumeration, see <a
href="#operation-enumeration">9.1.3.2.27</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="maximum-response-size">Maximum Response Size</h2>
<p>This is an OPTIONAL field contained in a request message, and is used
to indicate the maximum size of a response, in bytes, that the requester
SHALL be able to handle. It SHOULD only be sent in requests that
possibly return large replies.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Maximum Response Size in Message Request
Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum Response Size</td>
<td>Integer</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="unique-batch-item-id">Unique Batch Item ID</h2>
<p>This is an OPTIONAL field contained in a request, and is used for
correlation between requests and responses. If a request has a
<em>Unique Batch Item ID</em>, then responses to that request SHALL have
the same Unique Batch Item ID.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Unique Batch Item ID in Batch Item</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Batch Item ID</td>
<td>Byte String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="time-stamp">Time Stamp</h2>
<p>This is an OPTIONAL field contained in a client request. It is
REQUIRED in a server request and response. It is used for time stamping,
and MAY be used to enforce reasonable time usage at a client (e.g., a
server MAY choose to reject a request if a client's time stamp contains
a value that is too far off the server’s time). Note that the time stamp
MAY be used by a client that has no real-time clock, but has a countdown
timer, to obtain useful “seconds from now” values from all of the Date
attributes by performing a subtraction.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Time Stamp in Message Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Time Stamp</td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="authentication">Authentication</h2>
<p>This is used to authenticate the requester. It is an OPTIONAL
information item, depending on the type of request being issued and on
server policies. Servers MAY require authentication on no requests, a
subset of the requests, or all requests, depending on policy. Query
operations used to interrogate server features and functions SHOULD NOT
require authentication. The Authentication structure SHALL contain one
or more Credential structures.</p>
<p>The authentication mechanisms are described and discussed in Section
<a href="#authentication-1">8</a>.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Authentication Structure in Message Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authentication</td>
<td>Structure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Credential, MAY be repeated</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#credential">2.1.2</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="asynchronous-indicator">Asynchronous Indicator</h2>
<p>This Boolean flag indicates whether the client is able to accept an
asynchronous response. It SHALL have the Boolean value True if the
client is able to handle asynchronous responses, and the value False
otherwise. If not present in a request, then False is assumed. If a
client indicates that it is not able to handle asynchronous responses,
the server SHALL process the request synchronously.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Asynchronous Indicator in Message Request
Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Asynchronous Indicator</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="asynchronous-correlation-value">Asynchronous Correlation
Value</h2>
<p>This is returned in the immediate response to an operation that is
pending and that requires asynchronous polling. Note: the server decides
which operations are performed synchronously or asynchronously (see <a
href="#asynchronous-indicator">6.7</a>). A server-generated correlation
value SHALL be specified in any subsequent Poll or Cancel operations
that pertain to the original operation.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Asynchronous Correlation Value in Response Batch
Item</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Asynchronous Correlation Value</td>
<td>Byte String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="result-status">Result Status</h2>
<p>This is sent in a response message and indicates the success or
failure of a request. The following values MAY be set in this field:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Success</em> – The requested operation completed
successfully.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Operation Pending</em> – The requested operation is in
progress, and it is necessary to obtain the actual result via
asynchronous polling. The asynchronous correlation value SHALL be used
for the subsequent polling of the result status.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Operation Undone</em> – The requested operation was
performed, but had to be undone (i.e., due to a failure in a batch for
which the Error Continuation Option (see <a
href="#batch-error-continuation-option">6.13</a> and <a
href="#operations">7.2</a>) was set to Undo).</p></li>
<li><p><em>Operation Failed</em> – The requested operation
failed.</p></li>
</ul>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Result Status in Response Batch Item</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Result Status</td>
<td>Enumeration, see <a
href="#result-status-enumeration">9.1.3.2.28</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="result-reason">Result Reason</h2>
<p>This field indicates a reason for failure or a modifier for a
partially successful operation and SHALL be present in responses that
return a Result Status of Failure. In such a case, the Result Reason
SHALL be set as specified in Section <a href="#error-handling">11</a>.
It is OPTIONAL in any response that returns a Result Status of Success.
The following defined values are defined for this field:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Item not found</em> – A requested object was not found or did
not exist.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Response too large</em> – The response to a request would
exceed the <em>Maximum Response Size</em> in the request.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Authentication not successful</em> – The authentication
information in the request could not be validated, or was not
found.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Invalid message</em> – The request message was not understood
by the server.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Operation not supported</em> – The operation requested by the
request message is not supported by the server.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Missing data</em> – The operation REQUIRED additional
information in the request, which was not present.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Invalid field</em> – Some data item in the request has an
invalid value.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Feature not supported</em> – An OPTIONAL feature specified in
the request is not supported.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Operation canceled by requester</em> – The operation was
asynchronous, and the operation was canceled by the Cancel operation
before it completed successfully.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Cryptographic failure</em> – The operation failed due to a
cryptographic error.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Illegal operation</em> – The client requested an operation
that was not able to be performed with the specified
parameters.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Permission denied</em> – The client does not have permission
to perform the requested operation.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Object archived</em> – The object SHALL be recovered from the
archive before performing the operation.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Index Out of Bounds</em> – The client tried to set more
instances than the server supports of an attribute that MAY have
multiple instances.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Application Namespace Not Supported</em> – The particular
Application Namespace is not supported, and the server was not able to
generate the Application Data field of an Application Specific
Information attribute if the field was omitted from the client
request.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type Not
Supported</em> – The object exists, but the server is unable to provide
it in the desired Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type.</p></li>
<li><p><em>General failure</em> – The request failed for a reason other
than the defined reasons above.</p></li>
</ul>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Result Reason in Response Batch Item</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Result Reason</td>
<td>Enumeration, see <a
href="#result-reason-enumeration">9.1.3.2.29</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="result-message">Result Message</h2>
<p>This field MAY be returned in a response. It contains a more
descriptive error message, which MAY be provided to an end user or used
for logging/auditing purposes.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Result Message in Response Batch Item</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Result Message</td>
<td>Text String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="batch-order-option">Batch Order Option</h2>
<p>A Boolean value used in requests where the Batch Count is greater
than 1. If True, then batched operations SHALL be executed in the order
in which they appear within the request. If False, then the server MAY
choose to execute the batched operations in any order. If not specified,
then False is assumed (i.e., no implied ordering). Server support for
this feature is OPTIONAL, but if the server does not support the
feature, and a request is received with the batch order option set to
True, then the entire request SHALL be rejected.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Batch Order Option in Message Request Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Order Option</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="batch-error-continuation-option">Batch Error Continuation
Option</h2>
<p>This option SHALL only be present if the Batch Count is greater than
1. This option SHALL have one of three values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Undo –</em> If any operation in the request fails, then the
server SHALL undo all the previous operations.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Stop –</em> If an operation fails, then the server SHALL NOT
continue processing subsequent operations in the request. Completed
operations SHALL NOT be undone.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Continue –</em> Return an error for the failed operation, and
continue processing subsequent operations in the request.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If not specified, then Stop is assumed.</p>
<p>Server support for this feature is OPTIONAL, but if the server does
not support the feature, and a request is received containing the
<em>Batch Error Continuation</em> <em>Option</em> with a value other
than the default Stop, then the entire request SHALL be rejected.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Batch Error Continuation Option in Message Request
Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Error Continuation Option</td>
<td>Enumeration, see <a
href="#batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration">9.1.3.2.30</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="batch-count">Batch Count</h2>
<p>This field contains the number of Batch Items in a message and is
REQUIRED. If only a single operation is being requested, then the batch
count SHALL be set to 1. The Message Payload, which follows the Message
Header, contains one or more batch items.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Batch Count in Message Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Count</td>
<td>Integer</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="batch-item">Batch Item</h2>
<p>This field consists of a structure that holds the individual requests
or responses in a batch, and is REQUIRED. The contents of the batch
items are described in Section <a href="#operations">7.2</a>.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Batch Item in Message</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Item</td>
<td>Structure</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="message-extension">Message Extension</h2>
<p>The <em>Message Extension</em> is an OPTIONAL structure that MAY be
appended to any Batch Item. It is used to extend protocol messages for
the purpose of adding vendor-specified extensions. The Message Extension
is a structure that SHALL contain the Vendor Identification, Criticality
Indicator, and Vendor Extension fields. The <em>Vendor
Identification</em> SHALL be a text string that uniquely identifies the
vendor, allowing a client to determine if it is able to parse and
understand the extension. If a client or server receives a protocol
message containing a message extension that it does not understand, then
its actions depend on the <em>Criticality Indicator</em>. If the
indicator is True (i.e., Critical), and the receiver does not understand
the extension, then the receiver SHALL reject the entire message. If the
indicator is False (i.e., Non-Critical), and the receiver does not
understand the extension, then the receiver MAY process the rest of the
message as if the extension were not present. The <em>Vendor
Extension</em> structure SHALL contain vendor-specific extensions.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Message Extension Structure in Batch Item</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Message Extension</td>
<td>Structure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Vendor Identification</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Text String</p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Criticality Indicator</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Boolean</p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Vendor Extension</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure</p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="attestation-capable-indicator">Attestation Capable
Indicator</h2>
<p>The <em>Attestation Capable Indicator</em> flag indicates whether the
client is able to create an Attestation Credential object. It SHALL have
Boolean value True if the client is able to create an Attestation
Credential object, and the value False otherwise. If not present, the
value False is assumed. If a client indicates that it is not able to
create an Attestation Credential Object, and the client has issued an
operation that requires attestation such as Get, then the server SHALL
respond to the request with a failure.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Attestation Capable Indicator in Message Request
Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attestation Capable Indicator</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="client-correlation-value">Client Correlation Value</h2>
<p>The Client Correlation Value is a string that MAY be added to
messages by clients to provide additional information to the server. It
need not be unique. The server SHOULD log this information. The Client
Correlation Value is provided in the request for client to server
operations. The Client Correlation Value is provided in the response for
server to client operations.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Client Correlation Value in Message Request
Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Server Correlation Value</td>
<td>Text String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="server-correlation-value">Server Correlation Value</h2>
<p>The Server Correlation Value SHOULD be provided by the server and
SHOULD be globally unique, and SHOULD be logged by the server with each
request.</p>
<p>The Server Correlation Value is provided in the response for client
to server operations. The Server Correlation Value is provided in the
request for server to client operations.</p>
<table style="width:62%;">
<caption><p>: Server Correlation Value in Message Request
Header</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Server Correlation Value</td>
<td>Text String</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="message-format">Message Format</h1>
<p>Messages contain the following objects and fields. All fields SHALL
appear in the order specified.</p>
<h2 id="message-structure">Message Structure</h2>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Request Message Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Request Message</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Request Header</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#_Ref242532521">Table 282</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Batch Item</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#_Ref242532765">Table 283</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be repeated</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:93%;">
<caption><p>: Response Message Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Object</td>
<td>Encoding</td>
<td>REQUIRED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Response Message</td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Response Header</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#_Ref242532824">Table 284</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Batch Item</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Structure, see <a href="#_Ref242532881">Table 285</a></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>Yes, MAY be repeated</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="operations">Operations</h2>
<p>If the client is capable of accepting asynchronous responses, then it
MAY set the <em>Asynchronous Indicator</em> in the header of a batched
request. The batched responses MAY contain a mixture of synchronous and
asynchronous responses.</p>
<table style="width:84%;">
<caption><p>: Request Header Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Request Header</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Object</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>REQUIRED in
Message</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Comment</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Request Header</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Structure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Protocol Version</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Yes</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#protocol-version">6.1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Maximum Response Size</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#maximum-response-size">6.3</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Client Correlation Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#client-correlation-value">6.18</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Server Correlation Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#server-correlation-value">6.19</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Asynchronous Indicator</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#asynchronous-indicator">6.7</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attestation Capable Indicator</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#attestation-capable-indicator">6.17</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attestation Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No, MAY be repeated</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#attestation-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.36</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Authentication</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#authentication">6.6</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Batch Error Continuation Option</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>If omitted, then Stop is assumed, see <a
href="#batch-error-continuation-option">6.13</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Batch Order Option</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>If omitted, then False is assumed, see <a
href="#batch-order-option">6.12</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Time Stamp</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#time-stamp">6.5</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Batch Count</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Yes</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#batch-count">6.14</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:84%;">
<caption><p>: Request Batch Item Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Request Batch
Item</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Object</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>REQUIRED in
Message</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Comment</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Batch Item</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Yes</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Structure, see <a
href="#batch-item">6.15</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Operation</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Yes</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">See <a href="#operation">6.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Unique Batch Item ID</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">REQUIRED if <em>Batch Count</em> &gt; 1,
see <a href="#unique-batch-item-id">6.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Request Payload</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Yes</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Structure, contents depend on the
Operation, see <a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a>and <a
href="#server-to-client-operations">5</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Message Extension</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">See <a
href="#message-extension">6.16</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:84%;">
<caption><p>: Response Header Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Response Header</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Object</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>REQUIRED in
Message</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Comment</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Response Header</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Structure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Protocol Version</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Yes</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#protocol-version">6.1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Time Stamp</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Yes</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#time-stamp">6.5</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Nonce</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#nonce">2.1.14</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Attestation Type</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No, MAY be repeated</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>REQUIRED in <em>Attestation Required</em> error message if client
set Attestation Capable Indicator to True in the request, see <a
href="#attestation-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.36</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Client Correlation Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#client-correlation-value">6.18</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Server Correlation Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#server-correlation-value">6.19</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Batch Count</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Yes</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>See <a href="#batch-count">6.14</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table style="width:84%;">
<caption><p>: Response Batch Item Structure</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Response Batch
Item</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Object</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>REQUIRED in
Message</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Comment</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Batch Item</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Yes</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Structure, see <a
href="#batch-item">6.15</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Operation</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Yes, if specified in Request Batch Item</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">See <a href="#operation">6.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Unique Batch Item ID</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">REQUIRED if present in Request Batch
Item, see <a href="#unique-batch-item-id">6.4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Result Status</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Yes</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">See <a
href="#result-status">6.9</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Result Reason</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Yes, if Result Status is <em>Failure</em></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">REQUIRED if Result Status is
<em>Failure</em>, otherwise OPTIONAL, see <a
href="#result-reason">6.10</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Result Message</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">OPTIONAL if Result Status is not
<em>Pending</em> or <em>Success</em>, see <a
href="#result-message">6.11</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Asynchronous Correlation Value</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">REQUIRED if Result Status is
<em>Pending</em>, see <a
href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Response Payload</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Yes, if not a failure</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Structure, contents depend on the
Operation, see <a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a>and <a
href="#server-to-client-operations">5</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>Message Extension</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><blockquote>
<p>No</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">See <a
href="#message-extension">6.16</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="authentication-1">Authentication</h1>
<p>The mechanisms used to authenticate the client to the server and the
server to the client are not part of the message definitions, and are
external to the protocol. The KMIP Server SHALL support authentication
as defined in <a
href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
<h1 id="message-encoding">Message Encoding</h1>
<p>To support different transport protocols and different client
capabilities, a number of message-encoding mechanisms are supported.</p>
<h2 id="ttlv-encoding">TTLV Encoding</h2>
<p>In order to minimize the resource impact on potentially low-function
clients, one encoding mechanism to be used for protocol messages is a
simplified TTLV (Tag, Type, Length, Value) scheme.</p>
<p>The scheme is designed to minimize the CPU cycle and memory
requirements of clients that need to encode or decode protocol messages,
and to provide optimal alignment for both 32-bit and 64-bit processors.
Minimizing bandwidth over the transport mechanism is considered to be of
lesser importance.</p>
<h3 id="ttlv-encoding-fields">TTLV Encoding Fields</h3>
<p>Every Data object encoded by the TTLV scheme consists of four items,
in order:</p>
<h4 id="item-tag">Item Tag</h4>
<p>An Item Tag is a three-byte binary unsigned integer, transmitted big
endian, which contains a number that designates the specific Protocol
Field or Object that the TTLV object represents. To ease debugging, and
to ensure that malformed messages are detected more easily, all tags
SHALL contain either the value 42 in hex or the value 54 in hex as the
high order (first) byte. Tags defined by this specification contain hex
42 in the first byte. Extensions, which are permitted, but are not
defined in this specification, contain the value 54 hex in the first
byte. A list of defined Item Tags is in Section <a
href="#tags">9.1.3.1</a></p>
<h4 id="item-type">Item Type</h4>
<p>An Item Type is a byte containing a coded value that indicates the
data type of the data object. The allowed values are:</p>
<table style="width:55%;">
<caption><p>: Allowed Item Type Values</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 32%" />
<col style="width: 22%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Data Type</strong></td>
<td><strong>Coded Value in Hex</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Structure</td>
<td>01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Integer</td>
<td>02</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Long Integer</td>
<td>03</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td>04</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td>05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>06</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text String</td>
<td>07</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td>08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td>09</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Interval</td>
<td>0A</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="item-length">Item Length</h4>
<p>An Item Length is a 32-bit binary integer, transmitted big-endian,
containing the number of bytes in the Item Value. The allowed values
are:</p>
<table style="width:55%;">
<caption><p>: Allowed Item Length Values</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 32%" />
<col style="width: 22%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Data Type</strong></td>
<td><strong>Length</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Structure</td>
<td>Varies, multiple of 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Integer</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Long Integer</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td>Varies, multiple of 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text String</td>
<td>Varies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td>Varies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Interval</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the Item Type is Structure, then the Item Length is the total
length of all of the sub-items contained in the structure, including any
padding. If the Item Type is Integer, Enumeration, Text String, Byte
String, or Interval, then the Item Length is the number of bytes
excluding the padding bytes. Text Strings and Byte Strings SHALL be
padded with the minimal number of bytes following the Item Value to
obtain a multiple of eight bytes. Integers, Enumerations, and Intervals
SHALL be padded with four bytes following the Item Value.</p>
<h4 id="item-value">Item Value</h4>
<p>The item value is a sequence of bytes containing the value of the
data item, depending on the type:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Integers are encoded as four-byte long (32 bit) binary signed
numbers in 2's complement notation, transmitted big-endian.</p></li>
<li><p>Long Integers are encoded as eight-byte long (64 bit) binary
signed numbers in 2's complement notation, transmitted
big-endian.</p></li>
<li><p>Big Integers are encoded as a sequence of eight-bit bytes, in
two's complement notation, transmitted big-endian. If the length of the
sequence is not a multiple of eight bytes, then Big Integers SHALL be
padded with the minimal number of leading sign-extended bytes to make
the length a multiple of eight bytes. These padding bytes are part of
the Item Value and SHALL be counted in the Item Length.</p></li>
<li><p>Enumerations are encoded as four-byte long (32 bit) binary
unsigned numbers transmitted big-endian. Extensions, which are
permitted, but are not defined in this specification, contain the value
8 hex in the first nibble of the first byte.</p></li>
<li><p>Booleans are encoded as an eight-byte value that SHALL either
contain the hex value 0000000000000000, indicating the Boolean value
<em>False,</em> or the hex value 0000000000000001, transmitted
big-endian, indicating the Boolean value <em>True.</em></p></li>
<li><p>Text Strings are sequences of bytes that encode character values
according to the UTF-8 encoding standard. There SHALL NOT be
null-termination at the end of such strings.</p></li>
<li><p>Byte Strings are sequences of bytes containing individual
unspecified eight-bit binary values, and are interpreted in the same
sequence order.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Date-Time values are POSIX Time values encoded as Long Integers.
POSIX Time, as described in IEEE Standard 1003.1 <a
href="#IEEE1003_1"><strong>[FIPS202]</strong> SHA-3 Standard:
Permutation-Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions, August 2015.
http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.202.pdf</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a href="#IEEE1003_1"><strong>[IEEE1003-1]</strong></a>, is the
number of seconds since the Epoch (1970 Jan 1, 00:00:00 UTC), not
counting leap seconds.</p></li>
<li><p>Intervals are encoded as four-byte long (32 bit) binary unsigned
numbers, transmitted big-endian. They have a resolution of one
second.</p></li>
<li><p>Structure Values are encoded as the concatenated encodings of the
elements of the structure. All structures defined in this specification
SHALL have all of their fields encoded in the order in which they appear
in their respective structure descriptions.</p></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
<p>These examples are assumed to be encoding a Protocol Object whose tag
is 420020. The examples are shown as a sequence of bytes in hexadecimal
notation:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>An Integer containing the decimal value 8:</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>42 00 20 | 02 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>A Long Integer containing the decimal value
123456789000000000:</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>42 00 20 | 03 | 00 00 00 08 | 01 B6 9B 4B A5 74 92 00</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>A Big Integer containing the decimal value
1234567890000000000000000000:</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>42 00 20 | 04 | 00 00 00 10 | 00 00 00 00 03 FD 35 EB 6B C2 DF 46 18
08 00 00</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>An Enumeration with value 255:</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>42 00 20 | 05 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 FF 00 00 00 00</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>A Boolean with the value <em>True</em>:</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>42 00 20 | 06 | 00 00 00 08 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>A Text String with the value "Hello World":</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>42 00 20 | 07 | 00 00 00 0B | 48 65 6C 6C 6F 20 57 6F 72 6C 64 00 00
00 00 00</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>A Byte String with the value { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03 }:</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>42 00 20 | 08 | 00 00 00 03 | 01 02 03 00 00 00 00 00</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>A Date-Time, containing the value for Friday, March 14, 2008,
11:56:40 GMT:</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>42 00 20 | 09 | 00 00 00 08 | 00 00 00 00 47 DA 67 F8</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>An Interval, containing the value for 10 days:</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>42 00 20 | 0A | 00 00 00 04 | 00 0D 2F 00 00 00 00 00</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>A Structure containing an Enumeration, value 254, followed by an
Integer, value 255, having tags 420004 and 420005 respectively:</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>42 00 20 | 01 | 00 00 00 20 | 42 00 04 | 05 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00
FE 00 00 00 00 | 42 00 05 | 02 | 00 00 00 04 | 00 00 00 FF 00 00 00
00</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="defined-values">Defined Values</h3>
<p>This section specifies the values that are defined by this
specification. In all cases where an extension mechanism is allowed,
this extension mechanism is only able to be used for communication
between parties that have pre-agreed understanding of the specific
extensions.</p>
<h4 id="tags">Tags</h4>
<p>The following table defines the tag values for the objects and
primitive data values for the protocol messages.</p>
<table style="width:63%;">
<caption><p>: Tag Values</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Tag</strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th><strong>Object</strong></th>
<th><strong>Tag Value</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>(Unused)</td>
<td>000000 - 420000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Activation Date</td>
<td>420001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Data</td>
<td>420002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Namespace</td>
<td>420003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Specific Information</td>
<td>420004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Archive Date</td>
<td>420005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Asynchronous Correlation Value</td>
<td>420006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Asynchronous Indicator</td>
<td>420007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute</td>
<td>420008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute Index</td>
<td>420009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute Name</td>
<td>42000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute Value</td>
<td>42000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authentication</td>
<td>42000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Count</td>
<td>42000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Error Continuation Option</td>
<td>42000E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Item</td>
<td>42000F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Order Option</td>
<td>420010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Block Cipher Mode</td>
<td>420011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cancellation Result</td>
<td>420012</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate</td>
<td>420013</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Identifier</td>
<td>420014 (deprecated as of version 1.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer</td>
<td>420015 (deprecated as of version 1.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer Alternative Name</td>
<td>420016 (deprecated as of version 1.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer Distinguished Name</td>
<td>420017 (deprecated as of version 1.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Request</td>
<td>420018</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Request Type</td>
<td>420019</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject</td>
<td>42001A (deprecated as of version 1.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject Alternative Name</td>
<td>42001B (deprecated as of version 1.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject Distinguished Name</td>
<td>42001C (deprecated as of version 1.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Type</td>
<td>42001D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Value</td>
<td>42001E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Common Template-Attribute</td>
<td>42001F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Date</td>
<td>420020</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Occurrence Date</td>
<td>420021</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Contact Information</td>
<td>420022</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Credential</td>
<td>420023</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Credential Type</td>
<td>420024</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Credential Value</td>
<td>420025</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Criticality Indicator</td>
<td>420026</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CRT Coefficient</td>
<td>420027</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Algorithm</td>
<td>420028</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Domain Parameters</td>
<td>420029</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Length</td>
<td>42002A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters</td>
<td>42002B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Usage Mask</td>
<td>42002C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Custom Attribute</td>
<td>42002D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>D</td>
<td>42002E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deactivation Date</td>
<td>42002F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derivation Data</td>
<td>420030</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derivation Method</td>
<td>420031</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derivation Parameters</td>
<td>420032</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Destroy Date</td>
<td>420033</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digest</td>
<td>420034</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digest Value</td>
<td>420035</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encryption Key Information</td>
<td>420036</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>G</td>
<td>420037</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hashing Algorithm</td>
<td>420038</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial Date</td>
<td>420039</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initialization Vector</td>
<td>42003A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Issuer</td>
<td>42003B (deprecated as of version 1.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Iteration Count</td>
<td>42003C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IV/Counter/Nonce</td>
<td>42003D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>J</td>
<td>42003E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key</td>
<td>42003F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Block</td>
<td>420040</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Compression Type</td>
<td>420041</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Format Type</td>
<td>420042</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td>420043</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Part Identifier</td>
<td>420044</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Value</td>
<td>420045</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrapping Data</td>
<td>420046</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrapping Specification</td>
<td>420047</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Change Date</td>
<td>420048</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Lease Time</td>
<td>420049</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Link</td>
<td>42004A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Link Type</td>
<td>42004B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Linked Object Identifier</td>
<td>42004C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC/Signature</td>
<td>42004D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC/Signature Key Information</td>
<td>42004E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum Items</td>
<td>42004F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum Response Size</td>
<td>420050</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Message Extension</td>
<td>420051</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modulus</td>
<td>420052</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>420053</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name Type</td>
<td>420054</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name Value</td>
<td>420055</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Group</td>
<td>420056</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type</td>
<td>420057</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Offset</td>
<td>420058</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Opaque Data Type</td>
<td>420059</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Opaque Data Value</td>
<td>42005A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Opaque Object</td>
<td>42005B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation</td>
<td>42005C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation Policy Name</td>
<td>42005D (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>P</td>
<td>42005E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Padding Method</td>
<td>42005F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prime Exponent P</td>
<td>420060</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prime Exponent Q</td>
<td>420061</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prime Field Size</td>
<td>420062</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Exponent</td>
<td>420063</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key</td>
<td>420064</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key Template-Attribute</td>
<td>420065</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key Unique Identifier</td>
<td>420066</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Process Start Date</td>
<td>420067</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protect Stop Date</td>
<td>420068</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version</td>
<td>420069</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version Major</td>
<td>42006A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version Minor</td>
<td>42006B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Exponent</td>
<td>42006C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key</td>
<td>42006D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key Template-Attribute</td>
<td>42006E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key Unique Identifier</td>
<td>42006F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Put Function</td>
<td>420070</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Q</td>
<td>420071</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Q String</td>
<td>420072</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Qlength</td>
<td>420073</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Query Function</td>
<td>420074</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Recommended Curve</td>
<td>420075</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Replaced Unique Identifier</td>
<td>420076</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Request Header</td>
<td>420077</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Request Message</td>
<td>420078</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Request Payload</td>
<td>420079</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Response Header</td>
<td>42007A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Response Message</td>
<td>42007B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Response Payload</td>
<td>42007C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Result Message</td>
<td>42007D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Result Reason</td>
<td>42007E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Result Status</td>
<td>42007F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Message</td>
<td>420080</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason</td>
<td>420081</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason Code</td>
<td>420082</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Role Type</td>
<td>420083</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Salt</td>
<td>420084</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Secret Data</td>
<td>420085</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Secret Data Type</td>
<td>420086</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Serial Number</td>
<td>420087 (deprecated as of version 1.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Server Information</td>
<td>420088</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key</td>
<td>420089</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Method</td>
<td>42008A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Parts</td>
<td>42008B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Threshold</td>
<td>42008C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>State</td>
<td>42008D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Storage Status Mask</td>
<td>42008E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Symmetric Key</td>
<td>42008F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template</td>
<td>420090</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute</td>
<td>420091</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Time Stamp</td>
<td>420092</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Batch Item ID</td>
<td>420093</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier</td>
<td>420094</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits</td>
<td>420095</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits Count</td>
<td>420096</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits Total</td>
<td>420097</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits Unit</td>
<td>420098</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Username</td>
<td>420099</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validity Date</td>
<td>42009A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validity Indicator</td>
<td>42009B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vendor Extension</td>
<td>42009C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vendor Identification</td>
<td>42009D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Wrapping Method</td>
<td>42009E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X</td>
<td>42009F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Y</td>
<td>4200A0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password</td>
<td>4200A1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Device Identifier</td>
<td>4200A2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encoding Option</td>
<td>4200A3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Information</td>
<td>4200A4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Name</td>
<td>4200A5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Tag</td>
<td>4200A6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Type</td>
<td>4200A7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fresh</td>
<td>4200A8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Machine Identifier</td>
<td>4200A9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Media Identifier</td>
<td>4200AA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Network Identifier</td>
<td>4200AB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Group Member</td>
<td>4200AC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Length</td>
<td>4200AD</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digital Signature Algorithm</td>
<td>4200AE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Serial Number</td>
<td>4200AF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Device Serial Number</td>
<td>4200B0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Issuer Alternative Name</td>
<td>4200B1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Issuer Distinguished Name</td>
<td>4200B2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subject Alternative Name</td>
<td>4200B3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subject Distinguished Name</td>
<td>4200B4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 Certificate Identifier</td>
<td>4200B5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 Certificate Issuer</td>
<td>4200B6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 Certificate Subject</td>
<td>4200B7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Value Location</td>
<td>4200B8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Value Location Value</td>
<td>4200B9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Value Location Type</td>
<td>4200BA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Value Present</td>
<td>4200BB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Original Creation Date</td>
<td>4200BC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PGP Key</td>
<td>4200BD</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PGP Key Version</td>
<td>4200BE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Alternative Name</td>
<td>4200BF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Alternative Name Value</td>
<td>4200C0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Alternative Name Type</td>
<td>4200C1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data</td>
<td>4200C2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Signature Data</td>
<td>4200C3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data Length</td>
<td>4200C4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Random IV</td>
<td>4200C5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC Data</td>
<td>4200C6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attestation Type</td>
<td>4200C7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nonce</td>
<td>4200C8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nonce ID</td>
<td>4200C9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nonce Value</td>
<td>4200CA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attestation Measurement</td>
<td>4200CB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attestation Assertion</td>
<td>4200CC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IV Length</td>
<td>4200CD</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tag Length</td>
<td>4200CE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fixed Field Length</td>
<td>4200CF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Counter Length</td>
<td>4200D0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial Counter Value</td>
<td>4200D1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Invocation Field Length</td>
<td>4200D2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attestation Capable Indicator</td>
<td>4200D3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Offset Items</td>
<td>4200D4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Located Items</td>
<td>4200D5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Correlation Value</td>
<td>4200D6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Init Indicator</td>
<td>4200D7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Final Indicator</td>
<td>4200D8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RNG Parameters</td>
<td>4200D9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RNG Algorithm</td>
<td>4200DA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DRBG Algorithm</td>
<td>4200DB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FIPS186 Variation</td>
<td>4200DC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prediction Resistance</td>
<td>4200DD</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Random Number Generator</td>
<td>4200DE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Information</td>
<td>4200DF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Authority Type</td>
<td>4200E0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Authority Country</td>
<td>4200E1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Authority URI</td>
<td>4200E2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Version Major</td>
<td>4200E3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Version Minor</td>
<td>4200E4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Type</td>
<td>4200E5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Level</td>
<td>4200E6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Certificate Identifier</td>
<td>4200E7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Certificate URI</td>
<td>4200E8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Vendor URI</td>
<td>4200E9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validation Profile</td>
<td>4200EA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Profile Information</td>
<td>4200EB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Profile Name</td>
<td>4200EC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Server URI</td>
<td>4200ED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Server Port</td>
<td>4200EE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Streaming Capability</td>
<td>4200EF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Asynchronous Capability</td>
<td>4200F0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attestation Capability</td>
<td>4200F1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unwrap Mode</td>
<td>4200F2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Destroy Action</td>
<td>4200F3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Shredding Algorithm</td>
<td>4200F4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RNG Mode</td>
<td>4200F5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Client Registration Method</td>
<td>4200F6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Capability Information</td>
<td>4200F7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrap Type</td>
<td>4200F8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Undo Capability</td>
<td>4200F9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Continue Capability</td>
<td>4200FA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PKCS#12 Friendly Name</td>
<td>4200FB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Description</td>
<td>4200FC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Comment</td>
<td>4200FD</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>Authenticated</p>
<p>Encryption Additional Data</p></td>
<td>4200FE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authenticated Encryption Tag</td>
<td>4200FF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Salt Length</td>
<td>420100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mask Generator</td>
<td>420101</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mask Generator Hashing Algorithm</td>
<td>420102</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>P Source</td>
<td>420103</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trailer Field</td>
<td>420104</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Client Correlation Value</td>
<td>420105</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Server Correlation Value</td>
<td>420106</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digested Data</td>
<td>420107</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject CN</td>
<td>420108</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject O</td>
<td>420109</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject OU</td>
<td>42010A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject Email</td>
<td>42010B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject C</td>
<td>42010C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject ST</td>
<td>42010D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject L</td>
<td>42010E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject UID</td>
<td>42010F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject Serial Number</td>
<td>420110</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject Title</td>
<td>420111</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject DC</td>
<td>420112</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject DN Qualifier</td>
<td>420113</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer CN</td>
<td>420114</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer O</td>
<td>420115</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer OU</td>
<td>420116</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer Email</td>
<td>420117</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer C</td>
<td>420118</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer ST</td>
<td>420119</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer L</td>
<td>42011A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer UID</td>
<td>42011B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer Serial Number</td>
<td>42011C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer Title</td>
<td>42011D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer DC</td>
<td>42011E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer DN Qualifier</td>
<td>42011F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sensitive</td>
<td>420120</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Always Sensitive</td>
<td>420121</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extractable</td>
<td>420122</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Never Extractable</td>
<td>420123</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Replace Existing</td>
<td>420124</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>(Reserved)</td>
<td>420120 – 42FFFF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>(Unused)</td>
<td>430000 – 53FFFF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extensions</td>
<td>540000 – 54FFFF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>(Unused)</td>
<td>550000 - FFFFFF</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="enumerations">Enumerations</h4>
<p>The following tables define the values for enumerated lists. Values
not listed (outside the range 80000000 to 8FFFFFFF) are reserved for
future KMIP versions.</p>
<h5 id="credential-type-enumeration">Credential Type Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Credential Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Credential
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Username and Password</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Device</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Attestation</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="key-compression-type-enumeration">Key Compression Type
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Key Compression Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Key Compression
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">EC Public Key Type Uncompressed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">EC Public Key Type X9.62 Compressed
Prime</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">EC Public Key Type X9.62 Compressed
Char2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">EC Public Key Type X9.62 Hybrid</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="key-format-type-enumeration">Key Format Type Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Key Format Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Key Format
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Raw</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PKCS#1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PKCS#8</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">X.509</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ECPrivateKey</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent Symmetric Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent DSA Private Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent DSA Public Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent RSA Private Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent RSA Public Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent DH Private Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent DH Public Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent ECDSA Private Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000E (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent ECDSA Public Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000F (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent ECDH Private Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000010 (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent ECDH Public Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000011 (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent ECMQV Private Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000012 (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent ECMQV Public Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000013 (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent EC Private Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000014</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Transparent EC Public Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000015</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PKCS#12</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="wrapping-method-enumeration">Wrapping Method Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Wrapping Method Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Wrapping
Method</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Encrypt</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MAC/sign</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Encrypt then MAC/sign</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MAC/sign then encrypt</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">TR-31</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="recommended-curve-enumeration">Recommended Curve Enumeration
</h5>
<p>Recommended curves are defined in <a
href="#FIPS186_4"><strong>[FIPS186-4]</strong></a> <a
href="#SEC2"><strong>[SEC2]</strong></a> <a
href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a> <a
href="#ECC_Brainpool"><strong>[CHACHA]</strong> D. J. Bernstein. ChaCha,
a variant of Salsa20.
https://cr.yp.to/chacha/chacha-20080128.pdf</a></p>
<p><strong><a href="#ECC_Brainpool">[ECC-Brainpool]</a><a
href="#RFC5639">[RFC5639]</a></strong>,</p>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Recommended Curve Enumeration for ECDSA, ECDH, and
ECMQV</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Recommended Curve
Enumeration</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">P-192</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">K-163</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">B-163</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">P-224</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">K-233</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">B-233</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">P-256</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">K-283</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">B-283</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">P-384</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">K-409</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">B-409</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">P-521</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">K-571</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">B-571</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECP112R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECP112R2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECP128R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000012</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECP128R2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000013</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECP160K1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000014</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECP160R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000015</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECP160R2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECP192K1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000017</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECP224K1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000018</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECP256K1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000019</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECT113R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECT113R2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECT131R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECT131R2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECT163R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECT193R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECT193R2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000020</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SECT239K1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000021</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9P192V2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000022</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9P192V3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000023</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9P239V1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000024</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9P239V2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000025</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9P239V3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000026</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2PNB163V1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000027</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2PNB163V2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000028</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2PNB163V3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000029</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2PNB176V1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2TNB191V1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2TNB191V2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2TNB191V3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2PNB208W1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2TNB239V1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2TNB239V2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000030</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2TNB239V3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000031</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2PNB272W1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000032</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2PNB304W1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000033</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2TNB359V1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000034</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2PNB368W1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000035</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSIX9C2TNB431R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000036</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP160R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000037</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP160T1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000038</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP192R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000039</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP192T1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP224R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP224T1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP256R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP256T1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP320R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP320T1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000040</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP384R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000041</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP384T1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000042</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP512R1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000043</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">BRAINPOOLP512T1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000044</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="certificate-type-enumeration">Certificate Type Enumeration</h5>
<p>The PGP certificate type is deprecated as of version 1.2 of this
specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification.</p>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Certificate
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">X.509</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PGP</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002 (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="digital-signature-algorithm-enumeration">Digital Signature
Algorithm Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Digital Signature Algorithm Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Digital Signature
Algorithm</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>MD2 with RSA Encryption</p>
<p>(PKCS#1 v1.5)</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MD5 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1
v1.5)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-1 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1
v1.5)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-224 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1
v1.5)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-256 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1
v1.5)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-384 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1
v1.5)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-512 with RSA Encryption (PKCS#1
v1.5)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>RSASSA-PSS</p>
<p>(PKCS#1 v2.1)</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">DSA with SHA-1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">DSA with SHA224</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">DSA with SHA256</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ECDSA with SHA-1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ECDSA with SHA224</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ECDSA with SHA256</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ECDSA with SHA384</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ECDSA with SHA512</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA3-256 with RSA Encryption</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA3-384 with RSA Encryption</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000012</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA3-512 with RSA Encryption</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000013</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="split-key-method-enumeration">Split Key Method Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Split Key Method Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Split Key
Method</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XOR</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Polynomial Sharing GF
(2<sup>16</sup>)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Polynomial Sharing Prime Field</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Polynomial Sharing GF
(2<sup>8</sup>)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="secret-data-type-enumeration">Secret Data Type Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Secret Data Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Secret Data
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Password</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Seed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="opaque-data-type-enumeration">Opaque Data Type Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Opaque Data Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Opaque Data
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="name-type-enumeration">Name Type Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Name Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Uninterpreted Text String</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">URI</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="object-type-enumeration">Object Type Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Object Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Object
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Certificate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Public Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Private Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Split Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Template</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006 (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Secret Data</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Object</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PGP Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration">Cryptographic Algorithm
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Algorithm Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Cryptographic
Algorithm</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">DES</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">3DES</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">AES</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RSA</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">DSA</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ECDSA</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC-SHA1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC-SHA224</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC-SHA256</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC-SHA384</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC-SHA512</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC-MD5</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">DH</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ECDH</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ECMQV</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Blowfish</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Camellia</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CAST5</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000012</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">IDEA</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000013</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MARS</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000014</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RC2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000015</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RC4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RC5</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000017</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SKIPJACK</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000018</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Twofish</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000019</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">EC</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">One Time Pad</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ChaCha20</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Poly1305</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ChaCha20Poly1305</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA3-224</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA3-256</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000020</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA3-384</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000021</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA3-512</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000022</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC-SHA3-224</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000023</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC-SHA3-256</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000024</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC-SHA3-384</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000025</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC-SHA3-512</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000026</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHAKE-128</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000027</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHAKE-256</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000028</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="block-cipher-mode-enumeration">Block Cipher Mode
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Block Cipher Mode Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Block Cipher
Mode</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CBC</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ECB</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PCBC</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CFB</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">OFB</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CTR</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CMAC</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CCM</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">GCM</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CBC-MAC</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XTS</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">AESKeyWrapPadding</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">NISTKeyWrap</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">X9.102 AESKW</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">X9.102 TDKW</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">X9.102 AKW1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">X9.102 AKW2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">AEAD</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000012</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="padding-method-enumeration">Padding Method Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Padding Method Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Padding
Method</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">None</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">OAEP</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PKCS5</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SSL3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Zeros</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSI X9.23</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ISO 10126</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PKCS1 v1.5</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">X9.31</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PSS</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="hashing-algorithm-enumeration">Hashing Algorithm
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Hashing Algorithm Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Hashing
Algorithm</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MD2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MD4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MD5</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-224</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-256</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-384</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-512</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RIPEMD-160</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tiger</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Whirlpool</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-512/224</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-512/256</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-3-224</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-3-256</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-3-384</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SHA-3-512</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="key-role-type-enumeration">Key Role Type Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Key Role Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">Key Role Type</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>BDK</td>
<td>00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CVK</td>
<td>00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DEK</td>
<td>00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKAC</td>
<td>00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKSMC</td>
<td>00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKSMI</td>
<td>00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKDAC</td>
<td>00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKDN</td>
<td>00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKCP</td>
<td>00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKOTH</td>
<td>0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>KEK</td>
<td>0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC16609</td>
<td>0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC97971</td>
<td>0000000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC97972</td>
<td>0000000E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC97973</td>
<td>0000000F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC97974</td>
<td>00000010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC97975</td>
<td>00000011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ZPK</td>
<td>00000012</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PVKIBM</td>
<td>00000013</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PVKPVV</td>
<td>00000014</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PVKOTH</td>
<td>00000015</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DUKPT</td>
<td>00000016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IV</td>
<td>00000017</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TRKBK</td>
<td>00000018</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extensions</td>
<td>8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note that while the set and definitions of key role types are chosen
to match <a href="#TR31"><strong>[X9 TR-31]</strong></a> there is no
necessity to match binary representations.</p>
<h5 id="state-enumeration">State Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: State Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>State</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Pre-Active</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Active</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Deactivated</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Compromised</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Destroyed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Destroyed Compromised</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="revocation-reason-code-enumeration">Revocation Reason Code
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Revocation Reason Code Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Revocation Reason
Code</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Key Compromise</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CA Compromise</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Affiliation Changed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Superseded</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Cessation of Operation</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Privilege Withdrawn</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="link-type-enumeration">Link Type Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Link Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Link
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Certificate Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000101</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Public Key Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000102</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Private Key Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000103</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Derivation Base Object Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000104</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Derived Key Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000105</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Replacement Object Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000106</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Replaced Object Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000107</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Parent Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000108</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Child Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000109</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Previous Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000010A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Next Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000010B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PKCS#12 Certificate Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000010C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PKCS#12 Password Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000010D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="derivation-method-enumeration">Derivation Method
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Derivation Method Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Derivation
Method</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PBKDF2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HASH</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ENCRYPT</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">NIST800-108-C</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">NIST800-108-F</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">NIST800-108-DPI</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="certificate-request-type-enumeration">Certificate Request Type
Enumeration</h5>
<p>The PGP certificate request type is deprecated as of version 1.1 of
this specification and MAY be removed from subsequent versions of the
specification.</p>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Certificate Request Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Certificate Request
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CRMF</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PKCS#10</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PEM</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">PGP</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004 (deprecated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="validity-indicator-enumeration">Validity Indicator
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Validity Indicator Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Validity
Indicator</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Valid</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Invalid</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unknown</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="query-function-enumeration">Query Function Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Query Function Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Query
Function</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Operations</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Objects</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Server Information</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Application Namespaces</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Extension List</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Extension Map</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Attestation Types</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query RNGs</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Validations</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Profiles</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Capabilities</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query Client Registration Methods</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="cancellation-result-enumeration">Cancellation Result
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Cancellation Result Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Cancellation
Result</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Canceled</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unable to Cancel</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Completed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Failed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unavailable</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="put-function-enumeration">Put Function Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Put Function Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Put
Function</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">New</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Replace</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="operation-enumeration">Operation Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Operation Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"
style="text-align: center;"><strong>Operation</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Create</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Create Key Pair</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Register</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Re-key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Derive Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Certify</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Re-certify</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Locate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Check</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Attributes</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Attribute List</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Add Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Modify Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Delete Attribute</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Obtain Lease</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Get Usage Allocation</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Activate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000012</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Revoke</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000013</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Destroy</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000014</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Archive</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000015</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Recover</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Validate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000017</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Query</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000018</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Cancel</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000019</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Poll</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Notify</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Put</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Re-key Key Pair</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Discover Versions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Encrypt</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Decrypt</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000020</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Sign</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000021</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Signature Verify</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000022</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MAC</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000023</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MAC Verify</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000024</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RNG Retrieve</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000025</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RNG Seed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000026</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Hash</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000027</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Create Split Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000028</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Join Split Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000029</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Import</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Export</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="result-status-enumeration">Result Status Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Result Status Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Result
Status</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Success</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Operation Failed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Operation Pending</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Operation Undone</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="result-reason-enumeration">Result Reason Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Result Reason Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Result
Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Item Not Found</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Response Too Large</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Authentication Not Successful</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Invalid Message</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Operation Not Supported</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Missing Data</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Invalid Field</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Feature Not Supported</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Operation Canceled By Requester</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Cryptographic Failure</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Illegal Operation</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Permission Denied</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Object archived</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Index Out of Bounds</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Key Format Type Not Supported</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Key Compression Type Not Supported</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Encoding Option Error</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000012</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Key Value Not Present</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000013</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Attestation Required</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000014</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Attestation Failed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000015</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Sensitive</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Not Extractable</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000017</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Object Already Exists</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000018</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">General Failure</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration">Batch Error
Continuation Option Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Batch Error Continuation Option Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Batch Error
Continuation</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Continue</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Stop</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Undo</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="usage-limits-unit-enumeration">Usage Limits Unit
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p><span id="_Toc310932946" class="anchor"></span>Table 319:
Usage Limits Unit Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Usage Limits
Unit</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Byte</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Object</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="encoding-option-enumeration">Encoding Option Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Encoding Option Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Encoding
Option</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">No Encoding</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">TTLV Encoding</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="object-group-member-enumeration">Object Group Member
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Object Group Member Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Object Group Member
Option</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Group Member Fresh</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Group Member Default</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="alternative-name-type-enumeration">Alternative Name Type
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Alternative Name Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Alternative Name
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Uninterpreted Text String</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">URI</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Object Serial Number</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Email Address</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">DNS Name</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">X.500 Distinguished Name</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">IP Address</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="key-value-location-type-enumeration">Key Value Location Type
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Key Value Location Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Key Value Location
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Uninterpreted Text String</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">URI</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="attestation-type-enumeration">Attestation Type Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Attestation Type Enumeration</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Attestation
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">TPM Quote</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">TCG Integrity Report</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">SAML Assertion</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="rng-algorithm-enumeration">RNG Algorithm Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>RNG
Algorithm</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">FIPS 186-2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">DRBG</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">NRBG</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSI X9.31</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">ANSI X9.62</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note: the user should be aware that a number of these algorithms are
no longer recommended for general use and/or are deprecated. They are
included for completeness.</p>
<h5 id="drbg-algorithm-enumeration">DRBG Algorithm Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>DRBG
Algorithm</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Dual-EC</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Hash</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HMAC</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CTR</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="fips186-variation-enumeration">FIPS186 Variation
Enumeration</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>FIPS186
Variation</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">GP x-Original</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">GP x-Change Notice</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">x-Original</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">x-Change Notice</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">k-Original</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">k-Change Notice</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note: the user should be aware that a number of these algorithms are
no longer recommended for general use and/or are deprecated. They are
included for completeness.</p>
<h5 id="validation-authority-type-enumeration">Validation Authority Type
Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Validation Authority
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">NIST CMVP</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Common Criteria</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><span id="_Ref409722790" class="anchor"></span></p>
<h5 id="validation-type-enumeration">Validation Type Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Validation
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Hardware</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Software</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Firmware</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Hybrid</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="profile-name-enumeration">Profile Name Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Profile Name
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Server Basic KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Client Basic KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Client TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Complete Server Basic KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Complete Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000009</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP
v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP
v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000000F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP
v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP
v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000012</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP
v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000013</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP
v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000014</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000015</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP
v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP
v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000017</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000018</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Cryptographic Client KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000019</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Cryptographic Server KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Cryptographic Client KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Cryptographic Server KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RNG Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RNG Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP
v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000001F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry
Client KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000020</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client
KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000021</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP
v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000022</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry
Client KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000023</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client
KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000024</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000025</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry
Client KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000026</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client
KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000027</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP
v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000028</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP
v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000029</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP
v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP
v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP
v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP
v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000002F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP
v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000030</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000031</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000032</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000033</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000034</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000035</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000036</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000037</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000038</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000039</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive
Client KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive
Client KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive
Client KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000003F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive
Server KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000040</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive
Server KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000041</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive
Server KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000042</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000043</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000044</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000045</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000046</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000047</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000048</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">JSON Client KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000049</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">JSON Client KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000004A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">JSON Client KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000004B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">JSON Server KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000004C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">JSON Server KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000004D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">JSON Server KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000004E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XML Client KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000004F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XML Client KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000050</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XML Client KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000051</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XML Server KMIP v1.0</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000052</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XML Server KMIP v1.1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000053</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XML Server KMIP v1.2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000054</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Server Basic KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000055</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000056</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Client Basic KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000057</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Client TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000058</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Complete Server Basic KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000059</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Complete Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000005A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000005B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000005C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000005D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000005E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000005F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000060</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Cryptographic Client KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000061</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Cryptographic Server KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000062</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Cryptographic Client KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000063</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Cryptographic Server KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000064</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RNG Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000065</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RNG Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000066</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000067</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry
Client KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000068</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client
KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000069</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000006A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000006B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP
v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000006C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000006D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000006E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000006F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000070</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive
Client KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000071</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive
Server KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000072</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000073</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000074</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">JSON Client KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000075</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">JSON Server KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000076</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XML Client KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000077</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XML Server KMIP v1.3</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000078</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Server Basic KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000079</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000007A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Client Basic KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000007B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Baseline Client TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000007C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Complete Server Basic KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000007D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Complete Server TLS v1.2 KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000007E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tape Library Client KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000007F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Tape Library Server KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000080</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000081</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000082</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Client KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000083</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Asymmetric Key Lifecycle Server KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000084</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Cryptographic Client KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000085</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Cryptographic Server KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000086</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Cryptographic Client KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000087</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Cryptographic Server KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000088</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RNG Cryptographic Client KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000089</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">RNG Cryptographic Server KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000008A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Basic Symmetric Key Foundry Client KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000008B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Intermediate Symmetric Key Foundry
Client KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000008C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Advanced Symmetric Key Foundry Client
KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000008D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Symmetric Key Foundry Server KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000008E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Managed Object Store Client KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000008F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Opaque Managed Object Store Server KMIP
v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000090</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_128 Client KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000091</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_128 Server KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000092</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_192 Client KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000093</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Suite B minLOS_192 Server KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000094</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive
Client KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000095</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Storage Array with Self Encrypting Drive
Server KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000096</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HTTPS Client KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000097</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">HTTPS Server KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000098</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">JSON Client KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000099</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">JSON Server KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000009A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XML Client KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000009B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">XML Server KMIP v1.4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0000009C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="unwrap-mode-enumeration">Unwrap Mode Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Unwrap
Mode</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Processed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Not Processed</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="destroy-action-enumeration">Destroy Action Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Destroy Action
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Key Material Deleted</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Key Material Shredded</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Meta Data Deleted</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Meta Data Shredded</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Deleted</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000006</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Shredded</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000007</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="shredding-algorithm-enumeration">Shredding Algorithm Enumeration
</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Shredding
Algorithm</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Cryptographic</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unsupported</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="rng-mode-enumeration">RNG Mode Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>RNG
Mode</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Shared Instantiation</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Non-Shared Instantiation</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="client-registration-method-enumeration">Client Registration
Method Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Client Registration
Method</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unspecified</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Server Pre-Generated</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Server On-Demand</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Client Generated</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Client Registered</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="key-wrap-type-enumeration">Key Wrap Type Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Key Wrap
Type</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Not Wrapped</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">As Registered</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="mask-generator-enumeration">Mask Generator Enumeration </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Mask
Generator</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MGF1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">8XXXXXXX</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="bit-masks">Bit Masks</h4>
<h5 id="cryptographic-usage-mask-1">Cryptographic Usage Mask </h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Cryptographic Usage Mask</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Cryptographic Usage
Mask</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Sign</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Verify</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Encrypt</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Decrypt</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000008</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Wrap Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Unwrap Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000020</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Export</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000040</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MAC Generate</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000080</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">MAC Verify</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Derive Key</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000200</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>Content Commitment</p>
<p>(Non Repudiation)</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000400</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Key Agreement</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Certificate Sign</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00001000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">CRL Sign</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00002000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Generate Cryptogram</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00004000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Validate Cryptogram</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00008000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Translate Encrypt</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00010000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Translate Decrypt</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00020000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Translate Wrap</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00040000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Translate Unwrap</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00080000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">XXX00000</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>This list takes into consideration values which MAY appear in the Key
Usage extension in an X.509 certificate.</p>
<h5 id="storage-status-mask">Storage Status Mask</h5>
<table style="width:64%;">
<caption><p>: Storage Status Mask</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 31%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Storage Status
Mask</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Name</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">On-line storage</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Archival storage</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">00000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">Extensions</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">XXXXXXX0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="transport">Transport </h1>
<p>KMIP Servers and Clients SHALL establish and maintain channel
confidentiality and integrity, and provide assurance of authenticity for
KMIP messaging as specified in <a
href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>. </p>
<h1 id="error-handling">Error Handling</h1>
<p>This section details the specific Result Reasons that SHALL be
returned for errors detected.</p>
<h2 id="general">General</h2>
<p>These errors MAY occur when any protocol message is received by the
server or client (in response to server-to-client operations).</p>
<table style="width:94%;">
<caption><p>: General Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 31%" />
<col style="width: 33%" />
<col style="width: 29%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Action</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol major version mismatch</td>
<td>Response message containing a header and a Batch Item without
Operation, but with the Result Status field set to Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Error parsing batch item or payload within batch item</td>
<td>Batch item fails; Result Status is Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The same field is contained in a header/batch item/payload more than
once</td>
<td>Result Status is Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Same major version, different minor versions; unknown fields/fields
the server does not understand</td>
<td>Ignore unknown fields, process rest normally</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Same major &amp; minor version, unknown field</td>
<td>Result Status is Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Client is not allowed to perform the specified operation</td>
<td>Result Status is Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum Response Size has been exceeded</td>
<td>Result Status is Operation Failed</td>
<td>Response Too Large</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Server does not support operation</td>
<td>Result Status is Operation Failed</td>
<td>Operation Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Criticality Indicator in a Message Extension structure is set to
True, but the server does not understand the extension</td>
<td>Result Status is Operation Failed</td>
<td>Feature Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Message cannot be parsed</td>
<td>Response message containing a header and a Batch Item without
Operation, but with the Result Status field set to Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation requires attestation data which was not provided by the
client, and the client has set the Attestation Capable indicator to
True</td>
<td>Result Status is Operation Failed</td>
<td>Attestation Required</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation requires attestation data which was not provided by the
client, and the client has set the Attestation Capable indicator to
False</td>
<td>Result Status is Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation requires attestation data and the attestation data
provided by the client does not validate</td>
<td>Result Status is Operation Failed</td>
<td>Attestation Failed</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="create-1">Create</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Create Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type is not recognized</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Templates that do not exist are given in request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Error creating cryptographic object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an
attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Index Out of Bounds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as
an existing object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="create-key-pair-1">Create Key Pair</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Create Key Pair Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Templates that do not exist are given in request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Error creating cryptographic object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as
an existing object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an
attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Index Out of Bounds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>REQUIRED field(s) missing</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="register-1">Register</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Register Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type is not recognized</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type does not match type of cryptographic object
provided</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Templates that do not exist are given in request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to register a new Template object containing a Name attribute
with the Template structure</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to register a new object with the same Name attribute value
as an existing object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an
attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Index Out of Bounds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification
contains attribute names</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Encoding Option Error</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Format Type is PKCS#12, but missing or multiple PKCS#12 Password
Links</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>Key Format Type is PKCS#12, but</p>
<p>PKCS#12 Password Link does not</p>
<p>contain the Unique Identifier of a</p>
<p>Secret Data object or the Secret Data Type is not Password.</p></td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-key-1">Re-key</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Re-key Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object specified is not able to be re-keyed</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Offset field is not permitted to be specified at the same time as
any of the Activation Date, Process Start Date, Protect Stop Date, or
Deactivation Date attributes</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during re-key</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>An offset cannot be used to specify new Process Start, Protect Stop
and/or Deactivation Date attribute values since no Activation Date has
been specified for the existing key</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Key Value is not present on the server</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Value Not Present</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-key-key-pair-1">Re-key Key Pair</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Re-key Key Pair Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object specified is not able to be re-keyed</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Offset field is not permitted to be specified at the same time as
any of the Activation Date or Deactivation Date attributes</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during re-key</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>An offset cannot be used to specify new Process Start, Protect Stop
and/or Deactivation Date attribute values since no Activation Date has
been specified for the existing key</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Key Value is not present on the server</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Value Not Present</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="derive-key-1">Derive Key</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Derive Key Errors-</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>One or more of the objects specified do not exist</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>One or more of the objects specified are not of the correct
type</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Templates that do not exist are given in request</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Invalid Derivation Method</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Invalid Derivation Parameters</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ambiguous derivation data provided both with Derivation Data and
Secret Data object.</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>One or more of the specified objects are not able to be used to
derive a new key</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to derive a new key with the same Name attribute value as an
existing object</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>One or more of the objects is archived</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The specified length exceeds the output of the derivation method or
other cryptographic error during derivation.</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td colspan="2">Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">The Key Value is not present on the server</td>
<td colspan="2">Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Value Not Present</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="certify-1">Certify</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Certify Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object specified is not able to be certified</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Certificate Request does not contain a signed certificate
request of the specified Certificate Request Type</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="re-certify-1">Re-certify</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Re-certify Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object specified is not able to be certified</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Certificate Request does not contain a signed certificate
request of the specified Certificate Request Type</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Offset field is not permitted to be specified at the same time as
any of the Activation Date or Deactivation Date attributes</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="locate-1">Locate</h2>
<table style="width:98%;">
<caption><p>: Locate Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Non-existing attributes, attributes that the server does not
understand or templates that do not exist are given in the request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="check-1"> Check</h2>
<table style="width:98%;">
<caption><p>: Check Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object does not exist</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Check cannot be performed on this object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The client is not allowed to use the object according to the
specified attributes</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-1"> Get</h2>
<table style="width:98%;">
<caption><p>: Get Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object does not exist</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Wrapping key does not exist</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object with Encryption Key Information exists, but it is not a
key</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object with Encryption Key Information exists, but it is not able to
be used for wrapping</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not a
key</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not able
to be used for MACing/signing</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Key Format Type
and/or Key Compression Type</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object exists and is not a Template, but the server only has
attributes for this object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters associated with the object do not exist or
do not match those provided in the Encryption Key Information and/or
Signature Key Information</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Encoding
Option</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Encoding Option Error</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification
contains attribute names</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Encoding Option Error</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrap Type is not supported by the server.</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Not Supported.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is Sensitive</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Sensitive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is not Extractable</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Not Extractble</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-attributes-1"> Get Attributes</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Get Attributes Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The same Attribute Name is present more than once</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-attribute-list-1"> Get Attribute List</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Get Attribute List Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="add-attribute-1"> Add Attribute</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Add Attribute Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attempt to add a read-only attribute</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attempt to add an attribute that is not supported for this
object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The specified attribute already exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>New attribute contains Attribute Index</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to add a Name attribute with the same value that another
object already has</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to add a new instance to an attribute with multiple instances
but the server limit on instances has been reached</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Index Out of Bounds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="modify-attribute-1"> Modify Attribute</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Modify Attribute Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A specified attribute does not exist (i.e., it needs to first be
added)</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No matching attribute instance exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The specified attribute is read-only</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to set the Name attribute value to a value already used by
another object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="delete-attribute-1"> Delete Attribute</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Delete Attribute Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attempt to delete a read-only/REQUIRED attribute</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No matching attribute instance exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No attribute with the specified name exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="obtain-lease-1"> Obtain Lease</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Obtain Lease Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The server determines that a new lease is not permitted to be issued
for the specified cryptographic object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="get-usage-allocation-1"> Get Usage Allocation</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Get Usage Allocation Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object has no Usage Limits attribute, or the object is not able to
be used for applying cryptographic protection</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No Usage Limits Count is specified</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The server was not able to grant the requested amount of usage
allocation</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="activate-1"> Activate</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Activate Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier specifies a template or other object that is not
able to be activated</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is not in Pre-Active state</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="revoke-1"> Revoke</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Revoke Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason is not recognized</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier specifies a template or other object that is not
able to be revoked</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="destroy-1"> Destroy</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Destroy Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object exists, but has already been destroyed</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is not in Pre-Active, Deactivated or Compromised state</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="archive-1"> Archive</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Archive Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is already archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="recover-1"> Recover</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Recover Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="validate-1"> Validate</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Validate Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The combination of Certificate Objects and Unique Identifiers does
not specify a certificate list</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Message</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>One or more of the objects is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="query-2"> Query</h2>
<p>N/A</p>
<h2 id="discover-versions-1"> Discover Versions</h2>
<p>N/A</p>
<h2 id="cancel-1">Cancel</h2>
<p>N/A</p>
<h2 id="poll-1"> Poll</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Poll Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No outstanding operation with the specified Asynchronous Correlation
Value exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="encrypt-1"> Encrypt</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Encrypt Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object specified is not able to be used for encryption</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during encryption</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Key Value is not present on the server</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Value Not Present</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value
exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="decrypt-1">Decrypt</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Decrypt Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object specified is not able to be used for decryption</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during decryption</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Key Value is not present on the server</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Value Not Present</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value
exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sign-1">Sign</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Sign Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object specified is not able to be used for signing</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during signing</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Key Value is not present on the server</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Value Not Present</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value
exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="signature-verify-1">Signature Verify</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Signature Verify Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object specified is not able to be used for signature
verification</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during signature verification</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Key Value is not present on the server</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Value Not Present</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value
exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="mac-1">MAC</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: MAC Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object specified is not able to be used for MACing</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during MACing</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Key Value is not present on the server</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Value Not Present</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value
exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="mac-verify-1">MAC Verify</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: MAC Verify Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object specified is not able to be used for MAC verification</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during MAC verification</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Key Value is not present on the server</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Value Not Present</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value
exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="rng-retrieve-1">RNG Retrieve</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: RNG Retrieve Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during RNG Retrieve</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="rng-seed-1">RNG Seed</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: RNG Seed Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during RNG Seed</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="hash-1">HASH</h2>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: HASH Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 40%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic error during HASH</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No outstanding operation with the specified Correlation Value
exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="create-split-key-1">Create Split Key</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Create Split Key Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type is not recognized</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Templates that do not exist are given in request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Error creating cryptographic object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an
attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Index Out of Bounds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as
an existing object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Method not supported</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="join-split-key-1">Join Split Key</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Join Split Key Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type is not recognized</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Templates that do not exist are given in request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Error creating cryptographic object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an
attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Index Out of Bounds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to create a new object with the same Name attribute value as
an existing object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template object is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Number of Unique Identifiers given in request is less than Split Key
Threshold</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Cryptographic Failure?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Method not supported</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No object with the specified Unique Identifier exists</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>One or more of the objects is archived</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Archived</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="export-1">Export</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Action</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object does not exist</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Wrapping key does not exist</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>Object with Encryption Key Information</p>
<p>exists, but it is not a key</p></td>
<td></td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object with Encryption Key Information exists, but it is not able to
be used for wrapping</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not a
key</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Illegal Operation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>Object with MAC/Signature Key Information exists, but it is not
able to</p>
<p>be used for MACing/signing</p></td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Permission Denied</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Key Format Type
and/or Key Compression Type</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Key Format Type and/or Key Compression Type Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters associated with the object do not exist or
do not match those provided in the Encryption Key Information and/or
Signature Key Information</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Item Not Found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object exists but cannot be provided in the desired Encoding
Option</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Encoding Option Error</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification
contains attribute names</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Encoding Option Error</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrap Type is not supported by the server</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Not Supported</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><span id="_Toc476128982" class="anchor"></span>Table : Export
Errors</p>
<h2 id="import-1">Import</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Import Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Status</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique identifier already exists on the server and Replace Existing
is false or not specified.</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Object Already Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type is not recognized</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type does not match type of cryptographic object
provided</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Incorrect attribute value(s) specified</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to register a new object with the same Name attribute value
as an existing object</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Trying to set more instances than the server supports of an
attribute that MAY have multiple instances</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Index Out of Bounds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The particular Application Namespace is not supported, and
Application Data cannot be generated if it was omitted from the client
request</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Application Namespace Not Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encoding Option not permitted when Key Wrapping Specification
contains attribute names</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Encoding Option Error</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Field is not supported by server</td>
<td>Operation Failed</td>
<td>Invalid Field</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="batch-items">Batch Items</h2>
<p>These errors MAY occur when a protocol message with one or more batch
items is processed by the server. If a message with one or more batch
items was parsed correctly, then the response message SHOULD include
response(s) to the batch item(s) in the request according to the table
below.</p>
<table style="width:99%;">
<caption><p>: Batch Items Errors</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 39%" />
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Error Definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>Action</strong></td>
<td><strong>Result Reason</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Processing of batch item fails with Batch Error Continuation Option
set to Stop</td>
<td>Batch item fails and Result Status is set to Operation Failed.
Responses to batch items that have already been processed are returned
normally. Responses to batch items that have not been processed are not
returned.</td>
<td>See tables above, referring to the operation being performed in the
batch item that failed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Processing of batch item fails with Batch Error Continuation Option
set to Continue</td>
<td>Batch item fails and Result Status is set to Operation Failed.
Responses to other batch items are returned normally.</td>
<td>See tables above, referring to the operation being performed in the
batch item that failed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Processing of batch item fails with Batch Error Continuation Option
set to Undo</td>
<td>Batch item fails and Result Status is set to Operation Failed. Batch
items that had been processed have been undone and their responses are
returned with Undone result status.</td>
<td>See tables above, referring to the operation being performed in the
batch item that failed</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="kmip-server-and-client-implementation-conformance">KMIP Server
and Client Implementation Conformance</h1>
<h2 id="kmip-server-implementation-conformance">KMIP Server
Implementation Conformance </h2>
<p>An implementation is a conforming KMIP Server if the implementation
meets the conditions specified in one or more server profiles specified
in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
<p>A KMIP server implementation SHALL be a conforming KMIP Server.</p>
<p>If a KMIP server implementation claims support for a particular
server profile, then the implementation SHALL conform to all normative
statements within the clauses specified for that profile and for any
subclauses to each of those clauses.</p>
<h2 id="kmip-client-implementation-conformance">KMIP Client
Implementation Conformance </h2>
<p>An implementation is a conforming KMIP Client if the implementation
meets the conditions specified in one or more client profiles specified
in <a href="#_Toc241997046"><strong>[KMIP-Prof]</strong></a>.</p>
<p>A KMIP client implementation SHALL be a conforming KMIP Client.</p>
<p>If a KMIP client implementation claims support for a particular
client profile, then the implementation SHALL conform to all normative
statements within the clauses specified for that profile and for any
subclauses to each of those clauses.</p>
<h1 class="AppendixHeading1" id="acknowledgments">Acknowledgments</h1>
<p>The following individuals have participated in the creation of this
specification and are gratefully acknowledged:</p>
<p>Participants:</p>
<p>Anthony Berglas, Cryptsoft</p>
<p>Justin Corlett, Cryptsoft</p>
<p>Tony Cox, Cryptsoft</p>
<p>Tim Hudson, Cryptsoft</p>
<p>Bruce Rich, Cryptsoft</p>
<p>Greg Scott, Cryptsoft</p>
<p>Magda Zdunkiewicz, Cryptsoft</p>
<p>Judith Furlong, Dell</p>
<p>Michael Phillips, Dell</p>
<p>Lina Baquero, Fornetix</p>
<p>Jeff Bartell, Fornetix</p>
<p>Stephen Edwards, Fornetix</p>
<p>Gary Gardner, Fornetix</p>
<p>Heather Stevens, Fornetix</p>
<p>Gerald Stueve, Fornetix</p>
<p>Charles White, Fornetix</p>
<p>Alex Downey, Futurex</p>
<p>Hannah Lee, Hancom Secure, Inc.</p>
<p>Indra Fitzgerald, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<p>Christopher Hillier, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<p>Matt Suh, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<p>Nathan Turajski, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<p>Steve Wierenga, Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)</p>
<p>Rinkesh Bansal, IBM</p>
<p>Mathias Bjorkqvist, IBM</p>
<p>Kevin Driver, IBM</p>
<p>Prashant Mestri, IBM</p>
<p>Krishna Yellepeddy, IBM</p>
<p>Andre Bereza, KRYPTUS</p>
<p>Tim Chevalier, NetApp</p>
<p>Hai-May Chao, Oracle</p>
<p>Valerie Fenwick, Oracle</p>
<p>Susan Gleeson, Oracle</p>
<p>Hal Lockhart, Oracle</p>
<p>Saikat Saha, Oracle</p>
<p>Radhika Siravara, Oracle</p>
<p>Mark Joseph, P6R, Inc</p>
<p>Jim Susoy, P6R, Inc</p>
<p>John Leiseboer, QuintessenceLabs Pty Ltd.</p>
<p>David Featherstone, SafeNet, Inc.</p>
<p>Joseph Brand, Semper Fortis Solutions</p>
<p>Chris Skiscim, Semper Fortis Solutions</p>
<p>Kathy Kriese, Symantec Corp.</p>
<p>Robert Lockhart, Thales e-Security</p>
<p>Steve He, Vormetric, Inc.</p>
<p>Peter Tsai, Vormetric, Inc.</p>
<p>Joshua Zhu, Vormetric, Inc.</p>
<h1 class="AppendixHeading1" id="attribute-cross-reference">Attribute
Cross-Reference</h1>
<p>The following table of Attribute names indicates the Managed
Object(s) for which each attribute applies. This table is not
normative.</p>
<table style="width:91%;">
<caption><p>: Attribute Cross-reference</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 44%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2"><strong>Attribute Name</strong></th>
<th colspan="9" style="text-align: center;"><strong>Managed
Object</strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Certificate</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Symmetric Key</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Public Key</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Private Key</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Split Key</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Template</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Secret Data</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Opaque Object</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>PGP Key</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Algorithm</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Domain Parameters</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Length</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Type</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Identifier</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Length</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digital Signature Algorithm</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digest</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation Policy Name</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Usage Mask</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Lease Time</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>State</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial Date</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Activation Date</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Process Start Date</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protect Stop Date</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deactivation Date</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Destroy Date</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Occurrence Date</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Date</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Archive Date</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Group</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fresh</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Link</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Specific Information</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Contact Information</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Change Date</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Custom Attribute</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Alternative Name</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Value Present</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Value Location</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td>x</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Original Creation Date</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 class="AppendixHeading1" id="tag-cross-reference">Tag
Cross-Reference</h1>
<p>This table is not normative.</p>
<table style="width:100%;">
<caption><p>: Tag Cross-reference</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 35%" />
<col style="width: 23%" />
<col style="width: 18%" />
<col style="width: 23%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><strong>Object</strong></th>
<th><strong>Defined</strong></th>
<th><strong>Type</strong></th>
<th><strong>Notes</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Activation Date</td>
<td><a href="#activation-date">3.24</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Data</td>
<td><a href="#application-specific-information">3.36</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Namespace</td>
<td><a href="#application-specific-information">3.36</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application Specific Information</td>
<td><a href="#application-specific-information">3.36</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Archive Date</td>
<td><a href="#archive-date">3.32</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Asynchronous Correlation Value</td>
<td><a href="#asynchronous-correlation-value">6.8</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Asynchronous Indicator</td>
<td><a href="#asynchronous-indicator">6.7</a></td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute</td>
<td><a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute Index</td>
<td><a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute Name</td>
<td><a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Attribute Value</td>
<td><a href="#attribute">2.1.1</a></td>
<td>*</td>
<td>type varies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Authentication</td>
<td><a href="#authentication">6.6</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Count</td>
<td><a href="#batch-count">6.14</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Error Continuation Option</td>
<td><a href="#batch-error-continuation-option">6.13</a>, <a
href="#batch-error-continuation-option-enumeration">9.1.3.2.30</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Item</td>
<td><a href="#batch-item">6.15</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Batch Order Option</td>
<td><a href="#batch-order-option">6.12</a></td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Block Cipher Mode</td>
<td><a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a>, <a
href="#block-cipher-mode-enumeration">9.1.3.2.14</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cancellation Result</td>
<td><a href="#cancel">4.27</a>, <a
href="#cancellation-result-enumeration">9.1.3.2.25</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate</td>
<td><a href="#certificate">2.2.1</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-identifier">3.13</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td>deprecated as of version 1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-identifier">3.13</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td>deprecated as of version 1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer Alternative Name</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-issuer">3.15</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td>deprecated as of version 1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Issuer Distinguished Name</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-issuer">3.15</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td>deprecated as of version 1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Length</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-length">3.9</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Request</td>
<td><a href="#certify">4.7</a>, <a href="#re-certify">4.8</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Request Type</td>
<td><a href="#certify">4.7</a>, <a href="#re-certify">4.8</a>, <a
href="#certificate-request-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.22</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Serial Number</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-length">3.9</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-subject">3.14</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td>deprecated as of version 1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject Alternative Name</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-subject">3.14</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td>deprecated as of version 1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Subject Distinguished Name</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-subject">3.14</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td>deprecated as of version 1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Type</td>
<td><a href="#certificate">2.2.1</a>, <a
href="#certificate-type">3.8</a> , <a
href="#certificate-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.6</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certificate Value</td>
<td><a href="#certificate">2.2.1</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Common Template-Attribute</td>
<td><a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Occurrence Date</td>
<td><a href="#compromise-occurrence-date">3.29</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compromise Date</td>
<td><a href="#compromise-date">3.30</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Contact Information</td>
<td><a href="#contact-information">3.37</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Credential</td>
<td><a href="#credential">2.1.2</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Credential Type</td>
<td><a href="#credential">2.1.2</a>, <a
href="#credential-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.1</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Credential Value</td>
<td><a href="#credential">2.1.2</a></td>
<td>*</td>
<td>type varies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Criticality Indicator</td>
<td><a href="#message-extension">6.16</a></td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CRT Coefficient</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Algorithm</td>
<td><a href="#cryptographic-algorithm">3.4</a>, <a
href="#cryptographic-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.13</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Length</td>
<td><a href="#cryptographic-length">3.5</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Parameters</td>
<td><a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cryptographic Usage Mask</td>
<td><a href="#cryptographic-usage-mask">3.19</a>, <a
href="#cryptographic-usage-mask-1">9.1.3.3.1</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td>Bit mask</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Custom Attribute</td>
<td><a href="#custom-attribute">3.39</a></td>
<td>*</td>
<td>type varies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>D</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deactivation Date</td>
<td><a href="#deactivation-date">3.27</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derivation Data</td>
<td><a href="#derive-key">4.6</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derivation Method</td>
<td><a href="#derive-key">4.6</a>, <a
href="#derivation-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.21</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derivation Parameters</td>
<td><a href="#derive-key">4.6</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Destroy Date</td>
<td><a href="#destroy-date">3.28</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Device Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#credential">2.1.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Device Serial Number</td>
<td><a href="#credential">2.1.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digest</td>
<td><a href="#digest">3.17</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digest Value</td>
<td><a href="#digest">3.17</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digital Signature Algorithm</td>
<td><a href="#digital-signature-algorithm">3.16</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encoding Option</td>
<td><a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5</a>, <a
href="#key-wrapping-specification">2.1.6</a>, <a
href="#encoding-option-enumeration">9.1.3.2.32</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encryption Key Information</td>
<td><a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Information</td>
<td><a href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Name</td>
<td><a href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Tag</td>
<td><a href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extension Type</td>
<td><a href="#extension-information">2.1.9</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Extensions</td>
<td><a href="#defined-values">9.1.3</a></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fresh</td>
<td><a href="#fresh">3.34</a></td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>G</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hashing Algorithm</td>
<td><a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a>, <a
href="#digest">3.17</a>, <a
href="#hashing-algorithm-enumeration">9.1.3.2.16</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initial Date</td>
<td><a href="#initial-date">3.23</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Initialization Vector</td>
<td><a href="#derive-key">4.6</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Issuer</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-identifier">3.13</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td>deprecated as of version 1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Issuer Alternative Name</td>
<td><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer">3.12</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Issuer Distinguished Name</td>
<td><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer">3.12</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Iteration Count</td>
<td><a href="#derive-key">4.6</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IV/Counter/Nonce</td>
<td><a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>J</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Block</td>
<td><a href="#key-block">2.1.3</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Compression Type</td>
<td><a href="#key-compression-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.2</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Format Type</td>
<td><a href="#key-value">2.1.4</a>, <a
href="#key-format-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.3</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Material</td>
<td><a href="#key-value">2.1.4</a>, <a
href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Byte String / Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Part Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#split-key">2.2.5</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Role Type</td>
<td><a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a>, <a
href="#key-role-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.17</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Value</td>
<td><a href="#key-value">2.1.4</a></td>
<td>Byte String / Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrapping Data</td>
<td><a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Key Wrapping Specification</td>
<td><a href="#key-wrapping-specification">2.1.6</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Change Date</td>
<td><a href="#last-change-date">3.38</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Lease Time</td>
<td><a href="#lease-time">3.20</a></td>
<td>Interval</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Link</td>
<td><a href="#link">3.35</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Link Type</td>
<td><a href="#link">3.35</a>, <a
href="#link-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.20</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Linked Object Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#link">3.35</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC/Signature</td>
<td><a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC/Signature Key Information</td>
<td><a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Machine Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#credential">2.1.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum Items</td>
<td><a href="#locate">4.9</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum Response Size</td>
<td><a href="#maximum-response-size">6.3</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Media Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#credential">2.1.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Message Extension</td>
<td><a href="#message-extension">6.16</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modulus</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td><a href="#name">3.2</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name Type</td>
<td><a href="#name">3.2</a>, <a
href="#name-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.11</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Name Value</td>
<td><a href="#name">3.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Network Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#credential">2.1.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Group</td>
<td><a href="#object-group">3.33</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Group Member</td>
<td><a href="#locate">4.9</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Object Type</td>
<td><a href="#object-type">3.3</a>, <a
href="#object-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.12</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Offset</td>
<td><a href="#re-key">4.4</a>, <a href="#re-certify">4.8</a></td>
<td>Interval</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Opaque Data Type</td>
<td><a href="#opaque-object">2.2.8</a>, <a
href="#opaque-data-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.10</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Opaque Data Value</td>
<td><a href="#opaque-object">2.2.8</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Opaque Object</td>
<td><a href="#opaque-object">2.2.8</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation</td>
<td><a href="#operation">6.2</a>, <a
href="#operation-enumeration">9.1.3.2.27</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Operation Policy Name</td>
<td><a href="#operation-policy-name">3.18</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>P</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password</td>
<td><a href="#credential">2.1.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Padding Method</td>
<td><a href="#cryptographic-parameters">3.6</a>, <a
href="#padding-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.15</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prime Exponent P</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prime Exponent Q</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prime Field Size</td>
<td><a href="#split-key">2.2.5</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Exponent</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key</td>
<td><a href="#private-key">2.2.4</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key Template-Attribute</td>
<td><a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Private Key Unique Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#create-key-pair">4.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Process Start Date</td>
<td><a href="#process-start-date">3.25</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protect Stop Date</td>
<td><a href="#protect-stop-date">3.26</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version</td>
<td><a href="#protocol-version">6.1</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version Major</td>
<td><a href="#protocol-version">6.1</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Protocol Version Minor</td>
<td><a href="#protocol-version">6.1</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Exponent</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key</td>
<td><a href="#public-key">2.2.3</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key Template-Attribute</td>
<td><a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Public Key Unique Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#create-key-pair">4.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Put Function</td>
<td><a href="#put">5.2</a>, <a
href="#put-function-enumeration">9.1.3.2.26</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Q</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Q String</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Qlength</td>
<td><a href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters">3.7</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Query Function</td>
<td><a href="#query">4.25</a>, <a
href="#query-function-enumeration">9.1.3.2.24</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Recommended Curve</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a>, <a
href="#cryptographic-domain-parameters">3.7</a>, <a
href="#recommended-curve-enumeration">9.1.3.2.5</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Replaced Unique Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#put">5.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Request Header</td>
<td><a href="#operations">7.2</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Request Message</td>
<td><a href="#message-structure">7.1</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Request Payload</td>
<td><a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a>, <a
href="#server-to-client-operations">5</a>, <a
href="#operations">7.2</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Response Header</td>
<td><a href="#operations">7.2</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Response Message</td>
<td><a href="#message-structure">7.1</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Response Payload</td>
<td><a href="#client-to-server-operations">4</a>, <a
href="#operations">7.2</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Result Message</td>
<td><a href="#result-message">6.11</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Result Reason</td>
<td><a href="#result-reason">6.10</a>, <a
href="#result-reason-enumeration">9.1.3.2.29</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Result Status</td>
<td><a href="#result-status">6.9</a>, <a
href="#result-status-enumeration">9.1.3.2.28</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Message</td>
<td><a href="#revocation-reason">3.31</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason</td>
<td><a href="#revocation-reason">3.31</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revocation Reason Code</td>
<td><a href="#revocation-reason">3.31</a>, <a
href="#revocation-reason-code-enumeration">9.1.3.2.19</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Salt</td>
<td><a href="#derive-key">4.6</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Secret Data</td>
<td><a href="#secret-data">2.2.7</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Secret Data Type</td>
<td><a href="#secret-data">2.2.7</a>, <a
href="#secret-data-type-enumeration">9.1.3.2.9</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Serial Number</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-identifier">3.13</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td>deprecated as of version 1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Server Information</td>
<td><a href="#query">4.25</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td>contents vendor-specific</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key</td>
<td><a href="#split-key">2.2.5</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Method</td>
<td><a href="#split-key">2.2.5</a>, <a
href="#split-key-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.8</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Parts</td>
<td><a href="#split-key">2.2.5</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Split Key Threshold</td>
<td><a href="#split-key">2.2.5</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>State</td>
<td><a href="#state">3.22</a>, <a
href="#state-enumeration">9.1.3.2.18</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Storage Status Mask</td>
<td><a href="#locate">4.9</a>, <a
href="#storage-status-mask">9.1.3.3.2</a></td>
<td>Integer</td>
<td>Bit mask</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subject Alternative Name</td>
<td><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject">3.11</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subject Distinguished Name</td>
<td><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject">3.11</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Symmetric Key</td>
<td><a href="#symmetric-key">2.2.2</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template</td>
<td><a href="#template">2.2.6</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Template-Attribute</td>
<td><a href="#template-attribute-structures">2.1.8</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Time Stamp</td>
<td><a href="#time-stamp">6.5</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Transparent*</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#unique-identifier">3.1</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unique Batch Item ID</td>
<td><a href="#unique-batch-item-id">6.4</a></td>
<td>Byte String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Username</td>
<td><a href="#credential">2.1.2</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits</td>
<td><a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits Count</td>
<td><a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a></td>
<td>Long Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits Total</td>
<td><a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a></td>
<td>Long Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Usage Limits Unit</td>
<td><a href="#usage-limits">3.21</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validity Date</td>
<td><a href="#validate">4.24</a></td>
<td>Date-Time</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validity Indicator</td>
<td><a href="#validate">4.24</a>, <a
href="#validity-indicator-enumeration">9.1.3.2.23</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vendor Extension</td>
<td><a href="#message-extension">6.16</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td>contents vendor-specific</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vendor Identification</td>
<td><a href="#query">4.25</a>, <a
href="#message-extension">6.16</a></td>
<td>Text String</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Wrapping Method</td>
<td><a href="#key-wrapping-data">2.1.5</a>, <a
href="#wrapping-method-enumeration">9.1.3.2.4</a></td>
<td>Enumeration</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 Certificate Identifier</td>
<td><a href="#certificate-length">3.9</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 Certificate Issuer</td>
<td><a href="#x.509-certificate-issuer">3.12</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509 Certificate Subject</td>
<td><a href="#x.509-certificate-subject">3.11</a></td>
<td>Structure</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Y</td>
<td><a href="#transparent-key-structures">2.1.7</a></td>
<td>Big Integer</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 class="AppendixHeading1"
id="operations-and-object-cross-reference">Operations and Object
Cross-Reference</h1>
<p>The following table indicates the types of Managed Object(s) that
each Operation accepts as input or provides as output. This table is not
normative.</p>
<table>
<caption><p>: Operation and Object Cross-reference</p></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 18%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 15%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2"><strong>Operation</strong></th>
<th colspan="9"><strong>Managed Objects</strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Certificate</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Symmetric Key</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Public Key</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Private Key</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Split Key</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Template</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Secret Data</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>Opaque Object</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p><strong>PGP Key</strong></p>
</blockquote></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Create</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Create Key Pair</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Register</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Re-key</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Re-key Key Pair</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Derive Key</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Certify</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Re-certify</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Locate</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Check</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Get</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Get Attributes</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Get Attribute List</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Add Attribute</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modify Attribute</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Delete Attribute</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Obtain Lease</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Get Usage Allocation</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Activate</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Revoke</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Destroy</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Archive</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Recover</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Validate</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Query</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cancel</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Poll</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Notify</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Put</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
<td>Y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Discover Versions</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 class="AppendixHeading1" id="acronyms">Acronyms</h1>
<p>The following abbreviations and acronyms are used in this
document:</p>
<table style="width:100%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 12%" />
<col style="width: 87%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><strong>Item</strong></th>
<th><strong>Description</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>3DES</td>
<td>Triple Data Encryption Standard specified in ANSI X9.52</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AES</td>
<td>Advanced Encryption Standard specified in <a
href="#FIPS197"><strong>[FIPS197]</strong></a>FIPS 197</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ASN.1</td>
<td>Abstract Syntax Notation One specified in ITU-T X.680</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>BDK</td>
<td>Base Derivation Key specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CA</td>
<td>Certification Authority</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CBC</td>
<td>Cipher Block Chaining</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCM</td>
<td>Counter with CBC-MAC specified in <a
href="#SP800_38C"><strong>[SP800-38C]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CFB</td>
<td>Cipher Feedback specified in <a
href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CMAC</td>
<td>Cipher-based MAC specified in <a
href="#SP800_38B"><strong>[SP800-38B]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CMC</td>
<td>Certificate Management Messages over CMS specified in <a
href="#RFC5272"><strong>[RFC5272]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CMP</td>
<td>Certificate Management Protocol specified in <a
href="#RFC4210"><strong>[RFC4210]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CPU</td>
<td>Central Processing Unit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CRL</td>
<td>Certificate Revocation List specified in <a
href="#RFC5280"><strong>[RFC5280]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CRMF</td>
<td>Certificate Request Message Format specified in <a
href="#RFC4211"><strong>[RFC4211]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CRT</td>
<td>Chinese Remainder Theorem</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CTR</td>
<td>Counter specified in <a
href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CVK</td>
<td>Card Verification Key specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DEK</td>
<td>Data Encryption Key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DER</td>
<td>Distinguished Encoding Rules specified in ITU-T X.690</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DES</td>
<td>Data Encryption Standard specified in FIPS 46-3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DH</td>
<td>Diffie-Hellman specified in ANSI X9.42</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DNS</td>
<td>Domain Name Server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DSA</td>
<td>Digital Signature Algorithm specified in FIPS 186-3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DSKPP</td>
<td>Dynamic Symmetric Key Provisioning Protocol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ECB</td>
<td>Electronic Code Book</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ECDH</td>
<td>Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman specified in <strong><a
href="#X9_63">[X9.63]</a><a
href="#SP800_56A">[SP800-56A]</a></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ECDSA</td>
<td>Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm specified in <a
href="#X9_62"><strong>[X9.62]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ECMQV</td>
<td>Elliptic Curve Menezes Qu Vanstone specified in <strong><a
href="#X9_63">[X9.63]</a><a
href="#SP800_56A">[SP800-56A]</a></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FFC</td>
<td>Finite Field Cryptography</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FIPS</td>
<td>Federal Information Processing Standard</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>GCM</td>
<td>Galois/Counter Mode specified in <a
href="#SP800_38D"><strong>[SP800-38D]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>GF</td>
<td>Galois field (or finite field)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HMAC</td>
<td>Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code specified in <strong><a
href="#FIPS198_1">[FIPS198-1]</a><a
href="#RFC2104">[RFC2104]</a></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HTTP</td>
<td>Hyper Text Transfer Protocol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HTTP(S)</td>
<td>Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (Secure socket)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IEEE</td>
<td>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IETF</td>
<td>Internet Engineering Task Force</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IP</td>
<td>Internet Protocol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IPsec</td>
<td>Internet Protocol Security</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IV</td>
<td>Initialization Vector</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>KEK</td>
<td>Key Encryption Key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>KMIP</td>
<td>Key Management Interoperability Protocol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAC</td>
<td>Message Authentication Code</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKAC</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Application Cryptograms specified in ANSI
X9 TR-31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKCP</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Card Personalization specified in ANSI X9
TR-31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKDAC</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Data Authentication Code specified in ANSI
X9 TR-31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKDN</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Dynamic Numbers specified in ANSI X9
TR-31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKOTH</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Other specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKSMC</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Confidentiality
specified in X9 TR-31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MKSMI</td>
<td>EMV/chip card Master Key: Secure Messaging for Integrity specified
in ANSI X9 TR-31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MD2</td>
<td>Message Digest 2 Algorithm specified in
<strong>[RFC1319]</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MD4</td>
<td>Message Digest 4 Algorithm specified in <a
href="#RFC1320"><strong>[RFC1320]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MD5</td>
<td>Message Digest 5 Algorithm specified in <a
href="#RFC1321"><strong>[RFC1321]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NIST</td>
<td>National Institute of Standards and Technology</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OAEP</td>
<td>Optimal Asymmetric Encryption Padding specified in <a
href="#PKCS1"><strong>[PKCS#1]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OFB</td>
<td>Output Feedback specified in <a
href="#SP800_38A"><strong>[SP800-38A]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PBKDF2</td>
<td>Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2 specified in <a
href="#RFC2898"><strong>[RFC2898]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PCBC</td>
<td>Propagating Cipher Block Chaining</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PEM</td>
<td>Privacy Enhanced Mail specified in <a
href="#RFC1421"><strong>[RFC1421]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PGP</td>
<td>OpenPGP specified in <a
href="#RFC4880"><strong>[RFC4880]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PKCS</td>
<td>Public-Key Cryptography Standards</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PKCS#1</td>
<td>RSA Cryptography Specification Version 2.1 specified in <a
href="#RFC3447"><strong>[RFC3447]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PKCS#5</td>
<td>Password-Based Cryptography Specification Version 2 specified in <a
href="#RFC2898"><strong>[RFC2898]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PKCS#8</td>
<td>Private-Key Information Syntax Specification Version 1.2 specified
in <strong>[RFC5208]</strong> <strong>[RFC5958]</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PKCS#10</td>
<td>Certification Request Syntax Specification Version 1.7 specified in
<a href="#RFC2986"><strong>[RFC2986]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PKCS#11</td>
<td>Cryptographic Token Interface Standard</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PKCS#12</td>
<td>Personal Information Exchange Syntax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>POSIX</td>
<td>Portable Operating System Interface</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RFC</td>
<td>Request for Comments documents of IETF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RSA</td>
<td>Rivest, Shamir, Adelman (an algorithm)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RNG</td>
<td>Random Number Generator</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SCEP</td>
<td>Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SCVP</td>
<td>Server-based Certificate Validation Protocol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SHA</td>
<td>Secure Hash Algorithm specified in FIPS 180-2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SP</td>
<td>Special Publication</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SSL/TLS</td>
<td>Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>S/MIME</td>
<td>Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TDEA</td>
<td>see 3DES</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TCP</td>
<td>Transport Control Protocol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TTLV</td>
<td>Tag, Type, Length, Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>URI</td>
<td>Uniform Resource Identifier</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>UTC</td>
<td>Coordinated Universal Time</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>UTF-8</td>
<td>Universal Transformation Format 8-bit specified in <a
href="#RFC3629"><strong>[RFC3629]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>XKMS</td>
<td>XML Key Management Specification</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>XML</td>
<td>Extensible Markup Language</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>XTS</td>
<td>XEX Tweakable Block Cipher with Ciphertext Stealing specified in <a
href="#SP800_38E"><strong>[SP800-38E]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X.509</td>
<td>Public Key Certificate specified in <a
href="#RFC5280"><strong>[RFC5280]</strong></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ZPK</td>
<td>PIN Block Encryption Key specified in ANSI X9 TR-31</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 class="AppendixHeading1" id="list-of-figures-and-tables">List of
Figures and Tables</h1>
<p><a href="#state">Figure 1: Cryptographic Object States and
Transitions</a> <a href="#_Ref477422837">63</a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128619">Table 1: Terminology <span>14</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128620">Table 2: Attribute Object Structure
<span>19</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128621">Table 3: Credential Object Structure
<span>20</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128622">Table 4: Credential Value Structure for the
Username and Password Credential <span>20</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128623">Table 5: Credential Value Structure for the
Device Credential <span>20</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128624">Table 6: Credential Value Structure for the
Attestation Credential <span>21</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128625">Table 7: Key Block Object Structure
<span>22</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128626">Table 8: Key Value Object Structure
<span>23</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128627">Table 9: Key Wrapping Data Object Structure
<span>24</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128628">Table 10: Encryption Key Information Object
Structure <span>24</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128629">Table 11: MAC/Signature Key Information
Object Structure <span>25</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128630">Table 12: Key Wrapping Specification Object
Structure <span>26</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128631">Table 13: Parameter mapping.
<span>27</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128632">Table 14: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent Symmetric Keys <span>27</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128633">Table 15: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent DSA Private Keys <span>28</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128634">Table 16: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent DSA Public Keys <span>28</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128635">Table 17: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent RSA Private Keys <span>28</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128636">Table 18: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent RSA Public Keys <span>29</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128637">Table 19: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent DH Private Keys <span>29</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128638">Table 20: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent DH Public Keys <span>29</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128639">Table 21: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent ECDSA Private Keys <span>30</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128640">Table 22: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent ECDSA Public Keys <span>30</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128641">Table 23: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent ECDH Private Keys <span>30</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128642">Table 24: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent ECDH Public Keys <span>31</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128643">Table 25: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent ECMQV Private Keys <span>31</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128644">Table 26: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent ECMQV Public Keys <span>31</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128645">Table 27: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent EC Private Keys <span>31</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128646">Table 28: Key Material Object Structure for
Transparent EC Public Keys <span>32</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128647">Table 29: Template-Attribute Object
Structure <span>32</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128648">Table 30: Extension Information Structure
<span>32</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128649">Table 31: Data Structure
<span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128650">Table 32: Data Length Structure
<span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128651">Table 33: Signature Data Structure
<span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128652">Table 34: MAC Data Structure
<span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128653">Table 35: Nonce Structure
<span>33</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128654">Table 36: Correlation Value Structure
<span>34</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128655">Table 37: Init Indicator Structure
<span>34</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128656">Table 38: Final Indicator Structure
<span>34</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128657">Table 39: RNG Parameters Structure
<span>35</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128658">Table 40: Profile Information Structure
<span>35</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128659">Table 41: Validation Information Structure
<span>36</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128660">Table 42: Capability Information Structure
<span>37</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128661">Table 43 Authenticated Encryption Additional
Data <span>37</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128662">Table 44 Authenticated Encryption Tag
<span>37</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128663">Table 45: Certificate Object Structure
<span>38</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128664">Table 46: Symmetric Key Object Structure
<span>38</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128665">Table 47: Public Key Object Structure
<span>38</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128666">Table 48: Private Key Object Structure
<span>38</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128667">Table 49: Split Key Object Structure
<span>39</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128668">Table 50: Template Object Structure
<span>40</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128669">Table 51: Secret Data Object Structure
<span>40</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128670">Table 52: Opaque Object Structure
<span>40</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128671">Table 53: PGP Key Object Structure
<span>41</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128672">Table 54: Attribute Rules
<span>43</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128673">Table 55: Unique Identifier Attribute
<span>43</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128674">Table 56: Unique Identifier Attribute Rules
<span>44</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128675">Table 57: Name Attribute Structure
<span>44</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128676">Table 58: Name Attribute Rules
<span>44</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128677">Table 59: Object Type Attribute
<span>45</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128678">Table 60: Object Type Attribute Rules
<span>45</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128679">Table 61: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute
<span>45</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128680">Table 62: Cryptographic Algorithm Attribute
Rules <span>45</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128681">Table 63: Cryptographic Length Attribute
<span>46</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128682">Table 64: Cryptographic Length Attribute
Rules <span>46</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128683">Table 65: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute
Structure <span>47</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128684">Table 66: Cryptographic Parameters Attribute
Rules <span>48</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128685">Table 67: Key Role Types
<span>48</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128686">Table 68: Cryptographic Domain Parameters
Attribute Structure <span>49</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128687">Table 69: Cryptographic Domain Parameters
Attribute Rules <span>49</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128688">Table 70: Certificate Type Attribute
<span>49</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128689">Table 71: Certificate Type Attribute Rules
<span>50</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128690">Table 72: Certificate Length Attribute
<span>50</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128691">Table 73: Certificate Length Attribute Rules
<span>50</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Ref310842826">Table 74: X.509 Certificate Identifier
Attribute Structure <span>50</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128693">Table 75: X.509 Certificate Identifier
Attribute Rules <span>51</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128694">Table 76: X.509 Certificate Subject
Attribute Structure <span>51</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128695">Table 77: X.509 Certificate Subject
Attribute Rules <span>51</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128696">Table 78: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute
Structure <span>52</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128697">Table 79: X.509 Certificate Issuer Attribute
Rules <span>52</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Ref236469466">Table 80: Certificate Identifier Attribute
Structure <span>52</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128699">Table 81: Certificate Identifier Attribute
Rules <span>53</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128700">Table 82: Certificate Subject Attribute
Structure <span>53</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128701">Table 83: Certificate Subject Attribute
Rules <span>53</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128702">Table 84: Certificate Issuer Attribute
Structure <span>54</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128703">Table 85: Certificate Issuer Attribute Rules
<span>54</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc310932770">Table 86: Digital Signature Algorithm
Attribute <span>54</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128705">Table 87: Digital Signature Algorithm
Attribute Rules <span>55</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128706">Table 88: Digest Attribute Structure
<span>55</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128707">Table 89: Digest Attribute Rules
<span>56</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128708">Table 90: Operation Policy Name Attribute
<span>56</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128709">Table 91: Operation Policy Name Attribute
Rules <span>57</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128710">Table 92: Default Operation Policy for
Secret Objects <span>58</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128711">Table 93: Default Operation Policy for
Certificates and Public Key Objects <span>59</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128712">Table 94: Default Operation Policy for
Private Template Objects <span>59</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128713">Table 95: Default Operation Policy for
Public Template Objects <span>60</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128714">Table 96: X.509 Key Usage to Cryptographic
Usage Mask Mapping <span>61</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc236497740">Table 97: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute
<span>61</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128716">Table 98: Cryptographic Usage Mask Attribute
Rules <span>61</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128717">Table 99: Lease Time Attribute
<span>62</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128718">Table 100: Lease Time Attribute Rules
<span>62</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc236497744">Table 101: Usage Limits Attribute Structure
<span>62</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128720">Table 102: Usage Limits Attribute Rules
<span>63</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128721">Table 103: State Attribute
<span>64</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128722">Table 104: State Attribute Rules
<span>65</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128723">Table 105: Initial Date Attribute
<span>65</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128724">Table 106: Initial Date Attribute Rules
<span>65</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128725">Table 107: Activation Date Attribute
<span>66</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128726">Table 108: Activation Date Attribute Rules
<span>66</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128727">Table 109: Process Start Date Attribute
<span>66</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128728">Table 110: Process Start Date Attribute
Rules <span>67</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128729">Table 111: Protect Stop Date Attribute
<span>67</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128730">Table 112: Protect Stop Date Attribute Rules
<span>67</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128731">Table 113: Deactivation Date Attribute
<span>68</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128732">Table 114: Deactivation Date Attribute Rules
<span>68</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128733">Table 115: Destroy Date Attribute
<span>68</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128734">Table 116: Destroy Date Attribute Rules
<span>69</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc236497760">Table 117: Compromise Occurrence Date
Attribute <span>69</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128736">Table 118: Compromise Occurrence Date
Attribute Rules <span>69</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128737">Table 119: Compromise Date Attribute
<span>69</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128738">Table 120: Compromise Date Attribute Rules
<span>70</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128739">Table 121: Revocation Reason Attribute
Structure <span>70</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128740">Table 122: Revocation Reason Attribute Rules
<span>70</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128741">Table 123: Archive Date Attribute
<span>70</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128742">Table 124: Archive Date Attribute Rules
<span>71</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128743">Table 125: Object Group Attribute
<span>71</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128744">Table 126: Object Group Attribute Rules
<span>71</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128745">Table 127: Fresh Attribute
<span>71</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128746">Table 128: Fresh Attribute Rules
<span>72</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128747">Table 129: Link Attribute Structure
<span>73</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128748">Table 130: Link Attribute Structure Rules
<span>73</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128749">Table 131: Application Specific Information
Attribute <span>73</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128750">Table 132: Application Specific Information
Attribute Rules <span>74</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128751">Table 133: Contact Information Attribute
<span>74</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128752">Table 134: Contact Information Attribute
Rules <span>74</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128753">Table 135: Last Change Date Attribute
<span>74</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128754">Table 136: Last Change Date Attribute Rules
<span>75</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128755">Table 137 Custom Attribute
<span>75</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128756">Table 138: Custom Attribute Rules
<span>75</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128757">Table 139: Alternative Name Attribute
Structure <span>76</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128758">Table 140: Alternative Name Attribute Rules
<span>76</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128759">Table 141: Key Value Present Attribute
<span>76</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128760">Table 142: Key Value Present Attribute Rules
<span>77</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128761">Table 143: Key Value Location Attribute
<span>77</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128762">Table 144: Key Value Location Attribute
Rules <span>77</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128763">Table 145: Original Creation Date Attribute
<span>78</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128764">Table 146: Original Creation Date Attribute
Rules <span>78</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128765">Table 147: Random Number Generator Attribute
<span>78</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128766">Table 148: Random Number Generator Attribute
Rules <span>79</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128767">Table 149: PKCS#12 Friendly Name Attribute
<span>79</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128768">Table 150: Friendly Name Attribute Rules
<span>79</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128769">Table 151: Description Attribute
<span>80</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128770">Table 152: Description Attribute Rules
<span>80</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128771">Table 153: Comment Attribute
<span>80</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128772">Table 154: Comment Rules
<span>80</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128773">Table 155: Sensitive Attribute
<span>80</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128774">Table 156: Sensitive Attribute Rules
<span>81</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128775">Table 157: Always Sensitive Attribute
<span>81</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128776">Table 158: Always Sensitive Attribute Rules
<span>81</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128777">Table 159: Extractable Attribute
<span>81</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128778">Table 160: Extractable Attribute Rules
<span>82</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128779">Table 161: Never Extractable Attribute
<span>82</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128780">Table 162: Never Extractable Attribute Rules
<span>82</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128781">Table 163: Create Request Payload
<span>84</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128782">Table 164: Create Response Payload
<span>85</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128783">Table 165: Create Attribute Requirements
<span>85</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128784">Table 166: Create Key Pair Request Payload
<span>86</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128785">Table 167: Create Key Pair Response Payload
<span>87</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128786">Table 168: Create Key Pair Attribute
Requirements <span>88</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128787">Table 169: Register Request Payload
<span>89</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128788">Table 170: Register Response Payload
<span>89</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128789">Table 171: Register Attribute Requirements
<span>90</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128790">Table 172: Computing New Dates from Offset
during Re-key <span>91</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128791">Table 173: Re-key Attribute Requirements
<span>91</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128792">Table 174: Re-key Request Payload
<span>92</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128793">Table 175: Re-key Response Payload
<span>92</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128794">Table 176: Computing New Dates from Offset
during Re-key Key Pair <span>93</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128795">Table 177: Re-key Key Pair Attribute
Requirements <span>94</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128796">Table 178: Re-key Key Pair Request Payload
<span>95</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128797">Table 179: Re-key Key Pair Response Payload
<span>96</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128798">Table 180: Derive Key Request Payload
<span>97</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128799">Table 181: Derive Key Response Payload
<span>98</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128800">Table 182: Derivation Parameters Structure
(Except PBKDF2) <span>98</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128801">Table 183: PBKDF2 Derivation Parameters
Structure <span>99</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128802">Table 184: Certify Request Payload
<span>100</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128803">Table 185: Certify Response Payload
<span>100</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128804">Table 186: Computing New Dates from Offset
during Re-certify <span>101</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128805">Table 187: Re-certify Attribute Requirements
<span>101</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128806">Table 188: Re-certify Request Payload
<span>102</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128807">Table 189: Re-certify Response Payload
<span>102</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128808">Table 190: Locate Request Payload
<span>104</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128809">Table 191: Locate Response Payload
<span>104</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128810">Table 192: Check Request Payload
<span>105</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128811">Table 193: Check Response Payload
<span>106</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128812">Table 194: Get Request Payload
<span>107</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128813">Table 195: Get Response Payload
<span>107</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128814">Table 196: Get Attributes Request Payload
<span>107</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128815">Table 197: Get Attributes Response Payload
<span>108</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128816">Table 198: Get Attribute List Request
Payload <span>108</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128817">Table 199: Get Attribute List Response
Payload <span>108</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128818">Table 200: Add Attribute Request Payload
<span>108</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128819">Table 201: Add Attribute Response Payload
<span>109</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128820">Table 202: Modify Attribute Request Payload
<span>109</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128821">Table 203: Modify Attribute Response Payload
<span>109</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128822">Table 204: Delete Attribute Request Payload
<span>110</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128823">Table 205: Delete Attribute Response Payload
<span>110</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128824">Table 206: Obtain Lease Request Payload
<span>110</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128825">Table 207: Obtain Lease Response Payload
<span>111</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128826">Table 208: Get Usage Allocation Request
Payload <span>111</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128827">Table 209: Get Usage Allocation Response
Payload <span>111</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128828">Table 210: Activate Request Payload
<span>112</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128829">Table 211: Activate Response Payload
<span>112</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128830">Table 212: Revoke Request Payload
<span>112</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128831">Table 213: Revoke Response Payload
<span>113</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128832">Table 214: Destroy Request Payload
<span>113</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128833">Table 215: Destroy Response Payload
<span>113</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128834">Table 216: Archive Request Payload
<span>113</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128835">Table 217: Archive Response Payload
<span>114</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128836">Table 218: Recover Request Payload
<span>114</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128837">Table 219: Recover Response Payload
<span>114</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128838">Table 220: Validate Request Payload
<span>115</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128839">Table 221: Validate Response Payload
<span>115</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128840">Table 222: Query Request Payload
<span>116</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128841">Table 223: Query Response Payload
<span>117</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128842">Table 224: Discover Versions Request Payload
<span>118</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128843">Table 225: Discover Versions Response
Payload <span>118</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128844">Table 226: Cancel Request Payload
<span>118</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128845">Table 227: Cancel Response Payload
<span>118</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128846">Table 228: Poll Request Payload
<span>119</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128847">Table 229: Encrypt Request Payload
<span>120</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128848">Table 230: Encrypt Response Payload
<span>121</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128849">Table 231: Decrypt Request Payload
<span>122</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128850">Table 232: Decrypt Response Payload
<span>123</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128851">Table 233: Sign Request Payload
<span>124</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128852">Table 234: Sign Response Payload
<span>125</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128853">Table 235: Signature Verify Request Payload
<span>126</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128854">Table 236: Signature Verify Response Payload
<span>127</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128855">Table 237: MAC Request Payload
<span>128</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128856">Table 238: MAC Response Payload
<span>128</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128857">Table 239: MAC Verify Request Payload
<span>129</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128858">Table 240: MAC Verify Response Payload
<span>130</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128859">Table 241: RNG Retrieve Request Payload
<span>130</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128860">Table 242: RNG Retrieve Response Payload
<span>130</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128861">Table 243: RNG Seed Request Payload
<span>131</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128862">Table 244: RNG Seed Response Payload
<span>131</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128863">Table 245: Hash Request Payload
<span>131</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128864">Table 246: Hash Response Payload
<span>132</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128865">Table 247: Create Split Key Request Payload
<span>132</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128866">Table 248: Create Split Key Response Payload
<span>133</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128867">Table 249: Join Split Key Request Payload
<span>133</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128868">Table 250: Join Split Key Response Payload
<span>133</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128869">Table 251: Export Request Payload
<span>134</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128870">Table 252: Export Response Payload
<span>134</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128871">Table 253: Export Request Payload
<span>135</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128872">Table 254: Export Response Payload
<span>135</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128873">Table 255: Notify Message Payload
<span>136</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128874">Table 256: Put Message Payload
<span>137</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128875">Table 257: Query Request Payload
<span>138</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128876">Table 258: Query Response Payload
<span>139</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128877">Table 259: Discover Versions Request Payload
<span>140</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128878">Table 260: Discover Versions Response
Payload <span>140</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128879">Table 261: Protocol Version Structure in
Message Header <span>141</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128880">Table 262: Operation in Batch Item
<span>141</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128881">Table 263: Maximum Response Size in Message
Request Header <span>141</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128882">Table 264: Unique Batch Item ID in Batch
Item <span>142</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128883">Table 265: Time Stamp in Message Header
<span>142</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128884">Table 266: Authentication Structure in
Message Header <span>142</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128885">Table 267: Asynchronous Indicator in Message
Request Header <span>142</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128886">Table 268: Asynchronous Correlation Value in
Response Batch Item <span>143</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128887">Table 269: Result Status in Response Batch
Item <span>143</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128888">Table 270: Result Reason in Response Batch
Item <span>144</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128889">Table 271: Result Message in Response Batch
Item <span>144</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128890">Table 272: Batch Order Option in Message
Request Header <span>144</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128891">Table 273: Batch Error Continuation Option
in Message Request Header <span>145</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128892">Table 274: Batch Count in Message Header
<span>145</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128893">Table 275: Batch Item in Message
<span>145</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128894">Table 276: Message Extension Structure in
Batch Item <span>145</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128895">Table 277: Attestation Capable Indicator in
Message Request Header <span>146</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128896">Table 278: Client Correlation Value in
Message Request Header <span>146</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128897">Table 279: Server Correlation Value in
Message Request Header <span>146</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128898">Table 280: Request Message Structure
<span>147</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128899">Table 281: Response Message Structure
<span>147</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128900">Table 282: Request Header Structure
<span>148</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128901">Table 283: Request Batch Item Structure
<span>148</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128902">Table 284: Response Header Structure
<span>149</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128903">Table 285: Response Batch Item Structure
<span>149</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128904">Table 286: Allowed Item Type Values
<span>151</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128905">Table 287: Allowed Item Length Values
<span>152</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128906">Table 288: Tag Values
<span>162</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128907">Table 289: Credential Type Enumeration
<span>163</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128908">Table 290: Key Compression Type Enumeration
<span>163</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128909">Table 291: Key Format Type Enumeration
<span>164</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128910">Table 292: Wrapping Method Enumeration
<span>164</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128911">Table 293: Recommended Curve Enumeration for
ECDSA, ECDH, and ECMQV <span>166</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128912">Table 294: Certificate Type Enumeration
<span>167</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128913">Table 295: Digital Signature Algorithm
Enumeration <span>167</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128914">Table 296: Split Key Method Enumeration
<span>168</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128915">Table 297: Secret Data Type Enumeration
<span>168</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128916">Table 298: Opaque Data Type Enumeration
<span>168</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128917">Table 299: Name Type Enumeration
<span>168</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128918">Table 300: Object Type Enumeration
<span>169</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128919">Table 301: Cryptographic Algorithm
Enumeration <span>171</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128920">Table 302: Block Cipher Mode Enumeration
<span>171</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128921">Table 303: Padding Method Enumeration
<span>172</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128922">Table 304: Hashing Algorithm Enumeration
<span>172</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128923">Table 305: Key Role Type Enumeration
<span>173</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128924">Table 306: State Enumeration
<span>174</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128925">Table 307: Revocation Reason Code
Enumeration <span>174</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128926">Table 308: Link Type Enumeration
<span>175</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128927">Table 309: Derivation Method Enumeration
<span>175</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128928">Table 310: Certificate Request Type
Enumeration <span>175</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128929">Table 311: Validity Indicator Enumeration
<span>176</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128930">Table 312: Query Function Enumeration
<span>176</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128931">Table 313: Cancellation Result Enumeration
<span>176</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128932">Table 314: Put Function Enumeration
<span>177</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128933">Table 315: Operation Enumeration
<span>179</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128934">Table 316: Result Status Enumeration
<span>179</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128935">Table 317: Result Reason Enumeration
<span>180</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128936">Table 318: Batch Error Continuation Option
Enumeration <span>181</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc310932946">Table 319: Usage Limits Unit Enumeration
<span>181</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128938">Table 320: Encoding Option Enumeration
<span>181</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128939">Table 321: Object Group Member Enumeration
<span>181</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128940">Table 322: Alternative Name Type Enumeration
<span>182</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128941">Table 323: Key Value Location Type
Enumeration <span>182</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128942">Table 324: Attestation Type Enumeration
<span>182</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128943">Table 325: Cryptographic Usage Mask
<span>192</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128944">Table 326: Storage Status Mask
<span>192</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128945">Table 327: General Errors
<span>196</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128946">Table 328: Create Errors
<span>196</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128947">Table 329: Create Key Pair Errors
<span>197</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128948">Table 330: Register Errors
<span>198</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128949">Table 331: Re-key Errors
<span>199</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128950">Table 332: Re-key Key Pair Errors
<span>200</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128951">Table 333: Derive Key Errors-
<span>201</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128952">Table 334: Certify Errors
<span>202</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128953">Table 335: Re-certify Errors
<span>202</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128954">Table 336: Locate Errors
<span>203</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128955">Table 337: Check Errors
<span>203</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128956">Table 338: Get Errors
<span>204</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128957">Table 339: Get Attributes Errors
<span>205</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128958">Table 340: Get Attribute List Errors
<span>205</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128959">Table 341: Add Attribute Errors
<span>205</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128960">Table 342: Modify Attribute Errors
<span>206</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128961">Table 343: Delete Attribute Errors
<span>206</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128962">Table 344: Obtain Lease Errors
<span>206</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128963">Table 345: Get Usage Allocation Errors
<span>207</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128964">Table 346: Activate Errors
<span>207</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128965">Table 347: Revoke Errors
<span>207</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128966">Table 348: Destroy Errors
<span>208</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128967">Table 349: Archive Errors
<span>208</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128968">Table 350: Recover Errors
<span>208</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128969">Table 351: Validate Errors
<span>208</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128970">Table 352: Poll Errors
<span>209</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128971">Table 353: Encrypt Errors
<span>209</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128972">Table 354: Decrypt Errors
<span>209</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128973">Table 355: Sign Errors
<span>210</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128974">Table 356: Signature Verify Errors
<span>210</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128975">Table 357: MAC Errors
<span>211</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128976">Table 358: MAC Verify Errors
<span>211</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128977">Table 359: RNG Retrieve Errors
<span>211</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128978">Table 360: RNG Seed Errors
<span>211</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128979">Table 361: HASH Errors
<span>212</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128980">Table 362: Create Split Key Errors
<span>212</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128981">Table 363: Join Split Key Errors
<span>213</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128982">Table 364: Export Errors
<span>214</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128983">Table 365: Import Errors
<span>215</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128984">Table 366: Batch Items Errors
<span>216</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128985">Table 367: Attribute Cross-reference
<span>220</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128986">Table 368: Tag Cross-reference
<span>226</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#_Toc476128987">Table 369: Operation and Object
Cross-reference <span>228</span></a></p>
<h1 class="AppendixHeading1" id="revision-history"> Revision
History</h1>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 20%" />
<col style="width: 19%" />
<col style="width: 18%" />
<col style="width: 41%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><strong>Revision</strong></th>
<th><strong>Date</strong></th>
<th><strong>Editor</strong></th>
<th><strong>Changes Made</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>V1.4-cs01</td>
<td>18 June 2017</td>
<td>Tony Cox</td>
<td>Published Committee Specification</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>V1.4-cs01-r02</td>
<td>21 July 2017</td>
<td>Tony Cox</td>
<td><p>- Amended publication date</p>
<p>- Amended document name in footer</p>
<p>- Corrected incorrect x-refs in sections 4.1-4.8, 4.38 &amp; 4.39</p>
<p>- Updated Table of Contents</p>
<p>- Updated Revision History</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
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<p style="margin-left:18pt; margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:22pt">Migrating to Microsoft Excel 2010</p>
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<p style="margin-left:18pt"><em>The IT Professional’s Guide</em></p>
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<p>This <span style="color:#000000">document is provided “as-is”. Information and views expressed in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, may change without notice. You bear the risk of using it.</span></p>
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<p><span style="color:#000000">Some examples depicted herein are provided for illustration only and are fictitious.  No real association or connection is intended or should be inferred</span>.</p>
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<p><span style="color:#000000">This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any intellectual property in any Microsoft product. You may copy and use this document for your internal, reference purposes.</span></p>
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<p>© 2010 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.</p>
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<h1 id="executive-summary" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Executive Summary</h1>
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<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5"><span style="font-size:11pt">Microsoft</span><span style="font-size:6pt">®</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> Excel</span><span style="font-size:6pt">®</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> 2010 is a robust program that differs in both appearance and function from earlier versions. With the ECMA/ISO Office Open XML File Formats, Business Intelligence functionality, and enhanced visualization tools, the new Excel 2010 spreadsheet program provides a comprehensive set of tools that empowers users to create and format workbooks for analyzing and sharing information, leading to more informed decisions than ever before.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5"><span style="font-size:11pt">While these changes are designed to improve the performance and experience of the program, there will be times when users encounter compatibility issues while working with workbooks that are created in different versions of Excel. Microsoft has developed special features to maximize compatibility and minimize any disruption to the workflow. Even so, the scope of change is significant, and users will encounter functional differences during migration.</span></p>
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<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5"><span style="font-size:11pt">This paper has been developed to aid in the migration process. Here you will find descriptions of the primary functional differences and how those variances might affect workbooks. This paper also explains some of the more common issues that may arise during migration and offers solutions where applicable. A similar paper, “</span><a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx"><span style="color:#0000ff; font-size:11pt">Migrating to Office Excel 2007</span></a><span style="font-size:11pt">” was written for Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and provides useful background content related to this paper. Additional resources are provided in Chapter 6 to help diagnose any issues that are not described in this paper.</span></p>
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<h1 id="contents" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Contents</h1>
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<h1 id="contents-1" class="TOC-Heading" style="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.15">Contents</h1>
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<h2 id="executive-summary-ii" class="toc-1" style="margin-top:3pt; line-height:1"><span class="docx-field docx-field-toc docx-generated-field docx-generated-field-toc docx-field-hyperlink docx-field-outline-levels docx-field-hide-web-layout" data-docx-field="toc" data-docx-field-instruction="TOC \o &quot;1-3&quot; \h \z \u" data-docx-generated-field-type="table-of-contents" data-docx-field-hyperlink="true" data-docx-field-outline-levels="1-3" data-docx-field-hide-web-layout="true" data-docx-field-use-outline-levels="true" data-docx-field-target="#executive-summary"><a href="#executive-summary"><span style="color:#0000ff">Executive Summary</span> ii</a></span></h2>
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<h2 id="contents-iii" class="toc-1" style="margin-top:3pt; line-height:1"><a href="#contents"><span style="color:#0000ff">Contents</span> <span>iii</span></a></h2>
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<h2 id="chapter-1-what-to-know-before-migration-v" class="toc-1" style="margin-top:3pt; line-height:1"><a href="#chapter-1-what-to-know-before-migration"><span style="color:#0000ff">Chapter 1: What to Know Before Migration</span> <span>v</span></a></h2>
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<h3 id="excel-2007-2010-file-format-v" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#excel-2007-2010-file-format"><span style="color:#0000ff">Excel 2007-2010 File Format</span> <span>v</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="introducing-the-32-bit-and-64-bit-versions-of-microsoft-office-2010-v" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#introducing-the-32-bit-and-64-bit-versions-of-microsoft-office-2010"><span style="color:#0000ff">Introducing the 32-bit and 64-bit Versions of Microsoft Office 2010</span> <span>v</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="file-and-solutions-compatibility-vi" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#file-and-solutions-compatibility"><span style="color:#0000ff">File and Solutions Compatibility</span> <span>vi</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="deployment-considerations-vi" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#deployment-considerations"><span style="color:#0000ff">Deployment considerations</span> <span>vi</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="conclusion-vii" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#conclusion"><span style="color:#0000ff">Conclusion</span> <span>vii</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="excel-97-2003-file-format-xls-vii" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#excel-97-2003-file-format-xls"><span style="color:#0000ff">Excel 97-2003 File Format (XLS)</span> <span>vii</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="compatibility-tools-vii" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#compatibility-tools"><span style="color:#0000ff">Compatibility Tools</span> <span>vii</span></a></h3>
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<h2 id="chapter-2-opening-excel-97-2003-workbooks-in-excel-2010-viii" class="toc-1" style="margin-top:3pt; line-height:1"><a href="#chapter-2-opening-excel-97-2003-workbooks-in-excel-2010"><span style="color:#0000ff">Chapter 2: Opening Excel 97-2003 Workbooks in Excel 2010</span> <span>viii</span></a></h2>
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<h3 id="compatibility-tools-viii" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#compatibility-tools-1"><span style="color:#0000ff">Compatibility Tools</span> <span>viii</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="compatibility-mode-viii" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#compatibility-mode"><span style="color:#0000ff">Compatibility Mode</span> <span>viii</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="compatibility-checker-x" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#compatibility-checker"><span style="color:#0000ff">Compatibility Checker</span> <span>x</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="feature-removal-x" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#feature-removal"><span style="color:#0000ff">Feature Removal</span> <span>x</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="conditional-sum-and-lookup-wizard-add-ins-x" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#conditional-sum-and-lookup-wizard-add-ins"><span style="color:#0000ff">Conditional Sum and Lookup Wizard Add-ins</span> <span>x</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="additional-actions-smart-tags-xi" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#additional-actions-smart-tags"><span style="color:#0000ff">Additional Actions (Smart Tags)</span> <span>xi</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="document-workspaces-xi" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#document-workspaces"><span style="color:#0000ff">Document Workspaces</span> <span>xi</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="pattern-fills-interface-back-in-excel-2010-xi" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#pattern-fills-interface-back-in-excel-2010"><span style="color:#0000ff">Pattern Fills Interface: Back in Excel 2010</span> <span>xi</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="pivottable-views-xi" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#pivottable-views"><span style="color:#0000ff">PivotTable views</span> <span>xi</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="office-art-xii" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#office-art"><span style="color:#0000ff">Office Art</span> <span>xii</span></a></h3>
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<h2 id="chapter-3-opening-excel-2007-workbooks-in-excel-2010-xiii" class="toc-1" style="margin-top:3pt; line-height:1"><a href="#chapter-3-opening-excel-2007-workbooks-in-excel-2010"><span style="color:#0000ff">Chapter 3: Opening Excel 2007 Workbooks in Excel 2010</span> <span>xiii</span></a></h2>
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<h3 id="pivotchart-views-xiii" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#pivotchart-views"><span style="color:#0000ff">PivotChart views</span> <span>xiii</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="shapes-xiii" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#_Toc264643662"><span style="color:#0000ff">Shapes</span> <span>xiii</span></a></h3>
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<h2 id="chapter-4-opening-excel-2010-workbooks-in-earlier-versions-of-excel-xiv" class="toc-1" style="margin-top:3pt; line-height:1"><a href="#chapter-4-opening-excel-2010-workbooks-in-earlier-versions-of-excel"><span style="color:#0000ff">Chapter 4: Opening Excel 2010 Workbooks in Earlier Versions of Excel</span> <span>xiv</span></a></h2>
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<h3 id="excel-97-2003-file-format-xiv" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#excel-97-2003-file-format"><span style="color:#0000ff">Excel 97-2003 File Format</span> <span>xiv</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="conditional-formatting-xiv" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#conditional-formatting-1"><span style="color:#0000ff">Conditional Formatting</span> <span>xiv</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="cross-sheet-references-xv" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#cross-sheet-references"><span style="color:#0000ff">Cross-Sheet References</span> <span>xv</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="data-bars-xv" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#data-bars"><span style="color:#0000ff">Data Bars</span> <span>xv</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="icon-sets-xvi" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#icon-sets"><span style="color:#0000ff">Icon Sets</span> <span>xvi</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="sparklines-xvi" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#sparklines-1"><span style="color:#0000ff">Sparklines</span> <span>xvi</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="data-validation-xvi" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#data-validation"><span style="color:#0000ff">Data Validation</span> <span>xvi</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="formulas-and-functions-xvi" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#formulas-and-functions"><span style="color:#0000ff">Formulas and Functions</span> <span>xvi</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="new-icons-in-formula-autocomplete-xvii" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#new-icons-in-formula-autocomplete"><span style="color:#0000ff">New Icons in Formula AutoComplete</span> <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="new-limit-for-nonadjacent-cell-selection-xvii" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#new-limit-for-nonadjacent-cell-selection"><span style="color:#0000ff">New Limit for nonadjacent cell selection</span> <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
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<h3 id="filtering-xvii" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#filtering"><span style="color:#0000ff">Filtering</span> <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="pivottable-views-xvii" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#pivottable-views-1"><span style="color:#0000ff">PivotTable views</span> <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="named-sets-xviii" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#named-sets"><span style="color:#0000ff">Named Sets</span> <span>xviii</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="enhanced-show-as-xviii" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#enhanced-show-as"><span style="color:#0000ff">Enhanced show as</span> <span>xviii</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="repeating-labels-xix" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#repeating-labels"><span style="color:#0000ff">Repeating Labels</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="visual-totals-for-pivottable-and-sets-xix" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#visual-totals-for-pivottable-and-sets"><span style="color:#0000ff">Visual Totals for PivotTable and Sets</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="pivottable-what-if-analysis-writeback-xix" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#pivottable-what-if-analysis-writeback"><span style="color:#0000ff">PivotTable What-if Analysis (Writeback)</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="slicers-xix" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#slicers-1"><span style="color:#0000ff">Slicers</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="slicers-and-the-excel-97-2003-format-xix" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#slicers-and-the-excel-97-2003-format"><span style="color:#0000ff">Slicers and the Excel 97-2003 format</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="slicers-with-current-excel-workbook-formats-xix" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#slicers-with-current-excel-workbook-formats"><span style="color:#0000ff">Slicers with current Excel Workbook Formats</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="charting-xx" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#charting"><span style="color:#0000ff">Charting</span> <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="data-points-in-a-series-limits-removed-xx" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#data-points-in-a-series-limits-removed"><span style="color:#0000ff">Data Points in a Series Limits Removed</span> <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="pivotchart-settings-xx" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#pivotchart-settings"><span style="color:#0000ff">PivotChart Settings</span> <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="custom-data-parts-xx" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#custom-data-parts"><span style="color:#0000ff">Custom Data Parts</span> <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="saving-custom-data-parts-xxi" class="toc-3" style="margin-left:36pt"><a href="#saving-custom-data-parts"><span style="color:#0000ff">Saving Custom Data Parts</span> <span>xxi</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="alternative-text-properties-xxi" class="toc-2" style="margin-left:18pt; line-height:1"><a href="#alternative-text-properties"><span style="color:#0000ff">Alternative text properties</span> <span>xxi</span></a></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="chapter-5-additional-resources-xxi" class="toc-1" style="margin-top:3pt; line-height:1"><a href="#chapter-5-additional-resources"><span style="color:#0000ff">Chapter 5: Additional Resources</span> <span>xxi</span></a></h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="chapter-1-what-to-know-before-migration" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Chapter 1: What to Know Before Migration</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="excel-2007-2010-file-format" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Excel 2007-2010 File Format</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Microsoft Excel 2010 uses the same ISO/ECMA Office Open XML format that was introduced in Microsoft Office Word 2007, Microsoft Office PowerPoint<span style="font-size:6pt">®</span> 2007, and Office Excel 2007. Distinct from the binary-based file format that has been a mainstay of past versions of the Microsoft Office suites; the Open XML Formats are compact and robust file formats that enable better data integration between documents and back-end systems. The Office Open XML Format is an open standard developed by ECMA International and later adopted in collaboration with many technology vendors. The Office Open XML format has also been adopted as IS-29500 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The standard maximizes interoperability in a heterogeneous environment, enabling technology providers to integrate the files created in the Microsoft Office 2010 release into their solutions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">After the installation of Office 2010, users will still be able to open, edit, and save workbooks that were generated in the earlier binary file format. These workbooks can be converted to the Open XML Formats, which will enable better interoperability among applications from different vendors and make the Open XML Formats a better long-term solution. To convert a workbook from an earlier format to the Open XML Formats, use the <strong>Convert</strong> command: Click the <strong>File tab,</strong> and on the <strong>Info tab,</strong> click <strong>Convert</strong>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="caution-workbook-formula-links" class="MS2---Heading3" style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Caution: Workbook Formula Links</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Before your organization converts any existing workbooks to the Open XML Formats, users should take into account any existing links between workbooks. Because earlier versions of Excel cannot update links to workbooks saved in the Open XML Formats, all linked workbooks should be simultaneously converted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="introducing-the-32-bit-and-64-bit-versions-of-microsoft-office-2010" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Introducing the 32-bit and 64-bit Versions of Microsoft Office 2010</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Microsoft Office 2010 system is available in both 32-bit and 64-bit versions. The 64-bit version enables you to work with much larger sets of data. This need is especially true when working with large numbers in Excel 2010.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With the introduction of the new 64-bit version of Microsoft Office 2010, a new version of Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), known as Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications 7.0 (VBA 7), is being released to work with both 32-bit and 64-bit applications.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Note:</strong> In a default installation of Office 2010, the 32-bit version is installed, even on 64-bit systems. You must <em>explicitly</em> select the Office 2010 64-bit version installation option.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="file-and-solutions-compatibility" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">File and Solutions Compatibility</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="file-compatibility" style="line-height:16pt">File Compatibility</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Workbooks without embedded VBA are generally interchangeable between 32-bit and 64-bit. There’s no setting in the file marking it as a 64-bit workbook. Your average, every day, smaller-sized workbooks will be fine in both environments. However, with 64-bit Excel you will be able to create workbooks that are too big for 32-bit Excel to open (you’ll hit “out of memory” alerts before getting the file open completely). Note that even prior to having a 64-bit version of Excel, I can create a workbook using 32-bit Excel on a computer with more RAM that someone else might have serious performance issues opening using the same 32-bit Excel on a machine with less RAM . For example, performance issues could be encountered if the workbook was created on a computer with 2GB of RAM and opened on a computer with 1GB of RAM.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="running-solutions-on-64-bit-excel" style="line-height:16pt">Running Solutions on 64-Bit Excel</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You might need to review your VBA code and make updates in order for it to work correctly in 64-bit Excel. You may also need to have 64-bit versions of any Microsoft ActiveX<span style="font-size:6pt">©</span> controls, COM Add-ins, or XLLs if these are used in your solutions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="deployment-considerations" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Deployment considerations</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Before you deploy 64-bit editions of Office 2010, you must evaluate the advantages and disadvantages and determine whether it is an appropriate deployment option for your specific environment. The following sections highlight benefits and issues that might affect compatibility. You can find additional information in the TechNet topic <a href="file:///C:\Users\chucked\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary%20Internet%20Files\Content.Outlook\DMSHKJCA\64-bit%20editions%20of%20Office%202010"><span style="color:#0000ff">64-bit editions of Office 2010</span></a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A key consideration is that you cannot install native 64-bit Office 2010 on computers that have 32-bit Office applications and third-party add-ins installed. You must uninstall the 32-bit Office applications and add-ins before you can install 64-bit Office 2010. If you have 32-bit third-party Office applications and add-ins that are required for users, you can install the default option, which is 32-bit Office 2010 on computers that run supported 64-bit editions of Windows</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="advantages" style="line-height:16pt">Advantages</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Running Office 2010 64-bit provides the following advantages:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Ability to use additional memory, physical and virtual.</li><li>Excel 2010 can load much larger workbooks. Excel 2010 made updates to use 64-bit memory addressing in order to move beyond the 2-GB addressable memory boundary that limits 32-bit applications.</li><li>Enhanced default security protections through Hardware Data Execution Prevention (DEP).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="disadvantages" style="line-height:16pt">Disadvantages</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following issues might affect compatibility:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><strong>Visual Basic for Applications (VBA)</strong>   VBA code that uses the <strong>Declare</strong> statement to access the Windows application programming interface (API) or other DLL entry points will see differences between 32-bit and 64-bit versions. The <strong>Declare</strong> statement must be updated with the <strong>PtrSafe</strong> attribute after inputs and outputs to the API have been reviewed and updated. <strong>Declare</strong> statements will not work in 64-bit VBA without the <strong>PtrSafe</strong> attribute. New data types are added to 64-bit Office 2010 VBA: <strong>LongLong</strong> and <strong>LongPtr</strong>. For more information about VBA, see the “64-bit VBA Overview” and “Declare Statement” articles in the Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications online Help in Office applications.</li><li><strong>ActiveX controls and COM add-ins</strong>   ActiveX controls and add-in (COM) dynamic link libraries (DLLs) that were written for 32-bit Office will not work in a 64-bit process. As a result, Office 2010 64-bit solutions that try to load 32-bit ActiveX controls or DLLs will not work. Installations of 64-bit Office 2010 will run only 64-bit controls. Computers can have 64-bit and 32-bit controls installed, and Office 2010 64-bit can only run the 64-bit versions of the controls. The workaround for resolving these issues is to obtain 64-bit compatible controls and add-ins or to install Office 2010 32-bit (WOW).</li><li><strong>Graphics rendering</strong>   There are differences between the 32-bit and 64-bit Graphics Device Interface (GDI) that might have performance implications because of the lack of MMX support on 64-bit. Intel&#039;s MMX technology is an extension of the Intel architecture (IA) instruction set. The technology uses a single-instruction, multiple-data (SIMD) technique to speed up multimedia and communications software by processing data elements in parallel.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="conclusion" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Conclusion</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The addition of a 64-bit version of Office 2010 lets you analyze larger, more complex datasets. When writing 32-bit code, you can use the 64-bit version of Microsoft Office without any changes. However, when you write 64-bit code, you should ensure that your code contains specific keywords and conditional compilation constants to ensure that the code is backward compatible with earlier versions of Microsoft Office, and that the correct code is being executed if you mix 32-bit and 64-bit code.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="excel-97-2003-file-format-xls" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Excel 97-2003 File Format (XLS)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">As described above, Excel 2010 uses an Open XML workbook format by default. Beginning with Excel 2010, the older Excel 97-2003 file format will no longer be updated to include support for new functionality. This was not the case for past versions of Excel. For example, in Excel 2007, Icon Sets (a new type of conditional formatting) were saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. While Icon Sets were not displayed when the workbook was opened in versions of Excel prior to 2007, there was no loss of functionality when the file was re-opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="compatibility-tools" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Compatibility Tools</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">Users may still have a need to share files with others using versions of Excel prior to 2007. Given that new functionality will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format, several tools in Excel have been enhanced to provide feedback that will aid in saving files to this format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Compatibility Mode (enabled when an Excel 97-2003 file is opened) will disable the insertion of features not saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.</li><li>Compatibility Checker will show details about objects in the spreadsheet that are not saved to the Excel 97-3003 file format.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">Chapter 2 contains additional details about the Compatibility Tools and their effect on the new features in Excel 2010.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="chapter-2-opening-excel-97-2003-workbooks-in-excel-2010" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Chapter 2: Opening Excel 97-2003 Workbooks in Excel 2010</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Most of the features available in earlier versions of Excel will still exist when a workbook is opened in Excel 2010. This chapter describes features of earlier versions of Excel that are not available beginning in Excel 2010, and it also explains how workbooks will behave in the absence of such features. If you are migrating to Excel 2010 from a version prior to Excel 2007, you should first read <a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx"><span style="color:#0000ff">Migrating to Excel 2007</span></a> for a similar list of changes made in that release. Because this chapter covers a number of topics, the information has been divided into four categories: Compatibility Tools, Feature Removal, PivotTable views, and Office Art.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="compatibility-tools-1" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Compatibility Tools</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">In Excel 2007, Microsoft developers engineered a number of compatibility tools to aid those migrating documents and working with documents in several file formats. The Compatibility Mode and Compatibility Checker tools help to identify features and functionality that behave differently to raise awareness and prevent loss of data when moving between versions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="compatibility-mode" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Compatibility Mode</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Introduced in Excel 2007, Compatibility Mode effectively disables any new features in Excel 2007 and Excel 2010 that are not compatible with earlier versions of Excel. Compatibility Mode is tied to the Excel 97-2003 file format. For example, if a workbook opened in Excel 2010 is running in Compatibility Mode, the larger grid size will be suppressed so that users cannot enter data, formulas, or references outside the smaller grid boundary of earlier versions of Excel. The Sparkline feature added in Excel 2010 is another example of a feature that is disabled while in Compatibility Mode.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Users that open a workbook saved in the Excel 97-2003 file format (.xls) will note the workbook automatically functions in Compatibility Mode. Similarly, when working with a new workbook destined for use in earlier versions of Excel, users may turn on Compatibility Mode (by saving the file in the Excel 97-2003 file format, and then closing and re-opening the file) to prevent accidental use of functions and features that are incompatible with the earlier versions of Excel. This is critical for users that plan to share workbooks with others who have not yet migrated to Excel 2007 or later.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">When working in Compatibility Mode, users will still be able to work with the Office Fluent user interface and have access to most of the features in Excel. Only features that are incompatible and will not be saved into the Excel 97-2003 file format—such as the larger grid size—will be turned off for that particular workbook. Similarly, when a new workbook is saved to the Excel 97–2003 file format, that workbook will automatically be placed into Compatibility Mode the next time it is opened.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="disabled-features-in-compatibility-mode" style="line-height:16pt">Disabled Features in Compatibility Mode</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Chapter 1 of this document describes how features new to Excel 2010 will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 format. To aid people in recognizing the features that are not saved in that format the interface has been modified for the affected features. In general, the commands in the interface for these features have been disabled and ScreenTips are provided to indicate the reason for the disabled feature. Features that were improved in Excel 2010 may have the new functionality enabled but will have a ScreenTip that indicates the functionality will not be saved in the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="sparklines" style="line-height:15pt">Sparklines</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sparklines are a new type of data visualization in Excel 2010. These small, cell-size graphs are not saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Insertion of Sparklines is disabled in the interface.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="slicers" style="line-height:15pt">Slicers</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Slicers are a new feature in Excel 2010 that provide filtering for PivotTable™ and PivotChart™ views and CUBE functions within the workbook. Insertion of Slicers is disabled. If Slicers already exist in the workbook they are not saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format and any formulas that reference them will return a #NAME? error.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="conditional-formatting" style="line-height:15pt">Conditional Formatting</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Excel 2010 has a number of improvements in the area of Conditional Formatting including Data Bars and Icon Sets. In general, the interface for these improvements will be enabled in Compatibility Mode and ScreenTips will indicate that the new functionality will not be saved in the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="new-pivot-features" style="line-height:15pt">New Pivot Features</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A number of the PivotTable improvements made in Excel 2010 will be disabled while in Compatibility Mode to indicate that they will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 format. Those features include Named Sets, What-If Analysis, and new Show Values As functions. The new Search Filter will not be disabled because the feature is used to filter a PivotTable field while running the application, not a setting that is stored with the file.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="converting-workbooks" style="line-height:16pt">Converting Workbooks</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">To exit Compatibility Mode and enable the disabled commands, convert the workbook to one of the new file formats and then re-open the workbook. This can be accomplished in one step using the <strong>Convert</strong> command: Click the <strong>File tab</strong> and on the <strong>Info Tab</strong>, click <strong>Convert</strong>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="compatibility-checker" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Compatibility Checker</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">By default, the Compatibility Checker will function automatically when saving a workbook to the Excel 97-2003 file format, scanning for features and characteristics that are not supported by earlier versions of Excel. Users also have the option to disable the Compatibility Checker so that it does not run automatically when saving the workbook to an earlier file format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">The Compatibility Checker will identify two types of compatibility issues: features that are retained but function differently in earlier versions of Excel, and functions that are disabled in Compatibility Mode and therefore not functional in earlier versions of Excel. These issues will be displayed in a dialog box that allows the user to respond and take action before any data or functions are lost. The Compatibility Checker will list the issues identified in the workbook, summarize the number of occurrences of each issue, identify tools to help locate the issues, and provide additional help for the types of issues identified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="new-version-attribute-for-compatibility-checker" style="line-height:16pt">New “Version” attribute for Compatibility Checker</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Excel 2010, the Compatibility Checker has been improved to include a version attribute for each of the issues listed in the Compatibility Checker. Each issue will indicate whether it applies to Excel 97-2003, Excel 2007 or both. The list may be filtered by version to show the specified issues.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="feature-removal" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Feature Removal</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Removing functionality in a product is never a decision that is made lightly. We rarely remove functionality and strive for backwards compatibility with every version. When we do make changes to functionality that has been in the product we do so when we believe it will be a benefit to the majority of our customers by helping us to make forward progress.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="conditional-sum-and-lookup-wizard-add-ins" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Conditional Sum and Lookup Wizard Add-ins</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following add-ins that were previously shipped with Excel are no longer included in Excel 2010:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The Conditional Sum Wizard: Helps users create formulas that calculated the sums of values that meet specified conditions.</li><li>The Lookup Wizard: Helps users create formulas that finds a value at the intersection of a row and column by looking up specified values.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These add-ins are out of date, having been replaced by the function wizard and with the introduction of several functions including SUMIF and SUMIFS.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These wizards stepped people through the process of creating specific types of formulas, with the result being a formula entered into a cell in the worksheet. The formulas generated by these two wizards will continue to work in Excel 2010 and can be edited using other methods.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="additional-actions-smart-tags" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Additional Actions (Smart Tags)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Text and Values are no longer automatically recognized by a smart tag recognizer and will no longer display an indicator. Instead, users will be able to trigger recognition and view actions associated with text by right-clicking selected text and then clicking <strong>Additional actions</strong> on the context menu. There are also changes to the object model that may affect solutions that use Additional Actions. This information will no longer be stored in the file and solutions will no longer be able to programmatically manipulate actions attached to cell text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="document-workspaces" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Document Workspaces</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">The functionality to create and manage Document Workspaces has been changed in Excel 2010. Document Workspaces provided the ability to work with a local copy of a file and periodically update the local copy with changes from the server or update the server with changes from the local copy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">In Office 2010, SharePoint Workspaces will replace the previous Document Workspaces functionality. The SharePoint Workspaces feature will work without the need to create or manage the workspace from within Excel. This provides the ability for users to continue editing a document even when offline and automatically syncing these changes to WSS on the next connection.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">The SharedWorkspace Object Model will be deprecated. Existing macros which utilize it will silently fail.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="pattern-fills-interface-back-in-excel-2010" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Pattern Fills Interface: Back in Excel 2010</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span style="font-size:10pt">In Excel 2007 the pattern fills interface for shape objects was not re-implemented for the new Office Art technology. Excel 2007 did allow programmatic access to pattern fills. In Excel 2010, we have finished implementing the feature, making the interface available once again. Existing files will appear the same when loaded.</span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="pivottable-views" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">PivotTable views</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Many changes have been made to the architecture of PivotTable views starting in Excel 2007 and continuing in Excel 2010. These changes will allow users to do more with PivotTable views, but the changes may also cause some problems when migrating from earlier versions of Excel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">To ensure a PivotTable remains whole and functional, the version property of a PivotTable is completely separate from the version property of Excel. PivotTable views in Excel 2010 will be version 14 (xlPivotTableVersion14). Whereas a PivotTable created in an earlier version of Excel will have a different version number. For example, a version 10 PivotTable (xlPivotTableVersion10) is created in either Excel 2002 or Excel 2003 and a version 12 PivotTable (xlPivotTableVersion12) is created in Excel 2007.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">When using Excel 2010, the version of the PivotTable will be determined by whether the user is working in Compatibility Mode. If the current workbook is in Compatibility Mode, new PivotTable views created in that workbook will be version 10. When the current workbook is not in Compatibility Mode, new PivotTable views will be version 14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">When the user saves a workbook in Compatibility Mode to one of the new file formats, the PivotTable views in that workbook will be marked for upgrade. When each PivotTable is refreshed, it will then be upgraded to version 14 and new functionality will be enabled for that PivotTable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">It is important to note that version 14 PivotTable views cannot be downgraded to version 10, even when saving the workbook using an older file format. This means that a version 14 PivotTable created in Excel 2010 may not be modified or refreshed when opened in an version of Excel prior to 2007. However, the PivotTable will maintain all functionality and may be modified or refreshed when re-opened in Excel 2010. If the user plans to share PivotTable views with others using a version of Excel prior to Excel 2007 <em>and</em> they need to refresh the PivotTable views, it is important to make sure that these PivotTable views are created as version 10 PivotTable views. The simplest way to do this is by using Compatibility Mode. (Please refer to Compatibility Mode in this chapter for more information.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="office-art" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Office Art</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Beginning in 2007 the applications in Office featured a new version of shapes, with new formatting capabilities, a better user interface, integration with new Microsoft Office styles and themes, and compatibility with other features not present in earlier versions of Office Art.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Upon opening an Excel 97-2003 workbook in Excel 2010, most of the shapes within the workbook will be automatically converted to the newer version of shapes. This enables users to take advantage of features available in the Office Art Shape galleries.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">There are a few exceptions to the automatic upgrade and in these instances, Office Art Shapes will remain whole and usable in their previous format. These features include: comments, dialog sheet backgrounds, shapes used internally by Excel for various features (such as filter drop-down lists, auditing and circular reference arrows, and data validation ovals), ink annotations, header pictures, organization charts, and older diagrams.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">It is important to note that shapes drawn in earlier versions of Excel that are not upgraded cannot be grouped with shapes drawn in Excel 2010, or with shapes that have been upgraded. As a result, when users mix object types they will be layered, with the earlier version of shapes drawn on top of all later version shapes. This also means that charts (new version) cannot be shown on top of dialog sheets (old version).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Although the charts will still be there, users will not be able to view the charts layered underneath the dialog sheets. Using <strong>Select Objects</strong>, users will only be able to access the new shapes. In order to select shapes from an earlier version of Excel, in Excel Options, you must add the <strong>Select Multiple Objects</strong> command to your Ribbon or Quick Access Toolbar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="chapter-3-opening-excel-2007-workbooks-in-excel-2010" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Chapter 3: Opening Excel 2007 Workbooks in Excel 2010</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Excel 2007 included many architectural changes such as support for additional rows and columns and new file formats that had an impact on migrating documents from previous versions of Excel. While Excel 2010 has many improvements, the changes have less of an impact when migrating documents from Excel 2007. This chapter describes the changes when opening Excel 2007 workbooks in Excel 2010.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="pivotchart-views" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">PivotChart views</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Excel 2010 has the ability to show field controls directly on a PivotChart to enable filtering and moving fields, similar to the functionality that was in versions of Excel prior to Excel 2007. In contrast, Excel 2007 provided a modeless dialog which allowed you to pivot the chart but the inline controls proved to be a more intuitive way to do this which is why we moved back to this model.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When Excel 2007 workbooks containing PivotChart views are opened in Excel 2010, field controls will be displayed on the PivotChart. Excel 2010 allows you to use the Show/Hide Field Buttons command to hide specific buttons on the chart or all at once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5"><span id="_Toc264643662" class="anchor" data-pandoc-anchor="empty-target"></span><span style="color:#808080; font-size:18pt"><strong>Shapes</strong></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">As described in Chapter 2, most of the shapes within a workbook are converted to the new shape type that enable users to take advantage of the features available in the Shape Style galleries.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">In Excel 2007 there were a few exceptions to the automatic upgrade. These features included: comments, forms controls (including dialog sheet backgrounds), ActiveX objects, shapes used internally by Excel for various features (such as filter drop-down lists, auditing and circular reference arrows, and data validation ovals), OLE objects, camera tool objects, ink annotations, header pictures, organization charts, and older diagrams.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">When opening Excel 2007 files in Excel 2010, forms controls, ActiveX objects, OLE objects and camera tool objects are now also converted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">It is important to note that shapes drawn in earlier versions of Excel that are not upgraded cannot be grouped with shapes drawn in Excel 2010, or with shapes that have been upgraded. Similarly, users will not be able to select upgraded and non-upgraded charts at the same time. As a result, when users mix object types they will be layered, with the earlier version of shapes drawn on top of all later version shapes. This also means that charts (new version) cannot be shown on top of dialog sheets (old version).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Although the charts will still be there, users will not be able to view the charts layered underneath the dialog sheets. Using <strong>Select Objects</strong>, users will only be able to access the new shapes. In order to select shapes from an earlier version of Excel, in Excel Options, you must add the <strong>Select Multiple Objects</strong> command to your Ribbon or Quick Access Toolbar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="chapter-4-opening-excel-2010-workbooks-in-earlier-versions-of-excel" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Chapter 4: Opening Excel 2010 Workbooks in Earlier Versions of Excel</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">It is reasonable to expect that after migrating to Excel 2010, users will continue to share workbooks with others that are still working with earlier versions of Excel. The Excel workbook formats (XLSX, XLSB, XLSM) in Excel 2010 are the same formats introduced in Excel 2007. Excel workbooks saved in Excel 2010 can be opened directly in Excel 2007.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">There are two ways to facilitate sharing files across versions of Excel prior to Excel 2007: The Excel 2010 user can use the <span style="color:#4f81bd"><strong>Save As</strong></span>command to save the workbook in an earlier file format, or Excel 2000–Excel 2003 users can download the Compatibility Pack to open a workbook saved in the Excel 2007–2010 file format. Download the <a href="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=78517&amp;clcid=0x409"><span style="color:#0000ff">Compatibility Pack</span></a> from the Microsoft Web site (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=78517&amp;clcid=0x409).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">The workbook will behave the same whether the file is saved as an Excel 97-2003 workbook or whether the user opens it with the Compatibility Pack. It should be noted, however, that some of the features, functions, and data entered in an Excel 2010 workbook may not be visible or usable in earlier versions of Excel. Users can expect the following issues to arise when opening an Excel 2010 workbook in earlier versions of Excel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="excel-97-2003-file-format" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Excel 97-2003 File Format</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As described in Chapter 1 &amp; 2, features new to Excel 2010 will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format and in general these features are disabled when in Compatibility Mode.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="conditional-formatting-1" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Conditional Formatting</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">In Excel 2010 there are additional improvements to Conditional Formatting including new data bar visualizations, additional Icon Set combinations as well as the ability to reference values on worksheets other than the one that conditional formatting is displayed on. When workbooks with conditional formatting are opened in earlier versions of Excel, some of the visualizations simply will not be visible; and others may appear slightly different, when the new feature is not available. For example, Data Bars created in Excel 2010 can have a solid fill. When a file with Data Bars of this type is opened in Excel 2007, the Data Bars will be visible, but a gradient fill will be substituted for the solid fill.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="cross-sheet-references" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Cross-Sheet References</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Excel 2010, you can create conditional formatting with references to a different sheet in the same workbook. This means that you no longer need to copy or link your data to the same sheet when using conditional formatting. This applies to all type of conditional formatting including Data Bars and Icon Sets. Conditional formats that use cross-sheet references will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Conditional formats of this type will be saved to the newer Excel workbook formats, but the conditional formatting will not be shown when opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="data-bars" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Data Bars</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Data bars are a type of conditional formatting that was introduced in Excel 2007. Excel draws a bar in each cell with the length based on the value of cell relative to the other cells in the selected range. Data Bars are a great way to spot trends and outliers in your data. In Excel 2010, several improvements have been made to data bars which make them an even better choice for your data analysis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="proportional-data-bar-lengths" style="line-height:16pt">Proportional Data Bar Lengths</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Excel 2007, Data Bars by default used the Lowest Value and Highest Value in the Data Bar group to determine the Data Bar length and filled 10% of the cell with the shortest bar and 90% with the longest bar. This method is good for quickly finding outliers, but can be misleading for some data sets. Data Bars do not exist in version of Excel prior to 2007 and will not be displayed when workbooks containing them are opened in these versions.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="bar-length-type" style="line-height:15pt">Bar Length Type</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Excel 2010, Data Bars default to a new Automatic setting for Type that uses the minimum of zero or the lowest negative value in the data set. Data Bars using this automatic setting will be changed to use Lowest Value and Highest Value opened in Excel 2007. This may change the appearance of the Data Bars depending on the data set being used. Saving Data Bars to the Excel 97-2003 format will also convert them to use the Lowest and Highest Value settings as in Excel 2007.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="minimum-and-maximum-bar-lengths" style="line-height:15pt">Minimum and Maximum Bar Lengths</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Excel 2010 changed the length of the minimum and maximum bar lengths from 10% to 0% and from 90% to 100%. These settings were available for Data Bars using the Object Model in Excel 2007 and will be respected when files containing Data Bars are opened in Excel 2007. Similarly, these settings are stored when saving to the Excel 97-2003 format.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="formatting-options--solid-fills-and-borders" style="line-height:16pt">Formatting Options – Solid Fills and Borders</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Excel 2010 now has the ability to create Data Bars with different formatting, including Solid Fills in addition to Gradient Fills as well as the ability to add Borders. Data Bars with formatting of this type will be show using a Gradient Fill when opened in Excel 2007. Solid Fills and Borders for Data Bars will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="negative-value-data-bars" style="line-height:16pt">Negative Value Data Bars</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Excel 2010, we have introduced negative value data bars which can help analyze trends when negative values are involved. By default, we position the axis in the cell so that a small negative value will not occupy half the cell lengths when bigger positives values are also in the range. If you prefer, we let you position the axis in the center of the cell. Negative Value Data Bars will be displayed as regular Data Bars when opened in Excel 2007</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="icon-sets" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Icon Sets</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Excel 2007 introduced a new type of visual conditional formatting called Icon Sets. Excel draws an icon in each cell representing the value of the cell relative to the other cells in the selected range. Excel 2010 now offers more flexibility, allowing the icons in different sets to be combined and the ability to only show some of the icons in a group of cells formatted with Icon Sets. These new Custom Icon Sets that can be created in Excel 2010 will not be displayed when opened in Excel 2007. Custom Icon Sets will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="sparklines-1" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Sparklines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Excel 2010 we’ve added a new type of data visualization, Sparklines. Sparklines are small, cell-sized charts that are placed within cells, next to your data to show information about a lot of data at a glance. As with the other new features in Excel 2010, Sparklines will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format and inserting Sparklines will be disabled in Compatibility Mode. Sparklines will be saved to the new Excel workbook formats but will not be shown when Excel workbooks are opened in Excel 2007.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="data-validation" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Data Validation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Data Validation in Excel 2010 has been improved to allow cross sheet references, similar to Conditional Formatting. Data Validation that uses cross-sheet references will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Data validation of this type will be saved to the newer Excel workbook formats, but will not be shown when opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="formulas-and-functions" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Formulas and Functions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Excel 2010, a number of new worksheet functions have been added. These functions when used in formulas will return a #NAME! error when files containing them are opened in previous versions of Excel, consistent with the way that any new or un-recognized function is treated. These functions will also have the string, “xlfn_” preceding the function name when opened in previous versions of Excel to identify it and to prevent it from conflicting with any user-defined functions that may be present. For example, T.DIST.RT will become xlfn_T.DIST.RT when viewed in previous versions of Excel.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="new-icons-in-formula-autocomplete" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">New Icons in Formula AutoComplete</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As a result of the changes we’ve made to improve the consistency of Excel’s function library, we have introduced a whole new set of functions. Often these new functions look very similar to functions that existed in Excel 2007 and earlier, except with more accurate and consistent names. For example, in Excel 2007 we have the FDIST function and in Excel 2010 we introduced the F.DIST.RT function which has equivalent functionality, but it has a more appropriate function name. We want to promote the use of the Excel 2010 version of the functions. With accurate and consistent names, spreadsheets will be easier to debug and it will also be easier to teach functions to new users. To help users distinguish between the new and old versions of a function, we created a new function category called compatibility functions. Compatibility functions can be used so that workbooks remain compatible with earlier versions of Excel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The concept of compatibility functions comes into play in the Formula AutoComplete. Once a user starts typing =, and the name of the function, the AutoComplete list provides suggestions as to what function the user may want. Compatibility functions appear at the end of the AutoComplete list even if alphabetically they should be higher on the list, since we want to make it easier for users to access the new functions. We know that some users will still want to use the compatibility functions and felt it was a good idea they remain visible in AutoComplete. You’ll also see a new icon to the left of compatibility functions in the AutoComplete list to differentiate them from other functions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="new-limit-for-nonadjacent-cell-selection" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">New Limit for nonadjacent cell selection</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Excel 2010 there is a new limit to the number of separate ranges that can be selected or referred to simultaneously. An example of a nonadjacent selection is when you select a cell range, hold CTRL, and then select a subsequent range. In Excel 2010 this limit has now been extended to 8k or 8192 separate ranges. These types of selections will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Opening files with selections or references of this type in Excel 2010 will produce different results. For example, selecting 5000 separate ranges and saving the file with this as the active selection will change the current selection to be just the single active cell when opened in Excel 2007. The Compatibility Checker (see Chapter 2) can provide a warning if the previous limit has been exceeded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="filtering" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Filtering</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">In Excel 2010, there have been a number of improvements to filtering for Tables, PivotTable and PivotChart views. Tables, PivotTable and PivotChart views now have a new search functionality that easily enables you to find what you need and then filter and repeat. This results in a faster and more efficient way of navigating those enormous data sets. Another improvement is that text filters are no longer limited to 256 characters. In general, filters created using the search mechanism will produce similar results in earlier versions of Excel, with one exception. Only filters created in Excel 2010 that are greater than 256 characters will behave differently in earlier versions of Excel. These filters are discarded and when the associated object is updated, it may filter differently.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="pivottable-views-1" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">PivotTable views</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Chapter 2 of this document describes in detail how PivotTable views have a version number associated with them. A PivotTable created while not in Compatibility Mode will have the same general appearance when opened in Excel versions prior to 2007 but will be static (not refreshable). A PivotTable created in Compatibility mode will function in previous versions of Excel but may change appearance after being refreshed. Additional information is provided below for each of the new PivotTable features introduced in Excel 2010.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="named-sets" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Named Sets</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt">When working with a PivotTable, you often come across scenarios where you want to work with the same set of items from the data over and over again. Named Sets are a very flexible tool that allows users to do a lot more than just create a re-usable group of items for a PivotTable. With Named Sets in Excel 2010 you can:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Create simple, re-usable, groupings of common sets of items for re-use in a PivotTable—even when those sets are not present in the data.</li><li>Create a PivotTable that combine items from different hierarchies in ways that otherwise wouldn’t be possible (what is sometimes called “asymmetric reporting”).</li><li>Create a PivotTable based on your own custom MDX.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You may be saying to yourself “haven’t I used Named Sets in Excel before?” Well, Excel has allowed you to access some Named Sets that exist on an OLAP data source for a number of versions. In fact, you could even create Named Sets using the Excel object model in previous versions of Excel, so long as you could figure out how to do so, write MDX for the set, and so long as your set was one that previous versions of Excel could support. The named set consisted only of members from a single hierarchy and was not dynamic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="saving-named-sets" style="line-height:16pt">Saving Named Sets</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Only the subset of Named Sets that was supported in previous versions of Excel will be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Viewing a PivotTable with Named Sets in previous versions of Excel will appear similar when opened, but may produce different results after refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="enhanced-show-as" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Enhanced show as</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Excel 2010 also has introduced 6 new calculations for the “Show Values As” feature:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><span style="color:#4f81bd"><strong>% of Parent Row Total / % of Parent Column Total:</strong></span> These calculations display all the values in each column or row as a percentage of the total for the column or row.</li><li><span style="color:#4f81bd"><strong>% of Parent Total:</strong></span> This calculation displays a value as a percentage of the parent item value of a chosen base field. We can choose a base field that serves as a starting point for the calculation.</li><li><span style="color:#4f81bd"><strong>% Running Total in:</strong> </span>This calculation displays a value as a running total percentage for a chosen base field.</li><li><span style="color:#4f81bd"><strong>Rank Smallest to</strong> <strong>Largest</strong> <strong>/ Rank Largest to Smallest:</strong></span> Gives us the ability to assign a ranked number based on the field the calculation is applied to. I would want to do this in cases where I am interested in finding out where my largest or smallest values are.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">When saving a workbook with these new calculations to the Excel 97-2003 workbook format, these custom outputs will not be saved, and will be replaced by the original values from the data source. Viewing a PivotTable with new calculations in previous versions of Excel will appear similar when opened, but may produce different results after refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="repeating-labels" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Repeating Labels</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">In Excel 2010 a new Repeating Labels feature has been added for PivotTable views. Repeating labels in a PivotTable is the ability to show the item captions of outer nested fields in all rows/columns. Viewing a PivotTable with Repeating Labels in previous versions of Excel will appear similar when opened, but may produce different results after refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="visual-totals-for-pivottable-and-sets" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Visual Totals for PivotTable and Sets</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">In Excel 2010 we have added some visual total settings in PivotTable options. Visual Totals refer to how displayed totals calculate when one or more members are filtered. In the case of Visual Totals being ON all my totals will reflect the aggregation of only the members present and visible in the PivotTable at that time. In the case of having Visual Totals OFF all filtered items will also count towards the aggregation of totals. Viewing a PivotTable with Visual Totals in previous versions of Excel will appear similar when opened, but may produce different results after refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="pivottable-what-if-analysis-writeback" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">PivotTable What-if Analysis (Writeback)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When thinking of Excel as an OLAP analytical tool the first thing that usually comes to mind is the ability to quickly and easily analyze data from an OLAP data source. With the introduction of PivotTable What-If Analysis in Excel 2010 you can now easily modify this data as well. PivotTable What-If Analysis is the ability to modify values in PivotTable cells, recalculate the PivotTable with those values and, if the results are satisfactory, publish the changes so that they are reflected in the OLAP data source for other people to see.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="saving-what-if-analysis" style="line-height:16pt">Saving What-if Analysis</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you modify the values within a PivotTable using What-if Analysis and save the workbook to the Excel 97-2003 format, the values will be persisted but as with all version 14 PivotTable views, the PivotTable will be static when reopened. Modified values opened in Excel 2007 will be unchanged until the PivotTable is refreshed, at which point the original values from the cube will replace the modified values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slicers-1" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Slicers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>New to Excel 2010 are slicers, which are visual controls that allow you to quickly and easily filter your data in an interactive way. They float above the grid, like charts and shapes. A Slicer acts like a report filter, so you can connect it to a PivotTable, PivotChart, or CUBE function to create an interactive report.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="slicers-and-the-excel-97-2003-format" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Slicers and the Excel 97-2003 format</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As with most other new features in Excel 2010, Slicers will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. When saving to this format, the compatibility checker will warn that Slicers will not be saved and any references to them will return a #REF error. Insertion of Slicers is disabled while in Compatibility Mode.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="slicers-with-current-excel-workbook-formats" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Slicers with current Excel Workbook Formats</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Slicers will be included when saving to the Excel Workbook formats. If you open such a file in an earlier version of Excel, either directly in the case of Excel 2007 or using the Compatibility Pack in earlier versions, a text box indicating the location of the Slicer will be displayed in place of the Slicer object. Some operations in previous versions of Excel may cause a Slicer to be disconnected from its data source or removed. Slicers disconnected in this way may be re-connected when re-opened in Excel 2010.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="charting" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Charting</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With the Office 2007 release, charting became part of a shared Microsoft Office drawing layer. In Excel 2010 there are only a few charting issues that may affect migration.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="data-points-in-a-series-limits-removed" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Data Points in a Series Limits Removed</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In previous versions of Excel, charts were limited to 32,000 data points per series (4,000 for 3-D charts). Excel 2010 has removed this limitation, with available memory now being the limit. Charts that reference more data points than were previously allowed will only display the first 32,000 data points per series in 2-D charts, and the first 4,000 data points per series in 3-D charts, when the workbook is opened in a version of Excel prior to Excel 2010.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="pivotchart-settings" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">PivotChart Settings</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Excel 2010 has the ability to show field controls directly on a PivotChart to enable filtering and moving fields, similar to the functionality that was in versions of Excel prior to Excel 2007. In contrast, Excel 2007 provided a modeless dialog which allowed you to pivot the chart but the inline controls proved to be a more intuitive way to do this which is why we moved back to this model.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When Excel 2010 workbooks containing PivotChart views are opened in versions of Excel prior to 2007, field controls will be displayed on the PivotChart based on their visibility in Excel 2010. Excel 2010 allows you to use the Show/Hide Field Buttons command to hide specific buttons on the chart or all at once. If any of the field controls were visible when the file was saved in Excel 2010, all of the controls will be visible when opened in the prior version of Excel. If all of the controls were hidden in Excel 2010, none of the controls will be displayed in the prior version of Excel. Excel 2007 will not display any field controls regardless of their state when saved in Excel 2010.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="custom-data-parts" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Custom Data Parts</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Custom Data Parts enable the storage of custom data inside an Excel Workbook file without Excel having to understand the format or contents of the data. Custom Data Parts are snippets of XML which are stored inside the file and can be used to store custom data for that workbook. The data in Custom Data Parts is accessed via an OLEDB provider.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Designed by SQL Server’s Analysis Services team in collaboration with the Excel team, <span style="color:#4f81bd"><strong>PowerPivot for Excel 2010</strong></span>is a data analysis tool that can transform enormous quantities of data from virtually any source with incredible speed into meaningful information to get the answers they need in seconds. During the import process, a snapshot of all the data is imported into PowerPivot and stored in memory using a highly scalable engine. Saving the file will not only save any contents on the workbook but also all PowerPivot data. i.e. the PowerPivot data is stored as a Custom Data Part within the Excel workbook to simplify transport as well as remove the management overhead of managing separate database services.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="saving-custom-data-parts" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Saving Custom Data Parts</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Custom Data Parts are not saved into the Excel 97-2003 workbook format. The Compatibility Checker will warn when Custom Data Parts are lost when saving. When saving to the newer Excel workbook formats, Custom Data Parts must be associated with a Data connection or Data Object (PivotTable, Cube Functions, etc.) to be saved with the file. For example, if you use PowerPivot to insert a PivotTable in your workbook that is connected to data in a Custom Data Part, and you then delete the PivotTable from the workbook, saving the workbook will remove the Custom Data Part if it is no longer referenced by anything.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Excel workbooks containing object referencing Custom Data Parts cannot be refreshed when opened in previous versions of Excel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="alternative-text-properties" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Alternative text properties</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">Excel 2010 now has the ability to add alternative text to Tables and PivotTable views for use in Accessibility applications. As with other new features in Excel 2010, the Alternative Text Properties will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="chapter-5-additional-resources" style="margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:20pt">Chapter 5: Additional Resources</h1>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="selected-technical-articles-for-office-2010-development" style="line-height:16pt">Selected Technical Articles for Office 2010 Development</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Introduction to the Office 2010 Backstage View for Developers</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691833(office.14).aspx"><span style="color:#0000ff">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691833(office.14).aspx</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Ribbon Extensibility in Office 2010: Tab Activation and Auto-Scaling</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691834(office.14).aspx"><span style="color:#0000ff">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691834(office.14).aspx</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Deploying a Customized Ribbon and Quick Access Toolbar in Office 2010</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee704589(office.14).aspx"><span style="color:#0000ff">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee704589(office.14).aspx</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Customizing the Office 2010 Backstage View for Developers</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee815851(office.14).aspx"><span style="color:#0000ff">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee815851(office.14).aspx</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="compatibility-resources" style="line-height:16pt">Compatibility Resources</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Office 2010 Resource Kit</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc303401.aspx"><span style="color:#0000ff">http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc303401.aspx</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Compatibility for Microsoft Office 2010</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/office/ff460851.aspx#tab=1"><span style="color:#0000ff">http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/office/ff460851.aspx#tab=1</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>2007 Migration Whitepaper</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx"><span style="color:#0000ff; font-size:11pt">http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><span style="font-size:11pt"><strong>Office 2010 Tool: Compatibility Inspector</strong></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/info.aspx?na=47&amp;p=1&amp;SrcDisplayLang=en&amp;SrcCategoryId=&amp;SrcFamilyId=ea33f615-188d-464e-bc64-3ab06aa43961&amp;u=details.aspx%3ffamilyid%3d23C8A7F6-88B3-48EF-9710-9742340562C0%26displaylang%3den"><span style="color:#0000ff; font-size:11pt">http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/info.aspx?na=47&amp;p=1&amp;SrcDisplayLang=en&amp;SrcCategoryId=&amp;SrcFamilyId=ea33f615-188d-464e-bc64-3ab06aa43961&amp;u=details.aspx%3ffamilyid%3d23C8A7F6-88B3-48EF-9710-9742340562C0%26displaylang%3den</span></a></p>
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PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p style="margin-left:18pt; margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:22pt">Migrating to Microsoft Excel 2010</p>
<p style="margin-left:18pt"><em>The IT Professional’s Guide</em></p>
<p>This <span style="color:#000000">document is provided “as-is”. Information and views expressed in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, may change without notice. You bear the risk of using it.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#000000">Some examples depicted herein are provided for illustration only and are fictitious.  No real association or connection is intended or should be inferred</span>.</p>
<p><span style="color:#000000">This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any intellectual property in any Microsoft product. You may copy and use this document for your internal, reference purposes.</span></p>
<p>© 2010 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.</p>
<h1 id="executive-summary">Executive Summary</h1>
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5"><span style="font-size:11pt">Microsoft</span><span style="font-size:6pt">®</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> Excel</span><span style="font-size:6pt">®</span><span style="font-size:11pt"> 2010 is a robust program that differs in both appearance and function from earlier versions. With the ECMA/ISO Office Open XML File Formats, Business Intelligence functionality, and enhanced visualization tools, the new Excel 2010 spreadsheet program provides a comprehensive set of tools that empowers users to create and format workbooks for analyzing and sharing information, leading to more informed decisions than ever before.</span></p>
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5"><span style="font-size:11pt">While these changes are designed to improve the performance and experience of the program, there will be times when users encounter compatibility issues while working with workbooks that are created in different versions of Excel. Microsoft has developed special features to maximize compatibility and minimize any disruption to the workflow. Even so, the scope of change is significant, and users will encounter functional differences during migration.</span></p>
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5"><span style="font-size:11pt">This paper has been developed to aid in the migration process. Here you will find descriptions of the primary functional differences and how those variances might affect workbooks. This paper also explains some of the more common issues that may arise during migration and offers solutions where applicable. A similar paper, “</span><a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx"><span style="color:#0000FF; font-size:11pt">Migrating to Office Excel 2007</span></a><span style="font-size:11pt">” was written for Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and provides useful background content related to this paper. Additional resources are provided in Chapter 6 to help diagnose any issues that are not described in this paper.</span></p>
<h1 id="contents">Contents</h1>
<h1 id="contents-1" class="TOC-Heading">Contents</h1>
<h2 id="executive-summary-ii" class="toc-1"><span class="docx-field docx-field-toc docx-generated-field docx-generated-field-toc docx-field-hyperlink docx-field-outline-levels docx-field-hide-web-layout" data-docx-field="toc" data-docx-field-instruction="TOC \o &quot;1-3&quot; \h \z \u" data-docx-generated-field-type="table-of-contents" data-docx-field-hyperlink="true" data-docx-field-outline-levels="1-3" data-docx-field-hide-web-layout="true" data-docx-field-use-outline-levels="true" data-docx-field-target="#executive-summary"><a href="#executive-summary"><span style="color:#0000FF">Executive Summary</span> ii</a></span></h2>
<h2 id="contents-iii" class="toc-1"><a href="#contents"><span style="color:#0000FF">Contents</span> <span>iii</span></a></h2>
<h2 id="chapter-1-what-to-know-before-migration-v" class="toc-1"><a href="#chapter-1-what-to-know-before-migration"><span style="color:#0000FF">Chapter 1: What to Know Before Migration</span> <span>v</span></a></h2>
<h3 id="excel-2007-2010-file-format-v" class="toc-2"><a href="#excel-2007-2010-file-format"><span style="color:#0000FF">Excel 2007-2010 File Format</span> <span>v</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="introducing-the-32-bit-and-64-bit-versions-of-microsoft-office-2010-v" class="toc-2"><a href="#introducing-the-32-bit-and-64-bit-versions-of-microsoft-office-2010"><span style="color:#0000FF">Introducing the 32-bit and 64-bit Versions of Microsoft Office 2010</span> <span>v</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="file-and-solutions-compatibility-vi" class="toc-3"><a href="#file-and-solutions-compatibility"><span style="color:#0000FF">File and Solutions Compatibility</span> <span>vi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="deployment-considerations-vi" class="toc-3"><a href="#deployment-considerations"><span style="color:#0000FF">Deployment considerations</span> <span>vi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="conclusion-vii" class="toc-3"><a href="#conclusion"><span style="color:#0000FF">Conclusion</span> <span>vii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="excel-97-2003-file-format-xls-vii" class="toc-2"><a href="#excel-97-2003-file-format-xls"><span style="color:#0000FF">Excel 97-2003 File Format (XLS)</span> <span>vii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="compatibility-tools-vii" class="toc-3"><a href="#compatibility-tools"><span style="color:#0000FF">Compatibility Tools</span> <span>vii</span></a></h3>
<h2 id="chapter-2-opening-excel-97-2003-workbooks-in-excel-2010-viii" class="toc-1"><a href="#chapter-2-opening-excel-97-2003-workbooks-in-excel-2010"><span style="color:#0000FF">Chapter 2: Opening Excel 97-2003 Workbooks in Excel 2010</span> <span>viii</span></a></h2>
<h3 id="compatibility-tools-viii" class="toc-2"><a href="#compatibility-tools-1"><span style="color:#0000FF">Compatibility Tools</span> <span>viii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="compatibility-mode-viii" class="toc-3"><a href="#compatibility-mode"><span style="color:#0000FF">Compatibility Mode</span> <span>viii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="compatibility-checker-x" class="toc-3"><a href="#compatibility-checker"><span style="color:#0000FF">Compatibility Checker</span> <span>x</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="feature-removal-x" class="toc-2"><a href="#feature-removal"><span style="color:#0000FF">Feature Removal</span> <span>x</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="conditional-sum-and-lookup-wizard-add-ins-x" class="toc-3"><a href="#conditional-sum-and-lookup-wizard-add-ins"><span style="color:#0000FF">Conditional Sum and Lookup Wizard Add-ins</span> <span>x</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="additional-actions-smart-tags-xi" class="toc-3"><a href="#additional-actions-smart-tags"><span style="color:#0000FF">Additional Actions (Smart Tags)</span> <span>xi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="document-workspaces-xi" class="toc-3"><a href="#document-workspaces"><span style="color:#0000FF">Document Workspaces</span> <span>xi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="pattern-fills-interface-back-in-excel-2010-xi" class="toc-3"><a href="#pattern-fills-interface-back-in-excel-2010"><span style="color:#0000FF">Pattern Fills Interface: Back in Excel 2010</span> <span>xi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="pivottable-views-xi" class="toc-2"><a href="#pivottable-views"><span style="color:#0000FF">PivotTable views</span> <span>xi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="office-art-xii" class="toc-2"><a href="#office-art"><span style="color:#0000FF">Office Art</span> <span>xii</span></a></h3>
<h2 id="chapter-3-opening-excel-2007-workbooks-in-excel-2010-xiii" class="toc-1"><a href="#chapter-3-opening-excel-2007-workbooks-in-excel-2010"><span style="color:#0000FF">Chapter 3: Opening Excel 2007 Workbooks in Excel 2010</span> <span>xiii</span></a></h2>
<h3 id="pivotchart-views-xiii" class="toc-2"><a href="#pivotchart-views"><span style="color:#0000FF">PivotChart views</span> <span>xiii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="shapes-xiii" class="toc-2"><a href="#_Toc264643662"><span style="color:#0000FF">Shapes</span> <span>xiii</span></a></h3>
<h2 id="chapter-4-opening-excel-2010-workbooks-in-earlier-versions-of-excel-xiv" class="toc-1"><a href="#chapter-4-opening-excel-2010-workbooks-in-earlier-versions-of-excel"><span style="color:#0000FF">Chapter 4: Opening Excel 2010 Workbooks in Earlier Versions of Excel</span> <span>xiv</span></a></h2>
<h3 id="excel-97-2003-file-format-xiv" class="toc-2"><a href="#excel-97-2003-file-format"><span style="color:#0000FF">Excel 97-2003 File Format</span> <span>xiv</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="conditional-formatting-xiv" class="toc-2"><a href="#conditional-formatting-1"><span style="color:#0000FF">Conditional Formatting</span> <span>xiv</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="cross-sheet-references-xv" class="toc-3"><a href="#cross-sheet-references"><span style="color:#0000FF">Cross-Sheet References</span> <span>xv</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="data-bars-xv" class="toc-3"><a href="#data-bars"><span style="color:#0000FF">Data Bars</span> <span>xv</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="icon-sets-xvi" class="toc-3"><a href="#icon-sets"><span style="color:#0000FF">Icon Sets</span> <span>xvi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="sparklines-xvi" class="toc-2"><a href="#sparklines-1"><span style="color:#0000FF">Sparklines</span> <span>xvi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="data-validation-xvi" class="toc-2"><a href="#data-validation"><span style="color:#0000FF">Data Validation</span> <span>xvi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="formulas-and-functions-xvi" class="toc-2"><a href="#formulas-and-functions"><span style="color:#0000FF">Formulas and Functions</span> <span>xvi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="new-icons-in-formula-autocomplete-xvii" class="toc-3"><a href="#new-icons-in-formula-autocomplete"><span style="color:#0000FF">New Icons in Formula AutoComplete</span> <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="new-limit-for-nonadjacent-cell-selection-xvii" class="toc-3"><a href="#new-limit-for-nonadjacent-cell-selection"><span style="color:#0000FF">New Limit for nonadjacent cell selection</span> <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="filtering-xvii" class="toc-2"><a href="#filtering"><span style="color:#0000FF">Filtering</span> <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="pivottable-views-xvii" class="toc-2"><a href="#pivottable-views-1"><span style="color:#0000FF">PivotTable views</span> <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="named-sets-xviii" class="toc-3"><a href="#named-sets"><span style="color:#0000FF">Named Sets</span> <span>xviii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="enhanced-show-as-xviii" class="toc-3"><a href="#enhanced-show-as"><span style="color:#0000FF">Enhanced show as</span> <span>xviii</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="repeating-labels-xix" class="toc-3"><a href="#repeating-labels"><span style="color:#0000FF">Repeating Labels</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="visual-totals-for-pivottable-and-sets-xix" class="toc-3"><a href="#visual-totals-for-pivottable-and-sets"><span style="color:#0000FF">Visual Totals for PivotTable and Sets</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="pivottable-what-if-analysis-writeback-xix" class="toc-3"><a href="#pivottable-what-if-analysis-writeback"><span style="color:#0000FF">PivotTable What-if Analysis (Writeback)</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="slicers-xix" class="toc-2"><a href="#slicers-1"><span style="color:#0000FF">Slicers</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="slicers-and-the-excel-97-2003-format-xix" class="toc-3"><a href="#slicers-and-the-excel-97-2003-format"><span style="color:#0000FF">Slicers and the Excel 97-2003 format</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="slicers-with-current-excel-workbook-formats-xix" class="toc-3"><a href="#slicers-with-current-excel-workbook-formats"><span style="color:#0000FF">Slicers with current Excel Workbook Formats</span> <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="charting-xx" class="toc-2"><a href="#charting"><span style="color:#0000FF">Charting</span> <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="data-points-in-a-series-limits-removed-xx" class="toc-3"><a href="#data-points-in-a-series-limits-removed"><span style="color:#0000FF">Data Points in a Series Limits Removed</span> <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="pivotchart-settings-xx" class="toc-3"><a href="#pivotchart-settings"><span style="color:#0000FF">PivotChart Settings</span> <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="custom-data-parts-xx" class="toc-2"><a href="#custom-data-parts"><span style="color:#0000FF">Custom Data Parts</span> <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="saving-custom-data-parts-xxi" class="toc-3"><a href="#saving-custom-data-parts"><span style="color:#0000FF">Saving Custom Data Parts</span> <span>xxi</span></a></h3>
<h3 id="alternative-text-properties-xxi" class="toc-2"><a href="#alternative-text-properties"><span style="color:#0000FF">Alternative text properties</span> <span>xxi</span></a></h3>
<h2 id="chapter-5-additional-resources-xxi" class="toc-1"><a href="#chapter-5-additional-resources"><span style="color:#0000FF">Chapter 5: Additional Resources</span> <span>xxi</span></a></h2>
<h1 id="chapter-1-what-to-know-before-migration">Chapter 1: What to Know Before Migration</h1>
<h2 id="excel-2007-2010-file-format">Excel 2007-2010 File Format</h2>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Microsoft Excel 2010 uses the same ISO/ECMA Office Open XML format that was introduced in Microsoft Office Word 2007, Microsoft Office PowerPoint<span style="font-size:6pt">®</span> 2007, and Office Excel 2007. Distinct from the binary-based file format that has been a mainstay of past versions of the Microsoft Office suites; the Open XML Formats are compact and robust file formats that enable better data integration between documents and back-end systems. The Office Open XML Format is an open standard developed by ECMA International and later adopted in collaboration with many technology vendors. The Office Open XML format has also been adopted as IS-29500 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The standard maximizes interoperability in a heterogeneous environment, enabling technology providers to integrate the files created in the Microsoft Office 2010 release into their solutions.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">After the installation of Office 2010, users will still be able to open, edit, and save workbooks that were generated in the earlier binary file format. These workbooks can be converted to the Open XML Formats, which will enable better interoperability among applications from different vendors and make the Open XML Formats a better long-term solution. To convert a workbook from an earlier format to the Open XML Formats, use the <strong>Convert</strong> command: Click the <strong>File tab,</strong> and on the <strong>Info tab,</strong> click <strong>Convert</strong>.</p>
<h3 id="caution-workbook-formula-links" class="MS2---Heading3">Caution: Workbook Formula Links</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Before your organization converts any existing workbooks to the Open XML Formats, users should take into account any existing links between workbooks. Because earlier versions of Excel cannot update links to workbooks saved in the Open XML Formats, all linked workbooks should be simultaneously converted.</p>
<h2 id="introducing-the-32-bit-and-64-bit-versions-of-microsoft-office-2010">Introducing the 32-bit and 64-bit Versions of Microsoft Office 2010</h2>
<p>The Microsoft Office 2010 system is available in both 32-bit and 64-bit versions. The 64-bit version enables you to work with much larger sets of data. This need is especially true when working with large numbers in Excel 2010.</p>
<p>With the introduction of the new 64-bit version of Microsoft Office 2010, a new version of Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), known as Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications 7.0 (VBA 7), is being released to work with both 32-bit and 64-bit applications.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> In a default installation of Office 2010, the 32-bit version is installed, even on 64-bit systems. You must <em>explicitly</em> select the Office 2010 64-bit version installation option.</p>
<h3 id="file-and-solutions-compatibility">File and Solutions Compatibility</h3>
<h4 id="file-compatibility">File Compatibility</h4>
<p>Workbooks without embedded VBA are generally interchangeable between 32-bit and 64-bit. There’s no setting in the file marking it as a 64-bit workbook. Your average, every day, smaller-sized workbooks will be fine in both environments. However, with 64-bit Excel you will be able to create workbooks that are too big for 32-bit Excel to open (you’ll hit “out of memory” alerts before getting the file open completely). Note that even prior to having a 64-bit version of Excel, I can create a workbook using 32-bit Excel on a computer with more RAM that someone else might have serious performance issues opening using the same 32-bit Excel on a machine with less RAM . For example, performance issues could be encountered if the workbook was created on a computer with 2GB of RAM and opened on a computer with 1GB of RAM.</p>
<h4 id="running-solutions-on-64-bit-excel">Running Solutions on 64-Bit Excel</h4>
<p>You might need to review your VBA code and make updates in order for it to work correctly in 64-bit Excel. You may also need to have 64-bit versions of any Microsoft ActiveX<span style="font-size:6pt">©</span> controls, COM Add-ins, or XLLs if these are used in your solutions.</p>
<h3 id="deployment-considerations">Deployment considerations</h3>
<p>Before you deploy 64-bit editions of Office 2010, you must evaluate the advantages and disadvantages and determine whether it is an appropriate deployment option for your specific environment. The following sections highlight benefits and issues that might affect compatibility. You can find additional information in the TechNet topic <a href="file:///C:\Users\chucked\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary%20Internet%20Files\Content.Outlook\DMSHKJCA\64-bit%20editions%20of%20Office%202010"><span style="color:#0000FF">64-bit editions of Office 2010</span></a>.</p>
<p>A key consideration is that you cannot install native 64-bit Office 2010 on computers that have 32-bit Office applications and third-party add-ins installed. You must uninstall the 32-bit Office applications and add-ins before you can install 64-bit Office 2010. If you have 32-bit third-party Office applications and add-ins that are required for users, you can install the default option, which is 32-bit Office 2010 on computers that run supported 64-bit editions of Windows</p>
<h4 id="advantages">Advantages</h4>
<p>Running Office 2010 64-bit provides the following advantages:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Ability to use additional memory, physical and virtual.</p></li>
<li><p>Excel 2010 can load much larger workbooks. Excel 2010 made updates to use 64-bit memory addressing in order to move beyond the 2-GB addressable memory boundary that limits 32-bit applications.</p></li>
<li><p>Enhanced default security protections through Hardware Data Execution Prevention (DEP).</p></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="disadvantages">Disadvantages</h4>
<p>The following issues might affect compatibility:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>Visual Basic for Applications (VBA)</strong>   VBA code that uses the <strong>Declare</strong> statement to access the Windows application programming interface (API) or other DLL entry points will see differences between 32-bit and 64-bit versions. The <strong>Declare</strong> statement must be updated with the <strong>PtrSafe</strong> attribute after inputs and outputs to the API have been reviewed and updated. <strong>Declare</strong> statements will not work in 64-bit VBA without the <strong>PtrSafe</strong> attribute. New data types are added to 64-bit Office 2010 VBA: <strong>LongLong</strong> and <strong>LongPtr</strong>. For more information about VBA, see the “64-bit VBA Overview” and “Declare Statement” articles in the Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications online Help in Office applications.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>ActiveX controls and COM add-ins</strong>   ActiveX controls and add-in (COM) dynamic link libraries (DLLs) that were written for 32-bit Office will not work in a 64-bit process. As a result, Office 2010 64-bit solutions that try to load 32-bit ActiveX controls or DLLs will not work. Installations of 64-bit Office 2010 will run only 64-bit controls. Computers can have 64-bit and 32-bit controls installed, and Office 2010 64-bit can only run the 64-bit versions of the controls. The workaround for resolving these issues is to obtain 64-bit compatible controls and add-ins or to install Office 2010 32-bit (WOW).</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Graphics rendering</strong>   There are differences between the 32-bit and 64-bit Graphics Device Interface (GDI) that might have performance implications because of the lack of MMX support on 64-bit. Intel&#039;s MMX technology is an extension of the Intel architecture (IA) instruction set. The technology uses a single-instruction, multiple-data (SIMD) technique to speed up multimedia and communications software by processing data elements in parallel.</p></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h3>
<p>The addition of a 64-bit version of Office 2010 lets you analyze larger, more complex datasets. When writing 32-bit code, you can use the 64-bit version of Microsoft Office without any changes. However, when you write 64-bit code, you should ensure that your code contains specific keywords and conditional compilation constants to ensure that the code is backward compatible with earlier versions of Microsoft Office, and that the correct code is being executed if you mix 32-bit and 64-bit code.</p>
<h2 id="excel-97-2003-file-format-xls">Excel 97-2003 File Format (XLS)</h2>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">As described above, Excel 2010 uses an Open XML workbook format by default. Beginning with Excel 2010, the older Excel 97-2003 file format will no longer be updated to include support for new functionality. This was not the case for past versions of Excel. For example, in Excel 2007, Icon Sets (a new type of conditional formatting) were saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. While Icon Sets were not displayed when the workbook was opened in versions of Excel prior to 2007, there was no loss of functionality when the file was re-opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<h3 id="compatibility-tools">Compatibility Tools</h3>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">Users may still have a need to share files with others using versions of Excel prior to 2007. Given that new functionality will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format, several tools in Excel have been enhanced to provide feedback that will aid in saving files to this format.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Compatibility Mode (enabled when an Excel 97-2003 file is opened) will disable the insertion of features not saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p></li>
<li><p>Compatibility Checker will show details about objects in the spreadsheet that are not saved to the Excel 97-3003 file format.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">Chapter 2 contains additional details about the Compatibility Tools and their effect on the new features in Excel 2010.</p>
<h1 id="chapter-2-opening-excel-97-2003-workbooks-in-excel-2010">Chapter 2: Opening Excel 97-2003 Workbooks in Excel 2010</h1>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Most of the features available in earlier versions of Excel will still exist when a workbook is opened in Excel 2010. This chapter describes features of earlier versions of Excel that are not available beginning in Excel 2010, and it also explains how workbooks will behave in the absence of such features. If you are migrating to Excel 2010 from a version prior to Excel 2007, you should first read <a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx"><span style="color:#0000FF">Migrating to Excel 2007</span></a> for a similar list of changes made in that release. Because this chapter covers a number of topics, the information has been divided into four categories: Compatibility Tools, Feature Removal, PivotTable views, and Office Art.</p>
<h2 id="compatibility-tools-1">Compatibility Tools</h2>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">In Excel 2007, Microsoft developers engineered a number of compatibility tools to aid those migrating documents and working with documents in several file formats. The Compatibility Mode and Compatibility Checker tools help to identify features and functionality that behave differently to raise awareness and prevent loss of data when moving between versions.</p>
<h3 id="compatibility-mode">Compatibility Mode</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Introduced in Excel 2007, Compatibility Mode effectively disables any new features in Excel 2007 and Excel 2010 that are not compatible with earlier versions of Excel. Compatibility Mode is tied to the Excel 97-2003 file format. For example, if a workbook opened in Excel 2010 is running in Compatibility Mode, the larger grid size will be suppressed so that users cannot enter data, formulas, or references outside the smaller grid boundary of earlier versions of Excel. The Sparkline feature added in Excel 2010 is another example of a feature that is disabled while in Compatibility Mode.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Users that open a workbook saved in the Excel 97-2003 file format (.xls) will note the workbook automatically functions in Compatibility Mode. Similarly, when working with a new workbook destined for use in earlier versions of Excel, users may turn on Compatibility Mode (by saving the file in the Excel 97-2003 file format, and then closing and re-opening the file) to prevent accidental use of functions and features that are incompatible with the earlier versions of Excel. This is critical for users that plan to share workbooks with others who have not yet migrated to Excel 2007 or later.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">When working in Compatibility Mode, users will still be able to work with the Office Fluent user interface and have access to most of the features in Excel. Only features that are incompatible and will not be saved into the Excel 97-2003 file format—such as the larger grid size—will be turned off for that particular workbook. Similarly, when a new workbook is saved to the Excel 97–2003 file format, that workbook will automatically be placed into Compatibility Mode the next time it is opened.</p>
<h4 id="disabled-features-in-compatibility-mode">Disabled Features in Compatibility Mode</h4>
<p>Chapter 1 of this document describes how features new to Excel 2010 will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 format. To aid people in recognizing the features that are not saved in that format the interface has been modified for the affected features. In general, the commands in the interface for these features have been disabled and ScreenTips are provided to indicate the reason for the disabled feature. Features that were improved in Excel 2010 may have the new functionality enabled but will have a ScreenTip that indicates the functionality will not be saved in the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<h5 id="sparklines">Sparklines</h5>
<p>Sparklines are a new type of data visualization in Excel 2010. These small, cell-size graphs are not saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Insertion of Sparklines is disabled in the interface.</p>
<h5 id="slicers">Slicers</h5>
<p>Slicers are a new feature in Excel 2010 that provide filtering for PivotTable™ and PivotChart™ views and CUBE functions within the workbook. Insertion of Slicers is disabled. If Slicers already exist in the workbook they are not saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format and any formulas that reference them will return a #NAME? error.</p>
<h5 id="conditional-formatting">Conditional Formatting</h5>
<p>Excel 2010 has a number of improvements in the area of Conditional Formatting including Data Bars and Icon Sets. In general, the interface for these improvements will be enabled in Compatibility Mode and ScreenTips will indicate that the new functionality will not be saved in the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<h5 id="new-pivot-features">New Pivot Features</h5>
<p>A number of the PivotTable improvements made in Excel 2010 will be disabled while in Compatibility Mode to indicate that they will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 format. Those features include Named Sets, What-If Analysis, and new Show Values As functions. The new Search Filter will not be disabled because the feature is used to filter a PivotTable field while running the application, not a setting that is stored with the file.</p>
<h4 id="converting-workbooks">Converting Workbooks</h4>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">To exit Compatibility Mode and enable the disabled commands, convert the workbook to one of the new file formats and then re-open the workbook. This can be accomplished in one step using the <strong>Convert</strong> command: Click the <strong>File tab</strong> and on the <strong>Info Tab</strong>, click <strong>Convert</strong>.</p>
<h3 id="compatibility-checker">Compatibility Checker</h3>
<p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">By default, the Compatibility Checker will function automatically when saving a workbook to the Excel 97-2003 file format, scanning for features and characteristics that are not supported by earlier versions of Excel. Users also have the option to disable the Compatibility Checker so that it does not run automatically when saving the workbook to an earlier file format.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">The Compatibility Checker will identify two types of compatibility issues: features that are retained but function differently in earlier versions of Excel, and functions that are disabled in Compatibility Mode and therefore not functional in earlier versions of Excel. These issues will be displayed in a dialog box that allows the user to respond and take action before any data or functions are lost. The Compatibility Checker will list the issues identified in the workbook, summarize the number of occurrences of each issue, identify tools to help locate the issues, and provide additional help for the types of issues identified.</p>
<h4 id="new-version-attribute-for-compatibility-checker">New “Version” attribute for Compatibility Checker</h4>
<p>In Excel 2010, the Compatibility Checker has been improved to include a version attribute for each of the issues listed in the Compatibility Checker. Each issue will indicate whether it applies to Excel 97-2003, Excel 2007 or both. The list may be filtered by version to show the specified issues.</p>
<h2 id="feature-removal">Feature Removal</h2>
<p>Removing functionality in a product is never a decision that is made lightly. We rarely remove functionality and strive for backwards compatibility with every version. When we do make changes to functionality that has been in the product we do so when we believe it will be a benefit to the majority of our customers by helping us to make forward progress.</p>
<h3 id="conditional-sum-and-lookup-wizard-add-ins">Conditional Sum and Lookup Wizard Add-ins</h3>
<p>The following add-ins that were previously shipped with Excel are no longer included in Excel 2010:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The Conditional Sum Wizard: Helps users create formulas that calculated the sums of values that meet specified conditions.</p></li>
<li><p>The Lookup Wizard: Helps users create formulas that finds a value at the intersection of a row and column by looking up specified values.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>These add-ins are out of date, having been replaced by the function wizard and with the introduction of several functions including SUMIF and SUMIFS.</p>
<p>These wizards stepped people through the process of creating specific types of formulas, with the result being a formula entered into a cell in the worksheet. The formulas generated by these two wizards will continue to work in Excel 2010 and can be edited using other methods.</p>
<h3 id="additional-actions-smart-tags">Additional Actions (Smart Tags)</h3>
<p>Text and Values are no longer automatically recognized by a smart tag recognizer and will no longer display an indicator. Instead, users will be able to trigger recognition and view actions associated with text by right-clicking selected text and then clicking <strong>Additional actions</strong> on the context menu. There are also changes to the object model that may affect solutions that use Additional Actions. This information will no longer be stored in the file and solutions will no longer be able to programmatically manipulate actions attached to cell text.</p>
<h3 id="document-workspaces">Document Workspaces</h3>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">The functionality to create and manage Document Workspaces has been changed in Excel 2010. Document Workspaces provided the ability to work with a local copy of a file and periodically update the local copy with changes from the server or update the server with changes from the local copy.</p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">In Office 2010, SharePoint Workspaces will replace the previous Document Workspaces functionality. The SharePoint Workspaces feature will work without the need to create or manage the workspace from within Excel. This provides the ability for users to continue editing a document even when offline and automatically syncing these changes to WSS on the next connection.</p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">The SharedWorkspace Object Model will be deprecated. Existing macros which utilize it will silently fail.</p>
<h3 id="pattern-fills-interface-back-in-excel-2010">Pattern Fills Interface: Back in Excel 2010</h3>
<p><span style="font-size:10pt">In Excel 2007 the pattern fills interface for shape objects was not re-implemented for the new Office Art technology. Excel 2007 did allow programmatic access to pattern fills. In Excel 2010, we have finished implementing the feature, making the interface available once again. Existing files will appear the same when loaded.</span></p>
<h2 id="pivottable-views">PivotTable views</h2>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Many changes have been made to the architecture of PivotTable views starting in Excel 2007 and continuing in Excel 2010. These changes will allow users to do more with PivotTable views, but the changes may also cause some problems when migrating from earlier versions of Excel.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">To ensure a PivotTable remains whole and functional, the version property of a PivotTable is completely separate from the version property of Excel. PivotTable views in Excel 2010 will be version 14 (xlPivotTableVersion14). Whereas a PivotTable created in an earlier version of Excel will have a different version number. For example, a version 10 PivotTable (xlPivotTableVersion10) is created in either Excel 2002 or Excel 2003 and a version 12 PivotTable (xlPivotTableVersion12) is created in Excel 2007.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">When using Excel 2010, the version of the PivotTable will be determined by whether the user is working in Compatibility Mode. If the current workbook is in Compatibility Mode, new PivotTable views created in that workbook will be version 10. When the current workbook is not in Compatibility Mode, new PivotTable views will be version 14.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">When the user saves a workbook in Compatibility Mode to one of the new file formats, the PivotTable views in that workbook will be marked for upgrade. When each PivotTable is refreshed, it will then be upgraded to version 14 and new functionality will be enabled for that PivotTable.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">It is important to note that version 14 PivotTable views cannot be downgraded to version 10, even when saving the workbook using an older file format. This means that a version 14 PivotTable created in Excel 2010 may not be modified or refreshed when opened in an version of Excel prior to 2007. However, the PivotTable will maintain all functionality and may be modified or refreshed when re-opened in Excel 2010. If the user plans to share PivotTable views with others using a version of Excel prior to Excel 2007 <em>and</em> they need to refresh the PivotTable views, it is important to make sure that these PivotTable views are created as version 10 PivotTable views. The simplest way to do this is by using Compatibility Mode. (Please refer to Compatibility Mode in this chapter for more information.)</p>
<h2 id="office-art">Office Art</h2>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Beginning in 2007 the applications in Office featured a new version of shapes, with new formatting capabilities, a better user interface, integration with new Microsoft Office styles and themes, and compatibility with other features not present in earlier versions of Office Art.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Upon opening an Excel 97-2003 workbook in Excel 2010, most of the shapes within the workbook will be automatically converted to the newer version of shapes. This enables users to take advantage of features available in the Office Art Shape galleries.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">There are a few exceptions to the automatic upgrade and in these instances, Office Art Shapes will remain whole and usable in their previous format. These features include: comments, dialog sheet backgrounds, shapes used internally by Excel for various features (such as filter drop-down lists, auditing and circular reference arrows, and data validation ovals), ink annotations, header pictures, organization charts, and older diagrams.</p>
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">It is important to note that shapes drawn in earlier versions of Excel that are not upgraded cannot be grouped with shapes drawn in Excel 2010, or with shapes that have been upgraded. As a result, when users mix object types they will be layered, with the earlier version of shapes drawn on top of all later version shapes. This also means that charts (new version) cannot be shown on top of dialog sheets (old version).</p>
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Although the charts will still be there, users will not be able to view the charts layered underneath the dialog sheets. Using <strong>Select Objects</strong>, users will only be able to access the new shapes. In order to select shapes from an earlier version of Excel, in Excel Options, you must add the <strong>Select Multiple Objects</strong> command to your Ribbon or Quick Access Toolbar.</p>
<h1 id="chapter-3-opening-excel-2007-workbooks-in-excel-2010">Chapter 3: Opening Excel 2007 Workbooks in Excel 2010</h1>
<p>Excel 2007 included many architectural changes such as support for additional rows and columns and new file formats that had an impact on migrating documents from previous versions of Excel. While Excel 2010 has many improvements, the changes have less of an impact when migrating documents from Excel 2007. This chapter describes the changes when opening Excel 2007 workbooks in Excel 2010.</p>
<h2 id="pivotchart-views">PivotChart views</h2>
<p>Excel 2010 has the ability to show field controls directly on a PivotChart to enable filtering and moving fields, similar to the functionality that was in versions of Excel prior to Excel 2007. In contrast, Excel 2007 provided a modeless dialog which allowed you to pivot the chart but the inline controls proved to be a more intuitive way to do this which is why we moved back to this model.</p>
<p>When Excel 2007 workbooks containing PivotChart views are opened in Excel 2010, field controls will be displayed on the PivotChart. Excel 2010 allows you to use the Show/Hide Field Buttons command to hide specific buttons on the chart or all at once.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5"><span id="_Toc264643662" class="anchor"></span><span style="color:#808080; font-size:18pt"><strong>Shapes</strong></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">As described in Chapter 2, most of the shapes within a workbook are converted to the new shape type that enable users to take advantage of the features available in the Shape Style galleries.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">In Excel 2007 there were a few exceptions to the automatic upgrade. These features included: comments, forms controls (including dialog sheet backgrounds), ActiveX objects, shapes used internally by Excel for various features (such as filter drop-down lists, auditing and circular reference arrows, and data validation ovals), OLE objects, camera tool objects, ink annotations, header pictures, organization charts, and older diagrams.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">When opening Excel 2007 files in Excel 2010, forms controls, ActiveX objects, OLE objects and camera tool objects are now also converted.</p>
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">It is important to note that shapes drawn in earlier versions of Excel that are not upgraded cannot be grouped with shapes drawn in Excel 2010, or with shapes that have been upgraded. Similarly, users will not be able to select upgraded and non-upgraded charts at the same time. As a result, when users mix object types they will be layered, with the earlier version of shapes drawn on top of all later version shapes. This also means that charts (new version) cannot be shown on top of dialog sheets (old version).</p>
<p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">Although the charts will still be there, users will not be able to view the charts layered underneath the dialog sheets. Using <strong>Select Objects</strong>, users will only be able to access the new shapes. In order to select shapes from an earlier version of Excel, in Excel Options, you must add the <strong>Select Multiple Objects</strong> command to your Ribbon or Quick Access Toolbar.</p>
<h1 id="chapter-4-opening-excel-2010-workbooks-in-earlier-versions-of-excel">Chapter 4: Opening Excel 2010 Workbooks in Earlier Versions of Excel</h1>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">It is reasonable to expect that after migrating to Excel 2010, users will continue to share workbooks with others that are still working with earlier versions of Excel. The Excel workbook formats (XLSX, XLSB, XLSM) in Excel 2010 are the same formats introduced in Excel 2007. Excel workbooks saved in Excel 2010 can be opened directly in Excel 2007.</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">There are two ways to facilitate sharing files across versions of Excel prior to Excel 2007: The Excel 2010 user can use the <span style="color:#4F81BD"><strong>Save As</strong></span>command to save the workbook in an earlier file format, or Excel 2000–Excel 2003 users can download the Compatibility Pack to open a workbook saved in the Excel 2007–2010 file format. Download the <a href="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=78517&amp;clcid=0x409"><span style="color:#0000FF">Compatibility Pack</span></a> from the Microsoft Web site (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=78517&amp;clcid=0x409).</p>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">The workbook will behave the same whether the file is saved as an Excel 97-2003 workbook or whether the user opens it with the Compatibility Pack. It should be noted, however, that some of the features, functions, and data entered in an Excel 2010 workbook may not be visible or usable in earlier versions of Excel. Users can expect the following issues to arise when opening an Excel 2010 workbook in earlier versions of Excel.</p>
<h2 id="excel-97-2003-file-format">Excel 97-2003 File Format</h2>
<p>As described in Chapter 1 &amp; 2, features new to Excel 2010 will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format and in general these features are disabled when in Compatibility Mode.</p>
<h2 id="conditional-formatting-1">Conditional Formatting</h2>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; line-height:1.5">In Excel 2010 there are additional improvements to Conditional Formatting including new data bar visualizations, additional Icon Set combinations as well as the ability to reference values on worksheets other than the one that conditional formatting is displayed on. When workbooks with conditional formatting are opened in earlier versions of Excel, some of the visualizations simply will not be visible; and others may appear slightly different, when the new feature is not available. For example, Data Bars created in Excel 2010 can have a solid fill. When a file with Data Bars of this type is opened in Excel 2007, the Data Bars will be visible, but a gradient fill will be substituted for the solid fill.</p>
<h3 id="cross-sheet-references">Cross-Sheet References</h3>
<p>In Excel 2010, you can create conditional formatting with references to a different sheet in the same workbook. This means that you no longer need to copy or link your data to the same sheet when using conditional formatting. This applies to all type of conditional formatting including Data Bars and Icon Sets. Conditional formats that use cross-sheet references will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Conditional formats of this type will be saved to the newer Excel workbook formats, but the conditional formatting will not be shown when opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<h3 id="data-bars">Data Bars</h3>
<p>Data bars are a type of conditional formatting that was introduced in Excel 2007. Excel draws a bar in each cell with the length based on the value of cell relative to the other cells in the selected range. Data Bars are a great way to spot trends and outliers in your data. In Excel 2010, several improvements have been made to data bars which make them an even better choice for your data analysis.</p>
<h4 id="proportional-data-bar-lengths">Proportional Data Bar Lengths</h4>
<p>In Excel 2007, Data Bars by default used the Lowest Value and Highest Value in the Data Bar group to determine the Data Bar length and filled 10% of the cell with the shortest bar and 90% with the longest bar. This method is good for quickly finding outliers, but can be misleading for some data sets. Data Bars do not exist in version of Excel prior to 2007 and will not be displayed when workbooks containing them are opened in these versions.</p>
<h5 id="bar-length-type">Bar Length Type</h5>
<p>In Excel 2010, Data Bars default to a new Automatic setting for Type that uses the minimum of zero or the lowest negative value in the data set. Data Bars using this automatic setting will be changed to use Lowest Value and Highest Value opened in Excel 2007. This may change the appearance of the Data Bars depending on the data set being used. Saving Data Bars to the Excel 97-2003 format will also convert them to use the Lowest and Highest Value settings as in Excel 2007.</p>
<h5 id="minimum-and-maximum-bar-lengths">Minimum and Maximum Bar Lengths</h5>
<p>Excel 2010 changed the length of the minimum and maximum bar lengths from 10% to 0% and from 90% to 100%. These settings were available for Data Bars using the Object Model in Excel 2007 and will be respected when files containing Data Bars are opened in Excel 2007. Similarly, these settings are stored when saving to the Excel 97-2003 format.</p>
<h4 id="formatting-options--solid-fills-and-borders">Formatting Options – Solid Fills and Borders</h4>
<p>Excel 2010 now has the ability to create Data Bars with different formatting, including Solid Fills in addition to Gradient Fills as well as the ability to add Borders. Data Bars with formatting of this type will be show using a Gradient Fill when opened in Excel 2007. Solid Fills and Borders for Data Bars will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<h4 id="negative-value-data-bars">Negative Value Data Bars</h4>
<p>In Excel 2010, we have introduced negative value data bars which can help analyze trends when negative values are involved. By default, we position the axis in the cell so that a small negative value will not occupy half the cell lengths when bigger positives values are also in the range. If you prefer, we let you position the axis in the center of the cell. Negative Value Data Bars will be displayed as regular Data Bars when opened in Excel 2007</p>
<h3 id="icon-sets">Icon Sets</h3>
<p>Excel 2007 introduced a new type of visual conditional formatting called Icon Sets. Excel draws an icon in each cell representing the value of the cell relative to the other cells in the selected range. Excel 2010 now offers more flexibility, allowing the icons in different sets to be combined and the ability to only show some of the icons in a group of cells formatted with Icon Sets. These new Custom Icon Sets that can be created in Excel 2010 will not be displayed when opened in Excel 2007. Custom Icon Sets will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<h2 id="sparklines-1">Sparklines</h2>
<p>In Excel 2010 we’ve added a new type of data visualization, Sparklines. Sparklines are small, cell-sized charts that are placed within cells, next to your data to show information about a lot of data at a glance. As with the other new features in Excel 2010, Sparklines will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format and inserting Sparklines will be disabled in Compatibility Mode. Sparklines will be saved to the new Excel workbook formats but will not be shown when Excel workbooks are opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<h2 id="data-validation">Data Validation</h2>
<p>Data Validation in Excel 2010 has been improved to allow cross sheet references, similar to Conditional Formatting. Data Validation that uses cross-sheet references will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Data validation of this type will be saved to the newer Excel workbook formats, but will not be shown when opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<h2 id="formulas-and-functions">Formulas and Functions</h2>
<p>In Excel 2010, a number of new worksheet functions have been added. These functions when used in formulas will return a #NAME! error when files containing them are opened in previous versions of Excel, consistent with the way that any new or un-recognized function is treated. These functions will also have the string, “xlfn_” preceding the function name when opened in previous versions of Excel to identify it and to prevent it from conflicting with any user-defined functions that may be present. For example, T.DIST.RT will become xlfn_T.DIST.RT when viewed in previous versions of Excel.</p>
<h3 id="new-icons-in-formula-autocomplete">New Icons in Formula AutoComplete</h3>
<p>As a result of the changes we’ve made to improve the consistency of Excel’s function library, we have introduced a whole new set of functions. Often these new functions look very similar to functions that existed in Excel 2007 and earlier, except with more accurate and consistent names. For example, in Excel 2007 we have the FDIST function and in Excel 2010 we introduced the F.DIST.RT function which has equivalent functionality, but it has a more appropriate function name. We want to promote the use of the Excel 2010 version of the functions. With accurate and consistent names, spreadsheets will be easier to debug and it will also be easier to teach functions to new users. To help users distinguish between the new and old versions of a function, we created a new function category called compatibility functions. Compatibility functions can be used so that workbooks remain compatible with earlier versions of Excel.</p>
<p>The concept of compatibility functions comes into play in the Formula AutoComplete. Once a user starts typing =, and the name of the function, the AutoComplete list provides suggestions as to what function the user may want. Compatibility functions appear at the end of the AutoComplete list even if alphabetically they should be higher on the list, since we want to make it easier for users to access the new functions. We know that some users will still want to use the compatibility functions and felt it was a good idea they remain visible in AutoComplete. You’ll also see a new icon to the left of compatibility functions in the AutoComplete list to differentiate them from other functions.</p>
<h3 id="new-limit-for-nonadjacent-cell-selection">New Limit for nonadjacent cell selection</h3>
<p>In Excel 2010 there is a new limit to the number of separate ranges that can be selected or referred to simultaneously. An example of a nonadjacent selection is when you select a cell range, hold CTRL, and then select a subsequent range. In Excel 2010 this limit has now been extended to 8k or 8192 separate ranges. These types of selections will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Opening files with selections or references of this type in Excel 2010 will produce different results. For example, selecting 5000 separate ranges and saving the file with this as the active selection will change the current selection to be just the single active cell when opened in Excel 2007. The Compatibility Checker (see Chapter 2) can provide a warning if the previous limit has been exceeded.</p>
<h2 id="filtering">Filtering</h2>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">In Excel 2010, there have been a number of improvements to filtering for Tables, PivotTable and PivotChart views. Tables, PivotTable and PivotChart views now have a new search functionality that easily enables you to find what you need and then filter and repeat. This results in a faster and more efficient way of navigating those enormous data sets. Another improvement is that text filters are no longer limited to 256 characters. In general, filters created using the search mechanism will produce similar results in earlier versions of Excel, with one exception. Only filters created in Excel 2010 that are greater than 256 characters will behave differently in earlier versions of Excel. These filters are discarded and when the associated object is updated, it may filter differently.</p>
<h2 id="pivottable-views-1">PivotTable views</h2>
<p>Chapter 2 of this document describes in detail how PivotTable views have a version number associated with them. A PivotTable created while not in Compatibility Mode will have the same general appearance when opened in Excel versions prior to 2007 but will be static (not refreshable). A PivotTable created in Compatibility mode will function in previous versions of Excel but may change appearance after being refreshed. Additional information is provided below for each of the new PivotTable features introduced in Excel 2010.</p>
<h3 id="named-sets">Named Sets</h3>
<p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt">When working with a PivotTable, you often come across scenarios where you want to work with the same set of items from the data over and over again. Named Sets are a very flexible tool that allows users to do a lot more than just create a re-usable group of items for a PivotTable. With Named Sets in Excel 2010 you can:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Create simple, re-usable, groupings of common sets of items for re-use in a PivotTable—even when those sets are not present in the data.</p></li>
<li><p>Create a PivotTable that combine items from different hierarchies in ways that otherwise wouldn’t be possible (what is sometimes called “asymmetric reporting”).</p></li>
<li><p>Create a PivotTable based on your own custom MDX.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>You may be saying to yourself “haven’t I used Named Sets in Excel before?” Well, Excel has allowed you to access some Named Sets that exist on an OLAP data source for a number of versions. In fact, you could even create Named Sets using the Excel object model in previous versions of Excel, so long as you could figure out how to do so, write MDX for the set, and so long as your set was one that previous versions of Excel could support. The named set consisted only of members from a single hierarchy and was not dynamic.</p>
<h4 id="saving-named-sets">Saving Named Sets</h4>
<p>Only the subset of Named Sets that was supported in previous versions of Excel will be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Viewing a PivotTable with Named Sets in previous versions of Excel will appear similar when opened, but may produce different results after refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<h3 id="enhanced-show-as">Enhanced show as</h3>
<p>Excel 2010 also has introduced 6 new calculations for the “Show Values As” feature:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><span style="color:#4F81BD"><strong>% of Parent Row Total / % of Parent Column Total:</strong></span> These calculations display all the values in each column or row as a percentage of the total for the column or row.</p></li>
<li><p><span style="color:#4F81BD"><strong>% of Parent Total:</strong></span> This calculation displays a value as a percentage of the parent item value of a chosen base field. We can choose a base field that serves as a starting point for the calculation.</p></li>
<li><p><span style="color:#4F81BD"><strong>% Running Total in:</strong> </span>This calculation displays a value as a running total percentage for a chosen base field.</p></li>
<li><p><span style="color:#4F81BD"><strong>Rank Smallest to</strong> <strong>Largest</strong> <strong>/ Rank Largest to Smallest:</strong></span> Gives us the ability to assign a ranked number based on the field the calculation is applied to. I would want to do this in cases where I am interested in finding out where my largest or smallest values are.</p></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">When saving a workbook with these new calculations to the Excel 97-2003 workbook format, these custom outputs will not be saved, and will be replaced by the original values from the data source. Viewing a PivotTable with new calculations in previous versions of Excel will appear similar when opened, but may produce different results after refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<h3 id="repeating-labels">Repeating Labels</h3>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">In Excel 2010 a new Repeating Labels feature has been added for PivotTable views. Repeating labels in a PivotTable is the ability to show the item captions of outer nested fields in all rows/columns. Viewing a PivotTable with Repeating Labels in previous versions of Excel will appear similar when opened, but may produce different results after refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<h3 id="visual-totals-for-pivottable-and-sets">Visual Totals for PivotTable and Sets</h3>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">In Excel 2010 we have added some visual total settings in PivotTable options. Visual Totals refer to how displayed totals calculate when one or more members are filtered. In the case of Visual Totals being ON all my totals will reflect the aggregation of only the members present and visible in the PivotTable at that time. In the case of having Visual Totals OFF all filtered items will also count towards the aggregation of totals. Viewing a PivotTable with Visual Totals in previous versions of Excel will appear similar when opened, but may produce different results after refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<h3 id="pivottable-what-if-analysis-writeback">PivotTable What-if Analysis (Writeback)</h3>
<p>When thinking of Excel as an OLAP analytical tool the first thing that usually comes to mind is the ability to quickly and easily analyze data from an OLAP data source. With the introduction of PivotTable What-If Analysis in Excel 2010 you can now easily modify this data as well. PivotTable What-If Analysis is the ability to modify values in PivotTable cells, recalculate the PivotTable with those values and, if the results are satisfactory, publish the changes so that they are reflected in the OLAP data source for other people to see.</p>
<h4 id="saving-what-if-analysis">Saving What-if Analysis</h4>
<p>If you modify the values within a PivotTable using What-if Analysis and save the workbook to the Excel 97-2003 format, the values will be persisted but as with all version 14 PivotTable views, the PivotTable will be static when reopened. Modified values opened in Excel 2007 will be unchanged until the PivotTable is refreshed, at which point the original values from the cube will replace the modified values.</p>
<h2 id="slicers-1">Slicers</h2>
<p>New to Excel 2010 are slicers, which are visual controls that allow you to quickly and easily filter your data in an interactive way. They float above the grid, like charts and shapes. A Slicer acts like a report filter, so you can connect it to a PivotTable, PivotChart, or CUBE function to create an interactive report.</p>
<h3 id="slicers-and-the-excel-97-2003-format">Slicers and the Excel 97-2003 format</h3>
<p>As with most other new features in Excel 2010, Slicers will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. When saving to this format, the compatibility checker will warn that Slicers will not be saved and any references to them will return a #REF error. Insertion of Slicers is disabled while in Compatibility Mode.</p>
<h3 id="slicers-with-current-excel-workbook-formats">Slicers with current Excel Workbook Formats</h3>
<p>Slicers will be included when saving to the Excel Workbook formats. If you open such a file in an earlier version of Excel, either directly in the case of Excel 2007 or using the Compatibility Pack in earlier versions, a text box indicating the location of the Slicer will be displayed in place of the Slicer object. Some operations in previous versions of Excel may cause a Slicer to be disconnected from its data source or removed. Slicers disconnected in this way may be re-connected when re-opened in Excel 2010.</p>
<h2 id="charting">Charting</h2>
<p>With the Office 2007 release, charting became part of a shared Microsoft Office drawing layer. In Excel 2010 there are only a few charting issues that may affect migration.</p>
<h3 id="data-points-in-a-series-limits-removed">Data Points in a Series Limits Removed</h3>
<p>In previous versions of Excel, charts were limited to 32,000 data points per series (4,000 for 3-D charts). Excel 2010 has removed this limitation, with available memory now being the limit. Charts that reference more data points than were previously allowed will only display the first 32,000 data points per series in 2-D charts, and the first 4,000 data points per series in 3-D charts, when the workbook is opened in a version of Excel prior to Excel 2010.</p>
<h3 id="pivotchart-settings">PivotChart Settings</h3>
<p>Excel 2010 has the ability to show field controls directly on a PivotChart to enable filtering and moving fields, similar to the functionality that was in versions of Excel prior to Excel 2007. In contrast, Excel 2007 provided a modeless dialog which allowed you to pivot the chart but the inline controls proved to be a more intuitive way to do this which is why we moved back to this model.</p>
<p>When Excel 2010 workbooks containing PivotChart views are opened in versions of Excel prior to 2007, field controls will be displayed on the PivotChart based on their visibility in Excel 2010. Excel 2010 allows you to use the Show/Hide Field Buttons command to hide specific buttons on the chart or all at once. If any of the field controls were visible when the file was saved in Excel 2010, all of the controls will be visible when opened in the prior version of Excel. If all of the controls were hidden in Excel 2010, none of the controls will be displayed in the prior version of Excel. Excel 2007 will not display any field controls regardless of their state when saved in Excel 2010.</p>
<h2 id="custom-data-parts">Custom Data Parts</h2>
<p>Custom Data Parts enable the storage of custom data inside an Excel Workbook file without Excel having to understand the format or contents of the data. Custom Data Parts are snippets of XML which are stored inside the file and can be used to store custom data for that workbook. The data in Custom Data Parts is accessed via an OLEDB provider.</p>
<p>Designed by SQL Server’s Analysis Services team in collaboration with the Excel team, <span style="color:#4F81BD"><strong>PowerPivot for Excel 2010</strong></span>is a data analysis tool that can transform enormous quantities of data from virtually any source with incredible speed into meaningful information to get the answers they need in seconds. During the import process, a snapshot of all the data is imported into PowerPivot and stored in memory using a highly scalable engine. Saving the file will not only save any contents on the workbook but also all PowerPivot data. i.e. the PowerPivot data is stored as a Custom Data Part within the Excel workbook to simplify transport as well as remove the management overhead of managing separate database services.</p>
<h3 id="saving-custom-data-parts">Saving Custom Data Parts</h3>
<p>Custom Data Parts are not saved into the Excel 97-2003 workbook format. The Compatibility Checker will warn when Custom Data Parts are lost when saving. When saving to the newer Excel workbook formats, Custom Data Parts must be associated with a Data connection or Data Object (PivotTable, Cube Functions, etc.) to be saved with the file. For example, if you use PowerPivot to insert a PivotTable in your workbook that is connected to data in a Custom Data Part, and you then delete the PivotTable from the workbook, saving the workbook will remove the Custom Data Part if it is no longer referenced by anything.</p>
<p>Excel workbooks containing object referencing Custom Data Parts cannot be refreshed when opened in previous versions of Excel.</p>
<h2 id="alternative-text-properties">Alternative text properties</h2>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt">Excel 2010 now has the ability to add alternative text to Tables and PivotTable views for use in Accessibility applications. As with other new features in Excel 2010, the Alternative Text Properties will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<h1 id="chapter-5-additional-resources">Chapter 5: Additional Resources</h1>
<h4 id="selected-technical-articles-for-office-2010-development">Selected Technical Articles for Office 2010 Development</h4>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Introduction to the Office 2010 Backstage View for Developers</strong></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691833(office.14).aspx"><span style="color:#0000FF">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691833(office.14).aspx</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Ribbon Extensibility in Office 2010: Tab Activation and Auto-Scaling</strong></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691834(office.14).aspx"><span style="color:#0000FF">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691834(office.14).aspx</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Deploying a Customized Ribbon and Quick Access Toolbar in Office 2010</strong></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee704589(office.14).aspx"><span style="color:#0000FF">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee704589(office.14).aspx</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Customizing the Office 2010 Backstage View for Developers</strong></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee815851(office.14).aspx"><span style="color:#0000FF">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee815851(office.14).aspx</span></a></p>
<h4 id="compatibility-resources">Compatibility Resources</h4>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Office 2010 Resource Kit</strong></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc303401.aspx"><span style="color:#0000FF">http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc303401.aspx</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>Compatibility for Microsoft Office 2010</strong></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/office/ff460851.aspx#tab=1"><span style="color:#0000FF">http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/office/ff460851.aspx#tab=1</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><strong>2007 Migration Whitepaper</strong></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx"><span style="color:#0000FF; font-size:11pt">http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><span style="font-size:11pt"><strong>Office 2010 Tool: Compatibility Inspector</strong></span></p>
<p style="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:3pt; line-height:13pt"><a href="http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/info.aspx?na=47&amp;p=1&amp;SrcDisplayLang=en&amp;SrcCategoryId=&amp;SrcFamilyId=ea33f615-188d-464e-bc64-3ab06aa43961&amp;u=details.aspx%3ffamilyid%3d23C8A7F6-88B3-48EF-9710-9742340562C0%26displaylang%3den"><span style="color:#0000FF; font-size:11pt">http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/info.aspx?na=47&amp;p=1&amp;SrcDisplayLang=en&amp;SrcCategoryId=&amp;SrcFamilyId=ea33f615-188d-464e-bc64-3ab06aa43961&amp;u=details.aspx%3ffamilyid%3d23C8A7F6-88B3-48EF-9710-9742340562C0%26displaylang%3den</span></a></p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>Migrating to Microsoft Excel 2010</p>
<blockquote>
<p><em>The IT Professional’s Guide</em></p>
</blockquote>
<p>This document is provided “as-is”. Information and views expressed in
this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, may
change without notice. You bear the risk of using it.</p>
<p>Some examples depicted herein are provided for illustration only and
are fictitious.  No real association or connection is intended or should
be inferred.</p>
<p>This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any
intellectual property in any Microsoft product. You may copy and use
this document for your internal, reference purposes.</p>
<p>© 2010 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.</p>
<h1 id="executive-summary">Executive Summary</h1>
<p>Microsoft® Excel® 2010 is a robust program that differs in both
appearance and function from earlier versions. With the ECMA/ISO Office
Open XML File Formats, Business Intelligence functionality, and enhanced
visualization tools, the new Excel 2010 spreadsheet program provides a
comprehensive set of tools that empowers users to create and format
workbooks for analyzing and sharing information, leading to more
informed decisions than ever before.</p>
<p>While these changes are designed to improve the performance and
experience of the program, there will be times when users encounter
compatibility issues while working with workbooks that are created in
different versions of Excel. Microsoft has developed special features to
maximize compatibility and minimize any disruption to the workflow. Even
so, the scope of change is significant, and users will encounter
functional differences during migration.</p>
<p>This paper has been developed to aid in the migration process. Here
you will find descriptions of the primary functional differences and how
those variances might affect workbooks. This paper also explains some of
the more common issues that may arise during migration and offers
solutions where applicable. A similar paper, “<a
href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx">Migrating
to Office Excel 2007</a>” was written for Microsoft Office Excel 2007
and provides useful background content related to this paper. Additional
resources are provided in Chapter 6 to help diagnose any issues that are
not described in this paper.</p>
<h1 id="contents">Contents</h1>
<h1 class="TOC-Heading" id="contents-1">Contents</h1>
<h2 class="toc-1" id="executive-summary-ii"><a
href="#executive-summary">Executive Summary <span>ii</span></a></h2>
<h2 class="toc-1" id="contents-iii"><a href="#contents">Contents
<span>iii</span></a></h2>
<h2 class="toc-1" id="chapter-1-what-to-know-before-migration-v"><a
href="#chapter-1-what-to-know-before-migration">Chapter 1: What to Know
Before Migration <span>v</span></a></h2>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="excel-2007-2010-file-format-v"><a
href="#excel-2007-2010-file-format">Excel 2007-2010 File Format
<span>v</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2"
id="introducing-the-32-bit-and-64-bit-versions-of-microsoft-office-2010-v"><a
href="#introducing-the-32-bit-and-64-bit-versions-of-microsoft-office-2010">Introducing
the 32-bit and 64-bit Versions of Microsoft Office 2010
<span>v</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="file-and-solutions-compatibility-vi"><a
href="#file-and-solutions-compatibility">File and Solutions
Compatibility <span>vi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="deployment-considerations-vi"><a
href="#deployment-considerations">Deployment considerations
<span>vi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="conclusion-vii"><a href="#conclusion">Conclusion
<span>vii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="excel-97-2003-file-format-xls-vii"><a
href="#excel-97-2003-file-format-xls">Excel 97-2003 File Format (XLS)
<span>vii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="compatibility-tools-vii"><a
href="#compatibility-tools">Compatibility Tools
<span>vii</span></a></h3>
<h2 class="toc-1"
id="chapter-2-opening-excel-97-2003-workbooks-in-excel-2010-viii"><a
href="#chapter-2-opening-excel-97-2003-workbooks-in-excel-2010">Chapter
2: Opening Excel 97-2003 Workbooks in Excel 2010
<span>viii</span></a></h2>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="compatibility-tools-viii"><a
href="#compatibility-tools-1">Compatibility Tools
<span>viii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="compatibility-mode-viii"><a
href="#compatibility-mode">Compatibility Mode <span>viii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="compatibility-checker-x"><a
href="#compatibility-checker">Compatibility Checker
<span>x</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="feature-removal-x"><a
href="#feature-removal">Feature Removal <span>x</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="conditional-sum-and-lookup-wizard-add-ins-x"><a
href="#conditional-sum-and-lookup-wizard-add-ins">Conditional Sum and
Lookup Wizard Add-ins <span>x</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="additional-actions-smart-tags-xi"><a
href="#additional-actions-smart-tags">Additional Actions (Smart Tags)
<span>xi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="document-workspaces-xi"><a
href="#document-workspaces">Document Workspaces <span>xi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="pattern-fills-interface-back-in-excel-2010-xi"><a
href="#pattern-fills-interface-back-in-excel-2010">Pattern Fills
Interface: Back in Excel 2010 <span>xi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="pivottable-views-xi"><a
href="#pivottable-views">PivotTable views <span>xi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="office-art-xii"><a href="#office-art">Office Art
<span>xii</span></a></h3>
<h2 class="toc-1"
id="chapter-3-opening-excel-2007-workbooks-in-excel-2010-xiii"><a
href="#chapter-3-opening-excel-2007-workbooks-in-excel-2010">Chapter 3:
Opening Excel 2007 Workbooks in Excel 2010 <span>xiii</span></a></h2>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="pivotchart-views-xiii"><a
href="#pivotchart-views">PivotChart views <span>xiii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="shapes-xiii"><a href="#_Toc264643662">Shapes
<span>xiii</span></a></h3>
<h2 class="toc-1"
id="chapter-4-opening-excel-2010-workbooks-in-earlier-versions-of-excel-xiv"><a
href="#chapter-4-opening-excel-2010-workbooks-in-earlier-versions-of-excel">Chapter
4: Opening Excel 2010 Workbooks in Earlier Versions of Excel
<span>xiv</span></a></h2>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="excel-97-2003-file-format-xiv"><a
href="#excel-97-2003-file-format">Excel 97-2003 File Format
<span>xiv</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="conditional-formatting-xiv"><a
href="#conditional-formatting-1">Conditional Formatting
<span>xiv</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="cross-sheet-references-xv"><a
href="#cross-sheet-references">Cross-Sheet References
<span>xv</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="data-bars-xv"><a href="#data-bars">Data Bars
<span>xv</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="icon-sets-xvi"><a href="#icon-sets">Icon Sets
<span>xvi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="sparklines-xvi"><a href="#sparklines-1">Sparklines
<span>xvi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="data-validation-xvi"><a
href="#data-validation">Data Validation <span>xvi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="formulas-and-functions-xvi"><a
href="#formulas-and-functions">Formulas and Functions
<span>xvi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="new-icons-in-formula-autocomplete-xvii"><a
href="#new-icons-in-formula-autocomplete">New Icons in Formula
AutoComplete <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="new-limit-for-nonadjacent-cell-selection-xvii"><a
href="#new-limit-for-nonadjacent-cell-selection">New Limit for
nonadjacent cell selection <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="filtering-xvii"><a href="#filtering">Filtering
<span>xvii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="pivottable-views-xvii"><a
href="#pivottable-views-1">PivotTable views <span>xvii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="named-sets-xviii"><a href="#named-sets">Named Sets
<span>xviii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="enhanced-show-as-xviii"><a
href="#enhanced-show-as">Enhanced show as <span>xviii</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="repeating-labels-xix"><a
href="#repeating-labels">Repeating Labels <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="visual-totals-for-pivottable-and-sets-xix"><a
href="#visual-totals-for-pivottable-and-sets">Visual Totals for
PivotTable and Sets <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="pivottable-what-if-analysis-writeback-xix"><a
href="#pivottable-what-if-analysis-writeback">PivotTable What-if
Analysis (Writeback) <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="slicers-xix"><a href="#slicers-1">Slicers
<span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="slicers-and-the-excel-97-2003-format-xix"><a
href="#slicers-and-the-excel-97-2003-format">Slicers and the Excel
97-2003 format <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3"
id="slicers-with-current-excel-workbook-formats-xix"><a
href="#slicers-with-current-excel-workbook-formats">Slicers with current
Excel Workbook Formats <span>xix</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="charting-xx"><a href="#charting">Charting
<span>xx</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="data-points-in-a-series-limits-removed-xx"><a
href="#data-points-in-a-series-limits-removed">Data Points in a Series
Limits Removed <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="pivotchart-settings-xx"><a
href="#pivotchart-settings">PivotChart Settings <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="custom-data-parts-xx"><a
href="#custom-data-parts">Custom Data Parts <span>xx</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-3" id="saving-custom-data-parts-xxi"><a
href="#saving-custom-data-parts">Saving Custom Data Parts
<span>xxi</span></a></h3>
<h3 class="toc-2" id="alternative-text-properties-xxi"><a
href="#alternative-text-properties">Alternative text properties
<span>xxi</span></a></h3>
<h2 class="toc-1" id="chapter-5-additional-resources-xxi"><a
href="#chapter-5-additional-resources">Chapter 5: Additional Resources
<span>xxi</span></a></h2>
<h1 id="chapter-1-what-to-know-before-migration">Chapter 1: What to Know
Before Migration</h1>
<h2 id="excel-2007-2010-file-format">Excel 2007-2010 File Format</h2>
<p>Microsoft Excel 2010 uses the same ISO/ECMA Office Open XML format
that was introduced in Microsoft Office Word 2007, Microsoft Office
PowerPoint® 2007, and Office Excel 2007. Distinct from the binary-based
file format that has been a mainstay of past versions of the Microsoft
Office suites; the Open XML Formats are compact and robust file formats
that enable better data integration between documents and back-end
systems. The Office Open XML Format is an open standard developed by
ECMA International and later adopted in collaboration with many
technology vendors. The Office Open XML format has also been adopted as
IS-29500 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
The standard maximizes interoperability in a heterogeneous environment,
enabling technology providers to integrate the files created in the
Microsoft Office 2010 release into their solutions.</p>
<p>After the installation of Office 2010, users will still be able to
open, edit, and save workbooks that were generated in the earlier binary
file format. These workbooks can be converted to the Open XML Formats,
which will enable better interoperability among applications from
different vendors and make the Open XML Formats a better long-term
solution. To convert a workbook from an earlier format to the Open XML
Formats, use the <strong>Convert</strong> command: Click the
<strong>File tab,</strong> and on the <strong>Info tab,</strong> click
<strong>Convert</strong>.</p>
<p>Caution: Workbook Formula Links</p>
<p>Before your organization converts any existing workbooks to the Open
XML Formats, users should take into account any existing links between
workbooks. Because earlier versions of Excel cannot update links to
workbooks saved in the Open XML Formats, all linked workbooks should be
simultaneously converted.</p>
<h2
id="introducing-the-32-bit-and-64-bit-versions-of-microsoft-office-2010">Introducing
the 32-bit and 64-bit Versions of Microsoft Office 2010</h2>
<p>The Microsoft Office 2010 system is available in both 32-bit and
64-bit versions. The 64-bit version enables you to work with much larger
sets of data. This need is especially true when working with large
numbers in Excel 2010.</p>
<p>With the introduction of the new 64-bit version of Microsoft Office
2010, a new version of Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA),
known as Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications 7.0 (VBA 7), is being
released to work with both 32-bit and 64-bit applications.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> In a default installation of Office 2010, the
32-bit version is installed, even on 64-bit systems. You must
<em>explicitly</em> select the Office 2010 64-bit version installation
option.</p>
<h3 id="file-and-solutions-compatibility">File and Solutions
Compatibility</h3>
<h4 id="file-compatibility">File Compatibility</h4>
<p>Workbooks without embedded VBA are generally interchangeable between
32-bit and 64-bit. There’s no setting in the file marking it as a 64-bit
workbook. Your average, every day, smaller-sized workbooks will be fine
in both environments. However, with 64-bit Excel you will be able to
create workbooks that are too big for 32-bit Excel to open (you’ll hit
“out of memory” alerts before getting the file open completely). Note
that even prior to having a 64-bit version of Excel, I can create a
workbook using 32-bit Excel on a computer with more RAM that someone
else might have serious performance issues opening using the same 32-bit
Excel on a machine with less RAM . For example, performance issues could
be encountered if the workbook was created on a computer with 2GB of RAM
and opened on a computer with 1GB of RAM.</p>
<h4 id="running-solutions-on-64-bit-excel">Running Solutions on 64-Bit
Excel</h4>
<p>You might need to review your VBA code and make updates in order for
it to work correctly in 64-bit Excel. You may also need to have 64-bit
versions of any Microsoft ActiveX© controls, COM Add-ins, or XLLs if
these are used in your solutions.</p>
<h3 id="deployment-considerations">Deployment considerations</h3>
<p>Before you deploy 64-bit editions of Office 2010, you must evaluate
the advantages and disadvantages and determine whether it is an
appropriate deployment option for your specific environment. The
following sections highlight benefits and issues that might affect
compatibility. You can find additional information in the TechNet topic
<a
href="file:///C:\Users\chucked\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary%20Internet%20Files\Content.Outlook\DMSHKJCA\64-bit%20editions%20of%20Office%202010">64-bit
editions of Office 2010</a>.</p>
<p>A key consideration is that you cannot install native 64-bit Office
2010 on computers that have 32-bit Office applications and third-party
add-ins installed. You must uninstall the 32-bit Office applications and
add-ins before you can install 64-bit Office 2010. If you have 32-bit
third-party Office applications and add-ins that are required for users,
you can install the default option, which is 32-bit Office 2010 on
computers that run supported 64-bit editions of Windows</p>
<h4 id="advantages">Advantages</h4>
<p>Running Office 2010 64-bit provides the following advantages:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Ability to use additional memory, physical and virtual.</p></li>
<li><p>Excel 2010 can load much larger workbooks. Excel 2010 made
updates to use 64-bit memory addressing in order to move beyond the 2-GB
addressable memory boundary that limits 32-bit applications.</p></li>
<li><p>Enhanced default security protections through Hardware Data
Execution Prevention (DEP).</p></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="disadvantages">Disadvantages</h4>
<p>The following issues might affect compatibility:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>Visual Basic for Applications (VBA)</strong>   VBA code
that uses the <strong>Declare</strong> statement to access the Windows
application programming interface (API) or other DLL entry points will
see differences between 32-bit and 64-bit versions. The
<strong>Declare</strong> statement must be updated with the
<strong>PtrSafe</strong> attribute after inputs and outputs to the API
have been reviewed and updated. <strong>Declare</strong> statements will
not work in 64-bit VBA without the <strong>PtrSafe</strong> attribute.
New data types are added to 64-bit Office 2010 VBA:
<strong>LongLong</strong> and <strong>LongPtr</strong>. For more
information about VBA, see the “64-bit VBA Overview” and “Declare
Statement” articles in the Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications
online Help in Office applications.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>ActiveX controls and COM add-ins</strong>   ActiveX
controls and add-in (COM) dynamic link libraries (DLLs) that were
written for 32-bit Office will not work in a 64-bit process. As a
result, Office 2010 64-bit solutions that try to load 32-bit ActiveX
controls or DLLs will not work. Installations of 64-bit Office 2010 will
run only 64-bit controls. Computers can have 64-bit and 32-bit controls
installed, and Office 2010 64-bit can only run the 64-bit versions of
the controls. The workaround for resolving these issues is to obtain
64-bit compatible controls and add-ins or to install Office 2010 32-bit
(WOW).</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Graphics rendering</strong>   There are differences
between the 32-bit and 64-bit Graphics Device Interface (GDI) that might
have performance implications because of the lack of MMX support on
64-bit. Intel's MMX technology is an extension of the Intel architecture
(IA) instruction set. The technology uses a single-instruction,
multiple-data (SIMD) technique to speed up multimedia and communications
software by processing data elements in parallel.</p></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h3>
<p>The addition of a 64-bit version of Office 2010 lets you analyze
larger, more complex datasets. When writing 32-bit code, you can use the
64-bit version of Microsoft Office without any changes. However, when
you write 64-bit code, you should ensure that your code contains
specific keywords and conditional compilation constants to ensure that
the code is backward compatible with earlier versions of Microsoft
Office, and that the correct code is being executed if you mix 32-bit
and 64-bit code.</p>
<h2 id="excel-97-2003-file-format-xls">Excel 97-2003 File Format
(XLS)</h2>
<p>As described above, Excel 2010 uses an Open XML workbook format by
default. Beginning with Excel 2010, the older Excel 97-2003 file format
will no longer be updated to include support for new functionality. This
was not the case for past versions of Excel. For example, in Excel 2007,
Icon Sets (a new type of conditional formatting) were saved to the Excel
97-2003 file format. While Icon Sets were not displayed when the
workbook was opened in versions of Excel prior to 2007, there was no
loss of functionality when the file was re-opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<h3 id="compatibility-tools">Compatibility Tools</h3>
<p>Users may still have a need to share files with others using versions
of Excel prior to 2007. Given that new functionality will not be saved
to the Excel 97-2003 file format, several tools in Excel have been
enhanced to provide feedback that will aid in saving files to this
format.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Compatibility Mode (enabled when an Excel 97-2003 file is opened)
will disable the insertion of features not saved to the Excel 97-2003
file format.</p></li>
<li><p>Compatibility Checker will show details about objects in the
spreadsheet that are not saved to the Excel 97-3003 file
format.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Chapter 2 contains additional details about the Compatibility Tools
and their effect on the new features in Excel 2010.</p>
<h1 id="chapter-2-opening-excel-97-2003-workbooks-in-excel-2010">Chapter
2: Opening Excel 97-2003 Workbooks in Excel 2010</h1>
<p>Most of the features available in earlier versions of Excel will
still exist when a workbook is opened in Excel 2010. This chapter
describes features of earlier versions of Excel that are not available
beginning in Excel 2010, and it also explains how workbooks will behave
in the absence of such features. If you are migrating to Excel 2010 from
a version prior to Excel 2007, you should first read <a
href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx">Migrating
to Excel 2007</a> for a similar list of changes made in that release.
Because this chapter covers a number of topics, the information has been
divided into four categories: Compatibility Tools, Feature Removal,
PivotTable views, and Office Art.</p>
<h2 id="compatibility-tools-1">Compatibility Tools</h2>
<p>In Excel 2007, Microsoft developers engineered a number of
compatibility tools to aid those migrating documents and working with
documents in several file formats. The Compatibility Mode and
Compatibility Checker tools help to identify features and functionality
that behave differently to raise awareness and prevent loss of data when
moving between versions.</p>
<h3 id="compatibility-mode">Compatibility Mode</h3>
<p>Introduced in Excel 2007, Compatibility Mode effectively disables any
new features in Excel 2007 and Excel 2010 that are not compatible with
earlier versions of Excel. Compatibility Mode is tied to the Excel
97-2003 file format. For example, if a workbook opened in Excel 2010 is
running in Compatibility Mode, the larger grid size will be suppressed
so that users cannot enter data, formulas, or references outside the
smaller grid boundary of earlier versions of Excel. The Sparkline
feature added in Excel 2010 is another example of a feature that is
disabled while in Compatibility Mode.</p>
<p>Users that open a workbook saved in the Excel 97-2003 file format
(.xls) will note the workbook automatically functions in Compatibility
Mode. Similarly, when working with a new workbook destined for use in
earlier versions of Excel, users may turn on Compatibility Mode (by
saving the file in the Excel 97-2003 file format, and then closing and
re-opening the file) to prevent accidental use of functions and features
that are incompatible with the earlier versions of Excel. This is
critical for users that plan to share workbooks with others who have not
yet migrated to Excel 2007 or later.</p>
<p>When working in Compatibility Mode, users will still be able to work
with the Office Fluent user interface and have access to most of the
features in Excel. Only features that are incompatible and will not be
saved into the Excel 97-2003 file format—such as the larger grid
size—will be turned off for that particular workbook. Similarly, when a
new workbook is saved to the Excel 97–2003 file format, that workbook
will automatically be placed into Compatibility Mode the next time it is
opened.</p>
<h4 id="disabled-features-in-compatibility-mode">Disabled Features in
Compatibility Mode</h4>
<p>Chapter 1 of this document describes how features new to Excel 2010
will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 format. To aid people in
recognizing the features that are not saved in that format the interface
has been modified for the affected features. In general, the commands in
the interface for these features have been disabled and ScreenTips are
provided to indicate the reason for the disabled feature. Features that
were improved in Excel 2010 may have the new functionality enabled but
will have a ScreenTip that indicates the functionality will not be saved
in the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<h5 id="sparklines">Sparklines</h5>
<p>Sparklines are a new type of data visualization in Excel 2010. These
small, cell-size graphs are not saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.
Insertion of Sparklines is disabled in the interface.</p>
<h5 id="slicers">Slicers</h5>
<p>Slicers are a new feature in Excel 2010 that provide filtering for
PivotTable™ and PivotChart™ views and CUBE functions within the
workbook. Insertion of Slicers is disabled. If Slicers already exist in
the workbook they are not saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format and any
formulas that reference them will return a #NAME? error.</p>
<h5 id="conditional-formatting">Conditional Formatting</h5>
<p>Excel 2010 has a number of improvements in the area of Conditional
Formatting including Data Bars and Icon Sets. In general, the interface
for these improvements will be enabled in Compatibility Mode and
ScreenTips will indicate that the new functionality will not be saved in
the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<h5 id="new-pivot-features">New Pivot Features</h5>
<p>A number of the PivotTable improvements made in Excel 2010 will be
disabled while in Compatibility Mode to indicate that they will not be
saved to the Excel 97-2003 format. Those features include Named Sets,
What-If Analysis, and new Show Values As functions. The new Search
Filter will not be disabled because the feature is used to filter a
PivotTable field while running the application, not a setting that is
stored with the file.</p>
<h4 id="converting-workbooks">Converting Workbooks</h4>
<p>To exit Compatibility Mode and enable the disabled commands, convert
the workbook to one of the new file formats and then re-open the
workbook. This can be accomplished in one step using the
<strong>Convert</strong> command: Click the <strong>File tab</strong>
and on the <strong>Info Tab</strong>, click
<strong>Convert</strong>.</p>
<h3 id="compatibility-checker">Compatibility Checker</h3>
<p>By default, the Compatibility Checker will function automatically
when saving a workbook to the Excel 97-2003 file format, scanning for
features and characteristics that are not supported by earlier versions
of Excel. Users also have the option to disable the Compatibility
Checker so that it does not run automatically when saving the workbook
to an earlier file format.</p>
<p>The Compatibility Checker will identify two types of compatibility
issues: features that are retained but function differently in earlier
versions of Excel, and functions that are disabled in Compatibility Mode
and therefore not functional in earlier versions of Excel. These issues
will be displayed in a dialog box that allows the user to respond and
take action before any data or functions are lost. The Compatibility
Checker will list the issues identified in the workbook, summarize the
number of occurrences of each issue, identify tools to help locate the
issues, and provide additional help for the types of issues
identified.</p>
<h4 id="new-version-attribute-for-compatibility-checker">New “Version”
attribute for Compatibility Checker</h4>
<p>In Excel 2010, the Compatibility Checker has been improved to include
a version attribute for each of the issues listed in the Compatibility
Checker. Each issue will indicate whether it applies to Excel 97-2003,
Excel 2007 or both. The list may be filtered by version to show the
specified issues.</p>
<h2 id="feature-removal">Feature Removal</h2>
<p>Removing functionality in a product is never a decision that is made
lightly. We rarely remove functionality and strive for backwards
compatibility with every version. When we do make changes to
functionality that has been in the product we do so when we believe it
will be a benefit to the majority of our customers by helping us to make
forward progress.</p>
<h3 id="conditional-sum-and-lookup-wizard-add-ins">Conditional Sum and
Lookup Wizard Add-ins</h3>
<p>The following add-ins that were previously shipped with Excel are no
longer included in Excel 2010:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The Conditional Sum Wizard: Helps users create formulas that
calculated the sums of values that meet specified conditions.</p></li>
<li><p>The Lookup Wizard: Helps users create formulas that finds a value
at the intersection of a row and column by looking up specified
values.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>These add-ins are out of date, having been replaced by the function
wizard and with the introduction of several functions including SUMIF
and SUMIFS.</p>
<p>These wizards stepped people through the process of creating specific
types of formulas, with the result being a formula entered into a cell
in the worksheet. The formulas generated by these two wizards will
continue to work in Excel 2010 and can be edited using other
methods.</p>
<h3 id="additional-actions-smart-tags">Additional Actions (Smart
Tags)</h3>
<p>Text and Values are no longer automatically recognized by a smart tag
recognizer and will no longer display an indicator. Instead, users will
be able to trigger recognition and view actions associated with text by
right-clicking selected text and then clicking <strong>Additional
actions</strong> on the context menu. There are also changes to the
object model that may affect solutions that use Additional Actions. This
information will no longer be stored in the file and solutions will no
longer be able to programmatically manipulate actions attached to cell
text.</p>
<h3 id="document-workspaces">Document Workspaces</h3>
<p>The functionality to create and manage Document Workspaces has been
changed in Excel 2010. Document Workspaces provided the ability to work
with a local copy of a file and periodically update the local copy with
changes from the server or update the server with changes from the local
copy.</p>
<p>In Office 2010, SharePoint Workspaces will replace the previous
Document Workspaces functionality. The SharePoint Workspaces feature
will work without the need to create or manage the workspace from within
Excel. This provides the ability for users to continue editing a
document even when offline and automatically syncing these changes to
WSS on the next connection.</p>
<p>The SharedWorkspace Object Model will be deprecated. Existing macros
which utilize it will silently fail.</p>
<h3 id="pattern-fills-interface-back-in-excel-2010">Pattern Fills
Interface: Back in Excel 2010</h3>
<p>In Excel 2007 the pattern fills interface for shape objects was not
re-implemented for the new Office Art technology. Excel 2007 did allow
programmatic access to pattern fills. In Excel 2010, we have finished
implementing the feature, making the interface available once again.
Existing files will appear the same when loaded.</p>
<h2 id="pivottable-views">PivotTable views</h2>
<p>Many changes have been made to the architecture of PivotTable views
starting in Excel 2007 and continuing in Excel 2010. These changes will
allow users to do more with PivotTable views, but the changes may also
cause some problems when migrating from earlier versions of Excel.</p>
<p>To ensure a PivotTable remains whole and functional, the version
property of a PivotTable is completely separate from the version
property of Excel. PivotTable views in Excel 2010 will be version 14
(xlPivotTableVersion14). Whereas a PivotTable created in an earlier
version of Excel will have a different version number. For example, a
version 10 PivotTable (xlPivotTableVersion10) is created in either Excel
2002 or Excel 2003 and a version 12 PivotTable (xlPivotTableVersion12)
is created in Excel 2007.</p>
<p>When using Excel 2010, the version of the PivotTable will be
determined by whether the user is working in Compatibility Mode. If the
current workbook is in Compatibility Mode, new PivotTable views created
in that workbook will be version 10. When the current workbook is not in
Compatibility Mode, new PivotTable views will be version 14.</p>
<p>When the user saves a workbook in Compatibility Mode to one of the
new file formats, the PivotTable views in that workbook will be marked
for upgrade. When each PivotTable is refreshed, it will then be upgraded
to version 14 and new functionality will be enabled for that
PivotTable.</p>
<p>It is important to note that version 14 PivotTable views cannot be
downgraded to version 10, even when saving the workbook using an older
file format. This means that a version 14 PivotTable created in Excel
2010 may not be modified or refreshed when opened in an version of Excel
prior to 2007. However, the PivotTable will maintain all functionality
and may be modified or refreshed when re-opened in Excel 2010. If the
user plans to share PivotTable views with others using a version of
Excel prior to Excel 2007 <em>and</em> they need to refresh the
PivotTable views, it is important to make sure that these PivotTable
views are created as version 10 PivotTable views. The simplest way to do
this is by using Compatibility Mode. (Please refer to Compatibility Mode
in this chapter for more information.)</p>
<h2 id="office-art">Office Art</h2>
<p>Beginning in 2007 the applications in Office featured a new version
of shapes, with new formatting capabilities, a better user interface,
integration with new Microsoft Office styles and themes, and
compatibility with other features not present in earlier versions of
Office Art.</p>
<p>Upon opening an Excel 97-2003 workbook in Excel 2010, most of the
shapes within the workbook will be automatically converted to the newer
version of shapes. This enables users to take advantage of features
available in the Office Art Shape galleries.</p>
<p>There are a few exceptions to the automatic upgrade and in these
instances, Office Art Shapes will remain whole and usable in their
previous format. These features include: comments, dialog sheet
backgrounds, shapes used internally by Excel for various features (such
as filter drop-down lists, auditing and circular reference arrows, and
data validation ovals), ink annotations, header pictures, organization
charts, and older diagrams.</p>
<p>It is important to note that shapes drawn in earlier versions of
Excel that are not upgraded cannot be grouped with shapes drawn in Excel
2010, or with shapes that have been upgraded. As a result, when users
mix object types they will be layered, with the earlier version of
shapes drawn on top of all later version shapes. This also means that
charts (new version) cannot be shown on top of dialog sheets (old
version).</p>
<p>Although the charts will still be there, users will not be able to
view the charts layered underneath the dialog sheets. Using
<strong>Select Objects</strong>, users will only be able to access the
new shapes. In order to select shapes from an earlier version of Excel,
in Excel Options, you must add the <strong>Select Multiple
Objects</strong> command to your Ribbon or Quick Access Toolbar.</p>
<h1 id="chapter-3-opening-excel-2007-workbooks-in-excel-2010">Chapter 3:
Opening Excel 2007 Workbooks in Excel 2010</h1>
<p>Excel 2007 included many architectural changes such as support for
additional rows and columns and new file formats that had an impact on
migrating documents from previous versions of Excel. While Excel 2010
has many improvements, the changes have less of an impact when migrating
documents from Excel 2007. This chapter describes the changes when
opening Excel 2007 workbooks in Excel 2010.</p>
<h2 id="pivotchart-views">PivotChart views</h2>
<p>Excel 2010 has the ability to show field controls directly on a
PivotChart to enable filtering and moving fields, similar to the
functionality that was in versions of Excel prior to Excel 2007. In
contrast, Excel 2007 provided a modeless dialog which allowed you to
pivot the chart but the inline controls proved to be a more intuitive
way to do this which is why we moved back to this model.</p>
<p>When Excel 2007 workbooks containing PivotChart views are opened in
Excel 2010, field controls will be displayed on the PivotChart. Excel
2010 allows you to use the Show/Hide Field Buttons command to hide
specific buttons on the chart or all at once.</p>
<p><span id="_Toc264643662"
class="anchor"></span><strong>Shapes</strong></p>
<p>As described in Chapter 2, most of the shapes within a workbook are
converted to the new shape type that enable users to take advantage of
the features available in the Shape Style galleries.</p>
<p>In Excel 2007 there were a few exceptions to the automatic upgrade.
These features included: comments, forms controls (including dialog
sheet backgrounds), ActiveX objects, shapes used internally by Excel for
various features (such as filter drop-down lists, auditing and circular
reference arrows, and data validation ovals), OLE objects, camera tool
objects, ink annotations, header pictures, organization charts, and
older diagrams.</p>
<p>When opening Excel 2007 files in Excel 2010, forms controls, ActiveX
objects, OLE objects and camera tool objects are now also converted.</p>
<p>It is important to note that shapes drawn in earlier versions of
Excel that are not upgraded cannot be grouped with shapes drawn in Excel
2010, or with shapes that have been upgraded. Similarly, users will not
be able to select upgraded and non-upgraded charts at the same time. As
a result, when users mix object types they will be layered, with the
earlier version of shapes drawn on top of all later version shapes. This
also means that charts (new version) cannot be shown on top of dialog
sheets (old version).</p>
<p>Although the charts will still be there, users will not be able to
view the charts layered underneath the dialog sheets. Using
<strong>Select Objects</strong>, users will only be able to access the
new shapes. In order to select shapes from an earlier version of Excel,
in Excel Options, you must add the <strong>Select Multiple
Objects</strong> command to your Ribbon or Quick Access Toolbar.</p>
<h1
id="chapter-4-opening-excel-2010-workbooks-in-earlier-versions-of-excel">Chapter
4: Opening Excel 2010 Workbooks in Earlier Versions of Excel</h1>
<p>It is reasonable to expect that after migrating to Excel 2010, users
will continue to share workbooks with others that are still working with
earlier versions of Excel. The Excel workbook formats (XLSX, XLSB, XLSM)
in Excel 2010 are the same formats introduced in Excel 2007. Excel
workbooks saved in Excel 2010 can be opened directly in Excel 2007.</p>
<p>There are two ways to facilitate sharing files across versions of
Excel prior to Excel 2007: The Excel 2010 user can use the <strong>Save
As</strong> command to save the workbook in an earlier file format, or
Excel 2000–Excel 2003 users can download the Compatibility Pack to open
a workbook saved in the Excel 2007–2010 file format. Download the <a
href="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=78517&amp;clcid=0x409">Compatibility
Pack</a> from the Microsoft Web site
(http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=78517&amp;clcid=0x409).</p>
<p>The workbook will behave the same whether the file is saved as an
Excel 97-2003 workbook or whether the user opens it with the
Compatibility Pack. It should be noted, however, that some of the
features, functions, and data entered in an Excel 2010 workbook may not
be visible or usable in earlier versions of Excel. Users can expect the
following issues to arise when opening an Excel 2010 workbook in earlier
versions of Excel.</p>
<h2 id="excel-97-2003-file-format">Excel 97-2003 File Format</h2>
<p>As described in Chapter 1 &amp; 2, features new to Excel 2010 will
not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format and in general these
features are disabled when in Compatibility Mode.</p>
<h2 id="conditional-formatting-1">Conditional Formatting</h2>
<p>In Excel 2010 there are additional improvements to Conditional
Formatting including new data bar visualizations, additional Icon Set
combinations as well as the ability to reference values on worksheets
other than the one that conditional formatting is displayed on. When
workbooks with conditional formatting are opened in earlier versions of
Excel, some of the visualizations simply will not be visible; and others
may appear slightly different, when the new feature is not available.
For example, Data Bars created in Excel 2010 can have a solid fill. When
a file with Data Bars of this type is opened in Excel 2007, the Data
Bars will be visible, but a gradient fill will be substituted for the
solid fill.</p>
<h3 id="cross-sheet-references">Cross-Sheet References</h3>
<p>In Excel 2010, you can create conditional formatting with references
to a different sheet in the same workbook. This means that you no longer
need to copy or link your data to the same sheet when using conditional
formatting. This applies to all type of conditional formatting including
Data Bars and Icon Sets. Conditional formats that use cross-sheet
references will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.
Conditional formats of this type will be saved to the newer Excel
workbook formats, but the conditional formatting will not be shown when
opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<h3 id="data-bars">Data Bars</h3>
<p>Data bars are a type of conditional formatting that was introduced in
Excel 2007. Excel draws a bar in each cell with the length based on the
value of cell relative to the other cells in the selected range. Data
Bars are a great way to spot trends and outliers in your data. In Excel
2010, several improvements have been made to data bars which make them
an even better choice for your data analysis.</p>
<h4 id="proportional-data-bar-lengths">Proportional Data Bar
Lengths</h4>
<p>In Excel 2007, Data Bars by default used the Lowest Value and Highest
Value in the Data Bar group to determine the Data Bar length and filled
10% of the cell with the shortest bar and 90% with the longest bar. This
method is good for quickly finding outliers, but can be misleading for
some data sets. Data Bars do not exist in version of Excel prior to 2007
and will not be displayed when workbooks containing them are opened in
these versions.</p>
<h5 id="bar-length-type">Bar Length Type</h5>
<p>In Excel 2010, Data Bars default to a new Automatic setting for Type
that uses the minimum of zero or the lowest negative value in the data
set. Data Bars using this automatic setting will be changed to use
Lowest Value and Highest Value opened in Excel 2007. This may change the
appearance of the Data Bars depending on the data set being used. Saving
Data Bars to the Excel 97-2003 format will also convert them to use the
Lowest and Highest Value settings as in Excel 2007.</p>
<h5 id="minimum-and-maximum-bar-lengths">Minimum and Maximum Bar
Lengths</h5>
<p>Excel 2010 changed the length of the minimum and maximum bar lengths
from 10% to 0% and from 90% to 100%. These settings were available for
Data Bars using the Object Model in Excel 2007 and will be respected
when files containing Data Bars are opened in Excel 2007. Similarly,
these settings are stored when saving to the Excel 97-2003 format.</p>
<h4 id="formatting-options-solid-fills-and-borders">Formatting Options –
Solid Fills and Borders</h4>
<p>Excel 2010 now has the ability to create Data Bars with different
formatting, including Solid Fills in addition to Gradient Fills as well
as the ability to add Borders. Data Bars with formatting of this type
will be show using a Gradient Fill when opened in Excel 2007. Solid
Fills and Borders for Data Bars will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003
file format.</p>
<h4 id="negative-value-data-bars">Negative Value Data Bars</h4>
<p>In Excel 2010, we have introduced negative value data bars which can
help analyze trends when negative values are involved. By default, we
position the axis in the cell so that a small negative value will not
occupy half the cell lengths when bigger positives values are also in
the range. If you prefer, we let you position the axis in the center of
the cell. Negative Value Data Bars will be displayed as regular Data
Bars when opened in Excel 2007</p>
<h3 id="icon-sets">Icon Sets</h3>
<p>Excel 2007 introduced a new type of visual conditional formatting
called Icon Sets. Excel draws an icon in each cell representing the
value of the cell relative to the other cells in the selected range.
Excel 2010 now offers more flexibility, allowing the icons in different
sets to be combined and the ability to only show some of the icons in a
group of cells formatted with Icon Sets. These new Custom Icon Sets that
can be created in Excel 2010 will not be displayed when opened in Excel
2007. Custom Icon Sets will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file
format.</p>
<h2 id="sparklines-1">Sparklines</h2>
<p>In Excel 2010 we’ve added a new type of data visualization,
Sparklines. Sparklines are small, cell-sized charts that are placed
within cells, next to your data to show information about a lot of data
at a glance. As with the other new features in Excel 2010, Sparklines
will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format and inserting
Sparklines will be disabled in Compatibility Mode. Sparklines will be
saved to the new Excel workbook formats but will not be shown when Excel
workbooks are opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<h2 id="data-validation">Data Validation</h2>
<p>Data Validation in Excel 2010 has been improved to allow cross sheet
references, similar to Conditional Formatting. Data Validation that uses
cross-sheet references will not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file
format. Data validation of this type will be saved to the newer Excel
workbook formats, but will not be shown when opened in Excel 2007.</p>
<h2 id="formulas-and-functions">Formulas and Functions</h2>
<p>In Excel 2010, a number of new worksheet functions have been added.
These functions when used in formulas will return a #NAME! error when
files containing them are opened in previous versions of Excel,
consistent with the way that any new or un-recognized function is
treated. These functions will also have the string, “xlfn_” preceding
the function name when opened in previous versions of Excel to identify
it and to prevent it from conflicting with any user-defined functions
that may be present. For example, T.DIST.RT will become xlfn_T.DIST.RT
when viewed in previous versions of Excel.</p>
<h3 id="new-icons-in-formula-autocomplete">New Icons in Formula
AutoComplete</h3>
<p>As a result of the changes we’ve made to improve the consistency of
Excel’s function library, we have introduced a whole new set of
functions. Often these new functions look very similar to functions that
existed in Excel 2007 and earlier, except with more accurate and
consistent names. For example, in Excel 2007 we have the FDIST function
and in Excel 2010 we introduced the F.DIST.RT function which has
equivalent functionality, but it has a more appropriate function name.
We want to promote the use of the Excel 2010 version of the functions.
With accurate and consistent names, spreadsheets will be easier to debug
and it will also be easier to teach functions to new users. To help
users distinguish between the new and old versions of a function, we
created a new function category called compatibility functions.
Compatibility functions can be used so that workbooks remain compatible
with earlier versions of Excel.</p>
<p>The concept of compatibility functions comes into play in the Formula
AutoComplete. Once a user starts typing =, and the name of the function,
the AutoComplete list provides suggestions as to what function the user
may want. Compatibility functions appear at the end of the AutoComplete
list even if alphabetically they should be higher on the list, since we
want to make it easier for users to access the new functions. We know
that some users will still want to use the compatibility functions and
felt it was a good idea they remain visible in AutoComplete. You’ll also
see a new icon to the left of compatibility functions in the
AutoComplete list to differentiate them from other functions.</p>
<h3 id="new-limit-for-nonadjacent-cell-selection">New Limit for
nonadjacent cell selection</h3>
<p>In Excel 2010 there is a new limit to the number of separate ranges
that can be selected or referred to simultaneously. An example of a
nonadjacent selection is when you select a cell range, hold CTRL, and
then select a subsequent range. In Excel 2010 this limit has now been
extended to 8k or 8192 separate ranges. These types of selections will
not be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Opening files with
selections or references of this type in Excel 2010 will produce
different results. For example, selecting 5000 separate ranges and
saving the file with this as the active selection will change the
current selection to be just the single active cell when opened in Excel
2007. The Compatibility Checker (see Chapter 2) can provide a warning if
the previous limit has been exceeded.</p>
<h2 id="filtering">Filtering</h2>
<p>In Excel 2010, there have been a number of improvements to filtering
for Tables, PivotTable and PivotChart views. Tables, PivotTable and
PivotChart views now have a new search functionality that easily enables
you to find what you need and then filter and repeat. This results in a
faster and more efficient way of navigating those enormous data sets.
Another improvement is that text filters are no longer limited to 256
characters. In general, filters created using the search mechanism will
produce similar results in earlier versions of Excel, with one
exception. Only filters created in Excel 2010 that are greater than 256
characters will behave differently in earlier versions of Excel. These
filters are discarded and when the associated object is updated, it may
filter differently.</p>
<h2 id="pivottable-views-1">PivotTable views</h2>
<p>Chapter 2 of this document describes in detail how PivotTable views
have a version number associated with them. A PivotTable created while
not in Compatibility Mode will have the same general appearance when
opened in Excel versions prior to 2007 but will be static (not
refreshable). A PivotTable created in Compatibility mode will function
in previous versions of Excel but may change appearance after being
refreshed. Additional information is provided below for each of the new
PivotTable features introduced in Excel 2010.</p>
<h3 id="named-sets">Named Sets</h3>
<p>When working with a PivotTable, you often come across scenarios where
you want to work with the same set of items from the data over and over
again. Named Sets are a very flexible tool that allows users to do a lot
more than just create a re-usable group of items for a PivotTable. With
Named Sets in Excel 2010 you can:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Create simple, re-usable, groupings of common sets of items for
re-use in a PivotTable—even when those sets are not present in the
data.</p></li>
<li><p>Create a PivotTable that combine items from different hierarchies
in ways that otherwise wouldn’t be possible (what is sometimes called
“asymmetric reporting”).</p></li>
<li><p>Create a PivotTable based on your own custom MDX.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>You may be saying to yourself “haven’t I used Named Sets in Excel
before?” Well, Excel has allowed you to access some Named Sets that
exist on an OLAP data source for a number of versions. In fact, you
could even create Named Sets using the Excel object model in previous
versions of Excel, so long as you could figure out how to do so, write
MDX for the set, and so long as your set was one that previous versions
of Excel could support. The named set consisted only of members from a
single hierarchy and was not dynamic.</p>
<h4 id="saving-named-sets">Saving Named Sets</h4>
<p>Only the subset of Named Sets that was supported in previous versions
of Excel will be saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. Viewing a
PivotTable with Named Sets in previous versions of Excel will appear
similar when opened, but may produce different results after refreshing
the PivotTable.</p>
<h3 id="enhanced-show-as">Enhanced show as</h3>
<p>Excel 2010 also has introduced 6 new calculations for the “Show
Values As” feature:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>% of Parent Row Total / % of Parent Column
Total:</strong> These calculations display all the values in each column
or row as a percentage of the total for the column or row.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>% of Parent Total:</strong> This calculation displays a
value as a percentage of the parent item value of a chosen base field.
We can choose a base field that serves as a starting point for the
calculation.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>% Running Total in:</strong> This calculation displays a
value as a running total percentage for a chosen base field.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Rank Smallest to Largest / Rank Largest to
Smallest:</strong> Gives us the ability to assign a ranked number based
on the field the calculation is applied to. I would want to do this in
cases where I am interested in finding out where my largest or smallest
values are.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>When saving a workbook with these new calculations to the Excel
97-2003 workbook format, these custom outputs will not be saved, and
will be replaced by the original values from the data source. Viewing a
PivotTable with new calculations in previous versions of Excel will
appear similar when opened, but may produce different results after
refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<h3 id="repeating-labels">Repeating Labels</h3>
<p>In Excel 2010 a new Repeating Labels feature has been added for
PivotTable views. Repeating labels in a PivotTable is the ability to
show the item captions of outer nested fields in all rows/columns.
Viewing a PivotTable with Repeating Labels in previous versions of Excel
will appear similar when opened, but may produce different results after
refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<h3 id="visual-totals-for-pivottable-and-sets">Visual Totals for
PivotTable and Sets</h3>
<p>In Excel 2010 we have added some visual total settings in PivotTable
options. Visual Totals refer to how displayed totals calculate when one
or more members are filtered. In the case of Visual Totals being ON all
my totals will reflect the aggregation of only the members present and
visible in the PivotTable at that time. In the case of having Visual
Totals OFF all filtered items will also count towards the aggregation of
totals. Viewing a PivotTable with Visual Totals in previous versions of
Excel will appear similar when opened, but may produce different results
after refreshing the PivotTable.</p>
<h3 id="pivottable-what-if-analysis-writeback">PivotTable What-if
Analysis (Writeback)</h3>
<p>When thinking of Excel as an OLAP analytical tool the first thing
that usually comes to mind is the ability to quickly and easily analyze
data from an OLAP data source. With the introduction of PivotTable
What-If Analysis in Excel 2010 you can now easily modify this data as
well. PivotTable What-If Analysis is the ability to modify values in
PivotTable cells, recalculate the PivotTable with those values and, if
the results are satisfactory, publish the changes so that they are
reflected in the OLAP data source for other people to see.</p>
<h4 id="saving-what-if-analysis">Saving What-if Analysis</h4>
<p>If you modify the values within a PivotTable using What-if Analysis
and save the workbook to the Excel 97-2003 format, the values will be
persisted but as with all version 14 PivotTable views, the PivotTable
will be static when reopened. Modified values opened in Excel 2007 will
be unchanged until the PivotTable is refreshed, at which point the
original values from the cube will replace the modified values.</p>
<h2 id="slicers-1">Slicers</h2>
<p>New to Excel 2010 are slicers, which are visual controls that allow
you to quickly and easily filter your data in an interactive way. They
float above the grid, like charts and shapes. A Slicer acts like a
report filter, so you can connect it to a PivotTable, PivotChart, or
CUBE function to create an interactive report.</p>
<h3 id="slicers-and-the-excel-97-2003-format">Slicers and the Excel
97-2003 format</h3>
<p>As with most other new features in Excel 2010, Slicers will not be
saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format. When saving to this format, the
compatibility checker will warn that Slicers will not be saved and any
references to them will return a #REF error. Insertion of Slicers is
disabled while in Compatibility Mode.</p>
<h3 id="slicers-with-current-excel-workbook-formats">Slicers with
current Excel Workbook Formats </h3>
<p>Slicers will be included when saving to the Excel Workbook formats.
If you open such a file in an earlier version of Excel, either directly
in the case of Excel 2007 or using the Compatibility Pack in earlier
versions, a text box indicating the location of the Slicer will be
displayed in place of the Slicer object. Some operations in previous
versions of Excel may cause a Slicer to be disconnected from its data
source or removed. Slicers disconnected in this way may be re-connected
when re-opened in Excel 2010.</p>
<h2 id="charting">Charting</h2>
<p>With the Office 2007 release, charting became part of a shared
Microsoft Office drawing layer. In Excel 2010 there are only a few
charting issues that may affect migration.</p>
<h3 id="data-points-in-a-series-limits-removed">Data Points in a Series
Limits Removed</h3>
<p>In previous versions of Excel, charts were limited to 32,000 data
points per series (4,000 for 3-D charts). Excel 2010 has removed this
limitation, with available memory now being the limit. Charts that
reference more data points than were previously allowed will only
display the first 32,000 data points per series in 2-D charts, and the
first 4,000 data points per series in 3-D charts, when the workbook is
opened in a version of Excel prior to Excel 2010.</p>
<h3 id="pivotchart-settings">PivotChart Settings</h3>
<p>Excel 2010 has the ability to show field controls directly on a
PivotChart to enable filtering and moving fields, similar to the
functionality that was in versions of Excel prior to Excel 2007. In
contrast, Excel 2007 provided a modeless dialog which allowed you to
pivot the chart but the inline controls proved to be a more intuitive
way to do this which is why we moved back to this model.</p>
<p>When Excel 2010 workbooks containing PivotChart views are opened in
versions of Excel prior to 2007, field controls will be displayed on the
PivotChart based on their visibility in Excel 2010. Excel 2010 allows
you to use the Show/Hide Field Buttons command to hide specific buttons
on the chart or all at once. If any of the field controls were visible
when the file was saved in Excel 2010, all of the controls will be
visible when opened in the prior version of Excel. If all of the
controls were hidden in Excel 2010, none of the controls will be
displayed in the prior version of Excel. Excel 2007 will not display any
field controls regardless of their state when saved in Excel 2010.</p>
<h2 id="custom-data-parts">Custom Data Parts</h2>
<p>Custom Data Parts enable the storage of custom data inside an Excel
Workbook file without Excel having to understand the format or contents
of the data. Custom Data Parts are snippets of XML which are stored
inside the file and can be used to store custom data for that workbook.
The data in Custom Data Parts is accessed via an OLEDB provider.</p>
<p>Designed by SQL Server’s Analysis Services team in collaboration with
the Excel team, <strong>PowerPivot for Excel 2010</strong> is a data
analysis tool that can transform enormous quantities of data from
virtually any source with incredible speed into meaningful information
to get the answers they need in seconds. During the import process, a
snapshot of all the data is imported into PowerPivot and stored in
memory using a highly scalable engine. Saving the file will not only
save any contents on the workbook but also all PowerPivot data. i.e. the
PowerPivot data is stored as a Custom Data Part within the Excel
workbook to simplify transport as well as remove the management overhead
of managing separate database services.</p>
<h3 id="saving-custom-data-parts">Saving Custom Data Parts</h3>
<p>Custom Data Parts are not saved into the Excel 97-2003 workbook
format. The Compatibility Checker will warn when Custom Data Parts are
lost when saving. When saving to the newer Excel workbook formats,
Custom Data Parts must be associated with a Data connection or Data
Object (PivotTable, Cube Functions, etc.) to be saved with the file. For
example, if you use PowerPivot to insert a PivotTable in your workbook
that is connected to data in a Custom Data Part, and you then delete the
PivotTable from the workbook, saving the workbook will remove the Custom
Data Part if it is no longer referenced by anything.</p>
<p>Excel workbooks containing object referencing Custom Data Parts
cannot be refreshed when opened in previous versions of Excel.</p>
<h2 id="alternative-text-properties">Alternative text properties</h2>
<p>Excel 2010 now has the ability to add alternative text to Tables and
PivotTable views for use in Accessibility applications. As with other
new features in Excel 2010, the Alternative Text Properties will not be
saved to the Excel 97-2003 file format.</p>
<h1 id="chapter-5-additional-resources">Chapter 5: Additional
Resources</h1>
<h4
id="selected-technical-articles-for-office-2010-development">Selected
Technical Articles for Office 2010 Development</h4>
<p><strong>Introduction to the Office 2010 Backstage View for
Developers</strong></p>
<p><a
href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691833(office.14).aspx">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691833(office.14).aspx</a></p>
<p><strong>Ribbon Extensibility in Office 2010: Tab Activation and
Auto-Scaling</strong></p>
<p><a
href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691834(office.14).aspx">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691834(office.14).aspx</a></p>
<p><strong>Deploying a Customized Ribbon and Quick Access Toolbar in
Office 2010</strong></p>
<p><a
href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee704589(office.14).aspx">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee704589(office.14).aspx</a></p>
<p><strong>Customizing the Office 2010 Backstage View for
Developers</strong></p>
<p><a
href="http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee815851(office.14).aspx">http://msdnstage.redmond.corp.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee815851(office.14).aspx</a></p>
<h4 id="compatibility-resources">Compatibility Resources</h4>
<p><strong>Office 2010 Resource Kit</strong></p>
<p><a
href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc303401.aspx">http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc303401.aspx</a></p>
<p><strong>Compatibility for Microsoft Office 2010</strong></p>
<p><a
href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/office/ff460851.aspx#tab=1">http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/office/ff460851.aspx#tab=1</a></p>
<p><strong>2007 Migration Whitepaper</strong></p>
<p><a
href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx">http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179206.aspx</a></p>
<p><strong>Office 2010 Tool: Compatibility Inspector</strong></p>
<p><a
href="http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/info.aspx?na=47&amp;p=1&amp;SrcDisplayLang=en&amp;SrcCategoryId=&amp;SrcFamilyId=ea33f615-188d-464e-bc64-3ab06aa43961&amp;u=details.aspx%3ffamilyid%3d23C8A7F6-88B3-48EF-9710-9742340562C0%26displaylang%3den">http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/info.aspx?na=47&amp;p=1&amp;SrcDisplayLang=en&amp;SrcCategoryId=&amp;SrcFamilyId=ea33f615-188d-464e-bc64-3ab06aa43961&amp;u=details.aspx%3ffamilyid%3d23C8A7F6-88B3-48EF-9710-9742340562C0%26displaylang%3den</a></p>
</body></html>
Bounded DOCX package reader parses document.xml, styles, numbering levels/start/style/delimiter attributes, relationships, notes/comments, headers/footers, media references, bookmarks, simple reference fields, OMML equations, and core properties into the shared AST. Full DOCX parity remains open.

dokuwiki

1 sample

DokuWiki import packet

512 bytes | Feature-rich DokuWiki input with inline styles, links, an embedded image, nested lists, a table, and a code block.

====== DokuWiki import packet ======

This paragraph has **strong text**, //emphasis//, __underline__, ''literal code'', and [[https://example.org|an external link]].

{{data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mP8/x8AAusB9Y9JJR0AAAAASUVORK5CYII=?240x120|Hosted import diagram}}

  * Review the converted page
    * Confirm the nested item
  - Publish the result

^ Source ^ Status ^
| DokuWiki | Imported |
| WordPress | Blocks |

<code php>
echo 'portable import';
</code>

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>DokuWiki import packet</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This paragraph has <strong>strong text</strong>, <em>emphasis</em>, <u>underline</u>, <code>literal code</code>, and <a href="https://example.org">an external link</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" alt="Hosted import diagram" width="240" height="120" data-pandoc-media-source="data-uri:sha1:bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="data-uri:sha1:bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-original-path="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-path="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="68" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="data-uri" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="data-uri-hash-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="application/octet-stream" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="data-uri-mime"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Review the converted page<ul><li>Confirm the nested item</li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Publish the result</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Source</th><th>Status</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>DokuWiki</td><td>Imported</td></tr><tr><td>WordPress</td><td>Blocks</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"php"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-php">echo &#039;portable import&#039;;
</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>DokuWiki import packet</h1>
<p>This paragraph has <strong>strong text</strong>, <em>emphasis</em>, <u>underline</u>, <code>literal code</code>, and <a href="https://example.org">an external link</a>.</p>
<p><img src="media/bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" alt="Hosted import diagram" width="240" height="120" query="?240x120" data-pandoc-media-source="data-uri:sha1:bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="data-uri:sha1:bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-original-path="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-path="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="68" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="data-uri" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="data-uri-hash-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="application/octet-stream" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="data-uri-mime" /></p>
<ul>
<li>Review the converted page
<ul>
<li>Confirm the nested item</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>Publish the result</li>
</ol>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Source</th><th>Status</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>DokuWiki</td><td>Imported</td></tr>
<tr><td>WordPress</td><td>Blocks</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<pre class="php"><code>echo &#039;portable import&#039;;
</code></pre></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>DokuWiki import packet</h1>
<p>This paragraph has <strong>strong text</strong>, <em>emphasis</em>,
<u>underline</u>, <code>literal code</code>, and <a
href="https://example.org">an external link</a>.</p>
<p><img
src="/data/image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mP8/x8AAusB9Y9JJR0AAAAASUVORK5CYII="
data-query="?240x120" width="240" height="120"
alt="Hosted import diagram" /></p>
<ul>
<li>Review the converted page
<ul>
<li>Confirm the nested item</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>Publish the result</li>
</ol>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Source</th>
<th>Status</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>DokuWiki</td>
<td>Imported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>WordPress</td>
<td>Blocks</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre
class="sourceCode php"><code class="sourceCode php"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">echo</span> <span class="st">&#39;portable import&#39;</span><span class="ot">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
</body></html>
Bounded DokuWiki reader maps headings, paragraphs, core inline styles, links, images, lists, tables, and code/file blocks into the shared AST. Full DokuWiki reader parity remains open.

endnotexml

2 samples

EndNote XML reader fixture

6613 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at test/endnotexml-reader.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xml>
  <records>
    <record>
      <database name="EndNote Ecology.enl"
      path="/Users/LowDecarie/Dropbox/Meta presentation of stats/Data/EndNote Ecology.enl">
      EndNote Ecology.enl</database>
      <source-app name="EndNote" version="15.0">
      EndNote</source-app>
      <rec-number>13264</rec-number>
      <foreign-keys>
        <key app="EN" db-id="0xxzez5ectezp7e9zrnxp0dq5zrafepwxfe2">
        13264</key>
      </foreign-keys>
      <ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type>
      <contributors>
        <authors>
          <author>
            <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
            Chapman, A. G.</style>
          </author>
        </authors>
      </contributors>
      <auth-address>
        <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cent States
        Forest Expt Stn, Columbus, OH USA</style>
      </auth-address>
      <titles>
        <title>
          <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An
          ecological basis for reforestation of submariginal lands
          in the Central Hardwood Region</style>
        </title>
        <secondary-title>
          <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
          Ecology</style>
        </secondary-title>
        <alt-title>
          <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
          Ecology</style>
        </alt-title>
      </titles>
      <periodical>
        <full-title>
          <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
          Ecology</style>
        </full-title>
        <abbr-1>
          <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
          Ecology</style>
        </abbr-1>
      </periodical>
      <alt-periodical>
        <full-title>
          <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
          Ecology</style>
        </full-title>
        <abbr-1>
          <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
          Ecology</style>
        </abbr-1>
      </alt-periodical>
      <pages>
        <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
        93-105</style>
      </pages>
      <volume>
        <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style>
      </volume>
      <number>
        <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style>
      </number>
      <dates>
        <year>
          <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
          1937</style>
        </year>
        <pub-dates>
          <date>
            <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">
...

Download original file

Bibliography XML fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Chapman 1937</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Chapman, A. G. An ecological basis for reforestation of submariginal lands in the Central Hardwood Region. Ecology. Journal abbreviation: Ecology. Vol. 18, no. 1. 1937. 93-105. Note: V02fg Times Cited:5 Cited References Count:2. &lt;Go to ISI&gt;://000200148800007.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Strohecker 1937</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Strohecker, H. F. A survey of soil temperatures in the Chicago area. Ecology. Journal abbreviation: Ecology. Vol. 18, no. 1. 1937. 162-168. Note: V02fg Times Cited:5 Cited References Count:14. &lt;Go to ISI&gt;://000200148800014.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><dl>
<dt>Chapman 1937</dt>
<dd>
<p>Chapman, A. G. An ecological basis for reforestation of submariginal lands in the Central Hardwood Region. Ecology. Journal abbreviation: Ecology. Vol. 18, no. 1. 1937. 93-105. Note: V02fg Times Cited:5 Cited References Count:2. &lt;Go to ISI&gt;://000200148800007.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Strohecker 1937</dt>
<dd>
<p>Strohecker, H. F. A survey of soil temperatures in the Chicago area. Ecology. Journal abbreviation: Ecology. Vol. 18, no. 1. 1937. 162-168. Note: V02fg Times Cited:5 Cited References Count:14. &lt;Go to ISI&gt;://000200148800014.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc Citeproc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent"
role="list">
<div id="ref-13264" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Chapman, A. G. 1937. <span>“An ecological Basis for Reforestation of
Submariginal Lands in the Central Hardwood Region.”</span>
<em>Ecology</em> 18: 1.
</div>
<div id="ref-13265" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Strohecker, H. F. 1937. <span>“A Survey of Soil Temperatures in the
Chicago Area.”</span> <em>Ecology</em> 18: 1.
</div>
</div>
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EndNote XML book record

314 bytes | Inline EndNote XML record for a real published book.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xml><records><record><ref-type name="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Knuth, Donald E.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The TeXbook</title></titles><dates><year>1984</year></dates><publisher>Addison-Wesley</publisher></record></records></xml>

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WP blocksok
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<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Knuth 1984</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Knuth, Donald E. The TeXbook. Addison-Wesley, 1984.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><dl>
<dt>Knuth 1984</dt>
<dd>
<p>Knuth, Donald E. The TeXbook. Addison-Wesley, 1984.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc Citeproc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent"
role="list">
<div id="ref-" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Knuth, Donald E. 1984. <em>The TeXbook</em>. Addison-Wesley.
</div>
</div>
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epub

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EPUB book fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/wasteland-cover.jpg" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="wasteland-cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="wasteland-cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="wasteland-cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="wasteland-cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/wasteland-cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="16586" data-pandoc-media-sha1="3ba2d518c74e9652b0aed25e390f9d6974360132" data-pandoc-media-source-path="wasteland-cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="090d8d179cb148b561e30537a30f77247ad4958a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<p><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml"></span></p>
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<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_frontmatter" class="wp-block-group section frontmatter"></div>
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<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_bodymatter" class="wp-block-group section bodymatter">
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<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ch1" class="wp-block-group section">
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<h2>I. THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="linegroup">April is the cruellest month, breeding<br/>Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing<br/>Memory and desire, stirring<br/>Dull roots with spring rain.<br/>Winter kept us warm, covering<br/>Earth in forgetful snow, feeding<br/>A little life with dried tubers.<br/>Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee<br/>With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade,<br/>And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten,<span class="lnum">10</span><br/>And drank coffee, and talked for an hour.<br/><span lang="de">Bin gar keine Russin, stamm&#039; aus Litauen, echt
deutsch.</span><br/>And when we were children, staying at the archduke&#039;s,<br/>My cousin&#039;s, he took me out on a sled,<br/>And I was frightened. He said, Marie,<br/>Marie, hold on tight. And down we went.<br/>In the mountains, there you feel free.<br/>I read, much of the night, and go south in the winter.</p>
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<div class="wp-block-group linegroup">
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<p>What are the roots that clutch, what branches grow<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln20">Out of this stony rubbish? Son of man,<sup id="fnref-1"><a href="#fn-1" role="doc-noteref">1</a></sup><span class="lnum">20</span></span><br/>You cannot say, or guess, for you know only<br/>A heap of broken images, where the sun beats,<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln23">And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief,<sup id="fnref-2"><a href="#fn-2" role="doc-noteref">2</a></sup></span><br/>And the dry stone no sound of water. Only<br/>There is shadow under this red rock,<br/>(Come in under the shadow of this red rock),<br/>And I will show you something different from either<br/>Your shadow at morning striding behind you<br/>Or your shadow at evening rising to meet you;<br/>I will show you fear in a handful of dust.<span class="lnum">30</span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><div><div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln31"><p>Frisch weht der Wind<sup id="fnref-3"><a href="#fn-3" role="doc-noteref">3</a></sup></p></div><div><p>Der Heimat zu</p></div><div><p>Mein Irisch Kind,</p></div><div><p>Wo weilest du?</p></div></div></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You gave me hyacinths first a year ago;<br/>&quot;They called me the hyacinth girl.&quot;<br/>―Yet when we came back, late, from the Hyacinth
garden,<br/>Your arms full, and your hair wet, I could not<br/>Speak, and my eyes failed, I was neither<br/>Living nor dead, and I knew nothing,<span class="lnum">40</span><br/>Looking into the heart of light, the silence.<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln42" lang="de"><em>Od&#039; und leer das Meer</em>.<sup id="fnref-4"><a href="#fn-4" role="doc-noteref">4</a></sup></span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="linegroup">Madame Sosostris, famous clairvoyante,<br/>Had a bad cold, nevertheless<br/>Is known to be the wisest woman in Europe,<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln46">With a wicked pack of cards. Here, said she,<sup id="fnref-5"><a href="#fn-5" role="doc-noteref">5</a></sup></span><br/>Is your card, the drowned Phoenician Sailor,<br/>(Those are pearls that were his eyes. Look!)<br/>Here is Belladonna, the Lady of the Rocks,<br/>The lady of situations.<span class="lnum">50</span><br/>Here is the man with three staves, and here the Wheel,<br/>And here is the one-eyed merchant, and this card,<br/>Which is blank, is something he carries on his back,<br/>Which I am forbidden to see. I do not find<br/>The Hanged Man. Fear death by water.<br/>I see crowds of people, walking round in a ring.<br/>Thank you. If you see dear Mrs. Equitone,<br/>Tell her I bring the horoscope myself:<br/>One must be so careful these days.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="linegroup"><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln60">Unreal City,<sup id="fnref-6"><a href="#fn-6" role="doc-noteref">6</a></sup><span class="lnum">60</span></span><br/>Under the brown fog of a winter dawn,<br/>A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many,<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln63">I had not thought death had undone so many.<sup id="fnref-7"><a href="#fn-7" role="doc-noteref">7</a></sup></span><br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln64">Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled,<sup id="fnref-8"><a href="#fn-8" role="doc-noteref">8</a></sup></span><br/>And each man fixed his eyes before his feet.<br/>Flowed up the hill and down King William Street,<br/>To where Saint Mary Woolnoth kept the hours<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln68">With a dead sound on the final stroke of nine.<sup id="fnref-9"><a href="#fn-9" role="doc-noteref">9</a></sup></span><br/>There I saw one I knew, and stopped him, crying
&quot;Stetson!<br/>&quot;You who were with me in the ships at Mylae!<span class="lnum">70</span><br/>&quot;That corpse you planted last year in your garden,<br/>&quot;Has it begun to sprout? Will it bloom this year?<br/>&quot;Or has the sudden frost disturbed its bed?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="linegroup"><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln74">&quot;Oh keep the Dog far hence, that&#039;s friend to men,<sup id="fnref-10"><a href="#fn-10" role="doc-noteref">10</a></sup></span><br/>&quot;Or with his nails he&#039;ll dig it up again!<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln76">&quot;You! <span lang="fr">hypocrite lecteur! - mon semblable, -
mon frere</span> !&quot;<sup id="fnref-11"><a href="#fn-11" role="doc-noteref">11</a></sup></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ch2" class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>II. A GAME OF CHESS</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="linegroup"><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln77">The Chair she sat in, like a burnished throne,<sup id="fnref-12"><a href="#fn-12" role="doc-noteref">12</a></sup></span><br/>Glowed on the marble, where the glass<br/>Held up by standards wrought with fruited vines<br/>From which a golden Cupidon peeped out<span class="lnum">80</span><br/>(Another hid his eyes behind his wing)<br/>Doubled the flames of sevenbranched candelabra<br/>Reflecting light upon the table as<br/>The glitter of her jewels rose to meet it,<br/>From satin cases poured in rich profusion;<br/>In vials of ivory and coloured glass<br/>Unstoppered, lurked her strange synthetic perfumes,<br/>Unguent, powdered, or liquid - troubled, confused<br/>And drowned the sense in odours; stirred by the air<br/>That freshened from the window, these ascended<span class="lnum">90</span><br/>In fattening the prolonged candle-flames,<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln92">Flung their smoke into the laquearia,<sup id="fnref-13"><a href="#fn-13" role="doc-noteref">13</a></sup></span><br/>Stirring the pattern on the coffered ceiling.<br/>Huge sea-wood fed with copper<br/>Burned green and orange, framed by the coloured stone,<br/>In which sad light a carved dolphin swam.<br/>Above the antique mantel was displayed<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln98">As though a window gave upon the sylvan scene<sup id="fnref-14"><a href="#fn-14" role="doc-noteref">14</a></sup></span><br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln99">The change of Philomel, by the barbarous king<sup id="fnref-15"><a href="#fn-15" role="doc-noteref">15</a></sup></span><br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln100">So rudely forced; yet there the nightingale<sup id="fnref-16"><a href="#fn-16" role="doc-noteref">16</a></sup>
<span class="lnum">100</span></span><br/>Filled all the desert with inviolable voice<br/>And still she cried, and still the world pursues,<br/>&quot;Jug Jug&quot; to dirty ears.<br/>And other withered stumps of time<br/>Were told upon the walls; staring forms<br/>Leaned out, leaning, hushing the room enclosed.<br/>Footsteps shuffled on the stair.<br/>Under the firelight, under the brush, her hair<br/>Spread out in fiery points<br/>Glowed into words, then would be savagely still.<span class="lnum">110</span></p>
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<div class="wp-block-group linegroup">
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<p class="linegroup">&quot;My nerves are bad to-night. Yes, bad. Stay with me.<br/>&quot;Speak to me. Why do you never speak. Speak.<br/>&quot;What are you thinking of? What thinking? What?<br/>&quot;I never know what you are thinking. Think.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="linegroup"><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln115">I think we are in rats&#039; alley<sup id="fnref-17"><a href="#fn-17" role="doc-noteref">17</a></sup></span><br/>Where the dead men lost their bones.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="linegroup">&quot;What is that noise?&quot;<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln118" class="indent">The wind under the door.<sup id="fnref-18"><a href="#fn-18" role="doc-noteref">18</a></sup></span><br/>&quot;What is that noise now? What is the wind doing?&quot;<br/><span class="indent">Nothing again nothing.<span class="lnum">120</span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="linegroup">&quot;Do<br/>&quot;You know nothing? Do you see nothing? Do you remember<br/>&quot;Nothing?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="linegroup">I remember<br/>Those are pearls that were his eyes.<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln126">&quot;Are you alive, or not? Is there nothing in your head?&quot;<sup id="fnref-19"><a href="#fn-19" role="doc-noteref">19</a></sup></span><br/>But<br/>O O O O that Shakespeherian Rag―<br/>It&#039;s so elegant<br/>So intelligent<span class="lnum">130</span><br/>&quot;What shall I do now? What shall I do?&quot;<br/>I shall rush out as I am, and walk the street<br/>&quot;With my hair down, so. What shall we do to-morrow?<br/>&quot;What shall we ever do?&quot;<br/>The hot water at ten.<br/>And if it rains, a closed car at four.<br/>And we shall play a game of chess,<br/><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln138">Pressing lidless eyes and waiting for a knock upon the door.<sup id="fnref-20"><a href="#fn-20" role="doc-noteref">20</a></sup></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="linegroup">When Lil&#039;s husband got demobbed, I said -<br/>I didn&#039;t mince my words, I said to her myself,<span class="lnum">140</span><br/>HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME<br/>Now Albert&#039;s coming back, make yourself a bit smart.<br/>He&#039;ll want to know what you done with that money he gave
you<br/>To get yourself some teeth. He did, I was there.<br/>You have them all out, Lil, and get a nice set,<br/>He said, I swear, I can&#039;t bear to look at you.<br/>And no more can&#039;t I, I said, and think of poor Albert,<br/>He&#039;s been in the army four years, he wants a good time,<br/>And if you don&#039;t give it him, there&#039;s others will, I
said.<br/>Oh is there, she said. Something o&#039; that, I said.<span class="lnum">150</span><br/>Then I&#039;ll know who to thank, she said, and give me a straight
look.<br/>HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME<br/>If you don&#039;t like it you can get on with it, I said.<br/>Others can pick and choose if you can&#039;t.<br/>But if Albert makes off, it won&#039;t be for lack of
telling.<br/>You ought to be ashamed, I said, to look so antique.<br/>(And her only thirty-one.)<br/>I can&#039;t help it, she said, pulling a long face,<br/>It&#039;s them pills I took, to bring it off, she said.<br/>(She&#039;s had five already, and nearly died of young George.)<span class="lnum">160</span><br/>The chemist said it would be all right, but I&#039;ve never been the
same.<br/>You <em>are</em> a proper fool, I said.<br/>Well, if Albert won&#039;t leave you alone, there it is, I
said,<br/>What you get married for if you don&#039;t want children?<br/>HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME<br/>Well, that Sunday Albert was home, they had a hot
gammon,<br/>And they asked me in to dinner, to get the beauty of it
hot―<br/>HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME<br/>HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME<br/>Goonight Bill. Goonight Lou. Goonight May. Goonight.<span class="lnum">170</span><br/>Ta ta. Goonight. Goonight.<br/>Good night, ladies, good night, sweet ladies, good night, good
night.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_backmatter" class="wp-block-group section backmatter">
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<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_rearnotes" class="wp-block-group rearnotes">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>NOTES ON &quot;THE WASTE LAND&quot;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Not only the title, but the plan and a good deal of the incidental symbolism of
the poem were suggested by Miss Jessie L. Weston&#039;s book on the Grail legend:
From Ritual to Romance</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indeed, so deeply am I indebted, Miss Weston&#039;s book will elucidate the
difficulties of the poem much better than my notes can do; and I recommend it
(apart from the great interest of the book itself) to any who think such
elucidation of the poem worth the trouble. To another work of anthropology I am
indebted in general, one which has influenced our generation profoundly; I mean
The Golden Bough; I have used especially the two volumes Adonis, Attis, Osiris.
Anyone who is acquainted with these works will immediately recognise in the poem
certain references to vegetation ceremonies.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>I. THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>II. A GAME OF CHESS</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
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</div>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li id="fn-1"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln20">Line 20.</a> Cf. Ezekiel 2:1.</p> <a href="#fnref-1" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-2"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln23">23.</a> Cf. Ecclesiastes 12:5.</p> <a href="#fnref-2" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-3"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln31">31.</a> V. Tristan und Isolde, i, verses 5-8.</p> <a href="#fnref-3" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-4"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln42">42.</a> Id. iii, verse 24.</p> <a href="#fnref-4" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-5"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln46">46.</a> I am not familiar with the exact constitution of the Tarot pack of
cards, from which I have obviously departed to suit my own convenience.
The Hanged Man, a member of the traditional pack, fits my purpose in two
ways: because he is associated in my mind with the Hanged God of Frazer,
and because I associate him with the hooded figure in the passage of the
disciples to Emmaus in Part V. The Phoenician Sailor and the Merchant
appear later; also the &quot;crowds of people,&quot; and Death by Water is
executed in Part IV. The Man with Three Staves (an authentic member of
the Tarot pack) I associate, quite arbitrarily, with the Fisher King
himself.</p> <a href="#fnref-5" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-6"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln60">60.</a> Cf. Baudelaire:</p><blockquote><p>&quot;Fourmillante cite;, cite; pleine de reves,<br/>Ou le spectre en
plein jour raccroche le passant.&quot;</p></blockquote> <a href="#fnref-6" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-7"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln63">63.</a> Cf. Inferno, iii. 55-7.</p><blockquote><p>&quot;si lunga tratta<br/>di gente, ch&#039;io non avrei mai creduto<br/>che
morte tanta n&#039;avesse disfatta.&quot;</p></blockquote> <a href="#fnref-7" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-8"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln64">64.</a> Cf. Inferno, iv. 25-7:</p><blockquote><p>&quot;Quivi, secondo che per ascoltahre,<br/>&quot;non avea pianto, ma&#039; che di
sospiri,<br/>&quot;che l&#039;aura eterna facevan tremare.&quot;</p></blockquote> <a href="#fnref-8" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-9"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln68">68.</a> A phenomenon which I have often noticed.</p> <a href="#fnref-9" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-10"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln74">74.</a> Cf. the Dirge in Webster&#039;s White Devil .</p> <a href="#fnref-10" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-11"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln76">76.</a> V. Baudelaire, Preface to Fleurs du Mal.</p> <a href="#fnref-11" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-12"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln77">77.</a> Cf. Antony and Cleopatra, II. ii., l. 190.</p> <a href="#fnref-12" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-13"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln92">92.</a> Laquearia. V. Aeneid, I. 726:</p><blockquote><p>dependent lychni laquearibus aureis incensi, et noctem
flammis<br/>funalia vincunt.</p></blockquote> <a href="#fnref-13" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-14"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln98">98.</a> Sylvan scene. V. Milton, Paradise Lost, iv. 140.</p> <a href="#fnref-14" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-15"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln99">99.</a> V. Ovid, Metamorphoses, vi, Philomela.</p> <a href="#fnref-15" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-16"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln100">100.</a> Cf. Part III, l. 204.</p> <a href="#fnref-16" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-17"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln115">115.</a> Cf. Part III, l. 195.</p> <a href="#fnref-17" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-18"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln118">118.</a> Cf. Webster:</p><blockquote><p>&quot;Is the wind in that door still?&quot;</p></blockquote> <a href="#fnref-18" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-19"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln126">126.</a> Cf. Part I, l. 37, 48.</p> <a href="#fnref-19" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-20"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln138">138.</a> Cf. the game of chess in Middleton&#039;s Women beware Women.</p> <a href="#fnref-20" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li></ol>
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<p><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml"></span></p>
<section id="wasteland-content.xhtml_frontmatter" class="frontmatter">
</section>
<section id="wasteland-content.xhtml_bodymatter" class="bodymatter">
<section id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ch1">
<h2>I. THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD</h2>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
April is the cruellest month, breeding
</div>
<div>
Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing
</div>
<div>
Memory and desire, stirring
</div>
<div>
Dull roots with spring rain.
</div>
<div>
Winter kept us warm, covering
</div>
<div>
Earth in forgetful snow, feeding
</div>
<div>
A little life with dried tubers.
</div>
<div>
Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee
</div>
<div>
With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade,
</div>
<div>
And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten,<span class="lnum">10</span>
</div>
<div>
And drank coffee, and talked for an hour.
</div>
<div lang="de">
Bin gar keine Russin, stamm&#039; aus Litauen, echt deutsch.
</div>
<div>
And when we were children, staying at the archduke&#039;s,
</div>
<div>
My cousin&#039;s, he took me out on a sled,
</div>
<div>
And I was frightened. He said, Marie,
</div>
<div>
Marie, hold on tight. And down we went.
</div>
<div>
In the mountains, there you feel free.
</div>
<div>
I read, much of the night, and go south in the winter.
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
What are the roots that clutch, what branches grow
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln20">
Out of this stony rubbish? Son of man,<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a><span class="lnum">20</span>
</div>
<div>
You cannot say, or guess, for you know only
</div>
<div>
A heap of broken images, where the sun beats,
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln23">
And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief,<a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref"><sup>2</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
And the dry stone no sound of water. Only
</div>
<div>
There is shadow under this red rock,
</div>
<div>
(Come in under the shadow of this red rock),
</div>
<div>
And I will show you something different from either
</div>
<div>
Your shadow at morning striding behind you
</div>
<div>
Or your shadow at evening rising to meet you;
</div>
<div>
I will show you fear in a handful of dust.<span class="lnum">30</span>
</div>
<blockquote>
<div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln31">
Frisch weht der Wind<a href="#fn3" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref3" role="doc-noteref"><sup>3</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
Der Heimat zu
</div>
<div>
Mein Irisch Kind,
</div>
<div>
Wo weilest du?
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
&quot;You gave me hyacinths first a year ago;
</div>
<div>
&quot;They called me the hyacinth girl.&quot;
</div>
<div>
―Yet when we came back, late, from the Hyacinth garden,
</div>
<div>
Your arms full, and your hair wet, I could not
</div>
<div>
Speak, and my eyes failed, I was neither
</div>
<div>
Living nor dead, and I knew nothing,<span class="lnum">40</span>
</div>
<div>
Looking into the heart of light, the silence.
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln42" lang="de">
<em>Od&#039; und leer das Meer</em>.<a href="#fn4" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref4" role="doc-noteref"><sup>4</sup></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
Madame Sosostris, famous clairvoyante,
</div>
<div>
Had a bad cold, nevertheless
</div>
<div>
Is known to be the wisest woman in Europe,
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln46">
With a wicked pack of cards. Here, said she,<a href="#fn5" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref5" role="doc-noteref"><sup>5</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
Is your card, the drowned Phoenician Sailor,
</div>
<div>
(Those are pearls that were his eyes. Look!)
</div>
<div>
Here is Belladonna, the Lady of the Rocks,
</div>
<div>
The lady of situations.<span class="lnum">50</span>
</div>
<div>
Here is the man with three staves, and here the Wheel,
</div>
<div>
And here is the one-eyed merchant, and this card,
</div>
<div>
Which is blank, is something he carries on his back,
</div>
<div>
Which I am forbidden to see. I do not find
</div>
<div>
The Hanged Man. Fear death by water.
</div>
<div>
I see crowds of people, walking round in a ring.
</div>
<div>
Thank you. If you see dear Mrs. Equitone,
</div>
<div>
Tell her I bring the horoscope myself:
</div>
<div>
One must be so careful these days.
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln60">
Unreal City,<a href="#fn6" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref6" role="doc-noteref"><sup>6</sup></a><span class="lnum">60</span>
</div>
<div>
Under the brown fog of a winter dawn,
</div>
<div>
A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many,
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln63">
I had not thought death had undone so many.<a href="#fn7" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref7" role="doc-noteref"><sup>7</sup></a>
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln64">
Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled,<a href="#fn8" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref8" role="doc-noteref"><sup>8</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
And each man fixed his eyes before his feet.
</div>
<div>
Flowed up the hill and down King William Street,
</div>
<div>
To where Saint Mary Woolnoth kept the hours
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln68">
With a dead sound on the final stroke of nine.<a href="#fn9" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref9" role="doc-noteref"><sup>9</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
There I saw one I knew, and stopped him, crying &quot;Stetson!
</div>
<div>
&quot;You who were with me in the ships at Mylae!<span class="lnum">70</span>
</div>
<div>
&quot;That corpse you planted last year in your garden,
</div>
<div>
&quot;Has it begun to sprout? Will it bloom this year?
</div>
<div>
&quot;Or has the sudden frost disturbed its bed?
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln74">
&quot;Oh keep the Dog far hence, that&#039;s friend to men,<a href="#fn10" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref10" role="doc-noteref"><sup>10</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
&quot;Or with his nails he&#039;ll dig it up again!
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln76">
&quot;You! <span lang="fr">hypocrite lecteur! - mon semblable, - mon frere</span> !&quot;<a href="#fn11" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref11" role="doc-noteref"><sup>11</sup></a>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ch2">
<h2>II. A GAME OF CHESS</h2>
<div class="linegroup">
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln77">
The Chair she sat in, like a burnished throne,<a href="#fn12" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref12" role="doc-noteref"><sup>12</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
Glowed on the marble, where the glass
</div>
<div>
Held up by standards wrought with fruited vines
</div>
<div>
From which a golden Cupidon peeped out<span class="lnum">80</span>
</div>
<div>
(Another hid his eyes behind his wing)
</div>
<div>
Doubled the flames of sevenbranched candelabra
</div>
<div>
Reflecting light upon the table as
</div>
<div>
The glitter of her jewels rose to meet it,
</div>
<div>
From satin cases poured in rich profusion;
</div>
<div>
In vials of ivory and coloured glass
</div>
<div>
Unstoppered, lurked her strange synthetic perfumes,
</div>
<div>
Unguent, powdered, or liquid - troubled, confused
</div>
<div>
And drowned the sense in odours; stirred by the air
</div>
<div>
That freshened from the window, these ascended<span class="lnum">90</span>
</div>
<div>
In fattening the prolonged candle-flames,
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln92">
Flung their smoke into the laquearia,<a href="#fn13" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref13" role="doc-noteref"><sup>13</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
Stirring the pattern on the coffered ceiling.
</div>
<div>
Huge sea-wood fed with copper
</div>
<div>
Burned green and orange, framed by the coloured stone,
</div>
<div>
In which sad light a carved dolphin swam.
</div>
<div>
Above the antique mantel was displayed
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln98">
As though a window gave upon the sylvan scene<a href="#fn14" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref14" role="doc-noteref"><sup>14</sup></a>
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln99">
The change of Philomel, by the barbarous king<a href="#fn15" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref15" role="doc-noteref"><sup>15</sup></a>
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln100">
So rudely forced; yet there the nightingale<a href="#fn16" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref16" role="doc-noteref"><sup>16</sup></a> <span class="lnum">100</span>
</div>
<div>
Filled all the desert with inviolable voice
</div>
<div>
And still she cried, and still the world pursues,
</div>
<div>
&quot;Jug Jug&quot; to dirty ears.
</div>
<div>
And other withered stumps of time
</div>
<div>
Were told upon the walls; staring forms
</div>
<div>
Leaned out, leaning, hushing the room enclosed.
</div>
<div>
Footsteps shuffled on the stair.
</div>
<div>
Under the firelight, under the brush, her hair
</div>
<div>
Spread out in fiery points
</div>
<div>
Glowed into words, then would be savagely still.<span class="lnum">110</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
&quot;My nerves are bad to-night. Yes, bad. Stay with me.
</div>
<div>
&quot;Speak to me. Why do you never speak. Speak.
</div>
<div>
&quot;What are you thinking of? What thinking? What?
</div>
<div>
&quot;I never know what you are thinking. Think.&quot;
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln115">
I think we are in rats&#039; alley<a href="#fn17" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref17" role="doc-noteref"><sup>17</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
Where the dead men lost their bones.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
&quot;What is that noise?&quot;
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln118" class="indent">
The wind under the door.<a href="#fn18" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref18" role="doc-noteref"><sup>18</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
&quot;What is that noise now? What is the wind doing?&quot;
</div>
<div class="indent">
Nothing again nothing.<span class="lnum">120</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
&quot;Do
</div>
<div>
&quot;You know nothing? Do you see nothing? Do you remember
</div>
<div>
&quot;Nothing?&quot;
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
I remember
</div>
<div>
Those are pearls that were his eyes.
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln126">
&quot;Are you alive, or not? Is there nothing in your head?&quot;<a href="#fn19" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref19" role="doc-noteref"><sup>19</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
But
</div>
<div>
O O O O that Shakespeherian Rag―
</div>
<div>
It&#039;s so elegant
</div>
<div>
So intelligent<span class="lnum">130</span>
</div>
<div>
&quot;What shall I do now? What shall I do?&quot;
</div>
<div>
I shall rush out as I am, and walk the street
</div>
<div>
&quot;With my hair down, so. What shall we do to-morrow?
</div>
<div>
&quot;What shall we ever do?&quot;
</div>
<div>
The hot water at ten.
</div>
<div>
And if it rains, a closed car at four.
</div>
<div>
And we shall play a game of chess,
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln138">
Pressing lidless eyes and waiting for a knock upon the door.<a href="#fn20" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref20" role="doc-noteref"><sup>20</sup></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
When Lil&#039;s husband got demobbed, I said -
</div>
<div>
I didn&#039;t mince my words, I said to her myself,<span class="lnum">140</span>
</div>
<div>
HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME
</div>
<div>
Now Albert&#039;s coming back, make yourself a bit smart.
</div>
<div>
He&#039;ll want to know what you done with that money he gave you
</div>
<div>
To get yourself some teeth. He did, I was there.
</div>
<div>
You have them all out, Lil, and get a nice set,
</div>
<div>
He said, I swear, I can&#039;t bear to look at you.
</div>
<div>
And no more can&#039;t I, I said, and think of poor Albert,
</div>
<div>
He&#039;s been in the army four years, he wants a good time,
</div>
<div>
And if you don&#039;t give it him, there&#039;s others will, I said.
</div>
<div>
Oh is there, she said. Something o&#039; that, I said.<span class="lnum">150</span>
</div>
<div>
Then I&#039;ll know who to thank, she said, and give me a straight look.
</div>
<div>
HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME
</div>
<div>
If you don&#039;t like it you can get on with it, I said.
</div>
<div>
Others can pick and choose if you can&#039;t.
</div>
<div>
But if Albert makes off, it won&#039;t be for lack of telling.
</div>
<div>
You ought to be ashamed, I said, to look so antique.
</div>
<div>
(And her only thirty-one.)
</div>
<div>
I can&#039;t help it, she said, pulling a long face,
</div>
<div>
It&#039;s them pills I took, to bring it off, she said.
</div>
<div>
(She&#039;s had five already, and nearly died of young George.)<span class="lnum">160</span>
</div>
<div>
The chemist said it would be all right, but I&#039;ve never been the same.
</div>
<div>
You <em>are</em> a proper fool, I said.
</div>
<div>
Well, if Albert won&#039;t leave you alone, there it is, I said,
</div>
<div>
What you get married for if you don&#039;t want children?
</div>
<div>
HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME
</div>
<div>
Well, that Sunday Albert was home, they had a hot gammon,
</div>
<div>
And they asked me in to dinner, to get the beauty of it hot―
</div>
<div>
HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME
</div>
<div>
HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME
</div>
<div>
Goonight Bill. Goonight Lou. Goonight May. Goonight.<span class="lnum">170</span>
</div>
<div>
Ta ta. Goonight. Goonight.
</div>
<div>
Good night, ladies, good night, sweet ladies, good night, good night.
</div>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="wasteland-content.xhtml_backmatter" class="backmatter">
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_rearnotes" class="rearnotes">
<h2>NOTES ON &quot;THE WASTE LAND&quot;</h2>
<p>Not only the title, but the plan and a good deal of the incidental symbolism of the poem were suggested by Miss Jessie L. Weston&#039;s book on the Grail legend: From Ritual to Romance</p>
<p>Indeed, so deeply am I indebted, Miss Weston&#039;s book will elucidate the difficulties of the poem much better than my notes can do; and I recommend it (apart from the great interest of the book itself) to any who think such elucidation of the poem worth the trouble. To another work of anthropology I am indebted in general, one which has influenced our generation profoundly; I mean The Golden Bough; I have used especially the two volumes Adonis, Attis, Osiris. Anyone who is acquainted with these works will immediately recognise in the poem certain references to vegetation ceremonies.</p>
<section>
<h3>I. THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD</h3>
</section>
<section>
<h3>II. A GAME OF CHESS</h3>
</section>
</div>
</section>
<div class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln20">Line 20.</a> Cf. Ezekiel 2:1.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn2"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln23">23.</a> Cf. Ecclesiastes 12:5.<a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn3"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln31">31.</a> V. Tristan und Isolde, i, verses 5-8.<a href="#fnref3" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn4"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln42">42.</a> Id. iii, verse 24.<a href="#fnref4" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn5"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln46">46.</a> I am not familiar with the exact constitution of the Tarot pack of cards, from which I have obviously departed to suit my own convenience. The Hanged Man, a member of the traditional pack, fits my purpose in two ways: because he is associated in my mind with the Hanged God of Frazer, and because I associate him with the hooded figure in the passage of the disciples to Emmaus in Part V. The Phoenician Sailor and the Merchant appear later; also the &quot;crowds of people,&quot; and Death by Water is executed in Part IV. The Man with Three Staves (an authentic member of the Tarot pack) I associate, quite arbitrarily, with the Fisher King himself.<a href="#fnref5" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn6"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln60">60.</a> Cf. Baudelaire:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>&quot;Fourmillante cite;, cite; pleine de reves,<br />
Ou le spectre en plein jour raccroche le passant.&quot;</p>
</blockquote><a href="#fnref6" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn7"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln63">63.</a> Cf. Inferno, iii. 55-7.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>&quot;si lunga tratta<br />
di gente, ch&#039;io non avrei mai creduto<br />
che morte tanta n&#039;avesse disfatta.&quot;</p>
</blockquote><a href="#fnref7" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn8"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln64">64.</a> Cf. Inferno, iv. 25-7:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>&quot;Quivi, secondo che per ascoltahre,<br />
&quot;non avea pianto, ma&#039; che di sospiri,<br />
&quot;che l&#039;aura eterna facevan tremare.&quot;</p>
</blockquote><a href="#fnref8" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn9"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln68">68.</a> A phenomenon which I have often noticed.<a href="#fnref9" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn10"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln74">74.</a> Cf. the Dirge in Webster&#039;s White Devil .<a href="#fnref10" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn11"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln76">76.</a> V. Baudelaire, Preface to Fleurs du Mal.<a href="#fnref11" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn12"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln77">77.</a> Cf. Antony and Cleopatra, II. ii., l. 190.<a href="#fnref12" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn13"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln92">92.</a> Laquearia. V. Aeneid, I. 726:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>dependent lychni laquearibus aureis incensi, et noctem flammis<br />
funalia vincunt.</p>
</blockquote><a href="#fnref13" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn14"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln98">98.</a> Sylvan scene. V. Milton, Paradise Lost, iv. 140.<a href="#fnref14" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn15"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln99">99.</a> V. Ovid, Metamorphoses, vi, Philomela.<a href="#fnref15" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn16"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln100">100.</a> Cf. Part III, l. 204.<a href="#fnref16" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn17"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln115">115.</a> Cf. Part III, l. 195.<a href="#fnref17" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn18"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln118">118.</a> Cf. Webster:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>&quot;Is the wind in that door still?&quot;</p>
</blockquote><a href="#fnref18" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn19"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln126">126.</a> Cf. Part I, l. 37, 48.<a href="#fnref19" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn20"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln138">138.</a> Cf. the game of chess in Middleton&#039;s Women beware Women.<a href="#fnref20" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p><img src="wasteland-cover.jpg" /></p>
<p><span id="wasteland-content.xhtml"></span></p>
<section id="wasteland-content.xhtml_frontmatter" class="frontmatter">

</section>
<section id="wasteland-content.xhtml_bodymatter" class="bodymatter">
<h2 id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ch1">I. THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD</h2>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
April is the cruellest month, breeding
</div>
<div>
Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing
</div>
<div>
Memory and desire, stirring
</div>
<div>
Dull roots with spring rain.
</div>
<div>
Winter kept us warm, covering
</div>
<div>
Earth in forgetful snow, feeding
</div>
<div>
A little life with dried tubers.
</div>
<div>
Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee
</div>
<div>
With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade,
</div>
<div>
And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten,<span class="lnum">10</span>
</div>
<div>
And drank coffee, and talked for an hour.
</div>
<div lang="de">
Bin gar keine Russin, stamm' aus Litauen, echt deutsch.
</div>
<div>
And when we were children, staying at the archduke's,
</div>
<div>
My cousin's, he took me out on a sled,
</div>
<div>
And I was frightened. He said, Marie,
</div>
<div>
Marie, hold on tight. And down we went.
</div>
<div>
In the mountains, there you feel free.
</div>
<div>
I read, much of the night, and go south in the winter.
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
What are the roots that clutch, what branches grow
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln20">
Out of this stony rubbish? Son of man,<a href="#fn1"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a><span class="lnum">20</span>
</div>
<div>
You cannot say, or guess, for you know only
</div>
<div>
A heap of broken images, where the sun beats,
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln23">
And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief,<a href="#fn2"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref"><sup>2</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
And the dry stone no sound of water. Only
</div>
<div>
There is shadow under this red rock,
</div>
<div>
(Come in under the shadow of this red rock),
</div>
<div>
And I will show you something different from either
</div>
<div>
Your shadow at morning striding behind you
</div>
<div>
Or your shadow at evening rising to meet you;
</div>
<div>
I will show you fear in a handful of dust.<span class="lnum">30</span>
</div>
<blockquote>
<div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln31">
Frisch weht der Wind<a href="#fn3" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref3"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>3</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
Der Heimat zu
</div>
<div>
Mein Irisch Kind,
</div>
<div>
Wo weilest du?
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
"You gave me hyacinths first a year ago;
</div>
<div>
"They called me the hyacinth girl."
</div>
<div>
―Yet when we came back, late, from the Hyacinth garden,
</div>
<div>
Your arms full, and your hair wet, I could not
</div>
<div>
Speak, and my eyes failed, I was neither
</div>
<div>
Living nor dead, and I knew nothing,<span class="lnum">40</span>
</div>
<div>
Looking into the heart of light, the silence.
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln42" lang="de">
<em>Od' und leer das Meer</em>.<a href="#fn4" class="footnote-ref"
id="fnref4" role="doc-noteref"><sup>4</sup></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
Madame Sosostris, famous clairvoyante,
</div>
<div>
Had a bad cold, nevertheless
</div>
<div>
Is known to be the wisest woman in Europe,
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln46">
With a wicked pack of cards. Here, said she,<a href="#fn5"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref5" role="doc-noteref"><sup>5</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
Is your card, the drowned Phoenician Sailor,
</div>
<div>
(Those are pearls that were his eyes. Look!)
</div>
<div>
Here is Belladonna, the Lady of the Rocks,
</div>
<div>
The lady of situations.<span class="lnum">50</span>
</div>
<div>
Here is the man with three staves, and here the Wheel,
</div>
<div>
And here is the one-eyed merchant, and this card,
</div>
<div>
Which is blank, is something he carries on his back,
</div>
<div>
Which I am forbidden to see. I do not find
</div>
<div>
The Hanged Man. Fear death by water.
</div>
<div>
I see crowds of people, walking round in a ring.
</div>
<div>
Thank you. If you see dear Mrs. Equitone,
</div>
<div>
Tell her I bring the horoscope myself:
</div>
<div>
One must be so careful these days.
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln60">
Unreal City,<a href="#fn6" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref6"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>6</sup></a><span class="lnum">60</span>
</div>
<div>
Under the brown fog of a winter dawn,
</div>
<div>
A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many,
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln63">
I had not thought death had undone so many.<a href="#fn7"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref7" role="doc-noteref"><sup>7</sup></a>
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln64">
Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled,<a href="#fn8"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref8" role="doc-noteref"><sup>8</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
And each man fixed his eyes before his feet.
</div>
<div>
Flowed up the hill and down King William Street,
</div>
<div>
To where Saint Mary Woolnoth kept the hours
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln68">
With a dead sound on the final stroke of nine.<a href="#fn9"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref9" role="doc-noteref"><sup>9</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
There I saw one I knew, and stopped him, crying "Stetson!
</div>
<div>
"You who were with me in the ships at Mylae!<span class="lnum">70</span>
</div>
<div>
"That corpse you planted last year in your garden,
</div>
<div>
"Has it begun to sprout? Will it bloom this year?
</div>
<div>
"Or has the sudden frost disturbed its bed?
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln74">
"Oh keep the Dog far hence, that's friend to men,<a href="#fn10"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref10" role="doc-noteref"><sup>10</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
"Or with his nails he'll dig it up again!
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln76">
"You! <span lang="fr">hypocrite lecteur! - mon semblable, - mon
frere</span> !"<a href="#fn11" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref11"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>11</sup></a>
</div>
</div>
<h2 id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ch2">II. A GAME OF CHESS</h2>
<div class="linegroup">
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln77">
The Chair she sat in, like a burnished throne,<a href="#fn12"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref12" role="doc-noteref"><sup>12</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
Glowed on the marble, where the glass
</div>
<div>
Held up by standards wrought with fruited vines
</div>
<div>
From which a golden Cupidon peeped out<span class="lnum">80</span>
</div>
<div>
(Another hid his eyes behind his wing)
</div>
<div>
Doubled the flames of sevenbranched candelabra
</div>
<div>
Reflecting light upon the table as
</div>
<div>
The glitter of her jewels rose to meet it,
</div>
<div>
From satin cases poured in rich profusion;
</div>
<div>
In vials of ivory and coloured glass
</div>
<div>
Unstoppered, lurked her strange synthetic perfumes,
</div>
<div>
Unguent, powdered, or liquid - troubled, confused
</div>
<div>
And drowned the sense in odours; stirred by the air
</div>
<div>
That freshened from the window, these ascended<span
class="lnum">90</span>
</div>
<div>
In fattening the prolonged candle-flames,
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln92">
Flung their smoke into the laquearia,<a href="#fn13"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref13" role="doc-noteref"><sup>13</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
Stirring the pattern on the coffered ceiling.
</div>
<div>
Huge sea-wood fed with copper
</div>
<div>
Burned green and orange, framed by the coloured stone,
</div>
<div>
In which sad light a carved dolphin swam.
</div>
<div>
Above the antique mantel was displayed
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln98">
As though a window gave upon the sylvan scene<a href="#fn14"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref14" role="doc-noteref"><sup>14</sup></a>
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln99">
The change of Philomel, by the barbarous king<a href="#fn15"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref15" role="doc-noteref"><sup>15</sup></a>
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln100">
So rudely forced; yet there the nightingale<a href="#fn16"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref16" role="doc-noteref"><sup>16</sup></a>
<span class="lnum">100</span>
</div>
<div>
Filled all the desert with inviolable voice
</div>
<div>
And still she cried, and still the world pursues,
</div>
<div>
"Jug Jug" to dirty ears.
</div>
<div>
And other withered stumps of time
</div>
<div>
Were told upon the walls; staring forms
</div>
<div>
Leaned out, leaning, hushing the room enclosed.
</div>
<div>
Footsteps shuffled on the stair.
</div>
<div>
Under the firelight, under the brush, her hair
</div>
<div>
Spread out in fiery points
</div>
<div>
Glowed into words, then would be savagely still.<span
class="lnum">110</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
"My nerves are bad to-night. Yes, bad. Stay with me.
</div>
<div>
"Speak to me. Why do you never speak. Speak.
</div>
<div>
"What are you thinking of? What thinking? What?
</div>
<div>
"I never know what you are thinking. Think."
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln115">
I think we are in rats' alley<a href="#fn17" class="footnote-ref"
id="fnref17" role="doc-noteref"><sup>17</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
Where the dead men lost their bones.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
"What is that noise?"
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln118" class="indent">
The wind under the door.<a href="#fn18" class="footnote-ref"
id="fnref18" role="doc-noteref"><sup>18</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
"What is that noise now? What is the wind doing?"
</div>
<div class="indent">
Nothing again nothing.<span class="lnum">120</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
"Do
</div>
<div>
"You know nothing? Do you see nothing? Do you remember
</div>
<div>
"Nothing?"
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
I remember
</div>
<div>
Those are pearls that were his eyes.
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln126">
"Are you alive, or not? Is there nothing in your head?"<a href="#fn19"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref19" role="doc-noteref"><sup>19</sup></a>
</div>
<div>
But
</div>
<div>
O O O O that Shakespeherian Rag―
</div>
<div>
It's so elegant
</div>
<div>
So intelligent<span class="lnum">130</span>
</div>
<div>
"What shall I do now? What shall I do?"
</div>
<div>
I shall rush out as I am, and walk the street
</div>
<div>
"With my hair down, so. What shall we do to-morrow?
</div>
<div>
"What shall we ever do?"
</div>
<div>
The hot water at ten.
</div>
<div>
And if it rains, a closed car at four.
</div>
<div>
And we shall play a game of chess,
</div>
<div id="wasteland-content.xhtml_ln138">
Pressing lidless eyes and waiting for a knock upon the door.<a
href="#fn20" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref20"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>20</sup></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="linegroup">
<div>
When Lil's husband got demobbed, I said -
</div>
<div>
I didn't mince my words, I said to her myself,<span
class="lnum">140</span>
</div>
<div>
HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME
</div>
<div>
Now Albert's coming back, make yourself a bit smart.
</div>
<div>
He'll want to know what you done with that money he gave you
</div>
<div>
To get yourself some teeth. He did, I was there.
</div>
<div>
You have them all out, Lil, and get a nice set,
</div>
<div>
He said, I swear, I can't bear to look at you.
</div>
<div>
And no more can't I, I said, and think of poor Albert,
</div>
<div>
He's been in the army four years, he wants a good time,
</div>
<div>
And if you don't give it him, there's others will, I said.
</div>
<div>
Oh is there, she said. Something o' that, I said.<span
class="lnum">150</span>
</div>
<div>
Then I'll know who to thank, she said, and give me a straight look.
</div>
<div>
HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME
</div>
<div>
If you don't like it you can get on with it, I said.
</div>
<div>
Others can pick and choose if you can't.
</div>
<div>
But if Albert makes off, it won't be for lack of telling.
</div>
<div>
You ought to be ashamed, I said, to look so antique.
</div>
<div>
(And her only thirty-one.)
</div>
<div>
I can't help it, she said, pulling a long face,
</div>
<div>
It's them pills I took, to bring it off, she said.
</div>
<div>
(She's had five already, and nearly died of young George.)<span
class="lnum">160</span>
</div>
<div>
The chemist said it would be all right, but I've never been the same.
</div>
<div>
You <em>are</em> a proper fool, I said.
</div>
<div>
Well, if Albert won't leave you alone, there it is, I said,
</div>
<div>
What you get married for if you don't want children?
</div>
<div>
HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME
</div>
<div>
Well, that Sunday Albert was home, they had a hot gammon,
</div>
<div>
And they asked me in to dinner, to get the beauty of it hot―
</div>
<div>
HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME
</div>
<div>
HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME
</div>
<div>
Goonight Bill. Goonight Lou. Goonight May. Goonight.<span
class="lnum">170</span>
</div>
<div>
Ta ta. Goonight. Goonight.
</div>
<div>
Good night, ladies, good night, sweet ladies, good night, good night.
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="wasteland-content.xhtml_backmatter" class="backmatter">
<section id="wasteland-content.xhtml_rearnotes" class="rearnotes">
<h2>NOTES ON "THE WASTE LAND"</h2>
<p>Not only the title, but the plan and a good deal of the incidental
symbolism of the poem were suggested by Miss Jessie L. Weston's book on
the Grail legend: From Ritual to Romance</p>
<p>Indeed, so deeply am I indebted, Miss Weston's book will elucidate
the difficulties of the poem much better than my notes can do; and I
recommend it (apart from the great interest of the book itself) to any
who think such elucidation of the poem worth the trouble. To another
work of anthropology I am indebted in general, one which has influenced
our generation profoundly; I mean The Golden Bough; I have used
especially the two volumes Adonis, Attis, Osiris. Anyone who is
acquainted with these works will immediately recognise in the poem
certain references to vegetation ceremonies.</p>
<h3>I. THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD</h3>
<h3>II. A GAME OF CHESS</h3>
</section>
</section>
<section id="footnotes" class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document"
role="doc-endnotes">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln20">Line 20.</a> Cf.
Ezekiel 2:1.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn2"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln23">23.</a> Cf.
Ecclesiastes 12:5.<a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn3"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln31">31.</a> V.
Tristan und Isolde, i, verses 5-8.<a href="#fnref3"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn4"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln42">42.</a> Id. iii,
verse 24.<a href="#fnref4" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn5"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln46">46.</a> I am not
familiar with the exact constitution of the Tarot pack of cards, from
which I have obviously departed to suit my own convenience. The Hanged
Man, a member of the traditional pack, fits my purpose in two ways:
because he is associated in my mind with the Hanged God of Frazer, and
because I associate him with the hooded figure in the passage of the
disciples to Emmaus in Part V. The Phoenician Sailor and the Merchant
appear later; also the "crowds of people," and Death by Water is
executed in Part IV. The Man with Three Staves (an authentic member of
the Tarot pack) I associate, quite arbitrarily, with the Fisher King
himself.<a href="#fnref5" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn6"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln60">60.</a> Cf.
Baudelaire:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>"Fourmillante cite;, cite; pleine de reves,<br />
Ou le spectre en plein jour raccroche le passant."</p>
</blockquote>
<a href="#fnref6" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn7"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln63">63.</a> Cf.
Inferno, iii. 55-7.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>"si lunga tratta<br />
di gente, ch'io non avrei mai creduto<br />
che morte tanta n'avesse disfatta."</p>
</blockquote>
<a href="#fnref7" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn8"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln64">64.</a> Cf.
Inferno, iv. 25-7:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>"Quivi, secondo che per ascoltahre,<br />
"non avea pianto, ma' che di sospiri,<br />
"che l'aura eterna facevan tremare."</p>
</blockquote>
<a href="#fnref8" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn9"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln68">68.</a> A
phenomenon which I have often noticed.<a href="#fnref9"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn10"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln74">74.</a> Cf. the
Dirge in Webster's White Devil .<a href="#fnref10" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn11"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln76">76.</a> V.
Baudelaire, Preface to Fleurs du Mal.<a href="#fnref11"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn12"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln77">77.</a> Cf.
Antony and Cleopatra, II. ii., l. 190.<a href="#fnref12"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn13"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln92">92.</a>
Laquearia. V. Aeneid, I. 726:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>dependent lychni laquearibus aureis incensi, et noctem flammis<br />
funalia vincunt.</p>
</blockquote>
<a href="#fnref13" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn14"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln98">98.</a> Sylvan
scene. V. Milton, Paradise Lost, iv. 140.<a href="#fnref14"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn15"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln99">99.</a> V.
Ovid, Metamorphoses, vi, Philomela.<a href="#fnref15"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn16"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln100">100.</a> Cf.
Part III, l. 204.<a href="#fnref16" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn17"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln115">115.</a> Cf.
Part III, l. 195.<a href="#fnref17" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn18"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln118">118.</a> Cf.
Webster:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>"Is the wind in that door still?"</p>
</blockquote>
<a href="#fnref18" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn19"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln126">126.</a> Cf.
Part I, l. 37, 48.<a href="#fnref19" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn20"><p><a href="#wasteland-content.xhtml_ln138">138.</a> Cf.
the game of chess in Middleton's Women beware Women.<a href="#fnref20"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</section>
</body></html>
EPUB reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 76/76 checked-in package/native pairs plus the upstream media-bag tuples; the reader resolves the OPF rootfile, metadata, XHTML spine, package-relative href/src resources, EPUB3 nav, and NCX fallback entries through the shared HTML-capable reader path.

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EPUB feature fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="front.xhtml"></span></p>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Reflowable EPUB 3 Conformance Test Document: 0100</h1>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Status of this Document</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This publication is currently considered <span class="status">[UNDER DEVELOPMENT]</span> by the IDPF.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This publication is part of version <span class="version">X.X</span> of the EPUB 3.0 Compliance Test Suite released
on <time class="release">TBD</time>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Before using this publication to evaluate reading systems, testers are strongly encouraged to
verify that they have the latest release by checking the current release version and date of
the test suite at <a href="http://idpf.org/">TBD</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This publication is one of several that currently comprise the EPUB 3 conformance test suite
for reflowable content. The complete test suite includes all of the following publications:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>About this Document</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This document focuses on human-evaluated binary (pass/fail) tests in a
reflowable context. Tests for fixed-layout content and other individual tests that
require a dedicated epub file are available in additional sibling documents; refer to
the <a href="https://github.com/mgylling/epub-testsuite/wiki/Overview">test suite
wiki</a> (<code>https://github.com/mgylling/epub-testsuite/wiki/Overview</code>) for additional
information.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
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<div class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Conventions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following conventions are used throughout the document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>1. Locating a test</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><div class="ctest"><p>Tests for <em>required</em> Reading System functionality are
preceded by the label: <span class="nature" style="font-size:100%">[REQUIRED]</span></p></div><div class="otest"><p>Tests for <em>optional</em> Reading System functionality are
preceded by the label: <span class="nature" style="font-size:100%">[OPTIONAL]</span></p></div></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>2. Performing the test</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Each test includes a description of its purpose followed by the actual <strong>test statement,
which can always be evaluated to true or false</strong>. These statements typically have the form:
&quot;If [some condition], the test passes&quot;.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>3. Scoring in the results form</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>@@@TODO provide info on where to get the results form</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="content-mathml-001.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml">MathML</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-010" class="wp-block-group section ctest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span>
<span class="test-id">mathml-010</span> Rendering</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether MathML equation rendering is supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mrow><mo>-</mo><mi>∞</mi></mrow><mi>∞</mi></msubsup><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></msup><mspace width="0.1667em"></mspace><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><msqrt><mi>π</mi></msqrt></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\int_{- \infty}^{\infty}e^{- x^{2}}\, dx = \sqrt{\pi}</annotation></semantics></math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>∞</mi></munderover><mfrac><mn>1</mn><msup><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mn>6</mn></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\sum\limits_{n = 1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^{2}} = \frac{\pi^{2}}{6}</annotation></semantics></math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mo>-</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>±</mo><msqrt><mrow><msup><mi>b</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow></msqrt></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>a</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">x = \frac{- b \pm \sqrt{b^{2} - 4ac}}{2a}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the preceding equations are not presented as linear text (e.g., x=-b±b2-4ac2a),
the test passes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-020" class="wp-block-group section otest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span>
<span class="test-id">mathml-020</span> CSS Styling of the <code>math</code> element</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the <code>math</code> element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{2x}{+ y - z}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The test passes if the equation has a yellow background and a dashed border.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support
CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-021" class="wp-block-group section otest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span>
<span class="test-id">mathml-021</span> CSS Styling of the <code>mo</code> element</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the <code>mo</code> element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{2x}{+ y - z}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The test passes if the operators are enlarged relative to the other symbols and numbers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support
CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-022" class="wp-block-group section otest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span>
<span class="test-id">mathml-022</span> CSS Styling of the <code>mi</code> element</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the <code>mi</code> element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{2x}{+ y - z}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The test passes if the identifiers are bolded and blue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support
CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-023" class="wp-block-group section otest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span>
<span class="test-id">mathml-023</span> CSS Styling of the <code>mn</code> element</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the <code>mn</code> element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{2x}{+ y - z}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The test passes if the number 2 is italicized and blue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support
CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-024" class="wp-block-group section ctest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span>
<span class="test-id">mathml-024</span>Horizontal stretch, <code>mover</code>, <code>munder</code>, and <code>mspace</code> elements</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether horizontal stretch, <code>mover</code>, <code>munder</code>, <code>mspace</code> elements are supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>c</mi><mo>=</mo><mover><mover><mrow><munder><munder><mrow><mspace width="20mu"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mspace width="20mu"></mspace></mrow><mo>⏟</mo></munder><mtext>real</mtext></munder><mo>+</mo><munder><munder><mrow><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mi>b</mi><mstyle mathvariant="double-struck"><mi>𝕚</mi></mstyle><mspace width="1em"></mspace></mrow><mo>⏟</mo></munder><mtext>imaginary</mtext></munder></mrow><mo>⏞</mo></mover><mtext>complex number</mtext></mover></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">c = \overset{\text{complex number}}{\overbrace{\underset{\text{real}}{\underbrace{\mspace{20mu} a\mspace{20mu}}} + \underset{\text{imaginary}}{\underbrace{\quad b{\mathbb{i}}\quad}}}}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-025" class="wp-block-group section ctest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span>
<span class="test-id">mathml-025</span>Testing <code>mtable</code> with <code>colspan</code> and <code>rowspan</code> attributes, Hebrew and Script fonts</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether <code>mtable</code> with <code>colspan</code> and <code>mspace</code> attributes (column and row spanning) are supported; uses Hebrew and Script alphabets.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mtable><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>cov</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>ℒ</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>non</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>𝒦</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>cof</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>𝒦</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>cof</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>ℒ</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><msup><mn>2</mn><msub><mi>ℵ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></msup></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mstyle mathvariant="fraktur"><mi>𝔟</mi></mstyle></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mstyle mathvariant="fraktur"><mi>𝔡</mi></mstyle></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><msub><mi>ℵ</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>add</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>ℒ</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>add</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>𝒦</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>cov</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>𝒦</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>non</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>ℒ</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd></mtd></mtr></mtable><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\begin{matrix}
 &amp; {\operatorname{cov}(\mathcal{L})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{non}(\mathcal{K})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{cof}(\mathcal{K})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{cof}(\mathcal{L})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; 2^{\aleph_{0}} \\
 &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \\
 &amp; {\mathfrak{b}} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\mathfrak{d}} &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; \\
 &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; \\
\aleph_{1} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{add}(\mathcal{L})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{add}(\mathcal{K})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{cov}(\mathcal{K})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{non}(\mathcal{L})} &amp; 
\end{matrix}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicho%C5%84&#039;s_diagram">Cichoń&#039;s Diagram</a>: .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-026" class="wp-block-group section ctest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span>
<span class="test-id">mathml-026</span>BiDi, RTL and Arabic alphabets</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether right-to-left and Arabic alphabets are supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">{</mo><mtable><mtr><mtd><mrow><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>�</mi><mi>�</mi></mrow></munderover><mi>�</mi><msup><mo>�</mo><mrow><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mtd><mtd><mrow><mtext>إذاكان</mtext><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mrow><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>�</mi><mi>�</mi></mrow></msubsup><mrow><mi>�</mi><msup><mo>�</mo><mrow><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo></mrow></msup><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo></mrow></mrow></mtd><mtd><mrow><mtext>إذاكان</mtext><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mo>∈</mo><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo></mrow></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mrow><mrow><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo></mrow><mi>π</mi></mrow></mtd><mtd><mrow><mtext>غيرذلك</mtext><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mtext>مع</mtext><mi>π</mi><mo>≃</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>141</mn><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mtd></mtr></mtable></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{د(س)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}
{\sum\limits_{ٮ = 1}^{ص}س^{ٮ}} &amp; {\text{إذاكان}س &gt; 0} \\
{\int_{1}^{ص}{س^{ٮ}ءس}} &amp; {\text{إذاكان}س \in م} \\
{{طا}\pi} &amp; {\text{غيرذلك}\left( \text{مع}\pi \simeq 3,141 \right)}
\end{matrix} \right.</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like the following image:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-027" class="wp-block-group section ctest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span>
<span class="test-id">mathml-027</span>Elementary math: long division notation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether <code>mlongdiv</code> elements (from elementary math) are supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span class="math">
3
435.3
1306
12
10
9
16
15
1.0
9
1
</span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like the following image: .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="content-switch-001.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-switch-001.xhtml_epub-switch" class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3><code>epub:switch</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-switch-001.xhtml_switch-010" class="wp-block-group section ctest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">switch-010</span> Support</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether the <a href="http://idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-contentdocs.html#sec-xhtml-content-switch"><code>epub:switch</code></a> element is supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PASS</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If only the word &quot;PASS&quot; is rendered before this paragraph, the test passes. If both &quot;PASS&quot; and &quot;FAIL&quot; are rendered, or neither
&quot;PASS&quot; nor &quot;FAIL&quot; is rendered, the test fails.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-switch-001.xhtml_switch-020" class="wp-block-group section otest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span>
<span class="test-id">switch-020</span>
MathML Embedding</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether the MathML namespace is recognized when used in an <a href="http://idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-contentdocs.html#sec-xhtml-epub-case"><code>epub:case</code></a> element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{2x}{+ y - z}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a MathML equation is rendered before this paragraph, the test passes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If test <code>switch-010</code> did not pass, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p><span id="front.xhtml"></span></p>
<section>
<h1>Reflowable EPUB 3 Conformance Test Document: 0100</h1>
<section>
<h2>Status of this Document</h2>
<p>This publication is currently considered <span class="status">[UNDER DEVELOPMENT]</span> by the IDPF.</p>
<p>This publication is part of version <span class="version">X.X</span> of the EPUB 3.0 Compliance Test Suite released on <time class="release">TBD</time>.</p>
<p>Before using this publication to evaluate reading systems, testers are strongly encouraged to verify that they have the latest release by checking the current release version and date of the test suite at <a href="http://idpf.org/">TBD</a></p>
<p>This publication is one of several that currently comprise the EPUB 3 conformance test suite for reflowable content. The complete test suite includes all of the following publications:</p>
<ol>
<li>.</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section>
<h2>About this Document</h2>
<p>This document focuses on human-evaluated binary (pass/fail) tests in a reflowable context. Tests for fixed-layout content and other individual tests that require a dedicated epub file are available in additional sibling documents; refer to the <a href="https://github.com/mgylling/epub-testsuite/wiki/Overview">test suite wiki</a> (<code>https://github.com/mgylling/epub-testsuite/wiki/Overview</code>) for additional information.</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Conventions</h2>
<p>The following conventions are used throughout the document:</p>
<dl>
<dt>1. Locating a test</dt>
<dd>
<div class="ctest">
<p>Tests for <em>required</em> Reading System functionality are preceded by the label: <span class="nature" style="display: inline; font-size: 100%">[REQUIRED]</span></p>
</div>
<div class="otest">
<p>Tests for <em>optional</em> Reading System functionality are preceded by the label: <span class="nature" style="display: inline; font-size: 100%">[OPTIONAL]</span></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt>2. Performing the test</dt>
<dd>
Each test includes a description of its purpose followed by the actual <strong>test statement, which can always be evaluated to true or false</strong>. These statements typically have the form: &quot;If [some condition], the test passes&quot;.
</dd>
<dt>3. Scoring in the results form</dt>
<dd>
@@@TODO provide info on where to get the results form
</dd>
</dl>
</section>
</section>
<p><span id="content-mathml-001.xhtml"></span></p>
<section>
<h2 id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml">MathML</h2>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-010" class="ctest">
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">mathml-010</span> Rendering</h2>
<p>Tests whether MathML equation rendering is supported.</p>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mrow><mo>-</mo><mi>∞</mi></mrow><mi>∞</mi></msubsup><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></msup><mspace width="0.1667em"></mspace><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><msqrt><mi>π</mi></msqrt></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\int_{- \infty}^{\infty}e^{- x^{2}}\, dx = \sqrt{\pi}</annotation></semantics></math> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>∞</mi></munderover><mfrac><mn>1</mn><msup><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mn>6</mn></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\sum\limits_{n = 1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^{2}} = \frac{\pi^{2}}{6}</annotation></semantics></math> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mo>-</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>±</mo><msqrt><mrow><msup><mi>b</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow></msqrt></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>a</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">x = \frac{- b \pm \sqrt{b^{2} - 4ac}}{2a}</annotation></semantics></math>
<p>If the preceding equations are not presented as linear text (e.g., x=-b±b2-4ac2a), the test passes.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-020" class="otest">
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span> <span class="test-id">mathml-020</span> CSS Styling of the <code>math</code> element</h2>
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the <code>math</code> element.</p>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{2x}{+ y - z}</annotation></semantics></math>
<p>The test passes if the equation has a yellow background and a dashed border.</p>
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-021" class="otest">
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span> <span class="test-id">mathml-021</span> CSS Styling of the <code>mo</code> element</h2>
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the <code>mo</code> element.</p>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{2x}{+ y - z}</annotation></semantics></math>
<p>The test passes if the operators are enlarged relative to the other symbols and numbers.</p>
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-022" class="otest">
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span> <span class="test-id">mathml-022</span> CSS Styling of the <code>mi</code> element</h2>
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the <code>mi</code> element.</p>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{2x}{+ y - z}</annotation></semantics></math>
<p>The test passes if the identifiers are bolded and blue.</p>
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-023" class="otest">
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span> <span class="test-id">mathml-023</span> CSS Styling of the <code>mn</code> element</h2>
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the <code>mn</code> element.</p>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{2x}{+ y - z}</annotation></semantics></math>
<p>The test passes if the number 2 is italicized and blue.</p>
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-024" class="ctest">
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">mathml-024</span>Horizontal stretch, <code>mover</code>, <code>munder</code>, and <code>mspace</code> elements</h2>
<p>Tests whether horizontal stretch, <code>mover</code>, <code>munder</code>, <code>mspace</code> elements are supported.</p>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>c</mi><mo>=</mo><mover><mover><mrow><munder><munder><mrow><mspace width="20mu"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mspace width="20mu"></mspace></mrow><mo>⏟</mo></munder><mtext>real</mtext></munder><mo>+</mo><munder><munder><mrow><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mi>b</mi><mstyle mathvariant="double-struck"><mi>𝕚</mi></mstyle><mspace width="1em"></mspace></mrow><mo>⏟</mo></munder><mtext>imaginary</mtext></munder></mrow><mo>⏞</mo></mover><mtext>complex number</mtext></mover></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">c = \overset{\text{complex number}}{\overbrace{\underset{\text{real}}{\underbrace{\mspace{20mu} a\mspace{20mu}}} + \underset{\text{imaginary}}{\underbrace{\quad b{\mathbb{i}}\quad}}}}</annotation></semantics></math>
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like .</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-025" class="ctest">
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">mathml-025</span>Testing <code>mtable</code> with <code>colspan</code> and <code>rowspan</code> attributes, Hebrew and Script fonts</h2>
<p>Tests whether <code>mtable</code> with <code>colspan</code> and <code>mspace</code> attributes (column and row spanning) are supported; uses Hebrew and Script alphabets.</p>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mtable><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>cov</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>ℒ</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>non</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>𝒦</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>cof</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>𝒦</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>cof</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>ℒ</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><msup><mn>2</mn><msub><mi>ℵ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></msup></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mstyle mathvariant="fraktur"><mi>𝔟</mi></mstyle></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mstyle mathvariant="fraktur"><mi>𝔡</mi></mstyle></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo>↑</mo></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><msub><mi>ℵ</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>add</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>ℒ</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>add</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>𝒦</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>cov</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>𝒦</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mo>→</mo></mtd><mtd><mrow><mi>non</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mstyle mathvariant="script"><mi>ℒ</mi></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd></mtd></mtr></mtable><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\begin{matrix}
 &amp; {\operatorname{cov}(\mathcal{L})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{non}(\mathcal{K})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{cof}(\mathcal{K})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{cof}(\mathcal{L})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; 2^{\aleph_{0}} \\
 &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \\
 &amp; {\mathfrak{b}} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\mathfrak{d}} &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; \\
 &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; \\
\aleph_{1} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{add}(\mathcal{L})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{add}(\mathcal{K})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{cov}(\mathcal{K})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{non}(\mathcal{L})} &amp; 
\end{matrix}</annotation></semantics></math>
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicho%C5%84&#039;s_diagram">Cichoń&#039;s Diagram</a>: .</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-026" class="ctest">
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">mathml-026</span>BiDi, RTL and Arabic alphabets</h2>
<p>Tests whether right-to-left and Arabic alphabets are supported.</p>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">{</mo><mtable><mtr><mtd><mrow><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>�</mi><mi>�</mi></mrow></munderover><mi>�</mi><msup><mo>�</mo><mrow><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mtd><mtd><mrow><mtext>إذاكان</mtext><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mrow><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>�</mi><mi>�</mi></mrow></msubsup><mrow><mi>�</mi><msup><mo>�</mo><mrow><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo></mrow></msup><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo></mrow></mrow></mtd><mtd><mrow><mtext>إذاكان</mtext><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mo>∈</mo><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo></mrow></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mrow><mrow><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo><mi>�</mi><mo>�</mo></mrow><mi>π</mi></mrow></mtd><mtd><mrow><mtext>غيرذلك</mtext><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mtext>مع</mtext><mi>π</mi><mo>≃</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>141</mn><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mtd></mtr></mtable></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{د(س)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}
{\sum\limits_{ٮ = 1}^{ص}س^{ٮ}} &amp; {\text{إذاكان}س &gt; 0} \\
{\int_{1}^{ص}{س^{ٮ}ءس}} &amp; {\text{إذاكان}س \in م} \\
{{طا}\pi} &amp; {\text{غيرذلك}\left( \text{مع}\pi \simeq 3,141 \right)}
\end{matrix} \right.</annotation></semantics></math>
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like the following image:</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-027" class="ctest">
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">mathml-027</span>Elementary math: long division notation</h2>
<p>Tests whether <code>mlongdiv</code> elements (from elementary math) are supported.</p>
<span class="math" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> 3 435.3 1306 12 10 9 16 15 1.0 9 1 </span>
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like the following image: .</p>
</section>
</section>
<p><span id="content-switch-001.xhtml"></span></p>
<section id="content-switch-001.xhtml_epub-switch">
<h3><code>epub:switch</code></h3>
<section id="content-switch-001.xhtml_switch-010" class="ctest">
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">switch-010</span> Support</h4>
<p>Tests whether the <a href="http://idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-contentdocs.html#sec-xhtml-content-switch"><code>epub:switch</code></a> element is supported.</p>
<p>PASS</p>
<p>If only the word &quot;PASS&quot; is rendered before this paragraph, the test passes. If both &quot;PASS&quot; and &quot;FAIL&quot; are rendered, or neither &quot;PASS&quot; nor &quot;FAIL&quot; is rendered, the test fails.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-switch-001.xhtml_switch-020" class="otest">
<h4><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span> <span class="test-id">switch-020</span> MathML Embedding</h4>
<p>Tests whether the MathML namespace is recognized when used in an <a href="http://idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-contentdocs.html#sec-xhtml-epub-case"><code>epub:case</code></a> element.</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{2x}{+ y - z}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<p>If a MathML equation is rendered before this paragraph, the test passes.</p>
<p>If test <code>switch-010</code> did not pass, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
</section>
</section></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p><span id="front.xhtml"></span></p>
<h1>Reflowable EPUB 3 Conformance Test Document: 0100</h1>
<h2>Status of this Document</h2>
<p>This publication is currently considered <span class="status">[UNDER
DEVELOPMENT]</span> by the IDPF.</p>
<p>This publication is part of version <span class="version">X.X</span>
of the EPUB 3.0 Compliance Test Suite released on
<time class="release">TBD</time>.</p>
<p>Before using this publication to evaluate reading systems, testers
are strongly encouraged to verify that they have the latest release by
checking the current release version and date of the test suite at <a
href="http://idpf.org/">TBD</a></p>
<p>This publication is one of several that currently comprise the EPUB 3
conformance test suite for reflowable content. The complete test suite
includes all of the following publications:</p>
<ol>
<li>.</li>
</ol>
<h2>About this Document</h2>
<p>This document focuses on human-evaluated binary (pass/fail) tests in
a reflowable context. Tests for fixed-layout content and other
individual tests that require a dedicated epub file are available in
additional sibling documents; refer to the <a
href="https://github.com/mgylling/epub-testsuite/wiki/Overview">test
suite wiki</a>
(<code>https://github.com/mgylling/epub-testsuite/wiki/Overview</code>)
for additional information.</p>
<h2>Conventions</h2>
<p>The following conventions are used throughout the document:</p>
<dl>
<dt>1. Locating a test</dt>
<dd>
<div class="ctest">
<p>Tests for <em>required</em> Reading System functionality are preceded
by the label: <span class="nature"
style="display: inline; font-size: 100%">[REQUIRED]</span></p>
</div>
<div class="otest">
<p>Tests for <em>optional</em> Reading System functionality are preceded
by the label: <span class="nature"
style="display: inline; font-size: 100%">[OPTIONAL]</span></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt>2. Performing the test</dt>
<dd>
Each test includes a description of its purpose followed by the actual
<strong>test statement, which can always be evaluated to true or
false</strong>. These statements typically have the form: "If [some
condition], the test passes".
</dd>
<dt>3. Scoring in the results form</dt>
<dd>
@@@TODO provide info on where to get the results form
</dd>
</dl>
<p><span id="content-mathml-001.xhtml"></span></p>
<section>
<h2 id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml">MathML</h2>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-010" class="ctest">
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span
class="test-id">mathml-010</span> Rendering</h2>
<p>Tests whether MathML equation rendering is supported.</p>
<span class="math display">$$\int_{- \infty}^{\infty}e^{- x^{2}}\, dx =
\sqrt{\pi}$$</span> <span class="math display">$$\sum\limits_{n =
1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^{2}} = \frac{\pi^{2}}{6}$$</span> <span
class="math display">$$x = \frac{- b \pm \sqrt{b^{2} -
4ac}}{2a}$$</span>
<p>If the preceding equations are not presented as linear text (e.g.,
x=-b±b2-4ac2a), the test passes.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-020" class="otest">
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span> <span
class="test-id">mathml-020</span> CSS Styling of the <code>math</code>
element</h2>
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the
<code>math</code> element.</p>
<span class="math inline">2<em>x</em>+<em>y</em> − <em>z</em></span>
<p>The test passes if the equation has a yellow background and a dashed
border.</p>
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support
CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-021" class="otest">
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span> <span
class="test-id">mathml-021</span> CSS Styling of the <code>mo</code>
element</h2>
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the
<code>mo</code> element.</p>
<span class="math inline">2<em>x</em>+<em>y</em> − <em>z</em></span>
<p>The test passes if the operators are enlarged relative to the other
symbols and numbers.</p>
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support
CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-022" class="otest">
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span> <span
class="test-id">mathml-022</span> CSS Styling of the <code>mi</code>
element</h2>
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the
<code>mi</code> element.</p>
<span class="math inline">2<em>x</em>+<em>y</em> − <em>z</em></span>
<p>The test passes if the identifiers are bolded and blue.</p>
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support
CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-023" class="otest">
<h2><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span> <span
class="test-id">mathml-023</span> CSS Styling of the <code>mn</code>
element</h2>
<p>Tests whether basic CSS styling of MathML is supported on the
<code>mn</code> element.</p>
<span class="math inline">2<em>x</em>+<em>y</em> − <em>z</em></span>
<p>The test passes if the number 2 is italicized and blue.</p>
<p>If the reading system does not have a viewport, or does not support
CSS styles, this test should be marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-024" class="ctest">
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span
class="test-id">mathml-024</span>Horizontal stretch, <code>mover</code>,
<code>munder</code>, and <code>mspace</code> elements</h2>
<p>Tests whether horizontal stretch, <code>mover</code>,
<code>munder</code>, <code>mspace</code> elements are supported.</p>
<span class="math display">$$c = \overset{\text{complex
number}}{\overbrace{\underset{\text{real}}{\underbrace{\mspace{20mu}
a\mspace{20mu}}} + \underset{\text{imaginary}}{\underbrace{\quad
b{\mathbb{i}}\quad}}}}$$</span>
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like .</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-025" class="ctest">
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span
class="test-id">mathml-025</span>Testing <code>mtable</code> with
<code>colspan</code> and <code>rowspan</code> attributes, Hebrew and
Script fonts</h2>
<p>Tests whether <code>mtable</code> with <code>colspan</code> and
<code>mspace</code> attributes (column and row spanning) are supported;
uses Hebrew and Script alphabets.</p>
<span class="math display">$$\begin{matrix}
&amp; {\operatorname{cov}(\mathcal{L})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp;
{\operatorname{non}(\mathcal{K})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp;
{\operatorname{cof}(\mathcal{K})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp;
{\operatorname{cof}(\mathcal{L})} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp;
2^{\aleph_{0}} \\
&amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp;
\uparrow &amp; &amp; \\
&amp; {\mathfrak{b}} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\mathfrak{d}} &amp;
&amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; \\
&amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; \uparrow &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp; &amp;
\\
\aleph_{1} &amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{add}(\mathcal{L})}
&amp; \longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{add}(\mathcal{K})} &amp;
\longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{cov}(\mathcal{K})} &amp;
\longrightarrow &amp; {\operatorname{non}(\mathcal{L})} &amp;
\end{matrix}$$</span>
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicho%C5%84&#39;s_diagram">Cichoń's
Diagram</a>: .</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-026" class="ctest">
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span
class="test-id">mathml-026</span>BiDi, RTL and Arabic alphabets</h2>
<p>Tests whether right-to-left and Arabic alphabets are supported.</p>
<span class="math display">$${د(س)} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}
{\sum\limits_{ٮ = 1}^{ص}س^{ٮ}} &amp; {\text{إذاكان}س &gt; 0} \\
{\int_{1}^{ص}{س^{ٮ}ءس}} &amp; {\text{إذاكان}س \in م} \\
{{طا}\pi} &amp; {\text{غيرذلك}\left( \text{مع}\pi \simeq 3,141 \right)}
\end{matrix} \right.$$</span>
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like the following image:</p>
</section>
<section id="content-mathml-001.xhtml_mathml-027" class="ctest">
<h2><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span
class="test-id">mathml-027</span>Elementary math: long division
notation</h2>
<p>Tests whether <code>mlongdiv</code> elements (from elementary math)
are supported.</p>
<span class="math" data-xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> 3
435.3 1306 12 10 9 16 15 1.0 9 1 </span>
<p>The test passes if the rendering looks like the following image:
.</p>
</section>
</section>
<p><span id="content-switch-001.xhtml"></span></p>
<h3
id="content-switch-001.xhtml_epub-switch"><code>epub:switch</code></h3>
<section id="content-switch-001.xhtml_switch-010" class="ctest">
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span
class="test-id">switch-010</span> Support</h4>
<p>Tests whether the <a
href="http://idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-contentdocs.html#sec-xhtml-content-switch"><code>epub:switch</code></a>
element is supported.</p>
<p>PASS</p>
<p>If only the word "PASS" is rendered before this paragraph, the test
passes. If both "PASS" and "FAIL" are rendered, or neither "PASS" nor
"FAIL" is rendered, the test fails.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-switch-001.xhtml_switch-020" class="otest">
<h4><span class="nature">[OPTIONAL]</span> <span
class="test-id">switch-020</span> MathML Embedding</h4>
<p>Tests whether the MathML namespace is recognized when used in an <a
href="http://idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-contentdocs.html#sec-xhtml-epub-case"><code>epub:case</code></a>
element.</p>
<p><span
class="math inline">2<em>x</em>+<em>y</em> − <em>z</em></span></p>
<p>If a MathML equation is rendered before this paragraph, the test
passes.</p>
<p>If test <code>switch-010</code> did not pass, this test should be
marked <code>Not Supported</code>.</p>
</section>
</body></html>
EPUB reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 76/76 checked-in package/native pairs plus the upstream media-bag tuples; the reader resolves the OPF rootfile, metadata, XHTML spine, package-relative href/src resources, EPUB3 nav, and NCX fallback entries through the shared HTML-capable reader path.

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

EPUB fixture with packaged image content from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/image/image.jpg" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="9713" data-pandoc-media-sha1="7f0a2bbb97241f00ee7da080055571640c8752a2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="afcbabdab28b9ba928e741822a2941839feb1d21" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="EPUB_Pandoc_Test.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="EPUB_Pandoc_Test.xhtml__idContainer000" class="wp-block-group Einfacher-Textrahmen">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span class="CharOverride-1">Pandoc EPUB2 Test</span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p><img src="media/image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="9713" data-pandoc-media-sha1="7f0a2bbb97241f00ee7da080055571640c8752a2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="image/image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="afcbabdab28b9ba928e741822a2941839feb1d21" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><span id="EPUB_Pandoc_Test.xhtml"></span></p>
<div id="EPUB_Pandoc_Test.xhtml__idContainer000" class="Einfacher-Textrahmen">
<p><span class="CharOverride-1">Pandoc EPUB2 Test</span></p>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p><img src="image/image.jpg" /></p>
<p><span id="EPUB_Pandoc_Test.xhtml"></span></p>
<div id="EPUB_Pandoc_Test.xhtml__idContainer000"
class="Einfacher-Textrahmen">
<p><span class="CharOverride-1">Pandoc EPUB2 Test</span></p>
</div>
</body></html>
EPUB reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 76/76 checked-in package/native pairs plus the upstream media-bag tuples; the reader resolves the OPF rootfile, metadata, XHTML spine, package-relative href/src resources, EPUB3 nav, and NCX fallback entries through the shared HTML-capable reader path.

EPUB image coverage

20478 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at test/epub/img.epub

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

EPUB fixture focused on embedded image handling.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-path="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="10060" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c8c41601a6ede13edb8bf9c41c1868efa4ccc424" data-pandoc-media-source-path="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="cca6f7e42cc4f9e50fb13cbeb91bf768d38836e5" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="content-images-001.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="content-images-001.xhtml_multimedia">Multimedia</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="content-images-001.xhtml_images">Images</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-images-001.xhtml_img-010" class="wp-block-group section ctest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">img-010</span> GIF</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether the GIF image format is supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/img/check.gif" alt="gif test" data-pandoc-media-source="img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1340" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5614c9684efc82abab12debb90a03f8fad09d3c4" data-pandoc-media-source-path="img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="768dc3bb4d29568512b602615411c685df408d04" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a checkmark precedes this paragaph, the test passes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-images-001.xhtml_img-020" class="wp-block-group section ctest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">img-020</span> PNG</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether the PNG image format is supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/img/check.png" alt="png test" data-pandoc-media-source="img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-path="img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2815" data-pandoc-media-sha1="ce05ae1e76f69391d38bebb9942f70a369ba7fdb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="e6ea5c3f66259e4ebf433cb7a3476c0e002aae90" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a checkmark precedes this paragaph, the test passes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="content-images-001.xhtml_img-030" class="wp-block-group section ctest">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">img-030</span> JPEG</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tests whether the JPEG image format is supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/img/check.jpg" alt="jpeg test" data-pandoc-media-source="img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2661" data-pandoc-media-sha1="2e7c61b6789ba693e38cf5d0c55876c860139f23" data-pandoc-media-source-path="img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="52a42c85ad0e53d43d1b03c46a04799e18d86cae" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a checkmark precedes this paragaph, the test passes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p><img src="media/img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-source="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-path="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="10060" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c8c41601a6ede13edb8bf9c41c1868efa4ccc424" data-pandoc-media-source-path="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="cca6f7e42cc4f9e50fb13cbeb91bf768d38836e5" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><span id="content-images-001.xhtml"></span></p>
<section>
<h2 id="content-images-001.xhtml_multimedia">Multimedia</h2>
<section>
<h3 id="content-images-001.xhtml_images">Images</h3>
<section id="content-images-001.xhtml_img-010" class="ctest">
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">img-010</span> GIF</h4>
<p>Tests whether the GIF image format is supported.</p>
<img src="media/img/check.gif" alt="gif test" data-pandoc-media-source="img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1340" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5614c9684efc82abab12debb90a03f8fad09d3c4" data-pandoc-media-source-path="img/check.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="768dc3bb4d29568512b602615411c685df408d04" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
<p>If a checkmark precedes this paragaph, the test passes.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-images-001.xhtml_img-020" class="ctest">
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">img-020</span> PNG</h4>
<p>Tests whether the PNG image format is supported.</p>
<img src="media/img/check.png" alt="png test" data-pandoc-media-source="img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-path="img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2815" data-pandoc-media-sha1="ce05ae1e76f69391d38bebb9942f70a369ba7fdb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="img/check.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="e6ea5c3f66259e4ebf433cb7a3476c0e002aae90" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
<p>If a checkmark precedes this paragaph, the test passes.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-images-001.xhtml_img-030" class="ctest">
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span class="test-id">img-030</span> JPEG</h4>
<p>Tests whether the JPEG image format is supported.</p>
<img src="media/img/check.jpg" alt="jpeg test" data-pandoc-media-source="img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2661" data-pandoc-media-sha1="2e7c61b6789ba693e38cf5d0c55876c860139f23" data-pandoc-media-source-path="img/check.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="52a42c85ad0e53d43d1b03c46a04799e18d86cae" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
<p>If a checkmark precedes this paragaph, the test passes.</p>
</section>
</section>
</section></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p><img src="img/multiscripts_and_greek_alphabet.png" /></p>
<p><span id="content-images-001.xhtml"></span></p>
<h2 id="content-images-001.xhtml_multimedia">Multimedia</h2>
<h3 id="content-images-001.xhtml_images">Images</h3>
<section id="content-images-001.xhtml_img-010" class="ctest">
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span
class="test-id">img-010</span> GIF</h4>
<p>Tests whether the GIF image format is supported.</p>
<img src="img/check.gif" alt="gif test" />
<p>If a checkmark precedes this paragaph, the test passes.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-images-001.xhtml_img-020" class="ctest">
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span
class="test-id">img-020</span> PNG</h4>
<p>Tests whether the PNG image format is supported.</p>
<img src="img/check.png" alt="png test" />
<p>If a checkmark precedes this paragaph, the test passes.</p>
</section>
<section id="content-images-001.xhtml_img-030" class="ctest">
<h4><span class="nature">[REQUIRED]</span> <span
class="test-id">img-030</span> JPEG</h4>
<p>Tests whether the JPEG image format is supported.</p>
<img src="img/check.jpg" alt="jpeg test" />
<p>If a checkmark precedes this paragaph, the test passes.</p>
</section>
</body></html>
EPUB reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 76/76 checked-in package/native pairs plus the upstream media-bag tuples; the reader resolves the OPF rootfile, metadata, XHTML spine, package-relative href/src resources, EPUB3 nav, and NCX fallback entries through the shared HTML-capable reader path.

Illustrated Alice EPUB

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Real Project Gutenberg EPUB3 with chapter XHTML, CSS, navigation, cover art, and dozens of illustrations.

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WP blocksok
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_cover.jpg" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="54065" data-pandoc-media-sha1="ea09cf6b6ec195f81858f8a222cbeed474a6e63b" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_cover.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="5472861326aa401eef6643c280eebd379da86501" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="wrap0000.xhtml"></span></p>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group x-ebookmaker-cover">
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<p><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" height="100%" preserveaspectratio="xMidYMid meet" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 350 500" width="100%">
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<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pg-header" class="wp-block-group pg-boilerplate pgheader header" lang="en">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pg-header-heading" title="">The Project Gutenberg eBook of <span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pg-title-no-subtitle" lang="en">Alice&#039;s Adventures in Wonderland</span></h2>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online
at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org" class="reference external">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you are not located in the United States,
you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located
before using this eBook.</p>
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</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pg-machine-header" class="wp-block-group container">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Title</strong>: Alice&#039;s Adventures in Wonderland</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pg-header-authlist" class="wp-block-group">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Author</strong>: Lewis Carroll</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Contributor</strong>: Austin Dobson</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Illustrator</strong>: Arthur Rackham</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Release date</strong>: May 19, 2009 [eBook #28885]<br/>Most recently updated: January 5, 2021</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Language</strong>: English</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Other information and formats</strong>: <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/28885">www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/28885</a></p>
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<p><strong>Credits</strong>: Produced by Jana Srna, Emmy and the Online Distributed<br/>Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was<br/>produced from images generously made available by the<br/>University of Florida Digital Collections.)</p>
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</div>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pg-start-separator" class="wp-block-group">
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<p><span>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ALICE&#039;S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND ***</span></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code></code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00000" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[ii]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_ii" title="[ii]"></span></span></p>
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<div class="wp-block-group figcenter"></div>
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<div class="wp-block-group figcenter">
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_endpapers.jpg" alt="Endpapers" id="img_images_endpapers.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_endpapers.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_endpapers.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_endpapers.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_endpapers.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_endpapers.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="36885" data-pandoc-media-sha1="0512a760eb90165778515cb385a57bbff10ebf2b" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_endpapers.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="47902263fc2d3a0142250fdfb5246d334f5c7508" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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</div>
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<h4 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00001">There are several editions of this ebook in the Project Gutenberg collection. Various characteristics of each ebook are listed to aid in selecting the preferred file.<br/>Click on any of the filenumbers below to quickly view each ebook.</h4>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:3px"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><strong><a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/19002/19002-h/19002-h.htm" id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_id-3569619458391432085">19002</a></strong></td><td>(Black and White illustrations)</td></tr><tr><td><strong><a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/19033/19033-h/19033-h.htm" id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_id-741858320490458207">19033</a></strong></td><td>(Illustrations in Color and Black and White)</td></tr><tr><td><strong><a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/28885/28885-h/28885-h.htm" id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_id-3762813277344627719">28885</a></strong></td><td>(Illustrations in Color and Black and White)</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00002">ALICE&#039;S ADVENTURES<br/>IN WONDERLAND</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00003" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[iv]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_iv" title="[iv]"></span></span></p>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figcenter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_front"></span>
<img src="media/360840914614224901_f0002-image.jpg" alt="&quot;Alice&quot;" id="img_images_f0002-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_f0002-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_f0002-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_f0002-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_f0002-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_f0002-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="42048" data-pandoc-media-sha1="aa843d27646b5ba7a2b929717b0c04c4c1f09cbb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_f0002-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="154be16bdcdcf0c711ec221cff88014510c80210" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></p>
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</div>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00004" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[iii]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_iii" title="[iii]"></span></span></p>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figcenter">
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_title.png" alt="Title page" id="img_images_title.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_title.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_title.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_title.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_title.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_title.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="32038" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f9c1cbdcaec8efcd38828f7e491ab54131ee244a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_title.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0560851753aa2804712026b80a9ffa08115213b3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00005" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[v]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_v" title="[v]"></span></span></p>
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<p><span class="smcap">Printed in England</span><br/></p>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00006" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[vi]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_vi" title="[vi]"></span></span></p>
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<p><em>&#039;Tis two score years since <span class="smcap">Carroll&#039;s</span> art,</em><br/><span><em>With topsy-turvy magic,</em></span><br/><span><em>Sent <span class="smcap">Alice</span> wondering through a part</em></span><br/><span><em>Half-comic and half-tragic.</em></span><br/><br/><em>Enchanting <span class="smcap">Alice</span>! Black-and-white</em><br/><span><em>Has made your deeds perennial;</em></span><br/><span><em>And naught save &quot;Chaos and old Night&quot;</em></span><br/><span><em>Can part you now from <span class="smcap">Tenniel</span>;</em></span><br/><br/><em>But still you are a Type, and based</em><br/><span><em>In Truth, like <span class="smcap">Lear</span> and <span class="smcap">Hamlet</span>;</em></span><br/><span><em>And Types may be re-draped to taste</em></span><br/><span><em>In cloth-of-gold or camlet.</em></span><br/><br/><em>Here comes afresh Costumier, then;</em><br/><span><em>That Taste may gain a wrinkle</em></span><br/><span><em>From him who drew with such deft pen</em></span><br/><span><em>The rags of <span class="smcap">Rip Van Winkle</span>!</em></span><br/></p>
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<p><br/><em>AUSTIN DOBSON.</em><br/></p>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00007" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[vii]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_vii" title="[vii]"></span></span></p>
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<p><br/><br/>All in the golden afternoon<br/><span>Full leisurely we glide;</span><br/>For both our oars, with little skill,<br/><span>By little arms are plied,</span><br/>While little hands make vain pretence<br/><span>Our wanderings to guide.</span><br/><br/>Ah, cruel Three! In such an hour,<br/><span>Beneath such dreamy weather,</span><br/>To beg a tale of breath too weak<br/><span>To stir the tiniest feather!</span><br/>Yet what can one poor voice avail<br/><span>Against three tongues together?</span><br/><br/>Imperious Prima flashes forth<br/><span>Her edict &quot;to begin it&quot;—</span><br/>In gentler tone Secunda hopes<br/><span>&quot;There will be nonsense in it!&quot;—</span><br/>While Tertia interrupts the tale<br/><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00008" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[viii]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_viii" title="[viii]"></span></span><span>Not <em>more</em> than once a minute.</span><br/><br/>Anon, to sudden silence won,<br/><span>In fancy they pursue</span><br/>The dream-child moving through a land<br/><span>Of wonders wild and new,</span><br/>In friendly chat with bird or beast—<br/><span>And half believe it true.</span><br/><br/>And ever, as the story drained<br/><span>The wells of fancy dry.</span><br/>And faintly strove that weary one<br/><span>To put the subject by,</span><br/>&quot;The rest next time—&quot; &quot;It <em>is</em> next time!&quot;<br/><span>The happy voices cry.</span><br/><br/>Thus grew the tale of Wonderland:<br/><span>Thus slowly, one by one,</span><br/>Its quaint events were hammered out—<br/><span>And now the tale is done,</span><br/>And home we steer, a merry crew,<br/><span>Beneath the setting sun.</span><br/><br/>Alice! a childish story take,<br/><span>And with a gentle hand</span><br/>Lay it where Childhood&#039;s dreams are twined<br/><span>In Memory&#039;s mystic band,</span><br/>Like pilgrim&#039;s wither&#039;d wreath of flowers<br/><span>Pluck&#039;d in a far-off land.</span><br/></p>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00009" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[ix]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_ix" title="[ix]"></span></span></p>
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<h2 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00010">CONTENTS</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_spine.jpg" alt="Book spine" id="img_images_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="9908" data-pandoc-media-sha1="e6efcd1d7feb09b4748533a455ee7997e924f4fb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="98be5ec9255e2fc31a97e3091f4f48985956924d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td><td style="text-align: left"><div class="center"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="Contents"><colgroup><col style="width:33.3333%"/><col style="width:33.3333%"/><col style="width:33.3333%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="small">PAGE</span></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">I. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">Down the Rabbit-hole</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_1" class="pginternal">1</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">II. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">The Pool of Tears</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_13" class="pginternal">13</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">III. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">A Caucus-race and a Long Tale</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_24" class="pginternal">24</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">IV. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">The Rabbit sends in a Little Bill</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_35" class="pginternal">35</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">V. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">Advice from a Caterpillar</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_49" class="pginternal">49</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">VI. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">Pig and Pepper</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_64" class="pginternal">64</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">VII. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">A Mad Tea-party</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_82" class="pginternal">82</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">VIII. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">The Queen&#039;s Croquet-ground</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_96" class="pginternal">96</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">IX. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">The Mock Turtle&#039;s Story</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_111" class="pginternal">111</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">X. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">The Lobster Quadrille</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_126" class="pginternal">126</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">XI. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">Who Stole the Tarts?</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_139" class="pginternal">139</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: right">XII. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">Alice&#039;s Evidence</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_150" class="pginternal">150</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00011" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[xi]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_xi" title="[xi]"></span></span></p>
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<h2 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00012">LIST OF THE PLATES</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="List of Illustrations"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><em>To face page</em></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>Alice</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_front" class="pginternal"><em>Frontispiece</em></a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>The Pool of Tears</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_22" class="pginternal">22</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>They all crowded round it panting and asking, &quot;But who has won?&quot;</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_28" class="pginternal">28</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>&quot;Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?&quot;</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_36" class="pginternal">36</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>Advice from a Caterpillar</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_50" class="pginternal">50</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>An unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and very nearly carried it off</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_70" class="pginternal">70</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>It grunted again so violently that she looked down into its face in some alarm</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_74" class="pginternal">74</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>A Mad Tea-Party</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_84" class="pginternal">84</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>The Queen turned angrily away from him and said to the Knave, &quot;Turn them over&quot;</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_100" class="pginternal">100</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>The Queen never left off quarrelling with the other players, and shouting &quot;Off with his head!&quot; or, &quot;Off with her head!&quot;</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_116" class="pginternal">116</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>The Mock Turtle drew a long breath and said, &quot;That&#039;s very curious&quot;</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_132" class="pginternal">132</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>Who stole the Tarts?</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_140" class="pginternal">140</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1"><p>At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and came flying down upon her</p></div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_158" class="pginternal">158</a></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00013" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[1]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_1" title="[1]"></span></span></p>
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<p>CHAPTER I</p>
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<p><em>Down the
Rabbit-Hole</em></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_a.png" alt="A" id="img_images_a.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1958" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c9ae16ac0296d858d1fd9aadb7283a1c6f379d8e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bb6a733e0f93f880cb45975e3623f2d83734d898" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<p>LICE was beginning to get very
tired of sitting by her sister on
the bank, and of having nothing
to do: once or twice she had
peeped into the book her sister was reading,
but it had no pictures or conversations in
it, &quot;and what is the use of a book,&quot; thought
Alice, &quot;without pictures or conversations?&quot;</p>
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<p>So she was considering in her own mind
(as well as she could, for the hot day made
her feel very sleepy and stupid) whether the
pleasure of making a daisy-chain would be
worth the trouble of getting up and picking
the daisies, when suddenly a White Rabbit
with pink eyes ran close by her.</p>
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<p>There was nothing so <em>very</em> remarkable in
that; nor did Alice think it so <em>very</em> much out
of the way to hear the Rabbit say to itself, &quot;Oh
dear! Oh dear! I shall be too late!&quot; (when<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00014" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[2]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_2" title="[2]"></span></span>
she thought it over afterwards, it occurred
to her that she ought to have wondered at
this, but at the time it all seemed quite
natural); but when the Rabbit actually <em>took
a watch out of its waistcoat-pocket</em>, and
looked at it, and then hurried on, Alice
started to her feet, for it flashed across her
mind that she had never before seen a rabbit
with either a waistcoat-pocket, or a watch to
take out of it, and burning with curiosity,
she ran across the field after it, and was just
in time to see it pop down a large rabbit-hole
under the hedge.</p>
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<p>In another moment down went Alice after
it, never once considering how in the world
she was to get out again.</p>
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<p>The rabbit-hole went straight on like a
tunnel for some way, and then dipped
suddenly down, so suddenly that Alice had
not a moment to think about stopping herself
before she found herself falling down what
seemed to be a very deep well.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table class="rabbithole" summary="rabbithole"><colgroup><col style="width:100%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="blockquot2"><p>Either the well was very deep, or she fell
very slowly, for she had plenty of time as she
went down to look about her, and to wonder
what was going to happen next. First, she<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00015" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[3]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_3" title="[3]"></span></span>
tried to look down and make out what she
was coming to, but it was too dark to see
anything; then she looked at the sides of the
well and noticed that they
were filled with cupboards and
book-shelves: here and there
she saw maps and pictures
hung upon pegs. She took
down a jar from one of the
shelves as she passed; it was
labelled &quot;ORANGE MARMALADE,&quot;
but to her disappointment
it was empty;
she did not like to drop the
jar for fear of killing somebody<span class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[4]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_4" title="[4]"></span></span>
underneath, so managed to put it into
one of the cupboards as she fell past it.</p><p>&quot;Well!&quot; thought Alice to herself. &quot;After
such a fall as this, I shall think nothing of
tumbling down stairs! How brave they&#039;ll all
think me at home! Why, I wouldn&#039;t say
anything about it, even if I fell off the
top of the house!&quot; (Which was very likely
true.)</p></div><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>Down, down, down. Would the fall <em>never</em>
come to an end? &quot;I wonder how many miles
I&#039;ve fallen by this time?&quot; she said aloud. &quot;I
must be getting somewhere near the centre of
the earth. Let me see: that would be four
thousand miles down. I think—&quot; (for, you
see, Alice had learnt several things of this
sort in her lessons in the schoolroom, and
though this was not a <em>very</em> good opportunity
for showing off her knowledge, as there was
no one to listen to her, still it was good practice
to say it over) &quot;—yes, that&#039;s about the
right distance—but then I wonder what Latitude
or Longitude I&#039;ve got to?&quot; (Alice had
no idea what Latitude was, or Longitude
either, but thought they were nice grand
words to say.)<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00016" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[5]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_5" title="[5]"></span></span></p>
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<p>Presently she began again. &quot;I wonder if
I shall fall right <em>through</em> the earth! How
funny it&#039;ll seem to come out among the people
that walk with their heads downwards! The
Antipathies, I think—&quot; (she was rather glad
there <em>was</em> no one listening, this time, as it
didn&#039;t sound at all the right word) &quot;—but
I shall have to ask them what the name of the
country is, you know. Please, Ma&#039;am, is this
New Zealand or Australia?&quot; (and she tried to
curtsey as she spoke—fancy <em>curtseying</em> as
you&#039;re falling through the air! Do you think
you could manage it?) &quot;And what an ignorant
little girl she&#039;ll think me! No, it&#039;ll
never do to ask: perhaps I shall see it written
up somewhere.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Down, down, down. There was nothing
else to do, so Alice soon began talking again.
&quot;Dinah&#039;ll miss me very much to-night, I
should think!&quot; (Dinah was the cat.) &quot;I
hope they&#039;ll remember her saucer of milk at
tea-time. Dinah, my dear, I wish you were
down here with me! There are no mice in
the air, I&#039;m afraid, but you might catch a bat,
and that&#039;s very like a mouse, you know. But
do cats eat bats, I wonder?&quot; And here Alice<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00017" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[6]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_6" title="[6]"></span></span>
began to get rather sleepy, and went on saying
to herself, in a dreamy sort of way, &quot;Do cats
eat bats? Do cats eat bats?&quot; and sometimes,
&quot;Do bats eat cats?&quot; for, you see, as she
couldn&#039;t answer either question, it didn&#039;t
much matter which way she put it. She felt
that she was dozing off, and had just begun
to dream that she was walking hand in hand
with Dinah, and saying to her very earnestly,
&quot;Now, Dinah, tell me the truth: did you ever
eat a bat?&quot; when suddenly, thump! thump!
down she came upon a heap of sticks and dry
leaves, and the fall was over.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice was not a bit hurt, and she jumped
up on to her feet in a moment: she looked
up, but it was all dark overhead; before her
was another long passage, and the White
Rabbit was still in sight, hurrying down it.
There was not a moment to be lost: away
went Alice like the wind, and was just in time
to hear it say, as it turned a corner, &quot;Oh my
ears and whiskers, how late it&#039;s getting!&quot; She
was close behind it when she turned the corner,
but the Rabbit was no longer to be seen: she
found herself in a long, low hall, which was lit
up by a row of lamps hanging from the roof.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00018" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[7]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_7" title="[7]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There were doors all round the hall, but
they were all locked; and when Alice had been
all the way down one side and up the other,
trying every door, she walked sadly down the
middle, wondering how she was ever to get
out again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Suddenly she came upon a little three-legged
table, all made of solid glass; there
was nothing on it but a tiny golden key, and
Alice&#039;s first idea was that this might belong
to one of the doors of the hall; but, alas!
either the locks were too large, or the key was
too small, but at any rate it would not open
any of them. However, on the second time
round, she came upon a low curtain she had
not noticed before, and behind it was a little
door about fifteen inches high: she tried the
little golden key in the lock, and to her great
delight it fitted!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice opened the door and found that it led
into a small passage, not much larger than a
rat-hole: she knelt down and looked along
the passage into the loveliest garden you ever
saw. How she longed to get out of that dark
hall, and wander about among those beds of
bright flowers and those cool fountains, but<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00019" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[8]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_8" title="[8]"></span></span>
she could not even get her head through the
doorway; <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: This opening quotation mark was added to the text">&quot;</u>even if my head would go
through,&quot; thought poor Alice, &quot;it would be of
very little use without my shoulders. Oh,
how I wish I could shut up like a telescope!
I think I could, if I only knew how to begin.&quot;
For, you see, so many out-of-the-way things
had happened lately, that Alice had begun to
think that very few things indeed were really
impossible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There seemed to be no use in waiting by
the little door, so she went back to the table,
half hoping she might find another key on it,
or at any rate a book of rules for shutting
people up like telescopes: this time she found
a little bottle on it (&quot;which certainly was not
here before,&quot; said Alice,) and tied round the
neck of the bottle was a paper label, with the
words &quot;DRINK ME&quot; beautifully printed
on it in large letters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was all very well to say &quot;Drink me,&quot;
but the wise little Alice was not going to do
<em>that</em> in a hurry. &quot;No, I&#039;ll look first,&quot; she
said, &quot;and see whether it&#039;s marked &#039;<em>poison</em>&#039;
or not;&quot; for she had read several nice little
stories about children who had got burnt,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00020" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[9]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_9" title="[9]"></span></span>
and eaten up by wild beasts, and other
unpleasant things, all because they <em>would</em>
not remember the simple rules their friends
had taught them: such as, that a red-hot
poker will burn you if you hold it too
long; and that, if you cut your finger <em>very</em>
deeply with a knife, it usually bleeds; and
she had never forgotten that, if you drink
much from a bottle marked &quot;poison,&quot; it is
almost certain to disagree with you, sooner
or later.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>However, this bottle was <em>not</em> marked
&quot;poison,&quot; so Alice ventured to taste it, and
finding it very nice (it had, in fact, a sort of
mixed flavour of cherry-tart, custard, pineapple,
roast turkey, coffee, and hot buttered
toast,) she very soon finished it off.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What a curious feeling!&quot; said Alice.
&quot;I must be shutting up like a telescope.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And so it was indeed: she was now only
ten inches high, and her face brightened up
at the thought that she was now the right
size for going through that little door into
that lovely garden. First, however, she<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00021" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[10]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_10" title="[10]"></span></span>
waited for a few minutes to see if she was
going to shrink any further: she felt a little
nervous about this: &quot;for it might end, you
know,&quot; said Alice to herself, &quot;in my going
out altogether, like a candle. I wonder what
I should be like then?&quot; And she tried to
fancy what the flame of a candle looks like
after the candle is blown out, for she could
not remember ever having seen such a thing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After a while, finding that nothing more
happened, she decided on going into the
garden at once; but, alas for poor Alice!
when she got to the door, she found she had
forgotten the little golden key, and when
she went back to the table for it, she found
she could not possibly reach it: she could
see it quite plainly through the glass, and
she tried her best to climb up one of the legs
of the table, but it was too slippery; and when
she had tired herself out with trying, the
poor little thing sat down and cried.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Come, there&#039;s no use in crying like that!&quot;
said Alice to herself, rather sharply. &quot;I advise
you to leave off this minute!&quot; She generally
gave herself very good advice (though she
very seldom followed it), and sometimes she<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00022" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[11]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_11" title="[11]"></span></span>
scolded herself so severely as to bring tears
into her eyes; and once she remembered
trying to box her own ears for having cheated
herself in a game of croquet she was playing
against herself, for this curious child was very
fond of pretending to be two people. &quot;But
it&#039;s no use now,&quot; thought poor Alice, &quot;to pretend
to be two people! Why there&#039;s hardly
enough of me left to make <em>one</em> respectable
person!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Soon her eye fell on a little glass box that
was lying under the table: she opened it, and
found in it a very small cake, on which the
words &quot;EAT ME&quot; were beautifully marked
in currants. &quot;Well, I&#039;ll eat it,&quot; said Alice,
&quot;and if it makes me grow larger, I can reach
the key; and if it makes me grow smaller, I
can creep under the door; so either way I&#039;ll
get into the garden, and I don&#039;t care which
happens!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She ate a little bit, and said anxiously to
herself, &quot;Which way? Which way?&quot; holding
her hand on the top of her head to feel which
way it was growing, and she was quite surprised
to find that she remained the same size;
to be sure, this is what generally happens<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00023" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[12]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_12" title="[12]"></span></span>
when one eats cake, but Alice had got so
much into the way of expecting nothing but
out-of-the-way things to happen, that it
seemed quite dull and stupid for life to go on
in the common way.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So she set to work, and very soon finished
off the cake.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00024" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[13]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_13" title="[13]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER II</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Pool of
Tears</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_c-quote.png" alt="&quot;C" id="img_images_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2005" data-pandoc-media-sha1="45fd6a30d711d6dcc98383a4ef8a6984076fe284" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="63d12ca23b6b56b86548c3ea9a0873902ff15029" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>URIOUSER and curiouser!&quot;
cried Alice (she was so much surprised,
that for a moment she
quite forgot how to speak good
English); &quot;now I&#039;m opening out like the
largest telescope that ever was! Good-bye,
feet!&quot; (for when she looked down at her feet,
they seemed to be almost out of sight, they
were getting so far off). &quot;Oh, my poor little
feet, I wonder who will put on your shoes
and stockings for you now, dears? I&#039;m sure <em>I</em>
sha&#039;n&#039;t be able! I shall be a great deal too
far off to trouble myself about you: you must
manage the best way you can—but I must
be kind to them,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;or perhaps
they won&#039;t walk the way I want to go! Let
me see: I&#039;ll give them a new pair of boots
every Christmas.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And she went on planning to herself how<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00025" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[14]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_14" title="[14]"></span></span>
she would manage it. &quot;They must go by the
carrier,&quot; she thought; &quot;and how funny it&#039;ll
seem, sending presents to one&#039;s own feet!
And how odd the directions will look!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice&#039;s Right Foot, Esq.<br/><span>Hearthrug,</span><br/><span>near the Fender,</span><br/><span>(with Alice&#039;s love).</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Oh dear, what nonsense I&#039;m talking!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Just then her head struck against the roof
of the hall: in fact she was now rather more
than nine feet high, and she at once took up
the little golden key and hurried off to the
garden door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Poor Alice! It was as much as she could
do, lying down on one side, to look through
into the garden with one eye; but to get
through was more hopeless than ever: she
sat down and began to cry again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You ought to be ashamed of yourself,&quot;
said Alice, &quot;a great girl like you&quot; (she might
well say this), &quot;to go on crying in this way!
Stop this moment, I tell you!&quot; But she went
on all the same, shedding gallons of tears,
until there was a large pool all round her,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00026" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[15]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_15" title="[15]"></span></span>
about four inches
deep and reaching
half down the hall.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figright" role="figure" aria-labelledby="ebm_caption0">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" alt="Curiouser and Curiouser" id="img_images_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="13764" data-pandoc-media-sha1="09b567711f8ab3274c59ac3ecbe527ea492fa0c1" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="eb2d085ce22ecfe1930b97202a0ab2834618bacf" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/>
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_ebm_caption0" class="caption"><span class="smcap">Curiouser and Curiouser</span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After a time she
heard a little pattering
of feet in the
distance, and she
hastily dried her eyes
to see what was
coming. It was the
White Rabbit returning,
splendidly
dressed, with a pair
of white kid gloves
in one hand and a
large fan in the
other: he came trotting
along in a great
hurry, muttering to
himself as he came,
&quot;Oh! the Duchess,
the Duchess! Oh!
won&#039;t she be savage
if I&#039;ve kept her waiting!&quot;
Alice felt so
desperate that she was ready to ask help of<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00027" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[16]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_16" title="[16]"></span></span>
any one; so, when the Rabbit came near her,
she began, in a low, timid voice, &quot;If you
please, sir——&quot; The Rabbit started violently,
dropped the white kid gloves and the fan, and
scurried away into the darkness as hard as he
could go.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice took up the fan and gloves, and, as
the hall was very hot, she kept fanning herself
all the time she went on talking! &quot;Dear,
dear! How queer everything is to-day!
And yesterday things went on just as usual.
I wonder if I&#039;ve been changed during the
night? Let me think: <em>was</em> I the same when
I got up this morning? I almost think I can
remember feeling a little different. But if
I&#039;m not the same, the next question is, who
in the world am I? Ah, <em>that&#039;s</em> the great
puzzle!&quot; And she began thinking over all
the children she knew that were of the same
age as herself, to see if she could have been
changed for any of them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;m sure I&#039;m not Ada,&quot; she said, &quot;for
her hair goes in such long ringlets, and mine
doesn&#039;t go in ringlets at all; and I&#039;m sure I
can&#039;t be Mabel, for I know all sorts of things,
and she, oh! she knows such a very little!<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00028" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[17]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_17" title="[17]"></span></span>
Besides, <em>she&#039;s</em> she, and <em>I&#039;m</em> I, and—oh dear,
how puzzling it all is! I&#039;ll try if I know all
the things I used to know. Let me see: four
times five is twelve, and four times six is
thirteen, and four times seven is—oh dear! I
shall never get to twenty at that rate! However,
the Multiplication Table doesn&#039;t signify:
let&#039;s try Geography. London is the capital
of Paris, and Paris is the capital of Rome,
and Rome—no, <em>that&#039;s</em> all wrong, I&#039;m certain!
I must have been changed for Mabel! I&#039;ll
try and say &#039;<em>How doth the little——</em>&#039;&quot; and
she crossed her hands on her lap as if she
were saying lessons, and began to repeat it,
but her voice sounded hoarse and strange,
and the words did not come the same as they
used to do:—</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;How doth the little crocodile<br/><span>Improve his shining tail,</span><br/><span>And pour the waters of the Nile</span><br/><span>On every golden scale!</span><br/><br/>&quot;How cheerfully he seems to grin,<br/><span>How neatly spreads his claws,</span><br/><span>And welcomes little fishes in,</span><br/><span>With gently smiling jaws!&quot;</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00029" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[18]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_18" title="[18]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;m sure those are not the right words,&quot;
said poor Alice, and her eyes filled with tears
again as she went on. &quot;I must be Mabel,
after all, and I shall have to go and live in
that poky little house, and have next to no
toys to play with, and oh! ever so many
lessons to learn! No, I&#039;ve made up my mind
about it; if I&#039;m Mabel, I&#039;ll stay down here!
It&#039;ll be no use their putting their heads down
and saying, &#039;Come up again, dear!&#039; I shall
only look up and say, &#039;Who am I then? Tell
me that first, and then, if I like being that
person, I&#039;ll come up: if not, I&#039;ll stay down
here till I&#039;m somebody else&#039;—but, oh dear!&quot;
cried Alice with a sudden burst of tears, &quot;I
do wish they <em>would</em> put their heads down! I
am so <em>very</em> tired of being all alone here!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As she said this she looked down at her
hands, and was surprised to see that she had
put on one of the Rabbit&#039;s little white kid
gloves while she was talking. &quot;How <em>can</em>
I have done that?&quot; she thought. &quot;I must
be growing small again.&quot; She got up and
went to the table to measure herself by it,
and found that, as nearly as she could guess,
she was now about two feet high, and was<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00030" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[19]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_19" title="[19]"></span></span>
going on shrinking rapidly: she soon found
out that the cause of this was the fan she was
holding, and she dropped it hastily, just in
time to avoid shrinking away altogether.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That <em>was</em> a narrow escape!&quot; said Alice,
a good deal frightened at the sudden change,
but very glad to find herself still in existence;
&quot;and now for the garden!&quot; and she ran with
all speed back to the little door: but alas!
the little door was shut again, and the little
golden key was lying on the glass table as
before, &quot;and things are worse than ever,&quot;
thought the poor child, &quot;for I never was so
small as this before, never! And I declare it&#039;s
too bad, that it is!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As she said these words her foot slipped,
and in another moment, splash! she was up
to her chin in salt water. Her first idea was
that she had somehow fallen into the sea,
&quot;and in that case I can go back by railway,&quot;
she said to herself. (Alice had been to the
seaside once in her life, and had come to the
general conclusion, that wherever you go to
on the English coast you find a number of
bathing machines in the sea, some children
digging in the sand with wooden spades, then<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00031" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[20]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_20" title="[20]"></span></span>
a row of lodging houses, and behind them a
railway station.) However, she soon made
out that she was in the pool of tears which
she had wept when she was nine feet high.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I wish I hadn&#039;t cried so much!&quot; said
Alice, as she swam about, trying to find her
way out. &quot;I shall be punished for it now, I
suppose, by being drowned in my own tears!
That <em>will</em> be a queer thing, to be sure!
However, everything is queer to-day.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Just then she heard something splashing
about in the pool a little way off, and she
swam nearer to make out what it was: at
first she thought it must be a walrus or hippopotamus,
but then she remembered how
small she was now, and she soon made out
that it was only a mouse that had slipped in
like herself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Would it be of any use now,&quot; thought
Alice, &quot;to speak to this mouse? Everything
is so out-of-the-way down here, that I should
think very likely it can talk: at any rate,
there&#039;s no harm in trying.&quot; So she began:
&quot;O Mouse, do you know the way out of this
pool? I am very tired of swimming about
here, O Mouse!&quot; (Alice thought this must<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00032" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[21]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_21" title="[21]"></span></span>
be the right way of speaking to a mouse;
she had never done such a thing before, but
she remembered having seen in her brother&#039;s
Latin Grammar, &quot;A mouse—of a mouse—to
a mouse—a mouse—O mouse!&quot;) The Mouse
looked at her rather inquisitively, and seemed
to her to wink with one of its little eyes, but
it said nothing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Perhaps it doesn&#039;t understand English,&quot;
thought Alice; &quot;I daresay it&#039;s a French mouse,
come over with William the Conqueror.&quot;
(For, with all her knowledge of history, Alice
had no very clear notion how long ago anything
had happened.) So she began again:
&quot;Où est ma chatte?&quot; which was the first
sentence in her French lesson-book. The
Mouse gave a sudden leap out of the water,
and seemed to quiver all over with fright.
&quot;Oh, I beg your pardon!&quot; cried Alice hastily,
afraid that she had hurt the poor animal&#039;s
feelings. &quot;I quite forgot you didn&#039;t like cats.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Not like cats!&quot; cried the Mouse, in a
shrill, passionate voice. &quot;Would <em>you</em> like
cats if you were me?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, perhaps not,&quot; said Alice in a soothing
tone: &quot;don&#039;t be angry about it. And yet<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00033" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[22]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_22" title="[22]"></span></span>
I wish I could show you our cat Dinah: I
think you&#039;d take a fancy to cats if you could
only see her. She is such a dear quiet thing,&quot;
Alice went on, half to herself, as she swam
lazily about in the pool, &quot;and she sits purring
so nicely by the fire, licking her paws and
washing her face—and she is such a nice soft
thing to nurse—and she&#039;s such a capital one
for catching mice——oh, I beg your pardon!&quot;
cried Alice again, for this time the Mouse was
bristling all over, and she felt certain it must
be really offended. &quot;We won&#039;t talk about
her any more if you&#039;d rather not.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;We, indeed!&quot; cried the Mouse, who was
trembling down to the end of his tail. &quot;As
if <em>I</em> would talk on such a subject! Our family
always <em>hated</em> cats: nasty, low, vulgar things!
Don&#039;t let me hear the name again!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="Pool of tears"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>The Pool of Tears</em>      <br/><br/></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" alt="The Pool of Tears" id="img_images_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="69529" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bffd7a14d6ea1ad7fe5ebfaae0fcc09984ca9e2b" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="5885cee1ea580ddb2534082687b9451f22027cc4" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I won&#039;t indeed!&quot; said Alice, in a great
hurry to change the subject of conversation.
&quot;Are you—are you fond—of—of dogs?&quot;
The Mouse did not answer, so Alice went on
eagerly: &quot;There is such a nice little dog near
our house I should like to show you! A
little bright-eyed terrier, you know, with oh,
such long curly brown hair! And it&#039;ll fetch<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00034" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[23]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_23" title="[23]"></span></span>
things when you throw them, and it&#039;ll sit up
and beg for its dinner, and all sorts of things—I
can&#039;t remember half of them—and it
belongs to a farmer, you know, and he says
it&#039;s so useful, it&#039;s worth a hundred pounds!
He says it kills all the rats and—oh dear!&quot;
cried Alice in a sorrowful tone, &quot;I&#039;m afraid
I&#039;ve offended it again!&quot; For the Mouse was
swimming away from her as hard as it could
go, and making quite a commotion in the
pool as it went.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So she called softly after it, &quot;Mouse dear!
Do come back again, and we won&#039;t talk about
cats or dogs either, if you don&#039;t like them!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the Mouse heard this, it turned round
and swam slowly back to her: its face was quite
pale (with passion, Alice thought), and it said in
a low trembling voice, &quot;Let us get to the shore,
and then I&#039;ll tell you my history, and you&#039;ll
understand why it is I hate cats and dogs.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was high time to go, for the pool was
getting quite crowded with the birds and
animals that had fallen into it: there were a
Duck and a Dodo, a Lory and an Eaglet, and
several other curious creatures. Alice led the
way, and the whole party swam to the shore.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00035" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[24]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_24" title="[24]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER III</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>A Caucus-race
and a
Long Tale</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_t.png" alt="T" id="img_images_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2268" data-pandoc-media-sha1="95bf79f536e8e087ef0b4ddd0dae0f53bdaf81e2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="764f119afa968c8f7404721ee9fa70a98da9f2fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HEY were indeed a queer-looking
party that assembled on the bank—the
birds with draggled feathers,
the animals with their fur clinging
close to them, and all dripping wet, cross,
and uncomfortable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The first question of course was, how to
get dry again: they had a consultation about
this, and after a few minutes it seemed quite
natural to Alice to find herself talking
familiarly with them, as if she had known
them all her life. Indeed, she had quite a
long argument with the Lory, who at last
turned sulky, and would only say, &quot;I am
older than you, and must know better;&quot; and
this Alice would not allow without knowing
how old it was, and, as the Lory positively
refused to tell its age, there was no more to
be said.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00036" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[25]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_25" title="[25]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At last the Mouse, who seemed to be a
person of authority among them, called out
&quot;Sit down, all of you, and listen to me! <em>I&#039;ll</em>
soon make you dry enough!&quot; They all sat
down at once, in a large ring, with the
Mouse in the middle. Alice kept her eyes
anxiously fixed on it, for she felt sure she
would catch a bad cold if she did not get dry
very soon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Ahem!&quot; said the Mouse with an important
air. &quot;Are you all ready? This is
the driest thing I know. Silence all round,
if you please! &#039;William the Conqueror,
whose cause was favoured by the pope, was
soon submitted to by the English, who
wanted leaders, and had been of late much
accustomed to usurpation and conquest.
Edwin and Morcar, the earls of Mercia and
Northumbria—&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Ugh!&quot; said the Lory, with a shiver.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I beg your pardon!&quot; said the Mouse,
frowning, but very politely. &quot;Did you
speak?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Not I!&quot; said the Lory hastily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I thought you did,&quot; said the Mouse,
&quot;—I proceed. &#039;Edwin and Morcar, the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00037" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[26]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_26" title="[26]"></span></span>
earls of Mercia and Northumbria, declared for
him: and even Stigand, the patriotic Archbishop
of Canterbury, found it advisable—&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Found <em>what?</em>&quot; said the Duck.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Found <em>it</em>,&quot; the Mouse replied rather
crossly: &quot;of course you know what &#039;it&#039;
means.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I know what &#039;it&#039; means well enough,
when <em>I</em> find a thing,&quot; said the Duck; &quot;it&#039;s
generally a frog or a worm. The question
is, what did the archbishop find?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Mouse did not notice this question,
but hurriedly went on, &quot;&#039;—found it advisable
to go with Edgar Atheling to meet
William and offer him the crown. William&#039;s
conduct at first was moderate. But the insolence
of his Normans—&#039; How are you
getting on now, my dear?&quot; it continued,
turning to Alice as it spoke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;As wet as ever,&quot; said Alice in a melancholy
tone; &quot;doesn&#039;t seem to dry me at all.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;In that case,&quot; said the Dodo solemnly,
rising to its feet, &quot;I move that the meeting
adjourn, for the immediate adoption of more
energetic remedies——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Speak English!&quot; said the Eaglet. &quot;I<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00038" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[27]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_27" title="[27]"></span></span>
don&#039;t know the meaning of half those long
words, and, what&#039;s more, I don&#039;t believe you
do either!&quot; And the Eaglet bent down its
head to hide a smile: some of the other birds
tittered audibly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What I was going to say,&quot; said the
Dodo in an offended tone, &quot;was that the
best thing to get us dry would be a Caucus-race.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What <em>is</em> a Caucus-race?&quot; said Alice; not
that she much wanted to know, but the Dodo
had paused as if it thought that <em>somebody</em>
ought to speak, and no one else seemed
inclined to say anything.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why,&quot; said the Dodo, &quot;the best way
to explain it is to do it.&quot; (And, as you might
like to try the thing yourself some winter
day, I will tell you how the Dodo managed it.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>First it marked out a race-course, in a sort
of circle, (&quot;the exact shape doesn&#039;t matter,&quot;
it said,) and then all the party were placed
along the course, here and there. There was
no &quot;One, two, three, and away,&quot; but they
began running when they liked, and left
off when they liked, so that it was not easy
to know when the race was over. However,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00039" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[28]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_28" title="[28]"></span></span>
when they had been running half an hour or
so, and were quite dry again, the Dodo
suddenly called &quot;The race is over!&quot; and
they all crowded round it, panting, and asking
&quot;But who has won?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This question the Dodo could not answer
without a great deal of thought, and it stood
for a long time with one finger pressed upon
its forehead (the position in which you
usually see Shakespeare, in the pictures of
him), while the rest waited in silence. At
last the Dodo said &quot;<em>Everybody</em> has won, and
<em>all</em> must have prizes.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But who is to give the prizes?&quot; quite
a chorus of voices asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why, <em>she</em>, of course,&quot; said the Dodo,
pointing to Alice with one finger; and the
whole party at once crowded round her,
calling out in a confused way, &quot;Prizes!
Prizes!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice had no idea what to do, and in
despair she put her hand in her pocket, and
pulled out a box of comfits (luckily the salt
water had not got into it), and handed them
round as prizes. There was exactly one apiece
all round.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="They all crowded round it"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>They all crowded round it panting and asking,
&quot;But who has won?&quot;</em><br/></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" alt="They all crowded round it panting and asking,&quot;But who has won?&quot;" id="img_images_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="69353" data-pandoc-media-sha1="14cc24c32b7271d5bd2c868809db74b4e1fc907d" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="c489adeea56a49e7fbd2b0e13252f4a9cee35856" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00040" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[29]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_29" title="[29]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But she must have a prize herself, you
know,&quot; said the Mouse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Of course,&quot; the Dodo replied very
gravely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What else have you got in your pocket?&quot;
it went on, turning to Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Only a thimble,&quot; said Alice sadly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Hand it over here,&quot; said the Dodo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then they all crowded round her once
more, while the Dodo solemnly presented the
thimble, saying &quot;We beg your acceptance
of this elegant thimble;&quot; and, when it
had finished this short speech, they all
cheered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice thought the whole thing very absurd,
but they all looked so grave that she did not
dare to laugh; and, as she could not think
of anything to say, she simply bowed, and
took the thimble, looking as solemn as she
could.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The next thing was to eat the comfits; this
caused some noise and confusion, as the
large birds complained that they could not
taste theirs, and the small ones choked and
had to be patted on the back. However, it
was over at last, and they sat down again in<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00041" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[30]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_30" title="[30]"></span></span>
a ring, and begged the Mouse to tell them
something more.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You promised to tell me your history,
you know,&quot; said Alice, &quot;and why it is you
hate—C and D,&quot; she added in a whisper, half
afraid that it would be offended again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figcenter">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" alt="Alice and the Dormouse" id="img_images_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14294" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c11523b102064577893d042f33cee08f7a006b5e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="f54bc2993d19434ab54e1ce5c049590b78c2e512" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Mine is a long and sad tale!&quot; said the
Mouse, turning to Alice and sighing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It <em>is</em> a long tail, certainly,&quot; said Alice,
looking down with wonder at the Mouse&#039;s
tail; &quot;but why do you call it sad?&quot; And
she kept on puzzling about it while the
Mouse was speaking, so that her idea of
the tale was something like this:<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00042" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[31]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_31" title="[31]"></span></span>—</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Fury said to<br/><span><span class="tale1">a mouse, That</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale2">he met in the</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale3">house, &#039;Let</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale4">us both go</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale5">to law: <em>I</em></span></span><br/><span><span class="tale6">will prose-</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale7">cute <em>you</em>.—</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale8">Come, I&#039;ll</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale9">take no de-</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale10">nial: We</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale11">must have</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale12">the trial;</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale13">For really</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale14">this morn-</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale15">ing I&#039;ve</span></span><br/>nothing<br/><span><span class="tale16">to do.&#039;</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale17">Said the</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale18">mouse to</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale19">the cur,</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale20">&#039;Such a</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale21">trial, dear</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale21">sir, With</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale23">no jury</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale24">or judge,</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale25">would</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale26">be wast-</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale27">ing our</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale28">breath.&#039;</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale29">&#039;I&#039;ll be</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale30">judge,</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale31">I&#039;ll be</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale32">jury,&#039;</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale33">said</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale34">cun-</span></span><br/><span class="tale35">ning</span><br/><span><span class="tale36">old</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale37">Fury:</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale38">&#039;I&#039;ll</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale39">try</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale40">the</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale41">whole</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale42">cause,</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale43">and</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale44">con-</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale45">demn</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale46">you to</span></span><br/><span><span class="tale47">death.&#039;</span></span><br/></p>
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</div>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00043" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[32]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_32" title="[32]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You are not attending!&quot; said the Mouse
to Alice severely. &quot;What are you thinking
of?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I beg your pardon,&quot; said Alice very
humbly: &quot;you had got to the fifth bend,
I think?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I had <em>not!</em>&quot; cried the Mouse, angrily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;A knot!&quot; said Alice, always ready to
make herself useful, and looking anxiously
about her. &quot;Oh, do let me help to undo
it!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I shall do nothing of the sort,&quot; said the
Mouse, getting up and walking away. &quot;You
insult me by talking such nonsense!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I didn&#039;t mean it!&quot; pleaded poor Alice.
&quot;But you&#039;re so easily offended, you know!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Mouse only growled in reply.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Please come back and finish your story!&quot;
Alice called after it. And the others all joined
in chorus, &quot;Yes, please do!&quot; but the Mouse
only shook its head impatiently and walked
a little quicker.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What a pity it wouldn&#039;t stay!&quot; sighed
the Lory, as soon as it was quite out of
sight; and an old Crab took the opportunity
of saying to her daughter, &quot;Ah, my dear!<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00044" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[33]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_33" title="[33]"></span></span>
Let this be a lesson to you never to lose
<em>your</em> temper!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Hold your tongue, Ma!&quot;
said the young Crab, a little snappishly.
&quot;You&#039;re enough to try the patience of an
oyster!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I wish I had our Dinah here, I know I
do!&quot; said Alice aloud, addressing nobody in
particular. &quot;She&#039;d soon fetch it back!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And who is Dinah, if I might venture to
ask the question?&quot; said the Lory.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice replied eagerly, for she was always
ready to talk about her pet: &quot;Dinah&#039;s our
cat. And <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: original reads &#039;she&#039;">she&#039;s</u> such a capital one for catching
mice, you ca&#039;n&#039;t think! And oh, I wish you
could see her after the birds! Why, she&#039;ll
eat a little bird as soon as look at it!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This speech caused a remarkable sensation
among the party. Some of the birds hurried
off at once; one old Magpie began wrapping
itself up very carefully, remarking &quot;I really
must be getting home; the night-air doesn&#039;t
suit my throat!&quot; and a Canary called out in
a trembling voice to its children &quot;Come
away, my dears! It&#039;s high time you were all
in bed!&quot; On various pretexts they all moved
off, and Alice was soon left alone.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00045" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[34]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_34" title="[34]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I wish I hadn&#039;t mentioned Dinah!&quot; she
said to herself in a melancholy tone. &quot;Nobody
seems to like her, down here, and I&#039;m
sure she&#039;s the best cat in the world! Oh, my
dear Dinah! I wonder if I shall ever see you
any more!&quot; And here poor Alice began to
cry again, for she felt very lonely and low-spirited.
In a little while, however, she again
heard a little pattering of footsteps in the
distance, and she looked up eagerly, half
hoping that the Mouse had changed his mind,
and was coming back to finish his story.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00046" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[35]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_35" title="[35]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER IV</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Rabbit
sends in a
Little Bill</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_i.png" alt="I" id="img_images_i.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2088" data-pandoc-media-sha1="98f77cd2975fc986248f3b48e27f47bbd668227f" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="cafccf81a19299560ebd2e0749f465d111609cda" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>T was the White Rabbit, trotting
slowly back again, and looking
anxiously about as it went, as if it
had lost something; and she heard
it muttering to itself, &quot;The Duchess! The
Duchess! Oh my dear paws! Oh my fur and
whiskers! She&#039;ll get me executed, as sure as
ferrets are ferrets! Where <em>can</em> I have dropped
them, I wonder?&quot; Alice guessed in a moment
that it was looking for the fan and the pair of
white kid gloves, and she very good-naturedly
began hunting about for them, but they were
nowhere to be seen—everything seemed to
have changed since her swim in the pool, and
the great hall, with the glass table and the
little door, had vanished completely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Very soon the Rabbit noticed Alice, as she
went hunting about, and called out to her in
an angry tone, &quot;Why, Mary Ann, what<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00047" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[36]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_36" title="[36]"></span></span>
<em>are</em> you doing out here? Run home this
moment, and fetch me a pair of gloves and a
fan! Quick, now!&quot; And Alice was so much
frightened that she ran off at once in the
direction it pointed to, without trying to
explain the mistake it had made.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;He took me for his housemaid,&quot; she said
to herself as she ran. &quot;How surprised he&#039;ll
be when he finds out who I am! But I&#039;d
better take him his fan and gloves—that is,
if I can find them.&quot; As she said this, she
came upon a neat little house, on the door of
which was a bright brass plate with the name
&quot;W. RABBIT&quot; engraved upon it. She
went in without knocking, and hurried up
stairs, in great fear lest she should meet the
real Mary Ann, and be turned out of the
house before she had found the fan and
gloves.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center">&quot;<em>Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?</em>&quot;</td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" alt="Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?" id="img_images_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="53067" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cfb9a790bdf19e5bdb6e61447c53bc695862a532" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="917d35cf405c0c5739222379990cfdb4ba2b723c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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</div>
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<p>&quot;How queer it seems,&quot; Alice said to herself,
&quot;to be doing messages for a rabbit! I
suppose Dinah&#039;ll be sending me on messages
next!&quot; And she began fancying the sort of
thing that would happen: &quot;&#039;Miss Alice!
Come here directly, and get ready for your
walk!&#039; &#039;Coming in a minute, nurse! But<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00048" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[37]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_37" title="[37]"></span></span>
I&#039;ve got to watch this mouse-hole till Dinah
comes back, and see that the mouse doesn&#039;t
get out.&#039; Only I don&#039;t think,&quot; Alice went on,
&quot;that they&#039;d let Dinah stop in the house if it
began ordering people about like that!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By this time she had found her way into a
tidy little room with a table in the window,
and on it (as she had hoped) a fan and two
or three pairs of tiny white kid gloves: she
took up the fan and a pair of the gloves, and
was just going to leave the room, when her
eye fell upon a little bottle that stood near
the looking-glass. There was no label this
time with the words &quot;DRINK ME,&quot; but
nevertheless she uncorked it and put it to her
lips. &quot;I know <em>something</em> interesting is sure
to happen,&quot; she said to herself, &quot;whenever I
eat or drink anything; so I&#039;ll just see what
this bottle does. I do hope it will make me
grow large again, for really I&#039;m <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: original reads &#039;quiet&#039;">quite</u> tired of
being such a tiny little thing!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It did so indeed, and much sooner than
she had expected: before she had drunk half
the bottle, she found her head pressing against
the ceiling, and had to stoop to save her neck
from being broken. She hastily put down<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00049" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[38]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_38" title="[38]"></span></span>
the bottle, saying to herself &quot;That&#039;s quite
enough—I hope I sha&#039;n&#039;t grow any more—As
it is, I can&#039;t get out at the door—I do
wish I hadn&#039;t drunk quite so much!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alas! it was too late to wish that! She
went on growing, and growing, and very soon
had to kneel down on the floor: in another
minute there was not even room for this, and
she tried the effect of lying down with one
elbow against the door, and the other arm
curled round her head. Still she went on
growing, and, as a last resource, she put one
arm out of the window, and one foot up the
chimney, and said to herself &quot;Now I can do
no more, whatever happens. What <em>will</em>
become of me?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Luckily for Alice, the little magic bottle
had now had its full effect, and she grew no
larger: still it was very uncomfortable, and,
as there seemed to be no sort of chance of
her ever getting out of the room again, no
wonder she felt unhappy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It was much pleasanter at home,&quot; thought
poor Alice, &quot;when one wasn&#039;t always growing
larger and smaller, and being ordered about by
mice and rabbits. I almost wish I hadn&#039;t gone<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00050" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[39]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_39" title="[39]"></span></span>
down that rabbit-hole—and yet—and yet—it&#039;s
rather curious, you know, this sort of life!
I do wonder what <em>can</em> have happened to me!
When I used to read fairy-tales, I fancied that
kind of thing never happened, and now here
I am in the middle of one! There ought to
be a book written about me, that there ought!
And when I grow up, I&#039;ll write one—but I&#039;m
grown up now,&quot; she added in a sorrowful
tone; &quot;at least there&#039;s no room to grow up
any more <em>here</em>.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But then,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;shall I <em>never</em>
get any older than I am now? That&#039;ll be a
comfort, one way—never to be an old woman—but
then—always to have lessons to learn!
Oh, I shouldn&#039;t like <em>that!</em>&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, you foolish Alice!&quot; she answered
herself. &quot;How can you learn lessons in
here? Why, there&#039;s hardly room for <em>you</em>,
and no room at all for any lesson-books!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And so she went on, taking first one side
and then the other, and making quite a conversation
of it altogether; but after a few
minutes she heard a voice outside, and
stopped to listen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Mary Ann! Mary Ann!&quot; said the voice.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00051" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[40]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_40" title="[40]"></span></span>
&quot;Fetch me my gloves this moment!&quot; Then
came a little pattering of feet on the stairs.
Alice knew it was the Rabbit coming to look
for her, and she trembled till she shook the
house, quite forgetting that she was now
about a thousand times as large as the Rabbit,
and had no reason to be afraid of it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Presently the Rabbit came up to the door,
and tried to open it; but, as the door opened
inwards, and Alice&#039;s elbow was pressed hard
against it, that attempt proved a failure.
Alice heard it say to itself &quot;Then I&#039;ll go
round and get in at the window.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>That</em> you won&#039;t&quot; thought Alice, and,
after waiting till she fancied she heard the
Rabbit just under the window, she suddenly
spread out her hand, and made a snatch in
the air. She did not get hold of anything,
but she heard a little shriek and a fall, and a
crash of broken glass, from which she concluded
that it was just possible it had fallen
into a cucumber-frame, or something of the
sort.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Next came an angry voice—the Rabbit&#039;s—&quot;Pat!
Pat! Where are you?&quot; And then
a voice she had never heard before, &quot;Sure<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00052" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[41]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_41" title="[41]"></span></span>
then I&#039;m here! Digging for apples, yer
honour!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Digging for apples, indeed!&quot; said the
Rabbit angrily. &quot;Here! Come and help
me out of <em>this!</em>&quot; (Sounds of more broken
glass.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Now tell me, Pat, what&#039;s that in the
window?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Sure, it&#039;s an arm, yer <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: period was originally a colon">honour.</u>&quot; (He
pronounced it &quot;arrum.&quot;)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;An arm, you goose! Who ever saw one
that size? Why, it fills the whole window!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Sure, it does, yer honour? but it&#039;s an
arm for all that.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, it&#039;s got no business there, at any
rate: go and take it away!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There was a long silence after this, and
Alice could only hear whispers now and then;
such as, &quot;Sure, I don&#039;t like it, yer honour, at
all, at all!&quot; &quot;Do as I tell you, you coward!&quot;
and at last she spread out her hand again,
and made another snatch in the air. This
time there were <em>two</em> little shrieks, and more
sounds of broken glass. &quot;What a number
of cucumber-frames there must be!&quot; thought
Alice. &quot;I wonder what they&#039;ll do next! As<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00053" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[42]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_42" title="[42]"></span></span>
for pulling me out of the window, I only wish
they <em>could!</em> I&#039;m sure <em>I</em> don&#039;t <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: original reads &#039;wont&#039;">want</u> to stay
in here any longer!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She waited for some time without hearing
anything more: at last came a rumbling of
little cart-wheels, and the sound of a good
many voices all talking together: she made
out the words: &quot;Where&#039;s the other ladder?—Why
I hadn&#039;t to bring but one; Bill&#039;s got
the other—Bill! Fetch it here, lad!—Here,
put &#039;em up at this corner—No, tie &#039;em together
first—they don&#039;t reach half high enough
yet—Oh! they&#039;ll do well enough; don&#039;t be
particular—Here, Bill! catch hold of this
rope—Will the roof bear?—Mind that loose
slate—Oh, it&#039;s coming down! Heads below!&quot;
(a loud crash)—&quot;Now, who did that?—It was
Bill, I fancy—Who&#039;s to go down the chimney?—Nay,
<em>I</em> sha&#039;n&#039;t! <em>You</em> do it!—<em>That</em> I
won&#039;t, then! Bill&#039;s to go down—Here, Bill!
the master says you&#039;ve to go down the
chimney!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh! So Bill&#039;s got to come down the
chimney, has he?&quot; said Alice to herself.
&quot;Why, they seem to put everything upon
Bill! I wouldn&#039;t be in Bill&#039;s place for a good<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00054" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[43]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_43" title="[43]"></span></span>
deal: this fireplace is narrow, to be sure;
but I <em>think</em> I can kick a little!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She drew her foot as far down the chimney
as she could, and waited till she heard a little
animal (she couldn&#039;t guess of what sort it
was) scratching and scrambling about in the
chimney close above her: then, saying to herself
&quot;This is Bill,&quot; she gave one sharp kick,
and waited to see what would happen next.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The first thing she heard was a general
chorus of &quot;There goes Bill!&quot; then the Rabbit&#039;s
voice alone—&quot;Catch him, you by the
hedge!&quot; then silence, and then another confusion
of voices—&quot;Hold up his head—Brandy
now—Don&#039;t choke him—How was
it, old fellow? What happened to you? Tell
us all about it!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At last came a little feeble, squeaking
voice, (&quot;That&#039;s Bill,&quot; thought Alice,) &quot;Well,
I hardly know—No more, thank ye; I&#039;m
better now—but I&#039;m a deal too flustered to
tell you—all I know is, something comes at
me like a Jack-in-the-box, and up I goes like
a sky-rocket!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;So you did, old fellow!&quot; said the others.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;We must burn the house down!&quot; said<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00055" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[44]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_44" title="[44]"></span></span>
the Rabbit&#039;s voice. And Alice called out as
loud as she could, &quot;If you do, I&#039;ll set Dinah
at you!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There was a dead silence instantly, and
Alice thought to herself &quot;I wonder what
they <em>will</em> do next! If they had any sense,
they&#039;d take the roof off.&quot; After a minute or
two they began moving about again, and
Alice heard the Rabbit say &quot;A barrowful
will do, to begin with.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;A barrowful of <em>what?</em>&quot; thought Alice.
But she had not long to doubt, for the next
moment a shower of little pebbles came
rattling in at the window, and some of them
hit her in the face. &quot;I&#039;ll put a stop to this,&quot;
she said to herself, and shouted out &quot;You&#039;d
better not do that again!&quot; which produced
another dead silence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice noticed with some surprise that the
pebbles were all turning into little cakes as
they lay on the floor, and a bright idea came
into her head. &quot;If I eat one of these
cakes,&quot; she thought, &quot;it&#039;s sure to make <em>some</em>
change in my size; and, as it can&#039;t possibly
make me larger, it must make me smaller, I
suppose.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00056" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[45]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_45" title="[45]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So she swallowed one of the cakes, and was
delighted to find that she began shrinking
directly. As soon as she was small enough
to get through the door, she ran out of the
house, and found quite a crowd of little animals
and birds waiting outside. The poor
little Lizard, Bill, was in the middle, being
held up by two guinea-pigs, who were giving
it something out of a bottle. They all made
a rush at Alice the moment she appeared; but
she ran off as hard as she could, and soon
found herself safe in a thick wood.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;The first thing I&#039;ve got to do,&quot; said Alice
to herself, as she wandered about in the wood,
&quot;is to grow to my right size again; and the
second thing is to find my way into that lovely
garden. I think that will be the best plan.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It sounded an excellent plan, no doubt, and
very neatly and simply arranged; the only
difficulty was, that she had not the smallest
idea how to set about it; and, while she was
peering about anxiously among the trees, a
little sharp bark just over her head made her
look up in a great hurry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An enormous puppy was looking down at
her with large round eyes, and feebly stretching<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00057" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[46]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_46" title="[46]"></span></span>
out one paw, trying to touch her. &quot;Poor
little thing!&quot; said Alice, in a coaxing tone,
and she tried hard to whistle to it; but she
was terribly frightened all the time at the
thought that it might be hungry, in which
case it would be very likely to eat her up in
spite of all her coaxing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hardly knowing what she did, she picked
up a little bit of stick, and held it out to the
puppy; whereupon the puppy jumped into
the air off all its feet at once, with a yelp of
delight, and rushed at the stick, and made
believe to worry it; then Alice dodged behind
a great thistle, to keep herself from being run
over; and, the moment she appeared on the
other side, the puppy made another rush at
the stick, and tumbled head over heels in its
hurry to get hold of it; then Alice, thinking
it was very like having a game of play with a
cart-horse, and expecting every moment to be
trampled under its feet, ran round the thistle
again; then the puppy began a series of short
charges at the stick, running a little way forwards
each time and a long way back, and
barking hoarsely all the while, till at last it
sat down a good way off, panting, with its<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00058" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[47]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_47" title="[47]"></span></span>
tongue hanging out of its mouth, and its
great eyes half shut.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This seemed to Alice a good opportunity
for making her escape; so she set off at once,
and ran till she was quite tired and out of
breath, and till the puppy&#039;s bark sounded
quite faint in the distance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And yet what a dear little puppy it was!&quot;
said Alice, as she leant against a buttercup to
rest herself, and fanned herself with one of
the leaves. &quot;I should have liked teaching it
tricks very much, if—if I&#039;d only been the right
size to do it! Oh, dear! I&#039;d nearly forgotten
that I&#039;ve got to grow up again! Let me see—how
<em>is</em> it to be managed? I suppose I
ought to eat or drink something or other; but
the great question is, what?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The great question certainly was, what?
Alice looked all round her at the flowers and
the blades of grass, but she could not see anything
that looked like the right thing to eat
or drink under the circumstances. There was
a large mushroom growing near her, about the
same height as herself; and, when she had
looked under it, and on both sides of it, and
behind it, it occurred to her that she might<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00059" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[48]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_48" title="[48]"></span></span>
as well look and see what was on the top
of it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She stretched herself up on tiptoe, and
peeped over the edge of the mushroom, and
her eyes immediately met those of a large
blue caterpillar, that was sitting on the top
with its arms folded, quietly smoking a long
hookah, and taking not the smallest notice of
her or of anything else.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00060" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[49]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_49" title="[49]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER V</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Advice
from a
Caterpillar</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_t.png" alt="T" id="img_images_t.png_1" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2268" data-pandoc-media-sha1="95bf79f536e8e087ef0b4ddd0dae0f53bdaf81e2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="764f119afa968c8f7404721ee9fa70a98da9f2fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HE Caterpillar and Alice looked
at each other for some time in
silence: at last the Caterpillar took
the hookah out of its mouth, and
addressed her in a languid, sleepy voice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Who are <em>you?</em>&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This was not an encouraging opening for a
conversation. Alice replied, rather shyly, &quot;I
hardly know, sir, just at present—at least I
know who I <em>was</em> when I got up this morning,
but I think I must have been changed several
times since then.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What do you mean by that?&quot; said the
Caterpillar sternly. &quot;Explain yourself!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I can&#039;t explain <em>myself</em>, I&#039;m afraid, sir,&quot;
said Alice, &quot;because I&#039;m not myself, you see.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t see,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;m afraid I can&#039;t put it more clearly,&quot;
Alice replied very politely, &quot;for I can&#039;t understand<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00061" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[50]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_50" title="[50]"></span></span>
it myself to begin with; and being so
many different sizes in a day is very confusing.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It isn&#039;t,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, perhaps you haven&#039;t found it so
yet,&quot; said Alice, &quot;but when you have to turn
into a chrysalis—you will some day, you
know—and then after that into a butterfly, I
should think you&#039;ll feel it a little queer, won&#039;t
you?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Not a bit,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, perhaps your feelings may be different,&quot;
said Alice; &quot;all I know is, it would
feel very queer to <em>me</em>.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You!&quot; said the Caterpillar contemptuously.
&quot;Who are <em>you?</em>&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Which brought them back again to the beginning
of the conversation. Alice felt a little
irritated at the Caterpillar&#039;s making such <em>very</em>
short remarks, and she drew herself up and
said, very gravely, &quot;I think you ought to tell
me who <em>you</em> are, first.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why?&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="Advice from a Caterpillar"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>Advice from a Caterpillar</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" alt="Advice from a Caterpillar" id="img_images_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="73510" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f4a4f48e7eb1a2501ec2069134c1d05ddc90ed3c" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="447c0e6c8b9579c150b1b9e7cbd6618baca9f51a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here was another puzzling question; and
as Alice could not think of any good reason,
and as the Caterpillar seemed to be in a<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00062" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[51]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_51" title="[51]"></span></span>
<em>very</em> unpleasant state of mind, she turned
away.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Come back!&quot; the Caterpillar called after
her. &quot;I&#039;ve something important to say!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This sounded promising, certainly: Alice
turned and came back again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Keep your temper,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Is that all?&quot; said Alice, swallowing down
her anger as well as she could.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;No,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice thought she might as well wait, as
she had nothing else to do, and perhaps after
all it might tell her something worth hearing.
For some minutes it puffed away without
speaking, but at last it unfolded its arms,
took the hookah out of its mouth again, and
said, &quot;So you think you&#039;re changed, do
you?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;m afraid I am, sir,&quot; said Alice; &quot;I can&#039;t
remember things as I used—and I don&#039;t keep
the same size for ten minutes together!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Can&#039;t remember <em>what</em> things?&quot; said the
Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, I&#039;ve tried to say &#039;<em>How doth the
little busy bee</em>,&#039; but it all came different!&quot;
Alice replied in a very melancholy voice.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00063" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[52]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_52" title="[52]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Repeat &#039;<em>You are old, Father William</em>,&#039;&quot;
said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice folded her hands, and began:—</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You are old, Father William,&quot; the young man said,<br/><span>&quot;And your hair has become very white;</span><br/>And yet you incessantly stand on your head—<br/><span>Do you think, at your age, it is right?&quot;</span><br/><br/>&quot;In my youth,&quot; Father William replied to his son,<br/><span>&quot;I feared it might injure the brain;</span><br/>But, now that I&#039;m perfectly sure I have none,<br/><span>Why, I do it again and again.&quot;</span><br/><br/>&quot;You are old,&quot; said the youth, &quot;as I mentioned before,<br/><span>And have grown most uncommonly fat;</span><br/>Yet you turned a back-somersault in at the door—<br/><span>Pray, what is the reason of that?&quot;</span><br/><br/>&quot;In my youth,&quot; said the sage, as he shook his grey locks,<br/><span>&quot;I kept all my limbs very supple</span><br/>By the use of this ointment—one shilling the box—<br/><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00064" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[53]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_53" title="[53]"></span></span><span>Allow me to sell you a couple?&quot;</span><br/><br/>&quot;You are old,&quot; said the youth, &quot;and your jaws are too weak<br/><span>For anything tougher than suet;</span><br/>Yet you finished the goose, with the bones and the beak—<br/><span>Pray, how did you manage to do it?&quot;</span><br/><br/>&quot;In my youth,&quot; said his father, &quot;I took to the law<br/><span>And argued each case with my wife;</span><br/>And the muscular strength, which it gave to my jaw,<br/><span>Has lasted the rest of my life.&quot;</span><br/><br/>&quot;You are old,&quot; said the youth, &quot;one would hardly suppose<br/><span>That your eye was as steady as ever;</span><br/>Yet you balanced an eel on the end of your nose—<br/><span>What made you so awfully clever?&quot;</span><br/><br/>&quot;I have answered three questions, and that is enough,&quot;<br/><span>Said his father; &quot;don&#039;t give yourself airs!</span><br/>Do you think I can listen all day to such stuff?<br/><span>Be off, or I&#039;ll kick you down stairs!&quot;</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That is not said right,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Not <em>quite</em> right, I&#039;m afraid,&quot; said Alice,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00065" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[54]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_54" title="[54]"></span></span>
timidly; &quot;some of the words have got
altered.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It is wrong from beginning to end,&quot; said
the Caterpillar, decidedly, and there was silence
for some minutes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Caterpillar was the first to speak.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What size do you want to be?&quot; it asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, I&#039;m not particular as to size,&quot; Alice
hastily replied; &quot;only one doesn&#039;t like changing
so often, you know.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I <em>don&#039;t</em> know,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice said nothing: she had never been so
much contradicted in all her life before, and
she felt that she was losing her temper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Are you content now?&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, I should like to be a <em>little</em> larger, sir,
if you wouldn&#039;t mind,&quot; said Alice: &quot;three
inches is such a wretched height to be.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It is a very good height indeed!&quot; said
the Caterpillar angrily, rearing itself upright
as it spoke (it was exactly three inches high).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But I&#039;m not used to it!&quot; pleaded poor
Alice in a piteous tone. And she thought to
herself, &quot;I wish the creatures wouldn&#039;t be so
easily offended!&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00066" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[55]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_55" title="[55]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You&#039;ll get used to it in time,&quot; said the
Caterpillar; and it put its hookah into its
mouth and began smoking again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This time Alice waited patiently until it
chose to speak again. In a minute or two
the Caterpillar took the hookah out of its
mouth and yawned once or twice, and shook
itself. Then it got down off the mushroom,
and crawled away into the grass, merely remarking
as it went, &quot;One side will make you
grow taller, and the other side will make you
grow shorter.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;One side of <em>what?</em> The other side of
<em>what?</em>&quot; thought Alice to herself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Of the mushroom,&quot; said the Caterpillar,
just as if she had asked it aloud; and in
another moment it was out of sight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice remained looking thoughtfully at the
mushroom for a minute, trying to make out
which were the two sides of it; and as it was
perfectly round, she found this a very difficult
question. However, at last she stretched
her arms round it as far as they would go,
and broke off a bit of the edge with each
hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And now which is which?&quot; she said to<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00067" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[56]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_56" title="[56]"></span></span>
herself, and nibbled a little of the right-hand
bit to try the effect: the next moment she felt
a violent blow underneath her chin: it had
struck her foot!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figcenter">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" alt="She was frightened" id="img_images_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="16032" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f9ebb3dee5c8bc1edccb4e73131942383889efc2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="05180d8ef433b2c8602d05b7c0d3ed33050b727c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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</div>
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<p>She was a good deal frightened by this very
sudden change, but she felt that there was no
time to be lost, as she was shrinking rapidly;
so she set to work at once to eat some of the
other bit. Her chin was pressed so closely
against her foot that there was hardly room
to open her mouth; but she did it at last, and
managed to swallow a morsel of the left-hand
bit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00068" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[57]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_57" title="[57]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Come, my head&#039;s free at last!&quot; said Alice
in a tone of delight, which changed into alarm
in another moment, when she found that her
shoulders were nowhere to be found: all she
could see, when she looked down, was an
immense length of neck, which seemed to rise
like a stalk out of a sea of green leaves that
lay far below her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What <em>can</em> all that green stuff be?&quot; said
Alice. &quot;And where have my shoulders got
to? And oh, my poor hands, how is it I
ca&#039;n&#039;t see you?&quot; She was moving them about
as she spoke, but no result seemed to follow,
except a little shaking among the distant
green leaves.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As there seemed to be no chance of getting
her hands up to her head, she tried to get her
head down to them, and was delighted to find
that her neck would bend about easily in any
direction, like a serpent. She had just succeeded
in curving it down into a graceful
zigzag, and was going to dive in among the
leaves, which she found to be nothing but
the tops of the trees under which she
had been wandering, when a sharp hiss
made her draw back in a hurry: a large<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00069" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[58]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_58" title="[58]"></span></span>
pigeon had flown into her face, and was
beating her violently with its wings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Serpent!&quot; screamed the Pigeon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;m <em>not</em> a serpent!&quot; said Alice indignantly.
&quot;Let me alone!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Serpent, I say again!&quot; repeated the
Pigeon, but in a more subdued tone, and
added with a kind of a sob, &quot;I&#039;ve tried every
way, and nothing seems to suit them!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I haven&#039;t the least idea what you&#039;re
talking about,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;ve tried the roots of trees, and I&#039;ve
tried banks, and I&#039;ve tried hedges,&quot; the Pigeon
went on, without attending to her; &quot;but those
serpents! There&#039;s no pleasing them!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice was more and more puzzled, but she
thought there was no use in saying anything
more till the Pigeon had finished.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;As if it wasn&#039;t trouble enough hatching
the eggs,&quot; said the Pigeon; &quot;but I must be
on the look-out for serpents night and day!
Why, I haven&#039;t had a wink of sleep these
three weeks!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;m very sorry you&#039;ve been annoyed,&quot;
said Alice, who was beginning to see its
meaning.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00070" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[59]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_59" title="[59]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figright">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" alt="As a tree" id="img_images_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="70943" data-pandoc-media-sha1="0aa95390540fe7c6d0c5d5896539e7b663bdbc56" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="014dc26a3a45b8b16673cc801af3e4c67f1b2646" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00071" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[61]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_61" title="[61]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And just as I&#039;d taken the highest tree in
the wood,&quot; continued the Pigeon, raising its
voice to a shriek, &quot;and just as I was thinking
I should be free of them at last, they must
needs come wriggling down from the sky!
Ugh, Serpent!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But I&#039;m <em>not</em> a serpent, I tell you!&quot; said
Alice. &quot;I&#039;m a—— I&#039;m a ——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well! <em>What</em> are you?&quot; said the Pigeon.
&quot;I can see you&#039;re trying to invent something!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I—I&#039;m a little girl,&quot; said Alice, rather
doubtfully, as she remembered the number of
changes she had gone through that day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;A likely story indeed!&quot; said the Pigeon
in a tone of the deepest contempt. &quot;I&#039;ve
seen a good many little girls in my time, but
never <em>one</em> with such a neck as that! No, no!
You&#039;re a serpent; and there&#039;s no use denying
it. I suppose you&#039;ll be telling me next that
you never tasted an egg!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I <em>have</em> tasted eggs, certainly,&quot; said Alice,
who was a very truthful child; &quot;but little
girls eat eggs quite as much as serpents do,
you know.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t believe it,&quot; said the Pigeon; &quot;but<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00072" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[62]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_62" title="[62]"></span></span>
if they do, why then they&#039;re a kind of serpent,
that&#039;s all I can say.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This was such a new idea to Alice, that
she was quite silent for a minute or two,
which gave the Pigeon the opportunity of
adding, &quot;You&#039;re looking for eggs, I know
<em>that</em> well enough; and what does it matter
to me whether you&#039;re a little girl or a serpent?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It matters a good deal to <em>me</em>,&quot; said Alice
hastily; &quot;but I&#039;m not looking for eggs, as it
happens; and if I was, I shouldn&#039;t want
<em>yours:</em> I don&#039;t like them raw.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, be off, then!&quot; said the Pigeon in a
sulky tone, as it settled down again into its
nest. Alice crouched down among the trees
as well as she could, for her neck kept getting
entangled among the branches, and every
now and then she had to stop and untwist it.
After a while she remembered that she still
held the pieces of mushroom in her hands,
and she set to work very carefully, nibbling
first at one and then at the other, and growing
sometimes taller and sometimes shorter,
until she had succeeded in bringing herself
down to her usual height.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00073" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[63]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_63" title="[63]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was so long since she had been anything
near the right size, that it felt quite strange
at first; but she got used to it in a few
minutes, and began talking to herself, as
usual. &quot;Come, there&#039;s half my plan done
now! How puzzling all these changes are!
I&#039;m never sure what I&#039;m going to be, from
one minute to another! However, I&#039;ve got
back to my right size: the next thing is, to
get into that beautiful garden—how <em>is</em> that
to be done, I wonder?&quot; As she said this,
she came suddenly upon an open place, with
a little house in it about four feet high.
&quot;Whoever lives there,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;it&#039;ll
never do to come upon them <em>this</em> size: why,
I should frighten them out of their wits!&quot;
So she began nibbling at the right-hand
bit again, and did not venture to go near the
house till she had brought herself down to
nine inches high.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00074" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[64]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_64" title="[64]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER VI</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Pig and
Pepper</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_f.png" alt="F" id="img_images_f.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2091" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5b916cf1503bac35b7d2b22e5833d87321c34c91" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0242ab7f609108b32efbeebf1860a273dbeb69a0" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OR a minute or two she stood looking
at the house, and wondering
what to do next, when suddenly a
footman in livery came running
out of the wood—(she considered him to be a
footman because he was in livery: otherwise,
judging by his face only, she would have
called him a fish)—and rapped loudly at the
door with his knuckles. It was opened by
another footman in livery, with a round face
and large eyes like a frog; and both footmen,
Alice noticed, had powdered hair that curled
all over their heads. She felt very curious
to know what it was all about, and crept a
little way out of the wood to listen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Fish-Footman began by producing
from under his arm a great letter, nearly
as large as himself, and this he handed over
to the other, saying, in a solemn tone, &quot;For<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00075" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[65]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_65" title="[65]"></span></span>
the Duchess. An invitation from the Queen
to play croquet.&quot; The Frog-Footman repeated,
in the same solemn tone, only
changing the order of the words a little,
&quot;From the Queen. An invitation for the
Duchess to play croquet.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then they both bowed low, and their curls
got entangled together.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice laughed so much at this, that she
had to run back into the wood for fear of
their hearing her; and, when she next
peeped out, the Fish-Footman was gone,
and the other was sitting on the ground near
the door, staring stupidly up into the sky.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice went timidly up to the door and
knocked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;There&#039;s no use in knocking,&quot; said the
Footman, &quot;and that for two reasons. First,
because I&#039;m on the same side of the door as
you are; secondly, because they&#039;re making
such a noise inside, no one could possibly
hear you.&quot; And certainly there was a most
extraordinary noise going on within—a constant
howling and sneezing, and every now
and then a great crash, as if a dish or kettle
had been broken to pieces.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00076" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[66]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_66" title="[66]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Please, then,&quot; said Alice, &quot;how am I to
get in?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;There might be some sense in your knocking,&quot;
the Footman went on without attending
to her, &quot;if we had the door between us. For
instance, if you were <em>inside</em>, you might knock,
and I could let you out, you know.&quot; He was
looking up into the sky all the time he was
speaking, and this Alice thought decidedly
uncivil. &quot;But perhaps he can&#039;t help it,&quot; she
said to herself: &quot;his eyes are so <em>very</em> nearly
at the top of his head. But at any rate he
might answer questions. How am I to get
in?&quot; she repeated aloud.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I shall sit here,&quot; the Footman remarked,
&quot;till to-morrow——<u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: this closing quotation mark was added to the text">&quot;</u></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At this moment the door of the house
opened, and a large plate came skimming
out, straight at the Footman&#039;s head: it just
grazed his nose, and broke to pieces against
one of the trees behind him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;——or next day, maybe,&quot; the Footman
continued in the same tone, exactly as if
nothing had happened.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;How am I to get in?&quot; asked Alice again
in a louder tone.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00077" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[67]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_67" title="[67]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>Are</em> you to get in at all?&quot; said the Footman.
&quot;That&#039;s the first question, you know.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" alt="The Footman and Alice" id="img_images_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="22904" data-pandoc-media-sha1="16ac6c9c91de090b4f079006fb8b7473066ae9c4" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="48cdf0024cce0d8c25c407dd33599b4ee504426d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was, no doubt: only Alice did not
like to be told so. &quot;It&#039;s really dreadful,&quot;
she muttered to herself, &quot;the way all the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00078" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[68]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_68" title="[68]"></span></span>
creatures argue. It&#039;s enough to drive one
crazy!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Footman seemed to consider this a
good opportunity for repeating his remark,
with variations. &quot;I shall sit here,&quot; he said,
&quot;on and off, for days and days.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But what am <em>I</em> to do?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Anything you like,&quot; said the Footman,
and began whistling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, there&#039;s no use in talking to him,&quot;
said Alice desperately: &quot;he&#039;s perfectly
idiotic!&quot; And she opened the door and
went in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The door led right into a large kitchen,
which was full of smoke from one end to the
other: the Duchess was sitting on a three-legged
stool in the middle, nursing a baby,
the cook was leaning over the fire, stirring a
large cauldron which seemed to be full of
soup.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;There&#039;s certainly too much pepper in that
soup!&quot; Alice said to herself, as well as she
could for sneezing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There was certainly too much of it in the
air. Even the Duchess sneezed occasionally;
and the baby was sneezing and howling alternately<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00079" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[69]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_69" title="[69]"></span></span>
without a moment&#039;s pause. The only
things in the kitchen that did not sneeze, were
the cook, and a large cat which was sitting on
the hearth and grinning from ear to ear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Please would you tell me,&quot; said Alice a
little timidly, for she was not quite sure
whether it was good manners for her to speak
first, &quot;why your cat grins like that?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It&#039;s a Cheshire <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: single quotation mark changed to double">cat,&quot;</u> said the Duchess,
&quot;and that&#039;s why. Pig!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She said the last word with such sudden
violence that Alice quite jumped; but she saw
in another moment that it was addressed to
the baby, and not to her, so she took courage,
and went on again:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I didn&#039;t know that Cheshire cats always
grinned; in fact, I didn&#039;t know that cats <em>could</em>
grin.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;They all can,&quot; said the Duchess; &quot;and
most of &#039;em do.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t know of any that do,&quot; Alice said
very politely, feeling quite pleased to have got
into a conversation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You don&#039;t know much,&quot; said the Duchess;
&quot;and that&#039;s a fact.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice did not at all like the tone of this<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00080" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[70]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_70" title="[70]"></span></span>
remark, and thought it would be as well to
introduce some other subject of conversation.
While she was trying to fix on one, the cook
took the cauldron of soup off the fire, and at
once set to work throwing everything within
her reach at the Duchess and the baby—the
fire-irons came first; then followed a shower
of saucepans, plates, and dishes. The Duchess
took no notice of them even when they hit
her; and the baby was howling so much
already, that it was quite impossible to say
whether the blows hurt it or not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, <em>please</em> mind what you&#039;re doing!&quot;
cried Alice, jumping up and down in an
agony of terror. &quot;Oh, there goes his <em>precious</em>
nose&quot;; as an unusually large saucepan flew
close by it, and very nearly carried it off.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;If everybody minded their own business,&quot;
the Duchess said in a hoarse growl, &quot;the
world would go round a deal faster than it
does.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="An unusually large saucepan flew close by it"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>An unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and
very nearly carried it off</em><br/></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" alt="An unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and very nearly carried it off" id="img_images_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="82081" data-pandoc-media-sha1="0c6e82b77d047a8e09740804f28f81f6a95ae171" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="eed0325453f298c5e89d8cf4a2ade60169fc38fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Which would <em>not</em> be an advantage,&quot; said
Alice, who felt very glad to get an opportunity
of showing off a little of her knowledge.
&quot;Just think what work it would make with
the day and night! You see the earth takes<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00081" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[71]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_71" title="[71]"></span></span>
twenty-four hours to turn round on its
axis——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Talking of axes,&quot; said the Duchess, &quot;chop
off her head.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice glanced rather anxiously at the cook,
to see if she meant to take the hint; but the
cook was busily engaged in stirring the soup,
and did not seem to be listening, so she ventured
to go on again: &quot;Twenty-four hours, I
<em>think;</em> or is it twelve? I——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, don&#039;t bother <em>me</em>,&quot; said the Duchess;
&quot;I never could abide figures!&quot; And with that
she began nursing her child again, singing
a sort of lullaby to it as she did so, and giving
it a violent shake at the end of every line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Speak roughly to your little boy,<br/><span>And beat him when he sneezes:</span><br/>He only does it to annoy,<br/><span>Because he knows it teases.&quot;</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><br/><span class="smcap">Chorus</span><br/>(In which the cook and the baby joined):<br/>&quot;Wow! wow! wow!&quot;<br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>While the Duchess sang the second verse of
the song, she kept tossing the baby violently<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00082" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[72]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_72" title="[72]"></span></span>
up and down, and the poor little thing howled
so, that Alice could hardly hear the words:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I speak severely to my boy,<br/><span>I beat him when he sneezes;</span><br/>For he can thoroughly enjoy<br/><span>The pepper when he pleases!&quot;</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><br/><span class="smcap">Chorus.</span><br/>&quot;Wow! wow! wow!&quot;<br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Here! you may nurse it a bit if you like!&quot;
the Duchess said to Alice, flinging the baby
at her as she spoke. &quot;I must go and get
ready to play croquet with the Queen,&quot; and
she hurried out of the room. The cook threw
a frying-pan after her as she went out, but it
just missed her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice caught the baby with some difficulty,
as it was a queer-shaped little creature, and
held out its arms and legs in all directions,
&quot;just like a star-fish,&quot; thought Alice. The
poor little thing was snorting like a steam-engine
when she caught it, and kept doubling
itself up and straightening itself out again, so
that altogether, for the first minute or two, it
was as much as she could do to hold it.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00083" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[73]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_73" title="[73]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As soon as she had made out the proper
way of nursing it, (which was to twist it up
into a knot, and then keep tight hold of its
right ear and left foot, so as to prevent its
undoing itself,) she carried it out into the
open air. &quot;If I don&#039;t take this child away
with me,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;they&#039;re sure to kill
it in a day or two: wouldn&#039;t it be murder to
leave it behind?&quot; She said the last words
out loud, and the little thing grunted in reply
(it had left off sneezing by this time). &quot;Don&#039;t
grunt,&quot; said Alice; &quot;that&#039;s not at all a proper
way of expressing yourself.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The baby grunted again, and Alice looked
very anxiously into its face to see what was
the matter with it. There could be no doubt
that it had a <em>very</em> turn-up nose, much more
like a snout than a real nose; also its eyes
were getting extremely small for a baby: altogether
Alice did not like the look of the thing
at all. &quot;But perhaps it was only sobbing,&quot;
she thought, and looked into its eyes again,
to see if there were any tears.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No, there were no tears. &quot;If you&#039;re going
to turn into a pig, my dear,&quot; said Alice,
seriously, &quot;I&#039;ll have nothing more to do<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00084" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[74]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_74" title="[74]"></span></span>
with you. Mind now!&quot; The poor little
thing sobbed again (or grunted, it was impossible
to say which), and they went on
for some while in silence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice was just beginning to think to herself,
&quot;Now, what am I to do with this
creature when I get it home?&quot; when it
grunted again, so violently, that she looked
down into its face in some alarm. This time
there could be <em>no</em> mistake about it: it was
neither more nor less than a pig, and she felt
that it would be quite absurd for her to carry
it any further.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So she set the little creature down, and
felt quite relieved to see it trot quietly away
into the wood. &quot;If it had grown up,&quot; she
said to herself, &quot;it would have made a dreadfully
ugly child: but it makes rather a handsome
pig, I think.&quot; And she began thinking
over other children she knew, who might
do very well as pigs, and was just saying to
herself, &quot;if one only knew the right way to
change them——&quot; when she was a little startled
by seeing the Cheshire Cat sitting on a bough
of a tree a few yards off.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="It grunted again so violently"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>It grunted again so violently that she looked down
into its face in some alarm</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" alt="It grunted again so violently that she looked down into its face in some alarm" id="img_images_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="64694" data-pandoc-media-sha1="40696911aa0de307947f6d4f3b29563a2c8554d2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="f7fa303fd709e8210bd24805642acda22d16ba99" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Cat only grinned when it saw Alice.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00085" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[75]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_75" title="[75]"></span></span>
It looked good-natured, she thought: still it
had <em>very</em> long claws and a great many teeth,
so she felt that it ought to be treated with
respect.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" alt="Cheshire cat in a tree" id="img_images_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="18161" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bcf6c940b5797a2d4da8079fc5643fc5eebfb78a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="d61ac1becb65c634be80ca627d692c3622dc55cf" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Cheshire Puss,&quot; she began, rather timidly,
as she did not at all know whether it would
like the name: however, it only grinned a little
wider. &quot;Come, it&#039;s pleased so far,&quot; thought
Alice, and she went on. &quot;Would you tell me,
please, which way I ought to go from here?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That depends a good deal on where you
want to get to,&quot; said the Cat.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00086" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[76]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_76" title="[76]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t much care where——&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Then it doesn&#039;t matter which way you
go,&quot; said the Cat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;—— so long as I get <em>somewhere</em>,&quot; Alice
added as an explanation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, you&#039;re sure to do that,&quot; said the
Cat, &quot;if you only walk long enough.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice felt that this could not be denied,
so she tried another question. &quot;What sort of
people live about here?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;In <em>that</em> direction,&quot; the Cat said, waving
its right paw round, &quot;lives a Hatter: and
in <em>that</em> direction,&quot; waving the other paw,
&quot;lives a March Hare. Visit either you like:
they&#039;re both mad.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But I don&#039;t want to go among mad
people,&quot; Alice remarked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, you ca&#039;n&#039;t help that,&quot; said the Cat:
&quot;we&#039;re all mad here. I&#039;m mad. You&#039;re mad.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;How do you know I&#039;m mad?&quot; said
Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You must be,&quot; said the Cat, &quot;or you
wouldn&#039;t have come here.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice didn&#039;t think that proved it at all;
however, she went on. &quot;And how do you
know that you&#039;re mad?&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00087" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[77]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_77" title="[77]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;To begin with,&quot; said the Cat, &quot;a dog&#039;s
not mad. You grant that?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I suppose so,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, then,&quot; the Cat went on, &quot;you see
a dog growls when it&#039;s angry, and wags its
tail when it&#039;s pleased. Now <em>I</em> growl when
I&#039;m pleased, and wag my tail when I&#039;m angry.
Therefore I&#039;m mad.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>I</em> call it purring, not growling,&quot; said
Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Call it what you like,&quot; said the Cat.
&quot;Do you play croquet with the Queen to-day?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I should like it very much,&quot; said Alice,
&quot;but I haven&#039;t been invited yet.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You&#039;ll see me there,&quot; said the Cat and
vanished.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice was not much surprised at this, she
was getting so used to queer things happening.
While she was looking at the place
where it had been, it suddenly appeared
again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;By-the-bye, what became of the baby?&quot;
said the Cat. &quot;I&#039;d nearly forgotten to ask.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It turned into a pig,&quot; Alice quietly said,
just as if it had come back in a natural way.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00088" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[78]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_78" title="[78]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I thought it would,&quot; said the Cat, and
vanished again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice waited a little, half expecting to see
it again, but it did not appear, and after a
minute or two she walked on in the direction
in which the March Hare was said to live.
&quot;I&#039;ve seen hatters before,&quot; she said to herself;
&quot;the March Hare will be much the most
interesting, and perhaps as this is May, it
won&#039;t be raving mad—at least not so mad as
it was in March.&quot; As she said this, she
looked up, and there was the Cat again,
sitting on the branch of a tree.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Did you say pig, or fig?&quot; said the Cat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I said pig,&quot; replied Alice; &quot;and I wish
you wouldn&#039;t keep appearing and vanishing
so suddenly: you make one quite giddy.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;All right,&quot; said the Cat; and this time it
vanished quite slowly, beginning with the
end of the tail, and ending with the grin,
which remained some time after the rest of it
had gone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well! I&#039;ve often seen a cat without a
grin,&quot; thought Alice; &quot;but a grin without a
cat! It&#039;s the most curious thing I ever saw
in all my life.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00089" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[79]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_79" title="[79]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figright">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" alt="Cheshire cat again" id="img_images_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="42350" data-pandoc-media-sha1="90976bfeab8ec0ec6c121a9af08f28b3af63a47d" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="cc0a1f64201a33f4f9fd81f6fa906d75cf139679" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00090" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[81]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_81" title="[81]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She had not gone much farther before she
came in sight of the house of the March
Hare: she thought it must be the right house,
because the chimneys were shaped like ears
and the roof was thatched with fur. It was
so large a house, that she did not like to go
nearer till she had nibbled some more of the
left-hand bit of mushroom, and raised herself,
to about two feet high: even then she walked
up towards it rather timidly, saying to herself,
&quot;Suppose it should be raving mad after all!
I almost wish I&#039;d gone to see the Hatter
instead!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00091" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[82]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_82" title="[82]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER VII</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>A Mad
Tea-party</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_t.png" alt="T" id="img_images_t.png_2" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2268" data-pandoc-media-sha1="95bf79f536e8e087ef0b4ddd0dae0f53bdaf81e2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="764f119afa968c8f7404721ee9fa70a98da9f2fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HERE was a table set out under
a tree in front of the house, and
the March Hare and the Hatter
were having tea at it: a Dormouse
was sitting between them, fast asleep, and
the other two were using it as a cushion
resting their elbows on it, and talking over
its head. &quot;Very uncomfortable for the Dormouse,&quot;
thought Alice; &quot;only as it&#039;s asleep,
suppose it doesn&#039;t mind.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table was a large one, but the three
were all crowded together at one corner of it.
&quot;No room! No room!&quot; they cried out when
they saw Alice coming.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;There&#039;s <em>plenty</em> of
room!&quot; said Alice indignantly, and she sat
down in a large arm-chair at one end of the
table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Have some wine,&quot; the March Hare said
in an encouraging tone.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00092" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[83]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_83" title="[83]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice looked all round the table, but there
was nothing on it but tea. &quot;I don&#039;t see any
wine,&quot; she remarked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;There isn&#039;t any,&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Then it wasn&#039;t very civil of you to offer
it,&quot; said Alice angrily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It wasn&#039;t very civil of you to sit down
without being invited,&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I didn&#039;t know it was <em>your</em> table,&quot; said
Alice; &quot;it&#039;s laid for a great many more than
three.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Your hair wants cutting,&quot; said the Hatter.
He had been looking at Alice for some time
with great curiosity, and this was his first
speech.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You should learn not to make personal
remarks,&quot; Alice said with some severity;
&quot;it&#039;s very rude.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Hatter opened his eyes very wide on
hearing this; but all he <em>said</em> was &quot;Why is a
raven like a writing-desk?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Come, we shall have some fun now!&quot;
thought Alice. &quot;I&#039;m glad they&#039;ve begun
asking riddles.—I believe I can guess that,&quot;
she added aloud.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Do you mean that you think you can<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00093" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[84]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_84" title="[84]"></span></span>
find out the answer to it?&quot; said the March
Hare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Exactly so,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Then you should say what you mean,&quot;
the March Hare went on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I do,&quot; Alice hastily replied; &quot;at least—at
least I mean what I say—that&#039;s the same
thing, you know.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Not the same thing a bit!&quot; said the
Hatter. &quot;Why, you might just as well say
that &#039;I see what I eat&#039; is the same thing as
&#039;I eat what I see&#039;!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You might just as well say,&quot; added the
March Hare, &quot;that &#039;I like what I get&#039; is the
same thing as &#039;I get what I like&#039;!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You might just as well say,&quot; added the
Dormouse, which seemed to be talking in his
sleep, &quot;that &#039;I breathe when I sleep&#039; is the
same thing as &#039;I sleep when I breathe&#039;!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It <em>is</em> the same thing with you,&quot; said the
Hatter; and here the conversation dropped,
and the party sat silent for a minute, while
Alice thought over all she could remember
about ravens and writing-desks, which wasn&#039;t
much.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="A Mad Tea Party"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>A Mad Tea Party</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" alt="A Mad Tea Party" id="img_images_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="67990" data-pandoc-media-sha1="9262ba5192034492cea63643ba827dbe0c331730" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="4ed365e21d0ce8cfb08229140041ebcdf5617f98" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Hatter was the first to break the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00094" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[85]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_85" title="[85]"></span></span>
silence. &quot;What day of the month is it?&quot; he
said, turning to Alice: he had taken his
watch out of his pocket, and was looking at
it uneasily, shaking it every now and then,
and holding it to his ear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice considered a little, and then said
&quot;The fourth.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Two days wrong!&quot; sighed the Hatter.
&quot;I told you butter would not suit the works!&quot;
he added, looking angrily at the March Hare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It was the <em>best</em> butter,&quot; the March Hare
meekly replied.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes, but some crumbs must have got in
as well,&quot; the Hatter grumbled: &quot;you shouldn&#039;t
have put it in with the bread-knife.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The March Hare took the watch and looked
at it gloomily: then he dipped it into his cup
of tea, and looked at it again: but he could
think of nothing better to say than his first
remark, &quot;It was the <em>best</em> butter, you know.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice had been looking over his shoulder
with some curiosity. &quot;What a funny watch!&quot;
she remarked. &quot;It tells the day of the month,
and doesn&#039;t tell what o&#039;clock it is!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why should it?&quot; muttered the Hatter.
&quot;Does <em>your</em> watch tell you what year it is?&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00095" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[86]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_86" title="[86]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Of course not,&quot; Alice replied very readily:
&quot;but that&#039;s because it stays the same year for
such a long time together.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Which is just the case with <em>mine</em>,&quot; said
the Hatter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice felt dreadfully puzzled. The Hatter&#039;s
remark seemed to have no meaning in it, and
yet it was certainly English. &quot;I don&#039;t quite
understand,&quot; she said, as politely as she
could.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;The Dormouse is asleep again,&quot; said the
Hatter, and he poured a little hot tea upon its
nose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Dormouse shook its head impatiently,
and said, without opening its eyes, &quot;Of course,
of course; just what I was going to remark
myself.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Have you guessed the riddle yet?&quot; the
Hatter said, turning to Alice again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;No, I give it up,&quot; Alice replied: &quot;what&#039;s
the answer?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I haven&#039;t the slightest idea,&quot; said the
Hatter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Nor I,&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice sighed wearily. &quot;I think you might
do something better with the time,&quot; she said,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00096" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[87]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_87" title="[87]"></span></span>
&quot;than wasting it asking riddles with no
answers.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;If you knew Time as well as I do,&quot; said
the Hatter, &quot;you wouldn&#039;t talk about wasting
<em>it</em>. It&#039;s <em>him</em>.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t know what you mean,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Of course you don&#039;t!&quot; the Hatter said,
tossing his head contemptuously. &quot;I daresay
you never spoke to Time!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Perhaps not,&quot; Alice cautiously replied:
&quot;but I know I have to beat time when I
learn music.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Ah! that accounts for it,&quot; said the Hatter.
&quot;He won&#039;t stand beating. Now, if you only
kept on good terms with him, he&#039;d do almost
anything you liked with the clock. For instance,
suppose it were nine o&#039;clock in the
morning, just time to begin lessons: you&#039;d
only have to whisper a hint to Time, and
round goes the clock in a twinkling! Half-past
one, time for dinner!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(&quot;I only wish it was,&quot; the March Hare said
to itself in a whisper.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That would be grand, certainly,&quot; said
Alice thoughtfully: &quot;but then—I shouldn&#039;t
be hungry for it, you know.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00097" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[88]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_88" title="[88]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Not at first, perhaps,&quot; said the Hatter:
&quot;but you could keep it to half-past one as
long as you liked.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Is that the way <em>you</em> manage?&quot; Alice
asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Hatter shook his head mournfully.
&quot;Not I!&quot; he replied. &quot;We quarrelled last
March——just before <em>he</em> went mad, you
know——&quot; (pointing with his teaspoon to the
March Hare), &quot;it was at the great concert
given by the Queen of Hearts, and I had to
sing</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&#039;Twinkle, twinkle, little bat!<br/>How I wonder what you&#039;re at!&#039;<br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You know that song, perhaps?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;ve heard something like it,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It goes on, you know,&quot; the Hatter continued,
&quot;in this way:—</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&#039;Up above the world you fly,<br/>Like a tea-tray in the sky.<br/><span>Twinkle, twinkle——&#039;&quot;</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here the Dormouse shook itself, and began
singing in its sleep &quot;<em>Twinkle, twinkle, twinkle,
twinkle</em>——&quot; and went on so long that they
had to pinch it to make it stop.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00098" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[89]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_89" title="[89]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, I&#039;d hardly finished the first verse,&quot;
said the Hatter, &quot;when the Queen jumped up
and bawled out &#039;He&#039;s murdering the time!
Off with his head!&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;How dreadfully savage!&quot; exclaimed
Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And ever since that,&quot; the Hatter went on
in a mournful tone, &quot;he won&#039;t do a thing I
ask! It&#039;s always six o&#039;clock now.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A bright idea came into Alice&#039;s head. &quot;Is
that the reason so many tea-things are put
out here?&quot; she asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes, that&#039;s it,&quot; said the Hatter with a
sigh: &quot;it&#039;s always tea-time, and we&#039;ve no
time to wash the things between whiles.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Then you keep moving round, I suppose?&quot;
said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Exactly so,&quot; said the Hatter: &quot;as the
things get used up.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But what happens when you come to
the beginning again?&quot; Alice ventured to
ask.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Suppose we change the subject,&quot; the
March Hare interrupted, yawning. &quot;I&#039;m
getting tired of this. I vote the young lady
tells us a story.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00099" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[90]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_90" title="[90]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;m afraid I don&#039;t know one,&quot; said Alice,
rather alarmed at the proposal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Then the Dormouse shall!&quot; they both
cried. &quot;Wake up, Dormouse!&quot; And they
pinched it on both sides at once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Dormouse slowly opened his eyes. &quot;I
wasn&#039;t asleep,&quot; he said in a hoarse, feeble
voice: &quot;I heard every word you fellows were
saying.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Tell us a story!&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes, please do!&quot; pleaded Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And be quick about it,&quot; added the Hatter,
&quot;or you&#039;ll be asleep again before it&#039;s done.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Once upon a time there were three little
sisters,&quot; the Dormouse began in a great
hurry; &quot;and their names were Elsie, Lacie,
and Tillie; and they lived at the bottom of a
well——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What did they live on?&quot; said Alice, who
always took a great interest in questions of
eating and drinking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;They lived on treacle,&quot; said the Dormouse,
after thinking a minute or two.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;They couldn&#039;t have done that, you know,&quot;
Alice gently remarked; &quot;they&#039;d have been
ill.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00100" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[91]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_91" title="[91]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;So they were,&quot; said the Dormouse; &quot;<em>very</em>
ill.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice tried a little to fancy to herself what
such an extraordinary way of living would be
like, but it puzzled her too much, so she went
on: &quot;But why did they live at the bottom of
a well?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Take some more tea,&quot; the March Hare
said to Alice, very earnestly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;ve had nothing yet,&quot; Alice replied in an
offended tone, &quot;so I can&#039;t take more.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You mean you can&#039;t take <em>less</em>,&quot; said the
Hatter; &quot;it&#039;s very easy to take <em>more</em> than
nothing.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Nobody asked <em>your</em> opinion,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Who&#039;s making personal remarks now?&quot;
the Hatter asked triumphantly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice did not quite know what to say to
this: so she helped herself to some tea and
bread-and-butter, and then turned to the Dormouse,
and repeated her question. &quot;Why
did they live at the bottom of a well?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Dormouse again took a minute or two <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: this word not present in original text">to</u>
think about it, and then said, &quot;It was a
treacle-well.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;There&#039;s no such thing!&quot; Alice was beginning<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00101" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[92]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_92" title="[92]"></span></span>
very angrily, but the Hatter and the
March Hare went &quot;Sh! sh!&quot; and the Dormouse
sulkily remarked: &quot;If you can&#039;t be
civil, you&#039;d better finish the story for yourself.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;No, please go on!&quot; Alice said very
humbly. &quot;I won&#039;t interrupt you again. I
dare say there may be <em>one</em>.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;One, indeed!&quot; said the Dormouse indignantly.
However, he consented to go on.
&quot;And so these three little sisters—they were
learning to draw, you know——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What did they draw?&quot; said Alice, quite
forgetting her promise.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Treacle,&quot; said the Dormouse, without
considering at all this time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I want a clean cup,&quot; interrupted the
Hatter: &quot;let&#039;s all move one place on.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He moved as he spoke, and the Dormouse
followed him: the March Hare moved into
the Dormouse&#039;s place, and Alice rather unwillingly
took the place of the March Hare.
The Hatter was the only one who got any
advantage from the change: and Alice was a
good deal worse off than before, as the March
Hare had just upset the milk-jug into his plate.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00102" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[93]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_93" title="[93]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice did not wish to offend the Dormouse
again, so she began very cautiously: &quot;But I
don&#039;t understand. Where did they draw the
treacle from?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You can draw water out of a water-well,&quot;
said the Hatter; &quot;so I should think you
could draw treacle out of a treacle-well—eh,
stupid!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But they were <em>in</em> the well,&quot; Alice said to
the Dormouse, not choosing to notice this
last remark.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Of course they were,&quot; said the Dormouse;
&quot;——well in.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This answer so confused poor Alice that
she let the Dormouse go on for some time
without interrupting it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;They were learning to draw,&quot; the Dormouse
went on, yawning and rubbing its
eyes, for it was getting very sleepy; &quot;and
they drew all manner of things—everything
that begins with an M——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why with an M?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why not?&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice was silent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Dormouse had closed its eyes by this
time, and was going off into a dose; but, on<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00103" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[94]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_94" title="[94]"></span></span>
being pinched by the Hatter, it woke up
again with a little shriek, and went on: &quot;——
that begins with an M, such as mouse-traps,
and the moon, and memory, and muchness—you
know you say things are &#039;much of a
muchness&#039;—did you ever see such a thing as
a drawing of a muchness?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Really, now you ask me,&quot; said Alice, very
much confused, &quot;I don&#039;t think——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Then you shouldn&#039;t talk,&quot; said the Hatter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This piece of rudeness was more than Alice
could bear: she got up in great disgust and
walked off; the Dormouse fell asleep instantly,
and neither of the others took the least notice
of her going, though she looked back once
or twice, half hoping that they would call
after her: the last time she saw them, they
were trying to put the Dormouse into the
teapot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;At any rate I&#039;ll never go <em>there</em> again!&quot;
said Alice as she picked her way through the
wood. &quot;It&#039;s the stupidest tea-party I ever
was at in all my life!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Just as she said this, she noticed that one
of the trees had a door leading right into it.
&quot;That&#039;s very curious!&quot; she thought. &quot;But<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00104" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[95]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_95" title="[95]"></span></span>
everything&#039;s curious to-day. I think I may
as well go in at once.&quot; And in she went.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Once more she found herself in the long
hall, and close to the little glass table. &quot;Now
I&#039;ll manage better this time,&quot; she said to herself,
and began by taking the little golden
key, and unlocking the door that led into the
garden. Then she set to work nibbling at the
mushroom (she had kept a piece of it in her
pocket) till she was about a foot high: then
she walked down the little passage: and <em>then</em>—she
found herself at last in the beautiful
garden, among the bright flower-beds and the
cool fountains.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00105" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[96]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_96" title="[96]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER VIII</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Queen&#039;s
Croquet-Ground</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_a.png" alt="A" id="img_images_a.png_1" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1958" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c9ae16ac0296d858d1fd9aadb7283a1c6f379d8e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bb6a733e0f93f880cb45975e3623f2d83734d898" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>  LARGE rose-tree stood near the
entrance of the garden: the roses
growing on it were white, but there
were three gardeners at it, busily
painting them red. Alice thought this a very
curious thing, and she went nearer to watch
them, and just as she came up to them
she heard one of them say &quot;Look out now,
Five! Don&#039;t go splashing paint over me like
that!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I couldn&#039;t help it,&quot; said Five, in a sulky
tone. &quot;Seven jogged my elbow.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On which Seven looked up and said, &quot;That&#039;s
right, Five! Always lay the blame on others!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>You&#039;d</em> better not talk!&quot; said Five. &quot;I
heard the Queen say only yesterday you deserved
to be beheaded!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What for?&quot; said the one who had first
spoken.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00106" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[97]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_97" title="[97]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That&#039;s none of <em>your</em> business, Two!&quot; said
Seven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes, it <em>is</em> his business!&quot; said Five. &quot;And
I&#039;ll tell him—it was for bringing the cook
tulip-roots instead of onions.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Seven flung down his brush, and had just
begun &quot;Well, of all the unjust things——&quot;
when his eye chanced to fall upon Alice, as
she stood watching them, and he checked
himself suddenly: the others looked round
also, and all of them bowed low.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Would you tell me,&quot; said Alice, a little
timidly, &quot;why you are painting those
roses?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Five and Seven said nothing, but looked
at Two. Two began in a low voice, &quot;Why,
the fact is, you see, Miss, this here ought to
have been a <em>red</em> rose-tree, and we put a white
one in by mistake; and if the Queen was to
find it out, we should all have our heads cut
off, you know. So you see, Miss, we&#039;re doing
our best, afore she comes, to——&quot; At this
moment, Five, who had been anxiously looking
across the garden, called out &quot;The Queen!
The Queen!&quot; and the three gardeners instantly
threw themselves flat upon their faces. There<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00107" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[98]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_98" title="[98]"></span></span>
was a sound of many footsteps, and Alice
looked round, eager to see the Queen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>First came ten soldiers carrying clubs;
these were all shaped like the three gardeners,
oblong and flat, with their hands and feet at
the corners: next the ten courtiers; these
were ornamented all over with diamonds, and
walked two and two, as the soldiers did.
After these came the royal children; there
were ten of them, and the little dears came
jumping merrily along hand in hand, in
couples; they were all ornamented with hearts.
Next came the guests, mostly Kings and
Queens, and among them Alice recognised
the White Rabbit: it was talking in a hurried,
nervous manner, smiling at everything that
was said, and went by without noticing her.
Then followed the Knave of Hearts, carrying
the King&#039;s crown on a crimson velvet cushion;
and last of all this grand procession, came
THE KING AND QUEEN OF HEARTS.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice was rather doubtful whether she
ought not to lie down on her face like the
three gardeners, but she could not remember
ever having heard of such a rule at processions;
&quot;and besides, what would be the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00108" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[99]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_99" title="[99]"></span></span>
use of a procession,&quot; thought she, &quot;if people
had to lie down upon their faces, so that they
couldn&#039;t see it?&quot; So she stood still where
she was, and waited.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the procession came opposite to
Alice, they all stopped and looked at her, and
the Queen said severely, &quot;Who is this?&quot;
She said it to the Knave of Hearts, who only
bowed and smiled in reply.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Idiot!&quot; said the Queen, tossing her head
impatiently; and turning to Alice, she went
on, &quot;What&#039;s your name, child?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;My name is Alice, so please your
Majesty,&quot; said Alice very politely; but she
added, to herself, &quot;Why, they&#039;re only a pack
of cards, after all. I needn&#039;t be afraid of
them!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And who are <em>these?</em>&quot; said the Queen,
pointing to the three gardeners who were
lying round the rose-tree; for, you see, as
they were lying on their faces, and the
pattern on their backs was the same as the
rest of the pack, she could not tell whether
they were gardeners, or soldiers, or courtiers,
or three of her own children.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;How should <em>I</em> know?&quot; said Alice, surprised<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00109" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[100]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_100" title="[100]"></span></span>
at her own courage. &quot;It&#039;s no business
of <em>mine</em>.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Queen turned crimson with fury, and,
after glaring at her for a moment like a
wild beast, screamed &quot;Off with her head!
Off——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Nonsense!&quot; said Alice, very loudly and
decidedly, and the Queen was silent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The King laid his hand upon her arm, and
timidly said &quot;Consider my dear: she is only
a child!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Queen turned angrily away from him,
and said to the Knave &quot;Turn them over!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Knave did so, very carefully, with one
foot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Get up!&quot; said the Queen, in a shrill,
loud voice, and the three gardeners instantly
jumped up, and began bowing to the King, the
Queen, the royal children, and everybody else.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Leave off that!&quot; screamed the Queen.
&quot;You make me giddy.&quot; And then, turning
to the rose-tree, she went on, &quot;What <em>have</em>
you been doing here?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;May it please your Majesty,&quot; said Two,
in a very humble tone, going down on one
knee as he spoke, &quot;we were trying——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="The Queen turned angrily away from him"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>The Queen turned angrily away from him and said
to the Knave, &quot;Turn them over&quot;</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" alt="The Queen turned angrily away from him and said to the Knave, &quot;Turn them over&quot;" id="img_images_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="73304" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cbc3765ed753852b564b11f962e6cc2c3b1ce166" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="278d72bf965863862da78bdb54af97d6584c124e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00110" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[101]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_101" title="[101]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>I</em> see!&quot; said the Queen, who had meanwhile
been examining the roses. &quot;Off with
their heads!&quot; and the procession moved on,
three of the soldiers remaining behind to
execute the unfortunate gardeners, who ran
to Alice for protection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You shan&#039;t be beheaded!&quot; said Alice, and
she put them into a large flower-pot that
stood near. The three soldiers wandered
about for a minute or two, looking for them,
and then quietly marched off after the others.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Are their heads off?&quot; shouted the
Queen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Their heads are gone, if it please your
Majesty!&quot; the soldiers shouted in reply.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That&#039;s right!&quot; shouted the Queen. &quot;Can
you play croquet?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The soldiers were silent, and looked at
Alice, as the question was evidently meant
for her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes!&quot; shouted Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Come on, then!&quot; roared the Queen, and
Alice joined the procession, wondering very
much what would happen next.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It&#039;s—it&#039;s a very fine day!&quot; said a timid
voice at her side. She was walking by the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00111" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[102]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_102" title="[102]"></span></span>
White Rabbit, who was peeping anxiously
into her face.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Very,&quot; said Alice: &quot;——where&#039;s the
Duchess?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Hush! Hush!&quot; said the Rabbit in a low
hurried tone. He looked anxiously over his
shoulder as he spoke, and then raised himself
upon tiptoe, put his mouth close to her ear,
and whispered &quot;She&#039;s under sentence of
execution.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What for?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Did you say &#039;What a pity!&#039;?&quot; the Rabbit
asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;No, I didn&#039;t,&quot; said Alice: &quot;I don&#039;t think
it&#039;s at all a pity. I said &#039;What for?&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;She boxed the Queen&#039;s ears—&quot; the Rabbit
began. Alice gave a little scream of laughter.
&quot;Oh, hush!&quot; the Rabbit whispered in a
frightened tone. &quot;The Queen will hear you!
You see she came rather late, and the Queen
said——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figright">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" alt="Playing croquet" id="img_images_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="16424" data-pandoc-media-sha1="8d93c0684fe9376c3d9d0724e8caba02af0806ce" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="471647299e00486045c0d67001ea09d216e73894" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Get to your places!&quot; shouted the Queen
in a voice of thunder, and people began
running about in all directions, tumbling up
against each other; however, they got settled
down in a minute or two, and the game<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00112" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[103]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_103" title="[103]"></span></span>
began. Alice thought she had never seen
such a curious croquet-ground in all her life;
it was all ridges and furrows; the balls were
live hedgehogs, the mallets
live flamingoes, and the
soldiers had to double
themselves up and to stand
upon their hands and feet,
to make the arches.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chief difficulty Alice
found at first was in
managing her flamingo;
she succeeded
in getting its body
tucked away, comfortably
enough,
under her arm, with
its legs hanging down, but
generally, just <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: this word not present in original text">as</u> she had got
its neck nicely straightened out, and
was going to give the hedgehog a
blow with its head, it <em>would</em> twist
itself round and look up in her face, with
such a puzzled expression that she could
not help bursting out laughing: and when
she had got its head down, and was going to<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00113" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[104]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_104" title="[104]"></span></span>
begin again, it was very provoking to find that
the hedgehog had unrolled itself and was in the
act of crawling away: besides all this, there
was generally a ridge or a furrow in the way
wherever she wanted to send the <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: original reads &#039;hedge-hog&#039;">hedgehog</u> to,
and, as the doubled-up soldiers were always
getting up and walking off to other parts of
the ground, Alice soon came to the conclusion
that it was a very difficult game indeed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The players all played at once without
waiting for turns, quarrelling all the while,
and fighting for the hedgehogs; and in a
very short time the Queen was in a furious
passion, and went stamping about, and shouting
&quot;Off with his head!&quot; or &quot;Off with her
head!&quot; about once in a minute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice began to feel very uneasy: to be
sure she had not as yet had any dispute with
the Queen, but she knew that it might happen
any minute, &quot;and then,&quot; thought she, &quot;what
would become of me? They&#039;re dreadfully
fond of beheading people here: the great
wonder is that there&#039;s any one left alive!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She was looking about for some way of
escape, and wondering whether she could get
away without being seen, when she noticed<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00114" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[105]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_105" title="[105]"></span></span>
a curious appearance in the air: it puzzled
her very much at first, but, after watching it
a minute or two, she made it out to be a grin,
and she said to herself &quot;It&#039;s the Cheshire
Cat: now I shall have somebody to talk to.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;How are you getting on?&quot; said the Cat,
as soon as there was mouth enough for it
to speak with.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice waited till the eyes appeared, and
then nodded. &quot;It&#039;s no use speaking to it,&quot;
she thought, &quot;till its ears have come, or at
least one of them.&quot; In another minute the
whole head appeared, and then Alice put
down her flamingo, and began an account of
the game, feeling very glad she had some one
to listen to her. The Cat seemed to think
that there was enough of it now in sight, and
no more of it appeared.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t think they play at all fairly,&quot; Alice
began, in rather a complaining tone, &quot;and
they all quarrel so dreadfully one can&#039;t hear
oneself speak—and they don&#039;t seem to have
any rules in particular; at least, if there are,
nobody attends to them—and you&#039;ve no idea
how confusing it is all the things being alive;
for instance, there&#039;s the arch I&#039;ve got to go<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00115" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[106]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_106" title="[106]"></span></span>
through next walking about at the other end
of the ground—and I should have croqueted
the Queen&#039;s hedgehog just now, only it ran
away when it saw mine coming!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figcenter">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" alt="The cat" id="img_images_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="8027" data-pandoc-media-sha1="d0f82407afc343f0678d3e19ddcc31ec53d8f5d5" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="6fa42225b61169157b4197060a61523cf175d598" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;How do you like the Queen?&quot; said the
Cat in a low voice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Not at all,&quot; said Alice: &quot;she&#039;s so extremely——&quot;
Just then she noticed that the
Queen was close behind her listening: so she
went on, &quot;——likely to win, that it&#039;s hardly
worth while finishing the game.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Queen smiled and passed on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Who <em>are</em> you talking to?&quot; said the King,
coming up to Alice, and looking at the Cat&#039;s
head with great curiosity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It&#039;s a friend of mine—a Cheshire Cat,&quot;
said Alice: &quot;allow me to introduce it.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00116" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[107]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_107" title="[107]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t like the look of it at all,&quot; said the
King: &quot;however, it may kiss my hand if it
likes.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;d rather not,&quot; the Cat remarked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Don&#039;t be impertinent,&quot; said the King,
&quot;and don&#039;t look at me like that!&quot; He got
behind Alice as he spoke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;A cat may look at a king,&quot; said Alice.
&quot;I&#039;ve read that in some book, but I don&#039;t
remember where.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, it must be removed,&quot; said the King
very decidedly, and he called to the Queen,
who was passing at the moment, &quot;My
dear! I wish you would have this cat
removed!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Queen had only one way of settling
all difficulties, great or small. &quot;Off with his
head!&quot; she said, without even looking
round.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;ll fetch the executioner myself,&quot; said the
King eagerly, and he hurried off.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice thought she might as well go back
and see how the game was going on, as she
heard the Queen&#039;s voice in the distance,
screaming with passion. She had already
heard her sentence three of the players to<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00117" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[108]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_108" title="[108]"></span></span>
be executed for having missed their turns,
and she did not like the look of things at all,
as the game was in such confusion that she
never knew whether it was her turn or not.
So she went in search of her hedgehog.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The hedgehog was engaged in a fight with
another hedgehog, which seemed to Alice
an excellent opportunity for croqueting one
of them with the other: the only difficulty
was, that her flamingo was gone across to
the other side of the garden, where Alice
could see it trying in a helpless sort of way
to fly up into one of the trees.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By the time she had caught the flamingo
and brought it back, the fight was over, and
both the hedgehogs were out of sight: &quot;but
it doesn&#039;t matter much,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;as
all the arches are gone from this side of the
ground.&quot; So she tucked it under her arm,
that it might not escape again, and went
back for a little more conversation with her
friend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When she got back to the Cheshire Cat,
she was surprised to find quite a large
crowd collected round it: there was a dispute
going on between the executioner, the King,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00118" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[109]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_109" title="[109]"></span></span>
and the Queen, who were all talking at once,
while all the rest were quite silent, and
looked very uncomfortable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The moment Alice appeared, she was
appealed to by all three to
settle the question, and they
repeated their arguments to
her, though, as they
all spoke at once, she
found it very hard indeed
to make out exactly
what they said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figright">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" alt="The Executioner" id="img_images_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="9545" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5d251c2c6b7ca2da92ace52eb11f8238ddee9f4b" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="314b987942322983bbd4f401894fb8cd162274f9" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The executioner&#039;s argument
was, that you couldn&#039;t
cut off a head unless there
was a body to cut it off
from: that he had never had to do such a
thing before, and he wasn&#039;t going to begin at
<em>his</em> time of life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The King&#039;s argument was, that anything
that had a head could be beheaded, and
that you weren&#039;t to talk nonsense.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Queen&#039;s argument was, that if something
wasn&#039;t done about it in less than no
time, she&#039;d have everybody executed all
round. (It was this last remark that had<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00119" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[110]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_110" title="[110]"></span></span>
made the whole party look so grave and
anxious.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice could think of nothing else to say but
&quot;It belongs to the Duchess: you&#039;d better ask
<em>her</em> about it.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;She&#039;s in prison,&quot; the Queen said to the
executioner; &quot;fetch her here.&quot; And the
executioner went off like an arrow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Cat&#039;s head began fading away the moment
he was gone, and by the time he had
come back with the Duchess, it had entirely
disappeared; so the King and the executioner
ran wildly up and down looking for it, while
the rest of the party went back to the game.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00120" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[111]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_111" title="[111]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER IX</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Mock
Turtle&#039;s
Story</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_y-quote.png" alt="&quot;Y" id="img_images_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2250" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cc1f985fd562a053d5c17fbdb1c23d1e246374ed" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="aa134bd1e1e134db1ba993b34a017dcdbb7a4563" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OU can&#039;t think how glad I am to
see you again, you dear old thing!&quot;
said the Duchess, as she tucked
her arm affectionately into Alice&#039;s,
and they walked off together.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice was very glad to find her in such a
pleasant temper, and thought to herself that
perhaps it was only the pepper that had made
her so savage when they met in the kitchen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;When <em>I&#039;m</em> a Duchess,&quot; she said to herself
(not in a very hopeful tone though), &quot;I won&#039;t
have any pepper in my kitchen <em>at all</em>. Soup
does very well without—Maybe it&#039;s always
pepper that makes people hot-tempered,&quot; she
went on, very much pleased at having found
out a new kind of rule, &quot;and vinegar that
makes them sour—and camomile that makes
them bitter—and—barley-sugar and such
things that make children sweet-tempered. I<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00121" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[112]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_112" title="[112]"></span></span>
only wish people knew <em>that:</em> then they
wouldn&#039;t be so stingy about it, you know——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She had quite forgotten the Duchess by
this time, and was a little startled when she
heard her voice close to her ear. &quot;You&#039;re
thinking about something, my dear, and that
makes you forget to talk. I can&#039;t tell you
just now what the moral of that is, but I shall
remember it in a bit.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Perhaps it hasn&#039;t one,&quot; Alice ventured to
remark.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Tut, tut, child!&quot; said the Duchess.
&quot;Every thing&#039;s got a moral, if only you can
find it.&quot; And she squeezed herself up closer
to Alice&#039;s side as she spoke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice did not much like her keeping so
close to her: first, because the Duchess was
<em>very</em> ugly; and secondly, because she was
exactly the right height to rest her chin on
Alice&#039;s shoulder, and it was an uncomfortably
sharp chin. However, she did not like to be
rude, so she bore it as well as she could.
&quot;The game&#039;s going on rather better now,&quot; she
said, by way of keeping up the conversation
a little.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;&#039;Tis so,&quot; said the Duchess: &quot;and the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00122" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[113]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_113" title="[113]"></span></span>
moral of that is—&#039;Oh, &#039;tis love, &#039;tis love, that
makes the world go round!&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Somebody said,&quot; Alice whispered, &quot;that
it&#039;s done by everybody minding their own
business!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Ah, well! It means much the same
thing,&quot; said the Duchess, digging her sharp
little chin into Alice&#039;s shoulder as she added,
&quot;and the moral of <em>that</em> is—&#039;Take care of the
sense, and the sounds will take care of themselves.&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;How fond she is of finding morals in
things!&quot; Alice thought to herself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I dare say you&#039;re wondering why I don&#039;t
put my arm round your waist,&quot; the Duchess
said after a pause: &quot;the reason is, that I&#039;m
doubtful about the temper of your flamingo.
Shall I try the experiment?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;He might bite,&quot; Alice cautiously replied,
not feeling at all anxious to have the experiment
tried.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Very true,&quot; said the Duchess: &quot;flamingoes
and mustard both bite. And the moral
of that is—&#039;Birds of a feather flock together.&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Only mustard isn&#039;t a bird,&quot; Alice remarked.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00123" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[114]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_114" title="[114]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Right, as usual,&quot; said the Duchess:
&quot;what a clear way you have of putting
things!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It&#039;s a mineral, I <em>think</em>,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Of course it is,&quot; said the Duchess, who
seemed ready to agree to everything that
Alice said: &quot;there&#039;s a large mustard-mine
near here. And the moral of that is—&#039;The
more there is of mine, the less there is of
yours.&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, I know!&quot; exclaimed Alice, who had
not attended to this last remark. &quot;It&#039;s a
vegetable. It doesn&#039;t look like one, but it is.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I quite agree with you,&quot; said the Duchess;
&quot;and the moral of that is—&#039;Be what you
would seem to be&#039;—or if you&#039;d like it put
more simply—&#039;Never imagine yourself not
to be otherwise than what it might appear to
others that what you were or might have
been was not otherwise than what you had
been would have appeared to them to be
otherwise.&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I think I should understand that better,&quot;
Alice said very politely, &quot;if I had it written
down: but I can&#039;t quite follow it as you
say it.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00124" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[115]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_115" title="[115]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That&#039;s nothing to what I could say
if I chose,&quot; the Duchess replied, in a pleased
tone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Pray don&#039;t trouble yourself to say it any
longer than that,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, don&#039;t talk about trouble!&quot; said the
Duchess. &quot;I make you a present of everything
I&#039;ve said as yet.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;A cheap sort of present!&quot; thought Alice.
&quot;I&#039;m glad they don&#039;t give birthday presents
like that!&quot; But she did not venture to say
it out loud.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Thinking again?&quot; the Duchess asked
with another dig of her sharp little chin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;ve a right to think,&quot; said Alice sharply,
for she was beginning to feel a little worried.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Just about as much right,&quot; said the
Duchess, &quot;as pigs have to fly; and the
m——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But here, to Alice&#039;s great surprise, the
Duchess&#039;s voice died away, even in the middle
of her favourite word &quot;moral,&quot; and the arm
that was linked into hers began to tremble.
Alice looked up, and there stood the Queen
in front of them, with her arms folded, frowning
like a thunderstorm.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00125" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[116]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_116" title="[116]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;A fine day, your Majesty!&quot; the Duchess
began in a low, weak voice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Now, I give you fair warning,&quot; shouted the
Queen, stamping on the ground as she spoke;
&quot;either you or your head must be off, and that
in about half no time! Take your choice!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Duchess took her choice, and was
gone in a moment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Let&#039;s go on with the game,&quot; the Queen
said to Alice; and Alice was too much
frightened to say a word, but slowly followed
her back to the croquet-ground.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The other guests had taken advantage of
the Queen&#039;s absence, and were resting in the
shade: however, the moment they saw her,
they hurried back to the game, the Queen
merely remarking that a moment&#039;s delay
would cost them their lives.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="The Queen never left off quarrelling"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>The Queen never left off quarrelling with the other
players, and shouting &quot;Off with his head!&quot;
or, &quot;Off with her head!&quot;</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" alt="The Queen never left off quarrelling with the other players, and shouting &quot;Off with his head!&quot; or, &quot;Off with her head!&quot;" id="img_images_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="62244" data-pandoc-media-sha1="b01166fc54a9cacb7703a2586d0dc6920f300556" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="1fb2acc88dbc94fefc69d7abcec666ea79551e5c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All the time they were playing the Queen
never left off quarrelling with the other
players, and shouting &quot;Off with his head!&quot;
or &quot;Off with her head!&quot; Those whom she
sentenced were taken into custody by the
soldiers, who of course had to leave off being
arches to do this, so that by the end of half
an hour or so there were no arches left, and<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00126" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[117]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_117" title="[117]"></span></span>
all the players, except the King, the Queen,
and Alice, were in custody and under sentence
of execution.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then the Queen left off, quite out of breath,
and said to Alice, &quot;Have you seen the Mock
Turtle yet?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;No,&quot; said Alice. &quot;I don&#039;t even know
what a Mock Turtle is.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It&#039;s the thing Mock Turtle Soup is made
from,&quot; said the Queen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I never saw one, or heard of one,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Come on then,&quot; said the Queen, &quot;and he
shall tell you his history.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As they walked off together, Alice heard
the King say in a low voice, to the company
generally, &quot;You are all pardoned.&quot; &quot;Come,
<em>that&#039;s</em> a good thing!&quot; she said to herself, for
she had felt quite unhappy at the number of
executions the Queen had ordered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They very soon came upon a Gryphon,
lying fast asleep in the sun. (If you don&#039;t
know what a Gryphon is, look at the picture.)
&quot;Up, lazy thing!&quot; said the Queen, &quot;and
take this young lady to see the Mock Turtle,
and to hear his history. I must go back and
see after some executions I have ordered,&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00127" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[118]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_118" title="[118]"></span></span>
and she walked off, leaving Alice alone with
the Gryphon. Alice did not quite like the
look of the creature, but on the whole she
thought it would be quite as safe to stay with
it as to go after that savage Queen: so she
waited.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Gryphon sat up and rubbed its eyes:
then it watched the Queen till she was out of
sight: then it chuckled. &quot;What fun!&quot; said
the Gryphon, half to itself, half to Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What <em>is</em> the fun?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why, <em>she</em>,&quot; said the Gryphon. &quot;It&#039;s
all her fancy, that: they never executes
nobody, you know. Come on!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Everybody says &#039;come on!&#039; here,&quot;
thought Alice, as she went slowly after it:
&quot;I never was so ordered about in my life,
never!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" alt="Gryphon" id="img_images_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="31052" data-pandoc-media-sha1="deebbb3145809cec97ee60cde1dd9eeaae08d7d7" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="26b6566f37cd274691b1a17ad97091abcacd0d77" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They had not gone far before they saw the
Mock Turtle in the distance, sitting sad and
lonely on a little ledge of rock, and, as they
came nearer, Alice could hear him sighing
as if his heart would break. She pitied him
deeply. &quot;What is his sorrow?&quot; she asked
the Gryphon, and the Gryphon answered,
very nearly in the same words as before,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00128" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[121]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_121" title="[121]"></span></span><span class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[119]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_119" title="[119]"></span></span>
&quot;It&#039;s all his fancy, that: he hasn&#039;t got no
sorrow, you know. Come on!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So they went up to the Mock Turtle,
who looked at them with large eyes full of
tears, but said nothing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;This here young lady,&quot; said the Gryphon,
&quot;she wants to know your history, she do.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;ll tell it her,&quot; said the Mock Turtle in a
deep, hollow tone; &quot;sit down, both of you,
and don&#039;t speak a word till I&#039;ve finished.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So they sat down, and nobody spoke for
some minutes. Alice thought to herself, &quot;I
don&#039;t see how he can <em>ever</em> finish, if he
doesn&#039;t begin.&quot; But she waited patiently.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Once,&quot; said the Mock Turtle at last, with
a deep sigh, &quot;I was a real Turtle.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These words were followed by a very long
silence, broken only by an occasional exclamation
of &quot;Hjckrrh!&quot; from the Gryphon, and the
constant heavy sobbing of the Mock Turtle.
Alice was very nearly getting up and saying
&quot;Thank you, sir, for your interesting story,&quot; but
she could not help thinking there <em>must</em> be more
to come, so she sat still and said nothing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;When we were little,&quot; the Mock Turtle
went on at last, more calmly, though still<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00129" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[122]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_122" title="[122]"></span></span>
sobbing a little now and then, &quot;we went to
school in the sea. The master was an old
Turtle—we used to call him Tortoise——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why did you call him Tortoise, if he
wasn&#039;t one?&quot; Alice asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;We called him Tortoise because he
taught us,&quot; said the Mock Turtle angrily:
&quot;really you are very dull!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You ought to be ashamed of yourself for
asking such a simple question,&quot; added the
Gryphon; and then they both sat silent and
looked at poor Alice, who felt ready to sink
into the earth. At last the Gryphon said to
the Mock Turtle, &quot;Drive on, old fellow.
Don&#039;t be all day about it!&quot; and he went on
in these words:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes, we went to school in the sea, though
you mayn&#039;t believe it——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I never said I didn&#039;t!&quot; interrupted
Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You did,&quot; said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Hold your tongue!&quot; added the Gryphon,
before Alice could speak again. The Mock
Turtle went on:—</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;We had the best of educations—in fact,
we went to school every day——&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00130" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[123]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_123" title="[123]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>I&#039;ve</em> been to a day-school, too,&quot; said Alice;
&quot;you needn&#039;t be so proud as all that.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;With extras?&quot; asked the Mock Turtle a
little anxiously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes,&quot; said Alice, &quot;we learned French and
music.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And washing?&quot; said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Certainly not!&quot; said Alice indignantly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Ah! then yours wasn&#039;t a really good
school,&quot; said the Mock Turtle in a tone of
relief. &quot;Now at <em>ours</em> they had at the end of
the bill, &#039;French, music, <em>and washing</em>—extra.&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You couldn&#039;t have wanted it much,&quot; said
Alice; &quot;living at the bottom of the sea.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I couldn&#039;t afford to learn it,&quot; said the
Mock Turtle with a sigh. &quot;I only took the
regular course.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What was that?&quot; inquired Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Reeling and Writhing, of course, to begin
with,&quot; the Mock Turtle replied; &quot;and then the
different branches of Arithmetic—Ambition,
Distraction, Uglification, and Derision.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I never heard of &#039;Uglification,&#039;&quot; Alice
ventured to say. &quot;What is it?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Gryphon lifted up both its paws in<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00131" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[124]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_124" title="[124]"></span></span>
surprise. &quot;Never heard of uglifying!&quot; it
exclaimed. &quot;You know what to beautify is,
I suppose?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes,&quot; said Alice doubtfully: &quot;it means—to—make—anything—prettier.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, then,&quot; the Gryphon went on, &quot;if
you don&#039;t know what to uglify is, you are a
simpleton.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice did not feel encouraged to ask any
more questions about it, so she turned to the
Mock Turtle and said, &quot;What else had you
to learn?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, there was Mystery,&quot; the Mock
Turtle replied, counting off the subjects on
his flappers, &quot;—Mystery, ancient and modern,
with Seaography: then Drawling—the Drawling-master
was an old conger-eel, that used
to come once a week: <em>he</em> taught us Drawling,
Stretching, and Fainting in Coils.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What was <em>that</em> like?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, I can&#039;t show it you myself,&quot; the
Mock Turtle said: &quot;I&#039;m too stiff. And the
Gryphon never learnt it.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Hadn&#039;t time,&quot; said the Gryphon: &quot;I went
to the Classical master, though. He was an
old crab, <em>he</em> was.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00132" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[125]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_125" title="[125]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I never went to him,&quot; the Mock Turtle
said with a sigh: &quot;he taught Laughing and
Grief, they used to say.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;So he did, so he did,&quot; said the Gryphon,
sighing in his turn; and both creatures hid
their faces in their paws.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And how many hours a day did you do
lessons?&quot; said Alice, in a hurry to change
the subject.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Ten hours the first day,&quot; said the Mock
Turtle: &quot;nine the next, and so on.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What a curious plan!&quot; exclaimed Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That&#039;s the reason they&#039;re called lessons,&quot;
the Gryphon remarked: &quot;because they lessen
from day to day.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This was quite a new idea to Alice, and she
thought over it a little before she made her
next remark. &quot;Then the eleventh day must
have been a holiday.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Of course it was,&quot; said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And how did you manage on the twelfth?&quot;
Alice went on eagerly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That&#039;s enough about lessons,&quot; the Gryphon
interrupted in a very decided tone: &quot;tell her
something about the games now.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00133" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[126]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_126" title="[126]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER X</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Lobster
Quadrille</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_t.png" alt="T" id="img_images_t.png_3" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2268" data-pandoc-media-sha1="95bf79f536e8e087ef0b4ddd0dae0f53bdaf81e2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="764f119afa968c8f7404721ee9fa70a98da9f2fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HE Mock Turtle sighed deeply,
and drew the back of one flapper
across his eyes. He looked at
Alice, and tried to speak, but, for a
minute or two, sobs choked his voice. &quot;Same
as if he had a bone in his throat,&quot; said the
Gryphon: and it set to work shaking him and
punching him in the back. At last the Mock
Turtle recovered his voice, and, with tears
running down his cheeks, went on again:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You may not have lived much under the
sea—&quot; (&quot;I haven&#039;t,&quot; said Alice) &quot;and perhaps
you were never even introduced to a lobster—&quot;
(Alice began to say &quot;I once tasted——&quot; but
checked herself hastily, and said &quot;No, <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: end parenthesis added">never,)</u>
&quot;—so you can have no idea what a delightful
thing a Lobster Quadrille is!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;No, indeed,&quot; said Alice. &quot;What sort of
a dance is it?&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00134" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[127]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_127" title="[127]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why,&quot; said the Gryphon, &quot;you first form
into a line along the sea-shore——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Two lines!&quot; cried the Mock Turtle.
&quot;Seals, turtles, and so on; then, when you&#039;ve
cleared the jelly-fish out of the way——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>That</em> generally takes some time,&quot; interrupted
the Gryphon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;—you advance twice——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Each with a lobster as a partner!&quot; cried
the Gryphon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Of course,&quot; the Mock Turtle said: &quot;advance
twice, set to partners——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;—change lobsters, and retire in same
order,&quot; continued the Gryphon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Then, you know,&quot; the Mock Turtle went
on, &quot;you throw the——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;The lobsters!&quot; shouted the Gryphon,
with a bound into the air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;—as far out to sea as you can——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Swim, after them!&quot; screamed the
Gryphon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Turn a somersault in the sea!&quot; cried the
Mock Turtle, capering wildly about.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Change lobsters again!&quot; yelled the
Gryphon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Back to land again, and—that&#039;s all the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00135" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[128]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_128" title="[128]"></span></span>
first figure,&quot; said the Mock Turtle, suddenly
dropping his voice; and the two creatures,
who had been jumping about like mad things
all this time, sat down again very sadly and
quietly, and looked at Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It must be a very pretty dance,&quot; said
Alice, timidly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Would you like to see a little of it?&quot;
said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Very much indeed,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Come, let&#039;s try the first figure!&quot; said the
Mock Turtle to the Gryphon. &quot;We can do
it without lobsters, you know. Which shall
sing?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, <em>you</em> sing,&quot; said the Gryphon. &quot;I&#039;ve
forgotten the words.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So they began solemnly dancing round
and round Alice, every now and then treading
on her toes when they passed too close, and
waving their forepaws to mark the time, while
the Mock Turtle sang this, very slowly and
sadly:—</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem2">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Will you walk a little faster?&quot; said a whiting to a snail,<br/><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00136" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[129]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_129" title="[129]"></span></span>&quot;There&#039;s a porpoise close behind us, and he&#039;s treading on my tail.<br/>See how eagerly the lobsters and the turtles all advance!<br/>They are waiting on the shingle—will you come and join the dance?<br/><span>Will you, won&#039;t you, will you, won&#039;t you, will you join the dance?</span><br/><span>Will you, won&#039;t you, will you, won&#039;t you, won&#039;t you join the dance?</span><br/><br/>&quot;You can really have no notion how delightful it will be,<br/>When they take us up and throw us, with the lobsters, out to sea!&quot;<br/>But the snail replied: &quot;Too far, too far!&quot; and gave a look askance—<br/>Said he thanked the whiting kindly, but he would not join the dance.<br/><span>Would not, could not, would not, could not, would not join the dance.</span><br/><span>Would not, could not, would not, could not, could not join the dance.</span><br/><br/>&quot;What matters it how far we go?&quot; his scaly friend replied;<br/>&quot;There is another shore, you know, upon the other side.<br/>The further off from England the nearer is to France—<br/><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00137" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[130]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_130" title="[130]"></span></span>Then turn not pale, beloved snail, but come and join the dance.<br/><span>Will you, won&#039;t you, will you, won&#039;t you, will you join the dance?</span><br/><span>Will you, won&#039;t you, will you, won&#039;t you, won&#039;t you join the dance?&quot;</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Thank you, it&#039;s a very interesting dance
to watch,&quot; said Alice, feeling very glad that
it was over at last: &quot;and I do so like that
curious song about the whiting!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, as to the whiting,&quot; said the Mock
Turtle, &quot;they—you&#039;ve seen them, of course?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes,&quot; said Alice, &quot;I&#039;ve often seen them
at dinn——&quot; she checked herself hastily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t know where Dinn may be,&quot; said
the Mock Turtle, &quot;but if you&#039;ve seen them so
often, of course you know what they&#039;re like.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I believe so,&quot; Alice replied thoughtfully.
&quot;They have their tails in their mouths—and
they&#039;re all over crumbs.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You&#039;re wrong about the crumbs,&quot; said the
Mock Turtle: &quot;crumbs would all wash off in
the sea. But they <em>have</em> their tails in their
mouths; and the reason is—&quot; here the Mock
Turtle yawned and shut his eyes. &quot;Tell her
about the reason and all that,&quot; he said to the
Gryphon.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00138" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[131]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_131" title="[131]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;The reason is,&quot; said the Gryphon, &quot;that
they <em>would</em> go with the lobsters to the dance.
So they got thrown out to sea. So they had
to fall a long way. So they got their tails
fast in their mouths. So they couldn&#039;t get
them out again. That&#039;s all.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Thank you,&quot; said Alice. &quot;It&#039;s very interesting.
I never knew so much about a
whiting before.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I can tell you more than that, if you like,&quot;
said the Gryphon. &quot;Do you know why it&#039;s
called a whiting?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I never thought about it,&quot; said Alice.
&quot;Why?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>It does the boots and shoes</em>,&quot; the Gryphon
replied very solemnly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice was thoroughly puzzled. &quot;Does the
boots and shoes!&quot; she repeated in a wondering
tone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why, what are <em>your</em> shoes done with?&quot;
said the Gryphon. &quot;I mean, what makes
them so shiny?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice looked down at them, and considered
a little before she gave her answer. &quot;They&#039;re
done with blacking, I believe.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Boots and shoes under the sea,&quot; the Gryphon<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00139" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[132]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_132" title="[132]"></span></span>
went on in a deep voice, &quot;are done with
whiting. Now you know.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And what are they made of?&quot; Alice asked
in a tone of great curiosity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Soles and eels, of course,&quot; the Gryphon
replied rather impatiently: &quot;any shrimp could
have told you that.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;If I&#039;d been the whiting,&quot; said Alice, whose
thoughts were still running on the song, &quot;I&#039;d
have said to the porpoise, &#039;Keep back, please:
we don&#039;t want <em>you</em> with us!&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;They were obliged to have him with them,&quot;
the Mock Turtle said: &quot;no wise fish would
go anywhere without a porpoise.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Wouldn&#039;t it really?&quot; said Alice in a tone
of great surprise.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Of course not,&quot; said the Mock Turtle:
&quot;why, if a fish came to <em>me</em>, and told me he
was going a journey, I should say, &#039;With
what porpoise?&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Don&#039;t you mean &#039;purpose&#039;?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I mean what I say,&quot; the Mock Turtle
replied in an offended tone. And the Gryphon
added, &quot;Come, let&#039;s hear some of <em>your</em> adventures.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="The Mock Turtle drew a long breath"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>The Mock Turtle drew a long breath and said,
&quot;That&#039;s very curious&quot;</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" alt="The Mock Turtle drew a long breath and said, &quot;That&#039;s very curious&quot;" id="img_images_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="68013" data-pandoc-media-sha1="b1e9f143ce0df3768d5c064a16db46c2e777a3ed" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="35e6471d1b34aaa29f4e4b42beabce61ecfa92ba" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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</div>
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<p>&quot;I could tell you my adventures—beginning<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00140" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[133]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_133" title="[133]"></span></span>
from this morning,&quot; said Alice a little timidly:
&quot;but it&#039;s no use going back to yesterday, because
I was a different person then.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Explain all that,&quot; said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;No, no! The adventures first,&quot; said the
Gryphon in an impatient tone: &quot;explanations
take such a dreadful time.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So Alice began telling them her adventures
from the time when she first saw the White
Rabbit. She was a little nervous about it
just at first, the two creatures got so close to
her, one on each side, and opened their eyes
and mouths so <em>very</em> wide, but she gained
courage as she went on. Her listeners were
perfectly quiet till she got to the part about
her repeating &quot;<em>You are old, Father William</em>,&quot;
to the Caterpillar, and the words all coming
different, and then the Mock Turtle drew
a long breath, and said, &quot;That&#039;s very
curious.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It&#039;s all about as curious as it can be,&quot; said
the Gryphon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It all came different!&quot; the Mock Turtle
repeated thoughtfully. &quot;I should like to
hear her repeat something now. Tell her to
begin.&quot; He looked at the Gryphon as if he<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00141" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[134]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_134" title="[134]"></span></span>
thought it had some kind of authority over
Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Stand up and repeat &#039;<em>&#039;Tis the voice of
the sluggard</em>,&#039;&quot; said the Gryphon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;How the creatures order one about, and
make one repeat lessons!&quot; thought Alice.
&quot;I might as well be at school at once.&quot;
However, she got up, and began to repeat it,
but her head was so full of the Lobster
Quadrille, that she hardly knew what she
was saying, and the words came very queer
indeed:—</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;&#039;Tis the voice of the Lobster; I heard him declare,<br/>&#039;You have baked me too brown, I must sugar my hair.&#039;<br/>As a duck with its eyelids, so he with his nose<br/>Trims his belt and his buttons, and turns out his toes.<br/>When the sands are all dry, he is gay as a lark,<br/>And will talk in contemptuous tones of the Shark:<br/>But, when the tide rises and sharks are around,<br/>His voice has a timid and tremulous sound.&quot;<br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That&#039;s different from what <em>I</em> used to say
when I was a child,&quot; said the Gryphon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, <em>I</em> never heard it before,&quot; said the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00142" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[135]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_135" title="[135]"></span></span>
Mock Turtle: &quot;but it sounds uncommon
nonsense.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice said nothing; she had sat down
with her face in her hands, wondering if
anything would <em>ever</em> happen in a natural way
again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I should like to have it explained,&quot; said
the Mock Turtle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;She ca&#039;n&#039;t explain it,&quot; hastily said the
Gryphon. &quot;Go on with the next verse.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But about his toes?&quot; the Mock Turtle
persisted. &quot;How <em>could</em> he turn them out
with his nose, you know?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It&#039;s the first position in dancing,&quot; Alice
said; but was dreadfully puzzled by the
whole thing, and longed to change the subject.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Go on with the next verse,&quot; the Gryphon
repeated: &quot;it begins &#039;<em>I passed by his garden</em>.&#039;&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice did not dare to disobey, though she
felt sure it would all come wrong, and she
went on in a trembling voice:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I passed by his garden, and marked, with one eye,<br/><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00143" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[136]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_136" title="[136]"></span></span>How the Owl and the Panther were sharing a pie:<br/>The Panther took pie-crust, and gravy, and meat,<br/>While the Owl had the dish as its share of the treat.<br/>When the pie was all finished, the Owl, as a boon,<br/>Was kindly permitted to pocket the spoon:<br/>While the Panther received knife and fork with a growl,<br/>And concluded the banquet by——&quot;<br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" alt="Mock turtle" id="img_images_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="7763" data-pandoc-media-sha1="d08e9b7ecf9ea18d50220d06f6d2b12fed117627" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="81eb8cb9b5e510fceb1713d2b6a165a9721faa20" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What <em>is</em> the use of
repeating all that stuff,&quot;
the Mock Turtle interrupted,
&quot;if you don&#039;t
explain it as you go
on? It&#039;s by far the most
confusing thing <em>I</em> ever
heard!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes, I think you&#039;d
better leave off,&quot; said
the Gryphon: and Alice
was only too glad to do
so.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Shall we try another figure of the Lobster
Quadrille?&quot; the Gryphon went on. &quot;Or
would you like the Mock Turtle to sing you
another song?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, a song, please, if the Mock Turtle<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00144" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[137]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_137" title="[137]"></span></span>
would be so kind,&quot; Alice replied, so eagerly
that the Gryphon said, in a rather offended
tone, &quot;H&#039;m! No accounting for tastes!
Sing her &#039;<em>Turtle Soup</em>,&#039; will you, old
fellow?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Mock Turtle sighed deeply, and began,
in a voice choked with sobs, to sing this:—</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Beautiful Soup, so rich and green,<br/>Waiting in a hot tureen!<br/>Who for such dainties would not stoop?<br/>Soup of the evening, beautiful Soup!<br/>Soup of the evening, beautiful Soup!<br/><span>Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br/><span>Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br/>Soo—oop of the e—e—evening,<br/><span>Beautiful, beautiful Soup!</span><br/><br/>&quot;Beautiful Soup! Who cares for fish,<br/>Game, or any other dish?<br/>Who would not give all else for two<br/>Pennyworth only of beautiful Soup?<br/>Pennyworth only of beautiful Soup?<br/><span>Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br/><span>Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br/>Soo—oop of the e—e—evening,<br/><span>Beautiful, beauti—FUL SOUP!&quot;</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Chorus again!&quot; cried the Gryphon, and<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00145" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[138]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_138" title="[138]"></span></span>
the Mock Turtle had just begun to repeat it,
when a cry of &quot;The trial&#039;s beginning!&quot; was
heard in the distance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Come on!&quot; cried the Gryphon, and,
taking Alice by the hand, it hurried off, without
waiting for the end of the song.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What trial is it?&quot; Alice panted as she
ran; but the Gryphon only answered &quot;Come
on!&quot; and ran the faster, while more and more
faintly came, carried on the breeze that followed
them, the melancholy words:—</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Soo—oop of the e—e—evening,<br/><span>Beautiful, beautiful Soup!&quot;</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00146" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[139]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_139" title="[139]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER XI</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Who Stole
the Tarts?</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_t.png" alt="T" id="img_images_t.png_4" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2268" data-pandoc-media-sha1="95bf79f536e8e087ef0b4ddd0dae0f53bdaf81e2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="764f119afa968c8f7404721ee9fa70a98da9f2fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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</div>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HE King and Queen of Hearts
were seated on their throne
when they arrived, with a great
crowd assembled about them—all
sorts of little birds and beasts, as well as
the whole pack of cards: the Knave was
standing before them, in chains, with a
soldier on each side to guard him; and near
the King was the White Rabbit, with a trumpet
in one hand, and a scroll of parchment in
the other. In the very middle of the court
was a table, with a large dish of tarts upon
it: they looked so good, that it made Alice
quite hungry to look at them—&quot;I wish they&#039;d
get the trial done,&quot; she thought, &quot;and hand
round the refreshments!&quot; But there seemed
to be no chance of this, so she began looking
about her, to pass away the time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice had never been in a court of justice<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00147" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[140]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_140" title="[140]"></span></span>
before, but she had read about them in books,
and she was quite pleased to find that she
knew the name of nearly everything there.
&quot;That&#039;s the judge,&quot; she said to herself,
&quot;because of his great wig.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The judge, by the way, was the King; and
as he wore his crown over the wig, he did not
look at all comfortable, and it was certainly
not becoming.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;And that&#039;s the jury-box,&quot; thought Alice,
&quot;and those twelve creatures,&quot; (she was
obliged to say &quot;creatures,&quot; you see, because
some of them were animals, and some were
birds,) &quot;I suppose they are the jurors.&quot; She
said this last word two or three times over
to herself, being rather proud of it: for she
thought, and rightly too, that very few little
girls of her age knew the meaning of it at all.
However, &quot;jurymen&quot; would have done just
as well.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The twelve jurors were all writing very
busily on slates. &quot;What are they all doing?&quot;
Alice whispered to the Gryphon. &quot;They
can&#039;t have anything to put down yet, before
the trial&#039;s begun.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="Who stole the tarts?"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>Who stole the tarts?</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" alt="Who stole the tarts?" id="img_images_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="77574" data-pandoc-media-sha1="55a4d6bc380804b30665a2694ca9ce7f3a1398ef" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="1d8eb65caeedac1f393e6a280afadc0837453e2b" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;They&#039;re putting down their names,&quot; the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00148" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[141]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_141" title="[141]"></span></span>
Gryphon whispered in reply, &quot;for fear they
should forget them before the end of the
trial.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Stupid things!&quot; Alice began in a loud,
indignant voice, but she stopped hastily, for
the White Rabbit cried out &quot;Silence in the
court!&quot; and the King put on his spectacles
and looked anxiously round, to see who was
talking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice could see, as well as if she were
looking over their shoulders, that all the
jurors were writing down &quot;stupid things!&quot;
on their slates, and she could even make out
that one of them didn&#039;t know how to spell
&quot;stupid,&quot; and that he had to ask his neighbour
to tell him. &quot;A nice muddle their
slates will be in before the trial&#039;s over!&quot;
thought Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One of the jurors had a pencil that
squeaked. This, of course, Alice could <em>not</em>
stand, and she went round the court and
got behind him, and very soon found an opportunity
of taking it away. She did it
so quickly that the poor little juror (it was
Bill, the Lizard) could not make out at all
what had become of it; so, after hunting all<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00149" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[142]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_142" title="[142]"></span></span>
about for it, he was obliged to write with one
finger for the rest of the day; and this was
of very little use, as it left no mark on the
slate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Herald, read the accusation!&quot; said the
King.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On this the White Rabbit blew three blasts
on the trumpet, and then unrolled the parchment
scroll, and read as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;The Queen of Hearts, she made some tarts,<br/><span>All on a summer day:</span><br/>The Knave of Hearts, he stole those tarts,<br/><span>And took them quite away!&quot;</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Consider your verdict,&quot; the King said to
the jury.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Not yet, not yet!&quot; the Rabbit hastily
interrupted. &quot;There&#039;s a great deal to come
before that!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Call the first witness,&quot; said the King;
and the Rabbit blew three blasts on the
trumpet, and called out &quot;First witness!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The first witness was the Hatter. He
came in with a teacup in one hand and a
piece of bread-and-butter in the other. &quot;I<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00150" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[143]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_143" title="[143]"></span></span>
beg pardon, your Majesty,&quot; he began, &quot;for
bringing these in; but I hadn&#039;t quite finished
my tea when I was sent for.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You ought to have finished,&quot; said the
King. &quot;When did you begin?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Hatter looked at the March Hare, who
had followed him into the court, arm-in-arm
with the Dormouse. &quot;Fourteenth of March,
I <em>think</em> it was,&quot; he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Fifteenth,&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Sixteenth,&quot; said the Dormouse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Write that down,&quot; the King said to the
jury, and the jury eagerly wrote down all
three dates on their slates, and then added
them up, and reduced the answer to shillings
and pence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Take off your hat,&quot; the King said to the
Hatter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It isn&#039;t mine,&quot; said the Hatter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>Stolen!</em>&quot; the King exclaimed, turning to
the jury, who instantly made a memorandum
of the fact.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I keep them to sell,&quot; the Hatter added as
an explanation: &quot;I&#039;ve none of my own. I&#039;m
a hatter.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here the Queen put on her spectacles, and<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00151" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[144]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_144" title="[144]"></span></span>
began staring hard at the Hatter, who turned
pale and fidgeted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Give your evidence,&quot; said the King;
&quot;and don&#039;t be nervous, or I&#039;ll have you
executed on the spot.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This did not seem to encourage the witness
at all: he kept shifting from one foot to
the other, looking uneasily at the Queen,
and in his confusion he bit a large piece
out of his teacup instead of the bread-and-butter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Just at this moment Alice felt a very
curious sensation, which puzzled her a good
deal until she made out what it was: she
was beginning to grow larger again, and she
thought at first she would get up and leave
the court; but on second thoughts she
decided to remain where she was as long as
there was room for her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I wish you wouldn&#039;t squeeze so,&quot; said the
Dormouse, who was sitting next to her. &quot;I
can hardly breathe.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I can&#039;t help it,&quot; said Alice very meekly:
&quot;I&#039;m growing.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You&#039;ve no right to grow <em>here</em>,&quot; said the
Dormouse.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00152" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[145]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_145" title="[145]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Don&#039;t talk nonsense,&quot; said Alice more
boldly: &quot;you know you&#039;re growing too.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Yes, but <em>I</em> grow at a reasonable pace,&quot;
said the Dormouse; &quot;not in that ridiculous
fashion.&quot; And he got up very sulkily and
crossed over to the other side of the court.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All this time the Queen had never left off
staring at the Hatter, and, just as the Dormouse
crossed the court, she said to one of
the officers of the court, &quot;Bring me the list
of the singers in the last concert!&quot; on which
the wretched Hatter trembled so, that he
shook off both his shoes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Give your evidence,&quot; the King repeated
angrily, &quot;or I&#039;ll have you executed, whether
you&#039;re nervous or not.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;m a poor man, your Majesty,&quot; the
Hatter began, in a trembling voice, &quot;—and I
hadn&#039;t begun my tea—not above a week or so—and
what with the bread-and-butter getting
so thin—and the twinkling of the tea——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;The twinkling of <em>what?</em>&quot; said the King.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It <em>began</em> with the tea,&quot; the Hatter replied.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Of course twinkling <em>begins</em> with a T!&quot;
said the King sharply. &quot;Do you take me
for a dunce? Go on!&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00153" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[146]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_146" title="[146]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;m a poor man,&quot; the Hatter went on,
&quot;and most things twinkled after that—only
the March Hare said——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I didn&#039;t!&quot; the March Hare interrupted in
a great hurry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You did!&quot; said the Hatter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I deny it!&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;He denies it,&quot; said the King: &quot;leave out
that part.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, at any rate, the Dormouse said——&quot;
the Hatter went on, looking anxiously round
to see if he would deny it too: but the Dormouse
denied nothing, being fast asleep.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;After that,&quot; continued the Hatter, &quot;I cut
some more bread-and-butter——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But what did the Dormouse say?&quot; one of
the jury asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That I can&#039;t remember,&quot; said the Hatter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You <em>must</em> remember,&quot; remarked the King,
&quot;or I&#039;ll have you executed.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The miserable Hatter dropped his teacup
and bread-and-butter, and went down on one
knee. &quot;I&#039;m a poor man, your Majesty,&quot; he
began.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You&#039;re a <em>very</em> poor <em>speaker</em>,&quot; said the
King.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00154" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[147]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_147" title="[147]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here one of the guinea-pigs cheered, and
was immediately suppressed by the officers
of the court. (As that is rather a hard word,
I will just explain to you how it was done.
They had a large canvas bag, which tied up
at the mouth with strings: into this they
slipped the guinea-pig, head first, and then
sat upon it.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;m glad I&#039;ve seen that done,&quot; thought
Alice. &quot;I&#039;ve so often read in the newspapers,
at the end of trials, &#039;There was some attempt
at applause, which was immediately suppressed
by the officers of the court,&#039; and I
never understood what it meant till now.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;If that&#039;s all you know about it, you may
stand down,&quot; continued the King.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I can&#039;t go no lower,&quot; said the Hatter:
&quot;I&#039;m on the floor, as it is.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Then you may <em>sit</em> down,&quot; the King
replied.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here the other guinea-pig cheered, and was
suppressed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Come, that finishes the guinea-pigs!&quot;
thought Alice. &quot;Now we shall get on
better.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I&#039;d rather finish my tea,&quot; said the Hatter,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00155" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[148]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_148" title="[148]"></span></span>
with an anxious look at the Queen, who was
reading the list of singers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You may go,&quot; said the King; and the
Hatter hurriedly left the court, without even
waiting to put his shoes on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;—and just take his head off outside,&quot; the
Queen added to one of the officers; but the
Hatter was out of sight before the officer
could get to the door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Call the next witness!&quot; said the King.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The next witness was the Duchess&#039;s cook.
She carried the pepper-box in her hand, and
Alice guessed who it was, even before she got
into the court, by the way the people near the
door began sneezing all at once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Give your evidence,&quot; said the King.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Sha&#039;n&#039;t,&quot; said the cook.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The King looked anxiously at the White
Rabbit, who said in a low voice, &quot;Your
Majesty must cross-examine <em>this</em> witness.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, if I must, I must,&quot; the King said
with a melancholy air, and, after folding his
arms and frowning at the cook till his eyes
were nearly out of sight, he said in a deep
voice, &quot;What are tarts made of?&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Pepper, mostly,&quot; said the cook.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00156" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[149]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_149" title="[149]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Treacle,&quot; said a sleepy voice behind her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figright">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" alt="Cook" id="img_images_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="10273" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f02f11ef64c512ea2d3f7968f70e78a2c9833eb6" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="9c7f969822997d9fd1a1f3a1eddd5ac12608fc70" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Collar that Dormouse,&quot; the Queen
shrieked out. &quot;Behead that Dormouse!
Turn that Dormouse out of court! Suppress
him! Pinch him! Off with his
whiskers.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For some minutes the whole
court was in confusion, getting
the Dormouse turned out, and,
by the time they had settled
down again, the cook had disappeared.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Never mind!&quot; said the
King, with an air of great relief.
&quot;Call the next witness.&quot; And
he added in an undertone to
the Queen, &quot;Really, my dear,
<em>you</em> must cross-examine the next witness. It
quite makes my forehead ache!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice watched the White Rabbit as he
fumbled over the list, feeling very curious to
see what the next witness would be like,
&quot;—for they haven&#039;t got much evidence <em>yet</em>,&quot;
she said to herself. Imagine her surprise,
when the White Rabbit read out, at the top
of his shrill little voice, the name &quot;Alice!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00157" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[150]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_150" title="[150]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHAPTER XII</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group sidenote">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Alice&#039;s
Evidence</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group figleft">
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/360840914614224901_h-quote.png" alt="&quot;H" id="img_images_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1756" data-pandoc-media-sha1="9a121710e992f751534ee68d87ab15e732af65db" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="10e1c836be8c909c725667a7ef1e0432a1dcaa33" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ERE!&quot; cried Alice, quite forgetting
in the flurry of the moment
how large she had grown in the
last few minutes, and she jumped
up in such a hurry that she tipped over the
jury-box with the edge of her skirt, upsetting
all the jurymen on to the heads of the crowd
below, and there they lay sprawling about,
reminding her very much of a globe of gold-fish
she had accidentally upset the week
before.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, I <em>beg</em> your pardon!&quot; she exclaimed in
a tone of great dismay, and began picking
them up again as quickly as she could, for
the accident of the gold-fish kept running in
her head, and she had a vague sort of idea
that they must be collected at once and put
back into the jury-box, or they would die.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;The trial cannot proceed,&quot; said the King<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00158" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[151]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_151" title="[151]"></span></span>
in a very grave voice, &quot;until all the jurymen
are back in their proper places—<em>all</em>,&quot; he repeated
with great emphasis, looking hard at
Alice as he said so.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alice looked at the jury-box, and saw that,
in her haste, she had put the Lizard in head
downwards, and the poor little thing was
waving its tail about in a melancholy way,
being quite unable to move. She soon got
it out again, and put it right; &quot;not that it
signifies much,&quot; she said to herself; &quot;I
should think it would be <em>quite</em> as much use
in the trial one way up as the other.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As soon as the jury had a little recovered
from the shock of being upset, and their
slates and pencils had been found and handed
back to them, they set to work very diligently
to write out a history of the accident, all
except the Lizard, who seemed too much overcome
to do anything but sit with its mouth
open, gazing up into the roof of the court.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;What do you know about this business?&quot;
the King said to Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Nothing,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Nothing <em>whatever?</em>&quot; persisted the King.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Nothing whatever,&quot; said Alice.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00159" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[152]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_152" title="[152]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That&#039;s very important,&quot; the King said,
turning to the jury. They were just beginning
to write this down on their slates, when
the White Rabbit interrupted: &quot;<em>Un</em>important,
your Majesty means, of course,&quot; he said
in a very respectful tone, but frowning and
making faces at him as he spoke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>Un</em>important, of course, I meant,&quot; the
King hastily said, and went on himself in an
undertone, &quot;important—unimportant—unimportant—important——&quot;
as if he were trying
which word sounded best.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some of the jury wrote it down &quot;important,&quot;
and some &quot;unimportant.&quot; Alice could
see this, as she was near enough to look over
their slates; &quot;but it doesn&#039;t matter a bit,&quot;
she thought to herself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At this moment the King, who had been
for some time busily writing in his note-book,
called out &quot;Silence!&quot; and read out from his
book, &quot;Rule Forty-two. <em>All persons more
than a mile high to leave the court.</em>&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Everybody looked at Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<em>I&#039;m</em> not a mile high,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;You are,&quot; said the King.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Nearly two miles high,&quot; added the Queen.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00160" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[153]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_153" title="[153]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Well, I sha&#039;n&#039;t go, at any rate,&quot; said Alice:
&quot;besides, that&#039;s not a regular rule: you invented
it just now.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It&#039;s the oldest rule in the book,&quot; said the
King.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Then it ought to be Number One,&quot; said
Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The King turned pale, and shut his note-book
hastily. &quot;Consider your verdict,&quot; he
said to the jury, in a low trembling voice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;There&#039;s more evidence to come yet, please
your Majesty,&quot; said the White Rabbit, jumping
up in a great hurry: &quot;this paper has just
been picked up.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;<u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: apostrophe added to text">What&#039;s</u> in it?&quot; said the Queen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I haven&#039;t opened it yet,&quot; said the White
Rabbit, &quot;but it seems to be a letter, written
by the prisoner to—to somebody.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It must have been that,&quot; said the King,
&quot;unless it was written to nobody, which isn&#039;t
usual, you know.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Who is it directed to?&quot; said one of the
jurymen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It isn&#039;t directed at all,&quot; said the White
Rabbit; &quot;in fact, there&#039;s nothing written on
the <em>outside</em>.&quot; He unfolded the paper as he<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00161" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[154]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_154" title="[154]"></span></span>
spoke, and added &quot;It isn&#039;t a letter after all:
it&#039;s a set of verses.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Are they in the prisoner&#039;s handwriting?&quot;
asked another of the jurymen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;No, they&#039;re not,&quot; said the White Rabbit,
&quot;and that&#039;s the queerest thing about it.&quot;
(The jury all looked puzzled.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;He must have imitated somebody else&#039;s
hand,&quot; said the King. (The jury all brightened
up again.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Please your Majesty,&quot; said the Knave, &quot;I
didn&#039;t write it, and they can&#039;t prove that I
did: there&#039;s no name signed at the end.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;If you didn&#039;t sign it,&quot; said the King, &quot;that
only makes the matter worse. You <em>must</em> have
meant some mischief, or else you&#039;d have signed
your name like an honest man.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There was a general clapping of hands at
this: it was the first really clever thing the
King had said that day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That <em>proves</em> his guilt, of course,&quot; said the
Queen: &quot;so, off with——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It doesn&#039;t prove anything of the sort!&quot;
said Alice. &quot;Why, you don&#039;t even know
what they&#039;re about!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Read them,&quot; said the King.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00162" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[155]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_155" title="[155]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The White Rabbit put on his spectacles.
&quot;Where shall I begin, please your Majesty?&quot;
he asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Begin at the beginning,&quot; the King said
gravely, &quot;and go on till you come to the end;
then stop.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There was dead silence in the court, whilst
the White Rabbit read out these verses:—</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group poem">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;They told me you had been to her,<br/><span>And mentioned me to him:</span><br/><span>She gave me a good character,</span><br/><span>But said I could not swim.</span><br/><br/><span>He sent them word I had not gone,</span><br/><span>(We know it to be true):</span><br/><span>If she should push the matter on,</span><br/><span>What would become of you?</span><br/><br/><span>I gave her one, they gave him two,</span><br/><span>You gave us three or more;</span><br/><span>They all returned from him to you,</span><br/><span>Though they were mine before.</span><br/><br/><span>If I or she should chance to be</span><br/><span>Involved in this affair,</span><br/><span>He trusts to you to set them free,</span><br/><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00163" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[156]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_156" title="[156]"></span></span><span>Exactly as we were.</span><br/><br/><span>My notion was that you had been</span><br/><span>(Before she had this fit)</span><br/><span>An obstacle that came between</span><br/><span>Him, and ourselves, and it.</span><br/><br/><span>Don&#039;t let him know she liked them best,</span><br/><span>For this must ever be</span><br/><span>A secret, kept from all the rest,</span><br/><span>Between yourself and me.&quot;</span><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;That&#039;s the most important piece of
evidence we&#039;ve heard yet,&quot; said the King,
rubbing his hands; &quot;so now let the jury——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;If any of them can explain it,&quot; said Alice,
(she had grown so large in the last few
minutes that she wasn&#039;t a bit afraid of interrupting
him,) &quot;I&#039;ll give him sixpence. <em>I</em>
don&#039;t believe there&#039;s an atom of meaning in
it.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The jury all wrote down on their slates,
&quot;<em>She</em> doesn&#039;t believe there&#039;s an atom of
meaning in it,&quot; but none of them attempted
to explain the paper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;If there&#039;s no meaning in it,&quot; said the King,
&quot;that saves a world of trouble, you know, as
we needn&#039;t try to find any. And yet I don&#039;t<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00164" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[157]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_157" title="[157]"></span></span>
know,&quot; he went on, spreading out the verses
on his knee, and looking at them with one
eye; &quot;I seem to see some meaning in them
after all. &#039;——<em>said I could not swim</em>—&#039; you
can&#039;t swim can you?&quot; he added, turning to
the Knave.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Knave shook his head sadly. &quot;Do
I look like it?&quot; he said. (Which he certainly
did <em>not</em>, being made entirely of cardboard.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;All right, so far,&quot; said the King, as he
went on muttering over the verses to himself:
&quot;&#039;<em>We know it to be true</em>—&#039; that&#039;s the jury,
of course—&#039;<em>If she should push the matter on</em>&#039;—that
must be the Queen—&#039;<em>What would
become of you?</em>&#039;—What, indeed!—&#039;<em>I gave
her one, they gave him two</em>—&#039; why, that must
be what he did with the tarts, you know——&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;But it goes on &#039;<em>they all returned from
him to you</em>,&#039;&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Why, there they are!&quot; said the King
triumphantly, pointing to the tarts on the
table. &quot;Nothing can be clearer than <em>that</em>.
Then again—&#039;<em>before she had this fit</em>—&#039; you
never had <em>fits</em>, my dear, I think?&quot; he said to
the Queen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Never!&quot; said the Queen furiously, throwing<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00165" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[158]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_158" title="[158]"></span></span>
an inkstand at the Lizard as she spoke.
(The unfortunate little Bill had left off writing
on his slate with one finger, as he found it
made no mark; but he now hastily began
again, using the ink, that was trickling down
his face, as long as it lasted.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group center">
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border-width:0px" summary="At this the whole pack rose up into the air"><colgroup><col style="width:50%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and
came flying down upon her</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" alt="At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and came flying down upon her" id="img_images_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="71060" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cfda9df7f86983f80ec36406cf1c041c00be3e40" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="5dac7bf7939768cbada43e49040765c8a230fece" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Then the words don&#039;t <em>fit</em> you,&quot; said the
King, looking round the court with a smile.
There was a dead silence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;It&#039;s a pun!&quot; the King added in an angry
tone, and everybody laughed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Let the jury consider their verdict,&quot; the
King said, for about the twentieth time that
day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;No, no!&quot; said the Queen. &quot;Sentence
first—verdict afterwards.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Stuff and nonsense!&quot; said Alice loudly.
&quot;The idea of having the sentence first!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Hold your tongue!&quot; said the Queen,
turning purple.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;I won&#039;t!&quot; said Alice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Off with her head!&quot; the Queen shouted
at the top of her voice. Nobody moved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Who cares for <em>you?</em>&quot; said Alice (she had
grown to her full size by this time). &quot;You&#039;re
nothing but a pack of cards!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00166" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[159]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_159" title="[159]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At this the whole pack rose up into the
air, and came flying down upon her: she
gave a little scream, half of fright and half of
anger, and tried to beat them off, and found
herself lying on the bank, with her head in
the lap of her sister, who was gently brushing
away some dead leaves that had fluttered
down from the trees upon her face.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Wake up, Alice dear!&quot; said her sister.
&quot;Why, what a long sleep you&#039;ve had!&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Oh, I&#039;ve had such a curious dream!&quot;
said Alice, and she told her sister, as well
as she could remember them, all these strange
Adventures of hers that you have just been
reading about; and when she had finished,
her sister kissed her, and said &quot;It <em>was</em> a
curious dream, dear, certainly: but now run
in to your tea; it&#039;s getting late.&quot; So Alice
got up and ran off, thinking while she ran,
as well she might, what a wonderful dream
it had been.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00167" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[160]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_160" title="[160]"></span></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group unindent">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><br/><br/><br/>BUT her sister sat still just as she had
left her, leaning her head, watching the
setting sun, and thinking of little Alice and
all her wonderful Adventures, till she too
began dreaming after a fashion, and this was
her dream:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>First, she dreamed of little Alice herself,
and once again the tiny hands were clasped
upon her knee, and the bright eager eyes
were looking up into hers—she could hear
the very tones of her voice, and see that
queer little toss of her head to keep back
the wandering hair that <em>would</em> always get
into her eyes—and still as she listened, or
seemed to listen, the whole place around her
became alive with the strange creatures of
her little sister&#039;s dream.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The long grass rustled at her feet as
the White Rabbit hurried by—the frightened
Mouse splashed his way through the neighbouring
pool—she could hear the rattle of the
teacups as the March Hare and his friends
shared their never-ending meal, and the
shrill voice of the Queen ordering off her
unfortunate guests to execution—once more
the pig-baby was sneezing on the Duchess&#039;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00168" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[161]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_161" title="[161]"></span></span>
knee, while plates and dishes crashed around
it—once more the shriek of the Gryphon, the
squeaking of the Lizard&#039;s slate-pencil, and
the choking of the suppressed guinea-pigs,
filled the air, mixed up with the distant sobs
of the miserable Mock Turtle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So she sat on with closed eyes, and half
believed herself in Wonderland, though she
knew she had but to open them again, and
all would change to dull reality—the grass
would be only rustling in the wind, and the
pool rippling to the waving of the reeds—the
rattling teacups would change to the tinkling
sheep-bells, and the Queen&#039;s shrill cries to
the voice of the shepherd boy—and the sneeze
of the baby, the shriek of the Gryphon, and
all the other queer noises, would change (she
knew) to the confused clamour of the busy
farm-yard—while the lowing of the cattle in
the distance would take the place of the Mock
Turtle&#039;s heavy sobs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lastly, she pictured to herself how this
same little sister of hers would, in the after-time,
be herself a grown woman; and how
she would keep, through all her riper years,
the simple and loving heart of her childhood:<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00169" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[162]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_162" title="[162]"></span></span>
and how she would gather about her other
little children, and make <em>their</em> eyes bright
and eager with many a strange tale, perhaps
even with the dream of Wonderland of long
ago: and how she would feel with all their
simple sorrows, and find a pleasure in all
their simple joys, remembering her own child-life,
and the happy summer days.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00170">THE END</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
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<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group copyright">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ILLUSTRATIONS REPRODUCED BY HENTSCHEL COLOURTYPE<br/>TEXT PRINTED BY BALLANTYNE &amp; COMPANY LTD<br/>AT THE BALLANTYNE PRESS<br/>TAVISTOCK STREET<br/>LONDON<br/></p>
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</div>
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<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
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<div class="wp-block-group tnote">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00171">Transcriber&#039;s Note:</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Corrections made are indicated by dotted lines under the corrections. Scroll the mouse over the word and the original text will <u title="Transcriber&#039;s Note: original reads &#039;apprear&#039;">appear</u>.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code></code></pre>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-13.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
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<p><span>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ALICE&#039;S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND ***</span></p>
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<h2 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pg-header-heading" title="">The Project Gutenberg eBook of <span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pg-title-no-subtitle" lang="en">Alice&#039;s Adventures in Wonderland</span></h2>
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<p><strong>Title</strong>: Alice&#039;s Adventures in Wonderland</p>
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<p><strong>Author</strong>: Lewis Carroll</p>
<p><strong>Contributor</strong>: Austin Dobson</p>
<p><strong>Illustrator</strong>: Arthur Rackham</p>
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<p><strong>Release date</strong>: May 19, 2009 [eBook #28885]<br />
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<span>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ALICE&#039;S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND ***</span>
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<h1 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00002">ALICE&#039;S ADVENTURES<br />
IN WONDERLAND</h1>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00003" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[iv]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_iv" title="[iv]"></span></span></p>
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<hr />
<div class="copyright">
<span class="smcap">Printed in England</span><br />

</div>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00006" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[vi]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_vi" title="[vi]"></span></span></p>
<div class="poem">
<em>&#039;Tis two score years since <span class="smcap">Carroll&#039;s</span> art,</em><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>With topsy-turvy magic,</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><em>Sent <span class="smcap">Alice</span> wondering through a part</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>Half-comic and half-tragic.</em></span><br />
<br />
<em>Enchanting <span class="smcap">Alice</span>! Black-and-white</em><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>Has made your deeds perennial;</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><em>And naught save &quot;Chaos and old Night&quot;</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>Can part you now from <span class="smcap">Tenniel</span>;</em></span><br />
<br />
<em>But still you are a Type, and based</em><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>In Truth, like <span class="smcap">Lear</span> and <span class="smcap">Hamlet</span>;</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><em>And Types may be re-draped to taste</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>In cloth-of-gold or camlet.</em></span><br />
<br />
<em>Here comes afresh Costumier, then;</em><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>That Taste may gain a wrinkle</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><em>From him who drew with such deft pen</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>The rags of <span class="smcap">Rip Van Winkle</span>!</em></span><br />

</div>
<div class="sig">
<br />
<em>AUSTIN DOBSON.</em><br />

</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00007" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[vii]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_vii" title="[vii]"></span></span></p>
<div class="poem">
<br />
<br />
All in the golden afternoon<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Full leisurely we glide;</span><br />
For both our oars, with little skill,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">By little arms are plied,</span><br />
While little hands make vain pretence<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Our wanderings to guide.</span><br />
<br />
Ah, cruel Three! In such an hour,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Beneath such dreamy weather,</span><br />
To beg a tale of breath too weak<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">To stir the tiniest feather!</span><br />
Yet what can one poor voice avail<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Against three tongues together?</span><br />
<br />
Imperious Prima flashes forth<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Her edict &quot;to begin it&quot;—</span><br />
In gentler tone Secunda hopes<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">&quot;There will be nonsense in it!&quot;—</span><br />
While Tertia interrupts the tale<br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00008" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[viii]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_viii" title="[viii]"></span></span><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Not <em>more</em> than once a minute.</span><br />
<br />
Anon, to sudden silence won,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">In fancy they pursue</span><br />
The dream-child moving through a land<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Of wonders wild and new,</span><br />
In friendly chat with bird or beast—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And half believe it true.</span><br />
<br />
And ever, as the story drained<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">The wells of fancy dry.</span><br />
And faintly strove that weary one<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">To put the subject by,</span><br />
&quot;The rest next time—&quot; &quot;It <em>is</em> next time!&quot;<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">The happy voices cry.</span><br />
<br />
Thus grew the tale of Wonderland:<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Thus slowly, one by one,</span><br />
Its quaint events were hammered out—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And now the tale is done,</span><br />
And home we steer, a merry crew,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Beneath the setting sun.</span><br />
<br />
Alice! a childish story take,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And with a gentle hand</span><br />
Lay it where Childhood&#039;s dreams are twined<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">In Memory&#039;s mystic band,</span><br />
Like pilgrim&#039;s wither&#039;d wreath of flowers<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Pluck&#039;d in a far-off land.</span><br />

</div>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00009" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[ix]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_ix" title="[ix]"></span></span></p>
<h2 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00010">CONTENTS</h2>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_spine.jpg" alt="Book spine" id="img_images_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="9908" data-pandoc-media-sha1="e6efcd1d7feb09b4748533a455ee7997e924f4fb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_spine.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="98be5ec9255e2fc31a97e3091f4f48985956924d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td><td style="text-align: left"><div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;border-width: 0px;" summary="Contents">
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<tr><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="small">PAGE</span></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">I. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">Down the Rabbit-hole</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_1" class="pginternal">1</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">II. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">The Pool of Tears</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_13" class="pginternal">13</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">III. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">A Caucus-race and a Long Tale</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_24" class="pginternal">24</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">IV. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">The Rabbit sends in a Little Bill</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_35" class="pginternal">35</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">V. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">Advice from a Caterpillar</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_49" class="pginternal">49</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">VI. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">Pig and Pepper</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_64" class="pginternal">64</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">VII. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">A Mad Tea-party</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_82" class="pginternal">82</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">VIII. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">The Queen&#039;s Croquet-ground</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_96" class="pginternal">96</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">IX. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">The Mock Turtle&#039;s Story</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_111" class="pginternal">111</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">X. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">The Lobster Quadrille</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_126" class="pginternal">126</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">XI. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">Who Stole the Tarts?</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_139" class="pginternal">139</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: right">XII. </td><td style="text-align: left"><span class="smcap">Alice&#039;s Evidence</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_150" class="pginternal">150</a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div></td></tr>
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</table>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00011" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[xi]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_xi" title="[xi]"></span></span></p>
<h2 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00012">LIST OF THE PLATES</h2>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;border-width: 0px;" summary="List of Illustrations">
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<tr><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><em>To face page</em></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
Alice
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_front" class="pginternal"><em>Frontispiece</em></a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
The Pool of Tears
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_22" class="pginternal">22</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
They all crowded round it panting and asking, &quot;But who has won?&quot;
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_28" class="pginternal">28</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
&quot;Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?&quot;
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_36" class="pginternal">36</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
Advice from a Caterpillar
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_50" class="pginternal">50</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
An unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and very nearly carried it off
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_70" class="pginternal">70</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
It grunted again so violently that she looked down into its face in some alarm
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_74" class="pginternal">74</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
A Mad Tea-Party
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_84" class="pginternal">84</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
The Queen turned angrily away from him and said to the Knave, &quot;Turn them over&quot;
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_100" class="pginternal">100</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
The Queen never left off quarrelling with the other players, and shouting &quot;Off with his head!&quot; or, &quot;Off with her head!&quot;
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_116" class="pginternal">116</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
The Mock Turtle drew a long breath and said, &quot;That&#039;s very curious&quot;
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_132" class="pginternal">132</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
Who stole the Tarts?
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_140" class="pginternal">140</a></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left"><div class="hang1">
At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and came flying down upon her
</div></td><td style="text-align: right"><a href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_158" class="pginternal">158</a></td></tr>
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</table>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00013" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[1]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_1" title="[1]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER I
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Down the Rabbit-Hole</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 71px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_a.png" alt="A" id="img_images_a.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1958" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c9ae16ac0296d858d1fd9aadb7283a1c6f379d8e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bb6a733e0f93f880cb45975e3623f2d83734d898" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
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<div class="unindent">
LICE was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do: once or twice she had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, &quot;and what is the use of a book,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;without pictures or conversations?&quot;
</div>
<p>So she was considering in her own mind (as well as she could, for the hot day made her feel very sleepy and stupid) whether the pleasure of making a daisy-chain would be worth the trouble of getting up and picking the daisies, when suddenly a White Rabbit with pink eyes ran close by her.</p>
<p>There was nothing so <em>very</em> remarkable in that; nor did Alice think it so <em>very</em> much out of the way to hear the Rabbit say to itself, &quot;Oh dear! Oh dear! I shall be too late!&quot; (when<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00014" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[2]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_2" title="[2]"></span></span> she thought it over afterwards, it occurred to her that she ought to have wondered at this, but at the time it all seemed quite natural); but when the Rabbit actually <em>took a watch out of its waistcoat-pocket</em>, and looked at it, and then hurried on, Alice started to her feet, for it flashed across her mind that she had never before seen a rabbit with either a waistcoat-pocket, or a watch to take out of it, and burning with curiosity, she ran across the field after it, and was just in time to see it pop down a large rabbit-hole under the hedge.</p>
<p>In another moment down went Alice after it, never once considering how in the world she was to get out again.</p>
<p>The rabbit-hole went straight on like a tunnel for some way, and then dipped suddenly down, so suddenly that Alice had not a moment to think about stopping herself before she found herself falling down what seemed to be a very deep well.</p>
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<p>Either the well was very deep, or she fell very slowly, for she had plenty of time as she went down to look about her, and to wonder what was going to happen next. First, she<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00015" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[3]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_3" title="[3]"></span></span> tried to look down and make out what she was coming to, but it was too dark to see anything; then she looked at the sides of the well and noticed that they were filled with cupboards and book-shelves: here and there she saw maps and pictures hung upon pegs. She took down a jar from one of the shelves as she passed; it was labelled &quot;ORANGE MARMALADE,&quot; but to her disappointment it was empty; she did not like to drop the jar for fear of killing somebody<span class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[4]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_4" title="[4]"></span></span> underneath, so managed to put it into one of the cupboards as she fell past it.</p>
<p>&quot;Well!&quot; thought Alice to herself. &quot;After such a fall as this, I shall think nothing of tumbling down stairs! How brave they&#039;ll all think me at home! Why, I wouldn&#039;t say anything about it, even if I fell off the top of the house!&quot; (Which was very likely true.)</p>
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<p>Down, down, down. Would the fall <em>never</em> come to an end? &quot;I wonder how many miles I&#039;ve fallen by this time?&quot; she said aloud. &quot;I must be getting somewhere near the centre of the earth. Let me see: that would be four thousand miles down. I think—&quot; (for, you see, Alice had learnt several things of this sort in her lessons in the schoolroom, and though this was not a <em>very</em> good opportunity for showing off her knowledge, as there was no one to listen to her, still it was good practice to say it over) &quot;—yes, that&#039;s about the right distance—but then I wonder what Latitude or Longitude I&#039;ve got to?&quot; (Alice had no idea what Latitude was, or Longitude either, but thought they were nice grand words to say.)<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00016" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[5]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_5" title="[5]"></span></span></p>
<p>Presently she began again. &quot;I wonder if I shall fall right <em>through</em> the earth! How funny it&#039;ll seem to come out among the people that walk with their heads downwards! The Antipathies, I think—&quot; (she was rather glad there <em>was</em> no one listening, this time, as it didn&#039;t sound at all the right word) &quot;—but I shall have to ask them what the name of the country is, you know. Please, Ma&#039;am, is this New Zealand or Australia?&quot; (and she tried to curtsey as she spoke—fancy <em>curtseying</em> as you&#039;re falling through the air! Do you think you could manage it?) &quot;And what an ignorant little girl she&#039;ll think me! No, it&#039;ll never do to ask: perhaps I shall see it written up somewhere.&quot;</p>
<p>Down, down, down. There was nothing else to do, so Alice soon began talking again. &quot;Dinah&#039;ll miss me very much to-night, I should think!&quot; (Dinah was the cat.) &quot;I hope they&#039;ll remember her saucer of milk at tea-time. Dinah, my dear, I wish you were down here with me! There are no mice in the air, I&#039;m afraid, but you might catch a bat, and that&#039;s very like a mouse, you know. But do cats eat bats, I wonder?&quot; And here Alice<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00017" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[6]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_6" title="[6]"></span></span> began to get rather sleepy, and went on saying to herself, in a dreamy sort of way, &quot;Do cats eat bats? Do cats eat bats?&quot; and sometimes, &quot;Do bats eat cats?&quot; for, you see, as she couldn&#039;t answer either question, it didn&#039;t much matter which way she put it. She felt that she was dozing off, and had just begun to dream that she was walking hand in hand with Dinah, and saying to her very earnestly, &quot;Now, Dinah, tell me the truth: did you ever eat a bat?&quot; when suddenly, thump! thump! down she came upon a heap of sticks and dry leaves, and the fall was over.</p>
<p>Alice was not a bit hurt, and she jumped up on to her feet in a moment: she looked up, but it was all dark overhead; before her was another long passage, and the White Rabbit was still in sight, hurrying down it. There was not a moment to be lost: away went Alice like the wind, and was just in time to hear it say, as it turned a corner, &quot;Oh my ears and whiskers, how late it&#039;s getting!&quot; She was close behind it when she turned the corner, but the Rabbit was no longer to be seen: she found herself in a long, low hall, which was lit up by a row of lamps hanging from the roof.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00018" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[7]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_7" title="[7]"></span></span></p>
<p>There were doors all round the hall, but they were all locked; and when Alice had been all the way down one side and up the other, trying every door, she walked sadly down the middle, wondering how she was ever to get out again.</p>
<p>Suddenly she came upon a little three-legged table, all made of solid glass; there was nothing on it but a tiny golden key, and Alice&#039;s first idea was that this might belong to one of the doors of the hall; but, alas! either the locks were too large, or the key was too small, but at any rate it would not open any of them. However, on the second time round, she came upon a low curtain she had not noticed before, and behind it was a little door about fifteen inches high: she tried the little golden key in the lock, and to her great delight it fitted!</p>
<p>Alice opened the door and found that it led into a small passage, not much larger than a rat-hole: she knelt down and looked along the passage into the loveliest garden you ever saw. How she longed to get out of that dark hall, and wander about among those beds of bright flowers and those cool fountains, but<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00019" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[8]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_8" title="[8]"></span></span> she could not even get her head through the doorway; <u>&quot;</u>even if my head would go through,&quot; thought poor Alice, &quot;it would be of very little use without my shoulders. Oh, how I wish I could shut up like a telescope! I think I could, if I only knew how to begin.&quot; For, you see, so many out-of-the-way things had happened lately, that Alice had begun to think that very few things indeed were really impossible.</p>
<p>There seemed to be no use in waiting by the little door, so she went back to the table, half hoping she might find another key on it, or at any rate a book of rules for shutting people up like telescopes: this time she found a little bottle on it (&quot;which certainly was not here before,&quot; said Alice,) and tied round the neck of the bottle was a paper label, with the words &quot;DRINK ME&quot; beautifully printed on it in large letters.</p>
<p>It was all very well to say &quot;Drink me,&quot; but the wise little Alice was not going to do <em>that</em> in a hurry. &quot;No, I&#039;ll look first,&quot; she said, &quot;and see whether it&#039;s marked &#039;<em>poison</em>&#039; or not;&quot; for she had read several nice little stories about children who had got burnt,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00020" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[9]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_9" title="[9]"></span></span> and eaten up by wild beasts, and other unpleasant things, all because they <em>would</em> not remember the simple rules their friends had taught them: such as, that a red-hot poker will burn you if you hold it too long; and that, if you cut your finger <em>very</em> deeply with a knife, it usually bleeds; and she had never forgotten that, if you drink much from a bottle marked &quot;poison,&quot; it is almost certain to disagree with you, sooner or later.</p>
<p>However, this bottle was <em>not</em> marked &quot;poison,&quot; so Alice ventured to taste it, and finding it very nice (it had, in fact, a sort of mixed flavour of cherry-tart, custard, pineapple, roast turkey, coffee, and hot buttered toast,) she very soon finished it off.</p>
<hr />
<p>&quot;What a curious feeling!&quot; said Alice. &quot;I must be shutting up like a telescope.&quot;</p>
<p>And so it was indeed: she was now only ten inches high, and her face brightened up at the thought that she was now the right size for going through that little door into that lovely garden. First, however, she<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00021" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[10]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_10" title="[10]"></span></span> waited for a few minutes to see if she was going to shrink any further: she felt a little nervous about this: &quot;for it might end, you know,&quot; said Alice to herself, &quot;in my going out altogether, like a candle. I wonder what I should be like then?&quot; And she tried to fancy what the flame of a candle looks like after the candle is blown out, for she could not remember ever having seen such a thing.</p>
<p>After a while, finding that nothing more happened, she decided on going into the garden at once; but, alas for poor Alice! when she got to the door, she found she had forgotten the little golden key, and when she went back to the table for it, she found she could not possibly reach it: she could see it quite plainly through the glass, and she tried her best to climb up one of the legs of the table, but it was too slippery; and when she had tired herself out with trying, the poor little thing sat down and cried.</p>
<p>&quot;Come, there&#039;s no use in crying like that!&quot; said Alice to herself, rather sharply. &quot;I advise you to leave off this minute!&quot; She generally gave herself very good advice (though she very seldom followed it), and sometimes she<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00022" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[11]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_11" title="[11]"></span></span> scolded herself so severely as to bring tears into her eyes; and once she remembered trying to box her own ears for having cheated herself in a game of croquet she was playing against herself, for this curious child was very fond of pretending to be two people. &quot;But it&#039;s no use now,&quot; thought poor Alice, &quot;to pretend to be two people! Why there&#039;s hardly enough of me left to make <em>one</em> respectable person!&quot;</p>
<p>Soon her eye fell on a little glass box that was lying under the table: she opened it, and found in it a very small cake, on which the words &quot;EAT ME&quot; were beautifully marked in currants. &quot;Well, I&#039;ll eat it,&quot; said Alice, &quot;and if it makes me grow larger, I can reach the key; and if it makes me grow smaller, I can creep under the door; so either way I&#039;ll get into the garden, and I don&#039;t care which happens!&quot;</p>
<p>She ate a little bit, and said anxiously to herself, &quot;Which way? Which way?&quot; holding her hand on the top of her head to feel which way it was growing, and she was quite surprised to find that she remained the same size; to be sure, this is what generally happens<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00023" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[12]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_12" title="[12]"></span></span> when one eats cake, but Alice had got so much into the way of expecting nothing but out-of-the-way things to happen, that it seemed quite dull and stupid for life to go on in the common way.</p>
<p>So she set to work, and very soon finished off the cake.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00024" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[13]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_13" title="[13]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER II
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Pool of Tears</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 80px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_c-quote.png" alt="&quot;C" id="img_images_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2005" data-pandoc-media-sha1="45fd6a30d711d6dcc98383a4ef8a6984076fe284" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="63d12ca23b6b56b86548c3ea9a0873902ff15029" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
URIOUSER and curiouser!&quot; cried Alice (she was so much surprised, that for a moment she quite forgot how to speak good English); &quot;now I&#039;m opening out like the largest telescope that ever was! Good-bye, feet!&quot; (for when she looked down at her feet, they seemed to be almost out of sight, they were getting so far off). &quot;Oh, my poor little feet, I wonder who will put on your shoes and stockings for you now, dears? I&#039;m sure <em>I</em> sha&#039;n&#039;t be able! I shall be a great deal too far off to trouble myself about you: you must manage the best way you can—but I must be kind to them,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;or perhaps they won&#039;t walk the way I want to go! Let me see: I&#039;ll give them a new pair of boots every Christmas.&quot;
</div>
<p>And she went on planning to herself how<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00025" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[14]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_14" title="[14]"></span></span> she would manage it. &quot;They must go by the carrier,&quot; she thought; &quot;and how funny it&#039;ll seem, sending presents to one&#039;s own feet! And how odd the directions will look!</p>
<div class="poem">
Alice&#039;s Right Foot, Esq.<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Hearthrug,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4em;">near the Fender,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 6em;">(with Alice&#039;s love).</span><br />

</div>
<div class="unindent">
Oh dear, what nonsense I&#039;m talking!&quot;
</div>
<p>Just then her head struck against the roof of the hall: in fact she was now rather more than nine feet high, and she at once took up the little golden key and hurried off to the garden door.</p>
<p>Poor Alice! It was as much as she could do, lying down on one side, to look through into the garden with one eye; but to get through was more hopeless than ever: she sat down and began to cry again.</p>
<p>&quot;You ought to be ashamed of yourself,&quot; said Alice, &quot;a great girl like you&quot; (she might well say this), &quot;to go on crying in this way! Stop this moment, I tell you!&quot; But she went on all the same, shedding gallons of tears, until there was a large pool all round her,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00026" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[15]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_15" title="[15]"></span></span> about four inches deep and reaching half down the hall.</p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 183px;" role="figure" aria-labelledby="ebm_caption0">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" alt="Curiouser and Curiouser" id="img_images_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="13764" data-pandoc-media-sha1="09b567711f8ab3274c59ac3ecbe527ea492fa0c1" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="eb2d085ce22ecfe1930b97202a0ab2834618bacf" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /> <span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_ebm_caption0" class="caption"><span class="smcap">Curiouser and Curiouser</span></span>
</div>
<p>After a time she heard a little pattering of feet in the distance, and she hastily dried her eyes to see what was coming. It was the White Rabbit returning, splendidly dressed, with a pair of white kid gloves in one hand and a large fan in the other: he came trotting along in a great hurry, muttering to himself as he came, &quot;Oh! the Duchess, the Duchess! Oh! won&#039;t she be savage if I&#039;ve kept her waiting!&quot; Alice felt so desperate that she was ready to ask help of<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00027" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[16]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_16" title="[16]"></span></span> any one; so, when the Rabbit came near her, she began, in a low, timid voice, &quot;If you please, sir——&quot; The Rabbit started violently, dropped the white kid gloves and the fan, and scurried away into the darkness as hard as he could go.</p>
<p>Alice took up the fan and gloves, and, as the hall was very hot, she kept fanning herself all the time she went on talking! &quot;Dear, dear! How queer everything is to-day! And yesterday things went on just as usual. I wonder if I&#039;ve been changed during the night? Let me think: <em>was</em> I the same when I got up this morning? I almost think I can remember feeling a little different. But if I&#039;m not the same, the next question is, who in the world am I? Ah, <em>that&#039;s</em> the great puzzle!&quot; And she began thinking over all the children she knew that were of the same age as herself, to see if she could have been changed for any of them.</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;m sure I&#039;m not Ada,&quot; she said, &quot;for her hair goes in such long ringlets, and mine doesn&#039;t go in ringlets at all; and I&#039;m sure I can&#039;t be Mabel, for I know all sorts of things, and she, oh! she knows such a very little!<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00028" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[17]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_17" title="[17]"></span></span> Besides, <em>she&#039;s</em> she, and <em>I&#039;m</em> I, and—oh dear, how puzzling it all is! I&#039;ll try if I know all the things I used to know. Let me see: four times five is twelve, and four times six is thirteen, and four times seven is—oh dear! I shall never get to twenty at that rate! However, the Multiplication Table doesn&#039;t signify: let&#039;s try Geography. London is the capital of Paris, and Paris is the capital of Rome, and Rome—no, <em>that&#039;s</em> all wrong, I&#039;m certain! I must have been changed for Mabel! I&#039;ll try and say &#039;<em>How doth the little——</em>&#039;&quot; and she crossed her hands on her lap as if she were saying lessons, and began to repeat it, but her voice sounded hoarse and strange, and the words did not come the same as they used to do:—</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;How doth the little crocodile<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Improve his shining tail,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">And pour the waters of the Nile</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">On every golden scale!</span><br />
<br />
&quot;How cheerfully he seems to grin,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">How neatly spreads his claws,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">And welcomes little fishes in,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">With gently smiling jaws!&quot;</span><br />

</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00029" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[18]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_18" title="[18]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;m sure those are not the right words,&quot; said poor Alice, and her eyes filled with tears again as she went on. &quot;I must be Mabel, after all, and I shall have to go and live in that poky little house, and have next to no toys to play with, and oh! ever so many lessons to learn! No, I&#039;ve made up my mind about it; if I&#039;m Mabel, I&#039;ll stay down here! It&#039;ll be no use their putting their heads down and saying, &#039;Come up again, dear!&#039; I shall only look up and say, &#039;Who am I then? Tell me that first, and then, if I like being that person, I&#039;ll come up: if not, I&#039;ll stay down here till I&#039;m somebody else&#039;—but, oh dear!&quot; cried Alice with a sudden burst of tears, &quot;I do wish they <em>would</em> put their heads down! I am so <em>very</em> tired of being all alone here!&quot;</p>
<p>As she said this she looked down at her hands, and was surprised to see that she had put on one of the Rabbit&#039;s little white kid gloves while she was talking. &quot;How <em>can</em> I have done that?&quot; she thought. &quot;I must be growing small again.&quot; She got up and went to the table to measure herself by it, and found that, as nearly as she could guess, she was now about two feet high, and was<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00030" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[19]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_19" title="[19]"></span></span> going on shrinking rapidly: she soon found out that the cause of this was the fan she was holding, and she dropped it hastily, just in time to avoid shrinking away altogether.</p>
<p>&quot;That <em>was</em> a narrow escape!&quot; said Alice, a good deal frightened at the sudden change, but very glad to find herself still in existence; &quot;and now for the garden!&quot; and she ran with all speed back to the little door: but alas! the little door was shut again, and the little golden key was lying on the glass table as before, &quot;and things are worse than ever,&quot; thought the poor child, &quot;for I never was so small as this before, never! And I declare it&#039;s too bad, that it is!&quot;</p>
<p>As she said these words her foot slipped, and in another moment, splash! she was up to her chin in salt water. Her first idea was that she had somehow fallen into the sea, &quot;and in that case I can go back by railway,&quot; she said to herself. (Alice had been to the seaside once in her life, and had come to the general conclusion, that wherever you go to on the English coast you find a number of bathing machines in the sea, some children digging in the sand with wooden spades, then<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00031" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[20]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_20" title="[20]"></span></span> a row of lodging houses, and behind them a railway station.) However, she soon made out that she was in the pool of tears which she had wept when she was nine feet high.</p>
<p>&quot;I wish I hadn&#039;t cried so much!&quot; said Alice, as she swam about, trying to find her way out. &quot;I shall be punished for it now, I suppose, by being drowned in my own tears! That <em>will</em> be a queer thing, to be sure! However, everything is queer to-day.&quot;</p>
<p>Just then she heard something splashing about in the pool a little way off, and she swam nearer to make out what it was: at first she thought it must be a walrus or hippopotamus, but then she remembered how small she was now, and she soon made out that it was only a mouse that had slipped in like herself.</p>
<p>&quot;Would it be of any use now,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;to speak to this mouse? Everything is so out-of-the-way down here, that I should think very likely it can talk: at any rate, there&#039;s no harm in trying.&quot; So she began: &quot;O Mouse, do you know the way out of this pool? I am very tired of swimming about here, O Mouse!&quot; (Alice thought this must<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00032" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[21]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_21" title="[21]"></span></span> be the right way of speaking to a mouse; she had never done such a thing before, but she remembered having seen in her brother&#039;s Latin Grammar, &quot;A mouse—of a mouse—to a mouse—a mouse—O mouse!&quot;) The Mouse looked at her rather inquisitively, and seemed to her to wink with one of its little eyes, but it said nothing.</p>
<p>&quot;Perhaps it doesn&#039;t understand English,&quot; thought Alice; &quot;I daresay it&#039;s a French mouse, come over with William the Conqueror.&quot; (For, with all her knowledge of history, Alice had no very clear notion how long ago anything had happened.) So she began again: &quot;Où est ma chatte?&quot; which was the first sentence in her French lesson-book. The Mouse gave a sudden leap out of the water, and seemed to quiver all over with fright. &quot;Oh, I beg your pardon!&quot; cried Alice hastily, afraid that she had hurt the poor animal&#039;s feelings. &quot;I quite forgot you didn&#039;t like cats.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Not like cats!&quot; cried the Mouse, in a shrill, passionate voice. &quot;Would <em>you</em> like cats if you were me?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Well, perhaps not,&quot; said Alice in a soothing tone: &quot;don&#039;t be angry about it. And yet<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00033" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[22]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_22" title="[22]"></span></span> I wish I could show you our cat Dinah: I think you&#039;d take a fancy to cats if you could only see her. She is such a dear quiet thing,&quot; Alice went on, half to herself, as she swam lazily about in the pool, &quot;and she sits purring so nicely by the fire, licking her paws and washing her face—and she is such a nice soft thing to nurse—and she&#039;s such a capital one for catching mice——oh, I beg your pardon!&quot; cried Alice again, for this time the Mouse was bristling all over, and she felt certain it must be really offended. &quot;We won&#039;t talk about her any more if you&#039;d rather not.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;We, indeed!&quot; cried the Mouse, who was trembling down to the end of his tail. &quot;As if <em>I</em> would talk on such a subject! Our family always <em>hated</em> cats: nasty, low, vulgar things! Don&#039;t let me hear the name again!&quot;</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="Pool of tears">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>The Pool of Tears</em>      <br />
<br />
</td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" alt="The Pool of Tears" id="img_images_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="69529" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bffd7a14d6ea1ad7fe5ebfaae0fcc09984ca9e2b" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="5885cee1ea580ddb2534082687b9451f22027cc4" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>&quot;I won&#039;t indeed!&quot; said Alice, in a great hurry to change the subject of conversation. &quot;Are you—are you fond—of—of dogs?&quot; The Mouse did not answer, so Alice went on eagerly: &quot;There is such a nice little dog near our house I should like to show you! A little bright-eyed terrier, you know, with oh, such long curly brown hair! And it&#039;ll fetch<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00034" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[23]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_23" title="[23]"></span></span> things when you throw them, and it&#039;ll sit up and beg for its dinner, and all sorts of things—I can&#039;t remember half of them—and it belongs to a farmer, you know, and he says it&#039;s so useful, it&#039;s worth a hundred pounds! He says it kills all the rats and—oh dear!&quot; cried Alice in a sorrowful tone, &quot;I&#039;m afraid I&#039;ve offended it again!&quot; For the Mouse was swimming away from her as hard as it could go, and making quite a commotion in the pool as it went.</p>
<p>So she called softly after it, &quot;Mouse dear! Do come back again, and we won&#039;t talk about cats or dogs either, if you don&#039;t like them!&quot;</p>
<p>When the Mouse heard this, it turned round and swam slowly back to her: its face was quite pale (with passion, Alice thought), and it said in a low trembling voice, &quot;Let us get to the shore, and then I&#039;ll tell you my history, and you&#039;ll understand why it is I hate cats and dogs.&quot;</p>
<p>It was high time to go, for the pool was getting quite crowded with the birds and animals that had fallen into it: there were a Duck and a Dodo, a Lory and an Eaglet, and several other curious creatures. Alice led the way, and the whole party swam to the shore.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00035" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[24]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_24" title="[24]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER III
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>A Caucus-race and a Long Tale</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 75px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_t.png" alt="T" id="img_images_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2268" data-pandoc-media-sha1="95bf79f536e8e087ef0b4ddd0dae0f53bdaf81e2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="764f119afa968c8f7404721ee9fa70a98da9f2fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
HEY were indeed a queer-looking party that assembled on the bank—the birds with draggled feathers, the animals with their fur clinging close to them, and all dripping wet, cross, and uncomfortable.
</div>
<p>The first question of course was, how to get dry again: they had a consultation about this, and after a few minutes it seemed quite natural to Alice to find herself talking familiarly with them, as if she had known them all her life. Indeed, she had quite a long argument with the Lory, who at last turned sulky, and would only say, &quot;I am older than you, and must know better;&quot; and this Alice would not allow without knowing how old it was, and, as the Lory positively refused to tell its age, there was no more to be said.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00036" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[25]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_25" title="[25]"></span></span></p>
<p>At last the Mouse, who seemed to be a person of authority among them, called out &quot;Sit down, all of you, and listen to me! <em>I&#039;ll</em> soon make you dry enough!&quot; They all sat down at once, in a large ring, with the Mouse in the middle. Alice kept her eyes anxiously fixed on it, for she felt sure she would catch a bad cold if she did not get dry very soon.</p>
<p>&quot;Ahem!&quot; said the Mouse with an important air. &quot;Are you all ready? This is the driest thing I know. Silence all round, if you please! &#039;William the Conqueror, whose cause was favoured by the pope, was soon submitted to by the English, who wanted leaders, and had been of late much accustomed to usurpation and conquest. Edwin and Morcar, the earls of Mercia and Northumbria—&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Ugh!&quot; said the Lory, with a shiver.</p>
<p>&quot;I beg your pardon!&quot; said the Mouse, frowning, but very politely. &quot;Did you speak?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Not I!&quot; said the Lory hastily.</p>
<p>&quot;I thought you did,&quot; said the Mouse, &quot;—I proceed. &#039;Edwin and Morcar, the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00037" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[26]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_26" title="[26]"></span></span> earls of Mercia and Northumbria, declared for him: and even Stigand, the patriotic Archbishop of Canterbury, found it advisable—&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Found <em>what?</em>&quot; said the Duck.</p>
<p>&quot;Found <em>it</em>,&quot; the Mouse replied rather crossly: &quot;of course you know what &#039;it&#039; means.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I know what &#039;it&#039; means well enough, when <em>I</em> find a thing,&quot; said the Duck; &quot;it&#039;s generally a frog or a worm. The question is, what did the archbishop find?&quot;</p>
<p>The Mouse did not notice this question, but hurriedly went on, &quot;&#039;—found it advisable to go with Edgar Atheling to meet William and offer him the crown. William&#039;s conduct at first was moderate. But the insolence of his Normans—&#039; How are you getting on now, my dear?&quot; it continued, turning to Alice as it spoke.</p>
<p>&quot;As wet as ever,&quot; said Alice in a melancholy tone; &quot;doesn&#039;t seem to dry me at all.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;In that case,&quot; said the Dodo solemnly, rising to its feet, &quot;I move that the meeting adjourn, for the immediate adoption of more energetic remedies——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Speak English!&quot; said the Eaglet. &quot;I<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00038" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[27]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_27" title="[27]"></span></span> don&#039;t know the meaning of half those long words, and, what&#039;s more, I don&#039;t believe you do either!&quot; And the Eaglet bent down its head to hide a smile: some of the other birds tittered audibly.</p>
<p>&quot;What I was going to say,&quot; said the Dodo in an offended tone, &quot;was that the best thing to get us dry would be a Caucus-race.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;What <em>is</em> a Caucus-race?&quot; said Alice; not that she much wanted to know, but the Dodo had paused as if it thought that <em>somebody</em> ought to speak, and no one else seemed inclined to say anything.</p>
<p>&quot;Why,&quot; said the Dodo, &quot;the best way to explain it is to do it.&quot; (And, as you might like to try the thing yourself some winter day, I will tell you how the Dodo managed it.)</p>
<p>First it marked out a race-course, in a sort of circle, (&quot;the exact shape doesn&#039;t matter,&quot; it said,) and then all the party were placed along the course, here and there. There was no &quot;One, two, three, and away,&quot; but they began running when they liked, and left off when they liked, so that it was not easy to know when the race was over. However,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00039" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[28]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_28" title="[28]"></span></span> when they had been running half an hour or so, and were quite dry again, the Dodo suddenly called &quot;The race is over!&quot; and they all crowded round it, panting, and asking &quot;But who has won?&quot;</p>
<p>This question the Dodo could not answer without a great deal of thought, and it stood for a long time with one finger pressed upon its forehead (the position in which you usually see Shakespeare, in the pictures of him), while the rest waited in silence. At last the Dodo said &quot;<em>Everybody</em> has won, and <em>all</em> must have prizes.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;But who is to give the prizes?&quot; quite a chorus of voices asked.</p>
<p>&quot;Why, <em>she</em>, of course,&quot; said the Dodo, pointing to Alice with one finger; and the whole party at once crowded round her, calling out in a confused way, &quot;Prizes! Prizes!&quot;</p>
<p>Alice had no idea what to do, and in despair she put her hand in her pocket, and pulled out a box of comfits (luckily the salt water had not got into it), and handed them round as prizes. There was exactly one apiece all round.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="They all crowded round it">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>They all crowded round it panting and asking, &quot;But who has won?&quot;</em><br />
</td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" alt="They all crowded round it panting and asking,&quot;But who has won?&quot;" id="img_images_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="69353" data-pandoc-media-sha1="14cc24c32b7271d5bd2c868809db74b4e1fc907d" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="c489adeea56a49e7fbd2b0e13252f4a9cee35856" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00040" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[29]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_29" title="[29]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;But she must have a prize herself, you know,&quot; said the Mouse.</p>
<p>&quot;Of course,&quot; the Dodo replied very gravely.</p>
<p>&quot;What else have you got in your pocket?&quot; it went on, turning to Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Only a thimble,&quot; said Alice sadly.</p>
<p>&quot;Hand it over here,&quot; said the Dodo.</p>
<p>Then they all crowded round her once more, while the Dodo solemnly presented the thimble, saying &quot;We beg your acceptance of this elegant thimble;&quot; and, when it had finished this short speech, they all cheered.</p>
<p>Alice thought the whole thing very absurd, but they all looked so grave that she did not dare to laugh; and, as she could not think of anything to say, she simply bowed, and took the thimble, looking as solemn as she could.</p>
<p>The next thing was to eat the comfits; this caused some noise and confusion, as the large birds complained that they could not taste theirs, and the small ones choked and had to be patted on the back. However, it was over at last, and they sat down again in<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00041" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[30]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_30" title="[30]"></span></span> a ring, and begged the Mouse to tell them something more.</p>
<p>&quot;You promised to tell me your history, you know,&quot; said Alice, &quot;and why it is you hate—C and D,&quot; she added in a whisper, half afraid that it would be offended again.</p>
<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" alt="Alice and the Dormouse" id="img_images_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14294" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c11523b102064577893d042f33cee08f7a006b5e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="f54bc2993d19434ab54e1ce5c049590b78c2e512" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p>&quot;Mine is a long and sad tale!&quot; said the Mouse, turning to Alice and sighing.</p>
<p>&quot;It <em>is</em> a long tail, certainly,&quot; said Alice, looking down with wonder at the Mouse&#039;s tail; &quot;but why do you call it sad?&quot; And she kept on puzzling about it while the Mouse was speaking, so that her idea of the tale was something like this:<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00042" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[31]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_31" title="[31]"></span></span>—</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;Fury said to<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="tale1">a mouse, That</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4em;"><span class="tale2">he met in the</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 6em;"><span class="tale3">house, &#039;Let</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 7em;"><span class="tale4">us both go</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 8em;"><span class="tale5">to law: <em>I</em></span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 9.5em;"><span class="tale6">will prose-</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 10em;"><span class="tale7">cute <em>you</em>.—</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 9.5em;"><span class="tale8">Come, I&#039;ll</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 8.5em;"><span class="tale9">take no de-</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 7.5em;"><span class="tale10">nial: We</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 5.5em;"><span class="tale11">must have</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3.5em;"><span class="tale12">the trial;</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="tale13">For really</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="tale14">this morn-</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="tale15">ing I&#039;ve</span></span><br />
nothing<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="tale16">to do.&#039;</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="tale17">Said the</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="tale18">mouse to</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="tale19">the cur,</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span class="tale20">&#039;Such a</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3em;"><span class="tale21">trial, dear</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4em;"><span class="tale21">sir, With</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4.5em;"><span class="tale23">no jury</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 5.5em;"><span class="tale24">or judge,</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 6.5em;"><span class="tale25">would</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 7em;"><span class="tale26">be wast-</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 6.5em;"><span class="tale27">ing our</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 6em;"><span class="tale28">breath.&#039;</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 5em;"><span class="tale29">&#039;I&#039;ll be</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4.5em;"><span class="tale30">judge,</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3.5em;"><span class="tale31">I&#039;ll be</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span class="tale32">jury,&#039;</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="tale33">said</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="tale34">cun-</span></span><br />
<span class="tale35">ning</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="tale36">old</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="tale37">Fury:</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="tale38">&#039;I&#039;ll</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="tale39">try</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span class="tale40">the</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3em;"><span class="tale41">whole</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3.5em;"><span class="tale42">cause,</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4.5em;"><span class="tale43">and</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3.5em;"><span class="tale44">con-</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span class="tale45">demn</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="tale46">you to</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="tale47">death.&#039;</span></span><br />

</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00043" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[32]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_32" title="[32]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;You are not attending!&quot; said the Mouse to Alice severely. &quot;What are you thinking of?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I beg your pardon,&quot; said Alice very humbly: &quot;you had got to the fifth bend, I think?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I had <em>not!</em>&quot; cried the Mouse, angrily.</p>
<p>&quot;A knot!&quot; said Alice, always ready to make herself useful, and looking anxiously about her. &quot;Oh, do let me help to undo it!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I shall do nothing of the sort,&quot; said the Mouse, getting up and walking away. &quot;You insult me by talking such nonsense!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I didn&#039;t mean it!&quot; pleaded poor Alice. &quot;But you&#039;re so easily offended, you know!&quot;</p>
<p>The Mouse only growled in reply.</p>
<p>&quot;Please come back and finish your story!&quot; Alice called after it. And the others all joined in chorus, &quot;Yes, please do!&quot; but the Mouse only shook its head impatiently and walked a little quicker.</p>
<p>&quot;What a pity it wouldn&#039;t stay!&quot; sighed the Lory, as soon as it was quite out of sight; and an old Crab took the opportunity of saying to her daughter, &quot;Ah, my dear!<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00044" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[33]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_33" title="[33]"></span></span> Let this be a lesson to you never to lose <em>your</em> temper!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Hold your tongue, Ma!&quot; said the young Crab, a little snappishly. &quot;You&#039;re enough to try the patience of an oyster!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I wish I had our Dinah here, I know I do!&quot; said Alice aloud, addressing nobody in particular. &quot;She&#039;d soon fetch it back!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;And who is Dinah, if I might venture to ask the question?&quot; said the Lory.</p>
<p>Alice replied eagerly, for she was always ready to talk about her pet: &quot;Dinah&#039;s our cat. And <u>she&#039;s</u> such a capital one for catching mice, you ca&#039;n&#039;t think! And oh, I wish you could see her after the birds! Why, she&#039;ll eat a little bird as soon as look at it!&quot;</p>
<p>This speech caused a remarkable sensation among the party. Some of the birds hurried off at once; one old Magpie began wrapping itself up very carefully, remarking &quot;I really must be getting home; the night-air doesn&#039;t suit my throat!&quot; and a Canary called out in a trembling voice to its children &quot;Come away, my dears! It&#039;s high time you were all in bed!&quot; On various pretexts they all moved off, and Alice was soon left alone.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00045" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[34]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_34" title="[34]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;I wish I hadn&#039;t mentioned Dinah!&quot; she said to herself in a melancholy tone. &quot;Nobody seems to like her, down here, and I&#039;m sure she&#039;s the best cat in the world! Oh, my dear Dinah! I wonder if I shall ever see you any more!&quot; And here poor Alice began to cry again, for she felt very lonely and low-spirited. In a little while, however, she again heard a little pattering of footsteps in the distance, and she looked up eagerly, half hoping that the Mouse had changed his mind, and was coming back to finish his story.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00046" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[35]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_35" title="[35]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER IV
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>The Rabbit sends in a Little Bill</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 73px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_i.png" alt="I" id="img_images_i.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2088" data-pandoc-media-sha1="98f77cd2975fc986248f3b48e27f47bbd668227f" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_i.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="cafccf81a19299560ebd2e0749f465d111609cda" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
T was the White Rabbit, trotting slowly back again, and looking anxiously about as it went, as if it had lost something; and she heard it muttering to itself, &quot;The Duchess! The Duchess! Oh my dear paws! Oh my fur and whiskers! She&#039;ll get me executed, as sure as ferrets are ferrets! Where <em>can</em> I have dropped them, I wonder?&quot; Alice guessed in a moment that it was looking for the fan and the pair of white kid gloves, and she very good-naturedly began hunting about for them, but they were nowhere to be seen—everything seemed to have changed since her swim in the pool, and the great hall, with the glass table and the little door, had vanished completely.
</div>
<p>Very soon the Rabbit noticed Alice, as she went hunting about, and called out to her in an angry tone, &quot;Why, Mary Ann, what<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00047" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[36]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_36" title="[36]"></span></span> <em>are</em> you doing out here? Run home this moment, and fetch me a pair of gloves and a fan! Quick, now!&quot; And Alice was so much frightened that she ran off at once in the direction it pointed to, without trying to explain the mistake it had made.</p>
<p>&quot;He took me for his housemaid,&quot; she said to herself as she ran. &quot;How surprised he&#039;ll be when he finds out who I am! But I&#039;d better take him his fan and gloves—that is, if I can find them.&quot; As she said this, she came upon a neat little house, on the door of which was a bright brass plate with the name &quot;W. RABBIT&quot; engraved upon it. She went in without knocking, and hurried up stairs, in great fear lest she should meet the real Mary Ann, and be turned out of the house before she had found the fan and gloves.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center">&quot;<em>Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?</em>&quot;</td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" alt="Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?" id="img_images_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="53067" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cfb9a790bdf19e5bdb6e61447c53bc695862a532" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="917d35cf405c0c5739222379990cfdb4ba2b723c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>&quot;How queer it seems,&quot; Alice said to herself, &quot;to be doing messages for a rabbit! I suppose Dinah&#039;ll be sending me on messages next!&quot; And she began fancying the sort of thing that would happen: &quot;&#039;Miss Alice! Come here directly, and get ready for your walk!&#039; &#039;Coming in a minute, nurse! But<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00048" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[37]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_37" title="[37]"></span></span> I&#039;ve got to watch this mouse-hole till Dinah comes back, and see that the mouse doesn&#039;t get out.&#039; Only I don&#039;t think,&quot; Alice went on, &quot;that they&#039;d let Dinah stop in the house if it began ordering people about like that!&quot;</p>
<p>By this time she had found her way into a tidy little room with a table in the window, and on it (as she had hoped) a fan and two or three pairs of tiny white kid gloves: she took up the fan and a pair of the gloves, and was just going to leave the room, when her eye fell upon a little bottle that stood near the looking-glass. There was no label this time with the words &quot;DRINK ME,&quot; but nevertheless she uncorked it and put it to her lips. &quot;I know <em>something</em> interesting is sure to happen,&quot; she said to herself, &quot;whenever I eat or drink anything; so I&#039;ll just see what this bottle does. I do hope it will make me grow large again, for really I&#039;m <u>quite</u> tired of being such a tiny little thing!&quot;</p>
<p>It did so indeed, and much sooner than she had expected: before she had drunk half the bottle, she found her head pressing against the ceiling, and had to stoop to save her neck from being broken. She hastily put down<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00049" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[38]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_38" title="[38]"></span></span> the bottle, saying to herself &quot;That&#039;s quite enough—I hope I sha&#039;n&#039;t grow any more—As it is, I can&#039;t get out at the door—I do wish I hadn&#039;t drunk quite so much!&quot;</p>
<p>Alas! it was too late to wish that! She went on growing, and growing, and very soon had to kneel down on the floor: in another minute there was not even room for this, and she tried the effect of lying down with one elbow against the door, and the other arm curled round her head. Still she went on growing, and, as a last resource, she put one arm out of the window, and one foot up the chimney, and said to herself &quot;Now I can do no more, whatever happens. What <em>will</em> become of me?&quot;</p>
<p>Luckily for Alice, the little magic bottle had now had its full effect, and she grew no larger: still it was very uncomfortable, and, as there seemed to be no sort of chance of her ever getting out of the room again, no wonder she felt unhappy.</p>
<p>&quot;It was much pleasanter at home,&quot; thought poor Alice, &quot;when one wasn&#039;t always growing larger and smaller, and being ordered about by mice and rabbits. I almost wish I hadn&#039;t gone<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00050" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[39]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_39" title="[39]"></span></span> down that rabbit-hole—and yet—and yet—it&#039;s rather curious, you know, this sort of life! I do wonder what <em>can</em> have happened to me! When I used to read fairy-tales, I fancied that kind of thing never happened, and now here I am in the middle of one! There ought to be a book written about me, that there ought! And when I grow up, I&#039;ll write one—but I&#039;m grown up now,&quot; she added in a sorrowful tone; &quot;at least there&#039;s no room to grow up any more <em>here</em>.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;But then,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;shall I <em>never</em> get any older than I am now? That&#039;ll be a comfort, one way—never to be an old woman—but then—always to have lessons to learn! Oh, I shouldn&#039;t like <em>that!</em>&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, you foolish Alice!&quot; she answered herself. &quot;How can you learn lessons in here? Why, there&#039;s hardly room for <em>you</em>, and no room at all for any lesson-books!&quot;</p>
<p>And so she went on, taking first one side and then the other, and making quite a conversation of it altogether; but after a few minutes she heard a voice outside, and stopped to listen.</p>
<p>&quot;Mary Ann! Mary Ann!&quot; said the voice.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00051" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[40]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_40" title="[40]"></span></span> &quot;Fetch me my gloves this moment!&quot; Then came a little pattering of feet on the stairs. Alice knew it was the Rabbit coming to look for her, and she trembled till she shook the house, quite forgetting that she was now about a thousand times as large as the Rabbit, and had no reason to be afraid of it.</p>
<p>Presently the Rabbit came up to the door, and tried to open it; but, as the door opened inwards, and Alice&#039;s elbow was pressed hard against it, that attempt proved a failure. Alice heard it say to itself &quot;Then I&#039;ll go round and get in at the window.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;<em>That</em> you won&#039;t&quot; thought Alice, and, after waiting till she fancied she heard the Rabbit just under the window, she suddenly spread out her hand, and made a snatch in the air. She did not get hold of anything, but she heard a little shriek and a fall, and a crash of broken glass, from which she concluded that it was just possible it had fallen into a cucumber-frame, or something of the sort.</p>
<p>Next came an angry voice—the Rabbit&#039;s—&quot;Pat! Pat! Where are you?&quot; And then a voice she had never heard before, &quot;Sure<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00052" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[41]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_41" title="[41]"></span></span> then I&#039;m here! Digging for apples, yer honour!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Digging for apples, indeed!&quot; said the Rabbit angrily. &quot;Here! Come and help me out of <em>this!</em>&quot; (Sounds of more broken glass.)</p>
<p>&quot;Now tell me, Pat, what&#039;s that in the window?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Sure, it&#039;s an arm, yer <u>honour.</u>&quot; (He pronounced it &quot;arrum.&quot;)</p>
<p>&quot;An arm, you goose! Who ever saw one that size? Why, it fills the whole window!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Sure, it does, yer honour? but it&#039;s an arm for all that.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Well, it&#039;s got no business there, at any rate: go and take it away!&quot;</p>
<p>There was a long silence after this, and Alice could only hear whispers now and then; such as, &quot;Sure, I don&#039;t like it, yer honour, at all, at all!&quot; &quot;Do as I tell you, you coward!&quot; and at last she spread out her hand again, and made another snatch in the air. This time there were <em>two</em> little shrieks, and more sounds of broken glass. &quot;What a number of cucumber-frames there must be!&quot; thought Alice. &quot;I wonder what they&#039;ll do next! As<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00053" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[42]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_42" title="[42]"></span></span> for pulling me out of the window, I only wish they <em>could!</em> I&#039;m sure <em>I</em> don&#039;t <u>want</u> to stay in here any longer!&quot;</p>
<p>She waited for some time without hearing anything more: at last came a rumbling of little cart-wheels, and the sound of a good many voices all talking together: she made out the words: &quot;Where&#039;s the other ladder?—Why I hadn&#039;t to bring but one; Bill&#039;s got the other—Bill! Fetch it here, lad!—Here, put &#039;em up at this corner—No, tie &#039;em together first—they don&#039;t reach half high enough yet—Oh! they&#039;ll do well enough; don&#039;t be particular—Here, Bill! catch hold of this rope—Will the roof bear?—Mind that loose slate—Oh, it&#039;s coming down! Heads below!&quot; (a loud crash)—&quot;Now, who did that?—It was Bill, I fancy—Who&#039;s to go down the chimney?—Nay, <em>I</em> sha&#039;n&#039;t! <em>You</em> do it!—<em>That</em> I won&#039;t, then! Bill&#039;s to go down—Here, Bill! the master says you&#039;ve to go down the chimney!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Oh! So Bill&#039;s got to come down the chimney, has he?&quot; said Alice to herself. &quot;Why, they seem to put everything upon Bill! I wouldn&#039;t be in Bill&#039;s place for a good<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00054" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[43]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_43" title="[43]"></span></span> deal: this fireplace is narrow, to be sure; but I <em>think</em> I can kick a little!&quot;</p>
<p>She drew her foot as far down the chimney as she could, and waited till she heard a little animal (she couldn&#039;t guess of what sort it was) scratching and scrambling about in the chimney close above her: then, saying to herself &quot;This is Bill,&quot; she gave one sharp kick, and waited to see what would happen next.</p>
<p>The first thing she heard was a general chorus of &quot;There goes Bill!&quot; then the Rabbit&#039;s voice alone—&quot;Catch him, you by the hedge!&quot; then silence, and then another confusion of voices—&quot;Hold up his head—Brandy now—Don&#039;t choke him—How was it, old fellow? What happened to you? Tell us all about it!&quot;</p>
<p>At last came a little feeble, squeaking voice, (&quot;That&#039;s Bill,&quot; thought Alice,) &quot;Well, I hardly know—No more, thank ye; I&#039;m better now—but I&#039;m a deal too flustered to tell you—all I know is, something comes at me like a Jack-in-the-box, and up I goes like a sky-rocket!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;So you did, old fellow!&quot; said the others.</p>
<p>&quot;We must burn the house down!&quot; said<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00055" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[44]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_44" title="[44]"></span></span> the Rabbit&#039;s voice. And Alice called out as loud as she could, &quot;If you do, I&#039;ll set Dinah at you!&quot;</p>
<p>There was a dead silence instantly, and Alice thought to herself &quot;I wonder what they <em>will</em> do next! If they had any sense, they&#039;d take the roof off.&quot; After a minute or two they began moving about again, and Alice heard the Rabbit say &quot;A barrowful will do, to begin with.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;A barrowful of <em>what?</em>&quot; thought Alice. But she had not long to doubt, for the next moment a shower of little pebbles came rattling in at the window, and some of them hit her in the face. &quot;I&#039;ll put a stop to this,&quot; she said to herself, and shouted out &quot;You&#039;d better not do that again!&quot; which produced another dead silence.</p>
<p>Alice noticed with some surprise that the pebbles were all turning into little cakes as they lay on the floor, and a bright idea came into her head. &quot;If I eat one of these cakes,&quot; she thought, &quot;it&#039;s sure to make <em>some</em> change in my size; and, as it can&#039;t possibly make me larger, it must make me smaller, I suppose.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00056" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[45]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_45" title="[45]"></span></span></p>
<p>So she swallowed one of the cakes, and was delighted to find that she began shrinking directly. As soon as she was small enough to get through the door, she ran out of the house, and found quite a crowd of little animals and birds waiting outside. The poor little Lizard, Bill, was in the middle, being held up by two guinea-pigs, who were giving it something out of a bottle. They all made a rush at Alice the moment she appeared; but she ran off as hard as she could, and soon found herself safe in a thick wood.</p>
<p>&quot;The first thing I&#039;ve got to do,&quot; said Alice to herself, as she wandered about in the wood, &quot;is to grow to my right size again; and the second thing is to find my way into that lovely garden. I think that will be the best plan.&quot;</p>
<p>It sounded an excellent plan, no doubt, and very neatly and simply arranged; the only difficulty was, that she had not the smallest idea how to set about it; and, while she was peering about anxiously among the trees, a little sharp bark just over her head made her look up in a great hurry.</p>
<p>An enormous puppy was looking down at her with large round eyes, and feebly stretching<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00057" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[46]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_46" title="[46]"></span></span> out one paw, trying to touch her. &quot;Poor little thing!&quot; said Alice, in a coaxing tone, and she tried hard to whistle to it; but she was terribly frightened all the time at the thought that it might be hungry, in which case it would be very likely to eat her up in spite of all her coaxing.</p>
<p>Hardly knowing what she did, she picked up a little bit of stick, and held it out to the puppy; whereupon the puppy jumped into the air off all its feet at once, with a yelp of delight, and rushed at the stick, and made believe to worry it; then Alice dodged behind a great thistle, to keep herself from being run over; and, the moment she appeared on the other side, the puppy made another rush at the stick, and tumbled head over heels in its hurry to get hold of it; then Alice, thinking it was very like having a game of play with a cart-horse, and expecting every moment to be trampled under its feet, ran round the thistle again; then the puppy began a series of short charges at the stick, running a little way forwards each time and a long way back, and barking hoarsely all the while, till at last it sat down a good way off, panting, with its<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00058" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[47]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_47" title="[47]"></span></span> tongue hanging out of its mouth, and its great eyes half shut.</p>
<p>This seemed to Alice a good opportunity for making her escape; so she set off at once, and ran till she was quite tired and out of breath, and till the puppy&#039;s bark sounded quite faint in the distance.</p>
<p>&quot;And yet what a dear little puppy it was!&quot; said Alice, as she leant against a buttercup to rest herself, and fanned herself with one of the leaves. &quot;I should have liked teaching it tricks very much, if—if I&#039;d only been the right size to do it! Oh, dear! I&#039;d nearly forgotten that I&#039;ve got to grow up again! Let me see—how <em>is</em> it to be managed? I suppose I ought to eat or drink something or other; but the great question is, what?&quot;</p>
<p>The great question certainly was, what? Alice looked all round her at the flowers and the blades of grass, but she could not see anything that looked like the right thing to eat or drink under the circumstances. There was a large mushroom growing near her, about the same height as herself; and, when she had looked under it, and on both sides of it, and behind it, it occurred to her that she might<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00059" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[48]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_48" title="[48]"></span></span> as well look and see what was on the top of it.</p>
<p>She stretched herself up on tiptoe, and peeped over the edge of the mushroom, and her eyes immediately met those of a large blue caterpillar, that was sitting on the top with its arms folded, quietly smoking a long hookah, and taking not the smallest notice of her or of anything else.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00060" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[49]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_49" title="[49]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER V
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Advice from a Caterpillar</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 75px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_t.png" alt="T" id="img_images_t.png_1" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2268" data-pandoc-media-sha1="95bf79f536e8e087ef0b4ddd0dae0f53bdaf81e2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="764f119afa968c8f7404721ee9fa70a98da9f2fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
HE Caterpillar and Alice looked at each other for some time in silence: at last the Caterpillar took the hookah out of its mouth, and addressed her in a languid, sleepy voice.
</div>
<p>&quot;Who are <em>you?</em>&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>This was not an encouraging opening for a conversation. Alice replied, rather shyly, &quot;I hardly know, sir, just at present—at least I know who I <em>was</em> when I got up this morning, but I think I must have been changed several times since then.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;What do you mean by that?&quot; said the Caterpillar sternly. &quot;Explain yourself!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I can&#039;t explain <em>myself</em>, I&#039;m afraid, sir,&quot; said Alice, &quot;because I&#039;m not myself, you see.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t see,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;m afraid I can&#039;t put it more clearly,&quot; Alice replied very politely, &quot;for I can&#039;t understand<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00061" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[50]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_50" title="[50]"></span></span> it myself to begin with; and being so many different sizes in a day is very confusing.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It isn&#039;t,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>&quot;Well, perhaps you haven&#039;t found it so yet,&quot; said Alice, &quot;but when you have to turn into a chrysalis—you will some day, you know—and then after that into a butterfly, I should think you&#039;ll feel it a little queer, won&#039;t you?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Not a bit,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>&quot;Well, perhaps your feelings may be different,&quot; said Alice; &quot;all I know is, it would feel very queer to <em>me</em>.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You!&quot; said the Caterpillar contemptuously. &quot;Who are <em>you?</em>&quot;</p>
<p>Which brought them back again to the beginning of the conversation. Alice felt a little irritated at the Caterpillar&#039;s making such <em>very</em> short remarks, and she drew herself up and said, very gravely, &quot;I think you ought to tell me who <em>you</em> are, first.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Why?&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="Advice from a Caterpillar">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>Advice from a Caterpillar</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" alt="Advice from a Caterpillar" id="img_images_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="73510" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f4a4f48e7eb1a2501ec2069134c1d05ddc90ed3c" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="447c0e6c8b9579c150b1b9e7cbd6618baca9f51a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>Here was another puzzling question; and as Alice could not think of any good reason, and as the Caterpillar seemed to be in a<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00062" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[51]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_51" title="[51]"></span></span> <em>very</em> unpleasant state of mind, she turned away.</p>
<p>&quot;Come back!&quot; the Caterpillar called after her. &quot;I&#039;ve something important to say!&quot;</p>
<p>This sounded promising, certainly: Alice turned and came back again.</p>
<p>&quot;Keep your temper,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>&quot;Is that all?&quot; said Alice, swallowing down her anger as well as she could.</p>
<p>&quot;No,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>Alice thought she might as well wait, as she had nothing else to do, and perhaps after all it might tell her something worth hearing. For some minutes it puffed away without speaking, but at last it unfolded its arms, took the hookah out of its mouth again, and said, &quot;So you think you&#039;re changed, do you?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;m afraid I am, sir,&quot; said Alice; &quot;I can&#039;t remember things as I used—and I don&#039;t keep the same size for ten minutes together!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Can&#039;t remember <em>what</em> things?&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>&quot;Well, I&#039;ve tried to say &#039;<em>How doth the little busy bee</em>,&#039; but it all came different!&quot; Alice replied in a very melancholy voice.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00063" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[52]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_52" title="[52]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;Repeat &#039;<em>You are old, Father William</em>,&#039;&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>Alice folded her hands, and began:—</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;You are old, Father William,&quot; the young man said,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">&quot;And your hair has become very white;</span><br />
And yet you incessantly stand on your head—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Do you think, at your age, it is right?&quot;</span><br />
<br />
&quot;In my youth,&quot; Father William replied to his son,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">&quot;I feared it might injure the brain;</span><br />
But, now that I&#039;m perfectly sure I have none,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Why, I do it again and again.&quot;</span><br />
<br />
&quot;You are old,&quot; said the youth, &quot;as I mentioned before,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And have grown most uncommonly fat;</span><br />
Yet you turned a back-somersault in at the door—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Pray, what is the reason of that?&quot;</span><br />
<br />
&quot;In my youth,&quot; said the sage, as he shook his grey locks,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">&quot;I kept all my limbs very supple</span><br />
By the use of this ointment—one shilling the box—<br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00064" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[53]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_53" title="[53]"></span></span><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Allow me to sell you a couple?&quot;</span><br />
<br />
&quot;You are old,&quot; said the youth, &quot;and your jaws are too weak<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">For anything tougher than suet;</span><br />
Yet you finished the goose, with the bones and the beak—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Pray, how did you manage to do it?&quot;</span><br />
<br />
&quot;In my youth,&quot; said his father, &quot;I took to the law<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And argued each case with my wife;</span><br />
And the muscular strength, which it gave to my jaw,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Has lasted the rest of my life.&quot;</span><br />
<br />
&quot;You are old,&quot; said the youth, &quot;one would hardly suppose<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">That your eye was as steady as ever;</span><br />
Yet you balanced an eel on the end of your nose—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">What made you so awfully clever?&quot;</span><br />
<br />
&quot;I have answered three questions, and that is enough,&quot;<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Said his father; &quot;don&#039;t give yourself airs!</span><br />
Do you think I can listen all day to such stuff?<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Be off, or I&#039;ll kick you down stairs!&quot;</span><br />

</div>
<p>&quot;That is not said right,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>&quot;Not <em>quite</em> right, I&#039;m afraid,&quot; said Alice,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00065" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[54]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_54" title="[54]"></span></span> timidly; &quot;some of the words have got altered.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It is wrong from beginning to end,&quot; said the Caterpillar, decidedly, and there was silence for some minutes.</p>
<p>The Caterpillar was the first to speak.</p>
<p>&quot;What size do you want to be?&quot; it asked.</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, I&#039;m not particular as to size,&quot; Alice hastily replied; &quot;only one doesn&#039;t like changing so often, you know.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I <em>don&#039;t</em> know,&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>Alice said nothing: she had never been so much contradicted in all her life before, and she felt that she was losing her temper.</p>
<p>&quot;Are you content now?&quot; said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>&quot;Well, I should like to be a <em>little</em> larger, sir, if you wouldn&#039;t mind,&quot; said Alice: &quot;three inches is such a wretched height to be.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It is a very good height indeed!&quot; said the Caterpillar angrily, rearing itself upright as it spoke (it was exactly three inches high).</p>
<p>&quot;But I&#039;m not used to it!&quot; pleaded poor Alice in a piteous tone. And she thought to herself, &quot;I wish the creatures wouldn&#039;t be so easily offended!&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00066" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[55]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_55" title="[55]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;You&#039;ll get used to it in time,&quot; said the Caterpillar; and it put its hookah into its mouth and began smoking again.</p>
<p>This time Alice waited patiently until it chose to speak again. In a minute or two the Caterpillar took the hookah out of its mouth and yawned once or twice, and shook itself. Then it got down off the mushroom, and crawled away into the grass, merely remarking as it went, &quot;One side will make you grow taller, and the other side will make you grow shorter.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;One side of <em>what?</em> The other side of <em>what?</em>&quot; thought Alice to herself.</p>
<p>&quot;Of the mushroom,&quot; said the Caterpillar, just as if she had asked it aloud; and in another moment it was out of sight.</p>
<p>Alice remained looking thoughtfully at the mushroom for a minute, trying to make out which were the two sides of it; and as it was perfectly round, she found this a very difficult question. However, at last she stretched her arms round it as far as they would go, and broke off a bit of the edge with each hand.</p>
<p>&quot;And now which is which?&quot; she said to<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00067" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[56]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_56" title="[56]"></span></span> herself, and nibbled a little of the right-hand bit to try the effect: the next moment she felt a violent blow underneath her chin: it had struck her foot!</p>
<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" alt="She was frightened" id="img_images_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="16032" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f9ebb3dee5c8bc1edccb4e73131942383889efc2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="05180d8ef433b2c8602d05b7c0d3ed33050b727c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p>She was a good deal frightened by this very sudden change, but she felt that there was no time to be lost, as she was shrinking rapidly; so she set to work at once to eat some of the other bit. Her chin was pressed so closely against her foot that there was hardly room to open her mouth; but she did it at last, and managed to swallow a morsel of the left-hand bit.</p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00068" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[57]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_57" title="[57]"></span></span></p>
<hr />
<p>&quot;Come, my head&#039;s free at last!&quot; said Alice in a tone of delight, which changed into alarm in another moment, when she found that her shoulders were nowhere to be found: all she could see, when she looked down, was an immense length of neck, which seemed to rise like a stalk out of a sea of green leaves that lay far below her.</p>
<p>&quot;What <em>can</em> all that green stuff be?&quot; said Alice. &quot;And where have my shoulders got to? And oh, my poor hands, how is it I ca&#039;n&#039;t see you?&quot; She was moving them about as she spoke, but no result seemed to follow, except a little shaking among the distant green leaves.</p>
<p>As there seemed to be no chance of getting her hands up to her head, she tried to get her head down to them, and was delighted to find that her neck would bend about easily in any direction, like a serpent. She had just succeeded in curving it down into a graceful zigzag, and was going to dive in among the leaves, which she found to be nothing but the tops of the trees under which she had been wandering, when a sharp hiss made her draw back in a hurry: a large<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00069" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[58]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_58" title="[58]"></span></span> pigeon had flown into her face, and was beating her violently with its wings.</p>
<p>&quot;Serpent!&quot; screamed the Pigeon.</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;m <em>not</em> a serpent!&quot; said Alice indignantly. &quot;Let me alone!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Serpent, I say again!&quot; repeated the Pigeon, but in a more subdued tone, and added with a kind of a sob, &quot;I&#039;ve tried every way, and nothing seems to suit them!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I haven&#039;t the least idea what you&#039;re talking about,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;ve tried the roots of trees, and I&#039;ve tried banks, and I&#039;ve tried hedges,&quot; the Pigeon went on, without attending to her; &quot;but those serpents! There&#039;s no pleasing them!&quot;</p>
<p>Alice was more and more puzzled, but she thought there was no use in saying anything more till the Pigeon had finished.</p>
<p>&quot;As if it wasn&#039;t trouble enough hatching the eggs,&quot; said the Pigeon; &quot;but I must be on the look-out for serpents night and day! Why, I haven&#039;t had a wink of sleep these three weeks!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;m very sorry you&#039;ve been annoyed,&quot; said Alice, who was beginning to see its meaning.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00070" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[59]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_59" title="[59]"></span></span></p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 332px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" alt="As a tree" id="img_images_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="70943" data-pandoc-media-sha1="0aa95390540fe7c6d0c5d5896539e7b663bdbc56" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="014dc26a3a45b8b16673cc801af3e4c67f1b2646" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00071" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[61]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_61" title="[61]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;And just as I&#039;d taken the highest tree in the wood,&quot; continued the Pigeon, raising its voice to a shriek, &quot;and just as I was thinking I should be free of them at last, they must needs come wriggling down from the sky! Ugh, Serpent!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;But I&#039;m <em>not</em> a serpent, I tell you!&quot; said Alice. &quot;I&#039;m a—— I&#039;m a ——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Well! <em>What</em> are you?&quot; said the Pigeon. &quot;I can see you&#039;re trying to invent something!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I—I&#039;m a little girl,&quot; said Alice, rather doubtfully, as she remembered the number of changes she had gone through that day.</p>
<p>&quot;A likely story indeed!&quot; said the Pigeon in a tone of the deepest contempt. &quot;I&#039;ve seen a good many little girls in my time, but never <em>one</em> with such a neck as that! No, no! You&#039;re a serpent; and there&#039;s no use denying it. I suppose you&#039;ll be telling me next that you never tasted an egg!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I <em>have</em> tasted eggs, certainly,&quot; said Alice, who was a very truthful child; &quot;but little girls eat eggs quite as much as serpents do, you know.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t believe it,&quot; said the Pigeon; &quot;but<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00072" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[62]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_62" title="[62]"></span></span> if they do, why then they&#039;re a kind of serpent, that&#039;s all I can say.&quot;</p>
<p>This was such a new idea to Alice, that she was quite silent for a minute or two, which gave the Pigeon the opportunity of adding, &quot;You&#039;re looking for eggs, I know <em>that</em> well enough; and what does it matter to me whether you&#039;re a little girl or a serpent?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It matters a good deal to <em>me</em>,&quot; said Alice hastily; &quot;but I&#039;m not looking for eggs, as it happens; and if I was, I shouldn&#039;t want <em>yours:</em> I don&#039;t like them raw.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Well, be off, then!&quot; said the Pigeon in a sulky tone, as it settled down again into its nest. Alice crouched down among the trees as well as she could, for her neck kept getting entangled among the branches, and every now and then she had to stop and untwist it. After a while she remembered that she still held the pieces of mushroom in her hands, and she set to work very carefully, nibbling first at one and then at the other, and growing sometimes taller and sometimes shorter, until she had succeeded in bringing herself down to her usual height.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00073" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[63]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_63" title="[63]"></span></span></p>
<p>It was so long since she had been anything near the right size, that it felt quite strange at first; but she got used to it in a few minutes, and began talking to herself, as usual. &quot;Come, there&#039;s half my plan done now! How puzzling all these changes are! I&#039;m never sure what I&#039;m going to be, from one minute to another! However, I&#039;ve got back to my right size: the next thing is, to get into that beautiful garden—how <em>is</em> that to be done, I wonder?&quot; As she said this, she came suddenly upon an open place, with a little house in it about four feet high. &quot;Whoever lives there,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;it&#039;ll never do to come upon them <em>this</em> size: why, I should frighten them out of their wits!&quot; So she began nibbling at the right-hand bit again, and did not venture to go near the house till she had brought herself down to nine inches high.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00074" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[64]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_64" title="[64]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER VI
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Pig and Pepper</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 74px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_f.png" alt="F" id="img_images_f.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2091" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5b916cf1503bac35b7d2b22e5833d87321c34c91" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_f.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0242ab7f609108b32efbeebf1860a273dbeb69a0" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
OR a minute or two she stood looking at the house, and wondering what to do next, when suddenly a footman in livery came running out of the wood—(she considered him to be a footman because he was in livery: otherwise, judging by his face only, she would have called him a fish)—and rapped loudly at the door with his knuckles. It was opened by another footman in livery, with a round face and large eyes like a frog; and both footmen, Alice noticed, had powdered hair that curled all over their heads. She felt very curious to know what it was all about, and crept a little way out of the wood to listen.
</div>
<p>The Fish-Footman began by producing from under his arm a great letter, nearly as large as himself, and this he handed over to the other, saying, in a solemn tone, &quot;For<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00075" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[65]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_65" title="[65]"></span></span> the Duchess. An invitation from the Queen to play croquet.&quot; The Frog-Footman repeated, in the same solemn tone, only changing the order of the words a little, &quot;From the Queen. An invitation for the Duchess to play croquet.&quot;</p>
<p>Then they both bowed low, and their curls got entangled together.</p>
<p>Alice laughed so much at this, that she had to run back into the wood for fear of their hearing her; and, when she next peeped out, the Fish-Footman was gone, and the other was sitting on the ground near the door, staring stupidly up into the sky.</p>
<p>Alice went timidly up to the door and knocked.</p>
<p>&quot;There&#039;s no use in knocking,&quot; said the Footman, &quot;and that for two reasons. First, because I&#039;m on the same side of the door as you are; secondly, because they&#039;re making such a noise inside, no one could possibly hear you.&quot; And certainly there was a most extraordinary noise going on within—a constant howling and sneezing, and every now and then a great crash, as if a dish or kettle had been broken to pieces.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00076" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[66]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_66" title="[66]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;Please, then,&quot; said Alice, &quot;how am I to get in?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;There might be some sense in your knocking,&quot; the Footman went on without attending to her, &quot;if we had the door between us. For instance, if you were <em>inside</em>, you might knock, and I could let you out, you know.&quot; He was looking up into the sky all the time he was speaking, and this Alice thought decidedly uncivil. &quot;But perhaps he can&#039;t help it,&quot; she said to herself: &quot;his eyes are so <em>very</em> nearly at the top of his head. But at any rate he might answer questions. How am I to get in?&quot; she repeated aloud.</p>
<p>&quot;I shall sit here,&quot; the Footman remarked, &quot;till to-morrow——<u>&quot;</u></p>
<p>At this moment the door of the house opened, and a large plate came skimming out, straight at the Footman&#039;s head: it just grazed his nose, and broke to pieces against one of the trees behind him.</p>
<p>&quot;——or next day, maybe,&quot; the Footman continued in the same tone, exactly as if nothing had happened.</p>
<p>&quot;How am I to get in?&quot; asked Alice again in a louder tone.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00077" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[67]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_67" title="[67]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;<em>Are</em> you to get in at all?&quot; said the Footman. &quot;That&#039;s the first question, you know.&quot;</p>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 351px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" alt="The Footman and Alice" id="img_images_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="22904" data-pandoc-media-sha1="16ac6c9c91de090b4f079006fb8b7473066ae9c4" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="48cdf0024cce0d8c25c407dd33599b4ee504426d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p>It was, no doubt: only Alice did not like to be told so. &quot;It&#039;s really dreadful,&quot; she muttered to herself, &quot;the way all the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00078" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[68]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_68" title="[68]"></span></span> creatures argue. It&#039;s enough to drive one crazy!&quot;</p>
<p>The Footman seemed to consider this a good opportunity for repeating his remark, with variations. &quot;I shall sit here,&quot; he said, &quot;on and off, for days and days.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;But what am <em>I</em> to do?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Anything you like,&quot; said the Footman, and began whistling.</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, there&#039;s no use in talking to him,&quot; said Alice desperately: &quot;he&#039;s perfectly idiotic!&quot; And she opened the door and went in.</p>
<p>The door led right into a large kitchen, which was full of smoke from one end to the other: the Duchess was sitting on a three-legged stool in the middle, nursing a baby, the cook was leaning over the fire, stirring a large cauldron which seemed to be full of soup.</p>
<p>&quot;There&#039;s certainly too much pepper in that soup!&quot; Alice said to herself, as well as she could for sneezing.</p>
<p>There was certainly too much of it in the air. Even the Duchess sneezed occasionally; and the baby was sneezing and howling alternately<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00079" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[69]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_69" title="[69]"></span></span> without a moment&#039;s pause. The only things in the kitchen that did not sneeze, were the cook, and a large cat which was sitting on the hearth and grinning from ear to ear.</p>
<p>&quot;Please would you tell me,&quot; said Alice a little timidly, for she was not quite sure whether it was good manners for her to speak first, &quot;why your cat grins like that?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It&#039;s a Cheshire <u>cat,&quot;</u> said the Duchess, &quot;and that&#039;s why. Pig!&quot;</p>
<p>She said the last word with such sudden violence that Alice quite jumped; but she saw in another moment that it was addressed to the baby, and not to her, so she took courage, and went on again:</p>
<p>&quot;I didn&#039;t know that Cheshire cats always grinned; in fact, I didn&#039;t know that cats <em>could</em> grin.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;They all can,&quot; said the Duchess; &quot;and most of &#039;em do.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t know of any that do,&quot; Alice said very politely, feeling quite pleased to have got into a conversation.</p>
<p>&quot;You don&#039;t know much,&quot; said the Duchess; &quot;and that&#039;s a fact.&quot;</p>
<p>Alice did not at all like the tone of this<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00080" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[70]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_70" title="[70]"></span></span> remark, and thought it would be as well to introduce some other subject of conversation. While she was trying to fix on one, the cook took the cauldron of soup off the fire, and at once set to work throwing everything within her reach at the Duchess and the baby—the fire-irons came first; then followed a shower of saucepans, plates, and dishes. The Duchess took no notice of them even when they hit her; and the baby was howling so much already, that it was quite impossible to say whether the blows hurt it or not.</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, <em>please</em> mind what you&#039;re doing!&quot; cried Alice, jumping up and down in an agony of terror. &quot;Oh, there goes his <em>precious</em> nose&quot;; as an unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and very nearly carried it off.</p>
<p>&quot;If everybody minded their own business,&quot; the Duchess said in a hoarse growl, &quot;the world would go round a deal faster than it does.&quot;</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="An unusually large saucepan flew close by it">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>An unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and very nearly carried it off</em><br />
</td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" alt="An unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and very nearly carried it off" id="img_images_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="82081" data-pandoc-media-sha1="0c6e82b77d047a8e09740804f28f81f6a95ae171" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="eed0325453f298c5e89d8cf4a2ade60169fc38fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>&quot;Which would <em>not</em> be an advantage,&quot; said Alice, who felt very glad to get an opportunity of showing off a little of her knowledge. &quot;Just think what work it would make with the day and night! You see the earth takes<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00081" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[71]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_71" title="[71]"></span></span> twenty-four hours to turn round on its axis——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Talking of axes,&quot; said the Duchess, &quot;chop off her head.&quot;</p>
<p>Alice glanced rather anxiously at the cook, to see if she meant to take the hint; but the cook was busily engaged in stirring the soup, and did not seem to be listening, so she ventured to go on again: &quot;Twenty-four hours, I <em>think;</em> or is it twelve? I——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, don&#039;t bother <em>me</em>,&quot; said the Duchess; &quot;I never could abide figures!&quot; And with that she began nursing her child again, singing a sort of lullaby to it as she did so, and giving it a violent shake at the end of every line:</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;Speak roughly to your little boy,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And beat him when he sneezes:</span><br />
He only does it to annoy,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Because he knows it teases.&quot;</span><br />

</div>
<div class="center">
<br />
<span class="smcap">Chorus</span><br />
(In which the cook and the baby joined):<br />
&quot;Wow! wow! wow!&quot;<br />

</div>
<p>While the Duchess sang the second verse of the song, she kept tossing the baby violently<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00082" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[72]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_72" title="[72]"></span></span> up and down, and the poor little thing howled so, that Alice could hardly hear the words:</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;I speak severely to my boy,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">I beat him when he sneezes;</span><br />
For he can thoroughly enjoy<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">The pepper when he pleases!&quot;</span><br />

</div>
<div class="center">
<br />
<span class="smcap">Chorus.</span><br />
&quot;Wow! wow! wow!&quot;<br />

</div>
<p>&quot;Here! you may nurse it a bit if you like!&quot; the Duchess said to Alice, flinging the baby at her as she spoke. &quot;I must go and get ready to play croquet with the Queen,&quot; and she hurried out of the room. The cook threw a frying-pan after her as she went out, but it just missed her.</p>
<p>Alice caught the baby with some difficulty, as it was a queer-shaped little creature, and held out its arms and legs in all directions, &quot;just like a star-fish,&quot; thought Alice. The poor little thing was snorting like a steam-engine when she caught it, and kept doubling itself up and straightening itself out again, so that altogether, for the first minute or two, it was as much as she could do to hold it.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00083" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[73]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_73" title="[73]"></span></span></p>
<p>As soon as she had made out the proper way of nursing it, (which was to twist it up into a knot, and then keep tight hold of its right ear and left foot, so as to prevent its undoing itself,) she carried it out into the open air. &quot;If I don&#039;t take this child away with me,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;they&#039;re sure to kill it in a day or two: wouldn&#039;t it be murder to leave it behind?&quot; She said the last words out loud, and the little thing grunted in reply (it had left off sneezing by this time). &quot;Don&#039;t grunt,&quot; said Alice; &quot;that&#039;s not at all a proper way of expressing yourself.&quot;</p>
<p>The baby grunted again, and Alice looked very anxiously into its face to see what was the matter with it. There could be no doubt that it had a <em>very</em> turn-up nose, much more like a snout than a real nose; also its eyes were getting extremely small for a baby: altogether Alice did not like the look of the thing at all. &quot;But perhaps it was only sobbing,&quot; she thought, and looked into its eyes again, to see if there were any tears.</p>
<p>No, there were no tears. &quot;If you&#039;re going to turn into a pig, my dear,&quot; said Alice, seriously, &quot;I&#039;ll have nothing more to do<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00084" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[74]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_74" title="[74]"></span></span> with you. Mind now!&quot; The poor little thing sobbed again (or grunted, it was impossible to say which), and they went on for some while in silence.</p>
<p>Alice was just beginning to think to herself, &quot;Now, what am I to do with this creature when I get it home?&quot; when it grunted again, so violently, that she looked down into its face in some alarm. This time there could be <em>no</em> mistake about it: it was neither more nor less than a pig, and she felt that it would be quite absurd for her to carry it any further.</p>
<p>So she set the little creature down, and felt quite relieved to see it trot quietly away into the wood. &quot;If it had grown up,&quot; she said to herself, &quot;it would have made a dreadfully ugly child: but it makes rather a handsome pig, I think.&quot; And she began thinking over other children she knew, who might do very well as pigs, and was just saying to herself, &quot;if one only knew the right way to change them——&quot; when she was a little startled by seeing the Cheshire Cat sitting on a bough of a tree a few yards off.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="It grunted again so violently">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>It grunted again so violently that she looked down into its face in some alarm</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" alt="It grunted again so violently that she looked down into its face in some alarm" id="img_images_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="64694" data-pandoc-media-sha1="40696911aa0de307947f6d4f3b29563a2c8554d2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="f7fa303fd709e8210bd24805642acda22d16ba99" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>The Cat only grinned when it saw Alice.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00085" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[75]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_75" title="[75]"></span></span> It looked good-natured, she thought: still it had <em>very</em> long claws and a great many teeth, so she felt that it ought to be treated with respect.</p>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" alt="Cheshire cat in a tree" id="img_images_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="18161" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bcf6c940b5797a2d4da8079fc5643fc5eebfb78a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="d61ac1becb65c634be80ca627d692c3622dc55cf" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p>&quot;Cheshire Puss,&quot; she began, rather timidly, as she did not at all know whether it would like the name: however, it only grinned a little wider. &quot;Come, it&#039;s pleased so far,&quot; thought Alice, and she went on. &quot;Would you tell me, please, which way I ought to go from here?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;That depends a good deal on where you want to get to,&quot; said the Cat.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00086" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[76]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_76" title="[76]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t much care where——&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Then it doesn&#039;t matter which way you go,&quot; said the Cat.</p>
<p>&quot;—— so long as I get <em>somewhere</em>,&quot; Alice added as an explanation.</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, you&#039;re sure to do that,&quot; said the Cat, &quot;if you only walk long enough.&quot;</p>
<p>Alice felt that this could not be denied, so she tried another question. &quot;What sort of people live about here?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;In <em>that</em> direction,&quot; the Cat said, waving its right paw round, &quot;lives a Hatter: and in <em>that</em> direction,&quot; waving the other paw, &quot;lives a March Hare. Visit either you like: they&#039;re both mad.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;But I don&#039;t want to go among mad people,&quot; Alice remarked.</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, you ca&#039;n&#039;t help that,&quot; said the Cat: &quot;we&#039;re all mad here. I&#039;m mad. You&#039;re mad.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;How do you know I&#039;m mad?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;You must be,&quot; said the Cat, &quot;or you wouldn&#039;t have come here.&quot;</p>
<p>Alice didn&#039;t think that proved it at all; however, she went on. &quot;And how do you know that you&#039;re mad?&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00087" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[77]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_77" title="[77]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;To begin with,&quot; said the Cat, &quot;a dog&#039;s not mad. You grant that?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I suppose so,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Well, then,&quot; the Cat went on, &quot;you see a dog growls when it&#039;s angry, and wags its tail when it&#039;s pleased. Now <em>I</em> growl when I&#039;m pleased, and wag my tail when I&#039;m angry. Therefore I&#039;m mad.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;<em>I</em> call it purring, not growling,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Call it what you like,&quot; said the Cat. &quot;Do you play croquet with the Queen to-day?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I should like it very much,&quot; said Alice, &quot;but I haven&#039;t been invited yet.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You&#039;ll see me there,&quot; said the Cat and vanished.</p>
<p>Alice was not much surprised at this, she was getting so used to queer things happening. While she was looking at the place where it had been, it suddenly appeared again.</p>
<p>&quot;By-the-bye, what became of the baby?&quot; said the Cat. &quot;I&#039;d nearly forgotten to ask.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It turned into a pig,&quot; Alice quietly said, just as if it had come back in a natural way.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00088" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[78]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_78" title="[78]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;I thought it would,&quot; said the Cat, and vanished again.</p>
<p>Alice waited a little, half expecting to see it again, but it did not appear, and after a minute or two she walked on in the direction in which the March Hare was said to live. &quot;I&#039;ve seen hatters before,&quot; she said to herself; &quot;the March Hare will be much the most interesting, and perhaps as this is May, it won&#039;t be raving mad—at least not so mad as it was in March.&quot; As she said this, she looked up, and there was the Cat again, sitting on the branch of a tree.</p>
<p>&quot;Did you say pig, or fig?&quot; said the Cat.</p>
<p>&quot;I said pig,&quot; replied Alice; &quot;and I wish you wouldn&#039;t keep appearing and vanishing so suddenly: you make one quite giddy.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;All right,&quot; said the Cat; and this time it vanished quite slowly, beginning with the end of the tail, and ending with the grin, which remained some time after the rest of it had gone.</p>
<p>&quot;Well! I&#039;ve often seen a cat without a grin,&quot; thought Alice; &quot;but a grin without a cat! It&#039;s the most curious thing I ever saw in all my life.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00089" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[79]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_79" title="[79]"></span></span></p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 372px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" alt="Cheshire cat again" id="img_images_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="42350" data-pandoc-media-sha1="90976bfeab8ec0ec6c121a9af08f28b3af63a47d" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="cc0a1f64201a33f4f9fd81f6fa906d75cf139679" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00090" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[81]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_81" title="[81]"></span></span></p>
<p>She had not gone much farther before she came in sight of the house of the March Hare: she thought it must be the right house, because the chimneys were shaped like ears and the roof was thatched with fur. It was so large a house, that she did not like to go nearer till she had nibbled some more of the left-hand bit of mushroom, and raised herself, to about two feet high: even then she walked up towards it rather timidly, saying to herself, &quot;Suppose it should be raving mad after all! I almost wish I&#039;d gone to see the Hatter instead!&quot;</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00091" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[82]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_82" title="[82]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER VII
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>A Mad Tea-party</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 75px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_t.png" alt="T" id="img_images_t.png_2" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2268" data-pandoc-media-sha1="95bf79f536e8e087ef0b4ddd0dae0f53bdaf81e2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="764f119afa968c8f7404721ee9fa70a98da9f2fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
HERE was a table set out under a tree in front of the house, and the March Hare and the Hatter were having tea at it: a Dormouse was sitting between them, fast asleep, and the other two were using it as a cushion resting their elbows on it, and talking over its head. &quot;Very uncomfortable for the Dormouse,&quot; thought Alice; &quot;only as it&#039;s asleep, suppose it doesn&#039;t mind.&quot;
</div>
<p>The table was a large one, but the three were all crowded together at one corner of it. &quot;No room! No room!&quot; they cried out when they saw Alice coming.</p>
<p>&quot;There&#039;s <em>plenty</em> of room!&quot; said Alice indignantly, and she sat down in a large arm-chair at one end of the table.</p>
<p>&quot;Have some wine,&quot; the March Hare said in an encouraging tone.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00092" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[83]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_83" title="[83]"></span></span></p>
<p>Alice looked all round the table, but there was nothing on it but tea. &quot;I don&#039;t see any wine,&quot; she remarked.</p>
<p>&quot;There isn&#039;t any,&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<p>&quot;Then it wasn&#039;t very civil of you to offer it,&quot; said Alice angrily.</p>
<p>&quot;It wasn&#039;t very civil of you to sit down without being invited,&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<p>&quot;I didn&#039;t know it was <em>your</em> table,&quot; said Alice; &quot;it&#039;s laid for a great many more than three.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Your hair wants cutting,&quot; said the Hatter. He had been looking at Alice for some time with great curiosity, and this was his first speech.</p>
<p>&quot;You should learn not to make personal remarks,&quot; Alice said with some severity; &quot;it&#039;s very rude.&quot;</p>
<p>The Hatter opened his eyes very wide on hearing this; but all he <em>said</em> was &quot;Why is a raven like a writing-desk?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Come, we shall have some fun now!&quot; thought Alice. &quot;I&#039;m glad they&#039;ve begun asking riddles.—I believe I can guess that,&quot; she added aloud.</p>
<p>&quot;Do you mean that you think you can<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00093" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[84]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_84" title="[84]"></span></span> find out the answer to it?&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<p>&quot;Exactly so,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Then you should say what you mean,&quot; the March Hare went on.</p>
<p>&quot;I do,&quot; Alice hastily replied; &quot;at least—at least I mean what I say—that&#039;s the same thing, you know.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Not the same thing a bit!&quot; said the Hatter. &quot;Why, you might just as well say that &#039;I see what I eat&#039; is the same thing as &#039;I eat what I see&#039;!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You might just as well say,&quot; added the March Hare, &quot;that &#039;I like what I get&#039; is the same thing as &#039;I get what I like&#039;!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You might just as well say,&quot; added the Dormouse, which seemed to be talking in his sleep, &quot;that &#039;I breathe when I sleep&#039; is the same thing as &#039;I sleep when I breathe&#039;!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It <em>is</em> the same thing with you,&quot; said the Hatter; and here the conversation dropped, and the party sat silent for a minute, while Alice thought over all she could remember about ravens and writing-desks, which wasn&#039;t much.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="A Mad Tea Party">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>A Mad Tea Party</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" alt="A Mad Tea Party" id="img_images_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="67990" data-pandoc-media-sha1="9262ba5192034492cea63643ba827dbe0c331730" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="4ed365e21d0ce8cfb08229140041ebcdf5617f98" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>The Hatter was the first to break the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00094" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[85]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_85" title="[85]"></span></span> silence. &quot;What day of the month is it?&quot; he said, turning to Alice: he had taken his watch out of his pocket, and was looking at it uneasily, shaking it every now and then, and holding it to his ear.</p>
<p>Alice considered a little, and then said &quot;The fourth.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Two days wrong!&quot; sighed the Hatter. &quot;I told you butter would not suit the works!&quot; he added, looking angrily at the March Hare.</p>
<p>&quot;It was the <em>best</em> butter,&quot; the March Hare meekly replied.</p>
<p>&quot;Yes, but some crumbs must have got in as well,&quot; the Hatter grumbled: &quot;you shouldn&#039;t have put it in with the bread-knife.&quot;</p>
<p>The March Hare took the watch and looked at it gloomily: then he dipped it into his cup of tea, and looked at it again: but he could think of nothing better to say than his first remark, &quot;It was the <em>best</em> butter, you know.&quot;</p>
<p>Alice had been looking over his shoulder with some curiosity. &quot;What a funny watch!&quot; she remarked. &quot;It tells the day of the month, and doesn&#039;t tell what o&#039;clock it is!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Why should it?&quot; muttered the Hatter. &quot;Does <em>your</em> watch tell you what year it is?&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00095" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[86]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_86" title="[86]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;Of course not,&quot; Alice replied very readily: &quot;but that&#039;s because it stays the same year for such a long time together.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Which is just the case with <em>mine</em>,&quot; said the Hatter.</p>
<p>Alice felt dreadfully puzzled. The Hatter&#039;s remark seemed to have no meaning in it, and yet it was certainly English. &quot;I don&#039;t quite understand,&quot; she said, as politely as she could.</p>
<p>&quot;The Dormouse is asleep again,&quot; said the Hatter, and he poured a little hot tea upon its nose.</p>
<p>The Dormouse shook its head impatiently, and said, without opening its eyes, &quot;Of course, of course; just what I was going to remark myself.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Have you guessed the riddle yet?&quot; the Hatter said, turning to Alice again.</p>
<p>&quot;No, I give it up,&quot; Alice replied: &quot;what&#039;s the answer?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I haven&#039;t the slightest idea,&quot; said the Hatter.</p>
<p>&quot;Nor I,&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<p>Alice sighed wearily. &quot;I think you might do something better with the time,&quot; she said,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00096" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[87]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_87" title="[87]"></span></span> &quot;than wasting it asking riddles with no answers.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;If you knew Time as well as I do,&quot; said the Hatter, &quot;you wouldn&#039;t talk about wasting <em>it</em>. It&#039;s <em>him</em>.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t know what you mean,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Of course you don&#039;t!&quot; the Hatter said, tossing his head contemptuously. &quot;I daresay you never spoke to Time!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Perhaps not,&quot; Alice cautiously replied: &quot;but I know I have to beat time when I learn music.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Ah! that accounts for it,&quot; said the Hatter. &quot;He won&#039;t stand beating. Now, if you only kept on good terms with him, he&#039;d do almost anything you liked with the clock. For instance, suppose it were nine o&#039;clock in the morning, just time to begin lessons: you&#039;d only have to whisper a hint to Time, and round goes the clock in a twinkling! Half-past one, time for dinner!&quot;</p>
<p>(&quot;I only wish it was,&quot; the March Hare said to itself in a whisper.)</p>
<p>&quot;That would be grand, certainly,&quot; said Alice thoughtfully: &quot;but then—I shouldn&#039;t be hungry for it, you know.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00097" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[88]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_88" title="[88]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;Not at first, perhaps,&quot; said the Hatter: &quot;but you could keep it to half-past one as long as you liked.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Is that the way <em>you</em> manage?&quot; Alice asked.</p>
<p>The Hatter shook his head mournfully. &quot;Not I!&quot; he replied. &quot;We quarrelled last March——just before <em>he</em> went mad, you know——&quot; (pointing with his teaspoon to the March Hare), &quot;it was at the great concert given by the Queen of Hearts, and I had to sing</p>
<div class="poem">
&#039;Twinkle, twinkle, little bat!<br />
How I wonder what you&#039;re at!&#039;<br />

</div>
<div class="unindent">
You know that song, perhaps?&quot;
</div>
<p>&quot;I&#039;ve heard something like it,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;It goes on, you know,&quot; the Hatter continued, &quot;in this way:—</p>
<div class="poem">
&#039;Up above the world you fly,<br />
Like a tea-tray in the sky.<br />
<span style="margin-left: 6em;">Twinkle, twinkle——&#039;&quot;</span><br />

</div>
<p>Here the Dormouse shook itself, and began singing in its sleep &quot;<em>Twinkle, twinkle, twinkle, twinkle</em>——&quot; and went on so long that they had to pinch it to make it stop.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00098" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[89]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_89" title="[89]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;Well, I&#039;d hardly finished the first verse,&quot; said the Hatter, &quot;when the Queen jumped up and bawled out &#039;He&#039;s murdering the time! Off with his head!&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;How dreadfully savage!&quot; exclaimed Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;And ever since that,&quot; the Hatter went on in a mournful tone, &quot;he won&#039;t do a thing I ask! It&#039;s always six o&#039;clock now.&quot;</p>
<p>A bright idea came into Alice&#039;s head. &quot;Is that the reason so many tea-things are put out here?&quot; she asked.</p>
<p>&quot;Yes, that&#039;s it,&quot; said the Hatter with a sigh: &quot;it&#039;s always tea-time, and we&#039;ve no time to wash the things between whiles.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Then you keep moving round, I suppose?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Exactly so,&quot; said the Hatter: &quot;as the things get used up.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;But what happens when you come to the beginning again?&quot; Alice ventured to ask.</p>
<p>&quot;Suppose we change the subject,&quot; the March Hare interrupted, yawning. &quot;I&#039;m getting tired of this. I vote the young lady tells us a story.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00099" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[90]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_90" title="[90]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;m afraid I don&#039;t know one,&quot; said Alice, rather alarmed at the proposal.</p>
<p>&quot;Then the Dormouse shall!&quot; they both cried. &quot;Wake up, Dormouse!&quot; And they pinched it on both sides at once.</p>
<p>The Dormouse slowly opened his eyes. &quot;I wasn&#039;t asleep,&quot; he said in a hoarse, feeble voice: &quot;I heard every word you fellows were saying.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Tell us a story!&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<p>&quot;Yes, please do!&quot; pleaded Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;And be quick about it,&quot; added the Hatter, &quot;or you&#039;ll be asleep again before it&#039;s done.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Once upon a time there were three little sisters,&quot; the Dormouse began in a great hurry; &quot;and their names were Elsie, Lacie, and Tillie; and they lived at the bottom of a well——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;What did they live on?&quot; said Alice, who always took a great interest in questions of eating and drinking.</p>
<p>&quot;They lived on treacle,&quot; said the Dormouse, after thinking a minute or two.</p>
<p>&quot;They couldn&#039;t have done that, you know,&quot; Alice gently remarked; &quot;they&#039;d have been ill.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00100" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[91]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_91" title="[91]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;So they were,&quot; said the Dormouse; &quot;<em>very</em> ill.&quot;</p>
<p>Alice tried a little to fancy to herself what such an extraordinary way of living would be like, but it puzzled her too much, so she went on: &quot;But why did they live at the bottom of a well?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Take some more tea,&quot; the March Hare said to Alice, very earnestly.</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;ve had nothing yet,&quot; Alice replied in an offended tone, &quot;so I can&#039;t take more.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You mean you can&#039;t take <em>less</em>,&quot; said the Hatter; &quot;it&#039;s very easy to take <em>more</em> than nothing.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Nobody asked <em>your</em> opinion,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Who&#039;s making personal remarks now?&quot; the Hatter asked triumphantly.</p>
<p>Alice did not quite know what to say to this: so she helped herself to some tea and bread-and-butter, and then turned to the Dormouse, and repeated her question. &quot;Why did they live at the bottom of a well?&quot;</p>
<p>The Dormouse again took a minute or two <u>to</u> think about it, and then said, &quot;It was a treacle-well.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;There&#039;s no such thing!&quot; Alice was beginning<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00101" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[92]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_92" title="[92]"></span></span> very angrily, but the Hatter and the March Hare went &quot;Sh! sh!&quot; and the Dormouse sulkily remarked: &quot;If you can&#039;t be civil, you&#039;d better finish the story for yourself.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;No, please go on!&quot; Alice said very humbly. &quot;I won&#039;t interrupt you again. I dare say there may be <em>one</em>.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;One, indeed!&quot; said the Dormouse indignantly. However, he consented to go on. &quot;And so these three little sisters—they were learning to draw, you know——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;What did they draw?&quot; said Alice, quite forgetting her promise.</p>
<p>&quot;Treacle,&quot; said the Dormouse, without considering at all this time.</p>
<p>&quot;I want a clean cup,&quot; interrupted the Hatter: &quot;let&#039;s all move one place on.&quot;</p>
<p>He moved as he spoke, and the Dormouse followed him: the March Hare moved into the Dormouse&#039;s place, and Alice rather unwillingly took the place of the March Hare. The Hatter was the only one who got any advantage from the change: and Alice was a good deal worse off than before, as the March Hare had just upset the milk-jug into his plate.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00102" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[93]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_93" title="[93]"></span></span></p>
<p>Alice did not wish to offend the Dormouse again, so she began very cautiously: &quot;But I don&#039;t understand. Where did they draw the treacle from?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You can draw water out of a water-well,&quot; said the Hatter; &quot;so I should think you could draw treacle out of a treacle-well—eh, stupid!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;But they were <em>in</em> the well,&quot; Alice said to the Dormouse, not choosing to notice this last remark.</p>
<p>&quot;Of course they were,&quot; said the Dormouse; &quot;——well in.&quot;</p>
<p>This answer so confused poor Alice that she let the Dormouse go on for some time without interrupting it.</p>
<p>&quot;They were learning to draw,&quot; the Dormouse went on, yawning and rubbing its eyes, for it was getting very sleepy; &quot;and they drew all manner of things—everything that begins with an M——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Why with an M?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Why not?&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<p>Alice was silent.</p>
<p>The Dormouse had closed its eyes by this time, and was going off into a dose; but, on<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00103" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[94]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_94" title="[94]"></span></span> being pinched by the Hatter, it woke up again with a little shriek, and went on: &quot;—— that begins with an M, such as mouse-traps, and the moon, and memory, and muchness—you know you say things are &#039;much of a muchness&#039;—did you ever see such a thing as a drawing of a muchness?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Really, now you ask me,&quot; said Alice, very much confused, &quot;I don&#039;t think——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Then you shouldn&#039;t talk,&quot; said the Hatter.</p>
<p>This piece of rudeness was more than Alice could bear: she got up in great disgust and walked off; the Dormouse fell asleep instantly, and neither of the others took the least notice of her going, though she looked back once or twice, half hoping that they would call after her: the last time she saw them, they were trying to put the Dormouse into the teapot.</p>
<p>&quot;At any rate I&#039;ll never go <em>there</em> again!&quot; said Alice as she picked her way through the wood. &quot;It&#039;s the stupidest tea-party I ever was at in all my life!&quot;</p>
<p>Just as she said this, she noticed that one of the trees had a door leading right into it. &quot;That&#039;s very curious!&quot; she thought. &quot;But<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00104" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[95]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_95" title="[95]"></span></span> everything&#039;s curious to-day. I think I may as well go in at once.&quot; And in she went.</p>
<p>Once more she found herself in the long hall, and close to the little glass table. &quot;Now I&#039;ll manage better this time,&quot; she said to herself, and began by taking the little golden key, and unlocking the door that led into the garden. Then she set to work nibbling at the mushroom (she had kept a piece of it in her pocket) till she was about a foot high: then she walked down the little passage: and <em>then</em>—she found herself at last in the beautiful garden, among the bright flower-beds and the cool fountains.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00105" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[96]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_96" title="[96]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER VIII
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>The Queen&#039;s Croquet-Ground</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 71px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_a.png" alt="A" id="img_images_a.png_1" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1958" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c9ae16ac0296d858d1fd9aadb7283a1c6f379d8e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_a.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bb6a733e0f93f880cb45975e3623f2d83734d898" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
  LARGE rose-tree stood near the entrance of the garden: the roses growing on it were white, but there were three gardeners at it, busily painting them red. Alice thought this a very curious thing, and she went nearer to watch them, and just as she came up to them she heard one of them say &quot;Look out now, Five! Don&#039;t go splashing paint over me like that!&quot;
</div>
<p>&quot;I couldn&#039;t help it,&quot; said Five, in a sulky tone. &quot;Seven jogged my elbow.&quot;</p>
<p>On which Seven looked up and said, &quot;That&#039;s right, Five! Always lay the blame on others!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;<em>You&#039;d</em> better not talk!&quot; said Five. &quot;I heard the Queen say only yesterday you deserved to be beheaded!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;What for?&quot; said the one who had first spoken.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00106" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[97]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_97" title="[97]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;That&#039;s none of <em>your</em> business, Two!&quot; said Seven.</p>
<p>&quot;Yes, it <em>is</em> his business!&quot; said Five. &quot;And I&#039;ll tell him—it was for bringing the cook tulip-roots instead of onions.&quot;</p>
<p>Seven flung down his brush, and had just begun &quot;Well, of all the unjust things——&quot; when his eye chanced to fall upon Alice, as she stood watching them, and he checked himself suddenly: the others looked round also, and all of them bowed low.</p>
<p>&quot;Would you tell me,&quot; said Alice, a little timidly, &quot;why you are painting those roses?&quot;</p>
<p>Five and Seven said nothing, but looked at Two. Two began in a low voice, &quot;Why, the fact is, you see, Miss, this here ought to have been a <em>red</em> rose-tree, and we put a white one in by mistake; and if the Queen was to find it out, we should all have our heads cut off, you know. So you see, Miss, we&#039;re doing our best, afore she comes, to——&quot; At this moment, Five, who had been anxiously looking across the garden, called out &quot;The Queen! The Queen!&quot; and the three gardeners instantly threw themselves flat upon their faces. There<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00107" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[98]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_98" title="[98]"></span></span> was a sound of many footsteps, and Alice looked round, eager to see the Queen.</p>
<p>First came ten soldiers carrying clubs; these were all shaped like the three gardeners, oblong and flat, with their hands and feet at the corners: next the ten courtiers; these were ornamented all over with diamonds, and walked two and two, as the soldiers did. After these came the royal children; there were ten of them, and the little dears came jumping merrily along hand in hand, in couples; they were all ornamented with hearts. Next came the guests, mostly Kings and Queens, and among them Alice recognised the White Rabbit: it was talking in a hurried, nervous manner, smiling at everything that was said, and went by without noticing her. Then followed the Knave of Hearts, carrying the King&#039;s crown on a crimson velvet cushion; and last of all this grand procession, came THE KING AND QUEEN OF HEARTS.</p>
<p>Alice was rather doubtful whether she ought not to lie down on her face like the three gardeners, but she could not remember ever having heard of such a rule at processions; &quot;and besides, what would be the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00108" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[99]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_99" title="[99]"></span></span> use of a procession,&quot; thought she, &quot;if people had to lie down upon their faces, so that they couldn&#039;t see it?&quot; So she stood still where she was, and waited.</p>
<p>When the procession came opposite to Alice, they all stopped and looked at her, and the Queen said severely, &quot;Who is this?&quot; She said it to the Knave of Hearts, who only bowed and smiled in reply.</p>
<p>&quot;Idiot!&quot; said the Queen, tossing her head impatiently; and turning to Alice, she went on, &quot;What&#039;s your name, child?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;My name is Alice, so please your Majesty,&quot; said Alice very politely; but she added, to herself, &quot;Why, they&#039;re only a pack of cards, after all. I needn&#039;t be afraid of them!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;And who are <em>these?</em>&quot; said the Queen, pointing to the three gardeners who were lying round the rose-tree; for, you see, as they were lying on their faces, and the pattern on their backs was the same as the rest of the pack, she could not tell whether they were gardeners, or soldiers, or courtiers, or three of her own children.</p>
<p>&quot;How should <em>I</em> know?&quot; said Alice, surprised<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00109" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[100]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_100" title="[100]"></span></span> at her own courage. &quot;It&#039;s no business of <em>mine</em>.&quot;</p>
<p>The Queen turned crimson with fury, and, after glaring at her for a moment like a wild beast, screamed &quot;Off with her head! Off——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Nonsense!&quot; said Alice, very loudly and decidedly, and the Queen was silent.</p>
<p>The King laid his hand upon her arm, and timidly said &quot;Consider my dear: she is only a child!&quot;</p>
<p>The Queen turned angrily away from him, and said to the Knave &quot;Turn them over!&quot;</p>
<p>The Knave did so, very carefully, with one foot.</p>
<p>&quot;Get up!&quot; said the Queen, in a shrill, loud voice, and the three gardeners instantly jumped up, and began bowing to the King, the Queen, the royal children, and everybody else.</p>
<p>&quot;Leave off that!&quot; screamed the Queen. &quot;You make me giddy.&quot; And then, turning to the rose-tree, she went on, &quot;What <em>have</em> you been doing here?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;May it please your Majesty,&quot; said Two, in a very humble tone, going down on one knee as he spoke, &quot;we were trying——&quot;</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="The Queen turned angrily away from him">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>The Queen turned angrily away from him and said to the Knave, &quot;Turn them over&quot;</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" alt="The Queen turned angrily away from him and said to the Knave, &quot;Turn them over&quot;" id="img_images_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="73304" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cbc3765ed753852b564b11f962e6cc2c3b1ce166" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="278d72bf965863862da78bdb54af97d6584c124e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00110" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[101]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_101" title="[101]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;<em>I</em> see!&quot; said the Queen, who had meanwhile been examining the roses. &quot;Off with their heads!&quot; and the procession moved on, three of the soldiers remaining behind to execute the unfortunate gardeners, who ran to Alice for protection.</p>
<p>&quot;You shan&#039;t be beheaded!&quot; said Alice, and she put them into a large flower-pot that stood near. The three soldiers wandered about for a minute or two, looking for them, and then quietly marched off after the others.</p>
<p>&quot;Are their heads off?&quot; shouted the Queen.</p>
<p>&quot;Their heads are gone, if it please your Majesty!&quot; the soldiers shouted in reply.</p>
<p>&quot;That&#039;s right!&quot; shouted the Queen. &quot;Can you play croquet?&quot;</p>
<p>The soldiers were silent, and looked at Alice, as the question was evidently meant for her.</p>
<p>&quot;Yes!&quot; shouted Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Come on, then!&quot; roared the Queen, and Alice joined the procession, wondering very much what would happen next.</p>
<p>&quot;It&#039;s—it&#039;s a very fine day!&quot; said a timid voice at her side. She was walking by the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00111" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[102]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_102" title="[102]"></span></span> White Rabbit, who was peeping anxiously into her face.</p>
<p>&quot;Very,&quot; said Alice: &quot;——where&#039;s the Duchess?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Hush! Hush!&quot; said the Rabbit in a low hurried tone. He looked anxiously over his shoulder as he spoke, and then raised himself upon tiptoe, put his mouth close to her ear, and whispered &quot;She&#039;s under sentence of execution.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;What for?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Did you say &#039;What a pity!&#039;?&quot; the Rabbit asked.</p>
<p>&quot;No, I didn&#039;t,&quot; said Alice: &quot;I don&#039;t think it&#039;s at all a pity. I said &#039;What for?&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;She boxed the Queen&#039;s ears—&quot; the Rabbit began. Alice gave a little scream of laughter. &quot;Oh, hush!&quot; the Rabbit whispered in a frightened tone. &quot;The Queen will hear you! You see she came rather late, and the Queen said——&quot;</p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" alt="Playing croquet" id="img_images_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="16424" data-pandoc-media-sha1="8d93c0684fe9376c3d9d0724e8caba02af0806ce" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="471647299e00486045c0d67001ea09d216e73894" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p>&quot;Get to your places!&quot; shouted the Queen in a voice of thunder, and people began running about in all directions, tumbling up against each other; however, they got settled down in a minute or two, and the game<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00112" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[103]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_103" title="[103]"></span></span> began. Alice thought she had never seen such a curious croquet-ground in all her life; it was all ridges and furrows; the balls were live hedgehogs, the mallets live flamingoes, and the soldiers had to double themselves up and to stand upon their hands and feet, to make the arches.</p>
<p>The chief difficulty Alice found at first was in managing her flamingo; she succeeded in getting its body tucked away, comfortably enough, under her arm, with its legs hanging down, but generally, just <u>as</u> she had got its neck nicely straightened out, and was going to give the hedgehog a blow with its head, it <em>would</em> twist itself round and look up in her face, with such a puzzled expression that she could not help bursting out laughing: and when she had got its head down, and was going to<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00113" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[104]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_104" title="[104]"></span></span> begin again, it was very provoking to find that the hedgehog had unrolled itself and was in the act of crawling away: besides all this, there was generally a ridge or a furrow in the way wherever she wanted to send the <u>hedgehog</u> to, and, as the doubled-up soldiers were always getting up and walking off to other parts of the ground, Alice soon came to the conclusion that it was a very difficult game indeed.</p>
<p>The players all played at once without waiting for turns, quarrelling all the while, and fighting for the hedgehogs; and in a very short time the Queen was in a furious passion, and went stamping about, and shouting &quot;Off with his head!&quot; or &quot;Off with her head!&quot; about once in a minute.</p>
<p>Alice began to feel very uneasy: to be sure she had not as yet had any dispute with the Queen, but she knew that it might happen any minute, &quot;and then,&quot; thought she, &quot;what would become of me? They&#039;re dreadfully fond of beheading people here: the great wonder is that there&#039;s any one left alive!&quot;</p>
<p>She was looking about for some way of escape, and wondering whether she could get away without being seen, when she noticed<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00114" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[105]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_105" title="[105]"></span></span> a curious appearance in the air: it puzzled her very much at first, but, after watching it a minute or two, she made it out to be a grin, and she said to herself &quot;It&#039;s the Cheshire Cat: now I shall have somebody to talk to.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;How are you getting on?&quot; said the Cat, as soon as there was mouth enough for it to speak with.</p>
<p>Alice waited till the eyes appeared, and then nodded. &quot;It&#039;s no use speaking to it,&quot; she thought, &quot;till its ears have come, or at least one of them.&quot; In another minute the whole head appeared, and then Alice put down her flamingo, and began an account of the game, feeling very glad she had some one to listen to her. The Cat seemed to think that there was enough of it now in sight, and no more of it appeared.</p>
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t think they play at all fairly,&quot; Alice began, in rather a complaining tone, &quot;and they all quarrel so dreadfully one can&#039;t hear oneself speak—and they don&#039;t seem to have any rules in particular; at least, if there are, nobody attends to them—and you&#039;ve no idea how confusing it is all the things being alive; for instance, there&#039;s the arch I&#039;ve got to go<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00115" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[106]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_106" title="[106]"></span></span> through next walking about at the other end of the ground—and I should have croqueted the Queen&#039;s hedgehog just now, only it ran away when it saw mine coming!&quot;</p>
<div class="figcenter" style="width: 380px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" alt="The cat" id="img_images_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="8027" data-pandoc-media-sha1="d0f82407afc343f0678d3e19ddcc31ec53d8f5d5" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="6fa42225b61169157b4197060a61523cf175d598" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p>&quot;How do you like the Queen?&quot; said the Cat in a low voice.</p>
<p>&quot;Not at all,&quot; said Alice: &quot;she&#039;s so extremely——&quot; Just then she noticed that the Queen was close behind her listening: so she went on, &quot;——likely to win, that it&#039;s hardly worth while finishing the game.&quot;</p>
<p>The Queen smiled and passed on.</p>
<p>&quot;Who <em>are</em> you talking to?&quot; said the King, coming up to Alice, and looking at the Cat&#039;s head with great curiosity.</p>
<p>&quot;It&#039;s a friend of mine—a Cheshire Cat,&quot; said Alice: &quot;allow me to introduce it.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00116" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[107]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_107" title="[107]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t like the look of it at all,&quot; said the King: &quot;however, it may kiss my hand if it likes.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;d rather not,&quot; the Cat remarked.</p>
<p>&quot;Don&#039;t be impertinent,&quot; said the King, &quot;and don&#039;t look at me like that!&quot; He got behind Alice as he spoke.</p>
<p>&quot;A cat may look at a king,&quot; said Alice. &quot;I&#039;ve read that in some book, but I don&#039;t remember where.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Well, it must be removed,&quot; said the King very decidedly, and he called to the Queen, who was passing at the moment, &quot;My dear! I wish you would have this cat removed!&quot;</p>
<p>The Queen had only one way of settling all difficulties, great or small. &quot;Off with his head!&quot; she said, without even looking round.</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;ll fetch the executioner myself,&quot; said the King eagerly, and he hurried off.</p>
<p>Alice thought she might as well go back and see how the game was going on, as she heard the Queen&#039;s voice in the distance, screaming with passion. She had already heard her sentence three of the players to<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00117" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[108]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_108" title="[108]"></span></span> be executed for having missed their turns, and she did not like the look of things at all, as the game was in such confusion that she never knew whether it was her turn or not. So she went in search of her hedgehog.</p>
<p>The hedgehog was engaged in a fight with another hedgehog, which seemed to Alice an excellent opportunity for croqueting one of them with the other: the only difficulty was, that her flamingo was gone across to the other side of the garden, where Alice could see it trying in a helpless sort of way to fly up into one of the trees.</p>
<p>By the time she had caught the flamingo and brought it back, the fight was over, and both the hedgehogs were out of sight: &quot;but it doesn&#039;t matter much,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;as all the arches are gone from this side of the ground.&quot; So she tucked it under her arm, that it might not escape again, and went back for a little more conversation with her friend.</p>
<p>When she got back to the Cheshire Cat, she was surprised to find quite a large crowd collected round it: there was a dispute going on between the executioner, the King,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00118" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[109]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_109" title="[109]"></span></span> and the Queen, who were all talking at once, while all the rest were quite silent, and looked very uncomfortable.</p>
<p>The moment Alice appeared, she was appealed to by all three to settle the question, and they repeated their arguments to her, though, as they all spoke at once, she found it very hard indeed to make out exactly what they said.</p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 286px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" alt="The Executioner" id="img_images_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="9545" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5d251c2c6b7ca2da92ace52eb11f8238ddee9f4b" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="314b987942322983bbd4f401894fb8cd162274f9" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p>The executioner&#039;s argument was, that you couldn&#039;t cut off a head unless there was a body to cut it off from: that he had never had to do such a thing before, and he wasn&#039;t going to begin at <em>his</em> time of life.</p>
<p>The King&#039;s argument was, that anything that had a head could be beheaded, and that you weren&#039;t to talk nonsense.</p>
<p>The Queen&#039;s argument was, that if something wasn&#039;t done about it in less than no time, she&#039;d have everybody executed all round. (It was this last remark that had<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00119" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[110]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_110" title="[110]"></span></span> made the whole party look so grave and anxious.)</p>
<p>Alice could think of nothing else to say but &quot;It belongs to the Duchess: you&#039;d better ask <em>her</em> about it.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;She&#039;s in prison,&quot; the Queen said to the executioner; &quot;fetch her here.&quot; And the executioner went off like an arrow.</p>
<p>The Cat&#039;s head began fading away the moment he was gone, and by the time he had come back with the Duchess, it had entirely disappeared; so the King and the executioner ran wildly up and down looking for it, while the rest of the party went back to the game.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00120" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[111]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_111" title="[111]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER IX
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>The Mock Turtle&#039;s Story</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 86px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_y-quote.png" alt="&quot;Y" id="img_images_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2250" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cc1f985fd562a053d5c17fbdb1c23d1e246374ed" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="aa134bd1e1e134db1ba993b34a017dcdbb7a4563" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
OU can&#039;t think how glad I am to see you again, you dear old thing!&quot; said the Duchess, as she tucked her arm affectionately into Alice&#039;s, and they walked off together.
</div>
<p>Alice was very glad to find her in such a pleasant temper, and thought to herself that perhaps it was only the pepper that had made her so savage when they met in the kitchen.</p>
<p>&quot;When <em>I&#039;m</em> a Duchess,&quot; she said to herself (not in a very hopeful tone though), &quot;I won&#039;t have any pepper in my kitchen <em>at all</em>. Soup does very well without—Maybe it&#039;s always pepper that makes people hot-tempered,&quot; she went on, very much pleased at having found out a new kind of rule, &quot;and vinegar that makes them sour—and camomile that makes them bitter—and—barley-sugar and such things that make children sweet-tempered. I<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00121" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[112]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_112" title="[112]"></span></span> only wish people knew <em>that:</em> then they wouldn&#039;t be so stingy about it, you know——&quot;</p>
<p>She had quite forgotten the Duchess by this time, and was a little startled when she heard her voice close to her ear. &quot;You&#039;re thinking about something, my dear, and that makes you forget to talk. I can&#039;t tell you just now what the moral of that is, but I shall remember it in a bit.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Perhaps it hasn&#039;t one,&quot; Alice ventured to remark.</p>
<p>&quot;Tut, tut, child!&quot; said the Duchess. &quot;Every thing&#039;s got a moral, if only you can find it.&quot; And she squeezed herself up closer to Alice&#039;s side as she spoke.</p>
<p>Alice did not much like her keeping so close to her: first, because the Duchess was <em>very</em> ugly; and secondly, because she was exactly the right height to rest her chin on Alice&#039;s shoulder, and it was an uncomfortably sharp chin. However, she did not like to be rude, so she bore it as well as she could. &quot;The game&#039;s going on rather better now,&quot; she said, by way of keeping up the conversation a little.</p>
<p>&quot;&#039;Tis so,&quot; said the Duchess: &quot;and the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00122" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[113]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_113" title="[113]"></span></span> moral of that is—&#039;Oh, &#039;tis love, &#039;tis love, that makes the world go round!&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Somebody said,&quot; Alice whispered, &quot;that it&#039;s done by everybody minding their own business!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Ah, well! It means much the same thing,&quot; said the Duchess, digging her sharp little chin into Alice&#039;s shoulder as she added, &quot;and the moral of <em>that</em> is—&#039;Take care of the sense, and the sounds will take care of themselves.&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;How fond she is of finding morals in things!&quot; Alice thought to herself.</p>
<p>&quot;I dare say you&#039;re wondering why I don&#039;t put my arm round your waist,&quot; the Duchess said after a pause: &quot;the reason is, that I&#039;m doubtful about the temper of your flamingo. Shall I try the experiment?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;He might bite,&quot; Alice cautiously replied, not feeling at all anxious to have the experiment tried.</p>
<p>&quot;Very true,&quot; said the Duchess: &quot;flamingoes and mustard both bite. And the moral of that is—&#039;Birds of a feather flock together.&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Only mustard isn&#039;t a bird,&quot; Alice remarked.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00123" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[114]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_114" title="[114]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;Right, as usual,&quot; said the Duchess: &quot;what a clear way you have of putting things!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It&#039;s a mineral, I <em>think</em>,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Of course it is,&quot; said the Duchess, who seemed ready to agree to everything that Alice said: &quot;there&#039;s a large mustard-mine near here. And the moral of that is—&#039;The more there is of mine, the less there is of yours.&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, I know!&quot; exclaimed Alice, who had not attended to this last remark. &quot;It&#039;s a vegetable. It doesn&#039;t look like one, but it is.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I quite agree with you,&quot; said the Duchess; &quot;and the moral of that is—&#039;Be what you would seem to be&#039;—or if you&#039;d like it put more simply—&#039;Never imagine yourself not to be otherwise than what it might appear to others that what you were or might have been was not otherwise than what you had been would have appeared to them to be otherwise.&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I think I should understand that better,&quot; Alice said very politely, &quot;if I had it written down: but I can&#039;t quite follow it as you say it.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00124" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[115]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_115" title="[115]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;That&#039;s nothing to what I could say if I chose,&quot; the Duchess replied, in a pleased tone.</p>
<p>&quot;Pray don&#039;t trouble yourself to say it any longer than that,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, don&#039;t talk about trouble!&quot; said the Duchess. &quot;I make you a present of everything I&#039;ve said as yet.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;A cheap sort of present!&quot; thought Alice. &quot;I&#039;m glad they don&#039;t give birthday presents like that!&quot; But she did not venture to say it out loud.</p>
<p>&quot;Thinking again?&quot; the Duchess asked with another dig of her sharp little chin.</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;ve a right to think,&quot; said Alice sharply, for she was beginning to feel a little worried.</p>
<p>&quot;Just about as much right,&quot; said the Duchess, &quot;as pigs have to fly; and the m——&quot;</p>
<p>But here, to Alice&#039;s great surprise, the Duchess&#039;s voice died away, even in the middle of her favourite word &quot;moral,&quot; and the arm that was linked into hers began to tremble. Alice looked up, and there stood the Queen in front of them, with her arms folded, frowning like a thunderstorm.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00125" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[116]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_116" title="[116]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;A fine day, your Majesty!&quot; the Duchess began in a low, weak voice.</p>
<p>&quot;Now, I give you fair warning,&quot; shouted the Queen, stamping on the ground as she spoke; &quot;either you or your head must be off, and that in about half no time! Take your choice!&quot;</p>
<p>The Duchess took her choice, and was gone in a moment.</p>
<p>&quot;Let&#039;s go on with the game,&quot; the Queen said to Alice; and Alice was too much frightened to say a word, but slowly followed her back to the croquet-ground.</p>
<p>The other guests had taken advantage of the Queen&#039;s absence, and were resting in the shade: however, the moment they saw her, they hurried back to the game, the Queen merely remarking that a moment&#039;s delay would cost them their lives.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="The Queen never left off quarrelling">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>The Queen never left off quarrelling with the other players, and shouting &quot;Off with his head!&quot; or, &quot;Off with her head!&quot;</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" alt="The Queen never left off quarrelling with the other players, and shouting &quot;Off with his head!&quot; or, &quot;Off with her head!&quot;" id="img_images_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="62244" data-pandoc-media-sha1="b01166fc54a9cacb7703a2586d0dc6920f300556" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="1fb2acc88dbc94fefc69d7abcec666ea79551e5c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>All the time they were playing the Queen never left off quarrelling with the other players, and shouting &quot;Off with his head!&quot; or &quot;Off with her head!&quot; Those whom she sentenced were taken into custody by the soldiers, who of course had to leave off being arches to do this, so that by the end of half an hour or so there were no arches left, and<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00126" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[117]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_117" title="[117]"></span></span> all the players, except the King, the Queen, and Alice, were in custody and under sentence of execution.</p>
<p>Then the Queen left off, quite out of breath, and said to Alice, &quot;Have you seen the Mock Turtle yet?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;No,&quot; said Alice. &quot;I don&#039;t even know what a Mock Turtle is.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It&#039;s the thing Mock Turtle Soup is made from,&quot; said the Queen.</p>
<p>&quot;I never saw one, or heard of one,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Come on then,&quot; said the Queen, &quot;and he shall tell you his history.&quot;</p>
<p>As they walked off together, Alice heard the King say in a low voice, to the company generally, &quot;You are all pardoned.&quot; &quot;Come, <em>that&#039;s</em> a good thing!&quot; she said to herself, for she had felt quite unhappy at the number of executions the Queen had ordered.</p>
<p>They very soon came upon a Gryphon, lying fast asleep in the sun. (If you don&#039;t know what a Gryphon is, look at the picture.) &quot;Up, lazy thing!&quot; said the Queen, &quot;and take this young lady to see the Mock Turtle, and to hear his history. I must go back and see after some executions I have ordered,&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00127" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[118]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_118" title="[118]"></span></span> and she walked off, leaving Alice alone with the Gryphon. Alice did not quite like the look of the creature, but on the whole she thought it would be quite as safe to stay with it as to go after that savage Queen: so she waited.</p>
<p>The Gryphon sat up and rubbed its eyes: then it watched the Queen till she was out of sight: then it chuckled. &quot;What fun!&quot; said the Gryphon, half to itself, half to Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;What <em>is</em> the fun?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Why, <em>she</em>,&quot; said the Gryphon. &quot;It&#039;s all her fancy, that: they never executes nobody, you know. Come on!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Everybody says &#039;come on!&#039; here,&quot; thought Alice, as she went slowly after it: &quot;I never was so ordered about in my life, never!&quot;</p>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 355px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" alt="Gryphon" id="img_images_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="31052" data-pandoc-media-sha1="deebbb3145809cec97ee60cde1dd9eeaae08d7d7" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="26b6566f37cd274691b1a17ad97091abcacd0d77" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p>They had not gone far before they saw the Mock Turtle in the distance, sitting sad and lonely on a little ledge of rock, and, as they came nearer, Alice could hear him sighing as if his heart would break. She pitied him deeply. &quot;What is his sorrow?&quot; she asked the Gryphon, and the Gryphon answered, very nearly in the same words as before,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00128" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[121]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_121" title="[121]"></span></span><span class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[119]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_119" title="[119]"></span></span> &quot;It&#039;s all his fancy, that: he hasn&#039;t got no sorrow, you know. Come on!&quot;</p>
<p>So they went up to the Mock Turtle, who looked at them with large eyes full of tears, but said nothing.</p>
<p>&quot;This here young lady,&quot; said the Gryphon, &quot;she wants to know your history, she do.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;ll tell it her,&quot; said the Mock Turtle in a deep, hollow tone; &quot;sit down, both of you, and don&#039;t speak a word till I&#039;ve finished.&quot;</p>
<p>So they sat down, and nobody spoke for some minutes. Alice thought to herself, &quot;I don&#039;t see how he can <em>ever</em> finish, if he doesn&#039;t begin.&quot; But she waited patiently.</p>
<p>&quot;Once,&quot; said the Mock Turtle at last, with a deep sigh, &quot;I was a real Turtle.&quot;</p>
<p>These words were followed by a very long silence, broken only by an occasional exclamation of &quot;Hjckrrh!&quot; from the Gryphon, and the constant heavy sobbing of the Mock Turtle. Alice was very nearly getting up and saying &quot;Thank you, sir, for your interesting story,&quot; but she could not help thinking there <em>must</em> be more to come, so she sat still and said nothing.</p>
<p>&quot;When we were little,&quot; the Mock Turtle went on at last, more calmly, though still<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00129" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[122]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_122" title="[122]"></span></span> sobbing a little now and then, &quot;we went to school in the sea. The master was an old Turtle—we used to call him Tortoise——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Why did you call him Tortoise, if he wasn&#039;t one?&quot; Alice asked.</p>
<p>&quot;We called him Tortoise because he taught us,&quot; said the Mock Turtle angrily: &quot;really you are very dull!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You ought to be ashamed of yourself for asking such a simple question,&quot; added the Gryphon; and then they both sat silent and looked at poor Alice, who felt ready to sink into the earth. At last the Gryphon said to the Mock Turtle, &quot;Drive on, old fellow. Don&#039;t be all day about it!&quot; and he went on in these words:</p>
<p>&quot;Yes, we went to school in the sea, though you mayn&#039;t believe it——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I never said I didn&#039;t!&quot; interrupted Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;You did,&quot; said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>&quot;Hold your tongue!&quot; added the Gryphon, before Alice could speak again. The Mock Turtle went on:—</p>
<p>&quot;We had the best of educations—in fact, we went to school every day——&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00130" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[123]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_123" title="[123]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;<em>I&#039;ve</em> been to a day-school, too,&quot; said Alice; &quot;you needn&#039;t be so proud as all that.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;With extras?&quot; asked the Mock Turtle a little anxiously.</p>
<p>&quot;Yes,&quot; said Alice, &quot;we learned French and music.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;And washing?&quot; said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>&quot;Certainly not!&quot; said Alice indignantly.</p>
<p>&quot;Ah! then yours wasn&#039;t a really good school,&quot; said the Mock Turtle in a tone of relief. &quot;Now at <em>ours</em> they had at the end of the bill, &#039;French, music, <em>and washing</em>—extra.&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You couldn&#039;t have wanted it much,&quot; said Alice; &quot;living at the bottom of the sea.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I couldn&#039;t afford to learn it,&quot; said the Mock Turtle with a sigh. &quot;I only took the regular course.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;What was that?&quot; inquired Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Reeling and Writhing, of course, to begin with,&quot; the Mock Turtle replied; &quot;and then the different branches of Arithmetic—Ambition, Distraction, Uglification, and Derision.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I never heard of &#039;Uglification,&#039;&quot; Alice ventured to say. &quot;What is it?&quot;</p>
<p>The Gryphon lifted up both its paws in<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00131" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[124]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_124" title="[124]"></span></span> surprise. &quot;Never heard of uglifying!&quot; it exclaimed. &quot;You know what to beautify is, I suppose?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Yes,&quot; said Alice doubtfully: &quot;it means—to—make—anything—prettier.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Well, then,&quot; the Gryphon went on, &quot;if you don&#039;t know what to uglify is, you are a simpleton.&quot;</p>
<p>Alice did not feel encouraged to ask any more questions about it, so she turned to the Mock Turtle and said, &quot;What else had you to learn?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Well, there was Mystery,&quot; the Mock Turtle replied, counting off the subjects on his flappers, &quot;—Mystery, ancient and modern, with Seaography: then Drawling—the Drawling-master was an old conger-eel, that used to come once a week: <em>he</em> taught us Drawling, Stretching, and Fainting in Coils.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;What was <em>that</em> like?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Well, I can&#039;t show it you myself,&quot; the Mock Turtle said: &quot;I&#039;m too stiff. And the Gryphon never learnt it.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Hadn&#039;t time,&quot; said the Gryphon: &quot;I went to the Classical master, though. He was an old crab, <em>he</em> was.&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00132" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[125]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_125" title="[125]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;I never went to him,&quot; the Mock Turtle said with a sigh: &quot;he taught Laughing and Grief, they used to say.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;So he did, so he did,&quot; said the Gryphon, sighing in his turn; and both creatures hid their faces in their paws.</p>
<p>&quot;And how many hours a day did you do lessons?&quot; said Alice, in a hurry to change the subject.</p>
<p>&quot;Ten hours the first day,&quot; said the Mock Turtle: &quot;nine the next, and so on.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;What a curious plan!&quot; exclaimed Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;That&#039;s the reason they&#039;re called lessons,&quot; the Gryphon remarked: &quot;because they lessen from day to day.&quot;</p>
<p>This was quite a new idea to Alice, and she thought over it a little before she made her next remark. &quot;Then the eleventh day must have been a holiday.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Of course it was,&quot; said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>&quot;And how did you manage on the twelfth?&quot; Alice went on eagerly.</p>
<p>&quot;That&#039;s enough about lessons,&quot; the Gryphon interrupted in a very decided tone: &quot;tell her something about the games now.&quot;</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00133" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[126]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_126" title="[126]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER X
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>The Lobster Quadrille</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 75px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_t.png" alt="T" id="img_images_t.png_3" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2268" data-pandoc-media-sha1="95bf79f536e8e087ef0b4ddd0dae0f53bdaf81e2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="764f119afa968c8f7404721ee9fa70a98da9f2fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
HE Mock Turtle sighed deeply, and drew the back of one flapper across his eyes. He looked at Alice, and tried to speak, but, for a minute or two, sobs choked his voice. &quot;Same as if he had a bone in his throat,&quot; said the Gryphon: and it set to work shaking him and punching him in the back. At last the Mock Turtle recovered his voice, and, with tears running down his cheeks, went on again:
</div>
<p>&quot;You may not have lived much under the sea—&quot; (&quot;I haven&#039;t,&quot; said Alice) &quot;and perhaps you were never even introduced to a lobster—&quot; (Alice began to say &quot;I once tasted——&quot; but checked herself hastily, and said &quot;No, <u>never,)</u> &quot;—so you can have no idea what a delightful thing a Lobster Quadrille is!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;No, indeed,&quot; said Alice. &quot;What sort of a dance is it?&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00134" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[127]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_127" title="[127]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;Why,&quot; said the Gryphon, &quot;you first form into a line along the sea-shore——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Two lines!&quot; cried the Mock Turtle. &quot;Seals, turtles, and so on; then, when you&#039;ve cleared the jelly-fish out of the way——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;<em>That</em> generally takes some time,&quot; interrupted the Gryphon.</p>
<p>&quot;—you advance twice——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Each with a lobster as a partner!&quot; cried the Gryphon.</p>
<p>&quot;Of course,&quot; the Mock Turtle said: &quot;advance twice, set to partners——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;—change lobsters, and retire in same order,&quot; continued the Gryphon.</p>
<p>&quot;Then, you know,&quot; the Mock Turtle went on, &quot;you throw the——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;The lobsters!&quot; shouted the Gryphon, with a bound into the air.</p>
<p>&quot;—as far out to sea as you can——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Swim, after them!&quot; screamed the Gryphon.</p>
<p>&quot;Turn a somersault in the sea!&quot; cried the Mock Turtle, capering wildly about.</p>
<p>&quot;Change lobsters again!&quot; yelled the Gryphon.</p>
<p>&quot;Back to land again, and—that&#039;s all the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00135" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[128]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_128" title="[128]"></span></span> first figure,&quot; said the Mock Turtle, suddenly dropping his voice; and the two creatures, who had been jumping about like mad things all this time, sat down again very sadly and quietly, and looked at Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;It must be a very pretty dance,&quot; said Alice, timidly.</p>
<p>&quot;Would you like to see a little of it?&quot; said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>&quot;Very much indeed,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Come, let&#039;s try the first figure!&quot; said the Mock Turtle to the Gryphon. &quot;We can do it without lobsters, you know. Which shall sing?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, <em>you</em> sing,&quot; said the Gryphon. &quot;I&#039;ve forgotten the words.&quot;</p>
<p>So they began solemnly dancing round and round Alice, every now and then treading on her toes when they passed too close, and waving their forepaws to mark the time, while the Mock Turtle sang this, very slowly and sadly:—</p>
<div class="poem2">
&quot;Will you walk a little faster?&quot; said a whiting to a snail,<br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00136" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[129]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_129" title="[129]"></span></span>&quot;There&#039;s a porpoise close behind us, and he&#039;s treading on my tail.<br />
See how eagerly the lobsters and the turtles all advance!<br />
They are waiting on the shingle—will you come and join the dance?<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Will you, won&#039;t you, will you, won&#039;t you, will you join the dance?</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Will you, won&#039;t you, will you, won&#039;t you, won&#039;t you join the dance?</span><br />
<br />
&quot;You can really have no notion how delightful it will be,<br />
When they take us up and throw us, with the lobsters, out to sea!&quot;<br />
But the snail replied: &quot;Too far, too far!&quot; and gave a look askance—<br />
Said he thanked the whiting kindly, but he would not join the dance.<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Would not, could not, would not, could not, would not join the dance.</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Would not, could not, would not, could not, could not join the dance.</span><br />
<br />
&quot;What matters it how far we go?&quot; his scaly friend replied;<br />
&quot;There is another shore, you know, upon the other side.<br />
The further off from England the nearer is to France—<br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00137" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[130]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_130" title="[130]"></span></span>Then turn not pale, beloved snail, but come and join the dance.<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Will you, won&#039;t you, will you, won&#039;t you, will you join the dance?</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Will you, won&#039;t you, will you, won&#039;t you, won&#039;t you join the dance?&quot;</span><br />

</div>
<p>&quot;Thank you, it&#039;s a very interesting dance to watch,&quot; said Alice, feeling very glad that it was over at last: &quot;and I do so like that curious song about the whiting!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, as to the whiting,&quot; said the Mock Turtle, &quot;they—you&#039;ve seen them, of course?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Yes,&quot; said Alice, &quot;I&#039;ve often seen them at dinn——&quot; she checked herself hastily.</p>
<p>&quot;I don&#039;t know where Dinn may be,&quot; said the Mock Turtle, &quot;but if you&#039;ve seen them so often, of course you know what they&#039;re like.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I believe so,&quot; Alice replied thoughtfully. &quot;They have their tails in their mouths—and they&#039;re all over crumbs.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You&#039;re wrong about the crumbs,&quot; said the Mock Turtle: &quot;crumbs would all wash off in the sea. But they <em>have</em> their tails in their mouths; and the reason is—&quot; here the Mock Turtle yawned and shut his eyes. &quot;Tell her about the reason and all that,&quot; he said to the Gryphon.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00138" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[131]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_131" title="[131]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;The reason is,&quot; said the Gryphon, &quot;that they <em>would</em> go with the lobsters to the dance. So they got thrown out to sea. So they had to fall a long way. So they got their tails fast in their mouths. So they couldn&#039;t get them out again. That&#039;s all.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Thank you,&quot; said Alice. &quot;It&#039;s very interesting. I never knew so much about a whiting before.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I can tell you more than that, if you like,&quot; said the Gryphon. &quot;Do you know why it&#039;s called a whiting?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I never thought about it,&quot; said Alice. &quot;Why?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;<em>It does the boots and shoes</em>,&quot; the Gryphon replied very solemnly.</p>
<p>Alice was thoroughly puzzled. &quot;Does the boots and shoes!&quot; she repeated in a wondering tone.</p>
<p>&quot;Why, what are <em>your</em> shoes done with?&quot; said the Gryphon. &quot;I mean, what makes them so shiny?&quot;</p>
<p>Alice looked down at them, and considered a little before she gave her answer. &quot;They&#039;re done with blacking, I believe.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Boots and shoes under the sea,&quot; the Gryphon<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00139" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[132]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_132" title="[132]"></span></span> went on in a deep voice, &quot;are done with whiting. Now you know.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;And what are they made of?&quot; Alice asked in a tone of great curiosity.</p>
<p>&quot;Soles and eels, of course,&quot; the Gryphon replied rather impatiently: &quot;any shrimp could have told you that.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;If I&#039;d been the whiting,&quot; said Alice, whose thoughts were still running on the song, &quot;I&#039;d have said to the porpoise, &#039;Keep back, please: we don&#039;t want <em>you</em> with us!&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;They were obliged to have him with them,&quot; the Mock Turtle said: &quot;no wise fish would go anywhere without a porpoise.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Wouldn&#039;t it really?&quot; said Alice in a tone of great surprise.</p>
<p>&quot;Of course not,&quot; said the Mock Turtle: &quot;why, if a fish came to <em>me</em>, and told me he was going a journey, I should say, &#039;With what porpoise?&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Don&#039;t you mean &#039;purpose&#039;?&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;I mean what I say,&quot; the Mock Turtle replied in an offended tone. And the Gryphon added, &quot;Come, let&#039;s hear some of <em>your</em> adventures.&quot;</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="The Mock Turtle drew a long breath">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>The Mock Turtle drew a long breath and said, &quot;That&#039;s very curious&quot;</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" alt="The Mock Turtle drew a long breath and said, &quot;That&#039;s very curious&quot;" id="img_images_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="68013" data-pandoc-media-sha1="b1e9f143ce0df3768d5c064a16db46c2e777a3ed" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="35e6471d1b34aaa29f4e4b42beabce61ecfa92ba" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>&quot;I could tell you my adventures—beginning<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00140" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[133]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_133" title="[133]"></span></span> from this morning,&quot; said Alice a little timidly: &quot;but it&#039;s no use going back to yesterday, because I was a different person then.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Explain all that,&quot; said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>&quot;No, no! The adventures first,&quot; said the Gryphon in an impatient tone: &quot;explanations take such a dreadful time.&quot;</p>
<p>So Alice began telling them her adventures from the time when she first saw the White Rabbit. She was a little nervous about it just at first, the two creatures got so close to her, one on each side, and opened their eyes and mouths so <em>very</em> wide, but she gained courage as she went on. Her listeners were perfectly quiet till she got to the part about her repeating &quot;<em>You are old, Father William</em>,&quot; to the Caterpillar, and the words all coming different, and then the Mock Turtle drew a long breath, and said, &quot;That&#039;s very curious.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It&#039;s all about as curious as it can be,&quot; said the Gryphon.</p>
<p>&quot;It all came different!&quot; the Mock Turtle repeated thoughtfully. &quot;I should like to hear her repeat something now. Tell her to begin.&quot; He looked at the Gryphon as if he<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00141" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[134]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_134" title="[134]"></span></span> thought it had some kind of authority over Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Stand up and repeat &#039;<em>&#039;Tis the voice of the sluggard</em>,&#039;&quot; said the Gryphon.</p>
<p>&quot;How the creatures order one about, and make one repeat lessons!&quot; thought Alice. &quot;I might as well be at school at once.&quot; However, she got up, and began to repeat it, but her head was so full of the Lobster Quadrille, that she hardly knew what she was saying, and the words came very queer indeed:—</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;&#039;Tis the voice of the Lobster; I heard him declare,<br />
&#039;You have baked me too brown, I must sugar my hair.&#039;<br />
As a duck with its eyelids, so he with his nose<br />
Trims his belt and his buttons, and turns out his toes.<br />
When the sands are all dry, he is gay as a lark,<br />
And will talk in contemptuous tones of the Shark:<br />
But, when the tide rises and sharks are around,<br />
His voice has a timid and tremulous sound.&quot;<br />

</div>
<p>&quot;That&#039;s different from what <em>I</em> used to say when I was a child,&quot; said the Gryphon.</p>
<p>&quot;Well, <em>I</em> never heard it before,&quot; said the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00142" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[135]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_135" title="[135]"></span></span> Mock Turtle: &quot;but it sounds uncommon nonsense.&quot;</p>
<p>Alice said nothing; she had sat down with her face in her hands, wondering if anything would <em>ever</em> happen in a natural way again.</p>
<p>&quot;I should like to have it explained,&quot; said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>&quot;She ca&#039;n&#039;t explain it,&quot; hastily said the Gryphon. &quot;Go on with the next verse.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;But about his toes?&quot; the Mock Turtle persisted. &quot;How <em>could</em> he turn them out with his nose, you know?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It&#039;s the first position in dancing,&quot; Alice said; but was dreadfully puzzled by the whole thing, and longed to change the subject.</p>
<p>&quot;Go on with the next verse,&quot; the Gryphon repeated: &quot;it begins &#039;<em>I passed by his garden</em>.&#039;&quot;</p>
<p>Alice did not dare to disobey, though she felt sure it would all come wrong, and she went on in a trembling voice:</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;I passed by his garden, and marked, with one eye,<br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00143" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[136]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_136" title="[136]"></span></span>How the Owl and the Panther were sharing a pie:<br />
The Panther took pie-crust, and gravy, and meat,<br />
While the Owl had the dish as its share of the treat.<br />
When the pie was all finished, the Owl, as a boon,<br />
Was kindly permitted to pocket the spoon:<br />
While the Panther received knife and fork with a growl,<br />
And concluded the banquet by——&quot;<br />

</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 192px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" alt="Mock turtle" id="img_images_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="7763" data-pandoc-media-sha1="d08e9b7ecf9ea18d50220d06f6d2b12fed117627" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="81eb8cb9b5e510fceb1713d2b6a165a9721faa20" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p>&quot;What <em>is</em> the use of repeating all that stuff,&quot; the Mock Turtle interrupted, &quot;if you don&#039;t explain it as you go on? It&#039;s by far the most confusing thing <em>I</em> ever heard!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Yes, I think you&#039;d better leave off,&quot; said the Gryphon: and Alice was only too glad to do so.</p>
<p>&quot;Shall we try another figure of the Lobster Quadrille?&quot; the Gryphon went on. &quot;Or would you like the Mock Turtle to sing you another song?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, a song, please, if the Mock Turtle<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00144" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[137]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_137" title="[137]"></span></span> would be so kind,&quot; Alice replied, so eagerly that the Gryphon said, in a rather offended tone, &quot;H&#039;m! No accounting for tastes! Sing her &#039;<em>Turtle Soup</em>,&#039; will you, old fellow?&quot;</p>
<p>The Mock Turtle sighed deeply, and began, in a voice choked with sobs, to sing this:—</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;Beautiful Soup, so rich and green,<br />
Waiting in a hot tureen!<br />
Who for such dainties would not stoop?<br />
Soup of the evening, beautiful Soup!<br />
Soup of the evening, beautiful Soup!<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br />
Soo—oop of the e—e—evening,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beautiful, beautiful Soup!</span><br />
<br />
&quot;Beautiful Soup! Who cares for fish,<br />
Game, or any other dish?<br />
Who would not give all else for two<br />
Pennyworth only of beautiful Soup?<br />
Pennyworth only of beautiful Soup?<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br />
Soo—oop of the e—e—evening,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beautiful, beauti—FUL SOUP!&quot;</span><br />

</div>
<p>&quot;Chorus again!&quot; cried the Gryphon, and<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00145" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[138]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_138" title="[138]"></span></span> the Mock Turtle had just begun to repeat it, when a cry of &quot;The trial&#039;s beginning!&quot; was heard in the distance.</p>
<p>&quot;Come on!&quot; cried the Gryphon, and, taking Alice by the hand, it hurried off, without waiting for the end of the song.</p>
<p>&quot;What trial is it?&quot; Alice panted as she ran; but the Gryphon only answered &quot;Come on!&quot; and ran the faster, while more and more faintly came, carried on the breeze that followed them, the melancholy words:—</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;Soo—oop of the e—e—evening,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beautiful, beautiful Soup!&quot;</span><br />

</div>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00146" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[139]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_139" title="[139]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER XI
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Who Stole the Tarts?</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 75px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_t.png" alt="T" id="img_images_t.png_4" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2268" data-pandoc-media-sha1="95bf79f536e8e087ef0b4ddd0dae0f53bdaf81e2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_t.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="764f119afa968c8f7404721ee9fa70a98da9f2fe" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
HE King and Queen of Hearts were seated on their throne when they arrived, with a great crowd assembled about them—all sorts of little birds and beasts, as well as the whole pack of cards: the Knave was standing before them, in chains, with a soldier on each side to guard him; and near the King was the White Rabbit, with a trumpet in one hand, and a scroll of parchment in the other. In the very middle of the court was a table, with a large dish of tarts upon it: they looked so good, that it made Alice quite hungry to look at them—&quot;I wish they&#039;d get the trial done,&quot; she thought, &quot;and hand round the refreshments!&quot; But there seemed to be no chance of this, so she began looking about her, to pass away the time.
</div>
<p>Alice had never been in a court of justice<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00147" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[140]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_140" title="[140]"></span></span> before, but she had read about them in books, and she was quite pleased to find that she knew the name of nearly everything there. &quot;That&#039;s the judge,&quot; she said to herself, &quot;because of his great wig.&quot;</p>
<p>The judge, by the way, was the King; and as he wore his crown over the wig, he did not look at all comfortable, and it was certainly not becoming.</p>
<p>&quot;And that&#039;s the jury-box,&quot; thought Alice, &quot;and those twelve creatures,&quot; (she was obliged to say &quot;creatures,&quot; you see, because some of them were animals, and some were birds,) &quot;I suppose they are the jurors.&quot; She said this last word two or three times over to herself, being rather proud of it: for she thought, and rightly too, that very few little girls of her age knew the meaning of it at all. However, &quot;jurymen&quot; would have done just as well.</p>
<p>The twelve jurors were all writing very busily on slates. &quot;What are they all doing?&quot; Alice whispered to the Gryphon. &quot;They can&#039;t have anything to put down yet, before the trial&#039;s begun.&quot;</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="Who stole the tarts?">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>Who stole the tarts?</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" alt="Who stole the tarts?" id="img_images_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="77574" data-pandoc-media-sha1="55a4d6bc380804b30665a2694ca9ce7f3a1398ef" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="1d8eb65caeedac1f393e6a280afadc0837453e2b" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>&quot;They&#039;re putting down their names,&quot; the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00148" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[141]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_141" title="[141]"></span></span> Gryphon whispered in reply, &quot;for fear they should forget them before the end of the trial.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Stupid things!&quot; Alice began in a loud, indignant voice, but she stopped hastily, for the White Rabbit cried out &quot;Silence in the court!&quot; and the King put on his spectacles and looked anxiously round, to see who was talking.</p>
<p>Alice could see, as well as if she were looking over their shoulders, that all the jurors were writing down &quot;stupid things!&quot; on their slates, and she could even make out that one of them didn&#039;t know how to spell &quot;stupid,&quot; and that he had to ask his neighbour to tell him. &quot;A nice muddle their slates will be in before the trial&#039;s over!&quot; thought Alice.</p>
<p>One of the jurors had a pencil that squeaked. This, of course, Alice could <em>not</em> stand, and she went round the court and got behind him, and very soon found an opportunity of taking it away. She did it so quickly that the poor little juror (it was Bill, the Lizard) could not make out at all what had become of it; so, after hunting all<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00149" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[142]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_142" title="[142]"></span></span> about for it, he was obliged to write with one finger for the rest of the day; and this was of very little use, as it left no mark on the slate.</p>
<p>&quot;Herald, read the accusation!&quot; said the King.</p>
<p>On this the White Rabbit blew three blasts on the trumpet, and then unrolled the parchment scroll, and read as follows:</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;The Queen of Hearts, she made some tarts,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">All on a summer day:</span><br />
The Knave of Hearts, he stole those tarts,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">And took them quite away!&quot;</span><br />

</div>
<p>&quot;Consider your verdict,&quot; the King said to the jury.</p>
<p>&quot;Not yet, not yet!&quot; the Rabbit hastily interrupted. &quot;There&#039;s a great deal to come before that!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Call the first witness,&quot; said the King; and the Rabbit blew three blasts on the trumpet, and called out &quot;First witness!&quot;</p>
<p>The first witness was the Hatter. He came in with a teacup in one hand and a piece of bread-and-butter in the other. &quot;I<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00150" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[143]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_143" title="[143]"></span></span> beg pardon, your Majesty,&quot; he began, &quot;for bringing these in; but I hadn&#039;t quite finished my tea when I was sent for.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You ought to have finished,&quot; said the King. &quot;When did you begin?&quot;</p>
<p>The Hatter looked at the March Hare, who had followed him into the court, arm-in-arm with the Dormouse. &quot;Fourteenth of March, I <em>think</em> it was,&quot; he said.</p>
<p>&quot;Fifteenth,&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<p>&quot;Sixteenth,&quot; said the Dormouse.</p>
<p>&quot;Write that down,&quot; the King said to the jury, and the jury eagerly wrote down all three dates on their slates, and then added them up, and reduced the answer to shillings and pence.</p>
<p>&quot;Take off your hat,&quot; the King said to the Hatter.</p>
<p>&quot;It isn&#039;t mine,&quot; said the Hatter.</p>
<p>&quot;<em>Stolen!</em>&quot; the King exclaimed, turning to the jury, who instantly made a memorandum of the fact.</p>
<p>&quot;I keep them to sell,&quot; the Hatter added as an explanation: &quot;I&#039;ve none of my own. I&#039;m a hatter.&quot;</p>
<p>Here the Queen put on her spectacles, and<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00151" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[144]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_144" title="[144]"></span></span> began staring hard at the Hatter, who turned pale and fidgeted.</p>
<p>&quot;Give your evidence,&quot; said the King; &quot;and don&#039;t be nervous, or I&#039;ll have you executed on the spot.&quot;</p>
<p>This did not seem to encourage the witness at all: he kept shifting from one foot to the other, looking uneasily at the Queen, and in his confusion he bit a large piece out of his teacup instead of the bread-and-butter.</p>
<p>Just at this moment Alice felt a very curious sensation, which puzzled her a good deal until she made out what it was: she was beginning to grow larger again, and she thought at first she would get up and leave the court; but on second thoughts she decided to remain where she was as long as there was room for her.</p>
<p>&quot;I wish you wouldn&#039;t squeeze so,&quot; said the Dormouse, who was sitting next to her. &quot;I can hardly breathe.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I can&#039;t help it,&quot; said Alice very meekly: &quot;I&#039;m growing.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;You&#039;ve no right to grow <em>here</em>,&quot; said the Dormouse.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00152" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[145]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_145" title="[145]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;Don&#039;t talk nonsense,&quot; said Alice more boldly: &quot;you know you&#039;re growing too.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Yes, but <em>I</em> grow at a reasonable pace,&quot; said the Dormouse; &quot;not in that ridiculous fashion.&quot; And he got up very sulkily and crossed over to the other side of the court.</p>
<p>All this time the Queen had never left off staring at the Hatter, and, just as the Dormouse crossed the court, she said to one of the officers of the court, &quot;Bring me the list of the singers in the last concert!&quot; on which the wretched Hatter trembled so, that he shook off both his shoes.</p>
<p>&quot;Give your evidence,&quot; the King repeated angrily, &quot;or I&#039;ll have you executed, whether you&#039;re nervous or not.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;m a poor man, your Majesty,&quot; the Hatter began, in a trembling voice, &quot;—and I hadn&#039;t begun my tea—not above a week or so—and what with the bread-and-butter getting so thin—and the twinkling of the tea——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;The twinkling of <em>what?</em>&quot; said the King.</p>
<p>&quot;It <em>began</em> with the tea,&quot; the Hatter replied.</p>
<p>&quot;Of course twinkling <em>begins</em> with a T!&quot; said the King sharply. &quot;Do you take me for a dunce? Go on!&quot;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00153" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[146]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_146" title="[146]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;m a poor man,&quot; the Hatter went on, &quot;and most things twinkled after that—only the March Hare said——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I didn&#039;t!&quot; the March Hare interrupted in a great hurry.</p>
<p>&quot;You did!&quot; said the Hatter.</p>
<p>&quot;I deny it!&quot; said the March Hare.</p>
<p>&quot;He denies it,&quot; said the King: &quot;leave out that part.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Well, at any rate, the Dormouse said——&quot; the Hatter went on, looking anxiously round to see if he would deny it too: but the Dormouse denied nothing, being fast asleep.</p>
<p>&quot;After that,&quot; continued the Hatter, &quot;I cut some more bread-and-butter——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;But what did the Dormouse say?&quot; one of the jury asked.</p>
<p>&quot;That I can&#039;t remember,&quot; said the Hatter.</p>
<p>&quot;You <em>must</em> remember,&quot; remarked the King, &quot;or I&#039;ll have you executed.&quot;</p>
<p>The miserable Hatter dropped his teacup and bread-and-butter, and went down on one knee. &quot;I&#039;m a poor man, your Majesty,&quot; he began.</p>
<p>&quot;You&#039;re a <em>very</em> poor <em>speaker</em>,&quot; said the King.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00154" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[147]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_147" title="[147]"></span></span></p>
<p>Here one of the guinea-pigs cheered, and was immediately suppressed by the officers of the court. (As that is rather a hard word, I will just explain to you how it was done. They had a large canvas bag, which tied up at the mouth with strings: into this they slipped the guinea-pig, head first, and then sat upon it.)</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;m glad I&#039;ve seen that done,&quot; thought Alice. &quot;I&#039;ve so often read in the newspapers, at the end of trials, &#039;There was some attempt at applause, which was immediately suppressed by the officers of the court,&#039; and I never understood what it meant till now.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;If that&#039;s all you know about it, you may stand down,&quot; continued the King.</p>
<p>&quot;I can&#039;t go no lower,&quot; said the Hatter: &quot;I&#039;m on the floor, as it is.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Then you may <em>sit</em> down,&quot; the King replied.</p>
<p>Here the other guinea-pig cheered, and was suppressed.</p>
<p>&quot;Come, that finishes the guinea-pigs!&quot; thought Alice. &quot;Now we shall get on better.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;I&#039;d rather finish my tea,&quot; said the Hatter,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00155" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[148]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_148" title="[148]"></span></span> with an anxious look at the Queen, who was reading the list of singers.</p>
<p>&quot;You may go,&quot; said the King; and the Hatter hurriedly left the court, without even waiting to put his shoes on.</p>
<p>&quot;—and just take his head off outside,&quot; the Queen added to one of the officers; but the Hatter was out of sight before the officer could get to the door.</p>
<p>&quot;Call the next witness!&quot; said the King.</p>
<p>The next witness was the Duchess&#039;s cook. She carried the pepper-box in her hand, and Alice guessed who it was, even before she got into the court, by the way the people near the door began sneezing all at once.</p>
<p>&quot;Give your evidence,&quot; said the King.</p>
<p>&quot;Sha&#039;n&#039;t,&quot; said the cook.</p>
<p>The King looked anxiously at the White Rabbit, who said in a low voice, &quot;Your Majesty must cross-examine <em>this</em> witness.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Well, if I must, I must,&quot; the King said with a melancholy air, and, after folding his arms and frowning at the cook till his eyes were nearly out of sight, he said in a deep voice, &quot;What are tarts made of?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Pepper, mostly,&quot; said the cook.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00156" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[149]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_149" title="[149]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;Treacle,&quot; said a sleepy voice behind her.</p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 176px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" alt="Cook" id="img_images_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="10273" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f02f11ef64c512ea2d3f7968f70e78a2c9833eb6" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="9c7f969822997d9fd1a1f3a1eddd5ac12608fc70" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<p>&quot;Collar that Dormouse,&quot; the Queen shrieked out. &quot;Behead that Dormouse! Turn that Dormouse out of court! Suppress him! Pinch him! Off with his whiskers.&quot;</p>
<p>For some minutes the whole court was in confusion, getting the Dormouse turned out, and, by the time they had settled down again, the cook had disappeared.</p>
<p>&quot;Never mind!&quot; said the King, with an air of great relief. &quot;Call the next witness.&quot; And he added in an undertone to the Queen, &quot;Really, my dear, <em>you</em> must cross-examine the next witness. It quite makes my forehead ache!&quot;</p>
<p>Alice watched the White Rabbit as he fumbled over the list, feeling very curious to see what the next witness would be like, &quot;—for they haven&#039;t got much evidence <em>yet</em>,&quot; she said to herself. Imagine her surprise, when the White Rabbit read out, at the top of his shrill little voice, the name &quot;Alice!&quot;</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00157" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[150]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_150" title="[150]"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER XII
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Alice&#039;s Evidence</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 85px;">
<img src="media/360840914614224901_h-quote.png" alt="&quot;H" id="img_images_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1756" data-pandoc-media-sha1="9a121710e992f751534ee68d87ab15e732af65db" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="10e1c836be8c909c725667a7ef1e0432a1dcaa33" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
ERE!&quot; cried Alice, quite forgetting in the flurry of the moment how large she had grown in the last few minutes, and she jumped up in such a hurry that she tipped over the jury-box with the edge of her skirt, upsetting all the jurymen on to the heads of the crowd below, and there they lay sprawling about, reminding her very much of a globe of gold-fish she had accidentally upset the week before.
</div>
<p>&quot;Oh, I <em>beg</em> your pardon!&quot; she exclaimed in a tone of great dismay, and began picking them up again as quickly as she could, for the accident of the gold-fish kept running in her head, and she had a vague sort of idea that they must be collected at once and put back into the jury-box, or they would die.</p>
<p>&quot;The trial cannot proceed,&quot; said the King<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00158" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[151]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_151" title="[151]"></span></span> in a very grave voice, &quot;until all the jurymen are back in their proper places—<em>all</em>,&quot; he repeated with great emphasis, looking hard at Alice as he said so.</p>
<p>Alice looked at the jury-box, and saw that, in her haste, she had put the Lizard in head downwards, and the poor little thing was waving its tail about in a melancholy way, being quite unable to move. She soon got it out again, and put it right; &quot;not that it signifies much,&quot; she said to herself; &quot;I should think it would be <em>quite</em> as much use in the trial one way up as the other.&quot;</p>
<p>As soon as the jury had a little recovered from the shock of being upset, and their slates and pencils had been found and handed back to them, they set to work very diligently to write out a history of the accident, all except the Lizard, who seemed too much overcome to do anything but sit with its mouth open, gazing up into the roof of the court.</p>
<p>&quot;What do you know about this business?&quot; the King said to Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Nothing,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Nothing <em>whatever?</em>&quot; persisted the King.</p>
<p>&quot;Nothing whatever,&quot; said Alice.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00159" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[152]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_152" title="[152]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;That&#039;s very important,&quot; the King said, turning to the jury. They were just beginning to write this down on their slates, when the White Rabbit interrupted: &quot;<em>Un</em>important, your Majesty means, of course,&quot; he said in a very respectful tone, but frowning and making faces at him as he spoke.</p>
<p>&quot;<em>Un</em>important, of course, I meant,&quot; the King hastily said, and went on himself in an undertone, &quot;important—unimportant—unimportant—important——&quot; as if he were trying which word sounded best.</p>
<p>Some of the jury wrote it down &quot;important,&quot; and some &quot;unimportant.&quot; Alice could see this, as she was near enough to look over their slates; &quot;but it doesn&#039;t matter a bit,&quot; she thought to herself.</p>
<p>At this moment the King, who had been for some time busily writing in his note-book, called out &quot;Silence!&quot; and read out from his book, &quot;Rule Forty-two. <em>All persons more than a mile high to leave the court.</em>&quot;</p>
<p>Everybody looked at Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;<em>I&#039;m</em> not a mile high,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;You are,&quot; said the King.</p>
<p>&quot;Nearly two miles high,&quot; added the Queen.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00160" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[153]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_153" title="[153]"></span></span></p>
<p>&quot;Well, I sha&#039;n&#039;t go, at any rate,&quot; said Alice: &quot;besides, that&#039;s not a regular rule: you invented it just now.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It&#039;s the oldest rule in the book,&quot; said the King.</p>
<p>&quot;Then it ought to be Number One,&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>The King turned pale, and shut his note-book hastily. &quot;Consider your verdict,&quot; he said to the jury, in a low trembling voice.</p>
<p>&quot;There&#039;s more evidence to come yet, please your Majesty,&quot; said the White Rabbit, jumping up in a great hurry: &quot;this paper has just been picked up.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;<u>What&#039;s</u> in it?&quot; said the Queen.</p>
<p>&quot;I haven&#039;t opened it yet,&quot; said the White Rabbit, &quot;but it seems to be a letter, written by the prisoner to—to somebody.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It must have been that,&quot; said the King, &quot;unless it was written to nobody, which isn&#039;t usual, you know.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Who is it directed to?&quot; said one of the jurymen.</p>
<p>&quot;It isn&#039;t directed at all,&quot; said the White Rabbit; &quot;in fact, there&#039;s nothing written on the <em>outside</em>.&quot; He unfolded the paper as he<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00161" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[154]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_154" title="[154]"></span></span> spoke, and added &quot;It isn&#039;t a letter after all: it&#039;s a set of verses.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Are they in the prisoner&#039;s handwriting?&quot; asked another of the jurymen.</p>
<p>&quot;No, they&#039;re not,&quot; said the White Rabbit, &quot;and that&#039;s the queerest thing about it.&quot; (The jury all looked puzzled.)</p>
<p>&quot;He must have imitated somebody else&#039;s hand,&quot; said the King. (The jury all brightened up again.)</p>
<p>&quot;Please your Majesty,&quot; said the Knave, &quot;I didn&#039;t write it, and they can&#039;t prove that I did: there&#039;s no name signed at the end.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;If you didn&#039;t sign it,&quot; said the King, &quot;that only makes the matter worse. You <em>must</em> have meant some mischief, or else you&#039;d have signed your name like an honest man.&quot;</p>
<p>There was a general clapping of hands at this: it was the first really clever thing the King had said that day.</p>
<p>&quot;That <em>proves</em> his guilt, of course,&quot; said the Queen: &quot;so, off with——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;It doesn&#039;t prove anything of the sort!&quot; said Alice. &quot;Why, you don&#039;t even know what they&#039;re about!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Read them,&quot; said the King.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00162" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[155]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_155" title="[155]"></span></span></p>
<p>The White Rabbit put on his spectacles. &quot;Where shall I begin, please your Majesty?&quot; he asked.</p>
<p>&quot;Begin at the beginning,&quot; the King said gravely, &quot;and go on till you come to the end; then stop.&quot;</p>
<p>There was dead silence in the court, whilst the White Rabbit read out these verses:—</p>
<div class="poem">
&quot;They told me you had been to her,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">And mentioned me to him:</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">She gave me a good character,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">But said I could not swim.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">He sent them word I had not gone,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">(We know it to be true):</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">If she should push the matter on,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">What would become of you?</span><br />
<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">I gave her one, they gave him two,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">You gave us three or more;</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">They all returned from him to you,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Though they were mine before.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">If I or she should chance to be</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Involved in this affair,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">He trusts to you to set them free,</span><br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00163" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[156]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_156" title="[156]"></span></span><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Exactly as we were.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">My notion was that you had been</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">(Before she had this fit)</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">An obstacle that came between</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Him, and ourselves, and it.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Don&#039;t let him know she liked them best,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">For this must ever be</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">A secret, kept from all the rest,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Between yourself and me.&quot;</span><br />

</div>
<p>&quot;That&#039;s the most important piece of evidence we&#039;ve heard yet,&quot; said the King, rubbing his hands; &quot;so now let the jury——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;If any of them can explain it,&quot; said Alice, (she had grown so large in the last few minutes that she wasn&#039;t a bit afraid of interrupting him,) &quot;I&#039;ll give him sixpence. <em>I</em> don&#039;t believe there&#039;s an atom of meaning in it.&quot;</p>
<p>The jury all wrote down on their slates, &quot;<em>She</em> doesn&#039;t believe there&#039;s an atom of meaning in it,&quot; but none of them attempted to explain the paper.</p>
<p>&quot;If there&#039;s no meaning in it,&quot; said the King, &quot;that saves a world of trouble, you know, as we needn&#039;t try to find any. And yet I don&#039;t<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00164" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[157]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_157" title="[157]"></span></span> know,&quot; he went on, spreading out the verses on his knee, and looking at them with one eye; &quot;I seem to see some meaning in them after all. &#039;——<em>said I could not swim</em>—&#039; you can&#039;t swim can you?&quot; he added, turning to the Knave.</p>
<p>The Knave shook his head sadly. &quot;Do I look like it?&quot; he said. (Which he certainly did <em>not</em>, being made entirely of cardboard.)</p>
<p>&quot;All right, so far,&quot; said the King, as he went on muttering over the verses to himself: &quot;&#039;<em>We know it to be true</em>—&#039; that&#039;s the jury, of course—&#039;<em>If she should push the matter on</em>&#039;—that must be the Queen—&#039;<em>What would become of you?</em>&#039;—What, indeed!—&#039;<em>I gave her one, they gave him two</em>—&#039; why, that must be what he did with the tarts, you know——&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;But it goes on &#039;<em>they all returned from him to you</em>,&#039;&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Why, there they are!&quot; said the King triumphantly, pointing to the tarts on the table. &quot;Nothing can be clearer than <em>that</em>. Then again—&#039;<em>before she had this fit</em>—&#039; you never had <em>fits</em>, my dear, I think?&quot; he said to the Queen.</p>
<p>&quot;Never!&quot; said the Queen furiously, throwing<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00165" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[158]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_158" title="[158]"></span></span> an inkstand at the Lizard as she spoke. (The unfortunate little Bill had left off writing on his slate with one finger, as he found it made no mark; but he now hastily began again, using the ink, that was trickling down his face, as long as it lasted.)</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;" summary="At this the whole pack rose up into the air">
<colgroup><col style="width: 50%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center"><em>At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and came flying down upon her</em></td><td style="text-align: left"><img src="media/360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" alt="At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and came flying down upon her" id="img_images_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="71060" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cfda9df7f86983f80ec36406cf1c041c00be3e40" data-pandoc-media-source-path="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="5dac7bf7939768cbada43e49040765c8a230fece" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>&quot;Then the words don&#039;t <em>fit</em> you,&quot; said the King, looking round the court with a smile. There was a dead silence.</p>
<p>&quot;It&#039;s a pun!&quot; the King added in an angry tone, and everybody laughed.</p>
<p>&quot;Let the jury consider their verdict,&quot; the King said, for about the twentieth time that day.</p>
<p>&quot;No, no!&quot; said the Queen. &quot;Sentence first—verdict afterwards.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Stuff and nonsense!&quot; said Alice loudly. &quot;The idea of having the sentence first!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Hold your tongue!&quot; said the Queen, turning purple.</p>
<p>&quot;I won&#039;t!&quot; said Alice.</p>
<p>&quot;Off with her head!&quot; the Queen shouted at the top of her voice. Nobody moved.</p>
<p>&quot;Who cares for <em>you?</em>&quot; said Alice (she had grown to her full size by this time). &quot;You&#039;re nothing but a pack of cards!&quot;</p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00166" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[159]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_159" title="[159]"></span></span></p>
<p>At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and came flying down upon her: she gave a little scream, half of fright and half of anger, and tried to beat them off, and found herself lying on the bank, with her head in the lap of her sister, who was gently brushing away some dead leaves that had fluttered down from the trees upon her face.</p>
<p>&quot;Wake up, Alice dear!&quot; said her sister. &quot;Why, what a long sleep you&#039;ve had!&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;Oh, I&#039;ve had such a curious dream!&quot; said Alice, and she told her sister, as well as she could remember them, all these strange Adventures of hers that you have just been reading about; and when she had finished, her sister kissed her, and said &quot;It <em>was</em> a curious dream, dear, certainly: but now run in to your tea; it&#039;s getting late.&quot; So Alice got up and ran off, thinking while she ran, as well she might, what a wonderful dream it had been.</p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00167" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[160]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_160" title="[160]"></span></span></p>
<div class="unindent">
<br />
<br />
<br />
BUT her sister sat still just as she had left her, leaning her head, watching the setting sun, and thinking of little Alice and all her wonderful Adventures, till she too began dreaming after a fashion, and this was her dream:
</div>
<p>First, she dreamed of little Alice herself, and once again the tiny hands were clasped upon her knee, and the bright eager eyes were looking up into hers—she could hear the very tones of her voice, and see that queer little toss of her head to keep back the wandering hair that <em>would</em> always get into her eyes—and still as she listened, or seemed to listen, the whole place around her became alive with the strange creatures of her little sister&#039;s dream.</p>
<p>The long grass rustled at her feet as the White Rabbit hurried by—the frightened Mouse splashed his way through the neighbouring pool—she could hear the rattle of the teacups as the March Hare and his friends shared their never-ending meal, and the shrill voice of the Queen ordering off her unfortunate guests to execution—once more the pig-baby was sneezing on the Duchess&#039;<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00168" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[161]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_161" title="[161]"></span></span> knee, while plates and dishes crashed around it—once more the shriek of the Gryphon, the squeaking of the Lizard&#039;s slate-pencil, and the choking of the suppressed guinea-pigs, filled the air, mixed up with the distant sobs of the miserable Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>So she sat on with closed eyes, and half believed herself in Wonderland, though she knew she had but to open them again, and all would change to dull reality—the grass would be only rustling in the wind, and the pool rippling to the waving of the reeds—the rattling teacups would change to the tinkling sheep-bells, and the Queen&#039;s shrill cries to the voice of the shepherd boy—and the sneeze of the baby, the shriek of the Gryphon, and all the other queer noises, would change (she knew) to the confused clamour of the busy farm-yard—while the lowing of the cattle in the distance would take the place of the Mock Turtle&#039;s heavy sobs.</p>
<p>Lastly, she pictured to herself how this same little sister of hers would, in the after-time, be herself a grown woman; and how she would keep, through all her riper years, the simple and loving heart of her childhood:<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00169" class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[162]"><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_162" title="[162]"></span></span> and how she would gather about her other little children, and make <em>their</em> eyes bright and eager with many a strange tale, perhaps even with the dream of Wonderland of long ago: and how she would feel with all their simple sorrows, and find a pleasure in all their simple joys, remembering her own child-life, and the happy summer days.</p>
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<p><strong>Title</strong>: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland</p>
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<p><strong>Author</strong>: Lewis Carroll</p>
<p><strong>Contributor</strong>: Austin Dobson</p>
<p><strong>Illustrator</strong>: Arthur Rackham</p>
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<h1 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00002">ALICE'S
ADVENTURES<br />
IN WONDERLAND</h1>
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<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00005"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[v]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_v"></span></span></p>
<hr />
<div class="copyright">
<span class="smcap">Printed in England</span><br />

</div>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00006"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[vi]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_vi"></span></span></p>
<div class="poem">
<em>'Tis two score years since <span class="smcap">Carroll's</span>
art,</em><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>With topsy-turvy
magic,</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><em>Sent <span
class="smcap">Alice</span> wondering through a part</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>Half-comic and
half-tragic.</em></span><br />
<br />
<em>Enchanting <span class="smcap">Alice</span>!
Black-and-white</em><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>Has made your deeds
perennial;</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><em>And naught save "Chaos and old
Night"</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>Can part you now from <span
class="smcap">Tenniel</span>;</em></span><br />
<br />
<em>But still you are a Type, and based</em><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>In Truth, like <span
class="smcap">Lear</span> and <span
class="smcap">Hamlet</span>;</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><em>And Types may be re-draped to
taste</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>In cloth-of-gold or
camlet.</em></span><br />
<br />
<em>Here comes afresh Costumier, then;</em><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>That Taste may gain a
wrinkle</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><em>From him who drew with such deft
pen</em></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><em>The rags of <span
class="smcap">Rip Van Winkle</span>!</em></span><br />

</div>
<div class="sig">
<br />
<em>AUSTIN DOBSON.</em><br />

</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00007"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[vii]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_vii"></span></span></p>
<div class="poem">
<br />
<br />
All in the golden afternoon<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Full leisurely we glide;</span><br />
For both our oars, with little skill,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">By little arms are plied,</span><br />
While little hands make vain pretence<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Our wanderings to guide.</span><br />
<br />
Ah, cruel Three! In such an hour,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Beneath such dreamy
weather,</span><br />
To beg a tale of breath too weak<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">To stir the tiniest
feather!</span><br />
Yet what can one poor voice avail<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Against three tongues
together?</span><br />
<br />
Imperious Prima flashes forth<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Her edict "to begin it"—</span><br />
In gentler tone Secunda hopes<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">"There will be nonsense in
it!"—</span><br />
While Tertia interrupts the tale<br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00008"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[viii]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_viii"></span></span><span
style="margin-left: 1em;">Not <em>more</em> than once a
minute.</span><br />
<br />
Anon, to sudden silence won,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">In fancy they pursue</span><br />
The dream-child moving through a land<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Of wonders wild and new,</span><br />
In friendly chat with bird or beast—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And half believe it true.</span><br />
<br />
And ever, as the story drained<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">The wells of fancy dry.</span><br />
And faintly strove that weary one<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">To put the subject by,</span><br />
"The rest next time—" "It <em>is</em> next time!"<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">The happy voices cry.</span><br />
<br />
Thus grew the tale of Wonderland:<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Thus slowly, one by one,</span><br />
Its quaint events were hammered out—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And now the tale is done,</span><br />
And home we steer, a merry crew,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Beneath the setting sun.</span><br />
<br />
Alice! a childish story take,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And with a gentle hand</span><br />
Lay it where Childhood's dreams are twined<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">In Memory's mystic band,</span><br />
Like pilgrim's wither'd wreath of flowers<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Pluck'd in a far-off land.</span><br />

</div>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00009"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[ix]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_ix"></span></span></p>
<h2
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00010">CONTENTS</h2>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img src="360840914614224901_spine.jpg"
id="img_images_spine.jpg" alt="Book spine" /></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="Contents">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"> </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"> </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="small">PAGE</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">I. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">Down the
Rabbit-hole</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_1"
class="pginternal">1</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">II. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">The Pool of
Tears</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_13"
class="pginternal">13</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">III. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">A Caucus-race and a
Long Tale</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_24"
class="pginternal">24</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">IV. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">The Rabbit sends in a
Little Bill</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_35"
class="pginternal">35</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">V. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">Advice from a
Caterpillar</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_49"
class="pginternal">49</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">VI. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">Pig and
Pepper</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_64"
class="pginternal">64</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">VII. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">A Mad
Tea-party</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_82"
class="pginternal">82</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">VIII. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">The Queen's
Croquet-ground</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_96"
class="pginternal">96</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">IX. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">The Mock Turtle's
Story</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_111"
class="pginternal">111</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">X. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">The Lobster
Quadrille</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_126"
class="pginternal">126</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">XI. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">Who Stole the
Tarts?</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_139"
class="pginternal">139</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">XII. </td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><span class="smcap">Alice's
Evidence</span></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_150"
class="pginternal">150</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00011"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[xi]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_xi"></span></span></p>
<h2 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00012">LIST OF
THE PLATES</h2>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="List of Illustrations">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"> </td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><em>To face page</em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
Alice
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_front"
class="pginternal"><em>Frontispiece</em></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
The Pool of Tears
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_22"
class="pginternal">22</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
They all crowded round it panting and asking, "But who has won?"
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_28"
class="pginternal">28</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
"Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?"
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_36"
class="pginternal">36</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
Advice from a Caterpillar
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_50"
class="pginternal">50</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
An unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and very nearly carried it
off
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_70"
class="pginternal">70</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
It grunted again so violently that she looked down into its face in some
alarm
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_74"
class="pginternal">74</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
A Mad Tea-Party
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_84"
class="pginternal">84</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
The Queen turned angrily away from him and said to the Knave, "Turn them
over"
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_100"
class="pginternal">100</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
The Queen never left off quarrelling with the other players, and
shouting "Off with his head!" or, "Off with her head!"
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_116"
class="pginternal">116</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
The Mock Turtle drew a long breath and said, "That's very curious"
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_132"
class="pginternal">132</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
Who stole the Tarts?
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_140"
class="pginternal">140</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="hang1">
At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and came flying down upon
her
</div></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><a
href="#5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_158"
class="pginternal">158</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00013"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[1]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-0.htm.xhtml_Page_1"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER I
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Down the Rabbit-Hole</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 71px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_a.png" id="img_images_a.png" alt="A" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
LICE was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the
bank, and of having nothing to do: once or twice she had peeped into the
book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in
it, "and what is the use of a book," thought Alice, "without pictures or
conversations?"
</div>
<p>So she was considering in her own mind (as well as she could, for the
hot day made her feel very sleepy and stupid) whether the pleasure of
making a daisy-chain would be worth the trouble of getting up and
picking the daisies, when suddenly a White Rabbit with pink eyes ran
close by her.</p>
<p>There was nothing so <em>very</em> remarkable in that; nor did Alice
think it so <em>very</em> much out of the way to hear the Rabbit say to
itself, "Oh dear! Oh dear! I shall be too late!" (when<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00014"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[2]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_2"></span></span> she
thought it over afterwards, it occurred to her that she ought to have
wondered at this, but at the time it all seemed quite natural); but when
the Rabbit actually <em>took a watch out of its waistcoat-pocket</em>,
and looked at it, and then hurried on, Alice started to her feet, for it
flashed across her mind that she had never before seen a rabbit with
either a waistcoat-pocket, or a watch to take out of it, and burning
with curiosity, she ran across the field after it, and was just in time
to see it pop down a large rabbit-hole under the hedge.</p>
<p>In another moment down went Alice after it, never once considering
how in the world she was to get out again.</p>
<p>The rabbit-hole went straight on like a tunnel for some way, and then
dipped suddenly down, so suddenly that Alice had not a moment to think
about stopping herself before she found herself falling down what seemed
to be a very deep well.</p>
<div class="center">
<table class="rabbithole" data-summary="rabbithole">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 100%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="blockquot2">
<p>Either the well was very deep, or she fell very slowly, for she had
plenty of time as she went down to look about her, and to wonder what
was going to happen next. First, she<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00015"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[3]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_3"></span></span> tried
to look down and make out what she was coming to, but it was too dark to
see anything; then she looked at the sides of the well and noticed that
they were filled with cupboards and book-shelves: here and there she saw
maps and pictures hung upon pegs. She took down a jar from one of the
shelves as she passed; it was labelled "ORANGE MARMALADE," but to her
disappointment it was empty; she did not like to drop the jar for fear
of killing somebody<span class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[4]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_4"></span></span>
underneath, so managed to put it into one of the cupboards as she fell
past it.</p>
<p>"Well!" thought Alice to herself. "After such a fall as this, I shall
think nothing of tumbling down stairs! How brave they'll all think me at
home! Why, I wouldn't say anything about it, even if I fell off the top
of the house!" (Which was very likely true.)</p>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>Down, down, down. Would the fall <em>never</em> come to an end? "I
wonder how many miles I've fallen by this time?" she said aloud. "I must
be getting somewhere near the centre of the earth. Let me see: that
would be four thousand miles down. I think—" (for, you see, Alice had
learnt several things of this sort in her lessons in the schoolroom, and
though this was not a <em>very</em> good opportunity for showing off her
knowledge, as there was no one to listen to her, still it was good
practice to say it over) "—yes, that's about the right distance—but then
I wonder what Latitude or Longitude I've got to?" (Alice had no idea
what Latitude was, or Longitude either, but thought they were nice grand
words to say.)<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00016"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[5]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_5"></span></span></p>
<p>Presently she began again. "I wonder if I shall fall right
<em>through</em> the earth! How funny it'll seem to come out among the
people that walk with their heads downwards! The Antipathies, I think—"
(she was rather glad there <em>was</em> no one listening, this time, as
it didn't sound at all the right word) "—but I shall have to ask them
what the name of the country is, you know. Please, Ma'am, is this New
Zealand or Australia?" (and she tried to curtsey as she spoke—fancy
<em>curtseying</em> as you're falling through the air! Do you think you
could manage it?) "And what an ignorant little girl she'll think me! No,
it'll never do to ask: perhaps I shall see it written up somewhere."</p>
<p>Down, down, down. There was nothing else to do, so Alice soon began
talking again. "Dinah'll miss me very much to-night, I should think!"
(Dinah was the cat.) "I hope they'll remember her saucer of milk at
tea-time. Dinah, my dear, I wish you were down here with me! There are
no mice in the air, I'm afraid, but you might catch a bat, and that's
very like a mouse, you know. But do cats eat bats, I wonder?" And here
Alice<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00017"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[6]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_6"></span></span> began
to get rather sleepy, and went on saying to herself, in a dreamy sort of
way, "Do cats eat bats? Do cats eat bats?" and sometimes, "Do bats eat
cats?" for, you see, as she couldn't answer either question, it didn't
much matter which way she put it. She felt that she was dozing off, and
had just begun to dream that she was walking hand in hand with Dinah,
and saying to her very earnestly, "Now, Dinah, tell me the truth: did
you ever eat a bat?" when suddenly, thump! thump! down she came upon a
heap of sticks and dry leaves, and the fall was over.</p>
<p>Alice was not a bit hurt, and she jumped up on to her feet in a
moment: she looked up, but it was all dark overhead; before her was
another long passage, and the White Rabbit was still in sight, hurrying
down it. There was not a moment to be lost: away went Alice like the
wind, and was just in time to hear it say, as it turned a corner, "Oh my
ears and whiskers, how late it's getting!" She was close behind it when
she turned the corner, but the Rabbit was no longer to be seen: she
found herself in a long, low hall, which was lit up by a row of lamps
hanging from the roof.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00018"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[7]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_7"></span></span></p>
<p>There were doors all round the hall, but they were all locked; and
when Alice had been all the way down one side and up the other, trying
every door, she walked sadly down the middle, wondering how she was ever
to get out again.</p>
<p>Suddenly she came upon a little three-legged table, all made of solid
glass; there was nothing on it but a tiny golden key, and Alice's first
idea was that this might belong to one of the doors of the hall; but,
alas! either the locks were too large, or the key was too small, but at
any rate it would not open any of them. However, on the second time
round, she came upon a low curtain she had not noticed before, and
behind it was a little door about fifteen inches high: she tried the
little golden key in the lock, and to her great delight it fitted!</p>
<p>Alice opened the door and found that it led into a small passage, not
much larger than a rat-hole: she knelt down and looked along the passage
into the loveliest garden you ever saw. How she longed to get out of
that dark hall, and wander about among those beds of bright flowers and
those cool fountains, but<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00019"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[8]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_8"></span></span> she
could not even get her head through the doorway; <u>"</u>even if my head
would go through," thought poor Alice, "it would be of very little use
without my shoulders. Oh, how I wish I could shut up like a telescope! I
think I could, if I only knew how to begin." For, you see, so many
out-of-the-way things had happened lately, that Alice had begun to think
that very few things indeed were really impossible.</p>
<p>There seemed to be no use in waiting by the little door, so she went
back to the table, half hoping she might find another key on it, or at
any rate a book of rules for shutting people up like telescopes: this
time she found a little bottle on it ("which certainly was not here
before," said Alice,) and tied round the neck of the bottle was a paper
label, with the words "DRINK ME" beautifully printed on it in large
letters.</p>
<p>It was all very well to say "Drink me," but the wise little Alice was
not going to do <em>that</em> in a hurry. "No, I'll look first," she
said, "and see whether it's marked '<em>poison</em>' or not;" for she
had read several nice little stories about children who had got
burnt,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00020"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[9]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_9"></span></span> and
eaten up by wild beasts, and other unpleasant things, all because they
<em>would</em> not remember the simple rules their friends had taught
them: such as, that a red-hot poker will burn you if you hold it too
long; and that, if you cut your finger <em>very</em> deeply with a
knife, it usually bleeds; and she had never forgotten that, if you drink
much from a bottle marked "poison," it is almost certain to disagree
with you, sooner or later.</p>
<p>However, this bottle was <em>not</em> marked "poison," so Alice
ventured to taste it, and finding it very nice (it had, in fact, a sort
of mixed flavour of cherry-tart, custard, pineapple, roast turkey,
coffee, and hot buttered toast,) she very soon finished it off.</p>
<hr />
<p>"What a curious feeling!" said Alice. "I must be shutting up like a
telescope."</p>
<p>And so it was indeed: she was now only ten inches high, and her face
brightened up at the thought that she was now the right size for going
through that little door into that lovely garden. First, however,
she<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00021"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[10]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_10"></span></span>
waited for a few minutes to see if she was going to shrink any further:
she felt a little nervous about this: "for it might end, you know," said
Alice to herself, "in my going out altogether, like a candle. I wonder
what I should be like then?" And she tried to fancy what the flame of a
candle looks like after the candle is blown out, for she could not
remember ever having seen such a thing.</p>
<p>After a while, finding that nothing more happened, she decided on
going into the garden at once; but, alas for poor Alice! when she got to
the door, she found she had forgotten the little golden key, and when
she went back to the table for it, she found she could not possibly
reach it: she could see it quite plainly through the glass, and she
tried her best to climb up one of the legs of the table, but it was too
slippery; and when she had tired herself out with trying, the poor
little thing sat down and cried.</p>
<p>"Come, there's no use in crying like that!" said Alice to herself,
rather sharply. "I advise you to leave off this minute!" She generally
gave herself very good advice (though she very seldom followed it), and
sometimes she<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00022"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[11]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_11"></span></span>
scolded herself so severely as to bring tears into her eyes; and once
she remembered trying to box her own ears for having cheated herself in
a game of croquet she was playing against herself, for this curious
child was very fond of pretending to be two people. "But it's no use
now," thought poor Alice, "to pretend to be two people! Why there's
hardly enough of me left to make <em>one</em> respectable person!"</p>
<p>Soon her eye fell on a little glass box that was lying under the
table: she opened it, and found in it a very small cake, on which the
words "EAT ME" were beautifully marked in currants. "Well, I'll eat it,"
said Alice, "and if it makes me grow larger, I can reach the key; and if
it makes me grow smaller, I can creep under the door; so either way I'll
get into the garden, and I don't care which happens!"</p>
<p>She ate a little bit, and said anxiously to herself, "Which way?
Which way?" holding her hand on the top of her head to feel which way it
was growing, and she was quite surprised to find that she remained the
same size; to be sure, this is what generally happens<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00023"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[12]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_12"></span></span> when
one eats cake, but Alice had got so much into the way of expecting
nothing but out-of-the-way things to happen, that it seemed quite dull
and stupid for life to go on in the common way.</p>
<p>So she set to work, and very soon finished off the cake.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00024"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[13]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-1.htm.xhtml_Page_13"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER II
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Pool of Tears</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 80px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_c-quote.png" id="img_images_c-quote.png"
alt="&quot;C" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
URIOUSER and curiouser!" cried Alice (she was so much surprised, that
for a moment she quite forgot how to speak good English); "now I'm
opening out like the largest telescope that ever was! Good-bye, feet!"
(for when she looked down at her feet, they seemed to be almost out of
sight, they were getting so far off). "Oh, my poor little feet, I wonder
who will put on your shoes and stockings for you now, dears? I'm sure
<em>I</em> sha'n't be able! I shall be a great deal too far off to
trouble myself about you: you must manage the best way you can—but I
must be kind to them," thought Alice, "or perhaps they won't walk the
way I want to go! Let me see: I'll give them a new pair of boots every
Christmas."
</div>
<p>And she went on planning to herself how<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00025"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[14]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_14"></span></span> she
would manage it. "They must go by the carrier," she thought; "and how
funny it'll seem, sending presents to one's own feet! And how odd the
directions will look!</p>
<div class="poem">
Alice's Right Foot, Esq.<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Hearthrug,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4em;">near the Fender,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 6em;">(with Alice's love).</span><br />

</div>
<div class="unindent">
Oh dear, what nonsense I'm talking!"
</div>
<p>Just then her head struck against the roof of the hall: in fact she
was now rather more than nine feet high, and she at once took up the
little golden key and hurried off to the garden door.</p>
<p>Poor Alice! It was as much as she could do, lying down on one side,
to look through into the garden with one eye; but to get through was
more hopeless than ever: she sat down and began to cry again.</p>
<p>"You ought to be ashamed of yourself," said Alice, "a great girl like
you" (she might well say this), "to go on crying in this way! Stop this
moment, I tell you!" But she went on all the same, shedding gallons of
tears, until there was a large pool all round her,<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00026"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[15]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_15"></span></span>
about four inches deep and reaching half down the hall.</p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 183px;" role="figure"
aria-labelledby="ebm_caption0">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0015-image.png"
id="img_images_p0015-image.png" alt="Curiouser and Curiouser" /> <span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_ebm_caption0"
class="caption"><span class="smcap">Curiouser and
Curiouser</span></span>
</div>
<p>After a time she heard a little pattering of feet in the distance,
and she hastily dried her eyes to see what was coming. It was the White
Rabbit returning, splendidly dressed, with a pair of white kid gloves in
one hand and a large fan in the other: he came trotting along in a great
hurry, muttering to himself as he came, "Oh! the Duchess, the Duchess!
Oh! won't she be savage if I've kept her waiting!" Alice felt so
desperate that she was ready to ask help of<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00027"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[16]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_16"></span></span> any
one; so, when the Rabbit came near her, she began, in a low, timid
voice, "If you please, sir——" The Rabbit started violently, dropped the
white kid gloves and the fan, and scurried away into the darkness as
hard as he could go.</p>
<p>Alice took up the fan and gloves, and, as the hall was very hot, she
kept fanning herself all the time she went on talking! "Dear, dear! How
queer everything is to-day! And yesterday things went on just as usual.
I wonder if I've been changed during the night? Let me think:
<em>was</em> I the same when I got up this morning? I almost think I can
remember feeling a little different. But if I'm not the same, the next
question is, who in the world am I? Ah, <em>that's</em> the great
puzzle!" And she began thinking over all the children she knew that were
of the same age as herself, to see if she could have been changed for
any of them.</p>
<p>"I'm sure I'm not Ada," she said, "for her hair goes in such long
ringlets, and mine doesn't go in ringlets at all; and I'm sure I can't
be Mabel, for I know all sorts of things, and she, oh! she knows such a
very little!<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00028"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[17]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_17"></span></span>
Besides, <em>she's</em> she, and <em>I'm</em> I, and—oh dear, how
puzzling it all is! I'll try if I know all the things I used to know.
Let me see: four times five is twelve, and four times six is thirteen,
and four times seven is—oh dear! I shall never get to twenty at that
rate! However, the Multiplication Table doesn't signify: let's try
Geography. London is the capital of Paris, and Paris is the capital of
Rome, and Rome—no, <em>that's</em> all wrong, I'm certain! I must have
been changed for Mabel! I'll try and say '<em>How doth the
little——</em>'" and she crossed her hands on her lap as if she were
saying lessons, and began to repeat it, but her voice sounded hoarse and
strange, and the words did not come the same as they used to do:—</p>
<div class="poem">
"How doth the little crocodile<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Improve his shining tail,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">And pour the waters of the
Nile</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">On every golden scale!</span><br />
<br />
"How cheerfully he seems to grin,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">How neatly spreads his
claws,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">And welcomes little fishes
in,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">With gently smiling
jaws!"</span><br />

</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00029"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[18]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_18"></span></span></p>
<p>"I'm sure those are not the right words," said poor Alice, and her
eyes filled with tears again as she went on. "I must be Mabel, after
all, and I shall have to go and live in that poky little house, and have
next to no toys to play with, and oh! ever so many lessons to learn! No,
I've made up my mind about it; if I'm Mabel, I'll stay down here! It'll
be no use their putting their heads down and saying, 'Come up again,
dear!' I shall only look up and say, 'Who am I then? Tell me that first,
and then, if I like being that person, I'll come up: if not, I'll stay
down here till I'm somebody else'—but, oh dear!" cried Alice with a
sudden burst of tears, "I do wish they <em>would</em> put their heads
down! I am so <em>very</em> tired of being all alone here!"</p>
<p>As she said this she looked down at her hands, and was surprised to
see that she had put on one of the Rabbit's little white kid gloves
while she was talking. "How <em>can</em> I have done that?" she thought.
"I must be growing small again." She got up and went to the table to
measure herself by it, and found that, as nearly as she could guess, she
was now about two feet high, and was<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00030"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[19]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_19"></span></span>
going on shrinking rapidly: she soon found out that the cause of this
was the fan she was holding, and she dropped it hastily, just in time to
avoid shrinking away altogether.</p>
<p>"That <em>was</em> a narrow escape!" said Alice, a good deal
frightened at the sudden change, but very glad to find herself still in
existence; "and now for the garden!" and she ran with all speed back to
the little door: but alas! the little door was shut again, and the
little golden key was lying on the glass table as before, "and things
are worse than ever," thought the poor child, "for I never was so small
as this before, never! And I declare it's too bad, that it is!"</p>
<p>As she said these words her foot slipped, and in another moment,
splash! she was up to her chin in salt water. Her first idea was that
she had somehow fallen into the sea, "and in that case I can go back by
railway," she said to herself. (Alice had been to the seaside once in
her life, and had come to the general conclusion, that wherever you go
to on the English coast you find a number of bathing machines in the
sea, some children digging in the sand with wooden spades, then<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00031"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[20]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_20"></span></span> a
row of lodging houses, and behind them a railway station.) However, she
soon made out that she was in the pool of tears which she had wept when
she was nine feet high.</p>
<p>"I wish I hadn't cried so much!" said Alice, as she swam about,
trying to find her way out. "I shall be punished for it now, I suppose,
by being drowned in my own tears! That <em>will</em> be a queer thing,
to be sure! However, everything is queer to-day."</p>
<p>Just then she heard something splashing about in the pool a little
way off, and she swam nearer to make out what it was: at first she
thought it must be a walrus or hippopotamus, but then she remembered how
small she was now, and she soon made out that it was only a mouse that
had slipped in like herself.</p>
<p>"Would it be of any use now," thought Alice, "to speak to this mouse?
Everything is so out-of-the-way down here, that I should think very
likely it can talk: at any rate, there's no harm in trying." So she
began: "O Mouse, do you know the way out of this pool? I am very tired
of swimming about here, O Mouse!" (Alice thought this must<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00032"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[21]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_21"></span></span> be
the right way of speaking to a mouse; she had never done such a thing
before, but she remembered having seen in her brother's Latin Grammar,
"A mouse—of a mouse—to a mouse—a mouse—O mouse!") The Mouse looked at
her rather inquisitively, and seemed to her to wink with one of its
little eyes, but it said nothing.</p>
<p>"Perhaps it doesn't understand English," thought Alice; "I daresay
it's a French mouse, come over with William the Conqueror." (For, with
all her knowledge of history, Alice had no very clear notion how long
ago anything had happened.) So she began again: "Où est ma chatte?"
which was the first sentence in her French lesson-book. The Mouse gave a
sudden leap out of the water, and seemed to quiver all over with fright.
"Oh, I beg your pardon!" cried Alice hastily, afraid that she had hurt
the poor animal's feelings. "I quite forgot you didn't like cats."</p>
<p>"Not like cats!" cried the Mouse, in a shrill, passionate voice.
"Would <em>you</em> like cats if you were me?"</p>
<p>"Well, perhaps not," said Alice in a soothing tone: "don't be angry
about it. And yet<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00033"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[22]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_22"></span></span> I
wish I could show you our cat Dinah: I think you'd take a fancy to cats
if you could only see her. She is such a dear quiet thing," Alice went
on, half to herself, as she swam lazily about in the pool, "and she sits
purring so nicely by the fire, licking her paws and washing her face—and
she is such a nice soft thing to nurse—and she's such a capital one for
catching mice——oh, I beg your pardon!" cried Alice again, for this time
the Mouse was bristling all over, and she felt certain it must be really
offended. "We won't talk about her any more if you'd rather not."</p>
<p>"We, indeed!" cried the Mouse, who was trembling down to the end of
his tail. "As if <em>I</em> would talk on such a subject! Our family
always <em>hated</em> cats: nasty, low, vulgar things! Don't let me hear
the name again!"</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="Pool of tears">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>The Pool of Tears</em>    <br />
<br />
</td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0022-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0022-insert2.jpg" alt="The Pool of Tears" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>"I won't indeed!" said Alice, in a great hurry to change the subject
of conversation. "Are you—are you fond—of—of dogs?" The Mouse did not
answer, so Alice went on eagerly: "There is such a nice little dog near
our house I should like to show you! A little bright-eyed terrier, you
know, with oh, such long curly brown hair! And it'll fetch<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00034"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[23]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_23"></span></span>
things when you throw them, and it'll sit up and beg for its dinner, and
all sorts of things—I can't remember half of them—and it belongs to a
farmer, you know, and he says it's so useful, it's worth a hundred
pounds! He says it kills all the rats and—oh dear!" cried Alice in a
sorrowful tone, "I'm afraid I've offended it again!" For the Mouse was
swimming away from her as hard as it could go, and making quite a
commotion in the pool as it went.</p>
<p>So she called softly after it, "Mouse dear! Do come back again, and
we won't talk about cats or dogs either, if you don't like them!"</p>
<p>When the Mouse heard this, it turned round and swam slowly back to
her: its face was quite pale (with passion, Alice thought), and it said
in a low trembling voice, "Let us get to the shore, and then I'll tell
you my history, and you'll understand why it is I hate cats and
dogs."</p>
<p>It was high time to go, for the pool was getting quite crowded with
the birds and animals that had fallen into it: there were a Duck and a
Dodo, a Lory and an Eaglet, and several other curious creatures. Alice
led the way, and the whole party swam to the shore.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00035"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[24]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-2.htm.xhtml_Page_24"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER III
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>A Caucus-race and a Long Tale</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 75px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_t.png" id="img_images_t.png" alt="T" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
HEY were indeed a queer-looking party that assembled on the bank—the
birds with draggled feathers, the animals with their fur clinging close
to them, and all dripping wet, cross, and uncomfortable.
</div>
<p>The first question of course was, how to get dry again: they had a
consultation about this, and after a few minutes it seemed quite natural
to Alice to find herself talking familiarly with them, as if she had
known them all her life. Indeed, she had quite a long argument with the
Lory, who at last turned sulky, and would only say, "I am older than
you, and must know better;" and this Alice would not allow without
knowing how old it was, and, as the Lory positively refused to tell its
age, there was no more to be said.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00036"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[25]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_25"></span></span></p>
<p>At last the Mouse, who seemed to be a person of authority among them,
called out "Sit down, all of you, and listen to me! <em>I'll</em> soon
make you dry enough!" They all sat down at once, in a large ring, with
the Mouse in the middle. Alice kept her eyes anxiously fixed on it, for
she felt sure she would catch a bad cold if she did not get dry very
soon.</p>
<p>"Ahem!" said the Mouse with an important air. "Are you all ready?
This is the driest thing I know. Silence all round, if you please!
'William the Conqueror, whose cause was favoured by the pope, was soon
submitted to by the English, who wanted leaders, and had been of late
much accustomed to usurpation and conquest. Edwin and Morcar, the earls
of Mercia and Northumbria—'"</p>
<p>"Ugh!" said the Lory, with a shiver.</p>
<p>"I beg your pardon!" said the Mouse, frowning, but very politely.
"Did you speak?"</p>
<p>"Not I!" said the Lory hastily.</p>
<p>"I thought you did," said the Mouse, "—I proceed. 'Edwin and Morcar,
the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00037"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[26]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_26"></span></span>
earls of Mercia and Northumbria, declared for him: and even Stigand, the
patriotic Archbishop of Canterbury, found it advisable—'"</p>
<p>"Found <em>what?</em>" said the Duck.</p>
<p>"Found <em>it</em>," the Mouse replied rather crossly: "of course you
know what 'it' means."</p>
<p>"I know what 'it' means well enough, when <em>I</em> find a thing,"
said the Duck; "it's generally a frog or a worm. The question is, what
did the archbishop find?"</p>
<p>The Mouse did not notice this question, but hurriedly went on,
"'—found it advisable to go with Edgar Atheling to meet William and
offer him the crown. William's conduct at first was moderate. But the
insolence of his Normans—' How are you getting on now, my dear?" it
continued, turning to Alice as it spoke.</p>
<p>"As wet as ever," said Alice in a melancholy tone; "doesn't seem to
dry me at all."</p>
<p>"In that case," said the Dodo solemnly, rising to its feet, "I move
that the meeting adjourn, for the immediate adoption of more energetic
remedies——"</p>
<p>"Speak English!" said the Eaglet. "I<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00038"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[27]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_27"></span></span>
don't know the meaning of half those long words, and, what's more, I
don't believe you do either!" And the Eaglet bent down its head to hide
a smile: some of the other birds tittered audibly.</p>
<p>"What I was going to say," said the Dodo in an offended tone, "was
that the best thing to get us dry would be a Caucus-race."</p>
<p>"What <em>is</em> a Caucus-race?" said Alice; not that she much
wanted to know, but the Dodo had paused as if it thought that
<em>somebody</em> ought to speak, and no one else seemed inclined to say
anything.</p>
<p>"Why," said the Dodo, "the best way to explain it is to do it." (And,
as you might like to try the thing yourself some winter day, I will tell
you how the Dodo managed it.)</p>
<p>First it marked out a race-course, in a sort of circle, ("the exact
shape doesn't matter," it said,) and then all the party were placed
along the course, here and there. There was no "One, two, three, and
away," but they began running when they liked, and left off when they
liked, so that it was not easy to know when the race was over.
However,<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00039"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[28]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_28"></span></span> when
they had been running half an hour or so, and were quite dry again, the
Dodo suddenly called "The race is over!" and they all crowded round it,
panting, and asking "But who has won?"</p>
<p>This question the Dodo could not answer without a great deal of
thought, and it stood for a long time with one finger pressed upon its
forehead (the position in which you usually see Shakespeare, in the
pictures of him), while the rest waited in silence. At last the Dodo
said "<em>Everybody</em> has won, and <em>all</em> must have
prizes."</p>
<p>"But who is to give the prizes?" quite a chorus of voices asked.</p>
<p>"Why, <em>she</em>, of course," said the Dodo, pointing to Alice with
one finger; and the whole party at once crowded round her, calling out
in a confused way, "Prizes! Prizes!"</p>
<p>Alice had no idea what to do, and in despair she put her hand in her
pocket, and pulled out a box of comfits (luckily the salt water had not
got into it), and handed them round as prizes. There was exactly one
apiece all round.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="They all crowded round it">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>They all crowded round it panting
and asking, "But who has won?"</em><br />
</td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0028-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0028-insert2.jpg"
alt="They all crowded round it panting and asking,&quot;But who has won?&quot;" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00040"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[29]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_29"></span></span></p>
<p>"But she must have a prize herself, you know," said the Mouse.</p>
<p>"Of course," the Dodo replied very gravely.</p>
<p>"What else have you got in your pocket?" it went on, turning to
Alice.</p>
<p>"Only a thimble," said Alice sadly.</p>
<p>"Hand it over here," said the Dodo.</p>
<p>Then they all crowded round her once more, while the Dodo solemnly
presented the thimble, saying "We beg your acceptance of this elegant
thimble;" and, when it had finished this short speech, they all
cheered.</p>
<p>Alice thought the whole thing very absurd, but they all looked so
grave that she did not dare to laugh; and, as she could not think of
anything to say, she simply bowed, and took the thimble, looking as
solemn as she could.</p>
<p>The next thing was to eat the comfits; this caused some noise and
confusion, as the large birds complained that they could not taste
theirs, and the small ones choked and had to be patted on the back.
However, it was over at last, and they sat down again in<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00041"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[30]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_30"></span></span> a
ring, and begged the Mouse to tell them something more.</p>
<p>"You promised to tell me your history, you know," said Alice, "and
why it is you hate—C and D," she added in a whisper, half afraid that it
would be offended again.</p>
<div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0030-dormouse.png"
id="img_images_p0030-dormouse.png" alt="Alice and the Dormouse" />
</div>
<p>"Mine is a long and sad tale!" said the Mouse, turning to Alice and
sighing.</p>
<p>"It <em>is</em> a long tail, certainly," said Alice, looking down
with wonder at the Mouse's tail; "but why do you call it sad?" And she
kept on puzzling about it while the Mouse was speaking, so that her idea
of the tale was something like this:<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00042"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[31]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_31"></span></span>—</p>
<div class="poem">
"Fury said to<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="tale1">a mouse,
That</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4em;"><span class="tale2">he met in
the</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 6em;"><span class="tale3">house,
'Let</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 7em;"><span class="tale4">us both
go</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 8em;"><span class="tale5">to law:
<em>I</em></span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 9.5em;"><span class="tale6">will
prose-</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 10em;"><span class="tale7">cute
<em>you</em>.—</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 9.5em;"><span class="tale8">Come,
I'll</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 8.5em;"><span class="tale9">take no
de-</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 7.5em;"><span class="tale10">nial:
We</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 5.5em;"><span class="tale11">must
have</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3.5em;"><span class="tale12">the
trial;</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="tale13">For
really</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="tale14">this
morn-</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="tale15">ing
I've</span></span><br />
nothing<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="tale16">to
do.'</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="tale17">Said
the</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="tale18">mouse
to</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="tale19">the
cur,</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span class="tale20">'Such
a</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3em;"><span class="tale21">trial,
dear</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4em;"><span class="tale21">sir,
With</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4.5em;"><span class="tale23">no
jury</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 5.5em;"><span class="tale24">or
judge,</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 6.5em;"><span
class="tale25">would</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 7em;"><span class="tale26">be
wast-</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 6.5em;"><span class="tale27">ing
our</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 6em;"><span
class="tale28">breath.'</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 5em;"><span class="tale29">'I'll
be</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4.5em;"><span
class="tale30">judge,</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3.5em;"><span class="tale31">I'll
be</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span
class="tale32">jury,'</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span
class="tale33">said</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span
class="tale34">cun-</span></span><br />
<span class="tale35">ning</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span
class="tale36">old</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><span
class="tale37">Fury:</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span
class="tale38">'I'll</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span
class="tale39">try</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span
class="tale40">the</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3em;"><span
class="tale41">whole</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3.5em;"><span
class="tale42">cause,</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 4.5em;"><span
class="tale43">and</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 3.5em;"><span
class="tale44">con-</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span
class="tale45">demn</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="tale46">you
to</span></span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><span
class="tale47">death.'</span></span><br />

</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00043"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[32]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_32"></span></span></p>
<p>"You are not attending!" said the Mouse to Alice severely. "What are
you thinking of?"</p>
<p>"I beg your pardon," said Alice very humbly: "you had got to the
fifth bend, I think?"</p>
<p>"I had <em>not!</em>" cried the Mouse, angrily.</p>
<p>"A knot!" said Alice, always ready to make herself useful, and
looking anxiously about her. "Oh, do let me help to undo it!"</p>
<p>"I shall do nothing of the sort," said the Mouse, getting up and
walking away. "You insult me by talking such nonsense!"</p>
<p>"I didn't mean it!" pleaded poor Alice. "But you're so easily
offended, you know!"</p>
<p>The Mouse only growled in reply.</p>
<p>"Please come back and finish your story!" Alice called after it. And
the others all joined in chorus, "Yes, please do!" but the Mouse only
shook its head impatiently and walked a little quicker.</p>
<p>"What a pity it wouldn't stay!" sighed the Lory, as soon as it was
quite out of sight; and an old Crab took the opportunity of saying to
her daughter, "Ah, my dear!<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00044"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[33]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_33"></span></span> Let
this be a lesson to you never to lose <em>your</em> temper!"</p>
<p>"Hold your tongue, Ma!" said the young Crab, a little snappishly.
"You're enough to try the patience of an oyster!"</p>
<p>"I wish I had our Dinah here, I know I do!" said Alice aloud,
addressing nobody in particular. "She'd soon fetch it back!"</p>
<p>"And who is Dinah, if I might venture to ask the question?" said the
Lory.</p>
<p>Alice replied eagerly, for she was always ready to talk about her
pet: "Dinah's our cat. And <u>she's</u> such a capital one for catching
mice, you ca'n't think! And oh, I wish you could see her after the
birds! Why, she'll eat a little bird as soon as look at it!"</p>
<p>This speech caused a remarkable sensation among the party. Some of
the birds hurried off at once; one old Magpie began wrapping itself up
very carefully, remarking "I really must be getting home; the night-air
doesn't suit my throat!" and a Canary called out in a trembling voice to
its children "Come away, my dears! It's high time you were all in bed!"
On various pretexts they all moved off, and Alice was soon left
alone.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00045"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[34]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_34"></span></span></p>
<p>"I wish I hadn't mentioned Dinah!" she said to herself in a
melancholy tone. "Nobody seems to like her, down here, and I'm sure
she's the best cat in the world! Oh, my dear Dinah! I wonder if I shall
ever see you any more!" And here poor Alice began to cry again, for she
felt very lonely and low-spirited. In a little while, however, she again
heard a little pattering of footsteps in the distance, and she looked up
eagerly, half hoping that the Mouse had changed his mind, and was coming
back to finish his story.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00046"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[35]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-3.htm.xhtml_Page_35"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER IV
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>The Rabbit sends in a Little Bill</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 73px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_i.png" id="img_images_i.png" alt="I" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
T was the White Rabbit, trotting slowly back again, and looking
anxiously about as it went, as if it had lost something; and she heard
it muttering to itself, "The Duchess! The Duchess! Oh my dear paws! Oh
my fur and whiskers! She'll get me executed, as sure as ferrets are
ferrets! Where <em>can</em> I have dropped them, I wonder?" Alice
guessed in a moment that it was looking for the fan and the pair of
white kid gloves, and she very good-naturedly began hunting about for
them, but they were nowhere to be seen—everything seemed to have changed
since her swim in the pool, and the great hall, with the glass table and
the little door, had vanished completely.
</div>
<p>Very soon the Rabbit noticed Alice, as she went hunting about, and
called out to her in an angry tone, "Why, Mary Ann, what<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00047"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[36]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_36"></span></span>
<em>are</em> you doing out here? Run home this moment, and fetch me a
pair of gloves and a fan! Quick, now!" And Alice was so much frightened
that she ran off at once in the direction it pointed to, without trying
to explain the mistake it had made.</p>
<p>"He took me for his housemaid," she said to herself as she ran. "How
surprised he'll be when he finds out who I am! But I'd better take him
his fan and gloves—that is, if I can find them." As she said this, she
came upon a neat little house, on the door of which was a bright brass
plate with the name "W. RABBIT" engraved upon it. She went in without
knocking, and hurried up stairs, in great fear lest she should meet the
real Mary Ann, and be turned out of the house before she had found the
fan and gloves.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">"<em>Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing
out here?</em>"</td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0036-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0036-insert2.jpg"
alt="Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here?" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>"How queer it seems," Alice said to herself, "to be doing messages
for a rabbit! I suppose Dinah'll be sending me on messages next!" And
she began fancying the sort of thing that would happen: "'Miss Alice!
Come here directly, and get ready for your walk!' 'Coming in a minute,
nurse! But<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00048"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[37]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_37"></span></span> I've
got to watch this mouse-hole till Dinah comes back, and see that the
mouse doesn't get out.' Only I don't think," Alice went on, "that they'd
let Dinah stop in the house if it began ordering people about like
that!"</p>
<p>By this time she had found her way into a tidy little room with a
table in the window, and on it (as she had hoped) a fan and two or three
pairs of tiny white kid gloves: she took up the fan and a pair of the
gloves, and was just going to leave the room, when her eye fell upon a
little bottle that stood near the looking-glass. There was no label this
time with the words "DRINK ME," but nevertheless she uncorked it and put
it to her lips. "I know <em>something</em> interesting is sure to
happen," she said to herself, "whenever I eat or drink anything; so I'll
just see what this bottle does. I do hope it will make me grow large
again, for really I'm <u>quite</u> tired of being such a tiny little
thing!"</p>
<p>It did so indeed, and much sooner than she had expected: before she
had drunk half the bottle, she found her head pressing against the
ceiling, and had to stoop to save her neck from being broken. She
hastily put down<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00049"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[38]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_38"></span></span> the
bottle, saying to herself "That's quite enough—I hope I sha'n't grow any
more—As it is, I can't get out at the door—I do wish I hadn't drunk
quite so much!"</p>
<p>Alas! it was too late to wish that! She went on growing, and growing,
and very soon had to kneel down on the floor: in another minute there
was not even room for this, and she tried the effect of lying down with
one elbow against the door, and the other arm curled round her head.
Still she went on growing, and, as a last resource, she put one arm out
of the window, and one foot up the chimney, and said to herself "Now I
can do no more, whatever happens. What <em>will</em> become of me?"</p>
<p>Luckily for Alice, the little magic bottle had now had its full
effect, and she grew no larger: still it was very uncomfortable, and, as
there seemed to be no sort of chance of her ever getting out of the room
again, no wonder she felt unhappy.</p>
<p>"It was much pleasanter at home," thought poor Alice, "when one
wasn't always growing larger and smaller, and being ordered about by
mice and rabbits. I almost wish I hadn't gone<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00050"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[39]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_39"></span></span> down
that rabbit-hole—and yet—and yet—it's rather curious, you know, this
sort of life! I do wonder what <em>can</em> have happened to me! When I
used to read fairy-tales, I fancied that kind of thing never happened,
and now here I am in the middle of one! There ought to be a book written
about me, that there ought! And when I grow up, I'll write one—but I'm
grown up now," she added in a sorrowful tone; "at least there's no room
to grow up any more <em>here</em>."</p>
<p>"But then," thought Alice, "shall I <em>never</em> get any older than
I am now? That'll be a comfort, one way—never to be an old woman—but
then—always to have lessons to learn! Oh, I shouldn't like
<em>that!</em>"</p>
<p>"Oh, you foolish Alice!" she answered herself. "How can you learn
lessons in here? Why, there's hardly room for <em>you</em>, and no room
at all for any lesson-books!"</p>
<p>And so she went on, taking first one side and then the other, and
making quite a conversation of it altogether; but after a few minutes
she heard a voice outside, and stopped to listen.</p>
<p>"Mary Ann! Mary Ann!" said the voice.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00051"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[40]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_40"></span></span>
"Fetch me my gloves this moment!" Then came a little pattering of feet
on the stairs. Alice knew it was the Rabbit coming to look for her, and
she trembled till she shook the house, quite forgetting that she was now
about a thousand times as large as the Rabbit, and had no reason to be
afraid of it.</p>
<p>Presently the Rabbit came up to the door, and tried to open it; but,
as the door opened inwards, and Alice's elbow was pressed hard against
it, that attempt proved a failure. Alice heard it say to itself "Then
I'll go round and get in at the window."</p>
<p>"<em>That</em> you won't" thought Alice, and, after waiting till she
fancied she heard the Rabbit just under the window, she suddenly spread
out her hand, and made a snatch in the air. She did not get hold of
anything, but she heard a little shriek and a fall, and a crash of
broken glass, from which she concluded that it was just possible it had
fallen into a cucumber-frame, or something of the sort.</p>
<p>Next came an angry voice—the Rabbit's—"Pat! Pat! Where are you?" And
then a voice she had never heard before, "Sure<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00052"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[41]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_41"></span></span> then
I'm here! Digging for apples, yer honour!"</p>
<p>"Digging for apples, indeed!" said the Rabbit angrily. "Here! Come
and help me out of <em>this!</em>" (Sounds of more broken glass.)</p>
<p>"Now tell me, Pat, what's that in the window?"</p>
<p>"Sure, it's an arm, yer <u>honour.</u>" (He pronounced it
"arrum.")</p>
<p>"An arm, you goose! Who ever saw one that size? Why, it fills the
whole window!"</p>
<p>"Sure, it does, yer honour? but it's an arm for all that."</p>
<p>"Well, it's got no business there, at any rate: go and take it
away!"</p>
<p>There was a long silence after this, and Alice could only hear
whispers now and then; such as, "Sure, I don't like it, yer honour, at
all, at all!" "Do as I tell you, you coward!" and at last she spread out
her hand again, and made another snatch in the air. This time there were
<em>two</em> little shrieks, and more sounds of broken glass. "What a
number of cucumber-frames there must be!" thought Alice. "I wonder what
they'll do next! As<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00053"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[42]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_42"></span></span> for
pulling me out of the window, I only wish they <em>could!</em> I'm sure
<em>I</em> don't <u>want</u> to stay in here any longer!"</p>
<p>She waited for some time without hearing anything more: at last came
a rumbling of little cart-wheels, and the sound of a good many voices
all talking together: she made out the words: "Where's the other
ladder?—Why I hadn't to bring but one; Bill's got the other—Bill! Fetch
it here, lad!—Here, put 'em up at this corner—No, tie 'em together
first—they don't reach half high enough yet—Oh! they'll do well enough;
don't be particular—Here, Bill! catch hold of this rope—Will the roof
bear?—Mind that loose slate—Oh, it's coming down! Heads below!" (a loud
crash)—"Now, who did that?—It was Bill, I fancy—Who's to go down the
chimney?—Nay, <em>I</em> sha'n't! <em>You</em> do it!—<em>That</em> I
won't, then! Bill's to go down—Here, Bill! the master says you've to go
down the chimney!"</p>
<p>"Oh! So Bill's got to come down the chimney, has he?" said Alice to
herself. "Why, they seem to put everything upon Bill! I wouldn't be in
Bill's place for a good<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00054"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[43]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_43"></span></span>
deal: this fireplace is narrow, to be sure; but I <em>think</em> I can
kick a little!"</p>
<p>She drew her foot as far down the chimney as she could, and waited
till she heard a little animal (she couldn't guess of what sort it was)
scratching and scrambling about in the chimney close above her: then,
saying to herself "This is Bill," she gave one sharp kick, and waited to
see what would happen next.</p>
<p>The first thing she heard was a general chorus of "There goes Bill!"
then the Rabbit's voice alone—"Catch him, you by the hedge!" then
silence, and then another confusion of voices—"Hold up his head—Brandy
now—Don't choke him—How was it, old fellow? What happened to you? Tell
us all about it!"</p>
<p>At last came a little feeble, squeaking voice, ("That's Bill,"
thought Alice,) "Well, I hardly know—No more, thank ye; I'm better
now—but I'm a deal too flustered to tell you—all I know is, something
comes at me like a Jack-in-the-box, and up I goes like a
sky-rocket!"</p>
<p>"So you did, old fellow!" said the others.</p>
<p>"We must burn the house down!" said<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00055"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[44]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_44"></span></span> the
Rabbit's voice. And Alice called out as loud as she could, "If you do,
I'll set Dinah at you!"</p>
<p>There was a dead silence instantly, and Alice thought to herself "I
wonder what they <em>will</em> do next! If they had any sense, they'd
take the roof off." After a minute or two they began moving about again,
and Alice heard the Rabbit say "A barrowful will do, to begin with."</p>
<p>"A barrowful of <em>what?</em>" thought Alice. But she had not long
to doubt, for the next moment a shower of little pebbles came rattling
in at the window, and some of them hit her in the face. "I'll put a stop
to this," she said to herself, and shouted out "You'd better not do that
again!" which produced another dead silence.</p>
<p>Alice noticed with some surprise that the pebbles were all turning
into little cakes as they lay on the floor, and a bright idea came into
her head. "If I eat one of these cakes," she thought, "it's sure to make
<em>some</em> change in my size; and, as it can't possibly make me
larger, it must make me smaller, I suppose."<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00056"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[45]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_45"></span></span></p>
<p>So she swallowed one of the cakes, and was delighted to find that she
began shrinking directly. As soon as she was small enough to get through
the door, she ran out of the house, and found quite a crowd of little
animals and birds waiting outside. The poor little Lizard, Bill, was in
the middle, being held up by two guinea-pigs, who were giving it
something out of a bottle. They all made a rush at Alice the moment she
appeared; but she ran off as hard as she could, and soon found herself
safe in a thick wood.</p>
<p>"The first thing I've got to do," said Alice to herself, as she
wandered about in the wood, "is to grow to my right size again; and the
second thing is to find my way into that lovely garden. I think that
will be the best plan."</p>
<p>It sounded an excellent plan, no doubt, and very neatly and simply
arranged; the only difficulty was, that she had not the smallest idea
how to set about it; and, while she was peering about anxiously among
the trees, a little sharp bark just over her head made her look up in a
great hurry.</p>
<p>An enormous puppy was looking down at her with large round eyes, and
feebly stretching<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00057"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[46]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_46"></span></span> out
one paw, trying to touch her. "Poor little thing!" said Alice, in a
coaxing tone, and she tried hard to whistle to it; but she was terribly
frightened all the time at the thought that it might be hungry, in which
case it would be very likely to eat her up in spite of all her
coaxing.</p>
<p>Hardly knowing what she did, she picked up a little bit of stick, and
held it out to the puppy; whereupon the puppy jumped into the air off
all its feet at once, with a yelp of delight, and rushed at the stick,
and made believe to worry it; then Alice dodged behind a great thistle,
to keep herself from being run over; and, the moment she appeared on the
other side, the puppy made another rush at the stick, and tumbled head
over heels in its hurry to get hold of it; then Alice, thinking it was
very like having a game of play with a cart-horse, and expecting every
moment to be trampled under its feet, ran round the thistle again; then
the puppy began a series of short charges at the stick, running a little
way forwards each time and a long way back, and barking hoarsely all the
while, till at last it sat down a good way off, panting, with its<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00058"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[47]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_47"></span></span>
tongue hanging out of its mouth, and its great eyes half shut.</p>
<p>This seemed to Alice a good opportunity for making her escape; so she
set off at once, and ran till she was quite tired and out of breath, and
till the puppy's bark sounded quite faint in the distance.</p>
<p>"And yet what a dear little puppy it was!" said Alice, as she leant
against a buttercup to rest herself, and fanned herself with one of the
leaves. "I should have liked teaching it tricks very much, if—if I'd
only been the right size to do it! Oh, dear! I'd nearly forgotten that
I've got to grow up again! Let me see—how <em>is</em> it to be managed?
I suppose I ought to eat or drink something or other; but the great
question is, what?"</p>
<p>The great question certainly was, what? Alice looked all round her at
the flowers and the blades of grass, but she could not see anything that
looked like the right thing to eat or drink under the circumstances.
There was a large mushroom growing near her, about the same height as
herself; and, when she had looked under it, and on both sides of it, and
behind it, it occurred to her that she might<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00059"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[48]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_48"></span></span> as
well look and see what was on the top of it.</p>
<p>She stretched herself up on tiptoe, and peeped over the edge of the
mushroom, and her eyes immediately met those of a large blue
caterpillar, that was sitting on the top with its arms folded, quietly
smoking a long hookah, and taking not the smallest notice of her or of
anything else.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00060"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[49]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-4.htm.xhtml_Page_49"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER V
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Advice from a Caterpillar</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 75px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_t.png" id="img_images_t.png_1" alt="T" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
HE Caterpillar and Alice looked at each other for some time in silence:
at last the Caterpillar took the hookah out of its mouth, and addressed
her in a languid, sleepy voice.
</div>
<p>"Who are <em>you?</em>" said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>This was not an encouraging opening for a conversation. Alice
replied, rather shyly, "I hardly know, sir, just at present—at least I
know who I <em>was</em> when I got up this morning, but I think I must
have been changed several times since then."</p>
<p>"What do you mean by that?" said the Caterpillar sternly. "Explain
yourself!"</p>
<p>"I can't explain <em>myself</em>, I'm afraid, sir," said Alice,
"because I'm not myself, you see."</p>
<p>"I don't see," said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>"I'm afraid I can't put it more clearly," Alice replied very
politely, "for I can't understand<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00061"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[50]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_50"></span></span> it
myself to begin with; and being so many different sizes in a day is very
confusing."</p>
<p>"It isn't," said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>"Well, perhaps you haven't found it so yet," said Alice, "but when
you have to turn into a chrysalis—you will some day, you know—and then
after that into a butterfly, I should think you'll feel it a little
queer, won't you?"</p>
<p>"Not a bit," said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>"Well, perhaps your feelings may be different," said Alice; "all I
know is, it would feel very queer to <em>me</em>."</p>
<p>"You!" said the Caterpillar contemptuously. "Who are
<em>you?</em>"</p>
<p>Which brought them back again to the beginning of the conversation.
Alice felt a little irritated at the Caterpillar's making such
<em>very</em> short remarks, and she drew herself up and said, very
gravely, "I think you ought to tell me who <em>you</em> are, first."</p>
<p>"Why?" said the Caterpillar.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="Advice from a Caterpillar">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>Advice from a Caterpillar</em></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0050-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0050-insert2.jpg"
alt="Advice from a Caterpillar" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>Here was another puzzling question; and as Alice could not think of
any good reason, and as the Caterpillar seemed to be in a<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00062"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[51]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_51"></span></span>
<em>very</em> unpleasant state of mind, she turned away.</p>
<p>"Come back!" the Caterpillar called after her. "I've something
important to say!"</p>
<p>This sounded promising, certainly: Alice turned and came back
again.</p>
<p>"Keep your temper," said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>"Is that all?" said Alice, swallowing down her anger as well as she
could.</p>
<p>"No," said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>Alice thought she might as well wait, as she had nothing else to do,
and perhaps after all it might tell her something worth hearing. For
some minutes it puffed away without speaking, but at last it unfolded
its arms, took the hookah out of its mouth again, and said, "So you
think you're changed, do you?"</p>
<p>"I'm afraid I am, sir," said Alice; "I can't remember things as I
used—and I don't keep the same size for ten minutes together!"</p>
<p>"Can't remember <em>what</em> things?" said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>"Well, I've tried to say '<em>How doth the little busy bee</em>,' but
it all came different!" Alice replied in a very melancholy voice.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00063"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[52]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_52"></span></span></p>
<p>"Repeat '<em>You are old, Father William</em>,'" said the
Caterpillar.</p>
<p>Alice folded her hands, and began:—</p>
<div class="poem">
"You are old, Father William," the young man said,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">"And your hair has become very
white;</span><br />
And yet you incessantly stand on your head—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Do you think, at your age, it is
right?"</span><br />
<br />
"In my youth," Father William replied to his son,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">"I feared it might injure the
brain;</span><br />
But, now that I'm perfectly sure I have none,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Why, I do it again and
again."</span><br />
<br />
"You are old," said the youth, "as I mentioned before,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And have grown most uncommonly
fat;</span><br />
Yet you turned a back-somersault in at the door—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Pray, what is the reason of
that?"</span><br />
<br />
"In my youth," said the sage, as he shook his grey locks,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">"I kept all my limbs very
supple</span><br />
By the use of this ointment—one shilling the box—<br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00064"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[53]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_53"></span></span><span
style="margin-left: 1em;">Allow me to sell you a couple?"</span><br />
<br />
"You are old," said the youth, "and your jaws are too weak<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">For anything tougher than
suet;</span><br />
Yet you finished the goose, with the bones and the beak—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Pray, how did you manage to do
it?"</span><br />
<br />
"In my youth," said his father, "I took to the law<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And argued each case with my
wife;</span><br />
And the muscular strength, which it gave to my jaw,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Has lasted the rest of my
life."</span><br />
<br />
"You are old," said the youth, "one would hardly suppose<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">That your eye was as steady as
ever;</span><br />
Yet you balanced an eel on the end of your nose—<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">What made you so awfully
clever?"</span><br />
<br />
"I have answered three questions, and that is enough,"<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Said his father; "don't give yourself
airs!</span><br />
Do you think I can listen all day to such stuff?<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Be off, or I'll kick you down
stairs!"</span><br />

</div>
<p>"That is not said right," said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>"Not <em>quite</em> right, I'm afraid," said Alice,<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00065"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[54]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_54"></span></span>
timidly; "some of the words have got altered."</p>
<p>"It is wrong from beginning to end," said the Caterpillar, decidedly,
and there was silence for some minutes.</p>
<p>The Caterpillar was the first to speak.</p>
<p>"What size do you want to be?" it asked.</p>
<p>"Oh, I'm not particular as to size," Alice hastily replied; "only one
doesn't like changing so often, you know."</p>
<p>"I <em>don't</em> know," said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>Alice said nothing: she had never been so much contradicted in all
her life before, and she felt that she was losing her temper.</p>
<p>"Are you content now?" said the Caterpillar.</p>
<p>"Well, I should like to be a <em>little</em> larger, sir, if you
wouldn't mind," said Alice: "three inches is such a wretched height to
be."</p>
<p>"It is a very good height indeed!" said the Caterpillar angrily,
rearing itself upright as it spoke (it was exactly three inches
high).</p>
<p>"But I'm not used to it!" pleaded poor Alice in a piteous tone. And
she thought to herself, "I wish the creatures wouldn't be so easily
offended!"<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00066"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[55]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_55"></span></span></p>
<p>"You'll get used to it in time," said the Caterpillar; and it put its
hookah into its mouth and began smoking again.</p>
<p>This time Alice waited patiently until it chose to speak again. In a
minute or two the Caterpillar took the hookah out of its mouth and
yawned once or twice, and shook itself. Then it got down off the
mushroom, and crawled away into the grass, merely remarking as it went,
"One side will make you grow taller, and the other side will make you
grow shorter."</p>
<p>"One side of <em>what?</em> The other side of <em>what?</em>" thought
Alice to herself.</p>
<p>"Of the mushroom," said the Caterpillar, just as if she had asked it
aloud; and in another moment it was out of sight.</p>
<p>Alice remained looking thoughtfully at the mushroom for a minute,
trying to make out which were the two sides of it; and as it was
perfectly round, she found this a very difficult question. However, at
last she stretched her arms round it as far as they would go, and broke
off a bit of the edge with each hand.</p>
<p>"And now which is which?" she said to<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00067"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[56]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_56"></span></span>
herself, and nibbled a little of the right-hand bit to try the effect:
the next moment she felt a violent blow underneath her chin: it had
struck her foot!</p>
<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0056-image.png"
id="img_images_p0056-image.png" alt="She was frightened" />
</div>
<p>She was a good deal frightened by this very sudden change, but she
felt that there was no time to be lost, as she was shrinking rapidly; so
she set to work at once to eat some of the other bit. Her chin was
pressed so closely against her foot that there was hardly room to open
her mouth; but she did it at last, and managed to swallow a morsel of
the left-hand bit.</p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00068"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[57]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_57"></span></span></p>
<hr />
<p>"Come, my head's free at last!" said Alice in a tone of delight,
which changed into alarm in another moment, when she found that her
shoulders were nowhere to be found: all she could see, when she looked
down, was an immense length of neck, which seemed to rise like a stalk
out of a sea of green leaves that lay far below her.</p>
<p>"What <em>can</em> all that green stuff be?" said Alice. "And where
have my shoulders got to? And oh, my poor hands, how is it I ca'n't see
you?" She was moving them about as she spoke, but no result seemed to
follow, except a little shaking among the distant green leaves.</p>
<p>As there seemed to be no chance of getting her hands up to her head,
she tried to get her head down to them, and was delighted to find that
her neck would bend about easily in any direction, like a serpent. She
had just succeeded in curving it down into a graceful zigzag, and was
going to dive in among the leaves, which she found to be nothing but the
tops of the trees under which she had been wandering, when a sharp hiss
made her draw back in a hurry: a large<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00069"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[58]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_58"></span></span>
pigeon had flown into her face, and was beating her violently with its
wings.</p>
<p>"Serpent!" screamed the Pigeon.</p>
<p>"I'm <em>not</em> a serpent!" said Alice indignantly. "Let me
alone!"</p>
<p>"Serpent, I say again!" repeated the Pigeon, but in a more subdued
tone, and added with a kind of a sob, "I've tried every way, and nothing
seems to suit them!"</p>
<p>"I haven't the least idea what you're talking about," said Alice.</p>
<p>"I've tried the roots of trees, and I've tried banks, and I've tried
hedges," the Pigeon went on, without attending to her; "but those
serpents! There's no pleasing them!"</p>
<p>Alice was more and more puzzled, but she thought there was no use in
saying anything more till the Pigeon had finished.</p>
<p>"As if it wasn't trouble enough hatching the eggs," said the Pigeon;
"but I must be on the look-out for serpents night and day! Why, I
haven't had a wink of sleep these three weeks!"</p>
<p>"I'm very sorry you've been annoyed," said Alice, who was beginning
to see its meaning.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00070"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[59]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_59"></span></span></p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 332px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0059-image.png"
id="img_images_p0059-image.png" alt="As a tree" />
</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00071"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[61]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_61"></span></span></p>
<p>"And just as I'd taken the highest tree in the wood," continued the
Pigeon, raising its voice to a shriek, "and just as I was thinking I
should be free of them at last, they must needs come wriggling down from
the sky! Ugh, Serpent!"</p>
<p>"But I'm <em>not</em> a serpent, I tell you!" said Alice. "I'm a——
I'm a ——"</p>
<p>"Well! <em>What</em> are you?" said the Pigeon. "I can see you're
trying to invent something!"</p>
<p>"I—I'm a little girl," said Alice, rather doubtfully, as she
remembered the number of changes she had gone through that day.</p>
<p>"A likely story indeed!" said the Pigeon in a tone of the deepest
contempt. "I've seen a good many little girls in my time, but never
<em>one</em> with such a neck as that! No, no! You're a serpent; and
there's no use denying it. I suppose you'll be telling me next that you
never tasted an egg!"</p>
<p>"I <em>have</em> tasted eggs, certainly," said Alice, who was a very
truthful child; "but little girls eat eggs quite as much as serpents do,
you know."</p>
<p>"I don't believe it," said the Pigeon; "but<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00072"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[62]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_62"></span></span> if
they do, why then they're a kind of serpent, that's all I can say."</p>
<p>This was such a new idea to Alice, that she was quite silent for a
minute or two, which gave the Pigeon the opportunity of adding, "You're
looking for eggs, I know <em>that</em> well enough; and what does it
matter to me whether you're a little girl or a serpent?"</p>
<p>"It matters a good deal to <em>me</em>," said Alice hastily; "but I'm
not looking for eggs, as it happens; and if I was, I shouldn't want
<em>yours:</em> I don't like them raw."</p>
<p>"Well, be off, then!" said the Pigeon in a sulky tone, as it settled
down again into its nest. Alice crouched down among the trees as well as
she could, for her neck kept getting entangled among the branches, and
every now and then she had to stop and untwist it. After a while she
remembered that she still held the pieces of mushroom in her hands, and
she set to work very carefully, nibbling first at one and then at the
other, and growing sometimes taller and sometimes shorter, until she had
succeeded in bringing herself down to her usual height.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00073"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[63]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_63"></span></span></p>
<p>It was so long since she had been anything near the right size, that
it felt quite strange at first; but she got used to it in a few minutes,
and began talking to herself, as usual. "Come, there's half my plan done
now! How puzzling all these changes are! I'm never sure what I'm going
to be, from one minute to another! However, I've got back to my right
size: the next thing is, to get into that beautiful garden—how
<em>is</em> that to be done, I wonder?" As she said this, she came
suddenly upon an open place, with a little house in it about four feet
high. "Whoever lives there," thought Alice, "it'll never do to come upon
them <em>this</em> size: why, I should frighten them out of their wits!"
So she began nibbling at the right-hand bit again, and did not venture
to go near the house till she had brought herself down to nine inches
high.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00074"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[64]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-5.htm.xhtml_Page_64"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER VI
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Pig and Pepper</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 74px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_f.png" id="img_images_f.png" alt="F" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
OR a minute or two she stood looking at the house, and wondering what to
do next, when suddenly a footman in livery came running out of the
wood—(she considered him to be a footman because he was in livery:
otherwise, judging by his face only, she would have called him a
fish)—and rapped loudly at the door with his knuckles. It was opened by
another footman in livery, with a round face and large eyes like a frog;
and both footmen, Alice noticed, had powdered hair that curled all over
their heads. She felt very curious to know what it was all about, and
crept a little way out of the wood to listen.
</div>
<p>The Fish-Footman began by producing from under his arm a great
letter, nearly as large as himself, and this he handed over to the
other, saying, in a solemn tone, "For<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00075"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[65]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_65"></span></span> the
Duchess. An invitation from the Queen to play croquet." The Frog-Footman
repeated, in the same solemn tone, only changing the order of the words
a little, "From the Queen. An invitation for the Duchess to play
croquet."</p>
<p>Then they both bowed low, and their curls got entangled together.</p>
<p>Alice laughed so much at this, that she had to run back into the wood
for fear of their hearing her; and, when she next peeped out, the
Fish-Footman was gone, and the other was sitting on the ground near the
door, staring stupidly up into the sky.</p>
<p>Alice went timidly up to the door and knocked.</p>
<p>"There's no use in knocking," said the Footman, "and that for two
reasons. First, because I'm on the same side of the door as you are;
secondly, because they're making such a noise inside, no one could
possibly hear you." And certainly there was a most extraordinary noise
going on within—a constant howling and sneezing, and every now and then
a great crash, as if a dish or kettle had been broken to pieces.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00076"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[66]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_66"></span></span></p>
<p>"Please, then," said Alice, "how am I to get in?"</p>
<p>"There might be some sense in your knocking," the Footman went on
without attending to her, "if we had the door between us. For instance,
if you were <em>inside</em>, you might knock, and I could let you out,
you know." He was looking up into the sky all the time he was speaking,
and this Alice thought decidedly uncivil. "But perhaps he can't help
it," she said to herself: "his eyes are so <em>very</em> nearly at the
top of his head. But at any rate he might answer questions. How am I to
get in?" she repeated aloud.</p>
<p>"I shall sit here," the Footman remarked, "till
to-morrow——<u>"</u></p>
<p>At this moment the door of the house opened, and a large plate came
skimming out, straight at the Footman's head: it just grazed his nose,
and broke to pieces against one of the trees behind him.</p>
<p>"——or next day, maybe," the Footman continued in the same tone,
exactly as if nothing had happened.</p>
<p>"How am I to get in?" asked Alice again in a louder tone.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00077"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[67]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_67"></span></span></p>
<p>"<em>Are</em> you to get in at all?" said the Footman. "That's the
first question, you know."</p>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 351px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0067-image.png"
id="img_images_p0067-image.png" alt="The Footman and Alice" />
</div>
<p>It was, no doubt: only Alice did not like to be told so. "It's really
dreadful," she muttered to herself, "the way all the<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00078"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[68]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_68"></span></span>
creatures argue. It's enough to drive one crazy!"</p>
<p>The Footman seemed to consider this a good opportunity for repeating
his remark, with variations. "I shall sit here," he said, "on and off,
for days and days."</p>
<p>"But what am <em>I</em> to do?" said Alice.</p>
<p>"Anything you like," said the Footman, and began whistling.</p>
<p>"Oh, there's no use in talking to him," said Alice desperately: "he's
perfectly idiotic!" And she opened the door and went in.</p>
<p>The door led right into a large kitchen, which was full of smoke from
one end to the other: the Duchess was sitting on a three-legged stool in
the middle, nursing a baby, the cook was leaning over the fire, stirring
a large cauldron which seemed to be full of soup.</p>
<p>"There's certainly too much pepper in that soup!" Alice said to
herself, as well as she could for sneezing.</p>
<p>There was certainly too much of it in the air. Even the Duchess
sneezed occasionally; and the baby was sneezing and howling
alternately<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00079"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[69]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_69"></span></span>
without a moment's pause. The only things in the kitchen that did not
sneeze, were the cook, and a large cat which was sitting on the hearth
and grinning from ear to ear.</p>
<p>"Please would you tell me," said Alice a little timidly, for she was
not quite sure whether it was good manners for her to speak first, "why
your cat grins like that?"</p>
<p>"It's a Cheshire <u>cat,"</u> said the Duchess, "and that's why.
Pig!"</p>
<p>She said the last word with such sudden violence that Alice quite
jumped; but she saw in another moment that it was addressed to the baby,
and not to her, so she took courage, and went on again:</p>
<p>"I didn't know that Cheshire cats always grinned; in fact, I didn't
know that cats <em>could</em> grin."</p>
<p>"They all can," said the Duchess; "and most of 'em do."</p>
<p>"I don't know of any that do," Alice said very politely, feeling
quite pleased to have got into a conversation.</p>
<p>"You don't know much," said the Duchess; "and that's a fact."</p>
<p>Alice did not at all like the tone of this<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00080"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[70]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_70"></span></span>
remark, and thought it would be as well to introduce some other subject
of conversation. While she was trying to fix on one, the cook took the
cauldron of soup off the fire, and at once set to work throwing
everything within her reach at the Duchess and the baby—the fire-irons
came first; then followed a shower of saucepans, plates, and dishes. The
Duchess took no notice of them even when they hit her; and the baby was
howling so much already, that it was quite impossible to say whether the
blows hurt it or not.</p>
<p>"Oh, <em>please</em> mind what you're doing!" cried Alice, jumping up
and down in an agony of terror. "Oh, there goes his <em>precious</em>
nose"; as an unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and very nearly
carried it off.</p>
<p>"If everybody minded their own business," the Duchess said in a
hoarse growl, "the world would go round a deal faster than it does."</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="An unusually large saucepan flew close by it">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>An unusually large saucepan flew
close by it, and very nearly carried it off</em><br />
</td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0070-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0070-insert2.jpg"
alt="An unusually large saucepan flew close by it, and very nearly carried it off" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>"Which would <em>not</em> be an advantage," said Alice, who felt very
glad to get an opportunity of showing off a little of her knowledge.
"Just think what work it would make with the day and night! You see the
earth takes<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00081"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[71]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_71"></span></span>
twenty-four hours to turn round on its axis——"</p>
<p>"Talking of axes," said the Duchess, "chop off her head."</p>
<p>Alice glanced rather anxiously at the cook, to see if she meant to
take the hint; but the cook was busily engaged in stirring the soup, and
did not seem to be listening, so she ventured to go on again:
"Twenty-four hours, I <em>think;</em> or is it twelve? I——"</p>
<p>"Oh, don't bother <em>me</em>," said the Duchess; "I never could
abide figures!" And with that she began nursing her child again, singing
a sort of lullaby to it as she did so, and giving it a violent shake at
the end of every line:</p>
<div class="poem">
"Speak roughly to your little boy,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And beat him when he
sneezes:</span><br />
He only does it to annoy,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Because he knows it
teases."</span><br />

</div>
<div class="center">
<br />
<span class="smcap">Chorus</span><br />
(In which the cook and the baby joined):<br />
"Wow! wow! wow!"<br />

</div>
<p>While the Duchess sang the second verse of the song, she kept tossing
the baby violently<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00082"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[72]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_72"></span></span> up
and down, and the poor little thing howled so, that Alice could hardly
hear the words:</p>
<div class="poem">
"I speak severely to my boy,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">I beat him when he sneezes;</span><br />
For he can thoroughly enjoy<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">The pepper when he
pleases!"</span><br />

</div>
<div class="center">
<br />
<span class="smcap">Chorus.</span><br />
"Wow! wow! wow!"<br />

</div>
<p>"Here! you may nurse it a bit if you like!" the Duchess said to
Alice, flinging the baby at her as she spoke. "I must go and get ready
to play croquet with the Queen," and she hurried out of the room. The
cook threw a frying-pan after her as she went out, but it just missed
her.</p>
<p>Alice caught the baby with some difficulty, as it was a queer-shaped
little creature, and held out its arms and legs in all directions, "just
like a star-fish," thought Alice. The poor little thing was snorting
like a steam-engine when she caught it, and kept doubling itself up and
straightening itself out again, so that altogether, for the first minute
or two, it was as much as she could do to hold it.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00083"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[73]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_73"></span></span></p>
<p>As soon as she had made out the proper way of nursing it, (which was
to twist it up into a knot, and then keep tight hold of its right ear
and left foot, so as to prevent its undoing itself,) she carried it out
into the open air. "If I don't take this child away with me," thought
Alice, "they're sure to kill it in a day or two: wouldn't it be murder
to leave it behind?" She said the last words out loud, and the little
thing grunted in reply (it had left off sneezing by this time). "Don't
grunt," said Alice; "that's not at all a proper way of expressing
yourself."</p>
<p>The baby grunted again, and Alice looked very anxiously into its face
to see what was the matter with it. There could be no doubt that it had
a <em>very</em> turn-up nose, much more like a snout than a real nose;
also its eyes were getting extremely small for a baby: altogether Alice
did not like the look of the thing at all. "But perhaps it was only
sobbing," she thought, and looked into its eyes again, to see if there
were any tears.</p>
<p>No, there were no tears. "If you're going to turn into a pig, my
dear," said Alice, seriously, "I'll have nothing more to do<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00084"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[74]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_74"></span></span> with
you. Mind now!" The poor little thing sobbed again (or grunted, it was
impossible to say which), and they went on for some while in
silence.</p>
<p>Alice was just beginning to think to herself, "Now, what am I to do
with this creature when I get it home?" when it grunted again, so
violently, that she looked down into its face in some alarm. This time
there could be <em>no</em> mistake about it: it was neither more nor
less than a pig, and she felt that it would be quite absurd for her to
carry it any further.</p>
<p>So she set the little creature down, and felt quite relieved to see
it trot quietly away into the wood. "If it had grown up," she said to
herself, "it would have made a dreadfully ugly child: but it makes
rather a handsome pig, I think." And she began thinking over other
children she knew, who might do very well as pigs, and was just saying
to herself, "if one only knew the right way to change them——" when she
was a little startled by seeing the Cheshire Cat sitting on a bough of a
tree a few yards off.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="It grunted again so violently">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>It grunted again so violently that
she looked down into its face in some alarm</em></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0074-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0074-insert2.jpg"
alt="It grunted again so violently that she looked down into its face in some alarm" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>The Cat only grinned when it saw Alice.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00085"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[75]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_75"></span></span> It
looked good-natured, she thought: still it had <em>very</em> long claws
and a great many teeth, so she felt that it ought to be treated with
respect.</p>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0075-image.png"
id="img_images_p0075-image.png" alt="Cheshire cat in a tree" />
</div>
<p>"Cheshire Puss," she began, rather timidly, as she did not at all
know whether it would like the name: however, it only grinned a little
wider. "Come, it's pleased so far," thought Alice, and she went on.
"Would you tell me, please, which way I ought to go from here?"</p>
<p>"That depends a good deal on where you want to get to," said the
Cat.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00086"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[76]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_76"></span></span></p>
<p>"I don't much care where——" said Alice.</p>
<p>"Then it doesn't matter which way you go," said the Cat.</p>
<p>"—— so long as I get <em>somewhere</em>," Alice added as an
explanation.</p>
<p>"Oh, you're sure to do that," said the Cat, "if you only walk long
enough."</p>
<p>Alice felt that this could not be denied, so she tried another
question. "What sort of people live about here?"</p>
<p>"In <em>that</em> direction," the Cat said, waving its right paw
round, "lives a Hatter: and in <em>that</em> direction," waving the
other paw, "lives a March Hare. Visit either you like: they're both
mad."</p>
<p>"But I don't want to go among mad people," Alice remarked.</p>
<p>"Oh, you ca'n't help that," said the Cat: "we're all mad here. I'm
mad. You're mad."</p>
<p>"How do you know I'm mad?" said Alice.</p>
<p>"You must be," said the Cat, "or you wouldn't have come here."</p>
<p>Alice didn't think that proved it at all; however, she went on. "And
how do you know that you're mad?"<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00087"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[77]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_77"></span></span></p>
<p>"To begin with," said the Cat, "a dog's not mad. You grant that?"</p>
<p>"I suppose so," said Alice.</p>
<p>"Well, then," the Cat went on, "you see a dog growls when it's angry,
and wags its tail when it's pleased. Now <em>I</em> growl when I'm
pleased, and wag my tail when I'm angry. Therefore I'm mad."</p>
<p>"<em>I</em> call it purring, not growling," said Alice.</p>
<p>"Call it what you like," said the Cat. "Do you play croquet with the
Queen to-day?"</p>
<p>"I should like it very much," said Alice, "but I haven't been invited
yet."</p>
<p>"You'll see me there," said the Cat and vanished.</p>
<p>Alice was not much surprised at this, she was getting so used to
queer things happening. While she was looking at the place where it had
been, it suddenly appeared again.</p>
<p>"By-the-bye, what became of the baby?" said the Cat. "I'd nearly
forgotten to ask."</p>
<p>"It turned into a pig," Alice quietly said, just as if it had come
back in a natural way.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00088"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[78]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_78"></span></span></p>
<p>"I thought it would," said the Cat, and vanished again.</p>
<p>Alice waited a little, half expecting to see it again, but it did not
appear, and after a minute or two she walked on in the direction in
which the March Hare was said to live. "I've seen hatters before," she
said to herself; "the March Hare will be much the most interesting, and
perhaps as this is May, it won't be raving mad—at least not so mad as it
was in March." As she said this, she looked up, and there was the Cat
again, sitting on the branch of a tree.</p>
<p>"Did you say pig, or fig?" said the Cat.</p>
<p>"I said pig," replied Alice; "and I wish you wouldn't keep appearing
and vanishing so suddenly: you make one quite giddy."</p>
<p>"All right," said the Cat; and this time it vanished quite slowly,
beginning with the end of the tail, and ending with the grin, which
remained some time after the rest of it had gone.</p>
<p>"Well! I've often seen a cat without a grin," thought Alice; "but a
grin without a cat! It's the most curious thing I ever saw in all my
life."<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00089"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[79]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_79"></span></span></p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 372px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0079-image.png"
id="img_images_p0079-image.png" alt="Cheshire cat again" />
</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00090"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[81]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_81"></span></span></p>
<p>She had not gone much farther before she came in sight of the house
of the March Hare: she thought it must be the right house, because the
chimneys were shaped like ears and the roof was thatched with fur. It
was so large a house, that she did not like to go nearer till she had
nibbled some more of the left-hand bit of mushroom, and raised herself,
to about two feet high: even then she walked up towards it rather
timidly, saying to herself, "Suppose it should be raving mad after all!
I almost wish I'd gone to see the Hatter instead!"</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00091"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[82]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-6.htm.xhtml_Page_82"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER VII
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>A Mad Tea-party</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 75px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_t.png" id="img_images_t.png_2" alt="T" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
HERE was a table set out under a tree in front of the house, and the
March Hare and the Hatter were having tea at it: a Dormouse was sitting
between them, fast asleep, and the other two were using it as a cushion
resting their elbows on it, and talking over its head. "Very
uncomfortable for the Dormouse," thought Alice; "only as it's asleep,
suppose it doesn't mind."
</div>
<p>The table was a large one, but the three were all crowded together at
one corner of it. "No room! No room!" they cried out when they saw Alice
coming.</p>
<p>"There's <em>plenty</em> of room!" said Alice indignantly, and she
sat down in a large arm-chair at one end of the table.</p>
<p>"Have some wine," the March Hare said in an encouraging tone.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00092"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[83]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_83"></span></span></p>
<p>Alice looked all round the table, but there was nothing on it but
tea. "I don't see any wine," she remarked.</p>
<p>"There isn't any," said the March Hare.</p>
<p>"Then it wasn't very civil of you to offer it," said Alice
angrily.</p>
<p>"It wasn't very civil of you to sit down without being invited," said
the March Hare.</p>
<p>"I didn't know it was <em>your</em> table," said Alice; "it's laid
for a great many more than three."</p>
<p>"Your hair wants cutting," said the Hatter. He had been looking at
Alice for some time with great curiosity, and this was his first
speech.</p>
<p>"You should learn not to make personal remarks," Alice said with some
severity; "it's very rude."</p>
<p>The Hatter opened his eyes very wide on hearing this; but all he
<em>said</em> was "Why is a raven like a writing-desk?"</p>
<p>"Come, we shall have some fun now!" thought Alice. "I'm glad they've
begun asking riddles.—I believe I can guess that," she added aloud.</p>
<p>"Do you mean that you think you can<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00093"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[84]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_84"></span></span> find
out the answer to it?" said the March Hare.</p>
<p>"Exactly so," said Alice.</p>
<p>"Then you should say what you mean," the March Hare went on.</p>
<p>"I do," Alice hastily replied; "at least—at least I mean what I
say—that's the same thing, you know."</p>
<p>"Not the same thing a bit!" said the Hatter. "Why, you might just as
well say that 'I see what I eat' is the same thing as 'I eat what I
see'!"</p>
<p>"You might just as well say," added the March Hare, "that 'I like
what I get' is the same thing as 'I get what I like'!"</p>
<p>"You might just as well say," added the Dormouse, which seemed to be
talking in his sleep, "that 'I breathe when I sleep' is the same thing
as 'I sleep when I breathe'!"</p>
<p>"It <em>is</em> the same thing with you," said the Hatter; and here
the conversation dropped, and the party sat silent for a minute, while
Alice thought over all she could remember about ravens and
writing-desks, which wasn't much.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="A Mad Tea Party">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>A Mad Tea Party</em></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0084-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0084-insert2.jpg" alt="A Mad Tea Party" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>The Hatter was the first to break the<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00094"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[85]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_85"></span></span>
silence. "What day of the month is it?" he said, turning to Alice: he
had taken his watch out of his pocket, and was looking at it uneasily,
shaking it every now and then, and holding it to his ear.</p>
<p>Alice considered a little, and then said "The fourth."</p>
<p>"Two days wrong!" sighed the Hatter. "I told you butter would not
suit the works!" he added, looking angrily at the March Hare.</p>
<p>"It was the <em>best</em> butter," the March Hare meekly replied.</p>
<p>"Yes, but some crumbs must have got in as well," the Hatter grumbled:
"you shouldn't have put it in with the bread-knife."</p>
<p>The March Hare took the watch and looked at it gloomily: then he
dipped it into his cup of tea, and looked at it again: but he could
think of nothing better to say than his first remark, "It was the
<em>best</em> butter, you know."</p>
<p>Alice had been looking over his shoulder with some curiosity. "What a
funny watch!" she remarked. "It tells the day of the month, and doesn't
tell what o'clock it is!"</p>
<p>"Why should it?" muttered the Hatter. "Does <em>your</em> watch tell
you what year it is?"<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00095"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[86]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_86"></span></span></p>
<p>"Of course not," Alice replied very readily: "but that's because it
stays the same year for such a long time together."</p>
<p>"Which is just the case with <em>mine</em>," said the Hatter.</p>
<p>Alice felt dreadfully puzzled. The Hatter's remark seemed to have no
meaning in it, and yet it was certainly English. "I don't quite
understand," she said, as politely as she could.</p>
<p>"The Dormouse is asleep again," said the Hatter, and he poured a
little hot tea upon its nose.</p>
<p>The Dormouse shook its head impatiently, and said, without opening
its eyes, "Of course, of course; just what I was going to remark
myself."</p>
<p>"Have you guessed the riddle yet?" the Hatter said, turning to Alice
again.</p>
<p>"No, I give it up," Alice replied: "what's the answer?"</p>
<p>"I haven't the slightest idea," said the Hatter.</p>
<p>"Nor I," said the March Hare.</p>
<p>Alice sighed wearily. "I think you might do something better with the
time," she said,<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00096"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[87]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_87"></span></span>
"than wasting it asking riddles with no answers."</p>
<p>"If you knew Time as well as I do," said the Hatter, "you wouldn't
talk about wasting <em>it</em>. It's <em>him</em>."</p>
<p>"I don't know what you mean," said Alice.</p>
<p>"Of course you don't!" the Hatter said, tossing his head
contemptuously. "I daresay you never spoke to Time!"</p>
<p>"Perhaps not," Alice cautiously replied: "but I know I have to beat
time when I learn music."</p>
<p>"Ah! that accounts for it," said the Hatter. "He won't stand beating.
Now, if you only kept on good terms with him, he'd do almost anything
you liked with the clock. For instance, suppose it were nine o'clock in
the morning, just time to begin lessons: you'd only have to whisper a
hint to Time, and round goes the clock in a twinkling! Half-past one,
time for dinner!"</p>
<p>("I only wish it was," the March Hare said to itself in a
whisper.)</p>
<p>"That would be grand, certainly," said Alice thoughtfully: "but
then—I shouldn't be hungry for it, you know."<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00097"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[88]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_88"></span></span></p>
<p>"Not at first, perhaps," said the Hatter: "but you could keep it to
half-past one as long as you liked."</p>
<p>"Is that the way <em>you</em> manage?" Alice asked.</p>
<p>The Hatter shook his head mournfully. "Not I!" he replied. "We
quarrelled last March——just before <em>he</em> went mad, you know——"
(pointing with his teaspoon to the March Hare), "it was at the great
concert given by the Queen of Hearts, and I had to sing</p>
<div class="poem">
'Twinkle, twinkle, little bat!<br />
How I wonder what you're at!'<br />

</div>
<div class="unindent">
You know that song, perhaps?"
</div>
<p>"I've heard something like it," said Alice.</p>
<p>"It goes on, you know," the Hatter continued, "in this way:—</p>
<div class="poem">
'Up above the world you fly,<br />
Like a tea-tray in the sky.<br />
<span style="margin-left: 6em;">Twinkle, twinkle——'"</span><br />

</div>
<p>Here the Dormouse shook itself, and began singing in its sleep
"<em>Twinkle, twinkle, twinkle, twinkle</em>——" and went on so long that
they had to pinch it to make it stop.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00098"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[89]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_89"></span></span></p>
<p>"Well, I'd hardly finished the first verse," said the Hatter, "when
the Queen jumped up and bawled out 'He's murdering the time! Off with
his head!'"</p>
<p>"How dreadfully savage!" exclaimed Alice.</p>
<p>"And ever since that," the Hatter went on in a mournful tone, "he
won't do a thing I ask! It's always six o'clock now."</p>
<p>A bright idea came into Alice's head. "Is that the reason so many
tea-things are put out here?" she asked.</p>
<p>"Yes, that's it," said the Hatter with a sigh: "it's always tea-time,
and we've no time to wash the things between whiles."</p>
<p>"Then you keep moving round, I suppose?" said Alice.</p>
<p>"Exactly so," said the Hatter: "as the things get used up."</p>
<p>"But what happens when you come to the beginning again?" Alice
ventured to ask.</p>
<p>"Suppose we change the subject," the March Hare interrupted, yawning.
"I'm getting tired of this. I vote the young lady tells us a
story."<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00099"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[90]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_90"></span></span></p>
<p>"I'm afraid I don't know one," said Alice, rather alarmed at the
proposal.</p>
<p>"Then the Dormouse shall!" they both cried. "Wake up, Dormouse!" And
they pinched it on both sides at once.</p>
<p>The Dormouse slowly opened his eyes. "I wasn't asleep," he said in a
hoarse, feeble voice: "I heard every word you fellows were saying."</p>
<p>"Tell us a story!" said the March Hare.</p>
<p>"Yes, please do!" pleaded Alice.</p>
<p>"And be quick about it," added the Hatter, "or you'll be asleep again
before it's done."</p>
<p>"Once upon a time there were three little sisters," the Dormouse
began in a great hurry; "and their names were Elsie, Lacie, and Tillie;
and they lived at the bottom of a well——"</p>
<p>"What did they live on?" said Alice, who always took a great interest
in questions of eating and drinking.</p>
<p>"They lived on treacle," said the Dormouse, after thinking a minute
or two.</p>
<p>"They couldn't have done that, you know," Alice gently remarked;
"they'd have been ill."<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00100"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[91]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_91"></span></span></p>
<p>"So they were," said the Dormouse; "<em>very</em> ill."</p>
<p>Alice tried a little to fancy to herself what such an extraordinary
way of living would be like, but it puzzled her too much, so she went
on: "But why did they live at the bottom of a well?"</p>
<p>"Take some more tea," the March Hare said to Alice, very
earnestly.</p>
<p>"I've had nothing yet," Alice replied in an offended tone, "so I
can't take more."</p>
<p>"You mean you can't take <em>less</em>," said the Hatter; "it's very
easy to take <em>more</em> than nothing."</p>
<p>"Nobody asked <em>your</em> opinion," said Alice.</p>
<p>"Who's making personal remarks now?" the Hatter asked
triumphantly.</p>
<p>Alice did not quite know what to say to this: so she helped herself
to some tea and bread-and-butter, and then turned to the Dormouse, and
repeated her question. "Why did they live at the bottom of a well?"</p>
<p>The Dormouse again took a minute or two <u>to</u> think about it, and
then said, "It was a treacle-well."</p>
<p>"There's no such thing!" Alice was beginning<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00101"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[92]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_92"></span></span> very
angrily, but the Hatter and the March Hare went "Sh! sh!" and the
Dormouse sulkily remarked: "If you can't be civil, you'd better finish
the story for yourself."</p>
<p>"No, please go on!" Alice said very humbly. "I won't interrupt you
again. I dare say there may be <em>one</em>."</p>
<p>"One, indeed!" said the Dormouse indignantly. However, he consented
to go on. "And so these three little sisters—they were learning to draw,
you know——"</p>
<p>"What did they draw?" said Alice, quite forgetting her promise.</p>
<p>"Treacle," said the Dormouse, without considering at all this
time.</p>
<p>"I want a clean cup," interrupted the Hatter: "let's all move one
place on."</p>
<p>He moved as he spoke, and the Dormouse followed him: the March Hare
moved into the Dormouse's place, and Alice rather unwillingly took the
place of the March Hare. The Hatter was the only one who got any
advantage from the change: and Alice was a good deal worse off than
before, as the March Hare had just upset the milk-jug into his
plate.<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00102"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[93]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_93"></span></span></p>
<p>Alice did not wish to offend the Dormouse again, so she began very
cautiously: "But I don't understand. Where did they draw the treacle
from?"</p>
<p>"You can draw water out of a water-well," said the Hatter; "so I
should think you could draw treacle out of a treacle-well—eh,
stupid!"</p>
<p>"But they were <em>in</em> the well," Alice said to the Dormouse, not
choosing to notice this last remark.</p>
<p>"Of course they were," said the Dormouse; "——well in."</p>
<p>This answer so confused poor Alice that she let the Dormouse go on
for some time without interrupting it.</p>
<p>"They were learning to draw," the Dormouse went on, yawning and
rubbing its eyes, for it was getting very sleepy; "and they drew all
manner of things—everything that begins with an M——"</p>
<p>"Why with an M?" said Alice.</p>
<p>"Why not?" said the March Hare.</p>
<p>Alice was silent.</p>
<p>The Dormouse had closed its eyes by this time, and was going off into
a dose; but, on<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00103"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[94]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_94"></span></span>
being pinched by the Hatter, it woke up again with a little shriek, and
went on: "—— that begins with an M, such as mouse-traps, and the moon,
and memory, and muchness—you know you say things are 'much of a
muchness'—did you ever see such a thing as a drawing of a muchness?"</p>
<p>"Really, now you ask me," said Alice, very much confused, "I don't
think——"</p>
<p>"Then you shouldn't talk," said the Hatter.</p>
<p>This piece of rudeness was more than Alice could bear: she got up in
great disgust and walked off; the Dormouse fell asleep instantly, and
neither of the others took the least notice of her going, though she
looked back once or twice, half hoping that they would call after her:
the last time she saw them, they were trying to put the Dormouse into
the teapot.</p>
<p>"At any rate I'll never go <em>there</em> again!" said Alice as she
picked her way through the wood. "It's the stupidest tea-party I ever
was at in all my life!"</p>
<p>Just as she said this, she noticed that one of the trees had a door
leading right into it. "That's very curious!" she thought. "But<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00104"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[95]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_95"></span></span>
everything's curious to-day. I think I may as well go in at once." And
in she went.</p>
<p>Once more she found herself in the long hall, and close to the little
glass table. "Now I'll manage better this time," she said to herself,
and began by taking the little golden key, and unlocking the door that
led into the garden. Then she set to work nibbling at the mushroom (she
had kept a piece of it in her pocket) till she was about a foot high:
then she walked down the little passage: and <em>then</em>—she found
herself at last in the beautiful garden, among the bright flower-beds
and the cool fountains.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00105"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[96]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-7.htm.xhtml_Page_96"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER VIII
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>The Queen's Croquet-Ground</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 71px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_a.png" id="img_images_a.png_1" alt="A" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
  LARGE rose-tree stood near the entrance of the garden: the roses
growing on it were white, but there were three gardeners at it, busily
painting them red. Alice thought this a very curious thing, and she went
nearer to watch them, and just as she came up to them she heard one of
them say "Look out now, Five! Don't go splashing paint over me like
that!"
</div>
<p>"I couldn't help it," said Five, in a sulky tone. "Seven jogged my
elbow."</p>
<p>On which Seven looked up and said, "That's right, Five! Always lay
the blame on others!"</p>
<p>"<em>You'd</em> better not talk!" said Five. "I heard the Queen say
only yesterday you deserved to be beheaded!"</p>
<p>"What for?" said the one who had first spoken.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00106"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[97]"><span
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<p>"That's none of <em>your</em> business, Two!" said Seven.</p>
<p>"Yes, it <em>is</em> his business!" said Five. "And I'll tell him—it
was for bringing the cook tulip-roots instead of onions."</p>
<p>Seven flung down his brush, and had just begun "Well, of all the
unjust things——" when his eye chanced to fall upon Alice, as she stood
watching them, and he checked himself suddenly: the others looked round
also, and all of them bowed low.</p>
<p>"Would you tell me," said Alice, a little timidly, "why you are
painting those roses?"</p>
<p>Five and Seven said nothing, but looked at Two. Two began in a low
voice, "Why, the fact is, you see, Miss, this here ought to have been a
<em>red</em> rose-tree, and we put a white one in by mistake; and if the
Queen was to find it out, we should all have our heads cut off, you
know. So you see, Miss, we're doing our best, afore she comes, to——" At
this moment, Five, who had been anxiously looking across the garden,
called out "The Queen! The Queen!" and the three gardeners instantly
threw themselves flat upon their faces. There<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00107"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[98]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_98"></span></span> was
a sound of many footsteps, and Alice looked round, eager to see the
Queen.</p>
<p>First came ten soldiers carrying clubs; these were all shaped like
the three gardeners, oblong and flat, with their hands and feet at the
corners: next the ten courtiers; these were ornamented all over with
diamonds, and walked two and two, as the soldiers did. After these came
the royal children; there were ten of them, and the little dears came
jumping merrily along hand in hand, in couples; they were all ornamented
with hearts. Next came the guests, mostly Kings and Queens, and among
them Alice recognised the White Rabbit: it was talking in a hurried,
nervous manner, smiling at everything that was said, and went by without
noticing her. Then followed the Knave of Hearts, carrying the King's
crown on a crimson velvet cushion; and last of all this grand
procession, came THE KING AND QUEEN OF HEARTS.</p>
<p>Alice was rather doubtful whether she ought not to lie down on her
face like the three gardeners, but she could not remember ever having
heard of such a rule at processions; "and besides, what would be
the<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00108"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[99]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_99"></span></span> use
of a procession," thought she, "if people had to lie down upon their
faces, so that they couldn't see it?" So she stood still where she was,
and waited.</p>
<p>When the procession came opposite to Alice, they all stopped and
looked at her, and the Queen said severely, "Who is this?" She said it
to the Knave of Hearts, who only bowed and smiled in reply.</p>
<p>"Idiot!" said the Queen, tossing her head impatiently; and turning to
Alice, she went on, "What's your name, child?"</p>
<p>"My name is Alice, so please your Majesty," said Alice very politely;
but she added, to herself, "Why, they're only a pack of cards, after
all. I needn't be afraid of them!"</p>
<p>"And who are <em>these?</em>" said the Queen, pointing to the three
gardeners who were lying round the rose-tree; for, you see, as they were
lying on their faces, and the pattern on their backs was the same as the
rest of the pack, she could not tell whether they were gardeners, or
soldiers, or courtiers, or three of her own children.</p>
<p>"How should <em>I</em> know?" said Alice, surprised<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00109"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[100]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_100"></span></span> at
her own courage. "It's no business of <em>mine</em>."</p>
<p>The Queen turned crimson with fury, and, after glaring at her for a
moment like a wild beast, screamed "Off with her head! Off——"</p>
<p>"Nonsense!" said Alice, very loudly and decidedly, and the Queen was
silent.</p>
<p>The King laid his hand upon her arm, and timidly said "Consider my
dear: she is only a child!"</p>
<p>The Queen turned angrily away from him, and said to the Knave "Turn
them over!"</p>
<p>The Knave did so, very carefully, with one foot.</p>
<p>"Get up!" said the Queen, in a shrill, loud voice, and the three
gardeners instantly jumped up, and began bowing to the King, the Queen,
the royal children, and everybody else.</p>
<p>"Leave off that!" screamed the Queen. "You make me giddy." And then,
turning to the rose-tree, she went on, "What <em>have</em> you been
doing here?"</p>
<p>"May it please your Majesty," said Two, in a very humble tone, going
down on one knee as he spoke, "we were trying——"</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="The Queen turned angrily away from him">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>The Queen turned angrily away from
him and said to the Knave, "Turn them over"</em></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0100-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0100-insert2.jpg"
alt="The Queen turned angrily away from him and said to the Knave, &quot;Turn them over&quot;" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00110"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[101]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_101"></span></span></p>
<p>"<em>I</em> see!" said the Queen, who had meanwhile been examining
the roses. "Off with their heads!" and the procession moved on, three of
the soldiers remaining behind to execute the unfortunate gardeners, who
ran to Alice for protection.</p>
<p>"You shan't be beheaded!" said Alice, and she put them into a large
flower-pot that stood near. The three soldiers wandered about for a
minute or two, looking for them, and then quietly marched off after the
others.</p>
<p>"Are their heads off?" shouted the Queen.</p>
<p>"Their heads are gone, if it please your Majesty!" the soldiers
shouted in reply.</p>
<p>"That's right!" shouted the Queen. "Can you play croquet?"</p>
<p>The soldiers were silent, and looked at Alice, as the question was
evidently meant for her.</p>
<p>"Yes!" shouted Alice.</p>
<p>"Come on, then!" roared the Queen, and Alice joined the procession,
wondering very much what would happen next.</p>
<p>"It's—it's a very fine day!" said a timid voice at her side. She was
walking by the<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00111"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[102]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_102"></span></span>
White Rabbit, who was peeping anxiously into her face.</p>
<p>"Very," said Alice: "——where's the Duchess?"</p>
<p>"Hush! Hush!" said the Rabbit in a low hurried tone. He looked
anxiously over his shoulder as he spoke, and then raised himself upon
tiptoe, put his mouth close to her ear, and whispered "She's under
sentence of execution."</p>
<p>"What for?" said Alice.</p>
<p>"Did you say 'What a pity!'?" the Rabbit asked.</p>
<p>"No, I didn't," said Alice: "I don't think it's at all a pity. I said
'What for?'"</p>
<p>"She boxed the Queen's ears—" the Rabbit began. Alice gave a little
scream of laughter. "Oh, hush!" the Rabbit whispered in a frightened
tone. "The Queen will hear you! You see she came rather late, and the
Queen said——"</p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0103-image.png"
id="img_images_p0103-image.png" alt="Playing croquet" />
</div>
<p>"Get to your places!" shouted the Queen in a voice of thunder, and
people began running about in all directions, tumbling up against each
other; however, they got settled down in a minute or two, and the
game<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00112"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[103]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_103"></span></span>
began. Alice thought she had never seen such a curious croquet-ground in
all her life; it was all ridges and furrows; the balls were live
hedgehogs, the mallets live flamingoes, and the soldiers had to double
themselves up and to stand upon their hands and feet, to make the
arches.</p>
<p>The chief difficulty Alice found at first was in managing her
flamingo; she succeeded in getting its body tucked away, comfortably
enough, under her arm, with its legs hanging down, but generally, just
<u>as</u> she had got its neck nicely straightened out, and was going to
give the hedgehog a blow with its head, it <em>would</em> twist itself
round and look up in her face, with such a puzzled expression that she
could not help bursting out laughing: and when she had got its head
down, and was going to<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00113"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[104]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_104"></span></span>
begin again, it was very provoking to find that the hedgehog had
unrolled itself and was in the act of crawling away: besides all this,
there was generally a ridge or a furrow in the way wherever she wanted
to send the <u>hedgehog</u> to, and, as the doubled-up soldiers were
always getting up and walking off to other parts of the ground, Alice
soon came to the conclusion that it was a very difficult game
indeed.</p>
<p>The players all played at once without waiting for turns, quarrelling
all the while, and fighting for the hedgehogs; and in a very short time
the Queen was in a furious passion, and went stamping about, and
shouting "Off with his head!" or "Off with her head!" about once in a
minute.</p>
<p>Alice began to feel very uneasy: to be sure she had not as yet had
any dispute with the Queen, but she knew that it might happen any
minute, "and then," thought she, "what would become of me? They're
dreadfully fond of beheading people here: the great wonder is that
there's any one left alive!"</p>
<p>She was looking about for some way of escape, and wondering whether
she could get away without being seen, when she noticed<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00114"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[105]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_105"></span></span> a
curious appearance in the air: it puzzled her very much at first, but,
after watching it a minute or two, she made it out to be a grin, and she
said to herself "It's the Cheshire Cat: now I shall have somebody to
talk to."</p>
<p>"How are you getting on?" said the Cat, as soon as there was mouth
enough for it to speak with.</p>
<p>Alice waited till the eyes appeared, and then nodded. "It's no use
speaking to it," she thought, "till its ears have come, or at least one
of them." In another minute the whole head appeared, and then Alice put
down her flamingo, and began an account of the game, feeling very glad
she had some one to listen to her. The Cat seemed to think that there
was enough of it now in sight, and no more of it appeared.</p>
<p>"I don't think they play at all fairly," Alice began, in rather a
complaining tone, "and they all quarrel so dreadfully one can't hear
oneself speak—and they don't seem to have any rules in particular; at
least, if there are, nobody attends to them—and you've no idea how
confusing it is all the things being alive; for instance, there's the
arch I've got to go<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00115"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[106]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_106"></span></span>
through next walking about at the other end of the ground—and I should
have croqueted the Queen's hedgehog just now, only it ran away when it
saw mine coming!"</p>
<div class="figcenter" style="width: 380px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0106-image.png"
id="img_images_p0106-image.png" alt="The cat" />
</div>
<p>"How do you like the Queen?" said the Cat in a low voice.</p>
<p>"Not at all," said Alice: "she's so extremely——" Just then she
noticed that the Queen was close behind her listening: so she went on,
"——likely to win, that it's hardly worth while finishing the game."</p>
<p>The Queen smiled and passed on.</p>
<p>"Who <em>are</em> you talking to?" said the King, coming up to Alice,
and looking at the Cat's head with great curiosity.</p>
<p>"It's a friend of mine—a Cheshire Cat," said Alice: "allow me to
introduce it."<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00116"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[107]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_107"></span></span></p>
<p>"I don't like the look of it at all," said the King: "however, it may
kiss my hand if it likes."</p>
<p>"I'd rather not," the Cat remarked.</p>
<p>"Don't be impertinent," said the King, "and don't look at me like
that!" He got behind Alice as he spoke.</p>
<p>"A cat may look at a king," said Alice. "I've read that in some book,
but I don't remember where."</p>
<p>"Well, it must be removed," said the King very decidedly, and he
called to the Queen, who was passing at the moment, "My dear! I wish you
would have this cat removed!"</p>
<p>The Queen had only one way of settling all difficulties, great or
small. "Off with his head!" she said, without even looking round.</p>
<p>"I'll fetch the executioner myself," said the King eagerly, and he
hurried off.</p>
<p>Alice thought she might as well go back and see how the game was
going on, as she heard the Queen's voice in the distance, screaming with
passion. She had already heard her sentence three of the players to<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00117"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[108]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_108"></span></span> be
executed for having missed their turns, and she did not like the look of
things at all, as the game was in such confusion that she never knew
whether it was her turn or not. So she went in search of her
hedgehog.</p>
<p>The hedgehog was engaged in a fight with another hedgehog, which
seemed to Alice an excellent opportunity for croqueting one of them with
the other: the only difficulty was, that her flamingo was gone across to
the other side of the garden, where Alice could see it trying in a
helpless sort of way to fly up into one of the trees.</p>
<p>By the time she had caught the flamingo and brought it back, the
fight was over, and both the hedgehogs were out of sight: "but it
doesn't matter much," thought Alice, "as all the arches are gone from
this side of the ground." So she tucked it under her arm, that it might
not escape again, and went back for a little more conversation with her
friend.</p>
<p>When she got back to the Cheshire Cat, she was surprised to find
quite a large crowd collected round it: there was a dispute going on
between the executioner, the King,<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00118"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[109]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_109"></span></span> and
the Queen, who were all talking at once, while all the rest were quite
silent, and looked very uncomfortable.</p>
<p>The moment Alice appeared, she was appealed to by all three to settle
the question, and they repeated their arguments to her, though, as they
all spoke at once, she found it very hard indeed to make out exactly
what they said.</p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 286px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0109-image.png"
id="img_images_p0109-image.png" alt="The Executioner" />
</div>
<p>The executioner's argument was, that you couldn't cut off a head
unless there was a body to cut it off from: that he had never had to do
such a thing before, and he wasn't going to begin at <em>his</em> time
of life.</p>
<p>The King's argument was, that anything that had a head could be
beheaded, and that you weren't to talk nonsense.</p>
<p>The Queen's argument was, that if something wasn't done about it in
less than no time, she'd have everybody executed all round. (It was this
last remark that had<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00119"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[110]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_110"></span></span>
made the whole party look so grave and anxious.)</p>
<p>Alice could think of nothing else to say but "It belongs to the
Duchess: you'd better ask <em>her</em> about it."</p>
<p>"She's in prison," the Queen said to the executioner; "fetch her
here." And the executioner went off like an arrow.</p>
<p>The Cat's head began fading away the moment he was gone, and by the
time he had come back with the Duchess, it had entirely disappeared; so
the King and the executioner ran wildly up and down looking for it,
while the rest of the party went back to the game.</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00120"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[111]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-8.htm.xhtml_Page_111"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER IX
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>The Mock Turtle's Story</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 86px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_y-quote.png" id="img_images_y-quote.png"
alt="&quot;Y" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
OU can't think how glad I am to see you again, you dear old thing!" said
the Duchess, as she tucked her arm affectionately into Alice's, and they
walked off together.
</div>
<p>Alice was very glad to find her in such a pleasant temper, and
thought to herself that perhaps it was only the pepper that had made her
so savage when they met in the kitchen.</p>
<p>"When <em>I'm</em> a Duchess," she said to herself (not in a very
hopeful tone though), "I won't have any pepper in my kitchen <em>at
all</em>. Soup does very well without—Maybe it's always pepper that
makes people hot-tempered," she went on, very much pleased at having
found out a new kind of rule, "and vinegar that makes them sour—and
camomile that makes them bitter—and—barley-sugar and such things that
make children sweet-tempered. I<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00121"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[112]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_112"></span></span>
only wish people knew <em>that:</em> then they wouldn't be so stingy
about it, you know——"</p>
<p>She had quite forgotten the Duchess by this time, and was a little
startled when she heard her voice close to her ear. "You're thinking
about something, my dear, and that makes you forget to talk. I can't
tell you just now what the moral of that is, but I shall remember it in
a bit."</p>
<p>"Perhaps it hasn't one," Alice ventured to remark.</p>
<p>"Tut, tut, child!" said the Duchess. "Every thing's got a moral, if
only you can find it." And she squeezed herself up closer to Alice's
side as she spoke.</p>
<p>Alice did not much like her keeping so close to her: first, because
the Duchess was <em>very</em> ugly; and secondly, because she was
exactly the right height to rest her chin on Alice's shoulder, and it
was an uncomfortably sharp chin. However, she did not like to be rude,
so she bore it as well as she could. "The game's going on rather better
now," she said, by way of keeping up the conversation a little.</p>
<p>"'Tis so," said the Duchess: "and the<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00122"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[113]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_113"></span></span>
moral of that is—'Oh, 'tis love, 'tis love, that makes the world go
round!'"</p>
<p>"Somebody said," Alice whispered, "that it's done by everybody
minding their own business!"</p>
<p>"Ah, well! It means much the same thing," said the Duchess, digging
her sharp little chin into Alice's shoulder as she added, "and the moral
of <em>that</em> is—'Take care of the sense, and the sounds will take
care of themselves.'"</p>
<p>"How fond she is of finding morals in things!" Alice thought to
herself.</p>
<p>"I dare say you're wondering why I don't put my arm round your
waist," the Duchess said after a pause: "the reason is, that I'm
doubtful about the temper of your flamingo. Shall I try the
experiment?"</p>
<p>"He might bite," Alice cautiously replied, not feeling at all anxious
to have the experiment tried.</p>
<p>"Very true," said the Duchess: "flamingoes and mustard both bite. And
the moral of that is—'Birds of a feather flock together.'"</p>
<p>"Only mustard isn't a bird," Alice remarked.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00123"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[114]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_114"></span></span></p>
<p>"Right, as usual," said the Duchess: "what a clear way you have of
putting things!"</p>
<p>"It's a mineral, I <em>think</em>," said Alice.</p>
<p>"Of course it is," said the Duchess, who seemed ready to agree to
everything that Alice said: "there's a large mustard-mine near here. And
the moral of that is—'The more there is of mine, the less there is of
yours.'"</p>
<p>"Oh, I know!" exclaimed Alice, who had not attended to this last
remark. "It's a vegetable. It doesn't look like one, but it is."</p>
<p>"I quite agree with you," said the Duchess; "and the moral of that
is—'Be what you would seem to be'—or if you'd like it put more
simply—'Never imagine yourself not to be otherwise than what it might
appear to others that what you were or might have been was not otherwise
than what you had been would have appeared to them to be
otherwise.'"</p>
<p>"I think I should understand that better," Alice said very politely,
"if I had it written down: but I can't quite follow it as you say
it."<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00124"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[115]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_115"></span></span></p>
<p>"That's nothing to what I could say if I chose," the Duchess replied,
in a pleased tone.</p>
<p>"Pray don't trouble yourself to say it any longer than that," said
Alice.</p>
<p>"Oh, don't talk about trouble!" said the Duchess. "I make you a
present of everything I've said as yet."</p>
<p>"A cheap sort of present!" thought Alice. "I'm glad they don't give
birthday presents like that!" But she did not venture to say it out
loud.</p>
<p>"Thinking again?" the Duchess asked with another dig of her sharp
little chin.</p>
<p>"I've a right to think," said Alice sharply, for she was beginning to
feel a little worried.</p>
<p>"Just about as much right," said the Duchess, "as pigs have to fly;
and the m——"</p>
<p>But here, to Alice's great surprise, the Duchess's voice died away,
even in the middle of her favourite word "moral," and the arm that was
linked into hers began to tremble. Alice looked up, and there stood the
Queen in front of them, with her arms folded, frowning like a
thunderstorm.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00125"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[116]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_116"></span></span></p>
<p>"A fine day, your Majesty!" the Duchess began in a low, weak
voice.</p>
<p>"Now, I give you fair warning," shouted the Queen, stamping on the
ground as she spoke; "either you or your head must be off, and that in
about half no time! Take your choice!"</p>
<p>The Duchess took her choice, and was gone in a moment.</p>
<p>"Let's go on with the game," the Queen said to Alice; and Alice was
too much frightened to say a word, but slowly followed her back to the
croquet-ground.</p>
<p>The other guests had taken advantage of the Queen's absence, and were
resting in the shade: however, the moment they saw her, they hurried
back to the game, the Queen merely remarking that a moment's delay would
cost them their lives.</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="The Queen never left off quarrelling">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>The Queen never left off quarrelling
with the other players, and shouting "Off with his head!" or, "Off with
her head!"</em></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0116-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0116-insert2.jpg"
alt="The Queen never left off quarrelling with the other players, and shouting &quot;Off with his head!&quot; or, &quot;Off with her head!&quot;" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>All the time they were playing the Queen never left off quarrelling
with the other players, and shouting "Off with his head!" or "Off with
her head!" Those whom she sentenced were taken into custody by the
soldiers, who of course had to leave off being arches to do this, so
that by the end of half an hour or so there were no arches left,
and<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00126"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[117]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_117"></span></span> all
the players, except the King, the Queen, and Alice, were in custody and
under sentence of execution.</p>
<p>Then the Queen left off, quite out of breath, and said to Alice,
"Have you seen the Mock Turtle yet?"</p>
<p>"No," said Alice. "I don't even know what a Mock Turtle is."</p>
<p>"It's the thing Mock Turtle Soup is made from," said the Queen.</p>
<p>"I never saw one, or heard of one," said Alice.</p>
<p>"Come on then," said the Queen, "and he shall tell you his
history."</p>
<p>As they walked off together, Alice heard the King say in a low voice,
to the company generally, "You are all pardoned." "Come, <em>that's</em>
a good thing!" she said to herself, for she had felt quite unhappy at
the number of executions the Queen had ordered.</p>
<p>They very soon came upon a Gryphon, lying fast asleep in the sun. (If
you don't know what a Gryphon is, look at the picture.) "Up, lazy
thing!" said the Queen, "and take this young lady to see the Mock
Turtle, and to hear his history. I must go back and see after some
executions I have ordered,"<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00127"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[118]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_118"></span></span> and
she walked off, leaving Alice alone with the Gryphon. Alice did not
quite like the look of the creature, but on the whole she thought it
would be quite as safe to stay with it as to go after that savage Queen:
so she waited.</p>
<p>The Gryphon sat up and rubbed its eyes: then it watched the Queen
till she was out of sight: then it chuckled. "What fun!" said the
Gryphon, half to itself, half to Alice.</p>
<p>"What <em>is</em> the fun?" said Alice.</p>
<p>"Why, <em>she</em>," said the Gryphon. "It's all her fancy, that:
they never executes nobody, you know. Come on!"</p>
<p>"Everybody says 'come on!' here," thought Alice, as she went slowly
after it: "I never was so ordered about in my life, never!"</p>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 355px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0119-image.png"
id="img_images_p0119-image.png" alt="Gryphon" />
</div>
<p>They had not gone far before they saw the Mock Turtle in the
distance, sitting sad and lonely on a little ledge of rock, and, as they
came nearer, Alice could hear him sighing as if his heart would break.
She pitied him deeply. "What is his sorrow?" she asked the Gryphon, and
the Gryphon answered, very nearly in the same words as before,<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00128"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[121]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_121"></span></span><span
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[119]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_119"></span></span>
"It's all his fancy, that: he hasn't got no sorrow, you know. Come
on!"</p>
<p>So they went up to the Mock Turtle, who looked at them with large
eyes full of tears, but said nothing.</p>
<p>"This here young lady," said the Gryphon, "she wants to know your
history, she do."</p>
<p>"I'll tell it her," said the Mock Turtle in a deep, hollow tone; "sit
down, both of you, and don't speak a word till I've finished."</p>
<p>So they sat down, and nobody spoke for some minutes. Alice thought to
herself, "I don't see how he can <em>ever</em> finish, if he doesn't
begin." But she waited patiently.</p>
<p>"Once," said the Mock Turtle at last, with a deep sigh, "I was a real
Turtle."</p>
<p>These words were followed by a very long silence, broken only by an
occasional exclamation of "Hjckrrh!" from the Gryphon, and the constant
heavy sobbing of the Mock Turtle. Alice was very nearly getting up and
saying "Thank you, sir, for your interesting story," but she could not
help thinking there <em>must</em> be more to come, so she sat still and
said nothing.</p>
<p>"When we were little," the Mock Turtle went on at last, more calmly,
though still<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00129"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[122]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_122"></span></span>
sobbing a little now and then, "we went to school in the sea. The master
was an old Turtle—we used to call him Tortoise——"</p>
<p>"Why did you call him Tortoise, if he wasn't one?" Alice asked.</p>
<p>"We called him Tortoise because he taught us," said the Mock Turtle
angrily: "really you are very dull!"</p>
<p>"You ought to be ashamed of yourself for asking such a simple
question," added the Gryphon; and then they both sat silent and looked
at poor Alice, who felt ready to sink into the earth. At last the
Gryphon said to the Mock Turtle, "Drive on, old fellow. Don't be all day
about it!" and he went on in these words:</p>
<p>"Yes, we went to school in the sea, though you mayn't believe
it——"</p>
<p>"I never said I didn't!" interrupted Alice.</p>
<p>"You did," said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>"Hold your tongue!" added the Gryphon, before Alice could speak
again. The Mock Turtle went on:—</p>
<p>"We had the best of educations—in fact, we went to school every
day——"<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00130"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[123]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_123"></span></span></p>
<p>"<em>I've</em> been to a day-school, too," said Alice; "you needn't
be so proud as all that."</p>
<p>"With extras?" asked the Mock Turtle a little anxiously.</p>
<p>"Yes," said Alice, "we learned French and music."</p>
<p>"And washing?" said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>"Certainly not!" said Alice indignantly.</p>
<p>"Ah! then yours wasn't a really good school," said the Mock Turtle in
a tone of relief. "Now at <em>ours</em> they had at the end of the bill,
'French, music, <em>and washing</em>—extra.'"</p>
<p>"You couldn't have wanted it much," said Alice; "living at the bottom
of the sea."</p>
<p>"I couldn't afford to learn it," said the Mock Turtle with a sigh. "I
only took the regular course."</p>
<p>"What was that?" inquired Alice.</p>
<p>"Reeling and Writhing, of course, to begin with," the Mock Turtle
replied; "and then the different branches of Arithmetic—Ambition,
Distraction, Uglification, and Derision."</p>
<p>"I never heard of 'Uglification,'" Alice ventured to say. "What is
it?"</p>
<p>The Gryphon lifted up both its paws in<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00131"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[124]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_124"></span></span>
surprise. "Never heard of uglifying!" it exclaimed. "You know what to
beautify is, I suppose?"</p>
<p>"Yes," said Alice doubtfully: "it
means—to—make—anything—prettier."</p>
<p>"Well, then," the Gryphon went on, "if you don't know what to uglify
is, you are a simpleton."</p>
<p>Alice did not feel encouraged to ask any more questions about it, so
she turned to the Mock Turtle and said, "What else had you to
learn?"</p>
<p>"Well, there was Mystery," the Mock Turtle replied, counting off the
subjects on his flappers, "—Mystery, ancient and modern, with
Seaography: then Drawling—the Drawling-master was an old conger-eel,
that used to come once a week: <em>he</em> taught us Drawling,
Stretching, and Fainting in Coils."</p>
<p>"What was <em>that</em> like?" said Alice.</p>
<p>"Well, I can't show it you myself," the Mock Turtle said: "I'm too
stiff. And the Gryphon never learnt it."</p>
<p>"Hadn't time," said the Gryphon: "I went to the Classical master,
though. He was an old crab, <em>he</em> was."<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00132"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[125]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_125"></span></span></p>
<p>"I never went to him," the Mock Turtle said with a sigh: "he taught
Laughing and Grief, they used to say."</p>
<p>"So he did, so he did," said the Gryphon, sighing in his turn; and
both creatures hid their faces in their paws.</p>
<p>"And how many hours a day did you do lessons?" said Alice, in a hurry
to change the subject.</p>
<p>"Ten hours the first day," said the Mock Turtle: "nine the next, and
so on."</p>
<p>"What a curious plan!" exclaimed Alice.</p>
<p>"That's the reason they're called lessons," the Gryphon remarked:
"because they lessen from day to day."</p>
<p>This was quite a new idea to Alice, and she thought over it a little
before she made her next remark. "Then the eleventh day must have been a
holiday."</p>
<p>"Of course it was," said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>"And how did you manage on the twelfth?" Alice went on eagerly.</p>
<p>"That's enough about lessons," the Gryphon interrupted in a very
decided tone: "tell her something about the games now."</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00133"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[126]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-9.htm.xhtml_Page_126"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER X
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>The Lobster Quadrille</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 75px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_t.png" id="img_images_t.png_3" alt="T" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
HE Mock Turtle sighed deeply, and drew the back of one flapper across
his eyes. He looked at Alice, and tried to speak, but, for a minute or
two, sobs choked his voice. "Same as if he had a bone in his throat,"
said the Gryphon: and it set to work shaking him and punching him in the
back. At last the Mock Turtle recovered his voice, and, with tears
running down his cheeks, went on again:
</div>
<p>"You may not have lived much under the sea—" ("I haven't," said
Alice) "and perhaps you were never even introduced to a lobster—" (Alice
began to say "I once tasted——" but checked herself hastily, and said
"No, <u>never,)</u> "—so you can have no idea what a delightful thing a
Lobster Quadrille is!"</p>
<p>"No, indeed," said Alice. "What sort of a dance is it?"<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00134"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[127]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_127"></span></span></p>
<p>"Why," said the Gryphon, "you first form into a line along the
sea-shore——"</p>
<p>"Two lines!" cried the Mock Turtle. "Seals, turtles, and so on; then,
when you've cleared the jelly-fish out of the way——"</p>
<p>"<em>That</em> generally takes some time," interrupted the
Gryphon.</p>
<p>"—you advance twice——"</p>
<p>"Each with a lobster as a partner!" cried the Gryphon.</p>
<p>"Of course," the Mock Turtle said: "advance twice, set to
partners——"</p>
<p>"—change lobsters, and retire in same order," continued the
Gryphon.</p>
<p>"Then, you know," the Mock Turtle went on, "you throw the——"</p>
<p>"The lobsters!" shouted the Gryphon, with a bound into the air.</p>
<p>"—as far out to sea as you can——"</p>
<p>"Swim, after them!" screamed the Gryphon.</p>
<p>"Turn a somersault in the sea!" cried the Mock Turtle, capering
wildly about.</p>
<p>"Change lobsters again!" yelled the Gryphon.</p>
<p>"Back to land again, and—that's all the<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00135"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[128]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_128"></span></span>
first figure," said the Mock Turtle, suddenly dropping his voice; and
the two creatures, who had been jumping about like mad things all this
time, sat down again very sadly and quietly, and looked at Alice.</p>
<p>"It must be a very pretty dance," said Alice, timidly.</p>
<p>"Would you like to see a little of it?" said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>"Very much indeed," said Alice.</p>
<p>"Come, let's try the first figure!" said the Mock Turtle to the
Gryphon. "We can do it without lobsters, you know. Which shall
sing?"</p>
<p>"Oh, <em>you</em> sing," said the Gryphon. "I've forgotten the
words."</p>
<p>So they began solemnly dancing round and round Alice, every now and
then treading on her toes when they passed too close, and waving their
forepaws to mark the time, while the Mock Turtle sang this, very slowly
and sadly:—</p>
<div class="poem2">
"Will you walk a little faster?" said a whiting to a snail,<br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00136"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[129]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_129"></span></span>"There's
a porpoise close behind us, and he's treading on my tail.<br />
See how eagerly the lobsters and the turtles all advance!<br />
They are waiting on the shingle—will you come and join the dance?<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Will you, won't you, will you, won't
you, will you join the dance?</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Will you, won't you, will you, won't
you, won't you join the dance?</span><br />
<br />
"You can really have no notion how delightful it will be,<br />
When they take us up and throw us, with the lobsters, out to sea!"<br />
But the snail replied: "Too far, too far!" and gave a look
askance—<br />
Said he thanked the whiting kindly, but he would not join the
dance.<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Would not, could not, would not, could
not, would not join the dance.</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Would not, could not, would not, could
not, could not join the dance.</span><br />
<br />
"What matters it how far we go?" his scaly friend replied;<br />
"There is another shore, you know, upon the other side.<br />
The further off from England the nearer is to France—<br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00137"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[130]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_130"></span></span>Then
turn not pale, beloved snail, but come and join the dance.<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Will you, won't you, will you, won't
you, will you join the dance?</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Will you, won't you, will you, won't
you, won't you join the dance?"</span><br />

</div>
<p>"Thank you, it's a very interesting dance to watch," said Alice,
feeling very glad that it was over at last: "and I do so like that
curious song about the whiting!"</p>
<p>"Oh, as to the whiting," said the Mock Turtle, "they—you've seen
them, of course?"</p>
<p>"Yes," said Alice, "I've often seen them at dinn——" she checked
herself hastily.</p>
<p>"I don't know where Dinn may be," said the Mock Turtle, "but if
you've seen them so often, of course you know what they're like."</p>
<p>"I believe so," Alice replied thoughtfully. "They have their tails in
their mouths—and they're all over crumbs."</p>
<p>"You're wrong about the crumbs," said the Mock Turtle: "crumbs would
all wash off in the sea. But they <em>have</em> their tails in their
mouths; and the reason is—" here the Mock Turtle yawned and shut his
eyes. "Tell her about the reason and all that," he said to the
Gryphon.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00138"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[131]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_131"></span></span></p>
<p>"The reason is," said the Gryphon, "that they <em>would</em> go with
the lobsters to the dance. So they got thrown out to sea. So they had to
fall a long way. So they got their tails fast in their mouths. So they
couldn't get them out again. That's all."</p>
<p>"Thank you," said Alice. "It's very interesting. I never knew so much
about a whiting before."</p>
<p>"I can tell you more than that, if you like," said the Gryphon. "Do
you know why it's called a whiting?"</p>
<p>"I never thought about it," said Alice. "Why?"</p>
<p>"<em>It does the boots and shoes</em>," the Gryphon replied very
solemnly.</p>
<p>Alice was thoroughly puzzled. "Does the boots and shoes!" she
repeated in a wondering tone.</p>
<p>"Why, what are <em>your</em> shoes done with?" said the Gryphon. "I
mean, what makes them so shiny?"</p>
<p>Alice looked down at them, and considered a little before she gave
her answer. "They're done with blacking, I believe."</p>
<p>"Boots and shoes under the sea," the Gryphon<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00139"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[132]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_132"></span></span>
went on in a deep voice, "are done with whiting. Now you know."</p>
<p>"And what are they made of?" Alice asked in a tone of great
curiosity.</p>
<p>"Soles and eels, of course," the Gryphon replied rather impatiently:
"any shrimp could have told you that."</p>
<p>"If I'd been the whiting," said Alice, whose thoughts were still
running on the song, "I'd have said to the porpoise, 'Keep back, please:
we don't want <em>you</em> with us!'"</p>
<p>"They were obliged to have him with them," the Mock Turtle said: "no
wise fish would go anywhere without a porpoise."</p>
<p>"Wouldn't it really?" said Alice in a tone of great surprise.</p>
<p>"Of course not," said the Mock Turtle: "why, if a fish came to
<em>me</em>, and told me he was going a journey, I should say, 'With
what porpoise?'"</p>
<p>"Don't you mean 'purpose'?" said Alice.</p>
<p>"I mean what I say," the Mock Turtle replied in an offended tone. And
the Gryphon added, "Come, let's hear some of <em>your</em>
adventures."</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="The Mock Turtle drew a long breath">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>The Mock Turtle drew a long breath
and said, "That's very curious"</em></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0132-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0132-insert2.jpg"
alt="The Mock Turtle drew a long breath and said, &quot;That&#39;s very curious&quot;" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>"I could tell you my adventures—beginning<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00140"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[133]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_133"></span></span>
from this morning," said Alice a little timidly: "but it's no use going
back to yesterday, because I was a different person then."</p>
<p>"Explain all that," said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>"No, no! The adventures first," said the Gryphon in an impatient
tone: "explanations take such a dreadful time."</p>
<p>So Alice began telling them her adventures from the time when she
first saw the White Rabbit. She was a little nervous about it just at
first, the two creatures got so close to her, one on each side, and
opened their eyes and mouths so <em>very</em> wide, but she gained
courage as she went on. Her listeners were perfectly quiet till she got
to the part about her repeating "<em>You are old, Father William</em>,"
to the Caterpillar, and the words all coming different, and then the
Mock Turtle drew a long breath, and said, "That's very curious."</p>
<p>"It's all about as curious as it can be," said the Gryphon.</p>
<p>"It all came different!" the Mock Turtle repeated thoughtfully. "I
should like to hear her repeat something now. Tell her to begin." He
looked at the Gryphon as if he<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00141"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[134]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_134"></span></span>
thought it had some kind of authority over Alice.</p>
<p>"Stand up and repeat '<em>'Tis the voice of the sluggard</em>,'" said
the Gryphon.</p>
<p>"How the creatures order one about, and make one repeat lessons!"
thought Alice. "I might as well be at school at once." However, she got
up, and began to repeat it, but her head was so full of the Lobster
Quadrille, that she hardly knew what she was saying, and the words came
very queer indeed:—</p>
<div class="poem">
"'Tis the voice of the Lobster; I heard him declare,<br />
'You have baked me too brown, I must sugar my hair.'<br />
As a duck with its eyelids, so he with his nose<br />
Trims his belt and his buttons, and turns out his toes.<br />
When the sands are all dry, he is gay as a lark,<br />
And will talk in contemptuous tones of the Shark:<br />
But, when the tide rises and sharks are around,<br />
His voice has a timid and tremulous sound."<br />

</div>
<p>"That's different from what <em>I</em> used to say when I was a
child," said the Gryphon.</p>
<p>"Well, <em>I</em> never heard it before," said the<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00142"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[135]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_135"></span></span>
Mock Turtle: "but it sounds uncommon nonsense."</p>
<p>Alice said nothing; she had sat down with her face in her hands,
wondering if anything would <em>ever</em> happen in a natural way
again.</p>
<p>"I should like to have it explained," said the Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>"She ca'n't explain it," hastily said the Gryphon. "Go on with the
next verse."</p>
<p>"But about his toes?" the Mock Turtle persisted. "How <em>could</em>
he turn them out with his nose, you know?"</p>
<p>"It's the first position in dancing," Alice said; but was dreadfully
puzzled by the whole thing, and longed to change the subject.</p>
<p>"Go on with the next verse," the Gryphon repeated: "it begins '<em>I
passed by his garden</em>.'"</p>
<p>Alice did not dare to disobey, though she felt sure it would all come
wrong, and she went on in a trembling voice:</p>
<div class="poem">
"I passed by his garden, and marked, with one eye,<br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00143"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[136]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_136"></span></span>How
the Owl and the Panther were sharing a pie:<br />
The Panther took pie-crust, and gravy, and meat,<br />
While the Owl had the dish as its share of the treat.<br />
When the pie was all finished, the Owl, as a boon,<br />
Was kindly permitted to pocket the spoon:<br />
While the Panther received knife and fork with a growl,<br />
And concluded the banquet by——"<br />

</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 192px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0136-image.png"
id="img_images_p0136-image.png" alt="Mock turtle" />
</div>
<p>"What <em>is</em> the use of repeating all that stuff," the Mock
Turtle interrupted, "if you don't explain it as you go on? It's by far
the most confusing thing <em>I</em> ever heard!"</p>
<p>"Yes, I think you'd better leave off," said the Gryphon: and Alice
was only too glad to do so.</p>
<p>"Shall we try another figure of the Lobster Quadrille?" the Gryphon
went on. "Or would you like the Mock Turtle to sing you another
song?"</p>
<p>"Oh, a song, please, if the Mock Turtle<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00144"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[137]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_137"></span></span>
would be so kind," Alice replied, so eagerly that the Gryphon said, in a
rather offended tone, "H'm! No accounting for tastes! Sing her
'<em>Turtle Soup</em>,' will you, old fellow?"</p>
<p>The Mock Turtle sighed deeply, and began, in a voice choked with
sobs, to sing this:—</p>
<div class="poem">
"Beautiful Soup, so rich and green,<br />
Waiting in a hot tureen!<br />
Who for such dainties would not stoop?<br />
Soup of the evening, beautiful Soup!<br />
Soup of the evening, beautiful Soup!<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br />
Soo—oop of the e—e—evening,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beautiful, beautiful Soup!</span><br />
<br />
"Beautiful Soup! Who cares for fish,<br />
Game, or any other dish?<br />
Who would not give all else for two<br />
Pennyworth only of beautiful Soup?<br />
Pennyworth only of beautiful Soup?<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beau—ootiful Soo—oop!</span><br />
Soo—oop of the e—e—evening,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beautiful, beauti—FUL
SOUP!"</span><br />

</div>
<p>"Chorus again!" cried the Gryphon, and<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00145"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[138]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_138"></span></span>
the Mock Turtle had just begun to repeat it, when a cry of "The trial's
beginning!" was heard in the distance.</p>
<p>"Come on!" cried the Gryphon, and, taking Alice by the hand, it
hurried off, without waiting for the end of the song.</p>
<p>"What trial is it?" Alice panted as she ran; but the Gryphon only
answered "Come on!" and ran the faster, while more and more faintly
came, carried on the breeze that followed them, the melancholy
words:—</p>
<div class="poem">
"Soo—oop of the e—e—evening,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Beautiful, beautiful Soup!"</span><br />

</div>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00146"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[139]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-10.htm.xhtml_Page_139"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER XI
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Who Stole the Tarts?</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 75px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_t.png" id="img_images_t.png_4" alt="T" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
HE King and Queen of Hearts were seated on their throne when they
arrived, with a great crowd assembled about them—all sorts of little
birds and beasts, as well as the whole pack of cards: the Knave was
standing before them, in chains, with a soldier on each side to guard
him; and near the King was the White Rabbit, with a trumpet in one hand,
and a scroll of parchment in the other. In the very middle of the court
was a table, with a large dish of tarts upon it: they looked so good,
that it made Alice quite hungry to look at them—"I wish they'd get the
trial done," she thought, "and hand round the refreshments!" But there
seemed to be no chance of this, so she began looking about her, to pass
away the time.
</div>
<p>Alice had never been in a court of justice<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00147"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[140]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_140"></span></span>
before, but she had read about them in books, and she was quite pleased
to find that she knew the name of nearly everything there. "That's the
judge," she said to herself, "because of his great wig."</p>
<p>The judge, by the way, was the King; and as he wore his crown over
the wig, he did not look at all comfortable, and it was certainly not
becoming.</p>
<p>"And that's the jury-box," thought Alice, "and those twelve
creatures," (she was obliged to say "creatures," you see, because some
of them were animals, and some were birds,) "I suppose they are the
jurors." She said this last word two or three times over to herself,
being rather proud of it: for she thought, and rightly too, that very
few little girls of her age knew the meaning of it at all. However,
"jurymen" would have done just as well.</p>
<p>The twelve jurors were all writing very busily on slates. "What are
they all doing?" Alice whispered to the Gryphon. "They can't have
anything to put down yet, before the trial's begun."</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="Who stole the tarts?">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>Who stole the tarts?</em></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0140-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0140-insert2.jpg" alt="Who stole the tarts?" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>"They're putting down their names," the<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00148"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[141]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_141"></span></span>
Gryphon whispered in reply, "for fear they should forget them before the
end of the trial."</p>
<p>"Stupid things!" Alice began in a loud, indignant voice, but she
stopped hastily, for the White Rabbit cried out "Silence in the court!"
and the King put on his spectacles and looked anxiously round, to see
who was talking.</p>
<p>Alice could see, as well as if she were looking over their shoulders,
that all the jurors were writing down "stupid things!" on their slates,
and she could even make out that one of them didn't know how to spell
"stupid," and that he had to ask his neighbour to tell him. "A nice
muddle their slates will be in before the trial's over!" thought
Alice.</p>
<p>One of the jurors had a pencil that squeaked. This, of course, Alice
could <em>not</em> stand, and she went round the court and got behind
him, and very soon found an opportunity of taking it away. She did it so
quickly that the poor little juror (it was Bill, the Lizard) could not
make out at all what had become of it; so, after hunting all<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00149"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[142]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_142"></span></span>
about for it, he was obliged to write with one finger for the rest of
the day; and this was of very little use, as it left no mark on the
slate.</p>
<p>"Herald, read the accusation!" said the King.</p>
<p>On this the White Rabbit blew three blasts on the trumpet, and then
unrolled the parchment scroll, and read as follows:</p>
<div class="poem">
"The Queen of Hearts, she made some tarts,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">All on a summer day:</span><br />
The Knave of Hearts, he stole those tarts,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 2em;">And took them quite away!"</span><br />

</div>
<p>"Consider your verdict," the King said to the jury.</p>
<p>"Not yet, not yet!" the Rabbit hastily interrupted. "There's a great
deal to come before that!"</p>
<p>"Call the first witness," said the King; and the Rabbit blew three
blasts on the trumpet, and called out "First witness!"</p>
<p>The first witness was the Hatter. He came in with a teacup in one
hand and a piece of bread-and-butter in the other. "I<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00150"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[143]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_143"></span></span>
beg pardon, your Majesty," he began, "for bringing these in; but I
hadn't quite finished my tea when I was sent for."</p>
<p>"You ought to have finished," said the King. "When did you
begin?"</p>
<p>The Hatter looked at the March Hare, who had followed him into the
court, arm-in-arm with the Dormouse. "Fourteenth of March, I
<em>think</em> it was," he said.</p>
<p>"Fifteenth," said the March Hare.</p>
<p>"Sixteenth," said the Dormouse.</p>
<p>"Write that down," the King said to the jury, and the jury eagerly
wrote down all three dates on their slates, and then added them up, and
reduced the answer to shillings and pence.</p>
<p>"Take off your hat," the King said to the Hatter.</p>
<p>"It isn't mine," said the Hatter.</p>
<p>"<em>Stolen!</em>" the King exclaimed, turning to the jury, who
instantly made a memorandum of the fact.</p>
<p>"I keep them to sell," the Hatter added as an explanation: "I've none
of my own. I'm a hatter."</p>
<p>Here the Queen put on her spectacles, and<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00151"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[144]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_144"></span></span>
began staring hard at the Hatter, who turned pale and fidgeted.</p>
<p>"Give your evidence," said the King; "and don't be nervous, or I'll
have you executed on the spot."</p>
<p>This did not seem to encourage the witness at all: he kept shifting
from one foot to the other, looking uneasily at the Queen, and in his
confusion he bit a large piece out of his teacup instead of the
bread-and-butter.</p>
<p>Just at this moment Alice felt a very curious sensation, which
puzzled her a good deal until she made out what it was: she was
beginning to grow larger again, and she thought at first she would get
up and leave the court; but on second thoughts she decided to remain
where she was as long as there was room for her.</p>
<p>"I wish you wouldn't squeeze so," said the Dormouse, who was sitting
next to her. "I can hardly breathe."</p>
<p>"I can't help it," said Alice very meekly: "I'm growing."</p>
<p>"You've no right to grow <em>here</em>," said the Dormouse.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00152"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[145]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_145"></span></span></p>
<p>"Don't talk nonsense," said Alice more boldly: "you know you're
growing too."</p>
<p>"Yes, but <em>I</em> grow at a reasonable pace," said the Dormouse;
"not in that ridiculous fashion." And he got up very sulkily and crossed
over to the other side of the court.</p>
<p>All this time the Queen had never left off staring at the Hatter,
and, just as the Dormouse crossed the court, she said to one of the
officers of the court, "Bring me the list of the singers in the last
concert!" on which the wretched Hatter trembled so, that he shook off
both his shoes.</p>
<p>"Give your evidence," the King repeated angrily, "or I'll have you
executed, whether you're nervous or not."</p>
<p>"I'm a poor man, your Majesty," the Hatter began, in a trembling
voice, "—and I hadn't begun my tea—not above a week or so—and what with
the bread-and-butter getting so thin—and the twinkling of the tea——"</p>
<p>"The twinkling of <em>what?</em>" said the King.</p>
<p>"It <em>began</em> with the tea," the Hatter replied.</p>
<p>"Of course twinkling <em>begins</em> with a T!" said the King
sharply. "Do you take me for a dunce? Go on!"<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00153"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[146]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_146"></span></span></p>
<p>"I'm a poor man," the Hatter went on, "and most things twinkled after
that—only the March Hare said——"</p>
<p>"I didn't!" the March Hare interrupted in a great hurry.</p>
<p>"You did!" said the Hatter.</p>
<p>"I deny it!" said the March Hare.</p>
<p>"He denies it," said the King: "leave out that part."</p>
<p>"Well, at any rate, the Dormouse said——" the Hatter went on, looking
anxiously round to see if he would deny it too: but the Dormouse denied
nothing, being fast asleep.</p>
<p>"After that," continued the Hatter, "I cut some more
bread-and-butter——"</p>
<p>"But what did the Dormouse say?" one of the jury asked.</p>
<p>"That I can't remember," said the Hatter.</p>
<p>"You <em>must</em> remember," remarked the King, "or I'll have you
executed."</p>
<p>The miserable Hatter dropped his teacup and bread-and-butter, and
went down on one knee. "I'm a poor man, your Majesty," he began.</p>
<p>"You're a <em>very</em> poor <em>speaker</em>," said the King.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00154"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[147]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_147"></span></span></p>
<p>Here one of the guinea-pigs cheered, and was immediately suppressed
by the officers of the court. (As that is rather a hard word, I will
just explain to you how it was done. They had a large canvas bag, which
tied up at the mouth with strings: into this they slipped the
guinea-pig, head first, and then sat upon it.)</p>
<p>"I'm glad I've seen that done," thought Alice. "I've so often read in
the newspapers, at the end of trials, 'There was some attempt at
applause, which was immediately suppressed by the officers of the
court,' and I never understood what it meant till now."</p>
<p>"If that's all you know about it, you may stand down," continued the
King.</p>
<p>"I can't go no lower," said the Hatter: "I'm on the floor, as it
is."</p>
<p>"Then you may <em>sit</em> down," the King replied.</p>
<p>Here the other guinea-pig cheered, and was suppressed.</p>
<p>"Come, that finishes the guinea-pigs!" thought Alice. "Now we shall
get on better."</p>
<p>"I'd rather finish my tea," said the Hatter,<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00155"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[148]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_148"></span></span>
with an anxious look at the Queen, who was reading the list of
singers.</p>
<p>"You may go," said the King; and the Hatter hurriedly left the court,
without even waiting to put his shoes on.</p>
<p>"—and just take his head off outside," the Queen added to one of the
officers; but the Hatter was out of sight before the officer could get
to the door.</p>
<p>"Call the next witness!" said the King.</p>
<p>The next witness was the Duchess's cook. She carried the pepper-box
in her hand, and Alice guessed who it was, even before she got into the
court, by the way the people near the door began sneezing all at
once.</p>
<p>"Give your evidence," said the King.</p>
<p>"Sha'n't," said the cook.</p>
<p>The King looked anxiously at the White Rabbit, who said in a low
voice, "Your Majesty must cross-examine <em>this</em> witness."</p>
<p>"Well, if I must, I must," the King said with a melancholy air, and,
after folding his arms and frowning at the cook till his eyes were
nearly out of sight, he said in a deep voice, "What are tarts made
of?"</p>
<p>"Pepper, mostly," said the cook.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00156"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[149]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_149"></span></span></p>
<p>"Treacle," said a sleepy voice behind her.</p>
<div class="figright" style="width: 176px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_p0149-image.jpg"
id="img_images_p0149-image.jpg" alt="Cook" />
</div>
<p>"Collar that Dormouse," the Queen shrieked out. "Behead that
Dormouse! Turn that Dormouse out of court! Suppress him! Pinch him! Off
with his whiskers."</p>
<p>For some minutes the whole court was in confusion, getting the
Dormouse turned out, and, by the time they had settled down again, the
cook had disappeared.</p>
<p>"Never mind!" said the King, with an air of great relief. "Call the
next witness." And he added in an undertone to the Queen, "Really, my
dear, <em>you</em> must cross-examine the next witness. It quite makes
my forehead ache!"</p>
<p>Alice watched the White Rabbit as he fumbled over the list, feeling
very curious to see what the next witness would be like, "—for they
haven't got much evidence <em>yet</em>," she said to herself. Imagine
her surprise, when the White Rabbit read out, at the top of his shrill
little voice, the name "Alice!"</p>
<hr />
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00157"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[150]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-11.htm.xhtml_Page_150"></span></span></p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml"></span></p>
<div class="chapter">
CHAPTER XII
</div>
<div class="sidenote">
<em>Alice's Evidence</em>
</div>
<div class="figleft" style="width: 85px;">
<img src="360840914614224901_h-quote.png" id="img_images_h-quote.png"
alt="&quot;H" />
</div>
<div class="unindent">
ERE!" cried Alice, quite forgetting in the flurry of the moment how
large she had grown in the last few minutes, and she jumped up in such a
hurry that she tipped over the jury-box with the edge of her skirt,
upsetting all the jurymen on to the heads of the crowd below, and there
they lay sprawling about, reminding her very much of a globe of
gold-fish she had accidentally upset the week before.
</div>
<p>"Oh, I <em>beg</em> your pardon!" she exclaimed in a tone of great
dismay, and began picking them up again as quickly as she could, for the
accident of the gold-fish kept running in her head, and she had a vague
sort of idea that they must be collected at once and put back into the
jury-box, or they would die.</p>
<p>"The trial cannot proceed," said the King<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00158"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[151]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_151"></span></span> in
a very grave voice, "until all the jurymen are back in their proper
places—<em>all</em>," he repeated with great emphasis, looking hard at
Alice as he said so.</p>
<p>Alice looked at the jury-box, and saw that, in her haste, she had put
the Lizard in head downwards, and the poor little thing was waving its
tail about in a melancholy way, being quite unable to move. She soon got
it out again, and put it right; "not that it signifies much," she said
to herself; "I should think it would be <em>quite</em> as much use in
the trial one way up as the other."</p>
<p>As soon as the jury had a little recovered from the shock of being
upset, and their slates and pencils had been found and handed back to
them, they set to work very diligently to write out a history of the
accident, all except the Lizard, who seemed too much overcome to do
anything but sit with its mouth open, gazing up into the roof of the
court.</p>
<p>"What do you know about this business?" the King said to Alice.</p>
<p>"Nothing," said Alice.</p>
<p>"Nothing <em>whatever?</em>" persisted the King.</p>
<p>"Nothing whatever," said Alice.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00159"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[152]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_152"></span></span></p>
<p>"That's very important," the King said, turning to the jury. They
were just beginning to write this down on their slates, when the White
Rabbit interrupted: "<em>Un</em>important, your Majesty means, of
course," he said in a very respectful tone, but frowning and making
faces at him as he spoke.</p>
<p>"<em>Un</em>important, of course, I meant," the King hastily said,
and went on himself in an undertone,
"important—unimportant—unimportant—important——" as if he were trying
which word sounded best.</p>
<p>Some of the jury wrote it down "important," and some "unimportant."
Alice could see this, as she was near enough to look over their slates;
"but it doesn't matter a bit," she thought to herself.</p>
<p>At this moment the King, who had been for some time busily writing in
his note-book, called out "Silence!" and read out from his book, "Rule
Forty-two. <em>All persons more than a mile high to leave the
court.</em>"</p>
<p>Everybody looked at Alice.</p>
<p>"<em>I'm</em> not a mile high," said Alice.</p>
<p>"You are," said the King.</p>
<p>"Nearly two miles high," added the Queen.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00160"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[153]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_153"></span></span></p>
<p>"Well, I sha'n't go, at any rate," said Alice: "besides, that's not a
regular rule: you invented it just now."</p>
<p>"It's the oldest rule in the book," said the King.</p>
<p>"Then it ought to be Number One," said Alice.</p>
<p>The King turned pale, and shut his note-book hastily. "Consider your
verdict," he said to the jury, in a low trembling voice.</p>
<p>"There's more evidence to come yet, please your Majesty," said the
White Rabbit, jumping up in a great hurry: "this paper has just been
picked up."</p>
<p>"<u>What's</u> in it?" said the Queen.</p>
<p>"I haven't opened it yet," said the White Rabbit, "but it seems to be
a letter, written by the prisoner to—to somebody."</p>
<p>"It must have been that," said the King, "unless it was written to
nobody, which isn't usual, you know."</p>
<p>"Who is it directed to?" said one of the jurymen.</p>
<p>"It isn't directed at all," said the White Rabbit; "in fact, there's
nothing written on the <em>outside</em>." He unfolded the paper as
he<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00161"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[154]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_154"></span></span>
spoke, and added "It isn't a letter after all: it's a set of
verses."</p>
<p>"Are they in the prisoner's handwriting?" asked another of the
jurymen.</p>
<p>"No, they're not," said the White Rabbit, "and that's the queerest
thing about it." (The jury all looked puzzled.)</p>
<p>"He must have imitated somebody else's hand," said the King. (The
jury all brightened up again.)</p>
<p>"Please your Majesty," said the Knave, "I didn't write it, and they
can't prove that I did: there's no name signed at the end."</p>
<p>"If you didn't sign it," said the King, "that only makes the matter
worse. You <em>must</em> have meant some mischief, or else you'd have
signed your name like an honest man."</p>
<p>There was a general clapping of hands at this: it was the first
really clever thing the King had said that day.</p>
<p>"That <em>proves</em> his guilt, of course," said the Queen: "so, off
with——"</p>
<p>"It doesn't prove anything of the sort!" said Alice. "Why, you don't
even know what they're about!"</p>
<p>"Read them," said the King.<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00162"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[155]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_155"></span></span></p>
<p>The White Rabbit put on his spectacles. "Where shall I begin, please
your Majesty?" he asked.</p>
<p>"Begin at the beginning," the King said gravely, "and go on till you
come to the end; then stop."</p>
<p>There was dead silence in the court, whilst the White Rabbit read out
these verses:—</p>
<div class="poem">
"They told me you had been to her,<br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">And mentioned me to him:</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">She gave me a good
character,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">But said I could not
swim.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">He sent them word I had not
gone,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">(We know it to be true):</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">If she should push the matter
on,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">What would become of you?</span><br />
<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">I gave her one, they gave him
two,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">You gave us three or
more;</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">They all returned from him to
you,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Though they were mine
before.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">If I or she should chance to
be</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Involved in this affair,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">He trusts to you to set them
free,</span><br />
<span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00163"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[156]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_156"></span></span><span
style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Exactly as we were.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">My notion was that you had
been</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">(Before she had this fit)</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">An obstacle that came
between</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Him, and ourselves, and
it.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Don't let him know she liked them
best,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">For this must ever be</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">A secret, kept from all the
rest,</span><br />
<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Between yourself and me."</span><br />

</div>
<p>"That's the most important piece of evidence we've heard yet," said
the King, rubbing his hands; "so now let the jury——"</p>
<p>"If any of them can explain it," said Alice, (she had grown so large
in the last few minutes that she wasn't a bit afraid of interrupting
him,) "I'll give him sixpence. <em>I</em> don't believe there's an atom
of meaning in it."</p>
<p>The jury all wrote down on their slates, "<em>She</em> doesn't
believe there's an atom of meaning in it," but none of them attempted to
explain the paper.</p>
<p>"If there's no meaning in it," said the King, "that saves a world of
trouble, you know, as we needn't try to find any. And yet I don't<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00164"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[157]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_157"></span></span>
know," he went on, spreading out the verses on his knee, and looking at
them with one eye; "I seem to see some meaning in them after all.
'——<em>said I could not swim</em>—' you can't swim can you?" he added,
turning to the Knave.</p>
<p>The Knave shook his head sadly. "Do I look like it?" he said. (Which
he certainly did <em>not</em>, being made entirely of cardboard.)</p>
<p>"All right, so far," said the King, as he went on muttering over the
verses to himself: "'<em>We know it to be true</em>—' that's the jury,
of course—'<em>If she should push the matter on</em>'—that must be the
Queen—'<em>What would become of you?</em>'—What, indeed!—'<em>I gave her
one, they gave him two</em>—' why, that must be what he did with the
tarts, you know——"</p>
<p>"But it goes on '<em>they all returned from him to you</em>,'" said
Alice.</p>
<p>"Why, there they are!" said the King triumphantly, pointing to the
tarts on the table. "Nothing can be clearer than <em>that</em>. Then
again—'<em>before she had this fit</em>—' you never had <em>fits</em>,
my dear, I think?" he said to the Queen.</p>
<p>"Never!" said the Queen furiously, throwing<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00165"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[158]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_158"></span></span> an
inkstand at the Lizard as she spoke. (The unfortunate little Bill had
left off writing on his slate with one finger, as he found it made no
mark; but he now hastily began again, using the ink, that was trickling
down his face, as long as it lasted.)</p>
<div class="center">
<table style="border-spacing: 0px;padding: 4px;border-width: 0px;"
data-summary="At this the whole pack rose up into the air">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>At this the whole pack rose up into
the air, and came flying down upon her</em></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><img
src="360840914614224901_p0158-insert2.jpg"
id="img_images_p0158-insert2.jpg"
alt="At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and came flying down upon her" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>"Then the words don't <em>fit</em> you," said the King, looking round
the court with a smile. There was a dead silence.</p>
<p>"It's a pun!" the King added in an angry tone, and everybody
laughed.</p>
<p>"Let the jury consider their verdict," the King said, for about the
twentieth time that day.</p>
<p>"No, no!" said the Queen. "Sentence first—verdict afterwards."</p>
<p>"Stuff and nonsense!" said Alice loudly. "The idea of having the
sentence first!"</p>
<p>"Hold your tongue!" said the Queen, turning purple.</p>
<p>"I won't!" said Alice.</p>
<p>"Off with her head!" the Queen shouted at the top of her voice.
Nobody moved.</p>
<p>"Who cares for <em>you?</em>" said Alice (she had grown to her full
size by this time). "You're nothing but a pack of cards!"</p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00166"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[159]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_159"></span></span></p>
<p>At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and came flying down
upon her: she gave a little scream, half of fright and half of anger,
and tried to beat them off, and found herself lying on the bank, with
her head in the lap of her sister, who was gently brushing away some
dead leaves that had fluttered down from the trees upon her face.</p>
<p>"Wake up, Alice dear!" said her sister. "Why, what a long sleep
you've had!"</p>
<p>"Oh, I've had such a curious dream!" said Alice, and she told her
sister, as well as she could remember them, all these strange Adventures
of hers that you have just been reading about; and when she had
finished, her sister kissed her, and said "It <em>was</em> a curious
dream, dear, certainly: but now run in to your tea; it's getting late."
So Alice got up and ran off, thinking while she ran, as well she might,
what a wonderful dream it had been.</p>
<p><span id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00167"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[160]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_160"></span></span></p>
<div class="unindent">
<br />
<br />
<br />
BUT her sister sat still just as she had left her, leaning her head,
watching the setting sun, and thinking of little Alice and all her
wonderful Adventures, till she too began dreaming after a fashion, and
this was her dream:
</div>
<p>First, she dreamed of little Alice herself, and once again the tiny
hands were clasped upon her knee, and the bright eager eyes were looking
up into hers—she could hear the very tones of her voice, and see that
queer little toss of her head to keep back the wandering hair that
<em>would</em> always get into her eyes—and still as she listened, or
seemed to listen, the whole place around her became alive with the
strange creatures of her little sister's dream.</p>
<p>The long grass rustled at her feet as the White Rabbit hurried by—the
frightened Mouse splashed his way through the neighbouring pool—she
could hear the rattle of the teacups as the March Hare and his friends
shared their never-ending meal, and the shrill voice of the Queen
ordering off her unfortunate guests to execution—once more the pig-baby
was sneezing on the Duchess'<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00168"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[161]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_161"></span></span>
knee, while plates and dishes crashed around it—once more the shriek of
the Gryphon, the squeaking of the Lizard's slate-pencil, and the choking
of the suppressed guinea-pigs, filled the air, mixed up with the distant
sobs of the miserable Mock Turtle.</p>
<p>So she sat on with closed eyes, and half believed herself in
Wonderland, though she knew she had but to open them again, and all
would change to dull reality—the grass would be only rustling in the
wind, and the pool rippling to the waving of the reeds—the rattling
teacups would change to the tinkling sheep-bells, and the Queen's shrill
cries to the voice of the shepherd boy—and the sneeze of the baby, the
shriek of the Gryphon, and all the other queer noises, would change (she
knew) to the confused clamour of the busy farm-yard—while the lowing of
the cattle in the distance would take the place of the Mock Turtle's
heavy sobs.</p>
<p>Lastly, she pictured to herself how this same little sister of hers
would, in the after-time, be herself a grown woman; and how she would
keep, through all her riper years, the simple and loving heart of her
childhood:<span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00169"
class="x-ebookmaker-pageno" title="[162]"><span
id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_Page_162"></span></span>
and how she would gather about her other little children, and make
<em>their</em> eyes bright and eager with many a strange tale, perhaps
even with the dream of Wonderland of long ago: and how she would feel
with all their simple sorrows, and find a pleasure in all their simple
joys, remembering her own child-life, and the happy summer days.</p>
<h3 id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00170">THE
END</h3>
<hr />
<div class="copyright">
ILLUSTRATIONS REPRODUCED BY HENTSCHEL COLOURTYPE<br />
TEXT PRINTED BY BALLANTYNE &amp; COMPANY LTD<br />
AT THE BALLANTYNE PRESS<br />
TAVISTOCK STREET<br />
LONDON<br />

</div>
<hr />
<section id="5316092092052573329_28885-h-12.htm.xhtml_pgepubid00171"
class="tnote">
<h3>Transcriber's Note:</h3>
<p>Corrections made are indicated by dotted lines under the corrections.
Scroll the mouse over the word and the original text will
<u>appear</u>.</p>
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<p><strong>Title</strong>: Ulysses</p>
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<p><strong>Author</strong>: James Joyce</p>
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<h1 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pgepubid00000">Ulysses</h1>
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<h2 class="no-break">by James Joyce</h2>
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<h2 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pgepubid00001">Contents</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table summary=""><colgroup><col style="width:100%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_part01" class="pginternal"><span style="font-size:large"><strong>— I —</strong></span></a><br/><br/></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_chap01" class="pginternal">[ 1 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html_chap02" class="pginternal">[ 2 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-3.htm.html_chap03" class="pginternal">[ 3 ]</a><br/><br/></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_part02" class="pginternal"><span style="font-size:large"><strong>— II —</strong></span></a><br/><br/></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_chap04" class="pginternal">[ 4 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-5.htm.html_chap05" class="pginternal">[ 5 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-6.htm.html_chap06" class="pginternal">[ 6 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_chap07" class="pginternal">[ 7 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html_chap08" class="pginternal">[ 8 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_chap09" class="pginternal">[ 9 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html_chap10" class="pginternal">[ 10 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-11.htm.html_chap11" class="pginternal">[ 11 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html_chap12" class="pginternal">[ 12 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-14.htm.html_chap13" class="pginternal">[ 13 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-15.htm.html_chap14" class="pginternal">[ 14 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-17.htm.html_chap15" class="pginternal">[ 15 ]</a><br/><br/></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-21.htm.html_part03" class="pginternal"><span style="font-size:large"><strong>— III —</strong></span></a><br/><br/></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-22.htm.html_chap16" class="pginternal">[ 16 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-24.htm.html_chap17" class="pginternal">[ 17 ]</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html_chap18" class="pginternal">[ 18 ]</a></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_part01"></span>— I —</h2>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_pgepubid00003" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_chap01"></span>[ 1 ]</h3>
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<p>Stately, plump Buck Mulligan came from the stairhead, bearing a bowl of lather
on which a mirror and a razor lay crossed. A yellow dressinggown, ungirdled,
was sustained gently behind him on the mild morning air. He held the bowl aloft
and intoned:</p>
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<p>—<em>Introibo ad altare Dei</em>.</p>
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<p>Halted, he peered down the dark winding stairs and called out coarsely:</p>
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<p>—Come up, Kinch! Come up, you fearful jesuit!</p>
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<p>Solemnly he came forward and mounted the round gunrest. He faced about and
blessed gravely thrice the tower, the surrounding land and the awaking
mountains. Then, catching sight of Stephen Dedalus, he bent towards him and
made rapid crosses in the air, gurgling in his throat and shaking his head.
Stephen Dedalus, displeased and sleepy, leaned his arms on the top of the
staircase and looked coldly at the shaking gurgling face that blessed him,
equine in its length, and at the light untonsured hair, grained and hued like
pale oak.</p>
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<p>Buck Mulligan peeped an instant under the mirror and then covered the bowl
smartly.</p>
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<p>—Back to barracks! he said sternly.</p>
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<p>He added in a preacher’s tone:</p>
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<p>—For this, O dearly beloved, is the genuine Christine: body and soul and
blood and ouns. Slow music, please. Shut your eyes, gents. One moment. A little
trouble about those white corpuscles. Silence, all.</p>
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<p>He peered sideways up and gave a long slow whistle of call, then paused awhile
in rapt attention, his even white teeth glistening here and there with gold
points. Chrysostomos. Two strong shrill whistles answered through the calm.</p>
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<p>—Thanks, old chap, he cried briskly. That will do nicely. Switch off the
current, will you?</p>
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<p>He skipped off the gunrest and looked gravely at his watcher, gathering about
his legs the loose folds of his gown. The plump shadowed face and sullen oval
jowl recalled a prelate, patron of arts in the middle ages. A pleasant smile
broke quietly over his lips.</p>
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<p>—The mockery of it! he said gaily. Your absurd name, an ancient Greek!</p>
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<p>He pointed his finger in friendly jest and went over to the parapet, laughing
to himself. Stephen Dedalus stepped up, followed him wearily halfway and sat
down on the edge of the gunrest, watching him still as he propped his mirror on
the parapet, dipped the brush in the bowl and lathered cheeks and neck.</p>
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<p>Buck Mulligan’s gay voice went on.</p>
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<p>—My name is absurd too: Malachi Mulligan, two dactyls. But it has a
Hellenic ring, hasn’t it? Tripping and sunny like the buck himself. We must go
to Athens. Will you come if I can get the aunt to fork out twenty quid?</p>
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<p>He laid the brush aside and, laughing with delight, cried:</p>
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<p>—Will he come? The jejune jesuit!</p>
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<p>Ceasing, he began to shave with care.</p>
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<p>—Tell me, Mulligan, Stephen said quietly.</p>
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<p>—Yes, my love?</p>
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<p>—How long is Haines going to stay in this tower?</p>
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<p>Buck Mulligan showed a shaven cheek over his right shoulder.</p>
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<p>—God, isn’t he dreadful? he said frankly. A ponderous Saxon. He thinks
you’re not a gentleman. God, these bloody English! Bursting with money and
indigestion. Because he comes from Oxford. You know, Dedalus, you have the real
Oxford manner. He can’t make you out. O, my name for you is the best: Kinch,
the knife-blade.</p>
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<p>He shaved warily over his chin.</p>
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<p>—He was raving all night about a black panther, Stephen said. Where is
his guncase?</p>
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<p>—A woful lunatic! Mulligan said. Were you in a funk?</p>
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<p>—I was, Stephen said with energy and growing fear. Out here in the dark
with a man I don’t know raving and moaning to himself about shooting a black
panther. You saved men from drowning. I’m not a hero, however. If he stays on
here I am off.</p>
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<p>Buck Mulligan frowned at the lather on his razorblade. He hopped down from his
perch and began to search his trouser pockets hastily.</p>
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<p>—Scutter! he cried thickly.</p>
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<p>He came over to the gunrest and, thrusting a hand into Stephen’s upper pocket,
said:</p>
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<p>—Lend us a loan of your noserag to wipe my razor.</p>
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<p>Stephen suffered him to pull out and hold up on show by its corner a dirty
crumpled handkerchief. Buck Mulligan wiped the razorblade neatly. Then, gazing
over the handkerchief, he said:</p>
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<p>—The bard’s noserag! A new art colour for our Irish poets: snotgreen. You
can almost taste it, can’t you?</p>
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<p>He mounted to the parapet again and gazed out over Dublin bay, his fair oakpale
hair stirring slightly.</p>
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<p>—God! he said quietly. Isn’t the sea what Algy calls it: a great sweet
mother? The snotgreen sea. The scrotumtightening sea. <em>Epi oinopa ponton</em>.
Ah, Dedalus, the Greeks! I must teach you. You must read them in the original.
<em>Thalatta! Thalatta!</em> She is our great sweet mother. Come and look.</p>
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<p>Stephen stood up and went over to the parapet. Leaning on it he looked down on
the water and on the mailboat clearing the harbourmouth of Kingstown.</p>
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<p>—Our mighty mother! Buck Mulligan said.</p>
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<p>He turned abruptly his grey searching eyes from the sea to Stephen’s face.</p>
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<p>—The aunt thinks you killed your mother, he said. That’s why she won’t
let me have anything to do with you.</p>
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<p>—Someone killed her, Stephen said gloomily.</p>
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<p>—You could have knelt down, damn it, Kinch, when your dying mother asked
you, Buck Mulligan said. I’m hyperborean as much as you. But to think of your
mother begging you with her last breath to kneel down and pray for her. And you
refused. There is something sinister in you....</p>
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<p>He broke off and lathered again lightly his farther cheek. A tolerant smile
curled his lips.</p>
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<p>—But a lovely mummer! he murmured to himself. Kinch, the loveliest mummer
of them all!</p>
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<p>He shaved evenly and with care, in silence, seriously.</p>
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<p>Stephen, an elbow rested on the jagged granite, leaned his palm against his
brow and gazed at the fraying edge of his shiny black coat-sleeve. Pain, that
was not yet the pain of love, fretted his heart. Silently, in a dream she had
come to him after her death, her wasted body within its loose brown
graveclothes giving off an odour of wax and rosewood, her breath, that had bent
upon him, mute, reproachful, a faint odour of wetted ashes. Across the
threadbare cuffedge he saw the sea hailed as a great sweet mother by the
wellfed voice beside him. The ring of bay and skyline held a dull green mass of
liquid. A bowl of white china had stood beside her deathbed holding the green
sluggish bile which she had torn up from her rotting liver by fits of loud
groaning vomiting.</p>
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<p>Buck Mulligan wiped again his razorblade.</p>
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<p>—Ah, poor dogsbody! he said in a kind voice. I must give you a shirt and
a few noserags. How are the secondhand breeks?</p>
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<p>—They fit well enough, Stephen answered.</p>
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<p>Buck Mulligan attacked the hollow beneath his underlip.</p>
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<p>—The mockery of it, he said contentedly. Secondleg they should be. God
knows what poxy bowsy left them off. I have a lovely pair with a hair stripe,
grey. You’ll look spiffing in them. I’m not joking, Kinch. You look damn well
when you’re dressed.</p>
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<p>—Thanks, Stephen said. I can’t wear them if they are grey.</p>
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<p>—He can’t wear them, Buck Mulligan told his face in the mirror. Etiquette
is etiquette. He kills his mother but he can’t wear grey trousers.</p>
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<p>He folded his razor neatly and with stroking palps of fingers felt the smooth
skin.</p>
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<p>Stephen turned his gaze from the sea and to the plump face with its smokeblue
mobile eyes.</p>
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<p>—That fellow I was with in the Ship last night, said Buck Mulligan, says
you have g. p. i. He’s up in Dottyville with Connolly Norman. General paralysis
of the insane!</p>
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<p>He swept the mirror a half circle in the air to flash the tidings abroad in
sunlight now radiant on the sea. His curling shaven lips laughed and the edges
of his white glittering teeth. Laughter seized all his strong wellknit trunk.</p>
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<p>—Look at yourself, he said, you dreadful bard!</p>
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<p>Stephen bent forward and peered at the mirror held out to him, cleft by a
crooked crack. Hair on end. As he and others see me. Who chose this face for
me? This dogsbody to rid of vermin. It asks me too.</p>
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<p>—I pinched it out of the skivvy’s room, Buck Mulligan said. It does her
all right. The aunt always keeps plainlooking servants for Malachi. Lead him
not into temptation. And her name is Ursula.</p>
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<p>Laughing again, he brought the mirror away from Stephen’s peering eyes.</p>
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<p>—The rage of Caliban at not seeing his face in a mirror, he said. If
Wilde were only alive to see you!</p>
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<p>Drawing back and pointing, Stephen said with bitterness:</p>
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<p>—It is a symbol of Irish art. The cracked lookingglass of a servant.</p>
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<p>Buck Mulligan suddenly linked his arm in Stephen’s and walked with him round
the tower, his razor and mirror clacking in the pocket where he had thrust
them.</p>
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<p>—It’s not fair to tease you like that, Kinch, is it? he said kindly. God
knows you have more spirit than any of them.</p>
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<p>Parried again. He fears the lancet of my art as I fear that of his. The cold
steel pen.</p>
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<p>—Cracked lookingglass of a servant! Tell that to the oxy chap downstairs
and touch him for a guinea. He’s stinking with money and thinks you’re not a
gentleman. His old fellow made his tin by selling jalap to Zulus or some bloody
swindle or other. God, Kinch, if you and I could only work together we might do
something for the island. Hellenise it.</p>
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<p>Cranly’s arm. His arm.</p>
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<p>—And to think of your having to beg from these swine. I’m the only one
that knows what you are. Why don’t you trust me more? What have you up your
nose against me? Is it Haines? If he makes any noise here I’ll bring down
Seymour and we’ll give him a ragging worse than they gave Clive Kempthorpe.</p>
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<p>Young shouts of moneyed voices in Clive Kempthorpe’s rooms. Palefaces: they
hold their ribs with laughter, one clasping another. O, I shall expire! Break
the news to her gently, Aubrey! I shall die! With slit ribbons of his shirt
whipping the air he hops and hobbles round the table, with trousers down at
heels, chased by Ades of Magdalen with the tailor’s shears. A scared calf’s
face gilded with marmalade. I don’t want to be debagged! Don’t you play the
giddy ox with me!</p>
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<p>Shouts from the open window startling evening in the quadrangle. A deaf
gardener, aproned, masked with Matthew Arnold’s face, pushes his mower on the
sombre lawn watching narrowly the dancing motes of grasshalms.</p>
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<p>To ourselves... new paganism... omphalos.</p>
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<p>—Let him stay, Stephen said. There’s nothing wrong with him except at
night.</p>
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<p>—Then what is it? Buck Mulligan asked impatiently. Cough it up. I’m quite
frank with you. What have you against me now?</p>
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<p>They halted, looking towards the blunt cape of Bray Head that lay on the water
like the snout of a sleeping whale. Stephen freed his arm quietly.</p>
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<p>—Do you wish me to tell you? he asked.</p>
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<p>—Yes, what is it? Buck Mulligan answered. I don’t remember anything.</p>
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<p>He looked in Stephen’s face as he spoke. A light wind passed his brow, fanning
softly his fair uncombed hair and stirring silver points of anxiety in his
eyes.</p>
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<p>Stephen, depressed by his own voice, said:</p>
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<p>—Do you remember the first day I went to your house after my mother’s
death?</p>
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<p>Buck Mulligan frowned quickly and said:</p>
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<p>—What? Where? I can’t remember anything. I remember only ideas and
sensations. Why? What happened in the name of God?</p>
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<p>—You were making tea, Stephen said, and went across the landing to get
more hot water. Your mother and some visitor came out of the drawingroom. She
asked you who was in your room.</p>
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<p>—Yes? Buck Mulligan said. What did I say? I forget.</p>
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<p>—You said, Stephen answered, <em>O, it’s only Dedalus whose mother is
beastly dead.</em></p>
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<p>A flush which made him seem younger and more engaging rose to Buck Mulligan’s
cheek.</p>
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<p>—Did I say that? he asked. Well? What harm is that?</p>
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<p>He shook his constraint from him nervously.</p>
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<p>—And what is death, he asked, your mother’s or yours or my own? You saw
only your mother die. I see them pop off every day in the Mater and Richmond
and cut up into tripes in the dissectingroom. It’s a beastly thing and nothing
else. It simply doesn’t matter. You wouldn’t kneel down to pray for your mother
on her deathbed when she asked you. Why? Because you have the cursed jesuit
strain in you, only it’s injected the wrong way. To me it’s all a mockery and
beastly. Her cerebral lobes are not functioning. She calls the doctor sir Peter
Teazle and picks buttercups off the quilt. Humour her till it’s over. You
crossed her last wish in death and yet you sulk with me because I don’t whinge
like some hired mute from Lalouette’s. Absurd! I suppose I did say it. I didn’t
mean to offend the memory of your mother.</p>
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<p>He had spoken himself into boldness. Stephen, shielding the gaping wounds which
the words had left in his heart, said very coldly:</p>
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<p>—I am not thinking of the offence to my mother.</p>
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<p>—Of what then? Buck Mulligan asked.</p>
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<p>—Of the offence to me, Stephen answered.</p>
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<p>Buck Mulligan swung round on his heel.</p>
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<p>—O, an impossible person! he exclaimed.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked off quickly round the parapet. Stephen stood at his post, gazing over
the calm sea towards the headland. Sea and headland now grew dim. Pulses were
beating in his eyes, veiling their sight, and he felt the fever of his cheeks.</p>
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<p>A voice within the tower called loudly:</p>
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<p>—Are you up there, Mulligan?</p>
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<p>—I’m coming, Buck Mulligan answered.</p>
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<p>He turned towards Stephen and said:</p>
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<p>—Look at the sea. What does it care about offences? Chuck Loyola, Kinch,
and come on down. The Sassenach wants his morning rashers.</p>
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<p>His head halted again for a moment at the top of the staircase, level with the
roof:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Don’t mope over it all day, he said. I’m inconsequent. Give up the moody
brooding.</p>
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<p>His head vanished but the drone of his descending voice boomed out of the
stairhead:</p>
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<p>And no more turn aside and brood<br/>Upon love’s bitter mystery<br/>For Fergus rules the brazen cars.</p>
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<p>Woodshadows floated silently by through the morning peace from the stairhead
seaward where he gazed. Inshore and farther out the mirror of water whitened,
spurned by lightshod hurrying feet. White breast of the dim sea. The twining
stresses, two by two. A hand plucking the harpstrings, merging their twining
chords. Wavewhite wedded words shimmering on the dim tide.</p>
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<p>A cloud began to cover the sun slowly, wholly, shadowing the bay in deeper
green. It lay beneath him, a bowl of bitter waters. Fergus’ song: I sang it
alone in the house, holding down the long dark chords. Her door was open: she
wanted to hear my music. Silent with awe and pity I went to her bedside. She
was crying in her wretched bed. For those words, Stephen: love’s bitter
mystery.</p>
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<p>Where now?</p>
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<p>Her secrets: old featherfans, tasselled dancecards, powdered with musk, a gaud
of amber beads in her locked drawer. A birdcage hung in the sunny window of her
house when she was a girl. She heard old Royce sing in the pantomime of Turko
the Terrible and laughed with others when he sang:</p>
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<p>I am the boy<br/>That can enjoy<br/>Invisibility.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Phantasmal mirth, folded away: muskperfumed.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And no more turn aside and brood.</p>
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<p>Folded away in the memory of nature with her toys. Memories beset his brooding
brain. Her glass of water from the kitchen tap when she had approached the
sacrament. A cored apple, filled with brown sugar, roasting for her at the hob
on a dark autumn evening. Her shapely fingernails reddened by the blood of
squashed lice from the children’s shirts.</p>
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<p>In a dream, silently, she had come to him, her wasted body within its loose
graveclothes giving off an odour of wax and rosewood, her breath, bent over him
with mute secret words, a faint odour of wetted ashes.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Her glazing eyes, staring out of death, to shake and bend my soul. On me alone.
The ghostcandle to light her agony. Ghostly light on the tortured face. Her
hoarse loud breath rattling in horror, while all prayed on their knees. Her
eyes on me to strike me down. <em>Liliata rutilantium te confessorum turma
circumdet: iubilantium te virginum chorus excipiat.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ghoul! Chewer of corpses!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No, mother! Let me be and let me live.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Kinch ahoy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan’s voice sang from within the tower. It came nearer up the
staircase, calling again. Stephen, still trembling at his soul’s cry, heard
warm running sunlight and in the air behind him friendly words.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dedalus, come down, like a good mosey. Breakfast is ready. Haines is
apologising for waking us last night. It’s all right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m coming, Stephen said, turning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do, for Jesus’ sake, Buck Mulligan said. For my sake and for all our
sakes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His head disappeared and reappeared.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I told him your symbol of Irish art. He says it’s very clever. Touch him
for a quid, will you? A guinea, I mean.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I get paid this morning, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The school kip? Buck Mulligan said. How much? Four quid? Lend us one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—If you want it, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Four shining sovereigns, Buck Mulligan cried with delight. We’ll have a
glorious drunk to astonish the druidy druids. Four omnipotent sovereigns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He flung up his hands and tramped down the stone stairs, singing out of tune
with a Cockney accent:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, won’t we have a merry time,<br/>Drinking whisky, beer and wine!<br/>On coronation,<br/>Coronation day!<br/>O, won’t we have a merry time<br/>On coronation day!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Warm sunshine merrying over the sea. The nickel shavingbowl shone, forgotten,
on the parapet. Why should I bring it down? Or leave it there all day,
forgotten friendship?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went over to it, held it in his hands awhile, feeling its coolness, smelling
the clammy slaver of the lather in which the brush was stuck. So I carried the
boat of incense then at Clongowes. I am another now and yet the same. A servant
too. A server of a servant.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the gloomy domed livingroom of the tower Buck Mulligan’s gowned form moved
briskly to and fro about the hearth, hiding and revealing its yellow glow. Two
shafts of soft daylight fell across the flagged floor from the high barbacans:
and at the meeting of their rays a cloud of coalsmoke and fumes of fried grease
floated, turning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We’ll be choked, Buck Mulligan said. Haines, open that door, will you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen laid the shavingbowl on the locker. A tall figure rose from the hammock
where it had been sitting, went to the doorway and pulled open the inner doors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Have you the key? a voice asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dedalus has it, Buck Mulligan said. Janey Mack, I’m choked!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He howled, without looking up from the fire:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Kinch!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s in the lock, Stephen said, coming forward.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The key scraped round harshly twice and, when the heavy door had been set ajar,
welcome light and bright air entered. Haines stood at the doorway, looking out.
Stephen haled his upended valise to the table and sat down to wait. Buck
Mulligan tossed the fry on to the dish beside him. Then he carried the dish and
a large teapot over to the table, set them down heavily and sighed with relief.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m melting, he said, as the candle remarked when... But, hush! Not a
word more on that subject! Kinch, wake up! Bread, butter, honey. Haines, come
in. The grub is ready. Bless us, O Lord, and these thy gifts. Where’s the
sugar? O, jay, there’s no milk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen fetched the loaf and the pot of honey and the buttercooler from the
locker. Buck Mulligan sat down in a sudden pet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What sort of a kip is this? he said. I told her to come after eight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We can drink it black, Stephen said thirstily. There’s a lemon in the
locker.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, damn you and your Paris fads! Buck Mulligan said. I want Sandycove
milk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines came in from the doorway and said quietly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That woman is coming up with the milk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The blessings of God on you! Buck Mulligan cried, jumping up from his
chair. Sit down. Pour out the tea there. The sugar is in the bag. Here, I can’t
go fumbling at the damned eggs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He hacked through the fry on the dish and slapped it out on three plates,
saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>In nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines sat down to pour out the tea.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m giving you two lumps each, he said. But, I say, Mulligan, you do
make strong tea, don’t you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan, hewing thick slices from the loaf, said in an old woman’s
wheedling voice:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—When I makes tea I makes tea, as old mother Grogan said. And when I
makes water I makes water.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—By Jove, it is tea, Haines said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan went on hewing and wheedling:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>So I do, Mrs Cahill,</em> says she. <em>Begob, ma’am,</em> says Mrs
Cahill, <em>God send you don’t make them in the one pot.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He lunged towards his messmates in turn a thick slice of bread, impaled on his
knife.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s folk, he said very earnestly, for your book, Haines. Five lines
of text and ten pages of notes about the folk and the fishgods of Dundrum.
Printed by the weird sisters in the year of the big wind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned to Stephen and asked in a fine puzzled voice, lifting his brows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Can you recall, brother, is mother Grogan’s tea and water pot spoken of
in the Mabinogion or is it in the Upanishads?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I doubt it, said Stephen gravely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you now? Buck Mulligan said in the same tone. Your reasons, pray?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I fancy, Stephen said as he ate, it did not exist in or out of the
Mabinogion. Mother Grogan was, one imagines, a kinswoman of Mary Ann.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan’s face smiled with delight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Charming! he said in a finical sweet voice, showing his white teeth and
blinking his eyes pleasantly. Do you think she was? Quite charming!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then, suddenly overclouding all his features, he growled in a hoarsened rasping
voice as he hewed again vigorously at the loaf:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—For old Mary Ann<br/>She doesn’t care a damn.<br/>But, hising up her petticoats...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He crammed his mouth with fry and munched and droned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The doorway was darkened by an entering form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The milk, sir!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come in, ma’am, Mulligan said. Kinch, get the jug.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An old woman came forward and stood by Stephen’s elbow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s a lovely morning, sir, she said. Glory be to God.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—To whom? Mulligan said, glancing at her. Ah, to be sure!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen reached back and took the milkjug from the locker.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The islanders, Mulligan said to Haines casually, speak frequently of the
collector of prepuces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How much, sir? asked the old woman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A quart, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He watched her pour into the measure and thence into the jug rich white milk,
not hers. Old shrunken paps. She poured again a measureful and a tilly. Old and
secret she had entered from a morning world, maybe a messenger. She praised the
goodness of the milk, pouring it out. Crouching by a patient cow at daybreak in
the lush field, a witch on her toadstool, her wrinkled fingers quick at the
squirting dugs. They lowed about her whom they knew, dewsilky cattle. Silk of
the kine and poor old woman, names given her in old times. A wandering crone,
lowly form of an immortal serving her conqueror and her gay betrayer, their
common cuckquean, a messenger from the secret morning. To serve or to upbraid,
whether he could not tell: but scorned to beg her favour.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It is indeed, ma’am, Buck Mulligan said, pouring milk into their cups.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Taste it, sir, she said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He drank at her bidding.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—If we could live on good food like that, he said to her somewhat loudly,
we wouldn’t have the country full of rotten teeth and rotten guts. Living in a
bogswamp, eating cheap food and the streets paved with dust, horsedung and
consumptives’ spits.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you a medical student, sir? the old woman asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I am, ma’am, Buck Mulligan answered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Look at that now, she said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen listened in scornful silence. She bows her old head to a voice that
speaks to her loudly, her bonesetter, her medicineman: me she slights. To the
voice that will shrive and oil for the grave all there is of her but her
woman’s unclean loins, of man’s flesh made not in God’s likeness, the serpent’s
prey. And to the loud voice that now bids her be silent with wondering unsteady
eyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you understand what he says? Stephen asked her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is it French you are talking, sir? the old woman said to Haines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines spoke to her again a longer speech, confidently.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Irish, Buck Mulligan said. Is there Gaelic on you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I thought it was Irish, she said, by the sound of it. Are you from the
west, sir?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I am an Englishman, Haines answered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s English, Buck Mulligan said, and he thinks we ought to speak Irish
in Ireland.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sure we ought to, the old woman said, and I’m ashamed I don’t speak the
language myself. I’m told it’s a grand language by them that knows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Grand is no name for it, said Buck Mulligan. Wonderful entirely. Fill us
out some more tea, Kinch. Would you like a cup, ma’am?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, thank you, sir, the old woman said, slipping the ring of the milkcan
on her forearm and about to go.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines said to her:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Have you your bill? We had better pay her, Mulligan, hadn’t we?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen filled again the three cups.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bill, sir? she said, halting. Well, it’s seven mornings a pint at
twopence is seven twos is a shilling and twopence over and these three mornings
a quart at fourpence is three quarts is a shilling. That’s a shilling and one
and two is two and two, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan sighed and, having filled his mouth with a crust thickly buttered
on both sides, stretched forth his legs and began to search his trouser
pockets.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pay up and look pleasant, Haines said to him, smiling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen filled a third cup, a spoonful of tea colouring faintly the thick rich
milk. Buck Mulligan brought up a florin, twisted it round in his fingers and
cried:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A miracle!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He passed it along the table towards the old woman, saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ask nothing more of me, sweet. All I can give you I give.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen laid the coin in her uneager hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We’ll owe twopence, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Time enough, sir, she said, taking the coin. Time enough. Good morning,
sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She curtseyed and went out, followed by Buck Mulligan’s tender chant:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Heart of my heart, were it more,<br/>More would be laid at your feet.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned to Stephen and said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Seriously, Dedalus. I’m stony. Hurry out to your school kip and bring us
back some money. Today the bards must drink and junket. Ireland expects that
every man this day will do his duty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That reminds me, Haines said, rising, that I have to visit your national
library today.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Our swim first, Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned to Stephen and asked blandly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is this the day for your monthly wash, Kinch?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then he said to Haines:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The unclean bard makes a point of washing once a month.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—All Ireland is washed by the gulfstream, Stephen said as he let honey
trickle over a slice of the loaf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines from the corner where he was knotting easily a scarf about the loose
collar of his tennis shirt spoke:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I intend to make a collection of your sayings if you will let me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Speaking to me. They wash and tub and scrub. Agenbite of inwit. Conscience. Yet
here’s a spot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That one about the cracked lookingglass of a servant being the symbol of
Irish art is deuced good.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan kicked Stephen’s foot under the table and said with warmth of
tone:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wait till you hear him on Hamlet, Haines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, I mean it, Haines said, still speaking to Stephen. I was just
thinking of it when that poor old creature came in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Would I make any money by it? Stephen asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines laughed and, as he took his soft grey hat from the holdfast of the
hammock, said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I don’t know, I’m sure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He strolled out to the doorway. Buck Mulligan bent across to Stephen and said
with coarse vigour:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You put your hoof in it now. What did you say that for?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well? Stephen said. The problem is to get money. From whom? From the
milkwoman or from him. It’s a toss up, I think.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I blow him out about you, Buck Mulligan said, and then you come along
with your lousy leer and your gloomy jesuit jibes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I see little hope, Stephen said, from her or from him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan sighed tragically and laid his hand on Stephen’s arm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—From me, Kinch, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In a suddenly changed tone he added:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—To tell you the God’s truth I think you’re right. Damn all else they are
good for. Why don’t you play them as I do? To hell with them all. Let us get
out of the kip.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stood up, gravely ungirdled and disrobed himself of his gown, saying
resignedly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mulligan is stripped of his garments.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He emptied his pockets on to the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There’s your snotrag, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And putting on his stiff collar and rebellious tie he spoke to them, chiding
them, and to his dangling watchchain. His hands plunged and rummaged in his
trunk while he called for a clean handkerchief. God, we’ll simply have to dress
the character. I want puce gloves and green boots. Contradiction. Do I
contradict myself? Very well then, I contradict myself. Mercurial Malachi. A
limp black missile flew out of his talking hands.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And there’s your Latin quarter hat, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen picked it up and put it on. Haines called to them from the doorway:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you coming, you fellows?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m ready, Buck Mulligan answered, going towards the door. Come out,
Kinch. You have eaten all we left, I suppose. Resigned he passed out with grave
words and gait, saying, wellnigh with sorrow:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And going forth he met Butterly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen, taking his ashplant from its leaningplace, followed them out and, as
they went down the ladder, pulled to the slow iron door and locked it. He put
the huge key in his inner pocket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At the foot of the ladder Buck Mulligan asked:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did you bring the key?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I have it, Stephen said, preceding them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked on. Behind him he heard Buck Mulligan club with his heavy bathtowel
the leader shoots of ferns or grasses.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Down, sir! How dare you, sir!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines asked:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you pay rent for this tower?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Twelve quid, Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—To the secretary of state for war, Stephen added over his shoulder.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They halted while Haines surveyed the tower and said at last:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Rather bleak in wintertime, I should say. Martello you call it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Billy Pitt had them built, Buck Mulligan said, when the French were on
the sea. But ours is the <em>omphalos</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is your idea of Hamlet? Haines asked Stephen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, no, Buck Mulligan shouted in pain. I’m not equal to Thomas Aquinas
and the fiftyfive reasons he has made out to prop it up. Wait till I have a few
pints in me first.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned to Stephen, saying, as he pulled down neatly the peaks of his
primrose waistcoat:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You couldn’t manage it under three pints, Kinch, could you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It has waited so long, Stephen said listlessly, it can wait longer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You pique my curiosity, Haines said amiably. Is it some paradox?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pooh! Buck Mulligan said. We have grown out of Wilde and paradoxes. It’s
quite simple. He proves by algebra that Hamlet’s grandson is Shakespeare’s
grandfather and that he himself is the ghost of his own father.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What? Haines said, beginning to point at Stephen. He himself?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan slung his towel stolewise round his neck and, bending in loose
laughter, said to Stephen’s ear:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, shade of Kinch the elder! Japhet in search of a father!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We’re always tired in the morning, Stephen said to Haines. And it is
rather long to tell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan, walking forward again, raised his hands.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The sacred pint alone can unbind the tongue of Dedalus, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I mean to say, Haines explained to Stephen as they followed, this tower
and these cliffs here remind me somehow of Elsinore. <em>That beetles o’er his
base into the sea,</em> isn’t it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan turned suddenly for an instant towards Stephen but did not speak.
In the bright silent instant Stephen saw his own image in cheap dusty mourning
between their gay attires.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s a wonderful tale, Haines said, bringing them to halt again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Eyes, pale as the sea the wind had freshened, paler, firm and prudent. The
seas’ ruler, he gazed southward over the bay, empty save for the smokeplume of
the mailboat vague on the bright skyline and a sail tacking by the Muglins.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I read a theological interpretation of it somewhere, he said bemused.
The Father and the Son idea. The Son striving to be atoned with the Father.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan at once put on a blithe broadly smiling face. He looked at them,
his wellshaped mouth open happily, his eyes, from which he had suddenly
withdrawn all shrewd sense, blinking with mad gaiety. He moved a doll’s head to
and fro, the brims of his Panama hat quivering, and began to chant in a quiet
happy foolish voice:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—I’m the queerest young fellow that ever you heard.<br/>My mother’s a jew, my father’s a bird.<br/>With Joseph the joiner I cannot agree.<br/>So here’s to disciples and Calvary.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He held up a forefinger of warning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—If anyone thinks that I amn’t divine<br/>He’ll get no free drinks when I’m making the wine<br/>But have to drink water and wish it were plain<br/>That I make when the wine becomes water again.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He tugged swiftly at Stephen’s ashplant in farewell and, running forward to a
brow of the cliff, fluttered his hands at his sides like fins or wings of one
about to rise in the air, and chanted:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Goodbye, now, goodbye! Write down all I said<br/>And tell Tom, Dick and Harry I rose from the dead.<br/>What’s bred in the bone cannot fail me to fly<br/>And Olivet’s breezy... Goodbye, now, goodbye!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He capered before them down towards the fortyfoot hole, fluttering his winglike
hands, leaping nimbly, Mercury’s hat quivering in the fresh wind that bore back
to them his brief birdsweet cries.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines, who had been laughing guardedly, walked on beside Stephen and said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We oughtn’t to laugh, I suppose. He’s rather blasphemous. I’m not a
believer myself, that is to say. Still his gaiety takes the harm out of it
somehow, doesn’t it? What did he call it? Joseph the Joiner?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The ballad of joking Jesus, Stephen answered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, Haines said, you have heard it before?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Three times a day, after meals, Stephen said drily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You’re not a believer, are you? Haines asked. I mean, a believer in the
narrow sense of the word. Creation from nothing and miracles and a personal
God.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There’s only one sense of the word, it seems to me, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines stopped to take out a smooth silver case in which twinkled a green
stone. He sprang it open with his thumb and offered it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thank you, Stephen said, taking a cigarette.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines helped himself and snapped the case to. He put it back in his sidepocket
and took from his waistcoatpocket a nickel tinderbox, sprang it open too, and,
having lit his cigarette, held the flaming spunk towards Stephen in the shell
of his hands.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, of course, he said, as they went on again. Either you believe or
you don’t, isn’t it? Personally I couldn’t stomach that idea of a personal God.
You don’t stand for that, I suppose?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You behold in me, Stephen said with grim displeasure, a horrible example
of free thought.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked on, waiting to be spoken to, trailing his ashplant by his side. Its
ferrule followed lightly on the path, squealing at his heels. My familiar,
after me, calling, Steeeeeeeeeeeephen! A wavering line along the path. They
will walk on it tonight, coming here in the dark. He wants that key. It is
mine. I paid the rent. Now I eat his salt bread. Give him the key too. All. He
will ask for it. That was in his eyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—After all, Haines began...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen turned and saw that the cold gaze which had measured him was not all
unkind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—After all, I should think you are able to free yourself. You are your
own master, it seems to me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I am a servant of two masters, Stephen said, an English and an Italian.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Italian? Haines said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A crazy queen, old and jealous. Kneel down before me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And a third, Stephen said, there is who wants me for odd jobs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Italian? Haines said again. What do you mean?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The imperial British state, Stephen answered, his colour rising, and the
holy Roman catholic and apostolic church.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines detached from his underlip some fibres of tobacco before he spoke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I can quite understand that, he said calmly. An Irishman must think like
that, I daresay. We feel in England that we have treated you rather unfairly.
It seems history is to blame.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The proud potent titles clanged over Stephen’s memory the triumph of their
brazen bells: <em>et unam sanctam catholicam et apostolicam ecclesiam:</em> the
slow growth and change of rite and dogma like his own rare thoughts, a
chemistry of stars. Symbol of the apostles in the mass for pope Marcellus, the
voices blended, singing alone loud in affirmation: and behind their chant the
vigilant angel of the church militant disarmed and menaced her heresiarchs. A
horde of heresies fleeing with mitres awry: Photius and the brood of mockers of
whom Mulligan was one, and Arius, warring his life long upon the
consubstantiality of the Son with the Father, and Valentine, spurning Christ’s
terrene body, and the subtle African heresiarch Sabellius who held that the
Father was Himself His own Son. Words Mulligan had spoken a moment since in
mockery to the stranger. Idle mockery. The void awaits surely all them that
weave the wind: a menace, a disarming and a worsting from those embattled
angels of the church, Michael’s host, who defend her ever in the hour of
conflict with their lances and their shields.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hear, hear! Prolonged applause. <em>Zut! Nom de Dieu!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Of course I’m a Britisher, Haines’s voice said, and I feel as one. I
don’t want to see my country fall into the hands of German jews either. That’s
our national problem, I’m afraid, just now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Two men stood at the verge of the cliff, watching: businessman, boatman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—She’s making for Bullock harbour.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The boatman nodded towards the north of the bay with some disdain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There’s five fathoms out there, he said. It’ll be swept up that way when
the tide comes in about one. It’s nine days today.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The man that was drowned. A sail veering about the blank bay waiting for a
swollen bundle to bob up, roll over to the sun a puffy face, saltwhite. Here I
am.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They followed the winding path down to the creek. Buck Mulligan stood on a
stone, in shirtsleeves, his unclipped tie rippling over his shoulder. A young
man clinging to a spur of rock near him, moved slowly frogwise his green legs
in the deep jelly of the water.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is the brother with you, Malachi?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Down in Westmeath. With the Bannons.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Still there? I got a card from Bannon. Says he found a sweet young thing
down there. Photo girl he calls her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Snapshot, eh? Brief exposure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan sat down to unlace his boots. An elderly man shot up near the
spur of rock a blowing red face. He scrambled up by the stones, water
glistening on his pate and on its garland of grey hair, water rilling over his
chest and paunch and spilling jets out of his black sagging loincloth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan made way for him to scramble past and, glancing at Haines and
Stephen, crossed himself piously with his thumbnail at brow and lips and
breastbone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Seymour’s back in town, the young man said, grasping again his spur of
rock. Chucked medicine and going in for the army.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah, go to God! Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Going over next week to stew. You know that red Carlisle girl, Lily?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Spooning with him last night on the pier. The father is rotto with
money.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is she up the pole?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Better ask Seymour that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Seymour a bleeding officer! Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He nodded to himself as he drew off his trousers and stood up, saying tritely:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Redheaded women buck like goats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He broke off in alarm, feeling his side under his flapping shirt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—My twelfth rib is gone, he cried. I’m the <em>Übermensch.</em> Toothless
Kinch and I, the supermen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He struggled out of his shirt and flung it behind him to where his clothes lay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you going in here, Malachi?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes. Make room in the bed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The young man shoved himself backward through the water and reached the middle
of the creek in two long clean strokes. Haines sat down on a stone, smoking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you not coming in? Buck Mulligan asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Later on, Haines said. Not on my breakfast.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen turned away.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m going, Mulligan, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Give us that key, Kinch, Buck Mulligan said, to keep my chemise flat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen handed him the key. Buck Mulligan laid it across his heaped clothes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And twopence, he said, for a pint. Throw it there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen threw two pennies on the soft heap. Dressing, undressing. Buck Mulligan
erect, with joined hands before him, said solemnly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He who stealeth from the poor lendeth to the Lord. Thus spake
Zarathustra.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His plump body plunged.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We’ll see you again, Haines said, turning as Stephen walked up the path
and smiling at wild Irish.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Horn of a bull, hoof of a horse, smile of a Saxon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The Ship, Buck Mulligan cried. Half twelve.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked along the upwardcurving path.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Liliata rutilantium.<br/>Turma circumdet.<br/>Iubilantium te virginum.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The priest’s grey nimbus in a niche where he dressed discreetly. I will not
sleep here tonight. Home also I cannot go.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A voice, sweettoned and sustained, called to him from the sea. Turning the
curve he waved his hand. It called again. A sleek brown head, a seal’s, far out
on the water, round.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Usurper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html_pgepubid00004" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html_chap02"></span>[ 2 ]</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You, Cochrane, what city sent for him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tarentum, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Very good. Well?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There was a battle, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Very good. Where?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The boy’s blank face asked the blank window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fabled by the daughters of memory. And yet it was in some way if not as memory
fabled it. A phrase, then, of impatience, thud of Blake’s wings of excess. I
hear the ruin of all space, shattered glass and toppling masonry, and time one
livid final flame. What’s left us then?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I forget the place, sir. 279 B. C.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Asculum, Stephen said, glancing at the name and date in the gorescarred
book.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir. And he said: <em>Another victory like that and we are done
for.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That phrase the world had remembered. A dull ease of the mind. From a hill
above a corpsestrewn plain a general speaking to his officers, leaned upon his
spear. Any general to any officers. They lend ear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You, Armstrong, Stephen said. What was the end of Pyrrhus?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—End of Pyrrhus, sir?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know, sir. Ask me, sir, Comyn said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wait. You, Armstrong. Do you know anything about Pyrrhus?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A bag of figrolls lay snugly in Armstrong’s satchel. He curled them between his
palms at whiles and swallowed them softly. Crumbs adhered to the tissue of his
lips. A sweetened boy’s breath. Welloff people, proud that their eldest son was
in the navy. Vico Road, Dalkey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pyrrhus, sir? Pyrrhus, a pier.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All laughed. Mirthless high malicious laughter. Armstrong looked round at his
classmates, silly glee in profile. In a moment they will laugh more loudly,
aware of my lack of rule and of the fees their papas pay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tell me now, Stephen said, poking the boy’s shoulder with the book, what
is a pier.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A pier, sir, Armstrong said. A thing out in the water. A kind of a
bridge. Kingstown pier, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some laughed again: mirthless but with meaning. Two in the back bench
whispered. Yes. They knew: had never learned nor ever been innocent. All. With
envy he watched their faces: Edith, Ethel, Gerty, Lily. Their likes: their
breaths, too, sweetened with tea and jam, their bracelets tittering in the
struggle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Kingstown pier, Stephen said. Yes, a disappointed bridge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The words troubled their gaze.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How, sir? Comyn asked. A bridge is across a river.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For Haines’s chapbook. No-one here to hear. Tonight deftly amid wild drink and
talk, to pierce the polished mail of his mind. What then? A jester at the court
of his master, indulged and disesteemed, winning a clement master’s praise. Why
had they chosen all that part? Not wholly for the smooth caress. For them too
history was a tale like any other too often heard, their land a pawnshop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Had Pyrrhus not fallen by a beldam’s hand in Argos or Julius Caesar not been
knifed to death. They are not to be thought away. Time has branded them and
fettered they are lodged in the room of the infinite possibilities they have
ousted. But can those have been possible seeing that they never were? Or was
that only possible which came to pass? Weave, weaver of the wind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tell us a story, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, do, sir. A ghoststory.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where do you begin in this? Stephen asked, opening another book.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Weep no more,</em> Comyn said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Go on then, Talbot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And the story, sir?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—After, Stephen said. Go on, Talbot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A swarthy boy opened a book and propped it nimbly under the breastwork of his
satchel. He recited jerks of verse with odd glances at the text:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Weep no more, woful shepherds, weep no more<br/>For Lycidas, your sorrow, is not dead,<br/>Sunk though he be beneath the watery floor...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It must be a movement then, an actuality of the possible as possible.
Aristotle’s phrase formed itself within the gabbled verses and floated out into
the studious silence of the library of Saint Genevieve where he had read,
sheltered from the sin of Paris, night by night. By his elbow a delicate
Siamese conned a handbook of strategy. Fed and feeding brains about me: under
glowlamps, impaled, with faintly beating feelers: and in my mind’s darkness a
sloth of the underworld, reluctant, shy of brightness, shifting her dragon
scaly folds. Thought is the thought of thought. Tranquil brightness. The soul
is in a manner all that is: the soul is the form of forms. Tranquility sudden,
vast, candescent: form of forms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Talbot repeated:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Through the dear might of Him that walked the waves,<br/>Through the dear might...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Turn over, Stephen said quietly. I don’t see anything.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What, sir? Talbot asked simply, bending forward.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His hand turned the page over. He leaned back and went on again, having just
remembered. Of him that walked the waves. Here also over these craven hearts
his shadow lies and on the scoffer’s heart and lips and on mine. It lies upon
their eager faces who offered him a coin of the tribute. To Caesar what is
Caesar’s, to God what is God’s. A long look from dark eyes, a riddling sentence
to be woven and woven on the church’s looms. Ay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Riddle me, riddle me, randy ro.<br/>My father gave me seeds to sow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Talbot slid his closed book into his satchel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Have I heard all? Stephen asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir. Hockey at ten, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Half day, sir. Thursday.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who can answer a riddle? Stephen asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They bundled their books away, pencils clacking, pages rustling. Crowding
together they strapped and buckled their satchels, all gabbling gaily:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A riddle, sir? Ask me, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, ask me, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A hard one, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—This is the riddle, Stephen said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The cock crew,<br/>The sky was blue:<br/>The bells in heaven<br/>Were striking eleven.<br/>’Tis time for this poor soul<br/>To go to heaven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What is that?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What, sir?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Again, sir. We didn’t hear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Their eyes grew bigger as the lines were repeated. After a silence Cochrane
said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is it, sir? We give it up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen, his throat itching, answered:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The fox burying his grandmother under a hollybush.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stood up and gave a shout of nervous laughter to which their cries echoed
dismay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A stick struck the door and a voice in the corridor called:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hockey!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They broke asunder, sidling out of their benches, leaping them. Quickly they
were gone and from the lumberroom came the rattle of sticks and clamour of
their boots and tongues.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sargent who alone had lingered came forward slowly, showing an open copybook.
His tangled hair and scraggy neck gave witness of unreadiness and through his
misty glasses weak eyes looked up pleading. On his cheek, dull and bloodless, a
soft stain of ink lay, dateshaped, recent and damp as a snail’s bed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He held out his copybook. The word <em>Sums</em> was written on the headline.
Beneath were sloping figures and at the foot a crooked signature with blind
loops and a blot. Cyril Sargent: his name and seal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mr Deasy told me to write them out all again, he said, and show them to
you, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen touched the edges of the book. Futility.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you understand how to do them now? he asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Numbers eleven to fifteen, Sargent answered. Mr Deasy said I was to copy
them off the board, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Can you do them yourself? Stephen asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ugly and futile: lean neck and tangled hair and a stain of ink, a snail’s bed.
Yet someone had loved him, borne him in her arms and in her heart. But for her
the race of the world would have trampled him underfoot, a squashed boneless
snail. She had loved his weak watery blood drained from her own. Was that then
real? The only true thing in life? His mother’s prostrate body the fiery
Columbanus in holy zeal bestrode. She was no more: the trembling skeleton of a
twig burnt in the fire, an odour of rosewood and wetted ashes. She had saved
him from being trampled underfoot and had gone, scarcely having been. A poor
soul gone to heaven: and on a heath beneath winking stars a fox, red reek of
rapine in his fur, with merciless bright eyes scraped in the earth, listened,
scraped up the earth, listened, scraped and scraped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sitting at his side Stephen solved out the problem. He proves by algebra that
Shakespeare’s ghost is Hamlet’s grandfather. Sargent peered askance through his
slanted glasses. Hockeysticks rattled in the lumberroom: the hollow knock of a
ball and calls from the field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Across the page the symbols moved in grave morrice, in the mummery of their
letters, wearing quaint caps of squares and cubes. Give hands, traverse, bow to
partner: so: imps of fancy of the Moors. Gone too from the world, Averroes and
Moses Maimonides, dark men in mien and movement, flashing in their mocking
mirrors the obscure soul of the world, a darkness shining in brightness which
brightness could not comprehend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you understand now? Can you work the second for yourself?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In long shaky strokes Sargent copied the data. Waiting always for a word of
help his hand moved faithfully the unsteady symbols, a faint hue of shame
flickering behind his dull skin. <em>Amor matris:</em> subjective and objective
genitive. With her weak blood and wheysour milk she had fed him and hid from
sight of others his swaddling bands.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Like him was I, these sloping shoulders, this gracelessness. My childhood bends
beside me. Too far for me to lay a hand there once or lightly. Mine is far and
his secret as our eyes. Secrets, silent, stony sit in the dark palaces of both
our hearts: secrets weary of their tyranny: tyrants, willing to be dethroned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The sum was done.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It is very simple, Stephen said as he stood up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir. Thanks, Sargent answered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He dried the page with a sheet of thin blottingpaper and carried his copybook
back to his bench.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You had better get your stick and go out to the others, Stephen said as
he followed towards the door the boy’s graceless form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the corridor his name was heard, called from the playfield.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sargent!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Run on, Stephen said. Mr Deasy is calling you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stood in the porch and watched the laggard hurry towards the scrappy field
where sharp voices were in strife. They were sorted in teams and Mr Deasy came
away stepping over wisps of grass with gaitered feet. When he had reached the
schoolhouse voices again contending called to him. He turned his angry white
moustache.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is it now? he cried continually without listening.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Cochrane and Halliday are on the same side, sir, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Will you wait in my study for a moment, Mr Deasy said, till I restore
order here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And as he stepped fussily back across the field his old man’s voice cried
sternly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is the matter? What is it now?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Their sharp voices cried about him on all sides: their many forms closed round
him, the garish sunshine bleaching the honey of his illdyed head.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stale smoky air hung in the study with the smell of drab abraded leather of its
chairs. As on the first day he bargained with me here. As it was in the
beginning, is now. On the sideboard the tray of Stuart coins, base treasure of
a bog: and ever shall be. And snug in their spooncase of purple plush, faded,
the twelve apostles having preached to all the gentiles: world without end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A hasty step over the stone porch and in the corridor. Blowing out his rare
moustache Mr Deasy halted at the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—First, our little financial settlement, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He brought out of his coat a pocketbook bound by a leather thong. It slapped
open and he took from it two notes, one of joined halves, and laid them
carefully on the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Two, he said, strapping and stowing his pocketbook away.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And now his strongroom for the gold. Stephen’s embarrassed hand moved over the
shells heaped in the cold stone mortar: whelks and money cowries and leopard
shells: and this, whorled as an emir’s turban, and this, the scallop of saint
James. An old pilgrim’s hoard, dead treasure, hollow shells.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A sovereign fell, bright and new, on the soft pile of the tablecloth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Three, Mr Deasy said, turning his little savingsbox about in his hand.
These are handy things to have. See. This is for sovereigns. This is for
shillings. Sixpences, halfcrowns. And here crowns. See.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He shot from it two crowns and two shillings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Three twelve, he said. I think you’ll find that’s right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thank you, sir, Stephen said, gathering the money together with shy
haste and putting it all in a pocket of his trousers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No thanks at all, Mr Deasy said. You have earned it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen’s hand, free again, went back to the hollow shells. Symbols too of
beauty and of power. A lump in my pocket: symbols soiled by greed and misery.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Don’t carry it like that, Mr Deasy said. You’ll pull it out somewhere
and lose it. You just buy one of these machines. You’ll find them very handy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Answer something.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mine would be often empty, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The same room and hour, the same wisdom: and I the same. Three times now. Three
nooses round me here. Well? I can break them in this instant if I will.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Because you don’t save, Mr Deasy said, pointing his finger. You don’t
know yet what money is. Money is power. When you have lived as long as I have.
I know, I know. If youth but knew. But what does Shakespeare say? <em>Put but
money in thy purse.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Iago, Stephen murmured.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He lifted his gaze from the idle shells to the old man’s stare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He knew what money was, Mr Deasy said. He made money. A poet, yes, but
an Englishman too. Do you know what is the pride of the English? Do you know
what is the proudest word you will ever hear from an Englishman’s mouth?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The seas’ ruler. His seacold eyes looked on the empty bay: it seems history is
to blame: on me and on my words, unhating.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That on his empire, Stephen said, the sun never sets.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ba! Mr Deasy cried. That’s not English. A French Celt said that. He
tapped his savingsbox against his thumbnail.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I will tell you, he said solemnly, what is his proudest boast. <em>I paid
my way.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Good man, good man.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—I paid my way. I never borrowed a shilling in my life.</em> Can you
feel that? <em>I owe nothing.</em> Can you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mulligan, nine pounds, three pairs of socks, one pair brogues, ties. Curran,
ten guineas. McCann, one guinea. Fred Ryan, two shillings. Temple, two lunches.
Russell, one guinea, Cousins, ten shillings, Bob Reynolds, half a guinea,
Koehler, three guineas, Mrs MacKernan, five weeks’ board. The lump I have is
useless.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—For the moment, no, Stephen answered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Deasy laughed with rich delight, putting back his savingsbox.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I knew you couldn’t, he said joyously. But one day you must feel it. We
are a generous people but we must also be just.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I fear those big words, Stephen said, which make us so unhappy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Deasy stared sternly for some moments over the mantelpiece at the shapely
bulk of a man in tartan fillibegs: Albert Edward, prince of Wales.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You think me an old fogey and an old tory, his thoughtful voice said. I
saw three generations since O’Connell’s time. I remember the famine in ’46. Do
you know that the orange lodges agitated for repeal of the union twenty years
before O’Connell did or before the prelates of your communion denounced him as
a demagogue? You fenians forget some things.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Glorious, pious and immortal memory. The lodge of Diamond in Armagh the
splendid behung with corpses of papishes. Hoarse, masked and armed, the
planters’ covenant. The black north and true blue bible. Croppies lie down.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen sketched a brief gesture.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I have rebel blood in me too, Mr Deasy said. On the spindle side. But I
am descended from sir John Blackwood who voted for the union. We are all Irish,
all kings’ sons.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Alas, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Per vias rectas</em>, Mr Deasy said firmly, was his motto. He voted
for it and put on his topboots to ride to Dublin from the Ards of Down to do
so.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lal the ral the ra<br/>The rocky road to Dublin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A gruff squire on horseback with shiny topboots. Soft day, sir John! Soft day,
your honour!... Day!... Day!... Two topboots jog dangling on to Dublin. Lal the
ral the ra. Lal the ral the raddy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That reminds me, Mr Deasy said. You can do me a favour, Mr Dedalus, with
some of your literary friends. I have a letter here for the press. Sit down a
moment. I have just to copy the end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went to the desk near the window, pulled in his chair twice and read off
some words from the sheet on the drum of his typewriter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sit down. Excuse me, he said over his shoulder, <em>the dictates of
common sense.</em> Just a moment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He peered from under his shaggy brows at the manuscript by his elbow and,
muttering, began to prod the stiff buttons of the keyboard slowly, sometimes
blowing as he screwed up the drum to erase an error.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen seated himself noiselessly before the princely presence. Framed around
the walls images of vanished horses stood in homage, their meek heads poised in
air: lord Hastings’ <em>Repulse</em>, the duke of Westminster’s <em>Shotover</em>,
the duke of Beaufort’s <em>Ceylon</em>, <em>prix de Paris</em>, 1866. Elfin riders
sat them, watchful of a sign. He saw their speeds, backing king’s colours, and
shouted with the shouts of vanished crowds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Full stop, Mr Deasy bade his keys. <em>But prompt ventilation of this
allimportant question...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Where Cranly led me to get rich quick, hunting his winners among the
mudsplashed brakes, amid the bawls of bookies on their pitches and reek of the
canteen, over the motley slush. Even money <em>Fair Rebel.</em> Ten to one the
field. Dicers and thimbleriggers we hurried by after the hoofs, the vying caps
and jackets and past the meatfaced woman, a butcher’s dame, nuzzling thirstily
her clove of orange.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Shouts rang shrill from the boys’ playfield and a whirring whistle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Again: a goal. I am among them, among their battling bodies in a medley, the
joust of life. You mean that knockkneed mother’s darling who seems to be
slightly crawsick? Jousts. Time shocked rebounds, shock by shock. Jousts, slush
and uproar of battles, the frozen deathspew of the slain, a shout of
spearspikes baited with men’s bloodied guts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Now then, Mr Deasy said, rising.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He came to the table, pinning together his sheets. Stephen stood up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I have put the matter into a nutshell, Mr Deasy said. It’s about the
foot and mouth disease. Just look through it. There can be no two opinions on
the matter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>May I trespass on your valuable space. That doctrine of <em>laissez faire</em>
which so often in our history. Our cattle trade. The way of all our old
industries. Liverpool ring which jockeyed the Galway harbour scheme. European
conflagration. Grain supplies through the narrow waters of the channel. The
pluterperfect imperturbability of the department of agriculture. Pardoned a
classical allusion. Cassandra. By a woman who was no better than she should be.
To come to the point at issue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I don’t mince words, do I? Mr Deasy asked as Stephen read on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foot and mouth disease. Known as Koch’s preparation. Serum and virus.
Percentage of salted horses. Rinderpest. Emperor’s horses at Mürzsteg, lower
Austria. Veterinary surgeons. Mr Henry Blackwood Price. Courteous offer a fair
trial. Dictates of common sense. Allimportant question. In every sense of the
word take the bull by the horns. Thanking you for the hospitality of your
columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I want that to be printed and read, Mr Deasy said. You will see at the
next outbreak they will put an embargo on Irish cattle. And it can be cured. It
is cured. My cousin, Blackwood Price, writes to me it is regularly treated and
cured in Austria by cattledoctors there. They offer to come over here. I am
trying to work up influence with the department. Now I’m going to try
publicity. I am surrounded by difficulties, by... intrigues by... backstairs
influence by...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He raised his forefinger and beat the air oldly before his voice spoke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mark my words, Mr Dedalus, he said. England is in the hands of the jews.
In all the highest places: her finance, her press. And they are the signs of a
nation’s decay. Wherever they gather they eat up the nation’s vital strength. I
have seen it coming these years. As sure as we are standing here the jew
merchants are already at their work of destruction. Old England is dying.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stepped swiftly off, his eyes coming to blue life as they passed a broad
sunbeam. He faced about and back again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dying, he said again, if not dead by now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The harlot’s cry from street to street<br/>Shall weave old England’s windingsheet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His eyes open wide in vision stared sternly across the sunbeam in which he
halted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A merchant, Stephen said, is one who buys cheap and sells dear, jew or
gentile, is he not?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They sinned against the light, Mr Deasy said gravely. And you can see
the darkness in their eyes. And that is why they are wanderers on the earth to
this day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On the steps of the Paris stock exchange the goldskinned men quoting prices on
their gemmed fingers. Gabble of geese. They swarmed loud, uncouth about the
temple, their heads thickplotting under maladroit silk hats. Not theirs: these
clothes, this speech, these gestures. Their full slow eyes belied the words,
the gestures eager and unoffending, but knew the rancours massed about them and
knew their zeal was vain. Vain patience to heap and hoard. Time surely would
scatter all. A hoard heaped by the roadside: plundered and passing on. Their
eyes knew their years of wandering and, patient, knew the dishonours of their
flesh.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who has not? Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What do you mean? Mr Deasy asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He came forward a pace and stood by the table. His underjaw fell sideways open
uncertainly. Is this old wisdom? He waits to hear from me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—History, Stephen said, is a nightmare from which I am trying to awake.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From the playfield the boys raised a shout. A whirring whistle: goal. What if
that nightmare gave you a back kick?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The ways of the Creator are not our ways, Mr Deasy said. All human
history moves towards one great goal, the manifestation of God.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen jerked his thumb towards the window, saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That is God.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hooray! Ay! Whrrwhee!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What? Mr Deasy asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A shout in the street, Stephen answered, shrugging his shoulders.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Deasy looked down and held for awhile the wings of his nose tweaked between
his fingers. Looking up again he set them free.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I am happier than you are, he said. We have committed many errors and
many sins. A woman brought sin into the world. For a woman who was no better
than she should be, Helen, the runaway wife of Menelaus, ten years the Greeks
made war on Troy. A faithless wife first brought the strangers to our shore
here, MacMurrough’s wife and her leman, O’Rourke, prince of Breffni. A woman
too brought Parnell low. Many errors, many failures but not the one sin. I am a
struggler now at the end of my days. But I will fight for the right till the
end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For Ulster will fight<br/>And Ulster will be right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen raised the sheets in his hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, sir, he began.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I foresee, Mr Deasy said, that you will not remain here very long at
this work. You were not born to be a teacher, I think. Perhaps I am wrong.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A learner rather, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And here what will you learn more?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Deasy shook his head.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who knows? he said. To learn one must be humble. But life is the great
teacher.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen rustled the sheets again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—As regards these, he began.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mr Deasy said. You have two copies there. If you can have them
published at once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Telegraph. Irish Homestead.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I will try, Stephen said, and let you know tomorrow. I know two editors
slightly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That will do, Mr Deasy said briskly. I wrote last night to Mr Field,
M.P. There is a meeting of the cattletraders’ association today at the City
Arms hotel. I asked him to lay my letter before the meeting. You see if you can
get it into your two papers. What are they?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—The Evening Telegraph...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That will do, Mr Deasy said. There is no time to lose. Now I have to
answer that letter from my cousin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good morning, sir, Stephen said, putting the sheets in his pocket. Thank
you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Not at all, Mr Deasy said as he searched the papers on his desk. I like
to break a lance with you, old as I am.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good morning, sir, Stephen said again, bowing to his bent back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went out by the open porch and down the gravel path under the trees, hearing
the cries of voices and crack of sticks from the playfield. The lions couchant
on the pillars as he passed out through the gate: toothless terrors. Still I
will help him in his fight. Mulligan will dub me a new name: the
bullockbefriending bard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mr Dedalus!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Running after me. No more letters, I hope.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Just one moment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir, Stephen said, turning back at the gate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Deasy halted, breathing hard and swallowing his breath.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I just wanted to say, he said. Ireland, they say, has the honour of
being the only country which never persecuted the jews. Do you know that? No.
And do you know why?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He frowned sternly on the bright air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why, sir? Stephen asked, beginning to smile.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Because she never let them in, Mr Deasy said solemnly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A coughball of laughter leaped from his throat dragging after it a rattling
chain of phlegm. He turned back quickly, coughing, laughing, his lifted arms
waving to the air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—She never let them in, he cried again through his laughter as he stamped
on gaitered feet over the gravel of the path. That’s why.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On his wise shoulders through the checkerwork of leaves the sun flung spangles,
dancing coins.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-3.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-3.htm.html_pgepubid00005" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-3.htm.html_chap03"></span>[ 3 ]</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ineluctable modality of the visible: at least that if no more, thought through
my eyes. Signatures of all things I am here to read, seaspawn and seawrack, the
nearing tide, that rusty boot. Snotgreen, bluesilver, rust: coloured signs.
Limits of the diaphane. But he adds: in bodies. Then he was aware of them
bodies before of them coloured. How? By knocking his sconce against them, sure.
Go easy. Bald he was and a millionaire, <em>maestro di color che sanno</em>.
Limit of the diaphane in. Why in? Diaphane, adiaphane. If you can put your five
fingers through it it is a gate, if not a door. Shut your eyes and see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen closed his eyes to hear his boots crush crackling wrack and shells. You
are walking through it howsomever. I am, a stride at a time. A very short space
of time through very short times of space. Five, six: the <em>nacheinander</em>.
Exactly: and that is the ineluctable modality of the audible. Open your eyes.
No. Jesus! If I fell over a cliff that beetles o’er his base, fell through the
<em>nebeneinander</em> ineluctably! I am getting on nicely in the dark. My ash
sword hangs at my side. Tap with it: they do. My two feet in his boots are at
the ends of his legs, <em>nebeneinander</em>. Sounds solid: made by the mallet of
<em>Los Demiurgos</em>. Am I walking into eternity along Sandymount strand?
Crush, crack, crick, crick. Wild sea money. Dominie Deasy kens them a’.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Won’t you come to Sandymount,<br/>Madeline the mare?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rhythm begins, you see. I hear. A catalectic tetrameter of iambs marching. No,
agallop: <em>deline the mare</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Open your eyes now. I will. One moment. Has all vanished since? If I open and
am for ever in the black adiaphane. <em>Basta!</em> I will see if I can see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See now. There all the time without you: and ever shall be, world without end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They came down the steps from Leahy’s terrace prudently, <em>Frauenzimmer</em>:
and down the shelving shore flabbily, their splayed feet sinking in the silted
sand. Like me, like Algy, coming down to our mighty mother. Number one swung
lourdily her midwife’s bag, the other’s gamp poked in the beach. From the
liberties, out for the day. Mrs Florence MacCabe, relict of the late Patk
MacCabe, deeply lamented, of Bride Street. One of her sisterhood lugged me
squealing into life. Creation from nothing. What has she in the bag? A misbirth
with a trailing navelcord, hushed in ruddy wool. The cords of all link back,
strandentwining cable of all flesh. That is why mystic monks. Will you be as
gods? Gaze in your <em>omphalos</em>. Hello. Kinch here. Put me on to Edenville.
Aleph, alpha: nought, nought, one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Spouse and helpmate of Adam Kadmon: Heva, naked Eve. She had no navel. Gaze.
Belly without blemish, bulging big, a buckler of taut vellum, no, whiteheaped
corn, orient and immortal, standing from everlasting to everlasting. Womb of
sin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wombed in sin darkness I was too, made not begotten. By them, the man with my
voice and my eyes and a ghostwoman with ashes on her breath. They clasped and
sundered, did the coupler’s will. From before the ages He willed me and now may
not will me away or ever. A <em>lex eterna</em> stays about Him. Is that then the
divine substance wherein Father and Son are consubstantial? Where is poor dear
Arius to try conclusions? Warring his life long upon the
contransmagnificandjewbangtantiality. Illstarred heresiarch! In a Greek
watercloset he breathed his last: <em>euthanasia</em>. With beaded mitre and with
crozier, stalled upon his throne, widower of a widowed see, with upstiffed
<em>omophorion</em>, with clotted hinderparts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Airs romped round him, nipping and eager airs. They are coming, waves. The
whitemaned seahorses, champing, brightwindbridled, the steeds of Mananaan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I mustn’t forget his letter for the press. And after? The Ship, half twelve. By
the way go easy with that money like a good young imbecile. Yes, I must.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His pace slackened. Here. Am I going to aunt Sara’s or not? My consubstantial
father’s voice. Did you see anything of your artist brother Stephen lately? No?
Sure he’s not down in Strasburg terrace with his aunt Sally? Couldn’t he fly a
bit higher than that, eh? And and and and tell us, Stephen, how is uncle Si? O,
weeping God, the things I married into! De boys up in de hayloft. The drunken
little costdrawer and his brother, the cornet player. Highly respectable
gondoliers! And skeweyed Walter sirring his father, no less! Sir. Yes, sir. No,
sir. Jesus wept: and no wonder, by Christ!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I pull the wheezy bell of their shuttered cottage: and wait. They take me for a
dun, peer out from a coign of vantage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s Stephen, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Let him in. Let Stephen in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A bolt drawn back and Walter welcomes me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We thought you were someone else.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In his broad bed nuncle Richie, pillowed and blanketed, extends over the
hillock of his knees a sturdy forearm. Cleanchested. He has washed the upper
moiety.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Morrow, nephew.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He lays aside the lapboard whereon he drafts his bills of costs for the eyes of
master Goff and master Shapland Tandy, filing consents and common searches and
a writ of <em>Duces Tecum</em>. A bogoak frame over his bald head: Wilde’s
<em>Requiescat</em>. The drone of his misleading whistle brings Walter back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Malt for Richie and Stephen, tell mother. Where is she?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bathing Crissie, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Papa’s little bedpal. Lump of love.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, uncle Richie...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Call me Richie. Damn your lithia water. It lowers. Whusky!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Uncle Richie, really...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sit down or by the law Harry I’ll knock you down.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Walter squints vainly for a chair.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He has nothing to sit down on, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He has nowhere to put it, you mug. Bring in our chippendale chair. Would
you like a bite of something? None of your damned lawdeedaw airs here. The rich
of a rasher fried with a herring? Sure? So much the better. We have nothing in
the house but backache pills.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>All’erta!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He drones bars of Ferrando’s <em>aria di sortita</em>. The grandest number,
Stephen, in the whole opera. Listen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His tuneful whistle sounds again, finely shaded, with rushes of the air, his
fists bigdrumming on his padded knees.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This wind is sweeter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Houses of decay, mine, his and all. You told the Clongowes gentry you had an
uncle a judge and an uncle a general in the army. Come out of them, Stephen.
Beauty is not there. Nor in the stagnant bay of Marsh’s library where you read
the fading prophecies of Joachim Abbas. For whom? The hundredheaded rabble of
the cathedral close. A hater of his kind ran from them to the wood of madness,
his mane foaming in the moon, his eyeballs stars. Houyhnhnm, horsenostrilled.
The oval equine faces, Temple, Buck Mulligan, Foxy Campbell, Lanternjaws. Abbas
father, furious dean, what offence laid fire to their brains? Paff!
<em>Descende, calve, ut ne nimium decalveris</em>. A garland of grey hair on his
comminated head see him me clambering down to the footpace (<em>descende!</em>),
clutching a monstrance, basiliskeyed. Get down, baldpoll! A choir gives back
menace and echo, assisting about the altar’s horns, the snorted Latin of
jackpriests moving burly in their albs, tonsured and oiled and gelded, fat with
the fat of kidneys of wheat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And at the same instant perhaps a priest round the corner is elevating it.
Dringdring! And two streets off another locking it into a pyx. Dringadring! And
in a ladychapel another taking housel all to his own cheek. Dringdring! Down,
up, forward, back. Dan Occam thought of that, invincible doctor. A misty
English morning the imp hypostasis tickled his brain. Bringing his host down
and kneeling he heard twine with his second bell the first bell in the transept
(he is lifting his) and, rising, heard (now I am lifting) their two bells (he
is kneeling) twang in diphthong.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cousin Stephen, you will never be a saint. Isle of saints. You were awfully
holy, weren’t you? You prayed to the Blessed Virgin that you might not have a
red nose. You prayed to the devil in Serpentine avenue that the fubsy widow in
front might lift her clothes still more from the wet street. <em>O si,
certo!</em> Sell your soul for that, do, dyed rags pinned round a squaw. More
tell me, more still! On the top of the Howth tram alone crying to the rain:
<em>Naked women! Naked women!</em> What about that, eh?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What about what? What else were they invented for?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reading two pages apiece of seven books every night, eh? I was young. You bowed
to yourself in the mirror, stepping forward to applause earnestly, striking
face. Hurray for the Goddamned idiot! Hray! No-one saw: tell no-one. Books you
were going to write with letters for titles. Have you read his F? O yes, but I
prefer Q. Yes, but W is wonderful. O yes, W. Remember your epiphanies written
on green oval leaves, deeply deep, copies to be sent if you died to all the
great libraries of the world, including Alexandria? Someone was to read them
there after a few thousand years, a mahamanvantara. Pico della Mirandola like.
Ay, very like a whale. When one reads these strange pages of one long gone one
feels that one is at one with one who once...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The grainy sand had gone from under his feet. His boots trod again a damp
crackling mast, razorshells, squeaking pebbles, that on the unnumbered pebbles
beats, wood sieved by the shipworm, lost Armada. Unwholesome sandflats waited
to suck his treading soles, breathing upward sewage breath, a pocket of seaweed
smouldered in seafire under a midden of man’s ashes. He coasted them, walking
warily. A porterbottle stood up, stogged to its waist, in the cakey sand dough.
A sentinel: isle of dreadful thirst. Broken hoops on the shore; at the land a
maze of dark cunning nets; farther away chalkscrawled backdoors and on the
higher beach a dryingline with two crucified shirts. Ringsend: wigwams of brown
steersmen and master mariners. Human shells.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He halted. I have passed the way to aunt Sara’s. Am I not going there? Seems
not. No-one about. He turned northeast and crossed the firmer sand towards the
Pigeonhouse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Qui vous a mis dans cette fichue position?</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—C’est le pigeon, Joseph.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Patrice, home on furlough, lapped warm milk with me in the bar MacMahon. Son of
the wild goose, Kevin Egan of Paris. My father’s a bird, he lapped the sweet
<em>lait chaud</em> with pink young tongue, plump bunny’s face. Lap,
<em>lapin.</em> He hopes to win in the <em>gros lots</em>. About the nature of
women he read in Michelet. But he must send me <em>La Vie de Jésus</em> by M. Léo
Taxil. Lent it to his friend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—C’est tordant, vous savez. Moi, je suis socialiste. Je ne crois pas
en l’existence de Dieu. Faut pas le dire à mon père.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Il croit?</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Mon père, oui.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Schluss</em>. He laps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>My Latin quarter hat. God, we simply must dress the character. I want puce
gloves. You were a student, weren’t you? Of what in the other devil’s name?
Paysayenn. P. C. N., you know: <em>physiques, chimiques et naturelles</em>. Aha.
Eating your groatsworth of <em>mou en civet</em>, fleshpots of Egypt, elbowed by
belching cabmen. Just say in the most natural tone: when I was in Paris;
<em>boul’ Mich’</em>, I used to. Yes, used to carry punched tickets to prove an
alibi if they arrested you for murder somewhere. Justice. On the night of the
seventeenth of February 1904 the prisoner was seen by two witnesses. Other
fellow did it: other me. Hat, tie, overcoat, nose. <em>Lui, c’est moi</em>. You
seem to have enjoyed yourself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Proudly walking. Whom were you trying to walk like? Forget: a dispossessed.
With mother’s money order, eight shillings, the banging door of the post office
slammed in your face by the usher. Hunger toothache. <em>Encore deux
minutes</em>. Look clock. Must get. <em>Fermé</em>. Hired dog! Shoot him to bloody
bits with a bang shotgun, bits man spattered walls all brass buttons. Bits all
khrrrrklak in place clack back. Not hurt? O, that’s all right. Shake hands. See
what I meant, see? O, that’s all right. Shake a shake. O, that’s all only all
right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You were going to do wonders, what? Missionary to Europe after fiery
Columbanus. Fiacre and Scotus on their creepystools in heaven spilt from their
pintpots, loudlatinlaughing: <em>Euge! Euge!</em> Pretending to speak broken
English as you dragged your valise, porter threepence, across the slimy pier at
Newhaven. <em>Comment?</em> Rich booty you brought back; <em>Le Tutu</em>, five
tattered numbers of <em>Pantalon Blanc et Culotte Rouge</em>; a blue French
telegram, curiosity to show:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mother dying come home father.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The aunt thinks you killed your mother. That’s why she won’t.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then here’s a health to Mulligan’s aunt<br/>And I’ll tell you the reason why.<br/>She always kept things decent in<br/>The Hannigan famileye.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His feet marched in sudden proud rhythm over the sand furrows, along by the
boulders of the south wall. He stared at them proudly, piled stone mammoth
skulls. Gold light on sea, on sand, on boulders. The sun is there, the slender
trees, the lemon houses.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Paris rawly waking, crude sunlight on her lemon streets. Moist pith of farls of
bread, the froggreen wormwood, her matin incense, court the air. Belluomo rises
from the bed of his wife’s lover’s wife, the kerchiefed housewife is astir, a
saucer of acetic acid in her hand. In Rodot’s Yvonne and Madeleine newmake
their tumbled beauties, shattering with gold teeth <em>chaussons</em> of pastry,
their mouths yellowed with the <em>pus</em> of <em>flan bréton</em>. Faces of Paris
men go by, their wellpleased pleasers, curled conquistadores.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Noon slumbers. Kevin Egan rolls gunpowder cigarettes through fingers smeared
with printer’s ink, sipping his green fairy as Patrice his white. About us
gobblers fork spiced beans down their gullets. <em>Un demi sétier!</em> A jet of
coffee steam from the burnished caldron. She serves me at his beck. <em>Il est
irlandais. Hollandais? Non fromage. Deux irlandais, nous, Irlande, vous savez
ah, oui!</em> She thought you wanted a cheese <em>hollandais</em>. Your
postprandial, do you know that word? Postprandial. There was a fellow I knew
once in Barcelona, queer fellow, used to call it his postprandial. Well:
<em>slainte!</em> Around the slabbed tables the tangle of wined breaths and
grumbling gorges. His breath hangs over our saucestained plates, the green
fairy’s fang thrusting between his lips. Of Ireland, the Dalcassians, of hopes,
conspiracies, of Arthur Griffith now, A E, pimander, good shepherd of men. To
yoke me as his yokefellow, our crimes our common cause. You’re your father’s
son. I know the voice. His fustian shirt, sanguineflowered, trembles its
Spanish tassels at his secrets. M. Drumont, famous journalist, Drumont, know
what he called queen Victoria? Old hag with the yellow teeth. <em>Vieille
ogresse</em> with the <em>dents jaunes</em>. Maud Gonne, beautiful woman, <em>La
Patrie</em>, M. Millevoye, Félix Faure, know how he died? Licentious men. The
froeken, <em>bonne à tout faire</em>, who rubs male nakedness in the bath at
Upsala. <em>Moi faire</em>, she said, <em>Tous les messieurs</em>. Not this
<em>Monsieur</em>, I said. Most licentious custom. Bath a most private thing. I
wouldn’t let my brother, not even my own brother, most lascivious thing. Green
eyes, I see you. Fang, I feel. Lascivious people.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The blue fuse burns deadly between hands and burns clear. Loose tobaccoshreds
catch fire: a flame and acrid smoke light our corner. Raw facebones under his
peep of day boy’s hat. How the head centre got away, authentic version. Got up
as a young bride, man, veil, orangeblossoms, drove out the road to Malahide.
Did, faith. Of lost leaders, the betrayed, wild escapes. Disguises, clutched
at, gone, not here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Spurned lover. I was a strapping young gossoon at that time, I tell you. I’ll
show you my likeness one day. I was, faith. Lover, for her love he prowled with
colonel Richard Burke, tanist of his sept, under the walls of Clerkenwell and,
crouching, saw a flame of vengeance hurl them upward in the fog. Shattered
glass and toppling masonry. In gay Paree he hides, Egan of Paris, unsought by
any save by me. Making his day’s stations, the dingy printingcase, his three
taverns, the Montmartre lair he sleeps short night in, rue de la Goutte-d’Or,
damascened with flyblown faces of the gone. Loveless, landless, wifeless. She
is quite nicey comfy without her outcast man, madame in rue Gît-le-Cœur, canary
and two buck lodgers. Peachy cheeks, a zebra skirt, frisky as a young thing’s.
Spurned and undespairing. Tell Pat you saw me, won’t you? I wanted to get poor
Pat a job one time. <em>Mon fils</em>, soldier of France. I taught him to sing
<em>The boys of Kilkenny are stout roaring blades</em>. Know that old lay? I
taught Patrice that. Old Kilkenny: saint Canice, Strongbow’s castle on the
Nore. Goes like this. <em>O, O</em>. He takes me, Napper Tandy, by the hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, O the boys of<br/>Kilkenny...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Weak wasting hand on mine. They have forgotten Kevin Egan, not he them.
Remembering thee, O Sion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He had come nearer the edge of the sea and wet sand slapped his boots. The new
air greeted him, harping in wild nerves, wind of wild air of seeds of
brightness. Here, I am not walking out to the Kish lightship, am I? He stood
suddenly, his feet beginning to sink slowly in the quaking soil. Turn back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Turning, he scanned the shore south, his feet sinking again slowly in new
sockets. The cold domed room of the tower waits. Through the barbacans the
shafts of light are moving ever, slowly ever as my feet are sinking, creeping
duskward over the dial floor. Blue dusk, nightfall, deep blue night. In the
darkness of the dome they wait, their pushedback chairs, my obelisk valise,
around a board of abandoned platters. Who to clear it? He has the key. I will
not sleep there when this night comes. A shut door of a silent tower, entombing
their blind bodies, the panthersahib and his pointer. Call: no answer. He
lifted his feet up from the suck and turned back by the mole of boulders. Take
all, keep all. My soul walks with me, form of forms. So in the moon’s
midwatches I pace the path above the rocks, in sable silvered, hearing
Elsinore’s tempting flood.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The flood is following me. I can watch it flow past from here. Get back then by
the Poolbeg road to the strand there. He climbed over the sedge and eely
oarweeds and sat on a stool of rock, resting his ashplant in a grike.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A bloated carcass of a dog lay lolled on bladderwrack. Before him the gunwale
of a boat, sunk in sand. <em>Un coche ensablé</em> Louis Veuillot called
Gautier’s prose. These heavy sands are language tide and wind have silted here.
And these, the stoneheaps of dead builders, a warren of weasel rats. Hide gold
there. Try it. You have some. Sands and stones. Heavy of the past. Sir Lout’s
toys. Mind you don’t get one bang on the ear. I’m the bloody well gigant rolls
all them bloody well boulders, bones for my steppingstones. Feefawfum. I zmellz
de bloodz odz an Iridzman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A point, live dog, grew into sight running across the sweep of sand. Lord, is
he going to attack me? Respect his liberty. You will not be master of others or
their slave. I have my stick. Sit tight. From farther away, walking shoreward
across from the crested tide, figures, two. The two maries. They have tucked it
safe mong the bulrushes. Peekaboo. I see you. No, the dog. He is running back
to them. Who?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Galleys of the Lochlanns ran here to beach, in quest of prey, their bloodbeaked
prows riding low on a molten pewter surf. Dane vikings, torcs of tomahawks
aglitter on their breasts when Malachi wore the collar of gold. A school of
turlehide whales stranded in hot noon, spouting, hobbling in the shallows. Then
from the starving cagework city a horde of jerkined dwarfs, my people, with
flayers’ knives, running, scaling, hacking in green blubbery whalemeat. Famine,
plague and slaughters. Their blood is in me, their lusts my waves. I moved
among them on the frozen Liffey, that I, a changeling, among the spluttering
resin fires. I spoke to no-one: none to me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dog’s bark ran towards him, stopped, ran back. Dog of my enemy. I just
simply stood pale, silent, bayed about. <em>Terribilia meditans</em>. A primrose
doublet, fortune’s knave, smiled on my fear. For that are you pining, the bark
of their applause? Pretenders: live their lives. The Bruce’s brother, Thomas
Fitzgerald, silken knight, Perkin Warbeck, York’s false scion, in breeches of
silk of whiterose ivory, wonder of a day, and Lambert Simnel, with a tail of
nans and sutlers, a scullion crowned. All kings’ sons. Paradise of pretenders
then and now. He saved men from drowning and you shake at a cur’s yelping. But
the courtiers who mocked Guido in Or san Michele were in their own house. House
of... We don’t want any of your medieval abstrusiosities. Would you do what he
did? A boat would be near, a lifebuoy. <em>Natürlich</em>, put there for you.
Would you or would you not? The man that was drowned nine days ago off Maiden’s
rock. They are waiting for him now. The truth, spit it out. I would want to. I
would try. I am not a strong swimmer. Water cold soft. When I put my face into
it in the basin at Clongowes. Can’t see! Who’s behind me? Out quickly, quickly!
Do you see the tide flowing quickly in on all sides, sheeting the lows of sand
quickly, shellcocoacoloured? If I had land under my feet. I want his life still
to be his, mine to be mine. A drowning man. His human eyes scream to me out of
horror of his death. I... With him together down... I could not save her.
Waters: bitter death: lost.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A woman and a man. I see her skirties. Pinned up, I bet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Their dog ambled about a bank of dwindling sand, trotting, sniffing on all
sides. Looking for something lost in a past life. Suddenly he made off like a
bounding hare, ears flung back, chasing the shadow of a lowskimming gull. The
man’s shrieked whistle struck his limp ears. He turned, bounded back, came
nearer, trotted on twinkling shanks. On a field tenney a buck, trippant,
proper, unattired. At the lacefringe of the tide he halted with stiff
forehoofs, seawardpointed ears. His snout lifted barked at the wavenoise, herds
of seamorse. They serpented towards his feet, curling, unfurling many crests,
every ninth, breaking, plashing, from far, from farther out, waves and waves.</p>
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<p>Cocklepickers. They waded a little way in the water and, stooping, soused their
bags and, lifting them again, waded out. The dog yelped running to them, reared
up and pawed them, dropping on all fours, again reared up at them with mute
bearish fawning. Unheeded he kept by them as they came towards the drier sand,
a rag of wolf’s tongue redpanting from his jaws. His speckled body ambled ahead
of them and then loped off at a calf’s gallop. The carcass lay on his path. He
stopped, sniffed, stalked round it, brother, nosing closer, went round it,
sniffling rapidly like a dog all over the dead dog’s bedraggled fell. Dogskull,
dogsniff, eyes on the ground, moves to one great goal. Ah, poor dogsbody! Here
lies poor dogsbody’s body.</p>
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<p>—Tatters! Out of that, you mongrel!</p>
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<p>The cry brought him skulking back to his master and a blunt bootless kick sent
him unscathed across a spit of sand, crouched in flight. He slunk back in a
curve. Doesn’t see me. Along by the edge of the mole he lolloped, dawdled,
smelt a rock and from under a cocked hindleg pissed against it. He trotted
forward and, lifting again his hindleg, pissed quick short at an unsmelt rock.
The simple pleasures of the poor. His hindpaws then scattered the sand: then
his forepaws dabbled and delved. Something he buried there, his grandmother. He
rooted in the sand, dabbling, delving and stopped to listen to the air, scraped
up the sand again with a fury of his claws, soon ceasing, a pard, a panther,
got in spousebreach, vulturing the dead.</p>
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<p>After he woke me last night same dream or was it? Wait. Open hallway. Street of
harlots. Remember. Haroun al Raschid. I am almosting it. That man led me,
spoke. I was not afraid. The melon he had he held against my face. Smiled:
creamfruit smell. That was the rule, said. In. Come. Red carpet spread. You
will see who.</p>
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<p>Shouldering their bags they trudged, the red Egyptians. His blued feet out of
turnedup trousers slapped the clammy sand, a dull brick muffler strangling his
unshaven neck. With woman steps she followed: the ruffian and his strolling
mort. Spoils slung at her back. Loose sand and shellgrit crusted her bare feet.
About her windraw face hair trailed. Behind her lord, his helpmate, bing awast
to Romeville. When night hides her body’s flaws calling under her brown shawl
from an archway where dogs have mired. Her fancyman is treating two Royal
Dublins in O’Loughlin’s of Blackpitts. Buss her, wap in rogues’ rum lingo, for,
O, my dimber wapping dell! A shefiend’s whiteness under her rancid rags.
Fumbally’s lane that night: the tanyard smells.</p>
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<p>White thy fambles, red thy gan<br/>And thy quarrons dainty is.<br/>Couch a hogshead with me then.<br/>In the darkmans clip and kiss.</p>
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<p>Morose delectation Aquinas tunbelly calls this, <em>frate porcospino</em>.
Unfallen Adam rode and not rutted. Call away let him: <em>thy quarrons dainty
is</em>. Language no whit worse than his. Monkwords, marybeads jabber on their
girdles: roguewords, tough nuggets patter in their pockets.</p>
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<p>Passing now.</p>
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<p>A side eye at my Hamlet hat. If I were suddenly naked here as I sit? I am not.
Across the sands of all the world, followed by the sun’s flaming sword, to the
west, trekking to evening lands. She trudges, schlepps, trains, drags,
trascines her load. A tide westering, moondrawn, in her wake. Tides,
myriadislanded, within her, blood not mine, <em>oinopa ponton</em>, a winedark
sea. Behold the handmaid of the moon. In sleep the wet sign calls her hour,
bids her rise. Bridebed, childbed, bed of death, ghostcandled. <em>Omnis caro ad
te veniet</em>. He comes, pale vampire, through storm his eyes, his bat sails
bloodying the sea, mouth to her mouth’s kiss.</p>
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<p>Here. Put a pin in that chap, will you? My tablets. Mouth to her kiss. No. Must
be two of em. Glue em well. Mouth to her mouth’s kiss.</p>
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<p>His lips lipped and mouthed fleshless lips of air: mouth to her moomb. Oomb,
allwombing tomb. His mouth moulded issuing breath, unspeeched: ooeeehah: roar
of cataractic planets, globed, blazing, roaring wayawayawayawayaway. Paper. The
banknotes, blast them. Old Deasy’s letter. Here. Thanking you for the
hospitality tear the blank end off. Turning his back to the sun he bent over
far to a table of rock and scribbled words. That’s twice I forgot to take slips
from the library counter.</p>
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<p>His shadow lay over the rocks as he bent, ending. Why not endless till the
farthest star? Darkly they are there behind this light, darkness shining in the
brightness, delta of Cassiopeia, worlds. Me sits there with his augur’s rod of
ash, in borrowed sandals, by day beside a livid sea, unbeheld, in violet night
walking beneath a reign of uncouth stars. I throw this ended shadow from me,
manshape ineluctable, call it back. Endless, would it be mine, form of my form?
Who watches me here? Who ever anywhere will read these written words? Signs on
a white field. Somewhere to someone in your flutiest voice. The good bishop of
Cloyne took the veil of the temple out of his shovel hat: veil of space with
coloured emblems hatched on its field. Hold hard. Coloured on a flat: yes,
that’s right. Flat I see, then think distance, near, far, flat I see, east,
back. Ah, see now! Falls back suddenly, frozen in stereoscope. Click does the
trick. You find my words dark. Darkness is in our souls do you not think?
Flutier. Our souls, shamewounded by our sins, cling to us yet more, a woman to
her lover clinging, the more the more.</p>
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<p>She trusts me, her hand gentle, the longlashed eyes. Now where the blue hell am
I bringing her beyond the veil? Into the ineluctable modality of the
ineluctable visuality. She, she, she. What she? The virgin at Hodges Figgis’
window on Monday looking in for one of the alphabet books you were going to
write. Keen glance you gave her. Wrist through the braided jesse of her
sunshade. She lives in Leeson park with a grief and kickshaws, a lady of
letters. Talk that to someone else, Stevie: a pickmeup. Bet she wears those
curse of God stays suspenders and yellow stockings, darned with lumpy wool.
Talk about apple dumplings, <em>piuttosto</em>. Where are your wits?</p>
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<p>Touch me. Soft eyes. Soft soft soft hand. I am lonely here. O, touch me soon,
now. What is that word known to all men? I am quiet here alone. Sad too. Touch,
touch me.</p>
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<p>He lay back at full stretch over the sharp rocks, cramming the scribbled note
and pencil into a pocket, his hat tilted down on his eyes. That is Kevin Egan’s
movement I made, nodding for his nap, sabbath sleep. <em>Et vidit Deus. Et erant
valde bona</em>. Alo! <em>Bonjour</em>. Welcome as the flowers in May. Under its
leaf he watched through peacocktwittering lashes the southing sun. I am caught
in this burning scene. Pan’s hour, the faunal noon. Among gumheavy
serpentplants, milkoozing fruits, where on the tawny waters leaves lie wide.
Pain is far.</p>
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<p>And no more turn aside and brood.</p>
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<p>His gaze brooded on his broadtoed boots, a buck’s castoffs,
<em>nebeneinander</em>. He counted the creases of rucked leather wherein
another’s foot had nested warm. The foot that beat the ground in tripudium,
foot I dislove. But you were delighted when Esther Osvalt’s shoe went on you:
girl I knew in Paris. <em>Tiens, quel petit pied!</em> Staunch friend, a brother
soul: Wilde’s love that dare not speak its name. His arm: Cranly’s arm. He now
will leave me. And the blame? As I am. As I am. All or not at all.</p>
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<p>In long lassoes from the Cock lake the water flowed full, covering
greengoldenly lagoons of sand, rising, flowing. My ashplant will float away. I
shall wait. No, they will pass on, passing, chafing against the low rocks,
swirling, passing. Better get this job over quick. Listen: a fourworded
wavespeech: seesoo, hrss, rsseeiss, ooos. Vehement breath of waters amid
seasnakes, rearing horses, rocks. In cups of rocks it slops: flop, slop, slap:
bounded in barrels. And, spent, its speech ceases. It flows purling, widely
flowing, floating foampool, flower unfurling.</p>
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<p>Under the upswelling tide he saw the writhing weeds lift languidly and sway
reluctant arms, hising up their petticoats, in whispering water swaying and
upturning coy silver fronds. Day by day: night by night: lifted, flooded and
let fall. Lord, they are weary; and, whispered to, they sigh. Saint Ambrose
heard it, sigh of leaves and waves, waiting, awaiting the fullness of their
times, <em>diebus ac noctibus iniurias patiens ingemiscit</em>. To no end
gathered; vainly then released, forthflowing, wending back: loom of the moon.
Weary too in sight of lovers, lascivious men, a naked woman shining in her
courts, she draws a toil of waters.</p>
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<p>Five fathoms out there. Full fathom five thy father lies. At one, he said.
Found drowned. High water at Dublin bar. Driving before it a loose drift of
rubble, fanshoals of fishes, silly shells. A corpse rising saltwhite from the
undertow, bobbing a pace a pace a porpoise landward. There he is. Hook it
quick. Pull. Sunk though he be beneath the watery floor. We have him. Easy now.</p>
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<p>Bag of corpsegas sopping in foul brine. A quiver of minnows, fat of a spongy
titbit, flash through the slits of his buttoned trouserfly. God becomes man
becomes fish becomes barnacle goose becomes featherbed mountain. Dead breaths I
living breathe, tread dead dust, devour a urinous offal from all dead. Hauled
stark over the gunwale he breathes upward the stench of his green grave, his
leprous nosehole snoring to the sun.</p>
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<p>A seachange this, brown eyes saltblue. Seadeath, mildest of all deaths known to
man. Old Father Ocean. <em>Prix de Paris</em>: beware of imitations. Just you
give it a fair trial. We enjoyed ourselves immensely.</p>
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<p>Come. I thirst. Clouding over. No black clouds anywhere, are there?
Thunderstorm. Allbright he falls, proud lightning of the intellect, <em>Lucifer,
dico, qui nescit occasum</em>. No. My cockle hat and staff and hismy sandal
shoon. Where? To evening lands. Evening will find itself.</p>
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<p>He took the hilt of his ashplant, lunging with it softly, dallying still. Yes,
evening will find itself in me, without me. All days make their end. By the way
next when is it Tuesday will be the longest day. Of all the glad new year,
mother, the rum tum tiddledy tum. Lawn Tennyson, gentleman poet. <em>Già</em>.
For the old hag with the yellow teeth. And Monsieur Drumont, gentleman
journalist. <em>Già</em>. My teeth are very bad. Why, I wonder. Feel. That one is
going too. Shells. Ought I go to a dentist, I wonder, with that money? That
one. This. Toothless Kinch, the superman. Why is that, I wonder, or does it
mean something perhaps?</p>
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<p>My handkerchief. He threw it. I remember. Did I not take it up?</p>
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<p>His hand groped vainly in his pockets. No, I didn’t. Better buy one.</p>
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<p>He laid the dry snot picked from his nostril on a ledge of rock, carefully. For
the rest let look who will.</p>
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<p>Behind. Perhaps there is someone.</p>
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<p>He turned his face over a shoulder, rere regardant. Moving through the air high
spars of a threemaster, her sails brailed up on the crosstrees, homing,
upstream, silently moving, a silent ship.</p>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_pgepubid00006" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h2><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_part02"></span>— II —</h2>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_pgepubid00007" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_chap04"></span>[ 4 ]</h3>
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<p>Mr Leopold Bloom ate with relish the inner organs of beasts and fowls. He liked
thick giblet soup, nutty gizzards, a stuffed roast heart, liverslices fried
with crustcrumbs, fried hencods’ roes. Most of all he liked grilled mutton
kidneys which gave to his palate a fine tang of faintly scented urine.</p>
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<p>Kidneys were in his mind as he moved about the kitchen softly, righting her
breakfast things on the humpy tray. Gelid light and air were in the kitchen but
out of doors gentle summer morning everywhere. Made him feel a bit peckish.</p>
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<p>The coals were reddening.</p>
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<p>Another slice of bread and butter: three, four: right. She didn’t like her
plate full. Right. He turned from the tray, lifted the kettle off the hob and
set it sideways on the fire. It sat there, dull and squat, its spout stuck out.
Cup of tea soon. Good. Mouth dry. The cat walked stiffly round a leg of the
table with tail on high.</p>
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<p>—Mkgnao!</p>
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<p>—O, there you are, Mr Bloom said, turning from the fire.</p>
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<p>The cat mewed in answer and stalked again stiffly round a leg of the table,
mewing. Just how she stalks over my writingtable. Prr. Scratch my head. Prr.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom watched curiously, kindly the lithe black form. Clean to see: the
gloss of her sleek hide, the white button under the butt of her tail, the green
flashing eyes. He bent down to her, his hands on his knees.</p>
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<p>—Milk for the pussens, he said.</p>
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<p>—Mrkgnao! the cat cried.</p>
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<p>They call them stupid. They understand what we say better than we understand
them. She understands all she wants to. Vindictive too. Cruel. Her nature.
Curious mice never squeal. Seem to like it. Wonder what I look like to her.
Height of a tower? No, she can jump me.</p>
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<p>—Afraid of the chickens she is, he said mockingly. Afraid of the
chookchooks. I never saw such a stupid pussens as the pussens.</p>
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<p>—Mrkrgnao! the cat said loudly.</p>
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<p>She blinked up out of her avid shameclosing eyes, mewing plaintively and long,
showing him her milkwhite teeth. He watched the dark eyeslits narrowing with
greed till her eyes were green stones. Then he went to the dresser, took the
jug Hanlon’s milkman had just filled for him, poured warmbubbled milk on a
saucer and set it slowly on the floor.</p>
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<p>—Gurrhr! she cried, running to lap.</p>
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<p>He watched the bristles shining wirily in the weak light as she tipped three
times and licked lightly. Wonder is it true if you clip them they can’t mouse
after. Why? They shine in the dark, perhaps, the tips. Or kind of feelers in
the dark, perhaps.</p>
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<p>He listened to her licking lap. Ham and eggs, no. No good eggs with this
drouth. Want pure fresh water. Thursday: not a good day either for a mutton
kidney at Buckley’s. Fried with butter, a shake of pepper. Better a pork kidney
at Dlugacz’s. While the kettle is boiling. She lapped slower, then licking the
saucer clean. Why are their tongues so rough? To lap better, all porous holes.
Nothing she can eat? He glanced round him. No.</p>
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<p>On quietly creaky boots he went up the staircase to the hall, paused by the
bedroom door. She might like something tasty. Thin bread and butter she likes
in the morning. Still perhaps: once in a way.</p>
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<p>He said softly in the bare hall:</p>
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<p>—I’m going round the corner. Be back in a minute.</p>
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<p>And when he had heard his voice say it he added:</p>
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<p>—You don’t want anything for breakfast?</p>
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<p>A sleepy soft grunt answered:</p>
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<p>—Mn.</p>
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<p>No. She didn’t want anything. He heard then a warm heavy sigh, softer, as she
turned over and the loose brass quoits of the bedstead jingled. Must get those
settled really. Pity. All the way from Gibraltar. Forgotten any little Spanish
she knew. Wonder what her father gave for it. Old style. Ah yes! of course.
Bought it at the governor’s auction. Got a short knock. Hard as nails at a
bargain, old Tweedy. Yes, sir. At Plevna that was. I rose from the ranks, sir,
and I’m proud of it. Still he had brains enough to make that corner in stamps.
Now that was farseeing.</p>
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<p>His hand took his hat from the peg over his initialled heavy overcoat and his
lost property office secondhand waterproof. Stamps: stickyback pictures.
Daresay lots of officers are in the swim too. Course they do. The sweated
legend in the crown of his hat told him mutely: Plasto’s high grade ha. He
peeped quickly inside the leather headband. White slip of paper. Quite safe.</p>
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<p>On the doorstep he felt in his hip pocket for the latchkey. Not there. In the
trousers I left off. Must get it. Potato I have. Creaky wardrobe. No use
disturbing her. She turned over sleepily that time. He pulled the halldoor to
after him very quietly, more, till the footleaf dropped gently over the
threshold, a limp lid. Looked shut. All right till I come back anyhow.</p>
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<p>He crossed to the bright side, avoiding the loose cellarflap of number
seventyfive. The sun was nearing the steeple of George’s church. Be a warm day
I fancy. Specially in these black clothes feel it more. Black conducts,
reflects, (refracts is it?), the heat. But I couldn’t go in that light suit.
Make a picnic of it. His eyelids sank quietly often as he walked in happy
warmth. Boland’s breadvan delivering with trays our daily but she prefers
yesterday’s loaves turnovers crisp crowns hot. Makes you feel young. Somewhere
in the east: early morning: set off at dawn. Travel round in front of the sun,
steal a day’s march on him. Keep it up for ever never grow a day older
technically. Walk along a strand, strange land, come to a city gate, sentry
there, old ranker too, old Tweedy’s big moustaches, leaning on a long kind of a
spear. Wander through awned streets. Turbaned faces going by. Dark caves of
carpet shops, big man, Turko the terrible, seated crosslegged, smoking a coiled
pipe. Cries of sellers in the streets. Drink water scented with fennel,
sherbet. Dander along all day. Might meet a robber or two. Well, meet him.
Getting on to sundown. The shadows of the mosques among the pillars: priest
with a scroll rolled up. A shiver of the trees, signal, the evening wind. I
pass on. Fading gold sky. A mother watches me from her doorway. She calls her
children home in their dark language. High wall: beyond strings twanged. Night
sky, moon, violet, colour of Molly’s new garters. Strings. Listen. A girl
playing one of those instruments what do you call them: dulcimers. I pass.</p>
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<p>Probably not a bit like it really. Kind of stuff you read: in the track of the
sun. Sunburst on the titlepage. He smiled, pleasing himself. What Arthur
Griffith said about the headpiece over the <em>Freeman</em> leader: a homerule
sun rising up in the northwest from the laneway behind the bank of Ireland. He
prolonged his pleased smile. Ikey touch that: homerule sun rising up in the
northwest.</p>
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<p>He approached Larry O’Rourke’s. From the cellar grating floated up the flabby
gush of porter. Through the open doorway the bar squirted out whiffs of ginger,
teadust, biscuitmush. Good house, however: just the end of the city traffic.
For instance M’Auley’s down there: n. g. as position. Of course if they ran a
tramline along the North Circular from the cattlemarket to the quays value
would go up like a shot.</p>
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<p>Baldhead over the blind. Cute old codger. No use canvassing him for an ad.
Still he knows his own business best. There he is, sure enough, my bold Larry,
leaning against the sugarbin in his shirtsleeves watching the aproned curate
swab up with mop and bucket. Simon Dedalus takes him off to a tee with his eyes
screwed up. Do you know what I’m going to tell you? What’s that, Mr O’Rourke?
Do you know what? The Russians, they’d only be an eight o’clock breakfast for
the Japanese.</p>
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<p>Stop and say a word: about the funeral perhaps. Sad thing about poor Dignam, Mr
O’Rourke.</p>
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<p>Turning into Dorset street he said freshly in greeting through the doorway:</p>
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<p>—Good day, Mr O’Rourke.</p>
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<p>—Good day to you.</p>
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<p>—Lovely weather, sir.</p>
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<p>—’Tis all that.</p>
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<p>Where do they get the money? Coming up redheaded curates from the county
Leitrim, rinsing empties and old man in the cellar. Then, lo and behold, they
blossom out as Adam Findlaters or Dan Tallons. Then think of the competition.
General thirst. Good puzzle would be cross Dublin without passing a pub. Save
it they can’t. Off the drunks perhaps. Put down three and carry five. What is
that, a bob here and there, dribs and drabs. On the wholesale orders perhaps.
Doing a double shuffle with the town travellers. Square it you with the boss
and we’ll split the job, see?</p>
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<p>How much would that tot to off the porter in the month? Say ten barrels of
stuff. Say he got ten per cent off. O more. Fifteen. He passed Saint Joseph’s
National school. Brats’ clamour. Windows open. Fresh air helps memory. Or a
lilt. Ahbeesee defeegee kelomen opeecue rustyouvee doubleyou. Boys are they?
Yes. Inishturk. Inishark. Inishboffin. At their joggerfry. Mine. Slieve Bloom.</p>
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<p>He halted before Dlugacz’s window, staring at the hanks of sausages, polonies,
black and white. Fifteen multiplied by. The figures whitened in his mind,
unsolved: displeased, he let them fade. The shiny links, packed with forcemeat,
fed his gaze and he breathed in tranquilly the lukewarm breath of cooked spicy
pigs’ blood.</p>
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<p>A kidney oozed bloodgouts on the willowpatterned dish: the last. He stood by
the nextdoor girl at the counter. Would she buy it too, calling the items from
a slip in her hand? Chapped: washingsoda. And a pound and a half of Denny’s
sausages. His eyes rested on her vigorous hips. Woods his name is. Wonder what
he does. Wife is oldish. New blood. No followers allowed. Strong pair of arms.
Whacking a carpet on the clothesline. She does whack it, by George. The way her
crooked skirt swings at each whack.</p>
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<p>The ferreteyed porkbutcher folded the sausages he had snipped off with blotchy
fingers, sausagepink. Sound meat there: like a stallfed heifer.</p>
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<p>He took a page up from the pile of cut sheets: the model farm at Kinnereth on
the lakeshore of Tiberias. Can become ideal winter sanatorium. Moses
Montefiore. I thought he was. Farmhouse, wall round it, blurred cattle
cropping. He held the page from him: interesting: read it nearer, the title,
the blurred cropping cattle, the page rustling. A young white heifer. Those
mornings in the cattlemarket, the beasts lowing in their pens, branded sheep,
flop and fall of dung, the breeders in hobnailed boots trudging through the
litter, slapping a palm on a ripemeated hindquarter, there’s a prime one,
unpeeled switches in their hands. He held the page aslant patiently, bending
his senses and his will, his soft subject gaze at rest. The crooked skirt
swinging, whack by whack by whack.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The porkbutcher snapped two sheets from the pile, wrapped up her prime sausages
and made a red grimace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Now, my miss, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She tendered a coin, smiling boldly, holding her thick wrist out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thank you, my miss. And one shilling threepence change. For you, please?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom pointed quickly. To catch up and walk behind her if she went slowly,
behind her moving hams. Pleasant to see first thing in the morning. Hurry up,
damn it. Make hay while the sun shines. She stood outside the shop in sunlight
and sauntered lazily to the right. He sighed down his nose: they never
understand. Sodachapped hands. Crusted toenails too. Brown scapulars in
tatters, defending her both ways. The sting of disregard glowed to weak
pleasure within his breast. For another: a constable off duty cuddling her in
Eccles’ Lane. They like them sizeable. Prime sausage. O please, Mr Policeman,
I’m lost in the wood.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Threepence, please.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His hand accepted the moist tender gland and slid it into a sidepocket. Then it
fetched up three coins from his trousers’ pocket and laid them on the rubber
prickles. They lay, were read quickly and quickly slid, disc by disc, into the
till.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thank you, sir. Another time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A speck of eager fire from foxeyes thanked him. He withdrew his gaze after an
instant. No: better not: another time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good morning, he said, moving away.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good morning, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No sign. Gone. What matter?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked back along Dorset street, reading gravely. Agendath Netaim: planters’
company. To purchase waste sandy tracts from Turkish government and plant with
eucalyptus trees. Excellent for shade, fuel and construction. Orangegroves and
immense melonfields north of Jaffa. You pay eighty marks and they plant a dunam
of land for you with olives, oranges, almonds or citrons. Olives cheaper:
oranges need artificial irrigation. Every year you get a sending of the crop.
Your name entered for life as owner in the book of the union. Can pay ten down
and the balance in yearly instalments. Bleibtreustrasse 34, Berlin, W. 15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nothing doing. Still an idea behind it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked at the cattle, blurred in silver heat. Silverpowdered olivetrees.
Quiet long days: pruning, ripening. Olives are packed in jars, eh? I have a few
left from Andrews. Molly spitting them out. Knows the taste of them now.
Oranges in tissue paper packed in crates. Citrons too. Wonder is poor Citron
still in Saint Kevin’s parade. And Mastiansky with the old cither. Pleasant
evenings we had then. Molly in Citron’s basketchair. Nice to hold, cool waxen
fruit, hold in the hand, lift it to the nostrils and smell the perfume. Like
that, heavy, sweet, wild perfume. Always the same, year after year. They
fetched high prices too, Moisel told me. Arbutus place: Pleasants street:
pleasant old times. Must be without a flaw, he said. Coming all that way:
Spain, Gibraltar, Mediterranean, the Levant. Crates lined up on the quayside at
Jaffa, chap ticking them off in a book, navvies handling them barefoot in
soiled dungarees. There’s whatdoyoucallhim out of. How do you? Doesn’t see.
Chap you know just to salute bit of a bore. His back is like that Norwegian
captain’s. Wonder if I’ll meet him today. Watering cart. To provoke the rain.
On earth as it is in heaven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A cloud began to cover the sun slowly, wholly. Grey. Far.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No, not like that. A barren land, bare waste. Vulcanic lake, the dead sea: no
fish, weedless, sunk deep in the earth. No wind could lift those waves, grey
metal, poisonous foggy waters. Brimstone they called it raining down: the
cities of the plain: Sodom, Gomorrah, Edom. All dead names. A dead sea in a
dead land, grey and old. Old now. It bore the oldest, the first race. A bent
hag crossed from Cassidy’s, clutching a naggin bottle by the neck. The oldest
people. Wandered far away over all the earth, captivity to captivity,
multiplying, dying, being born everywhere. It lay there now. Now it could bear
no more. Dead: an old woman’s: the grey sunken cunt of the world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Desolation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Grey horror seared his flesh. Folding the page into his pocket he turned into
Eccles street, hurrying homeward. Cold oils slid along his veins, chilling his
blood: age crusting him with a salt cloak. Well, I am here now. Yes, I am here
now. Morning mouth bad images. Got up wrong side of the bed. Must begin again
those Sandow’s exercises. On the hands down. Blotchy brown brick houses. Number
eighty still unlet. Why is that? Valuation is only twentyeight. Towers,
Battersby, North, MacArthur: parlour windows plastered with bills. Plasters on
a sore eye. To smell the gentle smoke of tea, fume of the pan, sizzling butter.
Be near her ample bedwarmed flesh. Yes, yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Quick warm sunlight came running from Berkeley road, swiftly, in slim sandals,
along the brightening footpath. Runs, she runs to meet me, a girl with gold
hair on the wind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Two letters and a card lay on the hallfloor. He stooped and gathered them. Mrs
Marion Bloom. His quickened heart slowed at once. Bold hand. Mrs Marion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Poldy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Entering the bedroom he halfclosed his eyes and walked through warm yellow
twilight towards her tousled head.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who are the letters for?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked at them. Mullingar. Milly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A letter for me from Milly, he said carefully, and a card to you. And a
letter for you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He laid her card and letter on the twill bedspread near the curve of her knees.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you want the blind up?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Letting the blind up by gentle tugs halfway his backward eye saw her glance at
the letter and tuck it under her pillow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That do? he asked, turning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She was reading the card, propped on her elbow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—She got the things, she said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He waited till she had laid the card aside and curled herself back slowly with
a snug sigh.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hurry up with that tea, she said. I’m parched.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The kettle is boiling, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But he delayed to clear the chair: her striped petticoat, tossed soiled linen:
and lifted all in an armful on to the foot of the bed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As he went down the kitchen stairs she called:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Poldy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Scald the teapot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On the boil sure enough: a plume of steam from the spout. He scalded and rinsed
out the teapot and put in four full spoons of tea, tilting the kettle then to
let the water flow in. Having set it to draw he took off the kettle, crushed
the pan flat on the live coals and watched the lump of butter slide and melt.
While he unwrapped the kidney the cat mewed hungrily against him. Give her too
much meat she won’t mouse. Say they won’t eat pork. Kosher. Here. He let the
bloodsmeared paper fall to her and dropped the kidney amid the sizzling butter
sauce. Pepper. He sprinkled it through his fingers ringwise from the chipped
eggcup.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then he slit open his letter, glancing down the page and over. Thanks: new tam:
Mr Coghlan: lough Owel picnic: young student: Blazes Boylan’s seaside girls.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The tea was drawn. He filled his own moustachecup, sham crown Derby, smiling.
Silly Milly’s birthday gift. Only five she was then. No, wait: four. I gave her
the amberoid necklace she broke. Putting pieces of folded brown paper in the
letterbox for her. He smiled, pouring.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, Milly Bloom, you are my darling.<br/>You are my lookingglass from night to morning.<br/>I’d rather have you without a farthing<br/>Than Katey Keogh with her ass and garden.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Poor old professor Goodwin. Dreadful old case. Still he was a courteous old
chap. Oldfashioned way he used to bow Molly off the platform. And the little
mirror in his silk hat. The night Milly brought it into the parlour. O, look
what I found in professor Goodwin’s hat! All we laughed. Sex breaking out even
then. Pert little piece she was.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He prodded a fork into the kidney and slapped it over: then fitted the teapot
on the tray. Its hump bumped as he took it up. Everything on it? Bread and
butter, four, sugar, spoon, her cream. Yes. He carried it upstairs, his thumb
hooked in the teapot handle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nudging the door open with his knee he carried the tray in and set it on the
chair by the bedhead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What a time you were! she said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She set the brasses jingling as she raised herself briskly, an elbow on the
pillow. He looked calmly down on her bulk and between her large soft bubs,
sloping within her nightdress like a shegoat’s udder. The warmth of her couched
body rose on the air, mingling with the fragrance of the tea she poured.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A strip of torn envelope peeped from under the dimpled pillow. In the act of
going he stayed to straighten the bedspread.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who was the letter from? he asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bold hand. Marion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, Boylan, she said. He’s bringing the programme.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What are you singing?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Là ci darem</em> with J. C. Doyle, she said, and <em>Love’s Old Sweet
Song</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Her full lips, drinking, smiled. Rather stale smell that incense leaves next
day. Like foul flowerwater.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Would you like the window open a little?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She doubled a slice of bread into her mouth, asking:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What time is the funeral?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Eleven, I think, he answered. I didn’t see the paper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Following the pointing of her finger he took up a leg of her soiled drawers
from the bed. No? Then, a twisted grey garter looped round a stocking: rumpled,
shiny sole.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No: that book.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Other stocking. Her petticoat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It must have fell down, she said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He felt here and there. <em>Voglio e non vorrei</em>. Wonder if she pronounces
that right: <em>voglio</em>. Not in the bed. Must have slid down. He stooped and
lifted the valance. The book, fallen, sprawled against the bulge of the
orangekeyed chamberpot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Show here, she said. I put a mark in it. There’s a word I wanted to ask
you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She swallowed a draught of tea from her cup held by nothandle and, having wiped
her fingertips smartly on the blanket, began to search the text with the
hairpin till she reached the word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Met him what? he asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Here, she said. What does that mean?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He leaned downward and read near her polished thumbnail.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Metempsychosis?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes. Who’s he when he’s at home?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Metempsychosis, he said, frowning. It’s Greek: from the Greek. That
means the transmigration of souls.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, rocks! she said. Tell us in plain words.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He smiled, glancing askance at her mocking eyes. The same young eyes. The first
night after the charades. Dolphin’s Barn. He turned over the smudged pages.
<em>Ruby: the Pride of the Ring</em>. Hello. Illustration. Fierce Italian with
carriagewhip. Must be Ruby pride of the on the floor naked. Sheet kindly lent.
<em>The monster Maffei desisted and flung his victim from him with an oath</em>.
Cruelty behind it all. Doped animals. Trapeze at Hengler’s. Had to look the
other way. Mob gaping. Break your neck and we’ll break our sides. Families of
them. Bone them young so they metamspychosis. That we live after death. Our
souls. That a man’s soul after he dies. Dignam’s soul...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did you finish it? he asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, she said. There’s nothing smutty in it. Is she in love with the
first fellow all the time?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Never read it. Do you want another?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes. Get another of Paul de Kock’s. Nice name he has.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She poured more tea into her cup, watching it flow sideways.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Must get that Capel street library book renewed or they’ll write to Kearney, my
guarantor. Reincarnation: that’s the word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Some people believe, he said, that we go on living in another body after
death, that we lived before. They call it reincarnation. That we all lived
before on the earth thousands of years ago or some other planet. They say we
have forgotten it. Some say they remember their past lives.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The sluggish cream wound curdling spirals through her tea. Better remind her of
the word: metempsychosis. An example would be better. An example?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <em>Bath of the Nymph</em> over the bed. Given away with the Easter number of
<em>Photo Bits</em>: Splendid masterpiece in art colours. Tea before you put milk
in. Not unlike her with her hair down: slimmer. Three and six I gave for the
frame. She said it would look nice over the bed. Naked nymphs: Greece: and for
instance all the people that lived then.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned the pages back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Metempsychosis, he said, is what the ancient Greeks called it. They used
to believe you could be changed into an animal or a tree, for instance. What
they called nymphs, for example.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Her spoon ceased to stir up the sugar. She gazed straight before her, inhaling
through her arched nostrils.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There’s a smell of burn, she said. Did you leave anything on the fire?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The kidney! he cried suddenly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He fitted the book roughly into his inner pocket and, stubbing his toes against
the broken commode, hurried out towards the smell, stepping hastily down the
stairs with a flurried stork’s legs. Pungent smoke shot up in an angry jet from
a side of the pan. By prodding a prong of the fork under the kidney he detached
it and turned it turtle on its back. Only a little burnt. He tossed it off the
pan on to a plate and let the scanty brown gravy trickle over it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cup of tea now. He sat down, cut and buttered a slice of the loaf. He shore
away the burnt flesh and flung it to the cat. Then he put a forkful into his
mouth, chewing with discernment the toothsome pliant meat. Done to a turn. A
mouthful of tea. Then he cut away dies of bread, sopped one in the gravy and
put it in his mouth. What was that about some young student and a picnic? He
creased out the letter at his side, reading it slowly as he chewed, sopping
another die of bread in the gravy and raising it to his mouth.<br/><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dearest Papli</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Thanks ever so much for the lovely birthday present. It suits me splendid.
Everyone says I am quite the belle in my new tam. I got mummy’s lovely box of
creams and am writing. They are lovely. I am getting on swimming in the photo
business now. Mr Coghlan took one of me and Mrs. Will send when developed. We
did great biz yesterday. Fair day and all the beef to the heels were in. We are
going to lough Owel on Monday with a few friends to make a scrap picnic. Give
my love to mummy and to yourself a big kiss and thanks. I hear them at the
piano downstairs. There is to be a concert in the Greville Arms on Saturday.
There is a young student comes here some evenings named Bannon his cousins or
something are big swells and he sings Boylan’s (I was on the pop of writing
Blazes Boylan’s) song about those seaside girls. Tell him silly Milly sends my
best respects. I must now close with fondest love</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>                    Your fond daughter</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>                        Milly</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>P. S. Excuse bad writing am in hurry. Byby.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>                        M.<br/><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fifteen yesterday. Curious, fifteenth of the month too. Her first birthday away
from home. Separation. Remember the summer morning she was born, running to
knock up Mrs Thornton in Denzille street. Jolly old woman. Lot of babies she
must have helped into the world. She knew from the first poor little Rudy
wouldn’t live. Well, God is good, sir. She knew at once. He would be eleven now
if he had lived.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His vacant face stared pityingly at the postscript. Excuse bad writing. Hurry.
Piano downstairs. Coming out of her shell. Row with her in the XL Café about
the bracelet. Wouldn’t eat her cakes or speak or look. Saucebox. He sopped
other dies of bread in the gravy and ate piece after piece of kidney. Twelve
and six a week. Not much. Still, she might do worse. Music hall stage. Young
student. He drank a draught of cooler tea to wash down his meal. Then he read
the letter again: twice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, well: she knows how to mind herself. But if not? No, nothing has happened.
Of course it might. Wait in any case till it does. A wild piece of goods. Her
slim legs running up the staircase. Destiny. Ripening now. Vain: very.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He smiled with troubled affection at the kitchen window. Day I caught her in
the street pinching her cheeks to make them red. Anemic a little. Was given
milk too long. On the <em>Erin’s King</em> that day round the Kish. Damned old
tub pitching about. Not a bit funky. Her pale blue scarf loose in the wind with
her hair.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All dimpled cheeks and curls,<br/>Your head it simply swirls.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Seaside girls. Torn envelope. Hands stuck in his trousers’ pockets, jarvey off
for the day, singing. Friend of the family. Swurls, he says. Pier with lamps,
summer evening, band.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Those girls, those girls,<br/>Those lovely seaside girls.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Milly too. Young kisses: the first. Far away now past. Mrs Marion. Reading,
lying back now, counting the strands of her hair, smiling, braiding.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A soft qualm, regret, flowed down his backbone, increasing. Will happen, yes.
Prevent. Useless: can’t move. Girl’s sweet light lips. Will happen too. He felt
the flowing qualm spread over him. Useless to move now. Lips kissed, kissing,
kissed. Full gluey woman’s lips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Better where she is down there: away. Occupy her. Wanted a dog to pass the
time. Might take a trip down there. August bank holiday, only two and six
return. Six weeks off, however. Might work a press pass. Or through M’Coy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The cat, having cleaned all her fur, returned to the meatstained paper, nosed
at it and stalked to the door. She looked back at him, mewing. Wants to go out.
Wait before a door sometime it will open. Let her wait. Has the fidgets.
Electric. Thunder in the air. Was washing at her ear with her back to the fire
too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He felt heavy, full: then a gentle loosening of his bowels. He stood up,
undoing the waistband of his trousers. The cat mewed to him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Miaow! he said in answer. Wait till I’m ready.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Heaviness: hot day coming. Too much trouble to fag up the stairs to the
landing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A paper. He liked to read at stool. Hope no ape comes knocking just as I’m.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the tabledrawer he found an old number of <em>Titbits</em>. He folded it under
his armpit, went to the door and opened it. The cat went up in soft bounds. Ah,
wanted to go upstairs, curl up in a ball on the bed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Listening, he heard her voice:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come, come, pussy. Come.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went out through the backdoor into the garden: stood to listen towards the
next garden. No sound. Perhaps hanging clothes out to dry. The maid was in the
garden. Fine morning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He bent down to regard a lean file of spearmint growing by the wall. Make a
summerhouse here. Scarlet runners. Virginia creepers. Want to manure the whole
place over, scabby soil. A coat of liver of sulphur. All soil like that without
dung. Household slops. Loam, what is this that is? The hens in the next garden:
their droppings are very good top dressing. Best of all though are the cattle,
especially when they are fed on those oilcakes. Mulch of dung. Best thing to
clean ladies’ kid gloves. Dirty cleans. Ashes too. Reclaim the whole place.
Grow peas in that corner there. Lettuce. Always have fresh greens then. Still
gardens have their drawbacks. That bee or bluebottle here Whitmonday.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked on. Where is my hat, by the way? Must have put it back on the peg. Or
hanging up on the floor. Funny I don’t remember that. Hallstand too full. Four
umbrellas, her raincloak. Picking up the letters. Drago’s shopbell ringing.
Queer I was just thinking that moment. Brown brillantined hair over his collar.
Just had a wash and brushup. Wonder have I time for a bath this morning. Tara
street. Chap in the paybox there got away James Stephens, they say. O’Brien.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Deep voice that fellow Dlugacz has. Agendath what is it? Now, my miss.
Enthusiast.</p>
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<p>He kicked open the crazy door of the jakes. Better be careful not to get these
trousers dirty for the funeral. He went in, bowing his head under the low
lintel. Leaving the door ajar, amid the stench of mouldy limewash and stale
cobwebs he undid his braces. Before sitting down he peered through a chink up
at the nextdoor windows. The king was in his countinghouse. Nobody.</p>
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<p>Asquat on the cuckstool he folded out his paper, turning its pages over on his
bared knees. Something new and easy. No great hurry. Keep it a bit. Our prize
titbit: <em>Matcham’s Masterstroke</em>. Written by Mr Philip Beaufoy, Playgoers’
Club, London. Payment at the rate of one guinea a column has been made to the
writer. Three and a half. Three pounds three. Three pounds, thirteen and six.</p>
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<p>Quietly he read, restraining himself, the first column and, yielding but
resisting, began the second. Midway, his last resistance yielding, he allowed
his bowels to ease themselves quietly as he read, reading still patiently that
slight constipation of yesterday quite gone. Hope it’s not too big bring on
piles again. No, just right. So. Ah! Costive. One tabloid of cascara sagrada.
Life might be so. It did not move or touch him but it was something quick and
neat. Print anything now. Silly season. He read on, seated calm above his own
rising smell. Neat certainly. <em>Matcham often thinks of the masterstroke by
which he won the laughing witch who now</em>. Begins and ends morally. <em>Hand
in hand</em>. Smart. He glanced back through what he had read and, while feeling
his water flow quietly, he envied kindly Mr Beaufoy who had written it and
received payment of three pounds, thirteen and six.</p>
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<p>Might manage a sketch. By Mr and Mrs L. M. Bloom. Invent a story for some
proverb. Which? Time I used to try jotting down on my cuff what she said
dressing. Dislike dressing together. Nicked myself shaving. Biting her nether
lip, hooking the placket of her skirt. Timing her. 9.15. Did Roberts pay you
yet? 9.20. What had Gretta Conroy on? 9.23. What possessed me to buy this comb?
9.24. I’m swelled after that cabbage. A speck of dust on the patent leather of
her boot.</p>
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<p>Rubbing smartly in turn each welt against her stockinged calf. Morning after
the bazaar dance when May’s band played Ponchielli’s dance of the hours.
Explain that: morning hours, noon, then evening coming on, then night hours.
Washing her teeth. That was the first night. Her head dancing. Her fansticks
clicking. Is that Boylan well off? He has money. Why? I noticed he had a good
rich smell off his breath dancing. No use humming then. Allude to it. Strange
kind of music that last night. The mirror was in shadow. She rubbed her
handglass briskly on her woollen vest against her full wagging bub. Peering
into it. Lines in her eyes. It wouldn’t pan out somehow.</p>
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<p>Evening hours, girls in grey gauze. Night hours then: black with daggers and
eyemasks. Poetical idea: pink, then golden, then grey, then black. Still, true
to life also. Day: then the night.</p>
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<p>He tore away half the prize story sharply and wiped himself with it. Then he
girded up his trousers, braced and buttoned himself. He pulled back the jerky
shaky door of the jakes and came forth from the gloom into the air.</p>
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<p>In the bright light, lightened and cooled in limb, he eyed carefully his black
trousers: the ends, the knees, the houghs of the knees. What time is the
funeral? Better find out in the paper.</p>
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<p>A creak and a dark whirr in the air high up. The bells of George’s church. They
tolled the hour: loud dark iron.</p>
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<p>Heigho! Heigho!<br/>Heigho! Heigho!<br/>Heigho! Heigho!</p>
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<p>Quarter to. There again: the overtone following through the air. A third.</p>
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<p>Poor Dignam!</p>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-5.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-5.htm.html_pgepubid00008" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-5.htm.html_chap05"></span>[ 5 ]</h3>
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<p>By lorries along sir John Rogerson’s quay Mr Bloom walked soberly, past
Windmill lane, Leask’s the linseed crusher, the postal telegraph office. Could
have given that address too. And past the sailors’ home. He turned from the
morning noises of the quayside and walked through Lime street. By Brady’s
cottages a boy for the skins lolled, his bucket of offal linked, smoking a
chewed fagbutt. A smaller girl with scars of eczema on her forehead eyed him,
listlessly holding her battered caskhoop. Tell him if he smokes he won’t grow.
O let him! His life isn’t such a bed of roses. Waiting outside pubs to bring da
home. Come home to ma, da. Slack hour: won’t be many there. He crossed Townsend
street, passed the frowning face of Bethel. El, yes: house of: Aleph, Beth. And
past Nichols’ the undertaker. At eleven it is. Time enough. Daresay Corny
Kelleher bagged the job for O’Neill’s. Singing with his eyes shut. Corny. Met
her once in the park. In the dark. What a lark. Police tout. Her name and
address she then told with my tooraloom tooraloom tay. O, surely he bagged it.
Bury him cheap in a whatyoumaycall. With my tooraloom, tooraloom, tooraloom,
tooraloom.</p>
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<p>In Westland row he halted before the window of the Belfast and Oriental Tea
Company and read the legends of leadpapered packets: choice blend, finest
quality, family tea. Rather warm. Tea. Must get some from Tom Kernan. Couldn’t
ask him at a funeral, though. While his eyes still read blandly he took off his
hat quietly inhaling his hairoil and sent his right hand with slow grace over
his brow and hair. Very warm morning. Under their dropped lids his eyes found
the tiny bow of the leather headband inside his high grade ha. Just there. His
right hand came down into the bowl of his hat. His fingers found quickly a card
behind the headband and transferred it to his waistcoat pocket.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So warm. His right hand once more more slowly went over his brow and hair. Then
he put on his hat again, relieved: and read again: choice blend, made of the
finest Ceylon brands. The far east. Lovely spot it must be: the garden of the
world, big lazy leaves to float about on, cactuses, flowery meads, snaky lianas
they call them. Wonder is it like that. Those Cinghalese lobbing about in the
sun in <em>dolce far niente</em>, not doing a hand’s turn all day. Sleep six
months out of twelve. Too hot to quarrel. Influence of the climate. Lethargy.
Flowers of idleness. The air feeds most. Azotes. Hothouse in Botanic gardens.
Sensitive plants. Waterlilies. Petals too tired to. Sleeping sickness in the
air. Walk on roseleaves. Imagine trying to eat tripe and cowheel. Where was the
chap I saw in that picture somewhere? Ah yes, in the dead sea floating on his
back, reading a book with a parasol open. Couldn’t sink if you tried: so thick
with salt. Because the weight of the water, no, the weight of the body in the
water is equal to the weight of the what? Or is it the volume is equal to the
weight? It’s a law something like that. Vance in High school cracking his
fingerjoints, teaching. The college curriculum. Cracking curriculum. What is
weight really when you say the weight? Thirtytwo feet per second per second.
Law of falling bodies: per second per second. They all fall to the ground. The
earth. It’s the force of gravity of the earth is the weight.</p>
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<p>He turned away and sauntered across the road. How did she walk with her
sausages? Like that something. As he walked he took the folded <em>Freeman</em>
from his sidepocket, unfolded it, rolled it lengthwise in a baton and tapped it
at each sauntering step against his trouserleg. Careless air: just drop in to
see. Per second per second. Per second for every second it means. From the
curbstone he darted a keen glance through the door of the postoffice. Too late
box. Post here. No-one. In.</p>
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<p>He handed the card through the brass grill.</p>
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<p>—Are there any letters for me? he asked.</p>
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<p>While the postmistress searched a pigeonhole he gazed at the recruiting poster
with soldiers of all arms on parade: and held the tip of his baton against his
nostrils, smelling freshprinted rag paper. No answer probably. Went too far
last time.</p>
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<p>The postmistress handed him back through the grill his card with a letter. He
thanked her and glanced rapidly at the typed envelope.</p>
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<p>Henry Flower Esq,<br/>c/o P. O. Westland Row,<br/>            City.</p>
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<p>Answered anyhow. He slipped card and letter into his sidepocket, reviewing
again the soldiers on parade. Where’s old Tweedy’s regiment? Castoff soldier.
There: bearskin cap and hackle plume. No, he’s a grenadier. Pointed cuffs.
There he is: royal Dublin fusiliers. Redcoats. Too showy. That must be why the
women go after them. Uniform. Easier to enlist and drill. Maud Gonne’s letter
about taking them off O’Connell street at night: disgrace to our Irish capital.
Griffith’s paper is on the same tack now: an army rotten with venereal disease:
overseas or halfseasover empire. Half baked they look: hypnotised like. Eyes
front. Mark time. Table: able. Bed: ed. The King’s own. Never see him dressed
up as a fireman or a bobby. A mason, yes.</p>
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<p>He strolled out of the postoffice and turned to the right. Talk: as if that
would mend matters. His hand went into his pocket and a forefinger felt its way
under the flap of the envelope, ripping it open in jerks. Women will pay a lot
of heed, I don’t think. His fingers drew forth the letter the letter and
crumpled the envelope in his pocket. Something pinned on: photo perhaps. Hair?
No.</p>
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<p>M’Coy. Get rid of him quickly. Take me out of my way. Hate company when you.</p>
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<p>—Hello, Bloom. Where are you off to?</p>
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<p>—Hello, M’Coy. Nowhere in particular.</p>
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<p>—How’s the body?</p>
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<p>—Fine. How are you?</p>
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<p>—Just keeping alive, M’Coy said.</p>
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<p>His eyes on the black tie and clothes he asked with low respect:</p>
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<p>—Is there any... no trouble I hope? I see you’re...</p>
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<p>—O, no, Mr Bloom said. Poor Dignam, you know. The funeral is today.</p>
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<p>—To be sure, poor fellow. So it is. What time?</p>
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<p>A photo it isn’t. A badge maybe.</p>
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<p>—E...eleven, Mr Bloom answered.</p>
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<p>—I must try to get out there, M’Coy said. Eleven, is it? I only heard it
last night. Who was telling me? Holohan. You know Hoppy?</p>
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<p>—I know.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom gazed across the road at the outsider drawn up before the door of the
Grosvenor. The porter hoisted the valise up on the well. She stood still,
waiting, while the man, husband, brother, like her, searched his pockets for
change. Stylish kind of coat with that roll collar, warm for a day like this,
looks like blanketcloth. Careless stand of her with her hands in those patch
pockets. Like that haughty creature at the polo match. Women all for caste till
you touch the spot. Handsome is and handsome does. Reserved about to yield. The
honourable Mrs and Brutus is an honourable man. Possess her once take the
starch out of her.</p>
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<p>—I was with Bob Doran, he’s on one of his periodical bends, and what do
you call him Bantam Lyons. Just down there in Conway’s we were.</p>
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<p>Doran Lyons in Conway’s. She raised a gloved hand to her hair. In came Hoppy.
Having a wet. Drawing back his head and gazing far from beneath his vailed
eyelids he saw the bright fawn skin shine in the glare, the braided drums.
Clearly I can see today. Moisture about gives long sight perhaps. Talking of
one thing or another. Lady’s hand. Which side will she get up?</p>
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<p>—And he said: <em>Sad thing about our poor friend Paddy! What Paddy?</em> I
said. <em>Poor little Paddy Dignam</em>, he said.</p>
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<p>Off to the country: Broadstone probably. High brown boots with laces dangling.
Wellturned foot. What is he foostering over that change for? Sees me looking.
Eye out for other fellow always. Good fallback. Two strings to her bow.</p>
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<p>—<em>Why?</em> I said. <em>What’s wrong with him?</em> I said.</p>
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<p>Proud: rich: silk stockings.</p>
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<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said.</p>
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<p>He moved a little to the side of M’Coy’s talking head. Getting up in a minute.</p>
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<p>—<em>What’s wrong with him</em>? He said. <em>He’s dead</em>, he said. And,
faith, he filled up. <em>Is it Paddy Dignam</em>? I said. I couldn’t believe it
when I heard it. I was with him no later than Friday last or Thursday was it in
the Arch. <em>Yes,</em> he said. <em>He’s gone. He died on Monday, poor
fellow</em>.</p>
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<p>Watch! Watch! Silk flash rich stockings white. Watch!</p>
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<p>A heavy tramcar honking its gong slewed between.</p>
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<p>Lost it. Curse your noisy pugnose. Feels locked out of it. Paradise and the
peri. Always happening like that. The very moment. Girl in Eustace street
hallway Monday was it settling her garter. Her friend covering the display of.
<em>Esprit de corps</em>. Well, what are you gaping at?</p>
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<p>—Yes, yes, Mr Bloom said after a dull sigh. Another gone.</p>
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<p>—One of the best, M’Coy said.</p>
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<p>The tram passed. They drove off towards the Loop Line bridge, her rich gloved
hand on the steel grip. Flicker, flicker: the laceflare of her hat in the sun:
flicker, flick.</p>
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<p>—Wife well, I suppose? M’Coy’s changed voice said.</p>
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<p>—O, yes, Mr Bloom said. Tiptop, thanks.</p>
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<p>He unrolled the newspaper baton idly and read idly:</p>
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<p>What is home without<br/>Plumtree’s Potted Meat?<br/>Incomplete.<br/>With it an abode of bliss.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>—My missus has just got an engagement. At least it’s not settled yet.</p>
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<p>Valise tack again. By the way no harm. I’m off that, thanks.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom turned his largelidded eyes with unhasty friendliness.</p>
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<p>—My wife too, he said. She’s going to sing at a swagger affair in the
Ulster Hall, Belfast, on the twentyfifth.</p>
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<p>—That so? M’Coy said. Glad to hear that, old man. Who’s getting it up?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Mrs Marion Bloom. Not up yet. Queen was in her bedroom eating bread and. No
book. Blackened court cards laid along her thigh by sevens. Dark lady and fair
man. Letter. Cat furry black ball. Torn strip of envelope.</p>
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<p>Love’s<br/>Old<br/>Sweet<br/>Song<br/>Comes lo-ove’s old...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>—It’s a kind of a tour, don’t you see, Mr Bloom said thoughtfully.
<em>Sweeeet song</em>. There’s a committee formed. Part shares and part profits.</p>
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<p>M’Coy nodded, picking at his moustache stubble.</p>
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<p>—O, well, he said. That’s good news.</p>
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<p>He moved to go.</p>
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<p>—Well, glad to see you looking fit, he said. Meet you knocking around.</p>
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<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said.</p>
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<p>—Tell you what, M’Coy said. You might put down my name at the funeral,
will you? I’d like to go but I mightn’t be able, you see. There’s a drowning
case at Sandycove may turn up and then the coroner and myself would have to go
down if the body is found. You just shove in my name if I’m not there, will
you?</p>
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<p>—I’ll do that, Mr Bloom said, moving to get off. That’ll be all right.</p>
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<p>—Right, M’Coy said brightly. Thanks, old man. I’d go if I possibly could.
Well, tolloll. Just C. P. M’Coy will do.</p>
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<p>—That will be done, Mr Bloom answered firmly.</p>
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<p>Didn’t catch me napping that wheeze. The quick touch. Soft mark. I’d like my
job. Valise I have a particular fancy for. Leather. Capped corners, rivetted
edges, double action lever lock. Bob Cowley lent him his for the Wicklow
regatta concert last year and never heard tidings of it from that good day to
this.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom, strolling towards Brunswick street, smiled. My missus has just got
an. Reedy freckled soprano. Cheeseparing nose. Nice enough in its way: for a
little ballad. No guts in it. You and me, don’t you know: in the same boat.
Softsoaping. Give you the needle that would. Can’t he hear the difference?
Think he’s that way inclined a bit. Against my grain somehow. Thought that
Belfast would fetch him. I hope that smallpox up there doesn’t get worse.
Suppose she wouldn’t let herself be vaccinated again. Your wife and my wife.</p>
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<p>Wonder is he pimping after me?</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom stood at the corner, his eyes wandering over the multicoloured
hoardings. Cantrell and Cochrane’s Ginger Ale (Aromatic). Clery’s Summer Sale.
No, he’s going on straight. Hello. <em>Leah</em> tonight. Mrs Bandmann Palmer.
Like to see her again in that. <em>Hamlet</em> she played last night. Male
impersonator. Perhaps he was a woman. Why Ophelia committed suicide. Poor papa!
How he used to talk of Kate Bateman in that. Outside the Adelphi in London
waited all the afternoon to get in. Year before I was born that was: sixtyfive.
And Ristori in Vienna. What is this the right name is? By Mosenthal it is.
Rachel, is it? No. The scene he was always talking about where the old blind
Abraham recognises the voice and puts his fingers on his face.</p>
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<p>Nathan’s voice! His son’s voice! I hear the voice of Nathan who left his father
to die of grief and misery in my arms, who left the house of his father and
left the God of his father.</p>
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<p>Every word is so deep, Leopold.</p>
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<p>Poor papa! Poor man! I’m glad I didn’t go into the room to look at his face.
That day! O, dear! O, dear! Ffoo! Well, perhaps it was best for him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Mr Bloom went round the corner and passed the drooping nags of the hazard. No
use thinking of it any more. Nosebag time. Wish I hadn’t met that M’Coy fellow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>He came nearer and heard a crunching of gilded oats, the gently champing teeth.
Their full buck eyes regarded him as he went by, amid the sweet oaten reek of
horsepiss. Their Eldorado. Poor jugginses! Damn all they know or care about
anything with their long noses stuck in nosebags. Too full for words. Still
they get their feed all right and their doss. Gelded too: a stump of black
guttapercha wagging limp between their haunches. Might be happy all the same
that way. Good poor brutes they look. Still their neigh can be very irritating.</p>
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<p>He drew the letter from his pocket and folded it into the newspaper he carried.
Might just walk into her here. The lane is safer.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He passed the cabman’s shelter. Curious the life of drifting cabbies. All
weathers, all places, time or setdown, no will of their own. <em>Voglio e
non</em>. Like to give them an odd cigarette. Sociable. Shout a few flying
syllables as they pass. He hummed:</p>
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<p>Là ci darem la mano<br/>La la lala la la.</p>
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<p>He turned into Cumberland street and, going on some paces, halted in the lee of
the station wall. No-one. Meade’s timberyard. Piled balks. Ruins and tenements.
With careful tread he passed over a hopscotch court with its forgotten
pickeystone. Not a sinner. Near the timberyard a squatted child at marbles,
alone, shooting the taw with a cunnythumb. A wise tabby, a blinking sphinx,
watched from her warm sill. Pity to disturb them. Mohammed cut a piece out of
his mantle not to wake her. Open it. And once I played marbles when I went to
that old dame’s school. She liked mignonette. Mrs Ellis’s. And Mr? He opened
the letter within the newspaper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A flower. I think it’s a. A yellow flower with flattened petals. Not annoyed
then? What does she say?<br/><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dear Henry</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I got your last letter to me and thank you very much for it. I am sorry you did
not like my last letter. Why did you enclose the stamps? I am awfully angry
with you. I do wish I could punish you for that. I called you naughty boy
because I do not like that other world. Please tell me what is the real meaning
of that word? Are you not happy in your home you poor little naughty boy? I do
wish I could do something for you. Please tell me what you think of poor me. I
often think of the beautiful name you have. Dear Henry, when will we meet? I
think of you so often you have no idea. I have never felt myself so much drawn
to a man as you. I feel so bad about. Please write me a long letter and tell me
more. Remember if you do not I will punish you. So now you know what I will do
to you, you naughty boy, if you do not wrote. O how I long to meet you. Henry
dear, do not deny my request before my patience are exhausted. Then I will tell
you all. Goodbye now, naughty darling, I have such a bad headache. today. and
write <em>by return</em> to your longing</p>
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<p>Martha</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>P. S. Do tell me what kind of perfume does your wife use. I want to know.<br/><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He tore the flower gravely from its pinhold smelt its almost no smell and
placed it in his heart pocket. Language of flowers. They like it because no-one
can hear. Or a poison bouquet to strike him down. Then walking slowly forward
he read the letter again, murmuring here and there a word. Angry tulips with
you darling manflower punish your cactus if you don’t please poor forgetmenot
how I long violets to dear roses when we soon anemone meet all naughty
nightstalk wife Martha’s perfume. Having read it all he took it from the
newspaper and put it back in his sidepocket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Weak joy opened his lips. Changed since the first letter. Wonder did she wrote
it herself. Doing the indignant: a girl of good family like me, respectable
character. Could meet one Sunday after the rosary. Thank you: not having any.
Usual love scrimmage. Then running round corners. Bad as a row with Molly.
Cigar has a cooling effect. Narcotic. Go further next time. Naughty boy:
punish: afraid of words, of course. Brutal, why not? Try it anyhow. A bit at a
time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fingering still the letter in his pocket he drew the pin out of it. Common pin,
eh? He threw it on the road. Out of her clothes somewhere: pinned together.
Queer the number of pins they always have. No roses without thorns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Flat Dublin voices bawled in his head. Those two sluts that night in the
Coombe, linked together in the rain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, Mairy lost the pin of her drawers.<br/>She didn’t know what to do<br/>To keep it up,<br/>To keep it up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It? Them. Such a bad headache. Has her roses probably. Or sitting all day
typing. Eyefocus bad for stomach nerves. What perfume does your wife use. Now
could you make out a thing like that?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To keep it up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Martha, Mary. I saw that picture somewhere I forget now old master or faked for
money. He is sitting in their house, talking. Mysterious. Also the two sluts in
the Coombe would listen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To keep it up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nice kind of evening feeling. No more wandering about. Just loll there: quiet
dusk: let everything rip. Forget. Tell about places you have been, strange
customs. The other one, jar on her head, was getting the supper: fruit, olives,
lovely cool water out of a well, stonecold like the hole in the wall at
Ashtown. Must carry a paper goblet next time I go to the trottingmatches. She
listens with big dark soft eyes. Tell her: more and more: all. Then a sigh:
silence. Long long long rest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Going under the railway arch he took out the envelope, tore it swiftly in
shreds and scattered them towards the road. The shreds fluttered away, sank in
the dank air: a white flutter, then all sank.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Henry Flower. You could tear up a cheque for a hundred pounds in the same way.
Simple bit of paper. Lord Iveagh once cashed a sevenfigure cheque for a million
in the bank of Ireland. Shows you the money to be made out of porter. Still the
other brother lord Ardilaun has to change his shirt four times a day, they say.
Skin breeds lice or vermin. A million pounds, wait a moment. Twopence a pint,
fourpence a quart, eightpence a gallon of porter, no, one and fourpence a
gallon of porter. One and four into twenty: fifteen about. Yes, exactly.
Fifteen millions of barrels of porter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What am I saying barrels? Gallons. About a million barrels all the same.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An incoming train clanked heavily above his head, coach after coach. Barrels
bumped in his head: dull porter slopped and churned inside. The bungholes
sprang open and a huge dull flood leaked out, flowing together, winding through
mudflats all over the level land, a lazy pooling swirl of liquor bearing along
wideleaved flowers of its froth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He had reached the open backdoor of All Hallows. Stepping into the porch he
doffed his hat, took the card from his pocket and tucked it again behind the
leather headband. Damn it. I might have tried to work M’Coy for a pass to
Mullingar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Same notice on the door. Sermon by the very reverend John Conmee S. J. on saint
Peter Claver S. J. and the African Mission. Prayers for the conversion of
Gladstone they had too when he was almost unconscious. The protestants are the
same. Convert Dr William J. Walsh D.D. to the true religion. Save China’s
millions. Wonder how they explain it to the heathen Chinee. Prefer an ounce of
opium. Celestials. Rank heresy for them. Buddha their god lying on his side in
the museum. Taking it easy with hand under his cheek. Josssticks burning. Not
like Ecce Homo. Crown of thorns and cross. Clever idea Saint Patrick the
shamrock. Chopsticks? Conmee: Martin Cunningham knows him:
distinguishedlooking. Sorry I didn’t work him about getting Molly into the
choir instead of that Father Farley who looked a fool but wasn’t. They’re
taught that. He’s not going out in bluey specs with the sweat rolling off him
to baptise blacks, is he? The glasses would take their fancy, flashing. Like to
see them sitting round in a ring with blub lips, entranced, listening. Still
life. Lap it up like milk, I suppose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The cold smell of sacred stone called him. He trod the worn steps, pushed the
swingdoor and entered softly by the rere.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Something going on: some sodality. Pity so empty. Nice discreet place to be
next some girl. Who is my neighbour? Jammed by the hour to slow music. That
woman at midnight mass. Seventh heaven. Women knelt in the benches with crimson
halters round their necks, heads bowed. A batch knelt at the altarrails. The
priest went along by them, murmuring, holding the thing in his hands. He
stopped at each, took out a communion, shook a drop or two (are they in water?)
off it and put it neatly into her mouth. Her hat and head sank. Then the next
one. Her hat sank at once. Then the next one: a small old woman. The priest
bent down to put it into her mouth, murmuring all the time. Latin. The next
one. Shut your eyes and open your mouth. What? <em>Corpus:</em> body. Corpse.
Good idea the Latin. Stupefies them first. Hospice for the dying. They don’t
seem to chew it: only swallow it down. Rum idea: eating bits of a corpse. Why
the cannibals cotton to it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stood aside watching their blind masks pass down the aisle, one by one, and
seek their places. He approached a bench and seated himself in its corner,
nursing his hat and newspaper. These pots we have to wear. We ought to have
hats modelled on our heads. They were about him here and there, with heads
still bowed in their crimson halters, waiting for it to melt in their stomachs.
Something like those mazzoth: it’s that sort of bread: unleavened shewbread.
Look at them. Now I bet it makes them feel happy. Lollipop. It does. Yes, bread
of angels it’s called. There’s a big idea behind it, kind of kingdom of God is
within you feel. First communicants. Hokypoky penny a lump. Then feel all like
one family party, same in the theatre, all in the same swim. They do. I’m sure
of that. Not so lonely. In our confraternity. Then come out a bit spreeish. Let
off steam. Thing is if you really believe in it. Lourdes cure, waters of
oblivion, and the Knock apparition, statues bleeding. Old fellow asleep near
that confessionbox. Hence those snores. Blind faith. Safe in the arms of
kingdom come. Lulls all pain. Wake this time next year.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He saw the priest stow the communion cup away, well in, and kneel an instant
before it, showing a large grey bootsole from under the lace affair he had on.
Suppose he lost the pin of his. He wouldn’t know what to do to. Bald spot
behind. Letters on his back: I.N.R.I? No: I.H.S. Molly told me one time I asked
her. I have sinned: or no: I have suffered, it is. And the other one? Iron
nails ran in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Meet one Sunday after the rosary. Do not deny my request. Turn up with a veil
and black bag. Dusk and the light behind her. She might be here with a ribbon
round her neck and do the other thing all the same on the sly. Their character.
That fellow that turned queen’s evidence on the invincibles he used to receive
the, Carey was his name, the communion every morning. This very church. Peter
Carey, yes. No, Peter Claver I am thinking of. Denis Carey. And just imagine
that. Wife and six children at home. And plotting that murder all the time.
Those crawthumpers, now that’s a good name for them, there’s always something
shiftylooking about them. They’re not straight men of business either. O, no,
she’s not here: the flower: no, no. By the way, did I tear up that envelope?
Yes: under the bridge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The priest was rinsing out the chalice: then he tossed off the dregs smartly.
Wine. Makes it more aristocratic than for example if he drank what they are
used to Guinness’s porter or some temperance beverage Wheatley’s Dublin hop
bitters or Cantrell and Cochrane’s ginger ale (aromatic). Doesn’t give them any
of it: shew wine: only the other. Cold comfort. Pious fraud but quite right:
otherwise they’d have one old booser worse than another coming along, cadging
for a drink. Queer the whole atmosphere of the. Quite right. Perfectly right
that is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom looked back towards the choir. Not going to be any music. Pity. Who
has the organ here I wonder? Old Glynn he knew how to make that instrument
talk, the <em>vibrato</em>: fifty pounds a year they say he had in Gardiner
street. Molly was in fine voice that day, the <em>Stabat Mater</em> of Rossini.
Father Bernard Vaughan’s sermon first. Christ or Pilate? Christ, but don’t keep
us all night over it. Music they wanted. Footdrill stopped. Could hear a pin
drop. I told her to pitch her voice against that corner. I could feel the
thrill in the air, the full, the people looking up:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Quis est homo.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some of that old sacred music splendid. Mercadante: seven last words. Mozart’s
twelfth mass: <em>Gloria</em> in that. Those old popes keen on music, on art and
statues and pictures of all kinds. Palestrina for example too. They had a gay
old time while it lasted. Healthy too, chanting, regular hours, then brew
liqueurs. Benedictine. Green Chartreuse. Still, having eunuchs in their choir
that was coming it a bit thick. What kind of voice is it? Must be curious to
hear after their own strong basses. Connoisseurs. Suppose they wouldn’t feel
anything after. Kind of a placid. No worry. Fall into flesh, don’t they?
Gluttons, tall, long legs. Who knows? Eunuch. One way out of it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He saw the priest bend down and kiss the altar and then face about and bless
all the people. All crossed themselves and stood up. Mr Bloom glanced about him
and then stood up, looking over the risen hats. Stand up at the gospel of
course. Then all settled down on their knees again and he sat back quietly in
his bench. The priest came down from the altar, holding the thing out from him,
and he and the massboy answered each other in Latin. Then the priest knelt down
and began to read off a card:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O God, our refuge and our strength...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom put his face forward to catch the words. English. Throw them the bone.
I remember slightly. How long since your last mass? Glorious and immaculate
virgin. Joseph, her spouse. Peter and Paul. More interesting if you understood
what it was all about. Wonderful organisation certainly, goes like clockwork.
Confession. Everyone wants to. Then I will tell you all. Penance. Punish me,
please. Great weapon in their hands. More than doctor or solicitor. Woman dying
to. And I schschschschschsch. And did you chachachachacha? And why did you?
Look down at her ring to find an excuse. Whispering gallery walls have ears.
Husband learn to his surprise. God’s little joke. Then out she comes.
Repentance skindeep. Lovely shame. Pray at an altar. Hail Mary and Holy Mary.
Flowers, incense, candles melting. Hide her blushes. Salvation army blatant
imitation. Reformed prostitute will address the meeting. How I found the Lord.
Squareheaded chaps those must be in Rome: they work the whole show. And don’t
they rake in the money too? Bequests also: to the P.P. for the time being in
his absolute discretion. Masses for the repose of my soul to be said publicly
with open doors. Monasteries and convents. The priest in that Fermanagh will
case in the witnessbox. No browbeating him. He had his answer pat for
everything. Liberty and exaltation of our holy mother the church. The doctors
of the church: they mapped out the whole theology of it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The priest prayed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Blessed Michael, archangel, defend us in the hour of conflict. Be our
safeguard against the wickedness and snares of the devil (may God restrain him,
we humbly pray!): and do thou, O prince of the heavenly host, by the power of
God thrust Satan down to hell and with him those other wicked spirits who
wander through the world for the ruin of souls.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The priest and the massboy stood up and walked off. All over. The women
remained behind: thanksgiving.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Better be shoving along. Brother Buzz. Come around with the plate perhaps. Pay
your Easter duty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stood up. Hello. Were those two buttons of my waistcoat open all the time?
Women enjoy it. Never tell you. But we. Excuse, miss, there’s a (whh!) just a
(whh!) fluff. Or their skirt behind, placket unhooked. Glimpses of the moon.
Annoyed if you don’t. Why didn’t you tell me before. Still like you better
untidy. Good job it wasn’t farther south. He passed, discreetly buttoning, down
the aisle and out through the main door into the light. He stood a moment
unseeing by the cold black marble bowl while before him and behind two
worshippers dipped furtive hands in the low tide of holy water. Trams: a car of
Prescott’s dyeworks: a widow in her weeds. Notice because I’m in mourning
myself. He covered himself. How goes the time? Quarter past. Time enough yet.
Better get that lotion made up. Where is this? Ah yes, the last time. Sweny’s
in Lincoln place. Chemists rarely move. Their green and gold beaconjars too
heavy to stir. Hamilton Long’s, founded in the year of the flood. Huguenot
churchyard near there. Visit some day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked southward along Westland row. But the recipe is in the other
trousers. O, and I forgot that latchkey too. Bore this funeral affair. O well,
poor fellow, it’s not his fault. When was it I got it made up last? Wait. I
changed a sovereign I remember. First of the month it must have been or the
second. O, he can look it up in the prescriptions book.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chemist turned back page after page. Sandy shrivelled smell he seems to
have. Shrunken skull. And old. Quest for the philosopher’s stone. The
alchemists. Drugs age you after mental excitement. Lethargy then. Why?
Reaction. A lifetime in a night. Gradually changes your character. Living all
the day among herbs, ointments, disinfectants. All his alabaster lilypots.
Mortar and pestle. Aq. Dist. Fol. Laur. Te Virid. Smell almost cure you like
the dentist’s doorbell. Doctor Whack. He ought to physic himself a bit.
Electuary or emulsion. The first fellow that picked an herb to cure himself had
a bit of pluck. Simples. Want to be careful. Enough stuff here to chloroform
you. Test: turns blue litmus paper red. Chloroform. Overdose of laudanum.
Sleeping draughts. Lovephiltres. Paragoric poppysyrup bad for cough. Clogs the
pores or the phlegm. Poisons the only cures. Remedy where you least expect it.
Clever of nature.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—About a fortnight ago, sir?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He waited by the counter, inhaling slowly the keen reek of drugs, the dusty dry
smell of sponges and loofahs. Lot of time taken up telling your aches and
pains.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sweet almond oil and tincture of benzoin, Mr Bloom said, and then
orangeflower water...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It certainly did make her skin so delicate white like wax.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And white wax also, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Brings out the darkness of her eyes. Looking at me, the sheet up to her eyes,
Spanish, smelling herself, when I was fixing the links in my cuffs. Those
homely recipes are often the best: strawberries for the teeth: nettles and
rainwater: oatmeal they say steeped in buttermilk. Skinfood. One of the old
queen’s sons, duke of Albany was it? had only one skin. Leopold, yes. Three we
have. Warts, bunions and pimples to make it worse. But you want a perfume too.
What perfume does your? <em>Peau d’Espagne</em>. That orangeflower water is so
fresh. Nice smell these soaps have. Pure curd soap. Time to get a bath round
the corner. Hammam. Turkish. Massage. Dirt gets rolled up in your navel. Nicer
if a nice girl did it. Also I think I. Yes I. Do it in the bath. Curious
longing I. Water to water. Combine business with pleasure. Pity no time for
massage. Feel fresh then all the day. Funeral be rather glum.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir, the chemist said. That was two and nine. Have you brought a
bottle?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said. Make it up, please. I’ll call later in the day and
I’ll take one of these soaps. How much are they?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Fourpence, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom raised a cake to his nostrils. Sweet lemony wax.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll take this one, he said. That makes three and a penny.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir, the chemist said. You can pay all together, sir, when you come
back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He strolled out of the shop, the newspaper baton under his armpit, the
coolwrappered soap in his left hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At his armpit Bantam Lyons’ voice and hand said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Bloom. What’s the best news? Is that today’s? Show us a minute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Shaved off his moustache again, by Jove! Long cold upper lip. To look younger.
He does look balmy. Younger than I am.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bantam Lyons’s yellow blacknailed fingers unrolled the baton. Wants a wash too.
Take off the rough dirt. Good morning, have you used Pears’ soap? Dandruff on
his shoulders. Scalp wants oiling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I want to see about that French horse that’s running today, Bantam Lyons
said. Where the bugger is it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He rustled the pleated pages, jerking his chin on his high collar. Barber’s
itch. Tight collar he’ll lose his hair. Better leave him the paper and get shut
of him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You can keep it, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ascot. Gold cup. Wait, Bantam Lyons muttered. Half a mo. Maximum the
second.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I was just going to throw it away, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bantam Lyons raised his eyes suddenly and leered weakly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s that? his sharp voice said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I say you can keep it, Mr Bloom answered. I was going to throw it away
that moment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bantam Lyons doubted an instant, leering: then thrust the outspread sheets back
on Mr Bloom’s arms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll risk it, he said. Here, thanks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He sped off towards Conway’s corner. God speed scut.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom folded the sheets again to a neat square and lodged the soap in it,
smiling. Silly lips of that chap. Betting. Regular hotbed of it lately.
Messenger boys stealing to put on sixpence. Raffle for large tender turkey.
Your Christmas dinner for threepence. Jack Fleming embezzling to gamble then
smuggled off to America. Keeps a hotel now. They never come back. Fleshpots of
Egypt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked cheerfully towards the mosque of the baths. Remind you of a mosque,
redbaked bricks, the minarets. College sports today I see. He eyed the
horseshoe poster over the gate of college park: cyclist doubled up like a cod
in a pot. Damn bad ad. Now if they had made it round like a wheel. Then the
spokes: sports, sports, sports: and the hub big: college. Something to catch
the eye.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There’s Hornblower standing at the porter’s lodge. Keep him on hands: might
take a turn in there on the nod. How do you do, Mr Hornblower? How do you do,
sir?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Heavenly weather really. If life was always like that. Cricket weather. Sit
around under sunshades. Over after over. Out. They can’t play it here. Duck for
six wickets. Still Captain Culler broke a window in the Kildare street club
with a slog to square leg. Donnybrook fair more in their line. And the skulls
we were acracking when M’Carthy took the floor. Heatwave. Won’t last. Always
passing, the stream of life, which in the stream of life we trace is dearer
than them all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Enjoy a bath now: clean trough of water, cool enamel, the gentle tepid stream.
This is my body.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He foresaw his pale body reclined in it at full, naked, in a womb of warmth,
oiled by scented melting soap, softly laved. He saw his trunk and limbs
riprippled over and sustained, buoyed lightly upward, lemonyellow: his navel,
bud of flesh: and saw the dark tangled curls of his bush floating, floating
hair of the stream around the limp father of thousands, a languid floating
flower.</p>
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</div>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-6.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-6.htm.html_pgepubid00009" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-6.htm.html_chap06"></span>[ 6 ]</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Martin Cunningham, first, poked his silkhatted head into the creaking carriage
and, entering deftly, seated himself. Mr Power stepped in after him, curving
his height with care.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come on, Simon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—After you, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus covered himself quickly and got in, saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are we all here now? Martin Cunningham asked. Come along, Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom entered and sat in the vacant place. He pulled the door to after him
and slammed it twice till it shut tight. He passed an arm through the armstrap
and looked seriously from the open carriagewindow at the lowered blinds of the
avenue. One dragged aside: an old woman peeping. Nose whiteflattened against
the pane. Thanking her stars she was passed over. Extraordinary the interest
they take in a corpse. Glad to see us go we give them such trouble coming. Job
seems to suit them. Huggermugger in corners. Slop about in slipperslappers for
fear he’d wake. Then getting it ready. Laying it out. Molly and Mrs Fleming
making the bed. Pull it more to your side. Our windingsheet. Never know who
will touch you dead. Wash and shampoo. I believe they clip the nails and the
hair. Keep a bit in an envelope. Grows all the same after. Unclean job.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All waited. Nothing was said. Stowing in the wreaths probably. I am sitting on
something hard. Ah, that soap: in my hip pocket. Better shift it out of that.
Wait for an opportunity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All waited. Then wheels were heard from in front, turning: then nearer: then
horses’ hoofs. A jolt. Their carriage began to move, creaking and swaying.
Other hoofs and creaking wheels started behind. The blinds of the avenue passed
and number nine with its craped knocker, door ajar. At walking pace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They waited still, their knees jogging, till they had turned and were passing
along the tramtracks. Tritonville road. Quicker. The wheels rattled rolling
over the cobbled causeway and the crazy glasses shook rattling in the
doorframes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What way is he taking us? Mr Power asked through both windows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Irishtown, Martin Cunningham said. Ringsend. Brunswick street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus nodded, looking out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s a fine old custom, he said. I am glad to see it has not died out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All watched awhile through their windows caps and hats lifted by passers.
Respect. The carriage swerved from the tramtrack to the smoother road past
Watery lane. Mr Bloom at gaze saw a lithe young man, clad in mourning, a wide
hat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There’s a friend of yours gone by, Dedalus, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who is that?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Your son and heir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where is he? Mr Dedalus said, stretching over across.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The carriage, passing the open drains and mounds of rippedup roadway before the
tenement houses, lurched round the corner and, swerving back to the tramtrack,
rolled on noisily with chattering wheels. Mr Dedalus fell back, saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Was that Mulligan cad with him? His <em>fidus Achates</em>!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said. He was alone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Down with his aunt Sally, I suppose, Mr Dedalus said, the Goulding
faction, the drunken little costdrawer and Crissie, papa’s little lump of dung,
the wise child that knows her own father.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom smiled joylessly on Ringsend road. Wallace Bros: the bottleworks:
Dodder bridge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Richie Goulding and the legal bag. Goulding, Collis and Ward he calls the firm.
His jokes are getting a bit damp. Great card he was. Waltzing in Stamer street
with Ignatius Gallaher on a Sunday morning, the landlady’s two hats pinned on
his head. Out on the rampage all night. Beginning to tell on him now: that
backache of his, I fear. Wife ironing his back. Thinks he’ll cure it with
pills. All breadcrumbs they are. About six hundred per cent profit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s in with a lowdown crowd, Mr Dedalus snarled. That Mulligan is a
contaminated bloody doubledyed ruffian by all accounts. His name stinks all
over Dublin. But with the help of God and His blessed mother I’ll make it my
business to write a letter one of those days to his mother or his aunt or
whatever she is that will open her eye as wide as a gate. I’ll tickle his
catastrophe, believe you me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He cried above the clatter of the wheels:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I won’t have her bastard of a nephew ruin my son. A counterjumper’s son.
Selling tapes in my cousin, Peter Paul M’Swiney’s. Not likely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He ceased. Mr Bloom glanced from his angry moustache to Mr Power’s mild face
and Martin Cunningham’s eyes and beard, gravely shaking. Noisy selfwilled man.
Full of his son. He is right. Something to hand on. If little Rudy had lived.
See him grow up. Hear his voice in the house. Walking beside Molly in an Eton
suit. My son. Me in his eyes. Strange feeling it would be. From me. Just a
chance. Must have been that morning in Raymond terrace she was at the window
watching the two dogs at it by the wall of the cease to do evil. And the
sergeant grinning up. She had that cream gown on with the rip she never
stitched. Give us a touch, Poldy. God, I’m dying for it. How life begins.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Got big then. Had to refuse the Greystones concert. My son inside her. I could
have helped him on in life. I could. Make him independent. Learn German too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are we late? Mr Power asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ten minutes, Martin Cunningham said, looking at his watch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Molly. Milly. Same thing watered down. Her tomboy oaths. O jumping Jupiter! Ye
gods and little fishes! Still, she’s a dear girl. Soon be a woman. Mullingar.
Dearest Papli. Young student. Yes, yes: a woman too. Life, life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The carriage heeled over and back, their four trunks swaying.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Corny might have given us a more commodious yoke, Mr Power said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He might, Mr Dedalus said, if he hadn’t that squint troubling him. Do
you follow me?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He closed his left eye. Martin Cunningham began to brush away crustcrumbs from
under his thighs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is this, he said, in the name of God? Crumbs?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Someone seems to have been making a picnic party here lately, Mr Power
said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All raised their thighs and eyed with disfavour the mildewed buttonless leather
of the seats. Mr Dedalus, twisting his nose, frowned downward and said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Unless I’m greatly mistaken. What do you think, Martin?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It struck me too, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom set his thigh down. Glad I took that bath. Feel my feet quite clean.
But I wish Mrs Fleming had darned these socks better.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus sighed resignedly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—After all, he said, it’s the most natural thing in the world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did Tom Kernan turn up? Martin Cunningham asked, twirling the peak of
his beard gently.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom answered. He’s behind with Ned Lambert and Hynes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And Corny Kelleher himself? Mr Power asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—At the cemetery, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I met M’Coy this morning, Mr Bloom said. He said he’d try to come.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The carriage halted short.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s wrong?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We’re stopped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where are we?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom put his head out of the window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The grand canal, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gasworks. Whooping cough they say it cures. Good job Milly never got it. Poor
children! Doubles them up black and blue in convulsions. Shame really. Got off
lightly with illnesses compared. Only measles. Flaxseed tea. Scarlatina,
influenza epidemics. Canvassing for death. Don’t miss this chance. Dogs’ home
over there. Poor old Athos! Be good to Athos, Leopold, is my last wish. Thy
will be done. We obey them in the grave. A dying scrawl. He took it to heart,
pined away. Quiet brute. Old men’s dogs usually are.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A raindrop spat on his hat. He drew back and saw an instant of shower spray
dots over the grey flags. Apart. Curious. Like through a colander. I thought it
would. My boots were creaking I remember now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The weather is changing, he said quietly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A pity it did not keep up fine, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wanted for the country, Mr Power said. There’s the sun again coming out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus, peering through his glasses towards the veiled sun, hurled a mute
curse at the sky.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s as uncertain as a child’s bottom, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We’re off again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The carriage turned again its stiff wheels and their trunks swayed gently.
Martin Cunningham twirled more quickly the peak of his beard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tom Kernan was immense last night, he said. And Paddy Leonard taking him
off to his face.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, draw him out, Martin, Mr Power said eagerly. Wait till you hear him,
Simon, on Ben Dollard’s singing of <em>The Croppy Boy</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Immense, Martin Cunningham said pompously. <em>His singing of that simple
ballad, Martin, is the most trenchant rendering I ever heard in the whole
course of my experience.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Trenchant, Mr Power said laughing. He’s dead nuts on that. And the
retrospective arrangement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did you read Dan Dawson’s speech? Martin Cunningham asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I did not then, Mr Dedalus said. Where is it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—In the paper this morning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom took the paper from his inside pocket. That book I must change for
her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, no, Mr Dedalus said quickly. Later on please.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom’s glance travelled down the edge of the paper, scanning the deaths:
Callan, Coleman, Dignam, Fawcett, Lowry, Naumann, Peake, what Peake is that? is
it the chap was in Crosbie and Alleyne’s? no, Sexton, Urbright. Inked
characters fast fading on the frayed breaking paper. Thanks to the Little
Flower. Sadly missed. To the inexpressible grief of his. Aged 88 after a long
and tedious illness. Month’s mind: Quinlan. On whose soul Sweet Jesus have
mercy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It is now a month since dear Henry fled<br/>To his home up above in the sky<br/>While his family weeps and mourns his loss<br/>Hoping some day to meet him on high.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I tore up the envelope? Yes. Where did I put her letter after I read it in the
bath? He patted his waistcoatpocket. There all right. Dear Henry fled. Before
my patience are exhausted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>National school. Meade’s yard. The hazard. Only two there now. Nodding. Full as
a tick. Too much bone in their skulls. The other trotting round with a fare. An
hour ago I was passing there. The jarvies raised their hats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A pointsman’s back straightened itself upright suddenly against a tramway
standard by Mr Bloom’s window. Couldn’t they invent something automatic so that
the wheel itself much handier? Well but that fellow would lose his job then?
Well but then another fellow would get a job making the new invention?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Antient concert rooms. Nothing on there. A man in a buff suit with a crape
armlet. Not much grief there. Quarter mourning. People in law perhaps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They went past the bleak pulpit of saint Mark’s, under the railway bridge, past
the Queen’s theatre: in silence. Hoardings: Eugene Stratton, Mrs Bandmann
Palmer. Could I go to see <em>Leah</em> tonight, I wonder. I said I. Or the
<em>Lily of Killarney</em>? Elster Grimes Opera Company. Big powerful change. Wet
bright bills for next week. <em>Fun on the Bristol</em>. Martin Cunningham could
work a pass for the Gaiety. Have to stand a drink or two. As broad as it’s
long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He’s coming in the afternoon. Her songs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Plasto’s. Sir Philip Crampton’s memorial fountain bust. Who was he?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How do you do? Martin Cunningham said, raising his palm to his brow in
salute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He doesn’t see us, Mr Power said. Yes, he does. How do you do?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who? Mr Dedalus asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Blazes Boylan, Mr Power said. There he is airing his quiff.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Just that moment I was thinking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus bent across to salute. From the door of the Red Bank the white disc
of a straw hat flashed reply: spruce figure: passed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom reviewed the nails of his left hand, then those of his right hand. The
nails, yes. Is there anything more in him that they she sees? Fascination.
Worst man in Dublin. That keeps him alive. They sometimes feel what a person
is. Instinct. But a type like that. My nails. I am just looking at them: well
pared. And after: thinking alone. Body getting a bit softy. I would notice
that: from remembering. What causes that? I suppose the skin can’t contract
quickly enough when the flesh falls off. But the shape is there. The shape is
there still. Shoulders. Hips. Plump. Night of the dance dressing. Shift stuck
between the cheeks behind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He clasped his hands between his knees and, satisfied, sent his vacant glance
over their faces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Power asked:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How is the concert tour getting on, Bloom?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, very well, Mr Bloom said. I hear great accounts of it. It’s a good
idea, you see...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you going yourself?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well no, Mr Bloom said. In point of fact I have to go down to the county
Clare on some private business. You see the idea is to tour the chief towns.
What you lose on one you can make up on the other.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Quite so, Martin Cunningham said. Mary Anderson is up there now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Have you good artists?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Louis Werner is touring her, Mr Bloom said. O yes, we’ll have all
topnobbers. J. C. Doyle and John MacCormack I hope and. The best, in fact.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And <em>Madame</em>, Mr Power said smiling. Last but not least.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom unclasped his hands in a gesture of soft politeness and clasped them.
Smith O’Brien. Someone has laid a bunch of flowers there. Woman. Must be his
deathday. For many happy returns. The carriage wheeling by Farrell’s statue
united noiselessly their unresisting knees.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Oot: a dullgarbed old man from the curbstone tendered his wares, his mouth
opening: oot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Four bootlaces for a penny.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wonder why he was struck off the rolls. Had his office in Hume street. Same
house as Molly’s namesake, Tweedy, crown solicitor for Waterford. Has that silk
hat ever since. Relics of old decency. Mourning too. Terrible comedown, poor
wretch! Kicked about like snuff at a wake. O’Callaghan on his last legs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And <em>Madame</em>. Twenty past eleven. Up. Mrs Fleming is in to clean. Doing
her hair, humming: <em>voglio e non vorrei</em>. No: <em>vorrei e non</em>. Looking
at the tips of her hairs to see if they are split. <em>Mi trema un poco il</em>.
Beautiful on that <em>tre</em> her voice is: weeping tone. A thrush. A throstle.
There is a word throstle that expresses that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His eyes passed lightly over Mr Power’s goodlooking face. Greyish over the
ears. <em>Madame</em>: smiling. I smiled back. A smile goes a long way. Only
politeness perhaps. Nice fellow. Who knows is that true about the woman he
keeps? Not pleasant for the wife. Yet they say, who was it told me, there is no
carnal. You would imagine that would get played out pretty quick. Yes, it was
Crofton met him one evening bringing her a pound of rumpsteak. What is this she
was? Barmaid in Jury’s. Or the Moira, was it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They passed under the hugecloaked Liberator’s form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Martin Cunningham nudged Mr Power.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Of the tribe of Reuben, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A tall blackbearded figure, bent on a stick, stumping round the corner of
Elvery’s Elephant house, showed them a curved hand open on his spine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—In all his pristine beauty, Mr Power said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus looked after the stumping figure and said mildly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The devil break the hasp of your back!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Power, collapsing in laughter, shaded his face from the window as the
carriage passed Gray’s statue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We have all been there, Martin Cunningham said broadly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His eyes met Mr Bloom’s eyes. He caressed his beard, adding:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, nearly all of us.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom began to speak with sudden eagerness to his companions’ faces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s an awfully good one that’s going the rounds about Reuben J and
the son.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—About the boatman? Mr Power asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes. Isn’t it awfully good?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is that? Mr Dedalus asked. I didn’t hear it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There was a girl in the case, Mr Bloom began, and he determined to send
him to the Isle of Man out of harm’s way but when they were both.....</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What? Mr Dedalus asked. That confirmed bloody hobbledehoy is it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said. They were both on the way to the boat and he tried
to drown.....</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Drown Barabbas! Mr Dedalus cried. I wish to Christ he did!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Power sent a long laugh down his shaded nostrils.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said, the son himself.....</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Martin Cunningham thwarted his speech rudely:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Reuben J and the son were piking it down the quay next the river on
their way to the Isle of Man boat and the young chiseller suddenly got loose
and over the wall with him into the Liffey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—For God’s sake! Mr Dedalus exclaimed in fright. Is he dead?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dead! Martin Cunningham cried. Not he! A boatman got a pole and fished
him out by the slack of the breeches and he was landed up to the father on the
quay more dead than alive. Half the town was there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said. But the funny part is.....</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And Reuben J, Martin Cunningham said, gave the boatman a florin for
saving his son’s life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A stifled sigh came from under Mr Power’s hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, he did, Martin Cunningham affirmed. Like a hero. A silver florin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Isn’t it awfully good? Mr Bloom said eagerly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—One and eightpence too much, Mr Dedalus said drily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Power’s choked laugh burst quietly in the carriage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nelson’s pillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Eight plums a penny! Eight for a penny!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We had better look a little serious, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus sighed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah then indeed, he said, poor little Paddy wouldn’t grudge us a laugh.
Many a good one he told himself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The Lord forgive me! Mr Power said, wiping his wet eyes with his
fingers. Poor Paddy! I little thought a week ago when I saw him last and he was
in his usual health that I’d be driving after him like this. He’s gone from us.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—As decent a little man as ever wore a hat, Mr Dedalus said. He went very
suddenly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Breakdown, Martin Cunningham said. Heart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He tapped his chest sadly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blazing face: redhot. Too much John Barleycorn. Cure for a red nose. Drink like
the devil till it turns adelite. A lot of money he spent colouring it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Power gazed at the passing houses with rueful apprehension.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He had a sudden death, poor fellow, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The best death, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Their wide open eyes looked at him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No suffering, he said. A moment and all is over. Like dying in sleep.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No-one spoke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dead side of the street this. Dull business by day, land agents, temperance
hotel, Falconer’s railway guide, civil service college, Gill’s, catholic club,
the industrious blind. Why? Some reason. Sun or wind. At night too. Chummies
and slaveys. Under the patronage of the late Father Mathew. Foundation stone
for Parnell. Breakdown. Heart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>White horses with white frontlet plumes came round the Rotunda corner,
galloping. A tiny coffin flashed by. In a hurry to bury. A mourning coach.
Unmarried. Black for the married. Piebald for bachelors. Dun for a nun.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sad, Martin Cunningham said. A child.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A dwarf’s face, mauve and wrinkled like little Rudy’s was. Dwarf’s body, weak
as putty, in a whitelined deal box. Burial friendly society pays. Penny a week
for a sod of turf. Our. Little. Beggar. Baby. Meant nothing. Mistake of nature.
If it’s healthy it’s from the mother. If not from the man. Better luck next
time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Poor little thing, Mr Dedalus said. It’s well out of it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The carriage climbed more slowly the hill of Rutland square. Rattle his bones.
Over the stones. Only a pauper. Nobody owns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—In the midst of life, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But the worst of all, Mr Power said, is the man who takes his own life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Martin Cunningham drew out his watch briskly, coughed and put it back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The greatest disgrace to have in the family, Mr Power added.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Temporary insanity, of course, Martin Cunningham said decisively. We
must take a charitable view of it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They say a man who does it is a coward, Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It is not for us to judge, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom, about to speak, closed his lips again. Martin Cunningham’s large
eyes. Looking away now. Sympathetic human man he is. Intelligent. Like
Shakespeare’s face. Always a good word to say. They have no mercy on that here
or infanticide. Refuse christian burial. They used to drive a stake of wood
through his heart in the grave. As if it wasn’t broken already. Yet sometimes
they repent too late. Found in the riverbed clutching rushes. He looked at me.
And that awful drunkard of a wife of his. Setting up house for her time after
time and then pawning the furniture on him every Saturday almost. Leading him
the life of the damned. Wear the heart out of a stone, that. Monday morning.
Start afresh. Shoulder to the wheel. Lord, she must have looked a sight that
night Dedalus told me he was in there. Drunk about the place and capering with
Martin’s umbrella.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And they call me the jewel of Asia,<br/>Of Asia,<br/>The geisha.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked away from me. He knows. Rattle his bones.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That afternoon of the inquest. The redlabelled bottle on the table. The room in
the hotel with hunting pictures. Stuffy it was. Sunlight through the slats of
the Venetian blind. The coroner’s sunlit ears, big and hairy. Boots giving
evidence. Thought he was asleep first. Then saw like yellow streaks on his
face. Had slipped down to the foot of the bed. Verdict: overdose. Death by
misadventure. The letter. For my son Leopold.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No more pain. Wake no more. Nobody owns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The carriage rattled swiftly along Blessington street. Over the stones.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We are going the pace, I think, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—God grant he doesn’t upset us on the road, Mr Power said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I hope not, Martin Cunningham said. That will be a great race tomorrow
in Germany. The Gordon Bennett.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, by Jove, Mr Dedalus said. That will be worth seeing, faith.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As they turned into Berkeley street a streetorgan near the Basin sent over and
after them a rollicking rattling song of the halls. Has anybody here seen
Kelly? Kay ee double ell wy. Dead March from <em>Saul.</em> He’s as bad as old
Antonio. He left me on my ownio. Pirouette! The <em>Mater Misericordiae</em>.
Eccles street. My house down there. Big place. Ward for incurables there. Very
encouraging. Our Lady’s Hospice for the dying. Deadhouse handy underneath.
Where old Mrs Riordan died. They look terrible the women. Her feeding cup and
rubbing her mouth with the spoon. Then the screen round her bed for her to die.
Nice young student that was dressed that bite the bee gave me. He’s gone over
to the lying-in hospital they told me. From one extreme to the other.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The carriage galloped round a corner: stopped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s wrong now?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A divided drove of branded cattle passed the windows, lowing, slouching by on
padded hoofs, whisking their tails slowly on their clotted bony croups. Outside
them and through them ran raddled sheep bleating their fear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Emigrants, Mr Power said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Huuuh! the drover’s voice cried, his switch sounding on their flanks.
Huuuh! out of that!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Thursday, of course. Tomorrow is killing day. Springers. Cuffe sold them about
twentyseven quid each. For Liverpool probably. Roastbeef for old England. They
buy up all the juicy ones. And then the fifth quarter lost: all that raw stuff,
hide, hair, horns. Comes to a big thing in a year. Dead meat trade. Byproducts
of the slaughterhouses for tanneries, soap, margarine. Wonder if that dodge
works now getting dicky meat off the train at Clonsilla.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The carriage moved on through the drove.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I can’t make out why the corporation doesn’t run a tramline from the
parkgate to the quays, Mr Bloom said. All those animals could be taken in
trucks down to the boats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Instead of blocking up the thoroughfare, Martin Cunningham said. Quite
right. They ought to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said, and another thing I often thought, is to have
municipal funeral trams like they have in Milan, you know. Run the line out to
the cemetery gates and have special trams, hearse and carriage and all. Don’t
you see what I mean?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, that be damned for a story, Mr Dedalus said. Pullman car and saloon
diningroom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A poor lookout for Corny, Mr Power added.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why? Mr Bloom asked, turning to Mr Dedalus. Wouldn’t it be more decent
than galloping two abreast?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, there’s something in that, Mr Dedalus granted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And, Martin Cunningham said, we wouldn’t have scenes like that when the
hearse capsized round Dunphy’s and upset the coffin on to the road.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That was terrible, Mr Power’s shocked face said, and the corpse fell
about the road. Terrible!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—First round Dunphy’s, Mr Dedalus said, nodding. Gordon Bennett cup.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Praises be to God! Martin Cunningham said piously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bom! Upset. A coffin bumped out on to the road. Burst open. Paddy Dignam shot
out and rolling over stiff in the dust in a brown habit too large for him. Red
face: grey now. Mouth fallen open. Asking what’s up now. Quite right to close
it. Looks horrid open. Then the insides decompose quickly. Much better to close
up all the orifices. Yes, also. With wax. The sphincter loose. Seal up all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dunphy’s, Mr Power announced as the carriage turned right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dunphy’s corner. Mourning coaches drawn up, drowning their grief. A pause by
the wayside. Tiptop position for a pub. Expect we’ll pull up here on the way
back to drink his health. Pass round the consolation. Elixir of life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But suppose now it did happen. Would he bleed if a nail say cut him in the
knocking about? He would and he wouldn’t, I suppose. Depends on where. The
circulation stops. Still some might ooze out of an artery. It would be better
to bury them in red: a dark red.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In silence they drove along Phibsborough road. An empty hearse trotted by,
coming from the cemetery: looks relieved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Crossguns bridge: the royal canal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Water rushed roaring through the sluices. A man stood on his dropping barge,
between clamps of turf. On the towpath by the lock a slacktethered horse.
Aboard of the <em>Bugabu.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Their eyes watched him. On the slow weedy waterway he had floated on his raft
coastward over Ireland drawn by a haulage rope past beds of reeds, over slime,
mudchoked bottles, carrion dogs. Athlone, Mullingar, Moyvalley, I could make a
walking tour to see Milly by the canal. Or cycle down. Hire some old crock,
safety. Wren had one the other day at the auction but a lady’s. Developing
waterways. James M’Cann’s hobby to row me o’er the ferry. Cheaper transit. By
easy stages. Houseboats. Camping out. Also hearses. To heaven by water. Perhaps
I will without writing. Come as a surprise, Leixlip, Clonsilla. Dropping down
lock by lock to Dublin. With turf from the midland bogs. Salute. He lifted his
brown straw hat, saluting Paddy Dignam.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They drove on past Brian Boroimhe house. Near it now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I wonder how is our friend Fogarty getting on, Mr Power said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Better ask Tom Kernan, Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How is that? Martin Cunningham said. Left him weeping, I suppose?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Though lost to sight, Mr Dedalus said, to memory dear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The carriage steered left for Finglas road.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The stonecutter’s yard on the right. Last lap. Crowded on the spit of land
silent shapes appeared, white, sorrowful, holding out calm hands, knelt in
grief, pointing. Fragments of shapes, hewn. In white silence: appealing. The
best obtainable. Thos. H. Dennany, monumental builder and sculptor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Passed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On the curbstone before Jimmy Geary, the sexton’s, an old tramp sat, grumbling,
emptying the dirt and stones out of his huge dustbrown yawning boot. After
life’s journey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gloomy gardens then went by: one by one: gloomy houses.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Power pointed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That is where Childs was murdered, he said. The last house.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—So it is, Mr Dedalus said. A gruesome case. Seymour Bushe got him off.
Murdered his brother. Or so they said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The crown had no evidence, Mr Power said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Only circumstantial, Martin Cunningham added. That’s the maxim of the
law. Better for ninetynine guilty to escape than for one innocent person to be
wrongfully condemned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They looked. Murderer’s ground. It passed darkly. Shuttered, tenantless,
unweeded garden. Whole place gone to hell. Wrongfully condemned. Murder. The
murderer’s image in the eye of the murdered. They love reading about it. Man’s
head found in a garden. Her clothing consisted of. How she met her death.
Recent outrage. The weapon used. Murderer is still at large. Clues. A shoelace.
The body to be exhumed. Murder will out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cramped in this carriage. She mightn’t like me to come that way without letting
her know. Must be careful about women. Catch them once with their pants down.
Never forgive you after. Fifteen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The high railings of Prospect rippled past their gaze. Dark poplars, rare white
forms. Forms more frequent, white shapes thronged amid the trees, white forms
and fragments streaming by mutely, sustaining vain gestures on the air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The felly harshed against the curbstone: stopped. Martin Cunningham put out his
arm and, wrenching back the handle, shoved the door open with his knee. He
stepped out. Mr Power and Mr Dedalus followed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Change that soap now. Mr Bloom’s hand unbuttoned his hip pocket swiftly and
transferred the paperstuck soap to his inner handkerchief pocket. He stepped
out of the carriage, replacing the newspaper his other hand still held.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Paltry funeral: coach and three carriages. It’s all the same. Pallbearers, gold
reins, requiem mass, firing a volley. Pomp of death. Beyond the hind carriage a
hawker stood by his barrow of cakes and fruit. Simnel cakes those are, stuck
together: cakes for the dead. Dogbiscuits. Who ate them? Mourners coming out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He followed his companions. Mr Kernan and Ned Lambert followed, Hynes walking
after them. Corny Kelleher stood by the opened hearse and took out the two
wreaths. He handed one to the boy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Where is that child’s funeral disappeared to?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A team of horses passed from Finglas with toiling plodding tread, dragging
through the funereal silence a creaking waggon on which lay a granite block.
The waggoner marching at their head saluted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Coffin now. Got here before us, dead as he is. Horse looking round at it with
his plume skeowways. Dull eye: collar tight on his neck, pressing on a
bloodvessel or something. Do they know what they cart out here every day? Must
be twenty or thirty funerals every day. Then Mount Jerome for the protestants.
Funerals all over the world everywhere every minute. Shovelling them under by
the cartload doublequick. Thousands every hour. Too many in the world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mourners came out through the gates: woman and a girl. Leanjawed harpy, hard
woman at a bargain, her bonnet awry. Girl’s face stained with dirt and tears,
holding the woman’s arm, looking up at her for a sign to cry. Fish’s face,
bloodless and livid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The mutes shouldered the coffin and bore it in through the gates. So much dead
weight. Felt heavier myself stepping out of that bath. First the stiff: then
the friends of the stiff. Corny Kelleher and the boy followed with their
wreaths. Who is that beside them? Ah, the brother-in-law.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All walked after.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Martin Cunningham whispered:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I was in mortal agony with you talking of suicide before Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What? Mr Power whispered. How so?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—His father poisoned himself, Martin Cunningham whispered. Had the
Queen’s hotel in Ennis. You heard him say he was going to Clare. Anniversary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O God! Mr Power whispered. First I heard of it. Poisoned himself?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He glanced behind him to where a face with dark thinking eyes followed towards
the cardinal’s mausoleum. Speaking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Was he insured? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I believe so, Mr Kernan answered. But the policy was heavily mortgaged.
Martin is trying to get the youngster into Artane.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How many children did he leave?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Five. Ned Lambert says he’ll try to get one of the girls into Todd’s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A sad case, Mr Bloom said gently. Five young children.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A great blow to the poor wife, Mr Kernan added.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Indeed yes, Mr Bloom agreed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Has the laugh at him now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked down at the boots he had blacked and polished. She had outlived him.
Lost her husband. More dead for her than for me. One must outlive the other.
Wise men say. There are more women than men in the world. Condole with her.
Your terrible loss. I hope you’ll soon follow him. For Hindu widows only. She
would marry another. Him? No. Yet who knows after. Widowhood not the thing
since the old queen died. Drawn on a guncarriage. Victoria and Albert. Frogmore
memorial mourning. But in the end she put a few violets in her bonnet. Vain in
her heart of hearts. All for a shadow. Consort not even a king. Her son was the
substance. Something new to hope for not like the past she wanted back,
waiting. It never comes. One must go first: alone, under the ground: and lie no
more in her warm bed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How are you, Simon? Ned Lambert said softly, clasping hands. Haven’t
seen you for a month of Sundays.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Never better. How are all in Cork’s own town?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I was down there for the Cork park races on Easter Monday, Ned Lambert
said. Same old six and eightpence. Stopped with Dick Tivy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And how is Dick, the solid man?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Nothing between himself and heaven, Ned Lambert answered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—By the holy Paul! Mr Dedalus said in subdued wonder. Dick Tivy bald?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Martin is going to get up a whip for the youngsters, Ned Lambert said,
pointing ahead. A few bob a skull. Just to keep them going till the insurance
is cleared up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, yes, Mr Dedalus said dubiously. Is that the eldest boy in front?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Ned Lambert said, with the wife’s brother. John Henry Menton is
behind. He put down his name for a quid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll engage he did, Mr Dedalus said. I often told poor Paddy he ought to
mind that job. John Henry is not the worst in the world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How did he lose it? Ned Lambert asked. Liquor, what?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Many a good man’s fault, Mr Dedalus said with a sigh.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They halted about the door of the mortuary chapel. Mr Bloom stood behind the
boy with the wreath looking down at his sleekcombed hair and at the slender
furrowed neck inside his brandnew collar. Poor boy! Was he there when the
father? Both unconscious. Lighten up at the last moment and recognise for the
last time. All he might have done. I owe three shillings to O’Grady. Would he
understand? The mutes bore the coffin into the chapel. Which end is his head?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After a moment he followed the others in, blinking in the screened light. The
coffin lay on its bier before the chancel, four tall yellow candles at its
corners. Always in front of us. Corny Kelleher, laying a wreath at each fore
corner, beckoned to the boy to kneel. The mourners knelt here and there in
prayingdesks. Mr Bloom stood behind near the font and, when all had knelt,
dropped carefully his unfolded newspaper from his pocket and knelt his right
knee upon it. He fitted his black hat gently on his left knee and, holding its
brim, bent over piously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A server bearing a brass bucket with something in it came out through a door.
The whitesmocked priest came after him, tidying his stole with one hand,
balancing with the other a little book against his toad’s belly. Who’ll read
the book? I, said the rook.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They halted by the bier and the priest began to read out of his book with a
fluent croak.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Coffey. I knew his name was like a coffin. <em>Dominenamine.</em> Bully
about the muzzle he looks. Bosses the show. Muscular christian. Woe betide
anyone that looks crooked at him: priest. Thou art Peter. Burst sideways like a
sheep in clover Dedalus says he will. With a belly on him like a poisoned pup.
Most amusing expressions that man finds. Hhhn: burst sideways.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Non intres in judicium cum servo tuo, Domine.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Makes them feel more important to be prayed over in Latin. Requiem mass. Crape
weepers. Blackedged notepaper. Your name on the altarlist. Chilly place this.
Want to feed well, sitting in there all the morning in the gloom kicking his
heels waiting for the next please. Eyes of a toad too. What swells him up that
way? Molly gets swelled after cabbage. Air of the place maybe. Looks full up of
bad gas. Must be an infernal lot of bad gas round the place. Butchers, for
instance: they get like raw beefsteaks. Who was telling me? Mervyn Browne. Down
in the vaults of saint Werburgh’s lovely old organ hundred and fifty they have
to bore a hole in the coffins sometimes to let out the bad gas and burn it. Out
it rushes: blue. One whiff of that and you’re a goner.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>My kneecap is hurting me. Ow. That’s better.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The priest took a stick with a knob at the end of it out of the boy’s bucket
and shook it over the coffin. Then he walked to the other end and shook it
again. Then he came back and put it back in the bucket. As you were before you
rested. It’s all written down: he has to do it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Et ne nos inducas in tentationem.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The server piped the answers in the treble. I often thought it would be better
to have boy servants. Up to fifteen or so. After that, of course ...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Holy water that was, I expect. Shaking sleep out of it. He must be fed up with
that job, shaking that thing over all the corpses they trot up. What harm if he
could see what he was shaking it over. Every mortal day a fresh batch:
middleaged men, old women, children, women dead in childbirth, men with beards,
baldheaded businessmen, consumptive girls with little sparrows’ breasts. All
the year round he prayed the same thing over them all and shook water on top of
them: sleep. On Dignam now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—In paradisum.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Said he was going to paradise or is in paradise. Says that over everybody.
Tiresome kind of a job. But he has to say something.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The priest closed his book and went off, followed by the server. Corny Kelleher
opened the sidedoors and the gravediggers came in, hoisted the coffin again,
carried it out and shoved it on their cart. Corny Kelleher gave one wreath to
the boy and one to the brother-in-law. All followed them out of the sidedoors
into the mild grey air. Mr Bloom came last folding his paper again into his
pocket. He gazed gravely at the ground till the coffincart wheeled off to the
left. The metal wheels ground the gravel with a sharp grating cry and the pack
of blunt boots followed the trundled barrow along a lane of sepulchres.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The ree the ra the ree the ra the roo. Lord, I mustn’t lilt here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The O’Connell circle, Mr Dedalus said about him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Power’s soft eyes went up to the apex of the lofty cone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s at rest, he said, in the middle of his people, old Dan O’. But his
heart is buried in Rome. How many broken hearts are buried here, Simon!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Her grave is over there, Jack, Mr Dedalus said. I’ll soon be stretched
beside her. Let Him take me whenever He likes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Breaking down, he began to weep to himself quietly, stumbling a little in his
walk. Mr Power took his arm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—She’s better where she is, he said kindly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I suppose so, Mr Dedalus said with a weak gasp. I suppose she is in
heaven if there is a heaven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Corny Kelleher stepped aside from his rank and allowed the mourners to plod by.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sad occasions, Mr Kernan began politely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom closed his eyes and sadly twice bowed his head.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The others are putting on their hats, Mr Kernan said. I suppose we can
do so too. We are the last. This cemetery is a treacherous place.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They covered their heads.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The reverend gentleman read the service too quickly, don’t you think? Mr
Kernan said with reproof.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom nodded gravely looking in the quick bloodshot eyes. Secret eyes,
secretsearching. Mason, I think: not sure. Beside him again. We are the last.
In the same boat. Hope he’ll say something else.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Kernan added:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The service of the Irish church used in Mount Jerome is simpler, more
impressive I must say.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom gave prudent assent. The language of course was another thing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Kernan said with solemnity:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>I am the resurrection and the life</em>. That touches a man’s inmost
heart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It does, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Your heart perhaps but what price the fellow in the six feet by two with his
toes to the daisies? No touching that. Seat of the affections. Broken heart. A
pump after all, pumping thousands of gallons of blood every day. One fine day
it gets bunged up: and there you are. Lots of them lying around here: lungs,
hearts, livers. Old rusty pumps: damn the thing else. The resurrection and the
life. Once you are dead you are dead. That last day idea. Knocking them all up
out of their graves. Come forth, Lazarus! And he came fifth and lost the job.
Get up! Last day! Then every fellow mousing around for his liver and his lights
and the rest of his traps. Find damn all of himself that morning. Pennyweight
of powder in a skull. Twelve grammes one pennyweight. Troy measure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Corny Kelleher fell into step at their side.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Everything went off A1, he said. What?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked on them from his drawling eye. Policeman’s shoulders. With your
tooraloom tooraloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—As it should be, Mr Kernan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What? Eh? Corny Kelleher said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Kernan assured him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who is that chap behind with Tom Kernan? John Henry Menton asked. I know
his face.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ned Lambert glanced back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bloom, he said, Madame Marion Tweedy that was, is, I mean, the soprano.
She’s his wife.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, to be sure, John Henry Menton said. I haven’t seen her for some time.
She was a finelooking woman. I danced with her, wait, fifteen seventeen golden
years ago, at Mat Dillon’s in Roundtown. And a good armful she was.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked behind through the others.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is he? he asked. What does he do? Wasn’t he in the stationery line?
I fell foul of him one evening, I remember, at bowls.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ned Lambert smiled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, he was, he said, in Wisdom Hely’s. A traveller for blottingpaper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—In God’s name, John Henry Menton said, what did she marry a coon like
that for? She had plenty of game in her then.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Has still, Ned Lambert said. He does some canvassing for ads.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Henry Menton’s large eyes stared ahead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The barrow turned into a side lane. A portly man, ambushed among the grasses,
raised his hat in homage. The gravediggers touched their caps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—John O’Connell, Mr Power said pleased. He never forgets a friend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr O’Connell shook all their hands in silence. Mr Dedalus said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I am come to pay you another visit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—My dear Simon, the caretaker answered in a low voice. I don’t want your
custom at all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Saluting Ned Lambert and John Henry Menton he walked on at Martin Cunningham’s
side puzzling two long keys at his back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did you hear that one, he asked them, about Mulcahy from the Coombe?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I did not, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They bent their silk hats in concert and Hynes inclined his ear. The caretaker
hung his thumbs in the loops of his gold watchchain and spoke in a discreet
tone to their vacant smiles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They tell the story, he said, that two drunks came out here one foggy
evening to look for the grave of a friend of theirs. They asked for Mulcahy
from the Coombe and were told where he was buried. After traipsing about in the
fog they found the grave sure enough. One of the drunks spelt out the name:
Terence Mulcahy. The other drunk was blinking up at a statue of Our Saviour the
widow had got put up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The caretaker blinked up at one of the sepulchres they passed. He resumed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And, after blinking up at the sacred figure, <em>Not a bloody bit like
the man</em>, says he. <em>That’s not Mulcahy</em>, says he, <em>whoever done
it</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rewarded by smiles he fell back and spoke with Corny Kelleher, accepting the
dockets given him, turning them over and scanning them as he walked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s all done with a purpose, Martin Cunningham explained to Hynes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know, Hynes said. I know that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—To cheer a fellow up, Martin Cunningham said. It’s pure goodheartedness:
damn the thing else.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom admired the caretaker’s prosperous bulk. All want to be on good terms
with him. Decent fellow, John O’Connell, real good sort. Keys: like Keyes’s ad:
no fear of anyone getting out. No passout checks. <em>Habeas corpus</em>. I must
see about that ad after the funeral. Did I write Ballsbridge on the envelope I
took to cover when she disturbed me writing to Martha? Hope it’s not chucked in
the dead letter office. Be the better of a shave. Grey sprouting beard. That’s
the first sign when the hairs come out grey. And temper getting cross. Silver
threads among the grey. Fancy being his wife. Wonder he had the gumption to
propose to any girl. Come out and live in the graveyard. Dangle that before
her. It might thrill her first. Courting death. Shades of night hovering here
with all the dead stretched about. The shadows of the tombs when churchyards
yawn and Daniel O’Connell must be a descendant I suppose who is this used to
say he was a queer breedy man great catholic all the same like a big giant in
the dark. Will o’ the wisp. Gas of graves. Want to keep her mind off it to
conceive at all. Women especially are so touchy. Tell her a ghost story in bed
to make her sleep. Have you ever seen a ghost? Well, I have. It was a pitchdark
night. The clock was on the stroke of twelve. Still they’d kiss all right if
properly keyed up. Whores in Turkish graveyards. Learn anything if taken young.
You might pick up a young widow here. Men like that. Love among the tombstones.
Romeo. Spice of pleasure. In the midst of death we are in life. Both ends meet.
Tantalising for the poor dead. Smell of grilled beefsteaks to the starving.
Gnawing their vitals. Desire to grig people. Molly wanting to do it at the
window. Eight children he has anyway.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He has seen a fair share go under in his time, lying around him field after
field. Holy fields. More room if they buried them standing. Sitting or kneeling
you couldn’t. Standing? His head might come up some day above ground in a
landslip with his hand pointing. All honeycombed the ground must be: oblong
cells. And very neat he keeps it too: trim grass and edgings. His garden Major
Gamble calls Mount Jerome. Well, so it is. Ought to be flowers of sleep.
Chinese cemeteries with giant poppies growing produce the best opium Mastiansky
told me. The Botanic Gardens are just over there. It’s the blood sinking in the
earth gives new life. Same idea those jews they said killed the christian boy.
Every man his price. Well preserved fat corpse, gentleman, epicure, invaluable
for fruit garden. A bargain. By carcass of William Wilkinson, auditor and
accountant, lately deceased, three pounds thirteen and six. With thanks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I daresay the soil would be quite fat with corpsemanure, bones, flesh, nails.
Charnelhouses. Dreadful. Turning green and pink decomposing. Rot quick in damp
earth. The lean old ones tougher. Then a kind of a tallowy kind of a cheesy.
Then begin to get black, black treacle oozing out of them. Then dried up.
Deathmoths. Of course the cells or whatever they are go on living. Changing
about. Live for ever practically. Nothing to feed on feed on themselves.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But they must breed a devil of a lot of maggots. Soil must be simply swirling
with them. Your head it simply swurls. Those pretty little seaside gurls. He
looks cheerful enough over it. Gives him a sense of power seeing all the others
go under first. Wonder how he looks at life. Cracking his jokes too: warms the
cockles of his heart. The one about the bulletin. Spurgeon went to heaven 4
a.m. this morning. 11 p.m. (closing time). Not arrived yet. Peter. The dead
themselves the men anyhow would like to hear an odd joke or the women to know
what’s in fashion. A juicy pear or ladies’ punch, hot, strong and sweet. Keep
out the damp. You must laugh sometimes so better do it that way. Gravediggers
in <em>Hamlet</em>. Shows the profound knowledge of the human heart. Daren’t joke
about the dead for two years at least. <em>De mortuis nil nisi prius</em>. Go out
of mourning first. Hard to imagine his funeral. Seems a sort of a joke. Read
your own obituary notice they say you live longer. Gives you second wind. New
lease of life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How many have you for tomorrow? the caretaker asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Two, Corny Kelleher said. Half ten and eleven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The caretaker put the papers in his pocket. The barrow had ceased to trundle.
The mourners split and moved to each side of the hole, stepping with care round
the graves. The gravediggers bore the coffin and set its nose on the brink,
looping the bands round it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Burying him. We come to bury Cæsar. His ides of March or June. He doesn’t know
who is here nor care. Now who is that lankylooking galoot over there in the
macintosh? Now who is he I’d like to know? Now I’d give a trifle to know who he
is. Always someone turns up you never dreamt of. A fellow could live on his
lonesome all his life. Yes, he could. Still he’d have to get someone to sod him
after he died though he could dig his own grave. We all do. Only man buries.
No, ants too. First thing strikes anybody. Bury the dead. Say Robinson Crusoe
was true to life. Well then Friday buried him. Every Friday buries a Thursday
if you come to look at it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, poor Robinson Crusoe!<br/>How could you possibly do so?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Poor Dignam! His last lie on the earth in his box. When you think of them all
it does seem a waste of wood. All gnawed through. They could invent a handsome
bier with a kind of panel sliding, let it down that way. Ay but they might
object to be buried out of another fellow’s. They’re so particular. Lay me in
my native earth. Bit of clay from the holy land. Only a mother and deadborn
child ever buried in the one coffin. I see what it means. I see. To protect him
as long as possible even in the earth. The Irishman’s house is his coffin.
Embalming in catacombs, mummies the same idea.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom stood far back, his hat in his hand, counting the bared heads. Twelve.
I’m thirteen. No. The chap in the macintosh is thirteen. Death’s number. Where
the deuce did he pop out of? He wasn’t in the chapel, that I’ll swear. Silly
superstition that about thirteen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nice soft tweed Ned Lambert has in that suit. Tinge of purple. I had one like
that when we lived in Lombard street west. Dressy fellow he was once. Used to
change three suits in the day. Must get that grey suit of mine turned by
Mesias. Hello. It’s dyed. His wife I forgot he’s not married or his landlady
ought to have picked out those threads for him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The coffin dived out of sight, eased down by the men straddled on the
gravetrestles. They struggled up and out: and all uncovered. Twenty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pause.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If we were all suddenly somebody else.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Far away a donkey brayed. Rain. No such ass. Never see a dead one, they say.
Shame of death. They hide. Also poor papa went away.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gentle sweet air blew round the bared heads in a whisper. Whisper. The boy by
the gravehead held his wreath with both hands staring quietly in the black open
space. Mr Bloom moved behind the portly kindly caretaker. Wellcut frockcoat.
Weighing them up perhaps to see which will go next. Well, it is a long rest.
Feel no more. It’s the moment you feel. Must be damned unpleasant. Can’t
believe it at first. Mistake must be: someone else. Try the house opposite.
Wait, I wanted to. I haven’t yet. Then darkened deathchamber. Light they want.
Whispering around you. Would you like to see a priest? Then rambling and
wandering. Delirium all you hid all your life. The death struggle. His sleep is
not natural. Press his lower eyelid. Watching is his nose pointed is his jaw
sinking are the soles of his feet yellow. Pull the pillow away and finish it
off on the floor since he’s doomed. Devil in that picture of sinner’s death
showing him a woman. Dying to embrace her in his shirt. Last act of <em>Lucia.
Shall I nevermore behold thee</em>? Bam! He expires. Gone at last. People talk
about you a bit: forget you. Don’t forget to pray for him. Remember him in your
prayers. Even Parnell. Ivy day dying out. Then they follow: dropping into a
hole, one after the other.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We are praying now for the repose of his soul. Hoping you’re well and not in
hell. Nice change of air. Out of the fryingpan of life into the fire of
purgatory.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Does he ever think of the hole waiting for himself? They say you do when you
shiver in the sun. Someone walking over it. Callboy’s warning. Near you. Mine
over there towards Finglas, the plot I bought. Mamma, poor mamma, and little
Rudy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The gravediggers took up their spades and flung heavy clods of clay in on the
coffin. Mr Bloom turned away his face. And if he was alive all the time? Whew!
By jingo, that would be awful! No, no: he is dead, of course. Of course he is
dead. Monday he died. They ought to have some law to pierce the heart and make
sure or an electric clock or a telephone in the coffin and some kind of a
canvas airhole. Flag of distress. Three days. Rather long to keep them in
summer. Just as well to get shut of them as soon as you are sure there’s no.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The clay fell softer. Begin to be forgotten. Out of sight, out of mind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The caretaker moved away a few paces and put on his hat. Had enough of it. The
mourners took heart of grace, one by one, covering themselves without show. Mr
Bloom put on his hat and saw the portly figure make its way deftly through the
maze of graves. Quietly, sure of his ground, he traversed the dismal fields.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hynes jotting down something in his notebook. Ah, the names. But he knows them
all. No: coming to me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I am just taking the names, Hynes said below his breath. What is your
christian name? I’m not sure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—L, Mr Bloom said. Leopold. And you might put down M’Coy’s name too. He
asked me to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Charley, Hynes said writing. I know. He was on the <em>Freeman</em> once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So he was before he got the job in the morgue under Louis Byrne. Good idea a
postmortem for doctors. Find out what they imagine they know. He died of a
Tuesday. Got the run. Levanted with the cash of a few ads. Charley, you’re my
darling. That was why he asked me to. O well, does no harm. I saw to that,
M’Coy. Thanks, old chap: much obliged. Leave him under an obligation: costs
nothing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And tell us, Hynes said, do you know that fellow in the, fellow was over
there in the...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked around.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Macintosh. Yes, I saw him, Mr Bloom said. Where is he now?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—M’Intosh, Hynes said scribbling. I don’t know who he is. Is that his
name?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He moved away, looking about him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Mr Bloom began, turning and stopping. I say, Hynes!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Didn’t hear. What? Where has he disappeared to? Not a sign. Well of all the.
Has anybody here seen? Kay ee double ell. Become invisible. Good Lord, what
became of him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A seventh gravedigger came beside Mr Bloom to take up an idle spade.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, excuse me!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stepped aside nimbly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Clay, brown, damp, began to be seen in the hole. It rose. Nearly over. A mound
of damp clods rose more, rose, and the gravediggers rested their spades. All
uncovered again for a few instants. The boy propped his wreath against a
corner: the brother-in-law his on a lump. The gravediggers put on their caps
and carried their earthy spades towards the barrow. Then knocked the blades
lightly on the turf: clean. One bent to pluck from the haft a long tuft of
grass. One, leaving his mates, walked slowly on with shouldered weapon, its
blade blueglancing. Silently at the gravehead another coiled the coffinband.
His navelcord. The brother-in-law, turning away, placed something in his free
hand. Thanks in silence. Sorry, sir: trouble. Headshake. I know that. For
yourselves just.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The mourners moved away slowly without aim, by devious paths, staying at whiles
to read a name on a tomb.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Let us go round by the chief’s grave, Hynes said. We have time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Let us, Mr Power said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They turned to the right, following their slow thoughts. With awe Mr Power’s
blank voice spoke:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Some say he is not in that grave at all. That the coffin was filled with
stones. That one day he will come again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hynes shook his head.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Parnell will never come again, he said. He’s there, all that was mortal
of him. Peace to his ashes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom walked unheeded along his grove by saddened angels, crosses, broken
pillars, family vaults, stone hopes praying with upcast eyes, old Ireland’s
hearts and hands. More sensible to spend the money on some charity for the
living. Pray for the repose of the soul of. Does anybody really? Plant him and
have done with him. Like down a coalshoot. Then lump them together to save
time. All souls’ day. Twentyseventh I’ll be at his grave. Ten shillings for the
gardener. He keeps it free of weeds. Old man himself. Bent down double with his
shears clipping. Near death’s door. Who passed away. Who departed this life. As
if they did it of their own accord. Got the shove, all of them. Who kicked the
bucket. More interesting if they told you what they were. So and So,
wheelwright. I travelled for cork lino. I paid five shillings in the pound. Or
a woman’s with her saucepan. I cooked good Irish stew. Eulogy in a country
churchyard it ought to be that poem of whose is it Wordsworth or Thomas
Campbell. Entered into rest the protestants put it. Old Dr Murren’s. The great
physician called him home. Well it’s God’s acre for them. Nice country
residence. Newly plastered and painted. Ideal spot to have a quiet smoke and
read the <em>Church Times.</em> Marriage ads they never try to beautify. Rusty
wreaths hung on knobs, garlands of bronzefoil. Better value that for the money.
Still, the flowers are more poetical. The other gets rather tiresome, never
withering. Expresses nothing. Immortelles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A bird sat tamely perched on a poplar branch. Like stuffed. Like the wedding
present alderman Hooper gave us. Hoo! Not a budge out of him. Knows there are
no catapults to let fly at him. Dead animal even sadder. Silly-Milly burying
the little dead bird in the kitchen matchbox, a daisychain and bits of broken
chainies on the grave.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Sacred Heart that is: showing it. Heart on his sleeve. Ought to be sideways
and red it should be painted like a real heart. Ireland was dedicated to it or
whatever that. Seems anything but pleased. Why this infliction? Would birds
come then and peck like the boy with the basket of fruit but he said no because
they ought to have been afraid of the boy. Apollo that was.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How many! All these here once walked round Dublin. Faithful departed. As you
are now so once were we.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Besides how could you remember everybody? Eyes, walk, voice. Well, the voice,
yes: gramophone. Have a gramophone in every grave or keep it in the house.
After dinner on a Sunday. Put on poor old greatgrandfather. Kraahraark!
Hellohellohello amawfullyglad kraark awfullygladaseeagain hellohello amawf
krpthsth. Remind you of the voice like the photograph reminds you of the face.
Otherwise you couldn’t remember the face after fifteen years, say. For instance
who? For instance some fellow that died when I was in Wisdom Hely’s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rtststr! A rattle of pebbles. Wait. Stop!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked down intently into a stone crypt. Some animal. Wait. There he goes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An obese grey rat toddled along the side of the crypt, moving the pebbles. An
old stager: greatgrandfather: he knows the ropes. The grey alive crushed itself
in under the plinth, wriggled itself in under it. Good hidingplace for
treasure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Who lives there? Are laid the remains of Robert Emery. Robert Emmet was buried
here by torchlight, wasn’t he? Making his rounds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tail gone now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One of those chaps would make short work of a fellow. Pick the bones clean no
matter who it was. Ordinary meat for them. A corpse is meat gone bad. Well and
what’s cheese? Corpse of milk. I read in that <em>Voyages in China</em> that the
Chinese say a white man smells like a corpse. Cremation better. Priests dead
against it. Devilling for the other firm. Wholesale burners and Dutch oven
dealers. Time of the plague. Quicklime feverpits to eat them. Lethal chamber.
Ashes to ashes. Or bury at sea. Where is that Parsee tower of silence? Eaten by
birds. Earth, fire, water. Drowning they say is the pleasantest. See your whole
life in a flash. But being brought back to life no. Can’t bury in the air
however. Out of a flying machine. Wonder does the news go about whenever a
fresh one is let down. Underground communication. We learned that from them.
Wouldn’t be surprised. Regular square feed for them. Flies come before he’s
well dead. Got wind of Dignam. They wouldn’t care about the smell of it.
Saltwhite crumbling mush of corpse: smell, taste like raw white turnips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The gates glimmered in front: still open. Back to the world again. Enough of
this place. Brings you a bit nearer every time. Last time I was here was Mrs
Sinico’s funeral. Poor papa too. The love that kills. And even scraping up the
earth at night with a lantern like that case I read of to get at fresh buried
females or even putrefied with running gravesores. Give you the creeps after a
bit. I will appear to you after death. You will see my ghost after death. My
ghost will haunt you after death. There is another world after death named
hell. I do not like that other world she wrote. No more do I. Plenty to see and
hear and feel yet. Feel live warm beings near you. Let them sleep in their
maggoty beds. They are not going to get me this innings. Warm beds: warm
fullblooded life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Martin Cunningham emerged from a sidepath, talking gravely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Solicitor, I think. I know his face. Menton, John Henry, solicitor,
commissioner for oaths and affidavits. Dignam used to be in his office. Mat
Dillon’s long ago. Jolly Mat. Convivial evenings. Cold fowl, cigars, the
Tantalus glasses. Heart of gold really. Yes, Menton. Got his rag out that
evening on the bowlinggreen because I sailed inside him. Pure fluke of mine:
the bias. Why he took such a rooted dislike to me. Hate at first sight. Molly
and Floey Dillon linked under the lilactree, laughing. Fellow always like that,
mortified if women are by.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Got a dinge in the side of his hat. Carriage probably.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Excuse me, sir, Mr Bloom said beside them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They stopped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Your hat is a little crushed, Mr Bloom said pointing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Henry Menton stared at him for an instant without moving.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There, Martin Cunningham helped, pointing also.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Henry Menton took off his hat, bulged out the dinge and smoothed the nap
with care on his coatsleeve. He clapped the hat on his head again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s all right now, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Henry Menton jerked his head down in acknowledgment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thank you, he said shortly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They walked on towards the gates. Mr Bloom, chapfallen, drew behind a few paces
so as not to overhear. Martin laying down the law. Martin could wind a
sappyhead like that round his little finger, without his seeing it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Oyster eyes. Never mind. Be sorry after perhaps when it dawns on him. Get the
pull over him that way.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Thank you. How grand we are this morning!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00010" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_chap07"></span>[ 7 ]</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00011"><strong>IN THE HEART OF THE HIBERNIAN METROPOLIS</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Before Nelson’s pillar trams slowed, shunted, changed trolley, started for
Blackrock, Kingstown and Dalkey, Clonskea, Rathgar and Terenure, Palmerston
Park and upper Rathmines, Sandymount Green, Rathmines, Ringsend and Sandymount
Tower, Harold’s Cross. The hoarse Dublin United Tramway Company’s timekeeper
bawled them off:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Rathgar and Terenure!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come on, Sandymount Green!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Right and left parallel clanging ringing a doubledecker and a singledeck moved
from their railheads, swerved to the down line, glided parallel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Start, Palmerston Park!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00012"><strong>THE WEARER OF THE CROWN</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Under the porch of the general post office shoeblacks called and polished.
Parked in North Prince’s street His Majesty’s vermilion mailcars, bearing on
their sides the royal initials, E. R., received loudly flung sacks of letters,
postcards, lettercards, parcels, insured and paid, for local, provincial,
British and overseas delivery.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00013"><strong>GENTLEMEN OF THE PRESS</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Grossbooted draymen rolled barrels dullthudding out of Prince’s stores and
bumped them up on the brewery float. On the brewery float bumped dullthudding
barrels rolled by grossbooted draymen out of Prince’s stores.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There it is, Red Murray said. Alexander Keyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Just cut it out, will you? Mr Bloom said, and I’ll take it round to the
<em>Telegraph</em> office.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The door of Ruttledge’s office creaked again. Davy Stephens, minute in a large
capecoat, a small felt hat crowning his ringlets, passed out with a roll of
papers under his cape, a king’s courier.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Red Murray’s long shears sliced out the advertisement from the newspaper in
four clean strokes. Scissors and paste.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll go through the printingworks, Mr Bloom said, taking the cut square.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Of course, if he wants a par, Red Murray said earnestly, a pen behind
his ear, we can do him one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Right, Mr Bloom said with a nod. I’ll rub that in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00014"><strong>WILLIAM BRAYDEN, ESQUIRE, OF OAKLANDS, SANDYMOUNT</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Red Murray touched Mr Bloom’s arm with the shears and whispered:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Brayden.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom turned and saw the liveried porter raise his lettered cap as a stately
figure entered between the newsboards of the <em>Weekly Freeman and National
Press</em> and the <em>Freeman’s Journal and National Press</em>. Dullthudding
Guinness’s barrels. It passed statelily up the staircase, steered by an
umbrella, a solemn beardframed face. The broadcloth back ascended each step:
back. All his brains are in the nape of his neck, Simon Dedalus says. Welts of
flesh behind on him. Fat folds of neck, fat, neck, fat, neck.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Don’t you think his face is like Our Saviour? Red Murray whispered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The door of Ruttledge’s office whispered: ee: cree. They always build one door
opposite another for the wind to. Way in. Way out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Our Saviour: beardframed oval face: talking in the dusk. Mary, Martha. Steered
by an umbrella sword to the footlights: Mario the tenor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Or like Mario, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Red Murray agreed. But Mario was said to be the picture of Our
Saviour.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jesusmario with rougy cheeks, doublet and spindle legs. Hand on his heart. In
<em>Martha.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Co-ome thou lost one,<br/>Co-ome thou dear one!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00015"><strong>THE CROZIER AND THE PEN</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—His grace phoned down twice this morning, Red Murray said gravely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They watched the knees, legs, boots vanish. Neck.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A telegram boy stepped in nimbly, threw an envelope on the counter and stepped
off posthaste with a word:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Freeman!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom said slowly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, he is one of our saviours also.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A meek smile accompanied him as he lifted the counterflap, as he passed in
through a sidedoor and along the warm dark stairs and passage, along the now
reverberating boards. But will he save the circulation? Thumping. Thumping.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He pushed in the glass swingdoor and entered, stepping over strewn packing
paper. Through a lane of clanking drums he made his way towards Nannetti’s
reading closet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00016"><strong>WITH UNFEIGNED REGRET IT IS WE ANNOUNCE THE DISSOLUTION OF A MOST RESPECTED
DUBLIN BURGESS</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hynes here too: account of the funeral probably. Thumping. Thump. This morning
the remains of the late Mr Patrick Dignam. Machines. Smash a man to atoms if
they got him caught. Rule the world today. His machineries are pegging away
too. Like these, got out of hand: fermenting. Working away, tearing away. And
that old grey rat tearing to get in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00017"><strong>HOW A GREAT DAILY ORGAN IS TURNED OUT</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom halted behind the foreman’s spare body, admiring a glossy crown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Strange he never saw his real country. Ireland my country. Member for College
green. He boomed that workaday worker tack for all it was worth. It’s the ads
and side features sell a weekly, not the stale news in the official gazette.
Queen Anne is dead. Published by authority in the year one thousand and.
Demesne situate in the townland of Rosenallis, barony of Tinnahinch. To all
whom it may concern schedule pursuant to statute showing return of number of
mules and jennets exported from Ballina. Nature notes. Cartoons. Phil Blake’s
weekly Pat and Bull story. Uncle Toby’s page for tiny tots. Country bumpkin’s
queries. Dear Mr Editor, what is a good cure for flatulence? I’d like that
part. Learn a lot teaching others. The personal note. M. A. P. Mainly all
pictures. Shapely bathers on golden strand. World’s biggest balloon. Double
marriage of sisters celebrated. Two bridegrooms laughing heartily at each
other. Cuprani too, printer. More Irish than the Irish.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The machines clanked in threefour time. Thump, thump, thump. Now if he got
paralysed there and no-one knew how to stop them they’d clank on and on the
same, print it over and over and up and back. Monkeydoodle the whole thing.
Want a cool head.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, get it into the evening edition, councillor, Hynes said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Soon be calling him my lord mayor. Long John is backing him, they say.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The foreman, without answering, scribbled press on a corner of the sheet and
made a sign to a typesetter. He handed the sheet silently over the dirty glass
screen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Right: thanks, Hynes said moving off.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom stood in his way.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—If you want to draw the cashier is just going to lunch, he said,
pointing backward with his thumb.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did you? Hynes asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mm, Mr Bloom said. Look sharp and you’ll catch him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thanks, old man, Hynes said. I’ll tap him too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He hurried on eagerly towards the <em>Freeman’s Journal</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Three bob I lent him in Meagher’s. Three weeks. Third hint.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00018"><strong>WE SEE THE CANVASSER AT WORK</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom laid his cutting on Mr Nannetti’s desk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Excuse me, councillor, he said. This ad, you see. Keyes, you remember?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Nannetti considered the cutting awhile and nodded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He wants it in for July, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The foreman moved his pencil towards it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But wait, Mr Bloom said. He wants it changed. Keyes, you see. He wants
two keys at the top.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hell of a racket they make. He doesn’t hear it. Nannan. Iron nerves. Maybe he
understands what I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The foreman turned round to hear patiently and, lifting an elbow, began to
scratch slowly in the armpit of his alpaca jacket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Like that, Mr Bloom said, crossing his forefingers at the top.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Let him take that in first.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom, glancing sideways up from the cross he had made, saw the foreman’s
sallow face, think he has a touch of jaundice, and beyond the obedient reels
feeding in huge webs of paper. Clank it. Clank it. Miles of it unreeled. What
becomes of it after? O, wrap up meat, parcels: various uses, thousand and one
things.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Slipping his words deftly into the pauses of the clanking he drew swiftly on
the scarred woodwork.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00019"><strong>HOUSE OF KEY(E)S</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Like that, see. Two crossed keys here. A circle. Then here the name.
Alexander Keyes, tea, wine and spirit merchant. So on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Better not teach him his own business.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You know yourself, councillor, just what he wants. Then round the top in
leaded: the house of keys. You see? Do you think that’s a good idea?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The foreman moved his scratching hand to his lower ribs and scratched there
quietly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The idea, Mr Bloom said, is the house of keys. You know, councillor, the
Manx parliament. Innuendo of home rule. Tourists, you know, from the isle of
Man. Catches the eye, you see. Can you do that?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I could ask him perhaps about how to pronounce that <em>voglio.</em> But then if
he didn’t know only make it awkward for him. Better not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We can do that, the foreman said. Have you the design?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I can get it, Mr Bloom said. It was in a Kilkenny paper. He has a house
there too. I’ll just run out and ask him. Well, you can do that and just a
little par calling attention. You know the usual. Highclass licensed premises.
Longfelt want. So on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The foreman thought for an instant.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We can do that, he said. Let him give us a three months’ renewal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A typesetter brought him a limp galleypage. He began to check it silently. Mr
Bloom stood by, hearing the loud throbs of cranks, watching the silent
typesetters at their cases.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00020"><strong>ORTHOGRAPHICAL</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Want to be sure of his spelling. Proof fever. Martin Cunningham forgot to give
us his spellingbee conundrum this morning. It is amusing to view the unpar one
ar alleled embarra two ars is it? double ess ment of a harassed pedlar while
gauging au the symmetry with a y of a peeled pear under a cemetery wall. Silly,
isn’t it? Cemetery put in of course on account of the symmetry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I should have said when he clapped on his topper. Thank you. I ought to have
said something about an old hat or something. No. I could have said. Looks as
good as new now. See his phiz then.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sllt. The nethermost deck of the first machine jogged forward its flyboard with
sllt the first batch of quirefolded papers. Sllt. Almost human the way it sllt
to call attention. Doing its level best to speak. That door too sllt creaking,
asking to be shut. Everything speaks in its own way. Sllt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00021"><strong>NOTED CHURCHMAN AN OCCASIONAL CONTRIBUTOR</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The foreman handed back the galleypage suddenly, saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wait. Where’s the archbishop’s letter? It’s to be repeated in the
<em>Telegraph.</em> Where’s what’s his name?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked about him round his loud unanswering machines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Monks, sir? a voice asked from the castingbox.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay. Where’s Monks?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Monks!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom took up his cutting. Time to get out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Then I’ll get the design, Mr Nannetti, he said, and you’ll give it a
good place I know.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Monks!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Three months’ renewal. Want to get some wind off my chest first. Try it anyhow.
Rub in August: good idea: horseshow month. Ballsbridge. Tourists over for the
show.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00022"><strong>A DAYFATHER</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked on through the caseroom passing an old man, bowed, spectacled,
aproned. Old Monks, the dayfather. Queer lot of stuff he must have put through
his hands in his time: obituary notices, pubs’ ads, speeches, divorce suits,
found drowned. Nearing the end of his tether now. Sober serious man with a bit
in the savingsbank I’d say. Wife a good cook and washer. Daughter working the
machine in the parlour. Plain Jane, no damn nonsense.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00023"><strong>AND IT WAS THE FEAST OF THE PASSOVER</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stayed in his walk to watch a typesetter neatly distributing type. Reads it
backwards first. Quickly he does it. Must require some practice that. mangiD
kcirtaP. Poor papa with his hagadah book, reading backwards with his finger to
me. Pessach. Next year in Jerusalem. Dear, O dear! All that long business about
that brought us out of the land of Egypt and into the house of bondage
<em>alleluia. Shema Israel Adonai Elohenu</em>. No, that’s the other. Then the
twelve brothers, Jacob’s sons. And then the lamb and the cat and the dog and
the stick and the water and the butcher. And then the angel of death kills the
butcher and he kills the ox and the dog kills the cat. Sounds a bit silly till
you come to look into it well. Justice it means but it’s everybody eating
everyone else. That’s what life is after all. How quickly he does that job.
Practice makes perfect. Seems to see with his fingers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom passed on out of the clanking noises through the gallery on to the
landing. Now am I going to tram it out all the way and then catch him out
perhaps. Better phone him up first. Number? Yes. Same as Citron’s house.
Twentyeight. Twentyeight double four.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00024"><strong>ONLY ONCE MORE THAT SOAP</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went down the house staircase. Who the deuce scrawled all over those walls
with matches? Looks as if they did it for a bet. Heavy greasy smell there
always is in those works. Lukewarm glue in Thom’s next door when I was there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He took out his handkerchief to dab his nose. Citronlemon? Ah, the soap I put
there. Lose it out of that pocket. Putting back his handkerchief he took out
the soap and stowed it away, buttoned, into the hip pocket of his trousers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What perfume does your wife use? I could go home still: tram: something I
forgot. Just to see: before: dressing. No. Here. No.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A sudden screech of laughter came from the <em>Evening Telegraph</em> office.
Know who that is. What’s up? Pop in a minute to phone. Ned Lambert it is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He entered softly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00025"><strong>ERIN, GREEN GEM OF THE SILVER SEA</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The ghost walks, professor MacHugh murmured softly, biscuitfully to the
dusty windowpane.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus, staring from the empty fireplace at Ned Lambert’s quizzing face,
asked of it sourly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Agonising Christ, wouldn’t it give you a heartburn on your arse?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ned Lambert, seated on the table, read on:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Or again, note the meanderings of some purling rill as it babbles on
its way, tho’ quarrelling with the stony obstacles, to the tumbling waters of
Neptune’s blue domain, ’mid mossy banks, fanned by gentlest zephyrs, played on
by the glorious sunlight or ’neath the shadows cast o’er its pensive bosom by
the overarching leafage of the giants of the forest</em>. What about that,
Simon? he asked over the fringe of his newspaper. How’s that for high?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Changing his drink, Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ned Lambert, laughing, struck the newspaper on his knees, repeating:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>The pensive bosom and the overarsing leafage</em>. O boys! O boys!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And Xenophon looked upon Marathon, Mr Dedalus said, looking again on the
fireplace and to the window, and Marathon looked on the sea.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That will do, professor MacHugh cried from the window. I don’t want to
hear any more of the stuff.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He ate off the crescent of water biscuit he had been nibbling and, hungered,
made ready to nibble the biscuit in his other hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>High falutin stuff. Bladderbags. Ned Lambert is taking a day off I see. Rather
upsets a man’s day, a funeral does. He has influence they say. Old Chatterton,
the vicechancellor, is his granduncle or his greatgranduncle. Close on ninety
they say. Subleader for his death written this long time perhaps. Living to
spite them. Might go first himself. Johnny, make room for your uncle. The right
honourable Hedges Eyre Chatterton. Daresay he writes him an odd shaky cheque or
two on gale days. Windfall when he kicks out. Alleluia.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Just another spasm, Ned Lambert said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is it? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A recently discovered fragment of Cicero, professor MacHugh answered
with pomp of tone. <em>Our lovely land</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00026"><strong>SHORT BUT TO THE POINT</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Whose land? Mr Bloom said simply.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Most pertinent question, the professor said between his chews. With an
accent on the whose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dan Dawson’s land Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is it his speech last night? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ned Lambert nodded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But listen to this, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The doorknob hit Mr Bloom in the small of the back as the door was pushed in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Excuse me, J. J. O’Molloy said, entering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom moved nimbly aside.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I beg yours, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good day, Jack.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come in. Come in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How are you, Dedalus?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well. And yourself?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy shook his head.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00027"><strong>SAD</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cleverest fellow at the junior bar he used to be. Decline, poor chap. That
hectic flush spells finis for a man. Touch and go with him. What’s in the wind,
I wonder. Money worry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Or again if we but climb the serried mountain peaks.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You’re looking extra.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is the editor to be seen? J. J. O’Molloy asked, looking towards the
inner door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Very much so, professor MacHugh said. To be seen and heard. He’s in his
sanctum with Lenehan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy strolled to the sloping desk and began to turn back the pink
pages of the file.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Practice dwindling. A mighthavebeen. Losing heart. Gambling. Debts of honour.
Reaping the whirlwind. Used to get good retainers from D. and T. Fitzgerald.
Their wigs to show the grey matter. Brains on their sleeve like the statue in
Glasnevin. Believe he does some literary work for the <em>Express</em> with
Gabriel Conroy. Wellread fellow. Myles Crawford began on the
<em>Independent.</em> Funny the way those newspaper men veer about when they get
wind of a new opening. Weathercocks. Hot and cold in the same breath. Wouldn’t
know which to believe. One story good till you hear the next. Go for one
another baldheaded in the papers and then all blows over. Hail fellow well met
the next moment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah, listen to this for God’ sake, Ned Lambert pleaded. <em>Or again if we
but climb the serried mountain peaks...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bombast! the professor broke in testily. Enough of the inflated windbag!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Peaks</em>, Ned Lambert went on, <em>towering high on high, to bathe
our souls, as it were...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bathe his lips, Mr Dedalus said. Blessed and eternal God! Yes? Is he
taking anything for it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—As ’twere, in the peerless panorama of Ireland’s portfolio,
unmatched, despite their wellpraised prototypes in other vaunted prize regions,
for very beauty, of bosky grove and undulating plain and luscious pastureland
of vernal green, steeped in the transcendent translucent glow of our mild
mysterious Irish twilight...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00028"><strong>HIS NATIVE DORIC</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The moon, professor MacHugh said. He forgot Hamlet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—That mantles the vista far and wide and wait till the glowing orb of
the moon shine forth to irradiate her silver effulgence...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O! Mr Dedalus cried, giving vent to a hopeless groan. Shite and onions!
That’ll do, Ned. Life is too short.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He took off his silk hat and, blowing out impatiently his bushy moustache,
welshcombed his hair with raking fingers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ned Lambert tossed the newspaper aside, chuckling with delight. An instant
after a hoarse bark of laughter burst over professor MacHugh’s unshaven
blackspectacled face.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Doughy Daw! he cried.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00029"><strong>WHAT WETHERUP SAID</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All very fine to jeer at it now in cold print but it goes down like hot cake
that stuff. He was in the bakery line too, wasn’t he? Why they call him Doughy
Daw. Feathered his nest well anyhow. Daughter engaged to that chap in the
inland revenue office with the motor. Hooked that nicely. Entertainments. Open
house. Big blowout. Wetherup always said that. Get a grip of them by the
stomach.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The inner door was opened violently and a scarlet beaked face, crested by a
comb of feathery hair, thrust itself in. The bold blue eyes stared about them
and the harsh voice asked:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And here comes the sham squire himself! professor MacHugh said grandly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Getonouthat, you bloody old pedagogue! the editor said in recognition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come, Ned, Mr Dedalus said, putting on his hat. I must get a drink after
that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Drink! the editor cried. No drinks served before mass.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Quite right too, Mr Dedalus said, going out. Come on, Ned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ned Lambert sidled down from the table. The editor’s blue eyes roved towards Mr
Bloom’s face, shadowed by a smile.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Will you join us, Myles? Ned Lambert asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00030"><strong>MEMORABLE BATTLES RECALLED</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—North Cork militia! the editor cried, striding to the mantelpiece. We
won every time! North Cork and Spanish officers!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where was that, Myles? Ned Lambert asked with a reflective glance at his
toecaps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—In Ohio! the editor shouted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—So it was, begad, Ned Lambert agreed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Passing out he whispered to J. J. O’Molloy:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Incipient jigs. Sad case.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ohio! the editor crowed in high treble from his uplifted scarlet face.
My Ohio!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A perfect cretic! the professor said. Long, short and long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00031"><strong>O, HARP EOLIAN!</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He took a reel of dental floss from his waistcoat pocket and, breaking off a
piece, twanged it smartly between two and two of his resonant unwashed teeth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bingbang, bangbang.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom, seeing the coast clear, made for the inner door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Just a moment, Mr Crawford, he said. I just want to phone about an ad.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What about that leader this evening? professor MacHugh asked, coming to
the editor and laying a firm hand on his shoulder.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’ll be all right, Myles Crawford said more calmly. Never you fret.
Hello, Jack. That’s all right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good day, Myles, J. J. O’Molloy said, letting the pages he held slip
limply back on the file. Is that Canada swindle case on today?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The telephone whirred inside.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Twentyeight... No, twenty... Double four... Yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00032"><strong>SPOT THE WINNER</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan came out of the inner office with <em>Sport</em>’s tissues.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who wants a dead cert for the Gold cup? he asked. Sceptre with O. Madden
up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He tossed the tissues on to the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Screams of newsboys barefoot in the hall rushed near and the door was flung
open.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hush, Lenehan said. I hear feetstoops.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Professor MacHugh strode across the room and seized the cringing urchin by the
collar as the others scampered out of the hall and down the steps. The tissues
rustled up in the draught, floated softly in the air blue scrawls and under the
table came to earth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It wasn’t me, sir. It was the big fellow shoved me, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Throw him out and shut the door, the editor said. There’s a hurricane
blowing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan began to paw the tissues up from the floor, grunting as he stooped
twice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Waiting for the racing special, sir, the newsboy said. It was Pat
Farrell shoved me, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He pointed to two faces peering in round the doorframe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Him, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Out of this with you, professor MacHugh said gruffly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He hustled the boy out and banged the door to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy turned the files crackingly over, murmuring, seeking:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Continued on page six, column four.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, <em>Evening Telegraph</em> here, Mr Bloom phoned from the inner
office. Is the boss...? Yes, <em>Telegraph</em>... To where? Aha! Which auction
rooms?... Aha! I see... Right. I’ll catch him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00033"><strong>A COLLISION ENSUES</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The bell whirred again as he rang off. He came in quickly and bumped against
Lenehan who was struggling up with the second tissue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Pardon, monsieur</em>, Lenehan said, clutching him for an instant and
making a grimace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—My fault, Mr Bloom said, suffering his grip. Are you hurt? I’m in a
hurry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Knee, Lenehan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He made a comic face and whined, rubbing his knee:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The accumulation of the <em>anno Domini</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sorry, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went to the door and, holding it ajar, paused. J. J. O’Molloy slapped the
heavy pages over. The noise of two shrill voices, a mouthorgan, echoed in the
bare hallway from the newsboys squatted on the doorsteps:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We are the boys of Wexford<br/>Who fought with heart and hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00034"><strong>EXIT BLOOM</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m just running round to Bachelor’s walk, Mr Bloom said, about this ad
of Keyes’s. Want to fix it up. They tell me he’s round there in Dillon’s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked indecisively for a moment at their faces. The editor who, leaning
against the mantelshelf, had propped his head on his hand, suddenly stretched
forth an arm amply.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Begone! he said. The world is before you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Back in no time, Mr Bloom said, hurrying out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy took the tissues from Lenehan’s hand and read them, blowing them
apart gently, without comment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’ll get that advertisement, the professor said, staring through his
blackrimmed spectacles over the crossblind. Look at the young scamps after him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Show. Where? Lenehan cried, running to the window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00035"><strong>A STREET CORTÈGE</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Both smiled over the crossblind at the file of capering newsboys in Mr Bloom’s
wake, the last zigzagging white on the breeze a mocking kite, a tail of white
bowknots.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Look at the young guttersnipe behind him hue and cry, Lenehan said, and
you’ll kick. O, my rib risible! Taking off his flat spaugs and the walk. Small
nines. Steal upon larks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He began to mazurka in swift caricature across the floor on sliding feet past
the fireplace to J. J. O’Molloy who placed the tissues in his receiving hands.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s that? Myles Crawford said with a start. Where are the other two
gone?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who? the professor said, turning. They’re gone round to the Oval for a
drink. Paddy Hooper is there with Jack Hall. Came over last night.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come on then, Myles Crawford said. Where’s my hat?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked jerkily into the office behind, parting the vent of his jacket,
jingling his keys in his back pocket. They jingled then in the air and against
the wood as he locked his desk drawer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s pretty well on, professor MacHugh said in a low voice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Seems to be, J. J. O’Molloy said, taking out a cigarettecase in
murmuring meditation, but it is not always as it seems. Who has the most
matches?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00036"><strong>THE CALUMET OF PEACE</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He offered a cigarette to the professor and took one himself. Lenehan promptly
struck a match for them and lit their cigarettes in turn. J. J. O’Molloy opened
his case again and offered it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Thanky vous</em>, Lenehan said, helping himself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The editor came from the inner office, a straw hat awry on his brow. He
declaimed in song, pointing sternly at professor MacHugh:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>’Twas rank and fame that tempted thee,<br/>’Twas empire charmed thy heart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The professor grinned, locking his long lips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Eh? You bloody old Roman empire? Myles Crawford said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He took a cigarette from the open case. Lenehan, lighting it for him with quick
grace, said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Silence for my brandnew riddle!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Imperium romanum</em>, J. J. O’Molloy said gently. It sounds nobler
than British or Brixton. The word reminds one somehow of fat in the fire.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Myles Crawford blew his first puff violently towards the ceiling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s it, he said. We are the fat. You and I are the fat in the fire.
We haven’t got the chance of a snowball in hell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00037"><strong>THE GRANDEUR THAT WAS ROME</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wait a moment, professor MacHugh said, raising two quiet claws. We
mustn’t be led away by words, by sounds of words. We think of Rome, imperial,
imperious, imperative.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He extended elocutionary arms from frayed stained shirtcuffs, pausing:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What was their civilisation? Vast, I allow: but vile. Cloacae: sewers.
The Jews in the wilderness and on the mountaintop said: <em>It is meet to be
here. Let us build an altar to Jehovah</em>. The Roman, like the Englishman who
follows in his footsteps, brought to every new shore on which he set his foot
(on our shore he never set it) only his cloacal obsession. He gazed about him
in his toga and he said: <em>It is meet to be here. Let us construct a
watercloset.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Which they accordingly did do, Lenehan said. Our old ancient ancestors,
as we read in the first chapter of Guinness’s, were partial to the running
stream.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They were nature’s gentlemen, J. J. O’Molloy murmured. But we have also
Roman law.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And Pontius Pilate is its prophet, professor MacHugh responded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you know that story about chief baron Palles? J. J. O’Molloy asked.
It was at the royal university dinner. Everything was going swimmingly ...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—First my riddle, Lenehan said. Are you ready?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr O’Madden Burke, tall in copious grey of Donegal tweed, came in from the
hallway. Stephen Dedalus, behind him, uncovered as he entered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Entrez, mes enfants!</em> Lenehan cried.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I escort a suppliant, Mr O’Madden Burke said melodiously. Youth led by
Experience visits Notoriety.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How do you do? the editor said, holding out a hand. Come in. Your
governor is just gone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00038"><strong>???</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan said to all:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Silence! What opera resembles a railwayline? Reflect, ponder,
excogitate, reply.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen handed over the typed sheets, pointing to the title and signature.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who? the editor asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bit torn off.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mr Garrett Deasy, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That old pelters, the editor said. Who tore it? Was he short taken?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On swift sail flaming<br/>From storm and south<br/>He comes, pale vampire,<br/>Mouth to my mouth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good day, Stephen, the professor said, coming to peer over their
shoulders. Foot and mouth? Are you turned...?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bullockbefriending bard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00039"><strong>SHINDY IN WELLKNOWN RESTAURANT</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good day, sir, Stephen answered blushing. The letter is not mine. Mr
Garrett Deasy asked me to...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, I know him, Myles Crawford said, and I knew his wife too. The
bloodiest old tartar God ever made. By Jesus, she had the foot and mouth
disease and no mistake! The night she threw the soup in the waiter’s face in
the Star and Garter. Oho!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A woman brought sin into the world. For Helen, the runaway wife of Menelaus,
ten years the Greeks. O’Rourke, prince of Breffni.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is he a widower? Stephen asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, a grass one, Myles Crawford said, his eye running down the
typescript. Emperor’s horses. Habsburg. An Irishman saved his life on the
ramparts of Vienna. Don’t you forget! Maximilian Karl O’Donnell, graf von
Tirconnell in Ireland. Sent his heir over to make the king an Austrian
fieldmarshal now. Going to be trouble there one day. Wild geese. O yes, every
time. Don’t you forget that!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The moot point is did he forget it, J. J. O’Molloy said quietly, turning
a horseshoe paperweight. Saving princes is a thank you job.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Professor MacHugh turned on him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And if not? he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll tell you how it was, Myles Crawford began. A Hungarian it was one
day...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00040"><strong>LOST CAUSES NOBLE MARQUESS MENTIONED</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We were always loyal to lost causes, the professor said. Success for us
is the death of the intellect and of the imagination. We were never loyal to
the successful. We serve them. I teach the blatant Latin language. I speak the
tongue of a race the acme of whose mentality is the maxim: time is money.
Material domination. <em>Dominus!</em> Lord! Where is the spirituality? Lord
Jesus? Lord Salisbury? A sofa in a westend club. But the Greek!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00041"><strong>KYRIE ELEISON!</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A smile of light brightened his darkrimmed eyes, lengthened his long lips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The Greek! he said again. <em>Kyrios!</em> Shining word! The vowels the
Semite and the Saxon know not. <em>Kyrie!</em> The radiance of the intellect. I
ought to profess Greek, the language of the mind. <em>Kyrie eleison!</em> The
closetmaker and the cloacamaker will never be lords of our spirit. We are liege
subjects of the catholic chivalry of Europe that foundered at Trafalgar and of
the empire of the spirit, not an <em>imperium,</em> that went under with the
Athenian fleets at Aegospotami. Yes, yes. They went under. Pyrrhus, misled by
an oracle, made a last attempt to retrieve the fortunes of Greece. Loyal to a
lost cause.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He strode away from them towards the window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They went forth to battle, Mr O’Madden Burke said greyly, but they
always fell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Boohoo! Lenehan wept with a little noise. Owing to a brick received in
the latter half of the <em>matinée</em>. Poor, poor, poor Pyrrhus!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He whispered then near Stephen’s ear:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00042"><strong>LENEHAN’S LIMERICK</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>There’s a ponderous pundit MacHugh<br/>Who wears goggles of ebony hue.<br/>As he mostly sees double<br/>To wear them why trouble?<br/>I can’t see the Joe Miller. Can you?</em><br/><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In mourning for Sallust, Mulligan says. Whose mother is beastly dead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Myles Crawford crammed the sheets into a sidepocket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’ll be all right, he said. I’ll read the rest after. That’ll be all
right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan extended his hands in protest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But my riddle! he said. What opera is like a railwayline?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Opera? Mr O’Madden Burke’s sphinx face reriddled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan announced gladly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>The Rose of Castile</em>. See the wheeze? Rows of cast steel. Gee!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He poked Mr O’Madden Burke mildly in the spleen. Mr O’Madden Burke fell back
with grace on his umbrella, feigning a gasp.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Help! he sighed. I feel a strong weakness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan, rising to tiptoe, fanned his face rapidly with the rustling tissues.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The professor, returning by way of the files, swept his hand across Stephen’s
and Mr O’Madden Burke’s loose ties.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Paris, past and present, he said. You look like communards.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Like fellows who had blown up the Bastile, J. J. O’Molloy said in quiet
mockery. Or was it you shot the lord lieutenant of Finland between you? You
look as though you had done the deed. General Bobrikoff.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00043"><strong>OMNIUM GATHERUM</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We were only thinking about it, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—All the talents, Myles Crawford said. Law, the classics...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The turf, Lenehan put in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Literature, the press.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—If Bloom were here, the professor said. The gentle art of advertisement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And Madam Bloom, Mr O’Madden Burke added. The vocal muse. Dublin’s prime
favourite.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan gave a loud cough.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ahem! he said very softly. O, for a fresh of breath air! I caught a cold
in the park. The gate was open.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00044"><strong>“YOU CAN DO IT!”</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The editor laid a nervous hand on Stephen’s shoulder.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I want you to write something for me, he said. Something with a bite in
it. You can do it. I see it in your face. <em>In the lexicon of youth</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See it in your face. See it in your eye. Lazy idle little schemer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Foot and mouth disease! the editor cried in scornful invective. Great
nationalist meeting in Borris-in-Ossory. All balls! Bulldosing the public! Give
them something with a bite in it. Put us all into it, damn its soul. Father,
Son and Holy Ghost and Jakes M’Carthy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We can all supply mental pabulum, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen raised his eyes to the bold unheeding stare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He wants you for the pressgang, J. J. O’Molloy said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00045"><strong>THE GREAT GALLAHER</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You can do it, Myles Crawford repeated, clenching his hand in emphasis.
Wait a minute. We’ll paralyse Europe as Ignatius Gallaher used to say when he
was on the shaughraun, doing billiardmarking in the Clarence. Gallaher, that
was a pressman for you. That was a pen. You know how he made his mark? I’ll
tell you. That was the smartest piece of journalism ever known. That was in
eightyone, sixth of May, time of the invincibles, murder in the Phoenix park,
before you were born, I suppose. I’ll show you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He pushed past them to the files.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Look at here, he said turning. The <em>New York World</em> cabled for a
special. Remember that time?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Professor MacHugh nodded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>New York World</em>, the editor said, excitedly pushing back his straw
hat. Where it took place. Tim Kelly, or Kavanagh I mean. Joe Brady and the rest
of them. Where Skin-the-Goat drove the car. Whole route, see?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Skin-the-Goat, Mr O’Madden Burke said. Fitzharris. He has that cabman’s
shelter, they say, down there at Butt bridge. Holohan told me. You know
Holohan?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hop and carry one, is it? Myles Crawford said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And poor Gumley is down there too, so he told me, minding stones for the
corporation. A night watchman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen turned in surprise.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Gumley? he said. You don’t say so? A friend of my father’s, is it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Never mind Gumley, Myles Crawford cried angrily. Let Gumley mind the
stones, see they don’t run away. Look at here. What did Ignatius Gallaher do?
I’ll tell you. Inspiration of genius. Cabled right away. Have you <em>Weekly
Freeman</em> of 17 March? Right. Have you got that?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He flung back pages of the files and stuck his finger on a point.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Take page four, advertisement for Bransome’s coffee, let us say. Have
you got that? Right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The telephone whirred.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00046"><strong>A DISTANT VOICE</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll answer it, the professor said, going.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—B is parkgate. Good.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His finger leaped and struck point after point, vibrating.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—T is viceregal lodge. C is where murder took place. K is Knockmaroon
gate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The loose flesh of his neck shook like a cock’s wattles. An illstarched dicky
jutted up and with a rude gesture he thrust it back into his waistcoat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello? <em>Evening Telegraph</em> here... Hello?... Who’s there?... Yes...
Yes... Yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—F to P is the route Skin-the-Goat drove the car for an alibi, Inchicore,
Roundtown, Windy Arbour, Palmerston Park, Ranelagh. F.A.B.P. Got that? X is
Davy’s publichouse in upper Leeson street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The professor came to the inner door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bloom is at the telephone, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tell him go to hell, the editor said promptly. X is Davy’s publichouse,
see?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00047"><strong>CLEVER, VERY</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Clever, Lenehan said. Very.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Gave it to them on a hot plate, Myles Crawford said, the whole bloody
history.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nightmare from which you will never awake.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I saw it, the editor said proudly. I was present. Dick Adams, the
besthearted bloody Corkman the Lord ever put the breath of life in, and myself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan bowed to a shape of air, announcing:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Madam, I’m Adam. And Able was I ere I saw Elba.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—History! Myles Crawford cried. The Old Woman of Prince’s street was
there first. There was weeping and gnashing of teeth over that. Out of an
advertisement. Gregor Grey made the design for it. That gave him the leg up.
Then Paddy Hooper worked Tay Pay who took him on to the <em>Star.</em> Now he’s
got in with Blumenfeld. That’s press. That’s talent. Pyatt! He was all their
daddies!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The father of scare journalism, Lenehan confirmed, and the
brother-in-law of Chris Callinan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello?... Are you there?... Yes, he’s here still. Come across yourself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where do you find a pressman like that now, eh? the editor cried.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He flung the pages down.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Clamn dever, Lenehan said to Mr O’Madden Burke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Very smart, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Professor MacHugh came from the inner office.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Talking about the invincibles, he said, did you see that some hawkers
were up before the recorder...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O yes, J. J. O’Molloy said eagerly. Lady Dudley was walking home through
the park to see all the trees that were blown down by that cyclone last year
and thought she’d buy a view of Dublin. And it turned out to be a commemoration
postcard of Joe Brady or Number One or Skin-the-Goat. Right outside the
viceregal lodge, imagine!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They’re only in the hook and eye department, Myles Crawford said. Psha!
Press and the bar! Where have you a man now at the bar like those fellows, like
Whiteside, like Isaac Butt, like silvertongued O’Hagan. Eh? Ah, bloody
nonsense. Psha! Only in the halfpenny place.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His mouth continued to twitch unspeaking in nervous curls of disdain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Would anyone wish that mouth for her kiss? How do you know? Why did you write
it then?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00048"><strong>RHYMES AND REASONS</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mouth, south. Is the mouth south someway? Or the south a mouth? Must be some.
South, pout, out, shout, drouth. Rhymes: two men dressed the same, looking the
same, two by two.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>........................ la tua pace<br/>.................. che parlar ti piace<br/>Mentre che il vento, come fa, si tace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He saw them three by three, approaching girls, in green, in rose, in russet,
entwining, <em>per l’aer perso</em>, in mauve, in purple, <em>quella pacifica
oriafiamma</em>, gold of oriflamme, <em>di rimirar fè più ardenti.</em> But I old
men, penitent, leadenfooted, underdarkneath the night: mouth south: tomb womb.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Speak up for yourself, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00049"><strong>SUFFICIENT FOR THE DAY...</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy, smiling palely, took up the gage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—My dear Myles, he said, flinging his cigarette aside, you put a false
construction on my words. I hold no brief, as at present advised, for the third
profession <em>qua</em> profession but your Cork legs are running away with you.
Why not bring in Henry Grattan and Flood and Demosthenes and Edmund Burke?
Ignatius Gallaher we all know and his Chapelizod boss, Harmsworth of the
farthing press, and his American cousin of the Bowery guttersheet not to
mention <em>Paddy Kelly’s Budget</em>, <em>Pue’s Occurrences</em> and our watchful
friend <em>The Skibbereen Eagle</em>. Why bring in a master of forensic eloquence
like Whiteside? Sufficient for the day is the newspaper thereof.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00050"><strong>LINKS WITH BYGONE DAYS OF YORE</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Grattan and Flood wrote for this very paper, the editor cried in his
face. Irish volunteers. Where are you now? Established 1763. Dr Lucas. Who have
you now like John Philpot Curran? Psha!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, J. J. O’Molloy said, Bushe K.C., for example.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bushe? the editor said. Well, yes: Bushe, yes. He has a strain of it in
his blood. Kendal Bushe or I mean Seymour Bushe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He would have been on the bench long ago, the professor said, only for
.... But no matter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy turned to Stephen and said quietly and slowly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—One of the most polished periods I think I ever listened to in my life
fell from the lips of Seymour Bushe. It was in that case of fratricide, the
Childs murder case. Bushe defended him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>And in the porches of mine ear did pour.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By the way how did he find that out? He died in his sleep. Or the other story,
beast with two backs?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What was that? the professor asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00051"><strong>ITALIA, MAGISTRA ARTIUM</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He spoke on the law of evidence, J. J. O’Molloy said, of Roman justice
as contrasted with the earlier Mosaic code, the <em>lex talionis</em>. And he
cited the Moses of Michelangelo in the vatican.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ha.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A few wellchosen words, Lenehan prefaced. Silence!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pause. J. J. O’Molloy took out his cigarettecase.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>False lull. Something quite ordinary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Messenger took out his matchbox thoughtfully and lit his cigar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I have often thought since on looking back over that strange time that it was
that small act, trivial in itself, that striking of that match, that determined
the whole aftercourse of both our lives.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00052"><strong>A POLISHED PERIOD</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy resumed, moulding his words:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He said of it: <em>that stony effigy in frozen music, horned and
terrible, of the human form divine, that eternal symbol of wisdom and of
prophecy which, if aught that the imagination or the hand of sculptor has
wrought in marble of soultransfigured and of soultransfiguring deserves to
live, deserves to live.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His slim hand with a wave graced echo and fall.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Fine! Myles Crawford said at once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The divine afflatus, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You like it? J. J. O’Molloy asked Stephen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen, his blood wooed by grace of language and gesture, blushed. He took a
cigarette from the case. J. J. O’Molloy offered his case to Myles Crawford.
Lenehan lit their cigarettes as before and took his trophy, saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Muchibus thankibus.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00053"><strong>A MAN OF HIGH MORALE</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Professor Magennis was speaking to me about you, J. J. O’Molloy said to
Stephen. What do you think really of that hermetic crowd, the opal hush poets:
A. E. the mastermystic? That Blavatsky woman started it. She was a nice old bag
of tricks. A. E. has been telling some yankee interviewer that you came to him
in the small hours of the morning to ask him about planes of consciousness.
Magennis thinks you must have been pulling A. E.’s leg. He is a man of the very
highest morale, Magennis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Speaking about me. What did he say? What did he say? What did he say about me?
Don’t ask.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, thanks, professor MacHugh said, waving the cigarettecase aside. Wait
a moment. Let me say one thing. The finest display of oratory I ever heard was
a speech made by John F Taylor at the college historical society. Mr Justice
Fitzgibbon, the present lord justice of appeal, had spoken and the paper under
debate was an essay (new for those days), advocating the revival of the Irish
tongue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned towards Myles Crawford and said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You know Gerald Fitzgibbon. Then you can imagine the style of his
discourse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He is sitting with Tim Healy, J. J. O’Molloy said, rumour has it, on the
Trinity college estates commission.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He is sitting with a sweet thing, Myles Crawford said, in a child’s
frock. Go on. Well?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It was the speech, mark you, the professor said, of a finished orator,
full of courteous haughtiness and pouring in chastened diction I will not say
the vials of his wrath but pouring the proud man’s contumely upon the new
movement. It was then a new movement. We were weak, therefore worthless.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He closed his long thin lips an instant but, eager to be on, raised an
outspanned hand to his spectacles and, with trembling thumb and ringfinger
touching lightly the black rims, steadied them to a new focus.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00054"><strong>IMPROMPTU</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In ferial tone he addressed J. J. O’Molloy:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Taylor had come there, you must know, from a sickbed. That he had
prepared his speech I do not believe for there was not even one shorthandwriter
in the hall. His dark lean face had a growth of shaggy beard round it. He wore
a loose white silk neckcloth and altogether he looked (though he was not) a
dying man.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His gaze turned at once but slowly from J. J. O’Molloy’s towards Stephen’s face
and then bent at once to the ground, seeking. His unglazed linen collar
appeared behind his bent head, soiled by his withering hair. Still seeking, he
said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—When Fitzgibbon’s speech had ended John F Taylor rose to reply. Briefly,
as well as I can bring them to mind, his words were these.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He raised his head firmly. His eyes bethought themselves once more. Witless
shellfish swam in the gross lenses to and fro, seeking outlet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He began:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Mr Chairman, ladies and gentlemen: Great was my admiration in
listening to the remarks addressed to the youth of Ireland a moment since by my
learned friend. It seemed to me that I had been transported into a country far
away from this country, into an age remote from this age, that I stood in
ancient Egypt and that I was listening to the speech of some highpriest of that
land addressed to the youthful Moses.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His listeners held their cigarettes poised to hear, their smokes ascending in
frail stalks that flowered with his speech. <em>And let our crooked smokes.</em>
Noble words coming. Look out. Could you try your hand at it yourself?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—And it seemed to me that I heard the voice of that Egyptian
highpriest raised in a tone of like haughtiness and like pride. I heard his
words and their meaning was revealed to me.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00055"><strong>FROM THE FATHERS</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was revealed to me that those things are good which yet are corrupted which
neither if they were supremely good nor unless they were good could be
corrupted. Ah, curse you! That’s saint Augustine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Why will you jews not accept our culture, our religion and our
language? You are a tribe of nomad herdsmen: we are a mighty people. You have
no cities nor no wealth: our cities are hives of humanity and our galleys,
trireme and quadrireme, laden with all manner merchandise furrow the waters of
the known globe. You have but emerged from primitive conditions: we have a
literature, a priesthood, an agelong history and a polity.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nile.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Child, man, effigy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By the Nilebank the babemaries kneel, cradle of bulrushes: a man supple in
combat: stonehorned, stonebearded, heart of stone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—You pray to a local and obscure idol: our temples, majestic and
mysterious, are the abodes of Isis and Osiris, of Horus and Ammon Ra. Yours
serfdom, awe and humbleness: ours thunder and the seas. Israel is weak and few
are her children: Egypt is an host and terrible are her arms. Vagrants and
daylabourers are you called: the world trembles at our name.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A dumb belch of hunger cleft his speech. He lifted his voice above it boldly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—But, ladies and gentlemen, had the youthful Moses listened to and
accepted that view of life, had he bowed his head and bowed his will and bowed
his spirit before that arrogant admonition he would never have brought the
chosen people out of their house of bondage, nor followed the pillar of the
cloud by day. He would never have spoken with the Eternal amid lightnings on
Sinai’s mountaintop nor ever have come down with the light of inspiration
shining in his countenance and bearing in his arms the tables of the law,
graven in the language of the outlaw.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He ceased and looked at them, enjoying a silence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00056"><strong>OMINOUS—FOR HIM!</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy said not without regret:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And yet he died without having entered the land of promise.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A—sudden—at—the—moment—though—from—lingering—illness—often—previously—expectorated—demise, Lenehan added. And with a great future behind him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The troop of bare feet was heard rushing along the hallway and pattering up the
staircase.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That is oratory, the professor said uncontradicted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gone with the wind. Hosts at Mullaghmast and Tara of the kings. Miles of ears
of porches. The tribune’s words, howled and scattered to the four winds. A
people sheltered within his voice. Dead noise. Akasic records of all that ever
anywhere wherever was. Love and laud him: me no more.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I have money.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Gentlemen, Stephen said. As the next motion on the agenda paper may I
suggest that the house do now adjourn?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You take my breath away. It is not perchance a French compliment? Mr
O’Madden Burke asked. ’Tis the hour, methinks, when the winejug, metaphorically
speaking, is most grateful in Ye ancient hostelry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That it be and hereby is resolutely resolved. All that are in favour say
ay, Lenehan announced. The contrary no. I declare it carried. To which
particular boosing shed...? My casting vote is: Mooney’s!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He led the way, admonishing:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We will sternly refuse to partake of strong waters, will we not? Yes, we
will not. By no manner of means.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr O’Madden Burke, following close, said with an ally’s lunge of his umbrella:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Lay on, Macduff!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Chip of the old block! the editor cried, clapping Stephen on the
shoulder. Let us go. Where are those blasted keys?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He fumbled in his pocket pulling out the crushed typesheets.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Foot and mouth. I know. That’ll be all right. That’ll go in. Where are
they? That’s all right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He thrust the sheets back and went into the inner office.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00057"><strong>LET US HOPE</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy, about to follow him in, said quietly to Stephen:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I hope you will live to see it published. Myles, one moment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went into the inner office, closing the door behind him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come along, Stephen, the professor said. That is fine, isn’t it? It has
the prophetic vision. <em>Fuit Ilium!</em> The sack of windy Troy. Kingdoms of
this world. The masters of the Mediterranean are fellaheen today.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The first newsboy came pattering down the stairs at their heels and rushed out
into the street, yelling:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Racing special!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dublin. I have much, much to learn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They turned to the left along Abbey street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I have a vision too, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes? the professor said, skipping to get into step. Crawford will
follow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Another newsboy shot past them, yelling as he ran:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Racing special!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00058"><strong>DEAR DIRTY DUBLIN</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dubliners.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Two Dublin vestals, Stephen said, elderly and pious, have lived fifty
and fiftythree years in Fumbally’s lane.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where is that? the professor asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Off Blackpitts, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Damp night reeking of hungry dough. Against the wall. Face glistering tallow
under her fustian shawl. Frantic hearts. Akasic records. Quicker, darlint!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On now. Dare it. Let there be life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They want to see the views of Dublin from the top of Nelson’s pillar.
They save up three and tenpence in a red tin letterbox moneybox. They shake out
the threepenny bits and sixpences and coax out the pennies with the blade of a
knife. Two and three in silver and one and seven in coppers. They put on their
bonnets and best clothes and take their umbrellas for fear it may come on to
rain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wise virgins, professor MacHugh said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00059"><strong>LIFE ON THE RAW</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They buy one and fourpenceworth of brawn and four slices of panloaf at
the north city diningrooms in Marlborough street from Miss Kate Collins,
proprietress... They purchase four and twenty ripe plums from a girl at the
foot of Nelson’s pillar to take off the thirst of the brawn. They give two
threepenny bits to the gentleman at the turnstile and begin to waddle slowly up
the winding staircase, grunting, encouraging each other, afraid of the dark,
panting, one asking the other have you the brawn, praising God and the Blessed
Virgin, threatening to come down, peeping at the airslits. Glory be to God.
They had no idea it was that high.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Their names are Anne Kearns and Florence MacCabe. Anne Kearns has the lumbago
for which she rubs on Lourdes water, given her by a lady who got a bottleful
from a passionist father. Florence MacCabe takes a crubeen and a bottle of
double X for supper every Saturday.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Antithesis, the professor said nodding twice. Vestal virgins. I can see
them. What’s keeping our friend?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A bevy of scampering newsboys rushed down the steps, scattering in all
directions, yelling, their white papers fluttering. Hard after them Myles
Crawford appeared on the steps, his hat aureoling his scarlet face, talking
with J. J. O’Molloy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come along, the professor cried, waving his arm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He set off again to walk by Stephen’s side.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00060"><strong>RETURN OF BLOOM</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, he said. I see them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom, breathless, caught in a whirl of wild newsboys near the offices of
the <em>Irish Catholic</em> and <em>Dublin Penny Journal</em>, called:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mr Crawford! A moment!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Telegraph</em>! Racing special!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is it? Myles Crawford said, falling back a pace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A newsboy cried in Mr Bloom’s face:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Terrible tragedy in Rathmines! A child bit by a bellows!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00061"><strong>INTERVIEW WITH THE EDITOR</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Just this ad, Mr Bloom said, pushing through towards the steps, puffing,
and taking the cutting from his pocket. I spoke with Mr Keyes just now. He’ll
give a renewal for two months, he says. After he’ll see. But he wants a par to
call attention in the <em>Telegraph</em> too, the Saturday pink. And he wants it
copied if it’s not too late I told councillor Nannetti from the <em>Kilkenny
People</em>. I can have access to it in the national library. House of keys,
don’t you see? His name is Keyes. It’s a play on the name. But he practically
promised he’d give the renewal. But he wants just a little puff. What will I
tell him, Mr Crawford?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00062"><strong>K.M.A.</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Will you tell him he can kiss my arse? Myles Crawford said throwing out
his arm for emphasis. Tell him that straight from the stable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A bit nervy. Look out for squalls. All off for a drink. Arm in arm. Lenehan’s
yachting cap on the cadge beyond. Usual blarney. Wonder is that young Dedalus
the moving spirit. Has a good pair of boots on him today. Last time I saw him
he had his heels on view. Been walking in muck somewhere. Careless chap. What
was he doing in Irishtown?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, Mr Bloom said, his eyes returning, if I can get the design I
suppose it’s worth a short par. He’d give the ad, I think. I’ll tell him...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00063"><strong>K.M.R.I.A.</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He can kiss my royal Irish arse, Myles Crawford cried loudly over his
shoulder. Any time he likes, tell him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>While Mr Bloom stood weighing the point and about to smile he strode on
jerkily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00064"><strong>RAISING THE WIND</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Nulla bona</em>, Jack, he said, raising his hand to his chin. I’m up
to here. I’ve been through the hoop myself. I was looking for a fellow to back
a bill for me no later than last week. Sorry, Jack. You must take the will for
the deed. With a heart and a half if I could raise the wind anyhow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy pulled a long face and walked on silently. They caught up on the
others and walked abreast.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—When they have eaten the brawn and the bread and wiped their twenty
fingers in the paper the bread was wrapped in they go nearer to the railings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Something for you, the professor explained to Myles Crawford. Two old
Dublin women on the top of Nelson’s pillar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00065"><strong>SOME COLUMN!—THAT’S WHAT WADDLER ONE SAID</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s new, Myles Crawford said. That’s copy. Out for the waxies’
Dargle. Two old trickies, what?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But they are afraid the pillar will fall, Stephen went on. They see the
roofs and argue about where the different churches are: Rathmines’ blue dome,
Adam and Eve’s, saint Laurence O’Toole’s. But it makes them giddy to look so
they pull up their skirts...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00066"><strong>THOSE SLIGHTLY RAMBUNCTIOUS FEMALES</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Easy all, Myles Crawford said. No poetic licence. We’re in the
archdiocese here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And settle down on their striped petticoats, peering up at the statue of
the onehandled adulterer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Onehandled adulterer! the professor cried. I like that. I see the idea.
I see what you mean.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00067"><strong>DAMES DONATE DUBLIN’S CITS SPEEDPILLS VELOCITOUS AEROLITHS, BELIEF</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It gives them a crick in their necks, Stephen said, and they are too
tired to look up or down or to speak. They put the bag of plums between them
and eat the plums out of it, one after another, wiping off with their
handkerchiefs the plumjuice that dribbles out of their mouths and spitting the
plumstones slowly out between the railings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He gave a sudden loud young laugh as a close. Lenehan and Mr O’Madden Burke,
hearing, turned, beckoned and led on across towards Mooney’s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Finished? Myles Crawford said. So long as they do no worse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00068"><strong>SOPHIST WALLOPS HAUGHTY HELEN SQUARE ON PROBOSCIS. SPARTANS GNASH MOLARS.
ITHACANS VOW PEN IS CHAMP.</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You remind me of Antisthenes, the professor said, a disciple of Gorgias,
the sophist. It is said of him that none could tell if he were bitterer against
others or against himself. He was the son of a noble and a bondwoman. And he
wrote a book in which he took away the palm of beauty from Argive Helen and
handed it to poor Penelope.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Poor Penelope. Penelope Rich.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They made ready to cross O’Connell street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00069"><strong>HELLO THERE, CENTRAL!</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At various points along the eight lines tramcars with motionless trolleys stood
in their tracks, bound for or from Rathmines, Rathfarnham, Blackrock, Kingstown
and Dalkey, Sandymount Green, Ringsend and Sandymount Tower, Donnybrook,
Palmerston Park and Upper Rathmines, all still, becalmed in short circuit.
Hackney cars, cabs, delivery waggons, mailvans, private broughams, aerated
mineral water floats with rattling crates of bottles, rattled, rolled,
horsedrawn, rapidly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00070"><strong>WHAT?—AND LIKEWISE—WHERE?</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But what do you call it? Myles Crawford asked. Where did they get the
plums?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00071"><strong>VIRGILIAN, SAYS PEDAGOGUE. SOPHOMORE PLUMPS FOR OLD MAN MOSES.</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Call it, wait, the professor said, opening his long lips wide to
reflect. Call it, let me see. Call it: <em>deus nobis hæc otia fecit.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Stephen said. I call it <em>A Pisgah Sight of Palestine</em> or <em>The
Parable of The Plums.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I see, the professor said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He laughed richly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I see, he said again with new pleasure. Moses and the promised land. We
gave him that idea, he added to J. J. O’Molloy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00072"><strong>HORATIO IS CYNOSURE THIS FAIR JUNE DAY</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy sent a weary sidelong glance towards the statue and held his
peace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I see, the professor said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He halted on sir John Gray’s pavement island and peered aloft at Nelson through
the meshes of his wry smile.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00073"><strong>DIMINISHED DIGITS PROVE TOO TITILLATING FOR FRISKY FRUMPS. ANNE WIMBLES, FLO
WANGLES—YET CAN YOU BLAME THEM?</strong></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Onehandled adulterer, he said smiling grimly. That tickles me, I must
say.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tickled the old ones too, Myles Crawford said, if the God Almighty’s
truth was known.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html_pgepubid00074" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html_chap08"></span>[ 8 ]</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pineapple rock, lemon platt, butter scotch. A sugarsticky girl shovelling
scoopfuls of creams for a christian brother. Some school treat. Bad for their
tummies. Lozenge and comfit manufacturer to His Majesty the King. God. Save.
Our. Sitting on his throne sucking red jujubes white.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A sombre Y. M. C. A. young man, watchful among the warm sweet fumes of Graham
Lemon’s, placed a throwaway in a hand of Mr Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Heart to heart talks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloo... Me? No.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blood of the Lamb.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His slow feet walked him riverward, reading. Are you saved? All are washed in
the blood of the lamb. God wants blood victim. Birth, hymen, martyr, war,
foundation of a building, sacrifice, kidney burntoffering, druids’ altars.
Elijah is coming. Dr John Alexander Dowie restorer of the church in Zion is
coming.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Is coming! Is coming!! Is coming!!!<br/>All heartily welcome.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Paying game. Torry and Alexander last year. Polygamy. His wife will put the
stopper on that. Where was that ad some Birmingham firm the luminous crucifix.
Our Saviour. Wake up in the dead of night and see him on the wall, hanging.
Pepper’s ghost idea. Iron Nails Ran In.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Phosphorus it must be done with. If you leave a bit of codfish for instance. I
could see the bluey silver over it. Night I went down to the pantry in the
kitchen. Don’t like all the smells in it waiting to rush out. What was it she
wanted? The Malaga raisins. Thinking of Spain. Before Rudy was born. The
phosphorescence, that bluey greeny. Very good for the brain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From Butler’s monument house corner he glanced along Bachelor’s walk. Dedalus’
daughter there still outside Dillon’s auctionrooms. Must be selling off some
old furniture. Knew her eyes at once from the father. Lobbing about waiting for
him. Home always breaks up when the mother goes. Fifteen children he had. Birth
every year almost. That’s in their theology or the priest won’t give the poor
woman the confession, the absolution. Increase and multiply. Did you ever hear
such an idea? Eat you out of house and home. No families themselves to feed.
Living on the fat of the land. Their butteries and larders. I’d like to see
them do the black fast Yom Kippur. Crossbuns. One meal and a collation for fear
he’d collapse on the altar. A housekeeper of one of those fellows if you could
pick it out of her. Never pick it out of her. Like getting £. s. d. out of him.
Does himself well. No guests. All for number one. Watching his water. Bring
your own bread and butter. His reverence: mum’s the word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Good Lord, that poor child’s dress is in flitters. Underfed she looks too.
Potatoes and marge, marge and potatoes. It’s after they feel it. Proof of the
pudding. Undermines the constitution.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As he set foot on O’Connell bridge a puffball of smoke plumed up from the
parapet. Brewery barge with export stout. England. Sea air sours it, I heard.
Be interesting some day get a pass through Hancock to see the brewery. Regular
world in itself. Vats of porter wonderful. Rats get in too. Drink themselves
bloated as big as a collie floating. Dead drunk on the porter. Drink till they
puke again like christians. Imagine drinking that! Rats: vats. Well, of course,
if we knew all the things.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Looking down he saw flapping strongly, wheeling between the gaunt quaywalls,
gulls. Rough weather outside. If I threw myself down? Reuben J’s son must have
swallowed a good bellyful of that sewage. One and eightpence too much. Hhhhm.
It’s the droll way he comes out with the things. Knows how to tell a story too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They wheeled lower. Looking for grub. Wait.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He threw down among them a crumpled paper ball. Elijah thirtytwo feet per sec
is com. Not a bit. The ball bobbed unheeded on the wake of swells, floated
under by the bridgepiers. Not such damn fools. Also the day I threw that stale
cake out of the Erin’s King picked it up in the wake fifty yards astern. Live
by their wits. They wheeled, flapping.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The hungry famished gull<br/>Flaps o’er the waters dull.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That is how poets write, the similar sounds. But then Shakespeare has no
rhymes: blank verse. The flow of the language it is. The thoughts. Solemn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hamlet, I am thy father’s spirit<br/>Doomed for a certain time to walk the earth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Two apples a penny! Two for a penny!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His gaze passed over the glazed apples serried on her stand. Australians they
must be this time of year. Shiny peels: polishes them up with a rag or a
handkerchief.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wait. Those poor birds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He halted again and bought from the old applewoman two Banbury cakes for a
penny and broke the brittle paste and threw its fragments down into the Liffey.
See that? The gulls swooped silently, two, then all from their heights,
pouncing on prey. Gone. Every morsel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aware of their greed and cunning he shook the powdery crumb from his hands.
They never expected that. Manna. Live on fish, fishy flesh they have, all
seabirds, gulls, seagoose. Swans from Anna Liffey swim down here sometimes to
preen themselves. No accounting for tastes. Wonder what kind is swanmeat.
Robinson Crusoe had to live on them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They wheeled flapping weakly. I’m not going to throw any more. Penny quite
enough. Lot of thanks I get. Not even a caw. They spread foot and mouth disease
too. If you cram a turkey say on chestnutmeal it tastes like that. Eat pig like
pig. But then why is it that saltwater fish are not salty? How is that?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His eyes sought answer from the river and saw a rowboat rock at anchor on the
treacly swells lazily its plastered board.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Kino’s<br/>11/—<br/>Trousers</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Good idea that. Wonder if he pays rent to the corporation. How can you own
water really? It’s always flowing in a stream, never the same, which in the
stream of life we trace. Because life is a stream. All kinds of places are good
for ads. That quack doctor for the clap used to be stuck up in all the
greenhouses. Never see it now. Strictly confidential. Dr Hy Franks. Didn’t cost
him a red like Maginni the dancing master self advertisement. Got fellows to
stick them up or stick them up himself for that matter on the q. t. running in
to loosen a button. Flybynight. Just the place too. POST NO BILLS. POST 110
PILLS. Some chap with a dose burning him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If he...?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Eh?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No... No.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No, no. I don’t believe it. He wouldn’t surely?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No, no.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom moved forward, raising his troubled eyes. Think no more about that.
After one. Timeball on the ballastoffice is down. Dunsink time. Fascinating
little book that is of sir Robert Ball’s. Parallax. I never exactly understood.
There’s a priest. Could ask him. Par it’s Greek: parallel, parallax. Met him
pike hoses she called it till I told her about the transmigration. O rocks!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom smiled O rocks at two windows of the ballastoffice. She’s right after
all. Only big words for ordinary things on account of the sound. She’s not
exactly witty. Can be rude too. Blurt out what I was thinking. Still, I don’t
know. She used to say Ben Dollard had a base barreltone voice. He has legs like
barrels and you’d think he was singing into a barrel. Now, isn’t that wit. They
used to call him big Ben. Not half as witty as calling him base barreltone.
Appetite like an albatross. Get outside of a baron of beef. Powerful man he was
at stowing away number one Bass. Barrel of Bass. See? It all works out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A procession of whitesmocked sandwichmen marched slowly towards him along the
gutter, scarlet sashes across their boards. Bargains. Like that priest they are
this morning: we have sinned: we have suffered. He read the scarlet letters on
their five tall white hats: H. E. L. Y. S. Wisdom Hely’s. Y lagging behind drew
a chunk of bread from under his foreboard, crammed it into his mouth and
munched as he walked. Our staple food. Three bob a day, walking along the
gutters, street after street. Just keep skin and bone together, bread and
skilly. They are not Boyl: no, M’Glade’s men. Doesn’t bring in any business
either. I suggested to him about a transparent showcart with two smart girls
sitting inside writing letters, copybooks, envelopes, blottingpaper. I bet that
would have caught on. Smart girls writing something catch the eye at once.
Everyone dying to know what she’s writing. Get twenty of them round you if you
stare at nothing. Have a finger in the pie. Women too. Curiosity. Pillar of
salt. Wouldn’t have it of course because he didn’t think of it himself first.
Or the inkbottle I suggested with a false stain of black celluloid. His ideas
for ads like Plumtree’s potted under the obituaries, cold meat department. You
can’t lick ’em. What? Our envelopes. Hello, Jones, where are you going? Can’t
stop, Robinson, I am hastening to purchase the only reliable inkeraser
<em>Kansell,</em> sold by Hely’s Ltd, 85 Dame street. Well out of that ruck I am.
Devil of a job it was collecting accounts of those convents. Tranquilla
convent. That was a nice nun there, really sweet face. Wimple suited her small
head. Sister? Sister? I am sure she was crossed in love by her eyes. Very hard
to bargain with that sort of a woman. I disturbed her at her devotions that
morning. But glad to communicate with the outside world. Our great day, she
said. Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel. Sweet name too: caramel. She knew I, I
think she knew by the way she. If she had married she would have changed. I
suppose they really were short of money. Fried everything in the best butter
all the same. No lard for them. My heart’s broke eating dripping. They like
buttering themselves in and out. Molly tasting it, her veil up. Sister? Pat
Claffey, the pawnbroker’s daughter. It was a nun they say invented barbed wire.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He crossed Westmoreland street when apostrophe S had plodded by. Rover
cycleshop. Those races are on today. How long ago is that? Year Phil Gilligan
died. We were in Lombard street west. Wait: was in Thom’s. Got the job in
Wisdom Hely’s year we married. Six years. Ten years ago: ninetyfour he died yes
that’s right the big fire at Arnott’s. Val Dillon was lord mayor. The Glencree
dinner. Alderman Robert O’Reilly emptying the port into his soup before the
flag fell. Bobbob lapping it for the inner alderman. Couldn’t hear what the
band played. For what we have already received may the Lord make us. Milly was
a kiddy then. Molly had that elephantgrey dress with the braided frogs.
Mantailored with selfcovered buttons. She didn’t like it because I sprained my
ankle first day she wore choir picnic at the Sugarloaf. As if that. Old
Goodwin’s tall hat done up with some sticky stuff. Flies’ picnic too. Never put
a dress on her back like it. Fitted her like a glove, shoulders and hips. Just
beginning to plump it out well. Rabbitpie we had that day. People looking after
her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Happy. Happier then. Snug little room that was with the red wallpaper.
Dockrell’s, one and ninepence a dozen. Milly’s tubbing night. American soap I
bought: elderflower. Cosy smell of her bathwater. Funny she looked soaped all
over. Shapely too. Now photography. Poor papa’s daguerreotype atelier he told
me of. Hereditary taste.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked along the curbstone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stream of life. What was the name of that priestylooking chap was always
squinting in when he passed? Weak eyes, woman. Stopped in Citron’s saint
Kevin’s parade. Pen something. Pendennis? My memory is getting. Pen ...? Of
course it’s years ago. Noise of the trams probably. Well, if he couldn’t
remember the dayfather’s name that he sees every day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bartell d’Arcy was the tenor, just coming out then. Seeing her home after
practice. Conceited fellow with his waxedup moustache. Gave her that song
<em>Winds that blow from the south</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Windy night that was I went to fetch her there was that lodge meeting on about
those lottery tickets after Goodwin’s concert in the supperroom or oakroom of
the Mansion house. He and I behind. Sheet of her music blew out of my hand
against the High school railings. Lucky it didn’t. Thing like that spoils the
effect of a night for her. Professor Goodwin linking her in front. Shaky on his
pins, poor old sot. His farewell concerts. Positively last appearance on any
stage. May be for months and may be for never. Remember her laughing at the
wind, her blizzard collar up. Corner of Harcourt road remember that gust.
Brrfoo! Blew up all her skirts and her boa nearly smothered old Goodwin. She
did get flushed in the wind. Remember when we got home raking up the fire and
frying up those pieces of lap of mutton for her supper with the Chutney sauce
she liked. And the mulled rum. Could see her in the bedroom from the hearth
unclamping the busk of her stays: white.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Swish and soft flop her stays made on the bed. Always warm from her. Always
liked to let her self out. Sitting there after till near two taking out her
hairpins. Milly tucked up in beddyhouse. Happy. Happy. That was the night...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, Mr Bloom, how do you do?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, how do you do, Mrs Breen?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No use complaining. How is Molly those times? Haven’t seen her for ages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—In the pink, Mr Bloom said gaily. Milly has a position down in
Mullingar, you know.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Go away! Isn’t that grand for her?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes. In a photographer’s there. Getting on like a house on fire. How are
all your charges?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—All on the baker’s list, Mrs Breen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How many has she? No other in sight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You’re in black, I see. You have no...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said. I have just come from a funeral.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Going to crop up all day, I foresee. Who’s dead, when and what did he die of?
Turn up like a bad penny.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, dear me, Mrs Breen said. I hope it wasn’t any near relation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>May as well get her sympathy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dignam, Mr Bloom said. An old friend of mine. He died quite suddenly,
poor fellow. Heart trouble, I believe. Funeral was this morning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Your funeral’s tomorrow<br/>While you’re coming through the rye.<br/>Diddlediddle dumdum<br/>Diddlediddle...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sad to lose the old friends, Mrs Breen’s womaneyes said melancholily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Now that’s quite enough about that. Just: quietly: husband.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And your lord and master?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mrs Breen turned up her two large eyes. Hasn’t lost them anyhow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, don’t be talking! she said. He’s a caution to rattlesnakes. He’s in
there now with his lawbooks finding out the law of libel. He has me
heartscalded. Wait till I show you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hot mockturtle vapour and steam of newbaked jampuffs rolypoly poured out from
Harrison’s. The heavy noonreek tickled the top of Mr Bloom’s gullet. Want to
make good pastry, butter, best flour, Demerara sugar, or they’d taste it with
the hot tea. Or is it from her? A barefoot arab stood over the grating,
breathing in the fumes. Deaden the gnaw of hunger that way. Pleasure or pain is
it? Penny dinner. Knife and fork chained to the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Opening her handbag, chipped leather. Hatpin: ought to have a guard on those
things. Stick it in a chap’s eye in the tram. Rummaging. Open. Money. Please
take one. Devils if they lose sixpence. Raise Cain. Husband barging. Where’s
the ten shillings I gave you on Monday? Are you feeding your little brother’s
family? Soiled handkerchief: medicinebottle. Pastille that was fell. What is
she?...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There must be a new moon out, she said. He’s always bad then. Do you
know what he did last night?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Her hand ceased to rummage. Her eyes fixed themselves on him, wide in alarm,
yet smiling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Let her speak. Look straight in her eyes. I believe you. Trust me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Woke me up in the night, she said. Dream he had, a nightmare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indiges.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Said the ace of spades was walking up the stairs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The ace of spades! Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She took a folded postcard from her handbag.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Read that, she said. He got it this morning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is it? Mr Bloom asked, taking the card. U. P.?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—U. p: up, she said. Someone taking a rise out of him. It’s a great shame
for them whoever he is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Indeed it is, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She took back the card, sighing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And now he’s going round to Mr Menton’s office. He’s going to take an
action for ten thousand pounds, he says.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She folded the card into her untidy bag and snapped the catch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Same blue serge dress she had two years ago, the nap bleaching. Seen its best
days. Wispish hair over her ears. And that dowdy toque: three old grapes to
take the harm out of it. Shabby genteel. She used to be a tasty dresser. Lines
round her mouth. Only a year or so older than Molly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See the eye that woman gave her, passing. Cruel. The unfair sex.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked still at her, holding back behind his look his discontent. Pungent
mockturtle oxtail mulligatawny. I’m hungry too. Flakes of pastry on the gusset
of her dress: daub of sugary flour stuck to her cheek. Rhubarb tart with
liberal fillings, rich fruit interior. Josie Powell that was. In Luke Doyle’s
long ago. Dolphin’s Barn, the charades. U. p: up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Change the subject.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you ever see anything of Mrs Beaufoy? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mina Purefoy? she said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Philip Beaufoy I was thinking. Playgoers’ Club. Matcham often thinks of the
masterstroke. Did I pull the chain? Yes. The last act.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I just called to ask on the way in is she over it. She’s in the lying-in
hospital in Holles street. Dr Horne got her in. She’s three days bad now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, Mr Bloom said. I’m sorry to hear that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mrs Breen said. And a houseful of kids at home. It’s a very stiff
birth, the nurse told me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His heavy pitying gaze absorbed her news. His tongue clacked in compassion.
Dth! Dth!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m sorry to hear that, he said. Poor thing! Three days! That’s terrible
for her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mrs Breen nodded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—She was taken bad on the Tuesday...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom touched her funnybone gently, warning her:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mind! Let this man pass.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A bony form strode along the curbstone from the river staring with a rapt gaze
into the sunlight through a heavystringed glass. Tight as a skullpiece a tiny
hat gripped his head. From his arm a folded dustcoat, a stick and an umbrella
dangled to his stride.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Watch him, Mr Bloom said. He always walks outside the lampposts. Watch!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who is he if it’s a fair question? Mrs Breen asked. Is he dotty?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—His name is Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, Mr Bloom
said smiling. Watch!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He has enough of them, she said. Denis will be like that one of these
days.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She broke off suddenly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There he is, she said. I must go after him. Goodbye. Remember me to
Molly, won’t you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I will, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He watched her dodge through passers towards the shopfronts. Denis Breen in
skimpy frockcoat and blue canvas shoes shuffled out of Harrison’s hugging two
heavy tomes to his ribs. Blown in from the bay. Like old times. He suffered her
to overtake him without surprise and thrust his dull grey beard towards her,
his loose jaw wagging as he spoke earnestly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Meshuggah. Off his chump.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom walked on again easily, seeing ahead of him in sunlight the tight
skullpiece, the dangling stickumbrelladustcoat. Going the two days. Watch him!
Out he goes again. One way of getting on in the world. And that other old mosey
lunatic in those duds. Hard time she must have with him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>U. p: up. I’ll take my oath that’s Alf Bergan or Richie Goulding. Wrote it for
a lark in the Scotch house I bet anything. Round to Menton’s office. His oyster
eyes staring at the postcard. Be a feast for the gods.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He passed the <em>Irish Times</em>. There might be other answers lying there.
Like to answer them all. Good system for criminals. Code. At their lunch now.
Clerk with the glasses there doesn’t know me. O, leave them there to simmer.
Enough bother wading through fortyfour of them. Wanted, smart lady typist to
aid gentleman in literary work. I called you naughty darling because I do not
like that other world. Please tell me what is the meaning. Please tell me what
perfume does your wife. Tell me who made the world. The way they spring those
questions on you. And the other one Lizzie Twigg. My literary efforts have had
the good fortune to meet with the approval of the eminent poet A. E. (Mr Geo.
Russell). No time to do her hair drinking sloppy tea with a book of poetry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Best paper by long chalks for a small ad. Got the provinces now. Cook and
general, exc. cuisine, housemaid kept. Wanted live man for spirit counter.
Resp. girl (R.C.) wishes to hear of post in fruit or pork shop. James Carlisle
made that. Six and a half per cent dividend. Made a big deal on Coates’s
shares. Ca’ canny. Cunning old Scotch hunks. All the toady news. Our gracious
and popular vicereine. Bought the <em>Irish Field</em> now. Lady Mountcashel has
quite recovered after her confinement and rode out with the Ward Union
staghounds at the enlargement yesterday at Rathoath. Uneatable fox. Pothunters
too. Fear injects juices make it tender enough for them. Riding astride. Sit
her horse like a man. Weightcarrying huntress. No sidesaddle or pillion for
her, not for Joe. First to the meet and in at the death. Strong as a brood mare
some of those horsey women. Swagger around livery stables. Toss off a glass of
brandy neat while you’d say knife. That one at the Grosvenor this morning. Up
with her on the car: wishswish. Stonewall or fivebarred gate put her mount to
it. Think that pugnosed driver did it out of spite. Who is this she was like? O
yes! Mrs Miriam Dandrade that sold me her old wraps and black underclothes in
the Shelbourne hotel. Divorced Spanish American. Didn’t take a feather out of
her my handling them. As if I was her clotheshorse. Saw her in the viceregal
party when Stubbs the park ranger got me in with Whelan of the <em>Express.</em>
Scavenging what the quality left. High tea. Mayonnaise I poured on the plums
thinking it was custard. Her ears ought to have tingled for a few weeks after.
Want to be a bull for her. Born courtesan. No nursery work for her, thanks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Poor Mrs Purefoy! Methodist husband. Method in his madness. Saffron bun and
milk and soda lunch in the educational dairy. Y. M. C. A. Eating with a
stopwatch, thirtytwo chews to the minute. And still his muttonchop whiskers
grew. Supposed to be well connected. Theodore’s cousin in Dublin Castle. One
tony relative in every family. Hardy annuals he presents her with. Saw him out
at the Three Jolly Topers marching along bareheaded and his eldest boy carrying
one in a marketnet. The squallers. Poor thing! Then having to give the breast
year after year all hours of the night. Selfish those t.t’s are. Dog in the
manger. Only one lump of sugar in my tea, if you please.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stood at Fleet street crossing. Luncheon interval. A sixpenny at Rowe’s?
Must look up that ad in the national library. An eightpenny in the Burton.
Better. On my way.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked on past Bolton’s Westmoreland house. Tea. Tea. Tea. I forgot to tap
Tom Kernan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sss. Dth, dth, dth! Three days imagine groaning on a bed with a vinegared
handkerchief round her forehead, her belly swollen out. Phew! Dreadful simply!
Child’s head too big: forceps. Doubled up inside her trying to butt its way out
blindly, groping for the way out. Kill me that would. Lucky Molly got over hers
lightly. They ought to invent something to stop that. Life with hard labour.
Twilight sleep idea: queen Victoria was given that. Nine she had. A good layer.
Old woman that lived in a shoe she had so many children. Suppose he was
consumptive. Time someone thought about it instead of gassing about the what
was it the pensive bosom of the silver effulgence. Flapdoodle to feed fools on.
They could easily have big establishments whole thing quite painless out of all
the taxes give every child born five quid at compound interest up to twentyone
five per cent is a hundred shillings and five tiresome pounds multiply by
twenty decimal system encourage people to put by money save hundred and ten and
a bit twentyone years want to work it out on paper come to a tidy sum more than
you think.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Not stillborn of course. They are not even registered. Trouble for nothing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Funny sight two of them together, their bellies out. Molly and Mrs Moisel.
Mothers’ meeting. Phthisis retires for the time being, then returns. How flat
they look all of a sudden after. Peaceful eyes. Weight off their mind. Old Mrs
Thornton was a jolly old soul. All my babies, she said. The spoon of pap in her
mouth before she fed them. O, that’s nyumnyum. Got her hand crushed by old Tom
Wall’s son. His first bow to the public. Head like a prize pumpkin. Snuffy Dr
Murren. People knocking them up at all hours. For God’ sake, doctor. Wife in
her throes. Then keep them waiting months for their fee. To attendance on your
wife. No gratitude in people. Humane doctors, most of them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Before the huge high door of the Irish house of parliament a flock of pigeons
flew. Their little frolic after meals. Who will we do it on? I pick the fellow
in black. Here goes. Here’s good luck. Must be thrilling from the air. Apjohn,
myself and Owen Goldberg up in the trees near Goose green playing the monkeys.
Mackerel they called me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A squad of constables debouched from College street, marching in Indian file.
Goosestep. Foodheated faces, sweating helmets, patting their truncheons. After
their feed with a good load of fat soup under their belts. Policeman’s lot is
oft a happy one. They split up in groups and scattered, saluting, towards their
beats. Let out to graze. Best moment to attack one in pudding time. A punch in
his dinner. A squad of others, marching irregularly, rounded Trinity railings
making for the station. Bound for their troughs. Prepare to receive cavalry.
Prepare to receive soup.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He crossed under Tommy Moore’s roguish finger. They did right to put him up
over a urinal: meeting of the waters. Ought to be places for women. Running
into cakeshops. Settle my hat straight. <em>There is not in this wide world a
vallee</em>. Great song of Julia Morkan’s. Kept her voice up to the very last.
Pupil of Michael Balfe’s, wasn’t she?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He gazed after the last broad tunic. Nasty customers to tackle. Jack Power
could a tale unfold: father a G man. If a fellow gave them trouble being lagged
they let him have it hot and heavy in the bridewell. Can’t blame them after all
with the job they have especially the young hornies. That horsepoliceman the
day Joe Chamberlain was given his degree in Trinity he got a run for his money.
My word he did! His horse’s hoofs clattering after us down Abbey street. Lucky
I had the presence of mind to dive into Manning’s or I was souped. He did come
a wallop, by George. Must have cracked his skull on the cobblestones. I
oughtn’t to have got myself swept along with those medicals. And the Trinity
jibs in their mortarboards. Looking for trouble. Still I got to know that young
Dixon who dressed that sting for me in the Mater and now he’s in Holles street
where Mrs Purefoy. Wheels within wheels. Police whistle in my ears still. All
skedaddled. Why he fixed on me. Give me in charge. Right here it began.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Up the Boers!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Three cheers for De Wet!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We’ll hang Joe Chamberlain on a sourapple tree.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Silly billies: mob of young cubs yelling their guts out. Vinegar hill. The
Butter exchange band. Few years’ time half of them magistrates and civil
servants. War comes on: into the army helterskelter: same fellows used to.
Whether on the scaffold high.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Never know who you’re talking to. Corny Kelleher he has Harvey Duff in his eye.
Like that Peter or Denis or James Carey that blew the gaff on the invincibles.
Member of the corporation too. Egging raw youths on to get in the know all the
time drawing secret service pay from the castle. Drop him like a hot potato.
Why those plainclothes men are always courting slaveys. Easily twig a man used
to uniform. Squarepushing up against a backdoor. Maul her a bit. Then the next
thing on the menu. And who is the gentleman does be visiting there? Was the
young master saying anything? Peeping Tom through the keyhole. Decoy duck.
Hotblooded young student fooling round her fat arms ironing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are those yours, Mary?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I don’t wear such things... Stop or I’ll tell the missus on you. Out
half the night.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There are great times coming, Mary. Wait till you see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah, gelong with your great times coming.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Barmaids too. Tobaccoshopgirls.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>James Stephens’ idea was the best. He knew them. Circles of ten so that a
fellow couldn’t round on more than his own ring. Sinn Fein. Back out you get
the knife. Hidden hand. Stay in. The firing squad. Turnkey’s daughter got him
out of Richmond, off from Lusk. Putting up in the Buckingham Palace hotel under
their very noses. Garibaldi.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You must have a certain fascination: Parnell. Arthur Griffith is a squareheaded
fellow but he has no go in him for the mob. Or gas about our lovely land.
Gammon and spinach. Dublin Bakery Company’s tearoom. Debating societies. That
republicanism is the best form of government. That the language question should
take precedence of the economic question. Have your daughters inveigling them
to your house. Stuff them up with meat and drink. Michaelmas goose. Here’s a
good lump of thyme seasoning under the apron for you. Have another quart of
goosegrease before it gets too cold. Halffed enthusiasts. Penny roll and a walk
with the band. No grace for the carver. The thought that the other chap pays
best sauce in the world. Make themselves thoroughly at home. Show us over those
apricots, meaning peaches. The not far distant day. Homerule sun rising up in
the northwest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His smile faded as he walked, a heavy cloud hiding the sun slowly, shadowing
Trinity’s surly front. Trams passed one another, ingoing, outgoing, clanging.
Useless words. Things go on same, day after day: squads of police marching out,
back: trams in, out. Those two loonies mooching about. Dignam carted off. Mina
Purefoy swollen belly on a bed groaning to have a child tugged out of her. One
born every second somewhere. Other dying every second. Since I fed the birds
five minutes. Three hundred kicked the bucket. Other three hundred born,
washing the blood off, all are washed in the blood of the lamb, bawling
maaaaaa.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cityful passing away, other cityful coming, passing away too: other coming on,
passing on. Houses, lines of houses, streets, miles of pavements, piledup
bricks, stones. Changing hands. This owner, that. Landlord never dies they say.
Other steps into his shoes when he gets his notice to quit. They buy the place
up with gold and still they have all the gold. Swindle in it somewhere. Piled
up in cities, worn away age after age. Pyramids in sand. Built on bread and
onions. Slaves Chinese wall. Babylon. Big stones left. Round towers. Rest
rubble, sprawling suburbs, jerrybuilt. Kerwan’s mushroom houses built of
breeze. Shelter, for the night.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No-one is anything.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is the very worst hour of the day. Vitality. Dull, gloomy: hate this hour.
Feel as if I had been eaten and spewed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Provost’s house. The reverend Dr Salmon: tinned salmon. Well tinned in there.
Like a mortuary chapel. Wouldn’t live in it if they paid me. Hope they have
liver and bacon today. Nature abhors a vacuum.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The sun freed itself slowly and lit glints of light among the silverware
opposite in Walter Sexton’s window by which John Howard Parnell passed,
unseeing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There he is: the brother. Image of him. Haunting face. Now that’s a
coincidence. Course hundreds of times you think of a person and don’t meet him.
Like a man walking in his sleep. No-one knows him. Must be a corporation
meeting today. They say he never put on the city marshal’s uniform since he got
the job. Charley Kavanagh used to come out on his high horse, cocked hat,
puffed, powdered and shaved. Look at the woebegone walk of him. Eaten a bad
egg. Poached eyes on ghost. I have a pain. Great man’s brother: his brother’s
brother. He’d look nice on the city charger. Drop into the D.B.C. probably for
his coffee, play chess there. His brother used men as pawns. Let them all go to
pot. Afraid to pass a remark on him. Freeze them up with that eye of his.
That’s the fascination: the name. All a bit touched. Mad Fanny and his other
sister Mrs Dickinson driving about with scarlet harness. Bolt upright like
surgeon M’Ardle. Still David Sheehy beat him for south Meath. Apply for the
Chiltern Hundreds and retire into public life. The patriot’s banquet. Eating
orangepeels in the park. Simon Dedalus said when they put him in parliament
that Parnell would come back from the grave and lead him out of the house of
commons by the arm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Of the twoheaded octopus, one of whose heads is the head upon which the
ends of the world have forgotten to come while the other speaks with a Scotch
accent. The tentacles...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They passed from behind Mr Bloom along the curbstone. Beard and bicycle. Young
woman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And there he is too. Now that’s really a coincidence: second time. Coming
events cast their shadows before. With the approval of the eminent poet, Mr
Geo. Russell. That might be Lizzie Twigg with him. A. E.: what does that mean?
Initials perhaps. Albert Edward, Arthur Edmund, Alphonsus Eb Ed El Esquire.
What was he saying? The ends of the world with a Scotch accent. Tentacles:
octopus. Something occult: symbolism. Holding forth. She’s taking it all in.
Not saying a word. To aid gentleman in literary work.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His eyes followed the high figure in homespun, beard and bicycle, a listening
woman at his side. Coming from the vegetarian. Only weggebobbles and fruit.
Don’t eat a beefsteak. If you do the eyes of that cow will pursue you through
all eternity. They say it’s healthier. Windandwatery though. Tried it. Keep you
on the run all day. Bad as a bloater. Dreams all night. Why do they call that
thing they gave me nutsteak? Nutarians. Fruitarians. To give you the idea you
are eating rumpsteak. Absurd. Salty too. They cook in soda. Keep you sitting by
the tap all night.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Her stockings are loose over her ankles. I detest that: so tasteless. Those
literary etherial people they are all. Dreamy, cloudy, symbolistic. Esthetes
they are. I wouldn’t be surprised if it was that kind of food you see produces
the like waves of the brain the poetical. For example one of those policemen
sweating Irish stew into their shirts you couldn’t squeeze a line of poetry out
of him. Don’t know what poetry is even. Must be in a certain mood.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dreamy cloudy gull<br/>Waves o’er the waters dull.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He crossed at Nassau street corner and stood before the window of Yeates and
Son, pricing the fieldglasses. Or will I drop into old Harris’s and have a chat
with young Sinclair? Wellmannered fellow. Probably at his lunch. Must get those
old glasses of mine set right. Goerz lenses six guineas. Germans making their
way everywhere. Sell on easy terms to capture trade. Undercutting. Might chance
on a pair in the railway lost property office. Astonishing the things people
leave behind them in trains and cloakrooms. What do they be thinking about?
Women too. Incredible. Last year travelling to Ennis had to pick up that
farmer’s daughter’s bag and hand it to her at Limerick junction. Unclaimed
money too. There’s a little watch up there on the roof of the bank to test
those glasses by.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His lids came down on the lower rims of his irides. Can’t see it. If you
imagine it’s there you can almost see it. Can’t see it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He faced about and, standing between the awnings, held out his right hand at
arm’s length towards the sun. Wanted to try that often. Yes: completely. The
tip of his little finger blotted out the sun’s disk. Must be the focus where
the rays cross. If I had black glasses. Interesting. There was a lot of talk
about those sunspots when we were in Lombard street west. Looking up from the
back garden. Terrific explosions they are. There will be a total eclipse this
year: autumn some time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Now that I come to think of it that ball falls at Greenwich time. It’s the
clock is worked by an electric wire from Dunsink. Must go out there some first
Saturday of the month. If I could get an introduction to professor Joly or
learn up something about his family. That would do to: man always feels
complimented. Flattery where least expected. Nobleman proud to be descended
from some king’s mistress. His foremother. Lay it on with a trowel. Cap in hand
goes through the land. Not go in and blurt out what you know you’re not to:
what’s parallax? Show this gentleman the door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ah.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His hand fell to his side again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Never know anything about it. Waste of time. Gasballs spinning about, crossing
each other, passing. Same old dingdong always. Gas: then solid: then world:
then cold: then dead shell drifting around, frozen rock, like that pineapple
rock. The moon. Must be a new moon out, she said. I believe there is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went on by la maison Claire.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wait. The full moon was the night we were Sunday fortnight exactly there is a
new moon. Walking down by the Tolka. Not bad for a Fairview moon. She was
humming. The young May moon she’s beaming, love. He other side of her. Elbow,
arm. He. Glowworm’s la-amp is gleaming, love. Touch. Fingers. Asking. Answer.
Yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stop. Stop. If it was it was. Must.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom, quickbreathing, slowlier walking passed Adam court.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With a keep quiet relief his eyes took note this is the street here middle of
the day of Bob Doran’s bottle shoulders. On his annual bend, M’Coy said. They
drink in order to say or do something or <em>cherchez la femme</em>. Up in the
Coombe with chummies and streetwalkers and then the rest of the year sober as a
judge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes. Thought so. Sloping into the Empire. Gone. Plain soda would do him good.
Where Pat Kinsella had his Harp theatre before Whitbred ran the Queen’s. Broth
of a boy. Dion Boucicault business with his harvestmoon face in a poky bonnet.
Three Purty Maids from School. How time flies, eh? Showing long red pantaloons
under his skirts. Drinkers, drinking, laughed spluttering, their drink against
their breath. More power, Pat. Coarse red: fun for drunkards: guffaw and smoke.
Take off that white hat. His parboiled eyes. Where is he now? Beggar somewhere.
The harp that once did starve us all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I was happier then. Or was that I? Or am I now I? Twentyeight I was. She
twentythree. When we left Lombard street west something changed. Could never
like it again after Rudy. Can’t bring back time. Like holding water in your
hand. Would you go back to then? Just beginning then. Would you? Are you not
happy in your home you poor little naughty boy? Wants to sew on buttons for me.
I must answer. Write it in the library.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Grafton street gay with housed awnings lured his senses. Muslin prints,
silkdames and dowagers, jingle of harnesses, hoofthuds lowringing in the baking
causeway. Thick feet that woman has in the white stockings. Hope the rain mucks
them up on her. Countrybred chawbacon. All the beef to the heels were in.
Always gives a woman clumsy feet. Molly looks out of plumb.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He passed, dallying, the windows of Brown Thomas, silk mercers. Cascades of
ribbons. Flimsy China silks. A tilted urn poured from its mouth a flood of
bloodhued poplin: lustrous blood. The huguenots brought that here. <em>La causa
è santa!</em> Tara tara. Great chorus that. Taree tara. Must be washed in
rainwater. Meyerbeer. Tara: bom bom bom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pincushions. I’m a long time threatening to buy one. Sticking them all over the
place. Needles in window curtains.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He bared slightly his left forearm. Scrape: nearly gone. Not today anyhow. Must
go back for that lotion. For her birthday perhaps. Junejulyaugseptember eighth.
Nearly three months off. Then she mightn’t like it. Women won’t pick up pins.
Say it cuts lo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gleaming silks, petticoats on slim brass rails, rays of flat silk stockings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Useless to go back. Had to be. Tell me all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>High voices. Sunwarm silk. Jingling harnesses. All for a woman, home and
houses, silkwebs, silver, rich fruits spicy from Jaffa. Agendath Netaim. Wealth
of the world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A warm human plumpness settled down on his brain. His brain yielded. Perfume of
embraces all him assailed. With hungered flesh obscurely, he mutely craved to
adore.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Duke street. Here we are. Must eat. The Burton. Feel better then.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned Combridge’s corner, still pursued. Jingling, hoofthuds. Perfumed
bodies, warm, full. All kissed, yielded: in deep summer fields, tangled pressed
grass, in trickling hallways of tenements, along sofas, creaking beds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Jack, love!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Darling!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Kiss me, Reggy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—My boy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Love!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His heart astir he pushed in the door of the Burton restaurant. Stink gripped
his trembling breath: pungent meatjuice, slush of greens. See the animals feed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Men, men, men.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Perched on high stools by the bar, hats shoved back, at the tables calling for
more bread no charge, swilling, wolfing gobfuls of sloppy food, their eyes
bulging, wiping wetted moustaches. A pallid suetfaced young man polished his
tumbler knife fork and spoon with his napkin. New set of microbes. A man with
an infant’s saucestained napkin tucked round him shovelled gurgling soup down
his gullet. A man spitting back on his plate: halfmasticated gristle: gums: no
teeth to chewchewchew it. Chump chop from the grill. Bolting to get it over.
Sad booser’s eyes. Bitten off more than he can chew. Am I like that? See
ourselves as others see us. Hungry man is an angry man. Working tooth and jaw.
Don’t! O! A bone! That last pagan king of Ireland Cormac in the schoolpoem
choked himself at Sletty southward of the Boyne. Wonder what he was eating.
Something galoptious. Saint Patrick converted him to Christianity. Couldn’t
swallow it all however.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Roast beef and cabbage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—One stew.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Smells of men. Spat-on sawdust, sweetish warmish cigarettesmoke, reek of plug,
spilt beer, men’s beery piss, the stale of ferment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His gorge rose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Couldn’t eat a morsel here. Fellow sharpening knife and fork to eat all before
him, old chap picking his tootles. Slight spasm, full, chewing the cud. Before
and after. Grace after meals. Look on this picture then on that. Scoffing up
stewgravy with sopping sippets of bread. Lick it off the plate, man! Get out of
this.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He gazed round the stooled and tabled eaters, tightening the wings of his nose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Two stouts here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—One corned and cabbage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That fellow ramming a knifeful of cabbage down as if his life depended on it.
Good stroke. Give me the fidgets to look. Safer to eat from his three hands.
Tear it limb from limb. Second nature to him. Born with a silver knife in his
mouth. That’s witty, I think. Or no. Silver means born rich. Born with a knife.
But then the allusion is lost.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An illgirt server gathered sticky clattering plates. Rock, the head bailiff,
standing at the bar blew the foamy crown from his tankard. Well up: it splashed
yellow near his boot. A diner, knife and fork upright, elbows on table, ready
for a second helping stared towards the foodlift across his stained square of
newspaper. Other chap telling him something with his mouth full. Sympathetic
listener. Table talk. I munched hum un thu Unchster Bunk un Munchday. Ha? Did
you, faith?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom raised two fingers doubtfully to his lips. His eyes said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Not here. Don’t see him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Out. I hate dirty eaters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He backed towards the door. Get a light snack in Davy Byrne’s. Stopgap. Keep me
going. Had a good breakfast.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Roast and mashed here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pint of stout.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Every fellow for his own, tooth and nail. Gulp. Grub. Gulp. Gobstuff.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He came out into clearer air and turned back towards Grafton street. Eat or be
eaten. Kill! Kill!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Suppose that communal kitchen years to come perhaps. All trotting down with
porringers and tommycans to be filled. Devour contents in the street. John
Howard Parnell example the provost of Trinity every mother’s son don’t talk of
your provosts and provost of Trinity women and children cabmen priests parsons
fieldmarshals archbishops. From Ailesbury road, Clyde road, artisans’
dwellings, north Dublin union, lord mayor in his gingerbread coach, old queen
in a bathchair. My plate’s empty. After you with our incorporated drinkingcup.
Like sir Philip Crampton’s fountain. Rub off the microbes with your
handkerchief. Next chap rubs on a new batch with his. Father O’Flynn would make
hares of them all. Have rows all the same. All for number one. Children
fighting for the scrapings of the pot. Want a souppot as big as the Phoenix
park. Harpooning flitches and hindquarters out of it. Hate people all round
you. City Arms hotel <em>table d’hôte</em> she called it. Soup, joint and sweet.
Never know whose thoughts you’re chewing. Then who’d wash up all the plates and
forks? Might be all feeding on tabloids that time. Teeth getting worse and
worse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After all there’s a lot in that vegetarian fine flavour of things from the
earth garlic of course it stinks after Italian organgrinders crisp of onions
mushrooms truffles. Pain to the animal too. Pluck and draw fowl. Wretched
brutes there at the cattlemarket waiting for the poleaxe to split their skulls
open. Moo. Poor trembling calves. Meh. Staggering bob. Bubble and squeak.
Butchers’ buckets wobbly lights. Give us that brisket off the hook. Plup.
Rawhead and bloody bones. Flayed glasseyed sheep hung from their haunches,
sheepsnouts bloodypapered snivelling nosejam on sawdust. Top and lashers going
out. Don’t maul them pieces, young one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hot fresh blood they prescribe for decline. Blood always needed. Insidious.
Lick it up smokinghot, thick sugary. Famished ghosts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ah, I’m hungry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He entered Davy Byrne’s. Moral pub. He doesn’t chat. Stands a drink now and
then. But in leapyear once in four. Cashed a cheque for me once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What will I take now? He drew his watch. Let me see now. Shandygaff?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Bloom, Nosey Flynn said from his nook.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Flynn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How’s things?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tiptop... Let me see. I’ll take a glass of burgundy and... let me see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sardines on the shelves. Almost taste them by looking. Sandwich? Ham and his
descendants musterred and bred there. Potted meats. What is home without
Plumtree’s potted meat? Incomplete. What a stupid ad! Under the obituary
notices they stuck it. All up a plumtree. Dignam’s potted meat. Cannibals would
with lemon and rice. White missionary too salty. Like pickled pork. Expect the
chief consumes the parts of honour. Ought to be tough from exercise. His wives
in a row to watch the effect. <em>There was a right royal old nigger. Who ate or
something the somethings of the reverend Mr MacTrigger</em>. With it an abode of
bliss. Lord knows what concoction. Cauls mouldy tripes windpipes faked and
minced up. Puzzle find the meat. Kosher. No meat and milk together. Hygiene
that was what they call now. Yom Kippur fast spring cleaning of inside. Peace
and war depend on some fellow’s digestion. Religions. Christmas turkeys and
geese. Slaughter of innocents. Eat drink and be merry. Then casual wards full
after. Heads bandaged. Cheese digests all but itself. Mity cheese.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Have you a cheese sandwich?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Like a few olives too if they had them. Italian I prefer. Good glass of
burgundy take away that. Lubricate. A nice salad, cool as a cucumber, Tom
Kernan can dress. Puts gusto into it. Pure olive oil. Milly served me that
cutlet with a sprig of parsley. Take one Spanish onion. God made food, the
devil the cooks. Devilled crab.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wife well?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Quite well, thanks... A cheese sandwich, then. Gorgonzola, have you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nosey Flynn sipped his grog.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Doing any singing those times?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Look at his mouth. Could whistle in his own ear. Flap ears to match. Music.
Knows as much about it as my coachman. Still better tell him. Does no harm.
Free ad.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—She’s engaged for a big tour end of this month. You may have heard
perhaps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No. O, that’s the style. Who’s getting it up?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The curate served.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How much is that?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Seven d., sir... Thank you, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom cut his sandwich into slender strips. <em>Mr MacTrigger</em>. Easier
than the dreamy creamy stuff. <em>His five hundred wives. Had the time of their
lives.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mustard, sir?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thank you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He studded under each lifted strip yellow blobs. <em>Their lives</em>. I have it.
<em>It grew bigger and bigger and bigger</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Getting it up? he said. Well, it’s like a company idea, you see. Part
shares and part profits.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, now I remember, Nosey Flynn said, putting his hand in his pocket to
scratch his groin. Who is this was telling me? Isn’t Blazes Boylan mixed up in
it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A warm shock of air heat of mustard hanched on Mr Bloom’s heart. He raised his
eyes and met the stare of a bilious clock. Two. Pub clock five minutes fast.
Time going on. Hands moving. Two. Not yet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His midriff yearned then upward, sank within him, yearned more longly,
longingly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He smellsipped the cordial juice and, bidding his throat strongly to speed it,
set his wineglass delicately down.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, he said. He’s the organiser in point of fact.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No fear: no brains.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nosey Flynn snuffled and scratched. Flea having a good square meal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He had a good slice of luck, Jack Mooney was telling me, over that
boxingmatch Myler Keogh won again that soldier in the Portobello barracks. By
God, he had the little kipper down in the county Carlow he was telling me...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hope that dewdrop doesn’t come down into his glass. No, snuffled it up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—For near a month, man, before it came off. Sucking duck eggs by God till
further orders. Keep him off the boose, see? O, by God, Blazes is a hairy chap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Davy Byrne came forward from the hindbar in tuckstitched shirtsleeves, cleaning
his lips with two wipes of his napkin. Herring’s blush. Whose smile upon each
feature plays with such and such replete. Too much fat on the parsnips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And here’s himself and pepper on him, Nosey Flynn said. Can you give us
a good one for the Gold cup?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m off that, Mr Flynn, Davy Byrne answered. I never put anything on a
horse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You’re right there, Nosey Flynn said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom ate his strips of sandwich, fresh clean bread, with relish of disgust
pungent mustard, the feety savour of green cheese. Sips of his wine soothed his
palate. Not logwood that. Tastes fuller this weather with the chill off.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nice quiet bar. Nice piece of wood in that counter. Nicely planed. Like the way
it curves there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I wouldn’t do anything at all in that line, Davy Byrne said. It ruined
many a man, the same horses.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Vintners’ sweepstake. Licensed for the sale of beer, wine and spirits for
consumption on the premises. Heads I win tails you lose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—True for you, Nosey Flynn said. Unless you’re in the know. There’s no
straight sport going now. Lenehan gets some good ones. He’s giving Sceptre
today. Zinfandel’s the favourite, Lord Howard de Walden’s, won at Epsom. Morny
Cannon is riding him. I could have got seven to one against Saint Amant a
fortnight before.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That so? Davy Byrne said...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went towards the window and, taking up the pettycash book, scanned its
pages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I could, faith, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling. That was a rare bit of
horseflesh. Saint Frusquin was her sire. She won in a thunderstorm,
Rothschild’s filly, with wadding in her ears. Blue jacket and yellow cap. Bad
luck to big Ben Dollard and his John O’Gaunt. He put me off it. Ay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He drank resignedly from his tumbler, running his fingers down the flutes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, he said, sighing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom, champing, standing, looked upon his sigh. Nosey numbskull. Will I
tell him that horse Lenehan? He knows already. Better let him forget. Go and
lose more. Fool and his money. Dewdrop coming down again. Cold nose he’d have
kissing a woman. Still they might like. Prickly beards they like. Dogs’ cold
noses. Old Mrs Riordan with the rumbling stomach’s Skye terrier in the City
Arms hotel. Molly fondling him in her lap. O, the big doggybowwowsywowsy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wine soaked and softened rolled pith of bread mustard a moment mawkish cheese.
Nice wine it is. Taste it better because I’m not thirsty. Bath of course does
that. Just a bite or two. Then about six o’clock I can. Six. Six. Time will be
gone then. She...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mild fire of wine kindled his veins. I wanted that badly. Felt so off colour.
His eyes unhungrily saw shelves of tins: sardines, gaudy lobsters’ claws. All
the odd things people pick up for food. Out of shells, periwinkles with a pin,
off trees, snails out of the ground the French eat, out of the sea with bait on
a hook. Silly fish learn nothing in a thousand years. If you didn’t know risky
putting anything into your mouth. Poisonous berries. Johnny Magories. Roundness
you think good. Gaudy colour warns you off. One fellow told another and so on.
Try it on the dog first. Led on by the smell or the look. Tempting fruit. Ice
cones. Cream. Instinct. Orangegroves for instance. Need artificial irrigation.
Bleibtreustrasse. Yes but what about oysters. Unsightly like a clot of phlegm.
Filthy shells. Devil to open them too. Who found them out? Garbage, sewage they
feed on. Fizz and Red bank oysters. Effect on the sexual. Aphrodis. He was in
the Red Bank this morning. Was he oysters old fish at table perhaps he young
flesh in bed no June has no ar no oysters. But there are people like things
high. Tainted game. Jugged hare. First catch your hare. Chinese eating eggs
fifty years old, blue and green again. Dinner of thirty courses. Each dish
harmless might mix inside. Idea for a poison mystery. That archduke Leopold was
it no yes or was it Otto one of those Habsburgs? Or who was it used to eat the
scruff off his own head? Cheapest lunch in town. Of course aristocrats, then
the others copy to be in the fashion. Milly too rock oil and flour. Raw pastry
I like myself. Half the catch of oysters they throw back in the sea to keep up
the price. Cheap no-one would buy. Caviare. Do the grand. Hock in green
glasses. Swell blowout. Lady this. Powdered bosom pearls. The <em>élite. Crème
de la crème</em>. They want special dishes to pretend they’re. Hermit with a
platter of pulse keep down the stings of the flesh. Know me come eat with me.
Royal sturgeon high sheriff, Coffey, the butcher, right to venisons of the
forest from his ex. Send him back the half of a cow. Spread I saw down in the
Master of the Rolls’ kitchen area. Whitehatted <em>chef</em> like a rabbi.
Combustible duck. Curly cabbage <em>à la duchesse de Parme</em>. Just as well to
write it on the bill of fare so you can know what you’ve eaten. Too many drugs
spoil the broth. I know it myself. Dosing it with Edwards’ desiccated soup.
Geese stuffed silly for them. Lobsters boiled alive. Do ptake some ptarmigan.
Wouldn’t mind being a waiter in a swell hotel. Tips, evening dress, halfnaked
ladies. May I tempt you to a little more filleted lemon sole, miss Dubedat?
Yes, do bedad. And she did bedad. Huguenot name I expect that. A miss Dubedat
lived in Killiney, I remember. <em>Du de la</em> is French. Still it’s the same
fish perhaps old Micky Hanlon of Moore street ripped the guts out of making
money hand over fist finger in fishes’ gills can’t write his name on a cheque
think he was painting the landscape with his mouth twisted. Moooikill A Aitcha
Ha ignorant as a kish of brogues, worth fifty thousand pounds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stuck on the pane two flies buzzed, stuck.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Glowing wine on his palate lingered swallowed. Crushing in the winepress grapes
of Burgundy. Sun’s heat it is. Seems to a secret touch telling me memory.
Touched his sense moistened remembered. Hidden under wild ferns on Howth below
us bay sleeping: sky. No sound. The sky. The bay purple by the Lion’s head.
Green by Drumleck. Yellowgreen towards Sutton. Fields of undersea, the lines
faint brown in grass, buried cities. Pillowed on my coat she had her hair,
earwigs in the heather scrub my hand under her nape, you’ll toss me all. O
wonder! Coolsoft with ointments her hand touched me, caressed: her eyes upon me
did not turn away. Ravished over her I lay, full lips full open, kissed her
mouth. Yum. Softly she gave me in my mouth the seedcake warm and chewed.
Mawkish pulp her mouth had mumbled sweetsour of her spittle. Joy: I ate it:
joy. Young life, her lips that gave me pouting. Soft warm sticky gumjelly lips.
Flowers her eyes were, take me, willing eyes. Pebbles fell. She lay still. A
goat. No-one. High on Ben Howth rhododendrons a nannygoat walking surefooted,
dropping currants. Screened under ferns she laughed warmfolded. Wildly I lay on
her, kissed her: eyes, her lips, her stretched neck beating, woman’s breasts
full in her blouse of nun’s veiling, fat nipples upright. Hot I tongued her.
She kissed me. I was kissed. All yielding she tossed my hair. Kissed, she
kissed me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Me. And me now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stuck, the flies buzzed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His downcast eyes followed the silent veining of the oaken slab. Beauty: it
curves: curves are beauty. Shapely goddesses, Venus, Juno: curves the world
admires. Can see them library museum standing in the round hall, naked
goddesses. Aids to digestion. They don’t care what man looks. All to see. Never
speaking. I mean to say to fellows like Flynn. Suppose she did Pygmalion and
Galatea what would she say first? Mortal! Put you in your proper place.
Quaffing nectar at mess with gods golden dishes, all ambrosial. Not like a
tanner lunch we have, boiled mutton, carrots and turnips, bottle of Allsop.
Nectar imagine it drinking electricity: gods’ food. Lovely forms of women
sculped Junonian. Immortal lovely. And we stuffing food in one hole and out
behind: food, chyle, blood, dung, earth, food: have to feed it like stoking an
engine. They have no. Never looked. I’ll look today. Keeper won’t see. Bend
down let something fall see if she.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dribbling a quiet message from his bladder came to go to do not to do there to
do. A man and ready he drained his glass to the lees and walked, to men too
they gave themselves, manly conscious, lay with men lovers, a youth enjoyed
her, to the yard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the sound of his boots had ceased Davy Byrne said from his book:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is this he is? Isn’t he in the insurance line?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s out of that long ago, Nosey Flynn said. He does canvassing for the
<em>Freeman.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know him well to see, Davy Byrne said. Is he in trouble?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Trouble? Nosey Flynn said. Not that I heard of. Why?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I noticed he was in mourning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Was he? Nosey Flynn said. So he was, faith. I asked him how was all at
home. You’re right, by God. So he was.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I never broach the subject, Davy Byrne said humanely, if I see a
gentleman is in trouble that way. It only brings it up fresh in their minds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s not the wife anyhow, Nosey Flynn said. I met him the day before
yesterday and he coming out of that Irish farm dairy John Wyse Nolan’s wife has
in Henry street with a jar of cream in his hand taking it home to his better
half. She’s well nourished, I tell you. Plovers on toast.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And is he doing for the <em>Freeman?</em> Davy Byrne said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nosey Flynn pursed his lips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He doesn’t buy cream on the ads he picks up. You can make bacon of that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How so? Davy Byrne asked, coming from his book.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nosey Flynn made swift passes in the air with juggling fingers. He winked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s in the craft, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you tell me so? Davy Byrne said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Very much so, Nosey Flynn said. Ancient free and accepted order. He’s an
excellent brother. Light, life and love, by God. They give him a leg up. I was
told that by a—well, I won’t say who.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is that a fact?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, it’s a fine order, Nosey Flynn said. They stick to you when you’re
down. I know a fellow was trying to get into it. But they’re as close as damn
it. By God they did right to keep the women out of it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Davy Byrne smiledyawnednodded all in one:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Iiiiiichaaaaaaach!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There was one woman, Nosey Flynn said, hid herself in a clock to find
out what they do be doing. But be damned but they smelt her out and swore her
in on the spot a master mason. That was one of the saint Legers of Doneraile.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Davy Byrne, sated after his yawn, said with tearwashed eyes:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And is that a fact? Decent quiet man he is. I often saw him in here and
I never once saw him—you know, over the line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—God Almighty couldn’t make him drunk, Nosey Flynn said firmly. Slips off
when the fun gets too hot. Didn’t you see him look at his watch? Ah, you
weren’t there. If you ask him to have a drink first thing he does he outs with
the watch to see what he ought to imbibe. Declare to God he does.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There are some like that, Davy Byrne said. He’s a safe man, I’d say.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s not too bad, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling it up. He’s been known to
put his hand down too to help a fellow. Give the devil his due. O, Bloom has
his good points. But there’s one thing he’ll never do.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His hand scrawled a dry pen signature beside his grog.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know, Davy Byrne said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Nothing in black and white, Nosey Flynn said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Paddy Leonard and Bantam Lyons came in. Tom Rochford followed frowning, a
plaining hand on his claret waistcoat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Day, Mr Byrne.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Day, gentlemen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They paused at the counter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who’s standing? Paddy Leonard asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m sitting anyhow, Nosey Flynn answered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, what’ll it be? Paddy Leonard asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll take a stone ginger, Bantam Lyons said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How much? Paddy Leonard cried. Since when, for God’ sake? What’s yours,
Tom?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How is the main drainage? Nosey Flynn asked, sipping.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For answer Tom Rochford pressed his hand to his breastbone and hiccupped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Would I trouble you for a glass of fresh water, Mr Byrne? he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Certainly, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Paddy Leonard eyed his alemates.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Lord love a duck, he said. Look at what I’m standing drinks to! Cold
water and gingerpop! Two fellows that would suck whisky off a sore leg. He has
some bloody horse up his sleeve for the Gold cup. A dead snip.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Zinfandel is it? Nosey Flynn asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tom Rochford spilt powder from a twisted paper into the water set before him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That cursed dyspepsia, he said before drinking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Breadsoda is very good, Davy Byrne said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tom Rochford nodded and drank.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is it Zinfandel?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Say nothing! Bantam Lyons winked. I’m going to plunge five bob on my
own.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tell us if you’re worth your salt and be damned to you, Paddy Leonard
said. Who gave it to you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom on his way out raised three fingers in greeting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—So long! Nosey Flynn said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The others turned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s the man now that gave it to me, Bantam Lyons whispered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Prrwht! Paddy Leonard said with scorn. Mr Byrne, sir, we’ll take two of
your small Jamesons after that and a...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Stone ginger, Davy Byrne added civilly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, Paddy Leonard said. A suckingbottle for the baby.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom walked towards Dawson street, his tongue brushing his teeth smooth.
Something green it would have to be: spinach, say. Then with those Röntgen rays
searchlight you could.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At Duke lane a ravenous terrier choked up a sick knuckly cud on the
cobblestones and lapped it with new zest. Surfeit. Returned with thanks having
fully digested the contents. First sweet then savoury. Mr Bloom coasted warily.
Ruminants. His second course. Their upper jaw they move. Wonder if Tom Rochford
will do anything with that invention of his? Wasting time explaining it to
Flynn’s mouth. Lean people long mouths. Ought to be a hall or a place where
inventors could go in and invent free. Course then you’d have all the cranks
pestering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He hummed, prolonging in solemn echo the closes of the bars:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Don Giovanni, a cenar teco<br/>M’invitasti.</p>
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<p>Feel better. Burgundy. Good pick me up. Who distilled first? Some chap in the
blues. Dutch courage. That <em>Kilkenny People</em> in the national library now I
must.</p>
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<p>Bare clean closestools waiting in the window of William Miller, plumber, turned
back his thoughts. They could: and watch it all the way down, swallow a pin
sometimes come out of the ribs years after, tour round the body changing
biliary duct spleen squirting liver gastric juice coils of intestines like
pipes. But the poor buffer would have to stand all the time with his insides
entrails on show. Science.</p>
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<p>—<em>A cenar teco.</em></p>
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<p>What does that <em>teco</em> mean? Tonight perhaps.</p>
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<p>Don Giovanni, thou hast me invited<br/>To come to supper tonight,<br/>The rum the rumdum.</p>
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<p>Doesn’t go properly.</p>
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<p>Keyes: two months if I get Nannetti to. That’ll be two pounds ten about two
pounds eight. Three Hynes owes me. Two eleven. Prescott’s dyeworks van over
there. If I get Billy Prescott’s ad: two fifteen. Five guineas about. On the
pig’s back.</p>
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<p>Could buy one of those silk petticoats for Molly, colour of her new garters.</p>
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<p>Today. Today. Not think.</p>
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<p>Tour the south then. What about English wateringplaces? Brighton, Margate.
Piers by moonlight. Her voice floating out. Those lovely seaside girls. Against
John Long’s a drowsing loafer lounged in heavy thought, gnawing a crusted
knuckle. Handy man wants job. Small wages. Will eat anything.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom turned at Gray’s confectioner’s window of unbought tarts and passed
the reverend Thomas Connellan’s bookstore. <em>Why I left the church of Rome?
Birds’ Nest.</em> Women run him. They say they used to give pauper children soup
to change to protestants in the time of the potato blight. Society over the way
papa went to for the conversion of poor jews. Same bait. Why we left the church
of Rome.</p>
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<p>A blind stripling stood tapping the curbstone with his slender cane. No tram in
sight. Wants to cross.</p>
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<p>—Do you want to cross? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
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<p>The blind stripling did not answer. His wallface frowned weakly. He moved his
head uncertainly.</p>
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<p>—You’re in Dawson street, Mr Bloom said. Molesworth street is opposite.
Do you want to cross? There’s nothing in the way.</p>
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<p>The cane moved out trembling to the left. Mr Bloom’s eye followed its line and
saw again the dyeworks’ van drawn up before Drago’s. Where I saw his
brillantined hair just when I was. Horse drooping. Driver in John Long’s.
Slaking his drouth.</p>
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<p>—There’s a van there, Mr Bloom said, but it’s not moving. I’ll see you
across. Do you want to go to Molesworth street?</p>
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<p>—Yes, the stripling answered. South Frederick street.</p>
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<p>—Come, Mr Bloom said.</p>
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<p>He touched the thin elbow gently: then took the limp seeing hand to guide it
forward.</p>
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<p>Say something to him. Better not do the condescending. They mistrust what you
tell them. Pass a common remark.</p>
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<p>—The rain kept off.</p>
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<p>No answer.</p>
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<p>Stains on his coat. Slobbers his food, I suppose. Tastes all different for him.
Have to be spoonfed first. Like a child’s hand, his hand. Like Milly’s was.
Sensitive. Sizing me up I daresay from my hand. Wonder if he has a name. Van.
Keep his cane clear of the horse’s legs: tired drudge get his doze. That’s
right. Clear. Behind a bull: in front of a horse.</p>
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<p>—Thanks, sir.</p>
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<p>Knows I’m a man. Voice.</p>
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<p>—Right now? First turn to the left.</p>
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<p>The blind stripling tapped the curbstone and went on his way, drawing his cane
back, feeling again.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom walked behind the eyeless feet, a flatcut suit of herringbone tweed.
Poor young fellow! How on earth did he know that van was there? Must have felt
it. See things in their forehead perhaps: kind of sense of volume. Weight or
size of it, something blacker than the dark. Wonder would he feel it if
something was removed. Feel a gap. Queer idea of Dublin he must have, tapping
his way round by the stones. Could he walk in a beeline if he hadn’t that cane?
Bloodless pious face like a fellow going in to be a priest.</p>
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<p>Penrose! That was that chap’s name.</p>
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<p>Look at all the things they can learn to do. Read with their fingers. Tune
pianos. Or we are surprised they have any brains. Why we think a deformed
person or a hunchback clever if he says something we might say. Of course the
other senses are more. Embroider. Plait baskets. People ought to help.
Workbasket I could buy for Molly’s birthday. Hates sewing. Might take an
objection. Dark men they call them.</p>
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<p>Sense of smell must be stronger too. Smells on all sides, bunched together.
Each street different smell. Each person too. Then the spring, the summer:
smells. Tastes? They say you can’t taste wines with your eyes shut or a cold in
the head. Also smoke in the dark they say get no pleasure.</p>
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<p>And with a woman, for instance. More shameless not seeing. That girl passing
the Stewart institution, head in the air. Look at me. I have them all on. Must
be strange not to see her. Kind of a form in his mind’s eye. The voice,
temperatures: when he touches her with his fingers must almost see the lines,
the curves. His hands on her hair, for instance. Say it was black, for
instance. Good. We call it black. Then passing over her white skin. Different
feel perhaps. Feeling of white.</p>
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<p>Postoffice. Must answer. Fag today. Send her a postal order two shillings, half
a crown. Accept my little present. Stationer’s just here too. Wait. Think over
it.</p>
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<p>With a gentle finger he felt ever so slowly the hair combed back above his
ears. Again. Fibres of fine fine straw. Then gently his finger felt the skin of
his right cheek. Downy hair there too. Not smooth enough. The belly is the
smoothest. No-one about. There he goes into Frederick street. Perhaps to
Levenston’s dancing academy piano. Might be settling my braces.</p>
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<p>Walking by Doran’s publichouse he slid his hand between his waistcoat and
trousers and, pulling aside his shirt gently, felt a slack fold of his belly.
But I know it’s whitey yellow. Want to try in the dark to see.</p>
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<p>He withdrew his hand and pulled his dress to.</p>
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<p>Poor fellow! Quite a boy. Terrible. Really terrible. What dreams would he have,
not seeing? Life a dream for him. Where is the justice being born that way? All
those women and children excursion beanfeast burned and drowned in New York.
Holocaust. Karma they call that transmigration for sins you did in a past life
the reincarnation met him pike hoses. Dear, dear, dear. Pity, of course: but
somehow you can’t cotton on to them someway.</p>
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<p>Sir Frederick Falkiner going into the freemasons’ hall. Solemn as Troy. After
his good lunch in Earlsfort terrace. Old legal cronies cracking a magnum. Tales
of the bench and assizes and annals of the bluecoat school. I sentenced him to
ten years. I suppose he’d turn up his nose at that stuff I drank. Vintage wine
for them, the year marked on a dusty bottle. Has his own ideas of justice in
the recorder’s court. Wellmeaning old man. Police chargesheets crammed with
cases get their percentage manufacturing crime. Sends them to the rightabout.
The devil on moneylenders. Gave Reuben J a great strawcalling. Now he’s really
what they call a dirty jew. Power those judges have. Crusty old topers in wigs.
Bear with a sore paw. And may the Lord have mercy on your soul.</p>
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<p>Hello, placard. Mirus bazaar. His Excellency the lord lieutenant. Sixteenth.
Today it is. In aid of funds for Mercer’s hospital. <em>The Messiah</em> was
first given for that. Yes. Handel. What about going out there: Ballsbridge.
Drop in on Keyes. No use sticking to him like a leech. Wear out my welcome.
Sure to know someone on the gate.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom came to Kildare street. First I must. Library.</p>
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<p>Straw hat in sunlight. Tan shoes. Turnedup trousers. It is. It is.</p>
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<p>His heart quopped softly. To the right. Museum. Goddesses. He swerved to the
right.</p>
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<p>Is it? Almost certain. Won’t look. Wine in my face. Why did I? Too heady. Yes,
it is. The walk. Not see. Get on.</p>
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<p>Making for the museum gate with long windy steps he lifted his eyes. Handsome
building. Sir Thomas Deane designed. Not following me?</p>
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<p>Didn’t see me perhaps. Light in his eyes.</p>
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<p>The flutter of his breath came forth in short sighs. Quick. Cold statues: quiet
there. Safe in a minute.</p>
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<p>No. Didn’t see me. After two. Just at the gate.</p>
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<p>My heart!</p>
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<p>His eyes beating looked steadfastly at cream curves of stone. Sir Thomas Deane
was the Greek architecture.</p>
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<p>Look for something I.</p>
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<p>His hasty hand went quick into a pocket, took out, read unfolded Agendath
Netaim. Where did I?</p>
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<p>Busy looking.</p>
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<p>He thrust back quick Agendath.</p>
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<p>Afternoon she said.</p>
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<p>I am looking for that. Yes, that. Try all pockets. Handker. <em>Freeman.</em>
Where did I? Ah, yes. Trousers. Potato. Purse. Where?</p>
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<p>Hurry. Walk quietly. Moment more. My heart.</p>
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<p>His hand looking for the where did I put found in his hip pocket soap lotion
have to call tepid paper stuck. Ah soap there I yes. Gate.</p>
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<p>Safe!</p>
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</div>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_pgepubid00075" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_chap09"></span>[ 9 ]</h3>
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<p>Urbane, to comfort them, the quaker librarian purred:</p>
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<p>—And we have, have we not, those priceless pages of <em>Wilhelm
Meister</em>. A great poet on a great brother poet. A hesitating soul taking
arms against a sea of troubles, torn by conflicting doubts, as one sees in real
life.</p>
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<p>He came a step a sinkapace forward on neatsleather creaking and a step backward
a sinkapace on the solemn floor.</p>
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<p>A noiseless attendant setting open the door but slightly made him a noiseless
beck.</p>
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<p>—Directly, said he, creaking to go, albeit lingering. The beautiful
ineffectual dreamer who comes to grief against hard facts. One always feels
that Goethe’s judgments are so true. True in the larger analysis.</p>
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<p>Twicreakingly analysis he corantoed off. Bald, most zealous by the door he gave
his large ear all to the attendant’s words: heard them: and was gone.</p>
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<p>Two left.</p>
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<p>—Monsieur de la Palice, Stephen sneered, was alive fifteen minutes before
his death.</p>
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<p>—Have you found those six brave medicals, John Eglinton asked with
elder’s gall, to write <em>Paradise Lost</em> at your dictation? <em>The Sorrows
of Satan</em> he calls it.</p>
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<p>Smile. Smile Cranly’s smile.</p>
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<p>First he tickled her<br/>Then he patted her<br/>Then he passed the female catheter<br/>For he was a medical<br/>Jolly old medi...</p>
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<p>—I feel you would need one more for <em>Hamlet.</em> Seven is dear to the
mystic mind. The shining seven W.B. calls them.</p>
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<p>Glittereyed his rufous skull close to his greencapped desklamp sought the face
bearded amid darkgreener shadow, an ollav, holyeyed. He laughed low: a sizar’s
laugh of Trinity: unanswered.</p>
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<p>Orchestral Satan, weeping many a rood<br/>Tears such as angels weep.<br/>Ed egli avea del cul fatto trombetta.</p>
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<p>He holds my follies hostage.</p>
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<p>Cranly’s eleven true Wicklowmen to free their sireland. Gaptoothed Kathleen,
her four beautiful green fields, the stranger in her house. And one more to
hail him: <em>ave, rabbi</em>: the Tinahely twelve. In the shadow of the glen he
cooees for them. My soul’s youth I gave him, night by night. God speed. Good
hunting.</p>
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<p>Mulligan has my telegram.</p>
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<p>Folly. Persist.</p>
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<p>—Our young Irish bards, John Eglinton censured, have yet to create a
figure which the world will set beside Saxon Shakespeare’s Hamlet though I
admire him, as old Ben did, on this side idolatry.</p>
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<p>—All these questions are purely academic, Russell oracled out of his
shadow. I mean, whether Hamlet is Shakespeare or James I or Essex. Clergymen’s
discussions of the historicity of Jesus. Art has to reveal to us ideas,
formless spiritual essences. The supreme question about a work of art is out of
how deep a life does it spring. The painting of Gustave Moreau is the painting
of ideas. The deepest poetry of Shelley, the words of Hamlet bring our minds
into contact with the eternal wisdom, Plato’s world of ideas. All the rest is
the speculation of schoolboys for schoolboys.</p>
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<p>A. E. has been telling some yankee interviewer. Wall, tarnation strike me!</p>
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<p>—The schoolmen were schoolboys first, Stephen said superpolitely.
Aristotle was once Plato’s schoolboy.</p>
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<p>—And has remained so, one should hope, John Eglinton sedately said. One
can see him, a model schoolboy with his diploma under his arm.</p>
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<p>He laughed again at the now smiling bearded face.</p>
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<p>Formless spiritual. Father, Word and Holy Breath. Allfather, the heavenly man.
Hiesos Kristos, magician of the beautiful, the Logos who suffers in us at every
moment. This verily is that. I am the fire upon the altar. I am the sacrificial
butter.</p>
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<p>Dunlop, Judge, the noblest Roman of them all, A.E., Arval, the Name Ineffable,
in heaven hight: K.H., their master, whose identity is no secret to adepts.
Brothers of the great white lodge always watching to see if they can help. The
Christ with the bridesister, moisture of light, born of an ensouled virgin,
repentant sophia, departed to the plane of buddhi. The life esoteric is not for
ordinary person. O.P. must work off bad karma first. Mrs Cooper Oakley once
glimpsed our very illustrious sister H.P.B.’s elemental.</p>
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<p>O, fie! Out on’t! <em>Pfuiteufel!</em> You naughtn’t to look, missus, so you
naughtn’t when a lady’s ashowing of her elemental.</p>
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<p>Mr Best entered, tall, young, mild, light. He bore in his hand with grace a
notebook, new, large, clean, bright.</p>
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<p>—That model schoolboy, Stephen said, would find Hamlet’s musings about
the afterlife of his princely soul, the improbable, insignificant and
undramatic monologue, as shallow as Plato’s.</p>
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<p>John Eglinton, frowning, said, waxing wroth:</p>
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<p>—Upon my word it makes my blood boil to hear anyone compare Aristotle
with Plato.</p>
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<p>—Which of the two, Stephen asked, would have banished me from his
commonwealth?</p>
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<p>Unsheathe your dagger definitions. Horseness is the whatness of allhorse.
Streams of tendency and eons they worship. God: noise in the street: very
peripatetic. Space: what you damn well have to see. Through spaces smaller than
red globules of man’s blood they creepycrawl after Blake’s buttocks into
eternity of which this vegetable world is but a shadow. Hold to the now, the
here, through which all future plunges to the past.</p>
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<p>Mr Best came forward, amiable, towards his colleague.</p>
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<p>—Haines is gone, he said.</p>
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<p>—Is he?</p>
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<p>—I was showing him Jubainville’s book. He’s quite enthusiastic, don’t you
know, about Hyde’s <em>Lovesongs of Connacht.</em> I couldn’t bring him in to
hear the discussion. He’s gone to Gill’s to buy it.</p>
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<p>Bound thee forth, my booklet, quick<br/>To greet the callous public.<br/>Writ, I ween, ’twas not my wish<br/>In lean unlovely English.</p>
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<p>—The peatsmoke is going to his head, John Eglinton opined.</p>
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<p>We feel in England. Penitent thief. Gone. I smoked his baccy. Green twinkling
stone. An emerald set in the ring of the sea.</p>
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<p>—People do not know how dangerous lovesongs can be, the auric egg of
Russell warned occultly. The movements which work revolutions in the world are
born out of the dreams and visions in a peasant’s heart on the hillside. For
them the earth is not an exploitable ground but the living mother. The rarefied
air of the academy and the arena produce the sixshilling novel, the musichall
song. France produces the finest flower of corruption in Mallarmé but the
desirable life is revealed only to the poor of heart, the life of Homer’s
Phæacians.</p>
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<p>From these words Mr Best turned an unoffending face to Stephen.</p>
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<p>—Mallarmé, don’t you know, he said, has written those wonderful prose
poems Stephen MacKenna used to read to me in Paris. The one about
<em>Hamlet.</em> He says: <em>il se promène, lisant au livre de lui-même</em>,
don’t you know, <em>reading the book of himself</em>. He describes <em>Hamlet</em>
given in a French town, don’t you know, a provincial town. They advertised it.</p>
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<p>His free hand graciously wrote tiny signs in air.</p>
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<p><em>Hamlet<br/>ou<br/>Le Distrait<br/>Pièce de Shakespeare</em></p>
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<p>He repeated to John Eglinton’s newgathered frown:</p>
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<p>—<em>Pièce de Shakespeare</em>, don’t you know. It’s so French. The French
point of view. <em>Hamlet ou</em>...</p>
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<p>—The absentminded beggar, Stephen ended.</p>
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<p>John Eglinton laughed.</p>
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<p>—Yes, I suppose it would be, he said. Excellent people, no doubt, but
distressingly shortsighted in some matters.</p>
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<p>Sumptuous and stagnant exaggeration of murder.</p>
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<p>—A deathsman of the soul Robert Greene called him, Stephen said. Not for
nothing was he a butcher’s son, wielding the sledded poleaxe and spitting in
his palms. Nine lives are taken off for his father’s one. Our Father who art in
purgatory. Khaki Hamlets don’t hesitate to shoot. The bloodboltered shambles in
act five is a forecast of the concentration camp sung by Mr Swinburne.</p>
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<p>Cranly, I his mute orderly, following battles from afar.</p>
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<p>Whelps and dams of murderous foes whom none<br/>But we had spared...</p>
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<p>Between the Saxon smile and yankee yawp. The devil and the deep sea.</p>
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<p>—He will have it that <em>Hamlet</em> is a ghoststory, John Eglinton said
for Mr Best’s behoof. Like the fat boy in Pickwick he wants to make our flesh
creep.</p>
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<p>List! List! O List!</p>
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<p>My flesh hears him: creeping, hears.</p>
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<p>If thou didst ever...</p>
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<p>—What is a ghost? Stephen said with tingling energy. One who has faded
into impalpability through death, through absence, through change of manners.
Elizabethan London lay as far from Stratford as corrupt Paris lies from virgin
Dublin. Who is the ghost from <em>limbo patrum</em>, returning to the world that
has forgotten him? Who is King Hamlet?</p>
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<p>John Eglinton shifted his spare body, leaning back to judge.</p>
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<p>Lifted.</p>
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<p>—It is this hour of a day in mid June, Stephen said, begging with a swift
glance their hearing. The flag is up on the playhouse by the bankside. The bear
Sackerson growls in the pit near it, Paris garden. Canvasclimbers who sailed
with Drake chew their sausages among the groundlings.</p>
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<p>Local colour. Work in all you know. Make them accomplices.</p>
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<p>—Shakespeare has left the huguenot’s house in Silver street and walks by
the swanmews along the riverbank. But he does not stay to feed the pen chivying
her game of cygnets towards the rushes. The swan of Avon has other thoughts.</p>
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<p>Composition of place. Ignatius Loyola, make haste to help me!</p>
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<p>—The play begins. A player comes on under the shadow, made up in the
castoff mail of a court buck, a wellset man with a bass voice. It is the ghost,
the king, a king and no king, and the player is Shakespeare who has studied
<em>Hamlet</em> all the years of his life which were not vanity in order to play
the part of the spectre. He speaks the words to Burbage, the young player who
stands before him beyond the rack of cerecloth, calling him by a name:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hamlet, I am thy father’s spirit,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>bidding him list. To a son he speaks, the son of his soul, the prince, young
Hamlet and to the son of his body, Hamnet Shakespeare, who has died in
Stratford that his namesake may live for ever.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Is it possible that that player Shakespeare, a ghost by absence, and in the
vesture of buried Denmark, a ghost by death, speaking his own words to his own
son’s name (had Hamnet Shakespeare lived he would have been prince Hamlet’s
twin), is it possible, I want to know, or probable that he did not draw or
foresee the logical conclusion of those premises: you are the dispossessed son:
I am the murdered father: your mother is the guilty queen, Ann Shakespeare,
born Hathaway?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But this prying into the family life of a great man, Russell began
impatiently.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Art thou there, truepenny?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Interesting only to the parish clerk. I mean, we have the plays. I mean
when we read the poetry of <em>King Lear</em> what is it to us how the poet
lived? As for living our servants can do that for us, Villiers de l’Isle has
said. Peeping and prying into greenroom gossip of the day, the poet’s drinking,
the poet’s debts. We have <em>King Lear</em>: and it is immortal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Best’s face, appealed to, agreed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Flow over them with your waves and with your waters,<br/>Mananaan, Mananaan MacLir...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How now, sirrah, that pound he lent you when you were hungry?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Marry, I wanted it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Take thou this noble.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Go to! You spent most of it in Georgina Johnson’s bed, clergyman’s daughter.
Agenbite of inwit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Do you intend to pay it back?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When? Now?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Well... No.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When, then?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I paid my way. I paid my way.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Steady on. He’s from beyant Boyne water. The northeast corner. You owe it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wait. Five months. Molecules all change. I am other I now. Other I got pound.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buzz. Buzz.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But I, entelechy, form of forms, am I by memory because under everchanging
forms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I that sinned and prayed and fasted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A child Conmee saved from pandies.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I, I and I. I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A.E.I.O.U.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you mean to fly in the face of the tradition of three centuries? John
Eglinton’s carping voice asked. Her ghost at least has been laid for ever. She
died, for literature at least, before she was born.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—She died, Stephen retorted, sixtyseven years after she was born. She saw
him into and out of the world. She took his first embraces. She bore his
children and she laid pennies on his eyes to keep his eyelids closed when he
lay on his deathbed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mother’s deathbed. Candle. The sheeted mirror. Who brought me into this world
lies there, bronzelidded, under few cheap flowers. <em>Liliata rutilantium.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I wept alone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Eglinton looked in the tangled glowworm of his lamp.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The world believes that Shakespeare made a mistake, he said, and got out
of it as quickly and as best he could.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bosh! Stephen said rudely. A man of genius makes no mistakes. His errors
are volitional and are the portals of discovery.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Portals of discovery opened to let in the quaker librarian, softcreakfooted,
bald, eared and assiduous.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A shrew, John Eglinton said shrewdly, is not a useful portal of
discovery, one should imagine. What useful discovery did Socrates learn from
Xanthippe?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dialectic, Stephen answered: and from his mother how to bring thoughts
into the world. What he learnt from his other wife Myrto (<em>absit nomen!</em>),
Socratididion’s Epipsychidion, no man, not a woman, will ever know. But neither
the midwife’s lore nor the caudlelectures saved him from the archons of Sinn
Fein and their naggin of hemlock.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But Ann Hathaway? Mr Best’s quiet voice said forgetfully. Yes, we seem
to be forgetting her as Shakespeare himself forgot her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His look went from brooder’s beard to carper’s skull, to remind, to chide them
not unkindly, then to the baldpink lollard costard, guiltless though maligned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He had a good groatsworth of wit, Stephen said, and no truant memory. He
carried a memory in his wallet as he trudged to Romeville whistling <em>The girl
I left behind me.</em> If the earthquake did not time it we should know where to
place poor Wat, sitting in his form, the cry of hounds, the studded bridle and
her blue windows. That memory, <em>Venus and Adonis</em>, lay in the bedchamber
of every light-of-love in London. Is Katharine the shrew illfavoured? Hortensio
calls her young and beautiful. Do you think the writer of <em>Antony and
Cleopatra</em>, a passionate pilgrim, had his eyes in the back of his head that
he chose the ugliest doxy in all Warwickshire to lie withal? Good: he left her
and gained the world of men. But his boywomen are the women of a boy. Their
life, thought, speech are lent them by males. He chose badly? He was chosen, it
seems to me. If others have their will Ann hath a way. By cock, she was to
blame. She put the comether on him, sweet and twentysix. The greyeyed goddess
who bends over the boy Adonis, stooping to conquer, as prologue to the swelling
act, is a boldfaced Stratford wench who tumbles in a cornfield a lover younger
than herself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And my turn? When?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Come!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ryefield, Mr Best said brightly, gladly, raising his new book, gladly,
brightly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He murmured then with blond delight for all:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Between the acres of the rye<br/>These pretty countryfolk would lie.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Paris: the wellpleased pleaser.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A tall figure in bearded homespun rose from shadow and unveiled its cooperative
watch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I am afraid I am due at the <em>Homestead.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Whither away? Exploitable ground.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you going? John Eglinton’s active eyebrows asked. Shall we see you
at Moore’s tonight? Piper is coming.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Piper! Mr Best piped. Is Piper back?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Peter Piper pecked a peck of pick of peck of pickled pepper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I don’t know if I can. Thursday. We have our meeting. If I can get away
in time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yogibogeybox in Dawson chambers. <em>Isis Unveiled.</em> Their Pali book we tried
to pawn. Crosslegged under an umbrel umbershoot he thrones an Aztec logos,
functioning on astral levels, their oversoul, mahamahatma. The faithful
hermetists await the light, ripe for chelaship, ringroundabout him. Louis H.
Victory. T. Caulfield Irwin. Lotus ladies tend them i’the eyes, their pineal
glands aglow. Filled with his god, he thrones, Buddh under plantain. Gulfer of
souls, engulfer. Hesouls, shesouls, shoals of souls. Engulfed with wailing
creecries, whirled, whirling, they bewail.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In quintessential triviality<br/>For years in this fleshcase a shesoul dwelt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They say we are to have a literary surprise, the quaker librarian said,
friendly and earnest. Mr Russell, rumour has it, is gathering together a sheaf
of our younger poets’ verses. We are all looking forward anxiously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Anxiously he glanced in the cone of lamplight where three faces, lighted,
shone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See this. Remember.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen looked down on a wide headless caubeen, hung on his ashplanthandle over
his knee. My casque and sword. Touch lightly with two index fingers.
Aristotle’s experiment. One or two? Necessity is that in virtue of which it is
impossible that one can be otherwise. Argal, one hat is one hat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Listen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Young Colum and Starkey. George Roberts is doing the commercial part. Longworth
will give it a good puff in the <em>Express.</em> O, will he? I liked Colum’s
<em>Drover.</em> Yes, I think he has that queer thing genius. Do you think he has
genius really? Yeats admired his line: <em>As in wild earth a Grecian vase</em>.
Did he? I hope you’ll be able to come tonight. Malachi Mulligan is coming too.
Moore asked him to bring Haines. Did you hear Miss Mitchell’s joke about Moore
and Martyn? That Moore is Martyn’s wild oats? Awfully clever, isn’t it? They
remind one of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. Our national epic has yet to be
written, Dr Sigerson says. Moore is the man for it. A knight of the rueful
countenance here in Dublin. With a saffron kilt? O’Neill Russell? O, yes, he
must speak the grand old tongue. And his Dulcinea? James Stephens is doing some
clever sketches. We are becoming important, it seems.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cordelia. <em>Cordoglio.</em> Lir’s loneliest daughter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nookshotten. Now your best French polish.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thank you very much, Mr Russell, Stephen said, rising. If you will be so
kind as to give the letter to Mr Norman...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, yes. If he considers it important it will go in. We have so much
correspondence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I understand, Stephen said. Thanks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>God ild you. The pigs’ paper. Bullockbefriending.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Synge has promised me an article for <em>Dana</em> too. Are we going to be read?
I feel we are. The Gaelic league wants something in Irish. I hope you will come
round tonight. Bring Starkey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen sat down.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The quaker librarian came from the leavetakers. Blushing, his mask said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mr Dedalus, your views are most illuminating.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He creaked to and fro, tiptoing up nearer heaven by the altitude of a chopine,
and, covered by the noise of outgoing, said low:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is it your view, then, that she was not faithful to the poet?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alarmed face asks me. Why did he come? Courtesy or an inward light?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where there is a reconciliation, Stephen said, there must have been
first a sundering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Christfox in leather trews, hiding, a runaway in blighted treeforks, from hue
and cry. Knowing no vixen, walking lonely in the chase. Women he won to him,
tender people, a whore of Babylon, ladies of justices, bully tapsters’ wives.
Fox and geese. And in New Place a slack dishonoured body that once was comely,
once as sweet, as fresh as cinnamon, now her leaves falling, all, bare,
frighted of the narrow grave and unforgiven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes. So you think...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The door closed behind the outgoer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rest suddenly possessed the discreet vaulted cell, rest of warm and brooding
air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A vestal’s lamp.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here he ponders things that were not: what Cæsar would have lived to do had he
believed the soothsayer: what might have been: possibilities of the possible as
possible: things not known: what name Achilles bore when he lived among women.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Coffined thoughts around me, in mummycases, embalmed in spice of words. Thoth,
god of libraries, a birdgod, moonycrowned. And I heard the voice of that
Egyptian highpriest. <em>In painted chambers loaded with tilebooks.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They are still. Once quick in the brains of men. Still: but an itch of death is
in them, to tell me in my ear a maudlin tale, urge me to wreak their will.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Certainly, John Eglinton mused, of all great men he is the most
enigmatic. We know nothing but that he lived and suffered. Not even so much.
Others abide our question. A shadow hangs over all the rest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But <em>Hamlet</em> is so personal, isn’t it? Mr Best pleaded. I mean, a
kind of private paper, don’t you know, of his private life. I mean, I don’t
care a button, don’t you know, who is killed or who is guilty...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He rested an innocent book on the edge of the desk, smiling his defiance. His
private papers in the original. <em>Ta an bad ar an tir. Taim in mo shagart</em>.
Put beurla on it, littlejohn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Quoth littlejohn Eglinton:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I was prepared for paradoxes from what Malachi Mulligan told us but I
may as well warn you that if you want to shake my belief that Shakespeare is
Hamlet you have a stern task before you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bear with me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen withstood the bane of miscreant eyes glinting stern under wrinkled
brows. A basilisk. <em>E quando vede l’uomo l’attosca</em>. Messer Brunetto, I
thank thee for the word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—As we, or mother Dana, weave and unweave our bodies, Stephen said, from
day to day, their molecules shuttled to and fro, so does the artist weave and
unweave his image. And as the mole on my right breast is where it was when I
was born, though all my body has been woven of new stuff time after time, so
through the ghost of the unquiet father the image of the unliving son looks
forth. In the intense instant of imagination, when the mind, Shelley says, is a
fading coal, that which I was is that which I am and that which in possibility
I may come to be. So in the future, the sister of the past, I may see myself as
I sit here now but by reflection from that which then I shall be.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Drummond of Hawthornden helped you at that stile.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mr Best said youngly. I feel Hamlet quite young. The bitterness
might be from the father but the passages with Ophelia are surely from the son.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Has the wrong sow by the lug. He is in my father. I am in his son.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That mole is the last to go, Stephen said, laughing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Eglinton made a nothing pleasing mow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—If that were the birthmark of genius, he said, genius would be a drug in
the market. The plays of Shakespeare’s later years which Renan admired so much
breathe another spirit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The spirit of reconciliation, the quaker librarian breathed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There can be no reconciliation, Stephen said, if there has not been a
sundering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Said that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—If you want to know what are the events which cast their shadow over the
hell of time of <em>King Lear, Othello, Hamlet, Troilus and Cressida,</em> look
to see when and how the shadow lifts. What softens the heart of a man,
shipwrecked in storms dire, Tried, like another Ulysses, Pericles, prince of
Tyre?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Head, redconecapped, buffeted, brineblinded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A child, a girl, placed in his arms, Marina.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The leaning of sophists towards the bypaths of apocrypha is a constant
quantity, John Eglinton detected. The highroads are dreary but they lead to the
town.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Good Bacon: gone musty. Shakespeare Bacon’s wild oats. Cypherjugglers going the
highroads. Seekers on the great quest. What town, good masters? Mummed in
names: A. E., eon: Magee, John Eglinton. East of the sun, west of the moon:
<em>Tir na n-og</em>. Booted the twain and staved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How many miles to Dublin?<br/>Three score and ten, sir.<br/>Will we be there by candlelight?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mr Brandes accepts it, Stephen said, as the first play of the closing
period.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Does he? What does Mr Sidney Lee, or Mr Simon Lazarus as some aver his
name is, say of it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Marina, Stephen said, a child of storm, Miranda, a wonder, Perdita, that
which was lost. What was lost is given back to him: his daughter’s child. <em>My
dearest wife</em>, Pericles says, <em>was like this maid.</em> Will any man love
the daughter if he has not loved the mother?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The art of being a grandfather, Mr Best gan murmur. <em>L’art d’être
grand</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Will he not see reborn in her, with the memory of his own youth added,
another image?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Do you know what you are talking about? Love, yes. Word known to all men.
<em>Amor vero aliquid alicui bonum vult unde et ea quae concupiscimus ...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—His own image to a man with that queer thing genius is the standard of
all experience, material and moral. Such an appeal will touch him. The images
of other males of his blood will repel him. He will see in them grotesque
attempts of nature to foretell or to repeat himself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The benign forehead of the quaker librarian enkindled rosily with hope.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I hope Mr Dedalus will work out his theory for the enlightenment of the
public. And we ought to mention another Irish commentator, Mr George Bernard
Shaw. Nor should we forget Mr Frank Harris. His articles on Shakespeare in the
<em>Saturday Review</em> were surely brilliant. Oddly enough he too draws for us
an unhappy relation with the dark lady of the sonnets. The favoured rival is
William Herbert, earl of Pembroke. I own that if the poet must be rejected such
a rejection would seem more in harmony with—what shall I say?—our
notions of what ought not to have been.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Felicitously he ceased and held a meek head among them, auk’s egg, prize of
their fray.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He thous and thees her with grave husbandwords. Dost love, Miriam? Dost love
thy man?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That may be too, Stephen said. There’s a saying of Goethe’s which Mr
Magee likes to quote. Beware of what you wish for in youth because you will get
it in middle life. Why does he send to one who is a <em>buonaroba,</em> a bay
where all men ride, a maid of honour with a scandalous girlhood, a lordling to
woo for him? He was himself a lord of language and had made himself a coistrel
gentleman and he had written <em>Romeo and Juliet</em>. Why? Belief in himself
has been untimely killed. He was overborne in a cornfield first (ryefield, I
should say) and he will never be a victor in his own eyes after nor play
victoriously the game of laugh and lie down. Assumed dongiovannism will not
save him. No later undoing will undo the first undoing. The tusk of the boar
has wounded him there where love lies ableeding. If the shrew is worsted yet
there remains to her woman’s invisible weapon. There is, I feel in the words,
some goad of the flesh driving him into a new passion, a darker shadow of the
first, darkening even his own understanding of himself. A like fate awaits him
and the two rages commingle in a whirlpool.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They list. And in the porches of their ears I pour.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The soul has been before stricken mortally, a poison poured in the porch
of a sleeping ear. But those who are done to death in sleep cannot know the
manner of their quell unless their Creator endow their souls with that
knowledge in the life to come. The poisoning and the beast with two backs that
urged it King Hamlet’s ghost could not know of were he not endowed with
knowledge by his creator. That is why the speech (his lean unlovely English) is
always turned elsewhere, backward. Ravisher and ravished, what he would but
would not, go with him from Lucrece’s bluecircled ivory globes to Imogen’s
breast, bare, with its mole cinquespotted. He goes back, weary of the creation
he has piled up to hide him from himself, an old dog licking an old sore. But,
because loss is his gain, he passes on towards eternity in undiminished
personality, untaught by the wisdom he has written or by the laws he has
revealed. His beaver is up. He is a ghost, a shadow now, the wind by Elsinore’s
rocks or what you will, the sea’s voice, a voice heard only in the heart of him
who is the substance of his shadow, the son consubstantial with the father.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Amen! was responded from the doorway.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hast thou found me, O mine enemy?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Entr’acte</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A ribald face, sullen as a dean’s, Buck Mulligan came forward, then blithe in
motley, towards the greeting of their smiles. My telegram.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You were speaking of the gaseous vertebrate, if I mistake not? he asked
of Stephen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Primrosevested he greeted gaily with his doffed Panama as with a bauble.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They make him welcome. <em>Was Du verlachst wirst Du noch dienen.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Brood of mockers: Photius, pseudomalachi, Johann Most.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He Who Himself begot middler the Holy Ghost and Himself sent Himself,
Agenbuyer, between Himself and others, Who, put upon by His fiends, stripped
and whipped, was nailed like bat to barndoor, starved on crosstree, Who let Him
bury, stood up, harrowed hell, fared into heaven and there these nineteen
hundred years sitteth on the right hand of His Own Self but yet shall come in
the latter day to doom the quick and dead when all the quick shall be dead
already.</p>
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<div class="wp-block-group fig">
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_img_images_gloriainexelcisdeo.jpg">gloriainexelcisdeo</span><br/><br/></p>
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</div>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He lifts his hands. Veils fall. O, flowers! Bells with bells with bells
aquiring.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, indeed, the quaker librarian said. A most instructive discussion.
Mr Mulligan, I’ll be bound, has his theory too of the play and of Shakespeare.
All sides of life should be represented.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He smiled on all sides equally.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan thought, puzzled:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Shakespeare? he said. I seem to know the name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A flying sunny smile rayed in his loose features.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—To be sure, he said, remembering brightly. The chap that writes like
Synge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Best turned to him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Haines missed you, he said. Did you meet him? He’ll see you after at the
D. B. C. He’s gone to Gill’s to buy Hyde’s <em>Lovesongs of Connacht</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I came through the museum, Buck Mulligan said. Was he here?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The bard’s fellowcountrymen, John Eglinton answered, are rather tired
perhaps of our brilliancies of theorising. I hear that an actress played Hamlet
for the fourhundredandeighth time last night in Dublin. Vining held that the
prince was a woman. Has no-one made him out to be an Irishman? Judge Barton, I
believe, is searching for some clues. He swears (His Highness not His Lordship)
by saint Patrick.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The most brilliant of all is that story of Wilde’s, Mr Best said,
lifting his brilliant notebook. That <em>Portrait of Mr W. H.</em> where he
proves that the sonnets were written by a Willie Hughes, a man all hues.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—For Willie Hughes, is it not? the quaker librarian asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Or Hughie Wills? Mr William Himself. W. H.: who am I?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I mean, for Willie Hughes, Mr Best said, amending his gloss easily. Of
course it’s all paradox, don’t you know, Hughes and hews and hues, the colour,
but it’s so typical the way he works it out. It’s the very essence of Wilde,
don’t you know. The light touch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His glance touched their faces lightly as he smiled, a blond ephebe. Tame
essence of Wilde.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You’re darned witty. Three drams of usquebaugh you drank with Dan Deasy’s
ducats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How much did I spend? O, a few shillings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a plump of pressmen. Humour wet and dry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wit. You would give your five wits for youth’s proud livery he pranks in.
Lineaments of gratified desire.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There be many mo. Take her for me. In pairing time. Jove, a cool ruttime send
them. Yea, turtledove her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Eve. Naked wheatbellied sin. A snake coils her, fang in’s kiss.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you think it is only a paradox? the quaker librarian was asking. The
mocker is never taken seriously when he is most serious.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They talked seriously of mocker’s seriousness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan’s again heavy face eyed Stephen awhile. Then, his head wagging,
he came near, drew a folded telegram from his pocket. His mobile lips read,
smiling with new delight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Telegram! he said. Wonderful inspiration! Telegram! A papal bull!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He sat on a corner of the unlit desk, reading aloud joyfully:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>The sentimentalist is he who would enjoy without incurring the
immense debtorship for a thing done.</em> Signed: Dedalus. Where did you launch
it from? The kips? No. College Green. Have you drunk the four quid? The aunt is
going to call on your unsubstantial father. Telegram! Malachi Mulligan, The
Ship, lower Abbey street. O, you peerless mummer! O, you priestified Kinchite!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Joyfully he thrust message and envelope into a pocket but keened in a querulous
brogue:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s what I’m telling you, mister honey, it’s queer and sick we were,
Haines and myself, the time himself brought it in. ’Twas murmur we did for a
gallus potion would rouse a friar, I’m thinking, and he limp with leching. And
we one hour and two hours and three hours in Connery’s sitting civil waiting
for pints apiece.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He wailed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And we to be there, mavrone, and you to be unbeknownst sending us your
conglomerations the way we to have our tongues out a yard long like the drouthy
clerics do be fainting for a pussful.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen laughed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Quickly, warningfully Buck Mulligan bent down.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The tramper Synge is looking for you, he said, to murder you. He heard
you pissed on his halldoor in Glasthule. He’s out in pampooties to murder you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Me! Stephen exclaimed. That was your contribution to literature.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan gleefully bent back, laughing to the dark eavesdropping ceiling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Murder you! he laughed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Harsh gargoyle face that warred against me over our mess of hash of lights in
rue Saint-André-des-Arts. In words of words for words, palabras. Oisin with
Patrick. Faunman he met in Clamart woods, brandishing a winebottle. <em>C’est
vendredi saint!</em> Murthering Irish. His image, wandering, he met. I mine. I
met a fool i’the forest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mr Lyster, an attendant said from the door ajar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—... in which everyone can find his own. So Mr Justice Madden in his
<em>Diary of Master William Silence</em> has found the hunting terms... Yes? What
is it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There’s a gentleman here, sir, the attendant said, coming forward and
offering a card. From the <em>Freeman.</em> He wants to see the files of the
<em>Kilkenny People</em> for last year.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Certainly, certainly, certainly. Is the gentleman?...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He took the eager card, glanced, not saw, laid down unglanced, looked, asked,
creaked, asked:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is he?... O, there!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Brisk in a galliard he was off, out. In the daylit corridor he talked with
voluble pains of zeal, in duty bound, most fair, most kind, most honest
broadbrim.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—This gentleman? <em>Freeman’s Journal? Kilkenny People?</em> To be sure.
Good day, sir. <em>Kilkenny</em>... We have certainly...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A patient silhouette waited, listening.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—All the leading provincial... <em>Northern Whig, Cork Examiner,
Enniscorthy Guardian,</em> 1903... Will you please?... Evans, conduct this
gentleman... If you just follow the atten... Or, please allow me... This way...
Please, sir...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Voluble, dutiful, he led the way to all the provincial papers, a bowing dark
figure following his hasty heels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The door closed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The sheeny! Buck Mulligan cried.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He jumped up and snatched the card.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s his name? Ikey Moses? Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He rattled on:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Jehovah, collector of prepuces, is no more. I found him over in the
museum where I went to hail the foamborn Aphrodite. The Greek mouth that has
never been twisted in prayer. Every day we must do homage to her. <em>Life of
life, thy lips enkindle.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Suddenly he turned to Stephen:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He knows you. He knows your old fellow. O, I fear me, he is Greeker than
the Greeks. His pale Galilean eyes were upon her mesial groove. Venus
Kallipyge. O, the thunder of those loins! <em>The god pursuing the maiden
hid</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We want to hear more, John Eglinton decided with Mr Best’s approval. We
begin to be interested in Mrs S. Till now we had thought of her, if at all, as
a patient Griselda, a Penelope stayathome.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Antisthenes, pupil of Gorgias, Stephen said, took the palm of beauty
from Kyrios Menelaus’ brooddam, Argive Helen, the wooden mare of Troy in whom a
score of heroes slept, and handed it to poor Penelope. Twenty years he lived in
London and, during part of that time, he drew a salary equal to that of the
lord chancellor of Ireland. His life was rich. His art, more than the art of
feudalism as Walt Whitman called it, is the art of surfeit. Hot herringpies,
green mugs of sack, honeysauces, sugar of roses, marchpane, gooseberried
pigeons, ringocandies. Sir Walter Raleigh, when they arrested him, had half a
million francs on his back including a pair of fancy stays. The gombeenwoman
Eliza Tudor had underlinen enough to vie with her of Sheba. Twenty years he
dallied there between conjugial love and its chaste delights and scortatory
love and its foul pleasures. You know Manningham’s story of the burgher’s wife
who bade Dick Burbage to her bed after she had seen him in <em>Richard III</em>
and how Shakespeare, overhearing, without more ado about nothing, took the cow
by the horns and, when Burbage came knocking at the gate, answered from the
capon’s blankets: <em>William the conqueror came before Richard III</em>. And the
gay lakin, mistress Fitton, mount and cry O, and his dainty birdsnies, lady
Penelope Rich, a clean quality woman is suited for a player, and the punks of
the bankside, a penny a time.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cours la Reine. <em>Encore vingt sous. Nous ferons de petites cochonneries.
Minette? Tu veux?</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The height of fine society. And sir William Davenant of Oxford’s mother
with her cup of canary for any cockcanary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan, his pious eyes upturned, prayed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Blessed Margaret Mary Anycock!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And Harry of six wives’ daughter. And other lady friends from neighbour
seats as Lawn Tennyson, gentleman poet, sings. But all those twenty years what
do you suppose poor Penelope in Stratford was doing behind the diamond panes?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Do and do. Thing done. In a rosery of Fetter lane of Gerard, herbalist, he
walks, greyedauburn. An azured harebell like her veins. Lids of Juno’s eyes,
violets. He walks. One life is all. One body. Do. But do. Afar, in a reek of
lust and squalor, hands are laid on whiteness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan rapped John Eglinton’s desk sharply.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Whom do you suspect? he challenged.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Say that he is the spurned lover in the sonnets. Once spurned twice
spurned. But the court wanton spurned him for a lord, his dearmylove.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Love that dare not speak its name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—As an Englishman, you mean, John sturdy Eglinton put in, he loved a
lord.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Old wall where sudden lizards flash. At Charenton I watched them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>—It seems so, Stephen said, when he wants to do for him, and for all
other and singular uneared wombs, the holy office an ostler does for the
stallion. Maybe, like Socrates, he had a midwife to mother as he had a shrew to
wife. But she, the giglot wanton, did not break a bedvow. Two deeds are rank in
that ghost’s mind: a broken vow and the dullbrained yokel on whom her favour
has declined, deceased husband’s brother. Sweet Ann, I take it, was hot in the
blood. Once a wooer, twice a wooer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen turned boldly in his chair.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The burden of proof is with you not with me, he said frowning. If you
deny that in the fifth scene of <em>Hamlet</em> he has branded her with infamy
tell me why there is no mention of her during the thirtyfour years between the
day she married him and the day she buried him. All those women saw their men
down and under: Mary, her goodman John, Ann, her poor dear Willun, when he went
and died on her, raging that he was the first to go, Joan, her four brothers,
Judith, her husband and all her sons, Susan, her husband too, while Susan’s
daughter, Elizabeth, to use granddaddy’s words, wed her second, having killed
her first.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, yes, mention there is. In the years when he was living richly in royal
London to pay a debt she had to borrow forty shillings from her father’s
shepherd. Explain you then. Explain the swansong too wherein he has commended
her to posterity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He faced their silence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To whom thus Eglinton: You mean the will.<br/>But that has been explained, I believe, by jurists.<br/>She was entitled to her widow’s dower<br/>At common law. His legal knowledge was great<br/>Our judges tell us.<br/>            Him Satan fleers,<br/>Mocker:<br/>            And therefore he left out her name<br/>From the first draft but he did not leave out<br/>The presents for his granddaughter, for his daughters,<br/>For his sister, for his old cronies in Stratford<br/>And in London. And therefore when he was urged,<br/>As I believe, to name her<br/>He left her his<br/>Secondbest<br/>Bed.<br/><br/>            <em>Punkt.</em><br/><br/>Leftherhis<br/>Secondbest<br/>Leftherhis<br/>Bestabed<br/>Secabest<br/>Leftabed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Woa!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pretty countryfolk had few chattels then, John Eglinton observed, as
they have still if our peasant plays are true to type.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He was a rich country gentleman, Stephen said, with a coat of arms and
landed estate at Stratford and a house in Ireland yard, a capitalist
shareholder, a bill promoter, a tithefarmer. Why did he not leave her his best
bed if he wished her to snore away the rest of her nights in peace?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It is clear that there were two beds, a best and a secondbest, Mr
Secondbest Best said finely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Separatio a mensa et a thalamo</em>, bettered Buck Mulligan and was
smiled on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Antiquity mentions famous beds, Second Eglinton puckered, bedsmiling.
Let me think.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Antiquity mentions that Stagyrite schoolurchin and bald heathen sage,
Stephen said, who when dying in exile frees and endows his slaves, pays tribute
to his elders, wills to be laid in earth near the bones of his dead wife and
bids his friends be kind to an old mistress (don’t forget Nell Gwynn Herpyllis)
and let her live in his villa.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you mean he died so? Mr Best asked with slight concern. I mean...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He died dead drunk, Buck Mulligan capped. A quart of ale is a dish for a
king. O, I must tell you what Dowden said!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What? asked Besteglinton.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>William Shakespeare and company, limited. The people’s William. For terms
apply: E. Dowden, Highfield house...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Lovely! Buck Mulligan suspired amorously. I asked him what he thought of
the charge of pederasty brought against the bard. He lifted his hands and said:
<em>All we can say is that life ran very high in those days.</em> Lovely!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Catamite.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The sense of beauty leads us astray, said beautifulinsadness Best to
ugling Eglinton.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Steadfast John replied severe:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The doctor can tell us what those words mean. You cannot eat your cake
and have it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sayest thou so? Will they wrest from us, from me, the palm of beauty?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And the sense of property, Stephen said. He drew Shylock out of his own
long pocket. The son of a maltjobber and moneylender he was himself a
cornjobber and moneylender, with ten tods of corn hoarded in the famine riots.
His borrowers are no doubt those divers of worship mentioned by Chettle
Falstaff who reported his uprightness of dealing. He sued a fellowplayer for
the price of a few bags of malt and exacted his pound of flesh in interest for
every money lent. How else could Aubrey’s ostler and callboy get rich quick?
All events brought grist to his mill. Shylock chimes with the jewbaiting that
followed the hanging and quartering of the queen’s leech Lopez, his jew’s heart
being plucked forth while the sheeny was yet alive: <em>Hamlet</em> and
<em>Macbeth</em> with the coming to the throne of a Scotch philosophaster with a
turn for witchroasting. The lost armada is his jeer in <em>Love’s Labour
Lost</em>. His pageants, the histories, sail fullbellied on a tide of Mafeking
enthusiasm. Warwickshire jesuits are tried and we have a porter’s theory of
equivocation. The <em>Sea Venture</em> comes home from Bermudas and the play
Renan admired is written with Patsy Caliban, our American cousin. The sugared
sonnets follow Sidney’s. As for fay Elizabeth, otherwise carrotty Bess, the
gross virgin who inspired <em>The Merry Wives of Windsor</em>, let some meinherr
from Almany grope his life long for deephid meanings in the depths of the
buckbasket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I think you’re getting on very nicely. Just mix up a mixture of
theolologicophilolological. <em>Mingo, minxi, mictum, mingere.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Prove that he was a jew, John Eglinton dared, expectantly. Your dean of
studies holds he was a holy Roman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Sufflaminandus sum.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He was made in Germany, Stephen replied, as the champion French polisher
of Italian scandals.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A myriadminded man, Mr Best reminded. Coleridge called him myriadminded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Amplius. In societate humana hoc est maxime necessarium ut sit amicitia
inter multos.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Saint Thomas, Stephen began...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Ora pro nobis</em>, Monk Mulligan groaned, sinking to a chair.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There he keened a wailing rune.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Pogue mahone! Acushla machree!</em> It’s destroyed we are from this
day! It’s destroyed we are surely!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All smiled their smiles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Saint Thomas, Stephen smiling said, whose gorbellied works I enjoy
reading in the original, writing of incest from a standpoint different from
that of the new Viennese school Mr Magee spoke of, likens it in his wise and
curious way to an avarice of the emotions. He means that the love so given to
one near in blood is covetously withheld from some stranger who, it may be,
hungers for it. Jews, whom christians tax with avarice, are of all races the
most given to intermarriage. Accusations are made in anger. The christian laws
which built up the hoards of the jews (for whom, as for the lollards, storm was
shelter) bound their affections too with hoops of steel. Whether these be sins
or virtues old Nobodaddy will tell us at doomsday leet. But a man who holds so
tightly to what he calls his rights over what he calls his debts will hold
tightly also to what he calls his rights over her whom he calls his wife. No
sir smile neighbour shall covet his ox or his wife or his manservant or his
maidservant or his jackass.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Or his jennyass, Buck Mulligan antiphoned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Gentle Will is being roughly handled, gentle Mr Best said gently.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Which will? gagged sweetly Buck Mulligan. We are getting mixed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The will to live, John Eglinton philosophised, for poor Ann, Will’s
widow, is the will to die.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Requiescat!</em> Stephen prayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What of all the will to do?<br/>It has vanished long ago...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—She lies laid out in stark stiffness in that secondbest bed, the mobled
queen, even though you prove that a bed in those days was as rare as a motorcar
is now and that its carvings were the wonder of seven parishes. In old age she
takes up with gospellers (one stayed with her at New Place and drank a quart of
sack the town council paid for but in which bed he slept it skills not to ask)
and heard she had a soul. She read or had read to her his chapbooks preferring
them to the <em>Merry Wives</em> and, loosing her nightly waters on the jordan,
she thought over <em>Hooks and Eyes for Believers’ Breeches</em> and <em>The most
Spiritual Snuffbox to Make the Most Devout Souls Sneeze</em>. Venus has twisted
her lips in prayer. Agenbite of inwit: remorse of conscience. It is an age of
exhausted whoredom groping for its god.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—History shows that to be true, <em>inquit Eglintonus Chronolologos</em>.
The ages succeed one another. But we have it on high authority that a man’s
worst enemies shall be those of his own house and family. I feel that Russell
is right. What do we care for his wife or father? I should say that only family
poets have family lives. Falstaff was not a family man. I feel that the fat
knight is his supreme creation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lean, he lay back. Shy, deny thy kindred, the unco guid. Shy, supping with the
godless, he sneaks the cup. A sire in Ultonian Antrim bade it him. Visits him
here on quarter days. Mr Magee, sir, there’s a gentleman to see you. Me? Says
he’s your father, sir. Give me my Wordsworth. Enter Magee Mor Matthew, a rugged
rough rugheaded kern, in strossers with a buttoned codpiece, his nether stocks
bemired with clauber of ten forests, a wand of wilding in his hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Your own? He knows your old fellow. The widower.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hurrying to her squalid deathlair from gay Paris on the quayside I touched his
hand. The voice, new warmth, speaking. Dr Bob Kenny is attending her. The eyes
that wish me well. But do not know me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A father, Stephen said, battling against hopelessness, is a necessary
evil. He wrote the play in the months that followed his father’s death. If you
hold that he, a greying man with two marriageable daughters, with thirtyfive
years of life, <em>nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vita</em>, with fifty of
experience, is the beardless undergraduate from Wittenberg then you must hold
that his seventyyear old mother is the lustful queen. No. The corpse of John
Shakespeare does not walk the night. From hour to hour it rots and rots. He
rests, disarmed of fatherhood, having devised that mystical estate upon his
son. Boccaccio’s Calandrino was the first and last man who felt himself with
child. Fatherhood, in the sense of conscious begetting, is unknown to man. It
is a mystical estate, an apostolic succession, from only begetter to only
begotten. On that mystery and not on the madonna which the cunning Italian
intellect flung to the mob of Europe the church is founded and founded
irremovably because founded, like the world, macro and microcosm, upon the
void. Upon incertitude, upon unlikelihood. <em>Amor matris</em>, subjective and
objective genitive, may be the only true thing in life. Paternity may be a
legal fiction. Who is the father of any son that any son should love him or he
any son?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What the hell are you driving at?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I know. Shut up. Blast you. I have reasons.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Amplius. Adhuc. Iterum. Postea.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Are you condemned to do this?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They are sundered by a bodily shame so steadfast that the criminal
annals of the world, stained with all other incests and bestialities, hardly
record its breach. Sons with mothers, sires with daughters, lesbic sisters,
loves that dare not speak their name, nephews with grandmothers, jailbirds with
keyholes, queens with prize bulls. The son unborn mars beauty: born, he brings
pain, divides affection, increases care. He is a new male: his growth is his
father’s decline, his youth his father’s envy, his friend his father’s enemy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In rue Monsieur-le-Prince I thought it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What links them in nature? An instant of blind rut.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Am I a father? If I were?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Shrunken uncertain hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sabellius, the African, subtlest heresiarch of all the beasts of the
field, held that the Father was Himself His Own Son. The bulldog of Aquin, with
whom no word shall be impossible, refutes him. Well: if the father who has not
a son be not a father can the son who has not a father be a son? When
Rutlandbaconsouthamptonshakespeare or another poet of the same name in the
comedy of errors wrote <em>Hamlet</em> he was not the father of his own son
merely but, being no more a son, he was and felt himself the father of all his
race, the father of his own grandfather, the father of his unborn grandson who,
by the same token, never was born, for nature, as Mr Magee understands her,
abhors perfection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Eglintoneyes, quick with pleasure, looked up shybrightly. Gladly glancing, a
merry puritan, through the twisted eglantine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Flatter. Rarely. But flatter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Himself his own father, Sonmulligan told himself. Wait. I am big with
child. I have an unborn child in my brain. Pallas Athena! A play! The play’s
the thing! Let me parturiate!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He clasped his paunchbrow with both birthaiding hands.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—As for his family, Stephen said, his mother’s name lives in the forest
of Arden. Her death brought from him the scene with Volumnia in
<em>Coriolanus.</em> His boyson’s death is the deathscene of young Arthur in
<em>King John.</em> Hamlet, the black prince, is Hamnet Shakespeare. Who the
girls in <em>The Tempest</em>, in <em>Pericles,</em> in <em>Winter’s Tale</em> are we
know. Who Cleopatra, fleshpot of Egypt, and Cressid and Venus are we may guess.
But there is another member of his family who is recorded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The plot thickens, John Eglinton said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The quaker librarian, quaking, tiptoed in, quake, his mask, quake, with haste,
quake, quack.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Door closed. Cell. Day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They list. Three. They.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I you he they.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Come, mess.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: He had three brothers, Gilbert, Edmund, Richard. Gilbert in his old
age told some cavaliers he got a pass for nowt from Maister Gatherer one time
mass he did and he seen his brud Maister Wull the playwriter up in Lunnon in a
wrastling play wud a man on’s back. The playhouse sausage filled Gilbert’s
soul. He is nowhere: but an Edmund and a Richard are recorded in the works of
sweet William.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MAGEEGLINJOHN: Names! What’s in a name?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEST: That is my name, Richard, don’t you know. I hope you are going to say a
good word for Richard, don’t you know, for my sake. <em>(Laughter)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BUCKMULLIGAN: (<em>Piano, diminuendo</em>)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then outspoke medical Dick<br/>To his comrade medical Davy...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: In his trinity of black Wills, the villain shakebags, Iago, Richard
Crookback, Edmund in <em>King Lear</em>, two bear the wicked uncles’ names. Nay,
that last play was written or being written while his brother Edmund lay dying
in Southwark.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEST: I hope Edmund is going to catch it. I don’t want Richard, my name ...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Laughter)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>QUAKERLYSTER: (<em>A tempo</em>) But he that filches from me my good name...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Stringendo)</em> He has hidden his own name, a fair name, William,
in the plays, a super here, a clown there, as a painter of old Italy set his
face in a dark corner of his canvas. He has revealed it in the sonnets where
there is Will in overplus. Like John o’Gaunt his name is dear to him, as dear
as the coat and crest he toadied for, on a bend sable a spear or steeled
argent, honorificabilitudinitatibus, dearer than his glory of greatest
shakescene in the country. What’s in a name? That is what we ask ourselves in
childhood when we write the name that we are told is ours. A star, a daystar, a
firedrake, rose at his birth. It shone by day in the heavens alone, brighter
than Venus in the night, and by night it shone over delta in Cassiopeia, the
recumbent constellation which is the signature of his initial among the stars.
His eyes watched it, lowlying on the horizon, eastward of the bear, as he
walked by the slumberous summer fields at midnight returning from Shottery and
from her arms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Both satisfied. I too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Don’t tell them he was nine years old when it was quenched.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And from her arms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wait to be wooed and won. Ay, meacock. Who will woo you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Read the skies. <em>Autontimorumenos. Bous Stephanoumenos.</em> Where’s your
configuration? Stephen, Stephen, cut the bread even. S. D: <em>sua donna. Già:
di lui. Gelindo risolve di non amare S. D.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is that, Mr Dedalus? the quaker librarian asked. Was it a celestial
phenomenon?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A star by night, Stephen said. A pillar of the cloud by day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What more’s to speak?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen looked on his hat, his stick, his boots.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Stephanos,</em> my crown. My sword. His boots are spoiling the shape of my
feet. Buy a pair. Holes in my socks. Handkerchief too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You make good use of the name, John Eglinton allowed. Your own name is
strange enough. I suppose it explains your fantastical humour.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Me, Magee and Mulligan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fabulous artificer. The hawklike man. You flew. Whereto? Newhaven-Dieppe,
steerage passenger. Paris and back. Lapwing. Icarus. <em>Pater, ait.</em>
Seabedabbled, fallen, weltering. Lapwing you are. Lapwing be.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Best eagerquietly lifted his book to say:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s very interesting because that brother motive, don’t you know, we
find also in the old Irish myths. Just what you say. The three brothers
Shakespeare. In Grimm too, don’t you know, the fairytales. The third brother
that always marries the sleeping beauty and wins the best prize.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Best of Best brothers. Good, better, best.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The quaker librarian springhalted near.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I should like to know, he said, which brother you... I understand you to
suggest there was misconduct with one of the brothers... But perhaps I am
anticipating?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He caught himself in the act: looked at all: refrained.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An attendant from the doorway called:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mr Lyster! Father Dineen wants...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, Father Dineen! Directly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Swiftly rectly creaking rectly rectly he was rectly gone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Eglinton touched the foil.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come, he said. Let us hear what you have to say of Richard and Edmund.
You kept them for the last, didn’t you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—In asking you to remember those two noble kinsmen nuncle Richie and
nuncle Edmund, Stephen answered, I feel I am asking too much perhaps. A brother
is as easily forgotten as an umbrella.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lapwing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Where is your brother? Apothecaries’ hall. My whetstone. Him, then Cranly,
Mulligan: now these. Speech, speech. But act. Act speech. They mock to try you.
Act. Be acted on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lapwing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I am tired of my voice, the voice of Esau. My kingdom for a drink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You will say those names were already in the chronicles from which he
took the stuff of his plays. Why did he take them rather than others? Richard,
a whoreson crookback, misbegotten, makes love to a widowed Ann (what’s in a
name?), woos and wins her, a whoreson merry widow. Richard the conqueror, third
brother, came after William the conquered. The other four acts of that play
hang limply from that first. Of all his kings Richard is the only king
unshielded by Shakespeare’s reverence, the angel of the world. Why is the
underplot of <em>King Lear</em> in which Edmund figures lifted out of Sidney’s
<em>Arcadia</em> and spatchcocked on to a Celtic legend older than history?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That was Will’s way, John Eglinton defended. We should not now combine a
Norse saga with an excerpt from a novel by George Meredith. <em>Que
voulez-vous?</em> Moore would say. He puts Bohemia on the seacoast and makes
Ulysses quote Aristotle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why? Stephen answered himself. Because the theme of the false or the
usurping or the adulterous brother or all three in one is to Shakespeare, what
the poor are not, always with him. The note of banishment, banishment from the
heart, banishment from home, sounds uninterruptedly from <em>The Two Gentlemen
of Verona</em> onward till Prospero breaks his staff, buries it certain fathoms
in the earth and drowns his book. It doubles itself in the middle of his life,
reflects itself in another, repeats itself, protasis, epitasis, catastasis,
catastrophe. It repeats itself again when he is near the grave, when his
married daughter Susan, chip of the old block, is accused of adultery. But it
was the original sin that darkened his understanding, weakened his will and
left in him a strong inclination to evil. The words are those of my lords
bishops of Maynooth. An original sin and, like original sin, committed by
another in whose sin he too has sinned. It is between the lines of his last
written words, it is petrified on his tombstone under which her four bones are
not to be laid. Age has not withered it. Beauty and peace have not done it
away. It is in infinite variety everywhere in the world he has created, in
<em>Much Ado about Nothing</em>, twice in <em>As you like It</em>, in <em>The
Tempest</em>, in <em>Hamlet,</em> in <em>Measure for Measure</em>—and in all
the other plays which I have not read.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He laughed to free his mind from his mind’s bondage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Judge Eglinton summed up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The truth is midway, he affirmed. He is the ghost and the prince. He is
all in all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He is, Stephen said. The boy of act one is the mature man of act five.
All in all. In <em>Cymbeline,</em> in <em>Othello</em> he is bawd and cuckold. He
acts and is acted on. Lover of an ideal or a perversion, like José he kills the
real Carmen. His unremitting intellect is the hornmad Iago ceaselessly willing
that the moor in him shall suffer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Cuckoo! Cuckoo! Cuck Mulligan clucked lewdly. O word of fear!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dark dome received, reverbed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And what a character is Iago! undaunted John Eglinton exclaimed. When
all is said Dumas <em>fils</em> (or is it Dumas <em>père?)</em> is right. After God
Shakespeare has created most.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Man delights him not nor woman neither, Stephen said. He returns after a
life of absence to that spot of earth where he was born, where he has always
been, man and boy, a silent witness and there, his journey of life ended, he
plants his mulberrytree in the earth. Then dies. The motion is ended.
Gravediggers bury Hamlet <em>père</em> and Hamlet <em>fils.</em> A king and a
prince at last in death, with incidental music. And, what though murdered and
betrayed, bewept by all frail tender hearts for, Dane or Dubliner, sorrow for
the dead is the only husband from whom they refuse to be divorced. If you like
the epilogue look long on it: prosperous Prospero, the good man rewarded,
Lizzie, grandpa’s lump of love, and nuncle Richie, the bad man taken off by
poetic justice to the place where the bad niggers go. Strong curtain. He found
in the world without as actual what was in his world within as possible.
Maeterlinck says: <em>If Socrates leave his house today he will find the sage
seated on his doorstep. If Judas go forth tonight it is to Judas his steps will
tend.</em> Every life is many days, day after day. We walk through ourselves,
meeting robbers, ghosts, giants, old men, young men, wives, widows,
brothers-in-love, but always meeting ourselves. The playwright who wrote the
folio of this world and wrote it badly (He gave us light first and the sun two
days later), the lord of things as they are whom the most Roman of catholics
call <em>dio boia</em>, hangman god, is doubtless all in all in all of us, ostler
and butcher, and would be bawd and cuckold too but that in the economy of
heaven, foretold by Hamlet, there are no more marriages, glorified man, an
androgynous angel, being a wife unto himself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Eureka!</em> Buck Mulligan cried. <em>Eureka!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Suddenly happied he jumped up and reached in a stride John Eglinton’s desk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—May I? he said. The Lord has spoken to Malachi.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He began to scribble on a slip of paper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Take some slips from the counter going out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Those who are married, Mr Best, douce herald, said, all save one, shall
live. The rest shall keep as they are.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He laughed, unmarried, at Eglinton Johannes, of arts a bachelor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Unwed, unfancied, ware of wiles, they fingerponder nightly each his variorum
edition of <em>The Taming of the Shrew.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You are a delusion, said roundly John Eglinton to Stephen. You have
brought us all this way to show us a French triangle. Do you believe your own
theory?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Stephen said promptly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you going to write it? Mr Best asked. You ought to make it a
dialogue, don’t you know, like the Platonic dialogues Wilde wrote.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Eclecticon doubly smiled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, in that case, he said, I don’t see why you should expect payment
for it since you don’t believe it yourself. Dowden believes there is some
mystery in <em>Hamlet</em> but will say no more. Herr Bleibtreu, the man Piper
met in Berlin, who is working up that Rutland theory, believes that the secret
is hidden in the Stratford monument. He is going to visit the present duke,
Piper says, and prove to him that his ancestor wrote the plays. It will come as
a surprise to his grace. But he believes his theory.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I believe, O Lord, help my unbelief. That is, help me to believe or help me to
unbelieve? Who helps to believe? <em>Egomen.</em> Who to unbelieve? Other chap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You are the only contributor to <em>Dana</em> who asks for pieces of
silver. Then I don’t know about the next number. Fred Ryan wants space for an
article on economics.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fraidrine. Two pieces of silver he lent me. Tide you over. Economics.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—For a guinea, Stephen said, you can publish this interview.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan stood up from his laughing scribbling, laughing: and then gravely
said, honeying malice:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I called upon the bard Kinch at his summer residence in upper
Mecklenburgh street and found him deep in the study of the <em>Summa contra
Gentiles</em> in the company of two gonorrheal ladies, Fresh Nelly and Rosalie,
the coalquay whore.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He broke away.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come, Kinch. Come, wandering Ængus of the birds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Come, Kinch. You have eaten all we left. Ay. I will serve you your orts and
offals.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen rose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Life is many days. This will end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We shall see you tonight, John Eglinton said. <em>Notre ami</em> Moore
says Malachi Mulligan must be there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan flaunted his slip and panama.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Monsieur Moore, he said, lecturer on French letters to the youth of
Ireland. I’ll be there. Come, Kinch, the bards must drink. Can you walk
straight?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Laughing, he...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Swill till eleven. Irish nights entertainment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lubber...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen followed a lubber...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One day in the national library we had a discussion. Shakes. After. His lub
back: I followed. I gall his kibe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen, greeting, then all amort, followed a lubber jester, a wellkempt head,
newbarbered, out of the vaulted cell into a shattering daylight of no thought.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What have I learned? Of them? Of me?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Walk like Haines now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The constant readers’ room. In the readers’ book Cashel Boyle O’Connor
Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell parafes his polysyllables. Item: was Hamlet mad?
The quaker’s pate godlily with a priesteen in booktalk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O please do, sir... I shall be most pleased...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Amused Buck Mulligan mused in pleasant murmur with himself, selfnodding:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A pleased bottom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The turnstile.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Is that?... Blueribboned hat... Idly writing... What? Looked?...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The curving balustrade: smoothsliding Mincius.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Puck Mulligan, panamahelmeted, went step by step, iambing, trolling:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Eglinton, my jo, John,<br/>Why won’t you wed a wife?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He spluttered to the air:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, the chinless Chinaman! Chin Chon Eg Lin Ton. We went over to their
playbox, Haines and I, the plumbers’ hall. Our players are creating a new art
for Europe like the Greeks or M. Maeterlinck. Abbey Theatre! I smell the pubic
sweat of monks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He spat blank.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Forgot: any more than he forgot the whipping lousy Lucy gave him. And left the
<em>femme de trente ans.</em> And why no other children born? And his first child
a girl?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Afterwit. Go back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dour recluse still there (he has his cake) and the douce youngling, minion
of pleasure, Phedo’s toyable fair hair.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Eh... I just eh... wanted... I forgot... he...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Longworth and M’Curdy Atkinson were there...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Puck Mulligan footed featly, trilling:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I hardly hear the purlieu cry<br/>Or a Tommy talk as I pass one by<br/>Before my thoughts begin to run<br/>On F. M’Curdy Atkinson,<br/>The same that had the wooden leg<br/>And that filibustering filibeg<br/>That never dared to slake his drouth,<br/>Magee that had the chinless mouth.<br/>Being afraid to marry on earth<br/>They masturbated for all they were worth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Jest on. Know thyself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Halted, below me, a quizzer looks at me. I halt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mournful mummer, Buck Mulligan moaned. Synge has left off wearing black
to be like nature. Only crows, priests and English coal are black.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A laugh tripped over his lips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Longworth is awfully sick, he said, after what you wrote about that old
hake Gregory. O you inquisitional drunken jewjesuit! She gets you a job on the
paper and then you go and slate her drivel to Jaysus. Couldn’t you do the Yeats
touch?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He went on and down, mopping, chanting with waving graceful arms:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The most beautiful book that has come out of our country in my time. One
thinks of Homer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stopped at the stairfoot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I have conceived a play for the mummers, he said solemnly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The pillared Moorish hall, shadows entwined. Gone the nine men’s morrice with
caps of indices.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In sweetly varying voices Buck Mulligan read his tablet:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Everyman His Own Wife<br/>or<br/>A Honeymoon in the Hand<br/>(a national immorality in three orgasms)<br/>by<br/>Ballocky Mulligan.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned a happy patch’s smirk to Stephen, saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The disguise, I fear, is thin. But listen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He read, <em>marcato:</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Characters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pgmonospaced">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>     TOBY TOSTOFF (a ruined Pole)<br/>     CRAB (a bushranger)<br/>     MEDICAL DICK )<br/>         and      ) (two birds with one stone)<br/>     MEDICAL DAVY )<br/>     MOTHER GROGAN (a watercarrier)<br/>     FRESH NELLY<br/>         and<br/>     ROSALIE (the coalquay whore).<br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He laughed, lolling a to and fro head, walking on, followed by Stephen: and
mirthfully he told the shadows, souls of men:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, the night in the Camden hall when the daughters of Erin had to lift
their skirts to step over you as you lay in your mulberrycoloured,
multicoloured, multitudinous vomit!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The most innocent son of Erin, Stephen said, for whom they ever lifted
them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>About to pass through the doorway, feeling one behind, he stood aside.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Part. The moment is now. Where then? If Socrates leave his house today, if
Judas go forth tonight. Why? That lies in space which I in time must come to,
ineluctably.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>My will: his will that fronts me. Seas between.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A man passed out between them, bowing, greeting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good day again, Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The portico.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here I watched the birds for augury. Ængus of the birds. They go, they come.
Last night I flew. Easily flew. Men wondered. Street of harlots after. A
creamfruit melon he held to me. In. You will see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The wandering jew, Buck Mulligan whispered with clown’s awe. Did you see
his eye? He looked upon you to lust after you. I fear thee, ancient mariner. O,
Kinch, thou art in peril. Get thee a breechpad.</p>
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<p>Manner of Oxenford.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Day. Wheelbarrow sun over arch of bridge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A dark back went before them, step of a pard, down, out by the gateway, under
portcullis barbs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They followed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Offend me still. Speak on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Kind air defined the coigns of houses in Kildare street. No birds. Frail from
the housetops two plumes of smoke ascended, pluming, and in a flaw of softness
softly were blown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cease to strive. Peace of the druid priests of Cymbeline: hierophantic: from
wide earth an altar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>            Laud we the gods<br/>And let our crooked smokes climb to their nostrils<br/>From our bless’d altars.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html_pgepubid00076" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html_chap10"></span>[ 10 ]</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

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<p>The superior, the very reverend John Conmee S. J. reset his smooth watch in his
interior pocket as he came down the presbytery steps. Five to three. Just nice
time to walk to Artane. What was that boy’s name again? Dignam. Yes. <em>Vere
dignum et iustum est.</em> Brother Swan was the person to see. Mr Cunningham’s
letter. Yes. Oblige him, if possible. Good practical catholic: useful at
mission time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A onelegged sailor, swinging himself onward by lazy jerks of his crutches,
growled some notes. He jerked short before the convent of the sisters of
charity and held out a peaked cap for alms towards the very reverend John
Conmee S. J. Father Conmee blessed him in the sun for his purse held, he knew,
one silver crown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee crossed to Mountjoy square. He thought, but not for long, of
soldiers and sailors, whose legs had been shot off by cannonballs, ending their
days in some pauper ward, and of cardinal Wolsey’s words: <em>If I had served my
God as I have served my king He would not have abandoned me in my old days.</em>
He walked by the treeshade of sunnywinking leaves: and towards him came the
wife of Mr David Sheehy M.P.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Very well, indeed, father. And you, father?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee was wonderfully well indeed. He would go to Buxton probably for
the waters. And her boys, were they getting on well at Belvedere? Was that so?
Father Conmee was very glad indeed to hear that. And Mr Sheehy himself? Still
in London. The house was still sitting, to be sure it was. Beautiful weather it
was, delightful indeed. Yes, it was very probable that Father Bernard Vaughan
would come again to preach. O, yes: a very great success. A wonderful man
really.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee was very glad to see the wife of Mr David Sheehy M.P. looking so
well and he begged to be remembered to Mr David Sheehy M.P. Yes, he would
certainly call.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good afternoon, Mrs Sheehy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee doffed his silk hat and smiled, as he took leave, at the jet
beads of her mantilla inkshining in the sun. And smiled yet again, in going. He
had cleaned his teeth, he knew, with arecanut paste.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee walked and, walking, smiled for he thought on Father Bernard
Vaughan’s droll eyes and cockney voice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pilate! Wy don’t you old back that owlin mob?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A zealous man, however. Really he was. And really did great good in his way.
Beyond a doubt. He loved Ireland, he said, and he loved the Irish. Of good
family too would one think it? Welsh, were they not?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, lest he forget. That letter to father provincial.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee stopped three little schoolboys at the corner of Mountjoy square.
Yes: they were from Belvedere. The little house. Aha. And were they good boys
at school? O. That was very good now. And what was his name? Jack Sohan. And
his name? Ger. Gallaher. And the other little man? His name was Brunny Lynam.
O, that was a very nice name to have.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee gave a letter from his breast to Master Brunny Lynam and pointed
to the red pillarbox at the corner of Fitzgibbon street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But mind you don’t post yourself into the box, little man, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The boys sixeyed Father Conmee and laughed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, let me see if you can post a letter, Father Conmee said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Master Brunny Lynam ran across the road and put Father Conmee’s letter to
father provincial into the mouth of the bright red letterbox. Father Conmee
smiled and nodded and smiled and walked along Mountjoy square east.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Denis J Maginni, professor of dancing &amp;c, in silk hat, slate frockcoat
with silk facings, white kerchief tie, tight lavender trousers, canary gloves
and pointed patent boots, walking with grave deportment most respectfully took
the curbstone as he passed lady Maxwell at the corner of Dignam’s court.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was that not Mrs M’Guinness?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mrs M’Guinness, stately, silverhaired, bowed to Father Conmee from the farther
footpath along which she sailed. And Father Conmee smiled and saluted. How did
she do?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A fine carriage she had. Like Mary, queen of Scots, something. And to think
that she was a pawnbroker! Well, now! Such a... what should he say?... such a
queenly mien.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee walked down Great Charles street and glanced at the shutup free
church on his left. The reverend T. R. Greene B.A. will (D.V.) speak. The
incumbent they called him. He felt it incumbent on him to say a few words. But
one should be charitable. Invincible ignorance. They acted according to their
lights.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee turned the corner and walked along the North Circular road. It
was a wonder that there was not a tramline in such an important thoroughfare.
Surely, there ought to be.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A band of satchelled schoolboys crossed from Richmond street. All raised untidy
caps. Father Conmee greeted them more than once benignly. Christian brother
boys.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee smelt incense on his right hand as he walked. Saint Joseph’s
church, Portland row. For aged and virtuous females. Father Conmee raised his
hat to the Blessed Sacrament. Virtuous: but occasionally they were also
badtempered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Near Aldborough house Father Conmee thought of that spendthrift nobleman. And
now it was an office or something.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee began to walk along the North Strand road and was saluted by Mr
William Gallagher who stood in the doorway of his shop. Father Conmee saluted
Mr William Gallagher and perceived the odours that came from baconflitches and
ample cools of butter. He passed Grogan’s the Tobacconist against which
newsboards leaned and told of a dreadful catastrophe in New York. In America
those things were continually happening. Unfortunate people to die like that,
unprepared. Still, an act of perfect contrition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee went by Daniel Bergin’s publichouse against the window of which
two unlabouring men lounged. They saluted him and were saluted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee passed H. J. O’Neill’s funeral establishment where Corny Kelleher
totted figures in the daybook while he chewed a blade of hay. A constable on
his beat saluted Father Conmee and Father Conmee saluted the constable. In
Youkstetter’s, the porkbutcher’s, Father Conmee observed pig’s puddings, white
and black and red, lie neatly curled in tubes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Moored under the trees of Charleville Mall Father Conmee saw a turfbarge, a
towhorse with pendent head, a bargeman with a hat of dirty straw seated
amidships, smoking and staring at a branch of poplar above him. It was idyllic:
and Father Conmee reflected on the providence of the Creator who had made turf
to be in bogs whence men might dig it out and bring it to town and hamlet to
make fires in the houses of poor people.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On Newcomen bridge the very reverend John Conmee S. J. of saint Francis
Xavier’s church, upper Gardiner street, stepped on to an outward bound tram.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Off an inward bound tram stepped the reverend Nicholas Dudley C. C. of saint
Agatha’s church, north William street, on to Newcomen bridge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At Newcomen bridge Father Conmee stepped into an outward bound tram for he
disliked to traverse on foot the dingy way past Mud Island.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee sat in a corner of the tramcar, a blue ticket tucked with care in
the eye of one plump kid glove, while four shillings, a sixpence and five
pennies chuted from his other plump glovepalm into his purse. Passing the ivy
church he reflected that the ticket inspector usually made his visit when one
had carelessly thrown away the ticket. The solemnity of the occupants of the
car seemed to Father Conmee excessive for a journey so short and cheap. Father
Conmee liked cheerful decorum.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was a peaceful day. The gentleman with the glasses opposite Father Conmee
had finished explaining and looked down. His wife, Father Conmee supposed. A
tiny yawn opened the mouth of the wife of the gentleman with the glasses. She
raised her small gloved fist, yawned ever so gently, tiptapping her small
gloved fist on her opening mouth and smiled tinily, sweetly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee perceived her perfume in the car. He perceived also that the
awkward man at the other side of her was sitting on the edge of the seat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee at the altarrails placed the host with difficulty in the mouth of
the awkward old man who had the shaky head.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At Annesley bridge the tram halted and, when it was about to go, an old woman
rose suddenly from her place to alight. The conductor pulled the bellstrap to
stay the car for her. She passed out with her basket and a marketnet: and
Father Conmee saw the conductor help her and net and basket down: and Father
Conmee thought that, as she had nearly passed the end of the penny fare, she
was one of those good souls who had always to be told twice <em>bless you, my
child,</em> that they have been absolved, <em>pray for me.</em> But they had so
many worries in life, so many cares, poor creatures.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From the hoardings Mr Eugene Stratton grimaced with thick niggerlips at Father
Conmee.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee thought of the souls of black and brown and yellow men and of his
sermon on saint Peter Claver S. J. and the African mission and of the
propagation of the faith and of the millions of black and brown and yellow
souls that had not received the baptism of water when their last hour came like
a thief in the night. That book by the Belgian jesuit, <em>Le Nombre des
Élus,</em> seemed to Father Conmee a reasonable plea. Those were millions of
human souls created by God in His Own likeness to whom the faith had not (D.V.)
been brought. But they were God’s souls, created by God. It seemed to Father
Conmee a pity that they should all be lost, a waste, if one might say.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At the Howth road stop Father Conmee alighted, was saluted by the conductor and
saluted in his turn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Malahide road was quiet. It pleased Father Conmee, road and name. The
joybells were ringing in gay Malahide. Lord Talbot de Malahide, immediate
hereditary lord admiral of Malahide and the seas adjoining. Then came the call
to arms and she was maid, wife and widow in one day. Those were old worldish
days, loyal times in joyous townlands, old times in the barony.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee, walking, thought of his little book <em>Old Times in the
Barony</em> and of the book that might be written about jesuit houses and of
Mary Rochfort, daughter of lord Molesworth, first countess of Belvedere.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A listless lady, no more young, walked alone the shore of lough Ennel, Mary,
first countess of Belvedere, listlessly walking in the evening, not startled
when an otter plunged. Who could know the truth? Not the jealous lord Belvedere
and not her confessor if she had not committed adultery fully, <em>eiaculatio
seminis inter vas naturale mulieris,</em> with her husband’s brother? She would
half confess if she had not all sinned as women did. Only God knew and she and
he, her husband’s brother.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee thought of that tyrannous incontinence, needed however for man’s
race on earth, and of the ways of God which were not our ways.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Don John Conmee walked and moved in times of yore. He was humane and honoured
there. He bore in mind secrets confessed and he smiled at smiling noble faces
in a beeswaxed drawingroom, ceiled with full fruit clusters. And the hands of a
bride and of a bridegroom, noble to noble, were impalmed by Don John Conmee.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was a charming day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The lychgate of a field showed Father Conmee breadths of cabbages, curtseying
to him with ample underleaves. The sky showed him a flock of small white clouds
going slowly down the wind. <em>Moutonner,</em> the French said. A just and
homely word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee, reading his office, watched a flock of muttoning clouds over
Rathcoffey. His thinsocked ankles were tickled by the stubble of Clongowes
field. He walked there, reading in the evening, and heard the cries of the
boys’ lines at their play, young cries in the quiet evening. He was their
rector: his reign was mild.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee drew off his gloves and took his rededged breviary out. An ivory
bookmark told him the page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nones. He should have read that before lunch. But lady Maxwell had come.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee read in secret <em>Pater</em> and <em>Ave</em> and crossed his
breast. <em>Deus in adiutorium.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He walked calmly and read mutely the nones, walking and reading till he came to
<em>Res</em> in <em>Beati immaculati: Principium verborum tuorum veritas: in
eternum omnia iudicia iustitiæ tuæ.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A flushed young man came from a gap of a hedge and after him came a young woman
with wild nodding daisies in her hand. The young man raised his cap abruptly:
the young woman abruptly bent and with slow care detached from her light skirt
a clinging twig.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee blessed both gravely and turned a thin page of his breviary.
<em>Sin: Principes persecuti sunt me gratis: et a verbis tuis formidavit cor
meum.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Corny Kelleher closed his long daybook and glanced with his drooping eye at a
pine coffinlid sentried in a corner. He pulled himself erect, went to it and,
spinning it on its axle, viewed its shape and brass furnishings. Chewing his
blade of hay he laid the coffinlid by and came to the doorway. There he tilted
his hatbrim to give shade to his eyes and leaned against the doorcase, looking
idly out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father John Conmee stepped into the Dollymount tram on Newcomen bridge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Corny Kelleher locked his largefooted boots and gazed, his hat downtilted,
chewing his blade of hay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Constable 57C, on his beat, stood to pass the time of day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s a fine day, Mr Kelleher.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, Corny Kelleher said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s very close, the constable said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Corny Kelleher sped a silent jet of hayjuice arching from his mouth while a
generous white arm from a window in Eccles street flung forth a coin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s the best news? he asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I seen that particular party last evening, the constable said with bated
breath.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A onelegged sailor crutched himself round MacConnell’s corner, skirting
Rabaiotti’s icecream car, and jerked himself up Eccles street. Towards Larry
O’Rourke, in shirtsleeves in his doorway, he growled unamiably:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>For England</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He swung himself violently forward past Katey and Boody Dedalus, halted and
growled:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>home and beauty.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’Molloy’s white careworn face was told that Mr Lambert was in the
warehouse with a visitor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A stout lady stopped, took a copper coin from her purse and dropped it into the
cap held out to her. The sailor grumbled thanks, glanced sourly at the
unheeding windows, sank his head and swung himself forward four strides.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He halted and growled angrily:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>For England</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Two barefoot urchins, sucking long liquorice laces, halted near him, gaping at
his stump with their yellowslobbered mouths.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He swung himself forward in vigorous jerks, halted, lifted his head towards a
window and bayed deeply:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>home and beauty.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The gay sweet chirping whistling within went on a bar or two, ceased. The blind
of the window was drawn aside. A card <em>Unfurnished Apartments</em> slipped
from the sash and fell. A plump bare generous arm shone, was seen, held forth
from a white petticoatbodice and taut shiftstraps. A woman’s hand flung forth a
coin over the area railings. It fell on the path.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One of the urchins ran to it, picked it up and dropped it into the minstrel’s
cap, saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Katey and Boody Dedalus shoved in the door of the closesteaming kitchen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did you put in the books? Boody asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Maggy at the range rammed down a greyish mass beneath bubbling suds twice with
her potstick and wiped her brow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They wouldn’t give anything on them, she said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee walked through Clongowes fields, his thinsocked ankles tickled by
stubble.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where did you try? Boody asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—M’Guinness’s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Boody stamped her foot and threw her satchel on the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bad cess to her big face! she cried.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Katey went to the range and peered with squinting eyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s in the pot? she asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Shirts, Maggy said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Boody cried angrily:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Crickey, is there nothing for us to eat?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Katey, lifting the kettlelid in a pad of her stained skirt, asked:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And what’s in this?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A heavy fume gushed in answer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Peasoup, Maggy said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where did you get it? Katey asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sister Mary Patrick, Maggy said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The lacquey rang his bell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Barang!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Boody sat down at the table and said hungrily:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Give us it here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Maggy poured yellow thick soup from the kettle into a bowl. Katey, sitting
opposite Boody, said quietly, as her fingertip lifted to her mouth random
crumbs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A good job we have that much. Where’s Dilly?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Gone to meet father, Maggy said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Boody, breaking big chunks of bread into the yellow soup, added:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Our father who art not in heaven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Maggy, pouring yellow soup in Katey’s bowl, exclaimed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Boody! For shame!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A skiff, a crumpled throwaway, Elijah is coming, rode lightly down the Liffey,
under Loopline bridge, shooting the rapids where water chafed around the
bridgepiers, sailing eastward past hulls and anchorchains, between the
Customhouse old dock and George’s quay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The blond girl in Thornton’s bedded the wicker basket with rustling fibre.
Blazes Boylan handed her the bottle swathed in pink tissue paper and a small
jar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Put these in first, will you? he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir, the blond girl said. And the fruit on top.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’ll do, game ball, Blazes Boylan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She bestowed fat pears neatly, head by tail, and among them ripe shamefaced
peaches.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blazes Boylan walked here and there in new tan shoes about the fruitsmelling
shop, lifting fruits, young juicy crinkled and plump red tomatoes, sniffing
smells.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>H. E. L. Y.’S filed before him, tallwhitehatted, past Tangier lane, plodding
towards their goal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned suddenly from a chip of strawberries, drew a gold watch from his fob
and held it at its chain’s length.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Can you send them by tram? Now?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A darkbacked figure under Merchants’ arch scanned books on the hawker’s cart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Certainly, sir. Is it in the city?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, yes, Blazes Boylan said. Ten minutes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The blond girl handed him a docket and pencil.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Will you write the address, sir?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blazes Boylan at the counter wrote and pushed the docket to her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Send it at once, will you? he said. It’s for an invalid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir. I will, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blazes Boylan rattled merry money in his trousers’ pocket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s the damage? he asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The blond girl’s slim fingers reckoned the fruits.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blazes Boylan looked into the cut of her blouse. A young pullet. He took a red
carnation from the tall stemglass.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—This for me? he asked gallantly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The blond girl glanced sideways at him, got up regardless, with his tie a bit
crooked, blushing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir, she said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bending archly she reckoned again fat pears and blushing peaches.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blazes Boylan looked in her blouse with more favour, the stalk of the red
flower between his smiling teeth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—May I say a word to your telephone, missy? he asked roguishly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Ma!</em> Almidano Artifoni said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He gazed over Stephen’s shoulder at Goldsmith’s knobby poll.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Two carfuls of tourists passed slowly, their women sitting fore, gripping the
handrests. Palefaces. Men’s arms frankly round their stunted forms. They looked
from Trinity to the blind columned porch of the bank of Ireland where pigeons
roocoocooed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Anch’io ho avuto di queste idee</em>, Almidano Artifoni said,
<em>quand’ ero giovine come Lei. Eppoi mi sono convinto che il mondo è una
bestia. È peccato. Perchè la sua voce... sarebbe un cespite di rendita, via.
Invece, Lei si sacrifica.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Sacrifizio incruento,</em> Stephen said smiling, swaying his ashplant
in slow swingswong from its midpoint, lightly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Speriamo,</em> the round mustachioed face said pleasantly. <em>Ma, dia
retta a me. Ci rifletta</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By the stern stone hand of Grattan, bidding halt, an Inchicore tram unloaded
straggling Highland soldiers of a band.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Ci rifletterò,</em> Stephen said, glancing down the solid trouserleg.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Ma, sul serio, eh?</em> Almidano Artifoni said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His heavy hand took Stephen’s firmly. Human eyes. They gazed curiously an
instant and turned quickly towards a Dalkey tram.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Eccolo,</em> Almidano Artifoni said in friendly haste. <em>Venga a
trovarmi e ci pensi. Addio, caro.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Arrivederla, maestro,</em> Stephen said, raising his hat when his hand
was freed. <em>E grazie.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Di che?</em> Almidano Artifoni said. <em>Scusi, eh? Tante belle
cose!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Almidano Artifoni, holding up a baton of rolled music as a signal, trotted on
stout trousers after the Dalkey tram. In vain he trotted, signalling in vain
among the rout of barekneed gillies smuggling implements of music through
Trinity gates.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Dunne hid the Capel street library copy of <em>The Woman in White</em> far
back in her drawer and rolled a sheet of gaudy notepaper into her typewriter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Too much mystery business in it. Is he in love with that one, Marion? Change it
and get another by Mary Cecil Haye.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The disk shot down the groove, wobbled a while, ceased and ogled them: six.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Dunne clicked on the keyboard:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—16 June 1904.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Five tallwhitehatted sandwichmen between Monypeny’s corner and the slab where
Wolfe Tone’s statue was not, eeled themselves turning H. E. L. Y.’S and plodded
back as they had come.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then she stared at the large poster of Marie Kendall, charming soubrette, and,
listlessly lolling, scribbled on the jotter sixteens and capital esses. Mustard
hair and dauby cheeks. She’s not nicelooking, is she? The way she’s holding up
her bit of a skirt. Wonder will that fellow be at the band tonight. If I could
get that dressmaker to make a concertina skirt like Susy Nagle’s. They kick out
grand. Shannon and all the boatclub swells never took his eyes off her. Hope to
goodness he won’t keep me here till seven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The telephone rang rudely by her ear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello. Yes, sir. No, sir. Yes, sir. I’ll ring them up after five. Only
those two, sir, for Belfast and Liverpool. All right, sir. Then I can go after
six if you’re not back. A quarter after. Yes, sir. Twentyseven and six. I’ll
tell him. Yes: one, seven, six.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She scribbled three figures on an envelope.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mr Boylan! Hello! That gentleman from <em>Sport</em> was in looking for
you. Mr Lenehan, yes. He said he’ll be in the Ormond at four. No, sir. Yes,
sir. I’ll ring them up after five.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Two pink faces turned in the flare of the tiny torch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who’s that? Ned Lambert asked. Is that Crotty?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ringabella and Crosshaven, a voice replied groping for foothold.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Jack, is that yourself? Ned Lambert said, raising in salute his
pliant lath among the flickering arches. Come on. Mind your steps there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The vesta in the clergyman’s uplifted hand consumed itself in a long soft flame
and was let fall. At their feet its red speck died: and mouldy air closed round
them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How interesting! a refined accent said in the gloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir, Ned Lambert said heartily. We are standing in the historic
council chamber of saint Mary’s abbey where silken Thomas proclaimed himself a
rebel in 1534. This is the most historic spot in all Dublin. O’Madden Burke is
going to write something about it one of these days. The old bank of Ireland
was over the way till the time of the union and the original jews’ temple was
here too before they built their synagogue over in Adelaide road. You were
never here before, Jack, were you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Ned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He rode down through Dame walk, the refined accent said, if my memory
serves me. The mansion of the Kildares was in Thomas court.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s right, Ned Lambert said. That’s quite right, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—If you will be so kind then, the clergyman said, the next time to allow
me perhaps...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Certainly, Ned Lambert said. Bring the camera whenever you like. I’ll
get those bags cleared away from the windows. You can take it from here or from
here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the still faint light he moved about, tapping with his lath the piled
seedbags and points of vantage on the floor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From a long face a beard and gaze hung on a chessboard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m deeply obliged, Mr Lambert, the clergyman said. I won’t trespass on
your valuable time...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You’re welcome, sir, Ned Lambert said. Drop in whenever you like. Next
week, say. Can you see?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, yes. Good afternoon, Mr Lambert. Very pleased to have met you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pleasure is mine, sir, Ned Lambert answered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He followed his guest to the outlet and then whirled his lath away among the
pillars. With J. J. O’Molloy he came forth slowly into Mary’s abbey where
draymen were loading floats with sacks of carob and palmnut meal, O’Connor,
Wexford.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stood to read the card in his hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The reverend Hugh C. Love, Rathcoffey. Present address: Saint Michael’s,
Sallins. Nice young chap he is. He’s writing a book about the Fitzgeralds he
told me. He’s well up in history, faith.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The young woman with slow care detached from her light skirt a clinging twig.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I thought you were at a new gunpowder plot, J. J. O’Molloy said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ned Lambert cracked his fingers in the air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—God! he cried. I forgot to tell him that one about the earl of Kildare
after he set fire to Cashel cathedral. You know that one? <em>I’m bloody sorry I
did it,</em> says he, <em>but I declare to God I thought the archbishop was
inside.</em> He mightn’t like it, though. What? God, I’ll tell him anyhow. That
was the great earl, the Fitzgerald Mor. Hot members they were all of them, the
Geraldines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The horses he passed started nervously under their slack harness. He slapped a
piebald haunch quivering near him and cried:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Woa, sonny!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned to J. J. O’Molloy and asked:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, Jack. What is it? What’s the trouble? Wait awhile. Hold hard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With gaping mouth and head far back he stood still and, after an instant,
sneezed loudly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Chow! he said. Blast you!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The dust from those sacks, J. J. O’Molloy said politely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Ned Lambert gasped, I caught a... cold night before... blast your
soul... night before last... and there was a hell of a lot of draught...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He held his handkerchief ready for the coming...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I was... Glasnevin this morning... poor little... what do you call
him... Chow!... Mother of Moses!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tom Rochford took the top disk from the pile he clasped against his claret
waistcoat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—See? he said. Say it’s turn six. In here, see. Turn Now On.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He slid it into the left slot for them. It shot down the groove, wobbled a
while, ceased, ogling them: six.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lawyers of the past, haughty, pleading, beheld pass from the consolidated
taxing office to Nisi Prius court Richie Goulding carrying the costbag of
Goulding, Collis and Ward and heard rustling from the admiralty division of
king’s bench to the court of appeal an elderly female with false teeth smiling
incredulously and a black silk skirt of great amplitude.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—See? he said. See now the last one I put in is over here: Turns Over.
The impact. Leverage, see?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He showed them the rising column of disks on the right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Smart idea, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling. So a fellow coming in late can
see what turn is on and what turns are over.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—See? Tom Rochford said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He slid in a disk for himself: and watched it shoot, wobble, ogle, stop: four.
Turn Now On.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll see him now in the Ormond, Lenehan said, and sound him. One good
turn deserves another.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do, Tom Rochford said. Tell him I’m Boylan with impatience.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Goodnight, M’Coy said abruptly. When you two begin...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nosey Flynn stooped towards the lever, snuffling at it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But how does it work here, Tommy? he asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tooraloo, Lenehan said. See you later.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He followed M’Coy out across the tiny square of Crampton court.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s a hero, he said simply.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know, M’Coy said. The drain, you mean.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Drain? Lenehan said. It was down a manhole.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They passed Dan Lowry’s musichall where Marie Kendall, charming soubrette,
smiled on them from a poster a dauby smile.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Going down the path of Sycamore street beside the Empire musichall Lenehan
showed M’Coy how the whole thing was. One of those manholes like a bloody
gaspipe and there was the poor devil stuck down in it, half choked with sewer
gas. Down went Tom Rochford anyhow, booky’s vest and all, with the rope round
him. And be damned but he got the rope round the poor devil and the two were
hauled up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The act of a hero, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At the Dolphin they halted to allow the ambulance car to gallop past them for
Jervis street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—This way, he said, walking to the right. I want to pop into Lynam’s to
see Sceptre’s starting price. What’s the time by your gold watch and chain?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>M’Coy peered into Marcus Tertius Moses’ sombre office, then at O’Neill’s clock.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—After three, he said. Who’s riding her?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O. Madden, Lenehan said. And a game filly she is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>While he waited in Temple bar M’Coy dodged a banana peel with gentle pushes of
his toe from the path to the gutter. Fellow might damn easy get a nasty fall
there coming along tight in the dark.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The gates of the drive opened wide to give egress to the viceregal cavalcade.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Even money, Lenehan said returning. I knocked against Bantam Lyons in
there going to back a bloody horse someone gave him that hasn’t an earthly.
Through here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They went up the steps and under Merchants’ arch. A darkbacked figure scanned
books on the hawker’s cart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There he is, Lenehan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wonder what he’s buying, M’Coy said, glancing behind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Leopoldo or the Bloom is on the Rye,</em> Lenehan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s dead nuts on sales, M’Coy said. I was with him one day and he
bought a book from an old one in Liffey street for two bob. There were fine
plates in it worth double the money, the stars and the moon and comets with
long tails. Astronomy it was about.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan laughed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll tell you a damn good one about comets’ tails, he said. Come over in
the sun.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They crossed to the metal bridge and went along Wellington quay by the
riverwall.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam came out of Mangan’s, late Fehrenbach’s,
carrying a pound and a half of porksteaks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There was a long spread out at Glencree reformatory, Lenehan said
eagerly. The annual dinner, you know. Boiled shirt affair. The lord mayor was
there, Val Dillon it was, and sir Charles Cameron and Dan Dawson spoke and
there was music. Bartell d’Arcy sang and Benjamin Dollard...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know, M’Coy broke in. My missus sang there once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did she? Lenehan said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A card <em>Unfurnished Apartments</em> reappeared on the windowsash of number 7
Eccles street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He checked his tale a moment but broke out in a wheezy laugh.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But wait till I tell you, he said. Delahunt of Camden street had the
catering and yours truly was chief bottlewasher. Bloom and the wife were there.
Lashings of stuff we put up: port wine and sherry and curacoa to which we did
ample justice. Fast and furious it was. After liquids came solids. Cold joints
galore and mince pies...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know, M’Coy said. The year the missus was there...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan linked his arm warmly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But wait till I tell you, he said. We had a midnight lunch too after all
the jollification and when we sallied forth it was blue o’clock the morning
after the night before. Coming home it was a gorgeous winter’s night on the
Featherbed Mountain. Bloom and Chris Callinan were on one side of the car and I
was with the wife on the other. We started singing glees and duets: <em>Lo, the
early beam of morning</em>. She was well primed with a good load of Delahunt’s
port under her bellyband. Every jolt the bloody car gave I had her bumping up
against me. Hell’s delights! She has a fine pair, God bless her. Like that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He held his caved hands a cubit from him, frowning:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I was tucking the rug under her and settling her boa all the time. Know
what I mean?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His hands moulded ample curves of air. He shut his eyes tight in delight, his
body shrinking, and blew a sweet chirp from his lips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The lad stood to attention anyhow, he said with a sigh. She’s a gamey
mare and no mistake. Bloom was pointing out all the stars and the comets in the
heavens to Chris Callinan and the jarvey: the great bear and Hercules and the
dragon, and the whole jingbang lot. But, by God, I was lost, so to speak, in
the milky way. He knows them all, faith. At last she spotted a weeny weeshy one
miles away. <em>And what star is that, Poldy?</em> says she. By God, she had
Bloom cornered. <em>That one, is it?</em> says Chris Callinan, <em>sure that’s
only what you might call a pinprick.</em> By God, he wasn’t far wide of the
mark.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan stopped and leaned on the riverwall, panting with soft laughter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m weak, he gasped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>M’Coy’s white face smiled about it at instants and grew grave. Lenehan walked
on again. He lifted his yachtingcap and scratched his hindhead rapidly. He
glanced sideways in the sunlight at M’Coy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s a cultured allroundman, Bloom is, he said seriously. He’s not one
of your common or garden... you know... There’s a touch of the artist about old
Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom turned over idly pages of <em>The Awful Disclosures of Maria Monk</em>,
then of Aristotle’s <em>Masterpiece.</em> Crooked botched print. Plates: infants
cuddled in a ball in bloodred wombs like livers of slaughtered cows. Lots of
them like that at this moment all over the world. All butting with their skulls
to get out of it. Child born every minute somewhere. Mrs Purefoy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He laid both books aside and glanced at the third: <em>Tales of the Ghetto</em>
by Leopold von Sacher Masoch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That I had, he said, pushing it by.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The shopman let two volumes fall on the counter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Them are two good ones, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Onions of his breath came across the counter out of his ruined mouth. He bent
to make a bundle of the other books, hugged them against his unbuttoned
waistcoat and bore them off behind the dingy curtain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On O’Connell bridge many persons observed the grave deportment and gay apparel
of Mr Denis J Maginni, professor of dancing &amp;c.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom, alone, looked at the titles. <em>Fair Tyrants</em> by James Lovebirch.
Know the kind that is. Had it? Yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He opened it. Thought so.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A woman’s voice behind the dingy curtain. Listen: the man.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No: she wouldn’t like that much. Got her it once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He read the other title: <em>Sweets of Sin</em>. More in her line. Let us see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He read where his finger opened.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—All the dollarbills her husband gave her were spent in the stores on
wondrous gowns and costliest frillies. For him! For Raoul!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes. This. Here. Try.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Her mouth glued on his in a luscious voluptuous kiss while his hands
felt for the opulent curves inside her déshabillé.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes. Take this. The end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You are late, he spoke hoarsely, eying her with a suspicious glare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The beautiful woman threw off her sabletrimmed wrap, displaying her queenly
shoulders and heaving embonpoint. An imperceptible smile played round her
perfect lips as she turned to him calmly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom read again: <em>The beautiful woman.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Warmth showered gently over him, cowing his flesh. Flesh yielded amply amid
rumpled clothes: whites of eyes swooning up. His nostrils arched themselves for
prey. Melting breast ointments (<em>for him! For Raoul!</em>). Armpits’ oniony
sweat. Fishgluey slime (<em>her heaving embonpoint!</em>). Feel! Press! Crished!
Sulphur dung of lions!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Young! Young!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An elderly female, no more young, left the building of the courts of chancery,
king’s bench, exchequer and common pleas, having heard in the lord chancellor’s
court the case in lunacy of Potterton, in the admiralty division the summons,
exparte motion, of the owners of the Lady Cairns versus the owners of the
barque Mona, in the court of appeal reservation of judgment in the case of
Harvey versus the Ocean Accident and Guarantee Corporation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Phlegmy coughs shook the air of the bookshop, bulging out the dingy curtains.
The shopman’s uncombed grey head came out and his unshaven reddened face,
coughing. He raked his throat rudely, puked phlegm on the floor. He put his
boot on what he had spat, wiping his sole along it, and bent, showing a
rawskinned crown, scantily haired.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom beheld it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mastering his troubled breath, he said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll take this one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The shopman lifted eyes bleared with old rheum.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Sweets of Sin,</em> he said, tapping on it. That’s a good one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The lacquey by the door of Dillon’s auctionrooms shook his handbell twice again
and viewed himself in the chalked mirror of the cabinet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dilly Dedalus, loitering by the curbstone, heard the beats of the bell, the
cries of the auctioneer within. Four and nine. Those lovely curtains. Five
shillings. Cosy curtains. Selling new at two guineas. Any advance on five
shillings? Going for five shillings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The lacquey lifted his handbell and shook it:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Barang!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bang of the lastlap bell spurred the halfmile wheelmen to their sprint. J. A.
Jackson, W. E. Wylie, A. Munro and H. T. Gahan, their stretched necks wagging,
negotiated the curve by the College library.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus, tugging a long moustache, came round from Williams’s row. He halted
near his daughter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s time for you, she said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Stand up straight for the love of the lord Jesus, Mr Dedalus said. Are
you trying to imitate your uncle John, the cornetplayer, head upon shoulder?
Melancholy God!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dilly shrugged her shoulders. Mr Dedalus placed his hands on them and held them
back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Stand up straight, girl, he said. You’ll get curvature of the spine. Do
you know what you look like?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He let his head sink suddenly down and forward, hunching his shoulders and
dropping his underjaw.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Give it up, father, Dilly said. All the people are looking at you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus drew himself upright and tugged again at his moustache.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did you get any money? Dilly asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where would I get money? Mr Dedalus said. There is no-one in Dublin
would lend me fourpence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You got some, Dilly said, looking in his eyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How do you know that? Mr Dedalus asked, his tongue in his cheek.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Kernan, pleased with the order he had booked, walked boldly along James’s
street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know you did, Dilly answered. Were you in the Scotch house now?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I was not, then, Mr Dedalus said, smiling. Was it the little nuns taught
you to be so saucy? Here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He handed her a shilling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—See if you can do anything with that, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I suppose you got five, Dilly said. Give me more than that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wait awhile, Mr Dedalus said threateningly. You’re like the rest of
them, are you? An insolent pack of little bitches since your poor mother died.
But wait awhile. You’ll all get a short shrift and a long day from me. Low
blackguardism! I’m going to get rid of you. Wouldn’t care if I was stretched
out stiff. He’s dead. The man upstairs is dead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He left her and walked on. Dilly followed quickly and pulled his coat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, what is it? he said, stopping.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The lacquey rang his bell behind their backs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Barang!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Curse your bloody blatant soul, Mr Dedalus cried, turning on him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The lacquey, aware of comment, shook the lolling clapper of his bell but
feebly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bang!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus stared at him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Watch him, he said. It’s instructive. I wonder will he allow us to talk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You got more than that, father, Dilly said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m going to show you a little trick, Mr Dedalus said. I’ll leave you
all where Jesus left the jews. Look, there’s all I have. I got two shillings
from Jack Power and I spent twopence for a shave for the funeral.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He drew forth a handful of copper coins, nervously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Can’t you look for some money somewhere? Dilly said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus thought and nodded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I will, he said gravely. I looked all along the gutter in O’Connell
street. I’ll try this one now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You’re very funny, Dilly said, grinning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Here, Mr Dedalus said, handing her two pennies. Get a glass of milk for
yourself and a bun or a something. I’ll be home shortly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He put the other coins in his pocket and started to walk on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The viceregal cavalcade passed, greeted by obsequious policemen, out of
Parkgate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m sure you have another shilling, Dilly said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The lacquey banged loudly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus amid the din walked off, murmuring to himself with a pursing mincing
mouth gently:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The little nuns! Nice little things! O, sure they wouldn’t do anything!
O, sure they wouldn’t really! Is it little sister Monica!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From the sundial towards James’s gate walked Mr Kernan, pleased with the order
he had booked for Pulbrook Robertson, boldly along James’s street, past
Shackleton’s offices. Got round him all right. How do you do, Mr Crimmins?
First rate, sir. I was afraid you might be up in your other establishment in
Pimlico. How are things going? Just keeping alive. Lovely weather we’re having.
Yes, indeed. Good for the country. Those farmers are always grumbling. I’ll
just take a thimbleful of your best gin, Mr Crimmins. A small gin, sir. Yes,
sir. Terrible affair that <em>General Slocum</em> explosion. Terrible, terrible!
A thousand casualties. And heartrending scenes. Men trampling down women and
children. Most brutal thing. What do they say was the cause? Spontaneous
combustion. Most scandalous revelation. Not a single lifeboat would float and
the firehose all burst. What I can’t understand is how the inspectors ever
allowed a boat like that... Now, you’re talking straight, Mr Crimmins. You know
why? Palm oil. Is that a fact? Without a doubt. Well now, look at that. And
America they say is the land of the free. I thought we were bad here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I smiled at him. <em>America,</em> I said quietly, just like that. <em>What is it?
The sweepings of every country including our own. Isn’t that true?</em> That’s a
fact.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Graft, my dear sir. Well, of course, where there’s money going there’s always
someone to pick it up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Saw him looking at my frockcoat. Dress does it. Nothing like a dressy
appearance. Bowls them over.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Simon, Father Cowley said. How are things?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Bob, old man, Mr Dedalus answered, stopping.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Kernan halted and preened himself before the sloping mirror of Peter
Kennedy, hairdresser. Stylish coat, beyond a doubt. Scott of Dawson street.
Well worth the half sovereign I gave Neary for it. Never built under three
guineas. Fits me down to the ground. Some Kildare street club toff had it
probably. John Mulligan, the manager of the Hibernian bank, gave me a very
sharp eye yesterday on Carlisle bridge as if he remembered me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aham! Must dress the character for those fellows. Knight of the road.
Gentleman. And now, Mr Crimmins, may we have the honour of your custom again,
sir. The cup that cheers but not inebriates, as the old saying has it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>North wall and sir John Rogerson’s quay, with hulls and anchorchains, sailing
westward, sailed by a skiff, a crumpled throwaway, rocked on the ferrywash,
Elijah is coming.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Kernan glanced in farewell at his image. High colour, of course. Grizzled
moustache. Returned Indian officer. Bravely he bore his stumpy body forward on
spatted feet, squaring his shoulders. Is that Ned Lambert’s brother over the
way, Sam? What? Yes. He’s as like it as damn it. No. The windscreen of that
motorcar in the sun there. Just a flash like that. Damn like him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aham! Hot spirit of juniper juice warmed his vitals and his breath. Good drop
of gin, that was. His frocktails winked in bright sunshine to his fat strut.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Down there Emmet was hanged, drawn and quartered. Greasy black rope. Dogs
licking the blood off the street when the lord lieutenant’s wife drove by in
her noddy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bad times those were. Well, well. Over and done with. Great topers too.
Fourbottle men.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Let me see. Is he buried in saint Michan’s? Or no, there was a midnight burial
in Glasnevin. Corpse brought in through a secret door in the wall. Dignam is
there now. Went out in a puff. Well, well. Better turn down here. Make a
detour.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Kernan turned and walked down the slope of Watling street by the corner of
Guinness’s visitors’ waitingroom. Outside the Dublin Distillers Company’s
stores an outside car without fare or jarvey stood, the reins knotted to the
wheel. Damn dangerous thing. Some Tipperary bosthoon endangering the lives of
the citizens. Runaway horse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Denis Breen with his tomes, weary of having waited an hour in John Henry
Menton’s office, led his wife over O’Connell bridge, bound for the office of
Messrs Collis and Ward.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Kernan approached Island street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Times of the troubles. Must ask Ned Lambert to lend me those reminiscences of
sir Jonah Barrington. When you look back on it all now in a kind of
retrospective arrangement. Gaming at Daly’s. No cardsharping then. One of those
fellows got his hand nailed to the table by a dagger. Somewhere here lord
Edward Fitzgerald escaped from major Sirr. Stables behind Moira house.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Damn good gin that was.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fine dashing young nobleman. Good stock, of course. That ruffian, that sham
squire, with his violet gloves gave him away. Course they were on the wrong
side. They rose in dark and evil days. Fine poem that is: Ingram. They were
gentlemen. Ben Dollard does sing that ballad touchingly. Masterly rendition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>At the siege of Ross did my father fall.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A cavalcade in easy trot along Pembroke quay passed, outriders leaping, leaping
in their, in their saddles. Frockcoats. Cream sunshades.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Kernan hurried forward, blowing pursily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His Excellency! Too bad! Just missed that by a hair. Damn it! What a pity!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen Dedalus watched through the webbed window the lapidary’s fingers prove
a timedulled chain. Dust webbed the window and the showtrays. Dust darkened the
toiling fingers with their vulture nails. Dust slept on dull coils of bronze
and silver, lozenges of cinnabar, on rubies, leprous and winedark stones.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Born all in the dark wormy earth, cold specks of fire, evil, lights shining in
the darkness. Where fallen archangels flung the stars of their brows. Muddy
swinesnouts, hands, root and root, gripe and wrest them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She dances in a foul gloom where gum bums with garlic. A sailorman,
rustbearded, sips from a beaker rum and eyes her. A long and seafed silent rut.
She dances, capers, wagging her sowish haunches and her hips, on her gross
belly flapping a ruby egg.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Old Russell with a smeared shammy rag burnished again his gem, turned it and
held it at the point of his Moses’ beard. Grandfather ape gloating on a stolen
hoard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And you who wrest old images from the burial earth? The brainsick words of
sophists: Antisthenes. A lore of drugs. Orient and immortal wheat standing from
everlasting to everlasting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Two old women fresh from their whiff of the briny trudged through Irishtown
along London bridge road, one with a sanded tired umbrella, one with a
midwife’s bag in which eleven cockles rolled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The whirr of flapping leathern bands and hum of dynamos from the powerhouse
urged Stephen to be on. Beingless beings. Stop! Throb always without you and
the throb always within. Your heart you sing of. I between them. Where? Between
two roaring worlds where they swirl, I. Shatter them, one and both. But stun
myself too in the blow. Shatter me you who can. Bawd and butcher were the
words. I say! Not yet awhile. A look around.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes, quite true. Very large and wonderful and keeps famous time. You say right,
sir. A Monday morning, ’twas so, indeed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen went down Bedford row, the handle of the ash clacking against his
shoulderblade. In Clohissey’s window a faded 1860 print of Heenan boxing Sayers
held his eye. Staring backers with square hats stood round the roped prizering.
The heavyweights in tight loincloths proposed gently each to other his bulbous
fists. And they are throbbing: heroes’ hearts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned and halted by the slanted bookcart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Twopence each, the huckster said. Four for sixpence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tattered pages. <em>The Irish Beekeeper. Life and Miracles of the Curé of Ars.
Pocket Guide to Killarney.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I might find here one of my pawned schoolprizes. <em>Stephano Dedalo, alumno
optimo, palmam ferenti.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Conmee, having read his little hours, walked through the hamlet of
Donnycarney, murmuring vespers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Binding too good probably. What is this? Eighth and ninth book of Moses. Secret
of all secrets. Seal of King David. Thumbed pages: read and read. Who has
passed here before me? How to soften chapped hands. Recipe for white wine
vinegar. How to win a woman’s love. For me this. Say the following talisman
three times with hands folded:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Se el yilo nebrakada femininum! Amor me solo! Sanktus! Amen.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Who wrote this? Charms and invocations of the most blessed abbot Peter Salanka
to all true believers divulged. As good as any other abbot’s charms, as
mumbling Joachim’s. Down, baldynoddle, or we’ll wool your wool.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What are you doing here, Stephen?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dilly’s high shoulders and shabby dress.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Shut the book quick. Don’t let see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What are you doing? Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A Stuart face of nonesuch Charles, lank locks falling at its sides. It glowed
as she crouched feeding the fire with broken boots. I told her of Paris. Late
lieabed under a quilt of old overcoats, fingering a pinchbeck bracelet, Dan
Kelly’s token. <em>Nebrakada femininum.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What have you there? Stephen asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I bought it from the other cart for a penny, Dilly said, laughing
nervously. Is it any good?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>My eyes they say she has. Do others see me so? Quick, far and daring. Shadow of
my mind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He took the coverless book from her hand. Chardenal’s French primer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What did you buy that for? he asked. To learn French?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She nodded, reddening and closing tight her lips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Show no surprise. Quite natural.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Here, Stephen said. It’s all right. Mind Maggy doesn’t pawn it on you. I
suppose all my books are gone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Some, Dilly said. We had to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She is drowning. Agenbite. Save her. Agenbite. All against us. She will drown
me with her, eyes and hair. Lank coils of seaweed hair around me, my heart, my
soul. Salt green death.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Agenbite of inwit. Inwit’s agenbite.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Misery! Misery!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Simon, Father Cowley said. How are things?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Bob, old man, Mr Dedalus answered, stopping.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They clasped hands loudly outside Reddy and Daughter’s. Father Cowley brushed
his moustache often downward with a scooping hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s the best news? Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why then not much, Father Cowley said. I’m barricaded up, Simon, with
two men prowling around the house trying to effect an entrance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Jolly, Mr Dedalus said. Who is it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, Father Cowley said. A certain gombeen man of our acquaintance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—With a broken back, is it? Mr Dedalus asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The same, Simon, Father Cowley answered. Reuben of that ilk. I’m just
waiting for Ben Dollard. He’s going to say a word to long John to get him to
take those two men off. All I want is a little time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked with vague hope up and down the quay, a big apple bulging in his
neck.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know, Mr Dedalus said, nodding. Poor old bockedy Ben! He’s always
doing a good turn for someone. Hold hard!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He put on his glasses and gazed towards the metal bridge an instant.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There he is, by God, he said, arse and pockets.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ben Dollard’s loose blue cutaway and square hat above large slops crossed the
quay in full gait from the metal bridge. He came towards them at an amble,
scratching actively behind his coattails.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As he came near Mr Dedalus greeted:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hold that fellow with the bad trousers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hold him now, Ben Dollard said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus eyed with cold wandering scorn various points of Ben Dollard’s
figure. Then, turning to Father Cowley with a nod, he muttered sneeringly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s a pretty garment, isn’t it, for a summer’s day?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why, God eternally curse your soul, Ben Dollard growled furiously, I
threw out more clothes in my time than you ever saw.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stood beside them beaming, on them first and on his roomy clothes from
points of which Mr Dedalus flicked fluff, saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They were made for a man in his health, Ben, anyhow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bad luck to the jewman that made them, Ben Dollard said. Thanks be to
God he’s not paid yet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And how is that <em>basso profondo</em>, Benjamin? Father Cowley asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, murmuring, glassyeyed,
strode past the Kildare street club.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ben Dollard frowned and, making suddenly a chanter’s mouth, gave forth a deep
note.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Aw! he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s the style, Mr Dedalus said, nodding to its drone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What about that? Ben Dollard said. Not too dusty? What?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned to both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’ll do, Father Cowley said, nodding also.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The reverend Hugh C. Love walked from the old chapterhouse of saint Mary’s
abbey past James and Charles Kennedy’s, rectifiers, attended by Geraldines tall
and personable, towards the Tholsel beyond the ford of hurdles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ben Dollard with a heavy list towards the shopfronts led them forward, his
joyful fingers in the air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come along with me to the subsheriff’s office, he said. I want to show
you the new beauty Rock has for a bailiff. He’s a cross between Lobengula and
Lynchehaun. He’s well worth seeing, mind you. Come along. I saw John Henry
Menton casually in the Bodega just now and it will cost me a fall if I don’t...
Wait awhile... We’re on the right lay, Bob, believe you me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—For a few days tell him, Father Cowley said anxiously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ben Dollard halted and stared, his loud orifice open, a dangling button of his
coat wagging brightbacked from its thread as he wiped away the heavy shraums
that clogged his eyes to hear aright.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What few days? he boomed. Hasn’t your landlord distrained for rent?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He has, Father Cowley said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Then our friend’s writ is not worth the paper it’s printed on, Ben
Dollard said. The landlord has the prior claim. I gave him all the particulars.
29 Windsor avenue. Love is the name?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s right, Father Cowley said. The reverend Mr Love. He’s a minister
in the country somewhere. But are you sure of that?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You can tell Barabbas from me, Ben Dollard said, that he can put that
writ where Jacko put the nuts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He led Father Cowley boldly forward, linked to his bulk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Filberts I believe they were, Mr Dedalus said, as he dropped his glasses
on his coatfront, following them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The youngster will be all right, Martin Cunningham said, as they passed
out of the Castleyard gate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The policeman touched his forehead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—God bless you, Martin Cunningham said, cheerily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He signed to the waiting jarvey who chucked at the reins and set on towards
Lord Edward street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bronze by gold, Miss Kennedy’s head by Miss Douce’s head, appeared above the
crossblind of the Ormond hotel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Martin Cunningham said, fingering his beard. I wrote to Father
Conmee and laid the whole case before him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You could try our friend, Mr Power suggested backward.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Boyd? Martin Cunningham said shortly. Touch me not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Wyse Nolan, lagging behind, reading the list, came after them quickly down
Cork hill.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On the steps of the City hall Councillor Nannetti, descending, hailed Alderman
Cowley and Councillor Abraham Lyon ascending.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The castle car wheeled empty into upper Exchange street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Look here, Martin, John Wyse Nolan said, overtaking them at the
<em>Mail</em> office. I see Bloom put his name down for five shillings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Quite right, Martin Cunningham said, taking the list. And put down the
five shillings too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Without a second word either, Mr Power said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Strange but true, Martin Cunningham added.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Wyse Nolan opened wide eyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll say there is much kindness in the jew, he quoted, elegantly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They went down Parliament street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There’s Jimmy Henry, Mr Power said, just heading for Kavanagh’s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Righto, Martin Cunningham said. Here goes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Outside <em>la Maison Claire</em> Blazes Boylan waylaid Jack Mooney’s
brother-in-law, humpy, tight, making for the liberties.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Wyse Nolan fell back with Mr Power, while Martin Cunningham took the elbow
of a dapper little man in a shower of hail suit, who walked uncertainly, with
hasty steps past Micky Anderson’s watches.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The assistant town clerk’s corns are giving him some trouble, John Wyse
Nolan told Mr Power.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They followed round the corner towards James Kavanagh’s winerooms. The empty
castle car fronted them at rest in Essex gate. Martin Cunningham, speaking
always, showed often the list at which Jimmy Henry did not glance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And long John Fanning is here too, John Wyse Nolan said, as large as
life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The tall form of long John Fanning filled the doorway where he stood.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good day, Mr Subsheriff, Martin Cunningham said, as all halted and
greeted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Long John Fanning made no way for them. He removed his large Henry Clay
decisively and his large fierce eyes scowled intelligently over all their
faces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are the conscript fathers pursuing their peaceful deliberations? he said
with rich acrid utterance to the assistant town clerk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hell open to christians they were having, Jimmy Henry said pettishly, about
their damned Irish language. Where was the marshal, he wanted to know, to keep
order in the council chamber. And old Barlow the macebearer laid up with
asthma, no mace on the table, nothing in order, no quorum even, and Hutchinson,
the lord mayor, in Llandudno and little Lorcan Sherlock doing <em>locum
tenens</em> for him. Damned Irish language, language of our forefathers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Long John Fanning blew a plume of smoke from his lips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Martin Cunningham spoke by turns, twirling the peak of his beard, to the
assistant town clerk and the subsheriff, while John Wyse Nolan held his peace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What Dignam was that? long John Fanning asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jimmy Henry made a grimace and lifted his left foot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, my corns! he said plaintively. Come upstairs for goodness’ sake till
I sit down somewhere. Uff! Ooo! Mind!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Testily he made room for himself beside long John Fanning’s flank and passed in
and up the stairs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come on up, Martin Cunningham said to the subsheriff. I don’t think you
knew him or perhaps you did, though.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With John Wyse Nolan Mr Power followed them in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Decent little soul he was, Mr Power said to the stalwart back of long
John Fanning ascending towards long John Fanning in the mirror.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Rather lowsized. Dignam of Menton’s office that was, Martin Cunningham
said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Long John Fanning could not remember him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Clatter of horsehoofs sounded from the air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s that? Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All turned where they stood. John Wyse Nolan came down again. From the cool
shadow of the doorway he saw the horses pass Parliament street, harness and
glossy pasterns in sunlight shimmering. Gaily they went past before his cool
unfriendly eyes, not quickly. In saddles of the leaders, leaping leaders, rode
outriders.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What was it? Martin Cunningham asked, as they went on up the staircase.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The lord lieutenantgeneral and general governor of Ireland, John Wyse
Nolan answered from the stairfoot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As they trod across the thick carpet Buck Mulligan whispered behind his Panama
to Haines:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Parnell’s brother. There in the corner.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They chose a small table near the window, opposite a longfaced man whose beard
and gaze hung intently down on a chessboard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is that he? Haines asked, twisting round in his seat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mulligan said. That’s John Howard, his brother, our city marshal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>John Howard Parnell translated a white bishop quietly and his grey claw went up
again to his forehead whereat it rested. An instant after, under its screen,
his eyes looked quickly, ghostbright, at his foe and fell once more upon a
working corner.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll take a <em>mélange,</em> Haines said to the waitress.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Two <em>mélanges,</em> Buck Mulligan said. And bring us some scones and
butter and some cakes as well.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When she had gone he said, laughing:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We call it D.B.C. because they have damn bad cakes. O, but you missed
Dedalus on <em>Hamlet.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Haines opened his newbought book.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m sorry, he said. Shakespeare is the happy huntingground of all minds
that have lost their balance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The onelegged sailor growled at the area of 14 Nelson street:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>England expects</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan’s primrose waistcoat shook gaily to his laughter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You should see him, he said, when his body loses its balance. Wandering
Ængus I call him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I am sure he has an <em>idée fixe,</em> Haines said, pinching his chin
thoughtfully with thumb and forefinger. Now I am speculating what it would be
likely to be. Such persons always have.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan bent across the table gravely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They drove his wits astray, he said, by visions of hell. He will never
capture the Attic note. The note of Swinburne, of all poets, the white death
and the ruddy birth. That is his tragedy. He can never be a poet. The joy of
creation...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Eternal punishment, Haines said, nodding curtly. I see. I tackled him
this morning on belief. There was something on his mind, I saw. It’s rather
interesting because professor Pokorny of Vienna makes an interesting point out
of that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Buck Mulligan’s watchful eyes saw the waitress come. He helped her to unload
her tray.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He can find no trace of hell in ancient Irish myth, Haines said, amid
the cheerful cups. The moral idea seems lacking, the sense of destiny, of
retribution. Rather strange he should have just that fixed idea. Does he write
anything for your movement?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He sank two lumps of sugar deftly longwise through the whipped cream. Buck
Mulligan slit a steaming scone in two and plastered butter over its smoking
pith. He bit off a soft piece hungrily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ten years, he said, chewing and laughing. He is going to write something
in ten years.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Seems a long way off, Haines said, thoughtfully lifting his spoon.
Still, I shouldn’t wonder if he did after all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He tasted a spoonful from the creamy cone of his cup.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—This is real Irish cream I take it, he said with forbearance. I don’t
want to be imposed on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Elijah, skiff, light crumpled throwaway, sailed eastward by flanks of ships and
trawlers, amid an archipelago of corks, beyond new Wapping street past Benson’s
ferry, and by the threemasted schooner <em>Rosevean</em> from Bridgwater with
bricks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Almidano Artifoni walked past Holles street, past Sewell’s yard. Behind him
Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, with stickumbrelladustcoat
dangling, shunned the lamp before Mr Law Smith’s house and, crossing, walked
along Merrion square. Distantly behind him a blind stripling tapped his way by
the wall of College park.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell walked as far as Mr Lewis
Werner’s cheerful windows, then turned and strode back along Merrion square,
his stickumbrelladustcoat dangling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At the corner of Wilde’s house he halted, frowned at Elijah’s name announced on
the Metropolitan hall, frowned at the distant pleasance of duke’s lawn. His
eyeglass flashed frowning in the sun. With ratsteeth bared he muttered:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Coactus volui.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He strode on for Clare street, grinding his fierce word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As he strode past Mr Bloom’s dental windows the sway of his dustcoat brushed
rudely from its angle a slender tapping cane and swept onwards, having buffeted
a thewless body. The blind stripling turned his sickly face after the striding
form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—God’s curse on you, he said sourly, whoever you are! You’re blinder nor
I am, you bitch’s bastard!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>*    *    *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Opposite Ruggy O’Donohoe’s Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam, pawing the pound and
a half of Mangan’s, late Fehrenbach’s, porksteaks he had been sent for, went
along warm Wicklow street dawdling. It was too blooming dull sitting in the
parlour with Mrs Stoer and Mrs Quigley and Mrs MacDowell and the blind down and
they all at their sniffles and sipping sups of the superior tawny sherry uncle
Barney brought from Tunney’s. And they eating crumbs of the cottage fruitcake,
jawing the whole blooming time and sighing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After Wicklow lane the window of Madame Doyle, courtdress milliner, stopped
him. He stood looking in at the two puckers stripped to their pelts and putting
up their props. From the sidemirrors two mourning Masters Dignam gaped
silently. Myler Keogh, Dublin’s pet lamb, will meet sergeantmajor Bennett, the
Portobello bruiser, for a purse of fifty sovereigns. Gob, that’d be a good
pucking match to see. Myler Keogh, that’s the chap sparring out to him with the
green sash. Two bar entrance, soldiers half price. I could easy do a bunk on
ma. Master Dignam on his left turned as he turned. That’s me in mourning. When
is it? May the twentysecond. Sure, the blooming thing is all over. He turned to
the right and on his right Master Dignam turned, his cap awry, his collar
sticking up. Buttoning it down, his chin lifted, he saw the image of Marie
Kendall, charming soubrette, beside the two puckers. One of them mots that do
be in the packets of fags Stoer smokes that his old fellow welted hell out of
him for one time he found out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Master Dignam got his collar down and dawdled on. The best pucker going for
strength was Fitzsimons. One puck in the wind from that fellow would knock you
into the middle of next week, man. But the best pucker for science was Jem
Corbet before Fitzsimons knocked the stuffings out of him, dodging and all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Grafton street Master Dignam saw a red flower in a toff’s mouth and a swell
pair of kicks on him and he listening to what the drunk was telling him and
grinning all the time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No Sandymount tram.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Master Dignam walked along Nassau street, shifted the porksteaks to his other
hand. His collar sprang up again and he tugged it down. The blooming stud was
too small for the buttonhole of the shirt, blooming end to it. He met
schoolboys with satchels. I’m not going tomorrow either, stay away till Monday.
He met other schoolboys. Do they notice I’m in mourning? Uncle Barney said he’d
get it into the paper tonight. Then they’ll all see it in the paper and read my
name printed and pa’s name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His face got all grey instead of being red like it was and there was a fly
walking over it up to his eye. The scrunch that was when they were screwing the
screws into the coffin: and the bumps when they were bringing it downstairs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pa was inside it and ma crying in the parlour and uncle Barney telling the men
how to get it round the bend. A big coffin it was, and high and heavylooking.
How was that? The last night pa was boosed he was standing on the landing there
bawling out for his boots to go out to Tunney’s for to boose more and he looked
butty and short in his shirt. Never see him again. Death, that is. Pa is dead.
My father is dead. He told me to be a good son to ma. I couldn’t hear the other
things he said but I saw his tongue and his teeth trying to say it better. Poor
pa. That was Mr Dignam, my father. I hope he’s in purgatory now because he went
to confession to Father Conroy on Saturday night.</p>
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<p>*    *    *</p>
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<p>William Humble, earl of Dudley, and lady Dudley, accompanied by
lieutenantcolonel Heseltine, drove out after luncheon from the viceregal lodge.
In the following carriage were the honourable Mrs Paget, Miss de Courcy and the
honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C. in attendance.</p>
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<p>The cavalcade passed out by the lower gate of Phoenix park saluted by
obsequious policemen and proceeded past Kingsbridge along the northern quays.
The viceroy was most cordially greeted on his way through the metropolis. At
Bloody bridge Mr Thomas Kernan beyond the river greeted him vainly from afar.
Between Queen’s and Whitworth bridges lord Dudley’s viceregal carriages passed
and were unsaluted by Mr Dudley White, B. L., M. A., who stood on Arran quay
outside Mrs M. E. White’s, the pawnbroker’s, at the corner of Arran street west
stroking his nose with his forefinger, undecided whether he should arrive at
Phibsborough more quickly by a triple change of tram or by hailing a car or on
foot through Smithfield, Constitution hill and Broadstone terminus. In the
porch of Four Courts Richie Goulding with the costbag of Goulding, Collis and
Ward saw him with surprise. Past Richmond bridge at the doorstep of the office
of Reuben J Dodd, solicitor, agent for the Patriotic Insurance Company, an
elderly female about to enter changed her plan and retracing her steps by
King’s windows smiled credulously on the representative of His Majesty. From
its sluice in Wood quay wall under Tom Devan’s office Poddle river hung out in
fealty a tongue of liquid sewage. Above the crossblind of the Ormond hotel,
gold by bronze, Miss Kennedy’s head by Miss Douce’s head watched and admired.
On Ormond quay Mr Simon Dedalus, steering his way from the greenhouse for the
subsheriff’s office, stood still in midstreet and brought his hat low. His
Excellency graciously returned Mr Dedalus’ greeting. From Cahill’s corner the
reverend Hugh C. Love, M. A., made obeisance unperceived, mindful of lords
deputies whose hands benignant had held of yore rich advowsons. On Grattan
bridge Lenehan and M’Coy, taking leave of each other, watched the carriages go
by. Passing by Roger Greene’s office and Dollard’s big red printinghouse Gerty
MacDowell, carrying the Catesby’s cork lino letters for her father who was laid
up, knew by the style it was the lord and lady lieutenant but she couldn’t see
what Her Excellency had on because the tram and Spring’s big yellow furniture
van had to stop in front of her on account of its being the lord lieutenant.
Beyond Lundy Foot’s from the shaded door of Kavanagh’s winerooms John Wyse
Nolan smiled with unseen coldness towards the lord lieutenantgeneral and
general governor of Ireland. The Right Honourable William Humble, earl of
Dudley, G. C. V. O., passed Micky Anderson’s all times ticking watches and
Henry and James’s wax smartsuited freshcheeked models, the gentleman Henry,
<em>dernier cri</em> James. Over against Dame gate Tom Rochford and Nosey Flynn
watched the approach of the cavalcade. Tom Rochford, seeing the eyes of lady
Dudley fixed on him, took his thumbs quickly out of the pockets of his claret
waistcoat and doffed his cap to her. A charming <em>soubrette,</em> great Marie
Kendall, with dauby cheeks and lifted skirt smiled daubily from her poster upon
William Humble, earl of Dudley, and upon lieutenantcolonel H. G. Heseltine, and
also upon the honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C. From the window of the D. B. C.
Buck Mulligan gaily, and Haines gravely, gazed down on the viceregal equipage
over the shoulders of eager guests, whose mass of forms darkened the chessboard
whereon John Howard Parnell looked intently. In Fownes’s street Dilly Dedalus,
straining her sight upward from Chardenal’s first French primer, saw sunshades
spanned and wheelspokes spinning in the glare. John Henry Menton, filling the
doorway of Commercial Buildings, stared from winebig oyster eyes, holding a fat
gold hunter watch not looked at in his fat left hand not feeling it. Where the
foreleg of King Billy’s horse pawed the air Mrs Breen plucked her hastening
husband back from under the hoofs of the outriders. She shouted in his ear the
tidings. Understanding, he shifted his tomes to his left breast and saluted the
second carriage. The honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C., agreeably surprised, made
haste to reply. At Ponsonby’s corner a jaded white flagon H. halted and four
tallhatted white flagons halted behind him, E.L.Y.’S, while outriders pranced
past and carriages. Opposite Pigott’s music warerooms Mr Denis J Maginni,
professor of dancing &amp;c, gaily apparelled, gravely walked, outpassed by a
viceroy and unobserved. By the provost’s wall came jauntily Blazes Boylan,
stepping in tan shoes and socks with skyblue clocks to the refrain of <em>My
girl’s a Yorkshire girl.</em></p>
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<p>Blazes Boylan presented to the leaders’ skyblue frontlets and high action a
skyblue tie, a widebrimmed straw hat at a rakish angle and a suit of indigo
serge. His hands in his jacket pockets forgot to salute but he offered to the
three ladies the bold admiration of his eyes and the red flower between his
lips. As they drove along Nassau street His Excellency drew the attention of
his bowing consort to the programme of music which was being discoursed in
College park. Unseen brazen highland laddies blared and drumthumped after the
<em>cortège</em>:</p>
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<p>But though she’s a factory lass<br/>And wears no fancy clothes.<br/>Baraabum.<br/>Yet I’ve a sort of a<br/>Yorkshire relish for<br/>My little Yorkshire rose.<br/>Baraabum.</p>
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<p>Thither of the wall the quartermile flat handicappers, M. C. Green, H. Shrift,
T. M. Patey, C. Scaife, J. B. Jeffs, G. N. Morphy, F. Stevenson, C. Adderly and
W. C. Huggard, started in pursuit. Striding past Finn’s hotel Cashel Boyle
O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell stared through a fierce eyeglass across
the carriages at the head of Mr M. E. Solomons in the window of the
Austro-Hungarian viceconsulate. Deep in Leinster street by Trinity’s postern a
loyal king’s man, Hornblower, touched his tallyho cap. As the glossy horses
pranced by Merrion square Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam, waiting, saw salutes
being given to the gent with the topper and raised also his new black cap with
fingers greased by porksteak paper. His collar too sprang up. The viceroy, on
his way to inaugurate the Mirus bazaar in aid of funds for Mercer’s hospital,
drove with his following towards Lower Mount street. He passed a blind
stripling opposite Broadbent’s. In Lower Mount street a pedestrian in a brown
macintosh, eating dry bread, passed swiftly and unscathed across the viceroy’s
path. At the Royal Canal bridge, from his hoarding, Mr Eugene Stratton, his
blub lips agrin, bade all comers welcome to Pembroke township. At Haddington
road corner two sanded women halted themselves, an umbrella and a bag in which
eleven cockles rolled to view with wonder the lord mayor and lady mayoress
without his golden chain. On Northumberland and Lansdowne roads His Excellency
acknowledged punctually salutes from rare male walkers, the salute of two small
schoolboys at the garden gate of the house said to have been admired by the
late queen when visiting the Irish capital with her husband, the prince
consort, in 1849 and the salute of Almidano Artifoni’s sturdy trousers
swallowed by a closing door.</p>
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</div>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-11.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-11.htm.html_pgepubid00077" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-11.htm.html_chap11"></span>[ 11 ]</h3>
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<p>Bronze by gold heard the hoofirons, steelyringing.</p>
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<p>Imperthnthn thnthnthn.</p>
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<p>Chips, picking chips off rocky thumbnail, chips.</p>
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<p>Horrid! And gold flushed more.</p>
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<p>A husky fifenote blew.</p>
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<p>Blew. Blue bloom is on the.</p>
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<p>Goldpinnacled hair.</p>
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<p>A jumping rose on satiny breast of satin, rose of Castile.</p>
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<p>Trilling, trilling: Idolores.</p>
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<p>Peep! Who’s in the... peepofgold?</p>
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<p>Tink cried to bronze in pity.</p>
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<p>And a call, pure, long and throbbing. Longindying call.</p>
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<p>Decoy. Soft word. But look: the bright stars fade. Notes chirruping answer.</p>
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<p>O rose! Castile. The morn is breaking.</p>
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<p>Jingle jingle jaunted jingling.</p>
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<p>Coin rang. Clock clacked.</p>
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<p>Avowal. <em>Sonnez.</em> I could. Rebound of garter. Not leave thee. Smack. <em>La
cloche!</em> Thigh smack. Avowal. Warm. Sweetheart, goodbye!</p>
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<p>Jingle. Bloo.</p>
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<p>Boomed crashing chords. When love absorbs. War! War! The tympanum.</p>
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<p>A sail! A veil awave upon the waves.</p>
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<p>Lost. Throstle fluted. All is lost now.</p>
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<p>Horn. Hawhorn.</p>
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<p>When first he saw. Alas!</p>
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<p>Full tup. Full throb.</p>
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<p>Warbling. Ah, lure! Alluring.</p>
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<p>Martha! Come!</p>
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<p>Clapclap. Clipclap. Clappyclap.</p>
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<p>Goodgod henev erheard inall.</p>
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<p>Deaf bald Pat brought pad knife took up.</p>
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<p>A moonlit nightcall: far, far.</p>
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<p>I feel so sad. P. S. So lonely blooming.</p>
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<p>Listen!</p>
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<p>The spiked and winding cold seahorn. Have you the? Each, and for other, plash
and silent roar.</p>
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<p>Pearls: when she. Liszt’s rhapsodies. Hissss.</p>
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<p>You don’t?</p>
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<p>Did not: no, no: believe: Lidlyd. With a cock with a carra.</p>
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<p>Black. Deepsounding. Do, Ben, do.</p>
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<p>Wait while you wait. Hee hee. Wait while you hee.</p>
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<p>But wait!</p>
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<p>Low in dark middle earth. Embedded ore.</p>
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<p>Naminedamine. Preacher is he:</p>
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<p>All gone. All fallen.</p>
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<p>Tiny, her tremulous fernfoils of maidenhair.</p>
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<p>Amen! He gnashed in fury.</p>
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<p>Fro. To, fro. A baton cool protruding.</p>
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<p>Bronzelydia by Minagold.</p>
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<p>By bronze, by gold, in oceangreen of shadow. Bloom. Old Bloom.</p>
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<p>One rapped, one tapped, with a carra, with a cock.</p>
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<p>Pray for him! Pray, good people!</p>
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<p>His gouty fingers nakkering.</p>
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<p>Big Benaben. Big Benben.</p>
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<p>Last rose Castile of summer left bloom I feel so sad alone.</p>
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<p>Pwee! Little wind piped wee.</p>
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<p>True men. Lid Ker Cow De and Doll. Ay, ay. Like you men. Will lift your tschink
with tschunk.</p>
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<p>Fff! Oo!</p>
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<p>Where bronze from anear? Where gold from afar? Where hoofs?</p>
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<p>Rrrpr. Kraa. Kraandl.</p>
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<p>Then not till then. My eppripfftaph. Be pfrwritt.</p>
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<p>Done.</p>
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<p>Begin!</p>
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<p>Bronze by gold, miss Douce’s head by miss Kennedy’s head, over the crossblind
of the Ormond bar heard the viceregal hoofs go by, ringing steel.</p>
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<p>—Is that her? asked miss Kennedy.</p>
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<p>Miss Douce said yes, sitting with his ex, pearl grey and <em>eau de Nil.</em></p>
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<p>—Exquisite contrast, miss Kennedy said.</p>
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<p>When all agog miss Douce said eagerly:</p>
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<p>—Look at the fellow in the tall silk.</p>
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<p>—Who? Where? gold asked more eagerly.</p>
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<p>—In the second carriage, miss Douce’s wet lips said, laughing in the sun.</p>
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<p>He’s looking. Mind till I see.</p>
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<p>She darted, bronze, to the backmost corner, flattening her face against the
pane in a halo of hurried breath.</p>
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<p>Her wet lips tittered:</p>
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<p>—He’s killed looking back.</p>
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<p>She laughed:</p>
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<p>—O wept! Aren’t men frightful idiots?</p>
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<p>With sadness.</p>
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<p>Miss Kennedy sauntered sadly from bright light, twining a loose hair behind an
ear. Sauntering sadly, gold no more, she twisted twined a hair. Sadly she
twined in sauntering gold hair behind a curving ear.</p>
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<p>—It’s them has the fine times, sadly then she said.</p>
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<p>A man.</p>
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<p>Bloowho went by by Moulang’s pipes bearing in his breast the sweets of sin, by
Wine’s antiques, in memory bearing sweet sinful words, by Carroll’s dusky
battered plate, for Raoul.</p>
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<p>The boots to them, them in the bar, them barmaids came. For them unheeding him
he banged on the counter his tray of chattering china. And</p>
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<p>—There’s your teas, he said.</p>
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<p>Miss Kennedy with manners transposed the teatray down to an upturned lithia
crate, safe from eyes, low.</p>
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<p>—What is it? loud boots unmannerly asked.</p>
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<p>—Find out, miss Douce retorted, leaving her spyingpoint.</p>
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<p>—Your <em>beau,</em> is it?</p>
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<p>A haughty bronze replied:</p>
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<p>—I’ll complain to Mrs de Massey on you if I hear any more of your
impertinent insolence.</p>
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<p>—Imperthnthn thnthnthn, bootssnout sniffed rudely, as he retreated as she
threatened as he had come.</p>
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<p>Bloom.</p>
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<p>On her flower frowning miss Douce said:</p>
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<p>—Most aggravating that young brat is. If he doesn’t conduct himself I’ll
wring his ear for him a yard long.</p>
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<p>Ladylike in exquisite contrast.</p>
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<p>—Take no notice, miss Kennedy rejoined.</p>
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<p>She poured in a teacup tea, then back in the teapot tea. They cowered under
their reef of counter, waiting on footstools, crates upturned, waiting for
their teas to draw. They pawed their blouses, both of black satin, two and nine
a yard, waiting for their teas to draw, and two and seven.</p>
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<p>Yes, bronze from anear, by gold from afar, heard steel from anear, hoofs ring
from afar, and heard steelhoofs ringhoof ringsteel.</p>
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<p>—Am I awfully sunburnt?</p>
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<p>Miss bronze unbloused her neck.</p>
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<p>—No, said miss Kennedy. It gets brown after. Did you try the borax with
the cherry laurel water?</p>
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<p>Miss Douce halfstood to see her skin askance in the barmirror gildedlettered
where hock and claret glasses shimmered and in their midst a shell.</p>
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<p>—And leave it to my hands, she said.</p>
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<p>—Try it with the glycerine, miss Kennedy advised.</p>
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<p>Bidding her neck and hands adieu miss Douce</p>
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<p>—Those things only bring out a rash, replied, reseated. I asked that old
fogey in Boyd’s for something for my skin.</p>
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<p>Miss Kennedy, pouring now a fulldrawn tea, grimaced and prayed:</p>
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<p>—O, don’t remind me of him for mercy’ sake!</p>
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<p>—But wait till I tell you, miss Douce entreated.</p>
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<p>Sweet tea miss Kennedy having poured with milk plugged both two ears with
little fingers.</p>
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<p>—No, don’t, she cried.</p>
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<p>—I won’t listen, she cried.</p>
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<p>But Bloom?</p>
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<p>Miss Douce grunted in snuffy fogey’s tone:</p>
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<p>—For your what? says he.</p>
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<p>Miss Kennedy unplugged her ears to hear, to speak: but said, but prayed again:</p>
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<p>—Don’t let me think of him or I’ll expire. The hideous old wretch! That
night in the Antient Concert Rooms.</p>
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<p>She sipped distastefully her brew, hot tea, a sip, sipped, sweet tea.</p>
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<p>—Here he was, miss Douce said, cocking her bronze head three quarters,
ruffling her nosewings. Hufa! Hufa!</p>
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<p>Shrill shriek of laughter sprang from miss Kennedy’s throat. Miss Douce huffed
and snorted down her nostrils that quivered imperthnthn like a snout in quest.</p>
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<p>—O! shrieking, miss Kennedy cried. Will you ever forget his goggle eye?</p>
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<p>Miss Douce chimed in in deep bronze laughter, shouting:</p>
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<p>—And your other eye!</p>
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<p>Bloowhose dark eye read Aaron Figatner’s name. Why do I always think Figather?
Gathering figs, I think. And Prosper Loré’s huguenot name. By Bassi’s blessed
virgins Bloom’s dark eyes went by. Bluerobed, white under, come to me. God they
believe she is: or goddess. Those today. I could not see. That fellow spoke. A
student. After with Dedalus’ son. He might be Mulligan. All comely virgins.
That brings those rakes of fellows in: her white.</p>
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<p>By went his eyes. The sweets of sin. Sweet are the sweets.</p>
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<p>Of sin.</p>
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<p>In a giggling peal young goldbronze voices blended, Douce with Kennedy your
other eye. They threw young heads back, bronze gigglegold, to let freefly their
laughter, screaming, your other, signals to each other, high piercing notes.</p>
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<p>Ah, panting, sighing, sighing, ah, fordone, their mirth died down.</p>
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<p>Miss Kennedy lipped her cup again, raised, drank a sip and gigglegiggled. Miss
Douce, bending over the teatray, ruffled again her nose and rolled droll
fattened eyes. Again Kennygiggles, stooping, her fair pinnacles of hair,
stooping, her tortoise napecomb showed, spluttered out of her mouth her tea,
choking in tea and laughter, coughing with choking, crying:</p>
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<p>—O greasy eyes! Imagine being married to a man like that! she cried. With
his bit of beard!</p>
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<p>Douce gave full vent to a splendid yell, a full yell of full woman, delight,
joy, indignation.</p>
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<p>—Married to the greasy nose! she yelled.</p>
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<p>Shrill, with deep laughter, after, gold after bronze, they urged each each to
peal after peal, ringing in changes, bronzegold, goldbronze, shrilldeep, to
laughter after laughter. And then laughed more. Greasy I knows. Exhausted,
breathless, their shaken heads they laid, braided and pinnacled by
glossycombed, against the counterledge. All flushed (O!), panting, sweating
(O!), all breathless.</p>
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<p>Married to Bloom, to greaseabloom.</p>
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<p>—O saints above! miss Douce said, sighed above her jumping rose. I wished
I hadn’t laughed so much. I feel all wet.</p>
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<p>—O, miss Douce! miss Kennedy protested. You horrid thing!</p>
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<p>And flushed yet more (you horrid!), more goldenly.</p>
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<p>By Cantwell’s offices roved Greaseabloom, by Ceppi’s virgins, bright of their
oils. Nannetti’s father hawked those things about, wheedling at doors as I.
Religion pays. Must see him for that par. Eat first. I want. Not yet. At four,
she said. Time ever passing. Clockhands turning. On. Where eat? The Clarence,
Dolphin. On. For Raoul. Eat. If I net five guineas with those ads. The violet
silk petticoats. Not yet. The sweets of sin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Flushed less, still less, goldenly paled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Into their bar strolled Mr Dedalus. Chips, picking chips off one of his rocky
thumbnails. Chips. He strolled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, welcome back, miss Douce.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He held her hand. Enjoyed her holidays?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tiptop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He hoped she had nice weather in Rostrevor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Gorgeous, she said. Look at the holy show I am. Lying out on the strand
all day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bronze whiteness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That was exceedingly naughty of you, Mr Dedalus told her and pressed her
hand indulgently. Tempting poor simple males.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Douce of satin douced her arm away.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O go away! she said. You’re very simple, I don’t think.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He was.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well now I am, he mused. I looked so simple in the cradle they
christened me simple Simon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You must have been a doaty, miss Douce made answer. And what did the
doctor order today?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well now, he mused, whatever you say yourself. I think I’ll trouble you
for some fresh water and a half glass of whisky.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jingle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—With the greatest alacrity, miss Douce agreed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With grace of alacrity towards the mirror gilt Cantrell and Cochrane’s she
turned herself. With grace she tapped a measure of gold whisky from her crystal
keg. Forth from the skirt of his coat Mr Dedalus brought pouch and pipe.
Alacrity she served. He blew through the flue two husky fifenotes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—By Jove, he mused, I often wanted to see the Mourne mountains. Must be a
great tonic in the air down there. But a long threatening comes at last, they
say. Yes. Yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes. He fingered shreds of hair, her maidenhair, her mermaid’s, into the bowl.
Chips. Shreds. Musing. Mute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>None nought said nothing. Yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gaily miss Douce polished a tumbler, trilling:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>O, Idolores, queen of the eastern seas!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Was Mr Lidwell in today?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In came Lenehan. Round him peered Lenehan. Mr Bloom reached Essex bridge. Yes,
Mr Bloom crossed bridge of Yessex. To Martha I must write. Buy paper. Daly’s.
Girl there civil. Bloom. Old Bloom. Blue bloom is on the rye.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He was in at lunchtime, miss Douce said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan came forward.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Was Mr Boylan looking for me?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He asked. She answered:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Miss Kennedy, was Mr Boylan in while I was upstairs?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She asked. Miss voice of Kennedy answered, a second teacup poised, her gaze
upon a page:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No. He was not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss gaze of Kennedy, heard, not seen, read on. Lenehan round the sandwichbell
wound his round body round.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Peep! Who’s in the corner?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No glance of Kennedy rewarding him he yet made overtures. To mind her stops. To
read only the black ones: round o and crooked ess.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jingle jaunty jingle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Girlgold she read and did not glance. Take no notice. She took no notice while
he read by rote a solfa fable for her, plappering flatly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah fox met ah stork. Said thee fox too thee stork: Will you put your
bill down inn my troath and pull upp ah bone?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He droned in vain. Miss Douce turned to her tea aside.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He sighed aside:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah me! O my!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He greeted Mr Dedalus and got a nod.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Greetings from the famous son of a famous father.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who may he be? Mr Dedalus asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan opened most genial arms. Who?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who may he be? he asked. Can you ask? Stephen, the youthful bard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus, famous father, laid by his dry filled pipe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I see, he said. I didn’t recognise him for the moment. I hear he is
keeping very select company. Have you seen him lately?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He had.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I quaffed the nectarbowl with him this very day, said Lenehan. In
Mooney’s <em>en ville</em> and in Mooney’s <em>sur mer.</em> He had received the
rhino for the labour of his muse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He smiled at bronze’s teabathed lips, at listening lips and eyes:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The <em>élite</em> of Erin hung upon his lips. The ponderous pundit, Hugh
MacHugh, Dublin’s most brilliant scribe and editor and that minstrel boy of the
wild wet west who is known by the euphonious appellation of the O’Madden Burke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After an interval Mr Dedalus raised his grog and</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That must have been highly diverting, said he. I see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He see. He drank. With faraway mourning mountain eye. Set down his glass.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked towards the saloon door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I see you have moved the piano.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The tuner was in today, miss Douce replied, tuning it for the smoking
concert and I never heard such an exquisite player.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is that a fact?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Didn’t he, miss Kennedy? The real classical, you know. And blind too,
poor fellow. Not twenty I’m sure he was.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is that a fact? Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He drank and strayed away.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—So sad to look at his face, miss Douce condoled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>God’s curse on bitch’s bastard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tink to her pity cried a diner’s bell. To the door of the bar and diningroom
came bald Pat, came bothered Pat, came Pat, waiter of Ormond. Lager for diner.
Lager without alacrity she served.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With patience Lenehan waited for Boylan with impatience, for jinglejaunty
blazes boy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Upholding the lid he (who?) gazed in the coffin (coffin?) at the oblique triple
(piano!) wires. He pressed (the same who pressed indulgently her hand), soft
pedalling, a triple of keys to see the thicknesses of felt advancing, to hear
the muffled hammerfall in action.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Two sheets cream vellum paper one reserve two envelopes when I was in Wisdom
Hely’s wise Bloom in Daly’s Henry Flower bought. Are you not happy in your
home? Flower to console me and a pin cuts lo. Means something, language of
flow. Was it a daisy? Innocence that is. Respectable girl meet after mass.
Thanks awfully muchly. Wise Bloom eyed on the door a poster, a swaying mermaid
smoking mid nice waves. Smoke mermaids, coolest whiff of all. Hair streaming:
lovelorn. For some man. For Raoul. He eyed and saw afar on Essex bridge a gay
hat riding on a jaunting car. It is. Again. Third time. Coincidence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jingling on supple rubbers it jaunted from the bridge to Ormond quay. Follow.
Risk it. Go quick. At four. Near now. Out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Twopence, sir, the shopgirl dared to say.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Aha... I was forgetting... Excuse...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And four.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At four she. Winsomely she on Bloohimwhom smiled. Bloo smi qui go. Ternoon.
Think you’re the only pebble on the beach? Does that to all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For men.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In drowsy silence gold bent on her page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From the saloon a call came, long in dying. That was a tuningfork the tuner had
that he forgot that he now struck. A call again. That he now poised that it now
throbbed. You hear? It throbbed, pure, purer, softly and softlier, its buzzing
prongs. Longer in dying call.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pat paid for diner’s popcorked bottle: and over tumbler, tray and popcorked
bottle ere he went he whispered, bald and bothered, with miss Douce.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>The bright stars fade</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A voiceless song sang from within, singing:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—... <em>the morn is breaking.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A duodene of birdnotes chirruped bright treble answer under sensitive hands.
Brightly the keys, all twinkling, linked, all harpsichording, called to a voice
to sing the strain of dewy morn, of youth, of love’s leavetaking, life’s,
love’s morn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>The dewdrops pearl</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan’s lips over the counter lisped a low whistle of decoy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But look this way, he said, rose of Castile.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jingle jaunted by the curb and stopped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She rose and closed her reading, rose of Castile: fretted, forlorn, dreamily
rose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did she fall or was she pushed? he asked her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She answered, slighting:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ask no questions and you’ll hear no lies.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Like lady, ladylike.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blazes Boylan’s smart tan shoes creaked on the barfloor where he strode. Yes,
gold from anear by bronze from afar. Lenehan heard and knew and hailed him:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—See the conquering hero comes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Between the car and window, warily walking, went Bloom, unconquered hero. See
me he might. The seat he sat on: warm. Black wary hecat walked towards Richie
Goulding’s legal bag, lifted aloft, saluting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>And I from thee</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I heard you were round, said Blazes Boylan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He touched to fair miss Kennedy a rim of his slanted straw. She smiled on him.
But sister bronze outsmiled her, preening for him her richer hair, a bosom and
a rose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Smart Boylan bespoke potions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s your cry? Glass of bitter? Glass of bitter, please, and a sloegin
for me. Wire in yet?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Not yet. At four she. Who said four?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cowley’s red lugs and bulging apple in the door of the sheriff’s office.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Avoid. Goulding a chance. What is he doing in the Ormond? Car waiting. Wait.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hello. Where off to? Something to eat? I too was just. In here. What, Ormond?
Best value in Dublin. Is that so? Diningroom. Sit tight there. See, not be
seen. I think I’ll join you. Come on. Richie led on. Bloom followed bag. Dinner
fit for a prince.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Douce reached high to take a flagon, stretching her satin arm, her bust,
that all but burst, so high.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O! O! jerked Lenehan, gasping at each stretch. O!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But easily she seized her prey and led it low in triumph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why don’t you grow? asked Blazes Boylan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Shebronze, dealing from her oblique jar thick syrupy liquor for his lips,
looked as it flowed (flower in his coat: who gave him?), and syrupped with her
voice:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Fine goods in small parcels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That is to say she. Neatly she poured slowsyrupy sloe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Here’s fortune, Blazes said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He pitched a broad coin down. Coin rang.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hold on, said Lenehan, till I...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Fortune, he wished, lifting his bubbled ale.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sceptre will win in a canter, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I plunged a bit, said Boylan winking and drinking. Not on my own, you
know. Fancy of a friend of mine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan still drank and grinned at his tilted ale and at miss Douce’s lips that
all but hummed, not shut, the oceansong her lips had trilled. Idolores. The
eastern seas.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Clock whirred. Miss Kennedy passed their way (flower, wonder who gave), bearing
away teatray. Clock clacked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Douce took Boylan’s coin, struck boldly the cashregister. It clanged.
Clock clacked. Fair one of Egypt teased and sorted in the till and hummed and
handed coins in change. Look to the west. A clack. For me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What time is that? asked Blazes Boylan. Four?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O’clock.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan, small eyes ahunger on her humming, bust ahumming, tugged Blazes
Boylan’s elbowsleeve.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Let’s hear the time, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The bag of Goulding, Collis, Ward led Bloom by ryebloom flowered tables.
Aimless he chose with agitated aim, bald Pat attending, a table near the door.
Be near. At four. Has he forgotten? Perhaps a trick. Not come: whet appetite. I
couldn’t do. Wait, wait. Pat, waiter, waited.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sparkling bronze azure eyed Blazure’s skyblue bow and eyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Go on, pressed Lenehan. There’s no-one. He never heard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—... <em>to Flora’s lips did hie.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>High, a high note pealed in the treble clear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bronzedouce communing with her rose that sank and rose sought Blazes Boylan’s
flower and eyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Please, please.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He pleaded over returning phrases of avowal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>I could not leave thee</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Afterwits, miss Douce promised coyly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, now, urged Lenehan. <em>Sonnez la cloche!</em> O do! There’s no-one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She looked. Quick. Miss Kenn out of earshot. Sudden bent. Two kindling faces
watched her bend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Quavering the chords strayed from the air, found it again, lost chord, and lost
and found it, faltering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Go on! Do! <em>Sonnez!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bending, she nipped a peak of skirt above her knee. Delayed. Taunted them
still, bending, suspending, with wilful eyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Sonnez!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Smack. She set free sudden in rebound her nipped elastic garter smackwarm
against her smackable a woman’s warmhosed thigh.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>La cloche!</em> cried gleeful Lenehan. Trained by owner. No sawdust
there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She smilesmirked supercilious (wept! aren’t men?), but, lightward gliding, mild
she smiled on Boylan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You’re the essence of vulgarity, she in gliding said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Boylan, eyed, eyed. Tossed to fat lips his chalice, drank off his chalice tiny,
sucking the last fat violet syrupy drops. His spellbound eyes went after, after
her gliding head as it went down the bar by mirrors, gilded arch for ginger
ale, hock and claret glasses shimmering, a spiky shell, where it concerted,
mirrored, bronze with sunnier bronze.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes, bronze from anearby.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—... <em>Sweetheart, goodbye!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m off, said Boylan with impatience.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He slid his chalice brisk away, grasped his change.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wait a shake, begged Lenehan, drinking quickly. I wanted to tell you.
Tom Rochford...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come on to blazes, said Blazes Boylan, going.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lenehan gulped to go.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Got the horn or what? he said. Wait. I’m coming.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He followed the hasty creaking shoes but stood by nimbly by the threshold,
saluting forms, a bulky with a slender.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How do you do, Mr Dollard?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Eh? How do? How do? Ben Dollard’s vague bass answered, turning an
instant from Father Cowley’s woe. He won’t give you any trouble, Bob. Alf
Bergan will speak to the long fellow. We’ll put a barleystraw in that Judas
Iscariot’s ear this time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sighing Mr Dedalus came through the saloon, a finger soothing an eyelid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hoho, we will, Ben Dollard yodled jollily. Come on, Simon. Give us a
ditty. We heard the piano.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bald Pat, bothered waiter, waited for drink orders. Power for Richie. And
Bloom? Let me see. Not make him walk twice. His corns. Four now. How warm this
black is. Course nerves a bit. Refracts (is it?) heat. Let me see. Cider. Yes,
bottle of cider.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s that? Mr Dedalus said. I was only vamping, man.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come on, come on, Ben Dollard called. Begone dull care. Come, Bob.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He ambled Dollard, bulky slops, before them (hold that fellow with the: hold
him now) into the saloon. He plumped him Dollard on the stool. His gouty paws
plumped chords. Plumped, stopped abrupt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bald Pat in the doorway met tealess gold returning. Bothered, he wanted Power
and cider. Bronze by the window, watched, bronze from afar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jingle a tinkle jaunted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom heard a jing, a little sound. He’s off. Light sob of breath Bloom sighed
on the silent bluehued flowers. Jingling. He’s gone. Jingle. Hear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Love and War, Ben, Mr Dedalus said. God be with old times.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Douce’s brave eyes, unregarded, turned from the crossblind, smitten by
sunlight. Gone. Pensive (who knows?), smitten (the smiting light), she lowered
the dropblind with a sliding cord. She drew down pensive (why did he go so
quick when I?) about her bronze, over the bar where bald stood by sister gold,
inexquisite contrast, contrast inexquisite nonexquisite, slow cool dim seagreen
sliding depth of shadow, <em>eau de Nil.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Poor old Goodwin was the pianist that night, Father Cowley reminded
them. There was a slight difference of opinion between himself and the Collard
grand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There was.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A symposium all his own, Mr Dedalus said. The devil wouldn’t stop him.
He was a crotchety old fellow in the primary stage of drink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—God, do you remember? Ben bulky Dollard said, turning from the punished
keyboard. And by Japers I had no wedding garment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They laughed all three. He had no wed. All trio laughed. No wedding garment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Our friend Bloom turned in handy that night, Mr Dedalus said. Where’s my
pipe, by the way?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He wandered back to the bar to the lost chord pipe. Bald Pat carried two
diners’ drinks, Richie and Poldy. And Father Cowley laughed again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I saved the situation, Ben, I think.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You did, averred Ben Dollard. I remember those tight trousers too. That
was a brilliant idea, Bob.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Father Cowley blushed to his brilliant purply lobes. He saved the situa. Tight
trou. Brilliant ide.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I knew he was on the rocks, he said. The wife was playing the piano in
the coffee palace on Saturdays for a very trifling consideration and who was it
gave me the wheeze she was doing the other business? Do you remember? We had to
search all Holles street to find them till the chap in Keogh’s gave us the
number. Remember?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ben remembered, his broad visage wondering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—By God, she had some luxurious operacloaks and things there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus wandered back, pipe in hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Merrion square style. Balldresses, by God, and court dresses. He
wouldn’t take any money either. What? Any God’s quantity of cocked hats and
boleros and trunkhose. What?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, ay, Mr Dedalus nodded. Mrs Marion Bloom has left off clothes of all
descriptions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jingle jaunted down the quays. Blazes sprawled on bounding tyres.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Liver and bacon. Steak and kidney pie. Right, sir. Right, Pat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mrs Marion. Met him pike hoses. Smell of burn. Of Paul de Kock. Nice name he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s this her name was? A buxom lassy. Marion...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tweedy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes. Is she alive?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And kicking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—She was a daughter of...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Daughter of the regiment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, begad. I remember the old drummajor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus struck, whizzed, lit, puffed savoury puff after</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Irish? I don’t know, faith. Is she, Simon?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Puff after stiff, a puff, strong, savoury, crackling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Buccinator muscle is... What?... Bit rusty... O, she is... My Irish
Molly, O.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He puffed a pungent plumy blast.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—From the rock of Gibraltar... all the way.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They pined in depth of ocean shadow, gold by the beerpull, bronze by
maraschino, thoughtful all two. Mina Kennedy, 4 Lismore terrace, Drumcondra
with Idolores, a queen, Dolores, silent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pat served, uncovered dishes. Leopold cut liverslices. As said before he ate
with relish the inner organs, nutty gizzards, fried cods’ roes while Richie
Goulding, Collis, Ward ate steak and kidney, steak then kidney, bite by bite of
pie he ate Bloom ate they ate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom with Goulding, married in silence, ate. Dinners fit for princes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By Bachelor’s walk jogjaunty jingled Blazes Boylan, bachelor, in sun in heat,
mare’s glossy rump atrot, with flick of whip, on bounding tyres: sprawled,
warmseated, Boylan impatience, ardentbold. Horn. Have you the? Horn. Have you
the? Haw haw horn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Over their voices Dollard bassooned attack, booming over bombarding chords:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>When love absorbs my ardent soul</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Roll of Bensoulbenjamin rolled to the quivery loveshivery roofpanes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—War! War! cried Father Cowley. You’re the warrior.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—So I am, Ben Warrior laughed. I was thinking of your landlord. Love or
money.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He stopped. He wagged huge beard, huge face over his blunder huge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sure, you’d burst the tympanum of her ear, man, Mr Dedalus said through
smoke aroma, with an organ like yours.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In bearded abundant laughter Dollard shook upon the keyboard. He would.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Not to mention another membrane, Father Cowley added. Half time, Ben.
<em>Amoroso ma non troppo.</em> Let me there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Kennedy served two gentlemen with tankards of cool stout. She passed a
remark. It was indeed, first gentleman said, beautiful weather. They drank cool
stout. Did she know where the lord lieutenant was going? And heard steelhoofs
ringhoof ring. No, she couldn’t say. But it would be in the paper. O, she need
not trouble. No trouble. She waved about her outspread <em>Independent,</em>
searching, the lord lieutenant, her pinnacles of hair slowmoving, lord lieuten.
Too much trouble, first gentleman said. O, not in the least. Way he looked
that. Lord lieutenant. Gold by bronze heard iron steel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—............ <em>my ardent soul<br/>I care not foror the morrow.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In liver gravy Bloom mashed mashed potatoes. Love and War someone is. Ben
Dollard’s famous. Night he ran round to us to borrow a dress suit for that
concert. Trousers tight as a drum on him. Musical porkers. Molly did laugh when
he went out. Threw herself back across the bed, screaming, kicking. With all
his belongings on show. O saints above, I’m drenched! O, the women in the front
row! O, I never laughed so many! Well, of course that’s what gives him the base
barreltone. For instance eunuchs. Wonder who’s playing. Nice touch. Must be
Cowley. Musical. Knows whatever note you play. Bad breath he has, poor chap.
Stopped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Douce, engaging, Lydia Douce, bowed to suave solicitor, George Lidwell,
gentleman, entering. Good afternoon. She gave her moist (a lady’s) hand to his
firm clasp. Afternoon. Yes, she was back. To the old dingdong again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Your friends are inside, Mr Lidwell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>George Lidwell, suave, solicited, held a lydiahand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom ate liv as said before. Clean here at least. That chap in the Burton,
gummy with gristle. No-one here: Goulding and I. Clean tables, flowers, mitres
of napkins. Pat to and fro. Bald Pat. Nothing to do. Best value in Dub.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Piano again. Cowley it is. Way he sits in to it, like one together, mutual
understanding. Tiresome shapers scraping fiddles, eye on the bowend, sawing the
cello, remind you of toothache. Her high long snore. Night we were in the box.
Trombone under blowing like a grampus, between the acts, other brass chap
unscrewing, emptying spittle. Conductor’s legs too, bagstrousers, jiggedy
jiggedy. Do right to hide them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jiggedy jingle jaunty jaunty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Only the harp. Lovely. Gold glowering light. Girl touched it. Poop of a lovely.
Gravy’s rather good fit for a. Golden ship. Erin. The harp that once or twice.
Cool hands. Ben Howth, the rhododendrons. We are their harps. I. He. Old.
Young.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah, I couldn’t, man, Mr Dedalus said, shy, listless.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Strongly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Go on, blast you! Ben Dollard growled. Get it out in bits.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>M’appari,</em> Simon, Father Cowley said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Down stage he strode some paces, grave, tall in affliction, his long arms
outheld. Hoarsely the apple of his throat hoarsed softly. Softly he sang to a
dusty seascape there: <em>A Last Farewell.</em> A headland, a ship, a sail upon
the billows. Farewell. A lovely girl, her veil awave upon the wind upon the
headland, wind around her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cowley sang:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—M’appari tutt’amor:<br/>Il mio sguardo l’incontr...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She waved, unhearing Cowley, her veil, to one departing, dear one, to wind,
love, speeding sail, return.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Go on, Simon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah, sure, my dancing days are done, Ben... Well...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Dedalus laid his pipe to rest beside the tuningfork and, sitting, touched
the obedient keys.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Simon, Father Cowley turned. Play it in the original. One flat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The keys, obedient, rose higher, told, faltered, confessed, confused.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Up stage strode Father Cowley.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Here, Simon, I’ll accompany you, he said. Get up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By Graham Lemon’s pineapple rock, by Elvery’s elephant jingly jogged.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Steak, kidney, liver, mashed, at meat fit for princes sat princes Bloom and
Goulding. Princes at meat they raised and drank, Power and cider.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Most beautiful tenor air ever written, Richie said: <em>Sonnambula.</em> He heard
Joe Maas sing that one night. Ah, what M’Guckin! Yes. In his way. Choirboy
style. Maas was the boy. Massboy. A lyrical tenor if you like. Never forget it.
Never.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tenderly Bloom over liverless bacon saw the tightened features strain. Backache
he. Bright’s bright eye. Next item on the programme. Paying the piper. Pills,
pounded bread, worth a guinea a box. Stave it off awhile. Sings too: <em>Down
among the dead men.</em> Appropriate. Kidney pie. Sweets to the. Not making much
hand of it. Best value in. Characteristic of him. Power. Particular about his
drink. Flaw in the glass, fresh Vartry water. Fecking matches from counters to
save. Then squander a sovereign in dribs and drabs. And when he’s wanted not a
farthing. Screwed refusing to pay his fare. Curious types.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Never would Richie forget that night. As long as he lived: never. In the gods
of the old Royal with little Peake. And when the first note.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Speech paused on Richie’s lips.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Coming out with a whopper now. Rhapsodies about damn all. Believes his own
lies. Does really. Wonderful liar. But want a good memory.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Which air is that? asked Leopold Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>All is lost now</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Richie cocked his lips apout. A low incipient note sweet banshee murmured: all.
A thrush. A throstle. His breath, birdsweet, good teeth he’s proud of, fluted
with plaintive woe. Is lost. Rich sound. Two notes in one there. Blackbird I
heard in the hawthorn valley. Taking my motives he twined and turned them. All
most too new call is lost in all. Echo. How sweet the answer. How is that done?
All lost now. Mournful he whistled. Fall, surrender, lost.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom bent leopold ear, turning a fringe of doyley down under the vase. Order.
Yes, I remember. Lovely air. In sleep she went to him. Innocence in the moon.
Brave. Don’t know their danger. Still hold her back. Call name. Touch water.
Jingle jaunty. Too late. She longed to go. That’s why. Woman. As easy stop the
sea. Yes: all is lost.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A beautiful air, said Bloom lost Leopold. I know it well.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Never in all his life had Richie Goulding.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He knows it well too. Or he feels. Still harping on his daughter. Wise child
that knows her father, Dedalus said. Me?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom askance over liverless saw. Face of the all is lost. Rollicking Richie
once. Jokes old stale now. Wagging his ear. Napkinring in his eye. Now begging
letters he sends his son with. Crosseyed Walter sir I did sir. Wouldn’t trouble
only I was expecting some money. Apologise.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Piano again. Sounds better than last time I heard. Tuned probably. Stopped
again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dollard and Cowley still urged the lingering singer out with it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—With it, Simon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It, Simon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ladies and gentlemen, I am most deeply obliged by your kind
solicitations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It, Simon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I have no money but if you will lend me your attention I shall endeavour
to sing to you of a heart bowed down.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By the sandwichbell in screening shadow Lydia, her bronze and rose, a lady’s
grace, gave and withheld: as in cool glaucous <em>eau de Nil</em> Mina to
tankards two her pinnacles of gold.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The harping chords of prelude closed. A chord, longdrawn, expectant, drew a
voice away.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>When first I saw that form endearing</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Richie turned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Si Dedalus’ voice, he said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Braintipped, cheek touched with flame, they listened feeling that flow
endearing flow over skin limbs human heart soul spine. Bloom signed to Pat,
bald Pat is a waiter hard of hearing, to set ajar the door of the bar. The door
of the bar. So. That will do. Pat, waiter, waited, waiting to hear, for he was
hard of hear by the door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Sorrow from me seemed to depart.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Through the hush of air a voice sang to them, low, not rain, not leaves in
murmur, like no voice of strings or reeds or whatdoyoucallthem dulcimers
touching their still ears with words, still hearts of their each his remembered
lives. Good, good to hear: sorrow from them each seemed to from both depart
when first they heard. When first they saw, lost Richie Poldy, mercy of beauty,
heard from a person wouldn’t expect it in the least, her first merciful
lovesoft oftloved word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Love that is singing: love’s old sweet song. Bloom unwound slowly the elastic
band of his packet. Love’s old sweet <em>sonnez la</em> gold. Bloom wound a skein
round four forkfingers, stretched it, relaxed, and wound it round his troubled
double, fourfold, in octave, gyved them fast.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Full of hope and all delighted</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tenors get women by the score. Increase their flow. Throw flower at his feet.
When will we meet? My head it simply. Jingle all delighted. He can’t sing for
tall hats. Your head it simply swurls. Perfumed for him. What perfume does your
wife? I want to know. Jing. Stop. Knock. Last look at mirror always before she
answers the door. The hall. There? How do you? I do well. There? What? Or?
Phial of cachous, kissing comfits, in her satchel. Yes? Hands felt for the
opulent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alas the voice rose, sighing, changed: loud, full, shining, proud.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>But alas, ’twas idle dreaming</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Glorious tone he has still. Cork air softer also their brogue. Silly man! Could
have made oceans of money. Singing wrong words. Wore out his wife: now sings.
But hard to tell. Only the two themselves. If he doesn’t break down. Keep a
trot for the avenue. His hands and feet sing too. Drink. Nerves overstrung.
Must be abstemious to sing. Jenny Lind soup: stock, sage, raw eggs, half pint
of cream. For creamy dreamy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tenderness it welled: slow, swelling, full it throbbed. That’s the chat. Ha,
give! Take! Throb, a throb, a pulsing proud erect.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Words? Music? No: it’s what’s behind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom looped, unlooped, noded, disnoded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom. Flood of warm jamjam lickitup secretness flowed to flow in music out, in
desire, dark to lick flow invading. Tipping her tepping her tapping her topping
her. Tup. Pores to dilate dilating. Tup. The joy the feel the warm the. Tup. To
pour o’er sluices pouring gushes. Flood, gush, flow, joygush, tupthrob. Now!
Language of love.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—... <em>ray of hope is</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Beaming. Lydia for Lidwell squeak scarcely hear so ladylike the muse unsqueaked
a ray of hopk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Martha</em> it is. Coincidence. Just going to write. Lionel’s song. Lovely
name you have. Can’t write. Accept my little pres. Play on her heartstrings
pursestrings too. She’s a. I called you naughty boy. Still the name: Martha.
How strange! Today.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The voice of Lionel returned, weaker but unwearied. It sang again to Richie
Poldy Lydia Lidwell also sang to Pat open mouth ear waiting to wait. How first
he saw that form endearing, how sorrow seemed to part, how look, form, word
charmed him Gould Lidwell, won Pat Bloom’s heart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wish I could see his face, though. Explain better. Why the barber in Drago’s
always looked my face when I spoke his face in the glass. Still hear it better
here than in the bar though farther.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Each graceful look</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>First night when first I saw her at Mat Dillon’s in Terenure. Yellow, black
lace she wore. Musical chairs. We two the last. Fate. After her. Fate. Round
and round slow. Quick round. We two. All looked. Halt. Down she sat. All ousted
looked. Lips laughing. Yellow knees.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Charmed my eye</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Singing. <em>Waiting</em> she sang. I turned her music. Full voice of perfume of
what perfume does your lilactrees. Bosom I saw, both full, throat warbling.
First I saw. She thanked me. Why did she me? Fate. Spanishy eyes. Under a
peartree alone patio this hour in old Madrid one side in shadow Dolores
shedolores. At me. Luring. Ah, alluring.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Martha! Ah, Martha!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Quitting all languor Lionel cried in grief, in cry of passion dominant to love
to return with deepening yet with rising chords of harmony. In cry of lionel
loneliness that she should know, must martha feel. For only her he waited.
Where? Here there try there here all try where. Somewhere.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Co-ome, thou lost one!<br/>Co-ome, thou dear one!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alone. One love. One hope. One comfort me. Martha, chestnote, return!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Come!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It soared, a bird, it held its flight, a swift pure cry, soar silver orb it
leaped serene, speeding, sustained, to come, don’t spin it out too long long
breath he breath long life, soaring high, high resplendent, aflame, crowned,
high in the effulgence symbolistic, high, of the etherial bosom, high, of the
high vast irradiation everywhere all soaring all around about the all, the
endlessnessnessness...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>To me!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Siopold!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Consumed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Come. Well sung. All clapped. She ought to. Come. To me, to him, to her, you
too, me, us.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bravo! Clapclap. Good man, Simon. Clappyclapclap. Encore! Clapclipclap
clap. Sound as a bell. Bravo, Simon! Clapclopclap. Encore, enclap, said, cried,
clapped all, Ben Dollard, Lydia Douce, George Lidwell, Pat, Mina Kennedy, two
gentlemen with two tankards, Cowley, first gent with tank and bronze Miss Douce
and gold Miss Mina.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blazes Boylan’s smart tan shoes creaked on the barfloor, said before. Jingle by
monuments of sir John Gray, Horatio onehandled Nelson, reverend father Theobald
Mathew, jaunted, as said before just now. Atrot, in heat, heatseated.
<em>Cloche. Sonnez la. Cloche. Sonnez la.</em> Slower the mare went up the hill
by the Rotunda, Rutland square. Too slow for Boylan, blazes Boylan, impatience
Boylan, joggled the mare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An afterclang of Cowley’s chords closed, died on the air made richer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And Richie Goulding drank his Power and Leopold Bloom his cider drank, Lidwell
his Guinness, second gentleman said they would partake of two more tankards if
she did not mind. Miss Kennedy smirked, disserving, coral lips, at first, at
second. She did not mind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Seven days in jail, Ben Dollard said, on bread and water. Then you’d
sing, Simon, like a garden thrush.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lionel Simon, singer, laughed. Father Bob Cowley played. Mina Kennedy served.
Second gentleman paid. Tom Kernan strutted in. Lydia, admired, admired. But
Bloom sang dumb.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Admiring.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Richie, admiring, descanted on that man’s glorious voice. He remembered one
night long ago. Never forget that night. Si sang <em>’Twas rank and fame</em>: in
Ned Lambert’s ’twas. Good God he never heard in all his life a note like that
he never did <em>then false one we had better part</em> so clear so God he never
heard <em>since love lives not</em> a clinking voice lives not ask Lambert he can
tell you too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Goulding, a flush struggling in his pale, told Mr Bloom, face of the night, Si
in Ned Lambert’s, Dedalus house, sang <em>’Twas rank and fame.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He, Mr Bloom, listened while he, Richie Goulding, told him, Mr Bloom, of the
night he, Richie, heard him, Si Dedalus, sing <em>’Twas rank and fame</em> in
his, Ned Lambert’s, house.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Brothers-in-law: relations. We never speak as we pass by. Rift in the lute I
think. Treats him with scorn. See. He admires him all the more. The night Si
sang. The human voice, two tiny silky chords, wonderful, more than all others.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That voice was a lamentation. Calmer now. It’s in the silence after you feel
you hear. Vibrations. Now silent air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom ungyved his crisscrossed hands and with slack fingers plucked the slender
catgut thong. He drew and plucked. It buzz, it twanged. While Goulding talked
of Barraclough’s voice production, while Tom Kernan, harking back in a
retrospective sort of arrangement talked to listening Father Cowley, who played
a voluntary, who nodded as he played. While big Ben Dollard talked with Simon
Dedalus, lighting, who nodded as he smoked, who smoked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Thou lost one. All songs on that theme. Yet more Bloom stretched his string.
Cruel it seems. Let people get fond of each other: lure them on. Then tear
asunder. Death. Explos. Knock on the head. Outtohelloutofthat. Human life.
Dignam. Ugh, that rat’s tail wriggling! Five bob I gave. <em>Corpus
paradisum.</em> Corncrake croaker: belly like a poisoned pup. Gone. They sing.
Forgotten. I too. And one day she with. Leave her: get tired. Suffer then.
Snivel. Big spanishy eyes goggling at nothing. Her
wavyavyeavyheavyeavyevyevyhair un comb:’d.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yet too much happy bores. He stretched more, more. Are you not happy in your?
Twang. It snapped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jingle into Dorset street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Douce withdrew her satiny arm, reproachful, pleased.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Don’t make half so free, said she, till we are better acquainted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>George Lidwell told her really and truly: but she did not believe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>First gentleman told Mina that was so. She asked him was that so. And second
tankard told her so. That that was so.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Douce, miss Lydia, did not believe: miss Kennedy, Mina, did not believe:
George Lidwell, no: miss Dou did not: the first, the first: gent with the tank:
believe, no, no: did not, miss Kenn: Lidlydiawell: the tank.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Better write it here. Quills in the postoffice chewed and twisted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bald Pat at a sign drew nigh. A pen and ink. He went. A pad. He went. A pad to
blot. He heard, deaf Pat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said, teasing the curling catgut line. It certainly is.
Few lines will do. My present. All that Italian florid music is. Who is this
wrote? Know the name you know better. Take out sheet notepaper, envelope:
unconcerned. It’s so characteristic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Grandest number in the whole opera, Goulding said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It is, Bloom said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Numbers it is. All music when you come to think. Two multiplied by two divided
by half is twice one. Vibrations: chords those are. One plus two plus six is
seven. Do anything you like with figures juggling. Always find out this equal
to that. Symmetry under a cemetery wall. He doesn’t see my mourning. Callous:
all for his own gut. Musemathematics. And you think you’re listening to the
etherial. But suppose you said it like: Martha, seven times nine minus x is
thirtyfive thousand. Fall quite flat. It’s on account of the sounds it is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instance he’s playing now. Improvising. Might be what you like, till you hear
the words. Want to listen sharp. Hard. Begin all right: then hear chords a bit
off: feel lost a bit. In and out of sacks, over barrels, through wirefences,
obstacle race. Time makes the tune. Question of mood you’re in. Still always
nice to hear. Except scales up and down, girls learning. Two together nextdoor
neighbours. Ought to invent dummy pianos for that. <em>Blumenlied</em> I bought
for her. The name. Playing it slow, a girl, night I came home, the girl. Door
of the stables near Cecilia street. Milly no taste. Queer because we both, I
mean.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bald deaf Pat brought quite flat pad ink. Pat set with ink pen quite flat pad.
Pat took plate dish knife fork. Pat went.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was the only language Mr Dedalus said to Ben. He heard them as a boy in
Ringabella, Crosshaven, Ringabella, singing their barcaroles. Queenstown
harbour full of Italian ships. Walking, you know, Ben, in the moonlight with
those earthquake hats. Blending their voices. God, such music, Ben. Heard as a
boy. Cross Ringabella haven mooncarole.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sour pipe removed he held a shield of hand beside his lips that cooed a
moonlight nightcall, clear from anear, a call from afar, replying.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Down the edge of his <em>Freeman</em> baton ranged Bloom’s, your other eye,
scanning for where did I see that. Callan, Coleman, Dignam Patrick. Heigho!
Heigho! Fawcett. Aha! Just I was looking...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hope he’s not looking, cute as a rat. He held unfurled his <em>Freeman.</em>
Can’t see now. Remember write Greek ees. Bloom dipped, Bloo mur: dear sir. Dear
Henry wrote: dear Mady. Got your lett and flow. Hell did I put? Some pock or
oth. It is utterl imposs. Underline <em>imposs.</em> To write today.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bore this. Bored Bloom tambourined gently with I am just reflecting fingers on
flat pad Pat brought.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On. Know what I mean. No, change that ee. Accep my poor litt pres enclos. Ask
her no answ. Hold on. Five Dig. Two about here. Penny the gulls. Elijah is com.
Seven Davy Byrne’s. Is eight about. Say half a crown. My poor little pres: p.
o. two and six. Write me a long. Do you despise? Jingle, have you the? So
excited. Why do you call me naught? You naughty too? O, Mairy lost the string
of her. Bye for today. Yes, yes, will tell you. Want to. To keep it up. Call me
that other. Other world she wrote. My patience are exhaust. To keep it up. You
must believe. Believe. The tank. It. Is. True.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Folly am I writing? Husbands don’t. That’s marriage does, their wives. Because
I’m away from. Suppose. But how? She must. Keep young. If she found out. Card
in my high grade ha. No, not tell all. Useless pain. If they don’t see. Woman.
Sauce for the gander.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A hackney car, number three hundred and twentyfour, driver Barton James of
number one Harmony avenue, Donnybrook, on which sat a fare, a young gentleman,
stylishly dressed in an indigoblue serge suit made by George Robert Mesias,
tailor and cutter, of number five Eden quay, and wearing a straw hat very
dressy, bought of John Plasto of number one Great Brunswick street, hatter. Eh?
This is the jingle that joggled and jingled. By Dlugacz’ porkshop bright tubes
of Agendath trotted a gallantbuttocked mare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Answering an ad? keen Richie’s eyes asked Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said. Town traveller. Nothing doing, I expect.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom mur: best references. But Henry wrote: it will excite me. You know how.
In haste. Henry. Greek ee. Better add postscript. What is he playing now?
Improvising. Intermezzo. P. S. The rum tum tum. How will you pun? You punish
me? Crooked skirt swinging, whack by. Tell me I want to. Know. O. Course if I
didn’t I wouldn’t ask. La la la ree. Trails off there sad in minor. Why minor
sad? Sign H. They like sad tail at end. P. P. S. La la la ree. I feel so sad
today. La ree. So lonely. Dee.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He blotted quick on pad of Pat. Envel. Address. Just copy out of paper.
Murmured: Messrs Callan, Coleman and Co, limited. Henry wrote:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Martha Clifford<br/>    c/o P. O.<br/>        Dolphin’s Barn Lane<br/>            Dublin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blot over the other so he can’t read. There. Right. Idea prize titbit.
Something detective read off blottingpad. Payment at the rate of guinea per
col. Matcham often thinks the laughing witch. Poor Mrs Purefoy. U. P: up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Too poetical that about the sad. Music did that. Music hath charms. Shakespeare
said. Quotations every day in the year. To be or not to be. Wisdom while you
wait.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Gerard’s rosery of Fetter lane he walks, greyedauburn. One life is all. One
body. Do. But do.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Done anyhow. Postal order, stamp. Postoffice lower down. Walk now. Enough.
Barney Kiernan’s I promised to meet them. Dislike that job. House of mourning.
Walk. Pat! Doesn’t hear. Deaf beetle he is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Car near there now. Talk. Talk. Pat! Doesn’t. Settling those napkins. Lot of
ground he must cover in the day. Paint face behind on him then he’d be two.
Wish they’d sing more. Keep my mind off.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bald Pat who is bothered mitred the napkins. Pat is a waiter hard of his
hearing. Pat is a waiter who waits while you wait. Hee hee hee hee. He waits
while you wait. Hee hee. A waiter is he. Hee hee hee hee. He waits while you
wait. While you wait if you wait he will wait while you wait. Hee hee hee hee.
Hoh. Wait while you wait.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Douce now. Douce Lydia. Bronze and rose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She had a gorgeous, simply gorgeous, time. And look at the lovely shell she
brought.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To the end of the bar to him she bore lightly the spiked and winding seahorn
that he, George Lidwell, solicitor, might hear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Listen! she bade him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Under Tom Kernan’s ginhot words the accompanist wove music slow. Authentic
fact. How Walter Bapty lost his voice. Well, sir, the husband took him by the
throat. <em>Scoundrel,</em> said he, <em>You’ll sing no more lovesongs.</em> He
did, faith, sir Tom. Bob Cowley wove. Tenors get wom. Cowley lay back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ah, now he heard, she holding it to his ear. Hear! He heard. Wonderful. She
held it to her own. And through the sifted light pale gold in contrast glided.
To hear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom through the bardoor saw a shell held at their ears. He heard more faintly
that that they heard, each for herself alone, then each for other, hearing the
plash of waves, loudly, a silent roar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bronze by a weary gold, anear, afar, they listened.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Her ear too is a shell, the peeping lobe there. Been to the seaside. Lovely
seaside girls. Skin tanned raw. Should have put on coldcream first make it
brown. Buttered toast. O and that lotion mustn’t forget. Fever near her mouth.
Your head it simply. Hair braided over: shell with seaweed. Why do they hide
their ears with seaweed hair? And Turks the mouth, why? Her eyes over the
sheet. Yashmak. Find the way in. A cave. No admittance except on business.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The sea they think they hear. Singing. A roar. The blood it is. Souse in the
ear sometimes. Well, it’s a sea. Corpuscle islands.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wonderful really. So distinct. Again. George Lidwell held its murmur, hearing:
then laid it by, gently.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What are the wild waves saying? he asked her, smiled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Charming, seasmiling and unanswering Lydia on Lidwell smiled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By Larry O’Rourke’s, by Larry, bold Larry O’, Boylan swayed and Boylan turned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From the forsaken shell miss Mina glided to her tankards waiting. No, she was
not so lonely archly miss Douce’s head let Mr Lidwell know. Walks in the
moonlight by the sea. No, not alone. With whom? She nobly answered: with a
gentleman friend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bob Cowley’s twinkling fingers in the treble played again. The landlord has the
prior. A little time. Long John. Big Ben. Lightly he played a light bright
tinkling measure for tripping ladies, arch and smiling, and for their gallants,
gentlemen friends. One: one, one, one, one, one: two, one, three, four.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sea, wind, leaves, thunder, waters, cows lowing, the cattlemarket, cocks, hens
don’t crow, snakes hissss. There’s music everywhere. Ruttledge’s door: ee
creaking. No, that’s noise. Minuet of <em>Don Giovanni</em> he’s playing now.
Court dresses of all descriptions in castle chambers dancing. Misery. Peasants
outside. Green starving faces eating dockleaves. Nice that is. Look: look,
look, look, look, look: you look at us.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That’s joyful I can feel. Never have written it. Why? My joy is other joy. But
both are joys. Yes, joy it must be. Mere fact of music shows you are. Often
thought she was in the dumps till she began to lilt. Then know.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>M’Coy valise. My wife and your wife. Squealing cat. Like tearing silk. Tongue
when she talks like the clapper of a bellows. They can’t manage men’s
intervals. Gap in their voices too. Fill me. I’m warm, dark, open. Molly in
<em>quis est homo</em>: Mercadante. My ear against the wall to hear. Want a woman
who can deliver the goods.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jog jig jogged stopped. Dandy tan shoe of dandy Boylan socks skyblue clocks
came light to earth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, look we are so! Chamber music. Could make a kind of pun on that. It is a
kind of music I often thought when she. Acoustics that is. Tinkling. Empty
vessels make most noise. Because the acoustics, the resonance changes according
as the weight of the water is equal to the law of falling water. Like those
rhapsodies of Liszt’s, Hungarian, gipsyeyed. Pearls. Drops. Rain. Diddleiddle
addleaddle ooddleooddle. Hissss. Now. Maybe now. Before.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One rapped on a door, one tapped with a knock, did he knock Paul de Kock with a
loud proud knocker with a cock carracarracarra cock. Cockcock.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Qui sdegno,</em> Ben, said Father Cowley.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, Ben, Tom Kernan interfered. <em>The Croppy Boy.</em> Our native Doric.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay do, Ben, Mr Dedalus said. Good men and true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do, do, they begged in one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I’ll go. Here, Pat, return. Come. He came, he came, he did not stay. To me. How
much?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What key? Six sharps?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—F sharp major, Ben Dollard said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bob Cowley’s outstretched talons griped the black deepsounding chords.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Must go prince Bloom told Richie prince. No, Richie said. Yes, must. Got money
somewhere. He’s on for a razzle backache spree. Much? He seehears lipspeech.
One and nine. Penny for yourself. Here. Give him twopence tip. Deaf, bothered.
But perhaps he has wife and family waiting, waiting Patty come home. Hee hee
hee hee. Deaf wait while they wait.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But wait. But hear. Chords dark. Lugugugubrious. Low. In a cave of the dark
middle earth. Embedded ore. Lumpmusic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The voice of dark age, of unlove, earth’s fatigue made grave approach and
painful, come from afar, from hoary mountains, called on good men and true. The
priest he sought. With him would he speak a word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ben Dollard’s voice. Base barreltone. Doing his level best to say it. Croak of
vast manless moonless womoonless marsh. Other comedown. Big ships’ chandler’s
business he did once. Remember: rosiny ropes, ships’ lanterns. Failed to the
tune of ten thousand pounds. Now in the Iveagh home. Cubicle number so and so.
Number one Bass did that for him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The priest’s at home. A false priest’s servant bade him welcome. Step in. The
holy father. With bows a traitor servant. Curlycues of chords.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ruin them. Wreck their lives. Then build them cubicles to end their days in.
Hushaby. Lullaby. Die, dog. Little dog, die.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The voice of warning, solemn warning, told them the youth had entered a lonely
hall, told them how solemn fell his footsteps there, told them the gloomy
chamber, the vested priest sitting to shrive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Decent soul. Bit addled now. Thinks he’ll win in <em>Answers</em>, poets’ picture
puzzle. We hand you crisp five pound note. Bird sitting hatching in a nest. Lay
of the last minstrel he thought it was. See blank tee what domestic animal? Tee
dash ar most courageous mariner. Good voice he has still. No eunuch yet with
all his belongings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Listen. Bloom listened. Richie Goulding listened. And by the door deaf Pat,
bald Pat, tipped Pat, listened.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chords harped slower.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The voice of penance and of grief came slow, embellished, tremulous. Ben’s
contrite beard confessed. <em>in nomine Domini,</em> in God’s name he knelt. He
beat his hand upon his breast, confessing: <em>mea culpa.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Latin again. That holds them like birdlime. Priest with the communion corpus
for those women. Chap in the mortuary, coffin or coffey, <em>corpusnomine.</em>
Wonder where that rat is by now. Scrape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They listened. Tankards and miss Kennedy. George Lidwell, eyelid well
expressive, fullbusted satin. Kernan. Si.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The sighing voice of sorrow sang. His sins. Since Easter he had cursed three
times. You bitch’s bast. And once at masstime he had gone to play. Once by the
churchyard he had passed and for his mother’s rest he had not prayed. A boy. A
croppy boy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bronze, listening, by the beerpull gazed far away. Soulfully. Doesn’t half know
I’m. Molly great dab at seeing anyone looking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bronze gazed far sideways. Mirror there. Is that best side of her face? They
always know. Knock at the door. Last tip to titivate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cockcarracarra.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What do they think when they hear music? Way to catch rattlesnakes. Night
Michael Gunn gave us the box. Tuning up. Shah of Persia liked that best. Remind
him of home sweet home. Wiped his nose in curtain too. Custom his country
perhaps. That’s music too. Not as bad as it sounds. Tootling. Brasses braying
asses through uptrunks. Doublebasses helpless, gashes in their sides. Woodwinds
mooing cows. Semigrand open crocodile music hath jaws. Woodwind like Goodwin’s
name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She looked fine. Her crocus dress she wore lowcut, belongings on show. Clove
her breath was always in theatre when she bent to ask a question. Told her what
Spinoza says in that book of poor papa’s. Hypnotised, listening. Eyes like
that. She bent. Chap in dresscircle staring down into her with his operaglass
for all he was worth. Beauty of music you must hear twice. Nature woman half a
look. God made the country man the tune. Met him pike hoses. Philosophy. O
rocks!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All gone. All fallen. At the siege of Ross his father, at Gorey all his
brothers fell. To Wexford, we are the boys of Wexford, he would. Last of his
name and race.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I too. Last of my race. Milly young student. Well, my fault perhaps. No son.
Rudy. Too late now. Or if not? If not? If still?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He bore no hate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hate. Love. Those are names. Rudy. Soon I am old.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Big Ben his voice unfolded. Great voice Richie Goulding said, a flush
struggling in his pale, to Bloom soon old. But when was young?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ireland comes now. My country above the king. She listens. Who fears to speak
of nineteen four? Time to be shoving. Looked enough.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Bless me, father,</em> Dollard the croppy cried. <em>Bless me and let
me go.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom looked, unblessed to go. Got up to kill: on eighteen bob a week. Fellows
shell out the dibs. Want to keep your weathereye open. Those girls, those
lovely. By the sad sea waves. Chorusgirl’s romance. Letters read out for breach
of promise. From Chickabiddy’s owny Mumpsypum. Laughter in court. Henry. I
never signed it. The lovely name you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Low sank the music, air and words. Then hastened. The false priest rustling
soldier from his cassock. A yeoman captain. They know it all by heart. The
thrill they itch for. Yeoman cap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Thrilled she listened, bending in sympathy to hear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blank face. Virgin should say: or fingered only. Write something on it: page.
If not what becomes of them? Decline, despair. Keeps them young. Even admire
themselves. See. Play on her. Lip blow. Body of white woman, a flute alive.
Blow gentle. Loud. Three holes, all women. Goddess I didn’t see. They want it.
Not too much polite. That’s why he gets them. Gold in your pocket, brass in
your face. Say something. Make her hear. With look to look. Songs without
words. Molly, that hurdygurdy boy. She knew he meant the monkey was sick. Or
because so like the Spanish. Understand animals too that way. Solomon did. Gift
of nature.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ventriloquise. My lips closed. Think in my stom. What?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Will? You? I. Want. You. To.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With hoarse rude fury the yeoman cursed, swelling in apoplectic bitch’s
bastard. A good thought, boy, to come. One hour’s your time to live, your last.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Thrill now. Pity they feel. To wipe away a tear for martyrs that want to, dying
to, die. For all things dying, for all things born. Poor Mrs Purefoy. Hope
she’s over. Because their wombs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A liquid of womb of woman eyeball gazed under a fence of lashes, calmly,
hearing. See real beauty of the eye when she not speaks. On yonder river. At
each slow satiny heaving bosom’s wave (her heaving embon) red rose rose slowly
sank red rose. Heartbeats: her breath: breath that is life. And all the tiny
tiny fernfoils trembled of maidenhair.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But look. The bright stars fade. O rose! Castile. The morn. Ha. Lidwell. For
him then not for. Infatuated. I like that? See her from here though. Popped
corks, splashes of beerfroth, stacks of empties.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On the smooth jutting beerpull laid Lydia hand, lightly, plumply, leave it to
my hands. All lost in pity for croppy. Fro, to: to, fro: over the polished knob
(she knows his eyes, my eyes, her eyes) her thumb and finger passed in pity:
passed, reposed and, gently touching, then slid so smoothly, slowly down, a
cool firm white enamel baton protruding through their sliding ring.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With a cock with a carra.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I hold this house. Amen. He gnashed in fury. Traitors swing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chords consented. Very sad thing. But had to be.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Get out before the end. Thanks, that was heavenly. Where’s my hat. Pass by her.
Can leave that <em>Freeman</em>. Letter I have. Suppose she were the? No. Walk,
walk, walk. Like Cashel Boylo Connoro Coylo Tisdall Maurice Tisntdall Farrell.
Waaaaaaalk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Well, I must be. Are you off? Yrfmstbyes. Blmstup. O’er ryehigh blue. Ow. Bloom
stood up. Soap feeling rather sticky behind. Must have sweated: music. That
lotion, remember. Well, so long. High grade. Card inside. Yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By deaf Pat in the doorway straining ear Bloom passed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At Geneva barrack that young man died. At Passage was his body laid. Dolor! O,
he dolores! The voice of the mournful chanter called to dolorous prayer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By rose, by satiny bosom, by the fondling hand, by slops, by empties, by popped
corks, greeting in going, past eyes and maidenhair, bronze and faint gold in
deepseashadow, went Bloom, soft Bloom, I feel so lonely Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pray for him, prayed the bass of Dollard. You who hear in peace. Breathe a
prayer, drop a tear, good men, good people. He was the croppy boy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Scaring eavesdropping boots croppy bootsboy Bloom in the Ormond hallway heard
the growls and roars of bravo, fat backslapping, their boots all treading,
boots not the boots the boy. General chorus off for a swill to wash it down.
Glad I avoided.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come on, Ben, Simon Dedalus cried. By God, you’re as good as ever you
were.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Better, said Tomgin Kernan. Most trenchant rendition of that ballad,
upon my soul and honour it is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Lablache, said Father Cowley.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ben Dollard bulkily cachuchad towards the bar, mightily praisefed and all big
roseate, on heavyfooted feet, his gouty fingers nakkering castagnettes in the
air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Big Benaben Dollard. Big Benben. Big Benben.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rrr.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And deepmoved all, Simon trumping compassion from foghorn nose, all laughing
they brought him forth, Ben Dollard, in right good cheer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You’re looking rubicund, George Lidwell said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Douce composed her rose to wait.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ben machree, said Mr Dedalus, clapping Ben’s fat back shoulderblade. Fit
as a fiddle only he has a lot of adipose tissue concealed about his person.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rrrrrrrsss.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Fat of death, Simon, Ben Dollard growled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Richie rift in the lute alone sat: Goulding, Collis, Ward. Uncertainly he
waited. Unpaid Pat too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Miss Mina Kennedy brought near her lips to ear of tankard one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mr Dollard, they murmured low.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dollard, murmured tankard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tank one believed: miss Kenn when she: that doll he was: she doll: the tank.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He murmured that he knew the name. The name was familiar to him, that is to
say. That was to say he had heard the name of. Dollard, was it? Dollard, yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes, her lips said more loudly, Mr Dollard. He sang that song lovely, murmured
Mina. Mr Dollard. And <em>The last rose of summer</em> was a lovely song. Mina
loved that song. Tankard loved the song that Mina.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>’Tis the last rose of summer dollard left bloom felt wind wound round inside.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gassy thing that cider: binding too. Wait. Postoffice near Reuben J’s one and
eightpence too. Get shut of it. Dodge round by Greek street. Wish I hadn’t
promised to meet. Freer in air. Music. Gets on your nerves. Beerpull. Her hand
that rocks the cradle rules the. Ben Howth. That rules the world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Far. Far. Far. Far.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Up the quay went Lionelleopold, naughty Henry with letter for Mady, with sweets
of sin with frillies for Raoul with met him pike hoses went Poldy on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap blind walked tapping by the tap the curbstone tapping, tap by tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cowley, he stuns himself with it: kind of drunkenness. Better give way only
half way the way of a man with a maid. Instance enthusiasts. All ears. Not lose
a demisemiquaver. Eyes shut. Head nodding in time. Dotty. You daren’t budge.
Thinking strictly prohibited. Always talking shop. Fiddlefaddle about notes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All a kind of attempt to talk. Unpleasant when it stops because you never know
exac. Organ in Gardiner street. Old Glynn fifty quid a year. Queer up there in
the cockloft, alone, with stops and locks and keys. Seated all day at the
organ. Maunder on for hours, talking to himself or the other fellow blowing the
bellows. Growl angry, then shriek cursing (want to have wadding or something in
his no don’t she cried), then all of a soft sudden wee little wee little pipy
wind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pwee! A wee little wind piped eeee. In Bloom’s little wee.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Was he? Mr Dedalus said, returning with fetched pipe. I was with him
this morning at poor little Paddy Dignam’s...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, the Lord have mercy on him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—By the bye there’s a tuningfork in there on the...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The wife has a fine voice. Or had. What? Lidwell asked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, that must be the tuner, Lydia said to Simonlionel first I saw, forgot
it when he was here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blind he was she told George Lidwell second I saw. And played so exquisitely,
treat to hear. Exquisite contrast: bronzelid, minagold.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Shout! Ben Dollard shouted, pouring. Sing out!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—’lldo! cried Father Cowley.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rrrrrr.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I feel I want...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Very, Mr Dedalus said, staring hard at a headless sardine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Under the sandwichbell lay on a bier of bread one last, one lonely, last
sardine of summer. Bloom alone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Very, he stared. The lower register, for choice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom went by Barry’s. Wish I could. Wait. That wonderworker if I had.
Twentyfour solicitors in that one house. Counted them. Litigation. Love one
another. Piles of parchment. Messrs Pick and Pocket have power of attorney.
Goulding, Collis, Ward.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But for example the chap that wallops the big drum. His vocation: Mickey
Rooney’s band. Wonder how it first struck him. Sitting at home after pig’s
cheek and cabbage nursing it in the armchair. Rehearsing his band part. Pom.
Pompedy. Jolly for the wife. Asses’ skins. Welt them through life, then wallop
after death. Pom. Wallop. Seems to be what you call yashmak or I mean kismet.
Fate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. Tap. A stripling, blind, with a tapping cane came taptaptapping by Daly’s
window where a mermaid hair all streaming (but he couldn’t see) blew whiffs of
a mermaid (blind couldn’t), mermaid, coolest whiff of all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instruments. A blade of grass, shell of her hands, then blow. Even comb and
tissuepaper you can knock a tune out of. Molly in her shift in Lombard street
west, hair down. I suppose each kind of trade made its own, don’t you see?
Hunter with a horn. Haw. Have you the? <em>Cloche. Sonnez la.</em> Shepherd his
pipe. Pwee little wee. Policeman a whistle. Locks and keys! Sweep! Four
o’clock’s all’s well! Sleep! All is lost now. Drum? Pompedy. Wait. I know.
Towncrier, bumbailiff. Long John. Waken the dead. Pom. Dignam. Poor little
<em>nominedomine.</em> Pom. It is music. I mean of course it’s all pom pom pom
very much what they call <em>da capo.</em> Still you can hear. As we march, we
march along, march along. Pom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I must really. Fff. Now if I did that at a banquet. Just a question of custom
shah of Persia. Breathe a prayer, drop a tear. All the same he must have been a
bit of a natural not to see it was a yeoman cap. Muffled up. Wonder who was
that chap at the grave in the brown macin. O, the whore of the lane!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A frowsy whore with black straw sailor hat askew came glazily in the day along
the quay towards Mr Bloom. When first he saw that form endearing? Yes, it is. I
feel so lonely. Wet night in the lane. Horn. Who had the? Heehaw shesaw. Off
her beat here. What is she? Hope she. Psst! Any chance of your wash. Knew
Molly. Had me decked. Stout lady does be with you in the brown costume. Put you
off your stroke, that. Appointment we made knowing we’d never, well hardly
ever. Too dear too near to home sweet home. Sees me, does she? Looks a fright
in the day. Face like dip. Damn her. O, well, she has to live like the rest.
Look in here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Lionel Marks’s antique saleshop window haughty Henry Lionel Leopold dear
Henry Flower earnestly Mr Leopold Bloom envisaged battered candlesticks
melodeon oozing maggoty blowbags. Bargain: six bob. Might learn to play. Cheap.
Let her pass. Course everything is dear if you don’t want it. That’s what good
salesman is. Make you buy what he wants to sell. Chap sold me the Swedish razor
he shaved me with. Wanted to charge me for the edge he gave it. She’s passing
now. Six bob.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Must be the cider or perhaps the burgund.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Near bronze from anear near gold from afar they chinked their clinking glasses
all, brighteyed and gallant, before bronze Lydia’s tempting last rose of
summer, rose of Castile. First Lid, De, Cow, Ker, Doll, a fifth: Lidwell, Si
Dedalus, Bob Cowley, Kernan and big Ben Dollard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tap. A youth entered a lonely Ormond hall.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom viewed a gallant pictured hero in Lionel Marks’s window. Robert Emmet’s
last words. Seven last words. Of Meyerbeer that is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—True men like you men.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, ay, Ben.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Will lift your glass with us.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They lifted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tschink. Tschunk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tip. An unseeing stripling stood in the door. He saw not bronze. He saw not
gold. Nor Ben nor Bob nor Tom nor Si nor George nor tanks nor Richie nor Pat.
Hee hee hee hee. He did not see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Seabloom, greaseabloom viewed last words. Softly. <em>When my country takes her
place among.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Prrprr.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Must be the bur.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fff! Oo. Rrpr.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Nations of the earth.</em> No-one behind. She’s passed. <em>Then and not till
then.</em> Tram kran kran kran. Good oppor. Coming. Krandlkrankran. I’m sure
it’s the burgund. Yes. One, two. <em>Let my epitaph be.</em> Kraaaaaa.
<em>Written. I have.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pprrpffrrppffff.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Done.</em></p>
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</div>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html_pgepubid00078" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html_chap12"></span>[ 12 ]</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I was just passing the time of day with old Troy of the D. M. P. at the corner
of Arbour hill there and be damned but a bloody sweep came along and he near
drove his gear into my eye. I turned around to let him have the weight of my
tongue when who should I see dodging along Stony Batter only Joe Hynes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Lo, Joe, says I. How are you blowing? Did you see that bloody
chimneysweep near shove my eye out with his brush?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Soot’s luck, says Joe. Who’s the old ballocks you were talking to?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Old Troy, says I, was in the force. I’m on two minds not to give that
fellow in charge for obstructing the thoroughfare with his brooms and ladders.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What are you doing round those parts? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Devil a much, says I. There’s a bloody big foxy thief beyond by the
garrison church at the corner of Chicken lane—old Troy was just giving me
a wrinkle about him—lifted any God’s quantity of tea and sugar to pay
three bob a week said he had a farm in the county Down off a hop-of-my-thumb by
the name of Moses Herzog over there near Heytesbury street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Circumcised? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, says I. A bit off the top. An old plumber named Geraghty. I’m
hanging on to his taw now for the past fortnight and I can’t get a penny out of
him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That the lay you’re on now? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, says I. How are the mighty fallen! Collector of bad and doubtful
debts. But that’s the most notorious bloody robber you’d meet in a day’s walk
and the face on him all pockmarks would hold a shower of rain. <em>Tell him,</em>
says he, <em>I dare him,</em> says he, <em>and I doubledare him to send you round
here again or if he does,</em> says he, <em>I’ll have him summonsed up before the
court, so I will, for trading without a licence.</em> And he after stuffing
himself till he’s fit to burst. Jesus, I had to laugh at the little jewy
getting his shirt out. <em>He drink me my teas. He eat me my sugars. Because he
no pay me my moneys?</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For nonperishable goods bought of Moses Herzog, of 13 Saint Kevin’s parade in
the city of Dublin, Wood quay ward, merchant, hereinafter called the vendor,
and sold and delivered to Michael E. Geraghty, esquire, of 29 Arbour hill in
the city of Dublin, Arran quay ward, gentleman, hereinafter called the
purchaser, videlicet, five pounds avoirdupois of first choice tea at three
shillings and no pence per pound avoirdupois and three stone avoirdupois of
sugar, crushed crystal, at threepence per pound avoirdupois, the said purchaser
debtor to the said vendor of one pound five shillings and sixpence sterling for
value received which amount shall be paid by said purchaser to said vendor in
weekly instalments every seven calendar days of three shillings and no pence
sterling: and the said nonperishable goods shall not be pawned or pledged or
sold or otherwise alienated by the said purchaser but shall be and remain and
be held to be the sole and exclusive property of the said vendor to be disposed
of at his good will and pleasure until the said amount shall have been duly
paid by the said purchaser to the said vendor in the manner herein set forth as
this day hereby agreed between the said vendor, his heirs, successors, trustees
and assigns of the one part and the said purchaser, his heirs, successors,
trustees and assigns of the other part.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you a strict t.t.? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Not taking anything between drinks, says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What about paying our respects to our friend? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who? says I. Sure, he’s out in John of God’s off his head, poor man.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Drinking his own stuff? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, says I. Whisky and water on the brain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come around to Barney Kiernan’s, says Joe. I want to see the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Barney mavourneen’s be it, says I. Anything strange or wonderful, Joe?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Not a word, says Joe. I was up at that meeting in the City Arms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What was that, Joe? says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Cattle traders, says Joe, about the foot and mouth disease. I want to
give the citizen the hard word about it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So we went around by the Linenhall barracks and the back of the courthouse
talking of one thing or another. Decent fellow Joe when he has it but sure like
that he never has it. Jesus, I couldn’t get over that bloody foxy Geraghty, the
daylight robber. For trading without a licence, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Inisfail the fair there lies a land, the land of holy Michan. There rises a
watchtower beheld of men afar. There sleep the mighty dead as in life they
slept, warriors and princes of high renown. A pleasant land it is in sooth of
murmuring waters, fishful streams where sport the gurnard, the plaice, the
roach, the halibut, the gibbed haddock, the grilse, the dab, the brill, the
flounder, the pollock, the mixed coarse fish generally and other denizens of
the aqueous kingdom too numerous to be enumerated. In the mild breezes of the
west and of the east the lofty trees wave in different directions their
firstclass foliage, the wafty sycamore, the Lebanonian cedar, the exalted
planetree, the eugenic eucalyptus and other ornaments of the arboreal world
with which that region is thoroughly well supplied. Lovely maidens sit in close
proximity to the roots of the lovely trees singing the most lovely songs while
they play with all kinds of lovely objects as for example golden ingots,
silvery fishes, crans of herrings, drafts of eels, codlings, creels of
fingerlings, purple seagems and playful insects. And heroes voyage from afar to
woo them, from Eblana to Slievemargy, the peerless princes of unfettered
Munster and of Connacht the just and of smooth sleek Leinster and of Cruachan’s
land and of Armagh the splendid and of the noble district of Boyle, princes,
the sons of kings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And there rises a shining palace whose crystal glittering roof is seen by
mariners who traverse the extensive sea in barks built expressly for that
purpose, and thither come all herds and fatlings and firstfruits of that land
for O’Connell Fitzsimon takes toll of them, a chieftain descended from
chieftains. Thither the extremely large wains bring foison of the fields,
flaskets of cauliflowers, floats of spinach, pineapple chunks, Rangoon beans,
strikes of tomatoes, drums of figs, drills of Swedes, spherical potatoes and
tallies of iridescent kale, York and Savoy, and trays of onions, pearls of the
earth, and punnets of mushrooms and custard marrows and fat vetches and bere
and rape and red green yellow brown russet sweet big bitter ripe pomellated
apples and chips of strawberries and sieves of gooseberries, pulpy and
pelurious, and strawberries fit for princes and raspberries from their canes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I dare him, says he, and I doubledare him. Come out here, Geraghty, you
notorious bloody hill and dale robber!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And by that way wend the herds innumerable of bellwethers and flushed ewes and
shearling rams and lambs and stubble geese and medium steers and roaring mares
and polled calves and longwools and storesheep and Cuffe’s prime springers and
culls and sowpigs and baconhogs and the various different varieties of highly
distinguished swine and Angus heifers and polly bullocks of immaculate
pedigree together with prime premiated milchcows and beeves: and there is ever
heard a trampling, cackling, roaring, lowing, bleating, bellowing, rumbling,
grunting, champing, chewing, of sheep and pigs and heavyhooved kine from
pasturelands of Lusk and Rush and Carrickmines and from the streamy vales of
Thomond, from the M’Gillicuddy’s reeks the inaccessible and lordly Shannon the
unfathomable, and from the gentle declivities of the place of the race of Kiar,
their udders distended with superabundance of milk and butts of butter and
rennets of cheese and farmer’s firkins and targets of lamb and crannocks of
corn and oblong eggs in great hundreds, various in size, the agate with this
dun.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So we turned into Barney Kiernan’s and there, sure enough, was the citizen up
in the corner having a great confab with himself and that bloody mangy mongrel,
Garryowen, and he waiting for what the sky would drop in the way of drink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There he is, says I, in his gloryhole, with his cruiskeen lawn and his
load of papers, working for the cause.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The bloody mongrel let a grouse out of him would give you the creeps. Be a
corporal work of mercy if someone would take the life of that bloody dog. I’m
told for a fact he ate a good part of the breeches off a constabulary man in
Santry that came round one time with a blue paper about a licence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Stand and deliver, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s all right, citizen, says Joe. Friends here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pass, friends, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then he rubs his hand in his eye and says he:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s your opinion of the times?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Doing the rapparee and Rory of the hill. But, begob, Joe was equal to the
occasion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I think the markets are on a rise, says he, sliding his hand down his
fork.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So begob the citizen claps his paw on his knee and he says:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Foreign wars is the cause of it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And says Joe, sticking his thumb in his pocket:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s the Russians wish to tyrannise.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Arrah, give over your bloody codding, Joe, says I. I’ve a thirst on me I
wouldn’t sell for half a crown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Give it a name, citizen, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wine of the country, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s yours? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ditto MacAnaspey, says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Three pints, Terry, says Joe. And how’s the old heart, citizen? says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Never better, <em>a chara</em>, says he. What Garry? Are we going to win?
Eh?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And with that he took the bloody old towser by the scruff of the neck and, by
Jesus, he near throttled him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The figure seated on a large boulder at the foot of a round tower was that of a
broadshouldered deepchested stronglimbed frankeyed redhaired freelyfreckled
shaggybearded widemouthed largenosed longheaded deepvoiced barekneed
brawnyhanded hairylegged ruddyfaced sinewyarmed hero. From shoulder to shoulder
he measured several ells and his rocklike mountainous knees were covered, as
was likewise the rest of his body wherever visible, with a strong growth of
tawny prickly hair in hue and toughness similar to the mountain gorse (<em>Ulex
Europeus</em>). The widewinged nostrils, from which bristles of the same tawny
hue projected, were of such capaciousness that within their cavernous obscurity
the fieldlark might easily have lodged her nest. The eyes in which a tear and a
smile strove ever for the mastery were of the dimensions of a goodsized
cauliflower. A powerful current of warm breath issued at regular intervals from
the profound cavity of his mouth while in rhythmic resonance the loud strong
hale reverberations of his formidable heart thundered rumblingly causing the
ground, the summit of the lofty tower and the still loftier walls of the cave
to vibrate and tremble.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He wore a long unsleeved garment of recently flayed oxhide reaching to the
knees in a loose kilt and this was bound about his middle by a girdle of
plaited straw and rushes. Beneath this he wore trews of deerskin, roughly
stitched with gut. His nether extremities were encased in high Balbriggan
buskins dyed in lichen purple, the feet being shod with brogues of salted
cowhide laced with the windpipe of the same beast. From his girdle hung a row
of seastones which jangled at every movement of his portentous frame and on
these were graven with rude yet striking art the tribal images of many Irish
heroes and heroines of antiquity, Cuchulin, Conn of hundred battles, Niall of
nine hostages, Brian of Kincora, the ardri Malachi, Art MacMurragh, Shane
O’Neill, Father John Murphy, Owen Roe, Patrick Sarsfield, Red Hugh O’Donnell,
Red Jim MacDermott, Soggarth Eoghan O’Growney, Michael Dwyer, Francy Higgins,
Henry Joy M’Cracken, Goliath, Horace Wheatley, Thomas Conneff, Peg Woffington,
the Village Blacksmith, Captain Moonlight, Captain Boycott, Dante Alighieri,
Christopher Columbus, S. Fursa, S. Brendan, Marshal MacMahon, Charlemagne,
Theobald Wolfe Tone, the Mother of the Maccabees, the Last of the Mohicans, the
Rose of Castile, the Man for Galway, The Man that Broke the Bank at Monte
Carlo, The Man in the Gap, The Woman Who Didn’t, Benjamin Franklin, Napoleon
Bonaparte, John L. Sullivan, Cleopatra, Savourneen Deelish, Julius Caesar,
Paracelsus, sir Thomas Lipton, William Tell, Michelangelo Hayes, Muhammad, the
Bride of Lammermoor, Peter the Hermit, Peter the Packer, Dark Rosaleen, Patrick
W. Shakespeare, Brian Confucius, Murtagh Gutenberg, Patricio Velasquez, Captain
Nemo, Tristan and Isolde, the first Prince of Wales, Thomas Cook and Son, the
Bold Soldier Boy, Arrah na Pogue, Dick Turpin, Ludwig Beethoven, the Colleen
Bawn, Waddler Healy, Angus the Culdee, Dolly Mount, Sidney Parade, Ben Howth,
Valentine Greatrakes, Adam and Eve, Arthur Wellesley, Boss Croker, Herodotus,
Jack the Giantkiller, Gautama Buddha, Lady Godiva, The Lily of Killarney, Balor
of the Evil Eye, the Queen of Sheba, Acky Nagle, Joe Nagle, Alessandro Volta,
Jeremiah O’Donovan Rossa, Don Philip O’Sullivan Beare. A couched spear of
acuminated granite rested by him while at his feet reposed a savage animal of
the canine tribe whose stertorous gasps announced that he was sunk in uneasy
slumber, a supposition confirmed by hoarse growls and spasmodic movements which
his master repressed from time to time by tranquilising blows of a mighty
cudgel rudely fashioned out of paleolithic stone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So anyhow Terry brought the three pints Joe was standing and begob the sight
nearly left my eyes when I saw him land out a quid. O, as true as I’m telling
you. A goodlooking sovereign.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And there’s more where that came from, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Were you robbing the poorbox, Joe? says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sweat of my brow, says Joe. ’Twas the prudent member gave me the wheeze.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I saw him before I met you, says I, sloping around by Pill lane and
Greek street with his cod’s eye counting up all the guts of the fish.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Who comes through Michan’s land, bedight in sable armour? O’Bloom, the son of
Rory: it is he. Impervious to fear is Rory’s son: he of the prudent soul.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—For the old woman of Prince’s street, says the citizen, the subsidised
organ. The pledgebound party on the floor of the house. And look at this
blasted rag, says he. Look at this, says he. <em>The Irish Independent,</em> if
you please, founded by Parnell to be the workingman’s friend. Listen to the
births and deaths in the <em>Irish all for Ireland Independent,</em> and I’ll
thank you and the marriages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And he starts reading them out:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Gordon, Barnfield crescent, Exeter; Redmayne of Iffley, Saint Anne’s on
Sea: the wife of William T Redmayne of a son. How’s that, eh? Wright and Flint,
Vincent and Gillett to Rotha Marion daughter of Rosa and the late George Alfred
Gillett, 179 Clapham road, Stockwell, Playwood and Ridsdale at Saint Jude’s,
Kensington by the very reverend Dr Forrest, dean of Worcester. Eh? Deaths.
Bristow, at Whitehall lane, London: Carr, Stoke Newington, of gastritis and
heart disease: Cockburn, at the Moat house, Chepstow...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know that fellow, says Joe, from bitter experience.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Cockburn. Dimsey, wife of David Dimsey, late of the admiralty: Miller,
Tottenham, aged eightyfive: Welsh, June 12, at 35 Canning street, Liverpool,
Isabella Helen. How’s that for a national press, eh, my brown son! How’s that
for Martin Murphy, the Bantry jobber?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah, well, says Joe, handing round the boose. Thanks be to God they had
the start of us. Drink that, citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I will, says he, honourable person.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Health, Joe, says I. And all down the form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ah! Ow! Don’t be talking! I was blue mouldy for the want of that pint. Declare
to God I could hear it hit the pit of my stomach with a click.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And lo, as they quaffed their cup of joy, a godlike messenger came swiftly in,
radiant as the eye of heaven, a comely youth and behind him there passed an
elder of noble gait and countenance, bearing the sacred scrolls of law and with
him his lady wife a dame of peerless lineage, fairest of her race.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Little Alf Bergan popped in round the door and hid behind Barney’s snug,
squeezed up with the laughing. And who was sitting up there in the corner that
I hadn’t seen snoring drunk blind to the world only Bob Doran. I didn’t know
what was up and Alf kept making signs out of the door. And begob what was it
only that bloody old pantaloon Denis Breen in his bathslippers with two bloody
big books tucked under his oxter and the wife hotfoot after him, unfortunate
wretched woman, trotting like a poodle. I thought Alf would split.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Look at him, says he. Breen. He’s traipsing all round Dublin with a
postcard someone sent him with U. p: up on it to take a li...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And he doubled up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Take a what? says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Libel action, says he, for ten thousand pounds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O hell! says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The bloody mongrel began to growl that’d put the fear of God in you seeing
something was up but the citizen gave him a kick in the ribs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Bi i dho husht,</em> says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Breen, says Alf. He was in John Henry Menton’s and then he went round to
Collis and Ward’s and then Tom Rochford met him and sent him round to the
subsheriff’s for a lark. O God, I’ve a pain laughing. U. p: up. The long fellow
gave him an eye as good as a process and now the bloody old lunatic is gone
round to Green street to look for a G man.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—When is long John going to hang that fellow in Mountjoy? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bergan, says Bob Doran, waking up. Is that Alf Bergan?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, says Alf. Hanging? Wait till I show you. Here, Terry, give us a
pony. That bloody old fool! Ten thousand pounds. You should have seen long
John’s eye. U. p ....</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And he started laughing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who are you laughing at? says Bob Doran. Is that Bergan?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hurry up, Terry boy, says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Terence O’Ryan heard him and straightway brought him a crystal cup full of the
foamy ebon ale which the noble twin brothers Bungiveagh and Bungardilaun brew
ever in their divine alevats, cunning as the sons of deathless Leda. For they
garner the succulent berries of the hop and mass and sift and bruise and brew
them and they mix therewith sour juices and bring the must to the sacred fire
and cease not night or day from their toil, those cunning brothers, lords of
the vat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then did you, chivalrous Terence, hand forth, as to the manner born, that
nectarous beverage and you offered the crystal cup to him that thirsted, the
soul of chivalry, in beauty akin to the immortals.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But he, the young chief of the O’Bergan’s, could ill brook to be outdone in
generous deeds but gave therefor with gracious gesture a testoon of costliest
bronze. Thereon embossed in excellent smithwork was seen the image of a queen
of regal port, scion of the house of Brunswick, Victoria her name, Her Most
Excellent Majesty, by grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland and of the British dominions beyond the sea, queen, defender of the
faith, Empress of India, even she, who bore rule, a victress over many peoples,
the wellbeloved, for they knew and loved her from the rising of the sun to the
going down thereof, the pale, the dark, the ruddy and the ethiop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s that bloody freemason doing, says the citizen, prowling up and
down outside?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s that? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Here you are, says Alf, chucking out the rhino. Talking about hanging,
I’ll show you something you never saw. Hangmen’s letters. Look at here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So he took a bundle of wisps of letters and envelopes out of his pocket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you codding? says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Honest injun, says Alf. Read them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So Joe took up the letters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who are you laughing at? says Bob Doran.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So I saw there was going to be a bit of a dust. Bob’s a queer chap when the
porter’s up in him so says I just to make talk:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How’s Willy Murray those times, Alf?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I don’t know, says Alf. I saw him just now in Capel street with Paddy
Dignam. Only I was running after that...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You what? says Joe, throwing down the letters. With who?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—With Dignam, says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is it Paddy? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, says Alf. Why?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Don’t you know he’s dead? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Paddy Dignam dead! says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sure I’m after seeing him not five minutes ago, says Alf, as plain as a
pikestaff.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who’s dead? says Bob Doran.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You saw his ghost then, says Joe, God between us and harm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What? says Alf. Good Christ, only five... What?... And Willy Murray with
him, the two of them there near whatdoyoucallhim’s... What? Dignam dead?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What about Dignam? says Bob Doran. Who’s talking about...?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dead! says Alf. He’s no more dead than you are.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Maybe so, says Joe. They took the liberty of burying him this morning
anyhow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Paddy? says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, says Joe. He paid the debt of nature, God be merciful to him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good Christ! says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Begob he was what you might call flabbergasted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the darkness spirit hands were felt to flutter and when prayer by tantras
had been directed to the proper quarter a faint but increasing luminosity of
ruby light became gradually visible, the apparition of the etheric double being
particularly lifelike owing to the discharge of jivic rays from the crown of
the head and face. Communication was effected through the pituitary body and
also by means of the orangefiery and scarlet rays emanating from the sacral
region and solar plexus. Questioned by his earthname as to his whereabouts in
the heavenworld he stated that he was now on the path of prālāyā
or return but was still submitted to trial at the hands of certain bloodthirsty
entities on the lower astral levels. In reply to a question as to his first
sensations in the great divide beyond he stated that previously he had seen as
in a glass darkly but that those who had passed over had summit possibilities
of atmic development opened up to them. Interrogated as to whether life there
resembled our experience in the flesh he stated that he had heard from more
favoured beings now in the spirit that their abodes were equipped with every
modern home comfort such as tālāfānā,
ālāvātār, hātākāldā,
wātāklāsāt and that the highest adepts were steeped in
waves of volupcy of the very purest nature. Having requested a quart of
buttermilk this was brought and evidently afforded relief. Asked if he had any
message for the living he exhorted all who were still at the wrong side of
Māyā to acknowledge the true path for it was reported in devanic
circles that Mars and Jupiter were out for mischief on the eastern angle where
the ram has power. It was then queried whether there were any special desires
on the part of the defunct and the reply was: <em>We greet you, friends of
earth, who are still in the body. Mind C. K. doesn’t pile it on.</em> It was
ascertained that the reference was to Mr Cornelius Kelleher, manager of Messrs
H. J. O’Neill’s popular funeral establishment, a personal friend of the
defunct, who had been responsible for the carrying out of the interment
arrangements. Before departing he requested that it should be told to his dear
son Patsy that the other boot which he had been looking for was at present
under the commode in the return room and that the pair should be sent to
Cullen’s to be soled only as the heels were still good. He stated that this had
greatly perturbed his peace of mind in the other region and earnestly requested
that his desire should be made known.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Assurances were given that the matter would be attended to and it was intimated
that this had given satisfaction.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He is gone from mortal haunts: O’Dignam, sun of our morning. Fleet was his foot
on the bracken: Patrick of the beamy brow. Wail, Banba, with your wind: and
wail, O ocean, with your whirlwind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There he is again, says the citizen, staring out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who? says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bloom, says he. He’s on point duty up and down there for the last ten
minutes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And, begob, I saw his physog do a peep in and then slidder off again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Little Alf was knocked bawways. Faith, he was.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good Christ! says he. I could have sworn it was him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And says Bob Doran, with the hat on the back of his poll, lowest blackguard in
Dublin when he’s under the influence:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who said Christ is good?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I beg your parsnips, says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is that a good Christ, says Bob Doran, to take away poor little Willy
Dignam?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah, well, says Alf, trying to pass it off. He’s over all his troubles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But Bob Doran shouts out of him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s a bloody ruffian, I say, to take away poor little Willy Dignam.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Terry came down and tipped him the wink to keep quiet, that they didn’t want
that kind of talk in a respectable licensed premises. And Bob Doran starts
doing the weeps about Paddy Dignam, true as you’re there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The finest man, says he, snivelling, the finest purest character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The tear is bloody near your eye. Talking through his bloody hat. Fitter for
him go home to the little sleepwalking bitch he married, Mooney, the
bumbailiff’s daughter, mother kept a kip in Hardwicke street, that used to be
stravaging about the landings Bantam Lyons told me that was stopping there at
two in the morning without a stitch on her, exposing her person, open to all
comers, fair field and no favour.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The noblest, the truest, says he. And he’s gone, poor little Willy, poor
little Paddy Dignam.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And mournful and with a heavy heart he bewept the extinction of that beam of
heaven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Old Garryowen started growling again at Bloom that was skeezing round the door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come in, come on, he won’t eat you, says the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So Bloom slopes in with his cod’s eye on the dog and he asks Terry was Martin
Cunningham there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, Christ M’Keown, says Joe, reading one of the letters. Listen to this,
will you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And he starts reading out one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>7 Hunter Street,<br/>Liverpool.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>To the High Sheriff of Dublin,<br/>            Dublin.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Honoured sir i beg to offer my services in the abovementioned painful case i
hanged Joe Gann in Bootle jail on the 12 of Febuary 1900 and i hanged...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Show us, Joe, says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>... private Arthur Chace for fowl murder of Jessie Tilsit in
Pentonville prison and i was assistant when...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Jesus, says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>... Billington executed the awful murderer Toad Smith...</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The citizen made a grab at the letter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hold hard, says Joe, <em>i have a special nack of putting the noose once
in he can’t get out hoping to be favoured i remain, honoured sir, my terms is
five ginnees.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>H. Rumbold,<br/>            Master Barber.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And a barbarous bloody barbarian he is too, says the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And the dirty scrawl of the wretch, says Joe. Here, says he, take them
to hell out of my sight, Alf. Hello, Bloom, says he, what will you have?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So they started arguing about the point, Bloom saying he wouldn’t and he
couldn’t and excuse him no offence and all to that and then he said well he’d
just take a cigar. Gob, he’s a prudent member and no mistake.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Give us one of your prime stinkers, Terry, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And Alf was telling us there was one chap sent in a mourning card with a black
border round it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They’re all barbers, says he, from the black country that would hang
their own fathers for five quid down and travelling expenses.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And he was telling us there’s two fellows waiting below to pull his heels down
when he gets the drop and choke him properly and then they chop up the rope
after and sell the bits for a few bob a skull.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the dark land they bide, the vengeful knights of the razor. Their deadly
coil they grasp: yea, and therein they lead to Erebus whatsoever wight hath
done a deed of blood for I will on nowise suffer it even so saith the Lord.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So they started talking about capital punishment and of course Bloom comes out
with the why and the wherefore and all the codology of the business and the old
dog smelling him all the time I’m told those jewies does have a sort of a queer
odour coming off them for dogs about I don’t know what all deterrent effect and
so forth and so on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There’s one thing it hasn’t a deterrent effect on, says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s that? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The poor bugger’s tool that’s being hanged, says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That so? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—God’s truth, says Alf. I heard that from the head warder that was in
Kilmainham when they hanged Joe Brady, the invincible. He told me when they cut
him down after the drop it was standing up in their faces like a poker.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ruling passion strong in death, says Joe, as someone said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That can be explained by science, says Bloom. It’s only a natural
phenomenon, don’t you see, because on account of the...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And then he starts with his jawbreakers about phenomenon and science and this
phenomenon and the other phenomenon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The distinguished scientist Herr Professor Luitpold Blumenduft tendered medical
evidence to the effect that the instantaneous fracture of the cervical
vertebrae and consequent scission of the spinal cord would, according to the
best approved tradition of medical science, be calculated to inevitably produce
in the human subject a violent ganglionic stimulus of the nerve centres of the
genital apparatus, thereby causing the elastic pores of the <em>corpora
cavernosa</em> to rapidly dilate in such a way as to instantaneously facilitate
the flow of blood to that part of the human anatomy known as the penis or male
organ resulting in the phenomenon which has been denominated by the faculty a
morbid upwards and outwards philoprogenitive erection <em>in articulo mortis per
diminutionem capitis.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So of course the citizen was only waiting for the wink of the word and he
starts gassing out of him about the invincibles and the old guard and the men
of sixtyseven and who fears to speak of ninetyeight and Joe with him about all
the fellows that were hanged, drawn and transported for the cause by drumhead
courtmartial and a new Ireland and new this, that and the other. Talking about
new Ireland he ought to go and get a new dog so he ought. Mangy ravenous brute
sniffing and sneezing all round the place and scratching his scabs. And round
he goes to Bob Doran that was standing Alf a half one sucking up for what he
could get. So of course Bob Doran starts doing the bloody fool with him:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Give us the paw! Give the paw, doggy! Good old doggy! Give the paw here!
Give us the paw!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Arrah, bloody end to the paw he’d paw and Alf trying to keep him from tumbling
off the bloody stool atop of the bloody old dog and he talking all kinds of
drivel about training by kindness and thoroughbred dog and intelligent dog:
give you the bloody pip. Then he starts scraping a few bits of old biscuit out
of the bottom of a Jacobs’ tin he told Terry to bring. Gob, he golloped it down
like old boots and his tongue hanging out of him a yard long for more. Near ate
the tin and all, hungry bloody mongrel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And the citizen and Bloom having an argument about the point, the brothers
Sheares and Wolfe Tone beyond on Arbour Hill and Robert Emmet and die for your
country, the Tommy Moore touch about Sara Curran and she’s far from the land.
And Bloom, of course, with his knockmedown cigar putting on swank with his
lardy face. Phenomenon! The fat heap he married is a nice old phenomenon with a
back on her like a ballalley. Time they were stopping up in the <em>City
Arms</em> pisser Burke told me there was an old one there with a cracked
loodheramaun of a nephew and Bloom trying to get the soft side of her doing the
mollycoddle playing bézique to come in for a bit of the wampum in her will and
not eating meat of a Friday because the old one was always thumping her craw
and taking the lout out for a walk. And one time he led him the rounds of
Dublin and, by the holy farmer, he never cried crack till he brought him home
as drunk as a boiled owl and he said he did it to teach him the evils of
alcohol and by herrings, if the three women didn’t near roast him, it’s a queer
story, the old one, Bloom’s wife and Mrs O’Dowd that kept the hotel. Jesus, I
had to laugh at pisser Burke taking them off chewing the fat. And Bloom with
his <em>but don’t you see?</em> and <em>but on the other hand</em>. And sure, more
be token, the lout I’m told was in Power’s after, the blender’s, round in Cope
street going home footless in a cab five times in the week after drinking his
way through all the samples in the bloody establishment. Phenomenon!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The memory of the dead, says the citizen taking up his pintglass and
glaring at Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, ay, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You don’t grasp my point, says Bloom. What I mean is...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Sinn Fein!</em> says the citizen. <em>Sinn Fein amhain!</em> The friends
we love are by our side and the foes we hate before us.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The last farewell was affecting in the extreme. From the belfries far and near
the funereal deathbell tolled unceasingly while all around the gloomy precincts
rolled the ominous warning of a hundred muffled drums punctuated by the hollow
booming of pieces of ordnance. The deafening claps of thunder and the dazzling
flashes of lightning which lit up the ghastly scene testified that the
artillery of heaven had lent its supernatural pomp to the already gruesome
spectacle. A torrential rain poured down from the floodgates of the angry
heavens upon the bared heads of the assembled multitude which numbered at the
lowest computation five hundred thousand persons. A posse of Dublin
Metropolitan police superintended by the Chief Commissioner in person
maintained order in the vast throng for whom the York street brass and reed
band whiled away the intervening time by admirably rendering on their
blackdraped instruments the matchless melody endeared to us from the cradle by
Speranza’s plaintive muse. Special quick excursion trains and upholstered
charabancs had been provided for the comfort of our country cousins of whom
there were large contingents. Considerable amusement was caused by the
favourite Dublin streetsingers L-n-h-n and M-ll-g-n who sang <em>The Night
before Larry was stretched</em> in their usual mirth-provoking fashion. Our two
inimitable drolls did a roaring trade with their broadsheets among lovers of
the comedy element and nobody who has a corner in his heart for real Irish fun
without vulgarity will grudge them their hardearned pennies. The children of
the Male and Female Foundling Hospital who thronged the windows overlooking the
scene were delighted with this unexpected addition to the day’s entertainment
and a word of praise is due to the Little Sisters of the Poor for their
excellent idea of affording the poor fatherless and motherless children a
genuinely instructive treat. The viceregal houseparty which included many
wellknown ladies was chaperoned by Their Excellencies to the most favourable
positions on the grandstand while the picturesque foreign delegation known as
the Friends of the Emerald Isle was accommodated on a tribune directly
opposite. The delegation, present in full force, consisted of Commendatore
Bacibaci Beninobenone (the semiparalysed <em>doyen</em> of the party who had to
be assisted to his seat by the aid of a powerful steam crane), Monsieur
Pierrepaul Petitépatant, the Grandjoker Vladinmire Pokethankertscheff, the
Archjoker Leopold Rudolph von Schwanzenbad-Hodenthaler, Countess Marha Virága
Kisászony Putrápesthi, Hiram Y. Bomboost, Count Athanatos Karamelopulos, Ali
Baba Backsheesh Rahat Lokum Effendi, Señor Hidalgo Caballero Don Pecadillo y
Palabras y Paternoster de la Malora de la Malaria, Hokopoko Harakiri, Hi Hung
Chang, Olaf Kobberkeddelsen, Mynheer Trik van Trumps, Pan Poleaxe Paddyrisky,
Goosepond Prhklstr Kratchinabritchisitch, Borus Hupinkoff, Herr
Hurhausdirektorpresident Hans Chuechli-Steuerli,
Nationalgymnasiummuseumsanatoriumandsuspensoriumsordinaryprivatdocentgeneralhistoryspecialprofessordoctor
Kriegfried Ueberallgemein. All the delegates without exception expressed
themselves in the strongest possible heterogeneous terms concerning the
nameless barbarity which they had been called upon to witness. An animated
altercation (in which all took part) ensued among the F. O. T. E. I. as to
whether the eighth or the ninth of March was the correct date of the birth of
Ireland’s patron saint. In the course of the argument cannonballs, scimitars,
boomerangs, blunderbusses, stinkpots, meatchoppers, umbrellas, catapults,
knuckledusters, sandbags, lumps of pig iron were resorted to and blows were
freely exchanged. The baby policeman, Constable MacFadden, summoned by special
courier from Booterstown, quickly restored order and with lightning promptitude
proposed the seventeenth of the month as a solution equally honourable for both
contending parties. The readywitted ninefooter’s suggestion at once appealed to
all and was unanimously accepted. Constable MacFadden was heartily
congratulated by all the F. O. T. E. I., several of whom were bleeding
profusely. Commendatore Beninobenone having been extricated from underneath the
presidential armchair, it was explained by his legal adviser Avvocato Pagamimi
that the various articles secreted in his thirtytwo pockets had been abstracted
by him during the affray from the pockets of his junior colleagues in the hope
of bringing them to their senses. The objects (which included several hundred
ladies’ and gentlemen’s gold and silver watches) were promptly restored to
their rightful owners and general harmony reigned supreme.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Quietly, unassumingly Rumbold stepped on to the scaffold in faultless morning
dress and wearing his favourite flower, the <em>Gladiolus Cruentus</em>. He
announced his presence by that gentle Rumboldian cough which so many have tried
(unsuccessfully) to imitate—short, painstaking yet withal so
characteristic of the man. The arrival of the worldrenowned headsman was
greeted by a roar of acclamation from the huge concourse, the viceregal ladies
waving their handkerchiefs in their excitement while the even more excitable
foreign delegates cheered vociferously in a medley of cries, <em>hoch, banzai,
eljen, zivio, chinchin, polla kronia, hiphip, vive, Allah</em>, amid which the
ringing <em>evviva</em> of the delegate of the land of song (a high double F
recalling those piercingly lovely notes with which the eunuch Catalani
beglamoured our greatgreatgrandmothers) was easily distinguishable. It was
exactly seventeen o’clock. The signal for prayer was then promptly given by
megaphone and in an instant all heads were bared, the commendatore’s
patriarchal sombrero, which has been in the possession of his family since the
revolution of Rienzi, being removed by his medical adviser in attendance, Dr
Pippi. The learned prelate who administered the last comforts of holy religion
to the hero martyr when about to pay the death penalty knelt in a most
christian spirit in a pool of rainwater, his cassock above his hoary head, and
offered up to the throne of grace fervent prayers of supplication. Hard by the
block stood the grim figure of the executioner, his visage being concealed in a
tengallon pot with two circular perforated apertures through which his eyes
glowered furiously. As he awaited the fatal signal he tested the edge of his
horrible weapon by honing it upon his brawny forearm or decapitated in rapid
succession a flock of sheep which had been provided by the admirers of his fell
but necessary office. On a handsome mahogany table near him were neatly
arranged the quartering knife, the various finely tempered disembowelling
appliances (specially supplied by the worldfamous firm of cutlers, Messrs John
Round and Sons, Sheffield), a terra cotta saucepan for the reception of the
duodenum, colon, blind intestine and appendix etc when successfully extracted
and two commodious milkjugs destined to receive the most precious blood of the
most precious victim. The housesteward of the amalgamated cats’ and dogs’ home
was in attendance to convey these vessels when replenished to that beneficent
institution. Quite an excellent repast consisting of rashers and eggs, fried
steak and onions, done to a nicety, delicious hot breakfast rolls and
invigorating tea had been considerately provided by the authorities for the
consumption of the central figure of the tragedy who was in capital spirits
when prepared for death and evinced the keenest interest in the proceedings
from beginning to end but he, with an abnegation rare in these our times, rose
nobly to the occasion and expressed the dying wish (immediately acceded to)
that the meal should be divided in aliquot parts among the members of the sick
and indigent roomkeepers’ association as a token of his regard and esteem. The
<em>nec</em> and <em>non plus ultra</em> of emotion were reached when the blushing
bride elect burst her way through the serried ranks of the bystanders and flung
herself upon the muscular bosom of him who was about to be launched into
eternity for her sake. The hero folded her willowy form in a loving embrace
murmuring fondly <em>Sheila, my own</em>. Encouraged by this use of her christian
name she kissed passionately all the various suitable areas of his person which
the decencies of prison garb permitted her ardour to reach. She swore to him as
they mingled the salt streams of their tears that she would ever cherish his
memory, that she would never forget her hero boy who went to his death with a
song on his lips as if he were but going to a hurling match in Clonturk park.
She brought back to his recollection the happy days of blissful childhood
together on the banks of Anna Liffey when they had indulged in the innocent
pastimes of the young and, oblivious of the dreadful present, they both laughed
heartily, all the spectators, including the venerable pastor, joining in the
general merriment. That monster audience simply rocked with delight. But anon
they were overcome with grief and clasped their hands for the last time. A
fresh torrent of tears burst from their lachrymal ducts and the vast concourse
of people, touched to the inmost core, broke into heartrending sobs, not the
least affected being the aged prebendary himself. Big strong men, officers of
the peace and genial giants of the royal Irish constabulary, were making frank
use of their handkerchiefs and it is safe to say that there was not a dry eye
in that record assemblage. A most romantic incident occurred when a handsome
young Oxford graduate, noted for his chivalry towards the fair sex, stepped
forward and, presenting his visiting card, bankbook and genealogical tree,
solicited the hand of the hapless young lady, requesting her to name the day,
and was accepted on the spot. Every lady in the audience was presented with a
tasteful souvenir of the occasion in the shape of a skull and crossbones
brooch, a timely and generous act which evoked a fresh outburst of emotion: and
when the gallant young Oxonian (the bearer, by the way, of one of the most
timehonoured names in Albion’s history) placed on the finger of his blushing
<em>fiancée</em> an expensive engagement ring with emeralds set in the form of a
fourleaved shamrock the excitement knew no bounds. Nay, even the stern
provostmarshal, lieutenantcolonel Tomkin-Maxwell ffrenchmullan Tomlinson, who
presided on the sad occasion, he who had blown a considerable number of sepoys
from the cannonmouth without flinching, could not now restrain his natural
emotion. With his mailed gauntlet he brushed away a furtive tear and was
overheard, by those privileged burghers who happened to be in his immediate
<em>entourage,</em> to murmur to himself in a faltering undertone:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—God blimey if she aint a clinker, that there bleeding tart. Blimey it
makes me kind of bleeding cry, straight, it does, when I sees her cause I
thinks of my old mashtub what’s waiting for me down Limehouse way.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So then the citizen begins talking about the Irish language and the corporation
meeting and all to that and the shoneens that can’t speak their own language
and Joe chipping in because he stuck someone for a quid and Bloom putting in
his old goo with his twopenny stump that he cadged off of Joe and talking about
the Gaelic league and the antitreating league and drink, the curse of Ireland.
Antitreating is about the size of it. Gob, he’d let you pour all manner of
drink down his throat till the Lord would call him before you’d ever see the
froth of his pint. And one night I went in with a fellow into one of their
musical evenings, song and dance about she could get up on a truss of hay she
could my Maureen Lay and there was a fellow with a Ballyhooly blue ribbon badge
spiffing out of him in Irish and a lot of colleen bawns going about with
temperance beverages and selling medals and oranges and lemonade and a few old
dry buns, gob, flahoolagh entertainment, don’t be talking. Ireland sober is
Ireland free. And then an old fellow starts blowing into his bagpipes and all
the gougers shuffling their feet to the tune the old cow died of. And one or
two sky pilots having an eye around that there was no goings on with the
females, hitting below the belt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So howandever, as I was saying, the old dog seeing the tin was empty starts
mousing around by Joe and me. I’d train him by kindness, so I would, if he was
my dog. Give him a rousing fine kick now and again where it wouldn’t blind him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Afraid he’ll bite you? says the citizen, jeering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, says I. But he might take my leg for a lamppost.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So he calls the old dog over.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s on you, Garry? says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then he starts hauling and mauling and talking to him in Irish and the old
towser growling, letting on to answer, like a duet in the opera. Such growling
you never heard as they let off between them. Someone that has nothing better
to do ought to write a letter <em>pro bono publico</em> to the papers about the
muzzling order for a dog the like of that. Growling and grousing and his eye
all bloodshot from the drouth is in it and the hydrophobia dropping out of his
jaws.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All those who are interested in the spread of human culture among the lower
animals (and their name is legion) should make a point of not missing the
really marvellous exhibition of cynanthropy given by the famous old Irish red
setter wolfdog formerly known by the <em>sobriquet</em> of Garryowen and recently
rechristened by his large circle of friends and acquaintances Owen Garry. The
exhibition, which is the result of years of training by kindness and a
carefully thoughtout dietary system, comprises, among other achievements, the
recitation of verse. Our greatest living phonetic expert (wild horses shall not
drag it from us!) has left no stone unturned in his efforts to delucidate and
compare the verse recited and has found it bears a <em>striking</em> resemblance
(the italics are ours) to the ranns of ancient Celtic bards. We are not
speaking so much of those delightful lovesongs with which the writer who
conceals his identity under the graceful pseudonym of the Little Sweet Branch
has familiarised the bookloving world but rather (as a contributor D. O. C.
points out in an interesting communication published by an evening
contemporary) of the harsher and more personal note which is found in the
satirical effusions of the famous Raftery and of Donal MacConsidine to say
nothing of a more modern lyrist at present very much in the public eye. We
subjoin a specimen which has been rendered into English by an eminent scholar
whose name for the moment we are not at liberty to disclose though we believe
that our readers will find the topical allusion rather more than an indication.
The metrical system of the canine original, which recalls the intricate
alliterative and isosyllabic rules of the Welsh englyn, is infinitely more
complicated but we believe our readers will agree that the spirit has been well
caught. Perhaps it should be added that the effect is greatly increased if
Owen’s verse be spoken somewhat slowly and indistinctly in a tone suggestive of
suppressed rancour.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The curse of my curses<br/>Seven days every day<br/>And seven dry Thursdays<br/>On you, Barney Kiernan,<br/>Has no sup of water<br/>To cool my courage,<br/>And my guts red roaring<br/>After Lowry’s lights.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So he told Terry to bring some water for the dog and, gob, you could hear him
lapping it up a mile off. And Joe asked him would he have another.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I will, says he, <em>a chara</em>, to show there’s no ill feeling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gob, he’s not as green as he’s cabbagelooking. Arsing around from one pub to
another, leaving it to your own honour, with old Giltrap’s dog and getting fed
up by the ratepayers and corporators. Entertainment for man and beast. And says
Joe:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Could you make a hole in another pint?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Could a swim duck? says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Same again, Terry, says Joe. Are you sure you won’t have anything in the
way of liquid refreshment? says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thank you, no, says Bloom. As a matter of fact I just wanted to meet
Martin Cunningham, don’t you see, about this insurance of poor Dignam’s. Martin
asked me to go to the house. You see, he, Dignam, I mean, didn’t serve any
notice of the assignment on the company at the time and nominally under the act
the mortgagee can’t recover on the policy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Holy Wars, says Joe, laughing, that’s a good one if old Shylock is
landed. So the wife comes out top dog, what?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, that’s a point, says Bloom, for the wife’s admirers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Whose admirers? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The wife’s advisers, I mean, says Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then he starts all confused mucking it up about mortgagor under the act like
the lord chancellor giving it out on the bench and for the benefit of the wife
and that a trust is created but on the other hand that Dignam owed Bridgeman
the money and if now the wife or the widow contested the mortgagee’s right till
he near had the head of me addled with his mortgagor under the act. He was
bloody safe he wasn’t run in himself under the act that time as a rogue and
vagabond only he had a friend in court. Selling bazaar tickets or what do you
call it royal Hungarian privileged lottery. True as you’re there. O, commend me
to an israelite! Royal and privileged Hungarian robbery.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So Bob Doran comes lurching around asking Bloom to tell Mrs Dignam he was sorry
for her trouble and he was very sorry about the funeral and to tell her that he
said and everyone who knew him said that there was never a truer, a finer than
poor little Willy that’s dead to tell her. Choking with bloody foolery. And
shaking Bloom’s hand doing the tragic to tell her that. Shake hands, brother.
You’re a rogue and I’m another.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Let me, said he, so far presume upon our acquaintance which, however
slight it may appear if judged by the standard of mere time, is founded, as I
hope and believe, on a sentiment of mutual esteem as to request of you this
favour. But, should I have overstepped the limits of reserve let the sincerity
of my feelings be the excuse for my boldness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, rejoined the other, I appreciate to the full the motives which
actuate your conduct and I shall discharge the office you entrust to me
consoled by the reflection that, though the errand be one of sorrow, this proof
of your confidence sweetens in some measure the bitterness of the cup.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Then suffer me to take your hand, said he. The goodness of your heart, I
feel sure, will dictate to you better than my inadequate words the expressions
which are most suitable to convey an emotion whose poignancy, were I to give
vent to my feelings, would deprive me even of speech.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And off with him and out trying to walk straight. Boosed at five o’clock. Night
he was near being lagged only Paddy Leonard knew the bobby, 14A. Blind to the
world up in a shebeen in Bride street after closing time, fornicating with two
shawls and a bully on guard, drinking porter out of teacups. And calling
himself a Frenchy for the shawls, Joseph Manuo, and talking against the
Catholic religion, and he serving mass in Adam and Eve’s when he was young with
his eyes shut, who wrote the new testament, and the old testament, and hugging
and smugging. And the two shawls killed with the laughing, picking his pockets,
the bloody fool and he spilling the porter all over the bed and the two shawls
screeching laughing at one another. <em>How is your testament? Have you got an
old testament?</em> Only Paddy was passing there, I tell you what. Then see him
of a Sunday with his little concubine of a wife, and she wagging her tail up
the aisle of the chapel with her patent boots on her, no less, and her violets,
nice as pie, doing the little lady. Jack Mooney’s sister. And the old
prostitute of a mother procuring rooms to street couples. Gob, Jack made him
toe the line. Told him if he didn’t patch up the pot, Jesus, he’d kick the
shite out of him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So Terry brought the three pints.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Here, says Joe, doing the honours. Here, citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Slan leat</em>, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Fortune, Joe, says I. Good health, citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gob, he had his mouth half way down the tumbler already. Want a small fortune
to keep him in drinks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who is the long fellow running for the mayoralty, Alf? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Friend of yours, says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Nannan? says Joe. The mimber?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I won’t mention any names, says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I thought so, says Joe. I saw him up at that meeting now with William
Field, M. P., the cattle traders.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hairy Iopas, says the citizen, that exploded volcano, the darling of all
countries and the idol of his own.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So Joe starts telling the citizen about the foot and mouth disease and the
cattle traders and taking action in the matter and the citizen sending them all
to the rightabout and Bloom coming out with his sheepdip for the scab and a
hoose drench for coughing calves and the guaranteed remedy for timber tongue.
Because he was up one time in a knacker’s yard. Walking about with his book and
pencil here’s my head and my heels are coming till Joe Cuffe gave him the order
of the boot for giving lip to a grazier. Mister Knowall. Teach your grandmother
how to milk ducks. Pisser Burke was telling me in the hotel the wife used to be
in rivers of tears some times with Mrs O’Dowd crying her eyes out with her
eight inches of fat all over her. Couldn’t loosen her farting strings but old
cod’s eye was waltzing around her showing her how to do it. What’s your
programme today? Ay. Humane methods. Because the poor animals suffer and
experts say and the best known remedy that doesn’t cause pain to the animal and
on the sore spot administer gently. Gob, he’d have a soft hand under a hen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ga Ga Gara. Klook Klook Klook. Black Liz is our hen. She lays eggs for us. When
she lays her egg she is so glad. Gara. Klook Klook Klook. Then comes good uncle
Leo. He puts his hand under black Liz and takes her fresh egg. Ga ga ga ga
Gara. Klook Klook Klook.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Anyhow, says Joe, Field and Nannetti are going over tonight to London to
ask about it on the floor of the house of commons.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you sure, says Bloom, the councillor is going? I wanted to see him,
as it happens.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, he’s going off by the mailboat, says Joe, tonight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s too bad, says Bloom. I wanted particularly. Perhaps only Mr Field
is going. I couldn’t phone. No. You’re sure?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Nannan’s going too, says Joe. The league told him to ask a question
tomorrow about the commissioner of police forbidding Irish games in the park.
What do you think of that, citizen? <em>The Sluagh na h-Eireann</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Cowe Conacre (Multifarnham. Nat.): Arising out of the question of my
honourable friend, the member for Shillelagh, may I ask the right honourable
gentleman whether the government has issued orders that these animals shall be
slaughtered though no medical evidence is forthcoming as to their pathological
condition?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Allfours (Tamoshant. Con.): Honourable members are already in possession of
the evidence produced before a committee of the whole house. I feel I cannot
usefully add anything to that. The answer to the honourable member’s question
is in the affirmative.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Orelli O’Reilly (Montenotte. Nat.): Have similar orders been issued for the
slaughter of human animals who dare to play Irish games in the Phoenix park?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Allfours: The answer is in the negative.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Cowe Conacre: Has the right honourable gentleman’s famous Mitchelstown
telegram inspired the policy of gentlemen on the Treasury bench? (O! O!)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Allfours: I must have notice of that question.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Staylewit (Buncombe. Ind.): Don’t hesitate to shoot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(Ironical opposition cheers.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The speaker: Order! Order!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(The house rises. Cheers.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There’s the man, says Joe, that made the Gaelic sports revival. There he
is sitting there. The man that got away James Stephens. The champion of all
Ireland at putting the sixteen pound shot. What was your best throw, citizen?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Na bacleis</em>, says the citizen, letting on to be modest. There was
a time I was as good as the next fellow anyhow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Put it there, citizen, says Joe. You were and a bloody sight better.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is that really a fact? says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, says Bloom. That’s well known. Did you not know that?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So off they started about Irish sports and shoneen games the like of lawn
tennis and about hurley and putting the stone and racy of the soil and building
up a nation once again and all to that. And of course Bloom had to have his say
too about if a fellow had a rower’s heart violent exercise was bad. I declare
to my antimacassar if you took up a straw from the bloody floor and if you said
to Bloom: <em>Look at, Bloom. Do you see that straw? That’s a straw</em>. Declare
to my aunt he’d talk about it for an hour so he would and talk steady.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A most interesting discussion took place in the ancient hall of <em>Brian
O’Ciarnain’s</em> in <em>Sraid na Bretaine Bheag</em>, under the auspices of
<em>Sluagh na h-Eireann</em>, on the revival of ancient Gaelic sports and the
importance of physical culture, as understood in ancient Greece and ancient
Rome and ancient Ireland, for the development of the race. The venerable
president of the noble order was in the chair and the attendance was of large
dimensions. After an instructive discourse by the chairman, a magnificent
oration eloquently and forcibly expressed, a most interesting and instructive
discussion of the usual high standard of excellence ensued as to the
desirability of the revivability of the ancient games and sports of our ancient
Panceltic forefathers. The wellknown and highly respected worker in the cause
of our old tongue, Mr Joseph M’Carthy Hynes, made an eloquent appeal for the
resuscitation of the ancient Gaelic sports and pastimes, practised morning and
evening by Finn MacCool, as calculated to revive the best traditions of manly
strength and prowess handed down to us from ancient ages. L. Bloom, who met
with a mixed reception of applause and hisses, having espoused the negative the
vocalist chairman brought the discussion to a close, in response to repeated
requests and hearty plaudits from all parts of a bumper house, by a remarkably
noteworthy rendering of the immortal Thomas Osborne Davis’ evergreen verses
(happily too familiar to need recalling here) <em>A nation once again</em> in the
execution of which the veteran patriot champion may be said without fear of
contradiction to have fairly excelled himself. The Irish Caruso-Garibaldi was
in superlative form and his stentorian notes were heard to the greatest
advantage in the timehonoured anthem sung as only our citizen can sing it. His
superb highclass vocalism, which by its superquality greatly enhanced his
already international reputation, was vociferously applauded by the large
audience among which were to be noticed many prominent members of the clergy as
well as representatives of the press and the bar and the other learned
professions. The proceedings then terminated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Amongst the clergy present were the very rev. William Delany, S. J., L. L. D.;
the rt rev. Gerald Molloy, D. D.; the rev. P. J. Kavanagh, C. S. Sp.; the rev.
T. Waters, C. C.; the rev. John M. Ivers, P. P.; the rev. P. J. Cleary, O. S.
F.; the rev. L. J. Hickey, O. P.; the very rev. Fr. Nicholas, O. S. F. C.; the
very rev. B. Gorman, O. D. C.; the rev. T. Maher, S. J.; the very rev. James
Murphy, S. J.; the rev. John Lavery, V. F.; the very rev. William Doherty, D.
D.; the rev. Peter Fagan, O. M.; the rev. T. Brangan, O. S. A.; the rev. J.
Flavin, C. C.; the rev. M. A. Hackett, C. C.; the rev. W. Hurley, C. C.; the rt
rev. Mgr M’Manus, V. G.; the rev. B. R. Slattery, O. M. I.; the very rev. M. D.
Scally, P. P.; the rev. F. T. Purcell, O. P.; the very rev. Timothy canon
Gorman, P. P.; the rev. J. Flanagan, C. C. The laity included P. Fay, T.
Quirke, etc., etc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Talking about violent exercise, says Alf, were you at that Keogh-Bennett
match?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I heard So and So made a cool hundred quid over it, says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who? Blazes? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And says Bloom:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What I meant about tennis, for example, is the agility and training the
eye.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, Blazes, says Alf. He let out that Myler was on the beer to run up
the odds and he swatting all the time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We know him, says the citizen. The traitor’s son. We know what put
English gold in his pocket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—True for you, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And Bloom cuts in again about lawn tennis and the circulation of the blood,
asking Alf:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Now, don’t you think, Bergan?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Myler dusted the floor with him, says Alf. Heenan and Sayers was only a
bloody fool to it. Handed him the father and mother of a beating. See the
little kipper not up to his navel and the big fellow swiping. God, he gave him
one last puck in the wind, Queensberry rules and all, made him puke what he
never ate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was a historic and a hefty battle when Myler and Percy were scheduled to don
the gloves for the purse of fifty sovereigns. Handicapped as he was by lack of
poundage, Dublin’s pet lamb made up for it by superlative skill in ringcraft.
The final bout of fireworks was a gruelling for both champions. The
welterweight sergeantmajor had tapped some lively claret in the previous mixup
during which Keogh had been receivergeneral of rights and lefts, the
artilleryman putting in some neat work on the pet’s nose, and Myler came on
looking groggy. The soldier got to business, leading off with a powerful left
jab to which the Irish gladiator retaliated by shooting out a stiff one flush
to the point of Bennett’s jaw. The redcoat ducked but the Dubliner lifted him
with a left hook, the body punch being a fine one. The men came to handigrips.
Myler quickly became busy and got his man under, the bout ending with the
bulkier man on the ropes, Myler punishing him. The Englishman, whose right eye
was nearly closed, took his corner where he was liberally drenched with water
and when the bell went came on gamey and brimful of pluck, confident of
knocking out the fistic Eblanite in jigtime. It was a fight to a finish and the
best man for it. The two fought like tigers and excitement ran fever high. The
referee twice cautioned Pucking Percy for holding but the pet was tricky and
his footwork a treat to watch. After a brisk exchange of courtesies during
which a smart upper cut of the military man brought blood freely from his
opponent’s mouth the lamb suddenly waded in all over his man and landed a
terrific left to Battling Bennett’s stomach, flooring him flat. It was a
knockout clean and clever. Amid tense expectation the Portobello bruiser was
being counted out when Bennett’s second Ole Pfotts Wettstein threw in the towel
and the Santry boy was declared victor to the frenzied cheers of the public who
broke through the ringropes and fairly mobbed him with delight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He knows which side his bread is buttered, says Alf. I hear he’s running
a concert tour now up in the north.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He is, says Joe. Isn’t he?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who? says Bloom. Ah, yes. That’s quite true. Yes, a kind of summer tour,
you see. Just a holiday.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mrs B. is the bright particular star, isn’t she? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—My wife? says Bloom. She’s singing, yes. I think it will be a success
too. He’s an excellent man to organise. Excellent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hoho begob says I to myself says I. That explains the milk in the cocoanut and
absence of hair on the animal’s chest. Blazes doing the tootle on the flute.
Concert tour. Dirty Dan the dodger’s son off Island bridge that sold the same
horses twice over to the government to fight the Boers. Old Whatwhat. I called
about the poor and water rate, Mr Boylan. You what? The water rate, Mr Boylan.
You whatwhat? That’s the bucko that’ll organise her, take my tip. ’Twixt me and
you Caddareesh.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pride of Calpe’s rocky mount, the ravenhaired daughter of Tweedy. There grew
she to peerless beauty where loquat and almond scent the air. The gardens of
Alameda knew her step: the garths of olives knew and bowed. The chaste spouse
of Leopold is she: Marion of the bountiful bosoms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And lo, there entered one of the clan of the O’Molloy’s, a comely hero of white
face yet withal somewhat ruddy, his majesty’s counsel learned in the law, and
with him the prince and heir of the noble line of Lambert.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Ned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Jack.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hello, Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—God save you, says the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Save you kindly, says J. J. What’ll it be, Ned?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Half one, says Ned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So J. J. ordered the drinks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Were you round at the court? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, says J. J. He’ll square that, Ned, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hope so, says Ned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Now what were those two at? J. J. getting him off the grand jury list and the
other give him a leg over the stile. With his name in Stubbs’s. Playing cards,
hobnobbing with flash toffs with a swank glass in their eye, adrinking fizz and
he half smothered in writs and garnishee orders. Pawning his gold watch in
Cummins of Francis street where no-one would know him in the private office
when I was there with Pisser releasing his boots out of the pop. What’s your
name, sir? Dunne, says he. Ay, and done says I. Gob, he’ll come home by weeping
cross one of those days, I’m thinking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did you see that bloody lunatic Breen round there? says Alf. U. p: up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, says J. J. Looking for a private detective.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, says Ned. And he wanted right go wrong to address the court only
Corny Kelleher got round him telling him to get the handwriting examined first.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ten thousand pounds, says Alf, laughing. God, I’d give anything to hear
him before a judge and jury.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Was it you did it, Alf? says Joe. The truth, the whole truth and nothing
but the truth, so help you Jimmy Johnson.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Me? says Alf. Don’t cast your nasturtiums on my character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Whatever statement you make, says Joe, will be taken down in evidence
against you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Of course an action would lie, says J. J. It implies that he is not
<em>compos mentis</em>. U. p: up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Compos</em> your eye! says Alf, laughing. Do you know that he’s balmy?
Look at his head. Do you know that some mornings he has to get his hat on with
a shoehorn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, says J. J., but the truth of a libel is no defence to an indictment
for publishing it in the eyes of the law.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ha ha, Alf, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Still, says Bloom, on account of the poor woman, I mean his wife.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pity about her, says the citizen. Or any other woman marries a half and
half.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How half and half? says Bloom. Do you mean he...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Half and half I mean, says the citizen. A fellow that’s neither fish nor
flesh.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Nor good red herring, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That what’s I mean, says the citizen. A pishogue, if you know what that
is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Begob I saw there was trouble coming. And Bloom explaining he meant on account
of it being cruel for the wife having to go round after the old stuttering
fool. Cruelty to animals so it is to let that bloody povertystricken Breen out
on grass with his beard out tripping him, bringing down the rain. And she with
her nose cockahoop after she married him because a cousin of his old fellow’s
was pewopener to the pope. Picture of him on the wall with his Smashall
Sweeney’s moustaches, the signior Brini from Summerhill, the eyetallyano, papal
Zouave to the Holy Father, has left the quay and gone to Moss street. And who
was he, tell us? A nobody, two pair back and passages, at seven shillings a
week, and he covered with all kinds of breastplates bidding defiance to the
world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And moreover, says J. J., a postcard is publication. It was held to be
sufficient evidence of malice in the testcase Sadgrove v. Hole. In my opinion
an action might lie.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-13.htm.html"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-13.htm.html_pgepubid00078" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Six and eightpence, please. Who wants your opinion? Let us drink our pints in
peace. Gob, we won’t be let even do that much itself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, good health, Jack, says Ned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Good health, Ned, says J. J.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—-There he is again, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where? says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And begob there he was passing the door with his books under his oxter and the
wife beside him and Corny Kelleher with his wall eye looking in as they went
past, talking to him like a father, trying to sell him a secondhand coffin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How did that Canada swindle case go off? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Remanded, says J. J.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One of the bottlenosed fraternity it was went by the name of James Wought alias
Saphiro alias Spark and Spiro, put an ad in the papers saying he’d give a
passage to Canada for twenty bob. What? Do you see any green in the white of my
eye? Course it was a bloody barney. What? Swindled them all, skivvies and
badhachs from the county Meath, ay, and his own kidney too. J. J. was telling
us there was an ancient Hebrew Zaretsky or something weeping in the witnessbox
with his hat on him, swearing by the holy Moses he was stuck for two quid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who tried the case? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Recorder, says Ned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Poor old sir Frederick, says Alf, you can cod him up to the two eyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Heart as big as a lion, says Ned. Tell him a tale of woe about arrears
of rent and a sick wife and a squad of kids and, faith, he’ll dissolve in tears
on the bench.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, says Alf. Reuben J was bloody lucky he didn’t clap him in the dock
the other day for suing poor little Gumley that’s minding stones, for the
corporation there near Butt bridge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And he starts taking off the old recorder letting on to cry:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A most scandalous thing! This poor hardworking man! How many children?
Ten, did you say?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, your worship. And my wife has the typhoid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And the wife with typhoid fever! Scandalous! Leave the court
immediately, sir. No, sir, I’ll make no order for payment. How dare you, sir,
come up before me and ask me to make an order! A poor hardworking industrious
man! I dismiss the case.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And whereas on the sixteenth day of the month of the oxeyed goddess and in the
third week after the feastday of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, the daughter
of the skies, the virgin moon being then in her first quarter, it came to pass
that those learned judges repaired them to the halls of law. There master
Courtenay, sitting in his own chamber, gave his rede and master Justice
Andrews, sitting without a jury in the probate court, weighed well and pondered
the claim of the first chargeant upon the property in the matter of the will
propounded and final testamentary disposition <em>in re</em> the real and
personal estate of the late lamented Jacob Halliday, vintner, deceased, versus
Livingstone, an infant, of unsound mind, and another. And to the solemn court
of Green street there came sir Frederick the Falconer. And he sat him there
about the hour of five o’clock to administer the law of the brehons at the
commission for all that and those parts to be holden in and for the county of
the city of Dublin. And there sat with him the high sinhedrim of the twelve
tribes of Iar, for every tribe one man, of the tribe of Patrick and of the
tribe of Hugh and of the tribe of Owen and of the tribe of Conn and of the
tribe of Oscar and of the tribe of Fergus and of the tribe of Finn and of the
tribe of Dermot and of the tribe of Cormac and of the tribe of Kevin and of the
tribe of Caolte and of the tribe of Ossian, there being in all twelve good men
and true. And he conjured them by Him who died on rood that they should well
and truly try and true deliverance make in the issue joined between their
sovereign lord the king and the prisoner at the bar and true verdict give
according to the evidence so help them God and kiss the book. And they rose in
their seats, those twelve of Iar, and they swore by the name of Him Who is from
everlasting that they would do His rightwiseness. And straightway the minions
of the law led forth from their donjon keep one whom the sleuthhounds of
justice had apprehended in consequence of information received. And they
shackled him hand and foot and would take of him ne bail ne mainprise but
preferred a charge against him for he was a malefactor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Those are nice things, says the citizen, coming over here to Ireland
filling the country with bugs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So Bloom lets on he heard nothing and he starts talking with Joe, telling him
he needn’t trouble about that little matter till the first but if he would just
say a word to Mr Crawford. And so Joe swore high and holy by this and by that
he’d do the devil and all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Because, you see, says Bloom, for an advertisement you must have
repetition. That’s the whole secret.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Rely on me, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Swindling the peasants, says the citizen, and the poor of Ireland. We
want no more strangers in our house.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, I’m sure that will be all right, Hynes, says Bloom. It’s just that
Keyes, you see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Consider that done, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Very kind of you, says Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The strangers, says the citizen. Our own fault. We let them come in. We
brought them in. The adulteress and her paramour brought the Saxon robbers
here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Decree <em>nisi,</em> says J. J.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And Bloom letting on to be awfully deeply interested in nothing, a spider’s web
in the corner behind the barrel, and the citizen scowling after him and the old
dog at his feet looking up to know who to bite and when.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A dishonoured wife, says the citizen, that’s what’s the cause of all our
misfortunes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And here she is, says Alf, that was giggling over the <em>Police
Gazette</em> with Terry on the counter, in all her warpaint.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Give us a squint at her, says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And what was it only one of the smutty yankee pictures Terry borrows off of
Corny Kelleher. Secrets for enlarging your private parts. Misconduct of society
belle. Norman W. Tupper, wealthy Chicago contractor, finds pretty but faithless
wife in lap of officer Taylor. Belle in her bloomers misconducting herself, and
her fancyman feeling for her tickles and Norman W. Tupper bouncing in with his
peashooter just in time to be late after she doing the trick of the loop with
officer Taylor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O jakers, Jenny, says Joe, how short your shirt is!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There’s hair, Joe, says I. Get a queer old tailend of corned beef off of
that one, what?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So anyhow in came John Wyse Nolan and Lenehan with him with a face on him as
long as a late breakfast.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, says the citizen, what’s the latest from the scene of action? What
did those tinkers in the city hall at their caucus meeting decide about the
Irish language?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O’Nolan, clad in shining armour, low bending made obeisance to the puissant and
high and mighty chief of all Erin and did him to wit of that which had
befallen, how that the grave elders of the most obedient city, second of the
realm, had met them in the tholsel, and there, after due prayers to the gods
who dwell in ether supernal, had taken solemn counsel whereby they might, if so
be it might be, bring once more into honour among mortal men the winged speech
of the seadivided Gael.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s on the march, says the citizen. To hell with the bloody brutal
Sassenachs and their <em>patois.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So J. J. puts in a word, doing the toff about one story was good till you heard
another and blinking facts and the Nelson policy, putting your blind eye to the
telescope and drawing up a bill of attainder to impeach a nation, and Bloom
trying to back him up moderation and botheration and their colonies and their
civilisation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Their syphilisation, you mean, says the citizen. To hell with them! The
curse of a goodfornothing God light sideways on the bloody thicklugged sons of
whores’ gets! No music and no art and no literature worthy of the name. Any
civilisation they have they stole from us. Tonguetied sons of bastards’ ghosts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The European family, says J. J....</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They’re not European, says the citizen. I was in Europe with Kevin Egan
of Paris. You wouldn’t see a trace of them or their language anywhere in Europe
except in a <em>cabinet d’aisance.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And says John Wyse:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Full many a flower is born to blush unseen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And says Lenehan that knows a bit of the lingo:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Conspuez les Anglais! Perfide Albion!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He said and then lifted he in his rude great brawny strengthy hands the medher
of dark strong foamy ale and, uttering his tribal slogan <em>Lamh Dearg Abu</em>,
he drank to the undoing of his foes, a race of mighty valorous heroes, rulers
of the waves, who sit on thrones of alabaster silent as the deathless gods.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s up with you, says I to Lenehan. You look like a fellow that had
lost a bob and found a tanner.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Gold cup, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who won, Mr Lenehan? says Terry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Throwaway,</em> says he, at twenty to one. A rank outsider. And the
rest nowhere.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And Bass’s mare? says Terry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Still running, says he. We’re all in a cart. Boylan plunged two quid on
my tip <em>Sceptre</em> for himself and a lady friend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I had half a crown myself, says Terry, on <em>Zinfandel</em> that Mr Flynn
gave me. Lord Howard de Walden’s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Twenty to one, says Lenehan. Such is life in an outhouse.
<em>Throwaway,</em> says he. Takes the biscuit, and talking about bunions.
Frailty, thy name is <em>Sceptre.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So he went over to the biscuit tin Bob Doran left to see if there was anything
he could lift on the nod, the old cur after him backing his luck with his mangy
snout up. Old Mother Hubbard went to the cupboard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Not there, my child, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Keep your pecker up, says Joe. She’d have won the money only for the
other dog.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And J. J. and the citizen arguing about law and history with Bloom sticking in
an odd word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Some people, says Bloom, can see the mote in others’ eyes but they can’t
see the beam in their own.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Raimeis</em>, says the citizen. There’s no-one as blind as the fellow
that won’t see, if you know what that means. Where are our missing twenty
millions of Irish should be here today instead of four, our lost tribes? And
our potteries and textiles, the finest in the whole world! And our wool that
was sold in Rome in the time of Juvenal and our flax and our damask from the
looms of Antrim and our Limerick lace, our tanneries and our white flint glass
down there by Ballybough and our Huguenot poplin that we have since Jacquard de
Lyon and our woven silk and our Foxford tweeds and ivory raised point from the
Carmelite convent in New Ross, nothing like it in the whole wide world. Where
are the Greek merchants that came through the pillars of Hercules, the
Gibraltar now grabbed by the foe of mankind, with gold and Tyrian purple to
sell in Wexford at the fair of Carmen? Read Tacitus and Ptolemy, even Giraldus
Cambrensis. Wine, peltries, Connemara marble, silver from Tipperary, second to
none, our farfamed horses even today, the Irish hobbies, with king Philip of
Spain offering to pay customs duties for the right to fish in our waters. What
do the yellowjohns of Anglia owe us for our ruined trade and our ruined
hearths? And the beds of the Barrow and Shannon they won’t deepen with millions
of acres of marsh and bog to make us all die of consumption?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—As treeless as Portugal we’ll be soon, says John Wyse, or Heligoland
with its one tree if something is not done to reafforest the land. Larches,
firs, all the trees of the conifer family are going fast. I was reading a
report of lord Castletown’s...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Save them, says the citizen, the giant ash of Galway and the chieftain
elm of Kildare with a fortyfoot bole and an acre of foliage. Save the trees of
Ireland for the future men of Ireland on the fair hills of Eire, O.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Europe has its eyes on you, says Lenehan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fashionable international world attended <em>en masse</em> this afternoon at
the wedding of the chevalier Jean Wyse de Neaulan, grand high chief ranger of
the Irish National Foresters, with Miss Fir Conifer of Pine Valley. Lady
Sylvester Elmshade, Mrs Barbara Lovebirch, Mrs Poll Ash, Mrs Holly Hazeleyes,
Miss Daphne Bays, Miss Dorothy Canebrake, Mrs Clyde Twelvetrees, Mrs Rowan
Greene, Mrs Helen Vinegadding, Miss Virginia Creeper, Miss Gladys Beech, Miss
Olive Garth, Miss Blanche Maple, Mrs Maud Mahogany, Miss Myra Myrtle, Miss
Priscilla Elderflower, Miss Bee Honeysuckle, Miss Grace Poplar, Miss O Mimosa
San, Miss Rachel Cedarfrond, the Misses Lilian and Viola Lilac, Miss Timidity
Aspenall, Mrs Kitty Dewey-Mosse, Miss May Hawthorne, Mrs Gloriana Palme, Mrs
Liana Forrest, Mrs Arabella Blackwood and Mrs Norma Holyoake of Oakholme Regis
graced the ceremony by their presence. The bride who was given away by her
father, the M’Conifer of the Glands, looked exquisitely charming in a creation
carried out in green mercerised silk, moulded on an underslip of gloaming grey,
sashed with a yoke of broad emerald and finished with a triple flounce of
darkerhued fringe, the scheme being relieved by bretelles and hip insertions of
acorn bronze. The maids of honour, Miss Larch Conifer and Miss Spruce Conifer,
sisters of the bride, wore very becoming costumes in the same tone, a dainty
<em>motif</em> of plume rose being worked into the pleats in a pinstripe and
repeated capriciously in the jadegreen toques in the form of heron feathers of
paletinted coral. Senhor Enrique Flor presided at the organ with his wellknown
ability and, in addition to the prescribed numbers of the nuptial mass, played
a new and striking arrangement of <em>Woodman, spare that tree</em> at the
conclusion of the service. On leaving the church of Saint Fiacre <em>in
Horto</em> after the papal blessing the happy pair were subjected to a playful
crossfire of hazelnuts, beechmast, bayleaves, catkins of willow, ivytod,
hollyberries, mistletoe sprigs and quicken shoots. Mr and Mrs Wyse Conifer
Neaulan will spend a quiet honeymoon in the Black Forest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And our eyes are on Europe, says the citizen. We had our trade with
Spain and the French and with the Flemings before those mongrels were pupped,
Spanish ale in Galway, the winebark on the winedark waterway.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And will again, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And with the help of the holy mother of God we will again, says the
citizen, clapping his thigh. Our harbours that are empty will be full again,
Queenstown, Kinsale, Galway, Blacksod Bay, Ventry in the kingdom of Kerry,
Killybegs, the third largest harbour in the wide world with a fleet of masts of
the Galway Lynches and the Cavan O’Reillys and the O’Kennedys of Dublin when
the earl of Desmond could make a treaty with the emperor Charles the Fifth
himself. And will again, says he, when the first Irish battleship is seen
breasting the waves with our own flag to the fore, none of your Henry Tudor’s
harps, no, the oldest flag afloat, the flag of the province of Desmond and
Thomond, three crowns on a blue field, the three sons of Milesius.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And he took the last swig out of the pint. Moya. All wind and piss like a
tanyard cat. Cows in Connacht have long horns. As much as his bloody life is
worth to go down and address his tall talk to the assembled multitude in
Shanagolden where he daren’t show his nose with the Molly Maguires looking for
him to let daylight through him for grabbing the holding of an evicted tenant.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hear, hear to that, says John Wyse. What will you have?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—An imperial yeomanry, says Lenehan, to celebrate the occasion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Half one, Terry, says John Wyse, and a hands up. Terry! Are you asleep?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir, says Terry. Small whisky and bottle of Allsop. Right, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hanging over the bloody paper with Alf looking for spicy bits instead of
attending to the general public. Picture of a butting match, trying to crack
their bloody skulls, one chap going for the other with his head down like a
bull at a gate. And another one: <em>Black Beast Burned in Omaha, Ga</em>. A lot
of Deadwood Dicks in slouch hats and they firing at a Sambo strung up in a tree
with his tongue out and a bonfire under him. Gob, they ought to drown him in
the sea after and electrocute and crucify him to make sure of their job.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But what about the fighting navy, says Ned, that keeps our foes at bay?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ll tell you what about it, says the citizen. Hell upon earth it is.
Read the revelations that’s going on in the papers about flogging on the
training ships at Portsmouth. A fellow writes that calls himself <em>Disgusted
One</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So he starts telling us about corporal punishment and about the crew of tars
and officers and rearadmirals drawn up in cocked hats and the parson with his
protestant bible to witness punishment and a young lad brought out, howling for
his ma, and they tie him down on the buttend of a gun.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A rump and dozen, says the citizen, was what that old ruffian sir John
Beresford called it but the modern God’s Englishman calls it caning on the
breech.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And says John Wyse:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—’Tis a custom more honoured in the breach than in the observance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then he was telling us the master at arms comes along with a long cane and he
draws out and he flogs the bloody backside off of the poor lad till he yells
meila murder.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s your glorious British navy, says the citizen, that bosses the
earth. The fellows that never will be slaves, with the only hereditary chamber
on the face of God’s earth and their land in the hands of a dozen gamehogs and
cottonball barons. That’s the great empire they boast about of drudges and
whipped serfs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—On which the sun never rises, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And the tragedy of it is, says the citizen, they believe it. The
unfortunate yahoos believe it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They believe in rod, the scourger almighty, creator of hell upon earth, and in
Jacky Tar, the son of a gun, who was conceived of unholy boast, born of the
fighting navy, suffered under rump and dozen, was scarified, flayed and
curried, yelled like bloody hell, the third day he arose again from the bed,
steered into haven, sitteth on his beamend till further orders whence he shall
come to drudge for a living and be paid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But, says Bloom, isn’t discipline the same everywhere. I mean wouldn’t
it be the same here if you put force against force?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Didn’t I tell you? As true as I’m drinking this porter if he was at his last
gasp he’d try to downface you that dying was living.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We’ll put force against force, says the citizen. We have our greater
Ireland beyond the sea. They were driven out of house and home in the black 47.
Their mudcabins and their shielings by the roadside were laid low by the
batteringram and the <em>Times</em> rubbed its hands and told the whitelivered
Saxons there would soon be as few Irish in Ireland as redskins in America. Even
the Grand Turk sent us his piastres. But the Sassenach tried to starve the
nation at home while the land was full of crops that the British hyenas bought
and sold in Rio de Janeiro. Ay, they drove out the peasants in hordes. Twenty
thousand of them died in the coffinships. But those that came to the land of
the free remember the land of bondage. And they will come again and with a
vengeance, no cravens, the sons of Granuaile, the champions of Kathleen ni
Houlihan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Perfectly true, says Bloom. But my point was...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We are a long time waiting for that day, citizen, says Ned. Since the
poor old woman told us that the French were on the sea and landed at Killala.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, says John Wyse. We fought for the royal Stuarts that reneged us
against the Williamites and they betrayed us. Remember Limerick and the broken
treatystone. We gave our best blood to France and Spain, the wild geese.
Fontenoy, eh? And Sarsfield and O’Donnell, duke of Tetuan in Spain, and Ulysses
Browne of Camus that was fieldmarshal to Maria Teresa. But what did we ever get
for it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The French! says the citizen. Set of dancing masters! Do you know what
it is? They were never worth a roasted fart to Ireland. Aren’t they trying to
make an <em>Entente cordiale</em> now at Tay Pay’s dinnerparty with perfidious
Albion? Firebrands of Europe and they always were.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Conspuez les Français</em>, says Lenehan, nobbling his beer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And as for the Prooshians and the Hanoverians, says Joe, haven’t we had
enough of those sausageeating bastards on the throne from George the elector
down to the German lad and the flatulent old bitch that’s dead?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jesus, I had to laugh at the way he came out with that about the old one with
the winkers on her, blind drunk in her royal palace every night of God, old
Vic, with her jorum of mountain dew and her coachman carting her up body and
bones to roll into bed and she pulling him by the whiskers and singing him old
bits of songs about <em>Ehren on the Rhine</em> and come where the boose is
cheaper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, says J. J. We have Edward the peacemaker now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tell that to a fool, says the citizen. There’s a bloody sight more pox
than pax about that boyo. Edward Guelph-Wettin!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And what do you think, says Joe, of the holy boys, the priests and
bishops of Ireland doing up his room in Maynooth in His Satanic Majesty’s
racing colours and sticking up pictures of all the horses his jockeys rode. The
earl of Dublin, no less.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They ought to have stuck up all the women he rode himself, says little
Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And says J. J.:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Considerations of space influenced their lordships’ decision.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Will you try another, citizen? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, sir, says he. I will.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Beholden to you, Joe, says I. May your shadow never grow less.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Repeat that dose, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom was talking and talking with John Wyse and he quite excited with his
dunducketymudcoloured mug on him and his old plumeyes rolling about.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Persecution, says he, all the history of the world is full of it.
Perpetuating national hatred among nations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But do you know what a nation means? says John Wyse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, says Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is it? says John Wyse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A nation? says Bloom. A nation is the same people living in the same
place.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—By God, then, says Ned, laughing, if that’s so I’m a nation for I’m
living in the same place for the past five years.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So of course everyone had the laugh at Bloom and says he, trying to muck out of
it:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Or also living in different places.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That covers my case, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What is your nation if I may ask? says the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ireland, says Bloom. I was born here. Ireland.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The citizen said nothing only cleared the spit out of his gullet and, gob, he
spat a Red bank oyster out of him right in the corner.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—After you with the push, Joe, says he, taking out his handkerchief to
swab himself dry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Here you are, citizen, says Joe. Take that in your right hand and repeat
after me the following words.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The muchtreasured and intricately embroidered ancient Irish facecloth
attributed to Solomon of Droma and Manus Tomaltach og MacDonogh, authors of the
Book of Ballymote, was then carefully produced and called forth prolonged
admiration. No need to dwell on the legendary beauty of the cornerpieces, the
acme of art, wherein one can distinctly discern each of the four evangelists in
turn presenting to each of the four masters his evangelical symbol, a bogoak
sceptre, a North American puma (a far nobler king of beasts than the British
article, be it said in passing), a Kerry calf and a golden eagle from
Carrantuohill. The scenes depicted on the emunctory field, showing our ancient
duns and raths and cromlechs and grianauns and seats of learning and
maledictive stones, are as wonderfully beautiful and the pigments as delicate
as when the Sligo illuminators gave free rein to their artistic fantasy long
long ago in the time of the Barmecides. Glendalough, the lovely lakes of
Killarney, the ruins of Clonmacnois, Cong Abbey, Glen Inagh and the Twelve
Pins, Ireland’s Eye, the Green Hills of Tallaght, Croagh Patrick, the brewery
of Messrs Arthur Guinness, Son and Company (Limited), Lough Neagh’s banks, the
vale of Ovoca, Isolde’s tower, the Mapas obelisk, Sir Patrick Dun’s hospital,
Cape Clear, the glen of Aherlow, Lynch’s castle, the Scotch house, Rathdown
Union Workhouse at Loughlinstown, Tullamore jail, Castleconnel rapids,
Kilballymacshonakill, the cross at Monasterboice, Jury’s Hotel, S. Patrick’s
Purgatory, the Salmon Leap, Maynooth college refectory, Curley’s hole, the
three birthplaces of the first duke of Wellington, the rock of Cashel, the bog
of Allen, the Henry Street Warehouse, Fingal’s Cave—all these moving
scenes are still there for us today rendered more beautiful still by the waters
of sorrow which have passed over them and by the rich incrustations of time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Show us over the drink, says I. Which is which?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s mine, says Joe, as the devil said to the dead policeman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And I belong to a race too, says Bloom, that is hated and persecuted.
Also now. This very moment. This very instant.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gob, he near burnt his fingers with the butt of his old cigar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Robbed, says he. Plundered. Insulted. Persecuted. Taking what belongs to
us by right. At this very moment, says he, putting up his fist, sold by auction
in Morocco like slaves or cattle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you talking about the new Jerusalem? says the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m talking about injustice, says Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Right, says John Wyse. Stand up to it then with force like men.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That’s an almanac picture for you. Mark for a softnosed bullet. Old lardyface
standing up to the business end of a gun. Gob, he’d adorn a sweepingbrush, so
he would, if he only had a nurse’s apron on him. And then he collapses all of a
sudden, twisting around all the opposite, as limp as a wet rag.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But it’s no use, says he. Force, hatred, history, all that. That’s not
life for men and women, insult and hatred. And everybody knows that it’s the
very opposite of that that is really life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What? says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Love, says Bloom. I mean the opposite of hatred. I must go now, says he
to John Wyse. Just round to the court a moment to see if Martin is there. If he
comes just say I’ll be back in a second. Just a moment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Who’s hindering you? And off he pops like greased lightning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A new apostle to the gentiles, says the citizen. Universal love.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, says John Wyse. Isn’t that what we’re told. Love your neighbour.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That chap? says the citizen. Beggar my neighbour is his motto. Love,
moya! He’s a nice pattern of a Romeo and Juliet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Love loves to love love. Nurse loves the new chemist. Constable 14A loves Mary
Kelly. Gerty MacDowell loves the boy that has the bicycle. M. B. loves a fair
gentleman. Li Chi Han lovey up kissy Cha Pu Chow. Jumbo, the elephant, loves
Alice, the elephant. Old Mr Verschoyle with the ear trumpet loves old Mrs
Verschoyle with the turnedin eye. The man in the brown macintosh loves a lady
who is dead. His Majesty the King loves Her Majesty the Queen. Mrs Norman W.
Tupper loves officer Taylor. You love a certain person. And this person loves
that other person because everybody loves somebody but God loves everybody.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, Joe, says I, your very good health and song. More power, citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Hurrah, there, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The blessing of God and Mary and Patrick on you, says the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And he ups with his pint to wet his whistle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We know those canters, says he, preaching and picking your pocket. What
about sanctimonious Cromwell and his ironsides that put the women and children
of Drogheda to the sword with the bible text <em>God is love</em> pasted round
the mouth of his cannon? The bible! Did you read that skit in the <em>United
Irishman</em> today about that Zulu chief that’s visiting England?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s that? says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So the citizen takes up one of his paraphernalia papers and he starts reading
out:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A delegation of the chief cotton magnates of Manchester was presented
yesterday to His Majesty the Alaki of Abeakuta by Gold Stick in Waiting, Lord
Walkup of Walkup on Eggs, to tender to His Majesty the heartfelt thanks of
British traders for the facilities afforded them in his dominions. The
delegation partook of luncheon at the conclusion of which the dusky potentate,
in the course of a happy speech, freely translated by the British chaplain, the
reverend Ananias Praisegod Barebones, tendered his best thanks to Massa Walkup
and emphasised the cordial relations existing between Abeakuta and the British
empire, stating that he treasured as one of his dearest possessions an
illuminated bible, the volume of the word of God and the secret of England’s
greatness, graciously presented to him by the white chief woman, the great
squaw Victoria, with a personal dedication from the august hand of the Royal
Donor. The Alaki then drank a lovingcup of firstshot usquebaugh to the toast
<em>Black and White</em> from the skull of his immediate predecessor in the
dynasty Kakachakachak, surnamed Forty Warts, after which he visited the chief
factory of Cottonopolis and signed his mark in the visitors’ book, subsequently
executing a charming old Abeakutic wardance, in the course of which he
swallowed several knives and forks, amid hilarious applause from the girl
hands.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Widow woman, says Ned. I wouldn’t doubt her. Wonder did he put that
bible to the same use as I would.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Same only more so, says Lenehan. And thereafter in that fruitful land
the broadleaved mango flourished exceedingly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is that by Griffith? says John Wyse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, says the citizen. It’s not signed Shanganagh. It’s only initialled:
P.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And a very good initial too, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s how it’s worked, says the citizen. Trade follows the flag.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, says J. J., if they’re any worse than those Belgians in the Congo
Free State they must be bad. Did you read that report by a man what’s this his
name is?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Casement, says the citizen. He’s an Irishman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, that’s the man, says J. J. Raping the women and girls and flogging
the natives on the belly to squeeze all the red rubber they can out of them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I know where he’s gone, says Lenehan, cracking his fingers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who? says I.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bloom, says he. The courthouse is a blind. He had a few bob on
<em>Throwaway</em> and he’s gone to gather in the shekels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is it that whiteeyed kaffir? says the citizen, that never backed a horse
in anger in his life?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s where he’s gone, says Lenehan. I met Bantam Lyons going to back
that horse only I put him off it and he told me Bloom gave him the tip. Bet you
what you like he has a hundred shillings to five on. He’s the only man in
Dublin has it. A dark horse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s a bloody dark horse himself, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mind, Joe, says I. Show us the entrance out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There you are, says Terry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Goodbye Ireland I’m going to Gort. So I just went round the back of the yard to
pumpship and begob (hundred shillings to five) while I was letting off my
<em>(Throwaway</em> twenty to) letting off my load gob says I to myself I knew he
was uneasy in his (two pints off of Joe and one in Slattery’s off) in his mind
to get off the mark to (hundred shillings is five quid) and when they were in
the (dark horse) pisser Burke was telling me card party and letting on the
child was sick (gob, must have done about a gallon) flabbyarse of a wife
speaking down the tube <em>she’s better</em> or <em>she’s</em> (ow!) all a plan so
he could vamoose with the pool if he won or (Jesus, full up I was) trading
without a licence (ow!) Ireland my nation says he (hoik! phthook!) never be up
to those bloody (there’s the last of it) Jerusalem (ah!) cuckoos.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So anyhow when I got back they were at it dingdong, John Wyse saying it was
Bloom gave the ideas for Sinn Fein to Griffith to put in his paper all kinds of
jerrymandering, packed juries and swindling the taxes off of the government and
appointing consuls all over the world to walk about selling Irish industries.
Robbing Peter to pay Paul. Gob, that puts the bloody kybosh on it if old sloppy
eyes is mucking up the show. Give us a bloody chance. God save Ireland from the
likes of that bloody mouseabout. Mr Bloom with his argol bargol. And his old
fellow before him perpetrating frauds, old Methusalem Bloom, the robbing
bagman, that poisoned himself with the prussic acid after he swamping the
country with his baubles and his penny diamonds. Loans by post on easy terms.
Any amount of money advanced on note of hand. Distance no object. No security.
Gob, he’s like Lanty MacHale’s goat that’d go a piece of the road with every
one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, it’s a fact, says John Wyse. And there’s the man now that’ll tell
you all about it, Martin Cunningham.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sure enough the castle car drove up with Martin on it and Jack Power with him
and a fellow named Crofter or Crofton, pensioner out of the collector
general’s, an orangeman Blackburn does have on the registration and he drawing
his pay or Crawford gallivanting around the country at the king’s expense.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Our travellers reached the rustic hostelry and alighted from their palfreys.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ho, varlet! cried he, who by his mien seemed the leader of the party.
Saucy knave! To us!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So saying he knocked loudly with his swordhilt upon the open lattice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mine host came forth at the summons, girding him with his tabard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Give you good den, my masters, said he with an obsequious bow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bestir thyself, sirrah! cried he who had knocked. Look to our steeds.
And for ourselves give us of your best for ifaith we need it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Lackaday, good masters, said the host, my poor house has but a bare
larder. I know not what to offer your lordships.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—How now, fellow? cried the second of the party, a man of pleasant
countenance, So servest thou the king’s messengers, master Taptun?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An instantaneous change overspread the landlord’s visage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Cry you mercy, gentlemen, he said humbly. An you be the king’s
messengers (God shield His Majesty!) you shall not want for aught. The king’s
friends (God bless His Majesty!) shall not go afasting in my house I warrant
me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Then about! cried the traveller who had not spoken, a lusty trencherman
by his aspect. Hast aught to give us?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mine host bowed again as he made answer:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What say you, good masters, to a squab pigeon pasty, some collops of
venison, a saddle of veal, widgeon with crisp hog’s bacon, a boar’s head with
pistachios, a bason of jolly custard, a medlar tansy and a flagon of old
Rhenish?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Gadzooks! cried the last speaker. That likes me well. Pistachios!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Aha! cried he of the pleasant countenance. A poor house and a bare
larder, quotha! ’Tis a merry rogue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So in comes Martin asking where was Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Where is he? says Lenehan. Defrauding widows and orphans.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Isn’t that a fact, says John Wyse, what I was telling the citizen about
Bloom and the Sinn Fein?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s so, says Martin. Or so they allege.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who made those allegations? says Alf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I, says Joe. I’m the alligator.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And after all, says John Wyse, why can’t a jew love his country like the
next fellow?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why not? says J. J., when he’s quite sure which country it is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is he a jew or a gentile or a holy Roman or a swaddler or what the hell
is he? says Ned. Or who is he? No offence, Crofton.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who is Junius? says J. J.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We don’t want him, says Crofter the Orangeman or presbyterian.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s a perverted jew, says Martin, from a place in Hungary and it was he
drew up all the plans according to the Hungarian system. We know that in the
castle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Isn’t he a cousin of Bloom the dentist? says Jack Power.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Not at all, says Martin. Only namesakes. His name was Virag, the
father’s name that poisoned himself. He changed it by deedpoll, the father did.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s the new Messiah for Ireland! says the citizen. Island of saints
and sages!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, they’re still waiting for their redeemer, says Martin. For that
matter so are we.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, says J. J., and every male that’s born they think it may be their
Messiah. And every jew is in a tall state of excitement, I believe, till he
knows if he’s a father or a mother.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Expecting every moment will be his next, says Lenehan.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, by God, says Ned, you should have seen Bloom before that son of his
that died was born. I met him one day in the south city markets buying a tin of
Neave’s food six weeks before the wife was delivered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>En ventre sa mère</em>, says J. J.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you call that a man? says the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I wonder did he ever put it out of sight, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, there were two children born anyhow, says Jack Power.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And who does he suspect? says the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gob, there’s many a true word spoken in jest. One of those mixed middlings he
is. Lying up in the hotel Pisser was telling me once a month with headache like
a totty with her courses. Do you know what I’m telling you? It’d be an act of
God to take a hold of a fellow the like of that and throw him in the bloody
sea. Justifiable homicide, so it would. Then sloping off with his five quid
without putting up a pint of stuff like a man. Give us your blessing. Not as
much as would blind your eye.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Charity to the neighbour, says Martin. But where is he? We can’t wait.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A wolf in sheep’s clothing, says the citizen. That’s what he is. Virag
from Hungary! Ahasuerus I call him. Cursed by God.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Have you time for a brief libation, Martin? says Ned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Only one, says Martin. We must be quick. J. J. and S.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You, Jack? Crofton? Three half ones, Terry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Saint Patrick would want to land again at Ballykinlar and convert us,
says the citizen, after allowing things like that to contaminate our shores.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, says Martin, rapping for his glass. God bless all here is my
prayer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Amen, says the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And I’m sure He will, says Joe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And at the sound of the sacring bell, headed by a crucifer with acolytes,
thurifers, boatbearers, readers, ostiarii, deacons and subdeacons, the blessed
company drew nigh of mitred abbots and priors and guardians and monks and
friars: the monks of Benedict of Spoleto, Carthusians and Camaldolesi,
Cistercians and Olivetans, Oratorians and Vallombrosans, and the friars of
Augustine, Brigittines, Premonstratensians, Servi, Trinitarians, and the
children of Peter Nolasco: and therewith from Carmel mount the children of
Elijah prophet led by Albert bishop and by Teresa of Avila, calced and other:
and friars, brown and grey, sons of poor Francis, capuchins, cordeliers,
minimes and observants and the daughters of Clara: and the sons of Dominic, the
friars preachers, and the sons of Vincent: and the monks of S. Wolstan: and
Ignatius his children: and the confraternity of the christian brothers led by
the reverend brother Edmund Ignatius Rice. And after came all saints and
martyrs, virgins and confessors: S. Cyr and S. Isidore Arator and S. James the
Less and S. Phocas of Sinope and S. Julian Hospitator and S. Felix de Cantalice
and S. Simon Stylites and S. Stephen Protomartyr and S. John of God and S.
Ferreol and S. Leugarde and S. Theodotus and S. Vulmar and S. Richard and S.
Vincent de Paul and S. Martin of Todi and S. Martin of Tours and S. Alfred and
S. Joseph and S. Denis and S. Cornelius and S. Leopold and S. Bernard and S.
Terence and S. Edward and S. Owen Caniculus and S. Anonymous and S. Eponymous
and S. Pseudonymous and S. Homonymous and S. Paronymous and S. Synonymous and
S. Laurence O’Toole and S. James of Dingle and Compostella and S. Columcille
and S. Columba and S. Celestine and S. Colman and S. Kevin and S. Brendan and
S. Frigidian and S. Senan and S. Fachtna and S. Columbanus and S. Gall and S.
Fursey and S. Fintan and S. Fiacre and S. John Nepomuc and S. Thomas Aquinas
and S. Ives of Brittany and S. Michan and S. Herman-Joseph and the three
patrons of holy youth S. Aloysius Gonzaga and S. Stanislaus Kostka and S. John
Berchmans and the saints Gervasius, Servasius and Bonifacius and S. Bride and
S. Kieran and S. Canice of Kilkenny and S. Jarlath of Tuam and S. Finbarr and
S. Pappin of Ballymun and Brother Aloysius Pacificus and Brother Louis
Bellicosus and the saints Rose of Lima and of Viterbo and S. Martha of Bethany
and S. Mary of Egypt and S. Lucy and S. Brigid and S. Attracta and S. Dympna
and S. Ita and S. Marion Calpensis and the Blessed Sister Teresa of the Child
Jesus and S. Barbara and S. Scholastica and S. Ursula with eleven thousand
virgins. And all came with nimbi and aureoles and gloriae, bearing palms and
harps and swords and olive crowns, in robes whereon were woven the blessed
symbols of their efficacies, inkhorns, arrows, loaves, cruses, fetters, axes,
trees, bridges, babes in a bathtub, shells, wallets, shears, keys, dragons,
lilies, buckshot, beards, hogs, lamps, bellows, beehives, soupladles, stars,
snakes, anvils, boxes of vaseline, bells, crutches, forceps, stags’ horns,
watertight boots, hawks, millstones, eyes on a dish, wax candles, aspergills,
unicorns. And as they wended their way by Nelson’s Pillar, Henry street, Mary
street, Capel street, Little Britain street chanting the introit in
<em>Epiphania Domini</em> which beginneth <em>Surge, illuminare</em> and thereafter
most sweetly the gradual <em>Omnes</em> which saith <em>de Saba venient</em> they
did divers wonders such as casting out devils, raising the dead to life,
multiplying fishes, healing the halt and the blind, discovering various
articles which had been mislaid, interpreting and fulfilling the scriptures,
blessing and prophesying. And last, beneath a canopy of cloth of gold came the
reverend Father O’Flynn attended by Malachi and Patrick. And when the good
fathers had reached the appointed place, the house of Bernard Kiernan and Co,
limited, 8, 9 and 10 little Britain street, wholesale grocers, wine and brandy
shippers, licensed for the sale of beer, wine and spirits for consumption on
the premises, the celebrant blessed the house and censed the mullioned windows
and the groynes and the vaults and the arrises and the capitals and the
pediments and the cornices and the engrailed arches and the spires and the
cupolas and sprinkled the lintels thereof with blessed water and prayed that
God might bless that house as he had blessed the house of Abraham and Isaac and
Jacob and make the angels of His light to inhabit therein. And entering he
blessed the viands and the beverages and the company of all the blessed
answered his prayers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Adiutorium nostrum in nomine Domini.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Qui fecit cœlum et terram.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Dominus vobiscum.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Et cum spiritu tuo.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And he laid his hands upon that he blessed and gave thanks and he prayed and
they all with him prayed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Deus, cuius verbo sanctificantur omnia, benedictionem tuam effunde
super creaturas istas: et praesta ut quisquis eis secundum legem et voluntatem
Tuam cum gratiarum actione usus fuerit per invocationem sanctissimi nominis Tui
corporis sanitatem et animæ tutelam Te auctore percipiat per Christum Dominum
nostrum.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And so say all of us, says Jack.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thousand a year, Lambert, says Crofton or Crawford.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Right, says Ned, taking up his John Jameson. And butter for fish.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I was just looking around to see who the happy thought would strike when be
damned but in he comes again letting on to be in a hell of a hurry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I was just round at the courthouse, says he, looking for you. I hope I’m
not...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—No, says Martin, we’re ready.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Courthouse my eye and your pockets hanging down with gold and silver. Mean
bloody scut. Stand us a drink itself. Devil a sweet fear! There’s a jew for
you! All for number one. Cute as a shithouse rat. Hundred to five.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Don’t tell anyone, says the citizen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Beg your pardon, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come on boys, says Martin, seeing it was looking blue. Come along now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Don’t tell anyone, says the citizen, letting a bawl out of him. It’s a
secret.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And the bloody dog woke up and let a growl.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bye bye all, says Martin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And he got them out as quick as he could, Jack Power and Crofton or whatever
you call him and him in the middle of them letting on to be all at sea and up
with them on the bloody jaunting car.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Off with you, says Martin to the jarvey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The milkwhite dolphin tossed his mane and, rising in the golden poop the
helmsman spread the bellying sail upon the wind and stood off forward with all
sail set, the spinnaker to larboard. A many comely nymphs drew nigh to
starboard and to larboard and, clinging to the sides of the noble bark, they
linked their shining forms as doth the cunning wheelwright when he fashions
about the heart of his wheel the equidistant rays whereof each one is sister to
another and he binds them all with an outer ring and giveth speed to the feet
of men whenas they ride to a hosting or contend for the smile of ladies fair.
Even so did they come and set them, those willing nymphs, the undying sisters.
And they laughed, sporting in a circle of their foam: and the bark clave the
waves.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But begob I was just lowering the heel of the pint when I saw the citizen
getting up to waddle to the door, puffing and blowing with the dropsy, and he
cursing the curse of Cromwell on him, bell, book and candle in Irish, spitting
and spatting out of him and Joe and little Alf round him like a leprechaun
trying to peacify him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Let me alone, says he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And begob he got as far as the door and they holding him and he bawls out of
him:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Three cheers for Israel!</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Arrah, sit down on the parliamentary side of your arse for Christ’ sake and
don’t be making a public exhibition of yourself. Jesus, there’s always some
bloody clown or other kicking up a bloody murder about bloody nothing. Gob,
it’d turn the porter sour in your guts, so it would.</p>
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<p>And all the ragamuffins and sluts of the nation round the door and Martin
telling the jarvey to drive ahead and the citizen bawling and Alf and Joe at
him to whisht and he on his high horse about the jews and the loafers calling
for a speech and Jack Power trying to get him to sit down on the car and hold
his bloody jaw and a loafer with a patch over his eye starts singing <em>If the
man in the moon was a jew, jew, jew</em> and a slut shouts out of her:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Eh, mister! Your fly is open, mister!</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And says he:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mendelssohn was a jew and Karl Marx and Mercadante and Spinoza. And the
Saviour was a jew and his father was a jew. Your God.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He had no father, says Martin. That’ll do now. Drive ahead.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Whose God? says the citizen.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Well, his uncle was a jew, says he. Your God was a jew. Christ was a jew
like me.</p>
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<p>Gob, the citizen made a plunge back into the shop.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—By Jesus, says he, I’ll brain that bloody jewman for using the holy
name.
By Jesus, I’ll crucify him so I will. Give us that biscuitbox here.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Stop! Stop! says Joe.</p>
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<p>A large and appreciative gathering of friends and acquaintances from the
metropolis and greater Dublin assembled in their thousands to bid farewell to
Nagyaságos uram Lipóti Virag, late of Messrs Alexander Thom’s, printers to His
Majesty, on the occasion of his departure for the distant clime of
Százharminczbrojúgulyás-Dugulás (Meadow of Murmuring Waters). The ceremony
which went off with great <em>éclat</em> was characterised by the most affecting
cordiality. An illuminated scroll of ancient Irish vellum, the work of Irish
artists, was presented to the distinguished phenomenologist on behalf of a
large section of the community and was accompanied by the gift of a silver
casket, tastefully executed in the style of ancient Celtic ornament, a work
which reflects every credit on the makers, Messrs Jacob <em>agus</em> Jacob. The
departing guest was the recipient of a hearty ovation, many of those who were
present being visibly moved when the select orchestra of Irish pipes struck up
the wellknown strains of <em>Come Back to Erin</em>, followed immediately by
<em>Rakóczsy’s March</em>. Tarbarrels and bonfires were lighted along the
coastline of the four seas on the summits of the Hill of Howth, Three Rock
Mountain, Sugarloaf, Bray Head, the mountains of Mourne, the Galtees, the Ox
and Donegal and Sperrin peaks, the Nagles and the Bograghs, the Connemara
hills, the reeks of M’Gillicuddy, Slieve Aughty, Slieve Bernagh and Slieve
Bloom. Amid cheers that rent the welkin, responded to by answering cheers from
a big muster of henchmen on the distant Cambrian and Caledonian hills, the
mastodontic pleasureship slowly moved away saluted by a final floral tribute
from the representatives of the fair sex who were present in large numbers
while, as it proceeded down the river, escorted by a flotilla of barges, the
flags of the Ballast office and Custom House were dipped in salute as were also
those of the electrical power station at the Pigeonhouse and the Poolbeg Light.
<em>Visszontlátásra, kedvés barátom! Visszontlátásra!</em> Gone but not
forgotten.</p>
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<p>Gob, the devil wouldn’t stop him till he got hold of the bloody tin anyhow and
out with him and little Alf hanging on to his elbow and he shouting like a
stuck pig, as good as any bloody play in the Queen’s royal theatre:</p>
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<p>—Where is he till I murder him?</p>
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<p>And Ned and J. J. paralysed with the laughing.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bloody wars, says I, I’ll be in for the last gospel.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But as luck would have it the jarvey got the nag’s head round the other way and
off with him.</p>
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<p>—Hold on, citizen, says Joe. Stop!</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Begob he drew his hand and made a swipe and let fly. Mercy of God the sun was
in his eyes or he’d have left him for dead. Gob, he near sent it into the
county Longford. The bloody nag took fright and the old mongrel after the car
like bloody hell and all the populace shouting and laughing and the old tinbox
clattering along the street.</p>
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<p>The catastrophe was terrific and instantaneous in its effect. The observatory
of Dunsink registered in all eleven shocks, all of the fifth grade of
Mercalli’s scale, and there is no record extant of a similar seismic
disturbance in our island since the earthquake of 1534, the year of the
rebellion of Silken Thomas. The epicentre appears to have been that part of the
metropolis which constitutes the Inn’s Quay ward and parish of Saint Michan
covering a surface of fortyone acres, two roods and one square pole or perch.
All the lordly residences in the vicinity of the palace of justice were
demolished and that noble edifice itself, in which at the time of the
catastrophe important legal debates were in progress, is literally a mass of
ruins beneath which it is to be feared all the occupants have been buried
alive. From the reports of eyewitnesses it transpires that the seismic waves
were accompanied by a violent atmospheric perturbation of cyclonic character.
An article of headgear since ascertained to belong to the much respected clerk
of the crown and peace Mr George Fottrell and a silk umbrella with gold handle
with the engraved initials, crest, coat of arms and house number of the erudite
and worshipful chairman of quarter sessions sir Frederick Falkiner, recorder of
Dublin, have been discovered by search parties in remote parts of the island
respectively, the former on the third basaltic ridge of the giant’s causeway,
the latter embedded to the extent of one foot three inches in the sandy beach
of Holeopen bay near the old head of Kinsale. Other eyewitnesses depose that
they observed an incandescent object of enormous proportions hurtling through
the atmosphere at a terrifying velocity in a trajectory directed southwest by
west. Messages of condolence and sympathy are being hourly received from all
parts of the different continents and the sovereign pontiff has been graciously
pleased to decree that a special <em>missa pro defunctis</em> shall be celebrated
simultaneously by the ordinaries of each and every cathedral church of all the
episcopal dioceses subject to the spiritual authority of the Holy See in
suffrage of the souls of those faithful departed who have been so unexpectedly
called away from our midst. The work of salvage, removal of <em>débris,</em>
human remains etc has been entrusted to Messrs Michael Meade and Son, 159 Great
Brunswick street, and Messrs T. and C. Martin, 77, 78, 79 and 80 North Wall,
assisted by the men and officers of the Duke of Cornwall’s light infantry under
the general supervision of H. R. H., rear admiral, the right honourable sir
Hercules Hannibal Habeas Corpus Anderson, K. G., K. P., K. T., P. C., K. C. B.,
M. P., J. P., M. B., D. S. O., S. O. D., M. F. H., M. R. I. A., B. L., Mus.
Doc., P. L. G., F. T. C. D., F. R. U. I., F. R. C. P. I. and F. R. C. S. I.</p>
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<p>You never saw the like of it in all your born puff. Gob, if he got that lottery
ticket on the side of his poll he’d remember the gold cup, he would so, but
begob the citizen would have been lagged for assault and battery and Joe for
aiding and abetting. The jarvey saved his life by furious driving as sure as
God made Moses. What? O, Jesus, he did. And he let a volley of oaths after him.</p>
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<p>—Did I kill him, says he, or what?</p>
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<p>And he shouting to the bloody dog:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—After him, Garry! After him, boy!</p>
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<p>And the last we saw was the bloody car rounding the corner and old sheepsface
on it gesticulating and the bloody mongrel after it with his lugs back for all
he was bloody well worth to tear him limb from limb. Hundred to five! Jesus, he
took the value of it out of him, I promise you.</p>
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<p>When, lo, there came about them all a great brightness and they beheld the
chariot wherein He stood ascend to heaven. And they beheld Him in the chariot,
clothed upon in the glory of the brightness, having raiment as of the sun, fair
as the moon and terrible that for awe they durst not look upon Him. And there
came a voice out of heaven, calling: <em>Elijah! Elijah!</em> And He answered
with a main cry: <em>Abba! Adonai!</em> And they beheld Him even Him, ben Bloom
Elijah, amid clouds of angels ascend to the glory of the brightness at an angle
of fortyfive degrees over Donohoe’s in Little Green street like a shot off a
shovel.</p>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-14.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-14.htm.html_pgepubid00079" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-14.htm.html_chap13"></span>[ 13 ]</h3>
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<p>The summer evening had begun to fold the world in its mysterious embrace. Far
away in the west the sun was setting and the last glow of all too fleeting day
lingered lovingly on sea and strand, on the proud promontory of dear old Howth
guarding as ever the waters of the bay, on the weedgrown rocks along Sandymount
shore and, last but not least, on the quiet church whence there streamed forth
at times upon the stillness the voice of prayer to her who is in her pure
radiance a beacon ever to the stormtossed heart of man, Mary, star of the sea.</p>
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<p>The three girl friends were seated on the rocks, enjoying the evening scene and
the air which was fresh but not too chilly. Many a time and oft were they wont
to come there to that favourite nook to have a cosy chat beside the sparkling
waves and discuss matters feminine, Cissy Caffrey and Edy Boardman with the
baby in the pushcar and Tommy and Jacky Caffrey, two little curlyheaded boys,
dressed in sailor suits with caps to match and the name <em>H. M. S.
Belleisle</em> printed on both. For Tommy and Jacky Caffrey were twins, scarce
four years old and very noisy and spoiled twins sometimes but for all that
darling little fellows with bright merry faces and endearing ways about them.
They were dabbling in the sand with their spades and buckets, building castles
as children do, or playing with their big coloured ball, happy as the day was
long. And Edy Boardman was rocking the chubby baby to and fro in the pushcar
while that young gentleman fairly chuckled with delight. He was but eleven
months and nine days old and, though still a tiny toddler, was just beginning
to lisp his first babyish words. Cissy Caffrey bent over to him to tease his
fat little plucks and the dainty dimple in his chin.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Now, baby, Cissy Caffrey said. Say out big, big. I want a drink of
water.</p>
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<p>And baby prattled after her:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A jink a jink a jawbo.</p>
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<p>Cissy Caffrey cuddled the wee chap for she was awfully fond of children, so
patient with little sufferers and Tommy Caffrey could never be got to take his
castor oil unless it was Cissy Caffrey that held his nose and promised him the
scatty heel of the loaf or brown bread with golden syrup on. What a persuasive
power that girl had! But to be sure baby Boardman was as good as gold, a
perfect little dote in his new fancy bib. None of your spoilt beauties, Flora
MacFlimsy sort, was Cissy Caffrey. A truerhearted lass never drew the breath of
life, always with a laugh in her gipsylike eyes and a frolicsome word on her
cherryripe red lips, a girl lovable in the extreme. And Edy Boardman laughed
too at the quaint language of little brother.</p>
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<p>But just then there was a slight altercation between Master Tommy and Master
Jacky. Boys will be boys and our two twins were no exception to this golden
rule. The apple of discord was a certain castle of sand which Master Jacky had
built and Master Tommy would have it right go wrong that it was to be
architecturally improved by a frontdoor like the Martello tower had. But if
Master Tommy was headstrong Master Jacky was selfwilled too and, true to the
maxim that every little Irishman’s house is his castle, he fell upon his hated
rival and to such purpose that the wouldbe assailant came to grief and (alas to
relate!) the coveted castle too. Needless to say the cries of discomfited
Master Tommy drew the attention of the girl friends.</p>
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<p>—Come here, Tommy, his sister called imperatively. At once! And you,
Jacky, for shame to throw poor Tommy in the dirty sand. Wait till I catch you
for that.</p>
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<p>His eyes misty with unshed tears Master Tommy came at her call for their big
sister’s word was law with the twins. And in a sad plight he was too after his
misadventure. His little man-o’-war top and unmentionables were full of sand
but Cissy was a past mistress in the art of smoothing over life’s tiny troubles
and very quickly not one speck of sand was to be seen on his smart little suit.
Still the blue eyes were glistening with hot tears that would well up so she
kissed away the hurtness and shook her hand at Master Jacky the culprit and
said if she was near him she wouldn’t be far from him, her eyes dancing in
admonition.</p>
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<p>—Nasty bold Jacky! she cried.</p>
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<p>She put an arm round the little mariner and coaxed winningly:</p>
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<p>—What’s your name? Butter and cream?</p>
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<p>—Tell us who is your sweetheart, spoke Edy Boardman. Is Cissy your
sweetheart?</p>
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<p>—Nao, tearful Tommy said.</p>
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<p>—Is Edy Boardman your sweetheart? Cissy queried.</p>
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<p>—Nao, Tommy said.</p>
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<p>—I know, Edy Boardman said none too amiably with an arch glance from her
shortsighted eyes. I know who is Tommy’s sweetheart. Gerty is Tommy’s
sweetheart.</p>
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<p>—Nao, Tommy said on the verge of tears.</p>
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<p>Cissy’s quick motherwit guessed what was amiss and she whispered to Edy
Boardman to take him there behind the pushcar where the gentleman couldn’t see
and to mind he didn’t wet his new tan shoes.</p>
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<p>But who was Gerty?</p>
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<p>Gerty MacDowell who was seated near her companions, lost in thought, gazing far
away into the distance was, in very truth, as fair a specimen of winsome Irish
girlhood as one could wish to see. She was pronounced beautiful by all who knew
her though, as folks often said, she was more a Giltrap than a MacDowell. Her
figure was slight and graceful, inclining even to fragility but those iron
jelloids she had been taking of late had done her a world of good much better
than the Widow Welch’s female pills and she was much better of those discharges
she used to get and that tired feeling. The waxen pallor of her face was almost
spiritual in its ivorylike purity though her rosebud mouth was a genuine
Cupid’s bow, Greekly perfect. Her hands were of finely veined alabaster with
tapering fingers and as white as lemonjuice and queen of ointments could make
them though it was not true that she used to wear kid gloves in bed or take a
milk footbath either. Bertha Supple told that once to Edy Boardman, a
deliberate lie, when she was black out at daggers drawn with Gerty (the girl
chums had of course their little tiffs from time to time like the rest of
mortals) and she told her not to let on whatever she did that it was her that
told her or she’d never speak to her again. No. Honour where honour is due.
There was an innate refinement, a languid queenly <em>hauteur</em> about Gerty
which was unmistakably evidenced in her delicate hands and higharched instep.
Had kind fate but willed her to be born a gentlewoman of high degree in her own
right and had she only received the benefit of a good education Gerty MacDowell
might easily have held her own beside any lady in the land and have seen
herself exquisitely gowned with jewels on her brow and patrician suitors at her
feet vying with one another to pay their devoirs to her. Mayhap it was this,
the love that might have been, that lent to her softlyfeatured face at whiles a
look, tense with suppressed meaning, that imparted a strange yearning tendency
to the beautiful eyes, a charm few could resist. Why have women such eyes of
witchery? Gerty’s were of the bluest Irish blue, set off by lustrous lashes and
dark expressive brows. Time was when those brows were not so silkily seductive.
It was Madame Vera Verity, directress of the Woman Beautiful page of the
Princess Novelette, who had first advised her to try eyebrowleine which gave
that haunting expression to the eyes, so becoming in leaders of fashion, and
she had never regretted it. Then there was blushing scientifically cured and
how to be tall increase your height and you have a beautiful face but your
nose? That would suit Mrs Dignam because she had a button one. But Gerty’s
crowning glory was her wealth of wonderful hair. It was dark brown with a
natural wave in it. She had cut it that very morning on account of the new moon
and it nestled about her pretty head in a profusion of luxuriant clusters and
pared her nails too, Thursday for wealth. And just now at Edy’s words as a
telltale flush, delicate as the faintest rosebloom, crept into her cheeks she
looked so lovely in her sweet girlish shyness that of a surety God’s fair land
of Ireland did not hold her equal.</p>
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<p>For an instant she was silent with rather sad downcast eyes. She was about to
retort but something checked the words on her tongue. Inclination prompted her
to speak out: dignity told her to be silent. The pretty lips pouted awhile but
then she glanced up and broke out into a joyous little laugh which had in it
all the freshness of a young May morning. She knew right well, no-one better,
what made squinty Edy say that because of him cooling in his attentions when it
was simply a lovers’ quarrel. As per usual somebody’s nose was out of joint
about the boy that had the bicycle off the London bridge road always riding up
and down in front of her window. Only now his father kept him in in the
evenings studying hard to get an exhibition in the intermediate that was on and
he was going to go to Trinity college to study for a doctor when he left the
high school like his brother W. E. Wylie who was racing in the bicycle races in
Trinity college university. Little recked he perhaps for what she felt, that
dull aching void in her heart sometimes, piercing to the core. Yet he was young
and perchance he might learn to love her in time. They were protestants in his
family and of course Gerty knew Who came first and after Him the Blessed Virgin
and then Saint Joseph. But he was undeniably handsome with an exquisite nose
and he was what he looked, every inch a gentleman, the shape of his head too at
the back without his cap on that she would know anywhere something off the
common and the way he turned the bicycle at the lamp with his hands off the
bars and also the nice perfume of those good cigarettes and besides they were
both of a size too he and she and that was why Edy Boardman thought she was so
frightfully clever because he didn’t go and ride up and down in front of her
bit of a garden.</p>
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<p>Gerty was dressed simply but with the instinctive taste of a votary of Dame
Fashion for she felt that there was just a might that he might be out. A neat
blouse of electric blue selftinted by dolly dyes (because it was expected in
the <em>Lady’s Pictorial</em> that electric blue would be worn) with a smart vee
opening down to the division and kerchief pocket (in which she always kept a
piece of cottonwool scented with her favourite perfume because the handkerchief
spoiled the sit) and a navy threequarter skirt cut to the stride showed off her
slim graceful figure to perfection. She wore a coquettish little love of a hat
of wideleaved nigger straw contrast trimmed with an underbrim of eggblue
chenille and at the side a butterfly bow of silk to tone. All Tuesday week
afternoon she was hunting to match that chenille but at last she found what she
wanted at Clery’s summer sales, the very it, slightly shopsoiled but you would
never notice, seven fingers two and a penny. She did it up all by herself and
what joy was hers when she tried it on then, smiling at the lovely reflection
which the mirror gave back to her! And when she put it on the waterjug to keep
the shape she knew that that would take the shine out of some people she knew.
Her shoes were the newest thing in footwear (Edy Boardman prided herself that
she was very <em>petite</em> but she never had a foot like Gerty MacDowell, a
five, and never would ash, oak or elm) with patent toecaps and just one smart
buckle over her higharched instep. Her wellturned ankle displayed its perfect
proportions beneath her skirt and just the proper amount and no more of her
shapely limbs encased in finespun hose with highspliced heels and wide garter
tops. As for undies they were Gerty’s chief care and who that knows the
fluttering hopes and fears of sweet seventeen (though Gerty would never see
seventeen again) can find it in his heart to blame her? She had four dinky sets
with awfully pretty stitchery, three garments and nighties extra, and each set
slotted with different coloured ribbons, rosepink, pale blue, mauve and
peagreen, and she aired them herself and blued them when they came home from
the wash and ironed them and she had a brickbat to keep the iron on because she
wouldn’t trust those washerwomen as far as she’d see them scorching the things.
She was wearing the blue for luck, hoping against hope, her own colour and
lucky too for a bride to have a bit of blue somewhere on her because the green
she wore that day week brought grief because his father brought him in to study
for the intermediate exhibition and because she thought perhaps he might be out
because when she was dressing that morning she nearly slipped up the old pair
on her inside out and that was for luck and lovers’ meeting if you put those
things on inside out or if they got untied that he was thinking about you so
long as it wasn’t of a Friday.</p>
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<p>And yet and yet! That strained look on her face! A gnawing sorrow is there all
the time. Her very soul is in her eyes and she would give worlds to be in the
privacy of her own familiar chamber where, giving way to tears, she could have
a good cry and relieve her pentup feelings though not too much because she knew
how to cry nicely before the mirror. You are lovely, Gerty, it said. The paly
light of evening falls upon a face infinitely sad and wistful. Gerty MacDowell
yearns in vain. Yes, she had known from the very first that her daydream of a
marriage has been arranged and the weddingbells ringing for Mrs Reggy Wylie T.
C. D. (because the one who married the elder brother would be Mrs Wylie) and in
the fashionable intelligence Mrs Gertrude Wylie was wearing a sumptuous
confection of grey trimmed with expensive blue fox was not to be. He was too
young to understand. He would not believe in love, a woman’s birthright. The
night of the party long ago in Stoer’s (he was still in short trousers) when
they were alone and he stole an arm round her waist she went white to the very
lips. He called her little one in a strangely husky voice and snatched a half
kiss (the first!) but it was only the end of her nose and then he hastened from
the room with a remark about refreshments. Impetuous fellow! Strength of
character had never been Reggy Wylie’s strong point and he who would woo and
win Gerty MacDowell must be a man among men. But waiting, always waiting to be
asked and it was leap year too and would soon be over. No prince charming is
her beau ideal to lay a rare and wondrous love at her feet but rather a manly
man with a strong quiet face who had not found his ideal, perhaps his hair
slightly flecked with grey, and who would understand, take her in his
sheltering arms, strain her to him in all the strength of his deep passionate
nature and comfort her with a long long kiss. It would be like heaven. For such
a one she yearns this balmy summer eve. With all the heart of her she longs to
be his only, his affianced bride for riches for poor, in sickness in health,
till death us two part, from this to this day forward.</p>
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<p>And while Edy Boardman was with little Tommy behind the pushcar she was just
thinking would the day ever come when she could call herself his little wife to
be. Then they could talk about her till they went blue in the face, Bertha
Supple too, and Edy, little spitfire, because she would be twentytwo in
November. She would care for him with creature comforts too for Gerty was
womanly wise and knew that a mere man liked that feeling of hominess. Her
griddlecakes done to a goldenbrown hue and queen Ann’s pudding of delightful
creaminess had won golden opinions from all because she had a lucky hand also
for lighting a fire, dredge in the fine selfraising flour and always stir in
the same direction, then cream the milk and sugar and whisk well the white of
eggs though she didn’t like the eating part when there were any people that
made her shy and often she wondered why you couldn’t eat something poetical
like violets or roses and they would have a beautifully appointed drawingroom
with pictures and engravings and the photograph of grandpapa Giltrap’s lovely
dog Garryowen that almost talked it was so human and chintz covers for the
chairs and that silver toastrack in Clery’s summer jumble sales like they have
in rich houses. He would be tall with broad shoulders (she had always admired
tall men for a husband) with glistening white teeth under his carefully trimmed
sweeping moustache and they would go on the continent for their honeymoon
(three wonderful weeks!) and then, when they settled down in a nice snug and
cosy little homely house, every morning they would both have brekky, simple but
perfectly served, for their own two selves and before he went out to business
he would give his dear little wifey a good hearty hug and gaze for a moment
deep down into her eyes.</p>
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<p>Edy Boardman asked Tommy Caffrey was he done and he said yes so then she
buttoned up his little knickerbockers for him and told him to run off and play
with Jacky and to be good now and not to fight. But Tommy said he wanted the
ball and Edy told him no that baby was playing with the ball and if he took it
there’d be wigs on the green but Tommy said it was his ball and he wanted his
ball and he pranced on the ground, if you please. The temper of him! O, he was
a man already was little Tommy Caffrey since he was out of pinnies. Edy told
him no, no and to be off now with him and she told Cissy Caffrey not to give in
to him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You’re not my sister, naughty Tommy said. It’s my ball.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But Cissy Caffrey told baby Boardman to look up, look up high at her finger and
she snatched the ball quickly and threw it along the sand and Tommy after it in
full career, having won the day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Anything for a quiet life, laughed Ciss.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And she tickled tiny tot’s two cheeks to make him forget and played here’s the
lord mayor, here’s his two horses, here’s his gingerbread carriage and here he
walks in, chinchopper, chinchopper, chinchopper chin. But Edy got as cross as
two sticks about him getting his own way like that from everyone always petting
him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’d like to give him something, she said, so I would, where I won’t say.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—On the beeoteetom, laughed Cissy merrily.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gerty MacDowell bent down her head and crimsoned at the idea of Cissy saying an
unladylike thing like that out loud she’d be ashamed of her life to say,
flushing a deep rosy red, and Edy Boardman said she was sure the gentleman
opposite heard what she said. But not a pin cared Ciss.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Let him! she said with a pert toss of her head and a piquant tilt of her
nose. Give it to him too on the same place as quick as I’d look at him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Madcap Ciss with her golliwog curls. You had to laugh at her sometimes. For
instance when she asked you would you have some more Chinese tea and jaspberry
ram and when she drew the jugs too and the men’s faces on her nails with red
ink make you split your sides or when she wanted to go where you know she said
she wanted to run and pay a visit to the Miss White. That was just like
Cissycums. O, and will you ever forget her the evening she dressed up in her
father’s suit and hat and the burned cork moustache and walked down Tritonville
road, smoking a cigarette. There was none to come up to her for fun. But she
was sincerity itself, one of the bravest and truest hearts heaven ever made,
not one of your twofaced things, too sweet to be wholesome.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And then there came out upon the air the sound of voices and the pealing anthem
of the organ. It was the men’s temperance retreat conducted by the missioner,
the reverend John Hughes S. J., rosary, sermon and benediction of the Most
Blessed Sacrament. They were there gathered together without distinction of
social class (and a most edifying spectacle it was to see) in that simple fane
beside the waves, after the storms of this weary world, kneeling before the
feet of the immaculate, reciting the litany of Our Lady of Loreto, beseeching
her to intercede for them, the old familiar words, holy Mary, holy virgin of
virgins. How sad to poor Gerty’s ears! Had her father only avoided the clutches
of the demon drink, by taking the pledge or those powders the drink habit cured
in Pearson’s Weekly, she might now be rolling in her carriage, second to none.
Over and over had she told herself that as she mused by the dying embers in a
brown study without the lamp because she hated two lights or oftentimes gazing
out of the window dreamily by the hour at the rain falling on the rusty bucket,
thinking. But that vile decoction which has ruined so many hearths and homes
had cast its shadow over her childhood days. Nay, she had even witnessed in the
home circle deeds of violence caused by intemperance and had seen her own
father, a prey to the fumes of intoxication, forget himself completely for if
there was one thing of all things that Gerty knew it was that the man who lifts
his hand to a woman save in the way of kindness, deserves to be branded as the
lowest of the low.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And still the voices sang in supplication to the Virgin most powerful, Virgin
most merciful. And Gerty, rapt in thought, scarce saw or heard her companions
or the twins at their boyish gambols or the gentleman off Sandymount green that
Cissy Caffrey called the man that was so like himself passing along the strand
taking a short walk. You never saw him any way screwed but still and for all
that she would not like him for a father because he was too old or something or
on account of his face (it was a palpable case of Doctor Fell) or his carbuncly
nose with the pimples on it and his sandy moustache a bit white under his nose.
Poor father! With all his faults she loved him still when he sang <em>Tell me,
Mary, how to woo thee</em> or <em>My love and cottage near Rochelle</em> and they
had stewed cockles and lettuce with Lazenby’s salad dressing for supper and
when he sang <em>The moon hath raised</em> with Mr Dignam that died suddenly and
was buried, God have mercy on him, from a stroke. Her mother’s birthday that
was and Charley was home on his holidays and Tom and Mr Dignam and Mrs and
Patsy and Freddy Dignam and they were to have had a group taken. No-one would
have thought the end was so near. Now he was laid to rest. And her mother said
to him to let that be a warning to him for the rest of his days and he couldn’t
even go to the funeral on account of the gout and she had to go into town to
bring him the letters and samples from his office about Catesby’s cork lino,
artistic, standard designs, fit for a palace, gives tiptop wear and always
bright and cheery in the home.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A sterling good daughter was Gerty just like a second mother in the house, a
ministering angel too with a little heart worth its weight in gold. And when
her mother had those raging splitting headaches who was it rubbed the menthol
cone on her forehead but Gerty though she didn’t like her mother’s taking
pinches of snuff and that was the only single thing they ever had words about,
taking snuff. Everyone thought the world of her for her gentle ways. It was
Gerty who turned off the gas at the main every night and it was Gerty who
tacked up on the wall of that place where she never forgot every fortnight the
chlorate of lime Mr Tunney the grocer’s christmas almanac, the picture of
halcyon days where a young gentleman in the costume they used to wear then with
a threecornered hat was offering a bunch of flowers to his ladylove with
oldtime chivalry through her lattice window. You could see there was a story
behind it. The colours were done something lovely. She was in a soft clinging
white in a studied attitude and the gentleman was in chocolate and he looked a
thorough aristocrat. She often looked at them dreamily when she went there for
a certain purpose and felt her own arms that were white and soft just like hers
with the sleeves back and thought about those times because she had found out
in Walker’s pronouncing dictionary that belonged to grandpapa Giltrap about the
halcyon days what they meant.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The twins were now playing in the most approved brotherly fashion till at last
Master Jacky who was really as bold as brass there was no getting behind that
deliberately kicked the ball as hard as ever he could down towards the seaweedy
rocks. Needless to say poor Tommy was not slow to voice his dismay but luckily
the gentleman in black who was sitting there by himself came gallantly to the
rescue and intercepted the ball. Our two champions claimed their plaything with
lusty cries and to avoid trouble Cissy Caffrey called to the gentleman to throw
it to her please. The gentleman aimed the ball once or twice and then threw it
up the strand towards Cissy Caffrey but it rolled down the slope and stopped
right under Gerty’s skirt near the little pool by the rock. The twins clamoured
again for it and Cissy told her to kick it away and let them fight for it so
Gerty drew back her foot but she wished their stupid ball hadn’t come rolling
down to her and she gave a kick but she missed and Edy and Cissy laughed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—If you fail try again, Edy Boardman said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gerty smiled assent and bit her lip. A delicate pink crept into her pretty
cheek but she was determined to let them see so she just lifted her skirt a
little but just enough and took good aim and gave the ball a jolly good kick
and it went ever so far and the two twins after it down towards the shingle.
Pure jealousy of course it was nothing else to draw attention on account of the
gentleman opposite looking. She felt the warm flush, a danger signal always
with Gerty MacDowell, surging and flaming into her cheeks. Till then they had
only exchanged glances of the most casual but now under the brim of her new hat
she ventured a look at him and the face that met her gaze there in the
twilight, wan and strangely drawn, seemed to her the saddest she had ever seen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Through the open window of the church the fragrant incense was wafted and with
it the fragrant names of her who was conceived without stain of original sin,
spiritual vessel, pray for us, honourable vessel, pray for us, vessel of
singular devotion, pray for us, mystical rose. And careworn hearts were there
and toilers for their daily bread and many who had erred and wandered, their
eyes wet with contrition but for all that bright with hope for the reverend
father Father Hughes had told them what the great saint Bernard said in his
famous prayer of Mary, the most pious Virgin’s intercessory power that it was
not recorded in any age that those who implored her powerful protection were
ever abandoned by her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The twins were now playing again right merrily for the troubles of childhood
are but as fleeting summer showers. Cissy Caffrey played with baby Boardman
till he crowed with glee, clapping baby hands in air. Peep she cried behind the
hood of the pushcar and Edy asked where was Cissy gone and then Cissy popped up
her head and cried ah! and, my word, didn’t the little chap enjoy that! And
then she told him to say papa.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Say papa, baby. Say pa pa pa pa pa pa pa.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And baby did his level best to say it for he was very intelligent for eleven
months everyone said and big for his age and the picture of health, a perfect
little bunch of love, and he would certainly turn out to be something great,
they said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Haja ja ja haja.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cissy wiped his little mouth with the dribbling bib and wanted him to sit up
properly and say pa pa pa but when she undid the strap she cried out, holy
saint Denis, that he was possing wet and to double the half blanket the other
way under him. Of course his infant majesty was most obstreperous at such
toilet formalities and he let everyone know it:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Habaa baaaahabaaa baaaa.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And two great big lovely big tears coursing down his cheeks. It was all no use
soothering him with no, nono, baby, no and telling him about the geegee and
where was the puffpuff but Ciss, always readywitted, gave him in his mouth the
teat of the suckingbottle and the young heathen was quickly appeased.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gerty wished to goodness they would take their squalling baby home out of that
and not get on her nerves, no hour to be out, and the little brats of twins.
She gazed out towards the distant sea. It was like the paintings that man used
to do on the pavement with all the coloured chalks and such a pity too leaving
them there to be all blotted out, the evening and the clouds coming out and the
Bailey light on Howth and to hear the music like that and the perfume of those
incense they burned in the church like a kind of waft. And while she gazed her
heart went pitapat. Yes, it was her he was looking at, and there was meaning in
his look. His eyes burned into her as though they would search her through and
through, read her very soul. Wonderful eyes they were, superbly expressive, but
could you trust them? People were so queer. She could see at once by his dark
eyes and his pale intellectual face that he was a foreigner, the image of the
photo she had of Martin Harvey, the matinee idol, only for the moustache which
she preferred because she wasn’t stagestruck like Winny Rippingham that wanted
they two to always dress the same on account of a play but she could not see
whether he had an aquiline nose or a slightly <em>retroussé</em> from where he
was sitting. He was in deep mourning, she could see that, and the story of a
haunting sorrow was written on his face. She would have given worlds to know
what it was. He was looking up so intently, so still, and he saw her kick the
ball and perhaps he could see the bright steel buckles of her shoes if she
swung them like that thoughtfully with the toes down. She was glad that
something told her to put on the transparent stockings thinking Reggy Wylie
might be out but that was far away. Here was that of which she had so often
dreamed. It was he who mattered and there was joy on her face because she
wanted him because she felt instinctively that he was like no-one else. The
very heart of the girlwoman went out to him, her dreamhusband, because she knew
on the instant it was him. If he had suffered, more sinned against than
sinning, or even, even, if he had been himself a sinner, a wicked man, she
cared not. Even if he was a protestant or methodist she could convert him
easily if he truly loved her. There were wounds that wanted healing with
heartbalm. She was a womanly woman not like other flighty girls unfeminine he
had known, those cyclists showing off what they hadn’t got and she just yearned
to know all, to forgive all if she could make him fall in love with her, make
him forget the memory of the past. Then mayhap he would embrace her gently,
like a real man, crushing her soft body to him, and love her, his ownest
girlie, for herself alone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Refuge of sinners. Comfortress of the afflicted. <em>Ora pro nobis</em>. Well has
it been said that whosoever prays to her with faith and constancy can never be
lost or cast away: and fitly is she too a haven of refuge for the afflicted
because of the seven dolours which transpierced her own heart. Gerty could
picture the whole scene in the church, the stained glass windows lighted up,
the candles, the flowers and the blue banners of the blessed Virgin’s sodality
and Father Conroy was helping Canon O’Hanlon at the altar, carrying things in
and out with his eyes cast down. He looked almost a saint and his confessionbox
was so quiet and clean and dark and his hands were just like white wax and if
ever she became a Dominican nun in their white habit perhaps he might come to
the convent for the novena of Saint Dominic. He told her that time when she
told him about that in confession, crimsoning up to the roots of her hair for
fear he could see, not to be troubled because that was only the voice of nature
and we were all subject to nature’s laws, he said, in this life and that that
was no sin because that came from the nature of woman instituted by God, he
said, and that Our Blessed Lady herself said to the archangel Gabriel be it
done unto me according to Thy Word. He was so kind and holy and often and often
she thought and thought could she work a ruched teacosy with embroidered floral
design for him as a present or a clock but they had a clock she noticed on the
mantelpiece white and gold with a canarybird that came out of a little house to
tell the time the day she went there about the flowers for the forty hours’
adoration because it was hard to know what sort of a present to give or perhaps
an album of illuminated views of Dublin or some place.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The exasperating little brats of twins began to quarrel again and Jacky threw
the ball out towards the sea and they both ran after it. Little monkeys common
as ditchwater. Someone ought to take them and give them a good hiding for
themselves to keep them in their places, the both of them. And Cissy and Edy
shouted after them to come back because they were afraid the tide might come in
on them and be drowned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Jacky! Tommy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Not they! What a great notion they had! So Cissy said it was the very last time
she’d ever bring them out. She jumped up and called them and she ran down the
slope past him, tossing her hair behind her which had a good enough colour if
there had been more of it but with all the thingamerry she was always rubbing
into it she couldn’t get it to grow long because it wasn’t natural so she could
just go and throw her hat at it. She ran with long gandery strides it was a
wonder she didn’t rip up her skirt at the side that was too tight on her
because there was a lot of the tomboy about Cissy Caffrey and she was a forward
piece whenever she thought she had a good opportunity to show off and just
because she was a good runner she ran like that so that he could see all the
end of her petticoat running and her skinny shanks up as far as possible. It
would have served her just right if she had tripped up over something
accidentally on purpose with her high crooked French heels on her to make her
look tall and got a fine tumble. <em>Tableau!</em> That would have been a very
charming exposé for a gentleman like that to witness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Queen of angels, queen of patriarchs, queen of prophets, of all saints, they
prayed, queen of the most holy rosary and then Father Conroy handed the
thurible to Canon O’Hanlon and he put in the incense and censed the Blessed
Sacrament and Cissy Caffrey caught the two twins and she was itching to give
them a ringing good clip on the ear but she didn’t because she thought he might
be watching but she never made a bigger mistake in all her life because Gerty
could see without looking that he never took his eyes off of her and then Canon
O’Hanlon handed the thurible back to Father Conroy and knelt down looking up at
the Blessed Sacrament and the choir began to sing the <em>Tantum ergo</em> and
she just swung her foot in and out in time as the music rose and fell to the
<em>Tantumer gosa cramen tum</em>. Three and eleven she paid for those stockings
in Sparrow’s of George’s street on the Tuesday, no the Monday before Easter and
there wasn’t a brack on them and that was what he was looking at, transparent,
and not at her insignificant ones that had neither shape nor form (the cheek of
her!) because he had eyes in his head to see the difference for himself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cissy came up along the strand with the two twins and their ball with her hat
anyhow on her to one side after her run and she did look a streel tugging the
two kids along with the flimsy blouse she bought only a fortnight before like a
rag on her back and a bit of her petticoat hanging like a caricature. Gerty
just took off her hat for a moment to settle her hair and a prettier, a
daintier head of nutbrown tresses was never seen on a girl’s shoulders—a
radiant little vision, in sooth, almost maddening in its sweetness. You would
have to travel many a long mile before you found a head of hair the like of
that. She could almost see the swift answering flash of admiration in his eyes
that set her tingling in every nerve. She put on her hat so that she could see
from underneath the brim and swung her buckled shoe faster for her breath
caught as she caught the expression in his eyes. He was eying her as a snake
eyes its prey. Her woman’s instinct told her that she had raised the devil in
him and at the thought a burning scarlet swept from throat to brow till the
lovely colour of her face became a glorious rose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Edy Boardman was noticing it too because she was squinting at Gerty, half
smiling, with her specs like an old maid, pretending to nurse the baby.
Irritable little gnat she was and always would be and that was why no-one could
get on with her poking her nose into what was no concern of hers. And she said
to Gerty:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A penny for your thoughts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What? replied Gerty with a smile reinforced by the whitest of teeth. I
was only wondering was it late.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because she wished to goodness they’d take the snottynosed twins and their
babby home to the mischief out of that so that was why she just gave a gentle
hint about its being late. And when Cissy came up Edy asked her the time and
Miss Cissy, as glib as you like, said it was half past kissing time, time to
kiss again. But Edy wanted to know because they were told to be in early.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Wait, said Cissy, I’ll run ask my uncle Peter over there what’s the time
by his conundrum.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So over she went and when he saw her coming she could see him take his hand out
of his pocket, getting nervous, and beginning to play with his watchchain,
looking up at the church. Passionate nature though he was Gerty could see that
he had enormous control over himself. One moment he had been there, fascinated
by a loveliness that made him gaze, and the next moment it was the quiet
gravefaced gentleman, selfcontrol expressed in every line of his
distinguishedlooking figure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cissy said to excuse her would he mind please telling her what was the right
time and Gerty could see him taking out his watch, listening to it and looking
up and clearing his throat and he said he was very sorry his watch was stopped
but he thought it must be after eight because the sun was set. His voice had a
cultured ring in it and though he spoke in measured accents there was a
suspicion of a quiver in the mellow tones. Cissy said thanks and came back with
her tongue out and said uncle said his waterworks were out of order.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then they sang the second verse of the <em>Tantum ergo</em> and Canon O’Hanlon
got up again and censed the Blessed Sacrament and knelt down and he told Father
Conroy that one of the candles was just going to set fire to the flowers and
Father Conroy got up and settled it all right and she could see the gentleman
winding his watch and listening to the works and she swung her leg more in and
out in time. It was getting darker but he could see and he was looking all the
time that he was winding the watch or whatever he was doing to it and then he
put it back and put his hands back into his pockets. She felt a kind of a
sensation rushing all over her and she knew by the feel of her scalp and that
irritation against her stays that that thing must be coming on because the last
time too was when she clipped her hair on account of the moon. His dark eyes
fixed themselves on her again drinking in her every contour, literally
worshipping at her shrine. If ever there was undisguised admiration in a man’s
passionate gaze it was there plain to be seen on that man’s face. It is for
you, Gertrude MacDowell, and you know it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Edy began to get ready to go and it was high time for her and Gerty noticed
that that little hint she gave had had the desired effect because it was a long
way along the strand to where there was the place to push up the pushcar and
Cissy took off the twins’ caps and tidied their hair to make herself attractive
of course and Canon O’Hanlon stood up with his cope poking up at his neck and
Father Conroy handed him the card to read off and he read out <em>Panem de coelo
praestitisti eis</em> and Edy and Cissy were talking about the time all the time
and asking her but Gerty could pay them back in their own coin and she just
answered with scathing politeness when Edy asked her was she heartbroken about
her best boy throwing her over. Gerty winced sharply. A brief cold blaze shone
from her eyes that spoke volumes of scorn immeasurable. It hurt—O yes, it
cut deep because Edy had her own quiet way of saying things like that she knew
would wound like the confounded little cat she was. Gerty’s lips parted swiftly
to frame the word but she fought back the sob that rose to her throat, so slim,
so flawless, so beautifully moulded it seemed one an artist might have dreamed
of. She had loved him better than he knew. Lighthearted deceiver and fickle
like all his sex he would never understand what he had meant to her and for an
instant there was in the blue eyes a quick stinging of tears. Their eyes were
probing her mercilessly but with a brave effort she sparkled back in sympathy
as she glanced at her new conquest for them to see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, responded Gerty, quick as lightning, laughing, and the proud head
flashed up. I can throw my cap at who I like because it’s leap year.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Her words rang out crystalclear, more musical than the cooing of the ringdove,
but they cut the silence icily. There was that in her young voice that told
that she was not a one to be lightly trifled with. As for Mr Reggy with his
swank and his bit of money she could just chuck him aside as if he was so much
filth and never again would she cast as much as a second thought on him and
tear his silly postcard into a dozen pieces. And if ever after he dared to
presume she could give him one look of measured scorn that would make him
shrivel up on the spot. Miss puny little Edy’s countenance fell to no slight
extent and Gerty could see by her looking as black as thunder that she was
simply in a towering rage though she hid it, the little kinnatt, because that
shaft had struck home for her petty jealousy and they both knew that she was
something aloof, apart, in another sphere, that she was not of them and never
would be and there was somebody else too that knew it and saw it so they could
put that in their pipe and smoke it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Edy straightened up baby Boardman to get ready to go and Cissy tucked in the
ball and the spades and buckets and it was high time too because the sandman
was on his way for Master Boardman junior. And Cissy told him too that billy
winks was coming and that baby was to go deedaw and baby looked just too ducky,
laughing up out of his gleeful eyes, and Cissy poked him like that out of fun
in his wee fat tummy and baby, without as much as by your leave, sent up his
compliments to all and sundry on to his brandnew dribbling bib.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O my! Puddeny pie! protested Ciss. He has his bib destroyed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The slight <em>contretemps</em> claimed her attention but in two twos she set
that little matter to rights.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gerty stifled a smothered exclamation and gave a nervous cough and Edy asked
what and she was just going to tell her to catch it while it was flying but she
was ever ladylike in her deportment so she simply passed it off with consummate
tact by saying that that was the benediction because just then the bell rang
out from the steeple over the quiet seashore because Canon O’Hanlon was up on
the altar with the veil that Father Conroy put round his shoulders giving the
benediction with the Blessed Sacrament in his hands.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How moving the scene there in the gathering twilight, the last glimpse of Erin,
the touching chime of those evening bells and at the same time a bat flew forth
from the ivied belfry through the dusk, hither, thither, with a tiny lost cry.
And she could see far away the lights of the lighthouses so picturesque she
would have loved to do with a box of paints because it was easier than to make
a man and soon the lamplighter would be going his rounds past the presbyterian
church grounds and along by shady Tritonville avenue where the couples walked
and lighting the lamp near her window where Reggy Wylie used to turn his
freewheel like she read in that book <em>The Lamplighter</em> by Miss Cummins,
author of <em>Mabel Vaughan</em> and other tales. For Gerty had her dreams that
no-one knew of. She loved to read poetry and when she got a keepsake from
Bertha Supple of that lovely confession album with the coralpink cover to write
her thoughts in she laid it in the drawer of her toilettable which, though it
did not err on the side of luxury, was scrupulously neat and clean. It was
there she kept her girlish treasure trove, the tortoiseshell combs, her child
of Mary badge, the whiterose scent, the eyebrowleine, her alabaster pouncetbox
and the ribbons to change when her things came home from the wash and there
were some beautiful thoughts written in it in violet ink that she bought in
Hely’s of Dame Street for she felt that she too could write poetry if she could
only express herself like that poem that appealed to her so deeply that she had
copied out of the newspaper she found one evening round the potherbs. <em>Art
thou real, my ideal?</em> it was called by Louis J Walsh, Magherafelt, and after
there was something about <em>twilight, wilt thou ever?</em> and ofttimes the
beauty of poetry, so sad in its transient loveliness, had misted her eyes with
silent tears for she felt that the years were slipping by for her, one by one,
and but for that one shortcoming she knew she need fear no competition and that
was an accident coming down Dalkey hill and she always tried to conceal it. But
it must end, she felt. If she saw that magic lure in his eyes there would be no
holding back for her. Love laughs at locksmiths. She would make the great
sacrifice. Her every effort would be to share his thoughts. Dearer than the
whole world would she be to him and gild his days with happiness. There was the
allimportant question and she was dying to know was he a married man or a
widower who had lost his wife or some tragedy like the nobleman with the
foreign name from the land of song had to have her put into a madhouse, cruel
only to be kind. But even if—what then? Would it make a very great
difference? From everything in the least indelicate her finebred nature
instinctively recoiled. She loathed that sort of person, the fallen women off
the accommodation walk beside the Dodder that went with the soldiers and coarse
men with no respect for a girl’s honour, degrading the sex and being taken up
to the police station. No, no: not that. They would be just good friends like a
big brother and sister without all that other in spite of the conventions of
Society with a big ess. Perhaps it was an old flame he was in mourning for from
the days beyond recall. She thought she understood. She would try to understand
him because men were so different. The old love was waiting, waiting with
little white hands stretched out, with blue appealing eyes. Heart of mine! She
would follow, her dream of love, the dictates of her heart that told her he was
her all in all, the only man in all the world for her for love was the master
guide. Nothing else mattered. Come what might she would be wild, untrammelled,
free.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Canon O’Hanlon put the Blessed Sacrament back into the tabernacle and
genuflected and the choir sang <em>Laudate Dominum omnes gentes</em> and then he
locked the tabernacle door because the benediction was over and Father Conroy
handed him his hat to put on and crosscat Edy asked wasn’t she coming but Jacky
Caffrey called out:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O, look, Cissy!</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And they all looked was it sheet lightning but Tommy saw it too over the trees
beside the church, blue and then green and purple.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s fireworks, Cissy Caffrey said.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And they all ran down the strand to see over the houses and the church,
helterskelter, Edy with the pushcar with baby Boardman in it and Cissy holding
Tommy and Jacky by the hand so they wouldn’t fall running.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come on, Gerty, Cissy called. It’s the bazaar fireworks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But Gerty was adamant. She had no intention of being at their beck and call. If
they could run like rossies she could sit so she said she could see from where
she was. The eyes that were fastened upon her set her pulses tingling. She
looked at him a moment, meeting his glance, and a light broke in upon her.
Whitehot passion was in that face, passion silent as the grave, and it had made
her his. At last they were left alone without the others to pry and pass
remarks and she knew he could be trusted to the death, steadfast, a sterling
man, a man of inflexible honour to his fingertips. His hands and face were
working and a tremour went over her. She leaned back far to look up where the
fireworks were and she caught her knee in her hands so as not to fall back
looking up and there was no-one to see only him and her when she revealed all
her graceful beautifully shaped legs like that, supply soft and delicately
rounded, and she seemed to hear the panting of his heart, his hoarse breathing,
because she knew too about the passion of men like that, hotblooded, because
Bertha Supple told her once in dead secret and made her swear she’d never about
the gentleman lodger that was staying with them out of the Congested Districts
Board that had pictures cut out of papers of those skirtdancers and highkickers
and she said he used to do something not very nice that you could imagine
sometimes in the bed. But this was altogether different from a thing like that
because there was all the difference because she could almost feel him draw her
face to his and the first quick hot touch of his handsome lips. Besides there
was absolution so long as you didn’t do the other thing before being married
and there ought to be women priests that would understand without your telling
out and Cissy Caffrey too sometimes had that dreamy kind of dreamy look in her
eyes so that she too, my dear, and Winny Rippingham so mad about actors’
photographs and besides it was on account of that other thing coming on the way
it did.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And Jacky Caffrey shouted to look, there was another and she leaned back and
the garters were blue to match on account of the transparent and they all saw
it and they all shouted to look, look, there it was and she leaned back ever so
far to see the fireworks and something queer was flying through the air, a soft
thing, to and fro, dark. And she saw a long Roman candle going up over the
trees, up, up, and, in the tense hush, they were all breathless with excitement
as it went higher and higher and she had to lean back more and more to look up
after it, high, high, almost out of sight, and her face was suffused with a
divine, an entrancing blush from straining back and he could see her other
things too, nainsook knickers, the fabric that caresses the skin, better than
those other pettiwidth, the green, four and eleven, on account of being white
and she let him and she saw that he saw and then it went so high it went out of
sight a moment and she was trembling in every limb from being bent so far back
that he had a full view high up above her knee where no-one ever not even on
the swing or wading and she wasn’t ashamed and he wasn’t either to look in that
immodest way like that because he couldn’t resist the sight of the wondrous
revealment half offered like those skirtdancers behaving so immodest before
gentlemen looking and he kept on looking, looking. She would fain have cried to
him chokingly, held out her snowy slender arms to him to come, to feel his lips
laid on her white brow, the cry of a young girl’s love, a little strangled cry,
wrung from her, that cry that has rung through the ages. And then a rocket
sprang and bang shot blind blank and O! then the Roman candle burst and it was
like a sigh of O! and everyone cried O! O! in raptures and it gushed out of it
a stream of rain gold hair threads and they shed and ah! they were all greeny
dewy stars falling with golden, O so lovely, O, soft, sweet, soft!</p>
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<p>Then all melted away dewily in the grey air: all was silent. Ah! She glanced at
him as she bent forward quickly, a pathetic little glance of piteous protest,
of shy reproach under which he coloured like a girl. He was leaning back
against the rock behind. Leopold Bloom (for it is he) stands silent, with bowed
head before those young guileless eyes. What a brute he had been! At it again?
A fair unsullied soul had called to him and, wretch that he was, how had he
answered? An utter cad he had been! He of all men! But there was an infinite
store of mercy in those eyes, for him too a word of pardon even though he had
erred and sinned and wandered. Should a girl tell? No, a thousand times no.
That was their secret, only theirs, alone in the hiding twilight and there was
none to know or tell save the little bat that flew so softly through the
evening to and fro and little bats don’t tell.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cissy Caffrey whistled, imitating the boys in the football field to show what a
great person she was: and then she cried:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Gerty! Gerty! We’re going. Come on. We can see from farther up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Gerty had an idea, one of love’s little ruses. She slipped a hand into her
kerchief pocket and took out the wadding and waved in reply of course without
letting him and then slipped it back. Wonder if he’s too far to. She rose. Was
it goodbye? No. She had to go but they would meet again, there, and she would
dream of that till then, tomorrow, of her dream of yester eve. She drew herself
up to her full height. Their souls met in a last lingering glance and the eyes
that reached her heart, full of a strange shining, hung enraptured on her sweet
flowerlike face. She half smiled at him wanly, a sweet forgiving smile, a smile
that verged on tears, and then they parted.</p>
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<p>Slowly, without looking back she went down the uneven strand to Cissy, to Edy
to Jacky and Tommy Caffrey, to little baby Boardman. It was darker now and
there were stones and bits of wood on the strand and slippy seaweed. She walked
with a certain quiet dignity characteristic of her but with care and very
slowly because—because Gerty MacDowell was...</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tight boots? No. She’s lame! O!</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom watched her as she limped away. Poor girl! That’s why she’s left on
the shelf and the others did a sprint. Thought something was wrong by the cut
of her jib. Jilted beauty. A defect is ten times worse in a woman. But makes
them polite. Glad I didn’t know it when she was on show. Hot little devil all
the same. I wouldn’t mind. Curiosity like a nun or a negress or a girl with
glasses. That squinty one is delicate. Near her monthlies, I expect, makes them
feel ticklish. I have such a bad headache today. Where did I put the letter?
Yes, all right. All kinds of crazy longings. Licking pennies. Girl in
Tranquilla convent that nun told me liked to smell rock oil. Virgins go mad in
the end I suppose. Sister? How many women in Dublin have it today? Martha, she.
Something in the air. That’s the moon. But then why don’t all women menstruate
at the same time with the same moon, I mean? Depends on the time they were born
I suppose. Or all start scratch then get out of step. Sometimes Molly and Milly
together. Anyhow I got the best of that. Damned glad I didn’t do it in the bath
this morning over her silly I will punish you letter. Made up for that
tramdriver this morning. That gouger M’Coy stopping me to say nothing. And his
wife engagement in the country valise, voice like a pickaxe. Thankful for small
mercies. Cheap too. Yours for the asking. Because they want it themselves.
Their natural craving. Shoals of them every evening poured out of offices.
Reserve better. Don’t want it they throw it at you. Catch em alive, O. Pity
they can’t see themselves. A dream of wellfilled hose. Where was that? Ah, yes.
Mutoscope pictures in Capel street: for men only. Peeping Tom. Willy’s hat and
what the girls did with it. Do they snapshot those girls or is it all a fake?
<em>Lingerie</em> does it. Felt for the curves inside her <em>déshabillé.</em>
Excites them also when they’re. I’m all clean come and dirty me. And they like
dressing one another for the sacrifice. Milly delighted with Molly’s new
blouse. At first. Put them all on to take them all off. Molly. Why I bought her
the violet garters. Us too: the tie he wore, his lovely socks and turnedup
trousers. He wore a pair of gaiters the night that first we met. His lovely
shirt was shining beneath his what? of jet. Say a woman loses a charm with
every pin she takes out. Pinned together. O, Mairy lost the pin of her. Dressed
up to the nines for somebody. Fashion part of their charm. Just changes when
you’re on the track of the secret. Except the east: Mary, Martha: now as then.
No reasonable offer refused. She wasn’t in a hurry either. Always off to a
fellow when they are. They never forget an appointment. Out on spec probably.
They believe in chance because like themselves. And the others inclined to give
her an odd dig. Girl friends at school, arms round each other’s necks or with
ten fingers locked, kissing and whispering secrets about nothing in the convent
garden. Nuns with whitewashed faces, cool coifs and their rosaries going up and
down, vindictive too for what they can’t get. Barbed wire. Be sure now and
write to me. And I’ll write to you. Now won’t you? Molly and Josie Powell. Till
Mr Right comes along, then meet once in a blue moon. <em>Tableau!</em> O, look
who it is for the love of God! How are you at all? What have you been doing
with yourself? Kiss and delighted to, kiss, to see you. Picking holes in each
other’s appearance. You’re looking splendid. Sister souls. Showing their teeth
at one another. How many have you left? Wouldn’t lend each other a pinch of
salt.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ah!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Devils they are when that’s coming on them. Dark devilish appearance. Molly
often told me feel things a ton weight. Scratch the sole of my foot. O that
way! O, that’s exquisite! Feel it myself too. Good to rest once in a way.
Wonder if it’s bad to go with them then. Safe in one way. Turns milk, makes
fiddlestrings snap. Something about withering plants I read in a garden.
Besides they say if the flower withers she wears she’s a flirt. All are.
Daresay she felt I. When you feel like that you often meet what you feel. Liked
me or what? Dress they look at. Always know a fellow courting: collars and
cuffs. Well cocks and lions do the same and stags. Same time might prefer a tie
undone or something. Trousers? Suppose I when I was? No. Gently does it.
Dislike rough and tumble. Kiss in the dark and never tell. Saw something in me.
Wonder what. Sooner have me as I am than some poet chap with bearsgrease
plastery hair, lovelock over his dexter optic. To aid gentleman in literary.
Ought to attend to my appearance my age. Didn’t let her see me in profile.
Still, you never know. Pretty girls and ugly men marrying. Beauty and the
beast. Besides I can’t be so if Molly. Took off her hat to show her hair. Wide
brim. Bought to hide her face, meeting someone might know her, bend down or
carry a bunch of flowers to smell. Hair strong in rut. Ten bob I got for
Molly’s combings when we were on the rocks in Holles street. Why not? Suppose
he gave her money. Why not? All a prejudice. She’s worth ten, fifteen, more, a
pound. What? I think so. All that for nothing. Bold hand: Mrs Marion. Did I
forget to write address on that letter like the postcard I sent to Flynn? And
the day I went to Drimmie’s without a necktie. Wrangle with Molly it was put me
off. No, I remember. Richie Goulding: he’s another. Weighs on his mind. Funny
my watch stopped at half past four. Dust. Shark liver oil they use to clean.
Could do it myself. Save. Was that just when he, she?</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, he did. Into her. She did. Done.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ah!</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom with careful hand recomposed his wet shirt. O Lord, that little
limping devil. Begins to feel cold and clammy. Aftereffect not pleasant. Still
you have to get rid of it someway. They don’t care. Complimented perhaps. Go
home to nicey bread and milky and say night prayers with the kiddies. Well,
aren’t they? See her as she is spoil all. Must have the stage setting, the
rouge, costume, position, music. The name too. <em>Amours</em> of actresses. Nell
Gwynn, Mrs Bracegirdle, Maud Branscombe. Curtain up. Moonlight silver
effulgence. Maiden discovered with pensive bosom. Little sweetheart come and
kiss me. Still, I feel. The strength it gives a man. That’s the secret of it.
Good job I let off there behind the wall coming out of Dignam’s. Cider that
was. Otherwise I couldn’t have. Makes you want to sing after. <em>Lacaus esant
taratara</em>. Suppose I spoke to her. What about? Bad plan however if you don’t
know how to end the conversation. Ask them a question they ask you another.
Good idea if you’re stuck. Gain time. But then you’re in a cart. Wonderful of
course if you say: good evening, and you see she’s on for it: good evening. O
but the dark evening in the Appian way I nearly spoke to Mrs Clinch O thinking
she was. Whew! Girl in Meath street that night. All the dirty things I made her
say. All wrong of course. My arks she called it. It’s so hard to find one who.
Aho! If you don’t answer when they solicit must be horrible for them till they
harden. And kissed my hand when I gave her the extra two shillings. Parrots.
Press the button and the bird will squeak. Wish she hadn’t called me sir. O,
her mouth in the dark! And you a married man with a single girl! That’s what
they enjoy. Taking a man from another woman. Or even hear of it. Different with
me. Glad to get away from other chap’s wife. Eating off his cold plate. Chap in
the Burton today spitting back gumchewed gristle. French letter still in my
pocketbook. Cause of half the trouble. But might happen sometime, I don’t
think. Come in, all is prepared. I dreamt. What? Worst is beginning. How they
change the venue when it’s not what they like. Ask you do you like mushrooms
because she once knew a gentleman who. Or ask you what someone was going to say
when he changed his mind and stopped. Yet if I went the whole hog, say: I want
to, something like that. Because I did. She too. Offend her. Then make it up.
Pretend to want something awfully, then cry off for her sake. Flatters them.
She must have been thinking of someone else all the time. What harm? Must since
she came to the use of reason, he, he and he. First kiss does the trick. The
propitious moment. Something inside them goes pop. Mushy like, tell by their
eye, on the sly. First thoughts are best. Remember that till their dying day.
Molly, lieutenant Mulvey that kissed her under the Moorish wall beside the
gardens. Fifteen she told me. But her breasts were developed. Fell asleep then.
After Glencree dinner that was when we drove home. Featherbed mountain.
Gnashing her teeth in sleep. Lord mayor had his eye on her too. Val Dillon.
Apoplectic.</p>
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<p>There she is with them down there for the fireworks. My fireworks. Up like a
rocket, down like a stick. And the children, twins they must be, waiting for
something to happen. Want to be grownups. Dressing in mother’s clothes. Time
enough, understand all the ways of the world. And the dark one with the mop
head and the nigger mouth. I knew she could whistle. Mouth made for that. Like
Molly. Why that highclass whore in Jammet’s wore her veil only to her nose.
Would you mind, please, telling me the right time? I’ll tell you the right time
up a dark lane. Say prunes and prisms forty times every morning, cure for fat
lips. Caressing the little boy too. Onlookers see most of the game. Of course
they understand birds, animals, babies. In their line.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Didn’t look back when she was going down the strand. Wouldn’t give that
satisfaction. Those girls, those girls, those lovely seaside girls. Fine eyes
she had, clear. It’s the white of the eye brings that out not so much the
pupil. Did she know what I? Course. Like a cat sitting beyond a dog’s jump.
Women never meet one like that Wilkins in the high school drawing a picture of
Venus with all his belongings on show. Call that innocence? Poor idiot! His
wife has her work cut out for her. Never see them sit on a bench marked <em>Wet
Paint</em>. Eyes all over them. Look under the bed for what’s not there. Longing
to get the fright of their lives. Sharp as needles they are. When I said to
Molly the man at the corner of Cuffe street was goodlooking, thought she might
like, twigged at once he had a false arm. Had, too. Where do they get that?
Typist going up Roger Greene’s stairs two at a time to show her understandings.
Handed down from father to, mother to daughter, I mean. Bred in the bone. Milly
for example drying her handkerchief on the mirror to save the ironing. Best
place for an ad to catch a woman’s eye on a mirror. And when I sent her for
Molly’s Paisley shawl to Prescott’s by the way that ad I must, carrying home
the change in her stocking! Clever little minx. I never told her. Neat way she
carries parcels too. Attract men, small thing like that. Holding up her hand,
shaking it, to let the blood flow back when it was red. Who did you learn that
from? Nobody. Something the nurse taught me. O, don’t they know! Three years
old she was in front of Molly’s dressingtable, just before we left Lombard
street west. Me have a nice pace. Mullingar. Who knows? Ways of the world.
Young student. Straight on her pins anyway not like the other. Still she was
game. Lord, I am wet. Devil you are. Swell of her calf. Transparent stockings,
stretched to breaking point. Not like that frump today. A. E. Rumpled
stockings. Or the one in Grafton street. White. Wow! Beef to the heel.</p>
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<p>A monkey puzzle rocket burst, spluttering in darting crackles. Zrads and zrads,
zrads, zrads. And Cissy and Tommy and Jacky ran out to see and Edy after with
the pushcar and then Gerty beyond the curve of the rocks. Will she? Watch!
Watch! See! Looked round. She smelt an onion. Darling, I saw, your. I saw all.</p>
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<p>Lord!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Did me good all the same. Off colour after Kiernan’s, Dignam’s. For this relief
much thanks. In <em>Hamlet,</em> that is. Lord! It was all things combined.
Excitement. When she leaned back, felt an ache at the butt of my tongue. Your
head it simply swirls. He’s right. Might have made a worse fool of myself
however. Instead of talking about nothing. Then I will tell you all. Still it
was a kind of language between us. It couldn’t be? No, Gerty they called her.
Might be false name however like my name and the address Dolphin’s barn a
blind.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Her maiden name was Jemina Brown<br/>And she lived with her mother in Irishtown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Place made me think of that I suppose. All tarred with the same brush. Wiping
pens in their stockings. But the ball rolled down to her as if it understood.
Every bullet has its billet. Course I never could throw anything straight at
school. Crooked as a ram’s horn. Sad however because it lasts only a few years
till they settle down to potwalloping and papa’s pants will soon fit Willy and
fuller’s earth for the baby when they hold him out to do ah ah. No soft job.
Saves them. Keeps them out of harm’s way. Nature. Washing child, washing
corpse. Dignam. Children’s hands always round them. Cocoanut skulls, monkeys,
not even closed at first, sour milk in their swaddles and tainted curds.
Oughtn’t to have given that child an empty teat to suck. Fill it up with wind.
Mrs Beaufoy, Purefoy. Must call to the hospital. Wonder is nurse Callan there
still. She used to look over some nights when Molly was in the Coffee Palace.
That young doctor O’Hare I noticed her brushing his coat. And Mrs Breen and Mrs
Dignam once like that too, marriageable. Worst of all at night Mrs Duggan told
me in the City Arms. Husband rolling in drunk, stink of pub off him like a
polecat. Have that in your nose in the dark, whiff of stale boose. Then ask in
the morning: was I drunk last night? Bad policy however to fault the husband.
Chickens come home to roost. They stick by one another like glue. Maybe the
women’s fault also. That’s where Molly can knock spots off them. It’s the blood
of the south. Moorish. Also the form, the figure. Hands felt for the opulent.
Just compare for instance those others. Wife locked up at home, skeleton in the
cupboard. Allow me to introduce my. Then they trot you out some kind of a
nondescript, wouldn’t know what to call her. Always see a fellow’s weak point
in his wife. Still there’s destiny in it, falling in love. Have their own
secrets between them. Chaps that would go to the dogs if some woman didn’t take
them in hand. Then little chits of girls, height of a shilling in coppers, with
little hubbies. As God made them he matched them. Sometimes children turn out
well enough. Twice nought makes one. Or old rich chap of seventy and blushing
bride. Marry in May and repent in December. This wet is very unpleasant. Stuck.
Well the foreskin is not back. Better detach.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ow!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Other hand a sixfooter with a wifey up to his watchpocket. Long and the short
of it. Big he and little she. Very strange about my watch. Wristwatches are
always going wrong. Wonder is there any magnetic influence between the person
because that was about the time he. Yes, I suppose, at once. Cat’s away, the
mice will play. I remember looking in Pill lane. Also that now is magnetism.
Back of everything magnetism. Earth for instance pulling this and being pulled.
That causes movement. And time, well that’s the time the movement takes. Then
if one thing stopped the whole ghesabo would stop bit by bit. Because it’s all
arranged. Magnetic needle tells you what’s going on in the sun, the stars.
Little piece of steel iron. When you hold out the fork. Come. Come. Tip. Woman
and man that is. Fork and steel. Molly, he. Dress up and look and suggest and
let you see and see more and defy you if you’re a man to see that and, like a
sneeze coming, legs, look, look and if you have any guts in you. Tip. Have to
let fly.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wonder how is she feeling in that region. Shame all put on before third person.
More put out about a hole in her stocking. Molly, her underjaw stuck out, head
back, about the farmer in the ridingboots and spurs at the horse show. And when
the painters were in Lombard street west. Fine voice that fellow had. How
Giuglini began. Smell that I did. Like flowers. It was too. Violets. Came from
the turpentine probably in the paint. Make their own use of everything. Same
time doing it scraped her slipper on the floor so they wouldn’t hear. But lots
of them can’t kick the beam, I think. Keep that thing up for hours. Kind of a
general all round over me and half down my back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Wait. Hm. Hm. Yes. That’s her perfume. Why she waved her hand. I leave you this
to think of me when I’m far away on the pillow. What is it? Heliotrope? No.
Hyacinth? Hm. Roses, I think. She’d like scent of that kind. Sweet and cheap:
soon sour. Why Molly likes opoponax. Suits her, with a little jessamine mixed.
Her high notes and her low notes. At the dance night she met him, dance of the
hours. Heat brought it out. She was wearing her black and it had the perfume of
the time before. Good conductor, is it? Or bad? Light too. Suppose there’s some
connection. For instance if you go into a cellar where it’s dark. Mysterious
thing too. Why did I smell it only now? Took its time in coming like herself,
slow but sure. Suppose it’s ever so many millions of tiny grains blown across.
Yes, it is. Because those spice islands, Cinghalese this morning, smell them
leagues off. Tell you what it is. It’s like a fine fine veil or web they have
all over the skin, fine like what do you call it gossamer, and they’re always
spinning it out of them, fine as anything, like rainbow colours without knowing
it. Clings to everything she takes off. Vamp of her stockings. Warm shoe.
Stays. Drawers: little kick, taking them off. Byby till next time. Also the cat
likes to sniff in her shift on the bed. Know her smell in a thousand. Bathwater
too. Reminds me of strawberries and cream. Wonder where it is really. There or
the armpits or under the neck. Because you get it out of all holes and corners.
Hyacinth perfume made of oil of ether or something. Muskrat. Bag under their
tails. One grain pour off odour for years. Dogs at each other behind. Good
evening. Evening. How do you sniff? Hm. Hm. Very well, thank you. Animals go by
that. Yes now, look at it that way. We’re the same. Some women, instance, warn
you off when they have their period. Come near. Then get a hogo you could hang
your hat on. Like what? Potted herrings gone stale or. Boof! Please keep off
the grass.</p>
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<p>Perhaps they get a man smell off us. What though? Cigary gloves long John had
on his desk the other day. Breath? What you eat and drink gives that. No.
Mansmell, I mean. Must be connected with that because priests that are supposed
to be are different. Women buzz round it like flies round treacle. Railed off
the altar get on to it at any cost. The tree of forbidden priest. O, father,
will you? Let me be the first to. That diffuses itself all through the body,
permeates. Source of life. And it’s extremely curious the smell. Celery sauce.
Let me.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom inserted his nose. Hm. Into the. Hm. Opening of his waistcoat. Almonds
or. No. Lemons it is. Ah no, that’s the soap.</p>
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<p>O by the by that lotion. I knew there was something on my mind. Never went back
and the soap not paid. Dislike carrying bottles like that hag this morning.
Hynes might have paid me that three shillings. I could mention Meagher’s just
to remind him. Still if he works that paragraph. Two and nine. Bad opinion of
me he’ll have. Call tomorrow. How much do I owe you? Three and nine? Two and
nine, sir. Ah. Might stop him giving credit another time. Lose your customers
that way. Pubs do. Fellows run up a bill on the slate and then slinking around
the back streets into somewhere else.</p>
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<p>Here’s this nobleman passed before. Blown in from the bay. Just went as far as
turn back. Always at home at dinnertime. Looks mangled out: had a good tuck in.
Enjoying nature now. Grace after meals. After supper walk a mile. Sure he has a
small bank balance somewhere, government sit. Walk after him now make him
awkward like those newsboys me today. Still you learn something. See ourselves
as others see us. So long as women don’t mock what matter? That’s the way to
find out. Ask yourself who is he now. <em>The Mystery Man on the Beach</em>,
prize titbit story by Mr Leopold Bloom. Payment at the rate of one guinea per
column. And that fellow today at the graveside in the brown macintosh. Corns on
his kismet however. Healthy perhaps absorb all the. Whistle brings rain they
say. Must be some somewhere. Salt in the Ormond damp. The body feels the
atmosphere. Old Betty’s joints are on the rack. Mother Shipton’s prophecy that
is about ships around they fly in the twinkling. No. Signs of rain it is. The
royal reader. And distant hills seem coming nigh.</p>
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<p>Howth. Bailey light. Two, four, six, eight, nine. See. Has to change or they
might think it a house. Wreckers. Grace Darling. People afraid of the dark.
Also glowworms, cyclists: lightingup time. Jewels diamonds flash better. Women.
Light is a kind of reassuring. Not going to hurt you. Better now of course than
long ago. Country roads. Run you through the small guts for nothing. Still two
types there are you bob against. Scowl or smile. Pardon! Not at all. Best time
to spray plants too in the shade after the sun. Some light still. Red rays are
longest. Roygbiv Vance taught us: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo,
violet. A star I see. Venus? Can’t tell yet. Two. When three it’s night. Were
those nightclouds there all the time? Looks like a phantom ship. No. Wait.
Trees are they? An optical illusion. Mirage. Land of the setting sun this.
Homerule sun setting in the southeast. My native land, goodnight.</p>
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<p>Dew falling. Bad for you, dear, to sit on that stone. Brings on white fluxions.
Never have little baby then less he was big strong fight his way up through.
Might get piles myself. Sticks too like a summer cold, sore on the mouth. Cut
with grass or paper worst. Friction of the position. Like to be that rock she
sat on. O sweet little, you don’t know how nice you looked. I begin to like
them at that age. Green apples. Grab at all that offer. Suppose it’s the only
time we cross legs, seated. Also the library today: those girl graduates. Happy
chairs under them. But it’s the evening influence. They feel all that. Open
like flowers, know their hours, sunflowers, Jerusalem artichokes, in ballrooms,
chandeliers, avenues under the lamps. Nightstock in Mat Dillon’s garden where I
kissed her shoulder. Wish I had a full length oilpainting of her then. June
that was too I wooed. The year returns. History repeats itself. Ye crags and
peaks I’m with you once again. Life, love, voyage round your own little world.
And now? Sad about her lame of course but must be on your guard not to feel too
much pity. They take advantage.</p>
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<p>All quiet on Howth now. The distant hills seem. Where we. The rhododendrons. I
am a fool perhaps. He gets the plums, and I the plumstones. Where I come in.
All that old hill has seen. Names change: that’s all. Lovers: yum yum.</p>
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<p>Tired I feel now. Will I get up? O wait. Drained all the manhood out of me,
little wretch. She kissed me. Never again. My youth. Only once it comes. Or
hers. Take the train there tomorrow. No. Returning not the same. Like kids your
second visit to a house. The new I want. Nothing new under the sun. Care of P.
O. Dolphin’s Barn. Are you not happy in your? Naughty darling. At Dolphin’s
barn charades in Luke Doyle’s house. Mat Dillon and his bevy of daughters:
Tiny, Atty, Floey, Maimy, Louy, Hetty. Molly too. Eightyseven that was. Year
before we. And the old major, partial to his drop of spirits. Curious she an
only child, I an only child. So it returns. Think you’re escaping and run into
yourself. Longest way round is the shortest way home. And just when he and she.
Circus horse walking in a ring. Rip van Winkle we played. Rip: tear in Henny
Doyle’s overcoat. Van: breadvan delivering. Winkle: cockles and periwinkles.
Then I did Rip van Winkle coming back. She leaned on the sideboard watching.
Moorish eyes. Twenty years asleep in Sleepy Hollow. All changed. Forgotten. The
young are old. His gun rusty from the dew.</p>
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<p>Ba. What is that flying about? Swallow? Bat probably. Thinks I’m a tree, so
blind. Have birds no smell? Metempsychosis. They believed you could be changed
into a tree from grief. Weeping willow. Ba. There he goes. Funny little beggar.
Wonder where he lives. Belfry up there. Very likely. Hanging by his heels in
the odour of sanctity. Bell scared him out, I suppose. Mass seems to be over.
Could hear them all at it. Pray for us. And pray for us. And pray for us. Good
idea the repetition. Same thing with ads. Buy from us. And buy from us. Yes,
there’s the light in the priest’s house. Their frugal meal. Remember about the
mistake in the valuation when I was in Thom’s. Twentyeight it is. Two houses
they have. Gabriel Conroy’s brother is curate. Ba. Again. Wonder why they come
out at night like mice. They’re a mixed breed. Birds are like hopping mice.
What frightens them, light or noise? Better sit still. All instinct like the
bird in drouth got water out of the end of a jar by throwing in pebbles. Like a
little man in a cloak he is with tiny hands. Weeny bones. Almost see them
shimmering, kind of a bluey white. Colours depend on the light you see. Stare
the sun for example like the eagle then look at a shoe see a blotch blob
yellowish. Wants to stamp his trademark on everything. Instance, that cat this
morning on the staircase. Colour of brown turf. Say you never see them with
three colours. Not true. That half tabbywhite tortoiseshell in the <em>City
Arms</em> with the letter em on her forehead. Body fifty different colours.
Howth a while ago amethyst. Glass flashing. That’s how that wise man what’s his
name with the burning glass. Then the heather goes on fire. It can’t be
tourists’ matches. What? Perhaps the sticks dry rub together in the wind and
light. Or broken bottles in the furze act as a burning glass in the sun.
Archimedes. I have it! My memory’s not so bad.</p>
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<p>Ba. Who knows what they’re always flying for. Insects? That bee last week got
into the room playing with his shadow on the ceiling. Might be the one bit me,
come back to see. Birds too. Never find out. Or what they say. Like our small
talk. And says she and says he. Nerve they have to fly over the ocean and back.
Lots must be killed in storms, telegraph wires. Dreadful life sailors have too.
Big brutes of oceangoing steamers floundering along in the dark, lowing out
like seacows. <em>Faugh a ballagh!</em> Out of that, bloody curse to you! Others
in vessels, bit of a handkerchief sail, pitched about like snuff at a wake when
the stormy winds do blow. Married too. Sometimes away for years at the ends of
the earth somewhere. No ends really because it’s round. Wife in every port they
say. She has a good job if she minds it till Johnny comes marching home again.
If ever he does. Smelling the tail end of ports. How can they like the sea? Yet
they do. The anchor’s weighed. Off he sails with a scapular or a medal on him
for luck. Well. And the tephilim no what’s this they call it poor papa’s father
had on his door to touch. That brought us out of the land of Egypt and into the
house of bondage. Something in all those superstitions because when you go out
never know what dangers. Hanging on to a plank or astride of a beam for grim
life, lifebelt round him, gulping salt water, and that’s the last of his nibs
till the sharks catch hold of him. Do fish ever get seasick?</p>
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<p>Then you have a beautiful calm without a cloud, smooth sea, placid, crew and
cargo in smithereens, Davy Jones’ locker, moon looking down so peaceful. Not my
fault, old cockalorum.</p>
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<p>A last lonely candle wandered up the sky from Mirus bazaar in search of funds
for Mercer’s hospital and broke, drooping, and shed a cluster of violet but one
white stars. They floated, fell: they faded. The shepherd’s hour: the hour of
folding: hour of tryst. From house to house, giving his everwelcome double
knock, went the nine o’clock postman, the glowworm’s lamp at his belt gleaming
here and there through the laurel hedges. And among the five young trees a
hoisted lintstock lit the lamp at Leahy’s terrace. By screens of lighted
windows, by equal gardens a shrill voice went crying, wailing: <em>Evening
Telegraph, stop press edition! Result of the Gold Cup races!</em> and from the
door of Dignam’s house a boy ran out and called. Twittering the bat flew here,
flew there. Far out over the sands the coming surf crept, grey. Howth settled
for slumber, tired of long days, of yumyum rhododendrons (he was old) and felt
gladly the night breeze lift, ruffle his fell of ferns. He lay but opened a red
eye unsleeping, deep and slowly breathing, slumberous but awake. And far on
Kish bank the anchored lightship twinkled, winked at Mr Bloom.</p>
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<p>Life those chaps out there must have, stuck in the same spot. Irish Lights
board. Penance for their sins. Coastguards too. Rocket and breeches buoy and
lifeboat. Day we went out for the pleasure cruise in the Erin’s King, throwing
them the sack of old papers. Bears in the zoo. Filthy trip. Drunkards out to
shake up their livers. Puking overboard to feed the herrings. Nausea. And the
women, fear of God in their faces. Milly, no sign of funk. Her blue scarf
loose, laughing. Don’t know what death is at that age. And then their stomachs
clean. But being lost they fear. When we hid behind the tree at Crumlin. I
didn’t want to. Mamma! Mamma! Babes in the wood. Frightening them with masks
too. Throwing them up in the air to catch them. I’ll murder you. Is it only
half fun? Or children playing battle. Whole earnest. How can people aim guns at
each other. Sometimes they go off. Poor kids! Only troubles wildfire and
nettlerash. Calomel purge I got her for that. After getting better asleep with
Molly. Very same teeth she has. What do they love? Another themselves? But the
morning she chased her with the umbrella. Perhaps so as not to hurt. I felt her
pulse. Ticking. Little hand it was: now big. Dearest Papli. All that the hand
says when you touch. Loved to count my waistcoat buttons. Her first stays I
remember. Made me laugh to see. Little paps to begin with. Left one is more
sensitive, I think. Mine too. Nearer the heart? Padding themselves out if fat
is in fashion. Her growing pains at night, calling, wakening me. Frightened she
was when her nature came on her first. Poor child! Strange moment for the
mother too. Brings back her girlhood. Gibraltar. Looking from Buena Vista.
O’Hara’s tower. The seabirds screaming. Old Barbary ape that gobbled all his
family. Sundown, gunfire for the men to cross the lines. Looking out over the
sea she told me. Evening like this, but clear, no clouds. I always thought I’d
marry a lord or a rich gentleman coming with a private yacht. <em>Buenas noches,
señorita. El hombre ama la muchacha hermosa</em>. Why me? Because you were so
foreign from the others.</p>
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<p>Better not stick here all night like a limpet. This weather makes you dull.
Must be getting on for nine by the light. Go home. Too late for <em>Leah, Lily
of Killarney.</em> No. Might be still up. Call to the hospital to see. Hope
she’s over. Long day I’ve had. Martha, the bath, funeral, house of Keyes,
museum with those goddesses, Dedalus’ song. Then that bawler in Barney
Kiernan’s. Got my own back there. Drunken ranters what I said about his God
made him wince. Mistake to hit back. Or? No. Ought to go home and laugh at
themselves. Always want to be swilling in company. Afraid to be alone like a
child of two. Suppose he hit me. Look at it other way round. Not so bad then.
Perhaps not to hurt he meant. Three cheers for Israel. Three cheers for the
sister-in-law he hawked about, three fangs in her mouth. Same style of beauty.
Particularly nice old party for a cup of tea. The sister of the wife of the
wild man of Borneo has just come to town. Imagine that in the early morning at
close range. Everyone to his taste as Morris said when he kissed the cow. But
Dignam’s put the boots on it. Houses of mourning so depressing because you
never know. Anyhow she wants the money. Must call to those Scottish Widows as I
promised. Strange name. Takes it for granted we’re going to pop off first. That
widow on Monday was it outside Cramer’s that looked at me. Buried the poor
husband but progressing favourably on the premium. Her widow’s mite. Well? What
do you expect her to do? Must wheedle her way along. Widower I hate to see.
Looks so forlorn. Poor man O’Connor wife and five children poisoned by mussels
here. The sewage. Hopeless. Some good matronly woman in a porkpie hat to mother
him. Take him in tow, platter face and a large apron. Ladies’ grey flannelette
bloomers, three shillings a pair, astonishing bargain. Plain and loved, loved
for ever, they say. Ugly: no woman thinks she is. Love, lie and be handsome for
tomorrow we die. See him sometimes walking about trying to find out who played
the trick. U. p: up. Fate that is. He, not me. Also a shop often noticed. Curse
seems to dog it. Dreamt last night? Wait. Something confused. She had red
slippers on. Turkish. Wore the breeches. Suppose she does? Would I like her in
pyjamas? Damned hard to answer. Nannetti’s gone. Mailboat. Near Holyhead by
now. Must nail that ad of Keyes’s. Work Hynes and Crawford. Petticoats for
Molly. She has something to put in them. What’s that? Might be money.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom stooped and turned over a piece of paper on the strand. He brought it
near his eyes and peered. Letter? No. Can’t read. Better go. Better. I’m tired
to move. Page of an old copybook. All those holes and pebbles. Who could count
them? Never know what you find. Bottle with story of a treasure in it, thrown
from a wreck. Parcels post. Children always want to throw things in the sea.
Trust? Bread cast on the waters. What’s this? Bit of stick.</p>
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<p>O! Exhausted that female has me. Not so young now. Will she come here tomorrow?
Wait for her somewhere for ever. Must come back. Murderers do. Will I?</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom with his stick gently vexed the thick sand at his foot. Write a
message for her. Might remain. What?</p>
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<p>I.</p>
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<p>Some flatfoot tramp on it in the morning. Useless. Washed away. Tide comes
here. Saw a pool near her foot. Bend, see my face there, dark mirror, breathe
on it, stirs. All these rocks with lines and scars and letters. O, those
transparent! Besides they don’t know. What is the meaning of that other world.
I called you naughty boy because I do not like.</p>
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<p>AM. A.</p>
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<p>No room. Let it go.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom effaced the letters with his slow boot. Hopeless thing sand. Nothing
grows in it. All fades. No fear of big vessels coming up here. Except
Guinness’s barges. Round the Kish in eighty days. Done half by design.</p>
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<p>He flung his wooden pen away. The stick fell in silted sand, stuck. Now if you
were trying to do that for a week on end you couldn’t. Chance. We’ll never meet
again. But it was lovely. Goodbye, dear. Thanks. Made me feel so young.</p>
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<p>Short snooze now if I had. Must be near nine. Liverpool boat long gone. Not
even the smoke. And she can do the other. Did too. And Belfast. I won’t go.
Race there, race back to Ennis. Let him. Just close my eyes a moment. Won’t
sleep, though. Half dream. It never comes the same. Bat again. No harm in him.
Just a few.</p>
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<p>O sweety all your little girlwhite up I saw dirty bracegirdle made me do love
sticky we two naughty Grace darling she him half past the bed met him pike
hoses frillies for Raoul de perfume your wife black hair heave under embon
<em>señorita</em> young eyes Mulvey plump bubs me breadvan Winkle red slippers
she rusty sleep wander years of dreams return tail end Agendath swoony lovey
showed me her next year in drawers return next in her next her next.</p>
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<p>A bat flew. Here. There. Here. Far in the grey a bell chimed. Mr Bloom with
open mouth, his left boot sanded sideways, leaned, breathed. Just for a few</p>
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<p>Cuckoo<br/>Cuckoo<br/>Cuckoo.</p>
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<p>The clock on the mantelpiece in the priest’s house cooed where Canon O’Hanlon
and Father Conroy and the reverend John Hughes S. J. were taking tea and
sodabread and butter and fried mutton chops with catsup and talking about</p>
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<p>Cuckoo<br/>Cuckoo<br/>Cuckoo.</p>
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<p>Because it was a little canarybird that came out of its little house to tell
the time that Gerty MacDowell noticed the time she was there because she was as
quick as anything about a thing like that, was Gerty MacDowell, and she noticed
at once that that foreign gentleman that was sitting on the rocks looking was</p>
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<p>Cuckoo<br/>Cuckoo<br/>Cuckoo.</p>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-15.htm.html_chap14"></span>[ 14 ]</h3>
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<p>Deshil Holles Eamus. Deshil Holles Eamus. Deshil Holles Eamus.</p>
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<p>Send us bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit. Send us
bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit. Send us bright one,
light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit.</p>
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<p>Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa! Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa! Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa!</p>
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<p>Universally that person’s acumen is esteemed very little perceptive concerning
whatsoever matters are being held as most profitably by mortals with sapience
endowed to be studied who is ignorant of that which the most in doctrine
erudite and certainly by reason of that in them high mind’s ornament deserving
of veneration constantly maintain when by general consent they affirm that
other circumstances being equal by no exterior splendour is the prosperity of a
nation more efficaciously asserted than by the measure of how far forward may
have progressed the tribute of its solicitude for that proliferent continuance
which of evils the original if it be absent when fortunately present
constitutes the certain sign of omnipollent nature’s incorrupted benefaction.
For who is there who anything of some significance has apprehended but is
conscious that that exterior splendour may be the surface of a downwardtending
lutulent reality or on the contrary anyone so is there unilluminated as not to
perceive that as no nature’s boon can contend against the bounty of increase so
it behoves every most just citizen to become the exhortator and admonisher of
his semblables and to tremble lest what had in the past been by the nation
excellently commenced might be in the future not with similar excellence
accomplished if an inverecund habit shall have gradually traduced the
honourable by ancestors transmitted customs to that thither of profundity that
that one was audacious excessively who would have the hardihood to rise
affirming that no more odious offence can for anyone be than to oblivious
neglect to consign that evangel simultaneously command and promise which on all
mortals with prophecy of abundance or with diminution’s menace that exalted of
reiteratedly procreating function ever irrevocably enjoined?</p>
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<p>It is not why therefore we shall wonder if, as the best historians relate,
among the Celts, who nothing that was not in its nature admirable admired, the
art of medicine shall have been highly honoured. Not to speak of hostels,
leperyards, sweating chambers, plaguegraves, their greatest doctors, the
O’Shiels, the O’Hickeys, the O’Lees, have sedulously set down the divers
methods by which the sick and the relapsed found again health whether the
malady had been the trembling withering or loose boyconnell flux. Certainly in
every public work which in it anything of gravity contains preparation should
be with importance commensurate and therefore a plan was by them adopted
(whether by having preconsidered or as the maturation of experience it is
difficult in being said which the discrepant opinions of subsequent inquirers
are not up to the present congrued to render manifest) whereby maternity was so
far from all accident possibility removed that whatever care the patient in
that allhardest of woman hour chiefly required and not solely for the copiously
opulent but also for her who not being sufficiently moneyed scarcely and often
not even scarcely could subsist valiantly and for an inconsiderable emolument
was provided.</p>
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<p>To her nothing already then and thenceforward was anyway able to be molestful
for this chiefly felt all citizens except with proliferent mothers prosperity
at all not to can be and as they had received eternity gods mortals generation
to befit them her beholding, when the case was so hoving itself, parturient in
vehicle thereward carrying desire immense among all one another was impelling
on of her to be received into that domicile. O thing of prudent nation not
merely in being seen but also even in being related worthy of being praised
that they her by anticipation went seeing mother, that she by them suddenly to
be about to be cherished had been begun she felt!</p>
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<p>Before born bliss babe had. Within womb won he worship. Whatever in that one
case done commodiously done was. A couch by midwives attended with wholesome
food reposeful, cleanest swaddles as though forthbringing were now done and by
wise foresight set: but to this no less of what drugs there is need and
surgical implements which are pertaining to her case not omitting aspect of all
very distracting spectacles in various latitudes by our terrestrial orb offered
together with images, divine and human, the cogitation of which by sejunct
females is to tumescence conducive or eases issue in the high sunbright
wellbuilt fair home of mothers when, ostensibly far gone and reproductitive, it
is come by her thereto to lie in, her term up.</p>
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<p>Some man that wayfaring was stood by housedoor at night’s oncoming. Of Israel’s
folk was that man that on earth wandering far had fared. Stark ruth of man his
errand that him lone led till that house.</p>
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<p>Of that house A. Horne is lord. Seventy beds keeps he there teeming mothers are
wont that they lie for to thole and bring forth bairns hale so God’s angel to
Mary quoth. Watchers tway there walk, white sisters in ward sleepless. Smarts
they still, sickness soothing: in twelve moons thrice an hundred. Truest
bedthanes they twain are, for Horne holding wariest ward.</p>
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<p>In ward wary the watcher hearing come that man mildhearted eft rising with
swire ywimpled to him her gate wide undid. Lo, levin leaping lightens in
eyeblink Ireland’s westward welkin. Full she drad that God the Wreaker all
mankind would fordo with water for his evil sins. Christ’s rood made she on
breastbone and him drew that he would rathe infare under her thatch. That man
her will wotting worthful went in Horne’s house.</p>
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<p>Loth to irk in Horne’s hall hat holding the seeker stood. On her stow he ere
was living with dear wife and lovesome daughter that then over land and
seafloor nine years had long outwandered. Once her in townhithe meeting he to
her bow had not doffed. Her to forgive now he craved with good ground of her
allowed that that of him swiftseen face, hers, so young then had looked. Light
swift her eyes kindled, bloom of blushes his word winning.</p>
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<p>As her eyes then ongot his weeds swart therefor sorrow she feared. Glad after
she was that ere adread was. Her he asked if O’Hare Doctor tidings sent from
far coast and she with grameful sigh him answered that O’Hare Doctor in heaven
was. Sad was the man that word to hear that him so heavied in bowels ruthful.
All she there told him, ruing death for friend so young, algate sore unwilling
God’s rightwiseness to withsay. She said that he had a fair sweet death through
God His goodness with masspriest to be shriven, holy housel and sick men’s oil
to his limbs. The man then right earnest asked the nun of which death the dead
man was died and the nun answered him and said that he was died in Mona Island
through bellycrab three year agone come Childermas and she prayed to God the
Allruthful to have his dear soul in his undeathliness. He heard her sad words,
in held hat sad staring. So stood they there both awhile in wanhope sorrowing
one with other.</p>
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<p>Therefore, everyman, look to that last end that is thy death and the dust that
gripeth on every man that is born of woman for as he came naked forth from his
mother’s womb so naked shall he wend him at the last for to go as he came.</p>
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<p>The man that was come in to the house then spoke to the nursingwoman and he
asked her how it fared with the woman that lay there in childbed. The
nursingwoman answered him and said that that woman was in throes now full three
days and that it would be a hard birth unneth to bear but that now in a little
it would be. She said thereto that she had seen many births of women but never
was none so hard as was that woman’s birth. Then she set it all forth to him
for because she knew the man that time was had lived nigh that house. The man
hearkened to her words for he felt with wonder women’s woe in the travail that
they have of motherhood and he wondered to look on her face that was a fair
face for any man to see but yet was she left after long years a handmaid. Nine
twelve bloodflows chiding her childless.</p>
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<p>And whiles they spake the door of the castle was opened and there nighed them a
mickle noise as of many that sat there at meat. And there came against the
place as they stood a young learningknight yclept Dixon. And the traveller
Leopold was couth to him sithen it had happed that they had had ado each with
other in the house of misericord where this learningknight lay by cause the
traveller Leopold came there to be healed for he was sore wounded in his breast
by a spear wherewith a horrible and dreadful dragon was smitten him for which
he did do make a salve of volatile salt and chrism as much as he might suffice.
And he said now that he should go in to that castle for to make merry with them
that were there. And the traveller Leopold said that he should go otherwhither
for he was a man of cautels and a subtile. Also the lady was of his avis and
repreved the learningknight though she trowed well that the traveller had said
thing that was false for his subtility. But the learningknight would not hear
say nay nor do her mandement ne have him in aught contrarious to his list and
he said how it was a marvellous castle. And the traveller Leopold went into the
castle for to rest him for a space being sore of limb after many marches
environing in divers lands and sometime venery.</p>
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<p>And in the castle was set a board that was of the birchwood of Finlandy and it
was upheld by four dwarfmen of that country but they durst not move more for
enchantment. And on this board were frightful swords and knives that are made
in a great cavern by swinking demons out of white flames that they fix then in
the horns of buffalos and stags that there abound marvellously. And there were
vessels that are wrought by magic of Mahound out of seasand and the air by a
warlock with his breath that he blases in to them like to bubbles. And full
fair cheer and rich was on the board that no wight could devise a fuller ne
richer. And there was a vat of silver that was moved by craft to open in the
which lay strange fishes withouten heads though misbelieving men nie that this
be possible thing without they see it natheless they are so. And these fishes
lie in an oily water brought there from Portugal land because of the fatness
that therein is like to the juices of the olivepress. And also it was a marvel
to see in that castle how by magic they make a compost out of fecund
wheatkidneys out of Chaldee that by aid of certain angry spirits that they do
in to it swells up wondrously like to a vast mountain. And they teach the
serpents there to entwine themselves up on long sticks out of the ground and of
the scales of these serpents they brew out a brewage like to mead.</p>
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<p>And the learning knight let pour for childe Leopold a draught and halp thereto
the while all they that were there drank every each. And childe Leopold did up
his beaver for to pleasure him and took apertly somewhat in amity for he never
drank no manner of mead which he then put by and anon full privily he voided
the more part in his neighbour glass and his neighbour nist not of this wile.
And he sat down in that castle with them for to rest him there awhile. Thanked
be Almighty God.</p>
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<p>This meanwhile this good sister stood by the door and begged them at the
reverence of Jesu our alther liege Lord to leave their wassailing for there was
above one quick with child, a gentle dame, whose time hied fast. Sir Leopold
heard on the upfloor cry on high and he wondered what cry that it was whether
of child or woman and I marvel, said he, that it be not come or now. Meseems it
dureth overlong. And he was ware and saw a franklin that hight Lenehan on that
side the table that was older than any of the tother and for that they both
were knights virtuous in the one emprise and eke by cause that he was elder he
spoke to him full gently. But, said he, or it be long too she will bring forth
by God His bounty and have joy of her childing for she hath waited marvellous
long. And the franklin that had drunken said, Expecting each moment to be her
next. Also he took the cup that stood tofore him for him needed never none
asking nor desiring of him to drink and, Now drink, said he, fully delectably,
and he quaffed as far as he might to their both’s health for he was a passing
good man of his lustiness. And sir Leopold that was the goodliest guest that
ever sat in scholars’ hall and that was the meekest man and the kindest that
ever laid husbandly hand under hen and that was the very truest knight of the
world one that ever did minion service to lady gentle pledged him courtly in
the cup. Woman’s woe with wonder pondering.</p>
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<p>Now let us speak of that fellowship that was there to the intent to be drunken
an they might. There was a sort of scholars along either side the board, that
is to wit, Dixon yclept junior of saint Mary Merciable’s with other his fellows
Lynch and Madden, scholars of medicine, and the franklin that hight Lenehan and
one from Alba Longa, one Crotthers, and young Stephen that had mien of a frere
that was at head of the board and Costello that men clepen Punch Costello all
long of a mastery of him erewhile gested (and of all them, reserved young
Stephen, he was the most drunken that demanded still of more mead) and beside
the meek sir Leopold. But on young Malachi they waited for that he promised to
have come and such as intended to no goodness said how he had broke his avow.
And sir Leopold sat with them for he bore fast friendship to sir Simon and to
this his son young Stephen and for that his languor becalmed him there after
longest wanderings insomuch as they feasted him for that time in the
honourablest manner. Ruth red him, love led on with will to wander, loth to
leave.</p>
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<p>For they were right witty scholars. And he heard their aresouns each gen other
as touching birth and righteousness, young Madden maintaining that put such
case it were hard the wife to die (for so it had fallen out a matter of some
year agone with a woman of Eblana in Horne’s house that now was trespassed out
of this world and the self night next before her death all leeches and
pothecaries had taken counsel of her case). And they said farther she should
live because in the beginning, they said, the woman should bring forth in pain
and wherefore they that were of this imagination affirmed how young Madden had
said truth for he had conscience to let her die. And not few and of these was
young Lynch were in doubt that the world was now right evil governed as it was
never other howbeit the mean people believed it otherwise but the law nor his
judges did provide no remedy. A redress God grant. This was scant said but all
cried with one acclaim nay, by our Virgin Mother, the wife should live and the
babe to die. In colour whereof they waxed hot upon that head what with argument
and what for their drinking but the franklin Lenehan was prompt each when to
pour them ale so that at the least way mirth might not lack. Then young Madden
showed all the whole affair and said how that she was dead and how for holy
religion sake by rede of palmer and bedesman and for a vow he had made to Saint
Ultan of Arbraccan her goodman husband would not let her death whereby they
were all wondrous grieved. To whom young Stephen had these words following:
Murmur, sirs, is eke oft among lay folk. Both babe and parent now glorify their
Maker, the one in limbo gloom, the other in purgefire. But, gramercy, what of
those Godpossibled souls that we nightly impossibilise, which is the sin
against the Holy Ghost, Very God, Lord and Giver of Life? For, sirs, he said,
our lust is brief. We are means to those small creatures within us and nature
has other ends than we. Then said Dixon junior to Punch Costello wist he what
ends. But he had overmuch drunken and the best word he could have of him was
that he would ever dishonest a woman whoso she were or wife or maid or leman if
it so fortuned him to be delivered of his spleen of lustihead. Whereat
Crotthers of Alba Longa sang young Malachi’s praise of that beast the unicorn
how once in the millennium he cometh by his horn, the other all this while,
pricked forward with their jibes wherewith they did malice him, witnessing all
and several by saint Foutinus his engines that he was able to do any manner of
thing that lay in man to do. Thereat laughed they all right jocundly only young
Stephen and sir Leopold which never durst laugh too open by reason of a strange
humour which he would not bewray and also for that he rued for her that bare
whoso she might be or wheresoever. Then spake young Stephen orgulous of mother
Church that would cast him out of her bosom, of law of canons, of Lilith,
patron of abortions, of bigness wrought by wind of seeds of brightness or by
potency of vampires mouth to mouth or, as Virgilius saith, by the influence of
the occident or by the reek of moonflower or an she lie with a woman which her
man has but lain with, <em>effectu secuto</em>, or peradventure in her bath
according to the opinions of Averroes and Moses Maimonides. He said also how at
the end of the second month a human soul was infused and how in all our holy
mother foldeth ever souls for God’s greater glory whereas that earthly mother
which was but a dam to bear beastly should die by canon for so saith he that
holdeth the fisherman’s seal, even that blessed Peter on which rock was holy
church for all ages founded. All they bachelors then asked of sir Leopold would
he in like case so jeopard her person as risk life to save life. A wariness of
mind he would answer as fitted all and, laying hand to jaw, he said
dissembling, as his wont was, that as it was informed him, who had ever loved
the art of physic as might a layman, and agreeing also with his experience of
so seldomseen an accident it was good for that mother Church belike at one blow
had birth and death pence and in such sort deliverly he scaped their questions.
That is truth, pardy, said Dixon, and, or I err, a pregnant word. Which hearing
young Stephen was a marvellous glad man and he averred that he who stealeth
from the poor lendeth to the Lord for he was of a wild manner when he was
drunken and that he was now in that taking it appeared eftsoons.</p>
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<p>But sir Leopold was passing grave maugre his word by cause he still had pity of
the terrorcausing shrieking of shrill women in their labour and as he was
minded of his good lady Marion that had borne him an only manchild which on his
eleventh day on live had died and no man of art could save so dark is destiny.
And she was wondrous stricken of heart for that evil hap and for his burial did
him on a fair corselet of lamb’s wool, the flower of the flock, lest he might
perish utterly and lie akeled (for it was then about the midst of the winter)
and now sir Leopold that had of his body no manchild for an heir looked upon
him his friend’s son and was shut up in sorrow for his forepassed happiness and
as sad as he was that him failed a son of such gentle courage (for all
accounted him of real parts) so grieved he also in no less measure for young
Stephen for that he lived riotously with those wastrels and murdered his goods
with whores.</p>
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<p>About that present time young Stephen filled all cups that stood empty so as
there remained but little mo if the prudenter had not shadowed their approach
from him that still plied it very busily who, praying for the intentions of the
sovereign pontiff, he gave them for a pledge the vicar of Christ which also as
he said is vicar of Bray. Now drink we, quod he, of this mazer and quaff ye
this mead which is not indeed parcel of my body but my soul’s bodiment. Leave
ye fraction of bread to them that live by bread alone. Be not afeard neither
for any want for this will comfort more than the other will dismay. See ye
here. And he showed them glistering coins of the tribute and goldsmith notes
the worth of two pound nineteen shilling that he had, he said, for a song which
he writ. They all admired to see the foresaid riches in such dearth of money as
was herebefore. His words were then these as followeth: Know all men, he said,
time’s ruins build eternity’s mansions. What means this? Desire’s wind blasts
the thorntree but after it becomes from a bramblebush to be a rose upon the
rood of time. Mark me now. In woman’s womb word is made flesh but in the spirit
of the maker all flesh that passes becomes the word that shall not pass away.
This is the postcreation. <em>Omnis caro ad te veniet</em>. No question but her
name is puissant who aventried the dear corse of our Agenbuyer, Healer and
Herd, our mighty mother and mother most venerable and Bernardus saith aptly
that She hath an <em>omnipotentiam deiparae supplicem</em>, that is to wit, an
almightiness of petition because she is the second Eve and she won us, saith
Augustine too, whereas that other, our grandam, which we are linked up with by
successive anastomosis of navelcords sold us all, seed, breed and generation,
for a penny pippin. But here is the matter now. Or she knew him, that second I
say, and was but creature of her creature, <em>vergine madre, figlia di tuo
figlio</em>, or she knew him not and then stands she in the one denial or
ignorancy with Peter Piscator who lives in the house that Jack built and with
Joseph the joiner patron of the happy demise of all unhappy marriages,
<em>parceque M. Léo Taxil nous a dit que qui l’avait mise dans cette fichue
position c’était le sacré pigeon, ventre de Dieu! Entweder</em>
transubstantiality <em>oder</em> consubstantiality but in no case
subsubstantiality. And all cried out upon it for a very scurvy word. A
pregnancy without joy, he said, a birth without pangs, a body without blemish,
a belly without bigness. Let the lewd with faith and fervour worship. With will
will we withstand, withsay.</p>
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<p>Hereupon Punch Costello dinged with his fist upon the board and would sing a
bawdy catch <em>Staboo Stabella</em> about a wench that was put in pod of a jolly
swashbuckler in Almany which he did straightways now attack: <em>The first three
months she was not well, Staboo,</em> when here nurse Quigley from the door
angerly bid them hist ye should shame you nor was it not meet as she remembered
them being her mind was to have all orderly against lord Andrew came for
because she was jealous that no gasteful turmoil might shorten the honour of
her guard. It was an ancient and a sad matron of a sedate look and christian
walking, in habit dun beseeming her megrims and wrinkled visage, nor did her
hortative want of it effect for incontinently Punch Costello was of them all
embraided and they reclaimed the churl with civil rudeness some and shaked him
with menace of blandishments others whiles they all chode with him, a murrain
seize the dolt, what a devil he would be at, thou chuff, thou puny, thou got in
peasestraw, thou losel, thou chitterling, thou spawn of a rebel, thou
dykedropt, thou abortion thou, to shut up his drunken drool out of that like a
curse of God ape, the good sir Leopold that had for his cognisance the flower
of quiet, margerain gentle, advising also the time’s occasion as most sacred
and most worthy to be most sacred. In Horne’s house rest should reign.</p>
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<p>To be short this passage was scarce by when Master Dixon of Mary in Eccles,
goodly grinning, asked young Stephen what was the reason why he had not cided
to take friar’s vows and he answered him obedience in the womb, chastity in the
tomb but involuntary poverty all his days. Master Lenehan at this made return
that he had heard of those nefarious deeds and how, as he heard hereof counted,
he had besmirched the lily virtue of a confiding female which was corruption of
minors and they all intershowed it too, waxing merry and toasting to his
fathership. But he said very entirely it was clean contrary to their suppose
for he was the eternal son and ever virgin. Thereat mirth grew in them the more
and they rehearsed to him his curious rite of wedlock for the disrobing and
deflowering of spouses, as the priests use in Madagascar island, she to be in
guise of white and saffron, her groom in white and grain, with burning of nard
and tapers, on a bridebed while clerks sung kyries and the anthem <em>Ut novetur
sexus omnis corporis mysterium</em> till she was there unmaided. He gave them
then a much admirable hymen minim by those delicate poets Master John Fletcher
and Master Francis Beaumont that is in their <em>Maid’s Tragedy</em> that was
writ for a like twining of lovers: <em>To bed, to bed</em> was the burden of it
to be played with accompanable concent upon the virginals. An exquisite dulcet
epithalame of most mollificative suadency for juveniles amatory whom the
odoriferous flambeaus of the paranymphs have escorted to the quadrupedal
proscenium of connubial communion. Well met they were, said Master Dixon,
joyed, but, harkee, young sir, better were they named Beau Mount and Lecher
for, by my troth, of such a mingling much might come. Young Stephen said indeed
to his best remembrance they had but the one doxy between them and she of the
stews to make shift with in delights amorous for life ran very high in those
days and the custom of the country approved with it. Greater love than this, he
said, no man hath that a man lay down his wife for his friend. Go thou and do
likewise. Thus, or words to that effect, saith Zarathustra, sometime regius
professor of French letters to the university of Oxtail nor breathed there ever
that man to whom mankind was more beholden. Bring a stranger within thy tower
it will go hard but thou wilt have the secondbest bed. <em>Orate, fratres, pro
memetipso</em>. And all the people shall say, Amen. Remember, Erin, thy
generations and thy days of old, how thou settedst little by me and by my word
and broughtedst in a stranger to my gates to commit fornication in my sight and
to wax fat and kick like Jeshurum. Therefore hast thou sinned against my light
and hast made me, thy lord, to be the slave of servants. Return, return, Clan
Milly: forget me not, O Milesian. Why hast thou done this abomination before me
that thou didst spurn me for a merchant of jalaps and didst deny me to the
Roman and to the Indian of dark speech with whom thy daughters did lie
luxuriously? Look forth now, my people, upon the land of behest, even from
Horeb and from Nebo and from Pisgah and from the Horns of Hatten unto a land
flowing with milk and money. But thou hast suckled me with a bitter milk: my
moon and my sun thou hast quenched for ever. And thou hast left me alone for
ever in the dark ways of my bitterness: and with a kiss of ashes hast thou
kissed my mouth. This tenebrosity of the interior, he proceeded to say, hath
not been illumined by the wit of the septuagint nor so much as mentioned for
the Orient from on high which brake hell’s gates visited a darkness that was
foraneous. Assuefaction minorates atrocities (as Tully saith of his darling
Stoics) and Hamlet his father showeth the prince no blister of combustion. The
adiaphane in the noon of life is an Egypt’s plague which in the nights of
prenativity and postmortemity is their most proper <em>ubi</em> and
<em>quomodo</em>. And as the ends and ultimates of all things accord in some mean
and measure with their inceptions and originals, that same multiplicit
concordance which leads forth growth from birth accomplishing by a
retrogressive metamorphosis that minishing and ablation towards the final which
is agreeable unto nature so is it with our subsolar being. The aged sisters
draw us into life: we wail, batten, sport, clip, clasp, sunder, dwindle, die:
over us dead they bend. First, saved from waters of old Nile, among bulrushes,
a bed of fasciated wattles: at last the cavity of a mountain, an occulted
sepulchre amid the conclamation of the hillcat and the ossifrage. And as no man
knows the ubicity of his tumulus nor to what processes we shall thereby be
ushered nor whether to Tophet or to Edenville in the like way is all hidden
when we would backward see from what region of remoteness the whatness of our
whoness hath fetched his whenceness.</p>
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<p>Thereto Punch Costello roared out mainly <em>Etienne chanson</em> but he loudly
bid them, lo, wisdom hath built herself a house, this vast majestic
longstablished vault, the crystal palace of the Creator, all in applepie order,
a penny for him who finds the pea.</p>
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<p>Behold the mansion reared by dedal Jack<br/>See the malt stored in many a refluent sack,<br/>In the proud cirque of Jackjohn’s bivouac.</p>
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<p>A black crack of noise in the street here, alack, bawled back. Loud on left
Thor thundered: in anger awful the hammerhurler. Came now the storm that hist
his heart. And Master Lynch bade him have a care to flout and witwanton as the
god self was angered for his hellprate and paganry. And he that had erst
challenged to be so doughty waxed wan as they might all mark and shrank
together and his pitch that was before so haught uplift was now of a sudden
quite plucked down and his heart shook within the cage of his breast as he
tasted the rumour of that storm. Then did some mock and some jeer and Punch
Costello fell hard again to his yale which Master Lenehan vowed he would do
after and he was indeed but a word and a blow on any the least colour. But the
braggart boaster cried that an old Nobodaddy was in his cups it was muchwhat
indifferent and he would not lag behind his lead. But this was only to dye his
desperation as cowed he crouched in Horne’s hall. He drank indeed at one
draught to pluck up a heart of any grace for it thundered long rumblingly over
all the heavens so that Master Madden, being godly certain whiles, knocked him
on his ribs upon that crack of doom and Master Bloom, at the braggart’s side,
spoke to him calming words to slumber his great fear, advertising how it was no
other thing but a hubbub noise that he heard, the discharge of fluid from the
thunderhead, look you, having taken place, and all of the order of a natural
phenomenon.</p>
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<p>But was young Boasthard’s fear vanquished by Calmer’s words? No, for he had in
his bosom a spike named Bitterness which could not by words be done away. And
was he then neither calm like the one nor godly like the other? He was neither
as much as he would have liked to be either. But could he not have endeavoured
to have found again as in his youth the bottle Holiness that then he lived
withal? Indeed no for Grace was not there to find that bottle. Heard he then in
that clap the voice of the god Bringforth or, what Calmer said, a hubbub of
Phenomenon? Heard? Why, he could not but hear unless he had plugged him up the
tube Understanding (which he had not done). For through that tube he saw that
he was in the land of Phenomenon where he must for a certain one day die as he
was like the rest too a passing show. And would he not accept to die like the
rest and pass away? By no means would he though he must nor would he make more
shows according as men do with wives which Phenomenon has commanded them to do
by the book Law. Then wotted he nought of that other land which is called
Believe-on-Me, that is the land of promise which behoves to the king Delightful
and shall be for ever where there is no death and no birth neither wiving nor
mothering at which all shall come as many as believe on it? Yes, Pious had told
him of that land and Chaste had pointed him to the way but the reason was that
in the way he fell in with a certain whore of an eyepleasing exterior whose
name, she said, is Bird-in-the-Hand and she beguiled him wrongways from the
true path by her flatteries that she said to him as, Ho, you pretty man, turn
aside hither and I will show you a brave place, and she lay at him so
flatteringly that she had him in her grot which is named Two-in-the-Bush or, by
some learned, Carnal Concupiscence.</p>
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<p>This was it what all that company that sat there at commons in Manse of Mothers
the most lusted after and if they met with this whore Bird-in-the-Hand (which
was within all foul plagues, monsters and a wicked devil) they would strain the
last but they would make at her and know her. For regarding Believe-on-Me they
said it was nought else but notion and they could conceive no thought of it
for, first, Two-in-the-Bush whither she ticed them was the very goodliest grot
and in it were four pillows on which were four tickets with these words printed
on them, Pickaback and Topsyturvy and Shameface and Cheek by Jowl and, second,
for that foul plague Allpox and the monsters they cared not for them for
Preservative had given them a stout shield of oxengut and, third, that they
might take no hurt neither from Offspring that was that wicked devil by virtue
of this same shield which was named Killchild. So were they all in their blind
fancy, Mr Cavil and Mr Sometimes Godly, Mr Ape Swillale, Mr False Franklin, Mr
Dainty Dixon, Young Boasthard and Mr Cautious Calmer. Wherein, O wretched
company, were ye all deceived for that was the voice of the god that was in a
very grievous rage that he would presently lift his arm up and spill their
souls for their abuses and their spillings done by them contrariwise to his
word which forth to bring brenningly biddeth.</p>
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<p>So Thursday sixteenth June Patk. Dignam laid in clay of an apoplexy and after
hard drought, please God, rained, a bargeman coming in by water a fifty mile or
thereabout with turf saying the seed won’t sprout, fields athirst, very
sadcoloured and stunk mightily, the quags and tofts too. Hard to breathe and
all the young quicks clean consumed without sprinkle this long while back as no
man remembered to be without. The rosy buds all gone brown and spread out blobs
and on the hills nought but dry flag and faggots that would catch at first
fire. All the world saying, for aught they knew, the big wind of last February
a year that did havoc the land so pitifully a small thing beside this
barrenness. But by and by, as said, this evening after sundown, the wind
sitting in the west, biggish swollen clouds to be seen as the night increased
and the weatherwise poring up at them and some sheet lightnings at first and
after, past ten of the clock, one great stroke with a long thunder and in a
brace of shakes all scamper pellmell within door for the smoking shower, the
men making shelter for their straws with a clout or kerchief, womenfolk
skipping off with kirtles catched up soon as the pour came. In Ely place,
Baggot street, Duke’s lawn, thence through Merrion green up to Holles street a
swash of water flowing that was before bonedry and not one chair or coach or
fiacre seen about but no more crack after that first. Over against the Rt. Hon.
Mr Justice Fitzgibbon’s door (that is to sit with Mr Healy the lawyer upon the
college lands) Mal. Mulligan a gentleman’s gentleman that had but come from Mr
Moore’s the writer’s (that was a papish but is now, folk say, a good
Williamite) chanced against Alec. Bannon in a cut bob (which are now in with
dance cloaks of Kendal green) that was new got to town from Mullingar with the
stage where his coz and Mal M’s brother will stay a month yet till Saint
Swithin and asks what in the earth he does there, he bound home and he to
Andrew Horne’s being stayed for to crush a cup of wine, so he said, but would
tell him of a skittish heifer, big of her age and beef to the heel, and all
this while poured with rain and so both together on to Horne’s. There Leop.
Bloom of Crawford’s journal sitting snug with a covey of wags, likely brangling
fellows, Dixon jun., scholar of my lady of Mercy’s, Vin. Lynch, a Scots fellow,
Will. Madden, T. Lenehan, very sad about a racer he fancied and Stephen D.
Leop. Bloom there for a languor he had but was now better, he having dreamed
tonight a strange fancy of his dame Mrs Moll with red slippers on in a pair of
Turkey trunks which is thought by those in ken to be for a change and Mistress
Purefoy there, that got in through pleading her belly, and now on the stools,
poor body, two days past her term, the midwives sore put to it and can’t
deliver, she queasy for a bowl of riceslop that is a shrewd drier up of the
insides and her breath very heavy more than good and should be a bullyboy from
the knocks, they say, but God give her soon issue. ’Tis her ninth chick to
live, I hear, and Lady day bit off her last chick’s nails that was then a
twelvemonth and with other three all breastfed that died written out in a fair
hand in the king’s bible. Her hub fifty odd and a methodist but takes the
sacrament and is to be seen any fair sabbath with a pair of his boys off
Bullock harbour dapping on the sound with a heavybraked reel or in a punt he
has trailing for flounder and pollock and catches a fine bag, I hear. In sum an
infinite great fall of rain and all refreshed and will much increase the
harvest yet those in ken say after wind and water fire shall come for a
prognostication of Malachi’s almanac (and I hear that Mr Russell has done a
prophetical charm of the same gist out of the Hindustanish for his farmer’s
gazette) to have three things in all but this a mere fetch without bottom of
reason for old crones and bairns yet sometimes they are found in the right
guess with their queerities no telling how.</p>
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<p>With this came up Lenehan to the feet of the table to say how the letter was in
that night’s gazette and he made a show to find it about him (for he swore with
an oath that he had been at pains about it) but on Stephen’s persuasion he gave
over the search and was bidden to sit near by which he did mighty brisk. He was
a kind of sport gentleman that went for a merryandrew or honest pickle and what
belonged of women, horseflesh or hot scandal he had it pat. To tell the truth
he was mean in fortunes and for the most part hankered about the coffeehouses
and low taverns with crimps, ostlers, bookies, Paul’s men, runners, flatcaps,
waistcoateers, ladies of the bagnio and other rogues of the game or with a
chanceable catchpole or a tipstaff often at nights till broad day of whom he
picked up between his sackpossets much loose gossip. He took his ordinary at a
boilingcook’s and if he had but gotten into him a mess of broken victuals or a
platter of tripes with a bare tester in his purse he could always bring himself
off with his tongue, some randy quip he had from a punk or whatnot that every
mother’s son of them would burst their sides. The other, Costello that is,
hearing this talk asked was it poetry or a tale. Faith, no, he says, Frank
(that was his name), ’tis all about Kerry cows that are to be butchered along
of the plague. But they can go hang, says he with a wink, for me with their
bully beef, a pox on it. There’s as good fish in this tin as ever came out of
it and very friendly he offered to take of some salty sprats that stood by
which he had eyed wishly in the meantime and found the place which was indeed
the chief design of his embassy as he was sharpset. <em>Mort aux vaches</em>,
says Frank then in the French language that had been indentured to a
brandyshipper that has a winelodge in Bordeaux and he spoke French like a
gentleman too. From a child this Frank had been a donought that his father, a
headborough, who could ill keep him to school to learn his letters and the use
of the globes, matriculated at the university to study the mechanics but he
took the bit between his teeth like a raw colt and was more familiar with the
justiciary and the parish beadle than with his volumes. One time he would be a
playactor, then a sutler or a welsher, then nought would keep him from the
bearpit and the cocking main, then he was for the ocean sea or to hoof it on
the roads with the romany folk, kidnapping a squire’s heir by favour of
moonlight or fecking maids’ linen or choking chicken behind a hedge. He had
been off as many times as a cat has lives and back again with naked pockets as
many more to his father the headborough who shed a pint of tears as often as he
saw him. What, says Mr Leopold with his hands across, that was earnest to know
the drift of it, will they slaughter all? I protest I saw them but this day
morning going to the Liverpool boats, says he. I can scarce believe ’tis so
bad, says he. And he had experience of the like brood beasts and of springers,
greasy hoggets and wether wool, having been some years before actuary for Mr
Joseph Cuffe, a worthy salesmaster that drove his trade for live stock and
meadow auctions hard by Mr Gavin Low’s yard in Prussia street. I question with
you there, says he. More like ’tis the hoose or the timber tongue. Mr Stephen,
a little moved but very handsomely told him no such matter and that he had
dispatches from the emperor’s chief tailtickler thanking him for the
hospitality, that was sending over Doctor Rinderpest, the bestquoted cowcatcher
in all Muscovy, with a bolus or two of physic to take the bull by the horns.
Come, come, says Mr Vincent, plain dealing. He’ll find himself on the horns of
a dilemma if he meddles with a bull that’s Irish, says he. Irish by name and
irish by nature, says Mr Stephen, and he sent the ale purling about, an Irish
bull in an English chinashop. I conceive you, says Mr Dixon. It is that same
bull that was sent to our island by farmer Nicholas, the bravest cattlebreeder
of them all, with an emerald ring in his nose. True for you, says Mr Vincent
cross the table, and a bullseye into the bargain, says he, and a plumper and a
portlier bull, says he, never shit on shamrock. He had horns galore, a coat of
cloth of gold and a sweet smoky breath coming out of his nostrils so that the
women of our island, leaving doughballs and rollingpins, followed after him
hanging his bulliness in daisychains. What for that, says Mr Dixon, but before
he came over farmer Nicholas that was a eunuch had him properly gelded by a
college of doctors who were no better off than himself. So be off now, says he,
and do all my cousin german the lord Harry tells you and take a farmer’s
blessing, and with that he slapped his posteriors very soundly. But the slap
and the blessing stood him friend, says Mr Vincent, for to make up he taught
him a trick worth two of the other so that maid, wife, abbess and widow to this
day affirm that they would rather any time of the month whisper in his ear in
the dark of a cowhouse or get a lick on the nape from his long holy tongue than
lie with the finest strapping young ravisher in the four fields of all Ireland.
Another then put in his word: And they dressed him, says he, in a point shift
and petticoat with a tippet and girdle and ruffles on his wrists and clipped
his forelock and rubbed him all over with spermacetic oil and built stables for
him at every turn of the road with a gold manger in each full of the best hay
in the market so that he could doss and dung to his heart’s content. By this
time the father of the faithful (for so they called him) was grown so heavy
that he could scarce walk to pasture. To remedy which our cozening dames and
damsels brought him his fodder in their apronlaps and as soon as his belly was
full he would rear up on his hind quarters to show their ladyships a mystery
and roar and bellow out of him in bulls’ language and they all after him. Ay,
says another, and so pampered was he that he would suffer nought to grow in all
the land but green grass for himself (for that was the only colour to his mind)
and there was a board put up on a hillock in the middle of the island with a
printed notice, saying: By the Lord Harry, Green is the grass that grows on the
ground. And, says Mr Dixon, if ever he got scent of a cattleraider in Roscommon
or the wilds of Connemara or a husbandman in Sligo that was sowing as much as a
handful of mustard or a bag of rapeseed out he’d run amok over half the
countryside rooting up with his horns whatever was planted and all by lord
Harry’s orders. There was bad blood between them at first, says Mr Vincent, and
the lord Harry called farmer Nicholas all the old Nicks in the world and an old
whoremaster that kept seven trulls in his house and I’ll meddle in his matters,
says he. I’ll make that animal smell hell, says he, with the help of that good
pizzle my father left me. But one evening, says Mr Dixon, when the lord Harry
was cleaning his royal pelt to go to dinner after winning a boatrace (he had
spade oars for himself but the first rule of the course was that the others
were to row with pitchforks) he discovered in himself a wonderful likeness to a
bull and on picking up a blackthumbed chapbook that he kept in the pantry he
found sure enough that he was a lefthanded descendant of the famous champion
bull of the Romans, <em>Bos Bovum</em>, which is good bog Latin for boss of the
show. After that, says Mr Vincent, the lord Harry put his head into a cow’s
drinkingtrough in the presence of all his courtiers and pulling it out again
told them all his new name. Then, with the water running off him, he got into
an old smock and skirt that had belonged to his grandmother and bought a
grammar of the bulls’ language to study but he could never learn a word of it
except the first personal pronoun which he copied out big and got off by heart
and if ever he went out for a walk he filled his pockets with chalk to write it
upon what took his fancy, the side of a rock or a teahouse table or a bale of
cotton or a corkfloat. In short, he and the bull of Ireland were soon as fast
friends as an arse and a shirt. They were, says Mr Stephen, and the end was
that the men of the island seeing no help was toward, as the ungrate women were
all of one mind, made a wherry raft, loaded themselves and their bundles of
chattels on shipboard, set all masts erect, manned the yards, sprang their
luff, heaved to, spread three sheets in the wind, put her head between wind and
water, weighed anchor, ported her helm, ran up the jolly Roger, gave three
times three, let the bullgine run, pushed off in their bumboat and put to sea
to recover the main of America. Which was the occasion, says Mr Vincent, of the
composing by a boatswain of that rollicking chanty:</p>
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<p><em>—Pope Peter’s but a pissabed.<br/>A man’s a man for a’ that.</em></p>
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<p>Our worthy acquaintance Mr Malachi Mulligan now appeared in the doorway as the
students were finishing their apologue accompanied with a friend whom he had
just rencountered, a young gentleman, his name Alec Bannon, who had late come
to town, it being his intention to buy a colour or a cornetcy in the fencibles
and list for the wars. Mr Mulligan was civil enough to express some relish of
it all the more as it jumped with a project of his own for the cure of the very
evil that had been touched on. Whereat he handed round to the company a set of
pasteboard cards which he had had printed that day at Mr Quinnell’s bearing a
legend printed in fair italics: <em>Mr Malachi Mulligan. Fertiliser and
Incubator. Lambay Island</em>. His project, as he went on to expound, was to
withdraw from the round of idle pleasures such as form the chief business of
sir Fopling Popinjay and sir Milksop Quidnunc in town and to devote himself to
the noblest task for which our bodily organism has been framed. Well, let us
hear of it, good my friend, said Mr Dixon. I make no doubt it smacks of
wenching. Come, be seated, both. ’Tis as cheap sitting as standing. Mr Mulligan
accepted of the invitation and, expatiating upon his design, told his hearers
that he had been led into this thought by a consideration of the causes of
sterility, both the inhibitory and the prohibitory, whether the inhibition in
its turn were due to conjugal vexations or to a parsimony of the balance as
well as whether the prohibition proceeded from defects congenital or from
proclivities acquired. It grieved him plaguily, he said, to see the nuptial
couch defrauded of its dearest pledges: and to reflect upon so many agreeable
females with rich jointures, a prey to the vilest bonzes, who hide their
flambeau under a bushel in an uncongenial cloister or lose their womanly bloom
in the embraces of some unaccountable muskin when they might multiply the
inlets of happiness, sacrificing the inestimable jewel of their sex when a
hundred pretty fellows were at hand to caress, this, he assured them, made his
heart weep. To curb this inconvenient (which he concluded due to a suppression
of latent heat), having advised with certain counsellors of worth and inspected
into this matter, he had resolved to purchase in fee simple for ever the
freehold of Lambay island from its holder, lord Talbot de Malahide, a Tory
gentleman of note much in favour with our ascendancy party. He proposed to set
up there a national fertilising farm to be named <em>Omphalos</em> with an
obelisk hewn and erected after the fashion of Egypt and to offer his dutiful
yeoman services for the fecundation of any female of what grade of life soever
who should there direct to him with the desire of fulfilling the functions of
her natural. Money was no object, he said, nor would he take a penny for his
pains. The poorest kitchenwench no less than the opulent lady of fashion, if so
be their constructions and their tempers were warm persuaders for their
petitions, would find in him their man. For his nutriment he shewed how he
would feed himself exclusively upon a diet of savoury tubercles and fish and
coneys there, the flesh of these latter prolific rodents being highly
recommended for his purpose, both broiled and stewed with a blade of mace and a
pod or two of capsicum chillies. After this homily which he delivered with much
warmth of asseveration Mr Mulligan in a trice put off from his hat a kerchief
with which he had shielded it. They both, it seems, had been overtaken by the
rain and for all their mending their pace had taken water, as might be observed
by Mr Mulligan’s smallclothes of a hodden grey which was now somewhat piebald.
His project meanwhile was very favourably entertained by his auditors and won
hearty eulogies from all though Mr Dixon of Mary’s excepted to it, asking with
a finicking air did he purpose also to carry coals to Newcastle. Mr Mulligan
however made court to the scholarly by an apt quotation from the classics
which, as it dwelt upon his memory, seemed to him a sound and tasteful support
of his contention: <em>Talis ac tanta depravatio hujus seculi, O quirites, ut
matresfamiliarum nostrae lascivas cujuslibet semiviri libici titillationes
testibus ponderosis atque excelsis erectionibus centurionum Romanorum magnopere
anteponunt</em>, while for those of ruder wit he drove home his point by
analogies of the animal kingdom more suitable to their stomach, the buck and
doe of the forest glade, the farmyard drake and duck.</p>
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<p>Valuing himself not a little upon his elegance, being indeed a proper man of
person, this talkative now applied himself to his dress with animadversions of
some heat upon the sudden whimsy of the atmospherics while the company lavished
their encomiums upon the project he had advanced. The young gentleman, his
friend, overjoyed as he was at a passage that had late befallen him, could not
forbear to tell it his nearest neighbour. Mr Mulligan, now perceiving the
table, asked for whom were those loaves and fishes and, seeing the stranger, he
made him a civil bow and said, Pray, sir, was you in need of any professional
assistance we could give? Who, upon his offer, thanked him very heartily,
though preserving his proper distance, and replied that he was come there about
a lady, now an inmate of Horne’s house, that was in an interesting condition,
poor body, from woman’s woe (and here he fetched a deep sigh) to know if her
happiness had yet taken place. Mr Dixon, to turn the table, took on to ask of
Mr Mulligan himself whether his incipient ventripotence, upon which he rallied
him, betokened an ovoblastic gestation in the prostatic utricle or male womb or
was due, as with the noted physician, Mr Austin Meldon, to a wolf in the
stomach. For answer Mr Mulligan, in a gale of laughter at his smalls, smote
himself bravely below the diaphragm, exclaiming with an admirable droll mimic
of Mother Grogan (the most excellent creature of her sex though ’tis pity she’s
a trollop): There’s a belly that never bore a bastard. This was so happy a
conceit that it renewed the storm of mirth and threw the whole room into the
most violent agitations of delight. The spry rattle had run on in the same vein
of mimicry but for some larum in the antechamber.</p>
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<p>Here the listener who was none other than the Scotch student, a little fume of
a fellow, blond as tow, congratulated in the liveliest fashion with the young
gentleman and, interrupting the narrative at a salient point, having desired
his visavis with a polite beck to have the obligingness to pass him a flagon of
cordial waters at the same time by a questioning poise of the head (a whole
century of polite breeding had not achieved so nice a gesture) to which was
united an equivalent but contrary balance of the bottle asked the narrator as
plainly as was ever done in words if he might treat him with a cup of it.
<em>Mais bien sûr</em>, noble stranger, said he cheerily, <em>et mille
compliments</em>. That you may and very opportunely. There wanted nothing but
this cup to crown my felicity. But, gracious heaven, was I left with but a
crust in my wallet and a cupful of water from the well, my God, I would accept
of them and find it in my heart to kneel down upon the ground and give thanks
to the powers above for the happiness vouchsafed me by the Giver of good
things. With these words he approached the goblet to his lips, took a
complacent draught of the cordial, slicked his hair and, opening his bosom, out
popped a locket that hung from a silk riband, that very picture which he had
cherished ever since her hand had wrote therein. Gazing upon those features
with a world of tenderness, Ah, Monsieur, he said, had you but beheld her as I
did with these eyes at that affecting instant with her dainty tucker and her
new coquette cap (a gift for her feastday as she told me prettily) in such an
artless disorder, of so melting a tenderness, ’pon my conscience, even you,
Monsieur, had been impelled by generous nature to deliver yourself wholly into
the hands of such an enemy or to quit the field for ever. I declare, I was
never so touched in all my life. God, I thank thee, as the Author of my days!
Thrice happy will he be whom so amiable a creature will bless with her favours.
A sigh of affection gave eloquence to these words and, having replaced the
locket in his bosom, he wiped his eye and sighed again. Beneficent Disseminator
of blessings to all Thy creatures, how great and universal must be that
sweetest of Thy tyrannies which can hold in thrall the free and the bond, the
simple swain and the polished coxcomb, the lover in the heyday of reckless
passion and the husband of maturer years. But indeed, sir, I wander from the
point. How mingled and imperfect are all our sublunary joys. Maledicity! he
exclaimed in anguish. Would to God that foresight had but remembered me to take
my cloak along! I could weep to think of it. Then, though it had poured seven
showers, we were neither of us a penny the worse. But beshrew me, he cried,
clapping hand to his forehead, tomorrow will be a new day and, thousand
thunders, I know of a <em>marchand de capotes</em>, Monsieur Poyntz, from whom I
can have for a <em>livre</em> as snug a cloak of the French fashion as ever kept
a lady from wetting. Tut, tut! cries Le Fécondateur, tripping in, my friend
Monsieur Moore, that most accomplished traveller (I have just cracked a half
bottle <em>avec lui</em> in a circle of the best wits of the town), is my
authority that in Cape Horn, <em>ventre biche</em>, they have a rain that will
wet through any, even the stoutest cloak. A drenching of that violence, he
tells me, <em>sans blague</em>, has sent more than one luckless fellow in good
earnest posthaste to another world. Pooh! A <em>livre!</em> cries Monsieur Lynch.
The clumsy things are dear at a sou. One umbrella, were it no bigger than a
fairy mushroom, is worth ten such stopgaps. No woman of any wit would wear one.
My dear Kitty told me today that she would dance in a deluge before ever she
would starve in such an ark of salvation for, as she reminded me (blushing
piquantly and whispering in my ear though there was none to snap her words but
giddy butterflies), dame Nature, by the divine blessing, has implanted it in
our hearts and it has become a household word that <em>il y a deux choses</em>
for which the innocence of our original garb, in other circumstances a breach
of the proprieties, is the fittest, nay, the only garment. The first, said she
(and here my pretty philosopher, as I handed her to her tilbury, to fix my
attention, gently tipped with her tongue the outer chamber of my ear), the
first is a bath... But at this point a bell tinkling in the hall cut short a
discourse which promised so bravely for the enrichment of our store of
knowledge.</p>
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<p>Amid the general vacant hilarity of the assembly a bell rang and, while all
were conjecturing what might be the cause, Miss Callan entered and, having
spoken a few words in a low tone to young Mr Dixon, retired with a profound bow
to the company. The presence even for a moment among a party of debauchees of a
woman endued with every quality of modesty and not less severe than beautiful
refrained the humourous sallies even of the most licentious but her departure
was the signal for an outbreak of ribaldry. Strike me silly, said Costello, a
low fellow who was fuddled. A monstrous fine bit of cowflesh! I’ll be sworn she
has rendezvoused you. What, you dog? Have you a way with them? Gad’s bud,
immensely so, said Mr Lynch. The bedside manner it is that they use in the
Mater hospice. Demme, does not Doctor O’Gargle chuck the nuns there under the
chin. As I look to be saved I had it from my Kitty who has been wardmaid there
any time these seven months. Lawksamercy, doctor, cried the young blood in the
primrose vest, feigning a womanish simper and with immodest squirmings of his
body, how you do tease a body! Drat the man! Bless me, I’m all of a wibbly
wobbly. Why, you’re as bad as dear little Father Cantekissem, that you are! May
this pot of four half choke me, cried Costello, if she aint in the family way.
I knows a lady what’s got a white swelling quick as I claps eyes on her. The
young surgeon, however, rose and begged the company to excuse his retreat as
the nurse had just then informed him that he was needed in the ward. Merciful
providence had been pleased to put a period to the sufferings of the lady who
was <em>enceinte</em> which she had borne with a laudable fortitude and she had
given birth to a bouncing boy. I want patience, said he, with those who,
without wit to enliven or learning to instruct, revile an ennobling profession
which, saving the reverence due to the Deity, is the greatest power for
happiness upon the earth. I am positive when I say that if need were I could
produce a cloud of witnesses to the excellence of her noble exercitations
which, so far from being a byword, should be a glorious incentive in the human
breast. I cannot away with them. What? Malign such an one, the amiable Miss
Callan, who is the lustre of her own sex and the astonishment of ours? And at
an instant the most momentous that can befall a puny child of clay? Perish the
thought! I shudder to think of the future of a race where the seeds of such
malice have been sown and where no right reverence is rendered to mother and
maid in house of Horne. Having delivered himself of this rebuke he saluted
those present on the by and repaired to the door. A murmur of approval arose
from all and some were for ejecting the low soaker without more ado, a design
which would have been effected nor would he have received more than his bare
deserts had he not abridged his transgression by affirming with a horrid
imprecation (for he swore a round hand) that he was as good a son of the true
fold as ever drew breath. Stap my vitals, said he, them was always the
sentiments of honest Frank Costello which I was bred up most particular to
honour thy father and thy mother that had the best hand to a rolypoly or a
hasty pudding as you ever see what I always looks back on with a loving heart.</p>
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<p>To revert to Mr Bloom who, after his first entry, had been conscious of some
impudent mocks which he however had borne with as being the fruits of that age
upon which it is commonly charged that it knows not pity. The young sparks, it
is true, were as full of extravagancies as overgrown children: the words of
their tumultuary discussions were difficultly understood and not often nice:
their testiness and outrageous <em>mots</em> were such that his intellects
resiled from: nor were they scrupulously sensible of the proprieties though
their fund of strong animal spirits spoke in their behalf. But the word of Mr
Costello was an unwelcome language for him for he nauseated the wretch that
seemed to him a cropeared creature of a misshapen gibbosity, born out of
wedlock and thrust like a crookback toothed and feet first into the world,
which the dint of the surgeon’s pliers in his skull lent indeed a colour to, so
as to put him in thought of that missing link of creation’s chain desiderated
by the late ingenious Mr Darwin. It was now for more than the middle span of
our allotted years that he had passed through the thousand vicissitudes of
existence and, being of a wary ascendancy and self a man of rare forecast, he
had enjoined his heart to repress all motions of a rising choler and, by
intercepting them with the readiest precaution, foster within his breast that
plenitude of sufferance which base minds jeer at, rash judgers scorn and all
find tolerable and but tolerable. To those who create themselves wits at the
cost of feminine delicacy (a habit of mind which he never did hold with) to
them he would concede neither to bear the name nor to herit the tradition of a
proper breeding: while for such that, having lost all forbearance, can lose no
more, there remained the sharp antidote of experience to cause their insolency
to beat a precipitate and inglorious retreat. Not but what he could feel with
mettlesome youth which, caring nought for the mows of dotards or the gruntlings
of the severe, is ever (as the chaste fancy of the Holy Writer expresses it)
for eating of the tree forbid it yet not so far forth as to pretermit humanity
upon any condition soever towards a gentlewoman when she was about her lawful
occasions. To conclude, while from the sister’s words he had reckoned upon a
speedy delivery he was, however, it must be owned, not a little alleviated by
the intelligence that the issue so auspicated after an ordeal of such duress
now testified once more to the mercy as well as to the bounty of the Supreme
Being.</p>
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<p>Accordingly he broke his mind to his neighbour, saying that, to express his
notion of the thing, his opinion (who ought not perchance to express one) was
that one must have a cold constitution and a frigid genius not to be rejoiced
by this freshest news of the fruition of her confinement since she had been in
such pain through no fault of hers. The dressy young blade said it was her
husband’s that put her in that expectation or at least it ought to be unless
she were another Ephesian matron. I must acquaint you, said Mr Crotthers,
clapping on the table so as to evoke a resonant comment of emphasis, old Glory
Allelujurum was round again today, an elderly man with dundrearies, preferring
through his nose a request to have word of Wilhelmina, my life, as he calls
her. I bade him hold himself in readiness for that the event would burst anon.
’Slife, I’ll be round with you. I cannot but extol the virile potency of the
old bucko that could still knock another child out of her. All fell to praising
of it, each after his own fashion, though the same young blade held with his
former view that another than her conjugial had been the man in the gap, a
clerk in orders, a linkboy (virtuous) or an itinerant vendor of articles needed
in every household. Singular, communed the guest with himself, the wonderfully
unequal faculty of metempsychosis possessed by them, that the puerperal
dormitory and the dissecting theatre should be the seminaries of such
frivolity, that the mere acquisition of academic titles should suffice to
transform in a pinch of time these votaries of levity into exemplary
practitioners of an art which most men anywise eminent have esteemed the
noblest. But, he further added, it is mayhap to relieve the pentup feelings
that in common oppress them for I have more than once observed that birds of a
feather laugh together.</p>
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<p>But with what fitness, let it be asked of the noble lord, his patron, has this
alien, whom the concession of a gracious prince has admitted to civic rights,
constituted himself the lord paramount of our internal polity? Where is now
that gratitude which loyalty should have counselled? During the recent war
whenever the enemy had a temporary advantage with his granados did this traitor
to his kind not seize that moment to discharge his piece against the empire of
which he is a tenant at will while he trembled for the security of his four per
cents? Has he forgotten this as he forgets all benefits received? Or is it that
from being a deluder of others he has become at last his own dupe as he is, if
report belie him not, his own and his only enjoyer? Far be it from candour to
violate the bedchamber of a respectable lady, the daughter of a gallant major,
or to cast the most distant reflections upon her virtue but if he challenges
attention there (as it was indeed highly his interest not to have done) then be
it so. Unhappy woman, she has been too long and too persistently denied her
legitimate prerogative to listen to his objurgations with any other feeling
than the derision of the desperate. He says this, a censor of morals, a very
pelican in his piety, who did not scruple, oblivious of the ties of nature, to
attempt illicit intercourse with a female domestic drawn from the lowest strata
of society! Nay, had the hussy’s scouringbrush not been her tutelary angel, it
had gone with her as hard as with Hagar, the Egyptian! In the question of the
grazing lands his peevish asperity is notorious and in Mr Cuffe’s hearing
brought upon him from an indignant rancher a scathing retort couched in terms
as straightforward as they were bucolic. It ill becomes him to preach that
gospel. Has he not nearer home a seedfield that lies fallow for the want of the
ploughshare? A habit reprehensible at puberty is second nature and an
opprobrium in middle life. If he must dispense his balm of Gilead in nostrums
and apothegms of dubious taste to restore to health a generation of unfledged
profligates let his practice consist better with the doctrines that now engross
him. His marital breast is the repository of secrets which decorum is reluctant
to adduce. The lewd suggestions of some faded beauty may console him for a
consort neglected and debauched but this new exponent of morals and healer of
ills is at his best an exotic tree which, when rooted in its native orient,
throve and flourished and was abundant in balm but, transplanted to a clime
more temperate, its roots have lost their quondam vigour while the stuff that
comes away from it is stagnant, acid and inoperative.</p>
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<p>The news was imparted with a circumspection recalling the ceremonial usage of
the Sublime Porte by the second female infirmarian to the junior medical
officer in residence, who in his turn announced to the delegation that an heir
had been born. When he had betaken himself to the women’s apartment to assist
at the prescribed ceremony of the afterbirth in the presence of the secretary
of state for domestic affairs and the members of the privy council, silent in
unanimous exhaustion and approbation the delegates, chafing under the length
and solemnity of their vigil and hoping that the joyful occurrence would
palliate a licence which the simultaneous absence of abigail and obstetrician
rendered the easier, broke out at once into a strife of tongues. In vain the
voice of Mr Canvasser Bloom was heard endeavouring to urge, to mollify, to
refrain. The moment was too propitious for the display of that discursiveness
which seemed the only bond of union among tempers so divergent. Every phase of
the situation was successively eviscerated: the prenatal repugnance of uterine
brothers, the Caesarean section, posthumity with respect to the father and,
that rarer form, with respect to the mother, the fratricidal case known as the
Childs Murder and rendered memorable by the impassioned plea of Mr Advocate
Bushe which secured the acquittal of the wrongfully accused, the rights of
primogeniture and king’s bounty touching twins and triplets, miscarriages and
infanticides, simulated or dissimulated, the acardiac <em>foetus in foetu</em>
and aprosopia due to a congestion, the agnathia of certain chinless Chinamen
(cited by Mr Candidate Mulligan) in consequence of defective reunion of the
maxillary knobs along the medial line so that (as he said) one ear could hear
what the other spoke, the benefits of anesthesia or twilight sleep, the
prolongation of labour pains in advanced gravidancy by reason of pressure on
the vein, the premature relentment of the amniotic fluid (as exemplified in the
actual case) with consequent peril of sepsis to the matrix, artificial
insemination by means of syringes, involution of the womb consequent upon the
menopause, the problem of the perpetration of the species in the case of
females impregnated by delinquent rape, that distressing manner of delivery
called by the Brandenburghers <em>Sturzgeburt,</em> the recorded instances of
multiseminal, twikindled and monstrous births conceived during the catamenic
period or of consanguineous parents—in a word all the cases of human
nativity which Aristotle has classified in his masterpiece with
chromolithographic illustrations. The gravest problems of obstetrics and
forensic medicine were examined with as much animation as the most popular
beliefs on the state of pregnancy such as the forbidding to a gravid woman to
step over a countrystile lest, by her movement, the navelcord should strangle
her creature and the injunction upon her in the event of a yearning, ardently
and ineffectually entertained, to place her hand against that part of her
person which long usage has consecrated as the seat of castigation. The
abnormalities of harelip, breastmole, supernumerary digits, negro’s inkle,
strawberry mark and portwine stain were alleged by one as a <em>prima facie</em>
and natural hypothetical explanation of those swineheaded (the case of Madame
Grissel Steevens was not forgotten) or doghaired infants occasionally born. The
hypothesis of a plasmic memory, advanced by the Caledonian envoy and worthy of
the metaphysical traditions of the land he stood for, envisaged in such cases
an arrest of embryonic development at some stage antecedent to the human. An
outlandish delegate sustained against both these views, with such heat as
almost carried conviction, the theory of copulation between women and the males
of brutes, his authority being his own avouchment in support of fables such as
that of the Minotaur which the genius of the elegant Latin poet has handed down
to us in the pages of his Metamorphoses. The impression made by his words was
immediate but shortlived. It was effaced as easily as it had been evoked by an
allocution from Mr Candidate Mulligan in that vein of pleasantry which none
better than he knew how to affect, postulating as the supremest object of
desire a nice clean old man. Contemporaneously, a heated argument having arisen
between Mr Delegate Madden and Mr Candidate Lynch regarding the juridical and
theological dilemma created in the event of one Siamese twin predeceasing the
other, the difficulty by mutual consent was referred to Mr Canvasser Bloom for
instant submittal to Mr Coadjutor Deacon Dedalus. Hitherto silent, whether the
better to show by preternatural gravity that curious dignity of the garb with
which he was invested or in obedience to an inward voice, he delivered briefly
and, as some thought, perfunctorily the ecclesiastical ordinance forbidding man
to put asunder what God has joined.</p>
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<p>But Malachias’ tale began to freeze them with horror. He conjured up the scene
before them. The secret panel beside the chimney slid back and in the recess
appeared... Haines! Which of us did not feel his flesh creep! He had a
portfolio full of Celtic literature in one hand, in the other a phial marked
<em>Poison.</em> Surprise, horror, loathing were depicted on all faces while he
eyed them with a ghostly grin. I anticipated some such reception, he began with
an eldritch laugh, for which, it seems, history is to blame. Yes, it is true. I
am the murderer of Samuel Childs. And how I am punished! The inferno has no
terrors for me. This is the appearance is on me. Tare and ages, what way would
I be resting at all, he muttered thickly, and I tramping Dublin this while back
with my share of songs and himself after me the like of a soulth or a
bullawurrus? My hell, and Ireland’s, is in this life. It is what I tried to
obliterate my crime. Distractions, rookshooting, the Erse language (he recited
some), laudanum (he raised the phial to his lips), camping out. In vain! His
spectre stalks me. Dope is my only hope... Ah! Destruction! The black panther!
With a cry he suddenly vanished and the panel slid back. An instant later his
head appeared in the door opposite and said: Meet me at Westland Row station at
ten past eleven. He was gone. Tears gushed from the eyes of the dissipated
host. The seer raised his hand to heaven, murmuring: The vendetta of Mananaun!
The sage repeated: <em>Lex talionis</em>. The sentimentalist is he who would
enjoy without incurring the immense debtorship for a thing done. Malachias,
overcome by emotion, ceased. The mystery was unveiled. Haines was the third
brother. His real name was Childs. The black panther was himself the ghost of
his own father. He drank drugs to obliterate. For this relief much thanks. The
lonely house by the graveyard is uninhabited. No soul will live there. The
spider pitches her web in the solitude. The nocturnal rat peers from his hole.
A curse is on it. It is haunted. Murderer’s ground.</p>
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<p>What is the age of the soul of man? As she hath the virtue of the chameleon to
change her hue at every new approach, to be gay with the merry and mournful
with the downcast, so too is her age changeable as her mood. No longer is
Leopold, as he sits there, ruminating, chewing the cud of reminiscence, that
staid agent of publicity and holder of a modest substance in the funds. A score
of years are blown away. He is young Leopold. There, as in a retrospective
arrangement, a mirror within a mirror (hey, presto!), he beholdeth himself.
That young figure of then is seen, precociously manly, walking on a nipping
morning from the old house in Clanbrassil street to the high school, his
booksatchel on him bandolierwise, and in it a goodly hunk of wheaten loaf, a
mother’s thought. Or it is the same figure, a year or so gone over, in his
first hard hat (ah, that was a day!), already on the road, a fullfledged
traveller for the family firm, equipped with an orderbook, a scented
handkerchief (not for show only), his case of bright trinketware (alas! a thing
now of the past!) and a quiverful of compliant smiles for this or that halfwon
housewife reckoning it out upon her fingertips or for a budding virgin, shyly
acknowledging (but the heart? tell me!) his studied baisemoins. The scent, the
smile, but, more than these, the dark eyes and oleaginous address, brought home
at duskfall many a commission to the head of the firm, seated with Jacob’s pipe
after like labours in the paternal ingle (a meal of noodles, you may be sure,
is aheating), reading through round horned spectacles some paper from the
Europe of a month before. But hey, presto, the mirror is breathed on and the
young knighterrant recedes, shrivels, dwindles to a tiny speck within the mist.
Now he is himself paternal and these about him might be his sons. Who can say?
The wise father knows his own child. He thinks of a drizzling night in Hatch
street, hard by the bonded stores there, the first. Together (she is a poor
waif, a child of shame, yours and mine and of all for a bare shilling and her
luckpenny), together they hear the heavy tread of the watch as two raincaped
shadows pass the new royal university. Bridie! Bridie Kelly! He will never
forget the name, ever remember the night: first night, the bridenight. They are
entwined in nethermost darkness, the willer with the willed, and in an instant
(<em>fiat!</em>) light shall flood the world. Did heart leap to heart? Nay, fair
reader. In a breath ’twas done but—hold! Back! It must not be! In terror
the poor girl flees away through the murk. She is the bride of darkness, a
daughter of night. She dare not bear the sunnygolden babe of day. No, Leopold.
Name and memory solace thee not. That youthful illusion of thy strength was
taken from thee—and in vain. No son of thy loins is by thee. There is
none now to be for Leopold, what Leopold was for Rudolph.</p>
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<p>The voices blend and fuse in clouded silence: silence that is the infinite of
space: and swiftly, silently the soul is wafted over regions of cycles of
generations that have lived. A region where grey twilight ever descends, never
falls on wide sagegreen pasturefields, shedding her dusk, scattering a
perennial dew of stars. She follows her mother with ungainly steps, a mare
leading her fillyfoal. Twilight phantoms are they, yet moulded in prophetic
grace of structure, slim shapely haunches, a supple tendonous neck, the meek
apprehensive skull. They fade, sad phantoms: all is gone. Agendath is a waste
land, a home of screechowls and the sandblind upupa. Netaim, the golden, is no
more. And on the highway of the clouds they come, muttering thunder of
rebellion, the ghosts of beasts. Huuh! Hark! Huuh! Parallax stalks behind and
goads them, the lancinating lightnings of whose brow are scorpions. Elk and
yak, the bulls of Bashan and of Babylon, mammoth and mastodon, they come
trooping to the sunken sea, <em>Lacus Mortis</em>. Ominous revengeful zodiacal
host! They moan, passing upon the clouds, horned and capricorned, the trumpeted
with the tusked, the lionmaned, the giantantlered, snouter and crawler, rodent,
ruminant and pachyderm, all their moving moaning multitude, murderers of the
sun.</p>
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<p>Onward to the dead sea they tramp to drink, unslaked and with horrible
gulpings, the salt somnolent inexhaustible flood. And the equine portent grows
again, magnified in the deserted heavens, nay to heaven’s own magnitude, till
it looms, vast, over the house of Virgo. And lo, wonder of metempsychosis, it
is she, the everlasting bride, harbinger of the daystar, the bride, ever
virgin. It is she, Martha, thou lost one, Millicent, the young, the dear, the
radiant. How serene does she now arise, a queen among the Pleiades, in the
penultimate antelucan hour, shod in sandals of bright gold, coifed with a veil
of what do you call it gossamer. It floats, it flows about her starborn flesh
and loose it streams, emerald, sapphire, mauve and heliotrope, sustained on
currents of the cold interstellar wind, winding, coiling, simply swirling,
writhing in the skies a mysterious writing till, after a myriad metamorphoses
of symbol, it blazes, Alpha, a ruby and triangled sign upon the forehead of
Taurus.</p>
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<p>Francis was reminding Stephen of years before when they had been at school
together in Conmee’s time. He asked about Glaucon, Alcibiades, Pisistratus.
Where were they now? Neither knew. You have spoken of the past and its
phantoms, Stephen said. Why think of them? If I call them into life across the
waters of Lethe will not the poor ghosts troop to my call? Who supposes it? I,
Bous Stephanoumenos, bullockbefriending bard, am lord and giver of their life.
He encircled his gadding hair with a coronal of vineleaves, smiling at Vincent.
That answer and those leaves, Vincent said to him, will adorn you more fitly
when something more, and greatly more, than a capful of light odes can call
your genius father. All who wish you well hope this for you. All desire to see
you bring forth the work you meditate, to acclaim you Stephaneforos. I heartily
wish you may not fail them. O no, Vincent Lenehan said, laying a hand on the
shoulder near him. Have no fear. He could not leave his mother an orphan. The
young man’s face grew dark. All could see how hard it was for him to be
reminded of his promise and of his recent loss. He would have withdrawn from
the feast had not the noise of voices allayed the smart. Madden had lost five
drachmas on Sceptre for a whim of the rider’s name: Lenehan as much more. He
told them of the race. The flag fell and, huuh! off, scamper, the mare ran out
freshly with O. Madden up. She was leading the field. All hearts were beating.
Even Phyllis could not contain herself. She waved her scarf and cried: Huzzah!
Sceptre wins! But in the straight on the run home when all were in close order
the dark horse Throwaway drew level, reached, outstripped her. All was lost
now. Phyllis was silent: her eyes were sad anemones. Juno, she cried, I am
undone. But her lover consoled her and brought her a bright casket of gold in
which lay some oval sugarplums which she partook. A tear fell: one only. A
whacking fine whip, said Lenehan, is W. Lane. Four winners yesterday and three
today. What rider is like him? Mount him on the camel or the boisterous buffalo
the victory in a hack canter is still his. But let us bear it as was the
ancient wont. Mercy on the luckless! Poor Sceptre! he said with a light sigh.
She is not the filly that she was. Never, by this hand, shall we behold such
another. By gad, sir, a queen of them. Do you remember her, Vincent? I wish you
could have seen my queen today, Vincent said. How young she was and radiant
(Lalage were scarce fair beside her) in her yellow shoes and frock of muslin, I
do not know the right name of it. The chestnuts that shaded us were in bloom:
the air drooped with their persuasive odour and with pollen floating by us. In
the sunny patches one might easily have cooked on a stone a batch of those buns
with Corinth fruit in them that Periplipomenes sells in his booth near the
bridge. But she had nought for her teeth but the arm with which I held her and
in that she nibbled mischievously when I pressed too close. A week ago she lay
ill, four days on the couch, but today she was free, blithe, mocked at peril.
She is more taking then. Her posies too! Mad romp that she is, she had pulled
her fill as we reclined together. And in your ear, my friend, you will not
think who met us as we left the field. Conmee himself! He was walking by the
hedge, reading, I think a brevier book with, I doubt not, a witty letter in it
from Glycera or Chloe to keep the page. The sweet creature turned all colours
in her confusion, feigning to reprove a slight disorder in her dress: a slip of
underwood clung there for the very trees adore her. When Conmee had passed she
glanced at her lovely echo in that little mirror she carries. But he had been
kind. In going by he had blessed us. The gods too are ever kind, Lenehan said.
If I had poor luck with Bass’s mare perhaps this draught of his may serve me
more propensely. He was laying his hand upon a winejar: Malachi saw it and
withheld his act, pointing to the stranger and to the scarlet label. Warily,
Malachi whispered, preserve a druid silence. His soul is far away. It is as
painful perhaps to be awakened from a vision as to be born. Any object,
intensely regarded, may be a gate of access to the incorruptible eon of the
gods. Do you not think it, Stephen? Theosophos told me so, Stephen answered,
whom in a previous existence Egyptian priests initiated into the mysteries of
karmic law. The lords of the moon, Theosophos told me, an orangefiery shipload
from planet Alpha of the lunar chain would not assume the etheric doubles and
these were therefore incarnated by the rubycoloured egos from the second
constellation.</p>
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<p>However, as a matter of fact though, the preposterous surmise about him being
in some description of a doldrums or other or mesmerised which was entirely due
to a misconception of the shallowest character, was not the case at all. The
individual whose visual organs while the above was going on were at this
juncture commencing to exhibit symptoms of animation was as astute if not
astuter than any man living and anybody that conjectured the contrary would
have found themselves pretty speedily in the wrong shop. During the past four
minutes or thereabouts he had been staring hard at a certain amount of number
one Bass bottled by Messrs Bass and Co at Burton-on-Trent which happened to be
situated amongst a lot of others right opposite to where he was and which was
certainly calculated to attract anyone’s remark on account of its scarlet
appearance. He was simply and solely, as it subsequently transpired for reasons
best known to himself, which put quite an altogether different complexion on
the proceedings, after the moment before’s observations about boyhood days and
the turf, recollecting two or three private transactions of his own which the
other two were as mutually innocent of as the babe unborn. Eventually, however,
both their eyes met and as soon as it began to dawn on him that the other was
endeavouring to help himself to the thing he involuntarily determined to help
him himself and so he accordingly took hold of the neck of the mediumsized
glass recipient which contained the fluid sought after and made a capacious
hole in it by pouring a lot of it out with, also at the same time, however, a
considerable degree of attentiveness in order not to upset any of the beer that
was in it about the place.</p>
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<p>The debate which ensued was in its scope and progress an epitome of the course
of life. Neither place nor council was lacking in dignity. The debaters were
the keenest in the land, the theme they were engaged on the loftiest and most
vital. The high hall of Horne’s house had never beheld an assembly so
representative and so varied nor had the old rafters of that establishment ever
listened to a language so encyclopaedic. A gallant scene in truth it made.
Crotthers was there at the foot of the table in his striking Highland garb, his
face glowing from the briny airs of the Mull of Galloway. There too, opposite
to him, was Lynch whose countenance bore already the stigmata of early
depravity and premature wisdom. Next the Scotchman was the place assigned to
Costello, the eccentric, while at his side was seated in stolid repose the
squat form of Madden. The chair of the resident indeed stood vacant before the
hearth but on either flank of it the figure of Bannon in explorer’s kit of
tweed shorts and salted cowhide brogues contrasted sharply with the primrose
elegance and townbred manners of Malachi Roland St John Mulligan. Lastly at the
head of the board was the young poet who found a refuge from his labours of
pedagogy and metaphysical inquisition in the convivial atmosphere of Socratic
discussion, while to right and left of him were accommodated the flippant
prognosticator, fresh from the hippodrome, and that vigilant wanderer, soiled
by the dust of travel and combat and stained by the mire of an indelible
dishonour, but from whose steadfast and constant heart no lure or peril or
threat or degradation could ever efface the image of that voluptuous loveliness
which the inspired pencil of Lafayette has limned for ages yet to come.</p>
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<p>It had better be stated here and now at the outset that the perverted
transcendentalism to which Mr S. Dedalus’ (Div. Scep.) contentions would appear
to prove him pretty badly addicted runs directly counter to accepted scientific
methods. Science, it cannot be too often repeated, deals with tangible
phenomena. The man of science like the man in the street has to face hardheaded
facts that cannot be blinked and explain them as best he can. There may be, it
is true, some questions which science cannot answer—at present—such
as the first problem submitted by Mr L. Bloom (Pubb. Canv.) regarding the
future determination of sex. Must we accept the view of Empedocles of Trinacria
that the right ovary (the postmenstrual period, assert others) is responsible
for the birth of males or are the too long neglected spermatozoa or nemasperms
the differentiating factors or is it, as most embryologists incline to opine,
such as Culpepper, Spallanzani, Blumenbach, Lusk, Hertwig, Leopold and Valenti,
a mixture of both? This would be tantamount to a cooperation (one of nature’s
favourite devices) between the <em>nisus formativus</em> of the nemasperm on the
one hand and on the other a happily chosen position, <em>succubitus felix</em>,
of the passive element. The other problem raised by the same inquirer is
scarcely less vital: infant mortality. It is interesting because, as he
pertinently remarks, we are all born in the same way but we all die in
different ways. Mr M. Mulligan (Hyg. et Eug. Doc.) blames the sanitary
conditions in which our greylunged citizens contract adenoids, pulmonary
complaints etc. by inhaling the bacteria which lurk in dust. These factors, he
alleged, and the revolting spectacles offered by our streets, hideous publicity
posters, religious ministers of all denominations, mutilated soldiers and
sailors, exposed scorbutic cardrivers, the suspended carcases of dead animals,
paranoic bachelors and unfructified duennas—these, he said, were
accountable for any and every fallingoff in the calibre of the race. Kalipedia,
he prophesied, would soon be generally adopted and all the graces of life,
genuinely good music, agreeable literature, light philosophy, instructive
pictures, plastercast reproductions of the classical statues such as Venus and
Apollo, artistic coloured photographs of prize babies, all these little
attentions would enable ladies who were in a particular condition to pass the
intervening months in a most enjoyable manner. Mr J. Crotthers (Disc. Bacc.)
attributes some of these demises to abdominal trauma in the case of women
workers subjected to heavy labours in the workshop and to marital discipline in
the home but by far the vast majority to neglect, private or official,
culminating in the exposure of newborn infants, the practice of criminal
abortion or in the atrocious crime of infanticide. Although the former (we are
thinking of neglect) is undoubtedly only too true the case he cites of nurses
forgetting to count the sponges in the peritoneal cavity is too rare to be
normative. In fact when one comes to look into it the wonder is that so many
pregnancies and deliveries go off so well as they do, all things considered and
in spite of our human shortcomings which often baulk nature in her intentions.
An ingenious suggestion is that thrown out by Mr V. Lynch (Bacc. Arith.) that
both natality and mortality, as well as all other phenomena of evolution, tidal
movements, lunar phases, blood temperatures, diseases in general, everything,
in fine, in nature’s vast workshop from the extinction of some remote sun to
the blossoming of one of the countless flowers which beautify our public parks
is subject to a law of numeration as yet unascertained. Still the plain
straightforward question why a child of normally healthy parents and seemingly
a healthy child and properly looked after succumbs unaccountably in early
childhood (though other children of the same marriage do not) must certainly,
in the poet’s words, give us pause. Nature, we may rest assured, has her own
good and cogent reasons for whatever she does and in all probability such
deaths are due to some law of anticipation by which organisms in which morbous
germs have taken up their residence (modern science has conclusively shown that
only the plasmic substance can be said to be immortal) tend to disappear at an
increasingly earlier stage of development, an arrangement which, though
productive of pain to some of our feelings (notably the maternal), is
nevertheless, some of us think, in the long run beneficial to the race in
general in securing thereby the survival of the fittest. Mr S. Dedalus’ (Div.
Scep.) remark (or should it be called an interruption?) that an omnivorous
being which can masticate, deglute, digest and apparently pass through the
ordinary channel with pluterperfect imperturbability such multifarious aliments
as cancrenous females emaciated by parturition, corpulent professional
gentlemen, not to speak of jaundiced politicians and chlorotic nuns, might
possibly find gastric relief in an innocent collation of staggering bob,
reveals as nought else could and in a very unsavoury light the tendency above
alluded to. For the enlightenment of those who are not so intimately acquainted
with the minutiae of the municipal abattoir as this morbidminded esthete and
embryo philosopher who for all his overweening bumptiousness in things
scientific can scarcely distinguish an acid from an alkali prides himself on
being, it should perhaps be stated that staggering bob in the vile parlance of
our lowerclass licensed victuallers signifies the cookable and eatable flesh of
a calf newly dropped from its mother. In a recent public controversy with Mr L.
Bloom (Pubb. Canv.) which took place in the commons’ hall of the National
Maternity Hospital, 29, 30 and 31 Holles street, of which, as is well known, Dr
A. Horne (Lic. in Midw., F. K. Q. C. P. I.) is the able and popular master, he
is reported by eyewitnesses as having stated that once a woman has let the cat
into the bag (an esthete’s allusion, presumably, to one of the most complicated
and marvellous of all nature’s processes—the act of sexual congress) she
must let it out again or give it life, as he phrased it, to save her own. At
the risk of her own, was the telling rejoinder of his interlocutor, none the
less effective for the moderate and measured tone in which it was delivered.</p>
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<p>Meanwhile the skill and patience of the physician had brought about a happy
<em>accouchement.</em> It had been a weary weary while both for patient and
doctor. All that surgical skill could do was done and the brave woman had
manfully helped. She had. She had fought the good fight and now she was very
very happy. Those who have passed on, who have gone before, are happy too as
they gaze down and smile upon the touching scene. Reverently look at her as she
reclines there with the motherlight in her eyes, that longing hunger for baby
fingers (a pretty sight it is to see), in the first bloom of her new
motherhood, breathing a silent prayer of thanksgiving to One above, the
Universal Husband. And as her loving eyes behold her babe she wishes only one
blessing more, to have her dear Doady there with her to share her joy, to lay
in his arms that mite of God’s clay, the fruit of their lawful embraces. He is
older now (you and I may whisper it) and a trifle stooped in the shoulders yet
in the whirligig of years a grave dignity has come to the conscientious second
accountant of the Ulster bank, College Green branch. O Doady, loved one of old,
faithful lifemate now, it may never be again, that faroff time of the roses!
With the old shake of her pretty head she recalls those days. God! How
beautiful now across the mist of years! But their children are grouped in her
imagination about the bedside, hers and his, Charley, Mary Alice, Frederick
Albert (if he had lived), Mamy, Budgy (Victoria Frances), Tom, Violet Constance
Louisa, darling little Bobsy (called after our famous hero of the South African
war, lord Bobs of Waterford and Candahar) and now this last pledge of their
union, a Purefoy if ever there was one, with the true Purefoy nose. Young
hopeful will be christened Mortimer Edward after the influential third cousin
of Mr Purefoy in the Treasury Remembrancer’s office, Dublin Castle. And so time
wags on: but father Cronion has dealt lightly here. No, let no sigh break from
that bosom, dear gentle Mina. And Doady, knock the ashes from your pipe, the
seasoned briar you still fancy when the curfew rings for you (may it be the
distant day!) and dout the light whereby you read in the Sacred Book for the
oil too has run low, and so with a tranquil heart to bed, to rest. He knows and
will call in His own good time. You too have fought the good fight and played
loyally your man’s part. Sir, to you my hand. Well done, thou good and faithful
servant!</p>
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<p>There are sins or (let us call them as the world calls them) evil memories
which are hidden away by man in the darkest places of the heart but they abide
there and wait. He may suffer their memory to grow dim, let them be as though
they had not been and all but persuade himself that they were not or at least
were otherwise. Yet a chance word will call them forth suddenly and they will
rise up to confront him in the most various circumstances, a vision or a dream,
or while timbrel and harp soothe his senses or amid the cool silver tranquility
of the evening or at the feast, at midnight, when he is now filled with wine.
Not to insult over him will the vision come as over one that lies under her
wrath, not for vengeance to cut him off from the living but shrouded in the
piteous vesture of the past, silent, remote, reproachful.</p>
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<p>The stranger still regarded on the face before him a slow recession of that
false calm there, imposed, as it seemed, by habit or some studied trick, upon
words so embittered as to accuse in their speaker an unhealthiness, a
<em>flair,</em> for the cruder things of life. A scene disengages itself in the
observer’s memory, evoked, it would seem, by a word of so natural a homeliness
as if those days were really present there (as some thought) with their
immediate pleasures. A shaven space of lawn one soft May evening, the
wellremembered grove of lilacs at Roundtown, purple and white, fragrant slender
spectators of the game but with much real interest in the pellets as they run
slowly forward over the sward or collide and stop, one by its fellow, with a
brief alert shock. And yonder about that grey urn where the water moves at
times in thoughtful irrigation you saw another as fragrant sisterhood, Floey,
Atty, Tiny and their darker friend with I know not what of arresting in her
pose then, Our Lady of the Cherries, a comely brace of them pendent from an
ear, bringing out the foreign warmth of the skin so daintily against the cool
ardent fruit. A lad of four or five in linseywoolsey (blossomtime but there
will be cheer in the kindly hearth when ere long the bowls are gathered and
hutched) is standing on the urn secured by that circle of girlish fond hands.
He frowns a little just as this young man does now with a perhaps too conscious
enjoyment of the danger but must needs glance at whiles towards where his
mother watches from the <em>piazzetta</em> giving upon the flowerclose with a
faint shadow of remoteness or of reproach (<em>alles Vergängliche</em>) in her
glad look.</p>
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<p>Mark this farther and remember. The end comes suddenly. Enter that antechamber
of birth where the studious are assembled and note their faces. Nothing, as it
seems, there of rash or violent. Quietude of custody, rather, befitting their
station in that house, the vigilant watch of shepherds and of angels about a
crib in Bethlehem of Juda long ago. But as before the lightning the serried
stormclouds, heavy with preponderant excess of moisture, in swollen masses
turgidly distended, compass earth and sky in one vast slumber, impending above
parched field and drowsy oxen and blighted growth of shrub and verdure till in
an instant a flash rives their centres and with the reverberation of the
thunder the cloudburst pours its torrent, so and not otherwise was the
transformation, violent and instantaneous, upon the utterance of the word.</p>
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<p>Burke’s! outflings my lord Stephen, giving the cry, and a tag and bobtail of
all them after, cockerel, jackanapes, welsher, pilldoctor, punctual Bloom at
heels with a universal grabbing at headgear, ashplants, bilbos, Panama hats and
scabbards, Zermatt alpenstocks and what not. A dedale of lusty youth, noble
every student there. Nurse Callan taken aback in the hallway cannot stay them
nor smiling surgeon coming downstairs with news of placentation ended, a full
pound if a milligramme. They hark him on. The door! It is open? Ha! They are
out, tumultuously, off for a minute’s race, all bravely legging it, Burke’s of
Denzille and Holles their ulterior goal. Dixon follows giving them sharp
language but raps out an oath, he too, and on. Bloom stays with nurse a thought
to send a kind word to happy mother and nurseling up there. Doctor Diet and
Doctor Quiet. Looks she too not other now? Ward of watching in Horne’s house
has told its tale in that washedout pallor. Then all being gone, a glance of
motherwit helping, he whispers close in going: Madam, when comes the storkbird
for thee?</p>
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<p>The air without is impregnated with raindew moisture, life essence celestial,
glistening on Dublin stone there under starshiny <em>coelum.</em> God’s air, the
Allfather’s air, scintillant circumambient cessile air. Breathe it deep into
thee. By heaven, Theodore Purefoy, thou hast done a doughty deed and no botch!
Thou art, I vow, the remarkablest progenitor barring none in this chaffering
allincluding most farraginous chronicle. Astounding! In her lay a Godframed
Godgiven preformed possibility which thou hast fructified with thy modicum of
man’s work. Cleave to her! Serve! Toil on, labour like a very bandog and let
scholarment and all Malthusiasts go hang. Thou art all their daddies, Theodore.
Art drooping under thy load, bemoiled with butcher’s bills at home and ingots
(not thine!) in the countinghouse? Head up! For every newbegotten thou shalt
gather thy homer of ripe wheat. See, thy fleece is drenched. Dost envy Darby
Dullman there with his Joan? A canting jay and a rheumeyed curdog is all their
progeny. Pshaw, I tell thee! He is a mule, a dead gasteropod, without vim or
stamina, not worth a cracked kreutzer. Copulation without population! No, say
I! Herod’s slaughter of the innocents were the truer name. Vegetables,
forsooth, and sterile cohabitation! Give her beefsteaks, red, raw, bleeding!
She is a hoary pandemonium of ills, enlarged glands, mumps, quinsy, bunions,
hayfever, bedsores, ringworm, floating kidney, Derbyshire neck, warts, bilious
attacks, gallstones, cold feet, varicose veins. A truce to threnes and trentals
and jeremies and all such congenital defunctive music! Twenty years of it,
regret them not. With thee it was not as with many that will and would and wait
and never—do. Thou sawest thy America, thy lifetask, and didst charge to
cover like the transpontine bison. How saith Zarathustra? <em>Deine Kuh Trübsal
melkest Du. Nun Trinkst Du die süsse Milch des Euters</em>. See! it displodes
for thee in abundance. Drink, man, an udderful! Mother’s milk, Purefoy, the
milk of human kin, milk too of those burgeoning stars overhead rutilant in thin
rainvapour, punch milk, such as those rioters will quaff in their guzzling den,
milk of madness, the honeymilk of Canaan’s land. Thy cow’s dug was tough, what?
Ay, but her milk is hot and sweet and fattening. No dollop this but thick rich
bonnyclaber. To her, old patriarch! Pap! <em>Per deam Partulam et Pertundam nunc
est bibendum!</em></p>
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<p>All off for a buster, armstrong, hollering down the street. Bonafides. Where
you slep las nigh? Timothy of the battered naggin. Like ole Billyo. Any
brollies or gumboots in the fambly? Where the Henry Nevil’s sawbones and ole
clo? Sorra one o’ me knows. Hurrah there, Dix! Forward to the ribbon counter.
Where’s Punch? All serene. Jay, look at the drunken minister coming out of the
maternity hospal! <em>Benedicat vos omnipotens Deus, Pater et Filius</em>. A
make, mister. The Denzille lane boys. Hell, blast ye! Scoot. Righto, Isaacs,
shove em out of the bleeding limelight. Yous join uz, dear sir? No hentrusion
in life. Lou heap good man. Allee samee dis bunch. <em>En avant, mes
enfants!</em> Fire away number one on the gun. Burke’s! Burke’s! Thence they
advanced five parasangs. Slattery’s mounted foot. Where’s that bleeding awfur?
Parson Steve, apostates’ creed! No, no, Mulligan! Abaft there! Shove ahead.
Keep a watch on the clock. Chuckingout time. Mullee! What’s on you? <em>Ma mère
m’a mariée.</em> British Beatitudes! <em>Retamplatan digidi boumboum</em>. Ayes
have it. To be printed and bound at the Druiddrum press by two designing
females. Calf covers of pissedon green. Last word in art shades. Most beautiful
book come out of Ireland my time. <em>Silentium!</em> Get a spurt on. Tention.
Proceed to nearest canteen and there annex liquor stores. March! Tramp, tramp,
tramp, the boys are (attitudes!) parching. Beer, beef, business, bibles,
bulldogs battleships, buggery and bishops. Whether on the scaffold high. Beer,
beef, trample the bibles. When for Irelandear. Trample the trampellers.
Thunderation! Keep the durned millingtary step. We fall. Bishops boosebox.
Halt! Heave to. Rugger. Scrum in. No touch kicking. Wow, my tootsies! You hurt?
Most amazingly sorry!</p>
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<p>Query. Who’s astanding this here do? Proud possessor of damnall. Declare
misery. Bet to the ropes. Me nantee saltee. Not a red at me this week gone.
Yours? Mead of our fathers for the <em>Übermensch.</em> Dittoh. Five number ones.
You, sir? Ginger cordial. Chase me, the cabby’s caudle. Stimulate the caloric.
Winding of his ticker. Stopped short never to go again when the old. Absinthe
for me, savvy? <em>Caramba!</em> Have an eggnog or a prairie oyster. Enemy?
Avuncular’s got my timepiece. Ten to. Obligated awful. Don’t mention it. Got a
pectoral trauma, eh, Dix? Pos fact. Got bet be a boomblebee whenever he wus
settin sleepin in hes bit garten. Digs up near the Mater. Buckled he is. Know
his dona? Yup, sartin I do. Full of a dure. See her in her dishybilly. Peels
off a credit. Lovey lovekin. None of your lean kine, not much. Pull down the
blind, love. Two Ardilauns. Same here. Look slippery. If you fall don’t wait to
get up. Five, seven, nine. Fine! Got a prime pair of mincepies, no kid. And her
take me to rests and her anker of rum. Must be seen to be believed. Your
starving eyes and allbeplastered neck you stole my heart, O gluepot. Sir? Spud
again the rheumatiz? All poppycock, you’ll scuse me saying. For the hoi polloi.
I vear thee beest a gert vool. Well, doc? Back fro Lapland? Your corporosity
sagaciating O K? How’s the squaws and papooses? Womanbody after going on the
straw? Stand and deliver. Password. There’s hair. Ours the white death and the
ruddy birth. Hi! Spit in your own eye, boss! Mummer’s wire. Cribbed out of
Meredith. Jesified, orchidised, polycimical jesuit! Aunty mine’s writing Pa
Kinch. Baddybad Stephen lead astray goodygood Malachi.</p>
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<p>Hurroo! Collar the leather, youngun. Roun wi the nappy. Here, Jock braw
Hielentman’s your barleybree. Lang may your lum reek and your kailpot boil! My
tipple. <em>Merci.</em> Here’s to us. How’s that? Leg before wicket. Don’t stain
my brandnew sitinems. Give’s a shake of peppe, you there. Catch aholt. Caraway
seed to carry away. Twig? Shrieks of silence. Every cove to his gentry mort.
Venus Pandemos. <em>Les petites femmes</em>. Bold bad girl from the town of
Mullingar. Tell her I was axing at her. Hauding Sara by the wame. On the road
to Malahide. Me? If she who seduced me had left but the name. What do you want
for ninepence? Machree, macruiskeen. Smutty Moll for a mattress jig. And a pull
all together. <em>Ex!</em></p>
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<p>Waiting, guvnor? Most deciduously. Bet your boots on. Stunned like, seeing as
how no shiners is acoming. Underconstumble? He’ve got the chink <em>ad lib</em>.
Seed near free poun on un a spell ago a said war hisn. Us come right in on your
invite, see? Up to you, matey. Out with the oof. Two bar and a wing. You larn
that go off of they there Frenchy bilks? Won’t wash here for nuts nohow. Lil
chile velly solly. Ise de cutest colour coon down our side. Gawds teruth,
Chawley. We are nae fou. We’re nae tha fou. Au reservoir, mossoo. Tanks you.</p>
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<p>’Tis, sure. What say? In the speakeasy. Tight. I shee you, shir. Bantam, two
days teetee. Bowsing nowt but claretwine. Garn! Have a glint, do. Gum, I’m
jiggered. And been to barber he have. Too full for words. With a railway bloke.
How come you so? Opera he’d like? Rose of Castile. Rows of cast. Police! Some
H<sub>2</sub>O for a gent fainted. Look at Bantam’s flowers. Gemini. He’s going
to holler. The colleen bawn. My colleen bawn. O, cheese it! Shut his blurry
Dutch oven with a firm hand. Had the winner today till I tipped him a dead
cert. The ruffin cly the nab of Stephen Hand as give me the jady coppaleen. He
strike a telegramboy paddock wire big bug Bass to the depot. Shove him a joey
and grahamise. Mare on form hot order. Guinea to a goosegog. Tell a cram, that.
Gospeltrue. Criminal diversion? I think that yes. Sure thing. Land him in
chokeechokee if the harman beck copped the game. Madden back Madden’s a
maddening back. O lust our refuge and our strength. Decamping. Must you go? Off
to mammy. Stand by. Hide my blushes someone. All in if he spots me. Come ahome,
our Bantam. Horryvar, mong vioo. Dinna forget the cowslips for hersel.
Cornfide. Wha gev ye thon colt? Pal to pal. Jannock. Of John Thomas, her
spouse. No fake, old man Leo. S’elp me, honest injun. Shiver my timbers if I
had. There’s a great big holy friar. Vyfor you no me tell? Vel, I ses, if that
aint a sheeny nachez, vel, I vil get misha mishinnah. Through yerd our lord,
Amen.</p>
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<p>You move a motion? Steve boy, you’re going it some. More bluggy drunkables?
Will immensely splendiferous stander permit one stooder of most extreme poverty
and one largesize grandacious thirst to terminate one expensive inaugurated
libation? Give’s a breather. Landlord, landlord, have you good wine, staboo?
Hoots, mon, a wee drap to pree. Cut and come again. Right. Boniface! Absinthe
the lot. <em>Nos omnes biberimus viridum toxicum diabolus capiat posterioria
nostria</em>. Closingtime, gents. Eh? Rome boose for the Bloom toff. I hear you
say onions? Bloo? Cadges ads. Photo’s papli, by all that’s gorgeous. Play low,
pardner. Slide. <em>Bonsoir la compagnie</em>. And snares of the poxfiend.
Where’s the buck and Namby Amby? Skunked? Leg bail. Aweel, ye maun e’en gang
yer gates. Checkmate. King to tower. Kind Kristyann wil yu help yung man hoose
frend tuk bungellow kee tu find plais whear tu lay crown of his hed 2 night.
Crickey, I’m about sprung. Tarnally dog gone my shins if this beent the bestest
puttiest longbreak yet. Item, curate, couple of cookies for this child. Cot’s
plood and prandypalls, none! Not a pite of sheeses? Thrust syphilis down to
hell and with him those other licensed spirits. Time, gents! Who wander through
the world. Health all! <em>À la vôtre</em>!</p>
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<p>Golly, whatten tunket’s yon guy in the mackintosh? Dusty Rhodes. Peep at his
wearables. By mighty! What’s he got? Jubilee mutton. Bovril, by James. Wants it
real bad. D’ye ken bare socks? Seedy cuss in the Richmond? Rawthere! Thought he
had a deposit of lead in his penis. Trumpery insanity. Bartle the Bread we
calls him. That, sir, was once a prosperous cit. Man all tattered and torn that
married a maiden all forlorn. Slung her hook, she did. Here see lost love.
Walking Mackintosh of lonely canyon. Tuck and turn in. Schedule time. Nix for
the hornies. Pardon? Seen him today at a runefal? Chum o’ yourn passed in his
checks? Ludamassy! Pore piccaninnies! Thou’ll no be telling me thot, Pold veg!
Did ums blubble bigsplash crytears cos fren Padney was took off in black bag?
Of all de darkies Massa Pat was verra best. I never see the like since I was
born. <em>Tiens, tiens</em>, but it is well sad, that, my faith, yes. O, get, rev
on a gradient one in nine. Live axle drives are souped. Lay you two to one
Jenatzy licks him ruddy well hollow. Jappies? High angle fire, inyah! Sunk by
war specials. Be worse for him, says he, nor any Rooshian. Time all. There’s
eleven of them. Get ye gone. Forward, woozy wobblers! Night. Night. May Allah
the Excellent One your soul this night ever tremendously conserve.</p>
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<p>Your attention! We’re nae tha fou. The Leith police dismisseth us. The least
tholice. Ware hawks for the chap puking. Unwell in his abominable regions.
Yooka. Night. Mona, my true love. Yook. Mona, my own love. Ook.</p>
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<p>Hark! Shut your obstropolos. Pflaap! Pflaap! Blaze on. There she goes. Brigade!
Bout ship. Mount street way. Cut up! Pflaap! Tally ho. You not come? Run,
skelter, race. Pflaaaap!</p>
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<p>Lynch! Hey? Sign on long o’ me. Denzille lane this way. Change here for
Bawdyhouse. We two, she said, will seek the kips where shady Mary is. Righto,
any old time. <em>Laetabuntur in cubilibus suis</em>. You coming long? Whisper,
who the sooty hell’s the johnny in the black duds? Hush! Sinned against the
light and even now that day is at hand when he shall come to judge the world by
fire. Pflaap! <em>Ut implerentur scripturae</em>. Strike up a ballad. Then
outspake medical Dick to his comrade medical Davy. Christicle, who’s this
excrement yellow gospeller on the Merrion hall? Elijah is coming! Washed in the
blood of the Lamb. Come on you winefizzling, ginsizzling, booseguzzling
existences! Come on, you dog-gone, bullnecked, beetlebrowed, hogjowled,
peanutbrained, weaseleyed fourflushers, false alarms and excess baggage! Come
on, you triple extract of infamy! Alexander J Christ Dowie, that’s my name,
that’s yanked to glory most half this planet from Frisco beach to Vladivostok.
The Deity aint no nickel dime bumshow. I put it to you that He’s on the square
and a corking fine business proposition. He’s the grandest thing yet and don’t
you forget it. Shout salvation in King Jesus. You’ll need to rise precious
early, you sinner there, if you want to diddle the Almighty God. Pflaaaap! Not
half. He’s got a coughmixture with a punch in it for you, my friend, in his
back pocket. Just you try it on.</p>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-17.htm.html_chap15"></span>[ 15 ]</h3>
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<p><em>(The Mabbot street entrance of nighttown, before which stretches an
uncobbled tramsiding set with skeleton tracks, red and green will-o’-the-wisps
and danger signals. Rows of grimy houses with gaping doors. Rare lamps with
faint rainbow fans. Round Rabaiotti’s halted ice gondola stunted men and women
squabble. They grab wafers between which are wedged lumps of coral and copper
snow. Sucking, they scatter slowly. Children. The swancomb of the gondola,
highreared, forges on through the murk, white and blue under a lighthouse.
Whistles call and answer.)</em></p>
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<p>THE CALLS: Wait, my love, and I’ll be with you.</p>
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<p>THE ANSWERS: Round behind the stable.</p>
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<p><em>(A deafmute idiot with goggle eyes, his shapeless mouth dribbling, jerks
past, shaken in Saint Vitus’ dance. A chain of children ’s hands imprisons
him.)</em></p>
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<p>THE CHILDREN: Kithogue! Salute!</p>
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<p>THE IDIOT: <em>(Lifts a palsied left arm and gurgles.)</em> Grhahute!</p>
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<p>THE CHILDREN: Where’s the great light?</p>
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<p>THE IDIOT: <em>(Gobbling.)</em> Ghaghahest.</p>
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<p><em>(They release him. He jerks on. A pigmy woman swings on a rope slung between
two railings, counting. A form sprawled against a dustbin and muffled by its
arm and hat snores, groans, grinding growling teeth, and snores again. On a
step a gnome totting among a rubbishtip crouches to shoulder a sack of rags and
bones. A crone standing by with a smoky oillamp rams her last bottle in the maw
of his sack. He heaves his booty, tugs askew his peaked cap and hobbles off
mutely. The crone makes back for her lair, swaying her lamp. A bandy child,
asquat on the doorstep with a paper shuttlecock, crawls sidling after her in
spurts, clutches her skirt, scrambles up. A drunken navvy grips with both hands
the railings of an area, lurching heavily. At a corner two night watch in
shouldercapes, their hands upon their staffholsters, loom tall. A plate
crashes: a woman screams: a child wails. Oaths of a man roar, mutter, cease.
Figures wander, lurk, peer from warrens. In a room lit by a candle stuck in a
bottleneck a slut combs out the tatts from the hair of a scrofulous child.
Cissy Caffrey’s voice, still young, sings shrill from a lane.)</em></p>
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<p>CISSY CAFFREY:</p>
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<p>I gave it to Molly<br/>Because she was jolly,<br/>The leg of the duck,<br/>The leg of the duck.</p>
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<p><em>(Private Carr and Private Compton, swaggersticks tight in their oxters, as
they march unsteadily rightaboutface and burst together from their mouths a
volleyed fart. Laughter of men from the lane. A hoarse virago retorts.)</em></p>
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<p>THE VIRAGO: Signs on you, hairy arse. More power the Cavan girl.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: More luck to me. Cavan, Cootehill and Belturbet. <em>(She
sings.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I gave it to Nelly<br/>To stick in her belly,<br/>The leg of the duck,<br/>The leg of the duck.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Private Carr and Private Compton turn and counterretort, their tunics
bloodbright in a lampglow, black sockets of caps on their blond cropped polls.
Stephen Dedalus and Lynch pass through the crowd close to the redcoats.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Jerks his finger.)</em> Way for the parson.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Turns and calls.)</em> What ho, parson!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Her voice soaring higher.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She has it, she got it,<br/>Wherever she put it,<br/>The leg of the duck.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Stephen, flourishing the ashplant in his left hand, chants with joy the</em>
introit <em>for paschal time. Lynch, his jockeycap low on his brow, attends him,
a sneer of discontent wrinkling his face.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Vidi aquam egredientem de templo a latere dextro. Alleluia</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The famished snaggletusks of an elderly bawd protrude from a doorway.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BAWD: <em>(Her voice whispering huskily.)</em> Sst! Come here till I tell
you. Maidenhead inside. Sst!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Altius aliquantulum.) Et omnes ad quos pervenit aqua ista</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BAWD: <em>(Spits in their trail her jet of venom.)</em> Trinity medicals.
Fallopian tube. All prick and no pence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Edy Boardman, sniffling, crouched with Bertha Supple, draws her shawl
across her nostrils.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>EDY BOARDMAN: <em>(Bickering.)</em> And says the one: I seen you up Faithful
place with your squarepusher, the greaser off the railway, in his cometobed
hat. Did you, says I. That’s not for you to say, says I. You never seen me in
the mantrap with a married highlander, says I. The likes of her! Stag that one
is! Stubborn as a mule! And her walking with two fellows the one time,
Kilbride, the enginedriver, and lancecorporal Oliphant.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Triumphaliter.) Salvi facti sunt.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He flourishes his ashplant, shivering the lamp image, shattering light over
the world. A liver and white spaniel on the prowl slinks after him, growling.
Lynch scares it with a kick.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: So that?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: (<em>Looks behind</em>.) So that gesture, not music not odour, would be
a universal language, the gift of tongues rendering visible not the lay sense
but the first entelechy, the structural rhythm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: Pornosophical philotheology. Metaphysics in Mecklenburgh street!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: We have shrewridden Shakespeare and henpecked Socrates. Even the
allwisest Stagyrite was bitted, bridled and mounted by a light of love.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: Ba!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Anyway, who wants two gestures to illustrate a loaf and a jug? This
movement illustrates the loaf and jug of bread or wine in Omar. Hold my stick.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: Damn your yellow stick. Where are we going?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Lecherous lynx, to <em>la belle dame sans merci,</em> Georgina Johnson,
<em>ad deam qui laetificat iuventutem meam.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Stephen thrusts the ashplant on him and slowly holds out his hands, his
head going back till both hands are a span from his breast, down turned, in
planes intersecting, the fingers about to part, the left being higher.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: Which is the jug of bread? It skills not. That or the customhouse.
Illustrate thou. Here take your crutch and walk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(They pass. Tommy Caffrey scrambles to a gaslamp and, clasping, climbs in
spasms. From the top spur he slides down. Jacky Caffrey clasps to climb. The
navvy lurches against the lamp. The twins scuttle off in the dark. The navvy,
swaying, presses a forefinger against a wing of his nose and ejects from the
farther nostril a long liquid jet of snot. Shouldering the lamp he staggers
away through the crowd with his flaring cresset.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Snakes of river fog creep slowly. From drains, clefts, cesspools, middens
arise on all sides stagnant fumes. A glow leaps in the south beyond the seaward
reaches of the river. The navvy, staggering forward, cleaves the crowd and
lurches towards the tramsiding. On the farther side under the railway bridge
Bloom appears, flushed, panting, cramming bread and chocolate into a
sidepocket. From Gillen’s hairdresser’s window a composite portrait shows him
gallant Nelson’s image. A concave mirror at the side presents to him lovelorn
longlost lugubru Booloohoom. Grave Gladstone sees him level, Bloom for Bloom.
He passes, struck by the stare of truculent Wellington, but in the convex
mirror grin unstruck the bonham eyes and fatchuck cheekchops of Jollypoldy the
rixdix doldy.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>At Antonio Rabaiotti’s door Bloom halts, sweated under the bright arclamp.
He disappears. In a moment he reappears and hurries on.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Fish and taters. N. g. Ah!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He disappears into Olhausen’s, the porkbutcher’s, under the downcoming
rollshutter. A few moments later he emerges from under the shutter, puffing
Poldy, blowing Bloohoom. In each hand he holds a parcel, one containing a
lukewarm pig’s crubeen, the other a cold sheep’s trotter, sprinkled with
wholepepper. He gasps, standing upright. Then bending to one side he presses a
parcel against his ribs and groans.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Stitch in my side. Why did I run?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He takes breath with care and goes forward slowly towards the lampset
siding. The glow leaps again.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: What is that? A flasher? Searchlight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He stands at Cormack’s corner, watching.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>Aurora borealis</em> or a steel foundry? Ah, the brigade, of course.
South side anyhow. Big blaze. Might be his house. Beggar’s bush. We’re safe.
<em>(He hums cheerfully.)</em> London’s burning, London’s burning! On fire, on
fire! (<em>He catches sight of the navvy lurching through the crowd at the
farther side of Talbot street.</em>) I’ll miss him. Run. Quick. Better cross
here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He darts to cross the road. Urchins shout.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE URCHINS: Mind out, mister!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(<em>Two cyclists, with lighted paper lanterns aswing, swim by him, grazing him,
their bells rattling.</em>)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BELLS: Haltyaltyaltyall.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Halts erect, stung by a spasm.)</em> Ow!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He looks round, darts forward suddenly. Through rising fog a dragon
sandstrewer, travelling at caution, slews heavily down upon him, its huge red
headlight winking, its trolley hissing on the wire. The motorman bangs his
footgong.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE GONG: Bang Bang Bla Bak Blud Bugg Bloo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The brake cracks violently. Bloom, raising a policeman’s whitegloved hand,
blunders stifflegged out of the track. The motorman, thrown forward, pugnosed,
on the guidewheel, yells as he slides past over chains and keys.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTORMAN: Hey, shitbreeches, are you doing the hat trick?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom trickleaps to the curbstone and halts again. He brushes a mudflake
from his cheek with a parcelled hand.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: No thoroughfare. Close shave that but cured the stitch. Must take up
Sandow’s exercises again. On the hands down. Insure against street accident
too. The Providential. <em>(He feels his trouser pocket.)</em> Poor mamma’s
panacea. Heel easily catch in track or bootlace in a cog. Day the wheel of the
black Maria peeled off my shoe at Leonard’s corner. Third time is the charm.
Shoe trick. Insolent driver. I ought to report him. Tension makes them nervous.
Might be the fellow balked me this morning with that horsey woman. Same style
of beauty. Quick of him all the same. The stiff walk. True word spoken in jest.
That awful cramp in Lad lane. Something poisonous I ate. Emblem of luck. Why?
Probably lost cattle. Mark of the beast. <em>(He closes his eyes an
instant.)</em> Bit light in the head. Monthly or effect of the other.
Brainfogfag. That tired feeling. Too much for me now. Ow!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A sinister figure leans on plaited legs against O’Beirne’s wall, a visage
unknown, injected with dark mercury. From under a wideleaved sombrero the
figure regards him with evil eye.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>Buenas noches, señorita Blanca, que calle es esta?</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FIGURE: (<em>Impassive, raises a signal arm.</em>) Password. <em>Sraid
Mabbot.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Haha. <em>Merci.</em> Esperanto. <em>Slan leath. (He mutters.)</em> Gaelic
league spy, sent by that fireeater.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He steps forward. A sackshouldered ragman bars his path. He steps left,
ragsackman left.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I beg.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(<em>He leaps right, sackragman right.</em>)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I beg.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(<em>He swerves, sidles, stepaside, slips past and on.</em>)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Keep to the right, right, right. If there is a signpost planted by the
Touring Club at Stepaside who procured that public boon? I who lost my way and
contributed to the columns of the <em>Irish Cyclist</em> the letter headed <em>In
darkest Stepaside</em>. Keep, keep, keep to the right. Rags and bones at
midnight. A fence more likely. First place murderer makes for. Wash off his
sins of the world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Jacky Caffrey, hunted by Tommy Caffrey, runs full tilt against Bloom.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: O.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Shocked, on weak hams, he halts. Tommy and Jacky vanish there, there. Bloom
pats with parcelled hands watch, fobpocket, bookpocket, pursepoke, sweets of
sin, potato soap.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Beware of pickpockets. Old thieves’ dodge. Collide. Then snatch your
purse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The retriever approaches sniffing, nose to the ground. A sprawled form
sneezes. A stooped bearded figure appears garbed in the long caftan of an elder
in Zion and a smokingcap with magenta tassels. Horned spectacles hang down at
the wings of the nose. Yellow poison streaks are on the drawn face.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RUDOLPH: Second halfcrown waste money today. I told you not go with drunken goy
ever. So you catch no money.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hides the crubeen and trotter behind his back and, crestfallen,
feels warm and cold feetmeat.) Ja, ich weiss, papachi.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RUDOLPH: What you making down this place? Have you no soul? <em>(With feeble
vulture talons he feels the silent face of Bloom.)</em> Are you not my son
Leopold, the grandson of Leopold? Are you not my dear son Leopold who left the
house of his father and left the god of his fathers Abraham and Jacob?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With precaution.)</em> I suppose so, father. Mosenthal. All that’s
left of him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RUDOLPH: <em>(Severely.)</em> One night they bring you home drunk as dog after
spend your good money. What you call them running chaps?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In youth’s smart blue Oxford suit with white vestslips,
narrowshouldered, in brown Alpine hat, wearing gent’s sterling silver waterbury
keyless watch and double curb Albert with seal attached, one side of him coated
with stiffening mud.)</em> Harriers, father. Only that once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RUDOLPH: Once! Mud head to foot. Cut your hand open. Lockjaw. They make you
kaputt, Leopoldleben. You watch them chaps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Weakly.)</em> They challenged me to a sprint. It was muddy. I
slipped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RUDOLPH: <em>(With contempt.) Goim nachez!</em> Nice spectacles for your poor
mother!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Mamma!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ELLEN BLOOM: <em>(In pantomime dame’s stringed mobcap, widow Twankey’s crinoline
and bustle, blouse with muttonleg sleeves buttoned behind, grey mittens and
cameo brooch, her plaited hair in a crispine net, appears over the staircase
banisters, a slanted candlestick in her hand, and cries out in shrill
alarm.)</em> O blessed Redeemer, what have they done to him! My smelling salts!
<em>(She hauls up a reef of skirt and ransacks the pouch of her striped blay
petticoat. A phial, an Agnus Dei, a shrivelled potato and a celluloid doll fall
out.)</em> Sacred Heart of Mary, where were you at all at all?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom, mumbling, his eyes downcast, begins to bestow his parcels in his
filled pockets but desists, muttering.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A VOICE: <em>(Sharply.)</em> Poldy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Who? <em>(He ducks and wards off a blow clumsily.)</em> At your service.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He looks up. Beside her mirage of datepalms a handsome woman in Turkish
costume stands before him. Opulent curves fill out her scarlet trousers and
jacket, slashed with gold. A wide yellow cummerbund girdles her. A white
yashmak, violet in the night, covers her face, leaving free only her large dark
eyes and raven hair.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Molly!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARION: Welly? Mrs Marion from this out, my dear man, when you speak to me.
<em>(Satirically.)</em> Has poor little hubby cold feet waiting so long?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shifts from foot to foot.)</em> No, no. Not the least little bit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He breathes in deep agitation, swallowing gulps of air, questions, hopes,
crubeens for her supper, things to tell her, excuse, desire, spellbound. A coin
gleams on her forehead. On her feet are jewelled toerings. Her ankles are
linked by a slender fetterchain. Beside her a camel, hooded with a turreting
turban, waits. A silk ladder of innumerable rungs climbs to his bobbing howdah.
He ambles near with disgruntled hindquarters. Fiercely she slaps his haunch,
her goldcurb wristbangles angriling, scolding him in Moorish.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARION: Nebrakada! Femininum!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The camel, lifting a foreleg, plucks from a tree a large mango fruit,
offers it to his mistress, blinking, in his cloven hoof, then droops his head
and, grunting, with uplifted neck, fumbles to kneel. Bloom stoops his back for
leapfrog.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I can give you... I mean as your business menagerer... Mrs Marion... if
you...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARION: So you notice some change? <em>(Her hands passing slowly over her
trinketed stomacher, a slow friendly mockery in her eyes.)</em> O Poldy, Poldy,
you are a poor old stick in the mud! Go and see life. See the wide world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I was just going back for that lotion whitewax, orangeflower water. Shop
closes early on Thursday. But the first thing in the morning. <em>(He pats
divers pockets.)</em> This moving kidney. Ah!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He points to the south, then to the east. A cake of new clean lemon soap
arises, diffusing light and perfume.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE SOAP:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We’re a capital couple are Bloom and I.<br/>He brightens the earth. I polish the sky.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The freckled face of Sweny, the druggist, appears in the disc of the
soapsun.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SWENY: Three and a penny, please.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Yes. For my wife. Mrs Marion. Special recipe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARION: <em>(Softly.)</em> Poldy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Yes, ma’am?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARION: <em>Ti trema un poco il cuore?</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(In disdain she saunters away, plump as a pampered pouter pigeon, humming
the duet from</em> Don Giovanni.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Are you sure about that <em>Voglio</em>? I mean the pronunciati...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He follows, followed by the sniffing terrier. The elderly bawd seizes his
sleeve, the bristles of her chinmole glittering.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BAWD: Ten shillings a maidenhead. Fresh thing was never touched. Fifteen.
There’s no-one in it only her old father that’s dead drunk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She points. In the gap of her dark den furtive, rainbedraggled, Bridie
Kelly stands.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BRIDIE: Hatch street. Any good in your mind?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(With a squeak she flaps her bat shawl and runs. A burly rough pursues with
booted strides. He stumbles on the steps, recovers, plunges into gloom. Weak
squeaks of laughter are heard, weaker.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BAWD: <em>(Her wolfeyes shining.)</em> He’s getting his pleasure. You won’t
get a virgin in the flash houses. Ten shillings. Don’t be all night before the
polis in plain clothes sees us. Sixtyseven is a bitch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Leering, Gerty Macdowell limps forward. She draws from behind, ogling, and
shows coyly her bloodied clout.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GERTY: With all my worldly goods I thee and thou. <em>(She murmurs.)</em> You did
that. I hate you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I? When? You’re dreaming. I never saw you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BAWD: Leave the gentleman alone, you cheat. Writing the gentleman false
letters. Streetwalking and soliciting. Better for your mother take the strap to
you at the bedpost, hussy like you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GERTY: <em>(To Bloom.)</em> When you saw all the secrets of my bottom drawer.
<em>(She paws his sleeve, slobbering.)</em> Dirty married man! I love you for
doing that to me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She glides away crookedly. Mrs Breen in man’s frieze overcoat with loose
bellows pockets, stands in the causeway, her roguish eyes wideopen, smiling in
all her herbivorous buckteeth.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: Mr...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Coughs gravely.)</em> Madam, when we last had this pleasure by letter
dated the sixteenth instant...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: Mr Bloom! You down here in the haunts of sin! I caught you nicely!
Scamp!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hurriedly.)</em> Not so loud my name. Whatever do you think of me?
Don’t give me away. Walls have ears. How do you do? It’s ages since I. You’re
looking splendid. Absolutely it. Seasonable weather we are having this time of
year. Black refracts heat. Short cut home here. Interesting quarter. Rescue of
fallen women. Magdalen asylum. I am the secretary...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Holds up a finger.)</em> Now, don’t tell a big fib! I know
somebody won’t like that. O just wait till I see Molly! <em>(Slily.)</em> Account
for yourself this very sminute or woe betide you!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Looks behind.)</em> She often said she’d like to visit. Slumming. The
exotic, you see. Negro servants in livery too if she had money. Othello black
brute. Eugene Stratton. Even the bones and cornerman at the Livermore
christies. Bohee brothers. Sweep for that matter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Tom and Sam Bohee, coloured coons in white duck suits, scarlet socks,
upstarched Sambo chokers and large scarlet asters in their buttonholes, leap
out. Each has his banjo slung. Their paler smaller negroid hands jingle the
twingtwang wires. Flashing white Kaffir eyes and tusks they rattle through a
breakdown in clumsy clogs, twinging, singing, back to back, toe heel, heel toe,
with smackfatclacking nigger lips.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>TOM AND SAM:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There’s someone in the house with Dina<br/>There’s someone in the house, I know,<br/>There’s someone in the house with Dina<br/>Playing on the old banjo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(They whisk black masks from raw babby faces: then, chuckling, chortling,
trumming, twanging, they diddle diddle cakewalk dance away.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With a sour tenderish smile.)</em> A little frivol, shall we, if you
are so inclined? Would you like me perhaps to embrace you just for a fraction
of a second?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Screams gaily.)</em> O, you ruck! You ought to see yourself!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: For old sake’ sake. I only meant a square party, a mixed marriage
mingling of our different little conjugials. You know I had a soft corner for
you. <em>(Gloomily.)</em> ’Twas I sent you that valentine of the dear gazelle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: Glory Alice, you do look a holy show! Killing simply. <em>(She puts
out her hand inquisitively.)</em> What are you hiding behind your back? Tell us,
there’s a dear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Seizes her wrist with his free hand.)</em> Josie Powell that was,
prettiest deb in Dublin. How time flies by! Do you remember, harking back in a
retrospective arrangement, Old Christmas night, Georgina Simpson’s housewarming
while they were playing the Irving Bishop game, finding the pin blindfold and
thoughtreading? Subject, what is in this snuffbox?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: You were the lion of the night with your seriocomic recitation and
you looked the part. You were always a favourite with the ladies.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Squire of dames, in dinner jacket with wateredsilk facings, blue
masonic badge in his buttonhole, black bow and mother-of-pearl studs, a
prismatic champagne glass tilted in his hand.)</em> Ladies and gentlemen, I give
you Ireland, home and beauty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: The dear dead days beyond recall. Love’s old sweet song.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Meaningfully dropping his voice.)</em> I confess I’m teapot with
curiosity to find out whether some person’s something is a little teapot at
present.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Gushingly.)</em> Tremendously teapot! London’s teapot and I’m
simply teapot all over me! <em>(She rubs sides with him.)</em> After the parlour
mystery games and the crackers from the tree we sat on the staircase ottoman.
Under the mistletoe. Two is company.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Wearing a purple Napoleon hat with an amber halfmoon, his fingers
and thumb passing slowly down to her soft moist meaty palm which she surrenders
gently.)</em> The witching hour of night. I took the splinter out of this hand,
carefully, slowly. <em>(Tenderly, as he slips on her finger a ruby ring.) Là ci
darem la mano.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(In a onepiece evening frock executed in moonlight blue, a tinsel
sylph’s diadem on her brow with her dancecard fallen beside her moonblue satin
slipper, curves her palm softly, breathing quickly.) Voglio e non.</em> You’re
hot! You’re scalding! The left hand nearest the heart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: When you made your present choice they said it was beauty and the beast.
I can never forgive you for that. <em>(His clenched fist at his brow.)</em> Think
what it means. All you meant to me then. <em>(Hoarsely.)</em> Woman, it’s
breaking me!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Denis Breen, whitetallhatted, with Wisdom Hely’s sandwichboards, shuffles
past them in carpet slippers, his dull beard thrust out, muttering to right and
left. Little Alf Bergan, cloaked in the pall of the ace of spades, dogs him to
left and right, doubled in laughter.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ALF BERGAN: <em>(Points jeering at the sandwichboards.)</em> U. p: up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(To Bloom.)</em> High jinks below stairs. <em>(She gives him the
glad eye.)</em> Why didn’t you kiss the spot to make it well? You wanted to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shocked.)</em> Molly’s best friend! Could you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Her pulpy tongue between her lips, offers a pigeon kiss.)</em>
Hnhn. The answer is a lemon. Have you a little present for me there?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Offhandedly.)</em> Kosher. A snack for supper. The home without
potted meat is incomplete. I was at <em>Leah</em>, Mrs Bandmann Palmer. Trenchant
exponent of Shakespeare. Unfortunately threw away the programme. Rattling good
place round there for pigs’ feet. Feel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Richie Goulding, three ladies’ hats pinned on his head, appears weighted to
one side by the black legal bag of Collis and Ward on which a skull and
crossbones are painted in white limewash. He opens it and shows it full of
polonies, kippered herrings, Findon haddies and tightpacked pills.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RICHIE: Best value in Dub.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bald Pat, bothered beetle, stands on the curbstone, folding his napkin,
waiting to wait.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PAT: <em>(Advances with a tilted dish of spillspilling gravy.)</em> Steak and
kidney. Bottle of lager. Hee hee hee. Wait till I wait.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RICHIE: Goodgod. Inev erate inall...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(With hanging head he marches doggedly forward. The navvy, lurching by,
gores him with his flaming pronghorn.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RICHIE: <em>(With a cry of pain, his hand to his back.)</em> Ah! Bright’s!
Lights!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Points to the navvy.)</em> A spy. Don’t attract attention. I hate
stupid crowds. I am not on pleasure bent. I am in a grave predicament.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: Humbugging and deluthering as per usual with your cock and bull
story.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I want to tell you a little secret about how I came to be here. But you
must never tell. Not even Molly. I have a most particular reason.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(All agog.)</em> O, not for worlds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Let’s walk on. Shall us?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: Let’s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The bawd makes an unheeded sign. Bloom walks on with Mrs Breen. The terrier
follows, whining piteously, wagging his tail.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BAWD: Jewman’s melt!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In an oatmeal sporting suit, a sprig of woodbine in the lapel, tony
buff shirt, shepherd’s plaid Saint Andrew’s cross scarftie, white spats, fawn
dustcoat on his arm, tawny red brogues, fieldglasses in bandolier and a grey
billycock hat.)</em> Do you remember a long long time, years and years ago, just
after Milly, Marionette we called her, was weaned when we all went together to
Fairyhouse races, was it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(In smart Saxe tailormade, white velours hat and spider
veil.)</em> Leopardstown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I mean, Leopardstown. And Molly won seven shillings on a three year old
named Nevertell and coming home along by Foxrock in that old fiveseater
shanderadan of a waggonette you were in your heyday then and you had on that
new hat of white velours with a surround of molefur that Mrs Hayes advised you
to buy because it was marked down to nineteen and eleven, a bit of wire and an
old rag of velveteen, and I’ll lay you what you like she did it on purpose...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: She did, of course, the cat! Don’t tell me! Nice adviser!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Because it didn’t suit you one quarter as well as the other ducky little
tammy toque with the bird of paradise wing in it that I admired on you and you
honestly looked just too fetching in it though it was a pity to kill it, you
cruel naughty creature, little mite of a thing with a heart the size of a
fullstop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Squeezes his arm, simpers.)</em> Naughty cruel I was!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Low, secretly, ever more rapidly.)</em> And Molly was eating a
sandwich of spiced beef out of Mrs Joe Gallaher’s lunch basket. Frankly, though
she had her advisers or admirers, I never cared much for her style. She was...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: Too...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Yes. And Molly was laughing because Rogers and Maggot O’Reilly were
mimicking a cock as we passed a farmhouse and Marcus Tertius Moses, the tea
merchant, drove past us in a gig with his daughter, Dancer Moses was her name,
and the poodle in her lap bridled up and you asked me if I ever heard or read
or knew or came across...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Eagerly.)</em> Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She fades from his side. Followed by the whining dog he walks on towards
hellsgates. In an archway a standing woman, bent forward, her feet apart,
pisses cowily. Outside a shuttered pub a bunch of loiterers listen to a tale
which their brokensnouted gaffer rasps out with raucous humour. An armless pair
of them flop wrestling, growling, in maimed sodden playfight.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE GAFFER: <em>(Crouches, his voice twisted in his snout.)</em> And when Cairns
came down from the scaffolding in Beaver street what was he after doing it into
only into the bucket of porter that was there waiting on the shavings for
Derwan’s plasterers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE LOITERERS: <em>(Guffaw with cleft palates.)</em> O jays!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Their paintspeckled hats wag. Spattered with size and lime of their lodges
they frisk limblessly about him.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Coincidence too. They think it funny. Anything but that. Broad daylight.
Trying to walk. Lucky no woman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE LOITERERS: Jays, that’s a good one. Glauber salts. O jays, into the men’s
porter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom passes. Cheap whores, singly, coupled, shawled, dishevelled, call
from lanes, doors, corners.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WHORES:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Are you going far, queer fellow?<br/>How’s your middle leg?<br/>Got a match on you?<br/>Eh, come here till I stiffen it for you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He plodges through their sump towards the lighted street beyond. From a
bulge of window curtains a gramophone rears a battered brazen trunk. In the
shadow a shebeenkeeper haggles with the navvy and the two redcoats.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Belching.)</em> Where’s the bloody house?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE SHEBEENKEEPER: Purdon street. Shilling a bottle of stout. Respectable
woman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Gripping the two redcoats, staggers forward with them.)</em> Come
on, you British army!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Behind his back.)</em> He aint half balmy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Laughs.)</em> What ho!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To the navvy.)</em> Portobello barracks canteen. You ask for
Carr. Just Carr.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Shouts.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We are the boys. Of Wexford.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Say! What price the sergeantmajor?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: Bennett? He’s my pal. I love old Bennett.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Shouts.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The galling chain.<br/>And free our native land.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He staggers forward, dragging them with him. Bloom stops, at fault. The dog
approaches, his tongue outlolling, panting.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Wildgoose chase this. Disorderly houses. Lord knows where they are gone.
Drunks cover distance double quick. Nice mixup. Scene at Westland row. Then
jump in first class with third ticket. Then too far. Train with engine behind.
Might have taken me to Malahide or a siding for the night or collision. Second
drink does it. Once is a dose. What am I following him for? Still, he’s the
best of that lot. If I hadn’t heard about Mrs Beaufoy Purefoy I wouldn’t have
gone and wouldn’t have met. Kismet. He’ll lose that cash. Relieving office
here. Good biz for cheapjacks, organs. What do ye lack? Soon got, soon gone.
Might have lost my life too with that mangongwheeltracktrolleyglarejuggernaut
only for presence of mind. Can’t always save you, though. If I had passed
Truelock’s window that day two minutes later would have been shot. Absence of
body. Still if bullet only went through my coat get damages for shock, five
hundred pounds. What was he? Kildare street club toff. God help his gamekeeper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He gazes ahead, reading on the wall a scrawled chalk legend</em> Wet Dream
<em>and a phallic design.</em>) Odd! Molly drawing on the frosted carriagepane at
Kingstown. What’s that like? <em>(Gaudy dollwomen loll in the lighted doorways,
in window embrasures, smoking birdseye cigarettes. The odour of the sicksweet
weed floats towards him in slow round ovalling wreaths.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WREATHS: Sweet are the sweets. Sweets of sin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: My spine’s a bit limp. Go or turn? And this food? Eat it and get all
pigsticky. Absurd I am. Waste of money. One and eightpence too much. <em>(The
retriever drives a cold snivelling muzzle against his hand, wagging his
tail.)</em> Strange how they take to me. Even that brute today. Better speak to
him first. Like women they like <em>rencontres.</em> Stinks like a polecat.
<em>Chacun son goût</em>. He might be mad. Dogdays. Uncertain in his movements.
Good fellow! Fido! Good fellow! Garryowen! <em>(The wolfdog sprawls on his back,
wriggling obscenely with begging paws, his long black tongue lolling out.)</em>
Influence of his surroundings. Give and have done with it. Provided nobody.
<em>(Calling encouraging words he shambles back with a furtive poacher’s tread,
dogged by the setter into a dark stalestunk corner. He unrolls one parcel and
goes to dump the crubeen softly but holds back and feels the trotter.)</em>
Sizeable for threepence. But then I have it in my left hand. Calls for more
effort. Why? Smaller from want of use. O, let it slide. Two and six.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(With regret he lets the unrolled crubeen and trotter slide. The mastiff
mauls the bundle clumsily and gluts himself with growling greed, crunching the
bones. Two raincaped watch approach, silent, vigilant. They murmur
together.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WATCH: Bloom. Of Bloom. For Bloom. Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Each lays hand on Bloom’s shoulder.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: Caught in the act. Commit no nuisance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Stammers.)</em> I am doing good to others.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A covey of gulls, storm petrels, rises hungrily from Liffey slime with
Banbury cakes in their beaks.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE GULLS: Kaw kave kankury kake.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: The friend of man. Trained by kindness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He points. Bob Doran, toppling from a high barstool, sways over the
munching spaniel.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BOB DORAN: Towser. Give us the paw. Give the paw.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The bulldog growls, his scruff standing, a gobbet of pig’s knuckle between
his molars through which rabid scumspittle dribbles. Bob Doran falls silently
into an area.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: Prevention of cruelty to animals.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Enthusiastically.)</em> A noble work! I scolded that tramdriver on
Harold’s cross bridge for illusing the poor horse with his harness scab. Bad
French I got for my pains. Of course it was frosty and the last tram. All tales
of circus life are highly demoralising.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Signor Maffei, passionpale, in liontamer’s costume with diamond studs in
his shirtfront, steps forward, holding a circus paperhoop, a curling
carriagewhip and a revolver with which he covers the gorging boarhound.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SIGNOR MAFFEI: <em>(With a sinister smile.)</em> Ladies and gentlemen, my
educated greyhound. It was I broke in the bucking broncho Ajax with my patent
spiked saddle for carnivores. Lash under the belly with a knotted thong. Block
tackle and a strangling pulley will bring your lion to heel, no matter how
fractious, even <em>Leo ferox</em> there, the Libyan maneater. A redhot crowbar
and some liniment rubbing on the burning part produced Fritz of Amsterdam, the
thinking hyena. <em>(He glares.)</em> I possess the Indian sign. The glint of my
eye does it with these breastsparklers. <em>(With a bewitching smile.)</em> I now
introduce Mademoiselle Ruby, the pride of the ring.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: Come. Name and address.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I have forgotten for the moment. Ah, yes! <em>(He takes off his high
grade hat, saluting.)</em> Dr Bloom, Leopold, dental surgeon. You have heard of
von Blum Pasha. Umpteen millions. <em>Donnerwetter!</em> Owns half Austria.
Egypt. Cousin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: Proof.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A card falls from inside the leather headband of Bloom’s hat.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In red fez, cadi’s dress coat with broad green sash, wearing a false
badge of the Legion of Honour, picks up the card hastily and offers it.)</em>
Allow me. My club is the Junior Army and Navy. Solicitors: Messrs John Henry
Menton, 27 Bachelor’s Walk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Reads.)</em> Henry Flower. No fixed abode. Unlawfully watching
and besetting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: An alibi. You are cautioned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Produces from his heartpocket a crumpled yellow flower.)</em> This is
the flower in question. It was given me by a man I don’t know his name.
<em>(Plausibly.)</em> You know that old joke, rose of Castile. Bloom. The change
of name. Virag. <em>(He murmurs privately and confidentially.)</em> We are
engaged you see, sergeant. Lady in the case. Love entanglement. <em>(He
shoulders the second watch gently.)</em> Dash it all. It’s a way we gallants
have in the navy. Uniform that does it. <em>(He turns gravely to the first
watch.)</em> Still, of course, you do get your Waterloo sometimes. Drop in some
evening and have a glass of old Burgundy. <em>(To the second watch gaily.)</em>
I’ll introduce you, inspector. She’s game. Do it in the shake of a lamb’s tail.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A dark mercurialised face appears, leading a veiled figure.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE DARK MERCURY: The Castle is looking for him. He was drummed out of the
army.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARTHA: <em>(Thickveiled, a crimson halter round her neck, a copy of the</em>
Irish Times <em>in her hand, in tone of reproach, pointing.)</em> Henry! Leopold!
Lionel, thou lost one! Clear my name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Sternly.)</em> Come to the station.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Scared, hats himself, steps back, then, plucking at his heart and
lifting his right forearm on the square, he gives the sign and dueguard of
fellowcraft.)</em> No, no, worshipful master, light of love. Mistaken identity.
The Lyons mail. Lesurques and Dubosc. You remember the Childs fratricide case.
We medical men. By striking him dead with a hatchet. I am wrongfully accused.
Better one guilty escape than ninetynine wrongfully condemned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARTHA: <em>(Sobbing behind her veil.)</em> Breach of promise. My real name is
Peggy Griffin. He wrote to me that he was miserable. I’ll tell my brother, the
Bective rugger fullback, on you, heartless flirt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Behind his hand.)</em> She’s drunk. The woman is inebriated. <em>(He
murmurs vaguely the pass of Ephraim.)</em> Shitbroleeth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Tears in his eyes, to Bloom.)</em> You ought to be thoroughly
well ashamed of yourself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Gentlemen of the jury, let me explain. A pure mare’s nest. I am a man
misunderstood. I am being made a scapegoat of. I am a respectable married man,
without a stain on my character. I live in Eccles street. My wife, I am the
daughter of a most distinguished commander, a gallant upstanding gentleman,
what do you call him, Majorgeneral Brian Tweedy, one of Britain’s fighting men
who helped to win our battles. Got his majority for the heroic defence of
Rorke’s Drift.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: Regiment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Turns to the gallery.)</em> The royal Dublins, boys, the salt of the
earth, known the world over. I think I see some old comrades in arms up there
among you. The R. D. F., with our own Metropolitan police, guardians of our
homes, the pluckiest lads and the finest body of men, as physique, in the
service of our sovereign.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A VOICE: Turncoat! Up the Boers! Who booed Joe Chamberlain?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His hand on the shoulder of the first watch.)</em> My old dad too was
a J. P. I’m as staunch a Britisher as you are, sir. I fought with the colours
for king and country in the absentminded war under general Gough in the park
and was disabled at Spion Kop and Bloemfontein, was mentioned in dispatches. I
did all a white man could. <em>(With quiet feeling.)</em> Jim Bludso. Hold her
nozzle again the bank.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: Profession or trade.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Well, I follow a literary occupation, author-journalist. In fact we are
just bringing out a collection of prize stories of which I am the inventor,
something that is an entirely new departure. I am connected with the British
and Irish press. If you ring up...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Myles Crawford strides out jerkily, a quill between his teeth. His scarlet
beak blazes within the aureole of his straw hat. He dangles a hank of Spanish
onions in one hand and holds with the other hand a telephone receiver nozzle to
his ear.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MYLES CRAWFORD: <em>(His cock’s wattles wagging.)</em> Hello, seventyseven
eightfour. Hello. <em>Freeman’s Urinal</em> and <em>Weekly Arsewipe</em> here.
Paralyse Europe. You which? Bluebags? Who writes? Is it Bloom?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Mr Philip Beaufoy, palefaced, stands in the witnessbox, in accurate morning
dress, outbreast pocket with peak of handkerchief showing, creased lavender
trousers and patent boots. He carries a large portfolio labelled</em> Matcham’s
Masterstrokes.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEAUFOY: <em>(Drawls.)</em> No, you aren’t. Not by a long shot if I know it. I
don’t see it, that’s all. No born gentleman, no-one with the most rudimentary
promptings of a gentleman would stoop to such particularly loathsome conduct.
One of those, my lord. A plagiarist. A soapy sneak masquerading as a
literateur. It’s perfectly obvious that with the most inherent baseness he has
cribbed some of my bestselling copy, really gorgeous stuff, a perfect gem, the
love passages in which are beneath suspicion. The Beaufoy books of love and
great possessions, with which your lordship is doubtless familiar, are a
household word throughout the kingdom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Murmurs with hangdog meekness glum.)</em> That bit about the laughing
witch hand in hand I take exception to, if I may...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEAUFOY: <em>(His lip upcurled, smiles superciliously on the court.)</em> You
funny ass, you! You’re too beastly awfully weird for words! I don’t think you
need over excessively disincommodate yourself in that regard. My literary agent
Mr J. B. Pinker is in attendance. I presume, my lord, we shall receive the
usual witnesses’ fees, shan’t we? We are considerably out of pocket over this
bally pressman johnny, this jackdaw of Rheims, who has not even been to a
university.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Indistinctly.)</em> University of life. Bad art.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEAUFOY: <em>(Shouts.)</em> It’s a damnably foul lie, showing the moral
rottenness of the man! <em>(He extends his portfolio.)</em> We have here damning
evidence, the <em>corpus delicti</em>, my lord, a specimen of my maturer work
disfigured by the hallmark of the beast.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A VOICE FROM THE GALLERY:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Moses, Moses, king of the jews,<br/>Wiped his arse in the <em>Daily News</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bravely.)</em> Overdrawn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEAUFOY: You low cad! You ought to be ducked in the horsepond, you rotter!
<em>(To the court.)</em> Why, look at the man’s private life! Leading a quadruple
existence! Street angel and house devil. Not fit to be mentioned in mixed
society! The archconspirator of the age!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To the court.)</em> And he, a bachelor, how...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: The King versus Bloom. Call the woman Driscoll.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CRIER: Mary Driscoll, scullerymaid!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Mary Driscoll, a slipshod servant girl, approaches. She has a bucket on the
crook of her arm and a scouringbrush in her hand.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: Another! Are you of the unfortunate class?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: <em>(Indignantly.)</em> I’m not a bad one. I bear a respectable
character and was four months in my last place. I was in a situation, six
pounds a year and my chances with Fridays out and I had to leave owing to his
carryings on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: What do you tax him with?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: He made a certain suggestion but I thought more of myself as
poor as I am.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In housejacket of ripplecloth, flannel trousers, heelless slippers,
unshaven, his hair rumpled: softly.)</em> I treated you white. I gave you
mementos, smart emerald garters far above your station. Incautiously I took
your part when you were accused of pilfering. There’s a medium in all things.
Play cricket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: <em>(Excitedly.)</em> As God is looking down on me this night if
ever I laid a hand to them oylsters!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: The offence complained of? Did something happen?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: He surprised me in the rere of the premises, Your honour, when
the missus was out shopping one morning with a request for a safety pin. He
held me and I was discoloured in four places as a result. And he interfered
twict with my clothing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: She counterassaulted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: <em>(Scornfully.)</em> I had more respect for the scouringbrush,
so I had. I remonstrated with him, Your lord, and he remarked: keep it quiet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(General laughter.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GEORGE FOTTRELL: <em>(Clerk of the crown and peace, resonantly.)</em> Order in
court! The accused will now make a bogus statement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom, pleading not guilty and holding a fullblown waterlily, begins a long
unintelligible speech. They would hear what counsel had to say in his stirring
address to the grand jury. He was down and out but, though branded as a black
sheep, if he might say so, he meant to reform, to retrieve the memory of the
past in a purely sisterly way and return to nature as a purely domestic animal.
A sevenmonths’ child, he had been carefully brought up and nurtured by an aged
bedridden parent. There might have been lapses of an erring father but he
wanted to turn over a new leaf and now, when at long last in sight of the
whipping post, to lead a homely life in the evening of his days, permeated by
the affectionate surroundings of the heaving bosom of the family. An
acclimatised Britisher, he had seen that summer eve from the footplate of an
engine cab of the Loop line railway company while the rain refrained from
falling glimpses, as it were, through the windows of loveful households in
Dublin city and urban district of scenes truly rural of happiness of the better
land with Dockrell’s wallpaper at one and ninepence a dozen, innocent
Britishborn bairns lisping prayers to the Sacred Infant, youthful scholars
grappling with their pensums or model young ladies playing on the pianoforte or
anon all with fervour reciting the family rosary round the crackling Yulelog
while in the boreens and green lanes the colleens with their swains strolled
what times the strains of the organtoned melodeon Britannia metalbound with
four acting stops and twelvefold bellows, a sacrifice, greatest bargain
ever....</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Renewed laughter. He mumbles incoherently. Reporters complain that they
cannot hear.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LONGHAND AND SHORTHAND: <em>(Without looking up from their notebooks.)</em>
Loosen his boots.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PROFESSOR MACHUGH: <em>(From the presstable, coughs and calls.)</em> Cough it up,
man. Get it out in bits.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The crossexamination proceeds</em> re <em>Bloom and the bucket. A large
bucket. Bloom himself. Bowel trouble. In Beaver street. Gripe, yes. Quite bad.
A plasterer’s bucket. By walking stifflegged. Suffered untold misery. Deadly
agony. About noon. Love or burgundy. Yes, some spinach. Crucial moment. He did
not look in the bucket. Nobody. Rather a mess. Not completely. A</em> Titbits
<em>back number</em>.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Uproar and catcalls. Bloom in a torn frockcoat stained with whitewash,
dinged silk hat sideways on his head, a strip of stickingplaster across his
nose, talks inaudibly.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: <em>(In barrister’s grey wig and stuffgown, speaking with a
voice of pained protest.)</em> This is no place for indecent levity at the
expense of an erring mortal disguised in liquor. We are not in a beargarden nor
at an Oxford rag nor is this a travesty of justice. My client is an infant, a
poor foreign immigrant who started scratch as a stowaway and is now trying to
turn an honest penny. The trumped up misdemeanour was due to a momentary
aberration of heredity, brought on by hallucination, such familiarities as the
alleged guilty occurrence being quite permitted in my client’s native place,
the land of the Pharaoh. <em>Prima facie</em>, I put it to you that there was no
attempt at carnally knowing. Intimacy did not occur and the offence complained
of by Driscoll, that her virtue was solicited, was not repeated. I would deal
in especial with atavism. There have been cases of shipwreck and somnambulism
in my client’s family. If the accused could speak he could a tale
unfold—one of the strangest that have ever been narrated between the
covers of a book. He himself, my lord, is a physical wreck from cobbler’s weak
chest. His submission is that he is of Mongolian extraction and irresponsible
for his actions. Not all there, in fact.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Barefoot, pigeonbreasted, in lascar’s vest and trousers, apologetic
toes turned in, opens his tiny mole’s eyes and looks about him dazedly, passing
a slow hand across his forehead. Then he hitches his belt sailor fashion and
with a shrug of oriental obeisance salutes the court, pointing one thumb
heavenward.)</em> Him makee velly muchee fine night. <em>(He begins to lilt
simply.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Li li poo lil chile<br/>Blingee pigfoot evly night<br/>Payee two shilly...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He is howled down.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: <em>(Hotly to the populace.)</em> This is a lonehand fight. By
Hades, I will not have any client of mine gagged and badgered in this fashion
by a pack of curs and laughing hyenas. The Mosaic code has superseded the law
of the jungle. I say it and I say it emphatically, without wishing for one
moment to defeat the ends of justice, accused was not accessory before the act
and prosecutrix has not been tampered with. The young person was treated by
defendant as if she were his very own daughter. <em>(Bloom takes J. J.
O’Molloy’s hand and raises it to his lips.)</em> I shall call rebutting evidence
to prove up to the hilt that the hidden hand is again at its old game. When in
doubt persecute Bloom. My client, an innately bashful man, would be the last
man in the world to do anything ungentlemanly which injured modesty could
object to or cast a stone at a girl who took the wrong turning when some
dastard, responsible for her condition, had worked his own sweet will on her.
He wants to go straight. I regard him as the whitest man I know. He is down on
his luck at present owing to the mortgaging of his extensive property at
Agendath Netaim in faraway Asia Minor, slides of which will now be shown.
<em>(To Bloom.)</em> I suggest that you will do the handsome thing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: A penny in the pound.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The image of the lake of Kinnereth with blurred cattle cropping in silver
haze is projected on the wall. Moses Dlugacz, ferreteyed albino, in blue
dungarees, stands up in the gallery, holding in each hand an orange citron and
a pork kidney.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DLUGACZ: <em>(Hoarsely.)</em> Bleibtreustrasse, Berlin, W. 13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(J. J. O’Molloy steps on to a low plinth and holds the lapel of his coat
with solemnity. His face lengthens, grows pale and bearded, with sunken eyes,
the blotches of phthisis and hectic cheekbones of John F. Taylor. He applies
his handkerchief to his mouth and scrutinises the galloping tide of rosepink
blood.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: <em>(Almost voicelessly.)</em> Excuse me. I am suffering from a
severe chill, have recently come from a sickbed. A few wellchosen words. <em>(He
assumes the avine head, foxy moustache and proboscidal eloquence of Seymour
Bushe.)</em> When the angel’s book comes to be opened if aught that the pensive
bosom has inaugurated of soultransfigured and of soultransfiguring deserves to
live I say accord the prisoner at the bar the sacred benefit of the doubt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A paper with something written on it is handed into court.</em>)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In court dress.)</em> Can give best references. Messrs Callan,
Coleman. Mr Wisdom Hely J. P. My old chief Joe Cuffe. Mr V. B. Dillon, ex lord
mayor of Dublin. I have moved in the charmed circle of the highest... Queens of
Dublin society. <em>(Carelessly.)</em> I was just chatting this afternoon at the
viceregal lodge to my old pals, sir Robert and lady Ball, astronomer royal, at
the levee. Sir Bob, I said...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: <em>(In lowcorsaged opal balldress and elbowlength ivory
gloves, wearing a sabletrimmed brickquilted dolman, a comb of brilliants and
panache of osprey in her hair.)</em> Arrest him, constable. He wrote me an
anonymous letter in prentice backhand when my husband was in the North Riding
of Tipperary on the Munster circuit, signed James Lovebirch. He said that he
had seen from the gods my peerless globes as I sat in a box of the <em>Theatre
Royal</em> at a command performance of <em>La Cigale</em>. I deeply inflamed him,
he said. He made improper overtures to me to misconduct myself at half past
four p.m. on the following Thursday, Dunsink time. He offered to send me
through the post a work of fiction by Monsieur Paul de Kock, entitled <em>The
Girl with the Three Pairs of Stays</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: <em>(In cap and seal coney mantle, wrapped up to the nose, steps
out of her brougham and scans through tortoiseshell quizzing-glasses which she
takes from inside her huge opossum muff.)</em> Also to me. Yes, I believe it is
the same objectionable person. Because he closed my carriage door outside sir
Thornley Stoker’s one sleety day during the cold snap of February ninetythree
when even the grid of the wastepipe and the ballstop in my bath cistern were
frozen. Subsequently he enclosed a bloom of edelweiss culled on the heights, as
he said, in my honour. I had it examined by a botanical expert and elicited the
information that it was a blossom of the homegrown potato plant purloined from
a forcingcase of the model farm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Shame on him!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A crowd of sluts and ragamuffins surges forward.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE SLUTS AND RAGAMUFFINS: <em>(Screaming.)</em> Stop thief! Hurrah there,
Bluebeard! Three cheers for Ikey Mo!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Produces handcuffs.)</em> Here are the darbies.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: He addressed me in several handwritings with fulsome
compliments as a Venus in furs and alleged profound pity for my frostbound
coachman Palmer while in the same breath he expressed himself as envious of his
earflaps and fleecy sheepskins and of his fortunate proximity to my person,
when standing behind my chair wearing my livery and the armorial bearings of
the Bellingham escutcheon garnished sable, a buck’s head couped or. He lauded
almost extravagantly my nether extremities, my swelling calves in silk hose
drawn up to the limit, and eulogised glowingly my other hidden treasures in
priceless lace which, he said, he could conjure up. He urged me (Stating that
he felt it his mission in life to urge me.) to defile the marriage bed, to
commit adultery at the earliest possible opportunity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(In amazon costume, hard hat, jackboots
cockspurred, vermilion waistcoat, fawn musketeer gauntlets with braided drums,
long train held up and hunting crop with which she strikes her welt
constantly.)</em> Also me. Because he saw me on the polo ground of the Phoenix
park at the match All Ireland versus the Rest of Ireland. My eyes, I know,
shone divinely as I watched Captain Slogger Dennehy of the Inniskillings win
the final chukkar on his darling cob <em>Centaur.</em> This plebeian Don Juan
observed me from behind a hackney car and sent me in double envelopes an
obscene photograph, such as are sold after dark on Paris boulevards, insulting
to any lady. I have it still. It represents a partially nude señorita, frail
and lovely (his wife, as he solemnly assured me, taken by him from nature),
practising illicit intercourse with a muscular torero, evidently a blackguard.
He urged me to do likewise, to misbehave, to sin with officers of the garrison.
He implored me to soil his letter in an unspeakable manner, to chastise him as
he richly deserves, to bestride and ride him, to give him a most vicious
horsewhipping.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: Me too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Me too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Several highly respectable Dublin ladies hold up improper letters received
from Bloom.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(Stamps her jingling spurs in a sudden
paroxysm of fury.)</em> I will, by the God above me. I’ll scourge the
pigeonlivered cur as long as I can stand over him. I’ll flay him alive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His eyes closing, quails expectantly.)</em> Here? <em>(He
squirms.)</em> Again! <em>(He pants cringing.)</em> I love the danger.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: Very much so! I’ll make it hot for you. I’ll
make you dance Jack Latten for that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: Tan his breech well, the upstart! Write the stars and stripes
on it!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Disgraceful! There’s no excuse for him! A married man!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: All these people. I meant only the spanking idea. A warm tingling glow
without effusion. Refined birching to stimulate the circulation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(Laughs derisively.)</em> O, did you, my
fine fellow? Well, by the living God, you’ll get the surprise of your life now,
believe me, the most unmerciful hiding a man ever bargained for. You have
lashed the dormant tigress in my nature into fury.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: <em>(Shakes her muff and quizzing-glasses vindictively.)</em>
Make him smart, Hanna dear. Give him ginger. Thrash the mongrel within an inch
of his life. The cat-o’-nine-tails. Geld him. Vivisect him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shuddering, shrinking, joins his hands: with hangdog mien.)</em> O
cold! O shivery! It was your ambrosial beauty. Forget, forgive. Kismet. Let me
off this once. <em>(He offers the other cheek.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: <em>(Severely.)</em> Don’t do so on any account, Mrs
Talboys! He should be soundly trounced!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(Unbuttoning her gauntlet violently.)</em>
I’ll do no such thing. Pigdog and always was ever since he was pupped! To dare
address me! I’ll flog him black and blue in the public streets. I’ll dig my
spurs in him up to the rowel. He is a wellknown cuckold. <em>(She swishes her
huntingcrop savagely in the air.)</em> Take down his trousers without loss of
time. Come here, sir! Quick! Ready?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Trembling, beginning to obey.)</em> The weather has been so warm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Davy Stephens, ringletted, passes with a bevy of barefoot newsboys.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DAVY STEPHENS: <em>Messenger of the Sacred Heart</em> and <em>Evening
Telegraph</em> with Saint Patrick’s Day supplement. Containing the new addresses
of all the cuckolds in Dublin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The very reverend Canon O’Hanlon in cloth of gold cope elevates and exposes
a marble timepiece. Before him Father Conroy and the reverend John Hughes S. J.
bend low.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE TIMEPIECE: <em>(Unportalling.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cuckoo.<br/>Cuckoo.<br/>Cuckoo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The brass quoits of a bed are heard to jingle.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE QUOITS: Jigjag. Jigajiga. Jigjag.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A panel of fog rolls back rapidly, revealing rapidly in the jurybox the
faces of Martin Cunningham, foreman, silkhatted, Jack Power, Simon Dedalus, Tom
Kernan, Ned Lambert, John Henry Menton, Myles Crawford, Lenehan, Paddy Leonard,
Nosey Flynn, M’Coy and the featureless face of a Nameless One.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NAMELESS ONE: Bareback riding. Weight for age. Gob, he organised her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE JURORS: <em>(All their heads turned to his voice.)</em> Really?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NAMELESS ONE: <em>(Snarls.)</em> Arse over tip. Hundred shillings to five.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE JURORS: <em>(All their heads lowered in assent.)</em> Most of us thought as
much.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: He is a marked man. Another girl’s plait cut. Wanted: Jack the
Ripper. A thousand pounds reward.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Awed, whispers.)</em> And in black. A mormon. Anarchist.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CRIER: <em>(Loudly.)</em> Whereas Leopold Bloom of no fixed abode is a
wellknown dynamitard, forger, bigamist, bawd and cuckold and a public nuisance
to the citizens of Dublin and whereas at this commission of assizes the most
honourable...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(His Honour, sir Frederick Falkiner, recorder of Dublin, in judicial garb of
grey stone rises from the bench, stonebearded. He bears in his arms an umbrella
sceptre. From his forehead arise starkly the Mosaic ramshorns.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE RECORDER: I will put an end to this white slave traffic and rid Dublin of
this odious pest. Scandalous! <em>(He dons the black cap.)</em> Let him be taken,
Mr Subsheriff, from the dock where he now stands and detained in custody in
Mountjoy prison during His Majesty’s pleasure and there be hanged by the neck
until he is dead and therein fail not at your peril or may the Lord have mercy
on your soul. Remove him. <em>(A black skullcap descends upon his head.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The subsheriff Long John Fanning appears, smoking a pungent Henry
Clay.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LONG JOHN FANNING: <em>(Scowls and calls with rich rolling utterance.)</em>
Who’ll hang Judas Iscariot?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(H. Rumbold, master barber, in a bloodcoloured jerkin and tanner’s apron, a
rope coiled over his shoulder, mounts the block. A life preserver and a
nailstudded bludgeon are stuck in his belt. He rubs grimly his grappling hands,
knobbed with knuckledusters.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RUMBOLD: <em>(To the recorder with sinister familiarity.)</em> Hanging Harry,
your Majesty, the Mersey terror. Five guineas a jugular. Neck or nothing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The bells of George’s church toll slowly, loud dark iron.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BELLS: Heigho! Heigho!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Desperately.)</em> Wait. Stop. Gulls. Good heart. I saw. Innocence.
Girl in the monkeyhouse. Zoo. Lewd chimpanzee. <em>(Breathlessly.)</em> Pelvic
basin. Her artless blush unmanned me. <em>(Overcome with emotion.)</em> I left
the precincts. (He turns to a figure in the crowd, appealing.) Hynes, may I
speak to you? You know me. That three shillings you can keep. If you want a
little more...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HYNES: <em>(Coldly.)</em> You are a perfect stranger.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Points to the corner.)</em> The bomb is here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: Infernal machine with a time fuse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: No, no. Pig’s feet. I was at a funeral.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Draws his truncheon.)</em> Liar!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The beagle lifts his snout, showing the grey scorbutic face of Paddy
Dignam. He has gnawed all. He exhales a putrid carcasefed breath. He grows to
human size and shape. His dachshund coat becomes a brown mortuary habit. His
green eye flashes bloodshot. Half of one ear, all the nose and both thumbs are
ghouleaten.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: <em>(In a hollow voice.)</em> It is true. It was my funeral. Doctor
Finucane pronounced life extinct when I succumbed to the disease from natural
causes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He lifts his mutilated ashen face moonwards and bays lugubriously.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In triumph.)</em> You hear?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: Bloom, I am Paddy Dignam’s spirit. List, list, O list!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: The voice is the voice of Esau.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Blesses himself.)</em> How is that possible?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: It is not in the penny catechism.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: By metempsychosis. Spooks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A VOICE: O rocks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: <em>(Earnestly.)</em> Once I was in the employ of Mr J. H. Menton,
solicitor, commissioner for oaths and affidavits, of 27 Bachelor’s Walk. Now I
am defunct, the wall of the heart hypertrophied. Hard lines. The poor wife was
awfully cut up. How is she bearing it? Keep her off that bottle of sherry.
<em>(He looks round him.)</em> A lamp. I must satisfy an animal need. That
buttermilk didn’t agree with me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The portly figure of John O’Connell, caretaker, stands forth, holding a
bunch of keys tied with crape. Beside him stands Father Coffey, chaplain,
toadbellied, wrynecked, in a surplice and bandanna nightcap, holding sleepily a
staff of twisted poppies.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FATHER COFFEY: <em>(Yawns, then chants with a hoarse croak.)</em> Namine. Jacobs.
Vobiscuits. Amen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JOHN O’CONNELL: <em>(Foghorns stormily through his megaphone.)</em> Dignam,
Patrick T, deceased.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: <em>(With pricked up ears, winces.)</em> Overtones. <em>(He wriggles
forward and places an ear to the ground.)</em> My master’s voice!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JOHN O’CONNELL: Burial docket letter number U. P. eightyfive thousand. Field
seventeen. House of Keys. Plot, one hundred and one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Paddy Dignam listens with visible effort, thinking, his tail stiffpointed,
his ears cocked.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: Pray for the repose of his soul.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He worms down through a coalhole, his brown habit trailing its tether over
rattling pebbles. After him toddles an obese grandfather rat on fungus turtle
paws under a grey carapace. Dignam’s voice, muffled, is heard baying under
ground:</em> Dignam’s dead and gone below. <em>Tom Rochford, robinredbreasted, in
cap and breeches, jumps from his twocolumned machine.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>TOM ROCHFORD: <em>(A hand to his breastbone, bows.)</em> Reuben J. A florin I
find him. <em>(He fixes the manhole with a resolute stare.)</em> My turn now on.
Follow me up to Carlow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He executes a daredevil salmon leap in the air and is engulfed in the
coalhole. Two discs on the columns wobble, eyes of nought. All recedes. Bloom
plodges forward again through the sump. Kisses chirp amid the rifts of fog. A
piano sounds. He stands before a lighted house, listening. The kisses, winging
from their bowers, fly about him, twittering, warbling, cooing.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE KISSES: <em>(Warbling.)</em> Leo! <em>(Twittering.)</em> Icky licky micky
sticky for Leo! <em>(Cooing.)</em> Coo coocoo! Yummyyum, Womwom!
<em>(Warbling.)</em> Big comebig! Pirouette! Leopopold! <em>(Twittering.)</em>
Leeolee! <em>(Warbling.)</em> O Leo!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(They rustle, flutter upon his garments, alight, bright giddy flecks,
silvery sequins.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: A man’s touch. Sad music. Church music. Perhaps here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Zoe Higgins, a young whore in a sapphire slip, closed with three bronze
buckles, a slim black velvet fillet round her throat, nods, trips down the
steps and accosts him.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Are you looking for someone? He’s inside with his friend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Is this Mrs Mack’s?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: No, eightyone. Mrs Cohen’s. You might go farther and fare worse. Mother
Slipperslapper. <em>(Familiarly.)</em> She’s on the job herself tonight with the
vet her tipster that gives her all the winners and pays for her son in Oxford.
Working overtime but her luck’s turned today. <em>(Suspiciously.)</em> You’re not
his father, are you?</p>
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</div>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-18.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-18.htm.html_pgepubid00081" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Not I!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: You both in black. Has little mousey any tickles tonight?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(His skin, alert, feels her fingertips approach. A hand glides over his left
thigh.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: How’s the nuts?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Off side. Curiously they are on the right. Heavier, I suppose. One in a
million my tailor, Mesias, says.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(In sudden alarm.)</em> You’ve a hard chancre.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Not likely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: I feel it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Her hand slides into his left trouser pocket and brings out a hard black
shrivelled potato. She regards it and Bloom with dumb moist lips.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: A talisman. Heirloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: For Zoe? For keeps? For being so nice, eh?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She puts the potato greedily into a pocket then links his arm, cuddling him
with supple warmth. He smiles uneasily. Slowly, note by note, oriental music is
played. He gazes in the tawny crystal of her eyes, ringed with kohol. His smile
softens.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: You’ll know me the next time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Forlornly.)</em> I never loved a dear gazelle but it was sure to...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Gazelles are leaping, feeding on the mountains. Near are lakes. Round their
shores file shadows black of cedargroves. Aroma rises, a strong hairgrowth of
resin. It burns, the orient, a sky of sapphire, cleft by the bronze flight of
eagles. Under it lies the womancity, nude, white, still, cool, in luxury. A
fountain murmurs among damask roses. Mammoth roses murmur of scarlet
winegrapes. A wine of shame, lust, blood exudes, strangely murmuring.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Murmuring singsong with the music, her odalisk lips lusciously smeared
with salve of swinefat and rosewater.) Schorach ani wenowach, benoith
Hierushaloim.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Fascinated.)</em> I thought you were of good stock by your accent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: And you know what thought did?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She bites his ear gently with little goldstopped teeth, sending on him a
cloying breath of stale garlic. The roses draw apart, disclose a sepulchre of
the gold of kings and their mouldering bones.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Draws back, mechanically caressing her right bub with a flat awkward
hand.)</em> Are you a Dublin girl?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Catches a stray hair deftly and twists it to her coil.)</em> No bloody
fear. I’m English. Have you a swaggerroot?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(As before.)</em> Rarely smoke, dear. Cigar now and then. Childish
device. <em>(Lewdly.)</em> The mouth can be better engaged than with a cylinder
of rank weed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Go on. Make a stump speech out of it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In workman’s corduroy overalls, black gansy with red floating tie
and apache cap.)</em> Mankind is incorrigible. Sir Walter Ralegh brought from
the new world that potato and that weed, the one a killer of pestilence by
absorption, the other a poisoner of the ear, eye, heart, memory, will,
understanding, all. That is to say he brought the poison a hundred years before
another person whose name I forget brought the food. Suicide. Lies. All our
habits. Why, look at our public life!</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Midnight chimes from distant steeples.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CHIMES: Turn again, Leopold! Lord mayor of Dublin!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In alderman’s gown and chain.)</em> Electors of Arran Quay, Inns
Quay, Rotunda, Mountjoy and North Dock, better run a tramline, I say, from the
cattlemarket to the river. That’s the music of the future. That’s my programme.
<em>Cui bono?</em> But our bucaneering Vanderdeckens in their phantom ship of
finance...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>AN ELECTOR: Three times three for our future chief magistrate!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The aurora borealis of the torchlight procession leaps.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE TORCHBEARERS: Hooray!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Several wellknown burgesses, city magnates and freemen of the city shake
hands with Bloom and congratulate him. Timothy Harrington, late thrice Lord
Mayor of Dublin, imposing in mayoral scarlet, gold chain and white silk tie,
confers with councillor Lorcan Sherlock,</em> locum tenens. <em>They nod
vigorously in agreement.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LATE LORD MAYOR HARRINGTON: <em>(In scarlet robe with mace, gold mayoral chain
and large white silk scarf.)</em> That alderman sir Leo Bloom’s speech be
printed at the expense of the ratepayers. That the house in which he was born
be ornamented with a commemorative tablet and that the thoroughfare hitherto
known as Cow Parlour off Cork street be henceforth designated Boulevard Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>COUNCILLOR LORCAN SHERLOCK: Carried unanimously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Impassionedly.)</em> These flying Dutchmen or lying Dutchmen as they
recline in their upholstered poop, casting dice, what reck they? Machines is
their cry, their chimera, their panacea. Laboursaving apparatuses, supplanters,
bugbears, manufactured monsters for mutual murder, hideous hobgoblins produced
by a horde of capitalistic lusts upon our prostituted labour. The poor man
starves while they are grassing their royal mountain stags or shooting peasants
and phartridges in their purblind pomp of pelf and power. But their reign is
rover for rever and ever and ev...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Prolonged applause. Venetian masts, maypoles and festal arches spring up. A
streamer bearing the legends</em> Cead Mile Failte <em>and</em> Mah Ttob Melek
Israel <em>spans the street. All the windows are thronged with sightseers,
chiefly ladies. Along the route the regiments of the Royal Dublin Fusiliers,
the King’s own Scottish Borderers, the Cameron Highlanders and the Welsh
Fusiliers, standing to attention, keep back the crowd. Boys from High school
are perched on the lampposts, telegraph poles, windowsills, cornices, gutters,
chimneypots, railings, rainspouts, whistling and cheering. The pillar of the
cloud appears. A fife and drum band is heard in the distance playing the Kol
Nidre. The beaters approach with imperial eagles hoisted, trailing banners and
waving oriental palms. The chryselephantine papal standard rises high,
surrounded by pennons of the civic flag. The van of the procession appears
headed by John Howard Parnell, city marshal, in a chessboard tabard, the
Athlone Poursuivant and Ulster King of Arms. They are followed by the Right
Honourable Joseph Hutchinson, lord mayor of Dublin, his lordship the lord mayor
of Cork, their worships the mayors of Limerick, Galway, Sligo and Waterford,
twentyeight Irish representative peers, sirdars, grandees and maharajahs
bearing the cloth of estate, the Dublin Metropolitan Fire Brigade, the chapter
of the saints of finance in their plutocratic order of precedence, the bishop
of Down and Connor, His Eminence Michael cardinal Logue, archbishop of Armagh,
primate of all Ireland, His Grace, the most reverend Dr William Alexander,
archbishop of Armagh, primate of all Ireland, the chief rabbi, the presbyterian
moderator, the heads of the baptist, anabaptist, methodist and Moravian chapels
and the honorary secretary of the society of friends. After them march the
guilds and trades and trainbands with flying colours: coopers, bird fanciers,
millwrights, newspaper canvassers, law scriveners, masseurs, vintners,
trussmakers, chimneysweeps, lard refiners, tabinet and poplin weavers,
farriers, Italian warehousemen, church decorators, bootjack manufacturers,
undertakers, silk mercers, lapidaries, salesmasters, corkcutters, assessors of
fire losses, dyers and cleaners, export bottlers, fellmongers, ticketwriters,
heraldic seal engravers, horse repository hands, bullion brokers, cricket and
archery outfitters, riddlemakers, egg and potato factors, hosiers and glovers,
plumbing contractors. After them march gentlemen of the bedchamber, Black Rod,
Deputy Garter, Gold Stick, the master of horse, the lord great chamberlain, the
earl marshal, the high constable carrying the sword of state, saint Stephen’s
iron crown, the chalice and bible. Four buglers on foot blow a sennet.
Beefeaters reply, winding clarions of welcome. Under an arch of triumph Bloom
appears, bareheaded, in a crimson velvet mantle trimmed with ermine, bearing
Saint Edward’s staff, the orb and sceptre with the dove, the curtana. He is
seated on a milkwhite horse with long flowing crimson tail, richly caparisoned,
with golden headstall. Wild excitement. The ladies from their balconies throw
down rosepetals. The air is perfumed with essences. The men cheer. Bloom’s boys
run amid the bystanders with branches of hawthorn and wrenbushes.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM’S BOYS:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The wren, the wren,<br/>The king of all birds,<br/>Saint Stephen’s his day<br/>Was caught in the furze.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A BLACKSMITH: <em>(Murmurs.)</em> For the honour of God! And is that Bloom? He
scarcely looks thirtyone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A PAVIOR AND FLAGGER: That’s the famous Bloom now, the world’s greatest
reformer. Hats off!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(All uncover their heads. Women whisper eagerly.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A MILLIONAIRESS: <em>(Richly.)</em> Isn’t he simply wonderful?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A NOBLEWOMAN: <em>(Nobly.)</em> All that man has seen!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A FEMINIST: <em>(Masculinely.)</em> And done!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A BELLHANGER: A classic face! He has the forehead of a thinker.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom’s weather. A sunburst appears in the northwest.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BISHOP OF DOWN AND CONNOR: I here present your undoubted emperor-president
and king-chairman, the most serene and potent and very puissant ruler of this
realm. God save Leopold the First!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ALL: God save Leopold the First!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In dalmatic and purple mantle, to the bishop of Down and Connor,
with dignity.)</em> Thanks, somewhat eminent sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>WILLIAM, ARCHBISHOP OF ARMAGH: <em>(In purple stock and shovel hat.)</em> Will
you to your power cause law and mercy to be executed in all your judgments in
Ireland and territories thereunto belonging?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Placing his right hand on his testicles, swears.)</em> So may the
Creator deal with me. All this I promise to do.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MICHAEL, ARCHBISHOP OF ARMAGH: <em>(Pours a cruse of hairoil over Bloom’s head.)
Gaudium magnum annuntio vobis. Habemus carneficem.</em> Leopold, Patrick,
Andrew, David, George, be thou anointed!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom assumes a mantle of cloth of gold and puts on a ruby ring. He ascends
and stands on the stone of destiny. The representative peers put on at the same
time their twentyeight crowns. Joybells ring in Christ church, Saint Patrick’s,
George’s and gay Malahide. Mirus bazaar fireworks go up from all sides with
symbolical phallopyrotechnic designs. The peers do homage, one by one,
approaching and genuflecting.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE PEERS: I do become your liege man of life and limb to earthly worship.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom holds up his right hand on which sparkles the Koh-i-Noor diamond. His
palfrey neighs. Immediate silence. Wireless intercontinental and interplanetary
transmitters are set for reception of message.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: My subjects! We hereby nominate our faithful charger Copula Felix
hereditary Grand Vizier and announce that we have this day repudiated our
former spouse and have bestowed our royal hand upon the princess Selene, the
splendour of night.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The former morganatic spouse of Bloom is hastily removed in the Black
Maria. The princess Selene, in moonblue robes, a silver crescent on her head,
descends from a Sedan chair, borne by two giants. An outburst of cheering.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JOHN HOWARD PARNELL: <em>(Raises the royal standard.)</em> Illustrious Bloom!
Successor to my famous brother!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Embraces John Howard Parnell.)</em> We thank you from our heart,
John, for this right royal welcome to green Erin, the promised land of our
common ancestors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The freedom of the city is presented to him embodied in a charter. The keys
of Dublin, crossed on a crimson cushion, are given to him. He shows all that he
is wearing green socks.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>TOM KERNAN: You deserve it, your honour.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: On this day twenty years ago we overcame the hereditary enemy at
Ladysmith. Our howitzers and camel swivel guns played on his lines with telling
effect. Half a league onward! They charge! All is lost now! Do we yield? No! We
drive them headlong! Lo! We charge! Deploying to the left our light horse swept
across the heights of Plevna and, uttering their warcry <em>Bonafide
Sabaoth</em>, sabred the Saracen gunners to a man.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CHAPEL OF FREEMAN TYPESETTERS: Hear! Hear!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JOHN WYSE NOLAN: There’s the man that got away James Stephens.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A BLUECOAT SCHOOLBOY: Bravo!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>AN OLD RESIDENT: You’re a credit to your country, sir, that’s what you are.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>AN APPLEWOMAN: He’s a man like Ireland wants.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: My beloved subjects, a new era is about to dawn. I, Bloom, tell you
verily it is even now at hand. Yea, on the word of a Bloom, ye shall ere long
enter into the golden city which is to be, the new Bloomusalem in the Nova
Hibernia of the future.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Thirtytwo workmen, wearing rosettes, from all the counties of Ireland,
under the guidance of Derwan the builder, construct the new Bloomusalem. It is
a colossal edifice with crystal roof, built in the shape of a huge pork kidney,
containing forty thousand rooms. In the course of its extension several
buildings and monuments are demolished. Government offices are temporarily
transferred to railway sheds. Numerous houses are razed to the ground. The
inhabitants are lodged in barrels and boxes, all marked in red with the
letters: L. B. Several paupers fall from a ladder. A part of the walls of
Dublin, crowded with loyal sightseers, collapses.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE SIGHTSEERS: <em>(Dying.) Morituri te salutant. (They die.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A man in a brown macintosh springs up through a trapdoor. He points an
elongated finger at Bloom.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MAN IN THE MACINTOSH: Don’t you believe a word he says. That man is Leopold
M’Intosh, the notorious fireraiser. His real name is Higgins.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Shoot him! Dog of a christian! So much for M’Intosh!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A cannonshot. The man in the macintosh disappears. Bloom with his sceptre
strikes down poppies. The instantaneous deaths of many powerful enemies,
graziers, members of parliament, members of standing committees, are reported.
Bloom’s bodyguard distribute Maundy money, commemoration medals, loaves and
fishes, temperance badges, expensive Henry Clay cigars, free cowbones for soup,
rubber preservatives in sealed envelopes tied with gold thread, butter scotch,
pineapple rock,</em> billets doux <em>in the form of cocked hats, readymade
suits, porringers of toad in the hole, bottles of Jeyes’ Fluid, purchase
stamps, 40 days’ indulgences, spurious coins, dairyfed pork sausages, theatre
passes, season tickets available for all tramlines, coupons of the royal and
privileged Hungarian lottery, penny dinner counters, cheap reprints of the
World’s Twelve Worst Books: Froggy And Fritz (politic), Care of the Baby
(infantilic), 50 Meals for 7/6 (culinic), Was Jesus a Sun Myth? (historic),
Expel that Pain (medic), Infant’s Compendium of the Universe (cosmic), Let’s
All Chortle (hilaric), Canvasser’s Vade Mecum (journalic), Loveletters of
Mother Assistant (erotic), Who’s Who in Space (astric), Songs that Reached Our
Heart (melodic), Pennywise’s Way to Wealth (parsimonic). A general rush and
scramble. Women press forward to touch the hem of Bloom’s robe. The lady
Gwendolen Dubedat bursts through the throng, leaps on his horse and kisses him
on both cheeks amid great acclamation. A magnesium flashlight photograph is
taken. Babes and sucklings are held up.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WOMEN: Little father! Little father!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BABES AND SUCKLINGS:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Clap clap hands till Poldy comes home,<br/>Cakes in his pocket for Leo alone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom, bending down, pokes Baby Boardman gently in the stomach.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BABY BOARDMAN: <em>(Hiccups, curdled milk flowing from his mouth.)</em> Hajajaja.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shaking hands with a blind stripling.)</em> My more than Brother!
<em>(Placing his arms round the shoulders of an old couple.)</em> Dear old
friends! <em>(He plays pussy fourcorners with ragged boys and girls.)</em> Peep!
Bopeep! <em>(He wheels twins in a perambulator.)</em> Ticktacktwo
wouldyousetashoe? <em>(He performs juggler’s tricks, draws red, orange, yellow,
green, blue, indigo and violet silk handkerchiefs from his mouth.)</em> Roygbiv.
32 feet per second. <em>(He consoles a widow.)</em> Absence makes the heart grow
younger. <em>(He dances the Highland fling with grotesque antics.)</em> Leg it,
ye devils! <em>(He kisses the bedsores of a palsied veteran.)</em> Honourable
wounds! <em>(He trips up a fat policeman.)</em> U. p: up. U. p: up. <em>(He
whispers in the ear of a blushing waitress and laughs kindly.)</em> Ah, naughty,
naughty! <em>(He eats a raw turnip offered him by Maurice Butterly, farmer.)</em>
Fine! Splendid! <em>(He refuses to accept three shillings offered him by Joseph
Hynes, journalist.)</em> My dear fellow, not at all! <em>(He gives his coat to a
beggar.)</em> Please accept. <em>(He takes part in a stomach race with elderly
male and female cripples.)</em> Come on, boys! Wriggle it, girls!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CITIZEN: <em>(Choked with emotion, brushes aside a tear in his emerald
muffler.)</em> May the good God bless him!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The rams’ horns sound for silence. The standard of Zion is hoisted.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Uncloaks impressively, revealing obesity, unrolls a paper and reads
solemnly.)</em> Aleph Beth Ghimel Daleth Hagadah Tephilim Kosher Yom Kippur
Hanukah Roschaschana Beni Brith Bar Mitzvah Mazzoth Askenazim Meshuggah Talith.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(An official translation is read by Jimmy Henry, assistant town clerk.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JIMMY HENRY: The Court of Conscience is now open. His Most Catholic Majesty
will now administer open air justice. Free medical and legal advice, solution
of doubles and other problems. All cordially invited. Given at this our loyal
city of Dublin in the year 1 of the Paradisiacal Era.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PADDY LEONARD: What am I to do about my rates and taxes?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Pay them, my friend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PADDY LEONARD: Thank you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>NOSEY FLYNN: Can I raise a mortgage on my fire insurance?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Obdurately.)</em> Sirs, take notice that by the law of torts you are
bound over in your own recognisances for six months in the sum of five pounds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: A Daniel did I say? Nay! A Peter O’Brien!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>NOSEY FLYNN: Where do I draw the five pounds?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PISSER BURKE: For bladder trouble?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Acid. nit. hydrochlor. dil.,</em> 20 minims<br/><em>Tinct. nux vom.,</em> 5 minims<br/><em>Extr. taraxel. lig.,</em> 30 minims.<br/><em>Aq. dis. ter in die.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHRIS CALLINAN: What is the parallax of the subsolar ecliptic of Aldebaran?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Pleased to hear from you, Chris. K. 11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JOE HYNES: Why aren’t you in uniform?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: When my progenitor of sainted memory wore the uniform of the Austrian
despot in a dank prison where was yours?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEN DOLLARD: Pansies?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Embellish (beautify) suburban gardens.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEN DOLLARD: When twins arrive?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Father (pater, dad) starts thinking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LARRY O’ROURKE: An eightday licence for my new premises. You remember me, sir
Leo, when you were in number seven. I’m sending around a dozen of stout for the
missus.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Coldly.)</em> You have the advantage of me. Lady Bloom accepts no
presents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CROFTON: This is indeed a festivity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Solemnly.)</em> You call it a festivity. I call it a sacrament.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ALEXANDER KEYES: When will we have our own house of keys?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I stand for the reform of municipal morals and the plain ten
commandments. New worlds for old. Union of all, jew, moslem and gentile. Three
acres and a cow for all children of nature. Saloon motor hearses. Compulsory
manual labour for all. All parks open to the public day and night. Electric
dishscrubbers. Tuberculosis, lunacy, war and mendicancy must now cease. General
amnesty, weekly carnival with masked licence, bonuses for all, esperanto the
universal language with universal brotherhood. No more patriotism of
barspongers and dropsical impostors. Free money, free rent, free love and a
free lay church in a free lay state.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O’MADDEN BURKE: Free fox in a free henroost.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DAVY BYRNE: <em>(Yawning.)</em> Iiiiiiiiiaaaaaaach!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Mixed races and mixed marriage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LENEHAN: What about mixed bathing?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom explains to those near him his schemes for social regeneration. All
agree with him. The keeper of the Kildare street museum appears, dragging a
lorry on which are the shaking statues of several naked goddesses, Venus
Callipyge, Venus Pandemos, Venus Metempsychosis, and plaster figures, also
naked, representing the new nine muses, Commerce, Operatic Music, Amor,
Publicity, Manufacture, Liberty of Speech, Plural Voting, Gastronomy, Private
Hygiene, Seaside Concert Entertainments, Painless Obstetrics and Astronomy for
the People.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FATHER FARLEY: He is an episcopalian, an agnostic, an anythingarian seeking to
overthrow our holy faith.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS RIORDAN: <em>(Tears up her will.)</em> I’m disappointed in you! You bad man!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MOTHER GROGAN: <em>(Removes her boot to throw it at Bloom.)</em> You beast! You
abominable person!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>NOSEY FLYNN: Give us a tune, Bloom. One of the old sweet songs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With rollicking humour.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I vowed that I never would leave her,<br/>She turned out a cruel deceiver.<br/>With my tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HOPPY HOLOHAN: Good old Bloom! There’s nobody like him after all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PADDY LEONARD: Stage Irishman!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: What railway opera is like a tramline in Gibraltar? The Rows of
Casteele.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Laughter.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LENEHAN: Plagiarist! Down with Bloom!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VEILED SIBYL: <em>(Enthusiastically.)</em> I’m a Bloomite and I glory in it.
I believe in him in spite of all. I’d give my life for him, the funniest man on
earth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Winks at the bystanders.)</em> I bet she’s a bonny lassie.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THEODORE PUREFOY: <em>(In fishingcap and oilskin jacket.)</em> He employs a
mechanical device to frustrate the sacred ends of nature.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VEILED SIBYL: <em>(Stabs herself.)</em> My hero god! <em>(She dies.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Many most attractive and enthusiastic women also commit suicide by
stabbing, drowning, drinking prussic acid, aconite, arsenic, opening their
veins, refusing food, casting themselves under steamrollers, from the top of
Nelson’s Pillar, into the great vat of Guinness’s brewery, asphyxiating
themselves by placing their heads in gasovens, hanging themselves in stylish
garters, leaping from windows of different storeys.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ALEXANDER J DOWIE: <em>(Violently.)</em> Fellowchristians and antiBloomites, the
man called Bloom is from the roots of hell, a disgrace to christian men. A
fiendish libertine from his earliest years this stinking goat of Mendes gave
precocious signs of infantile debauchery, recalling the cities of the plain,
with a dissolute granddam. This vile hypocrite, bronzed with infamy, is the
white bull mentioned in the Apocalypse. A worshipper of the Scarlet Woman,
intrigue is the very breath of his nostrils. The stake faggots and the caldron
of boiling oil are for him. Caliban!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOB: Lynch him! Roast him! He’s as bad as Parnell was. Mr Fox!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Mother Grogan throws her boot at Bloom. Several shopkeepers from upper and
lower Dorset street throw objects of little or no commercial value, hambones,
condensed milk tins, unsaleable cabbage, stale bread, sheep’s tails, odd pieces
of fat.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Excitedly.)</em> This is midsummer madness, some ghastly joke again.
By heaven, I am guiltless as the unsunned snow! It was my brother Henry. He is
my double. He lives in number 2 Dolphin’s Barn. Slander, the viper, has
wrongfully accused me. Fellowcountrymen, <em>sgenl inn ban bata coisde gan
capall.</em> I call on my old friend, Dr Malachi Mulligan, sex specialist, to
give medical testimony on my behalf.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DR MULLIGAN: <em>(In motor jerkin, green motorgoggles on his brow.)</em> Dr Bloom
is bisexually abnormal. He has recently escaped from Dr Eustace’s private
asylum for demented gentlemen. Born out of bedlock hereditary epilepsy is
present, the consequence of unbridled lust. Traces of elephantiasis have been
discovered among his ascendants. There are marked symptoms of chronic
exhibitionism. Ambidexterity is also latent. He is prematurely bald from
selfabuse, perversely idealistic in consequence, a reformed rake, and has metal
teeth. In consequence of a family complex he has temporarily lost his memory
and I believe him to be more sinned against than sinning. I have made a
pervaginal examination and, after application of the acid test to 5427 anal,
axillary, pectoral and pubic hairs, I declare him to be <em>virgo intacta.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom holds his high grade hat over his genital organs.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DR MADDEN: Hypsospadia is also marked. In the interest of coming generations I
suggest that the parts affected should be preserved in spirits of wine in the
national teratological museum.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DR CROTTHERS: I have examined the patient’s urine. It is albuminoid. Salivation
is insufficient, the patellar reflex intermittent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DR PUNCH COSTELLO: The <em>fetor judaicus</em> is most perceptible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DR DIXON: <em>(Reads a bill of health.)</em> Professor Bloom is a finished
example of the new womanly man. His moral nature is simple and lovable. Many
have found him a dear man, a dear person. He is a rather quaint fellow on the
whole, coy though not feebleminded in the medical sense. He has written a
really beautiful letter, a poem in itself, to the court missionary of the
Reformed Priests’ Protection Society which clears up everything. He is
practically a total abstainer and I can affirm that he sleeps on a straw litter
and eats the most Spartan food, cold dried grocer’s peas. He wears a hairshirt
of pure Irish manufacture winter and summer and scourges himself every
Saturday. He was, I understand, at one time a firstclass misdemeanant in
Glencree reformatory. Another report states that he was a very posthumous
child. I appeal for clemency in the name of the most sacred word our vocal
organs have ever been called upon to speak. He is about to have a baby.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(General commotion and compassion. Women faint. A wealthy American makes a
street collection for Bloom. Gold and silver coins, blank cheques, banknotes,
jewels, treasury bonds, maturing bills of exchange, I. O. U’s, wedding rings,
watchchains, lockets, necklaces and bracelets are rapidly collected.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: O, I so want to be a mother.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS THORNTON: <em>(In nursetender’s gown.)</em> Embrace me tight, dear. You’ll be
soon over it. Tight, dear.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom embraces her tightly and bears eight male yellow and white children.
They appear on a redcarpeted staircase adorned with expensive plants. All the
octuplets are handsome, with valuable metallic faces, wellmade, respectably
dressed and wellconducted, speaking five modern languages fluently and
interested in various arts and sciences. Each has his name printed in legible
letters on his shirtfront: Nasodoro, Goldfinger, Chrysostomos, Maindorée,
Silversmile, Silberselber, Vifargent, Panargyros. They are immediately
appointed to positions of high public trust in several different countries as
managing directors of banks, traffic managers of railways, chairmen of limited
liability companies, vicechairmen of hotel syndicates.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A VOICE: Bloom, are you the Messiah ben Joseph or ben David?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Darkly.)</em> You have said it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BROTHER BUZZ: Then perform a miracle like Father Charles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BANTAM LYONS: Prophesy who will win the Saint Leger.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom walks on a net, covers his left eye with his left ear, passes through
several walls, climbs Nelson’s Pillar, hangs from the top ledge by his eyelids,
eats twelve dozen oysters (shells included), heals several sufferers from
king’s evil, contracts his face so as to resemble many historical personages,
Lord Beaconsfield, Lord Byron, Wat Tyler, Moses of Egypt, Moses Maimonides,
Moses Mendelssohn, Henry Irving, Rip van Winkle, Kossuth, Jean Jacques
Rousseau, Baron Leopold Rothschild, Robinson Crusoe, Sherlock Holmes, Pasteur,
turns each foot simultaneously in different directions, bids the tide turn
back, eclipses the sun by extending his little finger.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BRINI, PAPAL NUNCIO: <em>(In papal zouave’s uniform, steel cuirasses as
breastplate, armplates, thighplates, legplates, large profane moustaches and
brown paper mitre.) Leopoldi autem generatio.</em> Moses begat Noah and Noah
begat Eunuch and Eunuch begat O’Halloran and O’Halloran begat Guggenheim and
Guggenheim begat Agendath and Agendath begat Netaim and Netaim begat Le Hirsch
and Le Hirsch begat Jesurum and Jesurum begat MacKay and MacKay begat
Ostrolopsky and Ostrolopsky begat Smerdoz and Smerdoz begat Weiss and Weiss
begat Schwarz and Schwarz begat Adrianopoli and Adrianopoli begat Aranjuez and
Aranjuez begat Lewy Lawson and Lewy Lawson begat Ichabudonosor and
Ichabudonosor begat O’Donnell Magnus and O’Donnell Magnus begat Christbaum and
Christbaum begat ben Maimun and ben Maimun begat Dusty Rhodes and Dusty Rhodes
begat Benamor and Benamor begat Jones-Smith and Jones-Smith begat
Savorgnanovich and Savorgnanovich begat Jasperstone and Jasperstone begat
Vingtetunieme and Vingtetunieme begat Szombathely and Szombathely begat Virag
and Virag begat Bloom <em>et vocabitur nomen eius Emmanuel.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A DEADHAND: <em>(Writes on the wall.)</em> Bloom is a cod.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CRAB: <em>(In bushranger’s kit.)</em> What did you do in the cattlecreep behind
Kilbarrack?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A FEMALE INFANT: <em>(Shakes a rattle.)</em> And under Ballybough bridge?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A HOLLYBUSH: And in the devil’s glen?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Blushes furiously all over from frons to nates, three tears falling
from his left eye.)</em> Spare my past.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE IRISH EVICTED TENANTS: <em>(In bodycoats, kneebreeches, with Donnybrook fair
shillelaghs.)</em> Sjambok him!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom with asses’ ears seats himself in the pillory with crossed arms, his
feet protruding. He whistles</em> Don Giovanni, a cenar teco. <em>Artane orphans,
joining hands, caper round him. Girls of the Prison Gate Mission, joining
hands, caper round in the opposite direction.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE ARTANE ORPHANS:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You hig, you hog, you dirty dog!<br/>You think the ladies love you!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE PRISON GATE GIRLS:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you see Kay<br/>Tell him he may<br/>See you in tea<br/>Tell him from me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HORNBLOWER: <em>(In ephod and huntingcap, announces.)</em> And he shall carry the
sins of the people to Azazel, the spirit which is in the wilderness, and to
Lilith, the nighthag. And they shall stone him and defile him, yea, all from
Agendath Netaim and from Mizraim, the land of Ham.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(All the people cast soft pantomime stones at Bloom. Many bonafide
travellers and ownerless dogs come near him and defile him. Mastiansky and
Citron approach in gaberdines, wearing long earlocks. They wag their beards at
Bloom.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MASTIANSKY AND CITRON: Belial! Laemlein of Istria, the false Messiah! Abulafia!
Recant!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(George R Mesias, Bloom’s tailor, appears, a tailor’s goose under his arm,
presenting a bill.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MESIAS: To alteration one pair trousers eleven shillings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Rubs his hands cheerfully.)</em> Just like old times. Poor Bloom!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Reuben J Dodd, blackbearded Iscariot, bad shepherd, bearing on his
shoulders the drowned corpse of his son, approaches the pillory.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>REUBEN J: <em>(Whispers hoarsely.)</em> The squeak is out. A split is gone for
the flatties. Nip the first rattler.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FIRE BRIGADE: Pflaap!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BROTHER BUZZ: <em>(Invests Bloom in a yellow habit with embroidery of painted
flames and high pointed hat. He places a bag of gunpowder round his neck and
hands him over to the civil power, saying.)</em> Forgive him his trespasses.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Lieutenant Myers of the Dublin Fire Brigade by general request sets fire to
Bloom. Lamentations.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CITIZEN: Thank heaven!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In a seamless garment marked I. H. S. stands upright amid phoenix
flames.)</em> Weep not for me, O daughters of Erin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He exhibits to Dublin reporters traces of burning. The daughters of Erin,
in black garments, with large prayerbooks and long lighted candles in their
hands, kneel down and pray.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE DAUGHTERS OF ERIN:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Kidney of Bloom, pray for us<br/>Flower of the Bath, pray for us<br/>Mentor of Menton, pray for us<br/>Canvasser for the Freeman, pray for us<br/>Charitable Mason, pray for us<br/>Wandering Soap, pray for us<br/>Sweets of Sin, pray for us<br/>Music without Words, pray for us<br/>Reprover of the Citizen, pray for us<br/>Friend of all Frillies, pray for us<br/>Midwife Most Merciful, pray for us<br/>Potato Preservative against Plague and Pestilence, pray for us.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A choir of six hundred voices, conducted by Vincent O’Brien, sings the
chorus from Handel’s Messiah</em> Alleluia for the Lord God Omnipotent reigneth,
<em>accompanied on the organ by Joseph Glynn. Bloom becomes mute, shrunken,
carbonised.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Talk away till you’re black in the face.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In caubeen with clay pipe stuck in the band, dusty brogues, an
emigrant’s red handkerchief bundle in his hand, leading a black bogoak pig by a
sugaun, with a smile in his eye.)</em> Let me be going now, woman of the house,
for by all the goats in Connemara I’m after having the father and mother of a
bating. <em>(With a tear in his eye.)</em> All insanity. Patriotism, sorrow for
the dead, music, future of the race. To be or not to be. Life’s dream is o’er.
End it peacefully. They can live on. <em>(He gazes far away mournfully.)</em> I
am ruined. A few pastilles of aconite. The blinds drawn. A letter. Then lie
back to rest. <em>(He breathes softly.)</em> No more. I have lived. Fare.
Farewell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Stiffly, her finger in her neckfillet.)</em> Honest? Till the next
time. <em>(She sneers.)</em> Suppose you got up the wrong side of the bed or came
too quick with your best girl. O, I can read your thoughts!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bitterly.)</em> Man and woman, love, what is it? A cork and bottle.
I’m sick of it. Let everything rip.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(In sudden sulks.)</em> I hate a rotter that’s insincere. Give a
bleeding whore a chance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Repentantly.)</em> I am very disagreeable. You are a necessary evil.
Where are you from? London?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Glibly.)</em> Hog’s Norton where the pigs plays the organs. I’m
Yorkshire born. <em>(She holds his hand which is feeling for her nipple.)</em> I
say, Tommy Tittlemouse. Stop that and begin worse. Have you cash for a short
time? Ten shillings?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Smiles, nods slowly.)</em> More, houri, more.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: And more’s mother? <em>(She pats him offhandedly with velvet paws.)</em> Are
you coming into the musicroom to see our new pianola? Come and I’ll peel off.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Feeling his occiput dubiously with the unparalleled embarrassment of
a harassed pedlar gauging the symmetry of her peeled pears.)</em> Somebody would
be dreadfully jealous if she knew. The greeneyed monster. <em>(Earnestly.)</em>
You know how difficult it is. I needn’t tell you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Flattered.)</em> What the eye can’t see the heart can’t grieve for.
<em>(She pats him.)</em> Come.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Laughing witch! The hand that rocks the cradle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Babby!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In babylinen and pelisse, bigheaded, with a caul of dark hair, fixes
big eyes on her fluid slip and counts its bronze buckles with a chubby finger,
his moist tongue lolling and lisping.)</em> One two tlee: tlee tlwo tlone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BUCKLES: Love me. Love me not. Love me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Silent means consent. <em>(With little parted talons she captures his hand,
her forefinger giving to his palm the passtouch of secret monitor, luring him
to doom.)</em> Hot hands cold gizzard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He hesitates amid scents, music, temptations. She leads him towards the
steps, drawing him by the odour of her armpits, the vice of her painted eyes,
the rustle of her slip in whose sinuous folds lurks the lion reek of all the
male brutes that have possessed her.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MALE BRUTES: <em>(Exhaling sulphur of rut and dung and ramping in their
loosebox, faintly roaring, their drugged heads swaying to and fro.)</em> Good!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Zoe and Bloom reach the doorway where two sister whores are seated. They
examine him curiously from under their pencilled brows and smile to his hasty
bow. He trips awkwardly.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Her lucky hand instantly saving him.)</em> Hoopsa! Don’t fall upstairs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: The just man falls seven times. <em>(He stands aside at the
threshold.)</em> After you is good manners.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Ladies first, gentlemen after.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She crosses the threshold. He hesitates. She turns and, holding out her
hands, draws him over. He hops. On the antlered rack of the hall hang a man’s
hat and waterproof. Bloom uncovers himself but, seeing them, frowns, then
smiles, preoccupied. A door on the return landing is flung open. A man in
purple shirt and grey trousers, brownsocked, passes with an ape’s gait, his
bald head and goatee beard upheld, hugging a full waterjugjar, his twotailed
black braces dangling at heels. Averting his face quickly Bloom bends to
examine on the halltable the spaniel eyes of a running fox: then, his lifted
head sniffing, follows Zoe into the musicroom. A shade of mauve tissuepaper
dims the light of the chandelier. Round and round a moth flies, colliding,
escaping. The floor is covered with an oilcloth mosaic of jade and azure and
cinnabar rhomboids. Footmarks are stamped over it in all senses, heel to heel,
heel to hollow, toe to toe, feet locked, a morris of shuffling feet without
body phantoms, all in a scrimmage higgledypiggledy. The walls are tapestried
with a paper of yewfronds and clear glades. In the grate is spread a screen of
peacock feathers. Lynch squats crosslegged on the hearthrug of matted hair, his
cap back to the front. With a wand he beats time slowly. Kitty Ricketts, a bony
pallid whore in navy costume, doeskin gloves rolled back from a coral wristlet,
a chain purse in her hand, sits perched on the edge of the table swinging her
leg and glancing at herself in the gilt mirror over the mantelpiece. A tag of
her corsetlace hangs slightly below her jacket. Lynch indicates mockingly the
couple at the piano.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: <em>(Coughs behind her hand.)</em> She’s a bit imbecillic. <em>(She signs
with a waggling forefinger.)</em> Blemblem. <em>(Lynch lifts up her skirt and
white petticoat with the wand. She settles them down quickly.)</em> Respect
yourself. <em>(She hiccups, then bends quickly her sailor hat under which her
hair glows, red with henna.)</em> O, excuse!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: More limelight, Charley. <em>(She goes to the chandelier and turns the gas
full cock.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: <em>(Peers at the gasjet.)</em> What ails it tonight?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Deeply.)</em> Enter a ghost and hobgoblins.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Clap on the back for Zoe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The wand in Lynch’s hand flashes: a brass poker. Stephen stands at the
pianola on which sprawl his hat and ashplant. With two fingers he repeats once
more the series of empty fifths. Florry Talbot, a blond feeble goosefat whore
in a tatterdemalion gown of mildewed strawberry, lolls spreadeagle in the
sofacorner, her limp forearm pendent over the bolster, listening. A heavy stye
droops over her sleepy eyelid.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: <em>(Hiccups again with a kick of her horsed foot.)</em> O, excuse!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Promptly.)</em> Your boy’s thinking of you. Tie a knot on your shift.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Kitty Ricketts bends her head. Her boa uncoils, slides, glides over her
shoulder, back, arm, chair to the ground. Lynch lifts the curled catterpillar
on his wand. She snakes her neck, nestling. Stephen glances behind at the
squatted figure with its cap back to the front.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: As a matter of fact it is of no importance whether Benedetto Marcello
found it or made it. The rite is the poet’s rest. It may be an old hymn to
Demeter or also illustrate <em>Cœla enarrant gloriam Domini.</em> It is
susceptible of nodes or modes as far apart as hyperphrygian and mixolydian and
of texts so divergent as priests haihooping round David’s that is Circe’s or
what am I saying Ceres’ altar and David’s tip from the stable to his chief
bassoonist about the alrightness of his almightiness. <em>Mais nom de nom,</em>
that is another pair of trousers. <em>Jetez la gourme. Faut que jeunesse se
passe. (He stops, points at Lynch’s cap, smiles, laughs.)</em> Which side is
your knowledge bump?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CAP: <em>(With saturnine spleen.)</em> Bah! It is because it is. Woman’s
reason. Jewgreek is greekjew. Extremes meet. Death is the highest form of life.
Bah!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: You remember fairly accurately all my errors, boasts, mistakes. How
long shall I continue to close my eyes to disloyalty? Whetstone!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CAP: Bah!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Here’s another for you. <em>(He frowns.)</em> The reason is because the
fundamental and the dominant are separated by the greatest possible interval
which...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CAP: Which? Finish. You can’t.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(With an effort.)</em> Interval which. Is the greatest possible
ellipse. Consistent with. The ultimate return. The octave. Which.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CAP: Which?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Outside the gramophone begins to blare</em> The Holy City.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Abruptly.)</em> What went forth to the ends of the world to
traverse not itself, God, the sun, Shakespeare, a commercial traveller, having
itself traversed in reality itself becomes that self. Wait a moment. Wait a
second. Damn that fellow’s noise in the street. Self which it itself was
ineluctably preconditioned to become. <em>Ecco!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(With a mocking whinny of laughter grins at Bloom and Zoe
Higgins.)</em> What a learned speech, eh?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Briskly.)</em> God help your head, he knows more than you have
forgotten.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(With obese stupidity Florry Talbot regards Stephen.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: They say the last day is coming this summer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: No!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Explodes in laughter.)</em> Great unjust God!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Offended.)</em> Well, it was in the papers about Antichrist. O, my
foot’s tickling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Ragged barefoot newsboys, jogging a wagtail kite, patter past,
yelling.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NEWSBOYS: Stop press edition. Result of the rockinghorse races. Sea serpent
in the royal canal. Safe arrival of Antichrist.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Stephen turns and sees Bloom.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: A time, times and half a time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Reuben J Antichrist, wandering jew, a clutching hand open on his spine,
stumps forward. Across his loins is slung a pilgrim’s wallet from which
protrude promissory notes and dishonoured bills. Aloft over his shoulder he
bears a long boatpole from the hook of which the sodden huddled mass of his
only son, saved from Liffey waters, hangs from the slack of its breeches. A
hobgoblin in the image of Punch Costello, hipshot, crookbacked, hydrocephalic,
prognathic with receding forehead and Ally Sloper nose, tumbles in somersaults
through the gathering darkness.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ALL: What?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HOBGOBLIN: <em>(His jaws chattering, capers to and fro, goggling his eyes,
squeaking, kangaroohopping with outstretched clutching arms, then all at once
thrusts his lipless face through the fork of his thighs.) Il vient! C’est moi!
L’homme qui rit! L’homme primigène! (He whirls round and round with dervish
howls.) Sieurs et dames, faites vos jeux! (He crouches juggling. Tiny roulette
planets fly from his hands.) Les jeux sont faits! (The planets rush together,
uttering crepitant cracks.) Rien va plus! (The planets, buoyant balloons, sail
swollen up and away. He springs off into vacuum.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Sinking into torpor, crossing herself secretly.)</em> The end of the
world!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A female tepid effluvium leaks out from her. Nebulous obscurity occupies
space. Through the drifting fog without the gramophone blares over coughs and
feetshuffling.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE GRAMOPHONE:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jerusalem!<br/>Open your gates and sing<br/>Hosanna...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A rocket rushes up the sky and bursts. A white star falls from it,
proclaiming the consummation of all things and second coming of Elijah. Along
an infinite invisible tightrope taut from zenith to nadir the End of the World,
a twoheaded octopus in gillie’s kilts, busby and tartan filibegs, whirls
through the murk, head over heels, in the form of the Three Legs of Man.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE END OF THE WORLD: <em>(With a Scotch accent.)</em> Wha’ll dance the keel row,
the keel row, the keel row?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Over the possing drift and choking breathcoughs, Elijah’s voice, harsh as a
corncrake’s, jars on high. Perspiring in a loose lawn surplice with funnel
sleeves he is seen, vergerfaced, above a rostrum about which the banner of old
glory is draped. He thumps the parapet.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ELIJAH: No yapping, if you please, in this booth. Jake Crane, Creole Sue, Dove
Campbell, Abe Kirschner, do your coughing with your mouths shut. Say, I am
operating all this trunk line. Boys, do it now. God’s time is 12.25. Tell
mother you’ll be there. Rush your order and you play a slick ace. Join on right
here. Book through to eternity junction, the nonstop run. Just one word more.
Are you a god or a doggone clod? If the second advent came to Coney Island are
we ready? Florry Christ, Stephen Christ, Zoe Christ, Bloom Christ, Kitty
Christ, Lynch Christ, it’s up to you to sense that cosmic force. Have we cold
feet about the cosmos? No. Be on the side of the angels. Be a prism. You have
that something within, the higher self. You can rub shoulders with a Jesus, a
Gautama, an Ingersoll. Are you all in this vibration? I say you are. You once
nobble that, congregation, and a buck joyride to heaven becomes a back number.
You got me? It’s a lifebrightener, sure. The hottest stuff ever was. It’s the
whole pie with jam in. It’s just the cutest snappiest line out. It is immense,
supersumptuous. It restores. It vibrates. I know and I am some vibrator. Joking
apart and, getting down to bedrock, A. J. Christ Dowie and the harmonial
philosophy, have you got that? O. K. Seventyseven west sixtyninth street. Got
me? That’s it. You call me up by sunphone any old time. Bumboosers, save your
stamps. <em>(He shouts.)</em> Now then our glory song. All join heartily in the
singing. Encore! <em>(He sings.)</em> Jeru...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE GRAMOPHONE: <em>(Drowning his voice.)</em> Whorusalaminyourhighhohhhh...
<em>(The disc rasps gratingly against the needle.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE THREE WHORES: <em>(Covering their ears, squawk.)</em> Ahhkkk!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ELIJAH: <em>(In rolledup shirtsleeves, black in the face, shouts at the top of
his voice, his arms uplifted.)</em> Big Brother up there, Mr President, you hear
what I done just been saying to you. Certainly, I sort of believe strong in
you, Mr President. I certainly am thinking now Miss Higgins and Miss Ricketts
got religion way inside them. Certainly seems to me I don’t never see no wusser
scared female than the way you been, Miss Florry, just now as I done seed you.
Mr President, you come long and help me save our sisters dear. <em>(He winks at
his audience.)</em> Our Mr President, he twig the whole lot and he aint saying
nothing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY-KATE: I forgot myself. In a weak moment I erred and did what I did on
Constitution hill. I was confirmed by the bishop and enrolled in the brown
scapular. My mother’s sister married a Montmorency. It was a working plumber
was my ruination when I was pure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE-FANNY: I let him larrup it into me for the fun of it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY-TERESA: It was in consequence of a portwine beverage on top of
Hennessy’s three star. I was guilty with Whelan when he slipped into the bed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: In the beginning was the word, in the end the world without end.
Blessed be the eight beatitudes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The beatitudes, Dixon, Madden, Crotthers, Costello, Lenehan, Bannon,
Mulligan and Lynch in white surgical students’ gowns, four abreast,
goosestepping, tramp fast past in noisy marching.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BEATITUDES: <em>(Incoherently.)</em> Beer beef battledog buybull businum
barnum buggerum bishop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYSTER: <em>(In quakergrey kneebreeches and broadbrimmed hat, says
discreetly.)</em> He is our friend. I need not mention names. Seek thou the
light.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He corantos by. Best enters in hairdresser’s attire, shinily laundered, his
locks in curlpapers. He leads John Eglinton who wears a mandarin’s kimono of
Nankeen yellow, lizardlettered, and a high pagoda hat.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEST: <em>(Smiling, lifts the hat and displays a shaven poll from the crown of
which bristles a pigtail toupee tied with an orange topknot.)</em> I was just
beautifying him, don’t you know. A thing of beauty, don’t you know, Yeats says,
or I mean, Keats says.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JOHN EGLINTON: <em>(Produces a greencapped dark lantern and flashes it towards a
corner: with carping accent.)</em> Esthetics and cosmetics are for the boudoir.
I am out for truth. Plain truth for a plain man. Tanderagee wants the facts and
means to get them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(In the cone of the searchlight behind the coalscuttle, ollave, holyeyed,
the bearded figure of Mananaun MacLir broods, chin on knees. He rises slowly. A
cold seawind blows from his druid mouth. About his head writhe eels and elvers.
He is encrusted with weeds and shells. His right hand holds a bicycle pump. His
left hand grasps a huge crayfish by its two talons.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MANANAUN MACLIR: <em>(With a voice of waves.)</em> Aum! Hek! Wal! Ak! Lub! Mor!
Ma! White yoghin of the gods. Occult pimander of Hermes Trismegistos. <em>(With
a voice of whistling seawind.)</em> Punarjanam patsypunjaub! I won’t have my leg
pulled. It has been said by one: beware the left, the cult of Shakti. <em>(With
a cry of stormbirds.)</em> Shakti Shiva, darkhidden Father! <em>(He smites with
his bicycle pump the crayfish in his left hand. On its cooperative dial glow
the twelve signs of the zodiac. He wails with the vehemence of the ocean.)</em>
Aum! Baum! Pyjaum! I am the light of the homestead! I am the dreamery creamery
butter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A skeleton judashand strangles the light. The green light wanes to mauve.
The gasjet wails whistling.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE GASJET: Pooah! Pfuiiiiiii!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Zoe runs to the chandelier and, crooking her leg, adjusts the mantle.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Who has a fag as I’m here?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Tossing a cigarette on to the table.)</em> Here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Her head perched aside in mock pride.)</em> Is that the way to hand the
<em>pot</em> to a lady? <em>(She stretches up to light the cigarette over the
flame, twirling it slowly, showing the brown tufts of her armpits. Lynch with
his poker lifts boldly a side of her slip. Bare from her garters up her flesh
appears under the sapphire a nixie’s green. She puffs calmly at her
cigarette.)</em> Can you see the beautyspot of my behind?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: I’m not looking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Makes sheep’s eyes.)</em> No? You wouldn’t do a less thing. Would you
suck a lemon?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Squinting in mock shame she glances with sidelong meaning at Bloom, then
twists round towards him, pulling her slip free of the poker. Blue fluid again
flows over her flesh. Bloom stands, smiling desirously, twirling his thumbs.
Kitty Ricketts licks her middle finger with her spittle and, gazing in the
mirror, smooths both eyebrows. Lipoti Virag, basilicogrammate, chutes rapidly
down through the chimneyflue and struts two steps to the left on gawky pink
stilts. He is sausaged into several overcoats and wears a brown macintosh under
which he holds a roll of parchment. In his left eye flashes the monocle of
Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell. On his head is perched an
Egyptian pshent. Two quills project over his ears.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Heels together, bows.)</em> My name is Virag Lipoti, of Szombathely.
<em>(He coughs thoughtfully, drily.)</em> Promiscuous nakedness is much in
evidence hereabouts, eh? Inadvertently her backview revealed the fact that she
is not wearing those rather intimate garments of which you are a particular
devotee. The injection mark on the thigh I hope you perceived? Good.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Granpapachi. But...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: Number two on the other hand, she of the cherry rouge and coiffeuse
white, whose hair owes not a little to our tribal elixir of gopherwood, is in
walking costume and tightly staysed by her sit, I should opine. Backbone in
front, so to say. Correct me but I always understood that the act so performed
by skittish humans with glimpses of lingerie appealed to you in virtue of its
exhibitionististicicity. In a word. Hippogriff. Am I right?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: She is rather lean.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Not unpleasantly.)</em> Absolutely! Well observed and those pannier
pockets of the skirt and slightly pegtop effect are devised to suggest
bunchiness of hip. A new purchase at some monster sale for which a gull has
been mulcted. Meretricious finery to deceive the eye. Observe the attention to
details of dustspecks. Never put on you tomorrow what you can wear today.
Parallax! <em>(With a nervous twitch of his head.)</em> Did you hear my brain go
snap? Pollysyllabax!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(An elbow resting in a hand, a forefinger against his cheek.)</em> She
seems sad.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Cynically, his weasel teeth bared yellow, draws down his left eye
with a finger and barks hoarsely.)</em> Hoax! Beware of the flapper and bogus
mournful. Lily of the alley. All possess bachelor’s button discovered by
Rualdus Columbus. Tumble her. Columble her. Chameleon. <em>(More genially.)</em>
Well then, permit me to draw your attention to item number three. There is
plenty of her visible to the naked eye. Observe the mass of oxygenated
vegetable matter on her skull. What ho, she bumps! The ugly duckling of the
party, longcasted and deep in keel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Regretfully.)</em> When you come out without your gun.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: We can do you all brands, mild, medium and strong. Pay your money, take
your choice. How happy could you be with either...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: With...?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(His tongue upcurling.)</em> Lyum! Look. Her beam is broad. She is
coated with quite a considerable layer of fat. Obviously mammal in weight of
bosom you remark that she has in front well to the fore two protuberances of
very respectable dimensions, inclined to fall in the noonday soupplate, while
on her rere lower down are two additional protuberances, suggestive of potent
rectum and tumescent for palpation, which leave nothing to be desired save
compactness. Such fleshy parts are the product of careful nurture. When
coopfattened their livers reach an elephantine size. Pellets of new bread with
fennygreek and gumbenjamin swamped down by potions of green tea endow them
during their brief existence with natural pincushions of quite colossal
blubber. That suits your book, eh? Fleshhotpots of Egypt to hanker after.
Wallow in it. Lycopodium. <em>(His throat twitches.)</em> Slapbang! There he goes
again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: The stye I dislike.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Arches his eyebrows.)</em> Contact with a goldring, they say.
<em>Argumentum ad feminam</em>, as we said in old Rome and ancient Greece in the
consulship of Diplodocus and Ichthyosauros. For the rest Eve’s sovereign
remedy. Not for sale. Hire only. Huguenot. <em>(He twitches.)</em> It is a funny
sound. <em>(He coughs encouragingly.)</em> But possibly it is only a wart. I
presume you shall have remembered what I will have taught you on that head?
Wheatenmeal with honey and nutmeg.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Reflecting.)</em> Wheatenmeal with lycopodium and syllabax. This
searching ordeal. It has been an unusually fatiguing day, a chapter of
accidents. Wait. I mean, wartsblood spreads warts, you said...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Severely, his nose hardhumped, his side eye winking.)</em> Stop
twirling your thumbs and have a good old thunk. See, you have forgotten.
Exercise your mnemotechnic. <em>La causa è santa</em>. Tara. Tara.
<em>(Aside.)</em> He will surely remember.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Rosemary also did I understand you to say or willpower over parasitic
tissues. Then nay no I have an inkling. The touch of a deadhand cures. Mnemo?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Excitedly.)</em> I say so. I say so. E’en so. Technic. <em>(He taps
his parchmentroll energetically.)</em> This book tells you how to act with all
descriptive particulars. Consult index for agitated fear of aconite, melancholy
of muriatic, priapic pulsatilla. Virag is going to talk about amputation. Our
old friend caustic. They must be starved. Snip off with horsehair under the
denned neck. But, to change the venue to the Bulgar and the Basque, have you
made up your mind whether you like or dislike women in male habiliments?
<em>(With a dry snigger.)</em> You intended to devote an entire year to the study
of the religious problem and the summer months of 1886 to square the circle and
win that million. Pomegranate! From the sublime to the ridiculous is but a
step. Pyjamas, let us say? Or stockingette gussetted knickers, closed? Or, put
we the case, those complicated combinations, camiknickers? <em>(He crows
derisively.)</em> Keekeereekee!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom surveys uncertainly the three whores then gazes at the veiled mauve
light, hearing the everflying moth.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I wanted then to have now concluded. Nightdress was never. Hence this.
But tomorrow is a new day will be. Past was is today. What now is will then
morrow as now was be past yester.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Prompts in a pig’s whisper.)</em> Insects of the day spend their
brief existence in reiterated coition, lured by the smell of the inferiorly
pulchritudinous female possessing extendified pudendal nerve in dorsal region.
Pretty Poll! <em>(His yellow parrotbeak gabbles nasally.)</em> They had a proverb
in the Carpathians in or about the year five thousand five hundred and fifty of
our era. One tablespoonful of honey will attract friend Bruin more than half a
dozen barrels of first choice malt vinegar. Bear’s buzz bothers bees. But of
this apart. At another time we may resume. We were very pleased, we others.
<em>(He coughs and, bending his brow, rubs his nose thoughtfully with a scooping
hand.)</em> You shall find that these night insects follow the light. An
illusion for remember their complex unadjustable eye. For all these knotty
points see the seventeenth book of my Fundamentals of Sexology or the Love
Passion which Doctor L. B. says is the book sensation of the year. Some, to
example, there are again whose movements are automatic. Perceive. That is his
appropriate sun. Nightbird nightsun nighttown. Chase me, Charley! <em>(He blows
into Bloom’s ear.)</em> Buzz!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Bee or bluebottle too other day butting shadow on wall dazed self then
me wandered dazed down shirt good job I...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(His face impassive, laughs in a rich feminine key.)</em> Splendid!
Spanish fly in his fly or mustard plaster on his dibble. <em>(He gobbles
gluttonously with turkey wattles.)</em> Bubbly jock! Bubbly jock! Where are we?
Open Sesame! Cometh forth! <em>(He unrolls his parchment rapidly and reads, his
glowworm’s nose running backwards over the letters which he claws.)</em> Stay,
good friend. I bring thee thy answer. Redbank oysters will shortly be upon us.
I’m the best o’cook. Those succulent bivalves may help us and the truffles of
Perigord, tubers dislodged through mister omnivorous porker, were unsurpassed
in cases of nervous debility or viragitis. Though they stink yet they sting.
<em>(He wags his head with cackling raillery.)</em> Jocular. With my eyeglass in
my ocular. <em>(He sneezes.)</em> Amen!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Absently.)</em> Ocularly woman’s bivalve case is worse. Always open
sesame. The cloven sex. Why they fear vermin, creeping things. Yet Eve and the
serpent contradicts. Not a historical fact. Obvious analogy to my idea.
Serpents too are gluttons for woman’s milk. Wind their way through miles of
omnivorous forest to sucksucculent her breast dry. Like those bubblyjocular
Roman matrons one reads of in Elephantuliasis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(His mouth projected in hard wrinkles, eyes stonily forlornly closed,
psalms in outlandish monotone.)</em> That the cows with their those distended
udders that they have been the the known...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I am going to scream. I beg your pardon. Ah? So. <em>(He repeats.)</em>
Spontaneously to seek out the saurian’s lair in order to entrust their teats to
his avid suction. Ant milks aphis. <em>(Profoundly.)</em> Instinct rules the
world. In life. In death.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Head askew, arches his back and hunched wingshoulders, peers at the
moth out of blear bulged eyes, points a horning claw and cries.)</em> Who’s moth
moth? Who’s dear Gerald? Dear Ger, that you? O dear, he is Gerald. O, I much
fear he shall be most badly burned. Will some pleashe pershon not now
impediment so catastrophics mit agitation of firstclass tablenumpkin? <em>(He
mews.)</em> Puss puss puss puss! <em>(He sighs, draws back and stares sideways
down with dropping underjaw.)</em> Well, well. He doth rest anon. (He snaps his
jaws suddenly on the air.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTH:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I’m a tiny tiny thing<br/>Ever flying in the spring<br/>Round and round a ringaring.<br/>Long ago I was a king<br/>Now I do this kind of thing<br/>On the wing, on the wing!<br/>Bing!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He rushes against the mauve shade, flapping noisily.)</em> Pretty pretty
pretty pretty pretty pretty petticoats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(From left upper entrance with two gliding steps Henry Flower comes forward
to left front centre. He wears a dark mantle and drooping plumed sombrero. He
carries a silverstringed inlaid dulcimer and a longstemmed bamboo Jacob’s pipe,
its clay bowl fashioned as a female head. He wears dark velvet hose and
silverbuckled pumps. He has the romantic Saviour’s face with flowing locks,
thin beard and moustache. His spindlelegs and sparrow feet are those of the
tenor Mario, prince of Candia. He settles down his goffered ruffs and moistens
his lips with a passage of his amorous tongue.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HENRY: <em>(In a low dulcet voice, touching the strings of his guitar.)</em>
There is a flower that bloometh.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Virag truculent, his jowl set, stares at the lamp. Grave Bloom regards
Zoe’s neck. Henry gallant turns with pendant dewlap to the piano.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(To himself.)</em> Play with your eyes shut. Imitate pa. Filling my
belly with husks of swine. Too much of this. I will arise and go to my. Expect
this is the. Steve, thou art in a parlous way. Must visit old Deasy or
telegraph. Our interview of this morning has left on me a deep impression.
Though our ages. Will write fully tomorrow. I’m partially drunk, by the way.
<em>(He touches the keys again.)</em> Minor chord comes now. Yes. Not much
however.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Almidano Artifoni holds out a batonroll of music with vigorous
moustachework.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ARTIFONI: <em>Ci rifletta. Lei rovina tutto.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: Sing us something. Love’s old sweet song.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: No voice. I am a most finished artist. Lynch, did I show you the
letter about the lute?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Smirking.)</em> The bird that can sing and won’t sing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The Siamese twins, Philip Drunk and Philip Sober, two Oxford dons with
lawnmowers, appear in the window embrasure. Both are masked with Matthew
Arnold’s face.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHILIP SOBER: Take a fool’s advice. All is not well. Work it out with the
buttend of a pencil, like a good young idiot. Three pounds twelve you got, two
notes, one sovereign, two crowns, if youth but knew. Mooney’s en ville,
Mooney’s sur mer, the Moira, Larchet’s, Holles street hospital, Burke’s. Eh? I
am watching you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHILIP DRUNK: <em>(Impatiently.)</em> Ah, bosh, man. Go to hell! I paid my way.
If I could only find out about octaves. Reduplication of personality. Who was
it told me his name? <em>(His lawnmower begins to purr.)</em> Aha, yes. <em>Zoe
mou sas agapo</em>. Have a notion I was here before. When was it not Atkinson
his card I have somewhere. Mac Somebody. Unmack I have it. He told me about,
hold on, Swinburne, was it, no?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: And the song?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: Are you out of Maynooth? You’re like someone I knew once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Out of it now. <em>(To himself.)</em> Clever.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHILIP DRUNK AND PHILIP SOBER: <em>(Their lawnmowers purring with a rigadoon of
grasshalms.)</em> Clever ever. Out of it out of it. By the bye have you the
book, the thing, the ashplant? Yes, there it, yes. Cleverever outofitnow. Keep
in condition. Do like us.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: There was a priest down here two nights ago to do his bit of business with
his coat buttoned up. You needn’t try to hide, I says to him. I know you’ve a
Roman collar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: Perfectly logical from his standpoint. Fall of man. <em>(Harshly, his
pupils waxing.)</em> To hell with the pope! Nothing new under the sun. I am the
Virag who disclosed the Sex Secrets of Monks and Maidens. Why I left the church
of Rome. Read the Priest, the Woman and the Confessional. Penrose. Flipperty
Jippert. <em>(He wriggles.)</em> Woman, undoing with sweet pudor her belt of
rushrope, offers her allmoist yoni to man’s lingam. Short time after man
presents woman with pieces of jungle meat. Woman shows joy and covers herself
with featherskins. Man loves her yoni fiercely with big lingam, the stiff one.
<em>(He cries.) Coactus volui.</em> Then giddy woman will run about. Strong man
grapses woman’s wrist. Woman squeals, bites, spucks. Man, now fierce angry,
strikes woman’s fat yadgana. <em>(He chases his tail.)</em> Piffpaff! Popo!
<em>(He stops, sneezes.)</em> Pchp! <em>(He worries his butt.)</em> Prrrrrht!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: I hope you gave the good father a penance. Nine glorias for shooting a
bishop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Spouts walrus smoke through her nostrils.)</em> He couldn’t get a
connection. Only, you know, sensation. A dry rush.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Poor man!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Lightly.)</em> Only for what happened him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: How?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(A diabolic rictus of black luminosity contracting his visage, cranes
his scraggy neck forward. He lifts a mooncalf nozzle and howls.) Verfluchte
Goim!</em> He had a father, forty fathers. He never existed. Pig God! He had two
left feet. He was Judas Iacchia, a Libyan eunuch, the pope’s bastard. <em>(He
leans out on tortured forepaws, elbows bent rigid, his eye agonising in his
flat skullneck and yelps over the mute world.)</em> A son of a whore.
Apocalypse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: And Mary Shortall that was in the lock with the pox she got from Jimmy
Pidgeon in the blue caps had a child off him that couldn’t swallow and was
smothered with the convulsions in the mattress and we all subscribed for the
funeral.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHILIP DRUNK: <em>(Gravely.) Qui vous a mis dans cette fichue position,
Philippe?</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHILIP SOBER: <em>(Gaily.) C’était le sacré pigeon, Philippe.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Kitty unpins her hat and sets it down calmly, patting her henna hair. And a
prettier, a daintier head of winsome curls was never seen on a whore’s
shoulders. Lynch puts on her hat. She whips it off.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Laughs.)</em> And to such delights has Metchnikoff inoculated
anthropoid apes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Nods.)</em> Locomotor ataxy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Gaily.)</em> O, my dictionary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: Three wise virgins.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Agueshaken, profuse yellow spawn foaming over his bony epileptic
lips.)</em> She sold lovephiltres, whitewax, orangeflower. Panther, the Roman
centurion, polluted her with his genitories. <em>(He sticks out a flickering
phosphorescent scorpion tongue, his hand on his fork.)</em> Messiah! He burst
her tympanum. <em>(With gibbering baboon’s cries he jerks his hips in the
cynical spasm.)</em> Hik! Hek! Hak! Hok! Huk! Kok! Kuk!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Ben Jumbo Dollard, rubicund, musclebound, hairynostrilled, hugebearded,
cabbageeared, shaggychested, shockmaned, fatpapped, stands forth, his loins and
genitals tightened into a pair of black bathing bagslops.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEN DOLLARD: <em>(Nakkering castanet bones in his huge padded paws, yodels
jovially in base barreltone.)</em> When love absorbs my ardent soul.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The virgins Nurse Callan and Nurse Quigley burst through the ringkeepers
and the ropes and mob him with open arms.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-19.htm.html"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-19.htm.html_pgepubid00081" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VIRGINS: <em>(Gushingly.)</em> Big Ben! Ben my Chree!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A VOICE: Hold that fellow with the bad breeches.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BEN DOLLARD: <em>(Smites his thigh in abundant laughter.)</em> Hold him now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HENRY: <em>(Caressing on his breast a severed female head, murmurs.)</em> Thine
heart, mine love. <em>(He plucks his lutestrings.)</em> When first I saw...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Sloughing his skins, his multitudinous plumage moulting.)</em> Rats!
<em>(He yawns, showing a coalblack throat, and closes his jaws by an upward push
of his parchmentroll.)</em> After having said which I took my departure.
Farewell. Fare thee well. <em>Dreck!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Henry Flower combs his moustache and beard rapidly with a pocketcomb and
gives a cow’s lick to his hair. Steered by his rapier, he glides to the door,
his wild harp slung behind him. Virag reaches the door in two ungainly
stilthops, his tail cocked, and deftly claps sideways on the wall a pusyellow
flybill, butting it with his head.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FLYBILL: K. 11. Post No Bills. Strictly confidential. Dr Hy Franks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HENRY: All is lost now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Virag unscrews his head in a trice and holds it under his arm.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VIRAG’S HEAD: Quack!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Exeunt severally.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Over his shoulder to Zoe.)</em> You would have preferred the
fighting parson who founded the protestant error. But beware Antisthenes, the
dog sage, and the last end of Arius Heresiarchus. The agony in the closet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: All one and the same God to her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Devoutly.)</em> And sovereign Lord of all things.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(To Stephen.)</em> I’m sure you’re a spoiled priest. Or a monk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: He is. A cardinal’s son.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Cardinal sin. Monks of the screw.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(His Eminence Simon Stephen Cardinal Dedalus, Primate of all Ireland,
appears in the doorway, dressed in red soutane, sandals and socks. Seven dwarf
simian acolytes, also in red, cardinal sins, uphold his train, peeping under
it. He wears a battered silk hat sideways on his head. His thumbs are stuck in
his armpits and his palms outspread. Round his neck hangs a rosary of corks
ending on his breast in a corkscrew cross. Releasing his thumbs, he invokes
grace from on high with large wave gestures and proclaims with bloated
pomp:)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CARDINAL:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Conservio lies captured<br/>He lies in the lowest dungeon<br/>With manacles and chains around his limbs<br/>Weighing upwards of three tons.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He looks at all for a moment, his right eye closed tight, his left cheek
puffed out. Then, unable to repress his merriment, he rocks to and fro, arms
akimbo, and sings with broad rollicking humour:)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, the poor little fellow<br/>Hihihihihis legs they were yellow<br/>He was plump, fat and heavy and brisk as a snake<br/>But some bloody savage<br/>To graize his white cabbage<br/>He murdered Nell Flaherty’s duckloving
drake.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A multitude of midges swarms white over his robe. He scratches himself with
crossed arms at his ribs, grimacing, and exclaims:)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I’m suffering the agony of the damned. By the hoky fiddle, thanks be to Jesus
those funny little chaps are not unanimous. If they were they’d walk me off the
face of the bloody globe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(His head aslant he blesses curtly with fore and middle fingers, imparts the
Easter kiss and doubleshuffles off comically, swaying his hat from side to
side, shrinking quickly to the size of his trainbearers. The dwarf acolytes,
giggling, peeping, nudging, ogling, Easterkissing, zigzag behind him. His voice
is heard mellow from afar, merciful male, melodious:)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Shall carry my heart to thee,<br/>Shall carry my heart to thee,<br/>And the breath of the balmy night<br/>Shall carry my heart to thee!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The trick doorhandle turns.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE DOORHANDLE: Theeee!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: The devil is in that door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A male form passes down the creaking staircase and is heard taking the
waterproof and hat from the rack. Bloom starts forward involuntarily and, half
closing the door as he passes, takes the chocolate from his pocket and offers
it nervously to Zoe.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Sniffs his hair briskly.)</em> Hmmm! Thank your mother for the rabbits.
I’m very fond of what I like.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hearing a male voice in talk with the whores on the doorstep, pricks
his ears.)</em> If it were he? After? Or because not? Or the double event?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Tears open the silverfoil.)</em> Fingers was made before forks. <em>(She
breaks off and nibbles a piece, gives a piece to Kitty Ricketts and then turns
kittenishly to Lynch.)</em> No objection to French lozenges? <em>(He nods. She
taunts him.)</em> Have it now or wait till you get it? <em>(He opens his mouth,
his head cocked. She whirls the prize in left circle. His head follows. She
whirls it back in right circle. He eyes her.)</em> Catch!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She tosses a piece. With an adroit snap he catches it and bites it through
with a crack.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: <em>(Chewing.)</em> The engineer I was with at the bazaar does have lovely
ones. Full of the best liqueurs. And the viceroy was there with his lady. The
gas we had on the Toft’s hobbyhorses. I’m giddy still.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In Svengali’s fur overcoat, with folded arms and Napoleonic
forelock, frowns in ventriloquial exorcism with piercing eagle glance towards
the door. Then rigid with left foot advanced he makes a swift pass with
impelling fingers and gives the sign of past master, drawing his right arm
downwards from his left shoulder.)</em> Go, go, go, I conjure you, whoever you
are!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A male cough and tread are heard passing through the mist outside. Bloom’s
features relax. He places a hand in his waistcoat, posing calmly. Zoe offers
him chocolate.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Solemnly.)</em> Thanks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Do as you’re bid. Here!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A firm heelclacking tread is heard on the stairs.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Takes the chocolate.)</em> Aphrodisiac? Tansy and pennyroyal. But I
bought it. Vanilla calms or? Mnemo. Confused light confuses memory. Red
influences lupus. Colours affect women’s characters, any they have. This black
makes me sad. Eat and be merry for tomorrow. <em>(He eats.)</em> Influence taste
too, mauve. But it is so long since I. Seems new. Aphro. That priest. Must
come. Better late than never. Try truffles at Andrews.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The door opens. Bella Cohen, a massive whoremistress, enters. She is
dressed in a threequarter ivory gown, fringed round the hem with tasselled
selvedge, and cools herself flirting a black horn fan like Minnie Hauck in</em>
Carmen. <em>On her left hand are wedding and keeper rings. Her eyes are deeply
carboned. She has a sprouting moustache. Her olive face is heavy, slightly
sweated and fullnosed with orangetainted nostrils. She has large pendant beryl
eardrops.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: My word! I’m all of a mucksweat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She glances round her at the couples. Then her eyes rest on Bloom with hard
insistence. Her large fan winnows wind towards her heated faceneck and
embonpoint. Her falcon eyes glitter.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Flirting quickly, then slowly.)</em> Married, I see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Yes. Partly, I have mislaid...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Half opening, then closing.)</em> And the missus is master.
Petticoat government.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Looks down with a sheepish grin.)</em> That is so.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Folding together, rests against her left eardrop.)</em> Have you
forgotten me?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Nes. Yo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Folded akimbo against her waist.)</em> Is me her was you dreamed
before? Was then she him you us since knew? Am all them and the same now we?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bella approaches, gently tapping with the fan.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Wincing.)</em> Powerful being. In my eyes read that slumber which
women love.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Tapping.)</em> We have met. You are mine. It is fate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Cowed.)</em> Exuberant female. Enormously I desiderate your
domination. I am exhausted, abandoned, no more young. I stand, so to speak,
with an unposted letter bearing the extra regulation fee before the too late
box of the general postoffice of human life. The door and window open at a
right angle cause a draught of thirtytwo feet per second according to the law
of falling bodies. I have felt this instant a twinge of sciatica in my left
glutear muscle. It runs in our family. Poor dear papa, a widower, was a regular
barometer from it. He believed in animal heat. A skin of tabby lined his winter
waistcoat. Near the end, remembering king David and the Sunamite, he shared his
bed with Athos, faithful after death. A dog’s spittle as you probably... <em>(He
winces.)</em> Ah!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RICHIE GOULDING: <em>(Bagweighted, passes the door.)</em> Mocking is catch. Best
value in Dub. Fit for a prince’s. Liver and kidney.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Tapping.)</em> All things end. Be mine. Now.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Undecided.)</em> All now? I should not have parted with my talisman.
Rain, exposure at dewfall on the searocks, a peccadillo at my time of life.
Every phenomenon has a natural cause.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Points downwards slowly.)</em> You may.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Looks downwards and perceives her unfastened bootlace.)</em> We are
observed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Points downwards quickly.)</em> You must.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With desire, with reluctance.)</em> I can make a true black knot.
Learned when I served my time and worked the mail order line for Kellett’s.
Experienced hand. Every knot says a lot. Let me. In courtesy. I knelt once
before today. Ah!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bella raises her gown slightly and, steadying her pose, lifts to the edge
of a chair a plump buskined hoof and a full pastern, silksocked. Bloom,
stifflegged, aging, bends over her hoof and with gentle fingers draws out and
in her laces.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Murmurs lovingly.)</em> To be a shoefitter in Manfield’s was my
love’s young dream, the darling joys of sweet buttonhooking, to lace up
crisscrossed to kneelength the dressy kid footwear satinlined, so incredibly
impossibly small, of Clyde Road ladies. Even their wax model Raymonde I visited
daily to admire her cobweb hose and stick of rhubarb toe, as worn in Paris.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HOOF: Smell my hot goathide. Feel my royal weight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Crosslacing.)</em> Too tight?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HOOF: If you bungle, Handy Andy, I’ll kick your football for you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Not to lace the wrong eyelet as I did the night of the bazaar dance. Bad
luck. Hook in wrong tache of her... person you mentioned. That night she met...
Now!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He knots the lace. Bella places her foot on the floor. Bloom raises his
head. Her heavy face, her eyes strike him in midbrow. His eyes grow dull,
darker and pouched, his nose thickens.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Mumbles.)</em> Awaiting your further orders we remain, gentlemen,...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(With a hard basilisk stare, in a baritone voice.)</em> Hound of
dishonour!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Infatuated.)</em> Empress!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(His heavy cheekchops sagging.)</em> Adorer of the adulterous rump!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Plaintively.)</em> Hugeness!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: Dungdevourer!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With sinews semiflexed.)</em> Magmagnificence!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: Down! <em>(He taps her on the shoulder with his fan.)</em> Incline feet
forward! Slide left foot one pace back! You will fall. You are falling. On the
hands down!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Her eyes upturned in the sign of admiration, closing, yaps.)</em>
Truffles!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(With a piercing epileptic cry she sinks on all fours, grunting, snuffling,
rooting at his feet: then lies, shamming dead, with eyes shut tight, trembling
eyelids, bowed upon the ground in the attitude of most excellent master.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(With bobbed hair, purple gills, fat moustache rings round his shaven
mouth, in mountaineer’s puttees, green silverbuttoned coat, sport skirt and
alpine hat with moorcock’s feather, his hands stuck deep in his breeches
pockets, places his heel on her neck and grinds it in.)</em> Footstool! Feel my
entire weight. Bow, bondslave, before the throne of your despot’s glorious
heels so glistening in their proud erectness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Enthralled, bleats.)</em> I promise never to disobey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Laughs loudly.)</em> Holy smoke! You little know what’s in store for
you. I’m the Tartar to settle your little lot and break you in! I’ll bet
Kentucky cocktails all round I shame it out of you, old son. Cheek me, I dare
you. If you do tremble in anticipation of heel discipline to be inflicted in
gym costume.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom creeps under the sofa and peers out through the fringe.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Widening her slip to screen her.)</em> She’s not here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Closing her eyes.)</em> She’s not here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Hiding her with her gown.)</em> She didn’t mean it, Mr Bello. She’ll
be good, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: Don’t be too hard on her, Mr Bello. Sure you won’t, ma’amsir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Coaxingly.)</em> Come, ducky dear, I want a word with you, darling,
just to administer correction. Just a little heart to heart talk, sweety.
<em>(Bloom puts out her timid head.)</em> There’s a good girly now. <em>(Bello
grabs her hair violently and drags her forward.)</em> I only want to correct you
for your own good on a soft safe spot. How’s that tender behind? O, ever so
gently, pet. Begin to get ready.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Fainting.)</em> Don’t tear my...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Savagely.)</em> The nosering, the pliers, the bastinado, the hanging
hook, the knout I’ll make you kiss while the flutes play like the Nubian slave
of old. You’re in for it this time! I’ll make you remember me for the balance
of your natural life. <em>(His forehead veins swollen, his face congested.)</em>
I shall sit on your ottoman saddleback every morning after my thumping good
breakfast of Matterson’s fat hamrashers and a bottle of Guinness’s porter.
<em>(He belches.)</em> And suck my thumping good Stock Exchange cigar while I
read the <em>Licensed Victualler’s Gazette</em>. Very possibly I shall have you
slaughtered and skewered in my stables and enjoy a slice of you with crisp
crackling from the baking tin basted and baked like sucking pig with rice and
lemon or currant sauce. It will hurt you. <em>(He twists her arm. Bloom squeals,
turning turtle.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Don’t be cruel, nurse! Don’t!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Twisting.)</em> Another!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Screams.)</em> O, it’s hell itself! Every nerve in my body aches like
mad!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Shouts.)</em> Good, by the rumping jumping general! That’s the best
bit of news I heard these six weeks. Here, don’t keep me waiting, damn you!
<em>(He slaps her face.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Whimpers.)</em> You’re after hitting me. I’ll tell...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: Hold him down, girls, till I squat on him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Yes. Walk on him! I will.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: I will. Don’t be greedy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: No, me. Lend him to me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The brothel cook, Mrs Keogh, wrinkled, greybearded, in a greasy bib, men’s
grey and green socks and brogues, floursmeared, a rollingpin stuck with raw
pastry in her bare red arm and hand, appears at the door.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS KEOGH: <em>(Ferociously.)</em> Can I help? <em>(They hold and pinion
Bloom.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Squats with a grunt on Bloom’s upturned face, puffing cigarsmoke,
nursing a fat leg.)</em> I see Keating Clay is elected vicechairman of the
Richmond asylum and by the by Guinness’s preference shares are at sixteen three
quarters. Curse me for a fool that didn’t buy that lot Craig and Gardner told
me about. Just my infernal luck, curse it. And that Goddamned outsider
<em>Throwaway</em> at twenty to one. <em>(He quenches his cigar angrily on Bloom’s
ear.)</em> Where’s that Goddamned cursed ashtray?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Goaded, buttocksmothered.)</em> O! O! Monsters! Cruel one!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: Ask for that every ten minutes. Beg. Pray for it as you never prayed
before. <em>(He thrusts out a figged fist and foul cigar.)</em> Here, kiss that.
Both. Kiss. <em>(He throws a leg astride and, pressing with horseman’s knees,
calls in a hard voice.)</em> Gee up! A cockhorse to Banbury cross. I’ll ride him
for the Eclipse stakes. <em>(He bends sideways and squeezes his mount’s
testicles roughly, shouting.)</em> Ho! Off we pop! I’ll nurse you in proper
fashion. <em>(He horserides cockhorse, leaping in the, in the saddle.)</em> The
lady goes a pace a pace and the coachman goes a trot a trot and the gentleman
goes a gallop a gallop a gallop a gallop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Pulls at Bello.)</em> Let me on him now. You had enough. I asked
before you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Pulling at Florry.)</em> Me. Me. Are you not finished with him yet,
suckeress?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Stifling.)</em> Can’t.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: Well, I’m not. Wait. <em>(He holds in his breath.)</em> Curse it. Here.
This bung’s about burst. <em>(He uncorks himself behind: then, contorting his
features, farts loudly.)</em> Take that! <em>(He recorks himself.)</em> Yes, by
Jingo, sixteen three quarters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(A sweat breaking out over him.)</em> Not man. <em>(He sniffs.)</em>
Woman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Stands up.)</em> No more blow hot and cold. What you longed for has
come to pass. Henceforth you are unmanned and mine in earnest, a thing under
the yoke. Now for your punishment frock. You will shed your male garments, you
understand, Ruby Cohen? and don the shot silk luxuriously rustling over head
and shoulders. And quickly too!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shrinks.)</em> Silk, mistress said! O crinkly! scrapy! Must I
tiptouch it with my nails?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Points to his whores.)</em> As they are now so will you be, wigged,
singed, perfumesprayed, ricepowdered, with smoothshaven armpits. Tape
measurements will be taken next your skin. You will be laced with cruel force
into vicelike corsets of soft dove coutille with whalebone busk to the
diamondtrimmed pelvis, the absolute outside edge, while your figure, plumper
than when at large, will be restrained in nettight frocks, pretty two ounce
petticoats and fringes and things stamped, of course, with my houseflag,
creations of lovely lingerie for Alice and nice scent for Alice. Alice will
feel the pullpull. Martha and Mary will be a little chilly at first in such
delicate thighcasing but the frilly flimsiness of lace round your bare knees
will remind you...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(A charming soubrette with dauby cheeks, mustard hair and large male
hands and nose, leering mouth.)</em> I tried her things on only twice, a small
prank, in Holles street. When we were hard up I washed them to save the laundry
bill. My own shirts I turned. It was the purest thrift.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Jeers.)</em> Little jobs that make mother pleased, eh? And showed off
coquettishly in your domino at the mirror behind closedrawn blinds your
unskirted thighs and hegoat’s udders in various poses of surrender, eh? Ho! ho!
I have to laugh! That secondhand black operatop shift and short trunkleg
naughties all split up the stitches at her last rape that Mrs Miriam Dandrade
sold you from the Shelbourne hotel, eh?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Miriam. Black. Demimondaine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Guffaws.)</em> Christ Almighty it’s too tickling, this! You were a
nicelooking Miriam when you clipped off your backgate hairs and lay swooning in
the thing across the bed as Mrs Dandrade about to be violated by lieutenant
Smythe-Smythe, Mr Philip Augustus Blockwell M. P., signor Laci Daremo, the
robust tenor, blueeyed Bert, the liftboy, Henri Fleury of Gordon Bennett fame,
Sheridan, the quadroon Croesus, the varsity wetbob eight from old Trinity,
Ponto, her splendid Newfoundland and Bobs, dowager duchess of Manorhamilton.
<em>(He guffaws again.)</em> Christ, wouldn’t it make a Siamese cat laugh?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Her hands and features working.)</em> It was Gerald converted me to
be a true corsetlover when I was female impersonator in the High School play
<em>Vice Versa</em>. It was dear Gerald. He got that kink, fascinated by sister’s
stays. Now dearest Gerald uses pinky greasepaint and gilds his eyelids. Cult of
the beautiful.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(With wicked glee.)</em> Beautiful! Give us a breather! When you took
your seat with womanish care, lifting your billowy flounces, on the smoothworn
throne.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Science. To compare the various joys we each enjoy. <em>(Earnestly.)</em>
And really it’s better the position... because often I used to wet...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Sternly.)</em> No insubordination! The sawdust is there in the corner
for you. I gave you strict instructions, didn’t I? Do it standing, sir! I’ll
teach you to behave like a jinkleman! If I catch a trace on your swaddles. Aha!
By the ass of the Dorans you’ll find I’m a martinet. The sins of your past are
rising against you. Many. Hundreds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE SINS OF THE PAST: <em>(In a medley of voices.)</em> He went through a form of
clandestine marriage with at least one woman in the shadow of the Black church.
Unspeakable messages he telephoned mentally to Miss Dunn at an address in
D’Olier street while he presented himself indecently to the instrument in the
callbox. By word and deed he frankly encouraged a nocturnal strumpet to deposit
fecal and other matter in an unsanitary outhouse attached to empty premises. In
five public conveniences he wrote pencilled messages offering his nuptial
partner to all strongmembered males. And by the offensively smelling vitriol
works did he not pass night after night by loving courting couples to see if
and what and how much he could see? Did he not lie in bed, the gross boar,
gloating over a nauseous fragment of wellused toilet paper presented to him by
a nasty harlot, stimulated by gingerbread and a postal order?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Whistles loudly.)</em> Say! What was the most revolting piece of
obscenity in all your career of crime? Go the whole hog. Puke it out! Be candid
for once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Mute inhuman faces throng forward, leering, vanishing, gibbering,
Booloohoom. Poldy Kock, Bootlaces a penny, Cassidy’s hag, blind stripling,
Larry Rhinoceros, the girl, the woman, the whore, the other, the...)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Don’t ask me! Our mutual faith. Pleasants street. I only thought the
half of the... I swear on my sacred oath...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Peremptorily.)</em> Answer. Repugnant wretch! I insist on knowing.
Tell me something to amuse me, smut or a bloody good ghoststory or a line of
poetry, quick, quick, quick! Where? How? What time? With how many? I give you
just three seconds. One! Two! Thr...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Docile, gurgles.)</em> I rererepugnosed in rerererepugnant...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Imperiously.)</em> O, get out, you skunk! Hold your tongue! Speak
when you’re spoken to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bows.)</em> Master! Mistress! Mantamer!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He lifts his arms. His bangle bracelets fall.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Satirically.)</em> By day you will souse and bat our smelling
underclothes also when we ladies are unwell, and swab out our latrines with
dress pinned up and a dishclout tied to your tail. Won’t that be nice? <em>(He
places a ruby ring on her finger.)</em> And there now! With this ring I thee
own. Say, thank you, mistress.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Thank you, mistress.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: You will make the beds, get my tub ready, empty the pisspots in the
different rooms, including old Mrs Keogh’s the cook’s, a sandy one. Ay, and
rinse the seven of them well, mind, or lap it up like champagne. Drink me
piping hot. Hop! You will dance attendance or I’ll lecture you on your
misdeeds, Miss Ruby, and spank your bare bot right well, miss, with the
hairbrush. You’ll be taught the error of your ways. At night your wellcreamed
braceletted hands will wear fortythreebutton gloves newpowdered with talc and
having delicately scented fingertips. For such favours knights of old laid down
their lives. <em>(He chuckles.)</em> My boys will be no end charmed to see you so
ladylike, the colonel, above all, when they come here the night before the
wedding to fondle my new attraction in gilded heels. First I’ll have a go at
you myself. A man I know on the turf named Charles Alberta Marsh (I was in bed
with him just now and another gentleman out of the Hanaper and Petty Bag
office) is on the lookout for a maid of all work at a short knock. Swell the
bust. Smile. Droop shoulders. What offers? <em>(He points.)</em> For that lot.
Trained by owner to fetch and carry, basket in mouth. <em>(He bares his arm and
plunges it elbowdeep in Bloom’s vulva.)</em> There’s fine depth for you! What,
boys? That give you a hardon? <em>(He shoves his arm in a bidder’s face.)</em>
Here wet the deck and wipe it round!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A BIDDER: A florin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Dillon’s lacquey rings his handbell.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE LACQUEY: Barang!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A VOICE: One and eightpence too much.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CHARLES ALBERTA MARSH: Must be virgin. Good breath. Clean.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Gives a rap with his gavel.)</em> Two bar. Rockbottom figure and
cheap at the price. Fourteen hands high. Touch and examine shis points. Handle
hrim. This downy skin, these soft muscles, this tender flesh. If I had only my
gold piercer here! And quite easy to milk. Three newlaid gallons a day. A pure
stockgetter, due to lay within the hour. His sire’s milk record was a thousand
gallons of whole milk in forty weeks. Whoa, my jewel! Beg up! Whoa! <em>(He
brands his initial C on Bloom’s croup.)</em> So! Warranted Cohen! What advance
on two bob, gentlemen?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A DARKVISAGED MAN: <em>(In disguised accent.)</em> Hoondert punt sterlink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VOICES: <em>(Subdued.)</em> For the Caliph. Haroun Al Raschid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Gaily.)</em> Right. Let them all come. The scanty, daringly short
skirt, riding up at the knee to show a peep of white pantalette, is a potent
weapon and transparent stockings, emeraldgartered, with the long straight seam
trailing up beyond the knee, appeal to the better instincts of the <em>blasé</em>
man about town. Learn the smooth mincing walk on four inch Louis Quinze heels,
the Grecian bend with provoking croup, the thighs fluescent, knees modestly
kissing. Bring all your powers of fascination to bear on them. Pander to their
Gomorrahan vices.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bends his blushing face into his armpit and simpers with forefinger
in mouth.)</em> O, I know what you’re hinting at now!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: What else are you good for, an impotent thing like you? <em>(He stoops
and, peering, pokes with his fan rudely under the fat suet folds of Bloom’s
haunches.)</em> Up! Up! Manx cat! What have we here? Where’s your curly teapot
gone to or who docked it on you, cockyolly? Sing, birdy, sing. It’s as limp as
a boy of six’s doing his pooly behind a cart. Buy a bucket or sell your pump.
<em>(Loudly.)</em> Can you do a man’s job?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Eccles street...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Sarcastically.)</em> I wouldn’t hurt your feelings for the world but
there’s a man of brawn in possession there. The tables are turned, my gay young
fellow! He is something like a fullgrown outdoor man. Well for you, you muff,
if you had that weapon with knobs and lumps and warts all over it. He shot his
bolt, I can tell you! Foot to foot, knee to knee, belly to belly, bubs to
breast! He’s no eunuch. A shock of red hair he has sticking out of him behind
like a furzebush! Wait for nine months, my lad! Holy ginger, it’s kicking and
coughing up and down in her guts already! That makes you wild, don’t it?
Touches the spot? <em>(He spits in contempt.)</em> Spittoon!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I was indecently treated, I... Inform the police. Hundred pounds.
Unmentionable. I...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: Would if you could, lame duck. A downpour we want not your drizzle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: To drive me mad! Moll! I forgot! Forgive! Moll... We... Still...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Ruthlessly.)</em> No, Leopold Bloom, all is changed by woman’s will
since you slept horizontal in Sleepy Hollow your night of twenty years. Return
and see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Old Sleepy Hollow calls over the wold.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SLEEPY HOLLOW: Rip van Wink! Rip van Winkle!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In tattered mocassins with a rusty fowlingpiece, tiptoeing,
fingertipping, his haggard bony bearded face peering through the diamond panes,
cries out.)</em> I see her! It’s she! The first night at Mat Dillon’s! But that
dress, the green! And her hair is dyed gold and he...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Laughs mockingly.)</em> That’s your daughter, you owl, with a
Mullingar student.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Milly Bloom, fairhaired, greenvested, slimsandalled, her blue scarf in the
seawind simply swirling, breaks from the arms of her lover and calls, her young
eyes wonderwide.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MILLY: My! It’s Papli! But, O Papli, how old you’ve grown!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: Changed, eh? Our whatnot, our writingtable where we never wrote, aunt
Hegarty’s armchair, our classic reprints of old masters. A man and his
menfriends are living there in clover. The <em>Cuckoos’ Rest!</em> Why not? How
many women had you, eh, following them up dark streets, flatfoot, exciting them
by your smothered grunts, what, you male prostitute? Blameless dames with
parcels of groceries. Turn about. Sauce for the goose, my gander O.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: They... I...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Cuttingly.)</em> Their heelmarks will stamp the Brusselette carpet
you bought at Wren’s auction. In their horseplay with Moll the romp to find the
buck flea in her breeches they will deface the little statue you carried home
in the rain for art for art’s sake. They will violate the secrets of your
bottom drawer. Pages will be torn from your handbook of astronomy to make them
pipespills. And they will spit in your ten shilling brass fender from Hampton
Leedom’s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Ten and six. The act of low scoundrels. Let me go. I will return. I will
prove...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A VOICE: Swear!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom clenches his fists and crawls forward, a bowieknife between his
teeth.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: As a paying guest or a kept man? Too late. You have made your secondbest
bed and others must lie in it. Your epitaph is written. You are down and out
and don’t you forget it, old bean.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Justice! All Ireland versus one! Has nobody...? <em>(He bites his
thumb.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: Die and be damned to you if you have any sense of decency or grace about
you. I can give you a rare old wine that’ll send you skipping to hell and back.
Sign a will and leave us any coin you have! If you have none see you damn well
get it, steal it, rob it! We’ll bury you in our shrubbery jakes where you’ll be
dead and dirty with old Cuck Cohen, my stepnephew I married, the bloody old
gouty procurator and sodomite with a crick in his neck, and my other ten or
eleven husbands, whatever the buggers’ names were, suffocated in the one
cesspool. <em>(He explodes in a loud phlegmy laugh.)</em> We’ll manure you, Mr
Flower! <em>(He pipes scoffingly.)</em> Byby, Poldy! Byby, Papli!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Clasps his head.)</em> My willpower! Memory! I have sinned! I have
suff...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He weeps tearlessly.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLO: <em>(Sneers.)</em> Crybabby! Crocodile tears!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom, broken, closely veiled for the sacrifice, sobs, his face to the
earth. The passing bell is heard. Darkshawled figures of the circumcised, in
sackcloth and ashes, stand by the wailing wall. M. Shulomowitz, Joseph
Goldwater, Moses Herzog, Harris Rosenberg, M. Moisel, J. Citron, Minnie
Watchman, P. Mastiansky, The Reverend Leopold Abramovitz, Chazen. With swaying
arms they wail in pneuma over the recreant Bloom.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CIRCUMCISED: <em>(In dark guttural chant as they cast dead sea fruit upon
him, no flowers.) Shema Israel Adonai Elohenu Adonai Echad.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VOICES: <em>(Sighing.)</em> So he’s gone. Ah yes. Yes, indeed. Bloom? Never heard
of him. No? Queer kind of chap. There’s the widow. That so? Ah, yes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(From the suttee pyre the flame of gum camphire ascends. The pall of incense
smoke screens and disperses. Out of her oakframe a nymph with hair unbound,
lightly clad in teabrown artcolours, descends from her grotto and passing under
interlacing yews stands over Bloom.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Their leaves whispering.)</em> Sister. Our sister. Ssh!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Softly.)</em> Mortal! <em>(Kindly.)</em> Nay, dost not weepest!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Crawls jellily forward under the boughs, streaked by sunlight, with
dignity.)</em> This position. I felt it was expected of me. Force of habit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: Mortal! You found me in evil company, highkickers, coster
picnicmakers, pugilists, popular generals, immoral panto boys in fleshtights
and the nifty shimmy dancers, La Aurora and Karini, musical act, the hit of the
century. I was hidden in cheap pink paper that smelt of rock oil. I was
surrounded by the stale smut of clubmen, stories to disturb callow youth, ads
for transparencies, truedup dice and bustpads, proprietary articles and why
wear a truss with testimonial from ruptured gentleman. Useful hints to the
married.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Lifts a turtle head towards her lap.)</em> We have met before. On
another star.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Sadly.)</em> Rubber goods. Neverrip brand as supplied to the
aristocracy. Corsets for men. I cure fits or money refunded. Unsolicited
testimonials for Professor Waldmann’s wonderful chest exuber. My bust developed
four inches in three weeks, reports Mrs Gus Rublin with photo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: You mean <em>Photo Bits?</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: I do. You bore me away, framed me in oak and tinsel, set me above
your marriage couch. Unseen, one summer eve, you kissed me in four places. And
with loving pencil you shaded my eyes, my bosom and my shame.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Humbly kisses her long hair.)</em> Your classic curves, beautiful
immortal, I was glad to look on you, to praise you, a thing of beauty, almost
to pray.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: During dark nights I heard your praise.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quickly.)</em> Yes, yes. You mean that I... Sleep reveals the worst
side of everyone, children perhaps excepted. I know I fell out of bed or rather
was pushed. Steel wine is said to cure snoring. For the rest there is that
English invention, pamphlet of which I received some days ago, incorrectly
addressed. It claims to afford a noiseless, inoffensive vent. <em>(He
sighs.)</em> ’Twas ever thus. Frailty, thy name is marriage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Her fingers in her ears.)</em> And words. They are not in my
dictionary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: You understood them?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE YEWS: Ssh!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Covers her face with her hands.)</em> What have I not seen in
that chamber? What must my eyes look down on?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Apologetically.)</em> I know. Soiled personal linen, wrong side up
with care. The quoits are loose. From Gibraltar by long sea long ago.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Bends her head.)</em> Worse, worse!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Reflects precautiously.)</em> That antiquated commode. It wasn’t her
weight. She scaled just eleven stone nine. She put on nine pounds after
weaning. It was a crack and want of glue. Eh? And that absurd orangekeyed
utensil which has only one handle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The sound of a waterfall is heard in bright cascade.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WATERFALL:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Poulaphouca Poulaphouca<br/>Poulaphouca Poulaphouca.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Mingling their boughs.)</em> Listen. Whisper. She is right, our
sister. We grew by Poulaphouca waterfall. We gave shade on languorous summer
days.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JOHN WYSE NOLAN: <em>(In the background, in Irish National Forester’s uniform,
doffs his plumed hat.)</em> Prosper! Give shade on languorous days, trees of
Ireland!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Murmuring.)</em> Who came to Poulaphouca with the High School
excursion? Who left his nutquesting classmates to seek our shade?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Scared.)</em> High School of Poula? Mnemo? Not in full possession of
faculties. Concussion. Run over by tram.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE ECHO: Sham!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Pigeonbreasted, bottleshouldered, padded, in nondescript juvenile
grey and black striped suit, too small for him, white tennis shoes, bordered
stockings with turnover tops and a red schoolcap with badge.)</em> I was in my
teens, a growing boy. A little then sufficed, a jolting car, the mingling
odours of the ladies’ cloakroom and lavatory, the throng penned tight on the
old Royal stairs (for they love crushes, instinct of the herd, and the dark
sexsmelling theatre unbridles vice), even a pricelist of their hosiery. And
then the heat. There were sunspots that summer. End of school. And tipsycake.
Halcyon days.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Halcyon days, high school boys in blue and white football jerseys and
shorts, Master Donald Turnbull, Master Abraham Chatterton, Master Owen
Goldberg, Master Jack Meredith, Master Percy Apjohn, stand in a clearing of the
trees and shout to Master Leopold Bloom.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HALCYON DAYS: Mackerel! Live us again. Hurray! <em>(They cheer.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hobbledehoy, warmgloved, mammamufflered, starred with spent
snowballs, struggles to rise.)</em> Again! I feel sixteen! What a lark! Let’s
ring all the bells in Montague street. <em>(He cheers feebly.)</em> Hurray for
the High School!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE ECHO: Fool!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Rustling.)</em> She is right, our sister. Whisper. <em>(Whispered
kisses are heard in all the wood. Faces of hamadryads peep out from the boles
and among the leaves and break, blossoming into bloom.)</em> Who profaned our
silent shade?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Coyly, through parting fingers.)</em> There? In the open air?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Sweeping downward.)</em> Sister, yes. And on our virgin sward.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WATERFALL:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Poulaphouca Poulaphouca<br/>Phoucaphouca Phoucaphouca.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(With wide fingers.)</em> O, infamy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I was precocious. Youth. The fauna. I sacrificed to the god of the
forest. The flowers that bloom in the spring. It was pairing time. Capillary
attraction is a natural phenomenon. Lotty Clarke, flaxenhaired, I saw at her
night toilette through illclosed curtains with poor papa’s operaglasses: The
wanton ate grass wildly. She rolled downhill at Rialto bridge to tempt me with
her flow of animal spirits. She climbed their crooked tree and I... A saint
couldn’t resist it. The demon possessed me. Besides, who saw?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Staggering Bob, a whitepolled calf, thrusts a ruminating head with humid
nostrils through the foliage.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STAGGERING BOB: (<em>Large teardrops rolling from his prominent eyes,
snivels.</em>) Me. Me see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Simply satisfying a need I... <em>(With pathos.)</em> No girl would when I
went girling. Too ugly. They wouldn’t play...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(High on Ben Howth through rhododendrons a nannygoat passes, plumpuddered,
buttytailed, dropping currants.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NANNYGOAT: <em>(Bleats.)</em> Megeggaggegg! Nannannanny!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hatless, flushed, covered with burrs of thistledown and
gorsespine.)</em> Regularly engaged. Circumstances alter cases. <em>(He gazes
intently downwards on the water.)</em> Thirtytwo head over heels per second.
Press nightmare. Giddy Elijah. Fall from cliff. Sad end of government printer’s
clerk. <em>(Through silversilent summer air the dummy of Bloom, rolled in a
mummy, rolls roteatingly from the Lion’s Head cliff into the purple waiting
waters.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE DUMMYMUMMY: Bbbbblllllblblblblobschbg!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Far out in the bay between Bailey and Kish lights the</em> Erin’s King
<em>sails, sending a broadening plume of coalsmoke from her funnel towards the
land.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>COUNCILLOR NANNETTI: <em>(Alone on deck, in dark alpaca, yellowkitefaced, his
hand in his waistcoat opening, declaims.)</em> When my country takes her place
among the nations of the earth, then, and not till then, let my epitaph be
written. I have...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Done. Prff!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Loftily.)</em> We immortals, as you saw today, have not such a
place and no hair there either. We are stonecold and pure. We eat electric
light. <em>(She arches her body in lascivious crispation, placing her forefinger
in her mouth.)</em> Spoke to me. Heard from behind. How then could you...?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Pawing the heather abjectly.)</em> O, I have been a perfect pig.
Enemas too I have administered. One third of a pint of quassia to which add a
tablespoonful of rocksalt. Up the fundament. With Hamilton Long’s syringe, the
ladies’ friend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: In my presence. The powderpuff. <em>(She blushes and makes a
knee.)</em> And the rest!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Dejected.)</em> Yes. <em>Peccavi!</em> I have paid homage on that
living altar where the back changes name. <em>(With sudden fervour.)</em> For why
should the dainty scented jewelled hand, the hand that rules...?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Figures wind serpenting in slow woodland pattern around the treestems,
cooeeing.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VOICE OF KITTY: <em>(In the thicket.)</em> Show us one of them cushions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VOICE OF FLORRY: Here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A grouse wings clumsily through the underwood.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VOICE OF LYNCH: <em>(In the thicket.)</em> Whew! Piping hot!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VOICE OF ZOE: <em>(From the thicket.)</em> Came from a hot place.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VOICE OF VIRAG: <em>(A birdchief, bluestreaked and feathered in war panoply
with his assegai, striding through a crackling canebrake over beechmast and
acorns.)</em> Hot! Hot! Ware Sitting Bull!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: It overpowers me. The warm impress of her warm form. Even to sit where a
woman has sat, especially with divaricated thighs, as though to grant the last
favours, most especially with previously well uplifted white sateen coatpans.
So womanly, full. It fills me full.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WATERFALL:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Phillaphulla Poulaphouca<br/>Poulaphouca Poulaphouca.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE YEWS: Ssh! Sister, speak!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Eyeless, in nun’s white habit, coif and hugewinged wimple,
softly, with remote eyes.)</em> Tranquilla convent. Sister Agatha. Mount Carmel.
The apparitions of Knock and Lourdes. No more desire. <em>(She reclines her
head, sighing.)</em> Only the ethereal. Where dreamy creamy gull waves o’er the
waters dull.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bloom half rises. His back trouserbutton snaps.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BUTTON: Bip!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Two sluts of the Coombe dance rainily by, shawled, yelling flatly.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE SLUTS:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>O, Leopold lost the pin of his drawers<br/>He didn’t know what to do,<br/>To keep it up,<br/>To keep it up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Coldly.)</em> You have broken the spell. The last straw. If there
were only ethereal where would you all be, postulants and novices? Shy but
willing like an ass pissing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Their silverfoil of leaves precipitating, their skinny arms aging
and swaying.)</em> Deciduously!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Her features hardening, gropes in the folds of her habit.)</em>
Sacrilege! To attempt my virtue! <em>(A large moist stain appears on her
robe.)</em> Sully my innocence! You are not fit to touch the garment of a pure
woman. <em>(She clutches again in her robe.)</em> Wait. Satan, you’ll sing no
more lovesongs. Amen. Amen. Amen. Amen. <em>(She draws a poniard and, clad in
the sheathmail of an elected knight of nine, strikes at his loins.)</em> Nekum!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Starts up, seizes her hand.)</em> Hoy! Nebrakada! Cat o’ nine lives!
Fair play, madam. No pruningknife. The fox and the grapes, is it? What do you
lack with your barbed wire? Crucifix not thick enough? <em>(He clutches her
veil.)</em> A holy abbot you want or Brophy, the lame gardener, or the spoutless
statue of the watercarrier, or good mother Alphonsus, eh Reynard?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(With a cry flees from him unveiled, her plaster cast cracking, a
cloud of stench escaping from the cracks.)</em> Poli...!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Calls after her.)</em> As if you didn’t get it on the double
yourselves. No jerks and multiple mucosities all over you. I tried it. Your
strength our weakness. What’s our studfee? What will you pay on the nail? You
fee mendancers on the Riviera, I read. <em>(The fleeing nymph raises a
keen.)</em> Eh? I have sixteen years of black slave labour behind me. And would
a jury give me five shillings alimony tomorrow, eh? Fool someone else, not me.
<em>(He sniffs.)</em> Rut. Onions. Stale. Sulphur. Grease.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The figure of Bella Cohen stands before him.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: You’ll know me the next time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Composed, regards her.) Passée.</em> Mutton dressed as lamb. Long in
the tooth and superfluous hair. A raw onion the last thing at night would
benefit your complexion. And take some double chin drill. Your eyes are as
vapid as the glasseyes of your stuffed fox. They have the dimensions of your
other features, that’s all. I’m not a triple screw propeller.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Contemptuously.)</em> You’re not game, in fact. <em>(Her sowcunt
barks.)</em> Fbhracht!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Contemptuously.)</em> Clean your nailless middle finger first, your
bully’s cold spunk is dripping from your cockscomb. Take a handful of hay and
wipe yourself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: I know you, canvasser! Dead cod!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I saw him, kipkeeper! Pox and gleet vendor!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Turns to the piano.)</em> Which of you was playing the dead march
from <em>Saul?</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Me. Mind your cornflowers. <em>(She darts to the piano and bangs chords on
it with crossed arms.)</em> The cat’s ramble through the slag. <em>(She glances
back.)</em> Eh? Who’s making love to my sweeties? <em>(She darts back to the
table.)</em> What’s yours is mine and what’s mine is my own.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Kitty, disconcerted, coats her teeth with the silver paper. Bloom
approaches Zoe.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Gently.)</em> Give me back that potato, will you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Forfeits, a fine thing and a superfine thing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With feeling.)</em> It is nothing, but still, a relic of poor mamma.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Give a thing and take it back<br/>God’ll ask you where is that<br/>You’ll say you don’t know<br/>God’ll send you down below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: There is a memory attached to it. I should like to have it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: To have or not to have that is the question.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Here. <em>(She hauls up a reef of her slip, revealing her bare thigh, and
unrolls the potato from the top of her stocking.)</em> Those that hides knows
where to find.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Frowns.)</em> Here. This isn’t a musical peepshow. And don’t you
smash that piano. Who’s paying here?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She goes to the pianola. Stephen fumbles in his pocket and, taking out a
banknote by its corner, hands it to her.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(With exaggerated politeness.)</em> This silken purse I made out of
the sow’s ear of the public. Madam, excuse me. If you allow me. <em>(He
indicates vaguely Lynch and Bloom.)</em> We are all in the same sweepstake,
Kinch and Lynch. <em>Dans ce bordel où tenons nostre état</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Calls from the hearth.)</em> Dedalus! Give her your blessing for me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Hands Bella a coin.)</em> Gold. She has it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Looks at the money, then at Stephen, then at Zoe, Florry and
Kitty.)</em> Do you want three girls? It’s ten shillings here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Delightedly.)</em> A hundred thousand apologies. <em>(He fumbles
again and takes out and hands her two crowns.)</em> Permit, <em>brevi manu</em>,
my sight is somewhat troubled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bella goes to the table to count the money while Stephen talks to himself
in monosyllables. Zoe bends over the table. Kitty leans over Zoe’s neck. Lynch
gets up, rights his cap and, clasping Kitty’s waist, adds his head to the
group.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Strives heavily to rise.)</em> Ow! My foot’s asleep. <em>(She limps
over to the table. Bloom approaches.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA, ZOE, KITTY, LYNCH, BLOOM: <em>(Chattering and squabbling.)</em> The
gentleman... ten shillings... paying for the three... allow me a moment... this
gentleman pays separate... who’s touching it?... ow! ... mind who you’re
pinching... are you staying the night or a short time?... who did?... you’re a
liar, excuse me... the gentleman paid down like a gentleman... drink... it’s
long after eleven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(At the pianola, making a gesture of abhorrence.)</em> No bottles!
What, eleven? A riddle!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Lifting up her pettigown and folding a half sovereign into the top of
her stocking.)</em> Hard earned on the flat of my back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Lifting Kitty from the table.)</em> Come!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: Wait. <em>(She clutches the two crowns.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: And me?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: Hoopla!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He lifts her, carries her and bumps her down on the sofa.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fox crew, the cocks flew,<br/>The bells in heaven<br/>Were striking eleven.<br/>’Tis time for her poor soul<br/>To get out of heaven.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quietly lays a half sovereign on the table between Bella and
Florry.)</em> So. Allow me. <em>(He takes up the poundnote.)</em> Three times ten.
We’re square.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Admiringly.)</em> You’re such a slyboots, old cocky. I could kiss
you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Points.)</em> Him? Deep as a drawwell. <em>(Lynch bends Kitty back over
the sofa and kisses her. Bloom goes with the poundnote to Stephen.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: This is yours.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: How is that? <em>Le distrait</em> or absentminded beggar. <em>(He fumbles
again in his pocket and draws out a handful of coins. An object falls.)</em>
That fell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Stooping, picks up and hands a box of matches.)</em> This.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Lucifer. Thanks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quietly.)</em> You had better hand over that cash to me to take care
of. Why pay more?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Hands him all his coins.)</em> Be just before you are generous.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I will but is it wise? <em>(He counts.)</em> One, seven, eleven, and five.
Six. Eleven. I don’t answer for what you may have lost.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Why striking eleven? Proparoxyton. Moment before the next Lessing
says. Thirsty fox. <em>(He laughs loudly.)</em> Burying his grandmother. Probably
he killed her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: That is one pound six and eleven. One pound seven, say.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Doesn’t matter a rambling damn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: No, but...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Comes to the table.)</em> Cigarette, please. <em>(Lynch tosses a
cigarette from the sofa to the table.)</em> And so Georgina Johnson is dead and
married. <em>(A cigarette appears on the table. Stephen looks at it.)</em>
Wonder. Parlour magic. Married. Hm. <em>(He strikes a match and proceeds to
light the cigarette with enigmatic melancholy.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Watching him.)</em> You would have a better chance of lighting it if
you held the match nearer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Brings the match near his eye.)</em> Lynx eye. Must get glasses.
Broke them yesterday. Sixteen years ago. Distance. The eye sees all flat.
<em>(He draws the match away. It goes out.)</em> Brain thinks. Near: far.
Ineluctable modality of the visible. <em>(He frowns mysteriously.)</em> Hm.
Sphinx. The beast that has two backs at midnight. Married.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: It was a commercial traveller married her and took her away with him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Nods.)</em> Mr Lambe from London.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Lamb of London, who takest away the sins of our world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Embracing Kitty on the sofa, chants deeply.) Dona nobis pacem.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The cigarette slips from Stephen’s fingers. Bloom picks it up and throws it
in the grate.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Don’t smoke. You ought to eat. Cursed dog I met. <em>(To Zoe.)</em> You
have nothing?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Is he hungry?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Extends his hand to her smiling and chants to the air of the
bloodoath in the</em> Dusk of the Gods.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hangende Hunger,<br/>Fragende Frau,<br/>Macht uns alle kaputt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Tragically.)</em> Hamlet, I am thy father’s gimlet! <em>(She takes his
hand.)</em> Blue eyes beauty I’ll read your hand. <em>(She points to his
forehead.)</em> No wit, no wrinkles. <em>(She counts.)</em> Two, three, Mars,
that’s courage. <em>(Stephen shakes his head.)</em> No kid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: Sheet lightning courage. The youth who could not shiver and shake.
<em>(To Zoe.)</em> Who taught you palmistry?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Turns.)</em> Ask my ballocks that I haven’t got. <em>(To Stephen.)</em> I
see it in your face. The eye, like that. <em>(She frowns with lowered head.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Laughing, slaps Kitty behind twice.)</em> Like that. Pandybat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Twice loudly a pandybat cracks, the coffin of the pianola flies open, the
bald little round jack-in-the-box head of Father Dolan springs up.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FATHER DOLAN: Any boy want flogging? Broke his glasses? Lazy idle little
schemer. See it in your eye.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Mild, benign, rectorial, reproving, the head of Don John Conmee rises from
the pianola coffin.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DON JOHN CONMEE: Now, Father Dolan! Now. I’m sure that Stephen is a very good
little boy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Examining Stephen’s palm.)</em> Woman’s hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Murmurs.)</em> Continue. Lie. Hold me. Caress. I never could read
His handwriting except His criminal thumbprint on the haddock.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: What day were you born?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Thursday. Today.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Thursday’s child has far to go. <em>(She traces lines on his hand.)</em>
Line of fate. Influential friends.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Pointing.)</em> Imagination.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Mount of the moon. You’ll meet with a... <em>(She peers at his hands
abruptly.)</em> I won’t tell you what’s not good for you. Or do you want to
know?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Detaches her fingers and offers his palm.)</em> More harm than good.
Here. Read mine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: Show. <em>(She turns up Bloom’s hand.)</em> I thought so. Knobby knuckles
for the women.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Peering at Bloom’s palm.)</em> Gridiron. Travels beyond the sea and
marry money.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Wrong.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Quickly.)</em> O, I see. Short little finger. Henpecked husband. That
wrong?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Black Liz, a huge rooster hatching in a chalked circle, rises, stretches
her wings and clucks.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLACK LIZ: Gara. Klook. Klook. Klook.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She sidles from her newlaid egg and waddles off.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Points to his hand.)</em> That weal there is an accident. Fell and
cut it twentytwo years ago. I was sixteen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: I see, says the blind man. Tell us news.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: See? Moves to one great goal. I am twentytwo. Sixteen years ago he was
twentytwo too. Sixteen years ago I twentytwo tumbled. Twentytwo years ago he
sixteen fell off his hobbyhorse. <em>(He winces.)</em> Hurt my hand somewhere.
Must see a dentist. Money?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Zoe whispers to Florry. They giggle. Bloom releases his hand and writes
idly on the table in backhand, pencilling slow curves.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: What?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A hackneycar, number three hundred and twentyfour, with a gallantbuttocked
mare, driven by James Barton, Harmony Avenue, Donnybrook, trots past. Blazes
Boylan and Lenehan sprawl swaying on the sideseats. The Ormond boots crouches
behind on the axle. Sadly over the crossblind Lydia Douce and Mina Kennedy
gaze.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BOOTS: <em>(Jogging, mocks them with thumb and wriggling wormfingers.)</em>
Haw haw have you the horn?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bronze by gold they whisper.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(To Florry.)</em> Whisper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(They whisper again.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Over the well of the car Blazes Boylan leans, his boater straw set
sideways, a red flower in his mouth. Lenehan in yachtsman’s cap and white shoes
officiously detaches a long hair from Blazes Boylan’s coat shoulder.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LENEHAN: Ho! What do I here behold? Were you brushing the cobwebs off a few
quims?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Sated, smiles.)</em> Plucking a turkey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LENEHAN: A good night’s work.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Holding up four thick bluntungulated fingers, winks.)</em> Blazes
Kate! Up to sample or your money back. <em>(He holds out a forefinger.)</em>
Smell that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LENEHAN: <em>(Smells gleefully.)</em> Ah! Lobster and mayonnaise. Ah!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE AND FLORRY: <em>(Laugh together.)</em> Ha ha ha ha.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Jumps surely from the car and calls loudly for all to hear.)</em>
Hello, Bloom! Mrs Bloom dressed yet?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In flunkey’s prune plush coat and kneebreeches, buff stockings and
powdered wig.)</em> I’m afraid not, sir. The last articles...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Tosses him sixpence.)</em> Here, to buy yourself a gin and splash.
<em>(He hangs his hat smartly on a peg of Bloom’s antlered head.)</em> Show me
in. I have a little private business with your wife, you understand?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Thank you, sir. Yes, sir. Madam Tweedy is in her bath, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARION: He ought to feel himself highly honoured. <em>(She plops splashing out
of the water.)</em> Raoul darling, come and dry me. I’m in my pelt. Only my new
hat and a carriage sponge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(A merry twinkle in his eye.)</em> Topping!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: What? What is it?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Zoe whispers to her.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARION: Let him look, the pishogue! Pimp! And scourge himself! I’ll write to a
powerful prostitute or Bartholomona, the bearded woman, to raise weals out on
him an inch thick and make him bring me back a signed and stamped receipt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BOYLAN: (Clasps himself.) Here, I can’t hold this little lot much longer. (He
strides off on stiff cavalry legs.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Ho ho ho ho.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(To Bloom, over his shoulder.)</em> You can apply your eye to the
keyhole and play with yourself while I just go through her a few times.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Thank you, sir. I will, sir. May I bring two men chums to witness the
deed and take a snapshot? <em>(He holds out an ointment jar.)</em> Vaseline, sir?
Orangeflower...? Lukewarm water...?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: <em>(From the sofa.)</em> Tell us, Florry. Tell us. What...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Florry whispers to her. Whispering lovewords murmur, liplapping loudly,
poppysmic plopslop.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MINA KENNEDY: <em>(Her eyes upturned.)</em> O, it must be like the scent of
geraniums and lovely peaches! O, he simply idolises every bit of her! Stuck
together! Covered with kisses!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYDIA DOUCE: <em>(Her mouth opening.)</em> Yumyum. O, he’s carrying her round the
room doing it! Ride a cockhorse. You could hear them in Paris and New York.
Like mouthfuls of strawberries and cream.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Hee hee hee.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BOYLAN’S VOICE: <em>(Sweetly, hoarsely, in the pit of his stomach.)</em> Ah!
Godblazeqrukbrukarchkrasht!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARION’S VOICE: <em>(Hoarsely, sweetly, rising to her throat.)</em> O!
Weeshwashtkissinapooisthnapoohuck?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His eyes wildly dilated, clasps himself.)</em> Show! Hide! Show!
Plough her! More! Shoot!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA, ZOE, FLORRY, KITTY: Ho ho! Ha ha! Hee hee!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Points.)</em> The mirror up to nature. <em>(He laughs.)</em> Hu hu hu
hu hu!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Stephen and Bloom gaze in the mirror. The face of William Shakespeare,
beardless, appears there, rigid in facial paralysis, crowned by the reflection
of the reindeer antlered hatrack in the hall.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SHAKESPEARE: <em>(In dignified ventriloquy.)</em> ’Tis the loud laugh bespeaks
the vacant mind. <em>(To Bloom.)</em> Thou thoughtest as how thou wastest
invisible. Gaze. <em>(He crows with a black capon’s laugh.)</em> Iagogo! How my
Oldfellow chokit his Thursdaymornun. Iagogogo!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Smiles yellowly at the three whores.)</em> When will I hear the joke?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Before you’re twice married and once a widower.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Lapses are condoned. Even the great Napoleon when measurements were
taken next the skin after his death...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Mrs Dignam, widow woman, her snubnose and cheeks flushed with deathtalk,
tears and Tunney’s tawny sherry, hurries by in her weeds, her bonnet awry,
rouging and powdering her cheeks, lips and nose, a pen chivvying her brood of
cygnets. Beneath her skirt appear her late husband’s everyday trousers and
turnedup boots, large eights. She holds a Scottish widow’s insurance policy and
a large marquee umbrella under which her brood run with her, Patsy hopping on
one shod foot, his collar loose, a hank of porksteaks dangling, Freddy
whimpering, Susy with a crying cod’s mouth, Alice struggling with the baby. She
cuffs them on, her streamers flaunting aloft.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FREDDY: Ah, ma, you’re dragging me along!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SUSY: Mamma, the beeftea is fizzing over!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SHAKESPEARE: <em>(With paralytic rage.)</em> Weda seca whokilla farst.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The face of Martin Cunningham, bearded, refeatures Shakespeare’s beardless
face. The marquee umbrella sways drunkenly, the children run aside. Under the
umbrella appears Mrs Cunningham in Merry Widow hat and kimono gown. She glides
sidling and bowing, twirling japanesily.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MRS CUNNINGHAM: <em>(Sings.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And they call me the jewel of Asia!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MARTIN CUNNINGHAM: <em>(Gazes on her, impassive.)</em> Immense! Most bloody awful
demirep!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Et exaltabuntur cornua iusti.</em> Queens lay with prize bulls.
Remember Pasiphae for whose lust my grandoldgrossfather made the first
confessionbox. Forget not Madam Grissel Steevens nor the suine scions of the
house of Lambert. And Noah was drunk with wine. And his ark was open.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: None of that here. Come to the wrong shop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: Let him alone. He’s back from Paris.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Runs to stephen and links him.)</em> O go on! Give us some parleyvoo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Stephen claps hat on head and leaps over to the fireplace where he stands
with shrugged shoulders, finny hands outspread, a painted smile on his
face.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Pommelling on the sofa.)</em> Rmm Rmm Rmm Rrrrrrmmmmm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Gabbles with marionette jerks.)</em> Thousand places of
entertainment to expense your evenings with lovely ladies saling gloves and
other things perhaps hers heart beerchops perfect fashionable house very
eccentric where lots cocottes beautiful dressed much about princesses like are
dancing cancan and walking there parisian clowneries extra foolish for
bachelors foreigns the same if talking a poor english how much smart they are
on things love and sensations voluptuous. Misters very selects for is pleasure
must to visit heaven and hell show with mortuary candles and they tears silver
which occur every night. Perfectly shocking terrific of religion’s things
mockery seen in universal world. All chic womans which arrive full of modesty
then disrobe and squeal loud to see vampire man debauch nun very fresh young
with <em>dessous troublants</em>. <em>(He clacks his tongue loudly.)</em> <em>Ho, là
là! Ce pif qu’il a!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>Vive le vampire!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WHORES: Bravo! Parleyvoo!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Grimacing with head back, laughs loudly, clapping himself.)</em>
Great success of laughing. Angels much prostitutes like and holy apostles big
damn ruffians. <em>Demimondaines</em> nicely handsome sparkling of diamonds very
amiable costumed. Or do you are fond better what belongs they moderns pleasure
turpitude of old mans? <em>(He points about him with grotesque gestures which
Lynch and the whores reply to.)</em> Caoutchouc statue woman reversible or
lifesize tompeeptom of virgins nudities very lesbic the kiss five ten times.
Enter, gentleman, to see in mirror every positions trapezes all that machine
there besides also if desire act awfully bestial butcher’s boy pollutes in warm
veal liver or omlet on the belly <em>pièce de Shakespeare.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Clapping her belly sinks back on the sofa, with a shout of
laughter.)</em> An omelette on the... Ho! ho! ho! ho!... omelette on the...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Mincingly.)</em> I love you, sir darling. Speak you englishman
tongue for <em>double entente cordiale.</em> O yes, <em>mon loup</em>. How much
cost? Waterloo. Watercloset. <em>(He ceases suddenly and holds up a
forefinger.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Omelette...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WHORES: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Encore! Encore!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Mark me. I dreamt of a watermelon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: Go abroad and love a foreign lady.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: Across the world for a wife.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: Dreams goes by contraries.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Extends his arms.)</em> It was here. Street of harlots. In
Serpentine avenue Beelzebub showed me her, a fubsy widow. Where’s the red
carpet spread?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Approaching Stephen.)</em> Look...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: No, I flew. My foes beneath me. And ever shall be. World without end.
<em>(He cries.) Pater!</em> Free!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I say, look...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Break my spirit, will he? <em>O merde alors! (He cries, his vulture
talons sharpened.)</em> Hola! Hillyho!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Simon Dedalus’ voice hilloes in answer, somewhat sleepy but ready.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SIMON: That’s all right. <em>(He swoops uncertainly through the air, wheeling,
uttering cries of heartening, on strong ponderous buzzard wings.)</em> Ho, boy!
Are you going to win? Hoop! Pschatt! Stable with those halfcastes. Wouldn’t let
them within the bawl of an ass. Head up! Keep our flag flying! An eagle gules
volant in a field argent displayed. Ulster king at arms! Haihoop! <em>(He makes
the beagle’s call, giving tongue.)</em> Bulbul! Burblblburblbl! Hai, boy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The fronds and spaces of the wallpaper file rapidly across country. A stout
fox, drawn from covert, brush pointed, having buried his grandmother, runs
swift for the open, brighteyed, seeking badger earth, under the leaves. The
pack of staghounds follows, nose to the ground, sniffing their quarry,
beaglebaying, burblbrbling to be blooded. Ward Union huntsmen and huntswomen
live with them, hot for a kill. From Six Mile Point, Flathouse, Nine Mile Stone
follow the footpeople with knotty sticks, hayforks, salmongaffs, lassos,
flockmasters with stockwhips, bearbaiters with tomtoms, toreadors with
bullswords, grey negroes waving torches. The crowd bawls of dicers, crown and
anchor players, thimbleriggers, broadsmen. Crows and touts, hoarse bookies in
high wizard hats clamour deafeningly.)</em></p>
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</div>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-20.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-20.htm.html_pgepubid00081" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CROWD:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Card of the races. Racing card!<br/>Ten to one the field!<br/>Tommy on the clay here! Tommy on the clay!<br/>Ten to one bar one! Ten to one bar one!<br/>Try your luck on Spinning Jenny!<br/>Ten to one bar one!<br/>Sell the monkey, boys! Sell the monkey!<br/>I’ll give ten to one!<br/>Ten to one bar one!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A dark horse, riderless, bolts like a phantom past the winningpost, his
mane moonfoaming, his eyeballs stars. The field follows, a bunch of bucking
mounts. Skeleton horses, Sceptre, Maximum the Second, Zinfandel, the Duke of
Westminster’s Shotover, Repulse, the Duke of Beaufort’s Ceylon, prix de Paris.
Dwarfs ride them, rustyarmoured, leaping, leaping in their, in their saddles.
Last in a drizzle of rain on a brokenwinded isabelle nag, Cock of the North,
the favourite, honey cap, green jacket, orange sleeves, Garrett Deasy up,
gripping the reins, a hockeystick at the ready. His nag on spavined
whitegaitered feet jogs along the rocky road.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE ORANGE LODGES: <em>(Jeering.)</em> Get down and push, mister. Last lap!
You’ll be home the night!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GARRETT DEASY: <em>(Bolt upright, his nailscraped face plastered with
postagestamps, brandishes his hockeystick, his blue eyes flashing in the prism
of the chandelier as his mount lopes by at schooling gallop.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Per vias rectas!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(A yoke of buckets leopards all over him and his rearing nag a torrent of
mutton broth with dancing coins of carrots, barley, onions, turnips,
potatoes.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE GREEN LODGES: Soft day, sir John! Soft day, your honour!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Private Carr, Private Compton and Cissy Caffrey pass beneath the windows,
singing in discord.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Hark! Our friend noise in the street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Holds up her hand.)</em> Stop!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR, PRIVATE COMPTON AND CISSY CAFFREY:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yet I’ve a sort of a<br/>Yorkshire relish for...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: That’s me. <em>(She claps her hands.)</em> Dance! Dance! <em>(She runs to the
pianola.)</em> Who has twopence?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Who’ll...?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Handing her coins.)</em> Here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Cracking his fingers impatiently.)</em> Quick! Quick! Where’s my
augur’s rod? <em>(He runs to the piano and takes his ashplant, beating his foot
in tripudium.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Turns the drumhandle.)</em> There.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She drops two pennies in the slot. Gold, pink and violet lights start
forth. The drum turns purring in low hesitation waltz. Professor Goodwin, in a
bowknotted periwig, in court dress, wearing a stained inverness cape, bent in
two from incredible age, totters across the room, his hands fluttering. He sits
tinily on the pianostool and lifts and beats handless sticks of arms on the
keyboard, nodding with damsel’s grace, his bowknot bobbing.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Twirls round herself, heeltapping.)</em> Dance. Anybody here for there?
Who’ll dance? Clear the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The pianola with changing lights plays in waltz time the prelude of</em> My
Girl’s a Yorkshire Girl. <em>Stephen throws his ashplant on the table and seizes
Zoe round the waist. Florry and Bella push the table towards the fireplace.
Stephen, arming Zoe with exaggerated grace, begins to waltz her round the room.
Bloom stands aside. Her sleeve falling from gracing arms, reveals a white
fleshflower of vaccination. Between the curtains Professor Maginni inserts a
leg on the toepoint of which spins a silk hat. With a deft kick he sends it
spinning to his crown and jauntyhatted skates in. He wears a slate frockcoat
with claret silk lapels, a gorget of cream tulle, a green lowcut waistcoat,
stock collar with white kerchief, tight lavender trousers, patent pumps and
canary gloves. In his buttonhole is an immense dahlia. He twirls in reversed
directions a clouded cane, then wedges it tight in his oxter. He places a hand
lightly on his breastbone, bows, and fondles his flower and buttons.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MAGINNI: The poetry of motion, art of calisthenics. No connection with Madam
Legget Byrne’s or Levenston’s. Fancy dress balls arranged. Deportment. The
Katty Lanner step. So. Watch me! My terpsichorean abilities. <em>(He minuets
forward three paces on tripping bee’s feet.) Tout le monde en avant! Révérence!
Tout le monde en place!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The prelude ceases. Professor Goodwin, beating vague arms shrivels, sinks,
his live cape falling about the stool. The air in firmer waltz time sounds.
Stephen and Zoe circle freely. The lights change, glow, fade gold rosy
violet.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Two young fellows were talking about their girls, girls, girls,<br/>Sweethearts they’d left behind...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(From a corner the morning hours run out, goldhaired, slimsandalled, in
girlish blue, waspwaisted, with innocent hands. Nimbly they dance, twirling
their skipping ropes. The hours of noon follow in amber gold. Laughing, linked,
high haircombs flashing, they catch the sun in mocking mirrors, lifting their
arms.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MAGINNI: <em>(Clipclaps glovesilent hands.) Carré! Avant deux!</em> Breathe
evenly! <em>Balance!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The morning and noon hours waltz in their places, turning, advancing to
each other, shaping their curves, bowing visavis. Cavaliers behind them arch
and suspend their arms, with hands descending to, touching, rising from their
shoulders.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HOURS: You may touch my.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CAVALIERS: May I touch your?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HOURS: O, but lightly!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CAVALIERS: O, so lightly!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>My little shy little lass has a waist.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Zoe and Stephen turn boldly with looser swing. The twilight hours advance
from long landshadows, dispersed, lagging, languideyed, their cheeks delicate
with cipria and false faint bloom. They are in grey gauze with dark bat sleeves
that flutter in the land breeze.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Avant huit! Traversé! Salut! Cours de mains! Croisé!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The night hours, one by one, steal to the last place. Morning, noon and
twilight hours retreat before them. They are masked, with daggered hair and
bracelets of dull bells. Weary they curchycurchy under veils.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BRACELETS: Heigho! Heigho!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Twirling, her hand to her brow.)</em> O!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Les tiroirs! Chaîne de dames! La corbeille! Dos à dos!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Arabesquing wearily they weave a pattern on the floor, weaving, unweaving,
curtseying, twirling, simply swirling.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: I’m giddy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She frees herself, droops on a chair. Stephen seizes Florry and turns with
her.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Boulangère! Les ronds! Les ponts! Chevaux de bois! Escargots!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Twining, receding, with interchanging hands the night hours link each each
with arching arms in a mosaic of movements. Stephen and Florry turn
cumbrously.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Dansez avec vos dames! Changez de dames! Donnez le petit bouquet à
votre dame! Remerciez!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Best, best of all,<br/>Baraabum!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KITTY: <em>(Jumps up.)</em> O, they played that on the hobbyhorses at the
<em>Mirus</em> bazaar!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She runs to Stephen. He leaves Florry brusquely and seizes Kitty. A
screaming bittern’s harsh high whistle shrieks. Groangrousegurgling Toft’s
cumbersome whirligig turns slowly the room right roundabout the room.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>My girl’s a Yorkshire girl.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yorkshire through and through. Come on all!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(She seizes Florry and waltzes her.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Pas seul!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He wheels Kitty into Lynch’s arms, snatches up his ashplant from the table
and takes the floor. All wheel whirl waltz twirl. Bloombella Kittylynch
Florryzoe jujuby women. Stephen with hat ashplant frogsplits in middle
highkicks with skykicking mouth shut hand clasp part under thigh. With clang
tinkle boomhammer tallyho hornblower blue green yellow flashes Toft’s
cumbersome turns with hobbyhorse riders from gilded snakes dangled, bowels
fandango leaping spurn soil foot and fall again.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Though she’s a factory lass<br/>And wears no fancy clothes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Closeclutched swift swifter with glareblareflare scudding they
scootlootshoot lumbering by. Baraabum!)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>TUTTI: Encore! Bis! Bravo! Encore!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SIMON: Think of your mother’s people!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Dance of death.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Bang fresh barang bang of lacquey’s bell, horse, nag, steer, piglings,
Conmee on Christass, lame crutch and leg sailor in cockboat armfolded
ropepulling hitching stamp hornpipe through and through. Baraabum! On nags hogs
bellhorses Gadarene swine Corny in coffin steel shark stone onehandled Nelson
two trickies Frauenzimmer plumstained from pram falling bawling. Gum he’s a
champion. Fuseblue peer from barrel rev. evensong Love on hackney jaunt Blazes
blind coddoubled bicyclers Dilly with snowcake no fancy clothes. Then in last
switchback lumbering up and down bump mashtub sort of viceroy and reine relish
for tublumber bumpshire rose. Baraabum!)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The couples fall aside. Stephen whirls giddily. Room whirls back. Eyes
closed he totters. Red rails fly spacewards. Stars all around suns turn
roundabout. Bright midges dance on walls. He stops dead.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Ho!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Stephen’s mother, emaciated, rises stark through the floor, in leper grey
with a wreath of faded orangeblossoms and a torn bridal veil, her face worn and
noseless, green with gravemould. Her hair is scant and lank. She fixes her
bluecircled hollow eyesockets on Stephen and opens her toothless mouth uttering
a silent word. A choir of virgins and confessors sing voicelessly.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CHOIR:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Liliata rutilantium te confessorum...<br/>Iubilantium te virginum...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(From the top of a tower Buck Mulligan, in particoloured jester’s dress of
puce and yellow and clown’s cap with curling bell, stands gaping at her, a
smoking buttered split scone in his hand.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BUCK MULLIGAN: She’s beastly dead. The pity of it! Mulligan meets the afflicted
mother. <em>(He upturns his eyes.)</em> Mercurial Malachi!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(With the subtle smile of death’s madness.)</em> I was once the
beautiful May Goulding. I am dead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Horrorstruck.)</em> Lemur, who are you? No. What bogeyman’s trick
is this?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BUCK MULLIGAN: <em>(Shakes his curling capbell.)</em> The mockery of it! Kinch
dogsbody killed her bitchbody. She kicked the bucket. <em>(Tears of molten
butter fall from his eyes on to the scone.)</em> Our great sweet mother! <em>Epi
oinopa ponton.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(Comes nearer, breathing upon him softly her breath of wetted
ashes.)</em> All must go through it, Stephen. More women than men in the world.
You too. Time will come.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Choking with fright, remorse and horror.)</em> They say I killed
you, mother. He offended your memory. Cancer did it, not I. Destiny.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(A green rill of bile trickling from a side of her mouth.)</em>
You sang that song to me. <em>Love’s bitter mystery.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Eagerly.)</em> Tell me the word, mother, if you know now. The word
known to all men.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTHER: Who saved you the night you jumped into the train at Dalkey with
Paddy Lee? Who had pity for you when you were sad among the strangers? Prayer
is allpowerful. Prayer for the suffering souls in the Ursuline manual and forty
days’ indulgence. Repent, Stephen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: The ghoul! Hyena!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTHER: I pray for you in my other world. Get Dilly to make you that boiled
rice every night after your brainwork. Years and years I loved you, O, my son,
my firstborn, when you lay in my womb.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Fanning herself with the grate fan.)</em> I’m melting!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Points to Stephen.)</em> Look! He’s white.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Goes to the window to open it more.)</em> Giddy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(With smouldering eyes.)</em> Repent! O, the fire of hell!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Panting.)</em> His noncorrosive sublimate! The corpsechewer! Raw
head and bloody bones.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(Her face drawing near and nearer, sending out an ashen
breath.)</em> Beware! <em>(She raises her blackened withered right arm slowly
towards Stephen’s breast with outstretched finger.)</em> Beware God’s hand!
<em>(A green crab with malignant red eyes sticks deep its grinning claws in
Stephen’s heart.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Strangled with rage.)</em> Shite! <em>(His features grow drawn and
grey and old.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(At the window.)</em> What?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Ah non, par exemple!</em> The intellectual imagination! With me all
or not at all. <em>Non serviam!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: Give him some cold water. Wait. <em>(She rushes out.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(Wrings her hands slowly, moaning desperately.)</em> O Sacred
Heart of Jesus, have mercy on him! Save him from hell, O Divine Sacred Heart!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: No! No! No! Break my spirit, all of you, if you can! I’ll bring you
all to heel!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(In the agony of her deathrattle.)</em> Have mercy on Stephen,
Lord, for my sake! Inexpressible was my anguish when expiring with love, grief
and agony on Mount Calvary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Nothung!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He lifts his ashplant high with both hands and smashes the chandelier.
Time’s livid final flame leaps and, in the following darkness, ruin of all
space, shattered glass and toppling masonry.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE GASJET: Pwfungg!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Stop!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Rushes forward and seizes Stephen’s hand.)</em> Here! Hold on! Don’t
run amok!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: Police!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Stephen, abandoning his ashplant, his head and arms thrown back stark,
beats the ground and flies from the room, past the whores at the door.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Screams.)</em> After him!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The two whores rush to the halldoor. Lynch and Kitty and Zoe stampede from
the room. They talk excitedly. Bloom follows, returns.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WHORES: <em>(Jammed in the doorway, pointing.)</em> Down there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(Pointing.)</em> There. There’s something up.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: Who pays for the lamp? <em>(She seizes Bloom’s coattail.)</em> Here, you
were with him. The lamp’s broken.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Rushes to the hall, rushes back.)</em> What lamp, woman?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A WHORE: He tore his coat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Her eyes hard with anger and cupidity, points.)</em> Who’s to pay for
that? Ten shillings. You’re a witness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Snatches up Stephen’s ashplant.)</em> Me? Ten shillings? Haven’t you
lifted enough off him? Didn’t he...?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Loudly.)</em> Here, none of your tall talk. This isn’t a brothel. A
ten shilling house.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His head under the lamp, pulls the chain. Pulling, the gasjet lights
up a crushed mauve purple shade. He raises the ashplant.)</em> Only the
chimney’s broken. Here is all he...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Shrinks back and screams.)</em> Jesus! Don’t!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Warding off a blow.)</em> To show you how he hit the paper. There’s
not sixpenceworth of damage done. Ten shillings!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FLORRY: <em>(With a glass of water, enters.)</em> Where is he?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: Do you want me to call the police?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: O, I know. Bulldog on the premises. But he’s a Trinity student. Patrons
of your establishment. Gentlemen that pay the rent. <em>(He makes a masonic
sign.)</em> Know what I mean? Nephew of the vicechancellor. You don’t want a
scandal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Angrily.)</em> Trinity. Coming down here ragging after the boatraces
and paying nothing. Are you my commander here or? Where is he? I’ll charge him!
Disgrace him, I will! <em>(She shouts.)</em> Zoe! Zoe!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Urgently.)</em> And if it were your own son in Oxford?
<em>(Warningly.)</em> I know.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BELLA: <em>(Almost speechless.)</em> Who are. Incog!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ZOE: <em>(In the doorway.)</em> There’s a row on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: What? Where? <em>(He throws a shilling on the table and starts.)</em>
That’s for the chimney. Where? I need mountain air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He hurries out through the hall. The whores point. Florry follows, spilling
water from her tilted tumbler. On the doorstep all the whores clustered talk
volubly, pointing to the right where the fog has cleared off. From the left
arrives a jingling hackney car. It slows to in front of the house. Bloom at the
halldoor perceives Corny Kelleher who is about to dismount from the car with
two silent lechers. He averts his face. Bella from within the hall urges on her
whores. They blow ickylickysticky yumyum kisses. Corny Kelleher replies with a
ghastly lewd smile. The silent lechers turn to pay the jarvey. Zoe and Kitty
still point right. Bloom, parting them swiftly, draws his caliph’s hood and
poncho and hurries down the steps with sideways face. Incog Haroun al Raschid
he flits behind the silent lechers and hastens on by the railings with fleet
step of a pard strewing the drag behind him, torn envelopes drenched in
aniseed. The ashplant marks his stride. A pack of bloodhounds, led by
Hornblower of Trinity brandishing a dogwhip in tallyho cap and an old pair of
grey trousers, follows from far, picking up the scent, nearer, baying, panting,
at fault, breaking away, throwing their tongues, biting his heels, leaping at
his tail. He walks, runs, zigzags, gallops, lugs laid back. He is pelted with
gravel, cabbagestumps, biscuitboxes, eggs, potatoes, dead codfish, woman’s
slipperslappers. After him freshfound the hue and cry zigzag gallops in hot
pursuit of follow my leader: 65 C, 66 C, night watch, John Henry Menton, Wisdom
Hely, V. B. Dillon, Councillor Nannetti, Alexander Keyes, Larry O’Rourke, Joe
Cuffe, Mrs O’Dowd, Pisser Burke, The Nameless One, Mrs Riordan, The Citizen,
Garryowen, Whodoyoucallhim, Strangeface, Fellowthatsolike, Sawhimbefore,
Chapwithawen, Chris Callinan, sir Charles Cameron, Benjamin Dollard, Lenehan,
Bartell d’Arcy, Joe Hynes, red Murray, editor Brayden, T. M. Healy, Mr Justice
Fitzgibbon, John Howard Parnell, the reverend Tinned Salmon, Professor Joly,
Mrs Breen, Denis Breen, Theodore Purefoy, Mina Purefoy, the Westland Row
postmistress, C. P. M’Coy, friend of Lyons, Hoppy Holohan, maninthestreet,
othermaninthestreet, Footballboots, pugnosed driver, rich protestant lady, Davy
Byrne, Mrs Ellen M’Guinness, Mrs Joe Gallaher, George Lidwell, Jimmy Henry on
corns, Superintendent Laracy, Father Cowley, Crofton out of the
Collector-general’s, Dan Dawson, dental surgeon Bloom with tweezers, Mrs Bob
Doran, Mrs Kennefick, Mrs Wyse Nolan, John Wyse Nolan,
handsomemarriedwomanrubbedagainstwidebehindinClonskea tram, the bookseller
of</em> Sweets of Sin, <em>Miss Dubedatandshedidbedad, Mesdames Gerald and
Stanislaus Moran of Roebuck, the managing clerk of Drimmie’s, Wetherup, colonel
Hayes, Mastiansky, Citron, Penrose, Aaron Figatner, Moses Herzog, Michael E
Geraghty, Inspector Troy, Mrs Galbraith, the constable off Eccles street
corner, old doctor Brady with stethoscope, the mystery man on the beach, a
retriever, Mrs Miriam Dandrade and all her lovers.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HUE AND CRY: <em>(Helterskelterpelterwelter.)</em> He’s Bloom! Stop Bloom!
Stopabloom! Stopperrobber! Hi! Hi! Stophim on the corner!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(At the corner of Beaver street beneath the scaffolding Bloom panting stops
on the fringe of the noisy quarrelling knot, a lot not knowing a jot what hi!
hi! row and wrangle round the whowhat brawlaltogether.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(With elaborate gestures, breathing deeply and slowly.)</em> You are
my guests. Uninvited. By virtue of the fifth of George and seventh of Edward.
History to blame. Fabled by mothers of memory.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To Cissy Caffrey.)</em> Was he insulting you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Addressed her in vocative feminine. Probably neuter. Ungenitive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VOICES: No, he didn’t. I seen him. The girl there. He was in Mrs Cohen’s.
What’s up? Soldier and civilian.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: I was in company with the soldiers and they left me to
do—you know, and the young man run up behind me. But I’m faithful to the
man that’s treating me though I’m only a shilling whore.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Catches sight of Lynch’s and Kitty’s heads.)</em> Hail, Sisyphus.
<em>(He points to himself and the others.)</em> Poetic. Uropoetic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VOICES: Shes faithfultheman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: Yes, to go with him. And me with a soldier friend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: He doesn’t half want a thick ear, the blighter. Biff him one,
Harry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To Cissy.)</em> Was he insulting you while me and him was
having a piss?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LORD TENNYSON: <em>(Gentleman poet in Union Jack blazer and cricket flannels,
bareheaded, flowingbearded.)</em> Theirs not to reason why.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Biff him, Harry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(To Private Compton.)</em> I don’t know your name but you are quite
right. Doctor Swift says one man in armour will beat ten men in their shirts.
Shirt is synechdoche. Part for the whole.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(To the crowd.)</em> No, I was with the privates.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Amiably.)</em> Why not? The bold soldier boy. In my opinion every
lady for example...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(His cap awry, advances to Stephen.)</em> Say, how would it be,
governor, if I was to bash in your jaw?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Looks up to the sky.)</em> How? Very unpleasant. Noble art of
selfpretence. Personally, I detest action. <em>(He waves his hand.)</em> Hand
hurts me slightly. <em>Enfin ce sont vos oignons.</em> <em>(To Cissy Caffrey.)</em>
Some trouble is on here. What is it precisely?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DOLLY GRAY: <em>(From her balcony waves her handkerchief, giving the sign of the
heroine of Jericho.)</em> Rahab. Cook’s son, goodbye. Safe home to Dolly. Dream
of the girl you left behind and she will dream of you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The soldiers turn their swimming eyes.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Elbowing through the crowd, plucks Stephen’s sleeve vigorously.)</em>
Come now, professor, that carman is waiting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Turns.)</em> Eh? <em>(He disengages himself.)</em> Why should I not
speak to him or to any human being who walks upright upon this oblate orange?
<em>(He points his finger.)</em> I’m not afraid of what I can talk to if I see
his eye. Retaining the perpendicular.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He staggers a pace back.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Propping him.)</em> Retain your own.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Laughs emptily.)</em> My centre of gravity is displaced. I have
forgotten the trick. Let us sit down somewhere and discuss. Struggle for life
is the law of existence but but human philirenists, notably the tsar and the
king of England, have invented arbitration. <em>(He taps his brow.)</em> But in
here it is I must kill the priest and the king.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: Did you hear what the professor said? He’s a professor out of
the college.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CUNTY KATE: I did. I heard that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: He expresses himself with such marked refinement of
phraseology.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CUNTY KATE: Indeed, yes. And at the same time with such apposite trenchancy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Pulls himself free and comes forward.)</em> What’s that you’re
saying about my king?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Edward the Seventh appears in an archway. He wears a white jersey on which
an image of the Sacred Heart is stitched with the insignia of Garter and
Thistle, Golden Fleece, Elephant of Denmark, Skinner’s and Probyn’s horse,
Lincoln’s Inn bencher and ancient and honourable artillery company of
Massachusetts. He sucks a red jujube. He is robed as a grand elect perfect and
sublime mason with trowel and apron, marked</em> made in Germany. <em>In his left
hand he holds a plasterer’s bucket on which is printed</em> Défense d’uriner.
<em>A roar of welcome greets him.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>EDWARD THE SEVENTH: <em>(Slowly, solemnly but indistinctly.)</em> Peace, perfect
peace. For identification, bucket in my hand. Cheerio, boys. <em>(He turns to
his subjects.)</em> We have come here to witness a clean straight fight and we
heartily wish both men the best of good luck. Mahak makar a bak.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He shakes hands with Private Carr, Private Compton, Stephen, Bloom and
Lynch. General applause. Edward the Seventh lifts his bucket graciously in
acknowledgment.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To Stephen.)</em> Say it again.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Nervous, friendly, pulls himself up.)</em> I understand your point
of view though I have no king myself for the moment. This is the age of patent
medicines. A discussion is difficult down here. But this is the point. You die
for your country. Suppose. <em>(He places his arm on Private Carr’s sleeve.)</em>
Not that I wish it for you. But I say: Let my country die for me. Up to the
present it has done so. I didn’t want it to die. Damn death. Long live life!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>EDWARD THE SEVENTH: <em>(Levitates over heaps of slain, in the garb and with the
halo of Joking Jesus, a white jujube in his phosphorescent face.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>My methods are new and are causing surprise.<br/>To make the blind see I throw dust in their eyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Kings and unicorns! <em>(He falls back a pace.)</em> Come somewhere and
we’ll... What was that girl saying?...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Eh, Harry, give him a kick in the knackers. Stick one into
Jerry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To the privates, softly.)</em> He doesn’t know what he’s saying.
Taken a little more than is good for him. Absinthe. Greeneyed monster. I know
him. He’s a gentleman, a poet. It’s all right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Nods, smiling and laughing.)</em> Gentleman, patriot, scholar and
judge of impostors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: I don’t give a bugger who he is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: We don’t give a bugger who he is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: I seem to annoy them. Green rag to a bull.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Kevin Egan of Paris in black Spanish tasselled shirt and peep-o’-day boy’s
hat signs to Stephen.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KEVIN EGAN: H’lo! <em>Bonjour!</em> The <em>vieille ogresse</em> with the <em>dents
jaunes</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Patrice Egan peeps from behind, his rabbitface nibbling a quince leaf.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PATRICE: <em>Socialiste!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DON EMILE PATRIZIO FRANZ RUPERT POPE HENNESSY: <em>(In medieval hauberk, two
wild geese volant on his helm, with noble indignation points a mailed hand
against the privates.)</em> Werf those eykes to footboden, big grand porcos of
johnyellows todos covered of gravy!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To Stephen.)</em> Come home. You’ll get into trouble.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Swaying.)</em> I don’t avoid it. He provokes my intelligence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: One immediately observes that he is of patrician lineage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VIRAGO: Green above the red, says he. Wolfe Tone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BAWD: The red’s as good as the green. And better. Up the soldiers! Up King
Edward!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A ROUGH: <em>(Laughs.)</em> Ay! Hands up to De Wet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CITIZEN: <em>(With a huge emerald muffler and shillelagh, calls.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>May the God above<br/>Send down a dove<br/>With teeth as sharp as razors<br/>To slit the throats<br/>Of the English dogs<br/>That hanged our Irish leaders.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CROPPY BOY: <em>(The ropenoose round his neck, gripes in his issuing bowels
with both hands.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I bear no hate to a living thing,<br/>But I love my country beyond the king.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RUMBOLD, DEMON BARBER: <em>(Accompanied by two blackmasked assistants, advances
with gladstone bag which he opens.)</em> Ladies and gents, cleaver purchased by
Mrs Pearcy to slay Mogg. Knife with which Voisin dismembered the wife of a
compatriot and hid remains in a sheet in the cellar, the unfortunate female’s
throat being cut from ear to ear. Phial containing arsenic retrieved from body
of Miss Barron which sent Seddon to the gallows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He jerks the rope. The assistants leap at the victim’s legs and drag him
downward, grunting: the croppy boy’s tongue protrudes violently.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CROPPY BOY:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Horhot ho hray hor hother’s hest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He gives up the ghost. A violent erection of the hanged sends gouts of
sperm spouting through his deathclothes on to the cobblestones. Mrs Bellingham,
Mrs Yelverton Barry and the Honourable Mrs Mervyn Talboys rush forward with
their handkerchiefs to sop it up.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RUMBOLD: I’m near it myself. <em>(He undoes the noose.)</em> Rope which hanged
the awful rebel. Ten shillings a time. As applied to Her Royal Highness. <em>(He
plunges his head into the gaping belly of the hanged and draws out his head
again clotted with coiled and smoking entrails.)</em> My painful duty has now
been done. God save the king!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>EDWARD THE SEVENTH: <em>(Dances slowly, solemnly, rattling his bucket, and sings
with soft contentment.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On coronation day, on coronation day,<br/>O, won’t we have a merry time,<br/>Drinking whisky, beer and wine!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: Here. What are you saying about my king?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Throws up his hands.)</em> O, this is too monotonous! Nothing. He
wants my money and my life, though want must be his master, for some brutish
empire of his. Money I haven’t. <em>(He searches his pockets vaguely.)</em> Gave
it to someone.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: Who wants your bleeding money?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Tries to move off.)</em> Will someone tell me where I am least
likely to meet these necessary evils? <em>Ça se voit aussi à Paris.</em> Not that
I... But, by Saint Patrick...!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The women’s heads coalesce. Old Gummy Granny in sugarloaf hat appears
seated on a toadstool, the deathflower of the potato blight on her breast.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Aha! I know you, gammer! Hamlet, revenge! The old sow that eats her
farrow!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OLD GUMMY GRANNY: <em>(Rocking to and fro.)</em> Ireland’s sweetheart, the king
of Spain’s daughter, alanna. Strangers in my house, bad manners to them!
<em>(She keens with banshee woe.)</em> Ochone! Ochone! Silk of the kine! <em>(She
wails.)</em> You met with poor old Ireland and how does she stand?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: How do I stand you? The hat trick! Where’s the third person of the
Blessed Trinity? Soggarth Aroon? The reverend Carrion Crow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Shrill.)</em> Stop them from fighting!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A ROUGH: Our men retreated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Tugging at his belt.)</em> I’ll wring the neck of any fucker
says a word against my fucking king.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Terrified.)</em> He said nothing. Not a word. A pure
misunderstanding.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CITIZEN: <em>Erin go bragh!</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Major Tweedy and the Citizen exhibit to each other medals, decorations,
trophies of war, wounds. Both salute with fierce hostility.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Go it, Harry. Do him one in the eye. He’s a proboer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Did I? When?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To the redcoats.)</em> We fought for you in South Africa, Irish
missile troops. Isn’t that history? Royal Dublin Fusiliers. Honoured by our
monarch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Staggering past.)</em> O, yes! O God, yes! O, make the kwawr a
krowawr! O! Bo!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Casqued halberdiers in armour thrust forward a pentice of gutted
spearpoints. Major Tweedy, moustached like Turko the terrible, in bearskin cap
with hackleplume and accoutrements, with epaulettes, gilt chevrons and
sabretaches, his breast bright with medals, toes the line. He gives the pilgrim
warrior’s sign of the knights templars.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MAJOR TWEEDY: <em>(Growls gruffly.)</em> Rorke’s Drift! Up, guards, and at them!
Mahar shalal hashbaz.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: I’ll do him in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Waves the crowd back.)</em> Fair play, here. Make a
bleeding butcher’s shop of the bugger.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Massed bands blare</em> Garryowen <em>and</em> God save the King.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: They’re going to fight. For me!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CUNTY KATE: The brave and the fair.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: Methinks yon sable knight will joust it with the best.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CUNTY KATE: <em>(Blushing deeply.)</em> Nay, madam. The gules doublet and merry
saint George for me!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The harlot’s cry from street to street<br/>Shall weave Old Ireland’s windingsheet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Loosening his belt, shouts.)</em> I’ll wring the neck of any
fucking bastard says a word against my bleeding fucking king.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shakes Cissy Caffrey’s shoulders.)</em> Speak, you! Are you struck
dumb? You are the link between nations and generations. Speak, woman, sacred
lifegiver!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Alarmed, seizes Private Carr’s sleeve.)</em> Amn’t I with
you? Amn’t I your girl? Cissy’s your girl. <em>(She cries.)</em> Police!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Ecstatically, to Cissy Caffrey.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>White thy fambles, red thy gan<br/>And thy quarrons dainty is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>VOICES: Police!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DISTANT VOICES: Dublin’s burning! Dublin’s burning! On fire, on fire!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Brimstone fires spring up. Dense clouds roll past. Heavy Gatling guns boom.
Pandemonium. Troops deploy. Gallop of hoofs. Artillery. Hoarse commands. Bells
clang. Backers shout. Drunkards bawl. Whores screech. Foghorns hoot. Cries of
valour. Shrieks of dying. Pikes clash on cuirasses. Thieves rob the slain.
Birds of prey, winging from the sea, rising from marshlands, swooping from
eyries, hover screaming, gannets, cormorants, vultures, goshawks, climbing
woodcocks, peregrines, merlins, blackgrouse, sea eagles, gulls, albatrosses,
barnacle geese. The midnight sun is darkened. The earth trembles. The dead of
Dublin from Prospect and Mount Jerome in white sheepskin overcoats and black
goatfell cloaks arise and appear to many. A chasm opens with a noiseless yawn.
Tom Rochford, winner, in athlete’s singlet and breeches, arrives at the head of
the national hurdle handicap and leaps into the void. He is followed by a race
of runners and leapers. In wild attitudes they spring from the brink. Their
bodies plunge. Factory lasses with fancy clothes toss redhot Yorkshire
baraabombs. Society ladies lift their skirts above their heads to protect
themselves. Laughing witches in red cutty sarks ride through the air on
broomsticks. Quakerlyster plasters blisters. It rains dragons’ teeth. Armed
heroes spring up from furrows. They exchange in amity the pass of knights of
the red cross and fight duels with cavalry sabres: Wolfe Tone against Henry
Grattan, Smith O’Brien against Daniel O’Connell, Michael Davitt against Isaac
Butt, Justin M’Carthy against Parnell, Arthur Griffith against John Redmond,
John O’Leary against Lear O’Johnny, Lord Edward Fitzgerald against Lord Gerald
Fitzedward, The O’Donoghue of the Glens against The Glens of The O’Donoghue. On
an eminence, the centre of the earth, rises the fieldaltar of Saint Barbara.
Black candles rise from its gospel and epistle horns. From the high barbacans
of the tower two shafts of light fall on the smokepalled altarstone. On the
altarstone Mrs Mina Purefoy, goddess of unreason, lies, naked, fettered, a
chalice resting on her swollen belly. Father Malachi O’Flynn in a lace
petticoat and reversed chasuble, his two left feet back to the front,
celebrates camp mass. The Reverend Mr Hugh C Haines Love M. A. in a plain
cassock and mortarboard, his head and collar back to the front, holds over the
celebrant’s head an open umbrella.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FATHER MALACHI O’FLYNN: <em>Introibo ad altare diaboli.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE REVEREND MR HAINES LOVE: To the devil which hath made glad my young days.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FATHER MALACHI O’FLYNN: <em>(Takes from the chalice and elevates a blooddripping
host.) Corpus meum.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE REVEREND MR HAINES LOVE: <em>(Raises high behind the celebrant’s petticoat,
revealing his grey bare hairy buttocks between which a carrot is stuck.)</em> My
body.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VOICE OF ALL THE DAMNED: Htengier Tnetopinmo Dog Drol eht rof, Aiulella!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(From on high the voice of Adonai calls.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ADONAI: Dooooooooooog!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE VOICE OF ALL THE BLESSED: Alleluia, for the Lord God Omnipotent reigneth!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(From on high the voice of Adonai calls.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ADONAI: Goooooooooood!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(In strident discord peasants and townsmen of Orange and Green factions
sing</em> Kick the Pope <em>and</em> Daily, daily sing to Mary.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(With ferocious articulation.)</em> I’ll do him in, so help me
fucking Christ! I’ll wring the bastard fucker’s bleeding blasted fucking
windpipe!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The retriever, nosing on the fringe of the crowd, barks noisily.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OLD GUMMY GRANNY: <em>(Thrusts a dagger towards Stephen’s hand.)</em> Remove him,
acushla. At 8.35 a.m. you will be in heaven and Ireland will be free. <em>(She
prays.)</em> O good God, take him!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Runs to Lynch.)</em> Can’t you get him away?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LYNCH: He likes dialectic, the universal language. Kitty! <em>(To Bloom.)</em>
Get him away, you. He won’t listen to me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He drags Kitty away.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Points.) Exit Judas. Et laqueo se suspendit.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Runs to Stephen.)</em> Come along with me now before worse happens.
Here’s your stick.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: Stick, no. Reason. This feast of pure reason.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Pulling Private Carr.)</em> Come on, you’re boosed. He
insulted me but I forgive him. <em>(Shouting in his ear.)</em> I forgive him for
insulting me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Over Stephen’s shoulder.)</em> Yes, go. You see he’s incapable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Breaks loose.)</em> I’ll insult him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He rushes towards Stephen, fist outstretched, and strikes him in the face.
Stephen totters, collapses, falls, stunned. He lies prone, his face to the sky,
his hat rolling to the wall. Bloom follows and picks it up.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MAJOR TWEEDY: <em>(Loudly.)</em> Carbine in bucket! Cease fire! Salute!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE RETRIEVER: <em>(Barking furiously.)</em> Ute ute ute ute ute ute ute ute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE CROWD: Let him up! Don’t strike him when he’s down! Air! Who? The soldier
hit him. He’s a professor. Is he hurted? Don’t manhandle him! He’s fainted!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A HAG: What call had the redcoat to strike the gentleman and he under the
influence. Let them go and fight the Boers!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE BAWD: Listen to who’s talking! Hasn’t the soldier a right to go with his
girl? He gave him the coward’s blow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(They grab at each other’s hair, claw at each other and spit.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE RETRIEVER: <em>(Barking.)</em> Wow wow wow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shoves them back, loudly.)</em> Get back, stand back!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Tugging his comrade.)</em> Here. Bugger off, Harry. Here’s
the cops! <em>(Two raincaped watch, tall, stand in the group.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: What’s wrong here?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: We were with this lady. And he insulted us. And assaulted my
chum. <em>(The retriever barks.)</em> Who owns the bleeding tyke?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(With expectation.)</em> Is he bleeding!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A MAN: <em>(Rising from his knees.)</em> No. Gone off. He’ll come to all right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Glances sharply at the man.)</em> Leave him to me. I can easily...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: Who are you? Do you know him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Lurches towards the watch.)</em> He insulted my lady friend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Angrily.)</em> You hit him without provocation. I’m a witness.
Constable, take his regimental number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: I don’t want your instructions in the discharge of my duty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Pulling his comrade.)</em> Here, bugger off Harry. Or
Bennett’ll shove you in the lockup.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Staggering as he is pulled away.)</em> God fuck old Bennett.
He’s a whitearsed bugger. I don’t give a shit for him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Takes out his notebook.)</em> What’s his name?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Peering over the crowd.)</em> I just see a car there. If you give me
a hand a second, sergeant...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: Name and address.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Corny Kelleher, weepers round his hat, a death wreath in his hand, appears
among the bystanders.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quickly.)</em> O, the very man! <em>(He whispers.)</em> Simon Dedalus’
son. A bit sprung. Get those policemen to move those loafers back.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: Night, Mr Kelleher.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(To the watch, with drawling eye.)</em> That’s all right. I
know him. Won a bit on the races. Gold cup. Throwaway. <em>(He laughs.)</em>
Twenty to one. Do you follow me?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Turns to the crowd.)</em> Here, what are you all gaping at?
Move on out of that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The crowd disperses slowly, muttering, down the lane.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Leave it to me, sergeant. That’ll be all right. <em>(He laughs,
shaking his head.)</em> We were often as bad ourselves, ay or worse. What? Eh,
what?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Laughs.)</em> I suppose so.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Nudges the second watch.)</em> Come and wipe your name off
the slate. <em>(He lilts, wagging his head.)</em> With my tooraloom tooraloom
tooraloom tooraloom. What, eh, do you follow me?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Genially.)</em> Ah, sure we were too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Winking.)</em> Boys will be boys. I’ve a car round there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: All right, Mr Kelleher. Good night.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: I’ll see to that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shakes hands with both of the watch in turn.)</em> Thank you very
much, gentlemen. Thank you. <em>(He mumbles confidentially.)</em> We don’t want
any scandal, you understand. Father is a wellknown highly respected citizen.
Just a little wild oats, you understand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: O. I understand, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: That’s all right, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FIRST WATCH: It was only in case of corporal injuries I’d have to report it at
the station.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Nods rapidly.)</em> Naturally. Quite right. Only your bounden duty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SECOND WATCH: It’s our duty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Good night, men.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE WATCH: <em>(Saluting together.)</em> Night, gentlemen. <em>(They move off with
slow heavy tread.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Blows.)</em> Providential you came on the scene. You have a car?...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Laughs, pointing his thumb over his right shoulder to the
car brought up against the scaffolding.)</em> Two commercials that were standing
fizz in Jammet’s. Like princes, faith. One of them lost two quid on the race.
Drowning his grief. And were on for a go with the jolly girls. So I landed them
up on Behan’s car and down to nighttown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: I was just going home by Gardiner street when I happened to...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Laughs.)</em> Sure they wanted me to join in with the mots.
No, by God, says I. Not for old stagers like myself and yourself. <em>(He laughs
again and leers with lacklustre eye.)</em> Thanks be to God we have it in the
house, what, eh, do you follow me? Hah, hah, hah!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Tries to laugh.)</em> He, he, he! Yes. Matter of fact I was just
visiting an old friend of mine there, Virag, you don’t know him (poor fellow,
he’s laid up for the past week) and we had a liquor together and I was just
making my way home...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The horse neighs.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HORSE: Hohohohohohoh! Hohohohome!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Sure it was Behan our jarvey there that told me after we left
the two commercials in Mrs Cohen’s and I told him to pull up and got off to
see. <em>(He laughs.)</em> Sober hearsedrivers a speciality. Will I give him a
lift home? Where does he hang out? Somewhere in Cabra, what?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: No, in Sandycove, I believe, from what he let drop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Stephen, prone, breathes to the stars. Corny Kelleher, asquint, drawls at
the horse. Bloom, in gloom, looms down.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Scratches his nape.)</em> Sandycove! <em>(He bends down and
calls to Stephen.)</em> Eh! <em>(He calls again.)</em> Eh! He’s covered with
shavings anyhow. Take care they didn’t lift anything off him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: No, no, no. I have his money and his hat here and stick.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Ah, well, he’ll get over it. No bones broken. Well, I’ll shove
along. <em>(He laughs.)</em> I’ve a rendezvous in the morning. Burying the dead.
Safe home!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>THE HORSE: <em>(Neighs.)</em> Hohohohohome.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Good night. I’ll just wait and take him along in a few...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(Corny Kelleher returns to the outside car and mounts it. The horse harness
jingles.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(From the car, standing.)</em> Night.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Night.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(The jarvey chucks the reins and raises his whip encouragingly. The car and
horse back slowly, awkwardly, and turn. Corny Kelleher on the sideseat sways
his head to and fro in sign of mirth at Bloom’s plight. The jarvey joins in the
mute pantomimic merriment nodding from the farther seat. Bloom shakes his head
in mute mirthful reply. With thumb and palm Corny Kelleher reassures that the
two bobbies will allow the sleep to continue for what else is to be done. With
a slow nod Bloom conveys his gratitude as that is exactly what Stephen needs.
The car jingles tooraloom round the corner of the tooraloom lane. Corny
Kelleher again reassuralooms with his hand. Bloom with his hand assuralooms
Corny Kelleher that he is reassuraloomtay. The tinkling hoofs and jingling
harness grow fainter with their tooralooloo looloo lay. Bloom, holding in his
hand Stephen’s hat, festooned with shavings, and ashplant, stands irresolute.
Then he bends to him and shakes him by the shoulder.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Eh! Ho! <em>(There is no answer; he bends again.)</em> Mr Dedalus!
<em>(There is no answer.)</em> The name if you call. Somnambulist. <em>(He bends
again and, hesitating, brings his mouth near the face of the prostrate
form.)</em> Stephen! <em>(There is no answer. He calls again.)</em> Stephen!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Groans.)</em> Who? Black panther. Vampire. <em>(He sighs and
stretches himself, then murmurs thickly with prolonged vowels.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Who... drive... Fergus now<br/>And pierce... wood’s woven shade?...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He turns on his left side, sighing, doubling himself together.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: Poetry. Well educated. Pity. <em>(He bends again and undoes the buttons
of Stephen’s waistcoat.)</em> To breathe. <em>(He brushes the woodshavings from
Stephen’s clothes with light hand and fingers.)</em> One pound seven. Not hurt
anyhow. <em>(He listens.)</em> What?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Murmurs.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>... shadows... the woods<br/>... white breast...
dim sea.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>(He stretches out his arms, sighs again and curls his body. Bloom, holding
the hat and ashplant, stands erect. A dog barks in the distance. Bloom tightens
and loosens his grip on the ashplant. He looks down on Stephen’s face and
form.)</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Communes with the night.)</em> Face reminds me of his poor mother. In
the shady wood. The deep white breast. Ferguson, I think I caught. A girl. Some
girl. Best thing could happen him. <em>(He murmurs.)</em>... swear that I will
always hail, ever conceal, never reveal, any part or parts, art or arts...
<em>(He murmurs.)</em>... in the rough sands of the sea... a cabletow’s length
from the shore... where the tide ebbs... and flows ...</p>
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<p><em>(Silent, thoughtful, alert he stands on guard, his fingers at his lips in
the attitude of secret master. Against the dark wall a figure appears slowly, a
fairy boy of eleven, a changeling, kidnapped, dressed in an Eton suit with
glass shoes and a little bronze helmet, holding a book in his hand. He reads
from right to left inaudibly, smiling, kissing the page.)</em></p>
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<p>BLOOM: <em>(Wonderstruck, calls inaudibly.)</em> Rudy!</p>
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<p>RUDY: <em>(Gazes, unseeing, into Bloom’s eyes and goes on reading, kissing,
smiling. He has a delicate mauve face. On his suit he has diamond and ruby
buttons. In his free left hand he holds a slim ivory cane with a violet
bowknot. A white lambkin peeps out of his waistcoat pocket.)</em></p>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-21.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-21.htm.html_pgepubid00082" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h2><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-21.htm.html_part03"></span>— III —</h2>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-22.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-22.htm.html_pgepubid00083" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-22.htm.html_chap16"></span>[ 16 ]</h3>
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<p>Preparatory to anything else Mr Bloom brushed off the greater bulk of the
shavings and handed Stephen the hat and ashplant and bucked him up generally in
orthodox Samaritan fashion which he very badly needed. His (Stephen’s) mind was
not exactly what you would call wandering but a bit unsteady and on his
expressed desire for some beverage to drink Mr Bloom in view of the hour it was
and there being no pump of Vartry water available for their ablutions let alone
drinking purposes hit upon an expedient by suggesting, off the reel, the
propriety of the cabman’s shelter, as it was called, hardly a stonesthrow away
near Butt bridge where they might hit upon some drinkables in the shape of a
milk and soda or a mineral. But how to get there was the rub. For the nonce he
was rather nonplussed but inasmuch as the duty plainly devolved upon him to
take some measures on the subject he pondered suitable ways and means during
which Stephen repeatedly yawned. So far as he could see he was rather pale in
the face so that it occurred to him as highly advisable to get a conveyance of
some description which would answer in their then condition, both of them being
e.d.ed, particularly Stephen, always assuming that there was such a thing to be
found. Accordingly after a few such preliminaries as brushing, in spite of his
having forgotten to take up his rather soapsuddy handkerchief after it had done
yeoman service in the shaving line, they both walked together along Beaver
street or, more properly, lane as far as the farrier’s and the distinctly fetid
atmosphere of the livery stables at the corner of Montgomery street where they
made tracks to the left from thence debouching into Amiens street round by the
corner of Dan Bergin’s. But as he confidently anticipated there was not a sign
of a Jehu plying for hire anywhere to be seen except a fourwheeler, probably
engaged by some fellows inside on the spree, outside the North Star hotel and
there was no symptom of its budging a quarter of an inch when Mr Bloom, who was
anything but a professional whistler, endeavoured to hail it by emitting a kind
of a whistle, holding his arms arched over his head, twice.</p>
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<p>This was a quandary but, bringing common sense to bear on it, evidently there
was nothing for it but put a good face on the matter and foot it which they
accordingly did. So, bevelling around by Mullett’s and the Signal House which
they shortly reached, they proceeded perforce in the direction of Amiens street
railway terminus, Mr Bloom being handicapped by the circumstance that one of
the back buttons of his trousers had, to vary the timehonoured adage, gone the
way of all buttons though, entering thoroughly into the spirit of the thing, he
heroically made light of the mischance. So as neither of them were particularly
pressed for time, as it happened, and the temperature refreshing since it
cleared up after the recent visitation of Jupiter Pluvius, they dandered along
past by where the empty vehicle was waiting without a fare or a jarvey. As it
so happened a Dublin United Tramways Company’s sandstrewer happened to be
returning and the elder man recounted to his companion <em>à propos</em> of the
incident his own truly miraculous escape of some little while back. They passed
the main entrance of the Great Northern railway station, the starting point for
Belfast, where of course all traffic was suspended at that late hour and
passing the backdoor of the morgue (a not very enticing locality, not to say
gruesome to a degree, more especially at night) ultimately gained the Dock
Tavern and in due course turned into Store street, famous for its C division
police station. Between this point and the high at present unlit warehouses of
Beresford place Stephen thought to think of Ibsen, associated with Baird’s the
stonecutter’s in his mind somehow in Talbot place, first turning on the right,
while the other who was acting as his <em>fidus Achates</em> inhaled with
internal satisfaction the smell of James Rourke’s city bakery, situated quite
close to where they were, the very palatable odour indeed of our daily bread,
of all commodities of the public the primary and most indispensable. Bread, the
staff of life, earn your bread, O tell me where is fancy bread, at Rourke’s the
baker’s it is said.</p>
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<p><em>En route</em> to his taciturn and, not to put too fine a point on it, not yet
perfectly sober companion Mr Bloom who at all events was in complete possession
of his faculties, never more so, in fact disgustingly sober, spoke a word of
caution <em>re</em> the dangers of nighttown, women of ill fame and swell
mobsmen, which, barely permissible once in a while though not as a habitual
practice, was of the nature of a regular deathtrap for young fellows of his age
particularly if they had acquired drinking habits under the influence of liquor
unless you knew a little jiujitsu for every contingency as even a fellow on the
broad of his back could administer a nasty kick if you didn’t look out. Highly
providential was the appearance on the scene of Corny Kelleher when Stephen was
blissfully unconscious but for that man in the gap turning up at the eleventh
hour the finis might have been that he might have been a candidate for the
accident ward or, failing that, the bridewell and an appearance in the court
next day before Mr Tobias or, he being the solicitor rather, old Wall, he meant
to say, or Mahony which simply spelt ruin for a chap when it got bruited about.
The reason he mentioned the fact was that a lot of those policemen, whom he
cordially disliked, were admittedly unscrupulous in the service of the Crown
and, as Mr Bloom put it, recalling a case or two in the A division in
Clanbrassil street, prepared to swear a hole through a ten gallon pot. Never on
the spot when wanted but in quiet parts of the city, Pembroke road for example,
the guardians of the law were well in evidence, the obvious reason being they
were paid to protect the upper classes. Another thing he commented on was
equipping soldiers with firearms or sidearms of any description liable to go
off at any time which was tantamount to inciting them against civilians should
by any chance they fall out over anything. You frittered away your time, he
very sensibly maintained, and health and also character besides which, the
squandermania of the thing, fast women of the <em>demimonde</em> ran away with a
lot of £. s. d. into the bargain and the greatest danger of all was who you got
drunk with though, touching the much vexed question of stimulants, he relished
a glass of choice old wine in season as both nourishing and bloodmaking and
possessing aperient virtues (notably a good burgundy which he was a staunch
believer in) still never beyond a certain point where he invariably drew the
line as it simply led to trouble all round to say nothing of your being at the
tender mercy of others practically. Most of all he commented adversely on the
desertion of Stephen by all his pubhunting <em>confrères</em> but one, a most
glaring piece of ratting on the part of his brother medicos under all the
circs.</p>
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<p>—And that one was Judas, Stephen said, who up to then had said nothing
whatsoever of any kind.</p>
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<p>Discussing these and kindred topics they made a beeline across the back of the
Customhouse and passed under the Loop Line bridge where a brazier of coke
burning in front of a sentrybox or something like one attracted their rather
lagging footsteps. Stephen of his own accord stopped for no special reason to
look at the heap of barren cobblestones and by the light emanating from the
brazier he could just make out the darker figure of the corporation watchman
inside the gloom of the sentrybox. He began to remember that this had happened
or had been mentioned as having happened before but it cost him no small effort
before he remembered that he recognised in the sentry a <em>quondam</em> friend
of his father’s, Gumley. To avoid a meeting he drew nearer to the pillars of
the railway bridge.</p>
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<p>—Someone saluted you, Mr Bloom said.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A figure of middle height on the prowl evidently under the arches saluted
again, calling:</p>
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<p>—Night!</p>
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<p>Stephen of course started rather dizzily and stopped to return the compliment.
Mr Bloom actuated by motives of inherent delicacy inasmuch as he always
believed in minding his own business moved off but nevertheless remained on the
<em>qui vive</em> with just a shade of anxiety though not funkyish in the least.
Though unusual in the Dublin area he knew that it was not by any means unknown
for desperadoes who had next to nothing to live on to be abroad waylaying and
generally terrorising peaceable pedestrians by placing a pistol at their head
in some secluded spot outside the city proper, famished loiterers of the Thames
embankment category they might be hanging about there or simply marauders ready
to decamp with whatever boodle they could in one fell swoop at a moment’s
notice, your money or your life, leaving you there to point a moral, gagged and
garrotted.</p>
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<p>Stephen, that is when the accosting figure came to close quarters, though he
was not in an over sober state himself recognised Corley’s breath redolent of
rotten cornjuice. Lord John Corley some called him and his genealogy came about
in this wise. He was the eldest son of inspector Corley of the G division,
lately deceased, who had married a certain Katherine Brophy, the daughter of a
Louth farmer. His grandfather Patrick Michael Corley of New Ross had married
the widow of a publican there whose maiden name had been Katherine (also)
Talbot. Rumour had it (though not proved) that she descended from the house of
the lords Talbot de Malahide in whose mansion, really an unquestionably fine
residence of its kind and well worth seeing, her mother or aunt or some
relative, a woman, as the tale went, of extreme beauty, had enjoyed the
distinction of being in service in the washkitchen. This therefore was the
reason why the still comparatively young though dissolute man who now addressed
Stephen was spoken of by some with facetious proclivities as Lord John Corley.</p>
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<p>Taking Stephen on one side he had the customary doleful ditty to tell. Not as
much as a farthing to purchase a night’s lodgings. His friends had all deserted
him. Furthermore he had a row with Lenehan and called him to Stephen a mean
bloody swab with a sprinkling of a number of other uncalledfor expressions. He
was out of a job and implored of Stephen to tell him where on God’s earth he
could get something, anything at all, to do. No, it was the daughter of the
mother in the washkitchen that was fostersister to the heir of the house or
else they were connected through the mother in some way, both occurrences
happening at the same time if the whole thing wasn’t a complete fabrication
from start to finish. Anyhow he was all in.</p>
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<p>—I wouldn’t ask you only, pursued he, on my solemn oath and God knows I’m
on the rocks.</p>
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<p>—There’ll be a job tomorrow or next day, Stephen told him, in a boys’
school at Dalkey for a gentleman usher. Mr Garrett Deasy. Try it. You may
mention my name.</p>
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<p>—Ah, God, Corley replied, sure I couldn’t teach in a school, man. I was
never one of your bright ones, he added with a half laugh. I got stuck twice in
the junior at the christian brothers.</p>
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<p>—I have no place to sleep myself, Stephen informed him.</p>
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<p>Corley at the first go-off was inclined to suspect it was something to do with
Stephen being fired out of his digs for bringing in a bloody tart off the
street. There was a dosshouse in Marlborough street, Mrs Maloney’s, but it was
only a tanner touch and full of undesirables but M’Conachie told him you got a
decent enough do in the Brazen Head over in Winetavern street (which was
distantly suggestive to the person addressed of friar Bacon) for a bob. He was
starving too though he hadn’t said a word about it.</p>
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<p>Though this sort of thing went on every other night or very near it still
Stephen’s feelings got the better of him in a sense though he knew that
Corley’s brandnew rigmarole on a par with the others was hardly deserving of
much credence. However <em>haud ignarus malorum miseris succurrere disco
etcetera</em> as the Latin poet remarks especially as luck would have it he got
paid his screw after every middle of the month on the sixteenth which was the
date of the month as a matter of fact though a good bit of the wherewithal was
demolished. But the cream of the joke was nothing would get it out of Corley’s
head that he was living in affluence and hadn’t a thing to do but hand out the
needful. Whereas. He put his hand in a pocket anyhow not with the idea of
finding any food there but thinking he might lend him anything up to a bob or
so in lieu so that he might endeavour at all events and get sufficient to eat
but the result was in the negative for, to his chagrin, he found his cash
missing. A few broken biscuits were all the result of his investigation. He
tried his hardest to recollect for the moment whether he had lost as well he
might have or left because in that contingency it was not a pleasant lookout,
very much the reverse in fact. He was altogether too fagged out to institute a
thorough search though he tried to recollect. About biscuits he dimly
remembered. Who now exactly gave them he wondered or where was or did he buy.
However in another pocket he came across what he surmised in the dark were
pennies, erroneously however, as it turned out.</p>
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<p>—Those are halfcrowns, man, Corley corrected him.</p>
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<p>And so in point of fact they turned out to be. Stephen anyhow lent him one of
them.</p>
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<p>—Thanks, Corley answered, you’re a gentleman. I’ll pay you back one time.
Who’s that with you? I saw him a few times in the Bleeding Horse in Camden
street with Boylan, the billsticker. You might put in a good word for us to get
me taken on there. I’d carry a sandwichboard only the girl in the office told
me they’re full up for the next three weeks, man. God, you’ve to book ahead,
man, you’d think it was for the Carl Rosa. I don’t give a shite anyway so long
as I get a job, even as a crossing sweeper.</p>
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<p>Subsequently being not quite so down in the mouth after the two and six he got
he informed Stephen about a fellow by the name of Bags Comisky that he said
Stephen knew well out of Fullam’s, the shipchandler’s, bookkeeper there that
used to be often round in Nagle’s back with O’Mara and a little chap with a
stutter the name of Tighe. Anyhow he was lagged the night before last and fined
ten bob for a drunk and disorderly and refusing to go with the constable.</p>
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<p>Mr Bloom in the meanwhile kept dodging about in the vicinity of the
cobblestones near the brazier of coke in front of the corporation watchman’s
sentrybox who evidently a glutton for work, it struck him, was having a quiet
forty winks for all intents and purposes on his own private account while
Dublin slept. He threw an odd eye at the same time now and then at Stephen’s
anything but immaculately attired interlocutor as if he had seen that nobleman
somewhere or other though where he was not in a position to truthfully state
nor had he the remotest idea when. Being a levelheaded individual who could
give points to not a few in point of shrewd observation he also remarked on his
very dilapidated hat and slouchy wearing apparel generally testifying to a
chronic impecuniosity. Palpably he was one of his hangerson but for the matter
of that it was merely a question of one preying on his nextdoor neighbour all
round, in every deep, so to put it, a deeper depth and for the matter of that
if the man in the street chanced to be in the dock himself penal servitude with
or without the option of a fine would be a very <em>rara avis</em> altogether. In
any case he had a consummate amount of cool assurance intercepting people at
that hour of the night or morning. Pretty thick that was certainly.</p>
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<p>The pair parted company and Stephen rejoined Mr Bloom who, with his practised
eye, was not without perceiving that he had succumbed to the blandiloquence of
the other parasite. Alluding to the encounter he said, laughingly, Stephen,
that is:</p>
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<p>—He is down on his luck. He asked me to ask you to ask somebody named
Boylan, a billsticker, to give him a job as a sandwichman.</p>
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<p>At this intelligence, in which he seemingly evinced little interest, Mr Bloom
gazed abstractedly for the space of a half a second or so in the direction of a
bucketdredger, rejoicing in the farfamed name of Eblana, moored alongside
Customhouse quay and quite possibly out of repair, whereupon he observed
evasively:</p>
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<p>—Everybody gets their own ration of luck, they say. Now you mention it
his face was familiar to me. But, leaving that for the moment, how much did you
part with, he queried, if I am not too inquisitive?</p>
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<p>—Half a crown, Stephen responded. I daresay he needs it to sleep
somewhere.</p>
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<p>—Needs! Mr Bloom ejaculated, professing not the least surprise at the
intelligence, I can quite credit the assertion and I guarantee he invariably
does. Everyone according to his needs or everyone according to his deeds. But,
talking about things in general, where, added he with a smile, will you sleep
yourself? Walking to Sandycove is out of the question. And even supposing you
did you won’t get in after what occurred at Westland Row station. Simply fag
out there for nothing. I don’t mean to presume to dictate to you in the
slightest degree but why did you leave your father’s house?</p>
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<p>—To seek misfortune, was Stephen’s answer.</p>
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<p>—I met your respected father on a recent occasion, Mr Bloom
diplomatically returned, today in fact, or to be strictly accurate, on
yesterday. Where does he live at present? I gathered in the course of
conversation that he had moved.</p>
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<p>—I believe he is in Dublin somewhere, Stephen answered unconcernedly.
Why?</p>
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<p>—A gifted man, Mr Bloom said of Mr Dedalus senior, in more respects than
one and a born <em>raconteur</em> if ever there was one. He takes great pride,
quite legitimate, out of you. You could go back perhaps, he hasarded, still
thinking of the very unpleasant scene at Westland Row terminus when it was
perfectly evident that the other two, Mulligan, that is, and that English
tourist friend of his, who eventually euchred their third companion, were
patently trying as if the whole bally station belonged to them to give Stephen
the slip in the confusion, which they did.</p>
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<p>There was no response forthcoming to the suggestion however, such as it was,
Stephen’s mind’s eye being too busily engaged in repicturing his family hearth
the last time he saw it with his sister Dilly sitting by the ingle, her hair
hanging down, waiting for some weak Trinidad shell cocoa that was in the
sootcoated kettle to be done so that she and he could drink it with the
oatmealwater for milk after the Friday herrings they had eaten at two a penny
with an egg apiece for Maggy, Boody and Katey, the cat meanwhile under the
mangle devouring a mess of eggshells and charred fish heads and bones on a
square of brown paper, in accordance with the third precept of the church to
fast and abstain on the days commanded, it being quarter tense or if not, ember
days or something like that.</p>
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<p>—No, Mr Bloom repeated again, I wouldn’t personally repose much trust in
that boon companion of yours who contributes the humorous element, Dr Mulligan,
as a guide, philosopher and friend if I were in your shoes. He knows which side
his bread is buttered on though in all probability he never realised what it is
to be without regular meals. Of course you didn’t notice as much as I did. But
it wouldn’t occasion me the least surprise to learn that a pinch of tobacco or
some narcotic was put in your drink for some ulterior object.</p>
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<p>He understood however from all he heard that Dr Mulligan was a versatile
allround man, by no means confined to medicine only, who was rapidly coming to
the fore in his line and, if the report was verified, bade fair to enjoy a
flourishing practice in the not too distant future as a tony medical
practitioner drawing a handsome fee for his services in addition to which
professional status his rescue of that man from certain drowning by artificial
respiration and what they call first aid at Skerries, or Malahide was it?, was,
he was bound to admit, an exceedingly plucky deed which he could not too highly
praise, so that frankly he was utterly at a loss to fathom what earthly reason
could be at the back of it except he put it down to sheer cussedness or
jealousy, pure and simple.</p>
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<p>—Except it simply amounts to one thing and he is what they call picking
your brains, he ventured to throw out.</p>
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<p>The guarded glance of half solicitude half curiosity augmented by friendliness
which he gave at Stephen’s at present morose expression of features did not
throw a flood of light, none at all in fact on the problem as to whether he had
let himself be badly bamboozled to judge by two or three lowspirited remarks he
let drop or the other way about saw through the affair and for some reason or
other best known to himself allowed matters to more or less. Grinding poverty
did have that effect and he more than conjectured that, high educational
abilities though he possessed, he experienced no little difficulty in making
both ends meet.</p>
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<p>Adjacent to the men’s public urinal they perceived an icecream car round which
a group of presumably Italians in heated altercation were getting rid of
voluble expressions in their vivacious language in a particularly animated way,
there being some little differences between the parties.</p>
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<p>—<em>Puttana madonna, che ci dia i quattrini! Ho ragione? Culo rotto!</em></p>
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<p><em>—Intendiamoci. Mezzo sovrano più...</em></p>
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<p><em>—Dice lui, però!</em></p>
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<p><em>—Mezzo.</em></p>
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<p><em>—Farabutto! Mortacci sui!</em></p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Ma ascolta! Cinque la testa più...</em></p>
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<p>Mr Bloom and Stephen entered the cabman’s shelter, an unpretentious wooden
structure, where, prior to then, he had rarely if ever been before, the former
having previously whispered to the latter a few hints anent the keeper of it
said to be the once famous Skin-the-Goat Fitzharris, the invincible, though he
could not vouch for the actual facts which quite possibly there was not one
vestige of truth in. A few moments later saw our two noctambules safely seated
in a discreet corner only to be greeted by stares from the decidedly
miscellaneous collection of waifs and strays and other nondescript specimens of
the genus <em>homo</em> already there engaged in eating and drinking diversified
by conversation for whom they seemingly formed an object of marked curiosity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Now touching a cup of coffee, Mr Bloom ventured to plausibly suggest to
break the ice, it occurs to me you ought to sample something in the shape of
solid food, say, a roll of some description.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Accordingly his first act was with characteristic <em>sangfroid</em> to order
these commodities quietly. The <em>hoi polloi</em> of jarvies or stevedores or
whatever they were after a cursory examination turned their eyes apparently
dissatisfied, away though one redbearded bibulous individual, portion of whose
hair was greyish, a sailor probably, still stared for some appreciable time
before transferring his rapt attention to the floor. Mr Bloom, availing himself
of the right of free speech, he having just a bowing acquaintance with the
language in dispute, though, to be sure, rather in a quandary over
<em>voglio</em>, remarked to his <em>protégé</em> in an audible tone of voice <em>à
propos</em> of the battle royal in the street which was still raging fast and
furious:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—A beautiful language. I mean for singing purposes. Why do you not write
your poetry in that language? <em>Bella Poetria</em>! It is so melodious and
full. <em>Belladonna. Voglio.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen, who was trying his dead best to yawn if he could, suffering from
lassitude generally, replied:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—To fill the ear of a cow elephant. They were haggling over money.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is that so? Mr Bloom asked. Of course, he subjoined pensively, at the
inward reflection of there being more languages to start with than were
absolutely necessary, it may be only the southern glamour that surrounds it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The keeper of the shelter in the middle of this <em>tête-à-tête</em> put a
boiling swimming cup of a choice concoction labelled coffee on the table and a
rather antediluvian specimen of a bun, or so it seemed. After which he beat a
retreat to his counter, Mr Bloom determining to have a good square look at him
later on so as not to appear to. For which reason he encouraged Stephen to
proceed with his eyes while he did the honours by surreptitiously pushing the
cup of what was temporarily supposed to be called coffee gradually nearer him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Sounds are impostures, Stephen said after a pause of some little time,
like names. Cicero, Podmore, Napoleon, Mr Goodbody. Jesus, Mr Doyle.
Shakespeares were as common as Murphies. What’s in a name?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, to be sure, Mr Bloom unaffectedly concurred. Of course. Our name
was changed too, he added, pushing the socalled roll across.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The redbearded sailor who had his weather eye on the newcomers boarded Stephen,
whom he had singled out for attention in particular, squarely by asking:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And what might your name be?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Just in the nick of time Mr Bloom touched his companion’s boot but Stephen,
apparently disregarding the warm pressure from an unexpected quarter, answered:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Dedalus.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The sailor stared at him heavily from a pair of drowsy baggy eyes, rather
bunged up from excessive use of boose, preferably good old Hollands and water.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You know Simon Dedalus? he asked at length.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’ve heard of him, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom was all at sea for a moment, seeing the others evidently eavesdropping
too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—He’s Irish, the seaman bold affirmed, staring still in much the same way
and nodding. All Irish.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—All too Irish, Stephen rejoined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As for Mr Bloom he could neither make head or tail of the whole business and he
was just asking himself what possible connection when the sailor of his own
accord turned to the other occupants of the shelter with the remark:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I seen him shoot two eggs off two bottles at fifty yards over his
shoulder. The lefthand dead shot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Though he was slightly hampered by an occasional stammer and his gestures being
also clumsy as it was still he did his best to explain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Bottles out there, say. Fifty yards measured. Eggs on the bottles. Cocks
his gun over his shoulder. Aims.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned his body half round, shut up his right eye completely. Then he
screwed his features up someway sideways and glared out into the night with an
unprepossessing cast of countenance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pom! he then shouted once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The entire audience waited, anticipating an additional detonation, there being
still a further egg.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Pom! he shouted twice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Egg two evidently demolished, he nodded and winked, adding bloodthirstily:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>—Buffalo Bill shoots to kill,<br/>Never missed nor he never will.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A silence ensued till Mr Bloom for agreeableness’ sake just felt like asking
him whether it was for a marksmanship competition like the Bisley.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Beg pardon, the sailor said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Long ago? Mr Bloom pursued without flinching a hairsbreadth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why, the sailor replied, relaxing to a certain extent under the magic
influence of diamond cut diamond, it might be a matter of ten years. He toured
the wide world with Hengler’s Royal Circus. I seen him do that in Stockholm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Curious coincidence, Mr Bloom confided to Stephen unobtrusively.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Murphy’s my name, the sailor continued. D. B. Murphy of Carrigaloe. Know
where that is?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Queenstown harbour, Stephen replied.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s right, the sailor said. Fort Camden and Fort Carlisle. That’s
where I hails from. I belongs there. That’s where I hails from. My little
woman’s down there. She’s waiting for me, I know. <em>For England, home and
beauty</em>. She’s my own true wife I haven’t seen for seven years now, sailing
about.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom could easily picture his advent on this scene, the homecoming to the
mariner’s roadside shieling after having diddled Davy Jones, a rainy night with
a blind moon. Across the world for a wife. Quite a number of stories there were
on that particular Alice Ben Bolt topic, Enoch Arden and Rip van Winkle and
does anybody hereabouts remember Caoc O’Leary, a favourite and most trying
declamation piece by the way of poor John Casey and a bit of perfect poetry in
its own small way. Never about the runaway wife coming back, however much
devoted to the absentee. The face at the window! Judge of his astonishment when
he finally did breast the tape and the awful truth dawned upon him anent his
better half, wrecked in his affections. You little expected me but I’ve come to
stay and make a fresh start. There she sits, a grasswidow, at the selfsame
fireside. Believes me dead, rocked in the cradle of the deep. And there sits
uncle Chubb or Tomkin, as the case might be, the publican of the Crown and
Anchor, in shirtsleeves, eating rumpsteak and onions. No chair for father.
Broo! The wind! Her brandnew arrival is on her knee, <em>post mortem</em> child.
With a high ro! and a randy ro! and my galloping tearing tandy, O! Bow to the
inevitable. Grin and bear it. I remain with much love your brokenhearted
husband W. B. Murphy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The sailor, who scarcely seemed to be a Dublin resident, turned to one of the
jarvies with the request:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You don’t happen to have such a thing as a spare chaw about you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The jarvey addressed as it happened had not but the keeper took a die of plug
from his good jacket hanging on a nail and the desired object was passed from
hand to hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Thank you, the sailor said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He deposited the quid in his gob and, chewing and with some slow stammers,
proceeded:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We come up this morning eleven o’clock. The threemaster <em>Rosevean</em>
from Bridgwater with bricks. I shipped to get over. Paid off this afternoon.
There’s my discharge. See? D. B. Murphy. A. B. S.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In confirmation of which statement he extricated from an inside pocket and
handed to his neighbour a not very cleanlooking folded document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You must have seen a fair share of the world, the keeper remarked,
leaning on the counter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why, the sailor answered upon reflection upon it, I’ve circumnavigated a
bit since I first joined on. I was in the Red Sea. I was in China and North
America and South America. We was chased by pirates one voyage. I seen icebergs
plenty, growlers. I was in Stockholm and the Black Sea, the Dardanelles under
Captain Dalton, the best bloody man that ever scuttled a ship. I seen Russia.
<em>Gospodi pomilyou</em>. That’s how the Russians prays.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You seen queer sights, don’t be talking, put in a jarvey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why, the sailor said, shifting his partially chewed plug. I seen queer
things too, ups and downs. I seen a crocodile bite the fluke of an anchor same
as I chew that quid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He took out of his mouth the pulpy quid and, lodging it between his teeth, bit
ferociously:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Khaan! Like that. And I seen maneaters in Peru that eats corpses and the
livers of horses. Look here. Here they are. A friend of mine sent me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He fumbled out a picture postcard from his inside pocket which seemed to be in
its way a species of repository and pushed it along the table. The printed
matter on it stated: <em>Choza de Indios. Beni, Bolivia.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All focussed their attention at the scene exhibited, a group of savage women in
striped loincloths, squatted, blinking, suckling, frowning, sleeping amid a
swarm of infants (there must have been quite a score of them) outside some
primitive shanties of osier.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Chews coca all day, the communicative tarpaulin added. Stomachs like
breadgraters. Cuts off their diddies when they can’t bear no more children.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See them sitting there stark ballocknaked eating a dead horse’s liver raw.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His postcard proved a centre of attraction for Messrs the greenhorns for
several minutes if not more.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Know how to keep them off? he inquired generally.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nobody volunteering a statement he winked, saying:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Glass. That boggles ’em. Glass.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom, without evincing surprise, unostentatiously turned over the card to
peruse the partially obliterated address and postmark. It ran as follows:
<em>Tarjeta Postal, Señor A Boudin, Galeria Becche, Santiago, Chile.</em> There
was no message evidently, as he took particular notice. Though not an implicit
believer in the lurid story narrated (or the eggsniping transaction for that
matter despite William Tell and the Lazarillo-Don Cesar de Bazan incident
depicted in <em>Maritana</em> on which occasion the former’s ball passed through
the latter’s hat) having detected a discrepancy between his name (assuming he
was the person he represented himself to be and not sailing under false colours
after having boxed the compass on the strict q.t. somewhere) and the fictitious
addressee of the missive which made him nourish some suspicions of our friend’s
<em>bona fides</em> nevertheless it reminded him in a way of a longcherished plan
he meant to one day realise some Wednesday or Saturday of travelling to London
<em>via</em> long sea not to say that he had ever travelled extensively to any
great extent but he was at heart a born adventurer though by a trick of fate he
had consistently remained a landlubber except you call going to Holyhead which
was his longest. Martin Cunningham frequently said he would work a pass through
Egan but some deuced hitch or other eternally cropped up with the net result
that the scheme fell through. But even suppose it did come to planking down the
needful and breaking Boyd’s heart it was not so dear, purse permitting, a few
guineas at the outside considering the fare to Mullingar where he figured on
going was five and six, there and back. The trip would benefit health on
account of the bracing ozone and be in every way thoroughly pleasurable,
especially for a chap whose liver was out of order, seeing the different places
along the route, Plymouth, Falmouth, Southampton and so on culminating in an
instructive tour of the sights of the great metropolis, the spectacle of our
modern Babylon where doubtless he would see the greatest improvement, tower,
abbey, wealth of Park lane to renew acquaintance with. Another thing just
struck him as a by no means bad notion was he might have a gaze around on the
spot to see about trying to make arrangements about a concert tour of summer
music embracing the most prominent pleasure resorts, Margate with mixed bathing
and firstrate hydros and spas, Eastbourne, Scarborough, Margate and so on,
beautiful Bournemouth, the Channel islands and similar bijou spots, which might
prove highly remunerative. Not, of course, with a hole and corner scratch
company or local ladies on the job, witness Mrs C P M’Coy type lend me your
valise and I’ll post you the ticket. No, something top notch, an all star Irish
caste, the Tweedy-Flower grand opera company with his own legal consort as
leading lady as a sort of counterblast to the Elster Grimes and Moody-Manners,
perfectly simple matter and he was quite sanguine of success, providing puffs
in the local papers could be managed by some fellow with a bit of bounce who
could pull the indispensable wires and thus combine business with pleasure. But
who? That was the rub.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Also, without being actually positive, it struck him a great field was to be
opened up in the line of opening up new routes to keep pace with the times
<em>apropos</em> of the Fishguard-Rosslare route which, it was mooted, was once
more on the <em>tapis</em> in the circumlocution departments with the usual
quantity of red tape and dillydallying of effete fogeydom and dunderheads
generally. A great opportunity there certainly was for push and enterprise to
meet the travelling needs of the public at large, the average man, i.e. Brown,
Robinson and Co.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was a subject of regret and absurd as well on the face of it and no small
blame to our vaunted society that the man in the street, when the system really
needed toning up, for the matter of a couple of paltry pounds was debarred from
seeing more of the world they lived in instead of being always and ever cooped
up since my old stick-in-the-mud took me for a wife. After all, hang it, they
had their eleven and more humdrum months of it and merited a radical change of
<em>venue</em> after the grind of city life in the summertime for choice when
dame Nature is at her spectacular best constituting nothing short of a new
lease of life. There were equally excellent opportunities for vacationists in
the home island, delightful sylvan spots for rejuvenation, offering a plethora
of attractions as well as a bracing tonic for the system in and around Dublin
and its picturesque environs even, Poulaphouca to which there was a steamtram,
but also farther away from the madding crowd in Wicklow, rightly termed the
garden of Ireland, an ideal neighbourhood for elderly wheelmen so long as it
didn’t come down, and in the wilds of Donegal where if report spoke true the
<em>coup d’œil</em> was exceedingly grand though the lastnamed locality was not
easily getatable so that the influx of visitors was not as yet all that it
might be considering the signal benefits to be derived from it while Howth with
its historic associations and otherwise, Silken Thomas, Grace O’Malley, George
IV, rhododendrons several hundred feet above sealevel was a favourite haunt
with all sorts and conditions of men especially in the spring when young men’s
fancy, though it had its own toll of deaths by falling off the cliffs by design
or accidentally, usually, by the way, on their left leg, it being only about
three quarters of an hour’s run from the pillar. Because of course uptodate
tourist travelling was as yet merely in its infancy, so to speak, and the
accommodation left much to be desired. Interesting to fathom it seemed to him
from a motive of curiosity, pure and simple, was whether it was the traffic
that created the route or viceversa or the two sides in fact. He turned back
the other side of the card, picture, and passed it along to Stephen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I seen a Chinese one time, related the doughty narrator, that had little
pills like putty and he put them in the water and they opened and every pill
was something different. One was a ship, another was a house, another was a
flower. Cooks rats in your soup, he appetisingly added, the chinks does.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Possibly perceiving an expression of dubiosity on their faces the globetrotter
went on, adhering to his adventures.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And I seen a man killed in Trieste by an Italian chap. Knife in his
back. Knife like that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Whilst speaking he produced a dangerouslooking claspknife quite in keeping with
his character and held it in the striking position.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—In a knockingshop it was count of a tryon between two smugglers. Fellow
hid behind a door, come up behind him. Like that. <em>Prepare to meet your
God</em>, says he. Chuk! It went into his back up to the butt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His heavy glance drowsily roaming about kind of defied their further questions
even should they by any chance want to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s a good bit of steel, repeated he, examining his formidable
<em>stiletto</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After which harrowing <em>dénouement</em> sufficient to appal the stoutest he
snapped the blade to and stowed the weapon in question away as before in his
chamber of horrors, otherwise pocket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They’re great for the cold steel, somebody who was evidently quite in
the dark said for the benefit of them all. That was why they thought the park
murders of the invincibles was done by foreigners on account of them using
knives.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At this remark passed obviously in the spirit of <em>where ignorance is
bliss</em> Mr B. and Stephen, each in his own particular way, both instinctively
exchanged meaning glances, in a religious silence of the strictly <em>entre
nous</em> variety however, towards where Skin-the-Goat, <em>alias</em> the keeper,
not turning a hair, was drawing spurts of liquid from his boiler affair. His
inscrutable face which was really a work of art, a perfect study in itself,
beggaring description, conveyed the impression that he didn’t understand one
jot of what was going on. Funny, very!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There ensued a somewhat lengthy pause. One man was reading in fits and starts a
stained by coffee evening journal, another the card with the natives <em>choza
de</em>, another the seaman’s discharge. Mr Bloom, so far as he was personally
concerned, was just pondering in pensive mood. He vividly recollected when the
occurrence alluded to took place as well as yesterday, roughly some score of
years previously in the days of the land troubles, when it took the civilised
world by storm, figuratively speaking, early in the eighties, eightyone to be
correct, when he was just turned fifteen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, boss, the sailor broke in. Give us back them papers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The request being complied with he clawed them up with a scrape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Have you seen the rock of Gibraltar? Mr Bloom inquired.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The sailor grimaced, chewing, in a way that might be read as yes, ay or no.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ah, you’ve touched there too, Mr Bloom said, Europa point, thinking he
had, in the hope that the rover might possibly by some reminiscences but he
failed to do so, simply letting spirt a jet of spew into the sawdust, and shook
his head with a sort of lazy scorn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What year would that be about? Mr B interrogated. Can you recall the
boats?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Our <em>soi-disant</em> sailor munched heavily awhile hungrily before answering:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I’m tired of all them rocks in the sea, he said, and boats and ships.
Salt junk all the time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tired seemingly, he ceased. His questioner perceiving that he was not likely to
get a great deal of change out of such a wily old customer, fell to
woolgathering on the enormous dimensions of the water about the globe, suffice
it to say that, as a casual glance at the map revealed, it covered fully three
fourths of it and he fully realised accordingly what it meant to rule the
waves. On more than one occasion, a dozen at the lowest, near the North Bull at
Dollymount he had remarked a superannuated old salt, evidently derelict, seated
habitually near the not particularly redolent sea on the wall, staring quite
obliviously at it and it at him, dreaming of fresh woods and pastures new as
someone somewhere sings. And it left him wondering why. Possibly he had tried
to find out the secret for himself, floundering up and down the antipodes and
all that sort of thing and over and under, well, not exactly under, tempting
the fates. And the odds were twenty to nil there was really no secret about it
at all. Nevertheless, without going into the <em>minutiae</em> of the business,
the eloquent fact remained that the sea was there in all its glory and in the
natural course of things somebody or other had to sail on it and fly in the
face of providence though it merely went to show how people usually contrived
to load that sort of onus on to the other fellow like the hell idea and the
lottery and insurance which were run on identically the same lines so that for
that very reason if no other lifeboat Sunday was a highly laudable institution
to which the public at large, no matter where living inland or seaside, as the
case might be, having it brought home to them like that should extend its
gratitude also to the harbourmasters and coastguard service who had to man the
rigging and push off and out amid the elements whatever the season when duty
called <em>Ireland expects that every man</em> and so on and sometimes had a
terrible time of it in the wintertime not forgetting the Irish lights, Kish and
others, liable to capsize at any moment, rounding which he once with his
daughter had experienced some remarkably choppy, not to say stormy, weather.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There was a fellow sailed with me in the <em>Rover</em>, the old seadog,
himself a rover, proceeded, went ashore and took up a soft job as gentleman’s
valet at six quid a month. Them are his trousers I’ve on me and he gave me an
oilskin and that jackknife. I’m game for that job, shaving and brushup. I hate
roaming about. There’s my son now, Danny, run off to sea and his mother got him
took in a draper’s in Cork where he could be drawing easy money.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What age is he? queried one hearer who, by the way, seen from the side,
bore a distant resemblance to Henry Campbell, the townclerk, away from the
carking cares of office, unwashed of course and in a seedy getup and a strong
suspicion of nosepaint about the nasal appendage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why, the sailor answered with a slow puzzled utterance, my son, Danny?
He’d be about eighteen now, way I figure it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Skibbereen father hereupon tore open his grey or unclean anyhow shirt with
his two hands and scratched away at his chest on which was to be seen an image
tattooed in blue Chinese ink intended to represent an anchor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There was lice in that bunk in Bridgwater, he remarked, sure as nuts. I
must get a wash tomorrow or next day. It’s them black lads I objects to. I hate
those buggers. Suck your blood dry, they does.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Seeing they were all looking at his chest he accommodatingly dragged his shirt
more open so that on top of the timehonoured symbol of the mariner’s hope and
rest they had a full view of the figure 16 and a young man’s sideface looking
frowningly rather.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Tattoo, the exhibitor explained. That was done when we were lying
becalmed off Odessa in the Black Sea under Captain Dalton. Fellow, the name of
Antonio, done that. There he is himself, a Greek.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Did it hurt much doing it? one asked the sailor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That worthy, however, was busily engaged in collecting round the. Someway in
his. Squeezing or.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—See here, he said, showing Antonio. There he is cursing the mate. And
there he is now, he added, the same fellow, pulling the skin with his fingers,
some special knack evidently, and he laughing at a yarn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And in point of fact the young man named Antonio’s livid face did actually look
like forced smiling and the curious effect excited the unreserved admiration of
everybody including Skin-the-Goat, who this time stretched over.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, ay, sighed the sailor, looking down on his manly chest. He’s gone
too. Ate by sharks after. Ay, ay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He let go of the skin so that the profile resumed the normal expression of
before.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Neat bit of work, one longshoreman said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And what’s the number for? loafer number two queried.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Eaten alive? a third asked the sailor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, ay, sighed again the latter personage, more cheerily this time with
some sort of a half smile for a brief duration only in the direction of the
questioner about the number. Ate. A Greek he was.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And then he added with rather gallowsbird humour considering his alleged end:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—As bad as old Antonio,<br/>For he left me on my ownio.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The face of a streetwalker glazed and haggard under a black straw hat peered
askew round the door of the shelter palpably reconnoitring on her own with the
object of bringing more grist to her mill. Mr Bloom, scarcely knowing which way
to look, turned away on the moment flusterfied but outwardly calm, and, picking
up from the table the pink sheet of the Abbey street organ which the jarvey, if
such he was, had laid aside, he picked it up and looked at the pink of the
paper though why pink. His reason for so doing was he recognised on the moment
round the door the same face he had caught a fleeting glimpse of that afternoon
on Ormond quay, the partially idiotic female, namely, of the lane who knew the
lady in the brown costume does be with you (Mrs B.) and begged the chance of
his washing. Also why washing which seemed rather vague than not, your washing.
Still candour compelled him to admit he had washed his wife’s undergarments
when soiled in Holles street and women would and did too a man’s similar
garments initialled with Bewley and Draper’s marking ink (hers were, that is)
if they really loved him, that is to say, love me, love my dirty shirt. Still
just then, being on tenterhooks, he desired the female’s room more than her
company so it came as a genuine relief when the keeper made her a rude sign to
take herself off. Round the side of the <em>Evening Telegraph</em> he just caught
a fleeting glimpse of her face round the side of the door with a kind of
demented glassy grin showing that she was not exactly all there, viewing with
evident amusement the group of gazers round skipper Murphy’s nautical chest and
then there was no more of her.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The gunboat, the keeper said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It beats me, Mr Bloom confided to Stephen, medically I am speaking, how
a wretched creature like that from the Lock hospital reeking with disease can
be barefaced enough to solicit or how any man in his sober senses, if he values
his health in the least. Unfortunate creature! Of course I suppose some man is
ultimately responsible for her condition. Still no matter what the cause is
from...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen had not noticed her and shrugged his shoulders, merely remarking:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—In this country people sell much more than she ever had and do a roaring
trade. Fear not them that sell the body but have not power to buy the soul. She
is a bad merchant. She buys dear and sells cheap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The elder man, though not by any manner of means an old maid or a prude, said
it was nothing short of a crying scandal that ought to be put a stop to
<em>instanter</em> to say that women of that stamp (quite apart from any
oldmaidish squeamishness on the subject), a necessary evil, were not licensed
and medically inspected by the proper authorities, a thing, he could truthfully
state, he, as a <em>paterfamilias</em>, was a stalwart advocate of from the very
first start. Whoever embarked on a policy of the sort, he said, and ventilated
the matter thoroughly would confer a lasting boon on everybody concerned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You as a good catholic, he observed, talking of body and soul, believe
in the soul. Or do you mean the intelligence, the brainpower as such, as
distinct from any outside object, the table, let us say, that cup. I believe in
that myself because it has been explained by competent men as the convolutions
of the grey matter. Otherwise we would never have such inventions as X rays,
for instance. Do you?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Thus cornered, Stephen had to make a superhuman effort of memory to try and
concentrate and remember before he could say:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They tell me on the best authority it is a simple substance and
therefore incorruptible. It would be immortal, I understand, but for the
possibility of its annihilation by its First Cause Who, from all I can hear, is
quite capable of adding that to the number of His other practical jokes,
<em>corruptio per se</em> and <em>corruptio per accidens</em> both being excluded
by court etiquette.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom thoroughly acquiesced in the general gist of this though the mystical
finesse involved was a bit out of his sublunary depth still he felt bound to
enter a demurrer on the head of simple, promptly rejoining:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Simple? I shouldn’t think that is the proper word. Of course, I grant
you, to concede a point, you do knock across a simple soul once in a blue moon.
But what I am anxious to arrive at is it is one thing for instance to invent
those rays Röntgen did or the telescope like Edison, though I believe it was
before his time Galileo was the man, I mean, and the same applies to the laws,
for example, of a farreaching natural phenomenon such as electricity but it’s a
horse of quite another colour to say you believe in the existence of a
supernatural God.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—O that, Stephen expostulated, has been proved conclusively by several of
the bestknown passages in Holy Writ, apart from circumstantial evidence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On this knotty point however the views of the pair, poles apart as they were
both in schooling and everything else with the marked difference in their
respective ages, clashed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Has been? the more experienced of the two objected, sticking to his
original point with a smile of unbelief. I’m not so sure about that. That’s a
matter for everyman’s opinion and, without dragging in the sectarian side of
the business, I beg to differ with you <em>in toto</em> there. My belief is, to
tell you the candid truth, that those bits were genuine forgeries all of them
put in by monks most probably or it’s the big question of our national poet
over again, who precisely wrote them like <em>Hamlet</em> and Bacon, as, you who
know your Shakespeare infinitely better than I, of course I needn’t tell you.
Can’t you drink that coffee, by the way? Let me stir it. And take a piece of
that bun. It’s like one of our skipper’s bricks disguised. Still no-one can
give what he hasn’t got. Try a bit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Couldn’t, Stephen contrived to get out, his mental organs for the moment
refusing to dictate further.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Faultfinding being a proverbially bad hat Mr Bloom thought well to stir or try
to the clotted sugar from the bottom and reflected with something approaching
acrimony on the Coffee Palace and its temperance (and lucrative) work. To be
sure it was a legitimate object and beyond yea or nay did a world of good,
shelters such as the present one they were in run on teetotal lines for
vagrants at night, concerts, dramatic evenings and useful lectures (admittance
free) by qualified men for the lower orders. On the other hand he had a
distinct and painful recollection they paid his wife, Madam Marion Tweedy who
had been prominently associated with it at one time, a very modest remuneration
indeed for her pianoplaying. The idea, he was strongly inclined to believe, was
to do good and net a profit, there being no competition to speak of. Sulphate
of copper poison SO<sub>4</sub> or something in some dried peas he remembered
reading of in a cheap eatinghouse somewhere but he couldn’t remember when it
was or where. Anyhow inspection, medical inspection, of all eatables seemed to
him more than ever necessary which possibly accounted for the vogue of Dr
Tibble’s Vi-Cocoa on account of the medical analysis involved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Have a shot at it now, he ventured to say of the coffee after being
stirred.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Thus prevailed on to at any rate taste it Stephen lifted the heavy mug from the
brown puddle it clopped out of when taken up by the handle and took a sip of
the offending beverage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Still it’s solid food, his good genius urged, I’m a stickler for solid
food, his one and only reason being not gormandising in the least but regular
meals as the <em>sine qua non</em> for any kind of proper work, mental or manual.
You ought to eat more solid food. You would feel a different man.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Liquids I can eat, Stephen said. But O, oblige me by taking away that
knife. I can’t look at the point of it. It reminds me of Roman history.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mr Bloom promptly did as suggested and removed the incriminated article, a
blunt hornhandled ordinary knife with nothing particularly Roman or antique
about it to the lay eye, observing that the point was the least conspicuous
point about it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Our mutual friend’s stories are like himself, Mr Bloom <em>apropos</em> of
knives remarked to his <em>confidante sotto voce</em>. Do you think they are
genuine? He could spin those yarns for hours on end all night long and lie like
old boots. Look at him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yet still though his eyes were thick with sleep and sea air life was full of a
host of things and coincidences of a terrible nature and it was quite within
the bounds of possibility that it was not an entire fabrication though at first
blush there was not much inherent probability in all the spoof he got off his
chest being strictly accurate gospel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He had been meantime taking stock of the individual in front of him and
Sherlockholmesing him up ever since he clapped eyes on him. Though a
wellpreserved man of no little stamina, if a trifle prone to baldness, there
was something spurious in the cut of his jib that suggested a jail delivery and
it required no violent stretch of imagination to associate such a weirdlooking
specimen with the oakum and treadmill fraternity. He might even have done for
his man supposing it was his own case he told, as people often did about
others, namely, that he killed him himself and had served his four or five
goodlooking years in durance vile to say nothing of the Antonio personage (no
relation to the dramatic personage of identical name who sprang from the pen of
our national poet) who expiated his crimes in the melodramatic manner above
described. On the other hand he might be only bluffing, a pardonable weakness
because meeting unmistakable mugs, Dublin residents, like those jarvies waiting
news from abroad would tempt any ancient mariner who sailed the ocean seas to
draw the long bow about the schooner <em>Hesperus</em> and etcetera. And when all
was said and done the lies a fellow told about himself couldn’t probably hold a
proverbial candle to the wholesale whoppers other fellows coined about him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mind you, I’m not saying that it’s all a pure invention, he resumed.
Analogous scenes are occasionally, if not often, met with. Giants, though that
is rather a far cry, you see once in a way, Marcella the midget queen. In those
waxworks in Henry street I myself saw some Aztecs, as they are called, sitting
bowlegged, they couldn’t straighten their legs if you paid them because the
muscles here, you see, he proceeded, indicating on his companion the brief
outline of the sinews or whatever you like to call them behind the right knee,
were utterly powerless from sitting that way so long cramped up, being adored
as gods. There’s an example again of simple souls.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>However reverting to friend Sinbad and his horrifying adventures (who reminded
him a bit of Ludwig, <em>alias</em> Ledwidge, when he occupied the boards of the
Gaiety when Michael Gunn was identified with the management in the <em>Flying
Dutchman</em>, a stupendous success, and his host of admirers came in large
numbers, everyone simply flocking to hear him though ships of any sort, phantom
or the reverse, on the stage usually fell a bit flat as also did trains) there
was nothing intrinsically incompatible about it, he conceded. On the contrary
that stab in the back touch was quite in keeping with those italianos though
candidly he was none the less free to admit those icecreamers and friers in the
fish way not to mention the chip potato variety and so forth over in little
Italy there near the Coombe were sober thrifty hardworking fellows except
perhaps a bit too given to pothunting the harmless necessary animal of the
feline persuasion of others at night so as to have a good old succulent tuckin
with garlic <em>de rigueur</em> off him or her next day on the quiet and, he
added, on the cheap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Spaniards, for instance, he continued, passionate temperaments like
that, impetuous as Old Nick, are given to taking the law into their own hands
and give you your quietus doublequick with those poignards they carry in the
abdomen. It comes from the great heat, climate generally. My wife is, so to
speak, Spanish, half that is. Point of fact she could actually claim Spanish
nationality if she wanted, having been born in (technically) Spain, i.e.
Gibraltar. She has the Spanish type. Quite dark, regular brunette, black. I for
one certainly believe climate accounts for character. That’s why I asked you if
you wrote your poetry in Italian.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The temperaments at the door, Stephen interposed with, were very
passionate about ten shillings. <em>Roberto ruba roba sua</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Quite so, Mr Bloom dittoed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Then, Stephen said staring and rambling on to himself or some unknown
listener somewhere, we have the impetuosity of Dante and the isosceles triangle
miss Portinari he fell in love with and Leonardo and san Tommaso Mastino.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It’s in the blood, Mr Bloom acceded at once. All are washed in the blood
of the sun. Coincidence I just happened to be in the Kildare street museum
today, shortly prior to our meeting if I can so call it, and I was just looking
at those antique statues there. The splendid proportions of hips, bosom. You
simply don’t knock against those kind of women here. An exception here and
there. Handsome yes, pretty in a way you find but what I’m talking about is the
female form. Besides they have so little taste in dress, most of them, which
greatly enhances a woman’s natural beauty, no matter what you say. Rumpled
stockings, it may be, possibly is, a foible of mine but still it’s a thing I
simply hate to see.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Interest, however, was starting to flag somewhat all round and then the others
got on to talking about accidents at sea, ships lost in a fog, collisions with
icebergs, all that sort of thing. Shipahoy of course had his own say to say. He
had doubled the cape a few odd times and weathered a monsoon, a kind of wind,
in the China seas and through all those perils of the deep there was one thing,
he declared, stood to him or words to that effect, a pious medal he had that
saved him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So then after that they drifted on to the wreck off Daunt’s rock, wreck of that
illfated Norwegian barque nobody could think of her name for the moment till
the jarvey who had really quite a look of Henry Campbell remembered it
<em>Palme</em> on Booterstown strand. That was the talk of the town that year
(Albert William Quill wrote a fine piece of original verse of distinctive merit
on the topic for the Irish <em>Times</em>), breakers running over her and crowds
and crowds on the shore in commotion petrified with horror. Then someone said
something about the case of the s. s. <em>Lady Cairns</em> of Swansea run into by
the <em>Mona</em> which was on an opposite tack in rather muggyish weather and
lost with all hands on deck. No aid was given. Her master, the <em>Mona</em>’s,
said he was afraid his collision bulkhead would give way. She had no water, it
appears, in her hold.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At this stage an incident happened. It having become necessary for him to
unfurl a reef the sailor vacated his seat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Let me cross your bows mate, he said to his neighbour who was just
gently dropping off into a peaceful doze.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He made tracks heavily, slowly with a dumpy sort of a gait to the door, stepped
heavily down the one step there was out of the shelter and bore due left. While
he was in the act of getting his bearings Mr Bloom who noticed when he stood up
that he had two flasks of presumably ship’s rum sticking one out of each pocket
for the private consumption of his burning interior, saw him produce a bottle
and uncork it or unscrew and, applying its nozzle to his lips, take a good old
delectable swig out of it with a gurgling noise. The irrepressible Bloom, who
also had a shrewd suspicion that the old stager went out on a manœuvre after
the counterattraction in the shape of a female who however had disappeared to
all intents and purposes, could by straining just perceive him, when duly
refreshed by his rum puncheon exploit, gaping up at the piers and girders of
the Loop line rather out of his depth as of course it was all radically altered
since his last visit and greatly improved. Some person or persons invisible
directed him to the male urinal erected by the cleansing committee all over the
place for the purpose but after a brief space of time during which silence
reigned supreme the sailor, evidently giving it a wide berth, eased himself
closer at hand, the noise of his bilgewater some little time subsequently
splashing on the ground where it apparently awoke a horse of the cabrank. A
hoof scooped anyway for new foothold after sleep and harness jingled. Slightly
disturbed in his sentrybox by the brazier of live coke the watcher of the
corporation stones who, though now broken down and fast breaking up, was none
other in stern reality than the Gumley aforesaid, now practically on the parish
rates, given the temporary job by Pat Tobin in all human probability from
dictates of humanity knowing him before shifted about and shuffled in his box
before composing his limbs again in to the arms of Morpheus, a truly amazing
piece of hard lines in its most virulent form on a fellow most respectably
connected and familiarised with decent home comforts all his life who came in
for a cool £ 100 a year at one time which of course the doublebarrelled ass
proceeded to make general ducks and drakes of. And there he was at the end of
his tether after having often painted the town tolerably pink without a
beggarly stiver. He drank needless to be told and it pointed only once more a
moral when he might quite easily be in a large way of business if—a big
if, however—he had contrived to cure himself of his particular
partiality.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All meantime were loudly lamenting the falling off in Irish shipping, coastwise
and foreign as well, which was all part and parcel of the same thing. A
Palgrave Murphy boat was put off the ways at Alexandra basin, the only launch
that year. Right enough the harbours were there only no ships ever called.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There were wrecks and wreckers, the keeper said, who was evidently <em>au
fait</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What he wanted to ascertain was why that ship ran bang against the only rock in
Galway bay when the Galway harbour scheme was mooted by a Mr Worthington or
some name like that, eh? Ask the then captain, he advised them, how much
palmoil the British government gave him for that day’s work, Captain John Lever
of the Lever Line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Am I right, skipper? he queried of the sailor, now returning after his
private potation and the rest of his exertions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That worthy picking up the scent of the fagend of the song or words growled in
wouldbe music but with great vim some kind of chanty or other in seconds or
thirds. Mr Bloom’s sharp ears heard him then expectorate the plug probably
(which it was), so that he must have lodged it for the time being in his fist
while he did the drinking and making water jobs and found it a bit sour after
the liquid fire in question. Anyhow in he rolled after his successful
libation-<em>cum</em>-potation, introducing an atmosphere of drink into the
<em>soirée</em>, boisterously trolling, like a veritable son of a seacook:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The biscuits was as hard as brass<br/>And the beef as salt as Lot’s wife’s arse.<br/>O, Johnny Lever!<br/>Johnny Lever, O!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After which effusion the redoubtable specimen duly arrived on the scene and
regaining his seat he sank rather than sat heavily on the form provided.
Skin-the-Goat, assuming he was he, evidently with an axe to grind, was airing
his grievances in a forcible-feeble philippic anent the natural resources of
Ireland or something of that sort which he described in his lengthy
dissertation as the richest country bar none on the face of God’s earth, far
and away superior to England, with coal in large quantities, six million pounds
worth of pork exported every year, ten millions between butter and eggs and all
the riches drained out of it by England levying taxes on the poor people that
paid through the nose always and gobbling up the best meat in the market and a
lot more surplus steam in the same vein. Their conversation accordingly became
general and all agreed that that was a fact. You could grow any mortal thing in
Irish soil, he stated, and there was that colonel Everard down there in Navan
growing tobacco. Where would you find anywhere the like of Irish bacon? But a
day of reckoning, he stated <em>crescendo</em> with no uncertain voice,
thoroughly monopolising all the conversation, was in store for mighty England,
despite her power of pelf on account of her crimes. There would be a fall and
the greatest fall in history. The Germans and the Japs were going to have their
little lookin, he affirmed. The Boers were the beginning of the end. Brummagem
England was toppling already and her downfall would be Ireland, her Achilles
heel, which he explained to them about the vulnerable point of Achilles, the
Greek hero, a point his auditors at once seized as he completely gripped their
attention by showing the tendon referred to on his boot. His advice to every
Irishman was: stay in the land of your birth and work for Ireland and live for
Ireland. Ireland, Parnell said, could not spare a single one of her sons.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Silence all round marked the termination of his <em>finale</em>. The impervious
navigator heard these lurid tidings, undismayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Take a bit of doing, boss, retaliated that rough diamond palpably a bit
peeved in response to the foregoing truism.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To which cold douche referring to downfall and so on the keeper concurred but
nevertheless held to his main view.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who’s the best troops in the army? the grizzled old veteran irately
interrogated. And the best jumpers and racers? And the best admirals and
generals we’ve got? Tell me that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The Irish, for choice, retorted the cabby like Campbell, facial
blemishes apart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That’s right, the old tarpaulin corroborated. The Irish catholic
peasant. He’s the backbone of our empire. You know Jem Mullins?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>While allowing him his individual opinions as everyman the keeper added he
cared nothing for any empire, ours or his, and considered no Irishman worthy of
his salt that served it. Then they began to have a few irascible words when it
waxed hotter, both, needless to say, appealing to the listeners who followed
the passage of arms with interest so long as they didn’t indulge in
recriminations and come to blows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From inside information extending over a series of years Mr Bloom was rather
inclined to poohpooh the suggestion as egregious balderdash for, pending that
consummation devoutly to be or not to be wished for, he was fully cognisant of
the fact that their neighbours across the channel, unless they were much bigger
fools than he took them for, rather concealed their strength than the opposite.
It was quite on a par with the quixotic idea in certain quarters that in a
hundred million years the coal seam of the sister island would be played out
and if, as time went on, that turned out to be how the cat jumped all he could
personally say on the matter was that as a host of contingencies, equally
relevant to the issue, might occur ere then it was highly advisable in the
interim to try to make the most of both countries even though poles apart.
Another little interesting point, the amours of whores and chummies, to put it
in common parlance, reminded him Irish soldiers had as often fought for England
as against her, more so, in fact. And now, why? So the scene between the pair
of them, the licensee of the place rumoured to be or have been Fitzharris, the
famous invincible, and the other, obviously bogus, reminded him forcibly as
being on all fours with the confidence trick, supposing, that is, it was
prearranged as the lookeron, a student of the human soul if anything, the
others seeing least of the game. And as for the lessee or keeper, who probably
wasn’t the other person at all, he (B.) couldn’t help feeling and most properly
it was better to give people like that the goby unless you were a blithering
idiot altogether and refuse to have anything to do with them as a golden rule
in private life and their felonsetting, there always being the offchance of a
Dannyman coming forward and turning queen’s evidence or king’s now like Denis
or Peter Carey, an idea he utterly repudiated. Quite apart from that he
disliked those careers of wrongdoing and crime on principle. Yet, though such
criminal propensities had never been an inmate of his bosom in any shape or
form, he certainly did feel and no denying it (while inwardly remaining what he
was) a certain kind of admiration for a man who had actually brandished a
knife, cold steel, with the courage of his political convictions (though,
personally, he would never be a party to any such thing), off the same bat as
those love vendettas of the south, have her or swing for her, when the husband
frequently, after some words passed between the two concerning her relations
with the other lucky mortal (he having had the pair watched), inflicted fatal
injuries on his adored one as a result of an alternative postnuptial
<em>liaison</em> by plunging his knife into her, until it just struck him that
Fitz, nicknamed Skin-the-Goat, merely drove the car for the actual perpetrators
of the outrage and so was not, if he was reliably informed, actually party to
the ambush which, in point of fact, was the plea some legal luminary saved his
skin on. In any case that was very ancient history by now and as for our
friend, the pseudo Skin-the-etcetera, he had transparently outlived his
welcome. He ought to have either died naturally or on the scaffold high. Like
actresses, always farewell positively last performance then come up smiling
again. Generous to a fault of course, temperamental, no economising or any idea
of the sort, always snapping at the bone for the shadow. So similarly he had a
very shrewd suspicion that Mr Johnny Lever got rid of some £. s. d. in the
course of his perambulations round the docks in the congenial atmosphere of the
<em>Old Ireland</em> tavern, come back to Erin and so on. Then as for the other
he had heard not so long before the same identical lingo as he told Stephen how
he simply but effectually silenced the offender.</p>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-23.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-23.htm.html_pgepubid00083" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<p>—He took umbrage at something or other, that muchinjured but on the whole
eventempered person declared, I let slip. He called me a jew and in a heated
fashion offensively. So I without deviating from plain facts in the least told
him his God, I mean Christ, was a jew too and all his family like me though in
reality I’m not. That was one for him. A soft answer turns away wrath. He
hadn’t a word to say for himself as everyone saw. Am I not right?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He turned a long you are wrong gaze on Stephen of timorous dark pride at the
soft impeachment with a glance also of entreaty for he seemed to glean in a
kind of a way that it wasn’t all exactly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>Ex quibus</em>, Stephen mumbled in a noncommittal accent, their two or
four eyes conversing, <em>Christus</em> or Bloom his name is or after all any
other, <em>secundum carnem</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Of course, Mr B. proceeded to stipulate, you must look at both sides of
the question. It is hard to lay down any hard and fast rules as to right and
wrong but room for improvement all round there certainly is though every
country, they say, our own distressful included, has the government it
deserves. But with a little goodwill all round. It’s all very fine to boast of
mutual superiority but what about mutual equality. I resent violence and
intolerance in any shape or form. It never reaches anything or stops anything.
A revolution must come on the due instalments plan. It’s a patent absurdity on
the face of it to hate people because they live round the corner and speak
another vernacular, in the next house so to speak.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Memorable bloody bridge battle and seven minutes’ war, Stephen assented,
between Skinner’s alley and Ormond market.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes, Mr Bloom thoroughly agreed, entirely endorsing the remark, that was
overwhelmingly right. And the whole world was full of that sort of thing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You just took the words out of my mouth, he said. A hocuspocus of
conflicting evidence that candidly you couldn’t remotely...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All those wretched quarrels, in his humble opinion, stirring up bad blood, from
some bump of combativeness or gland of some kind, erroneously supposed to be
about a punctilio of honour and a flag, were very largely a question of the
money question which was at the back of everything, greed and jealousy, people
never knowing when to stop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—They accuse, remarked he audibly. He turned away from the others, who
probably… and spoke nearer to, so as the others… in case they…</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Jews, he softly imparted in an aside in Stephen’s ear, are accused of
ruining. Not a vestige of truth in it, I can safely say. History, would you be
surprised to learn, proves up to the hilt Spain decayed when the inquisition
hounded the jews out and England prospered when Cromwell, an uncommonly able
ruffian who in other respects has much to answer for, imported them. Why?
Because they are imbued with the proper spirit. They are practical and are
proved to be so. I don’t want to indulge in any because you know the standard
works on the subject and then orthodox as you are. But in the economic, not
touching religion, domain the priest spells poverty. Spain again, you saw in
the war, compared with goahead America. Turks. It’s in the dogma. Because if
they didn’t believe they’d go straight to heaven when they die they’d try to
live better, at least so I think. That’s the juggle on which the p.p.’s raise
the wind on false pretences. I’m, he resumed with dramatic force, as good an
Irishman as that rude person I told you about at the outset and I want to see
everyone, concluded he, all creeds and classes <em>pro rata</em> having a
comfortable tidysized income, in no niggard fashion either, something in the
neighbourhood of £ 300 per annum. That’s the vital issue at stake and it’s
feasible and would be provocative of friendlier intercourse between man and
man. At least that’s my idea for what it’s worth. I call that patriotism.
<em>Ubi patria</em>, as we learned a smattering of in our classical days in
<em>Alma Mater, vita bene</em>. Where you can live well, the sense is, if you
work.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Over his untastable apology for a cup of coffee, listening to this synopsis of
things in general, Stephen stared at nothing in particular. He could hear, of
course, all kinds of words changing colour like those crabs about Ringsend in
the morning burrowing quickly into all colours of different sorts of the same
sand where they had a home somewhere beneath or seemed to. Then he looked up
and saw the eyes that said or didn’t say the words the voice he heard said, if
you work.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Count me out, he managed to remark, meaning work.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The eyes were surprised at this observation because as he, the person who owned
them pro tem. observed or rather his voice speaking did, all must work, have
to, together.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I mean, of course, the other hastened to affirm, work in the widest
possible sense. Also literary labour not merely for the kudos of the thing.
Writing for the newspapers which is the readiest channel nowadays. That’s work
too. Important work. After all, from the little I know of you, after all the
money expended on your education you are entitled to recoup yourself and
command your price. You have every bit as much right to live by your pen in
pursuit of your philosophy as the peasant has. What? You both belong to
Ireland, the brain and the brawn. Each is equally important.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—You suspect, Stephen retorted with a sort of a half laugh, that I may be
important because I belong to the <em>faubourg Saint Patrice</em> called Ireland
for short.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I would go a step farther, Mr Bloom insinuated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—But I suspect, Stephen interrupted, that Ireland must be important
because it belongs to me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What belongs, queried Mr Bloom bending, fancying he was perhaps under
some misapprehension. Excuse me. Unfortunately, I didn’t catch the latter
portion. What was it you...?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen, patently crosstempered, repeated and shoved aside his mug of coffee or
whatever you like to call it none too politely, adding:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—We can’t change the country. Let us change the subject.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At this pertinent suggestion Mr Bloom, to change the subject, looked down but
in a quandary, as he couldn’t tell exactly what construction to put on belongs
to which sounded rather a far cry. The rebuke of some kind was clearer than the
other part. Needless to say the fumes of his recent orgy spoke then with some
asperity in a curious bitter way foreign to his sober state. Probably the
homelife to which Mr B attached the utmost importance had not been all that was
needful or he hadn’t been familiarised with the right sort of people. With a
touch of fear for the young man beside him whom he furtively scrutinised with
an air of some consternation remembering he had just come back from Paris, the
eyes more especially reminding him forcibly of father and sister, failing to
throw much light on the subject, however, he brought to mind instances of
cultured fellows that promised so brilliantly nipped in the bud of premature
decay and nobody to blame but themselves. For instance there was the case of
O’Callaghan, for one, the halfcrazy faddist, respectably connected though of
inadequate means, with his mad vagaries among whose other gay doings when rotto
and making himself a nuisance to everybody all round he was in the habit of
ostentatiously sporting in public a suit of brown paper (a fact). And then the
usual <em>dénouement</em> after the fun had gone on fast and furious he got
landed into hot water and had to be spirited away by a few friends, after a
strong hint to a blind horse from John Mallon of Lower Castle Yard, so as not
to be made amenable under section two of the criminal law amendment act,
certain names of those subpœnaed being handed in but not divulged for reasons
which will occur to anyone with a pick of brains. Briefly, putting two and two
together, six sixteen which he pointedly turned a deaf ear to, Antonio and so
forth, jockeys and esthetes and the tattoo which was all the go in the
seventies or thereabouts even in the house of lords because early in life the
occupant of the throne, then heir apparent, the other members of the upper ten
and other high personages simply following in the footsteps of the head of the
state, he reflected about the errors of notorieties and crowned heads running
counter to morality such as the Cornwall case a number of years before under
their veneer in a way scarcely intended by nature, a thing good Mrs Grundy, as
the law stands, was terribly down on though not for the reason they thought
they were probably whatever it was except women chiefly who were always
fiddling more or less at one another it being largely a matter of dress and all
the rest of it. Ladies who like distinctive underclothing should, and every
welltailored man must, trying to make the gap wider between them by innuendo
and give more of a genuine filip to acts of impropriety between the two, she
unbuttoned his and then he untied her, mind the pin, whereas savages in the
cannibal islands, say, at ninety degrees in the shade not caring a continental.
However, reverting to the original, there were on the other hand others who had
forced their way to the top from the lowest rung by the aid of their
bootstraps. Sheer force of natural genius, that. With brains, sir.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For which and further reasons he felt it was his interest and duty even to wait
on and profit by the unlookedfor occasion though why he could not exactly tell
being as it was already several shillings to the bad having in fact let himself
in for it. Still to cultivate the acquaintance of someone of no uncommon
calibre who could provide food for reflection would amply repay any small.
Intellectual stimulation, as such, was, he felt, from time to time a firstrate
tonic for the mind. Added to which was the coincidence of meeting, discussion,
dance, row, old salt of the here today and gone tomorrow type, night loafers,
the whole galaxy of events, all went to make up a miniature cameo of the world
we live in especially as the lives of the submerged tenth, viz. coalminers,
divers, scavengers etc., were very much under the microscope lately. To improve
the shining hour he wondered whether he might meet with anything approaching
the same luck as Mr Philip Beaufoy if taken down in writing suppose he were to
pen something out of the common groove (as he fully intended doing) at the rate
of one guinea per column. <em>My Experiences</em>, let us say, <em>in a Cabman’s
Shelter</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The pink edition extra sporting of the <em>Telegraph</em> tell a graphic lie lay,
as luck would have it, beside his elbow and as he was just puzzling again, far
from satisfied, over a country belonging to him and the preceding rebus the
vessel came from Bridgwater and the postcard was addressed A. Boudin find the
captain’s age, his eyes went aimlessly over the respective captions which came
under his special province the allembracing give us this day our daily press.
First he got a bit of a start but it turned out to be only something about
somebody named H. du Boyes, agent for typewriters or something like that. Great
battle, Tokio. Lovemaking in Irish, £ 200 damages. Gordon Bennett. Emigration
Swindle. Letter from His Grace. William <strong><span style="font-size:large">✠</span></strong>. Ascot
meeting, the Gold Cup. Victory of outsider <em>Throwaway</em> recalls Derby of
’92 when Capt. Marshall’s dark horse <em>Sir Hugo</em> captured the blue ribband
at long odds. New York disaster. Thousand lives lost. Foot and Mouth. Funeral
of the late Mr Patrick Dignam.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So to change the subject he read about Dignam R. I. P. which, he reflected, was
anything but a gay sendoff. Or a change of address anyway.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—<em>This morning</em> (Hynes put it in of course) <em>the remains of the
late Mr Patrick Dignam were removed from his residence, no 9 Newbridge Avenue,
Sandymount, for interment in Glasnevin. The deceased gentleman was a most
popular and genial personality in city life and his demise after a brief
illness came as a great shock to citizens of all classes by whom he is deeply
regretted. The obsequies, at which many friends of the deceased were present,
were carried out</em> (certainly Hynes wrote it with a nudge from Corny) <em>by
Messrs H. J. O’Neill and Son, 164 North Strand Road. The mourners included:
Patk. Dignam (son), Bernard Corrigan (brother-in-law), Jno. Henry Menton, solr,
Martin Cunningham, John Power, eatondph 1/8 ador dorador douradora</em> (must be
where he called Monks the dayfather about Keyes’s ad) <em>Thomas Kernan, Simon
Dedalus, Stephen Dedalus B. A., Edw. J. Lambert, Cornelius T. Kelleher, Joseph
M’C Hynes, L. Boom, C P M’Coy,—M’Intosh and several others</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nettled not a little by L. <em>Boom</em> (as it incorrectly stated) and the line
of bitched type but tickled to death simultaneously by C. P. M’Coy and Stephen
Dedalus B. A. who were conspicuous, needless to say, by their total absence (to
say nothing of M’Intosh) L. Boom pointed it out to his companion B. A. engaged
in stifling another yawn, half nervousness, not forgetting the usual crop of
nonsensical howlers of misprints.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Is that first epistle to the Hebrews, he asked as soon as his bottom jaw
would let him, in? Text: open thy mouth and put thy foot in it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It is. Really, Mr Bloom said (though first he fancied he alluded to the
archbishop till he added about foot and mouth with which there could be no
possible connection) overjoyed to set his mind at rest and a bit flabbergasted
at Myles Crawford’s after all managing to. There.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>While the other was reading it on page two Boom (to give him for the nonce his
new misnomer) whiled away a few odd leisure moments in fits and starts with the
account of the third event at Ascot on page three, his side. Value 1000 sovs
with 3000 sovs in specie added. For entire colts and fillies. Mr F. Alexander’s
<em>Throwaway</em>, b. h. by <em>Rightaway-Thrale</em>, 5 yrs, 9 st 4 lbs (W. Lane)
1. Lord Howard de Walden’s <em>Zinfandel</em> (M. Cannon) 2. Mr W. Bass’s
<em>Sceptre</em> 3. Betting 5 to 4 on <em>Zinfandel</em>, 20 to 1 <em>Throwaway</em>
(off). <em>Sceptre</em> a shade heavier. It was anybody’s race then the rank
outsider drew to the fore, got long lead, beating Lord Howard de Walden’s
chestnut colt and Mr W. Bass’s bay filly Sceptre on a 2 1/2 mile course. Winner
trained by Braime so that Lenehan’s version of the business was all pure
buncombe. Secured the verdict cleverly by a length. 1000 sovs with 3000 in
specie. Also ran: J de Bremond’s (French horse Bantam Lyons was anxiously
inquiring after not in yet but expected any minute) <em>Maximum II</em>.
Different ways of bringing off a coup. Lovemaking damages. Though that
halfbaked Lyons ran off at a tangent in his impetuosity to get left. Of course
gambling eminently lent itself to that sort of thing though as the event turned
out the poor fool hadn’t much reason to congratulate himself on his pick, the
forlorn hope. Guesswork it reduced itself to eventually.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—There was every indication they would arrive at that, he, Bloom, said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Who? the other, whose hand by the way was hurt, said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One morning you would open the paper, the cabman affirmed, and read: <em>Return
of Parnell</em>. He bet them what they liked. A Dublin fusilier was in that
shelter one night and said he saw him in South Africa. Pride it was killed him.
He ought to have done away with himself or lain low for a time after committee
room no 15 until he was his old self again with no-one to point a finger at
him. Then they would all to a man have gone down on their marrowbones to him to
come back when he had recovered his senses. Dead he wasn’t. Simply absconded
somewhere. The coffin they brought over was full of stones. He changed his name
to De Wet, the Boer general. He made a mistake to fight the priests. And so
forth and so on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All the same Bloom (properly so dubbed) was rather surprised at their memories
for in nine cases out of ten it was a case of tarbarrels and not singly but in
their thousands and then complete oblivion because it was twenty odd years.
Highly unlikely of course there was even a shadow of truth in the stones and,
even supposing, he thought a return highly inadvisable, all things considered.
Something evidently riled them in his death. Either he petered out too tamely
of acute pneumonia just when his various different political arrangements were
nearing completion or whether it transpired he owed his death to his having
neglected to change his boots and clothes after a wetting when a cold resulted
and failing to consult a specialist he being confined to his room till he
eventually died of it amid widespread regret before a fortnight was at an end
or quite possibly they were distressed to find the job was taken out of their
hands. Of course nobody being acquainted with his movements even before there
was absolutely no clue as to his whereabouts which were decidedly of the
<em>Alice, where art thou</em> order even prior to his starting to go under
several aliases such as Fox and Stewart so the remark which emanated from
friend cabby might be within the bounds of possibility. Naturally then it would
prey on his mind as a born leader of men which undoubtedly he was and a
commanding figure, a sixfooter or at any rate five feet ten or eleven in his
stockinged feet, whereas Messrs So and So who, though they weren’t even a patch
on the former man, ruled the roost after their redeeming features were very few
and far between. It certainly pointed a moral, the idol with feet of clay, and
then seventytwo of his trusty henchmen rounding on him with mutual mudslinging.
And the identical same with murderers. You had to come back. That haunting
sense kind of drew you. To show the understudy in the title <em>rôle</em> how to.
He saw him once on the auspicious occasion when they broke up the type in the
<em>Insuppressible</em> or was it <em>United Ireland</em>, a privilege he keenly
appreciated, and, in point of fact, handed him his silk hat when it was knocked
off and he said <em>Thank you</em>, excited as he undoubtedly was under his
frigid exterior notwithstanding the little misadventure mentioned between the
cup and the lip: what’s bred in the bone. Still as regards return. You were a
lucky dog if they didn’t set the terrier at you directly you got back. Then a
lot of shillyshally usually followed, Tom for and Dick and Harry against. And
then, number one, you came up against the man in possession and had to produce
your credentials like the claimant in the Tichborne case, Roger Charles
Tichborne, <em>Bella</em> was the boat’s name to the best of his recollection he,
the heir, went down in as the evidence went to show and there was a tattoo mark
too in Indian ink, lord Bellew was it, as he might very easily have picked up
the details from some pal on board ship and then, when got up to tally with the
description given, introduce himself with: <em>Excuse me, my name is So and
So</em> or some such commonplace remark. A more prudent course, as Bloom said to
the not over effusive, in fact like the distinguished personage under
discussion beside him, would have been to sound the lie of the land first.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—That bitch, that English whore, did for him, the shebeen proprietor
commented. She put the first nail in his coffin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Fine lump of a woman all the same, the <em>soi-disant</em> townclerk Henry
Campbell remarked, and plenty of her. She loosened many a man’s thighs. I seen
her picture in a barber’s. The husband was a captain or an officer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Ay, Skin-the-Goat amusingly added, he was and a cottonball one.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This gratuitous contribution of a humorous character occasioned a fair amount
of laughter among his <em>entourage</em>. As regards Bloom he, without the
faintest suspicion of a smile, merely gazed in the direction of the door and
reflected upon the historic story which had aroused extraordinary interest at
the time when the facts, to make matters worse, were made public with the usual
affectionate letters that passed between them full of sweet nothings. First it
was strictly Platonic till nature intervened and an attachment sprang up
between them till bit by bit matters came to a climax and the matter became the
talk of the town till the staggering blow came as a welcome intelligence to not
a few evildisposed, however, who were resolved upon encompassing his downfall
though the thing was public property all along though not to anything like the
sensational extent that it subsequently blossomed into. Since their names were
coupled, though, since he was her declared favourite, where was the particular
necessity to proclaim it to the rank and file from the housetops, the fact,
namely, that he had shared her bedroom which came out in the witnessbox on oath
when a thrill went through the packed court literally electrifying everybody in
the shape of witnesses swearing to having witnessed him on such and such a
particular date in the act of scrambling out of an upstairs apartment with the
assistance of a ladder in night apparel, having gained admittance in the same
fashion, a fact the weeklies, addicted to the lubric a little, simply coined
shoals of money out of. Whereas the simple fact of the case was it was simply a
case of the husband not being up to the scratch, with nothing in common between
them beyond the name, and then a real man arriving on the scene, strong to the
verge of weakness, falling a victim to her siren charms and forgetting home
ties, the usual sequel, to bask in the loved one’s smiles. The eternal question
of the life connubial, needless to say, cropped up. Can real love, supposing
there happens to be another chap in the case, exist between married folk?
Poser. Though it was no concern of theirs absolutely if he regarded her with
affection, carried away by a wave of folly. A magnificent specimen of manhood
he was truly augmented obviously by gifts of a high order, as compared with the
other military supernumerary that is (who was just the usual everyday
<em>farewell, my gallant captain</em> kind of an individual in the light
dragoons, the 18<sup>th</sup> hussars to be accurate) and inflammable doubtless
(the fallen leader, that is, not the other) in his own peculiar way which she
of course, woman, quickly perceived as highly likely to carve his way to fame
which he almost bid fair to do till the priests and ministers of the gospel as
a whole, his erstwhile staunch adherents, and his beloved evicted tenants for
whom he had done yeoman service in the rural parts of the country by taking up
the cudgels on their behalf in a way that exceeded their most sanguine
expectations, very effectually cooked his matrimonial goose, thereby heaping
coals of fire on his head much in the same way as the fabled ass’s kick.
Looking back now in a retrospective kind of arrangement all seemed a kind of
dream. And then coming back was the worst thing you ever did because it went
without saying you would feel out of place as things always moved with the
times. Why, as he reflected, Irishtown strand, a locality he had not been in
for quite a number of years looked different somehow since, as it happened, he
went to reside on the north side. North or south, however, it was just the
wellknown case of hot passion, pure and simple, upsetting the applecart with a
vengeance and just bore out the very thing he was saying as she also was
Spanish or half so, types that wouldn’t do things by halves, passionate abandon
of the south, casting every shred of decency to the winds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Just bears out what I was saying, he, with glowing bosom said to
Stephen, about blood and the sun. And, if I don’t greatly mistake she was
Spanish too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The king of Spain’s daughter, Stephen answered, adding something or
other rather muddled about farewell and adieu to you Spanish onions and the
first land called the Deadman and from Ramhead to Scilly was so and so many.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Was she? Bloom ejaculated, surprised though not astonished by any means,
I never heard that rumour before. Possible, especially there, it was as she
lived there. So, Spain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Carefully avoiding a book in his pocket <em>Sweets of</em>, which reminded him by
the by of that Capel street library book out of date, he took out his
pocketbook and, turning over the various contents it contained rapidly finally
he.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Do you consider, by the by, he said, thoughtfully selecting a faded
photo which he laid on the table, that a Spanish type?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen, obviously addressed, looked down on the photo showing a large sized
lady with her fleshy charms on evidence in an open fashion as she was in the
full bloom of womanhood in evening dress cut ostentatiously low for the
occasion to give a liberal display of bosom, with more than vision of breasts,
her full lips parted and some perfect teeth, standing near, ostensibly with
gravity, a piano on the rest of which was <em>In Old Madrid</em>, a ballad,
pretty in its way, which was then all the vogue. Her (the lady’s) eyes, dark,
large, looked at Stephen, about to smile about something to be admired,
Lafayette of Westmoreland street, Dublin’s premier photographic artist, being
responsible for the esthetic execution.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Mrs Bloom, my wife the <em>prima donna</em> Madam Marion Tweedy, Bloom
indicated. Taken a few years since. In or about ninety six. Very like her then.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Beside the young man he looked also at the photo of the lady now his legal wife
who, he intimated, was the accomplished daughter of Major Brian Tweedy and
displayed at an early age remarkable proficiency as a singer having even made
her bow to the public when her years numbered barely sweet sixteen. As for the
face it was a speaking likeness in expression but it did not do justice to her
figure which came in for a lot of notice usually and which did not come out to
the best advantage in that getup. She could without difficulty, he said, have
posed for the ensemble, not to dwell on certain opulent curves of the. He
dwelt, being a bit of an artist in his spare time, on the female form in
general developmentally because, as it so happened, no later than that
afternoon he had seen those Grecian statues, perfectly developed as works of
art, in the National Museum. Marble could give the original, shoulders, back,
all the symmetry, all the rest. Yes, puritanisme, it does though, Saint
Joseph’s sovereign thievery alors (Bandez!) Figne toi trop. Whereas no photo
could because it simply wasn’t art in a word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The spirit moving him he would much have liked to follow Jack Tar’s good
example and leave the likeness there for a very few minutes to speak for itself
on the plea he so that the other could drink in the beauty for himself, her
stage presence being, frankly, a treat in itself which the camera could not at
all do justice to. But it was scarcely professional etiquette so. Though it was
a warm pleasant sort of a night now yet wonderfully cool for the season
considering, for sunshine after storm. And he did feel a kind of need there and
then to follow suit like a kind of inward voice and satisfy a possible need by
moving a motion. Nevertheless he sat tight just viewing the slightly soiled
photo creased by opulent curves, none the worse for wear however, and looked
away thoughtfully with the intention of not further increasing the other’s
possible embarrassment while gauging her symmetry of heaving <em>embonpoint</em>.
In fact the slight soiling was only an added charm like the case of linen
slightly soiled, good as new, much better in fact with the starch out. Suppose
she was gone when he? I looked for the lamp which she told me came into his
mind but merely as a passing fancy of his because he then recollected the
morning littered bed etcetera and the book about Ruby with met him pike hoses
(<em>sic</em>) in it which must have fell down sufficiently appropriately beside
the domestic chamberpot with apologies to Lindley Murray.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The vicinity of the young man he certainly relished, educated, <em>distingué</em>
and impulsive into the bargain, far and away the pick of the bunch though you
wouldn’t think he had it in him yet you would. Besides he said the picture was
handsome which, say what you like, it was though at the moment she was
distinctly stouter. And why not? An awful lot of makebelieve went on about that
sort of thing involving a lifelong slur with the usual splash page of
gutterpress about the same old matrimonial tangle alleging misconduct with
professional golfer or the newest stage favourite instead of being honest and
aboveboard about the whole business. How they were fated to meet and an
attachment sprang up between the two so that their names were coupled in the
public eye was told in court with letters containing the habitual mushy and
compromising expressions leaving no loophole to show that they openly cohabited
two or three times a week at some wellknown seaside hotel and relations, when
the thing ran its normal course, became in due course intimate. Then the decree
<em>nisi</em> and the King’s proctor tries to show cause why and, he failing to
quash it, <em>nisi</em> was made absolute. But as for that the two misdemeanants,
wrapped up as they largely were in one another, could safely afford to ignore
it as they very largely did till the matter was put in the hands of a solicitor
who filed a petition for the party wronged in due course. He, B, enjoyed the
distinction of being close to Erin’s uncrowned king in the flesh when the thing
occurred on the historic <em>fracas</em> when the fallen leader’s, who
notoriously stuck to his guns to the last drop even when clothed in the mantle
of adultery, (leader’s) trusty henchmen to the number of ten or a dozen or
possibly even more than that penetrated into the printing works of the
<em>Insuppressible</em> or no it was <em>United Ireland</em> (a by no means by the
by appropriate appellative) and broke up the typecases with hammers or
something like that all on account of some scurrilous effusions from the facile
pens of the O’Brienite scribes at the usual mudslinging occupation reflecting
on the erstwhile tribune’s private morals. Though palpably a radically altered
man he was still a commanding figure though carelessly garbed as usual with
that look of settled purpose which went a long way with the shillyshallyers
till they discovered to their vast discomfiture that their idol had feet of
clay after placing him upon a pedestal which she, however, was the first to
perceive. As those were particularly hot times in the general hullaballoo Bloom
sustained a minor injury from a nasty prod of some chap’s elbow in the crowd
that of course congregated lodging some place about the pit of the stomach,
fortunately not of a grave character. His hat (Parnell’s) a silk one was
inadvertently knocked off and, as a matter of strict history, Bloom was the man
who picked it up in the crush after witnessing the occurrence meaning to return
it to him (and return it to him he did with the utmost celerity) who panting
and hatless and whose thoughts were miles away from his hat at the time all the
same being a gentleman born with a stake in the country he, as a matter of
fact, having gone into it more for the kudos of the thing than anything else,
what’s bred in the bone instilled into him in infancy at his mother’s knee in
the shape of knowing what good form was came out at once because he turned
round to the donor and thanked him with perfect <em>aplomb</em>, saying: <em>Thank
you, sir</em>, though in a very different tone of voice from the ornament of the
legal profession whose headgear Bloom also set to rights earlier in the course
of the day, history repeating itself with a difference, after the burial of a
mutual friend when they had left him alone in his glory after the grim task of
having committed his remains to the grave.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On the other hand what incensed him more inwardly was the blatant jokes of the
cabman and so on who passed it all off as a jest, laughing immoderately,
pretending to understand everything, the why and the wherefore, and in reality
not knowing their own minds, it being a case for the two parties themselves
unless it ensued that the legitimate husband happened to be a party to it owing
to some anonymous letter from the usual boy Jones, who happened to come across
them at the crucial moment in a loving position locked in one another’s arms,
drawing attention to their illicit proceedings and leading up to a domestic
rumpus and the erring fair one begging forgiveness of her lord and master upon
her knees and promising to sever the connection and not receive his visits any
more if only the aggrieved husband would overlook the matter and let bygones be
bygones with tears in her eyes though possibly with her tongue in her fair
cheek at the same time as quite possibly there were several others. He
personally, being of a sceptical bias, believed and didn’t make the smallest
bones about saying so either that man or men in the plural were always hanging
around on the waiting list about a lady, even supposing she was the best wife
in the world and they got on fairly well together for the sake of argument,
when, neglecting her duties, she chose to be tired of wedded life and was on
for a little flutter in polite debauchery to press their attentions on her with
improper intent, the upshot being that her affections centred on another, the
cause of many <em>liaisons</em> between still attractive married women getting on
for fair and forty and younger men, no doubt as several famous cases of
feminine infatuation proved up to the hilt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was a thousand pities a young fellow, blessed with an allowance of brains as
his neighbour obviously was, should waste his valuable time with profligate
women who might present him with a nice dose to last him his lifetime. In the
nature of single blessedness he would one day take unto himself a wife when
Miss Right came on the scene but in the interim ladies’ society was a
<em>conditio sine qua non</em> though he had the gravest possible doubts, not
that he wanted in the smallest to pump Stephen about Miss Ferguson (who was
very possibly the particular lodestar who brought him down to Irishtown so
early in the morning), as to whether he would find much satisfaction basking in
the boy and girl courtship idea and the company of smirking misses without a
penny to their names bi or triweekly with the orthodox preliminary canter of
complimentplaying and walking out leading up to fond lovers’ ways and flowers
and chocs. To think of him house and homeless, rooked by some landlady worse
than any stepmother, was really too bad at his age. The queer suddenly things
he popped out with attracted the elder man who was several years the other’s
senior or like his father but something substantial he certainly ought to eat
even were it only an eggflip made on unadulterated maternal nutriment or,
failing that, the homely Humpty Dumpty boiled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—At what o’clock did you dine? he questioned of the slim form and tired
though unwrinkled face.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Some time yesterday, Stephen said.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yesterday! exclaimed Bloom till he remembered it was already tomorrow
Friday. Ah, you mean it’s after twelve!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—The day before yesterday, Stephen said, improving on himself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Literally astounded at this piece of intelligence Bloom reflected. Though they
didn’t see eye to eye in everything a certain analogy there somehow was as if
both their minds were travelling, so to speak, in the one train of thought. At
his age when dabbling in politics roughly some score of years previously when
he had been a <em>quasi</em> aspirant to parliamentary honours in the Buckshot
Foster days he too recollected in retrospect (which was a source of keen
satisfaction in itself) he had a sneaking regard for those same ultra ideas.
For instance when the evicted tenants question, then at its first inception,
bulked largely in people’s mind though, it goes without saying, not
contributing a copper or pinning his faith absolutely to its dictums, some of
which wouldn’t exactly hold water, he at the outset in principle at all events
was in thorough sympathy with peasant possession as voicing the trend of modern
opinion (a partiality, however, which, realising his mistake, he was
subsequently partially cured of) and even was twitted with going a step farther
than Michael Davitt in the striking views he at one time inculcated as a
backtothelander, which was one reason he strongly resented the innuendo put
upon him in so barefaced a fashion by our friend at the gathering of the clans
in Barney Kiernan’s so that he, though often considerably misunderstood and the
least pugnacious of mortals, be it repeated, departed from his customary habit
to give him (metaphorically) one in the gizzard though, so far as politics
themselves were concerned, he was only too conscious of the casualties
invariably resulting from propaganda and displays of mutual animosity and the
misery and suffering it entailed as a foregone conclusion on fine young
fellows, chiefly, destruction of the fittest, in a word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Anyhow upon weighing up the pros and cons, getting on for one, as it was, it
was high time to be retiring for the night. The crux was it was a bit risky to
bring him home as eventualities might possibly ensue (somebody having a temper
of her own sometimes) and spoil the hash altogether as on the night he
misguidedly brought home a dog (breed unknown) with a lame paw (not that the
cases were either identical or the reverse though he had hurt his hand too) to
Ontario Terrace as he very distinctly remembered, having been there, so to
speak. On the other hand it was altogether far and away too late for the
Sandymount or Sandycove suggestion so that he was in some perplexity as to
which of the two alternatives. Everything pointed to the fact that it behoved
him to avail himself to the full of the opportunity, all things considered. His
initial impression was he was a shade standoffish or not over effusive but it
grew on him someway. For one thing he mightn’t what you call jump at the idea,
if approached, and what mostly worried him was he didn’t know how to lead up to
it or word it exactly, supposing he did entertain the proposal, as it would
afford him very great personal pleasure if he would allow him to help to put
coin in his way or some wardrobe, if found suitable. At all events he wound up
by concluding, eschewing for the nonce hidebound precedent, a cup of Epps’s
cocoa and a shakedown for the night plus the use of a rug or two and overcoat
doubled into a pillow at least he would be in safe hands and as warm as a toast
on a trivet he failed to perceive any very vast amount of harm in that always
with the proviso no rumpus of any sort was kicked up. A move had to be made
because that merry old soul, the grasswidower in question who appeared to be
glued to the spot, didn’t appear in any particular hurry to wend his way home
to his dearly beloved Queenstown and it was highly likely some sponger’s
bawdyhouse of retired beauties where age was no bar off Sheriff street lower
would be the best clue to that equivocal character’s whereabouts for a few days
to come, alternately racking their feelings (the mermaids’) with sixchamber
revolver anecdotes verging on the tropical calculated to freeze the marrow of
anybody’s bones and mauling their largesized charms betweenwhiles with rough
and tumble gusto to the accompaniment of large potations of potheen and the
usual blarney about himself for as to who he in reality was let x equal my
right name and address, as Mr Algebra remarks <em>passim</em>. At the same time
he inwardly chuckled over his gentle repartee to the blood and ouns champion
about his god being a jew. People could put up with being bitten by a wolf but
what properly riled them was a bite from a sheep. The most vulnerable point too
of tender Achilles. Your god was a jew. Because mostly they appeared to imagine
he came from Carrick-on-Shannon or somewhereabouts in the county Sligo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—I propose, our hero eventually suggested after mature reflection while
prudently pocketing her photo, as it’s rather stuffy here you just come home
with me and talk things over. My diggings are quite close in the vicinity. You
can’t drink that stuff. Do you like cocoa? Wait. I’ll just pay this lot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The best plan clearly being to clear out, the remainder being plain sailing, he
beckoned, while prudently pocketing the photo, to the keeper of the shanty who
didn’t seem to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, that’s the best, he assured Stephen to whom for the matter of that
Brazen Head or him or anywhere else was all more or less.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All kinds of Utopian plans were flashing through his (B’s) busy brain,
education (the genuine article), literature, journalism, prize titbits, up to
date billing, concert tours in English watering resorts packed with hydros and
seaside theatres, turning money away, duets in Italian with the accent
perfectly true to nature and a quantity of other things, no necessity, of
course, to tell the world and his wife from the housetops about it, and a slice
of luck. An opening was all was wanted. Because he more than suspected he had
his father’s voice to bank his hopes on which it was quite on the cards he had
so it would be just as well, by the way no harm, to trail the conversation in
the direction of that particular red herring just to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The cabby read out of the paper he had got hold of that the former viceroy,
earl Cadogan, had presided at the cabdrivers’ association dinner in London
somewhere. Silence with a yawn or two accompanied this thrilling announcement.
Then the old specimen in the corner who appeared to have some spark of vitality
left read out that sir Anthony MacDonnell had left Euston for the chief
secretary’s lodge or words to that effect. To which absorbing piece of
intelligence echo answered why.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Give us a squint at that literature, grandfather, the ancient mariner
put in, manifesting some natural impatience.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—And welcome, answered the elderly party thus addressed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The sailor lugged out from a case he had a pair of greenish goggles which he
very slowly hooked over his nose and both ears.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Are you bad in the eyes? the sympathetic personage like the townclerk
queried.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Why, answered the seafarer with the tartan beard, who seemingly was a
bit of a literary cove in his own small way, staring out of seagreen portholes
as you might well describe them as, I uses goggles reading. Sand in the Red Sea
done that. One time I could read a book in the dark, manner of speaking. <em>The
Arabian Nights Entertainment</em> was my favourite and <em>Red as a Rose is
She.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hereupon he pawed the journal open and pored upon Lord only knows what, found
drowned or the exploits of King Willow, Iremonger having made a hundred and
something second wicket not out for Notts, during which time (completely
regardless of Ire) the keeper was intensely occupied loosening an apparently
new or secondhand boot which manifestly pinched him as he muttered against
whoever it was sold it, all of them who were sufficiently awake enough to be
picked out by their facial expressions, that is to say, either simply looking
on glumly or passing a trivial remark.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To cut a long story short Bloom, grasping the situation, was the first to rise
from his seat so as not to outstay their welcome having first and foremost,
being as good as his word that he would foot the bill for the occasion, taken
the wise precaution to unobtrusively motion to mine host as a parting shot a
scarcely perceptible sign when the others were not looking to the effect that
the amount due was forthcoming, making a grand total of fourpence (the amount
he deposited unobtrusively in four coppers, literally the last of the
Mohicans), he having previously spotted on the printed pricelist for all who
ran to read opposite him in unmistakable figures, coffee 2d, confectionery do,
and honestly well worth twice the money once in a way, as Wetherup used to
remark.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Come, he counselled to close the <em>séance</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Seeing that the ruse worked and the coast was clear they left the shelter or
shanty together and the <em>élite</em> society of oilskin and company whom
nothing short of an earthquake would move out of their <em>dolce far niente</em>.
Stephen, who confessed to still feeling poorly and fagged out, paused at the,
for a moment, the door.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—One thing I never understood, he said to be original on the spur of the
moment. Why they put tables upside down at night, I mean chairs upside down, on
the tables in cafés. To which impromptu the neverfailing Bloom replied without
a moment’s hesitation, saying straight off:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—To sweep the floor in the morning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So saying he skipped around, nimbly considering, frankly at the same time
apologetic to get on his companion’s right, a habit of his, by the bye, his
right side being, in classical idiom, his tender Achilles. The night air was
certainly now a treat to breathe though Stephen was a bit weak on his pins.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—It will (the air) do you good, Bloom said, meaning also the walk, in a
moment. The only thing is to walk then you’ll feel a different man. Come. It’s
not far. Lean on me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Accordingly he passed his left arm in Stephen’s right and led him on
accordingly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Yes, Stephen said uncertainly because he thought he felt a strange kind
of flesh of a different man approach him, sinewless and wobbly and all that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Anyhow they passed the sentrybox with stones, brazier etc. where the municipal
supernumerary, ex Gumley, was still to all intents and purposes wrapped in the
arms of Murphy, as the adage has it, dreaming of fresh fields and pastures new.
And <em>apropos</em> of coffin of stones the analogy was not at all bad as it was
in fact a stoning to death on the part of seventytwo out of eighty odd
constituencies that ratted at the time of the split and chiefly the belauded
peasant class, probably the selfsame evicted tenants he had put in their
holdings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So they turned on to chatting about music, a form of art for which Bloom, as a
pure amateur, possessed the greatest love, as they made tracks arm in arm
across Beresford place. Wagnerian music, though confessedly grand in its way,
was a bit too heavy for Bloom and hard to follow at the first go-off but the
music of Mercadante’s <em>Huguenots</em>, Meyerbeer’s <em>Seven Last Words on the
Cross</em> and Mozart’s <em>Twelfth Mass</em> he simply revelled in, the
<em>Gloria</em> in that being, to his mind, the acme of first class music as
such, literally knocking everything else into a cocked hat. He infinitely
preferred the sacred music of the catholic church to anything the opposite shop
could offer in that line such as those Moody and Sankey hymns or <em>Bid me to
live and I will live thy protestant to be</em>. He also yielded to none in his
admiration of Rossini’s <em>Stabat Mater</em>, a work simply abounding in
immortal numbers, in which his wife, Madam Marion Tweedy, made a hit, a
veritable sensation, he might safely say, greatly adding to her other laurels
and putting the others totally in the shade, in the jesuit fathers’ church in
upper Gardiner street, the sacred edifice being thronged to the doors to hear
her with virtuosos, or <em>virtuosi</em> rather. There was the unanimous opinion
that there was none to come up to her and suffice it to say in a place of
worship for music of a sacred character there was a generally voiced desire for
an encore. On the whole though favouring preferably light opera of the <em>Don
Giovanni</em> description and <em>Martha</em>, a gem in its line, he had a
<em>penchant</em>, though with only a surface knowledge, for the severe classical
school such as Mendelssohn. And talking of that, taking it for granted he knew
all about the old favourites, he mentioned <em>par excellence</em> Lionel’s air
in <em>Martha, M’appari</em>, which, curiously enough, he had heard or overheard,
to be more accurate, on yesterday, a privilege he keenly appreciated, from the
lips of Stephen’s respected father, sung to perfection, a study of the number,
in fact, which made all the others take a back seat. Stephen, in reply to a
politely put query, said he didn’t sing it but launched out into praises of
Shakespeare’s songs, at least of in or about that period, the lutenist Dowland
who lived in Fetter lane near Gerard the herbalist, who <em>anno ludendo hausi,
Doulandus</em>, an instrument he was contemplating purchasing from Mr Arnold
Dolmetsch, whom B. did not quite recall though the name certainly sounded
familiar, for sixtyfive guineas and Farnaby and son with their <em>dux</em> and
<em>comes</em> conceits and Byrd (William) who played the virginals, he said, in
the Queen’s chapel or anywhere else he found them and one Tomkins who made toys
or airs and John Bull.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On the roadway which they were approaching whilst still speaking beyond the
swingchains a horse, dragging a sweeper, paced on the paven ground, brushing a
long swathe of mire up so that with the noise Bloom was not perfectly certain
whether he had caught aright the allusion to sixtyfive guineas and John Bull.
He inquired if it was John Bull the political celebrity of that ilk, as it
struck him, the two identical names, as a striking coincidence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By the chains the horse slowly swerved to turn, which perceiving, Bloom, who
was keeping a sharp lookout as usual, plucked the other’s sleeve gently,
jocosely remarking:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—Our lives are in peril tonight. Beware of the steamroller.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>They thereupon stopped. Bloom looked at the head of a horse not worth anything
like sixtyfive guineas, suddenly in evidence in the dark quite near so that it
seemed new, a different grouping of bones and even flesh because palpably it
was a fourwalker, a hipshaker, a blackbuttocker, a taildangler, a headhanger
putting his hind foot foremost the while the lord of his creation sat on the
perch, busy with his thoughts. But such a good poor brute he was sorry he
hadn’t a lump of sugar but, as he wisely reflected, you could scarcely be
prepared for every emergency that might crop up. He was just a big nervous
foolish noodly kind of a horse, without a second care in the world. But even a
dog, he reflected, take that mongrel in Barney Kiernan’s, of the same size,
would be a holy horror to face. But it was no animal’s fault in particular if
he was built that way like the camel, ship of the desert, distilling grapes
into potheen in his hump. Nine tenths of them all could be caged or trained,
nothing beyond the art of man barring the bees. Whale with a harpoon hairpin,
alligator tickle the small of his back and he sees the joke, chalk a circle for
a rooster, tiger my eagle eye. These timely reflections anent the brutes of the
field occupied his mind somewhat distracted from Stephen’s words while the ship
of the street was manœuvring and Stephen went on about the highly interesting
old.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>—What’s this I was saying? Ah, yes! My wife, he intimated, plunging <em>in
medias res</em>, would have the greatest of pleasure in making your acquaintance
as she is passionately attached to music of any kind.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He looked sideways in a friendly fashion at the sideface of Stephen, image of
his mother, which was not quite the same as the usual handsome blackguard type
they unquestionably had an insatiable hankering after as he was perhaps not
that way built.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Still, supposing he had his father’s gift as he more than suspected, it opened
up new vistas in his mind such as Lady Fingall’s Irish industries, concert on
the preceding Monday, and aristocracy in general.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Exquisite variations he was now describing on an air <em>Youth here has End</em>
by Jans Pieter Sweelinck, a Dutchman of Amsterdam where the frows come from.
Even more he liked an old German song of <em>Johannes Jeep</em> about the clear
sea and the voices of sirens, sweet murderers of men, which boggled Bloom a
bit:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Von der Sirenen Listigkeit<br/>Tun die Poeten dichten.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These opening bars he sang and translated <em>extempore</em>. Bloom, nodding,
said he perfectly understood and begged him to go on by all means which he did.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A phenomenally beautiful tenor voice like that, the rarest of boons, which
Bloom appreciated at the very first note he got out, could easily, if properly
handled by some recognised authority on voice production such as Barraclough
and being able to read music into the bargain, command its own price where
baritones were ten a penny and procure for its fortunate possessor in the near
future an <em>entrée</em> into fashionable houses in the best residential
quarters of financial magnates in a large way of business and titled people
where with his university degree of B. A. (a huge ad in its way) and
gentlemanly bearing to all the more influence the good impression he would
infallibly score a distinct success, being blessed with brains which also could
be utilised for the purpose and other requisites, if his clothes were properly
attended to so as to the better worm his way into their good graces as he, a
youthful tyro in society’s sartorial niceties, hardly understood how a little
thing like that could militate against you. It was in fact only a matter of
months and he could easily foresee him participating in their musical and
artistic <em>conversaziones</em> during the festivities of the Christmas season,
for choice, causing a slight flutter in the dovecotes of the fair sex and being
made a lot of by ladies out for sensation, cases of which, as he happened to
know, were on record—in fact, without giving the show away, he himself
once upon a time, if he cared to, could easily have. Added to which of course
would be the pecuniary emolument by no means to be sneezed at, going hand in
hand with his tuition fees. Not, he parenthesised, that for the sake of filthy
lucre he need necessarily embrace the lyric platform as a walk in life for any
lengthy space of time. But a step in the required direction it was beyond yea
or nay and both monetarily and mentally it contained no reflection on his
dignity in the smallest and it often turned in uncommonly handy to be handed a
cheque at a muchneeded moment when every little helped. Besides, though taste
latterly had deteriorated to a degree, original music like that, different from
the conventional rut, would rapidly have a great vogue as it would be a decided
novelty for Dublin’s musical world after the usual hackneyed run of catchy
tenor solos foisted on a confiding public by Ivan St Austell and Hilton St Just
and their <em>genus omne</em>. Yes, beyond a shadow of a doubt he could with all
the cards in his hand and he had a capital opening to make a name for himself
and win a high place in the city’s esteem where he could command a stiff figure
and, booking ahead, give a grand concert for the patrons of the King street
house, given a backerup, if one were forthcoming to kick him upstairs, so to
speak, a big <em>if</em>, however, with some impetus of the goahead sort to
obviate the inevitable procrastination which often tripped up a too much fêted
prince of good fellows. And it need not detract from the other by one iota as,
being his own master, he would have heaps of time to practise literature in his
spare moments when desirous of so doing without its clashing with his vocal
career or containing anything derogatory whatsoever as it was a matter for
himself alone. In fact, he had the ball at his feet and that was the very
reason why the other, possessed of a remarkably sharp nose for smelling a rat
of any sort, hung on to him at all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The horse was just then. And later on at a propitious opportunity he purposed
(Bloom did), without anyway prying into his private affairs on the <em>fools
step in where angels</em> principle, advising him to sever his connection with a
certain budding practitioner who, he noticed, was prone to disparage and even
to a slight extent with some hilarious pretext when not present, deprecate him,
or whatever you like to call it which in Bloom’s humble opinion threw a nasty
sidelight on that side of a person’s character, no pun intended.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The horse having reached the end of his tether, so to speak, halted and,
rearing high a proud feathering tail, added his quota by letting fall on the
floor which the brush would soon brush up and polish, three smoking globes of
turds. Slowly three times, one after another, from a full crupper he mired. And
humanely his driver waited till he (or she) had ended, patient in his scythed
car.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Side by side Bloom, profiting by the <em>contretemps</em>, with Stephen passed
through the gap of the chains, divided by the upright, and, stepping over a
strand of mire, went across towards Gardiner street lower, Stephen singing more
boldly, but not loudly, the end of the ballad.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Und alle Schiffe brücken.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The driver never said a word, good, bad or indifferent, but merely watched the
two figures, as he sat on his lowbacked car, both black, one full, one lean,
walk towards the railway bridge, <em>to be married by Father Maher</em>. As they
walked they at times stopped and walked again continuing their <em>tête à
tête</em> (which, of course, he was utterly out of) about sirens, enemies of
man’s reason, mingled with a number of other topics of the same category,
usurpers, historical cases of the kind while the man in the sweeper car or you
might as well call it in the sleeper car who in any case couldn’t possibly hear
because they were too far simply sat in his seat near the end of lower Gardiner
street <em>and looked after their lowbacked car</em>.</p>
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</div>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-24.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-24.htm.html_pgepubid00084" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-24.htm.html_chap17"></span>[ 17 ]</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What parallel courses did Bloom and Stephen follow returning?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Starting united both at normal walking pace from Beresford place they followed
in the order named Lower and Middle Gardiner streets and Mountjoy square, west:
then, at reduced pace, each bearing left, Gardiner’s place by an inadvertence
as far as the farther corner of Temple street: then, at reduced pace with
interruptions of halt, bearing right, Temple street, north, as far as Hardwicke
place. Approaching, disparate, at relaxed walking pace they crossed both the
circus before George’s church diametrically, the chord in any circle being less
than the arc which it subtends.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Of what did the duumvirate deliberate during their itinerary?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Music, literature, Ireland, Dublin, Paris, friendship, woman, prostitution,
diet, the influence of gaslight or the light of arc and glowlamps on the growth
of adjoining paraheliotropic trees, exposed corporation emergency dustbuckets,
the Roman catholic church, ecclesiastical celibacy, the Irish nation, jesuit
education, careers, the study of medicine, the past day, the maleficent
influence of the presabbath, Stephen’s collapse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did Bloom discover common factors of similarity between their respective like
and unlike reactions to experience?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Both were sensitive to artistic impressions, musical in preference to plastic
or pictorial. Both preferred a continental to an insular manner of life, a
cisatlantic to a transatlantic place of residence. Both indurated by early
domestic training and an inherited tenacity of heterodox resistance professed
their disbelief in many orthodox religious, national, social and ethical
doctrines. Both admitted the alternately stimulating and obtunding influence of
heterosexual magnetism.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Were their views on some points divergent?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen dissented openly from Bloom’s views on the importance of dietary and
civic selfhelp while Bloom dissented tacitly from Stephen’s views on the
eternal affirmation of the spirit of man in literature. Bloom assented covertly
to Stephen’s rectification of the anachronism involved in assigning the date of
the conversion of the Irish nation to christianity from druidism by Patrick son
of Calpornus, son of Potitus, son of Odyssus, sent by pope Celestine I in the
year 432 in the reign of Leary to the year 260 or thereabouts in the reign of
Cormac MacArt († 266 A.D.), suffocated by imperfect deglutition of aliment at
Sletty and interred at Rossnaree. The collapse which Bloom ascribed to gastric
inanition and certain chemical compounds of varying degrees of adulteration and
alcoholic strength, accelerated by mental exertion and the velocity of rapid
circular motion in a relaxing atmosphere, Stephen attributed to the
reapparition of a matutinal cloud (perceived by both from two different points
of observation Sandycove and Dublin) at first no bigger than a woman’s hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was there one point on which their views were equal and negative?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The influence of gaslight or electric light on the growth of adjoining
paraheliotropic trees.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Had Bloom discussed similar subjects during nocturnal perambulations in the
past?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In 1884 with Owen Goldberg and Cecil Turnbull at night on public thoroughfares
between Longwood avenue and Leonard’s corner and Leonard’s corner and Synge
street and Synge street and Bloomfield avenue. In 1885 with Percy Apjohn in the
evenings, reclined against the wall between Gibraltar villa and Bloomfield
house in Crumlin, barony of Uppercross. In 1886 occasionally with casual
acquaintances and prospective purchasers on doorsteps, in front parlours, in
third class railway carriages of suburban lines. In 1888 frequently with major
Brian Tweedy and his daughter Miss Marion Tweedy, together and separately on
the lounge in Matthew Dillon’s house in Roundtown. Once in 1892 and once in
1893 with Julius (Juda) Mastiansky, on both occasions in the parlour of his
(Bloom’s) house in Lombard street, west.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What reflection concerning the irregular sequence of dates 1884, 1885, 1886,
1888, 1892, 1893, 1904 did Bloom make before their arrival at their
destination?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He reflected that the progressive extension of the field of individual
development and experience was regressively accompanied by a restriction of the
converse domain of interindividual relations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As in what ways?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From inexistence to existence he came to many and was as one received:
existence with existence he was with any as any with any: from existence to
nonexistence gone he would be by all as none perceived.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What act did Bloom make on their arrival at their destination?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At the housesteps of the 4th of the equidifferent uneven numbers, number 7
Eccles street, he inserted his hand mechanically into the back pocket of his
trousers to obtain his latchkey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was it there?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was in the corresponding pocket of the trousers which he had worn on the day
but one preceding.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why was he doubly irritated?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because he had forgotten and because he remembered that he had reminded himself
twice not to forget.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What were then the alternatives before the, premeditatedly (respectively) and
inadvertently, keyless couple?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To enter or not to enter. To knock or not to knock.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom’s decision?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A stratagem. Resting his feet on the dwarf wall, he climbed over the area
railings, compressed his hat on his head, grasped two points at the lower union
of rails and stiles, lowered his body gradually by its length of five feet nine
inches and a half to within two feet ten inches of the area pavement and
allowed his body to move freely in space by separating himself from the
railings and crouching in preparation for the impact of the fall.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did he fall?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By his body’s known weight of eleven stone and four pounds in avoirdupois
measure, as certified by the graduated machine for periodical selfweighing in
the premises of Francis Froedman, pharmaceutical chemist of 19 Frederick
street, north, on the last feast of the Ascension, to wit, the twelfth day of
May of the bissextile year one thousand nine hundred and four of the christian
era (jewish era five thousand six hundred and sixtyfour, mohammadan era one
thousand three hundred and twentytwo), golden number 5, epact 13, solar cycle
9, dominical letters C B, Roman indiction 2, Julian period 6617, MCMIV.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did he rise uninjured by concussion?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Regaining new stable equilibrium he rose uninjured though concussed by the
impact, raised the latch of the area door by the exertion of force at its
freely moving flange and by leverage of the first kind applied at its fulcrum,
gained retarded access to the kitchen through the subadjacent scullery, ignited
a lucifer match by friction, set free inflammable coal gas by turning on the
ventcock, lit a high flame which, by regulating, he reduced to quiescent
candescence and lit finally a portable candle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What discrete succession of images did Stephen meanwhile perceive?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reclined against the area railings he perceived through the transparent kitchen
panes a man regulating a gasflame of 14 CP, a man lighting a candle of 1 CP, a
man removing in turn each of his two boots, a man leaving the kitchen holding a
candle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did the man reappear elsewhere?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After a lapse of four minutes the glimmer of his candle was discernible through
the semitransparent semicircular glass fanlight over the halldoor. The halldoor
turned gradually on its hinges. In the open space of the doorway the man
reappeared without his hat, with his candle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did Stephen obey his sign?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes, entering softly, he helped to close and chain the door and followed softly
along the hallway the man’s back and listed feet and lighted candle past a
lighted crevice of doorway on the left and carefully down a turning staircase
of more than five steps into the kitchen of Bloom’s house.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What did Bloom do?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He extinguished the candle by a sharp expiration of breath upon its flame, drew
two spoonseat deal chairs to the hearthstone, one for Stephen with its back to
the area window, the other for himself when necessary, knelt on one knee,
composed in the grate a pyre of crosslaid resintipped sticks and various
coloured papers and irregular polygons of best Abram coal at twentyone
shillings a ton from the yard of Messrs Flower and M’Donald of 14 D’Olier
street, kindled it at three projecting points of paper with one ignited lucifer
match, thereby releasing the potential energy contained in the fuel by allowing
its carbon and hydrogen elements to enter into free union with the oxygen of
the air.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Of what similar apparitions did Stephen think?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Of others elsewhere in other times who, kneeling on one knee or on two, had
kindled fires for him, of Brother Michael in the infirmary of the college of
the Society of Jesus at Clongowes Wood, Sallins, in the county of Kildare: of
his father, Simon Dedalus, in an unfurnished room of his first residence in
Dublin, number thirteen Fitzgibbon street: of his godmother Miss Kate Morkan in
the house of her dying sister Miss Julia Morkan at 15 Usher’s Island: of his
aunt Sara, wife of Richie (Richard) Goulding, in the kitchen of their lodgings
at 62 Clanbrassil street: of his mother Mary, wife of Simon Dedalus, in the
kitchen of number twelve North Richmond street on the morning of the feast of
Saint Francis Xavier 1898: of the dean of studies, Father Butt, in the physics’
theatre of university College, 16 Stephen’s Green, north: of his sister Dilly
(Delia) in his father’s house in Cabra.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What did Stephen see on raising his gaze to the height of a yard from the fire
towards the opposite wall?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Under a row of five coiled spring housebells a curvilinear rope, stretched
between two holdfasts athwart across the recess beside the chimney pier, from
which hung four smallsized square handkerchiefs folded unattached consecutively
in adjacent rectangles and one pair of ladies’ grey hose with Lisle suspender
tops and feet in their habitual position clamped by three erect wooden pegs two
at their outer extremities and the third at their point of junction.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What did Bloom see on the range?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On the right (smaller) hob a blue enamelled saucepan: on the left (larger) hob
a black iron kettle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What did Bloom do at the range?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He removed the saucepan to the left hob, rose and carried the iron kettle to
the sink in order to tap the current by turning the faucet to let it flow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did it flow?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes. From Roundwood reservoir in county Wicklow of a cubic capacity of 2400
million gallons, percolating through a subterranean aqueduct of filter mains of
single and double pipeage constructed at an initial plant cost of £ 5 per
linear yard by way of the Dargle, Rathdown, Glen of the Downs and Callowhill to
the 26 acre reservoir at Stillorgan, a distance of 22 statute miles, and
thence, through a system of relieving tanks, by a gradient of 250 feet to the
city boundary at Eustace bridge, upper Leeson street, though from prolonged
summer drouth and daily supply of 12 1/2 million gallons the water had fallen
below the sill of the overflow weir for which reason the borough surveyor and
waterworks engineer, Mr Spencer Harty, C. E., on the instructions of the
waterworks committee had prohibited the use of municipal water for purposes
other than those of consumption (envisaging the possibility of recourse being
had to the impotable water of the Grand and Royal canals as in 1893)
particularly as the South Dublin Guardians, notwithstanding their ration of 15
gallons per day per pauper supplied through a 6 inch meter, had been convicted
of a wastage of 20,000 gallons per night by a reading of their meter on the
affirmation of the law agent of the corporation, Mr Ignatius Rice, solicitor,
thereby acting to the detriment of another section of the public,
selfsupporting taxpayers, solvent, sound.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What in water did Bloom, waterlover, drawer of water, watercarrier, returning
to the range, admire?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Its universality: its democratic equality and constancy to its nature in
seeking its own level: its vastness in the ocean of Mercator’s projection: its
unplumbed profundity in the Sundam trench of the Pacific exceeding 8000
fathoms: the restlessness of its waves and surface particles visiting in turn
all points of its seaboard: the independence of its units: the variability of
states of sea: its hydrostatic quiescence in calm: its hydrokinetic turgidity
in neap and spring tides: its subsidence after devastation: its sterility in
the circumpolar icecaps, arctic and antarctic: its climatic and commercial
significance: its preponderance of 3 to 1 over the dry land of the globe: its
indisputable hegemony extending in square leagues over all the region below the
subequatorial tropic of Capricorn: the multisecular stability of its primeval
basin: its luteofulvous bed: its capacity to dissolve and hold in solution all
soluble substances including millions of tons of the most precious metals: its
slow erosions of peninsulas and islands, its persistent formation of homothetic
islands, peninsulas and downwardtending promontories: its alluvial deposits:
its weight and volume and density: its imperturbability in lagoons and highland
tarns: its gradation of colours in the torrid and temperate and frigid zones:
its vehicular ramifications in continental lakecontained streams and confluent
oceanflowing rivers with their tributaries and transoceanic currents,
gulfstream, north and south equatorial courses: its violence in seaquakes,
waterspouts, Artesian wells, eruptions, torrents, eddies, freshets, spates,
groundswells, watersheds, waterpartings, geysers, cataracts, whirlpools,
maelstroms, inundations, deluges, cloudbursts: its vast circumterrestrial
ahorizontal curve: its secrecy in springs and latent humidity, revealed by
rhabdomantic or hygrometric instruments and exemplified by the well by the hole
in the wall at Ashtown gate, saturation of air, distillation of dew: the
simplicity of its composition, two constituent parts of hydrogen with one
constituent part of oxygen: its healing virtues: its buoyancy in the waters of
the Dead Sea: its persevering penetrativeness in runnels, gullies, inadequate
dams, leaks on shipboard: its properties for cleansing, quenching thirst and
fire, nourishing vegetation: its infallibility as paradigm and paragon: its
metamorphoses as vapour, mist, cloud, rain, sleet, snow, hail: its strength in
rigid hydrants: its variety of forms in loughs and bays and gulfs and bights
and guts and lagoons and atolls and archipelagos and sounds and fjords and
minches and tidal estuaries and arms of sea: its solidity in glaciers,
icebergs, icefloes: its docility in working hydraulic millwheels, turbines,
dynamos, electric power stations, bleachworks, tanneries, scutchmills: its
utility in canals, rivers, if navigable, floating and graving docks: its
potentiality derivable from harnessed tides or watercourses falling from level
to level: its submarine fauna and flora (anacoustic, photophobe), numerically,
if not literally, the inhabitants of the globe: its ubiquity as constituting 90
% of the human body: the noxiousness of its effluvia in lacustrine marshes,
pestilential fens, faded flowerwater, stagnant pools in the waning moon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Having set the halffilled kettle on the now burning coals, why did he return to
the stillflowing tap?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To wash his soiled hands with a partially consumed tablet of Barrington’s
lemonflavoured soap, to which paper still adhered, (bought thirteen hours
previously for fourpence and still unpaid for), in fresh cold neverchanging
everchanging water and dry them, face and hands, in a long redbordered holland
cloth passed over a wooden revolving roller.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What reason did Stephen give for declining Bloom’s offer?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That he was hydrophobe, hating partial contact by immersion or total by
submersion in cold water, (his last bath having taken place in the month of
October of the preceding year), disliking the aqueous substances of glass and
crystal, distrusting aquacities of thought and language.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What impeded Bloom from giving Stephen counsels of hygiene and prophylactic to
which should be added suggestions concerning a preliminary wetting of the head
and contraction of the muscles with rapid splashing of the face and neck and
thoracic and epigastric region in case of sea or river bathing, the parts of
the human anatomy most sensitive to cold being the nape, stomach and thenar or
sole of foot?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The incompatibility of aquacity with the erratic originality of genius.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What additional didactic counsels did he similarly repress?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dietary: concerning the respective percentage of protein and caloric energy in
bacon, salt ling and butter, the absence of the former in the lastnamed and the
abundance of the latter in the firstnamed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Which seemed to the host to be the predominant qualities of his guest?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Confidence in himself, an equal and opposite power of abandonment and
recuperation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What concomitant phenomenon took place in the vessel of liquid by the agency of
fire?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The phenomenon of ebullition. Fanned by a constant updraught of ventilation
between the kitchen and the chimneyflue, ignition was communicated from the
faggots of precombustible fuel to polyhedral masses of bituminous coal,
containing in compressed mineral form the foliated fossilised decidua of
primeval forests which had in turn derived their vegetative existence from the
sun, primal source of heat (radiant), transmitted through omnipresent
luminiferous diathermanous ether. Heat (convected), a mode of motion developed
by such combustion, was constantly and increasingly conveyed from the source of
calorification to the liquid contained in the vessel, being radiated through
the uneven unpolished dark surface of the metal iron, in part reflected, in
part absorbed, in part transmitted, gradually raising the temperature of the
water from normal to boiling point, a rise in temperature expressible as the
result of an expenditure of 72 thermal units needed to raise 1 pound of water
from 50° to 212° Fahrenheit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What announced the accomplishment of this rise in temperature?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A double falciform ejection of water vapour from under the kettlelid at both
sides simultaneously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For what personal purpose could Bloom have applied the water so boiled?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To shave himself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What advantages attended shaving by night?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A softer beard: a softer brush if intentionally allowed to remain from shave to
shave in its agglutinated lather: a softer skin if unexpectedly encountering
female acquaintances in remote places at incustomary hours: quiet reflections
upon the course of the day: a cleaner sensation when awaking after a fresher
sleep since matutinal noises, premonitions and perturbations, a clattered
milkcan, a postman’s double knock, a paper read, reread while lathering,
relathering the same spot, a shock, a shoot, with thought of aught he sought
though fraught with nought might cause a faster rate of shaving and a nick on
which incision plaster with precision cut and humected and applied adhered:
which was to be done.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why did absence of light disturb him less than presence of noise?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because of the surety of the sense of touch in his firm full masculine feminine
passive active hand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What quality did it (his hand) possess but with what counteracting influence?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The operative surgical quality but that he was reluctant to shed human blood
even when the end justified the means, preferring, in their natural order,
heliotherapy, psychophysicotherapeutics, osteopathic surgery.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What lay under exposure on the lower, middle and upper shelves of the kitchen
dresser, opened by Bloom?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On the lower shelf five vertical breakfast plates, six horizontal breakfast
saucers on which rested inverted breakfast cups, a moustachecup, uninverted,
and saucer of Crown Derby, four white goldrimmed eggcups, an open shammy purse
displaying coins, mostly copper, and a phial of aromatic (violet) comfits. On
the middle shelf a chipped eggcup containing pepper, a drum of table salt, four
conglomerated black olives in oleaginous paper, an empty pot of Plumtree’s
potted meat, an oval wicker basket bedded with fibre and containing one Jersey
pear, a halfempty bottle of William Gilbey and Co’s white invalid port, half
disrobed of its swathe of coralpink tissue paper, a packet of Epps’s soluble
cocoa, five ounces of Anne Lynch’s choice tea at 2/- per lb in a crinkled
leadpaper bag, a cylindrical canister containing the best crystallised lump
sugar, two onions, one, the larger, Spanish, entire, the other, smaller, Irish,
bisected with augmented surface and more redolent, a jar of Irish Model Dairy’s
cream, a jug of brown crockery containing a naggin and a quarter of soured
adulterated milk, converted by heat into water, acidulous serum and
semisolidified curds, which added to the quantity subtracted for Mr Bloom’s and
Mrs Fleming’s breakfasts, made one imperial pint, the total quantity originally
delivered, two cloves, a halfpenny and a small dish containing a slice of fresh
ribsteak. On the upper shelf a battery of jamjars (empty) of various sizes and
proveniences.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What attracted his attention lying on the apron of the dresser?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Four polygonal fragments of two lacerated scarlet betting tickets, numbered 8
87, 88 6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What reminiscences temporarily corrugated his brow?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reminiscences of coincidences, truth stranger than fiction, preindicative of
the result of the Gold Cup flat handicap, the official and definitive result of
which he had read in the <em>Evening Telegraph</em>, late pink edition, in the
cabman’s shelter, at Butt bridge.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Where had previous intimations of the result, effected or projected, been
received by him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Bernard Kiernan’s licensed premises 8, 9 and 10 little Britain street: in
David Byrne’s licensed premises, 14 Duke street: in O’Connell street lower,
outside Graham Lemon’s when a dark man had placed in his hand a throwaway
(subsequently thrown away), advertising Elijah, restorer of the church in Zion:
in Lincoln place outside the premises of F. W. Sweny and Co (Limited),
dispensing chemists, when, when Frederick M. (Bantam) Lyons had rapidly and
successively requested, perused and restituted the copy of the current issue of
the <em>Freeman’s Journal</em> and <em>National Press</em> which he had been about
to throw away (subsequently thrown away), he had proceeded towards the oriental
edifice of the Turkish and Warm Baths, 11 Leinster street, with the light of
inspiration shining in his countenance and bearing in his arms the secret of
the race, graven in the language of prediction.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What qualifying considerations allayed his perturbations?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The difficulties of interpretation since the significance of any event followed
its occurrence as variably as the acoustic report followed the electrical
discharge and of counterestimating against an actual loss by failure to
interpret the total sum of possible losses proceeding originally from a
successful interpretation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His mood?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He had not risked, he did not expect, he had not been disappointed, he was
satisfied.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What satisfied him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To have sustained no positive loss. To have brought a positive gain to others.
Light to the gentiles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How did Bloom prepare a collation for a gentile?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He poured into two teacups two level spoonfuls, four in all, of Epps’s soluble
cocoa and proceeded according to the directions for use printed on the label,
to each adding after sufficient time for infusion the prescribed ingredients
for diffusion in the manner and in the quantity prescribed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What supererogatory marks of special hospitality did the host show his guest?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Relinquishing his symposiarchal right to the moustache cup of imitation Crown
Derby presented to him by his only daughter, Millicent (Milly), he substituted
a cup identical with that of his guest and served extraordinarily to his guest
and, in reduced measure, to himself the viscous cream ordinarily reserved for
the breakfast of his wife Marion (Molly).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was the guest conscious of and did he acknowledge these marks of hospitality?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His attention was directed to them by his host jocosely, and he accepted them
seriously as they drank in jocoserious silence Epps’s massproduct, the creature
cocoa.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Were there marks of hospitality which he contemplated but suppressed, reserving
them for another and for himself on future occasions to complete the act begun?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The reparation of a fissure of the length of 1 1/2 inches in the right side of
his guest’s jacket. A gift to his guest of one of the four lady’s
handkerchiefs, if and when ascertained to be in a presentable condition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Who drank more quickly?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom, having the advantage of ten seconds at the initiation and taking, from
the concave surface of a spoon along the handle of which a steady flow of heat
was conducted, three sips to his opponent’s one, six to two, nine to three.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What cerebration accompanied his frequentative act?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Concluding by inspection but erroneously that his silent companion was engaged
in mental composition he reflected on the pleasures derived from literature of
instruction rather than of amusement as he himself had applied to the works of
William Shakespeare more than once for the solution of difficult problems in
imaginary or real life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Had he found their solution?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In spite of careful and repeated reading of certain classical passages, aided
by a glossary, he had derived imperfect conviction from the text, the answers
not bearing in all points.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What lines concluded his first piece of original verse written by him,
potential poet, at the age of 11 in 1877 on the occasion of the offering of
three prizes of 10/-, 5/- and 2/6 respectively for competition by the
<em>Shamrock</em>, a weekly newspaper?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An ambition to squint<br/>At my verses in print<br/>Makes me hope that for these you’ll find room.<br/>If you so condescend<br/>Then please place at the end<br/>The name of yours truly, L. Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did he find four separating forces between his temporary guest and him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Name, age, race, creed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What anagrams had he made on his name in youth?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Leopold Bloom<br/>Ellpodbomool<br/>Molldopeloob<br/>Bollopedoom<br/>Old Ollebo, M. P.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What acrostic upon the abbreviation of his first name had he (kinetic poet)
sent to Miss Marion (Molly) Tweedy on the 14 February 1888?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>P</strong>oets oft have sung in rhyme<br/><strong>O</strong>f music sweet their praise divine.<br/><strong>L</strong>et them hymn it nine times nine.<br/><strong>D</strong>earer far than song or wine.<br/><strong>Y</strong>ou are mine. The world is mine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What had prevented him from completing a topical song (music by R. G. Johnston)
on the events of the past, or fixtures for the actual, years, entitled <em>If
Brian Boru could but come back and see old Dublin now</em>, commissioned by
Michael Gunn, lessee of the Gaiety Theatre, 46, 47, 48, 49 South King street,
and to be introduced into the sixth scene, the valley of diamonds, of the
second edition (30 January 1893) of the grand annual Christmas pantomime
<em>Sinbad the Sailor</em> (produced by R. Shelton 26 December 1892, written by
Greenleaf Whittier, scenery by George A. Jackson and Cecil Hicks, costumes by
Mrs and Miss Whelan under the personal supervision of Mrs Michael Gunn, ballets
by Jessie Noir, harlequinade by Thomas Otto) and sung by Nelly Bouverist,
principal girl?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Firstly, oscillation between events of imperial and of local interest, the
anticipated diamond jubilee of Queen Victoria (born 1820, acceded 1837) and the
posticipated opening of the new municipal fish market: secondly, apprehension
of opposition from extreme circles on the questions of the respective visits of
Their Royal Highnesses the duke and duchess of York (real) and of His Majesty
King Brian Boru (imaginary): thirdly, a conflict between professional etiquette
and professional emulation concerning the recent erections of the Grand Lyric
Hall on Burgh Quay and the Theatre Royal in Hawkins street: fourthly,
distraction resultant from compassion for Nelly Bouverist’s non-intellectual,
non-political, non-topical expression of countenance and concupiscence caused
by Nelly Bouverist’s revelations of white articles of non-intellectual,
non-political, non-topical underclothing while she (Nelly Bouverist) was in the
articles: fifthly, the difficulties of the selection of appropriate music and
humorous allusions from <em>Everybody’s Book of Jokes</em> (1000 pages and a
laugh in every one): sixthly, the rhymes, homophonous and cacophonous,
associated with the names of the new lord mayor, Daniel Tallon, the new high
sheriff, Thomas Pile and the new solicitorgeneral, Dunbar Plunket Barton.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What relation existed between their ages?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>16 years before in 1888 when Bloom was of Stephen’s present age Stephen was 6.
16 years after in 1920 when Stephen would be of Bloom’s present age Bloom would
be 54. In 1936 when Bloom would be 70 and Stephen 54 their ages initially in
the ratio of 16 to 0 would be as 17 1/2 to 13 1/2, the proportion increasing
and the disparity diminishing according as arbitrary future years were added,
for if the proportion existing in 1883 had continued immutable, conceiving that
to be possible, till then 1904 when Stephen was 22 Bloom would be 374 and in
1920 when Stephen would be 38, as Bloom then was, Bloom would be 646 while in
1952 when Stephen would have attained the maximum postdiluvian age of 70 Bloom,
being 1190 years alive having been born in the year 714, would have surpassed
by 221 years the maximum antediluvian age, that of Methusalah, 969 years,
while, if Stephen would continue to live until he would attain that age in the
year 3072 A.D., Bloom would have been obliged to have been alive 83,300 years,
having been obliged to have been born in the year 81,396 B.C.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What events might nullify these calculations?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The cessation of existence of both or either, the inauguration of a new era or
calendar, the annihilation of the world and consequent extermination of the
human species, inevitable but impredictable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How many previous encounters proved their preexisting acquaintance?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Two. The first in the lilacgarden of Matthew Dillon’s house, Medina Villa,
Kimmage road, Roundtown, in 1887, in the company of Stephen’s mother, Stephen
being then of the age of 5 and reluctant to give his hand in salutation. The
second in the coffeeroom of Breslin’s hotel on a rainy Sunday in the January of
1892, in the company of Stephen’s father and Stephen’s granduncle, Stephen
being then 5 years older.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did Bloom accept the invitation to dinner given then by the son and afterwards
seconded by the father?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Very gratefully, with grateful appreciation, with sincere appreciative
gratitude, in appreciatively grateful sincerity of regret, he declined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did their conversation on the subject of these reminiscences reveal a third
connecting link between them?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Mrs Riordan (Dante), a widow of independent means, had resided in the house of
Stephen’s parents from 1 September 1888 to 29 December 1891 and had also
resided during the years 1892, 1893 and 1894 in the City Arms Hotel owned by
Elizabeth O’Dowd of 54 Prussia street where, during parts of the years 1893 and
1894, she had been a constant informant of Bloom who resided also in the same
hotel, being at that time a clerk in the employment of Joseph Cuffe of 5
Smithfield for the superintendence of sales in the adjacent Dublin Cattle
market on the North Circular road.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Had he performed any special corporal work of mercy for her?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He had sometimes propelled her on warm summer evenings, an infirm widow of
independent, if limited, means, in her convalescent bathchair with slow
revolutions of its wheels as far as the corner of the North Circular road
opposite Mr Gavin Low’s place of business where she had remained for a certain
time scanning through his onelensed binocular fieldglasses unrecognisable
citizens on tramcars, roadster bicycles equipped with inflated pneumatic tyres,
hackney carriages, tandems, private and hired landaus, dogcarts, ponytraps and
brakes passing from the city to the Phoenix Park and <em>vice versa</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why could he then support that his vigil with the greater equanimity?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because in middle youth he had often sat observing through a rondel of bossed
glass of a multicoloured pane the spectacle offered with continual changes of
the thoroughfare without, pedestrians, quadrupeds, velocipedes, vehicles,
passing slowly, quickly, evenly, round and round and round the rim of a round
and round precipitous globe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What distinct different memories had each of her now eight years deceased?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The older, her bezique cards and counters, her Skye terrier, her suppositious
wealth, her lapses of responsiveness and incipient catarrhal deafness: the
younger, her lamp of colza oil before the statue of the Immaculate Conception,
her green and maroon brushes for Charles Stewart Parnell and for Michael
Davitt, her tissue papers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Were there no means still remaining to him to achieve the rejuvenation which
these reminiscences divulged to a younger companion rendered the more
desirable?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The indoor exercises, formerly intermittently practised, subsequently
abandoned, prescribed in Eugen Sandow’s <em>Physical Strength and How to Obtain
It</em> which, designed particularly for commercial men engaged in sedentary
occupations, were to be made with mental concentration in front of a mirror so
as to bring into play the various families of muscles and produce successively
a pleasant rigidity, a more pleasant relaxation and the most pleasant
repristination of juvenile agility.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Had any special agility been his in earlier youth?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Though ringweight lifting had been beyond his strength and the full circle
gyration beyond his courage yet as a High school scholar he had excelled in his
stable and protracted execution of the half lever movement on the parallel bars
in consequence of his abnormally developed abdominal muscles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did either openly allude to their racial difference?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Neither.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What, reduced to their simplest reciprocal form, were Bloom’s thoughts about
Stephen’s thoughts about Bloom and about Stephen’s thoughts about Bloom’s
thoughts about Stephen?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He thought that he thought that he was a jew whereas he knew that he knew that
he knew that he was not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What, the enclosures of reticence removed, were their respective parentages?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom, only born male transubstantial heir of Rudolf Virag (subsequently
Rudolph Bloom) of Szombathely, Vienna, Budapest, Milan, London and Dublin and
of Ellen Higgins, second daughter of Julius Higgins (born Karoly) and Fanny
Higgins (born Hegarty). Stephen, eldest surviving male consubstantial heir of
Simon Dedalus of Cork and Dublin and of Mary, daughter of Richard and Christina
Goulding (born Grier).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Had Bloom and Stephen been baptised, and where and by whom, cleric or layman?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom (three times), by the reverend Mr Gilmer Johnston M. A., alone, in the
protestant church of Saint Nicholas Without, Coombe, by James O’Connor, Philip
Gilligan and James Fitzpatrick, together, under a pump in the village of
Swords, and by the reverend Charles Malone C. C., in the church of the Three
Patrons, Rathgar. Stephen (once) by the reverend Charles Malone C. C., alone,
in the church of the Three Patrons, Rathgar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did they find their educational careers similar?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Substituting Stephen for Bloom Stoom would have passed successively through a
dame’s school and the high school. Substituting Bloom for Stephen Blephen would
have passed successively through the preparatory, junior, middle and senior
grades of the intermediate and through the matriculation, first arts, second
arts and arts degree courses of the royal university.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why did Bloom refrain from stating that he had frequented the university of
life?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because of his fluctuating incertitude as to whether this observation had or
had not been already made by him to Stephen or by Stephen to him.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What two temperaments did they individually represent?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The scientific. The artistic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What proofs did Bloom adduce to prove that his tendency was towards applied,
rather than towards pure, science?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Certain possible inventions of which he had cogitated when reclining in a state
of supine repletion to aid digestion, stimulated by his appreciation of the
importance of inventions now common but once revolutionary, for example, the
aeronautic parachute, the reflecting telescope, the spiral corkscrew, the
safety pin, the mineral water siphon, the canal lock with winch and sluice, the
suction pump.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Were these inventions principally intended for an improved scheme of
kindergarten?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes, rendering obsolete popguns, elastic airbladders, games of hazard,
catapults. They comprised astronomical kaleidoscopes exhibiting the twelve
constellations of the zodiac from Aries to Pisces, miniature mechanical
orreries, arithmetical gelatine lozenges, geometrical to correspond with
zoological biscuits, globemap playing balls, historically costumed dolls.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What also stimulated him in his cogitations?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The financial success achieved by Ephraim Marks and Charles A. James, the
former by his 1d bazaar at 42 George’s street, south, the latter at his 6 1/2d
shop and world’s fancy fair and waxwork exhibition at 30 Henry street,
admission 2d, children 1d: and the infinite possibilities hitherto unexploited
of the modern art of advertisement if condensed in triliteral monoideal
symbols, vertically of maximum visibility (divined), horizontally of maximum
legibility (deciphered) and of magnetising efficacy to arrest involuntary
attention, to interest, to convince, to decide.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Such as?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>K. 11. Kino’s 11/— Trousers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>House of Keys. Alexander J. Keyes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Such as not?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Look at this long candle. Calculate when it burns out and you receive gratis 1
pair of our special non-compo boots, guaranteed 1 candle power. Address:
Barclay and Cook, 18 Talbot street.<br/>Bacilikil (Insect Powder).<br/>Veribest (Boot Blacking).<br/>Uwantit (Combined pocket twoblade penknife with corkscrew, nailfile and
pipecleaner).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Such as never?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What is home without Plumtree’s Potted Meat?<br/>Incomplete.<br/>With it an abode of bliss.<br/>Manufactured by George Plumtree, 23 Merchants’ quay, Dublin, put up in 4 oz
pots, and inserted by Councillor Joseph P. Nannetti, M. P., Rotunda Ward, 19
Hardwicke street, under the obituary notices and anniversaries of deceases. The
name on the label is Plumtree. A plumtree in a meatpot, registered trade mark.
Beware of imitations. Peatmot. Trumplee. Moutpat. Plamtroo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Which example did he adduce to induce Stephen to deduce that originality,
though producing its own reward, does not invariably conduce to success?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His own ideated and rejected project of an illuminated showcart, drawn by a
beast of burden, in which two smartly dressed girls were to be seated engaged
in writing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What suggested scene was then constructed by Stephen?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Solitary hotel in mountain pass. Autumn. Twilight. Fire lit. In dark corner
young man seated. Young woman enters. Restless. Solitary. She sits. She goes to
window. She stands. She sits. Twilight. She thinks. On solitary hotel paper she
writes. She thinks. She writes. She sighs. Wheels and hoofs. She hurries out.
He comes from his dark corner. He seizes solitary paper. He holds it towards
fire. Twilight. He reads. Solitary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In sloping, upright and backhands: Queen’s Hotel, Queen’s Hotel, Queen’s Hotel.
Queen’s Ho...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What suggested scene was then reconstructed by Bloom?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Queen’s Hotel, Ennis, county Clare, where Rudolph Bloom (Rudolf Virag) died
on the evening of the 27 June 1886, at some hour unstated, in consequence of an
overdose of monkshood (aconite) selfadministered in the form of a neuralgic
liniment composed of 2 parts of aconite liniment to 1 of chloroform liniment
(purchased by him at 10.20 a.m. on the morning of 27 June 1886 at the medical
hall of Francis Dennehy, 17 Church street, Ennis) after having, though not in
consequence of having, purchased at 3.15 p.m. on the afternoon of 27 June 1886
a new boater straw hat, extra smart (after having, though not in consequence of
having, purchased at the hour and in the place aforesaid, the toxin aforesaid),
at the general drapery store of James Cullen, 4 Main street, Ennis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did he attribute this homonymity to information or coincidence or intuition?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Coincidence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did he depict the scene verbally for his guest to see?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He preferred himself to see another’s face and listen to another’s words by
which potential narration was realised and kinetic temperament relieved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did he see only a second coincidence in the second scene narrated to him,
described by the narrator as <em>A Pisgah Sight of Palestine</em> or <em>The
Parable of the Plums</em>?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It, with the preceding scene and with others unnarrated but existent by
implication, to which add essays on various subjects or moral apothegms (e.g.
<em>My Favourite Hero</em> or <em>Procrastination is the Thief of Time</em>)
composed during schoolyears, seemed to him to contain in itself and in
conjunction with the personal equation certain possibilities of financial,
social, personal and sexual success, whether specially collected and selected
as model pedagogic themes (of cent per cent merit) for the use of preparatory
and junior grade students or contributed in printed form, following the
precedent of Philip Beaufoy or Doctor Dick or Heblon’s <em>Studies in Blue</em>,
to a publication of certified circulation and solvency or employed verbally as
intellectual stimulation for sympathetic auditors, tacitly appreciative of
successful narrative and confidently augurative of successful achievement,
during the increasingly longer nights gradually following the summer solstice
on the day but three following, videlicet, Tuesday, 21 June (S. Aloysius
Gonzaga), sunrise 3.33 a.m., sunset 8.29 p.m.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Which domestic problem as much as, if not more than, any other frequently
engaged his mind?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What to do with our wives.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What had been his hypothetical singular solutions?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parlour games (dominos, halma, tiddledywinks, spilikins, cup and ball, nap,
spoil five, bezique, twentyfive, beggar my neighbour, draughts, chess or
backgammon): embroidery, darning or knitting for the policeaided clothing
society: musical duets, mandoline and guitar, piano and flute, guitar and
piano: legal scrivenery or envelope addressing: biweekly visits to variety
entertainments: commercial activity as pleasantly commanding and pleasingly
obeyed mistress proprietress in a cool dairy shop or warm cigar divan: the
clandestine satisfaction of erotic irritation in masculine brothels, state
inspected and medically controlled: social visits, at regular infrequent
prevented intervals and with regular frequent preventive superintendence, to
and from female acquaintances of recognised respectability in the vicinity:
courses of evening instruction specially designed to render liberal instruction
agreeable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What instances of deficient mental development in his wife inclined him in
favour of the lastmentioned (ninth) solution?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In disoccupied moments she had more than once covered a sheet of paper with
signs and hieroglyphics which she stated were Greek and Irish and Hebrew
characters. She had interrogated constantly at varying intervals as to the
correct method of writing the capital initial of the name of a city in Canada,
Quebec. She understood little of political complications, internal, or balance
of power, external. In calculating the addenda of bills she frequently had
recourse to digital aid. After completion of laconic epistolary compositions
she abandoned the implement of calligraphy in the encaustic pigment, exposed to
the corrosive action of copperas, green vitriol and nutgall. Unusual
polysyllables of foreign origin she interpreted phonetically or by false
analogy or by both: metempsychosis (met him pike hoses), <em>alias</em> (a
mendacious person mentioned in sacred scripture).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What compensated in the false balance of her intelligence for these and such
deficiencies of judgment regarding persons, places and things?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The false apparent parallelism of all perpendicular arms of all balances,
proved true by construction. The counterbalance of her proficiency of judgment
regarding one person, proved true by experiment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How had he attempted to remedy this state of comparative ignorance?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Variously. By leaving in a conspicuous place a certain book open at a certain
page: by assuming in her, when alluding explanatorily, latent knowledge: by
open ridicule in her presence of some absent other’s ignorant lapse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With what success had he attempted direct instruction?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She followed not all, a part of the whole, gave attention with interest
comprehended with surprise, with care repeated, with greater difficulty
remembered, forgot with ease, with misgiving reremembered, rerepeated with
error.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What system had proved more effective?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indirect suggestion implicating selfinterest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She disliked umbrella with rain, he liked woman with umbrella, she disliked new
hat with rain, he liked woman with new hat, he bought new hat with rain, she
carried umbrella with new hat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Accepting the analogy implied in his guest’s parable which examples of
postexilic eminence did he adduce?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Three seekers of the pure truth, Moses of Egypt, Moses Maimonides, author of
<em>More Nebukim</em> (Guide of the Perplexed) and Moses Mendelssohn of such
eminence that from Moses (of Egypt) to Moses (Mendelssohn) there arose none
like Moses (Maimonides).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What statement was made, under correction, by Bloom concerning a fourth seeker
of pure truth, by name Aristotle, mentioned, with permission, by Stephen?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That the seeker mentioned had been a pupil of a rabbinical philosopher, name
uncertain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Were other anapocryphal illustrious sons of the law and children of a selected
or rejected race mentioned?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Felix Bartholdy Mendelssohn (composer), Baruch Spinoza (philosopher), Mendoza
(pugilist), Ferdinand Lassalle (reformer, duellist).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What fragments of verse from the ancient Hebrew and ancient Irish languages
were cited with modulations of voice and translation of texts by guest to host
and by host to guest?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By Stephen: <em>suil, suil, suil arun, suil go siocair agus suil go cuin</em>
(walk, walk, walk your way, walk in safety, walk with care).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By Bloom: <em>Kifeloch, harimon rakatejch m’baad l’zamatejch</em> (thy temple
amid thy hair is as a slice of pomegranate).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How was a glyphic comparison of the phonic symbols of both languages made in
substantiation of the oral comparison?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By juxtaposition. On the penultimate blank page of a book of inferior literary
style, entituled <em>Sweets of Sin</em> (produced by Bloom and so manipulated
that its front cover came in contact with the surface of the table) with a
pencil (supplied by Stephen) Stephen wrote the Irish characters for gee, eh,
dee, em, simple and modified, and Bloom in turn wrote the Hebrew characters
ghimel, aleph, daleth and (in the absence of mem) a substituted qoph,
explaining their arithmetical values as ordinal and cardinal numbers, videlicet
3, 1, 4, and 100.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was the knowledge possessed by both of each of these languages, the extinct and
the revived, theoretical or practical?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Theoretical, being confined to certain grammatical rules of accidence and
syntax and practically excluding vocabulary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What points of contact existed between these languages and between the peoples
who spoke them?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presence of guttural sounds, diacritic aspirations, epenthetic and servile
letters in both languages: their antiquity, both having been taught on the
plain of Shinar 242 years after the deluge in the seminary instituted by Fenius
Farsaigh, descendant of Noah, progenitor of Israel, and ascendant of Heber and
Heremon, progenitors of Ireland: their archaeological, genealogical,
hagiographical, exegetical, homiletic, toponomastic, historical and religious
literatures comprising the works of rabbis and culdees, Torah, Talmud (Mischna
and Ghemara), Massor, Pentateuch, Book of the Dun Cow, Book of Ballymote,
Garland of Howth, Book of Kells: their dispersal, persecution, survival and
revival: the isolation of their synagogical and ecclesiastical rites in ghetto
(S. Mary’s Abbey) and masshouse (Adam and Eve’s tavern): the proscription of
their national costumes in penal laws and jewish dress acts: the restoration in
Chanah David of Zion and the possibility of Irish political autonomy or
devolution.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What anthem did Bloom chant partially in anticipation of that multiple,
ethnically irreducible consummation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Kolod balejwaw pnimah<br/>Nefesch, jehudi, homijah.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why was the chant arrested at the conclusion of this first distich?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In consequence of defective mnemotechnic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How did the chanter compensate for this deficiency?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By a periphrastic version of the general text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In what common study did their mutual reflections merge?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The increasing simplification traceable from the Egyptian epigraphic
hieroglyphs to the Greek and Roman alphabets and the anticipation of modern
stenography and telegraphic code in the cuneiform inscriptions (Semitic) and
the virgular quinquecostate ogham writing (Celtic).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did the guest comply with his host’s request?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Doubly, by appending his signature in Irish and Roman characters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What was Stephen’s auditive sensation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He heard in a profound ancient male unfamiliar melody the accumulation of the
past.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What was Bloom’s visual sensation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He saw in a quick young male familiar form the predestination of a future.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What were Stephen’s and Bloom’s quasisimultaneous volitional quasisensations of
concealed identities?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Visually, Stephen’s: The traditional figure of hypostasis, depicted by Johannes
Damascenus, Lentulus Romanus and Epiphanius Monachus as leucodermic,
sesquipedalian with winedark hair.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Auditively, Bloom’s: The traditional accent of the ecstasy of catastrophe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What future careers had been possible for Bloom in the past and with what
exemplars?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the church, Roman, Anglican or Nonconformist: exemplars, the very reverend
John Conmee S. J., the reverend T. Salmon, D. D., provost of Trinity college,
Dr Alexander J. Dowie. At the bar, English or Irish: exemplars, Seymour Bushe,
K. C., Rufus Isaacs, K. C. On the stage, modern or Shakespearean: exemplars,
Charles Wyndham, high comedian, Osmond Tearle († 1901), exponent of
Shakespeare.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did the host encourage his guest to chant in a modulated voice a strange legend
on an allied theme?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reassuringly, their place, where none could hear them talk, being secluded,
reassured, the decocted beverages, allowing for subsolid residual sediment of a
mechanical mixture, water plus sugar plus cream plus cocoa, having been
consumed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Recite the first (major) part of this chanted legend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Little Harry Hughes and his schoolfellows all<br/>Went out for to play ball.<br/>And the very first ball little Harry Hughes played<br/>He drove it o’er the jew’s garden wall.<br/>And the very second ball little Harry Hughes played<br/>He broke the jew’s windows all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-25.htm.html"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-25.htm.html_pgepubid00084" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group fig">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-25.htm.html_img_images_littleharryhughes.jpg">littleharryhughes</span><br/><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How did the son of Rudolph receive this first part?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With unmixed feeling. Smiling, a jew, he heard with pleasure and saw the
unbroken kitchen window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Recite the second part (minor) of the legend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then out there came the jew’s daughter<br/>And she all dressed in green.<br/>“Come back, come back, you pretty little boy,<br/>And play your ball again.”<br/><br/>I can’t come back and I won’t come back<br/>Without my schoolfellows all.<br/>For if my master he did hear<br/>He’d make it a sorry ball.”<br/><br/>She took him by the lilywhite hand<br/>And led him along the hall<br/>Until she led him to a room<br/>Where none could hear him call.<br/><br/>She took a penknife out of her pocket<br/>And cut off his little head.<br/>And now he’ll play his ball no more<br/>For he lies among the dead.<br/><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group fig">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-25.htm.html_img_images_outcamethejew.jpg">outcamethejew</span><br/><br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How did the father of Millicent receive this second part?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With mixed feelings. Unsmiling, he heard and saw with wonder a jew’s daughter,
all dressed in green.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Condense Stephen’s commentary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One of all, the least of all, is the victim predestined. Once by inadvertence
twice by design he challenges his destiny. It comes when he is abandoned and
challenges him reluctant and, as an apparition of hope and youth, holds him
unresisting. It leads him to a strange habitation, to a secret infidel
apartment, and there, implacable, immolates him, consenting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why was the host (victim predestined) sad?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He wished that a tale of a deed should be told of a deed not by him should by
him not be told.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why was the host (reluctant, unresisting) still?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In accordance with the law of the conservation of energy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why was the host (secret infidel) silent?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He weighed the possible evidences for and against ritual murder: the
incitations of the hierarchy, the superstition of the populace, the propagation
of rumour in continued fraction of veridicity, the envy of opulence, the
influence of retaliation, the sporadic reappearance of atavistic delinquency,
the mitigating circumstances of fanaticism, hypnotic suggestion and
somnambulism.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From which (if any) of these mental or physical disorders was he not totally
immune?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From hypnotic suggestion: once, waking, he had not recognised his sleeping
apartment: more than once, waking, he had been for an indefinite time incapable
of moving or uttering sounds. From somnambulism: once, sleeping, his body had
risen, crouched and crawled in the direction of a heatless fire and, having
attained its destination, there, curled, unheated, in night attire had lain,
sleeping.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Had this latter or any cognate phenomenon declared itself in any member of his
family?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Twice, in Holles street and in Ontario terrace, his daughter Millicent (Milly)
at the ages of 6 and 8 years had uttered in sleep an exclamation of terror and
had replied to the interrogations of two figures in night attire with a vacant
mute expression.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What other infantile memories had he of her?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>15 June 1889. A querulous newborn female infant crying to cause and lessen
congestion. A child renamed Padney Socks she shook with shocks her moneybox:
counted his three free moneypenny buttons, one, tloo, tlee: a doll, a boy, a
sailor she cast away: blond, born of two dark, she had blond ancestry, remote,
a violation, Herr Hauptmann Hainau, Austrian army, proximate, a hallucination,
lieutenant Mulvey, British navy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What endemic characteristics were present?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Conversely the nasal and frontal formation was derived in a direct line of
lineage which, though interrupted, would continue at distant intervals to more
distant intervals to its most distant intervals.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What memories had he of her adolescence?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She relegated her hoop and skippingrope to a recess. On the duke’s lawn,
entreated by an English visitor, she declined to permit him to make and take
away her photographic image (objection not stated). On the South Circular road
in the company of Elsa Potter, followed by an individual of sinister aspect,
she went half way down Stamer street and turned abruptly back (reason of change
not stated). On the vigil of the 15th anniversary of her birth she wrote a
letter from Mullingar, county Westmeath, making a brief allusion to a local
student (faculty and year not stated).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did that first division, portending a second division, afflict him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Less than he had imagined, more than he had hoped.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What second departure was contemporaneously perceived by him similarly, if
differently?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A temporary departure of his cat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why similarly, why differently?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Similarly, because actuated by a secret purpose the quest of a new male
(Mullingar student) or of a healing herb (valerian). Differently, because of
different possible returns to the inhabitants or to the habitation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In other respects were their differences similar?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In passivity, in economy, in the instinct of tradition, in unexpectedness.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inasmuch as leaning she sustained her blond hair for him to ribbon it for her
(cf neckarching cat). Moreover, on the free surface of the lake in Stephen’s
green amid inverted reflections of trees her uncommented spit, describing
concentric circles of waterrings, indicated by the constancy of its permanence
the locus of a somnolent prostrate fish (cf mousewatching cat). Again, in order
to remember the date, combatants, issue and consequences of a famous military
engagement she pulled a plait of her hair (cf earwashing cat). Furthermore,
silly Milly, she dreamed of having had an unspoken unremembered conversation
with a horse whose name had been Joseph to whom (which) she had offered a
tumblerful of lemonade which it (he) had appeared to have accepted (cf
hearthdreaming cat). Hence, in passivity, in economy, in the instinct of
tradition, in unexpectedness, their differences were similar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In what way had he utilised gifts (1) an owl, 2) a clock, given as matrimonial
auguries, to interest and to instruct her?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As object lessons to explain: 1) the nature and habits of oviparous animals,
the possibility of aerial flight, certain abnormalities of vision, the secular
process of imbalsamation: 2) the principle of the pendulum, exemplified in bob,
wheelgear and regulator, the translation in terms of human or social regulation
of the various positions of clockwise moveable indicators on an unmoving dial,
the exactitude of the recurrence per hour of an instant in each hour when the
longer and the shorter indicator were at the same angle of inclination,
<em>videlicet</em>, 5 5/11 minutes past each hour per hour in arithmetical
progression.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In what manners did she reciprocate?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>She remembered: on the 27th anniversary of his birth she presented to him a
breakfast moustachecup of imitation Crown Derby porcelain ware. She provided:
at quarter day or thereabouts if or when purchases had been made by him not for
her she showed herself attentive to his necessities, anticipating his desires.
She admired: a natural phenomenon having been explained by him to her she
expressed the immediate desire to possess without gradual acquisition a
fraction of his science, the moiety, the quarter, a thousandth part.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What proposal did Bloom, diambulist, father of Milly, somnambulist, make to
Stephen, noctambulist?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To pass in repose the hours intervening between Thursday (proper) and Friday
(normal) on an extemporised cubicle in the apartment immediately above the
kitchen and immediately adjacent to the sleeping apartment of his host and
hostess.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What various advantages would or might have resulted from a prolongation of
such an extemporisation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For the guest: security of domicile and seclusion of study. For the host:
rejuvenation of intelligence, vicarious satisfaction. For the hostess:
disintegration of obsession, acquisition of correct Italian pronunciation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why might these several provisional contingencies between a guest and a hostess
not necessarily preclude or be precluded by a permanent eventuality of
reconciliatory union between a schoolfellow and a jew’s daughter?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because the way to daughter led through mother, the way to mother through
daughter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To what inconsequent polysyllabic question of his host did the guest return a
monosyllabic negative answer?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If he had known the late Mrs Emily Sinico, accidentally killed at Sydney Parade
railway station, 14 October 1903.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What inchoate corollary statement was consequently suppressed by the host?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A statement explanatory of his absence on the occasion of the interment of Mrs
Mary Dedalus (born Goulding), 26 June 1903, vigil of the anniversary of the
decease of Rudolph Bloom (born Virag).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was the proposal of asylum accepted?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Promptly, inexplicably, with amicability, gratefully it was declined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What exchange of money took place between host and guest?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The former returned to the latter, without interest, a sum of money (£ 1-7-0),
one pound seven shillings sterling, advanced by the latter to the former.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What counterproposals were alternately advanced, accepted, modified, declined,
restated in other terms, reaccepted, ratified, reconfirmed?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To inaugurate a prearranged course of Italian instruction, place the residence
of the instructed. To inaugurate a course of vocal instruction, place the
residence of the instructress. To inaugurate a series of static, semistatic and
peripatetic intellectual dialogues, places the residence of both speakers (if
both speakers were resident in the same place), the <em>Ship</em> hotel and
tavern, 6 Lower Abbey street (W. and E. Connery, proprietors), the National
Library of Ireland, 10 Kildare street, the National Maternity Hospital, 29, 30
and 31 Holles street, a public garden, the vicinity of a place of worship, a
conjunction of two or more public thoroughfares, the point of bisection of a
right line drawn between their residences (if both speakers were resident in
different places).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What rendered problematic for Bloom the realisation of these mutually
selfexcluding propositions?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The irreparability of the past: once at a performance of Albert Hengler’s
circus in the Rotunda, Rutland square, Dublin, an intuitive particoloured clown
in quest of paternity had penetrated from the ring to a place in the auditorium
where Bloom, solitary, was seated and had publicly declared to an exhilarated
audience that he (Bloom) was his (the clown’s) papa. The imprevidibility of the
future: once in the summer of 1898 he (Bloom) had marked a florin (2/-) with
three notches on the milled edge and tendered it in payment of an account due
to and received by J. and T. Davy, family grocers, 1 Charlemont Mall, Grand
Canal, for circulation on the waters of civic finance, for possible, circuitous
or direct, return.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was the clown Bloom’s son?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>No.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Had Bloom’s coin returned?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Never.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why would a recurrent frustration the more depress him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because at the critical turningpoint of human existence he desired to amend
many social conditions, the product of inequality and avarice and international
animosity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He believed then that human life was infinitely perfectible, eliminating these
conditions?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There remained the generic conditions imposed by natural, as distinct from
human law, as integral parts of the human whole: the necessity of destruction
to procure alimentary sustenance: the painful character of the ultimate
functions of separate existence, the agonies of birth and death: the monotonous
menstruation of simian and (particularly) human females extending from the age
of puberty to the menopause: inevitable accidents at sea, in mines and
factories: certain very painful maladies and their resultant surgical
operations, innate lunacy and congenital criminality, decimating epidemics:
catastrophic cataclysms which make terror the basis of human mentality: seismic
upheavals the epicentres of which are located in densely populated regions: the
fact of vital growth, through convulsions of metamorphosis, from infancy
through maturity to decay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why did he desist from speculation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because it was a task for a superior intelligence to substitute other more
acceptable phenomena in the place of the less acceptable phenomena to be
removed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did Stephen participate in his dejection?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He affirmed his significance as a conscious rational animal proceeding
syllogistically from the known to the unknown and a conscious rational reagent
between a micro and a macrocosm ineluctably constructed upon the incertitude of
the void.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was this affirmation apprehended by Bloom?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Not verbally. Substantially.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What comforted his misapprehension?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That as a competent keyless citizen he had proceeded energetically from the
unknown to the known through the incertitude of the void.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In what order of precedence, with what attendant ceremony was the exodus from
the house of bondage to the wilderness of inhabitation effected?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lighted Candle in Stick borne by<br/>BLOOM<br/>Diaconal Hat on Ashplant borne by<br/>STEPHEN</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With what intonation <em>secreto</em> of what commemorative psalm?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The 113th, <em>modus peregrinus: In exitu Israël de Egypto: domus Jacob de
populo barbaro</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What did each do at the door of egress?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom set the candlestick on the floor. Stephen put the hat on his head.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For what creature was the door of egress a door of ingress?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a cat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What spectacle confronted them when they, first the host, then the guest,
emerged silently, doubly dark, from obscurity by a passage from the rere of the
house into the penumbra of the garden?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The heaventree of stars hung with humid nightblue fruit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With what meditations did Bloom accompany his demonstration to his companion of
various constellations?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Meditations of evolution increasingly vaster: of the moon invisible in
incipient lunation, approaching perigee: of the infinite lattiginous
scintillating uncondensed milky way, discernible by daylight by an observer
placed at the lower end of a cylindrical vertical shaft 5000 ft deep sunk from
the surface towards the centre of the earth: of Sirius (alpha in Canis Maior)
10 lightyears (57,000,000,000,000 miles) distant and in volume 900 times the
dimension of our planet: of Arcturus: of the precession of equinoxes: of Orion
with belt and sextuple sun theta and nebula in which 100 of our solar systems
could be contained: of moribund and of nascent new stars such as Nova in 1901:
of our system plunging towards the constellation of Hercules: of the parallax
or parallactic drift of socalled fixed stars, in reality evermoving wanderers
from immeasurably remote eons to infinitely remote futures in comparison with
which the years, threescore and ten, of allotted human life formed a
parenthesis of infinitesimal brevity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Were there obverse meditations of involution increasingly less vast?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Of the eons of geological periods recorded in the stratifications of the earth:
of the myriad minute entomological organic existences concealed in cavities of
the earth, beneath removable stones, in hives and mounds, of microbes, germs,
bacteria, bacilli, spermatozoa: of the incalculable trillions of billions of
millions of imperceptible molecules contained by cohesion of molecular affinity
in a single pinhead: of the universe of human serum constellated with red and
white bodies, themselves universes of void space constellated with other
bodies, each, in continuity, its universe of divisible component bodies of
which each was again divisible in divisions of redivisible component bodies,
dividends and divisors ever diminishing without actual division till, if the
progress were carried far enough, nought nowhere was never reached.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why did he not elaborate these calculations to a more precise result?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because some years previously in 1886 when occupied with the problem of the
quadrature of the circle he had learned of the existence of a number computed
to a relative degree of accuracy to be of such magnitude and of so many places,
e.g., the 9th power of the 9th power of 9, that, the result having been
obtained, 33 closely printed volumes of 1000 pages each of innumerable quires
and reams of India paper would have to be requisitioned in order to contain the
complete tale of its printed integers of units, tens, hundreds, thousands, tens
of thousands, hundreds of thousands, millions, tens of millions, hundreds of
millions, billions, the nucleus of the nebula of every digit of every series
containing succinctly the potentiality of being raised to the utmost kinetic
elaboration of any power of any of its powers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did he find the problems of the inhabitability of the planets and their
satellites by a race, given in species, and of the possible social and moral
redemption of said race by a redeemer, easier of solution?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Of a different order of difficulty. Conscious that the human organism, normally
capable of sustaining an atmospheric pressure of 19 tons, when elevated to a
considerable altitude in the terrestrial atmosphere suffered with arithmetical
progression of intensity, according as the line of demarcation between
troposphere and stratosphere was approximated from nasal hemorrhage, impeded
respiration and vertigo, when proposing this problem for solution, he had
conjectured as a working hypothesis which could not be proved impossible that a
more adaptable and differently anatomically constructed race of beings might
subsist otherwise under Martian, Mercurial, Veneral, Jovian, Saturnian,
Neptunian or Uranian sufficient and equivalent conditions, though an apogean
humanity of beings created in varying forms with finite differences resulting
similar to the whole and to one another would probably there as here remain
inalterably and inalienably attached to vanities, to vanities of vanities and
to all that is vanity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And the problem of possible redemption?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The minor was proved by the major.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Which various features of the constellations were in turn considered?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The various colours significant of various degrees of vitality (white, yellow,
crimson, vermilion, cinnabar): their degrees of brilliancy: their magnitudes
revealed up to and including the 7th: their positions: the waggoner’s star:
Walsingham way: the chariot of David: the annular cinctures of Saturn: the
condensation of spiral nebulae into suns: the interdependent gyrations of
double suns: the independent synchronous discoveries of Galileo, Simon Marius,
Piazzi, Le Verrier, Herschel, Galle: the systematisations attempted by Bode and
Kepler of cubes of distances and squares of times of revolution: the almost
infinite compressibility of hirsute comets and their vast elliptical egressive
and reentrant orbits from perihelion to aphelion: the sidereal origin of
meteoric stones: the Libyan floods on Mars about the period of the birth of the
younger astroscopist: the annual recurrence of meteoric showers about the
period of the feast of S. Lawrence (martyr, 10 August): the monthly recurrence
known as the new moon with the old moon in her arms: the posited influence of
celestial on human bodies: the appearance of a star (1st magnitude) of
exceeding brilliancy dominating by night and day (a new luminous sun generated
by the collision and amalgamation in incandescence of two nonluminous exsuns)
about the period of the birth of William Shakespeare over delta in the
recumbent neversetting constellation of Cassiopeia and of a star (2nd
magnitude) of similar origin but of lesser brilliancy which had appeared in and
disappeared from the constellation of the Corona Septentrionalis about the
period of the birth of Leopold Bloom and of other stars of (presumably) similar
origin which had (effectively or presumably) appeared in and disappeared from
the constellation of Andromeda about the period of the birth of Stephen
Dedalus, and in and from the constellation of Auriga some years after the birth
and death of Rudolph Bloom, junior, and in and from other constellations some
years before or after the birth or death of other persons: the attendant
phenomena of eclipses, solar and lunar, from immersion to emersion, abatement
of wind, transit of shadow, taciturnity of winged creatures, emergence of
nocturnal or crepuscular animals, persistence of infernal light, obscurity of
terrestrial waters, pallor of human beings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His (Bloom’s) logical conclusion, having weighed the matter and allowing for
possible error?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That it was not a heaventree, not a heavengrot, not a heavenbeast, not a
heavenman. That it was a Utopia, there being no known method from the known to
the unknown: an infinity renderable equally finite by the suppositious
apposition of one or more bodies equally of the same and of different
magnitudes: a mobility of illusory forms immobilised in space, remobilised in
air: a past which possibly had ceased to exist as a present before its probable
spectators had entered actual present existence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was he more convinced of the esthetic value of the spectacle?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indubitably in consequence of the reiterated examples of poets in the delirium
of the frenzy of attachment or in the abasement of rejection invoking ardent
sympathetic constellations or the frigidity of the satellite of their planet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did he then accept as an article of belief the theory of astrological
influences upon sublunary disasters?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It seemed to him as possible of proof as of confutation and the nomenclature
employed in its selenographical charts as attributable to verifiable intuition
as to fallacious analogy: the lake of dreams, the sea of rains, the gulf of
dews, the ocean of fecundity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What special affinities appeared to him to exist between the moon and woman?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Her antiquity in preceding and surviving successive tellurian generations: her
nocturnal predominance: her satellitic dependence: her luminary reflection: her
constancy under all her phases, rising and setting by her appointed times,
waxing and waning: the forced invariability of her aspect: her indeterminate
response to inaffirmative interrogation: her potency over effluent and refluent
waters: her power to enamour, to mortify, to invest with beauty, to render
insane, to incite to and aid delinquency: the tranquil inscrutability of her
visage: the terribility of her isolated dominant implacable resplendent
propinquity: her omens of tempest and of calm: the stimulation of her light,
her motion and her presence: the admonition of her craters, her arid seas, her
silence: her splendour, when visible: her attraction, when invisible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What visible luminous sign attracted Bloom’s, who attracted Stephen’s, gaze?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the second storey (rere) of his (Bloom’s) house the light of a paraffin oil
lamp with oblique shade projected on a screen of roller blind supplied by Frank
O’Hara, window blind, curtain pole and revolving shutter manufacturer, 16
Aungier street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How did he elucidate the mystery of an invisible attractive person, his wife
Marion (Molly) Bloom, denoted by a visible splendid sign, a lamp?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With indirect and direct verbal allusions or affirmations: with subdued
affection and admiration: with description: with impediment: with suggestion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Both then were silent?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Silent, each contemplating the other in both mirrors of the reciprocal flesh of
theirhisnothis fellowfaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Were they indefinitely inactive?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At Stephen’s suggestion, at Bloom’s instigation both, first Stephen, then
Bloom, in penumbra urinated, their sides contiguous, their organs of
micturition reciprocally rendered invisible by manual circumposition, their
gazes, first Bloom’s, then Stephen’s, elevated to the projected luminous and
semiluminous shadow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Similarly?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The trajectories of their, first sequent, then simultaneous, urinations were
dissimilar: Bloom’s longer, less irruent, in the incomplete form of the
bifurcated penultimate alphabetical letter, who in his ultimate year at High
School (1880) had been capable of attaining the point of greatest altitude
against the whole concurrent strength of the institution, 210 scholars:
Stephen’s higher, more sibilant, who in the ultimate hours of the previous day
had augmented by diuretic consumption an insistent vesical pressure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What different problems presented themselves to each concerning the invisible
audible collateral organ of the other?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To Bloom: the problems of irritability, tumescence, rigidity, reactivity,
dimension, sanitariness, pilosity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To Stephen: the problem of the sacerdotal integrity of Jesus circumcised (1
January, holiday of obligation to hear mass and abstain from unnecessary
servile work) and the problem as to whether the divine prepuce, the carnal
bridal ring of the holy Roman catholic apostolic church, conserved in Calcata,
were deserving of simple hyperduly or of the fourth degree of latria accorded
to the abscission of such divine excrescences as hair and toenails.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What celestial sign was by both simultaneously observed?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A star precipitated with great apparent velocity across the firmament from Vega
in the Lyre above the zenith beyond the stargroup of the Tress of Berenice
towards the zodiacal sign of Leo.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How did the centripetal remainer afford egress to the centrifugal departer?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By inserting the barrel of an arruginated male key in the hole of an unstable
female lock, obtaining a purchase on the bow of the key and turning its wards
from right to left, withdrawing a bolt from its staple, pulling inward
spasmodically an obsolescent unhinged door and revealing an aperture for free
egress and free ingress.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How did they take leave, one of the other, in separation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Standing perpendicular at the same door and on different sides of its base, the
lines of their valedictory arms, meeting at any point and forming any angle
less than the sum of two right angles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What sound accompanied the union of their tangent, the disunion of their
(respectively) centrifugal and centripetal hands?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The sound of the peal of the hour of the night by the chime of the bells in the
church of Saint George.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What echoes of that sound were by both and each heard?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By Stephen:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Liliata rutilantium. Turma circumdet.<br/>Iubilantium te virginum. Chorus excipiat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By Bloom:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Heigho, heigho,<br/>Heigho, heigho.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Where were the several members of the company which with Bloom that day at the
bidding of that peal had travelled from Sandymount in the south to Glasnevin in
the north?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Martin Cunningham (in bed), Jack Power (in bed), Simon Dedalus (in bed), Ned
Lambert (in bed), Tom Kernan (in bed), Joe Hynes (in bed), John Henry Menton
(in bed), Bernard Corrigan (in bed), Patsy Dignam (in bed), Paddy Dignam (in
the grave).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alone, what did Bloom hear?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The double reverberation of retreating feet on the heavenborn earth, the double
vibration of a jew’s harp in the resonant lane.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alone, what did Bloom feel?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The cold of interstellar space, thousands of degrees below freezing point or
the absolute zero of Fahrenheit, Centigrade or Réaumur: the incipient
intimations of proximate dawn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Of what did bellchime and handtouch and footstep and lonechill remind him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Of companions now in various manners in different places defunct: Percy Apjohn
(killed in action, Modder River), Philip Gilligan (phthisis, Jervis Street
hospital), Matthew F. Kane (accidental drowning, Dublin Bay), Philip Moisel
(pyemia, Heytesbury street), Michael Hart (phthisis, Mater Misericordiae
hospital), Patrick Dignam (apoplexy, Sandymount).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What prospect of what phenomena inclined him to remain?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The disparition of three final stars, the diffusion of daybreak, the apparition
of a new solar disk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Had he ever been a spectator of those phenomena?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Once, in 1887, after a protracted performance of charades in the house of Luke
Doyle, Kimmage, he had awaited with patience the apparition of the diurnal
phenomenon, seated on a wall, his gaze turned in the direction of Mizrach, the
east.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He remembered the initial paraphenomena?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>More active air, a matutinal distant cock, ecclesiastical clocks at various
points, avine music, the isolated tread of an early wayfarer, the visible
diffusion of the light of an invisible luminous body, the first golden limb of
the resurgent sun perceptible low on the horizon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did he remain?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With deep inspiration he returned, retraversing the garden, reentering the
passage, reclosing the door. With brief suspiration he reassumed the candle,
reascended the stairs, reapproached the door of the front room, hallfloor, and
reentered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What suddenly arrested his ingress?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The right temporal lobe of the hollow sphere of his cranium came into contact
with a solid timber angle where, an infinitesimal but sensible fraction of a
second later, a painful sensation was located in consequence of antecedent
sensations transmitted and registered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Describe the alterations effected in the disposition of the articles of
furniture.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A sofa upholstered in prune plush had been translocated from opposite the door
to the ingleside near the compactly furled Union Jack (an alteration which he
had frequently intended to execute): the blue and white checker inlaid
majolicatopped table had been placed opposite the door in the place vacated by
the prune plush sofa: the walnut sideboard (a projecting angle of which had
momentarily arrested his ingress) had been moved from its position beside the
door to a more advantageous but more perilous position in front of the door:
two chairs had been moved from right and left of the ingleside to the position
originally occupied by the blue and white checker inlaid majolicatopped table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Describe them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One: a squat stuffed easychair, with stout arms extended and back slanted to
the rere, which, repelled in recoil, had then upturned an irregular fringe of a
rectangular rug and now displayed on its amply upholstered seat a centralised
diffusing and diminishing discolouration. The other: a slender splayfoot chair
of glossy cane curves, placed directly opposite the former, its frame from top
to seat and from seat to base being varnished dark brown, its seat being a
bright circle of white plaited rush.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What significances attached to these two chairs?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Significances of similitude, of posture, of symbolism, of circumstantial
evidence, of testimonial supermanence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What occupied the position originally occupied by the sideboard?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A vertical piano (Cadby) with exposed keyboard, its closed coffin supporting a
pair of long yellow ladies’ gloves and an emerald ashtray containing four
consumed matches, a partly consumed cigarette and two discoloured ends of
cigarettes, its musicrest supporting the music in the key of G natural for
voice and piano of <em>Love’s Old Sweet Song</em> (words by G. Clifton Bingham,
composed by J. L. Molloy, sung by Madam Antoinette Sterling) open at the last
page with the final indications <em>ad libitum, forte</em>, pedal,
<em>animato</em>, sustained pedal, <em>ritirando</em>, close.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With what sensations did Bloom contemplate in rotation these objects?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With strain, elevating a candlestick: with pain, feeling on his right temple a
contused tumescence: with attention, focussing his gaze on a large dull passive
and a slender bright active: with solicitation, bending and downturning the
upturned rugfringe: with amusement, remembering Dr Malachi Mulligan’s scheme of
colour containing the gradation of green: with pleasure, repeating the words
and antecedent act and perceiving through various channels of internal
sensibility the consequent and concomitant tepid pleasant diffusion of gradual
discolouration.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His next proceeding?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From an open box on the majolicatopped table he extracted a black diminutive
cone, one inch in height, placed it on its circular base on a small tin plate,
placed his candlestick on the right corner of the mantelpiece, produced from
his waistcoat a folded page of prospectus (illustrated) entitled Agendath
Netaim, unfolded the same, examined it superficially, rolled it into a thin
cylinder, ignited it in the candleflame, applied it when ignited to the apex of
the cone till the latter reached the stage of rutilance, placed the cylinder in
the basin of the candlestick disposing its unconsumed part in such a manner as
to facilitate total combustion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What followed this operation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The truncated conical crater summit of the diminutive volcano emitted a
vertical and serpentine fume redolent of aromatic oriental incense.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What homothetic objects, other than the candlestick, stood on the mantelpiece?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A timepiece of striated Connemara marble, stopped at the hour of 4.46 a.m. on
the 21 March 1896, matrimonial gift of Matthew Dillon: a dwarf tree of glacial
arborescence under a transparent bellshade, matrimonial gift of Luke and
Caroline Doyle: an embalmed owl, matrimonial gift of Alderman John Hooper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What interchanges of looks took place between these three objects and Bloom?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the mirror of the giltbordered pierglass the undecorated back of the dwarf
tree regarded the upright back of the embalmed owl. Before the mirror the
matrimonial gift of Alderman John Hooper with a clear melancholy wise bright
motionless compassionate gaze regarded Bloom while Bloom with obscure tranquil
profound motionless compassionated gaze regarded the matrimonial gift of Luke
and Caroline Doyle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What composite asymmetrical image in the mirror then attracted his attention?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The image of a solitary (ipsorelative) mutable (aliorelative) man.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why solitary (ipsorelative)?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Brothers and sisters had he none.<br/>Yet that man’s father was his grandfather’s son.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why mutable (aliorelative)?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From infancy to maturity he had resembled his maternal procreatrix. From
maturity to senility he would increasingly resemble his paternal procreator.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What final visual impression was communicated to him by the mirror?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The optical reflection of several inverted volumes improperly arranged and not
in the order of their common letters with scintillating titles on the two
bookshelves opposite.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Catalogue these books.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Thom’s Dublin Post Office Directory</em>, 1886.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Denis Florence M’Carthy’s <em>Poetical Works</em> (copper beechleaf bookmark at
p. 5).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Shakespeare’s <em>Works</em> (dark crimson morocco, goldtooled).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Useful Ready Reckoner</em> (brown cloth).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Secret History of the Court of Charles II</em> (red cloth, tooled
binding).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Child’s Guide</em> (blue cloth).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Beauties of Killarney</em> (wrappers).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>When We Were Boys</em> by William O’Brien M. P. (green cloth, slightly faded,
envelope bookmark at p. 217).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Thoughts from Spinoza</em> (maroon leather).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Story of the Heavens</em> by Sir Robert Ball (blue cloth).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ellis’s <em>Three Trips to Madagascar</em> (brown cloth, title obliterated).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Stark-Munro Letters</em> by A. Conan Doyle, property of the City of
Dublin Public Library, 106 Capel street, lent 21 May (Whitsun Eve) 1904, due 4
June 1904, 13 days overdue (black cloth binding, bearing white letternumber
ticket).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Voyages in China</em> by “Viator” (recovered with brown paper, red ink
title).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Philosophy of the Talmud</em> (sewn pamphlet).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lockhart’s <em>Life of Napoleon</em> (cover wanting, marginal annotations,
minimising victories, aggrandising defeats of the protagonist).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Soll und Haben</em> by Gustav Freytag (black boards, Gothic characters,
cigarette coupon bookmark at p. 24).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hozier’s <em>History of the Russo-Turkish War</em> (brown cloth, 2 volumes, with
gummed label, Garrison Library, Governor’s Parade, Gibraltar, on verso of
cover).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Laurence Bloomfield in Ireland</em> by William Allingham (second edition,
green cloth, gilt trefoil design, previous owner’s name on recto of flyleaf
erased).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>A Handbook of Astronomy</em> (cover, brown leather, detached, 5 plates,
antique letterpress long primer, author’s footnotes nonpareil, marginal clues
brevier, captions small pica).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>The Hidden Life of Christ</em> (black boards).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>In the Track of the Sun</em> (yellow cloth, titlepage missing, recurrent
title intestation).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Physical Strength and How to Obtain It</em> by Eugen Sandow (red cloth).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Short but yet Plain Elements of Geometry</em> written in French by F. Ignat.
Pardies and rendered into Engliſh by John Harris D. D. London, printed for
R. Knaplock at the Biſhop’s Head, MDCCXI, with dedicatory epiſtle to
his worthy friend Charles Cox, eſquire, Member of Parliament for the burgh
of Southwark and having ink calligraphed statement on the flyleaf certifying
that the book was the property of Michael Gallagher, dated this 10th day of May
1822 and requeſting the perſon who should find it, if the book should
be loſt or go aſtray, to reſtore it to Michael Gallagher,
carpenter, Dufery Gate, Enniſcorthy, county Wicklow, the fineſt place
in the world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What reflections occupied his mind during the process of reversion of the
inverted volumes?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The necessity of order, a place for everything and everything in its place: the
deficient appreciation of literature possessed by females: the incongruity of
an apple incuneated in a tumbler and of an umbrella inclined in a closestool:
the insecurity of hiding any secret document behind, beneath or between the
pages of a book.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Which volume was the largest in bulk?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hozier’s <em>History of the Russo-Turkish War.</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What among other data did the second volume of the work in question contain?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The name of a decisive battle (forgotten), frequently remembered by a decisive
officer, major Brian Cooper Tweedy (remembered).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why, firstly and secondly, did he not consult the work in question?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Firstly, in order to exercise mnemotechnic: secondly, because after an interval
of amnesia, when, seated at the central table, about to consult the work in
question, he remembered by mnemotechnic the name of the military engagement,
Plevna.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What caused him consolation in his sitting posture?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The candour, nudity, pose, tranquility, youth, grace, sex, counsel of a statue
erect in the centre of the table, an image of Narcissus purchased by auction
from P. A. Wren, 9 Bachelor’s Walk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What caused him irritation in his sitting posture?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inhibitory pressure of collar (size 17) and waistcoat (5 buttons), two articles
of clothing superfluous in the costume of mature males and inelastic to
alterations of mass by expansion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How was the irritation allayed?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He removed his collar, with contained black necktie and collapsible stud, from
his neck to a position on the left of the table. He unbuttoned successively in
reversed direction waistcoat, trousers, shirt and vest along the medial line of
irregular incrispated black hairs extending in triangular convergence from the
pelvic basin over the circumference of the abdomen and umbilicular fossicle
along the medial line of nodes to the intersection of the sixth pectoral
vertebrae, thence produced both ways at right angles and terminating in circles
described about two equidistant points, right and left, on the summits of the
mammary prominences. He unbraced successively each of six minus one braced
trouser buttons, arranged in pairs, of which one incomplete.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What involuntary actions followed?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He compressed between 2 fingers the flesh circumjacent to a cicatrice in the
left infracostal region below the diaphragm resulting from a sting inflicted 2
weeks and 3 days previously (23 May 1904) by a bee. He scratched imprecisely
with his right hand, though insensible of prurition, various points and
surfaces of his partly exposed, wholly abluted skin. He inserted his left hand
into the left lower pocket of his waistcoat and extracted and replaced a silver
coin (1 shilling), placed there (presumably) on the occasion (17 October 1903)
of the interment of Mrs Emily Sinico, Sydney Parade.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Compile the budget for 16 June 1904.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pgmonospaced">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>     <em>Debit</em>                                        £. s. d.<br/>     1 Pork kidney                      0—0—3<br/>     1 Copy <em>Freeman’s Journal</em>           0—0—1<br/>     1 Bath and Gratification           0—1—6<br/>     Tramfare                           0—0—1<br/>     1 In Memoriam Patrick Dignam       0—5—0<br/>     2 Banbury cakes                    0—0—1<br/>     1 Lunch                            0—0—7<br/>     1 Renewal fee for book             0—1—0<br/>     1 Packet Notepaper and Envelopes   0—0—2<br/>     1 Dinner and Gratification         0—2—0<br/>     1 Postal Order and Stamp           0—2—8<br/>     Tramfare                           0—0—1<br/>     1 Pig’s Foot                       0—0—4<br/>     1 Sheep’s Trotter                  0—0—3<br/>     1 Cake Fry’s Plain Chocolate       0—0—1<br/>     1 Square Soda Bread                0—0—4<br/>     1 Coffee and Bun                   0—0—4<br/>     Loan (Stephen Dedalus) refunded    1—7—0<br/>        BALANCE                         0—16—6<br/>                                        —————<br/>                                        2—19—3<br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-26.htm.html"></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-26.htm.html_pgepubid00084" class="wp-block-group chapter">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pgmonospaced">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>     <em>Credit</em>                                        £. s. d.<br/>     Cash in hand                       0—4—9<br/>     Commission recd. <em>Freeman’s Journal</em> 1—7—6<br/>     Loan (Stephen Dedalus)             1—7—0<br/>                                        —————<br/>                                        2—19—3<br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Did the process of divestiture continue?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sensible of a benignant persistent ache in his footsoles he extended his foot
to one side and observed the creases, protuberances and salient points caused
by foot pressure in the course of walking repeatedly in several different
directions, then, inclined, he disnoded the laceknots, unhooked and loosened
the laces, took off each of his two boots for the second time, detached the
partially moistened right sock through the fore part of which the nail of his
great toe had again effracted, raised his right foot and, having unhooked a
purple elastic sock suspender, took off his right sock, placed his unclothed
right foot on the margin of the seat of his chair, picked at and gently
lacerated the protruding part of the great toenail, raised the part lacerated
to his nostrils and inhaled the odour of the quick, then, with satisfaction,
threw away the lacerated ungual fragment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why with satisfaction?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because the odour inhaled corresponded to other odours inhaled of other ungual
fragments, picked and lacerated by Master Bloom, pupil of Mrs Ellis’s juvenile
school, patiently each night in the act of brief genuflection and nocturnal
prayer and ambitious meditation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In what ultimate ambition had all concurrent and consecutive ambitions now
coalesced?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Not to inherit by right of primogeniture, gavelkind or borough English, or
possess in perpetuity an extensive demesne of a sufficient number of acres,
roods and perches, statute land measure (valuation £ 42), of grazing turbary
surrounding a baronial hall with gatelodge and carriage drive nor, on the other
hand, a terracehouse or semidetached villa, described as <em>Rus in Urbe</em> or
<em>Qui si sana</em>, but to purchase by private treaty in fee simple a thatched
bungalowshaped 2 storey dwellinghouse of southerly aspect, surmounted by vane
and lightning conductor, connected with the earth, with porch covered by
parasitic plants (ivy or Virginia creeper), halldoor, olive green, with smart
carriage finish and neat doorbrasses, stucco front with gilt tracery at eaves
and gable, rising, if possible, upon a gentle eminence with agreeable prospect
from balcony with stone pillar parapet over unoccupied and unoccupyable
interjacent pastures and standing in 5 or 6 acres of its own ground, at such a
distance from the nearest public thoroughfare as to render its houselights
visible at night above and through a quickset hornbeam hedge of topiary
cutting, situate at a given point not less than 1 statute mile from the
periphery of the metropolis, within a time limit of not more than 15 minutes
from tram or train line (e.g., Dundrum, south, or Sutton, north, both
localities equally reported by trial to resemble the terrestrial poles in being
favourable climates for phthisical subjects), the premises to be held under
feefarm grant, lease 999 years, the messuage to consist of 1 drawingroom with
baywindow (2 lancets), thermometer affixed, 1 sittingroom, 4 bedrooms, 2
servants’ rooms, tiled kitchen with close range and scullery, lounge hall
fitted with linen wallpresses, fumed oak sectional bookcase containing the
Encyclopaedia Britannica and New Century Dictionary, transverse obsolete
medieval and oriental weapons, dinner gong, alabaster lamp, bowl pendant,
vulcanite automatic telephone receiver with adjacent directory, handtufted
Axminster carpet with cream ground and trellis border, loo table with pillar
and claw legs, hearth with massive firebrasses and ormolu mantel chronometer
clock, guaranteed timekeeper with cathedral chime, barometer with hygrographic
chart, comfortable lounge settees and corner fitments, upholstered in ruby
plush with good springing and sunk centre, three banner Japanese screen and
cuspidors (club style, rich winecoloured leather, gloss renewable with a
minimum of labour by use of linseed oil and vinegar) and pyramidically
prismatic central chandelier lustre, bentwood perch with fingertame parrot
(expurgated language), embossed mural paper at 10/- per dozen with transverse
swags of carmine floral design and top crown frieze, staircase, three
continuous flights at successive right angles, of varnished cleargrained oak,
treads and risers, newel, balusters and handrail, with steppedup panel dado,
dressed with camphorated wax: bathroom, hot and cold supply, reclining and
shower: water closet on mezzanine provided with opaque singlepane oblong
window, tipup seat, bracket lamp, brass tierod and brace, armrests, footstool
and artistic oleograph on inner face of door: ditto, plain: servants’
apartments with separate sanitary and hygienic necessaries for cook, general
and betweenmaid (salary, rising by biennial unearned increments of £ 2, with
comprehensive fidelity insurance, annual bonus (£ 1) and retiring allowance
(based on the 65 system) after 30 years’ service), pantry, buttery, larder,
refrigerator, outoffices, coal and wood cellarage with winebin (still and
sparkling vintages) for distinguished guests, if entertained to dinner (evening
dress), carbon monoxide gas supply throughout.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What additional attractions might the grounds contain?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As addenda, a tennis and fives court, a shrubbery, a glass summerhouse with
tropical palms, equipped in the best botanical manner, a rockery with
waterspray, a beehive arranged on humane principles, oval flowerbeds in
rectangular grassplots set with eccentric ellipses of scarlet and chrome
tulips, blue scillas, crocuses, polyanthus, sweet William, sweet pea, lily of
the valley (bulbs obtainable from sir James W. Mackey (Limited) wholesale and
retail seed and bulb merchants and nurserymen, agents for chemical manures, 23
Sackville street, upper), an orchard, kitchen garden and vinery, protected
against illegal trespassers by glasstopped mural enclosures, a lumbershed with
padlock for various inventoried implements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Eeltraps, lobsterpots, fishingrods, hatchet, steelyard, grindstone,
clodcrusher, swatheturner, carriagesack, telescope ladder, 10 tooth rake,
washing clogs, haytedder, tumbling rake, billhook, paintpot, brush, hoe and so
on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What improvements might be subsequently introduced?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A rabbitry and fowlrun, a dovecote, a botanical conservatory, 2 hammocks
(lady’s and gentleman’s), a sundial shaded and sheltered by laburnum or lilac
trees, an exotically harmonically accorded Japanese tinkle gatebell affixed to
left lateral gatepost, a capacious waterbutt, a lawnmower with side delivery
and grassbox, a lawnsprinkler with hydraulic hose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What facilities of transit were desirable?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When citybound frequent connection by train or tram from their respective
intermediate station or terminal. When countrybound velocipedes, a chainless
freewheel roadster cycle with side basketcar attached, or draught conveyance, a
donkey with wicker trap or smart phaeton with good working solidungular cob
(roan gelding, 14 h).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What might be the name of this erigible or erected residence?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom Cottage. Saint Leopold’s. Flowerville.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Could Bloom of 7 Eccles street foresee Bloom of Flowerville?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In loose allwool garments with Harris tweed cap, price 8/6, and useful garden
boots with elastic gussets and wateringcan, planting aligned young firtrees,
syringing, pruning, staking, sowing hayseed, trundling a weedladen wheelbarrow
without excessive fatigue at sunset amid the scent of newmown hay, ameliorating
the soil, multiplying wisdom, achieving longevity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What syllabus of intellectual pursuits was simultaneously possible?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Snapshot photography, comparative study of religions, folklore relative to
various amatory and superstitious practices, contemplation of the celestial
constellations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What lighter recreations?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Outdoor: garden and fieldwork, cycling on level macadamised causeways, ascents
of moderately high hills, natation in secluded fresh water and unmolested river
boating in secure wherry or light curricle with kedge anchor on reaches free
from weirs and rapids (period of estivation), vespertinal perambulation or
equestrian circumprocession with inspection of sterile landscape and
contrastingly agreeable cottagers’ fires of smoking peat turves (period of
hibernation). Indoor: discussion in tepid security of unsolved historical and
criminal problems: lecture of unexpurgated exotic erotic masterpieces: house
carpentry with toolbox containing hammer, awl, nails, screws, tintacks, gimlet,
tweezers, bullnose plane and turnscrew.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Might he become a gentleman farmer of field produce and live stock?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Not impossibly, with 1 or 2 stripper cows, 1 pike of upland hay and requisite
farming implements, e.g., an end-to-end churn, a turnip pulper etc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What would be his civic functions and social status among the county families
and landed gentry?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Arranged successively in ascending powers of hierarchical order, that of
gardener, groundsman, cultivator, breeder, and at the zenith of his career,
resident magistrate or justice of the peace with a family crest and coat of
arms and appropriate classical motto <em>(Semper paratus</em>), duly recorded in
the court directory (Bloom, Leopold P., M. P., P. C., K. P., L. L. D.
(<em>honoris causa</em>), Bloomville, Dundrum) and mentioned in court and
fashionable intelligence (Mr and Mrs Leopold Bloom have left Kingstown for
England).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What course of action did he outline for himself in such capacity?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A course that lay between undue clemency and excessive rigour: the dispensation
in a heterogeneous society of arbitrary classes, incessantly rearranged in
terms of greater and lesser social inequality, of unbiassed homogeneous
indisputable justice, tempered with mitigants of the widest possible latitude
but exactable to the uttermost farthing with confiscation of estate, real and
personal, to the crown. Loyal to the highest constituted power in the land,
actuated by an innate love of rectitude his aims would be the strict
maintenance of public order, the repression of many abuses though not of all
simultaneously (every measure of reform or retrenchment being a preliminary
solution to be contained by fluxion in the final solution), the upholding of
the letter of the law (common, statute and law merchant) against all traversers
in covin and trespassers acting in contravention of bylaws and regulations, all
resuscitators (by trespass and petty larceny of kindlings) of venville rights,
obsolete by desuetude, all orotund instigators of international persecution,
all perpetuators of international animosities, all menial molestors of domestic
conviviality, all recalcitrant violators of domestic connubiality.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Prove that he had loved rectitude from his earliest youth.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To Master Percy Apjohn at High School in 1880 he had divulged his disbelief in
the tenets of the Irish (protestant) church (to which his father Rudolf Virag
(later Rudolph Bloom) had been converted from the Israelitic faith and
communion in 1865 by the Society for promoting Christianity among the jews)
subsequently abjured by him in favour of Roman catholicism at the epoch of and
with a view to his matrimony in 1888. To Daniel Magrane and Francis Wade in
1882 during a juvenile friendship (terminated by the premature emigration of
the former) he had advocated during nocturnal perambulations the political
theory of colonial (e.g. Canadian) expansion and the evolutionary theories of
Charles Darwin, expounded in <em>The Descent of Man</em> and <em>The Origin of
Species</em>. In 1885 he had publicly expressed his adherence to the collective
and national economic programme advocated by James Fintan Lalor, John Fisher
Murray, John Mitchel, J. F. X. O’Brien and others, the agrarian policy of
Michael Davitt, the constitutional agitation of Charles Stewart Parnell (M. P.
for Cork City), the programme of peace, retrenchment and reform of William
Ewart Gladstone (M. P. for Midlothian, N. B.) and, in support of his political
convictions, had climbed up into a secure position amid the ramifications of a
tree on Northumberland road to see the entrance (2 February 1888) into the
capital of a demonstrative torchlight procession of 20,000 torchbearers,
divided into 120 trade corporations, bearing 2000 torches in escort of the
marquess of Ripon and (honest) John Morley.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How much and how did he propose to pay for this country residence?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As per prospectus of the Industrious Foreign Acclimatised Nationalised Friendly
Stateaided Building Society (incorporated 1874), a maximum of £ 60 per annum,
being 1/6 of an assured income, derived from giltedged securities, representing
at 5 % simple interest on capital of £ 1200 (estimate of price at 20 years’
purchase), of which 1/3 to be paid on acquisition and the balance in the form
of annual rent, viz. £ 800 plus 2 1/2 % interest on the same, repayable
quarterly in equal annual instalments until extinction by amortisation of loan
advanced for purchase within a period of 20 years, amounting to an annual
rental of £ 64, headrent included, the titledeeds to remain in possession of
the lender or lenders with a saving clause envisaging forced sale, foreclosure
and mutual compensation in the event of protracted failure to pay the terms
assigned, otherwise the messuage to become the absolute property of the tenant
occupier upon expiry of the period of years stipulated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What rapid but insecure means to opulence might facilitate immediate purchase?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A private wireless telegraph which would transmit by dot and dash system the
result of a national equine handicap (flat or steeplechase) of 1 or more miles
and furlongs won by an outsider at odds of 50 to 1 at 3 hr 8 m p.m. at Ascot
(Greenwich time), the message being received and available for betting purposes
in Dublin at 2.59 p.m. (Dunsink time). The unexpected discovery of an object of
great monetary value (precious stone, valuable adhesive or impressed postage
stamps (7 schilling, mauve, imperforate, Hamburg, 1866: 4 pence, rose, blue
paper, perforate, Great Britain, 1855: 1 franc, stone, official, rouletted,
diagonal surcharge, Luxemburg, 1878), antique dynastical ring, unique relic) in
unusual repositories or by unusual means: from the air (dropped by an eagle in
flight), by fire (amid the carbonised remains of an incendiated edifice), in
the sea (amid flotsam, jetsam, lagan and derelict), on earth (in the gizzard of
a comestible fowl). A Spanish prisoner’s donation of a distant treasure of
valuables or specie or bullion lodged with a solvent banking corporation 100
years previously at 5% compound interest of the collective worth of £ 5,000,000
stg (five million pounds sterling). A contract with an inconsiderate contractee
for the delivery of 32 consignments of some given commodity in consideration of
cash payment on delivery per delivery at the initial rate of 1/4d to be
increased constantly in the geometrical progression of 2 (1/4d, 1/2d, 1d, 2d,
4d, 8d, 1s 4d, 2s 8d to 32 terms). A prepared scheme based on a study of the
laws of probability to break the bank at Monte Carlo. A solution of the secular
problem of the quadrature of the circle, government premium £ 1,000,000
sterling.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was vast wealth acquirable through industrial channels?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The reclamation of dunams of waste arenary soil, proposed in the prospectus of
Agendath Netaim, Bleibtreustrasse, Berlin, W. 15, by the cultivation of orange
plantations and melonfields and reafforestation. The utilisation of waste
paper, fells of sewer rodents, human excrement possessing chemical properties,
in view of the vast production of the first, vast number of the second and
immense quantity of the third, every normal human being of average vitality and
appetite producing annually, cancelling byproducts of water, a sum total of 80
lbs. (mixed animal and vegetable diet), to be multiplied by 4,386,035, the
total population of Ireland according to census returns of 1901.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Were there schemes of wider scope?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A scheme to be formulated and submitted for approval to the harbour
commissioners for the exploitation of white coal (hydraulic power), obtained by
hydroelectric plant at peak of tide at Dublin bar or at head of water at
Poulaphouca or Powerscourt or catchment basins of main streams for the economic
production of 500,000 W. H. P. of electricity. A scheme to enclose the
peninsular delta of the North Bull at Dollymount and erect on the space of the
foreland, used for golf links and rifle ranges, an asphalted esplanade with
casinos, booths, shooting galleries, hotels, boardinghouses, readingrooms,
establishments for mixed bathing. A scheme for the use of dogvans and goatvans
for the delivery of early morning milk. A scheme for the development of Irish
tourist traffic in and around Dublin by means of petrolpropelled riverboats,
plying in the fluvial fairway between Island bridge and Ringsend, charabancs,
narrow gauge local railways, and pleasure steamers for coastwise navigation
(10/- per person per day, guide (trilingual) included). A scheme for the
repristination of passenger and goods traffics over Irish waterways, when freed
from weedbeds. A scheme to connect by tramline the Cattle Market (North
Circular road and Prussia street) with the quays (Sheriff street, lower, and
East Wall), parallel with the Link line railway laid (in conjunction with the
Great Southern and Western railway line) between the cattle park, Liffey
junction, and terminus of Midland Great Western Railway 43 to 45 North Wall, in
proximity to the terminal stations or Dublin branches of Great Central Railway,
Midland Railway of England, City of Dublin Steam Packet Company, Lancashire and
Yorkshire Railway Company, Dublin and Glasgow Steam Packet Company, Glasgow,
Dublin and Londonderry Steam Packet Company (Laird line), British and Irish
Steam Packet Company, Dublin and Morecambe Steamers, London and North Western
Railway Company, Dublin Port and Docks Board Landing Sheds and transit sheds of
Palgrave, Murphy and Company, steamship owners, agents for steamers from
Mediterranean, Spain, Portugal, France, Belgium and Holland and for Liverpool
Underwriters’ Association, the cost of acquired rolling stock for animal
transport and of additional mileage operated by the Dublin United Tramways
Company, limited, to be covered by graziers’ fees.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Positing what protasis would the contraction for such several schemes become a
natural and necessary apodosis?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Given a guarantee equal to the sum sought, the support, by deed of gift and
transfer vouchers during donor’s lifetime or by bequest after donor’s painless
extinction, of eminent financiers (Blum Pasha, Rothschild, Guggenheim, Hirsch,
Montefiore, Morgan, Rockefeller) possessing fortunes in 6 figures, amassed
during a successful life, and joining capital with opportunity the thing
required was done.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What eventuality would render him independent of such wealth?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The independent discovery of a goldseam of inexhaustible ore.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For what reason did he meditate on schemes so difficult of realisation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It was one of his axioms that similar meditations or the automatic relation to
himself of a narrative concerning himself or tranquil recollection of the past
when practised habitually before retiring for the night alleviated fatigue and
produced as a result sound repose and renovated vitality.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>His justifications?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As a physicist he had learned that of the 70 years of complete human life at
least 2/7, viz. 20 years are passed in sleep. As a philosopher he knew that at
the termination of any allotted life only an infinitesimal part of any person’s
desires has been realised. As a physiologist he believed in the artificial
placation of malignant agencies chiefly operative during somnolence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What did he fear?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The committal of homicide or suicide during sleep by an aberration of the light
of reason, the incommensurable categorical intelligence situated in the
cerebral convolutions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What were habitually his final meditations?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Of some one sole unique advertisement to cause passers to stop in wonder, a
poster novelty, with all extraneous accretions excluded, reduced to its
simplest and most efficient terms not exceeding the span of casual vision and
congruous with the velocity of modern life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What did the first drawer unlocked contain?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A Vere Foster’s handwriting copybook, property of Milly (Millicent) Bloom,
certain pages of which bore diagram drawings, marked <em>Papli</em>, which showed
a large globular head with 5 hairs erect, 2 eyes in profile, the trunk full
front with 3 large buttons, 1 triangular foot: 2 fading photographs of queen
Alexandra of England and of Maud Branscombe, actress and professional beauty: a
Yuletide card, bearing on it a pictorial representation of a parasitic plant,
the legend <em>Mizpah</em>, the date Xmas 1892, the name of the senders: from Mr
+ Mrs M. Comerford, the versicle: <em>May this Yuletide bring to thee, Joy and
peace and welcome glee</em>: a butt of red partly liquefied sealing wax,
obtained from the stores department of Messrs Hely’s, Ltd., 89, 90, and 91 Dame
street: a box containing the remainder of a gross of gilt “J” pennibs, obtained
from same department of same firm: an old sandglass which rolled containing
sand which rolled: a sealed prophecy (never unsealed) written by Leopold Bloom
in 1886 concerning the consequences of the passing into law of William Ewart
Gladstone’s Home Rule bill of 1886 (never passed into law): a bazaar ticket,
N<sup>o</sup> 2004, of S. Kevin’s Charity Fair, price 6d, 100 prizes: an
infantile epistle, dated, small em monday, reading: capital pee Papli comma
capital aitch How are you note of interrogation capital eye I am very well full
stop new paragraph signature with flourishes capital em Milly no stop: a cameo
brooch, property of Ellen Bloom (born Higgins), deceased: a cameo scarfpin,
property of Rudolph Bloom (born Virag), deceased: 3 typewritten letters,
addressee, Henry Flower, c/o. P. O. Westland Row, addresser, Martha Clifford,
c/o. P. O. Dolphin’s Barn: the transliterated name and address of the addresser
of the 3 letters in reversed alphabetic boustrophedonic punctated quadrilinear
cryptogram (vowels suppressed) N. IGS./WI. UU. OX/W. OKS. MH/Y. IM: a press
cutting from an English weekly periodical <em>Modern Society</em>, subject
corporal chastisement in girls’ schools: a pink ribbon which had festooned an
Easter egg in the year 1899: two partly uncoiled rubber preservatives with
reserve pockets, purchased by post from Box 32, P. O., Charing Cross, London,
W. C.: 1 pack of 1 dozen creamlaid envelopes and feintruled notepaper,
watermarked, now reduced by 3: some assorted Austrian-Hungarian coins: 2
coupons of the Royal and Privileged Hungarian Lottery: a lowpower magnifying
glass: 2 erotic photocards showing a) buccal coition between nude senorita
(rere presentation, superior position) and nude torero (fore presentation,
inferior position) b) anal violation by male religious (fully clothed, eyes
abject) of female religious (partly clothed, eyes direct), purchased by post
from Box 32, P. O., Charing Cross, London, W. C.: a press cutting of recipe for
renovation of old tan boots: a 1d adhesive stamp, lavender, of the reign of
Queen Victoria: a chart of the measurements of Leopold Bloom compiled before,
during and after 2 months’ consecutive use of Sandow-Whiteley’s pulley
exerciser (men’s 15/-, athlete’s 20/-) viz. chest 28 in and 29 1/2 in, biceps 9
in and 10 in, forearm 8 1/2 in and 9 in, thigh 10 in and 12 in, calf 11 in and
12 in: 1 prospectus of The Wonderworker, the world’s greatest remedy for rectal
complaints, direct from Wonderworker, Coventry House, South Place, London E C,
addressed (erroneously) to Mrs L. Bloom with brief accompanying note commencing
(erroneously): Dear Madam.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Quote the textual terms in which the prospectus claimed advantages for this
thaumaturgic remedy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It heals and soothes while you sleep, in case of trouble in breaking wind,
assists nature in the most formidable way, insuring instant relief in discharge
of gases, keeping parts clean and free natural action, an initial outlay of 7/6
making a new man of you and life worth living. Ladies find Wonderworker
especially useful, a pleasant surprise when they note delightful result like a
cool drink of fresh spring water on a sultry summer’s day. Recommend it to your
lady and gentlemen friends, lasts a lifetime. Insert long round end.
Wonderworker.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Were there testimonials?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Numerous. From clergyman, British naval officer, wellknown author, city man,
hospital nurse, lady, mother of five, absentminded beggar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How did absentminded beggar’s concluding testimonial conclude?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What a pity the government did not supply our men with wonderworkers during the
South African campaign! What a relief it would have been!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What object did Bloom add to this collection of objects?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A 4th typewritten letter received by Henry Flower (let H. F. be L. B.) from
Martha Clifford (find M. C.).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What pleasant reflection accompanied this action?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The reflection that, apart from the letter in question, his magnetic face, form
and address had been favourably received during the course of the preceding day
by a wife (Mrs Josephine Breen, born Josie Powell), a nurse, Miss Callan
(Christian name unknown), a maid, Gertrude (Gerty, family name unknown).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What possibility suggested itself?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The possibility of exercising virile power of fascination in the not immediate
future after an expensive repast in a private apartment in the company of an
elegant courtesan, of corporal beauty, moderately mercenary, variously
instructed, a lady by origin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What did the 2nd drawer contain?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Documents: the birth certificate of Leopold Paula Bloom: an endowment assurance
policy of £ 500 in the Scottish Widows’ Assurance Society, intestated Millicent
(Milly) Bloom, coming into force at 25 years as with profit policy of £ 430, £
462-10-0 and £ 500 at 60 years or death, 65 years or death and death,
respectively, or with profit policy (paidup) of £ 299-10-0 together with cash
payment of £ 133-10-0, at option: a bank passbook issued by the Ulster Bank,
College Green branch showing statement of a/c for halfyear ending 31 December
1903, balance in depositor’s favour: £ 18-14-6 (eighteen pounds, fourteen
shillings and sixpence, sterling), net personalty: certificate of possession of
£ 900, Canadian 4% (inscribed) government stock (free of stamp duty): dockets
of the Catholic Cemeteries’ (Glasnevin) Committee, relative to a graveplot
purchased: a local press cutting concerning change of name by deedpoll.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Quote the textual terms of this notice.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I, Rudolph Virag, now resident at no 52 Clanbrassil street, Dublin, formerly of
Szombathely in the kingdom of Hungary, hereby give notice that I have assumed
and intend henceforth upon all occasions and at all times to be known by the
name of Rudolph Bloom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What other objects relative to Rudolph Bloom (born Virag) were in the 2nd
drawer?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An indistinct daguerreotype of Rudolf Virag and his father Leopold Virag
executed in the year 1852 in the portrait atelier of their (respectively) 1st
and 2nd cousin, Stefan Virag of Szesfehervar, Hungary. An ancient haggadah book
in which a pair of hornrimmed convex spectacles inserted marked the passage of
thanksgiving in the ritual prayers for Pessach (Passover): a photocard of the
Queen’s Hotel, Ennis, proprietor, Rudolph Bloom: an envelope addressed: <em>To
My Dear Son Leopold</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What fractions of phrases did the lecture of those five whole words evoke?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tomorrow will be a week that I received... it is no use Leopold to be ... with
your dear mother... that is not more to stand... to her... all for me is out...
be kind to Athos, Leopold... my dear son... always... of me... <em>das Herz...
Gott... dein</em>...</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What reminiscences of a human subject suffering from progressive melancholia
did these objects evoke in Bloom?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An old man, widower, unkempt of hair, in bed, with head covered, sighing: an
infirm dog, Athos: aconite, resorted to by increasing doses of grains and
scruples as a palliative of recrudescent neuralgia: the face in death of a
septuagenarian, suicide by poison.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why did Bloom experience a sentiment of remorse?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because in immature impatience he had treated with disrespect certain beliefs
and practices.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The prohibition of the use of fleshmeat and milk at one meal: the hebdomadary
symposium of incoordinately abstract, perfervidly concrete mercantile
coexreligionist excompatriots: the circumcision of male infants: the
supernatural character of Judaic scripture: the ineffability of the
tetragrammaton: the sanctity of the sabbath.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How did these beliefs and practices now appear to him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Not more rational than they had then appeared, not less rational than other
beliefs and practices now appeared.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What first reminiscence had he of Rudolph Bloom (deceased)?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rudolph Bloom (deceased) narrated to his son Leopold Bloom (aged 6) a
retrospective arrangement of migrations and settlements in and between Dublin,
London, Florence, Milan, Vienna, Budapest, Szombathely with statements of
satisfaction (his grandfather having seen Maria Theresia, empress of Austria,
queen of Hungary), with commercial advice (having taken care of pence, the
pounds having taken care of themselves). Leopold Bloom (aged 6) had accompanied
these narrations by constant consultation of a geographical map of Europe
(political) and by suggestions for the establishment of affiliated business
premises in the various centres mentioned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Had time equally but differently obliterated the memory of these migrations in
narrator and listener?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In narrator by the access of years and in consequence of the use of narcotic
toxin: in listener by the access of years and in consequence of the action of
distraction upon vicarious experiences.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What idiosyncracies of the narrator were concomitant products of amnesia?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Occasionally he ate without having previously removed his hat. Occasionally he
drank voraciously the juice of gooseberry fool from an inclined plate.
Occasionally he removed from his lips the traces of food by means of a
lacerated envelope or other accessible fragment of paper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What two phenomena of senescence were more frequent?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The myopic digital calculation of coins, eructation consequent upon repletion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What object offered partial consolation for these reminiscences?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The endowment policy, the bank passbook, the certificate of the possession of
scrip.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reduce Bloom by cross multiplication of reverses of fortune, from which these
supports protected him, and by elimination of all positive values to a
negligible negative irrational unreal quantity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Successively, in descending helotic order: Poverty: that of the outdoor hawker
of imitation jewellery, the dun for the recovery of bad and doubtful debts, the
poor rate and deputy cess collector. Mendicancy: that of the fraudulent
bankrupt with negligible assets paying 1/4d in the £, sandwichman, distributor
of throwaways, nocturnal vagrant, insinuating sycophant, maimed sailor, blind
stripling, superannuated bailiff’s man, marfeast, lickplate, spoilsport,
pickthank, eccentric public laughingstock seated on bench of public park under
discarded perforated umbrella. Destitution: the inmate of Old Man’s House
(Royal Hospital), Kilmainham, the inmate of Simpson’s Hospital for reduced but
respectable men permanently disabled by gout or want of sight. Nadir of misery:
the aged impotent disfranchised ratesupported moribund lunatic pauper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With which attendant indignities?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The unsympathetic indifference of previously amiable females, the contempt of
muscular males, the acceptance of fragments of bread, the simulated ignorance
of casual acquaintances, the latration of illegitimate unlicensed vagabond
dogs, the infantile discharge of decomposed vegetable missiles, worth little or
nothing, nothing or less than nothing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By what could such a situation be precluded?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By decease (change of state): by departure (change of place).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Which preferably?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The latter, by the line of least resistance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What considerations rendered departure not entirely undesirable?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Constant cohabitation impeding mutual toleration of personal defects. The habit
of independent purchase increasingly cultivated. The necessity to counteract by
impermanent sojourn the permanence of arrest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What considerations rendered departure not irrational?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The parties concerned, uniting, had increased and multiplied, which being done,
offspring produced and educed to maturity, the parties, if not disunited were
obliged to reunite for increase and multiplication, which was absurd, to form
by reunion the original couple of uniting parties, which was impossible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What considerations rendered departure desirable?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attractive character of certain localities in Ireland and abroad, as
represented in general geographical maps of polychrome design or in special
ordnance survey charts by employment of scale numerals and hachures.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Ireland?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The cliffs of Moher, the windy wilds of Connemara, lough Neagh with submerged
petrified city, the Giant’s Causeway, Fort Camden and Fort Carlisle, the Golden
Vale of Tipperary, the islands of Aran, the pastures of royal Meath, Brigid’s
elm in Kildare, the Queen’s Island shipyard in Belfast, the Salmon Leap, the
lakes of Killarney.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Abroad?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ceylon (with spicegardens supplying tea to Thomas Kernan, agent for Pulbrook,
Robertson and Co, 2 Mincing Lane, London, E. C., 5 Dame street, Dublin),
Jerusalem, the holy city (with mosque of Omar and gate of Damascus, goal of
aspiration), the straits of Gibraltar (the unique birthplace of Marion Tweedy),
the Parthenon (containing statues of nude Grecian divinities), the Wall street
money market (which controlled international finance), the Plaza de Toros at La
Linea, Spain (where O’Hara of the Camerons had slain the bull), Niagara (over
which no human being had passed with impunity), the land of the Eskimos (eaters
of soap), the forbidden country of Thibet (from which no traveller returns),
the bay of Naples (to see which was to die), the Dead Sea.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Under what guidance, following what signs?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At sea, septentrional, by night the polestar, located at the point of
intersection of the right line from beta to alpha in Ursa Maior produced and
divided externally at omega and the hypotenuse of the rightangled triangle
formed by the line alpha omega so produced and the line alpha delta of Ursa
Maior. On land, meridional, a bispherical moon, revealed in imperfect varying
phases of lunation through the posterior interstice of the imperfectly occluded
skirt of a carnose negligent perambulating female, a pillar of the cloud by
day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What public advertisement would divulge the occultation of the departed?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>£ 5 reward, lost, stolen or strayed from his residence 7 Eccles street, missing
gent about 40, answering to the name of Bloom, Leopold (Poldy), height 5 ft 9
1/2 inches, full build, olive complexion, may have since grown a beard, when
last seen was wearing a black suit. Above sum will be paid for information
leading to his discovery.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What universal binomial denominations would be his as entity and nonentity?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Assumed by any or known to none. Everyman or Noman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What tributes his?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Honour and gifts of strangers, the friends of Everyman. A nymph immortal,
beauty, the bride of Noman.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Would the departed never nowhere nohow reappear?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ever he would wander, selfcompelled, to the extreme limit of his cometary
orbit, beyond the fixed stars and variable suns and telescopic planets,
astronomical waifs and strays, to the extreme boundary of space, passing from
land to land, among peoples, amid events. Somewhere imperceptibly he would hear
and somehow reluctantly, suncompelled, obey the summons of recall. Whence,
disappearing from the constellation of the Northern Crown he would somehow
reappear reborn above delta in the constellation of Cassiopeia and after
incalculable eons of peregrination return an estranged avenger, a wreaker of
justice on malefactors, a dark crusader, a sleeper awakened, with financial
resources (by supposition) surpassing those of Rothschild or the silver king.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What would render such return irrational?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An unsatisfactory equation between an exodus and return in time through
reversible space and an exodus and return in space through irreversible time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What play of forces, inducing inertia, rendered departure undesirable?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The lateness of the hour, rendering procrastinatory: the obscurity of the
night, rendering invisible: the uncertainty of thoroughfares, rendering
perilous: the necessity for repose, obviating movement: the proximity of an
occupied bed, obviating research: the anticipation of warmth (human) tempered
with coolness (linen), obviating desire and rendering desirable: the statue of
Narcissus, sound without echo, desired desire.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What advantages were possessed by an occupied, as distinct from an unoccupied
bed?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The removal of nocturnal solitude, the superior quality of human (mature
female) to inhuman (hotwaterjar) calefaction, the stimulation of matutinal
contact, the economy of mangling done on the premises in the case of trousers
accurately folded and placed lengthwise between the spring mattress (striped)
and the woollen mattress (biscuit section).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What past consecutive causes, before rising preapprehended, of accumulated
fatigue did Bloom, before rising, silently recapitulate?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The preparation of breakfast (burnt offering): intestinal congestion and
premeditative defecation (holy of holies): the bath (rite of John): the funeral
(rite of Samuel): the advertisement of Alexander Keyes (Urim and Thummim): the
unsubstantial lunch (rite of Melchisedek): the visit to museum and national
library (holy place): the bookhunt along Bedford row, Merchants’ Arch,
Wellington Quay (Simchath Torah): the music in the Ormond Hotel (Shira Shirim):
the altercation with a truculent troglodyte in Bernard Kiernan’s premises
(holocaust): a blank period of time including a cardrive, a visit to a house of
mourning, a leavetaking (wilderness): the eroticism produced by feminine
exhibitionism (rite of Onan): the prolonged delivery of Mrs Mina Purefoy (heave
offering): the visit to the disorderly house of Mrs Bella Cohen, 82 Tyrone
street, lower, and subsequent brawl and chance medley in Beaver street
(Armageddon): nocturnal perambulation to and from the cabman’s shelter, Butt
Bridge (atonement).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What selfimposed enigma did Bloom about to rise in order to go so as to
conclude lest he should not conclude involuntarily apprehend?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The cause of a brief sharp unforeseen heard loud lone crack emitted by the
insentient material of a strainveined timber table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What selfinvolved enigma did Bloom risen, going, gathering multicoloured
multiform multitudinous garments, voluntarily apprehending, not comprehend?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Who was M’Intosh?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What selfevident enigma pondered with desultory constancy during 30 years did
Bloom now, having effected natural obscurity by the extinction of artificial
light, silently suddenly comprehend?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Where was Moses when the candle went out?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What imperfections in a perfect day did Bloom, walking, charged with collected
articles of recently disvested male wearing apparel, silently, successively,
enumerate?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A provisional failure to obtain renewal of an advertisement: to obtain a
certain quantity of tea from Thomas Kernan (agent for Pulbrook, Robertson and
Co, 5 Dame Street, Dublin, and 2 Mincing Lane, London E. C.): to certify the
presence or absence of posterior rectal orifice in the case of Hellenic female
divinities: to obtain admission (gratuitous or paid) to the performance of
<em>Leah</em> by Mrs Bandmann Palmer at the Gaiety Theatre, 46, 47, 48, 49 South
King street.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What impression of an absent face did Bloom, arrested, silently recall?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The face of her father, the late Major Brian Cooper Tweedy, Royal Dublin
Fusiliers, of Gibraltar and Rehoboth, Dolphin’s Barn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What recurrent impressions of the same were possible by hypothesis?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Retreating, at the terminus of the Great Northern Railway, Amiens street, with
constant uniform acceleration, along parallel lines meeting at infinity, if
produced: along parallel lines, reproduced from infinity, with constant uniform
retardation, at the terminus of the Great Northern Railway, Amiens street,
returning.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What miscellaneous effects of female personal wearing apparel were perceived by
him?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A pair of new inodorous halfsilk black ladies’ hose, a pair of new violet
garters, a pair of outsize ladies’ drawers of India mull, cut on generous
lines, redolent of opoponax, jessamine and Muratti’s Turkish cigarettes and
containing a long bright steel safety pin, folded curvilinear, a camisole of
batiste with thin lace border, an accordion underskirt of blue silk moirette,
all these objects being disposed irregularly on the top of a rectangular trunk,
quadruple battened, having capped corners, with multicoloured labels,
initialled on its fore side in white lettering B. C. T. (Brian Cooper Tweedy).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What impersonal objects were perceived?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A commode, one leg fractured, totally covered by square cretonne cutting, apple
design, on which rested a lady’s black straw hat. Orangekeyed ware, bought of
Henry Price, basket, fancy goods, chinaware and ironmongery manufacturer, 21,
22, 23 Moore street, disposed irregularly on the washstand and floor and
consisting of basin, soapdish and brushtray (on the washstand, together),
pitcher and night article (on the floor, separate).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bloom’s acts?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He deposited the articles of clothing on a chair, removed his remaining
articles of clothing, took from beneath the bolster at the head of the bed a
folded long white nightshirt, inserted his head and arms into the proper
apertures of the nightshirt, removed a pillow from the head to the foot of the
bed, prepared the bedlinen accordingly and entered the bed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With circumspection, as invariably when entering an abode (his own or not his
own): with solicitude, the snakespiral springs of the mattress being old, the
brass quoits and pendent viper radii loose and tremulous under stress and
strain: prudently, as entering a lair or ambush of lust or adders: lightly, the
less to disturb: reverently, the bed of conception and of birth, of
consummation of marriage and of breach of marriage, of sleep and of death.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What did his limbs, when gradually extended, encounter?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>New clean bedlinen, additional odours, the presence of a human form, female,
hers, the imprint of a human form, male, not his, some crumbs, some flakes of
potted meat, recooked, which he removed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If he had smiled why would he have smiled?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To reflect that each one who enters imagines himself to be the first to enter
whereas he is always the last term of a preceding series even if the first term
of a succeeding one, each imagining himself to be first, last, only and alone
whereas he is neither first nor last nor only nor alone in a series originating
in and repeated to infinity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What preceding series?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Assuming Mulvey to be the first term of his series, Penrose, Bartell d’Arcy,
professor Goodwin, Julius Mastiansky, John Henry Menton, Father Bernard
Corrigan, a farmer at the Royal Dublin Society’s Horse Show, Maggot O’Reilly,
Matthew Dillon, Valentine Blake Dillon (Lord Mayor of Dublin), Christopher
Callinan, Lenehan, an Italian organgrinder, an unknown gentleman in the Gaiety
Theatre, Benjamin Dollard, Simon Dedalus, Andrew (Pisser) Burke, Joseph Cuffe,
Wisdom Hely, Alderman John Hooper, Dr Francis Brady, Father Sebastian of Mount
Argus, a bootblack at the General Post Office, Hugh E. (Blazes) Boylan and so
each and so on to no last term.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What were his reflections concerning the last member of this series and late
occupant of the bed?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reflections on his vigour (a bounder), corporal proportion (a billsticker),
commercial ability (a bester), impressionability (a boaster).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why for the observer impressionability in addition to vigour, corporal
proportion and commercial ability?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because he had observed with augmenting frequency in the preceding members of
the same series the same concupiscence, inflammably transmitted, first with
alarm, then with understanding, then with desire, finally with fatigue, with
alternating symptoms of epicene comprehension and apprehension.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With what antagonistic sentiments were his subsequent reflections affected?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Envy, jealousy, abnegation, equanimity.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Envy?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Of a bodily and mental male organism specially adapted for the superincumbent
posture of energetic human copulation and energetic piston and cylinder
movement necessary for the complete satisfaction of a constant but not acute
concupiscence resident in a bodily and mental female organism, passive but not
obtuse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jealousy?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because a nature full and volatile in its free state, was alternately the agent
and reagent of attraction. Because attraction between agent(s) and reagent(s)
at all instants varied, with inverse proportion of increase and decrease, with
incessant circular extension and radial reentrance. Because the controlled
contemplation of the fluctuation of attraction produced, if desired, a
fluctuation of pleasure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Abnegation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In virtue of a) acquaintance initiated in September 1903 in the establishment
of George Mesias, merchant tailor and outfitter, 5 Eden Quay, b) hospitality
extended and received in kind, reciprocated and reappropriated in person, c)
comparative youth subject to impulses of ambition and magnanimity, colleagual
altruism and amorous egoism, d) extraracial attraction, intraracial inhibition,
supraracial prerogative, e) an imminent provincial musical tour, common current
expenses, net proceeds divided.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Equanimity?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As as natural as any and every natural act of a nature expressed or understood
executed in natured nature by natural creatures in accordance with his, her and
their natured natures, of dissimilar similarity. As not so calamitous as a
cataclysmic annihilation of the planet in consequence of a collision with a
dark sun. As less reprehensible than theft, highway robbery, cruelty to
children and animals, obtaining money under false pretences, forgery,
embezzlement, misappropriation of public money, betrayal of public trust,
malingering, mayhem, corruption of minors, criminal libel, blackmail, contempt
of court, arson, treason, felony, mutiny on the high seas, trespass, burglary,
jailbreaking, practice of unnatural vice, desertion from armed forces in the
field, perjury, poaching, usury, intelligence with the king’s enemies,
impersonation, criminal assault, manslaughter, wilful and premeditated murder.
As not more abnormal than all other parallel processes of adaptation to altered
conditions of existence, resulting in a reciprocal equilibrium between the
bodily organism and its attendant circumstances, foods, beverages, acquired
habits, indulged inclinations, significant disease. As more than inevitable,
irreparable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why more abnegation than jealousy, less envy than equanimity?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From outrage (matrimony) to outrage (adultery) there arose nought but outrage
(copulation) yet the matrimonial violator of the matrimonially violated had not
been outraged by the adulterous violator of the adulterously violated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What retribution, if any?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Assassination, never, as two wrongs did not make one right. Duel by combat, no.
Divorce, not now. Exposure by mechanical artifice (automatic bed) or individual
testimony (concealed ocular witnesses), not yet. Suit for damages by legal
influence or simulation of assault with evidence of injuries sustained
(selfinflicted), not impossibly. Hushmoney by moral influence, possibly. If
any, positively, connivance, introduction of emulation (material, a prosperous
rival agency of publicity: moral, a successful rival agent of intimacy),
depreciation, alienation, humiliation, separation protecting the one separated
from the other, protecting the separator from both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By what reflections did he, a conscious reactor against the void of
incertitude, justify to himself his sentiments?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The preordained frangibility of the hymen: the presupposed intangibility of the
thing in itself: the incongruity and disproportion between the selfprolonging
tension of the thing proposed to be done and the selfabbreviating relaxation of
the thing done: the fallaciously inferred debility of the female: the
muscularity of the male: the variations of ethical codes: the natural
grammatical transition by inversion involving no alteration of sense of an
aorist preterite proposition (parsed as masculine subject, monosyllabic
onomatopoeic transitive verb with direct feminine object) from the active voice
into its correlative aorist preterite proposition (parsed as feminine subject,
auxiliary verb and quasimonosyllabic onomatopoeic past participle with
complementary masculine agent) in the passive voice: the continued product of
seminators by generation: the continual production of semen by distillation:
the futility of triumph or protest or vindication: the inanity of extolled
virtue: the lethargy of nescient matter: the apathy of the stars.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In what final satisfaction did these antagonistic sentiments and reflections,
reduced to their simplest forms, converge?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Satisfaction at the ubiquity in eastern and western terrestrial hemispheres, in
all habitable lands and islands explored or unexplored (the land of the
midnight sun, the islands of the blessed, the isles of Greece, the land of
promise), of adipose anterior and posterior female hemispheres, redolent of
milk and honey and of excretory sanguine and seminal warmth, reminiscent of
secular families of curves of amplitude, insusceptible of moods of impression
or of contrarieties of expression, expressive of mute immutable mature
animality.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The visible signs of antesatisfaction?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An approximate erection: a solicitous adversion: a gradual elevation: a
tentative revelation: a silent contemplation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He kissed the plump mellow yellow smellow melons of her rump, on each plump
melonous hemisphere, in their mellow yellow furrow, with obscure prolonged
provocative melonsmellonous osculation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The visible signs of postsatisfaction?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A silent contemplation: a tentative velation: a gradual abasement: a solicitous
aversion: a proximate erection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What followed this silent action?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Somnolent invocation, less somnolent recognition, incipient excitation,
catechetical interrogation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With what modifications did the narrator reply to this interrogation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Negative: he omitted to mention the clandestine correspondence between Martha
Clifford and Henry Flower, the public altercation at, in and in the vicinity of
the licensed premises of Bernard Kiernan and Co, Limited, 8, 9 and 10 Little
Britain street, the erotic provocation and response thereto caused by the
exhibitionism of Gertrude (Gerty), surname unknown. Positive: he included
mention of a performance by Mrs Bandmann Palmer of <em>Leah</em> at the Gaiety
Theatre, 46, 47, 48, 49 South King street, an invitation to supper at Wynn’s
(Murphy’s) Hotel, 35, 36 and 37 Lower Abbey street, a volume of peccaminous
pornographical tendency entituled <em>Sweets of Sin</em>, anonymous author a
gentleman of fashion, a temporary concussion caused by a falsely calculated
movement in the course of a postcenal gymnastic display, the victim (since
completely recovered) being Stephen Dedalus, professor and author, eldest
surviving son of Simon Dedalus, of no fixed occupation, an aeronautical feat
executed by him (narrator) in the presence of a witness, the professor and
author aforesaid, with promptitude of decision and gymnastic flexibility.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Was the narration otherwise unaltered by modifications?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Absolutely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Which event or person emerged as the salient point of his narration?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stephen Dedalus, professor and author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What limitations of activity and inhibitions of conjugal rights were perceived
by listener and narrator concerning themselves during the course of this
intermittent and increasingly more laconic narration?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By the listener a limitation of fertility inasmuch as marriage had been
celebrated 1 calendar month after the 18th anniversary of her birth (8
September 1870), viz. 8 October, and consummated on the same date with female
issue born 15 June 1889, having been anticipatorily consummated on the 10
September of the same year and complete carnal intercourse, with ejaculation of
semen within the natural female organ, having last taken place 5 weeks
previous, viz. 27 November 1893, to the birth on 29 December 1893 of second
(and only male) issue, deceased 9 January 1894, aged 11 days, there remained a
period of 10 years, 5 months and 18 days during which carnal intercourse had
been incomplete, without ejaculation of semen within the natural female organ.
By the narrator a limitation of activity, mental and corporal, inasmuch as
complete mental intercourse between himself and the listener had not taken
place since the consummation of puberty, indicated by catamenic hemorrhage, of
the female issue of narrator and listener, 15 September 1903, there remained a
period of 9 months and 1 day during which, in consequence of a preestablished
natural comprehension in incomprehension between the consummated females
(listener and issue), complete corporal liberty of action had been
circumscribed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By various reiterated feminine interrogation concerning the masculine
destination whither, the place where, the time at which, the duration for
which, the object with which in the case of temporary absences, projected or
effected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What moved visibly above the listener’s and the narrator’s invisible thoughts?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The upcast reflection of a lamp and shade, an inconstant series of concentric
circles of varying gradations of light and shadow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In what directions did listener and narrator lie?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Listener, S. E. by E.: Narrator, N. W. by W.: on the 53rd parallel of latitude,
N., and 6th meridian of longitude, W.: at an angle of 45° to the terrestrial
equator.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In what state of rest or motion?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At rest relatively to themselves and to each other. In motion being each and
both carried westward, forward and rereward respectively, by the proper
perpetual motion of the earth through everchanging tracks of neverchanging
space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In what posture?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Listener: reclined semilaterally, left, left hand under head, right leg
extended in a straight line and resting on left leg, flexed, in the attitude of
Gea-Tellus, fulfilled, recumbent, big with seed. Narrator: reclined laterally,
left, with right and left legs flexed, the index finger and thumb of the right
hand resting on the bridge of the nose, in the attitude depicted in a snapshot
photograph made by Percy Apjohn, the childman weary, the manchild in the womb.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Womb? Weary?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>He rests. He has travelled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sinbad the Sailor and Tinbad the Tailor and Jinbad the Jailer and Whinbad the
Whaler and Ninbad the Nailer and Finbad the Failer and Binbad the Bailer and
Pinbad the Pailer and Minbad the Mailer and Hinbad the Hailer and Rinbad the
Railer and Dinbad the Kailer and Vinbad the Quailer and Linbad the Yailer and
Xinbad the Phthailer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Going to dark bed there was a square round Sinbad the Sailor roc’s auk’s egg in
the night of the bed of all the auks of the rocs of Darkinbad the Brightdayler.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Where?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>•</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
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<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html"></span></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html_pgepubid00085" class="wp-block-group chapter">
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html_chap18"></span>[ 18 ]</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes because he never did a thing like that before as ask to get his breakfast
in bed with a couple of eggs since the <em>City Arms</em> hotel when he used to
be pretending to be laid up with a sick voice doing his highness to make
himself interesting for that old faggot Mrs Riordan that he thought he had a
great leg of and she never left us a farthing all for masses for herself and
her soul greatest miser ever was actually afraid to lay out 4d for her
methylated spirit telling me all her ailments she had too much old chat in her
about politics and earthquakes and the end of the world let us have a bit of
fun first God help the world if all the women were her sort down on
bathingsuits and lownecks of course nobody wanted her to wear them I suppose
she was pious because no man would look at her twice I hope Ill never be like
her a wonder she didnt want us to cover our faces but she was a welleducated
woman certainly and her gabby talk about Mr Riordan here and Mr Riordan there I
suppose he was glad to get shut of her and her dog smelling my fur and always
edging to get up under my petticoats especially then still I like that in him
polite to old women like that and waiters and beggars too hes not proud out of
nothing but not always if ever he got anything really serious the matter with
him its much better for them to go into a hospital where everything is clean
but I suppose Id have to dring it into him for a month yes and then wed have a
hospital nurse next thing on the carpet have him staying there till they throw
him out or a nun maybe like the smutty photo he has shes as much a nun as Im
not yes because theyre so weak and puling when theyre sick they want a woman to
get well if his nose bleeds youd think it was O tragic and that dyinglooking
one off the south circular when he sprained his foot at the choir party at the
sugarloaf Mountain the day I wore that dress Miss Stack bringing him flowers
the worst old ones she could find at the bottom of the basket anything at all
to get into a mans bedroom with her old maids voice trying to imagine he was
dying on account of her to never see thy face again though he looked more like
a man with his beard a bit grown in the bed father was the same besides I hate
bandaging and dosing when he cut his toe with the razor paring his corns afraid
hed get bloodpoisoning but if it was a thing I was sick then wed see what
attention only of course the woman hides it not to give all the trouble they do
yes he came somewhere Im sure by his appetite anyway love its not or hed be off
his feed thinking of her so either it was one of those night women if it was
down there he was really and the hotel story he made up a pack of lies to hide
it planning it Hynes kept me who did I meet ah yes I met do you remember Menton
and who else who let me see that big babbyface I saw him and he not long
married flirting with a young girl at Pooles Myriorama and turned my back on
him when he slinked out looking quite conscious what harm but he had the
impudence to make up to me one time well done to him mouth almighty and his
boiled eyes of all the big stupoes I ever met and thats called a solicitor only
for I hate having a long wrangle in bed or else if its not that its some little
bitch or other he got in with somewhere or picked up on the sly if they only
knew him as well as I do yes because the day before yesterday he was scribbling
something a letter when I came into the front room to show him Dignams death in
the paper as if something told me and he covered it up with the blottingpaper
pretending to be thinking about business so very probably that was it to
somebody who thinks she has a softy in him because all men get a bit like that
at his age especially getting on to forty he is now so as to wheedle any money
she can out of him no fool like an old fool and then the usual kissing my
bottom was to hide it not that I care two straws now who he does it with or
knew before that way though Id like to find out so long as I dont have the two
of them under my nose all the time like that slut that Mary we had in Ontario
terrace padding out her false bottom to excite him bad enough to get the smell
of those painted women off him once or twice I had a suspicion by getting him
to come near me when I found the long hair on his coat without that one when I
went into the kitchen pretending he was drinking water 1 woman is not enough
for them it was all his fault of course ruining servants then proposing that
she could eat at our table on Christmas day if you please O no thank you not in
my house stealing my potatoes and the oysters 2/6 per doz going out to see her
aunt if you please common robbery so it was but I was sure he had something on
with that one it takes me to find out a thing like that he said you have no
proof it was her proof O yes her aunt was very fond of oysters but I told her
what I thought of her suggesting me to go out to be alone with her I wouldnt
lower myself to spy on them the garters I found in her room the Friday she was
out that was enough for me a little bit too much her face swelled up on her
with temper when I gave her her weeks notice I saw to that better do without
them altogether do out the rooms myself quicker only for the damn cooking and
throwing out the dirt I gave it to him anyhow either she or me leaves the house
I couldnt even touch him if I thought he was with a dirty barefaced liar and
sloven like that one denying it up to my face and singing about the place in
the W C too because she knew she was too well off yes because he couldnt
possibly do without it that long so he must do it somewhere and the last time
he came on my bottom when was it the night Boylan gave my hand a great squeeze
going along by the Tolka in my hand there steals another I just pressed the
back of his like that with my thumb to squeeze back singing the young May moon
shes beaming love because he has an idea about him and me hes not such a fool
he said Im dining out and going to the Gaiety though Im not going to give him
the satisfaction in any case God knows hes a change in a way not to be always
and ever wearing the same old hat unless I paid some nicelooking boy to do it
since I cant do it myself a young boy would like me Id confuse him a little
alone with him if we were Id let him see my garters the new ones and make him
turn red looking at him seduce him I know what boys feel with that down on
their cheek doing that frigging drawing out the thing by the hour question and
answer would you do this that and the other with the coalman yes with a bishop
yes I would because I told him about some dean or bishop was sitting beside me
in the jews temples gardens when I was knitting that woollen thing a stranger
to Dublin what place was it and so on about the monuments and he tired me out
with statues encouraging him making him worse than he is who is in your mind
now tell me who are you thinking of who is it tell me his name who tell me who
the german Emperor is it yes imagine Im him think of him can you feel him
trying to make a whore of me what he never will he ought to give it up now at
this age of his life simply ruination for any woman and no satisfaction in it
pretending to like it till he comes and then finish it off myself anyway and it
makes your lips pale anyhow its done now once and for all with all the talk of
the world about it people make its only the first time after that its just the
ordinary do it and think no more about it why cant you kiss a man without going
and marrying him first you sometimes love to wildly when you feel that way so
nice all over you you cant help yourself I wish some man or other would take me
sometime when hes there and kiss me in his arms theres nothing like a kiss long
and hot down to your soul almost paralyses you then I hate that confession when
I used to go to Father Corrigan he touched me father and what harm if he did
where and I said on the canal bank like a fool but whereabouts on your person
my child on the leg behind high up was it yes rather high up was it where you
sit down yes O Lord couldnt he say bottom right out and have done with it what
has that got to do with it and did you whatever way he put it I forget no
father and I always think of the real father what did he want to know for when
I already confessed it to God he had a nice fat hand the palm moist always I
wouldnt mind feeling it neither would he Id say by the bullneck in his
horsecollar I wonder did he know me in the box I could see his face he couldnt
see mine of course hed never turn or let on still his eyes were red when his
father died theyre lost for a woman of course must be terrible when a man cries
let alone them Id like to be embraced by one in his vestments and the smell of
incense off him like the pope besides theres no danger with a priest if youre
married hes too careful about himself then give something to H H the pope for a
penance I wonder was he satisfied with me one thing I didnt like his slapping
me behind going away so familiarly in the hall though I laughed Im not a horse
or an ass am I I suppose he was thinking of his fathers I wonder is he awake
thinking of me or dreaming am I in it who gave him that flower he said he
bought he smelt of some kind of drink not whisky or stout or perhaps the sweety
kind of paste they stick their bills up with some liqueur Id like to sip those
richlooking green and yellow expensive drinks those stagedoor johnnies drink
with the opera hats I tasted once with my finger dipped out of that American
that had the squirrel talking stamps with father he had all he could do to keep
himself from falling asleep after the last time after we took the port and
potted meat it had a fine salty taste yes because I felt lovely and tired
myself and fell asleep as sound as a top the moment I popped straight into bed
till that thunder woke me up God be merciful to us I thought the heavens were
coming down about us to punish us when I blessed myself and said a Hail Mary
like those awful thunderbolts in Gibraltar as if the world was coming to an end
and then they come and tell you theres no God what could you do if it was
running and rushing about nothing only make an act of contrition the candle I
lit that evening in Whitefriars street chapel for the month of May see it
brought its luck though hed scoff if he heard because he never goes to church
mass or meeting he says your soul you have no soul inside only grey matter
because he doesnt know what it is to have one yes when I lit the lamp because
he must have come 3 or 4 times with that tremendous big red brute of a thing he
has I thought the vein or whatever the dickens they call it was going to burst
though his nose is not so big after I took off all my things with the blinds
down after my hours dressing and perfuming and combing it like iron or some
kind of a thick crowbar standing all the time he must have eaten oysters I
think a few dozen he was in great singing voice no I never in all my life felt
anyone had one the size of that to make you feel full up he must have eaten a
whole sheep after whats the idea making us like that with a big hole in the
middle of us or like a Stallion driving it up into you because thats all they
want out of you with that determined vicious look in his eye I had to halfshut
my eyes still he hasnt such a tremendous amount of spunk in him when I made him
pull out and do it on me considering how big it is so much the better in case
any of it wasnt washed out properly the last time I let him finish it in me
nice invention they made for women for him to get all the pleasure but if
someone gave them a touch of it themselves theyd know what I went through with
Milly nobody would believe cutting her teeth too and Mina Purefoys husband give
us a swing out of your whiskers filling her up with a child or twins once a
year as regular as the clock always with a smell of children off her the one
they called budgers or something like a nigger with a shock of hair on it
Jesusjack the child is a black the last time I was there a squad of them
falling over one another and bawling you couldnt hear your ears supposed to be
healthy not satisfied till they have us swollen out like elephants or I dont
know what supposing I risked having another not off him though still if he was
married Im sure hed have a fine strong child but I dont know Poldy has more
spunk in him yes thatd be awfully jolly I suppose it was meeting Josie Powell
and the funeral and thinking about me and Boylan set him off well he can think
what he likes now if thatll do him any good I know they were spooning a bit
when I came on the scene he was dancing and sitting out with her the night of
Georgina Simpsons housewarming and then he wanted to ram it down my neck it was
on account of not liking to see her a wallflower that was why we had the
standup row over politics he began it not me when he said about Our Lord being
a carpenter at last he made me cry of course a woman is so sensitive about
everything I was fuming with myself after for giving in only for I knew he was
gone on me and the first socialist he said He was he annoyed me so much I
couldnt put him into a temper still he knows a lot of mixedup things especially
about the body and the inside I often wanted to study up that myself what we
have inside us in that family physician I could always hear his voice talking
when the room was crowded and watch him after that I pretended I had a coolness
on with her over him because he used to be a bit on the jealous side whenever
he asked who are you going to and I said over to Floey and he made me the
present of Byrons poems and the three pairs of gloves so that finished that I
could quite easily get him to make it up any time I know how Id even supposing
he got in with her again and was going out to see her somewhere Id know if he
refused to eat the onions I know plenty of ways ask him to tuck down the collar
of my blouse or touch him with my veil and gloves on going out 1 kiss then
would send them all spinning however alright well see then let him go to her
she of course would only be too delighted to pretend shes mad in love with him
that I wouldnt so much mind Id just go to her and ask her do you love him and
look her square in the eyes she couldnt fool me but he might imagine he was and
make a declaration to her with his plabbery kind of a manner like he did to me
though I had the devils own job to get it out of him though I liked him for
that it showed he could hold in and wasnt to be got for the asking he was on
the pop of asking me too the night in the kitchen I was rolling the potato cake
theres something I want to say to you only for I put him off letting on I was
in a temper with my hands and arms full of pasty flour in any case I let out
too much the night before talking of dreams so I didnt want to let him know
more than was good for him she used to be always embracing me Josie whenever he
was there meaning him of course glauming me over and when I said I washed up
and down as far as possible asking me and did you wash possible the women are
always egging on to that putting it on thick when hes there they know by his
sly eye blinking a bit putting on the indifferent when they come out with
something the kind he is what spoils him I dont wonder in the least because he
was very handsome at that time trying to look like Lord Byron I said I liked
though he was too beautiful for a man and he was a little before we got engaged
afterwards though she didnt like it so much the day I was in fits of laughing
with the giggles I couldnt stop about all my hairpins falling out one after
another with the mass of hair I had youre always in great humour she said yes
because it grigged her because she knew what it meant because I used to tell
her a good bit of what went on between us not all but just enough to make her
mouth water but that wasnt my fault she didnt darken the door much after we
were married I wonder what shes got like now after living with that dotty
husband of hers she had her face beginning to look drawn and run down the last
time I saw her she must have been just after a row with him because I saw on
the moment she was edging to draw down a conversation about husbands and talk
about him to run him down what was it she told me O yes that sometimes he used
to go to bed with his muddy boots on when the maggot takes him just imagine
having to get into bed with a thing like that that might murder you any moment
what a man well its not the one way everyone goes mad Poldy anyhow whatever he
does always wipes his feet on the mat when he comes in wet or shine and always
blacks his own boots too and he always takes off his hat when he comes up in
the street like then and now hes going about in his slippers to look for £
10000 for a postcard U p up O sweetheart May wouldnt a thing like that simply
bore you stiff to extinction actually too stupid even to take his boots off now
what could you make of a man like that Id rather die 20 times over than marry
another of their sex of course hed never find another woman like me to put up
with him the way I do know me come sleep with me yes and he knows that too at
the bottom of his heart take that Mrs Maybrick that poisoned her husband for
what I wonder in love with some other man yes it was found out on her wasnt she
the downright villain to go and do a thing like that of course some men can be
dreadfully aggravating drive you mad and always the worst word in the world
what do they ask us to marry them for if were so bad as all that comes to yes
because they cant get on without us white Arsenic she put in his tea off
flypaper wasnt it I wonder why they call it that if I asked him hed say its
from the Greek leave us as wise as we were before she must have been madly in
love with the other fellow to run the chance of being hanged O she didnt care
if that was her nature what could she do besides theyre not brutes enough to go
and hang a woman surely are they</p>
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<p>theyre all so different Boylan talking about the shape of my foot he noticed at
once even before he was introduced when I was in the D B C with Poldy laughing
and trying to listen I was waggling my foot we both ordered 2 teas and plain
bread and butter I saw him looking with his two old maids of sisters when I
stood up and asked the girl where it was what do I care with it dropping out of
me and that black closed breeches he made me buy takes you half an hour to let
them down wetting all myself always with some brandnew fad every other week
such a long one I did I forgot my suede gloves on the seat behind that I never
got after some robber of a woman and he wanted me to put it in the Irish times
lost in the ladies lavatory D B C Dame street finder return to Mrs Marion Bloom
and I saw his eyes on my feet going out through the turning door he was looking
when I looked back and I went there for tea 2 days after in the hope but he
wasnt now how did that excite him because I was crossing them when we were in
the other room first he meant the shoes that are too tight to walk in my hand
is nice like that if I only had a ring with the stone for my month a nice
aquamarine Ill stick him for one and a gold bracelet I dont like my foot so
much still I made him spend once with my foot the night after Goodwins botchup
of a concert so cold and windy it was well we had that rum in the house to mull
and the fire wasnt black out when he asked to take off my stockings lying on
the hearthrug in Lombard street west and another time it was my muddy boots hed
like me to walk in all the horses dung I could find but of course hes not
natural like the rest of the world that I what did he say I could give 9 points
in 10 to Katty Lanner and beat her what does that mean I asked him I forget
what he said because the stoppress edition just passed and the man with the
curly hair in the Lucan dairy thats so polite I think I saw his face before
somewhere I noticed him when I was tasting the butter so I took my time Bartell
DArcy too that he used to make fun of when he commenced kissing me on the choir
stairs after I sang Gounods <em>Ave Maria</em> what are we waiting for O my heart
kiss me straight on the brow and part which is my brown part he was pretty hot
for all his tinny voice too my low notes he was always raving about if you can
believe him I liked the way he used his mouth singing then he said wasnt it
terrible to do that there in a place like that I dont see anything so terrible
about it Ill tell him about that some day not now and surprise him ay and Ill
take him there and show him the very place too we did it so now there you are
like it or lump it he thinks nothing can happen without him knowing he hadnt an
idea about my mother till we were engaged otherwise hed never have got me so
cheap as he did he was 10 times worse himself anyhow begging me to give him a
tiny bit cut off my drawers that was the evening coming along Kenilworth square
he kissed me in the eye of my glove and I had to take it off asking me
questions is it permitted to enquire the shape of my bedroom so I let him keep
it as if I forgot it to think of me when I saw him slip it into his pocket of
course hes mad on the subject of drawers thats plain to be seen always skeezing
at those brazenfaced things on the bicycles with their skirts blowing up to
their navels even when Milly and I were out with him at the open air fete that
one in the cream muslin standing right against the sun so he could see every
atom she had on when he saw me from behind following in the rain I saw him
before he saw me however standing at the corner of the Harolds cross road with
a new raincoat on him with the muffler in the Zingari colours to show off his
complexion and the brown hat looking slyboots as usual what was he doing there
where hed no business they can go and get whatever they like from anything at
all with a skirt on it and were not to ask any questions but they want to know
where were you where are you going I could feel him coming along skulking after
me his eyes on my neck he had been keeping away from the house he felt it was
getting too warm for him so I halfturned and stopped then he pestered me to say
yes till I took off my glove slowly watching him he said my openwork sleeves
were too cold for the rain anything for an excuse to put his hand anear me
drawers drawers the whole blessed time till I promised to give him the pair off
my doll to carry about in his waistcoat pocket <em>O Maria Santisima</em> he did
look a big fool dreeping in the rain splendid set of teeth he had made me
hungry to look at them and beseeched of me to lift the orange petticoat I had
on with the sunray pleats that there was nobody he said hed kneel down in the
wet if I didnt so persevering he would too and ruin his new raincoat you never
know what freak theyd take alone with you theyre so savage for it if anyone was
passing so I lifted them a bit and touched his trousers outside the way I used
to Gardner after with my ring hand to keep him from doing worse where it was
too public I was dying to find out was he circumcised he was shaking like a
jelly all over they want to do everything too quick take all the pleasure out
of it and father waiting all the time for his dinner he told me to say I left
my purse in the butchers and had to go back for it what a Deceiver then he
wrote me that letter with all those words in it how could he have the face to
any woman after his company manners making it so awkward after when we met
asking me have I offended you with my eyelids down of course he saw I wasnt he
had a few brains not like that other fool Henny Doyle he was always breaking or
tearing something in the charades I hate an unlucky man and if I knew what it
meant of course I had to say no for form sake dont understand you I said and
wasnt it natural so it is of course it used to be written up with a picture of
a womans on that wall in Gibraltar with that word I couldnt find anywhere only
for children seeing it too young then writing every morning a letter sometimes
twice a day I liked the way he made love then he knew the way to take a woman
when he sent me the 8 big poppies because mine was the 8th then I wrote the
night he kissed my heart at Dolphins barn I couldnt describe it simply it makes
you feel like nothing on earth but he never knew how to embrace well like
Gardner I hope hell come on Monday as he said at the same time four I hate
people who come at all hours answer the door you think its the vegetables then
its somebody and you all undressed or the door of the filthy sloppy kitchen
blows open the day old frostyface Goodwin called about the concert in Lombard
street and I just after dinner all flushed and tossed with boiling old stew
dont look at me professor I had to say Im a fright yes but he was a real old
gent in his way it was impossible to be more respectful nobody to say youre out
you have to peep out through the blind like the messengerboy today I thought it
was a putoff first him sending the port and the peaches first and I was just
beginning to yawn with nerves thinking he was trying to make a fool of me when
I knew his tattarrattat at the door he must have been a bit late because it was
1/4 after 3 when I saw the 2 Dedalus girls coming from school I never know the
time even that watch he gave me never seems to go properly Id want to get it
looked after when I threw the penny to that lame sailor for England home and
beauty when I was whistling there is a charming girl I love and I hadnt even
put on my clean shift or powdered myself or a thing then this day week were to
go to Belfast just as well he has to go to Ennis his fathers anniversary the
27th it wouldnt be pleasant if he did suppose our rooms at the hotel were
beside each other and any fooling went on in the new bed I couldnt tell him to
stop and not bother me with him in the next room or perhaps some protestant
clergyman with a cough knocking on the wall then hed never believe the next day
we didnt do something its all very well a husband but you cant fool a lover
after me telling him we never did anything of course he didnt believe me no its
better hes going where he is besides something always happens with him the time
going to the Mallow concert at Maryborough ordering boiling soup for the two of
us then the bell rang out he walks down the platform with the soup splashing
about taking spoonfuls of it hadnt he the nerve and the waiter after him making
a holy show of us screeching and confusion for the engine to start but he
wouldnt pay till he finished it the two gentlemen in the 3rd class carriage
said he was quite right so he was too hes so pigheaded sometimes when he gets a
thing into his head a good job he was able to open the carriage door with his
knife or theyd have taken us on to Cork I suppose that was done out of revenge
on him O I love jaunting in a train or a car with lovely soft cushions I wonder
will he take a 1st class for me he might want to do it in the train by tipping
the guard well O I suppose therell be the usual idiots of men gaping at us with
their eyes as stupid as ever they can possibly be that was an exceptional man
that common workman that left us alone in the carriage that day going to Howth
Id like to find out something about him 1 or 2 tunnels perhaps then you have to
look out of the window all the nicer then coming back suppose I never came back
what would they say eloped with him that gets you on on the stage the last
concert I sang at where its over a year ago when was it St Teresas hall
Clarendon St little chits of missies they have now singing Kathleen Kearney and
her like on account of father being in the army and my singing the absentminded
beggar and wearing a brooch for Lord Roberts when I had the map of it all and
Poldy not Irish enough was it him managed it this time I wouldnt put it past
him like he got me on to sing in the <em>Stabat Mater</em> by going around saying
he was putting Lead Kindly Light to music I put him up to that till the jesuits
found out he was a freemason thumping the piano lead Thou me on copied from
some old opera yes and he was going about with some of them Sinner Fein lately
or whatever they call themselves talking his usual trash and nonsense he says
that little man he showed me without the neck is very intelligent the coming
man Griffiths is he well he doesnt look it thats all I can say still it must
have been him he knew there was a boycott I hate the mention of their politics
after the war that Pretoria and Ladysmith and Bloemfontein where Gardner lieut
Stanley G 8th Bn 2nd East Lancs Rgt of enteric fever he was a lovely fellow in
khaki and just the right height over me Im sure he was brave too he said I was
lovely the evening we kissed goodbye at the canal lock my Irish beauty he was
pale with excitement about going away or wed be seen from the road he couldnt
stand properly and I so hot as I never felt they could have made their peace in
the beginning or old oom Paul and the rest of the other old Krugers go and
fight it out between them instead of dragging on for years killing any
finelooking men there were with their fever if he was even decently shot it
wouldnt have been so bad I love to see a regiment pass in review the first time
I saw the Spanish cavalry at La Roque it was lovely after looking across the
bay from Algeciras all the lights of the rock like fireflies or those sham
battles on the 15 acres the Black Watch with their kilts in time at the march
past the 10th hussars the prince of Wales own or the lancers O the lancers
theyre grand or the Dublins that won Tugela his father made his money over
selling the horses for the cavalry well he could buy me a nice present up in
Belfast after what I gave him theyve lovely linen up there or one of those nice
kimono things I must buy a mothball like I had before to keep in the drawer
with them it would be exciting going round with him shopping buying those
things in a new city better leave this ring behind want to keep turning and
turning to get it over the knuckle there or they might bell it round the town
in their papers or tell the police on me but theyd think were married O let
them all go and smother themselves for the fat lot I care he has plenty of
money and hes not a marrying man so somebody better get it out of him if I
could find out whether he likes me I looked a bit washy of course when I looked
close in the handglass powdering a mirror never gives you the expression
besides scrooching down on me like that all the time with his big hipbones hes
heavy too with his hairy chest for this heat always having to lie down for them
better for him put it into me from behind the way Mrs Mastiansky told me her
husband made her like the dogs do it and stick out her tongue as far as ever
she could and he so quiet and mild with his tingating cither can you ever be up
to men the way it takes them lovely stuff in that blue suit he had on and
stylish tie and socks with the skyblue silk things on them hes certainly
welloff I know by the cut his clothes have and his heavy watch but he was like
a perfect devil for a few minutes after he came back with the stoppress tearing
up the tickets and swearing blazes because he lost 20 quid he said he lost over
that outsider that won and half he put on for me on account of Lenehans tip
cursing him to the lowest pits that sponger he was making free with me after
the Glencree dinner coming back that long joult over the featherbed mountain
after the lord Mayor looking at me with his dirty eyes Val Dillon that big
heathen I first noticed him at dessert when I was cracking the nuts with my
teeth I wished I could have picked every morsel of that chicken out of my
fingers it was so tasty and browned and as tender as anything only for I didnt
want to eat everything on my plate those forks and fishslicers were hallmarked
silver too I wish I had some I could easily have slipped a couple into my muff
when I was playing with them then always hanging out of them for money in a
restaurant for the bit you put down your throat we have to be thankful for our
mangy cup of tea itself as a great compliment to be noticed the way the world
is divided in any case if its going to go on I want at least two other good
chemises for one thing and but I dont know what kind of drawers he likes none
at all I think didnt he say yes and half the girls in Gibraltar never wore them
either naked as God made them that Andalusian singing her Manola she didnt make
much secret of what she hadnt yes and the second pair of silkette stockings is
laddered after one days wear I could have brought them back to Lewers this
morning and kicked up a row and made that one change them only not to upset
myself and run the risk of walking into him and ruining the whole thing and one
of those kidfitting corsets Id want advertised cheap in the Gentlewoman with
elastic gores on the hips he saved the one I have but thats no good what did
they say they give a delightful figure line 11/6 obviating that unsightly broad
appearance across the lower back to reduce flesh my belly is a bit too big Ill
have to knock off the stout at dinner or am I getting too fond of it the last
they sent from ORourkes was as flat as a pancake he makes his money easy Larry
they call him the old mangy parcel he sent at Xmas a cottage cake and a bottle
of hogwash he tried to palm off as claret that he couldnt get anyone to drink
God spare his spit for fear hed die of the drouth or I must do a few breathing
exercises I wonder is that antifat any good might overdo it the thin ones are
not so much the fashion now garters that much I have the violet pair I wore
today thats all he bought me out of the cheque he got on the first O no there
was the face lotion I finished the last of yesterday that made my skin like new
I told him over and over again get that made up in the same place and dont
forget it God only knows whether he did after all I said to him Ill know by the
bottle anyway if not I suppose Ill only have to wash in my piss like beeftea or
chickensoup with some of that opoponax and violet I thought it was beginning to
look coarse or old a bit the skin underneath is much finer where it peeled off
there on my finger after the burn its a pity it isnt all like that and the four
paltry handkerchiefs about 6/- in all sure you cant get on in this world
without style all going in food and rent when I get it Ill lash it around I
tell you in fine style I always want to throw a handful of tea into the pot
measuring and mincing if I buy a pair of old brogues itself do you like those
new shoes yes were they Ive no clothes at all the brown costume and the skirt
and jacket and the one at the cleaners 3 whats that for any woman cutting up
this old hat and patching up the other the men wont look at you and women try
to walk on you because they know youve no man then with all the things getting
dearer every day for the 4 years more I have of life up to 35 no Im what am I
at all Ill be 33 in September will I what O well look at that Mrs Galbraith
shes much older than me I saw her when I was out last week her beautys on the
wane she was a lovely woman magnificent head of hair on her down to her waist
tossing it back like that like Kitty OShea in Grantham street 1st thing I did
every morning to look across see her combing it as if she loved it and was full
of it pity I only got to know her the day before we left and that Mrs Langtry
the jersey lily the prince of Wales was in love with I suppose hes like the
first man going the roads only for the name of a king theyre all made the one
way only a black mans Id like to try a beauty up to what was she 45 there was
some funny story about the jealous old husband what was it at all and an oyster
knife he went no he made her wear a kind of a tin thing round her and the
prince of Wales yes he had the oyster knife cant be true a thing like that like
some of those books he brings me the works of Master Francois Somebody supposed
to be a priest about a child born out of her ear because her bumgut fell out a
nice word for any priest to write and her a—e as if any fool wouldnt know
what that meant I hate that pretending of all things with that old blackguards
face on him anybody can see its not true and that Ruby and Fair Tyrants he
brought me that twice I remember when I came to page 50 the part about where
she hangs him up out of a hook with a cord flagellate sure theres nothing for a
woman in that all invention made up about he drinking the champagne out of her
slipper after the ball was over like the infant Jesus in the crib at Inchicore
in the Blessed Virgins arms sure no woman could have a child that big taken out
of her and I thought first it came out of her side because how could she go to
the chamber when she wanted to and she a rich lady of course she felt honoured
H R H he was in Gibraltar the year I was born I bet he found lilies there too
where he planted the tree he planted more than that in his time he might have
planted me too if hed come a bit sooner then I wouldnt be here as I am he ought
to chuck that Freeman with the paltry few shillings he knocks out of it and go
into an office or something where hed get regular pay or a bank where they
could put him up on a throne to count the money all the day of course he
prefers plottering about the house so you cant stir with him any side whats
your programme today I wish hed even smoke a pipe like father to get the smell
of a man or pretending to be mooching about for advertisements when he could
have been in Mr Cuffes still only for what he did then sending me to try and
patch it up I could have got him promoted there to be the manager he gave me a
great mirada once or twice first he was as stiff as the mischief really and
truly Mrs Bloom only I felt rotten simply with the old rubbishy dress that I
lost the leads out of the tails with no cut in it but theyre coming into
fashion again I bought it simply to please him I knew it was no good by the
finish pity I changed my mind of going to Todd and Burns as I said and not Lees
it was just like the shop itself rummage sale a lot of trash I hate those rich
shops get on your nerves nothing kills me altogether only he thinks he knows a
great lot about a womans dress and cooking mathering everything he can scour
off the shelves into it if I went by his advices every blessed hat I put on
does that suit me yes take that thats alright the one like a weddingcake
standing up miles off my head he said suited me or the dishcover one coming
down on my backside on pins and needles about the shopgirl in that place in
Grafton street I had the misfortune to bring him into and she as insolent as
ever she could be with her smirk saying Im afraid were giving you too much
trouble what shes there for but I stared it out of her yes he was awfully stiff
and no wonder but he changed the second time he looked Poldy pigheaded as usual
like the soup but I could see him looking very hard at my chest when he stood
up to open the door for me it was nice of him to show me out in any case Im
extremely sorry Mrs Bloom believe me without making it too marked the first
time after him being insulted and me being supposed to be his wife I just half
smiled I know my chest was out that way at the door when he said Im extremely
sorry and Im sure you were</p>
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<p>yes I think he made them a bit firmer sucking them like that so long he made me
thirsty titties he calls them I had to laugh yes this one anyhow stiff the
nipple gets for the least thing Ill get him to keep that up and Ill take those
eggs beaten up with marsala fatten them out for him what are all those veins
and things curious the way its made 2 the same in case of twins theyre supposed
to represent beauty placed up there like those statues in the museum one of
them pretending to hide it with her hand are they so beautiful of course
compared with what a man looks like with his two bags full and his other thing
hanging down out of him or sticking up at you like a hatrack no wonder they
hide it with a cabbageleaf that disgusting Cameron highlander behind the meat
market or that other wretch with the red head behind the tree where the statue
of the fish used to be when I was passing pretending he was pissing standing
out for me to see it with his babyclothes up to one side the Queens own they
were a nice lot its well the Surreys relieved them theyre always trying to show
it to you every time nearly I passed outside the mens greenhouse near the
Harcourt street station just to try some fellow or other trying to catch my eye
as if it was 1 of the 7 wonders of the world O and the stink of those rotten
places the night coming home with Poldy after the Comerfords party oranges and
lemonade to make you feel nice and watery I went into 1 of them it was so
biting cold I couldnt keep it when was that 93 the canal was frozen yes it was
a few months after a pity a couple of the Camerons werent there to see me
squatting in the mens place meadero I tried to draw a picture of it before I
tore it up like a sausage or something I wonder theyre not afraid going about
of getting a kick or a bang of something there the woman is beauty of course
thats admitted when he said I could pose for a picture naked to some rich
fellow in Holles street when he lost the job in Helys and I was selling the
clothes and strumming in the coffee palace would I be like that bath of the
nymph with my hair down yes only shes younger or Im a little like that dirty
bitch in that Spanish photo he has nymphs used they go about like that I asked
him about her and that word met something with hoses in it and he came out with
some jawbreakers about the incarnation he never can explain a thing simply the
way a body can understand then he goes and burns the bottom out of the pan all
for his Kidney this one not so much theres the mark of his teeth still where he
tried to bite the nipple I had to scream out arent they fearful trying to hurt
you I had a great breast of milk with Milly enough for two what was the reason
of that he said I could have got a pound a week as a wet nurse all swelled out
the morning that delicate looking student that stopped in no 28 with the
Citrons Penrose nearly caught me washing through the window only for I snapped
up the towel to my face that was his studenting hurt me they used to weaning
her till he got doctor Brady to give me the belladonna prescription I had to
get him to suck them they were so hard he said it was sweeter and thicker than
cows then he wanted to milk me into the tea well hes beyond everything I
declare somebody ought to put him in the budget if I only could remember the
one half of the things and write a book out of it the works of Master Poldy yes
and its so much smoother the skin much an hour he was at them Im sure by the
clock like some kind of a big infant I had at me they want everything in their
mouth all the pleasure those men get out of a woman I can feel his mouth O Lord
I must stretch myself I wished he was here or somebody to let myself go with
and come again like that I feel all fire inside me or if I could dream it when
he made me spend the 2nd time tickling me behind with his finger I was coming
for about 5 minutes with my legs round him I had to hug him after O Lord I
wanted to shout out all sorts of things fuck or shit or anything at all only
not to look ugly or those lines from the strain who knows the way hed take it
you want to feel your way with a man theyre not all like him thank God some of
them want you to be so nice about it I noticed the contrast he does it and
doesnt talk I gave my eyes that look with my hair a bit loose from the tumbling
and my tongue between my lips up to him the savage brute Thursday Friday one
Saturday two Sunday three O Lord I cant wait till Monday</p>
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<p>frseeeeeeeefronnnng train somewhere whistling the strength those engines have
in them like big giants and the water rolling all over and out of them all
sides like the end of Loves old sweeeetsonnnng the poor men that have to be out
all the night from their wives and families in those roasting engines stifling
it was today Im glad I burned the half of those old Freemans and Photo Bits
leaving things like that lying about hes getting very careless and threw the
rest of them up in the W C I’ll get him to cut them tomorrow for me instead of
having them there for the next year to get a few pence for them have him asking
wheres last Januarys paper and all those old overcoats I bundled out of the
hall making the place hotter than it is that rain was lovely and refreshing
just after my beauty sleep I thought it was going to get like Gibraltar my
goodness the heat there before the levanter came on black as night and the
glare of the rock standing up in it like a big giant compared with their 3 Rock
mountain they think is so great with the red sentries here and there the
poplars and they all whitehot and the smell of the rainwater in those tanks
watching the sun all the time weltering down on you faded all that lovely frock
fathers friend Mrs Stanhope sent me from the B Marche paris what a shame my
dearest Doggerina she wrote on it she was very nice whats this her other name
was just a p c to tell you I sent the little present have just had a jolly warm
bath and feel a very clean dog now enjoyed it wogger she called him wogger wd
give anything to be back in Gib and hear you sing Waiting and in old Madrid
Concone is the name of those exercises he bought me one of those new some word
I couldnt make out shawls amusing things but tear for the least thing still
there lovely I think dont you will always think of the lovely teas we had
together scrumptious currant scones and raspberry wafers I adore well now
dearest Doggerina be sure and write soon kind she left out regards to your
father also Captain Grove with love yrs affly Hester x x x x x she didnt look a
bit married just like a girl he was years older than her wogger he was awfully
fond of me when he held down the wire with his foot for me to step over at the
bullfight at La Linea when that matador Gomez was given the bulls ear these
clothes we have to wear whoever invented them expecting you to walk up Killiney
hill then for example at that picnic all staysed up you cant do a blessed thing
in them in a crowd run or jump out of the way thats why I was afraid when that
other ferocious old Bull began to charge the banderilleros with the sashes and
the 2 things in their hats and the brutes of men shouting bravo toro sure the
women were as bad in their nice white mantillas ripping all the whole insides
out of those poor horses I never heard of such a thing in all my life yes he
used to break his heart at me taking off the dog barking in bell lane poor
brute and it sick what became of them ever I suppose theyre dead long ago the 2
of them its like all through a mist makes you feel so old I made the scones of
course I had everything all to myself then a girl Hester we used to compare our
hair mine was thicker than hers she showed me how to settle it at the back when
I put it up and whats this else how to make a knot on a thread with the one
hand we were like cousins what age was I then the night of the storm I slept in
her bed she had her arms round me then we were fighting in the morning with the
pillow what fun he was watching me whenever he got an opportunity at the band
on the Alameda esplanade when I was with father and Captain Grove I looked up
at the church first and then at the windows then down and our eyes met I felt
something go through me like all needles my eyes were dancing I remember after
when I looked at myself in the glass hardly recognised myself the change he was
attractive to a girl in spite of his being a little bald intelligent looking
disappointed and gay at the same time he was like Thomas in the shadow of
Ashlydyat I had a splendid skin from the sun and the excitement like a rose I
didnt get a wink of sleep it wouldnt have been nice on account of her but I
could have stopped it in time she gave me the Moonstone to read that was the
first I read of Wilkie Collins East Lynne I read and the shadow of Ashlydyat
Mrs Henry Wood Henry Dunbar by that other woman I lent him afterwards with
Mulveys photo in it so as he see I wasnt without and Lord Lytton Eugene Aram
Molly bawn she gave me by Mrs Hungerford on account of the name I dont like
books with a Molly in them like that one he brought me about the one from
Flanders a whore always shoplifting anything she could cloth and stuff and
yards of it O this blanket is too heavy on me thats better I havent even one
decent nightdress this thing gets all rolled under me besides him and his
fooling thats better I used to be weltering then in the heat my shift drenched
with the sweat stuck in the cheeks of my bottom on the chair when I stood up
they were so fattish and firm when I got up on the sofa cushions to see with my
clothes up and the bugs tons of them at night and the mosquito nets I couldnt
read a line Lord how long ago it seems centuries of course they never came back
and she didnt put her address right on it either she may have noticed her
wogger people were always going away and we never I remember that day with the
waves and the boats with their high heads rocking and the smell of ship those
Officers uniforms on shore leave made me seasick he didnt say anything he was
very serious I had the high buttoned boots on and my skirt was blowing she
kissed me six or seven times didnt I cry yes I believe I did or near it my lips
were taittering when I said goodbye she had a Gorgeous wrap of some special
kind of blue colour on her for the voyage made very peculiarly to one side like
and it was extremely pretty it got as dull as the devil after they went I was
almost planning to run away mad out of it somewhere were never easy where we
are father or aunt or marriage waiting always waiting to guiiiide him toooo me
waiting nor speeeed his flying feet their damn guns bursting and booming all
over the shop especially the Queens birthday and throwing everything down in
all directions if you didnt open the windows when general Ulysses Grant whoever
he was or did supposed to be some great fellow landed off the ship and old
Sprague the consul that was there from before the flood dressed up poor man and
he in mourning for the son then the same old bugles for reveille in the morning
and drums rolling and the unfortunate poor devils of soldiers walking about
with messtins smelling the place more than the old longbearded jews in their
jellibees and levites assembly and sound clear and gunfire for the men to cross
the lines and the warden marching with his keys to lock the gates and the
bagpipes and only captain Groves and father talking about Rorkes drift and
Plevna and sir Garnet Wolseley and Gordon at Khartoum lighting their pipes for
them everytime they went out drunken old devil with his grog on the windowsill
catch him leaving any of it picking his nose trying to think of some other
dirty story to tell up in a corner but he never forgot himself when I was there
sending me out of the room on some blind excuse paying his compliments the
Bushmills whisky talking of course but hed do the same to the next woman that
came along I suppose he died of galloping drink ages ago the days like years
not a letter from a living soul except the odd few I posted to myself with bits
of paper in them so bored sometimes I could fight with my nails listening to
that old Arab with the one eye and his heass of an instrument singing his heah
heah aheah all my compriment on your hotchapotch of your heass as bad as now
with the hands hanging off me looking out of the window if there was a nice
fellow even in the opposite house that medical in Holles street the nurse was
after when I put on my gloves and hat at the window to show I was going out not
a notion what I meant arent they thick never understand what you say even youd
want to print it up on a big poster for them not even if you shake hands twice
with the left he didnt recognise me either when I half frowned at him outside
Westland row chapel where does their great intelligence come in Id like to know
grey matter they have it all in their tail if you ask me those country gougers
up in the City Arms intelligence they had a damn sight less than the bulls and
cows they were selling the meat and the coalmans bell that noisy bugger trying
to swindle me with the wrong bill he took out of his hat what a pair of paws
and pots and pans and kettles to mend any broken bottles for a poor man today
and no visitors or post ever except his cheques or some advertisement like that
wonderworker they sent him addressed dear Madam only his letter and the card
from Milly this morning see she wrote a letter to him who did I get the last
letter from O Mrs Dwenn now what possessed her to write from Canada after so
many years to know the recipe I had for pisto madrileno Floey Dillon since she
wrote to say she was married to a very rich architect if Im to believe all I
hear with a villa and eight rooms her father was an awfully nice man he was
near seventy always goodhumoured well now Miss Tweedy or Miss Gillespie theres
the piannyer that was a solid silver coffee service he had too on the mahogany
sideboard then dying so far away I hate people that have always their poor
story to tell everybody has their own troubles that poor Nancy Blake died a
month ago of acute neumonia well I didnt know her so well as all that she was
Floeys friend more than mine poor Nancy its a bother having to answer he always
tells me the wrong things and no stops to say like making a speech your sad
bereavement symph̸athy I always make that mistake and new̸phew with
2 double yous in I hope hell write me a longer letter the next time if its a
thing he really likes me O thanks be to the great God I got somebody to give me
what I badly wanted to put some heart up into me youve no chances at all in
this place like you used long ago I wish somebody would write me a loveletter
his wasnt much and I told him he could write what he liked yours ever Hugh
Boylan in old Madrid stuff silly women believe love is sighing I am dying still
if he wrote it I suppose thered be some truth in it true or no it fills up your
whole day and life always something to think about every moment and see it all
round you like a new world I could write the answer in bed to let him imagine
me short just a few words not those long crossed letters Atty Dillon used to
write to the fellow that was something in the four courts that jilted her after
out of the ladies letterwriter when I told her to say a few simple words he
could twist how he liked not acting with precipat precipitancy with equal
candour the greatest earthly happiness answer to a gentlemans proposal
affirmatively my goodness theres nothing else its all very fine for them but as
for being a woman as soon as youre old they might as well throw you out in the
bottom of the ashpit.</p>
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<p>Mulveys was the first when I was in bed that morning and Mrs Rubio brought it
in with the coffee she stood there standing when I asked her to hand me and I
pointing at them I couldnt think of the word a hairpin to open it with ah
horquilla disobliging old thing and it staring her in the face with her switch
of false hair on her and vain about her appearance ugly as she was near 80 or a
100 her face a mass of wrinkles with all her religion domineering because she
never could get over the Atlantic fleet coming in half the ships of the world
and the Union Jack flying with all her carabineros because 4 drunken English
sailors took all the rock from them and because I didnt run into mass often
enough in Santa Maria to please her with her shawl up on her except when there
was a marriage on with all her miracles of the saints and her black blessed
virgin with the silver dress and the sun dancing 3 times on Easter Sunday
morning and when the priest was going by with the bell bringing the vatican to
the dying blessing herself for his Majestad an admirer he signed it I near
jumped out of my skin I wanted to pick him up when I saw him following me along
the Calle Real in the shop window then he tipped me just in passing but I never
thought hed write making an appointment I had it inside my petticoat bodice all
day reading it up in every hole and corner while father was up at the drill
instructing to find out by the handwriting or the language of stamps singing I
remember shall I wear a white rose and I wanted to put on the old stupid clock
to near the time he was the first man kissed me under the Moorish wall my
sweetheart when a boy it never entered my head what kissing meant till he put
his tongue in my mouth his mouth was sweetlike young I put my knee up to him a
few times to learn the way what did I tell him I was engaged for for fun to the
son of a Spanish nobleman named Don Miguel de la Flora and he believed me that
I was to be married to him in 3 years time theres many a true word spoken in
jest there is a flower that bloometh a few things I told him true about myself
just for him to be imagining the Spanish girls he didnt like I suppose one of
them wouldnt have him I got him excited he crushed all the flowers on my bosom
he brought me he couldnt count the pesetas and the perragordas till I taught
him Cappoquin he came from he said on the black water but it was too short then
the day before he left May yes it was May when the infant king of Spain was
born Im always like that in the spring Id like a new fellow every year up on
the tiptop under the rockgun near OHaras tower I told him it was struck by
lightning and all about the old Barbary apes they sent to Clapham without a
tail careering all over the show on each others back Mrs Rubio said she was a
regular old rock scorpion robbing the chickens out of Inces farm and throw
stones at you if you went anear he was looking at me I had that white blouse on
open in the front to encourage him as much as I could without too openly they
were just beginning to be plump I said I was tired we lay over the firtree cove
a wild place I suppose it must be the highest rock in existence the galleries
and casemates and those frightful rocks and Saint Michaels cave with the
icicles or whatever they call them hanging down and ladders all the mud
plotching my boots Im sure thats the way down the monkeys go under the sea to
Africa when they die the ships out far like chips that was the Malta boat
passing yes the sea and the sky you could do what you liked lie there for ever
he caressed them outside they love doing that its the roundness there I was
leaning over him with my white ricestraw hat to take the newness out of it the
left side of my face the best my blouse open for his last day transparent kind
of shirt he had I could see his chest pink he wanted to touch mine with his for
a moment but I wouldnt let him he was awfully put out first for fear you never
know consumption or leave me with a child embarazada that old servant Ines told
me that one drop even if it got into you at all after I tried with the Banana
but I was afraid it might break and get lost up in me somewhere because they
once took something down out of a woman that was up there for years covered
with limesalts theyre all mad to get in there where they come out of youd think
they could never go far enough up and then theyre done with you in a way till
the next time yes because theres a wonderful feeling there so tender all the
time how did we finish it off yes O yes I pulled him off into my handkerchief
pretending not to be excited but I opened my legs I wouldnt let him touch me
inside my petticoat because I had a skirt opening up the side I tormented the
life out of him first tickling him I loved rousing that dog in the hotel
rrrsssstt awokwokawok his eyes shut and a bird flying below us he was shy all
the same I liked him like that moaning I made him blush a little when I got
over him that way when I unbuttoned him and took his out and drew back the skin
it had a kind of eye in it theyre all Buttons men down the middle on the wrong
side of them Molly darling he called me what was his name Jack Joe Harry Mulvey
was it yes I think a lieutenant he was rather fair he had a laughing kind of a
voice so I went round to the whatyoucallit everything was whatyoucallit
moustache had he he said hed come back Lord its just like yesterday to me and
if I was married hed do it to me and I promised him yes faithfully Id let him
block me now flying perhaps hes dead or killed or a captain or admiral its
nearly 20 years if I said firtree cove he would if he came up behind me and put
his hands over my eyes to guess who I might recognise him hes young still about
40 perhaps hes married some girl on the black water and is quite changed they
all do they havent half the character a woman has she little knows what I did
with her beloved husband before he ever dreamt of her in broad daylight too in
the sight of the whole world you might say they could have put an article about
it in the Chronicle I was a bit wild after when I blew out the old bag the
biscuits were in from Benady Bros and exploded it Lord what a bang all the
woodcocks and pigeons screaming coming back the same way that we went over
middle hill round by the old guardhouse and the jews burialplace pretending to
read out the Hebrew on them I wanted to fire his pistol he said he hadnt one he
didnt know what to make of me with his peak cap on that he always wore crooked
as often as I settled it straight H M S Calypso swinging my hat that old Bishop
that spoke off the altar his long preach about womans higher functions about
girls now riding the bicycle and wearing peak caps and the new woman bloomers
God send him sense and me more money I suppose theyre called after him I never
thought that would be my name Bloom when I used to write it in print to see how
it looked on a visiting card or practising for the butcher and oblige M Bloom
youre looking blooming Josie used to say after I married him well its better
than Breen or Briggs does brig or those awful names with bottom in them Mrs
Ramsbottom or some other kind of a bottom Mulvey I wouldnt go mad about either
or suppose I divorced him Mrs Boylan my mother whoever she was might have given
me a nicer name the Lord knows after the lovely one she had Lunita Laredo the
fun we had running along Williss road to Europa point twisting in and out all
round the other side of Jersey they were shaking and dancing about in my blouse
like Millys little ones now when she runs up the stairs I loved looking down at
them I was jumping up at the pepper trees and the white poplars pulling the
leaves off and throwing them at him he went to India he was to write the
voyages those men have to make to the ends of the world and back its the least
they might get a squeeze or two at a woman while they can going out to be
drowned or blown up somewhere I went up Windmill hill to the flats that Sunday
morning with captain Rubios that was dead spyglass like the sentry had he said
hed have one or two from on board I wore that frock from the B Marche paris and
the coral necklace the straits shining I could see over to Morocco almost the
bay of Tangier white and the Atlas mountain with snow on it and the straits
like a river so clear Harry Molly darling I was thinking of him on the sea all
the time after at mass when my petticoat began to slip down at the elevation
weeks and weeks I kept the handkerchief under my pillow for the smell of him
there was no decent perfume to be got in that Gibraltar only that cheap peau
dEspagne that faded and left a stink on you more than anything else I wanted to
give him a memento he gave me that clumsy Claddagh ring for luck that I gave
Gardner going to south Africa where those Boers killed him with their war and
fever but they were well beaten all the same as if it brought its bad luck with
it like an opal or pearl still it must have been pure 18 carrot gold because it
was very heavy but what could you get in a place like that the sandfrog shower
from Africa and that derelict ship that came up to the harbour Marie the Marie
whatyoucallit no he hadnt a moustache that was Gardner yes I can see his face
cleanshaven Frseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeefrong that train again weeping tone once in
the dear deaead days beyondre call close my eyes breath my lips forward kiss
sad look eyes open piano ere oer the world the mists began I hate that istsbeg
comes loves sweet sooooooooooong Ill let that out full when I get in front of
the footlights again Kathleen Kearney and her lot of squealers Miss This Miss
That Miss Theother lot of sparrowfarts skitting around talking about politics
they know as much about as my backside anything in the world to make themselves
someway interesting Irish homemade beauties soldiers daughter am I ay and whose
are you bootmakers and publicans I beg your pardon coach I thought you were a
wheelbarrow theyd die down dead off their feet if ever they got a chance of
walking down the Alameda on an officers arm like me on the bandnight my eyes
flash my bust that they havent passion God help their poor head I knew more
about men and life when I was 15 than theyll all know at 50 they dont know how
to sing a song like that Gardner said no man could look at my mouth and teeth
smiling like that and not think of it I was afraid he mightnt like my accent
first he so English all father left me in spite of his stamps Ive my mothers
eyes and figure anyhow he always said theyre so snotty about themselves some of
those cads he wasnt a bit like that he was dead gone on my lips let them get a
husband first thats fit to be looked at and a daughter like mine or see if they
can excite a swell with money that can pick and choose whoever he wants like
Boylan to do it 4 or 5 times locked in each others arms or the voice either I
could have been a prima donna only I married him comes looooves old deep down
chin back not too much make it double My Ladys Bower is too long for an encore
about the moated grange at twilight and vaunted rooms yes Ill sing Winds that
blow from the south that he gave after the choirstairs performance Ill change
that lace on my black dress to show off my bubs and Ill yes by God Ill get that
big fan mended make them burst with envy my hole is itching me always when I
think of him I feel I want to I feel some wind in me better go easy not wake
him have him at it again slobbering after washing every bit of myself back
belly and sides if we had even a bath itself or my own room anyway I wish hed
sleep in some bed by himself with his cold feet on me give us room even to let
a fart God or do the least thing better yes hold them like that a bit on my
side piano quietly sweeeee theres that train far away pianissimo eeeee one more
song</p>
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<p>that was a relief wherever you be let your wind go free who knows if that pork
chop I took with my cup of tea after was quite good with the heat I couldnt
smell anything off it Im sure that queerlooking man in the porkbutchers is a
great rogue I hope that lamp is not smoking fill my nose up with smuts better
than having him leaving the gas on all night I couldnt rest easy in my bed in
Gibraltar even getting up to see why am I so damned nervous about that though I
like it in the winter its more company O Lord it was rotten cold too that
winter when I was only about ten was I yes I had the big doll with all the
funny clothes dressing her up and undressing that icy wind skeeting across from
those mountains the something Nevada sierra nevada standing at the fire with
the little bit of a short shift I had up to heat myself I loved dancing about
in it then make a race back into bed Im sure that fellow opposite used to be
there the whole time watching with the lights out in the summer and I in my
skin hopping around I used to love myself then stripped at the washstand
dabbing and creaming only when it came to the chamber performance I put out the
light too so then there were 2 of us goodbye to my sleep for this night anyhow
I hope hes not going to get in with those medicals leading him astray to
imagine hes young again coming in at 4 in the morning it must be if not more
still he had the manners not to wake me what do they find to gabber about all
night squandering money and getting drunker and drunker couldnt they drink
water then he starts giving us his orders for eggs and tea and Findon haddy and
hot buttered toast I suppose well have him sitting up like the king of the
country pumping the wrong end of the spoon up and down in his egg wherever he
learned that from and I love to hear him falling up the stairs of a morning
with the cups rattling on the tray and then play with the cat she rubs up
against you for her own sake I wonder has she fleas shes as bad as a woman
always licking and lecking but I hate their claws I wonder do they see anything
that we cant staring like that when she sits at the top of the stairs so long
and listening as I wait always what a robber too that lovely fresh plaice I
bought I think Ill get a bit of fish tomorrow or today is it Friday yes I will
with some blancmange with black currant jam like long ago not those 2 lb pots
of mixed plum and apple from the London and Newcastle Williams and Woods goes
twice as far only for the bones I hate those eels cod yes Ill get a nice piece
of cod Im always getting enough for 3 forgetting anyway Im sick of that
everlasting butchers meat from Buckleys loin chops and leg beef and rib steak
and scrag of mutton and calfs pluck the very name is enough or a picnic suppose
we all gave 5/- each and or let him pay it and invite some other woman for him
who Mrs Fleming and drove out to the furry glen or the strawberry beds wed have
him examining all the horses toenails first like he does with the letters no
not with Boylan there yes with some cold veal and ham mixed sandwiches there
are little houses down at the bottom of the banks there on purpose but its as
hot as blazes he says not a bank holiday anyhow I hate those ruck of Mary Ann
coalboxes out for the day Whit Monday is a cursed day too no wonder that bee
bit him better the seaside but Id never again in this life get into a boat with
him after him at Bray telling the boatman he knew how to row if anyone asked
could he ride the steeplechase for the gold cup hed say yes then it came on to
get rough the old thing crookeding about and the weight all down my side
telling me pull the right reins now pull the left and the tide all swamping in
floods in through the bottom and his oar slipping out of the stirrup its a
mercy we werent all drowned he can swim of course me no theres no danger
whatsoever keep yourself calm in his flannel trousers Id like to have tattered
them down off him before all the people and give him what that one calls
flagellate till he was black and blue do him all the good in the world only for
that longnosed chap I dont know who he is with that other beauty Burke out of
the City Arms hotel was there spying around as usual on the slip always where
he wasnt wanted if there was a row on youd vomit a better face there was no
love lost between us thats 1 consolation I wonder what kind is that book he
brought me Sweets of Sin by a gentleman of fashion some other Mr de Kock I
suppose the people gave him that nickname going about with his tube from one
woman to another I couldnt even change my new white shoes all ruined with the
saltwater and the hat I had with that feather all blowy and tossed on me how
annoying and provoking because the smell of the sea excited me of course the
sardines and the bream in Catalan bay round the back of the rock they were fine
all silver in the fishermens baskets old Luigi near a hundred they said came
from Genoa and the tall old chap with the earrings I dont like a man you have
to climb up to to get at I suppose theyre all dead and rotten long ago besides
I dont like being alone in this big barracks of a place at night I suppose Ill
have to put up with it I never brought a bit of salt in even when we moved in
the confusion musical academy he was going to make on the first floor
drawingroom with a brassplate or Blooms private hotel he suggested go and ruin
himself altogether the way his father did down in Ennis like all the things he
told father he was going to do and me but I saw through him telling me all the
lovely places we could go for the honeymoon Venice by moonlight with the
gondolas and the lake of Como he had a picture cut out of some paper of and
mandolines and lanterns O how nice I said whatever I liked he was going to do
immediately if not sooner will you be my man will you carry my can he ought to
get a leather medal with a putty rim for all the plans he invents then leaving
us here all day youd never know what old beggar at the door for a crust with
his long story might be a tramp and put his foot in the way to prevent me
shutting it like that picture of that hardened criminal he was called in Lloyds
Weekly news 20 years in jail then he comes out and murders an old woman for her
money imagine his poor wife or mother or whoever she is such a face youd run
miles away from I couldnt rest easy till I bolted all the doors and windows to
make sure but its worse again being locked up like in a prison or a madhouse
they ought to be all shot or the cat of nine tails a big brute like that that
would attack a poor old woman to murder her in her bed Id cut them off him so I
would not that hed be much use still better than nothing the night I was sure I
heard burglars in the kitchen and he went down in his shirt with a candle and a
poker as if he was looking for a mouse as white as a sheet frightened out of
his wits making as much noise as he possibly could for the burglars benefit
there isnt much to steal indeed the Lord knows still its the feeling especially
now with Milly away such an idea for him to send the girl down there to learn
to take photographs on account of his grandfather instead of sending her to
Skerrys academy where shed have to learn not like me getting all at school only
hed do a thing like that all the same on account of me and Boylan thats why he
did it Im certain the way he plots and plans everything out I couldnt turn
round with her in the place lately unless I bolted the door first gave me the
fidgets coming in without knocking first when I put the chair against the door
just as I was washing myself there below with the glove get on your nerves then
doing the loglady all day put her in a glasscase with two at a time to look at
her if he knew she broke off the hand off that little gimcrack statue with her
roughness and carelessness before she left that I got that little Italian boy
to mend so that you cant see the join for 2 shillings wouldnt even teem the
potatoes for you of course shes right not to ruin her hands I noticed he was
always talking to her lately at the table explaining things in the paper and
she pretending to understand sly of course that comes from his side of the
house he cant say I pretend things can he Im too honest as a matter of fact and
helping her into her coat but if there was anything wrong with her its me shed
tell not him I suppose he thinks Im finished out and laid on the shelf well Im
not no nor anything like it well see well see now shes well on for flirting too
with Tom Devans two sons imitating me whistling with those romps of Murray
girls calling for her can Milly come out please shes in great demand to pick
what they can out of her round in Nelson street riding Harry Devans bicycle at
night its as well he sent her where she is she was just getting out of bounds
wanting to go on the skatingrink and smoking their cigarettes through their
nose I smelt it off her dress when I was biting off the thread of the button I
sewed on to the bottom of her jacket she couldnt hide much from me I tell you
only I oughtnt to have stitched it and it on her it brings a parting and the
last plumpudding too split in 2 halves see it comes out no matter what they say
her tongue is a bit too long for my taste your blouse is open too low she says
to me the pan calling the kettle blackbottom and I had to tell her not to cock
her legs up like that on show on the windowsill before all the people passing
they all look at her like me when I was her age of course any old rag looks
well on you then a great touchmenot too in her own way at the Only Way in the
Theatre royal take your foot away out of that I hate people touching me afraid
of her life Id crush her skirt with the pleats a lot of that touching must go
on in theatres in the crush in the dark theyre always trying to wiggle up to
you that fellow in the pit at the Gaiety for Beerbohm Tree in Trilby the last
time Ill ever go there to be squashed like that for any Trilby or her barebum
every two minutes tipping me there and looking away hes a bit daft I think I
saw him after trying to get near two stylishdressed ladies outside Switzers
window at the same little game I recognised him on the moment the face and
everything but he didnt remember me yes and she didnt even want me to kiss her
at the Broadstone going away well I hope shell get someone to dance attendance
on her the way I did when she was down with the mumps and her glands swollen
wheres this and wheres that of course she cant feel anything deep yet I never
came properly till I was what 22 or so it went into the wrong place always only
the usual girls nonsense and giggling that Conny Connolly writing to her in
white ink on black paper sealed with sealingwax though she clapped when the
curtain came down because he looked so handsome then we had Martin Harvey for
breakfast dinner and supper I thought to myself afterwards it must be real love
if a man gives up his life for her that way for nothing I suppose there are a
few men like that left its hard to believe in it though unless it really
happened to me the majority of them with not a particle of love in their
natures to find two people like that nowadays full up of each other that would
feel the same way as you do theyre usually a bit foolish in the head his father
must have been a bit queer to go and poison himself after her still poor old
man I suppose he felt lost shes always making love to my things too the few old
rags I have wanting to put her hair up at 15 my powder too only ruin her skin
on her shes time enough for that all her life after of course shes restless
knowing shes pretty with her lips so red a pity they wont stay that way I was
too but theres no use going to the fair with the thing answering me like a
fishwoman when I asked to go for a half a stone of potatoes the day we met Mrs
Joe Gallaher at the trottingmatches and she pretended not to see us in her trap
with Friery the solicitor we werent grand enough till I gave her 2 damn fine
cracks across the ear for herself take that now for answering me like that and
that for your impudence she had me that exasperated of course contradicting I
was badtempered too because how was it there was a weed in the tea or I didnt
sleep the night before cheese I ate was it and I told her over and over again
not to leave knives crossed like that because she has nobody to command her as
she said herself well if he doesnt correct her faith I will that was the last
time she turned on the teartap I was just like that myself they darent order me
about the place its his fault of course having the two of us slaving here
instead of getting in a woman long ago am I ever going to have a proper servant
again of course then shed see him coming Id have to let her know or shed
revenge it arent they a nuisance that old Mrs Fleming you have to be walking
round after her putting the things into her hands sneezing and farting into the
pots well of course shes old she cant help it a good job I found that rotten
old smelly dishcloth that got lost behind the dresser I knew there was
something and opened the area window to let out the smell bringing in his
friends to entertain them like the night he walked home with a dog if you
please that might have been mad especially Simon Dedalus son his father such a
criticiser with his glasses up with his tall hat on him at the cricket match
and a great big hole in his sock one thing laughing at the other and his son
that got all those prizes for whatever he won them in the intermediate imagine
climbing over the railings if anybody saw him that knew us I wonder he didnt
tear a big hole in his grand funeral trousers as if the one nature gave wasnt
enough for anybody hawking him down into the dirty old kitchen now is he right
in his head I ask pity it wasnt washing day my old pair of drawers might have
been hanging up too on the line on exhibition for all hed ever care with the
ironmould mark the stupid old bundle burned on them he might think was
something else and she never even rendered down the fat I told her and now shes
going such as she was on account of her paralysed husband getting worse theres
always something wrong with them disease or they have to go under an operation
or if its not that its drink and he beats her Ill have to hunt around again for
someone every day I get up theres some new thing on sweet God sweet God well
when Im stretched out dead in my grave I suppose Ill have some peace I want to
get up a minute if Im let wait O Jesus wait yes that thing has come on me yes
now wouldnt that afflict you of course all the poking and rooting and ploughing
he had up in me now what am I to do Friday Saturday Sunday wouldnt that pester
the soul out of a body unless he likes it some men do God knows theres always
something wrong with us 5 days every 3 or 4 weeks usual monthly auction isnt it
simply sickening that night it came on me like that the one and only time we
were in a box that Michael Gunn gave him to see Mrs Kendal and her husband at
the Gaiety something he did about insurance for him in Drimmies I was fit to be
tied though I wouldnt give in with that gentleman of fashion staring down at me
with his glasses and him the other side of me talking about Spinoza and his
soul thats dead I suppose millions of years ago I smiled the best I could all
in a swamp leaning forward as if I was interested having to sit it out then to
the last tag I wont forget that wife of Scarli in a hurry supposed to be a fast
play about adultery that idiot in the gallery hissing the woman adulteress he
shouted I suppose he went and had a woman in the next lane running round all
the back ways after to make up for it I wish he had what I had then hed boo I
bet the cat itself is better off than us have we too much blood up in us or
what O patience above its pouring out of me like the sea anyhow he didnt make
me pregnant as big as he is I dont want to ruin the clean sheets I just put on
I suppose the clean linen I wore brought it on too damn it damn it and they
always want to see a stain on the bed to know youre a virgin for them all thats
troubling them theyre such fools too you could be a widow or divorced 40 times
over a daub of red ink would do or blackberry juice no thats too purply O
Jamesy let me up out of this pooh sweets of sin whoever suggested that business
for women what between clothes and cooking and children this damned old bed too
jingling like the dickens I suppose they could hear us away over the other side
of the park till I suggested to put the quilt on the floor with the pillow
under my bottom I wonder is it nicer in the day I think it is easy I think Ill
cut all this hair off me there scalding me I might look like a young girl
wouldnt he get the great suckin the next time he turned up my clothes on me Id
give anything to see his face wheres the chamber gone easy Ive a holy horror of
its breaking under me after that old commode I wonder was I too heavy sitting
on his knee I made him sit on the easychair purposely when I took off only my
blouse and skirt first in the other room he was so busy where he oughtnt to be
he never felt me I hope my breath was sweet after those kissing comfits easy
God I remember one time I could scout it out straight whistling like a man
almost easy O Lord how noisy I hope theyre bubbles on it for a wad of money
from some fellow Ill have to perfume it in the morning dont forget I bet he
never saw a better pair of thighs than that look how white they are the
smoothest place is right there between this bit here how soft like a peach easy
God I wouldnt mind being a man and get up on a lovely woman O Lord what a row
youre making like the jersey lily easy easy O how the waters come down at
Lahore</p>
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<p>who knows is there anything the matter with my insides or have I something
growing in me getting that thing like that every week when was it last I Whit
Monday yes its only about 3 weeks I ought to go to the doctor only it would be
like before I married him when I had that white thing coming from me and Floey
made me go to that dry old stick Dr Collins for womens diseases on Pembroke
road your vagina he called it I suppose thats how he got all the gilt mirrors
and carpets getting round those rich ones off Stephens green running up to him
for every little fiddlefaddle her vagina and her cochinchina theyve money of
course so theyre all right I wouldnt marry him not if he was the last man in
the world besides theres something queer about their children always smelling
around those filthy bitches all sides asking me if what I did had an offensive
odour what did he want me to do but the one thing gold maybe what a question if
I smathered it all over his wrinkly old face for him with all my compriments I
suppose hed know then and could you pass it easily pass what I thought he was
talking about the rock of Gibraltar the way he put it thats a very nice
invention too by the way only I like letting myself down after in the hole as
far as I can squeeze and pull the chain then to flush it nice cool pins and
needles still theres something in it I suppose I always used to know by Millys
when she was a child whether she had worms or not still all the same paying him
for that how much is that doctor one guinea please and asking me had I frequent
omissions where do those old fellows get all the words they have omissions with
his shortsighted eyes on me cocked sideways I wouldnt trust him too far to give
me chloroform or God knows what else still I liked him when he sat down to
write the thing out frowning so severe his nose intelligent like that you be
damned you lying strap O anything no matter who except an idiot he was clever
enough to spot that of course that was all thinking of him and his mad crazy
letters my Precious one everything connected with your glorious Body everything
underlined that comes from it is a thing of beauty and of joy for ever
something he got out of some nonsensical book that he had me always at myself 4
and 5 times a day sometimes and I said I hadnt are you sure O yes I said I am
quite sure in a way that shut him up I knew what was coming next only natural
weakness it was he excited me I dont know how the first night ever we met when
I was living in Rehoboth terrace we stood staring at one another for about 10
minutes as if we met somewhere I suppose on account of my being jewess looking
after my mother he used to amuse me the things he said with the half
sloothering smile on him and all the Doyles said he was going to stand for a
member of Parliament O wasnt I the born fool to believe all his blather about
home rule and the land league sending me that long strool of a song out of the
Huguenots to sing in French to be more classy O beau pays de la Touraine that I
never even sang once explaining and rigmaroling about religion and persecution
he wont let you enjoy anything naturally then might he as a great favour the
very 1st opportunity he got a chance in Brighton square running into my bedroom
pretending the ink got on his hands to wash it off with the Albion milk and
sulphur soap I used to use and the gelatine still round it O I laughed myself
sick at him that day I better not make an alnight sitting on this affair they
ought to make chambers a natural size so that a woman could sit on it properly
he kneels down to do it I suppose there isnt in all creation another man with
the habits he has look at the way hes sleeping at the foot of the bed how can
he without a hard bolster its well he doesnt kick or he might knock out all my
teeth breathing with his hand on his nose like that Indian god he took me to
show one wet Sunday in the museum in Kildare street all yellow in a pinafore
lying on his side on his hand with his ten toes sticking out that he said was a
bigger religion than the jews and Our Lords both put together all over Asia
imitating him as hes always imitating everybody I suppose he used to sleep at
the foot of the bed too with his big square feet up in his wifes mouth damn
this stinking thing anyway wheres this those napkins are ah yes I know I hope
the old press doesnt creak ah I knew it would hes sleeping hard had a good time
somewhere still she must have given him great value for his money of course he
has to pay for it from her O this nuisance of a thing I hope theyll have
something better for us in the other world tying ourselves up God help us thats
all right for tonight now the lumpy old jingly bed always reminds me of old
Cohen I suppose he scratched himself in it often enough and he thinks father
bought it from Lord Napier that I used to admire when I was a little girl
because I told him easy piano O I like my bed God here we are as bad as ever
after 16 years how many houses were we in at all Raymond terrace and Ontario
terrace and Lombard street and Holles street and he goes about whistling every
time were on the run again his huguenots or the frogs march pretending to help
the men with our 4 sticks of furniture and then the City Arms hotel worse and
worse says Warden Daly that charming place on the landing always somebody
inside praying then leaving all their stinks after them always know who was in
there last every time were just getting on right something happens or he puts
his big foot in it Thoms and Helys and Mr Cuffes and Drimmies either hes going
to be run into prison over his old lottery tickets that was to be all our
salvations or he goes and gives impudence well have him coming home with the
sack soon out of the Freeman too like the rest on account of those Sinner Fein
or the freemasons then well see if the little man he showed me dribbling along
in the wet all by himself round by Coadys lane will give him much consolation
that he says is so capable and sincerely Irish he is indeed judging by the
sincerity of the trousers I saw on him wait theres Georges church bells wait 3
quarters the hour wait two oclock well thats a nice hour of the night for him
to be coming home at to anybody climbing down into the area if anybody saw him
Ill knock him off that little habit tomorrow first Ill look at his shirt to see
or Ill see if he has that French letter still in his pocketbook I suppose he
thinks I dont know deceitful men all their 20 pockets arent enough for their
lies then why should we tell them even if its the truth they dont believe you
then tucked up in bed like those babies in the Aristocrats Masterpiece he
brought me another time as if we hadnt enough of that in real life without some
old Aristocrat or whatever his name is disgusting you more with those rotten
pictures children with two heads and no legs thats the kind of villainy theyre
always dreaming about with not another thing in their empty heads they ought to
get slow poison the half of them then tea and toast for him buttered on both
sides and newlaid eggs I suppose Im nothing any more when I wouldnt let him
lick me in Holles street one night man man tyrant as ever for the one thing he
slept on the floor half the night naked the way the jews used when somebody
dies belonged to them and wouldnt eat any breakfast or speak a word wanting to
be petted so I thought I stood out enough for one time and let him he does it
all wrong too thinking only of his own pleasure his tongue is too flat or I
dont know what he forgets that wethen I dont Ill make him do it again if he
doesnt mind himself and lock him down to sleep in the coalcellar with the
blackbeetles I wonder was it her Josie off her head with my castoffs hes such a
born liar too no hed never have the courage with a married woman thats why he
wants me and Boylan though as for her Denis as she calls him that
forlornlooking spectacle you couldnt call him a husband yes its some little
bitch hes got in with even when I was with him with Milly at the College races
that Hornblower with the childs bonnet on the top of his nob let us into by the
back way he was throwing his sheeps eyes at those two doing skirt duty up and
down I tried to wink at him first no use of course and thats the way his money
goes this is the fruits of Mr Paddy Dignam yes they were all in great style at
the grand funeral in the paper Boylan brought in if they saw a real officers
funeral thatd be something reversed arms muffled drums the poor horse walking
behind in black L Boom and Tom Kernan that drunken little barrelly man that bit
his tongue off falling down the mens W C drunk in some place or other and
Martin Cunningham and the two Dedaluses and Fanny MCoys husband white head of
cabbage skinny thing with a turn in her eye trying to sing my songs shed want
to be born all over again and her old green dress with the lowneck as she cant
attract them any other way like dabbling on a rainy day I see it all now
plainly and they call that friendship killing and then burying one another and
they all with their wives and families at home more especially Jack Power
keeping that barmaid he does of course his wife is always sick or going to be
sick or just getting better of it and hes a goodlooking man still though hes
getting a bit grey over the ears theyre a nice lot all of them well theyre not
going to get my husband again into their clutches if I can help it making fun
of him then behind his back I know well when he goes on with his idiotics
because he has sense enough not to squander every penny piece he earns down
their gullets and looks after his wife and family goodfornothings poor Paddy
Dignam all the same Im sorry in a way for him what are his wife and 5 children
going to do unless he was insured comical little teetotum always stuck up in
some pub corner and her or her son waiting Bill Bailey wont you please come
home her widows weeds wont improve her appearance theyre awfully becoming
though if youre goodlooking what men wasnt he yes he was at the Glencree dinner
and Ben Dollard base barreltone the night he borrowed the swallowtail to sing
out of in Holles street squeezed and squashed into them and grinning all over
his big Dolly face like a wellwhipped childs botty didnt he look a balmy
ballocks sure enough that must have been a spectacle on the stage imagine
paying 5/- in the preserved seats for that to see him trotting off in his
trowlers and Simon Dedalus too he was always turning up half screwed singing
the second verse first the old love is the new was one of his so sweetly sang
the maiden on the hawthorn bough he was always on for flirtyfying too when I
sang Maritana with him at Freddy Mayers private opera he had a delicious
glorious voice Phoebe dearest goodbye sweetheart <em>sweet</em>heart he always
sang it not like Bartell DArcy sweet <em>tart</em> goodbye of course he had the
gift of the voice so there was no art in it all over you like a warm showerbath
O Maritana wildwood flower we sang splendidly though it was a bit too high for
my register even transposed and he was married at the time to May Goulding but
then hed say or do something to knock the good out of it hes a widower now I
wonder what sort is his son he says hes an author and going to be a university
professor of Italian and Im to take lessons what is he driving at now showing
him my photo its not good of me I ought to have got it taken in drapery that
never looks out of fashion still I look young in it I wonder he didnt make him
a present of it altogether and me too after all why not I saw him driving down
to the Kingsbridge station with his father and mother I was in mourning thats
11 years ago now yes hed be 11 though what was the good in going into mourning
for what was neither one thing nor the other the first cry was enough for me I
heard the deathwatch too ticking in the wall of course he insisted hed go into
mourning for the cat I suppose hes a man now by this time he was an innocent
boy then and a darling little fellow in his lord Fauntleroy suit and curly hair
like a prince on the stage when I saw him at Mat Dillons he liked me too I
remember they all do wait by God yes wait yes hold on he was on the cards this
morning when I laid out the deck union with a young stranger neither dark nor
fair you met before I thought it meant him but hes no chicken nor a stranger
either besides my face was turned the other way what was the 7th card after
that the 10 of spades for a journey by land then there was a letter on its way
and scandals too the 3 queens and the 8 of diamonds for a rise in society yes
wait it all came out and 2 red 8s for new garments look at that and didnt I
dream something too yes there was something about poetry in it I hope he hasnt
long greasy hair hanging into his eyes or standing up like a red Indian what do
they go about like that for only getting themselves and their poetry laughed at
I always liked poetry when I was a girl first I thought he was a poet like lord
Byron and not an ounce of it in his composition I thought he was quite
different I wonder is he too young hes about wait 88 I was married 88 Milly is
15 yesterday 89 what age was he then at Dillons 5 or 6 about 88 I suppose hes
20 or more Im not too old for him if hes 23 or 24 I hope hes not that stuckup
university student sort no otherwise he wouldnt go sitting down in the old
kitchen with him taking Eppss cocoa and talking of course he pretended to
understand it all probably he told him he was out of Trinity college hes very
young to be a professor I hope hes not a professor like Goodwin was he was a
potent professor of John Jameson they all write about some woman in their
poetry well I suppose he wont find many like me where softly sighs of love the
light guitar where poetry is in the air the blue sea and the moon shining so
beautifully coming back on the nightboat from Tarifa the lighthouse at Europa
point the guitar that fellow played was so expressive will I ever go back there
again all new faces two glancing eyes a lattice hid Ill sing that for him
theyre my eyes if hes anything of a poet two eyes as darkly bright as loves own
star arent those beautiful words as loves young star itll be a change the Lord
knows to have an intelligent person to talk to about yourself not always
listening to him and Billy Prescotts ad and Keyess ad and Tom the Devils ad
then if anything goes wrong in their business we have to suffer Im sure hes
very distinguished Id like to meet a man like that God not those other ruck
besides hes young those fine young men I could see down in Margate strand
bathingplace from the side of the rock standing up in the sun naked like a God
or something and then plunging into the sea with them why arent all men like
that thered be some consolation for a woman like that lovely little statue he
bought I could look at him all day long curly head and his shoulders his finger
up for you to listen theres real beauty and poetry for you I often felt I
wanted to kiss him all over also his lovely young cock there so simple I
wouldnt mind taking him in my mouth if nobody was looking as if it was asking
you to suck it so clean and white he looks with his boyish face I would too in
1/2 a minute even if some of it went down what its only like gruel or the dew
theres no danger besides hed be so clean compared with those pigs of men I
suppose never dream of washing it from 1 years end to the other the most of
them only thats what gives the women the moustaches Im sure itll be grand if I
can only get in with a handsome young poet at my age Ill throw them the 1st
thing in the morning till I see if the wishcard comes out or Ill try pairing
the lady herself and see if he comes out Ill read and study all I can find or
learn a bit off by heart if I knew who he likes so he wont think me stupid if
he thinks all women are the same and I can teach him the other part Ill make
him feel all over him till he half faints under me then hell write about me
lover and mistress publicly too with our 2 photographs in all the papers when
he becomes famous O but then what am I going to do about him though</p>
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<p>no thats no way for him has he no manners nor no refinement nor no nothing in
his nature slapping us behind like that on my bottom because I didnt call him
Hugh the ignoramus that doesnt know poetry from a cabbage thats what you get
for not keeping them in their proper place pulling off his shoes and trousers
there on the chair before me so barefaced without even asking permission and
standing out that vulgar way in the half of a shirt they wear to be admired
like a priest or a butcher or those old hypocrites in the time of Julius Caesar
of course hes right enough in his way to pass the time as a joke sure you might
as well be in bed with what with a lion God Im sure hed have something better
to say for himself an old Lion would O well I suppose its because they were so
plump and tempting in my short petticoat he couldnt resist they excite myself
sometimes its well for men all the amount of pleasure they get off a womans
body were so round and white for them always I wished I was one myself for a
change just to try with that thing they have swelling up on you so hard and at
the same time so soft when you touch it my uncle John has a thing long I heard
those cornerboys saying passing the comer of Marrowbone lane my aunt Mary has a
thing hairy because it was dark and they knew a girl was passing it didnt make
me blush why should it either its only nature and he puts his thing long into
my aunt Marys hairy etcetera and turns out to be you put the handle in a
sweepingbrush men again all over they can pick and choose what they please a
married woman or a fast widow or a girl for their different tastes like those
houses round behind Irish street no but were to be always chained up theyre not
going to be chaining me up no damn fear once I start I tell you for their
stupid husbands jealousy why cant we all remain friends over it instead of
quarrelling her husband found it out what they did together well naturally and
if he did can he undo it hes coronado anyway whatever he does and then he going
to the other mad extreme about the wife in Fair Tyrants of course the man never
even casts a 2nd thought on the husband or wife either its the woman he wants
and he gets her what else were we given all those desires for Id like to know I
cant help it if Im young still can I its a wonder Im not an old shrivelled hag
before my time living with him so cold never embracing me except sometimes when
hes asleep the wrong end of me not knowing I suppose who he has any man thatd
kiss a womans bottom Id throw my hat at him after that hed kiss anything
unnatural where we havent 1 atom of any kind of expression in us all of us the
same 2 lumps of lard before ever Id do that to a man pfooh the dirty brutes the
mere thought is enough I kiss the feet of you senorita theres some sense in
that didnt he kiss our halldoor yes he did what a madman nobody understands his
cracked ideas but me still of course a woman wants to be embraced 20 times a
day almost to make her look young no matter by who so long as to be in love or
loved by somebody if the fellow you want isnt there sometimes by the Lord God I
was thinking would I go around by the quays there some dark evening where
nobodyd know me and pick up a sailor off the sea thatd be hot on for it and not
care a pin whose I was only do it off up in a gate somewhere or one of those
wildlooking gipsies in Rathfarnham had their camp pitched near the Bloomfield
laundry to try and steal our things if they could I only sent mine there a few
times for the name model laundry sending me back over and over some old ones
odd stockings that blackguardlooking fellow with the fine eyes peeling a switch
attack me in the dark and ride me up against the wall without a word or a
murderer anybody what they do themselves the fine gentlemen in their silk hats
that K C lives up somewhere this way coming out of Hardwicke lane the night he
gave us the fish supper on account of winning over the boxing match of course
it was for me he gave it I knew him by his gaiters and the walk and when I
turned round a minute after just to see there was a woman after coming out of
it too some filthy prostitute then he goes home to his wife after that only I
suppose the half of those sailors are rotten again with disease O move over
your big carcass out of that for the love of Mike listen to him the winds that
waft my sighs to thee so well he may sleep and sigh the great Suggester Don
Poldo de la Flora if he knew how he came out on the cards this morning hed have
something to sigh for a dark man in some perplexity between 2 7s too in prison
for Lord knows what he does that I dont know and Im to be slooching around down
in the kitchen to get his lordship his breakfast while hes rolled up like a
mummy will I indeed did you ever see me running Id just like to see myself at
it show them attention and they treat you like dirt I dont care what anybody
says itd be much better for the world to be governed by the women in it you
wouldnt see women going and killing one another and slaughtering when do you
ever see women rolling around drunk like they do or gambling every penny they
have and losing it on horses yes because a woman whatever she does she knows
where to stop sure they wouldnt be in the world at all only for us they dont
know what it is to be a woman and a mother how could they where would they all
of them be if they hadnt all a mother to look after them what I never had thats
why I suppose hes running wild now out at night away from his books and studies
and not living at home on account of the usual rowy house I suppose well its a
poor case that those that have a fine son like that theyre not satisfied and I
none was he not able to make one it wasnt my fault we came together when I was
watching the two dogs up in her behind in the middle of the naked street that
disheartened me altogether I suppose I oughtnt to have buried him in that
little woolly jacket I knitted crying as I was but give it to some poor child
but I knew well Id never have another our 1st death too it was we were never
the same since O Im not going to think myself into the glooms about that any
more I wonder why he wouldnt stay the night I felt all the time it was somebody
strange he brought in instead of roving around the city meeting God knows who
nightwalkers and pickpockets his poor mother wouldnt like that if she was alive
ruining himself for life perhaps still its a lovely hour so silent I used to
love coming home after dances the air of the night they have friends they can
talk to weve none either he wants what he wont get or its some woman ready to
stick her knife in you I hate that in women no wonder they treat us the way
they do we are a dreadful lot of bitches I suppose its all the troubles we have
makes us so snappy Im not like that he could easy have slept in there on the
sofa in the other room I suppose he was as shy as a boy he being so young
hardly 20 of me in the next room hed have heard me on the chamber arrah what
harm Dedalus I wonder its like those names in Gibraltar Delapaz Delagracia they
had the devils queer names there father Vilaplana of Santa Maria that gave me
the rosary Rosales y OReilly in the Calle las Siete Revueltas and Pisimbo and
Mrs Opisso in Governor street O what a name Id go and drown myself in the first
river if I had a name like her O my and all the bits of streets Paradise ramp
and Bedlam ramp and Rodgers ramp and Crutchetts ramp and the devils gap steps
well small blame to me if I am a harumscarum I know I am a bit I declare to God
I dont feel a day older than then I wonder could I get my tongue round any of
the Spanish como esta usted muy bien gracias y usted see I havent forgotten it
all I thought I had only for the grammar a noun is the name of any person place
or thing pity I never tried to read that novel cantankerous Mrs Rubio lent me
by Valera with the questions in it all upside down the two ways I always knew
wed go away in the end I can tell him the Spanish and he tell me the Italian
then hell see Im not so ignorant what a pity he didnt stay Im sure the poor
fellow was dead tired and wanted a good sleep badly I could have brought him in
his breakfast in bed with a bit of toast so long as I didnt do it on the knife
for bad luck or if the woman was going her rounds with the watercress and
something nice and tasty there are a few olives in the kitchen he might like I
never could bear the look of them in Abrines I could do the criada the room
looks all right since I changed it the other way you see something was telling
me all the time Id have to introduce myself not knowing me from Adam very funny
wouldnt it Im his wife or pretend we were in Spain with him half awake without
a Gods notion where he is dos huevos estrellados senor Lord the cracked things
come into my head sometimes itd be great fun supposing he stayed with us why
not theres the room upstairs empty and Millys bed in the back room he could do
his writing and studies at the table in there for all the scribbling he does at
it and if he wants to read in bed in the morning like me as hes making the
breakfast for 1 he can make it for 2 Im sure Im not going to take in lodgers
off the street for him if he takes a gesabo of a house like this Id love to
have a long talk with an intelligent welleducated person Id have to get a nice
pair of red slippers like those Turks with the fez used to sell or yellow and a
nice semitransparent morning gown that I badly want or a peachblossom dressing
jacket like the one long ago in Walpoles only 8/6 or 18/6 Ill just give him one
more chance Ill get up early in the morning Im sick of Cohens old bed in any
case I might go over to the markets to see all the vegetables and cabbages and
tomatoes and carrots and all kinds of splendid fruits all coming in lovely and
fresh who knows whod be the 1st man Id meet theyre out looking for it in the
morning Mamy Dillon used to say they are and the night too that was her
massgoing Id love a big juicy pear now to melt in your mouth like when I used
to be in the longing way then Ill throw him up his eggs and tea in the
moustachecup she gave him to make his mouth bigger I suppose hed like my nice
cream too I know what Ill do Ill go about rather gay not too much singing a bit
now and then mi fa pieta Masetto then Ill start dressing myself to go out
presto non son piu forte Ill put on my best shift and drawers let him have a
good eyeful out of that to make his micky stand for him Ill let him know if
thats what he wanted that his wife is fucked yes and damn well fucked too up to
my neck nearly not by him 5 or 6 times handrunning theres the mark of his spunk
on the clean sheet I wouldnt bother to even iron it out that ought to satisfy
him if you dont believe me feel my belly unless I made him stand there and put
him into me Ive a mind to tell him every scrap and make him do it out in front
of me serve him right its all his own fault if I am an adulteress as the thing
in the gallery said O much about it if thats all the harm ever we did in this
vale of tears God knows its not much doesnt everybody only they hide it I
suppose thats what a woman is supposed to be there for or He wouldnt have made
us the way He did so attractive to men then if he wants to kiss my bottom Ill
drag open my drawers and bulge it right out in his face as large as life he can
stick his tongue 7 miles up my hole as hes there my brown part then Ill tell
him I want £ 1 or perhaps 30/- Ill tell him I want to buy underclothes then if
he gives me that well he wont be too bad I dont want to soak it all out of him
like other women do I could often have written out a fine cheque for myself and
write his name on it for a couple of pounds a few times he forgot to lock it up
besides he wont spend it Ill let him do it off on me behind provided he doesnt
smear all my good drawers O I suppose that cant be helped Ill do the
indifferent 1 or 2 questions Ill know by the answers when hes like that he cant
keep a thing back I know every turn in him Ill tighten my bottom well and let
out a few smutty words smellrump or lick my shit or the first mad thing comes
into my head then Ill suggest about yes O wait now sonny my turn is coming Ill
be quite gay and friendly over it O but I was forgetting this bloody pest of a
thing pfooh you wouldnt know which to laugh or cry were such a mixture of plum
and apple no Ill have to wear the old things so much the better itll be more
pointed hell never know whether he did it or not there thats good enough for
you any old thing at all then Ill wipe him off me just like a business his
omission then Ill go out Ill have him eying up at the ceiling where is she gone
now make him want me thats the only way a quarter after what an unearthly hour
I suppose theyre just getting up in China now combing out their pigtails for
the day well soon have the nuns ringing the angelus theyve nobody coming in to
spoil their sleep except an odd priest or two for his night office or the
alarmclock next door at cockshout clattering the brains out of itself let me
see if I can doze off 1 2 3 4 5 what kind of flowers are those they invented
like the stars the wallpaper in Lombard street was much nicer the apron he gave
me was like that something only I only wore it twice better lower this lamp and
try again so as I can get up early Ill go to Lambes there beside Findlaters and
get them to send us some flowers to put about the place in case he brings him
home tomorrow today I mean no no Fridays an unlucky day first I want to do the
place up someway the dust grows in it I think while Im asleep then we can have
music and cigarettes I can accompany him first I must clean the keys of the
piano with milk whatll I wear shall I wear a white rose or those fairy cakes in
Liptons I love the smell of a rich big shop at 7 1/2d a lb or the other ones
with the cherries in them and the pinky sugar 11d a couple of lbs of those a
nice plant for the middle of the table Id get that cheaper in wait wheres this
I saw them not long ago I love flowers Id love to have the whole place swimming
in roses God of heaven theres nothing like nature the wild mountains then the
sea and the waves rushing then the beautiful country with the fields of oats
and wheat and all kinds of things and all the fine cattle going about that
would do your heart good to see rivers and lakes and flowers all sorts of
shapes and smells and colours springing up even out of the ditches primroses
and violets nature it is as for them saying theres no God I wouldnt give a snap
of my two fingers for all their learning why dont they go and create something
I often asked him atheists or whatever they call themselves go and wash the
cobbles off themselves first then they go howling for the priest and they dying
and why why because theyre afraid of hell on account of their bad conscience ah
yes I know them well who was the first person in the universe before there was
anybody that made it all who ah that they dont know neither do I so there you
are they might as well try to stop the sun from rising tomorrow the sun shines
for you he said the day we were lying among the rhododendrons on Howth head in
the grey tweed suit and his straw hat the day I got him to propose to me yes
first I gave him the bit of seedcake out of my mouth and it was leapyear like
now yes 16 years ago my God after that long kiss I near lost my breath yes he
said I was a flower of the mountain yes so we are flowers all a womans body yes
that was one true thing he said in his life and the sun shines for you today
yes that was why I liked him because I saw he understood or felt what a woman
is and I knew I could always get round him and I gave him all the pleasure I
could leading him on till he asked me to say yes and I wouldnt answer first
only looked out over the sea and the sky I was thinking of so many things he
didnt know of Mulvey and Mr Stanhope and Hester and father and old captain
Groves and the sailors playing all birds fly and I say stoop and washing up
dishes they called it on the pier and the sentry in front of the governors
house with the thing round his white helmet poor devil half roasted and the
Spanish girls laughing in their shawls and their tall combs and the auctions in
the morning the Greeks and the jews and the Arabs and the devil knows who else
from all the ends of Europe and Duke street and the fowl market all clucking
outside Larby Sharons and the poor donkeys slipping half asleep and the vague
fellows in the cloaks asleep in the shade on the steps and the big wheels of
the carts of the bulls and the old castle thousands of years old yes and those
handsome Moors all in white and turbans like kings asking you to sit down in
their little bit of a shop and Ronda with the old windows of the posadas 2
glancing eyes a lattice hid for her lover to kiss the iron and the wineshops
half open at night and the castanets and the night we missed the boat at
Algeciras the watchman going about serene with his lamp and O that awful
deepdown torrent O and the sea the sea crimson sometimes like fire and the
glorious sunsets and the figtrees in the Alameda gardens yes and all the queer
little streets and the pink and blue and yellow houses and the rosegardens and
the jessamine and geraniums and cactuses and Gibraltar as a girl where I was a
Flower of the mountain yes when I put the rose in my hair like the Andalusian
girls used or shall I wear a red yes and how he kissed me under the Moorish
wall and I thought well as well him as another and then I asked him with my
eyes to ask again yes and then he asked me would I yes to say yes my mountain
flower and first I put my arms around him yes and drew him down to me so he
could feel my breasts all perfume yes and his heart was going like mad and yes
I said yes I will Yes.</p>
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<h2 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pg-header-heading" title="">The Project Gutenberg eBook of <span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pg-title-no-subtitle" lang="en">Ulysses</span></h2>
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<p><strong>Title</strong>: Ulysses</p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pg-header-authlist">
<p><strong>Author</strong>: James Joyce</p>
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<p><strong>Release date</strong>: July 1, 2003 [eBook #4300]<br />
Most recently updated: November 27, 2025</p>
<p><strong>Language</strong>: English</p>
<p><strong>Other information and formats</strong>: <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4300">www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4300</a></p>
<p><strong>Credits</strong>: EBook produced by Col Choat.</p>
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<span>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ULYSSES ***</span>
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<div class="fig" style="width:70%;">
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<h1 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pgepubid00000">Ulysses</h1>
<h2 class="no-break">by James Joyce</h2>
<hr />
<h2 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pgepubid00001">Contents</h2>
<table style="margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; text-align: center;" summary="">
<colgroup><col style="width: 100%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_part01" class="pginternal"><span style="font-size: large;"><strong>— I —</strong></span></a><br />
<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_chap01" class="pginternal">[ 1 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html_chap02" class="pginternal">[ 2 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-3.htm.html_chap03" class="pginternal">[ 3 ]</a><br />
<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_part02" class="pginternal"><span style="font-size: large;"><strong>— II —</strong></span></a><br />
<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_chap04" class="pginternal">[ 4 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-5.htm.html_chap05" class="pginternal">[ 5 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-6.htm.html_chap06" class="pginternal">[ 6 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_chap07" class="pginternal">[ 7 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html_chap08" class="pginternal">[ 8 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_chap09" class="pginternal">[ 9 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html_chap10" class="pginternal">[ 10 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-11.htm.html_chap11" class="pginternal">[ 11 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html_chap12" class="pginternal">[ 12 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-14.htm.html_chap13" class="pginternal">[ 13 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-15.htm.html_chap14" class="pginternal">[ 14 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-17.htm.html_chap15" class="pginternal">[ 15 ]</a><br />
<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-21.htm.html_part03" class="pginternal"><span style="font-size: large;"><strong>— III —</strong></span></a><br />
<br />
</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-22.htm.html_chap16" class="pginternal">[ 16 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-24.htm.html_chap17" class="pginternal">[ 17 ]</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html_chap18" class="pginternal">[ 18 ]</a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_pgepubid00002" class="chapter">
<h2><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_part01"></span>— I —</h2>
</div>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_pgepubid00003" class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_chap01"></span>[ 1 ]</h3>
<p>Stately, plump Buck Mulligan came from the stairhead, bearing a bowl of lather on which a mirror and a razor lay crossed. A yellow dressinggown, ungirdled, was sustained gently behind him on the mild morning air. He held the bowl aloft and intoned:</p>
<p>—<em>Introibo ad altare Dei</em>.</p>
<p>Halted, he peered down the dark winding stairs and called out coarsely:</p>
<p>—Come up, Kinch! Come up, you fearful jesuit!</p>
<p>Solemnly he came forward and mounted the round gunrest. He faced about and blessed gravely thrice the tower, the surrounding land and the awaking mountains. Then, catching sight of Stephen Dedalus, he bent towards him and made rapid crosses in the air, gurgling in his throat and shaking his head. Stephen Dedalus, displeased and sleepy, leaned his arms on the top of the staircase and looked coldly at the shaking gurgling face that blessed him, equine in its length, and at the light untonsured hair, grained and hued like pale oak.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan peeped an instant under the mirror and then covered the bowl smartly.</p>
<p>—Back to barracks! he said sternly.</p>
<p>He added in a preacher’s tone:</p>
<p>—For this, O dearly beloved, is the genuine Christine: body and soul and blood and ouns. Slow music, please. Shut your eyes, gents. One moment. A little trouble about those white corpuscles. Silence, all.</p>
<p>He peered sideways up and gave a long slow whistle of call, then paused awhile in rapt attention, his even white teeth glistening here and there with gold points. Chrysostomos. Two strong shrill whistles answered through the calm.</p>
<p>—Thanks, old chap, he cried briskly. That will do nicely. Switch off the current, will you?</p>
<p>He skipped off the gunrest and looked gravely at his watcher, gathering about his legs the loose folds of his gown. The plump shadowed face and sullen oval jowl recalled a prelate, patron of arts in the middle ages. A pleasant smile broke quietly over his lips.</p>
<p>—The mockery of it! he said gaily. Your absurd name, an ancient Greek!</p>
<p>He pointed his finger in friendly jest and went over to the parapet, laughing to himself. Stephen Dedalus stepped up, followed him wearily halfway and sat down on the edge of the gunrest, watching him still as he propped his mirror on the parapet, dipped the brush in the bowl and lathered cheeks and neck.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s gay voice went on.</p>
<p>—My name is absurd too: Malachi Mulligan, two dactyls. But it has a Hellenic ring, hasn’t it? Tripping and sunny like the buck himself. We must go to Athens. Will you come if I can get the aunt to fork out twenty quid?</p>
<p>He laid the brush aside and, laughing with delight, cried:</p>
<p>—Will he come? The jejune jesuit!</p>
<p>Ceasing, he began to shave with care.</p>
<p>—Tell me, Mulligan, Stephen said quietly.</p>
<p>—Yes, my love?</p>
<p>—How long is Haines going to stay in this tower?</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan showed a shaven cheek over his right shoulder.</p>
<p>—God, isn’t he dreadful? he said frankly. A ponderous Saxon. He thinks you’re not a gentleman. God, these bloody English! Bursting with money and indigestion. Because he comes from Oxford. You know, Dedalus, you have the real Oxford manner. He can’t make you out. O, my name for you is the best: Kinch, the knife-blade.</p>
<p>He shaved warily over his chin.</p>
<p>—He was raving all night about a black panther, Stephen said. Where is his guncase?</p>
<p>—A woful lunatic! Mulligan said. Were you in a funk?</p>
<p>—I was, Stephen said with energy and growing fear. Out here in the dark with a man I don’t know raving and moaning to himself about shooting a black panther. You saved men from drowning. I’m not a hero, however. If he stays on here I am off.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan frowned at the lather on his razorblade. He hopped down from his perch and began to search his trouser pockets hastily.</p>
<p>—Scutter! he cried thickly.</p>
<p>He came over to the gunrest and, thrusting a hand into Stephen’s upper pocket, said:</p>
<p>—Lend us a loan of your noserag to wipe my razor.</p>
<p>Stephen suffered him to pull out and hold up on show by its corner a dirty crumpled handkerchief. Buck Mulligan wiped the razorblade neatly. Then, gazing over the handkerchief, he said:</p>
<p>—The bard’s noserag! A new art colour for our Irish poets: snotgreen. You can almost taste it, can’t you?</p>
<p>He mounted to the parapet again and gazed out over Dublin bay, his fair oakpale hair stirring slightly.</p>
<p>—God! he said quietly. Isn’t the sea what Algy calls it: a great sweet mother? The snotgreen sea. The scrotumtightening sea. <em>Epi oinopa ponton</em>. Ah, Dedalus, the Greeks! I must teach you. You must read them in the original. <em>Thalatta! Thalatta!</em> She is our great sweet mother. Come and look.</p>
<p>Stephen stood up and went over to the parapet. Leaning on it he looked down on the water and on the mailboat clearing the harbourmouth of Kingstown.</p>
<p>—Our mighty mother! Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>He turned abruptly his grey searching eyes from the sea to Stephen’s face.</p>
<p>—The aunt thinks you killed your mother, he said. That’s why she won’t let me have anything to do with you.</p>
<p>—Someone killed her, Stephen said gloomily.</p>
<p>—You could have knelt down, damn it, Kinch, when your dying mother asked you, Buck Mulligan said. I’m hyperborean as much as you. But to think of your mother begging you with her last breath to kneel down and pray for her. And you refused. There is something sinister in you....</p>
<p>He broke off and lathered again lightly his farther cheek. A tolerant smile curled his lips.</p>
<p>—But a lovely mummer! he murmured to himself. Kinch, the loveliest mummer of them all!</p>
<p>He shaved evenly and with care, in silence, seriously.</p>
<p>Stephen, an elbow rested on the jagged granite, leaned his palm against his brow and gazed at the fraying edge of his shiny black coat-sleeve. Pain, that was not yet the pain of love, fretted his heart. Silently, in a dream she had come to him after her death, her wasted body within its loose brown graveclothes giving off an odour of wax and rosewood, her breath, that had bent upon him, mute, reproachful, a faint odour of wetted ashes. Across the threadbare cuffedge he saw the sea hailed as a great sweet mother by the wellfed voice beside him. The ring of bay and skyline held a dull green mass of liquid. A bowl of white china had stood beside her deathbed holding the green sluggish bile which she had torn up from her rotting liver by fits of loud groaning vomiting.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan wiped again his razorblade.</p>
<p>—Ah, poor dogsbody! he said in a kind voice. I must give you a shirt and a few noserags. How are the secondhand breeks?</p>
<p>—They fit well enough, Stephen answered.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan attacked the hollow beneath his underlip.</p>
<p>—The mockery of it, he said contentedly. Secondleg they should be. God knows what poxy bowsy left them off. I have a lovely pair with a hair stripe, grey. You’ll look spiffing in them. I’m not joking, Kinch. You look damn well when you’re dressed.</p>
<p>—Thanks, Stephen said. I can’t wear them if they are grey.</p>
<p>—He can’t wear them, Buck Mulligan told his face in the mirror. Etiquette is etiquette. He kills his mother but he can’t wear grey trousers.</p>
<p>He folded his razor neatly and with stroking palps of fingers felt the smooth skin.</p>
<p>Stephen turned his gaze from the sea and to the plump face with its smokeblue mobile eyes.</p>
<p>—That fellow I was with in the Ship last night, said Buck Mulligan, says you have g. p. i. He’s up in Dottyville with Connolly Norman. General paralysis of the insane!</p>
<p>He swept the mirror a half circle in the air to flash the tidings abroad in sunlight now radiant on the sea. His curling shaven lips laughed and the edges of his white glittering teeth. Laughter seized all his strong wellknit trunk.</p>
<p>—Look at yourself, he said, you dreadful bard!</p>
<p>Stephen bent forward and peered at the mirror held out to him, cleft by a crooked crack. Hair on end. As he and others see me. Who chose this face for me? This dogsbody to rid of vermin. It asks me too.</p>
<p>—I pinched it out of the skivvy’s room, Buck Mulligan said. It does her all right. The aunt always keeps plainlooking servants for Malachi. Lead him not into temptation. And her name is Ursula.</p>
<p>Laughing again, he brought the mirror away from Stephen’s peering eyes.</p>
<p>—The rage of Caliban at not seeing his face in a mirror, he said. If Wilde were only alive to see you!</p>
<p>Drawing back and pointing, Stephen said with bitterness:</p>
<p>—It is a symbol of Irish art. The cracked lookingglass of a servant.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan suddenly linked his arm in Stephen’s and walked with him round the tower, his razor and mirror clacking in the pocket where he had thrust them.</p>
<p>—It’s not fair to tease you like that, Kinch, is it? he said kindly. God knows you have more spirit than any of them.</p>
<p>Parried again. He fears the lancet of my art as I fear that of his. The cold steel pen.</p>
<p>—Cracked lookingglass of a servant! Tell that to the oxy chap downstairs and touch him for a guinea. He’s stinking with money and thinks you’re not a gentleman. His old fellow made his tin by selling jalap to Zulus or some bloody swindle or other. God, Kinch, if you and I could only work together we might do something for the island. Hellenise it.</p>
<p>Cranly’s arm. His arm.</p>
<p>—And to think of your having to beg from these swine. I’m the only one that knows what you are. Why don’t you trust me more? What have you up your nose against me? Is it Haines? If he makes any noise here I’ll bring down Seymour and we’ll give him a ragging worse than they gave Clive Kempthorpe.</p>
<p>Young shouts of moneyed voices in Clive Kempthorpe’s rooms. Palefaces: they hold their ribs with laughter, one clasping another. O, I shall expire! Break the news to her gently, Aubrey! I shall die! With slit ribbons of his shirt whipping the air he hops and hobbles round the table, with trousers down at heels, chased by Ades of Magdalen with the tailor’s shears. A scared calf’s face gilded with marmalade. I don’t want to be debagged! Don’t you play the giddy ox with me!</p>
<p>Shouts from the open window startling evening in the quadrangle. A deaf gardener, aproned, masked with Matthew Arnold’s face, pushes his mower on the sombre lawn watching narrowly the dancing motes of grasshalms.</p>
<p>To ourselves... new paganism... omphalos.</p>
<p>—Let him stay, Stephen said. There’s nothing wrong with him except at night.</p>
<p>—Then what is it? Buck Mulligan asked impatiently. Cough it up. I’m quite frank with you. What have you against me now?</p>
<p>They halted, looking towards the blunt cape of Bray Head that lay on the water like the snout of a sleeping whale. Stephen freed his arm quietly.</p>
<p>—Do you wish me to tell you? he asked.</p>
<p>—Yes, what is it? Buck Mulligan answered. I don’t remember anything.</p>
<p>He looked in Stephen’s face as he spoke. A light wind passed his brow, fanning softly his fair uncombed hair and stirring silver points of anxiety in his eyes.</p>
<p>Stephen, depressed by his own voice, said:</p>
<p>—Do you remember the first day I went to your house after my mother’s death?</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan frowned quickly and said:</p>
<p>—What? Where? I can’t remember anything. I remember only ideas and sensations. Why? What happened in the name of God?</p>
<p>—You were making tea, Stephen said, and went across the landing to get more hot water. Your mother and some visitor came out of the drawingroom. She asked you who was in your room.</p>
<p>—Yes? Buck Mulligan said. What did I say? I forget.</p>
<p>—You said, Stephen answered, <em>O, it’s only Dedalus whose mother is beastly dead.</em></p>
<p>A flush which made him seem younger and more engaging rose to Buck Mulligan’s cheek.</p>
<p>—Did I say that? he asked. Well? What harm is that?</p>
<p>He shook his constraint from him nervously.</p>
<p>—And what is death, he asked, your mother’s or yours or my own? You saw only your mother die. I see them pop off every day in the Mater and Richmond and cut up into tripes in the dissectingroom. It’s a beastly thing and nothing else. It simply doesn’t matter. You wouldn’t kneel down to pray for your mother on her deathbed when she asked you. Why? Because you have the cursed jesuit strain in you, only it’s injected the wrong way. To me it’s all a mockery and beastly. Her cerebral lobes are not functioning. She calls the doctor sir Peter Teazle and picks buttercups off the quilt. Humour her till it’s over. You crossed her last wish in death and yet you sulk with me because I don’t whinge like some hired mute from Lalouette’s. Absurd! I suppose I did say it. I didn’t mean to offend the memory of your mother.</p>
<p>He had spoken himself into boldness. Stephen, shielding the gaping wounds which the words had left in his heart, said very coldly:</p>
<p>—I am not thinking of the offence to my mother.</p>
<p>—Of what then? Buck Mulligan asked.</p>
<p>—Of the offence to me, Stephen answered.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan swung round on his heel.</p>
<p>—O, an impossible person! he exclaimed.</p>
<p>He walked off quickly round the parapet. Stephen stood at his post, gazing over the calm sea towards the headland. Sea and headland now grew dim. Pulses were beating in his eyes, veiling their sight, and he felt the fever of his cheeks.</p>
<p>A voice within the tower called loudly:</p>
<p>—Are you up there, Mulligan?</p>
<p>—I’m coming, Buck Mulligan answered.</p>
<p>He turned towards Stephen and said:</p>
<p>—Look at the sea. What does it care about offences? Chuck Loyola, Kinch, and come on down. The Sassenach wants his morning rashers.</p>
<p>His head halted again for a moment at the top of the staircase, level with the roof:</p>
<p>—Don’t mope over it all day, he said. I’m inconsequent. Give up the moody brooding.</p>
<p>His head vanished but the drone of his descending voice boomed out of the stairhead:</p>
<p>And no more turn aside and brood<br />
Upon love’s bitter mystery<br />
For Fergus rules the brazen cars.</p>
<p>Woodshadows floated silently by through the morning peace from the stairhead seaward where he gazed. Inshore and farther out the mirror of water whitened, spurned by lightshod hurrying feet. White breast of the dim sea. The twining stresses, two by two. A hand plucking the harpstrings, merging their twining chords. Wavewhite wedded words shimmering on the dim tide.</p>
<p>A cloud began to cover the sun slowly, wholly, shadowing the bay in deeper green. It lay beneath him, a bowl of bitter waters. Fergus’ song: I sang it alone in the house, holding down the long dark chords. Her door was open: she wanted to hear my music. Silent with awe and pity I went to her bedside. She was crying in her wretched bed. For those words, Stephen: love’s bitter mystery.</p>
<p>Where now?</p>
<p>Her secrets: old featherfans, tasselled dancecards, powdered with musk, a gaud of amber beads in her locked drawer. A birdcage hung in the sunny window of her house when she was a girl. She heard old Royce sing in the pantomime of Turko the Terrible and laughed with others when he sang:</p>
<p>I am the boy<br />
That can enjoy<br />
Invisibility.</p>
<p>Phantasmal mirth, folded away: muskperfumed.</p>
<p>And no more turn aside and brood.</p>
<p>Folded away in the memory of nature with her toys. Memories beset his brooding brain. Her glass of water from the kitchen tap when she had approached the sacrament. A cored apple, filled with brown sugar, roasting for her at the hob on a dark autumn evening. Her shapely fingernails reddened by the blood of squashed lice from the children’s shirts.</p>
<p>In a dream, silently, she had come to him, her wasted body within its loose graveclothes giving off an odour of wax and rosewood, her breath, bent over him with mute secret words, a faint odour of wetted ashes.</p>
<p>Her glazing eyes, staring out of death, to shake and bend my soul. On me alone. The ghostcandle to light her agony. Ghostly light on the tortured face. Her hoarse loud breath rattling in horror, while all prayed on their knees. Her eyes on me to strike me down. <em>Liliata rutilantium te confessorum turma circumdet: iubilantium te virginum chorus excipiat.</em></p>
<p>Ghoul! Chewer of corpses!</p>
<p>No, mother! Let me be and let me live.</p>
<p>—Kinch ahoy!</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s voice sang from within the tower. It came nearer up the staircase, calling again. Stephen, still trembling at his soul’s cry, heard warm running sunlight and in the air behind him friendly words.</p>
<p>—Dedalus, come down, like a good mosey. Breakfast is ready. Haines is apologising for waking us last night. It’s all right.</p>
<p>—I’m coming, Stephen said, turning.</p>
<p>—Do, for Jesus’ sake, Buck Mulligan said. For my sake and for all our sakes.</p>
<p>His head disappeared and reappeared.</p>
<p>—I told him your symbol of Irish art. He says it’s very clever. Touch him for a quid, will you? A guinea, I mean.</p>
<p>—I get paid this morning, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—The school kip? Buck Mulligan said. How much? Four quid? Lend us one.</p>
<p>—If you want it, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—Four shining sovereigns, Buck Mulligan cried with delight. We’ll have a glorious drunk to astonish the druidy druids. Four omnipotent sovereigns.</p>
<p>He flung up his hands and tramped down the stone stairs, singing out of tune with a Cockney accent:</p>
<p>O, won’t we have a merry time,<br />
Drinking whisky, beer and wine!<br />
On coronation,<br />
Coronation day!<br />
O, won’t we have a merry time<br />
On coronation day!</p>
<p>Warm sunshine merrying over the sea. The nickel shavingbowl shone, forgotten, on the parapet. Why should I bring it down? Or leave it there all day, forgotten friendship?</p>
<p>He went over to it, held it in his hands awhile, feeling its coolness, smelling the clammy slaver of the lather in which the brush was stuck. So I carried the boat of incense then at Clongowes. I am another now and yet the same. A servant too. A server of a servant.</p>
<p>In the gloomy domed livingroom of the tower Buck Mulligan’s gowned form moved briskly to and fro about the hearth, hiding and revealing its yellow glow. Two shafts of soft daylight fell across the flagged floor from the high barbacans: and at the meeting of their rays a cloud of coalsmoke and fumes of fried grease floated, turning.</p>
<p>—We’ll be choked, Buck Mulligan said. Haines, open that door, will you?</p>
<p>Stephen laid the shavingbowl on the locker. A tall figure rose from the hammock where it had been sitting, went to the doorway and pulled open the inner doors.</p>
<p>—Have you the key? a voice asked.</p>
<p>—Dedalus has it, Buck Mulligan said. Janey Mack, I’m choked!</p>
<p>He howled, without looking up from the fire:</p>
<p>—Kinch!</p>
<p>—It’s in the lock, Stephen said, coming forward.</p>
<p>The key scraped round harshly twice and, when the heavy door had been set ajar, welcome light and bright air entered. Haines stood at the doorway, looking out. Stephen haled his upended valise to the table and sat down to wait. Buck Mulligan tossed the fry on to the dish beside him. Then he carried the dish and a large teapot over to the table, set them down heavily and sighed with relief.</p>
<p>—I’m melting, he said, as the candle remarked when... But, hush! Not a word more on that subject! Kinch, wake up! Bread, butter, honey. Haines, come in. The grub is ready. Bless us, O Lord, and these thy gifts. Where’s the sugar? O, jay, there’s no milk.</p>
<p>Stephen fetched the loaf and the pot of honey and the buttercooler from the locker. Buck Mulligan sat down in a sudden pet.</p>
<p>—What sort of a kip is this? he said. I told her to come after eight.</p>
<p>—We can drink it black, Stephen said thirstily. There’s a lemon in the locker.</p>
<p>—O, damn you and your Paris fads! Buck Mulligan said. I want Sandycove milk.</p>
<p>Haines came in from the doorway and said quietly:</p>
<p>—That woman is coming up with the milk.</p>
<p>—The blessings of God on you! Buck Mulligan cried, jumping up from his chair. Sit down. Pour out the tea there. The sugar is in the bag. Here, I can’t go fumbling at the damned eggs.</p>
<p>He hacked through the fry on the dish and slapped it out on three plates, saying:</p>
<p>—<em>In nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti.</em></p>
<p>Haines sat down to pour out the tea.</p>
<p>—I’m giving you two lumps each, he said. But, I say, Mulligan, you do make strong tea, don’t you?</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan, hewing thick slices from the loaf, said in an old woman’s wheedling voice:</p>
<p>—When I makes tea I makes tea, as old mother Grogan said. And when I makes water I makes water.</p>
<p>—By Jove, it is tea, Haines said.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan went on hewing and wheedling:</p>
<p>—<em>So I do, Mrs Cahill,</em> says she. <em>Begob, ma’am,</em> says Mrs Cahill, <em>God send you don’t make them in the one pot.</em></p>
<p>He lunged towards his messmates in turn a thick slice of bread, impaled on his knife.</p>
<p>—That’s folk, he said very earnestly, for your book, Haines. Five lines of text and ten pages of notes about the folk and the fishgods of Dundrum. Printed by the weird sisters in the year of the big wind.</p>
<p>He turned to Stephen and asked in a fine puzzled voice, lifting his brows:</p>
<p>—Can you recall, brother, is mother Grogan’s tea and water pot spoken of in the Mabinogion or is it in the Upanishads?</p>
<p>—I doubt it, said Stephen gravely.</p>
<p>—Do you now? Buck Mulligan said in the same tone. Your reasons, pray?</p>
<p>—I fancy, Stephen said as he ate, it did not exist in or out of the Mabinogion. Mother Grogan was, one imagines, a kinswoman of Mary Ann.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s face smiled with delight.</p>
<p>—Charming! he said in a finical sweet voice, showing his white teeth and blinking his eyes pleasantly. Do you think she was? Quite charming!</p>
<p>Then, suddenly overclouding all his features, he growled in a hoarsened rasping voice as he hewed again vigorously at the loaf:</p>
<p><em>—For old Mary Ann<br />
She doesn’t care a damn.<br />
But, hising up her petticoats...</em></p>
<p>He crammed his mouth with fry and munched and droned.</p>
<p>The doorway was darkened by an entering form.</p>
<p>—The milk, sir!</p>
<p>—Come in, ma’am, Mulligan said. Kinch, get the jug.</p>
<p>An old woman came forward and stood by Stephen’s elbow.</p>
<p>—That’s a lovely morning, sir, she said. Glory be to God.</p>
<p>—To whom? Mulligan said, glancing at her. Ah, to be sure!</p>
<p>Stephen reached back and took the milkjug from the locker.</p>
<p>—The islanders, Mulligan said to Haines casually, speak frequently of the collector of prepuces.</p>
<p>—How much, sir? asked the old woman.</p>
<p>—A quart, Stephen said.</p>
<p>He watched her pour into the measure and thence into the jug rich white milk, not hers. Old shrunken paps. She poured again a measureful and a tilly. Old and secret she had entered from a morning world, maybe a messenger. She praised the goodness of the milk, pouring it out. Crouching by a patient cow at daybreak in the lush field, a witch on her toadstool, her wrinkled fingers quick at the squirting dugs. They lowed about her whom they knew, dewsilky cattle. Silk of the kine and poor old woman, names given her in old times. A wandering crone, lowly form of an immortal serving her conqueror and her gay betrayer, their common cuckquean, a messenger from the secret morning. To serve or to upbraid, whether he could not tell: but scorned to beg her favour.</p>
<p>—It is indeed, ma’am, Buck Mulligan said, pouring milk into their cups.</p>
<p>—Taste it, sir, she said.</p>
<p>He drank at her bidding.</p>
<p>—If we could live on good food like that, he said to her somewhat loudly, we wouldn’t have the country full of rotten teeth and rotten guts. Living in a bogswamp, eating cheap food and the streets paved with dust, horsedung and consumptives’ spits.</p>
<p>—Are you a medical student, sir? the old woman asked.</p>
<p>—I am, ma’am, Buck Mulligan answered.</p>
<p>—Look at that now, she said.</p>
<p>Stephen listened in scornful silence. She bows her old head to a voice that speaks to her loudly, her bonesetter, her medicineman: me she slights. To the voice that will shrive and oil for the grave all there is of her but her woman’s unclean loins, of man’s flesh made not in God’s likeness, the serpent’s prey. And to the loud voice that now bids her be silent with wondering unsteady eyes.</p>
<p>—Do you understand what he says? Stephen asked her.</p>
<p>—Is it French you are talking, sir? the old woman said to Haines.</p>
<p>Haines spoke to her again a longer speech, confidently.</p>
<p>—Irish, Buck Mulligan said. Is there Gaelic on you?</p>
<p>—I thought it was Irish, she said, by the sound of it. Are you from the west, sir?</p>
<p>—I am an Englishman, Haines answered.</p>
<p>—He’s English, Buck Mulligan said, and he thinks we ought to speak Irish in Ireland.</p>
<p>—Sure we ought to, the old woman said, and I’m ashamed I don’t speak the language myself. I’m told it’s a grand language by them that knows.</p>
<p>—Grand is no name for it, said Buck Mulligan. Wonderful entirely. Fill us out some more tea, Kinch. Would you like a cup, ma’am?</p>
<p>—No, thank you, sir, the old woman said, slipping the ring of the milkcan on her forearm and about to go.</p>
<p>Haines said to her:</p>
<p>—Have you your bill? We had better pay her, Mulligan, hadn’t we?</p>
<p>Stephen filled again the three cups.</p>
<p>—Bill, sir? she said, halting. Well, it’s seven mornings a pint at twopence is seven twos is a shilling and twopence over and these three mornings a quart at fourpence is three quarts is a shilling. That’s a shilling and one and two is two and two, sir.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan sighed and, having filled his mouth with a crust thickly buttered on both sides, stretched forth his legs and began to search his trouser pockets.</p>
<p>—Pay up and look pleasant, Haines said to him, smiling.</p>
<p>Stephen filled a third cup, a spoonful of tea colouring faintly the thick rich milk. Buck Mulligan brought up a florin, twisted it round in his fingers and cried:</p>
<p>—A miracle!</p>
<p>He passed it along the table towards the old woman, saying:</p>
<p>—Ask nothing more of me, sweet. All I can give you I give.</p>
<p>Stephen laid the coin in her uneager hand.</p>
<p>—We’ll owe twopence, he said.</p>
<p>—Time enough, sir, she said, taking the coin. Time enough. Good morning, sir.</p>
<p>She curtseyed and went out, followed by Buck Mulligan’s tender chant:</p>
<p><em>—Heart of my heart, were it more,<br />
More would be laid at your feet.</em></p>
<p>He turned to Stephen and said:</p>
<p>—Seriously, Dedalus. I’m stony. Hurry out to your school kip and bring us back some money. Today the bards must drink and junket. Ireland expects that every man this day will do his duty.</p>
<p>—That reminds me, Haines said, rising, that I have to visit your national library today.</p>
<p>—Our swim first, Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>He turned to Stephen and asked blandly:</p>
<p>—Is this the day for your monthly wash, Kinch?</p>
<p>Then he said to Haines:</p>
<p>—The unclean bard makes a point of washing once a month.</p>
<p>—All Ireland is washed by the gulfstream, Stephen said as he let honey trickle over a slice of the loaf.</p>
<p>Haines from the corner where he was knotting easily a scarf about the loose collar of his tennis shirt spoke:</p>
<p>—I intend to make a collection of your sayings if you will let me.</p>
<p>Speaking to me. They wash and tub and scrub. Agenbite of inwit. Conscience. Yet here’s a spot.</p>
<p>—That one about the cracked lookingglass of a servant being the symbol of Irish art is deuced good.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan kicked Stephen’s foot under the table and said with warmth of tone:</p>
<p>—Wait till you hear him on Hamlet, Haines.</p>
<p>—Well, I mean it, Haines said, still speaking to Stephen. I was just thinking of it when that poor old creature came in.</p>
<p>—Would I make any money by it? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>Haines laughed and, as he took his soft grey hat from the holdfast of the hammock, said:</p>
<p>—I don’t know, I’m sure.</p>
<p>He strolled out to the doorway. Buck Mulligan bent across to Stephen and said with coarse vigour:</p>
<p>—You put your hoof in it now. What did you say that for?</p>
<p>—Well? Stephen said. The problem is to get money. From whom? From the milkwoman or from him. It’s a toss up, I think.</p>
<p>—I blow him out about you, Buck Mulligan said, and then you come along with your lousy leer and your gloomy jesuit jibes.</p>
<p>—I see little hope, Stephen said, from her or from him.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan sighed tragically and laid his hand on Stephen’s arm.</p>
<p>—From me, Kinch, he said.</p>
<p>In a suddenly changed tone he added:</p>
<p>—To tell you the God’s truth I think you’re right. Damn all else they are good for. Why don’t you play them as I do? To hell with them all. Let us get out of the kip.</p>
<p>He stood up, gravely ungirdled and disrobed himself of his gown, saying resignedly:</p>
<p>—Mulligan is stripped of his garments.</p>
<p>He emptied his pockets on to the table.</p>
<p>—There’s your snotrag, he said.</p>
<p>And putting on his stiff collar and rebellious tie he spoke to them, chiding them, and to his dangling watchchain. His hands plunged and rummaged in his trunk while he called for a clean handkerchief. God, we’ll simply have to dress the character. I want puce gloves and green boots. Contradiction. Do I contradict myself? Very well then, I contradict myself. Mercurial Malachi. A limp black missile flew out of his talking hands.</p>
<p>—And there’s your Latin quarter hat, he said.</p>
<p>Stephen picked it up and put it on. Haines called to them from the doorway:</p>
<p>—Are you coming, you fellows?</p>
<p>—I’m ready, Buck Mulligan answered, going towards the door. Come out, Kinch. You have eaten all we left, I suppose. Resigned he passed out with grave words and gait, saying, wellnigh with sorrow:</p>
<p>—And going forth he met Butterly.</p>
<p>Stephen, taking his ashplant from its leaningplace, followed them out and, as they went down the ladder, pulled to the slow iron door and locked it. He put the huge key in his inner pocket.</p>
<p>At the foot of the ladder Buck Mulligan asked:</p>
<p>—Did you bring the key?</p>
<p>—I have it, Stephen said, preceding them.</p>
<p>He walked on. Behind him he heard Buck Mulligan club with his heavy bathtowel the leader shoots of ferns or grasses.</p>
<p>—Down, sir! How dare you, sir!</p>
<p>Haines asked:</p>
<p>—Do you pay rent for this tower?</p>
<p>—Twelve quid, Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>—To the secretary of state for war, Stephen added over his shoulder.</p>
<p>They halted while Haines surveyed the tower and said at last:</p>
<p>—Rather bleak in wintertime, I should say. Martello you call it?</p>
<p>—Billy Pitt had them built, Buck Mulligan said, when the French were on the sea. But ours is the <em>omphalos</em>.</p>
<p>—What is your idea of Hamlet? Haines asked Stephen.</p>
<p>—No, no, Buck Mulligan shouted in pain. I’m not equal to Thomas Aquinas and the fiftyfive reasons he has made out to prop it up. Wait till I have a few pints in me first.</p>
<p>He turned to Stephen, saying, as he pulled down neatly the peaks of his primrose waistcoat:</p>
<p>—You couldn’t manage it under three pints, Kinch, could you?</p>
<p>—It has waited so long, Stephen said listlessly, it can wait longer.</p>
<p>—You pique my curiosity, Haines said amiably. Is it some paradox?</p>
<p>—Pooh! Buck Mulligan said. We have grown out of Wilde and paradoxes. It’s quite simple. He proves by algebra that Hamlet’s grandson is Shakespeare’s grandfather and that he himself is the ghost of his own father.</p>
<p>—What? Haines said, beginning to point at Stephen. He himself?</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan slung his towel stolewise round his neck and, bending in loose laughter, said to Stephen’s ear:</p>
<p>—O, shade of Kinch the elder! Japhet in search of a father!</p>
<p>—We’re always tired in the morning, Stephen said to Haines. And it is rather long to tell.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan, walking forward again, raised his hands.</p>
<p>—The sacred pint alone can unbind the tongue of Dedalus, he said.</p>
<p>—I mean to say, Haines explained to Stephen as they followed, this tower and these cliffs here remind me somehow of Elsinore. <em>That beetles o’er his base into the sea,</em> isn’t it?</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan turned suddenly for an instant towards Stephen but did not speak. In the bright silent instant Stephen saw his own image in cheap dusty mourning between their gay attires.</p>
<p>—It’s a wonderful tale, Haines said, bringing them to halt again.</p>
<p>Eyes, pale as the sea the wind had freshened, paler, firm and prudent. The seas’ ruler, he gazed southward over the bay, empty save for the smokeplume of the mailboat vague on the bright skyline and a sail tacking by the Muglins.</p>
<p>—I read a theological interpretation of it somewhere, he said bemused. The Father and the Son idea. The Son striving to be atoned with the Father.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan at once put on a blithe broadly smiling face. He looked at them, his wellshaped mouth open happily, his eyes, from which he had suddenly withdrawn all shrewd sense, blinking with mad gaiety. He moved a doll’s head to and fro, the brims of his Panama hat quivering, and began to chant in a quiet happy foolish voice:</p>
<p><em>—I’m the queerest young fellow that ever you heard.<br />
My mother’s a jew, my father’s a bird.<br />
With Joseph the joiner I cannot agree.<br />
So here’s to disciples and Calvary.</em></p>
<p>He held up a forefinger of warning.</p>
<p><em>—If anyone thinks that I amn’t divine<br />
He’ll get no free drinks when I’m making the wine<br />
But have to drink water and wish it were plain<br />
That I make when the wine becomes water again.</em></p>
<p>He tugged swiftly at Stephen’s ashplant in farewell and, running forward to a brow of the cliff, fluttered his hands at his sides like fins or wings of one about to rise in the air, and chanted:</p>
<p><em>—Goodbye, now, goodbye! Write down all I said<br />
And tell Tom, Dick and Harry I rose from the dead.<br />
What’s bred in the bone cannot fail me to fly<br />
And Olivet’s breezy... Goodbye, now, goodbye!</em></p>
<p>He capered before them down towards the fortyfoot hole, fluttering his winglike hands, leaping nimbly, Mercury’s hat quivering in the fresh wind that bore back to them his brief birdsweet cries.</p>
<p>Haines, who had been laughing guardedly, walked on beside Stephen and said:</p>
<p>—We oughtn’t to laugh, I suppose. He’s rather blasphemous. I’m not a believer myself, that is to say. Still his gaiety takes the harm out of it somehow, doesn’t it? What did he call it? Joseph the Joiner?</p>
<p>—The ballad of joking Jesus, Stephen answered.</p>
<p>—O, Haines said, you have heard it before?</p>
<p>—Three times a day, after meals, Stephen said drily.</p>
<p>—You’re not a believer, are you? Haines asked. I mean, a believer in the narrow sense of the word. Creation from nothing and miracles and a personal God.</p>
<p>—There’s only one sense of the word, it seems to me, Stephen said.</p>
<p>Haines stopped to take out a smooth silver case in which twinkled a green stone. He sprang it open with his thumb and offered it.</p>
<p>—Thank you, Stephen said, taking a cigarette.</p>
<p>Haines helped himself and snapped the case to. He put it back in his sidepocket and took from his waistcoatpocket a nickel tinderbox, sprang it open too, and, having lit his cigarette, held the flaming spunk towards Stephen in the shell of his hands.</p>
<p>—Yes, of course, he said, as they went on again. Either you believe or you don’t, isn’t it? Personally I couldn’t stomach that idea of a personal God. You don’t stand for that, I suppose?</p>
<p>—You behold in me, Stephen said with grim displeasure, a horrible example of free thought.</p>
<p>He walked on, waiting to be spoken to, trailing his ashplant by his side. Its ferrule followed lightly on the path, squealing at his heels. My familiar, after me, calling, Steeeeeeeeeeeephen! A wavering line along the path. They will walk on it tonight, coming here in the dark. He wants that key. It is mine. I paid the rent. Now I eat his salt bread. Give him the key too. All. He will ask for it. That was in his eyes.</p>
<p>—After all, Haines began...</p>
<p>Stephen turned and saw that the cold gaze which had measured him was not all unkind.</p>
<p>—After all, I should think you are able to free yourself. You are your own master, it seems to me.</p>
<p>—I am a servant of two masters, Stephen said, an English and an Italian.</p>
<p>—Italian? Haines said.</p>
<p>A crazy queen, old and jealous. Kneel down before me.</p>
<p>—And a third, Stephen said, there is who wants me for odd jobs.</p>
<p>—Italian? Haines said again. What do you mean?</p>
<p>—The imperial British state, Stephen answered, his colour rising, and the holy Roman catholic and apostolic church.</p>
<p>Haines detached from his underlip some fibres of tobacco before he spoke.</p>
<p>—I can quite understand that, he said calmly. An Irishman must think like that, I daresay. We feel in England that we have treated you rather unfairly. It seems history is to blame.</p>
<p>The proud potent titles clanged over Stephen’s memory the triumph of their brazen bells: <em>et unam sanctam catholicam et apostolicam ecclesiam:</em> the slow growth and change of rite and dogma like his own rare thoughts, a chemistry of stars. Symbol of the apostles in the mass for pope Marcellus, the voices blended, singing alone loud in affirmation: and behind their chant the vigilant angel of the church militant disarmed and menaced her heresiarchs. A horde of heresies fleeing with mitres awry: Photius and the brood of mockers of whom Mulligan was one, and Arius, warring his life long upon the consubstantiality of the Son with the Father, and Valentine, spurning Christ’s terrene body, and the subtle African heresiarch Sabellius who held that the Father was Himself His own Son. Words Mulligan had spoken a moment since in mockery to the stranger. Idle mockery. The void awaits surely all them that weave the wind: a menace, a disarming and a worsting from those embattled angels of the church, Michael’s host, who defend her ever in the hour of conflict with their lances and their shields.</p>
<p>Hear, hear! Prolonged applause. <em>Zut! Nom de Dieu!</em></p>
<p>—Of course I’m a Britisher, Haines’s voice said, and I feel as one. I don’t want to see my country fall into the hands of German jews either. That’s our national problem, I’m afraid, just now.</p>
<p>Two men stood at the verge of the cliff, watching: businessman, boatman.</p>
<p>—She’s making for Bullock harbour.</p>
<p>The boatman nodded towards the north of the bay with some disdain.</p>
<p>—There’s five fathoms out there, he said. It’ll be swept up that way when the tide comes in about one. It’s nine days today.</p>
<p>The man that was drowned. A sail veering about the blank bay waiting for a swollen bundle to bob up, roll over to the sun a puffy face, saltwhite. Here I am.</p>
<p>They followed the winding path down to the creek. Buck Mulligan stood on a stone, in shirtsleeves, his unclipped tie rippling over his shoulder. A young man clinging to a spur of rock near him, moved slowly frogwise his green legs in the deep jelly of the water.</p>
<p>—Is the brother with you, Malachi?</p>
<p>—Down in Westmeath. With the Bannons.</p>
<p>—Still there? I got a card from Bannon. Says he found a sweet young thing down there. Photo girl he calls her.</p>
<p>—Snapshot, eh? Brief exposure.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan sat down to unlace his boots. An elderly man shot up near the spur of rock a blowing red face. He scrambled up by the stones, water glistening on his pate and on its garland of grey hair, water rilling over his chest and paunch and spilling jets out of his black sagging loincloth.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan made way for him to scramble past and, glancing at Haines and Stephen, crossed himself piously with his thumbnail at brow and lips and breastbone.</p>
<p>—Seymour’s back in town, the young man said, grasping again his spur of rock. Chucked medicine and going in for the army.</p>
<p>—Ah, go to God! Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>—Going over next week to stew. You know that red Carlisle girl, Lily?</p>
<p>—Yes.</p>
<p>—Spooning with him last night on the pier. The father is rotto with money.</p>
<p>—Is she up the pole?</p>
<p>—Better ask Seymour that.</p>
<p>—Seymour a bleeding officer! Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>He nodded to himself as he drew off his trousers and stood up, saying tritely:</p>
<p>—Redheaded women buck like goats.</p>
<p>He broke off in alarm, feeling his side under his flapping shirt.</p>
<p>—My twelfth rib is gone, he cried. I’m the <em>Übermensch.</em> Toothless Kinch and I, the supermen.</p>
<p>He struggled out of his shirt and flung it behind him to where his clothes lay.</p>
<p>—Are you going in here, Malachi?</p>
<p>—Yes. Make room in the bed.</p>
<p>The young man shoved himself backward through the water and reached the middle of the creek in two long clean strokes. Haines sat down on a stone, smoking.</p>
<p>—Are you not coming in? Buck Mulligan asked.</p>
<p>—Later on, Haines said. Not on my breakfast.</p>
<p>Stephen turned away.</p>
<p>—I’m going, Mulligan, he said.</p>
<p>—Give us that key, Kinch, Buck Mulligan said, to keep my chemise flat.</p>
<p>Stephen handed him the key. Buck Mulligan laid it across his heaped clothes.</p>
<p>—And twopence, he said, for a pint. Throw it there.</p>
<p>Stephen threw two pennies on the soft heap. Dressing, undressing. Buck Mulligan erect, with joined hands before him, said solemnly:</p>
<p>—He who stealeth from the poor lendeth to the Lord. Thus spake Zarathustra.</p>
<p>His plump body plunged.</p>
<p>—We’ll see you again, Haines said, turning as Stephen walked up the path and smiling at wild Irish.</p>
<p>Horn of a bull, hoof of a horse, smile of a Saxon.</p>
<p>—The Ship, Buck Mulligan cried. Half twelve.</p>
<p>—Good, Stephen said.</p>
<p>He walked along the upwardcurving path.</p>
<p>Liliata rutilantium.<br />
Turma circumdet.<br />
Iubilantium te virginum.</p>
<p>The priest’s grey nimbus in a niche where he dressed discreetly. I will not sleep here tonight. Home also I cannot go.</p>
<p>A voice, sweettoned and sustained, called to him from the sea. Turning the curve he waved his hand. It called again. A sleek brown head, a seal’s, far out on the water, round.</p>
<p>Usurper.</p>
</div>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html_pgepubid00004" class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html_chap02"></span>[ 2 ]</h3>
<p>—You, Cochrane, what city sent for him?</p>
<p>—Tarentum, sir.</p>
<p>—Very good. Well?</p>
<p>—There was a battle, sir.</p>
<p>—Very good. Where?</p>
<p>The boy’s blank face asked the blank window.</p>
<p>Fabled by the daughters of memory. And yet it was in some way if not as memory fabled it. A phrase, then, of impatience, thud of Blake’s wings of excess. I hear the ruin of all space, shattered glass and toppling masonry, and time one livid final flame. What’s left us then?</p>
<p>—I forget the place, sir. 279 B. C.</p>
<p>—Asculum, Stephen said, glancing at the name and date in the gorescarred book.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir. And he said: <em>Another victory like that and we are done for.</em></p>
<p>That phrase the world had remembered. A dull ease of the mind. From a hill above a corpsestrewn plain a general speaking to his officers, leaned upon his spear. Any general to any officers. They lend ear.</p>
<p>—You, Armstrong, Stephen said. What was the end of Pyrrhus?</p>
<p>—End of Pyrrhus, sir?</p>
<p>—I know, sir. Ask me, sir, Comyn said.</p>
<p>—Wait. You, Armstrong. Do you know anything about Pyrrhus?</p>
<p>A bag of figrolls lay snugly in Armstrong’s satchel. He curled them between his palms at whiles and swallowed them softly. Crumbs adhered to the tissue of his lips. A sweetened boy’s breath. Welloff people, proud that their eldest son was in the navy. Vico Road, Dalkey.</p>
<p>—Pyrrhus, sir? Pyrrhus, a pier.</p>
<p>All laughed. Mirthless high malicious laughter. Armstrong looked round at his classmates, silly glee in profile. In a moment they will laugh more loudly, aware of my lack of rule and of the fees their papas pay.</p>
<p>—Tell me now, Stephen said, poking the boy’s shoulder with the book, what is a pier.</p>
<p>—A pier, sir, Armstrong said. A thing out in the water. A kind of a bridge. Kingstown pier, sir.</p>
<p>Some laughed again: mirthless but with meaning. Two in the back bench whispered. Yes. They knew: had never learned nor ever been innocent. All. With envy he watched their faces: Edith, Ethel, Gerty, Lily. Their likes: their breaths, too, sweetened with tea and jam, their bracelets tittering in the struggle.</p>
<p>—Kingstown pier, Stephen said. Yes, a disappointed bridge.</p>
<p>The words troubled their gaze.</p>
<p>—How, sir? Comyn asked. A bridge is across a river.</p>
<p>For Haines’s chapbook. No-one here to hear. Tonight deftly amid wild drink and talk, to pierce the polished mail of his mind. What then? A jester at the court of his master, indulged and disesteemed, winning a clement master’s praise. Why had they chosen all that part? Not wholly for the smooth caress. For them too history was a tale like any other too often heard, their land a pawnshop.</p>
<p>Had Pyrrhus not fallen by a beldam’s hand in Argos or Julius Caesar not been knifed to death. They are not to be thought away. Time has branded them and fettered they are lodged in the room of the infinite possibilities they have ousted. But can those have been possible seeing that they never were? Or was that only possible which came to pass? Weave, weaver of the wind.</p>
<p>—Tell us a story, sir.</p>
<p>—O, do, sir. A ghoststory.</p>
<p>—Where do you begin in this? Stephen asked, opening another book.</p>
<p>—<em>Weep no more,</em> Comyn said.</p>
<p>—Go on then, Talbot.</p>
<p>—And the story, sir?</p>
<p>—After, Stephen said. Go on, Talbot.</p>
<p>A swarthy boy opened a book and propped it nimbly under the breastwork of his satchel. He recited jerks of verse with odd glances at the text:</p>
<p><em>—Weep no more, woful shepherds, weep no more<br />
For Lycidas, your sorrow, is not dead,<br />
Sunk though he be beneath the watery floor...</em></p>
<p>It must be a movement then, an actuality of the possible as possible. Aristotle’s phrase formed itself within the gabbled verses and floated out into the studious silence of the library of Saint Genevieve where he had read, sheltered from the sin of Paris, night by night. By his elbow a delicate Siamese conned a handbook of strategy. Fed and feeding brains about me: under glowlamps, impaled, with faintly beating feelers: and in my mind’s darkness a sloth of the underworld, reluctant, shy of brightness, shifting her dragon scaly folds. Thought is the thought of thought. Tranquil brightness. The soul is in a manner all that is: the soul is the form of forms. Tranquility sudden, vast, candescent: form of forms.</p>
<p>Talbot repeated:</p>
<p><em>—Through the dear might of Him that walked the waves,<br />
Through the dear might...</em></p>
<p>—Turn over, Stephen said quietly. I don’t see anything.</p>
<p>—What, sir? Talbot asked simply, bending forward.</p>
<p>His hand turned the page over. He leaned back and went on again, having just remembered. Of him that walked the waves. Here also over these craven hearts his shadow lies and on the scoffer’s heart and lips and on mine. It lies upon their eager faces who offered him a coin of the tribute. To Caesar what is Caesar’s, to God what is God’s. A long look from dark eyes, a riddling sentence to be woven and woven on the church’s looms. Ay.</p>
<p>Riddle me, riddle me, randy ro.<br />
My father gave me seeds to sow.</p>
<p>Talbot slid his closed book into his satchel.</p>
<p>—Have I heard all? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir. Hockey at ten, sir.</p>
<p>—Half day, sir. Thursday.</p>
<p>—Who can answer a riddle? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>They bundled their books away, pencils clacking, pages rustling. Crowding together they strapped and buckled their satchels, all gabbling gaily:</p>
<p>—A riddle, sir? Ask me, sir.</p>
<p>—O, ask me, sir.</p>
<p>—A hard one, sir.</p>
<p>—This is the riddle, Stephen said:</p>
<p>The cock crew,<br />
The sky was blue:<br />
The bells in heaven<br />
Were striking eleven.<br />
’Tis time for this poor soul<br />
To go to heaven.</p>
<p>What is that?</p>
<p>—What, sir?</p>
<p>—Again, sir. We didn’t hear.</p>
<p>Their eyes grew bigger as the lines were repeated. After a silence Cochrane said:</p>
<p>—What is it, sir? We give it up.</p>
<p>Stephen, his throat itching, answered:</p>
<p>—The fox burying his grandmother under a hollybush.</p>
<p>He stood up and gave a shout of nervous laughter to which their cries echoed dismay.</p>
<p>A stick struck the door and a voice in the corridor called:</p>
<p>—Hockey!</p>
<p>They broke asunder, sidling out of their benches, leaping them. Quickly they were gone and from the lumberroom came the rattle of sticks and clamour of their boots and tongues.</p>
<p>Sargent who alone had lingered came forward slowly, showing an open copybook. His tangled hair and scraggy neck gave witness of unreadiness and through his misty glasses weak eyes looked up pleading. On his cheek, dull and bloodless, a soft stain of ink lay, dateshaped, recent and damp as a snail’s bed.</p>
<p>He held out his copybook. The word <em>Sums</em> was written on the headline. Beneath were sloping figures and at the foot a crooked signature with blind loops and a blot. Cyril Sargent: his name and seal.</p>
<p>—Mr Deasy told me to write them out all again, he said, and show them to you, sir.</p>
<p>Stephen touched the edges of the book. Futility.</p>
<p>—Do you understand how to do them now? he asked.</p>
<p>—Numbers eleven to fifteen, Sargent answered. Mr Deasy said I was to copy them off the board, sir.</p>
<p>—Can you do them yourself? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>—No, sir.</p>
<p>Ugly and futile: lean neck and tangled hair and a stain of ink, a snail’s bed. Yet someone had loved him, borne him in her arms and in her heart. But for her the race of the world would have trampled him underfoot, a squashed boneless snail. She had loved his weak watery blood drained from her own. Was that then real? The only true thing in life? His mother’s prostrate body the fiery Columbanus in holy zeal bestrode. She was no more: the trembling skeleton of a twig burnt in the fire, an odour of rosewood and wetted ashes. She had saved him from being trampled underfoot and had gone, scarcely having been. A poor soul gone to heaven: and on a heath beneath winking stars a fox, red reek of rapine in his fur, with merciless bright eyes scraped in the earth, listened, scraped up the earth, listened, scraped and scraped.</p>
<p>Sitting at his side Stephen solved out the problem. He proves by algebra that Shakespeare’s ghost is Hamlet’s grandfather. Sargent peered askance through his slanted glasses. Hockeysticks rattled in the lumberroom: the hollow knock of a ball and calls from the field.</p>
<p>Across the page the symbols moved in grave morrice, in the mummery of their letters, wearing quaint caps of squares and cubes. Give hands, traverse, bow to partner: so: imps of fancy of the Moors. Gone too from the world, Averroes and Moses Maimonides, dark men in mien and movement, flashing in their mocking mirrors the obscure soul of the world, a darkness shining in brightness which brightness could not comprehend.</p>
<p>—Do you understand now? Can you work the second for yourself?</p>
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<p>In long shaky strokes Sargent copied the data. Waiting always for a word of help his hand moved faithfully the unsteady symbols, a faint hue of shame flickering behind his dull skin. <em>Amor matris:</em> subjective and objective genitive. With her weak blood and wheysour milk she had fed him and hid from sight of others his swaddling bands.</p>
<p>Like him was I, these sloping shoulders, this gracelessness. My childhood bends beside me. Too far for me to lay a hand there once or lightly. Mine is far and his secret as our eyes. Secrets, silent, stony sit in the dark palaces of both our hearts: secrets weary of their tyranny: tyrants, willing to be dethroned.</p>
<p>The sum was done.</p>
<p>—It is very simple, Stephen said as he stood up.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir. Thanks, Sargent answered.</p>
<p>He dried the page with a sheet of thin blottingpaper and carried his copybook back to his bench.</p>
<p>—You had better get your stick and go out to the others, Stephen said as he followed towards the door the boy’s graceless form.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<p>In the corridor his name was heard, called from the playfield.</p>
<p>—Sargent!</p>
<p>—Run on, Stephen said. Mr Deasy is calling you.</p>
<p>He stood in the porch and watched the laggard hurry towards the scrappy field where sharp voices were in strife. They were sorted in teams and Mr Deasy came away stepping over wisps of grass with gaitered feet. When he had reached the schoolhouse voices again contending called to him. He turned his angry white moustache.</p>
<p>—What is it now? he cried continually without listening.</p>
<p>—Cochrane and Halliday are on the same side, sir, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—Will you wait in my study for a moment, Mr Deasy said, till I restore order here.</p>
<p>And as he stepped fussily back across the field his old man’s voice cried sternly:</p>
<p>—What is the matter? What is it now?</p>
<p>Their sharp voices cried about him on all sides: their many forms closed round him, the garish sunshine bleaching the honey of his illdyed head.</p>
<p>Stale smoky air hung in the study with the smell of drab abraded leather of its chairs. As on the first day he bargained with me here. As it was in the beginning, is now. On the sideboard the tray of Stuart coins, base treasure of a bog: and ever shall be. And snug in their spooncase of purple plush, faded, the twelve apostles having preached to all the gentiles: world without end.</p>
<p>A hasty step over the stone porch and in the corridor. Blowing out his rare moustache Mr Deasy halted at the table.</p>
<p>—First, our little financial settlement, he said.</p>
<p>He brought out of his coat a pocketbook bound by a leather thong. It slapped open and he took from it two notes, one of joined halves, and laid them carefully on the table.</p>
<p>—Two, he said, strapping and stowing his pocketbook away.</p>
<p>And now his strongroom for the gold. Stephen’s embarrassed hand moved over the shells heaped in the cold stone mortar: whelks and money cowries and leopard shells: and this, whorled as an emir’s turban, and this, the scallop of saint James. An old pilgrim’s hoard, dead treasure, hollow shells.</p>
<p>A sovereign fell, bright and new, on the soft pile of the tablecloth.</p>
<p>—Three, Mr Deasy said, turning his little savingsbox about in his hand. These are handy things to have. See. This is for sovereigns. This is for shillings. Sixpences, halfcrowns. And here crowns. See.</p>
<p>He shot from it two crowns and two shillings.</p>
<p>—Three twelve, he said. I think you’ll find that’s right.</p>
<p>—Thank you, sir, Stephen said, gathering the money together with shy haste and putting it all in a pocket of his trousers.</p>
<p>—No thanks at all, Mr Deasy said. You have earned it.</p>
<p>Stephen’s hand, free again, went back to the hollow shells. Symbols too of beauty and of power. A lump in my pocket: symbols soiled by greed and misery.</p>
<p>—Don’t carry it like that, Mr Deasy said. You’ll pull it out somewhere and lose it. You just buy one of these machines. You’ll find them very handy.</p>
<p>Answer something.</p>
<p>—Mine would be often empty, Stephen said.</p>
<p>The same room and hour, the same wisdom: and I the same. Three times now. Three nooses round me here. Well? I can break them in this instant if I will.</p>
<p>—Because you don’t save, Mr Deasy said, pointing his finger. You don’t know yet what money is. Money is power. When you have lived as long as I have. I know, I know. If youth but knew. But what does Shakespeare say? <em>Put but money in thy purse.</em></p>
<p>—Iago, Stephen murmured.</p>
<p>He lifted his gaze from the idle shells to the old man’s stare.</p>
<p>—He knew what money was, Mr Deasy said. He made money. A poet, yes, but an Englishman too. Do you know what is the pride of the English? Do you know what is the proudest word you will ever hear from an Englishman’s mouth?</p>
<p>The seas’ ruler. His seacold eyes looked on the empty bay: it seems history is to blame: on me and on my words, unhating.</p>
<p>—That on his empire, Stephen said, the sun never sets.</p>
<p>—Ba! Mr Deasy cried. That’s not English. A French Celt said that. He tapped his savingsbox against his thumbnail.</p>
<p>—I will tell you, he said solemnly, what is his proudest boast. <em>I paid my way.</em></p>
<p>Good man, good man.</p>
<p><em>—I paid my way. I never borrowed a shilling in my life.</em> Can you feel that? <em>I owe nothing.</em> Can you?</p>
<p>Mulligan, nine pounds, three pairs of socks, one pair brogues, ties. Curran, ten guineas. McCann, one guinea. Fred Ryan, two shillings. Temple, two lunches. Russell, one guinea, Cousins, ten shillings, Bob Reynolds, half a guinea, Koehler, three guineas, Mrs MacKernan, five weeks’ board. The lump I have is useless.</p>
<p>—For the moment, no, Stephen answered.</p>
<p>Mr Deasy laughed with rich delight, putting back his savingsbox.</p>
<p>—I knew you couldn’t, he said joyously. But one day you must feel it. We are a generous people but we must also be just.</p>
<p>—I fear those big words, Stephen said, which make us so unhappy.</p>
<p>Mr Deasy stared sternly for some moments over the mantelpiece at the shapely bulk of a man in tartan fillibegs: Albert Edward, prince of Wales.</p>
<p>—You think me an old fogey and an old tory, his thoughtful voice said. I saw three generations since O’Connell’s time. I remember the famine in ’46. Do you know that the orange lodges agitated for repeal of the union twenty years before O’Connell did or before the prelates of your communion denounced him as a demagogue? You fenians forget some things.</p>
<p>Glorious, pious and immortal memory. The lodge of Diamond in Armagh the splendid behung with corpses of papishes. Hoarse, masked and armed, the planters’ covenant. The black north and true blue bible. Croppies lie down.</p>
<p>Stephen sketched a brief gesture.</p>
<p>—I have rebel blood in me too, Mr Deasy said. On the spindle side. But I am descended from sir John Blackwood who voted for the union. We are all Irish, all kings’ sons.</p>
<p>—Alas, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—<em>Per vias rectas</em>, Mr Deasy said firmly, was his motto. He voted for it and put on his topboots to ride to Dublin from the Ards of Down to do so.</p>
<p>Lal the ral the ra<br />
The rocky road to Dublin.</p>
<p>A gruff squire on horseback with shiny topboots. Soft day, sir John! Soft day, your honour!... Day!... Day!... Two topboots jog dangling on to Dublin. Lal the ral the ra. Lal the ral the raddy.</p>
<p>—That reminds me, Mr Deasy said. You can do me a favour, Mr Dedalus, with some of your literary friends. I have a letter here for the press. Sit down a moment. I have just to copy the end.</p>
<p>He went to the desk near the window, pulled in his chair twice and read off some words from the sheet on the drum of his typewriter.</p>
<p>—Sit down. Excuse me, he said over his shoulder, <em>the dictates of common sense.</em> Just a moment.</p>
<p>He peered from under his shaggy brows at the manuscript by his elbow and, muttering, began to prod the stiff buttons of the keyboard slowly, sometimes blowing as he screwed up the drum to erase an error.</p>
<p>Stephen seated himself noiselessly before the princely presence. Framed around the walls images of vanished horses stood in homage, their meek heads poised in air: lord Hastings’ <em>Repulse</em>, the duke of Westminster’s <em>Shotover</em>, the duke of Beaufort’s <em>Ceylon</em>, <em>prix de Paris</em>, 1866. Elfin riders sat them, watchful of a sign. He saw their speeds, backing king’s colours, and shouted with the shouts of vanished crowds.</p>
<p>—Full stop, Mr Deasy bade his keys. <em>But prompt ventilation of this allimportant question...</em></p>
<p>Where Cranly led me to get rich quick, hunting his winners among the mudsplashed brakes, amid the bawls of bookies on their pitches and reek of the canteen, over the motley slush. Even money <em>Fair Rebel.</em> Ten to one the field. Dicers and thimbleriggers we hurried by after the hoofs, the vying caps and jackets and past the meatfaced woman, a butcher’s dame, nuzzling thirstily her clove of orange.</p>
<p>Shouts rang shrill from the boys’ playfield and a whirring whistle.</p>
<p>Again: a goal. I am among them, among their battling bodies in a medley, the joust of life. You mean that knockkneed mother’s darling who seems to be slightly crawsick? Jousts. Time shocked rebounds, shock by shock. Jousts, slush and uproar of battles, the frozen deathspew of the slain, a shout of spearspikes baited with men’s bloodied guts.</p>
<p>—Now then, Mr Deasy said, rising.</p>
<p>He came to the table, pinning together his sheets. Stephen stood up.</p>
<p>—I have put the matter into a nutshell, Mr Deasy said. It’s about the foot and mouth disease. Just look through it. There can be no two opinions on the matter.</p>
<p>May I trespass on your valuable space. That doctrine of <em>laissez faire</em> which so often in our history. Our cattle trade. The way of all our old industries. Liverpool ring which jockeyed the Galway harbour scheme. European conflagration. Grain supplies through the narrow waters of the channel. The pluterperfect imperturbability of the department of agriculture. Pardoned a classical allusion. Cassandra. By a woman who was no better than she should be. To come to the point at issue.</p>
<p>—I don’t mince words, do I? Mr Deasy asked as Stephen read on.</p>
<p>Foot and mouth disease. Known as Koch’s preparation. Serum and virus. Percentage of salted horses. Rinderpest. Emperor’s horses at Mürzsteg, lower Austria. Veterinary surgeons. Mr Henry Blackwood Price. Courteous offer a fair trial. Dictates of common sense. Allimportant question. In every sense of the word take the bull by the horns. Thanking you for the hospitality of your columns.</p>
<p>—I want that to be printed and read, Mr Deasy said. You will see at the next outbreak they will put an embargo on Irish cattle. And it can be cured. It is cured. My cousin, Blackwood Price, writes to me it is regularly treated and cured in Austria by cattledoctors there. They offer to come over here. I am trying to work up influence with the department. Now I’m going to try publicity. I am surrounded by difficulties, by... intrigues by... backstairs influence by...</p>
<p>He raised his forefinger and beat the air oldly before his voice spoke.</p>
<p>—Mark my words, Mr Dedalus, he said. England is in the hands of the jews. In all the highest places: her finance, her press. And they are the signs of a nation’s decay. Wherever they gather they eat up the nation’s vital strength. I have seen it coming these years. As sure as we are standing here the jew merchants are already at their work of destruction. Old England is dying.</p>
<p>He stepped swiftly off, his eyes coming to blue life as they passed a broad sunbeam. He faced about and back again.</p>
<p>—Dying, he said again, if not dead by now.</p>
<p>The harlot’s cry from street to street<br />
Shall weave old England’s windingsheet.</p>
<p>His eyes open wide in vision stared sternly across the sunbeam in which he halted.</p>
<p>—A merchant, Stephen said, is one who buys cheap and sells dear, jew or gentile, is he not?</p>
<p>—They sinned against the light, Mr Deasy said gravely. And you can see the darkness in their eyes. And that is why they are wanderers on the earth to this day.</p>
<p>On the steps of the Paris stock exchange the goldskinned men quoting prices on their gemmed fingers. Gabble of geese. They swarmed loud, uncouth about the temple, their heads thickplotting under maladroit silk hats. Not theirs: these clothes, this speech, these gestures. Their full slow eyes belied the words, the gestures eager and unoffending, but knew the rancours massed about them and knew their zeal was vain. Vain patience to heap and hoard. Time surely would scatter all. A hoard heaped by the roadside: plundered and passing on. Their eyes knew their years of wandering and, patient, knew the dishonours of their flesh.</p>
<p>—Who has not? Stephen said.</p>
<p>—What do you mean? Mr Deasy asked.</p>
<p>He came forward a pace and stood by the table. His underjaw fell sideways open uncertainly. Is this old wisdom? He waits to hear from me.</p>
<p>—History, Stephen said, is a nightmare from which I am trying to awake.</p>
<p>From the playfield the boys raised a shout. A whirring whistle: goal. What if that nightmare gave you a back kick?</p>
<p>—The ways of the Creator are not our ways, Mr Deasy said. All human history moves towards one great goal, the manifestation of God.</p>
<p>Stephen jerked his thumb towards the window, saying:</p>
<p>—That is God.</p>
<p>Hooray! Ay! Whrrwhee!</p>
<p>—What? Mr Deasy asked.</p>
<p>—A shout in the street, Stephen answered, shrugging his shoulders.</p>
<p>Mr Deasy looked down and held for awhile the wings of his nose tweaked between his fingers. Looking up again he set them free.</p>
<p>—I am happier than you are, he said. We have committed many errors and many sins. A woman brought sin into the world. For a woman who was no better than she should be, Helen, the runaway wife of Menelaus, ten years the Greeks made war on Troy. A faithless wife first brought the strangers to our shore here, MacMurrough’s wife and her leman, O’Rourke, prince of Breffni. A woman too brought Parnell low. Many errors, many failures but not the one sin. I am a struggler now at the end of my days. But I will fight for the right till the end.</p>
<p>For Ulster will fight<br />
And Ulster will be right.</p>
<p>Stephen raised the sheets in his hand.</p>
<p>—Well, sir, he began.</p>
<p>—I foresee, Mr Deasy said, that you will not remain here very long at this work. You were not born to be a teacher, I think. Perhaps I am wrong.</p>
<p>—A learner rather, Stephen said.</p>
<p>And here what will you learn more?</p>
<p>Mr Deasy shook his head.</p>
<p>—Who knows? he said. To learn one must be humble. But life is the great teacher.</p>
<p>Stephen rustled the sheets again.</p>
<p>—As regards these, he began.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Deasy said. You have two copies there. If you can have them published at once.</p>
<p><em>Telegraph. Irish Homestead.</em></p>
<p>—I will try, Stephen said, and let you know tomorrow. I know two editors slightly.</p>
<p>—That will do, Mr Deasy said briskly. I wrote last night to Mr Field, M.P. There is a meeting of the cattletraders’ association today at the City Arms hotel. I asked him to lay my letter before the meeting. You see if you can get it into your two papers. What are they?</p>
<p><em>—The Evening Telegraph...</em></p>
<p>—That will do, Mr Deasy said. There is no time to lose. Now I have to answer that letter from my cousin.</p>
<p>—Good morning, sir, Stephen said, putting the sheets in his pocket. Thank you.</p>
<p>—Not at all, Mr Deasy said as he searched the papers on his desk. I like to break a lance with you, old as I am.</p>
<p>—Good morning, sir, Stephen said again, bowing to his bent back.</p>
<p>He went out by the open porch and down the gravel path under the trees, hearing the cries of voices and crack of sticks from the playfield. The lions couchant on the pillars as he passed out through the gate: toothless terrors. Still I will help him in his fight. Mulligan will dub me a new name: the bullockbefriending bard.</p>
<p>—Mr Dedalus!</p>
<p>Running after me. No more letters, I hope.</p>
<p>—Just one moment.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, Stephen said, turning back at the gate.</p>
<p>Mr Deasy halted, breathing hard and swallowing his breath.</p>
<p>—I just wanted to say, he said. Ireland, they say, has the honour of being the only country which never persecuted the jews. Do you know that? No. And do you know why?</p>
<p>He frowned sternly on the bright air.</p>
<p>—Why, sir? Stephen asked, beginning to smile.</p>
<p>—Because she never let them in, Mr Deasy said solemnly.</p>
<p>A coughball of laughter leaped from his throat dragging after it a rattling chain of phlegm. He turned back quickly, coughing, laughing, his lifted arms waving to the air.</p>
<p>—She never let them in, he cried again through his laughter as he stamped on gaitered feet over the gravel of the path. That’s why.</p>
<p>On his wise shoulders through the checkerwork of leaves the sun flung spangles, dancing coins.</p>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-3.htm.html_chap03"></span>[ 3 ]</h3>
<p>Ineluctable modality of the visible: at least that if no more, thought through my eyes. Signatures of all things I am here to read, seaspawn and seawrack, the nearing tide, that rusty boot. Snotgreen, bluesilver, rust: coloured signs. Limits of the diaphane. But he adds: in bodies. Then he was aware of them bodies before of them coloured. How? By knocking his sconce against them, sure. Go easy. Bald he was and a millionaire, <em>maestro di color che sanno</em>. Limit of the diaphane in. Why in? Diaphane, adiaphane. If you can put your five fingers through it it is a gate, if not a door. Shut your eyes and see.</p>
<p>Stephen closed his eyes to hear his boots crush crackling wrack and shells. You are walking through it howsomever. I am, a stride at a time. A very short space of time through very short times of space. Five, six: the <em>nacheinander</em>. Exactly: and that is the ineluctable modality of the audible. Open your eyes. No. Jesus! If I fell over a cliff that beetles o’er his base, fell through the <em>nebeneinander</em> ineluctably! I am getting on nicely in the dark. My ash sword hangs at my side. Tap with it: they do. My two feet in his boots are at the ends of his legs, <em>nebeneinander</em>. Sounds solid: made by the mallet of <em>Los Demiurgos</em>. Am I walking into eternity along Sandymount strand? Crush, crack, crick, crick. Wild sea money. Dominie Deasy kens them a’.</p>
<p>Won’t you come to Sandymount,<br />
Madeline the mare?</p>
<p>Rhythm begins, you see. I hear. A catalectic tetrameter of iambs marching. No, agallop: <em>deline the mare</em>.</p>
<p>Open your eyes now. I will. One moment. Has all vanished since? If I open and am for ever in the black adiaphane. <em>Basta!</em> I will see if I can see.</p>
<p>See now. There all the time without you: and ever shall be, world without end.</p>
<p>They came down the steps from Leahy’s terrace prudently, <em>Frauenzimmer</em>: and down the shelving shore flabbily, their splayed feet sinking in the silted sand. Like me, like Algy, coming down to our mighty mother. Number one swung lourdily her midwife’s bag, the other’s gamp poked in the beach. From the liberties, out for the day. Mrs Florence MacCabe, relict of the late Patk MacCabe, deeply lamented, of Bride Street. One of her sisterhood lugged me squealing into life. Creation from nothing. What has she in the bag? A misbirth with a trailing navelcord, hushed in ruddy wool. The cords of all link back, strandentwining cable of all flesh. That is why mystic monks. Will you be as gods? Gaze in your <em>omphalos</em>. Hello. Kinch here. Put me on to Edenville. Aleph, alpha: nought, nought, one.</p>
<p>Spouse and helpmate of Adam Kadmon: Heva, naked Eve. She had no navel. Gaze. Belly without blemish, bulging big, a buckler of taut vellum, no, whiteheaped corn, orient and immortal, standing from everlasting to everlasting. Womb of sin.</p>
<p>Wombed in sin darkness I was too, made not begotten. By them, the man with my voice and my eyes and a ghostwoman with ashes on her breath. They clasped and sundered, did the coupler’s will. From before the ages He willed me and now may not will me away or ever. A <em>lex eterna</em> stays about Him. Is that then the divine substance wherein Father and Son are consubstantial? Where is poor dear Arius to try conclusions? Warring his life long upon the contransmagnificandjewbangtantiality. Illstarred heresiarch! In a Greek watercloset he breathed his last: <em>euthanasia</em>. With beaded mitre and with crozier, stalled upon his throne, widower of a widowed see, with upstiffed <em>omophorion</em>, with clotted hinderparts.</p>
<p>Airs romped round him, nipping and eager airs. They are coming, waves. The whitemaned seahorses, champing, brightwindbridled, the steeds of Mananaan.</p>
<p>I mustn’t forget his letter for the press. And after? The Ship, half twelve. By the way go easy with that money like a good young imbecile. Yes, I must.</p>
<p>His pace slackened. Here. Am I going to aunt Sara’s or not? My consubstantial father’s voice. Did you see anything of your artist brother Stephen lately? No? Sure he’s not down in Strasburg terrace with his aunt Sally? Couldn’t he fly a bit higher than that, eh? And and and and tell us, Stephen, how is uncle Si? O, weeping God, the things I married into! De boys up in de hayloft. The drunken little costdrawer and his brother, the cornet player. Highly respectable gondoliers! And skeweyed Walter sirring his father, no less! Sir. Yes, sir. No, sir. Jesus wept: and no wonder, by Christ!</p>
<p>I pull the wheezy bell of their shuttered cottage: and wait. They take me for a dun, peer out from a coign of vantage.</p>
<p>—It’s Stephen, sir.</p>
<p>—Let him in. Let Stephen in.</p>
<p>A bolt drawn back and Walter welcomes me.</p>
<p>—We thought you were someone else.</p>
<p>In his broad bed nuncle Richie, pillowed and blanketed, extends over the hillock of his knees a sturdy forearm. Cleanchested. He has washed the upper moiety.</p>
<p>—Morrow, nephew.</p>
<p>He lays aside the lapboard whereon he drafts his bills of costs for the eyes of master Goff and master Shapland Tandy, filing consents and common searches and a writ of <em>Duces Tecum</em>. A bogoak frame over his bald head: Wilde’s <em>Requiescat</em>. The drone of his misleading whistle brings Walter back.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir?</p>
<p>—Malt for Richie and Stephen, tell mother. Where is she?</p>
<p>—Bathing Crissie, sir.</p>
<p>Papa’s little bedpal. Lump of love.</p>
<p>—No, uncle Richie...</p>
<p>—Call me Richie. Damn your lithia water. It lowers. Whusky!</p>
<p>—Uncle Richie, really...</p>
<p>—Sit down or by the law Harry I’ll knock you down.</p>
<p>Walter squints vainly for a chair.</p>
<p>—He has nothing to sit down on, sir.</p>
<p>—He has nowhere to put it, you mug. Bring in our chippendale chair. Would you like a bite of something? None of your damned lawdeedaw airs here. The rich of a rasher fried with a herring? Sure? So much the better. We have nothing in the house but backache pills.</p>
<p><em>All’erta!</em></p>
<p>He drones bars of Ferrando’s <em>aria di sortita</em>. The grandest number, Stephen, in the whole opera. Listen.</p>
<p>His tuneful whistle sounds again, finely shaded, with rushes of the air, his fists bigdrumming on his padded knees.</p>
<p>This wind is sweeter.</p>
<p>Houses of decay, mine, his and all. You told the Clongowes gentry you had an uncle a judge and an uncle a general in the army. Come out of them, Stephen. Beauty is not there. Nor in the stagnant bay of Marsh’s library where you read the fading prophecies of Joachim Abbas. For whom? The hundredheaded rabble of the cathedral close. A hater of his kind ran from them to the wood of madness, his mane foaming in the moon, his eyeballs stars. Houyhnhnm, horsenostrilled. The oval equine faces, Temple, Buck Mulligan, Foxy Campbell, Lanternjaws. Abbas father, furious dean, what offence laid fire to their brains? Paff! <em>Descende, calve, ut ne nimium decalveris</em>. A garland of grey hair on his comminated head see him me clambering down to the footpace (<em>descende!</em>), clutching a monstrance, basiliskeyed. Get down, baldpoll! A choir gives back menace and echo, assisting about the altar’s horns, the snorted Latin of jackpriests moving burly in their albs, tonsured and oiled and gelded, fat with the fat of kidneys of wheat.</p>
<p>And at the same instant perhaps a priest round the corner is elevating it. Dringdring! And two streets off another locking it into a pyx. Dringadring! And in a ladychapel another taking housel all to his own cheek. Dringdring! Down, up, forward, back. Dan Occam thought of that, invincible doctor. A misty English morning the imp hypostasis tickled his brain. Bringing his host down and kneeling he heard twine with his second bell the first bell in the transept (he is lifting his) and, rising, heard (now I am lifting) their two bells (he is kneeling) twang in diphthong.</p>
<p>Cousin Stephen, you will never be a saint. Isle of saints. You were awfully holy, weren’t you? You prayed to the Blessed Virgin that you might not have a red nose. You prayed to the devil in Serpentine avenue that the fubsy widow in front might lift her clothes still more from the wet street. <em>O si, certo!</em> Sell your soul for that, do, dyed rags pinned round a squaw. More tell me, more still! On the top of the Howth tram alone crying to the rain: <em>Naked women! Naked women!</em> What about that, eh?</p>
<p>What about what? What else were they invented for?</p>
<p>Reading two pages apiece of seven books every night, eh? I was young. You bowed to yourself in the mirror, stepping forward to applause earnestly, striking face. Hurray for the Goddamned idiot! Hray! No-one saw: tell no-one. Books you were going to write with letters for titles. Have you read his F? O yes, but I prefer Q. Yes, but W is wonderful. O yes, W. Remember your epiphanies written on green oval leaves, deeply deep, copies to be sent if you died to all the great libraries of the world, including Alexandria? Someone was to read them there after a few thousand years, a mahamanvantara. Pico della Mirandola like. Ay, very like a whale. When one reads these strange pages of one long gone one feels that one is at one with one who once...</p>
<p>The grainy sand had gone from under his feet. His boots trod again a damp crackling mast, razorshells, squeaking pebbles, that on the unnumbered pebbles beats, wood sieved by the shipworm, lost Armada. Unwholesome sandflats waited to suck his treading soles, breathing upward sewage breath, a pocket of seaweed smouldered in seafire under a midden of man’s ashes. He coasted them, walking warily. A porterbottle stood up, stogged to its waist, in the cakey sand dough. A sentinel: isle of dreadful thirst. Broken hoops on the shore; at the land a maze of dark cunning nets; farther away chalkscrawled backdoors and on the higher beach a dryingline with two crucified shirts. Ringsend: wigwams of brown steersmen and master mariners. Human shells.</p>
<p>He halted. I have passed the way to aunt Sara’s. Am I not going there? Seems not. No-one about. He turned northeast and crossed the firmer sand towards the Pigeonhouse.</p>
<p><em>—Qui vous a mis dans cette fichue position?</em></p>
<p><em>—C’est le pigeon, Joseph.</em></p>
<p>Patrice, home on furlough, lapped warm milk with me in the bar MacMahon. Son of the wild goose, Kevin Egan of Paris. My father’s a bird, he lapped the sweet <em>lait chaud</em> with pink young tongue, plump bunny’s face. Lap, <em>lapin.</em> He hopes to win in the <em>gros lots</em>. About the nature of women he read in Michelet. But he must send me <em>La Vie de Jésus</em> by M. Léo Taxil. Lent it to his friend.</p>
<p><em>—C’est tordant, vous savez. Moi, je suis socialiste. Je ne crois pas en l’existence de Dieu. Faut pas le dire à mon père.</em></p>
<p><em>—Il croit?</em></p>
<p><em>—Mon père, oui.</em></p>
<p><em>Schluss</em>. He laps.</p>
<p>My Latin quarter hat. God, we simply must dress the character. I want puce gloves. You were a student, weren’t you? Of what in the other devil’s name? Paysayenn. P. C. N., you know: <em>physiques, chimiques et naturelles</em>. Aha. Eating your groatsworth of <em>mou en civet</em>, fleshpots of Egypt, elbowed by belching cabmen. Just say in the most natural tone: when I was in Paris; <em>boul’ Mich’</em>, I used to. Yes, used to carry punched tickets to prove an alibi if they arrested you for murder somewhere. Justice. On the night of the seventeenth of February 1904 the prisoner was seen by two witnesses. Other fellow did it: other me. Hat, tie, overcoat, nose. <em>Lui, c’est moi</em>. You seem to have enjoyed yourself.</p>
<p>Proudly walking. Whom were you trying to walk like? Forget: a dispossessed. With mother’s money order, eight shillings, the banging door of the post office slammed in your face by the usher. Hunger toothache. <em>Encore deux minutes</em>. Look clock. Must get. <em>Fermé</em>. Hired dog! Shoot him to bloody bits with a bang shotgun, bits man spattered walls all brass buttons. Bits all khrrrrklak in place clack back. Not hurt? O, that’s all right. Shake hands. See what I meant, see? O, that’s all right. Shake a shake. O, that’s all only all right.</p>
<p>You were going to do wonders, what? Missionary to Europe after fiery Columbanus. Fiacre and Scotus on their creepystools in heaven spilt from their pintpots, loudlatinlaughing: <em>Euge! Euge!</em> Pretending to speak broken English as you dragged your valise, porter threepence, across the slimy pier at Newhaven. <em>Comment?</em> Rich booty you brought back; <em>Le Tutu</em>, five tattered numbers of <em>Pantalon Blanc et Culotte Rouge</em>; a blue French telegram, curiosity to show:</p>
<p>—Mother dying come home father.</p>
<p>The aunt thinks you killed your mother. That’s why she won’t.</p>
<p>Then here’s a health to Mulligan’s aunt<br />
And I’ll tell you the reason why.<br />
She always kept things decent in<br />
The Hannigan famileye.</p>
<p>His feet marched in sudden proud rhythm over the sand furrows, along by the boulders of the south wall. He stared at them proudly, piled stone mammoth skulls. Gold light on sea, on sand, on boulders. The sun is there, the slender trees, the lemon houses.</p>
<p>Paris rawly waking, crude sunlight on her lemon streets. Moist pith of farls of bread, the froggreen wormwood, her matin incense, court the air. Belluomo rises from the bed of his wife’s lover’s wife, the kerchiefed housewife is astir, a saucer of acetic acid in her hand. In Rodot’s Yvonne and Madeleine newmake their tumbled beauties, shattering with gold teeth <em>chaussons</em> of pastry, their mouths yellowed with the <em>pus</em> of <em>flan bréton</em>. Faces of Paris men go by, their wellpleased pleasers, curled conquistadores.</p>
<p>Noon slumbers. Kevin Egan rolls gunpowder cigarettes through fingers smeared with printer’s ink, sipping his green fairy as Patrice his white. About us gobblers fork spiced beans down their gullets. <em>Un demi sétier!</em> A jet of coffee steam from the burnished caldron. She serves me at his beck. <em>Il est irlandais. Hollandais? Non fromage. Deux irlandais, nous, Irlande, vous savez ah, oui!</em> She thought you wanted a cheese <em>hollandais</em>. Your postprandial, do you know that word? Postprandial. There was a fellow I knew once in Barcelona, queer fellow, used to call it his postprandial. Well: <em>slainte!</em> Around the slabbed tables the tangle of wined breaths and grumbling gorges. His breath hangs over our saucestained plates, the green fairy’s fang thrusting between his lips. Of Ireland, the Dalcassians, of hopes, conspiracies, of Arthur Griffith now, A E, pimander, good shepherd of men. To yoke me as his yokefellow, our crimes our common cause. You’re your father’s son. I know the voice. His fustian shirt, sanguineflowered, trembles its Spanish tassels at his secrets. M. Drumont, famous journalist, Drumont, know what he called queen Victoria? Old hag with the yellow teeth. <em>Vieille ogresse</em> with the <em>dents jaunes</em>. Maud Gonne, beautiful woman, <em>La Patrie</em>, M. Millevoye, Félix Faure, know how he died? Licentious men. The froeken, <em>bonne à tout faire</em>, who rubs male nakedness in the bath at Upsala. <em>Moi faire</em>, she said, <em>Tous les messieurs</em>. Not this <em>Monsieur</em>, I said. Most licentious custom. Bath a most private thing. I wouldn’t let my brother, not even my own brother, most lascivious thing. Green eyes, I see you. Fang, I feel. Lascivious people.</p>
<p>The blue fuse burns deadly between hands and burns clear. Loose tobaccoshreds catch fire: a flame and acrid smoke light our corner. Raw facebones under his peep of day boy’s hat. How the head centre got away, authentic version. Got up as a young bride, man, veil, orangeblossoms, drove out the road to Malahide. Did, faith. Of lost leaders, the betrayed, wild escapes. Disguises, clutched at, gone, not here.</p>
<p>Spurned lover. I was a strapping young gossoon at that time, I tell you. I’ll show you my likeness one day. I was, faith. Lover, for her love he prowled with colonel Richard Burke, tanist of his sept, under the walls of Clerkenwell and, crouching, saw a flame of vengeance hurl them upward in the fog. Shattered glass and toppling masonry. In gay Paree he hides, Egan of Paris, unsought by any save by me. Making his day’s stations, the dingy printingcase, his three taverns, the Montmartre lair he sleeps short night in, rue de la Goutte-d’Or, damascened with flyblown faces of the gone. Loveless, landless, wifeless. She is quite nicey comfy without her outcast man, madame in rue Gît-le-Cœur, canary and two buck lodgers. Peachy cheeks, a zebra skirt, frisky as a young thing’s. Spurned and undespairing. Tell Pat you saw me, won’t you? I wanted to get poor Pat a job one time. <em>Mon fils</em>, soldier of France. I taught him to sing <em>The boys of Kilkenny are stout roaring blades</em>. Know that old lay? I taught Patrice that. Old Kilkenny: saint Canice, Strongbow’s castle on the Nore. Goes like this. <em>O, O</em>. He takes me, Napper Tandy, by the hand.</p>
<p>O, O the boys of<br />
Kilkenny...</p>
<p>Weak wasting hand on mine. They have forgotten Kevin Egan, not he them. Remembering thee, O Sion.</p>
<p>He had come nearer the edge of the sea and wet sand slapped his boots. The new air greeted him, harping in wild nerves, wind of wild air of seeds of brightness. Here, I am not walking out to the Kish lightship, am I? He stood suddenly, his feet beginning to sink slowly in the quaking soil. Turn back.</p>
<p>Turning, he scanned the shore south, his feet sinking again slowly in new sockets. The cold domed room of the tower waits. Through the barbacans the shafts of light are moving ever, slowly ever as my feet are sinking, creeping duskward over the dial floor. Blue dusk, nightfall, deep blue night. In the darkness of the dome they wait, their pushedback chairs, my obelisk valise, around a board of abandoned platters. Who to clear it? He has the key. I will not sleep there when this night comes. A shut door of a silent tower, entombing their blind bodies, the panthersahib and his pointer. Call: no answer. He lifted his feet up from the suck and turned back by the mole of boulders. Take all, keep all. My soul walks with me, form of forms. So in the moon’s midwatches I pace the path above the rocks, in sable silvered, hearing Elsinore’s tempting flood.</p>
<p>The flood is following me. I can watch it flow past from here. Get back then by the Poolbeg road to the strand there. He climbed over the sedge and eely oarweeds and sat on a stool of rock, resting his ashplant in a grike.</p>
<p>A bloated carcass of a dog lay lolled on bladderwrack. Before him the gunwale of a boat, sunk in sand. <em>Un coche ensablé</em> Louis Veuillot called Gautier’s prose. These heavy sands are language tide and wind have silted here. And these, the stoneheaps of dead builders, a warren of weasel rats. Hide gold there. Try it. You have some. Sands and stones. Heavy of the past. Sir Lout’s toys. Mind you don’t get one bang on the ear. I’m the bloody well gigant rolls all them bloody well boulders, bones for my steppingstones. Feefawfum. I zmellz de bloodz odz an Iridzman.</p>
<p>A point, live dog, grew into sight running across the sweep of sand. Lord, is he going to attack me? Respect his liberty. You will not be master of others or their slave. I have my stick. Sit tight. From farther away, walking shoreward across from the crested tide, figures, two. The two maries. They have tucked it safe mong the bulrushes. Peekaboo. I see you. No, the dog. He is running back to them. Who?</p>
<p>Galleys of the Lochlanns ran here to beach, in quest of prey, their bloodbeaked prows riding low on a molten pewter surf. Dane vikings, torcs of tomahawks aglitter on their breasts when Malachi wore the collar of gold. A school of turlehide whales stranded in hot noon, spouting, hobbling in the shallows. Then from the starving cagework city a horde of jerkined dwarfs, my people, with flayers’ knives, running, scaling, hacking in green blubbery whalemeat. Famine, plague and slaughters. Their blood is in me, their lusts my waves. I moved among them on the frozen Liffey, that I, a changeling, among the spluttering resin fires. I spoke to no-one: none to me.</p>
<p>The dog’s bark ran towards him, stopped, ran back. Dog of my enemy. I just simply stood pale, silent, bayed about. <em>Terribilia meditans</em>. A primrose doublet, fortune’s knave, smiled on my fear. For that are you pining, the bark of their applause? Pretenders: live their lives. The Bruce’s brother, Thomas Fitzgerald, silken knight, Perkin Warbeck, York’s false scion, in breeches of silk of whiterose ivory, wonder of a day, and Lambert Simnel, with a tail of nans and sutlers, a scullion crowned. All kings’ sons. Paradise of pretenders then and now. He saved men from drowning and you shake at a cur’s yelping. But the courtiers who mocked Guido in Or san Michele were in their own house. House of... We don’t want any of your medieval abstrusiosities. Would you do what he did? A boat would be near, a lifebuoy. <em>Natürlich</em>, put there for you. Would you or would you not? The man that was drowned nine days ago off Maiden’s rock. They are waiting for him now. The truth, spit it out. I would want to. I would try. I am not a strong swimmer. Water cold soft. When I put my face into it in the basin at Clongowes. Can’t see! Who’s behind me? Out quickly, quickly! Do you see the tide flowing quickly in on all sides, sheeting the lows of sand quickly, shellcocoacoloured? If I had land under my feet. I want his life still to be his, mine to be mine. A drowning man. His human eyes scream to me out of horror of his death. I... With him together down... I could not save her. Waters: bitter death: lost.</p>
<p>A woman and a man. I see her skirties. Pinned up, I bet.</p>
<p>Their dog ambled about a bank of dwindling sand, trotting, sniffing on all sides. Looking for something lost in a past life. Suddenly he made off like a bounding hare, ears flung back, chasing the shadow of a lowskimming gull. The man’s shrieked whistle struck his limp ears. He turned, bounded back, came nearer, trotted on twinkling shanks. On a field tenney a buck, trippant, proper, unattired. At the lacefringe of the tide he halted with stiff forehoofs, seawardpointed ears. His snout lifted barked at the wavenoise, herds of seamorse. They serpented towards his feet, curling, unfurling many crests, every ninth, breaking, plashing, from far, from farther out, waves and waves.</p>
<p>Cocklepickers. They waded a little way in the water and, stooping, soused their bags and, lifting them again, waded out. The dog yelped running to them, reared up and pawed them, dropping on all fours, again reared up at them with mute bearish fawning. Unheeded he kept by them as they came towards the drier sand, a rag of wolf’s tongue redpanting from his jaws. His speckled body ambled ahead of them and then loped off at a calf’s gallop. The carcass lay on his path. He stopped, sniffed, stalked round it, brother, nosing closer, went round it, sniffling rapidly like a dog all over the dead dog’s bedraggled fell. Dogskull, dogsniff, eyes on the ground, moves to one great goal. Ah, poor dogsbody! Here lies poor dogsbody’s body.</p>
<p>—Tatters! Out of that, you mongrel!</p>
<p>The cry brought him skulking back to his master and a blunt bootless kick sent him unscathed across a spit of sand, crouched in flight. He slunk back in a curve. Doesn’t see me. Along by the edge of the mole he lolloped, dawdled, smelt a rock and from under a cocked hindleg pissed against it. He trotted forward and, lifting again his hindleg, pissed quick short at an unsmelt rock. The simple pleasures of the poor. His hindpaws then scattered the sand: then his forepaws dabbled and delved. Something he buried there, his grandmother. He rooted in the sand, dabbling, delving and stopped to listen to the air, scraped up the sand again with a fury of his claws, soon ceasing, a pard, a panther, got in spousebreach, vulturing the dead.</p>
<p>After he woke me last night same dream or was it? Wait. Open hallway. Street of harlots. Remember. Haroun al Raschid. I am almosting it. That man led me, spoke. I was not afraid. The melon he had he held against my face. Smiled: creamfruit smell. That was the rule, said. In. Come. Red carpet spread. You will see who.</p>
<p>Shouldering their bags they trudged, the red Egyptians. His blued feet out of turnedup trousers slapped the clammy sand, a dull brick muffler strangling his unshaven neck. With woman steps she followed: the ruffian and his strolling mort. Spoils slung at her back. Loose sand and shellgrit crusted her bare feet. About her windraw face hair trailed. Behind her lord, his helpmate, bing awast to Romeville. When night hides her body’s flaws calling under her brown shawl from an archway where dogs have mired. Her fancyman is treating two Royal Dublins in O’Loughlin’s of Blackpitts. Buss her, wap in rogues’ rum lingo, for, O, my dimber wapping dell! A shefiend’s whiteness under her rancid rags. Fumbally’s lane that night: the tanyard smells.</p>
<p>White thy fambles, red thy gan<br />
And thy quarrons dainty is.<br />
Couch a hogshead with me then.<br />
In the darkmans clip and kiss.</p>
<p>Morose delectation Aquinas tunbelly calls this, <em>frate porcospino</em>. Unfallen Adam rode and not rutted. Call away let him: <em>thy quarrons dainty is</em>. Language no whit worse than his. Monkwords, marybeads jabber on their girdles: roguewords, tough nuggets patter in their pockets.</p>
<p>Passing now.</p>
<p>A side eye at my Hamlet hat. If I were suddenly naked here as I sit? I am not. Across the sands of all the world, followed by the sun’s flaming sword, to the west, trekking to evening lands. She trudges, schlepps, trains, drags, trascines her load. A tide westering, moondrawn, in her wake. Tides, myriadislanded, within her, blood not mine, <em>oinopa ponton</em>, a winedark sea. Behold the handmaid of the moon. In sleep the wet sign calls her hour, bids her rise. Bridebed, childbed, bed of death, ghostcandled. <em>Omnis caro ad te veniet</em>. He comes, pale vampire, through storm his eyes, his bat sails bloodying the sea, mouth to her mouth’s kiss.</p>
<p>Here. Put a pin in that chap, will you? My tablets. Mouth to her kiss. No. Must be two of em. Glue em well. Mouth to her mouth’s kiss.</p>
<p>His lips lipped and mouthed fleshless lips of air: mouth to her moomb. Oomb, allwombing tomb. His mouth moulded issuing breath, unspeeched: ooeeehah: roar of cataractic planets, globed, blazing, roaring wayawayawayawayaway. Paper. The banknotes, blast them. Old Deasy’s letter. Here. Thanking you for the hospitality tear the blank end off. Turning his back to the sun he bent over far to a table of rock and scribbled words. That’s twice I forgot to take slips from the library counter.</p>
<p>His shadow lay over the rocks as he bent, ending. Why not endless till the farthest star? Darkly they are there behind this light, darkness shining in the brightness, delta of Cassiopeia, worlds. Me sits there with his augur’s rod of ash, in borrowed sandals, by day beside a livid sea, unbeheld, in violet night walking beneath a reign of uncouth stars. I throw this ended shadow from me, manshape ineluctable, call it back. Endless, would it be mine, form of my form? Who watches me here? Who ever anywhere will read these written words? Signs on a white field. Somewhere to someone in your flutiest voice. The good bishop of Cloyne took the veil of the temple out of his shovel hat: veil of space with coloured emblems hatched on its field. Hold hard. Coloured on a flat: yes, that’s right. Flat I see, then think distance, near, far, flat I see, east, back. Ah, see now! Falls back suddenly, frozen in stereoscope. Click does the trick. You find my words dark. Darkness is in our souls do you not think? Flutier. Our souls, shamewounded by our sins, cling to us yet more, a woman to her lover clinging, the more the more.</p>
<p>She trusts me, her hand gentle, the longlashed eyes. Now where the blue hell am I bringing her beyond the veil? Into the ineluctable modality of the ineluctable visuality. She, she, she. What she? The virgin at Hodges Figgis’ window on Monday looking in for one of the alphabet books you were going to write. Keen glance you gave her. Wrist through the braided jesse of her sunshade. She lives in Leeson park with a grief and kickshaws, a lady of letters. Talk that to someone else, Stevie: a pickmeup. Bet she wears those curse of God stays suspenders and yellow stockings, darned with lumpy wool. Talk about apple dumplings, <em>piuttosto</em>. Where are your wits?</p>
<p>Touch me. Soft eyes. Soft soft soft hand. I am lonely here. O, touch me soon, now. What is that word known to all men? I am quiet here alone. Sad too. Touch, touch me.</p>
<p>He lay back at full stretch over the sharp rocks, cramming the scribbled note and pencil into a pocket, his hat tilted down on his eyes. That is Kevin Egan’s movement I made, nodding for his nap, sabbath sleep. <em>Et vidit Deus. Et erant valde bona</em>. Alo! <em>Bonjour</em>. Welcome as the flowers in May. Under its leaf he watched through peacocktwittering lashes the southing sun. I am caught in this burning scene. Pan’s hour, the faunal noon. Among gumheavy serpentplants, milkoozing fruits, where on the tawny waters leaves lie wide. Pain is far.</p>
<p>And no more turn aside and brood.</p>
<p>His gaze brooded on his broadtoed boots, a buck’s castoffs, <em>nebeneinander</em>. He counted the creases of rucked leather wherein another’s foot had nested warm. The foot that beat the ground in tripudium, foot I dislove. But you were delighted when Esther Osvalt’s shoe went on you: girl I knew in Paris. <em>Tiens, quel petit pied!</em> Staunch friend, a brother soul: Wilde’s love that dare not speak its name. His arm: Cranly’s arm. He now will leave me. And the blame? As I am. As I am. All or not at all.</p>
<p>In long lassoes from the Cock lake the water flowed full, covering greengoldenly lagoons of sand, rising, flowing. My ashplant will float away. I shall wait. No, they will pass on, passing, chafing against the low rocks, swirling, passing. Better get this job over quick. Listen: a fourworded wavespeech: seesoo, hrss, rsseeiss, ooos. Vehement breath of waters amid seasnakes, rearing horses, rocks. In cups of rocks it slops: flop, slop, slap: bounded in barrels. And, spent, its speech ceases. It flows purling, widely flowing, floating foampool, flower unfurling.</p>
<p>Under the upswelling tide he saw the writhing weeds lift languidly and sway reluctant arms, hising up their petticoats, in whispering water swaying and upturning coy silver fronds. Day by day: night by night: lifted, flooded and let fall. Lord, they are weary; and, whispered to, they sigh. Saint Ambrose heard it, sigh of leaves and waves, waiting, awaiting the fullness of their times, <em>diebus ac noctibus iniurias patiens ingemiscit</em>. To no end gathered; vainly then released, forthflowing, wending back: loom of the moon. Weary too in sight of lovers, lascivious men, a naked woman shining in her courts, she draws a toil of waters.</p>
<p>Five fathoms out there. Full fathom five thy father lies. At one, he said. Found drowned. High water at Dublin bar. Driving before it a loose drift of rubble, fanshoals of fishes, silly shells. A corpse rising saltwhite from the undertow, bobbing a pace a pace a porpoise landward. There he is. Hook it quick. Pull. Sunk though he be beneath the watery floor. We have him. Easy now.</p>
<p>Bag of corpsegas sopping in foul brine. A quiver of minnows, fat of a spongy titbit, flash through the slits of his buttoned trouserfly. God becomes man becomes fish becomes barnacle goose becomes featherbed mountain. Dead breaths I living breathe, tread dead dust, devour a urinous offal from all dead. Hauled stark over the gunwale he breathes upward the stench of his green grave, his leprous nosehole snoring to the sun.</p>
<p>A seachange this, brown eyes saltblue. Seadeath, mildest of all deaths known to man. Old Father Ocean. <em>Prix de Paris</em>: beware of imitations. Just you give it a fair trial. We enjoyed ourselves immensely.</p>
<p>Come. I thirst. Clouding over. No black clouds anywhere, are there? Thunderstorm. Allbright he falls, proud lightning of the intellect, <em>Lucifer, dico, qui nescit occasum</em>. No. My cockle hat and staff and hismy sandal shoon. Where? To evening lands. Evening will find itself.</p>
<p>He took the hilt of his ashplant, lunging with it softly, dallying still. Yes, evening will find itself in me, without me. All days make their end. By the way next when is it Tuesday will be the longest day. Of all the glad new year, mother, the rum tum tiddledy tum. Lawn Tennyson, gentleman poet. <em>Già</em>. For the old hag with the yellow teeth. And Monsieur Drumont, gentleman journalist. <em>Già</em>. My teeth are very bad. Why, I wonder. Feel. That one is going too. Shells. Ought I go to a dentist, I wonder, with that money? That one. This. Toothless Kinch, the superman. Why is that, I wonder, or does it mean something perhaps?</p>
<p>My handkerchief. He threw it. I remember. Did I not take it up?</p>
<p>His hand groped vainly in his pockets. No, I didn’t. Better buy one.</p>
<p>He laid the dry snot picked from his nostril on a ledge of rock, carefully. For the rest let look who will.</p>
<p>Behind. Perhaps there is someone.</p>
<p>He turned his face over a shoulder, rere regardant. Moving through the air high spars of a threemaster, her sails brailed up on the crosstrees, homing, upstream, silently moving, a silent ship.</p>
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<h2><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_part02"></span>— II —</h2>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_chap04"></span>[ 4 ]</h3>
<p>Mr Leopold Bloom ate with relish the inner organs of beasts and fowls. He liked thick giblet soup, nutty gizzards, a stuffed roast heart, liverslices fried with crustcrumbs, fried hencods’ roes. Most of all he liked grilled mutton kidneys which gave to his palate a fine tang of faintly scented urine.</p>
<p>Kidneys were in his mind as he moved about the kitchen softly, righting her breakfast things on the humpy tray. Gelid light and air were in the kitchen but out of doors gentle summer morning everywhere. Made him feel a bit peckish.</p>
<p>The coals were reddening.</p>
<p>Another slice of bread and butter: three, four: right. She didn’t like her plate full. Right. He turned from the tray, lifted the kettle off the hob and set it sideways on the fire. It sat there, dull and squat, its spout stuck out. Cup of tea soon. Good. Mouth dry. The cat walked stiffly round a leg of the table with tail on high.</p>
<p>—Mkgnao!</p>
<p>—O, there you are, Mr Bloom said, turning from the fire.</p>
<p>The cat mewed in answer and stalked again stiffly round a leg of the table, mewing. Just how she stalks over my writingtable. Prr. Scratch my head. Prr.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom watched curiously, kindly the lithe black form. Clean to see: the gloss of her sleek hide, the white button under the butt of her tail, the green flashing eyes. He bent down to her, his hands on his knees.</p>
<p>—Milk for the pussens, he said.</p>
<p>—Mrkgnao! the cat cried.</p>
<p>They call them stupid. They understand what we say better than we understand them. She understands all she wants to. Vindictive too. Cruel. Her nature. Curious mice never squeal. Seem to like it. Wonder what I look like to her. Height of a tower? No, she can jump me.</p>
<p>—Afraid of the chickens she is, he said mockingly. Afraid of the chookchooks. I never saw such a stupid pussens as the pussens.</p>
<p>—Mrkrgnao! the cat said loudly.</p>
<p>She blinked up out of her avid shameclosing eyes, mewing plaintively and long, showing him her milkwhite teeth. He watched the dark eyeslits narrowing with greed till her eyes were green stones. Then he went to the dresser, took the jug Hanlon’s milkman had just filled for him, poured warmbubbled milk on a saucer and set it slowly on the floor.</p>
<p>—Gurrhr! she cried, running to lap.</p>
<p>He watched the bristles shining wirily in the weak light as she tipped three times and licked lightly. Wonder is it true if you clip them they can’t mouse after. Why? They shine in the dark, perhaps, the tips. Or kind of feelers in the dark, perhaps.</p>
<p>He listened to her licking lap. Ham and eggs, no. No good eggs with this drouth. Want pure fresh water. Thursday: not a good day either for a mutton kidney at Buckley’s. Fried with butter, a shake of pepper. Better a pork kidney at Dlugacz’s. While the kettle is boiling. She lapped slower, then licking the saucer clean. Why are their tongues so rough? To lap better, all porous holes. Nothing she can eat? He glanced round him. No.</p>
<p>On quietly creaky boots he went up the staircase to the hall, paused by the bedroom door. She might like something tasty. Thin bread and butter she likes in the morning. Still perhaps: once in a way.</p>
<p>He said softly in the bare hall:</p>
<p>—I’m going round the corner. Be back in a minute.</p>
<p>And when he had heard his voice say it he added:</p>
<p>—You don’t want anything for breakfast?</p>
<p>A sleepy soft grunt answered:</p>
<p>—Mn.</p>
<p>No. She didn’t want anything. He heard then a warm heavy sigh, softer, as she turned over and the loose brass quoits of the bedstead jingled. Must get those settled really. Pity. All the way from Gibraltar. Forgotten any little Spanish she knew. Wonder what her father gave for it. Old style. Ah yes! of course. Bought it at the governor’s auction. Got a short knock. Hard as nails at a bargain, old Tweedy. Yes, sir. At Plevna that was. I rose from the ranks, sir, and I’m proud of it. Still he had brains enough to make that corner in stamps. Now that was farseeing.</p>
<p>His hand took his hat from the peg over his initialled heavy overcoat and his lost property office secondhand waterproof. Stamps: stickyback pictures. Daresay lots of officers are in the swim too. Course they do. The sweated legend in the crown of his hat told him mutely: Plasto’s high grade ha. He peeped quickly inside the leather headband. White slip of paper. Quite safe.</p>
<p>On the doorstep he felt in his hip pocket for the latchkey. Not there. In the trousers I left off. Must get it. Potato I have. Creaky wardrobe. No use disturbing her. She turned over sleepily that time. He pulled the halldoor to after him very quietly, more, till the footleaf dropped gently over the threshold, a limp lid. Looked shut. All right till I come back anyhow.</p>
<p>He crossed to the bright side, avoiding the loose cellarflap of number seventyfive. The sun was nearing the steeple of George’s church. Be a warm day I fancy. Specially in these black clothes feel it more. Black conducts, reflects, (refracts is it?), the heat. But I couldn’t go in that light suit. Make a picnic of it. His eyelids sank quietly often as he walked in happy warmth. Boland’s breadvan delivering with trays our daily but she prefers yesterday’s loaves turnovers crisp crowns hot. Makes you feel young. Somewhere in the east: early morning: set off at dawn. Travel round in front of the sun, steal a day’s march on him. Keep it up for ever never grow a day older technically. Walk along a strand, strange land, come to a city gate, sentry there, old ranker too, old Tweedy’s big moustaches, leaning on a long kind of a spear. Wander through awned streets. Turbaned faces going by. Dark caves of carpet shops, big man, Turko the terrible, seated crosslegged, smoking a coiled pipe. Cries of sellers in the streets. Drink water scented with fennel, sherbet. Dander along all day. Might meet a robber or two. Well, meet him. Getting on to sundown. The shadows of the mosques among the pillars: priest with a scroll rolled up. A shiver of the trees, signal, the evening wind. I pass on. Fading gold sky. A mother watches me from her doorway. She calls her children home in their dark language. High wall: beyond strings twanged. Night sky, moon, violet, colour of Molly’s new garters. Strings. Listen. A girl playing one of those instruments what do you call them: dulcimers. I pass.</p>
<p>Probably not a bit like it really. Kind of stuff you read: in the track of the sun. Sunburst on the titlepage. He smiled, pleasing himself. What Arthur Griffith said about the headpiece over the <em>Freeman</em> leader: a homerule sun rising up in the northwest from the laneway behind the bank of Ireland. He prolonged his pleased smile. Ikey touch that: homerule sun rising up in the northwest.</p>
<p>He approached Larry O’Rourke’s. From the cellar grating floated up the flabby gush of porter. Through the open doorway the bar squirted out whiffs of ginger, teadust, biscuitmush. Good house, however: just the end of the city traffic. For instance M’Auley’s down there: n. g. as position. Of course if they ran a tramline along the North Circular from the cattlemarket to the quays value would go up like a shot.</p>
<p>Baldhead over the blind. Cute old codger. No use canvassing him for an ad. Still he knows his own business best. There he is, sure enough, my bold Larry, leaning against the sugarbin in his shirtsleeves watching the aproned curate swab up with mop and bucket. Simon Dedalus takes him off to a tee with his eyes screwed up. Do you know what I’m going to tell you? What’s that, Mr O’Rourke? Do you know what? The Russians, they’d only be an eight o’clock breakfast for the Japanese.</p>
<p>Stop and say a word: about the funeral perhaps. Sad thing about poor Dignam, Mr O’Rourke.</p>
<p>Turning into Dorset street he said freshly in greeting through the doorway:</p>
<p>—Good day, Mr O’Rourke.</p>
<p>—Good day to you.</p>
<p>—Lovely weather, sir.</p>
<p>—’Tis all that.</p>
<p>Where do they get the money? Coming up redheaded curates from the county Leitrim, rinsing empties and old man in the cellar. Then, lo and behold, they blossom out as Adam Findlaters or Dan Tallons. Then think of the competition. General thirst. Good puzzle would be cross Dublin without passing a pub. Save it they can’t. Off the drunks perhaps. Put down three and carry five. What is that, a bob here and there, dribs and drabs. On the wholesale orders perhaps. Doing a double shuffle with the town travellers. Square it you with the boss and we’ll split the job, see?</p>
<p>How much would that tot to off the porter in the month? Say ten barrels of stuff. Say he got ten per cent off. O more. Fifteen. He passed Saint Joseph’s National school. Brats’ clamour. Windows open. Fresh air helps memory. Or a lilt. Ahbeesee defeegee kelomen opeecue rustyouvee doubleyou. Boys are they? Yes. Inishturk. Inishark. Inishboffin. At their joggerfry. Mine. Slieve Bloom.</p>
<p>He halted before Dlugacz’s window, staring at the hanks of sausages, polonies, black and white. Fifteen multiplied by. The figures whitened in his mind, unsolved: displeased, he let them fade. The shiny links, packed with forcemeat, fed his gaze and he breathed in tranquilly the lukewarm breath of cooked spicy pigs’ blood.</p>
<p>A kidney oozed bloodgouts on the willowpatterned dish: the last. He stood by the nextdoor girl at the counter. Would she buy it too, calling the items from a slip in her hand? Chapped: washingsoda. And a pound and a half of Denny’s sausages. His eyes rested on her vigorous hips. Woods his name is. Wonder what he does. Wife is oldish. New blood. No followers allowed. Strong pair of arms. Whacking a carpet on the clothesline. She does whack it, by George. The way her crooked skirt swings at each whack.</p>
<p>The ferreteyed porkbutcher folded the sausages he had snipped off with blotchy fingers, sausagepink. Sound meat there: like a stallfed heifer.</p>
<p>He took a page up from the pile of cut sheets: the model farm at Kinnereth on the lakeshore of Tiberias. Can become ideal winter sanatorium. Moses Montefiore. I thought he was. Farmhouse, wall round it, blurred cattle cropping. He held the page from him: interesting: read it nearer, the title, the blurred cropping cattle, the page rustling. A young white heifer. Those mornings in the cattlemarket, the beasts lowing in their pens, branded sheep, flop and fall of dung, the breeders in hobnailed boots trudging through the litter, slapping a palm on a ripemeated hindquarter, there’s a prime one, unpeeled switches in their hands. He held the page aslant patiently, bending his senses and his will, his soft subject gaze at rest. The crooked skirt swinging, whack by whack by whack.</p>
<p>The porkbutcher snapped two sheets from the pile, wrapped up her prime sausages and made a red grimace.</p>
<p>—Now, my miss, he said.</p>
<p>She tendered a coin, smiling boldly, holding her thick wrist out.</p>
<p>—Thank you, my miss. And one shilling threepence change. For you, please?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom pointed quickly. To catch up and walk behind her if she went slowly, behind her moving hams. Pleasant to see first thing in the morning. Hurry up, damn it. Make hay while the sun shines. She stood outside the shop in sunlight and sauntered lazily to the right. He sighed down his nose: they never understand. Sodachapped hands. Crusted toenails too. Brown scapulars in tatters, defending her both ways. The sting of disregard glowed to weak pleasure within his breast. For another: a constable off duty cuddling her in Eccles’ Lane. They like them sizeable. Prime sausage. O please, Mr Policeman, I’m lost in the wood.</p>
<p>—Threepence, please.</p>
<p>His hand accepted the moist tender gland and slid it into a sidepocket. Then it fetched up three coins from his trousers’ pocket and laid them on the rubber prickles. They lay, were read quickly and quickly slid, disc by disc, into the till.</p>
<p>—Thank you, sir. Another time.</p>
<p>A speck of eager fire from foxeyes thanked him. He withdrew his gaze after an instant. No: better not: another time.</p>
<p>—Good morning, he said, moving away.</p>
<p>—Good morning, sir.</p>
<p>No sign. Gone. What matter?</p>
<p>He walked back along Dorset street, reading gravely. Agendath Netaim: planters’ company. To purchase waste sandy tracts from Turkish government and plant with eucalyptus trees. Excellent for shade, fuel and construction. Orangegroves and immense melonfields north of Jaffa. You pay eighty marks and they plant a dunam of land for you with olives, oranges, almonds or citrons. Olives cheaper: oranges need artificial irrigation. Every year you get a sending of the crop. Your name entered for life as owner in the book of the union. Can pay ten down and the balance in yearly instalments. Bleibtreustrasse 34, Berlin, W. 15.</p>
<p>Nothing doing. Still an idea behind it.</p>
<p>He looked at the cattle, blurred in silver heat. Silverpowdered olivetrees. Quiet long days: pruning, ripening. Olives are packed in jars, eh? I have a few left from Andrews. Molly spitting them out. Knows the taste of them now. Oranges in tissue paper packed in crates. Citrons too. Wonder is poor Citron still in Saint Kevin’s parade. And Mastiansky with the old cither. Pleasant evenings we had then. Molly in Citron’s basketchair. Nice to hold, cool waxen fruit, hold in the hand, lift it to the nostrils and smell the perfume. Like that, heavy, sweet, wild perfume. Always the same, year after year. They fetched high prices too, Moisel told me. Arbutus place: Pleasants street: pleasant old times. Must be without a flaw, he said. Coming all that way: Spain, Gibraltar, Mediterranean, the Levant. Crates lined up on the quayside at Jaffa, chap ticking them off in a book, navvies handling them barefoot in soiled dungarees. There’s whatdoyoucallhim out of. How do you? Doesn’t see. Chap you know just to salute bit of a bore. His back is like that Norwegian captain’s. Wonder if I’ll meet him today. Watering cart. To provoke the rain. On earth as it is in heaven.</p>
<p>A cloud began to cover the sun slowly, wholly. Grey. Far.</p>
<p>No, not like that. A barren land, bare waste. Vulcanic lake, the dead sea: no fish, weedless, sunk deep in the earth. No wind could lift those waves, grey metal, poisonous foggy waters. Brimstone they called it raining down: the cities of the plain: Sodom, Gomorrah, Edom. All dead names. A dead sea in a dead land, grey and old. Old now. It bore the oldest, the first race. A bent hag crossed from Cassidy’s, clutching a naggin bottle by the neck. The oldest people. Wandered far away over all the earth, captivity to captivity, multiplying, dying, being born everywhere. It lay there now. Now it could bear no more. Dead: an old woman’s: the grey sunken cunt of the world.</p>
<p>Desolation.</p>
<p>Grey horror seared his flesh. Folding the page into his pocket he turned into Eccles street, hurrying homeward. Cold oils slid along his veins, chilling his blood: age crusting him with a salt cloak. Well, I am here now. Yes, I am here now. Morning mouth bad images. Got up wrong side of the bed. Must begin again those Sandow’s exercises. On the hands down. Blotchy brown brick houses. Number eighty still unlet. Why is that? Valuation is only twentyeight. Towers, Battersby, North, MacArthur: parlour windows plastered with bills. Plasters on a sore eye. To smell the gentle smoke of tea, fume of the pan, sizzling butter. Be near her ample bedwarmed flesh. Yes, yes.</p>
<p>Quick warm sunlight came running from Berkeley road, swiftly, in slim sandals, along the brightening footpath. Runs, she runs to meet me, a girl with gold hair on the wind.</p>
<p>Two letters and a card lay on the hallfloor. He stooped and gathered them. Mrs Marion Bloom. His quickened heart slowed at once. Bold hand. Mrs Marion.</p>
<p>—Poldy!</p>
<p>Entering the bedroom he halfclosed his eyes and walked through warm yellow twilight towards her tousled head.</p>
<p>—Who are the letters for?</p>
<p>He looked at them. Mullingar. Milly.</p>
<p>—A letter for me from Milly, he said carefully, and a card to you. And a letter for you.</p>
<p>He laid her card and letter on the twill bedspread near the curve of her knees.</p>
<p>—Do you want the blind up?</p>
<p>Letting the blind up by gentle tugs halfway his backward eye saw her glance at the letter and tuck it under her pillow.</p>
<p>—That do? he asked, turning.</p>
<p>She was reading the card, propped on her elbow.</p>
<p>—She got the things, she said.</p>
<p>He waited till she had laid the card aside and curled herself back slowly with a snug sigh.</p>
<p>—Hurry up with that tea, she said. I’m parched.</p>
<p>—The kettle is boiling, he said.</p>
<p>But he delayed to clear the chair: her striped petticoat, tossed soiled linen: and lifted all in an armful on to the foot of the bed.</p>
<p>As he went down the kitchen stairs she called:</p>
<p>—Poldy!</p>
<p>—What?</p>
<p>—Scald the teapot.</p>
<p>On the boil sure enough: a plume of steam from the spout. He scalded and rinsed out the teapot and put in four full spoons of tea, tilting the kettle then to let the water flow in. Having set it to draw he took off the kettle, crushed the pan flat on the live coals and watched the lump of butter slide and melt. While he unwrapped the kidney the cat mewed hungrily against him. Give her too much meat she won’t mouse. Say they won’t eat pork. Kosher. Here. He let the bloodsmeared paper fall to her and dropped the kidney amid the sizzling butter sauce. Pepper. He sprinkled it through his fingers ringwise from the chipped eggcup.</p>
<p>Then he slit open his letter, glancing down the page and over. Thanks: new tam: Mr Coghlan: lough Owel picnic: young student: Blazes Boylan’s seaside girls.</p>
<p>The tea was drawn. He filled his own moustachecup, sham crown Derby, smiling. Silly Milly’s birthday gift. Only five she was then. No, wait: four. I gave her the amberoid necklace she broke. Putting pieces of folded brown paper in the letterbox for her. He smiled, pouring.</p>
<p>O, Milly Bloom, you are my darling.<br />
You are my lookingglass from night to morning.<br />
I’d rather have you without a farthing<br />
Than Katey Keogh with her ass and garden.</p>
<p>Poor old professor Goodwin. Dreadful old case. Still he was a courteous old chap. Oldfashioned way he used to bow Molly off the platform. And the little mirror in his silk hat. The night Milly brought it into the parlour. O, look what I found in professor Goodwin’s hat! All we laughed. Sex breaking out even then. Pert little piece she was.</p>
<p>He prodded a fork into the kidney and slapped it over: then fitted the teapot on the tray. Its hump bumped as he took it up. Everything on it? Bread and butter, four, sugar, spoon, her cream. Yes. He carried it upstairs, his thumb hooked in the teapot handle.</p>
<p>Nudging the door open with his knee he carried the tray in and set it on the chair by the bedhead.</p>
<p>—What a time you were! she said.</p>
<p>She set the brasses jingling as she raised herself briskly, an elbow on the pillow. He looked calmly down on her bulk and between her large soft bubs, sloping within her nightdress like a shegoat’s udder. The warmth of her couched body rose on the air, mingling with the fragrance of the tea she poured.</p>
<p>A strip of torn envelope peeped from under the dimpled pillow. In the act of going he stayed to straighten the bedspread.</p>
<p>—Who was the letter from? he asked.</p>
<p>Bold hand. Marion.</p>
<p>—O, Boylan, she said. He’s bringing the programme.</p>
<p>—What are you singing?</p>
<p>—<em>Là ci darem</em> with J. C. Doyle, she said, and <em>Love’s Old Sweet Song</em>.</p>
<p>Her full lips, drinking, smiled. Rather stale smell that incense leaves next day. Like foul flowerwater.</p>
<p>—Would you like the window open a little?</p>
<p>She doubled a slice of bread into her mouth, asking:</p>
<p>—What time is the funeral?</p>
<p>—Eleven, I think, he answered. I didn’t see the paper.</p>
<p>Following the pointing of her finger he took up a leg of her soiled drawers from the bed. No? Then, a twisted grey garter looped round a stocking: rumpled, shiny sole.</p>
<p>—No: that book.</p>
<p>Other stocking. Her petticoat.</p>
<p>—It must have fell down, she said.</p>
<p>He felt here and there. <em>Voglio e non vorrei</em>. Wonder if she pronounces that right: <em>voglio</em>. Not in the bed. Must have slid down. He stooped and lifted the valance. The book, fallen, sprawled against the bulge of the orangekeyed chamberpot.</p>
<p>—Show here, she said. I put a mark in it. There’s a word I wanted to ask you.</p>
<p>She swallowed a draught of tea from her cup held by nothandle and, having wiped her fingertips smartly on the blanket, began to search the text with the hairpin till she reached the word.</p>
<p>—Met him what? he asked.</p>
<p>—Here, she said. What does that mean?</p>
<p>He leaned downward and read near her polished thumbnail.</p>
<p>—Metempsychosis?</p>
<p>—Yes. Who’s he when he’s at home?</p>
<p>—Metempsychosis, he said, frowning. It’s Greek: from the Greek. That means the transmigration of souls.</p>
<p>—O, rocks! she said. Tell us in plain words.</p>
<p>He smiled, glancing askance at her mocking eyes. The same young eyes. The first night after the charades. Dolphin’s Barn. He turned over the smudged pages. <em>Ruby: the Pride of the Ring</em>. Hello. Illustration. Fierce Italian with carriagewhip. Must be Ruby pride of the on the floor naked. Sheet kindly lent. <em>The monster Maffei desisted and flung his victim from him with an oath</em>. Cruelty behind it all. Doped animals. Trapeze at Hengler’s. Had to look the other way. Mob gaping. Break your neck and we’ll break our sides. Families of them. Bone them young so they metamspychosis. That we live after death. Our souls. That a man’s soul after he dies. Dignam’s soul...</p>
<p>—Did you finish it? he asked.</p>
<p>—Yes, she said. There’s nothing smutty in it. Is she in love with the first fellow all the time?</p>
<p>—Never read it. Do you want another?</p>
<p>—Yes. Get another of Paul de Kock’s. Nice name he has.</p>
<p>She poured more tea into her cup, watching it flow sideways.</p>
<p>Must get that Capel street library book renewed or they’ll write to Kearney, my guarantor. Reincarnation: that’s the word.</p>
<p>—Some people believe, he said, that we go on living in another body after death, that we lived before. They call it reincarnation. That we all lived before on the earth thousands of years ago or some other planet. They say we have forgotten it. Some say they remember their past lives.</p>
<p>The sluggish cream wound curdling spirals through her tea. Better remind her of the word: metempsychosis. An example would be better. An example?</p>
<p>The <em>Bath of the Nymph</em> over the bed. Given away with the Easter number of <em>Photo Bits</em>: Splendid masterpiece in art colours. Tea before you put milk in. Not unlike her with her hair down: slimmer. Three and six I gave for the frame. She said it would look nice over the bed. Naked nymphs: Greece: and for instance all the people that lived then.</p>
<p>He turned the pages back.</p>
<p>—Metempsychosis, he said, is what the ancient Greeks called it. They used to believe you could be changed into an animal or a tree, for instance. What they called nymphs, for example.</p>
<p>Her spoon ceased to stir up the sugar. She gazed straight before her, inhaling through her arched nostrils.</p>
<p>—There’s a smell of burn, she said. Did you leave anything on the fire?</p>
<p>—The kidney! he cried suddenly.</p>
<p>He fitted the book roughly into his inner pocket and, stubbing his toes against the broken commode, hurried out towards the smell, stepping hastily down the stairs with a flurried stork’s legs. Pungent smoke shot up in an angry jet from a side of the pan. By prodding a prong of the fork under the kidney he detached it and turned it turtle on its back. Only a little burnt. He tossed it off the pan on to a plate and let the scanty brown gravy trickle over it.</p>
<p>Cup of tea now. He sat down, cut and buttered a slice of the loaf. He shore away the burnt flesh and flung it to the cat. Then he put a forkful into his mouth, chewing with discernment the toothsome pliant meat. Done to a turn. A mouthful of tea. Then he cut away dies of bread, sopped one in the gravy and put it in his mouth. What was that about some young student and a picnic? He creased out the letter at his side, reading it slowly as he chewed, sopping another die of bread in the gravy and raising it to his mouth.<br />
<br />
</p>
<p>Dearest Papli</p>
<p>Thanks ever so much for the lovely birthday present. It suits me splendid. Everyone says I am quite the belle in my new tam. I got mummy’s lovely box of creams and am writing. They are lovely. I am getting on swimming in the photo business now. Mr Coghlan took one of me and Mrs. Will send when developed. We did great biz yesterday. Fair day and all the beef to the heels were in. We are going to lough Owel on Monday with a few friends to make a scrap picnic. Give my love to mummy and to yourself a big kiss and thanks. I hear them at the piano downstairs. There is to be a concert in the Greville Arms on Saturday. There is a young student comes here some evenings named Bannon his cousins or something are big swells and he sings Boylan’s (I was on the pop of writing Blazes Boylan’s) song about those seaside girls. Tell him silly Milly sends my best respects. I must now close with fondest love</p>
<p>                    Your fond daughter</p>
<p>                        Milly</p>
<p>P. S. Excuse bad writing am in hurry. Byby.</p>
<p>                        M.<br />
<br />
</p>
<p>Fifteen yesterday. Curious, fifteenth of the month too. Her first birthday away from home. Separation. Remember the summer morning she was born, running to knock up Mrs Thornton in Denzille street. Jolly old woman. Lot of babies she must have helped into the world. She knew from the first poor little Rudy wouldn’t live. Well, God is good, sir. She knew at once. He would be eleven now if he had lived.</p>
<p>His vacant face stared pityingly at the postscript. Excuse bad writing. Hurry. Piano downstairs. Coming out of her shell. Row with her in the XL Café about the bracelet. Wouldn’t eat her cakes or speak or look. Saucebox. He sopped other dies of bread in the gravy and ate piece after piece of kidney. Twelve and six a week. Not much. Still, she might do worse. Music hall stage. Young student. He drank a draught of cooler tea to wash down his meal. Then he read the letter again: twice.</p>
<p>O, well: she knows how to mind herself. But if not? No, nothing has happened. Of course it might. Wait in any case till it does. A wild piece of goods. Her slim legs running up the staircase. Destiny. Ripening now. Vain: very.</p>
<p>He smiled with troubled affection at the kitchen window. Day I caught her in the street pinching her cheeks to make them red. Anemic a little. Was given milk too long. On the <em>Erin’s King</em> that day round the Kish. Damned old tub pitching about. Not a bit funky. Her pale blue scarf loose in the wind with her hair.</p>
<p>All dimpled cheeks and curls,<br />
Your head it simply swirls.</p>
<p>Seaside girls. Torn envelope. Hands stuck in his trousers’ pockets, jarvey off for the day, singing. Friend of the family. Swurls, he says. Pier with lamps, summer evening, band.</p>
<p>Those girls, those girls,<br />
Those lovely seaside girls.</p>
<p>Milly too. Young kisses: the first. Far away now past. Mrs Marion. Reading, lying back now, counting the strands of her hair, smiling, braiding.</p>
<p>A soft qualm, regret, flowed down his backbone, increasing. Will happen, yes. Prevent. Useless: can’t move. Girl’s sweet light lips. Will happen too. He felt the flowing qualm spread over him. Useless to move now. Lips kissed, kissing, kissed. Full gluey woman’s lips.</p>
<p>Better where she is down there: away. Occupy her. Wanted a dog to pass the time. Might take a trip down there. August bank holiday, only two and six return. Six weeks off, however. Might work a press pass. Or through M’Coy.</p>
<p>The cat, having cleaned all her fur, returned to the meatstained paper, nosed at it and stalked to the door. She looked back at him, mewing. Wants to go out. Wait before a door sometime it will open. Let her wait. Has the fidgets. Electric. Thunder in the air. Was washing at her ear with her back to the fire too.</p>
<p>He felt heavy, full: then a gentle loosening of his bowels. He stood up, undoing the waistband of his trousers. The cat mewed to him.</p>
<p>—Miaow! he said in answer. Wait till I’m ready.</p>
<p>Heaviness: hot day coming. Too much trouble to fag up the stairs to the landing.</p>
<p>A paper. He liked to read at stool. Hope no ape comes knocking just as I’m.</p>
<p>In the tabledrawer he found an old number of <em>Titbits</em>. He folded it under his armpit, went to the door and opened it. The cat went up in soft bounds. Ah, wanted to go upstairs, curl up in a ball on the bed.</p>
<p>Listening, he heard her voice:</p>
<p>—Come, come, pussy. Come.</p>
<p>He went out through the backdoor into the garden: stood to listen towards the next garden. No sound. Perhaps hanging clothes out to dry. The maid was in the garden. Fine morning.</p>
<p>He bent down to regard a lean file of spearmint growing by the wall. Make a summerhouse here. Scarlet runners. Virginia creepers. Want to manure the whole place over, scabby soil. A coat of liver of sulphur. All soil like that without dung. Household slops. Loam, what is this that is? The hens in the next garden: their droppings are very good top dressing. Best of all though are the cattle, especially when they are fed on those oilcakes. Mulch of dung. Best thing to clean ladies’ kid gloves. Dirty cleans. Ashes too. Reclaim the whole place. Grow peas in that corner there. Lettuce. Always have fresh greens then. Still gardens have their drawbacks. That bee or bluebottle here Whitmonday.</p>
<p>He walked on. Where is my hat, by the way? Must have put it back on the peg. Or hanging up on the floor. Funny I don’t remember that. Hallstand too full. Four umbrellas, her raincloak. Picking up the letters. Drago’s shopbell ringing. Queer I was just thinking that moment. Brown brillantined hair over his collar. Just had a wash and brushup. Wonder have I time for a bath this morning. Tara street. Chap in the paybox there got away James Stephens, they say. O’Brien.</p>
<p>Deep voice that fellow Dlugacz has. Agendath what is it? Now, my miss. Enthusiast.</p>
<p>He kicked open the crazy door of the jakes. Better be careful not to get these trousers dirty for the funeral. He went in, bowing his head under the low lintel. Leaving the door ajar, amid the stench of mouldy limewash and stale cobwebs he undid his braces. Before sitting down he peered through a chink up at the nextdoor windows. The king was in his countinghouse. Nobody.</p>
<p>Asquat on the cuckstool he folded out his paper, turning its pages over on his bared knees. Something new and easy. No great hurry. Keep it a bit. Our prize titbit: <em>Matcham’s Masterstroke</em>. Written by Mr Philip Beaufoy, Playgoers’ Club, London. Payment at the rate of one guinea a column has been made to the writer. Three and a half. Three pounds three. Three pounds, thirteen and six.</p>
<p>Quietly he read, restraining himself, the first column and, yielding but resisting, began the second. Midway, his last resistance yielding, he allowed his bowels to ease themselves quietly as he read, reading still patiently that slight constipation of yesterday quite gone. Hope it’s not too big bring on piles again. No, just right. So. Ah! Costive. One tabloid of cascara sagrada. Life might be so. It did not move or touch him but it was something quick and neat. Print anything now. Silly season. He read on, seated calm above his own rising smell. Neat certainly. <em>Matcham often thinks of the masterstroke by which he won the laughing witch who now</em>. Begins and ends morally. <em>Hand in hand</em>. Smart. He glanced back through what he had read and, while feeling his water flow quietly, he envied kindly Mr Beaufoy who had written it and received payment of three pounds, thirteen and six.</p>
<p>Might manage a sketch. By Mr and Mrs L. M. Bloom. Invent a story for some proverb. Which? Time I used to try jotting down on my cuff what she said dressing. Dislike dressing together. Nicked myself shaving. Biting her nether lip, hooking the placket of her skirt. Timing her. 9.15. Did Roberts pay you yet? 9.20. What had Gretta Conroy on? 9.23. What possessed me to buy this comb? 9.24. I’m swelled after that cabbage. A speck of dust on the patent leather of her boot.</p>
<p>Rubbing smartly in turn each welt against her stockinged calf. Morning after the bazaar dance when May’s band played Ponchielli’s dance of the hours. Explain that: morning hours, noon, then evening coming on, then night hours. Washing her teeth. That was the first night. Her head dancing. Her fansticks clicking. Is that Boylan well off? He has money. Why? I noticed he had a good rich smell off his breath dancing. No use humming then. Allude to it. Strange kind of music that last night. The mirror was in shadow. She rubbed her handglass briskly on her woollen vest against her full wagging bub. Peering into it. Lines in her eyes. It wouldn’t pan out somehow.</p>
<p>Evening hours, girls in grey gauze. Night hours then: black with daggers and eyemasks. Poetical idea: pink, then golden, then grey, then black. Still, true to life also. Day: then the night.</p>
<p>He tore away half the prize story sharply and wiped himself with it. Then he girded up his trousers, braced and buttoned himself. He pulled back the jerky shaky door of the jakes and came forth from the gloom into the air.</p>
<p>In the bright light, lightened and cooled in limb, he eyed carefully his black trousers: the ends, the knees, the houghs of the knees. What time is the funeral? Better find out in the paper.</p>
<p>A creak and a dark whirr in the air high up. The bells of George’s church. They tolled the hour: loud dark iron.</p>
<p>Heigho! Heigho!<br />
Heigho! Heigho!<br />
Heigho! Heigho!</p>
<p>Quarter to. There again: the overtone following through the air. A third.</p>
<p>Poor Dignam!</p>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-5.htm.html_chap05"></span>[ 5 ]</h3>
<p>By lorries along sir John Rogerson’s quay Mr Bloom walked soberly, past Windmill lane, Leask’s the linseed crusher, the postal telegraph office. Could have given that address too. And past the sailors’ home. He turned from the morning noises of the quayside and walked through Lime street. By Brady’s cottages a boy for the skins lolled, his bucket of offal linked, smoking a chewed fagbutt. A smaller girl with scars of eczema on her forehead eyed him, listlessly holding her battered caskhoop. Tell him if he smokes he won’t grow. O let him! His life isn’t such a bed of roses. Waiting outside pubs to bring da home. Come home to ma, da. Slack hour: won’t be many there. He crossed Townsend street, passed the frowning face of Bethel. El, yes: house of: Aleph, Beth. And past Nichols’ the undertaker. At eleven it is. Time enough. Daresay Corny Kelleher bagged the job for O’Neill’s. Singing with his eyes shut. Corny. Met her once in the park. In the dark. What a lark. Police tout. Her name and address she then told with my tooraloom tooraloom tay. O, surely he bagged it. Bury him cheap in a whatyoumaycall. With my tooraloom, tooraloom, tooraloom, tooraloom.</p>
<p>In Westland row he halted before the window of the Belfast and Oriental Tea Company and read the legends of leadpapered packets: choice blend, finest quality, family tea. Rather warm. Tea. Must get some from Tom Kernan. Couldn’t ask him at a funeral, though. While his eyes still read blandly he took off his hat quietly inhaling his hairoil and sent his right hand with slow grace over his brow and hair. Very warm morning. Under their dropped lids his eyes found the tiny bow of the leather headband inside his high grade ha. Just there. His right hand came down into the bowl of his hat. His fingers found quickly a card behind the headband and transferred it to his waistcoat pocket.</p>
<p>So warm. His right hand once more more slowly went over his brow and hair. Then he put on his hat again, relieved: and read again: choice blend, made of the finest Ceylon brands. The far east. Lovely spot it must be: the garden of the world, big lazy leaves to float about on, cactuses, flowery meads, snaky lianas they call them. Wonder is it like that. Those Cinghalese lobbing about in the sun in <em>dolce far niente</em>, not doing a hand’s turn all day. Sleep six months out of twelve. Too hot to quarrel. Influence of the climate. Lethargy. Flowers of idleness. The air feeds most. Azotes. Hothouse in Botanic gardens. Sensitive plants. Waterlilies. Petals too tired to. Sleeping sickness in the air. Walk on roseleaves. Imagine trying to eat tripe and cowheel. Where was the chap I saw in that picture somewhere? Ah yes, in the dead sea floating on his back, reading a book with a parasol open. Couldn’t sink if you tried: so thick with salt. Because the weight of the water, no, the weight of the body in the water is equal to the weight of the what? Or is it the volume is equal to the weight? It’s a law something like that. Vance in High school cracking his fingerjoints, teaching. The college curriculum. Cracking curriculum. What is weight really when you say the weight? Thirtytwo feet per second per second. Law of falling bodies: per second per second. They all fall to the ground. The earth. It’s the force of gravity of the earth is the weight.</p>
<p>He turned away and sauntered across the road. How did she walk with her sausages? Like that something. As he walked he took the folded <em>Freeman</em> from his sidepocket, unfolded it, rolled it lengthwise in a baton and tapped it at each sauntering step against his trouserleg. Careless air: just drop in to see. Per second per second. Per second for every second it means. From the curbstone he darted a keen glance through the door of the postoffice. Too late box. Post here. No-one. In.</p>
<p>He handed the card through the brass grill.</p>
<p>—Are there any letters for me? he asked.</p>
<p>While the postmistress searched a pigeonhole he gazed at the recruiting poster with soldiers of all arms on parade: and held the tip of his baton against his nostrils, smelling freshprinted rag paper. No answer probably. Went too far last time.</p>
<p>The postmistress handed him back through the grill his card with a letter. He thanked her and glanced rapidly at the typed envelope.</p>
<p>Henry Flower Esq,<br />
c/o P. O. Westland Row,<br />
            City.</p>
<p>Answered anyhow. He slipped card and letter into his sidepocket, reviewing again the soldiers on parade. Where’s old Tweedy’s regiment? Castoff soldier. There: bearskin cap and hackle plume. No, he’s a grenadier. Pointed cuffs. There he is: royal Dublin fusiliers. Redcoats. Too showy. That must be why the women go after them. Uniform. Easier to enlist and drill. Maud Gonne’s letter about taking them off O’Connell street at night: disgrace to our Irish capital. Griffith’s paper is on the same tack now: an army rotten with venereal disease: overseas or halfseasover empire. Half baked they look: hypnotised like. Eyes front. Mark time. Table: able. Bed: ed. The King’s own. Never see him dressed up as a fireman or a bobby. A mason, yes.</p>
<p>He strolled out of the postoffice and turned to the right. Talk: as if that would mend matters. His hand went into his pocket and a forefinger felt its way under the flap of the envelope, ripping it open in jerks. Women will pay a lot of heed, I don’t think. His fingers drew forth the letter the letter and crumpled the envelope in his pocket. Something pinned on: photo perhaps. Hair? No.</p>
<p>M’Coy. Get rid of him quickly. Take me out of my way. Hate company when you.</p>
<p>—Hello, Bloom. Where are you off to?</p>
<p>—Hello, M’Coy. Nowhere in particular.</p>
<p>—How’s the body?</p>
<p>—Fine. How are you?</p>
<p>—Just keeping alive, M’Coy said.</p>
<p>His eyes on the black tie and clothes he asked with low respect:</p>
<p>—Is there any... no trouble I hope? I see you’re...</p>
<p>—O, no, Mr Bloom said. Poor Dignam, you know. The funeral is today.</p>
<p>—To be sure, poor fellow. So it is. What time?</p>
<p>A photo it isn’t. A badge maybe.</p>
<p>—E...eleven, Mr Bloom answered.</p>
<p>—I must try to get out there, M’Coy said. Eleven, is it? I only heard it last night. Who was telling me? Holohan. You know Hoppy?</p>
<p>—I know.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom gazed across the road at the outsider drawn up before the door of the Grosvenor. The porter hoisted the valise up on the well. She stood still, waiting, while the man, husband, brother, like her, searched his pockets for change. Stylish kind of coat with that roll collar, warm for a day like this, looks like blanketcloth. Careless stand of her with her hands in those patch pockets. Like that haughty creature at the polo match. Women all for caste till you touch the spot. Handsome is and handsome does. Reserved about to yield. The honourable Mrs and Brutus is an honourable man. Possess her once take the starch out of her.</p>
<p>—I was with Bob Doran, he’s on one of his periodical bends, and what do you call him Bantam Lyons. Just down there in Conway’s we were.</p>
<p>Doran Lyons in Conway’s. She raised a gloved hand to her hair. In came Hoppy. Having a wet. Drawing back his head and gazing far from beneath his vailed eyelids he saw the bright fawn skin shine in the glare, the braided drums. Clearly I can see today. Moisture about gives long sight perhaps. Talking of one thing or another. Lady’s hand. Which side will she get up?</p>
<p>—And he said: <em>Sad thing about our poor friend Paddy! What Paddy?</em> I said. <em>Poor little Paddy Dignam</em>, he said.</p>
<p>Off to the country: Broadstone probably. High brown boots with laces dangling. Wellturned foot. What is he foostering over that change for? Sees me looking. Eye out for other fellow always. Good fallback. Two strings to her bow.</p>
<p>—<em>Why?</em> I said. <em>What’s wrong with him?</em> I said.</p>
<p>Proud: rich: silk stockings.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He moved a little to the side of M’Coy’s talking head. Getting up in a minute.</p>
<p>—<em>What’s wrong with him</em>? He said. <em>He’s dead</em>, he said. And, faith, he filled up. <em>Is it Paddy Dignam</em>? I said. I couldn’t believe it when I heard it. I was with him no later than Friday last or Thursday was it in the Arch. <em>Yes,</em> he said. <em>He’s gone. He died on Monday, poor fellow</em>.</p>
<p>Watch! Watch! Silk flash rich stockings white. Watch!</p>
<p>A heavy tramcar honking its gong slewed between.</p>
<p>Lost it. Curse your noisy pugnose. Feels locked out of it. Paradise and the peri. Always happening like that. The very moment. Girl in Eustace street hallway Monday was it settling her garter. Her friend covering the display of. <em>Esprit de corps</em>. Well, what are you gaping at?</p>
<p>—Yes, yes, Mr Bloom said after a dull sigh. Another gone.</p>
<p>—One of the best, M’Coy said.</p>
<p>The tram passed. They drove off towards the Loop Line bridge, her rich gloved hand on the steel grip. Flicker, flicker: the laceflare of her hat in the sun: flicker, flick.</p>
<p>—Wife well, I suppose? M’Coy’s changed voice said.</p>
<p>—O, yes, Mr Bloom said. Tiptop, thanks.</p>
<p>He unrolled the newspaper baton idly and read idly:</p>
<p>What is home without<br />
Plumtree’s Potted Meat?<br />
Incomplete.<br />
With it an abode of bliss.</p>
<p>—My missus has just got an engagement. At least it’s not settled yet.</p>
<p>Valise tack again. By the way no harm. I’m off that, thanks.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom turned his largelidded eyes with unhasty friendliness.</p>
<p>—My wife too, he said. She’s going to sing at a swagger affair in the Ulster Hall, Belfast, on the twentyfifth.</p>
<p>—That so? M’Coy said. Glad to hear that, old man. Who’s getting it up?</p>
<p>Mrs Marion Bloom. Not up yet. Queen was in her bedroom eating bread and. No book. Blackened court cards laid along her thigh by sevens. Dark lady and fair man. Letter. Cat furry black ball. Torn strip of envelope.</p>
<p>Love’s<br />
Old<br />
Sweet<br />
Song<br />
Comes lo-ove’s old...</p>
<p>—It’s a kind of a tour, don’t you see, Mr Bloom said thoughtfully. <em>Sweeeet song</em>. There’s a committee formed. Part shares and part profits.</p>
<p>M’Coy nodded, picking at his moustache stubble.</p>
<p>—O, well, he said. That’s good news.</p>
<p>He moved to go.</p>
<p>—Well, glad to see you looking fit, he said. Meet you knocking around.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>—Tell you what, M’Coy said. You might put down my name at the funeral, will you? I’d like to go but I mightn’t be able, you see. There’s a drowning case at Sandycove may turn up and then the coroner and myself would have to go down if the body is found. You just shove in my name if I’m not there, will you?</p>
<p>—I’ll do that, Mr Bloom said, moving to get off. That’ll be all right.</p>
<p>—Right, M’Coy said brightly. Thanks, old man. I’d go if I possibly could. Well, tolloll. Just C. P. M’Coy will do.</p>
<p>—That will be done, Mr Bloom answered firmly.</p>
<p>Didn’t catch me napping that wheeze. The quick touch. Soft mark. I’d like my job. Valise I have a particular fancy for. Leather. Capped corners, rivetted edges, double action lever lock. Bob Cowley lent him his for the Wicklow regatta concert last year and never heard tidings of it from that good day to this.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, strolling towards Brunswick street, smiled. My missus has just got an. Reedy freckled soprano. Cheeseparing nose. Nice enough in its way: for a little ballad. No guts in it. You and me, don’t you know: in the same boat. Softsoaping. Give you the needle that would. Can’t he hear the difference? Think he’s that way inclined a bit. Against my grain somehow. Thought that Belfast would fetch him. I hope that smallpox up there doesn’t get worse. Suppose she wouldn’t let herself be vaccinated again. Your wife and my wife.</p>
<p>Wonder is he pimping after me?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom stood at the corner, his eyes wandering over the multicoloured hoardings. Cantrell and Cochrane’s Ginger Ale (Aromatic). Clery’s Summer Sale. No, he’s going on straight. Hello. <em>Leah</em> tonight. Mrs Bandmann Palmer. Like to see her again in that. <em>Hamlet</em> she played last night. Male impersonator. Perhaps he was a woman. Why Ophelia committed suicide. Poor papa! How he used to talk of Kate Bateman in that. Outside the Adelphi in London waited all the afternoon to get in. Year before I was born that was: sixtyfive. And Ristori in Vienna. What is this the right name is? By Mosenthal it is. Rachel, is it? No. The scene he was always talking about where the old blind Abraham recognises the voice and puts his fingers on his face.</p>
<p>Nathan’s voice! His son’s voice! I hear the voice of Nathan who left his father to die of grief and misery in my arms, who left the house of his father and left the God of his father.</p>
<p>Every word is so deep, Leopold.</p>
<p>Poor papa! Poor man! I’m glad I didn’t go into the room to look at his face. That day! O, dear! O, dear! Ffoo! Well, perhaps it was best for him.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom went round the corner and passed the drooping nags of the hazard. No use thinking of it any more. Nosebag time. Wish I hadn’t met that M’Coy fellow.</p>
<p>He came nearer and heard a crunching of gilded oats, the gently champing teeth. Their full buck eyes regarded him as he went by, amid the sweet oaten reek of horsepiss. Their Eldorado. Poor jugginses! Damn all they know or care about anything with their long noses stuck in nosebags. Too full for words. Still they get their feed all right and their doss. Gelded too: a stump of black guttapercha wagging limp between their haunches. Might be happy all the same that way. Good poor brutes they look. Still their neigh can be very irritating.</p>
<p>He drew the letter from his pocket and folded it into the newspaper he carried. Might just walk into her here. The lane is safer.</p>
<p>He passed the cabman’s shelter. Curious the life of drifting cabbies. All weathers, all places, time or setdown, no will of their own. <em>Voglio e non</em>. Like to give them an odd cigarette. Sociable. Shout a few flying syllables as they pass. He hummed:</p>
<p>Là ci darem la mano<br />
La la lala la la.</p>
<p>He turned into Cumberland street and, going on some paces, halted in the lee of the station wall. No-one. Meade’s timberyard. Piled balks. Ruins and tenements. With careful tread he passed over a hopscotch court with its forgotten pickeystone. Not a sinner. Near the timberyard a squatted child at marbles, alone, shooting the taw with a cunnythumb. A wise tabby, a blinking sphinx, watched from her warm sill. Pity to disturb them. Mohammed cut a piece out of his mantle not to wake her. Open it. And once I played marbles when I went to that old dame’s school. She liked mignonette. Mrs Ellis’s. And Mr? He opened the letter within the newspaper.</p>
<p>A flower. I think it’s a. A yellow flower with flattened petals. Not annoyed then? What does she say?<br />
<br />
</p>
<p>Dear Henry</p>
<p>I got your last letter to me and thank you very much for it. I am sorry you did not like my last letter. Why did you enclose the stamps? I am awfully angry with you. I do wish I could punish you for that. I called you naughty boy because I do not like that other world. Please tell me what is the real meaning of that word? Are you not happy in your home you poor little naughty boy? I do wish I could do something for you. Please tell me what you think of poor me. I often think of the beautiful name you have. Dear Henry, when will we meet? I think of you so often you have no idea. I have never felt myself so much drawn to a man as you. I feel so bad about. Please write me a long letter and tell me more. Remember if you do not I will punish you. So now you know what I will do to you, you naughty boy, if you do not wrote. O how I long to meet you. Henry dear, do not deny my request before my patience are exhausted. Then I will tell you all. Goodbye now, naughty darling, I have such a bad headache. today. and write <em>by return</em> to your longing</p>
<p>Martha</p>
<p>P. S. Do tell me what kind of perfume does your wife use. I want to know.<br />
<br />
</p>
<p>He tore the flower gravely from its pinhold smelt its almost no smell and placed it in his heart pocket. Language of flowers. They like it because no-one can hear. Or a poison bouquet to strike him down. Then walking slowly forward he read the letter again, murmuring here and there a word. Angry tulips with you darling manflower punish your cactus if you don’t please poor forgetmenot how I long violets to dear roses when we soon anemone meet all naughty nightstalk wife Martha’s perfume. Having read it all he took it from the newspaper and put it back in his sidepocket.</p>
<p>Weak joy opened his lips. Changed since the first letter. Wonder did she wrote it herself. Doing the indignant: a girl of good family like me, respectable character. Could meet one Sunday after the rosary. Thank you: not having any. Usual love scrimmage. Then running round corners. Bad as a row with Molly. Cigar has a cooling effect. Narcotic. Go further next time. Naughty boy: punish: afraid of words, of course. Brutal, why not? Try it anyhow. A bit at a time.</p>
<p>Fingering still the letter in his pocket he drew the pin out of it. Common pin, eh? He threw it on the road. Out of her clothes somewhere: pinned together. Queer the number of pins they always have. No roses without thorns.</p>
<p>Flat Dublin voices bawled in his head. Those two sluts that night in the Coombe, linked together in the rain.</p>
<p>O, Mairy lost the pin of her drawers.<br />
She didn’t know what to do<br />
To keep it up,<br />
To keep it up.</p>
<p>It? Them. Such a bad headache. Has her roses probably. Or sitting all day typing. Eyefocus bad for stomach nerves. What perfume does your wife use. Now could you make out a thing like that?</p>
<p>To keep it up.</p>
<p>Martha, Mary. I saw that picture somewhere I forget now old master or faked for money. He is sitting in their house, talking. Mysterious. Also the two sluts in the Coombe would listen.</p>
<p>To keep it up.</p>
<p>Nice kind of evening feeling. No more wandering about. Just loll there: quiet dusk: let everything rip. Forget. Tell about places you have been, strange customs. The other one, jar on her head, was getting the supper: fruit, olives, lovely cool water out of a well, stonecold like the hole in the wall at Ashtown. Must carry a paper goblet next time I go to the trottingmatches. She listens with big dark soft eyes. Tell her: more and more: all. Then a sigh: silence. Long long long rest.</p>
<p>Going under the railway arch he took out the envelope, tore it swiftly in shreds and scattered them towards the road. The shreds fluttered away, sank in the dank air: a white flutter, then all sank.</p>
<p>Henry Flower. You could tear up a cheque for a hundred pounds in the same way. Simple bit of paper. Lord Iveagh once cashed a sevenfigure cheque for a million in the bank of Ireland. Shows you the money to be made out of porter. Still the other brother lord Ardilaun has to change his shirt four times a day, they say. Skin breeds lice or vermin. A million pounds, wait a moment. Twopence a pint, fourpence a quart, eightpence a gallon of porter, no, one and fourpence a gallon of porter. One and four into twenty: fifteen about. Yes, exactly. Fifteen millions of barrels of porter.</p>
<p>What am I saying barrels? Gallons. About a million barrels all the same.</p>
<p>An incoming train clanked heavily above his head, coach after coach. Barrels bumped in his head: dull porter slopped and churned inside. The bungholes sprang open and a huge dull flood leaked out, flowing together, winding through mudflats all over the level land, a lazy pooling swirl of liquor bearing along wideleaved flowers of its froth.</p>
<p>He had reached the open backdoor of All Hallows. Stepping into the porch he doffed his hat, took the card from his pocket and tucked it again behind the leather headband. Damn it. I might have tried to work M’Coy for a pass to Mullingar.</p>
<p>Same notice on the door. Sermon by the very reverend John Conmee S. J. on saint Peter Claver S. J. and the African Mission. Prayers for the conversion of Gladstone they had too when he was almost unconscious. The protestants are the same. Convert Dr William J. Walsh D.D. to the true religion. Save China’s millions. Wonder how they explain it to the heathen Chinee. Prefer an ounce of opium. Celestials. Rank heresy for them. Buddha their god lying on his side in the museum. Taking it easy with hand under his cheek. Josssticks burning. Not like Ecce Homo. Crown of thorns and cross. Clever idea Saint Patrick the shamrock. Chopsticks? Conmee: Martin Cunningham knows him: distinguishedlooking. Sorry I didn’t work him about getting Molly into the choir instead of that Father Farley who looked a fool but wasn’t. They’re taught that. He’s not going out in bluey specs with the sweat rolling off him to baptise blacks, is he? The glasses would take their fancy, flashing. Like to see them sitting round in a ring with blub lips, entranced, listening. Still life. Lap it up like milk, I suppose.</p>
<p>The cold smell of sacred stone called him. He trod the worn steps, pushed the swingdoor and entered softly by the rere.</p>
<p>Something going on: some sodality. Pity so empty. Nice discreet place to be next some girl. Who is my neighbour? Jammed by the hour to slow music. That woman at midnight mass. Seventh heaven. Women knelt in the benches with crimson halters round their necks, heads bowed. A batch knelt at the altarrails. The priest went along by them, murmuring, holding the thing in his hands. He stopped at each, took out a communion, shook a drop or two (are they in water?) off it and put it neatly into her mouth. Her hat and head sank. Then the next one. Her hat sank at once. Then the next one: a small old woman. The priest bent down to put it into her mouth, murmuring all the time. Latin. The next one. Shut your eyes and open your mouth. What? <em>Corpus:</em> body. Corpse. Good idea the Latin. Stupefies them first. Hospice for the dying. They don’t seem to chew it: only swallow it down. Rum idea: eating bits of a corpse. Why the cannibals cotton to it.</p>
<p>He stood aside watching their blind masks pass down the aisle, one by one, and seek their places. He approached a bench and seated himself in its corner, nursing his hat and newspaper. These pots we have to wear. We ought to have hats modelled on our heads. They were about him here and there, with heads still bowed in their crimson halters, waiting for it to melt in their stomachs. Something like those mazzoth: it’s that sort of bread: unleavened shewbread. Look at them. Now I bet it makes them feel happy. Lollipop. It does. Yes, bread of angels it’s called. There’s a big idea behind it, kind of kingdom of God is within you feel. First communicants. Hokypoky penny a lump. Then feel all like one family party, same in the theatre, all in the same swim. They do. I’m sure of that. Not so lonely. In our confraternity. Then come out a bit spreeish. Let off steam. Thing is if you really believe in it. Lourdes cure, waters of oblivion, and the Knock apparition, statues bleeding. Old fellow asleep near that confessionbox. Hence those snores. Blind faith. Safe in the arms of kingdom come. Lulls all pain. Wake this time next year.</p>
<p>He saw the priest stow the communion cup away, well in, and kneel an instant before it, showing a large grey bootsole from under the lace affair he had on. Suppose he lost the pin of his. He wouldn’t know what to do to. Bald spot behind. Letters on his back: I.N.R.I? No: I.H.S. Molly told me one time I asked her. I have sinned: or no: I have suffered, it is. And the other one? Iron nails ran in.</p>
<p>Meet one Sunday after the rosary. Do not deny my request. Turn up with a veil and black bag. Dusk and the light behind her. She might be here with a ribbon round her neck and do the other thing all the same on the sly. Their character. That fellow that turned queen’s evidence on the invincibles he used to receive the, Carey was his name, the communion every morning. This very church. Peter Carey, yes. No, Peter Claver I am thinking of. Denis Carey. And just imagine that. Wife and six children at home. And plotting that murder all the time. Those crawthumpers, now that’s a good name for them, there’s always something shiftylooking about them. They’re not straight men of business either. O, no, she’s not here: the flower: no, no. By the way, did I tear up that envelope? Yes: under the bridge.</p>
<p>The priest was rinsing out the chalice: then he tossed off the dregs smartly. Wine. Makes it more aristocratic than for example if he drank what they are used to Guinness’s porter or some temperance beverage Wheatley’s Dublin hop bitters or Cantrell and Cochrane’s ginger ale (aromatic). Doesn’t give them any of it: shew wine: only the other. Cold comfort. Pious fraud but quite right: otherwise they’d have one old booser worse than another coming along, cadging for a drink. Queer the whole atmosphere of the. Quite right. Perfectly right that is.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom looked back towards the choir. Not going to be any music. Pity. Who has the organ here I wonder? Old Glynn he knew how to make that instrument talk, the <em>vibrato</em>: fifty pounds a year they say he had in Gardiner street. Molly was in fine voice that day, the <em>Stabat Mater</em> of Rossini. Father Bernard Vaughan’s sermon first. Christ or Pilate? Christ, but don’t keep us all night over it. Music they wanted. Footdrill stopped. Could hear a pin drop. I told her to pitch her voice against that corner. I could feel the thrill in the air, the full, the people looking up:</p>
<p><em>Quis est homo.</em></p>
<p>Some of that old sacred music splendid. Mercadante: seven last words. Mozart’s twelfth mass: <em>Gloria</em> in that. Those old popes keen on music, on art and statues and pictures of all kinds. Palestrina for example too. They had a gay old time while it lasted. Healthy too, chanting, regular hours, then brew liqueurs. Benedictine. Green Chartreuse. Still, having eunuchs in their choir that was coming it a bit thick. What kind of voice is it? Must be curious to hear after their own strong basses. Connoisseurs. Suppose they wouldn’t feel anything after. Kind of a placid. No worry. Fall into flesh, don’t they? Gluttons, tall, long legs. Who knows? Eunuch. One way out of it.</p>
<p>He saw the priest bend down and kiss the altar and then face about and bless all the people. All crossed themselves and stood up. Mr Bloom glanced about him and then stood up, looking over the risen hats. Stand up at the gospel of course. Then all settled down on their knees again and he sat back quietly in his bench. The priest came down from the altar, holding the thing out from him, and he and the massboy answered each other in Latin. Then the priest knelt down and began to read off a card:</p>
<p>—O God, our refuge and our strength...</p>
<p>Mr Bloom put his face forward to catch the words. English. Throw them the bone. I remember slightly. How long since your last mass? Glorious and immaculate virgin. Joseph, her spouse. Peter and Paul. More interesting if you understood what it was all about. Wonderful organisation certainly, goes like clockwork. Confession. Everyone wants to. Then I will tell you all. Penance. Punish me, please. Great weapon in their hands. More than doctor or solicitor. Woman dying to. And I schschschschschsch. And did you chachachachacha? And why did you? Look down at her ring to find an excuse. Whispering gallery walls have ears. Husband learn to his surprise. God’s little joke. Then out she comes. Repentance skindeep. Lovely shame. Pray at an altar. Hail Mary and Holy Mary. Flowers, incense, candles melting. Hide her blushes. Salvation army blatant imitation. Reformed prostitute will address the meeting. How I found the Lord. Squareheaded chaps those must be in Rome: they work the whole show. And don’t they rake in the money too? Bequests also: to the P.P. for the time being in his absolute discretion. Masses for the repose of my soul to be said publicly with open doors. Monasteries and convents. The priest in that Fermanagh will case in the witnessbox. No browbeating him. He had his answer pat for everything. Liberty and exaltation of our holy mother the church. The doctors of the church: they mapped out the whole theology of it.</p>
<p>The priest prayed:</p>
<p>—Blessed Michael, archangel, defend us in the hour of conflict. Be our safeguard against the wickedness and snares of the devil (may God restrain him, we humbly pray!): and do thou, O prince of the heavenly host, by the power of God thrust Satan down to hell and with him those other wicked spirits who wander through the world for the ruin of souls.</p>
<p>The priest and the massboy stood up and walked off. All over. The women remained behind: thanksgiving.</p>
<p>Better be shoving along. Brother Buzz. Come around with the plate perhaps. Pay your Easter duty.</p>
<p>He stood up. Hello. Were those two buttons of my waistcoat open all the time? Women enjoy it. Never tell you. But we. Excuse, miss, there’s a (whh!) just a (whh!) fluff. Or their skirt behind, placket unhooked. Glimpses of the moon. Annoyed if you don’t. Why didn’t you tell me before. Still like you better untidy. Good job it wasn’t farther south. He passed, discreetly buttoning, down the aisle and out through the main door into the light. He stood a moment unseeing by the cold black marble bowl while before him and behind two worshippers dipped furtive hands in the low tide of holy water. Trams: a car of Prescott’s dyeworks: a widow in her weeds. Notice because I’m in mourning myself. He covered himself. How goes the time? Quarter past. Time enough yet. Better get that lotion made up. Where is this? Ah yes, the last time. Sweny’s in Lincoln place. Chemists rarely move. Their green and gold beaconjars too heavy to stir. Hamilton Long’s, founded in the year of the flood. Huguenot churchyard near there. Visit some day.</p>
<p>He walked southward along Westland row. But the recipe is in the other trousers. O, and I forgot that latchkey too. Bore this funeral affair. O well, poor fellow, it’s not his fault. When was it I got it made up last? Wait. I changed a sovereign I remember. First of the month it must have been or the second. O, he can look it up in the prescriptions book.</p>
<p>The chemist turned back page after page. Sandy shrivelled smell he seems to have. Shrunken skull. And old. Quest for the philosopher’s stone. The alchemists. Drugs age you after mental excitement. Lethargy then. Why? Reaction. A lifetime in a night. Gradually changes your character. Living all the day among herbs, ointments, disinfectants. All his alabaster lilypots. Mortar and pestle. Aq. Dist. Fol. Laur. Te Virid. Smell almost cure you like the dentist’s doorbell. Doctor Whack. He ought to physic himself a bit. Electuary or emulsion. The first fellow that picked an herb to cure himself had a bit of pluck. Simples. Want to be careful. Enough stuff here to chloroform you. Test: turns blue litmus paper red. Chloroform. Overdose of laudanum. Sleeping draughts. Lovephiltres. Paragoric poppysyrup bad for cough. Clogs the pores or the phlegm. Poisons the only cures. Remedy where you least expect it. Clever of nature.</p>
<p>—About a fortnight ago, sir?</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He waited by the counter, inhaling slowly the keen reek of drugs, the dusty dry smell of sponges and loofahs. Lot of time taken up telling your aches and pains.</p>
<p>—Sweet almond oil and tincture of benzoin, Mr Bloom said, and then orangeflower water...</p>
<p>It certainly did make her skin so delicate white like wax.</p>
<p>—And white wax also, he said.</p>
<p>Brings out the darkness of her eyes. Looking at me, the sheet up to her eyes, Spanish, smelling herself, when I was fixing the links in my cuffs. Those homely recipes are often the best: strawberries for the teeth: nettles and rainwater: oatmeal they say steeped in buttermilk. Skinfood. One of the old queen’s sons, duke of Albany was it? had only one skin. Leopold, yes. Three we have. Warts, bunions and pimples to make it worse. But you want a perfume too. What perfume does your? <em>Peau d’Espagne</em>. That orangeflower water is so fresh. Nice smell these soaps have. Pure curd soap. Time to get a bath round the corner. Hammam. Turkish. Massage. Dirt gets rolled up in your navel. Nicer if a nice girl did it. Also I think I. Yes I. Do it in the bath. Curious longing I. Water to water. Combine business with pleasure. Pity no time for massage. Feel fresh then all the day. Funeral be rather glum.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, the chemist said. That was two and nine. Have you brought a bottle?</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said. Make it up, please. I’ll call later in the day and I’ll take one of these soaps. How much are they?</p>
<p>—Fourpence, sir.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom raised a cake to his nostrils. Sweet lemony wax.</p>
<p>—I’ll take this one, he said. That makes three and a penny.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, the chemist said. You can pay all together, sir, when you come back.</p>
<p>—Good, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He strolled out of the shop, the newspaper baton under his armpit, the coolwrappered soap in his left hand.</p>
<p>At his armpit Bantam Lyons’ voice and hand said:</p>
<p>—Hello, Bloom. What’s the best news? Is that today’s? Show us a minute.</p>
<p>Shaved off his moustache again, by Jove! Long cold upper lip. To look younger. He does look balmy. Younger than I am.</p>
<p>Bantam Lyons’s yellow blacknailed fingers unrolled the baton. Wants a wash too. Take off the rough dirt. Good morning, have you used Pears’ soap? Dandruff on his shoulders. Scalp wants oiling.</p>
<p>—I want to see about that French horse that’s running today, Bantam Lyons said. Where the bugger is it?</p>
<p>He rustled the pleated pages, jerking his chin on his high collar. Barber’s itch. Tight collar he’ll lose his hair. Better leave him the paper and get shut of him.</p>
<p>—You can keep it, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>—Ascot. Gold cup. Wait, Bantam Lyons muttered. Half a mo. Maximum the second.</p>
<p>—I was just going to throw it away, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>Bantam Lyons raised his eyes suddenly and leered weakly.</p>
<p>—What’s that? his sharp voice said.</p>
<p>—I say you can keep it, Mr Bloom answered. I was going to throw it away that moment.</p>
<p>Bantam Lyons doubted an instant, leering: then thrust the outspread sheets back on Mr Bloom’s arms.</p>
<p>—I’ll risk it, he said. Here, thanks.</p>
<p>He sped off towards Conway’s corner. God speed scut.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom folded the sheets again to a neat square and lodged the soap in it, smiling. Silly lips of that chap. Betting. Regular hotbed of it lately. Messenger boys stealing to put on sixpence. Raffle for large tender turkey. Your Christmas dinner for threepence. Jack Fleming embezzling to gamble then smuggled off to America. Keeps a hotel now. They never come back. Fleshpots of Egypt.</p>
<p>He walked cheerfully towards the mosque of the baths. Remind you of a mosque, redbaked bricks, the minarets. College sports today I see. He eyed the horseshoe poster over the gate of college park: cyclist doubled up like a cod in a pot. Damn bad ad. Now if they had made it round like a wheel. Then the spokes: sports, sports, sports: and the hub big: college. Something to catch the eye.</p>
<p>There’s Hornblower standing at the porter’s lodge. Keep him on hands: might take a turn in there on the nod. How do you do, Mr Hornblower? How do you do, sir?</p>
<p>Heavenly weather really. If life was always like that. Cricket weather. Sit around under sunshades. Over after over. Out. They can’t play it here. Duck for six wickets. Still Captain Culler broke a window in the Kildare street club with a slog to square leg. Donnybrook fair more in their line. And the skulls we were acracking when M’Carthy took the floor. Heatwave. Won’t last. Always passing, the stream of life, which in the stream of life we trace is dearer than them all.</p>
<p>Enjoy a bath now: clean trough of water, cool enamel, the gentle tepid stream. This is my body.</p>
<p>He foresaw his pale body reclined in it at full, naked, in a womb of warmth, oiled by scented melting soap, softly laved. He saw his trunk and limbs riprippled over and sustained, buoyed lightly upward, lemonyellow: his navel, bud of flesh: and saw the dark tangled curls of his bush floating, floating hair of the stream around the limp father of thousands, a languid floating flower.</p>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-6.htm.html_chap06"></span>[ 6 ]</h3>
<p>Martin Cunningham, first, poked his silkhatted head into the creaking carriage and, entering deftly, seated himself. Mr Power stepped in after him, curving his height with care.</p>
<p>—Come on, Simon.</p>
<p>—After you, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus covered himself quickly and got in, saying:</p>
<p>—Yes, yes.</p>
<p>—Are we all here now? Martin Cunningham asked. Come along, Bloom.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom entered and sat in the vacant place. He pulled the door to after him and slammed it twice till it shut tight. He passed an arm through the armstrap and looked seriously from the open carriagewindow at the lowered blinds of the avenue. One dragged aside: an old woman peeping. Nose whiteflattened against the pane. Thanking her stars she was passed over. Extraordinary the interest they take in a corpse. Glad to see us go we give them such trouble coming. Job seems to suit them. Huggermugger in corners. Slop about in slipperslappers for fear he’d wake. Then getting it ready. Laying it out. Molly and Mrs Fleming making the bed. Pull it more to your side. Our windingsheet. Never know who will touch you dead. Wash and shampoo. I believe they clip the nails and the hair. Keep a bit in an envelope. Grows all the same after. Unclean job.</p>
<p>All waited. Nothing was said. Stowing in the wreaths probably. I am sitting on something hard. Ah, that soap: in my hip pocket. Better shift it out of that. Wait for an opportunity.</p>
<p>All waited. Then wheels were heard from in front, turning: then nearer: then horses’ hoofs. A jolt. Their carriage began to move, creaking and swaying. Other hoofs and creaking wheels started behind. The blinds of the avenue passed and number nine with its craped knocker, door ajar. At walking pace.</p>
<p>They waited still, their knees jogging, till they had turned and were passing along the tramtracks. Tritonville road. Quicker. The wheels rattled rolling over the cobbled causeway and the crazy glasses shook rattling in the doorframes.</p>
<p>—What way is he taking us? Mr Power asked through both windows.</p>
<p>—Irishtown, Martin Cunningham said. Ringsend. Brunswick street.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus nodded, looking out.</p>
<p>—That’s a fine old custom, he said. I am glad to see it has not died out.</p>
<p>All watched awhile through their windows caps and hats lifted by passers. Respect. The carriage swerved from the tramtrack to the smoother road past Watery lane. Mr Bloom at gaze saw a lithe young man, clad in mourning, a wide hat.</p>
<p>—There’s a friend of yours gone by, Dedalus, he said.</p>
<p>—Who is that?</p>
<p>—Your son and heir.</p>
<p>—Where is he? Mr Dedalus said, stretching over across.</p>
<p>The carriage, passing the open drains and mounds of rippedup roadway before the tenement houses, lurched round the corner and, swerving back to the tramtrack, rolled on noisily with chattering wheels. Mr Dedalus fell back, saying:</p>
<p>—Was that Mulligan cad with him? His <em>fidus Achates</em>!</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said. He was alone.</p>
<p>—Down with his aunt Sally, I suppose, Mr Dedalus said, the Goulding faction, the drunken little costdrawer and Crissie, papa’s little lump of dung, the wise child that knows her own father.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom smiled joylessly on Ringsend road. Wallace Bros: the bottleworks: Dodder bridge.</p>
<p>Richie Goulding and the legal bag. Goulding, Collis and Ward he calls the firm. His jokes are getting a bit damp. Great card he was. Waltzing in Stamer street with Ignatius Gallaher on a Sunday morning, the landlady’s two hats pinned on his head. Out on the rampage all night. Beginning to tell on him now: that backache of his, I fear. Wife ironing his back. Thinks he’ll cure it with pills. All breadcrumbs they are. About six hundred per cent profit.</p>
<p>—He’s in with a lowdown crowd, Mr Dedalus snarled. That Mulligan is a contaminated bloody doubledyed ruffian by all accounts. His name stinks all over Dublin. But with the help of God and His blessed mother I’ll make it my business to write a letter one of those days to his mother or his aunt or whatever she is that will open her eye as wide as a gate. I’ll tickle his catastrophe, believe you me.</p>
<p>He cried above the clatter of the wheels:</p>
<p>—I won’t have her bastard of a nephew ruin my son. A counterjumper’s son. Selling tapes in my cousin, Peter Paul M’Swiney’s. Not likely.</p>
<p>He ceased. Mr Bloom glanced from his angry moustache to Mr Power’s mild face and Martin Cunningham’s eyes and beard, gravely shaking. Noisy selfwilled man. Full of his son. He is right. Something to hand on. If little Rudy had lived. See him grow up. Hear his voice in the house. Walking beside Molly in an Eton suit. My son. Me in his eyes. Strange feeling it would be. From me. Just a chance. Must have been that morning in Raymond terrace she was at the window watching the two dogs at it by the wall of the cease to do evil. And the sergeant grinning up. She had that cream gown on with the rip she never stitched. Give us a touch, Poldy. God, I’m dying for it. How life begins.</p>
<p>Got big then. Had to refuse the Greystones concert. My son inside her. I could have helped him on in life. I could. Make him independent. Learn German too.</p>
<p>—Are we late? Mr Power asked.</p>
<p>—Ten minutes, Martin Cunningham said, looking at his watch.</p>
<p>Molly. Milly. Same thing watered down. Her tomboy oaths. O jumping Jupiter! Ye gods and little fishes! Still, she’s a dear girl. Soon be a woman. Mullingar. Dearest Papli. Young student. Yes, yes: a woman too. Life, life.</p>
<p>The carriage heeled over and back, their four trunks swaying.</p>
<p>—Corny might have given us a more commodious yoke, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—He might, Mr Dedalus said, if he hadn’t that squint troubling him. Do you follow me?</p>
<p>He closed his left eye. Martin Cunningham began to brush away crustcrumbs from under his thighs.</p>
<p>—What is this, he said, in the name of God? Crumbs?</p>
<p>—Someone seems to have been making a picnic party here lately, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>All raised their thighs and eyed with disfavour the mildewed buttonless leather of the seats. Mr Dedalus, twisting his nose, frowned downward and said:</p>
<p>—Unless I’m greatly mistaken. What do you think, Martin?</p>
<p>—It struck me too, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom set his thigh down. Glad I took that bath. Feel my feet quite clean. But I wish Mrs Fleming had darned these socks better.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus sighed resignedly.</p>
<p>—After all, he said, it’s the most natural thing in the world.</p>
<p>—Did Tom Kernan turn up? Martin Cunningham asked, twirling the peak of his beard gently.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom answered. He’s behind with Ned Lambert and Hynes.</p>
<p>—And Corny Kelleher himself? Mr Power asked.</p>
<p>—At the cemetery, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>—I met M’Coy this morning, Mr Bloom said. He said he’d try to come.</p>
<p>The carriage halted short.</p>
<p>—What’s wrong?</p>
<p>—We’re stopped.</p>
<p>—Where are we?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom put his head out of the window.</p>
<p>—The grand canal, he said.</p>
<p>Gasworks. Whooping cough they say it cures. Good job Milly never got it. Poor children! Doubles them up black and blue in convulsions. Shame really. Got off lightly with illnesses compared. Only measles. Flaxseed tea. Scarlatina, influenza epidemics. Canvassing for death. Don’t miss this chance. Dogs’ home over there. Poor old Athos! Be good to Athos, Leopold, is my last wish. Thy will be done. We obey them in the grave. A dying scrawl. He took it to heart, pined away. Quiet brute. Old men’s dogs usually are.</p>
<p>A raindrop spat on his hat. He drew back and saw an instant of shower spray dots over the grey flags. Apart. Curious. Like through a colander. I thought it would. My boots were creaking I remember now.</p>
<p>—The weather is changing, he said quietly.</p>
<p>—A pity it did not keep up fine, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>—Wanted for the country, Mr Power said. There’s the sun again coming out.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus, peering through his glasses towards the veiled sun, hurled a mute curse at the sky.</p>
<p>—It’s as uncertain as a child’s bottom, he said.</p>
<p>—We’re off again.</p>
<p>The carriage turned again its stiff wheels and their trunks swayed gently. Martin Cunningham twirled more quickly the peak of his beard.</p>
<p>—Tom Kernan was immense last night, he said. And Paddy Leonard taking him off to his face.</p>
<p>—O, draw him out, Martin, Mr Power said eagerly. Wait till you hear him, Simon, on Ben Dollard’s singing of <em>The Croppy Boy</em>.</p>
<p>—Immense, Martin Cunningham said pompously. <em>His singing of that simple ballad, Martin, is the most trenchant rendering I ever heard in the whole course of my experience.</em></p>
<p>—Trenchant, Mr Power said laughing. He’s dead nuts on that. And the retrospective arrangement.</p>
<p>—Did you read Dan Dawson’s speech? Martin Cunningham asked.</p>
<p>—I did not then, Mr Dedalus said. Where is it?</p>
<p>—In the paper this morning.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom took the paper from his inside pocket. That book I must change for her.</p>
<p>—No, no, Mr Dedalus said quickly. Later on please.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom’s glance travelled down the edge of the paper, scanning the deaths: Callan, Coleman, Dignam, Fawcett, Lowry, Naumann, Peake, what Peake is that? is it the chap was in Crosbie and Alleyne’s? no, Sexton, Urbright. Inked characters fast fading on the frayed breaking paper. Thanks to the Little Flower. Sadly missed. To the inexpressible grief of his. Aged 88 after a long and tedious illness. Month’s mind: Quinlan. On whose soul Sweet Jesus have mercy.</p>
<p>It is now a month since dear Henry fled<br />
To his home up above in the sky<br />
While his family weeps and mourns his loss<br />
Hoping some day to meet him on high.</p>
<p>I tore up the envelope? Yes. Where did I put her letter after I read it in the bath? He patted his waistcoatpocket. There all right. Dear Henry fled. Before my patience are exhausted.</p>
<p>National school. Meade’s yard. The hazard. Only two there now. Nodding. Full as a tick. Too much bone in their skulls. The other trotting round with a fare. An hour ago I was passing there. The jarvies raised their hats.</p>
<p>A pointsman’s back straightened itself upright suddenly against a tramway standard by Mr Bloom’s window. Couldn’t they invent something automatic so that the wheel itself much handier? Well but that fellow would lose his job then? Well but then another fellow would get a job making the new invention?</p>
<p>Antient concert rooms. Nothing on there. A man in a buff suit with a crape armlet. Not much grief there. Quarter mourning. People in law perhaps.</p>
<p>They went past the bleak pulpit of saint Mark’s, under the railway bridge, past the Queen’s theatre: in silence. Hoardings: Eugene Stratton, Mrs Bandmann Palmer. Could I go to see <em>Leah</em> tonight, I wonder. I said I. Or the <em>Lily of Killarney</em>? Elster Grimes Opera Company. Big powerful change. Wet bright bills for next week. <em>Fun on the Bristol</em>. Martin Cunningham could work a pass for the Gaiety. Have to stand a drink or two. As broad as it’s long.</p>
<p>He’s coming in the afternoon. Her songs.</p>
<p>Plasto’s. Sir Philip Crampton’s memorial fountain bust. Who was he?</p>
<p>—How do you do? Martin Cunningham said, raising his palm to his brow in salute.</p>
<p>—He doesn’t see us, Mr Power said. Yes, he does. How do you do?</p>
<p>—Who? Mr Dedalus asked.</p>
<p>—Blazes Boylan, Mr Power said. There he is airing his quiff.</p>
<p>Just that moment I was thinking.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus bent across to salute. From the door of the Red Bank the white disc of a straw hat flashed reply: spruce figure: passed.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom reviewed the nails of his left hand, then those of his right hand. The nails, yes. Is there anything more in him that they she sees? Fascination. Worst man in Dublin. That keeps him alive. They sometimes feel what a person is. Instinct. But a type like that. My nails. I am just looking at them: well pared. And after: thinking alone. Body getting a bit softy. I would notice that: from remembering. What causes that? I suppose the skin can’t contract quickly enough when the flesh falls off. But the shape is there. The shape is there still. Shoulders. Hips. Plump. Night of the dance dressing. Shift stuck between the cheeks behind.</p>
<p>He clasped his hands between his knees and, satisfied, sent his vacant glance over their faces.</p>
<p>Mr Power asked:</p>
<p>—How is the concert tour getting on, Bloom?</p>
<p>—O, very well, Mr Bloom said. I hear great accounts of it. It’s a good idea, you see...</p>
<p>—Are you going yourself?</p>
<p>—Well no, Mr Bloom said. In point of fact I have to go down to the county Clare on some private business. You see the idea is to tour the chief towns. What you lose on one you can make up on the other.</p>
<p>—Quite so, Martin Cunningham said. Mary Anderson is up there now.</p>
<p>Have you good artists?</p>
<p>—Louis Werner is touring her, Mr Bloom said. O yes, we’ll have all topnobbers. J. C. Doyle and John MacCormack I hope and. The best, in fact.</p>
<p>—And <em>Madame</em>, Mr Power said smiling. Last but not least.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom unclasped his hands in a gesture of soft politeness and clasped them. Smith O’Brien. Someone has laid a bunch of flowers there. Woman. Must be his deathday. For many happy returns. The carriage wheeling by Farrell’s statue united noiselessly their unresisting knees.</p>
<p>Oot: a dullgarbed old man from the curbstone tendered his wares, his mouth opening: oot.</p>
<p>—Four bootlaces for a penny.</p>
<p>Wonder why he was struck off the rolls. Had his office in Hume street. Same house as Molly’s namesake, Tweedy, crown solicitor for Waterford. Has that silk hat ever since. Relics of old decency. Mourning too. Terrible comedown, poor wretch! Kicked about like snuff at a wake. O’Callaghan on his last legs.</p>
<p>And <em>Madame</em>. Twenty past eleven. Up. Mrs Fleming is in to clean. Doing her hair, humming: <em>voglio e non vorrei</em>. No: <em>vorrei e non</em>. Looking at the tips of her hairs to see if they are split. <em>Mi trema un poco il</em>. Beautiful on that <em>tre</em> her voice is: weeping tone. A thrush. A throstle. There is a word throstle that expresses that.</p>
<p>His eyes passed lightly over Mr Power’s goodlooking face. Greyish over the ears. <em>Madame</em>: smiling. I smiled back. A smile goes a long way. Only politeness perhaps. Nice fellow. Who knows is that true about the woman he keeps? Not pleasant for the wife. Yet they say, who was it told me, there is no carnal. You would imagine that would get played out pretty quick. Yes, it was Crofton met him one evening bringing her a pound of rumpsteak. What is this she was? Barmaid in Jury’s. Or the Moira, was it?</p>
<p>They passed under the hugecloaked Liberator’s form.</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham nudged Mr Power.</p>
<p>—Of the tribe of Reuben, he said.</p>
<p>A tall blackbearded figure, bent on a stick, stumping round the corner of Elvery’s Elephant house, showed them a curved hand open on his spine.</p>
<p>—In all his pristine beauty, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus looked after the stumping figure and said mildly:</p>
<p>—The devil break the hasp of your back!</p>
<p>Mr Power, collapsing in laughter, shaded his face from the window as the carriage passed Gray’s statue.</p>
<p>—We have all been there, Martin Cunningham said broadly.</p>
<p>His eyes met Mr Bloom’s eyes. He caressed his beard, adding:</p>
<p>—Well, nearly all of us.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom began to speak with sudden eagerness to his companions’ faces.</p>
<p>—That’s an awfully good one that’s going the rounds about Reuben J and the son.</p>
<p>—About the boatman? Mr Power asked.</p>
<p>—Yes. Isn’t it awfully good?</p>
<p>—What is that? Mr Dedalus asked. I didn’t hear it.</p>
<p>—There was a girl in the case, Mr Bloom began, and he determined to send him to the Isle of Man out of harm’s way but when they were both.....</p>
<p>—What? Mr Dedalus asked. That confirmed bloody hobbledehoy is it?</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said. They were both on the way to the boat and he tried to drown.....</p>
<p>—Drown Barabbas! Mr Dedalus cried. I wish to Christ he did!</p>
<p>Mr Power sent a long laugh down his shaded nostrils.</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said, the son himself.....</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham thwarted his speech rudely:</p>
<p>—Reuben J and the son were piking it down the quay next the river on their way to the Isle of Man boat and the young chiseller suddenly got loose and over the wall with him into the Liffey.</p>
<p>—For God’s sake! Mr Dedalus exclaimed in fright. Is he dead?</p>
<p>—Dead! Martin Cunningham cried. Not he! A boatman got a pole and fished him out by the slack of the breeches and he was landed up to the father on the quay more dead than alive. Half the town was there.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said. But the funny part is.....</p>
<p>—And Reuben J, Martin Cunningham said, gave the boatman a florin for saving his son’s life.</p>
<p>A stifled sigh came from under Mr Power’s hand.</p>
<p>—O, he did, Martin Cunningham affirmed. Like a hero. A silver florin.</p>
<p>—Isn’t it awfully good? Mr Bloom said eagerly.</p>
<p>—One and eightpence too much, Mr Dedalus said drily.</p>
<p>Mr Power’s choked laugh burst quietly in the carriage.</p>
<p>Nelson’s pillar.</p>
<p>—Eight plums a penny! Eight for a penny!</p>
<p>—We had better look a little serious, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus sighed.</p>
<p>—Ah then indeed, he said, poor little Paddy wouldn’t grudge us a laugh. Many a good one he told himself.</p>
<p>—The Lord forgive me! Mr Power said, wiping his wet eyes with his fingers. Poor Paddy! I little thought a week ago when I saw him last and he was in his usual health that I’d be driving after him like this. He’s gone from us.</p>
<p>—As decent a little man as ever wore a hat, Mr Dedalus said. He went very suddenly.</p>
<p>—Breakdown, Martin Cunningham said. Heart.</p>
<p>He tapped his chest sadly.</p>
<p>Blazing face: redhot. Too much John Barleycorn. Cure for a red nose. Drink like the devil till it turns adelite. A lot of money he spent colouring it.</p>
<p>Mr Power gazed at the passing houses with rueful apprehension.</p>
<p>—He had a sudden death, poor fellow, he said.</p>
<p>—The best death, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>Their wide open eyes looked at him.</p>
<p>—No suffering, he said. A moment and all is over. Like dying in sleep.</p>
<p>No-one spoke.</p>
<p>Dead side of the street this. Dull business by day, land agents, temperance hotel, Falconer’s railway guide, civil service college, Gill’s, catholic club, the industrious blind. Why? Some reason. Sun or wind. At night too. Chummies and slaveys. Under the patronage of the late Father Mathew. Foundation stone for Parnell. Breakdown. Heart.</p>
<p>White horses with white frontlet plumes came round the Rotunda corner, galloping. A tiny coffin flashed by. In a hurry to bury. A mourning coach. Unmarried. Black for the married. Piebald for bachelors. Dun for a nun.</p>
<p>—Sad, Martin Cunningham said. A child.</p>
<p>A dwarf’s face, mauve and wrinkled like little Rudy’s was. Dwarf’s body, weak as putty, in a whitelined deal box. Burial friendly society pays. Penny a week for a sod of turf. Our. Little. Beggar. Baby. Meant nothing. Mistake of nature. If it’s healthy it’s from the mother. If not from the man. Better luck next time.</p>
<p>—Poor little thing, Mr Dedalus said. It’s well out of it.</p>
<p>The carriage climbed more slowly the hill of Rutland square. Rattle his bones. Over the stones. Only a pauper. Nobody owns.</p>
<p>—In the midst of life, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>—But the worst of all, Mr Power said, is the man who takes his own life.</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham drew out his watch briskly, coughed and put it back.</p>
<p>—The greatest disgrace to have in the family, Mr Power added.</p>
<p>—Temporary insanity, of course, Martin Cunningham said decisively. We must take a charitable view of it.</p>
<p>—They say a man who does it is a coward, Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>—It is not for us to judge, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, about to speak, closed his lips again. Martin Cunningham’s large eyes. Looking away now. Sympathetic human man he is. Intelligent. Like Shakespeare’s face. Always a good word to say. They have no mercy on that here or infanticide. Refuse christian burial. They used to drive a stake of wood through his heart in the grave. As if it wasn’t broken already. Yet sometimes they repent too late. Found in the riverbed clutching rushes. He looked at me. And that awful drunkard of a wife of his. Setting up house for her time after time and then pawning the furniture on him every Saturday almost. Leading him the life of the damned. Wear the heart out of a stone, that. Monday morning. Start afresh. Shoulder to the wheel. Lord, she must have looked a sight that night Dedalus told me he was in there. Drunk about the place and capering with Martin’s umbrella.</p>
<p>And they call me the jewel of Asia,<br />
Of Asia,<br />
The geisha.</p>
<p>He looked away from me. He knows. Rattle his bones.</p>
<p>That afternoon of the inquest. The redlabelled bottle on the table. The room in the hotel with hunting pictures. Stuffy it was. Sunlight through the slats of the Venetian blind. The coroner’s sunlit ears, big and hairy. Boots giving evidence. Thought he was asleep first. Then saw like yellow streaks on his face. Had slipped down to the foot of the bed. Verdict: overdose. Death by misadventure. The letter. For my son Leopold.</p>
<p>No more pain. Wake no more. Nobody owns.</p>
<p>The carriage rattled swiftly along Blessington street. Over the stones.</p>
<p>—We are going the pace, I think, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>—God grant he doesn’t upset us on the road, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—I hope not, Martin Cunningham said. That will be a great race tomorrow in Germany. The Gordon Bennett.</p>
<p>—Yes, by Jove, Mr Dedalus said. That will be worth seeing, faith.</p>
<p>As they turned into Berkeley street a streetorgan near the Basin sent over and after them a rollicking rattling song of the halls. Has anybody here seen Kelly? Kay ee double ell wy. Dead March from <em>Saul.</em> He’s as bad as old Antonio. He left me on my ownio. Pirouette! The <em>Mater Misericordiae</em>. Eccles street. My house down there. Big place. Ward for incurables there. Very encouraging. Our Lady’s Hospice for the dying. Deadhouse handy underneath. Where old Mrs Riordan died. They look terrible the women. Her feeding cup and rubbing her mouth with the spoon. Then the screen round her bed for her to die. Nice young student that was dressed that bite the bee gave me. He’s gone over to the lying-in hospital they told me. From one extreme to the other.</p>
<p>The carriage galloped round a corner: stopped.</p>
<p>—What’s wrong now?</p>
<p>A divided drove of branded cattle passed the windows, lowing, slouching by on padded hoofs, whisking their tails slowly on their clotted bony croups. Outside them and through them ran raddled sheep bleating their fear.</p>
<p>—Emigrants, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—Huuuh! the drover’s voice cried, his switch sounding on their flanks. Huuuh! out of that!</p>
<p>Thursday, of course. Tomorrow is killing day. Springers. Cuffe sold them about twentyseven quid each. For Liverpool probably. Roastbeef for old England. They buy up all the juicy ones. And then the fifth quarter lost: all that raw stuff, hide, hair, horns. Comes to a big thing in a year. Dead meat trade. Byproducts of the slaughterhouses for tanneries, soap, margarine. Wonder if that dodge works now getting dicky meat off the train at Clonsilla.</p>
<p>The carriage moved on through the drove.</p>
<p>—I can’t make out why the corporation doesn’t run a tramline from the parkgate to the quays, Mr Bloom said. All those animals could be taken in trucks down to the boats.</p>
<p>—Instead of blocking up the thoroughfare, Martin Cunningham said. Quite right. They ought to.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said, and another thing I often thought, is to have municipal funeral trams like they have in Milan, you know. Run the line out to the cemetery gates and have special trams, hearse and carriage and all. Don’t you see what I mean?</p>
<p>—O, that be damned for a story, Mr Dedalus said. Pullman car and saloon diningroom.</p>
<p>—A poor lookout for Corny, Mr Power added.</p>
<p>—Why? Mr Bloom asked, turning to Mr Dedalus. Wouldn’t it be more decent than galloping two abreast?</p>
<p>—Well, there’s something in that, Mr Dedalus granted.</p>
<p>—And, Martin Cunningham said, we wouldn’t have scenes like that when the hearse capsized round Dunphy’s and upset the coffin on to the road.</p>
<p>—That was terrible, Mr Power’s shocked face said, and the corpse fell about the road. Terrible!</p>
<p>—First round Dunphy’s, Mr Dedalus said, nodding. Gordon Bennett cup.</p>
<p>—Praises be to God! Martin Cunningham said piously.</p>
<p>Bom! Upset. A coffin bumped out on to the road. Burst open. Paddy Dignam shot out and rolling over stiff in the dust in a brown habit too large for him. Red face: grey now. Mouth fallen open. Asking what’s up now. Quite right to close it. Looks horrid open. Then the insides decompose quickly. Much better to close up all the orifices. Yes, also. With wax. The sphincter loose. Seal up all.</p>
<p>—Dunphy’s, Mr Power announced as the carriage turned right.</p>
<p>Dunphy’s corner. Mourning coaches drawn up, drowning their grief. A pause by the wayside. Tiptop position for a pub. Expect we’ll pull up here on the way back to drink his health. Pass round the consolation. Elixir of life.</p>
<p>But suppose now it did happen. Would he bleed if a nail say cut him in the knocking about? He would and he wouldn’t, I suppose. Depends on where. The circulation stops. Still some might ooze out of an artery. It would be better to bury them in red: a dark red.</p>
<p>In silence they drove along Phibsborough road. An empty hearse trotted by, coming from the cemetery: looks relieved.</p>
<p>Crossguns bridge: the royal canal.</p>
<p>Water rushed roaring through the sluices. A man stood on his dropping barge, between clamps of turf. On the towpath by the lock a slacktethered horse. Aboard of the <em>Bugabu.</em></p>
<p>Their eyes watched him. On the slow weedy waterway he had floated on his raft coastward over Ireland drawn by a haulage rope past beds of reeds, over slime, mudchoked bottles, carrion dogs. Athlone, Mullingar, Moyvalley, I could make a walking tour to see Milly by the canal. Or cycle down. Hire some old crock, safety. Wren had one the other day at the auction but a lady’s. Developing waterways. James M’Cann’s hobby to row me o’er the ferry. Cheaper transit. By easy stages. Houseboats. Camping out. Also hearses. To heaven by water. Perhaps I will without writing. Come as a surprise, Leixlip, Clonsilla. Dropping down lock by lock to Dublin. With turf from the midland bogs. Salute. He lifted his brown straw hat, saluting Paddy Dignam.</p>
<p>They drove on past Brian Boroimhe house. Near it now.</p>
<p>—I wonder how is our friend Fogarty getting on, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—Better ask Tom Kernan, Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>—How is that? Martin Cunningham said. Left him weeping, I suppose?</p>
<p>—Though lost to sight, Mr Dedalus said, to memory dear.</p>
<p>The carriage steered left for Finglas road.</p>
<p>The stonecutter’s yard on the right. Last lap. Crowded on the spit of land silent shapes appeared, white, sorrowful, holding out calm hands, knelt in grief, pointing. Fragments of shapes, hewn. In white silence: appealing. The best obtainable. Thos. H. Dennany, monumental builder and sculptor.</p>
<p>Passed.</p>
<p>On the curbstone before Jimmy Geary, the sexton’s, an old tramp sat, grumbling, emptying the dirt and stones out of his huge dustbrown yawning boot. After life’s journey.</p>
<p>Gloomy gardens then went by: one by one: gloomy houses.</p>
<p>Mr Power pointed.</p>
<p>—That is where Childs was murdered, he said. The last house.</p>
<p>—So it is, Mr Dedalus said. A gruesome case. Seymour Bushe got him off. Murdered his brother. Or so they said.</p>
<p>—The crown had no evidence, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—Only circumstantial, Martin Cunningham added. That’s the maxim of the law. Better for ninetynine guilty to escape than for one innocent person to be wrongfully condemned.</p>
<p>They looked. Murderer’s ground. It passed darkly. Shuttered, tenantless, unweeded garden. Whole place gone to hell. Wrongfully condemned. Murder. The murderer’s image in the eye of the murdered. They love reading about it. Man’s head found in a garden. Her clothing consisted of. How she met her death. Recent outrage. The weapon used. Murderer is still at large. Clues. A shoelace. The body to be exhumed. Murder will out.</p>
<p>Cramped in this carriage. She mightn’t like me to come that way without letting her know. Must be careful about women. Catch them once with their pants down. Never forgive you after. Fifteen.</p>
<p>The high railings of Prospect rippled past their gaze. Dark poplars, rare white forms. Forms more frequent, white shapes thronged amid the trees, white forms and fragments streaming by mutely, sustaining vain gestures on the air.</p>
<p>The felly harshed against the curbstone: stopped. Martin Cunningham put out his arm and, wrenching back the handle, shoved the door open with his knee. He stepped out. Mr Power and Mr Dedalus followed.</p>
<p>Change that soap now. Mr Bloom’s hand unbuttoned his hip pocket swiftly and transferred the paperstuck soap to his inner handkerchief pocket. He stepped out of the carriage, replacing the newspaper his other hand still held.</p>
<p>Paltry funeral: coach and three carriages. It’s all the same. Pallbearers, gold reins, requiem mass, firing a volley. Pomp of death. Beyond the hind carriage a hawker stood by his barrow of cakes and fruit. Simnel cakes those are, stuck together: cakes for the dead. Dogbiscuits. Who ate them? Mourners coming out.</p>
<p>He followed his companions. Mr Kernan and Ned Lambert followed, Hynes walking after them. Corny Kelleher stood by the opened hearse and took out the two wreaths. He handed one to the boy.</p>
<p>Where is that child’s funeral disappeared to?</p>
<p>A team of horses passed from Finglas with toiling plodding tread, dragging through the funereal silence a creaking waggon on which lay a granite block. The waggoner marching at their head saluted.</p>
<p>Coffin now. Got here before us, dead as he is. Horse looking round at it with his plume skeowways. Dull eye: collar tight on his neck, pressing on a bloodvessel or something. Do they know what they cart out here every day? Must be twenty or thirty funerals every day. Then Mount Jerome for the protestants. Funerals all over the world everywhere every minute. Shovelling them under by the cartload doublequick. Thousands every hour. Too many in the world.</p>
<p>Mourners came out through the gates: woman and a girl. Leanjawed harpy, hard woman at a bargain, her bonnet awry. Girl’s face stained with dirt and tears, holding the woman’s arm, looking up at her for a sign to cry. Fish’s face, bloodless and livid.</p>
<p>The mutes shouldered the coffin and bore it in through the gates. So much dead weight. Felt heavier myself stepping out of that bath. First the stiff: then the friends of the stiff. Corny Kelleher and the boy followed with their wreaths. Who is that beside them? Ah, the brother-in-law.</p>
<p>All walked after.</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham whispered:</p>
<p>—I was in mortal agony with you talking of suicide before Bloom.</p>
<p>—What? Mr Power whispered. How so?</p>
<p>—His father poisoned himself, Martin Cunningham whispered. Had the Queen’s hotel in Ennis. You heard him say he was going to Clare. Anniversary.</p>
<p>—O God! Mr Power whispered. First I heard of it. Poisoned himself?</p>
<p>He glanced behind him to where a face with dark thinking eyes followed towards the cardinal’s mausoleum. Speaking.</p>
<p>—Was he insured? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>—I believe so, Mr Kernan answered. But the policy was heavily mortgaged. Martin is trying to get the youngster into Artane.</p>
<p>—How many children did he leave?</p>
<p>—Five. Ned Lambert says he’ll try to get one of the girls into Todd’s.</p>
<p>—A sad case, Mr Bloom said gently. Five young children.</p>
<p>—A great blow to the poor wife, Mr Kernan added.</p>
<p>—Indeed yes, Mr Bloom agreed.</p>
<p>Has the laugh at him now.</p>
<p>He looked down at the boots he had blacked and polished. She had outlived him. Lost her husband. More dead for her than for me. One must outlive the other. Wise men say. There are more women than men in the world. Condole with her. Your terrible loss. I hope you’ll soon follow him. For Hindu widows only. She would marry another. Him? No. Yet who knows after. Widowhood not the thing since the old queen died. Drawn on a guncarriage. Victoria and Albert. Frogmore memorial mourning. But in the end she put a few violets in her bonnet. Vain in her heart of hearts. All for a shadow. Consort not even a king. Her son was the substance. Something new to hope for not like the past she wanted back, waiting. It never comes. One must go first: alone, under the ground: and lie no more in her warm bed.</p>
<p>—How are you, Simon? Ned Lambert said softly, clasping hands. Haven’t seen you for a month of Sundays.</p>
<p>—Never better. How are all in Cork’s own town?</p>
<p>—I was down there for the Cork park races on Easter Monday, Ned Lambert said. Same old six and eightpence. Stopped with Dick Tivy.</p>
<p>—And how is Dick, the solid man?</p>
<p>—Nothing between himself and heaven, Ned Lambert answered.</p>
<p>—By the holy Paul! Mr Dedalus said in subdued wonder. Dick Tivy bald?</p>
<p>—Martin is going to get up a whip for the youngsters, Ned Lambert said, pointing ahead. A few bob a skull. Just to keep them going till the insurance is cleared up.</p>
<p>—Yes, yes, Mr Dedalus said dubiously. Is that the eldest boy in front?</p>
<p>—Yes, Ned Lambert said, with the wife’s brother. John Henry Menton is behind. He put down his name for a quid.</p>
<p>—I’ll engage he did, Mr Dedalus said. I often told poor Paddy he ought to mind that job. John Henry is not the worst in the world.</p>
<p>—How did he lose it? Ned Lambert asked. Liquor, what?</p>
<p>—Many a good man’s fault, Mr Dedalus said with a sigh.</p>
<p>They halted about the door of the mortuary chapel. Mr Bloom stood behind the boy with the wreath looking down at his sleekcombed hair and at the slender furrowed neck inside his brandnew collar. Poor boy! Was he there when the father? Both unconscious. Lighten up at the last moment and recognise for the last time. All he might have done. I owe three shillings to O’Grady. Would he understand? The mutes bore the coffin into the chapel. Which end is his head?</p>
<p>After a moment he followed the others in, blinking in the screened light. The coffin lay on its bier before the chancel, four tall yellow candles at its corners. Always in front of us. Corny Kelleher, laying a wreath at each fore corner, beckoned to the boy to kneel. The mourners knelt here and there in prayingdesks. Mr Bloom stood behind near the font and, when all had knelt, dropped carefully his unfolded newspaper from his pocket and knelt his right knee upon it. He fitted his black hat gently on his left knee and, holding its brim, bent over piously.</p>
<p>A server bearing a brass bucket with something in it came out through a door. The whitesmocked priest came after him, tidying his stole with one hand, balancing with the other a little book against his toad’s belly. Who’ll read the book? I, said the rook.</p>
<p>They halted by the bier and the priest began to read out of his book with a fluent croak.</p>
<p>Father Coffey. I knew his name was like a coffin. <em>Dominenamine.</em> Bully about the muzzle he looks. Bosses the show. Muscular christian. Woe betide anyone that looks crooked at him: priest. Thou art Peter. Burst sideways like a sheep in clover Dedalus says he will. With a belly on him like a poisoned pup. Most amusing expressions that man finds. Hhhn: burst sideways.</p>
<p><em>—Non intres in judicium cum servo tuo, Domine.</em></p>
<p>Makes them feel more important to be prayed over in Latin. Requiem mass. Crape weepers. Blackedged notepaper. Your name on the altarlist. Chilly place this. Want to feed well, sitting in there all the morning in the gloom kicking his heels waiting for the next please. Eyes of a toad too. What swells him up that way? Molly gets swelled after cabbage. Air of the place maybe. Looks full up of bad gas. Must be an infernal lot of bad gas round the place. Butchers, for instance: they get like raw beefsteaks. Who was telling me? Mervyn Browne. Down in the vaults of saint Werburgh’s lovely old organ hundred and fifty they have to bore a hole in the coffins sometimes to let out the bad gas and burn it. Out it rushes: blue. One whiff of that and you’re a goner.</p>
<p>My kneecap is hurting me. Ow. That’s better.</p>
<p>The priest took a stick with a knob at the end of it out of the boy’s bucket and shook it over the coffin. Then he walked to the other end and shook it again. Then he came back and put it back in the bucket. As you were before you rested. It’s all written down: he has to do it.</p>
<p><em>—Et ne nos inducas in tentationem.</em></p>
<p>The server piped the answers in the treble. I often thought it would be better to have boy servants. Up to fifteen or so. After that, of course ...</p>
<p>Holy water that was, I expect. Shaking sleep out of it. He must be fed up with that job, shaking that thing over all the corpses they trot up. What harm if he could see what he was shaking it over. Every mortal day a fresh batch: middleaged men, old women, children, women dead in childbirth, men with beards, baldheaded businessmen, consumptive girls with little sparrows’ breasts. All the year round he prayed the same thing over them all and shook water on top of them: sleep. On Dignam now.</p>
<p><em>—In paradisum.</em></p>
<p>Said he was going to paradise or is in paradise. Says that over everybody. Tiresome kind of a job. But he has to say something.</p>
<p>The priest closed his book and went off, followed by the server. Corny Kelleher opened the sidedoors and the gravediggers came in, hoisted the coffin again, carried it out and shoved it on their cart. Corny Kelleher gave one wreath to the boy and one to the brother-in-law. All followed them out of the sidedoors into the mild grey air. Mr Bloom came last folding his paper again into his pocket. He gazed gravely at the ground till the coffincart wheeled off to the left. The metal wheels ground the gravel with a sharp grating cry and the pack of blunt boots followed the trundled barrow along a lane of sepulchres.</p>
<p>The ree the ra the ree the ra the roo. Lord, I mustn’t lilt here.</p>
<p>—The O’Connell circle, Mr Dedalus said about him.</p>
<p>Mr Power’s soft eyes went up to the apex of the lofty cone.</p>
<p>—He’s at rest, he said, in the middle of his people, old Dan O’. But his heart is buried in Rome. How many broken hearts are buried here, Simon!</p>
<p>—Her grave is over there, Jack, Mr Dedalus said. I’ll soon be stretched beside her. Let Him take me whenever He likes.</p>
<p>Breaking down, he began to weep to himself quietly, stumbling a little in his walk. Mr Power took his arm.</p>
<p>—She’s better where she is, he said kindly.</p>
<p>—I suppose so, Mr Dedalus said with a weak gasp. I suppose she is in heaven if there is a heaven.</p>
<p>Corny Kelleher stepped aside from his rank and allowed the mourners to plod by.</p>
<p>—Sad occasions, Mr Kernan began politely.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom closed his eyes and sadly twice bowed his head.</p>
<p>—The others are putting on their hats, Mr Kernan said. I suppose we can do so too. We are the last. This cemetery is a treacherous place.</p>
<p>They covered their heads.</p>
<p>—The reverend gentleman read the service too quickly, don’t you think? Mr Kernan said with reproof.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom nodded gravely looking in the quick bloodshot eyes. Secret eyes, secretsearching. Mason, I think: not sure. Beside him again. We are the last. In the same boat. Hope he’ll say something else.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan added:</p>
<p>—The service of the Irish church used in Mount Jerome is simpler, more impressive I must say.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom gave prudent assent. The language of course was another thing.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan said with solemnity:</p>
<p>—<em>I am the resurrection and the life</em>. That touches a man’s inmost heart.</p>
<p>—It does, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>Your heart perhaps but what price the fellow in the six feet by two with his toes to the daisies? No touching that. Seat of the affections. Broken heart. A pump after all, pumping thousands of gallons of blood every day. One fine day it gets bunged up: and there you are. Lots of them lying around here: lungs, hearts, livers. Old rusty pumps: damn the thing else. The resurrection and the life. Once you are dead you are dead. That last day idea. Knocking them all up out of their graves. Come forth, Lazarus! And he came fifth and lost the job. Get up! Last day! Then every fellow mousing around for his liver and his lights and the rest of his traps. Find damn all of himself that morning. Pennyweight of powder in a skull. Twelve grammes one pennyweight. Troy measure.</p>
<p>Corny Kelleher fell into step at their side.</p>
<p>—Everything went off A1, he said. What?</p>
<p>He looked on them from his drawling eye. Policeman’s shoulders. With your tooraloom tooraloom.</p>
<p>—As it should be, Mr Kernan said.</p>
<p>—What? Eh? Corny Kelleher said.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan assured him.</p>
<p>—Who is that chap behind with Tom Kernan? John Henry Menton asked. I know his face.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert glanced back.</p>
<p>—Bloom, he said, Madame Marion Tweedy that was, is, I mean, the soprano. She’s his wife.</p>
<p>—O, to be sure, John Henry Menton said. I haven’t seen her for some time. She was a finelooking woman. I danced with her, wait, fifteen seventeen golden years ago, at Mat Dillon’s in Roundtown. And a good armful she was.</p>
<p>He looked behind through the others.</p>
<p>—What is he? he asked. What does he do? Wasn’t he in the stationery line? I fell foul of him one evening, I remember, at bowls.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert smiled.</p>
<p>—Yes, he was, he said, in Wisdom Hely’s. A traveller for blottingpaper.</p>
<p>—In God’s name, John Henry Menton said, what did she marry a coon like that for? She had plenty of game in her then.</p>
<p>—Has still, Ned Lambert said. He does some canvassing for ads.</p>
<p>John Henry Menton’s large eyes stared ahead.</p>
<p>The barrow turned into a side lane. A portly man, ambushed among the grasses, raised his hat in homage. The gravediggers touched their caps.</p>
<p>—John O’Connell, Mr Power said pleased. He never forgets a friend.</p>
<p>Mr O’Connell shook all their hands in silence. Mr Dedalus said:</p>
<p>—I am come to pay you another visit.</p>
<p>—My dear Simon, the caretaker answered in a low voice. I don’t want your custom at all.</p>
<p>Saluting Ned Lambert and John Henry Menton he walked on at Martin Cunningham’s side puzzling two long keys at his back.</p>
<p>—Did you hear that one, he asked them, about Mulcahy from the Coombe?</p>
<p>—I did not, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>They bent their silk hats in concert and Hynes inclined his ear. The caretaker hung his thumbs in the loops of his gold watchchain and spoke in a discreet tone to their vacant smiles.</p>
<p>—They tell the story, he said, that two drunks came out here one foggy evening to look for the grave of a friend of theirs. They asked for Mulcahy from the Coombe and were told where he was buried. After traipsing about in the fog they found the grave sure enough. One of the drunks spelt out the name: Terence Mulcahy. The other drunk was blinking up at a statue of Our Saviour the widow had got put up.</p>
<p>The caretaker blinked up at one of the sepulchres they passed. He resumed:</p>
<p>—And, after blinking up at the sacred figure, <em>Not a bloody bit like the man</em>, says he. <em>That’s not Mulcahy</em>, says he, <em>whoever done it</em>.</p>
<p>Rewarded by smiles he fell back and spoke with Corny Kelleher, accepting the dockets given him, turning them over and scanning them as he walked.</p>
<p>—That’s all done with a purpose, Martin Cunningham explained to Hynes.</p>
<p>—I know, Hynes said. I know that.</p>
<p>—To cheer a fellow up, Martin Cunningham said. It’s pure goodheartedness: damn the thing else.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom admired the caretaker’s prosperous bulk. All want to be on good terms with him. Decent fellow, John O’Connell, real good sort. Keys: like Keyes’s ad: no fear of anyone getting out. No passout checks. <em>Habeas corpus</em>. I must see about that ad after the funeral. Did I write Ballsbridge on the envelope I took to cover when she disturbed me writing to Martha? Hope it’s not chucked in the dead letter office. Be the better of a shave. Grey sprouting beard. That’s the first sign when the hairs come out grey. And temper getting cross. Silver threads among the grey. Fancy being his wife. Wonder he had the gumption to propose to any girl. Come out and live in the graveyard. Dangle that before her. It might thrill her first. Courting death. Shades of night hovering here with all the dead stretched about. The shadows of the tombs when churchyards yawn and Daniel O’Connell must be a descendant I suppose who is this used to say he was a queer breedy man great catholic all the same like a big giant in the dark. Will o’ the wisp. Gas of graves. Want to keep her mind off it to conceive at all. Women especially are so touchy. Tell her a ghost story in bed to make her sleep. Have you ever seen a ghost? Well, I have. It was a pitchdark night. The clock was on the stroke of twelve. Still they’d kiss all right if properly keyed up. Whores in Turkish graveyards. Learn anything if taken young. You might pick up a young widow here. Men like that. Love among the tombstones. Romeo. Spice of pleasure. In the midst of death we are in life. Both ends meet. Tantalising for the poor dead. Smell of grilled beefsteaks to the starving. Gnawing their vitals. Desire to grig people. Molly wanting to do it at the window. Eight children he has anyway.</p>
<p>He has seen a fair share go under in his time, lying around him field after field. Holy fields. More room if they buried them standing. Sitting or kneeling you couldn’t. Standing? His head might come up some day above ground in a landslip with his hand pointing. All honeycombed the ground must be: oblong cells. And very neat he keeps it too: trim grass and edgings. His garden Major Gamble calls Mount Jerome. Well, so it is. Ought to be flowers of sleep. Chinese cemeteries with giant poppies growing produce the best opium Mastiansky told me. The Botanic Gardens are just over there. It’s the blood sinking in the earth gives new life. Same idea those jews they said killed the christian boy. Every man his price. Well preserved fat corpse, gentleman, epicure, invaluable for fruit garden. A bargain. By carcass of William Wilkinson, auditor and accountant, lately deceased, three pounds thirteen and six. With thanks.</p>
<p>I daresay the soil would be quite fat with corpsemanure, bones, flesh, nails. Charnelhouses. Dreadful. Turning green and pink decomposing. Rot quick in damp earth. The lean old ones tougher. Then a kind of a tallowy kind of a cheesy. Then begin to get black, black treacle oozing out of them. Then dried up. Deathmoths. Of course the cells or whatever they are go on living. Changing about. Live for ever practically. Nothing to feed on feed on themselves.</p>
<p>But they must breed a devil of a lot of maggots. Soil must be simply swirling with them. Your head it simply swurls. Those pretty little seaside gurls. He looks cheerful enough over it. Gives him a sense of power seeing all the others go under first. Wonder how he looks at life. Cracking his jokes too: warms the cockles of his heart. The one about the bulletin. Spurgeon went to heaven 4 a.m. this morning. 11 p.m. (closing time). Not arrived yet. Peter. The dead themselves the men anyhow would like to hear an odd joke or the women to know what’s in fashion. A juicy pear or ladies’ punch, hot, strong and sweet. Keep out the damp. You must laugh sometimes so better do it that way. Gravediggers in <em>Hamlet</em>. Shows the profound knowledge of the human heart. Daren’t joke about the dead for two years at least. <em>De mortuis nil nisi prius</em>. Go out of mourning first. Hard to imagine his funeral. Seems a sort of a joke. Read your own obituary notice they say you live longer. Gives you second wind. New lease of life.</p>
<p>—How many have you for tomorrow? the caretaker asked.</p>
<p>—Two, Corny Kelleher said. Half ten and eleven.</p>
<p>The caretaker put the papers in his pocket. The barrow had ceased to trundle. The mourners split and moved to each side of the hole, stepping with care round the graves. The gravediggers bore the coffin and set its nose on the brink, looping the bands round it.</p>
<p>Burying him. We come to bury Cæsar. His ides of March or June. He doesn’t know who is here nor care. Now who is that lankylooking galoot over there in the macintosh? Now who is he I’d like to know? Now I’d give a trifle to know who he is. Always someone turns up you never dreamt of. A fellow could live on his lonesome all his life. Yes, he could. Still he’d have to get someone to sod him after he died though he could dig his own grave. We all do. Only man buries. No, ants too. First thing strikes anybody. Bury the dead. Say Robinson Crusoe was true to life. Well then Friday buried him. Every Friday buries a Thursday if you come to look at it.</p>
<p>O, poor Robinson Crusoe!<br />
How could you possibly do so?</p>
<p>Poor Dignam! His last lie on the earth in his box. When you think of them all it does seem a waste of wood. All gnawed through. They could invent a handsome bier with a kind of panel sliding, let it down that way. Ay but they might object to be buried out of another fellow’s. They’re so particular. Lay me in my native earth. Bit of clay from the holy land. Only a mother and deadborn child ever buried in the one coffin. I see what it means. I see. To protect him as long as possible even in the earth. The Irishman’s house is his coffin. Embalming in catacombs, mummies the same idea.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom stood far back, his hat in his hand, counting the bared heads. Twelve. I’m thirteen. No. The chap in the macintosh is thirteen. Death’s number. Where the deuce did he pop out of? He wasn’t in the chapel, that I’ll swear. Silly superstition that about thirteen.</p>
<p>Nice soft tweed Ned Lambert has in that suit. Tinge of purple. I had one like that when we lived in Lombard street west. Dressy fellow he was once. Used to change three suits in the day. Must get that grey suit of mine turned by Mesias. Hello. It’s dyed. His wife I forgot he’s not married or his landlady ought to have picked out those threads for him.</p>
<p>The coffin dived out of sight, eased down by the men straddled on the gravetrestles. They struggled up and out: and all uncovered. Twenty.</p>
<p>Pause.</p>
<p>If we were all suddenly somebody else.</p>
<p>Far away a donkey brayed. Rain. No such ass. Never see a dead one, they say. Shame of death. They hide. Also poor papa went away.</p>
<p>Gentle sweet air blew round the bared heads in a whisper. Whisper. The boy by the gravehead held his wreath with both hands staring quietly in the black open space. Mr Bloom moved behind the portly kindly caretaker. Wellcut frockcoat. Weighing them up perhaps to see which will go next. Well, it is a long rest. Feel no more. It’s the moment you feel. Must be damned unpleasant. Can’t believe it at first. Mistake must be: someone else. Try the house opposite. Wait, I wanted to. I haven’t yet. Then darkened deathchamber. Light they want. Whispering around you. Would you like to see a priest? Then rambling and wandering. Delirium all you hid all your life. The death struggle. His sleep is not natural. Press his lower eyelid. Watching is his nose pointed is his jaw sinking are the soles of his feet yellow. Pull the pillow away and finish it off on the floor since he’s doomed. Devil in that picture of sinner’s death showing him a woman. Dying to embrace her in his shirt. Last act of <em>Lucia. Shall I nevermore behold thee</em>? Bam! He expires. Gone at last. People talk about you a bit: forget you. Don’t forget to pray for him. Remember him in your prayers. Even Parnell. Ivy day dying out. Then they follow: dropping into a hole, one after the other.</p>
<p>We are praying now for the repose of his soul. Hoping you’re well and not in hell. Nice change of air. Out of the fryingpan of life into the fire of purgatory.</p>
<p>Does he ever think of the hole waiting for himself? They say you do when you shiver in the sun. Someone walking over it. Callboy’s warning. Near you. Mine over there towards Finglas, the plot I bought. Mamma, poor mamma, and little Rudy.</p>
<p>The gravediggers took up their spades and flung heavy clods of clay in on the coffin. Mr Bloom turned away his face. And if he was alive all the time? Whew! By jingo, that would be awful! No, no: he is dead, of course. Of course he is dead. Monday he died. They ought to have some law to pierce the heart and make sure or an electric clock or a telephone in the coffin and some kind of a canvas airhole. Flag of distress. Three days. Rather long to keep them in summer. Just as well to get shut of them as soon as you are sure there’s no.</p>
<p>The clay fell softer. Begin to be forgotten. Out of sight, out of mind.</p>
<p>The caretaker moved away a few paces and put on his hat. Had enough of it. The mourners took heart of grace, one by one, covering themselves without show. Mr Bloom put on his hat and saw the portly figure make its way deftly through the maze of graves. Quietly, sure of his ground, he traversed the dismal fields.</p>
<p>Hynes jotting down something in his notebook. Ah, the names. But he knows them all. No: coming to me.</p>
<p>—I am just taking the names, Hynes said below his breath. What is your christian name? I’m not sure.</p>
<p>—L, Mr Bloom said. Leopold. And you might put down M’Coy’s name too. He asked me to.</p>
<p>—Charley, Hynes said writing. I know. He was on the <em>Freeman</em> once.</p>
<p>So he was before he got the job in the morgue under Louis Byrne. Good idea a postmortem for doctors. Find out what they imagine they know. He died of a Tuesday. Got the run. Levanted with the cash of a few ads. Charley, you’re my darling. That was why he asked me to. O well, does no harm. I saw to that, M’Coy. Thanks, old chap: much obliged. Leave him under an obligation: costs nothing.</p>
<p>—And tell us, Hynes said, do you know that fellow in the, fellow was over there in the...</p>
<p>He looked around.</p>
<p>—Macintosh. Yes, I saw him, Mr Bloom said. Where is he now?</p>
<p>—M’Intosh, Hynes said scribbling. I don’t know who he is. Is that his name?</p>
<p>He moved away, looking about him.</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom began, turning and stopping. I say, Hynes!</p>
<p>Didn’t hear. What? Where has he disappeared to? Not a sign. Well of all the. Has anybody here seen? Kay ee double ell. Become invisible. Good Lord, what became of him?</p>
<p>A seventh gravedigger came beside Mr Bloom to take up an idle spade.</p>
<p>—O, excuse me!</p>
<p>He stepped aside nimbly.</p>
<p>Clay, brown, damp, began to be seen in the hole. It rose. Nearly over. A mound of damp clods rose more, rose, and the gravediggers rested their spades. All uncovered again for a few instants. The boy propped his wreath against a corner: the brother-in-law his on a lump. The gravediggers put on their caps and carried their earthy spades towards the barrow. Then knocked the blades lightly on the turf: clean. One bent to pluck from the haft a long tuft of grass. One, leaving his mates, walked slowly on with shouldered weapon, its blade blueglancing. Silently at the gravehead another coiled the coffinband. His navelcord. The brother-in-law, turning away, placed something in his free hand. Thanks in silence. Sorry, sir: trouble. Headshake. I know that. For yourselves just.</p>
<p>The mourners moved away slowly without aim, by devious paths, staying at whiles to read a name on a tomb.</p>
<p>—Let us go round by the chief’s grave, Hynes said. We have time.</p>
<p>—Let us, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>They turned to the right, following their slow thoughts. With awe Mr Power’s blank voice spoke:</p>
<p>—Some say he is not in that grave at all. That the coffin was filled with stones. That one day he will come again.</p>
<p>Hynes shook his head.</p>
<p>—Parnell will never come again, he said. He’s there, all that was mortal of him. Peace to his ashes.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom walked unheeded along his grove by saddened angels, crosses, broken pillars, family vaults, stone hopes praying with upcast eyes, old Ireland’s hearts and hands. More sensible to spend the money on some charity for the living. Pray for the repose of the soul of. Does anybody really? Plant him and have done with him. Like down a coalshoot. Then lump them together to save time. All souls’ day. Twentyseventh I’ll be at his grave. Ten shillings for the gardener. He keeps it free of weeds. Old man himself. Bent down double with his shears clipping. Near death’s door. Who passed away. Who departed this life. As if they did it of their own accord. Got the shove, all of them. Who kicked the bucket. More interesting if they told you what they were. So and So, wheelwright. I travelled for cork lino. I paid five shillings in the pound. Or a woman’s with her saucepan. I cooked good Irish stew. Eulogy in a country churchyard it ought to be that poem of whose is it Wordsworth or Thomas Campbell. Entered into rest the protestants put it. Old Dr Murren’s. The great physician called him home. Well it’s God’s acre for them. Nice country residence. Newly plastered and painted. Ideal spot to have a quiet smoke and read the <em>Church Times.</em> Marriage ads they never try to beautify. Rusty wreaths hung on knobs, garlands of bronzefoil. Better value that for the money. Still, the flowers are more poetical. The other gets rather tiresome, never withering. Expresses nothing. Immortelles.</p>
<p>A bird sat tamely perched on a poplar branch. Like stuffed. Like the wedding present alderman Hooper gave us. Hoo! Not a budge out of him. Knows there are no catapults to let fly at him. Dead animal even sadder. Silly-Milly burying the little dead bird in the kitchen matchbox, a daisychain and bits of broken chainies on the grave.</p>
<p>The Sacred Heart that is: showing it. Heart on his sleeve. Ought to be sideways and red it should be painted like a real heart. Ireland was dedicated to it or whatever that. Seems anything but pleased. Why this infliction? Would birds come then and peck like the boy with the basket of fruit but he said no because they ought to have been afraid of the boy. Apollo that was.</p>
<p>How many! All these here once walked round Dublin. Faithful departed. As you are now so once were we.</p>
<p>Besides how could you remember everybody? Eyes, walk, voice. Well, the voice, yes: gramophone. Have a gramophone in every grave or keep it in the house. After dinner on a Sunday. Put on poor old greatgrandfather. Kraahraark! Hellohellohello amawfullyglad kraark awfullygladaseeagain hellohello amawf krpthsth. Remind you of the voice like the photograph reminds you of the face. Otherwise you couldn’t remember the face after fifteen years, say. For instance who? For instance some fellow that died when I was in Wisdom Hely’s.</p>
<p>Rtststr! A rattle of pebbles. Wait. Stop!</p>
<p>He looked down intently into a stone crypt. Some animal. Wait. There he goes.</p>
<p>An obese grey rat toddled along the side of the crypt, moving the pebbles. An old stager: greatgrandfather: he knows the ropes. The grey alive crushed itself in under the plinth, wriggled itself in under it. Good hidingplace for treasure.</p>
<p>Who lives there? Are laid the remains of Robert Emery. Robert Emmet was buried here by torchlight, wasn’t he? Making his rounds.</p>
<p>Tail gone now.</p>
<p>One of those chaps would make short work of a fellow. Pick the bones clean no matter who it was. Ordinary meat for them. A corpse is meat gone bad. Well and what’s cheese? Corpse of milk. I read in that <em>Voyages in China</em> that the Chinese say a white man smells like a corpse. Cremation better. Priests dead against it. Devilling for the other firm. Wholesale burners and Dutch oven dealers. Time of the plague. Quicklime feverpits to eat them. Lethal chamber. Ashes to ashes. Or bury at sea. Where is that Parsee tower of silence? Eaten by birds. Earth, fire, water. Drowning they say is the pleasantest. See your whole life in a flash. But being brought back to life no. Can’t bury in the air however. Out of a flying machine. Wonder does the news go about whenever a fresh one is let down. Underground communication. We learned that from them. Wouldn’t be surprised. Regular square feed for them. Flies come before he’s well dead. Got wind of Dignam. They wouldn’t care about the smell of it. Saltwhite crumbling mush of corpse: smell, taste like raw white turnips.</p>
<p>The gates glimmered in front: still open. Back to the world again. Enough of this place. Brings you a bit nearer every time. Last time I was here was Mrs Sinico’s funeral. Poor papa too. The love that kills. And even scraping up the earth at night with a lantern like that case I read of to get at fresh buried females or even putrefied with running gravesores. Give you the creeps after a bit. I will appear to you after death. You will see my ghost after death. My ghost will haunt you after death. There is another world after death named hell. I do not like that other world she wrote. No more do I. Plenty to see and hear and feel yet. Feel live warm beings near you. Let them sleep in their maggoty beds. They are not going to get me this innings. Warm beds: warm fullblooded life.</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham emerged from a sidepath, talking gravely.</p>
<p>Solicitor, I think. I know his face. Menton, John Henry, solicitor, commissioner for oaths and affidavits. Dignam used to be in his office. Mat Dillon’s long ago. Jolly Mat. Convivial evenings. Cold fowl, cigars, the Tantalus glasses. Heart of gold really. Yes, Menton. Got his rag out that evening on the bowlinggreen because I sailed inside him. Pure fluke of mine: the bias. Why he took such a rooted dislike to me. Hate at first sight. Molly and Floey Dillon linked under the lilactree, laughing. Fellow always like that, mortified if women are by.</p>
<p>Got a dinge in the side of his hat. Carriage probably.</p>
<p>—Excuse me, sir, Mr Bloom said beside them.</p>
<p>They stopped.</p>
<p>—Your hat is a little crushed, Mr Bloom said pointing.</p>
<p>John Henry Menton stared at him for an instant without moving.</p>
<p>—There, Martin Cunningham helped, pointing also.</p>
<p>John Henry Menton took off his hat, bulged out the dinge and smoothed the nap with care on his coatsleeve. He clapped the hat on his head again.</p>
<p>—It’s all right now, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>John Henry Menton jerked his head down in acknowledgment.</p>
<p>—Thank you, he said shortly.</p>
<p>They walked on towards the gates. Mr Bloom, chapfallen, drew behind a few paces so as not to overhear. Martin laying down the law. Martin could wind a sappyhead like that round his little finger, without his seeing it.</p>
<p>Oyster eyes. Never mind. Be sorry after perhaps when it dawns on him. Get the pull over him that way.</p>
<p>Thank you. How grand we are this morning!</p>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00010" class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_chap07"></span>[ 7 ]</h3>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00011"><strong>IN THE HEART OF THE HIBERNIAN METROPOLIS</strong></h4>
<p>Before Nelson’s pillar trams slowed, shunted, changed trolley, started for Blackrock, Kingstown and Dalkey, Clonskea, Rathgar and Terenure, Palmerston Park and upper Rathmines, Sandymount Green, Rathmines, Ringsend and Sandymount Tower, Harold’s Cross. The hoarse Dublin United Tramway Company’s timekeeper bawled them off:</p>
<p>—Rathgar and Terenure!</p>
<p>—Come on, Sandymount Green!</p>
<p>Right and left parallel clanging ringing a doubledecker and a singledeck moved from their railheads, swerved to the down line, glided parallel.</p>
<p>—Start, Palmerston Park!</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00012"><strong>THE WEARER OF THE CROWN</strong></h4>
<p>Under the porch of the general post office shoeblacks called and polished. Parked in North Prince’s street His Majesty’s vermilion mailcars, bearing on their sides the royal initials, E. R., received loudly flung sacks of letters, postcards, lettercards, parcels, insured and paid, for local, provincial, British and overseas delivery.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00013"><strong>GENTLEMEN OF THE PRESS</strong></h4>
<p>Grossbooted draymen rolled barrels dullthudding out of Prince’s stores and bumped them up on the brewery float. On the brewery float bumped dullthudding barrels rolled by grossbooted draymen out of Prince’s stores.</p>
<p>—There it is, Red Murray said. Alexander Keyes.</p>
<p>—Just cut it out, will you? Mr Bloom said, and I’ll take it round to the <em>Telegraph</em> office.</p>
<p>The door of Ruttledge’s office creaked again. Davy Stephens, minute in a large capecoat, a small felt hat crowning his ringlets, passed out with a roll of papers under his cape, a king’s courier.</p>
<p>Red Murray’s long shears sliced out the advertisement from the newspaper in four clean strokes. Scissors and paste.</p>
<p>—I’ll go through the printingworks, Mr Bloom said, taking the cut square.</p>
<p>—Of course, if he wants a par, Red Murray said earnestly, a pen behind his ear, we can do him one.</p>
<p>—Right, Mr Bloom said with a nod. I’ll rub that in.</p>
<p>We.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00014"><strong>WILLIAM BRAYDEN, ESQUIRE, OF OAKLANDS, SANDYMOUNT</strong></h4>
<p>Red Murray touched Mr Bloom’s arm with the shears and whispered:</p>
<p>—Brayden.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom turned and saw the liveried porter raise his lettered cap as a stately figure entered between the newsboards of the <em>Weekly Freeman and National Press</em> and the <em>Freeman’s Journal and National Press</em>. Dullthudding Guinness’s barrels. It passed statelily up the staircase, steered by an umbrella, a solemn beardframed face. The broadcloth back ascended each step: back. All his brains are in the nape of his neck, Simon Dedalus says. Welts of flesh behind on him. Fat folds of neck, fat, neck, fat, neck.</p>
<p>—Don’t you think his face is like Our Saviour? Red Murray whispered.</p>
<p>The door of Ruttledge’s office whispered: ee: cree. They always build one door opposite another for the wind to. Way in. Way out.</p>
<p>Our Saviour: beardframed oval face: talking in the dusk. Mary, Martha. Steered by an umbrella sword to the footlights: Mario the tenor.</p>
<p>—Or like Mario, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>—Yes, Red Murray agreed. But Mario was said to be the picture of Our Saviour.</p>
<p>Jesusmario with rougy cheeks, doublet and spindle legs. Hand on his heart. In <em>Martha.</em></p>
<p>Co-ome thou lost one,<br />
Co-ome thou dear one!</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00015"><strong>THE CROZIER AND THE PEN</strong></h4>
<p>—His grace phoned down twice this morning, Red Murray said gravely.</p>
<p>They watched the knees, legs, boots vanish. Neck.</p>
<p>A telegram boy stepped in nimbly, threw an envelope on the counter and stepped off posthaste with a word:</p>
<p><em>—Freeman!</em></p>
<p>Mr Bloom said slowly:</p>
<p>—Well, he is one of our saviours also.</p>
<p>A meek smile accompanied him as he lifted the counterflap, as he passed in through a sidedoor and along the warm dark stairs and passage, along the now reverberating boards. But will he save the circulation? Thumping. Thumping.</p>
<p>He pushed in the glass swingdoor and entered, stepping over strewn packing paper. Through a lane of clanking drums he made his way towards Nannetti’s reading closet.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00016"><strong>WITH UNFEIGNED REGRET IT IS WE ANNOUNCE THE DISSOLUTION OF A MOST RESPECTED DUBLIN BURGESS</strong></h4>
<p>Hynes here too: account of the funeral probably. Thumping. Thump. This morning the remains of the late Mr Patrick Dignam. Machines. Smash a man to atoms if they got him caught. Rule the world today. His machineries are pegging away too. Like these, got out of hand: fermenting. Working away, tearing away. And that old grey rat tearing to get in.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00017"><strong>HOW A GREAT DAILY ORGAN IS TURNED OUT</strong></h4>
<p>Mr Bloom halted behind the foreman’s spare body, admiring a glossy crown.</p>
<p>Strange he never saw his real country. Ireland my country. Member for College green. He boomed that workaday worker tack for all it was worth. It’s the ads and side features sell a weekly, not the stale news in the official gazette. Queen Anne is dead. Published by authority in the year one thousand and. Demesne situate in the townland of Rosenallis, barony of Tinnahinch. To all whom it may concern schedule pursuant to statute showing return of number of mules and jennets exported from Ballina. Nature notes. Cartoons. Phil Blake’s weekly Pat and Bull story. Uncle Toby’s page for tiny tots. Country bumpkin’s queries. Dear Mr Editor, what is a good cure for flatulence? I’d like that part. Learn a lot teaching others. The personal note. M. A. P. Mainly all pictures. Shapely bathers on golden strand. World’s biggest balloon. Double marriage of sisters celebrated. Two bridegrooms laughing heartily at each other. Cuprani too, printer. More Irish than the Irish.</p>
<p>The machines clanked in threefour time. Thump, thump, thump. Now if he got paralysed there and no-one knew how to stop them they’d clank on and on the same, print it over and over and up and back. Monkeydoodle the whole thing. Want a cool head.</p>
<p>—Well, get it into the evening edition, councillor, Hynes said.</p>
<p>Soon be calling him my lord mayor. Long John is backing him, they say.</p>
<p>The foreman, without answering, scribbled press on a corner of the sheet and made a sign to a typesetter. He handed the sheet silently over the dirty glass screen.</p>
<p>—Right: thanks, Hynes said moving off.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom stood in his way.</p>
<p>—If you want to draw the cashier is just going to lunch, he said, pointing backward with his thumb.</p>
<p>—Did you? Hynes asked.</p>
<p>—Mm, Mr Bloom said. Look sharp and you’ll catch him.</p>
<p>—Thanks, old man, Hynes said. I’ll tap him too.</p>
<p>He hurried on eagerly towards the <em>Freeman’s Journal</em>.</p>
<p>Three bob I lent him in Meagher’s. Three weeks. Third hint.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00018"><strong>WE SEE THE CANVASSER AT WORK</strong></h4>
<p>Mr Bloom laid his cutting on Mr Nannetti’s desk.</p>
<p>—Excuse me, councillor, he said. This ad, you see. Keyes, you remember?</p>
<p>Mr Nannetti considered the cutting awhile and nodded.</p>
<p>—He wants it in for July, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>The foreman moved his pencil towards it.</p>
<p>—But wait, Mr Bloom said. He wants it changed. Keyes, you see. He wants two keys at the top.</p>
<p>Hell of a racket they make. He doesn’t hear it. Nannan. Iron nerves. Maybe he understands what I.</p>
<p>The foreman turned round to hear patiently and, lifting an elbow, began to scratch slowly in the armpit of his alpaca jacket.</p>
<p>—Like that, Mr Bloom said, crossing his forefingers at the top.</p>
<p>Let him take that in first.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, glancing sideways up from the cross he had made, saw the foreman’s sallow face, think he has a touch of jaundice, and beyond the obedient reels feeding in huge webs of paper. Clank it. Clank it. Miles of it unreeled. What becomes of it after? O, wrap up meat, parcels: various uses, thousand and one things.</p>
<p>Slipping his words deftly into the pauses of the clanking he drew swiftly on the scarred woodwork.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00019"><strong>HOUSE OF KEY(E)S</strong></h4>
<p>—Like that, see. Two crossed keys here. A circle. Then here the name. Alexander Keyes, tea, wine and spirit merchant. So on.</p>
<p>Better not teach him his own business.</p>
<p>—You know yourself, councillor, just what he wants. Then round the top in leaded: the house of keys. You see? Do you think that’s a good idea?</p>
<p>The foreman moved his scratching hand to his lower ribs and scratched there quietly.</p>
<p>—The idea, Mr Bloom said, is the house of keys. You know, councillor, the Manx parliament. Innuendo of home rule. Tourists, you know, from the isle of Man. Catches the eye, you see. Can you do that?</p>
<p>I could ask him perhaps about how to pronounce that <em>voglio.</em> But then if he didn’t know only make it awkward for him. Better not.</p>
<p>—We can do that, the foreman said. Have you the design?</p>
<p>—I can get it, Mr Bloom said. It was in a Kilkenny paper. He has a house there too. I’ll just run out and ask him. Well, you can do that and just a little par calling attention. You know the usual. Highclass licensed premises. Longfelt want. So on.</p>
<p>The foreman thought for an instant.</p>
<p>—We can do that, he said. Let him give us a three months’ renewal.</p>
<p>A typesetter brought him a limp galleypage. He began to check it silently. Mr Bloom stood by, hearing the loud throbs of cranks, watching the silent typesetters at their cases.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00020"><strong>ORTHOGRAPHICAL</strong></h4>
<p>Want to be sure of his spelling. Proof fever. Martin Cunningham forgot to give us his spellingbee conundrum this morning. It is amusing to view the unpar one ar alleled embarra two ars is it? double ess ment of a harassed pedlar while gauging au the symmetry with a y of a peeled pear under a cemetery wall. Silly, isn’t it? Cemetery put in of course on account of the symmetry.</p>
<p>I should have said when he clapped on his topper. Thank you. I ought to have said something about an old hat or something. No. I could have said. Looks as good as new now. See his phiz then.</p>
<p>Sllt. The nethermost deck of the first machine jogged forward its flyboard with sllt the first batch of quirefolded papers. Sllt. Almost human the way it sllt to call attention. Doing its level best to speak. That door too sllt creaking, asking to be shut. Everything speaks in its own way. Sllt.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00021"><strong>NOTED CHURCHMAN AN OCCASIONAL CONTRIBUTOR</strong></h4>
<p>The foreman handed back the galleypage suddenly, saying:</p>
<p>—Wait. Where’s the archbishop’s letter? It’s to be repeated in the <em>Telegraph.</em> Where’s what’s his name?</p>
<p>He looked about him round his loud unanswering machines.</p>
<p>—Monks, sir? a voice asked from the castingbox.</p>
<p>—Ay. Where’s Monks?</p>
<p>—Monks!</p>
<p>Mr Bloom took up his cutting. Time to get out.</p>
<p>—Then I’ll get the design, Mr Nannetti, he said, and you’ll give it a good place I know.</p>
<p>—Monks!</p>
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<p>Three months’ renewal. Want to get some wind off my chest first. Try it anyhow. Rub in August: good idea: horseshow month. Ballsbridge. Tourists over for the show.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00022"><strong>A DAYFATHER</strong></h4>
<p>He walked on through the caseroom passing an old man, bowed, spectacled, aproned. Old Monks, the dayfather. Queer lot of stuff he must have put through his hands in his time: obituary notices, pubs’ ads, speeches, divorce suits, found drowned. Nearing the end of his tether now. Sober serious man with a bit in the savingsbank I’d say. Wife a good cook and washer. Daughter working the machine in the parlour. Plain Jane, no damn nonsense.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00023"><strong>AND IT WAS THE FEAST OF THE PASSOVER</strong></h4>
<p>He stayed in his walk to watch a typesetter neatly distributing type. Reads it backwards first. Quickly he does it. Must require some practice that. mangiD kcirtaP. Poor papa with his hagadah book, reading backwards with his finger to me. Pessach. Next year in Jerusalem. Dear, O dear! All that long business about that brought us out of the land of Egypt and into the house of bondage <em>alleluia. Shema Israel Adonai Elohenu</em>. No, that’s the other. Then the twelve brothers, Jacob’s sons. And then the lamb and the cat and the dog and the stick and the water and the butcher. And then the angel of death kills the butcher and he kills the ox and the dog kills the cat. Sounds a bit silly till you come to look into it well. Justice it means but it’s everybody eating everyone else. That’s what life is after all. How quickly he does that job. Practice makes perfect. Seems to see with his fingers.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom passed on out of the clanking noises through the gallery on to the landing. Now am I going to tram it out all the way and then catch him out perhaps. Better phone him up first. Number? Yes. Same as Citron’s house. Twentyeight. Twentyeight double four.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00024"><strong>ONLY ONCE MORE THAT SOAP</strong></h4>
<p>He went down the house staircase. Who the deuce scrawled all over those walls with matches? Looks as if they did it for a bet. Heavy greasy smell there always is in those works. Lukewarm glue in Thom’s next door when I was there.</p>
<p>He took out his handkerchief to dab his nose. Citronlemon? Ah, the soap I put there. Lose it out of that pocket. Putting back his handkerchief he took out the soap and stowed it away, buttoned, into the hip pocket of his trousers.</p>
<p>What perfume does your wife use? I could go home still: tram: something I forgot. Just to see: before: dressing. No. Here. No.</p>
<p>A sudden screech of laughter came from the <em>Evening Telegraph</em> office. Know who that is. What’s up? Pop in a minute to phone. Ned Lambert it is.</p>
<p>He entered softly.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00025"><strong>ERIN, GREEN GEM OF THE SILVER SEA</strong></h4>
<p>—The ghost walks, professor MacHugh murmured softly, biscuitfully to the dusty windowpane.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus, staring from the empty fireplace at Ned Lambert’s quizzing face, asked of it sourly:</p>
<p>—Agonising Christ, wouldn’t it give you a heartburn on your arse?</p>
<p>Ned Lambert, seated on the table, read on:</p>
<p>—<em>Or again, note the meanderings of some purling rill as it babbles on its way, tho’ quarrelling with the stony obstacles, to the tumbling waters of Neptune’s blue domain, ’mid mossy banks, fanned by gentlest zephyrs, played on by the glorious sunlight or ’neath the shadows cast o’er its pensive bosom by the overarching leafage of the giants of the forest</em>. What about that, Simon? he asked over the fringe of his newspaper. How’s that for high?</p>
<p>—Changing his drink, Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert, laughing, struck the newspaper on his knees, repeating:</p>
<p>—<em>The pensive bosom and the overarsing leafage</em>. O boys! O boys!</p>
<p>—And Xenophon looked upon Marathon, Mr Dedalus said, looking again on the fireplace and to the window, and Marathon looked on the sea.</p>
<p>—That will do, professor MacHugh cried from the window. I don’t want to hear any more of the stuff.</p>
<p>He ate off the crescent of water biscuit he had been nibbling and, hungered, made ready to nibble the biscuit in his other hand.</p>
<p>High falutin stuff. Bladderbags. Ned Lambert is taking a day off I see. Rather upsets a man’s day, a funeral does. He has influence they say. Old Chatterton, the vicechancellor, is his granduncle or his greatgranduncle. Close on ninety they say. Subleader for his death written this long time perhaps. Living to spite them. Might go first himself. Johnny, make room for your uncle. The right honourable Hedges Eyre Chatterton. Daresay he writes him an odd shaky cheque or two on gale days. Windfall when he kicks out. Alleluia.</p>
<p>—Just another spasm, Ned Lambert said.</p>
<p>—What is it? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>—A recently discovered fragment of Cicero, professor MacHugh answered with pomp of tone. <em>Our lovely land</em>.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00026"><strong>SHORT BUT TO THE POINT</strong></h4>
<p>—Whose land? Mr Bloom said simply.</p>
<p>—Most pertinent question, the professor said between his chews. With an accent on the whose.</p>
<p>—Dan Dawson’s land Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>—Is it his speech last night? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert nodded.</p>
<p>—But listen to this, he said.</p>
<p>The doorknob hit Mr Bloom in the small of the back as the door was pushed in.</p>
<p>—Excuse me, J. J. O’Molloy said, entering.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom moved nimbly aside.</p>
<p>—I beg yours, he said.</p>
<p>—Good day, Jack.</p>
<p>—Come in. Come in.</p>
<p>—Good day.</p>
<p>—How are you, Dedalus?</p>
<p>—Well. And yourself?</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy shook his head.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00027"><strong>SAD</strong></h4>
<p>Cleverest fellow at the junior bar he used to be. Decline, poor chap. That hectic flush spells finis for a man. Touch and go with him. What’s in the wind, I wonder. Money worry.</p>
<p>—<em>Or again if we but climb the serried mountain peaks.</em></p>
<p>—You’re looking extra.</p>
<p>—Is the editor to be seen? J. J. O’Molloy asked, looking towards the inner door.</p>
<p>—Very much so, professor MacHugh said. To be seen and heard. He’s in his sanctum with Lenehan.</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy strolled to the sloping desk and began to turn back the pink pages of the file.</p>
<p>Practice dwindling. A mighthavebeen. Losing heart. Gambling. Debts of honour. Reaping the whirlwind. Used to get good retainers from D. and T. Fitzgerald. Their wigs to show the grey matter. Brains on their sleeve like the statue in Glasnevin. Believe he does some literary work for the <em>Express</em> with Gabriel Conroy. Wellread fellow. Myles Crawford began on the <em>Independent.</em> Funny the way those newspaper men veer about when they get wind of a new opening. Weathercocks. Hot and cold in the same breath. Wouldn’t know which to believe. One story good till you hear the next. Go for one another baldheaded in the papers and then all blows over. Hail fellow well met the next moment.</p>
<p>—Ah, listen to this for God’ sake, Ned Lambert pleaded. <em>Or again if we but climb the serried mountain peaks...</em></p>
<p>—Bombast! the professor broke in testily. Enough of the inflated windbag!</p>
<p>—<em>Peaks</em>, Ned Lambert went on, <em>towering high on high, to bathe our souls, as it were...</em></p>
<p>—Bathe his lips, Mr Dedalus said. Blessed and eternal God! Yes? Is he taking anything for it?</p>
<p><em>—As ’twere, in the peerless panorama of Ireland’s portfolio, unmatched, despite their wellpraised prototypes in other vaunted prize regions, for very beauty, of bosky grove and undulating plain and luscious pastureland of vernal green, steeped in the transcendent translucent glow of our mild mysterious Irish twilight...</em></p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00028"><strong>HIS NATIVE DORIC</strong></h4>
<p>—The moon, professor MacHugh said. He forgot Hamlet.</p>
<p><em>—That mantles the vista far and wide and wait till the glowing orb of the moon shine forth to irradiate her silver effulgence...</em></p>
<p>—O! Mr Dedalus cried, giving vent to a hopeless groan. Shite and onions! That’ll do, Ned. Life is too short.</p>
<p>He took off his silk hat and, blowing out impatiently his bushy moustache, welshcombed his hair with raking fingers.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert tossed the newspaper aside, chuckling with delight. An instant after a hoarse bark of laughter burst over professor MacHugh’s unshaven blackspectacled face.</p>
<p>—Doughy Daw! he cried.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00029"><strong>WHAT WETHERUP SAID</strong></h4>
<p>All very fine to jeer at it now in cold print but it goes down like hot cake that stuff. He was in the bakery line too, wasn’t he? Why they call him Doughy Daw. Feathered his nest well anyhow. Daughter engaged to that chap in the inland revenue office with the motor. Hooked that nicely. Entertainments. Open house. Big blowout. Wetherup always said that. Get a grip of them by the stomach.</p>
<p>The inner door was opened violently and a scarlet beaked face, crested by a comb of feathery hair, thrust itself in. The bold blue eyes stared about them and the harsh voice asked:</p>
<p>—What is it?</p>
<p>—And here comes the sham squire himself! professor MacHugh said grandly.</p>
<p>—Getonouthat, you bloody old pedagogue! the editor said in recognition.</p>
<p>—Come, Ned, Mr Dedalus said, putting on his hat. I must get a drink after that.</p>
<p>—Drink! the editor cried. No drinks served before mass.</p>
<p>—Quite right too, Mr Dedalus said, going out. Come on, Ned.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert sidled down from the table. The editor’s blue eyes roved towards Mr Bloom’s face, shadowed by a smile.</p>
<p>—Will you join us, Myles? Ned Lambert asked.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00030"><strong>MEMORABLE BATTLES RECALLED</strong></h4>
<p>—North Cork militia! the editor cried, striding to the mantelpiece. We won every time! North Cork and Spanish officers!</p>
<p>—Where was that, Myles? Ned Lambert asked with a reflective glance at his toecaps.</p>
<p>—In Ohio! the editor shouted.</p>
<p>—So it was, begad, Ned Lambert agreed.</p>
<p>Passing out he whispered to J. J. O’Molloy:</p>
<p>—Incipient jigs. Sad case.</p>
<p>—Ohio! the editor crowed in high treble from his uplifted scarlet face. My Ohio!</p>
<p>—A perfect cretic! the professor said. Long, short and long.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00031"><strong>O, HARP EOLIAN!</strong></h4>
<p>He took a reel of dental floss from his waistcoat pocket and, breaking off a piece, twanged it smartly between two and two of his resonant unwashed teeth.</p>
<p>—Bingbang, bangbang.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, seeing the coast clear, made for the inner door.</p>
<p>—Just a moment, Mr Crawford, he said. I just want to phone about an ad.</p>
<p>He went in.</p>
<p>—What about that leader this evening? professor MacHugh asked, coming to the editor and laying a firm hand on his shoulder.</p>
<p>—That’ll be all right, Myles Crawford said more calmly. Never you fret. Hello, Jack. That’s all right.</p>
<p>—Good day, Myles, J. J. O’Molloy said, letting the pages he held slip limply back on the file. Is that Canada swindle case on today?</p>
<p>The telephone whirred inside.</p>
<p>—Twentyeight... No, twenty... Double four... Yes.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00032"><strong>SPOT THE WINNER</strong></h4>
<p>Lenehan came out of the inner office with <em>Sport</em>’s tissues.</p>
<p>—Who wants a dead cert for the Gold cup? he asked. Sceptre with O. Madden up.</p>
<p>He tossed the tissues on to the table.</p>
<p>Screams of newsboys barefoot in the hall rushed near and the door was flung open.</p>
<p>—Hush, Lenehan said. I hear feetstoops.</p>
<p>Professor MacHugh strode across the room and seized the cringing urchin by the collar as the others scampered out of the hall and down the steps. The tissues rustled up in the draught, floated softly in the air blue scrawls and under the table came to earth.</p>
<p>—It wasn’t me, sir. It was the big fellow shoved me, sir.</p>
<p>—Throw him out and shut the door, the editor said. There’s a hurricane blowing.</p>
<p>Lenehan began to paw the tissues up from the floor, grunting as he stooped twice.</p>
<p>—Waiting for the racing special, sir, the newsboy said. It was Pat Farrell shoved me, sir.</p>
<p>He pointed to two faces peering in round the doorframe.</p>
<p>—Him, sir.</p>
<p>—Out of this with you, professor MacHugh said gruffly.</p>
<p>He hustled the boy out and banged the door to.</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy turned the files crackingly over, murmuring, seeking:</p>
<p>—Continued on page six, column four.</p>
<p>—Yes, <em>Evening Telegraph</em> here, Mr Bloom phoned from the inner office. Is the boss...? Yes, <em>Telegraph</em>... To where? Aha! Which auction rooms?... Aha! I see... Right. I’ll catch him.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00033"><strong>A COLLISION ENSUES</strong></h4>
<p>The bell whirred again as he rang off. He came in quickly and bumped against Lenehan who was struggling up with the second tissue.</p>
<p>—<em>Pardon, monsieur</em>, Lenehan said, clutching him for an instant and making a grimace.</p>
<p>—My fault, Mr Bloom said, suffering his grip. Are you hurt? I’m in a hurry.</p>
<p>—Knee, Lenehan said.</p>
<p>He made a comic face and whined, rubbing his knee:</p>
<p>—The accumulation of the <em>anno Domini</em>.</p>
<p>—Sorry, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He went to the door and, holding it ajar, paused. J. J. O’Molloy slapped the heavy pages over. The noise of two shrill voices, a mouthorgan, echoed in the bare hallway from the newsboys squatted on the doorsteps:</p>
<p>We are the boys of Wexford<br />
Who fought with heart and hand.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00034"><strong>EXIT BLOOM</strong></h4>
<p>—I’m just running round to Bachelor’s walk, Mr Bloom said, about this ad of Keyes’s. Want to fix it up. They tell me he’s round there in Dillon’s.</p>
<p>He looked indecisively for a moment at their faces. The editor who, leaning against the mantelshelf, had propped his head on his hand, suddenly stretched forth an arm amply.</p>
<p>—Begone! he said. The world is before you.</p>
<p>—Back in no time, Mr Bloom said, hurrying out.</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy took the tissues from Lenehan’s hand and read them, blowing them apart gently, without comment.</p>
<p>—He’ll get that advertisement, the professor said, staring through his blackrimmed spectacles over the crossblind. Look at the young scamps after him.</p>
<p>—Show. Where? Lenehan cried, running to the window.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00035"><strong>A STREET CORTÈGE</strong></h4>
<p>Both smiled over the crossblind at the file of capering newsboys in Mr Bloom’s wake, the last zigzagging white on the breeze a mocking kite, a tail of white bowknots.</p>
<p>—Look at the young guttersnipe behind him hue and cry, Lenehan said, and you’ll kick. O, my rib risible! Taking off his flat spaugs and the walk. Small nines. Steal upon larks.</p>
<p>He began to mazurka in swift caricature across the floor on sliding feet past the fireplace to J. J. O’Molloy who placed the tissues in his receiving hands.</p>
<p>—What’s that? Myles Crawford said with a start. Where are the other two gone?</p>
<p>—Who? the professor said, turning. They’re gone round to the Oval for a drink. Paddy Hooper is there with Jack Hall. Came over last night.</p>
<p>—Come on then, Myles Crawford said. Where’s my hat?</p>
<p>He walked jerkily into the office behind, parting the vent of his jacket, jingling his keys in his back pocket. They jingled then in the air and against the wood as he locked his desk drawer.</p>
<p>—He’s pretty well on, professor MacHugh said in a low voice.</p>
<p>—Seems to be, J. J. O’Molloy said, taking out a cigarettecase in murmuring meditation, but it is not always as it seems. Who has the most matches?</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00036"><strong>THE CALUMET OF PEACE</strong></h4>
<p>He offered a cigarette to the professor and took one himself. Lenehan promptly struck a match for them and lit their cigarettes in turn. J. J. O’Molloy opened his case again and offered it.</p>
<p>—<em>Thanky vous</em>, Lenehan said, helping himself.</p>
<p>The editor came from the inner office, a straw hat awry on his brow. He declaimed in song, pointing sternly at professor MacHugh:</p>
<p>’Twas rank and fame that tempted thee,<br />
’Twas empire charmed thy heart.</p>
<p>The professor grinned, locking his long lips.</p>
<p>—Eh? You bloody old Roman empire? Myles Crawford said.</p>
<p>He took a cigarette from the open case. Lenehan, lighting it for him with quick grace, said:</p>
<p>—Silence for my brandnew riddle!</p>
<p>—<em>Imperium romanum</em>, J. J. O’Molloy said gently. It sounds nobler than British or Brixton. The word reminds one somehow of fat in the fire.</p>
<p>Myles Crawford blew his first puff violently towards the ceiling.</p>
<p>—That’s it, he said. We are the fat. You and I are the fat in the fire. We haven’t got the chance of a snowball in hell.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00037"><strong>THE GRANDEUR THAT WAS ROME</strong></h4>
<p>—Wait a moment, professor MacHugh said, raising two quiet claws. We mustn’t be led away by words, by sounds of words. We think of Rome, imperial, imperious, imperative.</p>
<p>He extended elocutionary arms from frayed stained shirtcuffs, pausing:</p>
<p>—What was their civilisation? Vast, I allow: but vile. Cloacae: sewers. The Jews in the wilderness and on the mountaintop said: <em>It is meet to be here. Let us build an altar to Jehovah</em>. The Roman, like the Englishman who follows in his footsteps, brought to every new shore on which he set his foot (on our shore he never set it) only his cloacal obsession. He gazed about him in his toga and he said: <em>It is meet to be here. Let us construct a watercloset.</em></p>
<p>—Which they accordingly did do, Lenehan said. Our old ancient ancestors, as we read in the first chapter of Guinness’s, were partial to the running stream.</p>
<p>—They were nature’s gentlemen, J. J. O’Molloy murmured. But we have also Roman law.</p>
<p>—And Pontius Pilate is its prophet, professor MacHugh responded.</p>
<p>—Do you know that story about chief baron Palles? J. J. O’Molloy asked. It was at the royal university dinner. Everything was going swimmingly ...</p>
<p>—First my riddle, Lenehan said. Are you ready?</p>
<p>Mr O’Madden Burke, tall in copious grey of Donegal tweed, came in from the hallway. Stephen Dedalus, behind him, uncovered as he entered.</p>
<p>—<em>Entrez, mes enfants!</em> Lenehan cried.</p>
<p>—I escort a suppliant, Mr O’Madden Burke said melodiously. Youth led by Experience visits Notoriety.</p>
<p>—How do you do? the editor said, holding out a hand. Come in. Your governor is just gone.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00038"><strong>???</strong></h4>
<p>Lenehan said to all:</p>
<p>—Silence! What opera resembles a railwayline? Reflect, ponder, excogitate, reply.</p>
<p>Stephen handed over the typed sheets, pointing to the title and signature.</p>
<p>—Who? the editor asked.</p>
<p>Bit torn off.</p>
<p>—Mr Garrett Deasy, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—That old pelters, the editor said. Who tore it? Was he short taken?</p>
<p>On swift sail flaming<br />
From storm and south<br />
He comes, pale vampire,<br />
Mouth to my mouth.</p>
<p>—Good day, Stephen, the professor said, coming to peer over their shoulders. Foot and mouth? Are you turned...?</p>
<p>Bullockbefriending bard.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00039"><strong>SHINDY IN WELLKNOWN RESTAURANT</strong></h4>
<p>—Good day, sir, Stephen answered blushing. The letter is not mine. Mr Garrett Deasy asked me to...</p>
<p>—O, I know him, Myles Crawford said, and I knew his wife too. The bloodiest old tartar God ever made. By Jesus, she had the foot and mouth disease and no mistake! The night she threw the soup in the waiter’s face in the Star and Garter. Oho!</p>
<p>A woman brought sin into the world. For Helen, the runaway wife of Menelaus, ten years the Greeks. O’Rourke, prince of Breffni.</p>
<p>—Is he a widower? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>—Ay, a grass one, Myles Crawford said, his eye running down the typescript. Emperor’s horses. Habsburg. An Irishman saved his life on the ramparts of Vienna. Don’t you forget! Maximilian Karl O’Donnell, graf von Tirconnell in Ireland. Sent his heir over to make the king an Austrian fieldmarshal now. Going to be trouble there one day. Wild geese. O yes, every time. Don’t you forget that!</p>
<p>—The moot point is did he forget it, J. J. O’Molloy said quietly, turning a horseshoe paperweight. Saving princes is a thank you job.</p>
<p>Professor MacHugh turned on him.</p>
<p>—And if not? he said.</p>
<p>—I’ll tell you how it was, Myles Crawford began. A Hungarian it was one day...</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00040"><strong>LOST CAUSES NOBLE MARQUESS MENTIONED</strong></h4>
<p>—We were always loyal to lost causes, the professor said. Success for us is the death of the intellect and of the imagination. We were never loyal to the successful. We serve them. I teach the blatant Latin language. I speak the tongue of a race the acme of whose mentality is the maxim: time is money. Material domination. <em>Dominus!</em> Lord! Where is the spirituality? Lord Jesus? Lord Salisbury? A sofa in a westend club. But the Greek!</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00041"><strong>KYRIE ELEISON!</strong></h4>
<p>A smile of light brightened his darkrimmed eyes, lengthened his long lips.</p>
<p>—The Greek! he said again. <em>Kyrios!</em> Shining word! The vowels the Semite and the Saxon know not. <em>Kyrie!</em> The radiance of the intellect. I ought to profess Greek, the language of the mind. <em>Kyrie eleison!</em> The closetmaker and the cloacamaker will never be lords of our spirit. We are liege subjects of the catholic chivalry of Europe that foundered at Trafalgar and of the empire of the spirit, not an <em>imperium,</em> that went under with the Athenian fleets at Aegospotami. Yes, yes. They went under. Pyrrhus, misled by an oracle, made a last attempt to retrieve the fortunes of Greece. Loyal to a lost cause.</p>
<p>He strode away from them towards the window.</p>
<p>—They went forth to battle, Mr O’Madden Burke said greyly, but they always fell.</p>
<p>—Boohoo! Lenehan wept with a little noise. Owing to a brick received in the latter half of the <em>matinée</em>. Poor, poor, poor Pyrrhus!</p>
<p>He whispered then near Stephen’s ear:</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00042"><strong>LENEHAN’S LIMERICK</strong></h4>
<p>—<em>There’s a ponderous pundit MacHugh<br />
Who wears goggles of ebony hue.<br />
As he mostly sees double<br />
To wear them why trouble?<br />
I can’t see the Joe Miller. Can you?</em><br />
<br />
</p>
<p>In mourning for Sallust, Mulligan says. Whose mother is beastly dead.</p>
<p>Myles Crawford crammed the sheets into a sidepocket.</p>
<p>—That’ll be all right, he said. I’ll read the rest after. That’ll be all right.</p>
<p>Lenehan extended his hands in protest.</p>
<p>—But my riddle! he said. What opera is like a railwayline?</p>
<p>—Opera? Mr O’Madden Burke’s sphinx face reriddled.</p>
<p>Lenehan announced gladly:</p>
<p>—<em>The Rose of Castile</em>. See the wheeze? Rows of cast steel. Gee!</p>
<p>He poked Mr O’Madden Burke mildly in the spleen. Mr O’Madden Burke fell back with grace on his umbrella, feigning a gasp.</p>
<p>—Help! he sighed. I feel a strong weakness.</p>
<p>Lenehan, rising to tiptoe, fanned his face rapidly with the rustling tissues.</p>
<p>The professor, returning by way of the files, swept his hand across Stephen’s and Mr O’Madden Burke’s loose ties.</p>
<p>—Paris, past and present, he said. You look like communards.</p>
<p>—Like fellows who had blown up the Bastile, J. J. O’Molloy said in quiet mockery. Or was it you shot the lord lieutenant of Finland between you? You look as though you had done the deed. General Bobrikoff.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00043"><strong>OMNIUM GATHERUM</strong></h4>
<p>—We were only thinking about it, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—All the talents, Myles Crawford said. Law, the classics...</p>
<p>—The turf, Lenehan put in.</p>
<p>—Literature, the press.</p>
<p>—If Bloom were here, the professor said. The gentle art of advertisement.</p>
<p>—And Madam Bloom, Mr O’Madden Burke added. The vocal muse. Dublin’s prime favourite.</p>
<p>Lenehan gave a loud cough.</p>
<p>—Ahem! he said very softly. O, for a fresh of breath air! I caught a cold in the park. The gate was open.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00044"><strong>“YOU CAN DO IT!”</strong></h4>
<p>The editor laid a nervous hand on Stephen’s shoulder.</p>
<p>—I want you to write something for me, he said. Something with a bite in it. You can do it. I see it in your face. <em>In the lexicon of youth</em>...</p>
<p>See it in your face. See it in your eye. Lazy idle little schemer.</p>
<p>—Foot and mouth disease! the editor cried in scornful invective. Great nationalist meeting in Borris-in-Ossory. All balls! Bulldosing the public! Give them something with a bite in it. Put us all into it, damn its soul. Father, Son and Holy Ghost and Jakes M’Carthy.</p>
<p>—We can all supply mental pabulum, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<p>Stephen raised his eyes to the bold unheeding stare.</p>
<p>—He wants you for the pressgang, J. J. O’Molloy said.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00045"><strong>THE GREAT GALLAHER</strong></h4>
<p>—You can do it, Myles Crawford repeated, clenching his hand in emphasis. Wait a minute. We’ll paralyse Europe as Ignatius Gallaher used to say when he was on the shaughraun, doing billiardmarking in the Clarence. Gallaher, that was a pressman for you. That was a pen. You know how he made his mark? I’ll tell you. That was the smartest piece of journalism ever known. That was in eightyone, sixth of May, time of the invincibles, murder in the Phoenix park, before you were born, I suppose. I’ll show you.</p>
<p>He pushed past them to the files.</p>
<p>—Look at here, he said turning. The <em>New York World</em> cabled for a special. Remember that time?</p>
<p>Professor MacHugh nodded.</p>
<p>—<em>New York World</em>, the editor said, excitedly pushing back his straw hat. Where it took place. Tim Kelly, or Kavanagh I mean. Joe Brady and the rest of them. Where Skin-the-Goat drove the car. Whole route, see?</p>
<p>—Skin-the-Goat, Mr O’Madden Burke said. Fitzharris. He has that cabman’s shelter, they say, down there at Butt bridge. Holohan told me. You know Holohan?</p>
<p>—Hop and carry one, is it? Myles Crawford said.</p>
<p>—And poor Gumley is down there too, so he told me, minding stones for the corporation. A night watchman.</p>
<p>Stephen turned in surprise.</p>
<p>—Gumley? he said. You don’t say so? A friend of my father’s, is it?</p>
<p>—Never mind Gumley, Myles Crawford cried angrily. Let Gumley mind the stones, see they don’t run away. Look at here. What did Ignatius Gallaher do? I’ll tell you. Inspiration of genius. Cabled right away. Have you <em>Weekly Freeman</em> of 17 March? Right. Have you got that?</p>
<p>He flung back pages of the files and stuck his finger on a point.</p>
<p>—Take page four, advertisement for Bransome’s coffee, let us say. Have you got that? Right.</p>
<p>The telephone whirred.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00046"><strong>A DISTANT VOICE</strong></h4>
<p>—I’ll answer it, the professor said, going.</p>
<p>—B is parkgate. Good.</p>
<p>His finger leaped and struck point after point, vibrating.</p>
<p>—T is viceregal lodge. C is where murder took place. K is Knockmaroon gate.</p>
<p>The loose flesh of his neck shook like a cock’s wattles. An illstarched dicky jutted up and with a rude gesture he thrust it back into his waistcoat.</p>
<p>—Hello? <em>Evening Telegraph</em> here... Hello?... Who’s there?... Yes... Yes... Yes.</p>
<p>—F to P is the route Skin-the-Goat drove the car for an alibi, Inchicore, Roundtown, Windy Arbour, Palmerston Park, Ranelagh. F.A.B.P. Got that? X is Davy’s publichouse in upper Leeson street.</p>
<p>The professor came to the inner door.</p>
<p>—Bloom is at the telephone, he said.</p>
<p>—Tell him go to hell, the editor said promptly. X is Davy’s publichouse, see?</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00047"><strong>CLEVER, VERY</strong></h4>
<p>—Clever, Lenehan said. Very.</p>
<p>—Gave it to them on a hot plate, Myles Crawford said, the whole bloody history.</p>
<p>Nightmare from which you will never awake.</p>
<p>—I saw it, the editor said proudly. I was present. Dick Adams, the besthearted bloody Corkman the Lord ever put the breath of life in, and myself.</p>
<p>Lenehan bowed to a shape of air, announcing:</p>
<p>—Madam, I’m Adam. And Able was I ere I saw Elba.</p>
<p>—History! Myles Crawford cried. The Old Woman of Prince’s street was there first. There was weeping and gnashing of teeth over that. Out of an advertisement. Gregor Grey made the design for it. That gave him the leg up. Then Paddy Hooper worked Tay Pay who took him on to the <em>Star.</em> Now he’s got in with Blumenfeld. That’s press. That’s talent. Pyatt! He was all their daddies!</p>
<p>—The father of scare journalism, Lenehan confirmed, and the brother-in-law of Chris Callinan.</p>
<p>—Hello?... Are you there?... Yes, he’s here still. Come across yourself.</p>
<p>—Where do you find a pressman like that now, eh? the editor cried.</p>
<p>He flung the pages down.</p>
<p>—Clamn dever, Lenehan said to Mr O’Madden Burke.</p>
<p>—Very smart, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<p>Professor MacHugh came from the inner office.</p>
<p>—Talking about the invincibles, he said, did you see that some hawkers were up before the recorder...</p>
<p>—O yes, J. J. O’Molloy said eagerly. Lady Dudley was walking home through the park to see all the trees that were blown down by that cyclone last year and thought she’d buy a view of Dublin. And it turned out to be a commemoration postcard of Joe Brady or Number One or Skin-the-Goat. Right outside the viceregal lodge, imagine!</p>
<p>—They’re only in the hook and eye department, Myles Crawford said. Psha! Press and the bar! Where have you a man now at the bar like those fellows, like Whiteside, like Isaac Butt, like silvertongued O’Hagan. Eh? Ah, bloody nonsense. Psha! Only in the halfpenny place.</p>
<p>His mouth continued to twitch unspeaking in nervous curls of disdain.</p>
<p>Would anyone wish that mouth for her kiss? How do you know? Why did you write it then?</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00048"><strong>RHYMES AND REASONS</strong></h4>
<p>Mouth, south. Is the mouth south someway? Or the south a mouth? Must be some. South, pout, out, shout, drouth. Rhymes: two men dressed the same, looking the same, two by two.</p>
<p>........................ la tua pace<br />
.................. che parlar ti piace<br />
Mentre che il vento, come fa, si tace.</p>
<p>He saw them three by three, approaching girls, in green, in rose, in russet, entwining, <em>per l’aer perso</em>, in mauve, in purple, <em>quella pacifica oriafiamma</em>, gold of oriflamme, <em>di rimirar fè più ardenti.</em> But I old men, penitent, leadenfooted, underdarkneath the night: mouth south: tomb womb.</p>
<p>—Speak up for yourself, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00049"><strong>SUFFICIENT FOR THE DAY...</strong></h4>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy, smiling palely, took up the gage.</p>
<p>—My dear Myles, he said, flinging his cigarette aside, you put a false construction on my words. I hold no brief, as at present advised, for the third profession <em>qua</em> profession but your Cork legs are running away with you. Why not bring in Henry Grattan and Flood and Demosthenes and Edmund Burke? Ignatius Gallaher we all know and his Chapelizod boss, Harmsworth of the farthing press, and his American cousin of the Bowery guttersheet not to mention <em>Paddy Kelly’s Budget</em>, <em>Pue’s Occurrences</em> and our watchful friend <em>The Skibbereen Eagle</em>. Why bring in a master of forensic eloquence like Whiteside? Sufficient for the day is the newspaper thereof.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00050"><strong>LINKS WITH BYGONE DAYS OF YORE</strong></h4>
<p>—Grattan and Flood wrote for this very paper, the editor cried in his face. Irish volunteers. Where are you now? Established 1763. Dr Lucas. Who have you now like John Philpot Curran? Psha!</p>
<p>—Well, J. J. O’Molloy said, Bushe K.C., for example.</p>
<p>—Bushe? the editor said. Well, yes: Bushe, yes. He has a strain of it in his blood. Kendal Bushe or I mean Seymour Bushe.</p>
<p>—He would have been on the bench long ago, the professor said, only for .... But no matter.</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy turned to Stephen and said quietly and slowly:</p>
<p>—One of the most polished periods I think I ever listened to in my life fell from the lips of Seymour Bushe. It was in that case of fratricide, the Childs murder case. Bushe defended him.</p>
<p><em>And in the porches of mine ear did pour.</em></p>
<p>By the way how did he find that out? He died in his sleep. Or the other story, beast with two backs?</p>
<p>—What was that? the professor asked.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00051"><strong>ITALIA, MAGISTRA ARTIUM</strong></h4>
<p>—He spoke on the law of evidence, J. J. O’Molloy said, of Roman justice as contrasted with the earlier Mosaic code, the <em>lex talionis</em>. And he cited the Moses of Michelangelo in the vatican.</p>
<p>—Ha.</p>
<p>—A few wellchosen words, Lenehan prefaced. Silence!</p>
<p>Pause. J. J. O’Molloy took out his cigarettecase.</p>
<p>False lull. Something quite ordinary.</p>
<p>Messenger took out his matchbox thoughtfully and lit his cigar.</p>
<p>I have often thought since on looking back over that strange time that it was that small act, trivial in itself, that striking of that match, that determined the whole aftercourse of both our lives.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00052"><strong>A POLISHED PERIOD</strong></h4>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy resumed, moulding his words:</p>
<p>—He said of it: <em>that stony effigy in frozen music, horned and terrible, of the human form divine, that eternal symbol of wisdom and of prophecy which, if aught that the imagination or the hand of sculptor has wrought in marble of soultransfigured and of soultransfiguring deserves to live, deserves to live.</em></p>
<p>His slim hand with a wave graced echo and fall.</p>
<p>—Fine! Myles Crawford said at once.</p>
<p>—The divine afflatus, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<p>—You like it? J. J. O’Molloy asked Stephen.</p>
<p>Stephen, his blood wooed by grace of language and gesture, blushed. He took a cigarette from the case. J. J. O’Molloy offered his case to Myles Crawford. Lenehan lit their cigarettes as before and took his trophy, saying:</p>
<p>—Muchibus thankibus.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00053"><strong>A MAN OF HIGH MORALE</strong></h4>
<p>—Professor Magennis was speaking to me about you, J. J. O’Molloy said to Stephen. What do you think really of that hermetic crowd, the opal hush poets: A. E. the mastermystic? That Blavatsky woman started it. She was a nice old bag of tricks. A. E. has been telling some yankee interviewer that you came to him in the small hours of the morning to ask him about planes of consciousness. Magennis thinks you must have been pulling A. E.’s leg. He is a man of the very highest morale, Magennis.</p>
<p>Speaking about me. What did he say? What did he say? What did he say about me? Don’t ask.</p>
<p>—No, thanks, professor MacHugh said, waving the cigarettecase aside. Wait a moment. Let me say one thing. The finest display of oratory I ever heard was a speech made by John F Taylor at the college historical society. Mr Justice Fitzgibbon, the present lord justice of appeal, had spoken and the paper under debate was an essay (new for those days), advocating the revival of the Irish tongue.</p>
<p>He turned towards Myles Crawford and said:</p>
<p>—You know Gerald Fitzgibbon. Then you can imagine the style of his discourse.</p>
<p>—He is sitting with Tim Healy, J. J. O’Molloy said, rumour has it, on the Trinity college estates commission.</p>
<p>—He is sitting with a sweet thing, Myles Crawford said, in a child’s frock. Go on. Well?</p>
<p>—It was the speech, mark you, the professor said, of a finished orator, full of courteous haughtiness and pouring in chastened diction I will not say the vials of his wrath but pouring the proud man’s contumely upon the new movement. It was then a new movement. We were weak, therefore worthless.</p>
<p>He closed his long thin lips an instant but, eager to be on, raised an outspanned hand to his spectacles and, with trembling thumb and ringfinger touching lightly the black rims, steadied them to a new focus.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00054"><strong>IMPROMPTU</strong></h4>
<p>In ferial tone he addressed J. J. O’Molloy:</p>
<p>—Taylor had come there, you must know, from a sickbed. That he had prepared his speech I do not believe for there was not even one shorthandwriter in the hall. His dark lean face had a growth of shaggy beard round it. He wore a loose white silk neckcloth and altogether he looked (though he was not) a dying man.</p>
<p>His gaze turned at once but slowly from J. J. O’Molloy’s towards Stephen’s face and then bent at once to the ground, seeking. His unglazed linen collar appeared behind his bent head, soiled by his withering hair. Still seeking, he said:</p>
<p>—When Fitzgibbon’s speech had ended John F Taylor rose to reply. Briefly, as well as I can bring them to mind, his words were these.</p>
<p>He raised his head firmly. His eyes bethought themselves once more. Witless shellfish swam in the gross lenses to and fro, seeking outlet.</p>
<p>He began:</p>
<p><em>—Mr Chairman, ladies and gentlemen: Great was my admiration in listening to the remarks addressed to the youth of Ireland a moment since by my learned friend. It seemed to me that I had been transported into a country far away from this country, into an age remote from this age, that I stood in ancient Egypt and that I was listening to the speech of some highpriest of that land addressed to the youthful Moses.</em></p>
<p>His listeners held their cigarettes poised to hear, their smokes ascending in frail stalks that flowered with his speech. <em>And let our crooked smokes.</em> Noble words coming. Look out. Could you try your hand at it yourself?</p>
<p><em>—And it seemed to me that I heard the voice of that Egyptian highpriest raised in a tone of like haughtiness and like pride. I heard his words and their meaning was revealed to me.</em></p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00055"><strong>FROM THE FATHERS</strong></h4>
<p>It was revealed to me that those things are good which yet are corrupted which neither if they were supremely good nor unless they were good could be corrupted. Ah, curse you! That’s saint Augustine.</p>
<p><em>—Why will you jews not accept our culture, our religion and our language? You are a tribe of nomad herdsmen: we are a mighty people. You have no cities nor no wealth: our cities are hives of humanity and our galleys, trireme and quadrireme, laden with all manner merchandise furrow the waters of the known globe. You have but emerged from primitive conditions: we have a literature, a priesthood, an agelong history and a polity.</em></p>
<p>Nile.</p>
<p>Child, man, effigy.</p>
<p>By the Nilebank the babemaries kneel, cradle of bulrushes: a man supple in combat: stonehorned, stonebearded, heart of stone.</p>
<p><em>—You pray to a local and obscure idol: our temples, majestic and mysterious, are the abodes of Isis and Osiris, of Horus and Ammon Ra. Yours serfdom, awe and humbleness: ours thunder and the seas. Israel is weak and few are her children: Egypt is an host and terrible are her arms. Vagrants and daylabourers are you called: the world trembles at our name.</em></p>
<p>A dumb belch of hunger cleft his speech. He lifted his voice above it boldly:</p>
<p><em>—But, ladies and gentlemen, had the youthful Moses listened to and accepted that view of life, had he bowed his head and bowed his will and bowed his spirit before that arrogant admonition he would never have brought the chosen people out of their house of bondage, nor followed the pillar of the cloud by day. He would never have spoken with the Eternal amid lightnings on Sinai’s mountaintop nor ever have come down with the light of inspiration shining in his countenance and bearing in his arms the tables of the law, graven in the language of the outlaw.</em></p>
<p>He ceased and looked at them, enjoying a silence.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00056"><strong>OMINOUS—FOR HIM!</strong></h4>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy said not without regret:</p>
<p>—And yet he died without having entered the land of promise.</p>
<p>—A—sudden—at—the—moment—though—from—lingering—illness—often—previously—expectorated—demise, Lenehan added. And with a great future behind him.</p>
<p>The troop of bare feet was heard rushing along the hallway and pattering up the staircase.</p>
<p>—That is oratory, the professor said uncontradicted.</p>
<p>Gone with the wind. Hosts at Mullaghmast and Tara of the kings. Miles of ears of porches. The tribune’s words, howled and scattered to the four winds. A people sheltered within his voice. Dead noise. Akasic records of all that ever anywhere wherever was. Love and laud him: me no more.</p>
<p>I have money.</p>
<p>—Gentlemen, Stephen said. As the next motion on the agenda paper may I suggest that the house do now adjourn?</p>
<p>—You take my breath away. It is not perchance a French compliment? Mr O’Madden Burke asked. ’Tis the hour, methinks, when the winejug, metaphorically speaking, is most grateful in Ye ancient hostelry.</p>
<p>—That it be and hereby is resolutely resolved. All that are in favour say ay, Lenehan announced. The contrary no. I declare it carried. To which particular boosing shed...? My casting vote is: Mooney’s!</p>
<p>He led the way, admonishing:</p>
<p>—We will sternly refuse to partake of strong waters, will we not? Yes, we will not. By no manner of means.</p>
<p>Mr O’Madden Burke, following close, said with an ally’s lunge of his umbrella:</p>
<p>—Lay on, Macduff!</p>
<p>—Chip of the old block! the editor cried, clapping Stephen on the shoulder. Let us go. Where are those blasted keys?</p>
<p>He fumbled in his pocket pulling out the crushed typesheets.</p>
<p>—Foot and mouth. I know. That’ll be all right. That’ll go in. Where are they? That’s all right.</p>
<p>He thrust the sheets back and went into the inner office.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00057"><strong>LET US HOPE</strong></h4>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy, about to follow him in, said quietly to Stephen:</p>
<p>—I hope you will live to see it published. Myles, one moment.</p>
<p>He went into the inner office, closing the door behind him.</p>
<p>—Come along, Stephen, the professor said. That is fine, isn’t it? It has the prophetic vision. <em>Fuit Ilium!</em> The sack of windy Troy. Kingdoms of this world. The masters of the Mediterranean are fellaheen today.</p>
<p>The first newsboy came pattering down the stairs at their heels and rushed out into the street, yelling:</p>
<p>—Racing special!</p>
<p>Dublin. I have much, much to learn.</p>
<p>They turned to the left along Abbey street.</p>
<p>—I have a vision too, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—Yes? the professor said, skipping to get into step. Crawford will follow.</p>
<p>Another newsboy shot past them, yelling as he ran:</p>
<p>—Racing special!</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00058"><strong>DEAR DIRTY DUBLIN</strong></h4>
<p>Dubliners.</p>
<p>—Two Dublin vestals, Stephen said, elderly and pious, have lived fifty and fiftythree years in Fumbally’s lane.</p>
<p>—Where is that? the professor asked.</p>
<p>—Off Blackpitts, Stephen said.</p>
<p>Damp night reeking of hungry dough. Against the wall. Face glistering tallow under her fustian shawl. Frantic hearts. Akasic records. Quicker, darlint!</p>
<p>On now. Dare it. Let there be life.</p>
<p>—They want to see the views of Dublin from the top of Nelson’s pillar. They save up three and tenpence in a red tin letterbox moneybox. They shake out the threepenny bits and sixpences and coax out the pennies with the blade of a knife. Two and three in silver and one and seven in coppers. They put on their bonnets and best clothes and take their umbrellas for fear it may come on to rain.</p>
<p>—Wise virgins, professor MacHugh said.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00059"><strong>LIFE ON THE RAW</strong></h4>
<p>—They buy one and fourpenceworth of brawn and four slices of panloaf at the north city diningrooms in Marlborough street from Miss Kate Collins, proprietress... They purchase four and twenty ripe plums from a girl at the foot of Nelson’s pillar to take off the thirst of the brawn. They give two threepenny bits to the gentleman at the turnstile and begin to waddle slowly up the winding staircase, grunting, encouraging each other, afraid of the dark, panting, one asking the other have you the brawn, praising God and the Blessed Virgin, threatening to come down, peeping at the airslits. Glory be to God. They had no idea it was that high.</p>
<p>Their names are Anne Kearns and Florence MacCabe. Anne Kearns has the lumbago for which she rubs on Lourdes water, given her by a lady who got a bottleful from a passionist father. Florence MacCabe takes a crubeen and a bottle of double X for supper every Saturday.</p>
<p>—Antithesis, the professor said nodding twice. Vestal virgins. I can see them. What’s keeping our friend?</p>
<p>He turned.</p>
<p>A bevy of scampering newsboys rushed down the steps, scattering in all directions, yelling, their white papers fluttering. Hard after them Myles Crawford appeared on the steps, his hat aureoling his scarlet face, talking with J. J. O’Molloy.</p>
<p>—Come along, the professor cried, waving his arm.</p>
<p>He set off again to walk by Stephen’s side.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00060"><strong>RETURN OF BLOOM</strong></h4>
<p>—Yes, he said. I see them.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, breathless, caught in a whirl of wild newsboys near the offices of the <em>Irish Catholic</em> and <em>Dublin Penny Journal</em>, called:</p>
<p>—Mr Crawford! A moment!</p>
<p>—<em>Telegraph</em>! Racing special!</p>
<p>—What is it? Myles Crawford said, falling back a pace.</p>
<p>A newsboy cried in Mr Bloom’s face:</p>
<p>—Terrible tragedy in Rathmines! A child bit by a bellows!</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00061"><strong>INTERVIEW WITH THE EDITOR</strong></h4>
<p>—Just this ad, Mr Bloom said, pushing through towards the steps, puffing, and taking the cutting from his pocket. I spoke with Mr Keyes just now. He’ll give a renewal for two months, he says. After he’ll see. But he wants a par to call attention in the <em>Telegraph</em> too, the Saturday pink. And he wants it copied if it’s not too late I told councillor Nannetti from the <em>Kilkenny People</em>. I can have access to it in the national library. House of keys, don’t you see? His name is Keyes. It’s a play on the name. But he practically promised he’d give the renewal. But he wants just a little puff. What will I tell him, Mr Crawford?</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00062"><strong>K.M.A.</strong></h4>
<p>—Will you tell him he can kiss my arse? Myles Crawford said throwing out his arm for emphasis. Tell him that straight from the stable.</p>
<p>A bit nervy. Look out for squalls. All off for a drink. Arm in arm. Lenehan’s yachting cap on the cadge beyond. Usual blarney. Wonder is that young Dedalus the moving spirit. Has a good pair of boots on him today. Last time I saw him he had his heels on view. Been walking in muck somewhere. Careless chap. What was he doing in Irishtown?</p>
<p>—Well, Mr Bloom said, his eyes returning, if I can get the design I suppose it’s worth a short par. He’d give the ad, I think. I’ll tell him...</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00063"><strong>K.M.R.I.A.</strong></h4>
<p>—He can kiss my royal Irish arse, Myles Crawford cried loudly over his shoulder. Any time he likes, tell him.</p>
<p>While Mr Bloom stood weighing the point and about to smile he strode on jerkily.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00064"><strong>RAISING THE WIND</strong></h4>
<p>—<em>Nulla bona</em>, Jack, he said, raising his hand to his chin. I’m up to here. I’ve been through the hoop myself. I was looking for a fellow to back a bill for me no later than last week. Sorry, Jack. You must take the will for the deed. With a heart and a half if I could raise the wind anyhow.</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy pulled a long face and walked on silently. They caught up on the others and walked abreast.</p>
<p>—When they have eaten the brawn and the bread and wiped their twenty fingers in the paper the bread was wrapped in they go nearer to the railings.</p>
<p>—Something for you, the professor explained to Myles Crawford. Two old Dublin women on the top of Nelson’s pillar.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00065"><strong>SOME COLUMN!—THAT’S WHAT WADDLER ONE SAID</strong></h4>
<p>—That’s new, Myles Crawford said. That’s copy. Out for the waxies’ Dargle. Two old trickies, what?</p>
<p>—But they are afraid the pillar will fall, Stephen went on. They see the roofs and argue about where the different churches are: Rathmines’ blue dome, Adam and Eve’s, saint Laurence O’Toole’s. But it makes them giddy to look so they pull up their skirts...</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00066"><strong>THOSE SLIGHTLY RAMBUNCTIOUS FEMALES</strong></h4>
<p>—Easy all, Myles Crawford said. No poetic licence. We’re in the archdiocese here.</p>
<p>—And settle down on their striped petticoats, peering up at the statue of the onehandled adulterer.</p>
<p>—Onehandled adulterer! the professor cried. I like that. I see the idea. I see what you mean.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00067"><strong>DAMES DONATE DUBLIN’S CITS SPEEDPILLS VELOCITOUS AEROLITHS, BELIEF</strong></h4>
<p>—It gives them a crick in their necks, Stephen said, and they are too tired to look up or down or to speak. They put the bag of plums between them and eat the plums out of it, one after another, wiping off with their handkerchiefs the plumjuice that dribbles out of their mouths and spitting the plumstones slowly out between the railings.</p>
<p>He gave a sudden loud young laugh as a close. Lenehan and Mr O’Madden Burke, hearing, turned, beckoned and led on across towards Mooney’s.</p>
<p>—Finished? Myles Crawford said. So long as they do no worse.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00068"><strong>SOPHIST WALLOPS HAUGHTY HELEN SQUARE ON PROBOSCIS. SPARTANS GNASH MOLARS. ITHACANS VOW PEN IS CHAMP.</strong></h4>
<p>—You remind me of Antisthenes, the professor said, a disciple of Gorgias, the sophist. It is said of him that none could tell if he were bitterer against others or against himself. He was the son of a noble and a bondwoman. And he wrote a book in which he took away the palm of beauty from Argive Helen and handed it to poor Penelope.</p>
<p>Poor Penelope. Penelope Rich.</p>
<p>They made ready to cross O’Connell street.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00069"><strong>HELLO THERE, CENTRAL!</strong></h4>
<p>At various points along the eight lines tramcars with motionless trolleys stood in their tracks, bound for or from Rathmines, Rathfarnham, Blackrock, Kingstown and Dalkey, Sandymount Green, Ringsend and Sandymount Tower, Donnybrook, Palmerston Park and Upper Rathmines, all still, becalmed in short circuit. Hackney cars, cabs, delivery waggons, mailvans, private broughams, aerated mineral water floats with rattling crates of bottles, rattled, rolled, horsedrawn, rapidly.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00070"><strong>WHAT?—AND LIKEWISE—WHERE?</strong></h4>
<p>—But what do you call it? Myles Crawford asked. Where did they get the plums?</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00071"><strong>VIRGILIAN, SAYS PEDAGOGUE. SOPHOMORE PLUMPS FOR OLD MAN MOSES.</strong></h4>
<p>—Call it, wait, the professor said, opening his long lips wide to reflect. Call it, let me see. Call it: <em>deus nobis hæc otia fecit.</em></p>
<p>—No, Stephen said. I call it <em>A Pisgah Sight of Palestine</em> or <em>The Parable of The Plums.</em></p>
<p>—I see, the professor said.</p>
<p>He laughed richly.</p>
<p>—I see, he said again with new pleasure. Moses and the promised land. We gave him that idea, he added to J. J. O’Molloy.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00072"><strong>HORATIO IS CYNOSURE THIS FAIR JUNE DAY</strong></h4>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy sent a weary sidelong glance towards the statue and held his peace.</p>
<p>—I see, the professor said.</p>
<p>He halted on sir John Gray’s pavement island and peered aloft at Nelson through the meshes of his wry smile.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00073"><strong>DIMINISHED DIGITS PROVE TOO TITILLATING FOR FRISKY FRUMPS. ANNE WIMBLES, FLO WANGLES—YET CAN YOU BLAME THEM?</strong></h4>
<p>—Onehandled adulterer, he said smiling grimly. That tickles me, I must say.</p>
<p>—Tickled the old ones too, Myles Crawford said, if the God Almighty’s truth was known.</p>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html_pgepubid00074" class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html_chap08"></span>[ 8 ]</h3>
<p>Pineapple rock, lemon platt, butter scotch. A sugarsticky girl shovelling scoopfuls of creams for a christian brother. Some school treat. Bad for their tummies. Lozenge and comfit manufacturer to His Majesty the King. God. Save. Our. Sitting on his throne sucking red jujubes white.</p>
<p>A sombre Y. M. C. A. young man, watchful among the warm sweet fumes of Graham Lemon’s, placed a throwaway in a hand of Mr Bloom.</p>
<p>Heart to heart talks.</p>
<p>Bloo... Me? No.</p>
<p>Blood of the Lamb.</p>
<p>His slow feet walked him riverward, reading. Are you saved? All are washed in the blood of the lamb. God wants blood victim. Birth, hymen, martyr, war, foundation of a building, sacrifice, kidney burntoffering, druids’ altars. Elijah is coming. Dr John Alexander Dowie restorer of the church in Zion is coming.</p>
<p>Is coming! Is coming!! Is coming!!!<br />
All heartily welcome.</p>
<p>Paying game. Torry and Alexander last year. Polygamy. His wife will put the stopper on that. Where was that ad some Birmingham firm the luminous crucifix. Our Saviour. Wake up in the dead of night and see him on the wall, hanging. Pepper’s ghost idea. Iron Nails Ran In.</p>
<p>Phosphorus it must be done with. If you leave a bit of codfish for instance. I could see the bluey silver over it. Night I went down to the pantry in the kitchen. Don’t like all the smells in it waiting to rush out. What was it she wanted? The Malaga raisins. Thinking of Spain. Before Rudy was born. The phosphorescence, that bluey greeny. Very good for the brain.</p>
<p>From Butler’s monument house corner he glanced along Bachelor’s walk. Dedalus’ daughter there still outside Dillon’s auctionrooms. Must be selling off some old furniture. Knew her eyes at once from the father. Lobbing about waiting for him. Home always breaks up when the mother goes. Fifteen children he had. Birth every year almost. That’s in their theology or the priest won’t give the poor woman the confession, the absolution. Increase and multiply. Did you ever hear such an idea? Eat you out of house and home. No families themselves to feed. Living on the fat of the land. Their butteries and larders. I’d like to see them do the black fast Yom Kippur. Crossbuns. One meal and a collation for fear he’d collapse on the altar. A housekeeper of one of those fellows if you could pick it out of her. Never pick it out of her. Like getting £. s. d. out of him. Does himself well. No guests. All for number one. Watching his water. Bring your own bread and butter. His reverence: mum’s the word.</p>
<p>Good Lord, that poor child’s dress is in flitters. Underfed she looks too. Potatoes and marge, marge and potatoes. It’s after they feel it. Proof of the pudding. Undermines the constitution.</p>
<p>As he set foot on O’Connell bridge a puffball of smoke plumed up from the parapet. Brewery barge with export stout. England. Sea air sours it, I heard. Be interesting some day get a pass through Hancock to see the brewery. Regular world in itself. Vats of porter wonderful. Rats get in too. Drink themselves bloated as big as a collie floating. Dead drunk on the porter. Drink till they puke again like christians. Imagine drinking that! Rats: vats. Well, of course, if we knew all the things.</p>
<p>Looking down he saw flapping strongly, wheeling between the gaunt quaywalls, gulls. Rough weather outside. If I threw myself down? Reuben J’s son must have swallowed a good bellyful of that sewage. One and eightpence too much. Hhhhm. It’s the droll way he comes out with the things. Knows how to tell a story too.</p>
<p>They wheeled lower. Looking for grub. Wait.</p>
<p>He threw down among them a crumpled paper ball. Elijah thirtytwo feet per sec is com. Not a bit. The ball bobbed unheeded on the wake of swells, floated under by the bridgepiers. Not such damn fools. Also the day I threw that stale cake out of the Erin’s King picked it up in the wake fifty yards astern. Live by their wits. They wheeled, flapping.</p>
<p>The hungry famished gull<br />
Flaps o’er the waters dull.</p>
<p>That is how poets write, the similar sounds. But then Shakespeare has no rhymes: blank verse. The flow of the language it is. The thoughts. Solemn.</p>
<p>Hamlet, I am thy father’s spirit<br />
Doomed for a certain time to walk the earth.</p>
<p>—Two apples a penny! Two for a penny!</p>
<p>His gaze passed over the glazed apples serried on her stand. Australians they must be this time of year. Shiny peels: polishes them up with a rag or a handkerchief.</p>
<p>Wait. Those poor birds.</p>
<p>He halted again and bought from the old applewoman two Banbury cakes for a penny and broke the brittle paste and threw its fragments down into the Liffey. See that? The gulls swooped silently, two, then all from their heights, pouncing on prey. Gone. Every morsel.</p>
<p>Aware of their greed and cunning he shook the powdery crumb from his hands. They never expected that. Manna. Live on fish, fishy flesh they have, all seabirds, gulls, seagoose. Swans from Anna Liffey swim down here sometimes to preen themselves. No accounting for tastes. Wonder what kind is swanmeat. Robinson Crusoe had to live on them.</p>
<p>They wheeled flapping weakly. I’m not going to throw any more. Penny quite enough. Lot of thanks I get. Not even a caw. They spread foot and mouth disease too. If you cram a turkey say on chestnutmeal it tastes like that. Eat pig like pig. But then why is it that saltwater fish are not salty? How is that?</p>
<p>His eyes sought answer from the river and saw a rowboat rock at anchor on the treacly swells lazily its plastered board.</p>
<p>Kino’s<br />
11/—<br />
Trousers</p>
<p>Good idea that. Wonder if he pays rent to the corporation. How can you own water really? It’s always flowing in a stream, never the same, which in the stream of life we trace. Because life is a stream. All kinds of places are good for ads. That quack doctor for the clap used to be stuck up in all the greenhouses. Never see it now. Strictly confidential. Dr Hy Franks. Didn’t cost him a red like Maginni the dancing master self advertisement. Got fellows to stick them up or stick them up himself for that matter on the q. t. running in to loosen a button. Flybynight. Just the place too. POST NO BILLS. POST 110 PILLS. Some chap with a dose burning him.</p>
<p>If he...?</p>
<p>O!</p>
<p>Eh?</p>
<p>No... No.</p>
<p>No, no. I don’t believe it. He wouldn’t surely?</p>
<p>No, no.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom moved forward, raising his troubled eyes. Think no more about that. After one. Timeball on the ballastoffice is down. Dunsink time. Fascinating little book that is of sir Robert Ball’s. Parallax. I never exactly understood. There’s a priest. Could ask him. Par it’s Greek: parallel, parallax. Met him pike hoses she called it till I told her about the transmigration. O rocks!</p>
<p>Mr Bloom smiled O rocks at two windows of the ballastoffice. She’s right after all. Only big words for ordinary things on account of the sound. She’s not exactly witty. Can be rude too. Blurt out what I was thinking. Still, I don’t know. She used to say Ben Dollard had a base barreltone voice. He has legs like barrels and you’d think he was singing into a barrel. Now, isn’t that wit. They used to call him big Ben. Not half as witty as calling him base barreltone. Appetite like an albatross. Get outside of a baron of beef. Powerful man he was at stowing away number one Bass. Barrel of Bass. See? It all works out.</p>
<p>A procession of whitesmocked sandwichmen marched slowly towards him along the gutter, scarlet sashes across their boards. Bargains. Like that priest they are this morning: we have sinned: we have suffered. He read the scarlet letters on their five tall white hats: H. E. L. Y. S. Wisdom Hely’s. Y lagging behind drew a chunk of bread from under his foreboard, crammed it into his mouth and munched as he walked. Our staple food. Three bob a day, walking along the gutters, street after street. Just keep skin and bone together, bread and skilly. They are not Boyl: no, M’Glade’s men. Doesn’t bring in any business either. I suggested to him about a transparent showcart with two smart girls sitting inside writing letters, copybooks, envelopes, blottingpaper. I bet that would have caught on. Smart girls writing something catch the eye at once. Everyone dying to know what she’s writing. Get twenty of them round you if you stare at nothing. Have a finger in the pie. Women too. Curiosity. Pillar of salt. Wouldn’t have it of course because he didn’t think of it himself first. Or the inkbottle I suggested with a false stain of black celluloid. His ideas for ads like Plumtree’s potted under the obituaries, cold meat department. You can’t lick ’em. What? Our envelopes. Hello, Jones, where are you going? Can’t stop, Robinson, I am hastening to purchase the only reliable inkeraser <em>Kansell,</em> sold by Hely’s Ltd, 85 Dame street. Well out of that ruck I am. Devil of a job it was collecting accounts of those convents. Tranquilla convent. That was a nice nun there, really sweet face. Wimple suited her small head. Sister? Sister? I am sure she was crossed in love by her eyes. Very hard to bargain with that sort of a woman. I disturbed her at her devotions that morning. But glad to communicate with the outside world. Our great day, she said. Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel. Sweet name too: caramel. She knew I, I think she knew by the way she. If she had married she would have changed. I suppose they really were short of money. Fried everything in the best butter all the same. No lard for them. My heart’s broke eating dripping. They like buttering themselves in and out. Molly tasting it, her veil up. Sister? Pat Claffey, the pawnbroker’s daughter. It was a nun they say invented barbed wire.</p>
<p>He crossed Westmoreland street when apostrophe S had plodded by. Rover cycleshop. Those races are on today. How long ago is that? Year Phil Gilligan died. We were in Lombard street west. Wait: was in Thom’s. Got the job in Wisdom Hely’s year we married. Six years. Ten years ago: ninetyfour he died yes that’s right the big fire at Arnott’s. Val Dillon was lord mayor. The Glencree dinner. Alderman Robert O’Reilly emptying the port into his soup before the flag fell. Bobbob lapping it for the inner alderman. Couldn’t hear what the band played. For what we have already received may the Lord make us. Milly was a kiddy then. Molly had that elephantgrey dress with the braided frogs. Mantailored with selfcovered buttons. She didn’t like it because I sprained my ankle first day she wore choir picnic at the Sugarloaf. As if that. Old Goodwin’s tall hat done up with some sticky stuff. Flies’ picnic too. Never put a dress on her back like it. Fitted her like a glove, shoulders and hips. Just beginning to plump it out well. Rabbitpie we had that day. People looking after her.</p>
<p>Happy. Happier then. Snug little room that was with the red wallpaper. Dockrell’s, one and ninepence a dozen. Milly’s tubbing night. American soap I bought: elderflower. Cosy smell of her bathwater. Funny she looked soaped all over. Shapely too. Now photography. Poor papa’s daguerreotype atelier he told me of. Hereditary taste.</p>
<p>He walked along the curbstone.</p>
<p>Stream of life. What was the name of that priestylooking chap was always squinting in when he passed? Weak eyes, woman. Stopped in Citron’s saint Kevin’s parade. Pen something. Pendennis? My memory is getting. Pen ...? Of course it’s years ago. Noise of the trams probably. Well, if he couldn’t remember the dayfather’s name that he sees every day.</p>
<p>Bartell d’Arcy was the tenor, just coming out then. Seeing her home after practice. Conceited fellow with his waxedup moustache. Gave her that song <em>Winds that blow from the south</em>.</p>
<p>Windy night that was I went to fetch her there was that lodge meeting on about those lottery tickets after Goodwin’s concert in the supperroom or oakroom of the Mansion house. He and I behind. Sheet of her music blew out of my hand against the High school railings. Lucky it didn’t. Thing like that spoils the effect of a night for her. Professor Goodwin linking her in front. Shaky on his pins, poor old sot. His farewell concerts. Positively last appearance on any stage. May be for months and may be for never. Remember her laughing at the wind, her blizzard collar up. Corner of Harcourt road remember that gust. Brrfoo! Blew up all her skirts and her boa nearly smothered old Goodwin. She did get flushed in the wind. Remember when we got home raking up the fire and frying up those pieces of lap of mutton for her supper with the Chutney sauce she liked. And the mulled rum. Could see her in the bedroom from the hearth unclamping the busk of her stays: white.</p>
<p>Swish and soft flop her stays made on the bed. Always warm from her. Always liked to let her self out. Sitting there after till near two taking out her hairpins. Milly tucked up in beddyhouse. Happy. Happy. That was the night...</p>
<p>—O, Mr Bloom, how do you do?</p>
<p>—O, how do you do, Mrs Breen?</p>
<p>—No use complaining. How is Molly those times? Haven’t seen her for ages.</p>
<p>—In the pink, Mr Bloom said gaily. Milly has a position down in Mullingar, you know.</p>
<p>—Go away! Isn’t that grand for her?</p>
<p>—Yes. In a photographer’s there. Getting on like a house on fire. How are all your charges?</p>
<p>—All on the baker’s list, Mrs Breen said.</p>
<p>How many has she? No other in sight.</p>
<p>—You’re in black, I see. You have no...</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said. I have just come from a funeral.</p>
<p>Going to crop up all day, I foresee. Who’s dead, when and what did he die of? Turn up like a bad penny.</p>
<p>—O, dear me, Mrs Breen said. I hope it wasn’t any near relation.</p>
<p>May as well get her sympathy.</p>
<p>—Dignam, Mr Bloom said. An old friend of mine. He died quite suddenly, poor fellow. Heart trouble, I believe. Funeral was this morning.</p>
<p>Your funeral’s tomorrow<br />
While you’re coming through the rye.<br />
Diddlediddle dumdum<br />
Diddlediddle...</p>
<p>—Sad to lose the old friends, Mrs Breen’s womaneyes said melancholily.</p>
<p>Now that’s quite enough about that. Just: quietly: husband.</p>
<p>—And your lord and master?</p>
<p>Mrs Breen turned up her two large eyes. Hasn’t lost them anyhow.</p>
<p>—O, don’t be talking! she said. He’s a caution to rattlesnakes. He’s in there now with his lawbooks finding out the law of libel. He has me heartscalded. Wait till I show you.</p>
<p>Hot mockturtle vapour and steam of newbaked jampuffs rolypoly poured out from Harrison’s. The heavy noonreek tickled the top of Mr Bloom’s gullet. Want to make good pastry, butter, best flour, Demerara sugar, or they’d taste it with the hot tea. Or is it from her? A barefoot arab stood over the grating, breathing in the fumes. Deaden the gnaw of hunger that way. Pleasure or pain is it? Penny dinner. Knife and fork chained to the table.</p>
<p>Opening her handbag, chipped leather. Hatpin: ought to have a guard on those things. Stick it in a chap’s eye in the tram. Rummaging. Open. Money. Please take one. Devils if they lose sixpence. Raise Cain. Husband barging. Where’s the ten shillings I gave you on Monday? Are you feeding your little brother’s family? Soiled handkerchief: medicinebottle. Pastille that was fell. What is she?...</p>
<p>—There must be a new moon out, she said. He’s always bad then. Do you know what he did last night?</p>
<p>Her hand ceased to rummage. Her eyes fixed themselves on him, wide in alarm, yet smiling.</p>
<p>—What? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>Let her speak. Look straight in her eyes. I believe you. Trust me.</p>
<p>—Woke me up in the night, she said. Dream he had, a nightmare.</p>
<p>Indiges.</p>
<p>—Said the ace of spades was walking up the stairs.</p>
<p>—The ace of spades! Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>She took a folded postcard from her handbag.</p>
<p>—Read that, she said. He got it this morning.</p>
<p>—What is it? Mr Bloom asked, taking the card. U. P.?</p>
<p>—U. p: up, she said. Someone taking a rise out of him. It’s a great shame for them whoever he is.</p>
<p>—Indeed it is, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>She took back the card, sighing.</p>
<p>—And now he’s going round to Mr Menton’s office. He’s going to take an action for ten thousand pounds, he says.</p>
<p>She folded the card into her untidy bag and snapped the catch.</p>
<p>Same blue serge dress she had two years ago, the nap bleaching. Seen its best days. Wispish hair over her ears. And that dowdy toque: three old grapes to take the harm out of it. Shabby genteel. She used to be a tasty dresser. Lines round her mouth. Only a year or so older than Molly.</p>
<p>See the eye that woman gave her, passing. Cruel. The unfair sex.</p>
<p>He looked still at her, holding back behind his look his discontent. Pungent mockturtle oxtail mulligatawny. I’m hungry too. Flakes of pastry on the gusset of her dress: daub of sugary flour stuck to her cheek. Rhubarb tart with liberal fillings, rich fruit interior. Josie Powell that was. In Luke Doyle’s long ago. Dolphin’s Barn, the charades. U. p: up.</p>
<p>Change the subject.</p>
<p>—Do you ever see anything of Mrs Beaufoy? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>—Mina Purefoy? she said.</p>
<p>Philip Beaufoy I was thinking. Playgoers’ Club. Matcham often thinks of the masterstroke. Did I pull the chain? Yes. The last act.</p>
<p>—Yes.</p>
<p>—I just called to ask on the way in is she over it. She’s in the lying-in hospital in Holles street. Dr Horne got her in. She’s three days bad now.</p>
<p>—O, Mr Bloom said. I’m sorry to hear that.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mrs Breen said. And a houseful of kids at home. It’s a very stiff birth, the nurse told me.</p>
<p>—O, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>His heavy pitying gaze absorbed her news. His tongue clacked in compassion. Dth! Dth!</p>
<p>—I’m sorry to hear that, he said. Poor thing! Three days! That’s terrible for her.</p>
<p>Mrs Breen nodded.</p>
<p>—She was taken bad on the Tuesday...</p>
<p>Mr Bloom touched her funnybone gently, warning her:</p>
<p>—Mind! Let this man pass.</p>
<p>A bony form strode along the curbstone from the river staring with a rapt gaze into the sunlight through a heavystringed glass. Tight as a skullpiece a tiny hat gripped his head. From his arm a folded dustcoat, a stick and an umbrella dangled to his stride.</p>
<p>—Watch him, Mr Bloom said. He always walks outside the lampposts. Watch!</p>
<p>—Who is he if it’s a fair question? Mrs Breen asked. Is he dotty?</p>
<p>—His name is Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, Mr Bloom said smiling. Watch!</p>
<p>—He has enough of them, she said. Denis will be like that one of these days.</p>
<p>She broke off suddenly.</p>
<p>—There he is, she said. I must go after him. Goodbye. Remember me to Molly, won’t you?</p>
<p>—I will, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He watched her dodge through passers towards the shopfronts. Denis Breen in skimpy frockcoat and blue canvas shoes shuffled out of Harrison’s hugging two heavy tomes to his ribs. Blown in from the bay. Like old times. He suffered her to overtake him without surprise and thrust his dull grey beard towards her, his loose jaw wagging as he spoke earnestly.</p>
<p>Meshuggah. Off his chump.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom walked on again easily, seeing ahead of him in sunlight the tight skullpiece, the dangling stickumbrelladustcoat. Going the two days. Watch him! Out he goes again. One way of getting on in the world. And that other old mosey lunatic in those duds. Hard time she must have with him.</p>
<p>U. p: up. I’ll take my oath that’s Alf Bergan or Richie Goulding. Wrote it for a lark in the Scotch house I bet anything. Round to Menton’s office. His oyster eyes staring at the postcard. Be a feast for the gods.</p>
<p>He passed the <em>Irish Times</em>. There might be other answers lying there. Like to answer them all. Good system for criminals. Code. At their lunch now. Clerk with the glasses there doesn’t know me. O, leave them there to simmer. Enough bother wading through fortyfour of them. Wanted, smart lady typist to aid gentleman in literary work. I called you naughty darling because I do not like that other world. Please tell me what is the meaning. Please tell me what perfume does your wife. Tell me who made the world. The way they spring those questions on you. And the other one Lizzie Twigg. My literary efforts have had the good fortune to meet with the approval of the eminent poet A. E. (Mr Geo. Russell). No time to do her hair drinking sloppy tea with a book of poetry.</p>
<p>Best paper by long chalks for a small ad. Got the provinces now. Cook and general, exc. cuisine, housemaid kept. Wanted live man for spirit counter. Resp. girl (R.C.) wishes to hear of post in fruit or pork shop. James Carlisle made that. Six and a half per cent dividend. Made a big deal on Coates’s shares. Ca’ canny. Cunning old Scotch hunks. All the toady news. Our gracious and popular vicereine. Bought the <em>Irish Field</em> now. Lady Mountcashel has quite recovered after her confinement and rode out with the Ward Union staghounds at the enlargement yesterday at Rathoath. Uneatable fox. Pothunters too. Fear injects juices make it tender enough for them. Riding astride. Sit her horse like a man. Weightcarrying huntress. No sidesaddle or pillion for her, not for Joe. First to the meet and in at the death. Strong as a brood mare some of those horsey women. Swagger around livery stables. Toss off a glass of brandy neat while you’d say knife. That one at the Grosvenor this morning. Up with her on the car: wishswish. Stonewall or fivebarred gate put her mount to it. Think that pugnosed driver did it out of spite. Who is this she was like? O yes! Mrs Miriam Dandrade that sold me her old wraps and black underclothes in the Shelbourne hotel. Divorced Spanish American. Didn’t take a feather out of her my handling them. As if I was her clotheshorse. Saw her in the viceregal party when Stubbs the park ranger got me in with Whelan of the <em>Express.</em> Scavenging what the quality left. High tea. Mayonnaise I poured on the plums thinking it was custard. Her ears ought to have tingled for a few weeks after. Want to be a bull for her. Born courtesan. No nursery work for her, thanks.</p>
<p>Poor Mrs Purefoy! Methodist husband. Method in his madness. Saffron bun and milk and soda lunch in the educational dairy. Y. M. C. A. Eating with a stopwatch, thirtytwo chews to the minute. And still his muttonchop whiskers grew. Supposed to be well connected. Theodore’s cousin in Dublin Castle. One tony relative in every family. Hardy annuals he presents her with. Saw him out at the Three Jolly Topers marching along bareheaded and his eldest boy carrying one in a marketnet. The squallers. Poor thing! Then having to give the breast year after year all hours of the night. Selfish those t.t’s are. Dog in the manger. Only one lump of sugar in my tea, if you please.</p>
<p>He stood at Fleet street crossing. Luncheon interval. A sixpenny at Rowe’s? Must look up that ad in the national library. An eightpenny in the Burton. Better. On my way.</p>
<p>He walked on past Bolton’s Westmoreland house. Tea. Tea. Tea. I forgot to tap Tom Kernan.</p>
<p>Sss. Dth, dth, dth! Three days imagine groaning on a bed with a vinegared handkerchief round her forehead, her belly swollen out. Phew! Dreadful simply! Child’s head too big: forceps. Doubled up inside her trying to butt its way out blindly, groping for the way out. Kill me that would. Lucky Molly got over hers lightly. They ought to invent something to stop that. Life with hard labour. Twilight sleep idea: queen Victoria was given that. Nine she had. A good layer. Old woman that lived in a shoe she had so many children. Suppose he was consumptive. Time someone thought about it instead of gassing about the what was it the pensive bosom of the silver effulgence. Flapdoodle to feed fools on. They could easily have big establishments whole thing quite painless out of all the taxes give every child born five quid at compound interest up to twentyone five per cent is a hundred shillings and five tiresome pounds multiply by twenty decimal system encourage people to put by money save hundred and ten and a bit twentyone years want to work it out on paper come to a tidy sum more than you think.</p>
<p>Not stillborn of course. They are not even registered. Trouble for nothing.</p>
<p>Funny sight two of them together, their bellies out. Molly and Mrs Moisel. Mothers’ meeting. Phthisis retires for the time being, then returns. How flat they look all of a sudden after. Peaceful eyes. Weight off their mind. Old Mrs Thornton was a jolly old soul. All my babies, she said. The spoon of pap in her mouth before she fed them. O, that’s nyumnyum. Got her hand crushed by old Tom Wall’s son. His first bow to the public. Head like a prize pumpkin. Snuffy Dr Murren. People knocking them up at all hours. For God’ sake, doctor. Wife in her throes. Then keep them waiting months for their fee. To attendance on your wife. No gratitude in people. Humane doctors, most of them.</p>
<p>Before the huge high door of the Irish house of parliament a flock of pigeons flew. Their little frolic after meals. Who will we do it on? I pick the fellow in black. Here goes. Here’s good luck. Must be thrilling from the air. Apjohn, myself and Owen Goldberg up in the trees near Goose green playing the monkeys. Mackerel they called me.</p>
<p>A squad of constables debouched from College street, marching in Indian file. Goosestep. Foodheated faces, sweating helmets, patting their truncheons. After their feed with a good load of fat soup under their belts. Policeman’s lot is oft a happy one. They split up in groups and scattered, saluting, towards their beats. Let out to graze. Best moment to attack one in pudding time. A punch in his dinner. A squad of others, marching irregularly, rounded Trinity railings making for the station. Bound for their troughs. Prepare to receive cavalry. Prepare to receive soup.</p>
<p>He crossed under Tommy Moore’s roguish finger. They did right to put him up over a urinal: meeting of the waters. Ought to be places for women. Running into cakeshops. Settle my hat straight. <em>There is not in this wide world a vallee</em>. Great song of Julia Morkan’s. Kept her voice up to the very last. Pupil of Michael Balfe’s, wasn’t she?</p>
<p>He gazed after the last broad tunic. Nasty customers to tackle. Jack Power could a tale unfold: father a G man. If a fellow gave them trouble being lagged they let him have it hot and heavy in the bridewell. Can’t blame them after all with the job they have especially the young hornies. That horsepoliceman the day Joe Chamberlain was given his degree in Trinity he got a run for his money. My word he did! His horse’s hoofs clattering after us down Abbey street. Lucky I had the presence of mind to dive into Manning’s or I was souped. He did come a wallop, by George. Must have cracked his skull on the cobblestones. I oughtn’t to have got myself swept along with those medicals. And the Trinity jibs in their mortarboards. Looking for trouble. Still I got to know that young Dixon who dressed that sting for me in the Mater and now he’s in Holles street where Mrs Purefoy. Wheels within wheels. Police whistle in my ears still. All skedaddled. Why he fixed on me. Give me in charge. Right here it began.</p>
<p>—Up the Boers!</p>
<p>—Three cheers for De Wet!</p>
<p>—We’ll hang Joe Chamberlain on a sourapple tree.</p>
<p>Silly billies: mob of young cubs yelling their guts out. Vinegar hill. The Butter exchange band. Few years’ time half of them magistrates and civil servants. War comes on: into the army helterskelter: same fellows used to. Whether on the scaffold high.</p>
<p>Never know who you’re talking to. Corny Kelleher he has Harvey Duff in his eye. Like that Peter or Denis or James Carey that blew the gaff on the invincibles. Member of the corporation too. Egging raw youths on to get in the know all the time drawing secret service pay from the castle. Drop him like a hot potato. Why those plainclothes men are always courting slaveys. Easily twig a man used to uniform. Squarepushing up against a backdoor. Maul her a bit. Then the next thing on the menu. And who is the gentleman does be visiting there? Was the young master saying anything? Peeping Tom through the keyhole. Decoy duck. Hotblooded young student fooling round her fat arms ironing.</p>
<p>—Are those yours, Mary?</p>
<p>—I don’t wear such things... Stop or I’ll tell the missus on you. Out half the night.</p>
<p>—There are great times coming, Mary. Wait till you see.</p>
<p>—Ah, gelong with your great times coming.</p>
<p>Barmaids too. Tobaccoshopgirls.</p>
<p>James Stephens’ idea was the best. He knew them. Circles of ten so that a fellow couldn’t round on more than his own ring. Sinn Fein. Back out you get the knife. Hidden hand. Stay in. The firing squad. Turnkey’s daughter got him out of Richmond, off from Lusk. Putting up in the Buckingham Palace hotel under their very noses. Garibaldi.</p>
<p>You must have a certain fascination: Parnell. Arthur Griffith is a squareheaded fellow but he has no go in him for the mob. Or gas about our lovely land. Gammon and spinach. Dublin Bakery Company’s tearoom. Debating societies. That republicanism is the best form of government. That the language question should take precedence of the economic question. Have your daughters inveigling them to your house. Stuff them up with meat and drink. Michaelmas goose. Here’s a good lump of thyme seasoning under the apron for you. Have another quart of goosegrease before it gets too cold. Halffed enthusiasts. Penny roll and a walk with the band. No grace for the carver. The thought that the other chap pays best sauce in the world. Make themselves thoroughly at home. Show us over those apricots, meaning peaches. The not far distant day. Homerule sun rising up in the northwest.</p>
<p>His smile faded as he walked, a heavy cloud hiding the sun slowly, shadowing Trinity’s surly front. Trams passed one another, ingoing, outgoing, clanging. Useless words. Things go on same, day after day: squads of police marching out, back: trams in, out. Those two loonies mooching about. Dignam carted off. Mina Purefoy swollen belly on a bed groaning to have a child tugged out of her. One born every second somewhere. Other dying every second. Since I fed the birds five minutes. Three hundred kicked the bucket. Other three hundred born, washing the blood off, all are washed in the blood of the lamb, bawling maaaaaa.</p>
<p>Cityful passing away, other cityful coming, passing away too: other coming on, passing on. Houses, lines of houses, streets, miles of pavements, piledup bricks, stones. Changing hands. This owner, that. Landlord never dies they say. Other steps into his shoes when he gets his notice to quit. They buy the place up with gold and still they have all the gold. Swindle in it somewhere. Piled up in cities, worn away age after age. Pyramids in sand. Built on bread and onions. Slaves Chinese wall. Babylon. Big stones left. Round towers. Rest rubble, sprawling suburbs, jerrybuilt. Kerwan’s mushroom houses built of breeze. Shelter, for the night.</p>
<p>No-one is anything.</p>
<p>This is the very worst hour of the day. Vitality. Dull, gloomy: hate this hour. Feel as if I had been eaten and spewed.</p>
<p>Provost’s house. The reverend Dr Salmon: tinned salmon. Well tinned in there. Like a mortuary chapel. Wouldn’t live in it if they paid me. Hope they have liver and bacon today. Nature abhors a vacuum.</p>
<p>The sun freed itself slowly and lit glints of light among the silverware opposite in Walter Sexton’s window by which John Howard Parnell passed, unseeing.</p>
<p>There he is: the brother. Image of him. Haunting face. Now that’s a coincidence. Course hundreds of times you think of a person and don’t meet him. Like a man walking in his sleep. No-one knows him. Must be a corporation meeting today. They say he never put on the city marshal’s uniform since he got the job. Charley Kavanagh used to come out on his high horse, cocked hat, puffed, powdered and shaved. Look at the woebegone walk of him. Eaten a bad egg. Poached eyes on ghost. I have a pain. Great man’s brother: his brother’s brother. He’d look nice on the city charger. Drop into the D.B.C. probably for his coffee, play chess there. His brother used men as pawns. Let them all go to pot. Afraid to pass a remark on him. Freeze them up with that eye of his. That’s the fascination: the name. All a bit touched. Mad Fanny and his other sister Mrs Dickinson driving about with scarlet harness. Bolt upright like surgeon M’Ardle. Still David Sheehy beat him for south Meath. Apply for the Chiltern Hundreds and retire into public life. The patriot’s banquet. Eating orangepeels in the park. Simon Dedalus said when they put him in parliament that Parnell would come back from the grave and lead him out of the house of commons by the arm.</p>
<p>—Of the twoheaded octopus, one of whose heads is the head upon which the ends of the world have forgotten to come while the other speaks with a Scotch accent. The tentacles...</p>
<p>They passed from behind Mr Bloom along the curbstone. Beard and bicycle. Young woman.</p>
<p>And there he is too. Now that’s really a coincidence: second time. Coming events cast their shadows before. With the approval of the eminent poet, Mr Geo. Russell. That might be Lizzie Twigg with him. A. E.: what does that mean? Initials perhaps. Albert Edward, Arthur Edmund, Alphonsus Eb Ed El Esquire. What was he saying? The ends of the world with a Scotch accent. Tentacles: octopus. Something occult: symbolism. Holding forth. She’s taking it all in. Not saying a word. To aid gentleman in literary work.</p>
<p>His eyes followed the high figure in homespun, beard and bicycle, a listening woman at his side. Coming from the vegetarian. Only weggebobbles and fruit. Don’t eat a beefsteak. If you do the eyes of that cow will pursue you through all eternity. They say it’s healthier. Windandwatery though. Tried it. Keep you on the run all day. Bad as a bloater. Dreams all night. Why do they call that thing they gave me nutsteak? Nutarians. Fruitarians. To give you the idea you are eating rumpsteak. Absurd. Salty too. They cook in soda. Keep you sitting by the tap all night.</p>
<p>Her stockings are loose over her ankles. I detest that: so tasteless. Those literary etherial people they are all. Dreamy, cloudy, symbolistic. Esthetes they are. I wouldn’t be surprised if it was that kind of food you see produces the like waves of the brain the poetical. For example one of those policemen sweating Irish stew into their shirts you couldn’t squeeze a line of poetry out of him. Don’t know what poetry is even. Must be in a certain mood.</p>
<p>The dreamy cloudy gull<br />
Waves o’er the waters dull.</p>
<p>He crossed at Nassau street corner and stood before the window of Yeates and Son, pricing the fieldglasses. Or will I drop into old Harris’s and have a chat with young Sinclair? Wellmannered fellow. Probably at his lunch. Must get those old glasses of mine set right. Goerz lenses six guineas. Germans making their way everywhere. Sell on easy terms to capture trade. Undercutting. Might chance on a pair in the railway lost property office. Astonishing the things people leave behind them in trains and cloakrooms. What do they be thinking about? Women too. Incredible. Last year travelling to Ennis had to pick up that farmer’s daughter’s bag and hand it to her at Limerick junction. Unclaimed money too. There’s a little watch up there on the roof of the bank to test those glasses by.</p>
<p>His lids came down on the lower rims of his irides. Can’t see it. If you imagine it’s there you can almost see it. Can’t see it.</p>
<p>He faced about and, standing between the awnings, held out his right hand at arm’s length towards the sun. Wanted to try that often. Yes: completely. The tip of his little finger blotted out the sun’s disk. Must be the focus where the rays cross. If I had black glasses. Interesting. There was a lot of talk about those sunspots when we were in Lombard street west. Looking up from the back garden. Terrific explosions they are. There will be a total eclipse this year: autumn some time.</p>
<p>Now that I come to think of it that ball falls at Greenwich time. It’s the clock is worked by an electric wire from Dunsink. Must go out there some first Saturday of the month. If I could get an introduction to professor Joly or learn up something about his family. That would do to: man always feels complimented. Flattery where least expected. Nobleman proud to be descended from some king’s mistress. His foremother. Lay it on with a trowel. Cap in hand goes through the land. Not go in and blurt out what you know you’re not to: what’s parallax? Show this gentleman the door.</p>
<p>Ah.</p>
<p>His hand fell to his side again.</p>
<p>Never know anything about it. Waste of time. Gasballs spinning about, crossing each other, passing. Same old dingdong always. Gas: then solid: then world: then cold: then dead shell drifting around, frozen rock, like that pineapple rock. The moon. Must be a new moon out, she said. I believe there is.</p>
<p>He went on by la maison Claire.</p>
<p>Wait. The full moon was the night we were Sunday fortnight exactly there is a new moon. Walking down by the Tolka. Not bad for a Fairview moon. She was humming. The young May moon she’s beaming, love. He other side of her. Elbow, arm. He. Glowworm’s la-amp is gleaming, love. Touch. Fingers. Asking. Answer. Yes.</p>
<p>Stop. Stop. If it was it was. Must.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, quickbreathing, slowlier walking passed Adam court.</p>
<p>With a keep quiet relief his eyes took note this is the street here middle of the day of Bob Doran’s bottle shoulders. On his annual bend, M’Coy said. They drink in order to say or do something or <em>cherchez la femme</em>. Up in the Coombe with chummies and streetwalkers and then the rest of the year sober as a judge.</p>
<p>Yes. Thought so. Sloping into the Empire. Gone. Plain soda would do him good. Where Pat Kinsella had his Harp theatre before Whitbred ran the Queen’s. Broth of a boy. Dion Boucicault business with his harvestmoon face in a poky bonnet. Three Purty Maids from School. How time flies, eh? Showing long red pantaloons under his skirts. Drinkers, drinking, laughed spluttering, their drink against their breath. More power, Pat. Coarse red: fun for drunkards: guffaw and smoke. Take off that white hat. His parboiled eyes. Where is he now? Beggar somewhere. The harp that once did starve us all.</p>
<p>I was happier then. Or was that I? Or am I now I? Twentyeight I was. She twentythree. When we left Lombard street west something changed. Could never like it again after Rudy. Can’t bring back time. Like holding water in your hand. Would you go back to then? Just beginning then. Would you? Are you not happy in your home you poor little naughty boy? Wants to sew on buttons for me. I must answer. Write it in the library.</p>
<p>Grafton street gay with housed awnings lured his senses. Muslin prints, silkdames and dowagers, jingle of harnesses, hoofthuds lowringing in the baking causeway. Thick feet that woman has in the white stockings. Hope the rain mucks them up on her. Countrybred chawbacon. All the beef to the heels were in. Always gives a woman clumsy feet. Molly looks out of plumb.</p>
<p>He passed, dallying, the windows of Brown Thomas, silk mercers. Cascades of ribbons. Flimsy China silks. A tilted urn poured from its mouth a flood of bloodhued poplin: lustrous blood. The huguenots brought that here. <em>La causa è santa!</em> Tara tara. Great chorus that. Taree tara. Must be washed in rainwater. Meyerbeer. Tara: bom bom bom.</p>
<p>Pincushions. I’m a long time threatening to buy one. Sticking them all over the place. Needles in window curtains.</p>
<p>He bared slightly his left forearm. Scrape: nearly gone. Not today anyhow. Must go back for that lotion. For her birthday perhaps. Junejulyaugseptember eighth. Nearly three months off. Then she mightn’t like it. Women won’t pick up pins. Say it cuts lo.</p>
<p>Gleaming silks, petticoats on slim brass rails, rays of flat silk stockings.</p>
<p>Useless to go back. Had to be. Tell me all.</p>
<p>High voices. Sunwarm silk. Jingling harnesses. All for a woman, home and houses, silkwebs, silver, rich fruits spicy from Jaffa. Agendath Netaim. Wealth of the world.</p>
<p>A warm human plumpness settled down on his brain. His brain yielded. Perfume of embraces all him assailed. With hungered flesh obscurely, he mutely craved to adore.</p>
<p>Duke street. Here we are. Must eat. The Burton. Feel better then.</p>
<p>He turned Combridge’s corner, still pursued. Jingling, hoofthuds. Perfumed bodies, warm, full. All kissed, yielded: in deep summer fields, tangled pressed grass, in trickling hallways of tenements, along sofas, creaking beds.</p>
<p>—Jack, love!</p>
<p>—Darling!</p>
<p>—Kiss me, Reggy!</p>
<p>—My boy!</p>
<p>—Love!</p>
<p>His heart astir he pushed in the door of the Burton restaurant. Stink gripped his trembling breath: pungent meatjuice, slush of greens. See the animals feed.</p>
<p>Men, men, men.</p>
<p>Perched on high stools by the bar, hats shoved back, at the tables calling for more bread no charge, swilling, wolfing gobfuls of sloppy food, their eyes bulging, wiping wetted moustaches. A pallid suetfaced young man polished his tumbler knife fork and spoon with his napkin. New set of microbes. A man with an infant’s saucestained napkin tucked round him shovelled gurgling soup down his gullet. A man spitting back on his plate: halfmasticated gristle: gums: no teeth to chewchewchew it. Chump chop from the grill. Bolting to get it over. Sad booser’s eyes. Bitten off more than he can chew. Am I like that? See ourselves as others see us. Hungry man is an angry man. Working tooth and jaw. Don’t! O! A bone! That last pagan king of Ireland Cormac in the schoolpoem choked himself at Sletty southward of the Boyne. Wonder what he was eating. Something galoptious. Saint Patrick converted him to Christianity. Couldn’t swallow it all however.</p>
<p>—Roast beef and cabbage.</p>
<p>—One stew.</p>
<p>Smells of men. Spat-on sawdust, sweetish warmish cigarettesmoke, reek of plug, spilt beer, men’s beery piss, the stale of ferment.</p>
<p>His gorge rose.</p>
<p>Couldn’t eat a morsel here. Fellow sharpening knife and fork to eat all before him, old chap picking his tootles. Slight spasm, full, chewing the cud. Before and after. Grace after meals. Look on this picture then on that. Scoffing up stewgravy with sopping sippets of bread. Lick it off the plate, man! Get out of this.</p>
<p>He gazed round the stooled and tabled eaters, tightening the wings of his nose.</p>
<p>—Two stouts here.</p>
<p>—One corned and cabbage.</p>
<p>That fellow ramming a knifeful of cabbage down as if his life depended on it. Good stroke. Give me the fidgets to look. Safer to eat from his three hands. Tear it limb from limb. Second nature to him. Born with a silver knife in his mouth. That’s witty, I think. Or no. Silver means born rich. Born with a knife. But then the allusion is lost.</p>
<p>An illgirt server gathered sticky clattering plates. Rock, the head bailiff, standing at the bar blew the foamy crown from his tankard. Well up: it splashed yellow near his boot. A diner, knife and fork upright, elbows on table, ready for a second helping stared towards the foodlift across his stained square of newspaper. Other chap telling him something with his mouth full. Sympathetic listener. Table talk. I munched hum un thu Unchster Bunk un Munchday. Ha? Did you, faith?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom raised two fingers doubtfully to his lips. His eyes said:</p>
<p>—Not here. Don’t see him.</p>
<p>Out. I hate dirty eaters.</p>
<p>He backed towards the door. Get a light snack in Davy Byrne’s. Stopgap. Keep me going. Had a good breakfast.</p>
<p>—Roast and mashed here.</p>
<p>—Pint of stout.</p>
<p>Every fellow for his own, tooth and nail. Gulp. Grub. Gulp. Gobstuff.</p>
<p>He came out into clearer air and turned back towards Grafton street. Eat or be eaten. Kill! Kill!</p>
<p>Suppose that communal kitchen years to come perhaps. All trotting down with porringers and tommycans to be filled. Devour contents in the street. John Howard Parnell example the provost of Trinity every mother’s son don’t talk of your provosts and provost of Trinity women and children cabmen priests parsons fieldmarshals archbishops. From Ailesbury road, Clyde road, artisans’ dwellings, north Dublin union, lord mayor in his gingerbread coach, old queen in a bathchair. My plate’s empty. After you with our incorporated drinkingcup. Like sir Philip Crampton’s fountain. Rub off the microbes with your handkerchief. Next chap rubs on a new batch with his. Father O’Flynn would make hares of them all. Have rows all the same. All for number one. Children fighting for the scrapings of the pot. Want a souppot as big as the Phoenix park. Harpooning flitches and hindquarters out of it. Hate people all round you. City Arms hotel <em>table d’hôte</em> she called it. Soup, joint and sweet. Never know whose thoughts you’re chewing. Then who’d wash up all the plates and forks? Might be all feeding on tabloids that time. Teeth getting worse and worse.</p>
<p>After all there’s a lot in that vegetarian fine flavour of things from the earth garlic of course it stinks after Italian organgrinders crisp of onions mushrooms truffles. Pain to the animal too. Pluck and draw fowl. Wretched brutes there at the cattlemarket waiting for the poleaxe to split their skulls open. Moo. Poor trembling calves. Meh. Staggering bob. Bubble and squeak. Butchers’ buckets wobbly lights. Give us that brisket off the hook. Plup. Rawhead and bloody bones. Flayed glasseyed sheep hung from their haunches, sheepsnouts bloodypapered snivelling nosejam on sawdust. Top and lashers going out. Don’t maul them pieces, young one.</p>
<p>Hot fresh blood they prescribe for decline. Blood always needed. Insidious. Lick it up smokinghot, thick sugary. Famished ghosts.</p>
<p>Ah, I’m hungry.</p>
<p>He entered Davy Byrne’s. Moral pub. He doesn’t chat. Stands a drink now and then. But in leapyear once in four. Cashed a cheque for me once.</p>
<p>What will I take now? He drew his watch. Let me see now. Shandygaff?</p>
<p>—Hello, Bloom, Nosey Flynn said from his nook.</p>
<p>—Hello, Flynn.</p>
<p>—How’s things?</p>
<p>—Tiptop... Let me see. I’ll take a glass of burgundy and... let me see.</p>
<p>Sardines on the shelves. Almost taste them by looking. Sandwich? Ham and his descendants musterred and bred there. Potted meats. What is home without Plumtree’s potted meat? Incomplete. What a stupid ad! Under the obituary notices they stuck it. All up a plumtree. Dignam’s potted meat. Cannibals would with lemon and rice. White missionary too salty. Like pickled pork. Expect the chief consumes the parts of honour. Ought to be tough from exercise. His wives in a row to watch the effect. <em>There was a right royal old nigger. Who ate or something the somethings of the reverend Mr MacTrigger</em>. With it an abode of bliss. Lord knows what concoction. Cauls mouldy tripes windpipes faked and minced up. Puzzle find the meat. Kosher. No meat and milk together. Hygiene that was what they call now. Yom Kippur fast spring cleaning of inside. Peace and war depend on some fellow’s digestion. Religions. Christmas turkeys and geese. Slaughter of innocents. Eat drink and be merry. Then casual wards full after. Heads bandaged. Cheese digests all but itself. Mity cheese.</p>
<p>—Have you a cheese sandwich?</p>
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<p>Like a few olives too if they had them. Italian I prefer. Good glass of burgundy take away that. Lubricate. A nice salad, cool as a cucumber, Tom Kernan can dress. Puts gusto into it. Pure olive oil. Milly served me that cutlet with a sprig of parsley. Take one Spanish onion. God made food, the devil the cooks. Devilled crab.</p>
<p>—Wife well?</p>
<p>—Quite well, thanks... A cheese sandwich, then. Gorgonzola, have you?</p>
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<p>Nosey Flynn sipped his grog.</p>
<p>—Doing any singing those times?</p>
<p>Look at his mouth. Could whistle in his own ear. Flap ears to match. Music. Knows as much about it as my coachman. Still better tell him. Does no harm. Free ad.</p>
<p>—She’s engaged for a big tour end of this month. You may have heard perhaps.</p>
<p>—No. O, that’s the style. Who’s getting it up?</p>
<p>The curate served.</p>
<p>—How much is that?</p>
<p>—Seven d., sir... Thank you, sir.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom cut his sandwich into slender strips. <em>Mr MacTrigger</em>. Easier than the dreamy creamy stuff. <em>His five hundred wives. Had the time of their lives.</em></p>
<p>—Mustard, sir?</p>
<p>—Thank you.</p>
<p>He studded under each lifted strip yellow blobs. <em>Their lives</em>. I have it. <em>It grew bigger and bigger and bigger</em>.</p>
<p>—Getting it up? he said. Well, it’s like a company idea, you see. Part shares and part profits.</p>
<p>—Ay, now I remember, Nosey Flynn said, putting his hand in his pocket to scratch his groin. Who is this was telling me? Isn’t Blazes Boylan mixed up in it?</p>
<p>A warm shock of air heat of mustard hanched on Mr Bloom’s heart. He raised his eyes and met the stare of a bilious clock. Two. Pub clock five minutes fast. Time going on. Hands moving. Two. Not yet.</p>
<p>His midriff yearned then upward, sank within him, yearned more longly, longingly.</p>
<p>Wine.</p>
<p>He smellsipped the cordial juice and, bidding his throat strongly to speed it, set his wineglass delicately down.</p>
<p>—Yes, he said. He’s the organiser in point of fact.</p>
<p>No fear: no brains.</p>
<p>Nosey Flynn snuffled and scratched. Flea having a good square meal.</p>
<p>—He had a good slice of luck, Jack Mooney was telling me, over that boxingmatch Myler Keogh won again that soldier in the Portobello barracks. By God, he had the little kipper down in the county Carlow he was telling me...</p>
<p>Hope that dewdrop doesn’t come down into his glass. No, snuffled it up.</p>
<p>—For near a month, man, before it came off. Sucking duck eggs by God till further orders. Keep him off the boose, see? O, by God, Blazes is a hairy chap.</p>
<p>Davy Byrne came forward from the hindbar in tuckstitched shirtsleeves, cleaning his lips with two wipes of his napkin. Herring’s blush. Whose smile upon each feature plays with such and such replete. Too much fat on the parsnips.</p>
<p>—And here’s himself and pepper on him, Nosey Flynn said. Can you give us a good one for the Gold cup?</p>
<p>—I’m off that, Mr Flynn, Davy Byrne answered. I never put anything on a horse.</p>
<p>—You’re right there, Nosey Flynn said.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom ate his strips of sandwich, fresh clean bread, with relish of disgust pungent mustard, the feety savour of green cheese. Sips of his wine soothed his palate. Not logwood that. Tastes fuller this weather with the chill off.</p>
<p>Nice quiet bar. Nice piece of wood in that counter. Nicely planed. Like the way it curves there.</p>
<p>—I wouldn’t do anything at all in that line, Davy Byrne said. It ruined many a man, the same horses.</p>
<p>Vintners’ sweepstake. Licensed for the sale of beer, wine and spirits for consumption on the premises. Heads I win tails you lose.</p>
<p>—True for you, Nosey Flynn said. Unless you’re in the know. There’s no straight sport going now. Lenehan gets some good ones. He’s giving Sceptre today. Zinfandel’s the favourite, Lord Howard de Walden’s, won at Epsom. Morny Cannon is riding him. I could have got seven to one against Saint Amant a fortnight before.</p>
<p>—That so? Davy Byrne said...</p>
<p>He went towards the window and, taking up the pettycash book, scanned its pages.</p>
<p>—I could, faith, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling. That was a rare bit of horseflesh. Saint Frusquin was her sire. She won in a thunderstorm, Rothschild’s filly, with wadding in her ears. Blue jacket and yellow cap. Bad luck to big Ben Dollard and his John O’Gaunt. He put me off it. Ay.</p>
<p>He drank resignedly from his tumbler, running his fingers down the flutes.</p>
<p>—Ay, he said, sighing.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, champing, standing, looked upon his sigh. Nosey numbskull. Will I tell him that horse Lenehan? He knows already. Better let him forget. Go and lose more. Fool and his money. Dewdrop coming down again. Cold nose he’d have kissing a woman. Still they might like. Prickly beards they like. Dogs’ cold noses. Old Mrs Riordan with the rumbling stomach’s Skye terrier in the City Arms hotel. Molly fondling him in her lap. O, the big doggybowwowsywowsy!</p>
<p>Wine soaked and softened rolled pith of bread mustard a moment mawkish cheese. Nice wine it is. Taste it better because I’m not thirsty. Bath of course does that. Just a bite or two. Then about six o’clock I can. Six. Six. Time will be gone then. She...</p>
<p>Mild fire of wine kindled his veins. I wanted that badly. Felt so off colour. His eyes unhungrily saw shelves of tins: sardines, gaudy lobsters’ claws. All the odd things people pick up for food. Out of shells, periwinkles with a pin, off trees, snails out of the ground the French eat, out of the sea with bait on a hook. Silly fish learn nothing in a thousand years. If you didn’t know risky putting anything into your mouth. Poisonous berries. Johnny Magories. Roundness you think good. Gaudy colour warns you off. One fellow told another and so on. Try it on the dog first. Led on by the smell or the look. Tempting fruit. Ice cones. Cream. Instinct. Orangegroves for instance. Need artificial irrigation. Bleibtreustrasse. Yes but what about oysters. Unsightly like a clot of phlegm. Filthy shells. Devil to open them too. Who found them out? Garbage, sewage they feed on. Fizz and Red bank oysters. Effect on the sexual. Aphrodis. He was in the Red Bank this morning. Was he oysters old fish at table perhaps he young flesh in bed no June has no ar no oysters. But there are people like things high. Tainted game. Jugged hare. First catch your hare. Chinese eating eggs fifty years old, blue and green again. Dinner of thirty courses. Each dish harmless might mix inside. Idea for a poison mystery. That archduke Leopold was it no yes or was it Otto one of those Habsburgs? Or who was it used to eat the scruff off his own head? Cheapest lunch in town. Of course aristocrats, then the others copy to be in the fashion. Milly too rock oil and flour. Raw pastry I like myself. Half the catch of oysters they throw back in the sea to keep up the price. Cheap no-one would buy. Caviare. Do the grand. Hock in green glasses. Swell blowout. Lady this. Powdered bosom pearls. The <em>élite. Crème de la crème</em>. They want special dishes to pretend they’re. Hermit with a platter of pulse keep down the stings of the flesh. Know me come eat with me. Royal sturgeon high sheriff, Coffey, the butcher, right to venisons of the forest from his ex. Send him back the half of a cow. Spread I saw down in the Master of the Rolls’ kitchen area. Whitehatted <em>chef</em> like a rabbi. Combustible duck. Curly cabbage <em>à la duchesse de Parme</em>. Just as well to write it on the bill of fare so you can know what you’ve eaten. Too many drugs spoil the broth. I know it myself. Dosing it with Edwards’ desiccated soup. Geese stuffed silly for them. Lobsters boiled alive. Do ptake some ptarmigan. Wouldn’t mind being a waiter in a swell hotel. Tips, evening dress, halfnaked ladies. May I tempt you to a little more filleted lemon sole, miss Dubedat? Yes, do bedad. And she did bedad. Huguenot name I expect that. A miss Dubedat lived in Killiney, I remember. <em>Du de la</em> is French. Still it’s the same fish perhaps old Micky Hanlon of Moore street ripped the guts out of making money hand over fist finger in fishes’ gills can’t write his name on a cheque think he was painting the landscape with his mouth twisted. Moooikill A Aitcha Ha ignorant as a kish of brogues, worth fifty thousand pounds.</p>
<p>Stuck on the pane two flies buzzed, stuck.</p>
<p>Glowing wine on his palate lingered swallowed. Crushing in the winepress grapes of Burgundy. Sun’s heat it is. Seems to a secret touch telling me memory. Touched his sense moistened remembered. Hidden under wild ferns on Howth below us bay sleeping: sky. No sound. The sky. The bay purple by the Lion’s head. Green by Drumleck. Yellowgreen towards Sutton. Fields of undersea, the lines faint brown in grass, buried cities. Pillowed on my coat she had her hair, earwigs in the heather scrub my hand under her nape, you’ll toss me all. O wonder! Coolsoft with ointments her hand touched me, caressed: her eyes upon me did not turn away. Ravished over her I lay, full lips full open, kissed her mouth. Yum. Softly she gave me in my mouth the seedcake warm and chewed. Mawkish pulp her mouth had mumbled sweetsour of her spittle. Joy: I ate it: joy. Young life, her lips that gave me pouting. Soft warm sticky gumjelly lips. Flowers her eyes were, take me, willing eyes. Pebbles fell. She lay still. A goat. No-one. High on Ben Howth rhododendrons a nannygoat walking surefooted, dropping currants. Screened under ferns she laughed warmfolded. Wildly I lay on her, kissed her: eyes, her lips, her stretched neck beating, woman’s breasts full in her blouse of nun’s veiling, fat nipples upright. Hot I tongued her. She kissed me. I was kissed. All yielding she tossed my hair. Kissed, she kissed me.</p>
<p>Me. And me now.</p>
<p>Stuck, the flies buzzed.</p>
<p>His downcast eyes followed the silent veining of the oaken slab. Beauty: it curves: curves are beauty. Shapely goddesses, Venus, Juno: curves the world admires. Can see them library museum standing in the round hall, naked goddesses. Aids to digestion. They don’t care what man looks. All to see. Never speaking. I mean to say to fellows like Flynn. Suppose she did Pygmalion and Galatea what would she say first? Mortal! Put you in your proper place. Quaffing nectar at mess with gods golden dishes, all ambrosial. Not like a tanner lunch we have, boiled mutton, carrots and turnips, bottle of Allsop. Nectar imagine it drinking electricity: gods’ food. Lovely forms of women sculped Junonian. Immortal lovely. And we stuffing food in one hole and out behind: food, chyle, blood, dung, earth, food: have to feed it like stoking an engine. They have no. Never looked. I’ll look today. Keeper won’t see. Bend down let something fall see if she.</p>
<p>Dribbling a quiet message from his bladder came to go to do not to do there to do. A man and ready he drained his glass to the lees and walked, to men too they gave themselves, manly conscious, lay with men lovers, a youth enjoyed her, to the yard.</p>
<p>When the sound of his boots had ceased Davy Byrne said from his book:</p>
<p>—What is this he is? Isn’t he in the insurance line?</p>
<p>—He’s out of that long ago, Nosey Flynn said. He does canvassing for the <em>Freeman.</em></p>
<p>—I know him well to see, Davy Byrne said. Is he in trouble?</p>
<p>—Trouble? Nosey Flynn said. Not that I heard of. Why?</p>
<p>—I noticed he was in mourning.</p>
<p>—Was he? Nosey Flynn said. So he was, faith. I asked him how was all at home. You’re right, by God. So he was.</p>
<p>—I never broach the subject, Davy Byrne said humanely, if I see a gentleman is in trouble that way. It only brings it up fresh in their minds.</p>
<p>—It’s not the wife anyhow, Nosey Flynn said. I met him the day before yesterday and he coming out of that Irish farm dairy John Wyse Nolan’s wife has in Henry street with a jar of cream in his hand taking it home to his better half. She’s well nourished, I tell you. Plovers on toast.</p>
<p>—And is he doing for the <em>Freeman?</em> Davy Byrne said.</p>
<p>Nosey Flynn pursed his lips.</p>
<p>—He doesn’t buy cream on the ads he picks up. You can make bacon of that.</p>
<p>—How so? Davy Byrne asked, coming from his book.</p>
<p>Nosey Flynn made swift passes in the air with juggling fingers. He winked.</p>
<p>—He’s in the craft, he said.</p>
<p>—Do you tell me so? Davy Byrne said.</p>
<p>—Very much so, Nosey Flynn said. Ancient free and accepted order. He’s an excellent brother. Light, life and love, by God. They give him a leg up. I was told that by a—well, I won’t say who.</p>
<p>—Is that a fact?</p>
<p>—O, it’s a fine order, Nosey Flynn said. They stick to you when you’re down. I know a fellow was trying to get into it. But they’re as close as damn it. By God they did right to keep the women out of it.</p>
<p>Davy Byrne smiledyawnednodded all in one:</p>
<p>—Iiiiiichaaaaaaach!</p>
<p>—There was one woman, Nosey Flynn said, hid herself in a clock to find out what they do be doing. But be damned but they smelt her out and swore her in on the spot a master mason. That was one of the saint Legers of Doneraile.</p>
<p>Davy Byrne, sated after his yawn, said with tearwashed eyes:</p>
<p>—And is that a fact? Decent quiet man he is. I often saw him in here and I never once saw him—you know, over the line.</p>
<p>—God Almighty couldn’t make him drunk, Nosey Flynn said firmly. Slips off when the fun gets too hot. Didn’t you see him look at his watch? Ah, you weren’t there. If you ask him to have a drink first thing he does he outs with the watch to see what he ought to imbibe. Declare to God he does.</p>
<p>—There are some like that, Davy Byrne said. He’s a safe man, I’d say.</p>
<p>—He’s not too bad, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling it up. He’s been known to put his hand down too to help a fellow. Give the devil his due. O, Bloom has his good points. But there’s one thing he’ll never do.</p>
<p>His hand scrawled a dry pen signature beside his grog.</p>
<p>—I know, Davy Byrne said.</p>
<p>—Nothing in black and white, Nosey Flynn said.</p>
<p>Paddy Leonard and Bantam Lyons came in. Tom Rochford followed frowning, a plaining hand on his claret waistcoat.</p>
<p>—Day, Mr Byrne.</p>
<p>—Day, gentlemen.</p>
<p>They paused at the counter.</p>
<p>—Who’s standing? Paddy Leonard asked.</p>
<p>—I’m sitting anyhow, Nosey Flynn answered.</p>
<p>—Well, what’ll it be? Paddy Leonard asked.</p>
<p>—I’ll take a stone ginger, Bantam Lyons said.</p>
<p>—How much? Paddy Leonard cried. Since when, for God’ sake? What’s yours, Tom?</p>
<p>—How is the main drainage? Nosey Flynn asked, sipping.</p>
<p>For answer Tom Rochford pressed his hand to his breastbone and hiccupped.</p>
<p>—Would I trouble you for a glass of fresh water, Mr Byrne? he said.</p>
<p>—Certainly, sir.</p>
<p>Paddy Leonard eyed his alemates.</p>
<p>—Lord love a duck, he said. Look at what I’m standing drinks to! Cold water and gingerpop! Two fellows that would suck whisky off a sore leg. He has some bloody horse up his sleeve for the Gold cup. A dead snip.</p>
<p>—Zinfandel is it? Nosey Flynn asked.</p>
<p>Tom Rochford spilt powder from a twisted paper into the water set before him.</p>
<p>—That cursed dyspepsia, he said before drinking.</p>
<p>—Breadsoda is very good, Davy Byrne said.</p>
<p>Tom Rochford nodded and drank.</p>
<p>—Is it Zinfandel?</p>
<p>—Say nothing! Bantam Lyons winked. I’m going to plunge five bob on my own.</p>
<p>—Tell us if you’re worth your salt and be damned to you, Paddy Leonard said. Who gave it to you?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom on his way out raised three fingers in greeting.</p>
<p>—So long! Nosey Flynn said.</p>
<p>The others turned.</p>
<p>—That’s the man now that gave it to me, Bantam Lyons whispered.</p>
<p>—Prrwht! Paddy Leonard said with scorn. Mr Byrne, sir, we’ll take two of your small Jamesons after that and a...</p>
<p>—Stone ginger, Davy Byrne added civilly.</p>
<p>—Ay, Paddy Leonard said. A suckingbottle for the baby.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom walked towards Dawson street, his tongue brushing his teeth smooth. Something green it would have to be: spinach, say. Then with those Röntgen rays searchlight you could.</p>
<p>At Duke lane a ravenous terrier choked up a sick knuckly cud on the cobblestones and lapped it with new zest. Surfeit. Returned with thanks having fully digested the contents. First sweet then savoury. Mr Bloom coasted warily. Ruminants. His second course. Their upper jaw they move. Wonder if Tom Rochford will do anything with that invention of his? Wasting time explaining it to Flynn’s mouth. Lean people long mouths. Ought to be a hall or a place where inventors could go in and invent free. Course then you’d have all the cranks pestering.</p>
<p>He hummed, prolonging in solemn echo the closes of the bars:</p>
<p>Don Giovanni, a cenar teco<br />
M’invitasti.</p>
<p>Feel better. Burgundy. Good pick me up. Who distilled first? Some chap in the blues. Dutch courage. That <em>Kilkenny People</em> in the national library now I must.</p>
<p>Bare clean closestools waiting in the window of William Miller, plumber, turned back his thoughts. They could: and watch it all the way down, swallow a pin sometimes come out of the ribs years after, tour round the body changing biliary duct spleen squirting liver gastric juice coils of intestines like pipes. But the poor buffer would have to stand all the time with his insides entrails on show. Science.</p>
<p>—<em>A cenar teco.</em></p>
<p>What does that <em>teco</em> mean? Tonight perhaps.</p>
<p>Don Giovanni, thou hast me invited<br />
To come to supper tonight,<br />
The rum the rumdum.</p>
<p>Doesn’t go properly.</p>
<p>Keyes: two months if I get Nannetti to. That’ll be two pounds ten about two pounds eight. Three Hynes owes me. Two eleven. Prescott’s dyeworks van over there. If I get Billy Prescott’s ad: two fifteen. Five guineas about. On the pig’s back.</p>
<p>Could buy one of those silk petticoats for Molly, colour of her new garters.</p>
<p>Today. Today. Not think.</p>
<p>Tour the south then. What about English wateringplaces? Brighton, Margate. Piers by moonlight. Her voice floating out. Those lovely seaside girls. Against John Long’s a drowsing loafer lounged in heavy thought, gnawing a crusted knuckle. Handy man wants job. Small wages. Will eat anything.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom turned at Gray’s confectioner’s window of unbought tarts and passed the reverend Thomas Connellan’s bookstore. <em>Why I left the church of Rome? Birds’ Nest.</em> Women run him. They say they used to give pauper children soup to change to protestants in the time of the potato blight. Society over the way papa went to for the conversion of poor jews. Same bait. Why we left the church of Rome.</p>
<p>A blind stripling stood tapping the curbstone with his slender cane. No tram in sight. Wants to cross.</p>
<p>—Do you want to cross? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>The blind stripling did not answer. His wallface frowned weakly. He moved his head uncertainly.</p>
<p>—You’re in Dawson street, Mr Bloom said. Molesworth street is opposite. Do you want to cross? There’s nothing in the way.</p>
<p>The cane moved out trembling to the left. Mr Bloom’s eye followed its line and saw again the dyeworks’ van drawn up before Drago’s. Where I saw his brillantined hair just when I was. Horse drooping. Driver in John Long’s. Slaking his drouth.</p>
<p>—There’s a van there, Mr Bloom said, but it’s not moving. I’ll see you across. Do you want to go to Molesworth street?</p>
<p>—Yes, the stripling answered. South Frederick street.</p>
<p>—Come, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He touched the thin elbow gently: then took the limp seeing hand to guide it forward.</p>
<p>Say something to him. Better not do the condescending. They mistrust what you tell them. Pass a common remark.</p>
<p>—The rain kept off.</p>
<p>No answer.</p>
<p>Stains on his coat. Slobbers his food, I suppose. Tastes all different for him. Have to be spoonfed first. Like a child’s hand, his hand. Like Milly’s was. Sensitive. Sizing me up I daresay from my hand. Wonder if he has a name. Van. Keep his cane clear of the horse’s legs: tired drudge get his doze. That’s right. Clear. Behind a bull: in front of a horse.</p>
<p>—Thanks, sir.</p>
<p>Knows I’m a man. Voice.</p>
<p>—Right now? First turn to the left.</p>
<p>The blind stripling tapped the curbstone and went on his way, drawing his cane back, feeling again.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom walked behind the eyeless feet, a flatcut suit of herringbone tweed. Poor young fellow! How on earth did he know that van was there? Must have felt it. See things in their forehead perhaps: kind of sense of volume. Weight or size of it, something blacker than the dark. Wonder would he feel it if something was removed. Feel a gap. Queer idea of Dublin he must have, tapping his way round by the stones. Could he walk in a beeline if he hadn’t that cane? Bloodless pious face like a fellow going in to be a priest.</p>
<p>Penrose! That was that chap’s name.</p>
<p>Look at all the things they can learn to do. Read with their fingers. Tune pianos. Or we are surprised they have any brains. Why we think a deformed person or a hunchback clever if he says something we might say. Of course the other senses are more. Embroider. Plait baskets. People ought to help. Workbasket I could buy for Molly’s birthday. Hates sewing. Might take an objection. Dark men they call them.</p>
<p>Sense of smell must be stronger too. Smells on all sides, bunched together. Each street different smell. Each person too. Then the spring, the summer: smells. Tastes? They say you can’t taste wines with your eyes shut or a cold in the head. Also smoke in the dark they say get no pleasure.</p>
<p>And with a woman, for instance. More shameless not seeing. That girl passing the Stewart institution, head in the air. Look at me. I have them all on. Must be strange not to see her. Kind of a form in his mind’s eye. The voice, temperatures: when he touches her with his fingers must almost see the lines, the curves. His hands on her hair, for instance. Say it was black, for instance. Good. We call it black. Then passing over her white skin. Different feel perhaps. Feeling of white.</p>
<p>Postoffice. Must answer. Fag today. Send her a postal order two shillings, half a crown. Accept my little present. Stationer’s just here too. Wait. Think over it.</p>
<p>With a gentle finger he felt ever so slowly the hair combed back above his ears. Again. Fibres of fine fine straw. Then gently his finger felt the skin of his right cheek. Downy hair there too. Not smooth enough. The belly is the smoothest. No-one about. There he goes into Frederick street. Perhaps to Levenston’s dancing academy piano. Might be settling my braces.</p>
<p>Walking by Doran’s publichouse he slid his hand between his waistcoat and trousers and, pulling aside his shirt gently, felt a slack fold of his belly. But I know it’s whitey yellow. Want to try in the dark to see.</p>
<p>He withdrew his hand and pulled his dress to.</p>
<p>Poor fellow! Quite a boy. Terrible. Really terrible. What dreams would he have, not seeing? Life a dream for him. Where is the justice being born that way? All those women and children excursion beanfeast burned and drowned in New York. Holocaust. Karma they call that transmigration for sins you did in a past life the reincarnation met him pike hoses. Dear, dear, dear. Pity, of course: but somehow you can’t cotton on to them someway.</p>
<p>Sir Frederick Falkiner going into the freemasons’ hall. Solemn as Troy. After his good lunch in Earlsfort terrace. Old legal cronies cracking a magnum. Tales of the bench and assizes and annals of the bluecoat school. I sentenced him to ten years. I suppose he’d turn up his nose at that stuff I drank. Vintage wine for them, the year marked on a dusty bottle. Has his own ideas of justice in the recorder’s court. Wellmeaning old man. Police chargesheets crammed with cases get their percentage manufacturing crime. Sends them to the rightabout. The devil on moneylenders. Gave Reuben J a great strawcalling. Now he’s really what they call a dirty jew. Power those judges have. Crusty old topers in wigs. Bear with a sore paw. And may the Lord have mercy on your soul.</p>
<p>Hello, placard. Mirus bazaar. His Excellency the lord lieutenant. Sixteenth. Today it is. In aid of funds for Mercer’s hospital. <em>The Messiah</em> was first given for that. Yes. Handel. What about going out there: Ballsbridge. Drop in on Keyes. No use sticking to him like a leech. Wear out my welcome. Sure to know someone on the gate.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom came to Kildare street. First I must. Library.</p>
<p>Straw hat in sunlight. Tan shoes. Turnedup trousers. It is. It is.</p>
<p>His heart quopped softly. To the right. Museum. Goddesses. He swerved to the right.</p>
<p>Is it? Almost certain. Won’t look. Wine in my face. Why did I? Too heady. Yes, it is. The walk. Not see. Get on.</p>
<p>Making for the museum gate with long windy steps he lifted his eyes. Handsome building. Sir Thomas Deane designed. Not following me?</p>
<p>Didn’t see me perhaps. Light in his eyes.</p>
<p>The flutter of his breath came forth in short sighs. Quick. Cold statues: quiet there. Safe in a minute.</p>
<p>No. Didn’t see me. After two. Just at the gate.</p>
<p>My heart!</p>
<p>His eyes beating looked steadfastly at cream curves of stone. Sir Thomas Deane was the Greek architecture.</p>
<p>Look for something I.</p>
<p>His hasty hand went quick into a pocket, took out, read unfolded Agendath Netaim. Where did I?</p>
<p>Busy looking.</p>
<p>He thrust back quick Agendath.</p>
<p>Afternoon she said.</p>
<p>I am looking for that. Yes, that. Try all pockets. Handker. <em>Freeman.</em> Where did I? Ah, yes. Trousers. Potato. Purse. Where?</p>
<p>Hurry. Walk quietly. Moment more. My heart.</p>
<p>His hand looking for the where did I put found in his hip pocket soap lotion have to call tepid paper stuck. Ah soap there I yes. Gate.</p>
<p>Safe!</p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_pgepubid00075" class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_chap09"></span>[ 9 ]</h3>
<p>Urbane, to comfort them, the quaker librarian purred:</p>
<p>—And we have, have we not, those priceless pages of <em>Wilhelm Meister</em>. A great poet on a great brother poet. A hesitating soul taking arms against a sea of troubles, torn by conflicting doubts, as one sees in real life.</p>
<p>He came a step a sinkapace forward on neatsleather creaking and a step backward a sinkapace on the solemn floor.</p>
<p>A noiseless attendant setting open the door but slightly made him a noiseless beck.</p>
<p>—Directly, said he, creaking to go, albeit lingering. The beautiful ineffectual dreamer who comes to grief against hard facts. One always feels that Goethe’s judgments are so true. True in the larger analysis.</p>
<p>Twicreakingly analysis he corantoed off. Bald, most zealous by the door he gave his large ear all to the attendant’s words: heard them: and was gone.</p>
<p>Two left.</p>
<p>—Monsieur de la Palice, Stephen sneered, was alive fifteen minutes before his death.</p>
<p>—Have you found those six brave medicals, John Eglinton asked with elder’s gall, to write <em>Paradise Lost</em> at your dictation? <em>The Sorrows of Satan</em> he calls it.</p>
<p>Smile. Smile Cranly’s smile.</p>
<p>First he tickled her<br />
Then he patted her<br />
Then he passed the female catheter<br />
For he was a medical<br />
Jolly old medi...</p>
<p>—I feel you would need one more for <em>Hamlet.</em> Seven is dear to the mystic mind. The shining seven W.B. calls them.</p>
<p>Glittereyed his rufous skull close to his greencapped desklamp sought the face bearded amid darkgreener shadow, an ollav, holyeyed. He laughed low: a sizar’s laugh of Trinity: unanswered.</p>
<p>Orchestral Satan, weeping many a rood<br />
Tears such as angels weep.<br />
Ed egli avea del cul fatto trombetta.</p>
<p>He holds my follies hostage.</p>
<p>Cranly’s eleven true Wicklowmen to free their sireland. Gaptoothed Kathleen, her four beautiful green fields, the stranger in her house. And one more to hail him: <em>ave, rabbi</em>: the Tinahely twelve. In the shadow of the glen he cooees for them. My soul’s youth I gave him, night by night. God speed. Good hunting.</p>
<p>Mulligan has my telegram.</p>
<p>Folly. Persist.</p>
<p>—Our young Irish bards, John Eglinton censured, have yet to create a figure which the world will set beside Saxon Shakespeare’s Hamlet though I admire him, as old Ben did, on this side idolatry.</p>
<p>—All these questions are purely academic, Russell oracled out of his shadow. I mean, whether Hamlet is Shakespeare or James I or Essex. Clergymen’s discussions of the historicity of Jesus. Art has to reveal to us ideas, formless spiritual essences. The supreme question about a work of art is out of how deep a life does it spring. The painting of Gustave Moreau is the painting of ideas. The deepest poetry of Shelley, the words of Hamlet bring our minds into contact with the eternal wisdom, Plato’s world of ideas. All the rest is the speculation of schoolboys for schoolboys.</p>
<p>A. E. has been telling some yankee interviewer. Wall, tarnation strike me!</p>
<p>—The schoolmen were schoolboys first, Stephen said superpolitely. Aristotle was once Plato’s schoolboy.</p>
<p>—And has remained so, one should hope, John Eglinton sedately said. One can see him, a model schoolboy with his diploma under his arm.</p>
<p>He laughed again at the now smiling bearded face.</p>
<p>Formless spiritual. Father, Word and Holy Breath. Allfather, the heavenly man. Hiesos Kristos, magician of the beautiful, the Logos who suffers in us at every moment. This verily is that. I am the fire upon the altar. I am the sacrificial butter.</p>
<p>Dunlop, Judge, the noblest Roman of them all, A.E., Arval, the Name Ineffable, in heaven hight: K.H., their master, whose identity is no secret to adepts. Brothers of the great white lodge always watching to see if they can help. The Christ with the bridesister, moisture of light, born of an ensouled virgin, repentant sophia, departed to the plane of buddhi. The life esoteric is not for ordinary person. O.P. must work off bad karma first. Mrs Cooper Oakley once glimpsed our very illustrious sister H.P.B.’s elemental.</p>
<p>O, fie! Out on’t! <em>Pfuiteufel!</em> You naughtn’t to look, missus, so you naughtn’t when a lady’s ashowing of her elemental.</p>
<p>Mr Best entered, tall, young, mild, light. He bore in his hand with grace a notebook, new, large, clean, bright.</p>
<p>—That model schoolboy, Stephen said, would find Hamlet’s musings about the afterlife of his princely soul, the improbable, insignificant and undramatic monologue, as shallow as Plato’s.</p>
<p>John Eglinton, frowning, said, waxing wroth:</p>
<p>—Upon my word it makes my blood boil to hear anyone compare Aristotle with Plato.</p>
<p>—Which of the two, Stephen asked, would have banished me from his commonwealth?</p>
<p>Unsheathe your dagger definitions. Horseness is the whatness of allhorse. Streams of tendency and eons they worship. God: noise in the street: very peripatetic. Space: what you damn well have to see. Through spaces smaller than red globules of man’s blood they creepycrawl after Blake’s buttocks into eternity of which this vegetable world is but a shadow. Hold to the now, the here, through which all future plunges to the past.</p>
<p>Mr Best came forward, amiable, towards his colleague.</p>
<p>—Haines is gone, he said.</p>
<p>—Is he?</p>
<p>—I was showing him Jubainville’s book. He’s quite enthusiastic, don’t you know, about Hyde’s <em>Lovesongs of Connacht.</em> I couldn’t bring him in to hear the discussion. He’s gone to Gill’s to buy it.</p>
<p>Bound thee forth, my booklet, quick<br />
To greet the callous public.<br />
Writ, I ween, ’twas not my wish<br />
In lean unlovely English.</p>
<p>—The peatsmoke is going to his head, John Eglinton opined.</p>
<p>We feel in England. Penitent thief. Gone. I smoked his baccy. Green twinkling stone. An emerald set in the ring of the sea.</p>
<p>—People do not know how dangerous lovesongs can be, the auric egg of Russell warned occultly. The movements which work revolutions in the world are born out of the dreams and visions in a peasant’s heart on the hillside. For them the earth is not an exploitable ground but the living mother. The rarefied air of the academy and the arena produce the sixshilling novel, the musichall song. France produces the finest flower of corruption in Mallarmé but the desirable life is revealed only to the poor of heart, the life of Homer’s Phæacians.</p>
<p>From these words Mr Best turned an unoffending face to Stephen.</p>
<p>—Mallarmé, don’t you know, he said, has written those wonderful prose poems Stephen MacKenna used to read to me in Paris. The one about <em>Hamlet.</em> He says: <em>il se promène, lisant au livre de lui-même</em>, don’t you know, <em>reading the book of himself</em>. He describes <em>Hamlet</em> given in a French town, don’t you know, a provincial town. They advertised it.</p>
<p>His free hand graciously wrote tiny signs in air.</p>
<p><em>Hamlet<br />
ou<br />
Le Distrait<br />
Pièce de Shakespeare</em></p>
<p>He repeated to John Eglinton’s newgathered frown:</p>
<p>—<em>Pièce de Shakespeare</em>, don’t you know. It’s so French. The French point of view. <em>Hamlet ou</em>...</p>
<p>—The absentminded beggar, Stephen ended.</p>
<p>John Eglinton laughed.</p>
<p>—Yes, I suppose it would be, he said. Excellent people, no doubt, but distressingly shortsighted in some matters.</p>
<p>Sumptuous and stagnant exaggeration of murder.</p>
<p>—A deathsman of the soul Robert Greene called him, Stephen said. Not for nothing was he a butcher’s son, wielding the sledded poleaxe and spitting in his palms. Nine lives are taken off for his father’s one. Our Father who art in purgatory. Khaki Hamlets don’t hesitate to shoot. The bloodboltered shambles in act five is a forecast of the concentration camp sung by Mr Swinburne.</p>
<p>Cranly, I his mute orderly, following battles from afar.</p>
<p>Whelps and dams of murderous foes whom none<br />
But we had spared...</p>
<p>Between the Saxon smile and yankee yawp. The devil and the deep sea.</p>
<p>—He will have it that <em>Hamlet</em> is a ghoststory, John Eglinton said for Mr Best’s behoof. Like the fat boy in Pickwick he wants to make our flesh creep.</p>
<p>List! List! O List!</p>
<p>My flesh hears him: creeping, hears.</p>
<p>If thou didst ever...</p>
<p>—What is a ghost? Stephen said with tingling energy. One who has faded into impalpability through death, through absence, through change of manners. Elizabethan London lay as far from Stratford as corrupt Paris lies from virgin Dublin. Who is the ghost from <em>limbo patrum</em>, returning to the world that has forgotten him? Who is King Hamlet?</p>
<p>John Eglinton shifted his spare body, leaning back to judge.</p>
<p>Lifted.</p>
<p>—It is this hour of a day in mid June, Stephen said, begging with a swift glance their hearing. The flag is up on the playhouse by the bankside. The bear Sackerson growls in the pit near it, Paris garden. Canvasclimbers who sailed with Drake chew their sausages among the groundlings.</p>
<p>Local colour. Work in all you know. Make them accomplices.</p>
<p>—Shakespeare has left the huguenot’s house in Silver street and walks by the swanmews along the riverbank. But he does not stay to feed the pen chivying her game of cygnets towards the rushes. The swan of Avon has other thoughts.</p>
<p>Composition of place. Ignatius Loyola, make haste to help me!</p>
<p>—The play begins. A player comes on under the shadow, made up in the castoff mail of a court buck, a wellset man with a bass voice. It is the ghost, the king, a king and no king, and the player is Shakespeare who has studied <em>Hamlet</em> all the years of his life which were not vanity in order to play the part of the spectre. He speaks the words to Burbage, the young player who stands before him beyond the rack of cerecloth, calling him by a name:</p>
<p>Hamlet, I am thy father’s spirit,</p>
<p>bidding him list. To a son he speaks, the son of his soul, the prince, young Hamlet and to the son of his body, Hamnet Shakespeare, who has died in Stratford that his namesake may live for ever.</p>
<p>Is it possible that that player Shakespeare, a ghost by absence, and in the vesture of buried Denmark, a ghost by death, speaking his own words to his own son’s name (had Hamnet Shakespeare lived he would have been prince Hamlet’s twin), is it possible, I want to know, or probable that he did not draw or foresee the logical conclusion of those premises: you are the dispossessed son: I am the murdered father: your mother is the guilty queen, Ann Shakespeare, born Hathaway?</p>
<p>—But this prying into the family life of a great man, Russell began impatiently.</p>
<p>Art thou there, truepenny?</p>
<p>—Interesting only to the parish clerk. I mean, we have the plays. I mean when we read the poetry of <em>King Lear</em> what is it to us how the poet lived? As for living our servants can do that for us, Villiers de l’Isle has said. Peeping and prying into greenroom gossip of the day, the poet’s drinking, the poet’s debts. We have <em>King Lear</em>: and it is immortal.</p>
<p>Mr Best’s face, appealed to, agreed.</p>
<p>Flow over them with your waves and with your waters,<br />
Mananaan, Mananaan MacLir...</p>
<p>How now, sirrah, that pound he lent you when you were hungry?</p>
<p>Marry, I wanted it.</p>
<p>Take thou this noble.</p>
<p>Go to! You spent most of it in Georgina Johnson’s bed, clergyman’s daughter. Agenbite of inwit.</p>
<p>Do you intend to pay it back?</p>
<p>O, yes.</p>
<p>When? Now?</p>
<p>Well... No.</p>
<p>When, then?</p>
<p>I paid my way. I paid my way.</p>
<p>Steady on. He’s from beyant Boyne water. The northeast corner. You owe it.</p>
<p>Wait. Five months. Molecules all change. I am other I now. Other I got pound.</p>
<p>Buzz. Buzz.</p>
<p>But I, entelechy, form of forms, am I by memory because under everchanging forms.</p>
<p>I that sinned and prayed and fasted.</p>
<p>A child Conmee saved from pandies.</p>
<p>I, I and I. I.</p>
<p>A.E.I.O.U.</p>
<p>—Do you mean to fly in the face of the tradition of three centuries? John Eglinton’s carping voice asked. Her ghost at least has been laid for ever. She died, for literature at least, before she was born.</p>
<p>—She died, Stephen retorted, sixtyseven years after she was born. She saw him into and out of the world. She took his first embraces. She bore his children and she laid pennies on his eyes to keep his eyelids closed when he lay on his deathbed.</p>
<p>Mother’s deathbed. Candle. The sheeted mirror. Who brought me into this world lies there, bronzelidded, under few cheap flowers. <em>Liliata rutilantium.</em></p>
<p>I wept alone.</p>
<p>John Eglinton looked in the tangled glowworm of his lamp.</p>
<p>—The world believes that Shakespeare made a mistake, he said, and got out of it as quickly and as best he could.</p>
<p>—Bosh! Stephen said rudely. A man of genius makes no mistakes. His errors are volitional and are the portals of discovery.</p>
<p>Portals of discovery opened to let in the quaker librarian, softcreakfooted, bald, eared and assiduous.</p>
<p>—A shrew, John Eglinton said shrewdly, is not a useful portal of discovery, one should imagine. What useful discovery did Socrates learn from Xanthippe?</p>
<p>—Dialectic, Stephen answered: and from his mother how to bring thoughts into the world. What he learnt from his other wife Myrto (<em>absit nomen!</em>), Socratididion’s Epipsychidion, no man, not a woman, will ever know. But neither the midwife’s lore nor the caudlelectures saved him from the archons of Sinn Fein and their naggin of hemlock.</p>
<p>—But Ann Hathaway? Mr Best’s quiet voice said forgetfully. Yes, we seem to be forgetting her as Shakespeare himself forgot her.</p>
<p>His look went from brooder’s beard to carper’s skull, to remind, to chide them not unkindly, then to the baldpink lollard costard, guiltless though maligned.</p>
<p>—He had a good groatsworth of wit, Stephen said, and no truant memory. He carried a memory in his wallet as he trudged to Romeville whistling <em>The girl I left behind me.</em> If the earthquake did not time it we should know where to place poor Wat, sitting in his form, the cry of hounds, the studded bridle and her blue windows. That memory, <em>Venus and Adonis</em>, lay in the bedchamber of every light-of-love in London. Is Katharine the shrew illfavoured? Hortensio calls her young and beautiful. Do you think the writer of <em>Antony and Cleopatra</em>, a passionate pilgrim, had his eyes in the back of his head that he chose the ugliest doxy in all Warwickshire to lie withal? Good: he left her and gained the world of men. But his boywomen are the women of a boy. Their life, thought, speech are lent them by males. He chose badly? He was chosen, it seems to me. If others have their will Ann hath a way. By cock, she was to blame. She put the comether on him, sweet and twentysix. The greyeyed goddess who bends over the boy Adonis, stooping to conquer, as prologue to the swelling act, is a boldfaced Stratford wench who tumbles in a cornfield a lover younger than herself.</p>
<p>And my turn? When?</p>
<p>Come!</p>
<p>—Ryefield, Mr Best said brightly, gladly, raising his new book, gladly, brightly.</p>
<p>He murmured then with blond delight for all:</p>
<p>Between the acres of the rye<br />
These pretty countryfolk would lie.</p>
<p>Paris: the wellpleased pleaser.</p>
<p>A tall figure in bearded homespun rose from shadow and unveiled its cooperative watch.</p>
<p>—I am afraid I am due at the <em>Homestead.</em></p>
<p>Whither away? Exploitable ground.</p>
<p>—Are you going? John Eglinton’s active eyebrows asked. Shall we see you at Moore’s tonight? Piper is coming.</p>
<p>—Piper! Mr Best piped. Is Piper back?</p>
<p>Peter Piper pecked a peck of pick of peck of pickled pepper.</p>
<p>—I don’t know if I can. Thursday. We have our meeting. If I can get away in time.</p>
<p>Yogibogeybox in Dawson chambers. <em>Isis Unveiled.</em> Their Pali book we tried to pawn. Crosslegged under an umbrel umbershoot he thrones an Aztec logos, functioning on astral levels, their oversoul, mahamahatma. The faithful hermetists await the light, ripe for chelaship, ringroundabout him. Louis H. Victory. T. Caulfield Irwin. Lotus ladies tend them i’the eyes, their pineal glands aglow. Filled with his god, he thrones, Buddh under plantain. Gulfer of souls, engulfer. Hesouls, shesouls, shoals of souls. Engulfed with wailing creecries, whirled, whirling, they bewail.</p>
<p>In quintessential triviality<br />
For years in this fleshcase a shesoul dwelt.</p>
<p>—They say we are to have a literary surprise, the quaker librarian said, friendly and earnest. Mr Russell, rumour has it, is gathering together a sheaf of our younger poets’ verses. We are all looking forward anxiously.</p>
<p>Anxiously he glanced in the cone of lamplight where three faces, lighted, shone.</p>
<p>See this. Remember.</p>
<p>Stephen looked down on a wide headless caubeen, hung on his ashplanthandle over his knee. My casque and sword. Touch lightly with two index fingers. Aristotle’s experiment. One or two? Necessity is that in virtue of which it is impossible that one can be otherwise. Argal, one hat is one hat.</p>
<p>Listen.</p>
<p>Young Colum and Starkey. George Roberts is doing the commercial part. Longworth will give it a good puff in the <em>Express.</em> O, will he? I liked Colum’s <em>Drover.</em> Yes, I think he has that queer thing genius. Do you think he has genius really? Yeats admired his line: <em>As in wild earth a Grecian vase</em>. Did he? I hope you’ll be able to come tonight. Malachi Mulligan is coming too. Moore asked him to bring Haines. Did you hear Miss Mitchell’s joke about Moore and Martyn? That Moore is Martyn’s wild oats? Awfully clever, isn’t it? They remind one of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. Our national epic has yet to be written, Dr Sigerson says. Moore is the man for it. A knight of the rueful countenance here in Dublin. With a saffron kilt? O’Neill Russell? O, yes, he must speak the grand old tongue. And his Dulcinea? James Stephens is doing some clever sketches. We are becoming important, it seems.</p>
<p>Cordelia. <em>Cordoglio.</em> Lir’s loneliest daughter.</p>
<p>Nookshotten. Now your best French polish.</p>
<p>—Thank you very much, Mr Russell, Stephen said, rising. If you will be so kind as to give the letter to Mr Norman...</p>
<p>—O, yes. If he considers it important it will go in. We have so much correspondence.</p>
<p>—I understand, Stephen said. Thanks.</p>
<p>God ild you. The pigs’ paper. Bullockbefriending.</p>
<p>Synge has promised me an article for <em>Dana</em> too. Are we going to be read? I feel we are. The Gaelic league wants something in Irish. I hope you will come round tonight. Bring Starkey.</p>
<p>Stephen sat down.</p>
<p>The quaker librarian came from the leavetakers. Blushing, his mask said:</p>
<p>—Mr Dedalus, your views are most illuminating.</p>
<p>He creaked to and fro, tiptoing up nearer heaven by the altitude of a chopine, and, covered by the noise of outgoing, said low:</p>
<p>—Is it your view, then, that she was not faithful to the poet?</p>
<p>Alarmed face asks me. Why did he come? Courtesy or an inward light?</p>
<p>—Where there is a reconciliation, Stephen said, there must have been first a sundering.</p>
<p>—Yes.</p>
<p>Christfox in leather trews, hiding, a runaway in blighted treeforks, from hue and cry. Knowing no vixen, walking lonely in the chase. Women he won to him, tender people, a whore of Babylon, ladies of justices, bully tapsters’ wives. Fox and geese. And in New Place a slack dishonoured body that once was comely, once as sweet, as fresh as cinnamon, now her leaves falling, all, bare, frighted of the narrow grave and unforgiven.</p>
<p>—Yes. So you think...</p>
<p>The door closed behind the outgoer.</p>
<p>Rest suddenly possessed the discreet vaulted cell, rest of warm and brooding air.</p>
<p>A vestal’s lamp.</p>
<p>Here he ponders things that were not: what Cæsar would have lived to do had he believed the soothsayer: what might have been: possibilities of the possible as possible: things not known: what name Achilles bore when he lived among women.</p>
<p>Coffined thoughts around me, in mummycases, embalmed in spice of words. Thoth, god of libraries, a birdgod, moonycrowned. And I heard the voice of that Egyptian highpriest. <em>In painted chambers loaded with tilebooks.</em></p>
<p>They are still. Once quick in the brains of men. Still: but an itch of death is in them, to tell me in my ear a maudlin tale, urge me to wreak their will.</p>
<p>—Certainly, John Eglinton mused, of all great men he is the most enigmatic. We know nothing but that he lived and suffered. Not even so much. Others abide our question. A shadow hangs over all the rest.</p>
<p>—But <em>Hamlet</em> is so personal, isn’t it? Mr Best pleaded. I mean, a kind of private paper, don’t you know, of his private life. I mean, I don’t care a button, don’t you know, who is killed or who is guilty...</p>
<p>He rested an innocent book on the edge of the desk, smiling his defiance. His private papers in the original. <em>Ta an bad ar an tir. Taim in mo shagart</em>. Put beurla on it, littlejohn.</p>
<p>Quoth littlejohn Eglinton:</p>
<p>—I was prepared for paradoxes from what Malachi Mulligan told us but I may as well warn you that if you want to shake my belief that Shakespeare is Hamlet you have a stern task before you.</p>
<p>Bear with me.</p>
<p>Stephen withstood the bane of miscreant eyes glinting stern under wrinkled brows. A basilisk. <em>E quando vede l’uomo l’attosca</em>. Messer Brunetto, I thank thee for the word.</p>
<p>—As we, or mother Dana, weave and unweave our bodies, Stephen said, from day to day, their molecules shuttled to and fro, so does the artist weave and unweave his image. And as the mole on my right breast is where it was when I was born, though all my body has been woven of new stuff time after time, so through the ghost of the unquiet father the image of the unliving son looks forth. In the intense instant of imagination, when the mind, Shelley says, is a fading coal, that which I was is that which I am and that which in possibility I may come to be. So in the future, the sister of the past, I may see myself as I sit here now but by reflection from that which then I shall be.</p>
<p>Drummond of Hawthornden helped you at that stile.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Best said youngly. I feel Hamlet quite young. The bitterness might be from the father but the passages with Ophelia are surely from the son.</p>
<p>Has the wrong sow by the lug. He is in my father. I am in his son.</p>
<p>—That mole is the last to go, Stephen said, laughing.</p>
<p>John Eglinton made a nothing pleasing mow.</p>
<p>—If that were the birthmark of genius, he said, genius would be a drug in the market. The plays of Shakespeare’s later years which Renan admired so much breathe another spirit.</p>
<p>—The spirit of reconciliation, the quaker librarian breathed.</p>
<p>—There can be no reconciliation, Stephen said, if there has not been a sundering.</p>
<p>Said that.</p>
<p>—If you want to know what are the events which cast their shadow over the hell of time of <em>King Lear, Othello, Hamlet, Troilus and Cressida,</em> look to see when and how the shadow lifts. What softens the heart of a man, shipwrecked in storms dire, Tried, like another Ulysses, Pericles, prince of Tyre?</p>
<p>Head, redconecapped, buffeted, brineblinded.</p>
<p>—A child, a girl, placed in his arms, Marina.</p>
<p>—The leaning of sophists towards the bypaths of apocrypha is a constant quantity, John Eglinton detected. The highroads are dreary but they lead to the town.</p>
<p>Good Bacon: gone musty. Shakespeare Bacon’s wild oats. Cypherjugglers going the highroads. Seekers on the great quest. What town, good masters? Mummed in names: A. E., eon: Magee, John Eglinton. East of the sun, west of the moon: <em>Tir na n-og</em>. Booted the twain and staved.</p>
<p>How many miles to Dublin?<br />
Three score and ten, sir.<br />
Will we be there by candlelight?</p>
<p>—Mr Brandes accepts it, Stephen said, as the first play of the closing period.</p>
<p>—Does he? What does Mr Sidney Lee, or Mr Simon Lazarus as some aver his name is, say of it?</p>
<p>—Marina, Stephen said, a child of storm, Miranda, a wonder, Perdita, that which was lost. What was lost is given back to him: his daughter’s child. <em>My dearest wife</em>, Pericles says, <em>was like this maid.</em> Will any man love the daughter if he has not loved the mother?</p>
<p>—The art of being a grandfather, Mr Best gan murmur. <em>L’art d’être grand</em>...</p>
<p>—Will he not see reborn in her, with the memory of his own youth added, another image?</p>
<p>Do you know what you are talking about? Love, yes. Word known to all men. <em>Amor vero aliquid alicui bonum vult unde et ea quae concupiscimus ...</em></p>
<p>—His own image to a man with that queer thing genius is the standard of all experience, material and moral. Such an appeal will touch him. The images of other males of his blood will repel him. He will see in them grotesque attempts of nature to foretell or to repeat himself.</p>
<p>The benign forehead of the quaker librarian enkindled rosily with hope.</p>
<p>—I hope Mr Dedalus will work out his theory for the enlightenment of the public. And we ought to mention another Irish commentator, Mr George Bernard Shaw. Nor should we forget Mr Frank Harris. His articles on Shakespeare in the <em>Saturday Review</em> were surely brilliant. Oddly enough he too draws for us an unhappy relation with the dark lady of the sonnets. The favoured rival is William Herbert, earl of Pembroke. I own that if the poet must be rejected such a rejection would seem more in harmony with—what shall I say?—our notions of what ought not to have been.</p>
<p>Felicitously he ceased and held a meek head among them, auk’s egg, prize of their fray.</p>
<p>He thous and thees her with grave husbandwords. Dost love, Miriam? Dost love thy man?</p>
<p>—That may be too, Stephen said. There’s a saying of Goethe’s which Mr Magee likes to quote. Beware of what you wish for in youth because you will get it in middle life. Why does he send to one who is a <em>buonaroba,</em> a bay where all men ride, a maid of honour with a scandalous girlhood, a lordling to woo for him? He was himself a lord of language and had made himself a coistrel gentleman and he had written <em>Romeo and Juliet</em>. Why? Belief in himself has been untimely killed. He was overborne in a cornfield first (ryefield, I should say) and he will never be a victor in his own eyes after nor play victoriously the game of laugh and lie down. Assumed dongiovannism will not save him. No later undoing will undo the first undoing. The tusk of the boar has wounded him there where love lies ableeding. If the shrew is worsted yet there remains to her woman’s invisible weapon. There is, I feel in the words, some goad of the flesh driving him into a new passion, a darker shadow of the first, darkening even his own understanding of himself. A like fate awaits him and the two rages commingle in a whirlpool.</p>
<p>They list. And in the porches of their ears I pour.</p>
<p>—The soul has been before stricken mortally, a poison poured in the porch of a sleeping ear. But those who are done to death in sleep cannot know the manner of their quell unless their Creator endow their souls with that knowledge in the life to come. The poisoning and the beast with two backs that urged it King Hamlet’s ghost could not know of were he not endowed with knowledge by his creator. That is why the speech (his lean unlovely English) is always turned elsewhere, backward. Ravisher and ravished, what he would but would not, go with him from Lucrece’s bluecircled ivory globes to Imogen’s breast, bare, with its mole cinquespotted. He goes back, weary of the creation he has piled up to hide him from himself, an old dog licking an old sore. But, because loss is his gain, he passes on towards eternity in undiminished personality, untaught by the wisdom he has written or by the laws he has revealed. His beaver is up. He is a ghost, a shadow now, the wind by Elsinore’s rocks or what you will, the sea’s voice, a voice heard only in the heart of him who is the substance of his shadow, the son consubstantial with the father.</p>
<p>—Amen! was responded from the doorway.</p>
<p>Hast thou found me, O mine enemy?</p>
<p><em>Entr’acte</em>.</p>
<p>A ribald face, sullen as a dean’s, Buck Mulligan came forward, then blithe in motley, towards the greeting of their smiles. My telegram.</p>
<p>—You were speaking of the gaseous vertebrate, if I mistake not? he asked of Stephen.</p>
<p>Primrosevested he greeted gaily with his doffed Panama as with a bauble.</p>
<p>They make him welcome. <em>Was Du verlachst wirst Du noch dienen.</em></p>
<p>Brood of mockers: Photius, pseudomalachi, Johann Most.</p>
<p>He Who Himself begot middler the Holy Ghost and Himself sent Himself, Agenbuyer, between Himself and others, Who, put upon by His fiends, stripped and whipped, was nailed like bat to barndoor, starved on crosstree, Who let Him bury, stood up, harrowed hell, fared into heaven and there these nineteen hundred years sitteth on the right hand of His Own Self but yet shall come in the latter day to doom the quick and dead when all the quick shall be dead already.</p>
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<p>He lifts his hands. Veils fall. O, flowers! Bells with bells with bells aquiring.</p>
<p>—Yes, indeed, the quaker librarian said. A most instructive discussion. Mr Mulligan, I’ll be bound, has his theory too of the play and of Shakespeare. All sides of life should be represented.</p>
<p>He smiled on all sides equally.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan thought, puzzled:</p>
<p>—Shakespeare? he said. I seem to know the name.</p>
<p>A flying sunny smile rayed in his loose features.</p>
<p>—To be sure, he said, remembering brightly. The chap that writes like Synge.</p>
<p>Mr Best turned to him.</p>
<p>—Haines missed you, he said. Did you meet him? He’ll see you after at the D. B. C. He’s gone to Gill’s to buy Hyde’s <em>Lovesongs of Connacht</em>.</p>
<p>—I came through the museum, Buck Mulligan said. Was he here?</p>
<p>—The bard’s fellowcountrymen, John Eglinton answered, are rather tired perhaps of our brilliancies of theorising. I hear that an actress played Hamlet for the fourhundredandeighth time last night in Dublin. Vining held that the prince was a woman. Has no-one made him out to be an Irishman? Judge Barton, I believe, is searching for some clues. He swears (His Highness not His Lordship) by saint Patrick.</p>
<p>—The most brilliant of all is that story of Wilde’s, Mr Best said, lifting his brilliant notebook. That <em>Portrait of Mr W. H.</em> where he proves that the sonnets were written by a Willie Hughes, a man all hues.</p>
<p>—For Willie Hughes, is it not? the quaker librarian asked.</p>
<p>Or Hughie Wills? Mr William Himself. W. H.: who am I?</p>
<p>—I mean, for Willie Hughes, Mr Best said, amending his gloss easily. Of course it’s all paradox, don’t you know, Hughes and hews and hues, the colour, but it’s so typical the way he works it out. It’s the very essence of Wilde, don’t you know. The light touch.</p>
<p>His glance touched their faces lightly as he smiled, a blond ephebe. Tame essence of Wilde.</p>
<p>You’re darned witty. Three drams of usquebaugh you drank with Dan Deasy’s ducats.</p>
<p>How much did I spend? O, a few shillings.</p>
<p>For a plump of pressmen. Humour wet and dry.</p>
<p>Wit. You would give your five wits for youth’s proud livery he pranks in. Lineaments of gratified desire.</p>
<p>There be many mo. Take her for me. In pairing time. Jove, a cool ruttime send them. Yea, turtledove her.</p>
<p>Eve. Naked wheatbellied sin. A snake coils her, fang in’s kiss.</p>
<p>—Do you think it is only a paradox? the quaker librarian was asking. The mocker is never taken seriously when he is most serious.</p>
<p>They talked seriously of mocker’s seriousness.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s again heavy face eyed Stephen awhile. Then, his head wagging, he came near, drew a folded telegram from his pocket. His mobile lips read, smiling with new delight.</p>
<p>—Telegram! he said. Wonderful inspiration! Telegram! A papal bull!</p>
<p>He sat on a corner of the unlit desk, reading aloud joyfully:</p>
<p>—<em>The sentimentalist is he who would enjoy without incurring the immense debtorship for a thing done.</em> Signed: Dedalus. Where did you launch it from? The kips? No. College Green. Have you drunk the four quid? The aunt is going to call on your unsubstantial father. Telegram! Malachi Mulligan, The Ship, lower Abbey street. O, you peerless mummer! O, you priestified Kinchite!</p>
<p>Joyfully he thrust message and envelope into a pocket but keened in a querulous brogue:</p>
<p>—It’s what I’m telling you, mister honey, it’s queer and sick we were, Haines and myself, the time himself brought it in. ’Twas murmur we did for a gallus potion would rouse a friar, I’m thinking, and he limp with leching. And we one hour and two hours and three hours in Connery’s sitting civil waiting for pints apiece.</p>
<p>He wailed:</p>
<p>—And we to be there, mavrone, and you to be unbeknownst sending us your conglomerations the way we to have our tongues out a yard long like the drouthy clerics do be fainting for a pussful.</p>
<p>Stephen laughed.</p>
<p>Quickly, warningfully Buck Mulligan bent down.</p>
<p>—The tramper Synge is looking for you, he said, to murder you. He heard you pissed on his halldoor in Glasthule. He’s out in pampooties to murder you.</p>
<p>—Me! Stephen exclaimed. That was your contribution to literature.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan gleefully bent back, laughing to the dark eavesdropping ceiling.</p>
<p>—Murder you! he laughed.</p>
<p>Harsh gargoyle face that warred against me over our mess of hash of lights in rue Saint-André-des-Arts. In words of words for words, palabras. Oisin with Patrick. Faunman he met in Clamart woods, brandishing a winebottle. <em>C’est vendredi saint!</em> Murthering Irish. His image, wandering, he met. I mine. I met a fool i’the forest.</p>
<p>—Mr Lyster, an attendant said from the door ajar.</p>
<p>—... in which everyone can find his own. So Mr Justice Madden in his <em>Diary of Master William Silence</em> has found the hunting terms... Yes? What is it?</p>
<p>—There’s a gentleman here, sir, the attendant said, coming forward and offering a card. From the <em>Freeman.</em> He wants to see the files of the <em>Kilkenny People</em> for last year.</p>
<p>—Certainly, certainly, certainly. Is the gentleman?...</p>
<p>He took the eager card, glanced, not saw, laid down unglanced, looked, asked, creaked, asked:</p>
<p>—Is he?... O, there!</p>
<p>Brisk in a galliard he was off, out. In the daylit corridor he talked with voluble pains of zeal, in duty bound, most fair, most kind, most honest broadbrim.</p>
<p>—This gentleman? <em>Freeman’s Journal? Kilkenny People?</em> To be sure. Good day, sir. <em>Kilkenny</em>... We have certainly...</p>
<p>A patient silhouette waited, listening.</p>
<p>—All the leading provincial... <em>Northern Whig, Cork Examiner, Enniscorthy Guardian,</em> 1903... Will you please?... Evans, conduct this gentleman... If you just follow the atten... Or, please allow me... This way... Please, sir...</p>
<p>Voluble, dutiful, he led the way to all the provincial papers, a bowing dark figure following his hasty heels.</p>
<p>The door closed.</p>
<p>—The sheeny! Buck Mulligan cried.</p>
<p>He jumped up and snatched the card.</p>
<p>—What’s his name? Ikey Moses? Bloom.</p>
<p>He rattled on:</p>
<p>—Jehovah, collector of prepuces, is no more. I found him over in the museum where I went to hail the foamborn Aphrodite. The Greek mouth that has never been twisted in prayer. Every day we must do homage to her. <em>Life of life, thy lips enkindle.</em></p>
<p>Suddenly he turned to Stephen:</p>
<p>—He knows you. He knows your old fellow. O, I fear me, he is Greeker than the Greeks. His pale Galilean eyes were upon her mesial groove. Venus Kallipyge. O, the thunder of those loins! <em>The god pursuing the maiden hid</em>.</p>
<p>—We want to hear more, John Eglinton decided with Mr Best’s approval. We begin to be interested in Mrs S. Till now we had thought of her, if at all, as a patient Griselda, a Penelope stayathome.</p>
<p>—Antisthenes, pupil of Gorgias, Stephen said, took the palm of beauty from Kyrios Menelaus’ brooddam, Argive Helen, the wooden mare of Troy in whom a score of heroes slept, and handed it to poor Penelope. Twenty years he lived in London and, during part of that time, he drew a salary equal to that of the lord chancellor of Ireland. His life was rich. His art, more than the art of feudalism as Walt Whitman called it, is the art of surfeit. Hot herringpies, green mugs of sack, honeysauces, sugar of roses, marchpane, gooseberried pigeons, ringocandies. Sir Walter Raleigh, when they arrested him, had half a million francs on his back including a pair of fancy stays. The gombeenwoman Eliza Tudor had underlinen enough to vie with her of Sheba. Twenty years he dallied there between conjugial love and its chaste delights and scortatory love and its foul pleasures. You know Manningham’s story of the burgher’s wife who bade Dick Burbage to her bed after she had seen him in <em>Richard III</em> and how Shakespeare, overhearing, without more ado about nothing, took the cow by the horns and, when Burbage came knocking at the gate, answered from the capon’s blankets: <em>William the conqueror came before Richard III</em>. And the gay lakin, mistress Fitton, mount and cry O, and his dainty birdsnies, lady Penelope Rich, a clean quality woman is suited for a player, and the punks of the bankside, a penny a time.</p>
<p>Cours la Reine. <em>Encore vingt sous. Nous ferons de petites cochonneries. Minette? Tu veux?</em></p>
<p>—The height of fine society. And sir William Davenant of Oxford’s mother with her cup of canary for any cockcanary.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan, his pious eyes upturned, prayed:</p>
<p>—Blessed Margaret Mary Anycock!</p>
<p>—And Harry of six wives’ daughter. And other lady friends from neighbour seats as Lawn Tennyson, gentleman poet, sings. But all those twenty years what do you suppose poor Penelope in Stratford was doing behind the diamond panes?</p>
<p>Do and do. Thing done. In a rosery of Fetter lane of Gerard, herbalist, he walks, greyedauburn. An azured harebell like her veins. Lids of Juno’s eyes, violets. He walks. One life is all. One body. Do. But do. Afar, in a reek of lust and squalor, hands are laid on whiteness.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan rapped John Eglinton’s desk sharply.</p>
<p>—Whom do you suspect? he challenged.</p>
<p>—Say that he is the spurned lover in the sonnets. Once spurned twice spurned. But the court wanton spurned him for a lord, his dearmylove.</p>
<p>Love that dare not speak its name.</p>
<p>—As an Englishman, you mean, John sturdy Eglinton put in, he loved a lord.</p>
<p>Old wall where sudden lizards flash. At Charenton I watched them.</p>
<p>—It seems so, Stephen said, when he wants to do for him, and for all other and singular uneared wombs, the holy office an ostler does for the stallion. Maybe, like Socrates, he had a midwife to mother as he had a shrew to wife. But she, the giglot wanton, did not break a bedvow. Two deeds are rank in that ghost’s mind: a broken vow and the dullbrained yokel on whom her favour has declined, deceased husband’s brother. Sweet Ann, I take it, was hot in the blood. Once a wooer, twice a wooer.</p>
<p>Stephen turned boldly in his chair.</p>
<p>—The burden of proof is with you not with me, he said frowning. If you deny that in the fifth scene of <em>Hamlet</em> he has branded her with infamy tell me why there is no mention of her during the thirtyfour years between the day she married him and the day she buried him. All those women saw their men down and under: Mary, her goodman John, Ann, her poor dear Willun, when he went and died on her, raging that he was the first to go, Joan, her four brothers, Judith, her husband and all her sons, Susan, her husband too, while Susan’s daughter, Elizabeth, to use granddaddy’s words, wed her second, having killed her first.</p>
<p>O, yes, mention there is. In the years when he was living richly in royal London to pay a debt she had to borrow forty shillings from her father’s shepherd. Explain you then. Explain the swansong too wherein he has commended her to posterity.</p>
<p>He faced their silence.</p>
<p>To whom thus Eglinton: You mean the will.<br />
But that has been explained, I believe, by jurists.<br />
She was entitled to her widow’s dower<br />
At common law. His legal knowledge was great<br />
Our judges tell us.<br />
            Him Satan fleers,<br />
Mocker:<br />
            And therefore he left out her name<br />
From the first draft but he did not leave out<br />
The presents for his granddaughter, for his daughters,<br />
For his sister, for his old cronies in Stratford<br />
And in London. And therefore when he was urged,<br />
As I believe, to name her<br />
He left her his<br />
Secondbest<br />
Bed.<br />
<br />
            <em>Punkt.</em><br />
<br />
Leftherhis<br />
Secondbest<br />
Leftherhis<br />
Bestabed<br />
Secabest<br />
Leftabed.</p>
<p>Woa!</p>
<p>—Pretty countryfolk had few chattels then, John Eglinton observed, as they have still if our peasant plays are true to type.</p>
<p>—He was a rich country gentleman, Stephen said, with a coat of arms and landed estate at Stratford and a house in Ireland yard, a capitalist shareholder, a bill promoter, a tithefarmer. Why did he not leave her his best bed if he wished her to snore away the rest of her nights in peace?</p>
<p>—It is clear that there were two beds, a best and a secondbest, Mr Secondbest Best said finely.</p>
<p>—<em>Separatio a mensa et a thalamo</em>, bettered Buck Mulligan and was smiled on.</p>
<p>—Antiquity mentions famous beds, Second Eglinton puckered, bedsmiling. Let me think.</p>
<p>—Antiquity mentions that Stagyrite schoolurchin and bald heathen sage, Stephen said, who when dying in exile frees and endows his slaves, pays tribute to his elders, wills to be laid in earth near the bones of his dead wife and bids his friends be kind to an old mistress (don’t forget Nell Gwynn Herpyllis) and let her live in his villa.</p>
<p>—Do you mean he died so? Mr Best asked with slight concern. I mean...</p>
<p>—He died dead drunk, Buck Mulligan capped. A quart of ale is a dish for a king. O, I must tell you what Dowden said!</p>
<p>—What? asked Besteglinton.</p>
<p>William Shakespeare and company, limited. The people’s William. For terms apply: E. Dowden, Highfield house...</p>
<p>—Lovely! Buck Mulligan suspired amorously. I asked him what he thought of the charge of pederasty brought against the bard. He lifted his hands and said: <em>All we can say is that life ran very high in those days.</em> Lovely!</p>
<p>Catamite.</p>
<p>—The sense of beauty leads us astray, said beautifulinsadness Best to ugling Eglinton.</p>
<p>Steadfast John replied severe:</p>
<p>—The doctor can tell us what those words mean. You cannot eat your cake and have it.</p>
<p>Sayest thou so? Will they wrest from us, from me, the palm of beauty?</p>
<p>—And the sense of property, Stephen said. He drew Shylock out of his own long pocket. The son of a maltjobber and moneylender he was himself a cornjobber and moneylender, with ten tods of corn hoarded in the famine riots. His borrowers are no doubt those divers of worship mentioned by Chettle Falstaff who reported his uprightness of dealing. He sued a fellowplayer for the price of a few bags of malt and exacted his pound of flesh in interest for every money lent. How else could Aubrey’s ostler and callboy get rich quick? All events brought grist to his mill. Shylock chimes with the jewbaiting that followed the hanging and quartering of the queen’s leech Lopez, his jew’s heart being plucked forth while the sheeny was yet alive: <em>Hamlet</em> and <em>Macbeth</em> with the coming to the throne of a Scotch philosophaster with a turn for witchroasting. The lost armada is his jeer in <em>Love’s Labour Lost</em>. His pageants, the histories, sail fullbellied on a tide of Mafeking enthusiasm. Warwickshire jesuits are tried and we have a porter’s theory of equivocation. The <em>Sea Venture</em> comes home from Bermudas and the play Renan admired is written with Patsy Caliban, our American cousin. The sugared sonnets follow Sidney’s. As for fay Elizabeth, otherwise carrotty Bess, the gross virgin who inspired <em>The Merry Wives of Windsor</em>, let some meinherr from Almany grope his life long for deephid meanings in the depths of the buckbasket.</p>
<p>I think you’re getting on very nicely. Just mix up a mixture of theolologicophilolological. <em>Mingo, minxi, mictum, mingere.</em></p>
<p>—Prove that he was a jew, John Eglinton dared, expectantly. Your dean of studies holds he was a holy Roman.</p>
<p><em>Sufflaminandus sum.</em></p>
<p>—He was made in Germany, Stephen replied, as the champion French polisher of Italian scandals.</p>
<p>—A myriadminded man, Mr Best reminded. Coleridge called him myriadminded.</p>
<p><em>Amplius. In societate humana hoc est maxime necessarium ut sit amicitia inter multos.</em></p>
<p>—Saint Thomas, Stephen began...</p>
<p>—<em>Ora pro nobis</em>, Monk Mulligan groaned, sinking to a chair.</p>
<p>There he keened a wailing rune.</p>
<p>—<em>Pogue mahone! Acushla machree!</em> It’s destroyed we are from this day! It’s destroyed we are surely!</p>
<p>All smiled their smiles.</p>
<p>—Saint Thomas, Stephen smiling said, whose gorbellied works I enjoy reading in the original, writing of incest from a standpoint different from that of the new Viennese school Mr Magee spoke of, likens it in his wise and curious way to an avarice of the emotions. He means that the love so given to one near in blood is covetously withheld from some stranger who, it may be, hungers for it. Jews, whom christians tax with avarice, are of all races the most given to intermarriage. Accusations are made in anger. The christian laws which built up the hoards of the jews (for whom, as for the lollards, storm was shelter) bound their affections too with hoops of steel. Whether these be sins or virtues old Nobodaddy will tell us at doomsday leet. But a man who holds so tightly to what he calls his rights over what he calls his debts will hold tightly also to what he calls his rights over her whom he calls his wife. No sir smile neighbour shall covet his ox or his wife or his manservant or his maidservant or his jackass.</p>
<p>—Or his jennyass, Buck Mulligan antiphoned.</p>
<p>—Gentle Will is being roughly handled, gentle Mr Best said gently.</p>
<p>—Which will? gagged sweetly Buck Mulligan. We are getting mixed.</p>
<p>—The will to live, John Eglinton philosophised, for poor Ann, Will’s widow, is the will to die.</p>
<p><em>—Requiescat!</em> Stephen prayed.</p>
<p>What of all the will to do?<br />
It has vanished long ago...</p>
<p>—She lies laid out in stark stiffness in that secondbest bed, the mobled queen, even though you prove that a bed in those days was as rare as a motorcar is now and that its carvings were the wonder of seven parishes. In old age she takes up with gospellers (one stayed with her at New Place and drank a quart of sack the town council paid for but in which bed he slept it skills not to ask) and heard she had a soul. She read or had read to her his chapbooks preferring them to the <em>Merry Wives</em> and, loosing her nightly waters on the jordan, she thought over <em>Hooks and Eyes for Believers’ Breeches</em> and <em>The most Spiritual Snuffbox to Make the Most Devout Souls Sneeze</em>. Venus has twisted her lips in prayer. Agenbite of inwit: remorse of conscience. It is an age of exhausted whoredom groping for its god.</p>
<p>—History shows that to be true, <em>inquit Eglintonus Chronolologos</em>. The ages succeed one another. But we have it on high authority that a man’s worst enemies shall be those of his own house and family. I feel that Russell is right. What do we care for his wife or father? I should say that only family poets have family lives. Falstaff was not a family man. I feel that the fat knight is his supreme creation.</p>
<p>Lean, he lay back. Shy, deny thy kindred, the unco guid. Shy, supping with the godless, he sneaks the cup. A sire in Ultonian Antrim bade it him. Visits him here on quarter days. Mr Magee, sir, there’s a gentleman to see you. Me? Says he’s your father, sir. Give me my Wordsworth. Enter Magee Mor Matthew, a rugged rough rugheaded kern, in strossers with a buttoned codpiece, his nether stocks bemired with clauber of ten forests, a wand of wilding in his hand.</p>
<p>Your own? He knows your old fellow. The widower.</p>
<p>Hurrying to her squalid deathlair from gay Paris on the quayside I touched his hand. The voice, new warmth, speaking. Dr Bob Kenny is attending her. The eyes that wish me well. But do not know me.</p>
<p>—A father, Stephen said, battling against hopelessness, is a necessary evil. He wrote the play in the months that followed his father’s death. If you hold that he, a greying man with two marriageable daughters, with thirtyfive years of life, <em>nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vita</em>, with fifty of experience, is the beardless undergraduate from Wittenberg then you must hold that his seventyyear old mother is the lustful queen. No. The corpse of John Shakespeare does not walk the night. From hour to hour it rots and rots. He rests, disarmed of fatherhood, having devised that mystical estate upon his son. Boccaccio’s Calandrino was the first and last man who felt himself with child. Fatherhood, in the sense of conscious begetting, is unknown to man. It is a mystical estate, an apostolic succession, from only begetter to only begotten. On that mystery and not on the madonna which the cunning Italian intellect flung to the mob of Europe the church is founded and founded irremovably because founded, like the world, macro and microcosm, upon the void. Upon incertitude, upon unlikelihood. <em>Amor matris</em>, subjective and objective genitive, may be the only true thing in life. Paternity may be a legal fiction. Who is the father of any son that any son should love him or he any son?</p>
<p>What the hell are you driving at?</p>
<p>I know. Shut up. Blast you. I have reasons.</p>
<p><em>Amplius. Adhuc. Iterum. Postea.</em></p>
<p>Are you condemned to do this?</p>
<p>—They are sundered by a bodily shame so steadfast that the criminal annals of the world, stained with all other incests and bestialities, hardly record its breach. Sons with mothers, sires with daughters, lesbic sisters, loves that dare not speak their name, nephews with grandmothers, jailbirds with keyholes, queens with prize bulls. The son unborn mars beauty: born, he brings pain, divides affection, increases care. He is a new male: his growth is his father’s decline, his youth his father’s envy, his friend his father’s enemy.</p>
<p>In rue Monsieur-le-Prince I thought it.</p>
<p>—What links them in nature? An instant of blind rut.</p>
<p>Am I a father? If I were?</p>
<p>Shrunken uncertain hand.</p>
<p>—Sabellius, the African, subtlest heresiarch of all the beasts of the field, held that the Father was Himself His Own Son. The bulldog of Aquin, with whom no word shall be impossible, refutes him. Well: if the father who has not a son be not a father can the son who has not a father be a son? When Rutlandbaconsouthamptonshakespeare or another poet of the same name in the comedy of errors wrote <em>Hamlet</em> he was not the father of his own son merely but, being no more a son, he was and felt himself the father of all his race, the father of his own grandfather, the father of his unborn grandson who, by the same token, never was born, for nature, as Mr Magee understands her, abhors perfection.</p>
<p>Eglintoneyes, quick with pleasure, looked up shybrightly. Gladly glancing, a merry puritan, through the twisted eglantine.</p>
<p>Flatter. Rarely. But flatter.</p>
<p>—Himself his own father, Sonmulligan told himself. Wait. I am big with child. I have an unborn child in my brain. Pallas Athena! A play! The play’s the thing! Let me parturiate!</p>
<p>He clasped his paunchbrow with both birthaiding hands.</p>
<p>—As for his family, Stephen said, his mother’s name lives in the forest of Arden. Her death brought from him the scene with Volumnia in <em>Coriolanus.</em> His boyson’s death is the deathscene of young Arthur in <em>King John.</em> Hamlet, the black prince, is Hamnet Shakespeare. Who the girls in <em>The Tempest</em>, in <em>Pericles,</em> in <em>Winter’s Tale</em> are we know. Who Cleopatra, fleshpot of Egypt, and Cressid and Venus are we may guess. But there is another member of his family who is recorded.</p>
<p>—The plot thickens, John Eglinton said.</p>
<p>The quaker librarian, quaking, tiptoed in, quake, his mask, quake, with haste, quake, quack.</p>
<p>Door closed. Cell. Day.</p>
<p>They list. Three. They.</p>
<p>I you he they.</p>
<p>Come, mess.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: He had three brothers, Gilbert, Edmund, Richard. Gilbert in his old age told some cavaliers he got a pass for nowt from Maister Gatherer one time mass he did and he seen his brud Maister Wull the playwriter up in Lunnon in a wrastling play wud a man on’s back. The playhouse sausage filled Gilbert’s soul. He is nowhere: but an Edmund and a Richard are recorded in the works of sweet William.</p>
<p>MAGEEGLINJOHN: Names! What’s in a name?</p>
<p>BEST: That is my name, Richard, don’t you know. I hope you are going to say a good word for Richard, don’t you know, for my sake. <em>(Laughter)</em></p>
<p>BUCKMULLIGAN: (<em>Piano, diminuendo</em>)</p>
<p>Then outspoke medical Dick<br />
To his comrade medical Davy...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: In his trinity of black Wills, the villain shakebags, Iago, Richard Crookback, Edmund in <em>King Lear</em>, two bear the wicked uncles’ names. Nay, that last play was written or being written while his brother Edmund lay dying in Southwark.</p>
<p>BEST: I hope Edmund is going to catch it. I don’t want Richard, my name ...</p>
<p><em>(Laughter)</em></p>
<p>QUAKERLYSTER: (<em>A tempo</em>) But he that filches from me my good name...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Stringendo)</em> He has hidden his own name, a fair name, William, in the plays, a super here, a clown there, as a painter of old Italy set his face in a dark corner of his canvas. He has revealed it in the sonnets where there is Will in overplus. Like John o’Gaunt his name is dear to him, as dear as the coat and crest he toadied for, on a bend sable a spear or steeled argent, honorificabilitudinitatibus, dearer than his glory of greatest shakescene in the country. What’s in a name? That is what we ask ourselves in childhood when we write the name that we are told is ours. A star, a daystar, a firedrake, rose at his birth. It shone by day in the heavens alone, brighter than Venus in the night, and by night it shone over delta in Cassiopeia, the recumbent constellation which is the signature of his initial among the stars. His eyes watched it, lowlying on the horizon, eastward of the bear, as he walked by the slumberous summer fields at midnight returning from Shottery and from her arms.</p>
<p>Both satisfied. I too.</p>
<p>Don’t tell them he was nine years old when it was quenched.</p>
<p>And from her arms.</p>
<p>Wait to be wooed and won. Ay, meacock. Who will woo you?</p>
<p>Read the skies. <em>Autontimorumenos. Bous Stephanoumenos.</em> Where’s your configuration? Stephen, Stephen, cut the bread even. S. D: <em>sua donna. Già: di lui. Gelindo risolve di non amare S. D.</em></p>
<p>—What is that, Mr Dedalus? the quaker librarian asked. Was it a celestial phenomenon?</p>
<p>—A star by night, Stephen said. A pillar of the cloud by day.</p>
<p>What more’s to speak?</p>
<p>Stephen looked on his hat, his stick, his boots.</p>
<p><em>Stephanos,</em> my crown. My sword. His boots are spoiling the shape of my feet. Buy a pair. Holes in my socks. Handkerchief too.</p>
<p>—You make good use of the name, John Eglinton allowed. Your own name is strange enough. I suppose it explains your fantastical humour.</p>
<p>Me, Magee and Mulligan.</p>
<p>Fabulous artificer. The hawklike man. You flew. Whereto? Newhaven-Dieppe, steerage passenger. Paris and back. Lapwing. Icarus. <em>Pater, ait.</em> Seabedabbled, fallen, weltering. Lapwing you are. Lapwing be.</p>
<p>Mr Best eagerquietly lifted his book to say:</p>
<p>—That’s very interesting because that brother motive, don’t you know, we find also in the old Irish myths. Just what you say. The three brothers Shakespeare. In Grimm too, don’t you know, the fairytales. The third brother that always marries the sleeping beauty and wins the best prize.</p>
<p>Best of Best brothers. Good, better, best.</p>
<p>The quaker librarian springhalted near.</p>
<p>—I should like to know, he said, which brother you... I understand you to suggest there was misconduct with one of the brothers... But perhaps I am anticipating?</p>
<p>He caught himself in the act: looked at all: refrained.</p>
<p>An attendant from the doorway called:</p>
<p>—Mr Lyster! Father Dineen wants...</p>
<p>—O, Father Dineen! Directly.</p>
<p>Swiftly rectly creaking rectly rectly he was rectly gone.</p>
<p>John Eglinton touched the foil.</p>
<p>—Come, he said. Let us hear what you have to say of Richard and Edmund. You kept them for the last, didn’t you?</p>
<p>—In asking you to remember those two noble kinsmen nuncle Richie and nuncle Edmund, Stephen answered, I feel I am asking too much perhaps. A brother is as easily forgotten as an umbrella.</p>
<p>Lapwing.</p>
<p>Where is your brother? Apothecaries’ hall. My whetstone. Him, then Cranly, Mulligan: now these. Speech, speech. But act. Act speech. They mock to try you. Act. Be acted on.</p>
<p>Lapwing.</p>
<p>I am tired of my voice, the voice of Esau. My kingdom for a drink.</p>
<p>On.</p>
<p>—You will say those names were already in the chronicles from which he took the stuff of his plays. Why did he take them rather than others? Richard, a whoreson crookback, misbegotten, makes love to a widowed Ann (what’s in a name?), woos and wins her, a whoreson merry widow. Richard the conqueror, third brother, came after William the conquered. The other four acts of that play hang limply from that first. Of all his kings Richard is the only king unshielded by Shakespeare’s reverence, the angel of the world. Why is the underplot of <em>King Lear</em> in which Edmund figures lifted out of Sidney’s <em>Arcadia</em> and spatchcocked on to a Celtic legend older than history?</p>
<p>—That was Will’s way, John Eglinton defended. We should not now combine a Norse saga with an excerpt from a novel by George Meredith. <em>Que voulez-vous?</em> Moore would say. He puts Bohemia on the seacoast and makes Ulysses quote Aristotle.</p>
<p>—Why? Stephen answered himself. Because the theme of the false or the usurping or the adulterous brother or all three in one is to Shakespeare, what the poor are not, always with him. The note of banishment, banishment from the heart, banishment from home, sounds uninterruptedly from <em>The Two Gentlemen of Verona</em> onward till Prospero breaks his staff, buries it certain fathoms in the earth and drowns his book. It doubles itself in the middle of his life, reflects itself in another, repeats itself, protasis, epitasis, catastasis, catastrophe. It repeats itself again when he is near the grave, when his married daughter Susan, chip of the old block, is accused of adultery. But it was the original sin that darkened his understanding, weakened his will and left in him a strong inclination to evil. The words are those of my lords bishops of Maynooth. An original sin and, like original sin, committed by another in whose sin he too has sinned. It is between the lines of his last written words, it is petrified on his tombstone under which her four bones are not to be laid. Age has not withered it. Beauty and peace have not done it away. It is in infinite variety everywhere in the world he has created, in <em>Much Ado about Nothing</em>, twice in <em>As you like It</em>, in <em>The Tempest</em>, in <em>Hamlet,</em> in <em>Measure for Measure</em>—and in all the other plays which I have not read.</p>
<p>He laughed to free his mind from his mind’s bondage.</p>
<p>Judge Eglinton summed up.</p>
<p>—The truth is midway, he affirmed. He is the ghost and the prince. He is all in all.</p>
<p>—He is, Stephen said. The boy of act one is the mature man of act five. All in all. In <em>Cymbeline,</em> in <em>Othello</em> he is bawd and cuckold. He acts and is acted on. Lover of an ideal or a perversion, like José he kills the real Carmen. His unremitting intellect is the hornmad Iago ceaselessly willing that the moor in him shall suffer.</p>
<p>—Cuckoo! Cuckoo! Cuck Mulligan clucked lewdly. O word of fear!</p>
<p>Dark dome received, reverbed.</p>
<p>—And what a character is Iago! undaunted John Eglinton exclaimed. When all is said Dumas <em>fils</em> (or is it Dumas <em>père?)</em> is right. After God Shakespeare has created most.</p>
<p>—Man delights him not nor woman neither, Stephen said. He returns after a life of absence to that spot of earth where he was born, where he has always been, man and boy, a silent witness and there, his journey of life ended, he plants his mulberrytree in the earth. Then dies. The motion is ended. Gravediggers bury Hamlet <em>père</em> and Hamlet <em>fils.</em> A king and a prince at last in death, with incidental music. And, what though murdered and betrayed, bewept by all frail tender hearts for, Dane or Dubliner, sorrow for the dead is the only husband from whom they refuse to be divorced. If you like the epilogue look long on it: prosperous Prospero, the good man rewarded, Lizzie, grandpa’s lump of love, and nuncle Richie, the bad man taken off by poetic justice to the place where the bad niggers go. Strong curtain. He found in the world without as actual what was in his world within as possible. Maeterlinck says: <em>If Socrates leave his house today he will find the sage seated on his doorstep. If Judas go forth tonight it is to Judas his steps will tend.</em> Every life is many days, day after day. We walk through ourselves, meeting robbers, ghosts, giants, old men, young men, wives, widows, brothers-in-love, but always meeting ourselves. The playwright who wrote the folio of this world and wrote it badly (He gave us light first and the sun two days later), the lord of things as they are whom the most Roman of catholics call <em>dio boia</em>, hangman god, is doubtless all in all in all of us, ostler and butcher, and would be bawd and cuckold too but that in the economy of heaven, foretold by Hamlet, there are no more marriages, glorified man, an androgynous angel, being a wife unto himself.</p>
<p><em>—Eureka!</em> Buck Mulligan cried. <em>Eureka!</em></p>
<p>Suddenly happied he jumped up and reached in a stride John Eglinton’s desk.</p>
<p>—May I? he said. The Lord has spoken to Malachi.</p>
<p>He began to scribble on a slip of paper.</p>
<p>Take some slips from the counter going out.</p>
<p>—Those who are married, Mr Best, douce herald, said, all save one, shall live. The rest shall keep as they are.</p>
<p>He laughed, unmarried, at Eglinton Johannes, of arts a bachelor.</p>
<p>Unwed, unfancied, ware of wiles, they fingerponder nightly each his variorum edition of <em>The Taming of the Shrew.</em></p>
<p>—You are a delusion, said roundly John Eglinton to Stephen. You have brought us all this way to show us a French triangle. Do you believe your own theory?</p>
<p>—No, Stephen said promptly.</p>
<p>—Are you going to write it? Mr Best asked. You ought to make it a dialogue, don’t you know, like the Platonic dialogues Wilde wrote.</p>
<p>John Eclecticon doubly smiled.</p>
<p>—Well, in that case, he said, I don’t see why you should expect payment for it since you don’t believe it yourself. Dowden believes there is some mystery in <em>Hamlet</em> but will say no more. Herr Bleibtreu, the man Piper met in Berlin, who is working up that Rutland theory, believes that the secret is hidden in the Stratford monument. He is going to visit the present duke, Piper says, and prove to him that his ancestor wrote the plays. It will come as a surprise to his grace. But he believes his theory.</p>
<p>I believe, O Lord, help my unbelief. That is, help me to believe or help me to unbelieve? Who helps to believe? <em>Egomen.</em> Who to unbelieve? Other chap.</p>
<p>—You are the only contributor to <em>Dana</em> who asks for pieces of silver. Then I don’t know about the next number. Fred Ryan wants space for an article on economics.</p>
<p>Fraidrine. Two pieces of silver he lent me. Tide you over. Economics.</p>
<p>—For a guinea, Stephen said, you can publish this interview.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan stood up from his laughing scribbling, laughing: and then gravely said, honeying malice:</p>
<p>—I called upon the bard Kinch at his summer residence in upper Mecklenburgh street and found him deep in the study of the <em>Summa contra Gentiles</em> in the company of two gonorrheal ladies, Fresh Nelly and Rosalie, the coalquay whore.</p>
<p>He broke away.</p>
<p>—Come, Kinch. Come, wandering Ængus of the birds.</p>
<p>Come, Kinch. You have eaten all we left. Ay. I will serve you your orts and offals.</p>
<p>Stephen rose.</p>
<p>Life is many days. This will end.</p>
<p>—We shall see you tonight, John Eglinton said. <em>Notre ami</em> Moore says Malachi Mulligan must be there.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan flaunted his slip and panama.</p>
<p>—Monsieur Moore, he said, lecturer on French letters to the youth of Ireland. I’ll be there. Come, Kinch, the bards must drink. Can you walk straight?</p>
<p>Laughing, he...</p>
<p>Swill till eleven. Irish nights entertainment.</p>
<p>Lubber...</p>
<p>Stephen followed a lubber...</p>
<p>One day in the national library we had a discussion. Shakes. After. His lub back: I followed. I gall his kibe.</p>
<p>Stephen, greeting, then all amort, followed a lubber jester, a wellkempt head, newbarbered, out of the vaulted cell into a shattering daylight of no thought.</p>
<p>What have I learned? Of them? Of me?</p>
<p>Walk like Haines now.</p>
<p>The constant readers’ room. In the readers’ book Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell parafes his polysyllables. Item: was Hamlet mad? The quaker’s pate godlily with a priesteen in booktalk.</p>
<p>—O please do, sir... I shall be most pleased...</p>
<p>Amused Buck Mulligan mused in pleasant murmur with himself, selfnodding:</p>
<p>—A pleased bottom.</p>
<p>The turnstile.</p>
<p>Is that?... Blueribboned hat... Idly writing... What? Looked?...</p>
<p>The curving balustrade: smoothsliding Mincius.</p>
<p>Puck Mulligan, panamahelmeted, went step by step, iambing, trolling:</p>
<p>John Eglinton, my jo, John,<br />
Why won’t you wed a wife?</p>
<p>He spluttered to the air:</p>
<p>—O, the chinless Chinaman! Chin Chon Eg Lin Ton. We went over to their playbox, Haines and I, the plumbers’ hall. Our players are creating a new art for Europe like the Greeks or M. Maeterlinck. Abbey Theatre! I smell the pubic sweat of monks.</p>
<p>He spat blank.</p>
<p>Forgot: any more than he forgot the whipping lousy Lucy gave him. And left the <em>femme de trente ans.</em> And why no other children born? And his first child a girl?</p>
<p>Afterwit. Go back.</p>
<p>The dour recluse still there (he has his cake) and the douce youngling, minion of pleasure, Phedo’s toyable fair hair.</p>
<p>Eh... I just eh... wanted... I forgot... he...</p>
<p>—Longworth and M’Curdy Atkinson were there...</p>
<p>Puck Mulligan footed featly, trilling:</p>
<p>I hardly hear the purlieu cry<br />
Or a Tommy talk as I pass one by<br />
Before my thoughts begin to run<br />
On F. M’Curdy Atkinson,<br />
The same that had the wooden leg<br />
And that filibustering filibeg<br />
That never dared to slake his drouth,<br />
Magee that had the chinless mouth.<br />
Being afraid to marry on earth<br />
They masturbated for all they were worth.</p>
<p>Jest on. Know thyself.</p>
<p>Halted, below me, a quizzer looks at me. I halt.</p>
<p>—Mournful mummer, Buck Mulligan moaned. Synge has left off wearing black to be like nature. Only crows, priests and English coal are black.</p>
<p>A laugh tripped over his lips.</p>
<p>—Longworth is awfully sick, he said, after what you wrote about that old hake Gregory. O you inquisitional drunken jewjesuit! She gets you a job on the paper and then you go and slate her drivel to Jaysus. Couldn’t you do the Yeats touch?</p>
<p>He went on and down, mopping, chanting with waving graceful arms:</p>
<p>—The most beautiful book that has come out of our country in my time. One thinks of Homer.</p>
<p>He stopped at the stairfoot.</p>
<p>—I have conceived a play for the mummers, he said solemnly.</p>
<p>The pillared Moorish hall, shadows entwined. Gone the nine men’s morrice with caps of indices.</p>
<p>In sweetly varying voices Buck Mulligan read his tablet:</p>
<p><em>Everyman His Own Wife<br />
or<br />
A Honeymoon in the Hand<br />
(a national immorality in three orgasms)<br />
by<br />
Ballocky Mulligan.</em></p>
<p>He turned a happy patch’s smirk to Stephen, saying:</p>
<p>—The disguise, I fear, is thin. But listen.</p>
<p>He read, <em>marcato:</em></p>
<p>—Characters:</p>
<div class="pgmonospaced">
     TOBY TOSTOFF (a ruined Pole)<br />
     CRAB (a bushranger)<br />
     MEDICAL DICK )<br />
         and      ) (two birds with one stone)<br />
     MEDICAL DAVY )<br />
     MOTHER GROGAN (a watercarrier)<br />
     FRESH NELLY<br />
         and<br />
     ROSALIE (the coalquay whore).<br />

</div>
<p>He laughed, lolling a to and fro head, walking on, followed by Stephen: and mirthfully he told the shadows, souls of men:</p>
<p>—O, the night in the Camden hall when the daughters of Erin had to lift their skirts to step over you as you lay in your mulberrycoloured, multicoloured, multitudinous vomit!</p>
<p>—The most innocent son of Erin, Stephen said, for whom they ever lifted them.</p>
<p>About to pass through the doorway, feeling one behind, he stood aside.</p>
<p>Part. The moment is now. Where then? If Socrates leave his house today, if Judas go forth tonight. Why? That lies in space which I in time must come to, ineluctably.</p>
<p>My will: his will that fronts me. Seas between.</p>
<p>A man passed out between them, bowing, greeting.</p>
<p>—Good day again, Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>The portico.</p>
<p>Here I watched the birds for augury. Ængus of the birds. They go, they come. Last night I flew. Easily flew. Men wondered. Street of harlots after. A creamfruit melon he held to me. In. You will see.</p>
<p>—The wandering jew, Buck Mulligan whispered with clown’s awe. Did you see his eye? He looked upon you to lust after you. I fear thee, ancient mariner. O, Kinch, thou art in peril. Get thee a breechpad.</p>
<p>Manner of Oxenford.</p>
<p>Day. Wheelbarrow sun over arch of bridge.</p>
<p>A dark back went before them, step of a pard, down, out by the gateway, under portcullis barbs.</p>
<p>They followed.</p>
<p>Offend me still. Speak on.</p>
<p>Kind air defined the coigns of houses in Kildare street. No birds. Frail from the housetops two plumes of smoke ascended, pluming, and in a flaw of softness softly were blown.</p>
<p>Cease to strive. Peace of the druid priests of Cymbeline: hierophantic: from wide earth an altar.</p>
<p>            Laud we the gods<br />
And let our crooked smokes climb to their nostrils<br />
From our bless’d altars.</p>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html_pgepubid00076" class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html_chap10"></span>[ 10 ]</h3>
<p>The superior, the very reverend John Conmee S. J. reset his smooth watch in his interior pocket as he came down the presbytery steps. Five to three. Just nice time to walk to Artane. What was that boy’s name again? Dignam. Yes. <em>Vere dignum et iustum est.</em> Brother Swan was the person to see. Mr Cunningham’s letter. Yes. Oblige him, if possible. Good practical catholic: useful at mission time.</p>
<p>A onelegged sailor, swinging himself onward by lazy jerks of his crutches, growled some notes. He jerked short before the convent of the sisters of charity and held out a peaked cap for alms towards the very reverend John Conmee S. J. Father Conmee blessed him in the sun for his purse held, he knew, one silver crown.</p>
<p>Father Conmee crossed to Mountjoy square. He thought, but not for long, of soldiers and sailors, whose legs had been shot off by cannonballs, ending their days in some pauper ward, and of cardinal Wolsey’s words: <em>If I had served my God as I have served my king He would not have abandoned me in my old days.</em> He walked by the treeshade of sunnywinking leaves: and towards him came the wife of Mr David Sheehy M.P.</p>
<p>—Very well, indeed, father. And you, father?</p>
<p>Father Conmee was wonderfully well indeed. He would go to Buxton probably for the waters. And her boys, were they getting on well at Belvedere? Was that so? Father Conmee was very glad indeed to hear that. And Mr Sheehy himself? Still in London. The house was still sitting, to be sure it was. Beautiful weather it was, delightful indeed. Yes, it was very probable that Father Bernard Vaughan would come again to preach. O, yes: a very great success. A wonderful man really.</p>
<p>Father Conmee was very glad to see the wife of Mr David Sheehy M.P. looking so well and he begged to be remembered to Mr David Sheehy M.P. Yes, he would certainly call.</p>
<p>—Good afternoon, Mrs Sheehy.</p>
<p>Father Conmee doffed his silk hat and smiled, as he took leave, at the jet beads of her mantilla inkshining in the sun. And smiled yet again, in going. He had cleaned his teeth, he knew, with arecanut paste.</p>
<p>Father Conmee walked and, walking, smiled for he thought on Father Bernard Vaughan’s droll eyes and cockney voice.</p>
<p>—Pilate! Wy don’t you old back that owlin mob?</p>
<p>A zealous man, however. Really he was. And really did great good in his way. Beyond a doubt. He loved Ireland, he said, and he loved the Irish. Of good family too would one think it? Welsh, were they not?</p>
<p>O, lest he forget. That letter to father provincial.</p>
<p>Father Conmee stopped three little schoolboys at the corner of Mountjoy square. Yes: they were from Belvedere. The little house. Aha. And were they good boys at school? O. That was very good now. And what was his name? Jack Sohan. And his name? Ger. Gallaher. And the other little man? His name was Brunny Lynam. O, that was a very nice name to have.</p>
<p>Father Conmee gave a letter from his breast to Master Brunny Lynam and pointed to the red pillarbox at the corner of Fitzgibbon street.</p>
<p>—But mind you don’t post yourself into the box, little man, he said.</p>
<p>The boys sixeyed Father Conmee and laughed:</p>
<p>—O, sir.</p>
<p>—Well, let me see if you can post a letter, Father Conmee said.</p>
<p>Master Brunny Lynam ran across the road and put Father Conmee’s letter to father provincial into the mouth of the bright red letterbox. Father Conmee smiled and nodded and smiled and walked along Mountjoy square east.</p>
<p>Mr Denis J Maginni, professor of dancing &amp;c, in silk hat, slate frockcoat with silk facings, white kerchief tie, tight lavender trousers, canary gloves and pointed patent boots, walking with grave deportment most respectfully took the curbstone as he passed lady Maxwell at the corner of Dignam’s court.</p>
<p>Was that not Mrs M’Guinness?</p>
<p>Mrs M’Guinness, stately, silverhaired, bowed to Father Conmee from the farther footpath along which she sailed. And Father Conmee smiled and saluted. How did she do?</p>
<p>A fine carriage she had. Like Mary, queen of Scots, something. And to think that she was a pawnbroker! Well, now! Such a... what should he say?... such a queenly mien.</p>
<p>Father Conmee walked down Great Charles street and glanced at the shutup free church on his left. The reverend T. R. Greene B.A. will (D.V.) speak. The incumbent they called him. He felt it incumbent on him to say a few words. But one should be charitable. Invincible ignorance. They acted according to their lights.</p>
<p>Father Conmee turned the corner and walked along the North Circular road. It was a wonder that there was not a tramline in such an important thoroughfare. Surely, there ought to be.</p>
<p>A band of satchelled schoolboys crossed from Richmond street. All raised untidy caps. Father Conmee greeted them more than once benignly. Christian brother boys.</p>
<p>Father Conmee smelt incense on his right hand as he walked. Saint Joseph’s church, Portland row. For aged and virtuous females. Father Conmee raised his hat to the Blessed Sacrament. Virtuous: but occasionally they were also badtempered.</p>
<p>Near Aldborough house Father Conmee thought of that spendthrift nobleman. And now it was an office or something.</p>
<p>Father Conmee began to walk along the North Strand road and was saluted by Mr William Gallagher who stood in the doorway of his shop. Father Conmee saluted Mr William Gallagher and perceived the odours that came from baconflitches and ample cools of butter. He passed Grogan’s the Tobacconist against which newsboards leaned and told of a dreadful catastrophe in New York. In America those things were continually happening. Unfortunate people to die like that, unprepared. Still, an act of perfect contrition.</p>
<p>Father Conmee went by Daniel Bergin’s publichouse against the window of which two unlabouring men lounged. They saluted him and were saluted.</p>
<p>Father Conmee passed H. J. O’Neill’s funeral establishment where Corny Kelleher totted figures in the daybook while he chewed a blade of hay. A constable on his beat saluted Father Conmee and Father Conmee saluted the constable. In Youkstetter’s, the porkbutcher’s, Father Conmee observed pig’s puddings, white and black and red, lie neatly curled in tubes.</p>
<p>Moored under the trees of Charleville Mall Father Conmee saw a turfbarge, a towhorse with pendent head, a bargeman with a hat of dirty straw seated amidships, smoking and staring at a branch of poplar above him. It was idyllic: and Father Conmee reflected on the providence of the Creator who had made turf to be in bogs whence men might dig it out and bring it to town and hamlet to make fires in the houses of poor people.</p>
<p>On Newcomen bridge the very reverend John Conmee S. J. of saint Francis Xavier’s church, upper Gardiner street, stepped on to an outward bound tram.</p>
<p>Off an inward bound tram stepped the reverend Nicholas Dudley C. C. of saint Agatha’s church, north William street, on to Newcomen bridge.</p>
<p>At Newcomen bridge Father Conmee stepped into an outward bound tram for he disliked to traverse on foot the dingy way past Mud Island.</p>
<p>Father Conmee sat in a corner of the tramcar, a blue ticket tucked with care in the eye of one plump kid glove, while four shillings, a sixpence and five pennies chuted from his other plump glovepalm into his purse. Passing the ivy church he reflected that the ticket inspector usually made his visit when one had carelessly thrown away the ticket. The solemnity of the occupants of the car seemed to Father Conmee excessive for a journey so short and cheap. Father Conmee liked cheerful decorum.</p>
<p>It was a peaceful day. The gentleman with the glasses opposite Father Conmee had finished explaining and looked down. His wife, Father Conmee supposed. A tiny yawn opened the mouth of the wife of the gentleman with the glasses. She raised her small gloved fist, yawned ever so gently, tiptapping her small gloved fist on her opening mouth and smiled tinily, sweetly.</p>
<p>Father Conmee perceived her perfume in the car. He perceived also that the awkward man at the other side of her was sitting on the edge of the seat.</p>
<p>Father Conmee at the altarrails placed the host with difficulty in the mouth of the awkward old man who had the shaky head.</p>
<p>At Annesley bridge the tram halted and, when it was about to go, an old woman rose suddenly from her place to alight. The conductor pulled the bellstrap to stay the car for her. She passed out with her basket and a marketnet: and Father Conmee saw the conductor help her and net and basket down: and Father Conmee thought that, as she had nearly passed the end of the penny fare, she was one of those good souls who had always to be told twice <em>bless you, my child,</em> that they have been absolved, <em>pray for me.</em> But they had so many worries in life, so many cares, poor creatures.</p>
<p>From the hoardings Mr Eugene Stratton grimaced with thick niggerlips at Father Conmee.</p>
<p>Father Conmee thought of the souls of black and brown and yellow men and of his sermon on saint Peter Claver S. J. and the African mission and of the propagation of the faith and of the millions of black and brown and yellow souls that had not received the baptism of water when their last hour came like a thief in the night. That book by the Belgian jesuit, <em>Le Nombre des Élus,</em> seemed to Father Conmee a reasonable plea. Those were millions of human souls created by God in His Own likeness to whom the faith had not (D.V.) been brought. But they were God’s souls, created by God. It seemed to Father Conmee a pity that they should all be lost, a waste, if one might say.</p>
<p>At the Howth road stop Father Conmee alighted, was saluted by the conductor and saluted in his turn.</p>
<p>The Malahide road was quiet. It pleased Father Conmee, road and name. The joybells were ringing in gay Malahide. Lord Talbot de Malahide, immediate hereditary lord admiral of Malahide and the seas adjoining. Then came the call to arms and she was maid, wife and widow in one day. Those were old worldish days, loyal times in joyous townlands, old times in the barony.</p>
<p>Father Conmee, walking, thought of his little book <em>Old Times in the Barony</em> and of the book that might be written about jesuit houses and of Mary Rochfort, daughter of lord Molesworth, first countess of Belvedere.</p>
<p>A listless lady, no more young, walked alone the shore of lough Ennel, Mary, first countess of Belvedere, listlessly walking in the evening, not startled when an otter plunged. Who could know the truth? Not the jealous lord Belvedere and not her confessor if she had not committed adultery fully, <em>eiaculatio seminis inter vas naturale mulieris,</em> with her husband’s brother? She would half confess if she had not all sinned as women did. Only God knew and she and he, her husband’s brother.</p>
<p>Father Conmee thought of that tyrannous incontinence, needed however for man’s race on earth, and of the ways of God which were not our ways.</p>
<p>Don John Conmee walked and moved in times of yore. He was humane and honoured there. He bore in mind secrets confessed and he smiled at smiling noble faces in a beeswaxed drawingroom, ceiled with full fruit clusters. And the hands of a bride and of a bridegroom, noble to noble, were impalmed by Don John Conmee.</p>
<p>It was a charming day.</p>
<p>The lychgate of a field showed Father Conmee breadths of cabbages, curtseying to him with ample underleaves. The sky showed him a flock of small white clouds going slowly down the wind. <em>Moutonner,</em> the French said. A just and homely word.</p>
<p>Father Conmee, reading his office, watched a flock of muttoning clouds over Rathcoffey. His thinsocked ankles were tickled by the stubble of Clongowes field. He walked there, reading in the evening, and heard the cries of the boys’ lines at their play, young cries in the quiet evening. He was their rector: his reign was mild.</p>
<p>Father Conmee drew off his gloves and took his rededged breviary out. An ivory bookmark told him the page.</p>
<p>Nones. He should have read that before lunch. But lady Maxwell had come.</p>
<p>Father Conmee read in secret <em>Pater</em> and <em>Ave</em> and crossed his breast. <em>Deus in adiutorium.</em></p>
<p>He walked calmly and read mutely the nones, walking and reading till he came to <em>Res</em> in <em>Beati immaculati: Principium verborum tuorum veritas: in eternum omnia iudicia iustitiæ tuæ.</em></p>
<p>A flushed young man came from a gap of a hedge and after him came a young woman with wild nodding daisies in her hand. The young man raised his cap abruptly: the young woman abruptly bent and with slow care detached from her light skirt a clinging twig.</p>
<p>Father Conmee blessed both gravely and turned a thin page of his breviary. <em>Sin: Principes persecuti sunt me gratis: et a verbis tuis formidavit cor meum.</em></p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Corny Kelleher closed his long daybook and glanced with his drooping eye at a pine coffinlid sentried in a corner. He pulled himself erect, went to it and, spinning it on its axle, viewed its shape and brass furnishings. Chewing his blade of hay he laid the coffinlid by and came to the doorway. There he tilted his hatbrim to give shade to his eyes and leaned against the doorcase, looking idly out.</p>
<p>Father John Conmee stepped into the Dollymount tram on Newcomen bridge.</p>
<p>Corny Kelleher locked his largefooted boots and gazed, his hat downtilted, chewing his blade of hay.</p>
<p>Constable 57C, on his beat, stood to pass the time of day.</p>
<p>—That’s a fine day, Mr Kelleher.</p>
<p>—Ay, Corny Kelleher said.</p>
<p>—It’s very close, the constable said.</p>
<p>Corny Kelleher sped a silent jet of hayjuice arching from his mouth while a generous white arm from a window in Eccles street flung forth a coin.</p>
<p>—What’s the best news? he asked.</p>
<p>—I seen that particular party last evening, the constable said with bated breath.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>A onelegged sailor crutched himself round MacConnell’s corner, skirting Rabaiotti’s icecream car, and jerked himself up Eccles street. Towards Larry O’Rourke, in shirtsleeves in his doorway, he growled unamiably:</p>
<p>—<em>For England</em>...</p>
<p>He swung himself violently forward past Katey and Boody Dedalus, halted and growled:</p>
<p>—<em>home and beauty.</em></p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy’s white careworn face was told that Mr Lambert was in the warehouse with a visitor.</p>
<p>A stout lady stopped, took a copper coin from her purse and dropped it into the cap held out to her. The sailor grumbled thanks, glanced sourly at the unheeding windows, sank his head and swung himself forward four strides.</p>
<p>He halted and growled angrily:</p>
<p>—<em>For England</em>...</p>
<p>Two barefoot urchins, sucking long liquorice laces, halted near him, gaping at his stump with their yellowslobbered mouths.</p>
<p>He swung himself forward in vigorous jerks, halted, lifted his head towards a window and bayed deeply:</p>
<p>—<em>home and beauty.</em></p>
<p>The gay sweet chirping whistling within went on a bar or two, ceased. The blind of the window was drawn aside. A card <em>Unfurnished Apartments</em> slipped from the sash and fell. A plump bare generous arm shone, was seen, held forth from a white petticoatbodice and taut shiftstraps. A woman’s hand flung forth a coin over the area railings. It fell on the path.</p>
<p>One of the urchins ran to it, picked it up and dropped it into the minstrel’s cap, saying:</p>
<p>—There, sir.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Katey and Boody Dedalus shoved in the door of the closesteaming kitchen.</p>
<p>—Did you put in the books? Boody asked.</p>
<p>Maggy at the range rammed down a greyish mass beneath bubbling suds twice with her potstick and wiped her brow.</p>
<p>—They wouldn’t give anything on them, she said.</p>
<p>Father Conmee walked through Clongowes fields, his thinsocked ankles tickled by stubble.</p>
<p>—Where did you try? Boody asked.</p>
<p>—M’Guinness’s.</p>
<p>Boody stamped her foot and threw her satchel on the table.</p>
<p>—Bad cess to her big face! she cried.</p>
<p>Katey went to the range and peered with squinting eyes.</p>
<p>—What’s in the pot? she asked.</p>
<p>—Shirts, Maggy said.</p>
<p>Boody cried angrily:</p>
<p>—Crickey, is there nothing for us to eat?</p>
<p>Katey, lifting the kettlelid in a pad of her stained skirt, asked:</p>
<p>—And what’s in this?</p>
<p>A heavy fume gushed in answer.</p>
<p>—Peasoup, Maggy said.</p>
<p>—Where did you get it? Katey asked.</p>
<p>—Sister Mary Patrick, Maggy said.</p>
<p>The lacquey rang his bell.</p>
<p>—Barang!</p>
<p>Boody sat down at the table and said hungrily:</p>
<p>—Give us it here.</p>
<p>Maggy poured yellow thick soup from the kettle into a bowl. Katey, sitting opposite Boody, said quietly, as her fingertip lifted to her mouth random crumbs:</p>
<p>—A good job we have that much. Where’s Dilly?</p>
<p>—Gone to meet father, Maggy said.</p>
<p>Boody, breaking big chunks of bread into the yellow soup, added:</p>
<p>—Our father who art not in heaven.</p>
<p>Maggy, pouring yellow soup in Katey’s bowl, exclaimed:</p>
<p>—Boody! For shame!</p>
<p>A skiff, a crumpled throwaway, Elijah is coming, rode lightly down the Liffey, under Loopline bridge, shooting the rapids where water chafed around the bridgepiers, sailing eastward past hulls and anchorchains, between the Customhouse old dock and George’s quay.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>The blond girl in Thornton’s bedded the wicker basket with rustling fibre. Blazes Boylan handed her the bottle swathed in pink tissue paper and a small jar.</p>
<p>—Put these in first, will you? he said.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, the blond girl said. And the fruit on top.</p>
<p>—That’ll do, game ball, Blazes Boylan said.</p>
<p>She bestowed fat pears neatly, head by tail, and among them ripe shamefaced peaches.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan walked here and there in new tan shoes about the fruitsmelling shop, lifting fruits, young juicy crinkled and plump red tomatoes, sniffing smells.</p>
<p>H. E. L. Y.’S filed before him, tallwhitehatted, past Tangier lane, plodding towards their goal.</p>
<p>He turned suddenly from a chip of strawberries, drew a gold watch from his fob and held it at its chain’s length.</p>
<p>—Can you send them by tram? Now?</p>
<p>A darkbacked figure under Merchants’ arch scanned books on the hawker’s cart.</p>
<p>—Certainly, sir. Is it in the city?</p>
<p>—O, yes, Blazes Boylan said. Ten minutes.</p>
<p>The blond girl handed him a docket and pencil.</p>
<p>—Will you write the address, sir?</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan at the counter wrote and pushed the docket to her.</p>
<p>—Send it at once, will you? he said. It’s for an invalid.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir. I will, sir.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan rattled merry money in his trousers’ pocket.</p>
<p>—What’s the damage? he asked.</p>
<p>The blond girl’s slim fingers reckoned the fruits.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan looked into the cut of her blouse. A young pullet. He took a red carnation from the tall stemglass.</p>
<p>—This for me? he asked gallantly.</p>
<p>The blond girl glanced sideways at him, got up regardless, with his tie a bit crooked, blushing.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, she said.</p>
<p>Bending archly she reckoned again fat pears and blushing peaches.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan looked in her blouse with more favour, the stalk of the red flower between his smiling teeth.</p>
<p>—May I say a word to your telephone, missy? he asked roguishly.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p><em>—Ma!</em> Almidano Artifoni said.</p>
<p>He gazed over Stephen’s shoulder at Goldsmith’s knobby poll.</p>
<p>Two carfuls of tourists passed slowly, their women sitting fore, gripping the handrests. Palefaces. Men’s arms frankly round their stunted forms. They looked from Trinity to the blind columned porch of the bank of Ireland where pigeons roocoocooed.</p>
<p>—<em>Anch’io ho avuto di queste idee</em>, Almidano Artifoni said, <em>quand’ ero giovine come Lei. Eppoi mi sono convinto che il mondo è una bestia. È peccato. Perchè la sua voce... sarebbe un cespite di rendita, via. Invece, Lei si sacrifica.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Sacrifizio incruento,</em> Stephen said smiling, swaying his ashplant in slow swingswong from its midpoint, lightly.</p>
<p><em>—Speriamo,</em> the round mustachioed face said pleasantly. <em>Ma, dia retta a me. Ci rifletta</em>.</p>
<p>By the stern stone hand of Grattan, bidding halt, an Inchicore tram unloaded straggling Highland soldiers of a band.</p>
<p>—<em>Ci rifletterò,</em> Stephen said, glancing down the solid trouserleg.</p>
<p>—<em>Ma, sul serio, eh?</em> Almidano Artifoni said.</p>
<p>His heavy hand took Stephen’s firmly. Human eyes. They gazed curiously an instant and turned quickly towards a Dalkey tram.</p>
<p><em>—Eccolo,</em> Almidano Artifoni said in friendly haste. <em>Venga a trovarmi e ci pensi. Addio, caro.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Arrivederla, maestro,</em> Stephen said, raising his hat when his hand was freed. <em>E grazie.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Di che?</em> Almidano Artifoni said. <em>Scusi, eh? Tante belle cose!</em></p>
<p>Almidano Artifoni, holding up a baton of rolled music as a signal, trotted on stout trousers after the Dalkey tram. In vain he trotted, signalling in vain among the rout of barekneed gillies smuggling implements of music through Trinity gates.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Miss Dunne hid the Capel street library copy of <em>The Woman in White</em> far back in her drawer and rolled a sheet of gaudy notepaper into her typewriter.</p>
<p>Too much mystery business in it. Is he in love with that one, Marion? Change it and get another by Mary Cecil Haye.</p>
<p>The disk shot down the groove, wobbled a while, ceased and ogled them: six.</p>
<p>Miss Dunne clicked on the keyboard:</p>
<p>—16 June 1904.</p>
<p>Five tallwhitehatted sandwichmen between Monypeny’s corner and the slab where Wolfe Tone’s statue was not, eeled themselves turning H. E. L. Y.’S and plodded back as they had come.</p>
<p>Then she stared at the large poster of Marie Kendall, charming soubrette, and, listlessly lolling, scribbled on the jotter sixteens and capital esses. Mustard hair and dauby cheeks. She’s not nicelooking, is she? The way she’s holding up her bit of a skirt. Wonder will that fellow be at the band tonight. If I could get that dressmaker to make a concertina skirt like Susy Nagle’s. They kick out grand. Shannon and all the boatclub swells never took his eyes off her. Hope to goodness he won’t keep me here till seven.</p>
<p>The telephone rang rudely by her ear.</p>
<p>—Hello. Yes, sir. No, sir. Yes, sir. I’ll ring them up after five. Only those two, sir, for Belfast and Liverpool. All right, sir. Then I can go after six if you’re not back. A quarter after. Yes, sir. Twentyseven and six. I’ll tell him. Yes: one, seven, six.</p>
<p>She scribbled three figures on an envelope.</p>
<p>—Mr Boylan! Hello! That gentleman from <em>Sport</em> was in looking for you. Mr Lenehan, yes. He said he’ll be in the Ormond at four. No, sir. Yes, sir. I’ll ring them up after five.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Two pink faces turned in the flare of the tiny torch.</p>
<p>—Who’s that? Ned Lambert asked. Is that Crotty?</p>
<p>—Ringabella and Crosshaven, a voice replied groping for foothold.</p>
<p>—Hello, Jack, is that yourself? Ned Lambert said, raising in salute his pliant lath among the flickering arches. Come on. Mind your steps there.</p>
<p>The vesta in the clergyman’s uplifted hand consumed itself in a long soft flame and was let fall. At their feet its red speck died: and mouldy air closed round them.</p>
<p>—How interesting! a refined accent said in the gloom.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, Ned Lambert said heartily. We are standing in the historic council chamber of saint Mary’s abbey where silken Thomas proclaimed himself a rebel in 1534. This is the most historic spot in all Dublin. O’Madden Burke is going to write something about it one of these days. The old bank of Ireland was over the way till the time of the union and the original jews’ temple was here too before they built their synagogue over in Adelaide road. You were never here before, Jack, were you?</p>
<p>—No, Ned.</p>
<p>—He rode down through Dame walk, the refined accent said, if my memory serves me. The mansion of the Kildares was in Thomas court.</p>
<p>—That’s right, Ned Lambert said. That’s quite right, sir.</p>
<p>—If you will be so kind then, the clergyman said, the next time to allow me perhaps...</p>
<p>—Certainly, Ned Lambert said. Bring the camera whenever you like. I’ll get those bags cleared away from the windows. You can take it from here or from here.</p>
<p>In the still faint light he moved about, tapping with his lath the piled seedbags and points of vantage on the floor.</p>
<p>From a long face a beard and gaze hung on a chessboard.</p>
<p>—I’m deeply obliged, Mr Lambert, the clergyman said. I won’t trespass on your valuable time...</p>
<p>—You’re welcome, sir, Ned Lambert said. Drop in whenever you like. Next week, say. Can you see?</p>
<p>—Yes, yes. Good afternoon, Mr Lambert. Very pleased to have met you.</p>
<p>—Pleasure is mine, sir, Ned Lambert answered.</p>
<p>He followed his guest to the outlet and then whirled his lath away among the pillars. With J. J. O’Molloy he came forth slowly into Mary’s abbey where draymen were loading floats with sacks of carob and palmnut meal, O’Connor, Wexford.</p>
<p>He stood to read the card in his hand.</p>
<p>—The reverend Hugh C. Love, Rathcoffey. Present address: Saint Michael’s, Sallins. Nice young chap he is. He’s writing a book about the Fitzgeralds he told me. He’s well up in history, faith.</p>
<p>The young woman with slow care detached from her light skirt a clinging twig.</p>
<p>—I thought you were at a new gunpowder plot, J. J. O’Molloy said.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert cracked his fingers in the air.</p>
<p>—God! he cried. I forgot to tell him that one about the earl of Kildare after he set fire to Cashel cathedral. You know that one? <em>I’m bloody sorry I did it,</em> says he, <em>but I declare to God I thought the archbishop was inside.</em> He mightn’t like it, though. What? God, I’ll tell him anyhow. That was the great earl, the Fitzgerald Mor. Hot members they were all of them, the Geraldines.</p>
<p>The horses he passed started nervously under their slack harness. He slapped a piebald haunch quivering near him and cried:</p>
<p>—Woa, sonny!</p>
<p>He turned to J. J. O’Molloy and asked:</p>
<p>—Well, Jack. What is it? What’s the trouble? Wait awhile. Hold hard.</p>
<p>With gaping mouth and head far back he stood still and, after an instant, sneezed loudly.</p>
<p>—Chow! he said. Blast you!</p>
<p>—The dust from those sacks, J. J. O’Molloy said politely.</p>
<p>—No, Ned Lambert gasped, I caught a... cold night before... blast your soul... night before last... and there was a hell of a lot of draught...</p>
<p>He held his handkerchief ready for the coming...</p>
<p>—I was... Glasnevin this morning... poor little... what do you call him... Chow!... Mother of Moses!</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Tom Rochford took the top disk from the pile he clasped against his claret waistcoat.</p>
<p>—See? he said. Say it’s turn six. In here, see. Turn Now On.</p>
<p>He slid it into the left slot for them. It shot down the groove, wobbled a while, ceased, ogling them: six.</p>
<p>Lawyers of the past, haughty, pleading, beheld pass from the consolidated taxing office to Nisi Prius court Richie Goulding carrying the costbag of Goulding, Collis and Ward and heard rustling from the admiralty division of king’s bench to the court of appeal an elderly female with false teeth smiling incredulously and a black silk skirt of great amplitude.</p>
<p>—See? he said. See now the last one I put in is over here: Turns Over. The impact. Leverage, see?</p>
<p>He showed them the rising column of disks on the right.</p>
<p>—Smart idea, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling. So a fellow coming in late can see what turn is on and what turns are over.</p>
<p>—See? Tom Rochford said.</p>
<p>He slid in a disk for himself: and watched it shoot, wobble, ogle, stop: four. Turn Now On.</p>
<p>—I’ll see him now in the Ormond, Lenehan said, and sound him. One good turn deserves another.</p>
<p>—Do, Tom Rochford said. Tell him I’m Boylan with impatience.</p>
<p>—Goodnight, M’Coy said abruptly. When you two begin...</p>
<p>Nosey Flynn stooped towards the lever, snuffling at it.</p>
<p>—But how does it work here, Tommy? he asked.</p>
<p>—Tooraloo, Lenehan said. See you later.</p>
<p>He followed M’Coy out across the tiny square of Crampton court.</p>
<p>—He’s a hero, he said simply.</p>
<p>—I know, M’Coy said. The drain, you mean.</p>
<p>—Drain? Lenehan said. It was down a manhole.</p>
<p>They passed Dan Lowry’s musichall where Marie Kendall, charming soubrette, smiled on them from a poster a dauby smile.</p>
<p>Going down the path of Sycamore street beside the Empire musichall Lenehan showed M’Coy how the whole thing was. One of those manholes like a bloody gaspipe and there was the poor devil stuck down in it, half choked with sewer gas. Down went Tom Rochford anyhow, booky’s vest and all, with the rope round him. And be damned but he got the rope round the poor devil and the two were hauled up.</p>
<p>—The act of a hero, he said.</p>
<p>At the Dolphin they halted to allow the ambulance car to gallop past them for Jervis street.</p>
<p>—This way, he said, walking to the right. I want to pop into Lynam’s to see Sceptre’s starting price. What’s the time by your gold watch and chain?</p>
<p>M’Coy peered into Marcus Tertius Moses’ sombre office, then at O’Neill’s clock.</p>
<p>—After three, he said. Who’s riding her?</p>
<p>—O. Madden, Lenehan said. And a game filly she is.</p>
<p>While he waited in Temple bar M’Coy dodged a banana peel with gentle pushes of his toe from the path to the gutter. Fellow might damn easy get a nasty fall there coming along tight in the dark.</p>
<p>The gates of the drive opened wide to give egress to the viceregal cavalcade.</p>
<p>—Even money, Lenehan said returning. I knocked against Bantam Lyons in there going to back a bloody horse someone gave him that hasn’t an earthly. Through here.</p>
<p>They went up the steps and under Merchants’ arch. A darkbacked figure scanned books on the hawker’s cart.</p>
<p>—There he is, Lenehan said.</p>
<p>—Wonder what he’s buying, M’Coy said, glancing behind.</p>
<p>—<em>Leopoldo or the Bloom is on the Rye,</em> Lenehan said.</p>
<p>—He’s dead nuts on sales, M’Coy said. I was with him one day and he bought a book from an old one in Liffey street for two bob. There were fine plates in it worth double the money, the stars and the moon and comets with long tails. Astronomy it was about.</p>
<p>Lenehan laughed.</p>
<p>—I’ll tell you a damn good one about comets’ tails, he said. Come over in the sun.</p>
<p>They crossed to the metal bridge and went along Wellington quay by the riverwall.</p>
<p>Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam came out of Mangan’s, late Fehrenbach’s, carrying a pound and a half of porksteaks.</p>
<p>—There was a long spread out at Glencree reformatory, Lenehan said eagerly. The annual dinner, you know. Boiled shirt affair. The lord mayor was there, Val Dillon it was, and sir Charles Cameron and Dan Dawson spoke and there was music. Bartell d’Arcy sang and Benjamin Dollard...</p>
<p>—I know, M’Coy broke in. My missus sang there once.</p>
<p>—Did she? Lenehan said.</p>
<p>A card <em>Unfurnished Apartments</em> reappeared on the windowsash of number 7 Eccles street.</p>
<p>He checked his tale a moment but broke out in a wheezy laugh.</p>
<p>—But wait till I tell you, he said. Delahunt of Camden street had the catering and yours truly was chief bottlewasher. Bloom and the wife were there. Lashings of stuff we put up: port wine and sherry and curacoa to which we did ample justice. Fast and furious it was. After liquids came solids. Cold joints galore and mince pies...</p>
<p>—I know, M’Coy said. The year the missus was there...</p>
<p>Lenehan linked his arm warmly.</p>
<p>—But wait till I tell you, he said. We had a midnight lunch too after all the jollification and when we sallied forth it was blue o’clock the morning after the night before. Coming home it was a gorgeous winter’s night on the Featherbed Mountain. Bloom and Chris Callinan were on one side of the car and I was with the wife on the other. We started singing glees and duets: <em>Lo, the early beam of morning</em>. She was well primed with a good load of Delahunt’s port under her bellyband. Every jolt the bloody car gave I had her bumping up against me. Hell’s delights! She has a fine pair, God bless her. Like that.</p>
<p>He held his caved hands a cubit from him, frowning:</p>
<p>—I was tucking the rug under her and settling her boa all the time. Know what I mean?</p>
<p>His hands moulded ample curves of air. He shut his eyes tight in delight, his body shrinking, and blew a sweet chirp from his lips.</p>
<p>—The lad stood to attention anyhow, he said with a sigh. She’s a gamey mare and no mistake. Bloom was pointing out all the stars and the comets in the heavens to Chris Callinan and the jarvey: the great bear and Hercules and the dragon, and the whole jingbang lot. But, by God, I was lost, so to speak, in the milky way. He knows them all, faith. At last she spotted a weeny weeshy one miles away. <em>And what star is that, Poldy?</em> says she. By God, she had Bloom cornered. <em>That one, is it?</em> says Chris Callinan, <em>sure that’s only what you might call a pinprick.</em> By God, he wasn’t far wide of the mark.</p>
<p>Lenehan stopped and leaned on the riverwall, panting with soft laughter.</p>
<p>—I’m weak, he gasped.</p>
<p>M’Coy’s white face smiled about it at instants and grew grave. Lenehan walked on again. He lifted his yachtingcap and scratched his hindhead rapidly. He glanced sideways in the sunlight at M’Coy.</p>
<p>—He’s a cultured allroundman, Bloom is, he said seriously. He’s not one of your common or garden... you know... There’s a touch of the artist about old Bloom.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Mr Bloom turned over idly pages of <em>The Awful Disclosures of Maria Monk</em>, then of Aristotle’s <em>Masterpiece.</em> Crooked botched print. Plates: infants cuddled in a ball in bloodred wombs like livers of slaughtered cows. Lots of them like that at this moment all over the world. All butting with their skulls to get out of it. Child born every minute somewhere. Mrs Purefoy.</p>
<p>He laid both books aside and glanced at the third: <em>Tales of the Ghetto</em> by Leopold von Sacher Masoch.</p>
<p>—That I had, he said, pushing it by.</p>
<p>The shopman let two volumes fall on the counter.</p>
<p>—Them are two good ones, he said.</p>
<p>Onions of his breath came across the counter out of his ruined mouth. He bent to make a bundle of the other books, hugged them against his unbuttoned waistcoat and bore them off behind the dingy curtain.</p>
<p>On O’Connell bridge many persons observed the grave deportment and gay apparel of Mr Denis J Maginni, professor of dancing &amp;c.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, alone, looked at the titles. <em>Fair Tyrants</em> by James Lovebirch. Know the kind that is. Had it? Yes.</p>
<p>He opened it. Thought so.</p>
<p>A woman’s voice behind the dingy curtain. Listen: the man.</p>
<p>No: she wouldn’t like that much. Got her it once.</p>
<p>He read the other title: <em>Sweets of Sin</em>. More in her line. Let us see.</p>
<p>He read where his finger opened.</p>
<p><em>—All the dollarbills her husband gave her were spent in the stores on wondrous gowns and costliest frillies. For him! For Raoul!</em></p>
<p>Yes. This. Here. Try.</p>
<p>—<em>Her mouth glued on his in a luscious voluptuous kiss while his hands felt for the opulent curves inside her déshabillé.</em></p>
<p>Yes. Take this. The end.</p>
<p>—You are late, he spoke hoarsely, eying her with a suspicious glare.</p>
<p>The beautiful woman threw off her sabletrimmed wrap, displaying her queenly shoulders and heaving embonpoint. An imperceptible smile played round her perfect lips as she turned to him calmly.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom read again: <em>The beautiful woman.</em></p>
<p>Warmth showered gently over him, cowing his flesh. Flesh yielded amply amid rumpled clothes: whites of eyes swooning up. His nostrils arched themselves for prey. Melting breast ointments (<em>for him! For Raoul!</em>). Armpits’ oniony sweat. Fishgluey slime (<em>her heaving embonpoint!</em>). Feel! Press! Crished! Sulphur dung of lions!</p>
<p>Young! Young!</p>
<p>An elderly female, no more young, left the building of the courts of chancery, king’s bench, exchequer and common pleas, having heard in the lord chancellor’s court the case in lunacy of Potterton, in the admiralty division the summons, exparte motion, of the owners of the Lady Cairns versus the owners of the barque Mona, in the court of appeal reservation of judgment in the case of Harvey versus the Ocean Accident and Guarantee Corporation.</p>
<p>Phlegmy coughs shook the air of the bookshop, bulging out the dingy curtains. The shopman’s uncombed grey head came out and his unshaven reddened face, coughing. He raked his throat rudely, puked phlegm on the floor. He put his boot on what he had spat, wiping his sole along it, and bent, showing a rawskinned crown, scantily haired.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom beheld it.</p>
<p>Mastering his troubled breath, he said:</p>
<p>—I’ll take this one.</p>
<p>The shopman lifted eyes bleared with old rheum.</p>
<p>—<em>Sweets of Sin,</em> he said, tapping on it. That’s a good one.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>The lacquey by the door of Dillon’s auctionrooms shook his handbell twice again and viewed himself in the chalked mirror of the cabinet.</p>
<p>Dilly Dedalus, loitering by the curbstone, heard the beats of the bell, the cries of the auctioneer within. Four and nine. Those lovely curtains. Five shillings. Cosy curtains. Selling new at two guineas. Any advance on five shillings? Going for five shillings.</p>
<p>The lacquey lifted his handbell and shook it:</p>
<p>—Barang!</p>
<p>Bang of the lastlap bell spurred the halfmile wheelmen to their sprint. J. A. Jackson, W. E. Wylie, A. Munro and H. T. Gahan, their stretched necks wagging, negotiated the curve by the College library.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus, tugging a long moustache, came round from Williams’s row. He halted near his daughter.</p>
<p>—It’s time for you, she said.</p>
<p>—Stand up straight for the love of the lord Jesus, Mr Dedalus said. Are you trying to imitate your uncle John, the cornetplayer, head upon shoulder? Melancholy God!</p>
<p>Dilly shrugged her shoulders. Mr Dedalus placed his hands on them and held them back.</p>
<p>—Stand up straight, girl, he said. You’ll get curvature of the spine. Do you know what you look like?</p>
<p>He let his head sink suddenly down and forward, hunching his shoulders and dropping his underjaw.</p>
<p>—Give it up, father, Dilly said. All the people are looking at you.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus drew himself upright and tugged again at his moustache.</p>
<p>—Did you get any money? Dilly asked.</p>
<p>—Where would I get money? Mr Dedalus said. There is no-one in Dublin would lend me fourpence.</p>
<p>—You got some, Dilly said, looking in his eyes.</p>
<p>—How do you know that? Mr Dedalus asked, his tongue in his cheek.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan, pleased with the order he had booked, walked boldly along James’s street.</p>
<p>—I know you did, Dilly answered. Were you in the Scotch house now?</p>
<p>—I was not, then, Mr Dedalus said, smiling. Was it the little nuns taught you to be so saucy? Here.</p>
<p>He handed her a shilling.</p>
<p>—See if you can do anything with that, he said.</p>
<p>—I suppose you got five, Dilly said. Give me more than that.</p>
<p>—Wait awhile, Mr Dedalus said threateningly. You’re like the rest of them, are you? An insolent pack of little bitches since your poor mother died. But wait awhile. You’ll all get a short shrift and a long day from me. Low blackguardism! I’m going to get rid of you. Wouldn’t care if I was stretched out stiff. He’s dead. The man upstairs is dead.</p>
<p>He left her and walked on. Dilly followed quickly and pulled his coat.</p>
<p>—Well, what is it? he said, stopping.</p>
<p>The lacquey rang his bell behind their backs.</p>
<p>—Barang!</p>
<p>—Curse your bloody blatant soul, Mr Dedalus cried, turning on him.</p>
<p>The lacquey, aware of comment, shook the lolling clapper of his bell but feebly:</p>
<p>—Bang!</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus stared at him.</p>
<p>—Watch him, he said. It’s instructive. I wonder will he allow us to talk.</p>
<p>—You got more than that, father, Dilly said.</p>
<p>—I’m going to show you a little trick, Mr Dedalus said. I’ll leave you all where Jesus left the jews. Look, there’s all I have. I got two shillings from Jack Power and I spent twopence for a shave for the funeral.</p>
<p>He drew forth a handful of copper coins, nervously.</p>
<p>—Can’t you look for some money somewhere? Dilly said.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus thought and nodded.</p>
<p>—I will, he said gravely. I looked all along the gutter in O’Connell street. I’ll try this one now.</p>
<p>—You’re very funny, Dilly said, grinning.</p>
<p>—Here, Mr Dedalus said, handing her two pennies. Get a glass of milk for yourself and a bun or a something. I’ll be home shortly.</p>
<p>He put the other coins in his pocket and started to walk on.</p>
<p>The viceregal cavalcade passed, greeted by obsequious policemen, out of Parkgate.</p>
<p>—I’m sure you have another shilling, Dilly said.</p>
<p>The lacquey banged loudly.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus amid the din walked off, murmuring to himself with a pursing mincing mouth gently:</p>
<p>—The little nuns! Nice little things! O, sure they wouldn’t do anything! O, sure they wouldn’t really! Is it little sister Monica!</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>From the sundial towards James’s gate walked Mr Kernan, pleased with the order he had booked for Pulbrook Robertson, boldly along James’s street, past Shackleton’s offices. Got round him all right. How do you do, Mr Crimmins? First rate, sir. I was afraid you might be up in your other establishment in Pimlico. How are things going? Just keeping alive. Lovely weather we’re having. Yes, indeed. Good for the country. Those farmers are always grumbling. I’ll just take a thimbleful of your best gin, Mr Crimmins. A small gin, sir. Yes, sir. Terrible affair that <em>General Slocum</em> explosion. Terrible, terrible! A thousand casualties. And heartrending scenes. Men trampling down women and children. Most brutal thing. What do they say was the cause? Spontaneous combustion. Most scandalous revelation. Not a single lifeboat would float and the firehose all burst. What I can’t understand is how the inspectors ever allowed a boat like that... Now, you’re talking straight, Mr Crimmins. You know why? Palm oil. Is that a fact? Without a doubt. Well now, look at that. And America they say is the land of the free. I thought we were bad here.</p>
<p>I smiled at him. <em>America,</em> I said quietly, just like that. <em>What is it? The sweepings of every country including our own. Isn’t that true?</em> That’s a fact.</p>
<p>Graft, my dear sir. Well, of course, where there’s money going there’s always someone to pick it up.</p>
<p>Saw him looking at my frockcoat. Dress does it. Nothing like a dressy appearance. Bowls them over.</p>
<p>—Hello, Simon, Father Cowley said. How are things?</p>
<p>—Hello, Bob, old man, Mr Dedalus answered, stopping.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan halted and preened himself before the sloping mirror of Peter Kennedy, hairdresser. Stylish coat, beyond a doubt. Scott of Dawson street. Well worth the half sovereign I gave Neary for it. Never built under three guineas. Fits me down to the ground. Some Kildare street club toff had it probably. John Mulligan, the manager of the Hibernian bank, gave me a very sharp eye yesterday on Carlisle bridge as if he remembered me.</p>
<p>Aham! Must dress the character for those fellows. Knight of the road. Gentleman. And now, Mr Crimmins, may we have the honour of your custom again, sir. The cup that cheers but not inebriates, as the old saying has it.</p>
<p>North wall and sir John Rogerson’s quay, with hulls and anchorchains, sailing westward, sailed by a skiff, a crumpled throwaway, rocked on the ferrywash, Elijah is coming.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan glanced in farewell at his image. High colour, of course. Grizzled moustache. Returned Indian officer. Bravely he bore his stumpy body forward on spatted feet, squaring his shoulders. Is that Ned Lambert’s brother over the way, Sam? What? Yes. He’s as like it as damn it. No. The windscreen of that motorcar in the sun there. Just a flash like that. Damn like him.</p>
<p>Aham! Hot spirit of juniper juice warmed his vitals and his breath. Good drop of gin, that was. His frocktails winked in bright sunshine to his fat strut.</p>
<p>Down there Emmet was hanged, drawn and quartered. Greasy black rope. Dogs licking the blood off the street when the lord lieutenant’s wife drove by in her noddy.</p>
<p>Bad times those were. Well, well. Over and done with. Great topers too. Fourbottle men.</p>
<p>Let me see. Is he buried in saint Michan’s? Or no, there was a midnight burial in Glasnevin. Corpse brought in through a secret door in the wall. Dignam is there now. Went out in a puff. Well, well. Better turn down here. Make a detour.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan turned and walked down the slope of Watling street by the corner of Guinness’s visitors’ waitingroom. Outside the Dublin Distillers Company’s stores an outside car without fare or jarvey stood, the reins knotted to the wheel. Damn dangerous thing. Some Tipperary bosthoon endangering the lives of the citizens. Runaway horse.</p>
<p>Denis Breen with his tomes, weary of having waited an hour in John Henry Menton’s office, led his wife over O’Connell bridge, bound for the office of Messrs Collis and Ward.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan approached Island street.</p>
<p>Times of the troubles. Must ask Ned Lambert to lend me those reminiscences of sir Jonah Barrington. When you look back on it all now in a kind of retrospective arrangement. Gaming at Daly’s. No cardsharping then. One of those fellows got his hand nailed to the table by a dagger. Somewhere here lord Edward Fitzgerald escaped from major Sirr. Stables behind Moira house.</p>
<p>Damn good gin that was.</p>
<p>Fine dashing young nobleman. Good stock, of course. That ruffian, that sham squire, with his violet gloves gave him away. Course they were on the wrong side. They rose in dark and evil days. Fine poem that is: Ingram. They were gentlemen. Ben Dollard does sing that ballad touchingly. Masterly rendition.</p>
<p><em>At the siege of Ross did my father fall.</em></p>
<p>A cavalcade in easy trot along Pembroke quay passed, outriders leaping, leaping in their, in their saddles. Frockcoats. Cream sunshades.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan hurried forward, blowing pursily.</p>
<p>His Excellency! Too bad! Just missed that by a hair. Damn it! What a pity!</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Stephen Dedalus watched through the webbed window the lapidary’s fingers prove a timedulled chain. Dust webbed the window and the showtrays. Dust darkened the toiling fingers with their vulture nails. Dust slept on dull coils of bronze and silver, lozenges of cinnabar, on rubies, leprous and winedark stones.</p>
<p>Born all in the dark wormy earth, cold specks of fire, evil, lights shining in the darkness. Where fallen archangels flung the stars of their brows. Muddy swinesnouts, hands, root and root, gripe and wrest them.</p>
<p>She dances in a foul gloom where gum bums with garlic. A sailorman, rustbearded, sips from a beaker rum and eyes her. A long and seafed silent rut. She dances, capers, wagging her sowish haunches and her hips, on her gross belly flapping a ruby egg.</p>
<p>Old Russell with a smeared shammy rag burnished again his gem, turned it and held it at the point of his Moses’ beard. Grandfather ape gloating on a stolen hoard.</p>
<p>And you who wrest old images from the burial earth? The brainsick words of sophists: Antisthenes. A lore of drugs. Orient and immortal wheat standing from everlasting to everlasting.</p>
<p>Two old women fresh from their whiff of the briny trudged through Irishtown along London bridge road, one with a sanded tired umbrella, one with a midwife’s bag in which eleven cockles rolled.</p>
<p>The whirr of flapping leathern bands and hum of dynamos from the powerhouse urged Stephen to be on. Beingless beings. Stop! Throb always without you and the throb always within. Your heart you sing of. I between them. Where? Between two roaring worlds where they swirl, I. Shatter them, one and both. But stun myself too in the blow. Shatter me you who can. Bawd and butcher were the words. I say! Not yet awhile. A look around.</p>
<p>Yes, quite true. Very large and wonderful and keeps famous time. You say right, sir. A Monday morning, ’twas so, indeed.</p>
<p>Stephen went down Bedford row, the handle of the ash clacking against his shoulderblade. In Clohissey’s window a faded 1860 print of Heenan boxing Sayers held his eye. Staring backers with square hats stood round the roped prizering. The heavyweights in tight loincloths proposed gently each to other his bulbous fists. And they are throbbing: heroes’ hearts.</p>
<p>He turned and halted by the slanted bookcart.</p>
<p>—Twopence each, the huckster said. Four for sixpence.</p>
<p>Tattered pages. <em>The Irish Beekeeper. Life and Miracles of the Curé of Ars. Pocket Guide to Killarney.</em></p>
<p>I might find here one of my pawned schoolprizes. <em>Stephano Dedalo, alumno optimo, palmam ferenti.</em></p>
<p>Father Conmee, having read his little hours, walked through the hamlet of Donnycarney, murmuring vespers.</p>
<p>Binding too good probably. What is this? Eighth and ninth book of Moses. Secret of all secrets. Seal of King David. Thumbed pages: read and read. Who has passed here before me? How to soften chapped hands. Recipe for white wine vinegar. How to win a woman’s love. For me this. Say the following talisman three times with hands folded:</p>
<p>—<em>Se el yilo nebrakada femininum! Amor me solo! Sanktus! Amen.</em></p>
<p>Who wrote this? Charms and invocations of the most blessed abbot Peter Salanka to all true believers divulged. As good as any other abbot’s charms, as mumbling Joachim’s. Down, baldynoddle, or we’ll wool your wool.</p>
<p>—What are you doing here, Stephen?</p>
<p>Dilly’s high shoulders and shabby dress.</p>
<p>Shut the book quick. Don’t let see.</p>
<p>—What are you doing? Stephen said.</p>
<p>A Stuart face of nonesuch Charles, lank locks falling at its sides. It glowed as she crouched feeding the fire with broken boots. I told her of Paris. Late lieabed under a quilt of old overcoats, fingering a pinchbeck bracelet, Dan Kelly’s token. <em>Nebrakada femininum.</em></p>
<p>—What have you there? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>—I bought it from the other cart for a penny, Dilly said, laughing nervously. Is it any good?</p>
<p>My eyes they say she has. Do others see me so? Quick, far and daring. Shadow of my mind.</p>
<p>He took the coverless book from her hand. Chardenal’s French primer.</p>
<p>—What did you buy that for? he asked. To learn French?</p>
<p>She nodded, reddening and closing tight her lips.</p>
<p>Show no surprise. Quite natural.</p>
<p>—Here, Stephen said. It’s all right. Mind Maggy doesn’t pawn it on you. I suppose all my books are gone.</p>
<p>—Some, Dilly said. We had to.</p>
<p>She is drowning. Agenbite. Save her. Agenbite. All against us. She will drown me with her, eyes and hair. Lank coils of seaweed hair around me, my heart, my soul. Salt green death.</p>
<p>We.</p>
<p>Agenbite of inwit. Inwit’s agenbite.</p>
<p>Misery! Misery!</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>—Hello, Simon, Father Cowley said. How are things?</p>
<p>—Hello, Bob, old man, Mr Dedalus answered, stopping.</p>
<p>They clasped hands loudly outside Reddy and Daughter’s. Father Cowley brushed his moustache often downward with a scooping hand.</p>
<p>—What’s the best news? Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>—Why then not much, Father Cowley said. I’m barricaded up, Simon, with two men prowling around the house trying to effect an entrance.</p>
<p>—Jolly, Mr Dedalus said. Who is it?</p>
<p>—O, Father Cowley said. A certain gombeen man of our acquaintance.</p>
<p>—With a broken back, is it? Mr Dedalus asked.</p>
<p>—The same, Simon, Father Cowley answered. Reuben of that ilk. I’m just waiting for Ben Dollard. He’s going to say a word to long John to get him to take those two men off. All I want is a little time.</p>
<p>He looked with vague hope up and down the quay, a big apple bulging in his neck.</p>
<p>—I know, Mr Dedalus said, nodding. Poor old bockedy Ben! He’s always doing a good turn for someone. Hold hard!</p>
<p>He put on his glasses and gazed towards the metal bridge an instant.</p>
<p>—There he is, by God, he said, arse and pockets.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard’s loose blue cutaway and square hat above large slops crossed the quay in full gait from the metal bridge. He came towards them at an amble, scratching actively behind his coattails.</p>
<p>As he came near Mr Dedalus greeted:</p>
<p>—Hold that fellow with the bad trousers.</p>
<p>—Hold him now, Ben Dollard said.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus eyed with cold wandering scorn various points of Ben Dollard’s figure. Then, turning to Father Cowley with a nod, he muttered sneeringly:</p>
<p>—That’s a pretty garment, isn’t it, for a summer’s day?</p>
<p>—Why, God eternally curse your soul, Ben Dollard growled furiously, I threw out more clothes in my time than you ever saw.</p>
<p>He stood beside them beaming, on them first and on his roomy clothes from points of which Mr Dedalus flicked fluff, saying:</p>
<p>—They were made for a man in his health, Ben, anyhow.</p>
<p>—Bad luck to the jewman that made them, Ben Dollard said. Thanks be to God he’s not paid yet.</p>
<p>—And how is that <em>basso profondo</em>, Benjamin? Father Cowley asked.</p>
<p>Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, murmuring, glassyeyed, strode past the Kildare street club.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard frowned and, making suddenly a chanter’s mouth, gave forth a deep note.</p>
<p>—Aw! he said.</p>
<p>—That’s the style, Mr Dedalus said, nodding to its drone.</p>
<p>—What about that? Ben Dollard said. Not too dusty? What?</p>
<p>He turned to both.</p>
<p>—That’ll do, Father Cowley said, nodding also.</p>
<p>The reverend Hugh C. Love walked from the old chapterhouse of saint Mary’s abbey past James and Charles Kennedy’s, rectifiers, attended by Geraldines tall and personable, towards the Tholsel beyond the ford of hurdles.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard with a heavy list towards the shopfronts led them forward, his joyful fingers in the air.</p>
<p>—Come along with me to the subsheriff’s office, he said. I want to show you the new beauty Rock has for a bailiff. He’s a cross between Lobengula and Lynchehaun. He’s well worth seeing, mind you. Come along. I saw John Henry Menton casually in the Bodega just now and it will cost me a fall if I don’t... Wait awhile... We’re on the right lay, Bob, believe you me.</p>
<p>—For a few days tell him, Father Cowley said anxiously.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard halted and stared, his loud orifice open, a dangling button of his coat wagging brightbacked from its thread as he wiped away the heavy shraums that clogged his eyes to hear aright.</p>
<p>—What few days? he boomed. Hasn’t your landlord distrained for rent?</p>
<p>—He has, Father Cowley said.</p>
<p>—Then our friend’s writ is not worth the paper it’s printed on, Ben Dollard said. The landlord has the prior claim. I gave him all the particulars. 29 Windsor avenue. Love is the name?</p>
<p>—That’s right, Father Cowley said. The reverend Mr Love. He’s a minister in the country somewhere. But are you sure of that?</p>
<p>—You can tell Barabbas from me, Ben Dollard said, that he can put that writ where Jacko put the nuts.</p>
<p>He led Father Cowley boldly forward, linked to his bulk.</p>
<p>—Filberts I believe they were, Mr Dedalus said, as he dropped his glasses on his coatfront, following them.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>—The youngster will be all right, Martin Cunningham said, as they passed out of the Castleyard gate.</p>
<p>The policeman touched his forehead.</p>
<p>—God bless you, Martin Cunningham said, cheerily.</p>
<p>He signed to the waiting jarvey who chucked at the reins and set on towards Lord Edward street.</p>
<p>Bronze by gold, Miss Kennedy’s head by Miss Douce’s head, appeared above the crossblind of the Ormond hotel.</p>
<p>—Yes, Martin Cunningham said, fingering his beard. I wrote to Father Conmee and laid the whole case before him.</p>
<p>—You could try our friend, Mr Power suggested backward.</p>
<p>—Boyd? Martin Cunningham said shortly. Touch me not.</p>
<p>John Wyse Nolan, lagging behind, reading the list, came after them quickly down Cork hill.</p>
<p>On the steps of the City hall Councillor Nannetti, descending, hailed Alderman Cowley and Councillor Abraham Lyon ascending.</p>
<p>The castle car wheeled empty into upper Exchange street.</p>
<p>—Look here, Martin, John Wyse Nolan said, overtaking them at the <em>Mail</em> office. I see Bloom put his name down for five shillings.</p>
<p>—Quite right, Martin Cunningham said, taking the list. And put down the five shillings too.</p>
<p>—Without a second word either, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—Strange but true, Martin Cunningham added.</p>
<p>John Wyse Nolan opened wide eyes.</p>
<p>—I’ll say there is much kindness in the jew, he quoted, elegantly.</p>
<p>They went down Parliament street.</p>
<p>—There’s Jimmy Henry, Mr Power said, just heading for Kavanagh’s.</p>
<p>—Righto, Martin Cunningham said. Here goes.</p>
<p>Outside <em>la Maison Claire</em> Blazes Boylan waylaid Jack Mooney’s brother-in-law, humpy, tight, making for the liberties.</p>
<p>John Wyse Nolan fell back with Mr Power, while Martin Cunningham took the elbow of a dapper little man in a shower of hail suit, who walked uncertainly, with hasty steps past Micky Anderson’s watches.</p>
<p>—The assistant town clerk’s corns are giving him some trouble, John Wyse Nolan told Mr Power.</p>
<p>They followed round the corner towards James Kavanagh’s winerooms. The empty castle car fronted them at rest in Essex gate. Martin Cunningham, speaking always, showed often the list at which Jimmy Henry did not glance.</p>
<p>—And long John Fanning is here too, John Wyse Nolan said, as large as life.</p>
<p>The tall form of long John Fanning filled the doorway where he stood.</p>
<p>—Good day, Mr Subsheriff, Martin Cunningham said, as all halted and greeted.</p>
<p>Long John Fanning made no way for them. He removed his large Henry Clay decisively and his large fierce eyes scowled intelligently over all their faces.</p>
<p>—Are the conscript fathers pursuing their peaceful deliberations? he said with rich acrid utterance to the assistant town clerk.</p>
<p>Hell open to christians they were having, Jimmy Henry said pettishly, about their damned Irish language. Where was the marshal, he wanted to know, to keep order in the council chamber. And old Barlow the macebearer laid up with asthma, no mace on the table, nothing in order, no quorum even, and Hutchinson, the lord mayor, in Llandudno and little Lorcan Sherlock doing <em>locum tenens</em> for him. Damned Irish language, language of our forefathers.</p>
<p>Long John Fanning blew a plume of smoke from his lips.</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham spoke by turns, twirling the peak of his beard, to the assistant town clerk and the subsheriff, while John Wyse Nolan held his peace.</p>
<p>—What Dignam was that? long John Fanning asked.</p>
<p>Jimmy Henry made a grimace and lifted his left foot.</p>
<p>—O, my corns! he said plaintively. Come upstairs for goodness’ sake till I sit down somewhere. Uff! Ooo! Mind!</p>
<p>Testily he made room for himself beside long John Fanning’s flank and passed in and up the stairs.</p>
<p>—Come on up, Martin Cunningham said to the subsheriff. I don’t think you knew him or perhaps you did, though.</p>
<p>With John Wyse Nolan Mr Power followed them in.</p>
<p>—Decent little soul he was, Mr Power said to the stalwart back of long John Fanning ascending towards long John Fanning in the mirror.</p>
<p>—Rather lowsized. Dignam of Menton’s office that was, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>Long John Fanning could not remember him.</p>
<p>Clatter of horsehoofs sounded from the air.</p>
<p>—What’s that? Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>All turned where they stood. John Wyse Nolan came down again. From the cool shadow of the doorway he saw the horses pass Parliament street, harness and glossy pasterns in sunlight shimmering. Gaily they went past before his cool unfriendly eyes, not quickly. In saddles of the leaders, leaping leaders, rode outriders.</p>
<p>—What was it? Martin Cunningham asked, as they went on up the staircase.</p>
<p>—The lord lieutenantgeneral and general governor of Ireland, John Wyse Nolan answered from the stairfoot.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>As they trod across the thick carpet Buck Mulligan whispered behind his Panama to Haines:</p>
<p>—Parnell’s brother. There in the corner.</p>
<p>They chose a small table near the window, opposite a longfaced man whose beard and gaze hung intently down on a chessboard.</p>
<p>—Is that he? Haines asked, twisting round in his seat.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mulligan said. That’s John Howard, his brother, our city marshal.</p>
<p>John Howard Parnell translated a white bishop quietly and his grey claw went up again to his forehead whereat it rested. An instant after, under its screen, his eyes looked quickly, ghostbright, at his foe and fell once more upon a working corner.</p>
<p>—I’ll take a <em>mélange,</em> Haines said to the waitress.</p>
<p>—Two <em>mélanges,</em> Buck Mulligan said. And bring us some scones and butter and some cakes as well.</p>
<p>When she had gone he said, laughing:</p>
<p>—We call it D.B.C. because they have damn bad cakes. O, but you missed Dedalus on <em>Hamlet.</em></p>
<p>Haines opened his newbought book.</p>
<p>—I’m sorry, he said. Shakespeare is the happy huntingground of all minds that have lost their balance.</p>
<p>The onelegged sailor growled at the area of 14 Nelson street:</p>
<p>—<em>England expects</em>...</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s primrose waistcoat shook gaily to his laughter.</p>
<p>—You should see him, he said, when his body loses its balance. Wandering Ængus I call him.</p>
<p>—I am sure he has an <em>idée fixe,</em> Haines said, pinching his chin thoughtfully with thumb and forefinger. Now I am speculating what it would be likely to be. Such persons always have.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan bent across the table gravely.</p>
<p>—They drove his wits astray, he said, by visions of hell. He will never capture the Attic note. The note of Swinburne, of all poets, the white death and the ruddy birth. That is his tragedy. He can never be a poet. The joy of creation...</p>
<p>—Eternal punishment, Haines said, nodding curtly. I see. I tackled him this morning on belief. There was something on his mind, I saw. It’s rather interesting because professor Pokorny of Vienna makes an interesting point out of that.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s watchful eyes saw the waitress come. He helped her to unload her tray.</p>
<p>—He can find no trace of hell in ancient Irish myth, Haines said, amid the cheerful cups. The moral idea seems lacking, the sense of destiny, of retribution. Rather strange he should have just that fixed idea. Does he write anything for your movement?</p>
<p>He sank two lumps of sugar deftly longwise through the whipped cream. Buck Mulligan slit a steaming scone in two and plastered butter over its smoking pith. He bit off a soft piece hungrily.</p>
<p>—Ten years, he said, chewing and laughing. He is going to write something in ten years.</p>
<p>—Seems a long way off, Haines said, thoughtfully lifting his spoon. Still, I shouldn’t wonder if he did after all.</p>
<p>He tasted a spoonful from the creamy cone of his cup.</p>
<p>—This is real Irish cream I take it, he said with forbearance. I don’t want to be imposed on.</p>
<p>Elijah, skiff, light crumpled throwaway, sailed eastward by flanks of ships and trawlers, amid an archipelago of corks, beyond new Wapping street past Benson’s ferry, and by the threemasted schooner <em>Rosevean</em> from Bridgwater with bricks.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Almidano Artifoni walked past Holles street, past Sewell’s yard. Behind him Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, with stickumbrelladustcoat dangling, shunned the lamp before Mr Law Smith’s house and, crossing, walked along Merrion square. Distantly behind him a blind stripling tapped his way by the wall of College park.</p>
<p>Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell walked as far as Mr Lewis Werner’s cheerful windows, then turned and strode back along Merrion square, his stickumbrelladustcoat dangling.</p>
<p>At the corner of Wilde’s house he halted, frowned at Elijah’s name announced on the Metropolitan hall, frowned at the distant pleasance of duke’s lawn. His eyeglass flashed frowning in the sun. With ratsteeth bared he muttered:</p>
<p>—<em>Coactus volui.</em></p>
<p>He strode on for Clare street, grinding his fierce word.</p>
<p>As he strode past Mr Bloom’s dental windows the sway of his dustcoat brushed rudely from its angle a slender tapping cane and swept onwards, having buffeted a thewless body. The blind stripling turned his sickly face after the striding form.</p>
<p>—God’s curse on you, he said sourly, whoever you are! You’re blinder nor I am, you bitch’s bastard!</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Opposite Ruggy O’Donohoe’s Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam, pawing the pound and a half of Mangan’s, late Fehrenbach’s, porksteaks he had been sent for, went along warm Wicklow street dawdling. It was too blooming dull sitting in the parlour with Mrs Stoer and Mrs Quigley and Mrs MacDowell and the blind down and they all at their sniffles and sipping sups of the superior tawny sherry uncle Barney brought from Tunney’s. And they eating crumbs of the cottage fruitcake, jawing the whole blooming time and sighing.</p>
<p>After Wicklow lane the window of Madame Doyle, courtdress milliner, stopped him. He stood looking in at the two puckers stripped to their pelts and putting up their props. From the sidemirrors two mourning Masters Dignam gaped silently. Myler Keogh, Dublin’s pet lamb, will meet sergeantmajor Bennett, the Portobello bruiser, for a purse of fifty sovereigns. Gob, that’d be a good pucking match to see. Myler Keogh, that’s the chap sparring out to him with the green sash. Two bar entrance, soldiers half price. I could easy do a bunk on ma. Master Dignam on his left turned as he turned. That’s me in mourning. When is it? May the twentysecond. Sure, the blooming thing is all over. He turned to the right and on his right Master Dignam turned, his cap awry, his collar sticking up. Buttoning it down, his chin lifted, he saw the image of Marie Kendall, charming soubrette, beside the two puckers. One of them mots that do be in the packets of fags Stoer smokes that his old fellow welted hell out of him for one time he found out.</p>
<p>Master Dignam got his collar down and dawdled on. The best pucker going for strength was Fitzsimons. One puck in the wind from that fellow would knock you into the middle of next week, man. But the best pucker for science was Jem Corbet before Fitzsimons knocked the stuffings out of him, dodging and all.</p>
<p>In Grafton street Master Dignam saw a red flower in a toff’s mouth and a swell pair of kicks on him and he listening to what the drunk was telling him and grinning all the time.</p>
<p>No Sandymount tram.</p>
<p>Master Dignam walked along Nassau street, shifted the porksteaks to his other hand. His collar sprang up again and he tugged it down. The blooming stud was too small for the buttonhole of the shirt, blooming end to it. He met schoolboys with satchels. I’m not going tomorrow either, stay away till Monday. He met other schoolboys. Do they notice I’m in mourning? Uncle Barney said he’d get it into the paper tonight. Then they’ll all see it in the paper and read my name printed and pa’s name.</p>
<p>His face got all grey instead of being red like it was and there was a fly walking over it up to his eye. The scrunch that was when they were screwing the screws into the coffin: and the bumps when they were bringing it downstairs.</p>
<p>Pa was inside it and ma crying in the parlour and uncle Barney telling the men how to get it round the bend. A big coffin it was, and high and heavylooking. How was that? The last night pa was boosed he was standing on the landing there bawling out for his boots to go out to Tunney’s for to boose more and he looked butty and short in his shirt. Never see him again. Death, that is. Pa is dead. My father is dead. He told me to be a good son to ma. I couldn’t hear the other things he said but I saw his tongue and his teeth trying to say it better. Poor pa. That was Mr Dignam, my father. I hope he’s in purgatory now because he went to confession to Father Conroy on Saturday night.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>William Humble, earl of Dudley, and lady Dudley, accompanied by lieutenantcolonel Heseltine, drove out after luncheon from the viceregal lodge. In the following carriage were the honourable Mrs Paget, Miss de Courcy and the honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C. in attendance.</p>
<p>The cavalcade passed out by the lower gate of Phoenix park saluted by obsequious policemen and proceeded past Kingsbridge along the northern quays. The viceroy was most cordially greeted on his way through the metropolis. At Bloody bridge Mr Thomas Kernan beyond the river greeted him vainly from afar. Between Queen’s and Whitworth bridges lord Dudley’s viceregal carriages passed and were unsaluted by Mr Dudley White, B. L., M. A., who stood on Arran quay outside Mrs M. E. White’s, the pawnbroker’s, at the corner of Arran street west stroking his nose with his forefinger, undecided whether he should arrive at Phibsborough more quickly by a triple change of tram or by hailing a car or on foot through Smithfield, Constitution hill and Broadstone terminus. In the porch of Four Courts Richie Goulding with the costbag of Goulding, Collis and Ward saw him with surprise. Past Richmond bridge at the doorstep of the office of Reuben J Dodd, solicitor, agent for the Patriotic Insurance Company, an elderly female about to enter changed her plan and retracing her steps by King’s windows smiled credulously on the representative of His Majesty. From its sluice in Wood quay wall under Tom Devan’s office Poddle river hung out in fealty a tongue of liquid sewage. Above the crossblind of the Ormond hotel, gold by bronze, Miss Kennedy’s head by Miss Douce’s head watched and admired. On Ormond quay Mr Simon Dedalus, steering his way from the greenhouse for the subsheriff’s office, stood still in midstreet and brought his hat low. His Excellency graciously returned Mr Dedalus’ greeting. From Cahill’s corner the reverend Hugh C. Love, M. A., made obeisance unperceived, mindful of lords deputies whose hands benignant had held of yore rich advowsons. On Grattan bridge Lenehan and M’Coy, taking leave of each other, watched the carriages go by. Passing by Roger Greene’s office and Dollard’s big red printinghouse Gerty MacDowell, carrying the Catesby’s cork lino letters for her father who was laid up, knew by the style it was the lord and lady lieutenant but she couldn’t see what Her Excellency had on because the tram and Spring’s big yellow furniture van had to stop in front of her on account of its being the lord lieutenant. Beyond Lundy Foot’s from the shaded door of Kavanagh’s winerooms John Wyse Nolan smiled with unseen coldness towards the lord lieutenantgeneral and general governor of Ireland. The Right Honourable William Humble, earl of Dudley, G. C. V. O., passed Micky Anderson’s all times ticking watches and Henry and James’s wax smartsuited freshcheeked models, the gentleman Henry, <em>dernier cri</em> James. Over against Dame gate Tom Rochford and Nosey Flynn watched the approach of the cavalcade. Tom Rochford, seeing the eyes of lady Dudley fixed on him, took his thumbs quickly out of the pockets of his claret waistcoat and doffed his cap to her. A charming <em>soubrette,</em> great Marie Kendall, with dauby cheeks and lifted skirt smiled daubily from her poster upon William Humble, earl of Dudley, and upon lieutenantcolonel H. G. Heseltine, and also upon the honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C. From the window of the D. B. C. Buck Mulligan gaily, and Haines gravely, gazed down on the viceregal equipage over the shoulders of eager guests, whose mass of forms darkened the chessboard whereon John Howard Parnell looked intently. In Fownes’s street Dilly Dedalus, straining her sight upward from Chardenal’s first French primer, saw sunshades spanned and wheelspokes spinning in the glare. John Henry Menton, filling the doorway of Commercial Buildings, stared from winebig oyster eyes, holding a fat gold hunter watch not looked at in his fat left hand not feeling it. Where the foreleg of King Billy’s horse pawed the air Mrs Breen plucked her hastening husband back from under the hoofs of the outriders. She shouted in his ear the tidings. Understanding, he shifted his tomes to his left breast and saluted the second carriage. The honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C., agreeably surprised, made haste to reply. At Ponsonby’s corner a jaded white flagon H. halted and four tallhatted white flagons halted behind him, E.L.Y.’S, while outriders pranced past and carriages. Opposite Pigott’s music warerooms Mr Denis J Maginni, professor of dancing &amp;c, gaily apparelled, gravely walked, outpassed by a viceroy and unobserved. By the provost’s wall came jauntily Blazes Boylan, stepping in tan shoes and socks with skyblue clocks to the refrain of <em>My girl’s a Yorkshire girl.</em></p>
<p>Blazes Boylan presented to the leaders’ skyblue frontlets and high action a skyblue tie, a widebrimmed straw hat at a rakish angle and a suit of indigo serge. His hands in his jacket pockets forgot to salute but he offered to the three ladies the bold admiration of his eyes and the red flower between his lips. As they drove along Nassau street His Excellency drew the attention of his bowing consort to the programme of music which was being discoursed in College park. Unseen brazen highland laddies blared and drumthumped after the <em>cortège</em>:</p>
<p>But though she’s a factory lass<br />
And wears no fancy clothes.<br />
Baraabum.<br />
Yet I’ve a sort of a<br />
Yorkshire relish for<br />
My little Yorkshire rose.<br />
Baraabum.</p>
<p>Thither of the wall the quartermile flat handicappers, M. C. Green, H. Shrift, T. M. Patey, C. Scaife, J. B. Jeffs, G. N. Morphy, F. Stevenson, C. Adderly and W. C. Huggard, started in pursuit. Striding past Finn’s hotel Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell stared through a fierce eyeglass across the carriages at the head of Mr M. E. Solomons in the window of the Austro-Hungarian viceconsulate. Deep in Leinster street by Trinity’s postern a loyal king’s man, Hornblower, touched his tallyho cap. As the glossy horses pranced by Merrion square Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam, waiting, saw salutes being given to the gent with the topper and raised also his new black cap with fingers greased by porksteak paper. His collar too sprang up. The viceroy, on his way to inaugurate the Mirus bazaar in aid of funds for Mercer’s hospital, drove with his following towards Lower Mount street. He passed a blind stripling opposite Broadbent’s. In Lower Mount street a pedestrian in a brown macintosh, eating dry bread, passed swiftly and unscathed across the viceroy’s path. At the Royal Canal bridge, from his hoarding, Mr Eugene Stratton, his blub lips agrin, bade all comers welcome to Pembroke township. At Haddington road corner two sanded women halted themselves, an umbrella and a bag in which eleven cockles rolled to view with wonder the lord mayor and lady mayoress without his golden chain. On Northumberland and Lansdowne roads His Excellency acknowledged punctually salutes from rare male walkers, the salute of two small schoolboys at the garden gate of the house said to have been admired by the late queen when visiting the Irish capital with her husband, the prince consort, in 1849 and the salute of Almidano Artifoni’s sturdy trousers swallowed by a closing door.</p>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-11.htm.html_chap11"></span>[ 11 ]</h3>
<p>Bronze by gold heard the hoofirons, steelyringing.</p>
<p>Imperthnthn thnthnthn.</p>
<p>Chips, picking chips off rocky thumbnail, chips.</p>
<p>Horrid! And gold flushed more.</p>
<p>A husky fifenote blew.</p>
<p>Blew. Blue bloom is on the.</p>
<p>Goldpinnacled hair.</p>
<p>A jumping rose on satiny breast of satin, rose of Castile.</p>
<p>Trilling, trilling: Idolores.</p>
<p>Peep! Who’s in the... peepofgold?</p>
<p>Tink cried to bronze in pity.</p>
<p>And a call, pure, long and throbbing. Longindying call.</p>
<p>Decoy. Soft word. But look: the bright stars fade. Notes chirruping answer.</p>
<p>O rose! Castile. The morn is breaking.</p>
<p>Jingle jingle jaunted jingling.</p>
<p>Coin rang. Clock clacked.</p>
<p>Avowal. <em>Sonnez.</em> I could. Rebound of garter. Not leave thee. Smack. <em>La cloche!</em> Thigh smack. Avowal. Warm. Sweetheart, goodbye!</p>
<p>Jingle. Bloo.</p>
<p>Boomed crashing chords. When love absorbs. War! War! The tympanum.</p>
<p>A sail! A veil awave upon the waves.</p>
<p>Lost. Throstle fluted. All is lost now.</p>
<p>Horn. Hawhorn.</p>
<p>When first he saw. Alas!</p>
<p>Full tup. Full throb.</p>
<p>Warbling. Ah, lure! Alluring.</p>
<p>Martha! Come!</p>
<p>Clapclap. Clipclap. Clappyclap.</p>
<p>Goodgod henev erheard inall.</p>
<p>Deaf bald Pat brought pad knife took up.</p>
<p>A moonlit nightcall: far, far.</p>
<p>I feel so sad. P. S. So lonely blooming.</p>
<p>Listen!</p>
<p>The spiked and winding cold seahorn. Have you the? Each, and for other, plash and silent roar.</p>
<p>Pearls: when she. Liszt’s rhapsodies. Hissss.</p>
<p>You don’t?</p>
<p>Did not: no, no: believe: Lidlyd. With a cock with a carra.</p>
<p>Black. Deepsounding. Do, Ben, do.</p>
<p>Wait while you wait. Hee hee. Wait while you hee.</p>
<p>But wait!</p>
<p>Low in dark middle earth. Embedded ore.</p>
<p>Naminedamine. Preacher is he:</p>
<p>All gone. All fallen.</p>
<p>Tiny, her tremulous fernfoils of maidenhair.</p>
<p>Amen! He gnashed in fury.</p>
<p>Fro. To, fro. A baton cool protruding.</p>
<p>Bronzelydia by Minagold.</p>
<p>By bronze, by gold, in oceangreen of shadow. Bloom. Old Bloom.</p>
<p>One rapped, one tapped, with a carra, with a cock.</p>
<p>Pray for him! Pray, good people!</p>
<p>His gouty fingers nakkering.</p>
<p>Big Benaben. Big Benben.</p>
<p>Last rose Castile of summer left bloom I feel so sad alone.</p>
<p>Pwee! Little wind piped wee.</p>
<p>True men. Lid Ker Cow De and Doll. Ay, ay. Like you men. Will lift your tschink with tschunk.</p>
<p>Fff! Oo!</p>
<p>Where bronze from anear? Where gold from afar? Where hoofs?</p>
<p>Rrrpr. Kraa. Kraandl.</p>
<p>Then not till then. My eppripfftaph. Be pfrwritt.</p>
<p>Done.</p>
<p>Begin!</p>
<p>Bronze by gold, miss Douce’s head by miss Kennedy’s head, over the crossblind of the Ormond bar heard the viceregal hoofs go by, ringing steel.</p>
<p>—Is that her? asked miss Kennedy.</p>
<p>Miss Douce said yes, sitting with his ex, pearl grey and <em>eau de Nil.</em></p>
<p>—Exquisite contrast, miss Kennedy said.</p>
<p>When all agog miss Douce said eagerly:</p>
<p>—Look at the fellow in the tall silk.</p>
<p>—Who? Where? gold asked more eagerly.</p>
<p>—In the second carriage, miss Douce’s wet lips said, laughing in the sun.</p>
<p>He’s looking. Mind till I see.</p>
<p>She darted, bronze, to the backmost corner, flattening her face against the pane in a halo of hurried breath.</p>
<p>Her wet lips tittered:</p>
<p>—He’s killed looking back.</p>
<p>She laughed:</p>
<p>—O wept! Aren’t men frightful idiots?</p>
<p>With sadness.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy sauntered sadly from bright light, twining a loose hair behind an ear. Sauntering sadly, gold no more, she twisted twined a hair. Sadly she twined in sauntering gold hair behind a curving ear.</p>
<p>—It’s them has the fine times, sadly then she said.</p>
<p>A man.</p>
<p>Bloowho went by by Moulang’s pipes bearing in his breast the sweets of sin, by Wine’s antiques, in memory bearing sweet sinful words, by Carroll’s dusky battered plate, for Raoul.</p>
<p>The boots to them, them in the bar, them barmaids came. For them unheeding him he banged on the counter his tray of chattering china. And</p>
<p>—There’s your teas, he said.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy with manners transposed the teatray down to an upturned lithia crate, safe from eyes, low.</p>
<p>—What is it? loud boots unmannerly asked.</p>
<p>—Find out, miss Douce retorted, leaving her spyingpoint.</p>
<p>—Your <em>beau,</em> is it?</p>
<p>A haughty bronze replied:</p>
<p>—I’ll complain to Mrs de Massey on you if I hear any more of your impertinent insolence.</p>
<p>—Imperthnthn thnthnthn, bootssnout sniffed rudely, as he retreated as she threatened as he had come.</p>
<p>Bloom.</p>
<p>On her flower frowning miss Douce said:</p>
<p>—Most aggravating that young brat is. If he doesn’t conduct himself I’ll wring his ear for him a yard long.</p>
<p>Ladylike in exquisite contrast.</p>
<p>—Take no notice, miss Kennedy rejoined.</p>
<p>She poured in a teacup tea, then back in the teapot tea. They cowered under their reef of counter, waiting on footstools, crates upturned, waiting for their teas to draw. They pawed their blouses, both of black satin, two and nine a yard, waiting for their teas to draw, and two and seven.</p>
<p>Yes, bronze from anear, by gold from afar, heard steel from anear, hoofs ring from afar, and heard steelhoofs ringhoof ringsteel.</p>
<p>—Am I awfully sunburnt?</p>
<p>Miss bronze unbloused her neck.</p>
<p>—No, said miss Kennedy. It gets brown after. Did you try the borax with the cherry laurel water?</p>
<p>Miss Douce halfstood to see her skin askance in the barmirror gildedlettered where hock and claret glasses shimmered and in their midst a shell.</p>
<p>—And leave it to my hands, she said.</p>
<p>—Try it with the glycerine, miss Kennedy advised.</p>
<p>Bidding her neck and hands adieu miss Douce</p>
<p>—Those things only bring out a rash, replied, reseated. I asked that old fogey in Boyd’s for something for my skin.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy, pouring now a fulldrawn tea, grimaced and prayed:</p>
<p>—O, don’t remind me of him for mercy’ sake!</p>
<p>—But wait till I tell you, miss Douce entreated.</p>
<p>Sweet tea miss Kennedy having poured with milk plugged both two ears with little fingers.</p>
<p>—No, don’t, she cried.</p>
<p>—I won’t listen, she cried.</p>
<p>But Bloom?</p>
<p>Miss Douce grunted in snuffy fogey’s tone:</p>
<p>—For your what? says he.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy unplugged her ears to hear, to speak: but said, but prayed again:</p>
<p>—Don’t let me think of him or I’ll expire. The hideous old wretch! That night in the Antient Concert Rooms.</p>
<p>She sipped distastefully her brew, hot tea, a sip, sipped, sweet tea.</p>
<p>—Here he was, miss Douce said, cocking her bronze head three quarters, ruffling her nosewings. Hufa! Hufa!</p>
<p>Shrill shriek of laughter sprang from miss Kennedy’s throat. Miss Douce huffed and snorted down her nostrils that quivered imperthnthn like a snout in quest.</p>
<p>—O! shrieking, miss Kennedy cried. Will you ever forget his goggle eye?</p>
<p>Miss Douce chimed in in deep bronze laughter, shouting:</p>
<p>—And your other eye!</p>
<p>Bloowhose dark eye read Aaron Figatner’s name. Why do I always think Figather? Gathering figs, I think. And Prosper Loré’s huguenot name. By Bassi’s blessed virgins Bloom’s dark eyes went by. Bluerobed, white under, come to me. God they believe she is: or goddess. Those today. I could not see. That fellow spoke. A student. After with Dedalus’ son. He might be Mulligan. All comely virgins. That brings those rakes of fellows in: her white.</p>
<p>By went his eyes. The sweets of sin. Sweet are the sweets.</p>
<p>Of sin.</p>
<p>In a giggling peal young goldbronze voices blended, Douce with Kennedy your other eye. They threw young heads back, bronze gigglegold, to let freefly their laughter, screaming, your other, signals to each other, high piercing notes.</p>
<p>Ah, panting, sighing, sighing, ah, fordone, their mirth died down.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy lipped her cup again, raised, drank a sip and gigglegiggled. Miss Douce, bending over the teatray, ruffled again her nose and rolled droll fattened eyes. Again Kennygiggles, stooping, her fair pinnacles of hair, stooping, her tortoise napecomb showed, spluttered out of her mouth her tea, choking in tea and laughter, coughing with choking, crying:</p>
<p>—O greasy eyes! Imagine being married to a man like that! she cried. With his bit of beard!</p>
<p>Douce gave full vent to a splendid yell, a full yell of full woman, delight, joy, indignation.</p>
<p>—Married to the greasy nose! she yelled.</p>
<p>Shrill, with deep laughter, after, gold after bronze, they urged each each to peal after peal, ringing in changes, bronzegold, goldbronze, shrilldeep, to laughter after laughter. And then laughed more. Greasy I knows. Exhausted, breathless, their shaken heads they laid, braided and pinnacled by glossycombed, against the counterledge. All flushed (O!), panting, sweating (O!), all breathless.</p>
<p>Married to Bloom, to greaseabloom.</p>
<p>—O saints above! miss Douce said, sighed above her jumping rose. I wished I hadn’t laughed so much. I feel all wet.</p>
<p>—O, miss Douce! miss Kennedy protested. You horrid thing!</p>
<p>And flushed yet more (you horrid!), more goldenly.</p>
<p>By Cantwell’s offices roved Greaseabloom, by Ceppi’s virgins, bright of their oils. Nannetti’s father hawked those things about, wheedling at doors as I. Religion pays. Must see him for that par. Eat first. I want. Not yet. At four, she said. Time ever passing. Clockhands turning. On. Where eat? The Clarence, Dolphin. On. For Raoul. Eat. If I net five guineas with those ads. The violet silk petticoats. Not yet. The sweets of sin.</p>
<p>Flushed less, still less, goldenly paled.</p>
<p>Into their bar strolled Mr Dedalus. Chips, picking chips off one of his rocky thumbnails. Chips. He strolled.</p>
<p>—O, welcome back, miss Douce.</p>
<p>He held her hand. Enjoyed her holidays?</p>
<p>—Tiptop.</p>
<p>He hoped she had nice weather in Rostrevor.</p>
<p>—Gorgeous, she said. Look at the holy show I am. Lying out on the strand all day.</p>
<p>Bronze whiteness.</p>
<p>—That was exceedingly naughty of you, Mr Dedalus told her and pressed her hand indulgently. Tempting poor simple males.</p>
<p>Miss Douce of satin douced her arm away.</p>
<p>—O go away! she said. You’re very simple, I don’t think.</p>
<p>He was.</p>
<p>—Well now I am, he mused. I looked so simple in the cradle they christened me simple Simon.</p>
<p>—You must have been a doaty, miss Douce made answer. And what did the doctor order today?</p>
<p>—Well now, he mused, whatever you say yourself. I think I’ll trouble you for some fresh water and a half glass of whisky.</p>
<p>Jingle.</p>
<p>—With the greatest alacrity, miss Douce agreed.</p>
<p>With grace of alacrity towards the mirror gilt Cantrell and Cochrane’s she turned herself. With grace she tapped a measure of gold whisky from her crystal keg. Forth from the skirt of his coat Mr Dedalus brought pouch and pipe. Alacrity she served. He blew through the flue two husky fifenotes.</p>
<p>—By Jove, he mused, I often wanted to see the Mourne mountains. Must be a great tonic in the air down there. But a long threatening comes at last, they say. Yes. Yes.</p>
<p>Yes. He fingered shreds of hair, her maidenhair, her mermaid’s, into the bowl. Chips. Shreds. Musing. Mute.</p>
<p>None nought said nothing. Yes.</p>
<p>Gaily miss Douce polished a tumbler, trilling:</p>
<p>—<em>O, Idolores, queen of the eastern seas!</em></p>
<p>—Was Mr Lidwell in today?</p>
<p>In came Lenehan. Round him peered Lenehan. Mr Bloom reached Essex bridge. Yes, Mr Bloom crossed bridge of Yessex. To Martha I must write. Buy paper. Daly’s. Girl there civil. Bloom. Old Bloom. Blue bloom is on the rye.</p>
<p>—He was in at lunchtime, miss Douce said.</p>
<p>Lenehan came forward.</p>
<p>—Was Mr Boylan looking for me?</p>
<p>He asked. She answered:</p>
<p>—Miss Kennedy, was Mr Boylan in while I was upstairs?</p>
<p>She asked. Miss voice of Kennedy answered, a second teacup poised, her gaze upon a page:</p>
<p>—No. He was not.</p>
<p>Miss gaze of Kennedy, heard, not seen, read on. Lenehan round the sandwichbell wound his round body round.</p>
<p>—Peep! Who’s in the corner?</p>
<p>No glance of Kennedy rewarding him he yet made overtures. To mind her stops. To read only the black ones: round o and crooked ess.</p>
<p>Jingle jaunty jingle.</p>
<p>Girlgold she read and did not glance. Take no notice. She took no notice while he read by rote a solfa fable for her, plappering flatly:</p>
<p>—Ah fox met ah stork. Said thee fox too thee stork: Will you put your bill down inn my troath and pull upp ah bone?</p>
<p>He droned in vain. Miss Douce turned to her tea aside.</p>
<p>He sighed aside:</p>
<p>—Ah me! O my!</p>
<p>He greeted Mr Dedalus and got a nod.</p>
<p>—Greetings from the famous son of a famous father.</p>
<p>—Who may he be? Mr Dedalus asked.</p>
<p>Lenehan opened most genial arms. Who?</p>
<p>—Who may he be? he asked. Can you ask? Stephen, the youthful bard.</p>
<p>Dry.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus, famous father, laid by his dry filled pipe.</p>
<p>—I see, he said. I didn’t recognise him for the moment. I hear he is keeping very select company. Have you seen him lately?</p>
<p>He had.</p>
<p>—I quaffed the nectarbowl with him this very day, said Lenehan. In Mooney’s <em>en ville</em> and in Mooney’s <em>sur mer.</em> He had received the rhino for the labour of his muse.</p>
<p>He smiled at bronze’s teabathed lips, at listening lips and eyes:</p>
<p>—The <em>élite</em> of Erin hung upon his lips. The ponderous pundit, Hugh MacHugh, Dublin’s most brilliant scribe and editor and that minstrel boy of the wild wet west who is known by the euphonious appellation of the O’Madden Burke.</p>
<p>After an interval Mr Dedalus raised his grog and</p>
<p>—That must have been highly diverting, said he. I see.</p>
<p>He see. He drank. With faraway mourning mountain eye. Set down his glass.</p>
<p>He looked towards the saloon door.</p>
<p>—I see you have moved the piano.</p>
<p>—The tuner was in today, miss Douce replied, tuning it for the smoking concert and I never heard such an exquisite player.</p>
<p>—Is that a fact?</p>
<p>—Didn’t he, miss Kennedy? The real classical, you know. And blind too, poor fellow. Not twenty I’m sure he was.</p>
<p>—Is that a fact? Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>He drank and strayed away.</p>
<p>—So sad to look at his face, miss Douce condoled.</p>
<p>God’s curse on bitch’s bastard.</p>
<p>Tink to her pity cried a diner’s bell. To the door of the bar and diningroom came bald Pat, came bothered Pat, came Pat, waiter of Ormond. Lager for diner. Lager without alacrity she served.</p>
<p>With patience Lenehan waited for Boylan with impatience, for jinglejaunty blazes boy.</p>
<p>Upholding the lid he (who?) gazed in the coffin (coffin?) at the oblique triple (piano!) wires. He pressed (the same who pressed indulgently her hand), soft pedalling, a triple of keys to see the thicknesses of felt advancing, to hear the muffled hammerfall in action.</p>
<p>Two sheets cream vellum paper one reserve two envelopes when I was in Wisdom Hely’s wise Bloom in Daly’s Henry Flower bought. Are you not happy in your home? Flower to console me and a pin cuts lo. Means something, language of flow. Was it a daisy? Innocence that is. Respectable girl meet after mass. Thanks awfully muchly. Wise Bloom eyed on the door a poster, a swaying mermaid smoking mid nice waves. Smoke mermaids, coolest whiff of all. Hair streaming: lovelorn. For some man. For Raoul. He eyed and saw afar on Essex bridge a gay hat riding on a jaunting car. It is. Again. Third time. Coincidence.</p>
<p>Jingling on supple rubbers it jaunted from the bridge to Ormond quay. Follow. Risk it. Go quick. At four. Near now. Out.</p>
<p>—Twopence, sir, the shopgirl dared to say.</p>
<p>—Aha... I was forgetting... Excuse...</p>
<p>—And four.</p>
<p>At four she. Winsomely she on Bloohimwhom smiled. Bloo smi qui go. Ternoon. Think you’re the only pebble on the beach? Does that to all.</p>
<p>For men.</p>
<p>In drowsy silence gold bent on her page.</p>
<p>From the saloon a call came, long in dying. That was a tuningfork the tuner had that he forgot that he now struck. A call again. That he now poised that it now throbbed. You hear? It throbbed, pure, purer, softly and softlier, its buzzing prongs. Longer in dying call.</p>
<p>Pat paid for diner’s popcorked bottle: and over tumbler, tray and popcorked bottle ere he went he whispered, bald and bothered, with miss Douce.</p>
<p>—<em>The bright stars fade</em>...</p>
<p>A voiceless song sang from within, singing:</p>
<p>—... <em>the morn is breaking.</em></p>
<p>A duodene of birdnotes chirruped bright treble answer under sensitive hands. Brightly the keys, all twinkling, linked, all harpsichording, called to a voice to sing the strain of dewy morn, of youth, of love’s leavetaking, life’s, love’s morn.</p>
<p>—<em>The dewdrops pearl</em>...</p>
<p>Lenehan’s lips over the counter lisped a low whistle of decoy.</p>
<p>—But look this way, he said, rose of Castile.</p>
<p>Jingle jaunted by the curb and stopped.</p>
<p>She rose and closed her reading, rose of Castile: fretted, forlorn, dreamily rose.</p>
<p>—Did she fall or was she pushed? he asked her.</p>
<p>She answered, slighting:</p>
<p>—Ask no questions and you’ll hear no lies.</p>
<p>Like lady, ladylike.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan’s smart tan shoes creaked on the barfloor where he strode. Yes, gold from anear by bronze from afar. Lenehan heard and knew and hailed him:</p>
<p>—See the conquering hero comes.</p>
<p>Between the car and window, warily walking, went Bloom, unconquered hero. See me he might. The seat he sat on: warm. Black wary hecat walked towards Richie Goulding’s legal bag, lifted aloft, saluting.</p>
<p>—<em>And I from thee</em>...</p>
<p>—I heard you were round, said Blazes Boylan.</p>
<p>He touched to fair miss Kennedy a rim of his slanted straw. She smiled on him. But sister bronze outsmiled her, preening for him her richer hair, a bosom and a rose.</p>
<p>Smart Boylan bespoke potions.</p>
<p>—What’s your cry? Glass of bitter? Glass of bitter, please, and a sloegin for me. Wire in yet?</p>
<p>Not yet. At four she. Who said four?</p>
<p>Cowley’s red lugs and bulging apple in the door of the sheriff’s office.</p>
<p>Avoid. Goulding a chance. What is he doing in the Ormond? Car waiting. Wait.</p>
<p>Hello. Where off to? Something to eat? I too was just. In here. What, Ormond? Best value in Dublin. Is that so? Diningroom. Sit tight there. See, not be seen. I think I’ll join you. Come on. Richie led on. Bloom followed bag. Dinner fit for a prince.</p>
<p>Miss Douce reached high to take a flagon, stretching her satin arm, her bust, that all but burst, so high.</p>
<p>—O! O! jerked Lenehan, gasping at each stretch. O!</p>
<p>But easily she seized her prey and led it low in triumph.</p>
<p>—Why don’t you grow? asked Blazes Boylan.</p>
<p>Shebronze, dealing from her oblique jar thick syrupy liquor for his lips, looked as it flowed (flower in his coat: who gave him?), and syrupped with her voice:</p>
<p>—Fine goods in small parcels.</p>
<p>That is to say she. Neatly she poured slowsyrupy sloe.</p>
<p>—Here’s fortune, Blazes said.</p>
<p>He pitched a broad coin down. Coin rang.</p>
<p>—Hold on, said Lenehan, till I...</p>
<p>—Fortune, he wished, lifting his bubbled ale.</p>
<p>—Sceptre will win in a canter, he said.</p>
<p>—I plunged a bit, said Boylan winking and drinking. Not on my own, you know. Fancy of a friend of mine.</p>
<p>Lenehan still drank and grinned at his tilted ale and at miss Douce’s lips that all but hummed, not shut, the oceansong her lips had trilled. Idolores. The eastern seas.</p>
<p>Clock whirred. Miss Kennedy passed their way (flower, wonder who gave), bearing away teatray. Clock clacked.</p>
<p>Miss Douce took Boylan’s coin, struck boldly the cashregister. It clanged. Clock clacked. Fair one of Egypt teased and sorted in the till and hummed and handed coins in change. Look to the west. A clack. For me.</p>
<p>—What time is that? asked Blazes Boylan. Four?</p>
<p>O’clock.</p>
<p>Lenehan, small eyes ahunger on her humming, bust ahumming, tugged Blazes Boylan’s elbowsleeve.</p>
<p>—Let’s hear the time, he said.</p>
<p>The bag of Goulding, Collis, Ward led Bloom by ryebloom flowered tables. Aimless he chose with agitated aim, bald Pat attending, a table near the door. Be near. At four. Has he forgotten? Perhaps a trick. Not come: whet appetite. I couldn’t do. Wait, wait. Pat, waiter, waited.</p>
<p>Sparkling bronze azure eyed Blazure’s skyblue bow and eyes.</p>
<p>—Go on, pressed Lenehan. There’s no-one. He never heard.</p>
<p>—... <em>to Flora’s lips did hie.</em></p>
<p>High, a high note pealed in the treble clear.</p>
<p>Bronzedouce communing with her rose that sank and rose sought Blazes Boylan’s flower and eyes.</p>
<p>—Please, please.</p>
<p>He pleaded over returning phrases of avowal.</p>
<p>—<em>I could not leave thee</em>...</p>
<p>—Afterwits, miss Douce promised coyly.</p>
<p>—No, now, urged Lenehan. <em>Sonnez la cloche!</em> O do! There’s no-one.</p>
<p>She looked. Quick. Miss Kenn out of earshot. Sudden bent. Two kindling faces watched her bend.</p>
<p>Quavering the chords strayed from the air, found it again, lost chord, and lost and found it, faltering.</p>
<p>—Go on! Do! <em>Sonnez!</em></p>
<p>Bending, she nipped a peak of skirt above her knee. Delayed. Taunted them still, bending, suspending, with wilful eyes.</p>
<p><em>—Sonnez!</em></p>
<p>Smack. She set free sudden in rebound her nipped elastic garter smackwarm against her smackable a woman’s warmhosed thigh.</p>
<p>—<em>La cloche!</em> cried gleeful Lenehan. Trained by owner. No sawdust there.</p>
<p>She smilesmirked supercilious (wept! aren’t men?), but, lightward gliding, mild she smiled on Boylan.</p>
<p>—You’re the essence of vulgarity, she in gliding said.</p>
<p>Boylan, eyed, eyed. Tossed to fat lips his chalice, drank off his chalice tiny, sucking the last fat violet syrupy drops. His spellbound eyes went after, after her gliding head as it went down the bar by mirrors, gilded arch for ginger ale, hock and claret glasses shimmering, a spiky shell, where it concerted, mirrored, bronze with sunnier bronze.</p>
<p>Yes, bronze from anearby.</p>
<p>—... <em>Sweetheart, goodbye!</em></p>
<p>—I’m off, said Boylan with impatience.</p>
<p>He slid his chalice brisk away, grasped his change.</p>
<p>—Wait a shake, begged Lenehan, drinking quickly. I wanted to tell you. Tom Rochford...</p>
<p>—Come on to blazes, said Blazes Boylan, going.</p>
<p>Lenehan gulped to go.</p>
<p>—Got the horn or what? he said. Wait. I’m coming.</p>
<p>He followed the hasty creaking shoes but stood by nimbly by the threshold, saluting forms, a bulky with a slender.</p>
<p>—How do you do, Mr Dollard?</p>
<p>—Eh? How do? How do? Ben Dollard’s vague bass answered, turning an instant from Father Cowley’s woe. He won’t give you any trouble, Bob. Alf Bergan will speak to the long fellow. We’ll put a barleystraw in that Judas Iscariot’s ear this time.</p>
<p>Sighing Mr Dedalus came through the saloon, a finger soothing an eyelid.</p>
<p>—Hoho, we will, Ben Dollard yodled jollily. Come on, Simon. Give us a ditty. We heard the piano.</p>
<p>Bald Pat, bothered waiter, waited for drink orders. Power for Richie. And Bloom? Let me see. Not make him walk twice. His corns. Four now. How warm this black is. Course nerves a bit. Refracts (is it?) heat. Let me see. Cider. Yes, bottle of cider.</p>
<p>—What’s that? Mr Dedalus said. I was only vamping, man.</p>
<p>—Come on, come on, Ben Dollard called. Begone dull care. Come, Bob.</p>
<p>He ambled Dollard, bulky slops, before them (hold that fellow with the: hold him now) into the saloon. He plumped him Dollard on the stool. His gouty paws plumped chords. Plumped, stopped abrupt.</p>
<p>Bald Pat in the doorway met tealess gold returning. Bothered, he wanted Power and cider. Bronze by the window, watched, bronze from afar.</p>
<p>Jingle a tinkle jaunted.</p>
<p>Bloom heard a jing, a little sound. He’s off. Light sob of breath Bloom sighed on the silent bluehued flowers. Jingling. He’s gone. Jingle. Hear.</p>
<p>—Love and War, Ben, Mr Dedalus said. God be with old times.</p>
<p>Miss Douce’s brave eyes, unregarded, turned from the crossblind, smitten by sunlight. Gone. Pensive (who knows?), smitten (the smiting light), she lowered the dropblind with a sliding cord. She drew down pensive (why did he go so quick when I?) about her bronze, over the bar where bald stood by sister gold, inexquisite contrast, contrast inexquisite nonexquisite, slow cool dim seagreen sliding depth of shadow, <em>eau de Nil.</em></p>
<p>—Poor old Goodwin was the pianist that night, Father Cowley reminded them. There was a slight difference of opinion between himself and the Collard grand.</p>
<p>There was.</p>
<p>—A symposium all his own, Mr Dedalus said. The devil wouldn’t stop him. He was a crotchety old fellow in the primary stage of drink.</p>
<p>—God, do you remember? Ben bulky Dollard said, turning from the punished keyboard. And by Japers I had no wedding garment.</p>
<p>They laughed all three. He had no wed. All trio laughed. No wedding garment.</p>
<p>—Our friend Bloom turned in handy that night, Mr Dedalus said. Where’s my pipe, by the way?</p>
<p>He wandered back to the bar to the lost chord pipe. Bald Pat carried two diners’ drinks, Richie and Poldy. And Father Cowley laughed again.</p>
<p>—I saved the situation, Ben, I think.</p>
<p>—You did, averred Ben Dollard. I remember those tight trousers too. That was a brilliant idea, Bob.</p>
<p>Father Cowley blushed to his brilliant purply lobes. He saved the situa. Tight trou. Brilliant ide.</p>
<p>—I knew he was on the rocks, he said. The wife was playing the piano in the coffee palace on Saturdays for a very trifling consideration and who was it gave me the wheeze she was doing the other business? Do you remember? We had to search all Holles street to find them till the chap in Keogh’s gave us the number. Remember?</p>
<p>Ben remembered, his broad visage wondering.</p>
<p>—By God, she had some luxurious operacloaks and things there.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus wandered back, pipe in hand.</p>
<p>—Merrion square style. Balldresses, by God, and court dresses. He wouldn’t take any money either. What? Any God’s quantity of cocked hats and boleros and trunkhose. What?</p>
<p>—Ay, ay, Mr Dedalus nodded. Mrs Marion Bloom has left off clothes of all descriptions.</p>
<p>Jingle jaunted down the quays. Blazes sprawled on bounding tyres.</p>
<p>Liver and bacon. Steak and kidney pie. Right, sir. Right, Pat.</p>
<p>Mrs Marion. Met him pike hoses. Smell of burn. Of Paul de Kock. Nice name he.</p>
<p>—What’s this her name was? A buxom lassy. Marion...</p>
<p>—Tweedy.</p>
<p>—Yes. Is she alive?</p>
<p>—And kicking.</p>
<p>—She was a daughter of...</p>
<p>—Daughter of the regiment.</p>
<p>—Yes, begad. I remember the old drummajor.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus struck, whizzed, lit, puffed savoury puff after</p>
<p>—Irish? I don’t know, faith. Is she, Simon?</p>
<p>Puff after stiff, a puff, strong, savoury, crackling.</p>
<p>—Buccinator muscle is... What?... Bit rusty... O, she is... My Irish Molly, O.</p>
<p>He puffed a pungent plumy blast.</p>
<p>—From the rock of Gibraltar... all the way.</p>
<p>They pined in depth of ocean shadow, gold by the beerpull, bronze by maraschino, thoughtful all two. Mina Kennedy, 4 Lismore terrace, Drumcondra with Idolores, a queen, Dolores, silent.</p>
<p>Pat served, uncovered dishes. Leopold cut liverslices. As said before he ate with relish the inner organs, nutty gizzards, fried cods’ roes while Richie Goulding, Collis, Ward ate steak and kidney, steak then kidney, bite by bite of pie he ate Bloom ate they ate.</p>
<p>Bloom with Goulding, married in silence, ate. Dinners fit for princes.</p>
<p>By Bachelor’s walk jogjaunty jingled Blazes Boylan, bachelor, in sun in heat, mare’s glossy rump atrot, with flick of whip, on bounding tyres: sprawled, warmseated, Boylan impatience, ardentbold. Horn. Have you the? Horn. Have you the? Haw haw horn.</p>
<p>Over their voices Dollard bassooned attack, booming over bombarding chords:</p>
<p>—<em>When love absorbs my ardent soul</em>...</p>
<p>Roll of Bensoulbenjamin rolled to the quivery loveshivery roofpanes.</p>
<p>—War! War! cried Father Cowley. You’re the warrior.</p>
<p>—So I am, Ben Warrior laughed. I was thinking of your landlord. Love or money.</p>
<p>He stopped. He wagged huge beard, huge face over his blunder huge.</p>
<p>—Sure, you’d burst the tympanum of her ear, man, Mr Dedalus said through smoke aroma, with an organ like yours.</p>
<p>In bearded abundant laughter Dollard shook upon the keyboard. He would.</p>
<p>—Not to mention another membrane, Father Cowley added. Half time, Ben. <em>Amoroso ma non troppo.</em> Let me there.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy served two gentlemen with tankards of cool stout. She passed a remark. It was indeed, first gentleman said, beautiful weather. They drank cool stout. Did she know where the lord lieutenant was going? And heard steelhoofs ringhoof ring. No, she couldn’t say. But it would be in the paper. O, she need not trouble. No trouble. She waved about her outspread <em>Independent,</em> searching, the lord lieutenant, her pinnacles of hair slowmoving, lord lieuten. Too much trouble, first gentleman said. O, not in the least. Way he looked that. Lord lieutenant. Gold by bronze heard iron steel.</p>
<p>—............ <em>my ardent soul<br />
I care not foror the morrow.</em></p>
<p>In liver gravy Bloom mashed mashed potatoes. Love and War someone is. Ben Dollard’s famous. Night he ran round to us to borrow a dress suit for that concert. Trousers tight as a drum on him. Musical porkers. Molly did laugh when he went out. Threw herself back across the bed, screaming, kicking. With all his belongings on show. O saints above, I’m drenched! O, the women in the front row! O, I never laughed so many! Well, of course that’s what gives him the base barreltone. For instance eunuchs. Wonder who’s playing. Nice touch. Must be Cowley. Musical. Knows whatever note you play. Bad breath he has, poor chap. Stopped.</p>
<p>Miss Douce, engaging, Lydia Douce, bowed to suave solicitor, George Lidwell, gentleman, entering. Good afternoon. She gave her moist (a lady’s) hand to his firm clasp. Afternoon. Yes, she was back. To the old dingdong again.</p>
<p>—Your friends are inside, Mr Lidwell.</p>
<p>George Lidwell, suave, solicited, held a lydiahand.</p>
<p>Bloom ate liv as said before. Clean here at least. That chap in the Burton, gummy with gristle. No-one here: Goulding and I. Clean tables, flowers, mitres of napkins. Pat to and fro. Bald Pat. Nothing to do. Best value in Dub.</p>
<p>Piano again. Cowley it is. Way he sits in to it, like one together, mutual understanding. Tiresome shapers scraping fiddles, eye on the bowend, sawing the cello, remind you of toothache. Her high long snore. Night we were in the box. Trombone under blowing like a grampus, between the acts, other brass chap unscrewing, emptying spittle. Conductor’s legs too, bagstrousers, jiggedy jiggedy. Do right to hide them.</p>
<p>Jiggedy jingle jaunty jaunty.</p>
<p>Only the harp. Lovely. Gold glowering light. Girl touched it. Poop of a lovely. Gravy’s rather good fit for a. Golden ship. Erin. The harp that once or twice. Cool hands. Ben Howth, the rhododendrons. We are their harps. I. He. Old. Young.</p>
<p>—Ah, I couldn’t, man, Mr Dedalus said, shy, listless.</p>
<p>Strongly.</p>
<p>—Go on, blast you! Ben Dollard growled. Get it out in bits.</p>
<p>—<em>M’appari,</em> Simon, Father Cowley said.</p>
<p>Down stage he strode some paces, grave, tall in affliction, his long arms outheld. Hoarsely the apple of his throat hoarsed softly. Softly he sang to a dusty seascape there: <em>A Last Farewell.</em> A headland, a ship, a sail upon the billows. Farewell. A lovely girl, her veil awave upon the wind upon the headland, wind around her.</p>
<p>Cowley sang:</p>
<p><em>—M’appari tutt’amor:<br />
Il mio sguardo l’incontr...</em></p>
<p>She waved, unhearing Cowley, her veil, to one departing, dear one, to wind, love, speeding sail, return.</p>
<p>—Go on, Simon.</p>
<p>—Ah, sure, my dancing days are done, Ben... Well...</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus laid his pipe to rest beside the tuningfork and, sitting, touched the obedient keys.</p>
<p>—No, Simon, Father Cowley turned. Play it in the original. One flat.</p>
<p>The keys, obedient, rose higher, told, faltered, confessed, confused.</p>
<p>Up stage strode Father Cowley.</p>
<p>—Here, Simon, I’ll accompany you, he said. Get up.</p>
<p>By Graham Lemon’s pineapple rock, by Elvery’s elephant jingly jogged.</p>
<p>Steak, kidney, liver, mashed, at meat fit for princes sat princes Bloom and Goulding. Princes at meat they raised and drank, Power and cider.</p>
<p>Most beautiful tenor air ever written, Richie said: <em>Sonnambula.</em> He heard Joe Maas sing that one night. Ah, what M’Guckin! Yes. In his way. Choirboy style. Maas was the boy. Massboy. A lyrical tenor if you like. Never forget it. Never.</p>
<p>Tenderly Bloom over liverless bacon saw the tightened features strain. Backache he. Bright’s bright eye. Next item on the programme. Paying the piper. Pills, pounded bread, worth a guinea a box. Stave it off awhile. Sings too: <em>Down among the dead men.</em> Appropriate. Kidney pie. Sweets to the. Not making much hand of it. Best value in. Characteristic of him. Power. Particular about his drink. Flaw in the glass, fresh Vartry water. Fecking matches from counters to save. Then squander a sovereign in dribs and drabs. And when he’s wanted not a farthing. Screwed refusing to pay his fare. Curious types.</p>
<p>Never would Richie forget that night. As long as he lived: never. In the gods of the old Royal with little Peake. And when the first note.</p>
<p>Speech paused on Richie’s lips.</p>
<p>Coming out with a whopper now. Rhapsodies about damn all. Believes his own lies. Does really. Wonderful liar. But want a good memory.</p>
<p>—Which air is that? asked Leopold Bloom.</p>
<p>—<em>All is lost now</em>.</p>
<p>Richie cocked his lips apout. A low incipient note sweet banshee murmured: all. A thrush. A throstle. His breath, birdsweet, good teeth he’s proud of, fluted with plaintive woe. Is lost. Rich sound. Two notes in one there. Blackbird I heard in the hawthorn valley. Taking my motives he twined and turned them. All most too new call is lost in all. Echo. How sweet the answer. How is that done? All lost now. Mournful he whistled. Fall, surrender, lost.</p>
<p>Bloom bent leopold ear, turning a fringe of doyley down under the vase. Order. Yes, I remember. Lovely air. In sleep she went to him. Innocence in the moon. Brave. Don’t know their danger. Still hold her back. Call name. Touch water. Jingle jaunty. Too late. She longed to go. That’s why. Woman. As easy stop the sea. Yes: all is lost.</p>
<p>—A beautiful air, said Bloom lost Leopold. I know it well.</p>
<p>Never in all his life had Richie Goulding.</p>
<p>He knows it well too. Or he feels. Still harping on his daughter. Wise child that knows her father, Dedalus said. Me?</p>
<p>Bloom askance over liverless saw. Face of the all is lost. Rollicking Richie once. Jokes old stale now. Wagging his ear. Napkinring in his eye. Now begging letters he sends his son with. Crosseyed Walter sir I did sir. Wouldn’t trouble only I was expecting some money. Apologise.</p>
<p>Piano again. Sounds better than last time I heard. Tuned probably. Stopped again.</p>
<p>Dollard and Cowley still urged the lingering singer out with it.</p>
<p>—With it, Simon.</p>
<p>—It, Simon.</p>
<p>—Ladies and gentlemen, I am most deeply obliged by your kind solicitations.</p>
<p>—It, Simon.</p>
<p>—I have no money but if you will lend me your attention I shall endeavour to sing to you of a heart bowed down.</p>
<p>By the sandwichbell in screening shadow Lydia, her bronze and rose, a lady’s grace, gave and withheld: as in cool glaucous <em>eau de Nil</em> Mina to tankards two her pinnacles of gold.</p>
<p>The harping chords of prelude closed. A chord, longdrawn, expectant, drew a voice away.</p>
<p>—<em>When first I saw that form endearing</em>...</p>
<p>Richie turned.</p>
<p>—Si Dedalus’ voice, he said.</p>
<p>Braintipped, cheek touched with flame, they listened feeling that flow endearing flow over skin limbs human heart soul spine. Bloom signed to Pat, bald Pat is a waiter hard of hearing, to set ajar the door of the bar. The door of the bar. So. That will do. Pat, waiter, waited, waiting to hear, for he was hard of hear by the door.</p>
<p>—<em>Sorrow from me seemed to depart.</em></p>
<p>Through the hush of air a voice sang to them, low, not rain, not leaves in murmur, like no voice of strings or reeds or whatdoyoucallthem dulcimers touching their still ears with words, still hearts of their each his remembered lives. Good, good to hear: sorrow from them each seemed to from both depart when first they heard. When first they saw, lost Richie Poldy, mercy of beauty, heard from a person wouldn’t expect it in the least, her first merciful lovesoft oftloved word.</p>
<p>Love that is singing: love’s old sweet song. Bloom unwound slowly the elastic band of his packet. Love’s old sweet <em>sonnez la</em> gold. Bloom wound a skein round four forkfingers, stretched it, relaxed, and wound it round his troubled double, fourfold, in octave, gyved them fast.</p>
<p>—<em>Full of hope and all delighted</em>...</p>
<p>Tenors get women by the score. Increase their flow. Throw flower at his feet. When will we meet? My head it simply. Jingle all delighted. He can’t sing for tall hats. Your head it simply swurls. Perfumed for him. What perfume does your wife? I want to know. Jing. Stop. Knock. Last look at mirror always before she answers the door. The hall. There? How do you? I do well. There? What? Or? Phial of cachous, kissing comfits, in her satchel. Yes? Hands felt for the opulent.</p>
<p>Alas the voice rose, sighing, changed: loud, full, shining, proud.</p>
<p>—<em>But alas, ’twas idle dreaming</em>...</p>
<p>Glorious tone he has still. Cork air softer also their brogue. Silly man! Could have made oceans of money. Singing wrong words. Wore out his wife: now sings. But hard to tell. Only the two themselves. If he doesn’t break down. Keep a trot for the avenue. His hands and feet sing too. Drink. Nerves overstrung. Must be abstemious to sing. Jenny Lind soup: stock, sage, raw eggs, half pint of cream. For creamy dreamy.</p>
<p>Tenderness it welled: slow, swelling, full it throbbed. That’s the chat. Ha, give! Take! Throb, a throb, a pulsing proud erect.</p>
<p>Words? Music? No: it’s what’s behind.</p>
<p>Bloom looped, unlooped, noded, disnoded.</p>
<p>Bloom. Flood of warm jamjam lickitup secretness flowed to flow in music out, in desire, dark to lick flow invading. Tipping her tepping her tapping her topping her. Tup. Pores to dilate dilating. Tup. The joy the feel the warm the. Tup. To pour o’er sluices pouring gushes. Flood, gush, flow, joygush, tupthrob. Now! Language of love.</p>
<p>—... <em>ray of hope is</em>...</p>
<p>Beaming. Lydia for Lidwell squeak scarcely hear so ladylike the muse unsqueaked a ray of hopk.</p>
<p><em>Martha</em> it is. Coincidence. Just going to write. Lionel’s song. Lovely name you have. Can’t write. Accept my little pres. Play on her heartstrings pursestrings too. She’s a. I called you naughty boy. Still the name: Martha. How strange! Today.</p>
<p>The voice of Lionel returned, weaker but unwearied. It sang again to Richie Poldy Lydia Lidwell also sang to Pat open mouth ear waiting to wait. How first he saw that form endearing, how sorrow seemed to part, how look, form, word charmed him Gould Lidwell, won Pat Bloom’s heart.</p>
<p>Wish I could see his face, though. Explain better. Why the barber in Drago’s always looked my face when I spoke his face in the glass. Still hear it better here than in the bar though farther.</p>
<p>—<em>Each graceful look</em>...</p>
<p>First night when first I saw her at Mat Dillon’s in Terenure. Yellow, black lace she wore. Musical chairs. We two the last. Fate. After her. Fate. Round and round slow. Quick round. We two. All looked. Halt. Down she sat. All ousted looked. Lips laughing. Yellow knees.</p>
<p>—<em>Charmed my eye</em>...</p>
<p>Singing. <em>Waiting</em> she sang. I turned her music. Full voice of perfume of what perfume does your lilactrees. Bosom I saw, both full, throat warbling. First I saw. She thanked me. Why did she me? Fate. Spanishy eyes. Under a peartree alone patio this hour in old Madrid one side in shadow Dolores shedolores. At me. Luring. Ah, alluring.</p>
<p>—<em>Martha! Ah, Martha!</em></p>
<p>Quitting all languor Lionel cried in grief, in cry of passion dominant to love to return with deepening yet with rising chords of harmony. In cry of lionel loneliness that she should know, must martha feel. For only her he waited. Where? Here there try there here all try where. Somewhere.</p>
<p>—<em>Co-ome, thou lost one!<br />
Co-ome, thou dear one!</em></p>
<p>Alone. One love. One hope. One comfort me. Martha, chestnote, return!</p>
<p><em>—Come!</em></p>
<p>It soared, a bird, it held its flight, a swift pure cry, soar silver orb it leaped serene, speeding, sustained, to come, don’t spin it out too long long breath he breath long life, soaring high, high resplendent, aflame, crowned, high in the effulgence symbolistic, high, of the etherial bosom, high, of the high vast irradiation everywhere all soaring all around about the all, the endlessnessnessness...</p>
<p>—<em>To me!</em></p>
<p>Siopold!</p>
<p>Consumed.</p>
<p>Come. Well sung. All clapped. She ought to. Come. To me, to him, to her, you too, me, us.</p>
<p>—Bravo! Clapclap. Good man, Simon. Clappyclapclap. Encore! Clapclipclap clap. Sound as a bell. Bravo, Simon! Clapclopclap. Encore, enclap, said, cried, clapped all, Ben Dollard, Lydia Douce, George Lidwell, Pat, Mina Kennedy, two gentlemen with two tankards, Cowley, first gent with tank and bronze Miss Douce and gold Miss Mina.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan’s smart tan shoes creaked on the barfloor, said before. Jingle by monuments of sir John Gray, Horatio onehandled Nelson, reverend father Theobald Mathew, jaunted, as said before just now. Atrot, in heat, heatseated. <em>Cloche. Sonnez la. Cloche. Sonnez la.</em> Slower the mare went up the hill by the Rotunda, Rutland square. Too slow for Boylan, blazes Boylan, impatience Boylan, joggled the mare.</p>
<p>An afterclang of Cowley’s chords closed, died on the air made richer.</p>
<p>And Richie Goulding drank his Power and Leopold Bloom his cider drank, Lidwell his Guinness, second gentleman said they would partake of two more tankards if she did not mind. Miss Kennedy smirked, disserving, coral lips, at first, at second. She did not mind.</p>
<p>—Seven days in jail, Ben Dollard said, on bread and water. Then you’d sing, Simon, like a garden thrush.</p>
<p>Lionel Simon, singer, laughed. Father Bob Cowley played. Mina Kennedy served. Second gentleman paid. Tom Kernan strutted in. Lydia, admired, admired. But Bloom sang dumb.</p>
<p>Admiring.</p>
<p>Richie, admiring, descanted on that man’s glorious voice. He remembered one night long ago. Never forget that night. Si sang <em>’Twas rank and fame</em>: in Ned Lambert’s ’twas. Good God he never heard in all his life a note like that he never did <em>then false one we had better part</em> so clear so God he never heard <em>since love lives not</em> a clinking voice lives not ask Lambert he can tell you too.</p>
<p>Goulding, a flush struggling in his pale, told Mr Bloom, face of the night, Si in Ned Lambert’s, Dedalus house, sang <em>’Twas rank and fame.</em></p>
<p>He, Mr Bloom, listened while he, Richie Goulding, told him, Mr Bloom, of the night he, Richie, heard him, Si Dedalus, sing <em>’Twas rank and fame</em> in his, Ned Lambert’s, house.</p>
<p>Brothers-in-law: relations. We never speak as we pass by. Rift in the lute I think. Treats him with scorn. See. He admires him all the more. The night Si sang. The human voice, two tiny silky chords, wonderful, more than all others.</p>
<p>That voice was a lamentation. Calmer now. It’s in the silence after you feel you hear. Vibrations. Now silent air.</p>
<p>Bloom ungyved his crisscrossed hands and with slack fingers plucked the slender catgut thong. He drew and plucked. It buzz, it twanged. While Goulding talked of Barraclough’s voice production, while Tom Kernan, harking back in a retrospective sort of arrangement talked to listening Father Cowley, who played a voluntary, who nodded as he played. While big Ben Dollard talked with Simon Dedalus, lighting, who nodded as he smoked, who smoked.</p>
<p>Thou lost one. All songs on that theme. Yet more Bloom stretched his string. Cruel it seems. Let people get fond of each other: lure them on. Then tear asunder. Death. Explos. Knock on the head. Outtohelloutofthat. Human life. Dignam. Ugh, that rat’s tail wriggling! Five bob I gave. <em>Corpus paradisum.</em> Corncrake croaker: belly like a poisoned pup. Gone. They sing. Forgotten. I too. And one day she with. Leave her: get tired. Suffer then. Snivel. Big spanishy eyes goggling at nothing. Her wavyavyeavyheavyeavyevyevyhair un comb:’d.</p>
<p>Yet too much happy bores. He stretched more, more. Are you not happy in your? Twang. It snapped.</p>
<p>Jingle into Dorset street.</p>
<p>Miss Douce withdrew her satiny arm, reproachful, pleased.</p>
<p>—Don’t make half so free, said she, till we are better acquainted.</p>
<p>George Lidwell told her really and truly: but she did not believe.</p>
<p>First gentleman told Mina that was so. She asked him was that so. And second tankard told her so. That that was so.</p>
<p>Miss Douce, miss Lydia, did not believe: miss Kennedy, Mina, did not believe: George Lidwell, no: miss Dou did not: the first, the first: gent with the tank: believe, no, no: did not, miss Kenn: Lidlydiawell: the tank.</p>
<p>Better write it here. Quills in the postoffice chewed and twisted.</p>
<p>Bald Pat at a sign drew nigh. A pen and ink. He went. A pad. He went. A pad to blot. He heard, deaf Pat.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said, teasing the curling catgut line. It certainly is. Few lines will do. My present. All that Italian florid music is. Who is this wrote? Know the name you know better. Take out sheet notepaper, envelope: unconcerned. It’s so characteristic.</p>
<p>—Grandest number in the whole opera, Goulding said.</p>
<p>—It is, Bloom said.</p>
<p>Numbers it is. All music when you come to think. Two multiplied by two divided by half is twice one. Vibrations: chords those are. One plus two plus six is seven. Do anything you like with figures juggling. Always find out this equal to that. Symmetry under a cemetery wall. He doesn’t see my mourning. Callous: all for his own gut. Musemathematics. And you think you’re listening to the etherial. But suppose you said it like: Martha, seven times nine minus x is thirtyfive thousand. Fall quite flat. It’s on account of the sounds it is.</p>
<p>Instance he’s playing now. Improvising. Might be what you like, till you hear the words. Want to listen sharp. Hard. Begin all right: then hear chords a bit off: feel lost a bit. In and out of sacks, over barrels, through wirefences, obstacle race. Time makes the tune. Question of mood you’re in. Still always nice to hear. Except scales up and down, girls learning. Two together nextdoor neighbours. Ought to invent dummy pianos for that. <em>Blumenlied</em> I bought for her. The name. Playing it slow, a girl, night I came home, the girl. Door of the stables near Cecilia street. Milly no taste. Queer because we both, I mean.</p>
<p>Bald deaf Pat brought quite flat pad ink. Pat set with ink pen quite flat pad. Pat took plate dish knife fork. Pat went.</p>
<p>It was the only language Mr Dedalus said to Ben. He heard them as a boy in Ringabella, Crosshaven, Ringabella, singing their barcaroles. Queenstown harbour full of Italian ships. Walking, you know, Ben, in the moonlight with those earthquake hats. Blending their voices. God, such music, Ben. Heard as a boy. Cross Ringabella haven mooncarole.</p>
<p>Sour pipe removed he held a shield of hand beside his lips that cooed a moonlight nightcall, clear from anear, a call from afar, replying.</p>
<p>Down the edge of his <em>Freeman</em> baton ranged Bloom’s, your other eye, scanning for where did I see that. Callan, Coleman, Dignam Patrick. Heigho! Heigho! Fawcett. Aha! Just I was looking...</p>
<p>Hope he’s not looking, cute as a rat. He held unfurled his <em>Freeman.</em> Can’t see now. Remember write Greek ees. Bloom dipped, Bloo mur: dear sir. Dear Henry wrote: dear Mady. Got your lett and flow. Hell did I put? Some pock or oth. It is utterl imposs. Underline <em>imposs.</em> To write today.</p>
<p>Bore this. Bored Bloom tambourined gently with I am just reflecting fingers on flat pad Pat brought.</p>
<p>On. Know what I mean. No, change that ee. Accep my poor litt pres enclos. Ask her no answ. Hold on. Five Dig. Two about here. Penny the gulls. Elijah is com. Seven Davy Byrne’s. Is eight about. Say half a crown. My poor little pres: p. o. two and six. Write me a long. Do you despise? Jingle, have you the? So excited. Why do you call me naught? You naughty too? O, Mairy lost the string of her. Bye for today. Yes, yes, will tell you. Want to. To keep it up. Call me that other. Other world she wrote. My patience are exhaust. To keep it up. You must believe. Believe. The tank. It. Is. True.</p>
<p>Folly am I writing? Husbands don’t. That’s marriage does, their wives. Because I’m away from. Suppose. But how? She must. Keep young. If she found out. Card in my high grade ha. No, not tell all. Useless pain. If they don’t see. Woman. Sauce for the gander.</p>
<p>A hackney car, number three hundred and twentyfour, driver Barton James of number one Harmony avenue, Donnybrook, on which sat a fare, a young gentleman, stylishly dressed in an indigoblue serge suit made by George Robert Mesias, tailor and cutter, of number five Eden quay, and wearing a straw hat very dressy, bought of John Plasto of number one Great Brunswick street, hatter. Eh? This is the jingle that joggled and jingled. By Dlugacz’ porkshop bright tubes of Agendath trotted a gallantbuttocked mare.</p>
<p>—Answering an ad? keen Richie’s eyes asked Bloom.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said. Town traveller. Nothing doing, I expect.</p>
<p>Bloom mur: best references. But Henry wrote: it will excite me. You know how. In haste. Henry. Greek ee. Better add postscript. What is he playing now? Improvising. Intermezzo. P. S. The rum tum tum. How will you pun? You punish me? Crooked skirt swinging, whack by. Tell me I want to. Know. O. Course if I didn’t I wouldn’t ask. La la la ree. Trails off there sad in minor. Why minor sad? Sign H. They like sad tail at end. P. P. S. La la la ree. I feel so sad today. La ree. So lonely. Dee.</p>
<p>He blotted quick on pad of Pat. Envel. Address. Just copy out of paper. Murmured: Messrs Callan, Coleman and Co, limited. Henry wrote:</p>
<p>Miss Martha Clifford<br />
    c/o P. O.<br />
        Dolphin’s Barn Lane<br />
            Dublin.</p>
<p>Blot over the other so he can’t read. There. Right. Idea prize titbit. Something detective read off blottingpad. Payment at the rate of guinea per col. Matcham often thinks the laughing witch. Poor Mrs Purefoy. U. P: up.</p>
<p>Too poetical that about the sad. Music did that. Music hath charms. Shakespeare said. Quotations every day in the year. To be or not to be. Wisdom while you wait.</p>
<p>In Gerard’s rosery of Fetter lane he walks, greyedauburn. One life is all. One body. Do. But do.</p>
<p>Done anyhow. Postal order, stamp. Postoffice lower down. Walk now. Enough. Barney Kiernan’s I promised to meet them. Dislike that job. House of mourning. Walk. Pat! Doesn’t hear. Deaf beetle he is.</p>
<p>Car near there now. Talk. Talk. Pat! Doesn’t. Settling those napkins. Lot of ground he must cover in the day. Paint face behind on him then he’d be two. Wish they’d sing more. Keep my mind off.</p>
<p>Bald Pat who is bothered mitred the napkins. Pat is a waiter hard of his hearing. Pat is a waiter who waits while you wait. Hee hee hee hee. He waits while you wait. Hee hee. A waiter is he. Hee hee hee hee. He waits while you wait. While you wait if you wait he will wait while you wait. Hee hee hee hee. Hoh. Wait while you wait.</p>
<p>Douce now. Douce Lydia. Bronze and rose.</p>
<p>She had a gorgeous, simply gorgeous, time. And look at the lovely shell she brought.</p>
<p>To the end of the bar to him she bore lightly the spiked and winding seahorn that he, George Lidwell, solicitor, might hear.</p>
<p>—Listen! she bade him.</p>
<p>Under Tom Kernan’s ginhot words the accompanist wove music slow. Authentic fact. How Walter Bapty lost his voice. Well, sir, the husband took him by the throat. <em>Scoundrel,</em> said he, <em>You’ll sing no more lovesongs.</em> He did, faith, sir Tom. Bob Cowley wove. Tenors get wom. Cowley lay back.</p>
<p>Ah, now he heard, she holding it to his ear. Hear! He heard. Wonderful. She held it to her own. And through the sifted light pale gold in contrast glided. To hear.</p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>Bloom through the bardoor saw a shell held at their ears. He heard more faintly that that they heard, each for herself alone, then each for other, hearing the plash of waves, loudly, a silent roar.</p>
<p>Bronze by a weary gold, anear, afar, they listened.</p>
<p>Her ear too is a shell, the peeping lobe there. Been to the seaside. Lovely seaside girls. Skin tanned raw. Should have put on coldcream first make it brown. Buttered toast. O and that lotion mustn’t forget. Fever near her mouth. Your head it simply. Hair braided over: shell with seaweed. Why do they hide their ears with seaweed hair? And Turks the mouth, why? Her eyes over the sheet. Yashmak. Find the way in. A cave. No admittance except on business.</p>
<p>The sea they think they hear. Singing. A roar. The blood it is. Souse in the ear sometimes. Well, it’s a sea. Corpuscle islands.</p>
<p>Wonderful really. So distinct. Again. George Lidwell held its murmur, hearing: then laid it by, gently.</p>
<p>—What are the wild waves saying? he asked her, smiled.</p>
<p>Charming, seasmiling and unanswering Lydia on Lidwell smiled.</p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>By Larry O’Rourke’s, by Larry, bold Larry O’, Boylan swayed and Boylan turned.</p>
<p>From the forsaken shell miss Mina glided to her tankards waiting. No, she was not so lonely archly miss Douce’s head let Mr Lidwell know. Walks in the moonlight by the sea. No, not alone. With whom? She nobly answered: with a gentleman friend.</p>
<p>Bob Cowley’s twinkling fingers in the treble played again. The landlord has the prior. A little time. Long John. Big Ben. Lightly he played a light bright tinkling measure for tripping ladies, arch and smiling, and for their gallants, gentlemen friends. One: one, one, one, one, one: two, one, three, four.</p>
<p>Sea, wind, leaves, thunder, waters, cows lowing, the cattlemarket, cocks, hens don’t crow, snakes hissss. There’s music everywhere. Ruttledge’s door: ee creaking. No, that’s noise. Minuet of <em>Don Giovanni</em> he’s playing now. Court dresses of all descriptions in castle chambers dancing. Misery. Peasants outside. Green starving faces eating dockleaves. Nice that is. Look: look, look, look, look, look: you look at us.</p>
<p>That’s joyful I can feel. Never have written it. Why? My joy is other joy. But both are joys. Yes, joy it must be. Mere fact of music shows you are. Often thought she was in the dumps till she began to lilt. Then know.</p>
<p>M’Coy valise. My wife and your wife. Squealing cat. Like tearing silk. Tongue when she talks like the clapper of a bellows. They can’t manage men’s intervals. Gap in their voices too. Fill me. I’m warm, dark, open. Molly in <em>quis est homo</em>: Mercadante. My ear against the wall to hear. Want a woman who can deliver the goods.</p>
<p>Jog jig jogged stopped. Dandy tan shoe of dandy Boylan socks skyblue clocks came light to earth.</p>
<p>O, look we are so! Chamber music. Could make a kind of pun on that. It is a kind of music I often thought when she. Acoustics that is. Tinkling. Empty vessels make most noise. Because the acoustics, the resonance changes according as the weight of the water is equal to the law of falling water. Like those rhapsodies of Liszt’s, Hungarian, gipsyeyed. Pearls. Drops. Rain. Diddleiddle addleaddle ooddleooddle. Hissss. Now. Maybe now. Before.</p>
<p>One rapped on a door, one tapped with a knock, did he knock Paul de Kock with a loud proud knocker with a cock carracarracarra cock. Cockcock.</p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>—<em>Qui sdegno,</em> Ben, said Father Cowley.</p>
<p>—No, Ben, Tom Kernan interfered. <em>The Croppy Boy.</em> Our native Doric.</p>
<p>—Ay do, Ben, Mr Dedalus said. Good men and true.</p>
<p>—Do, do, they begged in one.</p>
<p>I’ll go. Here, Pat, return. Come. He came, he came, he did not stay. To me. How much?</p>
<p>—What key? Six sharps?</p>
<p>—F sharp major, Ben Dollard said.</p>
<p>Bob Cowley’s outstretched talons griped the black deepsounding chords.</p>
<p>Must go prince Bloom told Richie prince. No, Richie said. Yes, must. Got money somewhere. He’s on for a razzle backache spree. Much? He seehears lipspeech. One and nine. Penny for yourself. Here. Give him twopence tip. Deaf, bothered. But perhaps he has wife and family waiting, waiting Patty come home. Hee hee hee hee. Deaf wait while they wait.</p>
<p>But wait. But hear. Chords dark. Lugugugubrious. Low. In a cave of the dark middle earth. Embedded ore. Lumpmusic.</p>
<p>The voice of dark age, of unlove, earth’s fatigue made grave approach and painful, come from afar, from hoary mountains, called on good men and true. The priest he sought. With him would he speak a word.</p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard’s voice. Base barreltone. Doing his level best to say it. Croak of vast manless moonless womoonless marsh. Other comedown. Big ships’ chandler’s business he did once. Remember: rosiny ropes, ships’ lanterns. Failed to the tune of ten thousand pounds. Now in the Iveagh home. Cubicle number so and so. Number one Bass did that for him.</p>
<p>The priest’s at home. A false priest’s servant bade him welcome. Step in. The holy father. With bows a traitor servant. Curlycues of chords.</p>
<p>Ruin them. Wreck their lives. Then build them cubicles to end their days in. Hushaby. Lullaby. Die, dog. Little dog, die.</p>
<p>The voice of warning, solemn warning, told them the youth had entered a lonely hall, told them how solemn fell his footsteps there, told them the gloomy chamber, the vested priest sitting to shrive.</p>
<p>Decent soul. Bit addled now. Thinks he’ll win in <em>Answers</em>, poets’ picture puzzle. We hand you crisp five pound note. Bird sitting hatching in a nest. Lay of the last minstrel he thought it was. See blank tee what domestic animal? Tee dash ar most courageous mariner. Good voice he has still. No eunuch yet with all his belongings.</p>
<p>Listen. Bloom listened. Richie Goulding listened. And by the door deaf Pat, bald Pat, tipped Pat, listened.</p>
<p>The chords harped slower.</p>
<p>The voice of penance and of grief came slow, embellished, tremulous. Ben’s contrite beard confessed. <em>in nomine Domini,</em> in God’s name he knelt. He beat his hand upon his breast, confessing: <em>mea culpa.</em></p>
<p>Latin again. That holds them like birdlime. Priest with the communion corpus for those women. Chap in the mortuary, coffin or coffey, <em>corpusnomine.</em> Wonder where that rat is by now. Scrape.</p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>They listened. Tankards and miss Kennedy. George Lidwell, eyelid well expressive, fullbusted satin. Kernan. Si.</p>
<p>The sighing voice of sorrow sang. His sins. Since Easter he had cursed three times. You bitch’s bast. And once at masstime he had gone to play. Once by the churchyard he had passed and for his mother’s rest he had not prayed. A boy. A croppy boy.</p>
<p>Bronze, listening, by the beerpull gazed far away. Soulfully. Doesn’t half know I’m. Molly great dab at seeing anyone looking.</p>
<p>Bronze gazed far sideways. Mirror there. Is that best side of her face? They always know. Knock at the door. Last tip to titivate.</p>
<p>Cockcarracarra.</p>
<p>What do they think when they hear music? Way to catch rattlesnakes. Night Michael Gunn gave us the box. Tuning up. Shah of Persia liked that best. Remind him of home sweet home. Wiped his nose in curtain too. Custom his country perhaps. That’s music too. Not as bad as it sounds. Tootling. Brasses braying asses through uptrunks. Doublebasses helpless, gashes in their sides. Woodwinds mooing cows. Semigrand open crocodile music hath jaws. Woodwind like Goodwin’s name.</p>
<p>She looked fine. Her crocus dress she wore lowcut, belongings on show. Clove her breath was always in theatre when she bent to ask a question. Told her what Spinoza says in that book of poor papa’s. Hypnotised, listening. Eyes like that. She bent. Chap in dresscircle staring down into her with his operaglass for all he was worth. Beauty of music you must hear twice. Nature woman half a look. God made the country man the tune. Met him pike hoses. Philosophy. O rocks!</p>
<p>All gone. All fallen. At the siege of Ross his father, at Gorey all his brothers fell. To Wexford, we are the boys of Wexford, he would. Last of his name and race.</p>
<p>I too. Last of my race. Milly young student. Well, my fault perhaps. No son. Rudy. Too late now. Or if not? If not? If still?</p>
<p>He bore no hate.</p>
<p>Hate. Love. Those are names. Rudy. Soon I am old.</p>
<p>Big Ben his voice unfolded. Great voice Richie Goulding said, a flush struggling in his pale, to Bloom soon old. But when was young?</p>
<p>Ireland comes now. My country above the king. She listens. Who fears to speak of nineteen four? Time to be shoving. Looked enough.</p>
<p>—<em>Bless me, father,</em> Dollard the croppy cried. <em>Bless me and let me go.</em></p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>Bloom looked, unblessed to go. Got up to kill: on eighteen bob a week. Fellows shell out the dibs. Want to keep your weathereye open. Those girls, those lovely. By the sad sea waves. Chorusgirl’s romance. Letters read out for breach of promise. From Chickabiddy’s owny Mumpsypum. Laughter in court. Henry. I never signed it. The lovely name you.</p>
<p>Low sank the music, air and words. Then hastened. The false priest rustling soldier from his cassock. A yeoman captain. They know it all by heart. The thrill they itch for. Yeoman cap.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Thrilled she listened, bending in sympathy to hear.</p>
<p>Blank face. Virgin should say: or fingered only. Write something on it: page. If not what becomes of them? Decline, despair. Keeps them young. Even admire themselves. See. Play on her. Lip blow. Body of white woman, a flute alive. Blow gentle. Loud. Three holes, all women. Goddess I didn’t see. They want it. Not too much polite. That’s why he gets them. Gold in your pocket, brass in your face. Say something. Make her hear. With look to look. Songs without words. Molly, that hurdygurdy boy. She knew he meant the monkey was sick. Or because so like the Spanish. Understand animals too that way. Solomon did. Gift of nature.</p>
<p>Ventriloquise. My lips closed. Think in my stom. What?</p>
<p>Will? You? I. Want. You. To.</p>
<p>With hoarse rude fury the yeoman cursed, swelling in apoplectic bitch’s bastard. A good thought, boy, to come. One hour’s your time to live, your last.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Thrill now. Pity they feel. To wipe away a tear for martyrs that want to, dying to, die. For all things dying, for all things born. Poor Mrs Purefoy. Hope she’s over. Because their wombs.</p>
<p>A liquid of womb of woman eyeball gazed under a fence of lashes, calmly, hearing. See real beauty of the eye when she not speaks. On yonder river. At each slow satiny heaving bosom’s wave (her heaving embon) red rose rose slowly sank red rose. Heartbeats: her breath: breath that is life. And all the tiny tiny fernfoils trembled of maidenhair.</p>
<p>But look. The bright stars fade. O rose! Castile. The morn. Ha. Lidwell. For him then not for. Infatuated. I like that? See her from here though. Popped corks, splashes of beerfroth, stacks of empties.</p>
<p>On the smooth jutting beerpull laid Lydia hand, lightly, plumply, leave it to my hands. All lost in pity for croppy. Fro, to: to, fro: over the polished knob (she knows his eyes, my eyes, her eyes) her thumb and finger passed in pity: passed, reposed and, gently touching, then slid so smoothly, slowly down, a cool firm white enamel baton protruding through their sliding ring.</p>
<p>With a cock with a carra.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>I hold this house. Amen. He gnashed in fury. Traitors swing.</p>
<p>The chords consented. Very sad thing. But had to be.</p>
<p>Get out before the end. Thanks, that was heavenly. Where’s my hat. Pass by her. Can leave that <em>Freeman</em>. Letter I have. Suppose she were the? No. Walk, walk, walk. Like Cashel Boylo Connoro Coylo Tisdall Maurice Tisntdall Farrell. Waaaaaaalk.</p>
<p>Well, I must be. Are you off? Yrfmstbyes. Blmstup. O’er ryehigh blue. Ow. Bloom stood up. Soap feeling rather sticky behind. Must have sweated: music. That lotion, remember. Well, so long. High grade. Card inside. Yes.</p>
<p>By deaf Pat in the doorway straining ear Bloom passed.</p>
<p>At Geneva barrack that young man died. At Passage was his body laid. Dolor! O, he dolores! The voice of the mournful chanter called to dolorous prayer.</p>
<p>By rose, by satiny bosom, by the fondling hand, by slops, by empties, by popped corks, greeting in going, past eyes and maidenhair, bronze and faint gold in deepseashadow, went Bloom, soft Bloom, I feel so lonely Bloom.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Pray for him, prayed the bass of Dollard. You who hear in peace. Breathe a prayer, drop a tear, good men, good people. He was the croppy boy.</p>
<p>Scaring eavesdropping boots croppy bootsboy Bloom in the Ormond hallway heard the growls and roars of bravo, fat backslapping, their boots all treading, boots not the boots the boy. General chorus off for a swill to wash it down. Glad I avoided.</p>
<p>—Come on, Ben, Simon Dedalus cried. By God, you’re as good as ever you were.</p>
<p>—Better, said Tomgin Kernan. Most trenchant rendition of that ballad, upon my soul and honour it is.</p>
<p>—Lablache, said Father Cowley.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard bulkily cachuchad towards the bar, mightily praisefed and all big roseate, on heavyfooted feet, his gouty fingers nakkering castagnettes in the air.</p>
<p>Big Benaben Dollard. Big Benben. Big Benben.</p>
<p>Rrr.</p>
<p>And deepmoved all, Simon trumping compassion from foghorn nose, all laughing they brought him forth, Ben Dollard, in right good cheer.</p>
<p>—You’re looking rubicund, George Lidwell said.</p>
<p>Miss Douce composed her rose to wait.</p>
<p>—Ben machree, said Mr Dedalus, clapping Ben’s fat back shoulderblade. Fit as a fiddle only he has a lot of adipose tissue concealed about his person.</p>
<p>Rrrrrrrsss.</p>
<p>—Fat of death, Simon, Ben Dollard growled.</p>
<p>Richie rift in the lute alone sat: Goulding, Collis, Ward. Uncertainly he waited. Unpaid Pat too.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Miss Mina Kennedy brought near her lips to ear of tankard one.</p>
<p>—Mr Dollard, they murmured low.</p>
<p>—Dollard, murmured tankard.</p>
<p>Tank one believed: miss Kenn when she: that doll he was: she doll: the tank.</p>
<p>He murmured that he knew the name. The name was familiar to him, that is to say. That was to say he had heard the name of. Dollard, was it? Dollard, yes.</p>
<p>Yes, her lips said more loudly, Mr Dollard. He sang that song lovely, murmured Mina. Mr Dollard. And <em>The last rose of summer</em> was a lovely song. Mina loved that song. Tankard loved the song that Mina.</p>
<p>’Tis the last rose of summer dollard left bloom felt wind wound round inside.</p>
<p>Gassy thing that cider: binding too. Wait. Postoffice near Reuben J’s one and eightpence too. Get shut of it. Dodge round by Greek street. Wish I hadn’t promised to meet. Freer in air. Music. Gets on your nerves. Beerpull. Her hand that rocks the cradle rules the. Ben Howth. That rules the world.</p>
<p>Far. Far. Far. Far.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Up the quay went Lionelleopold, naughty Henry with letter for Mady, with sweets of sin with frillies for Raoul with met him pike hoses went Poldy on.</p>
<p>Tap blind walked tapping by the tap the curbstone tapping, tap by tap.</p>
<p>Cowley, he stuns himself with it: kind of drunkenness. Better give way only half way the way of a man with a maid. Instance enthusiasts. All ears. Not lose a demisemiquaver. Eyes shut. Head nodding in time. Dotty. You daren’t budge. Thinking strictly prohibited. Always talking shop. Fiddlefaddle about notes.</p>
<p>All a kind of attempt to talk. Unpleasant when it stops because you never know exac. Organ in Gardiner street. Old Glynn fifty quid a year. Queer up there in the cockloft, alone, with stops and locks and keys. Seated all day at the organ. Maunder on for hours, talking to himself or the other fellow blowing the bellows. Growl angry, then shriek cursing (want to have wadding or something in his no don’t she cried), then all of a soft sudden wee little wee little pipy wind.</p>
<p>Pwee! A wee little wind piped eeee. In Bloom’s little wee.</p>
<p>—Was he? Mr Dedalus said, returning with fetched pipe. I was with him this morning at poor little Paddy Dignam’s...</p>
<p>—Ay, the Lord have mercy on him.</p>
<p>—By the bye there’s a tuningfork in there on the...</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>—The wife has a fine voice. Or had. What? Lidwell asked.</p>
<p>—O, that must be the tuner, Lydia said to Simonlionel first I saw, forgot it when he was here.</p>
<p>Blind he was she told George Lidwell second I saw. And played so exquisitely, treat to hear. Exquisite contrast: bronzelid, minagold.</p>
<p>—Shout! Ben Dollard shouted, pouring. Sing out!</p>
<p>—’lldo! cried Father Cowley.</p>
<p>Rrrrrr.</p>
<p>I feel I want...</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap</p>
<p>—Very, Mr Dedalus said, staring hard at a headless sardine.</p>
<p>Under the sandwichbell lay on a bier of bread one last, one lonely, last sardine of summer. Bloom alone.</p>
<p>—Very, he stared. The lower register, for choice.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Bloom went by Barry’s. Wish I could. Wait. That wonderworker if I had. Twentyfour solicitors in that one house. Counted them. Litigation. Love one another. Piles of parchment. Messrs Pick and Pocket have power of attorney. Goulding, Collis, Ward.</p>
<p>But for example the chap that wallops the big drum. His vocation: Mickey Rooney’s band. Wonder how it first struck him. Sitting at home after pig’s cheek and cabbage nursing it in the armchair. Rehearsing his band part. Pom. Pompedy. Jolly for the wife. Asses’ skins. Welt them through life, then wallop after death. Pom. Wallop. Seems to be what you call yashmak or I mean kismet. Fate.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. A stripling, blind, with a tapping cane came taptaptapping by Daly’s window where a mermaid hair all streaming (but he couldn’t see) blew whiffs of a mermaid (blind couldn’t), mermaid, coolest whiff of all.</p>
<p>Instruments. A blade of grass, shell of her hands, then blow. Even comb and tissuepaper you can knock a tune out of. Molly in her shift in Lombard street west, hair down. I suppose each kind of trade made its own, don’t you see? Hunter with a horn. Haw. Have you the? <em>Cloche. Sonnez la.</em> Shepherd his pipe. Pwee little wee. Policeman a whistle. Locks and keys! Sweep! Four o’clock’s all’s well! Sleep! All is lost now. Drum? Pompedy. Wait. I know. Towncrier, bumbailiff. Long John. Waken the dead. Pom. Dignam. Poor little <em>nominedomine.</em> Pom. It is music. I mean of course it’s all pom pom pom very much what they call <em>da capo.</em> Still you can hear. As we march, we march along, march along. Pom.</p>
<p>I must really. Fff. Now if I did that at a banquet. Just a question of custom shah of Persia. Breathe a prayer, drop a tear. All the same he must have been a bit of a natural not to see it was a yeoman cap. Muffled up. Wonder who was that chap at the grave in the brown macin. O, the whore of the lane!</p>
<p>A frowsy whore with black straw sailor hat askew came glazily in the day along the quay towards Mr Bloom. When first he saw that form endearing? Yes, it is. I feel so lonely. Wet night in the lane. Horn. Who had the? Heehaw shesaw. Off her beat here. What is she? Hope she. Psst! Any chance of your wash. Knew Molly. Had me decked. Stout lady does be with you in the brown costume. Put you off your stroke, that. Appointment we made knowing we’d never, well hardly ever. Too dear too near to home sweet home. Sees me, does she? Looks a fright in the day. Face like dip. Damn her. O, well, she has to live like the rest. Look in here.</p>
<p>In Lionel Marks’s antique saleshop window haughty Henry Lionel Leopold dear Henry Flower earnestly Mr Leopold Bloom envisaged battered candlesticks melodeon oozing maggoty blowbags. Bargain: six bob. Might learn to play. Cheap. Let her pass. Course everything is dear if you don’t want it. That’s what good salesman is. Make you buy what he wants to sell. Chap sold me the Swedish razor he shaved me with. Wanted to charge me for the edge he gave it. She’s passing now. Six bob.</p>
<p>Must be the cider or perhaps the burgund.</p>
<p>Near bronze from anear near gold from afar they chinked their clinking glasses all, brighteyed and gallant, before bronze Lydia’s tempting last rose of summer, rose of Castile. First Lid, De, Cow, Ker, Doll, a fifth: Lidwell, Si Dedalus, Bob Cowley, Kernan and big Ben Dollard.</p>
<p>Tap. A youth entered a lonely Ormond hall.</p>
<p>Bloom viewed a gallant pictured hero in Lionel Marks’s window. Robert Emmet’s last words. Seven last words. Of Meyerbeer that is.</p>
<p>—True men like you men.</p>
<p>—Ay, ay, Ben.</p>
<p>—Will lift your glass with us.</p>
<p>They lifted.</p>
<p>Tschink. Tschunk.</p>
<p>Tip. An unseeing stripling stood in the door. He saw not bronze. He saw not gold. Nor Ben nor Bob nor Tom nor Si nor George nor tanks nor Richie nor Pat. Hee hee hee hee. He did not see.</p>
<p>Seabloom, greaseabloom viewed last words. Softly. <em>When my country takes her place among.</em></p>
<p>Prrprr.</p>
<p>Must be the bur.</p>
<p>Fff! Oo. Rrpr.</p>
<p><em>Nations of the earth.</em> No-one behind. She’s passed. <em>Then and not till then.</em> Tram kran kran kran. Good oppor. Coming. Krandlkrankran. I’m sure it’s the burgund. Yes. One, two. <em>Let my epitaph be.</em> Kraaaaaa. <em>Written. I have.</em></p>
<p>Pprrpffrrppffff.</p>
<p><em>Done.</em></p>
</div>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html_pgepubid00078" class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html_chap12"></span>[ 12 ]</h3>
<p>I was just passing the time of day with old Troy of the D. M. P. at the corner of Arbour hill there and be damned but a bloody sweep came along and he near drove his gear into my eye. I turned around to let him have the weight of my tongue when who should I see dodging along Stony Batter only Joe Hynes.</p>
<p>—Lo, Joe, says I. How are you blowing? Did you see that bloody chimneysweep near shove my eye out with his brush?</p>
<p>—Soot’s luck, says Joe. Who’s the old ballocks you were talking to?</p>
<p>—Old Troy, says I, was in the force. I’m on two minds not to give that fellow in charge for obstructing the thoroughfare with his brooms and ladders.</p>
<p>—What are you doing round those parts? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Devil a much, says I. There’s a bloody big foxy thief beyond by the garrison church at the corner of Chicken lane—old Troy was just giving me a wrinkle about him—lifted any God’s quantity of tea and sugar to pay three bob a week said he had a farm in the county Down off a hop-of-my-thumb by the name of Moses Herzog over there near Heytesbury street.</p>
<p>—Circumcised? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Ay, says I. A bit off the top. An old plumber named Geraghty. I’m hanging on to his taw now for the past fortnight and I can’t get a penny out of him.</p>
<p>—That the lay you’re on now? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Ay, says I. How are the mighty fallen! Collector of bad and doubtful debts. But that’s the most notorious bloody robber you’d meet in a day’s walk and the face on him all pockmarks would hold a shower of rain. <em>Tell him,</em> says he, <em>I dare him,</em> says he, <em>and I doubledare him to send you round here again or if he does,</em> says he, <em>I’ll have him summonsed up before the court, so I will, for trading without a licence.</em> And he after stuffing himself till he’s fit to burst. Jesus, I had to laugh at the little jewy getting his shirt out. <em>He drink me my teas. He eat me my sugars. Because he no pay me my moneys?</em></p>
<p>For nonperishable goods bought of Moses Herzog, of 13 Saint Kevin’s parade in the city of Dublin, Wood quay ward, merchant, hereinafter called the vendor, and sold and delivered to Michael E. Geraghty, esquire, of 29 Arbour hill in the city of Dublin, Arran quay ward, gentleman, hereinafter called the purchaser, videlicet, five pounds avoirdupois of first choice tea at three shillings and no pence per pound avoirdupois and three stone avoirdupois of sugar, crushed crystal, at threepence per pound avoirdupois, the said purchaser debtor to the said vendor of one pound five shillings and sixpence sterling for value received which amount shall be paid by said purchaser to said vendor in weekly instalments every seven calendar days of three shillings and no pence sterling: and the said nonperishable goods shall not be pawned or pledged or sold or otherwise alienated by the said purchaser but shall be and remain and be held to be the sole and exclusive property of the said vendor to be disposed of at his good will and pleasure until the said amount shall have been duly paid by the said purchaser to the said vendor in the manner herein set forth as this day hereby agreed between the said vendor, his heirs, successors, trustees and assigns of the one part and the said purchaser, his heirs, successors, trustees and assigns of the other part.</p>
<p>—Are you a strict t.t.? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Not taking anything between drinks, says I.</p>
<p>—What about paying our respects to our friend? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Who? says I. Sure, he’s out in John of God’s off his head, poor man.</p>
<p>—Drinking his own stuff? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Ay, says I. Whisky and water on the brain.</p>
<p>—Come around to Barney Kiernan’s, says Joe. I want to see the citizen.</p>
<p>—Barney mavourneen’s be it, says I. Anything strange or wonderful, Joe?</p>
<p>—Not a word, says Joe. I was up at that meeting in the City Arms.</p>
<p>—What was that, Joe? says I.</p>
<p>—Cattle traders, says Joe, about the foot and mouth disease. I want to give the citizen the hard word about it.</p>
<p>So we went around by the Linenhall barracks and the back of the courthouse talking of one thing or another. Decent fellow Joe when he has it but sure like that he never has it. Jesus, I couldn’t get over that bloody foxy Geraghty, the daylight robber. For trading without a licence, says he.</p>
<p>In Inisfail the fair there lies a land, the land of holy Michan. There rises a watchtower beheld of men afar. There sleep the mighty dead as in life they slept, warriors and princes of high renown. A pleasant land it is in sooth of murmuring waters, fishful streams where sport the gurnard, the plaice, the roach, the halibut, the gibbed haddock, the grilse, the dab, the brill, the flounder, the pollock, the mixed coarse fish generally and other denizens of the aqueous kingdom too numerous to be enumerated. In the mild breezes of the west and of the east the lofty trees wave in different directions their firstclass foliage, the wafty sycamore, the Lebanonian cedar, the exalted planetree, the eugenic eucalyptus and other ornaments of the arboreal world with which that region is thoroughly well supplied. Lovely maidens sit in close proximity to the roots of the lovely trees singing the most lovely songs while they play with all kinds of lovely objects as for example golden ingots, silvery fishes, crans of herrings, drafts of eels, codlings, creels of fingerlings, purple seagems and playful insects. And heroes voyage from afar to woo them, from Eblana to Slievemargy, the peerless princes of unfettered Munster and of Connacht the just and of smooth sleek Leinster and of Cruachan’s land and of Armagh the splendid and of the noble district of Boyle, princes, the sons of kings.</p>
<p>And there rises a shining palace whose crystal glittering roof is seen by mariners who traverse the extensive sea in barks built expressly for that purpose, and thither come all herds and fatlings and firstfruits of that land for O’Connell Fitzsimon takes toll of them, a chieftain descended from chieftains. Thither the extremely large wains bring foison of the fields, flaskets of cauliflowers, floats of spinach, pineapple chunks, Rangoon beans, strikes of tomatoes, drums of figs, drills of Swedes, spherical potatoes and tallies of iridescent kale, York and Savoy, and trays of onions, pearls of the earth, and punnets of mushrooms and custard marrows and fat vetches and bere and rape and red green yellow brown russet sweet big bitter ripe pomellated apples and chips of strawberries and sieves of gooseberries, pulpy and pelurious, and strawberries fit for princes and raspberries from their canes.</p>
<p>I dare him, says he, and I doubledare him. Come out here, Geraghty, you notorious bloody hill and dale robber!</p>
<p>And by that way wend the herds innumerable of bellwethers and flushed ewes and shearling rams and lambs and stubble geese and medium steers and roaring mares and polled calves and longwools and storesheep and Cuffe’s prime springers and culls and sowpigs and baconhogs and the various different varieties of highly distinguished swine and Angus heifers and polly bullocks of immaculate pedigree together with prime premiated milchcows and beeves: and there is ever heard a trampling, cackling, roaring, lowing, bleating, bellowing, rumbling, grunting, champing, chewing, of sheep and pigs and heavyhooved kine from pasturelands of Lusk and Rush and Carrickmines and from the streamy vales of Thomond, from the M’Gillicuddy’s reeks the inaccessible and lordly Shannon the unfathomable, and from the gentle declivities of the place of the race of Kiar, their udders distended with superabundance of milk and butts of butter and rennets of cheese and farmer’s firkins and targets of lamb and crannocks of corn and oblong eggs in great hundreds, various in size, the agate with this dun.</p>
<p>So we turned into Barney Kiernan’s and there, sure enough, was the citizen up in the corner having a great confab with himself and that bloody mangy mongrel, Garryowen, and he waiting for what the sky would drop in the way of drink.</p>
<p>—There he is, says I, in his gloryhole, with his cruiskeen lawn and his load of papers, working for the cause.</p>
<p>The bloody mongrel let a grouse out of him would give you the creeps. Be a corporal work of mercy if someone would take the life of that bloody dog. I’m told for a fact he ate a good part of the breeches off a constabulary man in Santry that came round one time with a blue paper about a licence.</p>
<p>—Stand and deliver, says he.</p>
<p>—That’s all right, citizen, says Joe. Friends here.</p>
<p>—Pass, friends, says he.</p>
<p>Then he rubs his hand in his eye and says he:</p>
<p>—What’s your opinion of the times?</p>
<p>Doing the rapparee and Rory of the hill. But, begob, Joe was equal to the occasion.</p>
<p>—I think the markets are on a rise, says he, sliding his hand down his fork.</p>
<p>So begob the citizen claps his paw on his knee and he says:</p>
<p>—Foreign wars is the cause of it.</p>
<p>And says Joe, sticking his thumb in his pocket:</p>
<p>—It’s the Russians wish to tyrannise.</p>
<p>—Arrah, give over your bloody codding, Joe, says I. I’ve a thirst on me I wouldn’t sell for half a crown.</p>
<p>—Give it a name, citizen, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Wine of the country, says he.</p>
<p>—What’s yours? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Ditto MacAnaspey, says I.</p>
<p>—Three pints, Terry, says Joe. And how’s the old heart, citizen? says he.</p>
<p>—Never better, <em>a chara</em>, says he. What Garry? Are we going to win? Eh?</p>
<p>And with that he took the bloody old towser by the scruff of the neck and, by Jesus, he near throttled him.</p>
<p>The figure seated on a large boulder at the foot of a round tower was that of a broadshouldered deepchested stronglimbed frankeyed redhaired freelyfreckled shaggybearded widemouthed largenosed longheaded deepvoiced barekneed brawnyhanded hairylegged ruddyfaced sinewyarmed hero. From shoulder to shoulder he measured several ells and his rocklike mountainous knees were covered, as was likewise the rest of his body wherever visible, with a strong growth of tawny prickly hair in hue and toughness similar to the mountain gorse (<em>Ulex Europeus</em>). The widewinged nostrils, from which bristles of the same tawny hue projected, were of such capaciousness that within their cavernous obscurity the fieldlark might easily have lodged her nest. The eyes in which a tear and a smile strove ever for the mastery were of the dimensions of a goodsized cauliflower. A powerful current of warm breath issued at regular intervals from the profound cavity of his mouth while in rhythmic resonance the loud strong hale reverberations of his formidable heart thundered rumblingly causing the ground, the summit of the lofty tower and the still loftier walls of the cave to vibrate and tremble.</p>
<p>He wore a long unsleeved garment of recently flayed oxhide reaching to the knees in a loose kilt and this was bound about his middle by a girdle of plaited straw and rushes. Beneath this he wore trews of deerskin, roughly stitched with gut. His nether extremities were encased in high Balbriggan buskins dyed in lichen purple, the feet being shod with brogues of salted cowhide laced with the windpipe of the same beast. From his girdle hung a row of seastones which jangled at every movement of his portentous frame and on these were graven with rude yet striking art the tribal images of many Irish heroes and heroines of antiquity, Cuchulin, Conn of hundred battles, Niall of nine hostages, Brian of Kincora, the ardri Malachi, Art MacMurragh, Shane O’Neill, Father John Murphy, Owen Roe, Patrick Sarsfield, Red Hugh O’Donnell, Red Jim MacDermott, Soggarth Eoghan O’Growney, Michael Dwyer, Francy Higgins, Henry Joy M’Cracken, Goliath, Horace Wheatley, Thomas Conneff, Peg Woffington, the Village Blacksmith, Captain Moonlight, Captain Boycott, Dante Alighieri, Christopher Columbus, S. Fursa, S. Brendan, Marshal MacMahon, Charlemagne, Theobald Wolfe Tone, the Mother of the Maccabees, the Last of the Mohicans, the Rose of Castile, the Man for Galway, The Man that Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo, The Man in the Gap, The Woman Who Didn’t, Benjamin Franklin, Napoleon Bonaparte, John L. Sullivan, Cleopatra, Savourneen Deelish, Julius Caesar, Paracelsus, sir Thomas Lipton, William Tell, Michelangelo Hayes, Muhammad, the Bride of Lammermoor, Peter the Hermit, Peter the Packer, Dark Rosaleen, Patrick W. Shakespeare, Brian Confucius, Murtagh Gutenberg, Patricio Velasquez, Captain Nemo, Tristan and Isolde, the first Prince of Wales, Thomas Cook and Son, the Bold Soldier Boy, Arrah na Pogue, Dick Turpin, Ludwig Beethoven, the Colleen Bawn, Waddler Healy, Angus the Culdee, Dolly Mount, Sidney Parade, Ben Howth, Valentine Greatrakes, Adam and Eve, Arthur Wellesley, Boss Croker, Herodotus, Jack the Giantkiller, Gautama Buddha, Lady Godiva, The Lily of Killarney, Balor of the Evil Eye, the Queen of Sheba, Acky Nagle, Joe Nagle, Alessandro Volta, Jeremiah O’Donovan Rossa, Don Philip O’Sullivan Beare. A couched spear of acuminated granite rested by him while at his feet reposed a savage animal of the canine tribe whose stertorous gasps announced that he was sunk in uneasy slumber, a supposition confirmed by hoarse growls and spasmodic movements which his master repressed from time to time by tranquilising blows of a mighty cudgel rudely fashioned out of paleolithic stone.</p>
<p>So anyhow Terry brought the three pints Joe was standing and begob the sight nearly left my eyes when I saw him land out a quid. O, as true as I’m telling you. A goodlooking sovereign.</p>
<p>—And there’s more where that came from, says he.</p>
<p>—Were you robbing the poorbox, Joe? says I.</p>
<p>—Sweat of my brow, says Joe. ’Twas the prudent member gave me the wheeze.</p>
<p>—I saw him before I met you, says I, sloping around by Pill lane and Greek street with his cod’s eye counting up all the guts of the fish.</p>
<p>Who comes through Michan’s land, bedight in sable armour? O’Bloom, the son of Rory: it is he. Impervious to fear is Rory’s son: he of the prudent soul.</p>
<p>—For the old woman of Prince’s street, says the citizen, the subsidised organ. The pledgebound party on the floor of the house. And look at this blasted rag, says he. Look at this, says he. <em>The Irish Independent,</em> if you please, founded by Parnell to be the workingman’s friend. Listen to the births and deaths in the <em>Irish all for Ireland Independent,</em> and I’ll thank you and the marriages.</p>
<p>And he starts reading them out:</p>
<p>—Gordon, Barnfield crescent, Exeter; Redmayne of Iffley, Saint Anne’s on Sea: the wife of William T Redmayne of a son. How’s that, eh? Wright and Flint, Vincent and Gillett to Rotha Marion daughter of Rosa and the late George Alfred Gillett, 179 Clapham road, Stockwell, Playwood and Ridsdale at Saint Jude’s, Kensington by the very reverend Dr Forrest, dean of Worcester. Eh? Deaths. Bristow, at Whitehall lane, London: Carr, Stoke Newington, of gastritis and heart disease: Cockburn, at the Moat house, Chepstow...</p>
<p>—I know that fellow, says Joe, from bitter experience.</p>
<p>—Cockburn. Dimsey, wife of David Dimsey, late of the admiralty: Miller, Tottenham, aged eightyfive: Welsh, June 12, at 35 Canning street, Liverpool, Isabella Helen. How’s that for a national press, eh, my brown son! How’s that for Martin Murphy, the Bantry jobber?</p>
<p>—Ah, well, says Joe, handing round the boose. Thanks be to God they had the start of us. Drink that, citizen.</p>
<p>—I will, says he, honourable person.</p>
<p>—Health, Joe, says I. And all down the form.</p>
<p>Ah! Ow! Don’t be talking! I was blue mouldy for the want of that pint. Declare to God I could hear it hit the pit of my stomach with a click.</p>
<p>And lo, as they quaffed their cup of joy, a godlike messenger came swiftly in, radiant as the eye of heaven, a comely youth and behind him there passed an elder of noble gait and countenance, bearing the sacred scrolls of law and with him his lady wife a dame of peerless lineage, fairest of her race.</p>
<p>Little Alf Bergan popped in round the door and hid behind Barney’s snug, squeezed up with the laughing. And who was sitting up there in the corner that I hadn’t seen snoring drunk blind to the world only Bob Doran. I didn’t know what was up and Alf kept making signs out of the door. And begob what was it only that bloody old pantaloon Denis Breen in his bathslippers with two bloody big books tucked under his oxter and the wife hotfoot after him, unfortunate wretched woman, trotting like a poodle. I thought Alf would split.</p>
<p>—Look at him, says he. Breen. He’s traipsing all round Dublin with a postcard someone sent him with U. p: up on it to take a li...</p>
<p>And he doubled up.</p>
<p>—Take a what? says I.</p>
<p>—Libel action, says he, for ten thousand pounds.</p>
<p>—O hell! says I.</p>
<p>The bloody mongrel began to growl that’d put the fear of God in you seeing something was up but the citizen gave him a kick in the ribs.</p>
<p><em>—Bi i dho husht,</em> says he.</p>
<p>—Who? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Breen, says Alf. He was in John Henry Menton’s and then he went round to Collis and Ward’s and then Tom Rochford met him and sent him round to the subsheriff’s for a lark. O God, I’ve a pain laughing. U. p: up. The long fellow gave him an eye as good as a process and now the bloody old lunatic is gone round to Green street to look for a G man.</p>
<p>—When is long John going to hang that fellow in Mountjoy? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Bergan, says Bob Doran, waking up. Is that Alf Bergan?</p>
<p>—Yes, says Alf. Hanging? Wait till I show you. Here, Terry, give us a pony. That bloody old fool! Ten thousand pounds. You should have seen long John’s eye. U. p ....</p>
<p>And he started laughing.</p>
<p>—Who are you laughing at? says Bob Doran. Is that Bergan?</p>
<p>—Hurry up, Terry boy, says Alf.</p>
<p>Terence O’Ryan heard him and straightway brought him a crystal cup full of the foamy ebon ale which the noble twin brothers Bungiveagh and Bungardilaun brew ever in their divine alevats, cunning as the sons of deathless Leda. For they garner the succulent berries of the hop and mass and sift and bruise and brew them and they mix therewith sour juices and bring the must to the sacred fire and cease not night or day from their toil, those cunning brothers, lords of the vat.</p>
<p>Then did you, chivalrous Terence, hand forth, as to the manner born, that nectarous beverage and you offered the crystal cup to him that thirsted, the soul of chivalry, in beauty akin to the immortals.</p>
<p>But he, the young chief of the O’Bergan’s, could ill brook to be outdone in generous deeds but gave therefor with gracious gesture a testoon of costliest bronze. Thereon embossed in excellent smithwork was seen the image of a queen of regal port, scion of the house of Brunswick, Victoria her name, Her Most Excellent Majesty, by grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British dominions beyond the sea, queen, defender of the faith, Empress of India, even she, who bore rule, a victress over many peoples, the wellbeloved, for they knew and loved her from the rising of the sun to the going down thereof, the pale, the dark, the ruddy and the ethiop.</p>
<p>—What’s that bloody freemason doing, says the citizen, prowling up and down outside?</p>
<p>—What’s that? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Here you are, says Alf, chucking out the rhino. Talking about hanging, I’ll show you something you never saw. Hangmen’s letters. Look at here.</p>
<p>So he took a bundle of wisps of letters and envelopes out of his pocket.</p>
<p>—Are you codding? says I.</p>
<p>—Honest injun, says Alf. Read them.</p>
<p>So Joe took up the letters.</p>
<p>—Who are you laughing at? says Bob Doran.</p>
<p>So I saw there was going to be a bit of a dust. Bob’s a queer chap when the porter’s up in him so says I just to make talk:</p>
<p>—How’s Willy Murray those times, Alf?</p>
<p>—I don’t know, says Alf. I saw him just now in Capel street with Paddy Dignam. Only I was running after that...</p>
<p>—You what? says Joe, throwing down the letters. With who?</p>
<p>—With Dignam, says Alf.</p>
<p>—Is it Paddy? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Yes, says Alf. Why?</p>
<p>—Don’t you know he’s dead? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Paddy Dignam dead! says Alf.</p>
<p>—Ay, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Sure I’m after seeing him not five minutes ago, says Alf, as plain as a pikestaff.</p>
<p>—Who’s dead? says Bob Doran.</p>
<p>—You saw his ghost then, says Joe, God between us and harm.</p>
<p>—What? says Alf. Good Christ, only five... What?... And Willy Murray with him, the two of them there near whatdoyoucallhim’s... What? Dignam dead?</p>
<p>—What about Dignam? says Bob Doran. Who’s talking about...?</p>
<p>—Dead! says Alf. He’s no more dead than you are.</p>
<p>—Maybe so, says Joe. They took the liberty of burying him this morning anyhow.</p>
<p>—Paddy? says Alf.</p>
<p>—Ay, says Joe. He paid the debt of nature, God be merciful to him.</p>
<p>—Good Christ! says Alf.</p>
<p>Begob he was what you might call flabbergasted.</p>
<p>In the darkness spirit hands were felt to flutter and when prayer by tantras had been directed to the proper quarter a faint but increasing luminosity of ruby light became gradually visible, the apparition of the etheric double being particularly lifelike owing to the discharge of jivic rays from the crown of the head and face. Communication was effected through the pituitary body and also by means of the orangefiery and scarlet rays emanating from the sacral region and solar plexus. Questioned by his earthname as to his whereabouts in the heavenworld he stated that he was now on the path of prālāyā or return but was still submitted to trial at the hands of certain bloodthirsty entities on the lower astral levels. In reply to a question as to his first sensations in the great divide beyond he stated that previously he had seen as in a glass darkly but that those who had passed over had summit possibilities of atmic development opened up to them. Interrogated as to whether life there resembled our experience in the flesh he stated that he had heard from more favoured beings now in the spirit that their abodes were equipped with every modern home comfort such as tālāfānā, ālāvātār, hātākāldā, wātāklāsāt and that the highest adepts were steeped in waves of volupcy of the very purest nature. Having requested a quart of buttermilk this was brought and evidently afforded relief. Asked if he had any message for the living he exhorted all who were still at the wrong side of Māyā to acknowledge the true path for it was reported in devanic circles that Mars and Jupiter were out for mischief on the eastern angle where the ram has power. It was then queried whether there were any special desires on the part of the defunct and the reply was: <em>We greet you, friends of earth, who are still in the body. Mind C. K. doesn’t pile it on.</em> It was ascertained that the reference was to Mr Cornelius Kelleher, manager of Messrs H. J. O’Neill’s popular funeral establishment, a personal friend of the defunct, who had been responsible for the carrying out of the interment arrangements. Before departing he requested that it should be told to his dear son Patsy that the other boot which he had been looking for was at present under the commode in the return room and that the pair should be sent to Cullen’s to be soled only as the heels were still good. He stated that this had greatly perturbed his peace of mind in the other region and earnestly requested that his desire should be made known.</p>
<p>Assurances were given that the matter would be attended to and it was intimated that this had given satisfaction.</p>
<p>He is gone from mortal haunts: O’Dignam, sun of our morning. Fleet was his foot on the bracken: Patrick of the beamy brow. Wail, Banba, with your wind: and wail, O ocean, with your whirlwind.</p>
<p>—There he is again, says the citizen, staring out.</p>
<p>—Who? says I.</p>
<p>—Bloom, says he. He’s on point duty up and down there for the last ten minutes.</p>
<p>And, begob, I saw his physog do a peep in and then slidder off again.</p>
<p>Little Alf was knocked bawways. Faith, he was.</p>
<p>—Good Christ! says he. I could have sworn it was him.</p>
<p>And says Bob Doran, with the hat on the back of his poll, lowest blackguard in Dublin when he’s under the influence:</p>
<p>—Who said Christ is good?</p>
<p>—I beg your parsnips, says Alf.</p>
<p>—Is that a good Christ, says Bob Doran, to take away poor little Willy Dignam?</p>
<p>—Ah, well, says Alf, trying to pass it off. He’s over all his troubles.</p>
<p>But Bob Doran shouts out of him.</p>
<p>—He’s a bloody ruffian, I say, to take away poor little Willy Dignam.</p>
<p>Terry came down and tipped him the wink to keep quiet, that they didn’t want that kind of talk in a respectable licensed premises. And Bob Doran starts doing the weeps about Paddy Dignam, true as you’re there.</p>
<p>—The finest man, says he, snivelling, the finest purest character.</p>
<p>The tear is bloody near your eye. Talking through his bloody hat. Fitter for him go home to the little sleepwalking bitch he married, Mooney, the bumbailiff’s daughter, mother kept a kip in Hardwicke street, that used to be stravaging about the landings Bantam Lyons told me that was stopping there at two in the morning without a stitch on her, exposing her person, open to all comers, fair field and no favour.</p>
<p>—The noblest, the truest, says he. And he’s gone, poor little Willy, poor little Paddy Dignam.</p>
<p>And mournful and with a heavy heart he bewept the extinction of that beam of heaven.</p>
<p>Old Garryowen started growling again at Bloom that was skeezing round the door.</p>
<p>—Come in, come on, he won’t eat you, says the citizen.</p>
<p>So Bloom slopes in with his cod’s eye on the dog and he asks Terry was Martin Cunningham there.</p>
<p>—O, Christ M’Keown, says Joe, reading one of the letters. Listen to this, will you?</p>
<p>And he starts reading out one.</p>
<p><em>7 Hunter Street,<br />
Liverpool.</em></p>
<p><em>To the High Sheriff of Dublin,<br />
            Dublin.</em></p>
<p><em>Honoured sir i beg to offer my services in the abovementioned painful case i hanged Joe Gann in Bootle jail on the 12 of Febuary 1900 and i hanged...</em></p>
<p>—Show us, Joe, says I.</p>
<p>—<em>... private Arthur Chace for fowl murder of Jessie Tilsit in Pentonville prison and i was assistant when...</em></p>
<p>—Jesus, says I.</p>
<p>—<em>... Billington executed the awful murderer Toad Smith...</em></p>
<p>The citizen made a grab at the letter.</p>
<p>—Hold hard, says Joe, <em>i have a special nack of putting the noose once in he can’t get out hoping to be favoured i remain, honoured sir, my terms is five ginnees.</em></p>
<p><em>H. Rumbold,<br />
            Master Barber.</em></p>
<p>—And a barbarous bloody barbarian he is too, says the citizen.</p>
<p>—And the dirty scrawl of the wretch, says Joe. Here, says he, take them to hell out of my sight, Alf. Hello, Bloom, says he, what will you have?</p>
<p>So they started arguing about the point, Bloom saying he wouldn’t and he couldn’t and excuse him no offence and all to that and then he said well he’d just take a cigar. Gob, he’s a prudent member and no mistake.</p>
<p>—Give us one of your prime stinkers, Terry, says Joe.</p>
<p>And Alf was telling us there was one chap sent in a mourning card with a black border round it.</p>
<p>—They’re all barbers, says he, from the black country that would hang their own fathers for five quid down and travelling expenses.</p>
<p>And he was telling us there’s two fellows waiting below to pull his heels down when he gets the drop and choke him properly and then they chop up the rope after and sell the bits for a few bob a skull.</p>
<p>In the dark land they bide, the vengeful knights of the razor. Their deadly coil they grasp: yea, and therein they lead to Erebus whatsoever wight hath done a deed of blood for I will on nowise suffer it even so saith the Lord.</p>
<p>So they started talking about capital punishment and of course Bloom comes out with the why and the wherefore and all the codology of the business and the old dog smelling him all the time I’m told those jewies does have a sort of a queer odour coming off them for dogs about I don’t know what all deterrent effect and so forth and so on.</p>
<p>—There’s one thing it hasn’t a deterrent effect on, says Alf.</p>
<p>—What’s that? says Joe.</p>
<p>—The poor bugger’s tool that’s being hanged, says Alf.</p>
<p>—That so? says Joe.</p>
<p>—God’s truth, says Alf. I heard that from the head warder that was in Kilmainham when they hanged Joe Brady, the invincible. He told me when they cut him down after the drop it was standing up in their faces like a poker.</p>
<p>—Ruling passion strong in death, says Joe, as someone said.</p>
<p>—That can be explained by science, says Bloom. It’s only a natural phenomenon, don’t you see, because on account of the...</p>
<p>And then he starts with his jawbreakers about phenomenon and science and this phenomenon and the other phenomenon.</p>
<p>The distinguished scientist Herr Professor Luitpold Blumenduft tendered medical evidence to the effect that the instantaneous fracture of the cervical vertebrae and consequent scission of the spinal cord would, according to the best approved tradition of medical science, be calculated to inevitably produce in the human subject a violent ganglionic stimulus of the nerve centres of the genital apparatus, thereby causing the elastic pores of the <em>corpora cavernosa</em> to rapidly dilate in such a way as to instantaneously facilitate the flow of blood to that part of the human anatomy known as the penis or male organ resulting in the phenomenon which has been denominated by the faculty a morbid upwards and outwards philoprogenitive erection <em>in articulo mortis per diminutionem capitis.</em></p>
<p>So of course the citizen was only waiting for the wink of the word and he starts gassing out of him about the invincibles and the old guard and the men of sixtyseven and who fears to speak of ninetyeight and Joe with him about all the fellows that were hanged, drawn and transported for the cause by drumhead courtmartial and a new Ireland and new this, that and the other. Talking about new Ireland he ought to go and get a new dog so he ought. Mangy ravenous brute sniffing and sneezing all round the place and scratching his scabs. And round he goes to Bob Doran that was standing Alf a half one sucking up for what he could get. So of course Bob Doran starts doing the bloody fool with him:</p>
<p>—Give us the paw! Give the paw, doggy! Good old doggy! Give the paw here! Give us the paw!</p>
<p>Arrah, bloody end to the paw he’d paw and Alf trying to keep him from tumbling off the bloody stool atop of the bloody old dog and he talking all kinds of drivel about training by kindness and thoroughbred dog and intelligent dog: give you the bloody pip. Then he starts scraping a few bits of old biscuit out of the bottom of a Jacobs’ tin he told Terry to bring. Gob, he golloped it down like old boots and his tongue hanging out of him a yard long for more. Near ate the tin and all, hungry bloody mongrel.</p>
<p>And the citizen and Bloom having an argument about the point, the brothers Sheares and Wolfe Tone beyond on Arbour Hill and Robert Emmet and die for your country, the Tommy Moore touch about Sara Curran and she’s far from the land. And Bloom, of course, with his knockmedown cigar putting on swank with his lardy face. Phenomenon! The fat heap he married is a nice old phenomenon with a back on her like a ballalley. Time they were stopping up in the <em>City Arms</em> pisser Burke told me there was an old one there with a cracked loodheramaun of a nephew and Bloom trying to get the soft side of her doing the mollycoddle playing bézique to come in for a bit of the wampum in her will and not eating meat of a Friday because the old one was always thumping her craw and taking the lout out for a walk. And one time he led him the rounds of Dublin and, by the holy farmer, he never cried crack till he brought him home as drunk as a boiled owl and he said he did it to teach him the evils of alcohol and by herrings, if the three women didn’t near roast him, it’s a queer story, the old one, Bloom’s wife and Mrs O’Dowd that kept the hotel. Jesus, I had to laugh at pisser Burke taking them off chewing the fat. And Bloom with his <em>but don’t you see?</em> and <em>but on the other hand</em>. And sure, more be token, the lout I’m told was in Power’s after, the blender’s, round in Cope street going home footless in a cab five times in the week after drinking his way through all the samples in the bloody establishment. Phenomenon!</p>
<p>—The memory of the dead, says the citizen taking up his pintglass and glaring at Bloom.</p>
<p>—Ay, ay, says Joe.</p>
<p>—You don’t grasp my point, says Bloom. What I mean is...</p>
<p>—<em>Sinn Fein!</em> says the citizen. <em>Sinn Fein amhain!</em> The friends we love are by our side and the foes we hate before us.</p>
<p>The last farewell was affecting in the extreme. From the belfries far and near the funereal deathbell tolled unceasingly while all around the gloomy precincts rolled the ominous warning of a hundred muffled drums punctuated by the hollow booming of pieces of ordnance. The deafening claps of thunder and the dazzling flashes of lightning which lit up the ghastly scene testified that the artillery of heaven had lent its supernatural pomp to the already gruesome spectacle. A torrential rain poured down from the floodgates of the angry heavens upon the bared heads of the assembled multitude which numbered at the lowest computation five hundred thousand persons. A posse of Dublin Metropolitan police superintended by the Chief Commissioner in person maintained order in the vast throng for whom the York street brass and reed band whiled away the intervening time by admirably rendering on their blackdraped instruments the matchless melody endeared to us from the cradle by Speranza’s plaintive muse. Special quick excursion trains and upholstered charabancs had been provided for the comfort of our country cousins of whom there were large contingents. Considerable amusement was caused by the favourite Dublin streetsingers L-n-h-n and M-ll-g-n who sang <em>The Night before Larry was stretched</em> in their usual mirth-provoking fashion. Our two inimitable drolls did a roaring trade with their broadsheets among lovers of the comedy element and nobody who has a corner in his heart for real Irish fun without vulgarity will grudge them their hardearned pennies. The children of the Male and Female Foundling Hospital who thronged the windows overlooking the scene were delighted with this unexpected addition to the day’s entertainment and a word of praise is due to the Little Sisters of the Poor for their excellent idea of affording the poor fatherless and motherless children a genuinely instructive treat. The viceregal houseparty which included many wellknown ladies was chaperoned by Their Excellencies to the most favourable positions on the grandstand while the picturesque foreign delegation known as the Friends of the Emerald Isle was accommodated on a tribune directly opposite. The delegation, present in full force, consisted of Commendatore Bacibaci Beninobenone (the semiparalysed <em>doyen</em> of the party who had to be assisted to his seat by the aid of a powerful steam crane), Monsieur Pierrepaul Petitépatant, the Grandjoker Vladinmire Pokethankertscheff, the Archjoker Leopold Rudolph von Schwanzenbad-Hodenthaler, Countess Marha Virága Kisászony Putrápesthi, Hiram Y. Bomboost, Count Athanatos Karamelopulos, Ali Baba Backsheesh Rahat Lokum Effendi, Señor Hidalgo Caballero Don Pecadillo y Palabras y Paternoster de la Malora de la Malaria, Hokopoko Harakiri, Hi Hung Chang, Olaf Kobberkeddelsen, Mynheer Trik van Trumps, Pan Poleaxe Paddyrisky, Goosepond Prhklstr Kratchinabritchisitch, Borus Hupinkoff, Herr Hurhausdirektorpresident Hans Chuechli-Steuerli, Nationalgymnasiummuseumsanatoriumandsuspensoriumsordinaryprivatdocentgeneralhistoryspecialprofessordoctor Kriegfried Ueberallgemein. All the delegates without exception expressed themselves in the strongest possible heterogeneous terms concerning the nameless barbarity which they had been called upon to witness. An animated altercation (in which all took part) ensued among the F. O. T. E. I. as to whether the eighth or the ninth of March was the correct date of the birth of Ireland’s patron saint. In the course of the argument cannonballs, scimitars, boomerangs, blunderbusses, stinkpots, meatchoppers, umbrellas, catapults, knuckledusters, sandbags, lumps of pig iron were resorted to and blows were freely exchanged. The baby policeman, Constable MacFadden, summoned by special courier from Booterstown, quickly restored order and with lightning promptitude proposed the seventeenth of the month as a solution equally honourable for both contending parties. The readywitted ninefooter’s suggestion at once appealed to all and was unanimously accepted. Constable MacFadden was heartily congratulated by all the F. O. T. E. I., several of whom were bleeding profusely. Commendatore Beninobenone having been extricated from underneath the presidential armchair, it was explained by his legal adviser Avvocato Pagamimi that the various articles secreted in his thirtytwo pockets had been abstracted by him during the affray from the pockets of his junior colleagues in the hope of bringing them to their senses. The objects (which included several hundred ladies’ and gentlemen’s gold and silver watches) were promptly restored to their rightful owners and general harmony reigned supreme.</p>
<p>Quietly, unassumingly Rumbold stepped on to the scaffold in faultless morning dress and wearing his favourite flower, the <em>Gladiolus Cruentus</em>. He announced his presence by that gentle Rumboldian cough which so many have tried (unsuccessfully) to imitate—short, painstaking yet withal so characteristic of the man. The arrival of the worldrenowned headsman was greeted by a roar of acclamation from the huge concourse, the viceregal ladies waving their handkerchiefs in their excitement while the even more excitable foreign delegates cheered vociferously in a medley of cries, <em>hoch, banzai, eljen, zivio, chinchin, polla kronia, hiphip, vive, Allah</em>, amid which the ringing <em>evviva</em> of the delegate of the land of song (a high double F recalling those piercingly lovely notes with which the eunuch Catalani beglamoured our greatgreatgrandmothers) was easily distinguishable. It was exactly seventeen o’clock. The signal for prayer was then promptly given by megaphone and in an instant all heads were bared, the commendatore’s patriarchal sombrero, which has been in the possession of his family since the revolution of Rienzi, being removed by his medical adviser in attendance, Dr Pippi. The learned prelate who administered the last comforts of holy religion to the hero martyr when about to pay the death penalty knelt in a most christian spirit in a pool of rainwater, his cassock above his hoary head, and offered up to the throne of grace fervent prayers of supplication. Hard by the block stood the grim figure of the executioner, his visage being concealed in a tengallon pot with two circular perforated apertures through which his eyes glowered furiously. As he awaited the fatal signal he tested the edge of his horrible weapon by honing it upon his brawny forearm or decapitated in rapid succession a flock of sheep which had been provided by the admirers of his fell but necessary office. On a handsome mahogany table near him were neatly arranged the quartering knife, the various finely tempered disembowelling appliances (specially supplied by the worldfamous firm of cutlers, Messrs John Round and Sons, Sheffield), a terra cotta saucepan for the reception of the duodenum, colon, blind intestine and appendix etc when successfully extracted and two commodious milkjugs destined to receive the most precious blood of the most precious victim. The housesteward of the amalgamated cats’ and dogs’ home was in attendance to convey these vessels when replenished to that beneficent institution. Quite an excellent repast consisting of rashers and eggs, fried steak and onions, done to a nicety, delicious hot breakfast rolls and invigorating tea had been considerately provided by the authorities for the consumption of the central figure of the tragedy who was in capital spirits when prepared for death and evinced the keenest interest in the proceedings from beginning to end but he, with an abnegation rare in these our times, rose nobly to the occasion and expressed the dying wish (immediately acceded to) that the meal should be divided in aliquot parts among the members of the sick and indigent roomkeepers’ association as a token of his regard and esteem. The <em>nec</em> and <em>non plus ultra</em> of emotion were reached when the blushing bride elect burst her way through the serried ranks of the bystanders and flung herself upon the muscular bosom of him who was about to be launched into eternity for her sake. The hero folded her willowy form in a loving embrace murmuring fondly <em>Sheila, my own</em>. Encouraged by this use of her christian name she kissed passionately all the various suitable areas of his person which the decencies of prison garb permitted her ardour to reach. She swore to him as they mingled the salt streams of their tears that she would ever cherish his memory, that she would never forget her hero boy who went to his death with a song on his lips as if he were but going to a hurling match in Clonturk park. She brought back to his recollection the happy days of blissful childhood together on the banks of Anna Liffey when they had indulged in the innocent pastimes of the young and, oblivious of the dreadful present, they both laughed heartily, all the spectators, including the venerable pastor, joining in the general merriment. That monster audience simply rocked with delight. But anon they were overcome with grief and clasped their hands for the last time. A fresh torrent of tears burst from their lachrymal ducts and the vast concourse of people, touched to the inmost core, broke into heartrending sobs, not the least affected being the aged prebendary himself. Big strong men, officers of the peace and genial giants of the royal Irish constabulary, were making frank use of their handkerchiefs and it is safe to say that there was not a dry eye in that record assemblage. A most romantic incident occurred when a handsome young Oxford graduate, noted for his chivalry towards the fair sex, stepped forward and, presenting his visiting card, bankbook and genealogical tree, solicited the hand of the hapless young lady, requesting her to name the day, and was accepted on the spot. Every lady in the audience was presented with a tasteful souvenir of the occasion in the shape of a skull and crossbones brooch, a timely and generous act which evoked a fresh outburst of emotion: and when the gallant young Oxonian (the bearer, by the way, of one of the most timehonoured names in Albion’s history) placed on the finger of his blushing <em>fiancée</em> an expensive engagement ring with emeralds set in the form of a fourleaved shamrock the excitement knew no bounds. Nay, even the stern provostmarshal, lieutenantcolonel Tomkin-Maxwell ffrenchmullan Tomlinson, who presided on the sad occasion, he who had blown a considerable number of sepoys from the cannonmouth without flinching, could not now restrain his natural emotion. With his mailed gauntlet he brushed away a furtive tear and was overheard, by those privileged burghers who happened to be in his immediate <em>entourage,</em> to murmur to himself in a faltering undertone:</p>
<p>—God blimey if she aint a clinker, that there bleeding tart. Blimey it makes me kind of bleeding cry, straight, it does, when I sees her cause I thinks of my old mashtub what’s waiting for me down Limehouse way.</p>
<p>So then the citizen begins talking about the Irish language and the corporation meeting and all to that and the shoneens that can’t speak their own language and Joe chipping in because he stuck someone for a quid and Bloom putting in his old goo with his twopenny stump that he cadged off of Joe and talking about the Gaelic league and the antitreating league and drink, the curse of Ireland. Antitreating is about the size of it. Gob, he’d let you pour all manner of drink down his throat till the Lord would call him before you’d ever see the froth of his pint. And one night I went in with a fellow into one of their musical evenings, song and dance about she could get up on a truss of hay she could my Maureen Lay and there was a fellow with a Ballyhooly blue ribbon badge spiffing out of him in Irish and a lot of colleen bawns going about with temperance beverages and selling medals and oranges and lemonade and a few old dry buns, gob, flahoolagh entertainment, don’t be talking. Ireland sober is Ireland free. And then an old fellow starts blowing into his bagpipes and all the gougers shuffling their feet to the tune the old cow died of. And one or two sky pilots having an eye around that there was no goings on with the females, hitting below the belt.</p>
<p>So howandever, as I was saying, the old dog seeing the tin was empty starts mousing around by Joe and me. I’d train him by kindness, so I would, if he was my dog. Give him a rousing fine kick now and again where it wouldn’t blind him.</p>
<p>—Afraid he’ll bite you? says the citizen, jeering.</p>
<p>—No, says I. But he might take my leg for a lamppost.</p>
<p>So he calls the old dog over.</p>
<p>—What’s on you, Garry? says he.</p>
<p>Then he starts hauling and mauling and talking to him in Irish and the old towser growling, letting on to answer, like a duet in the opera. Such growling you never heard as they let off between them. Someone that has nothing better to do ought to write a letter <em>pro bono publico</em> to the papers about the muzzling order for a dog the like of that. Growling and grousing and his eye all bloodshot from the drouth is in it and the hydrophobia dropping out of his jaws.</p>
<p>All those who are interested in the spread of human culture among the lower animals (and their name is legion) should make a point of not missing the really marvellous exhibition of cynanthropy given by the famous old Irish red setter wolfdog formerly known by the <em>sobriquet</em> of Garryowen and recently rechristened by his large circle of friends and acquaintances Owen Garry. The exhibition, which is the result of years of training by kindness and a carefully thoughtout dietary system, comprises, among other achievements, the recitation of verse. Our greatest living phonetic expert (wild horses shall not drag it from us!) has left no stone unturned in his efforts to delucidate and compare the verse recited and has found it bears a <em>striking</em> resemblance (the italics are ours) to the ranns of ancient Celtic bards. We are not speaking so much of those delightful lovesongs with which the writer who conceals his identity under the graceful pseudonym of the Little Sweet Branch has familiarised the bookloving world but rather (as a contributor D. O. C. points out in an interesting communication published by an evening contemporary) of the harsher and more personal note which is found in the satirical effusions of the famous Raftery and of Donal MacConsidine to say nothing of a more modern lyrist at present very much in the public eye. We subjoin a specimen which has been rendered into English by an eminent scholar whose name for the moment we are not at liberty to disclose though we believe that our readers will find the topical allusion rather more than an indication. The metrical system of the canine original, which recalls the intricate alliterative and isosyllabic rules of the Welsh englyn, is infinitely more complicated but we believe our readers will agree that the spirit has been well caught. Perhaps it should be added that the effect is greatly increased if Owen’s verse be spoken somewhat slowly and indistinctly in a tone suggestive of suppressed rancour.</p>
<p>The curse of my curses<br />
Seven days every day<br />
And seven dry Thursdays<br />
On you, Barney Kiernan,<br />
Has no sup of water<br />
To cool my courage,<br />
And my guts red roaring<br />
After Lowry’s lights.</p>
<p>So he told Terry to bring some water for the dog and, gob, you could hear him lapping it up a mile off. And Joe asked him would he have another.</p>
<p>—I will, says he, <em>a chara</em>, to show there’s no ill feeling.</p>
<p>Gob, he’s not as green as he’s cabbagelooking. Arsing around from one pub to another, leaving it to your own honour, with old Giltrap’s dog and getting fed up by the ratepayers and corporators. Entertainment for man and beast. And says Joe:</p>
<p>—Could you make a hole in another pint?</p>
<p>—Could a swim duck? says I.</p>
<p>—Same again, Terry, says Joe. Are you sure you won’t have anything in the way of liquid refreshment? says he.</p>
<p>—Thank you, no, says Bloom. As a matter of fact I just wanted to meet Martin Cunningham, don’t you see, about this insurance of poor Dignam’s. Martin asked me to go to the house. You see, he, Dignam, I mean, didn’t serve any notice of the assignment on the company at the time and nominally under the act the mortgagee can’t recover on the policy.</p>
<p>—Holy Wars, says Joe, laughing, that’s a good one if old Shylock is landed. So the wife comes out top dog, what?</p>
<p>—Well, that’s a point, says Bloom, for the wife’s admirers.</p>
<p>—Whose admirers? says Joe.</p>
<p>—The wife’s advisers, I mean, says Bloom.</p>
<p>Then he starts all confused mucking it up about mortgagor under the act like the lord chancellor giving it out on the bench and for the benefit of the wife and that a trust is created but on the other hand that Dignam owed Bridgeman the money and if now the wife or the widow contested the mortgagee’s right till he near had the head of me addled with his mortgagor under the act. He was bloody safe he wasn’t run in himself under the act that time as a rogue and vagabond only he had a friend in court. Selling bazaar tickets or what do you call it royal Hungarian privileged lottery. True as you’re there. O, commend me to an israelite! Royal and privileged Hungarian robbery.</p>
<p>So Bob Doran comes lurching around asking Bloom to tell Mrs Dignam he was sorry for her trouble and he was very sorry about the funeral and to tell her that he said and everyone who knew him said that there was never a truer, a finer than poor little Willy that’s dead to tell her. Choking with bloody foolery. And shaking Bloom’s hand doing the tragic to tell her that. Shake hands, brother. You’re a rogue and I’m another.</p>
<p>—Let me, said he, so far presume upon our acquaintance which, however slight it may appear if judged by the standard of mere time, is founded, as I hope and believe, on a sentiment of mutual esteem as to request of you this favour. But, should I have overstepped the limits of reserve let the sincerity of my feelings be the excuse for my boldness.</p>
<p>—No, rejoined the other, I appreciate to the full the motives which actuate your conduct and I shall discharge the office you entrust to me consoled by the reflection that, though the errand be one of sorrow, this proof of your confidence sweetens in some measure the bitterness of the cup.</p>
<p>—Then suffer me to take your hand, said he. The goodness of your heart, I feel sure, will dictate to you better than my inadequate words the expressions which are most suitable to convey an emotion whose poignancy, were I to give vent to my feelings, would deprive me even of speech.</p>
<p>And off with him and out trying to walk straight. Boosed at five o’clock. Night he was near being lagged only Paddy Leonard knew the bobby, 14A. Blind to the world up in a shebeen in Bride street after closing time, fornicating with two shawls and a bully on guard, drinking porter out of teacups. And calling himself a Frenchy for the shawls, Joseph Manuo, and talking against the Catholic religion, and he serving mass in Adam and Eve’s when he was young with his eyes shut, who wrote the new testament, and the old testament, and hugging and smugging. And the two shawls killed with the laughing, picking his pockets, the bloody fool and he spilling the porter all over the bed and the two shawls screeching laughing at one another. <em>How is your testament? Have you got an old testament?</em> Only Paddy was passing there, I tell you what. Then see him of a Sunday with his little concubine of a wife, and she wagging her tail up the aisle of the chapel with her patent boots on her, no less, and her violets, nice as pie, doing the little lady. Jack Mooney’s sister. And the old prostitute of a mother procuring rooms to street couples. Gob, Jack made him toe the line. Told him if he didn’t patch up the pot, Jesus, he’d kick the shite out of him.</p>
<p>So Terry brought the three pints.</p>
<p>—Here, says Joe, doing the honours. Here, citizen.</p>
<p>—<em>Slan leat</em>, says he.</p>
<p>—Fortune, Joe, says I. Good health, citizen.</p>
<p>Gob, he had his mouth half way down the tumbler already. Want a small fortune to keep him in drinks.</p>
<p>—Who is the long fellow running for the mayoralty, Alf? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Friend of yours, says Alf.</p>
<p>—Nannan? says Joe. The mimber?</p>
<p>—I won’t mention any names, says Alf.</p>
<p>—I thought so, says Joe. I saw him up at that meeting now with William Field, M. P., the cattle traders.</p>
<p>—Hairy Iopas, says the citizen, that exploded volcano, the darling of all countries and the idol of his own.</p>
<p>So Joe starts telling the citizen about the foot and mouth disease and the cattle traders and taking action in the matter and the citizen sending them all to the rightabout and Bloom coming out with his sheepdip for the scab and a hoose drench for coughing calves and the guaranteed remedy for timber tongue. Because he was up one time in a knacker’s yard. Walking about with his book and pencil here’s my head and my heels are coming till Joe Cuffe gave him the order of the boot for giving lip to a grazier. Mister Knowall. Teach your grandmother how to milk ducks. Pisser Burke was telling me in the hotel the wife used to be in rivers of tears some times with Mrs O’Dowd crying her eyes out with her eight inches of fat all over her. Couldn’t loosen her farting strings but old cod’s eye was waltzing around her showing her how to do it. What’s your programme today? Ay. Humane methods. Because the poor animals suffer and experts say and the best known remedy that doesn’t cause pain to the animal and on the sore spot administer gently. Gob, he’d have a soft hand under a hen.</p>
<p>Ga Ga Gara. Klook Klook Klook. Black Liz is our hen. She lays eggs for us. When she lays her egg she is so glad. Gara. Klook Klook Klook. Then comes good uncle Leo. He puts his hand under black Liz and takes her fresh egg. Ga ga ga ga Gara. Klook Klook Klook.</p>
<p>—Anyhow, says Joe, Field and Nannetti are going over tonight to London to ask about it on the floor of the house of commons.</p>
<p>—Are you sure, says Bloom, the councillor is going? I wanted to see him, as it happens.</p>
<p>—Well, he’s going off by the mailboat, says Joe, tonight.</p>
<p>—That’s too bad, says Bloom. I wanted particularly. Perhaps only Mr Field is going. I couldn’t phone. No. You’re sure?</p>
<p>—Nannan’s going too, says Joe. The league told him to ask a question tomorrow about the commissioner of police forbidding Irish games in the park. What do you think of that, citizen? <em>The Sluagh na h-Eireann</em>.</p>
<p>Mr Cowe Conacre (Multifarnham. Nat.): Arising out of the question of my honourable friend, the member for Shillelagh, may I ask the right honourable gentleman whether the government has issued orders that these animals shall be slaughtered though no medical evidence is forthcoming as to their pathological condition?</p>
<p>Mr Allfours (Tamoshant. Con.): Honourable members are already in possession of the evidence produced before a committee of the whole house. I feel I cannot usefully add anything to that. The answer to the honourable member’s question is in the affirmative.</p>
<p>Mr Orelli O’Reilly (Montenotte. Nat.): Have similar orders been issued for the slaughter of human animals who dare to play Irish games in the Phoenix park?</p>
<p>Mr Allfours: The answer is in the negative.</p>
<p>Mr Cowe Conacre: Has the right honourable gentleman’s famous Mitchelstown telegram inspired the policy of gentlemen on the Treasury bench? (O! O!)</p>
<p>Mr Allfours: I must have notice of that question.</p>
<p>Mr Staylewit (Buncombe. Ind.): Don’t hesitate to shoot.</p>
<p>(Ironical opposition cheers.)</p>
<p>The speaker: Order! Order!</p>
<p>(The house rises. Cheers.)</p>
<p>—There’s the man, says Joe, that made the Gaelic sports revival. There he is sitting there. The man that got away James Stephens. The champion of all Ireland at putting the sixteen pound shot. What was your best throw, citizen?</p>
<p>—<em>Na bacleis</em>, says the citizen, letting on to be modest. There was a time I was as good as the next fellow anyhow.</p>
<p>—Put it there, citizen, says Joe. You were and a bloody sight better.</p>
<p>—Is that really a fact? says Alf.</p>
<p>—Yes, says Bloom. That’s well known. Did you not know that?</p>
<p>So off they started about Irish sports and shoneen games the like of lawn tennis and about hurley and putting the stone and racy of the soil and building up a nation once again and all to that. And of course Bloom had to have his say too about if a fellow had a rower’s heart violent exercise was bad. I declare to my antimacassar if you took up a straw from the bloody floor and if you said to Bloom: <em>Look at, Bloom. Do you see that straw? That’s a straw</em>. Declare to my aunt he’d talk about it for an hour so he would and talk steady.</p>
<p>A most interesting discussion took place in the ancient hall of <em>Brian O’Ciarnain’s</em> in <em>Sraid na Bretaine Bheag</em>, under the auspices of <em>Sluagh na h-Eireann</em>, on the revival of ancient Gaelic sports and the importance of physical culture, as understood in ancient Greece and ancient Rome and ancient Ireland, for the development of the race. The venerable president of the noble order was in the chair and the attendance was of large dimensions. After an instructive discourse by the chairman, a magnificent oration eloquently and forcibly expressed, a most interesting and instructive discussion of the usual high standard of excellence ensued as to the desirability of the revivability of the ancient games and sports of our ancient Panceltic forefathers. The wellknown and highly respected worker in the cause of our old tongue, Mr Joseph M’Carthy Hynes, made an eloquent appeal for the resuscitation of the ancient Gaelic sports and pastimes, practised morning and evening by Finn MacCool, as calculated to revive the best traditions of manly strength and prowess handed down to us from ancient ages. L. Bloom, who met with a mixed reception of applause and hisses, having espoused the negative the vocalist chairman brought the discussion to a close, in response to repeated requests and hearty plaudits from all parts of a bumper house, by a remarkably noteworthy rendering of the immortal Thomas Osborne Davis’ evergreen verses (happily too familiar to need recalling here) <em>A nation once again</em> in the execution of which the veteran patriot champion may be said without fear of contradiction to have fairly excelled himself. The Irish Caruso-Garibaldi was in superlative form and his stentorian notes were heard to the greatest advantage in the timehonoured anthem sung as only our citizen can sing it. His superb highclass vocalism, which by its superquality greatly enhanced his already international reputation, was vociferously applauded by the large audience among which were to be noticed many prominent members of the clergy as well as representatives of the press and the bar and the other learned professions. The proceedings then terminated.</p>
<p>Amongst the clergy present were the very rev. William Delany, S. J., L. L. D.; the rt rev. Gerald Molloy, D. D.; the rev. P. J. Kavanagh, C. S. Sp.; the rev. T. Waters, C. C.; the rev. John M. Ivers, P. P.; the rev. P. J. Cleary, O. S. F.; the rev. L. J. Hickey, O. P.; the very rev. Fr. Nicholas, O. S. F. C.; the very rev. B. Gorman, O. D. C.; the rev. T. Maher, S. J.; the very rev. James Murphy, S. J.; the rev. John Lavery, V. F.; the very rev. William Doherty, D. D.; the rev. Peter Fagan, O. M.; the rev. T. Brangan, O. S. A.; the rev. J. Flavin, C. C.; the rev. M. A. Hackett, C. C.; the rev. W. Hurley, C. C.; the rt rev. Mgr M’Manus, V. G.; the rev. B. R. Slattery, O. M. I.; the very rev. M. D. Scally, P. P.; the rev. F. T. Purcell, O. P.; the very rev. Timothy canon Gorman, P. P.; the rev. J. Flanagan, C. C. The laity included P. Fay, T. Quirke, etc., etc.</p>
<p>—Talking about violent exercise, says Alf, were you at that Keogh-Bennett match?</p>
<p>—No, says Joe.</p>
<p>—I heard So and So made a cool hundred quid over it, says Alf.</p>
<p>—Who? Blazes? says Joe.</p>
<p>And says Bloom:</p>
<p>—What I meant about tennis, for example, is the agility and training the eye.</p>
<p>—Ay, Blazes, says Alf. He let out that Myler was on the beer to run up the odds and he swatting all the time.</p>
<p>—We know him, says the citizen. The traitor’s son. We know what put English gold in his pocket.</p>
<p>—True for you, says Joe.</p>
<p>And Bloom cuts in again about lawn tennis and the circulation of the blood, asking Alf:</p>
<p>—Now, don’t you think, Bergan?</p>
<p>—Myler dusted the floor with him, says Alf. Heenan and Sayers was only a bloody fool to it. Handed him the father and mother of a beating. See the little kipper not up to his navel and the big fellow swiping. God, he gave him one last puck in the wind, Queensberry rules and all, made him puke what he never ate.</p>
<p>It was a historic and a hefty battle when Myler and Percy were scheduled to don the gloves for the purse of fifty sovereigns. Handicapped as he was by lack of poundage, Dublin’s pet lamb made up for it by superlative skill in ringcraft. The final bout of fireworks was a gruelling for both champions. The welterweight sergeantmajor had tapped some lively claret in the previous mixup during which Keogh had been receivergeneral of rights and lefts, the artilleryman putting in some neat work on the pet’s nose, and Myler came on looking groggy. The soldier got to business, leading off with a powerful left jab to which the Irish gladiator retaliated by shooting out a stiff one flush to the point of Bennett’s jaw. The redcoat ducked but the Dubliner lifted him with a left hook, the body punch being a fine one. The men came to handigrips. Myler quickly became busy and got his man under, the bout ending with the bulkier man on the ropes, Myler punishing him. The Englishman, whose right eye was nearly closed, took his corner where he was liberally drenched with water and when the bell went came on gamey and brimful of pluck, confident of knocking out the fistic Eblanite in jigtime. It was a fight to a finish and the best man for it. The two fought like tigers and excitement ran fever high. The referee twice cautioned Pucking Percy for holding but the pet was tricky and his footwork a treat to watch. After a brisk exchange of courtesies during which a smart upper cut of the military man brought blood freely from his opponent’s mouth the lamb suddenly waded in all over his man and landed a terrific left to Battling Bennett’s stomach, flooring him flat. It was a knockout clean and clever. Amid tense expectation the Portobello bruiser was being counted out when Bennett’s second Ole Pfotts Wettstein threw in the towel and the Santry boy was declared victor to the frenzied cheers of the public who broke through the ringropes and fairly mobbed him with delight.</p>
<p>—He knows which side his bread is buttered, says Alf. I hear he’s running a concert tour now up in the north.</p>
<p>—He is, says Joe. Isn’t he?</p>
<p>—Who? says Bloom. Ah, yes. That’s quite true. Yes, a kind of summer tour, you see. Just a holiday.</p>
<p>—Mrs B. is the bright particular star, isn’t she? says Joe.</p>
<p>—My wife? says Bloom. She’s singing, yes. I think it will be a success too. He’s an excellent man to organise. Excellent.</p>
<p>Hoho begob says I to myself says I. That explains the milk in the cocoanut and absence of hair on the animal’s chest. Blazes doing the tootle on the flute. Concert tour. Dirty Dan the dodger’s son off Island bridge that sold the same horses twice over to the government to fight the Boers. Old Whatwhat. I called about the poor and water rate, Mr Boylan. You what? The water rate, Mr Boylan. You whatwhat? That’s the bucko that’ll organise her, take my tip. ’Twixt me and you Caddareesh.</p>
<p>Pride of Calpe’s rocky mount, the ravenhaired daughter of Tweedy. There grew she to peerless beauty where loquat and almond scent the air. The gardens of Alameda knew her step: the garths of olives knew and bowed. The chaste spouse of Leopold is she: Marion of the bountiful bosoms.</p>
<p>And lo, there entered one of the clan of the O’Molloy’s, a comely hero of white face yet withal somewhat ruddy, his majesty’s counsel learned in the law, and with him the prince and heir of the noble line of Lambert.</p>
<p>—Hello, Ned.</p>
<p>—Hello, Alf.</p>
<p>—Hello, Jack.</p>
<p>—Hello, Joe.</p>
<p>—God save you, says the citizen.</p>
<p>—Save you kindly, says J. J. What’ll it be, Ned?</p>
<p>—Half one, says Ned.</p>
<p>So J. J. ordered the drinks.</p>
<p>—Were you round at the court? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Yes, says J. J. He’ll square that, Ned, says he.</p>
<p>—Hope so, says Ned.</p>
<p>Now what were those two at? J. J. getting him off the grand jury list and the other give him a leg over the stile. With his name in Stubbs’s. Playing cards, hobnobbing with flash toffs with a swank glass in their eye, adrinking fizz and he half smothered in writs and garnishee orders. Pawning his gold watch in Cummins of Francis street where no-one would know him in the private office when I was there with Pisser releasing his boots out of the pop. What’s your name, sir? Dunne, says he. Ay, and done says I. Gob, he’ll come home by weeping cross one of those days, I’m thinking.</p>
<p>—Did you see that bloody lunatic Breen round there? says Alf. U. p: up.</p>
<p>—Yes, says J. J. Looking for a private detective.</p>
<p>—Ay, says Ned. And he wanted right go wrong to address the court only Corny Kelleher got round him telling him to get the handwriting examined first.</p>
<p>—Ten thousand pounds, says Alf, laughing. God, I’d give anything to hear him before a judge and jury.</p>
<p>—Was it you did it, Alf? says Joe. The truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth, so help you Jimmy Johnson.</p>
<p>—Me? says Alf. Don’t cast your nasturtiums on my character.</p>
<p>—Whatever statement you make, says Joe, will be taken down in evidence against you.</p>
<p>—Of course an action would lie, says J. J. It implies that he is not <em>compos mentis</em>. U. p: up.</p>
<p><em>—Compos</em> your eye! says Alf, laughing. Do you know that he’s balmy? Look at his head. Do you know that some mornings he has to get his hat on with a shoehorn.</p>
<p>—Yes, says J. J., but the truth of a libel is no defence to an indictment for publishing it in the eyes of the law.</p>
<p>—Ha ha, Alf, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Still, says Bloom, on account of the poor woman, I mean his wife.</p>
<p>—Pity about her, says the citizen. Or any other woman marries a half and half.</p>
<p>—How half and half? says Bloom. Do you mean he...</p>
<p>—Half and half I mean, says the citizen. A fellow that’s neither fish nor flesh.</p>
<p>—Nor good red herring, says Joe.</p>
<p>—That what’s I mean, says the citizen. A pishogue, if you know what that is.</p>
<p>Begob I saw there was trouble coming. And Bloom explaining he meant on account of it being cruel for the wife having to go round after the old stuttering fool. Cruelty to animals so it is to let that bloody povertystricken Breen out on grass with his beard out tripping him, bringing down the rain. And she with her nose cockahoop after she married him because a cousin of his old fellow’s was pewopener to the pope. Picture of him on the wall with his Smashall Sweeney’s moustaches, the signior Brini from Summerhill, the eyetallyano, papal Zouave to the Holy Father, has left the quay and gone to Moss street. And who was he, tell us? A nobody, two pair back and passages, at seven shillings a week, and he covered with all kinds of breastplates bidding defiance to the world.</p>
<p>—And moreover, says J. J., a postcard is publication. It was held to be sufficient evidence of malice in the testcase Sadgrove v. Hole. In my opinion an action might lie.</p>
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<p>Six and eightpence, please. Who wants your opinion? Let us drink our pints in peace. Gob, we won’t be let even do that much itself.</p>
<p>—Well, good health, Jack, says Ned.</p>
<p>—Good health, Ned, says J. J.</p>
<p>—-There he is again, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Where? says Alf.</p>
<p>And begob there he was passing the door with his books under his oxter and the wife beside him and Corny Kelleher with his wall eye looking in as they went past, talking to him like a father, trying to sell him a secondhand coffin.</p>
<p>—How did that Canada swindle case go off? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Remanded, says J. J.</p>
<p>One of the bottlenosed fraternity it was went by the name of James Wought alias Saphiro alias Spark and Spiro, put an ad in the papers saying he’d give a passage to Canada for twenty bob. What? Do you see any green in the white of my eye? Course it was a bloody barney. What? Swindled them all, skivvies and badhachs from the county Meath, ay, and his own kidney too. J. J. was telling us there was an ancient Hebrew Zaretsky or something weeping in the witnessbox with his hat on him, swearing by the holy Moses he was stuck for two quid.</p>
<p>—Who tried the case? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Recorder, says Ned.</p>
<p>—Poor old sir Frederick, says Alf, you can cod him up to the two eyes.</p>
<p>—Heart as big as a lion, says Ned. Tell him a tale of woe about arrears of rent and a sick wife and a squad of kids and, faith, he’ll dissolve in tears on the bench.</p>
<p>—Ay, says Alf. Reuben J was bloody lucky he didn’t clap him in the dock the other day for suing poor little Gumley that’s minding stones, for the corporation there near Butt bridge.</p>
<p>And he starts taking off the old recorder letting on to cry:</p>
<p>—A most scandalous thing! This poor hardworking man! How many children? Ten, did you say?</p>
<p>—Yes, your worship. And my wife has the typhoid.</p>
<p>—And the wife with typhoid fever! Scandalous! Leave the court immediately, sir. No, sir, I’ll make no order for payment. How dare you, sir, come up before me and ask me to make an order! A poor hardworking industrious man! I dismiss the case.</p>
<p>And whereas on the sixteenth day of the month of the oxeyed goddess and in the third week after the feastday of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, the daughter of the skies, the virgin moon being then in her first quarter, it came to pass that those learned judges repaired them to the halls of law. There master Courtenay, sitting in his own chamber, gave his rede and master Justice Andrews, sitting without a jury in the probate court, weighed well and pondered the claim of the first chargeant upon the property in the matter of the will propounded and final testamentary disposition <em>in re</em> the real and personal estate of the late lamented Jacob Halliday, vintner, deceased, versus Livingstone, an infant, of unsound mind, and another. And to the solemn court of Green street there came sir Frederick the Falconer. And he sat him there about the hour of five o’clock to administer the law of the brehons at the commission for all that and those parts to be holden in and for the county of the city of Dublin. And there sat with him the high sinhedrim of the twelve tribes of Iar, for every tribe one man, of the tribe of Patrick and of the tribe of Hugh and of the tribe of Owen and of the tribe of Conn and of the tribe of Oscar and of the tribe of Fergus and of the tribe of Finn and of the tribe of Dermot and of the tribe of Cormac and of the tribe of Kevin and of the tribe of Caolte and of the tribe of Ossian, there being in all twelve good men and true. And he conjured them by Him who died on rood that they should well and truly try and true deliverance make in the issue joined between their sovereign lord the king and the prisoner at the bar and true verdict give according to the evidence so help them God and kiss the book. And they rose in their seats, those twelve of Iar, and they swore by the name of Him Who is from everlasting that they would do His rightwiseness. And straightway the minions of the law led forth from their donjon keep one whom the sleuthhounds of justice had apprehended in consequence of information received. And they shackled him hand and foot and would take of him ne bail ne mainprise but preferred a charge against him for he was a malefactor.</p>
<p>—Those are nice things, says the citizen, coming over here to Ireland filling the country with bugs.</p>
<p>So Bloom lets on he heard nothing and he starts talking with Joe, telling him he needn’t trouble about that little matter till the first but if he would just say a word to Mr Crawford. And so Joe swore high and holy by this and by that he’d do the devil and all.</p>
<p>—Because, you see, says Bloom, for an advertisement you must have repetition. That’s the whole secret.</p>
<p>—Rely on me, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Swindling the peasants, says the citizen, and the poor of Ireland. We want no more strangers in our house.</p>
<p>—O, I’m sure that will be all right, Hynes, says Bloom. It’s just that Keyes, you see.</p>
<p>—Consider that done, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Very kind of you, says Bloom.</p>
<p>—The strangers, says the citizen. Our own fault. We let them come in. We brought them in. The adulteress and her paramour brought the Saxon robbers here.</p>
<p>—Decree <em>nisi,</em> says J. J.</p>
<p>And Bloom letting on to be awfully deeply interested in nothing, a spider’s web in the corner behind the barrel, and the citizen scowling after him and the old dog at his feet looking up to know who to bite and when.</p>
<p>—A dishonoured wife, says the citizen, that’s what’s the cause of all our misfortunes.</p>
<p>—And here she is, says Alf, that was giggling over the <em>Police Gazette</em> with Terry on the counter, in all her warpaint.</p>
<p>—Give us a squint at her, says I.</p>
<p>And what was it only one of the smutty yankee pictures Terry borrows off of Corny Kelleher. Secrets for enlarging your private parts. Misconduct of society belle. Norman W. Tupper, wealthy Chicago contractor, finds pretty but faithless wife in lap of officer Taylor. Belle in her bloomers misconducting herself, and her fancyman feeling for her tickles and Norman W. Tupper bouncing in with his peashooter just in time to be late after she doing the trick of the loop with officer Taylor.</p>
<p>—O jakers, Jenny, says Joe, how short your shirt is!</p>
<p>—There’s hair, Joe, says I. Get a queer old tailend of corned beef off of that one, what?</p>
<p>So anyhow in came John Wyse Nolan and Lenehan with him with a face on him as long as a late breakfast.</p>
<p>—Well, says the citizen, what’s the latest from the scene of action? What did those tinkers in the city hall at their caucus meeting decide about the Irish language?</p>
<p>O’Nolan, clad in shining armour, low bending made obeisance to the puissant and high and mighty chief of all Erin and did him to wit of that which had befallen, how that the grave elders of the most obedient city, second of the realm, had met them in the tholsel, and there, after due prayers to the gods who dwell in ether supernal, had taken solemn counsel whereby they might, if so be it might be, bring once more into honour among mortal men the winged speech of the seadivided Gael.</p>
<p>—It’s on the march, says the citizen. To hell with the bloody brutal Sassenachs and their <em>patois.</em></p>
<p>So J. J. puts in a word, doing the toff about one story was good till you heard another and blinking facts and the Nelson policy, putting your blind eye to the telescope and drawing up a bill of attainder to impeach a nation, and Bloom trying to back him up moderation and botheration and their colonies and their civilisation.</p>
<p>—Their syphilisation, you mean, says the citizen. To hell with them! The curse of a goodfornothing God light sideways on the bloody thicklugged sons of whores’ gets! No music and no art and no literature worthy of the name. Any civilisation they have they stole from us. Tonguetied sons of bastards’ ghosts.</p>
<p>—The European family, says J. J....</p>
<p>—They’re not European, says the citizen. I was in Europe with Kevin Egan of Paris. You wouldn’t see a trace of them or their language anywhere in Europe except in a <em>cabinet d’aisance.</em></p>
<p>And says John Wyse:</p>
<p>—Full many a flower is born to blush unseen.</p>
<p>And says Lenehan that knows a bit of the lingo:</p>
<p>—<em>Conspuez les Anglais! Perfide Albion!</em></p>
<p>He said and then lifted he in his rude great brawny strengthy hands the medher of dark strong foamy ale and, uttering his tribal slogan <em>Lamh Dearg Abu</em>, he drank to the undoing of his foes, a race of mighty valorous heroes, rulers of the waves, who sit on thrones of alabaster silent as the deathless gods.</p>
<p>—What’s up with you, says I to Lenehan. You look like a fellow that had lost a bob and found a tanner.</p>
<p>—Gold cup, says he.</p>
<p>—Who won, Mr Lenehan? says Terry.</p>
<p><em>—Throwaway,</em> says he, at twenty to one. A rank outsider. And the rest nowhere.</p>
<p>—And Bass’s mare? says Terry.</p>
<p>—Still running, says he. We’re all in a cart. Boylan plunged two quid on my tip <em>Sceptre</em> for himself and a lady friend.</p>
<p>—I had half a crown myself, says Terry, on <em>Zinfandel</em> that Mr Flynn gave me. Lord Howard de Walden’s.</p>
<p>—Twenty to one, says Lenehan. Such is life in an outhouse. <em>Throwaway,</em> says he. Takes the biscuit, and talking about bunions. Frailty, thy name is <em>Sceptre.</em></p>
<p>So he went over to the biscuit tin Bob Doran left to see if there was anything he could lift on the nod, the old cur after him backing his luck with his mangy snout up. Old Mother Hubbard went to the cupboard.</p>
<p>—Not there, my child, says he.</p>
<p>—Keep your pecker up, says Joe. She’d have won the money only for the other dog.</p>
<p>And J. J. and the citizen arguing about law and history with Bloom sticking in an odd word.</p>
<p>—Some people, says Bloom, can see the mote in others’ eyes but they can’t see the beam in their own.</p>
<p>—<em>Raimeis</em>, says the citizen. There’s no-one as blind as the fellow that won’t see, if you know what that means. Where are our missing twenty millions of Irish should be here today instead of four, our lost tribes? And our potteries and textiles, the finest in the whole world! And our wool that was sold in Rome in the time of Juvenal and our flax and our damask from the looms of Antrim and our Limerick lace, our tanneries and our white flint glass down there by Ballybough and our Huguenot poplin that we have since Jacquard de Lyon and our woven silk and our Foxford tweeds and ivory raised point from the Carmelite convent in New Ross, nothing like it in the whole wide world. Where are the Greek merchants that came through the pillars of Hercules, the Gibraltar now grabbed by the foe of mankind, with gold and Tyrian purple to sell in Wexford at the fair of Carmen? Read Tacitus and Ptolemy, even Giraldus Cambrensis. Wine, peltries, Connemara marble, silver from Tipperary, second to none, our farfamed horses even today, the Irish hobbies, with king Philip of Spain offering to pay customs duties for the right to fish in our waters. What do the yellowjohns of Anglia owe us for our ruined trade and our ruined hearths? And the beds of the Barrow and Shannon they won’t deepen with millions of acres of marsh and bog to make us all die of consumption?</p>
<p>—As treeless as Portugal we’ll be soon, says John Wyse, or Heligoland with its one tree if something is not done to reafforest the land. Larches, firs, all the trees of the conifer family are going fast. I was reading a report of lord Castletown’s...</p>
<p>—Save them, says the citizen, the giant ash of Galway and the chieftain elm of Kildare with a fortyfoot bole and an acre of foliage. Save the trees of Ireland for the future men of Ireland on the fair hills of Eire, O.</p>
<p>—Europe has its eyes on you, says Lenehan.</p>
<p>The fashionable international world attended <em>en masse</em> this afternoon at the wedding of the chevalier Jean Wyse de Neaulan, grand high chief ranger of the Irish National Foresters, with Miss Fir Conifer of Pine Valley. Lady Sylvester Elmshade, Mrs Barbara Lovebirch, Mrs Poll Ash, Mrs Holly Hazeleyes, Miss Daphne Bays, Miss Dorothy Canebrake, Mrs Clyde Twelvetrees, Mrs Rowan Greene, Mrs Helen Vinegadding, Miss Virginia Creeper, Miss Gladys Beech, Miss Olive Garth, Miss Blanche Maple, Mrs Maud Mahogany, Miss Myra Myrtle, Miss Priscilla Elderflower, Miss Bee Honeysuckle, Miss Grace Poplar, Miss O Mimosa San, Miss Rachel Cedarfrond, the Misses Lilian and Viola Lilac, Miss Timidity Aspenall, Mrs Kitty Dewey-Mosse, Miss May Hawthorne, Mrs Gloriana Palme, Mrs Liana Forrest, Mrs Arabella Blackwood and Mrs Norma Holyoake of Oakholme Regis graced the ceremony by their presence. The bride who was given away by her father, the M’Conifer of the Glands, looked exquisitely charming in a creation carried out in green mercerised silk, moulded on an underslip of gloaming grey, sashed with a yoke of broad emerald and finished with a triple flounce of darkerhued fringe, the scheme being relieved by bretelles and hip insertions of acorn bronze. The maids of honour, Miss Larch Conifer and Miss Spruce Conifer, sisters of the bride, wore very becoming costumes in the same tone, a dainty <em>motif</em> of plume rose being worked into the pleats in a pinstripe and repeated capriciously in the jadegreen toques in the form of heron feathers of paletinted coral. Senhor Enrique Flor presided at the organ with his wellknown ability and, in addition to the prescribed numbers of the nuptial mass, played a new and striking arrangement of <em>Woodman, spare that tree</em> at the conclusion of the service. On leaving the church of Saint Fiacre <em>in Horto</em> after the papal blessing the happy pair were subjected to a playful crossfire of hazelnuts, beechmast, bayleaves, catkins of willow, ivytod, hollyberries, mistletoe sprigs and quicken shoots. Mr and Mrs Wyse Conifer Neaulan will spend a quiet honeymoon in the Black Forest.</p>
<p>—And our eyes are on Europe, says the citizen. We had our trade with Spain and the French and with the Flemings before those mongrels were pupped, Spanish ale in Galway, the winebark on the winedark waterway.</p>
<p>—And will again, says Joe.</p>
<p>—And with the help of the holy mother of God we will again, says the citizen, clapping his thigh. Our harbours that are empty will be full again, Queenstown, Kinsale, Galway, Blacksod Bay, Ventry in the kingdom of Kerry, Killybegs, the third largest harbour in the wide world with a fleet of masts of the Galway Lynches and the Cavan O’Reillys and the O’Kennedys of Dublin when the earl of Desmond could make a treaty with the emperor Charles the Fifth himself. And will again, says he, when the first Irish battleship is seen breasting the waves with our own flag to the fore, none of your Henry Tudor’s harps, no, the oldest flag afloat, the flag of the province of Desmond and Thomond, three crowns on a blue field, the three sons of Milesius.</p>
<p>And he took the last swig out of the pint. Moya. All wind and piss like a tanyard cat. Cows in Connacht have long horns. As much as his bloody life is worth to go down and address his tall talk to the assembled multitude in Shanagolden where he daren’t show his nose with the Molly Maguires looking for him to let daylight through him for grabbing the holding of an evicted tenant.</p>
<p>—Hear, hear to that, says John Wyse. What will you have?</p>
<p>—An imperial yeomanry, says Lenehan, to celebrate the occasion.</p>
<p>—Half one, Terry, says John Wyse, and a hands up. Terry! Are you asleep?</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, says Terry. Small whisky and bottle of Allsop. Right, sir.</p>
<p>Hanging over the bloody paper with Alf looking for spicy bits instead of attending to the general public. Picture of a butting match, trying to crack their bloody skulls, one chap going for the other with his head down like a bull at a gate. And another one: <em>Black Beast Burned in Omaha, Ga</em>. A lot of Deadwood Dicks in slouch hats and they firing at a Sambo strung up in a tree with his tongue out and a bonfire under him. Gob, they ought to drown him in the sea after and electrocute and crucify him to make sure of their job.</p>
<p>—But what about the fighting navy, says Ned, that keeps our foes at bay?</p>
<p>—I’ll tell you what about it, says the citizen. Hell upon earth it is. Read the revelations that’s going on in the papers about flogging on the training ships at Portsmouth. A fellow writes that calls himself <em>Disgusted One</em>.</p>
<p>So he starts telling us about corporal punishment and about the crew of tars and officers and rearadmirals drawn up in cocked hats and the parson with his protestant bible to witness punishment and a young lad brought out, howling for his ma, and they tie him down on the buttend of a gun.</p>
<p>—A rump and dozen, says the citizen, was what that old ruffian sir John Beresford called it but the modern God’s Englishman calls it caning on the breech.</p>
<p>And says John Wyse:</p>
<p>—’Tis a custom more honoured in the breach than in the observance.</p>
<p>Then he was telling us the master at arms comes along with a long cane and he draws out and he flogs the bloody backside off of the poor lad till he yells meila murder.</p>
<p>—That’s your glorious British navy, says the citizen, that bosses the earth. The fellows that never will be slaves, with the only hereditary chamber on the face of God’s earth and their land in the hands of a dozen gamehogs and cottonball barons. That’s the great empire they boast about of drudges and whipped serfs.</p>
<p>—On which the sun never rises, says Joe.</p>
<p>—And the tragedy of it is, says the citizen, they believe it. The unfortunate yahoos believe it.</p>
<p>They believe in rod, the scourger almighty, creator of hell upon earth, and in Jacky Tar, the son of a gun, who was conceived of unholy boast, born of the fighting navy, suffered under rump and dozen, was scarified, flayed and curried, yelled like bloody hell, the third day he arose again from the bed, steered into haven, sitteth on his beamend till further orders whence he shall come to drudge for a living and be paid.</p>
<p>—But, says Bloom, isn’t discipline the same everywhere. I mean wouldn’t it be the same here if you put force against force?</p>
<p>Didn’t I tell you? As true as I’m drinking this porter if he was at his last gasp he’d try to downface you that dying was living.</p>
<p>—We’ll put force against force, says the citizen. We have our greater Ireland beyond the sea. They were driven out of house and home in the black 47. Their mudcabins and their shielings by the roadside were laid low by the batteringram and the <em>Times</em> rubbed its hands and told the whitelivered Saxons there would soon be as few Irish in Ireland as redskins in America. Even the Grand Turk sent us his piastres. But the Sassenach tried to starve the nation at home while the land was full of crops that the British hyenas bought and sold in Rio de Janeiro. Ay, they drove out the peasants in hordes. Twenty thousand of them died in the coffinships. But those that came to the land of the free remember the land of bondage. And they will come again and with a vengeance, no cravens, the sons of Granuaile, the champions of Kathleen ni Houlihan.</p>
<p>—Perfectly true, says Bloom. But my point was...</p>
<p>—We are a long time waiting for that day, citizen, says Ned. Since the poor old woman told us that the French were on the sea and landed at Killala.</p>
<p>—Ay, says John Wyse. We fought for the royal Stuarts that reneged us against the Williamites and they betrayed us. Remember Limerick and the broken treatystone. We gave our best blood to France and Spain, the wild geese. Fontenoy, eh? And Sarsfield and O’Donnell, duke of Tetuan in Spain, and Ulysses Browne of Camus that was fieldmarshal to Maria Teresa. But what did we ever get for it?</p>
<p>—The French! says the citizen. Set of dancing masters! Do you know what it is? They were never worth a roasted fart to Ireland. Aren’t they trying to make an <em>Entente cordiale</em> now at Tay Pay’s dinnerparty with perfidious Albion? Firebrands of Europe and they always were.</p>
<p>—<em>Conspuez les Français</em>, says Lenehan, nobbling his beer.</p>
<p>—And as for the Prooshians and the Hanoverians, says Joe, haven’t we had enough of those sausageeating bastards on the throne from George the elector down to the German lad and the flatulent old bitch that’s dead?</p>
<p>Jesus, I had to laugh at the way he came out with that about the old one with the winkers on her, blind drunk in her royal palace every night of God, old Vic, with her jorum of mountain dew and her coachman carting her up body and bones to roll into bed and she pulling him by the whiskers and singing him old bits of songs about <em>Ehren on the Rhine</em> and come where the boose is cheaper.</p>
<p>—Well, says J. J. We have Edward the peacemaker now.</p>
<p>—Tell that to a fool, says the citizen. There’s a bloody sight more pox than pax about that boyo. Edward Guelph-Wettin!</p>
<p>—And what do you think, says Joe, of the holy boys, the priests and bishops of Ireland doing up his room in Maynooth in His Satanic Majesty’s racing colours and sticking up pictures of all the horses his jockeys rode. The earl of Dublin, no less.</p>
<p>—They ought to have stuck up all the women he rode himself, says little Alf.</p>
<p>And says J. J.:</p>
<p>—Considerations of space influenced their lordships’ decision.</p>
<p>—Will you try another, citizen? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, says he. I will.</p>
<p>—You? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Beholden to you, Joe, says I. May your shadow never grow less.</p>
<p>—Repeat that dose, says Joe.</p>
<p>Bloom was talking and talking with John Wyse and he quite excited with his dunducketymudcoloured mug on him and his old plumeyes rolling about.</p>
<p>—Persecution, says he, all the history of the world is full of it. Perpetuating national hatred among nations.</p>
<p>—But do you know what a nation means? says John Wyse.</p>
<p>—Yes, says Bloom.</p>
<p>—What is it? says John Wyse.</p>
<p>—A nation? says Bloom. A nation is the same people living in the same place.</p>
<p>—By God, then, says Ned, laughing, if that’s so I’m a nation for I’m living in the same place for the past five years.</p>
<p>So of course everyone had the laugh at Bloom and says he, trying to muck out of it:</p>
<p>—Or also living in different places.</p>
<p>—That covers my case, says Joe.</p>
<p>—What is your nation if I may ask? says the citizen.</p>
<p>—Ireland, says Bloom. I was born here. Ireland.</p>
<p>The citizen said nothing only cleared the spit out of his gullet and, gob, he spat a Red bank oyster out of him right in the corner.</p>
<p>—After you with the push, Joe, says he, taking out his handkerchief to swab himself dry.</p>
<p>—Here you are, citizen, says Joe. Take that in your right hand and repeat after me the following words.</p>
<p>The muchtreasured and intricately embroidered ancient Irish facecloth attributed to Solomon of Droma and Manus Tomaltach og MacDonogh, authors of the Book of Ballymote, was then carefully produced and called forth prolonged admiration. No need to dwell on the legendary beauty of the cornerpieces, the acme of art, wherein one can distinctly discern each of the four evangelists in turn presenting to each of the four masters his evangelical symbol, a bogoak sceptre, a North American puma (a far nobler king of beasts than the British article, be it said in passing), a Kerry calf and a golden eagle from Carrantuohill. The scenes depicted on the emunctory field, showing our ancient duns and raths and cromlechs and grianauns and seats of learning and maledictive stones, are as wonderfully beautiful and the pigments as delicate as when the Sligo illuminators gave free rein to their artistic fantasy long long ago in the time of the Barmecides. Glendalough, the lovely lakes of Killarney, the ruins of Clonmacnois, Cong Abbey, Glen Inagh and the Twelve Pins, Ireland’s Eye, the Green Hills of Tallaght, Croagh Patrick, the brewery of Messrs Arthur Guinness, Son and Company (Limited), Lough Neagh’s banks, the vale of Ovoca, Isolde’s tower, the Mapas obelisk, Sir Patrick Dun’s hospital, Cape Clear, the glen of Aherlow, Lynch’s castle, the Scotch house, Rathdown Union Workhouse at Loughlinstown, Tullamore jail, Castleconnel rapids, Kilballymacshonakill, the cross at Monasterboice, Jury’s Hotel, S. Patrick’s Purgatory, the Salmon Leap, Maynooth college refectory, Curley’s hole, the three birthplaces of the first duke of Wellington, the rock of Cashel, the bog of Allen, the Henry Street Warehouse, Fingal’s Cave—all these moving scenes are still there for us today rendered more beautiful still by the waters of sorrow which have passed over them and by the rich incrustations of time.</p>
<p>—Show us over the drink, says I. Which is which?</p>
<p>—That’s mine, says Joe, as the devil said to the dead policeman.</p>
<p>—And I belong to a race too, says Bloom, that is hated and persecuted. Also now. This very moment. This very instant.</p>
<p>Gob, he near burnt his fingers with the butt of his old cigar.</p>
<p>—Robbed, says he. Plundered. Insulted. Persecuted. Taking what belongs to us by right. At this very moment, says he, putting up his fist, sold by auction in Morocco like slaves or cattle.</p>
<p>—Are you talking about the new Jerusalem? says the citizen.</p>
<p>—I’m talking about injustice, says Bloom.</p>
<p>—Right, says John Wyse. Stand up to it then with force like men.</p>
<p>That’s an almanac picture for you. Mark for a softnosed bullet. Old lardyface standing up to the business end of a gun. Gob, he’d adorn a sweepingbrush, so he would, if he only had a nurse’s apron on him. And then he collapses all of a sudden, twisting around all the opposite, as limp as a wet rag.</p>
<p>—But it’s no use, says he. Force, hatred, history, all that. That’s not life for men and women, insult and hatred. And everybody knows that it’s the very opposite of that that is really life.</p>
<p>—What? says Alf.</p>
<p>—Love, says Bloom. I mean the opposite of hatred. I must go now, says he to John Wyse. Just round to the court a moment to see if Martin is there. If he comes just say I’ll be back in a second. Just a moment.</p>
<p>Who’s hindering you? And off he pops like greased lightning.</p>
<p>—A new apostle to the gentiles, says the citizen. Universal love.</p>
<p>—Well, says John Wyse. Isn’t that what we’re told. Love your neighbour.</p>
<p>—That chap? says the citizen. Beggar my neighbour is his motto. Love, moya! He’s a nice pattern of a Romeo and Juliet.</p>
<p>Love loves to love love. Nurse loves the new chemist. Constable 14A loves Mary Kelly. Gerty MacDowell loves the boy that has the bicycle. M. B. loves a fair gentleman. Li Chi Han lovey up kissy Cha Pu Chow. Jumbo, the elephant, loves Alice, the elephant. Old Mr Verschoyle with the ear trumpet loves old Mrs Verschoyle with the turnedin eye. The man in the brown macintosh loves a lady who is dead. His Majesty the King loves Her Majesty the Queen. Mrs Norman W. Tupper loves officer Taylor. You love a certain person. And this person loves that other person because everybody loves somebody but God loves everybody.</p>
<p>—Well, Joe, says I, your very good health and song. More power, citizen.</p>
<p>—Hurrah, there, says Joe.</p>
<p>—The blessing of God and Mary and Patrick on you, says the citizen.</p>
<p>And he ups with his pint to wet his whistle.</p>
<p>—We know those canters, says he, preaching and picking your pocket. What about sanctimonious Cromwell and his ironsides that put the women and children of Drogheda to the sword with the bible text <em>God is love</em> pasted round the mouth of his cannon? The bible! Did you read that skit in the <em>United Irishman</em> today about that Zulu chief that’s visiting England?</p>
<p>—What’s that? says Joe.</p>
<p>So the citizen takes up one of his paraphernalia papers and he starts reading out:</p>
<p>—A delegation of the chief cotton magnates of Manchester was presented yesterday to His Majesty the Alaki of Abeakuta by Gold Stick in Waiting, Lord Walkup of Walkup on Eggs, to tender to His Majesty the heartfelt thanks of British traders for the facilities afforded them in his dominions. The delegation partook of luncheon at the conclusion of which the dusky potentate, in the course of a happy speech, freely translated by the British chaplain, the reverend Ananias Praisegod Barebones, tendered his best thanks to Massa Walkup and emphasised the cordial relations existing between Abeakuta and the British empire, stating that he treasured as one of his dearest possessions an illuminated bible, the volume of the word of God and the secret of England’s greatness, graciously presented to him by the white chief woman, the great squaw Victoria, with a personal dedication from the august hand of the Royal Donor. The Alaki then drank a lovingcup of firstshot usquebaugh to the toast <em>Black and White</em> from the skull of his immediate predecessor in the dynasty Kakachakachak, surnamed Forty Warts, after which he visited the chief factory of Cottonopolis and signed his mark in the visitors’ book, subsequently executing a charming old Abeakutic wardance, in the course of which he swallowed several knives and forks, amid hilarious applause from the girl hands.</p>
<p>—Widow woman, says Ned. I wouldn’t doubt her. Wonder did he put that bible to the same use as I would.</p>
<p>—Same only more so, says Lenehan. And thereafter in that fruitful land the broadleaved mango flourished exceedingly.</p>
<p>—Is that by Griffith? says John Wyse.</p>
<p>—No, says the citizen. It’s not signed Shanganagh. It’s only initialled: P.</p>
<p>—And a very good initial too, says Joe.</p>
<p>—That’s how it’s worked, says the citizen. Trade follows the flag.</p>
<p>—Well, says J. J., if they’re any worse than those Belgians in the Congo Free State they must be bad. Did you read that report by a man what’s this his name is?</p>
<p>—Casement, says the citizen. He’s an Irishman.</p>
<p>—Yes, that’s the man, says J. J. Raping the women and girls and flogging the natives on the belly to squeeze all the red rubber they can out of them.</p>
<p>—I know where he’s gone, says Lenehan, cracking his fingers.</p>
<p>—Who? says I.</p>
<p>—Bloom, says he. The courthouse is a blind. He had a few bob on <em>Throwaway</em> and he’s gone to gather in the shekels.</p>
<p>—Is it that whiteeyed kaffir? says the citizen, that never backed a horse in anger in his life?</p>
<p>—That’s where he’s gone, says Lenehan. I met Bantam Lyons going to back that horse only I put him off it and he told me Bloom gave him the tip. Bet you what you like he has a hundred shillings to five on. He’s the only man in Dublin has it. A dark horse.</p>
<p>—He’s a bloody dark horse himself, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Mind, Joe, says I. Show us the entrance out.</p>
<p>—There you are, says Terry.</p>
<p>Goodbye Ireland I’m going to Gort. So I just went round the back of the yard to pumpship and begob (hundred shillings to five) while I was letting off my <em>(Throwaway</em> twenty to) letting off my load gob says I to myself I knew he was uneasy in his (two pints off of Joe and one in Slattery’s off) in his mind to get off the mark to (hundred shillings is five quid) and when they were in the (dark horse) pisser Burke was telling me card party and letting on the child was sick (gob, must have done about a gallon) flabbyarse of a wife speaking down the tube <em>she’s better</em> or <em>she’s</em> (ow!) all a plan so he could vamoose with the pool if he won or (Jesus, full up I was) trading without a licence (ow!) Ireland my nation says he (hoik! phthook!) never be up to those bloody (there’s the last of it) Jerusalem (ah!) cuckoos.</p>
<p>So anyhow when I got back they were at it dingdong, John Wyse saying it was Bloom gave the ideas for Sinn Fein to Griffith to put in his paper all kinds of jerrymandering, packed juries and swindling the taxes off of the government and appointing consuls all over the world to walk about selling Irish industries. Robbing Peter to pay Paul. Gob, that puts the bloody kybosh on it if old sloppy eyes is mucking up the show. Give us a bloody chance. God save Ireland from the likes of that bloody mouseabout. Mr Bloom with his argol bargol. And his old fellow before him perpetrating frauds, old Methusalem Bloom, the robbing bagman, that poisoned himself with the prussic acid after he swamping the country with his baubles and his penny diamonds. Loans by post on easy terms. Any amount of money advanced on note of hand. Distance no object. No security. Gob, he’s like Lanty MacHale’s goat that’d go a piece of the road with every one.</p>
<p>—Well, it’s a fact, says John Wyse. And there’s the man now that’ll tell you all about it, Martin Cunningham.</p>
<p>Sure enough the castle car drove up with Martin on it and Jack Power with him and a fellow named Crofter or Crofton, pensioner out of the collector general’s, an orangeman Blackburn does have on the registration and he drawing his pay or Crawford gallivanting around the country at the king’s expense.</p>
<p>Our travellers reached the rustic hostelry and alighted from their palfreys.</p>
<p>—Ho, varlet! cried he, who by his mien seemed the leader of the party. Saucy knave! To us!</p>
<p>So saying he knocked loudly with his swordhilt upon the open lattice.</p>
<p>Mine host came forth at the summons, girding him with his tabard.</p>
<p>—Give you good den, my masters, said he with an obsequious bow.</p>
<p>—Bestir thyself, sirrah! cried he who had knocked. Look to our steeds. And for ourselves give us of your best for ifaith we need it.</p>
<p>—Lackaday, good masters, said the host, my poor house has but a bare larder. I know not what to offer your lordships.</p>
<p>—How now, fellow? cried the second of the party, a man of pleasant countenance, So servest thou the king’s messengers, master Taptun?</p>
<p>An instantaneous change overspread the landlord’s visage.</p>
<p>—Cry you mercy, gentlemen, he said humbly. An you be the king’s messengers (God shield His Majesty!) you shall not want for aught. The king’s friends (God bless His Majesty!) shall not go afasting in my house I warrant me.</p>
<p>—Then about! cried the traveller who had not spoken, a lusty trencherman by his aspect. Hast aught to give us?</p>
<p>Mine host bowed again as he made answer:</p>
<p>—What say you, good masters, to a squab pigeon pasty, some collops of venison, a saddle of veal, widgeon with crisp hog’s bacon, a boar’s head with pistachios, a bason of jolly custard, a medlar tansy and a flagon of old Rhenish?</p>
<p>—Gadzooks! cried the last speaker. That likes me well. Pistachios!</p>
<p>—Aha! cried he of the pleasant countenance. A poor house and a bare larder, quotha! ’Tis a merry rogue.</p>
<p>So in comes Martin asking where was Bloom.</p>
<p>—Where is he? says Lenehan. Defrauding widows and orphans.</p>
<p>—Isn’t that a fact, says John Wyse, what I was telling the citizen about Bloom and the Sinn Fein?</p>
<p>—That’s so, says Martin. Or so they allege.</p>
<p>—Who made those allegations? says Alf.</p>
<p>—I, says Joe. I’m the alligator.</p>
<p>—And after all, says John Wyse, why can’t a jew love his country like the next fellow?</p>
<p>—Why not? says J. J., when he’s quite sure which country it is.</p>
<p>—Is he a jew or a gentile or a holy Roman or a swaddler or what the hell is he? says Ned. Or who is he? No offence, Crofton.</p>
<p>—Who is Junius? says J. J.</p>
<p>—We don’t want him, says Crofter the Orangeman or presbyterian.</p>
<p>—He’s a perverted jew, says Martin, from a place in Hungary and it was he drew up all the plans according to the Hungarian system. We know that in the castle.</p>
<p>—Isn’t he a cousin of Bloom the dentist? says Jack Power.</p>
<p>—Not at all, says Martin. Only namesakes. His name was Virag, the father’s name that poisoned himself. He changed it by deedpoll, the father did.</p>
<p>—That’s the new Messiah for Ireland! says the citizen. Island of saints and sages!</p>
<p>—Well, they’re still waiting for their redeemer, says Martin. For that matter so are we.</p>
<p>—Yes, says J. J., and every male that’s born they think it may be their Messiah. And every jew is in a tall state of excitement, I believe, till he knows if he’s a father or a mother.</p>
<p>—Expecting every moment will be his next, says Lenehan.</p>
<p>—O, by God, says Ned, you should have seen Bloom before that son of his that died was born. I met him one day in the south city markets buying a tin of Neave’s food six weeks before the wife was delivered.</p>
<p>—<em>En ventre sa mère</em>, says J. J.</p>
<p>—Do you call that a man? says the citizen.</p>
<p>—I wonder did he ever put it out of sight, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Well, there were two children born anyhow, says Jack Power.</p>
<p>—And who does he suspect? says the citizen.</p>
<p>Gob, there’s many a true word spoken in jest. One of those mixed middlings he is. Lying up in the hotel Pisser was telling me once a month with headache like a totty with her courses. Do you know what I’m telling you? It’d be an act of God to take a hold of a fellow the like of that and throw him in the bloody sea. Justifiable homicide, so it would. Then sloping off with his five quid without putting up a pint of stuff like a man. Give us your blessing. Not as much as would blind your eye.</p>
<p>—Charity to the neighbour, says Martin. But where is he? We can’t wait.</p>
<p>—A wolf in sheep’s clothing, says the citizen. That’s what he is. Virag from Hungary! Ahasuerus I call him. Cursed by God.</p>
<p>—Have you time for a brief libation, Martin? says Ned.</p>
<p>—Only one, says Martin. We must be quick. J. J. and S.</p>
<p>—You, Jack? Crofton? Three half ones, Terry.</p>
<p>—Saint Patrick would want to land again at Ballykinlar and convert us, says the citizen, after allowing things like that to contaminate our shores.</p>
<p>—Well, says Martin, rapping for his glass. God bless all here is my prayer.</p>
<p>—Amen, says the citizen.</p>
<p>—And I’m sure He will, says Joe.</p>
<p>And at the sound of the sacring bell, headed by a crucifer with acolytes, thurifers, boatbearers, readers, ostiarii, deacons and subdeacons, the blessed company drew nigh of mitred abbots and priors and guardians and monks and friars: the monks of Benedict of Spoleto, Carthusians and Camaldolesi, Cistercians and Olivetans, Oratorians and Vallombrosans, and the friars of Augustine, Brigittines, Premonstratensians, Servi, Trinitarians, and the children of Peter Nolasco: and therewith from Carmel mount the children of Elijah prophet led by Albert bishop and by Teresa of Avila, calced and other: and friars, brown and grey, sons of poor Francis, capuchins, cordeliers, minimes and observants and the daughters of Clara: and the sons of Dominic, the friars preachers, and the sons of Vincent: and the monks of S. Wolstan: and Ignatius his children: and the confraternity of the christian brothers led by the reverend brother Edmund Ignatius Rice. And after came all saints and martyrs, virgins and confessors: S. Cyr and S. Isidore Arator and S. James the Less and S. Phocas of Sinope and S. Julian Hospitator and S. Felix de Cantalice and S. Simon Stylites and S. Stephen Protomartyr and S. John of God and S. Ferreol and S. Leugarde and S. Theodotus and S. Vulmar and S. Richard and S. Vincent de Paul and S. Martin of Todi and S. Martin of Tours and S. Alfred and S. Joseph and S. Denis and S. Cornelius and S. Leopold and S. Bernard and S. Terence and S. Edward and S. Owen Caniculus and S. Anonymous and S. Eponymous and S. Pseudonymous and S. Homonymous and S. Paronymous and S. Synonymous and S. Laurence O’Toole and S. James of Dingle and Compostella and S. Columcille and S. Columba and S. Celestine and S. Colman and S. Kevin and S. Brendan and S. Frigidian and S. Senan and S. Fachtna and S. Columbanus and S. Gall and S. Fursey and S. Fintan and S. Fiacre and S. John Nepomuc and S. Thomas Aquinas and S. Ives of Brittany and S. Michan and S. Herman-Joseph and the three patrons of holy youth S. Aloysius Gonzaga and S. Stanislaus Kostka and S. John Berchmans and the saints Gervasius, Servasius and Bonifacius and S. Bride and S. Kieran and S. Canice of Kilkenny and S. Jarlath of Tuam and S. Finbarr and S. Pappin of Ballymun and Brother Aloysius Pacificus and Brother Louis Bellicosus and the saints Rose of Lima and of Viterbo and S. Martha of Bethany and S. Mary of Egypt and S. Lucy and S. Brigid and S. Attracta and S. Dympna and S. Ita and S. Marion Calpensis and the Blessed Sister Teresa of the Child Jesus and S. Barbara and S. Scholastica and S. Ursula with eleven thousand virgins. And all came with nimbi and aureoles and gloriae, bearing palms and harps and swords and olive crowns, in robes whereon were woven the blessed symbols of their efficacies, inkhorns, arrows, loaves, cruses, fetters, axes, trees, bridges, babes in a bathtub, shells, wallets, shears, keys, dragons, lilies, buckshot, beards, hogs, lamps, bellows, beehives, soupladles, stars, snakes, anvils, boxes of vaseline, bells, crutches, forceps, stags’ horns, watertight boots, hawks, millstones, eyes on a dish, wax candles, aspergills, unicorns. And as they wended their way by Nelson’s Pillar, Henry street, Mary street, Capel street, Little Britain street chanting the introit in <em>Epiphania Domini</em> which beginneth <em>Surge, illuminare</em> and thereafter most sweetly the gradual <em>Omnes</em> which saith <em>de Saba venient</em> they did divers wonders such as casting out devils, raising the dead to life, multiplying fishes, healing the halt and the blind, discovering various articles which had been mislaid, interpreting and fulfilling the scriptures, blessing and prophesying. And last, beneath a canopy of cloth of gold came the reverend Father O’Flynn attended by Malachi and Patrick. And when the good fathers had reached the appointed place, the house of Bernard Kiernan and Co, limited, 8, 9 and 10 little Britain street, wholesale grocers, wine and brandy shippers, licensed for the sale of beer, wine and spirits for consumption on the premises, the celebrant blessed the house and censed the mullioned windows and the groynes and the vaults and the arrises and the capitals and the pediments and the cornices and the engrailed arches and the spires and the cupolas and sprinkled the lintels thereof with blessed water and prayed that God might bless that house as he had blessed the house of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and make the angels of His light to inhabit therein. And entering he blessed the viands and the beverages and the company of all the blessed answered his prayers.</p>
<p>—<em>Adiutorium nostrum in nomine Domini.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Qui fecit cœlum et terram.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Dominus vobiscum.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Et cum spiritu tuo.</em></p>
<p>And he laid his hands upon that he blessed and gave thanks and he prayed and they all with him prayed:</p>
<p>—<em>Deus, cuius verbo sanctificantur omnia, benedictionem tuam effunde super creaturas istas: et praesta ut quisquis eis secundum legem et voluntatem Tuam cum gratiarum actione usus fuerit per invocationem sanctissimi nominis Tui corporis sanitatem et animæ tutelam Te auctore percipiat per Christum Dominum nostrum.</em></p>
<p>—And so say all of us, says Jack.</p>
<p>—Thousand a year, Lambert, says Crofton or Crawford.</p>
<p>—Right, says Ned, taking up his John Jameson. And butter for fish.</p>
<p>I was just looking around to see who the happy thought would strike when be damned but in he comes again letting on to be in a hell of a hurry.</p>
<p>—I was just round at the courthouse, says he, looking for you. I hope I’m not...</p>
<p>—No, says Martin, we’re ready.</p>
<p>Courthouse my eye and your pockets hanging down with gold and silver. Mean bloody scut. Stand us a drink itself. Devil a sweet fear! There’s a jew for you! All for number one. Cute as a shithouse rat. Hundred to five.</p>
<p>—Don’t tell anyone, says the citizen.</p>
<p>—Beg your pardon, says he.</p>
<p>—Come on boys, says Martin, seeing it was looking blue. Come along now.</p>
<p>—Don’t tell anyone, says the citizen, letting a bawl out of him. It’s a secret.</p>
<p>And the bloody dog woke up and let a growl.</p>
<p>—Bye bye all, says Martin.</p>
<p>And he got them out as quick as he could, Jack Power and Crofton or whatever you call him and him in the middle of them letting on to be all at sea and up with them on the bloody jaunting car.</p>
<p>—Off with you, says Martin to the jarvey.</p>
<p>The milkwhite dolphin tossed his mane and, rising in the golden poop the helmsman spread the bellying sail upon the wind and stood off forward with all sail set, the spinnaker to larboard. A many comely nymphs drew nigh to starboard and to larboard and, clinging to the sides of the noble bark, they linked their shining forms as doth the cunning wheelwright when he fashions about the heart of his wheel the equidistant rays whereof each one is sister to another and he binds them all with an outer ring and giveth speed to the feet of men whenas they ride to a hosting or contend for the smile of ladies fair. Even so did they come and set them, those willing nymphs, the undying sisters. And they laughed, sporting in a circle of their foam: and the bark clave the waves.</p>
<p>But begob I was just lowering the heel of the pint when I saw the citizen getting up to waddle to the door, puffing and blowing with the dropsy, and he cursing the curse of Cromwell on him, bell, book and candle in Irish, spitting and spatting out of him and Joe and little Alf round him like a leprechaun trying to peacify him.</p>
<p>—Let me alone, says he.</p>
<p>And begob he got as far as the door and they holding him and he bawls out of him:</p>
<p>—Three cheers for Israel!</p>
<p>Arrah, sit down on the parliamentary side of your arse for Christ’ sake and don’t be making a public exhibition of yourself. Jesus, there’s always some bloody clown or other kicking up a bloody murder about bloody nothing. Gob, it’d turn the porter sour in your guts, so it would.</p>
<p>And all the ragamuffins and sluts of the nation round the door and Martin telling the jarvey to drive ahead and the citizen bawling and Alf and Joe at him to whisht and he on his high horse about the jews and the loafers calling for a speech and Jack Power trying to get him to sit down on the car and hold his bloody jaw and a loafer with a patch over his eye starts singing <em>If the man in the moon was a jew, jew, jew</em> and a slut shouts out of her:</p>
<p>—Eh, mister! Your fly is open, mister!</p>
<p>And says he:</p>
<p>—Mendelssohn was a jew and Karl Marx and Mercadante and Spinoza. And the Saviour was a jew and his father was a jew. Your God.</p>
<p>—He had no father, says Martin. That’ll do now. Drive ahead.</p>
<p>—Whose God? says the citizen.</p>
<p>—Well, his uncle was a jew, says he. Your God was a jew. Christ was a jew like me.</p>
<p>Gob, the citizen made a plunge back into the shop.</p>
<p>—By Jesus, says he, I’ll brain that bloody jewman for using the holy name. By Jesus, I’ll crucify him so I will. Give us that biscuitbox here.</p>
<p>—Stop! Stop! says Joe.</p>
<p>A large and appreciative gathering of friends and acquaintances from the metropolis and greater Dublin assembled in their thousands to bid farewell to Nagyaságos uram Lipóti Virag, late of Messrs Alexander Thom’s, printers to His Majesty, on the occasion of his departure for the distant clime of Százharminczbrojúgulyás-Dugulás (Meadow of Murmuring Waters). The ceremony which went off with great <em>éclat</em> was characterised by the most affecting cordiality. An illuminated scroll of ancient Irish vellum, the work of Irish artists, was presented to the distinguished phenomenologist on behalf of a large section of the community and was accompanied by the gift of a silver casket, tastefully executed in the style of ancient Celtic ornament, a work which reflects every credit on the makers, Messrs Jacob <em>agus</em> Jacob. The departing guest was the recipient of a hearty ovation, many of those who were present being visibly moved when the select orchestra of Irish pipes struck up the wellknown strains of <em>Come Back to Erin</em>, followed immediately by <em>Rakóczsy’s March</em>. Tarbarrels and bonfires were lighted along the coastline of the four seas on the summits of the Hill of Howth, Three Rock Mountain, Sugarloaf, Bray Head, the mountains of Mourne, the Galtees, the Ox and Donegal and Sperrin peaks, the Nagles and the Bograghs, the Connemara hills, the reeks of M’Gillicuddy, Slieve Aughty, Slieve Bernagh and Slieve Bloom. Amid cheers that rent the welkin, responded to by answering cheers from a big muster of henchmen on the distant Cambrian and Caledonian hills, the mastodontic pleasureship slowly moved away saluted by a final floral tribute from the representatives of the fair sex who were present in large numbers while, as it proceeded down the river, escorted by a flotilla of barges, the flags of the Ballast office and Custom House were dipped in salute as were also those of the electrical power station at the Pigeonhouse and the Poolbeg Light. <em>Visszontlátásra, kedvés barátom! Visszontlátásra!</em> Gone but not forgotten.</p>
<p>Gob, the devil wouldn’t stop him till he got hold of the bloody tin anyhow and out with him and little Alf hanging on to his elbow and he shouting like a stuck pig, as good as any bloody play in the Queen’s royal theatre:</p>
<p>—Where is he till I murder him?</p>
<p>And Ned and J. J. paralysed with the laughing.</p>
<p>—Bloody wars, says I, I’ll be in for the last gospel.</p>
<p>But as luck would have it the jarvey got the nag’s head round the other way and off with him.</p>
<p>—Hold on, citizen, says Joe. Stop!</p>
<p>Begob he drew his hand and made a swipe and let fly. Mercy of God the sun was in his eyes or he’d have left him for dead. Gob, he near sent it into the county Longford. The bloody nag took fright and the old mongrel after the car like bloody hell and all the populace shouting and laughing and the old tinbox clattering along the street.</p>
<p>The catastrophe was terrific and instantaneous in its effect. The observatory of Dunsink registered in all eleven shocks, all of the fifth grade of Mercalli’s scale, and there is no record extant of a similar seismic disturbance in our island since the earthquake of 1534, the year of the rebellion of Silken Thomas. The epicentre appears to have been that part of the metropolis which constitutes the Inn’s Quay ward and parish of Saint Michan covering a surface of fortyone acres, two roods and one square pole or perch. All the lordly residences in the vicinity of the palace of justice were demolished and that noble edifice itself, in which at the time of the catastrophe important legal debates were in progress, is literally a mass of ruins beneath which it is to be feared all the occupants have been buried alive. From the reports of eyewitnesses it transpires that the seismic waves were accompanied by a violent atmospheric perturbation of cyclonic character. An article of headgear since ascertained to belong to the much respected clerk of the crown and peace Mr George Fottrell and a silk umbrella with gold handle with the engraved initials, crest, coat of arms and house number of the erudite and worshipful chairman of quarter sessions sir Frederick Falkiner, recorder of Dublin, have been discovered by search parties in remote parts of the island respectively, the former on the third basaltic ridge of the giant’s causeway, the latter embedded to the extent of one foot three inches in the sandy beach of Holeopen bay near the old head of Kinsale. Other eyewitnesses depose that they observed an incandescent object of enormous proportions hurtling through the atmosphere at a terrifying velocity in a trajectory directed southwest by west. Messages of condolence and sympathy are being hourly received from all parts of the different continents and the sovereign pontiff has been graciously pleased to decree that a special <em>missa pro defunctis</em> shall be celebrated simultaneously by the ordinaries of each and every cathedral church of all the episcopal dioceses subject to the spiritual authority of the Holy See in suffrage of the souls of those faithful departed who have been so unexpectedly called away from our midst. The work of salvage, removal of <em>débris,</em> human remains etc has been entrusted to Messrs Michael Meade and Son, 159 Great Brunswick street, and Messrs T. and C. Martin, 77, 78, 79 and 80 North Wall, assisted by the men and officers of the Duke of Cornwall’s light infantry under the general supervision of H. R. H., rear admiral, the right honourable sir Hercules Hannibal Habeas Corpus Anderson, K. G., K. P., K. T., P. C., K. C. B., M. P., J. P., M. B., D. S. O., S. O. D., M. F. H., M. R. I. A., B. L., Mus. Doc., P. L. G., F. T. C. D., F. R. U. I., F. R. C. P. I. and F. R. C. S. I.</p>
<p>You never saw the like of it in all your born puff. Gob, if he got that lottery ticket on the side of his poll he’d remember the gold cup, he would so, but begob the citizen would have been lagged for assault and battery and Joe for aiding and abetting. The jarvey saved his life by furious driving as sure as God made Moses. What? O, Jesus, he did. And he let a volley of oaths after him.</p>
<p>—Did I kill him, says he, or what?</p>
<p>And he shouting to the bloody dog:</p>
<p>—After him, Garry! After him, boy!</p>
<p>And the last we saw was the bloody car rounding the corner and old sheepsface on it gesticulating and the bloody mongrel after it with his lugs back for all he was bloody well worth to tear him limb from limb. Hundred to five! Jesus, he took the value of it out of him, I promise you.</p>
<p>When, lo, there came about them all a great brightness and they beheld the chariot wherein He stood ascend to heaven. And they beheld Him in the chariot, clothed upon in the glory of the brightness, having raiment as of the sun, fair as the moon and terrible that for awe they durst not look upon Him. And there came a voice out of heaven, calling: <em>Elijah! Elijah!</em> And He answered with a main cry: <em>Abba! Adonai!</em> And they beheld Him even Him, ben Bloom Elijah, amid clouds of angels ascend to the glory of the brightness at an angle of fortyfive degrees over Donohoe’s in Little Green street like a shot off a shovel.</p>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-14.htm.html_chap13"></span>[ 13 ]</h3>
<p>The summer evening had begun to fold the world in its mysterious embrace. Far away in the west the sun was setting and the last glow of all too fleeting day lingered lovingly on sea and strand, on the proud promontory of dear old Howth guarding as ever the waters of the bay, on the weedgrown rocks along Sandymount shore and, last but not least, on the quiet church whence there streamed forth at times upon the stillness the voice of prayer to her who is in her pure radiance a beacon ever to the stormtossed heart of man, Mary, star of the sea.</p>
<p>The three girl friends were seated on the rocks, enjoying the evening scene and the air which was fresh but not too chilly. Many a time and oft were they wont to come there to that favourite nook to have a cosy chat beside the sparkling waves and discuss matters feminine, Cissy Caffrey and Edy Boardman with the baby in the pushcar and Tommy and Jacky Caffrey, two little curlyheaded boys, dressed in sailor suits with caps to match and the name <em>H. M. S. Belleisle</em> printed on both. For Tommy and Jacky Caffrey were twins, scarce four years old and very noisy and spoiled twins sometimes but for all that darling little fellows with bright merry faces and endearing ways about them. They were dabbling in the sand with their spades and buckets, building castles as children do, or playing with their big coloured ball, happy as the day was long. And Edy Boardman was rocking the chubby baby to and fro in the pushcar while that young gentleman fairly chuckled with delight. He was but eleven months and nine days old and, though still a tiny toddler, was just beginning to lisp his first babyish words. Cissy Caffrey bent over to him to tease his fat little plucks and the dainty dimple in his chin.</p>
<p>—Now, baby, Cissy Caffrey said. Say out big, big. I want a drink of water.</p>
<p>And baby prattled after her:</p>
<p>—A jink a jink a jawbo.</p>
<p>Cissy Caffrey cuddled the wee chap for she was awfully fond of children, so patient with little sufferers and Tommy Caffrey could never be got to take his castor oil unless it was Cissy Caffrey that held his nose and promised him the scatty heel of the loaf or brown bread with golden syrup on. What a persuasive power that girl had! But to be sure baby Boardman was as good as gold, a perfect little dote in his new fancy bib. None of your spoilt beauties, Flora MacFlimsy sort, was Cissy Caffrey. A truerhearted lass never drew the breath of life, always with a laugh in her gipsylike eyes and a frolicsome word on her cherryripe red lips, a girl lovable in the extreme. And Edy Boardman laughed too at the quaint language of little brother.</p>
<p>But just then there was a slight altercation between Master Tommy and Master Jacky. Boys will be boys and our two twins were no exception to this golden rule. The apple of discord was a certain castle of sand which Master Jacky had built and Master Tommy would have it right go wrong that it was to be architecturally improved by a frontdoor like the Martello tower had. But if Master Tommy was headstrong Master Jacky was selfwilled too and, true to the maxim that every little Irishman’s house is his castle, he fell upon his hated rival and to such purpose that the wouldbe assailant came to grief and (alas to relate!) the coveted castle too. Needless to say the cries of discomfited Master Tommy drew the attention of the girl friends.</p>
<p>—Come here, Tommy, his sister called imperatively. At once! And you, Jacky, for shame to throw poor Tommy in the dirty sand. Wait till I catch you for that.</p>
<p>His eyes misty with unshed tears Master Tommy came at her call for their big sister’s word was law with the twins. And in a sad plight he was too after his misadventure. His little man-o’-war top and unmentionables were full of sand but Cissy was a past mistress in the art of smoothing over life’s tiny troubles and very quickly not one speck of sand was to be seen on his smart little suit. Still the blue eyes were glistening with hot tears that would well up so she kissed away the hurtness and shook her hand at Master Jacky the culprit and said if she was near him she wouldn’t be far from him, her eyes dancing in admonition.</p>
<p>—Nasty bold Jacky! she cried.</p>
<p>She put an arm round the little mariner and coaxed winningly:</p>
<p>—What’s your name? Butter and cream?</p>
<p>—Tell us who is your sweetheart, spoke Edy Boardman. Is Cissy your sweetheart?</p>
<p>—Nao, tearful Tommy said.</p>
<p>—Is Edy Boardman your sweetheart? Cissy queried.</p>
<p>—Nao, Tommy said.</p>
<p>—I know, Edy Boardman said none too amiably with an arch glance from her shortsighted eyes. I know who is Tommy’s sweetheart. Gerty is Tommy’s sweetheart.</p>
<p>—Nao, Tommy said on the verge of tears.</p>
<p>Cissy’s quick motherwit guessed what was amiss and she whispered to Edy Boardman to take him there behind the pushcar where the gentleman couldn’t see and to mind he didn’t wet his new tan shoes.</p>
<p>But who was Gerty?</p>
<p>Gerty MacDowell who was seated near her companions, lost in thought, gazing far away into the distance was, in very truth, as fair a specimen of winsome Irish girlhood as one could wish to see. She was pronounced beautiful by all who knew her though, as folks often said, she was more a Giltrap than a MacDowell. Her figure was slight and graceful, inclining even to fragility but those iron jelloids she had been taking of late had done her a world of good much better than the Widow Welch’s female pills and she was much better of those discharges she used to get and that tired feeling. The waxen pallor of her face was almost spiritual in its ivorylike purity though her rosebud mouth was a genuine Cupid’s bow, Greekly perfect. Her hands were of finely veined alabaster with tapering fingers and as white as lemonjuice and queen of ointments could make them though it was not true that she used to wear kid gloves in bed or take a milk footbath either. Bertha Supple told that once to Edy Boardman, a deliberate lie, when she was black out at daggers drawn with Gerty (the girl chums had of course their little tiffs from time to time like the rest of mortals) and she told her not to let on whatever she did that it was her that told her or she’d never speak to her again. No. Honour where honour is due. There was an innate refinement, a languid queenly <em>hauteur</em> about Gerty which was unmistakably evidenced in her delicate hands and higharched instep. Had kind fate but willed her to be born a gentlewoman of high degree in her own right and had she only received the benefit of a good education Gerty MacDowell might easily have held her own beside any lady in the land and have seen herself exquisitely gowned with jewels on her brow and patrician suitors at her feet vying with one another to pay their devoirs to her. Mayhap it was this, the love that might have been, that lent to her softlyfeatured face at whiles a look, tense with suppressed meaning, that imparted a strange yearning tendency to the beautiful eyes, a charm few could resist. Why have women such eyes of witchery? Gerty’s were of the bluest Irish blue, set off by lustrous lashes and dark expressive brows. Time was when those brows were not so silkily seductive. It was Madame Vera Verity, directress of the Woman Beautiful page of the Princess Novelette, who had first advised her to try eyebrowleine which gave that haunting expression to the eyes, so becoming in leaders of fashion, and she had never regretted it. Then there was blushing scientifically cured and how to be tall increase your height and you have a beautiful face but your nose? That would suit Mrs Dignam because she had a button one. But Gerty’s crowning glory was her wealth of wonderful hair. It was dark brown with a natural wave in it. She had cut it that very morning on account of the new moon and it nestled about her pretty head in a profusion of luxuriant clusters and pared her nails too, Thursday for wealth. And just now at Edy’s words as a telltale flush, delicate as the faintest rosebloom, crept into her cheeks she looked so lovely in her sweet girlish shyness that of a surety God’s fair land of Ireland did not hold her equal.</p>
<p>For an instant she was silent with rather sad downcast eyes. She was about to retort but something checked the words on her tongue. Inclination prompted her to speak out: dignity told her to be silent. The pretty lips pouted awhile but then she glanced up and broke out into a joyous little laugh which had in it all the freshness of a young May morning. She knew right well, no-one better, what made squinty Edy say that because of him cooling in his attentions when it was simply a lovers’ quarrel. As per usual somebody’s nose was out of joint about the boy that had the bicycle off the London bridge road always riding up and down in front of her window. Only now his father kept him in in the evenings studying hard to get an exhibition in the intermediate that was on and he was going to go to Trinity college to study for a doctor when he left the high school like his brother W. E. Wylie who was racing in the bicycle races in Trinity college university. Little recked he perhaps for what she felt, that dull aching void in her heart sometimes, piercing to the core. Yet he was young and perchance he might learn to love her in time. They were protestants in his family and of course Gerty knew Who came first and after Him the Blessed Virgin and then Saint Joseph. But he was undeniably handsome with an exquisite nose and he was what he looked, every inch a gentleman, the shape of his head too at the back without his cap on that she would know anywhere something off the common and the way he turned the bicycle at the lamp with his hands off the bars and also the nice perfume of those good cigarettes and besides they were both of a size too he and she and that was why Edy Boardman thought she was so frightfully clever because he didn’t go and ride up and down in front of her bit of a garden.</p>
<p>Gerty was dressed simply but with the instinctive taste of a votary of Dame Fashion for she felt that there was just a might that he might be out. A neat blouse of electric blue selftinted by dolly dyes (because it was expected in the <em>Lady’s Pictorial</em> that electric blue would be worn) with a smart vee opening down to the division and kerchief pocket (in which she always kept a piece of cottonwool scented with her favourite perfume because the handkerchief spoiled the sit) and a navy threequarter skirt cut to the stride showed off her slim graceful figure to perfection. She wore a coquettish little love of a hat of wideleaved nigger straw contrast trimmed with an underbrim of eggblue chenille and at the side a butterfly bow of silk to tone. All Tuesday week afternoon she was hunting to match that chenille but at last she found what she wanted at Clery’s summer sales, the very it, slightly shopsoiled but you would never notice, seven fingers two and a penny. She did it up all by herself and what joy was hers when she tried it on then, smiling at the lovely reflection which the mirror gave back to her! And when she put it on the waterjug to keep the shape she knew that that would take the shine out of some people she knew. Her shoes were the newest thing in footwear (Edy Boardman prided herself that she was very <em>petite</em> but she never had a foot like Gerty MacDowell, a five, and never would ash, oak or elm) with patent toecaps and just one smart buckle over her higharched instep. Her wellturned ankle displayed its perfect proportions beneath her skirt and just the proper amount and no more of her shapely limbs encased in finespun hose with highspliced heels and wide garter tops. As for undies they were Gerty’s chief care and who that knows the fluttering hopes and fears of sweet seventeen (though Gerty would never see seventeen again) can find it in his heart to blame her? She had four dinky sets with awfully pretty stitchery, three garments and nighties extra, and each set slotted with different coloured ribbons, rosepink, pale blue, mauve and peagreen, and she aired them herself and blued them when they came home from the wash and ironed them and she had a brickbat to keep the iron on because she wouldn’t trust those washerwomen as far as she’d see them scorching the things. She was wearing the blue for luck, hoping against hope, her own colour and lucky too for a bride to have a bit of blue somewhere on her because the green she wore that day week brought grief because his father brought him in to study for the intermediate exhibition and because she thought perhaps he might be out because when she was dressing that morning she nearly slipped up the old pair on her inside out and that was for luck and lovers’ meeting if you put those things on inside out or if they got untied that he was thinking about you so long as it wasn’t of a Friday.</p>
<p>And yet and yet! That strained look on her face! A gnawing sorrow is there all the time. Her very soul is in her eyes and she would give worlds to be in the privacy of her own familiar chamber where, giving way to tears, she could have a good cry and relieve her pentup feelings though not too much because she knew how to cry nicely before the mirror. You are lovely, Gerty, it said. The paly light of evening falls upon a face infinitely sad and wistful. Gerty MacDowell yearns in vain. Yes, she had known from the very first that her daydream of a marriage has been arranged and the weddingbells ringing for Mrs Reggy Wylie T. C. D. (because the one who married the elder brother would be Mrs Wylie) and in the fashionable intelligence Mrs Gertrude Wylie was wearing a sumptuous confection of grey trimmed with expensive blue fox was not to be. He was too young to understand. He would not believe in love, a woman’s birthright. The night of the party long ago in Stoer’s (he was still in short trousers) when they were alone and he stole an arm round her waist she went white to the very lips. He called her little one in a strangely husky voice and snatched a half kiss (the first!) but it was only the end of her nose and then he hastened from the room with a remark about refreshments. Impetuous fellow! Strength of character had never been Reggy Wylie’s strong point and he who would woo and win Gerty MacDowell must be a man among men. But waiting, always waiting to be asked and it was leap year too and would soon be over. No prince charming is her beau ideal to lay a rare and wondrous love at her feet but rather a manly man with a strong quiet face who had not found his ideal, perhaps his hair slightly flecked with grey, and who would understand, take her in his sheltering arms, strain her to him in all the strength of his deep passionate nature and comfort her with a long long kiss. It would be like heaven. For such a one she yearns this balmy summer eve. With all the heart of her she longs to be his only, his affianced bride for riches for poor, in sickness in health, till death us two part, from this to this day forward.</p>
<p>And while Edy Boardman was with little Tommy behind the pushcar she was just thinking would the day ever come when she could call herself his little wife to be. Then they could talk about her till they went blue in the face, Bertha Supple too, and Edy, little spitfire, because she would be twentytwo in November. She would care for him with creature comforts too for Gerty was womanly wise and knew that a mere man liked that feeling of hominess. Her griddlecakes done to a goldenbrown hue and queen Ann’s pudding of delightful creaminess had won golden opinions from all because she had a lucky hand also for lighting a fire, dredge in the fine selfraising flour and always stir in the same direction, then cream the milk and sugar and whisk well the white of eggs though she didn’t like the eating part when there were any people that made her shy and often she wondered why you couldn’t eat something poetical like violets or roses and they would have a beautifully appointed drawingroom with pictures and engravings and the photograph of grandpapa Giltrap’s lovely dog Garryowen that almost talked it was so human and chintz covers for the chairs and that silver toastrack in Clery’s summer jumble sales like they have in rich houses. He would be tall with broad shoulders (she had always admired tall men for a husband) with glistening white teeth under his carefully trimmed sweeping moustache and they would go on the continent for their honeymoon (three wonderful weeks!) and then, when they settled down in a nice snug and cosy little homely house, every morning they would both have brekky, simple but perfectly served, for their own two selves and before he went out to business he would give his dear little wifey a good hearty hug and gaze for a moment deep down into her eyes.</p>
<p>Edy Boardman asked Tommy Caffrey was he done and he said yes so then she buttoned up his little knickerbockers for him and told him to run off and play with Jacky and to be good now and not to fight. But Tommy said he wanted the ball and Edy told him no that baby was playing with the ball and if he took it there’d be wigs on the green but Tommy said it was his ball and he wanted his ball and he pranced on the ground, if you please. The temper of him! O, he was a man already was little Tommy Caffrey since he was out of pinnies. Edy told him no, no and to be off now with him and she told Cissy Caffrey not to give in to him.</p>
<p>—You’re not my sister, naughty Tommy said. It’s my ball.</p>
<p>But Cissy Caffrey told baby Boardman to look up, look up high at her finger and she snatched the ball quickly and threw it along the sand and Tommy after it in full career, having won the day.</p>
<p>—Anything for a quiet life, laughed Ciss.</p>
<p>And she tickled tiny tot’s two cheeks to make him forget and played here’s the lord mayor, here’s his two horses, here’s his gingerbread carriage and here he walks in, chinchopper, chinchopper, chinchopper chin. But Edy got as cross as two sticks about him getting his own way like that from everyone always petting him.</p>
<p>—I’d like to give him something, she said, so I would, where I won’t say.</p>
<p>—On the beeoteetom, laughed Cissy merrily.</p>
<p>Gerty MacDowell bent down her head and crimsoned at the idea of Cissy saying an unladylike thing like that out loud she’d be ashamed of her life to say, flushing a deep rosy red, and Edy Boardman said she was sure the gentleman opposite heard what she said. But not a pin cared Ciss.</p>
<p>—Let him! she said with a pert toss of her head and a piquant tilt of her nose. Give it to him too on the same place as quick as I’d look at him.</p>
<p>Madcap Ciss with her golliwog curls. You had to laugh at her sometimes. For instance when she asked you would you have some more Chinese tea and jaspberry ram and when she drew the jugs too and the men’s faces on her nails with red ink make you split your sides or when she wanted to go where you know she said she wanted to run and pay a visit to the Miss White. That was just like Cissycums. O, and will you ever forget her the evening she dressed up in her father’s suit and hat and the burned cork moustache and walked down Tritonville road, smoking a cigarette. There was none to come up to her for fun. But she was sincerity itself, one of the bravest and truest hearts heaven ever made, not one of your twofaced things, too sweet to be wholesome.</p>
<p>And then there came out upon the air the sound of voices and the pealing anthem of the organ. It was the men’s temperance retreat conducted by the missioner, the reverend John Hughes S. J., rosary, sermon and benediction of the Most Blessed Sacrament. They were there gathered together without distinction of social class (and a most edifying spectacle it was to see) in that simple fane beside the waves, after the storms of this weary world, kneeling before the feet of the immaculate, reciting the litany of Our Lady of Loreto, beseeching her to intercede for them, the old familiar words, holy Mary, holy virgin of virgins. How sad to poor Gerty’s ears! Had her father only avoided the clutches of the demon drink, by taking the pledge or those powders the drink habit cured in Pearson’s Weekly, she might now be rolling in her carriage, second to none. Over and over had she told herself that as she mused by the dying embers in a brown study without the lamp because she hated two lights or oftentimes gazing out of the window dreamily by the hour at the rain falling on the rusty bucket, thinking. But that vile decoction which has ruined so many hearths and homes had cast its shadow over her childhood days. Nay, she had even witnessed in the home circle deeds of violence caused by intemperance and had seen her own father, a prey to the fumes of intoxication, forget himself completely for if there was one thing of all things that Gerty knew it was that the man who lifts his hand to a woman save in the way of kindness, deserves to be branded as the lowest of the low.</p>
<p>And still the voices sang in supplication to the Virgin most powerful, Virgin most merciful. And Gerty, rapt in thought, scarce saw or heard her companions or the twins at their boyish gambols or the gentleman off Sandymount green that Cissy Caffrey called the man that was so like himself passing along the strand taking a short walk. You never saw him any way screwed but still and for all that she would not like him for a father because he was too old or something or on account of his face (it was a palpable case of Doctor Fell) or his carbuncly nose with the pimples on it and his sandy moustache a bit white under his nose. Poor father! With all his faults she loved him still when he sang <em>Tell me, Mary, how to woo thee</em> or <em>My love and cottage near Rochelle</em> and they had stewed cockles and lettuce with Lazenby’s salad dressing for supper and when he sang <em>The moon hath raised</em> with Mr Dignam that died suddenly and was buried, God have mercy on him, from a stroke. Her mother’s birthday that was and Charley was home on his holidays and Tom and Mr Dignam and Mrs and Patsy and Freddy Dignam and they were to have had a group taken. No-one would have thought the end was so near. Now he was laid to rest. And her mother said to him to let that be a warning to him for the rest of his days and he couldn’t even go to the funeral on account of the gout and she had to go into town to bring him the letters and samples from his office about Catesby’s cork lino, artistic, standard designs, fit for a palace, gives tiptop wear and always bright and cheery in the home.</p>
<p>A sterling good daughter was Gerty just like a second mother in the house, a ministering angel too with a little heart worth its weight in gold. And when her mother had those raging splitting headaches who was it rubbed the menthol cone on her forehead but Gerty though she didn’t like her mother’s taking pinches of snuff and that was the only single thing they ever had words about, taking snuff. Everyone thought the world of her for her gentle ways. It was Gerty who turned off the gas at the main every night and it was Gerty who tacked up on the wall of that place where she never forgot every fortnight the chlorate of lime Mr Tunney the grocer’s christmas almanac, the picture of halcyon days where a young gentleman in the costume they used to wear then with a threecornered hat was offering a bunch of flowers to his ladylove with oldtime chivalry through her lattice window. You could see there was a story behind it. The colours were done something lovely. She was in a soft clinging white in a studied attitude and the gentleman was in chocolate and he looked a thorough aristocrat. She often looked at them dreamily when she went there for a certain purpose and felt her own arms that were white and soft just like hers with the sleeves back and thought about those times because she had found out in Walker’s pronouncing dictionary that belonged to grandpapa Giltrap about the halcyon days what they meant.</p>
<p>The twins were now playing in the most approved brotherly fashion till at last Master Jacky who was really as bold as brass there was no getting behind that deliberately kicked the ball as hard as ever he could down towards the seaweedy rocks. Needless to say poor Tommy was not slow to voice his dismay but luckily the gentleman in black who was sitting there by himself came gallantly to the rescue and intercepted the ball. Our two champions claimed their plaything with lusty cries and to avoid trouble Cissy Caffrey called to the gentleman to throw it to her please. The gentleman aimed the ball once or twice and then threw it up the strand towards Cissy Caffrey but it rolled down the slope and stopped right under Gerty’s skirt near the little pool by the rock. The twins clamoured again for it and Cissy told her to kick it away and let them fight for it so Gerty drew back her foot but she wished their stupid ball hadn’t come rolling down to her and she gave a kick but she missed and Edy and Cissy laughed.</p>
<p>—If you fail try again, Edy Boardman said.</p>
<p>Gerty smiled assent and bit her lip. A delicate pink crept into her pretty cheek but she was determined to let them see so she just lifted her skirt a little but just enough and took good aim and gave the ball a jolly good kick and it went ever so far and the two twins after it down towards the shingle. Pure jealousy of course it was nothing else to draw attention on account of the gentleman opposite looking. She felt the warm flush, a danger signal always with Gerty MacDowell, surging and flaming into her cheeks. Till then they had only exchanged glances of the most casual but now under the brim of her new hat she ventured a look at him and the face that met her gaze there in the twilight, wan and strangely drawn, seemed to her the saddest she had ever seen.</p>
<p>Through the open window of the church the fragrant incense was wafted and with it the fragrant names of her who was conceived without stain of original sin, spiritual vessel, pray for us, honourable vessel, pray for us, vessel of singular devotion, pray for us, mystical rose. And careworn hearts were there and toilers for their daily bread and many who had erred and wandered, their eyes wet with contrition but for all that bright with hope for the reverend father Father Hughes had told them what the great saint Bernard said in his famous prayer of Mary, the most pious Virgin’s intercessory power that it was not recorded in any age that those who implored her powerful protection were ever abandoned by her.</p>
<p>The twins were now playing again right merrily for the troubles of childhood are but as fleeting summer showers. Cissy Caffrey played with baby Boardman till he crowed with glee, clapping baby hands in air. Peep she cried behind the hood of the pushcar and Edy asked where was Cissy gone and then Cissy popped up her head and cried ah! and, my word, didn’t the little chap enjoy that! And then she told him to say papa.</p>
<p>—Say papa, baby. Say pa pa pa pa pa pa pa.</p>
<p>And baby did his level best to say it for he was very intelligent for eleven months everyone said and big for his age and the picture of health, a perfect little bunch of love, and he would certainly turn out to be something great, they said.</p>
<p>—Haja ja ja haja.</p>
<p>Cissy wiped his little mouth with the dribbling bib and wanted him to sit up properly and say pa pa pa but when she undid the strap she cried out, holy saint Denis, that he was possing wet and to double the half blanket the other way under him. Of course his infant majesty was most obstreperous at such toilet formalities and he let everyone know it:</p>
<p>—Habaa baaaahabaaa baaaa.</p>
<p>And two great big lovely big tears coursing down his cheeks. It was all no use soothering him with no, nono, baby, no and telling him about the geegee and where was the puffpuff but Ciss, always readywitted, gave him in his mouth the teat of the suckingbottle and the young heathen was quickly appeased.</p>
<p>Gerty wished to goodness they would take their squalling baby home out of that and not get on her nerves, no hour to be out, and the little brats of twins. She gazed out towards the distant sea. It was like the paintings that man used to do on the pavement with all the coloured chalks and such a pity too leaving them there to be all blotted out, the evening and the clouds coming out and the Bailey light on Howth and to hear the music like that and the perfume of those incense they burned in the church like a kind of waft. And while she gazed her heart went pitapat. Yes, it was her he was looking at, and there was meaning in his look. His eyes burned into her as though they would search her through and through, read her very soul. Wonderful eyes they were, superbly expressive, but could you trust them? People were so queer. She could see at once by his dark eyes and his pale intellectual face that he was a foreigner, the image of the photo she had of Martin Harvey, the matinee idol, only for the moustache which she preferred because she wasn’t stagestruck like Winny Rippingham that wanted they two to always dress the same on account of a play but she could not see whether he had an aquiline nose or a slightly <em>retroussé</em> from where he was sitting. He was in deep mourning, she could see that, and the story of a haunting sorrow was written on his face. She would have given worlds to know what it was. He was looking up so intently, so still, and he saw her kick the ball and perhaps he could see the bright steel buckles of her shoes if she swung them like that thoughtfully with the toes down. She was glad that something told her to put on the transparent stockings thinking Reggy Wylie might be out but that was far away. Here was that of which she had so often dreamed. It was he who mattered and there was joy on her face because she wanted him because she felt instinctively that he was like no-one else. The very heart of the girlwoman went out to him, her dreamhusband, because she knew on the instant it was him. If he had suffered, more sinned against than sinning, or even, even, if he had been himself a sinner, a wicked man, she cared not. Even if he was a protestant or methodist she could convert him easily if he truly loved her. There were wounds that wanted healing with heartbalm. She was a womanly woman not like other flighty girls unfeminine he had known, those cyclists showing off what they hadn’t got and she just yearned to know all, to forgive all if she could make him fall in love with her, make him forget the memory of the past. Then mayhap he would embrace her gently, like a real man, crushing her soft body to him, and love her, his ownest girlie, for herself alone.</p>
<p>Refuge of sinners. Comfortress of the afflicted. <em>Ora pro nobis</em>. Well has it been said that whosoever prays to her with faith and constancy can never be lost or cast away: and fitly is she too a haven of refuge for the afflicted because of the seven dolours which transpierced her own heart. Gerty could picture the whole scene in the church, the stained glass windows lighted up, the candles, the flowers and the blue banners of the blessed Virgin’s sodality and Father Conroy was helping Canon O’Hanlon at the altar, carrying things in and out with his eyes cast down. He looked almost a saint and his confessionbox was so quiet and clean and dark and his hands were just like white wax and if ever she became a Dominican nun in their white habit perhaps he might come to the convent for the novena of Saint Dominic. He told her that time when she told him about that in confession, crimsoning up to the roots of her hair for fear he could see, not to be troubled because that was only the voice of nature and we were all subject to nature’s laws, he said, in this life and that that was no sin because that came from the nature of woman instituted by God, he said, and that Our Blessed Lady herself said to the archangel Gabriel be it done unto me according to Thy Word. He was so kind and holy and often and often she thought and thought could she work a ruched teacosy with embroidered floral design for him as a present or a clock but they had a clock she noticed on the mantelpiece white and gold with a canarybird that came out of a little house to tell the time the day she went there about the flowers for the forty hours’ adoration because it was hard to know what sort of a present to give or perhaps an album of illuminated views of Dublin or some place.</p>
<p>The exasperating little brats of twins began to quarrel again and Jacky threw the ball out towards the sea and they both ran after it. Little monkeys common as ditchwater. Someone ought to take them and give them a good hiding for themselves to keep them in their places, the both of them. And Cissy and Edy shouted after them to come back because they were afraid the tide might come in on them and be drowned.</p>
<p>—Jacky! Tommy!</p>
<p>Not they! What a great notion they had! So Cissy said it was the very last time she’d ever bring them out. She jumped up and called them and she ran down the slope past him, tossing her hair behind her which had a good enough colour if there had been more of it but with all the thingamerry she was always rubbing into it she couldn’t get it to grow long because it wasn’t natural so she could just go and throw her hat at it. She ran with long gandery strides it was a wonder she didn’t rip up her skirt at the side that was too tight on her because there was a lot of the tomboy about Cissy Caffrey and she was a forward piece whenever she thought she had a good opportunity to show off and just because she was a good runner she ran like that so that he could see all the end of her petticoat running and her skinny shanks up as far as possible. It would have served her just right if she had tripped up over something accidentally on purpose with her high crooked French heels on her to make her look tall and got a fine tumble. <em>Tableau!</em> That would have been a very charming exposé for a gentleman like that to witness.</p>
<p>Queen of angels, queen of patriarchs, queen of prophets, of all saints, they prayed, queen of the most holy rosary and then Father Conroy handed the thurible to Canon O’Hanlon and he put in the incense and censed the Blessed Sacrament and Cissy Caffrey caught the two twins and she was itching to give them a ringing good clip on the ear but she didn’t because she thought he might be watching but she never made a bigger mistake in all her life because Gerty could see without looking that he never took his eyes off of her and then Canon O’Hanlon handed the thurible back to Father Conroy and knelt down looking up at the Blessed Sacrament and the choir began to sing the <em>Tantum ergo</em> and she just swung her foot in and out in time as the music rose and fell to the <em>Tantumer gosa cramen tum</em>. Three and eleven she paid for those stockings in Sparrow’s of George’s street on the Tuesday, no the Monday before Easter and there wasn’t a brack on them and that was what he was looking at, transparent, and not at her insignificant ones that had neither shape nor form (the cheek of her!) because he had eyes in his head to see the difference for himself.</p>
<p>Cissy came up along the strand with the two twins and their ball with her hat anyhow on her to one side after her run and she did look a streel tugging the two kids along with the flimsy blouse she bought only a fortnight before like a rag on her back and a bit of her petticoat hanging like a caricature. Gerty just took off her hat for a moment to settle her hair and a prettier, a daintier head of nutbrown tresses was never seen on a girl’s shoulders—a radiant little vision, in sooth, almost maddening in its sweetness. You would have to travel many a long mile before you found a head of hair the like of that. She could almost see the swift answering flash of admiration in his eyes that set her tingling in every nerve. She put on her hat so that she could see from underneath the brim and swung her buckled shoe faster for her breath caught as she caught the expression in his eyes. He was eying her as a snake eyes its prey. Her woman’s instinct told her that she had raised the devil in him and at the thought a burning scarlet swept from throat to brow till the lovely colour of her face became a glorious rose.</p>
<p>Edy Boardman was noticing it too because she was squinting at Gerty, half smiling, with her specs like an old maid, pretending to nurse the baby. Irritable little gnat she was and always would be and that was why no-one could get on with her poking her nose into what was no concern of hers. And she said to Gerty:</p>
<p>—A penny for your thoughts.</p>
<p>—What? replied Gerty with a smile reinforced by the whitest of teeth. I was only wondering was it late.</p>
<p>Because she wished to goodness they’d take the snottynosed twins and their babby home to the mischief out of that so that was why she just gave a gentle hint about its being late. And when Cissy came up Edy asked her the time and Miss Cissy, as glib as you like, said it was half past kissing time, time to kiss again. But Edy wanted to know because they were told to be in early.</p>
<p>—Wait, said Cissy, I’ll run ask my uncle Peter over there what’s the time by his conundrum.</p>
<p>So over she went and when he saw her coming she could see him take his hand out of his pocket, getting nervous, and beginning to play with his watchchain, looking up at the church. Passionate nature though he was Gerty could see that he had enormous control over himself. One moment he had been there, fascinated by a loveliness that made him gaze, and the next moment it was the quiet gravefaced gentleman, selfcontrol expressed in every line of his distinguishedlooking figure.</p>
<p>Cissy said to excuse her would he mind please telling her what was the right time and Gerty could see him taking out his watch, listening to it and looking up and clearing his throat and he said he was very sorry his watch was stopped but he thought it must be after eight because the sun was set. His voice had a cultured ring in it and though he spoke in measured accents there was a suspicion of a quiver in the mellow tones. Cissy said thanks and came back with her tongue out and said uncle said his waterworks were out of order.</p>
<p>Then they sang the second verse of the <em>Tantum ergo</em> and Canon O’Hanlon got up again and censed the Blessed Sacrament and knelt down and he told Father Conroy that one of the candles was just going to set fire to the flowers and Father Conroy got up and settled it all right and she could see the gentleman winding his watch and listening to the works and she swung her leg more in and out in time. It was getting darker but he could see and he was looking all the time that he was winding the watch or whatever he was doing to it and then he put it back and put his hands back into his pockets. She felt a kind of a sensation rushing all over her and she knew by the feel of her scalp and that irritation against her stays that that thing must be coming on because the last time too was when she clipped her hair on account of the moon. His dark eyes fixed themselves on her again drinking in her every contour, literally worshipping at her shrine. If ever there was undisguised admiration in a man’s passionate gaze it was there plain to be seen on that man’s face. It is for you, Gertrude MacDowell, and you know it.</p>
<p>Edy began to get ready to go and it was high time for her and Gerty noticed that that little hint she gave had had the desired effect because it was a long way along the strand to where there was the place to push up the pushcar and Cissy took off the twins’ caps and tidied their hair to make herself attractive of course and Canon O’Hanlon stood up with his cope poking up at his neck and Father Conroy handed him the card to read off and he read out <em>Panem de coelo praestitisti eis</em> and Edy and Cissy were talking about the time all the time and asking her but Gerty could pay them back in their own coin and she just answered with scathing politeness when Edy asked her was she heartbroken about her best boy throwing her over. Gerty winced sharply. A brief cold blaze shone from her eyes that spoke volumes of scorn immeasurable. It hurt—O yes, it cut deep because Edy had her own quiet way of saying things like that she knew would wound like the confounded little cat she was. Gerty’s lips parted swiftly to frame the word but she fought back the sob that rose to her throat, so slim, so flawless, so beautifully moulded it seemed one an artist might have dreamed of. She had loved him better than he knew. Lighthearted deceiver and fickle like all his sex he would never understand what he had meant to her and for an instant there was in the blue eyes a quick stinging of tears. Their eyes were probing her mercilessly but with a brave effort she sparkled back in sympathy as she glanced at her new conquest for them to see.</p>
<p>—O, responded Gerty, quick as lightning, laughing, and the proud head flashed up. I can throw my cap at who I like because it’s leap year.</p>
<p>Her words rang out crystalclear, more musical than the cooing of the ringdove, but they cut the silence icily. There was that in her young voice that told that she was not a one to be lightly trifled with. As for Mr Reggy with his swank and his bit of money she could just chuck him aside as if he was so much filth and never again would she cast as much as a second thought on him and tear his silly postcard into a dozen pieces. And if ever after he dared to presume she could give him one look of measured scorn that would make him shrivel up on the spot. Miss puny little Edy’s countenance fell to no slight extent and Gerty could see by her looking as black as thunder that she was simply in a towering rage though she hid it, the little kinnatt, because that shaft had struck home for her petty jealousy and they both knew that she was something aloof, apart, in another sphere, that she was not of them and never would be and there was somebody else too that knew it and saw it so they could put that in their pipe and smoke it.</p>
<p>Edy straightened up baby Boardman to get ready to go and Cissy tucked in the ball and the spades and buckets and it was high time too because the sandman was on his way for Master Boardman junior. And Cissy told him too that billy winks was coming and that baby was to go deedaw and baby looked just too ducky, laughing up out of his gleeful eyes, and Cissy poked him like that out of fun in his wee fat tummy and baby, without as much as by your leave, sent up his compliments to all and sundry on to his brandnew dribbling bib.</p>
<p>—O my! Puddeny pie! protested Ciss. He has his bib destroyed.</p>
<p>The slight <em>contretemps</em> claimed her attention but in two twos she set that little matter to rights.</p>
<p>Gerty stifled a smothered exclamation and gave a nervous cough and Edy asked what and she was just going to tell her to catch it while it was flying but she was ever ladylike in her deportment so she simply passed it off with consummate tact by saying that that was the benediction because just then the bell rang out from the steeple over the quiet seashore because Canon O’Hanlon was up on the altar with the veil that Father Conroy put round his shoulders giving the benediction with the Blessed Sacrament in his hands.</p>
<p>How moving the scene there in the gathering twilight, the last glimpse of Erin, the touching chime of those evening bells and at the same time a bat flew forth from the ivied belfry through the dusk, hither, thither, with a tiny lost cry. And she could see far away the lights of the lighthouses so picturesque she would have loved to do with a box of paints because it was easier than to make a man and soon the lamplighter would be going his rounds past the presbyterian church grounds and along by shady Tritonville avenue where the couples walked and lighting the lamp near her window where Reggy Wylie used to turn his freewheel like she read in that book <em>The Lamplighter</em> by Miss Cummins, author of <em>Mabel Vaughan</em> and other tales. For Gerty had her dreams that no-one knew of. She loved to read poetry and when she got a keepsake from Bertha Supple of that lovely confession album with the coralpink cover to write her thoughts in she laid it in the drawer of her toilettable which, though it did not err on the side of luxury, was scrupulously neat and clean. It was there she kept her girlish treasure trove, the tortoiseshell combs, her child of Mary badge, the whiterose scent, the eyebrowleine, her alabaster pouncetbox and the ribbons to change when her things came home from the wash and there were some beautiful thoughts written in it in violet ink that she bought in Hely’s of Dame Street for she felt that she too could write poetry if she could only express herself like that poem that appealed to her so deeply that she had copied out of the newspaper she found one evening round the potherbs. <em>Art thou real, my ideal?</em> it was called by Louis J Walsh, Magherafelt, and after there was something about <em>twilight, wilt thou ever?</em> and ofttimes the beauty of poetry, so sad in its transient loveliness, had misted her eyes with silent tears for she felt that the years were slipping by for her, one by one, and but for that one shortcoming she knew she need fear no competition and that was an accident coming down Dalkey hill and she always tried to conceal it. But it must end, she felt. If she saw that magic lure in his eyes there would be no holding back for her. Love laughs at locksmiths. She would make the great sacrifice. Her every effort would be to share his thoughts. Dearer than the whole world would she be to him and gild his days with happiness. There was the allimportant question and she was dying to know was he a married man or a widower who had lost his wife or some tragedy like the nobleman with the foreign name from the land of song had to have her put into a madhouse, cruel only to be kind. But even if—what then? Would it make a very great difference? From everything in the least indelicate her finebred nature instinctively recoiled. She loathed that sort of person, the fallen women off the accommodation walk beside the Dodder that went with the soldiers and coarse men with no respect for a girl’s honour, degrading the sex and being taken up to the police station. No, no: not that. They would be just good friends like a big brother and sister without all that other in spite of the conventions of Society with a big ess. Perhaps it was an old flame he was in mourning for from the days beyond recall. She thought she understood. She would try to understand him because men were so different. The old love was waiting, waiting with little white hands stretched out, with blue appealing eyes. Heart of mine! She would follow, her dream of love, the dictates of her heart that told her he was her all in all, the only man in all the world for her for love was the master guide. Nothing else mattered. Come what might she would be wild, untrammelled, free.</p>
<p>Canon O’Hanlon put the Blessed Sacrament back into the tabernacle and genuflected and the choir sang <em>Laudate Dominum omnes gentes</em> and then he locked the tabernacle door because the benediction was over and Father Conroy handed him his hat to put on and crosscat Edy asked wasn’t she coming but Jacky Caffrey called out:</p>
<p>—O, look, Cissy!</p>
<p>And they all looked was it sheet lightning but Tommy saw it too over the trees beside the church, blue and then green and purple.</p>
<p>—It’s fireworks, Cissy Caffrey said.</p>
<p>And they all ran down the strand to see over the houses and the church, helterskelter, Edy with the pushcar with baby Boardman in it and Cissy holding Tommy and Jacky by the hand so they wouldn’t fall running.</p>
<p>—Come on, Gerty, Cissy called. It’s the bazaar fireworks.</p>
<p>But Gerty was adamant. She had no intention of being at their beck and call. If they could run like rossies she could sit so she said she could see from where she was. The eyes that were fastened upon her set her pulses tingling. She looked at him a moment, meeting his glance, and a light broke in upon her. Whitehot passion was in that face, passion silent as the grave, and it had made her his. At last they were left alone without the others to pry and pass remarks and she knew he could be trusted to the death, steadfast, a sterling man, a man of inflexible honour to his fingertips. His hands and face were working and a tremour went over her. She leaned back far to look up where the fireworks were and she caught her knee in her hands so as not to fall back looking up and there was no-one to see only him and her when she revealed all her graceful beautifully shaped legs like that, supply soft and delicately rounded, and she seemed to hear the panting of his heart, his hoarse breathing, because she knew too about the passion of men like that, hotblooded, because Bertha Supple told her once in dead secret and made her swear she’d never about the gentleman lodger that was staying with them out of the Congested Districts Board that had pictures cut out of papers of those skirtdancers and highkickers and she said he used to do something not very nice that you could imagine sometimes in the bed. But this was altogether different from a thing like that because there was all the difference because she could almost feel him draw her face to his and the first quick hot touch of his handsome lips. Besides there was absolution so long as you didn’t do the other thing before being married and there ought to be women priests that would understand without your telling out and Cissy Caffrey too sometimes had that dreamy kind of dreamy look in her eyes so that she too, my dear, and Winny Rippingham so mad about actors’ photographs and besides it was on account of that other thing coming on the way it did.</p>
<p>And Jacky Caffrey shouted to look, there was another and she leaned back and the garters were blue to match on account of the transparent and they all saw it and they all shouted to look, look, there it was and she leaned back ever so far to see the fireworks and something queer was flying through the air, a soft thing, to and fro, dark. And she saw a long Roman candle going up over the trees, up, up, and, in the tense hush, they were all breathless with excitement as it went higher and higher and she had to lean back more and more to look up after it, high, high, almost out of sight, and her face was suffused with a divine, an entrancing blush from straining back and he could see her other things too, nainsook knickers, the fabric that caresses the skin, better than those other pettiwidth, the green, four and eleven, on account of being white and she let him and she saw that he saw and then it went so high it went out of sight a moment and she was trembling in every limb from being bent so far back that he had a full view high up above her knee where no-one ever not even on the swing or wading and she wasn’t ashamed and he wasn’t either to look in that immodest way like that because he couldn’t resist the sight of the wondrous revealment half offered like those skirtdancers behaving so immodest before gentlemen looking and he kept on looking, looking. She would fain have cried to him chokingly, held out her snowy slender arms to him to come, to feel his lips laid on her white brow, the cry of a young girl’s love, a little strangled cry, wrung from her, that cry that has rung through the ages. And then a rocket sprang and bang shot blind blank and O! then the Roman candle burst and it was like a sigh of O! and everyone cried O! O! in raptures and it gushed out of it a stream of rain gold hair threads and they shed and ah! they were all greeny dewy stars falling with golden, O so lovely, O, soft, sweet, soft!</p>
<p>Then all melted away dewily in the grey air: all was silent. Ah! She glanced at him as she bent forward quickly, a pathetic little glance of piteous protest, of shy reproach under which he coloured like a girl. He was leaning back against the rock behind. Leopold Bloom (for it is he) stands silent, with bowed head before those young guileless eyes. What a brute he had been! At it again? A fair unsullied soul had called to him and, wretch that he was, how had he answered? An utter cad he had been! He of all men! But there was an infinite store of mercy in those eyes, for him too a word of pardon even though he had erred and sinned and wandered. Should a girl tell? No, a thousand times no. That was their secret, only theirs, alone in the hiding twilight and there was none to know or tell save the little bat that flew so softly through the evening to and fro and little bats don’t tell.</p>
<p>Cissy Caffrey whistled, imitating the boys in the football field to show what a great person she was: and then she cried:</p>
<p>—Gerty! Gerty! We’re going. Come on. We can see from farther up.</p>
<p>Gerty had an idea, one of love’s little ruses. She slipped a hand into her kerchief pocket and took out the wadding and waved in reply of course without letting him and then slipped it back. Wonder if he’s too far to. She rose. Was it goodbye? No. She had to go but they would meet again, there, and she would dream of that till then, tomorrow, of her dream of yester eve. She drew herself up to her full height. Their souls met in a last lingering glance and the eyes that reached her heart, full of a strange shining, hung enraptured on her sweet flowerlike face. She half smiled at him wanly, a sweet forgiving smile, a smile that verged on tears, and then they parted.</p>
<p>Slowly, without looking back she went down the uneven strand to Cissy, to Edy to Jacky and Tommy Caffrey, to little baby Boardman. It was darker now and there were stones and bits of wood on the strand and slippy seaweed. She walked with a certain quiet dignity characteristic of her but with care and very slowly because—because Gerty MacDowell was...</p>
<p>Tight boots? No. She’s lame! O!</p>
<p>Mr Bloom watched her as she limped away. Poor girl! That’s why she’s left on the shelf and the others did a sprint. Thought something was wrong by the cut of her jib. Jilted beauty. A defect is ten times worse in a woman. But makes them polite. Glad I didn’t know it when she was on show. Hot little devil all the same. I wouldn’t mind. Curiosity like a nun or a negress or a girl with glasses. That squinty one is delicate. Near her monthlies, I expect, makes them feel ticklish. I have such a bad headache today. Where did I put the letter? Yes, all right. All kinds of crazy longings. Licking pennies. Girl in Tranquilla convent that nun told me liked to smell rock oil. Virgins go mad in the end I suppose. Sister? How many women in Dublin have it today? Martha, she. Something in the air. That’s the moon. But then why don’t all women menstruate at the same time with the same moon, I mean? Depends on the time they were born I suppose. Or all start scratch then get out of step. Sometimes Molly and Milly together. Anyhow I got the best of that. Damned glad I didn’t do it in the bath this morning over her silly I will punish you letter. Made up for that tramdriver this morning. That gouger M’Coy stopping me to say nothing. And his wife engagement in the country valise, voice like a pickaxe. Thankful for small mercies. Cheap too. Yours for the asking. Because they want it themselves. Their natural craving. Shoals of them every evening poured out of offices. Reserve better. Don’t want it they throw it at you. Catch em alive, O. Pity they can’t see themselves. A dream of wellfilled hose. Where was that? Ah, yes. Mutoscope pictures in Capel street: for men only. Peeping Tom. Willy’s hat and what the girls did with it. Do they snapshot those girls or is it all a fake? <em>Lingerie</em> does it. Felt for the curves inside her <em>déshabillé.</em> Excites them also when they’re. I’m all clean come and dirty me. And they like dressing one another for the sacrifice. Milly delighted with Molly’s new blouse. At first. Put them all on to take them all off. Molly. Why I bought her the violet garters. Us too: the tie he wore, his lovely socks and turnedup trousers. He wore a pair of gaiters the night that first we met. His lovely shirt was shining beneath his what? of jet. Say a woman loses a charm with every pin she takes out. Pinned together. O, Mairy lost the pin of her. Dressed up to the nines for somebody. Fashion part of their charm. Just changes when you’re on the track of the secret. Except the east: Mary, Martha: now as then. No reasonable offer refused. She wasn’t in a hurry either. Always off to a fellow when they are. They never forget an appointment. Out on spec probably. They believe in chance because like themselves. And the others inclined to give her an odd dig. Girl friends at school, arms round each other’s necks or with ten fingers locked, kissing and whispering secrets about nothing in the convent garden. Nuns with whitewashed faces, cool coifs and their rosaries going up and down, vindictive too for what they can’t get. Barbed wire. Be sure now and write to me. And I’ll write to you. Now won’t you? Molly and Josie Powell. Till Mr Right comes along, then meet once in a blue moon. <em>Tableau!</em> O, look who it is for the love of God! How are you at all? What have you been doing with yourself? Kiss and delighted to, kiss, to see you. Picking holes in each other’s appearance. You’re looking splendid. Sister souls. Showing their teeth at one another. How many have you left? Wouldn’t lend each other a pinch of salt.</p>
<p>Ah!</p>
<p>Devils they are when that’s coming on them. Dark devilish appearance. Molly often told me feel things a ton weight. Scratch the sole of my foot. O that way! O, that’s exquisite! Feel it myself too. Good to rest once in a way. Wonder if it’s bad to go with them then. Safe in one way. Turns milk, makes fiddlestrings snap. Something about withering plants I read in a garden. Besides they say if the flower withers she wears she’s a flirt. All are. Daresay she felt I. When you feel like that you often meet what you feel. Liked me or what? Dress they look at. Always know a fellow courting: collars and cuffs. Well cocks and lions do the same and stags. Same time might prefer a tie undone or something. Trousers? Suppose I when I was? No. Gently does it. Dislike rough and tumble. Kiss in the dark and never tell. Saw something in me. Wonder what. Sooner have me as I am than some poet chap with bearsgrease plastery hair, lovelock over his dexter optic. To aid gentleman in literary. Ought to attend to my appearance my age. Didn’t let her see me in profile. Still, you never know. Pretty girls and ugly men marrying. Beauty and the beast. Besides I can’t be so if Molly. Took off her hat to show her hair. Wide brim. Bought to hide her face, meeting someone might know her, bend down or carry a bunch of flowers to smell. Hair strong in rut. Ten bob I got for Molly’s combings when we were on the rocks in Holles street. Why not? Suppose he gave her money. Why not? All a prejudice. She’s worth ten, fifteen, more, a pound. What? I think so. All that for nothing. Bold hand: Mrs Marion. Did I forget to write address on that letter like the postcard I sent to Flynn? And the day I went to Drimmie’s without a necktie. Wrangle with Molly it was put me off. No, I remember. Richie Goulding: he’s another. Weighs on his mind. Funny my watch stopped at half past four. Dust. Shark liver oil they use to clean. Could do it myself. Save. Was that just when he, she?</p>
<p>O, he did. Into her. She did. Done.</p>
<p>Ah!</p>
<p>Mr Bloom with careful hand recomposed his wet shirt. O Lord, that little limping devil. Begins to feel cold and clammy. Aftereffect not pleasant. Still you have to get rid of it someway. They don’t care. Complimented perhaps. Go home to nicey bread and milky and say night prayers with the kiddies. Well, aren’t they? See her as she is spoil all. Must have the stage setting, the rouge, costume, position, music. The name too. <em>Amours</em> of actresses. Nell Gwynn, Mrs Bracegirdle, Maud Branscombe. Curtain up. Moonlight silver effulgence. Maiden discovered with pensive bosom. Little sweetheart come and kiss me. Still, I feel. The strength it gives a man. That’s the secret of it. Good job I let off there behind the wall coming out of Dignam’s. Cider that was. Otherwise I couldn’t have. Makes you want to sing after. <em>Lacaus esant taratara</em>. Suppose I spoke to her. What about? Bad plan however if you don’t know how to end the conversation. Ask them a question they ask you another. Good idea if you’re stuck. Gain time. But then you’re in a cart. Wonderful of course if you say: good evening, and you see she’s on for it: good evening. O but the dark evening in the Appian way I nearly spoke to Mrs Clinch O thinking she was. Whew! Girl in Meath street that night. All the dirty things I made her say. All wrong of course. My arks she called it. It’s so hard to find one who. Aho! If you don’t answer when they solicit must be horrible for them till they harden. And kissed my hand when I gave her the extra two shillings. Parrots. Press the button and the bird will squeak. Wish she hadn’t called me sir. O, her mouth in the dark! And you a married man with a single girl! That’s what they enjoy. Taking a man from another woman. Or even hear of it. Different with me. Glad to get away from other chap’s wife. Eating off his cold plate. Chap in the Burton today spitting back gumchewed gristle. French letter still in my pocketbook. Cause of half the trouble. But might happen sometime, I don’t think. Come in, all is prepared. I dreamt. What? Worst is beginning. How they change the venue when it’s not what they like. Ask you do you like mushrooms because she once knew a gentleman who. Or ask you what someone was going to say when he changed his mind and stopped. Yet if I went the whole hog, say: I want to, something like that. Because I did. She too. Offend her. Then make it up. Pretend to want something awfully, then cry off for her sake. Flatters them. She must have been thinking of someone else all the time. What harm? Must since she came to the use of reason, he, he and he. First kiss does the trick. The propitious moment. Something inside them goes pop. Mushy like, tell by their eye, on the sly. First thoughts are best. Remember that till their dying day. Molly, lieutenant Mulvey that kissed her under the Moorish wall beside the gardens. Fifteen she told me. But her breasts were developed. Fell asleep then. After Glencree dinner that was when we drove home. Featherbed mountain. Gnashing her teeth in sleep. Lord mayor had his eye on her too. Val Dillon. Apoplectic.</p>
<p>There she is with them down there for the fireworks. My fireworks. Up like a rocket, down like a stick. And the children, twins they must be, waiting for something to happen. Want to be grownups. Dressing in mother’s clothes. Time enough, understand all the ways of the world. And the dark one with the mop head and the nigger mouth. I knew she could whistle. Mouth made for that. Like Molly. Why that highclass whore in Jammet’s wore her veil only to her nose. Would you mind, please, telling me the right time? I’ll tell you the right time up a dark lane. Say prunes and prisms forty times every morning, cure for fat lips. Caressing the little boy too. Onlookers see most of the game. Of course they understand birds, animals, babies. In their line.</p>
<p>Didn’t look back when she was going down the strand. Wouldn’t give that satisfaction. Those girls, those girls, those lovely seaside girls. Fine eyes she had, clear. It’s the white of the eye brings that out not so much the pupil. Did she know what I? Course. Like a cat sitting beyond a dog’s jump. Women never meet one like that Wilkins in the high school drawing a picture of Venus with all his belongings on show. Call that innocence? Poor idiot! His wife has her work cut out for her. Never see them sit on a bench marked <em>Wet Paint</em>. Eyes all over them. Look under the bed for what’s not there. Longing to get the fright of their lives. Sharp as needles they are. When I said to Molly the man at the corner of Cuffe street was goodlooking, thought she might like, twigged at once he had a false arm. Had, too. Where do they get that? Typist going up Roger Greene’s stairs two at a time to show her understandings. Handed down from father to, mother to daughter, I mean. Bred in the bone. Milly for example drying her handkerchief on the mirror to save the ironing. Best place for an ad to catch a woman’s eye on a mirror. And when I sent her for Molly’s Paisley shawl to Prescott’s by the way that ad I must, carrying home the change in her stocking! Clever little minx. I never told her. Neat way she carries parcels too. Attract men, small thing like that. Holding up her hand, shaking it, to let the blood flow back when it was red. Who did you learn that from? Nobody. Something the nurse taught me. O, don’t they know! Three years old she was in front of Molly’s dressingtable, just before we left Lombard street west. Me have a nice pace. Mullingar. Who knows? Ways of the world. Young student. Straight on her pins anyway not like the other. Still she was game. Lord, I am wet. Devil you are. Swell of her calf. Transparent stockings, stretched to breaking point. Not like that frump today. A. E. Rumpled stockings. Or the one in Grafton street. White. Wow! Beef to the heel.</p>
<p>A monkey puzzle rocket burst, spluttering in darting crackles. Zrads and zrads, zrads, zrads. And Cissy and Tommy and Jacky ran out to see and Edy after with the pushcar and then Gerty beyond the curve of the rocks. Will she? Watch! Watch! See! Looked round. She smelt an onion. Darling, I saw, your. I saw all.</p>
<p>Lord!</p>
<p>Did me good all the same. Off colour after Kiernan’s, Dignam’s. For this relief much thanks. In <em>Hamlet,</em> that is. Lord! It was all things combined. Excitement. When she leaned back, felt an ache at the butt of my tongue. Your head it simply swirls. He’s right. Might have made a worse fool of myself however. Instead of talking about nothing. Then I will tell you all. Still it was a kind of language between us. It couldn’t be? No, Gerty they called her. Might be false name however like my name and the address Dolphin’s barn a blind.</p>
<p>Her maiden name was Jemina Brown<br />
And she lived with her mother in Irishtown.</p>
<p>Place made me think of that I suppose. All tarred with the same brush. Wiping pens in their stockings. But the ball rolled down to her as if it understood. Every bullet has its billet. Course I never could throw anything straight at school. Crooked as a ram’s horn. Sad however because it lasts only a few years till they settle down to potwalloping and papa’s pants will soon fit Willy and fuller’s earth for the baby when they hold him out to do ah ah. No soft job. Saves them. Keeps them out of harm’s way. Nature. Washing child, washing corpse. Dignam. Children’s hands always round them. Cocoanut skulls, monkeys, not even closed at first, sour milk in their swaddles and tainted curds. Oughtn’t to have given that child an empty teat to suck. Fill it up with wind. Mrs Beaufoy, Purefoy. Must call to the hospital. Wonder is nurse Callan there still. She used to look over some nights when Molly was in the Coffee Palace. That young doctor O’Hare I noticed her brushing his coat. And Mrs Breen and Mrs Dignam once like that too, marriageable. Worst of all at night Mrs Duggan told me in the City Arms. Husband rolling in drunk, stink of pub off him like a polecat. Have that in your nose in the dark, whiff of stale boose. Then ask in the morning: was I drunk last night? Bad policy however to fault the husband. Chickens come home to roost. They stick by one another like glue. Maybe the women’s fault also. That’s where Molly can knock spots off them. It’s the blood of the south. Moorish. Also the form, the figure. Hands felt for the opulent. Just compare for instance those others. Wife locked up at home, skeleton in the cupboard. Allow me to introduce my. Then they trot you out some kind of a nondescript, wouldn’t know what to call her. Always see a fellow’s weak point in his wife. Still there’s destiny in it, falling in love. Have their own secrets between them. Chaps that would go to the dogs if some woman didn’t take them in hand. Then little chits of girls, height of a shilling in coppers, with little hubbies. As God made them he matched them. Sometimes children turn out well enough. Twice nought makes one. Or old rich chap of seventy and blushing bride. Marry in May and repent in December. This wet is very unpleasant. Stuck. Well the foreskin is not back. Better detach.</p>
<p>Ow!</p>
<p>Other hand a sixfooter with a wifey up to his watchpocket. Long and the short of it. Big he and little she. Very strange about my watch. Wristwatches are always going wrong. Wonder is there any magnetic influence between the person because that was about the time he. Yes, I suppose, at once. Cat’s away, the mice will play. I remember looking in Pill lane. Also that now is magnetism. Back of everything magnetism. Earth for instance pulling this and being pulled. That causes movement. And time, well that’s the time the movement takes. Then if one thing stopped the whole ghesabo would stop bit by bit. Because it’s all arranged. Magnetic needle tells you what’s going on in the sun, the stars. Little piece of steel iron. When you hold out the fork. Come. Come. Tip. Woman and man that is. Fork and steel. Molly, he. Dress up and look and suggest and let you see and see more and defy you if you’re a man to see that and, like a sneeze coming, legs, look, look and if you have any guts in you. Tip. Have to let fly.</p>
<p>Wonder how is she feeling in that region. Shame all put on before third person. More put out about a hole in her stocking. Molly, her underjaw stuck out, head back, about the farmer in the ridingboots and spurs at the horse show. And when the painters were in Lombard street west. Fine voice that fellow had. How Giuglini began. Smell that I did. Like flowers. It was too. Violets. Came from the turpentine probably in the paint. Make their own use of everything. Same time doing it scraped her slipper on the floor so they wouldn’t hear. But lots of them can’t kick the beam, I think. Keep that thing up for hours. Kind of a general all round over me and half down my back.</p>
<p>Wait. Hm. Hm. Yes. That’s her perfume. Why she waved her hand. I leave you this to think of me when I’m far away on the pillow. What is it? Heliotrope? No. Hyacinth? Hm. Roses, I think. She’d like scent of that kind. Sweet and cheap: soon sour. Why Molly likes opoponax. Suits her, with a little jessamine mixed. Her high notes and her low notes. At the dance night she met him, dance of the hours. Heat brought it out. She was wearing her black and it had the perfume of the time before. Good conductor, is it? Or bad? Light too. Suppose there’s some connection. For instance if you go into a cellar where it’s dark. Mysterious thing too. Why did I smell it only now? Took its time in coming like herself, slow but sure. Suppose it’s ever so many millions of tiny grains blown across. Yes, it is. Because those spice islands, Cinghalese this morning, smell them leagues off. Tell you what it is. It’s like a fine fine veil or web they have all over the skin, fine like what do you call it gossamer, and they’re always spinning it out of them, fine as anything, like rainbow colours without knowing it. Clings to everything she takes off. Vamp of her stockings. Warm shoe. Stays. Drawers: little kick, taking them off. Byby till next time. Also the cat likes to sniff in her shift on the bed. Know her smell in a thousand. Bathwater too. Reminds me of strawberries and cream. Wonder where it is really. There or the armpits or under the neck. Because you get it out of all holes and corners. Hyacinth perfume made of oil of ether or something. Muskrat. Bag under their tails. One grain pour off odour for years. Dogs at each other behind. Good evening. Evening. How do you sniff? Hm. Hm. Very well, thank you. Animals go by that. Yes now, look at it that way. We’re the same. Some women, instance, warn you off when they have their period. Come near. Then get a hogo you could hang your hat on. Like what? Potted herrings gone stale or. Boof! Please keep off the grass.</p>
<p>Perhaps they get a man smell off us. What though? Cigary gloves long John had on his desk the other day. Breath? What you eat and drink gives that. No. Mansmell, I mean. Must be connected with that because priests that are supposed to be are different. Women buzz round it like flies round treacle. Railed off the altar get on to it at any cost. The tree of forbidden priest. O, father, will you? Let me be the first to. That diffuses itself all through the body, permeates. Source of life. And it’s extremely curious the smell. Celery sauce. Let me.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom inserted his nose. Hm. Into the. Hm. Opening of his waistcoat. Almonds or. No. Lemons it is. Ah no, that’s the soap.</p>
<p>O by the by that lotion. I knew there was something on my mind. Never went back and the soap not paid. Dislike carrying bottles like that hag this morning. Hynes might have paid me that three shillings. I could mention Meagher’s just to remind him. Still if he works that paragraph. Two and nine. Bad opinion of me he’ll have. Call tomorrow. How much do I owe you? Three and nine? Two and nine, sir. Ah. Might stop him giving credit another time. Lose your customers that way. Pubs do. Fellows run up a bill on the slate and then slinking around the back streets into somewhere else.</p>
<p>Here’s this nobleman passed before. Blown in from the bay. Just went as far as turn back. Always at home at dinnertime. Looks mangled out: had a good tuck in. Enjoying nature now. Grace after meals. After supper walk a mile. Sure he has a small bank balance somewhere, government sit. Walk after him now make him awkward like those newsboys me today. Still you learn something. See ourselves as others see us. So long as women don’t mock what matter? That’s the way to find out. Ask yourself who is he now. <em>The Mystery Man on the Beach</em>, prize titbit story by Mr Leopold Bloom. Payment at the rate of one guinea per column. And that fellow today at the graveside in the brown macintosh. Corns on his kismet however. Healthy perhaps absorb all the. Whistle brings rain they say. Must be some somewhere. Salt in the Ormond damp. The body feels the atmosphere. Old Betty’s joints are on the rack. Mother Shipton’s prophecy that is about ships around they fly in the twinkling. No. Signs of rain it is. The royal reader. And distant hills seem coming nigh.</p>
<p>Howth. Bailey light. Two, four, six, eight, nine. See. Has to change or they might think it a house. Wreckers. Grace Darling. People afraid of the dark. Also glowworms, cyclists: lightingup time. Jewels diamonds flash better. Women. Light is a kind of reassuring. Not going to hurt you. Better now of course than long ago. Country roads. Run you through the small guts for nothing. Still two types there are you bob against. Scowl or smile. Pardon! Not at all. Best time to spray plants too in the shade after the sun. Some light still. Red rays are longest. Roygbiv Vance taught us: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet. A star I see. Venus? Can’t tell yet. Two. When three it’s night. Were those nightclouds there all the time? Looks like a phantom ship. No. Wait. Trees are they? An optical illusion. Mirage. Land of the setting sun this. Homerule sun setting in the southeast. My native land, goodnight.</p>
<p>Dew falling. Bad for you, dear, to sit on that stone. Brings on white fluxions. Never have little baby then less he was big strong fight his way up through. Might get piles myself. Sticks too like a summer cold, sore on the mouth. Cut with grass or paper worst. Friction of the position. Like to be that rock she sat on. O sweet little, you don’t know how nice you looked. I begin to like them at that age. Green apples. Grab at all that offer. Suppose it’s the only time we cross legs, seated. Also the library today: those girl graduates. Happy chairs under them. But it’s the evening influence. They feel all that. Open like flowers, know their hours, sunflowers, Jerusalem artichokes, in ballrooms, chandeliers, avenues under the lamps. Nightstock in Mat Dillon’s garden where I kissed her shoulder. Wish I had a full length oilpainting of her then. June that was too I wooed. The year returns. History repeats itself. Ye crags and peaks I’m with you once again. Life, love, voyage round your own little world. And now? Sad about her lame of course but must be on your guard not to feel too much pity. They take advantage.</p>
<p>All quiet on Howth now. The distant hills seem. Where we. The rhododendrons. I am a fool perhaps. He gets the plums, and I the plumstones. Where I come in. All that old hill has seen. Names change: that’s all. Lovers: yum yum.</p>
<p>Tired I feel now. Will I get up? O wait. Drained all the manhood out of me, little wretch. She kissed me. Never again. My youth. Only once it comes. Or hers. Take the train there tomorrow. No. Returning not the same. Like kids your second visit to a house. The new I want. Nothing new under the sun. Care of P. O. Dolphin’s Barn. Are you not happy in your? Naughty darling. At Dolphin’s barn charades in Luke Doyle’s house. Mat Dillon and his bevy of daughters: Tiny, Atty, Floey, Maimy, Louy, Hetty. Molly too. Eightyseven that was. Year before we. And the old major, partial to his drop of spirits. Curious she an only child, I an only child. So it returns. Think you’re escaping and run into yourself. Longest way round is the shortest way home. And just when he and she. Circus horse walking in a ring. Rip van Winkle we played. Rip: tear in Henny Doyle’s overcoat. Van: breadvan delivering. Winkle: cockles and periwinkles. Then I did Rip van Winkle coming back. She leaned on the sideboard watching. Moorish eyes. Twenty years asleep in Sleepy Hollow. All changed. Forgotten. The young are old. His gun rusty from the dew.</p>
<p>Ba. What is that flying about? Swallow? Bat probably. Thinks I’m a tree, so blind. Have birds no smell? Metempsychosis. They believed you could be changed into a tree from grief. Weeping willow. Ba. There he goes. Funny little beggar. Wonder where he lives. Belfry up there. Very likely. Hanging by his heels in the odour of sanctity. Bell scared him out, I suppose. Mass seems to be over. Could hear them all at it. Pray for us. And pray for us. And pray for us. Good idea the repetition. Same thing with ads. Buy from us. And buy from us. Yes, there’s the light in the priest’s house. Their frugal meal. Remember about the mistake in the valuation when I was in Thom’s. Twentyeight it is. Two houses they have. Gabriel Conroy’s brother is curate. Ba. Again. Wonder why they come out at night like mice. They’re a mixed breed. Birds are like hopping mice. What frightens them, light or noise? Better sit still. All instinct like the bird in drouth got water out of the end of a jar by throwing in pebbles. Like a little man in a cloak he is with tiny hands. Weeny bones. Almost see them shimmering, kind of a bluey white. Colours depend on the light you see. Stare the sun for example like the eagle then look at a shoe see a blotch blob yellowish. Wants to stamp his trademark on everything. Instance, that cat this morning on the staircase. Colour of brown turf. Say you never see them with three colours. Not true. That half tabbywhite tortoiseshell in the <em>City Arms</em> with the letter em on her forehead. Body fifty different colours. Howth a while ago amethyst. Glass flashing. That’s how that wise man what’s his name with the burning glass. Then the heather goes on fire. It can’t be tourists’ matches. What? Perhaps the sticks dry rub together in the wind and light. Or broken bottles in the furze act as a burning glass in the sun. Archimedes. I have it! My memory’s not so bad.</p>
<p>Ba. Who knows what they’re always flying for. Insects? That bee last week got into the room playing with his shadow on the ceiling. Might be the one bit me, come back to see. Birds too. Never find out. Or what they say. Like our small talk. And says she and says he. Nerve they have to fly over the ocean and back. Lots must be killed in storms, telegraph wires. Dreadful life sailors have too. Big brutes of oceangoing steamers floundering along in the dark, lowing out like seacows. <em>Faugh a ballagh!</em> Out of that, bloody curse to you! Others in vessels, bit of a handkerchief sail, pitched about like snuff at a wake when the stormy winds do blow. Married too. Sometimes away for years at the ends of the earth somewhere. No ends really because it’s round. Wife in every port they say. She has a good job if she minds it till Johnny comes marching home again. If ever he does. Smelling the tail end of ports. How can they like the sea? Yet they do. The anchor’s weighed. Off he sails with a scapular or a medal on him for luck. Well. And the tephilim no what’s this they call it poor papa’s father had on his door to touch. That brought us out of the land of Egypt and into the house of bondage. Something in all those superstitions because when you go out never know what dangers. Hanging on to a plank or astride of a beam for grim life, lifebelt round him, gulping salt water, and that’s the last of his nibs till the sharks catch hold of him. Do fish ever get seasick?</p>
<p>Then you have a beautiful calm without a cloud, smooth sea, placid, crew and cargo in smithereens, Davy Jones’ locker, moon looking down so peaceful. Not my fault, old cockalorum.</p>
<p>A last lonely candle wandered up the sky from Mirus bazaar in search of funds for Mercer’s hospital and broke, drooping, and shed a cluster of violet but one white stars. They floated, fell: they faded. The shepherd’s hour: the hour of folding: hour of tryst. From house to house, giving his everwelcome double knock, went the nine o’clock postman, the glowworm’s lamp at his belt gleaming here and there through the laurel hedges. And among the five young trees a hoisted lintstock lit the lamp at Leahy’s terrace. By screens of lighted windows, by equal gardens a shrill voice went crying, wailing: <em>Evening Telegraph, stop press edition! Result of the Gold Cup races!</em> and from the door of Dignam’s house a boy ran out and called. Twittering the bat flew here, flew there. Far out over the sands the coming surf crept, grey. Howth settled for slumber, tired of long days, of yumyum rhododendrons (he was old) and felt gladly the night breeze lift, ruffle his fell of ferns. He lay but opened a red eye unsleeping, deep and slowly breathing, slumberous but awake. And far on Kish bank the anchored lightship twinkled, winked at Mr Bloom.</p>
<p>Life those chaps out there must have, stuck in the same spot. Irish Lights board. Penance for their sins. Coastguards too. Rocket and breeches buoy and lifeboat. Day we went out for the pleasure cruise in the Erin’s King, throwing them the sack of old papers. Bears in the zoo. Filthy trip. Drunkards out to shake up their livers. Puking overboard to feed the herrings. Nausea. And the women, fear of God in their faces. Milly, no sign of funk. Her blue scarf loose, laughing. Don’t know what death is at that age. And then their stomachs clean. But being lost they fear. When we hid behind the tree at Crumlin. I didn’t want to. Mamma! Mamma! Babes in the wood. Frightening them with masks too. Throwing them up in the air to catch them. I’ll murder you. Is it only half fun? Or children playing battle. Whole earnest. How can people aim guns at each other. Sometimes they go off. Poor kids! Only troubles wildfire and nettlerash. Calomel purge I got her for that. After getting better asleep with Molly. Very same teeth she has. What do they love? Another themselves? But the morning she chased her with the umbrella. Perhaps so as not to hurt. I felt her pulse. Ticking. Little hand it was: now big. Dearest Papli. All that the hand says when you touch. Loved to count my waistcoat buttons. Her first stays I remember. Made me laugh to see. Little paps to begin with. Left one is more sensitive, I think. Mine too. Nearer the heart? Padding themselves out if fat is in fashion. Her growing pains at night, calling, wakening me. Frightened she was when her nature came on her first. Poor child! Strange moment for the mother too. Brings back her girlhood. Gibraltar. Looking from Buena Vista. O’Hara’s tower. The seabirds screaming. Old Barbary ape that gobbled all his family. Sundown, gunfire for the men to cross the lines. Looking out over the sea she told me. Evening like this, but clear, no clouds. I always thought I’d marry a lord or a rich gentleman coming with a private yacht. <em>Buenas noches, señorita. El hombre ama la muchacha hermosa</em>. Why me? Because you were so foreign from the others.</p>
<p>Better not stick here all night like a limpet. This weather makes you dull. Must be getting on for nine by the light. Go home. Too late for <em>Leah, Lily of Killarney.</em> No. Might be still up. Call to the hospital to see. Hope she’s over. Long day I’ve had. Martha, the bath, funeral, house of Keyes, museum with those goddesses, Dedalus’ song. Then that bawler in Barney Kiernan’s. Got my own back there. Drunken ranters what I said about his God made him wince. Mistake to hit back. Or? No. Ought to go home and laugh at themselves. Always want to be swilling in company. Afraid to be alone like a child of two. Suppose he hit me. Look at it other way round. Not so bad then. Perhaps not to hurt he meant. Three cheers for Israel. Three cheers for the sister-in-law he hawked about, three fangs in her mouth. Same style of beauty. Particularly nice old party for a cup of tea. The sister of the wife of the wild man of Borneo has just come to town. Imagine that in the early morning at close range. Everyone to his taste as Morris said when he kissed the cow. But Dignam’s put the boots on it. Houses of mourning so depressing because you never know. Anyhow she wants the money. Must call to those Scottish Widows as I promised. Strange name. Takes it for granted we’re going to pop off first. That widow on Monday was it outside Cramer’s that looked at me. Buried the poor husband but progressing favourably on the premium. Her widow’s mite. Well? What do you expect her to do? Must wheedle her way along. Widower I hate to see. Looks so forlorn. Poor man O’Connor wife and five children poisoned by mussels here. The sewage. Hopeless. Some good matronly woman in a porkpie hat to mother him. Take him in tow, platter face and a large apron. Ladies’ grey flannelette bloomers, three shillings a pair, astonishing bargain. Plain and loved, loved for ever, they say. Ugly: no woman thinks she is. Love, lie and be handsome for tomorrow we die. See him sometimes walking about trying to find out who played the trick. U. p: up. Fate that is. He, not me. Also a shop often noticed. Curse seems to dog it. Dreamt last night? Wait. Something confused. She had red slippers on. Turkish. Wore the breeches. Suppose she does? Would I like her in pyjamas? Damned hard to answer. Nannetti’s gone. Mailboat. Near Holyhead by now. Must nail that ad of Keyes’s. Work Hynes and Crawford. Petticoats for Molly. She has something to put in them. What’s that? Might be money.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom stooped and turned over a piece of paper on the strand. He brought it near his eyes and peered. Letter? No. Can’t read. Better go. Better. I’m tired to move. Page of an old copybook. All those holes and pebbles. Who could count them? Never know what you find. Bottle with story of a treasure in it, thrown from a wreck. Parcels post. Children always want to throw things in the sea. Trust? Bread cast on the waters. What’s this? Bit of stick.</p>
<p>O! Exhausted that female has me. Not so young now. Will she come here tomorrow? Wait for her somewhere for ever. Must come back. Murderers do. Will I?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom with his stick gently vexed the thick sand at his foot. Write a message for her. Might remain. What?</p>
<p>I.</p>
<p>Some flatfoot tramp on it in the morning. Useless. Washed away. Tide comes here. Saw a pool near her foot. Bend, see my face there, dark mirror, breathe on it, stirs. All these rocks with lines and scars and letters. O, those transparent! Besides they don’t know. What is the meaning of that other world. I called you naughty boy because I do not like.</p>
<p>AM. A.</p>
<p>No room. Let it go.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom effaced the letters with his slow boot. Hopeless thing sand. Nothing grows in it. All fades. No fear of big vessels coming up here. Except Guinness’s barges. Round the Kish in eighty days. Done half by design.</p>
<p>He flung his wooden pen away. The stick fell in silted sand, stuck. Now if you were trying to do that for a week on end you couldn’t. Chance. We’ll never meet again. But it was lovely. Goodbye, dear. Thanks. Made me feel so young.</p>
<p>Short snooze now if I had. Must be near nine. Liverpool boat long gone. Not even the smoke. And she can do the other. Did too. And Belfast. I won’t go. Race there, race back to Ennis. Let him. Just close my eyes a moment. Won’t sleep, though. Half dream. It never comes the same. Bat again. No harm in him. Just a few.</p>
<p>O sweety all your little girlwhite up I saw dirty bracegirdle made me do love sticky we two naughty Grace darling she him half past the bed met him pike hoses frillies for Raoul de perfume your wife black hair heave under embon <em>señorita</em> young eyes Mulvey plump bubs me breadvan Winkle red slippers she rusty sleep wander years of dreams return tail end Agendath swoony lovey showed me her next year in drawers return next in her next her next.</p>
<p>A bat flew. Here. There. Here. Far in the grey a bell chimed. Mr Bloom with open mouth, his left boot sanded sideways, leaned, breathed. Just for a few</p>
<p>Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo.</p>
<p>The clock on the mantelpiece in the priest’s house cooed where Canon O’Hanlon and Father Conroy and the reverend John Hughes S. J. were taking tea and sodabread and butter and fried mutton chops with catsup and talking about</p>
<p>Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo.</p>
<p>Because it was a little canarybird that came out of its little house to tell the time that Gerty MacDowell noticed the time she was there because she was as quick as anything about a thing like that, was Gerty MacDowell, and she noticed at once that that foreign gentleman that was sitting on the rocks looking was</p>
<p>Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo.</p>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-15.htm.html_chap14"></span>[ 14 ]</h3>
<p>Deshil Holles Eamus. Deshil Holles Eamus. Deshil Holles Eamus.</p>
<p>Send us bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit. Send us bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit. Send us bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit.</p>
<p>Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa! Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa! Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa!</p>
<p>Universally that person’s acumen is esteemed very little perceptive concerning whatsoever matters are being held as most profitably by mortals with sapience endowed to be studied who is ignorant of that which the most in doctrine erudite and certainly by reason of that in them high mind’s ornament deserving of veneration constantly maintain when by general consent they affirm that other circumstances being equal by no exterior splendour is the prosperity of a nation more efficaciously asserted than by the measure of how far forward may have progressed the tribute of its solicitude for that proliferent continuance which of evils the original if it be absent when fortunately present constitutes the certain sign of omnipollent nature’s incorrupted benefaction. For who is there who anything of some significance has apprehended but is conscious that that exterior splendour may be the surface of a downwardtending lutulent reality or on the contrary anyone so is there unilluminated as not to perceive that as no nature’s boon can contend against the bounty of increase so it behoves every most just citizen to become the exhortator and admonisher of his semblables and to tremble lest what had in the past been by the nation excellently commenced might be in the future not with similar excellence accomplished if an inverecund habit shall have gradually traduced the honourable by ancestors transmitted customs to that thither of profundity that that one was audacious excessively who would have the hardihood to rise affirming that no more odious offence can for anyone be than to oblivious neglect to consign that evangel simultaneously command and promise which on all mortals with prophecy of abundance or with diminution’s menace that exalted of reiteratedly procreating function ever irrevocably enjoined?</p>
<p>It is not why therefore we shall wonder if, as the best historians relate, among the Celts, who nothing that was not in its nature admirable admired, the art of medicine shall have been highly honoured. Not to speak of hostels, leperyards, sweating chambers, plaguegraves, their greatest doctors, the O’Shiels, the O’Hickeys, the O’Lees, have sedulously set down the divers methods by which the sick and the relapsed found again health whether the malady had been the trembling withering or loose boyconnell flux. Certainly in every public work which in it anything of gravity contains preparation should be with importance commensurate and therefore a plan was by them adopted (whether by having preconsidered or as the maturation of experience it is difficult in being said which the discrepant opinions of subsequent inquirers are not up to the present congrued to render manifest) whereby maternity was so far from all accident possibility removed that whatever care the patient in that allhardest of woman hour chiefly required and not solely for the copiously opulent but also for her who not being sufficiently moneyed scarcely and often not even scarcely could subsist valiantly and for an inconsiderable emolument was provided.</p>
<p>To her nothing already then and thenceforward was anyway able to be molestful for this chiefly felt all citizens except with proliferent mothers prosperity at all not to can be and as they had received eternity gods mortals generation to befit them her beholding, when the case was so hoving itself, parturient in vehicle thereward carrying desire immense among all one another was impelling on of her to be received into that domicile. O thing of prudent nation not merely in being seen but also even in being related worthy of being praised that they her by anticipation went seeing mother, that she by them suddenly to be about to be cherished had been begun she felt!</p>
<p>Before born bliss babe had. Within womb won he worship. Whatever in that one case done commodiously done was. A couch by midwives attended with wholesome food reposeful, cleanest swaddles as though forthbringing were now done and by wise foresight set: but to this no less of what drugs there is need and surgical implements which are pertaining to her case not omitting aspect of all very distracting spectacles in various latitudes by our terrestrial orb offered together with images, divine and human, the cogitation of which by sejunct females is to tumescence conducive or eases issue in the high sunbright wellbuilt fair home of mothers when, ostensibly far gone and reproductitive, it is come by her thereto to lie in, her term up.</p>
<p>Some man that wayfaring was stood by housedoor at night’s oncoming. Of Israel’s folk was that man that on earth wandering far had fared. Stark ruth of man his errand that him lone led till that house.</p>
<p>Of that house A. Horne is lord. Seventy beds keeps he there teeming mothers are wont that they lie for to thole and bring forth bairns hale so God’s angel to Mary quoth. Watchers tway there walk, white sisters in ward sleepless. Smarts they still, sickness soothing: in twelve moons thrice an hundred. Truest bedthanes they twain are, for Horne holding wariest ward.</p>
<p>In ward wary the watcher hearing come that man mildhearted eft rising with swire ywimpled to him her gate wide undid. Lo, levin leaping lightens in eyeblink Ireland’s westward welkin. Full she drad that God the Wreaker all mankind would fordo with water for his evil sins. Christ’s rood made she on breastbone and him drew that he would rathe infare under her thatch. That man her will wotting worthful went in Horne’s house.</p>
<p>Loth to irk in Horne’s hall hat holding the seeker stood. On her stow he ere was living with dear wife and lovesome daughter that then over land and seafloor nine years had long outwandered. Once her in townhithe meeting he to her bow had not doffed. Her to forgive now he craved with good ground of her allowed that that of him swiftseen face, hers, so young then had looked. Light swift her eyes kindled, bloom of blushes his word winning.</p>
<p>As her eyes then ongot his weeds swart therefor sorrow she feared. Glad after she was that ere adread was. Her he asked if O’Hare Doctor tidings sent from far coast and she with grameful sigh him answered that O’Hare Doctor in heaven was. Sad was the man that word to hear that him so heavied in bowels ruthful. All she there told him, ruing death for friend so young, algate sore unwilling God’s rightwiseness to withsay. She said that he had a fair sweet death through God His goodness with masspriest to be shriven, holy housel and sick men’s oil to his limbs. The man then right earnest asked the nun of which death the dead man was died and the nun answered him and said that he was died in Mona Island through bellycrab three year agone come Childermas and she prayed to God the Allruthful to have his dear soul in his undeathliness. He heard her sad words, in held hat sad staring. So stood they there both awhile in wanhope sorrowing one with other.</p>
<p>Therefore, everyman, look to that last end that is thy death and the dust that gripeth on every man that is born of woman for as he came naked forth from his mother’s womb so naked shall he wend him at the last for to go as he came.</p>
<p>The man that was come in to the house then spoke to the nursingwoman and he asked her how it fared with the woman that lay there in childbed. The nursingwoman answered him and said that that woman was in throes now full three days and that it would be a hard birth unneth to bear but that now in a little it would be. She said thereto that she had seen many births of women but never was none so hard as was that woman’s birth. Then she set it all forth to him for because she knew the man that time was had lived nigh that house. The man hearkened to her words for he felt with wonder women’s woe in the travail that they have of motherhood and he wondered to look on her face that was a fair face for any man to see but yet was she left after long years a handmaid. Nine twelve bloodflows chiding her childless.</p>
<p>And whiles they spake the door of the castle was opened and there nighed them a mickle noise as of many that sat there at meat. And there came against the place as they stood a young learningknight yclept Dixon. And the traveller Leopold was couth to him sithen it had happed that they had had ado each with other in the house of misericord where this learningknight lay by cause the traveller Leopold came there to be healed for he was sore wounded in his breast by a spear wherewith a horrible and dreadful dragon was smitten him for which he did do make a salve of volatile salt and chrism as much as he might suffice. And he said now that he should go in to that castle for to make merry with them that were there. And the traveller Leopold said that he should go otherwhither for he was a man of cautels and a subtile. Also the lady was of his avis and repreved the learningknight though she trowed well that the traveller had said thing that was false for his subtility. But the learningknight would not hear say nay nor do her mandement ne have him in aught contrarious to his list and he said how it was a marvellous castle. And the traveller Leopold went into the castle for to rest him for a space being sore of limb after many marches environing in divers lands and sometime venery.</p>
<p>And in the castle was set a board that was of the birchwood of Finlandy and it was upheld by four dwarfmen of that country but they durst not move more for enchantment. And on this board were frightful swords and knives that are made in a great cavern by swinking demons out of white flames that they fix then in the horns of buffalos and stags that there abound marvellously. And there were vessels that are wrought by magic of Mahound out of seasand and the air by a warlock with his breath that he blases in to them like to bubbles. And full fair cheer and rich was on the board that no wight could devise a fuller ne richer. And there was a vat of silver that was moved by craft to open in the which lay strange fishes withouten heads though misbelieving men nie that this be possible thing without they see it natheless they are so. And these fishes lie in an oily water brought there from Portugal land because of the fatness that therein is like to the juices of the olivepress. And also it was a marvel to see in that castle how by magic they make a compost out of fecund wheatkidneys out of Chaldee that by aid of certain angry spirits that they do in to it swells up wondrously like to a vast mountain. And they teach the serpents there to entwine themselves up on long sticks out of the ground and of the scales of these serpents they brew out a brewage like to mead.</p>
<p>And the learning knight let pour for childe Leopold a draught and halp thereto the while all they that were there drank every each. And childe Leopold did up his beaver for to pleasure him and took apertly somewhat in amity for he never drank no manner of mead which he then put by and anon full privily he voided the more part in his neighbour glass and his neighbour nist not of this wile. And he sat down in that castle with them for to rest him there awhile. Thanked be Almighty God.</p>
<p>This meanwhile this good sister stood by the door and begged them at the reverence of Jesu our alther liege Lord to leave their wassailing for there was above one quick with child, a gentle dame, whose time hied fast. Sir Leopold heard on the upfloor cry on high and he wondered what cry that it was whether of child or woman and I marvel, said he, that it be not come or now. Meseems it dureth overlong. And he was ware and saw a franklin that hight Lenehan on that side the table that was older than any of the tother and for that they both were knights virtuous in the one emprise and eke by cause that he was elder he spoke to him full gently. But, said he, or it be long too she will bring forth by God His bounty and have joy of her childing for she hath waited marvellous long. And the franklin that had drunken said, Expecting each moment to be her next. Also he took the cup that stood tofore him for him needed never none asking nor desiring of him to drink and, Now drink, said he, fully delectably, and he quaffed as far as he might to their both’s health for he was a passing good man of his lustiness. And sir Leopold that was the goodliest guest that ever sat in scholars’ hall and that was the meekest man and the kindest that ever laid husbandly hand under hen and that was the very truest knight of the world one that ever did minion service to lady gentle pledged him courtly in the cup. Woman’s woe with wonder pondering.</p>
<p>Now let us speak of that fellowship that was there to the intent to be drunken an they might. There was a sort of scholars along either side the board, that is to wit, Dixon yclept junior of saint Mary Merciable’s with other his fellows Lynch and Madden, scholars of medicine, and the franklin that hight Lenehan and one from Alba Longa, one Crotthers, and young Stephen that had mien of a frere that was at head of the board and Costello that men clepen Punch Costello all long of a mastery of him erewhile gested (and of all them, reserved young Stephen, he was the most drunken that demanded still of more mead) and beside the meek sir Leopold. But on young Malachi they waited for that he promised to have come and such as intended to no goodness said how he had broke his avow. And sir Leopold sat with them for he bore fast friendship to sir Simon and to this his son young Stephen and for that his languor becalmed him there after longest wanderings insomuch as they feasted him for that time in the honourablest manner. Ruth red him, love led on with will to wander, loth to leave.</p>
<p>For they were right witty scholars. And he heard their aresouns each gen other as touching birth and righteousness, young Madden maintaining that put such case it were hard the wife to die (for so it had fallen out a matter of some year agone with a woman of Eblana in Horne’s house that now was trespassed out of this world and the self night next before her death all leeches and pothecaries had taken counsel of her case). And they said farther she should live because in the beginning, they said, the woman should bring forth in pain and wherefore they that were of this imagination affirmed how young Madden had said truth for he had conscience to let her die. And not few and of these was young Lynch were in doubt that the world was now right evil governed as it was never other howbeit the mean people believed it otherwise but the law nor his judges did provide no remedy. A redress God grant. This was scant said but all cried with one acclaim nay, by our Virgin Mother, the wife should live and the babe to die. In colour whereof they waxed hot upon that head what with argument and what for their drinking but the franklin Lenehan was prompt each when to pour them ale so that at the least way mirth might not lack. Then young Madden showed all the whole affair and said how that she was dead and how for holy religion sake by rede of palmer and bedesman and for a vow he had made to Saint Ultan of Arbraccan her goodman husband would not let her death whereby they were all wondrous grieved. To whom young Stephen had these words following: Murmur, sirs, is eke oft among lay folk. Both babe and parent now glorify their Maker, the one in limbo gloom, the other in purgefire. But, gramercy, what of those Godpossibled souls that we nightly impossibilise, which is the sin against the Holy Ghost, Very God, Lord and Giver of Life? For, sirs, he said, our lust is brief. We are means to those small creatures within us and nature has other ends than we. Then said Dixon junior to Punch Costello wist he what ends. But he had overmuch drunken and the best word he could have of him was that he would ever dishonest a woman whoso she were or wife or maid or leman if it so fortuned him to be delivered of his spleen of lustihead. Whereat Crotthers of Alba Longa sang young Malachi’s praise of that beast the unicorn how once in the millennium he cometh by his horn, the other all this while, pricked forward with their jibes wherewith they did malice him, witnessing all and several by saint Foutinus his engines that he was able to do any manner of thing that lay in man to do. Thereat laughed they all right jocundly only young Stephen and sir Leopold which never durst laugh too open by reason of a strange humour which he would not bewray and also for that he rued for her that bare whoso she might be or wheresoever. Then spake young Stephen orgulous of mother Church that would cast him out of her bosom, of law of canons, of Lilith, patron of abortions, of bigness wrought by wind of seeds of brightness or by potency of vampires mouth to mouth or, as Virgilius saith, by the influence of the occident or by the reek of moonflower or an she lie with a woman which her man has but lain with, <em>effectu secuto</em>, or peradventure in her bath according to the opinions of Averroes and Moses Maimonides. He said also how at the end of the second month a human soul was infused and how in all our holy mother foldeth ever souls for God’s greater glory whereas that earthly mother which was but a dam to bear beastly should die by canon for so saith he that holdeth the fisherman’s seal, even that blessed Peter on which rock was holy church for all ages founded. All they bachelors then asked of sir Leopold would he in like case so jeopard her person as risk life to save life. A wariness of mind he would answer as fitted all and, laying hand to jaw, he said dissembling, as his wont was, that as it was informed him, who had ever loved the art of physic as might a layman, and agreeing also with his experience of so seldomseen an accident it was good for that mother Church belike at one blow had birth and death pence and in such sort deliverly he scaped their questions. That is truth, pardy, said Dixon, and, or I err, a pregnant word. Which hearing young Stephen was a marvellous glad man and he averred that he who stealeth from the poor lendeth to the Lord for he was of a wild manner when he was drunken and that he was now in that taking it appeared eftsoons.</p>
<p>But sir Leopold was passing grave maugre his word by cause he still had pity of the terrorcausing shrieking of shrill women in their labour and as he was minded of his good lady Marion that had borne him an only manchild which on his eleventh day on live had died and no man of art could save so dark is destiny. And she was wondrous stricken of heart for that evil hap and for his burial did him on a fair corselet of lamb’s wool, the flower of the flock, lest he might perish utterly and lie akeled (for it was then about the midst of the winter) and now sir Leopold that had of his body no manchild for an heir looked upon him his friend’s son and was shut up in sorrow for his forepassed happiness and as sad as he was that him failed a son of such gentle courage (for all accounted him of real parts) so grieved he also in no less measure for young Stephen for that he lived riotously with those wastrels and murdered his goods with whores.</p>
<p>About that present time young Stephen filled all cups that stood empty so as there remained but little mo if the prudenter had not shadowed their approach from him that still plied it very busily who, praying for the intentions of the sovereign pontiff, he gave them for a pledge the vicar of Christ which also as he said is vicar of Bray. Now drink we, quod he, of this mazer and quaff ye this mead which is not indeed parcel of my body but my soul’s bodiment. Leave ye fraction of bread to them that live by bread alone. Be not afeard neither for any want for this will comfort more than the other will dismay. See ye here. And he showed them glistering coins of the tribute and goldsmith notes the worth of two pound nineteen shilling that he had, he said, for a song which he writ. They all admired to see the foresaid riches in such dearth of money as was herebefore. His words were then these as followeth: Know all men, he said, time’s ruins build eternity’s mansions. What means this? Desire’s wind blasts the thorntree but after it becomes from a bramblebush to be a rose upon the rood of time. Mark me now. In woman’s womb word is made flesh but in the spirit of the maker all flesh that passes becomes the word that shall not pass away. This is the postcreation. <em>Omnis caro ad te veniet</em>. No question but her name is puissant who aventried the dear corse of our Agenbuyer, Healer and Herd, our mighty mother and mother most venerable and Bernardus saith aptly that She hath an <em>omnipotentiam deiparae supplicem</em>, that is to wit, an almightiness of petition because she is the second Eve and she won us, saith Augustine too, whereas that other, our grandam, which we are linked up with by successive anastomosis of navelcords sold us all, seed, breed and generation, for a penny pippin. But here is the matter now. Or she knew him, that second I say, and was but creature of her creature, <em>vergine madre, figlia di tuo figlio</em>, or she knew him not and then stands she in the one denial or ignorancy with Peter Piscator who lives in the house that Jack built and with Joseph the joiner patron of the happy demise of all unhappy marriages, <em>parceque M. Léo Taxil nous a dit que qui l’avait mise dans cette fichue position c’était le sacré pigeon, ventre de Dieu! Entweder</em> transubstantiality <em>oder</em> consubstantiality but in no case subsubstantiality. And all cried out upon it for a very scurvy word. A pregnancy without joy, he said, a birth without pangs, a body without blemish, a belly without bigness. Let the lewd with faith and fervour worship. With will will we withstand, withsay.</p>
<p>Hereupon Punch Costello dinged with his fist upon the board and would sing a bawdy catch <em>Staboo Stabella</em> about a wench that was put in pod of a jolly swashbuckler in Almany which he did straightways now attack: <em>The first three months she was not well, Staboo,</em> when here nurse Quigley from the door angerly bid them hist ye should shame you nor was it not meet as she remembered them being her mind was to have all orderly against lord Andrew came for because she was jealous that no gasteful turmoil might shorten the honour of her guard. It was an ancient and a sad matron of a sedate look and christian walking, in habit dun beseeming her megrims and wrinkled visage, nor did her hortative want of it effect for incontinently Punch Costello was of them all embraided and they reclaimed the churl with civil rudeness some and shaked him with menace of blandishments others whiles they all chode with him, a murrain seize the dolt, what a devil he would be at, thou chuff, thou puny, thou got in peasestraw, thou losel, thou chitterling, thou spawn of a rebel, thou dykedropt, thou abortion thou, to shut up his drunken drool out of that like a curse of God ape, the good sir Leopold that had for his cognisance the flower of quiet, margerain gentle, advising also the time’s occasion as most sacred and most worthy to be most sacred. In Horne’s house rest should reign.</p>
<p>To be short this passage was scarce by when Master Dixon of Mary in Eccles, goodly grinning, asked young Stephen what was the reason why he had not cided to take friar’s vows and he answered him obedience in the womb, chastity in the tomb but involuntary poverty all his days. Master Lenehan at this made return that he had heard of those nefarious deeds and how, as he heard hereof counted, he had besmirched the lily virtue of a confiding female which was corruption of minors and they all intershowed it too, waxing merry and toasting to his fathership. But he said very entirely it was clean contrary to their suppose for he was the eternal son and ever virgin. Thereat mirth grew in them the more and they rehearsed to him his curious rite of wedlock for the disrobing and deflowering of spouses, as the priests use in Madagascar island, she to be in guise of white and saffron, her groom in white and grain, with burning of nard and tapers, on a bridebed while clerks sung kyries and the anthem <em>Ut novetur sexus omnis corporis mysterium</em> till she was there unmaided. He gave them then a much admirable hymen minim by those delicate poets Master John Fletcher and Master Francis Beaumont that is in their <em>Maid’s Tragedy</em> that was writ for a like twining of lovers: <em>To bed, to bed</em> was the burden of it to be played with accompanable concent upon the virginals. An exquisite dulcet epithalame of most mollificative suadency for juveniles amatory whom the odoriferous flambeaus of the paranymphs have escorted to the quadrupedal proscenium of connubial communion. Well met they were, said Master Dixon, joyed, but, harkee, young sir, better were they named Beau Mount and Lecher for, by my troth, of such a mingling much might come. Young Stephen said indeed to his best remembrance they had but the one doxy between them and she of the stews to make shift with in delights amorous for life ran very high in those days and the custom of the country approved with it. Greater love than this, he said, no man hath that a man lay down his wife for his friend. Go thou and do likewise. Thus, or words to that effect, saith Zarathustra, sometime regius professor of French letters to the university of Oxtail nor breathed there ever that man to whom mankind was more beholden. Bring a stranger within thy tower it will go hard but thou wilt have the secondbest bed. <em>Orate, fratres, pro memetipso</em>. And all the people shall say, Amen. Remember, Erin, thy generations and thy days of old, how thou settedst little by me and by my word and broughtedst in a stranger to my gates to commit fornication in my sight and to wax fat and kick like Jeshurum. Therefore hast thou sinned against my light and hast made me, thy lord, to be the slave of servants. Return, return, Clan Milly: forget me not, O Milesian. Why hast thou done this abomination before me that thou didst spurn me for a merchant of jalaps and didst deny me to the Roman and to the Indian of dark speech with whom thy daughters did lie luxuriously? Look forth now, my people, upon the land of behest, even from Horeb and from Nebo and from Pisgah and from the Horns of Hatten unto a land flowing with milk and money. But thou hast suckled me with a bitter milk: my moon and my sun thou hast quenched for ever. And thou hast left me alone for ever in the dark ways of my bitterness: and with a kiss of ashes hast thou kissed my mouth. This tenebrosity of the interior, he proceeded to say, hath not been illumined by the wit of the septuagint nor so much as mentioned for the Orient from on high which brake hell’s gates visited a darkness that was foraneous. Assuefaction minorates atrocities (as Tully saith of his darling Stoics) and Hamlet his father showeth the prince no blister of combustion. The adiaphane in the noon of life is an Egypt’s plague which in the nights of prenativity and postmortemity is their most proper <em>ubi</em> and <em>quomodo</em>. And as the ends and ultimates of all things accord in some mean and measure with their inceptions and originals, that same multiplicit concordance which leads forth growth from birth accomplishing by a retrogressive metamorphosis that minishing and ablation towards the final which is agreeable unto nature so is it with our subsolar being. The aged sisters draw us into life: we wail, batten, sport, clip, clasp, sunder, dwindle, die: over us dead they bend. First, saved from waters of old Nile, among bulrushes, a bed of fasciated wattles: at last the cavity of a mountain, an occulted sepulchre amid the conclamation of the hillcat and the ossifrage. And as no man knows the ubicity of his tumulus nor to what processes we shall thereby be ushered nor whether to Tophet or to Edenville in the like way is all hidden when we would backward see from what region of remoteness the whatness of our whoness hath fetched his whenceness.</p>
<p>Thereto Punch Costello roared out mainly <em>Etienne chanson</em> but he loudly bid them, lo, wisdom hath built herself a house, this vast majestic longstablished vault, the crystal palace of the Creator, all in applepie order, a penny for him who finds the pea.</p>
<p>Behold the mansion reared by dedal Jack<br />
See the malt stored in many a refluent sack,<br />
In the proud cirque of Jackjohn’s bivouac.</p>
<p>A black crack of noise in the street here, alack, bawled back. Loud on left Thor thundered: in anger awful the hammerhurler. Came now the storm that hist his heart. And Master Lynch bade him have a care to flout and witwanton as the god self was angered for his hellprate and paganry. And he that had erst challenged to be so doughty waxed wan as they might all mark and shrank together and his pitch that was before so haught uplift was now of a sudden quite plucked down and his heart shook within the cage of his breast as he tasted the rumour of that storm. Then did some mock and some jeer and Punch Costello fell hard again to his yale which Master Lenehan vowed he would do after and he was indeed but a word and a blow on any the least colour. But the braggart boaster cried that an old Nobodaddy was in his cups it was muchwhat indifferent and he would not lag behind his lead. But this was only to dye his desperation as cowed he crouched in Horne’s hall. He drank indeed at one draught to pluck up a heart of any grace for it thundered long rumblingly over all the heavens so that Master Madden, being godly certain whiles, knocked him on his ribs upon that crack of doom and Master Bloom, at the braggart’s side, spoke to him calming words to slumber his great fear, advertising how it was no other thing but a hubbub noise that he heard, the discharge of fluid from the thunderhead, look you, having taken place, and all of the order of a natural phenomenon.</p>
<p>But was young Boasthard’s fear vanquished by Calmer’s words? No, for he had in his bosom a spike named Bitterness which could not by words be done away. And was he then neither calm like the one nor godly like the other? He was neither as much as he would have liked to be either. But could he not have endeavoured to have found again as in his youth the bottle Holiness that then he lived withal? Indeed no for Grace was not there to find that bottle. Heard he then in that clap the voice of the god Bringforth or, what Calmer said, a hubbub of Phenomenon? Heard? Why, he could not but hear unless he had plugged him up the tube Understanding (which he had not done). For through that tube he saw that he was in the land of Phenomenon where he must for a certain one day die as he was like the rest too a passing show. And would he not accept to die like the rest and pass away? By no means would he though he must nor would he make more shows according as men do with wives which Phenomenon has commanded them to do by the book Law. Then wotted he nought of that other land which is called Believe-on-Me, that is the land of promise which behoves to the king Delightful and shall be for ever where there is no death and no birth neither wiving nor mothering at which all shall come as many as believe on it? Yes, Pious had told him of that land and Chaste had pointed him to the way but the reason was that in the way he fell in with a certain whore of an eyepleasing exterior whose name, she said, is Bird-in-the-Hand and she beguiled him wrongways from the true path by her flatteries that she said to him as, Ho, you pretty man, turn aside hither and I will show you a brave place, and she lay at him so flatteringly that she had him in her grot which is named Two-in-the-Bush or, by some learned, Carnal Concupiscence.</p>
<p>This was it what all that company that sat there at commons in Manse of Mothers the most lusted after and if they met with this whore Bird-in-the-Hand (which was within all foul plagues, monsters and a wicked devil) they would strain the last but they would make at her and know her. For regarding Believe-on-Me they said it was nought else but notion and they could conceive no thought of it for, first, Two-in-the-Bush whither she ticed them was the very goodliest grot and in it were four pillows on which were four tickets with these words printed on them, Pickaback and Topsyturvy and Shameface and Cheek by Jowl and, second, for that foul plague Allpox and the monsters they cared not for them for Preservative had given them a stout shield of oxengut and, third, that they might take no hurt neither from Offspring that was that wicked devil by virtue of this same shield which was named Killchild. So were they all in their blind fancy, Mr Cavil and Mr Sometimes Godly, Mr Ape Swillale, Mr False Franklin, Mr Dainty Dixon, Young Boasthard and Mr Cautious Calmer. Wherein, O wretched company, were ye all deceived for that was the voice of the god that was in a very grievous rage that he would presently lift his arm up and spill their souls for their abuses and their spillings done by them contrariwise to his word which forth to bring brenningly biddeth.</p>
<p>So Thursday sixteenth June Patk. Dignam laid in clay of an apoplexy and after hard drought, please God, rained, a bargeman coming in by water a fifty mile or thereabout with turf saying the seed won’t sprout, fields athirst, very sadcoloured and stunk mightily, the quags and tofts too. Hard to breathe and all the young quicks clean consumed without sprinkle this long while back as no man remembered to be without. The rosy buds all gone brown and spread out blobs and on the hills nought but dry flag and faggots that would catch at first fire. All the world saying, for aught they knew, the big wind of last February a year that did havoc the land so pitifully a small thing beside this barrenness. But by and by, as said, this evening after sundown, the wind sitting in the west, biggish swollen clouds to be seen as the night increased and the weatherwise poring up at them and some sheet lightnings at first and after, past ten of the clock, one great stroke with a long thunder and in a brace of shakes all scamper pellmell within door for the smoking shower, the men making shelter for their straws with a clout or kerchief, womenfolk skipping off with kirtles catched up soon as the pour came. In Ely place, Baggot street, Duke’s lawn, thence through Merrion green up to Holles street a swash of water flowing that was before bonedry and not one chair or coach or fiacre seen about but no more crack after that first. Over against the Rt. Hon. Mr Justice Fitzgibbon’s door (that is to sit with Mr Healy the lawyer upon the college lands) Mal. Mulligan a gentleman’s gentleman that had but come from Mr Moore’s the writer’s (that was a papish but is now, folk say, a good Williamite) chanced against Alec. Bannon in a cut bob (which are now in with dance cloaks of Kendal green) that was new got to town from Mullingar with the stage where his coz and Mal M’s brother will stay a month yet till Saint Swithin and asks what in the earth he does there, he bound home and he to Andrew Horne’s being stayed for to crush a cup of wine, so he said, but would tell him of a skittish heifer, big of her age and beef to the heel, and all this while poured with rain and so both together on to Horne’s. There Leop. Bloom of Crawford’s journal sitting snug with a covey of wags, likely brangling fellows, Dixon jun., scholar of my lady of Mercy’s, Vin. Lynch, a Scots fellow, Will. Madden, T. Lenehan, very sad about a racer he fancied and Stephen D. Leop. Bloom there for a languor he had but was now better, he having dreamed tonight a strange fancy of his dame Mrs Moll with red slippers on in a pair of Turkey trunks which is thought by those in ken to be for a change and Mistress Purefoy there, that got in through pleading her belly, and now on the stools, poor body, two days past her term, the midwives sore put to it and can’t deliver, she queasy for a bowl of riceslop that is a shrewd drier up of the insides and her breath very heavy more than good and should be a bullyboy from the knocks, they say, but God give her soon issue. ’Tis her ninth chick to live, I hear, and Lady day bit off her last chick’s nails that was then a twelvemonth and with other three all breastfed that died written out in a fair hand in the king’s bible. Her hub fifty odd and a methodist but takes the sacrament and is to be seen any fair sabbath with a pair of his boys off Bullock harbour dapping on the sound with a heavybraked reel or in a punt he has trailing for flounder and pollock and catches a fine bag, I hear. In sum an infinite great fall of rain and all refreshed and will much increase the harvest yet those in ken say after wind and water fire shall come for a prognostication of Malachi’s almanac (and I hear that Mr Russell has done a prophetical charm of the same gist out of the Hindustanish for his farmer’s gazette) to have three things in all but this a mere fetch without bottom of reason for old crones and bairns yet sometimes they are found in the right guess with their queerities no telling how.</p>
<p>With this came up Lenehan to the feet of the table to say how the letter was in that night’s gazette and he made a show to find it about him (for he swore with an oath that he had been at pains about it) but on Stephen’s persuasion he gave over the search and was bidden to sit near by which he did mighty brisk. He was a kind of sport gentleman that went for a merryandrew or honest pickle and what belonged of women, horseflesh or hot scandal he had it pat. To tell the truth he was mean in fortunes and for the most part hankered about the coffeehouses and low taverns with crimps, ostlers, bookies, Paul’s men, runners, flatcaps, waistcoateers, ladies of the bagnio and other rogues of the game or with a chanceable catchpole or a tipstaff often at nights till broad day of whom he picked up between his sackpossets much loose gossip. He took his ordinary at a boilingcook’s and if he had but gotten into him a mess of broken victuals or a platter of tripes with a bare tester in his purse he could always bring himself off with his tongue, some randy quip he had from a punk or whatnot that every mother’s son of them would burst their sides. The other, Costello that is, hearing this talk asked was it poetry or a tale. Faith, no, he says, Frank (that was his name), ’tis all about Kerry cows that are to be butchered along of the plague. But they can go hang, says he with a wink, for me with their bully beef, a pox on it. There’s as good fish in this tin as ever came out of it and very friendly he offered to take of some salty sprats that stood by which he had eyed wishly in the meantime and found the place which was indeed the chief design of his embassy as he was sharpset. <em>Mort aux vaches</em>, says Frank then in the French language that had been indentured to a brandyshipper that has a winelodge in Bordeaux and he spoke French like a gentleman too. From a child this Frank had been a donought that his father, a headborough, who could ill keep him to school to learn his letters and the use of the globes, matriculated at the university to study the mechanics but he took the bit between his teeth like a raw colt and was more familiar with the justiciary and the parish beadle than with his volumes. One time he would be a playactor, then a sutler or a welsher, then nought would keep him from the bearpit and the cocking main, then he was for the ocean sea or to hoof it on the roads with the romany folk, kidnapping a squire’s heir by favour of moonlight or fecking maids’ linen or choking chicken behind a hedge. He had been off as many times as a cat has lives and back again with naked pockets as many more to his father the headborough who shed a pint of tears as often as he saw him. What, says Mr Leopold with his hands across, that was earnest to know the drift of it, will they slaughter all? I protest I saw them but this day morning going to the Liverpool boats, says he. I can scarce believe ’tis so bad, says he. And he had experience of the like brood beasts and of springers, greasy hoggets and wether wool, having been some years before actuary for Mr Joseph Cuffe, a worthy salesmaster that drove his trade for live stock and meadow auctions hard by Mr Gavin Low’s yard in Prussia street. I question with you there, says he. More like ’tis the hoose or the timber tongue. Mr Stephen, a little moved but very handsomely told him no such matter and that he had dispatches from the emperor’s chief tailtickler thanking him for the hospitality, that was sending over Doctor Rinderpest, the bestquoted cowcatcher in all Muscovy, with a bolus or two of physic to take the bull by the horns. Come, come, says Mr Vincent, plain dealing. He’ll find himself on the horns of a dilemma if he meddles with a bull that’s Irish, says he. Irish by name and irish by nature, says Mr Stephen, and he sent the ale purling about, an Irish bull in an English chinashop. I conceive you, says Mr Dixon. It is that same bull that was sent to our island by farmer Nicholas, the bravest cattlebreeder of them all, with an emerald ring in his nose. True for you, says Mr Vincent cross the table, and a bullseye into the bargain, says he, and a plumper and a portlier bull, says he, never shit on shamrock. He had horns galore, a coat of cloth of gold and a sweet smoky breath coming out of his nostrils so that the women of our island, leaving doughballs and rollingpins, followed after him hanging his bulliness in daisychains. What for that, says Mr Dixon, but before he came over farmer Nicholas that was a eunuch had him properly gelded by a college of doctors who were no better off than himself. So be off now, says he, and do all my cousin german the lord Harry tells you and take a farmer’s blessing, and with that he slapped his posteriors very soundly. But the slap and the blessing stood him friend, says Mr Vincent, for to make up he taught him a trick worth two of the other so that maid, wife, abbess and widow to this day affirm that they would rather any time of the month whisper in his ear in the dark of a cowhouse or get a lick on the nape from his long holy tongue than lie with the finest strapping young ravisher in the four fields of all Ireland. Another then put in his word: And they dressed him, says he, in a point shift and petticoat with a tippet and girdle and ruffles on his wrists and clipped his forelock and rubbed him all over with spermacetic oil and built stables for him at every turn of the road with a gold manger in each full of the best hay in the market so that he could doss and dung to his heart’s content. By this time the father of the faithful (for so they called him) was grown so heavy that he could scarce walk to pasture. To remedy which our cozening dames and damsels brought him his fodder in their apronlaps and as soon as his belly was full he would rear up on his hind quarters to show their ladyships a mystery and roar and bellow out of him in bulls’ language and they all after him. Ay, says another, and so pampered was he that he would suffer nought to grow in all the land but green grass for himself (for that was the only colour to his mind) and there was a board put up on a hillock in the middle of the island with a printed notice, saying: By the Lord Harry, Green is the grass that grows on the ground. And, says Mr Dixon, if ever he got scent of a cattleraider in Roscommon or the wilds of Connemara or a husbandman in Sligo that was sowing as much as a handful of mustard or a bag of rapeseed out he’d run amok over half the countryside rooting up with his horns whatever was planted and all by lord Harry’s orders. There was bad blood between them at first, says Mr Vincent, and the lord Harry called farmer Nicholas all the old Nicks in the world and an old whoremaster that kept seven trulls in his house and I’ll meddle in his matters, says he. I’ll make that animal smell hell, says he, with the help of that good pizzle my father left me. But one evening, says Mr Dixon, when the lord Harry was cleaning his royal pelt to go to dinner after winning a boatrace (he had spade oars for himself but the first rule of the course was that the others were to row with pitchforks) he discovered in himself a wonderful likeness to a bull and on picking up a blackthumbed chapbook that he kept in the pantry he found sure enough that he was a lefthanded descendant of the famous champion bull of the Romans, <em>Bos Bovum</em>, which is good bog Latin for boss of the show. After that, says Mr Vincent, the lord Harry put his head into a cow’s drinkingtrough in the presence of all his courtiers and pulling it out again told them all his new name. Then, with the water running off him, he got into an old smock and skirt that had belonged to his grandmother and bought a grammar of the bulls’ language to study but he could never learn a word of it except the first personal pronoun which he copied out big and got off by heart and if ever he went out for a walk he filled his pockets with chalk to write it upon what took his fancy, the side of a rock or a teahouse table or a bale of cotton or a corkfloat. In short, he and the bull of Ireland were soon as fast friends as an arse and a shirt. They were, says Mr Stephen, and the end was that the men of the island seeing no help was toward, as the ungrate women were all of one mind, made a wherry raft, loaded themselves and their bundles of chattels on shipboard, set all masts erect, manned the yards, sprang their luff, heaved to, spread three sheets in the wind, put her head between wind and water, weighed anchor, ported her helm, ran up the jolly Roger, gave three times three, let the bullgine run, pushed off in their bumboat and put to sea to recover the main of America. Which was the occasion, says Mr Vincent, of the composing by a boatswain of that rollicking chanty:</p>
<p><em>—Pope Peter’s but a pissabed.<br />
A man’s a man for a’ that.</em></p>
<p>Our worthy acquaintance Mr Malachi Mulligan now appeared in the doorway as the students were finishing their apologue accompanied with a friend whom he had just rencountered, a young gentleman, his name Alec Bannon, who had late come to town, it being his intention to buy a colour or a cornetcy in the fencibles and list for the wars. Mr Mulligan was civil enough to express some relish of it all the more as it jumped with a project of his own for the cure of the very evil that had been touched on. Whereat he handed round to the company a set of pasteboard cards which he had had printed that day at Mr Quinnell’s bearing a legend printed in fair italics: <em>Mr Malachi Mulligan. Fertiliser and Incubator. Lambay Island</em>. His project, as he went on to expound, was to withdraw from the round of idle pleasures such as form the chief business of sir Fopling Popinjay and sir Milksop Quidnunc in town and to devote himself to the noblest task for which our bodily organism has been framed. Well, let us hear of it, good my friend, said Mr Dixon. I make no doubt it smacks of wenching. Come, be seated, both. ’Tis as cheap sitting as standing. Mr Mulligan accepted of the invitation and, expatiating upon his design, told his hearers that he had been led into this thought by a consideration of the causes of sterility, both the inhibitory and the prohibitory, whether the inhibition in its turn were due to conjugal vexations or to a parsimony of the balance as well as whether the prohibition proceeded from defects congenital or from proclivities acquired. It grieved him plaguily, he said, to see the nuptial couch defrauded of its dearest pledges: and to reflect upon so many agreeable females with rich jointures, a prey to the vilest bonzes, who hide their flambeau under a bushel in an uncongenial cloister or lose their womanly bloom in the embraces of some unaccountable muskin when they might multiply the inlets of happiness, sacrificing the inestimable jewel of their sex when a hundred pretty fellows were at hand to caress, this, he assured them, made his heart weep. To curb this inconvenient (which he concluded due to a suppression of latent heat), having advised with certain counsellors of worth and inspected into this matter, he had resolved to purchase in fee simple for ever the freehold of Lambay island from its holder, lord Talbot de Malahide, a Tory gentleman of note much in favour with our ascendancy party. He proposed to set up there a national fertilising farm to be named <em>Omphalos</em> with an obelisk hewn and erected after the fashion of Egypt and to offer his dutiful yeoman services for the fecundation of any female of what grade of life soever who should there direct to him with the desire of fulfilling the functions of her natural. Money was no object, he said, nor would he take a penny for his pains. The poorest kitchenwench no less than the opulent lady of fashion, if so be their constructions and their tempers were warm persuaders for their petitions, would find in him their man. For his nutriment he shewed how he would feed himself exclusively upon a diet of savoury tubercles and fish and coneys there, the flesh of these latter prolific rodents being highly recommended for his purpose, both broiled and stewed with a blade of mace and a pod or two of capsicum chillies. After this homily which he delivered with much warmth of asseveration Mr Mulligan in a trice put off from his hat a kerchief with which he had shielded it. They both, it seems, had been overtaken by the rain and for all their mending their pace had taken water, as might be observed by Mr Mulligan’s smallclothes of a hodden grey which was now somewhat piebald. His project meanwhile was very favourably entertained by his auditors and won hearty eulogies from all though Mr Dixon of Mary’s excepted to it, asking with a finicking air did he purpose also to carry coals to Newcastle. Mr Mulligan however made court to the scholarly by an apt quotation from the classics which, as it dwelt upon his memory, seemed to him a sound and tasteful support of his contention: <em>Talis ac tanta depravatio hujus seculi, O quirites, ut matresfamiliarum nostrae lascivas cujuslibet semiviri libici titillationes testibus ponderosis atque excelsis erectionibus centurionum Romanorum magnopere anteponunt</em>, while for those of ruder wit he drove home his point by analogies of the animal kingdom more suitable to their stomach, the buck and doe of the forest glade, the farmyard drake and duck.</p>
<p>Valuing himself not a little upon his elegance, being indeed a proper man of person, this talkative now applied himself to his dress with animadversions of some heat upon the sudden whimsy of the atmospherics while the company lavished their encomiums upon the project he had advanced. The young gentleman, his friend, overjoyed as he was at a passage that had late befallen him, could not forbear to tell it his nearest neighbour. Mr Mulligan, now perceiving the table, asked for whom were those loaves and fishes and, seeing the stranger, he made him a civil bow and said, Pray, sir, was you in need of any professional assistance we could give? Who, upon his offer, thanked him very heartily, though preserving his proper distance, and replied that he was come there about a lady, now an inmate of Horne’s house, that was in an interesting condition, poor body, from woman’s woe (and here he fetched a deep sigh) to know if her happiness had yet taken place. Mr Dixon, to turn the table, took on to ask of Mr Mulligan himself whether his incipient ventripotence, upon which he rallied him, betokened an ovoblastic gestation in the prostatic utricle or male womb or was due, as with the noted physician, Mr Austin Meldon, to a wolf in the stomach. For answer Mr Mulligan, in a gale of laughter at his smalls, smote himself bravely below the diaphragm, exclaiming with an admirable droll mimic of Mother Grogan (the most excellent creature of her sex though ’tis pity she’s a trollop): There’s a belly that never bore a bastard. This was so happy a conceit that it renewed the storm of mirth and threw the whole room into the most violent agitations of delight. The spry rattle had run on in the same vein of mimicry but for some larum in the antechamber.</p>
<p>Here the listener who was none other than the Scotch student, a little fume of a fellow, blond as tow, congratulated in the liveliest fashion with the young gentleman and, interrupting the narrative at a salient point, having desired his visavis with a polite beck to have the obligingness to pass him a flagon of cordial waters at the same time by a questioning poise of the head (a whole century of polite breeding had not achieved so nice a gesture) to which was united an equivalent but contrary balance of the bottle asked the narrator as plainly as was ever done in words if he might treat him with a cup of it. <em>Mais bien sûr</em>, noble stranger, said he cheerily, <em>et mille compliments</em>. That you may and very opportunely. There wanted nothing but this cup to crown my felicity. But, gracious heaven, was I left with but a crust in my wallet and a cupful of water from the well, my God, I would accept of them and find it in my heart to kneel down upon the ground and give thanks to the powers above for the happiness vouchsafed me by the Giver of good things. With these words he approached the goblet to his lips, took a complacent draught of the cordial, slicked his hair and, opening his bosom, out popped a locket that hung from a silk riband, that very picture which he had cherished ever since her hand had wrote therein. Gazing upon those features with a world of tenderness, Ah, Monsieur, he said, had you but beheld her as I did with these eyes at that affecting instant with her dainty tucker and her new coquette cap (a gift for her feastday as she told me prettily) in such an artless disorder, of so melting a tenderness, ’pon my conscience, even you, Monsieur, had been impelled by generous nature to deliver yourself wholly into the hands of such an enemy or to quit the field for ever. I declare, I was never so touched in all my life. God, I thank thee, as the Author of my days! Thrice happy will he be whom so amiable a creature will bless with her favours. A sigh of affection gave eloquence to these words and, having replaced the locket in his bosom, he wiped his eye and sighed again. Beneficent Disseminator of blessings to all Thy creatures, how great and universal must be that sweetest of Thy tyrannies which can hold in thrall the free and the bond, the simple swain and the polished coxcomb, the lover in the heyday of reckless passion and the husband of maturer years. But indeed, sir, I wander from the point. How mingled and imperfect are all our sublunary joys. Maledicity! he exclaimed in anguish. Would to God that foresight had but remembered me to take my cloak along! I could weep to think of it. Then, though it had poured seven showers, we were neither of us a penny the worse. But beshrew me, he cried, clapping hand to his forehead, tomorrow will be a new day and, thousand thunders, I know of a <em>marchand de capotes</em>, Monsieur Poyntz, from whom I can have for a <em>livre</em> as snug a cloak of the French fashion as ever kept a lady from wetting. Tut, tut! cries Le Fécondateur, tripping in, my friend Monsieur Moore, that most accomplished traveller (I have just cracked a half bottle <em>avec lui</em> in a circle of the best wits of the town), is my authority that in Cape Horn, <em>ventre biche</em>, they have a rain that will wet through any, even the stoutest cloak. A drenching of that violence, he tells me, <em>sans blague</em>, has sent more than one luckless fellow in good earnest posthaste to another world. Pooh! A <em>livre!</em> cries Monsieur Lynch. The clumsy things are dear at a sou. One umbrella, were it no bigger than a fairy mushroom, is worth ten such stopgaps. No woman of any wit would wear one. My dear Kitty told me today that she would dance in a deluge before ever she would starve in such an ark of salvation for, as she reminded me (blushing piquantly and whispering in my ear though there was none to snap her words but giddy butterflies), dame Nature, by the divine blessing, has implanted it in our hearts and it has become a household word that <em>il y a deux choses</em> for which the innocence of our original garb, in other circumstances a breach of the proprieties, is the fittest, nay, the only garment. The first, said she (and here my pretty philosopher, as I handed her to her tilbury, to fix my attention, gently tipped with her tongue the outer chamber of my ear), the first is a bath... But at this point a bell tinkling in the hall cut short a discourse which promised so bravely for the enrichment of our store of knowledge.</p>
<p>Amid the general vacant hilarity of the assembly a bell rang and, while all were conjecturing what might be the cause, Miss Callan entered and, having spoken a few words in a low tone to young Mr Dixon, retired with a profound bow to the company. The presence even for a moment among a party of debauchees of a woman endued with every quality of modesty and not less severe than beautiful refrained the humourous sallies even of the most licentious but her departure was the signal for an outbreak of ribaldry. Strike me silly, said Costello, a low fellow who was fuddled. A monstrous fine bit of cowflesh! I’ll be sworn she has rendezvoused you. What, you dog? Have you a way with them? Gad’s bud, immensely so, said Mr Lynch. The bedside manner it is that they use in the Mater hospice. Demme, does not Doctor O’Gargle chuck the nuns there under the chin. As I look to be saved I had it from my Kitty who has been wardmaid there any time these seven months. Lawksamercy, doctor, cried the young blood in the primrose vest, feigning a womanish simper and with immodest squirmings of his body, how you do tease a body! Drat the man! Bless me, I’m all of a wibbly wobbly. Why, you’re as bad as dear little Father Cantekissem, that you are! May this pot of four half choke me, cried Costello, if she aint in the family way. I knows a lady what’s got a white swelling quick as I claps eyes on her. The young surgeon, however, rose and begged the company to excuse his retreat as the nurse had just then informed him that he was needed in the ward. Merciful providence had been pleased to put a period to the sufferings of the lady who was <em>enceinte</em> which she had borne with a laudable fortitude and she had given birth to a bouncing boy. I want patience, said he, with those who, without wit to enliven or learning to instruct, revile an ennobling profession which, saving the reverence due to the Deity, is the greatest power for happiness upon the earth. I am positive when I say that if need were I could produce a cloud of witnesses to the excellence of her noble exercitations which, so far from being a byword, should be a glorious incentive in the human breast. I cannot away with them. What? Malign such an one, the amiable Miss Callan, who is the lustre of her own sex and the astonishment of ours? And at an instant the most momentous that can befall a puny child of clay? Perish the thought! I shudder to think of the future of a race where the seeds of such malice have been sown and where no right reverence is rendered to mother and maid in house of Horne. Having delivered himself of this rebuke he saluted those present on the by and repaired to the door. A murmur of approval arose from all and some were for ejecting the low soaker without more ado, a design which would have been effected nor would he have received more than his bare deserts had he not abridged his transgression by affirming with a horrid imprecation (for he swore a round hand) that he was as good a son of the true fold as ever drew breath. Stap my vitals, said he, them was always the sentiments of honest Frank Costello which I was bred up most particular to honour thy father and thy mother that had the best hand to a rolypoly or a hasty pudding as you ever see what I always looks back on with a loving heart.</p>
<p>To revert to Mr Bloom who, after his first entry, had been conscious of some impudent mocks which he however had borne with as being the fruits of that age upon which it is commonly charged that it knows not pity. The young sparks, it is true, were as full of extravagancies as overgrown children: the words of their tumultuary discussions were difficultly understood and not often nice: their testiness and outrageous <em>mots</em> were such that his intellects resiled from: nor were they scrupulously sensible of the proprieties though their fund of strong animal spirits spoke in their behalf. But the word of Mr Costello was an unwelcome language for him for he nauseated the wretch that seemed to him a cropeared creature of a misshapen gibbosity, born out of wedlock and thrust like a crookback toothed and feet first into the world, which the dint of the surgeon’s pliers in his skull lent indeed a colour to, so as to put him in thought of that missing link of creation’s chain desiderated by the late ingenious Mr Darwin. It was now for more than the middle span of our allotted years that he had passed through the thousand vicissitudes of existence and, being of a wary ascendancy and self a man of rare forecast, he had enjoined his heart to repress all motions of a rising choler and, by intercepting them with the readiest precaution, foster within his breast that plenitude of sufferance which base minds jeer at, rash judgers scorn and all find tolerable and but tolerable. To those who create themselves wits at the cost of feminine delicacy (a habit of mind which he never did hold with) to them he would concede neither to bear the name nor to herit the tradition of a proper breeding: while for such that, having lost all forbearance, can lose no more, there remained the sharp antidote of experience to cause their insolency to beat a precipitate and inglorious retreat. Not but what he could feel with mettlesome youth which, caring nought for the mows of dotards or the gruntlings of the severe, is ever (as the chaste fancy of the Holy Writer expresses it) for eating of the tree forbid it yet not so far forth as to pretermit humanity upon any condition soever towards a gentlewoman when she was about her lawful occasions. To conclude, while from the sister’s words he had reckoned upon a speedy delivery he was, however, it must be owned, not a little alleviated by the intelligence that the issue so auspicated after an ordeal of such duress now testified once more to the mercy as well as to the bounty of the Supreme Being.</p>
<p>Accordingly he broke his mind to his neighbour, saying that, to express his notion of the thing, his opinion (who ought not perchance to express one) was that one must have a cold constitution and a frigid genius not to be rejoiced by this freshest news of the fruition of her confinement since she had been in such pain through no fault of hers. The dressy young blade said it was her husband’s that put her in that expectation or at least it ought to be unless she were another Ephesian matron. I must acquaint you, said Mr Crotthers, clapping on the table so as to evoke a resonant comment of emphasis, old Glory Allelujurum was round again today, an elderly man with dundrearies, preferring through his nose a request to have word of Wilhelmina, my life, as he calls her. I bade him hold himself in readiness for that the event would burst anon. ’Slife, I’ll be round with you. I cannot but extol the virile potency of the old bucko that could still knock another child out of her. All fell to praising of it, each after his own fashion, though the same young blade held with his former view that another than her conjugial had been the man in the gap, a clerk in orders, a linkboy (virtuous) or an itinerant vendor of articles needed in every household. Singular, communed the guest with himself, the wonderfully unequal faculty of metempsychosis possessed by them, that the puerperal dormitory and the dissecting theatre should be the seminaries of such frivolity, that the mere acquisition of academic titles should suffice to transform in a pinch of time these votaries of levity into exemplary practitioners of an art which most men anywise eminent have esteemed the noblest. But, he further added, it is mayhap to relieve the pentup feelings that in common oppress them for I have more than once observed that birds of a feather laugh together.</p>
<p>But with what fitness, let it be asked of the noble lord, his patron, has this alien, whom the concession of a gracious prince has admitted to civic rights, constituted himself the lord paramount of our internal polity? Where is now that gratitude which loyalty should have counselled? During the recent war whenever the enemy had a temporary advantage with his granados did this traitor to his kind not seize that moment to discharge his piece against the empire of which he is a tenant at will while he trembled for the security of his four per cents? Has he forgotten this as he forgets all benefits received? Or is it that from being a deluder of others he has become at last his own dupe as he is, if report belie him not, his own and his only enjoyer? Far be it from candour to violate the bedchamber of a respectable lady, the daughter of a gallant major, or to cast the most distant reflections upon her virtue but if he challenges attention there (as it was indeed highly his interest not to have done) then be it so. Unhappy woman, she has been too long and too persistently denied her legitimate prerogative to listen to his objurgations with any other feeling than the derision of the desperate. He says this, a censor of morals, a very pelican in his piety, who did not scruple, oblivious of the ties of nature, to attempt illicit intercourse with a female domestic drawn from the lowest strata of society! Nay, had the hussy’s scouringbrush not been her tutelary angel, it had gone with her as hard as with Hagar, the Egyptian! In the question of the grazing lands his peevish asperity is notorious and in Mr Cuffe’s hearing brought upon him from an indignant rancher a scathing retort couched in terms as straightforward as they were bucolic. It ill becomes him to preach that gospel. Has he not nearer home a seedfield that lies fallow for the want of the ploughshare? A habit reprehensible at puberty is second nature and an opprobrium in middle life. If he must dispense his balm of Gilead in nostrums and apothegms of dubious taste to restore to health a generation of unfledged profligates let his practice consist better with the doctrines that now engross him. His marital breast is the repository of secrets which decorum is reluctant to adduce. The lewd suggestions of some faded beauty may console him for a consort neglected and debauched but this new exponent of morals and healer of ills is at his best an exotic tree which, when rooted in its native orient, throve and flourished and was abundant in balm but, transplanted to a clime more temperate, its roots have lost their quondam vigour while the stuff that comes away from it is stagnant, acid and inoperative.</p>
<p>The news was imparted with a circumspection recalling the ceremonial usage of the Sublime Porte by the second female infirmarian to the junior medical officer in residence, who in his turn announced to the delegation that an heir had been born. When he had betaken himself to the women’s apartment to assist at the prescribed ceremony of the afterbirth in the presence of the secretary of state for domestic affairs and the members of the privy council, silent in unanimous exhaustion and approbation the delegates, chafing under the length and solemnity of their vigil and hoping that the joyful occurrence would palliate a licence which the simultaneous absence of abigail and obstetrician rendered the easier, broke out at once into a strife of tongues. In vain the voice of Mr Canvasser Bloom was heard endeavouring to urge, to mollify, to refrain. The moment was too propitious for the display of that discursiveness which seemed the only bond of union among tempers so divergent. Every phase of the situation was successively eviscerated: the prenatal repugnance of uterine brothers, the Caesarean section, posthumity with respect to the father and, that rarer form, with respect to the mother, the fratricidal case known as the Childs Murder and rendered memorable by the impassioned plea of Mr Advocate Bushe which secured the acquittal of the wrongfully accused, the rights of primogeniture and king’s bounty touching twins and triplets, miscarriages and infanticides, simulated or dissimulated, the acardiac <em>foetus in foetu</em> and aprosopia due to a congestion, the agnathia of certain chinless Chinamen (cited by Mr Candidate Mulligan) in consequence of defective reunion of the maxillary knobs along the medial line so that (as he said) one ear could hear what the other spoke, the benefits of anesthesia or twilight sleep, the prolongation of labour pains in advanced gravidancy by reason of pressure on the vein, the premature relentment of the amniotic fluid (as exemplified in the actual case) with consequent peril of sepsis to the matrix, artificial insemination by means of syringes, involution of the womb consequent upon the menopause, the problem of the perpetration of the species in the case of females impregnated by delinquent rape, that distressing manner of delivery called by the Brandenburghers <em>Sturzgeburt,</em> the recorded instances of multiseminal, twikindled and monstrous births conceived during the catamenic period or of consanguineous parents—in a word all the cases of human nativity which Aristotle has classified in his masterpiece with chromolithographic illustrations. The gravest problems of obstetrics and forensic medicine were examined with as much animation as the most popular beliefs on the state of pregnancy such as the forbidding to a gravid woman to step over a countrystile lest, by her movement, the navelcord should strangle her creature and the injunction upon her in the event of a yearning, ardently and ineffectually entertained, to place her hand against that part of her person which long usage has consecrated as the seat of castigation. The abnormalities of harelip, breastmole, supernumerary digits, negro’s inkle, strawberry mark and portwine stain were alleged by one as a <em>prima facie</em> and natural hypothetical explanation of those swineheaded (the case of Madame Grissel Steevens was not forgotten) or doghaired infants occasionally born. The hypothesis of a plasmic memory, advanced by the Caledonian envoy and worthy of the metaphysical traditions of the land he stood for, envisaged in such cases an arrest of embryonic development at some stage antecedent to the human. An outlandish delegate sustained against both these views, with such heat as almost carried conviction, the theory of copulation between women and the males of brutes, his authority being his own avouchment in support of fables such as that of the Minotaur which the genius of the elegant Latin poet has handed down to us in the pages of his Metamorphoses. The impression made by his words was immediate but shortlived. It was effaced as easily as it had been evoked by an allocution from Mr Candidate Mulligan in that vein of pleasantry which none better than he knew how to affect, postulating as the supremest object of desire a nice clean old man. Contemporaneously, a heated argument having arisen between Mr Delegate Madden and Mr Candidate Lynch regarding the juridical and theological dilemma created in the event of one Siamese twin predeceasing the other, the difficulty by mutual consent was referred to Mr Canvasser Bloom for instant submittal to Mr Coadjutor Deacon Dedalus. Hitherto silent, whether the better to show by preternatural gravity that curious dignity of the garb with which he was invested or in obedience to an inward voice, he delivered briefly and, as some thought, perfunctorily the ecclesiastical ordinance forbidding man to put asunder what God has joined.</p>
<p>But Malachias’ tale began to freeze them with horror. He conjured up the scene before them. The secret panel beside the chimney slid back and in the recess appeared... Haines! Which of us did not feel his flesh creep! He had a portfolio full of Celtic literature in one hand, in the other a phial marked <em>Poison.</em> Surprise, horror, loathing were depicted on all faces while he eyed them with a ghostly grin. I anticipated some such reception, he began with an eldritch laugh, for which, it seems, history is to blame. Yes, it is true. I am the murderer of Samuel Childs. And how I am punished! The inferno has no terrors for me. This is the appearance is on me. Tare and ages, what way would I be resting at all, he muttered thickly, and I tramping Dublin this while back with my share of songs and himself after me the like of a soulth or a bullawurrus? My hell, and Ireland’s, is in this life. It is what I tried to obliterate my crime. Distractions, rookshooting, the Erse language (he recited some), laudanum (he raised the phial to his lips), camping out. In vain! His spectre stalks me. Dope is my only hope... Ah! Destruction! The black panther! With a cry he suddenly vanished and the panel slid back. An instant later his head appeared in the door opposite and said: Meet me at Westland Row station at ten past eleven. He was gone. Tears gushed from the eyes of the dissipated host. The seer raised his hand to heaven, murmuring: The vendetta of Mananaun! The sage repeated: <em>Lex talionis</em>. The sentimentalist is he who would enjoy without incurring the immense debtorship for a thing done. Malachias, overcome by emotion, ceased. The mystery was unveiled. Haines was the third brother. His real name was Childs. The black panther was himself the ghost of his own father. He drank drugs to obliterate. For this relief much thanks. The lonely house by the graveyard is uninhabited. No soul will live there. The spider pitches her web in the solitude. The nocturnal rat peers from his hole. A curse is on it. It is haunted. Murderer’s ground.</p>
<p>What is the age of the soul of man? As she hath the virtue of the chameleon to change her hue at every new approach, to be gay with the merry and mournful with the downcast, so too is her age changeable as her mood. No longer is Leopold, as he sits there, ruminating, chewing the cud of reminiscence, that staid agent of publicity and holder of a modest substance in the funds. A score of years are blown away. He is young Leopold. There, as in a retrospective arrangement, a mirror within a mirror (hey, presto!), he beholdeth himself. That young figure of then is seen, precociously manly, walking on a nipping morning from the old house in Clanbrassil street to the high school, his booksatchel on him bandolierwise, and in it a goodly hunk of wheaten loaf, a mother’s thought. Or it is the same figure, a year or so gone over, in his first hard hat (ah, that was a day!), already on the road, a fullfledged traveller for the family firm, equipped with an orderbook, a scented handkerchief (not for show only), his case of bright trinketware (alas! a thing now of the past!) and a quiverful of compliant smiles for this or that halfwon housewife reckoning it out upon her fingertips or for a budding virgin, shyly acknowledging (but the heart? tell me!) his studied baisemoins. The scent, the smile, but, more than these, the dark eyes and oleaginous address, brought home at duskfall many a commission to the head of the firm, seated with Jacob’s pipe after like labours in the paternal ingle (a meal of noodles, you may be sure, is aheating), reading through round horned spectacles some paper from the Europe of a month before. But hey, presto, the mirror is breathed on and the young knighterrant recedes, shrivels, dwindles to a tiny speck within the mist. Now he is himself paternal and these about him might be his sons. Who can say? The wise father knows his own child. He thinks of a drizzling night in Hatch street, hard by the bonded stores there, the first. Together (she is a poor waif, a child of shame, yours and mine and of all for a bare shilling and her luckpenny), together they hear the heavy tread of the watch as two raincaped shadows pass the new royal university. Bridie! Bridie Kelly! He will never forget the name, ever remember the night: first night, the bridenight. They are entwined in nethermost darkness, the willer with the willed, and in an instant (<em>fiat!</em>) light shall flood the world. Did heart leap to heart? Nay, fair reader. In a breath ’twas done but—hold! Back! It must not be! In terror the poor girl flees away through the murk. She is the bride of darkness, a daughter of night. She dare not bear the sunnygolden babe of day. No, Leopold. Name and memory solace thee not. That youthful illusion of thy strength was taken from thee—and in vain. No son of thy loins is by thee. There is none now to be for Leopold, what Leopold was for Rudolph.</p>
<p>The voices blend and fuse in clouded silence: silence that is the infinite of space: and swiftly, silently the soul is wafted over regions of cycles of generations that have lived. A region where grey twilight ever descends, never falls on wide sagegreen pasturefields, shedding her dusk, scattering a perennial dew of stars. She follows her mother with ungainly steps, a mare leading her fillyfoal. Twilight phantoms are they, yet moulded in prophetic grace of structure, slim shapely haunches, a supple tendonous neck, the meek apprehensive skull. They fade, sad phantoms: all is gone. Agendath is a waste land, a home of screechowls and the sandblind upupa. Netaim, the golden, is no more. And on the highway of the clouds they come, muttering thunder of rebellion, the ghosts of beasts. Huuh! Hark! Huuh! Parallax stalks behind and goads them, the lancinating lightnings of whose brow are scorpions. Elk and yak, the bulls of Bashan and of Babylon, mammoth and mastodon, they come trooping to the sunken sea, <em>Lacus Mortis</em>. Ominous revengeful zodiacal host! They moan, passing upon the clouds, horned and capricorned, the trumpeted with the tusked, the lionmaned, the giantantlered, snouter and crawler, rodent, ruminant and pachyderm, all their moving moaning multitude, murderers of the sun.</p>
<p>Onward to the dead sea they tramp to drink, unslaked and with horrible gulpings, the salt somnolent inexhaustible flood. And the equine portent grows again, magnified in the deserted heavens, nay to heaven’s own magnitude, till it looms, vast, over the house of Virgo. And lo, wonder of metempsychosis, it is she, the everlasting bride, harbinger of the daystar, the bride, ever virgin. It is she, Martha, thou lost one, Millicent, the young, the dear, the radiant. How serene does she now arise, a queen among the Pleiades, in the penultimate antelucan hour, shod in sandals of bright gold, coifed with a veil of what do you call it gossamer. It floats, it flows about her starborn flesh and loose it streams, emerald, sapphire, mauve and heliotrope, sustained on currents of the cold interstellar wind, winding, coiling, simply swirling, writhing in the skies a mysterious writing till, after a myriad metamorphoses of symbol, it blazes, Alpha, a ruby and triangled sign upon the forehead of Taurus.</p>
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<p>Francis was reminding Stephen of years before when they had been at school together in Conmee’s time. He asked about Glaucon, Alcibiades, Pisistratus. Where were they now? Neither knew. You have spoken of the past and its phantoms, Stephen said. Why think of them? If I call them into life across the waters of Lethe will not the poor ghosts troop to my call? Who supposes it? I, Bous Stephanoumenos, bullockbefriending bard, am lord and giver of their life. He encircled his gadding hair with a coronal of vineleaves, smiling at Vincent. That answer and those leaves, Vincent said to him, will adorn you more fitly when something more, and greatly more, than a capful of light odes can call your genius father. All who wish you well hope this for you. All desire to see you bring forth the work you meditate, to acclaim you Stephaneforos. I heartily wish you may not fail them. O no, Vincent Lenehan said, laying a hand on the shoulder near him. Have no fear. He could not leave his mother an orphan. The young man’s face grew dark. All could see how hard it was for him to be reminded of his promise and of his recent loss. He would have withdrawn from the feast had not the noise of voices allayed the smart. Madden had lost five drachmas on Sceptre for a whim of the rider’s name: Lenehan as much more. He told them of the race. The flag fell and, huuh! off, scamper, the mare ran out freshly with O. Madden up. She was leading the field. All hearts were beating. Even Phyllis could not contain herself. She waved her scarf and cried: Huzzah! Sceptre wins! But in the straight on the run home when all were in close order the dark horse Throwaway drew level, reached, outstripped her. All was lost now. Phyllis was silent: her eyes were sad anemones. Juno, she cried, I am undone. But her lover consoled her and brought her a bright casket of gold in which lay some oval sugarplums which she partook. A tear fell: one only. A whacking fine whip, said Lenehan, is W. Lane. Four winners yesterday and three today. What rider is like him? Mount him on the camel or the boisterous buffalo the victory in a hack canter is still his. But let us bear it as was the ancient wont. Mercy on the luckless! Poor Sceptre! he said with a light sigh. She is not the filly that she was. Never, by this hand, shall we behold such another. By gad, sir, a queen of them. Do you remember her, Vincent? I wish you could have seen my queen today, Vincent said. How young she was and radiant (Lalage were scarce fair beside her) in her yellow shoes and frock of muslin, I do not know the right name of it. The chestnuts that shaded us were in bloom: the air drooped with their persuasive odour and with pollen floating by us. In the sunny patches one might easily have cooked on a stone a batch of those buns with Corinth fruit in them that Periplipomenes sells in his booth near the bridge. But she had nought for her teeth but the arm with which I held her and in that she nibbled mischievously when I pressed too close. A week ago she lay ill, four days on the couch, but today she was free, blithe, mocked at peril. She is more taking then. Her posies too! Mad romp that she is, she had pulled her fill as we reclined together. And in your ear, my friend, you will not think who met us as we left the field. Conmee himself! He was walking by the hedge, reading, I think a brevier book with, I doubt not, a witty letter in it from Glycera or Chloe to keep the page. The sweet creature turned all colours in her confusion, feigning to reprove a slight disorder in her dress: a slip of underwood clung there for the very trees adore her. When Conmee had passed she glanced at her lovely echo in that little mirror she carries. But he had been kind. In going by he had blessed us. The gods too are ever kind, Lenehan said. If I had poor luck with Bass’s mare perhaps this draught of his may serve me more propensely. He was laying his hand upon a winejar: Malachi saw it and withheld his act, pointing to the stranger and to the scarlet label. Warily, Malachi whispered, preserve a druid silence. His soul is far away. It is as painful perhaps to be awakened from a vision as to be born. Any object, intensely regarded, may be a gate of access to the incorruptible eon of the gods. Do you not think it, Stephen? Theosophos told me so, Stephen answered, whom in a previous existence Egyptian priests initiated into the mysteries of karmic law. The lords of the moon, Theosophos told me, an orangefiery shipload from planet Alpha of the lunar chain would not assume the etheric doubles and these were therefore incarnated by the rubycoloured egos from the second constellation.</p>
<p>However, as a matter of fact though, the preposterous surmise about him being in some description of a doldrums or other or mesmerised which was entirely due to a misconception of the shallowest character, was not the case at all. The individual whose visual organs while the above was going on were at this juncture commencing to exhibit symptoms of animation was as astute if not astuter than any man living and anybody that conjectured the contrary would have found themselves pretty speedily in the wrong shop. During the past four minutes or thereabouts he had been staring hard at a certain amount of number one Bass bottled by Messrs Bass and Co at Burton-on-Trent which happened to be situated amongst a lot of others right opposite to where he was and which was certainly calculated to attract anyone’s remark on account of its scarlet appearance. He was simply and solely, as it subsequently transpired for reasons best known to himself, which put quite an altogether different complexion on the proceedings, after the moment before’s observations about boyhood days and the turf, recollecting two or three private transactions of his own which the other two were as mutually innocent of as the babe unborn. Eventually, however, both their eyes met and as soon as it began to dawn on him that the other was endeavouring to help himself to the thing he involuntarily determined to help him himself and so he accordingly took hold of the neck of the mediumsized glass recipient which contained the fluid sought after and made a capacious hole in it by pouring a lot of it out with, also at the same time, however, a considerable degree of attentiveness in order not to upset any of the beer that was in it about the place.</p>
<p>The debate which ensued was in its scope and progress an epitome of the course of life. Neither place nor council was lacking in dignity. The debaters were the keenest in the land, the theme they were engaged on the loftiest and most vital. The high hall of Horne’s house had never beheld an assembly so representative and so varied nor had the old rafters of that establishment ever listened to a language so encyclopaedic. A gallant scene in truth it made. Crotthers was there at the foot of the table in his striking Highland garb, his face glowing from the briny airs of the Mull of Galloway. There too, opposite to him, was Lynch whose countenance bore already the stigmata of early depravity and premature wisdom. Next the Scotchman was the place assigned to Costello, the eccentric, while at his side was seated in stolid repose the squat form of Madden. The chair of the resident indeed stood vacant before the hearth but on either flank of it the figure of Bannon in explorer’s kit of tweed shorts and salted cowhide brogues contrasted sharply with the primrose elegance and townbred manners of Malachi Roland St John Mulligan. Lastly at the head of the board was the young poet who found a refuge from his labours of pedagogy and metaphysical inquisition in the convivial atmosphere of Socratic discussion, while to right and left of him were accommodated the flippant prognosticator, fresh from the hippodrome, and that vigilant wanderer, soiled by the dust of travel and combat and stained by the mire of an indelible dishonour, but from whose steadfast and constant heart no lure or peril or threat or degradation could ever efface the image of that voluptuous loveliness which the inspired pencil of Lafayette has limned for ages yet to come.</p>
<p>It had better be stated here and now at the outset that the perverted transcendentalism to which Mr S. Dedalus’ (Div. Scep.) contentions would appear to prove him pretty badly addicted runs directly counter to accepted scientific methods. Science, it cannot be too often repeated, deals with tangible phenomena. The man of science like the man in the street has to face hardheaded facts that cannot be blinked and explain them as best he can. There may be, it is true, some questions which science cannot answer—at present—such as the first problem submitted by Mr L. Bloom (Pubb. Canv.) regarding the future determination of sex. Must we accept the view of Empedocles of Trinacria that the right ovary (the postmenstrual period, assert others) is responsible for the birth of males or are the too long neglected spermatozoa or nemasperms the differentiating factors or is it, as most embryologists incline to opine, such as Culpepper, Spallanzani, Blumenbach, Lusk, Hertwig, Leopold and Valenti, a mixture of both? This would be tantamount to a cooperation (one of nature’s favourite devices) between the <em>nisus formativus</em> of the nemasperm on the one hand and on the other a happily chosen position, <em>succubitus felix</em>, of the passive element. The other problem raised by the same inquirer is scarcely less vital: infant mortality. It is interesting because, as he pertinently remarks, we are all born in the same way but we all die in different ways. Mr M. Mulligan (Hyg. et Eug. Doc.) blames the sanitary conditions in which our greylunged citizens contract adenoids, pulmonary complaints etc. by inhaling the bacteria which lurk in dust. These factors, he alleged, and the revolting spectacles offered by our streets, hideous publicity posters, religious ministers of all denominations, mutilated soldiers and sailors, exposed scorbutic cardrivers, the suspended carcases of dead animals, paranoic bachelors and unfructified duennas—these, he said, were accountable for any and every fallingoff in the calibre of the race. Kalipedia, he prophesied, would soon be generally adopted and all the graces of life, genuinely good music, agreeable literature, light philosophy, instructive pictures, plastercast reproductions of the classical statues such as Venus and Apollo, artistic coloured photographs of prize babies, all these little attentions would enable ladies who were in a particular condition to pass the intervening months in a most enjoyable manner. Mr J. Crotthers (Disc. Bacc.) attributes some of these demises to abdominal trauma in the case of women workers subjected to heavy labours in the workshop and to marital discipline in the home but by far the vast majority to neglect, private or official, culminating in the exposure of newborn infants, the practice of criminal abortion or in the atrocious crime of infanticide. Although the former (we are thinking of neglect) is undoubtedly only too true the case he cites of nurses forgetting to count the sponges in the peritoneal cavity is too rare to be normative. In fact when one comes to look into it the wonder is that so many pregnancies and deliveries go off so well as they do, all things considered and in spite of our human shortcomings which often baulk nature in her intentions. An ingenious suggestion is that thrown out by Mr V. Lynch (Bacc. Arith.) that both natality and mortality, as well as all other phenomena of evolution, tidal movements, lunar phases, blood temperatures, diseases in general, everything, in fine, in nature’s vast workshop from the extinction of some remote sun to the blossoming of one of the countless flowers which beautify our public parks is subject to a law of numeration as yet unascertained. Still the plain straightforward question why a child of normally healthy parents and seemingly a healthy child and properly looked after succumbs unaccountably in early childhood (though other children of the same marriage do not) must certainly, in the poet’s words, give us pause. Nature, we may rest assured, has her own good and cogent reasons for whatever she does and in all probability such deaths are due to some law of anticipation by which organisms in which morbous germs have taken up their residence (modern science has conclusively shown that only the plasmic substance can be said to be immortal) tend to disappear at an increasingly earlier stage of development, an arrangement which, though productive of pain to some of our feelings (notably the maternal), is nevertheless, some of us think, in the long run beneficial to the race in general in securing thereby the survival of the fittest. Mr S. Dedalus’ (Div. Scep.) remark (or should it be called an interruption?) that an omnivorous being which can masticate, deglute, digest and apparently pass through the ordinary channel with pluterperfect imperturbability such multifarious aliments as cancrenous females emaciated by parturition, corpulent professional gentlemen, not to speak of jaundiced politicians and chlorotic nuns, might possibly find gastric relief in an innocent collation of staggering bob, reveals as nought else could and in a very unsavoury light the tendency above alluded to. For the enlightenment of those who are not so intimately acquainted with the minutiae of the municipal abattoir as this morbidminded esthete and embryo philosopher who for all his overweening bumptiousness in things scientific can scarcely distinguish an acid from an alkali prides himself on being, it should perhaps be stated that staggering bob in the vile parlance of our lowerclass licensed victuallers signifies the cookable and eatable flesh of a calf newly dropped from its mother. In a recent public controversy with Mr L. Bloom (Pubb. Canv.) which took place in the commons’ hall of the National Maternity Hospital, 29, 30 and 31 Holles street, of which, as is well known, Dr A. Horne (Lic. in Midw., F. K. Q. C. P. I.) is the able and popular master, he is reported by eyewitnesses as having stated that once a woman has let the cat into the bag (an esthete’s allusion, presumably, to one of the most complicated and marvellous of all nature’s processes—the act of sexual congress) she must let it out again or give it life, as he phrased it, to save her own. At the risk of her own, was the telling rejoinder of his interlocutor, none the less effective for the moderate and measured tone in which it was delivered.</p>
<p>Meanwhile the skill and patience of the physician had brought about a happy <em>accouchement.</em> It had been a weary weary while both for patient and doctor. All that surgical skill could do was done and the brave woman had manfully helped. She had. She had fought the good fight and now she was very very happy. Those who have passed on, who have gone before, are happy too as they gaze down and smile upon the touching scene. Reverently look at her as she reclines there with the motherlight in her eyes, that longing hunger for baby fingers (a pretty sight it is to see), in the first bloom of her new motherhood, breathing a silent prayer of thanksgiving to One above, the Universal Husband. And as her loving eyes behold her babe she wishes only one blessing more, to have her dear Doady there with her to share her joy, to lay in his arms that mite of God’s clay, the fruit of their lawful embraces. He is older now (you and I may whisper it) and a trifle stooped in the shoulders yet in the whirligig of years a grave dignity has come to the conscientious second accountant of the Ulster bank, College Green branch. O Doady, loved one of old, faithful lifemate now, it may never be again, that faroff time of the roses! With the old shake of her pretty head she recalls those days. God! How beautiful now across the mist of years! But their children are grouped in her imagination about the bedside, hers and his, Charley, Mary Alice, Frederick Albert (if he had lived), Mamy, Budgy (Victoria Frances), Tom, Violet Constance Louisa, darling little Bobsy (called after our famous hero of the South African war, lord Bobs of Waterford and Candahar) and now this last pledge of their union, a Purefoy if ever there was one, with the true Purefoy nose. Young hopeful will be christened Mortimer Edward after the influential third cousin of Mr Purefoy in the Treasury Remembrancer’s office, Dublin Castle. And so time wags on: but father Cronion has dealt lightly here. No, let no sigh break from that bosom, dear gentle Mina. And Doady, knock the ashes from your pipe, the seasoned briar you still fancy when the curfew rings for you (may it be the distant day!) and dout the light whereby you read in the Sacred Book for the oil too has run low, and so with a tranquil heart to bed, to rest. He knows and will call in His own good time. You too have fought the good fight and played loyally your man’s part. Sir, to you my hand. Well done, thou good and faithful servant!</p>
<p>There are sins or (let us call them as the world calls them) evil memories which are hidden away by man in the darkest places of the heart but they abide there and wait. He may suffer their memory to grow dim, let them be as though they had not been and all but persuade himself that they were not or at least were otherwise. Yet a chance word will call them forth suddenly and they will rise up to confront him in the most various circumstances, a vision or a dream, or while timbrel and harp soothe his senses or amid the cool silver tranquility of the evening or at the feast, at midnight, when he is now filled with wine. Not to insult over him will the vision come as over one that lies under her wrath, not for vengeance to cut him off from the living but shrouded in the piteous vesture of the past, silent, remote, reproachful.</p>
<p>The stranger still regarded on the face before him a slow recession of that false calm there, imposed, as it seemed, by habit or some studied trick, upon words so embittered as to accuse in their speaker an unhealthiness, a <em>flair,</em> for the cruder things of life. A scene disengages itself in the observer’s memory, evoked, it would seem, by a word of so natural a homeliness as if those days were really present there (as some thought) with their immediate pleasures. A shaven space of lawn one soft May evening, the wellremembered grove of lilacs at Roundtown, purple and white, fragrant slender spectators of the game but with much real interest in the pellets as they run slowly forward over the sward or collide and stop, one by its fellow, with a brief alert shock. And yonder about that grey urn where the water moves at times in thoughtful irrigation you saw another as fragrant sisterhood, Floey, Atty, Tiny and their darker friend with I know not what of arresting in her pose then, Our Lady of the Cherries, a comely brace of them pendent from an ear, bringing out the foreign warmth of the skin so daintily against the cool ardent fruit. A lad of four or five in linseywoolsey (blossomtime but there will be cheer in the kindly hearth when ere long the bowls are gathered and hutched) is standing on the urn secured by that circle of girlish fond hands. He frowns a little just as this young man does now with a perhaps too conscious enjoyment of the danger but must needs glance at whiles towards where his mother watches from the <em>piazzetta</em> giving upon the flowerclose with a faint shadow of remoteness or of reproach (<em>alles Vergängliche</em>) in her glad look.</p>
<p>Mark this farther and remember. The end comes suddenly. Enter that antechamber of birth where the studious are assembled and note their faces. Nothing, as it seems, there of rash or violent. Quietude of custody, rather, befitting their station in that house, the vigilant watch of shepherds and of angels about a crib in Bethlehem of Juda long ago. But as before the lightning the serried stormclouds, heavy with preponderant excess of moisture, in swollen masses turgidly distended, compass earth and sky in one vast slumber, impending above parched field and drowsy oxen and blighted growth of shrub and verdure till in an instant a flash rives their centres and with the reverberation of the thunder the cloudburst pours its torrent, so and not otherwise was the transformation, violent and instantaneous, upon the utterance of the word.</p>
<p>Burke’s! outflings my lord Stephen, giving the cry, and a tag and bobtail of all them after, cockerel, jackanapes, welsher, pilldoctor, punctual Bloom at heels with a universal grabbing at headgear, ashplants, bilbos, Panama hats and scabbards, Zermatt alpenstocks and what not. A dedale of lusty youth, noble every student there. Nurse Callan taken aback in the hallway cannot stay them nor smiling surgeon coming downstairs with news of placentation ended, a full pound if a milligramme. They hark him on. The door! It is open? Ha! They are out, tumultuously, off for a minute’s race, all bravely legging it, Burke’s of Denzille and Holles their ulterior goal. Dixon follows giving them sharp language but raps out an oath, he too, and on. Bloom stays with nurse a thought to send a kind word to happy mother and nurseling up there. Doctor Diet and Doctor Quiet. Looks she too not other now? Ward of watching in Horne’s house has told its tale in that washedout pallor. Then all being gone, a glance of motherwit helping, he whispers close in going: Madam, when comes the storkbird for thee?</p>
<p>The air without is impregnated with raindew moisture, life essence celestial, glistening on Dublin stone there under starshiny <em>coelum.</em> God’s air, the Allfather’s air, scintillant circumambient cessile air. Breathe it deep into thee. By heaven, Theodore Purefoy, thou hast done a doughty deed and no botch! Thou art, I vow, the remarkablest progenitor barring none in this chaffering allincluding most farraginous chronicle. Astounding! In her lay a Godframed Godgiven preformed possibility which thou hast fructified with thy modicum of man’s work. Cleave to her! Serve! Toil on, labour like a very bandog and let scholarment and all Malthusiasts go hang. Thou art all their daddies, Theodore. Art drooping under thy load, bemoiled with butcher’s bills at home and ingots (not thine!) in the countinghouse? Head up! For every newbegotten thou shalt gather thy homer of ripe wheat. See, thy fleece is drenched. Dost envy Darby Dullman there with his Joan? A canting jay and a rheumeyed curdog is all their progeny. Pshaw, I tell thee! He is a mule, a dead gasteropod, without vim or stamina, not worth a cracked kreutzer. Copulation without population! No, say I! Herod’s slaughter of the innocents were the truer name. Vegetables, forsooth, and sterile cohabitation! Give her beefsteaks, red, raw, bleeding! She is a hoary pandemonium of ills, enlarged glands, mumps, quinsy, bunions, hayfever, bedsores, ringworm, floating kidney, Derbyshire neck, warts, bilious attacks, gallstones, cold feet, varicose veins. A truce to threnes and trentals and jeremies and all such congenital defunctive music! Twenty years of it, regret them not. With thee it was not as with many that will and would and wait and never—do. Thou sawest thy America, thy lifetask, and didst charge to cover like the transpontine bison. How saith Zarathustra? <em>Deine Kuh Trübsal melkest Du. Nun Trinkst Du die süsse Milch des Euters</em>. See! it displodes for thee in abundance. Drink, man, an udderful! Mother’s milk, Purefoy, the milk of human kin, milk too of those burgeoning stars overhead rutilant in thin rainvapour, punch milk, such as those rioters will quaff in their guzzling den, milk of madness, the honeymilk of Canaan’s land. Thy cow’s dug was tough, what? Ay, but her milk is hot and sweet and fattening. No dollop this but thick rich bonnyclaber. To her, old patriarch! Pap! <em>Per deam Partulam et Pertundam nunc est bibendum!</em></p>
<p>All off for a buster, armstrong, hollering down the street. Bonafides. Where you slep las nigh? Timothy of the battered naggin. Like ole Billyo. Any brollies or gumboots in the fambly? Where the Henry Nevil’s sawbones and ole clo? Sorra one o’ me knows. Hurrah there, Dix! Forward to the ribbon counter. Where’s Punch? All serene. Jay, look at the drunken minister coming out of the maternity hospal! <em>Benedicat vos omnipotens Deus, Pater et Filius</em>. A make, mister. The Denzille lane boys. Hell, blast ye! Scoot. Righto, Isaacs, shove em out of the bleeding limelight. Yous join uz, dear sir? No hentrusion in life. Lou heap good man. Allee samee dis bunch. <em>En avant, mes enfants!</em> Fire away number one on the gun. Burke’s! Burke’s! Thence they advanced five parasangs. Slattery’s mounted foot. Where’s that bleeding awfur? Parson Steve, apostates’ creed! No, no, Mulligan! Abaft there! Shove ahead. Keep a watch on the clock. Chuckingout time. Mullee! What’s on you? <em>Ma mère m’a mariée.</em> British Beatitudes! <em>Retamplatan digidi boumboum</em>. Ayes have it. To be printed and bound at the Druiddrum press by two designing females. Calf covers of pissedon green. Last word in art shades. Most beautiful book come out of Ireland my time. <em>Silentium!</em> Get a spurt on. Tention. Proceed to nearest canteen and there annex liquor stores. March! Tramp, tramp, tramp, the boys are (attitudes!) parching. Beer, beef, business, bibles, bulldogs battleships, buggery and bishops. Whether on the scaffold high. Beer, beef, trample the bibles. When for Irelandear. Trample the trampellers. Thunderation! Keep the durned millingtary step. We fall. Bishops boosebox. Halt! Heave to. Rugger. Scrum in. No touch kicking. Wow, my tootsies! You hurt? Most amazingly sorry!</p>
<p>Query. Who’s astanding this here do? Proud possessor of damnall. Declare misery. Bet to the ropes. Me nantee saltee. Not a red at me this week gone. Yours? Mead of our fathers for the <em>Übermensch.</em> Dittoh. Five number ones. You, sir? Ginger cordial. Chase me, the cabby’s caudle. Stimulate the caloric. Winding of his ticker. Stopped short never to go again when the old. Absinthe for me, savvy? <em>Caramba!</em> Have an eggnog or a prairie oyster. Enemy? Avuncular’s got my timepiece. Ten to. Obligated awful. Don’t mention it. Got a pectoral trauma, eh, Dix? Pos fact. Got bet be a boomblebee whenever he wus settin sleepin in hes bit garten. Digs up near the Mater. Buckled he is. Know his dona? Yup, sartin I do. Full of a dure. See her in her dishybilly. Peels off a credit. Lovey lovekin. None of your lean kine, not much. Pull down the blind, love. Two Ardilauns. Same here. Look slippery. If you fall don’t wait to get up. Five, seven, nine. Fine! Got a prime pair of mincepies, no kid. And her take me to rests and her anker of rum. Must be seen to be believed. Your starving eyes and allbeplastered neck you stole my heart, O gluepot. Sir? Spud again the rheumatiz? All poppycock, you’ll scuse me saying. For the hoi polloi. I vear thee beest a gert vool. Well, doc? Back fro Lapland? Your corporosity sagaciating O K? How’s the squaws and papooses? Womanbody after going on the straw? Stand and deliver. Password. There’s hair. Ours the white death and the ruddy birth. Hi! Spit in your own eye, boss! Mummer’s wire. Cribbed out of Meredith. Jesified, orchidised, polycimical jesuit! Aunty mine’s writing Pa Kinch. Baddybad Stephen lead astray goodygood Malachi.</p>
<p>Hurroo! Collar the leather, youngun. Roun wi the nappy. Here, Jock braw Hielentman’s your barleybree. Lang may your lum reek and your kailpot boil! My tipple. <em>Merci.</em> Here’s to us. How’s that? Leg before wicket. Don’t stain my brandnew sitinems. Give’s a shake of peppe, you there. Catch aholt. Caraway seed to carry away. Twig? Shrieks of silence. Every cove to his gentry mort. Venus Pandemos. <em>Les petites femmes</em>. Bold bad girl from the town of Mullingar. Tell her I was axing at her. Hauding Sara by the wame. On the road to Malahide. Me? If she who seduced me had left but the name. What do you want for ninepence? Machree, macruiskeen. Smutty Moll for a mattress jig. And a pull all together. <em>Ex!</em></p>
<p>Waiting, guvnor? Most deciduously. Bet your boots on. Stunned like, seeing as how no shiners is acoming. Underconstumble? He’ve got the chink <em>ad lib</em>. Seed near free poun on un a spell ago a said war hisn. Us come right in on your invite, see? Up to you, matey. Out with the oof. Two bar and a wing. You larn that go off of they there Frenchy bilks? Won’t wash here for nuts nohow. Lil chile velly solly. Ise de cutest colour coon down our side. Gawds teruth, Chawley. We are nae fou. We’re nae tha fou. Au reservoir, mossoo. Tanks you.</p>
<p>’Tis, sure. What say? In the speakeasy. Tight. I shee you, shir. Bantam, two days teetee. Bowsing nowt but claretwine. Garn! Have a glint, do. Gum, I’m jiggered. And been to barber he have. Too full for words. With a railway bloke. How come you so? Opera he’d like? Rose of Castile. Rows of cast. Police! Some H<sub>2</sub>O for a gent fainted. Look at Bantam’s flowers. Gemini. He’s going to holler. The colleen bawn. My colleen bawn. O, cheese it! Shut his blurry Dutch oven with a firm hand. Had the winner today till I tipped him a dead cert. The ruffin cly the nab of Stephen Hand as give me the jady coppaleen. He strike a telegramboy paddock wire big bug Bass to the depot. Shove him a joey and grahamise. Mare on form hot order. Guinea to a goosegog. Tell a cram, that. Gospeltrue. Criminal diversion? I think that yes. Sure thing. Land him in chokeechokee if the harman beck copped the game. Madden back Madden’s a maddening back. O lust our refuge and our strength. Decamping. Must you go? Off to mammy. Stand by. Hide my blushes someone. All in if he spots me. Come ahome, our Bantam. Horryvar, mong vioo. Dinna forget the cowslips for hersel. Cornfide. Wha gev ye thon colt? Pal to pal. Jannock. Of John Thomas, her spouse. No fake, old man Leo. S’elp me, honest injun. Shiver my timbers if I had. There’s a great big holy friar. Vyfor you no me tell? Vel, I ses, if that aint a sheeny nachez, vel, I vil get misha mishinnah. Through yerd our lord, Amen.</p>
<p>You move a motion? Steve boy, you’re going it some. More bluggy drunkables? Will immensely splendiferous stander permit one stooder of most extreme poverty and one largesize grandacious thirst to terminate one expensive inaugurated libation? Give’s a breather. Landlord, landlord, have you good wine, staboo? Hoots, mon, a wee drap to pree. Cut and come again. Right. Boniface! Absinthe the lot. <em>Nos omnes biberimus viridum toxicum diabolus capiat posterioria nostria</em>. Closingtime, gents. Eh? Rome boose for the Bloom toff. I hear you say onions? Bloo? Cadges ads. Photo’s papli, by all that’s gorgeous. Play low, pardner. Slide. <em>Bonsoir la compagnie</em>. And snares of the poxfiend. Where’s the buck and Namby Amby? Skunked? Leg bail. Aweel, ye maun e’en gang yer gates. Checkmate. King to tower. Kind Kristyann wil yu help yung man hoose frend tuk bungellow kee tu find plais whear tu lay crown of his hed 2 night. Crickey, I’m about sprung. Tarnally dog gone my shins if this beent the bestest puttiest longbreak yet. Item, curate, couple of cookies for this child. Cot’s plood and prandypalls, none! Not a pite of sheeses? Thrust syphilis down to hell and with him those other licensed spirits. Time, gents! Who wander through the world. Health all! <em>À la vôtre</em>!</p>
<p>Golly, whatten tunket’s yon guy in the mackintosh? Dusty Rhodes. Peep at his wearables. By mighty! What’s he got? Jubilee mutton. Bovril, by James. Wants it real bad. D’ye ken bare socks? Seedy cuss in the Richmond? Rawthere! Thought he had a deposit of lead in his penis. Trumpery insanity. Bartle the Bread we calls him. That, sir, was once a prosperous cit. Man all tattered and torn that married a maiden all forlorn. Slung her hook, she did. Here see lost love. Walking Mackintosh of lonely canyon. Tuck and turn in. Schedule time. Nix for the hornies. Pardon? Seen him today at a runefal? Chum o’ yourn passed in his checks? Ludamassy! Pore piccaninnies! Thou’ll no be telling me thot, Pold veg! Did ums blubble bigsplash crytears cos fren Padney was took off in black bag? Of all de darkies Massa Pat was verra best. I never see the like since I was born. <em>Tiens, tiens</em>, but it is well sad, that, my faith, yes. O, get, rev on a gradient one in nine. Live axle drives are souped. Lay you two to one Jenatzy licks him ruddy well hollow. Jappies? High angle fire, inyah! Sunk by war specials. Be worse for him, says he, nor any Rooshian. Time all. There’s eleven of them. Get ye gone. Forward, woozy wobblers! Night. Night. May Allah the Excellent One your soul this night ever tremendously conserve.</p>
<p>Your attention! We’re nae tha fou. The Leith police dismisseth us. The least tholice. Ware hawks for the chap puking. Unwell in his abominable regions. Yooka. Night. Mona, my true love. Yook. Mona, my own love. Ook.</p>
<p>Hark! Shut your obstropolos. Pflaap! Pflaap! Blaze on. There she goes. Brigade! Bout ship. Mount street way. Cut up! Pflaap! Tally ho. You not come? Run, skelter, race. Pflaaaap!</p>
<p>Lynch! Hey? Sign on long o’ me. Denzille lane this way. Change here for Bawdyhouse. We two, she said, will seek the kips where shady Mary is. Righto, any old time. <em>Laetabuntur in cubilibus suis</em>. You coming long? Whisper, who the sooty hell’s the johnny in the black duds? Hush! Sinned against the light and even now that day is at hand when he shall come to judge the world by fire. Pflaap! <em>Ut implerentur scripturae</em>. Strike up a ballad. Then outspake medical Dick to his comrade medical Davy. Christicle, who’s this excrement yellow gospeller on the Merrion hall? Elijah is coming! Washed in the blood of the Lamb. Come on you winefizzling, ginsizzling, booseguzzling existences! Come on, you dog-gone, bullnecked, beetlebrowed, hogjowled, peanutbrained, weaseleyed fourflushers, false alarms and excess baggage! Come on, you triple extract of infamy! Alexander J Christ Dowie, that’s my name, that’s yanked to glory most half this planet from Frisco beach to Vladivostok. The Deity aint no nickel dime bumshow. I put it to you that He’s on the square and a corking fine business proposition. He’s the grandest thing yet and don’t you forget it. Shout salvation in King Jesus. You’ll need to rise precious early, you sinner there, if you want to diddle the Almighty God. Pflaaaap! Not half. He’s got a coughmixture with a punch in it for you, my friend, in his back pocket. Just you try it on.</p>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-17.htm.html_chap15"></span>[ 15 ]</h3>
<p><em>(The Mabbot street entrance of nighttown, before which stretches an uncobbled tramsiding set with skeleton tracks, red and green will-o’-the-wisps and danger signals. Rows of grimy houses with gaping doors. Rare lamps with faint rainbow fans. Round Rabaiotti’s halted ice gondola stunted men and women squabble. They grab wafers between which are wedged lumps of coral and copper snow. Sucking, they scatter slowly. Children. The swancomb of the gondola, highreared, forges on through the murk, white and blue under a lighthouse. Whistles call and answer.)</em></p>
<p>THE CALLS: Wait, my love, and I’ll be with you.</p>
<p>THE ANSWERS: Round behind the stable.</p>
<p><em>(A deafmute idiot with goggle eyes, his shapeless mouth dribbling, jerks past, shaken in Saint Vitus’ dance. A chain of children ’s hands imprisons him.)</em></p>
<p>THE CHILDREN: Kithogue! Salute!</p>
<p>THE IDIOT: <em>(Lifts a palsied left arm and gurgles.)</em> Grhahute!</p>
<p>THE CHILDREN: Where’s the great light?</p>
<p>THE IDIOT: <em>(Gobbling.)</em> Ghaghahest.</p>
<p><em>(They release him. He jerks on. A pigmy woman swings on a rope slung between two railings, counting. A form sprawled against a dustbin and muffled by its arm and hat snores, groans, grinding growling teeth, and snores again. On a step a gnome totting among a rubbishtip crouches to shoulder a sack of rags and bones. A crone standing by with a smoky oillamp rams her last bottle in the maw of his sack. He heaves his booty, tugs askew his peaked cap and hobbles off mutely. The crone makes back for her lair, swaying her lamp. A bandy child, asquat on the doorstep with a paper shuttlecock, crawls sidling after her in spurts, clutches her skirt, scrambles up. A drunken navvy grips with both hands the railings of an area, lurching heavily. At a corner two night watch in shouldercapes, their hands upon their staffholsters, loom tall. A plate crashes: a woman screams: a child wails. Oaths of a man roar, mutter, cease. Figures wander, lurk, peer from warrens. In a room lit by a candle stuck in a bottleneck a slut combs out the tatts from the hair of a scrofulous child. Cissy Caffrey’s voice, still young, sings shrill from a lane.)</em></p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY:</p>
<p>I gave it to Molly<br />
Because she was jolly,<br />
The leg of the duck,<br />
The leg of the duck.</p>
<p><em>(Private Carr and Private Compton, swaggersticks tight in their oxters, as they march unsteadily rightaboutface and burst together from their mouths a volleyed fart. Laughter of men from the lane. A hoarse virago retorts.)</em></p>
<p>THE VIRAGO: Signs on you, hairy arse. More power the Cavan girl.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: More luck to me. Cavan, Cootehill and Belturbet. <em>(She sings.)</em></p>
<p>I gave it to Nelly<br />
To stick in her belly,<br />
The leg of the duck,<br />
The leg of the duck.</p>
<p><em>(Private Carr and Private Compton turn and counterretort, their tunics bloodbright in a lampglow, black sockets of caps on their blond cropped polls. Stephen Dedalus and Lynch pass through the crowd close to the redcoats.)</em></p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Jerks his finger.)</em> Way for the parson.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Turns and calls.)</em> What ho, parson!</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Her voice soaring higher.)</em></p>
<p>She has it, she got it,<br />
Wherever she put it,<br />
The leg of the duck.</p>
<p><em>(Stephen, flourishing the ashplant in his left hand, chants with joy the</em> introit <em>for paschal time. Lynch, his jockeycap low on his brow, attends him, a sneer of discontent wrinkling his face.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Vidi aquam egredientem de templo a latere dextro. Alleluia</em>.</p>
<p><em>(The famished snaggletusks of an elderly bawd protrude from a doorway.)</em></p>
<p>THE BAWD: <em>(Her voice whispering huskily.)</em> Sst! Come here till I tell you. Maidenhead inside. Sst!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Altius aliquantulum.) Et omnes ad quos pervenit aqua ista</em>.</p>
<p>THE BAWD: <em>(Spits in their trail her jet of venom.)</em> Trinity medicals. Fallopian tube. All prick and no pence.</p>
<p><em>(Edy Boardman, sniffling, crouched with Bertha Supple, draws her shawl across her nostrils.)</em></p>
<p>EDY BOARDMAN: <em>(Bickering.)</em> And says the one: I seen you up Faithful place with your squarepusher, the greaser off the railway, in his cometobed hat. Did you, says I. That’s not for you to say, says I. You never seen me in the mantrap with a married highlander, says I. The likes of her! Stag that one is! Stubborn as a mule! And her walking with two fellows the one time, Kilbride, the enginedriver, and lancecorporal Oliphant.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Triumphaliter.) Salvi facti sunt.</em></p>
<p><em>(He flourishes his ashplant, shivering the lamp image, shattering light over the world. A liver and white spaniel on the prowl slinks after him, growling. Lynch scares it with a kick.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: So that?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: (<em>Looks behind</em>.) So that gesture, not music not odour, would be a universal language, the gift of tongues rendering visible not the lay sense but the first entelechy, the structural rhythm.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Pornosophical philotheology. Metaphysics in Mecklenburgh street!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: We have shrewridden Shakespeare and henpecked Socrates. Even the allwisest Stagyrite was bitted, bridled and mounted by a light of love.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Ba!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Anyway, who wants two gestures to illustrate a loaf and a jug? This movement illustrates the loaf and jug of bread or wine in Omar. Hold my stick.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Damn your yellow stick. Where are we going?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Lecherous lynx, to <em>la belle dame sans merci,</em> Georgina Johnson, <em>ad deam qui laetificat iuventutem meam.</em></p>
<p><em>(Stephen thrusts the ashplant on him and slowly holds out his hands, his head going back till both hands are a span from his breast, down turned, in planes intersecting, the fingers about to part, the left being higher.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: Which is the jug of bread? It skills not. That or the customhouse. Illustrate thou. Here take your crutch and walk.</p>
<p><em>(They pass. Tommy Caffrey scrambles to a gaslamp and, clasping, climbs in spasms. From the top spur he slides down. Jacky Caffrey clasps to climb. The navvy lurches against the lamp. The twins scuttle off in the dark. The navvy, swaying, presses a forefinger against a wing of his nose and ejects from the farther nostril a long liquid jet of snot. Shouldering the lamp he staggers away through the crowd with his flaring cresset.</em></p>
<p><em>Snakes of river fog creep slowly. From drains, clefts, cesspools, middens arise on all sides stagnant fumes. A glow leaps in the south beyond the seaward reaches of the river. The navvy, staggering forward, cleaves the crowd and lurches towards the tramsiding. On the farther side under the railway bridge Bloom appears, flushed, panting, cramming bread and chocolate into a sidepocket. From Gillen’s hairdresser’s window a composite portrait shows him gallant Nelson’s image. A concave mirror at the side presents to him lovelorn longlost lugubru Booloohoom. Grave Gladstone sees him level, Bloom for Bloom. He passes, struck by the stare of truculent Wellington, but in the convex mirror grin unstruck the bonham eyes and fatchuck cheekchops of Jollypoldy the rixdix doldy.</em></p>
<p><em>At Antonio Rabaiotti’s door Bloom halts, sweated under the bright arclamp. He disappears. In a moment he reappears and hurries on.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Fish and taters. N. g. Ah!</p>
<p><em>(He disappears into Olhausen’s, the porkbutcher’s, under the downcoming rollshutter. A few moments later he emerges from under the shutter, puffing Poldy, blowing Bloohoom. In each hand he holds a parcel, one containing a lukewarm pig’s crubeen, the other a cold sheep’s trotter, sprinkled with wholepepper. He gasps, standing upright. Then bending to one side he presses a parcel against his ribs and groans.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Stitch in my side. Why did I run?</p>
<p><em>(He takes breath with care and goes forward slowly towards the lampset siding. The glow leaps again.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: What is that? A flasher? Searchlight.</p>
<p><em>(He stands at Cormack’s corner, watching.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>Aurora borealis</em> or a steel foundry? Ah, the brigade, of course. South side anyhow. Big blaze. Might be his house. Beggar’s bush. We’re safe. <em>(He hums cheerfully.)</em> London’s burning, London’s burning! On fire, on fire! (<em>He catches sight of the navvy lurching through the crowd at the farther side of Talbot street.</em>) I’ll miss him. Run. Quick. Better cross here.</p>
<p><em>(He darts to cross the road. Urchins shout.)</em></p>
<p>THE URCHINS: Mind out, mister!</p>
<p>(<em>Two cyclists, with lighted paper lanterns aswing, swim by him, grazing him, their bells rattling.</em>)</p>
<p>THE BELLS: Haltyaltyaltyall.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Halts erect, stung by a spasm.)</em> Ow!</p>
<p><em>(He looks round, darts forward suddenly. Through rising fog a dragon sandstrewer, travelling at caution, slews heavily down upon him, its huge red headlight winking, its trolley hissing on the wire. The motorman bangs his footgong.)</em></p>
<p>THE GONG: Bang Bang Bla Bak Blud Bugg Bloo.</p>
<p><em>(The brake cracks violently. Bloom, raising a policeman’s whitegloved hand, blunders stifflegged out of the track. The motorman, thrown forward, pugnosed, on the guidewheel, yells as he slides past over chains and keys.)</em></p>
<p>THE MOTORMAN: Hey, shitbreeches, are you doing the hat trick?</p>
<p><em>(Bloom trickleaps to the curbstone and halts again. He brushes a mudflake from his cheek with a parcelled hand.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: No thoroughfare. Close shave that but cured the stitch. Must take up Sandow’s exercises again. On the hands down. Insure against street accident too. The Providential. <em>(He feels his trouser pocket.)</em> Poor mamma’s panacea. Heel easily catch in track or bootlace in a cog. Day the wheel of the black Maria peeled off my shoe at Leonard’s corner. Third time is the charm. Shoe trick. Insolent driver. I ought to report him. Tension makes them nervous. Might be the fellow balked me this morning with that horsey woman. Same style of beauty. Quick of him all the same. The stiff walk. True word spoken in jest. That awful cramp in Lad lane. Something poisonous I ate. Emblem of luck. Why? Probably lost cattle. Mark of the beast. <em>(He closes his eyes an instant.)</em> Bit light in the head. Monthly or effect of the other. Brainfogfag. That tired feeling. Too much for me now. Ow!</p>
<p><em>(A sinister figure leans on plaited legs against O’Beirne’s wall, a visage unknown, injected with dark mercury. From under a wideleaved sombrero the figure regards him with evil eye.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>Buenas noches, señorita Blanca, que calle es esta?</em></p>
<p>THE FIGURE: (<em>Impassive, raises a signal arm.</em>) Password. <em>Sraid Mabbot.</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Haha. <em>Merci.</em> Esperanto. <em>Slan leath. (He mutters.)</em> Gaelic league spy, sent by that fireeater.</p>
<p><em>(He steps forward. A sackshouldered ragman bars his path. He steps left, ragsackman left.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: I beg.</p>
<p>(<em>He leaps right, sackragman right.</em>)</p>
<p>BLOOM: I beg.</p>
<p>(<em>He swerves, sidles, stepaside, slips past and on.</em>)</p>
<p>BLOOM: Keep to the right, right, right. If there is a signpost planted by the Touring Club at Stepaside who procured that public boon? I who lost my way and contributed to the columns of the <em>Irish Cyclist</em> the letter headed <em>In darkest Stepaside</em>. Keep, keep, keep to the right. Rags and bones at midnight. A fence more likely. First place murderer makes for. Wash off his sins of the world.</p>
<p><em>(Jacky Caffrey, hunted by Tommy Caffrey, runs full tilt against Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: O.</p>
<p><em>(Shocked, on weak hams, he halts. Tommy and Jacky vanish there, there. Bloom pats with parcelled hands watch, fobpocket, bookpocket, pursepoke, sweets of sin, potato soap.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Beware of pickpockets. Old thieves’ dodge. Collide. Then snatch your purse.</p>
<p><em>(The retriever approaches sniffing, nose to the ground. A sprawled form sneezes. A stooped bearded figure appears garbed in the long caftan of an elder in Zion and a smokingcap with magenta tassels. Horned spectacles hang down at the wings of the nose. Yellow poison streaks are on the drawn face.)</em></p>
<p>RUDOLPH: Second halfcrown waste money today. I told you not go with drunken goy ever. So you catch no money.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hides the crubeen and trotter behind his back and, crestfallen, feels warm and cold feetmeat.) Ja, ich weiss, papachi.</em></p>
<p>RUDOLPH: What you making down this place? Have you no soul? <em>(With feeble vulture talons he feels the silent face of Bloom.)</em> Are you not my son Leopold, the grandson of Leopold? Are you not my dear son Leopold who left the house of his father and left the god of his fathers Abraham and Jacob?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With precaution.)</em> I suppose so, father. Mosenthal. All that’s left of him.</p>
<p>RUDOLPH: <em>(Severely.)</em> One night they bring you home drunk as dog after spend your good money. What you call them running chaps?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In youth’s smart blue Oxford suit with white vestslips, narrowshouldered, in brown Alpine hat, wearing gent’s sterling silver waterbury keyless watch and double curb Albert with seal attached, one side of him coated with stiffening mud.)</em> Harriers, father. Only that once.</p>
<p>RUDOLPH: Once! Mud head to foot. Cut your hand open. Lockjaw. They make you kaputt, Leopoldleben. You watch them chaps.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Weakly.)</em> They challenged me to a sprint. It was muddy. I slipped.</p>
<p>RUDOLPH: <em>(With contempt.) Goim nachez!</em> Nice spectacles for your poor mother!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Mamma!</p>
<p>ELLEN BLOOM: <em>(In pantomime dame’s stringed mobcap, widow Twankey’s crinoline and bustle, blouse with muttonleg sleeves buttoned behind, grey mittens and cameo brooch, her plaited hair in a crispine net, appears over the staircase banisters, a slanted candlestick in her hand, and cries out in shrill alarm.)</em> O blessed Redeemer, what have they done to him! My smelling salts! <em>(She hauls up a reef of skirt and ransacks the pouch of her striped blay petticoat. A phial, an Agnus Dei, a shrivelled potato and a celluloid doll fall out.)</em> Sacred Heart of Mary, where were you at all at all?</p>
<p><em>(Bloom, mumbling, his eyes downcast, begins to bestow his parcels in his filled pockets but desists, muttering.)</em></p>
<p>A VOICE: <em>(Sharply.)</em> Poldy!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Who? <em>(He ducks and wards off a blow clumsily.)</em> At your service.</p>
<p><em>(He looks up. Beside her mirage of datepalms a handsome woman in Turkish costume stands before him. Opulent curves fill out her scarlet trousers and jacket, slashed with gold. A wide yellow cummerbund girdles her. A white yashmak, violet in the night, covers her face, leaving free only her large dark eyes and raven hair.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Molly!</p>
<p>MARION: Welly? Mrs Marion from this out, my dear man, when you speak to me. <em>(Satirically.)</em> Has poor little hubby cold feet waiting so long?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shifts from foot to foot.)</em> No, no. Not the least little bit.</p>
<p><em>(He breathes in deep agitation, swallowing gulps of air, questions, hopes, crubeens for her supper, things to tell her, excuse, desire, spellbound. A coin gleams on her forehead. On her feet are jewelled toerings. Her ankles are linked by a slender fetterchain. Beside her a camel, hooded with a turreting turban, waits. A silk ladder of innumerable rungs climbs to his bobbing howdah. He ambles near with disgruntled hindquarters. Fiercely she slaps his haunch, her goldcurb wristbangles angriling, scolding him in Moorish.)</em></p>
<p>MARION: Nebrakada! Femininum!</p>
<p><em>(The camel, lifting a foreleg, plucks from a tree a large mango fruit, offers it to his mistress, blinking, in his cloven hoof, then droops his head and, grunting, with uplifted neck, fumbles to kneel. Bloom stoops his back for leapfrog.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: I can give you... I mean as your business menagerer... Mrs Marion... if you...</p>
<p>MARION: So you notice some change? <em>(Her hands passing slowly over her trinketed stomacher, a slow friendly mockery in her eyes.)</em> O Poldy, Poldy, you are a poor old stick in the mud! Go and see life. See the wide world.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I was just going back for that lotion whitewax, orangeflower water. Shop closes early on Thursday. But the first thing in the morning. <em>(He pats divers pockets.)</em> This moving kidney. Ah!</p>
<p><em>(He points to the south, then to the east. A cake of new clean lemon soap arises, diffusing light and perfume.)</em></p>
<p>THE SOAP:</p>
<p>We’re a capital couple are Bloom and I.<br />
He brightens the earth. I polish the sky.</p>
<p><em>(The freckled face of Sweny, the druggist, appears in the disc of the soapsun.)</em></p>
<p>SWENY: Three and a penny, please.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Yes. For my wife. Mrs Marion. Special recipe.</p>
<p>MARION: <em>(Softly.)</em> Poldy!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Yes, ma’am?</p>
<p>MARION: <em>Ti trema un poco il cuore?</em></p>
<p><em>(In disdain she saunters away, plump as a pampered pouter pigeon, humming the duet from</em> Don Giovanni.)</p>
<p>BLOOM: Are you sure about that <em>Voglio</em>? I mean the pronunciati...</p>
<p><em>(He follows, followed by the sniffing terrier. The elderly bawd seizes his sleeve, the bristles of her chinmole glittering.)</em></p>
<p>THE BAWD: Ten shillings a maidenhead. Fresh thing was never touched. Fifteen. There’s no-one in it only her old father that’s dead drunk.</p>
<p><em>(She points. In the gap of her dark den furtive, rainbedraggled, Bridie Kelly stands.)</em></p>
<p>BRIDIE: Hatch street. Any good in your mind?</p>
<p><em>(With a squeak she flaps her bat shawl and runs. A burly rough pursues with booted strides. He stumbles on the steps, recovers, plunges into gloom. Weak squeaks of laughter are heard, weaker.)</em></p>
<p>THE BAWD: <em>(Her wolfeyes shining.)</em> He’s getting his pleasure. You won’t get a virgin in the flash houses. Ten shillings. Don’t be all night before the polis in plain clothes sees us. Sixtyseven is a bitch.</p>
<p><em>(Leering, Gerty Macdowell limps forward. She draws from behind, ogling, and shows coyly her bloodied clout.)</em></p>
<p>GERTY: With all my worldly goods I thee and thou. <em>(She murmurs.)</em> You did that. I hate you.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I? When? You’re dreaming. I never saw you.</p>
<p>THE BAWD: Leave the gentleman alone, you cheat. Writing the gentleman false letters. Streetwalking and soliciting. Better for your mother take the strap to you at the bedpost, hussy like you.</p>
<p>GERTY: <em>(To Bloom.)</em> When you saw all the secrets of my bottom drawer. <em>(She paws his sleeve, slobbering.)</em> Dirty married man! I love you for doing that to me.</p>
<p><em>(She glides away crookedly. Mrs Breen in man’s frieze overcoat with loose bellows pockets, stands in the causeway, her roguish eyes wideopen, smiling in all her herbivorous buckteeth.)</em></p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Mr...</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Coughs gravely.)</em> Madam, when we last had this pleasure by letter dated the sixteenth instant...</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Mr Bloom! You down here in the haunts of sin! I caught you nicely! Scamp!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hurriedly.)</em> Not so loud my name. Whatever do you think of me? Don’t give me away. Walls have ears. How do you do? It’s ages since I. You’re looking splendid. Absolutely it. Seasonable weather we are having this time of year. Black refracts heat. Short cut home here. Interesting quarter. Rescue of fallen women. Magdalen asylum. I am the secretary...</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Holds up a finger.)</em> Now, don’t tell a big fib! I know somebody won’t like that. O just wait till I see Molly! <em>(Slily.)</em> Account for yourself this very sminute or woe betide you!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Looks behind.)</em> She often said she’d like to visit. Slumming. The exotic, you see. Negro servants in livery too if she had money. Othello black brute. Eugene Stratton. Even the bones and cornerman at the Livermore christies. Bohee brothers. Sweep for that matter.</p>
<p><em>(Tom and Sam Bohee, coloured coons in white duck suits, scarlet socks, upstarched Sambo chokers and large scarlet asters in their buttonholes, leap out. Each has his banjo slung. Their paler smaller negroid hands jingle the twingtwang wires. Flashing white Kaffir eyes and tusks they rattle through a breakdown in clumsy clogs, twinging, singing, back to back, toe heel, heel toe, with smackfatclacking nigger lips.)</em></p>
<p>TOM AND SAM:</p>
<p>There’s someone in the house with Dina<br />
There’s someone in the house, I know,<br />
There’s someone in the house with Dina<br />
Playing on the old banjo.</p>
<p><em>(They whisk black masks from raw babby faces: then, chuckling, chortling, trumming, twanging, they diddle diddle cakewalk dance away.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With a sour tenderish smile.)</em> A little frivol, shall we, if you are so inclined? Would you like me perhaps to embrace you just for a fraction of a second?</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Screams gaily.)</em> O, you ruck! You ought to see yourself!</p>
<p>BLOOM: For old sake’ sake. I only meant a square party, a mixed marriage mingling of our different little conjugials. You know I had a soft corner for you. <em>(Gloomily.)</em> ’Twas I sent you that valentine of the dear gazelle.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Glory Alice, you do look a holy show! Killing simply. <em>(She puts out her hand inquisitively.)</em> What are you hiding behind your back? Tell us, there’s a dear.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Seizes her wrist with his free hand.)</em> Josie Powell that was, prettiest deb in Dublin. How time flies by! Do you remember, harking back in a retrospective arrangement, Old Christmas night, Georgina Simpson’s housewarming while they were playing the Irving Bishop game, finding the pin blindfold and thoughtreading? Subject, what is in this snuffbox?</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: You were the lion of the night with your seriocomic recitation and you looked the part. You were always a favourite with the ladies.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Squire of dames, in dinner jacket with wateredsilk facings, blue masonic badge in his buttonhole, black bow and mother-of-pearl studs, a prismatic champagne glass tilted in his hand.)</em> Ladies and gentlemen, I give you Ireland, home and beauty.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: The dear dead days beyond recall. Love’s old sweet song.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Meaningfully dropping his voice.)</em> I confess I’m teapot with curiosity to find out whether some person’s something is a little teapot at present.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Gushingly.)</em> Tremendously teapot! London’s teapot and I’m simply teapot all over me! <em>(She rubs sides with him.)</em> After the parlour mystery games and the crackers from the tree we sat on the staircase ottoman. Under the mistletoe. Two is company.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Wearing a purple Napoleon hat with an amber halfmoon, his fingers and thumb passing slowly down to her soft moist meaty palm which she surrenders gently.)</em> The witching hour of night. I took the splinter out of this hand, carefully, slowly. <em>(Tenderly, as he slips on her finger a ruby ring.) Là ci darem la mano.</em></p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(In a onepiece evening frock executed in moonlight blue, a tinsel sylph’s diadem on her brow with her dancecard fallen beside her moonblue satin slipper, curves her palm softly, breathing quickly.) Voglio e non.</em> You’re hot! You’re scalding! The left hand nearest the heart.</p>
<p>BLOOM: When you made your present choice they said it was beauty and the beast. I can never forgive you for that. <em>(His clenched fist at his brow.)</em> Think what it means. All you meant to me then. <em>(Hoarsely.)</em> Woman, it’s breaking me!</p>
<p><em>(Denis Breen, whitetallhatted, with Wisdom Hely’s sandwichboards, shuffles past them in carpet slippers, his dull beard thrust out, muttering to right and left. Little Alf Bergan, cloaked in the pall of the ace of spades, dogs him to left and right, doubled in laughter.)</em></p>
<p>ALF BERGAN: <em>(Points jeering at the sandwichboards.)</em> U. p: up.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(To Bloom.)</em> High jinks below stairs. <em>(She gives him the glad eye.)</em> Why didn’t you kiss the spot to make it well? You wanted to.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shocked.)</em> Molly’s best friend! Could you?</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Her pulpy tongue between her lips, offers a pigeon kiss.)</em> Hnhn. The answer is a lemon. Have you a little present for me there?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Offhandedly.)</em> Kosher. A snack for supper. The home without potted meat is incomplete. I was at <em>Leah</em>, Mrs Bandmann Palmer. Trenchant exponent of Shakespeare. Unfortunately threw away the programme. Rattling good place round there for pigs’ feet. Feel.</p>
<p><em>(Richie Goulding, three ladies’ hats pinned on his head, appears weighted to one side by the black legal bag of Collis and Ward on which a skull and crossbones are painted in white limewash. He opens it and shows it full of polonies, kippered herrings, Findon haddies and tightpacked pills.)</em></p>
<p>RICHIE: Best value in Dub.</p>
<p><em>(Bald Pat, bothered beetle, stands on the curbstone, folding his napkin, waiting to wait.)</em></p>
<p>PAT: <em>(Advances with a tilted dish of spillspilling gravy.)</em> Steak and kidney. Bottle of lager. Hee hee hee. Wait till I wait.</p>
<p>RICHIE: Goodgod. Inev erate inall...</p>
<p><em>(With hanging head he marches doggedly forward. The navvy, lurching by, gores him with his flaming pronghorn.)</em></p>
<p>RICHIE: <em>(With a cry of pain, his hand to his back.)</em> Ah! Bright’s! Lights!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Points to the navvy.)</em> A spy. Don’t attract attention. I hate stupid crowds. I am not on pleasure bent. I am in a grave predicament.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Humbugging and deluthering as per usual with your cock and bull story.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I want to tell you a little secret about how I came to be here. But you must never tell. Not even Molly. I have a most particular reason.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(All agog.)</em> O, not for worlds.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Let’s walk on. Shall us?</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Let’s.</p>
<p><em>(The bawd makes an unheeded sign. Bloom walks on with Mrs Breen. The terrier follows, whining piteously, wagging his tail.)</em></p>
<p>THE BAWD: Jewman’s melt!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In an oatmeal sporting suit, a sprig of woodbine in the lapel, tony buff shirt, shepherd’s plaid Saint Andrew’s cross scarftie, white spats, fawn dustcoat on his arm, tawny red brogues, fieldglasses in bandolier and a grey billycock hat.)</em> Do you remember a long long time, years and years ago, just after Milly, Marionette we called her, was weaned when we all went together to Fairyhouse races, was it?</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(In smart Saxe tailormade, white velours hat and spider veil.)</em> Leopardstown.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I mean, Leopardstown. And Molly won seven shillings on a three year old named Nevertell and coming home along by Foxrock in that old fiveseater shanderadan of a waggonette you were in your heyday then and you had on that new hat of white velours with a surround of molefur that Mrs Hayes advised you to buy because it was marked down to nineteen and eleven, a bit of wire and an old rag of velveteen, and I’ll lay you what you like she did it on purpose...</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: She did, of course, the cat! Don’t tell me! Nice adviser!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Because it didn’t suit you one quarter as well as the other ducky little tammy toque with the bird of paradise wing in it that I admired on you and you honestly looked just too fetching in it though it was a pity to kill it, you cruel naughty creature, little mite of a thing with a heart the size of a fullstop.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Squeezes his arm, simpers.)</em> Naughty cruel I was!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Low, secretly, ever more rapidly.)</em> And Molly was eating a sandwich of spiced beef out of Mrs Joe Gallaher’s lunch basket. Frankly, though she had her advisers or admirers, I never cared much for her style. She was...</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Too...</p>
<p>BLOOM: Yes. And Molly was laughing because Rogers and Maggot O’Reilly were mimicking a cock as we passed a farmhouse and Marcus Tertius Moses, the tea merchant, drove past us in a gig with his daughter, Dancer Moses was her name, and the poodle in her lap bridled up and you asked me if I ever heard or read or knew or came across...</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Eagerly.)</em> Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes.</p>
<p><em>(She fades from his side. Followed by the whining dog he walks on towards hellsgates. In an archway a standing woman, bent forward, her feet apart, pisses cowily. Outside a shuttered pub a bunch of loiterers listen to a tale which their brokensnouted gaffer rasps out with raucous humour. An armless pair of them flop wrestling, growling, in maimed sodden playfight.)</em></p>
<p>THE GAFFER: <em>(Crouches, his voice twisted in his snout.)</em> And when Cairns came down from the scaffolding in Beaver street what was he after doing it into only into the bucket of porter that was there waiting on the shavings for Derwan’s plasterers.</p>
<p>THE LOITERERS: <em>(Guffaw with cleft palates.)</em> O jays!</p>
<p><em>(Their paintspeckled hats wag. Spattered with size and lime of their lodges they frisk limblessly about him.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Coincidence too. They think it funny. Anything but that. Broad daylight. Trying to walk. Lucky no woman.</p>
<p>THE LOITERERS: Jays, that’s a good one. Glauber salts. O jays, into the men’s porter.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom passes. Cheap whores, singly, coupled, shawled, dishevelled, call from lanes, doors, corners.)</em></p>
<p>THE WHORES:</p>
<p>Are you going far, queer fellow?<br />
How’s your middle leg?<br />
Got a match on you?<br />
Eh, come here till I stiffen it for you.</p>
<p><em>(He plodges through their sump towards the lighted street beyond. From a bulge of window curtains a gramophone rears a battered brazen trunk. In the shadow a shebeenkeeper haggles with the navvy and the two redcoats.)</em></p>
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Belching.)</em> Where’s the bloody house?</p>
<p>THE SHEBEENKEEPER: Purdon street. Shilling a bottle of stout. Respectable woman.</p>
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Gripping the two redcoats, staggers forward with them.)</em> Come on, you British army!</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Behind his back.)</em> He aint half balmy.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Laughs.)</em> What ho!</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To the navvy.)</em> Portobello barracks canteen. You ask for Carr. Just Carr.</p>
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Shouts.)</em></p>
<p>We are the boys. Of Wexford.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Say! What price the sergeantmajor?</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: Bennett? He’s my pal. I love old Bennett.</p>
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Shouts.)</em></p>
<p>The galling chain.<br />
And free our native land.</p>
<p><em>(He staggers forward, dragging them with him. Bloom stops, at fault. The dog approaches, his tongue outlolling, panting.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Wildgoose chase this. Disorderly houses. Lord knows where they are gone. Drunks cover distance double quick. Nice mixup. Scene at Westland row. Then jump in first class with third ticket. Then too far. Train with engine behind. Might have taken me to Malahide or a siding for the night or collision. Second drink does it. Once is a dose. What am I following him for? Still, he’s the best of that lot. If I hadn’t heard about Mrs Beaufoy Purefoy I wouldn’t have gone and wouldn’t have met. Kismet. He’ll lose that cash. Relieving office here. Good biz for cheapjacks, organs. What do ye lack? Soon got, soon gone. Might have lost my life too with that mangongwheeltracktrolleyglarejuggernaut only for presence of mind. Can’t always save you, though. If I had passed Truelock’s window that day two minutes later would have been shot. Absence of body. Still if bullet only went through my coat get damages for shock, five hundred pounds. What was he? Kildare street club toff. God help his gamekeeper.</p>
<p><em>(He gazes ahead, reading on the wall a scrawled chalk legend</em> Wet Dream <em>and a phallic design.</em>) Odd! Molly drawing on the frosted carriagepane at Kingstown. What’s that like? <em>(Gaudy dollwomen loll in the lighted doorways, in window embrasures, smoking birdseye cigarettes. The odour of the sicksweet weed floats towards him in slow round ovalling wreaths.)</em></p>
<p>THE WREATHS: Sweet are the sweets. Sweets of sin.</p>
<p>BLOOM: My spine’s a bit limp. Go or turn? And this food? Eat it and get all pigsticky. Absurd I am. Waste of money. One and eightpence too much. <em>(The retriever drives a cold snivelling muzzle against his hand, wagging his tail.)</em> Strange how they take to me. Even that brute today. Better speak to him first. Like women they like <em>rencontres.</em> Stinks like a polecat. <em>Chacun son goût</em>. He might be mad. Dogdays. Uncertain in his movements. Good fellow! Fido! Good fellow! Garryowen! <em>(The wolfdog sprawls on his back, wriggling obscenely with begging paws, his long black tongue lolling out.)</em> Influence of his surroundings. Give and have done with it. Provided nobody. <em>(Calling encouraging words he shambles back with a furtive poacher’s tread, dogged by the setter into a dark stalestunk corner. He unrolls one parcel and goes to dump the crubeen softly but holds back and feels the trotter.)</em> Sizeable for threepence. But then I have it in my left hand. Calls for more effort. Why? Smaller from want of use. O, let it slide. Two and six.</p>
<p><em>(With regret he lets the unrolled crubeen and trotter slide. The mastiff mauls the bundle clumsily and gluts himself with growling greed, crunching the bones. Two raincaped watch approach, silent, vigilant. They murmur together.)</em></p>
<p>THE WATCH: Bloom. Of Bloom. For Bloom. Bloom.</p>
<p><em>(Each lays hand on Bloom’s shoulder.)</em></p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Caught in the act. Commit no nuisance.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Stammers.)</em> I am doing good to others.</p>
<p><em>(A covey of gulls, storm petrels, rises hungrily from Liffey slime with Banbury cakes in their beaks.)</em></p>
<p>THE GULLS: Kaw kave kankury kake.</p>
<p>BLOOM: The friend of man. Trained by kindness.</p>
<p><em>(He points. Bob Doran, toppling from a high barstool, sways over the munching spaniel.)</em></p>
<p>BOB DORAN: Towser. Give us the paw. Give the paw.</p>
<p><em>(The bulldog growls, his scruff standing, a gobbet of pig’s knuckle between his molars through which rabid scumspittle dribbles. Bob Doran falls silently into an area.)</em></p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: Prevention of cruelty to animals.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Enthusiastically.)</em> A noble work! I scolded that tramdriver on Harold’s cross bridge for illusing the poor horse with his harness scab. Bad French I got for my pains. Of course it was frosty and the last tram. All tales of circus life are highly demoralising.</p>
<p><em>(Signor Maffei, passionpale, in liontamer’s costume with diamond studs in his shirtfront, steps forward, holding a circus paperhoop, a curling carriagewhip and a revolver with which he covers the gorging boarhound.)</em></p>
<p>SIGNOR MAFFEI: <em>(With a sinister smile.)</em> Ladies and gentlemen, my educated greyhound. It was I broke in the bucking broncho Ajax with my patent spiked saddle for carnivores. Lash under the belly with a knotted thong. Block tackle and a strangling pulley will bring your lion to heel, no matter how fractious, even <em>Leo ferox</em> there, the Libyan maneater. A redhot crowbar and some liniment rubbing on the burning part produced Fritz of Amsterdam, the thinking hyena. <em>(He glares.)</em> I possess the Indian sign. The glint of my eye does it with these breastsparklers. <em>(With a bewitching smile.)</em> I now introduce Mademoiselle Ruby, the pride of the ring.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Come. Name and address.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I have forgotten for the moment. Ah, yes! <em>(He takes off his high grade hat, saluting.)</em> Dr Bloom, Leopold, dental surgeon. You have heard of von Blum Pasha. Umpteen millions. <em>Donnerwetter!</em> Owns half Austria. Egypt. Cousin.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Proof.</p>
<p><em>(A card falls from inside the leather headband of Bloom’s hat.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In red fez, cadi’s dress coat with broad green sash, wearing a false badge of the Legion of Honour, picks up the card hastily and offers it.)</em> Allow me. My club is the Junior Army and Navy. Solicitors: Messrs John Henry Menton, 27 Bachelor’s Walk.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Reads.)</em> Henry Flower. No fixed abode. Unlawfully watching and besetting.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: An alibi. You are cautioned.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Produces from his heartpocket a crumpled yellow flower.)</em> This is the flower in question. It was given me by a man I don’t know his name. <em>(Plausibly.)</em> You know that old joke, rose of Castile. Bloom. The change of name. Virag. <em>(He murmurs privately and confidentially.)</em> We are engaged you see, sergeant. Lady in the case. Love entanglement. <em>(He shoulders the second watch gently.)</em> Dash it all. It’s a way we gallants have in the navy. Uniform that does it. <em>(He turns gravely to the first watch.)</em> Still, of course, you do get your Waterloo sometimes. Drop in some evening and have a glass of old Burgundy. <em>(To the second watch gaily.)</em> I’ll introduce you, inspector. She’s game. Do it in the shake of a lamb’s tail.</p>
<p><em>(A dark mercurialised face appears, leading a veiled figure.)</em></p>
<p>THE DARK MERCURY: The Castle is looking for him. He was drummed out of the army.</p>
<p>MARTHA: <em>(Thickveiled, a crimson halter round her neck, a copy of the</em> Irish Times <em>in her hand, in tone of reproach, pointing.)</em> Henry! Leopold! Lionel, thou lost one! Clear my name.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Sternly.)</em> Come to the station.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Scared, hats himself, steps back, then, plucking at his heart and lifting his right forearm on the square, he gives the sign and dueguard of fellowcraft.)</em> No, no, worshipful master, light of love. Mistaken identity. The Lyons mail. Lesurques and Dubosc. You remember the Childs fratricide case. We medical men. By striking him dead with a hatchet. I am wrongfully accused. Better one guilty escape than ninetynine wrongfully condemned.</p>
<p>MARTHA: <em>(Sobbing behind her veil.)</em> Breach of promise. My real name is Peggy Griffin. He wrote to me that he was miserable. I’ll tell my brother, the Bective rugger fullback, on you, heartless flirt.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Behind his hand.)</em> She’s drunk. The woman is inebriated. <em>(He murmurs vaguely the pass of Ephraim.)</em> Shitbroleeth.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Tears in his eyes, to Bloom.)</em> You ought to be thoroughly well ashamed of yourself.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Gentlemen of the jury, let me explain. A pure mare’s nest. I am a man misunderstood. I am being made a scapegoat of. I am a respectable married man, without a stain on my character. I live in Eccles street. My wife, I am the daughter of a most distinguished commander, a gallant upstanding gentleman, what do you call him, Majorgeneral Brian Tweedy, one of Britain’s fighting men who helped to win our battles. Got his majority for the heroic defence of Rorke’s Drift.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Regiment.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Turns to the gallery.)</em> The royal Dublins, boys, the salt of the earth, known the world over. I think I see some old comrades in arms up there among you. The R. D. F., with our own Metropolitan police, guardians of our homes, the pluckiest lads and the finest body of men, as physique, in the service of our sovereign.</p>
<p>A VOICE: Turncoat! Up the Boers! Who booed Joe Chamberlain?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His hand on the shoulder of the first watch.)</em> My old dad too was a J. P. I’m as staunch a Britisher as you are, sir. I fought with the colours for king and country in the absentminded war under general Gough in the park and was disabled at Spion Kop and Bloemfontein, was mentioned in dispatches. I did all a white man could. <em>(With quiet feeling.)</em> Jim Bludso. Hold her nozzle again the bank.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Profession or trade.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Well, I follow a literary occupation, author-journalist. In fact we are just bringing out a collection of prize stories of which I am the inventor, something that is an entirely new departure. I am connected with the British and Irish press. If you ring up...</p>
<p><em>(Myles Crawford strides out jerkily, a quill between his teeth. His scarlet beak blazes within the aureole of his straw hat. He dangles a hank of Spanish onions in one hand and holds with the other hand a telephone receiver nozzle to his ear.)</em></p>
<p>MYLES CRAWFORD: <em>(His cock’s wattles wagging.)</em> Hello, seventyseven eightfour. Hello. <em>Freeman’s Urinal</em> and <em>Weekly Arsewipe</em> here. Paralyse Europe. You which? Bluebags? Who writes? Is it Bloom?</p>
<p><em>(Mr Philip Beaufoy, palefaced, stands in the witnessbox, in accurate morning dress, outbreast pocket with peak of handkerchief showing, creased lavender trousers and patent boots. He carries a large portfolio labelled</em> Matcham’s Masterstrokes.)</p>
<p>BEAUFOY: <em>(Drawls.)</em> No, you aren’t. Not by a long shot if I know it. I don’t see it, that’s all. No born gentleman, no-one with the most rudimentary promptings of a gentleman would stoop to such particularly loathsome conduct. One of those, my lord. A plagiarist. A soapy sneak masquerading as a literateur. It’s perfectly obvious that with the most inherent baseness he has cribbed some of my bestselling copy, really gorgeous stuff, a perfect gem, the love passages in which are beneath suspicion. The Beaufoy books of love and great possessions, with which your lordship is doubtless familiar, are a household word throughout the kingdom.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Murmurs with hangdog meekness glum.)</em> That bit about the laughing witch hand in hand I take exception to, if I may...</p>
<p>BEAUFOY: <em>(His lip upcurled, smiles superciliously on the court.)</em> You funny ass, you! You’re too beastly awfully weird for words! I don’t think you need over excessively disincommodate yourself in that regard. My literary agent Mr J. B. Pinker is in attendance. I presume, my lord, we shall receive the usual witnesses’ fees, shan’t we? We are considerably out of pocket over this bally pressman johnny, this jackdaw of Rheims, who has not even been to a university.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Indistinctly.)</em> University of life. Bad art.</p>
<p>BEAUFOY: <em>(Shouts.)</em> It’s a damnably foul lie, showing the moral rottenness of the man! <em>(He extends his portfolio.)</em> We have here damning evidence, the <em>corpus delicti</em>, my lord, a specimen of my maturer work disfigured by the hallmark of the beast.</p>
<p>A VOICE FROM THE GALLERY:</p>
<p>Moses, Moses, king of the jews,<br />
Wiped his arse in the <em>Daily News</em>.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bravely.)</em> Overdrawn.</p>
<p>BEAUFOY: You low cad! You ought to be ducked in the horsepond, you rotter! <em>(To the court.)</em> Why, look at the man’s private life! Leading a quadruple existence! Street angel and house devil. Not fit to be mentioned in mixed society! The archconspirator of the age!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To the court.)</em> And he, a bachelor, how...</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: The King versus Bloom. Call the woman Driscoll.</p>
<p>THE CRIER: Mary Driscoll, scullerymaid!</p>
<p><em>(Mary Driscoll, a slipshod servant girl, approaches. She has a bucket on the crook of her arm and a scouringbrush in her hand.)</em></p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: Another! Are you of the unfortunate class?</p>
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: <em>(Indignantly.)</em> I’m not a bad one. I bear a respectable character and was four months in my last place. I was in a situation, six pounds a year and my chances with Fridays out and I had to leave owing to his carryings on.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: What do you tax him with?</p>
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: He made a certain suggestion but I thought more of myself as poor as I am.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In housejacket of ripplecloth, flannel trousers, heelless slippers, unshaven, his hair rumpled: softly.)</em> I treated you white. I gave you mementos, smart emerald garters far above your station. Incautiously I took your part when you were accused of pilfering. There’s a medium in all things. Play cricket.</p>
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: <em>(Excitedly.)</em> As God is looking down on me this night if ever I laid a hand to them oylsters!</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: The offence complained of? Did something happen?</p>
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: He surprised me in the rere of the premises, Your honour, when the missus was out shopping one morning with a request for a safety pin. He held me and I was discoloured in four places as a result. And he interfered twict with my clothing.</p>
<p>BLOOM: She counterassaulted.</p>
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: <em>(Scornfully.)</em> I had more respect for the scouringbrush, so I had. I remonstrated with him, Your lord, and he remarked: keep it quiet.</p>
<p><em>(General laughter.)</em></p>
<p>GEORGE FOTTRELL: <em>(Clerk of the crown and peace, resonantly.)</em> Order in court! The accused will now make a bogus statement.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom, pleading not guilty and holding a fullblown waterlily, begins a long unintelligible speech. They would hear what counsel had to say in his stirring address to the grand jury. He was down and out but, though branded as a black sheep, if he might say so, he meant to reform, to retrieve the memory of the past in a purely sisterly way and return to nature as a purely domestic animal. A sevenmonths’ child, he had been carefully brought up and nurtured by an aged bedridden parent. There might have been lapses of an erring father but he wanted to turn over a new leaf and now, when at long last in sight of the whipping post, to lead a homely life in the evening of his days, permeated by the affectionate surroundings of the heaving bosom of the family. An acclimatised Britisher, he had seen that summer eve from the footplate of an engine cab of the Loop line railway company while the rain refrained from falling glimpses, as it were, through the windows of loveful households in Dublin city and urban district of scenes truly rural of happiness of the better land with Dockrell’s wallpaper at one and ninepence a dozen, innocent Britishborn bairns lisping prayers to the Sacred Infant, youthful scholars grappling with their pensums or model young ladies playing on the pianoforte or anon all with fervour reciting the family rosary round the crackling Yulelog while in the boreens and green lanes the colleens with their swains strolled what times the strains of the organtoned melodeon Britannia metalbound with four acting stops and twelvefold bellows, a sacrifice, greatest bargain ever....</em></p>
<p><em>(Renewed laughter. He mumbles incoherently. Reporters complain that they cannot hear.)</em></p>
<p>LONGHAND AND SHORTHAND: <em>(Without looking up from their notebooks.)</em> Loosen his boots.</p>
<p>PROFESSOR MACHUGH: <em>(From the presstable, coughs and calls.)</em> Cough it up, man. Get it out in bits.</p>
<p><em>(The crossexamination proceeds</em> re <em>Bloom and the bucket. A large bucket. Bloom himself. Bowel trouble. In Beaver street. Gripe, yes. Quite bad. A plasterer’s bucket. By walking stifflegged. Suffered untold misery. Deadly agony. About noon. Love or burgundy. Yes, some spinach. Crucial moment. He did not look in the bucket. Nobody. Rather a mess. Not completely. A</em> Titbits <em>back number</em>.)</p>
<p><em>(Uproar and catcalls. Bloom in a torn frockcoat stained with whitewash, dinged silk hat sideways on his head, a strip of stickingplaster across his nose, talks inaudibly.)</em></p>
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: <em>(In barrister’s grey wig and stuffgown, speaking with a voice of pained protest.)</em> This is no place for indecent levity at the expense of an erring mortal disguised in liquor. We are not in a beargarden nor at an Oxford rag nor is this a travesty of justice. My client is an infant, a poor foreign immigrant who started scratch as a stowaway and is now trying to turn an honest penny. The trumped up misdemeanour was due to a momentary aberration of heredity, brought on by hallucination, such familiarities as the alleged guilty occurrence being quite permitted in my client’s native place, the land of the Pharaoh. <em>Prima facie</em>, I put it to you that there was no attempt at carnally knowing. Intimacy did not occur and the offence complained of by Driscoll, that her virtue was solicited, was not repeated. I would deal in especial with atavism. There have been cases of shipwreck and somnambulism in my client’s family. If the accused could speak he could a tale unfold—one of the strangest that have ever been narrated between the covers of a book. He himself, my lord, is a physical wreck from cobbler’s weak chest. His submission is that he is of Mongolian extraction and irresponsible for his actions. Not all there, in fact.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Barefoot, pigeonbreasted, in lascar’s vest and trousers, apologetic toes turned in, opens his tiny mole’s eyes and looks about him dazedly, passing a slow hand across his forehead. Then he hitches his belt sailor fashion and with a shrug of oriental obeisance salutes the court, pointing one thumb heavenward.)</em> Him makee velly muchee fine night. <em>(He begins to lilt simply.)</em></p>
<p>Li li poo lil chile<br />
Blingee pigfoot evly night<br />
Payee two shilly...</p>
<p><em>(He is howled down.)</em></p>
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: <em>(Hotly to the populace.)</em> This is a lonehand fight. By Hades, I will not have any client of mine gagged and badgered in this fashion by a pack of curs and laughing hyenas. The Mosaic code has superseded the law of the jungle. I say it and I say it emphatically, without wishing for one moment to defeat the ends of justice, accused was not accessory before the act and prosecutrix has not been tampered with. The young person was treated by defendant as if she were his very own daughter. <em>(Bloom takes J. J. O’Molloy’s hand and raises it to his lips.)</em> I shall call rebutting evidence to prove up to the hilt that the hidden hand is again at its old game. When in doubt persecute Bloom. My client, an innately bashful man, would be the last man in the world to do anything ungentlemanly which injured modesty could object to or cast a stone at a girl who took the wrong turning when some dastard, responsible for her condition, had worked his own sweet will on her. He wants to go straight. I regard him as the whitest man I know. He is down on his luck at present owing to the mortgaging of his extensive property at Agendath Netaim in faraway Asia Minor, slides of which will now be shown. <em>(To Bloom.)</em> I suggest that you will do the handsome thing.</p>
<p>BLOOM: A penny in the pound.</p>
<p><em>(The image of the lake of Kinnereth with blurred cattle cropping in silver haze is projected on the wall. Moses Dlugacz, ferreteyed albino, in blue dungarees, stands up in the gallery, holding in each hand an orange citron and a pork kidney.)</em></p>
<p>DLUGACZ: <em>(Hoarsely.)</em> Bleibtreustrasse, Berlin, W. 13.</p>
<p><em>(J. J. O’Molloy steps on to a low plinth and holds the lapel of his coat with solemnity. His face lengthens, grows pale and bearded, with sunken eyes, the blotches of phthisis and hectic cheekbones of John F. Taylor. He applies his handkerchief to his mouth and scrutinises the galloping tide of rosepink blood.)</em></p>
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: <em>(Almost voicelessly.)</em> Excuse me. I am suffering from a severe chill, have recently come from a sickbed. A few wellchosen words. <em>(He assumes the avine head, foxy moustache and proboscidal eloquence of Seymour Bushe.)</em> When the angel’s book comes to be opened if aught that the pensive bosom has inaugurated of soultransfigured and of soultransfiguring deserves to live I say accord the prisoner at the bar the sacred benefit of the doubt.</p>
<p><em>(A paper with something written on it is handed into court.</em>)</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In court dress.)</em> Can give best references. Messrs Callan, Coleman. Mr Wisdom Hely J. P. My old chief Joe Cuffe. Mr V. B. Dillon, ex lord mayor of Dublin. I have moved in the charmed circle of the highest... Queens of Dublin society. <em>(Carelessly.)</em> I was just chatting this afternoon at the viceregal lodge to my old pals, sir Robert and lady Ball, astronomer royal, at the levee. Sir Bob, I said...</p>
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: <em>(In lowcorsaged opal balldress and elbowlength ivory gloves, wearing a sabletrimmed brickquilted dolman, a comb of brilliants and panache of osprey in her hair.)</em> Arrest him, constable. He wrote me an anonymous letter in prentice backhand when my husband was in the North Riding of Tipperary on the Munster circuit, signed James Lovebirch. He said that he had seen from the gods my peerless globes as I sat in a box of the <em>Theatre Royal</em> at a command performance of <em>La Cigale</em>. I deeply inflamed him, he said. He made improper overtures to me to misconduct myself at half past four p.m. on the following Thursday, Dunsink time. He offered to send me through the post a work of fiction by Monsieur Paul de Kock, entitled <em>The Girl with the Three Pairs of Stays</em>.</p>
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: <em>(In cap and seal coney mantle, wrapped up to the nose, steps out of her brougham and scans through tortoiseshell quizzing-glasses which she takes from inside her huge opossum muff.)</em> Also to me. Yes, I believe it is the same objectionable person. Because he closed my carriage door outside sir Thornley Stoker’s one sleety day during the cold snap of February ninetythree when even the grid of the wastepipe and the ballstop in my bath cistern were frozen. Subsequently he enclosed a bloom of edelweiss culled on the heights, as he said, in my honour. I had it examined by a botanical expert and elicited the information that it was a blossom of the homegrown potato plant purloined from a forcingcase of the model farm.</p>
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Shame on him!</p>
<p><em>(A crowd of sluts and ragamuffins surges forward.)</em></p>
<p>THE SLUTS AND RAGAMUFFINS: <em>(Screaming.)</em> Stop thief! Hurrah there, Bluebeard! Three cheers for Ikey Mo!</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Produces handcuffs.)</em> Here are the darbies.</p>
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: He addressed me in several handwritings with fulsome compliments as a Venus in furs and alleged profound pity for my frostbound coachman Palmer while in the same breath he expressed himself as envious of his earflaps and fleecy sheepskins and of his fortunate proximity to my person, when standing behind my chair wearing my livery and the armorial bearings of the Bellingham escutcheon garnished sable, a buck’s head couped or. He lauded almost extravagantly my nether extremities, my swelling calves in silk hose drawn up to the limit, and eulogised glowingly my other hidden treasures in priceless lace which, he said, he could conjure up. He urged me (Stating that he felt it his mission in life to urge me.) to defile the marriage bed, to commit adultery at the earliest possible opportunity.</p>
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(In amazon costume, hard hat, jackboots cockspurred, vermilion waistcoat, fawn musketeer gauntlets with braided drums, long train held up and hunting crop with which she strikes her welt constantly.)</em> Also me. Because he saw me on the polo ground of the Phoenix park at the match All Ireland versus the Rest of Ireland. My eyes, I know, shone divinely as I watched Captain Slogger Dennehy of the Inniskillings win the final chukkar on his darling cob <em>Centaur.</em> This plebeian Don Juan observed me from behind a hackney car and sent me in double envelopes an obscene photograph, such as are sold after dark on Paris boulevards, insulting to any lady. I have it still. It represents a partially nude señorita, frail and lovely (his wife, as he solemnly assured me, taken by him from nature), practising illicit intercourse with a muscular torero, evidently a blackguard. He urged me to do likewise, to misbehave, to sin with officers of the garrison. He implored me to soil his letter in an unspeakable manner, to chastise him as he richly deserves, to bestride and ride him, to give him a most vicious horsewhipping.</p>
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: Me too.</p>
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Me too.</p>
<p><em>(Several highly respectable Dublin ladies hold up improper letters received from Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(Stamps her jingling spurs in a sudden paroxysm of fury.)</em> I will, by the God above me. I’ll scourge the pigeonlivered cur as long as I can stand over him. I’ll flay him alive.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His eyes closing, quails expectantly.)</em> Here? <em>(He squirms.)</em> Again! <em>(He pants cringing.)</em> I love the danger.</p>
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: Very much so! I’ll make it hot for you. I’ll make you dance Jack Latten for that.</p>
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: Tan his breech well, the upstart! Write the stars and stripes on it!</p>
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Disgraceful! There’s no excuse for him! A married man!</p>
<p>BLOOM: All these people. I meant only the spanking idea. A warm tingling glow without effusion. Refined birching to stimulate the circulation.</p>
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(Laughs derisively.)</em> O, did you, my fine fellow? Well, by the living God, you’ll get the surprise of your life now, believe me, the most unmerciful hiding a man ever bargained for. You have lashed the dormant tigress in my nature into fury.</p>
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: <em>(Shakes her muff and quizzing-glasses vindictively.)</em> Make him smart, Hanna dear. Give him ginger. Thrash the mongrel within an inch of his life. The cat-o’-nine-tails. Geld him. Vivisect him.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shuddering, shrinking, joins his hands: with hangdog mien.)</em> O cold! O shivery! It was your ambrosial beauty. Forget, forgive. Kismet. Let me off this once. <em>(He offers the other cheek.)</em></p>
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: <em>(Severely.)</em> Don’t do so on any account, Mrs Talboys! He should be soundly trounced!</p>
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(Unbuttoning her gauntlet violently.)</em> I’ll do no such thing. Pigdog and always was ever since he was pupped! To dare address me! I’ll flog him black and blue in the public streets. I’ll dig my spurs in him up to the rowel. He is a wellknown cuckold. <em>(She swishes her huntingcrop savagely in the air.)</em> Take down his trousers without loss of time. Come here, sir! Quick! Ready?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Trembling, beginning to obey.)</em> The weather has been so warm.</p>
<p><em>(Davy Stephens, ringletted, passes with a bevy of barefoot newsboys.)</em></p>
<p>DAVY STEPHENS: <em>Messenger of the Sacred Heart</em> and <em>Evening Telegraph</em> with Saint Patrick’s Day supplement. Containing the new addresses of all the cuckolds in Dublin.</p>
<p><em>(The very reverend Canon O’Hanlon in cloth of gold cope elevates and exposes a marble timepiece. Before him Father Conroy and the reverend John Hughes S. J. bend low.)</em></p>
<p>THE TIMEPIECE: <em>(Unportalling.)</em></p>
<p>Cuckoo.<br />
Cuckoo.<br />
Cuckoo.</p>
<p><em>(The brass quoits of a bed are heard to jingle.)</em></p>
<p>THE QUOITS: Jigjag. Jigajiga. Jigjag.</p>
<p><em>(A panel of fog rolls back rapidly, revealing rapidly in the jurybox the faces of Martin Cunningham, foreman, silkhatted, Jack Power, Simon Dedalus, Tom Kernan, Ned Lambert, John Henry Menton, Myles Crawford, Lenehan, Paddy Leonard, Nosey Flynn, M’Coy and the featureless face of a Nameless One.)</em></p>
<p>THE NAMELESS ONE: Bareback riding. Weight for age. Gob, he organised her.</p>
<p>THE JURORS: <em>(All their heads turned to his voice.)</em> Really?</p>
<p>THE NAMELESS ONE: <em>(Snarls.)</em> Arse over tip. Hundred shillings to five.</p>
<p>THE JURORS: <em>(All their heads lowered in assent.)</em> Most of us thought as much.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: He is a marked man. Another girl’s plait cut. Wanted: Jack the Ripper. A thousand pounds reward.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Awed, whispers.)</em> And in black. A mormon. Anarchist.</p>
<p>THE CRIER: <em>(Loudly.)</em> Whereas Leopold Bloom of no fixed abode is a wellknown dynamitard, forger, bigamist, bawd and cuckold and a public nuisance to the citizens of Dublin and whereas at this commission of assizes the most honourable...</p>
<p><em>(His Honour, sir Frederick Falkiner, recorder of Dublin, in judicial garb of grey stone rises from the bench, stonebearded. He bears in his arms an umbrella sceptre. From his forehead arise starkly the Mosaic ramshorns.)</em></p>
<p>THE RECORDER: I will put an end to this white slave traffic and rid Dublin of this odious pest. Scandalous! <em>(He dons the black cap.)</em> Let him be taken, Mr Subsheriff, from the dock where he now stands and detained in custody in Mountjoy prison during His Majesty’s pleasure and there be hanged by the neck until he is dead and therein fail not at your peril or may the Lord have mercy on your soul. Remove him. <em>(A black skullcap descends upon his head.)</em></p>
<p><em>(The subsheriff Long John Fanning appears, smoking a pungent Henry Clay.)</em></p>
<p>LONG JOHN FANNING: <em>(Scowls and calls with rich rolling utterance.)</em> Who’ll hang Judas Iscariot?</p>
<p><em>(H. Rumbold, master barber, in a bloodcoloured jerkin and tanner’s apron, a rope coiled over his shoulder, mounts the block. A life preserver and a nailstudded bludgeon are stuck in his belt. He rubs grimly his grappling hands, knobbed with knuckledusters.)</em></p>
<p>RUMBOLD: <em>(To the recorder with sinister familiarity.)</em> Hanging Harry, your Majesty, the Mersey terror. Five guineas a jugular. Neck or nothing.</p>
<p><em>(The bells of George’s church toll slowly, loud dark iron.)</em></p>
<p>THE BELLS: Heigho! Heigho!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Desperately.)</em> Wait. Stop. Gulls. Good heart. I saw. Innocence. Girl in the monkeyhouse. Zoo. Lewd chimpanzee. <em>(Breathlessly.)</em> Pelvic basin. Her artless blush unmanned me. <em>(Overcome with emotion.)</em> I left the precincts. (He turns to a figure in the crowd, appealing.) Hynes, may I speak to you? You know me. That three shillings you can keep. If you want a little more...</p>
<p>HYNES: <em>(Coldly.)</em> You are a perfect stranger.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Points to the corner.)</em> The bomb is here.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Infernal machine with a time fuse.</p>
<p>BLOOM: No, no. Pig’s feet. I was at a funeral.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Draws his truncheon.)</em> Liar!</p>
<p><em>(The beagle lifts his snout, showing the grey scorbutic face of Paddy Dignam. He has gnawed all. He exhales a putrid carcasefed breath. He grows to human size and shape. His dachshund coat becomes a brown mortuary habit. His green eye flashes bloodshot. Half of one ear, all the nose and both thumbs are ghouleaten.)</em></p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: <em>(In a hollow voice.)</em> It is true. It was my funeral. Doctor Finucane pronounced life extinct when I succumbed to the disease from natural causes.</p>
<p><em>(He lifts his mutilated ashen face moonwards and bays lugubriously.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In triumph.)</em> You hear?</p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: Bloom, I am Paddy Dignam’s spirit. List, list, O list!</p>
<p>BLOOM: The voice is the voice of Esau.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Blesses himself.)</em> How is that possible?</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: It is not in the penny catechism.</p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: By metempsychosis. Spooks.</p>
<p>A VOICE: O rocks.</p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: <em>(Earnestly.)</em> Once I was in the employ of Mr J. H. Menton, solicitor, commissioner for oaths and affidavits, of 27 Bachelor’s Walk. Now I am defunct, the wall of the heart hypertrophied. Hard lines. The poor wife was awfully cut up. How is she bearing it? Keep her off that bottle of sherry. <em>(He looks round him.)</em> A lamp. I must satisfy an animal need. That buttermilk didn’t agree with me.</p>
<p><em>(The portly figure of John O’Connell, caretaker, stands forth, holding a bunch of keys tied with crape. Beside him stands Father Coffey, chaplain, toadbellied, wrynecked, in a surplice and bandanna nightcap, holding sleepily a staff of twisted poppies.)</em></p>
<p>FATHER COFFEY: <em>(Yawns, then chants with a hoarse croak.)</em> Namine. Jacobs. Vobiscuits. Amen.</p>
<p>JOHN O’CONNELL: <em>(Foghorns stormily through his megaphone.)</em> Dignam, Patrick T, deceased.</p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: <em>(With pricked up ears, winces.)</em> Overtones. <em>(He wriggles forward and places an ear to the ground.)</em> My master’s voice!</p>
<p>JOHN O’CONNELL: Burial docket letter number U. P. eightyfive thousand. Field seventeen. House of Keys. Plot, one hundred and one.</p>
<p><em>(Paddy Dignam listens with visible effort, thinking, his tail stiffpointed, his ears cocked.)</em></p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: Pray for the repose of his soul.</p>
<p><em>(He worms down through a coalhole, his brown habit trailing its tether over rattling pebbles. After him toddles an obese grandfather rat on fungus turtle paws under a grey carapace. Dignam’s voice, muffled, is heard baying under ground:</em> Dignam’s dead and gone below. <em>Tom Rochford, robinredbreasted, in cap and breeches, jumps from his twocolumned machine.)</em></p>
<p>TOM ROCHFORD: <em>(A hand to his breastbone, bows.)</em> Reuben J. A florin I find him. <em>(He fixes the manhole with a resolute stare.)</em> My turn now on. Follow me up to Carlow.</p>
<p><em>(He executes a daredevil salmon leap in the air and is engulfed in the coalhole. Two discs on the columns wobble, eyes of nought. All recedes. Bloom plodges forward again through the sump. Kisses chirp amid the rifts of fog. A piano sounds. He stands before a lighted house, listening. The kisses, winging from their bowers, fly about him, twittering, warbling, cooing.)</em></p>
<p>THE KISSES: <em>(Warbling.)</em> Leo! <em>(Twittering.)</em> Icky licky micky sticky for Leo! <em>(Cooing.)</em> Coo coocoo! Yummyyum, Womwom! <em>(Warbling.)</em> Big comebig! Pirouette! Leopopold! <em>(Twittering.)</em> Leeolee! <em>(Warbling.)</em> O Leo!</p>
<p><em>(They rustle, flutter upon his garments, alight, bright giddy flecks, silvery sequins.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: A man’s touch. Sad music. Church music. Perhaps here.</p>
<p><em>(Zoe Higgins, a young whore in a sapphire slip, closed with three bronze buckles, a slim black velvet fillet round her throat, nods, trips down the steps and accosts him.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: Are you looking for someone? He’s inside with his friend.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Is this Mrs Mack’s?</p>
<p>ZOE: No, eightyone. Mrs Cohen’s. You might go farther and fare worse. Mother Slipperslapper. <em>(Familiarly.)</em> She’s on the job herself tonight with the vet her tipster that gives her all the winners and pays for her son in Oxford. Working overtime but her luck’s turned today. <em>(Suspiciously.)</em> You’re not his father, are you?</p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-18.htm.html_pgepubid00081" class="chapter">
<p>BLOOM: Not I!</p>
<p>ZOE: You both in black. Has little mousey any tickles tonight?</p>
<p><em>(His skin, alert, feels her fingertips approach. A hand glides over his left thigh.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: How’s the nuts?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Off side. Curiously they are on the right. Heavier, I suppose. One in a million my tailor, Mesias, says.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(In sudden alarm.)</em> You’ve a hard chancre.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Not likely.</p>
<p>ZOE: I feel it.</p>
<p><em>(Her hand slides into his left trouser pocket and brings out a hard black shrivelled potato. She regards it and Bloom with dumb moist lips.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: A talisman. Heirloom.</p>
<p>ZOE: For Zoe? For keeps? For being so nice, eh?</p>
<p><em>(She puts the potato greedily into a pocket then links his arm, cuddling him with supple warmth. He smiles uneasily. Slowly, note by note, oriental music is played. He gazes in the tawny crystal of her eyes, ringed with kohol. His smile softens.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: You’ll know me the next time.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Forlornly.)</em> I never loved a dear gazelle but it was sure to...</p>
<p><em>(Gazelles are leaping, feeding on the mountains. Near are lakes. Round their shores file shadows black of cedargroves. Aroma rises, a strong hairgrowth of resin. It burns, the orient, a sky of sapphire, cleft by the bronze flight of eagles. Under it lies the womancity, nude, white, still, cool, in luxury. A fountain murmurs among damask roses. Mammoth roses murmur of scarlet winegrapes. A wine of shame, lust, blood exudes, strangely murmuring.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Murmuring singsong with the music, her odalisk lips lusciously smeared with salve of swinefat and rosewater.) Schorach ani wenowach, benoith Hierushaloim.</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Fascinated.)</em> I thought you were of good stock by your accent.</p>
<p>ZOE: And you know what thought did?</p>
<p><em>(She bites his ear gently with little goldstopped teeth, sending on him a cloying breath of stale garlic. The roses draw apart, disclose a sepulchre of the gold of kings and their mouldering bones.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Draws back, mechanically caressing her right bub with a flat awkward hand.)</em> Are you a Dublin girl?</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Catches a stray hair deftly and twists it to her coil.)</em> No bloody fear. I’m English. Have you a swaggerroot?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(As before.)</em> Rarely smoke, dear. Cigar now and then. Childish device. <em>(Lewdly.)</em> The mouth can be better engaged than with a cylinder of rank weed.</p>
<p>ZOE: Go on. Make a stump speech out of it.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In workman’s corduroy overalls, black gansy with red floating tie and apache cap.)</em> Mankind is incorrigible. Sir Walter Ralegh brought from the new world that potato and that weed, the one a killer of pestilence by absorption, the other a poisoner of the ear, eye, heart, memory, will, understanding, all. That is to say he brought the poison a hundred years before another person whose name I forget brought the food. Suicide. Lies. All our habits. Why, look at our public life!</p>
<p><em>(Midnight chimes from distant steeples.)</em></p>
<p>THE CHIMES: Turn again, Leopold! Lord mayor of Dublin!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In alderman’s gown and chain.)</em> Electors of Arran Quay, Inns Quay, Rotunda, Mountjoy and North Dock, better run a tramline, I say, from the cattlemarket to the river. That’s the music of the future. That’s my programme. <em>Cui bono?</em> But our bucaneering Vanderdeckens in their phantom ship of finance...</p>
<p>AN ELECTOR: Three times three for our future chief magistrate!</p>
<p><em>(The aurora borealis of the torchlight procession leaps.)</em></p>
<p>THE TORCHBEARERS: Hooray!</p>
<p><em>(Several wellknown burgesses, city magnates and freemen of the city shake hands with Bloom and congratulate him. Timothy Harrington, late thrice Lord Mayor of Dublin, imposing in mayoral scarlet, gold chain and white silk tie, confers with councillor Lorcan Sherlock,</em> locum tenens. <em>They nod vigorously in agreement.)</em></p>
<p>LATE LORD MAYOR HARRINGTON: <em>(In scarlet robe with mace, gold mayoral chain and large white silk scarf.)</em> That alderman sir Leo Bloom’s speech be printed at the expense of the ratepayers. That the house in which he was born be ornamented with a commemorative tablet and that the thoroughfare hitherto known as Cow Parlour off Cork street be henceforth designated Boulevard Bloom.</p>
<p>COUNCILLOR LORCAN SHERLOCK: Carried unanimously.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Impassionedly.)</em> These flying Dutchmen or lying Dutchmen as they recline in their upholstered poop, casting dice, what reck they? Machines is their cry, their chimera, their panacea. Laboursaving apparatuses, supplanters, bugbears, manufactured monsters for mutual murder, hideous hobgoblins produced by a horde of capitalistic lusts upon our prostituted labour. The poor man starves while they are grassing their royal mountain stags or shooting peasants and phartridges in their purblind pomp of pelf and power. But their reign is rover for rever and ever and ev...</p>
<p><em>(Prolonged applause. Venetian masts, maypoles and festal arches spring up. A streamer bearing the legends</em> Cead Mile Failte <em>and</em> Mah Ttob Melek Israel <em>spans the street. All the windows are thronged with sightseers, chiefly ladies. Along the route the regiments of the Royal Dublin Fusiliers, the King’s own Scottish Borderers, the Cameron Highlanders and the Welsh Fusiliers, standing to attention, keep back the crowd. Boys from High school are perched on the lampposts, telegraph poles, windowsills, cornices, gutters, chimneypots, railings, rainspouts, whistling and cheering. The pillar of the cloud appears. A fife and drum band is heard in the distance playing the Kol Nidre. The beaters approach with imperial eagles hoisted, trailing banners and waving oriental palms. The chryselephantine papal standard rises high, surrounded by pennons of the civic flag. The van of the procession appears headed by John Howard Parnell, city marshal, in a chessboard tabard, the Athlone Poursuivant and Ulster King of Arms. They are followed by the Right Honourable Joseph Hutchinson, lord mayor of Dublin, his lordship the lord mayor of Cork, their worships the mayors of Limerick, Galway, Sligo and Waterford, twentyeight Irish representative peers, sirdars, grandees and maharajahs bearing the cloth of estate, the Dublin Metropolitan Fire Brigade, the chapter of the saints of finance in their plutocratic order of precedence, the bishop of Down and Connor, His Eminence Michael cardinal Logue, archbishop of Armagh, primate of all Ireland, His Grace, the most reverend Dr William Alexander, archbishop of Armagh, primate of all Ireland, the chief rabbi, the presbyterian moderator, the heads of the baptist, anabaptist, methodist and Moravian chapels and the honorary secretary of the society of friends. After them march the guilds and trades and trainbands with flying colours: coopers, bird fanciers, millwrights, newspaper canvassers, law scriveners, masseurs, vintners, trussmakers, chimneysweeps, lard refiners, tabinet and poplin weavers, farriers, Italian warehousemen, church decorators, bootjack manufacturers, undertakers, silk mercers, lapidaries, salesmasters, corkcutters, assessors of fire losses, dyers and cleaners, export bottlers, fellmongers, ticketwriters, heraldic seal engravers, horse repository hands, bullion brokers, cricket and archery outfitters, riddlemakers, egg and potato factors, hosiers and glovers, plumbing contractors. After them march gentlemen of the bedchamber, Black Rod, Deputy Garter, Gold Stick, the master of horse, the lord great chamberlain, the earl marshal, the high constable carrying the sword of state, saint Stephen’s iron crown, the chalice and bible. Four buglers on foot blow a sennet. Beefeaters reply, winding clarions of welcome. Under an arch of triumph Bloom appears, bareheaded, in a crimson velvet mantle trimmed with ermine, bearing Saint Edward’s staff, the orb and sceptre with the dove, the curtana. He is seated on a milkwhite horse with long flowing crimson tail, richly caparisoned, with golden headstall. Wild excitement. The ladies from their balconies throw down rosepetals. The air is perfumed with essences. The men cheer. Bloom’s boys run amid the bystanders with branches of hawthorn and wrenbushes.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM’S BOYS:</p>
<p>The wren, the wren,<br />
The king of all birds,<br />
Saint Stephen’s his day<br />
Was caught in the furze.</p>
<p>A BLACKSMITH: <em>(Murmurs.)</em> For the honour of God! And is that Bloom? He scarcely looks thirtyone.</p>
<p>A PAVIOR AND FLAGGER: That’s the famous Bloom now, the world’s greatest reformer. Hats off!</p>
<p><em>(All uncover their heads. Women whisper eagerly.)</em></p>
<p>A MILLIONAIRESS: <em>(Richly.)</em> Isn’t he simply wonderful?</p>
<p>A NOBLEWOMAN: <em>(Nobly.)</em> All that man has seen!</p>
<p>A FEMINIST: <em>(Masculinely.)</em> And done!</p>
<p>A BELLHANGER: A classic face! He has the forehead of a thinker.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom’s weather. A sunburst appears in the northwest.)</em></p>
<p>THE BISHOP OF DOWN AND CONNOR: I here present your undoubted emperor-president and king-chairman, the most serene and potent and very puissant ruler of this realm. God save Leopold the First!</p>
<p>ALL: God save Leopold the First!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In dalmatic and purple mantle, to the bishop of Down and Connor, with dignity.)</em> Thanks, somewhat eminent sir.</p>
<p>WILLIAM, ARCHBISHOP OF ARMAGH: <em>(In purple stock and shovel hat.)</em> Will you to your power cause law and mercy to be executed in all your judgments in Ireland and territories thereunto belonging?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Placing his right hand on his testicles, swears.)</em> So may the Creator deal with me. All this I promise to do.</p>
<p>MICHAEL, ARCHBISHOP OF ARMAGH: <em>(Pours a cruse of hairoil over Bloom’s head.) Gaudium magnum annuntio vobis. Habemus carneficem.</em> Leopold, Patrick, Andrew, David, George, be thou anointed!</p>
<p><em>(Bloom assumes a mantle of cloth of gold and puts on a ruby ring. He ascends and stands on the stone of destiny. The representative peers put on at the same time their twentyeight crowns. Joybells ring in Christ church, Saint Patrick’s, George’s and gay Malahide. Mirus bazaar fireworks go up from all sides with symbolical phallopyrotechnic designs. The peers do homage, one by one, approaching and genuflecting.)</em></p>
<p>THE PEERS: I do become your liege man of life and limb to earthly worship.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom holds up his right hand on which sparkles the Koh-i-Noor diamond. His palfrey neighs. Immediate silence. Wireless intercontinental and interplanetary transmitters are set for reception of message.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: My subjects! We hereby nominate our faithful charger Copula Felix hereditary Grand Vizier and announce that we have this day repudiated our former spouse and have bestowed our royal hand upon the princess Selene, the splendour of night.</p>
<p><em>(The former morganatic spouse of Bloom is hastily removed in the Black Maria. The princess Selene, in moonblue robes, a silver crescent on her head, descends from a Sedan chair, borne by two giants. An outburst of cheering.)</em></p>
<p>JOHN HOWARD PARNELL: <em>(Raises the royal standard.)</em> Illustrious Bloom! Successor to my famous brother!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Embraces John Howard Parnell.)</em> We thank you from our heart, John, for this right royal welcome to green Erin, the promised land of our common ancestors.</p>
<p><em>(The freedom of the city is presented to him embodied in a charter. The keys of Dublin, crossed on a crimson cushion, are given to him. He shows all that he is wearing green socks.)</em></p>
<p>TOM KERNAN: You deserve it, your honour.</p>
<p>BLOOM: On this day twenty years ago we overcame the hereditary enemy at Ladysmith. Our howitzers and camel swivel guns played on his lines with telling effect. Half a league onward! They charge! All is lost now! Do we yield? No! We drive them headlong! Lo! We charge! Deploying to the left our light horse swept across the heights of Plevna and, uttering their warcry <em>Bonafide Sabaoth</em>, sabred the Saracen gunners to a man.</p>
<p>THE CHAPEL OF FREEMAN TYPESETTERS: Hear! Hear!</p>
<p>JOHN WYSE NOLAN: There’s the man that got away James Stephens.</p>
<p>A BLUECOAT SCHOOLBOY: Bravo!</p>
<p>AN OLD RESIDENT: You’re a credit to your country, sir, that’s what you are.</p>
<p>AN APPLEWOMAN: He’s a man like Ireland wants.</p>
<p>BLOOM: My beloved subjects, a new era is about to dawn. I, Bloom, tell you verily it is even now at hand. Yea, on the word of a Bloom, ye shall ere long enter into the golden city which is to be, the new Bloomusalem in the Nova Hibernia of the future.</p>
<p><em>(Thirtytwo workmen, wearing rosettes, from all the counties of Ireland, under the guidance of Derwan the builder, construct the new Bloomusalem. It is a colossal edifice with crystal roof, built in the shape of a huge pork kidney, containing forty thousand rooms. In the course of its extension several buildings and monuments are demolished. Government offices are temporarily transferred to railway sheds. Numerous houses are razed to the ground. The inhabitants are lodged in barrels and boxes, all marked in red with the letters: L. B. Several paupers fall from a ladder. A part of the walls of Dublin, crowded with loyal sightseers, collapses.)</em></p>
<p>THE SIGHTSEERS: <em>(Dying.) Morituri te salutant. (They die.)</em></p>
<p><em>(A man in a brown macintosh springs up through a trapdoor. He points an elongated finger at Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>THE MAN IN THE MACINTOSH: Don’t you believe a word he says. That man is Leopold M’Intosh, the notorious fireraiser. His real name is Higgins.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Shoot him! Dog of a christian! So much for M’Intosh!</p>
<p><em>(A cannonshot. The man in the macintosh disappears. Bloom with his sceptre strikes down poppies. The instantaneous deaths of many powerful enemies, graziers, members of parliament, members of standing committees, are reported. Bloom’s bodyguard distribute Maundy money, commemoration medals, loaves and fishes, temperance badges, expensive Henry Clay cigars, free cowbones for soup, rubber preservatives in sealed envelopes tied with gold thread, butter scotch, pineapple rock,</em> billets doux <em>in the form of cocked hats, readymade suits, porringers of toad in the hole, bottles of Jeyes’ Fluid, purchase stamps, 40 days’ indulgences, spurious coins, dairyfed pork sausages, theatre passes, season tickets available for all tramlines, coupons of the royal and privileged Hungarian lottery, penny dinner counters, cheap reprints of the World’s Twelve Worst Books: Froggy And Fritz (politic), Care of the Baby (infantilic), 50 Meals for 7/6 (culinic), Was Jesus a Sun Myth? (historic), Expel that Pain (medic), Infant’s Compendium of the Universe (cosmic), Let’s All Chortle (hilaric), Canvasser’s Vade Mecum (journalic), Loveletters of Mother Assistant (erotic), Who’s Who in Space (astric), Songs that Reached Our Heart (melodic), Pennywise’s Way to Wealth (parsimonic). A general rush and scramble. Women press forward to touch the hem of Bloom’s robe. The lady Gwendolen Dubedat bursts through the throng, leaps on his horse and kisses him on both cheeks amid great acclamation. A magnesium flashlight photograph is taken. Babes and sucklings are held up.)</em></p>
<p>THE WOMEN: Little father! Little father!</p>
<p>THE BABES AND SUCKLINGS:</p>
<p>Clap clap hands till Poldy comes home,<br />
Cakes in his pocket for Leo alone.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom, bending down, pokes Baby Boardman gently in the stomach.)</em></p>
<p>BABY BOARDMAN: <em>(Hiccups, curdled milk flowing from his mouth.)</em> Hajajaja.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shaking hands with a blind stripling.)</em> My more than Brother! <em>(Placing his arms round the shoulders of an old couple.)</em> Dear old friends! <em>(He plays pussy fourcorners with ragged boys and girls.)</em> Peep! Bopeep! <em>(He wheels twins in a perambulator.)</em> Ticktacktwo wouldyousetashoe? <em>(He performs juggler’s tricks, draws red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet silk handkerchiefs from his mouth.)</em> Roygbiv. 32 feet per second. <em>(He consoles a widow.)</em> Absence makes the heart grow younger. <em>(He dances the Highland fling with grotesque antics.)</em> Leg it, ye devils! <em>(He kisses the bedsores of a palsied veteran.)</em> Honourable wounds! <em>(He trips up a fat policeman.)</em> U. p: up. U. p: up. <em>(He whispers in the ear of a blushing waitress and laughs kindly.)</em> Ah, naughty, naughty! <em>(He eats a raw turnip offered him by Maurice Butterly, farmer.)</em> Fine! Splendid! <em>(He refuses to accept three shillings offered him by Joseph Hynes, journalist.)</em> My dear fellow, not at all! <em>(He gives his coat to a beggar.)</em> Please accept. <em>(He takes part in a stomach race with elderly male and female cripples.)</em> Come on, boys! Wriggle it, girls!</p>
<p>THE CITIZEN: <em>(Choked with emotion, brushes aside a tear in his emerald muffler.)</em> May the good God bless him!</p>
<p><em>(The rams’ horns sound for silence. The standard of Zion is hoisted.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Uncloaks impressively, revealing obesity, unrolls a paper and reads solemnly.)</em> Aleph Beth Ghimel Daleth Hagadah Tephilim Kosher Yom Kippur Hanukah Roschaschana Beni Brith Bar Mitzvah Mazzoth Askenazim Meshuggah Talith.</p>
<p><em>(An official translation is read by Jimmy Henry, assistant town clerk.)</em></p>
<p>JIMMY HENRY: The Court of Conscience is now open. His Most Catholic Majesty will now administer open air justice. Free medical and legal advice, solution of doubles and other problems. All cordially invited. Given at this our loyal city of Dublin in the year 1 of the Paradisiacal Era.</p>
<p>PADDY LEONARD: What am I to do about my rates and taxes?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Pay them, my friend.</p>
<p>PADDY LEONARD: Thank you.</p>
<p>NOSEY FLYNN: Can I raise a mortgage on my fire insurance?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Obdurately.)</em> Sirs, take notice that by the law of torts you are bound over in your own recognisances for six months in the sum of five pounds.</p>
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: A Daniel did I say? Nay! A Peter O’Brien!</p>
<p>NOSEY FLYNN: Where do I draw the five pounds?</p>
<p>PISSER BURKE: For bladder trouble?</p>
<p>BLOOM:</p>
<p><em>Acid. nit. hydrochlor. dil.,</em> 20 minims<br />
<em>Tinct. nux vom.,</em> 5 minims<br />
<em>Extr. taraxel. lig.,</em> 30 minims.<br />
<em>Aq. dis. ter in die.</em></p>
<p>CHRIS CALLINAN: What is the parallax of the subsolar ecliptic of Aldebaran?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Pleased to hear from you, Chris. K. 11.</p>
<p>JOE HYNES: Why aren’t you in uniform?</p>
<p>BLOOM: When my progenitor of sainted memory wore the uniform of the Austrian despot in a dank prison where was yours?</p>
<p>BEN DOLLARD: Pansies?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Embellish (beautify) suburban gardens.</p>
<p>BEN DOLLARD: When twins arrive?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Father (pater, dad) starts thinking.</p>
<p>LARRY O’ROURKE: An eightday licence for my new premises. You remember me, sir Leo, when you were in number seven. I’m sending around a dozen of stout for the missus.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Coldly.)</em> You have the advantage of me. Lady Bloom accepts no presents.</p>
<p>CROFTON: This is indeed a festivity.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Solemnly.)</em> You call it a festivity. I call it a sacrament.</p>
<p>ALEXANDER KEYES: When will we have our own house of keys?</p>
<p>BLOOM: I stand for the reform of municipal morals and the plain ten commandments. New worlds for old. Union of all, jew, moslem and gentile. Three acres and a cow for all children of nature. Saloon motor hearses. Compulsory manual labour for all. All parks open to the public day and night. Electric dishscrubbers. Tuberculosis, lunacy, war and mendicancy must now cease. General amnesty, weekly carnival with masked licence, bonuses for all, esperanto the universal language with universal brotherhood. No more patriotism of barspongers and dropsical impostors. Free money, free rent, free love and a free lay church in a free lay state.</p>
<p>O’MADDEN BURKE: Free fox in a free henroost.</p>
<p>DAVY BYRNE: <em>(Yawning.)</em> Iiiiiiiiiaaaaaaach!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Mixed races and mixed marriage.</p>
<p>LENEHAN: What about mixed bathing?</p>
<p><em>(Bloom explains to those near him his schemes for social regeneration. All agree with him. The keeper of the Kildare street museum appears, dragging a lorry on which are the shaking statues of several naked goddesses, Venus Callipyge, Venus Pandemos, Venus Metempsychosis, and plaster figures, also naked, representing the new nine muses, Commerce, Operatic Music, Amor, Publicity, Manufacture, Liberty of Speech, Plural Voting, Gastronomy, Private Hygiene, Seaside Concert Entertainments, Painless Obstetrics and Astronomy for the People.)</em></p>
<p>FATHER FARLEY: He is an episcopalian, an agnostic, an anythingarian seeking to overthrow our holy faith.</p>
<p>MRS RIORDAN: <em>(Tears up her will.)</em> I’m disappointed in you! You bad man!</p>
<p>MOTHER GROGAN: <em>(Removes her boot to throw it at Bloom.)</em> You beast! You abominable person!</p>
<p>NOSEY FLYNN: Give us a tune, Bloom. One of the old sweet songs.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With rollicking humour.)</em></p>
<p>I vowed that I never would leave her,<br />
She turned out a cruel deceiver.<br />
With my tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom.</p>
<p>HOPPY HOLOHAN: Good old Bloom! There’s nobody like him after all.</p>
<p>PADDY LEONARD: Stage Irishman!</p>
<p>BLOOM: What railway opera is like a tramline in Gibraltar? The Rows of Casteele.</p>
<p><em>(Laughter.)</em></p>
<p>LENEHAN: Plagiarist! Down with Bloom!</p>
<p>THE VEILED SIBYL: <em>(Enthusiastically.)</em> I’m a Bloomite and I glory in it. I believe in him in spite of all. I’d give my life for him, the funniest man on earth.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Winks at the bystanders.)</em> I bet she’s a bonny lassie.</p>
<p>THEODORE PUREFOY: <em>(In fishingcap and oilskin jacket.)</em> He employs a mechanical device to frustrate the sacred ends of nature.</p>
<p>THE VEILED SIBYL: <em>(Stabs herself.)</em> My hero god! <em>(She dies.)</em></p>
<p><em>(Many most attractive and enthusiastic women also commit suicide by stabbing, drowning, drinking prussic acid, aconite, arsenic, opening their veins, refusing food, casting themselves under steamrollers, from the top of Nelson’s Pillar, into the great vat of Guinness’s brewery, asphyxiating themselves by placing their heads in gasovens, hanging themselves in stylish garters, leaping from windows of different storeys.)</em></p>
<p>ALEXANDER J DOWIE: <em>(Violently.)</em> Fellowchristians and antiBloomites, the man called Bloom is from the roots of hell, a disgrace to christian men. A fiendish libertine from his earliest years this stinking goat of Mendes gave precocious signs of infantile debauchery, recalling the cities of the plain, with a dissolute granddam. This vile hypocrite, bronzed with infamy, is the white bull mentioned in the Apocalypse. A worshipper of the Scarlet Woman, intrigue is the very breath of his nostrils. The stake faggots and the caldron of boiling oil are for him. Caliban!</p>
<p>THE MOB: Lynch him! Roast him! He’s as bad as Parnell was. Mr Fox!</p>
<p><em>(Mother Grogan throws her boot at Bloom. Several shopkeepers from upper and lower Dorset street throw objects of little or no commercial value, hambones, condensed milk tins, unsaleable cabbage, stale bread, sheep’s tails, odd pieces of fat.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Excitedly.)</em> This is midsummer madness, some ghastly joke again. By heaven, I am guiltless as the unsunned snow! It was my brother Henry. He is my double. He lives in number 2 Dolphin’s Barn. Slander, the viper, has wrongfully accused me. Fellowcountrymen, <em>sgenl inn ban bata coisde gan capall.</em> I call on my old friend, Dr Malachi Mulligan, sex specialist, to give medical testimony on my behalf.</p>
<p>DR MULLIGAN: <em>(In motor jerkin, green motorgoggles on his brow.)</em> Dr Bloom is bisexually abnormal. He has recently escaped from Dr Eustace’s private asylum for demented gentlemen. Born out of bedlock hereditary epilepsy is present, the consequence of unbridled lust. Traces of elephantiasis have been discovered among his ascendants. There are marked symptoms of chronic exhibitionism. Ambidexterity is also latent. He is prematurely bald from selfabuse, perversely idealistic in consequence, a reformed rake, and has metal teeth. In consequence of a family complex he has temporarily lost his memory and I believe him to be more sinned against than sinning. I have made a pervaginal examination and, after application of the acid test to 5427 anal, axillary, pectoral and pubic hairs, I declare him to be <em>virgo intacta.</em></p>
<p><em>(Bloom holds his high grade hat over his genital organs.)</em></p>
<p>DR MADDEN: Hypsospadia is also marked. In the interest of coming generations I suggest that the parts affected should be preserved in spirits of wine in the national teratological museum.</p>
<p>DR CROTTHERS: I have examined the patient’s urine. It is albuminoid. Salivation is insufficient, the patellar reflex intermittent.</p>
<p>DR PUNCH COSTELLO: The <em>fetor judaicus</em> is most perceptible.</p>
<p>DR DIXON: <em>(Reads a bill of health.)</em> Professor Bloom is a finished example of the new womanly man. His moral nature is simple and lovable. Many have found him a dear man, a dear person. He is a rather quaint fellow on the whole, coy though not feebleminded in the medical sense. He has written a really beautiful letter, a poem in itself, to the court missionary of the Reformed Priests’ Protection Society which clears up everything. He is practically a total abstainer and I can affirm that he sleeps on a straw litter and eats the most Spartan food, cold dried grocer’s peas. He wears a hairshirt of pure Irish manufacture winter and summer and scourges himself every Saturday. He was, I understand, at one time a firstclass misdemeanant in Glencree reformatory. Another report states that he was a very posthumous child. I appeal for clemency in the name of the most sacred word our vocal organs have ever been called upon to speak. He is about to have a baby.</p>
<p><em>(General commotion and compassion. Women faint. A wealthy American makes a street collection for Bloom. Gold and silver coins, blank cheques, banknotes, jewels, treasury bonds, maturing bills of exchange, I. O. U’s, wedding rings, watchchains, lockets, necklaces and bracelets are rapidly collected.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: O, I so want to be a mother.</p>
<p>MRS THORNTON: <em>(In nursetender’s gown.)</em> Embrace me tight, dear. You’ll be soon over it. Tight, dear.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom embraces her tightly and bears eight male yellow and white children. They appear on a redcarpeted staircase adorned with expensive plants. All the octuplets are handsome, with valuable metallic faces, wellmade, respectably dressed and wellconducted, speaking five modern languages fluently and interested in various arts and sciences. Each has his name printed in legible letters on his shirtfront: Nasodoro, Goldfinger, Chrysostomos, Maindorée, Silversmile, Silberselber, Vifargent, Panargyros. They are immediately appointed to positions of high public trust in several different countries as managing directors of banks, traffic managers of railways, chairmen of limited liability companies, vicechairmen of hotel syndicates.)</em></p>
<p>A VOICE: Bloom, are you the Messiah ben Joseph or ben David?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Darkly.)</em> You have said it.</p>
<p>BROTHER BUZZ: Then perform a miracle like Father Charles.</p>
<p>BANTAM LYONS: Prophesy who will win the Saint Leger.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom walks on a net, covers his left eye with his left ear, passes through several walls, climbs Nelson’s Pillar, hangs from the top ledge by his eyelids, eats twelve dozen oysters (shells included), heals several sufferers from king’s evil, contracts his face so as to resemble many historical personages, Lord Beaconsfield, Lord Byron, Wat Tyler, Moses of Egypt, Moses Maimonides, Moses Mendelssohn, Henry Irving, Rip van Winkle, Kossuth, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Baron Leopold Rothschild, Robinson Crusoe, Sherlock Holmes, Pasteur, turns each foot simultaneously in different directions, bids the tide turn back, eclipses the sun by extending his little finger.)</em></p>
<p>BRINI, PAPAL NUNCIO: <em>(In papal zouave’s uniform, steel cuirasses as breastplate, armplates, thighplates, legplates, large profane moustaches and brown paper mitre.) Leopoldi autem generatio.</em> Moses begat Noah and Noah begat Eunuch and Eunuch begat O’Halloran and O’Halloran begat Guggenheim and Guggenheim begat Agendath and Agendath begat Netaim and Netaim begat Le Hirsch and Le Hirsch begat Jesurum and Jesurum begat MacKay and MacKay begat Ostrolopsky and Ostrolopsky begat Smerdoz and Smerdoz begat Weiss and Weiss begat Schwarz and Schwarz begat Adrianopoli and Adrianopoli begat Aranjuez and Aranjuez begat Lewy Lawson and Lewy Lawson begat Ichabudonosor and Ichabudonosor begat O’Donnell Magnus and O’Donnell Magnus begat Christbaum and Christbaum begat ben Maimun and ben Maimun begat Dusty Rhodes and Dusty Rhodes begat Benamor and Benamor begat Jones-Smith and Jones-Smith begat Savorgnanovich and Savorgnanovich begat Jasperstone and Jasperstone begat Vingtetunieme and Vingtetunieme begat Szombathely and Szombathely begat Virag and Virag begat Bloom <em>et vocabitur nomen eius Emmanuel.</em></p>
<p>A DEADHAND: <em>(Writes on the wall.)</em> Bloom is a cod.</p>
<p>CRAB: <em>(In bushranger’s kit.)</em> What did you do in the cattlecreep behind Kilbarrack?</p>
<p>A FEMALE INFANT: <em>(Shakes a rattle.)</em> And under Ballybough bridge?</p>
<p>A HOLLYBUSH: And in the devil’s glen?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Blushes furiously all over from frons to nates, three tears falling from his left eye.)</em> Spare my past.</p>
<p>THE IRISH EVICTED TENANTS: <em>(In bodycoats, kneebreeches, with Donnybrook fair shillelaghs.)</em> Sjambok him!</p>
<p><em>(Bloom with asses’ ears seats himself in the pillory with crossed arms, his feet protruding. He whistles</em> Don Giovanni, a cenar teco. <em>Artane orphans, joining hands, caper round him. Girls of the Prison Gate Mission, joining hands, caper round in the opposite direction.)</em></p>
<p>THE ARTANE ORPHANS:</p>
<p>You hig, you hog, you dirty dog!<br />
You think the ladies love you!</p>
<p>THE PRISON GATE GIRLS:</p>
<p>If you see Kay<br />
Tell him he may<br />
See you in tea<br />
Tell him from me.</p>
<p>HORNBLOWER: <em>(In ephod and huntingcap, announces.)</em> And he shall carry the sins of the people to Azazel, the spirit which is in the wilderness, and to Lilith, the nighthag. And they shall stone him and defile him, yea, all from Agendath Netaim and from Mizraim, the land of Ham.</p>
<p><em>(All the people cast soft pantomime stones at Bloom. Many bonafide travellers and ownerless dogs come near him and defile him. Mastiansky and Citron approach in gaberdines, wearing long earlocks. They wag their beards at Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>MASTIANSKY AND CITRON: Belial! Laemlein of Istria, the false Messiah! Abulafia! Recant!</p>
<p><em>(George R Mesias, Bloom’s tailor, appears, a tailor’s goose under his arm, presenting a bill.)</em></p>
<p>MESIAS: To alteration one pair trousers eleven shillings.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Rubs his hands cheerfully.)</em> Just like old times. Poor Bloom!</p>
<p><em>(Reuben J Dodd, blackbearded Iscariot, bad shepherd, bearing on his shoulders the drowned corpse of his son, approaches the pillory.)</em></p>
<p>REUBEN J: <em>(Whispers hoarsely.)</em> The squeak is out. A split is gone for the flatties. Nip the first rattler.</p>
<p>THE FIRE BRIGADE: Pflaap!</p>
<p>BROTHER BUZZ: <em>(Invests Bloom in a yellow habit with embroidery of painted flames and high pointed hat. He places a bag of gunpowder round his neck and hands him over to the civil power, saying.)</em> Forgive him his trespasses.</p>
<p><em>(Lieutenant Myers of the Dublin Fire Brigade by general request sets fire to Bloom. Lamentations.)</em></p>
<p>THE CITIZEN: Thank heaven!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In a seamless garment marked I. H. S. stands upright amid phoenix flames.)</em> Weep not for me, O daughters of Erin.</p>
<p><em>(He exhibits to Dublin reporters traces of burning. The daughters of Erin, in black garments, with large prayerbooks and long lighted candles in their hands, kneel down and pray.)</em></p>
<p>THE DAUGHTERS OF ERIN:</p>
<p>Kidney of Bloom, pray for us<br />
Flower of the Bath, pray for us<br />
Mentor of Menton, pray for us<br />
Canvasser for the Freeman, pray for us<br />
Charitable Mason, pray for us<br />
Wandering Soap, pray for us<br />
Sweets of Sin, pray for us<br />
Music without Words, pray for us<br />
Reprover of the Citizen, pray for us<br />
Friend of all Frillies, pray for us<br />
Midwife Most Merciful, pray for us<br />
Potato Preservative against Plague and Pestilence, pray for us.</p>
<p><em>(A choir of six hundred voices, conducted by Vincent O’Brien, sings the chorus from Handel’s Messiah</em> Alleluia for the Lord God Omnipotent reigneth, <em>accompanied on the organ by Joseph Glynn. Bloom becomes mute, shrunken, carbonised.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: Talk away till you’re black in the face.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In caubeen with clay pipe stuck in the band, dusty brogues, an emigrant’s red handkerchief bundle in his hand, leading a black bogoak pig by a sugaun, with a smile in his eye.)</em> Let me be going now, woman of the house, for by all the goats in Connemara I’m after having the father and mother of a bating. <em>(With a tear in his eye.)</em> All insanity. Patriotism, sorrow for the dead, music, future of the race. To be or not to be. Life’s dream is o’er. End it peacefully. They can live on. <em>(He gazes far away mournfully.)</em> I am ruined. A few pastilles of aconite. The blinds drawn. A letter. Then lie back to rest. <em>(He breathes softly.)</em> No more. I have lived. Fare. Farewell.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Stiffly, her finger in her neckfillet.)</em> Honest? Till the next time. <em>(She sneers.)</em> Suppose you got up the wrong side of the bed or came too quick with your best girl. O, I can read your thoughts!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bitterly.)</em> Man and woman, love, what is it? A cork and bottle. I’m sick of it. Let everything rip.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(In sudden sulks.)</em> I hate a rotter that’s insincere. Give a bleeding whore a chance.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Repentantly.)</em> I am very disagreeable. You are a necessary evil. Where are you from? London?</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Glibly.)</em> Hog’s Norton where the pigs plays the organs. I’m Yorkshire born. <em>(She holds his hand which is feeling for her nipple.)</em> I say, Tommy Tittlemouse. Stop that and begin worse. Have you cash for a short time? Ten shillings?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Smiles, nods slowly.)</em> More, houri, more.</p>
<p>ZOE: And more’s mother? <em>(She pats him offhandedly with velvet paws.)</em> Are you coming into the musicroom to see our new pianola? Come and I’ll peel off.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Feeling his occiput dubiously with the unparalleled embarrassment of a harassed pedlar gauging the symmetry of her peeled pears.)</em> Somebody would be dreadfully jealous if she knew. The greeneyed monster. <em>(Earnestly.)</em> You know how difficult it is. I needn’t tell you.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Flattered.)</em> What the eye can’t see the heart can’t grieve for. <em>(She pats him.)</em> Come.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Laughing witch! The hand that rocks the cradle.</p>
<p>ZOE: Babby!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In babylinen and pelisse, bigheaded, with a caul of dark hair, fixes big eyes on her fluid slip and counts its bronze buckles with a chubby finger, his moist tongue lolling and lisping.)</em> One two tlee: tlee tlwo tlone.</p>
<p>THE BUCKLES: Love me. Love me not. Love me.</p>
<p>ZOE: Silent means consent. <em>(With little parted talons she captures his hand, her forefinger giving to his palm the passtouch of secret monitor, luring him to doom.)</em> Hot hands cold gizzard.</p>
<p><em>(He hesitates amid scents, music, temptations. She leads him towards the steps, drawing him by the odour of her armpits, the vice of her painted eyes, the rustle of her slip in whose sinuous folds lurks the lion reek of all the male brutes that have possessed her.)</em></p>
<p>THE MALE BRUTES: <em>(Exhaling sulphur of rut and dung and ramping in their loosebox, faintly roaring, their drugged heads swaying to and fro.)</em> Good!</p>
<p><em>(Zoe and Bloom reach the doorway where two sister whores are seated. They examine him curiously from under their pencilled brows and smile to his hasty bow. He trips awkwardly.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Her lucky hand instantly saving him.)</em> Hoopsa! Don’t fall upstairs.</p>
<p>BLOOM: The just man falls seven times. <em>(He stands aside at the threshold.)</em> After you is good manners.</p>
<p>ZOE: Ladies first, gentlemen after.</p>
<p><em>(She crosses the threshold. He hesitates. She turns and, holding out her hands, draws him over. He hops. On the antlered rack of the hall hang a man’s hat and waterproof. Bloom uncovers himself but, seeing them, frowns, then smiles, preoccupied. A door on the return landing is flung open. A man in purple shirt and grey trousers, brownsocked, passes with an ape’s gait, his bald head and goatee beard upheld, hugging a full waterjugjar, his twotailed black braces dangling at heels. Averting his face quickly Bloom bends to examine on the halltable the spaniel eyes of a running fox: then, his lifted head sniffing, follows Zoe into the musicroom. A shade of mauve tissuepaper dims the light of the chandelier. Round and round a moth flies, colliding, escaping. The floor is covered with an oilcloth mosaic of jade and azure and cinnabar rhomboids. Footmarks are stamped over it in all senses, heel to heel, heel to hollow, toe to toe, feet locked, a morris of shuffling feet without body phantoms, all in a scrimmage higgledypiggledy. The walls are tapestried with a paper of yewfronds and clear glades. In the grate is spread a screen of peacock feathers. Lynch squats crosslegged on the hearthrug of matted hair, his cap back to the front. With a wand he beats time slowly. Kitty Ricketts, a bony pallid whore in navy costume, doeskin gloves rolled back from a coral wristlet, a chain purse in her hand, sits perched on the edge of the table swinging her leg and glancing at herself in the gilt mirror over the mantelpiece. A tag of her corsetlace hangs slightly below her jacket. Lynch indicates mockingly the couple at the piano.)</em></p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Coughs behind her hand.)</em> She’s a bit imbecillic. <em>(She signs with a waggling forefinger.)</em> Blemblem. <em>(Lynch lifts up her skirt and white petticoat with the wand. She settles them down quickly.)</em> Respect yourself. <em>(She hiccups, then bends quickly her sailor hat under which her hair glows, red with henna.)</em> O, excuse!</p>
<p>ZOE: More limelight, Charley. <em>(She goes to the chandelier and turns the gas full cock.)</em></p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Peers at the gasjet.)</em> What ails it tonight?</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Deeply.)</em> Enter a ghost and hobgoblins.</p>
<p>ZOE: Clap on the back for Zoe.</p>
<p><em>(The wand in Lynch’s hand flashes: a brass poker. Stephen stands at the pianola on which sprawl his hat and ashplant. With two fingers he repeats once more the series of empty fifths. Florry Talbot, a blond feeble goosefat whore in a tatterdemalion gown of mildewed strawberry, lolls spreadeagle in the sofacorner, her limp forearm pendent over the bolster, listening. A heavy stye droops over her sleepy eyelid.)</em></p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Hiccups again with a kick of her horsed foot.)</em> O, excuse!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Promptly.)</em> Your boy’s thinking of you. Tie a knot on your shift.</p>
<p><em>(Kitty Ricketts bends her head. Her boa uncoils, slides, glides over her shoulder, back, arm, chair to the ground. Lynch lifts the curled catterpillar on his wand. She snakes her neck, nestling. Stephen glances behind at the squatted figure with its cap back to the front.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: As a matter of fact it is of no importance whether Benedetto Marcello found it or made it. The rite is the poet’s rest. It may be an old hymn to Demeter or also illustrate <em>Cœla enarrant gloriam Domini.</em> It is susceptible of nodes or modes as far apart as hyperphrygian and mixolydian and of texts so divergent as priests haihooping round David’s that is Circe’s or what am I saying Ceres’ altar and David’s tip from the stable to his chief bassoonist about the alrightness of his almightiness. <em>Mais nom de nom,</em> that is another pair of trousers. <em>Jetez la gourme. Faut que jeunesse se passe. (He stops, points at Lynch’s cap, smiles, laughs.)</em> Which side is your knowledge bump?</p>
<p>THE CAP: <em>(With saturnine spleen.)</em> Bah! It is because it is. Woman’s reason. Jewgreek is greekjew. Extremes meet. Death is the highest form of life. Bah!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: You remember fairly accurately all my errors, boasts, mistakes. How long shall I continue to close my eyes to disloyalty? Whetstone!</p>
<p>THE CAP: Bah!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Here’s another for you. <em>(He frowns.)</em> The reason is because the fundamental and the dominant are separated by the greatest possible interval which...</p>
<p>THE CAP: Which? Finish. You can’t.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(With an effort.)</em> Interval which. Is the greatest possible ellipse. Consistent with. The ultimate return. The octave. Which.</p>
<p>THE CAP: Which?</p>
<p><em>(Outside the gramophone begins to blare</em> The Holy City.)</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Abruptly.)</em> What went forth to the ends of the world to traverse not itself, God, the sun, Shakespeare, a commercial traveller, having itself traversed in reality itself becomes that self. Wait a moment. Wait a second. Damn that fellow’s noise in the street. Self which it itself was ineluctably preconditioned to become. <em>Ecco!</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(With a mocking whinny of laughter grins at Bloom and Zoe Higgins.)</em> What a learned speech, eh?</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Briskly.)</em> God help your head, he knows more than you have forgotten.</p>
<p><em>(With obese stupidity Florry Talbot regards Stephen.)</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: They say the last day is coming this summer.</p>
<p>KITTY: No!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Explodes in laughter.)</em> Great unjust God!</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Offended.)</em> Well, it was in the papers about Antichrist. O, my foot’s tickling.</p>
<p><em>(Ragged barefoot newsboys, jogging a wagtail kite, patter past, yelling.)</em></p>
<p>THE NEWSBOYS: Stop press edition. Result of the rockinghorse races. Sea serpent in the royal canal. Safe arrival of Antichrist.</p>
<p><em>(Stephen turns and sees Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: A time, times and half a time.</p>
<p><em>(Reuben J Antichrist, wandering jew, a clutching hand open on his spine, stumps forward. Across his loins is slung a pilgrim’s wallet from which protrude promissory notes and dishonoured bills. Aloft over his shoulder he bears a long boatpole from the hook of which the sodden huddled mass of his only son, saved from Liffey waters, hangs from the slack of its breeches. A hobgoblin in the image of Punch Costello, hipshot, crookbacked, hydrocephalic, prognathic with receding forehead and Ally Sloper nose, tumbles in somersaults through the gathering darkness.)</em></p>
<p>ALL: What?</p>
<p>THE HOBGOBLIN: <em>(His jaws chattering, capers to and fro, goggling his eyes, squeaking, kangaroohopping with outstretched clutching arms, then all at once thrusts his lipless face through the fork of his thighs.) Il vient! C’est moi! L’homme qui rit! L’homme primigène! (He whirls round and round with dervish howls.) Sieurs et dames, faites vos jeux! (He crouches juggling. Tiny roulette planets fly from his hands.) Les jeux sont faits! (The planets rush together, uttering crepitant cracks.) Rien va plus! (The planets, buoyant balloons, sail swollen up and away. He springs off into vacuum.)</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Sinking into torpor, crossing herself secretly.)</em> The end of the world!</p>
<p><em>(A female tepid effluvium leaks out from her. Nebulous obscurity occupies space. Through the drifting fog without the gramophone blares over coughs and feetshuffling.)</em></p>
<p>THE GRAMOPHONE:</p>
<p>Jerusalem!<br />
Open your gates and sing<br />
Hosanna...</p>
<p><em>(A rocket rushes up the sky and bursts. A white star falls from it, proclaiming the consummation of all things and second coming of Elijah. Along an infinite invisible tightrope taut from zenith to nadir the End of the World, a twoheaded octopus in gillie’s kilts, busby and tartan filibegs, whirls through the murk, head over heels, in the form of the Three Legs of Man.)</em></p>
<p>THE END OF THE WORLD: <em>(With a Scotch accent.)</em> Wha’ll dance the keel row, the keel row, the keel row?</p>
<p><em>(Over the possing drift and choking breathcoughs, Elijah’s voice, harsh as a corncrake’s, jars on high. Perspiring in a loose lawn surplice with funnel sleeves he is seen, vergerfaced, above a rostrum about which the banner of old glory is draped. He thumps the parapet.)</em></p>
<p>ELIJAH: No yapping, if you please, in this booth. Jake Crane, Creole Sue, Dove Campbell, Abe Kirschner, do your coughing with your mouths shut. Say, I am operating all this trunk line. Boys, do it now. God’s time is 12.25. Tell mother you’ll be there. Rush your order and you play a slick ace. Join on right here. Book through to eternity junction, the nonstop run. Just one word more. Are you a god or a doggone clod? If the second advent came to Coney Island are we ready? Florry Christ, Stephen Christ, Zoe Christ, Bloom Christ, Kitty Christ, Lynch Christ, it’s up to you to sense that cosmic force. Have we cold feet about the cosmos? No. Be on the side of the angels. Be a prism. You have that something within, the higher self. You can rub shoulders with a Jesus, a Gautama, an Ingersoll. Are you all in this vibration? I say you are. You once nobble that, congregation, and a buck joyride to heaven becomes a back number. You got me? It’s a lifebrightener, sure. The hottest stuff ever was. It’s the whole pie with jam in. It’s just the cutest snappiest line out. It is immense, supersumptuous. It restores. It vibrates. I know and I am some vibrator. Joking apart and, getting down to bedrock, A. J. Christ Dowie and the harmonial philosophy, have you got that? O. K. Seventyseven west sixtyninth street. Got me? That’s it. You call me up by sunphone any old time. Bumboosers, save your stamps. <em>(He shouts.)</em> Now then our glory song. All join heartily in the singing. Encore! <em>(He sings.)</em> Jeru...</p>
<p>THE GRAMOPHONE: <em>(Drowning his voice.)</em> Whorusalaminyourhighhohhhh... <em>(The disc rasps gratingly against the needle.)</em></p>
<p>THE THREE WHORES: <em>(Covering their ears, squawk.)</em> Ahhkkk!</p>
<p>ELIJAH: <em>(In rolledup shirtsleeves, black in the face, shouts at the top of his voice, his arms uplifted.)</em> Big Brother up there, Mr President, you hear what I done just been saying to you. Certainly, I sort of believe strong in you, Mr President. I certainly am thinking now Miss Higgins and Miss Ricketts got religion way inside them. Certainly seems to me I don’t never see no wusser scared female than the way you been, Miss Florry, just now as I done seed you. Mr President, you come long and help me save our sisters dear. <em>(He winks at his audience.)</em> Our Mr President, he twig the whole lot and he aint saying nothing.</p>
<p>KITTY-KATE: I forgot myself. In a weak moment I erred and did what I did on Constitution hill. I was confirmed by the bishop and enrolled in the brown scapular. My mother’s sister married a Montmorency. It was a working plumber was my ruination when I was pure.</p>
<p>ZOE-FANNY: I let him larrup it into me for the fun of it.</p>
<p>FLORRY-TERESA: It was in consequence of a portwine beverage on top of Hennessy’s three star. I was guilty with Whelan when he slipped into the bed.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: In the beginning was the word, in the end the world without end. Blessed be the eight beatitudes.</p>
<p><em>(The beatitudes, Dixon, Madden, Crotthers, Costello, Lenehan, Bannon, Mulligan and Lynch in white surgical students’ gowns, four abreast, goosestepping, tramp fast past in noisy marching.)</em></p>
<p>THE BEATITUDES: <em>(Incoherently.)</em> Beer beef battledog buybull businum barnum buggerum bishop.</p>
<p>LYSTER: <em>(In quakergrey kneebreeches and broadbrimmed hat, says discreetly.)</em> He is our friend. I need not mention names. Seek thou the light.</p>
<p><em>(He corantos by. Best enters in hairdresser’s attire, shinily laundered, his locks in curlpapers. He leads John Eglinton who wears a mandarin’s kimono of Nankeen yellow, lizardlettered, and a high pagoda hat.)</em></p>
<p>BEST: <em>(Smiling, lifts the hat and displays a shaven poll from the crown of which bristles a pigtail toupee tied with an orange topknot.)</em> I was just beautifying him, don’t you know. A thing of beauty, don’t you know, Yeats says, or I mean, Keats says.</p>
<p>JOHN EGLINTON: <em>(Produces a greencapped dark lantern and flashes it towards a corner: with carping accent.)</em> Esthetics and cosmetics are for the boudoir. I am out for truth. Plain truth for a plain man. Tanderagee wants the facts and means to get them.</p>
<p><em>(In the cone of the searchlight behind the coalscuttle, ollave, holyeyed, the bearded figure of Mananaun MacLir broods, chin on knees. He rises slowly. A cold seawind blows from his druid mouth. About his head writhe eels and elvers. He is encrusted with weeds and shells. His right hand holds a bicycle pump. His left hand grasps a huge crayfish by its two talons.)</em></p>
<p>MANANAUN MACLIR: <em>(With a voice of waves.)</em> Aum! Hek! Wal! Ak! Lub! Mor! Ma! White yoghin of the gods. Occult pimander of Hermes Trismegistos. <em>(With a voice of whistling seawind.)</em> Punarjanam patsypunjaub! I won’t have my leg pulled. It has been said by one: beware the left, the cult of Shakti. <em>(With a cry of stormbirds.)</em> Shakti Shiva, darkhidden Father! <em>(He smites with his bicycle pump the crayfish in his left hand. On its cooperative dial glow the twelve signs of the zodiac. He wails with the vehemence of the ocean.)</em> Aum! Baum! Pyjaum! I am the light of the homestead! I am the dreamery creamery butter.</p>
<p><em>(A skeleton judashand strangles the light. The green light wanes to mauve. The gasjet wails whistling.)</em></p>
<p>THE GASJET: Pooah! Pfuiiiiiii!</p>
<p><em>(Zoe runs to the chandelier and, crooking her leg, adjusts the mantle.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: Who has a fag as I’m here?</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Tossing a cigarette on to the table.)</em> Here.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Her head perched aside in mock pride.)</em> Is that the way to hand the <em>pot</em> to a lady? <em>(She stretches up to light the cigarette over the flame, twirling it slowly, showing the brown tufts of her armpits. Lynch with his poker lifts boldly a side of her slip. Bare from her garters up her flesh appears under the sapphire a nixie’s green. She puffs calmly at her cigarette.)</em> Can you see the beautyspot of my behind?</p>
<p>LYNCH: I’m not looking.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Makes sheep’s eyes.)</em> No? You wouldn’t do a less thing. Would you suck a lemon?</p>
<p><em>(Squinting in mock shame she glances with sidelong meaning at Bloom, then twists round towards him, pulling her slip free of the poker. Blue fluid again flows over her flesh. Bloom stands, smiling desirously, twirling his thumbs. Kitty Ricketts licks her middle finger with her spittle and, gazing in the mirror, smooths both eyebrows. Lipoti Virag, basilicogrammate, chutes rapidly down through the chimneyflue and struts two steps to the left on gawky pink stilts. He is sausaged into several overcoats and wears a brown macintosh under which he holds a roll of parchment. In his left eye flashes the monocle of Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell. On his head is perched an Egyptian pshent. Two quills project over his ears.)</em></p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Heels together, bows.)</em> My name is Virag Lipoti, of Szombathely. <em>(He coughs thoughtfully, drily.)</em> Promiscuous nakedness is much in evidence hereabouts, eh? Inadvertently her backview revealed the fact that she is not wearing those rather intimate garments of which you are a particular devotee. The injection mark on the thigh I hope you perceived? Good.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Granpapachi. But...</p>
<p>VIRAG: Number two on the other hand, she of the cherry rouge and coiffeuse white, whose hair owes not a little to our tribal elixir of gopherwood, is in walking costume and tightly staysed by her sit, I should opine. Backbone in front, so to say. Correct me but I always understood that the act so performed by skittish humans with glimpses of lingerie appealed to you in virtue of its exhibitionististicicity. In a word. Hippogriff. Am I right?</p>
<p>BLOOM: She is rather lean.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Not unpleasantly.)</em> Absolutely! Well observed and those pannier pockets of the skirt and slightly pegtop effect are devised to suggest bunchiness of hip. A new purchase at some monster sale for which a gull has been mulcted. Meretricious finery to deceive the eye. Observe the attention to details of dustspecks. Never put on you tomorrow what you can wear today. Parallax! <em>(With a nervous twitch of his head.)</em> Did you hear my brain go snap? Pollysyllabax!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(An elbow resting in a hand, a forefinger against his cheek.)</em> She seems sad.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Cynically, his weasel teeth bared yellow, draws down his left eye with a finger and barks hoarsely.)</em> Hoax! Beware of the flapper and bogus mournful. Lily of the alley. All possess bachelor’s button discovered by Rualdus Columbus. Tumble her. Columble her. Chameleon. <em>(More genially.)</em> Well then, permit me to draw your attention to item number three. There is plenty of her visible to the naked eye. Observe the mass of oxygenated vegetable matter on her skull. What ho, she bumps! The ugly duckling of the party, longcasted and deep in keel.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Regretfully.)</em> When you come out without your gun.</p>
<p>VIRAG: We can do you all brands, mild, medium and strong. Pay your money, take your choice. How happy could you be with either...</p>
<p>BLOOM: With...?</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(His tongue upcurling.)</em> Lyum! Look. Her beam is broad. She is coated with quite a considerable layer of fat. Obviously mammal in weight of bosom you remark that she has in front well to the fore two protuberances of very respectable dimensions, inclined to fall in the noonday soupplate, while on her rere lower down are two additional protuberances, suggestive of potent rectum and tumescent for palpation, which leave nothing to be desired save compactness. Such fleshy parts are the product of careful nurture. When coopfattened their livers reach an elephantine size. Pellets of new bread with fennygreek and gumbenjamin swamped down by potions of green tea endow them during their brief existence with natural pincushions of quite colossal blubber. That suits your book, eh? Fleshhotpots of Egypt to hanker after. Wallow in it. Lycopodium. <em>(His throat twitches.)</em> Slapbang! There he goes again.</p>
<p>BLOOM: The stye I dislike.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Arches his eyebrows.)</em> Contact with a goldring, they say. <em>Argumentum ad feminam</em>, as we said in old Rome and ancient Greece in the consulship of Diplodocus and Ichthyosauros. For the rest Eve’s sovereign remedy. Not for sale. Hire only. Huguenot. <em>(He twitches.)</em> It is a funny sound. <em>(He coughs encouragingly.)</em> But possibly it is only a wart. I presume you shall have remembered what I will have taught you on that head? Wheatenmeal with honey and nutmeg.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Reflecting.)</em> Wheatenmeal with lycopodium and syllabax. This searching ordeal. It has been an unusually fatiguing day, a chapter of accidents. Wait. I mean, wartsblood spreads warts, you said...</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Severely, his nose hardhumped, his side eye winking.)</em> Stop twirling your thumbs and have a good old thunk. See, you have forgotten. Exercise your mnemotechnic. <em>La causa è santa</em>. Tara. Tara. <em>(Aside.)</em> He will surely remember.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Rosemary also did I understand you to say or willpower over parasitic tissues. Then nay no I have an inkling. The touch of a deadhand cures. Mnemo?</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Excitedly.)</em> I say so. I say so. E’en so. Technic. <em>(He taps his parchmentroll energetically.)</em> This book tells you how to act with all descriptive particulars. Consult index for agitated fear of aconite, melancholy of muriatic, priapic pulsatilla. Virag is going to talk about amputation. Our old friend caustic. They must be starved. Snip off with horsehair under the denned neck. But, to change the venue to the Bulgar and the Basque, have you made up your mind whether you like or dislike women in male habiliments? <em>(With a dry snigger.)</em> You intended to devote an entire year to the study of the religious problem and the summer months of 1886 to square the circle and win that million. Pomegranate! From the sublime to the ridiculous is but a step. Pyjamas, let us say? Or stockingette gussetted knickers, closed? Or, put we the case, those complicated combinations, camiknickers? <em>(He crows derisively.)</em> Keekeereekee!</p>
<p><em>(Bloom surveys uncertainly the three whores then gazes at the veiled mauve light, hearing the everflying moth.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: I wanted then to have now concluded. Nightdress was never. Hence this. But tomorrow is a new day will be. Past was is today. What now is will then morrow as now was be past yester.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Prompts in a pig’s whisper.)</em> Insects of the day spend their brief existence in reiterated coition, lured by the smell of the inferiorly pulchritudinous female possessing extendified pudendal nerve in dorsal region. Pretty Poll! <em>(His yellow parrotbeak gabbles nasally.)</em> They had a proverb in the Carpathians in or about the year five thousand five hundred and fifty of our era. One tablespoonful of honey will attract friend Bruin more than half a dozen barrels of first choice malt vinegar. Bear’s buzz bothers bees. But of this apart. At another time we may resume. We were very pleased, we others. <em>(He coughs and, bending his brow, rubs his nose thoughtfully with a scooping hand.)</em> You shall find that these night insects follow the light. An illusion for remember their complex unadjustable eye. For all these knotty points see the seventeenth book of my Fundamentals of Sexology or the Love Passion which Doctor L. B. says is the book sensation of the year. Some, to example, there are again whose movements are automatic. Perceive. That is his appropriate sun. Nightbird nightsun nighttown. Chase me, Charley! <em>(He blows into Bloom’s ear.)</em> Buzz!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Bee or bluebottle too other day butting shadow on wall dazed self then me wandered dazed down shirt good job I...</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(His face impassive, laughs in a rich feminine key.)</em> Splendid! Spanish fly in his fly or mustard plaster on his dibble. <em>(He gobbles gluttonously with turkey wattles.)</em> Bubbly jock! Bubbly jock! Where are we? Open Sesame! Cometh forth! <em>(He unrolls his parchment rapidly and reads, his glowworm’s nose running backwards over the letters which he claws.)</em> Stay, good friend. I bring thee thy answer. Redbank oysters will shortly be upon us. I’m the best o’cook. Those succulent bivalves may help us and the truffles of Perigord, tubers dislodged through mister omnivorous porker, were unsurpassed in cases of nervous debility or viragitis. Though they stink yet they sting. <em>(He wags his head with cackling raillery.)</em> Jocular. With my eyeglass in my ocular. <em>(He sneezes.)</em> Amen!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Absently.)</em> Ocularly woman’s bivalve case is worse. Always open sesame. The cloven sex. Why they fear vermin, creeping things. Yet Eve and the serpent contradicts. Not a historical fact. Obvious analogy to my idea. Serpents too are gluttons for woman’s milk. Wind their way through miles of omnivorous forest to sucksucculent her breast dry. Like those bubblyjocular Roman matrons one reads of in Elephantuliasis.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(His mouth projected in hard wrinkles, eyes stonily forlornly closed, psalms in outlandish monotone.)</em> That the cows with their those distended udders that they have been the the known...</p>
<p>BLOOM: I am going to scream. I beg your pardon. Ah? So. <em>(He repeats.)</em> Spontaneously to seek out the saurian’s lair in order to entrust their teats to his avid suction. Ant milks aphis. <em>(Profoundly.)</em> Instinct rules the world. In life. In death.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Head askew, arches his back and hunched wingshoulders, peers at the moth out of blear bulged eyes, points a horning claw and cries.)</em> Who’s moth moth? Who’s dear Gerald? Dear Ger, that you? O dear, he is Gerald. O, I much fear he shall be most badly burned. Will some pleashe pershon not now impediment so catastrophics mit agitation of firstclass tablenumpkin? <em>(He mews.)</em> Puss puss puss puss! <em>(He sighs, draws back and stares sideways down with dropping underjaw.)</em> Well, well. He doth rest anon. (He snaps his jaws suddenly on the air.)</p>
<p>THE MOTH:</p>
<p>I’m a tiny tiny thing<br />
Ever flying in the spring<br />
Round and round a ringaring.<br />
Long ago I was a king<br />
Now I do this kind of thing<br />
On the wing, on the wing!<br />
Bing!</p>
<p><em>(He rushes against the mauve shade, flapping noisily.)</em> Pretty pretty pretty pretty pretty pretty petticoats.</p>
<p><em>(From left upper entrance with two gliding steps Henry Flower comes forward to left front centre. He wears a dark mantle and drooping plumed sombrero. He carries a silverstringed inlaid dulcimer and a longstemmed bamboo Jacob’s pipe, its clay bowl fashioned as a female head. He wears dark velvet hose and silverbuckled pumps. He has the romantic Saviour’s face with flowing locks, thin beard and moustache. His spindlelegs and sparrow feet are those of the tenor Mario, prince of Candia. He settles down his goffered ruffs and moistens his lips with a passage of his amorous tongue.)</em></p>
<p>HENRY: <em>(In a low dulcet voice, touching the strings of his guitar.)</em> There is a flower that bloometh.</p>
<p><em>(Virag truculent, his jowl set, stares at the lamp. Grave Bloom regards Zoe’s neck. Henry gallant turns with pendant dewlap to the piano.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(To himself.)</em> Play with your eyes shut. Imitate pa. Filling my belly with husks of swine. Too much of this. I will arise and go to my. Expect this is the. Steve, thou art in a parlous way. Must visit old Deasy or telegraph. Our interview of this morning has left on me a deep impression. Though our ages. Will write fully tomorrow. I’m partially drunk, by the way. <em>(He touches the keys again.)</em> Minor chord comes now. Yes. Not much however.</p>
<p><em>(Almidano Artifoni holds out a batonroll of music with vigorous moustachework.)</em></p>
<p>ARTIFONI: <em>Ci rifletta. Lei rovina tutto.</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: Sing us something. Love’s old sweet song.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: No voice. I am a most finished artist. Lynch, did I show you the letter about the lute?</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Smirking.)</em> The bird that can sing and won’t sing.</p>
<p><em>(The Siamese twins, Philip Drunk and Philip Sober, two Oxford dons with lawnmowers, appear in the window embrasure. Both are masked with Matthew Arnold’s face.)</em></p>
<p>PHILIP SOBER: Take a fool’s advice. All is not well. Work it out with the buttend of a pencil, like a good young idiot. Three pounds twelve you got, two notes, one sovereign, two crowns, if youth but knew. Mooney’s en ville, Mooney’s sur mer, the Moira, Larchet’s, Holles street hospital, Burke’s. Eh? I am watching you.</p>
<p>PHILIP DRUNK: <em>(Impatiently.)</em> Ah, bosh, man. Go to hell! I paid my way. If I could only find out about octaves. Reduplication of personality. Who was it told me his name? <em>(His lawnmower begins to purr.)</em> Aha, yes. <em>Zoe mou sas agapo</em>. Have a notion I was here before. When was it not Atkinson his card I have somewhere. Mac Somebody. Unmack I have it. He told me about, hold on, Swinburne, was it, no?</p>
<p>FLORRY: And the song?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.</p>
<p>FLORRY: Are you out of Maynooth? You’re like someone I knew once.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Out of it now. <em>(To himself.)</em> Clever.</p>
<p>PHILIP DRUNK AND PHILIP SOBER: <em>(Their lawnmowers purring with a rigadoon of grasshalms.)</em> Clever ever. Out of it out of it. By the bye have you the book, the thing, the ashplant? Yes, there it, yes. Cleverever outofitnow. Keep in condition. Do like us.</p>
<p>ZOE: There was a priest down here two nights ago to do his bit of business with his coat buttoned up. You needn’t try to hide, I says to him. I know you’ve a Roman collar.</p>
<p>VIRAG: Perfectly logical from his standpoint. Fall of man. <em>(Harshly, his pupils waxing.)</em> To hell with the pope! Nothing new under the sun. I am the Virag who disclosed the Sex Secrets of Monks and Maidens. Why I left the church of Rome. Read the Priest, the Woman and the Confessional. Penrose. Flipperty Jippert. <em>(He wriggles.)</em> Woman, undoing with sweet pudor her belt of rushrope, offers her allmoist yoni to man’s lingam. Short time after man presents woman with pieces of jungle meat. Woman shows joy and covers herself with featherskins. Man loves her yoni fiercely with big lingam, the stiff one. <em>(He cries.) Coactus volui.</em> Then giddy woman will run about. Strong man grapses woman’s wrist. Woman squeals, bites, spucks. Man, now fierce angry, strikes woman’s fat yadgana. <em>(He chases his tail.)</em> Piffpaff! Popo! <em>(He stops, sneezes.)</em> Pchp! <em>(He worries his butt.)</em> Prrrrrht!</p>
<p>LYNCH: I hope you gave the good father a penance. Nine glorias for shooting a bishop.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Spouts walrus smoke through her nostrils.)</em> He couldn’t get a connection. Only, you know, sensation. A dry rush.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Poor man!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Lightly.)</em> Only for what happened him.</p>
<p>BLOOM: How?</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(A diabolic rictus of black luminosity contracting his visage, cranes his scraggy neck forward. He lifts a mooncalf nozzle and howls.) Verfluchte Goim!</em> He had a father, forty fathers. He never existed. Pig God! He had two left feet. He was Judas Iacchia, a Libyan eunuch, the pope’s bastard. <em>(He leans out on tortured forepaws, elbows bent rigid, his eye agonising in his flat skullneck and yelps over the mute world.)</em> A son of a whore. Apocalypse.</p>
<p>KITTY: And Mary Shortall that was in the lock with the pox she got from Jimmy Pidgeon in the blue caps had a child off him that couldn’t swallow and was smothered with the convulsions in the mattress and we all subscribed for the funeral.</p>
<p>PHILIP DRUNK: <em>(Gravely.) Qui vous a mis dans cette fichue position, Philippe?</em></p>
<p>PHILIP SOBER: <em>(Gaily.) C’était le sacré pigeon, Philippe.</em></p>
<p><em>(Kitty unpins her hat and sets it down calmly, patting her henna hair. And a prettier, a daintier head of winsome curls was never seen on a whore’s shoulders. Lynch puts on her hat. She whips it off.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Laughs.)</em> And to such delights has Metchnikoff inoculated anthropoid apes.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Nods.)</em> Locomotor ataxy.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Gaily.)</em> O, my dictionary.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Three wise virgins.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Agueshaken, profuse yellow spawn foaming over his bony epileptic lips.)</em> She sold lovephiltres, whitewax, orangeflower. Panther, the Roman centurion, polluted her with his genitories. <em>(He sticks out a flickering phosphorescent scorpion tongue, his hand on his fork.)</em> Messiah! He burst her tympanum. <em>(With gibbering baboon’s cries he jerks his hips in the cynical spasm.)</em> Hik! Hek! Hak! Hok! Huk! Kok! Kuk!</p>
<p><em>(Ben Jumbo Dollard, rubicund, musclebound, hairynostrilled, hugebearded, cabbageeared, shaggychested, shockmaned, fatpapped, stands forth, his loins and genitals tightened into a pair of black bathing bagslops.)</em></p>
<p>BEN DOLLARD: <em>(Nakkering castanet bones in his huge padded paws, yodels jovially in base barreltone.)</em> When love absorbs my ardent soul.</p>
<p><em>(The virgins Nurse Callan and Nurse Quigley burst through the ringkeepers and the ropes and mob him with open arms.)</em></p>
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<p>THE VIRGINS: <em>(Gushingly.)</em> Big Ben! Ben my Chree!</p>
<p>A VOICE: Hold that fellow with the bad breeches.</p>
<p>BEN DOLLARD: <em>(Smites his thigh in abundant laughter.)</em> Hold him now.</p>
<p>HENRY: <em>(Caressing on his breast a severed female head, murmurs.)</em> Thine heart, mine love. <em>(He plucks his lutestrings.)</em> When first I saw...</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Sloughing his skins, his multitudinous plumage moulting.)</em> Rats! <em>(He yawns, showing a coalblack throat, and closes his jaws by an upward push of his parchmentroll.)</em> After having said which I took my departure. Farewell. Fare thee well. <em>Dreck!</em></p>
<p><em>(Henry Flower combs his moustache and beard rapidly with a pocketcomb and gives a cow’s lick to his hair. Steered by his rapier, he glides to the door, his wild harp slung behind him. Virag reaches the door in two ungainly stilthops, his tail cocked, and deftly claps sideways on the wall a pusyellow flybill, butting it with his head.)</em></p>
<p>THE FLYBILL: K. 11. Post No Bills. Strictly confidential. Dr Hy Franks.</p>
<p>HENRY: All is lost now.</p>
<p><em>(Virag unscrews his head in a trice and holds it under his arm.)</em></p>
<p>VIRAG’S HEAD: Quack!</p>
<p><em>(Exeunt severally.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Over his shoulder to Zoe.)</em> You would have preferred the fighting parson who founded the protestant error. But beware Antisthenes, the dog sage, and the last end of Arius Heresiarchus. The agony in the closet.</p>
<p>LYNCH: All one and the same God to her.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Devoutly.)</em> And sovereign Lord of all things.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(To Stephen.)</em> I’m sure you’re a spoiled priest. Or a monk.</p>
<p>LYNCH: He is. A cardinal’s son.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Cardinal sin. Monks of the screw.</p>
<p><em>(His Eminence Simon Stephen Cardinal Dedalus, Primate of all Ireland, appears in the doorway, dressed in red soutane, sandals and socks. Seven dwarf simian acolytes, also in red, cardinal sins, uphold his train, peeping under it. He wears a battered silk hat sideways on his head. His thumbs are stuck in his armpits and his palms outspread. Round his neck hangs a rosary of corks ending on his breast in a corkscrew cross. Releasing his thumbs, he invokes grace from on high with large wave gestures and proclaims with bloated pomp:)</em></p>
<p>THE CARDINAL:</p>
<p>Conservio lies captured<br />
He lies in the lowest dungeon<br />
With manacles and chains around his limbs<br />
Weighing upwards of three tons.</p>
<p><em>(He looks at all for a moment, his right eye closed tight, his left cheek puffed out. Then, unable to repress his merriment, he rocks to and fro, arms akimbo, and sings with broad rollicking humour:)</em></p>
<p>O, the poor little fellow<br />
Hihihihihis legs they were yellow<br />
He was plump, fat and heavy and brisk as a snake<br />
But some bloody savage<br />
To graize his white cabbage<br />
He murdered Nell Flaherty’s duckloving drake.</p>
<p><em>(A multitude of midges swarms white over his robe. He scratches himself with crossed arms at his ribs, grimacing, and exclaims:)</em></p>
<p>I’m suffering the agony of the damned. By the hoky fiddle, thanks be to Jesus those funny little chaps are not unanimous. If they were they’d walk me off the face of the bloody globe.</p>
<p><em>(His head aslant he blesses curtly with fore and middle fingers, imparts the Easter kiss and doubleshuffles off comically, swaying his hat from side to side, shrinking quickly to the size of his trainbearers. The dwarf acolytes, giggling, peeping, nudging, ogling, Easterkissing, zigzag behind him. His voice is heard mellow from afar, merciful male, melodious:)</em></p>
<p>Shall carry my heart to thee,<br />
Shall carry my heart to thee,<br />
And the breath of the balmy night<br />
Shall carry my heart to thee!</p>
<p><em>(The trick doorhandle turns.)</em></p>
<p>THE DOORHANDLE: Theeee!</p>
<p>ZOE: The devil is in that door.</p>
<p><em>(A male form passes down the creaking staircase and is heard taking the waterproof and hat from the rack. Bloom starts forward involuntarily and, half closing the door as he passes, takes the chocolate from his pocket and offers it nervously to Zoe.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Sniffs his hair briskly.)</em> Hmmm! Thank your mother for the rabbits. I’m very fond of what I like.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hearing a male voice in talk with the whores on the doorstep, pricks his ears.)</em> If it were he? After? Or because not? Or the double event?</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Tears open the silverfoil.)</em> Fingers was made before forks. <em>(She breaks off and nibbles a piece, gives a piece to Kitty Ricketts and then turns kittenishly to Lynch.)</em> No objection to French lozenges? <em>(He nods. She taunts him.)</em> Have it now or wait till you get it? <em>(He opens his mouth, his head cocked. She whirls the prize in left circle. His head follows. She whirls it back in right circle. He eyes her.)</em> Catch!</p>
<p><em>(She tosses a piece. With an adroit snap he catches it and bites it through with a crack.)</em></p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Chewing.)</em> The engineer I was with at the bazaar does have lovely ones. Full of the best liqueurs. And the viceroy was there with his lady. The gas we had on the Toft’s hobbyhorses. I’m giddy still.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In Svengali’s fur overcoat, with folded arms and Napoleonic forelock, frowns in ventriloquial exorcism with piercing eagle glance towards the door. Then rigid with left foot advanced he makes a swift pass with impelling fingers and gives the sign of past master, drawing his right arm downwards from his left shoulder.)</em> Go, go, go, I conjure you, whoever you are!</p>
<p><em>(A male cough and tread are heard passing through the mist outside. Bloom’s features relax. He places a hand in his waistcoat, posing calmly. Zoe offers him chocolate.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Solemnly.)</em> Thanks.</p>
<p>ZOE: Do as you’re bid. Here!</p>
<p><em>(A firm heelclacking tread is heard on the stairs.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Takes the chocolate.)</em> Aphrodisiac? Tansy and pennyroyal. But I bought it. Vanilla calms or? Mnemo. Confused light confuses memory. Red influences lupus. Colours affect women’s characters, any they have. This black makes me sad. Eat and be merry for tomorrow. <em>(He eats.)</em> Influence taste too, mauve. But it is so long since I. Seems new. Aphro. That priest. Must come. Better late than never. Try truffles at Andrews.</p>
<p><em>(The door opens. Bella Cohen, a massive whoremistress, enters. She is dressed in a threequarter ivory gown, fringed round the hem with tasselled selvedge, and cools herself flirting a black horn fan like Minnie Hauck in</em> Carmen. <em>On her left hand are wedding and keeper rings. Her eyes are deeply carboned. She has a sprouting moustache. Her olive face is heavy, slightly sweated and fullnosed with orangetainted nostrils. She has large pendant beryl eardrops.)</em></p>
<p>BELLA: My word! I’m all of a mucksweat.</p>
<p><em>(She glances round her at the couples. Then her eyes rest on Bloom with hard insistence. Her large fan winnows wind towards her heated faceneck and embonpoint. Her falcon eyes glitter.)</em></p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Flirting quickly, then slowly.)</em> Married, I see.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Yes. Partly, I have mislaid...</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Half opening, then closing.)</em> And the missus is master. Petticoat government.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Looks down with a sheepish grin.)</em> That is so.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Folding together, rests against her left eardrop.)</em> Have you forgotten me?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Nes. Yo.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Folded akimbo against her waist.)</em> Is me her was you dreamed before? Was then she him you us since knew? Am all them and the same now we?</p>
<p><em>(Bella approaches, gently tapping with the fan.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Wincing.)</em> Powerful being. In my eyes read that slumber which women love.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Tapping.)</em> We have met. You are mine. It is fate.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Cowed.)</em> Exuberant female. Enormously I desiderate your domination. I am exhausted, abandoned, no more young. I stand, so to speak, with an unposted letter bearing the extra regulation fee before the too late box of the general postoffice of human life. The door and window open at a right angle cause a draught of thirtytwo feet per second according to the law of falling bodies. I have felt this instant a twinge of sciatica in my left glutear muscle. It runs in our family. Poor dear papa, a widower, was a regular barometer from it. He believed in animal heat. A skin of tabby lined his winter waistcoat. Near the end, remembering king David and the Sunamite, he shared his bed with Athos, faithful after death. A dog’s spittle as you probably... <em>(He winces.)</em> Ah!</p>
<p>RICHIE GOULDING: <em>(Bagweighted, passes the door.)</em> Mocking is catch. Best value in Dub. Fit for a prince’s. Liver and kidney.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Tapping.)</em> All things end. Be mine. Now.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Undecided.)</em> All now? I should not have parted with my talisman. Rain, exposure at dewfall on the searocks, a peccadillo at my time of life. Every phenomenon has a natural cause.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Points downwards slowly.)</em> You may.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Looks downwards and perceives her unfastened bootlace.)</em> We are observed.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Points downwards quickly.)</em> You must.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With desire, with reluctance.)</em> I can make a true black knot. Learned when I served my time and worked the mail order line for Kellett’s. Experienced hand. Every knot says a lot. Let me. In courtesy. I knelt once before today. Ah!</p>
<p><em>(Bella raises her gown slightly and, steadying her pose, lifts to the edge of a chair a plump buskined hoof and a full pastern, silksocked. Bloom, stifflegged, aging, bends over her hoof and with gentle fingers draws out and in her laces.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Murmurs lovingly.)</em> To be a shoefitter in Manfield’s was my love’s young dream, the darling joys of sweet buttonhooking, to lace up crisscrossed to kneelength the dressy kid footwear satinlined, so incredibly impossibly small, of Clyde Road ladies. Even their wax model Raymonde I visited daily to admire her cobweb hose and stick of rhubarb toe, as worn in Paris.</p>
<p>THE HOOF: Smell my hot goathide. Feel my royal weight.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Crosslacing.)</em> Too tight?</p>
<p>THE HOOF: If you bungle, Handy Andy, I’ll kick your football for you.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Not to lace the wrong eyelet as I did the night of the bazaar dance. Bad luck. Hook in wrong tache of her... person you mentioned. That night she met... Now!</p>
<p><em>(He knots the lace. Bella places her foot on the floor. Bloom raises his head. Her heavy face, her eyes strike him in midbrow. His eyes grow dull, darker and pouched, his nose thickens.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Mumbles.)</em> Awaiting your further orders we remain, gentlemen,...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(With a hard basilisk stare, in a baritone voice.)</em> Hound of dishonour!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Infatuated.)</em> Empress!</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(His heavy cheekchops sagging.)</em> Adorer of the adulterous rump!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Plaintively.)</em> Hugeness!</p>
<p>BELLO: Dungdevourer!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With sinews semiflexed.)</em> Magmagnificence!</p>
<p>BELLO: Down! <em>(He taps her on the shoulder with his fan.)</em> Incline feet forward! Slide left foot one pace back! You will fall. You are falling. On the hands down!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Her eyes upturned in the sign of admiration, closing, yaps.)</em> Truffles!</p>
<p><em>(With a piercing epileptic cry she sinks on all fours, grunting, snuffling, rooting at his feet: then lies, shamming dead, with eyes shut tight, trembling eyelids, bowed upon the ground in the attitude of most excellent master.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(With bobbed hair, purple gills, fat moustache rings round his shaven mouth, in mountaineer’s puttees, green silverbuttoned coat, sport skirt and alpine hat with moorcock’s feather, his hands stuck deep in his breeches pockets, places his heel on her neck and grinds it in.)</em> Footstool! Feel my entire weight. Bow, bondslave, before the throne of your despot’s glorious heels so glistening in their proud erectness.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Enthralled, bleats.)</em> I promise never to disobey.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Laughs loudly.)</em> Holy smoke! You little know what’s in store for you. I’m the Tartar to settle your little lot and break you in! I’ll bet Kentucky cocktails all round I shame it out of you, old son. Cheek me, I dare you. If you do tremble in anticipation of heel discipline to be inflicted in gym costume.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom creeps under the sofa and peers out through the fringe.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Widening her slip to screen her.)</em> She’s not here.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Closing her eyes.)</em> She’s not here.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Hiding her with her gown.)</em> She didn’t mean it, Mr Bello. She’ll be good, sir.</p>
<p>KITTY: Don’t be too hard on her, Mr Bello. Sure you won’t, ma’amsir.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Coaxingly.)</em> Come, ducky dear, I want a word with you, darling, just to administer correction. Just a little heart to heart talk, sweety. <em>(Bloom puts out her timid head.)</em> There’s a good girly now. <em>(Bello grabs her hair violently and drags her forward.)</em> I only want to correct you for your own good on a soft safe spot. How’s that tender behind? O, ever so gently, pet. Begin to get ready.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Fainting.)</em> Don’t tear my...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Savagely.)</em> The nosering, the pliers, the bastinado, the hanging hook, the knout I’ll make you kiss while the flutes play like the Nubian slave of old. You’re in for it this time! I’ll make you remember me for the balance of your natural life. <em>(His forehead veins swollen, his face congested.)</em> I shall sit on your ottoman saddleback every morning after my thumping good breakfast of Matterson’s fat hamrashers and a bottle of Guinness’s porter. <em>(He belches.)</em> And suck my thumping good Stock Exchange cigar while I read the <em>Licensed Victualler’s Gazette</em>. Very possibly I shall have you slaughtered and skewered in my stables and enjoy a slice of you with crisp crackling from the baking tin basted and baked like sucking pig with rice and lemon or currant sauce. It will hurt you. <em>(He twists her arm. Bloom squeals, turning turtle.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Don’t be cruel, nurse! Don’t!</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Twisting.)</em> Another!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Screams.)</em> O, it’s hell itself! Every nerve in my body aches like mad!</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Shouts.)</em> Good, by the rumping jumping general! That’s the best bit of news I heard these six weeks. Here, don’t keep me waiting, damn you! <em>(He slaps her face.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Whimpers.)</em> You’re after hitting me. I’ll tell...</p>
<p>BELLO: Hold him down, girls, till I squat on him.</p>
<p>ZOE: Yes. Walk on him! I will.</p>
<p>FLORRY: I will. Don’t be greedy.</p>
<p>KITTY: No, me. Lend him to me.</p>
<p><em>(The brothel cook, Mrs Keogh, wrinkled, greybearded, in a greasy bib, men’s grey and green socks and brogues, floursmeared, a rollingpin stuck with raw pastry in her bare red arm and hand, appears at the door.)</em></p>
<p>MRS KEOGH: <em>(Ferociously.)</em> Can I help? <em>(They hold and pinion Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Squats with a grunt on Bloom’s upturned face, puffing cigarsmoke, nursing a fat leg.)</em> I see Keating Clay is elected vicechairman of the Richmond asylum and by the by Guinness’s preference shares are at sixteen three quarters. Curse me for a fool that didn’t buy that lot Craig and Gardner told me about. Just my infernal luck, curse it. And that Goddamned outsider <em>Throwaway</em> at twenty to one. <em>(He quenches his cigar angrily on Bloom’s ear.)</em> Where’s that Goddamned cursed ashtray?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Goaded, buttocksmothered.)</em> O! O! Monsters! Cruel one!</p>
<p>BELLO: Ask for that every ten minutes. Beg. Pray for it as you never prayed before. <em>(He thrusts out a figged fist and foul cigar.)</em> Here, kiss that. Both. Kiss. <em>(He throws a leg astride and, pressing with horseman’s knees, calls in a hard voice.)</em> Gee up! A cockhorse to Banbury cross. I’ll ride him for the Eclipse stakes. <em>(He bends sideways and squeezes his mount’s testicles roughly, shouting.)</em> Ho! Off we pop! I’ll nurse you in proper fashion. <em>(He horserides cockhorse, leaping in the, in the saddle.)</em> The lady goes a pace a pace and the coachman goes a trot a trot and the gentleman goes a gallop a gallop a gallop a gallop.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Pulls at Bello.)</em> Let me on him now. You had enough. I asked before you.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Pulling at Florry.)</em> Me. Me. Are you not finished with him yet, suckeress?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Stifling.)</em> Can’t.</p>
<p>BELLO: Well, I’m not. Wait. <em>(He holds in his breath.)</em> Curse it. Here. This bung’s about burst. <em>(He uncorks himself behind: then, contorting his features, farts loudly.)</em> Take that! <em>(He recorks himself.)</em> Yes, by Jingo, sixteen three quarters.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(A sweat breaking out over him.)</em> Not man. <em>(He sniffs.)</em> Woman.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Stands up.)</em> No more blow hot and cold. What you longed for has come to pass. Henceforth you are unmanned and mine in earnest, a thing under the yoke. Now for your punishment frock. You will shed your male garments, you understand, Ruby Cohen? and don the shot silk luxuriously rustling over head and shoulders. And quickly too!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shrinks.)</em> Silk, mistress said! O crinkly! scrapy! Must I tiptouch it with my nails?</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Points to his whores.)</em> As they are now so will you be, wigged, singed, perfumesprayed, ricepowdered, with smoothshaven armpits. Tape measurements will be taken next your skin. You will be laced with cruel force into vicelike corsets of soft dove coutille with whalebone busk to the diamondtrimmed pelvis, the absolute outside edge, while your figure, plumper than when at large, will be restrained in nettight frocks, pretty two ounce petticoats and fringes and things stamped, of course, with my houseflag, creations of lovely lingerie for Alice and nice scent for Alice. Alice will feel the pullpull. Martha and Mary will be a little chilly at first in such delicate thighcasing but the frilly flimsiness of lace round your bare knees will remind you...</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(A charming soubrette with dauby cheeks, mustard hair and large male hands and nose, leering mouth.)</em> I tried her things on only twice, a small prank, in Holles street. When we were hard up I washed them to save the laundry bill. My own shirts I turned. It was the purest thrift.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Jeers.)</em> Little jobs that make mother pleased, eh? And showed off coquettishly in your domino at the mirror behind closedrawn blinds your unskirted thighs and hegoat’s udders in various poses of surrender, eh? Ho! ho! I have to laugh! That secondhand black operatop shift and short trunkleg naughties all split up the stitches at her last rape that Mrs Miriam Dandrade sold you from the Shelbourne hotel, eh?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Miriam. Black. Demimondaine.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Guffaws.)</em> Christ Almighty it’s too tickling, this! You were a nicelooking Miriam when you clipped off your backgate hairs and lay swooning in the thing across the bed as Mrs Dandrade about to be violated by lieutenant Smythe-Smythe, Mr Philip Augustus Blockwell M. P., signor Laci Daremo, the robust tenor, blueeyed Bert, the liftboy, Henri Fleury of Gordon Bennett fame, Sheridan, the quadroon Croesus, the varsity wetbob eight from old Trinity, Ponto, her splendid Newfoundland and Bobs, dowager duchess of Manorhamilton. <em>(He guffaws again.)</em> Christ, wouldn’t it make a Siamese cat laugh?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Her hands and features working.)</em> It was Gerald converted me to be a true corsetlover when I was female impersonator in the High School play <em>Vice Versa</em>. It was dear Gerald. He got that kink, fascinated by sister’s stays. Now dearest Gerald uses pinky greasepaint and gilds his eyelids. Cult of the beautiful.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(With wicked glee.)</em> Beautiful! Give us a breather! When you took your seat with womanish care, lifting your billowy flounces, on the smoothworn throne.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Science. To compare the various joys we each enjoy. <em>(Earnestly.)</em> And really it’s better the position... because often I used to wet...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Sternly.)</em> No insubordination! The sawdust is there in the corner for you. I gave you strict instructions, didn’t I? Do it standing, sir! I’ll teach you to behave like a jinkleman! If I catch a trace on your swaddles. Aha! By the ass of the Dorans you’ll find I’m a martinet. The sins of your past are rising against you. Many. Hundreds.</p>
<p>THE SINS OF THE PAST: <em>(In a medley of voices.)</em> He went through a form of clandestine marriage with at least one woman in the shadow of the Black church. Unspeakable messages he telephoned mentally to Miss Dunn at an address in D’Olier street while he presented himself indecently to the instrument in the callbox. By word and deed he frankly encouraged a nocturnal strumpet to deposit fecal and other matter in an unsanitary outhouse attached to empty premises. In five public conveniences he wrote pencilled messages offering his nuptial partner to all strongmembered males. And by the offensively smelling vitriol works did he not pass night after night by loving courting couples to see if and what and how much he could see? Did he not lie in bed, the gross boar, gloating over a nauseous fragment of wellused toilet paper presented to him by a nasty harlot, stimulated by gingerbread and a postal order?</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Whistles loudly.)</em> Say! What was the most revolting piece of obscenity in all your career of crime? Go the whole hog. Puke it out! Be candid for once.</p>
<p><em>(Mute inhuman faces throng forward, leering, vanishing, gibbering, Booloohoom. Poldy Kock, Bootlaces a penny, Cassidy’s hag, blind stripling, Larry Rhinoceros, the girl, the woman, the whore, the other, the...)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Don’t ask me! Our mutual faith. Pleasants street. I only thought the half of the... I swear on my sacred oath...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Peremptorily.)</em> Answer. Repugnant wretch! I insist on knowing. Tell me something to amuse me, smut or a bloody good ghoststory or a line of poetry, quick, quick, quick! Where? How? What time? With how many? I give you just three seconds. One! Two! Thr...</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Docile, gurgles.)</em> I rererepugnosed in rerererepugnant...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Imperiously.)</em> O, get out, you skunk! Hold your tongue! Speak when you’re spoken to.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bows.)</em> Master! Mistress! Mantamer!</p>
<p><em>(He lifts his arms. His bangle bracelets fall.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Satirically.)</em> By day you will souse and bat our smelling underclothes also when we ladies are unwell, and swab out our latrines with dress pinned up and a dishclout tied to your tail. Won’t that be nice? <em>(He places a ruby ring on her finger.)</em> And there now! With this ring I thee own. Say, thank you, mistress.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Thank you, mistress.</p>
<p>BELLO: You will make the beds, get my tub ready, empty the pisspots in the different rooms, including old Mrs Keogh’s the cook’s, a sandy one. Ay, and rinse the seven of them well, mind, or lap it up like champagne. Drink me piping hot. Hop! You will dance attendance or I’ll lecture you on your misdeeds, Miss Ruby, and spank your bare bot right well, miss, with the hairbrush. You’ll be taught the error of your ways. At night your wellcreamed braceletted hands will wear fortythreebutton gloves newpowdered with talc and having delicately scented fingertips. For such favours knights of old laid down their lives. <em>(He chuckles.)</em> My boys will be no end charmed to see you so ladylike, the colonel, above all, when they come here the night before the wedding to fondle my new attraction in gilded heels. First I’ll have a go at you myself. A man I know on the turf named Charles Alberta Marsh (I was in bed with him just now and another gentleman out of the Hanaper and Petty Bag office) is on the lookout for a maid of all work at a short knock. Swell the bust. Smile. Droop shoulders. What offers? <em>(He points.)</em> For that lot. Trained by owner to fetch and carry, basket in mouth. <em>(He bares his arm and plunges it elbowdeep in Bloom’s vulva.)</em> There’s fine depth for you! What, boys? That give you a hardon? <em>(He shoves his arm in a bidder’s face.)</em> Here wet the deck and wipe it round!</p>
<p>A BIDDER: A florin.</p>
<p><em>(Dillon’s lacquey rings his handbell.)</em></p>
<p>THE LACQUEY: Barang!</p>
<p>A VOICE: One and eightpence too much.</p>
<p>CHARLES ALBERTA MARSH: Must be virgin. Good breath. Clean.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Gives a rap with his gavel.)</em> Two bar. Rockbottom figure and cheap at the price. Fourteen hands high. Touch and examine shis points. Handle hrim. This downy skin, these soft muscles, this tender flesh. If I had only my gold piercer here! And quite easy to milk. Three newlaid gallons a day. A pure stockgetter, due to lay within the hour. His sire’s milk record was a thousand gallons of whole milk in forty weeks. Whoa, my jewel! Beg up! Whoa! <em>(He brands his initial C on Bloom’s croup.)</em> So! Warranted Cohen! What advance on two bob, gentlemen?</p>
<p>A DARKVISAGED MAN: <em>(In disguised accent.)</em> Hoondert punt sterlink.</p>
<p>VOICES: <em>(Subdued.)</em> For the Caliph. Haroun Al Raschid.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Gaily.)</em> Right. Let them all come. The scanty, daringly short skirt, riding up at the knee to show a peep of white pantalette, is a potent weapon and transparent stockings, emeraldgartered, with the long straight seam trailing up beyond the knee, appeal to the better instincts of the <em>blasé</em> man about town. Learn the smooth mincing walk on four inch Louis Quinze heels, the Grecian bend with provoking croup, the thighs fluescent, knees modestly kissing. Bring all your powers of fascination to bear on them. Pander to their Gomorrahan vices.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bends his blushing face into his armpit and simpers with forefinger in mouth.)</em> O, I know what you’re hinting at now!</p>
<p>BELLO: What else are you good for, an impotent thing like you? <em>(He stoops and, peering, pokes with his fan rudely under the fat suet folds of Bloom’s haunches.)</em> Up! Up! Manx cat! What have we here? Where’s your curly teapot gone to or who docked it on you, cockyolly? Sing, birdy, sing. It’s as limp as a boy of six’s doing his pooly behind a cart. Buy a bucket or sell your pump. <em>(Loudly.)</em> Can you do a man’s job?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Eccles street...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Sarcastically.)</em> I wouldn’t hurt your feelings for the world but there’s a man of brawn in possession there. The tables are turned, my gay young fellow! He is something like a fullgrown outdoor man. Well for you, you muff, if you had that weapon with knobs and lumps and warts all over it. He shot his bolt, I can tell you! Foot to foot, knee to knee, belly to belly, bubs to breast! He’s no eunuch. A shock of red hair he has sticking out of him behind like a furzebush! Wait for nine months, my lad! Holy ginger, it’s kicking and coughing up and down in her guts already! That makes you wild, don’t it? Touches the spot? <em>(He spits in contempt.)</em> Spittoon!</p>
<p>BLOOM: I was indecently treated, I... Inform the police. Hundred pounds. Unmentionable. I...</p>
<p>BELLO: Would if you could, lame duck. A downpour we want not your drizzle.</p>
<p>BLOOM: To drive me mad! Moll! I forgot! Forgive! Moll... We... Still...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Ruthlessly.)</em> No, Leopold Bloom, all is changed by woman’s will since you slept horizontal in Sleepy Hollow your night of twenty years. Return and see.</p>
<p><em>(Old Sleepy Hollow calls over the wold.)</em></p>
<p>SLEEPY HOLLOW: Rip van Wink! Rip van Winkle!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In tattered mocassins with a rusty fowlingpiece, tiptoeing, fingertipping, his haggard bony bearded face peering through the diamond panes, cries out.)</em> I see her! It’s she! The first night at Mat Dillon’s! But that dress, the green! And her hair is dyed gold and he...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Laughs mockingly.)</em> That’s your daughter, you owl, with a Mullingar student.</p>
<p><em>(Milly Bloom, fairhaired, greenvested, slimsandalled, her blue scarf in the seawind simply swirling, breaks from the arms of her lover and calls, her young eyes wonderwide.)</em></p>
<p>MILLY: My! It’s Papli! But, O Papli, how old you’ve grown!</p>
<p>BELLO: Changed, eh? Our whatnot, our writingtable where we never wrote, aunt Hegarty’s armchair, our classic reprints of old masters. A man and his menfriends are living there in clover. The <em>Cuckoos’ Rest!</em> Why not? How many women had you, eh, following them up dark streets, flatfoot, exciting them by your smothered grunts, what, you male prostitute? Blameless dames with parcels of groceries. Turn about. Sauce for the goose, my gander O.</p>
<p>BLOOM: They... I...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Cuttingly.)</em> Their heelmarks will stamp the Brusselette carpet you bought at Wren’s auction. In their horseplay with Moll the romp to find the buck flea in her breeches they will deface the little statue you carried home in the rain for art for art’s sake. They will violate the secrets of your bottom drawer. Pages will be torn from your handbook of astronomy to make them pipespills. And they will spit in your ten shilling brass fender from Hampton Leedom’s.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Ten and six. The act of low scoundrels. Let me go. I will return. I will prove...</p>
<p>A VOICE: Swear!</p>
<p><em>(Bloom clenches his fists and crawls forward, a bowieknife between his teeth.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: As a paying guest or a kept man? Too late. You have made your secondbest bed and others must lie in it. Your epitaph is written. You are down and out and don’t you forget it, old bean.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Justice! All Ireland versus one! Has nobody...? <em>(He bites his thumb.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: Die and be damned to you if you have any sense of decency or grace about you. I can give you a rare old wine that’ll send you skipping to hell and back. Sign a will and leave us any coin you have! If you have none see you damn well get it, steal it, rob it! We’ll bury you in our shrubbery jakes where you’ll be dead and dirty with old Cuck Cohen, my stepnephew I married, the bloody old gouty procurator and sodomite with a crick in his neck, and my other ten or eleven husbands, whatever the buggers’ names were, suffocated in the one cesspool. <em>(He explodes in a loud phlegmy laugh.)</em> We’ll manure you, Mr Flower! <em>(He pipes scoffingly.)</em> Byby, Poldy! Byby, Papli!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Clasps his head.)</em> My willpower! Memory! I have sinned! I have suff...</p>
<p><em>(He weeps tearlessly.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Sneers.)</em> Crybabby! Crocodile tears!</p>
<p><em>(Bloom, broken, closely veiled for the sacrifice, sobs, his face to the earth. The passing bell is heard. Darkshawled figures of the circumcised, in sackcloth and ashes, stand by the wailing wall. M. Shulomowitz, Joseph Goldwater, Moses Herzog, Harris Rosenberg, M. Moisel, J. Citron, Minnie Watchman, P. Mastiansky, The Reverend Leopold Abramovitz, Chazen. With swaying arms they wail in pneuma over the recreant Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>THE CIRCUMCISED: <em>(In dark guttural chant as they cast dead sea fruit upon him, no flowers.) Shema Israel Adonai Elohenu Adonai Echad.</em></p>
<p>VOICES: <em>(Sighing.)</em> So he’s gone. Ah yes. Yes, indeed. Bloom? Never heard of him. No? Queer kind of chap. There’s the widow. That so? Ah, yes.</p>
<p><em>(From the suttee pyre the flame of gum camphire ascends. The pall of incense smoke screens and disperses. Out of her oakframe a nymph with hair unbound, lightly clad in teabrown artcolours, descends from her grotto and passing under interlacing yews stands over Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Their leaves whispering.)</em> Sister. Our sister. Ssh!</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Softly.)</em> Mortal! <em>(Kindly.)</em> Nay, dost not weepest!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Crawls jellily forward under the boughs, streaked by sunlight, with dignity.)</em> This position. I felt it was expected of me. Force of habit.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: Mortal! You found me in evil company, highkickers, coster picnicmakers, pugilists, popular generals, immoral panto boys in fleshtights and the nifty shimmy dancers, La Aurora and Karini, musical act, the hit of the century. I was hidden in cheap pink paper that smelt of rock oil. I was surrounded by the stale smut of clubmen, stories to disturb callow youth, ads for transparencies, truedup dice and bustpads, proprietary articles and why wear a truss with testimonial from ruptured gentleman. Useful hints to the married.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Lifts a turtle head towards her lap.)</em> We have met before. On another star.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Sadly.)</em> Rubber goods. Neverrip brand as supplied to the aristocracy. Corsets for men. I cure fits or money refunded. Unsolicited testimonials for Professor Waldmann’s wonderful chest exuber. My bust developed four inches in three weeks, reports Mrs Gus Rublin with photo.</p>
<p>BLOOM: You mean <em>Photo Bits?</em></p>
<p>THE NYMPH: I do. You bore me away, framed me in oak and tinsel, set me above your marriage couch. Unseen, one summer eve, you kissed me in four places. And with loving pencil you shaded my eyes, my bosom and my shame.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Humbly kisses her long hair.)</em> Your classic curves, beautiful immortal, I was glad to look on you, to praise you, a thing of beauty, almost to pray.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: During dark nights I heard your praise.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quickly.)</em> Yes, yes. You mean that I... Sleep reveals the worst side of everyone, children perhaps excepted. I know I fell out of bed or rather was pushed. Steel wine is said to cure snoring. For the rest there is that English invention, pamphlet of which I received some days ago, incorrectly addressed. It claims to afford a noiseless, inoffensive vent. <em>(He sighs.)</em> ’Twas ever thus. Frailty, thy name is marriage.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Her fingers in her ears.)</em> And words. They are not in my dictionary.</p>
<p>BLOOM: You understood them?</p>
<p>THE YEWS: Ssh!</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Covers her face with her hands.)</em> What have I not seen in that chamber? What must my eyes look down on?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Apologetically.)</em> I know. Soiled personal linen, wrong side up with care. The quoits are loose. From Gibraltar by long sea long ago.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Bends her head.)</em> Worse, worse!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Reflects precautiously.)</em> That antiquated commode. It wasn’t her weight. She scaled just eleven stone nine. She put on nine pounds after weaning. It was a crack and want of glue. Eh? And that absurd orangekeyed utensil which has only one handle.</p>
<p><em>(The sound of a waterfall is heard in bright cascade.)</em></p>
<p>THE WATERFALL:</p>
<p>Poulaphouca Poulaphouca<br />
Poulaphouca Poulaphouca.</p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Mingling their boughs.)</em> Listen. Whisper. She is right, our sister. We grew by Poulaphouca waterfall. We gave shade on languorous summer days.</p>
<p>JOHN WYSE NOLAN: <em>(In the background, in Irish National Forester’s uniform, doffs his plumed hat.)</em> Prosper! Give shade on languorous days, trees of Ireland!</p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Murmuring.)</em> Who came to Poulaphouca with the High School excursion? Who left his nutquesting classmates to seek our shade?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Scared.)</em> High School of Poula? Mnemo? Not in full possession of faculties. Concussion. Run over by tram.</p>
<p>THE ECHO: Sham!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Pigeonbreasted, bottleshouldered, padded, in nondescript juvenile grey and black striped suit, too small for him, white tennis shoes, bordered stockings with turnover tops and a red schoolcap with badge.)</em> I was in my teens, a growing boy. A little then sufficed, a jolting car, the mingling odours of the ladies’ cloakroom and lavatory, the throng penned tight on the old Royal stairs (for they love crushes, instinct of the herd, and the dark sexsmelling theatre unbridles vice), even a pricelist of their hosiery. And then the heat. There were sunspots that summer. End of school. And tipsycake. Halcyon days.</p>
<p><em>(Halcyon days, high school boys in blue and white football jerseys and shorts, Master Donald Turnbull, Master Abraham Chatterton, Master Owen Goldberg, Master Jack Meredith, Master Percy Apjohn, stand in a clearing of the trees and shout to Master Leopold Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>THE HALCYON DAYS: Mackerel! Live us again. Hurray! <em>(They cheer.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hobbledehoy, warmgloved, mammamufflered, starred with spent snowballs, struggles to rise.)</em> Again! I feel sixteen! What a lark! Let’s ring all the bells in Montague street. <em>(He cheers feebly.)</em> Hurray for the High School!</p>
<p>THE ECHO: Fool!</p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Rustling.)</em> She is right, our sister. Whisper. <em>(Whispered kisses are heard in all the wood. Faces of hamadryads peep out from the boles and among the leaves and break, blossoming into bloom.)</em> Who profaned our silent shade?</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Coyly, through parting fingers.)</em> There? In the open air?</p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Sweeping downward.)</em> Sister, yes. And on our virgin sward.</p>
<p>THE WATERFALL:</p>
<p>Poulaphouca Poulaphouca<br />
Phoucaphouca Phoucaphouca.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(With wide fingers.)</em> O, infamy!</p>
<p>BLOOM: I was precocious. Youth. The fauna. I sacrificed to the god of the forest. The flowers that bloom in the spring. It was pairing time. Capillary attraction is a natural phenomenon. Lotty Clarke, flaxenhaired, I saw at her night toilette through illclosed curtains with poor papa’s operaglasses: The wanton ate grass wildly. She rolled downhill at Rialto bridge to tempt me with her flow of animal spirits. She climbed their crooked tree and I... A saint couldn’t resist it. The demon possessed me. Besides, who saw?</p>
<p><em>(Staggering Bob, a whitepolled calf, thrusts a ruminating head with humid nostrils through the foliage.)</em></p>
<p>STAGGERING BOB: (<em>Large teardrops rolling from his prominent eyes, snivels.</em>) Me. Me see.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Simply satisfying a need I... <em>(With pathos.)</em> No girl would when I went girling. Too ugly. They wouldn’t play...</p>
<p><em>(High on Ben Howth through rhododendrons a nannygoat passes, plumpuddered, buttytailed, dropping currants.)</em></p>
<p>THE NANNYGOAT: <em>(Bleats.)</em> Megeggaggegg! Nannannanny!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hatless, flushed, covered with burrs of thistledown and gorsespine.)</em> Regularly engaged. Circumstances alter cases. <em>(He gazes intently downwards on the water.)</em> Thirtytwo head over heels per second. Press nightmare. Giddy Elijah. Fall from cliff. Sad end of government printer’s clerk. <em>(Through silversilent summer air the dummy of Bloom, rolled in a mummy, rolls roteatingly from the Lion’s Head cliff into the purple waiting waters.)</em></p>
<p>THE DUMMYMUMMY: Bbbbblllllblblblblobschbg!</p>
<p><em>(Far out in the bay between Bailey and Kish lights the</em> Erin’s King <em>sails, sending a broadening plume of coalsmoke from her funnel towards the land.)</em></p>
<p>COUNCILLOR NANNETTI: <em>(Alone on deck, in dark alpaca, yellowkitefaced, his hand in his waistcoat opening, declaims.)</em> When my country takes her place among the nations of the earth, then, and not till then, let my epitaph be written. I have...</p>
<p>BLOOM: Done. Prff!</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Loftily.)</em> We immortals, as you saw today, have not such a place and no hair there either. We are stonecold and pure. We eat electric light. <em>(She arches her body in lascivious crispation, placing her forefinger in her mouth.)</em> Spoke to me. Heard from behind. How then could you...?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Pawing the heather abjectly.)</em> O, I have been a perfect pig. Enemas too I have administered. One third of a pint of quassia to which add a tablespoonful of rocksalt. Up the fundament. With Hamilton Long’s syringe, the ladies’ friend.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: In my presence. The powderpuff. <em>(She blushes and makes a knee.)</em> And the rest!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Dejected.)</em> Yes. <em>Peccavi!</em> I have paid homage on that living altar where the back changes name. <em>(With sudden fervour.)</em> For why should the dainty scented jewelled hand, the hand that rules...?</p>
<p><em>(Figures wind serpenting in slow woodland pattern around the treestems, cooeeing.)</em></p>
<p>THE VOICE OF KITTY: <em>(In the thicket.)</em> Show us one of them cushions.</p>
<p>THE VOICE OF FLORRY: Here.</p>
<p><em>(A grouse wings clumsily through the underwood.)</em></p>
<p>THE VOICE OF LYNCH: <em>(In the thicket.)</em> Whew! Piping hot!</p>
<p>THE VOICE OF ZOE: <em>(From the thicket.)</em> Came from a hot place.</p>
<p>THE VOICE OF VIRAG: <em>(A birdchief, bluestreaked and feathered in war panoply with his assegai, striding through a crackling canebrake over beechmast and acorns.)</em> Hot! Hot! Ware Sitting Bull!</p>
<p>BLOOM: It overpowers me. The warm impress of her warm form. Even to sit where a woman has sat, especially with divaricated thighs, as though to grant the last favours, most especially with previously well uplifted white sateen coatpans. So womanly, full. It fills me full.</p>
<p>THE WATERFALL:</p>
<p>Phillaphulla Poulaphouca<br />
Poulaphouca Poulaphouca.</p>
<p>THE YEWS: Ssh! Sister, speak!</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Eyeless, in nun’s white habit, coif and hugewinged wimple, softly, with remote eyes.)</em> Tranquilla convent. Sister Agatha. Mount Carmel. The apparitions of Knock and Lourdes. No more desire. <em>(She reclines her head, sighing.)</em> Only the ethereal. Where dreamy creamy gull waves o’er the waters dull.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom half rises. His back trouserbutton snaps.)</em></p>
<p>THE BUTTON: Bip!</p>
<p><em>(Two sluts of the Coombe dance rainily by, shawled, yelling flatly.)</em></p>
<p>THE SLUTS:</p>
<p>O, Leopold lost the pin of his drawers<br />
He didn’t know what to do,<br />
To keep it up,<br />
To keep it up.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Coldly.)</em> You have broken the spell. The last straw. If there were only ethereal where would you all be, postulants and novices? Shy but willing like an ass pissing.</p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Their silverfoil of leaves precipitating, their skinny arms aging and swaying.)</em> Deciduously!</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Her features hardening, gropes in the folds of her habit.)</em> Sacrilege! To attempt my virtue! <em>(A large moist stain appears on her robe.)</em> Sully my innocence! You are not fit to touch the garment of a pure woman. <em>(She clutches again in her robe.)</em> Wait. Satan, you’ll sing no more lovesongs. Amen. Amen. Amen. Amen. <em>(She draws a poniard and, clad in the sheathmail of an elected knight of nine, strikes at his loins.)</em> Nekum!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Starts up, seizes her hand.)</em> Hoy! Nebrakada! Cat o’ nine lives! Fair play, madam. No pruningknife. The fox and the grapes, is it? What do you lack with your barbed wire? Crucifix not thick enough? <em>(He clutches her veil.)</em> A holy abbot you want or Brophy, the lame gardener, or the spoutless statue of the watercarrier, or good mother Alphonsus, eh Reynard?</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(With a cry flees from him unveiled, her plaster cast cracking, a cloud of stench escaping from the cracks.)</em> Poli...!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Calls after her.)</em> As if you didn’t get it on the double yourselves. No jerks and multiple mucosities all over you. I tried it. Your strength our weakness. What’s our studfee? What will you pay on the nail? You fee mendancers on the Riviera, I read. <em>(The fleeing nymph raises a keen.)</em> Eh? I have sixteen years of black slave labour behind me. And would a jury give me five shillings alimony tomorrow, eh? Fool someone else, not me. <em>(He sniffs.)</em> Rut. Onions. Stale. Sulphur. Grease.</p>
<p><em>(The figure of Bella Cohen stands before him.)</em></p>
<p>BELLA: You’ll know me the next time.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Composed, regards her.) Passée.</em> Mutton dressed as lamb. Long in the tooth and superfluous hair. A raw onion the last thing at night would benefit your complexion. And take some double chin drill. Your eyes are as vapid as the glasseyes of your stuffed fox. They have the dimensions of your other features, that’s all. I’m not a triple screw propeller.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Contemptuously.)</em> You’re not game, in fact. <em>(Her sowcunt barks.)</em> Fbhracht!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Contemptuously.)</em> Clean your nailless middle finger first, your bully’s cold spunk is dripping from your cockscomb. Take a handful of hay and wipe yourself.</p>
<p>BELLA: I know you, canvasser! Dead cod!</p>
<p>BLOOM: I saw him, kipkeeper! Pox and gleet vendor!</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Turns to the piano.)</em> Which of you was playing the dead march from <em>Saul?</em></p>
<p>ZOE: Me. Mind your cornflowers. <em>(She darts to the piano and bangs chords on it with crossed arms.)</em> The cat’s ramble through the slag. <em>(She glances back.)</em> Eh? Who’s making love to my sweeties? <em>(She darts back to the table.)</em> What’s yours is mine and what’s mine is my own.</p>
<p><em>(Kitty, disconcerted, coats her teeth with the silver paper. Bloom approaches Zoe.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Gently.)</em> Give me back that potato, will you?</p>
<p>ZOE: Forfeits, a fine thing and a superfine thing.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With feeling.)</em> It is nothing, but still, a relic of poor mamma.</p>
<p>ZOE:</p>
<p>Give a thing and take it back<br />
God’ll ask you where is that<br />
You’ll say you don’t know<br />
God’ll send you down below.</p>
<p>BLOOM: There is a memory attached to it. I should like to have it.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: To have or not to have that is the question.</p>
<p>ZOE: Here. <em>(She hauls up a reef of her slip, revealing her bare thigh, and unrolls the potato from the top of her stocking.)</em> Those that hides knows where to find.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Frowns.)</em> Here. This isn’t a musical peepshow. And don’t you smash that piano. Who’s paying here?</p>
<p><em>(She goes to the pianola. Stephen fumbles in his pocket and, taking out a banknote by its corner, hands it to her.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(With exaggerated politeness.)</em> This silken purse I made out of the sow’s ear of the public. Madam, excuse me. If you allow me. <em>(He indicates vaguely Lynch and Bloom.)</em> We are all in the same sweepstake, Kinch and Lynch. <em>Dans ce bordel où tenons nostre état</em>.</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Calls from the hearth.)</em> Dedalus! Give her your blessing for me.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Hands Bella a coin.)</em> Gold. She has it.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Looks at the money, then at Stephen, then at Zoe, Florry and Kitty.)</em> Do you want three girls? It’s ten shillings here.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Delightedly.)</em> A hundred thousand apologies. <em>(He fumbles again and takes out and hands her two crowns.)</em> Permit, <em>brevi manu</em>, my sight is somewhat troubled.</p>
<p><em>(Bella goes to the table to count the money while Stephen talks to himself in monosyllables. Zoe bends over the table. Kitty leans over Zoe’s neck. Lynch gets up, rights his cap and, clasping Kitty’s waist, adds his head to the group.)</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Strives heavily to rise.)</em> Ow! My foot’s asleep. <em>(She limps over to the table. Bloom approaches.)</em></p>
<p>BELLA, ZOE, KITTY, LYNCH, BLOOM: <em>(Chattering and squabbling.)</em> The gentleman... ten shillings... paying for the three... allow me a moment... this gentleman pays separate... who’s touching it?... ow! ... mind who you’re pinching... are you staying the night or a short time?... who did?... you’re a liar, excuse me... the gentleman paid down like a gentleman... drink... it’s long after eleven.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(At the pianola, making a gesture of abhorrence.)</em> No bottles! What, eleven? A riddle!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Lifting up her pettigown and folding a half sovereign into the top of her stocking.)</em> Hard earned on the flat of my back.</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Lifting Kitty from the table.)</em> Come!</p>
<p>KITTY: Wait. <em>(She clutches the two crowns.)</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: And me?</p>
<p>LYNCH: Hoopla!</p>
<p><em>(He lifts her, carries her and bumps her down on the sofa.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN:</p>
<p>The fox crew, the cocks flew,<br />
The bells in heaven<br />
Were striking eleven.<br />
’Tis time for her poor soul<br />
To get out of heaven.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quietly lays a half sovereign on the table between Bella and Florry.)</em> So. Allow me. <em>(He takes up the poundnote.)</em> Three times ten. We’re square.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Admiringly.)</em> You’re such a slyboots, old cocky. I could kiss you.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Points.)</em> Him? Deep as a drawwell. <em>(Lynch bends Kitty back over the sofa and kisses her. Bloom goes with the poundnote to Stephen.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: This is yours.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: How is that? <em>Le distrait</em> or absentminded beggar. <em>(He fumbles again in his pocket and draws out a handful of coins. An object falls.)</em> That fell.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Stooping, picks up and hands a box of matches.)</em> This.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Lucifer. Thanks.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quietly.)</em> You had better hand over that cash to me to take care of. Why pay more?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Hands him all his coins.)</em> Be just before you are generous.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I will but is it wise? <em>(He counts.)</em> One, seven, eleven, and five. Six. Eleven. I don’t answer for what you may have lost.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Why striking eleven? Proparoxyton. Moment before the next Lessing says. Thirsty fox. <em>(He laughs loudly.)</em> Burying his grandmother. Probably he killed her.</p>
<p>BLOOM: That is one pound six and eleven. One pound seven, say.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Doesn’t matter a rambling damn.</p>
<p>BLOOM: No, but...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Comes to the table.)</em> Cigarette, please. <em>(Lynch tosses a cigarette from the sofa to the table.)</em> And so Georgina Johnson is dead and married. <em>(A cigarette appears on the table. Stephen looks at it.)</em> Wonder. Parlour magic. Married. Hm. <em>(He strikes a match and proceeds to light the cigarette with enigmatic melancholy.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Watching him.)</em> You would have a better chance of lighting it if you held the match nearer.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Brings the match near his eye.)</em> Lynx eye. Must get glasses. Broke them yesterday. Sixteen years ago. Distance. The eye sees all flat. <em>(He draws the match away. It goes out.)</em> Brain thinks. Near: far. Ineluctable modality of the visible. <em>(He frowns mysteriously.)</em> Hm. Sphinx. The beast that has two backs at midnight. Married.</p>
<p>ZOE: It was a commercial traveller married her and took her away with him.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Nods.)</em> Mr Lambe from London.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Lamb of London, who takest away the sins of our world.</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Embracing Kitty on the sofa, chants deeply.) Dona nobis pacem.</em></p>
<p><em>(The cigarette slips from Stephen’s fingers. Bloom picks it up and throws it in the grate.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Don’t smoke. You ought to eat. Cursed dog I met. <em>(To Zoe.)</em> You have nothing?</p>
<p>ZOE: Is he hungry?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Extends his hand to her smiling and chants to the air of the bloodoath in the</em> Dusk of the Gods.)</p>
<p>Hangende Hunger,<br />
Fragende Frau,<br />
Macht uns alle kaputt.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Tragically.)</em> Hamlet, I am thy father’s gimlet! <em>(She takes his hand.)</em> Blue eyes beauty I’ll read your hand. <em>(She points to his forehead.)</em> No wit, no wrinkles. <em>(She counts.)</em> Two, three, Mars, that’s courage. <em>(Stephen shakes his head.)</em> No kid.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Sheet lightning courage. The youth who could not shiver and shake. <em>(To Zoe.)</em> Who taught you palmistry?</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Turns.)</em> Ask my ballocks that I haven’t got. <em>(To Stephen.)</em> I see it in your face. The eye, like that. <em>(She frowns with lowered head.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Laughing, slaps Kitty behind twice.)</em> Like that. Pandybat.</p>
<p><em>(Twice loudly a pandybat cracks, the coffin of the pianola flies open, the bald little round jack-in-the-box head of Father Dolan springs up.)</em></p>
<p>FATHER DOLAN: Any boy want flogging? Broke his glasses? Lazy idle little schemer. See it in your eye.</p>
<p><em>(Mild, benign, rectorial, reproving, the head of Don John Conmee rises from the pianola coffin.)</em></p>
<p>DON JOHN CONMEE: Now, Father Dolan! Now. I’m sure that Stephen is a very good little boy!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Examining Stephen’s palm.)</em> Woman’s hand.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Murmurs.)</em> Continue. Lie. Hold me. Caress. I never could read His handwriting except His criminal thumbprint on the haddock.</p>
<p>ZOE: What day were you born?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Thursday. Today.</p>
<p>ZOE: Thursday’s child has far to go. <em>(She traces lines on his hand.)</em> Line of fate. Influential friends.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Pointing.)</em> Imagination.</p>
<p>ZOE: Mount of the moon. You’ll meet with a... <em>(She peers at his hands abruptly.)</em> I won’t tell you what’s not good for you. Or do you want to know?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Detaches her fingers and offers his palm.)</em> More harm than good. Here. Read mine.</p>
<p>BELLA: Show. <em>(She turns up Bloom’s hand.)</em> I thought so. Knobby knuckles for the women.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Peering at Bloom’s palm.)</em> Gridiron. Travels beyond the sea and marry money.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Wrong.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Quickly.)</em> O, I see. Short little finger. Henpecked husband. That wrong?</p>
<p><em>(Black Liz, a huge rooster hatching in a chalked circle, rises, stretches her wings and clucks.)</em></p>
<p>BLACK LIZ: Gara. Klook. Klook. Klook.</p>
<p><em>(She sidles from her newlaid egg and waddles off.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Points to his hand.)</em> That weal there is an accident. Fell and cut it twentytwo years ago. I was sixteen.</p>
<p>ZOE: I see, says the blind man. Tell us news.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: See? Moves to one great goal. I am twentytwo. Sixteen years ago he was twentytwo too. Sixteen years ago I twentytwo tumbled. Twentytwo years ago he sixteen fell off his hobbyhorse. <em>(He winces.)</em> Hurt my hand somewhere. Must see a dentist. Money?</p>
<p><em>(Zoe whispers to Florry. They giggle. Bloom releases his hand and writes idly on the table in backhand, pencilling slow curves.)</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: What?</p>
<p><em>(A hackneycar, number three hundred and twentyfour, with a gallantbuttocked mare, driven by James Barton, Harmony Avenue, Donnybrook, trots past. Blazes Boylan and Lenehan sprawl swaying on the sideseats. The Ormond boots crouches behind on the axle. Sadly over the crossblind Lydia Douce and Mina Kennedy gaze.)</em></p>
<p>THE BOOTS: <em>(Jogging, mocks them with thumb and wriggling wormfingers.)</em> Haw haw have you the horn?</p>
<p><em>(Bronze by gold they whisper.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(To Florry.)</em> Whisper.</p>
<p><em>(They whisper again.)</em></p>
<p><em>(Over the well of the car Blazes Boylan leans, his boater straw set sideways, a red flower in his mouth. Lenehan in yachtsman’s cap and white shoes officiously detaches a long hair from Blazes Boylan’s coat shoulder.)</em></p>
<p>LENEHAN: Ho! What do I here behold? Were you brushing the cobwebs off a few quims?</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Sated, smiles.)</em> Plucking a turkey.</p>
<p>LENEHAN: A good night’s work.</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Holding up four thick bluntungulated fingers, winks.)</em> Blazes Kate! Up to sample or your money back. <em>(He holds out a forefinger.)</em> Smell that.</p>
<p>LENEHAN: <em>(Smells gleefully.)</em> Ah! Lobster and mayonnaise. Ah!</p>
<p>ZOE AND FLORRY: <em>(Laugh together.)</em> Ha ha ha ha.</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Jumps surely from the car and calls loudly for all to hear.)</em> Hello, Bloom! Mrs Bloom dressed yet?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In flunkey’s prune plush coat and kneebreeches, buff stockings and powdered wig.)</em> I’m afraid not, sir. The last articles...</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Tosses him sixpence.)</em> Here, to buy yourself a gin and splash. <em>(He hangs his hat smartly on a peg of Bloom’s antlered head.)</em> Show me in. I have a little private business with your wife, you understand?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Thank you, sir. Yes, sir. Madam Tweedy is in her bath, sir.</p>
<p>MARION: He ought to feel himself highly honoured. <em>(She plops splashing out of the water.)</em> Raoul darling, come and dry me. I’m in my pelt. Only my new hat and a carriage sponge.</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(A merry twinkle in his eye.)</em> Topping!</p>
<p>BELLA: What? What is it?</p>
<p><em>(Zoe whispers to her.)</em></p>
<p>MARION: Let him look, the pishogue! Pimp! And scourge himself! I’ll write to a powerful prostitute or Bartholomona, the bearded woman, to raise weals out on him an inch thick and make him bring me back a signed and stamped receipt.</p>
<p>BOYLAN: (Clasps himself.) Here, I can’t hold this little lot much longer. (He strides off on stiff cavalry legs.)</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Ho ho ho ho.</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(To Bloom, over his shoulder.)</em> You can apply your eye to the keyhole and play with yourself while I just go through her a few times.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Thank you, sir. I will, sir. May I bring two men chums to witness the deed and take a snapshot? <em>(He holds out an ointment jar.)</em> Vaseline, sir? Orangeflower...? Lukewarm water...?</p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(From the sofa.)</em> Tell us, Florry. Tell us. What...</p>
<p><em>(Florry whispers to her. Whispering lovewords murmur, liplapping loudly, poppysmic plopslop.)</em></p>
<p>MINA KENNEDY: <em>(Her eyes upturned.)</em> O, it must be like the scent of geraniums and lovely peaches! O, he simply idolises every bit of her! Stuck together! Covered with kisses!</p>
<p>LYDIA DOUCE: <em>(Her mouth opening.)</em> Yumyum. O, he’s carrying her round the room doing it! Ride a cockhorse. You could hear them in Paris and New York. Like mouthfuls of strawberries and cream.</p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Hee hee hee.</p>
<p>BOYLAN’S VOICE: <em>(Sweetly, hoarsely, in the pit of his stomach.)</em> Ah! Godblazeqrukbrukarchkrasht!</p>
<p>MARION’S VOICE: <em>(Hoarsely, sweetly, rising to her throat.)</em> O! Weeshwashtkissinapooisthnapoohuck?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His eyes wildly dilated, clasps himself.)</em> Show! Hide! Show! Plough her! More! Shoot!</p>
<p>BELLA, ZOE, FLORRY, KITTY: Ho ho! Ha ha! Hee hee!</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Points.)</em> The mirror up to nature. <em>(He laughs.)</em> Hu hu hu hu hu!</p>
<p><em>(Stephen and Bloom gaze in the mirror. The face of William Shakespeare, beardless, appears there, rigid in facial paralysis, crowned by the reflection of the reindeer antlered hatrack in the hall.)</em></p>
<p>SHAKESPEARE: <em>(In dignified ventriloquy.)</em> ’Tis the loud laugh bespeaks the vacant mind. <em>(To Bloom.)</em> Thou thoughtest as how thou wastest invisible. Gaze. <em>(He crows with a black capon’s laugh.)</em> Iagogo! How my Oldfellow chokit his Thursdaymornun. Iagogogo!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Smiles yellowly at the three whores.)</em> When will I hear the joke?</p>
<p>ZOE: Before you’re twice married and once a widower.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Lapses are condoned. Even the great Napoleon when measurements were taken next the skin after his death...</p>
<p><em>(Mrs Dignam, widow woman, her snubnose and cheeks flushed with deathtalk, tears and Tunney’s tawny sherry, hurries by in her weeds, her bonnet awry, rouging and powdering her cheeks, lips and nose, a pen chivvying her brood of cygnets. Beneath her skirt appear her late husband’s everyday trousers and turnedup boots, large eights. She holds a Scottish widow’s insurance policy and a large marquee umbrella under which her brood run with her, Patsy hopping on one shod foot, his collar loose, a hank of porksteaks dangling, Freddy whimpering, Susy with a crying cod’s mouth, Alice struggling with the baby. She cuffs them on, her streamers flaunting aloft.)</em></p>
<p>FREDDY: Ah, ma, you’re dragging me along!</p>
<p>SUSY: Mamma, the beeftea is fizzing over!</p>
<p>SHAKESPEARE: <em>(With paralytic rage.)</em> Weda seca whokilla farst.</p>
<p><em>(The face of Martin Cunningham, bearded, refeatures Shakespeare’s beardless face. The marquee umbrella sways drunkenly, the children run aside. Under the umbrella appears Mrs Cunningham in Merry Widow hat and kimono gown. She glides sidling and bowing, twirling japanesily.)</em></p>
<p>MRS CUNNINGHAM: <em>(Sings.)</em></p>
<p>And they call me the jewel of Asia!</p>
<p>MARTIN CUNNINGHAM: <em>(Gazes on her, impassive.)</em> Immense! Most bloody awful demirep!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Et exaltabuntur cornua iusti.</em> Queens lay with prize bulls. Remember Pasiphae for whose lust my grandoldgrossfather made the first confessionbox. Forget not Madam Grissel Steevens nor the suine scions of the house of Lambert. And Noah was drunk with wine. And his ark was open.</p>
<p>BELLA: None of that here. Come to the wrong shop.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Let him alone. He’s back from Paris.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Runs to stephen and links him.)</em> O go on! Give us some parleyvoo.</p>
<p><em>(Stephen claps hat on head and leaps over to the fireplace where he stands with shrugged shoulders, finny hands outspread, a painted smile on his face.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Pommelling on the sofa.)</em> Rmm Rmm Rmm Rrrrrrmmmmm.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Gabbles with marionette jerks.)</em> Thousand places of entertainment to expense your evenings with lovely ladies saling gloves and other things perhaps hers heart beerchops perfect fashionable house very eccentric where lots cocottes beautiful dressed much about princesses like are dancing cancan and walking there parisian clowneries extra foolish for bachelors foreigns the same if talking a poor english how much smart they are on things love and sensations voluptuous. Misters very selects for is pleasure must to visit heaven and hell show with mortuary candles and they tears silver which occur every night. Perfectly shocking terrific of religion’s things mockery seen in universal world. All chic womans which arrive full of modesty then disrobe and squeal loud to see vampire man debauch nun very fresh young with <em>dessous troublants</em>. <em>(He clacks his tongue loudly.)</em> <em>Ho, là là! Ce pif qu’il a!</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>Vive le vampire!</em></p>
<p>THE WHORES: Bravo! Parleyvoo!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Grimacing with head back, laughs loudly, clapping himself.)</em> Great success of laughing. Angels much prostitutes like and holy apostles big damn ruffians. <em>Demimondaines</em> nicely handsome sparkling of diamonds very amiable costumed. Or do you are fond better what belongs they moderns pleasure turpitude of old mans? <em>(He points about him with grotesque gestures which Lynch and the whores reply to.)</em> Caoutchouc statue woman reversible or lifesize tompeeptom of virgins nudities very lesbic the kiss five ten times. Enter, gentleman, to see in mirror every positions trapezes all that machine there besides also if desire act awfully bestial butcher’s boy pollutes in warm veal liver or omlet on the belly <em>pièce de Shakespeare.</em></p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Clapping her belly sinks back on the sofa, with a shout of laughter.)</em> An omelette on the... Ho! ho! ho! ho!... omelette on the...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Mincingly.)</em> I love you, sir darling. Speak you englishman tongue for <em>double entente cordiale.</em> O yes, <em>mon loup</em>. How much cost? Waterloo. Watercloset. <em>(He ceases suddenly and holds up a forefinger.)</em></p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Omelette...</p>
<p>THE WHORES: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Encore! Encore!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Mark me. I dreamt of a watermelon.</p>
<p>ZOE: Go abroad and love a foreign lady.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Across the world for a wife.</p>
<p>FLORRY: Dreams goes by contraries.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Extends his arms.)</em> It was here. Street of harlots. In Serpentine avenue Beelzebub showed me her, a fubsy widow. Where’s the red carpet spread?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Approaching Stephen.)</em> Look...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: No, I flew. My foes beneath me. And ever shall be. World without end. <em>(He cries.) Pater!</em> Free!</p>
<p>BLOOM: I say, look...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Break my spirit, will he? <em>O merde alors! (He cries, his vulture talons sharpened.)</em> Hola! Hillyho!</p>
<p><em>(Simon Dedalus’ voice hilloes in answer, somewhat sleepy but ready.)</em></p>
<p>SIMON: That’s all right. <em>(He swoops uncertainly through the air, wheeling, uttering cries of heartening, on strong ponderous buzzard wings.)</em> Ho, boy! Are you going to win? Hoop! Pschatt! Stable with those halfcastes. Wouldn’t let them within the bawl of an ass. Head up! Keep our flag flying! An eagle gules volant in a field argent displayed. Ulster king at arms! Haihoop! <em>(He makes the beagle’s call, giving tongue.)</em> Bulbul! Burblblburblbl! Hai, boy!</p>
<p><em>(The fronds and spaces of the wallpaper file rapidly across country. A stout fox, drawn from covert, brush pointed, having buried his grandmother, runs swift for the open, brighteyed, seeking badger earth, under the leaves. The pack of staghounds follows, nose to the ground, sniffing their quarry, beaglebaying, burblbrbling to be blooded. Ward Union huntsmen and huntswomen live with them, hot for a kill. From Six Mile Point, Flathouse, Nine Mile Stone follow the footpeople with knotty sticks, hayforks, salmongaffs, lassos, flockmasters with stockwhips, bearbaiters with tomtoms, toreadors with bullswords, grey negroes waving torches. The crowd bawls of dicers, crown and anchor players, thimbleriggers, broadsmen. Crows and touts, hoarse bookies in high wizard hats clamour deafeningly.)</em></p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-20.htm.html_pgepubid00081" class="chapter">
<p>THE CROWD:</p>
<p>Card of the races. Racing card!<br />
Ten to one the field!<br />
Tommy on the clay here! Tommy on the clay!<br />
Ten to one bar one! Ten to one bar one!<br />
Try your luck on Spinning Jenny!<br />
Ten to one bar one!<br />
Sell the monkey, boys! Sell the monkey!<br />
I’ll give ten to one!<br />
Ten to one bar one!</p>
<p><em>(A dark horse, riderless, bolts like a phantom past the winningpost, his mane moonfoaming, his eyeballs stars. The field follows, a bunch of bucking mounts. Skeleton horses, Sceptre, Maximum the Second, Zinfandel, the Duke of Westminster’s Shotover, Repulse, the Duke of Beaufort’s Ceylon, prix de Paris. Dwarfs ride them, rustyarmoured, leaping, leaping in their, in their saddles. Last in a drizzle of rain on a brokenwinded isabelle nag, Cock of the North, the favourite, honey cap, green jacket, orange sleeves, Garrett Deasy up, gripping the reins, a hockeystick at the ready. His nag on spavined whitegaitered feet jogs along the rocky road.)</em></p>
<p>THE ORANGE LODGES: <em>(Jeering.)</em> Get down and push, mister. Last lap! You’ll be home the night!</p>
<p>GARRETT DEASY: <em>(Bolt upright, his nailscraped face plastered with postagestamps, brandishes his hockeystick, his blue eyes flashing in the prism of the chandelier as his mount lopes by at schooling gallop.)</em></p>
<p><em>Per vias rectas!</em></p>
<p><em>(A yoke of buckets leopards all over him and his rearing nag a torrent of mutton broth with dancing coins of carrots, barley, onions, turnips, potatoes.)</em></p>
<p>THE GREEN LODGES: Soft day, sir John! Soft day, your honour!</p>
<p><em>(Private Carr, Private Compton and Cissy Caffrey pass beneath the windows, singing in discord.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: Hark! Our friend noise in the street.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Holds up her hand.)</em> Stop!</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR, PRIVATE COMPTON AND CISSY CAFFREY:</p>
<p>Yet I’ve a sort of a<br />
Yorkshire relish for...</p>
<p>ZOE: That’s me. <em>(She claps her hands.)</em> Dance! Dance! <em>(She runs to the pianola.)</em> Who has twopence?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Who’ll...?</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Handing her coins.)</em> Here.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Cracking his fingers impatiently.)</em> Quick! Quick! Where’s my augur’s rod? <em>(He runs to the piano and takes his ashplant, beating his foot in tripudium.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Turns the drumhandle.)</em> There.</p>
<p><em>(She drops two pennies in the slot. Gold, pink and violet lights start forth. The drum turns purring in low hesitation waltz. Professor Goodwin, in a bowknotted periwig, in court dress, wearing a stained inverness cape, bent in two from incredible age, totters across the room, his hands fluttering. He sits tinily on the pianostool and lifts and beats handless sticks of arms on the keyboard, nodding with damsel’s grace, his bowknot bobbing.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Twirls round herself, heeltapping.)</em> Dance. Anybody here for there? Who’ll dance? Clear the table.</p>
<p><em>(The pianola with changing lights plays in waltz time the prelude of</em> My Girl’s a Yorkshire Girl. <em>Stephen throws his ashplant on the table and seizes Zoe round the waist. Florry and Bella push the table towards the fireplace. Stephen, arming Zoe with exaggerated grace, begins to waltz her round the room. Bloom stands aside. Her sleeve falling from gracing arms, reveals a white fleshflower of vaccination. Between the curtains Professor Maginni inserts a leg on the toepoint of which spins a silk hat. With a deft kick he sends it spinning to his crown and jauntyhatted skates in. He wears a slate frockcoat with claret silk lapels, a gorget of cream tulle, a green lowcut waistcoat, stock collar with white kerchief, tight lavender trousers, patent pumps and canary gloves. In his buttonhole is an immense dahlia. He twirls in reversed directions a clouded cane, then wedges it tight in his oxter. He places a hand lightly on his breastbone, bows, and fondles his flower and buttons.)</em></p>
<p>MAGINNI: The poetry of motion, art of calisthenics. No connection with Madam Legget Byrne’s or Levenston’s. Fancy dress balls arranged. Deportment. The Katty Lanner step. So. Watch me! My terpsichorean abilities. <em>(He minuets forward three paces on tripping bee’s feet.) Tout le monde en avant! Révérence! Tout le monde en place!</em></p>
<p><em>(The prelude ceases. Professor Goodwin, beating vague arms shrivels, sinks, his live cape falling about the stool. The air in firmer waltz time sounds. Stephen and Zoe circle freely. The lights change, glow, fade gold rosy violet.)</em></p>
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<p>Two young fellows were talking about their girls, girls, girls,<br />
Sweethearts they’d left behind...</p>
<p><em>(From a corner the morning hours run out, goldhaired, slimsandalled, in girlish blue, waspwaisted, with innocent hands. Nimbly they dance, twirling their skipping ropes. The hours of noon follow in amber gold. Laughing, linked, high haircombs flashing, they catch the sun in mocking mirrors, lifting their arms.)</em></p>
<p>MAGINNI: <em>(Clipclaps glovesilent hands.) Carré! Avant deux!</em> Breathe evenly! <em>Balance!</em></p>
<p><em>(The morning and noon hours waltz in their places, turning, advancing to each other, shaping their curves, bowing visavis. Cavaliers behind them arch and suspend their arms, with hands descending to, touching, rising from their shoulders.)</em></p>
<p>HOURS: You may touch my.</p>
<p>CAVALIERS: May I touch your?</p>
<p>HOURS: O, but lightly!</p>
<p>CAVALIERS: O, so lightly!</p>
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<p>My little shy little lass has a waist.</p>
<p><em>(Zoe and Stephen turn boldly with looser swing. The twilight hours advance from long landshadows, dispersed, lagging, languideyed, their cheeks delicate with cipria and false faint bloom. They are in grey gauze with dark bat sleeves that flutter in the land breeze.)</em></p>
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Avant huit! Traversé! Salut! Cours de mains! Croisé!</em></p>
<p><em>(The night hours, one by one, steal to the last place. Morning, noon and twilight hours retreat before them. They are masked, with daggered hair and bracelets of dull bells. Weary they curchycurchy under veils.)</em></p>
<p>THE BRACELETS: Heigho! Heigho!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Twirling, her hand to her brow.)</em> O!</p>
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Les tiroirs! Chaîne de dames! La corbeille! Dos à dos!</em></p>
<p><em>(Arabesquing wearily they weave a pattern on the floor, weaving, unweaving, curtseying, twirling, simply swirling.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: I’m giddy!</p>
<p><em>(She frees herself, droops on a chair. Stephen seizes Florry and turns with her.)</em></p>
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Boulangère! Les ronds! Les ponts! Chevaux de bois! Escargots!</em></p>
<p><em>(Twining, receding, with interchanging hands the night hours link each each with arching arms in a mosaic of movements. Stephen and Florry turn cumbrously.)</em></p>
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Dansez avec vos dames! Changez de dames! Donnez le petit bouquet à votre dame! Remerciez!</em></p>
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<p>Best, best of all,<br />
Baraabum!</p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Jumps up.)</em> O, they played that on the hobbyhorses at the <em>Mirus</em> bazaar!</p>
<p><em>(She runs to Stephen. He leaves Florry brusquely and seizes Kitty. A screaming bittern’s harsh high whistle shrieks. Groangrousegurgling Toft’s cumbersome whirligig turns slowly the room right roundabout the room.)</em></p>
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<p>My girl’s a Yorkshire girl.</p>
<p>ZOE:</p>
<p>Yorkshire through and through. Come on all!</p>
<p><em>(She seizes Florry and waltzes her.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Pas seul!</em></p>
<p><em>(He wheels Kitty into Lynch’s arms, snatches up his ashplant from the table and takes the floor. All wheel whirl waltz twirl. Bloombella Kittylynch Florryzoe jujuby women. Stephen with hat ashplant frogsplits in middle highkicks with skykicking mouth shut hand clasp part under thigh. With clang tinkle boomhammer tallyho hornblower blue green yellow flashes Toft’s cumbersome turns with hobbyhorse riders from gilded snakes dangled, bowels fandango leaping spurn soil foot and fall again.)</em></p>
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<p>Though she’s a factory lass<br />
And wears no fancy clothes.</p>
<p><em>(Closeclutched swift swifter with glareblareflare scudding they scootlootshoot lumbering by. Baraabum!)</em></p>
<p>TUTTI: Encore! Bis! Bravo! Encore!</p>
<p>SIMON: Think of your mother’s people!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Dance of death.</p>
<p><em>(Bang fresh barang bang of lacquey’s bell, horse, nag, steer, piglings, Conmee on Christass, lame crutch and leg sailor in cockboat armfolded ropepulling hitching stamp hornpipe through and through. Baraabum! On nags hogs bellhorses Gadarene swine Corny in coffin steel shark stone onehandled Nelson two trickies Frauenzimmer plumstained from pram falling bawling. Gum he’s a champion. Fuseblue peer from barrel rev. evensong Love on hackney jaunt Blazes blind coddoubled bicyclers Dilly with snowcake no fancy clothes. Then in last switchback lumbering up and down bump mashtub sort of viceroy and reine relish for tublumber bumpshire rose. Baraabum!)</em></p>
<p><em>(The couples fall aside. Stephen whirls giddily. Room whirls back. Eyes closed he totters. Red rails fly spacewards. Stars all around suns turn roundabout. Bright midges dance on walls. He stops dead.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: Ho!</p>
<p><em>(Stephen’s mother, emaciated, rises stark through the floor, in leper grey with a wreath of faded orangeblossoms and a torn bridal veil, her face worn and noseless, green with gravemould. Her hair is scant and lank. She fixes her bluecircled hollow eyesockets on Stephen and opens her toothless mouth uttering a silent word. A choir of virgins and confessors sing voicelessly.)</em></p>
<p>THE CHOIR:</p>
<p>Liliata rutilantium te confessorum...<br />
Iubilantium te virginum...</p>
<p><em>(From the top of a tower Buck Mulligan, in particoloured jester’s dress of puce and yellow and clown’s cap with curling bell, stands gaping at her, a smoking buttered split scone in his hand.)</em></p>
<p>BUCK MULLIGAN: She’s beastly dead. The pity of it! Mulligan meets the afflicted mother. <em>(He upturns his eyes.)</em> Mercurial Malachi!</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(With the subtle smile of death’s madness.)</em> I was once the beautiful May Goulding. I am dead.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Horrorstruck.)</em> Lemur, who are you? No. What bogeyman’s trick is this?</p>
<p>BUCK MULLIGAN: <em>(Shakes his curling capbell.)</em> The mockery of it! Kinch dogsbody killed her bitchbody. She kicked the bucket. <em>(Tears of molten butter fall from his eyes on to the scone.)</em> Our great sweet mother! <em>Epi oinopa ponton.</em></p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(Comes nearer, breathing upon him softly her breath of wetted ashes.)</em> All must go through it, Stephen. More women than men in the world. You too. Time will come.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Choking with fright, remorse and horror.)</em> They say I killed you, mother. He offended your memory. Cancer did it, not I. Destiny.</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(A green rill of bile trickling from a side of her mouth.)</em> You sang that song to me. <em>Love’s bitter mystery.</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Eagerly.)</em> Tell me the word, mother, if you know now. The word known to all men.</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: Who saved you the night you jumped into the train at Dalkey with Paddy Lee? Who had pity for you when you were sad among the strangers? Prayer is allpowerful. Prayer for the suffering souls in the Ursuline manual and forty days’ indulgence. Repent, Stephen.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: The ghoul! Hyena!</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: I pray for you in my other world. Get Dilly to make you that boiled rice every night after your brainwork. Years and years I loved you, O, my son, my firstborn, when you lay in my womb.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Fanning herself with the grate fan.)</em> I’m melting!</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Points to Stephen.)</em> Look! He’s white.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Goes to the window to open it more.)</em> Giddy.</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(With smouldering eyes.)</em> Repent! O, the fire of hell!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Panting.)</em> His noncorrosive sublimate! The corpsechewer! Raw head and bloody bones.</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(Her face drawing near and nearer, sending out an ashen breath.)</em> Beware! <em>(She raises her blackened withered right arm slowly towards Stephen’s breast with outstretched finger.)</em> Beware God’s hand! <em>(A green crab with malignant red eyes sticks deep its grinning claws in Stephen’s heart.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Strangled with rage.)</em> Shite! <em>(His features grow drawn and grey and old.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(At the window.)</em> What?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Ah non, par exemple!</em> The intellectual imagination! With me all or not at all. <em>Non serviam!</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: Give him some cold water. Wait. <em>(She rushes out.)</em></p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(Wrings her hands slowly, moaning desperately.)</em> O Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on him! Save him from hell, O Divine Sacred Heart!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: No! No! No! Break my spirit, all of you, if you can! I’ll bring you all to heel!</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(In the agony of her deathrattle.)</em> Have mercy on Stephen, Lord, for my sake! Inexpressible was my anguish when expiring with love, grief and agony on Mount Calvary.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Nothung!</em></p>
<p><em>(He lifts his ashplant high with both hands and smashes the chandelier. Time’s livid final flame leaps and, in the following darkness, ruin of all space, shattered glass and toppling masonry.)</em></p>
<p>THE GASJET: Pwfungg!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Stop!</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Rushes forward and seizes Stephen’s hand.)</em> Here! Hold on! Don’t run amok!</p>
<p>BELLA: Police!</p>
<p><em>(Stephen, abandoning his ashplant, his head and arms thrown back stark, beats the ground and flies from the room, past the whores at the door.)</em></p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Screams.)</em> After him!</p>
<p><em>(The two whores rush to the halldoor. Lynch and Kitty and Zoe stampede from the room. They talk excitedly. Bloom follows, returns.)</em></p>
<p>THE WHORES: <em>(Jammed in the doorway, pointing.)</em> Down there.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Pointing.)</em> There. There’s something up.</p>
<p>BELLA: Who pays for the lamp? <em>(She seizes Bloom’s coattail.)</em> Here, you were with him. The lamp’s broken.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Rushes to the hall, rushes back.)</em> What lamp, woman?</p>
<p>A WHORE: He tore his coat.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Her eyes hard with anger and cupidity, points.)</em> Who’s to pay for that? Ten shillings. You’re a witness.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Snatches up Stephen’s ashplant.)</em> Me? Ten shillings? Haven’t you lifted enough off him? Didn’t he...?</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Loudly.)</em> Here, none of your tall talk. This isn’t a brothel. A ten shilling house.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His head under the lamp, pulls the chain. Pulling, the gasjet lights up a crushed mauve purple shade. He raises the ashplant.)</em> Only the chimney’s broken. Here is all he...</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Shrinks back and screams.)</em> Jesus! Don’t!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Warding off a blow.)</em> To show you how he hit the paper. There’s not sixpenceworth of damage done. Ten shillings!</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(With a glass of water, enters.)</em> Where is he?</p>
<p>BELLA: Do you want me to call the police?</p>
<p>BLOOM: O, I know. Bulldog on the premises. But he’s a Trinity student. Patrons of your establishment. Gentlemen that pay the rent. <em>(He makes a masonic sign.)</em> Know what I mean? Nephew of the vicechancellor. You don’t want a scandal.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Angrily.)</em> Trinity. Coming down here ragging after the boatraces and paying nothing. Are you my commander here or? Where is he? I’ll charge him! Disgrace him, I will! <em>(She shouts.)</em> Zoe! Zoe!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Urgently.)</em> And if it were your own son in Oxford? <em>(Warningly.)</em> I know.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Almost speechless.)</em> Who are. Incog!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(In the doorway.)</em> There’s a row on.</p>
<p>BLOOM: What? Where? <em>(He throws a shilling on the table and starts.)</em> That’s for the chimney. Where? I need mountain air.</p>
<p><em>(He hurries out through the hall. The whores point. Florry follows, spilling water from her tilted tumbler. On the doorstep all the whores clustered talk volubly, pointing to the right where the fog has cleared off. From the left arrives a jingling hackney car. It slows to in front of the house. Bloom at the halldoor perceives Corny Kelleher who is about to dismount from the car with two silent lechers. He averts his face. Bella from within the hall urges on her whores. They blow ickylickysticky yumyum kisses. Corny Kelleher replies with a ghastly lewd smile. The silent lechers turn to pay the jarvey. Zoe and Kitty still point right. Bloom, parting them swiftly, draws his caliph’s hood and poncho and hurries down the steps with sideways face. Incog Haroun al Raschid he flits behind the silent lechers and hastens on by the railings with fleet step of a pard strewing the drag behind him, torn envelopes drenched in aniseed. The ashplant marks his stride. A pack of bloodhounds, led by Hornblower of Trinity brandishing a dogwhip in tallyho cap and an old pair of grey trousers, follows from far, picking up the scent, nearer, baying, panting, at fault, breaking away, throwing their tongues, biting his heels, leaping at his tail. He walks, runs, zigzags, gallops, lugs laid back. He is pelted with gravel, cabbagestumps, biscuitboxes, eggs, potatoes, dead codfish, woman’s slipperslappers. After him freshfound the hue and cry zigzag gallops in hot pursuit of follow my leader: 65 C, 66 C, night watch, John Henry Menton, Wisdom Hely, V. B. Dillon, Councillor Nannetti, Alexander Keyes, Larry O’Rourke, Joe Cuffe, Mrs O’Dowd, Pisser Burke, The Nameless One, Mrs Riordan, The Citizen, Garryowen, Whodoyoucallhim, Strangeface, Fellowthatsolike, Sawhimbefore, Chapwithawen, Chris Callinan, sir Charles Cameron, Benjamin Dollard, Lenehan, Bartell d’Arcy, Joe Hynes, red Murray, editor Brayden, T. M. Healy, Mr Justice Fitzgibbon, John Howard Parnell, the reverend Tinned Salmon, Professor Joly, Mrs Breen, Denis Breen, Theodore Purefoy, Mina Purefoy, the Westland Row postmistress, C. P. M’Coy, friend of Lyons, Hoppy Holohan, maninthestreet, othermaninthestreet, Footballboots, pugnosed driver, rich protestant lady, Davy Byrne, Mrs Ellen M’Guinness, Mrs Joe Gallaher, George Lidwell, Jimmy Henry on corns, Superintendent Laracy, Father Cowley, Crofton out of the Collector-general’s, Dan Dawson, dental surgeon Bloom with tweezers, Mrs Bob Doran, Mrs Kennefick, Mrs Wyse Nolan, John Wyse Nolan, handsomemarriedwomanrubbedagainstwidebehindinClonskea tram, the bookseller of</em> Sweets of Sin, <em>Miss Dubedatandshedidbedad, Mesdames Gerald and Stanislaus Moran of Roebuck, the managing clerk of Drimmie’s, Wetherup, colonel Hayes, Mastiansky, Citron, Penrose, Aaron Figatner, Moses Herzog, Michael E Geraghty, Inspector Troy, Mrs Galbraith, the constable off Eccles street corner, old doctor Brady with stethoscope, the mystery man on the beach, a retriever, Mrs Miriam Dandrade and all her lovers.)</em></p>
<p>THE HUE AND CRY: <em>(Helterskelterpelterwelter.)</em> He’s Bloom! Stop Bloom! Stopabloom! Stopperrobber! Hi! Hi! Stophim on the corner!</p>
<p><em>(At the corner of Beaver street beneath the scaffolding Bloom panting stops on the fringe of the noisy quarrelling knot, a lot not knowing a jot what hi! hi! row and wrangle round the whowhat brawlaltogether.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(With elaborate gestures, breathing deeply and slowly.)</em> You are my guests. Uninvited. By virtue of the fifth of George and seventh of Edward. History to blame. Fabled by mothers of memory.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To Cissy Caffrey.)</em> Was he insulting you?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Addressed her in vocative feminine. Probably neuter. Ungenitive.</p>
<p>VOICES: No, he didn’t. I seen him. The girl there. He was in Mrs Cohen’s. What’s up? Soldier and civilian.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: I was in company with the soldiers and they left me to do—you know, and the young man run up behind me. But I’m faithful to the man that’s treating me though I’m only a shilling whore.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Catches sight of Lynch’s and Kitty’s heads.)</em> Hail, Sisyphus. <em>(He points to himself and the others.)</em> Poetic. Uropoetic.</p>
<p>VOICES: Shes faithfultheman.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: Yes, to go with him. And me with a soldier friend.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: He doesn’t half want a thick ear, the blighter. Biff him one, Harry.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To Cissy.)</em> Was he insulting you while me and him was having a piss?</p>
<p>LORD TENNYSON: <em>(Gentleman poet in Union Jack blazer and cricket flannels, bareheaded, flowingbearded.)</em> Theirs not to reason why.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Biff him, Harry.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(To Private Compton.)</em> I don’t know your name but you are quite right. Doctor Swift says one man in armour will beat ten men in their shirts. Shirt is synechdoche. Part for the whole.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(To the crowd.)</em> No, I was with the privates.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Amiably.)</em> Why not? The bold soldier boy. In my opinion every lady for example...</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(His cap awry, advances to Stephen.)</em> Say, how would it be, governor, if I was to bash in your jaw?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Looks up to the sky.)</em> How? Very unpleasant. Noble art of selfpretence. Personally, I detest action. <em>(He waves his hand.)</em> Hand hurts me slightly. <em>Enfin ce sont vos oignons.</em> <em>(To Cissy Caffrey.)</em> Some trouble is on here. What is it precisely?</p>
<p>DOLLY GRAY: <em>(From her balcony waves her handkerchief, giving the sign of the heroine of Jericho.)</em> Rahab. Cook’s son, goodbye. Safe home to Dolly. Dream of the girl you left behind and she will dream of you.</p>
<p><em>(The soldiers turn their swimming eyes.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Elbowing through the crowd, plucks Stephen’s sleeve vigorously.)</em> Come now, professor, that carman is waiting.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Turns.)</em> Eh? <em>(He disengages himself.)</em> Why should I not speak to him or to any human being who walks upright upon this oblate orange? <em>(He points his finger.)</em> I’m not afraid of what I can talk to if I see his eye. Retaining the perpendicular.</p>
<p><em>(He staggers a pace back.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Propping him.)</em> Retain your own.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Laughs emptily.)</em> My centre of gravity is displaced. I have forgotten the trick. Let us sit down somewhere and discuss. Struggle for life is the law of existence but but human philirenists, notably the tsar and the king of England, have invented arbitration. <em>(He taps his brow.)</em> But in here it is I must kill the priest and the king.</p>
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: Did you hear what the professor said? He’s a professor out of the college.</p>
<p>CUNTY KATE: I did. I heard that.</p>
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: He expresses himself with such marked refinement of phraseology.</p>
<p>CUNTY KATE: Indeed, yes. And at the same time with such apposite trenchancy.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Pulls himself free and comes forward.)</em> What’s that you’re saying about my king?</p>
<p><em>(Edward the Seventh appears in an archway. He wears a white jersey on which an image of the Sacred Heart is stitched with the insignia of Garter and Thistle, Golden Fleece, Elephant of Denmark, Skinner’s and Probyn’s horse, Lincoln’s Inn bencher and ancient and honourable artillery company of Massachusetts. He sucks a red jujube. He is robed as a grand elect perfect and sublime mason with trowel and apron, marked</em> made in Germany. <em>In his left hand he holds a plasterer’s bucket on which is printed</em> Défense d’uriner. <em>A roar of welcome greets him.)</em></p>
<p>EDWARD THE SEVENTH: <em>(Slowly, solemnly but indistinctly.)</em> Peace, perfect peace. For identification, bucket in my hand. Cheerio, boys. <em>(He turns to his subjects.)</em> We have come here to witness a clean straight fight and we heartily wish both men the best of good luck. Mahak makar a bak.</p>
<p><em>(He shakes hands with Private Carr, Private Compton, Stephen, Bloom and Lynch. General applause. Edward the Seventh lifts his bucket graciously in acknowledgment.)</em></p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To Stephen.)</em> Say it again.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Nervous, friendly, pulls himself up.)</em> I understand your point of view though I have no king myself for the moment. This is the age of patent medicines. A discussion is difficult down here. But this is the point. You die for your country. Suppose. <em>(He places his arm on Private Carr’s sleeve.)</em> Not that I wish it for you. But I say: Let my country die for me. Up to the present it has done so. I didn’t want it to die. Damn death. Long live life!</p>
<p>EDWARD THE SEVENTH: <em>(Levitates over heaps of slain, in the garb and with the halo of Joking Jesus, a white jujube in his phosphorescent face.)</em></p>
<p>My methods are new and are causing surprise.<br />
To make the blind see I throw dust in their eyes.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Kings and unicorns! <em>(He falls back a pace.)</em> Come somewhere and we’ll... What was that girl saying?...</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Eh, Harry, give him a kick in the knackers. Stick one into Jerry.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To the privates, softly.)</em> He doesn’t know what he’s saying. Taken a little more than is good for him. Absinthe. Greeneyed monster. I know him. He’s a gentleman, a poet. It’s all right.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Nods, smiling and laughing.)</em> Gentleman, patriot, scholar and judge of impostors.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: I don’t give a bugger who he is.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: We don’t give a bugger who he is.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: I seem to annoy them. Green rag to a bull.</p>
<p><em>(Kevin Egan of Paris in black Spanish tasselled shirt and peep-o’-day boy’s hat signs to Stephen.)</em></p>
<p>KEVIN EGAN: H’lo! <em>Bonjour!</em> The <em>vieille ogresse</em> with the <em>dents jaunes</em>.</p>
<p><em>(Patrice Egan peeps from behind, his rabbitface nibbling a quince leaf.)</em></p>
<p>PATRICE: <em>Socialiste!</em></p>
<p>DON EMILE PATRIZIO FRANZ RUPERT POPE HENNESSY: <em>(In medieval hauberk, two wild geese volant on his helm, with noble indignation points a mailed hand against the privates.)</em> Werf those eykes to footboden, big grand porcos of johnyellows todos covered of gravy!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To Stephen.)</em> Come home. You’ll get into trouble.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Swaying.)</em> I don’t avoid it. He provokes my intelligence.</p>
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: One immediately observes that he is of patrician lineage.</p>
<p>THE VIRAGO: Green above the red, says he. Wolfe Tone.</p>
<p>THE BAWD: The red’s as good as the green. And better. Up the soldiers! Up King Edward!</p>
<p>A ROUGH: <em>(Laughs.)</em> Ay! Hands up to De Wet.</p>
<p>THE CITIZEN: <em>(With a huge emerald muffler and shillelagh, calls.)</em></p>
<p>May the God above<br />
Send down a dove<br />
With teeth as sharp as razors<br />
To slit the throats<br />
Of the English dogs<br />
That hanged our Irish leaders.</p>
<p>THE CROPPY BOY: <em>(The ropenoose round his neck, gripes in his issuing bowels with both hands.)</em></p>
<p>I bear no hate to a living thing,<br />
But I love my country beyond the king.</p>
<p>RUMBOLD, DEMON BARBER: <em>(Accompanied by two blackmasked assistants, advances with gladstone bag which he opens.)</em> Ladies and gents, cleaver purchased by Mrs Pearcy to slay Mogg. Knife with which Voisin dismembered the wife of a compatriot and hid remains in a sheet in the cellar, the unfortunate female’s throat being cut from ear to ear. Phial containing arsenic retrieved from body of Miss Barron which sent Seddon to the gallows.</p>
<p><em>(He jerks the rope. The assistants leap at the victim’s legs and drag him downward, grunting: the croppy boy’s tongue protrudes violently.)</em></p>
<p>THE CROPPY BOY:</p>
<p>Horhot ho hray hor hother’s hest.</p>
<p><em>(He gives up the ghost. A violent erection of the hanged sends gouts of sperm spouting through his deathclothes on to the cobblestones. Mrs Bellingham, Mrs Yelverton Barry and the Honourable Mrs Mervyn Talboys rush forward with their handkerchiefs to sop it up.)</em></p>
<p>RUMBOLD: I’m near it myself. <em>(He undoes the noose.)</em> Rope which hanged the awful rebel. Ten shillings a time. As applied to Her Royal Highness. <em>(He plunges his head into the gaping belly of the hanged and draws out his head again clotted with coiled and smoking entrails.)</em> My painful duty has now been done. God save the king!</p>
<p>EDWARD THE SEVENTH: <em>(Dances slowly, solemnly, rattling his bucket, and sings with soft contentment.)</em></p>
<p>On coronation day, on coronation day,<br />
O, won’t we have a merry time,<br />
Drinking whisky, beer and wine!</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: Here. What are you saying about my king?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Throws up his hands.)</em> O, this is too monotonous! Nothing. He wants my money and my life, though want must be his master, for some brutish empire of his. Money I haven’t. <em>(He searches his pockets vaguely.)</em> Gave it to someone.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: Who wants your bleeding money?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Tries to move off.)</em> Will someone tell me where I am least likely to meet these necessary evils? <em>Ça se voit aussi à Paris.</em> Not that I... But, by Saint Patrick...!</p>
<p><em>(The women’s heads coalesce. Old Gummy Granny in sugarloaf hat appears seated on a toadstool, the deathflower of the potato blight on her breast.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: Aha! I know you, gammer! Hamlet, revenge! The old sow that eats her farrow!</p>
<p>OLD GUMMY GRANNY: <em>(Rocking to and fro.)</em> Ireland’s sweetheart, the king of Spain’s daughter, alanna. Strangers in my house, bad manners to them! <em>(She keens with banshee woe.)</em> Ochone! Ochone! Silk of the kine! <em>(She wails.)</em> You met with poor old Ireland and how does she stand?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: How do I stand you? The hat trick! Where’s the third person of the Blessed Trinity? Soggarth Aroon? The reverend Carrion Crow.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Shrill.)</em> Stop them from fighting!</p>
<p>A ROUGH: Our men retreated.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Tugging at his belt.)</em> I’ll wring the neck of any fucker says a word against my fucking king.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Terrified.)</em> He said nothing. Not a word. A pure misunderstanding.</p>
<p>THE CITIZEN: <em>Erin go bragh!</em></p>
<p><em>(Major Tweedy and the Citizen exhibit to each other medals, decorations, trophies of war, wounds. Both salute with fierce hostility.)</em></p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Go it, Harry. Do him one in the eye. He’s a proboer.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Did I? When?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To the redcoats.)</em> We fought for you in South Africa, Irish missile troops. Isn’t that history? Royal Dublin Fusiliers. Honoured by our monarch.</p>
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Staggering past.)</em> O, yes! O God, yes! O, make the kwawr a krowawr! O! Bo!</p>
<p><em>(Casqued halberdiers in armour thrust forward a pentice of gutted spearpoints. Major Tweedy, moustached like Turko the terrible, in bearskin cap with hackleplume and accoutrements, with epaulettes, gilt chevrons and sabretaches, his breast bright with medals, toes the line. He gives the pilgrim warrior’s sign of the knights templars.)</em></p>
<p>MAJOR TWEEDY: <em>(Growls gruffly.)</em> Rorke’s Drift! Up, guards, and at them! Mahar shalal hashbaz.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: I’ll do him in.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Waves the crowd back.)</em> Fair play, here. Make a bleeding butcher’s shop of the bugger.</p>
<p><em>(Massed bands blare</em> Garryowen <em>and</em> God save the King.)</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: They’re going to fight. For me!</p>
<p>CUNTY KATE: The brave and the fair.</p>
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: Methinks yon sable knight will joust it with the best.</p>
<p>CUNTY KATE: <em>(Blushing deeply.)</em> Nay, madam. The gules doublet and merry saint George for me!</p>
<p>STEPHEN:</p>
<p>The harlot’s cry from street to street<br />
Shall weave Old Ireland’s windingsheet.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Loosening his belt, shouts.)</em> I’ll wring the neck of any fucking bastard says a word against my bleeding fucking king.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shakes Cissy Caffrey’s shoulders.)</em> Speak, you! Are you struck dumb? You are the link between nations and generations. Speak, woman, sacred lifegiver!</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Alarmed, seizes Private Carr’s sleeve.)</em> Amn’t I with you? Amn’t I your girl? Cissy’s your girl. <em>(She cries.)</em> Police!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Ecstatically, to Cissy Caffrey.)</em></p>
<p>White thy fambles, red thy gan<br />
And thy quarrons dainty is.</p>
<p>VOICES: Police!</p>
<p>DISTANT VOICES: Dublin’s burning! Dublin’s burning! On fire, on fire!</p>
<p><em>(Brimstone fires spring up. Dense clouds roll past. Heavy Gatling guns boom. Pandemonium. Troops deploy. Gallop of hoofs. Artillery. Hoarse commands. Bells clang. Backers shout. Drunkards bawl. Whores screech. Foghorns hoot. Cries of valour. Shrieks of dying. Pikes clash on cuirasses. Thieves rob the slain. Birds of prey, winging from the sea, rising from marshlands, swooping from eyries, hover screaming, gannets, cormorants, vultures, goshawks, climbing woodcocks, peregrines, merlins, blackgrouse, sea eagles, gulls, albatrosses, barnacle geese. The midnight sun is darkened. The earth trembles. The dead of Dublin from Prospect and Mount Jerome in white sheepskin overcoats and black goatfell cloaks arise and appear to many. A chasm opens with a noiseless yawn. Tom Rochford, winner, in athlete’s singlet and breeches, arrives at the head of the national hurdle handicap and leaps into the void. He is followed by a race of runners and leapers. In wild attitudes they spring from the brink. Their bodies plunge. Factory lasses with fancy clothes toss redhot Yorkshire baraabombs. Society ladies lift their skirts above their heads to protect themselves. Laughing witches in red cutty sarks ride through the air on broomsticks. Quakerlyster plasters blisters. It rains dragons’ teeth. Armed heroes spring up from furrows. They exchange in amity the pass of knights of the red cross and fight duels with cavalry sabres: Wolfe Tone against Henry Grattan, Smith O’Brien against Daniel O’Connell, Michael Davitt against Isaac Butt, Justin M’Carthy against Parnell, Arthur Griffith against John Redmond, John O’Leary against Lear O’Johnny, Lord Edward Fitzgerald against Lord Gerald Fitzedward, The O’Donoghue of the Glens against The Glens of The O’Donoghue. On an eminence, the centre of the earth, rises the fieldaltar of Saint Barbara. Black candles rise from its gospel and epistle horns. From the high barbacans of the tower two shafts of light fall on the smokepalled altarstone. On the altarstone Mrs Mina Purefoy, goddess of unreason, lies, naked, fettered, a chalice resting on her swollen belly. Father Malachi O’Flynn in a lace petticoat and reversed chasuble, his two left feet back to the front, celebrates camp mass. The Reverend Mr Hugh C Haines Love M. A. in a plain cassock and mortarboard, his head and collar back to the front, holds over the celebrant’s head an open umbrella.)</em></p>
<p>FATHER MALACHI O’FLYNN: <em>Introibo ad altare diaboli.</em></p>
<p>THE REVEREND MR HAINES LOVE: To the devil which hath made glad my young days.</p>
<p>FATHER MALACHI O’FLYNN: <em>(Takes from the chalice and elevates a blooddripping host.) Corpus meum.</em></p>
<p>THE REVEREND MR HAINES LOVE: <em>(Raises high behind the celebrant’s petticoat, revealing his grey bare hairy buttocks between which a carrot is stuck.)</em> My body.</p>
<p>THE VOICE OF ALL THE DAMNED: Htengier Tnetopinmo Dog Drol eht rof, Aiulella!</p>
<p><em>(From on high the voice of Adonai calls.)</em></p>
<p>ADONAI: Dooooooooooog!</p>
<p>THE VOICE OF ALL THE BLESSED: Alleluia, for the Lord God Omnipotent reigneth!</p>
<p><em>(From on high the voice of Adonai calls.)</em></p>
<p>ADONAI: Goooooooooood!</p>
<p><em>(In strident discord peasants and townsmen of Orange and Green factions sing</em> Kick the Pope <em>and</em> Daily, daily sing to Mary.)</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(With ferocious articulation.)</em> I’ll do him in, so help me fucking Christ! I’ll wring the bastard fucker’s bleeding blasted fucking windpipe!</p>
<p><em>(The retriever, nosing on the fringe of the crowd, barks noisily.)</em></p>
<p>OLD GUMMY GRANNY: <em>(Thrusts a dagger towards Stephen’s hand.)</em> Remove him, acushla. At 8.35 a.m. you will be in heaven and Ireland will be free. <em>(She prays.)</em> O good God, take him!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Runs to Lynch.)</em> Can’t you get him away?</p>
<p>LYNCH: He likes dialectic, the universal language. Kitty! <em>(To Bloom.)</em> Get him away, you. He won’t listen to me.</p>
<p><em>(He drags Kitty away.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Points.) Exit Judas. Et laqueo se suspendit.</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Runs to Stephen.)</em> Come along with me now before worse happens. Here’s your stick.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Stick, no. Reason. This feast of pure reason.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Pulling Private Carr.)</em> Come on, you’re boosed. He insulted me but I forgive him. <em>(Shouting in his ear.)</em> I forgive him for insulting me.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Over Stephen’s shoulder.)</em> Yes, go. You see he’s incapable.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Breaks loose.)</em> I’ll insult him.</p>
<p><em>(He rushes towards Stephen, fist outstretched, and strikes him in the face. Stephen totters, collapses, falls, stunned. He lies prone, his face to the sky, his hat rolling to the wall. Bloom follows and picks it up.)</em></p>
<p>MAJOR TWEEDY: <em>(Loudly.)</em> Carbine in bucket! Cease fire! Salute!</p>
<p>THE RETRIEVER: <em>(Barking furiously.)</em> Ute ute ute ute ute ute ute ute.</p>
<p>THE CROWD: Let him up! Don’t strike him when he’s down! Air! Who? The soldier hit him. He’s a professor. Is he hurted? Don’t manhandle him! He’s fainted!</p>
<p>A HAG: What call had the redcoat to strike the gentleman and he under the influence. Let them go and fight the Boers!</p>
<p>THE BAWD: Listen to who’s talking! Hasn’t the soldier a right to go with his girl? He gave him the coward’s blow.</p>
<p><em>(They grab at each other’s hair, claw at each other and spit.)</em></p>
<p>THE RETRIEVER: <em>(Barking.)</em> Wow wow wow.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shoves them back, loudly.)</em> Get back, stand back!</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Tugging his comrade.)</em> Here. Bugger off, Harry. Here’s the cops! <em>(Two raincaped watch, tall, stand in the group.)</em></p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: What’s wrong here?</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: We were with this lady. And he insulted us. And assaulted my chum. <em>(The retriever barks.)</em> Who owns the bleeding tyke?</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(With expectation.)</em> Is he bleeding!</p>
<p>A MAN: <em>(Rising from his knees.)</em> No. Gone off. He’ll come to all right.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Glances sharply at the man.)</em> Leave him to me. I can easily...</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: Who are you? Do you know him?</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Lurches towards the watch.)</em> He insulted my lady friend.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Angrily.)</em> You hit him without provocation. I’m a witness. Constable, take his regimental number.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: I don’t want your instructions in the discharge of my duty.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Pulling his comrade.)</em> Here, bugger off Harry. Or Bennett’ll shove you in the lockup.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Staggering as he is pulled away.)</em> God fuck old Bennett. He’s a whitearsed bugger. I don’t give a shit for him.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Takes out his notebook.)</em> What’s his name?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Peering over the crowd.)</em> I just see a car there. If you give me a hand a second, sergeant...</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Name and address.</p>
<p><em>(Corny Kelleher, weepers round his hat, a death wreath in his hand, appears among the bystanders.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quickly.)</em> O, the very man! <em>(He whispers.)</em> Simon Dedalus’ son. A bit sprung. Get those policemen to move those loafers back.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: Night, Mr Kelleher.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(To the watch, with drawling eye.)</em> That’s all right. I know him. Won a bit on the races. Gold cup. Throwaway. <em>(He laughs.)</em> Twenty to one. Do you follow me?</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Turns to the crowd.)</em> Here, what are you all gaping at? Move on out of that.</p>
<p><em>(The crowd disperses slowly, muttering, down the lane.)</em></p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Leave it to me, sergeant. That’ll be all right. <em>(He laughs, shaking his head.)</em> We were often as bad ourselves, ay or worse. What? Eh, what?</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Laughs.)</em> I suppose so.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Nudges the second watch.)</em> Come and wipe your name off the slate. <em>(He lilts, wagging his head.)</em> With my tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom. What, eh, do you follow me?</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Genially.)</em> Ah, sure we were too.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Winking.)</em> Boys will be boys. I’ve a car round there.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: All right, Mr Kelleher. Good night.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: I’ll see to that.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shakes hands with both of the watch in turn.)</em> Thank you very much, gentlemen. Thank you. <em>(He mumbles confidentially.)</em> We don’t want any scandal, you understand. Father is a wellknown highly respected citizen. Just a little wild oats, you understand.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: O. I understand, sir.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: That’s all right, sir.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: It was only in case of corporal injuries I’d have to report it at the station.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Nods rapidly.)</em> Naturally. Quite right. Only your bounden duty.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: It’s our duty.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Good night, men.</p>
<p>THE WATCH: <em>(Saluting together.)</em> Night, gentlemen. <em>(They move off with slow heavy tread.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Blows.)</em> Providential you came on the scene. You have a car?...</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Laughs, pointing his thumb over his right shoulder to the car brought up against the scaffolding.)</em> Two commercials that were standing fizz in Jammet’s. Like princes, faith. One of them lost two quid on the race. Drowning his grief. And were on for a go with the jolly girls. So I landed them up on Behan’s car and down to nighttown.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I was just going home by Gardiner street when I happened to...</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Laughs.)</em> Sure they wanted me to join in with the mots. No, by God, says I. Not for old stagers like myself and yourself. <em>(He laughs again and leers with lacklustre eye.)</em> Thanks be to God we have it in the house, what, eh, do you follow me? Hah, hah, hah!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Tries to laugh.)</em> He, he, he! Yes. Matter of fact I was just visiting an old friend of mine there, Virag, you don’t know him (poor fellow, he’s laid up for the past week) and we had a liquor together and I was just making my way home...</p>
<p><em>(The horse neighs.)</em></p>
<p>THE HORSE: Hohohohohohoh! Hohohohome!</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Sure it was Behan our jarvey there that told me after we left the two commercials in Mrs Cohen’s and I told him to pull up and got off to see. <em>(He laughs.)</em> Sober hearsedrivers a speciality. Will I give him a lift home? Where does he hang out? Somewhere in Cabra, what?</p>
<p>BLOOM: No, in Sandycove, I believe, from what he let drop.</p>
<p><em>(Stephen, prone, breathes to the stars. Corny Kelleher, asquint, drawls at the horse. Bloom, in gloom, looms down.)</em></p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Scratches his nape.)</em> Sandycove! <em>(He bends down and calls to Stephen.)</em> Eh! <em>(He calls again.)</em> Eh! He’s covered with shavings anyhow. Take care they didn’t lift anything off him.</p>
<p>BLOOM: No, no, no. I have his money and his hat here and stick.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Ah, well, he’ll get over it. No bones broken. Well, I’ll shove along. <em>(He laughs.)</em> I’ve a rendezvous in the morning. Burying the dead. Safe home!</p>
<p>THE HORSE: <em>(Neighs.)</em> Hohohohohome.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Good night. I’ll just wait and take him along in a few...</p>
<p><em>(Corny Kelleher returns to the outside car and mounts it. The horse harness jingles.)</em></p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(From the car, standing.)</em> Night.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Night.</p>
<p><em>(The jarvey chucks the reins and raises his whip encouragingly. The car and horse back slowly, awkwardly, and turn. Corny Kelleher on the sideseat sways his head to and fro in sign of mirth at Bloom’s plight. The jarvey joins in the mute pantomimic merriment nodding from the farther seat. Bloom shakes his head in mute mirthful reply. With thumb and palm Corny Kelleher reassures that the two bobbies will allow the sleep to continue for what else is to be done. With a slow nod Bloom conveys his gratitude as that is exactly what Stephen needs. The car jingles tooraloom round the corner of the tooraloom lane. Corny Kelleher again reassuralooms with his hand. Bloom with his hand assuralooms Corny Kelleher that he is reassuraloomtay. The tinkling hoofs and jingling harness grow fainter with their tooralooloo looloo lay. Bloom, holding in his hand Stephen’s hat, festooned with shavings, and ashplant, stands irresolute. Then he bends to him and shakes him by the shoulder.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Eh! Ho! <em>(There is no answer; he bends again.)</em> Mr Dedalus! <em>(There is no answer.)</em> The name if you call. Somnambulist. <em>(He bends again and, hesitating, brings his mouth near the face of the prostrate form.)</em> Stephen! <em>(There is no answer. He calls again.)</em> Stephen!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Groans.)</em> Who? Black panther. Vampire. <em>(He sighs and stretches himself, then murmurs thickly with prolonged vowels.)</em></p>
<p>Who... drive... Fergus now<br />
And pierce... wood’s woven shade?...</p>
<p><em>(He turns on his left side, sighing, doubling himself together.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Poetry. Well educated. Pity. <em>(He bends again and undoes the buttons of Stephen’s waistcoat.)</em> To breathe. <em>(He brushes the woodshavings from Stephen’s clothes with light hand and fingers.)</em> One pound seven. Not hurt anyhow. <em>(He listens.)</em> What?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Murmurs.)</em></p>
<p>... shadows... the woods<br />
... white breast... dim sea.</p>
<p><em>(He stretches out his arms, sighs again and curls his body. Bloom, holding the hat and ashplant, stands erect. A dog barks in the distance. Bloom tightens and loosens his grip on the ashplant. He looks down on Stephen’s face and form.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Communes with the night.)</em> Face reminds me of his poor mother. In the shady wood. The deep white breast. Ferguson, I think I caught. A girl. Some girl. Best thing could happen him. <em>(He murmurs.)</em>... swear that I will always hail, ever conceal, never reveal, any part or parts, art or arts... <em>(He murmurs.)</em>... in the rough sands of the sea... a cabletow’s length from the shore... where the tide ebbs... and flows ...</p>
<p><em>(Silent, thoughtful, alert he stands on guard, his fingers at his lips in the attitude of secret master. Against the dark wall a figure appears slowly, a fairy boy of eleven, a changeling, kidnapped, dressed in an Eton suit with glass shoes and a little bronze helmet, holding a book in his hand. He reads from right to left inaudibly, smiling, kissing the page.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Wonderstruck, calls inaudibly.)</em> Rudy!</p>
<p>RUDY: <em>(Gazes, unseeing, into Bloom’s eyes and goes on reading, kissing, smiling. He has a delicate mauve face. On his suit he has diamond and ruby buttons. In his free left hand he holds a slim ivory cane with a violet bowknot. A white lambkin peeps out of his waistcoat pocket.)</em></p>
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<h2><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-21.htm.html_part03"></span>— III —</h2>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-22.htm.html_chap16"></span>[ 16 ]</h3>
<p>Preparatory to anything else Mr Bloom brushed off the greater bulk of the shavings and handed Stephen the hat and ashplant and bucked him up generally in orthodox Samaritan fashion which he very badly needed. His (Stephen’s) mind was not exactly what you would call wandering but a bit unsteady and on his expressed desire for some beverage to drink Mr Bloom in view of the hour it was and there being no pump of Vartry water available for their ablutions let alone drinking purposes hit upon an expedient by suggesting, off the reel, the propriety of the cabman’s shelter, as it was called, hardly a stonesthrow away near Butt bridge where they might hit upon some drinkables in the shape of a milk and soda or a mineral. But how to get there was the rub. For the nonce he was rather nonplussed but inasmuch as the duty plainly devolved upon him to take some measures on the subject he pondered suitable ways and means during which Stephen repeatedly yawned. So far as he could see he was rather pale in the face so that it occurred to him as highly advisable to get a conveyance of some description which would answer in their then condition, both of them being e.d.ed, particularly Stephen, always assuming that there was such a thing to be found. Accordingly after a few such preliminaries as brushing, in spite of his having forgotten to take up his rather soapsuddy handkerchief after it had done yeoman service in the shaving line, they both walked together along Beaver street or, more properly, lane as far as the farrier’s and the distinctly fetid atmosphere of the livery stables at the corner of Montgomery street where they made tracks to the left from thence debouching into Amiens street round by the corner of Dan Bergin’s. But as he confidently anticipated there was not a sign of a Jehu plying for hire anywhere to be seen except a fourwheeler, probably engaged by some fellows inside on the spree, outside the North Star hotel and there was no symptom of its budging a quarter of an inch when Mr Bloom, who was anything but a professional whistler, endeavoured to hail it by emitting a kind of a whistle, holding his arms arched over his head, twice.</p>
<p>This was a quandary but, bringing common sense to bear on it, evidently there was nothing for it but put a good face on the matter and foot it which they accordingly did. So, bevelling around by Mullett’s and the Signal House which they shortly reached, they proceeded perforce in the direction of Amiens street railway terminus, Mr Bloom being handicapped by the circumstance that one of the back buttons of his trousers had, to vary the timehonoured adage, gone the way of all buttons though, entering thoroughly into the spirit of the thing, he heroically made light of the mischance. So as neither of them were particularly pressed for time, as it happened, and the temperature refreshing since it cleared up after the recent visitation of Jupiter Pluvius, they dandered along past by where the empty vehicle was waiting without a fare or a jarvey. As it so happened a Dublin United Tramways Company’s sandstrewer happened to be returning and the elder man recounted to his companion <em>à propos</em> of the incident his own truly miraculous escape of some little while back. They passed the main entrance of the Great Northern railway station, the starting point for Belfast, where of course all traffic was suspended at that late hour and passing the backdoor of the morgue (a not very enticing locality, not to say gruesome to a degree, more especially at night) ultimately gained the Dock Tavern and in due course turned into Store street, famous for its C division police station. Between this point and the high at present unlit warehouses of Beresford place Stephen thought to think of Ibsen, associated with Baird’s the stonecutter’s in his mind somehow in Talbot place, first turning on the right, while the other who was acting as his <em>fidus Achates</em> inhaled with internal satisfaction the smell of James Rourke’s city bakery, situated quite close to where they were, the very palatable odour indeed of our daily bread, of all commodities of the public the primary and most indispensable. Bread, the staff of life, earn your bread, O tell me where is fancy bread, at Rourke’s the baker’s it is said.</p>
<p><em>En route</em> to his taciturn and, not to put too fine a point on it, not yet perfectly sober companion Mr Bloom who at all events was in complete possession of his faculties, never more so, in fact disgustingly sober, spoke a word of caution <em>re</em> the dangers of nighttown, women of ill fame and swell mobsmen, which, barely permissible once in a while though not as a habitual practice, was of the nature of a regular deathtrap for young fellows of his age particularly if they had acquired drinking habits under the influence of liquor unless you knew a little jiujitsu for every contingency as even a fellow on the broad of his back could administer a nasty kick if you didn’t look out. Highly providential was the appearance on the scene of Corny Kelleher when Stephen was blissfully unconscious but for that man in the gap turning up at the eleventh hour the finis might have been that he might have been a candidate for the accident ward or, failing that, the bridewell and an appearance in the court next day before Mr Tobias or, he being the solicitor rather, old Wall, he meant to say, or Mahony which simply spelt ruin for a chap when it got bruited about. The reason he mentioned the fact was that a lot of those policemen, whom he cordially disliked, were admittedly unscrupulous in the service of the Crown and, as Mr Bloom put it, recalling a case or two in the A division in Clanbrassil street, prepared to swear a hole through a ten gallon pot. Never on the spot when wanted but in quiet parts of the city, Pembroke road for example, the guardians of the law were well in evidence, the obvious reason being they were paid to protect the upper classes. Another thing he commented on was equipping soldiers with firearms or sidearms of any description liable to go off at any time which was tantamount to inciting them against civilians should by any chance they fall out over anything. You frittered away your time, he very sensibly maintained, and health and also character besides which, the squandermania of the thing, fast women of the <em>demimonde</em> ran away with a lot of £. s. d. into the bargain and the greatest danger of all was who you got drunk with though, touching the much vexed question of stimulants, he relished a glass of choice old wine in season as both nourishing and bloodmaking and possessing aperient virtues (notably a good burgundy which he was a staunch believer in) still never beyond a certain point where he invariably drew the line as it simply led to trouble all round to say nothing of your being at the tender mercy of others practically. Most of all he commented adversely on the desertion of Stephen by all his pubhunting <em>confrères</em> but one, a most glaring piece of ratting on the part of his brother medicos under all the circs.</p>
<p>—And that one was Judas, Stephen said, who up to then had said nothing whatsoever of any kind.</p>
<p>Discussing these and kindred topics they made a beeline across the back of the Customhouse and passed under the Loop Line bridge where a brazier of coke burning in front of a sentrybox or something like one attracted their rather lagging footsteps. Stephen of his own accord stopped for no special reason to look at the heap of barren cobblestones and by the light emanating from the brazier he could just make out the darker figure of the corporation watchman inside the gloom of the sentrybox. He began to remember that this had happened or had been mentioned as having happened before but it cost him no small effort before he remembered that he recognised in the sentry a <em>quondam</em> friend of his father’s, Gumley. To avoid a meeting he drew nearer to the pillars of the railway bridge.</p>
<p>—Someone saluted you, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>A figure of middle height on the prowl evidently under the arches saluted again, calling:</p>
<p>—Night!</p>
<p>Stephen of course started rather dizzily and stopped to return the compliment. Mr Bloom actuated by motives of inherent delicacy inasmuch as he always believed in minding his own business moved off but nevertheless remained on the <em>qui vive</em> with just a shade of anxiety though not funkyish in the least. Though unusual in the Dublin area he knew that it was not by any means unknown for desperadoes who had next to nothing to live on to be abroad waylaying and generally terrorising peaceable pedestrians by placing a pistol at their head in some secluded spot outside the city proper, famished loiterers of the Thames embankment category they might be hanging about there or simply marauders ready to decamp with whatever boodle they could in one fell swoop at a moment’s notice, your money or your life, leaving you there to point a moral, gagged and garrotted.</p>
<p>Stephen, that is when the accosting figure came to close quarters, though he was not in an over sober state himself recognised Corley’s breath redolent of rotten cornjuice. Lord John Corley some called him and his genealogy came about in this wise. He was the eldest son of inspector Corley of the G division, lately deceased, who had married a certain Katherine Brophy, the daughter of a Louth farmer. His grandfather Patrick Michael Corley of New Ross had married the widow of a publican there whose maiden name had been Katherine (also) Talbot. Rumour had it (though not proved) that she descended from the house of the lords Talbot de Malahide in whose mansion, really an unquestionably fine residence of its kind and well worth seeing, her mother or aunt or some relative, a woman, as the tale went, of extreme beauty, had enjoyed the distinction of being in service in the washkitchen. This therefore was the reason why the still comparatively young though dissolute man who now addressed Stephen was spoken of by some with facetious proclivities as Lord John Corley.</p>
<p>Taking Stephen on one side he had the customary doleful ditty to tell. Not as much as a farthing to purchase a night’s lodgings. His friends had all deserted him. Furthermore he had a row with Lenehan and called him to Stephen a mean bloody swab with a sprinkling of a number of other uncalledfor expressions. He was out of a job and implored of Stephen to tell him where on God’s earth he could get something, anything at all, to do. No, it was the daughter of the mother in the washkitchen that was fostersister to the heir of the house or else they were connected through the mother in some way, both occurrences happening at the same time if the whole thing wasn’t a complete fabrication from start to finish. Anyhow he was all in.</p>
<p>—I wouldn’t ask you only, pursued he, on my solemn oath and God knows I’m on the rocks.</p>
<p>—There’ll be a job tomorrow or next day, Stephen told him, in a boys’ school at Dalkey for a gentleman usher. Mr Garrett Deasy. Try it. You may mention my name.</p>
<p>—Ah, God, Corley replied, sure I couldn’t teach in a school, man. I was never one of your bright ones, he added with a half laugh. I got stuck twice in the junior at the christian brothers.</p>
<p>—I have no place to sleep myself, Stephen informed him.</p>
<p>Corley at the first go-off was inclined to suspect it was something to do with Stephen being fired out of his digs for bringing in a bloody tart off the street. There was a dosshouse in Marlborough street, Mrs Maloney’s, but it was only a tanner touch and full of undesirables but M’Conachie told him you got a decent enough do in the Brazen Head over in Winetavern street (which was distantly suggestive to the person addressed of friar Bacon) for a bob. He was starving too though he hadn’t said a word about it.</p>
<p>Though this sort of thing went on every other night or very near it still Stephen’s feelings got the better of him in a sense though he knew that Corley’s brandnew rigmarole on a par with the others was hardly deserving of much credence. However <em>haud ignarus malorum miseris succurrere disco etcetera</em> as the Latin poet remarks especially as luck would have it he got paid his screw after every middle of the month on the sixteenth which was the date of the month as a matter of fact though a good bit of the wherewithal was demolished. But the cream of the joke was nothing would get it out of Corley’s head that he was living in affluence and hadn’t a thing to do but hand out the needful. Whereas. He put his hand in a pocket anyhow not with the idea of finding any food there but thinking he might lend him anything up to a bob or so in lieu so that he might endeavour at all events and get sufficient to eat but the result was in the negative for, to his chagrin, he found his cash missing. A few broken biscuits were all the result of his investigation. He tried his hardest to recollect for the moment whether he had lost as well he might have or left because in that contingency it was not a pleasant lookout, very much the reverse in fact. He was altogether too fagged out to institute a thorough search though he tried to recollect. About biscuits he dimly remembered. Who now exactly gave them he wondered or where was or did he buy. However in another pocket he came across what he surmised in the dark were pennies, erroneously however, as it turned out.</p>
<p>—Those are halfcrowns, man, Corley corrected him.</p>
<p>And so in point of fact they turned out to be. Stephen anyhow lent him one of them.</p>
<p>—Thanks, Corley answered, you’re a gentleman. I’ll pay you back one time. Who’s that with you? I saw him a few times in the Bleeding Horse in Camden street with Boylan, the billsticker. You might put in a good word for us to get me taken on there. I’d carry a sandwichboard only the girl in the office told me they’re full up for the next three weeks, man. God, you’ve to book ahead, man, you’d think it was for the Carl Rosa. I don’t give a shite anyway so long as I get a job, even as a crossing sweeper.</p>
<p>Subsequently being not quite so down in the mouth after the two and six he got he informed Stephen about a fellow by the name of Bags Comisky that he said Stephen knew well out of Fullam’s, the shipchandler’s, bookkeeper there that used to be often round in Nagle’s back with O’Mara and a little chap with a stutter the name of Tighe. Anyhow he was lagged the night before last and fined ten bob for a drunk and disorderly and refusing to go with the constable.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom in the meanwhile kept dodging about in the vicinity of the cobblestones near the brazier of coke in front of the corporation watchman’s sentrybox who evidently a glutton for work, it struck him, was having a quiet forty winks for all intents and purposes on his own private account while Dublin slept. He threw an odd eye at the same time now and then at Stephen’s anything but immaculately attired interlocutor as if he had seen that nobleman somewhere or other though where he was not in a position to truthfully state nor had he the remotest idea when. Being a levelheaded individual who could give points to not a few in point of shrewd observation he also remarked on his very dilapidated hat and slouchy wearing apparel generally testifying to a chronic impecuniosity. Palpably he was one of his hangerson but for the matter of that it was merely a question of one preying on his nextdoor neighbour all round, in every deep, so to put it, a deeper depth and for the matter of that if the man in the street chanced to be in the dock himself penal servitude with or without the option of a fine would be a very <em>rara avis</em> altogether. In any case he had a consummate amount of cool assurance intercepting people at that hour of the night or morning. Pretty thick that was certainly.</p>
<p>The pair parted company and Stephen rejoined Mr Bloom who, with his practised eye, was not without perceiving that he had succumbed to the blandiloquence of the other parasite. Alluding to the encounter he said, laughingly, Stephen, that is:</p>
<p>—He is down on his luck. He asked me to ask you to ask somebody named Boylan, a billsticker, to give him a job as a sandwichman.</p>
<p>At this intelligence, in which he seemingly evinced little interest, Mr Bloom gazed abstractedly for the space of a half a second or so in the direction of a bucketdredger, rejoicing in the farfamed name of Eblana, moored alongside Customhouse quay and quite possibly out of repair, whereupon he observed evasively:</p>
<p>—Everybody gets their own ration of luck, they say. Now you mention it his face was familiar to me. But, leaving that for the moment, how much did you part with, he queried, if I am not too inquisitive?</p>
<p>—Half a crown, Stephen responded. I daresay he needs it to sleep somewhere.</p>
<p>—Needs! Mr Bloom ejaculated, professing not the least surprise at the intelligence, I can quite credit the assertion and I guarantee he invariably does. Everyone according to his needs or everyone according to his deeds. But, talking about things in general, where, added he with a smile, will you sleep yourself? Walking to Sandycove is out of the question. And even supposing you did you won’t get in after what occurred at Westland Row station. Simply fag out there for nothing. I don’t mean to presume to dictate to you in the slightest degree but why did you leave your father’s house?</p>
<p>—To seek misfortune, was Stephen’s answer.</p>
<p>—I met your respected father on a recent occasion, Mr Bloom diplomatically returned, today in fact, or to be strictly accurate, on yesterday. Where does he live at present? I gathered in the course of conversation that he had moved.</p>
<p>—I believe he is in Dublin somewhere, Stephen answered unconcernedly. Why?</p>
<p>—A gifted man, Mr Bloom said of Mr Dedalus senior, in more respects than one and a born <em>raconteur</em> if ever there was one. He takes great pride, quite legitimate, out of you. You could go back perhaps, he hasarded, still thinking of the very unpleasant scene at Westland Row terminus when it was perfectly evident that the other two, Mulligan, that is, and that English tourist friend of his, who eventually euchred their third companion, were patently trying as if the whole bally station belonged to them to give Stephen the slip in the confusion, which they did.</p>
<p>There was no response forthcoming to the suggestion however, such as it was, Stephen’s mind’s eye being too busily engaged in repicturing his family hearth the last time he saw it with his sister Dilly sitting by the ingle, her hair hanging down, waiting for some weak Trinidad shell cocoa that was in the sootcoated kettle to be done so that she and he could drink it with the oatmealwater for milk after the Friday herrings they had eaten at two a penny with an egg apiece for Maggy, Boody and Katey, the cat meanwhile under the mangle devouring a mess of eggshells and charred fish heads and bones on a square of brown paper, in accordance with the third precept of the church to fast and abstain on the days commanded, it being quarter tense or if not, ember days or something like that.</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom repeated again, I wouldn’t personally repose much trust in that boon companion of yours who contributes the humorous element, Dr Mulligan, as a guide, philosopher and friend if I were in your shoes. He knows which side his bread is buttered on though in all probability he never realised what it is to be without regular meals. Of course you didn’t notice as much as I did. But it wouldn’t occasion me the least surprise to learn that a pinch of tobacco or some narcotic was put in your drink for some ulterior object.</p>
<p>He understood however from all he heard that Dr Mulligan was a versatile allround man, by no means confined to medicine only, who was rapidly coming to the fore in his line and, if the report was verified, bade fair to enjoy a flourishing practice in the not too distant future as a tony medical practitioner drawing a handsome fee for his services in addition to which professional status his rescue of that man from certain drowning by artificial respiration and what they call first aid at Skerries, or Malahide was it?, was, he was bound to admit, an exceedingly plucky deed which he could not too highly praise, so that frankly he was utterly at a loss to fathom what earthly reason could be at the back of it except he put it down to sheer cussedness or jealousy, pure and simple.</p>
<p>—Except it simply amounts to one thing and he is what they call picking your brains, he ventured to throw out.</p>
<p>The guarded glance of half solicitude half curiosity augmented by friendliness which he gave at Stephen’s at present morose expression of features did not throw a flood of light, none at all in fact on the problem as to whether he had let himself be badly bamboozled to judge by two or three lowspirited remarks he let drop or the other way about saw through the affair and for some reason or other best known to himself allowed matters to more or less. Grinding poverty did have that effect and he more than conjectured that, high educational abilities though he possessed, he experienced no little difficulty in making both ends meet.</p>
<p>Adjacent to the men’s public urinal they perceived an icecream car round which a group of presumably Italians in heated altercation were getting rid of voluble expressions in their vivacious language in a particularly animated way, there being some little differences between the parties.</p>
<p>—<em>Puttana madonna, che ci dia i quattrini! Ho ragione? Culo rotto!</em></p>
<p><em>—Intendiamoci. Mezzo sovrano più...</em></p>
<p><em>—Dice lui, però!</em></p>
<p><em>—Mezzo.</em></p>
<p><em>—Farabutto! Mortacci sui!</em></p>
<p><em>—Ma ascolta! Cinque la testa più...</em></p>
<p>Mr Bloom and Stephen entered the cabman’s shelter, an unpretentious wooden structure, where, prior to then, he had rarely if ever been before, the former having previously whispered to the latter a few hints anent the keeper of it said to be the once famous Skin-the-Goat Fitzharris, the invincible, though he could not vouch for the actual facts which quite possibly there was not one vestige of truth in. A few moments later saw our two noctambules safely seated in a discreet corner only to be greeted by stares from the decidedly miscellaneous collection of waifs and strays and other nondescript specimens of the genus <em>homo</em> already there engaged in eating and drinking diversified by conversation for whom they seemingly formed an object of marked curiosity.</p>
<p>—Now touching a cup of coffee, Mr Bloom ventured to plausibly suggest to break the ice, it occurs to me you ought to sample something in the shape of solid food, say, a roll of some description.</p>
<p>Accordingly his first act was with characteristic <em>sangfroid</em> to order these commodities quietly. The <em>hoi polloi</em> of jarvies or stevedores or whatever they were after a cursory examination turned their eyes apparently dissatisfied, away though one redbearded bibulous individual, portion of whose hair was greyish, a sailor probably, still stared for some appreciable time before transferring his rapt attention to the floor. Mr Bloom, availing himself of the right of free speech, he having just a bowing acquaintance with the language in dispute, though, to be sure, rather in a quandary over <em>voglio</em>, remarked to his <em>protégé</em> in an audible tone of voice <em>à propos</em> of the battle royal in the street which was still raging fast and furious:</p>
<p>—A beautiful language. I mean for singing purposes. Why do you not write your poetry in that language? <em>Bella Poetria</em>! It is so melodious and full. <em>Belladonna. Voglio.</em></p>
<p>Stephen, who was trying his dead best to yawn if he could, suffering from lassitude generally, replied:</p>
<p>—To fill the ear of a cow elephant. They were haggling over money.</p>
<p>—Is that so? Mr Bloom asked. Of course, he subjoined pensively, at the inward reflection of there being more languages to start with than were absolutely necessary, it may be only the southern glamour that surrounds it.</p>
<p>The keeper of the shelter in the middle of this <em>tête-à-tête</em> put a boiling swimming cup of a choice concoction labelled coffee on the table and a rather antediluvian specimen of a bun, or so it seemed. After which he beat a retreat to his counter, Mr Bloom determining to have a good square look at him later on so as not to appear to. For which reason he encouraged Stephen to proceed with his eyes while he did the honours by surreptitiously pushing the cup of what was temporarily supposed to be called coffee gradually nearer him.</p>
<p>—Sounds are impostures, Stephen said after a pause of some little time, like names. Cicero, Podmore, Napoleon, Mr Goodbody. Jesus, Mr Doyle. Shakespeares were as common as Murphies. What’s in a name?</p>
<p>—Yes, to be sure, Mr Bloom unaffectedly concurred. Of course. Our name was changed too, he added, pushing the socalled roll across.</p>
<p>The redbearded sailor who had his weather eye on the newcomers boarded Stephen, whom he had singled out for attention in particular, squarely by asking:</p>
<p>—And what might your name be?</p>
<p>Just in the nick of time Mr Bloom touched his companion’s boot but Stephen, apparently disregarding the warm pressure from an unexpected quarter, answered:</p>
<p>—Dedalus.</p>
<p>The sailor stared at him heavily from a pair of drowsy baggy eyes, rather bunged up from excessive use of boose, preferably good old Hollands and water.</p>
<p>—You know Simon Dedalus? he asked at length.</p>
<p>—I’ve heard of him, Stephen said.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom was all at sea for a moment, seeing the others evidently eavesdropping too.</p>
<p>—He’s Irish, the seaman bold affirmed, staring still in much the same way and nodding. All Irish.</p>
<p>—All too Irish, Stephen rejoined.</p>
<p>As for Mr Bloom he could neither make head or tail of the whole business and he was just asking himself what possible connection when the sailor of his own accord turned to the other occupants of the shelter with the remark:</p>
<p>—I seen him shoot two eggs off two bottles at fifty yards over his shoulder. The lefthand dead shot.</p>
<p>Though he was slightly hampered by an occasional stammer and his gestures being also clumsy as it was still he did his best to explain.</p>
<p>—Bottles out there, say. Fifty yards measured. Eggs on the bottles. Cocks his gun over his shoulder. Aims.</p>
<p>He turned his body half round, shut up his right eye completely. Then he screwed his features up someway sideways and glared out into the night with an unprepossessing cast of countenance.</p>
<p>—Pom! he then shouted once.</p>
<p>The entire audience waited, anticipating an additional detonation, there being still a further egg.</p>
<p>—Pom! he shouted twice.</p>
<p>Egg two evidently demolished, he nodded and winked, adding bloodthirstily:</p>
<p><em>—Buffalo Bill shoots to kill,<br />
Never missed nor he never will.</em></p>
<p>A silence ensued till Mr Bloom for agreeableness’ sake just felt like asking him whether it was for a marksmanship competition like the Bisley.</p>
<p>—Beg pardon, the sailor said.</p>
<p>—Long ago? Mr Bloom pursued without flinching a hairsbreadth.</p>
<p>—Why, the sailor replied, relaxing to a certain extent under the magic influence of diamond cut diamond, it might be a matter of ten years. He toured the wide world with Hengler’s Royal Circus. I seen him do that in Stockholm.</p>
<p>—Curious coincidence, Mr Bloom confided to Stephen unobtrusively.</p>
<p>—Murphy’s my name, the sailor continued. D. B. Murphy of Carrigaloe. Know where that is?</p>
<p>—Queenstown harbour, Stephen replied.</p>
<p>—That’s right, the sailor said. Fort Camden and Fort Carlisle. That’s where I hails from. I belongs there. That’s where I hails from. My little woman’s down there. She’s waiting for me, I know. <em>For England, home and beauty</em>. She’s my own true wife I haven’t seen for seven years now, sailing about.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom could easily picture his advent on this scene, the homecoming to the mariner’s roadside shieling after having diddled Davy Jones, a rainy night with a blind moon. Across the world for a wife. Quite a number of stories there were on that particular Alice Ben Bolt topic, Enoch Arden and Rip van Winkle and does anybody hereabouts remember Caoc O’Leary, a favourite and most trying declamation piece by the way of poor John Casey and a bit of perfect poetry in its own small way. Never about the runaway wife coming back, however much devoted to the absentee. The face at the window! Judge of his astonishment when he finally did breast the tape and the awful truth dawned upon him anent his better half, wrecked in his affections. You little expected me but I’ve come to stay and make a fresh start. There she sits, a grasswidow, at the selfsame fireside. Believes me dead, rocked in the cradle of the deep. And there sits uncle Chubb or Tomkin, as the case might be, the publican of the Crown and Anchor, in shirtsleeves, eating rumpsteak and onions. No chair for father. Broo! The wind! Her brandnew arrival is on her knee, <em>post mortem</em> child. With a high ro! and a randy ro! and my galloping tearing tandy, O! Bow to the inevitable. Grin and bear it. I remain with much love your brokenhearted husband W. B. Murphy.</p>
<p>The sailor, who scarcely seemed to be a Dublin resident, turned to one of the jarvies with the request:</p>
<p>—You don’t happen to have such a thing as a spare chaw about you?</p>
<p>The jarvey addressed as it happened had not but the keeper took a die of plug from his good jacket hanging on a nail and the desired object was passed from hand to hand.</p>
<p>—Thank you, the sailor said.</p>
<p>He deposited the quid in his gob and, chewing and with some slow stammers, proceeded:</p>
<p>—We come up this morning eleven o’clock. The threemaster <em>Rosevean</em> from Bridgwater with bricks. I shipped to get over. Paid off this afternoon. There’s my discharge. See? D. B. Murphy. A. B. S.</p>
<p>In confirmation of which statement he extricated from an inside pocket and handed to his neighbour a not very cleanlooking folded document.</p>
<p>—You must have seen a fair share of the world, the keeper remarked, leaning on the counter.</p>
<p>—Why, the sailor answered upon reflection upon it, I’ve circumnavigated a bit since I first joined on. I was in the Red Sea. I was in China and North America and South America. We was chased by pirates one voyage. I seen icebergs plenty, growlers. I was in Stockholm and the Black Sea, the Dardanelles under Captain Dalton, the best bloody man that ever scuttled a ship. I seen Russia. <em>Gospodi pomilyou</em>. That’s how the Russians prays.</p>
<p>—You seen queer sights, don’t be talking, put in a jarvey.</p>
<p>—Why, the sailor said, shifting his partially chewed plug. I seen queer things too, ups and downs. I seen a crocodile bite the fluke of an anchor same as I chew that quid.</p>
<p>He took out of his mouth the pulpy quid and, lodging it between his teeth, bit ferociously:</p>
<p>—Khaan! Like that. And I seen maneaters in Peru that eats corpses and the livers of horses. Look here. Here they are. A friend of mine sent me.</p>
<p>He fumbled out a picture postcard from his inside pocket which seemed to be in its way a species of repository and pushed it along the table. The printed matter on it stated: <em>Choza de Indios. Beni, Bolivia.</em></p>
<p>All focussed their attention at the scene exhibited, a group of savage women in striped loincloths, squatted, blinking, suckling, frowning, sleeping amid a swarm of infants (there must have been quite a score of them) outside some primitive shanties of osier.</p>
<p>—Chews coca all day, the communicative tarpaulin added. Stomachs like breadgraters. Cuts off their diddies when they can’t bear no more children.</p>
<p>See them sitting there stark ballocknaked eating a dead horse’s liver raw.</p>
<p>His postcard proved a centre of attraction for Messrs the greenhorns for several minutes if not more.</p>
<p>—Know how to keep them off? he inquired generally.</p>
<p>Nobody volunteering a statement he winked, saying:</p>
<p>—Glass. That boggles ’em. Glass.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, without evincing surprise, unostentatiously turned over the card to peruse the partially obliterated address and postmark. It ran as follows: <em>Tarjeta Postal, Señor A Boudin, Galeria Becche, Santiago, Chile.</em> There was no message evidently, as he took particular notice. Though not an implicit believer in the lurid story narrated (or the eggsniping transaction for that matter despite William Tell and the Lazarillo-Don Cesar de Bazan incident depicted in <em>Maritana</em> on which occasion the former’s ball passed through the latter’s hat) having detected a discrepancy between his name (assuming he was the person he represented himself to be and not sailing under false colours after having boxed the compass on the strict q.t. somewhere) and the fictitious addressee of the missive which made him nourish some suspicions of our friend’s <em>bona fides</em> nevertheless it reminded him in a way of a longcherished plan he meant to one day realise some Wednesday or Saturday of travelling to London <em>via</em> long sea not to say that he had ever travelled extensively to any great extent but he was at heart a born adventurer though by a trick of fate he had consistently remained a landlubber except you call going to Holyhead which was his longest. Martin Cunningham frequently said he would work a pass through Egan but some deuced hitch or other eternally cropped up with the net result that the scheme fell through. But even suppose it did come to planking down the needful and breaking Boyd’s heart it was not so dear, purse permitting, a few guineas at the outside considering the fare to Mullingar where he figured on going was five and six, there and back. The trip would benefit health on account of the bracing ozone and be in every way thoroughly pleasurable, especially for a chap whose liver was out of order, seeing the different places along the route, Plymouth, Falmouth, Southampton and so on culminating in an instructive tour of the sights of the great metropolis, the spectacle of our modern Babylon where doubtless he would see the greatest improvement, tower, abbey, wealth of Park lane to renew acquaintance with. Another thing just struck him as a by no means bad notion was he might have a gaze around on the spot to see about trying to make arrangements about a concert tour of summer music embracing the most prominent pleasure resorts, Margate with mixed bathing and firstrate hydros and spas, Eastbourne, Scarborough, Margate and so on, beautiful Bournemouth, the Channel islands and similar bijou spots, which might prove highly remunerative. Not, of course, with a hole and corner scratch company or local ladies on the job, witness Mrs C P M’Coy type lend me your valise and I’ll post you the ticket. No, something top notch, an all star Irish caste, the Tweedy-Flower grand opera company with his own legal consort as leading lady as a sort of counterblast to the Elster Grimes and Moody-Manners, perfectly simple matter and he was quite sanguine of success, providing puffs in the local papers could be managed by some fellow with a bit of bounce who could pull the indispensable wires and thus combine business with pleasure. But who? That was the rub.</p>
<p>Also, without being actually positive, it struck him a great field was to be opened up in the line of opening up new routes to keep pace with the times <em>apropos</em> of the Fishguard-Rosslare route which, it was mooted, was once more on the <em>tapis</em> in the circumlocution departments with the usual quantity of red tape and dillydallying of effete fogeydom and dunderheads generally. A great opportunity there certainly was for push and enterprise to meet the travelling needs of the public at large, the average man, i.e. Brown, Robinson and Co.</p>
<p>It was a subject of regret and absurd as well on the face of it and no small blame to our vaunted society that the man in the street, when the system really needed toning up, for the matter of a couple of paltry pounds was debarred from seeing more of the world they lived in instead of being always and ever cooped up since my old stick-in-the-mud took me for a wife. After all, hang it, they had their eleven and more humdrum months of it and merited a radical change of <em>venue</em> after the grind of city life in the summertime for choice when dame Nature is at her spectacular best constituting nothing short of a new lease of life. There were equally excellent opportunities for vacationists in the home island, delightful sylvan spots for rejuvenation, offering a plethora of attractions as well as a bracing tonic for the system in and around Dublin and its picturesque environs even, Poulaphouca to which there was a steamtram, but also farther away from the madding crowd in Wicklow, rightly termed the garden of Ireland, an ideal neighbourhood for elderly wheelmen so long as it didn’t come down, and in the wilds of Donegal where if report spoke true the <em>coup d’œil</em> was exceedingly grand though the lastnamed locality was not easily getatable so that the influx of visitors was not as yet all that it might be considering the signal benefits to be derived from it while Howth with its historic associations and otherwise, Silken Thomas, Grace O’Malley, George IV, rhododendrons several hundred feet above sealevel was a favourite haunt with all sorts and conditions of men especially in the spring when young men’s fancy, though it had its own toll of deaths by falling off the cliffs by design or accidentally, usually, by the way, on their left leg, it being only about three quarters of an hour’s run from the pillar. Because of course uptodate tourist travelling was as yet merely in its infancy, so to speak, and the accommodation left much to be desired. Interesting to fathom it seemed to him from a motive of curiosity, pure and simple, was whether it was the traffic that created the route or viceversa or the two sides in fact. He turned back the other side of the card, picture, and passed it along to Stephen.</p>
<p>—I seen a Chinese one time, related the doughty narrator, that had little pills like putty and he put them in the water and they opened and every pill was something different. One was a ship, another was a house, another was a flower. Cooks rats in your soup, he appetisingly added, the chinks does.</p>
<p>Possibly perceiving an expression of dubiosity on their faces the globetrotter went on, adhering to his adventures.</p>
<p>—And I seen a man killed in Trieste by an Italian chap. Knife in his back. Knife like that.</p>
<p>Whilst speaking he produced a dangerouslooking claspknife quite in keeping with his character and held it in the striking position.</p>
<p>—In a knockingshop it was count of a tryon between two smugglers. Fellow hid behind a door, come up behind him. Like that. <em>Prepare to meet your God</em>, says he. Chuk! It went into his back up to the butt.</p>
<p>His heavy glance drowsily roaming about kind of defied their further questions even should they by any chance want to.</p>
<p>—That’s a good bit of steel, repeated he, examining his formidable <em>stiletto</em>.</p>
<p>After which harrowing <em>dénouement</em> sufficient to appal the stoutest he snapped the blade to and stowed the weapon in question away as before in his chamber of horrors, otherwise pocket.</p>
<p>—They’re great for the cold steel, somebody who was evidently quite in the dark said for the benefit of them all. That was why they thought the park murders of the invincibles was done by foreigners on account of them using knives.</p>
<p>At this remark passed obviously in the spirit of <em>where ignorance is bliss</em> Mr B. and Stephen, each in his own particular way, both instinctively exchanged meaning glances, in a religious silence of the strictly <em>entre nous</em> variety however, towards where Skin-the-Goat, <em>alias</em> the keeper, not turning a hair, was drawing spurts of liquid from his boiler affair. His inscrutable face which was really a work of art, a perfect study in itself, beggaring description, conveyed the impression that he didn’t understand one jot of what was going on. Funny, very!</p>
<p>There ensued a somewhat lengthy pause. One man was reading in fits and starts a stained by coffee evening journal, another the card with the natives <em>choza de</em>, another the seaman’s discharge. Mr Bloom, so far as he was personally concerned, was just pondering in pensive mood. He vividly recollected when the occurrence alluded to took place as well as yesterday, roughly some score of years previously in the days of the land troubles, when it took the civilised world by storm, figuratively speaking, early in the eighties, eightyone to be correct, when he was just turned fifteen.</p>
<p>—Ay, boss, the sailor broke in. Give us back them papers.</p>
<p>The request being complied with he clawed them up with a scrape.</p>
<p>—Have you seen the rock of Gibraltar? Mr Bloom inquired.</p>
<p>The sailor grimaced, chewing, in a way that might be read as yes, ay or no.</p>
<p>—Ah, you’ve touched there too, Mr Bloom said, Europa point, thinking he had, in the hope that the rover might possibly by some reminiscences but he failed to do so, simply letting spirt a jet of spew into the sawdust, and shook his head with a sort of lazy scorn.</p>
<p>—What year would that be about? Mr B interrogated. Can you recall the boats?</p>
<p>Our <em>soi-disant</em> sailor munched heavily awhile hungrily before answering:</p>
<p>—I’m tired of all them rocks in the sea, he said, and boats and ships. Salt junk all the time.</p>
<p>Tired seemingly, he ceased. His questioner perceiving that he was not likely to get a great deal of change out of such a wily old customer, fell to woolgathering on the enormous dimensions of the water about the globe, suffice it to say that, as a casual glance at the map revealed, it covered fully three fourths of it and he fully realised accordingly what it meant to rule the waves. On more than one occasion, a dozen at the lowest, near the North Bull at Dollymount he had remarked a superannuated old salt, evidently derelict, seated habitually near the not particularly redolent sea on the wall, staring quite obliviously at it and it at him, dreaming of fresh woods and pastures new as someone somewhere sings. And it left him wondering why. Possibly he had tried to find out the secret for himself, floundering up and down the antipodes and all that sort of thing and over and under, well, not exactly under, tempting the fates. And the odds were twenty to nil there was really no secret about it at all. Nevertheless, without going into the <em>minutiae</em> of the business, the eloquent fact remained that the sea was there in all its glory and in the natural course of things somebody or other had to sail on it and fly in the face of providence though it merely went to show how people usually contrived to load that sort of onus on to the other fellow like the hell idea and the lottery and insurance which were run on identically the same lines so that for that very reason if no other lifeboat Sunday was a highly laudable institution to which the public at large, no matter where living inland or seaside, as the case might be, having it brought home to them like that should extend its gratitude also to the harbourmasters and coastguard service who had to man the rigging and push off and out amid the elements whatever the season when duty called <em>Ireland expects that every man</em> and so on and sometimes had a terrible time of it in the wintertime not forgetting the Irish lights, Kish and others, liable to capsize at any moment, rounding which he once with his daughter had experienced some remarkably choppy, not to say stormy, weather.</p>
<p>—There was a fellow sailed with me in the <em>Rover</em>, the old seadog, himself a rover, proceeded, went ashore and took up a soft job as gentleman’s valet at six quid a month. Them are his trousers I’ve on me and he gave me an oilskin and that jackknife. I’m game for that job, shaving and brushup. I hate roaming about. There’s my son now, Danny, run off to sea and his mother got him took in a draper’s in Cork where he could be drawing easy money.</p>
<p>—What age is he? queried one hearer who, by the way, seen from the side, bore a distant resemblance to Henry Campbell, the townclerk, away from the carking cares of office, unwashed of course and in a seedy getup and a strong suspicion of nosepaint about the nasal appendage.</p>
<p>—Why, the sailor answered with a slow puzzled utterance, my son, Danny? He’d be about eighteen now, way I figure it.</p>
<p>The Skibbereen father hereupon tore open his grey or unclean anyhow shirt with his two hands and scratched away at his chest on which was to be seen an image tattooed in blue Chinese ink intended to represent an anchor.</p>
<p>—There was lice in that bunk in Bridgwater, he remarked, sure as nuts. I must get a wash tomorrow or next day. It’s them black lads I objects to. I hate those buggers. Suck your blood dry, they does.</p>
<p>Seeing they were all looking at his chest he accommodatingly dragged his shirt more open so that on top of the timehonoured symbol of the mariner’s hope and rest they had a full view of the figure 16 and a young man’s sideface looking frowningly rather.</p>
<p>—Tattoo, the exhibitor explained. That was done when we were lying becalmed off Odessa in the Black Sea under Captain Dalton. Fellow, the name of Antonio, done that. There he is himself, a Greek.</p>
<p>—Did it hurt much doing it? one asked the sailor.</p>
<p>That worthy, however, was busily engaged in collecting round the. Someway in his. Squeezing or.</p>
<p>—See here, he said, showing Antonio. There he is cursing the mate. And there he is now, he added, the same fellow, pulling the skin with his fingers, some special knack evidently, and he laughing at a yarn.</p>
<p>And in point of fact the young man named Antonio’s livid face did actually look like forced smiling and the curious effect excited the unreserved admiration of everybody including Skin-the-Goat, who this time stretched over.</p>
<p>—Ay, ay, sighed the sailor, looking down on his manly chest. He’s gone too. Ate by sharks after. Ay, ay.</p>
<p>He let go of the skin so that the profile resumed the normal expression of before.</p>
<p>—Neat bit of work, one longshoreman said.</p>
<p>—And what’s the number for? loafer number two queried.</p>
<p>—Eaten alive? a third asked the sailor.</p>
<p>—Ay, ay, sighed again the latter personage, more cheerily this time with some sort of a half smile for a brief duration only in the direction of the questioner about the number. Ate. A Greek he was.</p>
<p>And then he added with rather gallowsbird humour considering his alleged end:</p>
<p>—As bad as old Antonio,<br />
For he left me on my ownio.</p>
<p>The face of a streetwalker glazed and haggard under a black straw hat peered askew round the door of the shelter palpably reconnoitring on her own with the object of bringing more grist to her mill. Mr Bloom, scarcely knowing which way to look, turned away on the moment flusterfied but outwardly calm, and, picking up from the table the pink sheet of the Abbey street organ which the jarvey, if such he was, had laid aside, he picked it up and looked at the pink of the paper though why pink. His reason for so doing was he recognised on the moment round the door the same face he had caught a fleeting glimpse of that afternoon on Ormond quay, the partially idiotic female, namely, of the lane who knew the lady in the brown costume does be with you (Mrs B.) and begged the chance of his washing. Also why washing which seemed rather vague than not, your washing. Still candour compelled him to admit he had washed his wife’s undergarments when soiled in Holles street and women would and did too a man’s similar garments initialled with Bewley and Draper’s marking ink (hers were, that is) if they really loved him, that is to say, love me, love my dirty shirt. Still just then, being on tenterhooks, he desired the female’s room more than her company so it came as a genuine relief when the keeper made her a rude sign to take herself off. Round the side of the <em>Evening Telegraph</em> he just caught a fleeting glimpse of her face round the side of the door with a kind of demented glassy grin showing that she was not exactly all there, viewing with evident amusement the group of gazers round skipper Murphy’s nautical chest and then there was no more of her.</p>
<p>—The gunboat, the keeper said.</p>
<p>—It beats me, Mr Bloom confided to Stephen, medically I am speaking, how a wretched creature like that from the Lock hospital reeking with disease can be barefaced enough to solicit or how any man in his sober senses, if he values his health in the least. Unfortunate creature! Of course I suppose some man is ultimately responsible for her condition. Still no matter what the cause is from...</p>
<p>Stephen had not noticed her and shrugged his shoulders, merely remarking:</p>
<p>—In this country people sell much more than she ever had and do a roaring trade. Fear not them that sell the body but have not power to buy the soul. She is a bad merchant. She buys dear and sells cheap.</p>
<p>The elder man, though not by any manner of means an old maid or a prude, said it was nothing short of a crying scandal that ought to be put a stop to <em>instanter</em> to say that women of that stamp (quite apart from any oldmaidish squeamishness on the subject), a necessary evil, were not licensed and medically inspected by the proper authorities, a thing, he could truthfully state, he, as a <em>paterfamilias</em>, was a stalwart advocate of from the very first start. Whoever embarked on a policy of the sort, he said, and ventilated the matter thoroughly would confer a lasting boon on everybody concerned.</p>
<p>—You as a good catholic, he observed, talking of body and soul, believe in the soul. Or do you mean the intelligence, the brainpower as such, as distinct from any outside object, the table, let us say, that cup. I believe in that myself because it has been explained by competent men as the convolutions of the grey matter. Otherwise we would never have such inventions as X rays, for instance. Do you?</p>
<p>Thus cornered, Stephen had to make a superhuman effort of memory to try and concentrate and remember before he could say:</p>
<p>—They tell me on the best authority it is a simple substance and therefore incorruptible. It would be immortal, I understand, but for the possibility of its annihilation by its First Cause Who, from all I can hear, is quite capable of adding that to the number of His other practical jokes, <em>corruptio per se</em> and <em>corruptio per accidens</em> both being excluded by court etiquette.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom thoroughly acquiesced in the general gist of this though the mystical finesse involved was a bit out of his sublunary depth still he felt bound to enter a demurrer on the head of simple, promptly rejoining:</p>
<p>—Simple? I shouldn’t think that is the proper word. Of course, I grant you, to concede a point, you do knock across a simple soul once in a blue moon. But what I am anxious to arrive at is it is one thing for instance to invent those rays Röntgen did or the telescope like Edison, though I believe it was before his time Galileo was the man, I mean, and the same applies to the laws, for example, of a farreaching natural phenomenon such as electricity but it’s a horse of quite another colour to say you believe in the existence of a supernatural God.</p>
<p>—O that, Stephen expostulated, has been proved conclusively by several of the bestknown passages in Holy Writ, apart from circumstantial evidence.</p>
<p>On this knotty point however the views of the pair, poles apart as they were both in schooling and everything else with the marked difference in their respective ages, clashed.</p>
<p>—Has been? the more experienced of the two objected, sticking to his original point with a smile of unbelief. I’m not so sure about that. That’s a matter for everyman’s opinion and, without dragging in the sectarian side of the business, I beg to differ with you <em>in toto</em> there. My belief is, to tell you the candid truth, that those bits were genuine forgeries all of them put in by monks most probably or it’s the big question of our national poet over again, who precisely wrote them like <em>Hamlet</em> and Bacon, as, you who know your Shakespeare infinitely better than I, of course I needn’t tell you. Can’t you drink that coffee, by the way? Let me stir it. And take a piece of that bun. It’s like one of our skipper’s bricks disguised. Still no-one can give what he hasn’t got. Try a bit.</p>
<p>—Couldn’t, Stephen contrived to get out, his mental organs for the moment refusing to dictate further.</p>
<p>Faultfinding being a proverbially bad hat Mr Bloom thought well to stir or try to the clotted sugar from the bottom and reflected with something approaching acrimony on the Coffee Palace and its temperance (and lucrative) work. To be sure it was a legitimate object and beyond yea or nay did a world of good, shelters such as the present one they were in run on teetotal lines for vagrants at night, concerts, dramatic evenings and useful lectures (admittance free) by qualified men for the lower orders. On the other hand he had a distinct and painful recollection they paid his wife, Madam Marion Tweedy who had been prominently associated with it at one time, a very modest remuneration indeed for her pianoplaying. The idea, he was strongly inclined to believe, was to do good and net a profit, there being no competition to speak of. Sulphate of copper poison SO<sub>4</sub> or something in some dried peas he remembered reading of in a cheap eatinghouse somewhere but he couldn’t remember when it was or where. Anyhow inspection, medical inspection, of all eatables seemed to him more than ever necessary which possibly accounted for the vogue of Dr Tibble’s Vi-Cocoa on account of the medical analysis involved.</p>
<p>—Have a shot at it now, he ventured to say of the coffee after being stirred.</p>
<p>Thus prevailed on to at any rate taste it Stephen lifted the heavy mug from the brown puddle it clopped out of when taken up by the handle and took a sip of the offending beverage.</p>
<p>—Still it’s solid food, his good genius urged, I’m a stickler for solid food, his one and only reason being not gormandising in the least but regular meals as the <em>sine qua non</em> for any kind of proper work, mental or manual. You ought to eat more solid food. You would feel a different man.</p>
<p>—Liquids I can eat, Stephen said. But O, oblige me by taking away that knife. I can’t look at the point of it. It reminds me of Roman history.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom promptly did as suggested and removed the incriminated article, a blunt hornhandled ordinary knife with nothing particularly Roman or antique about it to the lay eye, observing that the point was the least conspicuous point about it.</p>
<p>—Our mutual friend’s stories are like himself, Mr Bloom <em>apropos</em> of knives remarked to his <em>confidante sotto voce</em>. Do you think they are genuine? He could spin those yarns for hours on end all night long and lie like old boots. Look at him.</p>
<p>Yet still though his eyes were thick with sleep and sea air life was full of a host of things and coincidences of a terrible nature and it was quite within the bounds of possibility that it was not an entire fabrication though at first blush there was not much inherent probability in all the spoof he got off his chest being strictly accurate gospel.</p>
<p>He had been meantime taking stock of the individual in front of him and Sherlockholmesing him up ever since he clapped eyes on him. Though a wellpreserved man of no little stamina, if a trifle prone to baldness, there was something spurious in the cut of his jib that suggested a jail delivery and it required no violent stretch of imagination to associate such a weirdlooking specimen with the oakum and treadmill fraternity. He might even have done for his man supposing it was his own case he told, as people often did about others, namely, that he killed him himself and had served his four or five goodlooking years in durance vile to say nothing of the Antonio personage (no relation to the dramatic personage of identical name who sprang from the pen of our national poet) who expiated his crimes in the melodramatic manner above described. On the other hand he might be only bluffing, a pardonable weakness because meeting unmistakable mugs, Dublin residents, like those jarvies waiting news from abroad would tempt any ancient mariner who sailed the ocean seas to draw the long bow about the schooner <em>Hesperus</em> and etcetera. And when all was said and done the lies a fellow told about himself couldn’t probably hold a proverbial candle to the wholesale whoppers other fellows coined about him.</p>
<p>—Mind you, I’m not saying that it’s all a pure invention, he resumed. Analogous scenes are occasionally, if not often, met with. Giants, though that is rather a far cry, you see once in a way, Marcella the midget queen. In those waxworks in Henry street I myself saw some Aztecs, as they are called, sitting bowlegged, they couldn’t straighten their legs if you paid them because the muscles here, you see, he proceeded, indicating on his companion the brief outline of the sinews or whatever you like to call them behind the right knee, were utterly powerless from sitting that way so long cramped up, being adored as gods. There’s an example again of simple souls.</p>
<p>However reverting to friend Sinbad and his horrifying adventures (who reminded him a bit of Ludwig, <em>alias</em> Ledwidge, when he occupied the boards of the Gaiety when Michael Gunn was identified with the management in the <em>Flying Dutchman</em>, a stupendous success, and his host of admirers came in large numbers, everyone simply flocking to hear him though ships of any sort, phantom or the reverse, on the stage usually fell a bit flat as also did trains) there was nothing intrinsically incompatible about it, he conceded. On the contrary that stab in the back touch was quite in keeping with those italianos though candidly he was none the less free to admit those icecreamers and friers in the fish way not to mention the chip potato variety and so forth over in little Italy there near the Coombe were sober thrifty hardworking fellows except perhaps a bit too given to pothunting the harmless necessary animal of the feline persuasion of others at night so as to have a good old succulent tuckin with garlic <em>de rigueur</em> off him or her next day on the quiet and, he added, on the cheap.</p>
<p>—Spaniards, for instance, he continued, passionate temperaments like that, impetuous as Old Nick, are given to taking the law into their own hands and give you your quietus doublequick with those poignards they carry in the abdomen. It comes from the great heat, climate generally. My wife is, so to speak, Spanish, half that is. Point of fact she could actually claim Spanish nationality if she wanted, having been born in (technically) Spain, i.e. Gibraltar. She has the Spanish type. Quite dark, regular brunette, black. I for one certainly believe climate accounts for character. That’s why I asked you if you wrote your poetry in Italian.</p>
<p>—The temperaments at the door, Stephen interposed with, were very passionate about ten shillings. <em>Roberto ruba roba sua</em>.</p>
<p>—Quite so, Mr Bloom dittoed.</p>
<p>—Then, Stephen said staring and rambling on to himself or some unknown listener somewhere, we have the impetuosity of Dante and the isosceles triangle miss Portinari he fell in love with and Leonardo and san Tommaso Mastino.</p>
<p>—It’s in the blood, Mr Bloom acceded at once. All are washed in the blood of the sun. Coincidence I just happened to be in the Kildare street museum today, shortly prior to our meeting if I can so call it, and I was just looking at those antique statues there. The splendid proportions of hips, bosom. You simply don’t knock against those kind of women here. An exception here and there. Handsome yes, pretty in a way you find but what I’m talking about is the female form. Besides they have so little taste in dress, most of them, which greatly enhances a woman’s natural beauty, no matter what you say. Rumpled stockings, it may be, possibly is, a foible of mine but still it’s a thing I simply hate to see.</p>
<p>Interest, however, was starting to flag somewhat all round and then the others got on to talking about accidents at sea, ships lost in a fog, collisions with icebergs, all that sort of thing. Shipahoy of course had his own say to say. He had doubled the cape a few odd times and weathered a monsoon, a kind of wind, in the China seas and through all those perils of the deep there was one thing, he declared, stood to him or words to that effect, a pious medal he had that saved him.</p>
<p>So then after that they drifted on to the wreck off Daunt’s rock, wreck of that illfated Norwegian barque nobody could think of her name for the moment till the jarvey who had really quite a look of Henry Campbell remembered it <em>Palme</em> on Booterstown strand. That was the talk of the town that year (Albert William Quill wrote a fine piece of original verse of distinctive merit on the topic for the Irish <em>Times</em>), breakers running over her and crowds and crowds on the shore in commotion petrified with horror. Then someone said something about the case of the s. s. <em>Lady Cairns</em> of Swansea run into by the <em>Mona</em> which was on an opposite tack in rather muggyish weather and lost with all hands on deck. No aid was given. Her master, the <em>Mona</em>’s, said he was afraid his collision bulkhead would give way. She had no water, it appears, in her hold.</p>
<p>At this stage an incident happened. It having become necessary for him to unfurl a reef the sailor vacated his seat.</p>
<p>—Let me cross your bows mate, he said to his neighbour who was just gently dropping off into a peaceful doze.</p>
<p>He made tracks heavily, slowly with a dumpy sort of a gait to the door, stepped heavily down the one step there was out of the shelter and bore due left. While he was in the act of getting his bearings Mr Bloom who noticed when he stood up that he had two flasks of presumably ship’s rum sticking one out of each pocket for the private consumption of his burning interior, saw him produce a bottle and uncork it or unscrew and, applying its nozzle to his lips, take a good old delectable swig out of it with a gurgling noise. The irrepressible Bloom, who also had a shrewd suspicion that the old stager went out on a manœuvre after the counterattraction in the shape of a female who however had disappeared to all intents and purposes, could by straining just perceive him, when duly refreshed by his rum puncheon exploit, gaping up at the piers and girders of the Loop line rather out of his depth as of course it was all radically altered since his last visit and greatly improved. Some person or persons invisible directed him to the male urinal erected by the cleansing committee all over the place for the purpose but after a brief space of time during which silence reigned supreme the sailor, evidently giving it a wide berth, eased himself closer at hand, the noise of his bilgewater some little time subsequently splashing on the ground where it apparently awoke a horse of the cabrank. A hoof scooped anyway for new foothold after sleep and harness jingled. Slightly disturbed in his sentrybox by the brazier of live coke the watcher of the corporation stones who, though now broken down and fast breaking up, was none other in stern reality than the Gumley aforesaid, now practically on the parish rates, given the temporary job by Pat Tobin in all human probability from dictates of humanity knowing him before shifted about and shuffled in his box before composing his limbs again in to the arms of Morpheus, a truly amazing piece of hard lines in its most virulent form on a fellow most respectably connected and familiarised with decent home comforts all his life who came in for a cool £ 100 a year at one time which of course the doublebarrelled ass proceeded to make general ducks and drakes of. And there he was at the end of his tether after having often painted the town tolerably pink without a beggarly stiver. He drank needless to be told and it pointed only once more a moral when he might quite easily be in a large way of business if—a big if, however—he had contrived to cure himself of his particular partiality.</p>
<p>All meantime were loudly lamenting the falling off in Irish shipping, coastwise and foreign as well, which was all part and parcel of the same thing. A Palgrave Murphy boat was put off the ways at Alexandra basin, the only launch that year. Right enough the harbours were there only no ships ever called.</p>
<p>There were wrecks and wreckers, the keeper said, who was evidently <em>au fait</em>.</p>
<p>What he wanted to ascertain was why that ship ran bang against the only rock in Galway bay when the Galway harbour scheme was mooted by a Mr Worthington or some name like that, eh? Ask the then captain, he advised them, how much palmoil the British government gave him for that day’s work, Captain John Lever of the Lever Line.</p>
<p>—Am I right, skipper? he queried of the sailor, now returning after his private potation and the rest of his exertions.</p>
<p>That worthy picking up the scent of the fagend of the song or words growled in wouldbe music but with great vim some kind of chanty or other in seconds or thirds. Mr Bloom’s sharp ears heard him then expectorate the plug probably (which it was), so that he must have lodged it for the time being in his fist while he did the drinking and making water jobs and found it a bit sour after the liquid fire in question. Anyhow in he rolled after his successful libation-<em>cum</em>-potation, introducing an atmosphere of drink into the <em>soirée</em>, boisterously trolling, like a veritable son of a seacook:</p>
<p>—The biscuits was as hard as brass<br />
And the beef as salt as Lot’s wife’s arse.<br />
O, Johnny Lever!<br />
Johnny Lever, O!</p>
<p>After which effusion the redoubtable specimen duly arrived on the scene and regaining his seat he sank rather than sat heavily on the form provided. Skin-the-Goat, assuming he was he, evidently with an axe to grind, was airing his grievances in a forcible-feeble philippic anent the natural resources of Ireland or something of that sort which he described in his lengthy dissertation as the richest country bar none on the face of God’s earth, far and away superior to England, with coal in large quantities, six million pounds worth of pork exported every year, ten millions between butter and eggs and all the riches drained out of it by England levying taxes on the poor people that paid through the nose always and gobbling up the best meat in the market and a lot more surplus steam in the same vein. Their conversation accordingly became general and all agreed that that was a fact. You could grow any mortal thing in Irish soil, he stated, and there was that colonel Everard down there in Navan growing tobacco. Where would you find anywhere the like of Irish bacon? But a day of reckoning, he stated <em>crescendo</em> with no uncertain voice, thoroughly monopolising all the conversation, was in store for mighty England, despite her power of pelf on account of her crimes. There would be a fall and the greatest fall in history. The Germans and the Japs were going to have their little lookin, he affirmed. The Boers were the beginning of the end. Brummagem England was toppling already and her downfall would be Ireland, her Achilles heel, which he explained to them about the vulnerable point of Achilles, the Greek hero, a point his auditors at once seized as he completely gripped their attention by showing the tendon referred to on his boot. His advice to every Irishman was: stay in the land of your birth and work for Ireland and live for Ireland. Ireland, Parnell said, could not spare a single one of her sons.</p>
<p>Silence all round marked the termination of his <em>finale</em>. The impervious navigator heard these lurid tidings, undismayed.</p>
<p>—Take a bit of doing, boss, retaliated that rough diamond palpably a bit peeved in response to the foregoing truism.</p>
<p>To which cold douche referring to downfall and so on the keeper concurred but nevertheless held to his main view.</p>
<p>—Who’s the best troops in the army? the grizzled old veteran irately interrogated. And the best jumpers and racers? And the best admirals and generals we’ve got? Tell me that.</p>
<p>—The Irish, for choice, retorted the cabby like Campbell, facial blemishes apart.</p>
<p>—That’s right, the old tarpaulin corroborated. The Irish catholic peasant. He’s the backbone of our empire. You know Jem Mullins?</p>
<p>While allowing him his individual opinions as everyman the keeper added he cared nothing for any empire, ours or his, and considered no Irishman worthy of his salt that served it. Then they began to have a few irascible words when it waxed hotter, both, needless to say, appealing to the listeners who followed the passage of arms with interest so long as they didn’t indulge in recriminations and come to blows.</p>
<p>From inside information extending over a series of years Mr Bloom was rather inclined to poohpooh the suggestion as egregious balderdash for, pending that consummation devoutly to be or not to be wished for, he was fully cognisant of the fact that their neighbours across the channel, unless they were much bigger fools than he took them for, rather concealed their strength than the opposite. It was quite on a par with the quixotic idea in certain quarters that in a hundred million years the coal seam of the sister island would be played out and if, as time went on, that turned out to be how the cat jumped all he could personally say on the matter was that as a host of contingencies, equally relevant to the issue, might occur ere then it was highly advisable in the interim to try to make the most of both countries even though poles apart. Another little interesting point, the amours of whores and chummies, to put it in common parlance, reminded him Irish soldiers had as often fought for England as against her, more so, in fact. And now, why? So the scene between the pair of them, the licensee of the place rumoured to be or have been Fitzharris, the famous invincible, and the other, obviously bogus, reminded him forcibly as being on all fours with the confidence trick, supposing, that is, it was prearranged as the lookeron, a student of the human soul if anything, the others seeing least of the game. And as for the lessee or keeper, who probably wasn’t the other person at all, he (B.) couldn’t help feeling and most properly it was better to give people like that the goby unless you were a blithering idiot altogether and refuse to have anything to do with them as a golden rule in private life and their felonsetting, there always being the offchance of a Dannyman coming forward and turning queen’s evidence or king’s now like Denis or Peter Carey, an idea he utterly repudiated. Quite apart from that he disliked those careers of wrongdoing and crime on principle. Yet, though such criminal propensities had never been an inmate of his bosom in any shape or form, he certainly did feel and no denying it (while inwardly remaining what he was) a certain kind of admiration for a man who had actually brandished a knife, cold steel, with the courage of his political convictions (though, personally, he would never be a party to any such thing), off the same bat as those love vendettas of the south, have her or swing for her, when the husband frequently, after some words passed between the two concerning her relations with the other lucky mortal (he having had the pair watched), inflicted fatal injuries on his adored one as a result of an alternative postnuptial <em>liaison</em> by plunging his knife into her, until it just struck him that Fitz, nicknamed Skin-the-Goat, merely drove the car for the actual perpetrators of the outrage and so was not, if he was reliably informed, actually party to the ambush which, in point of fact, was the plea some legal luminary saved his skin on. In any case that was very ancient history by now and as for our friend, the pseudo Skin-the-etcetera, he had transparently outlived his welcome. He ought to have either died naturally or on the scaffold high. Like actresses, always farewell positively last performance then come up smiling again. Generous to a fault of course, temperamental, no economising or any idea of the sort, always snapping at the bone for the shadow. So similarly he had a very shrewd suspicion that Mr Johnny Lever got rid of some £. s. d. in the course of his perambulations round the docks in the congenial atmosphere of the <em>Old Ireland</em> tavern, come back to Erin and so on. Then as for the other he had heard not so long before the same identical lingo as he told Stephen how he simply but effectually silenced the offender.</p>
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<p>—He took umbrage at something or other, that muchinjured but on the whole eventempered person declared, I let slip. He called me a jew and in a heated fashion offensively. So I without deviating from plain facts in the least told him his God, I mean Christ, was a jew too and all his family like me though in reality I’m not. That was one for him. A soft answer turns away wrath. He hadn’t a word to say for himself as everyone saw. Am I not right?</p>
<p>He turned a long you are wrong gaze on Stephen of timorous dark pride at the soft impeachment with a glance also of entreaty for he seemed to glean in a kind of a way that it wasn’t all exactly.</p>
<p>—<em>Ex quibus</em>, Stephen mumbled in a noncommittal accent, their two or four eyes conversing, <em>Christus</em> or Bloom his name is or after all any other, <em>secundum carnem</em>.</p>
<p>—Of course, Mr B. proceeded to stipulate, you must look at both sides of the question. It is hard to lay down any hard and fast rules as to right and wrong but room for improvement all round there certainly is though every country, they say, our own distressful included, has the government it deserves. But with a little goodwill all round. It’s all very fine to boast of mutual superiority but what about mutual equality. I resent violence and intolerance in any shape or form. It never reaches anything or stops anything. A revolution must come on the due instalments plan. It’s a patent absurdity on the face of it to hate people because they live round the corner and speak another vernacular, in the next house so to speak.</p>
<p>—Memorable bloody bridge battle and seven minutes’ war, Stephen assented, between Skinner’s alley and Ormond market.</p>
<p>Yes, Mr Bloom thoroughly agreed, entirely endorsing the remark, that was overwhelmingly right. And the whole world was full of that sort of thing.</p>
<p>—You just took the words out of my mouth, he said. A hocuspocus of conflicting evidence that candidly you couldn’t remotely...</p>
<p>All those wretched quarrels, in his humble opinion, stirring up bad blood, from some bump of combativeness or gland of some kind, erroneously supposed to be about a punctilio of honour and a flag, were very largely a question of the money question which was at the back of everything, greed and jealousy, people never knowing when to stop.</p>
<p>—They accuse, remarked he audibly. He turned away from the others, who probably… and spoke nearer to, so as the others… in case they…</p>
<p>—Jews, he softly imparted in an aside in Stephen’s ear, are accused of ruining. Not a vestige of truth in it, I can safely say. History, would you be surprised to learn, proves up to the hilt Spain decayed when the inquisition hounded the jews out and England prospered when Cromwell, an uncommonly able ruffian who in other respects has much to answer for, imported them. Why? Because they are imbued with the proper spirit. They are practical and are proved to be so. I don’t want to indulge in any because you know the standard works on the subject and then orthodox as you are. But in the economic, not touching religion, domain the priest spells poverty. Spain again, you saw in the war, compared with goahead America. Turks. It’s in the dogma. Because if they didn’t believe they’d go straight to heaven when they die they’d try to live better, at least so I think. That’s the juggle on which the p.p.’s raise the wind on false pretences. I’m, he resumed with dramatic force, as good an Irishman as that rude person I told you about at the outset and I want to see everyone, concluded he, all creeds and classes <em>pro rata</em> having a comfortable tidysized income, in no niggard fashion either, something in the neighbourhood of £ 300 per annum. That’s the vital issue at stake and it’s feasible and would be provocative of friendlier intercourse between man and man. At least that’s my idea for what it’s worth. I call that patriotism. <em>Ubi patria</em>, as we learned a smattering of in our classical days in <em>Alma Mater, vita bene</em>. Where you can live well, the sense is, if you work.</p>
<p>Over his untastable apology for a cup of coffee, listening to this synopsis of things in general, Stephen stared at nothing in particular. He could hear, of course, all kinds of words changing colour like those crabs about Ringsend in the morning burrowing quickly into all colours of different sorts of the same sand where they had a home somewhere beneath or seemed to. Then he looked up and saw the eyes that said or didn’t say the words the voice he heard said, if you work.</p>
<p>—Count me out, he managed to remark, meaning work.</p>
<p>The eyes were surprised at this observation because as he, the person who owned them pro tem. observed or rather his voice speaking did, all must work, have to, together.</p>
<p>—I mean, of course, the other hastened to affirm, work in the widest possible sense. Also literary labour not merely for the kudos of the thing. Writing for the newspapers which is the readiest channel nowadays. That’s work too. Important work. After all, from the little I know of you, after all the money expended on your education you are entitled to recoup yourself and command your price. You have every bit as much right to live by your pen in pursuit of your philosophy as the peasant has. What? You both belong to Ireland, the brain and the brawn. Each is equally important.</p>
<p>—You suspect, Stephen retorted with a sort of a half laugh, that I may be important because I belong to the <em>faubourg Saint Patrice</em> called Ireland for short.</p>
<p>—I would go a step farther, Mr Bloom insinuated.</p>
<p>—But I suspect, Stephen interrupted, that Ireland must be important because it belongs to me.</p>
<p>—What belongs, queried Mr Bloom bending, fancying he was perhaps under some misapprehension. Excuse me. Unfortunately, I didn’t catch the latter portion. What was it you...?</p>
<p>Stephen, patently crosstempered, repeated and shoved aside his mug of coffee or whatever you like to call it none too politely, adding:</p>
<p>—We can’t change the country. Let us change the subject.</p>
<p>At this pertinent suggestion Mr Bloom, to change the subject, looked down but in a quandary, as he couldn’t tell exactly what construction to put on belongs to which sounded rather a far cry. The rebuke of some kind was clearer than the other part. Needless to say the fumes of his recent orgy spoke then with some asperity in a curious bitter way foreign to his sober state. Probably the homelife to which Mr B attached the utmost importance had not been all that was needful or he hadn’t been familiarised with the right sort of people. With a touch of fear for the young man beside him whom he furtively scrutinised with an air of some consternation remembering he had just come back from Paris, the eyes more especially reminding him forcibly of father and sister, failing to throw much light on the subject, however, he brought to mind instances of cultured fellows that promised so brilliantly nipped in the bud of premature decay and nobody to blame but themselves. For instance there was the case of O’Callaghan, for one, the halfcrazy faddist, respectably connected though of inadequate means, with his mad vagaries among whose other gay doings when rotto and making himself a nuisance to everybody all round he was in the habit of ostentatiously sporting in public a suit of brown paper (a fact). And then the usual <em>dénouement</em> after the fun had gone on fast and furious he got landed into hot water and had to be spirited away by a few friends, after a strong hint to a blind horse from John Mallon of Lower Castle Yard, so as not to be made amenable under section two of the criminal law amendment act, certain names of those subpœnaed being handed in but not divulged for reasons which will occur to anyone with a pick of brains. Briefly, putting two and two together, six sixteen which he pointedly turned a deaf ear to, Antonio and so forth, jockeys and esthetes and the tattoo which was all the go in the seventies or thereabouts even in the house of lords because early in life the occupant of the throne, then heir apparent, the other members of the upper ten and other high personages simply following in the footsteps of the head of the state, he reflected about the errors of notorieties and crowned heads running counter to morality such as the Cornwall case a number of years before under their veneer in a way scarcely intended by nature, a thing good Mrs Grundy, as the law stands, was terribly down on though not for the reason they thought they were probably whatever it was except women chiefly who were always fiddling more or less at one another it being largely a matter of dress and all the rest of it. Ladies who like distinctive underclothing should, and every welltailored man must, trying to make the gap wider between them by innuendo and give more of a genuine filip to acts of impropriety between the two, she unbuttoned his and then he untied her, mind the pin, whereas savages in the cannibal islands, say, at ninety degrees in the shade not caring a continental. However, reverting to the original, there were on the other hand others who had forced their way to the top from the lowest rung by the aid of their bootstraps. Sheer force of natural genius, that. With brains, sir.</p>
<p>For which and further reasons he felt it was his interest and duty even to wait on and profit by the unlookedfor occasion though why he could not exactly tell being as it was already several shillings to the bad having in fact let himself in for it. Still to cultivate the acquaintance of someone of no uncommon calibre who could provide food for reflection would amply repay any small. Intellectual stimulation, as such, was, he felt, from time to time a firstrate tonic for the mind. Added to which was the coincidence of meeting, discussion, dance, row, old salt of the here today and gone tomorrow type, night loafers, the whole galaxy of events, all went to make up a miniature cameo of the world we live in especially as the lives of the submerged tenth, viz. coalminers, divers, scavengers etc., were very much under the microscope lately. To improve the shining hour he wondered whether he might meet with anything approaching the same luck as Mr Philip Beaufoy if taken down in writing suppose he were to pen something out of the common groove (as he fully intended doing) at the rate of one guinea per column. <em>My Experiences</em>, let us say, <em>in a Cabman’s Shelter</em>.</p>
<p>The pink edition extra sporting of the <em>Telegraph</em> tell a graphic lie lay, as luck would have it, beside his elbow and as he was just puzzling again, far from satisfied, over a country belonging to him and the preceding rebus the vessel came from Bridgwater and the postcard was addressed A. Boudin find the captain’s age, his eyes went aimlessly over the respective captions which came under his special province the allembracing give us this day our daily press. First he got a bit of a start but it turned out to be only something about somebody named H. du Boyes, agent for typewriters or something like that. Great battle, Tokio. Lovemaking in Irish, £ 200 damages. Gordon Bennett. Emigration Swindle. Letter from His Grace. William <strong><span style="font-size: large;">✠</span></strong>. Ascot meeting, the Gold Cup. Victory of outsider <em>Throwaway</em> recalls Derby of ’92 when Capt. Marshall’s dark horse <em>Sir Hugo</em> captured the blue ribband at long odds. New York disaster. Thousand lives lost. Foot and Mouth. Funeral of the late Mr Patrick Dignam.</p>
<p>So to change the subject he read about Dignam R. I. P. which, he reflected, was anything but a gay sendoff. Or a change of address anyway.</p>
<p>—<em>This morning</em> (Hynes put it in of course) <em>the remains of the late Mr Patrick Dignam were removed from his residence, no 9 Newbridge Avenue, Sandymount, for interment in Glasnevin. The deceased gentleman was a most popular and genial personality in city life and his demise after a brief illness came as a great shock to citizens of all classes by whom he is deeply regretted. The obsequies, at which many friends of the deceased were present, were carried out</em> (certainly Hynes wrote it with a nudge from Corny) <em>by Messrs H. J. O’Neill and Son, 164 North Strand Road. The mourners included: Patk. Dignam (son), Bernard Corrigan (brother-in-law), Jno. Henry Menton, solr, Martin Cunningham, John Power, eatondph 1/8 ador dorador douradora</em> (must be where he called Monks the dayfather about Keyes’s ad) <em>Thomas Kernan, Simon Dedalus, Stephen Dedalus B. A., Edw. J. Lambert, Cornelius T. Kelleher, Joseph M’C Hynes, L. Boom, C P M’Coy,—M’Intosh and several others</em>.</p>
<p>Nettled not a little by L. <em>Boom</em> (as it incorrectly stated) and the line of bitched type but tickled to death simultaneously by C. P. M’Coy and Stephen Dedalus B. A. who were conspicuous, needless to say, by their total absence (to say nothing of M’Intosh) L. Boom pointed it out to his companion B. A. engaged in stifling another yawn, half nervousness, not forgetting the usual crop of nonsensical howlers of misprints.</p>
<p>—Is that first epistle to the Hebrews, he asked as soon as his bottom jaw would let him, in? Text: open thy mouth and put thy foot in it.</p>
<p>—It is. Really, Mr Bloom said (though first he fancied he alluded to the archbishop till he added about foot and mouth with which there could be no possible connection) overjoyed to set his mind at rest and a bit flabbergasted at Myles Crawford’s after all managing to. There.</p>
<p>While the other was reading it on page two Boom (to give him for the nonce his new misnomer) whiled away a few odd leisure moments in fits and starts with the account of the third event at Ascot on page three, his side. Value 1000 sovs with 3000 sovs in specie added. For entire colts and fillies. Mr F. Alexander’s <em>Throwaway</em>, b. h. by <em>Rightaway-Thrale</em>, 5 yrs, 9 st 4 lbs (W. Lane) 1. Lord Howard de Walden’s <em>Zinfandel</em> (M. Cannon) 2. Mr W. Bass’s <em>Sceptre</em> 3. Betting 5 to 4 on <em>Zinfandel</em>, 20 to 1 <em>Throwaway</em> (off). <em>Sceptre</em> a shade heavier. It was anybody’s race then the rank outsider drew to the fore, got long lead, beating Lord Howard de Walden’s chestnut colt and Mr W. Bass’s bay filly Sceptre on a 2 1/2 mile course. Winner trained by Braime so that Lenehan’s version of the business was all pure buncombe. Secured the verdict cleverly by a length. 1000 sovs with 3000 in specie. Also ran: J de Bremond’s (French horse Bantam Lyons was anxiously inquiring after not in yet but expected any minute) <em>Maximum II</em>. Different ways of bringing off a coup. Lovemaking damages. Though that halfbaked Lyons ran off at a tangent in his impetuosity to get left. Of course gambling eminently lent itself to that sort of thing though as the event turned out the poor fool hadn’t much reason to congratulate himself on his pick, the forlorn hope. Guesswork it reduced itself to eventually.</p>
<p>—There was every indication they would arrive at that, he, Bloom, said.</p>
<p>—Who? the other, whose hand by the way was hurt, said.</p>
<p>One morning you would open the paper, the cabman affirmed, and read: <em>Return of Parnell</em>. He bet them what they liked. A Dublin fusilier was in that shelter one night and said he saw him in South Africa. Pride it was killed him. He ought to have done away with himself or lain low for a time after committee room no 15 until he was his old self again with no-one to point a finger at him. Then they would all to a man have gone down on their marrowbones to him to come back when he had recovered his senses. Dead he wasn’t. Simply absconded somewhere. The coffin they brought over was full of stones. He changed his name to De Wet, the Boer general. He made a mistake to fight the priests. And so forth and so on.</p>
<p>All the same Bloom (properly so dubbed) was rather surprised at their memories for in nine cases out of ten it was a case of tarbarrels and not singly but in their thousands and then complete oblivion because it was twenty odd years. Highly unlikely of course there was even a shadow of truth in the stones and, even supposing, he thought a return highly inadvisable, all things considered. Something evidently riled them in his death. Either he petered out too tamely of acute pneumonia just when his various different political arrangements were nearing completion or whether it transpired he owed his death to his having neglected to change his boots and clothes after a wetting when a cold resulted and failing to consult a specialist he being confined to his room till he eventually died of it amid widespread regret before a fortnight was at an end or quite possibly they were distressed to find the job was taken out of their hands. Of course nobody being acquainted with his movements even before there was absolutely no clue as to his whereabouts which were decidedly of the <em>Alice, where art thou</em> order even prior to his starting to go under several aliases such as Fox and Stewart so the remark which emanated from friend cabby might be within the bounds of possibility. Naturally then it would prey on his mind as a born leader of men which undoubtedly he was and a commanding figure, a sixfooter or at any rate five feet ten or eleven in his stockinged feet, whereas Messrs So and So who, though they weren’t even a patch on the former man, ruled the roost after their redeeming features were very few and far between. It certainly pointed a moral, the idol with feet of clay, and then seventytwo of his trusty henchmen rounding on him with mutual mudslinging. And the identical same with murderers. You had to come back. That haunting sense kind of drew you. To show the understudy in the title <em>rôle</em> how to. He saw him once on the auspicious occasion when they broke up the type in the <em>Insuppressible</em> or was it <em>United Ireland</em>, a privilege he keenly appreciated, and, in point of fact, handed him his silk hat when it was knocked off and he said <em>Thank you</em>, excited as he undoubtedly was under his frigid exterior notwithstanding the little misadventure mentioned between the cup and the lip: what’s bred in the bone. Still as regards return. You were a lucky dog if they didn’t set the terrier at you directly you got back. Then a lot of shillyshally usually followed, Tom for and Dick and Harry against. And then, number one, you came up against the man in possession and had to produce your credentials like the claimant in the Tichborne case, Roger Charles Tichborne, <em>Bella</em> was the boat’s name to the best of his recollection he, the heir, went down in as the evidence went to show and there was a tattoo mark too in Indian ink, lord Bellew was it, as he might very easily have picked up the details from some pal on board ship and then, when got up to tally with the description given, introduce himself with: <em>Excuse me, my name is So and So</em> or some such commonplace remark. A more prudent course, as Bloom said to the not over effusive, in fact like the distinguished personage under discussion beside him, would have been to sound the lie of the land first.</p>
<p>—That bitch, that English whore, did for him, the shebeen proprietor commented. She put the first nail in his coffin.</p>
<p>—Fine lump of a woman all the same, the <em>soi-disant</em> townclerk Henry Campbell remarked, and plenty of her. She loosened many a man’s thighs. I seen her picture in a barber’s. The husband was a captain or an officer.</p>
<p>—Ay, Skin-the-Goat amusingly added, he was and a cottonball one.</p>
<p>This gratuitous contribution of a humorous character occasioned a fair amount of laughter among his <em>entourage</em>. As regards Bloom he, without the faintest suspicion of a smile, merely gazed in the direction of the door and reflected upon the historic story which had aroused extraordinary interest at the time when the facts, to make matters worse, were made public with the usual affectionate letters that passed between them full of sweet nothings. First it was strictly Platonic till nature intervened and an attachment sprang up between them till bit by bit matters came to a climax and the matter became the talk of the town till the staggering blow came as a welcome intelligence to not a few evildisposed, however, who were resolved upon encompassing his downfall though the thing was public property all along though not to anything like the sensational extent that it subsequently blossomed into. Since their names were coupled, though, since he was her declared favourite, where was the particular necessity to proclaim it to the rank and file from the housetops, the fact, namely, that he had shared her bedroom which came out in the witnessbox on oath when a thrill went through the packed court literally electrifying everybody in the shape of witnesses swearing to having witnessed him on such and such a particular date in the act of scrambling out of an upstairs apartment with the assistance of a ladder in night apparel, having gained admittance in the same fashion, a fact the weeklies, addicted to the lubric a little, simply coined shoals of money out of. Whereas the simple fact of the case was it was simply a case of the husband not being up to the scratch, with nothing in common between them beyond the name, and then a real man arriving on the scene, strong to the verge of weakness, falling a victim to her siren charms and forgetting home ties, the usual sequel, to bask in the loved one’s smiles. The eternal question of the life connubial, needless to say, cropped up. Can real love, supposing there happens to be another chap in the case, exist between married folk? Poser. Though it was no concern of theirs absolutely if he regarded her with affection, carried away by a wave of folly. A magnificent specimen of manhood he was truly augmented obviously by gifts of a high order, as compared with the other military supernumerary that is (who was just the usual everyday <em>farewell, my gallant captain</em> kind of an individual in the light dragoons, the 18<sup>th</sup> hussars to be accurate) and inflammable doubtless (the fallen leader, that is, not the other) in his own peculiar way which she of course, woman, quickly perceived as highly likely to carve his way to fame which he almost bid fair to do till the priests and ministers of the gospel as a whole, his erstwhile staunch adherents, and his beloved evicted tenants for whom he had done yeoman service in the rural parts of the country by taking up the cudgels on their behalf in a way that exceeded their most sanguine expectations, very effectually cooked his matrimonial goose, thereby heaping coals of fire on his head much in the same way as the fabled ass’s kick. Looking back now in a retrospective kind of arrangement all seemed a kind of dream. And then coming back was the worst thing you ever did because it went without saying you would feel out of place as things always moved with the times. Why, as he reflected, Irishtown strand, a locality he had not been in for quite a number of years looked different somehow since, as it happened, he went to reside on the north side. North or south, however, it was just the wellknown case of hot passion, pure and simple, upsetting the applecart with a vengeance and just bore out the very thing he was saying as she also was Spanish or half so, types that wouldn’t do things by halves, passionate abandon of the south, casting every shred of decency to the winds.</p>
<p>—Just bears out what I was saying, he, with glowing bosom said to Stephen, about blood and the sun. And, if I don’t greatly mistake she was Spanish too.</p>
<p>—The king of Spain’s daughter, Stephen answered, adding something or other rather muddled about farewell and adieu to you Spanish onions and the first land called the Deadman and from Ramhead to Scilly was so and so many.</p>
<p>—Was she? Bloom ejaculated, surprised though not astonished by any means, I never heard that rumour before. Possible, especially there, it was as she lived there. So, Spain.</p>
<p>Carefully avoiding a book in his pocket <em>Sweets of</em>, which reminded him by the by of that Capel street library book out of date, he took out his pocketbook and, turning over the various contents it contained rapidly finally he.</p>
<p>—Do you consider, by the by, he said, thoughtfully selecting a faded photo which he laid on the table, that a Spanish type?</p>
<p>Stephen, obviously addressed, looked down on the photo showing a large sized lady with her fleshy charms on evidence in an open fashion as she was in the full bloom of womanhood in evening dress cut ostentatiously low for the occasion to give a liberal display of bosom, with more than vision of breasts, her full lips parted and some perfect teeth, standing near, ostensibly with gravity, a piano on the rest of which was <em>In Old Madrid</em>, a ballad, pretty in its way, which was then all the vogue. Her (the lady’s) eyes, dark, large, looked at Stephen, about to smile about something to be admired, Lafayette of Westmoreland street, Dublin’s premier photographic artist, being responsible for the esthetic execution.</p>
<p>—Mrs Bloom, my wife the <em>prima donna</em> Madam Marion Tweedy, Bloom indicated. Taken a few years since. In or about ninety six. Very like her then.</p>
<p>Beside the young man he looked also at the photo of the lady now his legal wife who, he intimated, was the accomplished daughter of Major Brian Tweedy and displayed at an early age remarkable proficiency as a singer having even made her bow to the public when her years numbered barely sweet sixteen. As for the face it was a speaking likeness in expression but it did not do justice to her figure which came in for a lot of notice usually and which did not come out to the best advantage in that getup. She could without difficulty, he said, have posed for the ensemble, not to dwell on certain opulent curves of the. He dwelt, being a bit of an artist in his spare time, on the female form in general developmentally because, as it so happened, no later than that afternoon he had seen those Grecian statues, perfectly developed as works of art, in the National Museum. Marble could give the original, shoulders, back, all the symmetry, all the rest. Yes, puritanisme, it does though, Saint Joseph’s sovereign thievery alors (Bandez!) Figne toi trop. Whereas no photo could because it simply wasn’t art in a word.</p>
<p>The spirit moving him he would much have liked to follow Jack Tar’s good example and leave the likeness there for a very few minutes to speak for itself on the plea he so that the other could drink in the beauty for himself, her stage presence being, frankly, a treat in itself which the camera could not at all do justice to. But it was scarcely professional etiquette so. Though it was a warm pleasant sort of a night now yet wonderfully cool for the season considering, for sunshine after storm. And he did feel a kind of need there and then to follow suit like a kind of inward voice and satisfy a possible need by moving a motion. Nevertheless he sat tight just viewing the slightly soiled photo creased by opulent curves, none the worse for wear however, and looked away thoughtfully with the intention of not further increasing the other’s possible embarrassment while gauging her symmetry of heaving <em>embonpoint</em>. In fact the slight soiling was only an added charm like the case of linen slightly soiled, good as new, much better in fact with the starch out. Suppose she was gone when he? I looked for the lamp which she told me came into his mind but merely as a passing fancy of his because he then recollected the morning littered bed etcetera and the book about Ruby with met him pike hoses (<em>sic</em>) in it which must have fell down sufficiently appropriately beside the domestic chamberpot with apologies to Lindley Murray.</p>
<p>The vicinity of the young man he certainly relished, educated, <em>distingué</em> and impulsive into the bargain, far and away the pick of the bunch though you wouldn’t think he had it in him yet you would. Besides he said the picture was handsome which, say what you like, it was though at the moment she was distinctly stouter. And why not? An awful lot of makebelieve went on about that sort of thing involving a lifelong slur with the usual splash page of gutterpress about the same old matrimonial tangle alleging misconduct with professional golfer or the newest stage favourite instead of being honest and aboveboard about the whole business. How they were fated to meet and an attachment sprang up between the two so that their names were coupled in the public eye was told in court with letters containing the habitual mushy and compromising expressions leaving no loophole to show that they openly cohabited two or three times a week at some wellknown seaside hotel and relations, when the thing ran its normal course, became in due course intimate. Then the decree <em>nisi</em> and the King’s proctor tries to show cause why and, he failing to quash it, <em>nisi</em> was made absolute. But as for that the two misdemeanants, wrapped up as they largely were in one another, could safely afford to ignore it as they very largely did till the matter was put in the hands of a solicitor who filed a petition for the party wronged in due course. He, B, enjoyed the distinction of being close to Erin’s uncrowned king in the flesh when the thing occurred on the historic <em>fracas</em> when the fallen leader’s, who notoriously stuck to his guns to the last drop even when clothed in the mantle of adultery, (leader’s) trusty henchmen to the number of ten or a dozen or possibly even more than that penetrated into the printing works of the <em>Insuppressible</em> or no it was <em>United Ireland</em> (a by no means by the by appropriate appellative) and broke up the typecases with hammers or something like that all on account of some scurrilous effusions from the facile pens of the O’Brienite scribes at the usual mudslinging occupation reflecting on the erstwhile tribune’s private morals. Though palpably a radically altered man he was still a commanding figure though carelessly garbed as usual with that look of settled purpose which went a long way with the shillyshallyers till they discovered to their vast discomfiture that their idol had feet of clay after placing him upon a pedestal which she, however, was the first to perceive. As those were particularly hot times in the general hullaballoo Bloom sustained a minor injury from a nasty prod of some chap’s elbow in the crowd that of course congregated lodging some place about the pit of the stomach, fortunately not of a grave character. His hat (Parnell’s) a silk one was inadvertently knocked off and, as a matter of strict history, Bloom was the man who picked it up in the crush after witnessing the occurrence meaning to return it to him (and return it to him he did with the utmost celerity) who panting and hatless and whose thoughts were miles away from his hat at the time all the same being a gentleman born with a stake in the country he, as a matter of fact, having gone into it more for the kudos of the thing than anything else, what’s bred in the bone instilled into him in infancy at his mother’s knee in the shape of knowing what good form was came out at once because he turned round to the donor and thanked him with perfect <em>aplomb</em>, saying: <em>Thank you, sir</em>, though in a very different tone of voice from the ornament of the legal profession whose headgear Bloom also set to rights earlier in the course of the day, history repeating itself with a difference, after the burial of a mutual friend when they had left him alone in his glory after the grim task of having committed his remains to the grave.</p>
<p>On the other hand what incensed him more inwardly was the blatant jokes of the cabman and so on who passed it all off as a jest, laughing immoderately, pretending to understand everything, the why and the wherefore, and in reality not knowing their own minds, it being a case for the two parties themselves unless it ensued that the legitimate husband happened to be a party to it owing to some anonymous letter from the usual boy Jones, who happened to come across them at the crucial moment in a loving position locked in one another’s arms, drawing attention to their illicit proceedings and leading up to a domestic rumpus and the erring fair one begging forgiveness of her lord and master upon her knees and promising to sever the connection and not receive his visits any more if only the aggrieved husband would overlook the matter and let bygones be bygones with tears in her eyes though possibly with her tongue in her fair cheek at the same time as quite possibly there were several others. He personally, being of a sceptical bias, believed and didn’t make the smallest bones about saying so either that man or men in the plural were always hanging around on the waiting list about a lady, even supposing she was the best wife in the world and they got on fairly well together for the sake of argument, when, neglecting her duties, she chose to be tired of wedded life and was on for a little flutter in polite debauchery to press their attentions on her with improper intent, the upshot being that her affections centred on another, the cause of many <em>liaisons</em> between still attractive married women getting on for fair and forty and younger men, no doubt as several famous cases of feminine infatuation proved up to the hilt.</p>
<p>It was a thousand pities a young fellow, blessed with an allowance of brains as his neighbour obviously was, should waste his valuable time with profligate women who might present him with a nice dose to last him his lifetime. In the nature of single blessedness he would one day take unto himself a wife when Miss Right came on the scene but in the interim ladies’ society was a <em>conditio sine qua non</em> though he had the gravest possible doubts, not that he wanted in the smallest to pump Stephen about Miss Ferguson (who was very possibly the particular lodestar who brought him down to Irishtown so early in the morning), as to whether he would find much satisfaction basking in the boy and girl courtship idea and the company of smirking misses without a penny to their names bi or triweekly with the orthodox preliminary canter of complimentplaying and walking out leading up to fond lovers’ ways and flowers and chocs. To think of him house and homeless, rooked by some landlady worse than any stepmother, was really too bad at his age. The queer suddenly things he popped out with attracted the elder man who was several years the other’s senior or like his father but something substantial he certainly ought to eat even were it only an eggflip made on unadulterated maternal nutriment or, failing that, the homely Humpty Dumpty boiled.</p>
<p>—At what o’clock did you dine? he questioned of the slim form and tired though unwrinkled face.</p>
<p>—Some time yesterday, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—Yesterday! exclaimed Bloom till he remembered it was already tomorrow Friday. Ah, you mean it’s after twelve!</p>
<p>—The day before yesterday, Stephen said, improving on himself.</p>
<p>Literally astounded at this piece of intelligence Bloom reflected. Though they didn’t see eye to eye in everything a certain analogy there somehow was as if both their minds were travelling, so to speak, in the one train of thought. At his age when dabbling in politics roughly some score of years previously when he had been a <em>quasi</em> aspirant to parliamentary honours in the Buckshot Foster days he too recollected in retrospect (which was a source of keen satisfaction in itself) he had a sneaking regard for those same ultra ideas. For instance when the evicted tenants question, then at its first inception, bulked largely in people’s mind though, it goes without saying, not contributing a copper or pinning his faith absolutely to its dictums, some of which wouldn’t exactly hold water, he at the outset in principle at all events was in thorough sympathy with peasant possession as voicing the trend of modern opinion (a partiality, however, which, realising his mistake, he was subsequently partially cured of) and even was twitted with going a step farther than Michael Davitt in the striking views he at one time inculcated as a backtothelander, which was one reason he strongly resented the innuendo put upon him in so barefaced a fashion by our friend at the gathering of the clans in Barney Kiernan’s so that he, though often considerably misunderstood and the least pugnacious of mortals, be it repeated, departed from his customary habit to give him (metaphorically) one in the gizzard though, so far as politics themselves were concerned, he was only too conscious of the casualties invariably resulting from propaganda and displays of mutual animosity and the misery and suffering it entailed as a foregone conclusion on fine young fellows, chiefly, destruction of the fittest, in a word.</p>
<p>Anyhow upon weighing up the pros and cons, getting on for one, as it was, it was high time to be retiring for the night. The crux was it was a bit risky to bring him home as eventualities might possibly ensue (somebody having a temper of her own sometimes) and spoil the hash altogether as on the night he misguidedly brought home a dog (breed unknown) with a lame paw (not that the cases were either identical or the reverse though he had hurt his hand too) to Ontario Terrace as he very distinctly remembered, having been there, so to speak. On the other hand it was altogether far and away too late for the Sandymount or Sandycove suggestion so that he was in some perplexity as to which of the two alternatives. Everything pointed to the fact that it behoved him to avail himself to the full of the opportunity, all things considered. His initial impression was he was a shade standoffish or not over effusive but it grew on him someway. For one thing he mightn’t what you call jump at the idea, if approached, and what mostly worried him was he didn’t know how to lead up to it or word it exactly, supposing he did entertain the proposal, as it would afford him very great personal pleasure if he would allow him to help to put coin in his way or some wardrobe, if found suitable. At all events he wound up by concluding, eschewing for the nonce hidebound precedent, a cup of Epps’s cocoa and a shakedown for the night plus the use of a rug or two and overcoat doubled into a pillow at least he would be in safe hands and as warm as a toast on a trivet he failed to perceive any very vast amount of harm in that always with the proviso no rumpus of any sort was kicked up. A move had to be made because that merry old soul, the grasswidower in question who appeared to be glued to the spot, didn’t appear in any particular hurry to wend his way home to his dearly beloved Queenstown and it was highly likely some sponger’s bawdyhouse of retired beauties where age was no bar off Sheriff street lower would be the best clue to that equivocal character’s whereabouts for a few days to come, alternately racking their feelings (the mermaids’) with sixchamber revolver anecdotes verging on the tropical calculated to freeze the marrow of anybody’s bones and mauling their largesized charms betweenwhiles with rough and tumble gusto to the accompaniment of large potations of potheen and the usual blarney about himself for as to who he in reality was let x equal my right name and address, as Mr Algebra remarks <em>passim</em>. At the same time he inwardly chuckled over his gentle repartee to the blood and ouns champion about his god being a jew. People could put up with being bitten by a wolf but what properly riled them was a bite from a sheep. The most vulnerable point too of tender Achilles. Your god was a jew. Because mostly they appeared to imagine he came from Carrick-on-Shannon or somewhereabouts in the county Sligo.</p>
<p>—I propose, our hero eventually suggested after mature reflection while prudently pocketing her photo, as it’s rather stuffy here you just come home with me and talk things over. My diggings are quite close in the vicinity. You can’t drink that stuff. Do you like cocoa? Wait. I’ll just pay this lot.</p>
<p>The best plan clearly being to clear out, the remainder being plain sailing, he beckoned, while prudently pocketing the photo, to the keeper of the shanty who didn’t seem to.</p>
<p>—Yes, that’s the best, he assured Stephen to whom for the matter of that Brazen Head or him or anywhere else was all more or less.</p>
<p>All kinds of Utopian plans were flashing through his (B’s) busy brain, education (the genuine article), literature, journalism, prize titbits, up to date billing, concert tours in English watering resorts packed with hydros and seaside theatres, turning money away, duets in Italian with the accent perfectly true to nature and a quantity of other things, no necessity, of course, to tell the world and his wife from the housetops about it, and a slice of luck. An opening was all was wanted. Because he more than suspected he had his father’s voice to bank his hopes on which it was quite on the cards he had so it would be just as well, by the way no harm, to trail the conversation in the direction of that particular red herring just to.</p>
<p>The cabby read out of the paper he had got hold of that the former viceroy, earl Cadogan, had presided at the cabdrivers’ association dinner in London somewhere. Silence with a yawn or two accompanied this thrilling announcement. Then the old specimen in the corner who appeared to have some spark of vitality left read out that sir Anthony MacDonnell had left Euston for the chief secretary’s lodge or words to that effect. To which absorbing piece of intelligence echo answered why.</p>
<p>—Give us a squint at that literature, grandfather, the ancient mariner put in, manifesting some natural impatience.</p>
<p>—And welcome, answered the elderly party thus addressed.</p>
<p>The sailor lugged out from a case he had a pair of greenish goggles which he very slowly hooked over his nose and both ears.</p>
<p>—Are you bad in the eyes? the sympathetic personage like the townclerk queried.</p>
<p>—Why, answered the seafarer with the tartan beard, who seemingly was a bit of a literary cove in his own small way, staring out of seagreen portholes as you might well describe them as, I uses goggles reading. Sand in the Red Sea done that. One time I could read a book in the dark, manner of speaking. <em>The Arabian Nights Entertainment</em> was my favourite and <em>Red as a Rose is She.</em></p>
<p>Hereupon he pawed the journal open and pored upon Lord only knows what, found drowned or the exploits of King Willow, Iremonger having made a hundred and something second wicket not out for Notts, during which time (completely regardless of Ire) the keeper was intensely occupied loosening an apparently new or secondhand boot which manifestly pinched him as he muttered against whoever it was sold it, all of them who were sufficiently awake enough to be picked out by their facial expressions, that is to say, either simply looking on glumly or passing a trivial remark.</p>
<p>To cut a long story short Bloom, grasping the situation, was the first to rise from his seat so as not to outstay their welcome having first and foremost, being as good as his word that he would foot the bill for the occasion, taken the wise precaution to unobtrusively motion to mine host as a parting shot a scarcely perceptible sign when the others were not looking to the effect that the amount due was forthcoming, making a grand total of fourpence (the amount he deposited unobtrusively in four coppers, literally the last of the Mohicans), he having previously spotted on the printed pricelist for all who ran to read opposite him in unmistakable figures, coffee 2d, confectionery do, and honestly well worth twice the money once in a way, as Wetherup used to remark.</p>
<p>—Come, he counselled to close the <em>séance</em>.</p>
<p>Seeing that the ruse worked and the coast was clear they left the shelter or shanty together and the <em>élite</em> society of oilskin and company whom nothing short of an earthquake would move out of their <em>dolce far niente</em>. Stephen, who confessed to still feeling poorly and fagged out, paused at the, for a moment, the door.</p>
<p>—One thing I never understood, he said to be original on the spur of the moment. Why they put tables upside down at night, I mean chairs upside down, on the tables in cafés. To which impromptu the neverfailing Bloom replied without a moment’s hesitation, saying straight off:</p>
<p>—To sweep the floor in the morning.</p>
<p>So saying he skipped around, nimbly considering, frankly at the same time apologetic to get on his companion’s right, a habit of his, by the bye, his right side being, in classical idiom, his tender Achilles. The night air was certainly now a treat to breathe though Stephen was a bit weak on his pins.</p>
<p>—It will (the air) do you good, Bloom said, meaning also the walk, in a moment. The only thing is to walk then you’ll feel a different man. Come. It’s not far. Lean on me.</p>
<p>Accordingly he passed his left arm in Stephen’s right and led him on accordingly.</p>
<p>—Yes, Stephen said uncertainly because he thought he felt a strange kind of flesh of a different man approach him, sinewless and wobbly and all that.</p>
<p>Anyhow they passed the sentrybox with stones, brazier etc. where the municipal supernumerary, ex Gumley, was still to all intents and purposes wrapped in the arms of Murphy, as the adage has it, dreaming of fresh fields and pastures new. And <em>apropos</em> of coffin of stones the analogy was not at all bad as it was in fact a stoning to death on the part of seventytwo out of eighty odd constituencies that ratted at the time of the split and chiefly the belauded peasant class, probably the selfsame evicted tenants he had put in their holdings.</p>
<p>So they turned on to chatting about music, a form of art for which Bloom, as a pure amateur, possessed the greatest love, as they made tracks arm in arm across Beresford place. Wagnerian music, though confessedly grand in its way, was a bit too heavy for Bloom and hard to follow at the first go-off but the music of Mercadante’s <em>Huguenots</em>, Meyerbeer’s <em>Seven Last Words on the Cross</em> and Mozart’s <em>Twelfth Mass</em> he simply revelled in, the <em>Gloria</em> in that being, to his mind, the acme of first class music as such, literally knocking everything else into a cocked hat. He infinitely preferred the sacred music of the catholic church to anything the opposite shop could offer in that line such as those Moody and Sankey hymns or <em>Bid me to live and I will live thy protestant to be</em>. He also yielded to none in his admiration of Rossini’s <em>Stabat Mater</em>, a work simply abounding in immortal numbers, in which his wife, Madam Marion Tweedy, made a hit, a veritable sensation, he might safely say, greatly adding to her other laurels and putting the others totally in the shade, in the jesuit fathers’ church in upper Gardiner street, the sacred edifice being thronged to the doors to hear her with virtuosos, or <em>virtuosi</em> rather. There was the unanimous opinion that there was none to come up to her and suffice it to say in a place of worship for music of a sacred character there was a generally voiced desire for an encore. On the whole though favouring preferably light opera of the <em>Don Giovanni</em> description and <em>Martha</em>, a gem in its line, he had a <em>penchant</em>, though with only a surface knowledge, for the severe classical school such as Mendelssohn. And talking of that, taking it for granted he knew all about the old favourites, he mentioned <em>par excellence</em> Lionel’s air in <em>Martha, M’appari</em>, which, curiously enough, he had heard or overheard, to be more accurate, on yesterday, a privilege he keenly appreciated, from the lips of Stephen’s respected father, sung to perfection, a study of the number, in fact, which made all the others take a back seat. Stephen, in reply to a politely put query, said he didn’t sing it but launched out into praises of Shakespeare’s songs, at least of in or about that period, the lutenist Dowland who lived in Fetter lane near Gerard the herbalist, who <em>anno ludendo hausi, Doulandus</em>, an instrument he was contemplating purchasing from Mr Arnold Dolmetsch, whom B. did not quite recall though the name certainly sounded familiar, for sixtyfive guineas and Farnaby and son with their <em>dux</em> and <em>comes</em> conceits and Byrd (William) who played the virginals, he said, in the Queen’s chapel or anywhere else he found them and one Tomkins who made toys or airs and John Bull.</p>
<p>On the roadway which they were approaching whilst still speaking beyond the swingchains a horse, dragging a sweeper, paced on the paven ground, brushing a long swathe of mire up so that with the noise Bloom was not perfectly certain whether he had caught aright the allusion to sixtyfive guineas and John Bull. He inquired if it was John Bull the political celebrity of that ilk, as it struck him, the two identical names, as a striking coincidence.</p>
<p>By the chains the horse slowly swerved to turn, which perceiving, Bloom, who was keeping a sharp lookout as usual, plucked the other’s sleeve gently, jocosely remarking:</p>
<p>—Our lives are in peril tonight. Beware of the steamroller.</p>
<p>They thereupon stopped. Bloom looked at the head of a horse not worth anything like sixtyfive guineas, suddenly in evidence in the dark quite near so that it seemed new, a different grouping of bones and even flesh because palpably it was a fourwalker, a hipshaker, a blackbuttocker, a taildangler, a headhanger putting his hind foot foremost the while the lord of his creation sat on the perch, busy with his thoughts. But such a good poor brute he was sorry he hadn’t a lump of sugar but, as he wisely reflected, you could scarcely be prepared for every emergency that might crop up. He was just a big nervous foolish noodly kind of a horse, without a second care in the world. But even a dog, he reflected, take that mongrel in Barney Kiernan’s, of the same size, would be a holy horror to face. But it was no animal’s fault in particular if he was built that way like the camel, ship of the desert, distilling grapes into potheen in his hump. Nine tenths of them all could be caged or trained, nothing beyond the art of man barring the bees. Whale with a harpoon hairpin, alligator tickle the small of his back and he sees the joke, chalk a circle for a rooster, tiger my eagle eye. These timely reflections anent the brutes of the field occupied his mind somewhat distracted from Stephen’s words while the ship of the street was manœuvring and Stephen went on about the highly interesting old.</p>
<p>—What’s this I was saying? Ah, yes! My wife, he intimated, plunging <em>in medias res</em>, would have the greatest of pleasure in making your acquaintance as she is passionately attached to music of any kind.</p>
<p>He looked sideways in a friendly fashion at the sideface of Stephen, image of his mother, which was not quite the same as the usual handsome blackguard type they unquestionably had an insatiable hankering after as he was perhaps not that way built.</p>
<p>Still, supposing he had his father’s gift as he more than suspected, it opened up new vistas in his mind such as Lady Fingall’s Irish industries, concert on the preceding Monday, and aristocracy in general.</p>
<p>Exquisite variations he was now describing on an air <em>Youth here has End</em> by Jans Pieter Sweelinck, a Dutchman of Amsterdam where the frows come from. Even more he liked an old German song of <em>Johannes Jeep</em> about the clear sea and the voices of sirens, sweet murderers of men, which boggled Bloom a bit:</p>
<p>Von der Sirenen Listigkeit<br />
Tun die Poeten dichten.</p>
<p>These opening bars he sang and translated <em>extempore</em>. Bloom, nodding, said he perfectly understood and begged him to go on by all means which he did.</p>
<p>A phenomenally beautiful tenor voice like that, the rarest of boons, which Bloom appreciated at the very first note he got out, could easily, if properly handled by some recognised authority on voice production such as Barraclough and being able to read music into the bargain, command its own price where baritones were ten a penny and procure for its fortunate possessor in the near future an <em>entrée</em> into fashionable houses in the best residential quarters of financial magnates in a large way of business and titled people where with his university degree of B. A. (a huge ad in its way) and gentlemanly bearing to all the more influence the good impression he would infallibly score a distinct success, being blessed with brains which also could be utilised for the purpose and other requisites, if his clothes were properly attended to so as to the better worm his way into their good graces as he, a youthful tyro in society’s sartorial niceties, hardly understood how a little thing like that could militate against you. It was in fact only a matter of months and he could easily foresee him participating in their musical and artistic <em>conversaziones</em> during the festivities of the Christmas season, for choice, causing a slight flutter in the dovecotes of the fair sex and being made a lot of by ladies out for sensation, cases of which, as he happened to know, were on record—in fact, without giving the show away, he himself once upon a time, if he cared to, could easily have. Added to which of course would be the pecuniary emolument by no means to be sneezed at, going hand in hand with his tuition fees. Not, he parenthesised, that for the sake of filthy lucre he need necessarily embrace the lyric platform as a walk in life for any lengthy space of time. But a step in the required direction it was beyond yea or nay and both monetarily and mentally it contained no reflection on his dignity in the smallest and it often turned in uncommonly handy to be handed a cheque at a muchneeded moment when every little helped. Besides, though taste latterly had deteriorated to a degree, original music like that, different from the conventional rut, would rapidly have a great vogue as it would be a decided novelty for Dublin’s musical world after the usual hackneyed run of catchy tenor solos foisted on a confiding public by Ivan St Austell and Hilton St Just and their <em>genus omne</em>. Yes, beyond a shadow of a doubt he could with all the cards in his hand and he had a capital opening to make a name for himself and win a high place in the city’s esteem where he could command a stiff figure and, booking ahead, give a grand concert for the patrons of the King street house, given a backerup, if one were forthcoming to kick him upstairs, so to speak, a big <em>if</em>, however, with some impetus of the goahead sort to obviate the inevitable procrastination which often tripped up a too much fêted prince of good fellows. And it need not detract from the other by one iota as, being his own master, he would have heaps of time to practise literature in his spare moments when desirous of so doing without its clashing with his vocal career or containing anything derogatory whatsoever as it was a matter for himself alone. In fact, he had the ball at his feet and that was the very reason why the other, possessed of a remarkably sharp nose for smelling a rat of any sort, hung on to him at all.</p>
<p>The horse was just then. And later on at a propitious opportunity he purposed (Bloom did), without anyway prying into his private affairs on the <em>fools step in where angels</em> principle, advising him to sever his connection with a certain budding practitioner who, he noticed, was prone to disparage and even to a slight extent with some hilarious pretext when not present, deprecate him, or whatever you like to call it which in Bloom’s humble opinion threw a nasty sidelight on that side of a person’s character, no pun intended.</p>
<p>The horse having reached the end of his tether, so to speak, halted and, rearing high a proud feathering tail, added his quota by letting fall on the floor which the brush would soon brush up and polish, three smoking globes of turds. Slowly three times, one after another, from a full crupper he mired. And humanely his driver waited till he (or she) had ended, patient in his scythed car.</p>
<p>Side by side Bloom, profiting by the <em>contretemps</em>, with Stephen passed through the gap of the chains, divided by the upright, and, stepping over a strand of mire, went across towards Gardiner street lower, Stephen singing more boldly, but not loudly, the end of the ballad.</p>
<p>Und alle Schiffe brücken.</p>
<p>The driver never said a word, good, bad or indifferent, but merely watched the two figures, as he sat on his lowbacked car, both black, one full, one lean, walk towards the railway bridge, <em>to be married by Father Maher</em>. As they walked they at times stopped and walked again continuing their <em>tête à tête</em> (which, of course, he was utterly out of) about sirens, enemies of man’s reason, mingled with a number of other topics of the same category, usurpers, historical cases of the kind while the man in the sweeper car or you might as well call it in the sleeper car who in any case couldn’t possibly hear because they were too far simply sat in his seat near the end of lower Gardiner street <em>and looked after their lowbacked car</em>.</p>
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<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-24.htm.html_chap17"></span>[ 17 ]</h3>
<p>What parallel courses did Bloom and Stephen follow returning?</p>
<p>Starting united both at normal walking pace from Beresford place they followed in the order named Lower and Middle Gardiner streets and Mountjoy square, west: then, at reduced pace, each bearing left, Gardiner’s place by an inadvertence as far as the farther corner of Temple street: then, at reduced pace with interruptions of halt, bearing right, Temple street, north, as far as Hardwicke place. Approaching, disparate, at relaxed walking pace they crossed both the circus before George’s church diametrically, the chord in any circle being less than the arc which it subtends.</p>
<p>Of what did the duumvirate deliberate during their itinerary?</p>
<p>Music, literature, Ireland, Dublin, Paris, friendship, woman, prostitution, diet, the influence of gaslight or the light of arc and glowlamps on the growth of adjoining paraheliotropic trees, exposed corporation emergency dustbuckets, the Roman catholic church, ecclesiastical celibacy, the Irish nation, jesuit education, careers, the study of medicine, the past day, the maleficent influence of the presabbath, Stephen’s collapse.</p>
<p>Did Bloom discover common factors of similarity between their respective like and unlike reactions to experience?</p>
<p>Both were sensitive to artistic impressions, musical in preference to plastic or pictorial. Both preferred a continental to an insular manner of life, a cisatlantic to a transatlantic place of residence. Both indurated by early domestic training and an inherited tenacity of heterodox resistance professed their disbelief in many orthodox religious, national, social and ethical doctrines. Both admitted the alternately stimulating and obtunding influence of heterosexual magnetism.</p>
<p>Were their views on some points divergent?</p>
<p>Stephen dissented openly from Bloom’s views on the importance of dietary and civic selfhelp while Bloom dissented tacitly from Stephen’s views on the eternal affirmation of the spirit of man in literature. Bloom assented covertly to Stephen’s rectification of the anachronism involved in assigning the date of the conversion of the Irish nation to christianity from druidism by Patrick son of Calpornus, son of Potitus, son of Odyssus, sent by pope Celestine I in the year 432 in the reign of Leary to the year 260 or thereabouts in the reign of Cormac MacArt († 266 A.D.), suffocated by imperfect deglutition of aliment at Sletty and interred at Rossnaree. The collapse which Bloom ascribed to gastric inanition and certain chemical compounds of varying degrees of adulteration and alcoholic strength, accelerated by mental exertion and the velocity of rapid circular motion in a relaxing atmosphere, Stephen attributed to the reapparition of a matutinal cloud (perceived by both from two different points of observation Sandycove and Dublin) at first no bigger than a woman’s hand.</p>
<p>Was there one point on which their views were equal and negative?</p>
<p>The influence of gaslight or electric light on the growth of adjoining paraheliotropic trees.</p>
<p>Had Bloom discussed similar subjects during nocturnal perambulations in the past?</p>
<p>In 1884 with Owen Goldberg and Cecil Turnbull at night on public thoroughfares between Longwood avenue and Leonard’s corner and Leonard’s corner and Synge street and Synge street and Bloomfield avenue. In 1885 with Percy Apjohn in the evenings, reclined against the wall between Gibraltar villa and Bloomfield house in Crumlin, barony of Uppercross. In 1886 occasionally with casual acquaintances and prospective purchasers on doorsteps, in front parlours, in third class railway carriages of suburban lines. In 1888 frequently with major Brian Tweedy and his daughter Miss Marion Tweedy, together and separately on the lounge in Matthew Dillon’s house in Roundtown. Once in 1892 and once in 1893 with Julius (Juda) Mastiansky, on both occasions in the parlour of his (Bloom’s) house in Lombard street, west.</p>
<p>What reflection concerning the irregular sequence of dates 1884, 1885, 1886, 1888, 1892, 1893, 1904 did Bloom make before their arrival at their destination?</p>
<p>He reflected that the progressive extension of the field of individual development and experience was regressively accompanied by a restriction of the converse domain of interindividual relations.</p>
<p>As in what ways?</p>
<p>From inexistence to existence he came to many and was as one received: existence with existence he was with any as any with any: from existence to nonexistence gone he would be by all as none perceived.</p>
<p>What act did Bloom make on their arrival at their destination?</p>
<p>At the housesteps of the 4th of the equidifferent uneven numbers, number 7 Eccles street, he inserted his hand mechanically into the back pocket of his trousers to obtain his latchkey.</p>
<p>Was it there?</p>
<p>It was in the corresponding pocket of the trousers which he had worn on the day but one preceding.</p>
<p>Why was he doubly irritated?</p>
<p>Because he had forgotten and because he remembered that he had reminded himself twice not to forget.</p>
<p>What were then the alternatives before the, premeditatedly (respectively) and inadvertently, keyless couple?</p>
<p>To enter or not to enter. To knock or not to knock.</p>
<p>Bloom’s decision?</p>
<p>A stratagem. Resting his feet on the dwarf wall, he climbed over the area railings, compressed his hat on his head, grasped two points at the lower union of rails and stiles, lowered his body gradually by its length of five feet nine inches and a half to within two feet ten inches of the area pavement and allowed his body to move freely in space by separating himself from the railings and crouching in preparation for the impact of the fall.</p>
<p>Did he fall?</p>
<p>By his body’s known weight of eleven stone and four pounds in avoirdupois measure, as certified by the graduated machine for periodical selfweighing in the premises of Francis Froedman, pharmaceutical chemist of 19 Frederick street, north, on the last feast of the Ascension, to wit, the twelfth day of May of the bissextile year one thousand nine hundred and four of the christian era (jewish era five thousand six hundred and sixtyfour, mohammadan era one thousand three hundred and twentytwo), golden number 5, epact 13, solar cycle 9, dominical letters C B, Roman indiction 2, Julian period 6617, MCMIV.</p>
<p>Did he rise uninjured by concussion?</p>
<p>Regaining new stable equilibrium he rose uninjured though concussed by the impact, raised the latch of the area door by the exertion of force at its freely moving flange and by leverage of the first kind applied at its fulcrum, gained retarded access to the kitchen through the subadjacent scullery, ignited a lucifer match by friction, set free inflammable coal gas by turning on the ventcock, lit a high flame which, by regulating, he reduced to quiescent candescence and lit finally a portable candle.</p>
<p>What discrete succession of images did Stephen meanwhile perceive?</p>
<p>Reclined against the area railings he perceived through the transparent kitchen panes a man regulating a gasflame of 14 CP, a man lighting a candle of 1 CP, a man removing in turn each of his two boots, a man leaving the kitchen holding a candle.</p>
<p>Did the man reappear elsewhere?</p>
<p>After a lapse of four minutes the glimmer of his candle was discernible through the semitransparent semicircular glass fanlight over the halldoor. The halldoor turned gradually on its hinges. In the open space of the doorway the man reappeared without his hat, with his candle.</p>
<p>Did Stephen obey his sign?</p>
<p>Yes, entering softly, he helped to close and chain the door and followed softly along the hallway the man’s back and listed feet and lighted candle past a lighted crevice of doorway on the left and carefully down a turning staircase of more than five steps into the kitchen of Bloom’s house.</p>
<p>What did Bloom do?</p>
<p>He extinguished the candle by a sharp expiration of breath upon its flame, drew two spoonseat deal chairs to the hearthstone, one for Stephen with its back to the area window, the other for himself when necessary, knelt on one knee, composed in the grate a pyre of crosslaid resintipped sticks and various coloured papers and irregular polygons of best Abram coal at twentyone shillings a ton from the yard of Messrs Flower and M’Donald of 14 D’Olier street, kindled it at three projecting points of paper with one ignited lucifer match, thereby releasing the potential energy contained in the fuel by allowing its carbon and hydrogen elements to enter into free union with the oxygen of the air.</p>
<p>Of what similar apparitions did Stephen think?</p>
<p>Of others elsewhere in other times who, kneeling on one knee or on two, had kindled fires for him, of Brother Michael in the infirmary of the college of the Society of Jesus at Clongowes Wood, Sallins, in the county of Kildare: of his father, Simon Dedalus, in an unfurnished room of his first residence in Dublin, number thirteen Fitzgibbon street: of his godmother Miss Kate Morkan in the house of her dying sister Miss Julia Morkan at 15 Usher’s Island: of his aunt Sara, wife of Richie (Richard) Goulding, in the kitchen of their lodgings at 62 Clanbrassil street: of his mother Mary, wife of Simon Dedalus, in the kitchen of number twelve North Richmond street on the morning of the feast of Saint Francis Xavier 1898: of the dean of studies, Father Butt, in the physics’ theatre of university College, 16 Stephen’s Green, north: of his sister Dilly (Delia) in his father’s house in Cabra.</p>
<p>What did Stephen see on raising his gaze to the height of a yard from the fire towards the opposite wall?</p>
<p>Under a row of five coiled spring housebells a curvilinear rope, stretched between two holdfasts athwart across the recess beside the chimney pier, from which hung four smallsized square handkerchiefs folded unattached consecutively in adjacent rectangles and one pair of ladies’ grey hose with Lisle suspender tops and feet in their habitual position clamped by three erect wooden pegs two at their outer extremities and the third at their point of junction.</p>
<p>What did Bloom see on the range?</p>
<p>On the right (smaller) hob a blue enamelled saucepan: on the left (larger) hob a black iron kettle.</p>
<p>What did Bloom do at the range?</p>
<p>He removed the saucepan to the left hob, rose and carried the iron kettle to the sink in order to tap the current by turning the faucet to let it flow.</p>
<p>Did it flow?</p>
<p>Yes. From Roundwood reservoir in county Wicklow of a cubic capacity of 2400 million gallons, percolating through a subterranean aqueduct of filter mains of single and double pipeage constructed at an initial plant cost of £ 5 per linear yard by way of the Dargle, Rathdown, Glen of the Downs and Callowhill to the 26 acre reservoir at Stillorgan, a distance of 22 statute miles, and thence, through a system of relieving tanks, by a gradient of 250 feet to the city boundary at Eustace bridge, upper Leeson street, though from prolonged summer drouth and daily supply of 12 1/2 million gallons the water had fallen below the sill of the overflow weir for which reason the borough surveyor and waterworks engineer, Mr Spencer Harty, C. E., on the instructions of the waterworks committee had prohibited the use of municipal water for purposes other than those of consumption (envisaging the possibility of recourse being had to the impotable water of the Grand and Royal canals as in 1893) particularly as the South Dublin Guardians, notwithstanding their ration of 15 gallons per day per pauper supplied through a 6 inch meter, had been convicted of a wastage of 20,000 gallons per night by a reading of their meter on the affirmation of the law agent of the corporation, Mr Ignatius Rice, solicitor, thereby acting to the detriment of another section of the public, selfsupporting taxpayers, solvent, sound.</p>
<p>What in water did Bloom, waterlover, drawer of water, watercarrier, returning to the range, admire?</p>
<p>Its universality: its democratic equality and constancy to its nature in seeking its own level: its vastness in the ocean of Mercator’s projection: its unplumbed profundity in the Sundam trench of the Pacific exceeding 8000 fathoms: the restlessness of its waves and surface particles visiting in turn all points of its seaboard: the independence of its units: the variability of states of sea: its hydrostatic quiescence in calm: its hydrokinetic turgidity in neap and spring tides: its subsidence after devastation: its sterility in the circumpolar icecaps, arctic and antarctic: its climatic and commercial significance: its preponderance of 3 to 1 over the dry land of the globe: its indisputable hegemony extending in square leagues over all the region below the subequatorial tropic of Capricorn: the multisecular stability of its primeval basin: its luteofulvous bed: its capacity to dissolve and hold in solution all soluble substances including millions of tons of the most precious metals: its slow erosions of peninsulas and islands, its persistent formation of homothetic islands, peninsulas and downwardtending promontories: its alluvial deposits: its weight and volume and density: its imperturbability in lagoons and highland tarns: its gradation of colours in the torrid and temperate and frigid zones: its vehicular ramifications in continental lakecontained streams and confluent oceanflowing rivers with their tributaries and transoceanic currents, gulfstream, north and south equatorial courses: its violence in seaquakes, waterspouts, Artesian wells, eruptions, torrents, eddies, freshets, spates, groundswells, watersheds, waterpartings, geysers, cataracts, whirlpools, maelstroms, inundations, deluges, cloudbursts: its vast circumterrestrial ahorizontal curve: its secrecy in springs and latent humidity, revealed by rhabdomantic or hygrometric instruments and exemplified by the well by the hole in the wall at Ashtown gate, saturation of air, distillation of dew: the simplicity of its composition, two constituent parts of hydrogen with one constituent part of oxygen: its healing virtues: its buoyancy in the waters of the Dead Sea: its persevering penetrativeness in runnels, gullies, inadequate dams, leaks on shipboard: its properties for cleansing, quenching thirst and fire, nourishing vegetation: its infallibility as paradigm and paragon: its metamorphoses as vapour, mist, cloud, rain, sleet, snow, hail: its strength in rigid hydrants: its variety of forms in loughs and bays and gulfs and bights and guts and lagoons and atolls and archipelagos and sounds and fjords and minches and tidal estuaries and arms of sea: its solidity in glaciers, icebergs, icefloes: its docility in working hydraulic millwheels, turbines, dynamos, electric power stations, bleachworks, tanneries, scutchmills: its utility in canals, rivers, if navigable, floating and graving docks: its potentiality derivable from harnessed tides or watercourses falling from level to level: its submarine fauna and flora (anacoustic, photophobe), numerically, if not literally, the inhabitants of the globe: its ubiquity as constituting 90 % of the human body: the noxiousness of its effluvia in lacustrine marshes, pestilential fens, faded flowerwater, stagnant pools in the waning moon.</p>
<p>Having set the halffilled kettle on the now burning coals, why did he return to the stillflowing tap?</p>
<p>To wash his soiled hands with a partially consumed tablet of Barrington’s lemonflavoured soap, to which paper still adhered, (bought thirteen hours previously for fourpence and still unpaid for), in fresh cold neverchanging everchanging water and dry them, face and hands, in a long redbordered holland cloth passed over a wooden revolving roller.</p>
<p>What reason did Stephen give for declining Bloom’s offer?</p>
<p>That he was hydrophobe, hating partial contact by immersion or total by submersion in cold water, (his last bath having taken place in the month of October of the preceding year), disliking the aqueous substances of glass and crystal, distrusting aquacities of thought and language.</p>
<p>What impeded Bloom from giving Stephen counsels of hygiene and prophylactic to which should be added suggestions concerning a preliminary wetting of the head and contraction of the muscles with rapid splashing of the face and neck and thoracic and epigastric region in case of sea or river bathing, the parts of the human anatomy most sensitive to cold being the nape, stomach and thenar or sole of foot?</p>
<p>The incompatibility of aquacity with the erratic originality of genius.</p>
<p>What additional didactic counsels did he similarly repress?</p>
<p>Dietary: concerning the respective percentage of protein and caloric energy in bacon, salt ling and butter, the absence of the former in the lastnamed and the abundance of the latter in the firstnamed.</p>
<p>Which seemed to the host to be the predominant qualities of his guest?</p>
<p>Confidence in himself, an equal and opposite power of abandonment and recuperation.</p>
<p>What concomitant phenomenon took place in the vessel of liquid by the agency of fire?</p>
<p>The phenomenon of ebullition. Fanned by a constant updraught of ventilation between the kitchen and the chimneyflue, ignition was communicated from the faggots of precombustible fuel to polyhedral masses of bituminous coal, containing in compressed mineral form the foliated fossilised decidua of primeval forests which had in turn derived their vegetative existence from the sun, primal source of heat (radiant), transmitted through omnipresent luminiferous diathermanous ether. Heat (convected), a mode of motion developed by such combustion, was constantly and increasingly conveyed from the source of calorification to the liquid contained in the vessel, being radiated through the uneven unpolished dark surface of the metal iron, in part reflected, in part absorbed, in part transmitted, gradually raising the temperature of the water from normal to boiling point, a rise in temperature expressible as the result of an expenditure of 72 thermal units needed to raise 1 pound of water from 50° to 212° Fahrenheit.</p>
<p>What announced the accomplishment of this rise in temperature?</p>
<p>A double falciform ejection of water vapour from under the kettlelid at both sides simultaneously.</p>
<p>For what personal purpose could Bloom have applied the water so boiled?</p>
<p>To shave himself.</p>
<p>What advantages attended shaving by night?</p>
<p>A softer beard: a softer brush if intentionally allowed to remain from shave to shave in its agglutinated lather: a softer skin if unexpectedly encountering female acquaintances in remote places at incustomary hours: quiet reflections upon the course of the day: a cleaner sensation when awaking after a fresher sleep since matutinal noises, premonitions and perturbations, a clattered milkcan, a postman’s double knock, a paper read, reread while lathering, relathering the same spot, a shock, a shoot, with thought of aught he sought though fraught with nought might cause a faster rate of shaving and a nick on which incision plaster with precision cut and humected and applied adhered: which was to be done.</p>
<p>Why did absence of light disturb him less than presence of noise?</p>
<p>Because of the surety of the sense of touch in his firm full masculine feminine passive active hand.</p>
<p>What quality did it (his hand) possess but with what counteracting influence?</p>
<p>The operative surgical quality but that he was reluctant to shed human blood even when the end justified the means, preferring, in their natural order, heliotherapy, psychophysicotherapeutics, osteopathic surgery.</p>
<p>What lay under exposure on the lower, middle and upper shelves of the kitchen dresser, opened by Bloom?</p>
<p>On the lower shelf five vertical breakfast plates, six horizontal breakfast saucers on which rested inverted breakfast cups, a moustachecup, uninverted, and saucer of Crown Derby, four white goldrimmed eggcups, an open shammy purse displaying coins, mostly copper, and a phial of aromatic (violet) comfits. On the middle shelf a chipped eggcup containing pepper, a drum of table salt, four conglomerated black olives in oleaginous paper, an empty pot of Plumtree’s potted meat, an oval wicker basket bedded with fibre and containing one Jersey pear, a halfempty bottle of William Gilbey and Co’s white invalid port, half disrobed of its swathe of coralpink tissue paper, a packet of Epps’s soluble cocoa, five ounces of Anne Lynch’s choice tea at 2/- per lb in a crinkled leadpaper bag, a cylindrical canister containing the best crystallised lump sugar, two onions, one, the larger, Spanish, entire, the other, smaller, Irish, bisected with augmented surface and more redolent, a jar of Irish Model Dairy’s cream, a jug of brown crockery containing a naggin and a quarter of soured adulterated milk, converted by heat into water, acidulous serum and semisolidified curds, which added to the quantity subtracted for Mr Bloom’s and Mrs Fleming’s breakfasts, made one imperial pint, the total quantity originally delivered, two cloves, a halfpenny and a small dish containing a slice of fresh ribsteak. On the upper shelf a battery of jamjars (empty) of various sizes and proveniences.</p>
<p>What attracted his attention lying on the apron of the dresser?</p>
<p>Four polygonal fragments of two lacerated scarlet betting tickets, numbered 8 87, 88 6.</p>
<p>What reminiscences temporarily corrugated his brow?</p>
<p>Reminiscences of coincidences, truth stranger than fiction, preindicative of the result of the Gold Cup flat handicap, the official and definitive result of which he had read in the <em>Evening Telegraph</em>, late pink edition, in the cabman’s shelter, at Butt bridge.</p>
<p>Where had previous intimations of the result, effected or projected, been received by him?</p>
<p>In Bernard Kiernan’s licensed premises 8, 9 and 10 little Britain street: in David Byrne’s licensed premises, 14 Duke street: in O’Connell street lower, outside Graham Lemon’s when a dark man had placed in his hand a throwaway (subsequently thrown away), advertising Elijah, restorer of the church in Zion: in Lincoln place outside the premises of F. W. Sweny and Co (Limited), dispensing chemists, when, when Frederick M. (Bantam) Lyons had rapidly and successively requested, perused and restituted the copy of the current issue of the <em>Freeman’s Journal</em> and <em>National Press</em> which he had been about to throw away (subsequently thrown away), he had proceeded towards the oriental edifice of the Turkish and Warm Baths, 11 Leinster street, with the light of inspiration shining in his countenance and bearing in his arms the secret of the race, graven in the language of prediction.</p>
<p>What qualifying considerations allayed his perturbations?</p>
<p>The difficulties of interpretation since the significance of any event followed its occurrence as variably as the acoustic report followed the electrical discharge and of counterestimating against an actual loss by failure to interpret the total sum of possible losses proceeding originally from a successful interpretation.</p>
<p>His mood?</p>
<p>He had not risked, he did not expect, he had not been disappointed, he was satisfied.</p>
<p>What satisfied him?</p>
<p>To have sustained no positive loss. To have brought a positive gain to others. Light to the gentiles.</p>
<p>How did Bloom prepare a collation for a gentile?</p>
<p>He poured into two teacups two level spoonfuls, four in all, of Epps’s soluble cocoa and proceeded according to the directions for use printed on the label, to each adding after sufficient time for infusion the prescribed ingredients for diffusion in the manner and in the quantity prescribed.</p>
<p>What supererogatory marks of special hospitality did the host show his guest?</p>
<p>Relinquishing his symposiarchal right to the moustache cup of imitation Crown Derby presented to him by his only daughter, Millicent (Milly), he substituted a cup identical with that of his guest and served extraordinarily to his guest and, in reduced measure, to himself the viscous cream ordinarily reserved for the breakfast of his wife Marion (Molly).</p>
<p>Was the guest conscious of and did he acknowledge these marks of hospitality?</p>
<p>His attention was directed to them by his host jocosely, and he accepted them seriously as they drank in jocoserious silence Epps’s massproduct, the creature cocoa.</p>
<p>Were there marks of hospitality which he contemplated but suppressed, reserving them for another and for himself on future occasions to complete the act begun?</p>
<p>The reparation of a fissure of the length of 1 1/2 inches in the right side of his guest’s jacket. A gift to his guest of one of the four lady’s handkerchiefs, if and when ascertained to be in a presentable condition.</p>
<p>Who drank more quickly?</p>
<p>Bloom, having the advantage of ten seconds at the initiation and taking, from the concave surface of a spoon along the handle of which a steady flow of heat was conducted, three sips to his opponent’s one, six to two, nine to three.</p>
<p>What cerebration accompanied his frequentative act?</p>
<p>Concluding by inspection but erroneously that his silent companion was engaged in mental composition he reflected on the pleasures derived from literature of instruction rather than of amusement as he himself had applied to the works of William Shakespeare more than once for the solution of difficult problems in imaginary or real life.</p>
<p>Had he found their solution?</p>
<p>In spite of careful and repeated reading of certain classical passages, aided by a glossary, he had derived imperfect conviction from the text, the answers not bearing in all points.</p>
<p>What lines concluded his first piece of original verse written by him, potential poet, at the age of 11 in 1877 on the occasion of the offering of three prizes of 10/-, 5/- and 2/6 respectively for competition by the <em>Shamrock</em>, a weekly newspaper?</p>
<p>An ambition to squint<br />
At my verses in print<br />
Makes me hope that for these you’ll find room.<br />
If you so condescend<br />
Then please place at the end<br />
The name of yours truly, L. Bloom.</p>
<p>Did he find four separating forces between his temporary guest and him?</p>
<p>Name, age, race, creed.</p>
<p>What anagrams had he made on his name in youth?</p>
<p>Leopold Bloom<br />
Ellpodbomool<br />
Molldopeloob<br />
Bollopedoom<br />
Old Ollebo, M. P.</p>
<p>What acrostic upon the abbreviation of his first name had he (kinetic poet) sent to Miss Marion (Molly) Tweedy on the 14 February 1888?</p>
<p><strong>P</strong>oets oft have sung in rhyme<br />
<strong>O</strong>f music sweet their praise divine.<br />
<strong>L</strong>et them hymn it nine times nine.<br />
<strong>D</strong>earer far than song or wine.<br />
<strong>Y</strong>ou are mine. The world is mine.</p>
<p>What had prevented him from completing a topical song (music by R. G. Johnston) on the events of the past, or fixtures for the actual, years, entitled <em>If Brian Boru could but come back and see old Dublin now</em>, commissioned by Michael Gunn, lessee of the Gaiety Theatre, 46, 47, 48, 49 South King street, and to be introduced into the sixth scene, the valley of diamonds, of the second edition (30 January 1893) of the grand annual Christmas pantomime <em>Sinbad the Sailor</em> (produced by R. Shelton 26 December 1892, written by Greenleaf Whittier, scenery by George A. Jackson and Cecil Hicks, costumes by Mrs and Miss Whelan under the personal supervision of Mrs Michael Gunn, ballets by Jessie Noir, harlequinade by Thomas Otto) and sung by Nelly Bouverist, principal girl?</p>
<p>Firstly, oscillation between events of imperial and of local interest, the anticipated diamond jubilee of Queen Victoria (born 1820, acceded 1837) and the posticipated opening of the new municipal fish market: secondly, apprehension of opposition from extreme circles on the questions of the respective visits of Their Royal Highnesses the duke and duchess of York (real) and of His Majesty King Brian Boru (imaginary): thirdly, a conflict between professional etiquette and professional emulation concerning the recent erections of the Grand Lyric Hall on Burgh Quay and the Theatre Royal in Hawkins street: fourthly, distraction resultant from compassion for Nelly Bouverist’s non-intellectual, non-political, non-topical expression of countenance and concupiscence caused by Nelly Bouverist’s revelations of white articles of non-intellectual, non-political, non-topical underclothing while she (Nelly Bouverist) was in the articles: fifthly, the difficulties of the selection of appropriate music and humorous allusions from <em>Everybody’s Book of Jokes</em> (1000 pages and a laugh in every one): sixthly, the rhymes, homophonous and cacophonous, associated with the names of the new lord mayor, Daniel Tallon, the new high sheriff, Thomas Pile and the new solicitorgeneral, Dunbar Plunket Barton.</p>
<p>What relation existed between their ages?</p>
<p>16 years before in 1888 when Bloom was of Stephen’s present age Stephen was 6. 16 years after in 1920 when Stephen would be of Bloom’s present age Bloom would be 54. In 1936 when Bloom would be 70 and Stephen 54 their ages initially in the ratio of 16 to 0 would be as 17 1/2 to 13 1/2, the proportion increasing and the disparity diminishing according as arbitrary future years were added, for if the proportion existing in 1883 had continued immutable, conceiving that to be possible, till then 1904 when Stephen was 22 Bloom would be 374 and in 1920 when Stephen would be 38, as Bloom then was, Bloom would be 646 while in 1952 when Stephen would have attained the maximum postdiluvian age of 70 Bloom, being 1190 years alive having been born in the year 714, would have surpassed by 221 years the maximum antediluvian age, that of Methusalah, 969 years, while, if Stephen would continue to live until he would attain that age in the year 3072 A.D., Bloom would have been obliged to have been alive 83,300 years, having been obliged to have been born in the year 81,396 B.C.</p>
<p>What events might nullify these calculations?</p>
<p>The cessation of existence of both or either, the inauguration of a new era or calendar, the annihilation of the world and consequent extermination of the human species, inevitable but impredictable.</p>
<p>How many previous encounters proved their preexisting acquaintance?</p>
<p>Two. The first in the lilacgarden of Matthew Dillon’s house, Medina Villa, Kimmage road, Roundtown, in 1887, in the company of Stephen’s mother, Stephen being then of the age of 5 and reluctant to give his hand in salutation. The second in the coffeeroom of Breslin’s hotel on a rainy Sunday in the January of 1892, in the company of Stephen’s father and Stephen’s granduncle, Stephen being then 5 years older.</p>
<p>Did Bloom accept the invitation to dinner given then by the son and afterwards seconded by the father?</p>
<p>Very gratefully, with grateful appreciation, with sincere appreciative gratitude, in appreciatively grateful sincerity of regret, he declined.</p>
<p>Did their conversation on the subject of these reminiscences reveal a third connecting link between them?</p>
<p>Mrs Riordan (Dante), a widow of independent means, had resided in the house of Stephen’s parents from 1 September 1888 to 29 December 1891 and had also resided during the years 1892, 1893 and 1894 in the City Arms Hotel owned by Elizabeth O’Dowd of 54 Prussia street where, during parts of the years 1893 and 1894, she had been a constant informant of Bloom who resided also in the same hotel, being at that time a clerk in the employment of Joseph Cuffe of 5 Smithfield for the superintendence of sales in the adjacent Dublin Cattle market on the North Circular road.</p>
<p>Had he performed any special corporal work of mercy for her?</p>
<p>He had sometimes propelled her on warm summer evenings, an infirm widow of independent, if limited, means, in her convalescent bathchair with slow revolutions of its wheels as far as the corner of the North Circular road opposite Mr Gavin Low’s place of business where she had remained for a certain time scanning through his onelensed binocular fieldglasses unrecognisable citizens on tramcars, roadster bicycles equipped with inflated pneumatic tyres, hackney carriages, tandems, private and hired landaus, dogcarts, ponytraps and brakes passing from the city to the Phoenix Park and <em>vice versa</em>.</p>
<p>Why could he then support that his vigil with the greater equanimity?</p>
<p>Because in middle youth he had often sat observing through a rondel of bossed glass of a multicoloured pane the spectacle offered with continual changes of the thoroughfare without, pedestrians, quadrupeds, velocipedes, vehicles, passing slowly, quickly, evenly, round and round and round the rim of a round and round precipitous globe.</p>
<p>What distinct different memories had each of her now eight years deceased?</p>
<p>The older, her bezique cards and counters, her Skye terrier, her suppositious wealth, her lapses of responsiveness and incipient catarrhal deafness: the younger, her lamp of colza oil before the statue of the Immaculate Conception, her green and maroon brushes for Charles Stewart Parnell and for Michael Davitt, her tissue papers.</p>
<p>Were there no means still remaining to him to achieve the rejuvenation which these reminiscences divulged to a younger companion rendered the more desirable?</p>
<p>The indoor exercises, formerly intermittently practised, subsequently abandoned, prescribed in Eugen Sandow’s <em>Physical Strength and How to Obtain It</em> which, designed particularly for commercial men engaged in sedentary occupations, were to be made with mental concentration in front of a mirror so as to bring into play the various families of muscles and produce successively a pleasant rigidity, a more pleasant relaxation and the most pleasant repristination of juvenile agility.</p>
<p>Had any special agility been his in earlier youth?</p>
<p>Though ringweight lifting had been beyond his strength and the full circle gyration beyond his courage yet as a High school scholar he had excelled in his stable and protracted execution of the half lever movement on the parallel bars in consequence of his abnormally developed abdominal muscles.</p>
<p>Did either openly allude to their racial difference?</p>
<p>Neither.</p>
<p>What, reduced to their simplest reciprocal form, were Bloom’s thoughts about Stephen’s thoughts about Bloom and about Stephen’s thoughts about Bloom’s thoughts about Stephen?</p>
<p>He thought that he thought that he was a jew whereas he knew that he knew that he knew that he was not.</p>
<p>What, the enclosures of reticence removed, were their respective parentages?</p>
<p>Bloom, only born male transubstantial heir of Rudolf Virag (subsequently Rudolph Bloom) of Szombathely, Vienna, Budapest, Milan, London and Dublin and of Ellen Higgins, second daughter of Julius Higgins (born Karoly) and Fanny Higgins (born Hegarty). Stephen, eldest surviving male consubstantial heir of Simon Dedalus of Cork and Dublin and of Mary, daughter of Richard and Christina Goulding (born Grier).</p>
<p>Had Bloom and Stephen been baptised, and where and by whom, cleric or layman?</p>
<p>Bloom (three times), by the reverend Mr Gilmer Johnston M. A., alone, in the protestant church of Saint Nicholas Without, Coombe, by James O’Connor, Philip Gilligan and James Fitzpatrick, together, under a pump in the village of Swords, and by the reverend Charles Malone C. C., in the church of the Three Patrons, Rathgar. Stephen (once) by the reverend Charles Malone C. C., alone, in the church of the Three Patrons, Rathgar.</p>
<p>Did they find their educational careers similar?</p>
<p>Substituting Stephen for Bloom Stoom would have passed successively through a dame’s school and the high school. Substituting Bloom for Stephen Blephen would have passed successively through the preparatory, junior, middle and senior grades of the intermediate and through the matriculation, first arts, second arts and arts degree courses of the royal university.</p>
<p>Why did Bloom refrain from stating that he had frequented the university of life?</p>
<p>Because of his fluctuating incertitude as to whether this observation had or had not been already made by him to Stephen or by Stephen to him.</p>
<p>What two temperaments did they individually represent?</p>
<p>The scientific. The artistic.</p>
<p>What proofs did Bloom adduce to prove that his tendency was towards applied, rather than towards pure, science?</p>
<p>Certain possible inventions of which he had cogitated when reclining in a state of supine repletion to aid digestion, stimulated by his appreciation of the importance of inventions now common but once revolutionary, for example, the aeronautic parachute, the reflecting telescope, the spiral corkscrew, the safety pin, the mineral water siphon, the canal lock with winch and sluice, the suction pump.</p>
<p>Were these inventions principally intended for an improved scheme of kindergarten?</p>
<p>Yes, rendering obsolete popguns, elastic airbladders, games of hazard, catapults. They comprised astronomical kaleidoscopes exhibiting the twelve constellations of the zodiac from Aries to Pisces, miniature mechanical orreries, arithmetical gelatine lozenges, geometrical to correspond with zoological biscuits, globemap playing balls, historically costumed dolls.</p>
<p>What also stimulated him in his cogitations?</p>
<p>The financial success achieved by Ephraim Marks and Charles A. James, the former by his 1d bazaar at 42 George’s street, south, the latter at his 6 1/2d shop and world’s fancy fair and waxwork exhibition at 30 Henry street, admission 2d, children 1d: and the infinite possibilities hitherto unexploited of the modern art of advertisement if condensed in triliteral monoideal symbols, vertically of maximum visibility (divined), horizontally of maximum legibility (deciphered) and of magnetising efficacy to arrest involuntary attention, to interest, to convince, to decide.</p>
<p>Such as?</p>
<p>K. 11. Kino’s 11/— Trousers.</p>
<p>House of Keys. Alexander J. Keyes.</p>
<p>Such as not?</p>
<p>Look at this long candle. Calculate when it burns out and you receive gratis 1 pair of our special non-compo boots, guaranteed 1 candle power. Address: Barclay and Cook, 18 Talbot street.<br />
Bacilikil (Insect Powder).<br />
Veribest (Boot Blacking).<br />
Uwantit (Combined pocket twoblade penknife with corkscrew, nailfile and pipecleaner).</p>
<p>Such as never?</p>
<p>What is home without Plumtree’s Potted Meat?<br />
Incomplete.<br />
With it an abode of bliss.<br />
Manufactured by George Plumtree, 23 Merchants’ quay, Dublin, put up in 4 oz pots, and inserted by Councillor Joseph P. Nannetti, M. P., Rotunda Ward, 19 Hardwicke street, under the obituary notices and anniversaries of deceases. The name on the label is Plumtree. A plumtree in a meatpot, registered trade mark. Beware of imitations. Peatmot. Trumplee. Moutpat. Plamtroo.</p>
<p>Which example did he adduce to induce Stephen to deduce that originality, though producing its own reward, does not invariably conduce to success?</p>
<p>His own ideated and rejected project of an illuminated showcart, drawn by a beast of burden, in which two smartly dressed girls were to be seated engaged in writing.</p>
<p>What suggested scene was then constructed by Stephen?</p>
<p>Solitary hotel in mountain pass. Autumn. Twilight. Fire lit. In dark corner young man seated. Young woman enters. Restless. Solitary. She sits. She goes to window. She stands. She sits. Twilight. She thinks. On solitary hotel paper she writes. She thinks. She writes. She sighs. Wheels and hoofs. She hurries out. He comes from his dark corner. He seizes solitary paper. He holds it towards fire. Twilight. He reads. Solitary.</p>
<p>What?</p>
<p>In sloping, upright and backhands: Queen’s Hotel, Queen’s Hotel, Queen’s Hotel. Queen’s Ho...</p>
<p>What suggested scene was then reconstructed by Bloom?</p>
<p>The Queen’s Hotel, Ennis, county Clare, where Rudolph Bloom (Rudolf Virag) died on the evening of the 27 June 1886, at some hour unstated, in consequence of an overdose of monkshood (aconite) selfadministered in the form of a neuralgic liniment composed of 2 parts of aconite liniment to 1 of chloroform liniment (purchased by him at 10.20 a.m. on the morning of 27 June 1886 at the medical hall of Francis Dennehy, 17 Church street, Ennis) after having, though not in consequence of having, purchased at 3.15 p.m. on the afternoon of 27 June 1886 a new boater straw hat, extra smart (after having, though not in consequence of having, purchased at the hour and in the place aforesaid, the toxin aforesaid), at the general drapery store of James Cullen, 4 Main street, Ennis.</p>
<p>Did he attribute this homonymity to information or coincidence or intuition?</p>
<p>Coincidence.</p>
<p>Did he depict the scene verbally for his guest to see?</p>
<p>He preferred himself to see another’s face and listen to another’s words by which potential narration was realised and kinetic temperament relieved.</p>
<p>Did he see only a second coincidence in the second scene narrated to him, described by the narrator as <em>A Pisgah Sight of Palestine</em> or <em>The Parable of the Plums</em>?</p>
<p>It, with the preceding scene and with others unnarrated but existent by implication, to which add essays on various subjects or moral apothegms (e.g. <em>My Favourite Hero</em> or <em>Procrastination is the Thief of Time</em>) composed during schoolyears, seemed to him to contain in itself and in conjunction with the personal equation certain possibilities of financial, social, personal and sexual success, whether specially collected and selected as model pedagogic themes (of cent per cent merit) for the use of preparatory and junior grade students or contributed in printed form, following the precedent of Philip Beaufoy or Doctor Dick or Heblon’s <em>Studies in Blue</em>, to a publication of certified circulation and solvency or employed verbally as intellectual stimulation for sympathetic auditors, tacitly appreciative of successful narrative and confidently augurative of successful achievement, during the increasingly longer nights gradually following the summer solstice on the day but three following, videlicet, Tuesday, 21 June (S. Aloysius Gonzaga), sunrise 3.33 a.m., sunset 8.29 p.m.</p>
<p>Which domestic problem as much as, if not more than, any other frequently engaged his mind?</p>
<p>What to do with our wives.</p>
<p>What had been his hypothetical singular solutions?</p>
<p>Parlour games (dominos, halma, tiddledywinks, spilikins, cup and ball, nap, spoil five, bezique, twentyfive, beggar my neighbour, draughts, chess or backgammon): embroidery, darning or knitting for the policeaided clothing society: musical duets, mandoline and guitar, piano and flute, guitar and piano: legal scrivenery or envelope addressing: biweekly visits to variety entertainments: commercial activity as pleasantly commanding and pleasingly obeyed mistress proprietress in a cool dairy shop or warm cigar divan: the clandestine satisfaction of erotic irritation in masculine brothels, state inspected and medically controlled: social visits, at regular infrequent prevented intervals and with regular frequent preventive superintendence, to and from female acquaintances of recognised respectability in the vicinity: courses of evening instruction specially designed to render liberal instruction agreeable.</p>
<p>What instances of deficient mental development in his wife inclined him in favour of the lastmentioned (ninth) solution?</p>
<p>In disoccupied moments she had more than once covered a sheet of paper with signs and hieroglyphics which she stated were Greek and Irish and Hebrew characters. She had interrogated constantly at varying intervals as to the correct method of writing the capital initial of the name of a city in Canada, Quebec. She understood little of political complications, internal, or balance of power, external. In calculating the addenda of bills she frequently had recourse to digital aid. After completion of laconic epistolary compositions she abandoned the implement of calligraphy in the encaustic pigment, exposed to the corrosive action of copperas, green vitriol and nutgall. Unusual polysyllables of foreign origin she interpreted phonetically or by false analogy or by both: metempsychosis (met him pike hoses), <em>alias</em> (a mendacious person mentioned in sacred scripture).</p>
<p>What compensated in the false balance of her intelligence for these and such deficiencies of judgment regarding persons, places and things?</p>
<p>The false apparent parallelism of all perpendicular arms of all balances, proved true by construction. The counterbalance of her proficiency of judgment regarding one person, proved true by experiment.</p>
<p>How had he attempted to remedy this state of comparative ignorance?</p>
<p>Variously. By leaving in a conspicuous place a certain book open at a certain page: by assuming in her, when alluding explanatorily, latent knowledge: by open ridicule in her presence of some absent other’s ignorant lapse.</p>
<p>With what success had he attempted direct instruction?</p>
<p>She followed not all, a part of the whole, gave attention with interest comprehended with surprise, with care repeated, with greater difficulty remembered, forgot with ease, with misgiving reremembered, rerepeated with error.</p>
<p>What system had proved more effective?</p>
<p>Indirect suggestion implicating selfinterest.</p>
<p>Example?</p>
<p>She disliked umbrella with rain, he liked woman with umbrella, she disliked new hat with rain, he liked woman with new hat, he bought new hat with rain, she carried umbrella with new hat.</p>
<p>Accepting the analogy implied in his guest’s parable which examples of postexilic eminence did he adduce?</p>
<p>Three seekers of the pure truth, Moses of Egypt, Moses Maimonides, author of <em>More Nebukim</em> (Guide of the Perplexed) and Moses Mendelssohn of such eminence that from Moses (of Egypt) to Moses (Mendelssohn) there arose none like Moses (Maimonides).</p>
<p>What statement was made, under correction, by Bloom concerning a fourth seeker of pure truth, by name Aristotle, mentioned, with permission, by Stephen?</p>
<p>That the seeker mentioned had been a pupil of a rabbinical philosopher, name uncertain.</p>
<p>Were other anapocryphal illustrious sons of the law and children of a selected or rejected race mentioned?</p>
<p>Felix Bartholdy Mendelssohn (composer), Baruch Spinoza (philosopher), Mendoza (pugilist), Ferdinand Lassalle (reformer, duellist).</p>
<p>What fragments of verse from the ancient Hebrew and ancient Irish languages were cited with modulations of voice and translation of texts by guest to host and by host to guest?</p>
<p>By Stephen: <em>suil, suil, suil arun, suil go siocair agus suil go cuin</em> (walk, walk, walk your way, walk in safety, walk with care).</p>
<p>By Bloom: <em>Kifeloch, harimon rakatejch m’baad l’zamatejch</em> (thy temple amid thy hair is as a slice of pomegranate).</p>
<p>How was a glyphic comparison of the phonic symbols of both languages made in substantiation of the oral comparison?</p>
<p>By juxtaposition. On the penultimate blank page of a book of inferior literary style, entituled <em>Sweets of Sin</em> (produced by Bloom and so manipulated that its front cover came in contact with the surface of the table) with a pencil (supplied by Stephen) Stephen wrote the Irish characters for gee, eh, dee, em, simple and modified, and Bloom in turn wrote the Hebrew characters ghimel, aleph, daleth and (in the absence of mem) a substituted qoph, explaining their arithmetical values as ordinal and cardinal numbers, videlicet 3, 1, 4, and 100.</p>
<p>Was the knowledge possessed by both of each of these languages, the extinct and the revived, theoretical or practical?</p>
<p>Theoretical, being confined to certain grammatical rules of accidence and syntax and practically excluding vocabulary.</p>
<p>What points of contact existed between these languages and between the peoples who spoke them?</p>
<p>The presence of guttural sounds, diacritic aspirations, epenthetic and servile letters in both languages: their antiquity, both having been taught on the plain of Shinar 242 years after the deluge in the seminary instituted by Fenius Farsaigh, descendant of Noah, progenitor of Israel, and ascendant of Heber and Heremon, progenitors of Ireland: their archaeological, genealogical, hagiographical, exegetical, homiletic, toponomastic, historical and religious literatures comprising the works of rabbis and culdees, Torah, Talmud (Mischna and Ghemara), Massor, Pentateuch, Book of the Dun Cow, Book of Ballymote, Garland of Howth, Book of Kells: their dispersal, persecution, survival and revival: the isolation of their synagogical and ecclesiastical rites in ghetto (S. Mary’s Abbey) and masshouse (Adam and Eve’s tavern): the proscription of their national costumes in penal laws and jewish dress acts: the restoration in Chanah David of Zion and the possibility of Irish political autonomy or devolution.</p>
<p>What anthem did Bloom chant partially in anticipation of that multiple, ethnically irreducible consummation?</p>
<p>Kolod balejwaw pnimah<br />
Nefesch, jehudi, homijah.</p>
<p>Why was the chant arrested at the conclusion of this first distich?</p>
<p>In consequence of defective mnemotechnic.</p>
<p>How did the chanter compensate for this deficiency?</p>
<p>By a periphrastic version of the general text.</p>
<p>In what common study did their mutual reflections merge?</p>
<p>The increasing simplification traceable from the Egyptian epigraphic hieroglyphs to the Greek and Roman alphabets and the anticipation of modern stenography and telegraphic code in the cuneiform inscriptions (Semitic) and the virgular quinquecostate ogham writing (Celtic).</p>
<p>Did the guest comply with his host’s request?</p>
<p>Doubly, by appending his signature in Irish and Roman characters.</p>
<p>What was Stephen’s auditive sensation?</p>
<p>He heard in a profound ancient male unfamiliar melody the accumulation of the past.</p>
<p>What was Bloom’s visual sensation?</p>
<p>He saw in a quick young male familiar form the predestination of a future.</p>
<p>What were Stephen’s and Bloom’s quasisimultaneous volitional quasisensations of concealed identities?</p>
<p>Visually, Stephen’s: The traditional figure of hypostasis, depicted by Johannes Damascenus, Lentulus Romanus and Epiphanius Monachus as leucodermic, sesquipedalian with winedark hair.</p>
<p>Auditively, Bloom’s: The traditional accent of the ecstasy of catastrophe.</p>
<p>What future careers had been possible for Bloom in the past and with what exemplars?</p>
<p>In the church, Roman, Anglican or Nonconformist: exemplars, the very reverend John Conmee S. J., the reverend T. Salmon, D. D., provost of Trinity college, Dr Alexander J. Dowie. At the bar, English or Irish: exemplars, Seymour Bushe, K. C., Rufus Isaacs, K. C. On the stage, modern or Shakespearean: exemplars, Charles Wyndham, high comedian, Osmond Tearle († 1901), exponent of Shakespeare.</p>
<p>Did the host encourage his guest to chant in a modulated voice a strange legend on an allied theme?</p>
<p>Reassuringly, their place, where none could hear them talk, being secluded, reassured, the decocted beverages, allowing for subsolid residual sediment of a mechanical mixture, water plus sugar plus cream plus cocoa, having been consumed.</p>
<p>Recite the first (major) part of this chanted legend.</p>
<p>Little Harry Hughes and his schoolfellows all<br />
Went out for to play ball.<br />
And the very first ball little Harry Hughes played<br />
He drove it o’er the jew’s garden wall.<br />
And the very second ball little Harry Hughes played<br />
He broke the jew’s windows all.</p>
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<p>How did the son of Rudolph receive this first part?</p>
<p>With unmixed feeling. Smiling, a jew, he heard with pleasure and saw the unbroken kitchen window.</p>
<p>Recite the second part (minor) of the legend.</p>
<p>Then out there came the jew’s daughter<br />
And she all dressed in green.<br />
“Come back, come back, you pretty little boy,<br />
And play your ball again.”<br />
<br />
I can’t come back and I won’t come back<br />
Without my schoolfellows all.<br />
For if my master he did hear<br />
He’d make it a sorry ball.”<br />
<br />
She took him by the lilywhite hand<br />
And led him along the hall<br />
Until she led him to a room<br />
Where none could hear him call.<br />
<br />
She took a penknife out of her pocket<br />
And cut off his little head.<br />
And now he’ll play his ball no more<br />
For he lies among the dead.<br />
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<p>How did the father of Millicent receive this second part?</p>
<p>With mixed feelings. Unsmiling, he heard and saw with wonder a jew’s daughter, all dressed in green.</p>
<p>Condense Stephen’s commentary.</p>
<p>One of all, the least of all, is the victim predestined. Once by inadvertence twice by design he challenges his destiny. It comes when he is abandoned and challenges him reluctant and, as an apparition of hope and youth, holds him unresisting. It leads him to a strange habitation, to a secret infidel apartment, and there, implacable, immolates him, consenting.</p>
<p>Why was the host (victim predestined) sad?</p>
<p>He wished that a tale of a deed should be told of a deed not by him should by him not be told.</p>
<p>Why was the host (reluctant, unresisting) still?</p>
<p>In accordance with the law of the conservation of energy.</p>
<p>Why was the host (secret infidel) silent?</p>
<p>He weighed the possible evidences for and against ritual murder: the incitations of the hierarchy, the superstition of the populace, the propagation of rumour in continued fraction of veridicity, the envy of opulence, the influence of retaliation, the sporadic reappearance of atavistic delinquency, the mitigating circumstances of fanaticism, hypnotic suggestion and somnambulism.</p>
<p>From which (if any) of these mental or physical disorders was he not totally immune?</p>
<p>From hypnotic suggestion: once, waking, he had not recognised his sleeping apartment: more than once, waking, he had been for an indefinite time incapable of moving or uttering sounds. From somnambulism: once, sleeping, his body had risen, crouched and crawled in the direction of a heatless fire and, having attained its destination, there, curled, unheated, in night attire had lain, sleeping.</p>
<p>Had this latter or any cognate phenomenon declared itself in any member of his family?</p>
<p>Twice, in Holles street and in Ontario terrace, his daughter Millicent (Milly) at the ages of 6 and 8 years had uttered in sleep an exclamation of terror and had replied to the interrogations of two figures in night attire with a vacant mute expression.</p>
<p>What other infantile memories had he of her?</p>
<p>15 June 1889. A querulous newborn female infant crying to cause and lessen congestion. A child renamed Padney Socks she shook with shocks her moneybox: counted his three free moneypenny buttons, one, tloo, tlee: a doll, a boy, a sailor she cast away: blond, born of two dark, she had blond ancestry, remote, a violation, Herr Hauptmann Hainau, Austrian army, proximate, a hallucination, lieutenant Mulvey, British navy.</p>
<p>What endemic characteristics were present?</p>
<p>Conversely the nasal and frontal formation was derived in a direct line of lineage which, though interrupted, would continue at distant intervals to more distant intervals to its most distant intervals.</p>
<p>What memories had he of her adolescence?</p>
<p>She relegated her hoop and skippingrope to a recess. On the duke’s lawn, entreated by an English visitor, she declined to permit him to make and take away her photographic image (objection not stated). On the South Circular road in the company of Elsa Potter, followed by an individual of sinister aspect, she went half way down Stamer street and turned abruptly back (reason of change not stated). On the vigil of the 15th anniversary of her birth she wrote a letter from Mullingar, county Westmeath, making a brief allusion to a local student (faculty and year not stated).</p>
<p>Did that first division, portending a second division, afflict him?</p>
<p>Less than he had imagined, more than he had hoped.</p>
<p>What second departure was contemporaneously perceived by him similarly, if differently?</p>
<p>A temporary departure of his cat.</p>
<p>Why similarly, why differently?</p>
<p>Similarly, because actuated by a secret purpose the quest of a new male (Mullingar student) or of a healing herb (valerian). Differently, because of different possible returns to the inhabitants or to the habitation.</p>
<p>In other respects were their differences similar?</p>
<p>In passivity, in economy, in the instinct of tradition, in unexpectedness.</p>
<p>As?</p>
<p>Inasmuch as leaning she sustained her blond hair for him to ribbon it for her (cf neckarching cat). Moreover, on the free surface of the lake in Stephen’s green amid inverted reflections of trees her uncommented spit, describing concentric circles of waterrings, indicated by the constancy of its permanence the locus of a somnolent prostrate fish (cf mousewatching cat). Again, in order to remember the date, combatants, issue and consequences of a famous military engagement she pulled a plait of her hair (cf earwashing cat). Furthermore, silly Milly, she dreamed of having had an unspoken unremembered conversation with a horse whose name had been Joseph to whom (which) she had offered a tumblerful of lemonade which it (he) had appeared to have accepted (cf hearthdreaming cat). Hence, in passivity, in economy, in the instinct of tradition, in unexpectedness, their differences were similar.</p>
<p>In what way had he utilised gifts (1) an owl, 2) a clock, given as matrimonial auguries, to interest and to instruct her?</p>
<p>As object lessons to explain: 1) the nature and habits of oviparous animals, the possibility of aerial flight, certain abnormalities of vision, the secular process of imbalsamation: 2) the principle of the pendulum, exemplified in bob, wheelgear and regulator, the translation in terms of human or social regulation of the various positions of clockwise moveable indicators on an unmoving dial, the exactitude of the recurrence per hour of an instant in each hour when the longer and the shorter indicator were at the same angle of inclination, <em>videlicet</em>, 5 5/11 minutes past each hour per hour in arithmetical progression.</p>
<p>In what manners did she reciprocate?</p>
<p>She remembered: on the 27th anniversary of his birth she presented to him a breakfast moustachecup of imitation Crown Derby porcelain ware. She provided: at quarter day or thereabouts if or when purchases had been made by him not for her she showed herself attentive to his necessities, anticipating his desires. She admired: a natural phenomenon having been explained by him to her she expressed the immediate desire to possess without gradual acquisition a fraction of his science, the moiety, the quarter, a thousandth part.</p>
<p>What proposal did Bloom, diambulist, father of Milly, somnambulist, make to Stephen, noctambulist?</p>
<p>To pass in repose the hours intervening between Thursday (proper) and Friday (normal) on an extemporised cubicle in the apartment immediately above the kitchen and immediately adjacent to the sleeping apartment of his host and hostess.</p>
<p>What various advantages would or might have resulted from a prolongation of such an extemporisation?</p>
<p>For the guest: security of domicile and seclusion of study. For the host: rejuvenation of intelligence, vicarious satisfaction. For the hostess: disintegration of obsession, acquisition of correct Italian pronunciation.</p>
<p>Why might these several provisional contingencies between a guest and a hostess not necessarily preclude or be precluded by a permanent eventuality of reconciliatory union between a schoolfellow and a jew’s daughter?</p>
<p>Because the way to daughter led through mother, the way to mother through daughter.</p>
<p>To what inconsequent polysyllabic question of his host did the guest return a monosyllabic negative answer?</p>
<p>If he had known the late Mrs Emily Sinico, accidentally killed at Sydney Parade railway station, 14 October 1903.</p>
<p>What inchoate corollary statement was consequently suppressed by the host?</p>
<p>A statement explanatory of his absence on the occasion of the interment of Mrs Mary Dedalus (born Goulding), 26 June 1903, vigil of the anniversary of the decease of Rudolph Bloom (born Virag).</p>
<p>Was the proposal of asylum accepted?</p>
<p>Promptly, inexplicably, with amicability, gratefully it was declined.</p>
<p>What exchange of money took place between host and guest?</p>
<p>The former returned to the latter, without interest, a sum of money (£ 1-7-0), one pound seven shillings sterling, advanced by the latter to the former.</p>
<p>What counterproposals were alternately advanced, accepted, modified, declined, restated in other terms, reaccepted, ratified, reconfirmed?</p>
<p>To inaugurate a prearranged course of Italian instruction, place the residence of the instructed. To inaugurate a course of vocal instruction, place the residence of the instructress. To inaugurate a series of static, semistatic and peripatetic intellectual dialogues, places the residence of both speakers (if both speakers were resident in the same place), the <em>Ship</em> hotel and tavern, 6 Lower Abbey street (W. and E. Connery, proprietors), the National Library of Ireland, 10 Kildare street, the National Maternity Hospital, 29, 30 and 31 Holles street, a public garden, the vicinity of a place of worship, a conjunction of two or more public thoroughfares, the point of bisection of a right line drawn between their residences (if both speakers were resident in different places).</p>
<p>What rendered problematic for Bloom the realisation of these mutually selfexcluding propositions?</p>
<p>The irreparability of the past: once at a performance of Albert Hengler’s circus in the Rotunda, Rutland square, Dublin, an intuitive particoloured clown in quest of paternity had penetrated from the ring to a place in the auditorium where Bloom, solitary, was seated and had publicly declared to an exhilarated audience that he (Bloom) was his (the clown’s) papa. The imprevidibility of the future: once in the summer of 1898 he (Bloom) had marked a florin (2/-) with three notches on the milled edge and tendered it in payment of an account due to and received by J. and T. Davy, family grocers, 1 Charlemont Mall, Grand Canal, for circulation on the waters of civic finance, for possible, circuitous or direct, return.</p>
<p>Was the clown Bloom’s son?</p>
<p>No.</p>
<p>Had Bloom’s coin returned?</p>
<p>Never.</p>
<p>Why would a recurrent frustration the more depress him?</p>
<p>Because at the critical turningpoint of human existence he desired to amend many social conditions, the product of inequality and avarice and international animosity.</p>
<p>He believed then that human life was infinitely perfectible, eliminating these conditions?</p>
<p>There remained the generic conditions imposed by natural, as distinct from human law, as integral parts of the human whole: the necessity of destruction to procure alimentary sustenance: the painful character of the ultimate functions of separate existence, the agonies of birth and death: the monotonous menstruation of simian and (particularly) human females extending from the age of puberty to the menopause: inevitable accidents at sea, in mines and factories: certain very painful maladies and their resultant surgical operations, innate lunacy and congenital criminality, decimating epidemics: catastrophic cataclysms which make terror the basis of human mentality: seismic upheavals the epicentres of which are located in densely populated regions: the fact of vital growth, through convulsions of metamorphosis, from infancy through maturity to decay.</p>
<p>Why did he desist from speculation?</p>
<p>Because it was a task for a superior intelligence to substitute other more acceptable phenomena in the place of the less acceptable phenomena to be removed.</p>
<p>Did Stephen participate in his dejection?</p>
<p>He affirmed his significance as a conscious rational animal proceeding syllogistically from the known to the unknown and a conscious rational reagent between a micro and a macrocosm ineluctably constructed upon the incertitude of the void.</p>
<p>Was this affirmation apprehended by Bloom?</p>
<p>Not verbally. Substantially.</p>
<p>What comforted his misapprehension?</p>
<p>That as a competent keyless citizen he had proceeded energetically from the unknown to the known through the incertitude of the void.</p>
<p>In what order of precedence, with what attendant ceremony was the exodus from the house of bondage to the wilderness of inhabitation effected?</p>
<p>Lighted Candle in Stick borne by<br />
BLOOM<br />
Diaconal Hat on Ashplant borne by<br />
STEPHEN</p>
<p>With what intonation <em>secreto</em> of what commemorative psalm?</p>
<p>The 113th, <em>modus peregrinus: In exitu Israël de Egypto: domus Jacob de populo barbaro</em>.</p>
<p>What did each do at the door of egress?</p>
<p>Bloom set the candlestick on the floor. Stephen put the hat on his head.</p>
<p>For what creature was the door of egress a door of ingress?</p>
<p>For a cat.</p>
<p>What spectacle confronted them when they, first the host, then the guest, emerged silently, doubly dark, from obscurity by a passage from the rere of the house into the penumbra of the garden?</p>
<p>The heaventree of stars hung with humid nightblue fruit.</p>
<p>With what meditations did Bloom accompany his demonstration to his companion of various constellations?</p>
<p>Meditations of evolution increasingly vaster: of the moon invisible in incipient lunation, approaching perigee: of the infinite lattiginous scintillating uncondensed milky way, discernible by daylight by an observer placed at the lower end of a cylindrical vertical shaft 5000 ft deep sunk from the surface towards the centre of the earth: of Sirius (alpha in Canis Maior) 10 lightyears (57,000,000,000,000 miles) distant and in volume 900 times the dimension of our planet: of Arcturus: of the precession of equinoxes: of Orion with belt and sextuple sun theta and nebula in which 100 of our solar systems could be contained: of moribund and of nascent new stars such as Nova in 1901: of our system plunging towards the constellation of Hercules: of the parallax or parallactic drift of socalled fixed stars, in reality evermoving wanderers from immeasurably remote eons to infinitely remote futures in comparison with which the years, threescore and ten, of allotted human life formed a parenthesis of infinitesimal brevity.</p>
<p>Were there obverse meditations of involution increasingly less vast?</p>
<p>Of the eons of geological periods recorded in the stratifications of the earth: of the myriad minute entomological organic existences concealed in cavities of the earth, beneath removable stones, in hives and mounds, of microbes, germs, bacteria, bacilli, spermatozoa: of the incalculable trillions of billions of millions of imperceptible molecules contained by cohesion of molecular affinity in a single pinhead: of the universe of human serum constellated with red and white bodies, themselves universes of void space constellated with other bodies, each, in continuity, its universe of divisible component bodies of which each was again divisible in divisions of redivisible component bodies, dividends and divisors ever diminishing without actual division till, if the progress were carried far enough, nought nowhere was never reached.</p>
<p>Why did he not elaborate these calculations to a more precise result?</p>
<p>Because some years previously in 1886 when occupied with the problem of the quadrature of the circle he had learned of the existence of a number computed to a relative degree of accuracy to be of such magnitude and of so many places, e.g., the 9th power of the 9th power of 9, that, the result having been obtained, 33 closely printed volumes of 1000 pages each of innumerable quires and reams of India paper would have to be requisitioned in order to contain the complete tale of its printed integers of units, tens, hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, millions, tens of millions, hundreds of millions, billions, the nucleus of the nebula of every digit of every series containing succinctly the potentiality of being raised to the utmost kinetic elaboration of any power of any of its powers.</p>
<p>Did he find the problems of the inhabitability of the planets and their satellites by a race, given in species, and of the possible social and moral redemption of said race by a redeemer, easier of solution?</p>
<p>Of a different order of difficulty. Conscious that the human organism, normally capable of sustaining an atmospheric pressure of 19 tons, when elevated to a considerable altitude in the terrestrial atmosphere suffered with arithmetical progression of intensity, according as the line of demarcation between troposphere and stratosphere was approximated from nasal hemorrhage, impeded respiration and vertigo, when proposing this problem for solution, he had conjectured as a working hypothesis which could not be proved impossible that a more adaptable and differently anatomically constructed race of beings might subsist otherwise under Martian, Mercurial, Veneral, Jovian, Saturnian, Neptunian or Uranian sufficient and equivalent conditions, though an apogean humanity of beings created in varying forms with finite differences resulting similar to the whole and to one another would probably there as here remain inalterably and inalienably attached to vanities, to vanities of vanities and to all that is vanity.</p>
<p>And the problem of possible redemption?</p>
<p>The minor was proved by the major.</p>
<p>Which various features of the constellations were in turn considered?</p>
<p>The various colours significant of various degrees of vitality (white, yellow, crimson, vermilion, cinnabar): their degrees of brilliancy: their magnitudes revealed up to and including the 7th: their positions: the waggoner’s star: Walsingham way: the chariot of David: the annular cinctures of Saturn: the condensation of spiral nebulae into suns: the interdependent gyrations of double suns: the independent synchronous discoveries of Galileo, Simon Marius, Piazzi, Le Verrier, Herschel, Galle: the systematisations attempted by Bode and Kepler of cubes of distances and squares of times of revolution: the almost infinite compressibility of hirsute comets and their vast elliptical egressive and reentrant orbits from perihelion to aphelion: the sidereal origin of meteoric stones: the Libyan floods on Mars about the period of the birth of the younger astroscopist: the annual recurrence of meteoric showers about the period of the feast of S. Lawrence (martyr, 10 August): the monthly recurrence known as the new moon with the old moon in her arms: the posited influence of celestial on human bodies: the appearance of a star (1st magnitude) of exceeding brilliancy dominating by night and day (a new luminous sun generated by the collision and amalgamation in incandescence of two nonluminous exsuns) about the period of the birth of William Shakespeare over delta in the recumbent neversetting constellation of Cassiopeia and of a star (2nd magnitude) of similar origin but of lesser brilliancy which had appeared in and disappeared from the constellation of the Corona Septentrionalis about the period of the birth of Leopold Bloom and of other stars of (presumably) similar origin which had (effectively or presumably) appeared in and disappeared from the constellation of Andromeda about the period of the birth of Stephen Dedalus, and in and from the constellation of Auriga some years after the birth and death of Rudolph Bloom, junior, and in and from other constellations some years before or after the birth or death of other persons: the attendant phenomena of eclipses, solar and lunar, from immersion to emersion, abatement of wind, transit of shadow, taciturnity of winged creatures, emergence of nocturnal or crepuscular animals, persistence of infernal light, obscurity of terrestrial waters, pallor of human beings.</p>
<p>His (Bloom’s) logical conclusion, having weighed the matter and allowing for possible error?</p>
<p>That it was not a heaventree, not a heavengrot, not a heavenbeast, not a heavenman. That it was a Utopia, there being no known method from the known to the unknown: an infinity renderable equally finite by the suppositious apposition of one or more bodies equally of the same and of different magnitudes: a mobility of illusory forms immobilised in space, remobilised in air: a past which possibly had ceased to exist as a present before its probable spectators had entered actual present existence.</p>
<p>Was he more convinced of the esthetic value of the spectacle?</p>
<p>Indubitably in consequence of the reiterated examples of poets in the delirium of the frenzy of attachment or in the abasement of rejection invoking ardent sympathetic constellations or the frigidity of the satellite of their planet.</p>
<p>Did he then accept as an article of belief the theory of astrological influences upon sublunary disasters?</p>
<p>It seemed to him as possible of proof as of confutation and the nomenclature employed in its selenographical charts as attributable to verifiable intuition as to fallacious analogy: the lake of dreams, the sea of rains, the gulf of dews, the ocean of fecundity.</p>
<p>What special affinities appeared to him to exist between the moon and woman?</p>
<p>Her antiquity in preceding and surviving successive tellurian generations: her nocturnal predominance: her satellitic dependence: her luminary reflection: her constancy under all her phases, rising and setting by her appointed times, waxing and waning: the forced invariability of her aspect: her indeterminate response to inaffirmative interrogation: her potency over effluent and refluent waters: her power to enamour, to mortify, to invest with beauty, to render insane, to incite to and aid delinquency: the tranquil inscrutability of her visage: the terribility of her isolated dominant implacable resplendent propinquity: her omens of tempest and of calm: the stimulation of her light, her motion and her presence: the admonition of her craters, her arid seas, her silence: her splendour, when visible: her attraction, when invisible.</p>
<p>What visible luminous sign attracted Bloom’s, who attracted Stephen’s, gaze?</p>
<p>In the second storey (rere) of his (Bloom’s) house the light of a paraffin oil lamp with oblique shade projected on a screen of roller blind supplied by Frank O’Hara, window blind, curtain pole and revolving shutter manufacturer, 16 Aungier street.</p>
<p>How did he elucidate the mystery of an invisible attractive person, his wife Marion (Molly) Bloom, denoted by a visible splendid sign, a lamp?</p>
<p>With indirect and direct verbal allusions or affirmations: with subdued affection and admiration: with description: with impediment: with suggestion.</p>
<p>Both then were silent?</p>
<p>Silent, each contemplating the other in both mirrors of the reciprocal flesh of theirhisnothis fellowfaces.</p>
<p>Were they indefinitely inactive?</p>
<p>At Stephen’s suggestion, at Bloom’s instigation both, first Stephen, then Bloom, in penumbra urinated, their sides contiguous, their organs of micturition reciprocally rendered invisible by manual circumposition, their gazes, first Bloom’s, then Stephen’s, elevated to the projected luminous and semiluminous shadow.</p>
<p>Similarly?</p>
<p>The trajectories of their, first sequent, then simultaneous, urinations were dissimilar: Bloom’s longer, less irruent, in the incomplete form of the bifurcated penultimate alphabetical letter, who in his ultimate year at High School (1880) had been capable of attaining the point of greatest altitude against the whole concurrent strength of the institution, 210 scholars: Stephen’s higher, more sibilant, who in the ultimate hours of the previous day had augmented by diuretic consumption an insistent vesical pressure.</p>
<p>What different problems presented themselves to each concerning the invisible audible collateral organ of the other?</p>
<p>To Bloom: the problems of irritability, tumescence, rigidity, reactivity, dimension, sanitariness, pilosity.</p>
<p>To Stephen: the problem of the sacerdotal integrity of Jesus circumcised (1 January, holiday of obligation to hear mass and abstain from unnecessary servile work) and the problem as to whether the divine prepuce, the carnal bridal ring of the holy Roman catholic apostolic church, conserved in Calcata, were deserving of simple hyperduly or of the fourth degree of latria accorded to the abscission of such divine excrescences as hair and toenails.</p>
<p>What celestial sign was by both simultaneously observed?</p>
<p>A star precipitated with great apparent velocity across the firmament from Vega in the Lyre above the zenith beyond the stargroup of the Tress of Berenice towards the zodiacal sign of Leo.</p>
<p>How did the centripetal remainer afford egress to the centrifugal departer?</p>
<p>By inserting the barrel of an arruginated male key in the hole of an unstable female lock, obtaining a purchase on the bow of the key and turning its wards from right to left, withdrawing a bolt from its staple, pulling inward spasmodically an obsolescent unhinged door and revealing an aperture for free egress and free ingress.</p>
<p>How did they take leave, one of the other, in separation?</p>
<p>Standing perpendicular at the same door and on different sides of its base, the lines of their valedictory arms, meeting at any point and forming any angle less than the sum of two right angles.</p>
<p>What sound accompanied the union of their tangent, the disunion of their (respectively) centrifugal and centripetal hands?</p>
<p>The sound of the peal of the hour of the night by the chime of the bells in the church of Saint George.</p>
<p>What echoes of that sound were by both and each heard?</p>
<p>By Stephen:</p>
<p>Liliata rutilantium. Turma circumdet.<br />
Iubilantium te virginum. Chorus excipiat.</p>
<p>By Bloom:</p>
<p>Heigho, heigho,<br />
Heigho, heigho.</p>
<p>Where were the several members of the company which with Bloom that day at the bidding of that peal had travelled from Sandymount in the south to Glasnevin in the north?</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham (in bed), Jack Power (in bed), Simon Dedalus (in bed), Ned Lambert (in bed), Tom Kernan (in bed), Joe Hynes (in bed), John Henry Menton (in bed), Bernard Corrigan (in bed), Patsy Dignam (in bed), Paddy Dignam (in the grave).</p>
<p>Alone, what did Bloom hear?</p>
<p>The double reverberation of retreating feet on the heavenborn earth, the double vibration of a jew’s harp in the resonant lane.</p>
<p>Alone, what did Bloom feel?</p>
<p>The cold of interstellar space, thousands of degrees below freezing point or the absolute zero of Fahrenheit, Centigrade or Réaumur: the incipient intimations of proximate dawn.</p>
<p>Of what did bellchime and handtouch and footstep and lonechill remind him?</p>
<p>Of companions now in various manners in different places defunct: Percy Apjohn (killed in action, Modder River), Philip Gilligan (phthisis, Jervis Street hospital), Matthew F. Kane (accidental drowning, Dublin Bay), Philip Moisel (pyemia, Heytesbury street), Michael Hart (phthisis, Mater Misericordiae hospital), Patrick Dignam (apoplexy, Sandymount).</p>
<p>What prospect of what phenomena inclined him to remain?</p>
<p>The disparition of three final stars, the diffusion of daybreak, the apparition of a new solar disk.</p>
<p>Had he ever been a spectator of those phenomena?</p>
<p>Once, in 1887, after a protracted performance of charades in the house of Luke Doyle, Kimmage, he had awaited with patience the apparition of the diurnal phenomenon, seated on a wall, his gaze turned in the direction of Mizrach, the east.</p>
<p>He remembered the initial paraphenomena?</p>
<p>More active air, a matutinal distant cock, ecclesiastical clocks at various points, avine music, the isolated tread of an early wayfarer, the visible diffusion of the light of an invisible luminous body, the first golden limb of the resurgent sun perceptible low on the horizon.</p>
<p>Did he remain?</p>
<p>With deep inspiration he returned, retraversing the garden, reentering the passage, reclosing the door. With brief suspiration he reassumed the candle, reascended the stairs, reapproached the door of the front room, hallfloor, and reentered.</p>
<p>What suddenly arrested his ingress?</p>
<p>The right temporal lobe of the hollow sphere of his cranium came into contact with a solid timber angle where, an infinitesimal but sensible fraction of a second later, a painful sensation was located in consequence of antecedent sensations transmitted and registered.</p>
<p>Describe the alterations effected in the disposition of the articles of furniture.</p>
<p>A sofa upholstered in prune plush had been translocated from opposite the door to the ingleside near the compactly furled Union Jack (an alteration which he had frequently intended to execute): the blue and white checker inlaid majolicatopped table had been placed opposite the door in the place vacated by the prune plush sofa: the walnut sideboard (a projecting angle of which had momentarily arrested his ingress) had been moved from its position beside the door to a more advantageous but more perilous position in front of the door: two chairs had been moved from right and left of the ingleside to the position originally occupied by the blue and white checker inlaid majolicatopped table.</p>
<p>Describe them.</p>
<p>One: a squat stuffed easychair, with stout arms extended and back slanted to the rere, which, repelled in recoil, had then upturned an irregular fringe of a rectangular rug and now displayed on its amply upholstered seat a centralised diffusing and diminishing discolouration. The other: a slender splayfoot chair of glossy cane curves, placed directly opposite the former, its frame from top to seat and from seat to base being varnished dark brown, its seat being a bright circle of white plaited rush.</p>
<p>What significances attached to these two chairs?</p>
<p>Significances of similitude, of posture, of symbolism, of circumstantial evidence, of testimonial supermanence.</p>
<p>What occupied the position originally occupied by the sideboard?</p>
<p>A vertical piano (Cadby) with exposed keyboard, its closed coffin supporting a pair of long yellow ladies’ gloves and an emerald ashtray containing four consumed matches, a partly consumed cigarette and two discoloured ends of cigarettes, its musicrest supporting the music in the key of G natural for voice and piano of <em>Love’s Old Sweet Song</em> (words by G. Clifton Bingham, composed by J. L. Molloy, sung by Madam Antoinette Sterling) open at the last page with the final indications <em>ad libitum, forte</em>, pedal, <em>animato</em>, sustained pedal, <em>ritirando</em>, close.</p>
<p>With what sensations did Bloom contemplate in rotation these objects?</p>
<p>With strain, elevating a candlestick: with pain, feeling on his right temple a contused tumescence: with attention, focussing his gaze on a large dull passive and a slender bright active: with solicitation, bending and downturning the upturned rugfringe: with amusement, remembering Dr Malachi Mulligan’s scheme of colour containing the gradation of green: with pleasure, repeating the words and antecedent act and perceiving through various channels of internal sensibility the consequent and concomitant tepid pleasant diffusion of gradual discolouration.</p>
<p>His next proceeding?</p>
<p>From an open box on the majolicatopped table he extracted a black diminutive cone, one inch in height, placed it on its circular base on a small tin plate, placed his candlestick on the right corner of the mantelpiece, produced from his waistcoat a folded page of prospectus (illustrated) entitled Agendath Netaim, unfolded the same, examined it superficially, rolled it into a thin cylinder, ignited it in the candleflame, applied it when ignited to the apex of the cone till the latter reached the stage of rutilance, placed the cylinder in the basin of the candlestick disposing its unconsumed part in such a manner as to facilitate total combustion.</p>
<p>What followed this operation?</p>
<p>The truncated conical crater summit of the diminutive volcano emitted a vertical and serpentine fume redolent of aromatic oriental incense.</p>
<p>What homothetic objects, other than the candlestick, stood on the mantelpiece?</p>
<p>A timepiece of striated Connemara marble, stopped at the hour of 4.46 a.m. on the 21 March 1896, matrimonial gift of Matthew Dillon: a dwarf tree of glacial arborescence under a transparent bellshade, matrimonial gift of Luke and Caroline Doyle: an embalmed owl, matrimonial gift of Alderman John Hooper.</p>
<p>What interchanges of looks took place between these three objects and Bloom?</p>
<p>In the mirror of the giltbordered pierglass the undecorated back of the dwarf tree regarded the upright back of the embalmed owl. Before the mirror the matrimonial gift of Alderman John Hooper with a clear melancholy wise bright motionless compassionate gaze regarded Bloom while Bloom with obscure tranquil profound motionless compassionated gaze regarded the matrimonial gift of Luke and Caroline Doyle.</p>
<p>What composite asymmetrical image in the mirror then attracted his attention?</p>
<p>The image of a solitary (ipsorelative) mutable (aliorelative) man.</p>
<p>Why solitary (ipsorelative)?</p>
<p>Brothers and sisters had he none.<br />
Yet that man’s father was his grandfather’s son.</p>
<p>Why mutable (aliorelative)?</p>
<p>From infancy to maturity he had resembled his maternal procreatrix. From maturity to senility he would increasingly resemble his paternal procreator.</p>
<p>What final visual impression was communicated to him by the mirror?</p>
<p>The optical reflection of several inverted volumes improperly arranged and not in the order of their common letters with scintillating titles on the two bookshelves opposite.</p>
<p>Catalogue these books.</p>
<p><em>Thom’s Dublin Post Office Directory</em>, 1886.</p>
<p>Denis Florence M’Carthy’s <em>Poetical Works</em> (copper beechleaf bookmark at p. 5).</p>
<p>Shakespeare’s <em>Works</em> (dark crimson morocco, goldtooled).</p>
<p><em>The Useful Ready Reckoner</em> (brown cloth).</p>
<p><em>The Secret History of the Court of Charles II</em> (red cloth, tooled binding).</p>
<p><em>The Child’s Guide</em> (blue cloth).</p>
<p><em>The Beauties of Killarney</em> (wrappers).</p>
<p><em>When We Were Boys</em> by William O’Brien M. P. (green cloth, slightly faded, envelope bookmark at p. 217).</p>
<p><em>Thoughts from Spinoza</em> (maroon leather).</p>
<p><em>The Story of the Heavens</em> by Sir Robert Ball (blue cloth).</p>
<p>Ellis’s <em>Three Trips to Madagascar</em> (brown cloth, title obliterated).</p>
<p><em>The Stark-Munro Letters</em> by A. Conan Doyle, property of the City of Dublin Public Library, 106 Capel street, lent 21 May (Whitsun Eve) 1904, due 4 June 1904, 13 days overdue (black cloth binding, bearing white letternumber ticket).</p>
<p><em>Voyages in China</em> by “Viator” (recovered with brown paper, red ink title).</p>
<p><em>Philosophy of the Talmud</em> (sewn pamphlet).</p>
<p>Lockhart’s <em>Life of Napoleon</em> (cover wanting, marginal annotations, minimising victories, aggrandising defeats of the protagonist).</p>
<p><em>Soll und Haben</em> by Gustav Freytag (black boards, Gothic characters, cigarette coupon bookmark at p. 24).</p>
<p>Hozier’s <em>History of the Russo-Turkish War</em> (brown cloth, 2 volumes, with gummed label, Garrison Library, Governor’s Parade, Gibraltar, on verso of cover).</p>
<p><em>Laurence Bloomfield in Ireland</em> by William Allingham (second edition, green cloth, gilt trefoil design, previous owner’s name on recto of flyleaf erased).</p>
<p><em>A Handbook of Astronomy</em> (cover, brown leather, detached, 5 plates, antique letterpress long primer, author’s footnotes nonpareil, marginal clues brevier, captions small pica).</p>
<p><em>The Hidden Life of Christ</em> (black boards).</p>
<p><em>In the Track of the Sun</em> (yellow cloth, titlepage missing, recurrent title intestation).</p>
<p><em>Physical Strength and How to Obtain It</em> by Eugen Sandow (red cloth).</p>
<p><em>Short but yet Plain Elements of Geometry</em> written in French by F. Ignat. Pardies and rendered into Engliſh by John Harris D. D. London, printed for R. Knaplock at the Biſhop’s Head, MDCCXI, with dedicatory epiſtle to his worthy friend Charles Cox, eſquire, Member of Parliament for the burgh of Southwark and having ink calligraphed statement on the flyleaf certifying that the book was the property of Michael Gallagher, dated this 10th day of May 1822 and requeſting the perſon who should find it, if the book should be loſt or go aſtray, to reſtore it to Michael Gallagher, carpenter, Dufery Gate, Enniſcorthy, county Wicklow, the fineſt place in the world.</p>
<p>What reflections occupied his mind during the process of reversion of the inverted volumes?</p>
<p>The necessity of order, a place for everything and everything in its place: the deficient appreciation of literature possessed by females: the incongruity of an apple incuneated in a tumbler and of an umbrella inclined in a closestool: the insecurity of hiding any secret document behind, beneath or between the pages of a book.</p>
<p>Which volume was the largest in bulk?</p>
<p>Hozier’s <em>History of the Russo-Turkish War.</em></p>
<p>What among other data did the second volume of the work in question contain?</p>
<p>The name of a decisive battle (forgotten), frequently remembered by a decisive officer, major Brian Cooper Tweedy (remembered).</p>
<p>Why, firstly and secondly, did he not consult the work in question?</p>
<p>Firstly, in order to exercise mnemotechnic: secondly, because after an interval of amnesia, when, seated at the central table, about to consult the work in question, he remembered by mnemotechnic the name of the military engagement, Plevna.</p>
<p>What caused him consolation in his sitting posture?</p>
<p>The candour, nudity, pose, tranquility, youth, grace, sex, counsel of a statue erect in the centre of the table, an image of Narcissus purchased by auction from P. A. Wren, 9 Bachelor’s Walk.</p>
<p>What caused him irritation in his sitting posture?</p>
<p>Inhibitory pressure of collar (size 17) and waistcoat (5 buttons), two articles of clothing superfluous in the costume of mature males and inelastic to alterations of mass by expansion.</p>
<p>How was the irritation allayed?</p>
<p>He removed his collar, with contained black necktie and collapsible stud, from his neck to a position on the left of the table. He unbuttoned successively in reversed direction waistcoat, trousers, shirt and vest along the medial line of irregular incrispated black hairs extending in triangular convergence from the pelvic basin over the circumference of the abdomen and umbilicular fossicle along the medial line of nodes to the intersection of the sixth pectoral vertebrae, thence produced both ways at right angles and terminating in circles described about two equidistant points, right and left, on the summits of the mammary prominences. He unbraced successively each of six minus one braced trouser buttons, arranged in pairs, of which one incomplete.</p>
<p>What involuntary actions followed?</p>
<p>He compressed between 2 fingers the flesh circumjacent to a cicatrice in the left infracostal region below the diaphragm resulting from a sting inflicted 2 weeks and 3 days previously (23 May 1904) by a bee. He scratched imprecisely with his right hand, though insensible of prurition, various points and surfaces of his partly exposed, wholly abluted skin. He inserted his left hand into the left lower pocket of his waistcoat and extracted and replaced a silver coin (1 shilling), placed there (presumably) on the occasion (17 October 1903) of the interment of Mrs Emily Sinico, Sydney Parade.</p>
<p>Compile the budget for 16 June 1904.</p>
<div class="pgmonospaced">
     <em>Debit</em>                                        £. s. d.<br />
     1 Pork kidney                      0—0—3<br />
     1 Copy <em>Freeman’s Journal</em>           0—0—1<br />
     1 Bath and Gratification           0—1—6<br />
     Tramfare                           0—0—1<br />
     1 In Memoriam Patrick Dignam       0—5—0<br />
     2 Banbury cakes                    0—0—1<br />
     1 Lunch                            0—0—7<br />
     1 Renewal fee for book             0—1—0<br />
     1 Packet Notepaper and Envelopes   0—0—2<br />
     1 Dinner and Gratification         0—2—0<br />
     1 Postal Order and Stamp           0—2—8<br />
     Tramfare                           0—0—1<br />
     1 Pig’s Foot                       0—0—4<br />
     1 Sheep’s Trotter                  0—0—3<br />
     1 Cake Fry’s Plain Chocolate       0—0—1<br />
     1 Square Soda Bread                0—0—4<br />
     1 Coffee and Bun                   0—0—4<br />
     Loan (Stephen Dedalus) refunded    1—7—0<br />
        BALANCE                         0—16—6<br />
                                        —————<br />
                                        2—19—3<br />

</div>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-26.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-26.htm.html_pgepubid00084" class="chapter">
<div class="pgmonospaced">
     <em>Credit</em>                                        £. s. d.<br />
     Cash in hand                       0—4—9<br />
     Commission recd. <em>Freeman’s Journal</em> 1—7—6<br />
     Loan (Stephen Dedalus)             1—7—0<br />
                                        —————<br />
                                        2—19—3<br />

</div>
<p>Did the process of divestiture continue?</p>
<p>Sensible of a benignant persistent ache in his footsoles he extended his foot to one side and observed the creases, protuberances and salient points caused by foot pressure in the course of walking repeatedly in several different directions, then, inclined, he disnoded the laceknots, unhooked and loosened the laces, took off each of his two boots for the second time, detached the partially moistened right sock through the fore part of which the nail of his great toe had again effracted, raised his right foot and, having unhooked a purple elastic sock suspender, took off his right sock, placed his unclothed right foot on the margin of the seat of his chair, picked at and gently lacerated the protruding part of the great toenail, raised the part lacerated to his nostrils and inhaled the odour of the quick, then, with satisfaction, threw away the lacerated ungual fragment.</p>
<p>Why with satisfaction?</p>
<p>Because the odour inhaled corresponded to other odours inhaled of other ungual fragments, picked and lacerated by Master Bloom, pupil of Mrs Ellis’s juvenile school, patiently each night in the act of brief genuflection and nocturnal prayer and ambitious meditation.</p>
<p>In what ultimate ambition had all concurrent and consecutive ambitions now coalesced?</p>
<p>Not to inherit by right of primogeniture, gavelkind or borough English, or possess in perpetuity an extensive demesne of a sufficient number of acres, roods and perches, statute land measure (valuation £ 42), of grazing turbary surrounding a baronial hall with gatelodge and carriage drive nor, on the other hand, a terracehouse or semidetached villa, described as <em>Rus in Urbe</em> or <em>Qui si sana</em>, but to purchase by private treaty in fee simple a thatched bungalowshaped 2 storey dwellinghouse of southerly aspect, surmounted by vane and lightning conductor, connected with the earth, with porch covered by parasitic plants (ivy or Virginia creeper), halldoor, olive green, with smart carriage finish and neat doorbrasses, stucco front with gilt tracery at eaves and gable, rising, if possible, upon a gentle eminence with agreeable prospect from balcony with stone pillar parapet over unoccupied and unoccupyable interjacent pastures and standing in 5 or 6 acres of its own ground, at such a distance from the nearest public thoroughfare as to render its houselights visible at night above and through a quickset hornbeam hedge of topiary cutting, situate at a given point not less than 1 statute mile from the periphery of the metropolis, within a time limit of not more than 15 minutes from tram or train line (e.g., Dundrum, south, or Sutton, north, both localities equally reported by trial to resemble the terrestrial poles in being favourable climates for phthisical subjects), the premises to be held under feefarm grant, lease 999 years, the messuage to consist of 1 drawingroom with baywindow (2 lancets), thermometer affixed, 1 sittingroom, 4 bedrooms, 2 servants’ rooms, tiled kitchen with close range and scullery, lounge hall fitted with linen wallpresses, fumed oak sectional bookcase containing the Encyclopaedia Britannica and New Century Dictionary, transverse obsolete medieval and oriental weapons, dinner gong, alabaster lamp, bowl pendant, vulcanite automatic telephone receiver with adjacent directory, handtufted Axminster carpet with cream ground and trellis border, loo table with pillar and claw legs, hearth with massive firebrasses and ormolu mantel chronometer clock, guaranteed timekeeper with cathedral chime, barometer with hygrographic chart, comfortable lounge settees and corner fitments, upholstered in ruby plush with good springing and sunk centre, three banner Japanese screen and cuspidors (club style, rich winecoloured leather, gloss renewable with a minimum of labour by use of linseed oil and vinegar) and pyramidically prismatic central chandelier lustre, bentwood perch with fingertame parrot (expurgated language), embossed mural paper at 10/- per dozen with transverse swags of carmine floral design and top crown frieze, staircase, three continuous flights at successive right angles, of varnished cleargrained oak, treads and risers, newel, balusters and handrail, with steppedup panel dado, dressed with camphorated wax: bathroom, hot and cold supply, reclining and shower: water closet on mezzanine provided with opaque singlepane oblong window, tipup seat, bracket lamp, brass tierod and brace, armrests, footstool and artistic oleograph on inner face of door: ditto, plain: servants’ apartments with separate sanitary and hygienic necessaries for cook, general and betweenmaid (salary, rising by biennial unearned increments of £ 2, with comprehensive fidelity insurance, annual bonus (£ 1) and retiring allowance (based on the 65 system) after 30 years’ service), pantry, buttery, larder, refrigerator, outoffices, coal and wood cellarage with winebin (still and sparkling vintages) for distinguished guests, if entertained to dinner (evening dress), carbon monoxide gas supply throughout.</p>
<p>What additional attractions might the grounds contain?</p>
<p>As addenda, a tennis and fives court, a shrubbery, a glass summerhouse with tropical palms, equipped in the best botanical manner, a rockery with waterspray, a beehive arranged on humane principles, oval flowerbeds in rectangular grassplots set with eccentric ellipses of scarlet and chrome tulips, blue scillas, crocuses, polyanthus, sweet William, sweet pea, lily of the valley (bulbs obtainable from sir James W. Mackey (Limited) wholesale and retail seed and bulb merchants and nurserymen, agents for chemical manures, 23 Sackville street, upper), an orchard, kitchen garden and vinery, protected against illegal trespassers by glasstopped mural enclosures, a lumbershed with padlock for various inventoried implements.</p>
<p>As?</p>
<p>Eeltraps, lobsterpots, fishingrods, hatchet, steelyard, grindstone, clodcrusher, swatheturner, carriagesack, telescope ladder, 10 tooth rake, washing clogs, haytedder, tumbling rake, billhook, paintpot, brush, hoe and so on.</p>
<p>What improvements might be subsequently introduced?</p>
<p>A rabbitry and fowlrun, a dovecote, a botanical conservatory, 2 hammocks (lady’s and gentleman’s), a sundial shaded and sheltered by laburnum or lilac trees, an exotically harmonically accorded Japanese tinkle gatebell affixed to left lateral gatepost, a capacious waterbutt, a lawnmower with side delivery and grassbox, a lawnsprinkler with hydraulic hose.</p>
<p>What facilities of transit were desirable?</p>
<p>When citybound frequent connection by train or tram from their respective intermediate station or terminal. When countrybound velocipedes, a chainless freewheel roadster cycle with side basketcar attached, or draught conveyance, a donkey with wicker trap or smart phaeton with good working solidungular cob (roan gelding, 14 h).</p>
<p>What might be the name of this erigible or erected residence?</p>
<p>Bloom Cottage. Saint Leopold’s. Flowerville.</p>
<p>Could Bloom of 7 Eccles street foresee Bloom of Flowerville?</p>
<p>In loose allwool garments with Harris tweed cap, price 8/6, and useful garden boots with elastic gussets and wateringcan, planting aligned young firtrees, syringing, pruning, staking, sowing hayseed, trundling a weedladen wheelbarrow without excessive fatigue at sunset amid the scent of newmown hay, ameliorating the soil, multiplying wisdom, achieving longevity.</p>
<p>What syllabus of intellectual pursuits was simultaneously possible?</p>
<p>Snapshot photography, comparative study of religions, folklore relative to various amatory and superstitious practices, contemplation of the celestial constellations.</p>
<p>What lighter recreations?</p>
<p>Outdoor: garden and fieldwork, cycling on level macadamised causeways, ascents of moderately high hills, natation in secluded fresh water and unmolested river boating in secure wherry or light curricle with kedge anchor on reaches free from weirs and rapids (period of estivation), vespertinal perambulation or equestrian circumprocession with inspection of sterile landscape and contrastingly agreeable cottagers’ fires of smoking peat turves (period of hibernation). Indoor: discussion in tepid security of unsolved historical and criminal problems: lecture of unexpurgated exotic erotic masterpieces: house carpentry with toolbox containing hammer, awl, nails, screws, tintacks, gimlet, tweezers, bullnose plane and turnscrew.</p>
<p>Might he become a gentleman farmer of field produce and live stock?</p>
<p>Not impossibly, with 1 or 2 stripper cows, 1 pike of upland hay and requisite farming implements, e.g., an end-to-end churn, a turnip pulper etc.</p>
<p>What would be his civic functions and social status among the county families and landed gentry?</p>
<p>Arranged successively in ascending powers of hierarchical order, that of gardener, groundsman, cultivator, breeder, and at the zenith of his career, resident magistrate or justice of the peace with a family crest and coat of arms and appropriate classical motto <em>(Semper paratus</em>), duly recorded in the court directory (Bloom, Leopold P., M. P., P. C., K. P., L. L. D. (<em>honoris causa</em>), Bloomville, Dundrum) and mentioned in court and fashionable intelligence (Mr and Mrs Leopold Bloom have left Kingstown for England).</p>
<p>What course of action did he outline for himself in such capacity?</p>
<p>A course that lay between undue clemency and excessive rigour: the dispensation in a heterogeneous society of arbitrary classes, incessantly rearranged in terms of greater and lesser social inequality, of unbiassed homogeneous indisputable justice, tempered with mitigants of the widest possible latitude but exactable to the uttermost farthing with confiscation of estate, real and personal, to the crown. Loyal to the highest constituted power in the land, actuated by an innate love of rectitude his aims would be the strict maintenance of public order, the repression of many abuses though not of all simultaneously (every measure of reform or retrenchment being a preliminary solution to be contained by fluxion in the final solution), the upholding of the letter of the law (common, statute and law merchant) against all traversers in covin and trespassers acting in contravention of bylaws and regulations, all resuscitators (by trespass and petty larceny of kindlings) of venville rights, obsolete by desuetude, all orotund instigators of international persecution, all perpetuators of international animosities, all menial molestors of domestic conviviality, all recalcitrant violators of domestic connubiality.</p>
<p>Prove that he had loved rectitude from his earliest youth.</p>
<p>To Master Percy Apjohn at High School in 1880 he had divulged his disbelief in the tenets of the Irish (protestant) church (to which his father Rudolf Virag (later Rudolph Bloom) had been converted from the Israelitic faith and communion in 1865 by the Society for promoting Christianity among the jews) subsequently abjured by him in favour of Roman catholicism at the epoch of and with a view to his matrimony in 1888. To Daniel Magrane and Francis Wade in 1882 during a juvenile friendship (terminated by the premature emigration of the former) he had advocated during nocturnal perambulations the political theory of colonial (e.g. Canadian) expansion and the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin, expounded in <em>The Descent of Man</em> and <em>The Origin of Species</em>. In 1885 he had publicly expressed his adherence to the collective and national economic programme advocated by James Fintan Lalor, John Fisher Murray, John Mitchel, J. F. X. O’Brien and others, the agrarian policy of Michael Davitt, the constitutional agitation of Charles Stewart Parnell (M. P. for Cork City), the programme of peace, retrenchment and reform of William Ewart Gladstone (M. P. for Midlothian, N. B.) and, in support of his political convictions, had climbed up into a secure position amid the ramifications of a tree on Northumberland road to see the entrance (2 February 1888) into the capital of a demonstrative torchlight procession of 20,000 torchbearers, divided into 120 trade corporations, bearing 2000 torches in escort of the marquess of Ripon and (honest) John Morley.</p>
<p>How much and how did he propose to pay for this country residence?</p>
<p>As per prospectus of the Industrious Foreign Acclimatised Nationalised Friendly Stateaided Building Society (incorporated 1874), a maximum of £ 60 per annum, being 1/6 of an assured income, derived from giltedged securities, representing at 5 % simple interest on capital of £ 1200 (estimate of price at 20 years’ purchase), of which 1/3 to be paid on acquisition and the balance in the form of annual rent, viz. £ 800 plus 2 1/2 % interest on the same, repayable quarterly in equal annual instalments until extinction by amortisation of loan advanced for purchase within a period of 20 years, amounting to an annual rental of £ 64, headrent included, the titledeeds to remain in possession of the lender or lenders with a saving clause envisaging forced sale, foreclosure and mutual compensation in the event of protracted failure to pay the terms assigned, otherwise the messuage to become the absolute property of the tenant occupier upon expiry of the period of years stipulated.</p>
<p>What rapid but insecure means to opulence might facilitate immediate purchase?</p>
<p>A private wireless telegraph which would transmit by dot and dash system the result of a national equine handicap (flat or steeplechase) of 1 or more miles and furlongs won by an outsider at odds of 50 to 1 at 3 hr 8 m p.m. at Ascot (Greenwich time), the message being received and available for betting purposes in Dublin at 2.59 p.m. (Dunsink time). The unexpected discovery of an object of great monetary value (precious stone, valuable adhesive or impressed postage stamps (7 schilling, mauve, imperforate, Hamburg, 1866: 4 pence, rose, blue paper, perforate, Great Britain, 1855: 1 franc, stone, official, rouletted, diagonal surcharge, Luxemburg, 1878), antique dynastical ring, unique relic) in unusual repositories or by unusual means: from the air (dropped by an eagle in flight), by fire (amid the carbonised remains of an incendiated edifice), in the sea (amid flotsam, jetsam, lagan and derelict), on earth (in the gizzard of a comestible fowl). A Spanish prisoner’s donation of a distant treasure of valuables or specie or bullion lodged with a solvent banking corporation 100 years previously at 5% compound interest of the collective worth of £ 5,000,000 stg (five million pounds sterling). A contract with an inconsiderate contractee for the delivery of 32 consignments of some given commodity in consideration of cash payment on delivery per delivery at the initial rate of 1/4d to be increased constantly in the geometrical progression of 2 (1/4d, 1/2d, 1d, 2d, 4d, 8d, 1s 4d, 2s 8d to 32 terms). A prepared scheme based on a study of the laws of probability to break the bank at Monte Carlo. A solution of the secular problem of the quadrature of the circle, government premium £ 1,000,000 sterling.</p>
<p>Was vast wealth acquirable through industrial channels?</p>
<p>The reclamation of dunams of waste arenary soil, proposed in the prospectus of Agendath Netaim, Bleibtreustrasse, Berlin, W. 15, by the cultivation of orange plantations and melonfields and reafforestation. The utilisation of waste paper, fells of sewer rodents, human excrement possessing chemical properties, in view of the vast production of the first, vast number of the second and immense quantity of the third, every normal human being of average vitality and appetite producing annually, cancelling byproducts of water, a sum total of 80 lbs. (mixed animal and vegetable diet), to be multiplied by 4,386,035, the total population of Ireland according to census returns of 1901.</p>
<p>Were there schemes of wider scope?</p>
<p>A scheme to be formulated and submitted for approval to the harbour commissioners for the exploitation of white coal (hydraulic power), obtained by hydroelectric plant at peak of tide at Dublin bar or at head of water at Poulaphouca or Powerscourt or catchment basins of main streams for the economic production of 500,000 W. H. P. of electricity. A scheme to enclose the peninsular delta of the North Bull at Dollymount and erect on the space of the foreland, used for golf links and rifle ranges, an asphalted esplanade with casinos, booths, shooting galleries, hotels, boardinghouses, readingrooms, establishments for mixed bathing. A scheme for the use of dogvans and goatvans for the delivery of early morning milk. A scheme for the development of Irish tourist traffic in and around Dublin by means of petrolpropelled riverboats, plying in the fluvial fairway between Island bridge and Ringsend, charabancs, narrow gauge local railways, and pleasure steamers for coastwise navigation (10/- per person per day, guide (trilingual) included). A scheme for the repristination of passenger and goods traffics over Irish waterways, when freed from weedbeds. A scheme to connect by tramline the Cattle Market (North Circular road and Prussia street) with the quays (Sheriff street, lower, and East Wall), parallel with the Link line railway laid (in conjunction with the Great Southern and Western railway line) between the cattle park, Liffey junction, and terminus of Midland Great Western Railway 43 to 45 North Wall, in proximity to the terminal stations or Dublin branches of Great Central Railway, Midland Railway of England, City of Dublin Steam Packet Company, Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Company, Dublin and Glasgow Steam Packet Company, Glasgow, Dublin and Londonderry Steam Packet Company (Laird line), British and Irish Steam Packet Company, Dublin and Morecambe Steamers, London and North Western Railway Company, Dublin Port and Docks Board Landing Sheds and transit sheds of Palgrave, Murphy and Company, steamship owners, agents for steamers from Mediterranean, Spain, Portugal, France, Belgium and Holland and for Liverpool Underwriters’ Association, the cost of acquired rolling stock for animal transport and of additional mileage operated by the Dublin United Tramways Company, limited, to be covered by graziers’ fees.</p>
<p>Positing what protasis would the contraction for such several schemes become a natural and necessary apodosis?</p>
<p>Given a guarantee equal to the sum sought, the support, by deed of gift and transfer vouchers during donor’s lifetime or by bequest after donor’s painless extinction, of eminent financiers (Blum Pasha, Rothschild, Guggenheim, Hirsch, Montefiore, Morgan, Rockefeller) possessing fortunes in 6 figures, amassed during a successful life, and joining capital with opportunity the thing required was done.</p>
<p>What eventuality would render him independent of such wealth?</p>
<p>The independent discovery of a goldseam of inexhaustible ore.</p>
<p>For what reason did he meditate on schemes so difficult of realisation?</p>
<p>It was one of his axioms that similar meditations or the automatic relation to himself of a narrative concerning himself or tranquil recollection of the past when practised habitually before retiring for the night alleviated fatigue and produced as a result sound repose and renovated vitality.</p>
<p>His justifications?</p>
<p>As a physicist he had learned that of the 70 years of complete human life at least 2/7, viz. 20 years are passed in sleep. As a philosopher he knew that at the termination of any allotted life only an infinitesimal part of any person’s desires has been realised. As a physiologist he believed in the artificial placation of malignant agencies chiefly operative during somnolence.</p>
<p>What did he fear?</p>
<p>The committal of homicide or suicide during sleep by an aberration of the light of reason, the incommensurable categorical intelligence situated in the cerebral convolutions.</p>
<p>What were habitually his final meditations?</p>
<p>Of some one sole unique advertisement to cause passers to stop in wonder, a poster novelty, with all extraneous accretions excluded, reduced to its simplest and most efficient terms not exceeding the span of casual vision and congruous with the velocity of modern life.</p>
<p>What did the first drawer unlocked contain?</p>
<p>A Vere Foster’s handwriting copybook, property of Milly (Millicent) Bloom, certain pages of which bore diagram drawings, marked <em>Papli</em>, which showed a large globular head with 5 hairs erect, 2 eyes in profile, the trunk full front with 3 large buttons, 1 triangular foot: 2 fading photographs of queen Alexandra of England and of Maud Branscombe, actress and professional beauty: a Yuletide card, bearing on it a pictorial representation of a parasitic plant, the legend <em>Mizpah</em>, the date Xmas 1892, the name of the senders: from Mr + Mrs M. Comerford, the versicle: <em>May this Yuletide bring to thee, Joy and peace and welcome glee</em>: a butt of red partly liquefied sealing wax, obtained from the stores department of Messrs Hely’s, Ltd., 89, 90, and 91 Dame street: a box containing the remainder of a gross of gilt “J” pennibs, obtained from same department of same firm: an old sandglass which rolled containing sand which rolled: a sealed prophecy (never unsealed) written by Leopold Bloom in 1886 concerning the consequences of the passing into law of William Ewart Gladstone’s Home Rule bill of 1886 (never passed into law): a bazaar ticket, N<sup>o</sup> 2004, of S. Kevin’s Charity Fair, price 6d, 100 prizes: an infantile epistle, dated, small em monday, reading: capital pee Papli comma capital aitch How are you note of interrogation capital eye I am very well full stop new paragraph signature with flourishes capital em Milly no stop: a cameo brooch, property of Ellen Bloom (born Higgins), deceased: a cameo scarfpin, property of Rudolph Bloom (born Virag), deceased: 3 typewritten letters, addressee, Henry Flower, c/o. P. O. Westland Row, addresser, Martha Clifford, c/o. P. O. Dolphin’s Barn: the transliterated name and address of the addresser of the 3 letters in reversed alphabetic boustrophedonic punctated quadrilinear cryptogram (vowels suppressed) N. IGS./WI. UU. OX/W. OKS. MH/Y. IM: a press cutting from an English weekly periodical <em>Modern Society</em>, subject corporal chastisement in girls’ schools: a pink ribbon which had festooned an Easter egg in the year 1899: two partly uncoiled rubber preservatives with reserve pockets, purchased by post from Box 32, P. O., Charing Cross, London, W. C.: 1 pack of 1 dozen creamlaid envelopes and feintruled notepaper, watermarked, now reduced by 3: some assorted Austrian-Hungarian coins: 2 coupons of the Royal and Privileged Hungarian Lottery: a lowpower magnifying glass: 2 erotic photocards showing a) buccal coition between nude senorita (rere presentation, superior position) and nude torero (fore presentation, inferior position) b) anal violation by male religious (fully clothed, eyes abject) of female religious (partly clothed, eyes direct), purchased by post from Box 32, P. O., Charing Cross, London, W. C.: a press cutting of recipe for renovation of old tan boots: a 1d adhesive stamp, lavender, of the reign of Queen Victoria: a chart of the measurements of Leopold Bloom compiled before, during and after 2 months’ consecutive use of Sandow-Whiteley’s pulley exerciser (men’s 15/-, athlete’s 20/-) viz. chest 28 in and 29 1/2 in, biceps 9 in and 10 in, forearm 8 1/2 in and 9 in, thigh 10 in and 12 in, calf 11 in and 12 in: 1 prospectus of The Wonderworker, the world’s greatest remedy for rectal complaints, direct from Wonderworker, Coventry House, South Place, London E C, addressed (erroneously) to Mrs L. Bloom with brief accompanying note commencing (erroneously): Dear Madam.</p>
<p>Quote the textual terms in which the prospectus claimed advantages for this thaumaturgic remedy.</p>
<p>It heals and soothes while you sleep, in case of trouble in breaking wind, assists nature in the most formidable way, insuring instant relief in discharge of gases, keeping parts clean and free natural action, an initial outlay of 7/6 making a new man of you and life worth living. Ladies find Wonderworker especially useful, a pleasant surprise when they note delightful result like a cool drink of fresh spring water on a sultry summer’s day. Recommend it to your lady and gentlemen friends, lasts a lifetime. Insert long round end. Wonderworker.</p>
<p>Were there testimonials?</p>
<p>Numerous. From clergyman, British naval officer, wellknown author, city man, hospital nurse, lady, mother of five, absentminded beggar.</p>
<p>How did absentminded beggar’s concluding testimonial conclude?</p>
<p>What a pity the government did not supply our men with wonderworkers during the South African campaign! What a relief it would have been!</p>
<p>What object did Bloom add to this collection of objects?</p>
<p>A 4th typewritten letter received by Henry Flower (let H. F. be L. B.) from Martha Clifford (find M. C.).</p>
<p>What pleasant reflection accompanied this action?</p>
<p>The reflection that, apart from the letter in question, his magnetic face, form and address had been favourably received during the course of the preceding day by a wife (Mrs Josephine Breen, born Josie Powell), a nurse, Miss Callan (Christian name unknown), a maid, Gertrude (Gerty, family name unknown).</p>
<p>What possibility suggested itself?</p>
<p>The possibility of exercising virile power of fascination in the not immediate future after an expensive repast in a private apartment in the company of an elegant courtesan, of corporal beauty, moderately mercenary, variously instructed, a lady by origin.</p>
<p>What did the 2nd drawer contain?</p>
<p>Documents: the birth certificate of Leopold Paula Bloom: an endowment assurance policy of £ 500 in the Scottish Widows’ Assurance Society, intestated Millicent (Milly) Bloom, coming into force at 25 years as with profit policy of £ 430, £ 462-10-0 and £ 500 at 60 years or death, 65 years or death and death, respectively, or with profit policy (paidup) of £ 299-10-0 together with cash payment of £ 133-10-0, at option: a bank passbook issued by the Ulster Bank, College Green branch showing statement of a/c for halfyear ending 31 December 1903, balance in depositor’s favour: £ 18-14-6 (eighteen pounds, fourteen shillings and sixpence, sterling), net personalty: certificate of possession of £ 900, Canadian 4% (inscribed) government stock (free of stamp duty): dockets of the Catholic Cemeteries’ (Glasnevin) Committee, relative to a graveplot purchased: a local press cutting concerning change of name by deedpoll.</p>
<p>Quote the textual terms of this notice.</p>
<p>I, Rudolph Virag, now resident at no 52 Clanbrassil street, Dublin, formerly of Szombathely in the kingdom of Hungary, hereby give notice that I have assumed and intend henceforth upon all occasions and at all times to be known by the name of Rudolph Bloom.</p>
<p>What other objects relative to Rudolph Bloom (born Virag) were in the 2nd drawer?</p>
<p>An indistinct daguerreotype of Rudolf Virag and his father Leopold Virag executed in the year 1852 in the portrait atelier of their (respectively) 1st and 2nd cousin, Stefan Virag of Szesfehervar, Hungary. An ancient haggadah book in which a pair of hornrimmed convex spectacles inserted marked the passage of thanksgiving in the ritual prayers for Pessach (Passover): a photocard of the Queen’s Hotel, Ennis, proprietor, Rudolph Bloom: an envelope addressed: <em>To My Dear Son Leopold</em>.</p>
<p>What fractions of phrases did the lecture of those five whole words evoke?</p>
<p>Tomorrow will be a week that I received... it is no use Leopold to be ... with your dear mother... that is not more to stand... to her... all for me is out... be kind to Athos, Leopold... my dear son... always... of me... <em>das Herz... Gott... dein</em>...</p>
<p>What reminiscences of a human subject suffering from progressive melancholia did these objects evoke in Bloom?</p>
<p>An old man, widower, unkempt of hair, in bed, with head covered, sighing: an infirm dog, Athos: aconite, resorted to by increasing doses of grains and scruples as a palliative of recrudescent neuralgia: the face in death of a septuagenarian, suicide by poison.</p>
<p>Why did Bloom experience a sentiment of remorse?</p>
<p>Because in immature impatience he had treated with disrespect certain beliefs and practices.</p>
<p>As?</p>
<p>The prohibition of the use of fleshmeat and milk at one meal: the hebdomadary symposium of incoordinately abstract, perfervidly concrete mercantile coexreligionist excompatriots: the circumcision of male infants: the supernatural character of Judaic scripture: the ineffability of the tetragrammaton: the sanctity of the sabbath.</p>
<p>How did these beliefs and practices now appear to him?</p>
<p>Not more rational than they had then appeared, not less rational than other beliefs and practices now appeared.</p>
<p>What first reminiscence had he of Rudolph Bloom (deceased)?</p>
<p>Rudolph Bloom (deceased) narrated to his son Leopold Bloom (aged 6) a retrospective arrangement of migrations and settlements in and between Dublin, London, Florence, Milan, Vienna, Budapest, Szombathely with statements of satisfaction (his grandfather having seen Maria Theresia, empress of Austria, queen of Hungary), with commercial advice (having taken care of pence, the pounds having taken care of themselves). Leopold Bloom (aged 6) had accompanied these narrations by constant consultation of a geographical map of Europe (political) and by suggestions for the establishment of affiliated business premises in the various centres mentioned.</p>
<p>Had time equally but differently obliterated the memory of these migrations in narrator and listener?</p>
<p>In narrator by the access of years and in consequence of the use of narcotic toxin: in listener by the access of years and in consequence of the action of distraction upon vicarious experiences.</p>
<p>What idiosyncracies of the narrator were concomitant products of amnesia?</p>
<p>Occasionally he ate without having previously removed his hat. Occasionally he drank voraciously the juice of gooseberry fool from an inclined plate. Occasionally he removed from his lips the traces of food by means of a lacerated envelope or other accessible fragment of paper.</p>
<p>What two phenomena of senescence were more frequent?</p>
<p>The myopic digital calculation of coins, eructation consequent upon repletion.</p>
<p>What object offered partial consolation for these reminiscences?</p>
<p>The endowment policy, the bank passbook, the certificate of the possession of scrip.</p>
<p>Reduce Bloom by cross multiplication of reverses of fortune, from which these supports protected him, and by elimination of all positive values to a negligible negative irrational unreal quantity.</p>
<p>Successively, in descending helotic order: Poverty: that of the outdoor hawker of imitation jewellery, the dun for the recovery of bad and doubtful debts, the poor rate and deputy cess collector. Mendicancy: that of the fraudulent bankrupt with negligible assets paying 1/4d in the £, sandwichman, distributor of throwaways, nocturnal vagrant, insinuating sycophant, maimed sailor, blind stripling, superannuated bailiff’s man, marfeast, lickplate, spoilsport, pickthank, eccentric public laughingstock seated on bench of public park under discarded perforated umbrella. Destitution: the inmate of Old Man’s House (Royal Hospital), Kilmainham, the inmate of Simpson’s Hospital for reduced but respectable men permanently disabled by gout or want of sight. Nadir of misery: the aged impotent disfranchised ratesupported moribund lunatic pauper.</p>
<p>With which attendant indignities?</p>
<p>The unsympathetic indifference of previously amiable females, the contempt of muscular males, the acceptance of fragments of bread, the simulated ignorance of casual acquaintances, the latration of illegitimate unlicensed vagabond dogs, the infantile discharge of decomposed vegetable missiles, worth little or nothing, nothing or less than nothing.</p>
<p>By what could such a situation be precluded?</p>
<p>By decease (change of state): by departure (change of place).</p>
<p>Which preferably?</p>
<p>The latter, by the line of least resistance.</p>
<p>What considerations rendered departure not entirely undesirable?</p>
<p>Constant cohabitation impeding mutual toleration of personal defects. The habit of independent purchase increasingly cultivated. The necessity to counteract by impermanent sojourn the permanence of arrest.</p>
<p>What considerations rendered departure not irrational?</p>
<p>The parties concerned, uniting, had increased and multiplied, which being done, offspring produced and educed to maturity, the parties, if not disunited were obliged to reunite for increase and multiplication, which was absurd, to form by reunion the original couple of uniting parties, which was impossible.</p>
<p>What considerations rendered departure desirable?</p>
<p>The attractive character of certain localities in Ireland and abroad, as represented in general geographical maps of polychrome design or in special ordnance survey charts by employment of scale numerals and hachures.</p>
<p>In Ireland?</p>
<p>The cliffs of Moher, the windy wilds of Connemara, lough Neagh with submerged petrified city, the Giant’s Causeway, Fort Camden and Fort Carlisle, the Golden Vale of Tipperary, the islands of Aran, the pastures of royal Meath, Brigid’s elm in Kildare, the Queen’s Island shipyard in Belfast, the Salmon Leap, the lakes of Killarney.</p>
<p>Abroad?</p>
<p>Ceylon (with spicegardens supplying tea to Thomas Kernan, agent for Pulbrook, Robertson and Co, 2 Mincing Lane, London, E. C., 5 Dame street, Dublin), Jerusalem, the holy city (with mosque of Omar and gate of Damascus, goal of aspiration), the straits of Gibraltar (the unique birthplace of Marion Tweedy), the Parthenon (containing statues of nude Grecian divinities), the Wall street money market (which controlled international finance), the Plaza de Toros at La Linea, Spain (where O’Hara of the Camerons had slain the bull), Niagara (over which no human being had passed with impunity), the land of the Eskimos (eaters of soap), the forbidden country of Thibet (from which no traveller returns), the bay of Naples (to see which was to die), the Dead Sea.</p>
<p>Under what guidance, following what signs?</p>
<p>At sea, septentrional, by night the polestar, located at the point of intersection of the right line from beta to alpha in Ursa Maior produced and divided externally at omega and the hypotenuse of the rightangled triangle formed by the line alpha omega so produced and the line alpha delta of Ursa Maior. On land, meridional, a bispherical moon, revealed in imperfect varying phases of lunation through the posterior interstice of the imperfectly occluded skirt of a carnose negligent perambulating female, a pillar of the cloud by day.</p>
<p>What public advertisement would divulge the occultation of the departed?</p>
<p>£ 5 reward, lost, stolen or strayed from his residence 7 Eccles street, missing gent about 40, answering to the name of Bloom, Leopold (Poldy), height 5 ft 9 1/2 inches, full build, olive complexion, may have since grown a beard, when last seen was wearing a black suit. Above sum will be paid for information leading to his discovery.</p>
<p>What universal binomial denominations would be his as entity and nonentity?</p>
<p>Assumed by any or known to none. Everyman or Noman.</p>
<p>What tributes his?</p>
<p>Honour and gifts of strangers, the friends of Everyman. A nymph immortal, beauty, the bride of Noman.</p>
<p>Would the departed never nowhere nohow reappear?</p>
<p>Ever he would wander, selfcompelled, to the extreme limit of his cometary orbit, beyond the fixed stars and variable suns and telescopic planets, astronomical waifs and strays, to the extreme boundary of space, passing from land to land, among peoples, amid events. Somewhere imperceptibly he would hear and somehow reluctantly, suncompelled, obey the summons of recall. Whence, disappearing from the constellation of the Northern Crown he would somehow reappear reborn above delta in the constellation of Cassiopeia and after incalculable eons of peregrination return an estranged avenger, a wreaker of justice on malefactors, a dark crusader, a sleeper awakened, with financial resources (by supposition) surpassing those of Rothschild or the silver king.</p>
<p>What would render such return irrational?</p>
<p>An unsatisfactory equation between an exodus and return in time through reversible space and an exodus and return in space through irreversible time.</p>
<p>What play of forces, inducing inertia, rendered departure undesirable?</p>
<p>The lateness of the hour, rendering procrastinatory: the obscurity of the night, rendering invisible: the uncertainty of thoroughfares, rendering perilous: the necessity for repose, obviating movement: the proximity of an occupied bed, obviating research: the anticipation of warmth (human) tempered with coolness (linen), obviating desire and rendering desirable: the statue of Narcissus, sound without echo, desired desire.</p>
<p>What advantages were possessed by an occupied, as distinct from an unoccupied bed?</p>
<p>The removal of nocturnal solitude, the superior quality of human (mature female) to inhuman (hotwaterjar) calefaction, the stimulation of matutinal contact, the economy of mangling done on the premises in the case of trousers accurately folded and placed lengthwise between the spring mattress (striped) and the woollen mattress (biscuit section).</p>
<p>What past consecutive causes, before rising preapprehended, of accumulated fatigue did Bloom, before rising, silently recapitulate?</p>
<p>The preparation of breakfast (burnt offering): intestinal congestion and premeditative defecation (holy of holies): the bath (rite of John): the funeral (rite of Samuel): the advertisement of Alexander Keyes (Urim and Thummim): the unsubstantial lunch (rite of Melchisedek): the visit to museum and national library (holy place): the bookhunt along Bedford row, Merchants’ Arch, Wellington Quay (Simchath Torah): the music in the Ormond Hotel (Shira Shirim): the altercation with a truculent troglodyte in Bernard Kiernan’s premises (holocaust): a blank period of time including a cardrive, a visit to a house of mourning, a leavetaking (wilderness): the eroticism produced by feminine exhibitionism (rite of Onan): the prolonged delivery of Mrs Mina Purefoy (heave offering): the visit to the disorderly house of Mrs Bella Cohen, 82 Tyrone street, lower, and subsequent brawl and chance medley in Beaver street (Armageddon): nocturnal perambulation to and from the cabman’s shelter, Butt Bridge (atonement).</p>
<p>What selfimposed enigma did Bloom about to rise in order to go so as to conclude lest he should not conclude involuntarily apprehend?</p>
<p>The cause of a brief sharp unforeseen heard loud lone crack emitted by the insentient material of a strainveined timber table.</p>
<p>What selfinvolved enigma did Bloom risen, going, gathering multicoloured multiform multitudinous garments, voluntarily apprehending, not comprehend?</p>
<p>Who was M’Intosh?</p>
<p>What selfevident enigma pondered with desultory constancy during 30 years did Bloom now, having effected natural obscurity by the extinction of artificial light, silently suddenly comprehend?</p>
<p>Where was Moses when the candle went out?</p>
<p>What imperfections in a perfect day did Bloom, walking, charged with collected articles of recently disvested male wearing apparel, silently, successively, enumerate?</p>
<p>A provisional failure to obtain renewal of an advertisement: to obtain a certain quantity of tea from Thomas Kernan (agent for Pulbrook, Robertson and Co, 5 Dame Street, Dublin, and 2 Mincing Lane, London E. C.): to certify the presence or absence of posterior rectal orifice in the case of Hellenic female divinities: to obtain admission (gratuitous or paid) to the performance of <em>Leah</em> by Mrs Bandmann Palmer at the Gaiety Theatre, 46, 47, 48, 49 South King street.</p>
<p>What impression of an absent face did Bloom, arrested, silently recall?</p>
<p>The face of her father, the late Major Brian Cooper Tweedy, Royal Dublin Fusiliers, of Gibraltar and Rehoboth, Dolphin’s Barn.</p>
<p>What recurrent impressions of the same were possible by hypothesis?</p>
<p>Retreating, at the terminus of the Great Northern Railway, Amiens street, with constant uniform acceleration, along parallel lines meeting at infinity, if produced: along parallel lines, reproduced from infinity, with constant uniform retardation, at the terminus of the Great Northern Railway, Amiens street, returning.</p>
<p>What miscellaneous effects of female personal wearing apparel were perceived by him?</p>
<p>A pair of new inodorous halfsilk black ladies’ hose, a pair of new violet garters, a pair of outsize ladies’ drawers of India mull, cut on generous lines, redolent of opoponax, jessamine and Muratti’s Turkish cigarettes and containing a long bright steel safety pin, folded curvilinear, a camisole of batiste with thin lace border, an accordion underskirt of blue silk moirette, all these objects being disposed irregularly on the top of a rectangular trunk, quadruple battened, having capped corners, with multicoloured labels, initialled on its fore side in white lettering B. C. T. (Brian Cooper Tweedy).</p>
<p>What impersonal objects were perceived?</p>
<p>A commode, one leg fractured, totally covered by square cretonne cutting, apple design, on which rested a lady’s black straw hat. Orangekeyed ware, bought of Henry Price, basket, fancy goods, chinaware and ironmongery manufacturer, 21, 22, 23 Moore street, disposed irregularly on the washstand and floor and consisting of basin, soapdish and brushtray (on the washstand, together), pitcher and night article (on the floor, separate).</p>
<p>Bloom’s acts?</p>
<p>He deposited the articles of clothing on a chair, removed his remaining articles of clothing, took from beneath the bolster at the head of the bed a folded long white nightshirt, inserted his head and arms into the proper apertures of the nightshirt, removed a pillow from the head to the foot of the bed, prepared the bedlinen accordingly and entered the bed.</p>
<p>How?</p>
<p>With circumspection, as invariably when entering an abode (his own or not his own): with solicitude, the snakespiral springs of the mattress being old, the brass quoits and pendent viper radii loose and tremulous under stress and strain: prudently, as entering a lair or ambush of lust or adders: lightly, the less to disturb: reverently, the bed of conception and of birth, of consummation of marriage and of breach of marriage, of sleep and of death.</p>
<p>What did his limbs, when gradually extended, encounter?</p>
<p>New clean bedlinen, additional odours, the presence of a human form, female, hers, the imprint of a human form, male, not his, some crumbs, some flakes of potted meat, recooked, which he removed.</p>
<p>If he had smiled why would he have smiled?</p>
<p>To reflect that each one who enters imagines himself to be the first to enter whereas he is always the last term of a preceding series even if the first term of a succeeding one, each imagining himself to be first, last, only and alone whereas he is neither first nor last nor only nor alone in a series originating in and repeated to infinity.</p>
<p>What preceding series?</p>
<p>Assuming Mulvey to be the first term of his series, Penrose, Bartell d’Arcy, professor Goodwin, Julius Mastiansky, John Henry Menton, Father Bernard Corrigan, a farmer at the Royal Dublin Society’s Horse Show, Maggot O’Reilly, Matthew Dillon, Valentine Blake Dillon (Lord Mayor of Dublin), Christopher Callinan, Lenehan, an Italian organgrinder, an unknown gentleman in the Gaiety Theatre, Benjamin Dollard, Simon Dedalus, Andrew (Pisser) Burke, Joseph Cuffe, Wisdom Hely, Alderman John Hooper, Dr Francis Brady, Father Sebastian of Mount Argus, a bootblack at the General Post Office, Hugh E. (Blazes) Boylan and so each and so on to no last term.</p>
<p>What were his reflections concerning the last member of this series and late occupant of the bed?</p>
<p>Reflections on his vigour (a bounder), corporal proportion (a billsticker), commercial ability (a bester), impressionability (a boaster).</p>
<p>Why for the observer impressionability in addition to vigour, corporal proportion and commercial ability?</p>
<p>Because he had observed with augmenting frequency in the preceding members of the same series the same concupiscence, inflammably transmitted, first with alarm, then with understanding, then with desire, finally with fatigue, with alternating symptoms of epicene comprehension and apprehension.</p>
<p>With what antagonistic sentiments were his subsequent reflections affected?</p>
<p>Envy, jealousy, abnegation, equanimity.</p>
<p>Envy?</p>
<p>Of a bodily and mental male organism specially adapted for the superincumbent posture of energetic human copulation and energetic piston and cylinder movement necessary for the complete satisfaction of a constant but not acute concupiscence resident in a bodily and mental female organism, passive but not obtuse.</p>
<p>Jealousy?</p>
<p>Because a nature full and volatile in its free state, was alternately the agent and reagent of attraction. Because attraction between agent(s) and reagent(s) at all instants varied, with inverse proportion of increase and decrease, with incessant circular extension and radial reentrance. Because the controlled contemplation of the fluctuation of attraction produced, if desired, a fluctuation of pleasure.</p>
<p>Abnegation?</p>
<p>In virtue of a) acquaintance initiated in September 1903 in the establishment of George Mesias, merchant tailor and outfitter, 5 Eden Quay, b) hospitality extended and received in kind, reciprocated and reappropriated in person, c) comparative youth subject to impulses of ambition and magnanimity, colleagual altruism and amorous egoism, d) extraracial attraction, intraracial inhibition, supraracial prerogative, e) an imminent provincial musical tour, common current expenses, net proceeds divided.</p>
<p>Equanimity?</p>
<p>As as natural as any and every natural act of a nature expressed or understood executed in natured nature by natural creatures in accordance with his, her and their natured natures, of dissimilar similarity. As not so calamitous as a cataclysmic annihilation of the planet in consequence of a collision with a dark sun. As less reprehensible than theft, highway robbery, cruelty to children and animals, obtaining money under false pretences, forgery, embezzlement, misappropriation of public money, betrayal of public trust, malingering, mayhem, corruption of minors, criminal libel, blackmail, contempt of court, arson, treason, felony, mutiny on the high seas, trespass, burglary, jailbreaking, practice of unnatural vice, desertion from armed forces in the field, perjury, poaching, usury, intelligence with the king’s enemies, impersonation, criminal assault, manslaughter, wilful and premeditated murder. As not more abnormal than all other parallel processes of adaptation to altered conditions of existence, resulting in a reciprocal equilibrium between the bodily organism and its attendant circumstances, foods, beverages, acquired habits, indulged inclinations, significant disease. As more than inevitable, irreparable.</p>
<p>Why more abnegation than jealousy, less envy than equanimity?</p>
<p>From outrage (matrimony) to outrage (adultery) there arose nought but outrage (copulation) yet the matrimonial violator of the matrimonially violated had not been outraged by the adulterous violator of the adulterously violated.</p>
<p>What retribution, if any?</p>
<p>Assassination, never, as two wrongs did not make one right. Duel by combat, no. Divorce, not now. Exposure by mechanical artifice (automatic bed) or individual testimony (concealed ocular witnesses), not yet. Suit for damages by legal influence or simulation of assault with evidence of injuries sustained (selfinflicted), not impossibly. Hushmoney by moral influence, possibly. If any, positively, connivance, introduction of emulation (material, a prosperous rival agency of publicity: moral, a successful rival agent of intimacy), depreciation, alienation, humiliation, separation protecting the one separated from the other, protecting the separator from both.</p>
<p>By what reflections did he, a conscious reactor against the void of incertitude, justify to himself his sentiments?</p>
<p>The preordained frangibility of the hymen: the presupposed intangibility of the thing in itself: the incongruity and disproportion between the selfprolonging tension of the thing proposed to be done and the selfabbreviating relaxation of the thing done: the fallaciously inferred debility of the female: the muscularity of the male: the variations of ethical codes: the natural grammatical transition by inversion involving no alteration of sense of an aorist preterite proposition (parsed as masculine subject, monosyllabic onomatopoeic transitive verb with direct feminine object) from the active voice into its correlative aorist preterite proposition (parsed as feminine subject, auxiliary verb and quasimonosyllabic onomatopoeic past participle with complementary masculine agent) in the passive voice: the continued product of seminators by generation: the continual production of semen by distillation: the futility of triumph or protest or vindication: the inanity of extolled virtue: the lethargy of nescient matter: the apathy of the stars.</p>
<p>In what final satisfaction did these antagonistic sentiments and reflections, reduced to their simplest forms, converge?</p>
<p>Satisfaction at the ubiquity in eastern and western terrestrial hemispheres, in all habitable lands and islands explored or unexplored (the land of the midnight sun, the islands of the blessed, the isles of Greece, the land of promise), of adipose anterior and posterior female hemispheres, redolent of milk and honey and of excretory sanguine and seminal warmth, reminiscent of secular families of curves of amplitude, insusceptible of moods of impression or of contrarieties of expression, expressive of mute immutable mature animality.</p>
<p>The visible signs of antesatisfaction?</p>
<p>An approximate erection: a solicitous adversion: a gradual elevation: a tentative revelation: a silent contemplation.</p>
<p>Then?</p>
<p>He kissed the plump mellow yellow smellow melons of her rump, on each plump melonous hemisphere, in their mellow yellow furrow, with obscure prolonged provocative melonsmellonous osculation.</p>
<p>The visible signs of postsatisfaction?</p>
<p>A silent contemplation: a tentative velation: a gradual abasement: a solicitous aversion: a proximate erection.</p>
<p>What followed this silent action?</p>
<p>Somnolent invocation, less somnolent recognition, incipient excitation, catechetical interrogation.</p>
<p>With what modifications did the narrator reply to this interrogation?</p>
<p>Negative: he omitted to mention the clandestine correspondence between Martha Clifford and Henry Flower, the public altercation at, in and in the vicinity of the licensed premises of Bernard Kiernan and Co, Limited, 8, 9 and 10 Little Britain street, the erotic provocation and response thereto caused by the exhibitionism of Gertrude (Gerty), surname unknown. Positive: he included mention of a performance by Mrs Bandmann Palmer of <em>Leah</em> at the Gaiety Theatre, 46, 47, 48, 49 South King street, an invitation to supper at Wynn’s (Murphy’s) Hotel, 35, 36 and 37 Lower Abbey street, a volume of peccaminous pornographical tendency entituled <em>Sweets of Sin</em>, anonymous author a gentleman of fashion, a temporary concussion caused by a falsely calculated movement in the course of a postcenal gymnastic display, the victim (since completely recovered) being Stephen Dedalus, professor and author, eldest surviving son of Simon Dedalus, of no fixed occupation, an aeronautical feat executed by him (narrator) in the presence of a witness, the professor and author aforesaid, with promptitude of decision and gymnastic flexibility.</p>
<p>Was the narration otherwise unaltered by modifications?</p>
<p>Absolutely.</p>
<p>Which event or person emerged as the salient point of his narration?</p>
<p>Stephen Dedalus, professor and author.</p>
<p>What limitations of activity and inhibitions of conjugal rights were perceived by listener and narrator concerning themselves during the course of this intermittent and increasingly more laconic narration?</p>
<p>By the listener a limitation of fertility inasmuch as marriage had been celebrated 1 calendar month after the 18th anniversary of her birth (8 September 1870), viz. 8 October, and consummated on the same date with female issue born 15 June 1889, having been anticipatorily consummated on the 10 September of the same year and complete carnal intercourse, with ejaculation of semen within the natural female organ, having last taken place 5 weeks previous, viz. 27 November 1893, to the birth on 29 December 1893 of second (and only male) issue, deceased 9 January 1894, aged 11 days, there remained a period of 10 years, 5 months and 18 days during which carnal intercourse had been incomplete, without ejaculation of semen within the natural female organ. By the narrator a limitation of activity, mental and corporal, inasmuch as complete mental intercourse between himself and the listener had not taken place since the consummation of puberty, indicated by catamenic hemorrhage, of the female issue of narrator and listener, 15 September 1903, there remained a period of 9 months and 1 day during which, in consequence of a preestablished natural comprehension in incomprehension between the consummated females (listener and issue), complete corporal liberty of action had been circumscribed.</p>
<p>How?</p>
<p>By various reiterated feminine interrogation concerning the masculine destination whither, the place where, the time at which, the duration for which, the object with which in the case of temporary absences, projected or effected.</p>
<p>What moved visibly above the listener’s and the narrator’s invisible thoughts?</p>
<p>The upcast reflection of a lamp and shade, an inconstant series of concentric circles of varying gradations of light and shadow.</p>
<p>In what directions did listener and narrator lie?</p>
<p>Listener, S. E. by E.: Narrator, N. W. by W.: on the 53rd parallel of latitude, N., and 6th meridian of longitude, W.: at an angle of 45° to the terrestrial equator.</p>
<p>In what state of rest or motion?</p>
<p>At rest relatively to themselves and to each other. In motion being each and both carried westward, forward and rereward respectively, by the proper perpetual motion of the earth through everchanging tracks of neverchanging space.</p>
<p>In what posture?</p>
<p>Listener: reclined semilaterally, left, left hand under head, right leg extended in a straight line and resting on left leg, flexed, in the attitude of Gea-Tellus, fulfilled, recumbent, big with seed. Narrator: reclined laterally, left, with right and left legs flexed, the index finger and thumb of the right hand resting on the bridge of the nose, in the attitude depicted in a snapshot photograph made by Percy Apjohn, the childman weary, the manchild in the womb.</p>
<p>Womb? Weary?</p>
<p>He rests. He has travelled.</p>
<p>With?</p>
<p>Sinbad the Sailor and Tinbad the Tailor and Jinbad the Jailer and Whinbad the Whaler and Ninbad the Nailer and Finbad the Failer and Binbad the Bailer and Pinbad the Pailer and Minbad the Mailer and Hinbad the Hailer and Rinbad the Railer and Dinbad the Kailer and Vinbad the Quailer and Linbad the Yailer and Xinbad the Phthailer.</p>
<p>When?</p>
<p>Going to dark bed there was a square round Sinbad the Sailor roc’s auk’s egg in the night of the bed of all the auks of the rocs of Darkinbad the Brightdayler.</p>
<p>Where?</p>
<p>•</p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html_pgepubid00085" class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html_chap18"></span>[ 18 ]</h3>
<p>Yes because he never did a thing like that before as ask to get his breakfast in bed with a couple of eggs since the <em>City Arms</em> hotel when he used to be pretending to be laid up with a sick voice doing his highness to make himself interesting for that old faggot Mrs Riordan that he thought he had a great leg of and she never left us a farthing all for masses for herself and her soul greatest miser ever was actually afraid to lay out 4d for her methylated spirit telling me all her ailments she had too much old chat in her about politics and earthquakes and the end of the world let us have a bit of fun first God help the world if all the women were her sort down on bathingsuits and lownecks of course nobody wanted her to wear them I suppose she was pious because no man would look at her twice I hope Ill never be like her a wonder she didnt want us to cover our faces but she was a welleducated woman certainly and her gabby talk about Mr Riordan here and Mr Riordan there I suppose he was glad to get shut of her and her dog smelling my fur and always edging to get up under my petticoats especially then still I like that in him polite to old women like that and waiters and beggars too hes not proud out of nothing but not always if ever he got anything really serious the matter with him its much better for them to go into a hospital where everything is clean but I suppose Id have to dring it into him for a month yes and then wed have a hospital nurse next thing on the carpet have him staying there till they throw him out or a nun maybe like the smutty photo he has shes as much a nun as Im not yes because theyre so weak and puling when theyre sick they want a woman to get well if his nose bleeds youd think it was O tragic and that dyinglooking one off the south circular when he sprained his foot at the choir party at the sugarloaf Mountain the day I wore that dress Miss Stack bringing him flowers the worst old ones she could find at the bottom of the basket anything at all to get into a mans bedroom with her old maids voice trying to imagine he was dying on account of her to never see thy face again though he looked more like a man with his beard a bit grown in the bed father was the same besides I hate bandaging and dosing when he cut his toe with the razor paring his corns afraid hed get bloodpoisoning but if it was a thing I was sick then wed see what attention only of course the woman hides it not to give all the trouble they do yes he came somewhere Im sure by his appetite anyway love its not or hed be off his feed thinking of her so either it was one of those night women if it was down there he was really and the hotel story he made up a pack of lies to hide it planning it Hynes kept me who did I meet ah yes I met do you remember Menton and who else who let me see that big babbyface I saw him and he not long married flirting with a young girl at Pooles Myriorama and turned my back on him when he slinked out looking quite conscious what harm but he had the impudence to make up to me one time well done to him mouth almighty and his boiled eyes of all the big stupoes I ever met and thats called a solicitor only for I hate having a long wrangle in bed or else if its not that its some little bitch or other he got in with somewhere or picked up on the sly if they only knew him as well as I do yes because the day before yesterday he was scribbling something a letter when I came into the front room to show him Dignams death in the paper as if something told me and he covered it up with the blottingpaper pretending to be thinking about business so very probably that was it to somebody who thinks she has a softy in him because all men get a bit like that at his age especially getting on to forty he is now so as to wheedle any money she can out of him no fool like an old fool and then the usual kissing my bottom was to hide it not that I care two straws now who he does it with or knew before that way though Id like to find out so long as I dont have the two of them under my nose all the time like that slut that Mary we had in Ontario terrace padding out her false bottom to excite him bad enough to get the smell of those painted women off him once or twice I had a suspicion by getting him to come near me when I found the long hair on his coat without that one when I went into the kitchen pretending he was drinking water 1 woman is not enough for them it was all his fault of course ruining servants then proposing that she could eat at our table on Christmas day if you please O no thank you not in my house stealing my potatoes and the oysters 2/6 per doz going out to see her aunt if you please common robbery so it was but I was sure he had something on with that one it takes me to find out a thing like that he said you have no proof it was her proof O yes her aunt was very fond of oysters but I told her what I thought of her suggesting me to go out to be alone with her I wouldnt lower myself to spy on them the garters I found in her room the Friday she was out that was enough for me a little bit too much her face swelled up on her with temper when I gave her her weeks notice I saw to that better do without them altogether do out the rooms myself quicker only for the damn cooking and throwing out the dirt I gave it to him anyhow either she or me leaves the house I couldnt even touch him if I thought he was with a dirty barefaced liar and sloven like that one denying it up to my face and singing about the place in the W C too because she knew she was too well off yes because he couldnt possibly do without it that long so he must do it somewhere and the last time he came on my bottom when was it the night Boylan gave my hand a great squeeze going along by the Tolka in my hand there steals another I just pressed the back of his like that with my thumb to squeeze back singing the young May moon shes beaming love because he has an idea about him and me hes not such a fool he said Im dining out and going to the Gaiety though Im not going to give him the satisfaction in any case God knows hes a change in a way not to be always and ever wearing the same old hat unless I paid some nicelooking boy to do it since I cant do it myself a young boy would like me Id confuse him a little alone with him if we were Id let him see my garters the new ones and make him turn red looking at him seduce him I know what boys feel with that down on their cheek doing that frigging drawing out the thing by the hour question and answer would you do this that and the other with the coalman yes with a bishop yes I would because I told him about some dean or bishop was sitting beside me in the jews temples gardens when I was knitting that woollen thing a stranger to Dublin what place was it and so on about the monuments and he tired me out with statues encouraging him making him worse than he is who is in your mind now tell me who are you thinking of who is it tell me his name who tell me who the german Emperor is it yes imagine Im him think of him can you feel him trying to make a whore of me what he never will he ought to give it up now at this age of his life simply ruination for any woman and no satisfaction in it pretending to like it till he comes and then finish it off myself anyway and it makes your lips pale anyhow its done now once and for all with all the talk of the world about it people make its only the first time after that its just the ordinary do it and think no more about it why cant you kiss a man without going and marrying him first you sometimes love to wildly when you feel that way so nice all over you you cant help yourself I wish some man or other would take me sometime when hes there and kiss me in his arms theres nothing like a kiss long and hot down to your soul almost paralyses you then I hate that confession when I used to go to Father Corrigan he touched me father and what harm if he did where and I said on the canal bank like a fool but whereabouts on your person my child on the leg behind high up was it yes rather high up was it where you sit down yes O Lord couldnt he say bottom right out and have done with it what has that got to do with it and did you whatever way he put it I forget no father and I always think of the real father what did he want to know for when I already confessed it to God he had a nice fat hand the palm moist always I wouldnt mind feeling it neither would he Id say by the bullneck in his horsecollar I wonder did he know me in the box I could see his face he couldnt see mine of course hed never turn or let on still his eyes were red when his father died theyre lost for a woman of course must be terrible when a man cries let alone them Id like to be embraced by one in his vestments and the smell of incense off him like the pope besides theres no danger with a priest if youre married hes too careful about himself then give something to H H the pope for a penance I wonder was he satisfied with me one thing I didnt like his slapping me behind going away so familiarly in the hall though I laughed Im not a horse or an ass am I I suppose he was thinking of his fathers I wonder is he awake thinking of me or dreaming am I in it who gave him that flower he said he bought he smelt of some kind of drink not whisky or stout or perhaps the sweety kind of paste they stick their bills up with some liqueur Id like to sip those richlooking green and yellow expensive drinks those stagedoor johnnies drink with the opera hats I tasted once with my finger dipped out of that American that had the squirrel talking stamps with father he had all he could do to keep himself from falling asleep after the last time after we took the port and potted meat it had a fine salty taste yes because I felt lovely and tired myself and fell asleep as sound as a top the moment I popped straight into bed till that thunder woke me up God be merciful to us I thought the heavens were coming down about us to punish us when I blessed myself and said a Hail Mary like those awful thunderbolts in Gibraltar as if the world was coming to an end and then they come and tell you theres no God what could you do if it was running and rushing about nothing only make an act of contrition the candle I lit that evening in Whitefriars street chapel for the month of May see it brought its luck though hed scoff if he heard because he never goes to church mass or meeting he says your soul you have no soul inside only grey matter because he doesnt know what it is to have one yes when I lit the lamp because he must have come 3 or 4 times with that tremendous big red brute of a thing he has I thought the vein or whatever the dickens they call it was going to burst though his nose is not so big after I took off all my things with the blinds down after my hours dressing and perfuming and combing it like iron or some kind of a thick crowbar standing all the time he must have eaten oysters I think a few dozen he was in great singing voice no I never in all my life felt anyone had one the size of that to make you feel full up he must have eaten a whole sheep after whats the idea making us like that with a big hole in the middle of us or like a Stallion driving it up into you because thats all they want out of you with that determined vicious look in his eye I had to halfshut my eyes still he hasnt such a tremendous amount of spunk in him when I made him pull out and do it on me considering how big it is so much the better in case any of it wasnt washed out properly the last time I let him finish it in me nice invention they made for women for him to get all the pleasure but if someone gave them a touch of it themselves theyd know what I went through with Milly nobody would believe cutting her teeth too and Mina Purefoys husband give us a swing out of your whiskers filling her up with a child or twins once a year as regular as the clock always with a smell of children off her the one they called budgers or something like a nigger with a shock of hair on it Jesusjack the child is a black the last time I was there a squad of them falling over one another and bawling you couldnt hear your ears supposed to be healthy not satisfied till they have us swollen out like elephants or I dont know what supposing I risked having another not off him though still if he was married Im sure hed have a fine strong child but I dont know Poldy has more spunk in him yes thatd be awfully jolly I suppose it was meeting Josie Powell and the funeral and thinking about me and Boylan set him off well he can think what he likes now if thatll do him any good I know they were spooning a bit when I came on the scene he was dancing and sitting out with her the night of Georgina Simpsons housewarming and then he wanted to ram it down my neck it was on account of not liking to see her a wallflower that was why we had the standup row over politics he began it not me when he said about Our Lord being a carpenter at last he made me cry of course a woman is so sensitive about everything I was fuming with myself after for giving in only for I knew he was gone on me and the first socialist he said He was he annoyed me so much I couldnt put him into a temper still he knows a lot of mixedup things especially about the body and the inside I often wanted to study up that myself what we have inside us in that family physician I could always hear his voice talking when the room was crowded and watch him after that I pretended I had a coolness on with her over him because he used to be a bit on the jealous side whenever he asked who are you going to and I said over to Floey and he made me the present of Byrons poems and the three pairs of gloves so that finished that I could quite easily get him to make it up any time I know how Id even supposing he got in with her again and was going out to see her somewhere Id know if he refused to eat the onions I know plenty of ways ask him to tuck down the collar of my blouse or touch him with my veil and gloves on going out 1 kiss then would send them all spinning however alright well see then let him go to her she of course would only be too delighted to pretend shes mad in love with him that I wouldnt so much mind Id just go to her and ask her do you love him and look her square in the eyes she couldnt fool me but he might imagine he was and make a declaration to her with his plabbery kind of a manner like he did to me though I had the devils own job to get it out of him though I liked him for that it showed he could hold in and wasnt to be got for the asking he was on the pop of asking me too the night in the kitchen I was rolling the potato cake theres something I want to say to you only for I put him off letting on I was in a temper with my hands and arms full of pasty flour in any case I let out too much the night before talking of dreams so I didnt want to let him know more than was good for him she used to be always embracing me Josie whenever he was there meaning him of course glauming me over and when I said I washed up and down as far as possible asking me and did you wash possible the women are always egging on to that putting it on thick when hes there they know by his sly eye blinking a bit putting on the indifferent when they come out with something the kind he is what spoils him I dont wonder in the least because he was very handsome at that time trying to look like Lord Byron I said I liked though he was too beautiful for a man and he was a little before we got engaged afterwards though she didnt like it so much the day I was in fits of laughing with the giggles I couldnt stop about all my hairpins falling out one after another with the mass of hair I had youre always in great humour she said yes because it grigged her because she knew what it meant because I used to tell her a good bit of what went on between us not all but just enough to make her mouth water but that wasnt my fault she didnt darken the door much after we were married I wonder what shes got like now after living with that dotty husband of hers she had her face beginning to look drawn and run down the last time I saw her she must have been just after a row with him because I saw on the moment she was edging to draw down a conversation about husbands and talk about him to run him down what was it she told me O yes that sometimes he used to go to bed with his muddy boots on when the maggot takes him just imagine having to get into bed with a thing like that that might murder you any moment what a man well its not the one way everyone goes mad Poldy anyhow whatever he does always wipes his feet on the mat when he comes in wet or shine and always blacks his own boots too and he always takes off his hat when he comes up in the street like then and now hes going about in his slippers to look for £ 10000 for a postcard U p up O sweetheart May wouldnt a thing like that simply bore you stiff to extinction actually too stupid even to take his boots off now what could you make of a man like that Id rather die 20 times over than marry another of their sex of course hed never find another woman like me to put up with him the way I do know me come sleep with me yes and he knows that too at the bottom of his heart take that Mrs Maybrick that poisoned her husband for what I wonder in love with some other man yes it was found out on her wasnt she the downright villain to go and do a thing like that of course some men can be dreadfully aggravating drive you mad and always the worst word in the world what do they ask us to marry them for if were so bad as all that comes to yes because they cant get on without us white Arsenic she put in his tea off flypaper wasnt it I wonder why they call it that if I asked him hed say its from the Greek leave us as wise as we were before she must have been madly in love with the other fellow to run the chance of being hanged O she didnt care if that was her nature what could she do besides theyre not brutes enough to go and hang a woman surely are they</p>
<p>theyre all so different Boylan talking about the shape of my foot he noticed at once even before he was introduced when I was in the D B C with Poldy laughing and trying to listen I was waggling my foot we both ordered 2 teas and plain bread and butter I saw him looking with his two old maids of sisters when I stood up and asked the girl where it was what do I care with it dropping out of me and that black closed breeches he made me buy takes you half an hour to let them down wetting all myself always with some brandnew fad every other week such a long one I did I forgot my suede gloves on the seat behind that I never got after some robber of a woman and he wanted me to put it in the Irish times lost in the ladies lavatory D B C Dame street finder return to Mrs Marion Bloom and I saw his eyes on my feet going out through the turning door he was looking when I looked back and I went there for tea 2 days after in the hope but he wasnt now how did that excite him because I was crossing them when we were in the other room first he meant the shoes that are too tight to walk in my hand is nice like that if I only had a ring with the stone for my month a nice aquamarine Ill stick him for one and a gold bracelet I dont like my foot so much still I made him spend once with my foot the night after Goodwins botchup of a concert so cold and windy it was well we had that rum in the house to mull and the fire wasnt black out when he asked to take off my stockings lying on the hearthrug in Lombard street west and another time it was my muddy boots hed like me to walk in all the horses dung I could find but of course hes not natural like the rest of the world that I what did he say I could give 9 points in 10 to Katty Lanner and beat her what does that mean I asked him I forget what he said because the stoppress edition just passed and the man with the curly hair in the Lucan dairy thats so polite I think I saw his face before somewhere I noticed him when I was tasting the butter so I took my time Bartell DArcy too that he used to make fun of when he commenced kissing me on the choir stairs after I sang Gounods <em>Ave Maria</em> what are we waiting for O my heart kiss me straight on the brow and part which is my brown part he was pretty hot for all his tinny voice too my low notes he was always raving about if you can believe him I liked the way he used his mouth singing then he said wasnt it terrible to do that there in a place like that I dont see anything so terrible about it Ill tell him about that some day not now and surprise him ay and Ill take him there and show him the very place too we did it so now there you are like it or lump it he thinks nothing can happen without him knowing he hadnt an idea about my mother till we were engaged otherwise hed never have got me so cheap as he did he was 10 times worse himself anyhow begging me to give him a tiny bit cut off my drawers that was the evening coming along Kenilworth square he kissed me in the eye of my glove and I had to take it off asking me questions is it permitted to enquire the shape of my bedroom so I let him keep it as if I forgot it to think of me when I saw him slip it into his pocket of course hes mad on the subject of drawers thats plain to be seen always skeezing at those brazenfaced things on the bicycles with their skirts blowing up to their navels even when Milly and I were out with him at the open air fete that one in the cream muslin standing right against the sun so he could see every atom she had on when he saw me from behind following in the rain I saw him before he saw me however standing at the corner of the Harolds cross road with a new raincoat on him with the muffler in the Zingari colours to show off his complexion and the brown hat looking slyboots as usual what was he doing there where hed no business they can go and get whatever they like from anything at all with a skirt on it and were not to ask any questions but they want to know where were you where are you going I could feel him coming along skulking after me his eyes on my neck he had been keeping away from the house he felt it was getting too warm for him so I halfturned and stopped then he pestered me to say yes till I took off my glove slowly watching him he said my openwork sleeves were too cold for the rain anything for an excuse to put his hand anear me drawers drawers the whole blessed time till I promised to give him the pair off my doll to carry about in his waistcoat pocket <em>O Maria Santisima</em> he did look a big fool dreeping in the rain splendid set of teeth he had made me hungry to look at them and beseeched of me to lift the orange petticoat I had on with the sunray pleats that there was nobody he said hed kneel down in the wet if I didnt so persevering he would too and ruin his new raincoat you never know what freak theyd take alone with you theyre so savage for it if anyone was passing so I lifted them a bit and touched his trousers outside the way I used to Gardner after with my ring hand to keep him from doing worse where it was too public I was dying to find out was he circumcised he was shaking like a jelly all over they want to do everything too quick take all the pleasure out of it and father waiting all the time for his dinner he told me to say I left my purse in the butchers and had to go back for it what a Deceiver then he wrote me that letter with all those words in it how could he have the face to any woman after his company manners making it so awkward after when we met asking me have I offended you with my eyelids down of course he saw I wasnt he had a few brains not like that other fool Henny Doyle he was always breaking or tearing something in the charades I hate an unlucky man and if I knew what it meant of course I had to say no for form sake dont understand you I said and wasnt it natural so it is of course it used to be written up with a picture of a womans on that wall in Gibraltar with that word I couldnt find anywhere only for children seeing it too young then writing every morning a letter sometimes twice a day I liked the way he made love then he knew the way to take a woman when he sent me the 8 big poppies because mine was the 8th then I wrote the night he kissed my heart at Dolphins barn I couldnt describe it simply it makes you feel like nothing on earth but he never knew how to embrace well like Gardner I hope hell come on Monday as he said at the same time four I hate people who come at all hours answer the door you think its the vegetables then its somebody and you all undressed or the door of the filthy sloppy kitchen blows open the day old frostyface Goodwin called about the concert in Lombard street and I just after dinner all flushed and tossed with boiling old stew dont look at me professor I had to say Im a fright yes but he was a real old gent in his way it was impossible to be more respectful nobody to say youre out you have to peep out through the blind like the messengerboy today I thought it was a putoff first him sending the port and the peaches first and I was just beginning to yawn with nerves thinking he was trying to make a fool of me when I knew his tattarrattat at the door he must have been a bit late because it was 1/4 after 3 when I saw the 2 Dedalus girls coming from school I never know the time even that watch he gave me never seems to go properly Id want to get it looked after when I threw the penny to that lame sailor for England home and beauty when I was whistling there is a charming girl I love and I hadnt even put on my clean shift or powdered myself or a thing then this day week were to go to Belfast just as well he has to go to Ennis his fathers anniversary the 27th it wouldnt be pleasant if he did suppose our rooms at the hotel were beside each other and any fooling went on in the new bed I couldnt tell him to stop and not bother me with him in the next room or perhaps some protestant clergyman with a cough knocking on the wall then hed never believe the next day we didnt do something its all very well a husband but you cant fool a lover after me telling him we never did anything of course he didnt believe me no its better hes going where he is besides something always happens with him the time going to the Mallow concert at Maryborough ordering boiling soup for the two of us then the bell rang out he walks down the platform with the soup splashing about taking spoonfuls of it hadnt he the nerve and the waiter after him making a holy show of us screeching and confusion for the engine to start but he wouldnt pay till he finished it the two gentlemen in the 3rd class carriage said he was quite right so he was too hes so pigheaded sometimes when he gets a thing into his head a good job he was able to open the carriage door with his knife or theyd have taken us on to Cork I suppose that was done out of revenge on him O I love jaunting in a train or a car with lovely soft cushions I wonder will he take a 1st class for me he might want to do it in the train by tipping the guard well O I suppose therell be the usual idiots of men gaping at us with their eyes as stupid as ever they can possibly be that was an exceptional man that common workman that left us alone in the carriage that day going to Howth Id like to find out something about him 1 or 2 tunnels perhaps then you have to look out of the window all the nicer then coming back suppose I never came back what would they say eloped with him that gets you on on the stage the last concert I sang at where its over a year ago when was it St Teresas hall Clarendon St little chits of missies they have now singing Kathleen Kearney and her like on account of father being in the army and my singing the absentminded beggar and wearing a brooch for Lord Roberts when I had the map of it all and Poldy not Irish enough was it him managed it this time I wouldnt put it past him like he got me on to sing in the <em>Stabat Mater</em> by going around saying he was putting Lead Kindly Light to music I put him up to that till the jesuits found out he was a freemason thumping the piano lead Thou me on copied from some old opera yes and he was going about with some of them Sinner Fein lately or whatever they call themselves talking his usual trash and nonsense he says that little man he showed me without the neck is very intelligent the coming man Griffiths is he well he doesnt look it thats all I can say still it must have been him he knew there was a boycott I hate the mention of their politics after the war that Pretoria and Ladysmith and Bloemfontein where Gardner lieut Stanley G 8th Bn 2nd East Lancs Rgt of enteric fever he was a lovely fellow in khaki and just the right height over me Im sure he was brave too he said I was lovely the evening we kissed goodbye at the canal lock my Irish beauty he was pale with excitement about going away or wed be seen from the road he couldnt stand properly and I so hot as I never felt they could have made their peace in the beginning or old oom Paul and the rest of the other old Krugers go and fight it out between them instead of dragging on for years killing any finelooking men there were with their fever if he was even decently shot it wouldnt have been so bad I love to see a regiment pass in review the first time I saw the Spanish cavalry at La Roque it was lovely after looking across the bay from Algeciras all the lights of the rock like fireflies or those sham battles on the 15 acres the Black Watch with their kilts in time at the march past the 10th hussars the prince of Wales own or the lancers O the lancers theyre grand or the Dublins that won Tugela his father made his money over selling the horses for the cavalry well he could buy me a nice present up in Belfast after what I gave him theyve lovely linen up there or one of those nice kimono things I must buy a mothball like I had before to keep in the drawer with them it would be exciting going round with him shopping buying those things in a new city better leave this ring behind want to keep turning and turning to get it over the knuckle there or they might bell it round the town in their papers or tell the police on me but theyd think were married O let them all go and smother themselves for the fat lot I care he has plenty of money and hes not a marrying man so somebody better get it out of him if I could find out whether he likes me I looked a bit washy of course when I looked close in the handglass powdering a mirror never gives you the expression besides scrooching down on me like that all the time with his big hipbones hes heavy too with his hairy chest for this heat always having to lie down for them better for him put it into me from behind the way Mrs Mastiansky told me her husband made her like the dogs do it and stick out her tongue as far as ever she could and he so quiet and mild with his tingating cither can you ever be up to men the way it takes them lovely stuff in that blue suit he had on and stylish tie and socks with the skyblue silk things on them hes certainly welloff I know by the cut his clothes have and his heavy watch but he was like a perfect devil for a few minutes after he came back with the stoppress tearing up the tickets and swearing blazes because he lost 20 quid he said he lost over that outsider that won and half he put on for me on account of Lenehans tip cursing him to the lowest pits that sponger he was making free with me after the Glencree dinner coming back that long joult over the featherbed mountain after the lord Mayor looking at me with his dirty eyes Val Dillon that big heathen I first noticed him at dessert when I was cracking the nuts with my teeth I wished I could have picked every morsel of that chicken out of my fingers it was so tasty and browned and as tender as anything only for I didnt want to eat everything on my plate those forks and fishslicers were hallmarked silver too I wish I had some I could easily have slipped a couple into my muff when I was playing with them then always hanging out of them for money in a restaurant for the bit you put down your throat we have to be thankful for our mangy cup of tea itself as a great compliment to be noticed the way the world is divided in any case if its going to go on I want at least two other good chemises for one thing and but I dont know what kind of drawers he likes none at all I think didnt he say yes and half the girls in Gibraltar never wore them either naked as God made them that Andalusian singing her Manola she didnt make much secret of what she hadnt yes and the second pair of silkette stockings is laddered after one days wear I could have brought them back to Lewers this morning and kicked up a row and made that one change them only not to upset myself and run the risk of walking into him and ruining the whole thing and one of those kidfitting corsets Id want advertised cheap in the Gentlewoman with elastic gores on the hips he saved the one I have but thats no good what did they say they give a delightful figure line 11/6 obviating that unsightly broad appearance across the lower back to reduce flesh my belly is a bit too big Ill have to knock off the stout at dinner or am I getting too fond of it the last they sent from ORourkes was as flat as a pancake he makes his money easy Larry they call him the old mangy parcel he sent at Xmas a cottage cake and a bottle of hogwash he tried to palm off as claret that he couldnt get anyone to drink God spare his spit for fear hed die of the drouth or I must do a few breathing exercises I wonder is that antifat any good might overdo it the thin ones are not so much the fashion now garters that much I have the violet pair I wore today thats all he bought me out of the cheque he got on the first O no there was the face lotion I finished the last of yesterday that made my skin like new I told him over and over again get that made up in the same place and dont forget it God only knows whether he did after all I said to him Ill know by the bottle anyway if not I suppose Ill only have to wash in my piss like beeftea or chickensoup with some of that opoponax and violet I thought it was beginning to look coarse or old a bit the skin underneath is much finer where it peeled off there on my finger after the burn its a pity it isnt all like that and the four paltry handkerchiefs about 6/- in all sure you cant get on in this world without style all going in food and rent when I get it Ill lash it around I tell you in fine style I always want to throw a handful of tea into the pot measuring and mincing if I buy a pair of old brogues itself do you like those new shoes yes were they Ive no clothes at all the brown costume and the skirt and jacket and the one at the cleaners 3 whats that for any woman cutting up this old hat and patching up the other the men wont look at you and women try to walk on you because they know youve no man then with all the things getting dearer every day for the 4 years more I have of life up to 35 no Im what am I at all Ill be 33 in September will I what O well look at that Mrs Galbraith shes much older than me I saw her when I was out last week her beautys on the wane she was a lovely woman magnificent head of hair on her down to her waist tossing it back like that like Kitty OShea in Grantham street 1st thing I did every morning to look across see her combing it as if she loved it and was full of it pity I only got to know her the day before we left and that Mrs Langtry the jersey lily the prince of Wales was in love with I suppose hes like the first man going the roads only for the name of a king theyre all made the one way only a black mans Id like to try a beauty up to what was she 45 there was some funny story about the jealous old husband what was it at all and an oyster knife he went no he made her wear a kind of a tin thing round her and the prince of Wales yes he had the oyster knife cant be true a thing like that like some of those books he brings me the works of Master Francois Somebody supposed to be a priest about a child born out of her ear because her bumgut fell out a nice word for any priest to write and her a—e as if any fool wouldnt know what that meant I hate that pretending of all things with that old blackguards face on him anybody can see its not true and that Ruby and Fair Tyrants he brought me that twice I remember when I came to page 50 the part about where she hangs him up out of a hook with a cord flagellate sure theres nothing for a woman in that all invention made up about he drinking the champagne out of her slipper after the ball was over like the infant Jesus in the crib at Inchicore in the Blessed Virgins arms sure no woman could have a child that big taken out of her and I thought first it came out of her side because how could she go to the chamber when she wanted to and she a rich lady of course she felt honoured H R H he was in Gibraltar the year I was born I bet he found lilies there too where he planted the tree he planted more than that in his time he might have planted me too if hed come a bit sooner then I wouldnt be here as I am he ought to chuck that Freeman with the paltry few shillings he knocks out of it and go into an office or something where hed get regular pay or a bank where they could put him up on a throne to count the money all the day of course he prefers plottering about the house so you cant stir with him any side whats your programme today I wish hed even smoke a pipe like father to get the smell of a man or pretending to be mooching about for advertisements when he could have been in Mr Cuffes still only for what he did then sending me to try and patch it up I could have got him promoted there to be the manager he gave me a great mirada once or twice first he was as stiff as the mischief really and truly Mrs Bloom only I felt rotten simply with the old rubbishy dress that I lost the leads out of the tails with no cut in it but theyre coming into fashion again I bought it simply to please him I knew it was no good by the finish pity I changed my mind of going to Todd and Burns as I said and not Lees it was just like the shop itself rummage sale a lot of trash I hate those rich shops get on your nerves nothing kills me altogether only he thinks he knows a great lot about a womans dress and cooking mathering everything he can scour off the shelves into it if I went by his advices every blessed hat I put on does that suit me yes take that thats alright the one like a weddingcake standing up miles off my head he said suited me or the dishcover one coming down on my backside on pins and needles about the shopgirl in that place in Grafton street I had the misfortune to bring him into and she as insolent as ever she could be with her smirk saying Im afraid were giving you too much trouble what shes there for but I stared it out of her yes he was awfully stiff and no wonder but he changed the second time he looked Poldy pigheaded as usual like the soup but I could see him looking very hard at my chest when he stood up to open the door for me it was nice of him to show me out in any case Im extremely sorry Mrs Bloom believe me without making it too marked the first time after him being insulted and me being supposed to be his wife I just half smiled I know my chest was out that way at the door when he said Im extremely sorry and Im sure you were</p>
<p>yes I think he made them a bit firmer sucking them like that so long he made me thirsty titties he calls them I had to laugh yes this one anyhow stiff the nipple gets for the least thing Ill get him to keep that up and Ill take those eggs beaten up with marsala fatten them out for him what are all those veins and things curious the way its made 2 the same in case of twins theyre supposed to represent beauty placed up there like those statues in the museum one of them pretending to hide it with her hand are they so beautiful of course compared with what a man looks like with his two bags full and his other thing hanging down out of him or sticking up at you like a hatrack no wonder they hide it with a cabbageleaf that disgusting Cameron highlander behind the meat market or that other wretch with the red head behind the tree where the statue of the fish used to be when I was passing pretending he was pissing standing out for me to see it with his babyclothes up to one side the Queens own they were a nice lot its well the Surreys relieved them theyre always trying to show it to you every time nearly I passed outside the mens greenhouse near the Harcourt street station just to try some fellow or other trying to catch my eye as if it was 1 of the 7 wonders of the world O and the stink of those rotten places the night coming home with Poldy after the Comerfords party oranges and lemonade to make you feel nice and watery I went into 1 of them it was so biting cold I couldnt keep it when was that 93 the canal was frozen yes it was a few months after a pity a couple of the Camerons werent there to see me squatting in the mens place meadero I tried to draw a picture of it before I tore it up like a sausage or something I wonder theyre not afraid going about of getting a kick or a bang of something there the woman is beauty of course thats admitted when he said I could pose for a picture naked to some rich fellow in Holles street when he lost the job in Helys and I was selling the clothes and strumming in the coffee palace would I be like that bath of the nymph with my hair down yes only shes younger or Im a little like that dirty bitch in that Spanish photo he has nymphs used they go about like that I asked him about her and that word met something with hoses in it and he came out with some jawbreakers about the incarnation he never can explain a thing simply the way a body can understand then he goes and burns the bottom out of the pan all for his Kidney this one not so much theres the mark of his teeth still where he tried to bite the nipple I had to scream out arent they fearful trying to hurt you I had a great breast of milk with Milly enough for two what was the reason of that he said I could have got a pound a week as a wet nurse all swelled out the morning that delicate looking student that stopped in no 28 with the Citrons Penrose nearly caught me washing through the window only for I snapped up the towel to my face that was his studenting hurt me they used to weaning her till he got doctor Brady to give me the belladonna prescription I had to get him to suck them they were so hard he said it was sweeter and thicker than cows then he wanted to milk me into the tea well hes beyond everything I declare somebody ought to put him in the budget if I only could remember the one half of the things and write a book out of it the works of Master Poldy yes and its so much smoother the skin much an hour he was at them Im sure by the clock like some kind of a big infant I had at me they want everything in their mouth all the pleasure those men get out of a woman I can feel his mouth O Lord I must stretch myself I wished he was here or somebody to let myself go with and come again like that I feel all fire inside me or if I could dream it when he made me spend the 2nd time tickling me behind with his finger I was coming for about 5 minutes with my legs round him I had to hug him after O Lord I wanted to shout out all sorts of things fuck or shit or anything at all only not to look ugly or those lines from the strain who knows the way hed take it you want to feel your way with a man theyre not all like him thank God some of them want you to be so nice about it I noticed the contrast he does it and doesnt talk I gave my eyes that look with my hair a bit loose from the tumbling and my tongue between my lips up to him the savage brute Thursday Friday one Saturday two Sunday three O Lord I cant wait till Monday</p>
<p>frseeeeeeeefronnnng train somewhere whistling the strength those engines have in them like big giants and the water rolling all over and out of them all sides like the end of Loves old sweeeetsonnnng the poor men that have to be out all the night from their wives and families in those roasting engines stifling it was today Im glad I burned the half of those old Freemans and Photo Bits leaving things like that lying about hes getting very careless and threw the rest of them up in the W C I’ll get him to cut them tomorrow for me instead of having them there for the next year to get a few pence for them have him asking wheres last Januarys paper and all those old overcoats I bundled out of the hall making the place hotter than it is that rain was lovely and refreshing just after my beauty sleep I thought it was going to get like Gibraltar my goodness the heat there before the levanter came on black as night and the glare of the rock standing up in it like a big giant compared with their 3 Rock mountain they think is so great with the red sentries here and there the poplars and they all whitehot and the smell of the rainwater in those tanks watching the sun all the time weltering down on you faded all that lovely frock fathers friend Mrs Stanhope sent me from the B Marche paris what a shame my dearest Doggerina she wrote on it she was very nice whats this her other name was just a p c to tell you I sent the little present have just had a jolly warm bath and feel a very clean dog now enjoyed it wogger she called him wogger wd give anything to be back in Gib and hear you sing Waiting and in old Madrid Concone is the name of those exercises he bought me one of those new some word I couldnt make out shawls amusing things but tear for the least thing still there lovely I think dont you will always think of the lovely teas we had together scrumptious currant scones and raspberry wafers I adore well now dearest Doggerina be sure and write soon kind she left out regards to your father also Captain Grove with love yrs affly Hester x x x x x she didnt look a bit married just like a girl he was years older than her wogger he was awfully fond of me when he held down the wire with his foot for me to step over at the bullfight at La Linea when that matador Gomez was given the bulls ear these clothes we have to wear whoever invented them expecting you to walk up Killiney hill then for example at that picnic all staysed up you cant do a blessed thing in them in a crowd run or jump out of the way thats why I was afraid when that other ferocious old Bull began to charge the banderilleros with the sashes and the 2 things in their hats and the brutes of men shouting bravo toro sure the women were as bad in their nice white mantillas ripping all the whole insides out of those poor horses I never heard of such a thing in all my life yes he used to break his heart at me taking off the dog barking in bell lane poor brute and it sick what became of them ever I suppose theyre dead long ago the 2 of them its like all through a mist makes you feel so old I made the scones of course I had everything all to myself then a girl Hester we used to compare our hair mine was thicker than hers she showed me how to settle it at the back when I put it up and whats this else how to make a knot on a thread with the one hand we were like cousins what age was I then the night of the storm I slept in her bed she had her arms round me then we were fighting in the morning with the pillow what fun he was watching me whenever he got an opportunity at the band on the Alameda esplanade when I was with father and Captain Grove I looked up at the church first and then at the windows then down and our eyes met I felt something go through me like all needles my eyes were dancing I remember after when I looked at myself in the glass hardly recognised myself the change he was attractive to a girl in spite of his being a little bald intelligent looking disappointed and gay at the same time he was like Thomas in the shadow of Ashlydyat I had a splendid skin from the sun and the excitement like a rose I didnt get a wink of sleep it wouldnt have been nice on account of her but I could have stopped it in time she gave me the Moonstone to read that was the first I read of Wilkie Collins East Lynne I read and the shadow of Ashlydyat Mrs Henry Wood Henry Dunbar by that other woman I lent him afterwards with Mulveys photo in it so as he see I wasnt without and Lord Lytton Eugene Aram Molly bawn she gave me by Mrs Hungerford on account of the name I dont like books with a Molly in them like that one he brought me about the one from Flanders a whore always shoplifting anything she could cloth and stuff and yards of it O this blanket is too heavy on me thats better I havent even one decent nightdress this thing gets all rolled under me besides him and his fooling thats better I used to be weltering then in the heat my shift drenched with the sweat stuck in the cheeks of my bottom on the chair when I stood up they were so fattish and firm when I got up on the sofa cushions to see with my clothes up and the bugs tons of them at night and the mosquito nets I couldnt read a line Lord how long ago it seems centuries of course they never came back and she didnt put her address right on it either she may have noticed her wogger people were always going away and we never I remember that day with the waves and the boats with their high heads rocking and the smell of ship those Officers uniforms on shore leave made me seasick he didnt say anything he was very serious I had the high buttoned boots on and my skirt was blowing she kissed me six or seven times didnt I cry yes I believe I did or near it my lips were taittering when I said goodbye she had a Gorgeous wrap of some special kind of blue colour on her for the voyage made very peculiarly to one side like and it was extremely pretty it got as dull as the devil after they went I was almost planning to run away mad out of it somewhere were never easy where we are father or aunt or marriage waiting always waiting to guiiiide him toooo me waiting nor speeeed his flying feet their damn guns bursting and booming all over the shop especially the Queens birthday and throwing everything down in all directions if you didnt open the windows when general Ulysses Grant whoever he was or did supposed to be some great fellow landed off the ship and old Sprague the consul that was there from before the flood dressed up poor man and he in mourning for the son then the same old bugles for reveille in the morning and drums rolling and the unfortunate poor devils of soldiers walking about with messtins smelling the place more than the old longbearded jews in their jellibees and levites assembly and sound clear and gunfire for the men to cross the lines and the warden marching with his keys to lock the gates and the bagpipes and only captain Groves and father talking about Rorkes drift and Plevna and sir Garnet Wolseley and Gordon at Khartoum lighting their pipes for them everytime they went out drunken old devil with his grog on the windowsill catch him leaving any of it picking his nose trying to think of some other dirty story to tell up in a corner but he never forgot himself when I was there sending me out of the room on some blind excuse paying his compliments the Bushmills whisky talking of course but hed do the same to the next woman that came along I suppose he died of galloping drink ages ago the days like years not a letter from a living soul except the odd few I posted to myself with bits of paper in them so bored sometimes I could fight with my nails listening to that old Arab with the one eye and his heass of an instrument singing his heah heah aheah all my compriment on your hotchapotch of your heass as bad as now with the hands hanging off me looking out of the window if there was a nice fellow even in the opposite house that medical in Holles street the nurse was after when I put on my gloves and hat at the window to show I was going out not a notion what I meant arent they thick never understand what you say even youd want to print it up on a big poster for them not even if you shake hands twice with the left he didnt recognise me either when I half frowned at him outside Westland row chapel where does their great intelligence come in Id like to know grey matter they have it all in their tail if you ask me those country gougers up in the City Arms intelligence they had a damn sight less than the bulls and cows they were selling the meat and the coalmans bell that noisy bugger trying to swindle me with the wrong bill he took out of his hat what a pair of paws and pots and pans and kettles to mend any broken bottles for a poor man today and no visitors or post ever except his cheques or some advertisement like that wonderworker they sent him addressed dear Madam only his letter and the card from Milly this morning see she wrote a letter to him who did I get the last letter from O Mrs Dwenn now what possessed her to write from Canada after so many years to know the recipe I had for pisto madrileno Floey Dillon since she wrote to say she was married to a very rich architect if Im to believe all I hear with a villa and eight rooms her father was an awfully nice man he was near seventy always goodhumoured well now Miss Tweedy or Miss Gillespie theres the piannyer that was a solid silver coffee service he had too on the mahogany sideboard then dying so far away I hate people that have always their poor story to tell everybody has their own troubles that poor Nancy Blake died a month ago of acute neumonia well I didnt know her so well as all that she was Floeys friend more than mine poor Nancy its a bother having to answer he always tells me the wrong things and no stops to say like making a speech your sad bereavement symph̸athy I always make that mistake and new̸phew with 2 double yous in I hope hell write me a longer letter the next time if its a thing he really likes me O thanks be to the great God I got somebody to give me what I badly wanted to put some heart up into me youve no chances at all in this place like you used long ago I wish somebody would write me a loveletter his wasnt much and I told him he could write what he liked yours ever Hugh Boylan in old Madrid stuff silly women believe love is sighing I am dying still if he wrote it I suppose thered be some truth in it true or no it fills up your whole day and life always something to think about every moment and see it all round you like a new world I could write the answer in bed to let him imagine me short just a few words not those long crossed letters Atty Dillon used to write to the fellow that was something in the four courts that jilted her after out of the ladies letterwriter when I told her to say a few simple words he could twist how he liked not acting with precipat precipitancy with equal candour the greatest earthly happiness answer to a gentlemans proposal affirmatively my goodness theres nothing else its all very fine for them but as for being a woman as soon as youre old they might as well throw you out in the bottom of the ashpit.</p>
<p>Mulveys was the first when I was in bed that morning and Mrs Rubio brought it in with the coffee she stood there standing when I asked her to hand me and I pointing at them I couldnt think of the word a hairpin to open it with ah horquilla disobliging old thing and it staring her in the face with her switch of false hair on her and vain about her appearance ugly as she was near 80 or a 100 her face a mass of wrinkles with all her religion domineering because she never could get over the Atlantic fleet coming in half the ships of the world and the Union Jack flying with all her carabineros because 4 drunken English sailors took all the rock from them and because I didnt run into mass often enough in Santa Maria to please her with her shawl up on her except when there was a marriage on with all her miracles of the saints and her black blessed virgin with the silver dress and the sun dancing 3 times on Easter Sunday morning and when the priest was going by with the bell bringing the vatican to the dying blessing herself for his Majestad an admirer he signed it I near jumped out of my skin I wanted to pick him up when I saw him following me along the Calle Real in the shop window then he tipped me just in passing but I never thought hed write making an appointment I had it inside my petticoat bodice all day reading it up in every hole and corner while father was up at the drill instructing to find out by the handwriting or the language of stamps singing I remember shall I wear a white rose and I wanted to put on the old stupid clock to near the time he was the first man kissed me under the Moorish wall my sweetheart when a boy it never entered my head what kissing meant till he put his tongue in my mouth his mouth was sweetlike young I put my knee up to him a few times to learn the way what did I tell him I was engaged for for fun to the son of a Spanish nobleman named Don Miguel de la Flora and he believed me that I was to be married to him in 3 years time theres many a true word spoken in jest there is a flower that bloometh a few things I told him true about myself just for him to be imagining the Spanish girls he didnt like I suppose one of them wouldnt have him I got him excited he crushed all the flowers on my bosom he brought me he couldnt count the pesetas and the perragordas till I taught him Cappoquin he came from he said on the black water but it was too short then the day before he left May yes it was May when the infant king of Spain was born Im always like that in the spring Id like a new fellow every year up on the tiptop under the rockgun near OHaras tower I told him it was struck by lightning and all about the old Barbary apes they sent to Clapham without a tail careering all over the show on each others back Mrs Rubio said she was a regular old rock scorpion robbing the chickens out of Inces farm and throw stones at you if you went anear he was looking at me I had that white blouse on open in the front to encourage him as much as I could without too openly they were just beginning to be plump I said I was tired we lay over the firtree cove a wild place I suppose it must be the highest rock in existence the galleries and casemates and those frightful rocks and Saint Michaels cave with the icicles or whatever they call them hanging down and ladders all the mud plotching my boots Im sure thats the way down the monkeys go under the sea to Africa when they die the ships out far like chips that was the Malta boat passing yes the sea and the sky you could do what you liked lie there for ever he caressed them outside they love doing that its the roundness there I was leaning over him with my white ricestraw hat to take the newness out of it the left side of my face the best my blouse open for his last day transparent kind of shirt he had I could see his chest pink he wanted to touch mine with his for a moment but I wouldnt let him he was awfully put out first for fear you never know consumption or leave me with a child embarazada that old servant Ines told me that one drop even if it got into you at all after I tried with the Banana but I was afraid it might break and get lost up in me somewhere because they once took something down out of a woman that was up there for years covered with limesalts theyre all mad to get in there where they come out of youd think they could never go far enough up and then theyre done with you in a way till the next time yes because theres a wonderful feeling there so tender all the time how did we finish it off yes O yes I pulled him off into my handkerchief pretending not to be excited but I opened my legs I wouldnt let him touch me inside my petticoat because I had a skirt opening up the side I tormented the life out of him first tickling him I loved rousing that dog in the hotel rrrsssstt awokwokawok his eyes shut and a bird flying below us he was shy all the same I liked him like that moaning I made him blush a little when I got over him that way when I unbuttoned him and took his out and drew back the skin it had a kind of eye in it theyre all Buttons men down the middle on the wrong side of them Molly darling he called me what was his name Jack Joe Harry Mulvey was it yes I think a lieutenant he was rather fair he had a laughing kind of a voice so I went round to the whatyoucallit everything was whatyoucallit moustache had he he said hed come back Lord its just like yesterday to me and if I was married hed do it to me and I promised him yes faithfully Id let him block me now flying perhaps hes dead or killed or a captain or admiral its nearly 20 years if I said firtree cove he would if he came up behind me and put his hands over my eyes to guess who I might recognise him hes young still about 40 perhaps hes married some girl on the black water and is quite changed they all do they havent half the character a woman has she little knows what I did with her beloved husband before he ever dreamt of her in broad daylight too in the sight of the whole world you might say they could have put an article about it in the Chronicle I was a bit wild after when I blew out the old bag the biscuits were in from Benady Bros and exploded it Lord what a bang all the woodcocks and pigeons screaming coming back the same way that we went over middle hill round by the old guardhouse and the jews burialplace pretending to read out the Hebrew on them I wanted to fire his pistol he said he hadnt one he didnt know what to make of me with his peak cap on that he always wore crooked as often as I settled it straight H M S Calypso swinging my hat that old Bishop that spoke off the altar his long preach about womans higher functions about girls now riding the bicycle and wearing peak caps and the new woman bloomers God send him sense and me more money I suppose theyre called after him I never thought that would be my name Bloom when I used to write it in print to see how it looked on a visiting card or practising for the butcher and oblige M Bloom youre looking blooming Josie used to say after I married him well its better than Breen or Briggs does brig or those awful names with bottom in them Mrs Ramsbottom or some other kind of a bottom Mulvey I wouldnt go mad about either or suppose I divorced him Mrs Boylan my mother whoever she was might have given me a nicer name the Lord knows after the lovely one she had Lunita Laredo the fun we had running along Williss road to Europa point twisting in and out all round the other side of Jersey they were shaking and dancing about in my blouse like Millys little ones now when she runs up the stairs I loved looking down at them I was jumping up at the pepper trees and the white poplars pulling the leaves off and throwing them at him he went to India he was to write the voyages those men have to make to the ends of the world and back its the least they might get a squeeze or two at a woman while they can going out to be drowned or blown up somewhere I went up Windmill hill to the flats that Sunday morning with captain Rubios that was dead spyglass like the sentry had he said hed have one or two from on board I wore that frock from the B Marche paris and the coral necklace the straits shining I could see over to Morocco almost the bay of Tangier white and the Atlas mountain with snow on it and the straits like a river so clear Harry Molly darling I was thinking of him on the sea all the time after at mass when my petticoat began to slip down at the elevation weeks and weeks I kept the handkerchief under my pillow for the smell of him there was no decent perfume to be got in that Gibraltar only that cheap peau dEspagne that faded and left a stink on you more than anything else I wanted to give him a memento he gave me that clumsy Claddagh ring for luck that I gave Gardner going to south Africa where those Boers killed him with their war and fever but they were well beaten all the same as if it brought its bad luck with it like an opal or pearl still it must have been pure 18 carrot gold because it was very heavy but what could you get in a place like that the sandfrog shower from Africa and that derelict ship that came up to the harbour Marie the Marie whatyoucallit no he hadnt a moustache that was Gardner yes I can see his face cleanshaven Frseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeefrong that train again weeping tone once in the dear deaead days beyondre call close my eyes breath my lips forward kiss sad look eyes open piano ere oer the world the mists began I hate that istsbeg comes loves sweet sooooooooooong Ill let that out full when I get in front of the footlights again Kathleen Kearney and her lot of squealers Miss This Miss That Miss Theother lot of sparrowfarts skitting around talking about politics they know as much about as my backside anything in the world to make themselves someway interesting Irish homemade beauties soldiers daughter am I ay and whose are you bootmakers and publicans I beg your pardon coach I thought you were a wheelbarrow theyd die down dead off their feet if ever they got a chance of walking down the Alameda on an officers arm like me on the bandnight my eyes flash my bust that they havent passion God help their poor head I knew more about men and life when I was 15 than theyll all know at 50 they dont know how to sing a song like that Gardner said no man could look at my mouth and teeth smiling like that and not think of it I was afraid he mightnt like my accent first he so English all father left me in spite of his stamps Ive my mothers eyes and figure anyhow he always said theyre so snotty about themselves some of those cads he wasnt a bit like that he was dead gone on my lips let them get a husband first thats fit to be looked at and a daughter like mine or see if they can excite a swell with money that can pick and choose whoever he wants like Boylan to do it 4 or 5 times locked in each others arms or the voice either I could have been a prima donna only I married him comes looooves old deep down chin back not too much make it double My Ladys Bower is too long for an encore about the moated grange at twilight and vaunted rooms yes Ill sing Winds that blow from the south that he gave after the choirstairs performance Ill change that lace on my black dress to show off my bubs and Ill yes by God Ill get that big fan mended make them burst with envy my hole is itching me always when I think of him I feel I want to I feel some wind in me better go easy not wake him have him at it again slobbering after washing every bit of myself back belly and sides if we had even a bath itself or my own room anyway I wish hed sleep in some bed by himself with his cold feet on me give us room even to let a fart God or do the least thing better yes hold them like that a bit on my side piano quietly sweeeee theres that train far away pianissimo eeeee one more song</p>
<p>that was a relief wherever you be let your wind go free who knows if that pork chop I took with my cup of tea after was quite good with the heat I couldnt smell anything off it Im sure that queerlooking man in the porkbutchers is a great rogue I hope that lamp is not smoking fill my nose up with smuts better than having him leaving the gas on all night I couldnt rest easy in my bed in Gibraltar even getting up to see why am I so damned nervous about that though I like it in the winter its more company O Lord it was rotten cold too that winter when I was only about ten was I yes I had the big doll with all the funny clothes dressing her up and undressing that icy wind skeeting across from those mountains the something Nevada sierra nevada standing at the fire with the little bit of a short shift I had up to heat myself I loved dancing about in it then make a race back into bed Im sure that fellow opposite used to be there the whole time watching with the lights out in the summer and I in my skin hopping around I used to love myself then stripped at the washstand dabbing and creaming only when it came to the chamber performance I put out the light too so then there were 2 of us goodbye to my sleep for this night anyhow I hope hes not going to get in with those medicals leading him astray to imagine hes young again coming in at 4 in the morning it must be if not more still he had the manners not to wake me what do they find to gabber about all night squandering money and getting drunker and drunker couldnt they drink water then he starts giving us his orders for eggs and tea and Findon haddy and hot buttered toast I suppose well have him sitting up like the king of the country pumping the wrong end of the spoon up and down in his egg wherever he learned that from and I love to hear him falling up the stairs of a morning with the cups rattling on the tray and then play with the cat she rubs up against you for her own sake I wonder has she fleas shes as bad as a woman always licking and lecking but I hate their claws I wonder do they see anything that we cant staring like that when she sits at the top of the stairs so long and listening as I wait always what a robber too that lovely fresh plaice I bought I think Ill get a bit of fish tomorrow or today is it Friday yes I will with some blancmange with black currant jam like long ago not those 2 lb pots of mixed plum and apple from the London and Newcastle Williams and Woods goes twice as far only for the bones I hate those eels cod yes Ill get a nice piece of cod Im always getting enough for 3 forgetting anyway Im sick of that everlasting butchers meat from Buckleys loin chops and leg beef and rib steak and scrag of mutton and calfs pluck the very name is enough or a picnic suppose we all gave 5/- each and or let him pay it and invite some other woman for him who Mrs Fleming and drove out to the furry glen or the strawberry beds wed have him examining all the horses toenails first like he does with the letters no not with Boylan there yes with some cold veal and ham mixed sandwiches there are little houses down at the bottom of the banks there on purpose but its as hot as blazes he says not a bank holiday anyhow I hate those ruck of Mary Ann coalboxes out for the day Whit Monday is a cursed day too no wonder that bee bit him better the seaside but Id never again in this life get into a boat with him after him at Bray telling the boatman he knew how to row if anyone asked could he ride the steeplechase for the gold cup hed say yes then it came on to get rough the old thing crookeding about and the weight all down my side telling me pull the right reins now pull the left and the tide all swamping in floods in through the bottom and his oar slipping out of the stirrup its a mercy we werent all drowned he can swim of course me no theres no danger whatsoever keep yourself calm in his flannel trousers Id like to have tattered them down off him before all the people and give him what that one calls flagellate till he was black and blue do him all the good in the world only for that longnosed chap I dont know who he is with that other beauty Burke out of the City Arms hotel was there spying around as usual on the slip always where he wasnt wanted if there was a row on youd vomit a better face there was no love lost between us thats 1 consolation I wonder what kind is that book he brought me Sweets of Sin by a gentleman of fashion some other Mr de Kock I suppose the people gave him that nickname going about with his tube from one woman to another I couldnt even change my new white shoes all ruined with the saltwater and the hat I had with that feather all blowy and tossed on me how annoying and provoking because the smell of the sea excited me of course the sardines and the bream in Catalan bay round the back of the rock they were fine all silver in the fishermens baskets old Luigi near a hundred they said came from Genoa and the tall old chap with the earrings I dont like a man you have to climb up to to get at I suppose theyre all dead and rotten long ago besides I dont like being alone in this big barracks of a place at night I suppose Ill have to put up with it I never brought a bit of salt in even when we moved in the confusion musical academy he was going to make on the first floor drawingroom with a brassplate or Blooms private hotel he suggested go and ruin himself altogether the way his father did down in Ennis like all the things he told father he was going to do and me but I saw through him telling me all the lovely places we could go for the honeymoon Venice by moonlight with the gondolas and the lake of Como he had a picture cut out of some paper of and mandolines and lanterns O how nice I said whatever I liked he was going to do immediately if not sooner will you be my man will you carry my can he ought to get a leather medal with a putty rim for all the plans he invents then leaving us here all day youd never know what old beggar at the door for a crust with his long story might be a tramp and put his foot in the way to prevent me shutting it like that picture of that hardened criminal he was called in Lloyds Weekly news 20 years in jail then he comes out and murders an old woman for her money imagine his poor wife or mother or whoever she is such a face youd run miles away from I couldnt rest easy till I bolted all the doors and windows to make sure but its worse again being locked up like in a prison or a madhouse they ought to be all shot or the cat of nine tails a big brute like that that would attack a poor old woman to murder her in her bed Id cut them off him so I would not that hed be much use still better than nothing the night I was sure I heard burglars in the kitchen and he went down in his shirt with a candle and a poker as if he was looking for a mouse as white as a sheet frightened out of his wits making as much noise as he possibly could for the burglars benefit there isnt much to steal indeed the Lord knows still its the feeling especially now with Milly away such an idea for him to send the girl down there to learn to take photographs on account of his grandfather instead of sending her to Skerrys academy where shed have to learn not like me getting all at school only hed do a thing like that all the same on account of me and Boylan thats why he did it Im certain the way he plots and plans everything out I couldnt turn round with her in the place lately unless I bolted the door first gave me the fidgets coming in without knocking first when I put the chair against the door just as I was washing myself there below with the glove get on your nerves then doing the loglady all day put her in a glasscase with two at a time to look at her if he knew she broke off the hand off that little gimcrack statue with her roughness and carelessness before she left that I got that little Italian boy to mend so that you cant see the join for 2 shillings wouldnt even teem the potatoes for you of course shes right not to ruin her hands I noticed he was always talking to her lately at the table explaining things in the paper and she pretending to understand sly of course that comes from his side of the house he cant say I pretend things can he Im too honest as a matter of fact and helping her into her coat but if there was anything wrong with her its me shed tell not him I suppose he thinks Im finished out and laid on the shelf well Im not no nor anything like it well see well see now shes well on for flirting too with Tom Devans two sons imitating me whistling with those romps of Murray girls calling for her can Milly come out please shes in great demand to pick what they can out of her round in Nelson street riding Harry Devans bicycle at night its as well he sent her where she is she was just getting out of bounds wanting to go on the skatingrink and smoking their cigarettes through their nose I smelt it off her dress when I was biting off the thread of the button I sewed on to the bottom of her jacket she couldnt hide much from me I tell you only I oughtnt to have stitched it and it on her it brings a parting and the last plumpudding too split in 2 halves see it comes out no matter what they say her tongue is a bit too long for my taste your blouse is open too low she says to me the pan calling the kettle blackbottom and I had to tell her not to cock her legs up like that on show on the windowsill before all the people passing they all look at her like me when I was her age of course any old rag looks well on you then a great touchmenot too in her own way at the Only Way in the Theatre royal take your foot away out of that I hate people touching me afraid of her life Id crush her skirt with the pleats a lot of that touching must go on in theatres in the crush in the dark theyre always trying to wiggle up to you that fellow in the pit at the Gaiety for Beerbohm Tree in Trilby the last time Ill ever go there to be squashed like that for any Trilby or her barebum every two minutes tipping me there and looking away hes a bit daft I think I saw him after trying to get near two stylishdressed ladies outside Switzers window at the same little game I recognised him on the moment the face and everything but he didnt remember me yes and she didnt even want me to kiss her at the Broadstone going away well I hope shell get someone to dance attendance on her the way I did when she was down with the mumps and her glands swollen wheres this and wheres that of course she cant feel anything deep yet I never came properly till I was what 22 or so it went into the wrong place always only the usual girls nonsense and giggling that Conny Connolly writing to her in white ink on black paper sealed with sealingwax though she clapped when the curtain came down because he looked so handsome then we had Martin Harvey for breakfast dinner and supper I thought to myself afterwards it must be real love if a man gives up his life for her that way for nothing I suppose there are a few men like that left its hard to believe in it though unless it really happened to me the majority of them with not a particle of love in their natures to find two people like that nowadays full up of each other that would feel the same way as you do theyre usually a bit foolish in the head his father must have been a bit queer to go and poison himself after her still poor old man I suppose he felt lost shes always making love to my things too the few old rags I have wanting to put her hair up at 15 my powder too only ruin her skin on her shes time enough for that all her life after of course shes restless knowing shes pretty with her lips so red a pity they wont stay that way I was too but theres no use going to the fair with the thing answering me like a fishwoman when I asked to go for a half a stone of potatoes the day we met Mrs Joe Gallaher at the trottingmatches and she pretended not to see us in her trap with Friery the solicitor we werent grand enough till I gave her 2 damn fine cracks across the ear for herself take that now for answering me like that and that for your impudence she had me that exasperated of course contradicting I was badtempered too because how was it there was a weed in the tea or I didnt sleep the night before cheese I ate was it and I told her over and over again not to leave knives crossed like that because she has nobody to command her as she said herself well if he doesnt correct her faith I will that was the last time she turned on the teartap I was just like that myself they darent order me about the place its his fault of course having the two of us slaving here instead of getting in a woman long ago am I ever going to have a proper servant again of course then shed see him coming Id have to let her know or shed revenge it arent they a nuisance that old Mrs Fleming you have to be walking round after her putting the things into her hands sneezing and farting into the pots well of course shes old she cant help it a good job I found that rotten old smelly dishcloth that got lost behind the dresser I knew there was something and opened the area window to let out the smell bringing in his friends to entertain them like the night he walked home with a dog if you please that might have been mad especially Simon Dedalus son his father such a criticiser with his glasses up with his tall hat on him at the cricket match and a great big hole in his sock one thing laughing at the other and his son that got all those prizes for whatever he won them in the intermediate imagine climbing over the railings if anybody saw him that knew us I wonder he didnt tear a big hole in his grand funeral trousers as if the one nature gave wasnt enough for anybody hawking him down into the dirty old kitchen now is he right in his head I ask pity it wasnt washing day my old pair of drawers might have been hanging up too on the line on exhibition for all hed ever care with the ironmould mark the stupid old bundle burned on them he might think was something else and she never even rendered down the fat I told her and now shes going such as she was on account of her paralysed husband getting worse theres always something wrong with them disease or they have to go under an operation or if its not that its drink and he beats her Ill have to hunt around again for someone every day I get up theres some new thing on sweet God sweet God well when Im stretched out dead in my grave I suppose Ill have some peace I want to get up a minute if Im let wait O Jesus wait yes that thing has come on me yes now wouldnt that afflict you of course all the poking and rooting and ploughing he had up in me now what am I to do Friday Saturday Sunday wouldnt that pester the soul out of a body unless he likes it some men do God knows theres always something wrong with us 5 days every 3 or 4 weeks usual monthly auction isnt it simply sickening that night it came on me like that the one and only time we were in a box that Michael Gunn gave him to see Mrs Kendal and her husband at the Gaiety something he did about insurance for him in Drimmies I was fit to be tied though I wouldnt give in with that gentleman of fashion staring down at me with his glasses and him the other side of me talking about Spinoza and his soul thats dead I suppose millions of years ago I smiled the best I could all in a swamp leaning forward as if I was interested having to sit it out then to the last tag I wont forget that wife of Scarli in a hurry supposed to be a fast play about adultery that idiot in the gallery hissing the woman adulteress he shouted I suppose he went and had a woman in the next lane running round all the back ways after to make up for it I wish he had what I had then hed boo I bet the cat itself is better off than us have we too much blood up in us or what O patience above its pouring out of me like the sea anyhow he didnt make me pregnant as big as he is I dont want to ruin the clean sheets I just put on I suppose the clean linen I wore brought it on too damn it damn it and they always want to see a stain on the bed to know youre a virgin for them all thats troubling them theyre such fools too you could be a widow or divorced 40 times over a daub of red ink would do or blackberry juice no thats too purply O Jamesy let me up out of this pooh sweets of sin whoever suggested that business for women what between clothes and cooking and children this damned old bed too jingling like the dickens I suppose they could hear us away over the other side of the park till I suggested to put the quilt on the floor with the pillow under my bottom I wonder is it nicer in the day I think it is easy I think Ill cut all this hair off me there scalding me I might look like a young girl wouldnt he get the great suckin the next time he turned up my clothes on me Id give anything to see his face wheres the chamber gone easy Ive a holy horror of its breaking under me after that old commode I wonder was I too heavy sitting on his knee I made him sit on the easychair purposely when I took off only my blouse and skirt first in the other room he was so busy where he oughtnt to be he never felt me I hope my breath was sweet after those kissing comfits easy God I remember one time I could scout it out straight whistling like a man almost easy O Lord how noisy I hope theyre bubbles on it for a wad of money from some fellow Ill have to perfume it in the morning dont forget I bet he never saw a better pair of thighs than that look how white they are the smoothest place is right there between this bit here how soft like a peach easy God I wouldnt mind being a man and get up on a lovely woman O Lord what a row youre making like the jersey lily easy easy O how the waters come down at Lahore</p>
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<p>who knows is there anything the matter with my insides or have I something growing in me getting that thing like that every week when was it last I Whit Monday yes its only about 3 weeks I ought to go to the doctor only it would be like before I married him when I had that white thing coming from me and Floey made me go to that dry old stick Dr Collins for womens diseases on Pembroke road your vagina he called it I suppose thats how he got all the gilt mirrors and carpets getting round those rich ones off Stephens green running up to him for every little fiddlefaddle her vagina and her cochinchina theyve money of course so theyre all right I wouldnt marry him not if he was the last man in the world besides theres something queer about their children always smelling around those filthy bitches all sides asking me if what I did had an offensive odour what did he want me to do but the one thing gold maybe what a question if I smathered it all over his wrinkly old face for him with all my compriments I suppose hed know then and could you pass it easily pass what I thought he was talking about the rock of Gibraltar the way he put it thats a very nice invention too by the way only I like letting myself down after in the hole as far as I can squeeze and pull the chain then to flush it nice cool pins and needles still theres something in it I suppose I always used to know by Millys when she was a child whether she had worms or not still all the same paying him for that how much is that doctor one guinea please and asking me had I frequent omissions where do those old fellows get all the words they have omissions with his shortsighted eyes on me cocked sideways I wouldnt trust him too far to give me chloroform or God knows what else still I liked him when he sat down to write the thing out frowning so severe his nose intelligent like that you be damned you lying strap O anything no matter who except an idiot he was clever enough to spot that of course that was all thinking of him and his mad crazy letters my Precious one everything connected with your glorious Body everything underlined that comes from it is a thing of beauty and of joy for ever something he got out of some nonsensical book that he had me always at myself 4 and 5 times a day sometimes and I said I hadnt are you sure O yes I said I am quite sure in a way that shut him up I knew what was coming next only natural weakness it was he excited me I dont know how the first night ever we met when I was living in Rehoboth terrace we stood staring at one another for about 10 minutes as if we met somewhere I suppose on account of my being jewess looking after my mother he used to amuse me the things he said with the half sloothering smile on him and all the Doyles said he was going to stand for a member of Parliament O wasnt I the born fool to believe all his blather about home rule and the land league sending me that long strool of a song out of the Huguenots to sing in French to be more classy O beau pays de la Touraine that I never even sang once explaining and rigmaroling about religion and persecution he wont let you enjoy anything naturally then might he as a great favour the very 1st opportunity he got a chance in Brighton square running into my bedroom pretending the ink got on his hands to wash it off with the Albion milk and sulphur soap I used to use and the gelatine still round it O I laughed myself sick at him that day I better not make an alnight sitting on this affair they ought to make chambers a natural size so that a woman could sit on it properly he kneels down to do it I suppose there isnt in all creation another man with the habits he has look at the way hes sleeping at the foot of the bed how can he without a hard bolster its well he doesnt kick or he might knock out all my teeth breathing with his hand on his nose like that Indian god he took me to show one wet Sunday in the museum in Kildare street all yellow in a pinafore lying on his side on his hand with his ten toes sticking out that he said was a bigger religion than the jews and Our Lords both put together all over Asia imitating him as hes always imitating everybody I suppose he used to sleep at the foot of the bed too with his big square feet up in his wifes mouth damn this stinking thing anyway wheres this those napkins are ah yes I know I hope the old press doesnt creak ah I knew it would hes sleeping hard had a good time somewhere still she must have given him great value for his money of course he has to pay for it from her O this nuisance of a thing I hope theyll have something better for us in the other world tying ourselves up God help us thats all right for tonight now the lumpy old jingly bed always reminds me of old Cohen I suppose he scratched himself in it often enough and he thinks father bought it from Lord Napier that I used to admire when I was a little girl because I told him easy piano O I like my bed God here we are as bad as ever after 16 years how many houses were we in at all Raymond terrace and Ontario terrace and Lombard street and Holles street and he goes about whistling every time were on the run again his huguenots or the frogs march pretending to help the men with our 4 sticks of furniture and then the City Arms hotel worse and worse says Warden Daly that charming place on the landing always somebody inside praying then leaving all their stinks after them always know who was in there last every time were just getting on right something happens or he puts his big foot in it Thoms and Helys and Mr Cuffes and Drimmies either hes going to be run into prison over his old lottery tickets that was to be all our salvations or he goes and gives impudence well have him coming home with the sack soon out of the Freeman too like the rest on account of those Sinner Fein or the freemasons then well see if the little man he showed me dribbling along in the wet all by himself round by Coadys lane will give him much consolation that he says is so capable and sincerely Irish he is indeed judging by the sincerity of the trousers I saw on him wait theres Georges church bells wait 3 quarters the hour wait two oclock well thats a nice hour of the night for him to be coming home at to anybody climbing down into the area if anybody saw him Ill knock him off that little habit tomorrow first Ill look at his shirt to see or Ill see if he has that French letter still in his pocketbook I suppose he thinks I dont know deceitful men all their 20 pockets arent enough for their lies then why should we tell them even if its the truth they dont believe you then tucked up in bed like those babies in the Aristocrats Masterpiece he brought me another time as if we hadnt enough of that in real life without some old Aristocrat or whatever his name is disgusting you more with those rotten pictures children with two heads and no legs thats the kind of villainy theyre always dreaming about with not another thing in their empty heads they ought to get slow poison the half of them then tea and toast for him buttered on both sides and newlaid eggs I suppose Im nothing any more when I wouldnt let him lick me in Holles street one night man man tyrant as ever for the one thing he slept on the floor half the night naked the way the jews used when somebody dies belonged to them and wouldnt eat any breakfast or speak a word wanting to be petted so I thought I stood out enough for one time and let him he does it all wrong too thinking only of his own pleasure his tongue is too flat or I dont know what he forgets that wethen I dont Ill make him do it again if he doesnt mind himself and lock him down to sleep in the coalcellar with the blackbeetles I wonder was it her Josie off her head with my castoffs hes such a born liar too no hed never have the courage with a married woman thats why he wants me and Boylan though as for her Denis as she calls him that forlornlooking spectacle you couldnt call him a husband yes its some little bitch hes got in with even when I was with him with Milly at the College races that Hornblower with the childs bonnet on the top of his nob let us into by the back way he was throwing his sheeps eyes at those two doing skirt duty up and down I tried to wink at him first no use of course and thats the way his money goes this is the fruits of Mr Paddy Dignam yes they were all in great style at the grand funeral in the paper Boylan brought in if they saw a real officers funeral thatd be something reversed arms muffled drums the poor horse walking behind in black L Boom and Tom Kernan that drunken little barrelly man that bit his tongue off falling down the mens W C drunk in some place or other and Martin Cunningham and the two Dedaluses and Fanny MCoys husband white head of cabbage skinny thing with a turn in her eye trying to sing my songs shed want to be born all over again and her old green dress with the lowneck as she cant attract them any other way like dabbling on a rainy day I see it all now plainly and they call that friendship killing and then burying one another and they all with their wives and families at home more especially Jack Power keeping that barmaid he does of course his wife is always sick or going to be sick or just getting better of it and hes a goodlooking man still though hes getting a bit grey over the ears theyre a nice lot all of them well theyre not going to get my husband again into their clutches if I can help it making fun of him then behind his back I know well when he goes on with his idiotics because he has sense enough not to squander every penny piece he earns down their gullets and looks after his wife and family goodfornothings poor Paddy Dignam all the same Im sorry in a way for him what are his wife and 5 children going to do unless he was insured comical little teetotum always stuck up in some pub corner and her or her son waiting Bill Bailey wont you please come home her widows weeds wont improve her appearance theyre awfully becoming though if youre goodlooking what men wasnt he yes he was at the Glencree dinner and Ben Dollard base barreltone the night he borrowed the swallowtail to sing out of in Holles street squeezed and squashed into them and grinning all over his big Dolly face like a wellwhipped childs botty didnt he look a balmy ballocks sure enough that must have been a spectacle on the stage imagine paying 5/- in the preserved seats for that to see him trotting off in his trowlers and Simon Dedalus too he was always turning up half screwed singing the second verse first the old love is the new was one of his so sweetly sang the maiden on the hawthorn bough he was always on for flirtyfying too when I sang Maritana with him at Freddy Mayers private opera he had a delicious glorious voice Phoebe dearest goodbye sweetheart <em>sweet</em>heart he always sang it not like Bartell DArcy sweet <em>tart</em> goodbye of course he had the gift of the voice so there was no art in it all over you like a warm showerbath O Maritana wildwood flower we sang splendidly though it was a bit too high for my register even transposed and he was married at the time to May Goulding but then hed say or do something to knock the good out of it hes a widower now I wonder what sort is his son he says hes an author and going to be a university professor of Italian and Im to take lessons what is he driving at now showing him my photo its not good of me I ought to have got it taken in drapery that never looks out of fashion still I look young in it I wonder he didnt make him a present of it altogether and me too after all why not I saw him driving down to the Kingsbridge station with his father and mother I was in mourning thats 11 years ago now yes hed be 11 though what was the good in going into mourning for what was neither one thing nor the other the first cry was enough for me I heard the deathwatch too ticking in the wall of course he insisted hed go into mourning for the cat I suppose hes a man now by this time he was an innocent boy then and a darling little fellow in his lord Fauntleroy suit and curly hair like a prince on the stage when I saw him at Mat Dillons he liked me too I remember they all do wait by God yes wait yes hold on he was on the cards this morning when I laid out the deck union with a young stranger neither dark nor fair you met before I thought it meant him but hes no chicken nor a stranger either besides my face was turned the other way what was the 7th card after that the 10 of spades for a journey by land then there was a letter on its way and scandals too the 3 queens and the 8 of diamonds for a rise in society yes wait it all came out and 2 red 8s for new garments look at that and didnt I dream something too yes there was something about poetry in it I hope he hasnt long greasy hair hanging into his eyes or standing up like a red Indian what do they go about like that for only getting themselves and their poetry laughed at I always liked poetry when I was a girl first I thought he was a poet like lord Byron and not an ounce of it in his composition I thought he was quite different I wonder is he too young hes about wait 88 I was married 88 Milly is 15 yesterday 89 what age was he then at Dillons 5 or 6 about 88 I suppose hes 20 or more Im not too old for him if hes 23 or 24 I hope hes not that stuckup university student sort no otherwise he wouldnt go sitting down in the old kitchen with him taking Eppss cocoa and talking of course he pretended to understand it all probably he told him he was out of Trinity college hes very young to be a professor I hope hes not a professor like Goodwin was he was a potent professor of John Jameson they all write about some woman in their poetry well I suppose he wont find many like me where softly sighs of love the light guitar where poetry is in the air the blue sea and the moon shining so beautifully coming back on the nightboat from Tarifa the lighthouse at Europa point the guitar that fellow played was so expressive will I ever go back there again all new faces two glancing eyes a lattice hid Ill sing that for him theyre my eyes if hes anything of a poet two eyes as darkly bright as loves own star arent those beautiful words as loves young star itll be a change the Lord knows to have an intelligent person to talk to about yourself not always listening to him and Billy Prescotts ad and Keyess ad and Tom the Devils ad then if anything goes wrong in their business we have to suffer Im sure hes very distinguished Id like to meet a man like that God not those other ruck besides hes young those fine young men I could see down in Margate strand bathingplace from the side of the rock standing up in the sun naked like a God or something and then plunging into the sea with them why arent all men like that thered be some consolation for a woman like that lovely little statue he bought I could look at him all day long curly head and his shoulders his finger up for you to listen theres real beauty and poetry for you I often felt I wanted to kiss him all over also his lovely young cock there so simple I wouldnt mind taking him in my mouth if nobody was looking as if it was asking you to suck it so clean and white he looks with his boyish face I would too in 1/2 a minute even if some of it went down what its only like gruel or the dew theres no danger besides hed be so clean compared with those pigs of men I suppose never dream of washing it from 1 years end to the other the most of them only thats what gives the women the moustaches Im sure itll be grand if I can only get in with a handsome young poet at my age Ill throw them the 1st thing in the morning till I see if the wishcard comes out or Ill try pairing the lady herself and see if he comes out Ill read and study all I can find or learn a bit off by heart if I knew who he likes so he wont think me stupid if he thinks all women are the same and I can teach him the other part Ill make him feel all over him till he half faints under me then hell write about me lover and mistress publicly too with our 2 photographs in all the papers when he becomes famous O but then what am I going to do about him though</p>
<p>no thats no way for him has he no manners nor no refinement nor no nothing in his nature slapping us behind like that on my bottom because I didnt call him Hugh the ignoramus that doesnt know poetry from a cabbage thats what you get for not keeping them in their proper place pulling off his shoes and trousers there on the chair before me so barefaced without even asking permission and standing out that vulgar way in the half of a shirt they wear to be admired like a priest or a butcher or those old hypocrites in the time of Julius Caesar of course hes right enough in his way to pass the time as a joke sure you might as well be in bed with what with a lion God Im sure hed have something better to say for himself an old Lion would O well I suppose its because they were so plump and tempting in my short petticoat he couldnt resist they excite myself sometimes its well for men all the amount of pleasure they get off a womans body were so round and white for them always I wished I was one myself for a change just to try with that thing they have swelling up on you so hard and at the same time so soft when you touch it my uncle John has a thing long I heard those cornerboys saying passing the comer of Marrowbone lane my aunt Mary has a thing hairy because it was dark and they knew a girl was passing it didnt make me blush why should it either its only nature and he puts his thing long into my aunt Marys hairy etcetera and turns out to be you put the handle in a sweepingbrush men again all over they can pick and choose what they please a married woman or a fast widow or a girl for their different tastes like those houses round behind Irish street no but were to be always chained up theyre not going to be chaining me up no damn fear once I start I tell you for their stupid husbands jealousy why cant we all remain friends over it instead of quarrelling her husband found it out what they did together well naturally and if he did can he undo it hes coronado anyway whatever he does and then he going to the other mad extreme about the wife in Fair Tyrants of course the man never even casts a 2nd thought on the husband or wife either its the woman he wants and he gets her what else were we given all those desires for Id like to know I cant help it if Im young still can I its a wonder Im not an old shrivelled hag before my time living with him so cold never embracing me except sometimes when hes asleep the wrong end of me not knowing I suppose who he has any man thatd kiss a womans bottom Id throw my hat at him after that hed kiss anything unnatural where we havent 1 atom of any kind of expression in us all of us the same 2 lumps of lard before ever Id do that to a man pfooh the dirty brutes the mere thought is enough I kiss the feet of you senorita theres some sense in that didnt he kiss our halldoor yes he did what a madman nobody understands his cracked ideas but me still of course a woman wants to be embraced 20 times a day almost to make her look young no matter by who so long as to be in love or loved by somebody if the fellow you want isnt there sometimes by the Lord God I was thinking would I go around by the quays there some dark evening where nobodyd know me and pick up a sailor off the sea thatd be hot on for it and not care a pin whose I was only do it off up in a gate somewhere or one of those wildlooking gipsies in Rathfarnham had their camp pitched near the Bloomfield laundry to try and steal our things if they could I only sent mine there a few times for the name model laundry sending me back over and over some old ones odd stockings that blackguardlooking fellow with the fine eyes peeling a switch attack me in the dark and ride me up against the wall without a word or a murderer anybody what they do themselves the fine gentlemen in their silk hats that K C lives up somewhere this way coming out of Hardwicke lane the night he gave us the fish supper on account of winning over the boxing match of course it was for me he gave it I knew him by his gaiters and the walk and when I turned round a minute after just to see there was a woman after coming out of it too some filthy prostitute then he goes home to his wife after that only I suppose the half of those sailors are rotten again with disease O move over your big carcass out of that for the love of Mike listen to him the winds that waft my sighs to thee so well he may sleep and sigh the great Suggester Don Poldo de la Flora if he knew how he came out on the cards this morning hed have something to sigh for a dark man in some perplexity between 2 7s too in prison for Lord knows what he does that I dont know and Im to be slooching around down in the kitchen to get his lordship his breakfast while hes rolled up like a mummy will I indeed did you ever see me running Id just like to see myself at it show them attention and they treat you like dirt I dont care what anybody says itd be much better for the world to be governed by the women in it you wouldnt see women going and killing one another and slaughtering when do you ever see women rolling around drunk like they do or gambling every penny they have and losing it on horses yes because a woman whatever she does she knows where to stop sure they wouldnt be in the world at all only for us they dont know what it is to be a woman and a mother how could they where would they all of them be if they hadnt all a mother to look after them what I never had thats why I suppose hes running wild now out at night away from his books and studies and not living at home on account of the usual rowy house I suppose well its a poor case that those that have a fine son like that theyre not satisfied and I none was he not able to make one it wasnt my fault we came together when I was watching the two dogs up in her behind in the middle of the naked street that disheartened me altogether I suppose I oughtnt to have buried him in that little woolly jacket I knitted crying as I was but give it to some poor child but I knew well Id never have another our 1st death too it was we were never the same since O Im not going to think myself into the glooms about that any more I wonder why he wouldnt stay the night I felt all the time it was somebody strange he brought in instead of roving around the city meeting God knows who nightwalkers and pickpockets his poor mother wouldnt like that if she was alive ruining himself for life perhaps still its a lovely hour so silent I used to love coming home after dances the air of the night they have friends they can talk to weve none either he wants what he wont get or its some woman ready to stick her knife in you I hate that in women no wonder they treat us the way they do we are a dreadful lot of bitches I suppose its all the troubles we have makes us so snappy Im not like that he could easy have slept in there on the sofa in the other room I suppose he was as shy as a boy he being so young hardly 20 of me in the next room hed have heard me on the chamber arrah what harm Dedalus I wonder its like those names in Gibraltar Delapaz Delagracia they had the devils queer names there father Vilaplana of Santa Maria that gave me the rosary Rosales y OReilly in the Calle las Siete Revueltas and Pisimbo and Mrs Opisso in Governor street O what a name Id go and drown myself in the first river if I had a name like her O my and all the bits of streets Paradise ramp and Bedlam ramp and Rodgers ramp and Crutchetts ramp and the devils gap steps well small blame to me if I am a harumscarum I know I am a bit I declare to God I dont feel a day older than then I wonder could I get my tongue round any of the Spanish como esta usted muy bien gracias y usted see I havent forgotten it all I thought I had only for the grammar a noun is the name of any person place or thing pity I never tried to read that novel cantankerous Mrs Rubio lent me by Valera with the questions in it all upside down the two ways I always knew wed go away in the end I can tell him the Spanish and he tell me the Italian then hell see Im not so ignorant what a pity he didnt stay Im sure the poor fellow was dead tired and wanted a good sleep badly I could have brought him in his breakfast in bed with a bit of toast so long as I didnt do it on the knife for bad luck or if the woman was going her rounds with the watercress and something nice and tasty there are a few olives in the kitchen he might like I never could bear the look of them in Abrines I could do the criada the room looks all right since I changed it the other way you see something was telling me all the time Id have to introduce myself not knowing me from Adam very funny wouldnt it Im his wife or pretend we were in Spain with him half awake without a Gods notion where he is dos huevos estrellados senor Lord the cracked things come into my head sometimes itd be great fun supposing he stayed with us why not theres the room upstairs empty and Millys bed in the back room he could do his writing and studies at the table in there for all the scribbling he does at it and if he wants to read in bed in the morning like me as hes making the breakfast for 1 he can make it for 2 Im sure Im not going to take in lodgers off the street for him if he takes a gesabo of a house like this Id love to have a long talk with an intelligent welleducated person Id have to get a nice pair of red slippers like those Turks with the fez used to sell or yellow and a nice semitransparent morning gown that I badly want or a peachblossom dressing jacket like the one long ago in Walpoles only 8/6 or 18/6 Ill just give him one more chance Ill get up early in the morning Im sick of Cohens old bed in any case I might go over to the markets to see all the vegetables and cabbages and tomatoes and carrots and all kinds of splendid fruits all coming in lovely and fresh who knows whod be the 1st man Id meet theyre out looking for it in the morning Mamy Dillon used to say they are and the night too that was her massgoing Id love a big juicy pear now to melt in your mouth like when I used to be in the longing way then Ill throw him up his eggs and tea in the moustachecup she gave him to make his mouth bigger I suppose hed like my nice cream too I know what Ill do Ill go about rather gay not too much singing a bit now and then mi fa pieta Masetto then Ill start dressing myself to go out presto non son piu forte Ill put on my best shift and drawers let him have a good eyeful out of that to make his micky stand for him Ill let him know if thats what he wanted that his wife is fucked yes and damn well fucked too up to my neck nearly not by him 5 or 6 times handrunning theres the mark of his spunk on the clean sheet I wouldnt bother to even iron it out that ought to satisfy him if you dont believe me feel my belly unless I made him stand there and put him into me Ive a mind to tell him every scrap and make him do it out in front of me serve him right its all his own fault if I am an adulteress as the thing in the gallery said O much about it if thats all the harm ever we did in this vale of tears God knows its not much doesnt everybody only they hide it I suppose thats what a woman is supposed to be there for or He wouldnt have made us the way He did so attractive to men then if he wants to kiss my bottom Ill drag open my drawers and bulge it right out in his face as large as life he can stick his tongue 7 miles up my hole as hes there my brown part then Ill tell him I want £ 1 or perhaps 30/- Ill tell him I want to buy underclothes then if he gives me that well he wont be too bad I dont want to soak it all out of him like other women do I could often have written out a fine cheque for myself and write his name on it for a couple of pounds a few times he forgot to lock it up besides he wont spend it Ill let him do it off on me behind provided he doesnt smear all my good drawers O I suppose that cant be helped Ill do the indifferent 1 or 2 questions Ill know by the answers when hes like that he cant keep a thing back I know every turn in him Ill tighten my bottom well and let out a few smutty words smellrump or lick my shit or the first mad thing comes into my head then Ill suggest about yes O wait now sonny my turn is coming Ill be quite gay and friendly over it O but I was forgetting this bloody pest of a thing pfooh you wouldnt know which to laugh or cry were such a mixture of plum and apple no Ill have to wear the old things so much the better itll be more pointed hell never know whether he did it or not there thats good enough for you any old thing at all then Ill wipe him off me just like a business his omission then Ill go out Ill have him eying up at the ceiling where is she gone now make him want me thats the only way a quarter after what an unearthly hour I suppose theyre just getting up in China now combing out their pigtails for the day well soon have the nuns ringing the angelus theyve nobody coming in to spoil their sleep except an odd priest or two for his night office or the alarmclock next door at cockshout clattering the brains out of itself let me see if I can doze off 1 2 3 4 5 what kind of flowers are those they invented like the stars the wallpaper in Lombard street was much nicer the apron he gave me was like that something only I only wore it twice better lower this lamp and try again so as I can get up early Ill go to Lambes there beside Findlaters and get them to send us some flowers to put about the place in case he brings him home tomorrow today I mean no no Fridays an unlucky day first I want to do the place up someway the dust grows in it I think while Im asleep then we can have music and cigarettes I can accompany him first I must clean the keys of the piano with milk whatll I wear shall I wear a white rose or those fairy cakes in Liptons I love the smell of a rich big shop at 7 1/2d a lb or the other ones with the cherries in them and the pinky sugar 11d a couple of lbs of those a nice plant for the middle of the table Id get that cheaper in wait wheres this I saw them not long ago I love flowers Id love to have the whole place swimming in roses God of heaven theres nothing like nature the wild mountains then the sea and the waves rushing then the beautiful country with the fields of oats and wheat and all kinds of things and all the fine cattle going about that would do your heart good to see rivers and lakes and flowers all sorts of shapes and smells and colours springing up even out of the ditches primroses and violets nature it is as for them saying theres no God I wouldnt give a snap of my two fingers for all their learning why dont they go and create something I often asked him atheists or whatever they call themselves go and wash the cobbles off themselves first then they go howling for the priest and they dying and why why because theyre afraid of hell on account of their bad conscience ah yes I know them well who was the first person in the universe before there was anybody that made it all who ah that they dont know neither do I so there you are they might as well try to stop the sun from rising tomorrow the sun shines for you he said the day we were lying among the rhododendrons on Howth head in the grey tweed suit and his straw hat the day I got him to propose to me yes first I gave him the bit of seedcake out of my mouth and it was leapyear like now yes 16 years ago my God after that long kiss I near lost my breath yes he said I was a flower of the mountain yes so we are flowers all a womans body yes that was one true thing he said in his life and the sun shines for you today yes that was why I liked him because I saw he understood or felt what a woman is and I knew I could always get round him and I gave him all the pleasure I could leading him on till he asked me to say yes and I wouldnt answer first only looked out over the sea and the sky I was thinking of so many things he didnt know of Mulvey and Mr Stanhope and Hester and father and old captain Groves and the sailors playing all birds fly and I say stoop and washing up dishes they called it on the pier and the sentry in front of the governors house with the thing round his white helmet poor devil half roasted and the Spanish girls laughing in their shawls and their tall combs and the auctions in the morning the Greeks and the jews and the Arabs and the devil knows who else from all the ends of Europe and Duke street and the fowl market all clucking outside Larby Sharons and the poor donkeys slipping half asleep and the vague fellows in the cloaks asleep in the shade on the steps and the big wheels of the carts of the bulls and the old castle thousands of years old yes and those handsome Moors all in white and turbans like kings asking you to sit down in their little bit of a shop and Ronda with the old windows of the posadas 2 glancing eyes a lattice hid for her lover to kiss the iron and the wineshops half open at night and the castanets and the night we missed the boat at Algeciras the watchman going about serene with his lamp and O that awful deepdown torrent O and the sea the sea crimson sometimes like fire and the glorious sunsets and the figtrees in the Alameda gardens yes and all the queer little streets and the pink and blue and yellow houses and the rosegardens and the jessamine and geraniums and cactuses and Gibraltar as a girl where I was a Flower of the mountain yes when I put the rose in my hair like the Andalusian girls used or shall I wear a red yes and how he kissed me under the Moorish wall and I thought well as well him as another and then I asked him with my eyes to ask again yes and then he asked me would I yes to say yes my mountain flower and first I put my arms around him yes and drew him down to me so he could feel my breasts all perfume yes and his heart was going like mad and yes I said yes I will Yes.</p>
<p>Trieste-Zurich-Paris</p>
<p>1914-1921</p>
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<p><strong>Title</strong>: Ulysses</p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pg-header-authlist">
<p><strong>Author</strong>: James Joyce</p>
</div>
<br />

<p><strong>Release date</strong>: July 1, 2003 [eBook #4300]<br />
Most recently updated: November 27, 2025</p>
<p><strong>Language</strong>: English</p>
<p><strong>Other information and formats</strong>: <a
href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4300">www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4300</a></p>
<p><strong>Credits</strong>: EBook produced by Col Choat.</p>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pg-start-separator">
<span>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ULYSSES ***</span>
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</div>
<div>

</div>
<div class="fig" style="width:70%;">

</div>
<h1
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pgepubid00000">Ulysses</h1>
<h2 class="no-break">by James Joyce</h2>
<hr />
<h2
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-0.htm.html_pgepubid00001">Contents</h2>
<table
style="margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; text-align: center;"
data-summary="">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 100%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_part01"
class="pginternal"><span style="font-size: large;"><strong>— I
—</strong></span></a><br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_chap01"
class="pginternal">[ 1 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html_chap02"
class="pginternal">[ 2 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-3.htm.html_chap03"
class="pginternal">[ 3 ]</a><br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_part02"
class="pginternal"><span style="font-size: large;"><strong>— II
—</strong></span></a><br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_chap04"
class="pginternal">[ 4 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-5.htm.html_chap05"
class="pginternal">[ 5 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-6.htm.html_chap06"
class="pginternal">[ 6 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_chap07"
class="pginternal">[ 7 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html_chap08"
class="pginternal">[ 8 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_chap09"
class="pginternal">[ 9 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html_chap10"
class="pginternal">[ 10 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-11.htm.html_chap11"
class="pginternal">[ 11 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html_chap12"
class="pginternal">[ 12 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-14.htm.html_chap13"
class="pginternal">[ 13 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-15.htm.html_chap14"
class="pginternal">[ 14 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-17.htm.html_chap15"
class="pginternal">[ 15 ]</a><br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-21.htm.html_part03"
class="pginternal"><span style="font-size: large;"><strong>— III
—</strong></span></a><br />
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-22.htm.html_chap16"
class="pginternal">[ 16 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-24.htm.html_chap17"
class="pginternal">[ 17 ]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html_chap18"
class="pginternal">[ 18 ]</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_pgepubid00002"
class="chapter">
<h2><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_part01"></span>— I
—</h2>
</section>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_pgepubid00003"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-1.htm.html_chap01"></span>[ 1
]</h3>
<p>Stately, plump Buck Mulligan came from the stairhead, bearing a bowl
of lather on which a mirror and a razor lay crossed. A yellow
dressinggown, ungirdled, was sustained gently behind him on the mild
morning air. He held the bowl aloft and intoned:</p>
<p>—<em>Introibo ad altare Dei</em>.</p>
<p>Halted, he peered down the dark winding stairs and called out
coarsely:</p>
<p>—Come up, Kinch! Come up, you fearful jesuit!</p>
<p>Solemnly he came forward and mounted the round gunrest. He faced
about and blessed gravely thrice the tower, the surrounding land and the
awaking mountains. Then, catching sight of Stephen Dedalus, he bent
towards him and made rapid crosses in the air, gurgling in his throat
and shaking his head. Stephen Dedalus, displeased and sleepy, leaned his
arms on the top of the staircase and looked coldly at the shaking
gurgling face that blessed him, equine in its length, and at the light
untonsured hair, grained and hued like pale oak.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan peeped an instant under the mirror and then covered the
bowl smartly.</p>
<p>—Back to barracks! he said sternly.</p>
<p>He added in a preacher’s tone:</p>
<p>—For this, O dearly beloved, is the genuine Christine: body and soul
and blood and ouns. Slow music, please. Shut your eyes, gents. One
moment. A little trouble about those white corpuscles. Silence, all.</p>
<p>He peered sideways up and gave a long slow whistle of call, then
paused awhile in rapt attention, his even white teeth glistening here
and there with gold points. Chrysostomos. Two strong shrill whistles
answered through the calm.</p>
<p>—Thanks, old chap, he cried briskly. That will do nicely. Switch off
the current, will you?</p>
<p>He skipped off the gunrest and looked gravely at his watcher,
gathering about his legs the loose folds of his gown. The plump shadowed
face and sullen oval jowl recalled a prelate, patron of arts in the
middle ages. A pleasant smile broke quietly over his lips.</p>
<p>—The mockery of it! he said gaily. Your absurd name, an ancient
Greek!</p>
<p>He pointed his finger in friendly jest and went over to the parapet,
laughing to himself. Stephen Dedalus stepped up, followed him wearily
halfway and sat down on the edge of the gunrest, watching him still as
he propped his mirror on the parapet, dipped the brush in the bowl and
lathered cheeks and neck.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s gay voice went on.</p>
<p>—My name is absurd too: Malachi Mulligan, two dactyls. But it has a
Hellenic ring, hasn’t it? Tripping and sunny like the buck himself. We
must go to Athens. Will you come if I can get the aunt to fork out
twenty quid?</p>
<p>He laid the brush aside and, laughing with delight, cried:</p>
<p>—Will he come? The jejune jesuit!</p>
<p>Ceasing, he began to shave with care.</p>
<p>—Tell me, Mulligan, Stephen said quietly.</p>
<p>—Yes, my love?</p>
<p>—How long is Haines going to stay in this tower?</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan showed a shaven cheek over his right shoulder.</p>
<p>—God, isn’t he dreadful? he said frankly. A ponderous Saxon. He
thinks you’re not a gentleman. God, these bloody English! Bursting with
money and indigestion. Because he comes from Oxford. You know, Dedalus,
you have the real Oxford manner. He can’t make you out. O, my name for
you is the best: Kinch, the knife-blade.</p>
<p>He shaved warily over his chin.</p>
<p>—He was raving all night about a black panther, Stephen said. Where
is his guncase?</p>
<p>—A woful lunatic! Mulligan said. Were you in a funk?</p>
<p>—I was, Stephen said with energy and growing fear. Out here in the
dark with a man I don’t know raving and moaning to himself about
shooting a black panther. You saved men from drowning. I’m not a hero,
however. If he stays on here I am off.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan frowned at the lather on his razorblade. He hopped down
from his perch and began to search his trouser pockets hastily.</p>
<p>—Scutter! he cried thickly.</p>
<p>He came over to the gunrest and, thrusting a hand into Stephen’s
upper pocket, said:</p>
<p>—Lend us a loan of your noserag to wipe my razor.</p>
<p>Stephen suffered him to pull out and hold up on show by its corner a
dirty crumpled handkerchief. Buck Mulligan wiped the razorblade neatly.
Then, gazing over the handkerchief, he said:</p>
<p>—The bard’s noserag! A new art colour for our Irish poets: snotgreen.
You can almost taste it, can’t you?</p>
<p>He mounted to the parapet again and gazed out over Dublin bay, his
fair oakpale hair stirring slightly.</p>
<p>—God! he said quietly. Isn’t the sea what Algy calls it: a great
sweet mother? The snotgreen sea. The scrotumtightening sea. <em>Epi
oinopa ponton</em>. Ah, Dedalus, the Greeks! I must teach you. You must
read them in the original. <em>Thalatta! Thalatta!</em> She is our great
sweet mother. Come and look.</p>
<p>Stephen stood up and went over to the parapet. Leaning on it he
looked down on the water and on the mailboat clearing the harbourmouth
of Kingstown.</p>
<p>—Our mighty mother! Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>He turned abruptly his grey searching eyes from the sea to Stephen’s
face.</p>
<p>—The aunt thinks you killed your mother, he said. That’s why she
won’t let me have anything to do with you.</p>
<p>—Someone killed her, Stephen said gloomily.</p>
<p>—You could have knelt down, damn it, Kinch, when your dying mother
asked you, Buck Mulligan said. I’m hyperborean as much as you. But to
think of your mother begging you with her last breath to kneel down and
pray for her. And you refused. There is something sinister in
you....</p>
<p>He broke off and lathered again lightly his farther cheek. A tolerant
smile curled his lips.</p>
<p>—But a lovely mummer! he murmured to himself. Kinch, the loveliest
mummer of them all!</p>
<p>He shaved evenly and with care, in silence, seriously.</p>
<p>Stephen, an elbow rested on the jagged granite, leaned his palm
against his brow and gazed at the fraying edge of his shiny black
coat-sleeve. Pain, that was not yet the pain of love, fretted his heart.
Silently, in a dream she had come to him after her death, her wasted
body within its loose brown graveclothes giving off an odour of wax and
rosewood, her breath, that had bent upon him, mute, reproachful, a faint
odour of wetted ashes. Across the threadbare cuffedge he saw the sea
hailed as a great sweet mother by the wellfed voice beside him. The ring
of bay and skyline held a dull green mass of liquid. A bowl of white
china had stood beside her deathbed holding the green sluggish bile
which she had torn up from her rotting liver by fits of loud groaning
vomiting.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan wiped again his razorblade.</p>
<p>—Ah, poor dogsbody! he said in a kind voice. I must give you a shirt
and a few noserags. How are the secondhand breeks?</p>
<p>—They fit well enough, Stephen answered.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan attacked the hollow beneath his underlip.</p>
<p>—The mockery of it, he said contentedly. Secondleg they should be.
God knows what poxy bowsy left them off. I have a lovely pair with a
hair stripe, grey. You’ll look spiffing in them. I’m not joking, Kinch.
You look damn well when you’re dressed.</p>
<p>—Thanks, Stephen said. I can’t wear them if they are grey.</p>
<p>—He can’t wear them, Buck Mulligan told his face in the mirror.
Etiquette is etiquette. He kills his mother but he can’t wear grey
trousers.</p>
<p>He folded his razor neatly and with stroking palps of fingers felt
the smooth skin.</p>
<p>Stephen turned his gaze from the sea and to the plump face with its
smokeblue mobile eyes.</p>
<p>—That fellow I was with in the Ship last night, said Buck Mulligan,
says you have g. p. i. He’s up in Dottyville with Connolly Norman.
General paralysis of the insane!</p>
<p>He swept the mirror a half circle in the air to flash the tidings
abroad in sunlight now radiant on the sea. His curling shaven lips
laughed and the edges of his white glittering teeth. Laughter seized all
his strong wellknit trunk.</p>
<p>—Look at yourself, he said, you dreadful bard!</p>
<p>Stephen bent forward and peered at the mirror held out to him, cleft
by a crooked crack. Hair on end. As he and others see me. Who chose this
face for me? This dogsbody to rid of vermin. It asks me too.</p>
<p>—I pinched it out of the skivvy’s room, Buck Mulligan said. It does
her all right. The aunt always keeps plainlooking servants for Malachi.
Lead him not into temptation. And her name is Ursula.</p>
<p>Laughing again, he brought the mirror away from Stephen’s peering
eyes.</p>
<p>—The rage of Caliban at not seeing his face in a mirror, he said. If
Wilde were only alive to see you!</p>
<p>Drawing back and pointing, Stephen said with bitterness:</p>
<p>—It is a symbol of Irish art. The cracked lookingglass of a
servant.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan suddenly linked his arm in Stephen’s and walked with
him round the tower, his razor and mirror clacking in the pocket where
he had thrust them.</p>
<p>—It’s not fair to tease you like that, Kinch, is it? he said kindly.
God knows you have more spirit than any of them.</p>
<p>Parried again. He fears the lancet of my art as I fear that of his.
The cold steel pen.</p>
<p>—Cracked lookingglass of a servant! Tell that to the oxy chap
downstairs and touch him for a guinea. He’s stinking with money and
thinks you’re not a gentleman. His old fellow made his tin by selling
jalap to Zulus or some bloody swindle or other. God, Kinch, if you and I
could only work together we might do something for the island. Hellenise
it.</p>
<p>Cranly’s arm. His arm.</p>
<p>—And to think of your having to beg from these swine. I’m the only
one that knows what you are. Why don’t you trust me more? What have you
up your nose against me? Is it Haines? If he makes any noise here I’ll
bring down Seymour and we’ll give him a ragging worse than they gave
Clive Kempthorpe.</p>
<p>Young shouts of moneyed voices in Clive Kempthorpe’s rooms.
Palefaces: they hold their ribs with laughter, one clasping another. O,
I shall expire! Break the news to her gently, Aubrey! I shall die! With
slit ribbons of his shirt whipping the air he hops and hobbles round the
table, with trousers down at heels, chased by Ades of Magdalen with the
tailor’s shears. A scared calf’s face gilded with marmalade. I don’t
want to be debagged! Don’t you play the giddy ox with me!</p>
<p>Shouts from the open window startling evening in the quadrangle. A
deaf gardener, aproned, masked with Matthew Arnold’s face, pushes his
mower on the sombre lawn watching narrowly the dancing motes of
grasshalms.</p>
<p>To ourselves... new paganism... omphalos.</p>
<p>—Let him stay, Stephen said. There’s nothing wrong with him except at
night.</p>
<p>—Then what is it? Buck Mulligan asked impatiently. Cough it up. I’m
quite frank with you. What have you against me now?</p>
<p>They halted, looking towards the blunt cape of Bray Head that lay on
the water like the snout of a sleeping whale. Stephen freed his arm
quietly.</p>
<p>—Do you wish me to tell you? he asked.</p>
<p>—Yes, what is it? Buck Mulligan answered. I don’t remember
anything.</p>
<p>He looked in Stephen’s face as he spoke. A light wind passed his
brow, fanning softly his fair uncombed hair and stirring silver points
of anxiety in his eyes.</p>
<p>Stephen, depressed by his own voice, said:</p>
<p>—Do you remember the first day I went to your house after my mother’s
death?</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan frowned quickly and said:</p>
<p>—What? Where? I can’t remember anything. I remember only ideas and
sensations. Why? What happened in the name of God?</p>
<p>—You were making tea, Stephen said, and went across the landing to
get more hot water. Your mother and some visitor came out of the
drawingroom. She asked you who was in your room.</p>
<p>—Yes? Buck Mulligan said. What did I say? I forget.</p>
<p>—You said, Stephen answered, <em>O, it’s only Dedalus whose mother is
beastly dead.</em></p>
<p>A flush which made him seem younger and more engaging rose to Buck
Mulligan’s cheek.</p>
<p>—Did I say that? he asked. Well? What harm is that?</p>
<p>He shook his constraint from him nervously.</p>
<p>—And what is death, he asked, your mother’s or yours or my own? You
saw only your mother die. I see them pop off every day in the Mater and
Richmond and cut up into tripes in the dissectingroom. It’s a beastly
thing and nothing else. It simply doesn’t matter. You wouldn’t kneel
down to pray for your mother on her deathbed when she asked you. Why?
Because you have the cursed jesuit strain in you, only it’s injected the
wrong way. To me it’s all a mockery and beastly. Her cerebral lobes are
not functioning. She calls the doctor sir Peter Teazle and picks
buttercups off the quilt. Humour her till it’s over. You crossed her
last wish in death and yet you sulk with me because I don’t whinge like
some hired mute from Lalouette’s. Absurd! I suppose I did say it. I
didn’t mean to offend the memory of your mother.</p>
<p>He had spoken himself into boldness. Stephen, shielding the gaping
wounds which the words had left in his heart, said very coldly:</p>
<p>—I am not thinking of the offence to my mother.</p>
<p>—Of what then? Buck Mulligan asked.</p>
<p>—Of the offence to me, Stephen answered.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan swung round on his heel.</p>
<p>—O, an impossible person! he exclaimed.</p>
<p>He walked off quickly round the parapet. Stephen stood at his post,
gazing over the calm sea towards the headland. Sea and headland now grew
dim. Pulses were beating in his eyes, veiling their sight, and he felt
the fever of his cheeks.</p>
<p>A voice within the tower called loudly:</p>
<p>—Are you up there, Mulligan?</p>
<p>—I’m coming, Buck Mulligan answered.</p>
<p>He turned towards Stephen and said:</p>
<p>—Look at the sea. What does it care about offences? Chuck Loyola,
Kinch, and come on down. The Sassenach wants his morning rashers.</p>
<p>His head halted again for a moment at the top of the staircase, level
with the roof:</p>
<p>—Don’t mope over it all day, he said. I’m inconsequent. Give up the
moody brooding.</p>
<p>His head vanished but the drone of his descending voice boomed out of
the stairhead:</p>
<p>And no more turn aside and brood<br />
Upon love’s bitter mystery<br />
For Fergus rules the brazen cars.</p>
<p>Woodshadows floated silently by through the morning peace from the
stairhead seaward where he gazed. Inshore and farther out the mirror of
water whitened, spurned by lightshod hurrying feet. White breast of the
dim sea. The twining stresses, two by two. A hand plucking the
harpstrings, merging their twining chords. Wavewhite wedded words
shimmering on the dim tide.</p>
<p>A cloud began to cover the sun slowly, wholly, shadowing the bay in
deeper green. It lay beneath him, a bowl of bitter waters. Fergus’ song:
I sang it alone in the house, holding down the long dark chords. Her
door was open: she wanted to hear my music. Silent with awe and pity I
went to her bedside. She was crying in her wretched bed. For those
words, Stephen: love’s bitter mystery.</p>
<p>Where now?</p>
<p>Her secrets: old featherfans, tasselled dancecards, powdered with
musk, a gaud of amber beads in her locked drawer. A birdcage hung in the
sunny window of her house when she was a girl. She heard old Royce sing
in the pantomime of Turko the Terrible and laughed with others when he
sang:</p>
<p>I am the boy<br />
That can enjoy<br />
Invisibility.</p>
<p>Phantasmal mirth, folded away: muskperfumed.</p>
<p>And no more turn aside and brood.</p>
<p>Folded away in the memory of nature with her toys. Memories beset his
brooding brain. Her glass of water from the kitchen tap when she had
approached the sacrament. A cored apple, filled with brown sugar,
roasting for her at the hob on a dark autumn evening. Her shapely
fingernails reddened by the blood of squashed lice from the children’s
shirts.</p>
<p>In a dream, silently, she had come to him, her wasted body within its
loose graveclothes giving off an odour of wax and rosewood, her breath,
bent over him with mute secret words, a faint odour of wetted ashes.</p>
<p>Her glazing eyes, staring out of death, to shake and bend my soul. On
me alone. The ghostcandle to light her agony. Ghostly light on the
tortured face. Her hoarse loud breath rattling in horror, while all
prayed on their knees. Her eyes on me to strike me down. <em>Liliata
rutilantium te confessorum turma circumdet: iubilantium te virginum
chorus excipiat.</em></p>
<p>Ghoul! Chewer of corpses!</p>
<p>No, mother! Let me be and let me live.</p>
<p>—Kinch ahoy!</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s voice sang from within the tower. It came nearer up
the staircase, calling again. Stephen, still trembling at his soul’s
cry, heard warm running sunlight and in the air behind him friendly
words.</p>
<p>—Dedalus, come down, like a good mosey. Breakfast is ready. Haines is
apologising for waking us last night. It’s all right.</p>
<p>—I’m coming, Stephen said, turning.</p>
<p>—Do, for Jesus’ sake, Buck Mulligan said. For my sake and for all our
sakes.</p>
<p>His head disappeared and reappeared.</p>
<p>—I told him your symbol of Irish art. He says it’s very clever. Touch
him for a quid, will you? A guinea, I mean.</p>
<p>—I get paid this morning, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—The school kip? Buck Mulligan said. How much? Four quid? Lend us
one.</p>
<p>—If you want it, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—Four shining sovereigns, Buck Mulligan cried with delight. We’ll
have a glorious drunk to astonish the druidy druids. Four omnipotent
sovereigns.</p>
<p>He flung up his hands and tramped down the stone stairs, singing out
of tune with a Cockney accent:</p>
<p>O, won’t we have a merry time,<br />
Drinking whisky, beer and wine!<br />
On coronation,<br />
Coronation day!<br />
O, won’t we have a merry time<br />
On coronation day!</p>
<p>Warm sunshine merrying over the sea. The nickel shavingbowl shone,
forgotten, on the parapet. Why should I bring it down? Or leave it there
all day, forgotten friendship?</p>
<p>He went over to it, held it in his hands awhile, feeling its
coolness, smelling the clammy slaver of the lather in which the brush
was stuck. So I carried the boat of incense then at Clongowes. I am
another now and yet the same. A servant too. A server of a servant.</p>
<p>In the gloomy domed livingroom of the tower Buck Mulligan’s gowned
form moved briskly to and fro about the hearth, hiding and revealing its
yellow glow. Two shafts of soft daylight fell across the flagged floor
from the high barbacans: and at the meeting of their rays a cloud of
coalsmoke and fumes of fried grease floated, turning.</p>
<p>—We’ll be choked, Buck Mulligan said. Haines, open that door, will
you?</p>
<p>Stephen laid the shavingbowl on the locker. A tall figure rose from
the hammock where it had been sitting, went to the doorway and pulled
open the inner doors.</p>
<p>—Have you the key? a voice asked.</p>
<p>—Dedalus has it, Buck Mulligan said. Janey Mack, I’m choked!</p>
<p>He howled, without looking up from the fire:</p>
<p>—Kinch!</p>
<p>—It’s in the lock, Stephen said, coming forward.</p>
<p>The key scraped round harshly twice and, when the heavy door had been
set ajar, welcome light and bright air entered. Haines stood at the
doorway, looking out. Stephen haled his upended valise to the table and
sat down to wait. Buck Mulligan tossed the fry on to the dish beside
him. Then he carried the dish and a large teapot over to the table, set
them down heavily and sighed with relief.</p>
<p>—I’m melting, he said, as the candle remarked when... But, hush! Not
a word more on that subject! Kinch, wake up! Bread, butter, honey.
Haines, come in. The grub is ready. Bless us, O Lord, and these thy
gifts. Where’s the sugar? O, jay, there’s no milk.</p>
<p>Stephen fetched the loaf and the pot of honey and the buttercooler
from the locker. Buck Mulligan sat down in a sudden pet.</p>
<p>—What sort of a kip is this? he said. I told her to come after
eight.</p>
<p>—We can drink it black, Stephen said thirstily. There’s a lemon in
the locker.</p>
<p>—O, damn you and your Paris fads! Buck Mulligan said. I want
Sandycove milk.</p>
<p>Haines came in from the doorway and said quietly:</p>
<p>—That woman is coming up with the milk.</p>
<p>—The blessings of God on you! Buck Mulligan cried, jumping up from
his chair. Sit down. Pour out the tea there. The sugar is in the bag.
Here, I can’t go fumbling at the damned eggs.</p>
<p>He hacked through the fry on the dish and slapped it out on three
plates, saying:</p>
<p>—<em>In nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti.</em></p>
<p>Haines sat down to pour out the tea.</p>
<p>—I’m giving you two lumps each, he said. But, I say, Mulligan, you do
make strong tea, don’t you?</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan, hewing thick slices from the loaf, said in an old
woman’s wheedling voice:</p>
<p>—When I makes tea I makes tea, as old mother Grogan said. And when I
makes water I makes water.</p>
<p>—By Jove, it is tea, Haines said.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan went on hewing and wheedling:</p>
<p>—<em>So I do, Mrs Cahill,</em> says she. <em>Begob, ma’am,</em> says
Mrs Cahill, <em>God send you don’t make them in the one pot.</em></p>
<p>He lunged towards his messmates in turn a thick slice of bread,
impaled on his knife.</p>
<p>—That’s folk, he said very earnestly, for your book, Haines. Five
lines of text and ten pages of notes about the folk and the fishgods of
Dundrum. Printed by the weird sisters in the year of the big wind.</p>
<p>He turned to Stephen and asked in a fine puzzled voice, lifting his
brows:</p>
<p>—Can you recall, brother, is mother Grogan’s tea and water pot spoken
of in the Mabinogion or is it in the Upanishads?</p>
<p>—I doubt it, said Stephen gravely.</p>
<p>—Do you now? Buck Mulligan said in the same tone. Your reasons,
pray?</p>
<p>—I fancy, Stephen said as he ate, it did not exist in or out of the
Mabinogion. Mother Grogan was, one imagines, a kinswoman of Mary
Ann.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s face smiled with delight.</p>
<p>—Charming! he said in a finical sweet voice, showing his white teeth
and blinking his eyes pleasantly. Do you think she was? Quite
charming!</p>
<p>Then, suddenly overclouding all his features, he growled in a
hoarsened rasping voice as he hewed again vigorously at the loaf:</p>
<p><em>—For old Mary Ann<br />
She doesn’t care a damn.<br />
But, hising up her petticoats...</em></p>
<p>He crammed his mouth with fry and munched and droned.</p>
<p>The doorway was darkened by an entering form.</p>
<p>—The milk, sir!</p>
<p>—Come in, ma’am, Mulligan said. Kinch, get the jug.</p>
<p>An old woman came forward and stood by Stephen’s elbow.</p>
<p>—That’s a lovely morning, sir, she said. Glory be to God.</p>
<p>—To whom? Mulligan said, glancing at her. Ah, to be sure!</p>
<p>Stephen reached back and took the milkjug from the locker.</p>
<p>—The islanders, Mulligan said to Haines casually, speak frequently of
the collector of prepuces.</p>
<p>—How much, sir? asked the old woman.</p>
<p>—A quart, Stephen said.</p>
<p>He watched her pour into the measure and thence into the jug rich
white milk, not hers. Old shrunken paps. She poured again a measureful
and a tilly. Old and secret she had entered from a morning world, maybe
a messenger. She praised the goodness of the milk, pouring it out.
Crouching by a patient cow at daybreak in the lush field, a witch on her
toadstool, her wrinkled fingers quick at the squirting dugs. They lowed
about her whom they knew, dewsilky cattle. Silk of the kine and poor old
woman, names given her in old times. A wandering crone, lowly form of an
immortal serving her conqueror and her gay betrayer, their common
cuckquean, a messenger from the secret morning. To serve or to upbraid,
whether he could not tell: but scorned to beg her favour.</p>
<p>—It is indeed, ma’am, Buck Mulligan said, pouring milk into their
cups.</p>
<p>—Taste it, sir, she said.</p>
<p>He drank at her bidding.</p>
<p>—If we could live on good food like that, he said to her somewhat
loudly, we wouldn’t have the country full of rotten teeth and rotten
guts. Living in a bogswamp, eating cheap food and the streets paved with
dust, horsedung and consumptives’ spits.</p>
<p>—Are you a medical student, sir? the old woman asked.</p>
<p>—I am, ma’am, Buck Mulligan answered.</p>
<p>—Look at that now, she said.</p>
<p>Stephen listened in scornful silence. She bows her old head to a
voice that speaks to her loudly, her bonesetter, her medicineman: me she
slights. To the voice that will shrive and oil for the grave all there
is of her but her woman’s unclean loins, of man’s flesh made not in
God’s likeness, the serpent’s prey. And to the loud voice that now bids
her be silent with wondering unsteady eyes.</p>
<p>—Do you understand what he says? Stephen asked her.</p>
<p>—Is it French you are talking, sir? the old woman said to Haines.</p>
<p>Haines spoke to her again a longer speech, confidently.</p>
<p>—Irish, Buck Mulligan said. Is there Gaelic on you?</p>
<p>—I thought it was Irish, she said, by the sound of it. Are you from
the west, sir?</p>
<p>—I am an Englishman, Haines answered.</p>
<p>—He’s English, Buck Mulligan said, and he thinks we ought to speak
Irish in Ireland.</p>
<p>—Sure we ought to, the old woman said, and I’m ashamed I don’t speak
the language myself. I’m told it’s a grand language by them that
knows.</p>
<p>—Grand is no name for it, said Buck Mulligan. Wonderful entirely.
Fill us out some more tea, Kinch. Would you like a cup, ma’am?</p>
<p>—No, thank you, sir, the old woman said, slipping the ring of the
milkcan on her forearm and about to go.</p>
<p>Haines said to her:</p>
<p>—Have you your bill? We had better pay her, Mulligan, hadn’t we?</p>
<p>Stephen filled again the three cups.</p>
<p>—Bill, sir? she said, halting. Well, it’s seven mornings a pint at
twopence is seven twos is a shilling and twopence over and these three
mornings a quart at fourpence is three quarts is a shilling. That’s a
shilling and one and two is two and two, sir.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan sighed and, having filled his mouth with a crust
thickly buttered on both sides, stretched forth his legs and began to
search his trouser pockets.</p>
<p>—Pay up and look pleasant, Haines said to him, smiling.</p>
<p>Stephen filled a third cup, a spoonful of tea colouring faintly the
thick rich milk. Buck Mulligan brought up a florin, twisted it round in
his fingers and cried:</p>
<p>—A miracle!</p>
<p>He passed it along the table towards the old woman, saying:</p>
<p>—Ask nothing more of me, sweet. All I can give you I give.</p>
<p>Stephen laid the coin in her uneager hand.</p>
<p>—We’ll owe twopence, he said.</p>
<p>—Time enough, sir, she said, taking the coin. Time enough. Good
morning, sir.</p>
<p>She curtseyed and went out, followed by Buck Mulligan’s tender
chant:</p>
<p><em>—Heart of my heart, were it more,<br />
More would be laid at your feet.</em></p>
<p>He turned to Stephen and said:</p>
<p>—Seriously, Dedalus. I’m stony. Hurry out to your school kip and
bring us back some money. Today the bards must drink and junket. Ireland
expects that every man this day will do his duty.</p>
<p>—That reminds me, Haines said, rising, that I have to visit your
national library today.</p>
<p>—Our swim first, Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>He turned to Stephen and asked blandly:</p>
<p>—Is this the day for your monthly wash, Kinch?</p>
<p>Then he said to Haines:</p>
<p>—The unclean bard makes a point of washing once a month.</p>
<p>—All Ireland is washed by the gulfstream, Stephen said as he let
honey trickle over a slice of the loaf.</p>
<p>Haines from the corner where he was knotting easily a scarf about the
loose collar of his tennis shirt spoke:</p>
<p>—I intend to make a collection of your sayings if you will let
me.</p>
<p>Speaking to me. They wash and tub and scrub. Agenbite of inwit.
Conscience. Yet here’s a spot.</p>
<p>—That one about the cracked lookingglass of a servant being the
symbol of Irish art is deuced good.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan kicked Stephen’s foot under the table and said with
warmth of tone:</p>
<p>—Wait till you hear him on Hamlet, Haines.</p>
<p>—Well, I mean it, Haines said, still speaking to Stephen. I was just
thinking of it when that poor old creature came in.</p>
<p>—Would I make any money by it? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>Haines laughed and, as he took his soft grey hat from the holdfast of
the hammock, said:</p>
<p>—I don’t know, I’m sure.</p>
<p>He strolled out to the doorway. Buck Mulligan bent across to Stephen
and said with coarse vigour:</p>
<p>—You put your hoof in it now. What did you say that for?</p>
<p>—Well? Stephen said. The problem is to get money. From whom? From the
milkwoman or from him. It’s a toss up, I think.</p>
<p>—I blow him out about you, Buck Mulligan said, and then you come
along with your lousy leer and your gloomy jesuit jibes.</p>
<p>—I see little hope, Stephen said, from her or from him.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan sighed tragically and laid his hand on Stephen’s
arm.</p>
<p>—From me, Kinch, he said.</p>
<p>In a suddenly changed tone he added:</p>
<p>—To tell you the God’s truth I think you’re right. Damn all else they
are good for. Why don’t you play them as I do? To hell with them all.
Let us get out of the kip.</p>
<p>He stood up, gravely ungirdled and disrobed himself of his gown,
saying resignedly:</p>
<p>—Mulligan is stripped of his garments.</p>
<p>He emptied his pockets on to the table.</p>
<p>—There’s your snotrag, he said.</p>
<p>And putting on his stiff collar and rebellious tie he spoke to them,
chiding them, and to his dangling watchchain. His hands plunged and
rummaged in his trunk while he called for a clean handkerchief. God,
we’ll simply have to dress the character. I want puce gloves and green
boots. Contradiction. Do I contradict myself? Very well then, I
contradict myself. Mercurial Malachi. A limp black missile flew out of
his talking hands.</p>
<p>—And there’s your Latin quarter hat, he said.</p>
<p>Stephen picked it up and put it on. Haines called to them from the
doorway:</p>
<p>—Are you coming, you fellows?</p>
<p>—I’m ready, Buck Mulligan answered, going towards the door. Come out,
Kinch. You have eaten all we left, I suppose. Resigned he passed out
with grave words and gait, saying, wellnigh with sorrow:</p>
<p>—And going forth he met Butterly.</p>
<p>Stephen, taking his ashplant from its leaningplace, followed them out
and, as they went down the ladder, pulled to the slow iron door and
locked it. He put the huge key in his inner pocket.</p>
<p>At the foot of the ladder Buck Mulligan asked:</p>
<p>—Did you bring the key?</p>
<p>—I have it, Stephen said, preceding them.</p>
<p>He walked on. Behind him he heard Buck Mulligan club with his heavy
bathtowel the leader shoots of ferns or grasses.</p>
<p>—Down, sir! How dare you, sir!</p>
<p>Haines asked:</p>
<p>—Do you pay rent for this tower?</p>
<p>—Twelve quid, Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>—To the secretary of state for war, Stephen added over his
shoulder.</p>
<p>They halted while Haines surveyed the tower and said at last:</p>
<p>—Rather bleak in wintertime, I should say. Martello you call it?</p>
<p>—Billy Pitt had them built, Buck Mulligan said, when the French were
on the sea. But ours is the <em>omphalos</em>.</p>
<p>—What is your idea of Hamlet? Haines asked Stephen.</p>
<p>—No, no, Buck Mulligan shouted in pain. I’m not equal to Thomas
Aquinas and the fiftyfive reasons he has made out to prop it up. Wait
till I have a few pints in me first.</p>
<p>He turned to Stephen, saying, as he pulled down neatly the peaks of
his primrose waistcoat:</p>
<p>—You couldn’t manage it under three pints, Kinch, could you?</p>
<p>—It has waited so long, Stephen said listlessly, it can wait
longer.</p>
<p>—You pique my curiosity, Haines said amiably. Is it some paradox?</p>
<p>—Pooh! Buck Mulligan said. We have grown out of Wilde and paradoxes.
It’s quite simple. He proves by algebra that Hamlet’s grandson is
Shakespeare’s grandfather and that he himself is the ghost of his own
father.</p>
<p>—What? Haines said, beginning to point at Stephen. He himself?</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan slung his towel stolewise round his neck and, bending
in loose laughter, said to Stephen’s ear:</p>
<p>—O, shade of Kinch the elder! Japhet in search of a father!</p>
<p>—We’re always tired in the morning, Stephen said to Haines. And it is
rather long to tell.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan, walking forward again, raised his hands.</p>
<p>—The sacred pint alone can unbind the tongue of Dedalus, he said.</p>
<p>—I mean to say, Haines explained to Stephen as they followed, this
tower and these cliffs here remind me somehow of Elsinore. <em>That
beetles o’er his base into the sea,</em> isn’t it?</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan turned suddenly for an instant towards Stephen but did
not speak. In the bright silent instant Stephen saw his own image in
cheap dusty mourning between their gay attires.</p>
<p>—It’s a wonderful tale, Haines said, bringing them to halt again.</p>
<p>Eyes, pale as the sea the wind had freshened, paler, firm and
prudent. The seas’ ruler, he gazed southward over the bay, empty save
for the smokeplume of the mailboat vague on the bright skyline and a
sail tacking by the Muglins.</p>
<p>—I read a theological interpretation of it somewhere, he said
bemused. The Father and the Son idea. The Son striving to be atoned with
the Father.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan at once put on a blithe broadly smiling face. He looked
at them, his wellshaped mouth open happily, his eyes, from which he had
suddenly withdrawn all shrewd sense, blinking with mad gaiety. He moved
a doll’s head to and fro, the brims of his Panama hat quivering, and
began to chant in a quiet happy foolish voice:</p>
<p><em>—I’m the queerest young fellow that ever you heard.<br />
My mother’s a jew, my father’s a bird.<br />
With Joseph the joiner I cannot agree.<br />
So here’s to disciples and Calvary.</em></p>
<p>He held up a forefinger of warning.</p>
<p><em>—If anyone thinks that I amn’t divine<br />
He’ll get no free drinks when I’m making the wine<br />
But have to drink water and wish it were plain<br />
That I make when the wine becomes water again.</em></p>
<p>He tugged swiftly at Stephen’s ashplant in farewell and, running
forward to a brow of the cliff, fluttered his hands at his sides like
fins or wings of one about to rise in the air, and chanted:</p>
<p><em>—Goodbye, now, goodbye! Write down all I said<br />
And tell Tom, Dick and Harry I rose from the dead.<br />
What’s bred in the bone cannot fail me to fly<br />
And Olivet’s breezy... Goodbye, now, goodbye!</em></p>
<p>He capered before them down towards the fortyfoot hole, fluttering
his winglike hands, leaping nimbly, Mercury’s hat quivering in the fresh
wind that bore back to them his brief birdsweet cries.</p>
<p>Haines, who had been laughing guardedly, walked on beside Stephen and
said:</p>
<p>—We oughtn’t to laugh, I suppose. He’s rather blasphemous. I’m not a
believer myself, that is to say. Still his gaiety takes the harm out of
it somehow, doesn’t it? What did he call it? Joseph the Joiner?</p>
<p>—The ballad of joking Jesus, Stephen answered.</p>
<p>—O, Haines said, you have heard it before?</p>
<p>—Three times a day, after meals, Stephen said drily.</p>
<p>—You’re not a believer, are you? Haines asked. I mean, a believer in
the narrow sense of the word. Creation from nothing and miracles and a
personal God.</p>
<p>—There’s only one sense of the word, it seems to me, Stephen
said.</p>
<p>Haines stopped to take out a smooth silver case in which twinkled a
green stone. He sprang it open with his thumb and offered it.</p>
<p>—Thank you, Stephen said, taking a cigarette.</p>
<p>Haines helped himself and snapped the case to. He put it back in his
sidepocket and took from his waistcoatpocket a nickel tinderbox, sprang
it open too, and, having lit his cigarette, held the flaming spunk
towards Stephen in the shell of his hands.</p>
<p>—Yes, of course, he said, as they went on again. Either you believe
or you don’t, isn’t it? Personally I couldn’t stomach that idea of a
personal God. You don’t stand for that, I suppose?</p>
<p>—You behold in me, Stephen said with grim displeasure, a horrible
example of free thought.</p>
<p>He walked on, waiting to be spoken to, trailing his ashplant by his
side. Its ferrule followed lightly on the path, squealing at his heels.
My familiar, after me, calling, Steeeeeeeeeeeephen! A wavering line
along the path. They will walk on it tonight, coming here in the dark.
He wants that key. It is mine. I paid the rent. Now I eat his salt
bread. Give him the key too. All. He will ask for it. That was in his
eyes.</p>
<p>—After all, Haines began...</p>
<p>Stephen turned and saw that the cold gaze which had measured him was
not all unkind.</p>
<p>—After all, I should think you are able to free yourself. You are
your own master, it seems to me.</p>
<p>—I am a servant of two masters, Stephen said, an English and an
Italian.</p>
<p>—Italian? Haines said.</p>
<p>A crazy queen, old and jealous. Kneel down before me.</p>
<p>—And a third, Stephen said, there is who wants me for odd jobs.</p>
<p>—Italian? Haines said again. What do you mean?</p>
<p>—The imperial British state, Stephen answered, his colour rising, and
the holy Roman catholic and apostolic church.</p>
<p>Haines detached from his underlip some fibres of tobacco before he
spoke.</p>
<p>—I can quite understand that, he said calmly. An Irishman must think
like that, I daresay. We feel in England that we have treated you rather
unfairly. It seems history is to blame.</p>
<p>The proud potent titles clanged over Stephen’s memory the triumph of
their brazen bells: <em>et unam sanctam catholicam et apostolicam
ecclesiam:</em> the slow growth and change of rite and dogma like his
own rare thoughts, a chemistry of stars. Symbol of the apostles in the
mass for pope Marcellus, the voices blended, singing alone loud in
affirmation: and behind their chant the vigilant angel of the church
militant disarmed and menaced her heresiarchs. A horde of heresies
fleeing with mitres awry: Photius and the brood of mockers of whom
Mulligan was one, and Arius, warring his life long upon the
consubstantiality of the Son with the Father, and Valentine, spurning
Christ’s terrene body, and the subtle African heresiarch Sabellius who
held that the Father was Himself His own Son. Words Mulligan had spoken
a moment since in mockery to the stranger. Idle mockery. The void awaits
surely all them that weave the wind: a menace, a disarming and a
worsting from those embattled angels of the church, Michael’s host, who
defend her ever in the hour of conflict with their lances and their
shields.</p>
<p>Hear, hear! Prolonged applause. <em>Zut! Nom de Dieu!</em></p>
<p>—Of course I’m a Britisher, Haines’s voice said, and I feel as one. I
don’t want to see my country fall into the hands of German jews either.
That’s our national problem, I’m afraid, just now.</p>
<p>Two men stood at the verge of the cliff, watching: businessman,
boatman.</p>
<p>—She’s making for Bullock harbour.</p>
<p>The boatman nodded towards the north of the bay with some
disdain.</p>
<p>—There’s five fathoms out there, he said. It’ll be swept up that way
when the tide comes in about one. It’s nine days today.</p>
<p>The man that was drowned. A sail veering about the blank bay waiting
for a swollen bundle to bob up, roll over to the sun a puffy face,
saltwhite. Here I am.</p>
<p>They followed the winding path down to the creek. Buck Mulligan stood
on a stone, in shirtsleeves, his unclipped tie rippling over his
shoulder. A young man clinging to a spur of rock near him, moved slowly
frogwise his green legs in the deep jelly of the water.</p>
<p>—Is the brother with you, Malachi?</p>
<p>—Down in Westmeath. With the Bannons.</p>
<p>—Still there? I got a card from Bannon. Says he found a sweet young
thing down there. Photo girl he calls her.</p>
<p>—Snapshot, eh? Brief exposure.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan sat down to unlace his boots. An elderly man shot up
near the spur of rock a blowing red face. He scrambled up by the stones,
water glistening on his pate and on its garland of grey hair, water
rilling over his chest and paunch and spilling jets out of his black
sagging loincloth.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan made way for him to scramble past and, glancing at
Haines and Stephen, crossed himself piously with his thumbnail at brow
and lips and breastbone.</p>
<p>—Seymour’s back in town, the young man said, grasping again his spur
of rock. Chucked medicine and going in for the army.</p>
<p>—Ah, go to God! Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>—Going over next week to stew. You know that red Carlisle girl,
Lily?</p>
<p>—Yes.</p>
<p>—Spooning with him last night on the pier. The father is rotto with
money.</p>
<p>—Is she up the pole?</p>
<p>—Better ask Seymour that.</p>
<p>—Seymour a bleeding officer! Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>He nodded to himself as he drew off his trousers and stood up, saying
tritely:</p>
<p>—Redheaded women buck like goats.</p>
<p>He broke off in alarm, feeling his side under his flapping shirt.</p>
<p>—My twelfth rib is gone, he cried. I’m the <em>Übermensch.</em>
Toothless Kinch and I, the supermen.</p>
<p>He struggled out of his shirt and flung it behind him to where his
clothes lay.</p>
<p>—Are you going in here, Malachi?</p>
<p>—Yes. Make room in the bed.</p>
<p>The young man shoved himself backward through the water and reached
the middle of the creek in two long clean strokes. Haines sat down on a
stone, smoking.</p>
<p>—Are you not coming in? Buck Mulligan asked.</p>
<p>—Later on, Haines said. Not on my breakfast.</p>
<p>Stephen turned away.</p>
<p>—I’m going, Mulligan, he said.</p>
<p>—Give us that key, Kinch, Buck Mulligan said, to keep my chemise
flat.</p>
<p>Stephen handed him the key. Buck Mulligan laid it across his heaped
clothes.</p>
<p>—And twopence, he said, for a pint. Throw it there.</p>
<p>Stephen threw two pennies on the soft heap. Dressing, undressing.
Buck Mulligan erect, with joined hands before him, said solemnly:</p>
<p>—He who stealeth from the poor lendeth to the Lord. Thus spake
Zarathustra.</p>
<p>His plump body plunged.</p>
<p>—We’ll see you again, Haines said, turning as Stephen walked up the
path and smiling at wild Irish.</p>
<p>Horn of a bull, hoof of a horse, smile of a Saxon.</p>
<p>—The Ship, Buck Mulligan cried. Half twelve.</p>
<p>—Good, Stephen said.</p>
<p>He walked along the upwardcurving path.</p>
<p>Liliata rutilantium.<br />
Turma circumdet.<br />
Iubilantium te virginum.</p>
<p>The priest’s grey nimbus in a niche where he dressed discreetly. I
will not sleep here tonight. Home also I cannot go.</p>
<p>A voice, sweettoned and sustained, called to him from the sea.
Turning the curve he waved his hand. It called again. A sleek brown
head, a seal’s, far out on the water, round.</p>
<p>Usurper.</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html_pgepubid00004"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-2.htm.html_chap02"></span>[ 2
]</h3>
<p>—You, Cochrane, what city sent for him?</p>
<p>—Tarentum, sir.</p>
<p>—Very good. Well?</p>
<p>—There was a battle, sir.</p>
<p>—Very good. Where?</p>
<p>The boy’s blank face asked the blank window.</p>
<p>Fabled by the daughters of memory. And yet it was in some way if not
as memory fabled it. A phrase, then, of impatience, thud of Blake’s
wings of excess. I hear the ruin of all space, shattered glass and
toppling masonry, and time one livid final flame. What’s left us
then?</p>
<p>—I forget the place, sir. 279 B. C.</p>
<p>—Asculum, Stephen said, glancing at the name and date in the
gorescarred book.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir. And he said: <em>Another victory like that and we are done
for.</em></p>
<p>That phrase the world had remembered. A dull ease of the mind. From a
hill above a corpsestrewn plain a general speaking to his officers,
leaned upon his spear. Any general to any officers. They lend ear.</p>
<p>—You, Armstrong, Stephen said. What was the end of Pyrrhus?</p>
<p>—End of Pyrrhus, sir?</p>
<p>—I know, sir. Ask me, sir, Comyn said.</p>
<p>—Wait. You, Armstrong. Do you know anything about Pyrrhus?</p>
<p>A bag of figrolls lay snugly in Armstrong’s satchel. He curled them
between his palms at whiles and swallowed them softly. Crumbs adhered to
the tissue of his lips. A sweetened boy’s breath. Welloff people, proud
that their eldest son was in the navy. Vico Road, Dalkey.</p>
<p>—Pyrrhus, sir? Pyrrhus, a pier.</p>
<p>All laughed. Mirthless high malicious laughter. Armstrong looked
round at his classmates, silly glee in profile. In a moment they will
laugh more loudly, aware of my lack of rule and of the fees their papas
pay.</p>
<p>—Tell me now, Stephen said, poking the boy’s shoulder with the book,
what is a pier.</p>
<p>—A pier, sir, Armstrong said. A thing out in the water. A kind of a
bridge. Kingstown pier, sir.</p>
<p>Some laughed again: mirthless but with meaning. Two in the back bench
whispered. Yes. They knew: had never learned nor ever been innocent.
All. With envy he watched their faces: Edith, Ethel, Gerty, Lily. Their
likes: their breaths, too, sweetened with tea and jam, their bracelets
tittering in the struggle.</p>
<p>—Kingstown pier, Stephen said. Yes, a disappointed bridge.</p>
<p>The words troubled their gaze.</p>
<p>—How, sir? Comyn asked. A bridge is across a river.</p>
<p>For Haines’s chapbook. No-one here to hear. Tonight deftly amid wild
drink and talk, to pierce the polished mail of his mind. What then? A
jester at the court of his master, indulged and disesteemed, winning a
clement master’s praise. Why had they chosen all that part? Not wholly
for the smooth caress. For them too history was a tale like any other
too often heard, their land a pawnshop.</p>
<p>Had Pyrrhus not fallen by a beldam’s hand in Argos or Julius Caesar
not been knifed to death. They are not to be thought away. Time has
branded them and fettered they are lodged in the room of the infinite
possibilities they have ousted. But can those have been possible seeing
that they never were? Or was that only possible which came to pass?
Weave, weaver of the wind.</p>
<p>—Tell us a story, sir.</p>
<p>—O, do, sir. A ghoststory.</p>
<p>—Where do you begin in this? Stephen asked, opening another book.</p>
<p>—<em>Weep no more,</em> Comyn said.</p>
<p>—Go on then, Talbot.</p>
<p>—And the story, sir?</p>
<p>—After, Stephen said. Go on, Talbot.</p>
<p>A swarthy boy opened a book and propped it nimbly under the
breastwork of his satchel. He recited jerks of verse with odd glances at
the text:</p>
<p><em>—Weep no more, woful shepherds, weep no more<br />
For Lycidas, your sorrow, is not dead,<br />
Sunk though he be beneath the watery floor...</em></p>
<p>It must be a movement then, an actuality of the possible as possible.
Aristotle’s phrase formed itself within the gabbled verses and floated
out into the studious silence of the library of Saint Genevieve where he
had read, sheltered from the sin of Paris, night by night. By his elbow
a delicate Siamese conned a handbook of strategy. Fed and feeding brains
about me: under glowlamps, impaled, with faintly beating feelers: and in
my mind’s darkness a sloth of the underworld, reluctant, shy of
brightness, shifting her dragon scaly folds. Thought is the thought of
thought. Tranquil brightness. The soul is in a manner all that is: the
soul is the form of forms. Tranquility sudden, vast, candescent: form of
forms.</p>
<p>Talbot repeated:</p>
<p><em>—Through the dear might of Him that walked the waves,<br />
Through the dear might...</em></p>
<p>—Turn over, Stephen said quietly. I don’t see anything.</p>
<p>—What, sir? Talbot asked simply, bending forward.</p>
<p>His hand turned the page over. He leaned back and went on again,
having just remembered. Of him that walked the waves. Here also over
these craven hearts his shadow lies and on the scoffer’s heart and lips
and on mine. It lies upon their eager faces who offered him a coin of
the tribute. To Caesar what is Caesar’s, to God what is God’s. A long
look from dark eyes, a riddling sentence to be woven and woven on the
church’s looms. Ay.</p>
<p>Riddle me, riddle me, randy ro.<br />
My father gave me seeds to sow.</p>
<p>Talbot slid his closed book into his satchel.</p>
<p>—Have I heard all? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir. Hockey at ten, sir.</p>
<p>—Half day, sir. Thursday.</p>
<p>—Who can answer a riddle? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>They bundled their books away, pencils clacking, pages rustling.
Crowding together they strapped and buckled their satchels, all gabbling
gaily:</p>
<p>—A riddle, sir? Ask me, sir.</p>
<p>—O, ask me, sir.</p>
<p>—A hard one, sir.</p>
<p>—This is the riddle, Stephen said:</p>
<p>The cock crew,<br />
The sky was blue:<br />
The bells in heaven<br />
Were striking eleven.<br />
’Tis time for this poor soul<br />
To go to heaven.</p>
<p>What is that?</p>
<p>—What, sir?</p>
<p>—Again, sir. We didn’t hear.</p>
<p>Their eyes grew bigger as the lines were repeated. After a silence
Cochrane said:</p>
<p>—What is it, sir? We give it up.</p>
<p>Stephen, his throat itching, answered:</p>
<p>—The fox burying his grandmother under a hollybush.</p>
<p>He stood up and gave a shout of nervous laughter to which their cries
echoed dismay.</p>
<p>A stick struck the door and a voice in the corridor called:</p>
<p>—Hockey!</p>
<p>They broke asunder, sidling out of their benches, leaping them.
Quickly they were gone and from the lumberroom came the rattle of sticks
and clamour of their boots and tongues.</p>
<p>Sargent who alone had lingered came forward slowly, showing an open
copybook. His tangled hair and scraggy neck gave witness of unreadiness
and through his misty glasses weak eyes looked up pleading. On his
cheek, dull and bloodless, a soft stain of ink lay, dateshaped, recent
and damp as a snail’s bed.</p>
<p>He held out his copybook. The word <em>Sums</em> was written on the
headline. Beneath were sloping figures and at the foot a crooked
signature with blind loops and a blot. Cyril Sargent: his name and
seal.</p>
<p>—Mr Deasy told me to write them out all again, he said, and show them
to you, sir.</p>
<p>Stephen touched the edges of the book. Futility.</p>
<p>—Do you understand how to do them now? he asked.</p>
<p>—Numbers eleven to fifteen, Sargent answered. Mr Deasy said I was to
copy them off the board, sir.</p>
<p>—Can you do them yourself? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>—No, sir.</p>
<p>Ugly and futile: lean neck and tangled hair and a stain of ink, a
snail’s bed. Yet someone had loved him, borne him in her arms and in her
heart. But for her the race of the world would have trampled him
underfoot, a squashed boneless snail. She had loved his weak watery
blood drained from her own. Was that then real? The only true thing in
life? His mother’s prostrate body the fiery Columbanus in holy zeal
bestrode. She was no more: the trembling skeleton of a twig burnt in the
fire, an odour of rosewood and wetted ashes. She had saved him from
being trampled underfoot and had gone, scarcely having been. A poor soul
gone to heaven: and on a heath beneath winking stars a fox, red reek of
rapine in his fur, with merciless bright eyes scraped in the earth,
listened, scraped up the earth, listened, scraped and scraped.</p>
<p>Sitting at his side Stephen solved out the problem. He proves by
algebra that Shakespeare’s ghost is Hamlet’s grandfather. Sargent peered
askance through his slanted glasses. Hockeysticks rattled in the
lumberroom: the hollow knock of a ball and calls from the field.</p>
<p>Across the page the symbols moved in grave morrice, in the mummery of
their letters, wearing quaint caps of squares and cubes. Give hands,
traverse, bow to partner: so: imps of fancy of the Moors. Gone too from
the world, Averroes and Moses Maimonides, dark men in mien and movement,
flashing in their mocking mirrors the obscure soul of the world, a
darkness shining in brightness which brightness could not
comprehend.</p>
<p>—Do you understand now? Can you work the second for yourself?</p>
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<p>In long shaky strokes Sargent copied the data. Waiting always for a
word of help his hand moved faithfully the unsteady symbols, a faint hue
of shame flickering behind his dull skin. <em>Amor matris:</em>
subjective and objective genitive. With her weak blood and wheysour milk
she had fed him and hid from sight of others his swaddling bands.</p>
<p>Like him was I, these sloping shoulders, this gracelessness. My
childhood bends beside me. Too far for me to lay a hand there once or
lightly. Mine is far and his secret as our eyes. Secrets, silent, stony
sit in the dark palaces of both our hearts: secrets weary of their
tyranny: tyrants, willing to be dethroned.</p>
<p>The sum was done.</p>
<p>—It is very simple, Stephen said as he stood up.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir. Thanks, Sargent answered.</p>
<p>He dried the page with a sheet of thin blottingpaper and carried his
copybook back to his bench.</p>
<p>—You had better get your stick and go out to the others, Stephen said
as he followed towards the door the boy’s graceless form.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<p>In the corridor his name was heard, called from the playfield.</p>
<p>—Sargent!</p>
<p>—Run on, Stephen said. Mr Deasy is calling you.</p>
<p>He stood in the porch and watched the laggard hurry towards the
scrappy field where sharp voices were in strife. They were sorted in
teams and Mr Deasy came away stepping over wisps of grass with gaitered
feet. When he had reached the schoolhouse voices again contending called
to him. He turned his angry white moustache.</p>
<p>—What is it now? he cried continually without listening.</p>
<p>—Cochrane and Halliday are on the same side, sir, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—Will you wait in my study for a moment, Mr Deasy said, till I
restore order here.</p>
<p>And as he stepped fussily back across the field his old man’s voice
cried sternly:</p>
<p>—What is the matter? What is it now?</p>
<p>Their sharp voices cried about him on all sides: their many forms
closed round him, the garish sunshine bleaching the honey of his illdyed
head.</p>
<p>Stale smoky air hung in the study with the smell of drab abraded
leather of its chairs. As on the first day he bargained with me here. As
it was in the beginning, is now. On the sideboard the tray of Stuart
coins, base treasure of a bog: and ever shall be. And snug in their
spooncase of purple plush, faded, the twelve apostles having preached to
all the gentiles: world without end.</p>
<p>A hasty step over the stone porch and in the corridor. Blowing out
his rare moustache Mr Deasy halted at the table.</p>
<p>—First, our little financial settlement, he said.</p>
<p>He brought out of his coat a pocketbook bound by a leather thong. It
slapped open and he took from it two notes, one of joined halves, and
laid them carefully on the table.</p>
<p>—Two, he said, strapping and stowing his pocketbook away.</p>
<p>And now his strongroom for the gold. Stephen’s embarrassed hand moved
over the shells heaped in the cold stone mortar: whelks and money
cowries and leopard shells: and this, whorled as an emir’s turban, and
this, the scallop of saint James. An old pilgrim’s hoard, dead treasure,
hollow shells.</p>
<p>A sovereign fell, bright and new, on the soft pile of the
tablecloth.</p>
<p>—Three, Mr Deasy said, turning his little savingsbox about in his
hand. These are handy things to have. See. This is for sovereigns. This
is for shillings. Sixpences, halfcrowns. And here crowns. See.</p>
<p>He shot from it two crowns and two shillings.</p>
<p>—Three twelve, he said. I think you’ll find that’s right.</p>
<p>—Thank you, sir, Stephen said, gathering the money together with shy
haste and putting it all in a pocket of his trousers.</p>
<p>—No thanks at all, Mr Deasy said. You have earned it.</p>
<p>Stephen’s hand, free again, went back to the hollow shells. Symbols
too of beauty and of power. A lump in my pocket: symbols soiled by greed
and misery.</p>
<p>—Don’t carry it like that, Mr Deasy said. You’ll pull it out
somewhere and lose it. You just buy one of these machines. You’ll find
them very handy.</p>
<p>Answer something.</p>
<p>—Mine would be often empty, Stephen said.</p>
<p>The same room and hour, the same wisdom: and I the same. Three times
now. Three nooses round me here. Well? I can break them in this instant
if I will.</p>
<p>—Because you don’t save, Mr Deasy said, pointing his finger. You
don’t know yet what money is. Money is power. When you have lived as
long as I have. I know, I know. If youth but knew. But what does
Shakespeare say? <em>Put but money in thy purse.</em></p>
<p>—Iago, Stephen murmured.</p>
<p>He lifted his gaze from the idle shells to the old man’s stare.</p>
<p>—He knew what money was, Mr Deasy said. He made money. A poet, yes,
but an Englishman too. Do you know what is the pride of the English? Do
you know what is the proudest word you will ever hear from an
Englishman’s mouth?</p>
<p>The seas’ ruler. His seacold eyes looked on the empty bay: it seems
history is to blame: on me and on my words, unhating.</p>
<p>—That on his empire, Stephen said, the sun never sets.</p>
<p>—Ba! Mr Deasy cried. That’s not English. A French Celt said that. He
tapped his savingsbox against his thumbnail.</p>
<p>—I will tell you, he said solemnly, what is his proudest boast. <em>I
paid my way.</em></p>
<p>Good man, good man.</p>
<p><em>—I paid my way. I never borrowed a shilling in my life.</em> Can
you feel that? <em>I owe nothing.</em> Can you?</p>
<p>Mulligan, nine pounds, three pairs of socks, one pair brogues, ties.
Curran, ten guineas. McCann, one guinea. Fred Ryan, two shillings.
Temple, two lunches. Russell, one guinea, Cousins, ten shillings, Bob
Reynolds, half a guinea, Koehler, three guineas, Mrs MacKernan, five
weeks’ board. The lump I have is useless.</p>
<p>—For the moment, no, Stephen answered.</p>
<p>Mr Deasy laughed with rich delight, putting back his savingsbox.</p>
<p>—I knew you couldn’t, he said joyously. But one day you must feel it.
We are a generous people but we must also be just.</p>
<p>—I fear those big words, Stephen said, which make us so unhappy.</p>
<p>Mr Deasy stared sternly for some moments over the mantelpiece at the
shapely bulk of a man in tartan fillibegs: Albert Edward, prince of
Wales.</p>
<p>—You think me an old fogey and an old tory, his thoughtful voice
said. I saw three generations since O’Connell’s time. I remember the
famine in ’46. Do you know that the orange lodges agitated for repeal of
the union twenty years before O’Connell did or before the prelates of
your communion denounced him as a demagogue? You fenians forget some
things.</p>
<p>Glorious, pious and immortal memory. The lodge of Diamond in Armagh
the splendid behung with corpses of papishes. Hoarse, masked and armed,
the planters’ covenant. The black north and true blue bible. Croppies
lie down.</p>
<p>Stephen sketched a brief gesture.</p>
<p>—I have rebel blood in me too, Mr Deasy said. On the spindle side.
But I am descended from sir John Blackwood who voted for the union. We
are all Irish, all kings’ sons.</p>
<p>—Alas, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—<em>Per vias rectas</em>, Mr Deasy said firmly, was his motto. He
voted for it and put on his topboots to ride to Dublin from the Ards of
Down to do so.</p>
<p>Lal the ral the ra<br />
The rocky road to Dublin.</p>
<p>A gruff squire on horseback with shiny topboots. Soft day, sir John!
Soft day, your honour!... Day!... Day!... Two topboots jog dangling on
to Dublin. Lal the ral the ra. Lal the ral the raddy.</p>
<p>—That reminds me, Mr Deasy said. You can do me a favour, Mr Dedalus,
with some of your literary friends. I have a letter here for the press.
Sit down a moment. I have just to copy the end.</p>
<p>He went to the desk near the window, pulled in his chair twice and
read off some words from the sheet on the drum of his typewriter.</p>
<p>—Sit down. Excuse me, he said over his shoulder, <em>the dictates of
common sense.</em> Just a moment.</p>
<p>He peered from under his shaggy brows at the manuscript by his elbow
and, muttering, began to prod the stiff buttons of the keyboard slowly,
sometimes blowing as he screwed up the drum to erase an error.</p>
<p>Stephen seated himself noiselessly before the princely presence.
Framed around the walls images of vanished horses stood in homage, their
meek heads poised in air: lord Hastings’ <em>Repulse</em>, the duke of
Westminster’s <em>Shotover</em>, the duke of Beaufort’s <em>Ceylon</em>,
<em>prix de Paris</em>, 1866. Elfin riders sat them, watchful of a sign.
He saw their speeds, backing king’s colours, and shouted with the shouts
of vanished crowds.</p>
<p>—Full stop, Mr Deasy bade his keys. <em>But prompt ventilation of
this allimportant question...</em></p>
<p>Where Cranly led me to get rich quick, hunting his winners among the
mudsplashed brakes, amid the bawls of bookies on their pitches and reek
of the canteen, over the motley slush. Even money <em>Fair Rebel.</em>
Ten to one the field. Dicers and thimbleriggers we hurried by after the
hoofs, the vying caps and jackets and past the meatfaced woman, a
butcher’s dame, nuzzling thirstily her clove of orange.</p>
<p>Shouts rang shrill from the boys’ playfield and a whirring
whistle.</p>
<p>Again: a goal. I am among them, among their battling bodies in a
medley, the joust of life. You mean that knockkneed mother’s darling who
seems to be slightly crawsick? Jousts. Time shocked rebounds, shock by
shock. Jousts, slush and uproar of battles, the frozen deathspew of the
slain, a shout of spearspikes baited with men’s bloodied guts.</p>
<p>—Now then, Mr Deasy said, rising.</p>
<p>He came to the table, pinning together his sheets. Stephen stood
up.</p>
<p>—I have put the matter into a nutshell, Mr Deasy said. It’s about the
foot and mouth disease. Just look through it. There can be no two
opinions on the matter.</p>
<p>May I trespass on your valuable space. That doctrine of <em>laissez
faire</em> which so often in our history. Our cattle trade. The way of
all our old industries. Liverpool ring which jockeyed the Galway harbour
scheme. European conflagration. Grain supplies through the narrow waters
of the channel. The pluterperfect imperturbability of the department of
agriculture. Pardoned a classical allusion. Cassandra. By a woman who
was no better than she should be. To come to the point at issue.</p>
<p>—I don’t mince words, do I? Mr Deasy asked as Stephen read on.</p>
<p>Foot and mouth disease. Known as Koch’s preparation. Serum and virus.
Percentage of salted horses. Rinderpest. Emperor’s horses at Mürzsteg,
lower Austria. Veterinary surgeons. Mr Henry Blackwood Price. Courteous
offer a fair trial. Dictates of common sense. Allimportant question. In
every sense of the word take the bull by the horns. Thanking you for the
hospitality of your columns.</p>
<p>—I want that to be printed and read, Mr Deasy said. You will see at
the next outbreak they will put an embargo on Irish cattle. And it can
be cured. It is cured. My cousin, Blackwood Price, writes to me it is
regularly treated and cured in Austria by cattledoctors there. They
offer to come over here. I am trying to work up influence with the
department. Now I’m going to try publicity. I am surrounded by
difficulties, by... intrigues by... backstairs influence by...</p>
<p>He raised his forefinger and beat the air oldly before his voice
spoke.</p>
<p>—Mark my words, Mr Dedalus, he said. England is in the hands of the
jews. In all the highest places: her finance, her press. And they are
the signs of a nation’s decay. Wherever they gather they eat up the
nation’s vital strength. I have seen it coming these years. As sure as
we are standing here the jew merchants are already at their work of
destruction. Old England is dying.</p>
<p>He stepped swiftly off, his eyes coming to blue life as they passed a
broad sunbeam. He faced about and back again.</p>
<p>—Dying, he said again, if not dead by now.</p>
<p>The harlot’s cry from street to street<br />
Shall weave old England’s windingsheet.</p>
<p>His eyes open wide in vision stared sternly across the sunbeam in
which he halted.</p>
<p>—A merchant, Stephen said, is one who buys cheap and sells dear, jew
or gentile, is he not?</p>
<p>—They sinned against the light, Mr Deasy said gravely. And you can
see the darkness in their eyes. And that is why they are wanderers on
the earth to this day.</p>
<p>On the steps of the Paris stock exchange the goldskinned men quoting
prices on their gemmed fingers. Gabble of geese. They swarmed loud,
uncouth about the temple, their heads thickplotting under maladroit silk
hats. Not theirs: these clothes, this speech, these gestures. Their full
slow eyes belied the words, the gestures eager and unoffending, but knew
the rancours massed about them and knew their zeal was vain. Vain
patience to heap and hoard. Time surely would scatter all. A hoard
heaped by the roadside: plundered and passing on. Their eyes knew their
years of wandering and, patient, knew the dishonours of their flesh.</p>
<p>—Who has not? Stephen said.</p>
<p>—What do you mean? Mr Deasy asked.</p>
<p>He came forward a pace and stood by the table. His underjaw fell
sideways open uncertainly. Is this old wisdom? He waits to hear from
me.</p>
<p>—History, Stephen said, is a nightmare from which I am trying to
awake.</p>
<p>From the playfield the boys raised a shout. A whirring whistle: goal.
What if that nightmare gave you a back kick?</p>
<p>—The ways of the Creator are not our ways, Mr Deasy said. All human
history moves towards one great goal, the manifestation of God.</p>
<p>Stephen jerked his thumb towards the window, saying:</p>
<p>—That is God.</p>
<p>Hooray! Ay! Whrrwhee!</p>
<p>—What? Mr Deasy asked.</p>
<p>—A shout in the street, Stephen answered, shrugging his
shoulders.</p>
<p>Mr Deasy looked down and held for awhile the wings of his nose
tweaked between his fingers. Looking up again he set them free.</p>
<p>—I am happier than you are, he said. We have committed many errors
and many sins. A woman brought sin into the world. For a woman who was
no better than she should be, Helen, the runaway wife of Menelaus, ten
years the Greeks made war on Troy. A faithless wife first brought the
strangers to our shore here, MacMurrough’s wife and her leman, O’Rourke,
prince of Breffni. A woman too brought Parnell low. Many errors, many
failures but not the one sin. I am a struggler now at the end of my
days. But I will fight for the right till the end.</p>
<p>For Ulster will fight<br />
And Ulster will be right.</p>
<p>Stephen raised the sheets in his hand.</p>
<p>—Well, sir, he began.</p>
<p>—I foresee, Mr Deasy said, that you will not remain here very long at
this work. You were not born to be a teacher, I think. Perhaps I am
wrong.</p>
<p>—A learner rather, Stephen said.</p>
<p>And here what will you learn more?</p>
<p>Mr Deasy shook his head.</p>
<p>—Who knows? he said. To learn one must be humble. But life is the
great teacher.</p>
<p>Stephen rustled the sheets again.</p>
<p>—As regards these, he began.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Deasy said. You have two copies there. If you can have them
published at once.</p>
<p><em>Telegraph. Irish Homestead.</em></p>
<p>—I will try, Stephen said, and let you know tomorrow. I know two
editors slightly.</p>
<p>—That will do, Mr Deasy said briskly. I wrote last night to Mr Field,
M.P. There is a meeting of the cattletraders’ association today at the
City Arms hotel. I asked him to lay my letter before the meeting. You
see if you can get it into your two papers. What are they?</p>
<p><em>—The Evening Telegraph...</em></p>
<p>—That will do, Mr Deasy said. There is no time to lose. Now I have to
answer that letter from my cousin.</p>
<p>—Good morning, sir, Stephen said, putting the sheets in his pocket.
Thank you.</p>
<p>—Not at all, Mr Deasy said as he searched the papers on his desk. I
like to break a lance with you, old as I am.</p>
<p>—Good morning, sir, Stephen said again, bowing to his bent back.</p>
<p>He went out by the open porch and down the gravel path under the
trees, hearing the cries of voices and crack of sticks from the
playfield. The lions couchant on the pillars as he passed out through
the gate: toothless terrors. Still I will help him in his fight.
Mulligan will dub me a new name: the bullockbefriending bard.</p>
<p>—Mr Dedalus!</p>
<p>Running after me. No more letters, I hope.</p>
<p>—Just one moment.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, Stephen said, turning back at the gate.</p>
<p>Mr Deasy halted, breathing hard and swallowing his breath.</p>
<p>—I just wanted to say, he said. Ireland, they say, has the honour of
being the only country which never persecuted the jews. Do you know
that? No. And do you know why?</p>
<p>He frowned sternly on the bright air.</p>
<p>—Why, sir? Stephen asked, beginning to smile.</p>
<p>—Because she never let them in, Mr Deasy said solemnly.</p>
<p>A coughball of laughter leaped from his throat dragging after it a
rattling chain of phlegm. He turned back quickly, coughing, laughing,
his lifted arms waving to the air.</p>
<p>—She never let them in, he cried again through his laughter as he
stamped on gaitered feet over the gravel of the path. That’s why.</p>
<p>On his wise shoulders through the checkerwork of leaves the sun flung
spangles, dancing coins.</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-3.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-3.htm.html_pgepubid00005"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-3.htm.html_chap03"></span>[ 3
]</h3>
<p>Ineluctable modality of the visible: at least that if no more,
thought through my eyes. Signatures of all things I am here to read,
seaspawn and seawrack, the nearing tide, that rusty boot. Snotgreen,
bluesilver, rust: coloured signs. Limits of the diaphane. But he adds:
in bodies. Then he was aware of them bodies before of them coloured.
How? By knocking his sconce against them, sure. Go easy. Bald he was and
a millionaire, <em>maestro di color che sanno</em>. Limit of the
diaphane in. Why in? Diaphane, adiaphane. If you can put your five
fingers through it it is a gate, if not a door. Shut your eyes and
see.</p>
<p>Stephen closed his eyes to hear his boots crush crackling wrack and
shells. You are walking through it howsomever. I am, a stride at a time.
A very short space of time through very short times of space. Five, six:
the <em>nacheinander</em>. Exactly: and that is the ineluctable modality
of the audible. Open your eyes. No. Jesus! If I fell over a cliff that
beetles o’er his base, fell through the <em>nebeneinander</em>
ineluctably! I am getting on nicely in the dark. My ash sword hangs at
my side. Tap with it: they do. My two feet in his boots are at the ends
of his legs, <em>nebeneinander</em>. Sounds solid: made by the mallet of
<em>Los Demiurgos</em>. Am I walking into eternity along Sandymount
strand? Crush, crack, crick, crick. Wild sea money. Dominie Deasy kens
them a’.</p>
<p>Won’t you come to Sandymount,<br />
Madeline the mare?</p>
<p>Rhythm begins, you see. I hear. A catalectic tetrameter of iambs
marching. No, agallop: <em>deline the mare</em>.</p>
<p>Open your eyes now. I will. One moment. Has all vanished since? If I
open and am for ever in the black adiaphane. <em>Basta!</em> I will see
if I can see.</p>
<p>See now. There all the time without you: and ever shall be, world
without end.</p>
<p>They came down the steps from Leahy’s terrace prudently,
<em>Frauenzimmer</em>: and down the shelving shore flabbily, their
splayed feet sinking in the silted sand. Like me, like Algy, coming down
to our mighty mother. Number one swung lourdily her midwife’s bag, the
other’s gamp poked in the beach. From the liberties, out for the day.
Mrs Florence MacCabe, relict of the late Patk MacCabe, deeply lamented,
of Bride Street. One of her sisterhood lugged me squealing into life.
Creation from nothing. What has she in the bag? A misbirth with a
trailing navelcord, hushed in ruddy wool. The cords of all link back,
strandentwining cable of all flesh. That is why mystic monks. Will you
be as gods? Gaze in your <em>omphalos</em>. Hello. Kinch here. Put me on
to Edenville. Aleph, alpha: nought, nought, one.</p>
<p>Spouse and helpmate of Adam Kadmon: Heva, naked Eve. She had no
navel. Gaze. Belly without blemish, bulging big, a buckler of taut
vellum, no, whiteheaped corn, orient and immortal, standing from
everlasting to everlasting. Womb of sin.</p>
<p>Wombed in sin darkness I was too, made not begotten. By them, the man
with my voice and my eyes and a ghostwoman with ashes on her breath.
They clasped and sundered, did the coupler’s will. From before the ages
He willed me and now may not will me away or ever. A <em>lex eterna</em>
stays about Him. Is that then the divine substance wherein Father and
Son are consubstantial? Where is poor dear Arius to try conclusions?
Warring his life long upon the contransmagnificandjewbangtantiality.
Illstarred heresiarch! In a Greek watercloset he breathed his last:
<em>euthanasia</em>. With beaded mitre and with crozier, stalled upon
his throne, widower of a widowed see, with upstiffed
<em>omophorion</em>, with clotted hinderparts.</p>
<p>Airs romped round him, nipping and eager airs. They are coming,
waves. The whitemaned seahorses, champing, brightwindbridled, the steeds
of Mananaan.</p>
<p>I mustn’t forget his letter for the press. And after? The Ship, half
twelve. By the way go easy with that money like a good young imbecile.
Yes, I must.</p>
<p>His pace slackened. Here. Am I going to aunt Sara’s or not? My
consubstantial father’s voice. Did you see anything of your artist
brother Stephen lately? No? Sure he’s not down in Strasburg terrace with
his aunt Sally? Couldn’t he fly a bit higher than that, eh? And and and
and tell us, Stephen, how is uncle Si? O, weeping God, the things I
married into! De boys up in de hayloft. The drunken little costdrawer
and his brother, the cornet player. Highly respectable gondoliers! And
skeweyed Walter sirring his father, no less! Sir. Yes, sir. No, sir.
Jesus wept: and no wonder, by Christ!</p>
<p>I pull the wheezy bell of their shuttered cottage: and wait. They
take me for a dun, peer out from a coign of vantage.</p>
<p>—It’s Stephen, sir.</p>
<p>—Let him in. Let Stephen in.</p>
<p>A bolt drawn back and Walter welcomes me.</p>
<p>—We thought you were someone else.</p>
<p>In his broad bed nuncle Richie, pillowed and blanketed, extends over
the hillock of his knees a sturdy forearm. Cleanchested. He has washed
the upper moiety.</p>
<p>—Morrow, nephew.</p>
<p>He lays aside the lapboard whereon he drafts his bills of costs for
the eyes of master Goff and master Shapland Tandy, filing consents and
common searches and a writ of <em>Duces Tecum</em>. A bogoak frame over
his bald head: Wilde’s <em>Requiescat</em>. The drone of his misleading
whistle brings Walter back.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir?</p>
<p>—Malt for Richie and Stephen, tell mother. Where is she?</p>
<p>—Bathing Crissie, sir.</p>
<p>Papa’s little bedpal. Lump of love.</p>
<p>—No, uncle Richie...</p>
<p>—Call me Richie. Damn your lithia water. It lowers. Whusky!</p>
<p>—Uncle Richie, really...</p>
<p>—Sit down or by the law Harry I’ll knock you down.</p>
<p>Walter squints vainly for a chair.</p>
<p>—He has nothing to sit down on, sir.</p>
<p>—He has nowhere to put it, you mug. Bring in our chippendale chair.
Would you like a bite of something? None of your damned lawdeedaw airs
here. The rich of a rasher fried with a herring? Sure? So much the
better. We have nothing in the house but backache pills.</p>
<p><em>All’erta!</em></p>
<p>He drones bars of Ferrando’s <em>aria di sortita</em>. The grandest
number, Stephen, in the whole opera. Listen.</p>
<p>His tuneful whistle sounds again, finely shaded, with rushes of the
air, his fists bigdrumming on his padded knees.</p>
<p>This wind is sweeter.</p>
<p>Houses of decay, mine, his and all. You told the Clongowes gentry you
had an uncle a judge and an uncle a general in the army. Come out of
them, Stephen. Beauty is not there. Nor in the stagnant bay of Marsh’s
library where you read the fading prophecies of Joachim Abbas. For whom?
The hundredheaded rabble of the cathedral close. A hater of his kind ran
from them to the wood of madness, his mane foaming in the moon, his
eyeballs stars. Houyhnhnm, horsenostrilled. The oval equine faces,
Temple, Buck Mulligan, Foxy Campbell, Lanternjaws. Abbas father, furious
dean, what offence laid fire to their brains? Paff! <em>Descende, calve,
ut ne nimium decalveris</em>. A garland of grey hair on his comminated
head see him me clambering down to the footpace (<em>descende!</em>),
clutching a monstrance, basiliskeyed. Get down, baldpoll! A choir gives
back menace and echo, assisting about the altar’s horns, the snorted
Latin of jackpriests moving burly in their albs, tonsured and oiled and
gelded, fat with the fat of kidneys of wheat.</p>
<p>And at the same instant perhaps a priest round the corner is
elevating it. Dringdring! And two streets off another locking it into a
pyx. Dringadring! And in a ladychapel another taking housel all to his
own cheek. Dringdring! Down, up, forward, back. Dan Occam thought of
that, invincible doctor. A misty English morning the imp hypostasis
tickled his brain. Bringing his host down and kneeling he heard twine
with his second bell the first bell in the transept (he is lifting his)
and, rising, heard (now I am lifting) their two bells (he is kneeling)
twang in diphthong.</p>
<p>Cousin Stephen, you will never be a saint. Isle of saints. You were
awfully holy, weren’t you? You prayed to the Blessed Virgin that you
might not have a red nose. You prayed to the devil in Serpentine avenue
that the fubsy widow in front might lift her clothes still more from the
wet street. <em>O si, certo!</em> Sell your soul for that, do, dyed rags
pinned round a squaw. More tell me, more still! On the top of the Howth
tram alone crying to the rain: <em>Naked women! Naked women!</em> What
about that, eh?</p>
<p>What about what? What else were they invented for?</p>
<p>Reading two pages apiece of seven books every night, eh? I was young.
You bowed to yourself in the mirror, stepping forward to applause
earnestly, striking face. Hurray for the Goddamned idiot! Hray! No-one
saw: tell no-one. Books you were going to write with letters for titles.
Have you read his F? O yes, but I prefer Q. Yes, but W is wonderful. O
yes, W. Remember your epiphanies written on green oval leaves, deeply
deep, copies to be sent if you died to all the great libraries of the
world, including Alexandria? Someone was to read them there after a few
thousand years, a mahamanvantara. Pico della Mirandola like. Ay, very
like a whale. When one reads these strange pages of one long gone one
feels that one is at one with one who once...</p>
<p>The grainy sand had gone from under his feet. His boots trod again a
damp crackling mast, razorshells, squeaking pebbles, that on the
unnumbered pebbles beats, wood sieved by the shipworm, lost Armada.
Unwholesome sandflats waited to suck his treading soles, breathing
upward sewage breath, a pocket of seaweed smouldered in seafire under a
midden of man’s ashes. He coasted them, walking warily. A porterbottle
stood up, stogged to its waist, in the cakey sand dough. A sentinel:
isle of dreadful thirst. Broken hoops on the shore; at the land a maze
of dark cunning nets; farther away chalkscrawled backdoors and on the
higher beach a dryingline with two crucified shirts. Ringsend: wigwams
of brown steersmen and master mariners. Human shells.</p>
<p>He halted. I have passed the way to aunt Sara’s. Am I not going
there? Seems not. No-one about. He turned northeast and crossed the
firmer sand towards the Pigeonhouse.</p>
<p><em>—Qui vous a mis dans cette fichue position?</em></p>
<p><em>—C’est le pigeon, Joseph.</em></p>
<p>Patrice, home on furlough, lapped warm milk with me in the bar
MacMahon. Son of the wild goose, Kevin Egan of Paris. My father’s a
bird, he lapped the sweet <em>lait chaud</em> with pink young tongue,
plump bunny’s face. Lap, <em>lapin.</em> He hopes to win in the <em>gros
lots</em>. About the nature of women he read in Michelet. But he must
send me <em>La Vie de Jésus</em> by M. Léo Taxil. Lent it to his
friend.</p>
<p><em>—C’est tordant, vous savez. Moi, je suis socialiste. Je ne crois
pas en l’existence de Dieu. Faut pas le dire à mon père.</em></p>
<p><em>—Il croit?</em></p>
<p><em>—Mon père, oui.</em></p>
<p><em>Schluss</em>. He laps.</p>
<p>My Latin quarter hat. God, we simply must dress the character. I want
puce gloves. You were a student, weren’t you? Of what in the other
devil’s name? Paysayenn. P. C. N., you know: <em>physiques, chimiques et
naturelles</em>. Aha. Eating your groatsworth of <em>mou en civet</em>,
fleshpots of Egypt, elbowed by belching cabmen. Just say in the most
natural tone: when I was in Paris; <em>boul’ Mich’</em>, I used to. Yes,
used to carry punched tickets to prove an alibi if they arrested you for
murder somewhere. Justice. On the night of the seventeenth of February
1904 the prisoner was seen by two witnesses. Other fellow did it: other
me. Hat, tie, overcoat, nose. <em>Lui, c’est moi</em>. You seem to have
enjoyed yourself.</p>
<p>Proudly walking. Whom were you trying to walk like? Forget: a
dispossessed. With mother’s money order, eight shillings, the banging
door of the post office slammed in your face by the usher. Hunger
toothache. <em>Encore deux minutes</em>. Look clock. Must get.
<em>Fermé</em>. Hired dog! Shoot him to bloody bits with a bang shotgun,
bits man spattered walls all brass buttons. Bits all khrrrrklak in place
clack back. Not hurt? O, that’s all right. Shake hands. See what I
meant, see? O, that’s all right. Shake a shake. O, that’s all only all
right.</p>
<p>You were going to do wonders, what? Missionary to Europe after fiery
Columbanus. Fiacre and Scotus on their creepystools in heaven spilt from
their pintpots, loudlatinlaughing: <em>Euge! Euge!</em> Pretending to
speak broken English as you dragged your valise, porter threepence,
across the slimy pier at Newhaven. <em>Comment?</em> Rich booty you
brought back; <em>Le Tutu</em>, five tattered numbers of <em>Pantalon
Blanc et Culotte Rouge</em>; a blue French telegram, curiosity to
show:</p>
<p>—Mother dying come home father.</p>
<p>The aunt thinks you killed your mother. That’s why she won’t.</p>
<p>Then here’s a health to Mulligan’s aunt<br />
And I’ll tell you the reason why.<br />
She always kept things decent in<br />
The Hannigan famileye.</p>
<p>His feet marched in sudden proud rhythm over the sand furrows, along
by the boulders of the south wall. He stared at them proudly, piled
stone mammoth skulls. Gold light on sea, on sand, on boulders. The sun
is there, the slender trees, the lemon houses.</p>
<p>Paris rawly waking, crude sunlight on her lemon streets. Moist pith
of farls of bread, the froggreen wormwood, her matin incense, court the
air. Belluomo rises from the bed of his wife’s lover’s wife, the
kerchiefed housewife is astir, a saucer of acetic acid in her hand. In
Rodot’s Yvonne and Madeleine newmake their tumbled beauties, shattering
with gold teeth <em>chaussons</em> of pastry, their mouths yellowed with
the <em>pus</em> of <em>flan bréton</em>. Faces of Paris men go by,
their wellpleased pleasers, curled conquistadores.</p>
<p>Noon slumbers. Kevin Egan rolls gunpowder cigarettes through fingers
smeared with printer’s ink, sipping his green fairy as Patrice his
white. About us gobblers fork spiced beans down their gullets. <em>Un
demi sétier!</em> A jet of coffee steam from the burnished caldron. She
serves me at his beck. <em>Il est irlandais. Hollandais? Non fromage.
Deux irlandais, nous, Irlande, vous savez ah, oui!</em> She thought you
wanted a cheese <em>hollandais</em>. Your postprandial, do you know that
word? Postprandial. There was a fellow I knew once in Barcelona, queer
fellow, used to call it his postprandial. Well: <em>slainte!</em> Around
the slabbed tables the tangle of wined breaths and grumbling gorges. His
breath hangs over our saucestained plates, the green fairy’s fang
thrusting between his lips. Of Ireland, the Dalcassians, of hopes,
conspiracies, of Arthur Griffith now, A E, pimander, good shepherd of
men. To yoke me as his yokefellow, our crimes our common cause. You’re
your father’s son. I know the voice. His fustian shirt,
sanguineflowered, trembles its Spanish tassels at his secrets. M.
Drumont, famous journalist, Drumont, know what he called queen Victoria?
Old hag with the yellow teeth. <em>Vieille ogresse</em> with the
<em>dents jaunes</em>. Maud Gonne, beautiful woman, <em>La Patrie</em>,
M. Millevoye, Félix Faure, know how he died? Licentious men. The
froeken, <em>bonne à tout faire</em>, who rubs male nakedness in the
bath at Upsala. <em>Moi faire</em>, she said, <em>Tous les
messieurs</em>. Not this <em>Monsieur</em>, I said. Most licentious
custom. Bath a most private thing. I wouldn’t let my brother, not even
my own brother, most lascivious thing. Green eyes, I see you. Fang, I
feel. Lascivious people.</p>
<p>The blue fuse burns deadly between hands and burns clear. Loose
tobaccoshreds catch fire: a flame and acrid smoke light our corner. Raw
facebones under his peep of day boy’s hat. How the head centre got away,
authentic version. Got up as a young bride, man, veil, orangeblossoms,
drove out the road to Malahide. Did, faith. Of lost leaders, the
betrayed, wild escapes. Disguises, clutched at, gone, not here.</p>
<p>Spurned lover. I was a strapping young gossoon at that time, I tell
you. I’ll show you my likeness one day. I was, faith. Lover, for her
love he prowled with colonel Richard Burke, tanist of his sept, under
the walls of Clerkenwell and, crouching, saw a flame of vengeance hurl
them upward in the fog. Shattered glass and toppling masonry. In gay
Paree he hides, Egan of Paris, unsought by any save by me. Making his
day’s stations, the dingy printingcase, his three taverns, the
Montmartre lair he sleeps short night in, rue de la Goutte-d’Or,
damascened with flyblown faces of the gone. Loveless, landless,
wifeless. She is quite nicey comfy without her outcast man, madame in
rue Gît-le-Cœur, canary and two buck lodgers. Peachy cheeks, a zebra
skirt, frisky as a young thing’s. Spurned and undespairing. Tell Pat you
saw me, won’t you? I wanted to get poor Pat a job one time. <em>Mon
fils</em>, soldier of France. I taught him to sing <em>The boys of
Kilkenny are stout roaring blades</em>. Know that old lay? I taught
Patrice that. Old Kilkenny: saint Canice, Strongbow’s castle on the
Nore. Goes like this. <em>O, O</em>. He takes me, Napper Tandy, by the
hand.</p>
<p>O, O the boys of<br />
Kilkenny...</p>
<p>Weak wasting hand on mine. They have forgotten Kevin Egan, not he
them. Remembering thee, O Sion.</p>
<p>He had come nearer the edge of the sea and wet sand slapped his
boots. The new air greeted him, harping in wild nerves, wind of wild air
of seeds of brightness. Here, I am not walking out to the Kish
lightship, am I? He stood suddenly, his feet beginning to sink slowly in
the quaking soil. Turn back.</p>
<p>Turning, he scanned the shore south, his feet sinking again slowly in
new sockets. The cold domed room of the tower waits. Through the
barbacans the shafts of light are moving ever, slowly ever as my feet
are sinking, creeping duskward over the dial floor. Blue dusk,
nightfall, deep blue night. In the darkness of the dome they wait, their
pushedback chairs, my obelisk valise, around a board of abandoned
platters. Who to clear it? He has the key. I will not sleep there when
this night comes. A shut door of a silent tower, entombing their blind
bodies, the panthersahib and his pointer. Call: no answer. He lifted his
feet up from the suck and turned back by the mole of boulders. Take all,
keep all. My soul walks with me, form of forms. So in the moon’s
midwatches I pace the path above the rocks, in sable silvered, hearing
Elsinore’s tempting flood.</p>
<p>The flood is following me. I can watch it flow past from here. Get
back then by the Poolbeg road to the strand there. He climbed over the
sedge and eely oarweeds and sat on a stool of rock, resting his ashplant
in a grike.</p>
<p>A bloated carcass of a dog lay lolled on bladderwrack. Before him the
gunwale of a boat, sunk in sand. <em>Un coche ensablé</em> Louis
Veuillot called Gautier’s prose. These heavy sands are language tide and
wind have silted here. And these, the stoneheaps of dead builders, a
warren of weasel rats. Hide gold there. Try it. You have some. Sands and
stones. Heavy of the past. Sir Lout’s toys. Mind you don’t get one bang
on the ear. I’m the bloody well gigant rolls all them bloody well
boulders, bones for my steppingstones. Feefawfum. I zmellz de bloodz odz
an Iridzman.</p>
<p>A point, live dog, grew into sight running across the sweep of sand.
Lord, is he going to attack me? Respect his liberty. You will not be
master of others or their slave. I have my stick. Sit tight. From
farther away, walking shoreward across from the crested tide, figures,
two. The two maries. They have tucked it safe mong the bulrushes.
Peekaboo. I see you. No, the dog. He is running back to them. Who?</p>
<p>Galleys of the Lochlanns ran here to beach, in quest of prey, their
bloodbeaked prows riding low on a molten pewter surf. Dane vikings,
torcs of tomahawks aglitter on their breasts when Malachi wore the
collar of gold. A school of turlehide whales stranded in hot noon,
spouting, hobbling in the shallows. Then from the starving cagework city
a horde of jerkined dwarfs, my people, with flayers’ knives, running,
scaling, hacking in green blubbery whalemeat. Famine, plague and
slaughters. Their blood is in me, their lusts my waves. I moved among
them on the frozen Liffey, that I, a changeling, among the spluttering
resin fires. I spoke to no-one: none to me.</p>
<p>The dog’s bark ran towards him, stopped, ran back. Dog of my enemy. I
just simply stood pale, silent, bayed about. <em>Terribilia
meditans</em>. A primrose doublet, fortune’s knave, smiled on my fear.
For that are you pining, the bark of their applause? Pretenders: live
their lives. The Bruce’s brother, Thomas Fitzgerald, silken knight,
Perkin Warbeck, York’s false scion, in breeches of silk of whiterose
ivory, wonder of a day, and Lambert Simnel, with a tail of nans and
sutlers, a scullion crowned. All kings’ sons. Paradise of pretenders
then and now. He saved men from drowning and you shake at a cur’s
yelping. But the courtiers who mocked Guido in Or san Michele were in
their own house. House of... We don’t want any of your medieval
abstrusiosities. Would you do what he did? A boat would be near, a
lifebuoy. <em>Natürlich</em>, put there for you. Would you or would you
not? The man that was drowned nine days ago off Maiden’s rock. They are
waiting for him now. The truth, spit it out. I would want to. I would
try. I am not a strong swimmer. Water cold soft. When I put my face into
it in the basin at Clongowes. Can’t see! Who’s behind me? Out quickly,
quickly! Do you see the tide flowing quickly in on all sides, sheeting
the lows of sand quickly, shellcocoacoloured? If I had land under my
feet. I want his life still to be his, mine to be mine. A drowning man.
His human eyes scream to me out of horror of his death. I... With him
together down... I could not save her. Waters: bitter death: lost.</p>
<p>A woman and a man. I see her skirties. Pinned up, I bet.</p>
<p>Their dog ambled about a bank of dwindling sand, trotting, sniffing
on all sides. Looking for something lost in a past life. Suddenly he
made off like a bounding hare, ears flung back, chasing the shadow of a
lowskimming gull. The man’s shrieked whistle struck his limp ears. He
turned, bounded back, came nearer, trotted on twinkling shanks. On a
field tenney a buck, trippant, proper, unattired. At the lacefringe of
the tide he halted with stiff forehoofs, seawardpointed ears. His snout
lifted barked at the wavenoise, herds of seamorse. They serpented
towards his feet, curling, unfurling many crests, every ninth, breaking,
plashing, from far, from farther out, waves and waves.</p>
<p>Cocklepickers. They waded a little way in the water and, stooping,
soused their bags and, lifting them again, waded out. The dog yelped
running to them, reared up and pawed them, dropping on all fours, again
reared up at them with mute bearish fawning. Unheeded he kept by them as
they came towards the drier sand, a rag of wolf’s tongue redpanting from
his jaws. His speckled body ambled ahead of them and then loped off at a
calf’s gallop. The carcass lay on his path. He stopped, sniffed, stalked
round it, brother, nosing closer, went round it, sniffling rapidly like
a dog all over the dead dog’s bedraggled fell. Dogskull, dogsniff, eyes
on the ground, moves to one great goal. Ah, poor dogsbody! Here lies
poor dogsbody’s body.</p>
<p>—Tatters! Out of that, you mongrel!</p>
<p>The cry brought him skulking back to his master and a blunt bootless
kick sent him unscathed across a spit of sand, crouched in flight. He
slunk back in a curve. Doesn’t see me. Along by the edge of the mole he
lolloped, dawdled, smelt a rock and from under a cocked hindleg pissed
against it. He trotted forward and, lifting again his hindleg, pissed
quick short at an unsmelt rock. The simple pleasures of the poor. His
hindpaws then scattered the sand: then his forepaws dabbled and delved.
Something he buried there, his grandmother. He rooted in the sand,
dabbling, delving and stopped to listen to the air, scraped up the sand
again with a fury of his claws, soon ceasing, a pard, a panther, got in
spousebreach, vulturing the dead.</p>
<p>After he woke me last night same dream or was it? Wait. Open hallway.
Street of harlots. Remember. Haroun al Raschid. I am almosting it. That
man led me, spoke. I was not afraid. The melon he had he held against my
face. Smiled: creamfruit smell. That was the rule, said. In. Come. Red
carpet spread. You will see who.</p>
<p>Shouldering their bags they trudged, the red Egyptians. His blued
feet out of turnedup trousers slapped the clammy sand, a dull brick
muffler strangling his unshaven neck. With woman steps she followed: the
ruffian and his strolling mort. Spoils slung at her back. Loose sand and
shellgrit crusted her bare feet. About her windraw face hair trailed.
Behind her lord, his helpmate, bing awast to Romeville. When night hides
her body’s flaws calling under her brown shawl from an archway where
dogs have mired. Her fancyman is treating two Royal Dublins in
O’Loughlin’s of Blackpitts. Buss her, wap in rogues’ rum lingo, for, O,
my dimber wapping dell! A shefiend’s whiteness under her rancid rags.
Fumbally’s lane that night: the tanyard smells.</p>
<p>White thy fambles, red thy gan<br />
And thy quarrons dainty is.<br />
Couch a hogshead with me then.<br />
In the darkmans clip and kiss.</p>
<p>Morose delectation Aquinas tunbelly calls this, <em>frate
porcospino</em>. Unfallen Adam rode and not rutted. Call away let him:
<em>thy quarrons dainty is</em>. Language no whit worse than his.
Monkwords, marybeads jabber on their girdles: roguewords, tough nuggets
patter in their pockets.</p>
<p>Passing now.</p>
<p>A side eye at my Hamlet hat. If I were suddenly naked here as I sit?
I am not. Across the sands of all the world, followed by the sun’s
flaming sword, to the west, trekking to evening lands. She trudges,
schlepps, trains, drags, trascines her load. A tide westering,
moondrawn, in her wake. Tides, myriadislanded, within her, blood not
mine, <em>oinopa ponton</em>, a winedark sea. Behold the handmaid of the
moon. In sleep the wet sign calls her hour, bids her rise. Bridebed,
childbed, bed of death, ghostcandled. <em>Omnis caro ad te veniet</em>.
He comes, pale vampire, through storm his eyes, his bat sails bloodying
the sea, mouth to her mouth’s kiss.</p>
<p>Here. Put a pin in that chap, will you? My tablets. Mouth to her
kiss. No. Must be two of em. Glue em well. Mouth to her mouth’s
kiss.</p>
<p>His lips lipped and mouthed fleshless lips of air: mouth to her
moomb. Oomb, allwombing tomb. His mouth moulded issuing breath,
unspeeched: ooeeehah: roar of cataractic planets, globed, blazing,
roaring wayawayawayawayaway. Paper. The banknotes, blast them. Old
Deasy’s letter. Here. Thanking you for the hospitality tear the blank
end off. Turning his back to the sun he bent over far to a table of rock
and scribbled words. That’s twice I forgot to take slips from the
library counter.</p>
<p>His shadow lay over the rocks as he bent, ending. Why not endless
till the farthest star? Darkly they are there behind this light,
darkness shining in the brightness, delta of Cassiopeia, worlds. Me sits
there with his augur’s rod of ash, in borrowed sandals, by day beside a
livid sea, unbeheld, in violet night walking beneath a reign of uncouth
stars. I throw this ended shadow from me, manshape ineluctable, call it
back. Endless, would it be mine, form of my form? Who watches me here?
Who ever anywhere will read these written words? Signs on a white field.
Somewhere to someone in your flutiest voice. The good bishop of Cloyne
took the veil of the temple out of his shovel hat: veil of space with
coloured emblems hatched on its field. Hold hard. Coloured on a flat:
yes, that’s right. Flat I see, then think distance, near, far, flat I
see, east, back. Ah, see now! Falls back suddenly, frozen in
stereoscope. Click does the trick. You find my words dark. Darkness is
in our souls do you not think? Flutier. Our souls, shamewounded by our
sins, cling to us yet more, a woman to her lover clinging, the more the
more.</p>
<p>She trusts me, her hand gentle, the longlashed eyes. Now where the
blue hell am I bringing her beyond the veil? Into the ineluctable
modality of the ineluctable visuality. She, she, she. What she? The
virgin at Hodges Figgis’ window on Monday looking in for one of the
alphabet books you were going to write. Keen glance you gave her. Wrist
through the braided jesse of her sunshade. She lives in Leeson park with
a grief and kickshaws, a lady of letters. Talk that to someone else,
Stevie: a pickmeup. Bet she wears those curse of God stays suspenders
and yellow stockings, darned with lumpy wool. Talk about apple
dumplings, <em>piuttosto</em>. Where are your wits?</p>
<p>Touch me. Soft eyes. Soft soft soft hand. I am lonely here. O, touch
me soon, now. What is that word known to all men? I am quiet here alone.
Sad too. Touch, touch me.</p>
<p>He lay back at full stretch over the sharp rocks, cramming the
scribbled note and pencil into a pocket, his hat tilted down on his
eyes. That is Kevin Egan’s movement I made, nodding for his nap, sabbath
sleep. <em>Et vidit Deus. Et erant valde bona</em>. Alo!
<em>Bonjour</em>. Welcome as the flowers in May. Under its leaf he
watched through peacocktwittering lashes the southing sun. I am caught
in this burning scene. Pan’s hour, the faunal noon. Among gumheavy
serpentplants, milkoozing fruits, where on the tawny waters leaves lie
wide. Pain is far.</p>
<p>And no more turn aside and brood.</p>
<p>His gaze brooded on his broadtoed boots, a buck’s castoffs,
<em>nebeneinander</em>. He counted the creases of rucked leather wherein
another’s foot had nested warm. The foot that beat the ground in
tripudium, foot I dislove. But you were delighted when Esther Osvalt’s
shoe went on you: girl I knew in Paris. <em>Tiens, quel petit pied!</em>
Staunch friend, a brother soul: Wilde’s love that dare not speak its
name. His arm: Cranly’s arm. He now will leave me. And the blame? As I
am. As I am. All or not at all.</p>
<p>In long lassoes from the Cock lake the water flowed full, covering
greengoldenly lagoons of sand, rising, flowing. My ashplant will float
away. I shall wait. No, they will pass on, passing, chafing against the
low rocks, swirling, passing. Better get this job over quick. Listen: a
fourworded wavespeech: seesoo, hrss, rsseeiss, ooos. Vehement breath of
waters amid seasnakes, rearing horses, rocks. In cups of rocks it slops:
flop, slop, slap: bounded in barrels. And, spent, its speech ceases. It
flows purling, widely flowing, floating foampool, flower unfurling.</p>
<p>Under the upswelling tide he saw the writhing weeds lift languidly
and sway reluctant arms, hising up their petticoats, in whispering water
swaying and upturning coy silver fronds. Day by day: night by night:
lifted, flooded and let fall. Lord, they are weary; and, whispered to,
they sigh. Saint Ambrose heard it, sigh of leaves and waves, waiting,
awaiting the fullness of their times, <em>diebus ac noctibus iniurias
patiens ingemiscit</em>. To no end gathered; vainly then released,
forthflowing, wending back: loom of the moon. Weary too in sight of
lovers, lascivious men, a naked woman shining in her courts, she draws a
toil of waters.</p>
<p>Five fathoms out there. Full fathom five thy father lies. At one, he
said. Found drowned. High water at Dublin bar. Driving before it a loose
drift of rubble, fanshoals of fishes, silly shells. A corpse rising
saltwhite from the undertow, bobbing a pace a pace a porpoise landward.
There he is. Hook it quick. Pull. Sunk though he be beneath the watery
floor. We have him. Easy now.</p>
<p>Bag of corpsegas sopping in foul brine. A quiver of minnows, fat of a
spongy titbit, flash through the slits of his buttoned trouserfly. God
becomes man becomes fish becomes barnacle goose becomes featherbed
mountain. Dead breaths I living breathe, tread dead dust, devour a
urinous offal from all dead. Hauled stark over the gunwale he breathes
upward the stench of his green grave, his leprous nosehole snoring to
the sun.</p>
<p>A seachange this, brown eyes saltblue. Seadeath, mildest of all
deaths known to man. Old Father Ocean. <em>Prix de Paris</em>: beware of
imitations. Just you give it a fair trial. We enjoyed ourselves
immensely.</p>
<p>Come. I thirst. Clouding over. No black clouds anywhere, are there?
Thunderstorm. Allbright he falls, proud lightning of the intellect,
<em>Lucifer, dico, qui nescit occasum</em>. No. My cockle hat and staff
and hismy sandal shoon. Where? To evening lands. Evening will find
itself.</p>
<p>He took the hilt of his ashplant, lunging with it softly, dallying
still. Yes, evening will find itself in me, without me. All days make
their end. By the way next when is it Tuesday will be the longest day.
Of all the glad new year, mother, the rum tum tiddledy tum. Lawn
Tennyson, gentleman poet. <em>Già</em>. For the old hag with the yellow
teeth. And Monsieur Drumont, gentleman journalist. <em>Già</em>. My
teeth are very bad. Why, I wonder. Feel. That one is going too. Shells.
Ought I go to a dentist, I wonder, with that money? That one. This.
Toothless Kinch, the superman. Why is that, I wonder, or does it mean
something perhaps?</p>
<p>My handkerchief. He threw it. I remember. Did I not take it up?</p>
<p>His hand groped vainly in his pockets. No, I didn’t. Better buy
one.</p>
<p>He laid the dry snot picked from his nostril on a ledge of rock,
carefully. For the rest let look who will.</p>
<p>Behind. Perhaps there is someone.</p>
<p>He turned his face over a shoulder, rere regardant. Moving through
the air high spars of a threemaster, her sails brailed up on the
crosstrees, homing, upstream, silently moving, a silent ship.</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_pgepubid00006"
class="chapter">
<h2><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_part02"></span>— II
—</h2>
</section>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_pgepubid00007"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-4.htm.html_chap04"></span>[ 4
]</h3>
<p>Mr Leopold Bloom ate with relish the inner organs of beasts and
fowls. He liked thick giblet soup, nutty gizzards, a stuffed roast
heart, liverslices fried with crustcrumbs, fried hencods’ roes. Most of
all he liked grilled mutton kidneys which gave to his palate a fine tang
of faintly scented urine.</p>
<p>Kidneys were in his mind as he moved about the kitchen softly,
righting her breakfast things on the humpy tray. Gelid light and air
were in the kitchen but out of doors gentle summer morning everywhere.
Made him feel a bit peckish.</p>
<p>The coals were reddening.</p>
<p>Another slice of bread and butter: three, four: right. She didn’t
like her plate full. Right. He turned from the tray, lifted the kettle
off the hob and set it sideways on the fire. It sat there, dull and
squat, its spout stuck out. Cup of tea soon. Good. Mouth dry. The cat
walked stiffly round a leg of the table with tail on high.</p>
<p>—Mkgnao!</p>
<p>—O, there you are, Mr Bloom said, turning from the fire.</p>
<p>The cat mewed in answer and stalked again stiffly round a leg of the
table, mewing. Just how she stalks over my writingtable. Prr. Scratch my
head. Prr.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom watched curiously, kindly the lithe black form. Clean to
see: the gloss of her sleek hide, the white button under the butt of her
tail, the green flashing eyes. He bent down to her, his hands on his
knees.</p>
<p>—Milk for the pussens, he said.</p>
<p>—Mrkgnao! the cat cried.</p>
<p>They call them stupid. They understand what we say better than we
understand them. She understands all she wants to. Vindictive too.
Cruel. Her nature. Curious mice never squeal. Seem to like it. Wonder
what I look like to her. Height of a tower? No, she can jump me.</p>
<p>—Afraid of the chickens she is, he said mockingly. Afraid of the
chookchooks. I never saw such a stupid pussens as the pussens.</p>
<p>—Mrkrgnao! the cat said loudly.</p>
<p>She blinked up out of her avid shameclosing eyes, mewing plaintively
and long, showing him her milkwhite teeth. He watched the dark eyeslits
narrowing with greed till her eyes were green stones. Then he went to
the dresser, took the jug Hanlon’s milkman had just filled for him,
poured warmbubbled milk on a saucer and set it slowly on the floor.</p>
<p>—Gurrhr! she cried, running to lap.</p>
<p>He watched the bristles shining wirily in the weak light as she
tipped three times and licked lightly. Wonder is it true if you clip
them they can’t mouse after. Why? They shine in the dark, perhaps, the
tips. Or kind of feelers in the dark, perhaps.</p>
<p>He listened to her licking lap. Ham and eggs, no. No good eggs with
this drouth. Want pure fresh water. Thursday: not a good day either for
a mutton kidney at Buckley’s. Fried with butter, a shake of pepper.
Better a pork kidney at Dlugacz’s. While the kettle is boiling. She
lapped slower, then licking the saucer clean. Why are their tongues so
rough? To lap better, all porous holes. Nothing she can eat? He glanced
round him. No.</p>
<p>On quietly creaky boots he went up the staircase to the hall, paused
by the bedroom door. She might like something tasty. Thin bread and
butter she likes in the morning. Still perhaps: once in a way.</p>
<p>He said softly in the bare hall:</p>
<p>—I’m going round the corner. Be back in a minute.</p>
<p>And when he had heard his voice say it he added:</p>
<p>—You don’t want anything for breakfast?</p>
<p>A sleepy soft grunt answered:</p>
<p>—Mn.</p>
<p>No. She didn’t want anything. He heard then a warm heavy sigh,
softer, as she turned over and the loose brass quoits of the bedstead
jingled. Must get those settled really. Pity. All the way from
Gibraltar. Forgotten any little Spanish she knew. Wonder what her father
gave for it. Old style. Ah yes! of course. Bought it at the governor’s
auction. Got a short knock. Hard as nails at a bargain, old Tweedy. Yes,
sir. At Plevna that was. I rose from the ranks, sir, and I’m proud of
it. Still he had brains enough to make that corner in stamps. Now that
was farseeing.</p>
<p>His hand took his hat from the peg over his initialled heavy overcoat
and his lost property office secondhand waterproof. Stamps: stickyback
pictures. Daresay lots of officers are in the swim too. Course they do.
The sweated legend in the crown of his hat told him mutely: Plasto’s
high grade ha. He peeped quickly inside the leather headband. White slip
of paper. Quite safe.</p>
<p>On the doorstep he felt in his hip pocket for the latchkey. Not
there. In the trousers I left off. Must get it. Potato I have. Creaky
wardrobe. No use disturbing her. She turned over sleepily that time. He
pulled the halldoor to after him very quietly, more, till the footleaf
dropped gently over the threshold, a limp lid. Looked shut. All right
till I come back anyhow.</p>
<p>He crossed to the bright side, avoiding the loose cellarflap of
number seventyfive. The sun was nearing the steeple of George’s church.
Be a warm day I fancy. Specially in these black clothes feel it more.
Black conducts, reflects, (refracts is it?), the heat. But I couldn’t go
in that light suit. Make a picnic of it. His eyelids sank quietly often
as he walked in happy warmth. Boland’s breadvan delivering with trays
our daily but she prefers yesterday’s loaves turnovers crisp crowns hot.
Makes you feel young. Somewhere in the east: early morning: set off at
dawn. Travel round in front of the sun, steal a day’s march on him. Keep
it up for ever never grow a day older technically. Walk along a strand,
strange land, come to a city gate, sentry there, old ranker too, old
Tweedy’s big moustaches, leaning on a long kind of a spear. Wander
through awned streets. Turbaned faces going by. Dark caves of carpet
shops, big man, Turko the terrible, seated crosslegged, smoking a coiled
pipe. Cries of sellers in the streets. Drink water scented with fennel,
sherbet. Dander along all day. Might meet a robber or two. Well, meet
him. Getting on to sundown. The shadows of the mosques among the
pillars: priest with a scroll rolled up. A shiver of the trees, signal,
the evening wind. I pass on. Fading gold sky. A mother watches me from
her doorway. She calls her children home in their dark language. High
wall: beyond strings twanged. Night sky, moon, violet, colour of Molly’s
new garters. Strings. Listen. A girl playing one of those instruments
what do you call them: dulcimers. I pass.</p>
<p>Probably not a bit like it really. Kind of stuff you read: in the
track of the sun. Sunburst on the titlepage. He smiled, pleasing
himself. What Arthur Griffith said about the headpiece over the
<em>Freeman</em> leader: a homerule sun rising up in the northwest from
the laneway behind the bank of Ireland. He prolonged his pleased smile.
Ikey touch that: homerule sun rising up in the northwest.</p>
<p>He approached Larry O’Rourke’s. From the cellar grating floated up
the flabby gush of porter. Through the open doorway the bar squirted out
whiffs of ginger, teadust, biscuitmush. Good house, however: just the
end of the city traffic. For instance M’Auley’s down there: n. g. as
position. Of course if they ran a tramline along the North Circular from
the cattlemarket to the quays value would go up like a shot.</p>
<p>Baldhead over the blind. Cute old codger. No use canvassing him for
an ad. Still he knows his own business best. There he is, sure enough,
my bold Larry, leaning against the sugarbin in his shirtsleeves watching
the aproned curate swab up with mop and bucket. Simon Dedalus takes him
off to a tee with his eyes screwed up. Do you know what I’m going to
tell you? What’s that, Mr O’Rourke? Do you know what? The Russians,
they’d only be an eight o’clock breakfast for the Japanese.</p>
<p>Stop and say a word: about the funeral perhaps. Sad thing about poor
Dignam, Mr O’Rourke.</p>
<p>Turning into Dorset street he said freshly in greeting through the
doorway:</p>
<p>—Good day, Mr O’Rourke.</p>
<p>—Good day to you.</p>
<p>—Lovely weather, sir.</p>
<p>—’Tis all that.</p>
<p>Where do they get the money? Coming up redheaded curates from the
county Leitrim, rinsing empties and old man in the cellar. Then, lo and
behold, they blossom out as Adam Findlaters or Dan Tallons. Then think
of the competition. General thirst. Good puzzle would be cross Dublin
without passing a pub. Save it they can’t. Off the drunks perhaps. Put
down three and carry five. What is that, a bob here and there, dribs and
drabs. On the wholesale orders perhaps. Doing a double shuffle with the
town travellers. Square it you with the boss and we’ll split the job,
see?</p>
<p>How much would that tot to off the porter in the month? Say ten
barrels of stuff. Say he got ten per cent off. O more. Fifteen. He
passed Saint Joseph’s National school. Brats’ clamour. Windows open.
Fresh air helps memory. Or a lilt. Ahbeesee defeegee kelomen opeecue
rustyouvee doubleyou. Boys are they? Yes. Inishturk. Inishark.
Inishboffin. At their joggerfry. Mine. Slieve Bloom.</p>
<p>He halted before Dlugacz’s window, staring at the hanks of sausages,
polonies, black and white. Fifteen multiplied by. The figures whitened
in his mind, unsolved: displeased, he let them fade. The shiny links,
packed with forcemeat, fed his gaze and he breathed in tranquilly the
lukewarm breath of cooked spicy pigs’ blood.</p>
<p>A kidney oozed bloodgouts on the willowpatterned dish: the last. He
stood by the nextdoor girl at the counter. Would she buy it too, calling
the items from a slip in her hand? Chapped: washingsoda. And a pound and
a half of Denny’s sausages. His eyes rested on her vigorous hips. Woods
his name is. Wonder what he does. Wife is oldish. New blood. No
followers allowed. Strong pair of arms. Whacking a carpet on the
clothesline. She does whack it, by George. The way her crooked skirt
swings at each whack.</p>
<p>The ferreteyed porkbutcher folded the sausages he had snipped off
with blotchy fingers, sausagepink. Sound meat there: like a stallfed
heifer.</p>
<p>He took a page up from the pile of cut sheets: the model farm at
Kinnereth on the lakeshore of Tiberias. Can become ideal winter
sanatorium. Moses Montefiore. I thought he was. Farmhouse, wall round
it, blurred cattle cropping. He held the page from him: interesting:
read it nearer, the title, the blurred cropping cattle, the page
rustling. A young white heifer. Those mornings in the cattlemarket, the
beasts lowing in their pens, branded sheep, flop and fall of dung, the
breeders in hobnailed boots trudging through the litter, slapping a palm
on a ripemeated hindquarter, there’s a prime one, unpeeled switches in
their hands. He held the page aslant patiently, bending his senses and
his will, his soft subject gaze at rest. The crooked skirt swinging,
whack by whack by whack.</p>
<p>The porkbutcher snapped two sheets from the pile, wrapped up her
prime sausages and made a red grimace.</p>
<p>—Now, my miss, he said.</p>
<p>She tendered a coin, smiling boldly, holding her thick wrist out.</p>
<p>—Thank you, my miss. And one shilling threepence change. For you,
please?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom pointed quickly. To catch up and walk behind her if she went
slowly, behind her moving hams. Pleasant to see first thing in the
morning. Hurry up, damn it. Make hay while the sun shines. She stood
outside the shop in sunlight and sauntered lazily to the right. He
sighed down his nose: they never understand. Sodachapped hands. Crusted
toenails too. Brown scapulars in tatters, defending her both ways. The
sting of disregard glowed to weak pleasure within his breast. For
another: a constable off duty cuddling her in Eccles’ Lane. They like
them sizeable. Prime sausage. O please, Mr Policeman, I’m lost in the
wood.</p>
<p>—Threepence, please.</p>
<p>His hand accepted the moist tender gland and slid it into a
sidepocket. Then it fetched up three coins from his trousers’ pocket and
laid them on the rubber prickles. They lay, were read quickly and
quickly slid, disc by disc, into the till.</p>
<p>—Thank you, sir. Another time.</p>
<p>A speck of eager fire from foxeyes thanked him. He withdrew his gaze
after an instant. No: better not: another time.</p>
<p>—Good morning, he said, moving away.</p>
<p>—Good morning, sir.</p>
<p>No sign. Gone. What matter?</p>
<p>He walked back along Dorset street, reading gravely. Agendath Netaim:
planters’ company. To purchase waste sandy tracts from Turkish
government and plant with eucalyptus trees. Excellent for shade, fuel
and construction. Orangegroves and immense melonfields north of Jaffa.
You pay eighty marks and they plant a dunam of land for you with olives,
oranges, almonds or citrons. Olives cheaper: oranges need artificial
irrigation. Every year you get a sending of the crop. Your name entered
for life as owner in the book of the union. Can pay ten down and the
balance in yearly instalments. Bleibtreustrasse 34, Berlin, W. 15.</p>
<p>Nothing doing. Still an idea behind it.</p>
<p>He looked at the cattle, blurred in silver heat. Silverpowdered
olivetrees. Quiet long days: pruning, ripening. Olives are packed in
jars, eh? I have a few left from Andrews. Molly spitting them out. Knows
the taste of them now. Oranges in tissue paper packed in crates. Citrons
too. Wonder is poor Citron still in Saint Kevin’s parade. And Mastiansky
with the old cither. Pleasant evenings we had then. Molly in Citron’s
basketchair. Nice to hold, cool waxen fruit, hold in the hand, lift it
to the nostrils and smell the perfume. Like that, heavy, sweet, wild
perfume. Always the same, year after year. They fetched high prices too,
Moisel told me. Arbutus place: Pleasants street: pleasant old times.
Must be without a flaw, he said. Coming all that way: Spain, Gibraltar,
Mediterranean, the Levant. Crates lined up on the quayside at Jaffa,
chap ticking them off in a book, navvies handling them barefoot in
soiled dungarees. There’s whatdoyoucallhim out of. How do you? Doesn’t
see. Chap you know just to salute bit of a bore. His back is like that
Norwegian captain’s. Wonder if I’ll meet him today. Watering cart. To
provoke the rain. On earth as it is in heaven.</p>
<p>A cloud began to cover the sun slowly, wholly. Grey. Far.</p>
<p>No, not like that. A barren land, bare waste. Vulcanic lake, the dead
sea: no fish, weedless, sunk deep in the earth. No wind could lift those
waves, grey metal, poisonous foggy waters. Brimstone they called it
raining down: the cities of the plain: Sodom, Gomorrah, Edom. All dead
names. A dead sea in a dead land, grey and old. Old now. It bore the
oldest, the first race. A bent hag crossed from Cassidy’s, clutching a
naggin bottle by the neck. The oldest people. Wandered far away over all
the earth, captivity to captivity, multiplying, dying, being born
everywhere. It lay there now. Now it could bear no more. Dead: an old
woman’s: the grey sunken cunt of the world.</p>
<p>Desolation.</p>
<p>Grey horror seared his flesh. Folding the page into his pocket he
turned into Eccles street, hurrying homeward. Cold oils slid along his
veins, chilling his blood: age crusting him with a salt cloak. Well, I
am here now. Yes, I am here now. Morning mouth bad images. Got up wrong
side of the bed. Must begin again those Sandow’s exercises. On the hands
down. Blotchy brown brick houses. Number eighty still unlet. Why is
that? Valuation is only twentyeight. Towers, Battersby, North,
MacArthur: parlour windows plastered with bills. Plasters on a sore eye.
To smell the gentle smoke of tea, fume of the pan, sizzling butter. Be
near her ample bedwarmed flesh. Yes, yes.</p>
<p>Quick warm sunlight came running from Berkeley road, swiftly, in slim
sandals, along the brightening footpath. Runs, she runs to meet me, a
girl with gold hair on the wind.</p>
<p>Two letters and a card lay on the hallfloor. He stooped and gathered
them. Mrs Marion Bloom. His quickened heart slowed at once. Bold hand.
Mrs Marion.</p>
<p>—Poldy!</p>
<p>Entering the bedroom he halfclosed his eyes and walked through warm
yellow twilight towards her tousled head.</p>
<p>—Who are the letters for?</p>
<p>He looked at them. Mullingar. Milly.</p>
<p>—A letter for me from Milly, he said carefully, and a card to you.
And a letter for you.</p>
<p>He laid her card and letter on the twill bedspread near the curve of
her knees.</p>
<p>—Do you want the blind up?</p>
<p>Letting the blind up by gentle tugs halfway his backward eye saw her
glance at the letter and tuck it under her pillow.</p>
<p>—That do? he asked, turning.</p>
<p>She was reading the card, propped on her elbow.</p>
<p>—She got the things, she said.</p>
<p>He waited till she had laid the card aside and curled herself back
slowly with a snug sigh.</p>
<p>—Hurry up with that tea, she said. I’m parched.</p>
<p>—The kettle is boiling, he said.</p>
<p>But he delayed to clear the chair: her striped petticoat, tossed
soiled linen: and lifted all in an armful on to the foot of the bed.</p>
<p>As he went down the kitchen stairs she called:</p>
<p>—Poldy!</p>
<p>—What?</p>
<p>—Scald the teapot.</p>
<p>On the boil sure enough: a plume of steam from the spout. He scalded
and rinsed out the teapot and put in four full spoons of tea, tilting
the kettle then to let the water flow in. Having set it to draw he took
off the kettle, crushed the pan flat on the live coals and watched the
lump of butter slide and melt. While he unwrapped the kidney the cat
mewed hungrily against him. Give her too much meat she won’t mouse. Say
they won’t eat pork. Kosher. Here. He let the bloodsmeared paper fall to
her and dropped the kidney amid the sizzling butter sauce. Pepper. He
sprinkled it through his fingers ringwise from the chipped eggcup.</p>
<p>Then he slit open his letter, glancing down the page and over.
Thanks: new tam: Mr Coghlan: lough Owel picnic: young student: Blazes
Boylan’s seaside girls.</p>
<p>The tea was drawn. He filled his own moustachecup, sham crown Derby,
smiling. Silly Milly’s birthday gift. Only five she was then. No, wait:
four. I gave her the amberoid necklace she broke. Putting pieces of
folded brown paper in the letterbox for her. He smiled, pouring.</p>
<p>O, Milly Bloom, you are my darling.<br />
You are my lookingglass from night to morning.<br />
I’d rather have you without a farthing<br />
Than Katey Keogh with her ass and garden.</p>
<p>Poor old professor Goodwin. Dreadful old case. Still he was a
courteous old chap. Oldfashioned way he used to bow Molly off the
platform. And the little mirror in his silk hat. The night Milly brought
it into the parlour. O, look what I found in professor Goodwin’s hat!
All we laughed. Sex breaking out even then. Pert little piece she
was.</p>
<p>He prodded a fork into the kidney and slapped it over: then fitted
the teapot on the tray. Its hump bumped as he took it up. Everything on
it? Bread and butter, four, sugar, spoon, her cream. Yes. He carried it
upstairs, his thumb hooked in the teapot handle.</p>
<p>Nudging the door open with his knee he carried the tray in and set it
on the chair by the bedhead.</p>
<p>—What a time you were! she said.</p>
<p>She set the brasses jingling as she raised herself briskly, an elbow
on the pillow. He looked calmly down on her bulk and between her large
soft bubs, sloping within her nightdress like a shegoat’s udder. The
warmth of her couched body rose on the air, mingling with the fragrance
of the tea she poured.</p>
<p>A strip of torn envelope peeped from under the dimpled pillow. In the
act of going he stayed to straighten the bedspread.</p>
<p>—Who was the letter from? he asked.</p>
<p>Bold hand. Marion.</p>
<p>—O, Boylan, she said. He’s bringing the programme.</p>
<p>—What are you singing?</p>
<p>—<em>Là ci darem</em> with J. C. Doyle, she said, and <em>Love’s Old
Sweet Song</em>.</p>
<p>Her full lips, drinking, smiled. Rather stale smell that incense
leaves next day. Like foul flowerwater.</p>
<p>—Would you like the window open a little?</p>
<p>She doubled a slice of bread into her mouth, asking:</p>
<p>—What time is the funeral?</p>
<p>—Eleven, I think, he answered. I didn’t see the paper.</p>
<p>Following the pointing of her finger he took up a leg of her soiled
drawers from the bed. No? Then, a twisted grey garter looped round a
stocking: rumpled, shiny sole.</p>
<p>—No: that book.</p>
<p>Other stocking. Her petticoat.</p>
<p>—It must have fell down, she said.</p>
<p>He felt here and there. <em>Voglio e non vorrei</em>. Wonder if she
pronounces that right: <em>voglio</em>. Not in the bed. Must have slid
down. He stooped and lifted the valance. The book, fallen, sprawled
against the bulge of the orangekeyed chamberpot.</p>
<p>—Show here, she said. I put a mark in it. There’s a word I wanted to
ask you.</p>
<p>She swallowed a draught of tea from her cup held by nothandle and,
having wiped her fingertips smartly on the blanket, began to search the
text with the hairpin till she reached the word.</p>
<p>—Met him what? he asked.</p>
<p>—Here, she said. What does that mean?</p>
<p>He leaned downward and read near her polished thumbnail.</p>
<p>—Metempsychosis?</p>
<p>—Yes. Who’s he when he’s at home?</p>
<p>—Metempsychosis, he said, frowning. It’s Greek: from the Greek. That
means the transmigration of souls.</p>
<p>—O, rocks! she said. Tell us in plain words.</p>
<p>He smiled, glancing askance at her mocking eyes. The same young eyes.
The first night after the charades. Dolphin’s Barn. He turned over the
smudged pages. <em>Ruby: the Pride of the Ring</em>. Hello.
Illustration. Fierce Italian with carriagewhip. Must be Ruby pride of
the on the floor naked. Sheet kindly lent. <em>The monster Maffei
desisted and flung his victim from him with an oath</em>. Cruelty behind
it all. Doped animals. Trapeze at Hengler’s. Had to look the other way.
Mob gaping. Break your neck and we’ll break our sides. Families of them.
Bone them young so they metamspychosis. That we live after death. Our
souls. That a man’s soul after he dies. Dignam’s soul...</p>
<p>—Did you finish it? he asked.</p>
<p>—Yes, she said. There’s nothing smutty in it. Is she in love with the
first fellow all the time?</p>
<p>—Never read it. Do you want another?</p>
<p>—Yes. Get another of Paul de Kock’s. Nice name he has.</p>
<p>She poured more tea into her cup, watching it flow sideways.</p>
<p>Must get that Capel street library book renewed or they’ll write to
Kearney, my guarantor. Reincarnation: that’s the word.</p>
<p>—Some people believe, he said, that we go on living in another body
after death, that we lived before. They call it reincarnation. That we
all lived before on the earth thousands of years ago or some other
planet. They say we have forgotten it. Some say they remember their past
lives.</p>
<p>The sluggish cream wound curdling spirals through her tea. Better
remind her of the word: metempsychosis. An example would be better. An
example?</p>
<p>The <em>Bath of the Nymph</em> over the bed. Given away with the
Easter number of <em>Photo Bits</em>: Splendid masterpiece in art
colours. Tea before you put milk in. Not unlike her with her hair down:
slimmer. Three and six I gave for the frame. She said it would look nice
over the bed. Naked nymphs: Greece: and for instance all the people that
lived then.</p>
<p>He turned the pages back.</p>
<p>—Metempsychosis, he said, is what the ancient Greeks called it. They
used to believe you could be changed into an animal or a tree, for
instance. What they called nymphs, for example.</p>
<p>Her spoon ceased to stir up the sugar. She gazed straight before her,
inhaling through her arched nostrils.</p>
<p>—There’s a smell of burn, she said. Did you leave anything on the
fire?</p>
<p>—The kidney! he cried suddenly.</p>
<p>He fitted the book roughly into his inner pocket and, stubbing his
toes against the broken commode, hurried out towards the smell, stepping
hastily down the stairs with a flurried stork’s legs. Pungent smoke shot
up in an angry jet from a side of the pan. By prodding a prong of the
fork under the kidney he detached it and turned it turtle on its back.
Only a little burnt. He tossed it off the pan on to a plate and let the
scanty brown gravy trickle over it.</p>
<p>Cup of tea now. He sat down, cut and buttered a slice of the loaf. He
shore away the burnt flesh and flung it to the cat. Then he put a
forkful into his mouth, chewing with discernment the toothsome pliant
meat. Done to a turn. A mouthful of tea. Then he cut away dies of bread,
sopped one in the gravy and put it in his mouth. What was that about
some young student and a picnic? He creased out the letter at his side,
reading it slowly as he chewed, sopping another die of bread in the
gravy and raising it to his mouth.<br />
<br />
</p>
<p>Dearest Papli</p>
<p>Thanks ever so much for the lovely birthday present. It suits me
splendid. Everyone says I am quite the belle in my new tam. I got
mummy’s lovely box of creams and am writing. They are lovely. I am
getting on swimming in the photo business now. Mr Coghlan took one of me
and Mrs. Will send when developed. We did great biz yesterday. Fair day
and all the beef to the heels were in. We are going to lough Owel on
Monday with a few friends to make a scrap picnic. Give my love to mummy
and to yourself a big kiss and thanks. I hear them at the piano
downstairs. There is to be a concert in the Greville Arms on Saturday.
There is a young student comes here some evenings named Bannon his
cousins or something are big swells and he sings Boylan’s (I was on the
pop of writing Blazes Boylan’s) song about those seaside girls. Tell him
silly Milly sends my best respects. I must now close with fondest
love</p>
<p>                    Your fond daughter</p>
<p>                        Milly</p>
<p>P. S. Excuse bad writing am in hurry. Byby.</p>
<p>                        M.<br />
<br />
</p>
<p>Fifteen yesterday. Curious, fifteenth of the month too. Her first
birthday away from home. Separation. Remember the summer morning she was
born, running to knock up Mrs Thornton in Denzille street. Jolly old
woman. Lot of babies she must have helped into the world. She knew from
the first poor little Rudy wouldn’t live. Well, God is good, sir. She
knew at once. He would be eleven now if he had lived.</p>
<p>His vacant face stared pityingly at the postscript. Excuse bad
writing. Hurry. Piano downstairs. Coming out of her shell. Row with her
in the XL Café about the bracelet. Wouldn’t eat her cakes or speak or
look. Saucebox. He sopped other dies of bread in the gravy and ate piece
after piece of kidney. Twelve and six a week. Not much. Still, she might
do worse. Music hall stage. Young student. He drank a draught of cooler
tea to wash down his meal. Then he read the letter again: twice.</p>
<p>O, well: she knows how to mind herself. But if not? No, nothing has
happened. Of course it might. Wait in any case till it does. A wild
piece of goods. Her slim legs running up the staircase. Destiny.
Ripening now. Vain: very.</p>
<p>He smiled with troubled affection at the kitchen window. Day I caught
her in the street pinching her cheeks to make them red. Anemic a little.
Was given milk too long. On the <em>Erin’s King</em> that day round the
Kish. Damned old tub pitching about. Not a bit funky. Her pale blue
scarf loose in the wind with her hair.</p>
<p>All dimpled cheeks and curls,<br />
Your head it simply swirls.</p>
<p>Seaside girls. Torn envelope. Hands stuck in his trousers’ pockets,
jarvey off for the day, singing. Friend of the family. Swurls, he says.
Pier with lamps, summer evening, band.</p>
<p>Those girls, those girls,<br />
Those lovely seaside girls.</p>
<p>Milly too. Young kisses: the first. Far away now past. Mrs Marion.
Reading, lying back now, counting the strands of her hair, smiling,
braiding.</p>
<p>A soft qualm, regret, flowed down his backbone, increasing. Will
happen, yes. Prevent. Useless: can’t move. Girl’s sweet light lips. Will
happen too. He felt the flowing qualm spread over him. Useless to move
now. Lips kissed, kissing, kissed. Full gluey woman’s lips.</p>
<p>Better where she is down there: away. Occupy her. Wanted a dog to
pass the time. Might take a trip down there. August bank holiday, only
two and six return. Six weeks off, however. Might work a press pass. Or
through M’Coy.</p>
<p>The cat, having cleaned all her fur, returned to the meatstained
paper, nosed at it and stalked to the door. She looked back at him,
mewing. Wants to go out. Wait before a door sometime it will open. Let
her wait. Has the fidgets. Electric. Thunder in the air. Was washing at
her ear with her back to the fire too.</p>
<p>He felt heavy, full: then a gentle loosening of his bowels. He stood
up, undoing the waistband of his trousers. The cat mewed to him.</p>
<p>—Miaow! he said in answer. Wait till I’m ready.</p>
<p>Heaviness: hot day coming. Too much trouble to fag up the stairs to
the landing.</p>
<p>A paper. He liked to read at stool. Hope no ape comes knocking just
as I’m.</p>
<p>In the tabledrawer he found an old number of <em>Titbits</em>. He
folded it under his armpit, went to the door and opened it. The cat went
up in soft bounds. Ah, wanted to go upstairs, curl up in a ball on the
bed.</p>
<p>Listening, he heard her voice:</p>
<p>—Come, come, pussy. Come.</p>
<p>He went out through the backdoor into the garden: stood to listen
towards the next garden. No sound. Perhaps hanging clothes out to dry.
The maid was in the garden. Fine morning.</p>
<p>He bent down to regard a lean file of spearmint growing by the wall.
Make a summerhouse here. Scarlet runners. Virginia creepers. Want to
manure the whole place over, scabby soil. A coat of liver of sulphur.
All soil like that without dung. Household slops. Loam, what is this
that is? The hens in the next garden: their droppings are very good top
dressing. Best of all though are the cattle, especially when they are
fed on those oilcakes. Mulch of dung. Best thing to clean ladies’ kid
gloves. Dirty cleans. Ashes too. Reclaim the whole place. Grow peas in
that corner there. Lettuce. Always have fresh greens then. Still gardens
have their drawbacks. That bee or bluebottle here Whitmonday.</p>
<p>He walked on. Where is my hat, by the way? Must have put it back on
the peg. Or hanging up on the floor. Funny I don’t remember that.
Hallstand too full. Four umbrellas, her raincloak. Picking up the
letters. Drago’s shopbell ringing. Queer I was just thinking that
moment. Brown brillantined hair over his collar. Just had a wash and
brushup. Wonder have I time for a bath this morning. Tara street. Chap
in the paybox there got away James Stephens, they say. O’Brien.</p>
<p>Deep voice that fellow Dlugacz has. Agendath what is it? Now, my
miss. Enthusiast.</p>
<p>He kicked open the crazy door of the jakes. Better be careful not to
get these trousers dirty for the funeral. He went in, bowing his head
under the low lintel. Leaving the door ajar, amid the stench of mouldy
limewash and stale cobwebs he undid his braces. Before sitting down he
peered through a chink up at the nextdoor windows. The king was in his
countinghouse. Nobody.</p>
<p>Asquat on the cuckstool he folded out his paper, turning its pages
over on his bared knees. Something new and easy. No great hurry. Keep it
a bit. Our prize titbit: <em>Matcham’s Masterstroke</em>. Written by Mr
Philip Beaufoy, Playgoers’ Club, London. Payment at the rate of one
guinea a column has been made to the writer. Three and a half. Three
pounds three. Three pounds, thirteen and six.</p>
<p>Quietly he read, restraining himself, the first column and, yielding
but resisting, began the second. Midway, his last resistance yielding,
he allowed his bowels to ease themselves quietly as he read, reading
still patiently that slight constipation of yesterday quite gone. Hope
it’s not too big bring on piles again. No, just right. So. Ah! Costive.
One tabloid of cascara sagrada. Life might be so. It did not move or
touch him but it was something quick and neat. Print anything now. Silly
season. He read on, seated calm above his own rising smell. Neat
certainly. <em>Matcham often thinks of the masterstroke by which he won
the laughing witch who now</em>. Begins and ends morally. <em>Hand in
hand</em>. Smart. He glanced back through what he had read and, while
feeling his water flow quietly, he envied kindly Mr Beaufoy who had
written it and received payment of three pounds, thirteen and six.</p>
<p>Might manage a sketch. By Mr and Mrs L. M. Bloom. Invent a story for
some proverb. Which? Time I used to try jotting down on my cuff what she
said dressing. Dislike dressing together. Nicked myself shaving. Biting
her nether lip, hooking the placket of her skirt. Timing her. 9.15. Did
Roberts pay you yet? 9.20. What had Gretta Conroy on? 9.23. What
possessed me to buy this comb? 9.24. I’m swelled after that cabbage. A
speck of dust on the patent leather of her boot.</p>
<p>Rubbing smartly in turn each welt against her stockinged calf.
Morning after the bazaar dance when May’s band played Ponchielli’s dance
of the hours. Explain that: morning hours, noon, then evening coming on,
then night hours. Washing her teeth. That was the first night. Her head
dancing. Her fansticks clicking. Is that Boylan well off? He has money.
Why? I noticed he had a good rich smell off his breath dancing. No use
humming then. Allude to it. Strange kind of music that last night. The
mirror was in shadow. She rubbed her handglass briskly on her woollen
vest against her full wagging bub. Peering into it. Lines in her eyes.
It wouldn’t pan out somehow.</p>
<p>Evening hours, girls in grey gauze. Night hours then: black with
daggers and eyemasks. Poetical idea: pink, then golden, then grey, then
black. Still, true to life also. Day: then the night.</p>
<p>He tore away half the prize story sharply and wiped himself with it.
Then he girded up his trousers, braced and buttoned himself. He pulled
back the jerky shaky door of the jakes and came forth from the gloom
into the air.</p>
<p>In the bright light, lightened and cooled in limb, he eyed carefully
his black trousers: the ends, the knees, the houghs of the knees. What
time is the funeral? Better find out in the paper.</p>
<p>A creak and a dark whirr in the air high up. The bells of George’s
church. They tolled the hour: loud dark iron.</p>
<p>Heigho! Heigho!<br />
Heigho! Heigho!<br />
Heigho! Heigho!</p>
<p>Quarter to. There again: the overtone following through the air. A
third.</p>
<p>Poor Dignam!</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-5.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-5.htm.html_pgepubid00008"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-5.htm.html_chap05"></span>[ 5
]</h3>
<p>By lorries along sir John Rogerson’s quay Mr Bloom walked soberly,
past Windmill lane, Leask’s the linseed crusher, the postal telegraph
office. Could have given that address too. And past the sailors’ home.
He turned from the morning noises of the quayside and walked through
Lime street. By Brady’s cottages a boy for the skins lolled, his bucket
of offal linked, smoking a chewed fagbutt. A smaller girl with scars of
eczema on her forehead eyed him, listlessly holding her battered
caskhoop. Tell him if he smokes he won’t grow. O let him! His life isn’t
such a bed of roses. Waiting outside pubs to bring da home. Come home to
ma, da. Slack hour: won’t be many there. He crossed Townsend street,
passed the frowning face of Bethel. El, yes: house of: Aleph, Beth. And
past Nichols’ the undertaker. At eleven it is. Time enough. Daresay
Corny Kelleher bagged the job for O’Neill’s. Singing with his eyes shut.
Corny. Met her once in the park. In the dark. What a lark. Police tout.
Her name and address she then told with my tooraloom tooraloom tay. O,
surely he bagged it. Bury him cheap in a whatyoumaycall. With my
tooraloom, tooraloom, tooraloom, tooraloom.</p>
<p>In Westland row he halted before the window of the Belfast and
Oriental Tea Company and read the legends of leadpapered packets: choice
blend, finest quality, family tea. Rather warm. Tea. Must get some from
Tom Kernan. Couldn’t ask him at a funeral, though. While his eyes still
read blandly he took off his hat quietly inhaling his hairoil and sent
his right hand with slow grace over his brow and hair. Very warm
morning. Under their dropped lids his eyes found the tiny bow of the
leather headband inside his high grade ha. Just there. His right hand
came down into the bowl of his hat. His fingers found quickly a card
behind the headband and transferred it to his waistcoat pocket.</p>
<p>So warm. His right hand once more more slowly went over his brow and
hair. Then he put on his hat again, relieved: and read again: choice
blend, made of the finest Ceylon brands. The far east. Lovely spot it
must be: the garden of the world, big lazy leaves to float about on,
cactuses, flowery meads, snaky lianas they call them. Wonder is it like
that. Those Cinghalese lobbing about in the sun in <em>dolce far
niente</em>, not doing a hand’s turn all day. Sleep six months out of
twelve. Too hot to quarrel. Influence of the climate. Lethargy. Flowers
of idleness. The air feeds most. Azotes. Hothouse in Botanic gardens.
Sensitive plants. Waterlilies. Petals too tired to. Sleeping sickness in
the air. Walk on roseleaves. Imagine trying to eat tripe and cowheel.
Where was the chap I saw in that picture somewhere? Ah yes, in the dead
sea floating on his back, reading a book with a parasol open. Couldn’t
sink if you tried: so thick with salt. Because the weight of the water,
no, the weight of the body in the water is equal to the weight of the
what? Or is it the volume is equal to the weight? It’s a law something
like that. Vance in High school cracking his fingerjoints, teaching. The
college curriculum. Cracking curriculum. What is weight really when you
say the weight? Thirtytwo feet per second per second. Law of falling
bodies: per second per second. They all fall to the ground. The earth.
It’s the force of gravity of the earth is the weight.</p>
<p>He turned away and sauntered across the road. How did she walk with
her sausages? Like that something. As he walked he took the folded
<em>Freeman</em> from his sidepocket, unfolded it, rolled it lengthwise
in a baton and tapped it at each sauntering step against his trouserleg.
Careless air: just drop in to see. Per second per second. Per second for
every second it means. From the curbstone he darted a keen glance
through the door of the postoffice. Too late box. Post here. No-one.
In.</p>
<p>He handed the card through the brass grill.</p>
<p>—Are there any letters for me? he asked.</p>
<p>While the postmistress searched a pigeonhole he gazed at the
recruiting poster with soldiers of all arms on parade: and held the tip
of his baton against his nostrils, smelling freshprinted rag paper. No
answer probably. Went too far last time.</p>
<p>The postmistress handed him back through the grill his card with a
letter. He thanked her and glanced rapidly at the typed envelope.</p>
<p>Henry Flower Esq,<br />
c/o P. O. Westland Row,<br />
            City.</p>
<p>Answered anyhow. He slipped card and letter into his sidepocket,
reviewing again the soldiers on parade. Where’s old Tweedy’s regiment?
Castoff soldier. There: bearskin cap and hackle plume. No, he’s a
grenadier. Pointed cuffs. There he is: royal Dublin fusiliers. Redcoats.
Too showy. That must be why the women go after them. Uniform. Easier to
enlist and drill. Maud Gonne’s letter about taking them off O’Connell
street at night: disgrace to our Irish capital. Griffith’s paper is on
the same tack now: an army rotten with venereal disease: overseas or
halfseasover empire. Half baked they look: hypnotised like. Eyes front.
Mark time. Table: able. Bed: ed. The King’s own. Never see him dressed
up as a fireman or a bobby. A mason, yes.</p>
<p>He strolled out of the postoffice and turned to the right. Talk: as
if that would mend matters. His hand went into his pocket and a
forefinger felt its way under the flap of the envelope, ripping it open
in jerks. Women will pay a lot of heed, I don’t think. His fingers drew
forth the letter the letter and crumpled the envelope in his pocket.
Something pinned on: photo perhaps. Hair? No.</p>
<p>M’Coy. Get rid of him quickly. Take me out of my way. Hate company
when you.</p>
<p>—Hello, Bloom. Where are you off to?</p>
<p>—Hello, M’Coy. Nowhere in particular.</p>
<p>—How’s the body?</p>
<p>—Fine. How are you?</p>
<p>—Just keeping alive, M’Coy said.</p>
<p>His eyes on the black tie and clothes he asked with low respect:</p>
<p>—Is there any... no trouble I hope? I see you’re...</p>
<p>—O, no, Mr Bloom said. Poor Dignam, you know. The funeral is
today.</p>
<p>—To be sure, poor fellow. So it is. What time?</p>
<p>A photo it isn’t. A badge maybe.</p>
<p>—E...eleven, Mr Bloom answered.</p>
<p>—I must try to get out there, M’Coy said. Eleven, is it? I only heard
it last night. Who was telling me? Holohan. You know Hoppy?</p>
<p>—I know.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom gazed across the road at the outsider drawn up before the
door of the Grosvenor. The porter hoisted the valise up on the well. She
stood still, waiting, while the man, husband, brother, like her,
searched his pockets for change. Stylish kind of coat with that roll
collar, warm for a day like this, looks like blanketcloth. Careless
stand of her with her hands in those patch pockets. Like that haughty
creature at the polo match. Women all for caste till you touch the spot.
Handsome is and handsome does. Reserved about to yield. The honourable
Mrs and Brutus is an honourable man. Possess her once take the starch
out of her.</p>
<p>—I was with Bob Doran, he’s on one of his periodical bends, and what
do you call him Bantam Lyons. Just down there in Conway’s we were.</p>
<p>Doran Lyons in Conway’s. She raised a gloved hand to her hair. In
came Hoppy. Having a wet. Drawing back his head and gazing far from
beneath his vailed eyelids he saw the bright fawn skin shine in the
glare, the braided drums. Clearly I can see today. Moisture about gives
long sight perhaps. Talking of one thing or another. Lady’s hand. Which
side will she get up?</p>
<p>—And he said: <em>Sad thing about our poor friend Paddy! What
Paddy?</em> I said. <em>Poor little Paddy Dignam</em>, he said.</p>
<p>Off to the country: Broadstone probably. High brown boots with laces
dangling. Wellturned foot. What is he foostering over that change for?
Sees me looking. Eye out for other fellow always. Good fallback. Two
strings to her bow.</p>
<p>—<em>Why?</em> I said. <em>What’s wrong with him?</em> I said.</p>
<p>Proud: rich: silk stockings.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He moved a little to the side of M’Coy’s talking head. Getting up in
a minute.</p>
<p>—<em>What’s wrong with him</em>? He said. <em>He’s dead</em>, he
said. And, faith, he filled up. <em>Is it Paddy Dignam</em>? I said. I
couldn’t believe it when I heard it. I was with him no later than Friday
last or Thursday was it in the Arch. <em>Yes,</em> he said. <em>He’s
gone. He died on Monday, poor fellow</em>.</p>
<p>Watch! Watch! Silk flash rich stockings white. Watch!</p>
<p>A heavy tramcar honking its gong slewed between.</p>
<p>Lost it. Curse your noisy pugnose. Feels locked out of it. Paradise
and the peri. Always happening like that. The very moment. Girl in
Eustace street hallway Monday was it settling her garter. Her friend
covering the display of. <em>Esprit de corps</em>. Well, what are you
gaping at?</p>
<p>—Yes, yes, Mr Bloom said after a dull sigh. Another gone.</p>
<p>—One of the best, M’Coy said.</p>
<p>The tram passed. They drove off towards the Loop Line bridge, her
rich gloved hand on the steel grip. Flicker, flicker: the laceflare of
her hat in the sun: flicker, flick.</p>
<p>—Wife well, I suppose? M’Coy’s changed voice said.</p>
<p>—O, yes, Mr Bloom said. Tiptop, thanks.</p>
<p>He unrolled the newspaper baton idly and read idly:</p>
<p>What is home without<br />
Plumtree’s Potted Meat?<br />
Incomplete.<br />
With it an abode of bliss.</p>
<p>—My missus has just got an engagement. At least it’s not settled
yet.</p>
<p>Valise tack again. By the way no harm. I’m off that, thanks.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom turned his largelidded eyes with unhasty friendliness.</p>
<p>—My wife too, he said. She’s going to sing at a swagger affair in the
Ulster Hall, Belfast, on the twentyfifth.</p>
<p>—That so? M’Coy said. Glad to hear that, old man. Who’s getting it
up?</p>
<p>Mrs Marion Bloom. Not up yet. Queen was in her bedroom eating bread
and. No book. Blackened court cards laid along her thigh by sevens. Dark
lady and fair man. Letter. Cat furry black ball. Torn strip of
envelope.</p>
<p>Love’s<br />
Old<br />
Sweet<br />
Song<br />
Comes lo-ove’s old...</p>
<p>—It’s a kind of a tour, don’t you see, Mr Bloom said thoughtfully.
<em>Sweeeet song</em>. There’s a committee formed. Part shares and part
profits.</p>
<p>M’Coy nodded, picking at his moustache stubble.</p>
<p>—O, well, he said. That’s good news.</p>
<p>He moved to go.</p>
<p>—Well, glad to see you looking fit, he said. Meet you knocking
around.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>—Tell you what, M’Coy said. You might put down my name at the
funeral, will you? I’d like to go but I mightn’t be able, you see.
There’s a drowning case at Sandycove may turn up and then the coroner
and myself would have to go down if the body is found. You just shove in
my name if I’m not there, will you?</p>
<p>—I’ll do that, Mr Bloom said, moving to get off. That’ll be all
right.</p>
<p>—Right, M’Coy said brightly. Thanks, old man. I’d go if I possibly
could. Well, tolloll. Just C. P. M’Coy will do.</p>
<p>—That will be done, Mr Bloom answered firmly.</p>
<p>Didn’t catch me napping that wheeze. The quick touch. Soft mark. I’d
like my job. Valise I have a particular fancy for. Leather. Capped
corners, rivetted edges, double action lever lock. Bob Cowley lent him
his for the Wicklow regatta concert last year and never heard tidings of
it from that good day to this.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, strolling towards Brunswick street, smiled. My missus has
just got an. Reedy freckled soprano. Cheeseparing nose. Nice enough in
its way: for a little ballad. No guts in it. You and me, don’t you know:
in the same boat. Softsoaping. Give you the needle that would. Can’t he
hear the difference? Think he’s that way inclined a bit. Against my
grain somehow. Thought that Belfast would fetch him. I hope that
smallpox up there doesn’t get worse. Suppose she wouldn’t let herself be
vaccinated again. Your wife and my wife.</p>
<p>Wonder is he pimping after me?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom stood at the corner, his eyes wandering over the
multicoloured hoardings. Cantrell and Cochrane’s Ginger Ale (Aromatic).
Clery’s Summer Sale. No, he’s going on straight. Hello. <em>Leah</em>
tonight. Mrs Bandmann Palmer. Like to see her again in that.
<em>Hamlet</em> she played last night. Male impersonator. Perhaps he was
a woman. Why Ophelia committed suicide. Poor papa! How he used to talk
of Kate Bateman in that. Outside the Adelphi in London waited all the
afternoon to get in. Year before I was born that was: sixtyfive. And
Ristori in Vienna. What is this the right name is? By Mosenthal it is.
Rachel, is it? No. The scene he was always talking about where the old
blind Abraham recognises the voice and puts his fingers on his face.</p>
<p>Nathan’s voice! His son’s voice! I hear the voice of Nathan who left
his father to die of grief and misery in my arms, who left the house of
his father and left the God of his father.</p>
<p>Every word is so deep, Leopold.</p>
<p>Poor papa! Poor man! I’m glad I didn’t go into the room to look at
his face. That day! O, dear! O, dear! Ffoo! Well, perhaps it was best
for him.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom went round the corner and passed the drooping nags of the
hazard. No use thinking of it any more. Nosebag time. Wish I hadn’t met
that M’Coy fellow.</p>
<p>He came nearer and heard a crunching of gilded oats, the gently
champing teeth. Their full buck eyes regarded him as he went by, amid
the sweet oaten reek of horsepiss. Their Eldorado. Poor jugginses! Damn
all they know or care about anything with their long noses stuck in
nosebags. Too full for words. Still they get their feed all right and
their doss. Gelded too: a stump of black guttapercha wagging limp
between their haunches. Might be happy all the same that way. Good poor
brutes they look. Still their neigh can be very irritating.</p>
<p>He drew the letter from his pocket and folded it into the newspaper
he carried. Might just walk into her here. The lane is safer.</p>
<p>He passed the cabman’s shelter. Curious the life of drifting cabbies.
All weathers, all places, time or setdown, no will of their own.
<em>Voglio e non</em>. Like to give them an odd cigarette. Sociable.
Shout a few flying syllables as they pass. He hummed:</p>
<p>Là ci darem la mano<br />
La la lala la la.</p>
<p>He turned into Cumberland street and, going on some paces, halted in
the lee of the station wall. No-one. Meade’s timberyard. Piled balks.
Ruins and tenements. With careful tread he passed over a hopscotch court
with its forgotten pickeystone. Not a sinner. Near the timberyard a
squatted child at marbles, alone, shooting the taw with a cunnythumb. A
wise tabby, a blinking sphinx, watched from her warm sill. Pity to
disturb them. Mohammed cut a piece out of his mantle not to wake her.
Open it. And once I played marbles when I went to that old dame’s
school. She liked mignonette. Mrs Ellis’s. And Mr? He opened the letter
within the newspaper.</p>
<p>A flower. I think it’s a. A yellow flower with flattened petals. Not
annoyed then? What does she say?<br />
<br />
</p>
<p>Dear Henry</p>
<p>I got your last letter to me and thank you very much for it. I am
sorry you did not like my last letter. Why did you enclose the stamps? I
am awfully angry with you. I do wish I could punish you for that. I
called you naughty boy because I do not like that other world. Please
tell me what is the real meaning of that word? Are you not happy in your
home you poor little naughty boy? I do wish I could do something for
you. Please tell me what you think of poor me. I often think of the
beautiful name you have. Dear Henry, when will we meet? I think of you
so often you have no idea. I have never felt myself so much drawn to a
man as you. I feel so bad about. Please write me a long letter and tell
me more. Remember if you do not I will punish you. So now you know what
I will do to you, you naughty boy, if you do not wrote. O how I long to
meet you. Henry dear, do not deny my request before my patience are
exhausted. Then I will tell you all. Goodbye now, naughty darling, I
have such a bad headache. today. and write <em>by return</em> to your
longing</p>
<p>Martha</p>
<p>P. S. Do tell me what kind of perfume does your wife use. I want to
know.<br />
<br />
</p>
<p>He tore the flower gravely from its pinhold smelt its almost no smell
and placed it in his heart pocket. Language of flowers. They like it
because no-one can hear. Or a poison bouquet to strike him down. Then
walking slowly forward he read the letter again, murmuring here and
there a word. Angry tulips with you darling manflower punish your cactus
if you don’t please poor forgetmenot how I long violets to dear roses
when we soon anemone meet all naughty nightstalk wife Martha’s perfume.
Having read it all he took it from the newspaper and put it back in his
sidepocket.</p>
<p>Weak joy opened his lips. Changed since the first letter. Wonder did
she wrote it herself. Doing the indignant: a girl of good family like
me, respectable character. Could meet one Sunday after the rosary. Thank
you: not having any. Usual love scrimmage. Then running round corners.
Bad as a row with Molly. Cigar has a cooling effect. Narcotic. Go
further next time. Naughty boy: punish: afraid of words, of course.
Brutal, why not? Try it anyhow. A bit at a time.</p>
<p>Fingering still the letter in his pocket he drew the pin out of it.
Common pin, eh? He threw it on the road. Out of her clothes somewhere:
pinned together. Queer the number of pins they always have. No roses
without thorns.</p>
<p>Flat Dublin voices bawled in his head. Those two sluts that night in
the Coombe, linked together in the rain.</p>
<p>O, Mairy lost the pin of her drawers.<br />
She didn’t know what to do<br />
To keep it up,<br />
To keep it up.</p>
<p>It? Them. Such a bad headache. Has her roses probably. Or sitting all
day typing. Eyefocus bad for stomach nerves. What perfume does your wife
use. Now could you make out a thing like that?</p>
<p>To keep it up.</p>
<p>Martha, Mary. I saw that picture somewhere I forget now old master or
faked for money. He is sitting in their house, talking. Mysterious. Also
the two sluts in the Coombe would listen.</p>
<p>To keep it up.</p>
<p>Nice kind of evening feeling. No more wandering about. Just loll
there: quiet dusk: let everything rip. Forget. Tell about places you
have been, strange customs. The other one, jar on her head, was getting
the supper: fruit, olives, lovely cool water out of a well, stonecold
like the hole in the wall at Ashtown. Must carry a paper goblet next
time I go to the trottingmatches. She listens with big dark soft eyes.
Tell her: more and more: all. Then a sigh: silence. Long long long
rest.</p>
<p>Going under the railway arch he took out the envelope, tore it
swiftly in shreds and scattered them towards the road. The shreds
fluttered away, sank in the dank air: a white flutter, then all
sank.</p>
<p>Henry Flower. You could tear up a cheque for a hundred pounds in the
same way. Simple bit of paper. Lord Iveagh once cashed a sevenfigure
cheque for a million in the bank of Ireland. Shows you the money to be
made out of porter. Still the other brother lord Ardilaun has to change
his shirt four times a day, they say. Skin breeds lice or vermin. A
million pounds, wait a moment. Twopence a pint, fourpence a quart,
eightpence a gallon of porter, no, one and fourpence a gallon of porter.
One and four into twenty: fifteen about. Yes, exactly. Fifteen millions
of barrels of porter.</p>
<p>What am I saying barrels? Gallons. About a million barrels all the
same.</p>
<p>An incoming train clanked heavily above his head, coach after coach.
Barrels bumped in his head: dull porter slopped and churned inside. The
bungholes sprang open and a huge dull flood leaked out, flowing
together, winding through mudflats all over the level land, a lazy
pooling swirl of liquor bearing along wideleaved flowers of its
froth.</p>
<p>He had reached the open backdoor of All Hallows. Stepping into the
porch he doffed his hat, took the card from his pocket and tucked it
again behind the leather headband. Damn it. I might have tried to work
M’Coy for a pass to Mullingar.</p>
<p>Same notice on the door. Sermon by the very reverend John Conmee S.
J. on saint Peter Claver S. J. and the African Mission. Prayers for the
conversion of Gladstone they had too when he was almost unconscious. The
protestants are the same. Convert Dr William J. Walsh D.D. to the true
religion. Save China’s millions. Wonder how they explain it to the
heathen Chinee. Prefer an ounce of opium. Celestials. Rank heresy for
them. Buddha their god lying on his side in the museum. Taking it easy
with hand under his cheek. Josssticks burning. Not like Ecce Homo. Crown
of thorns and cross. Clever idea Saint Patrick the shamrock. Chopsticks?
Conmee: Martin Cunningham knows him: distinguishedlooking. Sorry I
didn’t work him about getting Molly into the choir instead of that
Father Farley who looked a fool but wasn’t. They’re taught that. He’s
not going out in bluey specs with the sweat rolling off him to baptise
blacks, is he? The glasses would take their fancy, flashing. Like to see
them sitting round in a ring with blub lips, entranced, listening. Still
life. Lap it up like milk, I suppose.</p>
<p>The cold smell of sacred stone called him. He trod the worn steps,
pushed the swingdoor and entered softly by the rere.</p>
<p>Something going on: some sodality. Pity so empty. Nice discreet place
to be next some girl. Who is my neighbour? Jammed by the hour to slow
music. That woman at midnight mass. Seventh heaven. Women knelt in the
benches with crimson halters round their necks, heads bowed. A batch
knelt at the altarrails. The priest went along by them, murmuring,
holding the thing in his hands. He stopped at each, took out a
communion, shook a drop or two (are they in water?) off it and put it
neatly into her mouth. Her hat and head sank. Then the next one. Her hat
sank at once. Then the next one: a small old woman. The priest bent down
to put it into her mouth, murmuring all the time. Latin. The next one.
Shut your eyes and open your mouth. What? <em>Corpus:</em> body. Corpse.
Good idea the Latin. Stupefies them first. Hospice for the dying. They
don’t seem to chew it: only swallow it down. Rum idea: eating bits of a
corpse. Why the cannibals cotton to it.</p>
<p>He stood aside watching their blind masks pass down the aisle, one by
one, and seek their places. He approached a bench and seated himself in
its corner, nursing his hat and newspaper. These pots we have to wear.
We ought to have hats modelled on our heads. They were about him here
and there, with heads still bowed in their crimson halters, waiting for
it to melt in their stomachs. Something like those mazzoth: it’s that
sort of bread: unleavened shewbread. Look at them. Now I bet it makes
them feel happy. Lollipop. It does. Yes, bread of angels it’s called.
There’s a big idea behind it, kind of kingdom of God is within you feel.
First communicants. Hokypoky penny a lump. Then feel all like one family
party, same in the theatre, all in the same swim. They do. I’m sure of
that. Not so lonely. In our confraternity. Then come out a bit spreeish.
Let off steam. Thing is if you really believe in it. Lourdes cure,
waters of oblivion, and the Knock apparition, statues bleeding. Old
fellow asleep near that confessionbox. Hence those snores. Blind faith.
Safe in the arms of kingdom come. Lulls all pain. Wake this time next
year.</p>
<p>He saw the priest stow the communion cup away, well in, and kneel an
instant before it, showing a large grey bootsole from under the lace
affair he had on. Suppose he lost the pin of his. He wouldn’t know what
to do to. Bald spot behind. Letters on his back: I.N.R.I? No: I.H.S.
Molly told me one time I asked her. I have sinned: or no: I have
suffered, it is. And the other one? Iron nails ran in.</p>
<p>Meet one Sunday after the rosary. Do not deny my request. Turn up
with a veil and black bag. Dusk and the light behind her. She might be
here with a ribbon round her neck and do the other thing all the same on
the sly. Their character. That fellow that turned queen’s evidence on
the invincibles he used to receive the, Carey was his name, the
communion every morning. This very church. Peter Carey, yes. No, Peter
Claver I am thinking of. Denis Carey. And just imagine that. Wife and
six children at home. And plotting that murder all the time. Those
crawthumpers, now that’s a good name for them, there’s always something
shiftylooking about them. They’re not straight men of business either.
O, no, she’s not here: the flower: no, no. By the way, did I tear up
that envelope? Yes: under the bridge.</p>
<p>The priest was rinsing out the chalice: then he tossed off the dregs
smartly. Wine. Makes it more aristocratic than for example if he drank
what they are used to Guinness’s porter or some temperance beverage
Wheatley’s Dublin hop bitters or Cantrell and Cochrane’s ginger ale
(aromatic). Doesn’t give them any of it: shew wine: only the other. Cold
comfort. Pious fraud but quite right: otherwise they’d have one old
booser worse than another coming along, cadging for a drink. Queer the
whole atmosphere of the. Quite right. Perfectly right that is.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom looked back towards the choir. Not going to be any music.
Pity. Who has the organ here I wonder? Old Glynn he knew how to make
that instrument talk, the <em>vibrato</em>: fifty pounds a year they say
he had in Gardiner street. Molly was in fine voice that day, the
<em>Stabat Mater</em> of Rossini. Father Bernard Vaughan’s sermon first.
Christ or Pilate? Christ, but don’t keep us all night over it. Music
they wanted. Footdrill stopped. Could hear a pin drop. I told her to
pitch her voice against that corner. I could feel the thrill in the air,
the full, the people looking up:</p>
<p><em>Quis est homo.</em></p>
<p>Some of that old sacred music splendid. Mercadante: seven last words.
Mozart’s twelfth mass: <em>Gloria</em> in that. Those old popes keen on
music, on art and statues and pictures of all kinds. Palestrina for
example too. They had a gay old time while it lasted. Healthy too,
chanting, regular hours, then brew liqueurs. Benedictine. Green
Chartreuse. Still, having eunuchs in their choir that was coming it a
bit thick. What kind of voice is it? Must be curious to hear after their
own strong basses. Connoisseurs. Suppose they wouldn’t feel anything
after. Kind of a placid. No worry. Fall into flesh, don’t they?
Gluttons, tall, long legs. Who knows? Eunuch. One way out of it.</p>
<p>He saw the priest bend down and kiss the altar and then face about
and bless all the people. All crossed themselves and stood up. Mr Bloom
glanced about him and then stood up, looking over the risen hats. Stand
up at the gospel of course. Then all settled down on their knees again
and he sat back quietly in his bench. The priest came down from the
altar, holding the thing out from him, and he and the massboy answered
each other in Latin. Then the priest knelt down and began to read off a
card:</p>
<p>—O God, our refuge and our strength...</p>
<p>Mr Bloom put his face forward to catch the words. English. Throw them
the bone. I remember slightly. How long since your last mass? Glorious
and immaculate virgin. Joseph, her spouse. Peter and Paul. More
interesting if you understood what it was all about. Wonderful
organisation certainly, goes like clockwork. Confession. Everyone wants
to. Then I will tell you all. Penance. Punish me, please. Great weapon
in their hands. More than doctor or solicitor. Woman dying to. And I
schschschschschsch. And did you chachachachacha? And why did you? Look
down at her ring to find an excuse. Whispering gallery walls have ears.
Husband learn to his surprise. God’s little joke. Then out she comes.
Repentance skindeep. Lovely shame. Pray at an altar. Hail Mary and Holy
Mary. Flowers, incense, candles melting. Hide her blushes. Salvation
army blatant imitation. Reformed prostitute will address the meeting.
How I found the Lord. Squareheaded chaps those must be in Rome: they
work the whole show. And don’t they rake in the money too? Bequests
also: to the P.P. for the time being in his absolute discretion. Masses
for the repose of my soul to be said publicly with open doors.
Monasteries and convents. The priest in that Fermanagh will case in the
witnessbox. No browbeating him. He had his answer pat for everything.
Liberty and exaltation of our holy mother the church. The doctors of the
church: they mapped out the whole theology of it.</p>
<p>The priest prayed:</p>
<p>—Blessed Michael, archangel, defend us in the hour of conflict. Be
our safeguard against the wickedness and snares of the devil (may God
restrain him, we humbly pray!): and do thou, O prince of the heavenly
host, by the power of God thrust Satan down to hell and with him those
other wicked spirits who wander through the world for the ruin of
souls.</p>
<p>The priest and the massboy stood up and walked off. All over. The
women remained behind: thanksgiving.</p>
<p>Better be shoving along. Brother Buzz. Come around with the plate
perhaps. Pay your Easter duty.</p>
<p>He stood up. Hello. Were those two buttons of my waistcoat open all
the time? Women enjoy it. Never tell you. But we. Excuse, miss, there’s
a (whh!) just a (whh!) fluff. Or their skirt behind, placket unhooked.
Glimpses of the moon. Annoyed if you don’t. Why didn’t you tell me
before. Still like you better untidy. Good job it wasn’t farther south.
He passed, discreetly buttoning, down the aisle and out through the main
door into the light. He stood a moment unseeing by the cold black marble
bowl while before him and behind two worshippers dipped furtive hands in
the low tide of holy water. Trams: a car of Prescott’s dyeworks: a widow
in her weeds. Notice because I’m in mourning myself. He covered himself.
How goes the time? Quarter past. Time enough yet. Better get that lotion
made up. Where is this? Ah yes, the last time. Sweny’s in Lincoln place.
Chemists rarely move. Their green and gold beaconjars too heavy to stir.
Hamilton Long’s, founded in the year of the flood. Huguenot churchyard
near there. Visit some day.</p>
<p>He walked southward along Westland row. But the recipe is in the
other trousers. O, and I forgot that latchkey too. Bore this funeral
affair. O well, poor fellow, it’s not his fault. When was it I got it
made up last? Wait. I changed a sovereign I remember. First of the month
it must have been or the second. O, he can look it up in the
prescriptions book.</p>
<p>The chemist turned back page after page. Sandy shrivelled smell he
seems to have. Shrunken skull. And old. Quest for the philosopher’s
stone. The alchemists. Drugs age you after mental excitement. Lethargy
then. Why? Reaction. A lifetime in a night. Gradually changes your
character. Living all the day among herbs, ointments, disinfectants. All
his alabaster lilypots. Mortar and pestle. Aq. Dist. Fol. Laur. Te
Virid. Smell almost cure you like the dentist’s doorbell. Doctor Whack.
He ought to physic himself a bit. Electuary or emulsion. The first
fellow that picked an herb to cure himself had a bit of pluck. Simples.
Want to be careful. Enough stuff here to chloroform you. Test: turns
blue litmus paper red. Chloroform. Overdose of laudanum. Sleeping
draughts. Lovephiltres. Paragoric poppysyrup bad for cough. Clogs the
pores or the phlegm. Poisons the only cures. Remedy where you least
expect it. Clever of nature.</p>
<p>—About a fortnight ago, sir?</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He waited by the counter, inhaling slowly the keen reek of drugs, the
dusty dry smell of sponges and loofahs. Lot of time taken up telling
your aches and pains.</p>
<p>—Sweet almond oil and tincture of benzoin, Mr Bloom said, and then
orangeflower water...</p>
<p>It certainly did make her skin so delicate white like wax.</p>
<p>—And white wax also, he said.</p>
<p>Brings out the darkness of her eyes. Looking at me, the sheet up to
her eyes, Spanish, smelling herself, when I was fixing the links in my
cuffs. Those homely recipes are often the best: strawberries for the
teeth: nettles and rainwater: oatmeal they say steeped in buttermilk.
Skinfood. One of the old queen’s sons, duke of Albany was it? had only
one skin. Leopold, yes. Three we have. Warts, bunions and pimples to
make it worse. But you want a perfume too. What perfume does your?
<em>Peau d’Espagne</em>. That orangeflower water is so fresh. Nice smell
these soaps have. Pure curd soap. Time to get a bath round the corner.
Hammam. Turkish. Massage. Dirt gets rolled up in your navel. Nicer if a
nice girl did it. Also I think I. Yes I. Do it in the bath. Curious
longing I. Water to water. Combine business with pleasure. Pity no time
for massage. Feel fresh then all the day. Funeral be rather glum.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, the chemist said. That was two and nine. Have you brought
a bottle?</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said. Make it up, please. I’ll call later in the day
and I’ll take one of these soaps. How much are they?</p>
<p>—Fourpence, sir.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom raised a cake to his nostrils. Sweet lemony wax.</p>
<p>—I’ll take this one, he said. That makes three and a penny.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, the chemist said. You can pay all together, sir, when you
come back.</p>
<p>—Good, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He strolled out of the shop, the newspaper baton under his armpit,
the coolwrappered soap in his left hand.</p>
<p>At his armpit Bantam Lyons’ voice and hand said:</p>
<p>—Hello, Bloom. What’s the best news? Is that today’s? Show us a
minute.</p>
<p>Shaved off his moustache again, by Jove! Long cold upper lip. To look
younger. He does look balmy. Younger than I am.</p>
<p>Bantam Lyons’s yellow blacknailed fingers unrolled the baton. Wants a
wash too. Take off the rough dirt. Good morning, have you used Pears’
soap? Dandruff on his shoulders. Scalp wants oiling.</p>
<p>—I want to see about that French horse that’s running today, Bantam
Lyons said. Where the bugger is it?</p>
<p>He rustled the pleated pages, jerking his chin on his high collar.
Barber’s itch. Tight collar he’ll lose his hair. Better leave him the
paper and get shut of him.</p>
<p>—You can keep it, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>—Ascot. Gold cup. Wait, Bantam Lyons muttered. Half a mo. Maximum the
second.</p>
<p>—I was just going to throw it away, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>Bantam Lyons raised his eyes suddenly and leered weakly.</p>
<p>—What’s that? his sharp voice said.</p>
<p>—I say you can keep it, Mr Bloom answered. I was going to throw it
away that moment.</p>
<p>Bantam Lyons doubted an instant, leering: then thrust the outspread
sheets back on Mr Bloom’s arms.</p>
<p>—I’ll risk it, he said. Here, thanks.</p>
<p>He sped off towards Conway’s corner. God speed scut.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom folded the sheets again to a neat square and lodged the soap
in it, smiling. Silly lips of that chap. Betting. Regular hotbed of it
lately. Messenger boys stealing to put on sixpence. Raffle for large
tender turkey. Your Christmas dinner for threepence. Jack Fleming
embezzling to gamble then smuggled off to America. Keeps a hotel now.
They never come back. Fleshpots of Egypt.</p>
<p>He walked cheerfully towards the mosque of the baths. Remind you of a
mosque, redbaked bricks, the minarets. College sports today I see. He
eyed the horseshoe poster over the gate of college park: cyclist doubled
up like a cod in a pot. Damn bad ad. Now if they had made it round like
a wheel. Then the spokes: sports, sports, sports: and the hub big:
college. Something to catch the eye.</p>
<p>There’s Hornblower standing at the porter’s lodge. Keep him on hands:
might take a turn in there on the nod. How do you do, Mr Hornblower? How
do you do, sir?</p>
<p>Heavenly weather really. If life was always like that. Cricket
weather. Sit around under sunshades. Over after over. Out. They can’t
play it here. Duck for six wickets. Still Captain Culler broke a window
in the Kildare street club with a slog to square leg. Donnybrook fair
more in their line. And the skulls we were acracking when M’Carthy took
the floor. Heatwave. Won’t last. Always passing, the stream of life,
which in the stream of life we trace is dearer than them all.</p>
<p>Enjoy a bath now: clean trough of water, cool enamel, the gentle
tepid stream. This is my body.</p>
<p>He foresaw his pale body reclined in it at full, naked, in a womb of
warmth, oiled by scented melting soap, softly laved. He saw his trunk
and limbs riprippled over and sustained, buoyed lightly upward,
lemonyellow: his navel, bud of flesh: and saw the dark tangled curls of
his bush floating, floating hair of the stream around the limp father of
thousands, a languid floating flower.</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-6.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-6.htm.html_pgepubid00009"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-6.htm.html_chap06"></span>[ 6
]</h3>
<p>Martin Cunningham, first, poked his silkhatted head into the creaking
carriage and, entering deftly, seated himself. Mr Power stepped in after
him, curving his height with care.</p>
<p>—Come on, Simon.</p>
<p>—After you, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus covered himself quickly and got in, saying:</p>
<p>—Yes, yes.</p>
<p>—Are we all here now? Martin Cunningham asked. Come along, Bloom.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom entered and sat in the vacant place. He pulled the door to
after him and slammed it twice till it shut tight. He passed an arm
through the armstrap and looked seriously from the open carriagewindow
at the lowered blinds of the avenue. One dragged aside: an old woman
peeping. Nose whiteflattened against the pane. Thanking her stars she
was passed over. Extraordinary the interest they take in a corpse. Glad
to see us go we give them such trouble coming. Job seems to suit them.
Huggermugger in corners. Slop about in slipperslappers for fear he’d
wake. Then getting it ready. Laying it out. Molly and Mrs Fleming making
the bed. Pull it more to your side. Our windingsheet. Never know who
will touch you dead. Wash and shampoo. I believe they clip the nails and
the hair. Keep a bit in an envelope. Grows all the same after. Unclean
job.</p>
<p>All waited. Nothing was said. Stowing in the wreaths probably. I am
sitting on something hard. Ah, that soap: in my hip pocket. Better shift
it out of that. Wait for an opportunity.</p>
<p>All waited. Then wheels were heard from in front, turning: then
nearer: then horses’ hoofs. A jolt. Their carriage began to move,
creaking and swaying. Other hoofs and creaking wheels started behind.
The blinds of the avenue passed and number nine with its craped knocker,
door ajar. At walking pace.</p>
<p>They waited still, their knees jogging, till they had turned and were
passing along the tramtracks. Tritonville road. Quicker. The wheels
rattled rolling over the cobbled causeway and the crazy glasses shook
rattling in the doorframes.</p>
<p>—What way is he taking us? Mr Power asked through both windows.</p>
<p>—Irishtown, Martin Cunningham said. Ringsend. Brunswick street.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus nodded, looking out.</p>
<p>—That’s a fine old custom, he said. I am glad to see it has not died
out.</p>
<p>All watched awhile through their windows caps and hats lifted by
passers. Respect. The carriage swerved from the tramtrack to the
smoother road past Watery lane. Mr Bloom at gaze saw a lithe young man,
clad in mourning, a wide hat.</p>
<p>—There’s a friend of yours gone by, Dedalus, he said.</p>
<p>—Who is that?</p>
<p>—Your son and heir.</p>
<p>—Where is he? Mr Dedalus said, stretching over across.</p>
<p>The carriage, passing the open drains and mounds of rippedup roadway
before the tenement houses, lurched round the corner and, swerving back
to the tramtrack, rolled on noisily with chattering wheels. Mr Dedalus
fell back, saying:</p>
<p>—Was that Mulligan cad with him? His <em>fidus Achates</em>!</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said. He was alone.</p>
<p>—Down with his aunt Sally, I suppose, Mr Dedalus said, the Goulding
faction, the drunken little costdrawer and Crissie, papa’s little lump
of dung, the wise child that knows her own father.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom smiled joylessly on Ringsend road. Wallace Bros: the
bottleworks: Dodder bridge.</p>
<p>Richie Goulding and the legal bag. Goulding, Collis and Ward he calls
the firm. His jokes are getting a bit damp. Great card he was. Waltzing
in Stamer street with Ignatius Gallaher on a Sunday morning, the
landlady’s two hats pinned on his head. Out on the rampage all night.
Beginning to tell on him now: that backache of his, I fear. Wife ironing
his back. Thinks he’ll cure it with pills. All breadcrumbs they are.
About six hundred per cent profit.</p>
<p>—He’s in with a lowdown crowd, Mr Dedalus snarled. That Mulligan is a
contaminated bloody doubledyed ruffian by all accounts. His name stinks
all over Dublin. But with the help of God and His blessed mother I’ll
make it my business to write a letter one of those days to his mother or
his aunt or whatever she is that will open her eye as wide as a gate.
I’ll tickle his catastrophe, believe you me.</p>
<p>He cried above the clatter of the wheels:</p>
<p>—I won’t have her bastard of a nephew ruin my son. A counterjumper’s
son. Selling tapes in my cousin, Peter Paul M’Swiney’s. Not likely.</p>
<p>He ceased. Mr Bloom glanced from his angry moustache to Mr Power’s
mild face and Martin Cunningham’s eyes and beard, gravely shaking. Noisy
selfwilled man. Full of his son. He is right. Something to hand on. If
little Rudy had lived. See him grow up. Hear his voice in the house.
Walking beside Molly in an Eton suit. My son. Me in his eyes. Strange
feeling it would be. From me. Just a chance. Must have been that morning
in Raymond terrace she was at the window watching the two dogs at it by
the wall of the cease to do evil. And the sergeant grinning up. She had
that cream gown on with the rip she never stitched. Give us a touch,
Poldy. God, I’m dying for it. How life begins.</p>
<p>Got big then. Had to refuse the Greystones concert. My son inside
her. I could have helped him on in life. I could. Make him independent.
Learn German too.</p>
<p>—Are we late? Mr Power asked.</p>
<p>—Ten minutes, Martin Cunningham said, looking at his watch.</p>
<p>Molly. Milly. Same thing watered down. Her tomboy oaths. O jumping
Jupiter! Ye gods and little fishes! Still, she’s a dear girl. Soon be a
woman. Mullingar. Dearest Papli. Young student. Yes, yes: a woman too.
Life, life.</p>
<p>The carriage heeled over and back, their four trunks swaying.</p>
<p>—Corny might have given us a more commodious yoke, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—He might, Mr Dedalus said, if he hadn’t that squint troubling him.
Do you follow me?</p>
<p>He closed his left eye. Martin Cunningham began to brush away
crustcrumbs from under his thighs.</p>
<p>—What is this, he said, in the name of God? Crumbs?</p>
<p>—Someone seems to have been making a picnic party here lately, Mr
Power said.</p>
<p>All raised their thighs and eyed with disfavour the mildewed
buttonless leather of the seats. Mr Dedalus, twisting his nose, frowned
downward and said:</p>
<p>—Unless I’m greatly mistaken. What do you think, Martin?</p>
<p>—It struck me too, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom set his thigh down. Glad I took that bath. Feel my feet
quite clean. But I wish Mrs Fleming had darned these socks better.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus sighed resignedly.</p>
<p>—After all, he said, it’s the most natural thing in the world.</p>
<p>—Did Tom Kernan turn up? Martin Cunningham asked, twirling the peak
of his beard gently.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom answered. He’s behind with Ned Lambert and Hynes.</p>
<p>—And Corny Kelleher himself? Mr Power asked.</p>
<p>—At the cemetery, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>—I met M’Coy this morning, Mr Bloom said. He said he’d try to
come.</p>
<p>The carriage halted short.</p>
<p>—What’s wrong?</p>
<p>—We’re stopped.</p>
<p>—Where are we?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom put his head out of the window.</p>
<p>—The grand canal, he said.</p>
<p>Gasworks. Whooping cough they say it cures. Good job Milly never got
it. Poor children! Doubles them up black and blue in convulsions. Shame
really. Got off lightly with illnesses compared. Only measles. Flaxseed
tea. Scarlatina, influenza epidemics. Canvassing for death. Don’t miss
this chance. Dogs’ home over there. Poor old Athos! Be good to Athos,
Leopold, is my last wish. Thy will be done. We obey them in the grave. A
dying scrawl. He took it to heart, pined away. Quiet brute. Old men’s
dogs usually are.</p>
<p>A raindrop spat on his hat. He drew back and saw an instant of shower
spray dots over the grey flags. Apart. Curious. Like through a colander.
I thought it would. My boots were creaking I remember now.</p>
<p>—The weather is changing, he said quietly.</p>
<p>—A pity it did not keep up fine, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>—Wanted for the country, Mr Power said. There’s the sun again coming
out.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus, peering through his glasses towards the veiled sun,
hurled a mute curse at the sky.</p>
<p>—It’s as uncertain as a child’s bottom, he said.</p>
<p>—We’re off again.</p>
<p>The carriage turned again its stiff wheels and their trunks swayed
gently. Martin Cunningham twirled more quickly the peak of his
beard.</p>
<p>—Tom Kernan was immense last night, he said. And Paddy Leonard taking
him off to his face.</p>
<p>—O, draw him out, Martin, Mr Power said eagerly. Wait till you hear
him, Simon, on Ben Dollard’s singing of <em>The Croppy Boy</em>.</p>
<p>—Immense, Martin Cunningham said pompously. <em>His singing of that
simple ballad, Martin, is the most trenchant rendering I ever heard in
the whole course of my experience.</em></p>
<p>—Trenchant, Mr Power said laughing. He’s dead nuts on that. And the
retrospective arrangement.</p>
<p>—Did you read Dan Dawson’s speech? Martin Cunningham asked.</p>
<p>—I did not then, Mr Dedalus said. Where is it?</p>
<p>—In the paper this morning.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom took the paper from his inside pocket. That book I must
change for her.</p>
<p>—No, no, Mr Dedalus said quickly. Later on please.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom’s glance travelled down the edge of the paper, scanning the
deaths: Callan, Coleman, Dignam, Fawcett, Lowry, Naumann, Peake, what
Peake is that? is it the chap was in Crosbie and Alleyne’s? no, Sexton,
Urbright. Inked characters fast fading on the frayed breaking paper.
Thanks to the Little Flower. Sadly missed. To the inexpressible grief of
his. Aged 88 after a long and tedious illness. Month’s mind: Quinlan. On
whose soul Sweet Jesus have mercy.</p>
<p>It is now a month since dear Henry fled<br />
To his home up above in the sky<br />
While his family weeps and mourns his loss<br />
Hoping some day to meet him on high.</p>
<p>I tore up the envelope? Yes. Where did I put her letter after I read
it in the bath? He patted his waistcoatpocket. There all right. Dear
Henry fled. Before my patience are exhausted.</p>
<p>National school. Meade’s yard. The hazard. Only two there now.
Nodding. Full as a tick. Too much bone in their skulls. The other
trotting round with a fare. An hour ago I was passing there. The jarvies
raised their hats.</p>
<p>A pointsman’s back straightened itself upright suddenly against a
tramway standard by Mr Bloom’s window. Couldn’t they invent something
automatic so that the wheel itself much handier? Well but that fellow
would lose his job then? Well but then another fellow would get a job
making the new invention?</p>
<p>Antient concert rooms. Nothing on there. A man in a buff suit with a
crape armlet. Not much grief there. Quarter mourning. People in law
perhaps.</p>
<p>They went past the bleak pulpit of saint Mark’s, under the railway
bridge, past the Queen’s theatre: in silence. Hoardings: Eugene
Stratton, Mrs Bandmann Palmer. Could I go to see <em>Leah</em> tonight,
I wonder. I said I. Or the <em>Lily of Killarney</em>? Elster Grimes
Opera Company. Big powerful change. Wet bright bills for next week.
<em>Fun on the Bristol</em>. Martin Cunningham could work a pass for the
Gaiety. Have to stand a drink or two. As broad as it’s long.</p>
<p>He’s coming in the afternoon. Her songs.</p>
<p>Plasto’s. Sir Philip Crampton’s memorial fountain bust. Who was
he?</p>
<p>—How do you do? Martin Cunningham said, raising his palm to his brow
in salute.</p>
<p>—He doesn’t see us, Mr Power said. Yes, he does. How do you do?</p>
<p>—Who? Mr Dedalus asked.</p>
<p>—Blazes Boylan, Mr Power said. There he is airing his quiff.</p>
<p>Just that moment I was thinking.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus bent across to salute. From the door of the Red Bank the
white disc of a straw hat flashed reply: spruce figure: passed.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom reviewed the nails of his left hand, then those of his right
hand. The nails, yes. Is there anything more in him that they she sees?
Fascination. Worst man in Dublin. That keeps him alive. They sometimes
feel what a person is. Instinct. But a type like that. My nails. I am
just looking at them: well pared. And after: thinking alone. Body
getting a bit softy. I would notice that: from remembering. What causes
that? I suppose the skin can’t contract quickly enough when the flesh
falls off. But the shape is there. The shape is there still. Shoulders.
Hips. Plump. Night of the dance dressing. Shift stuck between the cheeks
behind.</p>
<p>He clasped his hands between his knees and, satisfied, sent his
vacant glance over their faces.</p>
<p>Mr Power asked:</p>
<p>—How is the concert tour getting on, Bloom?</p>
<p>—O, very well, Mr Bloom said. I hear great accounts of it. It’s a
good idea, you see...</p>
<p>—Are you going yourself?</p>
<p>—Well no, Mr Bloom said. In point of fact I have to go down to the
county Clare on some private business. You see the idea is to tour the
chief towns. What you lose on one you can make up on the other.</p>
<p>—Quite so, Martin Cunningham said. Mary Anderson is up there now.</p>
<p>Have you good artists?</p>
<p>—Louis Werner is touring her, Mr Bloom said. O yes, we’ll have all
topnobbers. J. C. Doyle and John MacCormack I hope and. The best, in
fact.</p>
<p>—And <em>Madame</em>, Mr Power said smiling. Last but not least.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom unclasped his hands in a gesture of soft politeness and
clasped them. Smith O’Brien. Someone has laid a bunch of flowers there.
Woman. Must be his deathday. For many happy returns. The carriage
wheeling by Farrell’s statue united noiselessly their unresisting
knees.</p>
<p>Oot: a dullgarbed old man from the curbstone tendered his wares, his
mouth opening: oot.</p>
<p>—Four bootlaces for a penny.</p>
<p>Wonder why he was struck off the rolls. Had his office in Hume
street. Same house as Molly’s namesake, Tweedy, crown solicitor for
Waterford. Has that silk hat ever since. Relics of old decency. Mourning
too. Terrible comedown, poor wretch! Kicked about like snuff at a wake.
O’Callaghan on his last legs.</p>
<p>And <em>Madame</em>. Twenty past eleven. Up. Mrs Fleming is in to
clean. Doing her hair, humming: <em>voglio e non vorrei</em>. No:
<em>vorrei e non</em>. Looking at the tips of her hairs to see if they
are split. <em>Mi trema un poco il</em>. Beautiful on that <em>tre</em>
her voice is: weeping tone. A thrush. A throstle. There is a word
throstle that expresses that.</p>
<p>His eyes passed lightly over Mr Power’s goodlooking face. Greyish
over the ears. <em>Madame</em>: smiling. I smiled back. A smile goes a
long way. Only politeness perhaps. Nice fellow. Who knows is that true
about the woman he keeps? Not pleasant for the wife. Yet they say, who
was it told me, there is no carnal. You would imagine that would get
played out pretty quick. Yes, it was Crofton met him one evening
bringing her a pound of rumpsteak. What is this she was? Barmaid in
Jury’s. Or the Moira, was it?</p>
<p>They passed under the hugecloaked Liberator’s form.</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham nudged Mr Power.</p>
<p>—Of the tribe of Reuben, he said.</p>
<p>A tall blackbearded figure, bent on a stick, stumping round the
corner of Elvery’s Elephant house, showed them a curved hand open on his
spine.</p>
<p>—In all his pristine beauty, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus looked after the stumping figure and said mildly:</p>
<p>—The devil break the hasp of your back!</p>
<p>Mr Power, collapsing in laughter, shaded his face from the window as
the carriage passed Gray’s statue.</p>
<p>—We have all been there, Martin Cunningham said broadly.</p>
<p>His eyes met Mr Bloom’s eyes. He caressed his beard, adding:</p>
<p>—Well, nearly all of us.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom began to speak with sudden eagerness to his companions’
faces.</p>
<p>—That’s an awfully good one that’s going the rounds about Reuben J
and the son.</p>
<p>—About the boatman? Mr Power asked.</p>
<p>—Yes. Isn’t it awfully good?</p>
<p>—What is that? Mr Dedalus asked. I didn’t hear it.</p>
<p>—There was a girl in the case, Mr Bloom began, and he determined to
send him to the Isle of Man out of harm’s way but when they were
both.....</p>
<p>—What? Mr Dedalus asked. That confirmed bloody hobbledehoy is it?</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said. They were both on the way to the boat and he
tried to drown.....</p>
<p>—Drown Barabbas! Mr Dedalus cried. I wish to Christ he did!</p>
<p>Mr Power sent a long laugh down his shaded nostrils.</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said, the son himself.....</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham thwarted his speech rudely:</p>
<p>—Reuben J and the son were piking it down the quay next the river on
their way to the Isle of Man boat and the young chiseller suddenly got
loose and over the wall with him into the Liffey.</p>
<p>—For God’s sake! Mr Dedalus exclaimed in fright. Is he dead?</p>
<p>—Dead! Martin Cunningham cried. Not he! A boatman got a pole and
fished him out by the slack of the breeches and he was landed up to the
father on the quay more dead than alive. Half the town was there.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said. But the funny part is.....</p>
<p>—And Reuben J, Martin Cunningham said, gave the boatman a florin for
saving his son’s life.</p>
<p>A stifled sigh came from under Mr Power’s hand.</p>
<p>—O, he did, Martin Cunningham affirmed. Like a hero. A silver
florin.</p>
<p>—Isn’t it awfully good? Mr Bloom said eagerly.</p>
<p>—One and eightpence too much, Mr Dedalus said drily.</p>
<p>Mr Power’s choked laugh burst quietly in the carriage.</p>
<p>Nelson’s pillar.</p>
<p>—Eight plums a penny! Eight for a penny!</p>
<p>—We had better look a little serious, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus sighed.</p>
<p>—Ah then indeed, he said, poor little Paddy wouldn’t grudge us a
laugh. Many a good one he told himself.</p>
<p>—The Lord forgive me! Mr Power said, wiping his wet eyes with his
fingers. Poor Paddy! I little thought a week ago when I saw him last and
he was in his usual health that I’d be driving after him like this. He’s
gone from us.</p>
<p>—As decent a little man as ever wore a hat, Mr Dedalus said. He went
very suddenly.</p>
<p>—Breakdown, Martin Cunningham said. Heart.</p>
<p>He tapped his chest sadly.</p>
<p>Blazing face: redhot. Too much John Barleycorn. Cure for a red nose.
Drink like the devil till it turns adelite. A lot of money he spent
colouring it.</p>
<p>Mr Power gazed at the passing houses with rueful apprehension.</p>
<p>—He had a sudden death, poor fellow, he said.</p>
<p>—The best death, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>Their wide open eyes looked at him.</p>
<p>—No suffering, he said. A moment and all is over. Like dying in
sleep.</p>
<p>No-one spoke.</p>
<p>Dead side of the street this. Dull business by day, land agents,
temperance hotel, Falconer’s railway guide, civil service college,
Gill’s, catholic club, the industrious blind. Why? Some reason. Sun or
wind. At night too. Chummies and slaveys. Under the patronage of the
late Father Mathew. Foundation stone for Parnell. Breakdown. Heart.</p>
<p>White horses with white frontlet plumes came round the Rotunda
corner, galloping. A tiny coffin flashed by. In a hurry to bury. A
mourning coach. Unmarried. Black for the married. Piebald for bachelors.
Dun for a nun.</p>
<p>—Sad, Martin Cunningham said. A child.</p>
<p>A dwarf’s face, mauve and wrinkled like little Rudy’s was. Dwarf’s
body, weak as putty, in a whitelined deal box. Burial friendly society
pays. Penny a week for a sod of turf. Our. Little. Beggar. Baby. Meant
nothing. Mistake of nature. If it’s healthy it’s from the mother. If not
from the man. Better luck next time.</p>
<p>—Poor little thing, Mr Dedalus said. It’s well out of it.</p>
<p>The carriage climbed more slowly the hill of Rutland square. Rattle
his bones. Over the stones. Only a pauper. Nobody owns.</p>
<p>—In the midst of life, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>—But the worst of all, Mr Power said, is the man who takes his own
life.</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham drew out his watch briskly, coughed and put it
back.</p>
<p>—The greatest disgrace to have in the family, Mr Power added.</p>
<p>—Temporary insanity, of course, Martin Cunningham said decisively. We
must take a charitable view of it.</p>
<p>—They say a man who does it is a coward, Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>—It is not for us to judge, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, about to speak, closed his lips again. Martin Cunningham’s
large eyes. Looking away now. Sympathetic human man he is. Intelligent.
Like Shakespeare’s face. Always a good word to say. They have no mercy
on that here or infanticide. Refuse christian burial. They used to drive
a stake of wood through his heart in the grave. As if it wasn’t broken
already. Yet sometimes they repent too late. Found in the riverbed
clutching rushes. He looked at me. And that awful drunkard of a wife of
his. Setting up house for her time after time and then pawning the
furniture on him every Saturday almost. Leading him the life of the
damned. Wear the heart out of a stone, that. Monday morning. Start
afresh. Shoulder to the wheel. Lord, she must have looked a sight that
night Dedalus told me he was in there. Drunk about the place and
capering with Martin’s umbrella.</p>
<p>And they call me the jewel of Asia,<br />
Of Asia,<br />
The geisha.</p>
<p>He looked away from me. He knows. Rattle his bones.</p>
<p>That afternoon of the inquest. The redlabelled bottle on the table.
The room in the hotel with hunting pictures. Stuffy it was. Sunlight
through the slats of the Venetian blind. The coroner’s sunlit ears, big
and hairy. Boots giving evidence. Thought he was asleep first. Then saw
like yellow streaks on his face. Had slipped down to the foot of the
bed. Verdict: overdose. Death by misadventure. The letter. For my son
Leopold.</p>
<p>No more pain. Wake no more. Nobody owns.</p>
<p>The carriage rattled swiftly along Blessington street. Over the
stones.</p>
<p>—We are going the pace, I think, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>—God grant he doesn’t upset us on the road, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—I hope not, Martin Cunningham said. That will be a great race
tomorrow in Germany. The Gordon Bennett.</p>
<p>—Yes, by Jove, Mr Dedalus said. That will be worth seeing, faith.</p>
<p>As they turned into Berkeley street a streetorgan near the Basin sent
over and after them a rollicking rattling song of the halls. Has anybody
here seen Kelly? Kay ee double ell wy. Dead March from <em>Saul.</em>
He’s as bad as old Antonio. He left me on my ownio. Pirouette! The
<em>Mater Misericordiae</em>. Eccles street. My house down there. Big
place. Ward for incurables there. Very encouraging. Our Lady’s Hospice
for the dying. Deadhouse handy underneath. Where old Mrs Riordan died.
They look terrible the women. Her feeding cup and rubbing her mouth with
the spoon. Then the screen round her bed for her to die. Nice young
student that was dressed that bite the bee gave me. He’s gone over to
the lying-in hospital they told me. From one extreme to the other.</p>
<p>The carriage galloped round a corner: stopped.</p>
<p>—What’s wrong now?</p>
<p>A divided drove of branded cattle passed the windows, lowing,
slouching by on padded hoofs, whisking their tails slowly on their
clotted bony croups. Outside them and through them ran raddled sheep
bleating their fear.</p>
<p>—Emigrants, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—Huuuh! the drover’s voice cried, his switch sounding on their
flanks. Huuuh! out of that!</p>
<p>Thursday, of course. Tomorrow is killing day. Springers. Cuffe sold
them about twentyseven quid each. For Liverpool probably. Roastbeef for
old England. They buy up all the juicy ones. And then the fifth quarter
lost: all that raw stuff, hide, hair, horns. Comes to a big thing in a
year. Dead meat trade. Byproducts of the slaughterhouses for tanneries,
soap, margarine. Wonder if that dodge works now getting dicky meat off
the train at Clonsilla.</p>
<p>The carriage moved on through the drove.</p>
<p>—I can’t make out why the corporation doesn’t run a tramline from the
parkgate to the quays, Mr Bloom said. All those animals could be taken
in trucks down to the boats.</p>
<p>—Instead of blocking up the thoroughfare, Martin Cunningham said.
Quite right. They ought to.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said, and another thing I often thought, is to have
municipal funeral trams like they have in Milan, you know. Run the line
out to the cemetery gates and have special trams, hearse and carriage
and all. Don’t you see what I mean?</p>
<p>—O, that be damned for a story, Mr Dedalus said. Pullman car and
saloon diningroom.</p>
<p>—A poor lookout for Corny, Mr Power added.</p>
<p>—Why? Mr Bloom asked, turning to Mr Dedalus. Wouldn’t it be more
decent than galloping two abreast?</p>
<p>—Well, there’s something in that, Mr Dedalus granted.</p>
<p>—And, Martin Cunningham said, we wouldn’t have scenes like that when
the hearse capsized round Dunphy’s and upset the coffin on to the
road.</p>
<p>—That was terrible, Mr Power’s shocked face said, and the corpse fell
about the road. Terrible!</p>
<p>—First round Dunphy’s, Mr Dedalus said, nodding. Gordon Bennett
cup.</p>
<p>—Praises be to God! Martin Cunningham said piously.</p>
<p>Bom! Upset. A coffin bumped out on to the road. Burst open. Paddy
Dignam shot out and rolling over stiff in the dust in a brown habit too
large for him. Red face: grey now. Mouth fallen open. Asking what’s up
now. Quite right to close it. Looks horrid open. Then the insides
decompose quickly. Much better to close up all the orifices. Yes, also.
With wax. The sphincter loose. Seal up all.</p>
<p>—Dunphy’s, Mr Power announced as the carriage turned right.</p>
<p>Dunphy’s corner. Mourning coaches drawn up, drowning their grief. A
pause by the wayside. Tiptop position for a pub. Expect we’ll pull up
here on the way back to drink his health. Pass round the consolation.
Elixir of life.</p>
<p>But suppose now it did happen. Would he bleed if a nail say cut him
in the knocking about? He would and he wouldn’t, I suppose. Depends on
where. The circulation stops. Still some might ooze out of an artery. It
would be better to bury them in red: a dark red.</p>
<p>In silence they drove along Phibsborough road. An empty hearse
trotted by, coming from the cemetery: looks relieved.</p>
<p>Crossguns bridge: the royal canal.</p>
<p>Water rushed roaring through the sluices. A man stood on his dropping
barge, between clamps of turf. On the towpath by the lock a
slacktethered horse. Aboard of the <em>Bugabu.</em></p>
<p>Their eyes watched him. On the slow weedy waterway he had floated on
his raft coastward over Ireland drawn by a haulage rope past beds of
reeds, over slime, mudchoked bottles, carrion dogs. Athlone, Mullingar,
Moyvalley, I could make a walking tour to see Milly by the canal. Or
cycle down. Hire some old crock, safety. Wren had one the other day at
the auction but a lady’s. Developing waterways. James M’Cann’s hobby to
row me o’er the ferry. Cheaper transit. By easy stages. Houseboats.
Camping out. Also hearses. To heaven by water. Perhaps I will without
writing. Come as a surprise, Leixlip, Clonsilla. Dropping down lock by
lock to Dublin. With turf from the midland bogs. Salute. He lifted his
brown straw hat, saluting Paddy Dignam.</p>
<p>They drove on past Brian Boroimhe house. Near it now.</p>
<p>—I wonder how is our friend Fogarty getting on, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—Better ask Tom Kernan, Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>—How is that? Martin Cunningham said. Left him weeping, I
suppose?</p>
<p>—Though lost to sight, Mr Dedalus said, to memory dear.</p>
<p>The carriage steered left for Finglas road.</p>
<p>The stonecutter’s yard on the right. Last lap. Crowded on the spit of
land silent shapes appeared, white, sorrowful, holding out calm hands,
knelt in grief, pointing. Fragments of shapes, hewn. In white silence:
appealing. The best obtainable. Thos. H. Dennany, monumental builder and
sculptor.</p>
<p>Passed.</p>
<p>On the curbstone before Jimmy Geary, the sexton’s, an old tramp sat,
grumbling, emptying the dirt and stones out of his huge dustbrown
yawning boot. After life’s journey.</p>
<p>Gloomy gardens then went by: one by one: gloomy houses.</p>
<p>Mr Power pointed.</p>
<p>—That is where Childs was murdered, he said. The last house.</p>
<p>—So it is, Mr Dedalus said. A gruesome case. Seymour Bushe got him
off. Murdered his brother. Or so they said.</p>
<p>—The crown had no evidence, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—Only circumstantial, Martin Cunningham added. That’s the maxim of
the law. Better for ninetynine guilty to escape than for one innocent
person to be wrongfully condemned.</p>
<p>They looked. Murderer’s ground. It passed darkly. Shuttered,
tenantless, unweeded garden. Whole place gone to hell. Wrongfully
condemned. Murder. The murderer’s image in the eye of the murdered. They
love reading about it. Man’s head found in a garden. Her clothing
consisted of. How she met her death. Recent outrage. The weapon used.
Murderer is still at large. Clues. A shoelace. The body to be exhumed.
Murder will out.</p>
<p>Cramped in this carriage. She mightn’t like me to come that way
without letting her know. Must be careful about women. Catch them once
with their pants down. Never forgive you after. Fifteen.</p>
<p>The high railings of Prospect rippled past their gaze. Dark poplars,
rare white forms. Forms more frequent, white shapes thronged amid the
trees, white forms and fragments streaming by mutely, sustaining vain
gestures on the air.</p>
<p>The felly harshed against the curbstone: stopped. Martin Cunningham
put out his arm and, wrenching back the handle, shoved the door open
with his knee. He stepped out. Mr Power and Mr Dedalus followed.</p>
<p>Change that soap now. Mr Bloom’s hand unbuttoned his hip pocket
swiftly and transferred the paperstuck soap to his inner handkerchief
pocket. He stepped out of the carriage, replacing the newspaper his
other hand still held.</p>
<p>Paltry funeral: coach and three carriages. It’s all the same.
Pallbearers, gold reins, requiem mass, firing a volley. Pomp of death.
Beyond the hind carriage a hawker stood by his barrow of cakes and
fruit. Simnel cakes those are, stuck together: cakes for the dead.
Dogbiscuits. Who ate them? Mourners coming out.</p>
<p>He followed his companions. Mr Kernan and Ned Lambert followed, Hynes
walking after them. Corny Kelleher stood by the opened hearse and took
out the two wreaths. He handed one to the boy.</p>
<p>Where is that child’s funeral disappeared to?</p>
<p>A team of horses passed from Finglas with toiling plodding tread,
dragging through the funereal silence a creaking waggon on which lay a
granite block. The waggoner marching at their head saluted.</p>
<p>Coffin now. Got here before us, dead as he is. Horse looking round at
it with his plume skeowways. Dull eye: collar tight on his neck,
pressing on a bloodvessel or something. Do they know what they cart out
here every day? Must be twenty or thirty funerals every day. Then Mount
Jerome for the protestants. Funerals all over the world everywhere every
minute. Shovelling them under by the cartload doublequick. Thousands
every hour. Too many in the world.</p>
<p>Mourners came out through the gates: woman and a girl. Leanjawed
harpy, hard woman at a bargain, her bonnet awry. Girl’s face stained
with dirt and tears, holding the woman’s arm, looking up at her for a
sign to cry. Fish’s face, bloodless and livid.</p>
<p>The mutes shouldered the coffin and bore it in through the gates. So
much dead weight. Felt heavier myself stepping out of that bath. First
the stiff: then the friends of the stiff. Corny Kelleher and the boy
followed with their wreaths. Who is that beside them? Ah, the
brother-in-law.</p>
<p>All walked after.</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham whispered:</p>
<p>—I was in mortal agony with you talking of suicide before Bloom.</p>
<p>—What? Mr Power whispered. How so?</p>
<p>—His father poisoned himself, Martin Cunningham whispered. Had the
Queen’s hotel in Ennis. You heard him say he was going to Clare.
Anniversary.</p>
<p>—O God! Mr Power whispered. First I heard of it. Poisoned
himself?</p>
<p>He glanced behind him to where a face with dark thinking eyes
followed towards the cardinal’s mausoleum. Speaking.</p>
<p>—Was he insured? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>—I believe so, Mr Kernan answered. But the policy was heavily
mortgaged. Martin is trying to get the youngster into Artane.</p>
<p>—How many children did he leave?</p>
<p>—Five. Ned Lambert says he’ll try to get one of the girls into
Todd’s.</p>
<p>—A sad case, Mr Bloom said gently. Five young children.</p>
<p>—A great blow to the poor wife, Mr Kernan added.</p>
<p>—Indeed yes, Mr Bloom agreed.</p>
<p>Has the laugh at him now.</p>
<p>He looked down at the boots he had blacked and polished. She had
outlived him. Lost her husband. More dead for her than for me. One must
outlive the other. Wise men say. There are more women than men in the
world. Condole with her. Your terrible loss. I hope you’ll soon follow
him. For Hindu widows only. She would marry another. Him? No. Yet who
knows after. Widowhood not the thing since the old queen died. Drawn on
a guncarriage. Victoria and Albert. Frogmore memorial mourning. But in
the end she put a few violets in her bonnet. Vain in her heart of
hearts. All for a shadow. Consort not even a king. Her son was the
substance. Something new to hope for not like the past she wanted back,
waiting. It never comes. One must go first: alone, under the ground: and
lie no more in her warm bed.</p>
<p>—How are you, Simon? Ned Lambert said softly, clasping hands. Haven’t
seen you for a month of Sundays.</p>
<p>—Never better. How are all in Cork’s own town?</p>
<p>—I was down there for the Cork park races on Easter Monday, Ned
Lambert said. Same old six and eightpence. Stopped with Dick Tivy.</p>
<p>—And how is Dick, the solid man?</p>
<p>—Nothing between himself and heaven, Ned Lambert answered.</p>
<p>—By the holy Paul! Mr Dedalus said in subdued wonder. Dick Tivy
bald?</p>
<p>—Martin is going to get up a whip for the youngsters, Ned Lambert
said, pointing ahead. A few bob a skull. Just to keep them going till
the insurance is cleared up.</p>
<p>—Yes, yes, Mr Dedalus said dubiously. Is that the eldest boy in
front?</p>
<p>—Yes, Ned Lambert said, with the wife’s brother. John Henry Menton is
behind. He put down his name for a quid.</p>
<p>—I’ll engage he did, Mr Dedalus said. I often told poor Paddy he
ought to mind that job. John Henry is not the worst in the world.</p>
<p>—How did he lose it? Ned Lambert asked. Liquor, what?</p>
<p>—Many a good man’s fault, Mr Dedalus said with a sigh.</p>
<p>They halted about the door of the mortuary chapel. Mr Bloom stood
behind the boy with the wreath looking down at his sleekcombed hair and
at the slender furrowed neck inside his brandnew collar. Poor boy! Was
he there when the father? Both unconscious. Lighten up at the last
moment and recognise for the last time. All he might have done. I owe
three shillings to O’Grady. Would he understand? The mutes bore the
coffin into the chapel. Which end is his head?</p>
<p>After a moment he followed the others in, blinking in the screened
light. The coffin lay on its bier before the chancel, four tall yellow
candles at its corners. Always in front of us. Corny Kelleher, laying a
wreath at each fore corner, beckoned to the boy to kneel. The mourners
knelt here and there in prayingdesks. Mr Bloom stood behind near the
font and, when all had knelt, dropped carefully his unfolded newspaper
from his pocket and knelt his right knee upon it. He fitted his black
hat gently on his left knee and, holding its brim, bent over
piously.</p>
<p>A server bearing a brass bucket with something in it came out through
a door. The whitesmocked priest came after him, tidying his stole with
one hand, balancing with the other a little book against his toad’s
belly. Who’ll read the book? I, said the rook.</p>
<p>They halted by the bier and the priest began to read out of his book
with a fluent croak.</p>
<p>Father Coffey. I knew his name was like a coffin.
<em>Dominenamine.</em> Bully about the muzzle he looks. Bosses the show.
Muscular christian. Woe betide anyone that looks crooked at him: priest.
Thou art Peter. Burst sideways like a sheep in clover Dedalus says he
will. With a belly on him like a poisoned pup. Most amusing expressions
that man finds. Hhhn: burst sideways.</p>
<p><em>—Non intres in judicium cum servo tuo, Domine.</em></p>
<p>Makes them feel more important to be prayed over in Latin. Requiem
mass. Crape weepers. Blackedged notepaper. Your name on the altarlist.
Chilly place this. Want to feed well, sitting in there all the morning
in the gloom kicking his heels waiting for the next please. Eyes of a
toad too. What swells him up that way? Molly gets swelled after cabbage.
Air of the place maybe. Looks full up of bad gas. Must be an infernal
lot of bad gas round the place. Butchers, for instance: they get like
raw beefsteaks. Who was telling me? Mervyn Browne. Down in the vaults of
saint Werburgh’s lovely old organ hundred and fifty they have to bore a
hole in the coffins sometimes to let out the bad gas and burn it. Out it
rushes: blue. One whiff of that and you’re a goner.</p>
<p>My kneecap is hurting me. Ow. That’s better.</p>
<p>The priest took a stick with a knob at the end of it out of the boy’s
bucket and shook it over the coffin. Then he walked to the other end and
shook it again. Then he came back and put it back in the bucket. As you
were before you rested. It’s all written down: he has to do it.</p>
<p><em>—Et ne nos inducas in tentationem.</em></p>
<p>The server piped the answers in the treble. I often thought it would
be better to have boy servants. Up to fifteen or so. After that, of
course ...</p>
<p>Holy water that was, I expect. Shaking sleep out of it. He must be
fed up with that job, shaking that thing over all the corpses they trot
up. What harm if he could see what he was shaking it over. Every mortal
day a fresh batch: middleaged men, old women, children, women dead in
childbirth, men with beards, baldheaded businessmen, consumptive girls
with little sparrows’ breasts. All the year round he prayed the same
thing over them all and shook water on top of them: sleep. On Dignam
now.</p>
<p><em>—In paradisum.</em></p>
<p>Said he was going to paradise or is in paradise. Says that over
everybody. Tiresome kind of a job. But he has to say something.</p>
<p>The priest closed his book and went off, followed by the server.
Corny Kelleher opened the sidedoors and the gravediggers came in,
hoisted the coffin again, carried it out and shoved it on their cart.
Corny Kelleher gave one wreath to the boy and one to the brother-in-law.
All followed them out of the sidedoors into the mild grey air. Mr Bloom
came last folding his paper again into his pocket. He gazed gravely at
the ground till the coffincart wheeled off to the left. The metal wheels
ground the gravel with a sharp grating cry and the pack of blunt boots
followed the trundled barrow along a lane of sepulchres.</p>
<p>The ree the ra the ree the ra the roo. Lord, I mustn’t lilt here.</p>
<p>—The O’Connell circle, Mr Dedalus said about him.</p>
<p>Mr Power’s soft eyes went up to the apex of the lofty cone.</p>
<p>—He’s at rest, he said, in the middle of his people, old Dan O’. But
his heart is buried in Rome. How many broken hearts are buried here,
Simon!</p>
<p>—Her grave is over there, Jack, Mr Dedalus said. I’ll soon be
stretched beside her. Let Him take me whenever He likes.</p>
<p>Breaking down, he began to weep to himself quietly, stumbling a
little in his walk. Mr Power took his arm.</p>
<p>—She’s better where she is, he said kindly.</p>
<p>—I suppose so, Mr Dedalus said with a weak gasp. I suppose she is in
heaven if there is a heaven.</p>
<p>Corny Kelleher stepped aside from his rank and allowed the mourners
to plod by.</p>
<p>—Sad occasions, Mr Kernan began politely.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom closed his eyes and sadly twice bowed his head.</p>
<p>—The others are putting on their hats, Mr Kernan said. I suppose we
can do so too. We are the last. This cemetery is a treacherous
place.</p>
<p>They covered their heads.</p>
<p>—The reverend gentleman read the service too quickly, don’t you
think? Mr Kernan said with reproof.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom nodded gravely looking in the quick bloodshot eyes. Secret
eyes, secretsearching. Mason, I think: not sure. Beside him again. We
are the last. In the same boat. Hope he’ll say something else.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan added:</p>
<p>—The service of the Irish church used in Mount Jerome is simpler,
more impressive I must say.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom gave prudent assent. The language of course was another
thing.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan said with solemnity:</p>
<p>—<em>I am the resurrection and the life</em>. That touches a man’s
inmost heart.</p>
<p>—It does, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>Your heart perhaps but what price the fellow in the six feet by two
with his toes to the daisies? No touching that. Seat of the affections.
Broken heart. A pump after all, pumping thousands of gallons of blood
every day. One fine day it gets bunged up: and there you are. Lots of
them lying around here: lungs, hearts, livers. Old rusty pumps: damn the
thing else. The resurrection and the life. Once you are dead you are
dead. That last day idea. Knocking them all up out of their graves. Come
forth, Lazarus! And he came fifth and lost the job. Get up! Last day!
Then every fellow mousing around for his liver and his lights and the
rest of his traps. Find damn all of himself that morning. Pennyweight of
powder in a skull. Twelve grammes one pennyweight. Troy measure.</p>
<p>Corny Kelleher fell into step at their side.</p>
<p>—Everything went off A1, he said. What?</p>
<p>He looked on them from his drawling eye. Policeman’s shoulders. With
your tooraloom tooraloom.</p>
<p>—As it should be, Mr Kernan said.</p>
<p>—What? Eh? Corny Kelleher said.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan assured him.</p>
<p>—Who is that chap behind with Tom Kernan? John Henry Menton asked. I
know his face.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert glanced back.</p>
<p>—Bloom, he said, Madame Marion Tweedy that was, is, I mean, the
soprano. She’s his wife.</p>
<p>—O, to be sure, John Henry Menton said. I haven’t seen her for some
time. She was a finelooking woman. I danced with her, wait, fifteen
seventeen golden years ago, at Mat Dillon’s in Roundtown. And a good
armful she was.</p>
<p>He looked behind through the others.</p>
<p>—What is he? he asked. What does he do? Wasn’t he in the stationery
line? I fell foul of him one evening, I remember, at bowls.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert smiled.</p>
<p>—Yes, he was, he said, in Wisdom Hely’s. A traveller for
blottingpaper.</p>
<p>—In God’s name, John Henry Menton said, what did she marry a coon
like that for? She had plenty of game in her then.</p>
<p>—Has still, Ned Lambert said. He does some canvassing for ads.</p>
<p>John Henry Menton’s large eyes stared ahead.</p>
<p>The barrow turned into a side lane. A portly man, ambushed among the
grasses, raised his hat in homage. The gravediggers touched their
caps.</p>
<p>—John O’Connell, Mr Power said pleased. He never forgets a
friend.</p>
<p>Mr O’Connell shook all their hands in silence. Mr Dedalus said:</p>
<p>—I am come to pay you another visit.</p>
<p>—My dear Simon, the caretaker answered in a low voice. I don’t want
your custom at all.</p>
<p>Saluting Ned Lambert and John Henry Menton he walked on at Martin
Cunningham’s side puzzling two long keys at his back.</p>
<p>—Did you hear that one, he asked them, about Mulcahy from the
Coombe?</p>
<p>—I did not, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>They bent their silk hats in concert and Hynes inclined his ear. The
caretaker hung his thumbs in the loops of his gold watchchain and spoke
in a discreet tone to their vacant smiles.</p>
<p>—They tell the story, he said, that two drunks came out here one
foggy evening to look for the grave of a friend of theirs. They asked
for Mulcahy from the Coombe and were told where he was buried. After
traipsing about in the fog they found the grave sure enough. One of the
drunks spelt out the name: Terence Mulcahy. The other drunk was blinking
up at a statue of Our Saviour the widow had got put up.</p>
<p>The caretaker blinked up at one of the sepulchres they passed. He
resumed:</p>
<p>—And, after blinking up at the sacred figure, <em>Not a bloody bit
like the man</em>, says he. <em>That’s not Mulcahy</em>, says he,
<em>whoever done it</em>.</p>
<p>Rewarded by smiles he fell back and spoke with Corny Kelleher,
accepting the dockets given him, turning them over and scanning them as
he walked.</p>
<p>—That’s all done with a purpose, Martin Cunningham explained to
Hynes.</p>
<p>—I know, Hynes said. I know that.</p>
<p>—To cheer a fellow up, Martin Cunningham said. It’s pure
goodheartedness: damn the thing else.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom admired the caretaker’s prosperous bulk. All want to be on
good terms with him. Decent fellow, John O’Connell, real good sort.
Keys: like Keyes’s ad: no fear of anyone getting out. No passout checks.
<em>Habeas corpus</em>. I must see about that ad after the funeral. Did
I write Ballsbridge on the envelope I took to cover when she disturbed
me writing to Martha? Hope it’s not chucked in the dead letter office.
Be the better of a shave. Grey sprouting beard. That’s the first sign
when the hairs come out grey. And temper getting cross. Silver threads
among the grey. Fancy being his wife. Wonder he had the gumption to
propose to any girl. Come out and live in the graveyard. Dangle that
before her. It might thrill her first. Courting death. Shades of night
hovering here with all the dead stretched about. The shadows of the
tombs when churchyards yawn and Daniel O’Connell must be a descendant I
suppose who is this used to say he was a queer breedy man great catholic
all the same like a big giant in the dark. Will o’ the wisp. Gas of
graves. Want to keep her mind off it to conceive at all. Women
especially are so touchy. Tell her a ghost story in bed to make her
sleep. Have you ever seen a ghost? Well, I have. It was a pitchdark
night. The clock was on the stroke of twelve. Still they’d kiss all
right if properly keyed up. Whores in Turkish graveyards. Learn anything
if taken young. You might pick up a young widow here. Men like that.
Love among the tombstones. Romeo. Spice of pleasure. In the midst of
death we are in life. Both ends meet. Tantalising for the poor dead.
Smell of grilled beefsteaks to the starving. Gnawing their vitals.
Desire to grig people. Molly wanting to do it at the window. Eight
children he has anyway.</p>
<p>He has seen a fair share go under in his time, lying around him field
after field. Holy fields. More room if they buried them standing.
Sitting or kneeling you couldn’t. Standing? His head might come up some
day above ground in a landslip with his hand pointing. All honeycombed
the ground must be: oblong cells. And very neat he keeps it too: trim
grass and edgings. His garden Major Gamble calls Mount Jerome. Well, so
it is. Ought to be flowers of sleep. Chinese cemeteries with giant
poppies growing produce the best opium Mastiansky told me. The Botanic
Gardens are just over there. It’s the blood sinking in the earth gives
new life. Same idea those jews they said killed the christian boy. Every
man his price. Well preserved fat corpse, gentleman, epicure, invaluable
for fruit garden. A bargain. By carcass of William Wilkinson, auditor
and accountant, lately deceased, three pounds thirteen and six. With
thanks.</p>
<p>I daresay the soil would be quite fat with corpsemanure, bones,
flesh, nails. Charnelhouses. Dreadful. Turning green and pink
decomposing. Rot quick in damp earth. The lean old ones tougher. Then a
kind of a tallowy kind of a cheesy. Then begin to get black, black
treacle oozing out of them. Then dried up. Deathmoths. Of course the
cells or whatever they are go on living. Changing about. Live for ever
practically. Nothing to feed on feed on themselves.</p>
<p>But they must breed a devil of a lot of maggots. Soil must be simply
swirling with them. Your head it simply swurls. Those pretty little
seaside gurls. He looks cheerful enough over it. Gives him a sense of
power seeing all the others go under first. Wonder how he looks at life.
Cracking his jokes too: warms the cockles of his heart. The one about
the bulletin. Spurgeon went to heaven 4 a.m. this morning. 11 p.m.
(closing time). Not arrived yet. Peter. The dead themselves the men
anyhow would like to hear an odd joke or the women to know what’s in
fashion. A juicy pear or ladies’ punch, hot, strong and sweet. Keep out
the damp. You must laugh sometimes so better do it that way.
Gravediggers in <em>Hamlet</em>. Shows the profound knowledge of the
human heart. Daren’t joke about the dead for two years at least. <em>De
mortuis nil nisi prius</em>. Go out of mourning first. Hard to imagine
his funeral. Seems a sort of a joke. Read your own obituary notice they
say you live longer. Gives you second wind. New lease of life.</p>
<p>—How many have you for tomorrow? the caretaker asked.</p>
<p>—Two, Corny Kelleher said. Half ten and eleven.</p>
<p>The caretaker put the papers in his pocket. The barrow had ceased to
trundle. The mourners split and moved to each side of the hole, stepping
with care round the graves. The gravediggers bore the coffin and set its
nose on the brink, looping the bands round it.</p>
<p>Burying him. We come to bury Cæsar. His ides of March or June. He
doesn’t know who is here nor care. Now who is that lankylooking galoot
over there in the macintosh? Now who is he I’d like to know? Now I’d
give a trifle to know who he is. Always someone turns up you never
dreamt of. A fellow could live on his lonesome all his life. Yes, he
could. Still he’d have to get someone to sod him after he died though he
could dig his own grave. We all do. Only man buries. No, ants too. First
thing strikes anybody. Bury the dead. Say Robinson Crusoe was true to
life. Well then Friday buried him. Every Friday buries a Thursday if you
come to look at it.</p>
<p>O, poor Robinson Crusoe!<br />
How could you possibly do so?</p>
<p>Poor Dignam! His last lie on the earth in his box. When you think of
them all it does seem a waste of wood. All gnawed through. They could
invent a handsome bier with a kind of panel sliding, let it down that
way. Ay but they might object to be buried out of another fellow’s.
They’re so particular. Lay me in my native earth. Bit of clay from the
holy land. Only a mother and deadborn child ever buried in the one
coffin. I see what it means. I see. To protect him as long as possible
even in the earth. The Irishman’s house is his coffin. Embalming in
catacombs, mummies the same idea.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom stood far back, his hat in his hand, counting the bared
heads. Twelve. I’m thirteen. No. The chap in the macintosh is thirteen.
Death’s number. Where the deuce did he pop out of? He wasn’t in the
chapel, that I’ll swear. Silly superstition that about thirteen.</p>
<p>Nice soft tweed Ned Lambert has in that suit. Tinge of purple. I had
one like that when we lived in Lombard street west. Dressy fellow he was
once. Used to change three suits in the day. Must get that grey suit of
mine turned by Mesias. Hello. It’s dyed. His wife I forgot he’s not
married or his landlady ought to have picked out those threads for
him.</p>
<p>The coffin dived out of sight, eased down by the men straddled on the
gravetrestles. They struggled up and out: and all uncovered. Twenty.</p>
<p>Pause.</p>
<p>If we were all suddenly somebody else.</p>
<p>Far away a donkey brayed. Rain. No such ass. Never see a dead one,
they say. Shame of death. They hide. Also poor papa went away.</p>
<p>Gentle sweet air blew round the bared heads in a whisper. Whisper.
The boy by the gravehead held his wreath with both hands staring quietly
in the black open space. Mr Bloom moved behind the portly kindly
caretaker. Wellcut frockcoat. Weighing them up perhaps to see which will
go next. Well, it is a long rest. Feel no more. It’s the moment you
feel. Must be damned unpleasant. Can’t believe it at first. Mistake must
be: someone else. Try the house opposite. Wait, I wanted to. I haven’t
yet. Then darkened deathchamber. Light they want. Whispering around you.
Would you like to see a priest? Then rambling and wandering. Delirium
all you hid all your life. The death struggle. His sleep is not natural.
Press his lower eyelid. Watching is his nose pointed is his jaw sinking
are the soles of his feet yellow. Pull the pillow away and finish it off
on the floor since he’s doomed. Devil in that picture of sinner’s death
showing him a woman. Dying to embrace her in his shirt. Last act of
<em>Lucia. Shall I nevermore behold thee</em>? Bam! He expires. Gone at
last. People talk about you a bit: forget you. Don’t forget to pray for
him. Remember him in your prayers. Even Parnell. Ivy day dying out. Then
they follow: dropping into a hole, one after the other.</p>
<p>We are praying now for the repose of his soul. Hoping you’re well and
not in hell. Nice change of air. Out of the fryingpan of life into the
fire of purgatory.</p>
<p>Does he ever think of the hole waiting for himself? They say you do
when you shiver in the sun. Someone walking over it. Callboy’s warning.
Near you. Mine over there towards Finglas, the plot I bought. Mamma,
poor mamma, and little Rudy.</p>
<p>The gravediggers took up their spades and flung heavy clods of clay
in on the coffin. Mr Bloom turned away his face. And if he was alive all
the time? Whew! By jingo, that would be awful! No, no: he is dead, of
course. Of course he is dead. Monday he died. They ought to have some
law to pierce the heart and make sure or an electric clock or a
telephone in the coffin and some kind of a canvas airhole. Flag of
distress. Three days. Rather long to keep them in summer. Just as well
to get shut of them as soon as you are sure there’s no.</p>
<p>The clay fell softer. Begin to be forgotten. Out of sight, out of
mind.</p>
<p>The caretaker moved away a few paces and put on his hat. Had enough
of it. The mourners took heart of grace, one by one, covering themselves
without show. Mr Bloom put on his hat and saw the portly figure make its
way deftly through the maze of graves. Quietly, sure of his ground, he
traversed the dismal fields.</p>
<p>Hynes jotting down something in his notebook. Ah, the names. But he
knows them all. No: coming to me.</p>
<p>—I am just taking the names, Hynes said below his breath. What is
your christian name? I’m not sure.</p>
<p>—L, Mr Bloom said. Leopold. And you might put down M’Coy’s name too.
He asked me to.</p>
<p>—Charley, Hynes said writing. I know. He was on the <em>Freeman</em>
once.</p>
<p>So he was before he got the job in the morgue under Louis Byrne. Good
idea a postmortem for doctors. Find out what they imagine they know. He
died of a Tuesday. Got the run. Levanted with the cash of a few ads.
Charley, you’re my darling. That was why he asked me to. O well, does no
harm. I saw to that, M’Coy. Thanks, old chap: much obliged. Leave him
under an obligation: costs nothing.</p>
<p>—And tell us, Hynes said, do you know that fellow in the, fellow was
over there in the...</p>
<p>He looked around.</p>
<p>—Macintosh. Yes, I saw him, Mr Bloom said. Where is he now?</p>
<p>—M’Intosh, Hynes said scribbling. I don’t know who he is. Is that his
name?</p>
<p>He moved away, looking about him.</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom began, turning and stopping. I say, Hynes!</p>
<p>Didn’t hear. What? Where has he disappeared to? Not a sign. Well of
all the. Has anybody here seen? Kay ee double ell. Become invisible.
Good Lord, what became of him?</p>
<p>A seventh gravedigger came beside Mr Bloom to take up an idle
spade.</p>
<p>—O, excuse me!</p>
<p>He stepped aside nimbly.</p>
<p>Clay, brown, damp, began to be seen in the hole. It rose. Nearly
over. A mound of damp clods rose more, rose, and the gravediggers rested
their spades. All uncovered again for a few instants. The boy propped
his wreath against a corner: the brother-in-law his on a lump. The
gravediggers put on their caps and carried their earthy spades towards
the barrow. Then knocked the blades lightly on the turf: clean. One bent
to pluck from the haft a long tuft of grass. One, leaving his mates,
walked slowly on with shouldered weapon, its blade blueglancing.
Silently at the gravehead another coiled the coffinband. His navelcord.
The brother-in-law, turning away, placed something in his free hand.
Thanks in silence. Sorry, sir: trouble. Headshake. I know that. For
yourselves just.</p>
<p>The mourners moved away slowly without aim, by devious paths, staying
at whiles to read a name on a tomb.</p>
<p>—Let us go round by the chief’s grave, Hynes said. We have time.</p>
<p>—Let us, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>They turned to the right, following their slow thoughts. With awe Mr
Power’s blank voice spoke:</p>
<p>—Some say he is not in that grave at all. That the coffin was filled
with stones. That one day he will come again.</p>
<p>Hynes shook his head.</p>
<p>—Parnell will never come again, he said. He’s there, all that was
mortal of him. Peace to his ashes.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom walked unheeded along his grove by saddened angels, crosses,
broken pillars, family vaults, stone hopes praying with upcast eyes, old
Ireland’s hearts and hands. More sensible to spend the money on some
charity for the living. Pray for the repose of the soul of. Does anybody
really? Plant him and have done with him. Like down a coalshoot. Then
lump them together to save time. All souls’ day. Twentyseventh I’ll be
at his grave. Ten shillings for the gardener. He keeps it free of weeds.
Old man himself. Bent down double with his shears clipping. Near death’s
door. Who passed away. Who departed this life. As if they did it of
their own accord. Got the shove, all of them. Who kicked the bucket.
More interesting if they told you what they were. So and So,
wheelwright. I travelled for cork lino. I paid five shillings in the
pound. Or a woman’s with her saucepan. I cooked good Irish stew. Eulogy
in a country churchyard it ought to be that poem of whose is it
Wordsworth or Thomas Campbell. Entered into rest the protestants put it.
Old Dr Murren’s. The great physician called him home. Well it’s God’s
acre for them. Nice country residence. Newly plastered and painted.
Ideal spot to have a quiet smoke and read the <em>Church Times.</em>
Marriage ads they never try to beautify. Rusty wreaths hung on knobs,
garlands of bronzefoil. Better value that for the money. Still, the
flowers are more poetical. The other gets rather tiresome, never
withering. Expresses nothing. Immortelles.</p>
<p>A bird sat tamely perched on a poplar branch. Like stuffed. Like the
wedding present alderman Hooper gave us. Hoo! Not a budge out of him.
Knows there are no catapults to let fly at him. Dead animal even sadder.
Silly-Milly burying the little dead bird in the kitchen matchbox, a
daisychain and bits of broken chainies on the grave.</p>
<p>The Sacred Heart that is: showing it. Heart on his sleeve. Ought to
be sideways and red it should be painted like a real heart. Ireland was
dedicated to it or whatever that. Seems anything but pleased. Why this
infliction? Would birds come then and peck like the boy with the basket
of fruit but he said no because they ought to have been afraid of the
boy. Apollo that was.</p>
<p>How many! All these here once walked round Dublin. Faithful departed.
As you are now so once were we.</p>
<p>Besides how could you remember everybody? Eyes, walk, voice. Well,
the voice, yes: gramophone. Have a gramophone in every grave or keep it
in the house. After dinner on a Sunday. Put on poor old
greatgrandfather. Kraahraark! Hellohellohello amawfullyglad kraark
awfullygladaseeagain hellohello amawf krpthsth. Remind you of the voice
like the photograph reminds you of the face. Otherwise you couldn’t
remember the face after fifteen years, say. For instance who? For
instance some fellow that died when I was in Wisdom Hely’s.</p>
<p>Rtststr! A rattle of pebbles. Wait. Stop!</p>
<p>He looked down intently into a stone crypt. Some animal. Wait. There
he goes.</p>
<p>An obese grey rat toddled along the side of the crypt, moving the
pebbles. An old stager: greatgrandfather: he knows the ropes. The grey
alive crushed itself in under the plinth, wriggled itself in under it.
Good hidingplace for treasure.</p>
<p>Who lives there? Are laid the remains of Robert Emery. Robert Emmet
was buried here by torchlight, wasn’t he? Making his rounds.</p>
<p>Tail gone now.</p>
<p>One of those chaps would make short work of a fellow. Pick the bones
clean no matter who it was. Ordinary meat for them. A corpse is meat
gone bad. Well and what’s cheese? Corpse of milk. I read in that
<em>Voyages in China</em> that the Chinese say a white man smells like a
corpse. Cremation better. Priests dead against it. Devilling for the
other firm. Wholesale burners and Dutch oven dealers. Time of the
plague. Quicklime feverpits to eat them. Lethal chamber. Ashes to ashes.
Or bury at sea. Where is that Parsee tower of silence? Eaten by birds.
Earth, fire, water. Drowning they say is the pleasantest. See your whole
life in a flash. But being brought back to life no. Can’t bury in the
air however. Out of a flying machine. Wonder does the news go about
whenever a fresh one is let down. Underground communication. We learned
that from them. Wouldn’t be surprised. Regular square feed for them.
Flies come before he’s well dead. Got wind of Dignam. They wouldn’t care
about the smell of it. Saltwhite crumbling mush of corpse: smell, taste
like raw white turnips.</p>
<p>The gates glimmered in front: still open. Back to the world again.
Enough of this place. Brings you a bit nearer every time. Last time I
was here was Mrs Sinico’s funeral. Poor papa too. The love that kills.
And even scraping up the earth at night with a lantern like that case I
read of to get at fresh buried females or even putrefied with running
gravesores. Give you the creeps after a bit. I will appear to you after
death. You will see my ghost after death. My ghost will haunt you after
death. There is another world after death named hell. I do not like that
other world she wrote. No more do I. Plenty to see and hear and feel
yet. Feel live warm beings near you. Let them sleep in their maggoty
beds. They are not going to get me this innings. Warm beds: warm
fullblooded life.</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham emerged from a sidepath, talking gravely.</p>
<p>Solicitor, I think. I know his face. Menton, John Henry, solicitor,
commissioner for oaths and affidavits. Dignam used to be in his office.
Mat Dillon’s long ago. Jolly Mat. Convivial evenings. Cold fowl, cigars,
the Tantalus glasses. Heart of gold really. Yes, Menton. Got his rag out
that evening on the bowlinggreen because I sailed inside him. Pure fluke
of mine: the bias. Why he took such a rooted dislike to me. Hate at
first sight. Molly and Floey Dillon linked under the lilactree,
laughing. Fellow always like that, mortified if women are by.</p>
<p>Got a dinge in the side of his hat. Carriage probably.</p>
<p>—Excuse me, sir, Mr Bloom said beside them.</p>
<p>They stopped.</p>
<p>—Your hat is a little crushed, Mr Bloom said pointing.</p>
<p>John Henry Menton stared at him for an instant without moving.</p>
<p>—There, Martin Cunningham helped, pointing also.</p>
<p>John Henry Menton took off his hat, bulged out the dinge and smoothed
the nap with care on his coatsleeve. He clapped the hat on his head
again.</p>
<p>—It’s all right now, Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>John Henry Menton jerked his head down in acknowledgment.</p>
<p>—Thank you, he said shortly.</p>
<p>They walked on towards the gates. Mr Bloom, chapfallen, drew behind a
few paces so as not to overhear. Martin laying down the law. Martin
could wind a sappyhead like that round his little finger, without his
seeing it.</p>
<p>Oyster eyes. Never mind. Be sorry after perhaps when it dawns on him.
Get the pull over him that way.</p>
<p>Thank you. How grand we are this morning!</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00010"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_chap07"></span>[ 7
]</h3>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00011"><strong>IN
THE HEART OF THE HIBERNIAN METROPOLIS</strong></h4>
<p>Before Nelson’s pillar trams slowed, shunted, changed trolley,
started for Blackrock, Kingstown and Dalkey, Clonskea, Rathgar and
Terenure, Palmerston Park and upper Rathmines, Sandymount Green,
Rathmines, Ringsend and Sandymount Tower, Harold’s Cross. The hoarse
Dublin United Tramway Company’s timekeeper bawled them off:</p>
<p>—Rathgar and Terenure!</p>
<p>—Come on, Sandymount Green!</p>
<p>Right and left parallel clanging ringing a doubledecker and a
singledeck moved from their railheads, swerved to the down line, glided
parallel.</p>
<p>—Start, Palmerston Park!</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00012"><strong>THE
WEARER OF THE CROWN</strong></h4>
<p>Under the porch of the general post office shoeblacks called and
polished. Parked in North Prince’s street His Majesty’s vermilion
mailcars, bearing on their sides the royal initials, E. R., received
loudly flung sacks of letters, postcards, lettercards, parcels, insured
and paid, for local, provincial, British and overseas delivery.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00013"><strong>GENTLEMEN
OF THE PRESS</strong></h4>
<p>Grossbooted draymen rolled barrels dullthudding out of Prince’s
stores and bumped them up on the brewery float. On the brewery float
bumped dullthudding barrels rolled by grossbooted draymen out of
Prince’s stores.</p>
<p>—There it is, Red Murray said. Alexander Keyes.</p>
<p>—Just cut it out, will you? Mr Bloom said, and I’ll take it round to
the <em>Telegraph</em> office.</p>
<p>The door of Ruttledge’s office creaked again. Davy Stephens, minute
in a large capecoat, a small felt hat crowning his ringlets, passed out
with a roll of papers under his cape, a king’s courier.</p>
<p>Red Murray’s long shears sliced out the advertisement from the
newspaper in four clean strokes. Scissors and paste.</p>
<p>—I’ll go through the printingworks, Mr Bloom said, taking the cut
square.</p>
<p>—Of course, if he wants a par, Red Murray said earnestly, a pen
behind his ear, we can do him one.</p>
<p>—Right, Mr Bloom said with a nod. I’ll rub that in.</p>
<p>We.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00014"><strong>WILLIAM
BRAYDEN, ESQUIRE, OF OAKLANDS, SANDYMOUNT</strong></h4>
<p>Red Murray touched Mr Bloom’s arm with the shears and whispered:</p>
<p>—Brayden.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom turned and saw the liveried porter raise his lettered cap as
a stately figure entered between the newsboards of the <em>Weekly
Freeman and National Press</em> and the <em>Freeman’s Journal and
National Press</em>. Dullthudding Guinness’s barrels. It passed
statelily up the staircase, steered by an umbrella, a solemn beardframed
face. The broadcloth back ascended each step: back. All his brains are
in the nape of his neck, Simon Dedalus says. Welts of flesh behind on
him. Fat folds of neck, fat, neck, fat, neck.</p>
<p>—Don’t you think his face is like Our Saviour? Red Murray
whispered.</p>
<p>The door of Ruttledge’s office whispered: ee: cree. They always build
one door opposite another for the wind to. Way in. Way out.</p>
<p>Our Saviour: beardframed oval face: talking in the dusk. Mary,
Martha. Steered by an umbrella sword to the footlights: Mario the
tenor.</p>
<p>—Or like Mario, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>—Yes, Red Murray agreed. But Mario was said to be the picture of Our
Saviour.</p>
<p>Jesusmario with rougy cheeks, doublet and spindle legs. Hand on his
heart. In <em>Martha.</em></p>
<p>Co-ome thou lost one,<br />
Co-ome thou dear one!</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00015"><strong>THE
CROZIER AND THE PEN</strong></h4>
<p>—His grace phoned down twice this morning, Red Murray said
gravely.</p>
<p>They watched the knees, legs, boots vanish. Neck.</p>
<p>A telegram boy stepped in nimbly, threw an envelope on the counter
and stepped off posthaste with a word:</p>
<p><em>—Freeman!</em></p>
<p>Mr Bloom said slowly:</p>
<p>—Well, he is one of our saviours also.</p>
<p>A meek smile accompanied him as he lifted the counterflap, as he
passed in through a sidedoor and along the warm dark stairs and passage,
along the now reverberating boards. But will he save the circulation?
Thumping. Thumping.</p>
<p>He pushed in the glass swingdoor and entered, stepping over strewn
packing paper. Through a lane of clanking drums he made his way towards
Nannetti’s reading closet.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00016"><strong>WITH
UNFEIGNED REGRET IT IS WE ANNOUNCE THE DISSOLUTION OF A MOST RESPECTED
DUBLIN BURGESS</strong></h4>
<p>Hynes here too: account of the funeral probably. Thumping. Thump.
This morning the remains of the late Mr Patrick Dignam. Machines. Smash
a man to atoms if they got him caught. Rule the world today. His
machineries are pegging away too. Like these, got out of hand:
fermenting. Working away, tearing away. And that old grey rat tearing to
get in.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00017"><strong>HOW
A GREAT DAILY ORGAN IS TURNED OUT</strong></h4>
<p>Mr Bloom halted behind the foreman’s spare body, admiring a glossy
crown.</p>
<p>Strange he never saw his real country. Ireland my country. Member for
College green. He boomed that workaday worker tack for all it was worth.
It’s the ads and side features sell a weekly, not the stale news in the
official gazette. Queen Anne is dead. Published by authority in the year
one thousand and. Demesne situate in the townland of Rosenallis, barony
of Tinnahinch. To all whom it may concern schedule pursuant to statute
showing return of number of mules and jennets exported from Ballina.
Nature notes. Cartoons. Phil Blake’s weekly Pat and Bull story. Uncle
Toby’s page for tiny tots. Country bumpkin’s queries. Dear Mr Editor,
what is a good cure for flatulence? I’d like that part. Learn a lot
teaching others. The personal note. M. A. P. Mainly all pictures.
Shapely bathers on golden strand. World’s biggest balloon. Double
marriage of sisters celebrated. Two bridegrooms laughing heartily at
each other. Cuprani too, printer. More Irish than the Irish.</p>
<p>The machines clanked in threefour time. Thump, thump, thump. Now if
he got paralysed there and no-one knew how to stop them they’d clank on
and on the same, print it over and over and up and back. Monkeydoodle
the whole thing. Want a cool head.</p>
<p>—Well, get it into the evening edition, councillor, Hynes said.</p>
<p>Soon be calling him my lord mayor. Long John is backing him, they
say.</p>
<p>The foreman, without answering, scribbled press on a corner of the
sheet and made a sign to a typesetter. He handed the sheet silently over
the dirty glass screen.</p>
<p>—Right: thanks, Hynes said moving off.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom stood in his way.</p>
<p>—If you want to draw the cashier is just going to lunch, he said,
pointing backward with his thumb.</p>
<p>—Did you? Hynes asked.</p>
<p>—Mm, Mr Bloom said. Look sharp and you’ll catch him.</p>
<p>—Thanks, old man, Hynes said. I’ll tap him too.</p>
<p>He hurried on eagerly towards the <em>Freeman’s Journal</em>.</p>
<p>Three bob I lent him in Meagher’s. Three weeks. Third hint.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00018"><strong>WE
SEE THE CANVASSER AT WORK</strong></h4>
<p>Mr Bloom laid his cutting on Mr Nannetti’s desk.</p>
<p>—Excuse me, councillor, he said. This ad, you see. Keyes, you
remember?</p>
<p>Mr Nannetti considered the cutting awhile and nodded.</p>
<p>—He wants it in for July, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>The foreman moved his pencil towards it.</p>
<p>—But wait, Mr Bloom said. He wants it changed. Keyes, you see. He
wants two keys at the top.</p>
<p>Hell of a racket they make. He doesn’t hear it. Nannan. Iron nerves.
Maybe he understands what I.</p>
<p>The foreman turned round to hear patiently and, lifting an elbow,
began to scratch slowly in the armpit of his alpaca jacket.</p>
<p>—Like that, Mr Bloom said, crossing his forefingers at the top.</p>
<p>Let him take that in first.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, glancing sideways up from the cross he had made, saw the
foreman’s sallow face, think he has a touch of jaundice, and beyond the
obedient reels feeding in huge webs of paper. Clank it. Clank it. Miles
of it unreeled. What becomes of it after? O, wrap up meat, parcels:
various uses, thousand and one things.</p>
<p>Slipping his words deftly into the pauses of the clanking he drew
swiftly on the scarred woodwork.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00019"><strong>HOUSE
OF KEY(E)S</strong></h4>
<p>—Like that, see. Two crossed keys here. A circle. Then here the name.
Alexander Keyes, tea, wine and spirit merchant. So on.</p>
<p>Better not teach him his own business.</p>
<p>—You know yourself, councillor, just what he wants. Then round the
top in leaded: the house of keys. You see? Do you think that’s a good
idea?</p>
<p>The foreman moved his scratching hand to his lower ribs and scratched
there quietly.</p>
<p>—The idea, Mr Bloom said, is the house of keys. You know, councillor,
the Manx parliament. Innuendo of home rule. Tourists, you know, from the
isle of Man. Catches the eye, you see. Can you do that?</p>
<p>I could ask him perhaps about how to pronounce that <em>voglio.</em>
But then if he didn’t know only make it awkward for him. Better not.</p>
<p>—We can do that, the foreman said. Have you the design?</p>
<p>—I can get it, Mr Bloom said. It was in a Kilkenny paper. He has a
house there too. I’ll just run out and ask him. Well, you can do that
and just a little par calling attention. You know the usual. Highclass
licensed premises. Longfelt want. So on.</p>
<p>The foreman thought for an instant.</p>
<p>—We can do that, he said. Let him give us a three months’
renewal.</p>
<p>A typesetter brought him a limp galleypage. He began to check it
silently. Mr Bloom stood by, hearing the loud throbs of cranks, watching
the silent typesetters at their cases.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00020"><strong>ORTHOGRAPHICAL</strong></h4>
<p>Want to be sure of his spelling. Proof fever. Martin Cunningham
forgot to give us his spellingbee conundrum this morning. It is amusing
to view the unpar one ar alleled embarra two ars is it? double ess ment
of a harassed pedlar while gauging au the symmetry with a y of a peeled
pear under a cemetery wall. Silly, isn’t it? Cemetery put in of course
on account of the symmetry.</p>
<p>I should have said when he clapped on his topper. Thank you. I ought
to have said something about an old hat or something. No. I could have
said. Looks as good as new now. See his phiz then.</p>
<p>Sllt. The nethermost deck of the first machine jogged forward its
flyboard with sllt the first batch of quirefolded papers. Sllt. Almost
human the way it sllt to call attention. Doing its level best to speak.
That door too sllt creaking, asking to be shut. Everything speaks in its
own way. Sllt.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00021"><strong>NOTED
CHURCHMAN AN OCCASIONAL CONTRIBUTOR</strong></h4>
<p>The foreman handed back the galleypage suddenly, saying:</p>
<p>—Wait. Where’s the archbishop’s letter? It’s to be repeated in the
<em>Telegraph.</em> Where’s what’s his name?</p>
<p>He looked about him round his loud unanswering machines.</p>
<p>—Monks, sir? a voice asked from the castingbox.</p>
<p>—Ay. Where’s Monks?</p>
<p>—Monks!</p>
<p>Mr Bloom took up his cutting. Time to get out.</p>
<p>—Then I’ll get the design, Mr Nannetti, he said, and you’ll give it a
good place I know.</p>
<p>—Monks!</p>
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<p>Three months’ renewal. Want to get some wind off my chest first. Try
it anyhow. Rub in August: good idea: horseshow month. Ballsbridge.
Tourists over for the show.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00022"><strong>A
DAYFATHER</strong></h4>
<p>He walked on through the caseroom passing an old man, bowed,
spectacled, aproned. Old Monks, the dayfather. Queer lot of stuff he
must have put through his hands in his time: obituary notices, pubs’
ads, speeches, divorce suits, found drowned. Nearing the end of his
tether now. Sober serious man with a bit in the savingsbank I’d say.
Wife a good cook and washer. Daughter working the machine in the
parlour. Plain Jane, no damn nonsense.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00023"><strong>AND
IT WAS THE FEAST OF THE PASSOVER</strong></h4>
<p>He stayed in his walk to watch a typesetter neatly distributing type.
Reads it backwards first. Quickly he does it. Must require some practice
that. mangiD kcirtaP. Poor papa with his hagadah book, reading backwards
with his finger to me. Pessach. Next year in Jerusalem. Dear, O dear!
All that long business about that brought us out of the land of Egypt
and into the house of bondage <em>alleluia. Shema Israel Adonai
Elohenu</em>. No, that’s the other. Then the twelve brothers, Jacob’s
sons. And then the lamb and the cat and the dog and the stick and the
water and the butcher. And then the angel of death kills the butcher and
he kills the ox and the dog kills the cat. Sounds a bit silly till you
come to look into it well. Justice it means but it’s everybody eating
everyone else. That’s what life is after all. How quickly he does that
job. Practice makes perfect. Seems to see with his fingers.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom passed on out of the clanking noises through the gallery on
to the landing. Now am I going to tram it out all the way and then catch
him out perhaps. Better phone him up first. Number? Yes. Same as
Citron’s house. Twentyeight. Twentyeight double four.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00024"><strong>ONLY
ONCE MORE THAT SOAP</strong></h4>
<p>He went down the house staircase. Who the deuce scrawled all over
those walls with matches? Looks as if they did it for a bet. Heavy
greasy smell there always is in those works. Lukewarm glue in Thom’s
next door when I was there.</p>
<p>He took out his handkerchief to dab his nose. Citronlemon? Ah, the
soap I put there. Lose it out of that pocket. Putting back his
handkerchief he took out the soap and stowed it away, buttoned, into the
hip pocket of his trousers.</p>
<p>What perfume does your wife use? I could go home still: tram:
something I forgot. Just to see: before: dressing. No. Here. No.</p>
<p>A sudden screech of laughter came from the <em>Evening Telegraph</em>
office. Know who that is. What’s up? Pop in a minute to phone. Ned
Lambert it is.</p>
<p>He entered softly.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00025"><strong>ERIN,
GREEN GEM OF THE SILVER SEA</strong></h4>
<p>—The ghost walks, professor MacHugh murmured softly, biscuitfully to
the dusty windowpane.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus, staring from the empty fireplace at Ned Lambert’s
quizzing face, asked of it sourly:</p>
<p>—Agonising Christ, wouldn’t it give you a heartburn on your arse?</p>
<p>Ned Lambert, seated on the table, read on:</p>
<p>—<em>Or again, note the meanderings of some purling rill as it
babbles on its way, tho’ quarrelling with the stony obstacles, to the
tumbling waters of Neptune’s blue domain, ’mid mossy banks, fanned by
gentlest zephyrs, played on by the glorious sunlight or ’neath the
shadows cast o’er its pensive bosom by the overarching leafage of the
giants of the forest</em>. What about that, Simon? he asked over the
fringe of his newspaper. How’s that for high?</p>
<p>—Changing his drink, Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert, laughing, struck the newspaper on his knees,
repeating:</p>
<p>—<em>The pensive bosom and the overarsing leafage</em>. O boys! O
boys!</p>
<p>—And Xenophon looked upon Marathon, Mr Dedalus said, looking again on
the fireplace and to the window, and Marathon looked on the sea.</p>
<p>—That will do, professor MacHugh cried from the window. I don’t want
to hear any more of the stuff.</p>
<p>He ate off the crescent of water biscuit he had been nibbling and,
hungered, made ready to nibble the biscuit in his other hand.</p>
<p>High falutin stuff. Bladderbags. Ned Lambert is taking a day off I
see. Rather upsets a man’s day, a funeral does. He has influence they
say. Old Chatterton, the vicechancellor, is his granduncle or his
greatgranduncle. Close on ninety they say. Subleader for his death
written this long time perhaps. Living to spite them. Might go first
himself. Johnny, make room for your uncle. The right honourable Hedges
Eyre Chatterton. Daresay he writes him an odd shaky cheque or two on
gale days. Windfall when he kicks out. Alleluia.</p>
<p>—Just another spasm, Ned Lambert said.</p>
<p>—What is it? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>—A recently discovered fragment of Cicero, professor MacHugh answered
with pomp of tone. <em>Our lovely land</em>.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00026"><strong>SHORT
BUT TO THE POINT</strong></h4>
<p>—Whose land? Mr Bloom said simply.</p>
<p>—Most pertinent question, the professor said between his chews. With
an accent on the whose.</p>
<p>—Dan Dawson’s land Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>—Is it his speech last night? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert nodded.</p>
<p>—But listen to this, he said.</p>
<p>The doorknob hit Mr Bloom in the small of the back as the door was
pushed in.</p>
<p>—Excuse me, J. J. O’Molloy said, entering.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom moved nimbly aside.</p>
<p>—I beg yours, he said.</p>
<p>—Good day, Jack.</p>
<p>—Come in. Come in.</p>
<p>—Good day.</p>
<p>—How are you, Dedalus?</p>
<p>—Well. And yourself?</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy shook his head.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00027"><strong>SAD</strong></h4>
<p>Cleverest fellow at the junior bar he used to be. Decline, poor chap.
That hectic flush spells finis for a man. Touch and go with him. What’s
in the wind, I wonder. Money worry.</p>
<p>—<em>Or again if we but climb the serried mountain peaks.</em></p>
<p>—You’re looking extra.</p>
<p>—Is the editor to be seen? J. J. O’Molloy asked, looking towards the
inner door.</p>
<p>—Very much so, professor MacHugh said. To be seen and heard. He’s in
his sanctum with Lenehan.</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy strolled to the sloping desk and began to turn back
the pink pages of the file.</p>
<p>Practice dwindling. A mighthavebeen. Losing heart. Gambling. Debts of
honour. Reaping the whirlwind. Used to get good retainers from D. and T.
Fitzgerald. Their wigs to show the grey matter. Brains on their sleeve
like the statue in Glasnevin. Believe he does some literary work for the
<em>Express</em> with Gabriel Conroy. Wellread fellow. Myles Crawford
began on the <em>Independent.</em> Funny the way those newspaper men
veer about when they get wind of a new opening. Weathercocks. Hot and
cold in the same breath. Wouldn’t know which to believe. One story good
till you hear the next. Go for one another baldheaded in the papers and
then all blows over. Hail fellow well met the next moment.</p>
<p>—Ah, listen to this for God’ sake, Ned Lambert pleaded. <em>Or again
if we but climb the serried mountain peaks...</em></p>
<p>—Bombast! the professor broke in testily. Enough of the inflated
windbag!</p>
<p>—<em>Peaks</em>, Ned Lambert went on, <em>towering high on high, to
bathe our souls, as it were...</em></p>
<p>—Bathe his lips, Mr Dedalus said. Blessed and eternal God! Yes? Is he
taking anything for it?</p>
<p><em>—As ’twere, in the peerless panorama of Ireland’s portfolio,
unmatched, despite their wellpraised prototypes in other vaunted prize
regions, for very beauty, of bosky grove and undulating plain and
luscious pastureland of vernal green, steeped in the transcendent
translucent glow of our mild mysterious Irish twilight...</em></p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00028"><strong>HIS
NATIVE DORIC</strong></h4>
<p>—The moon, professor MacHugh said. He forgot Hamlet.</p>
<p><em>—That mantles the vista far and wide and wait till the glowing
orb of the moon shine forth to irradiate her silver
effulgence...</em></p>
<p>—O! Mr Dedalus cried, giving vent to a hopeless groan. Shite and
onions! That’ll do, Ned. Life is too short.</p>
<p>He took off his silk hat and, blowing out impatiently his bushy
moustache, welshcombed his hair with raking fingers.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert tossed the newspaper aside, chuckling with delight. An
instant after a hoarse bark of laughter burst over professor MacHugh’s
unshaven blackspectacled face.</p>
<p>—Doughy Daw! he cried.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00029"><strong>WHAT
WETHERUP SAID</strong></h4>
<p>All very fine to jeer at it now in cold print but it goes down like
hot cake that stuff. He was in the bakery line too, wasn’t he? Why they
call him Doughy Daw. Feathered his nest well anyhow. Daughter engaged to
that chap in the inland revenue office with the motor. Hooked that
nicely. Entertainments. Open house. Big blowout. Wetherup always said
that. Get a grip of them by the stomach.</p>
<p>The inner door was opened violently and a scarlet beaked face,
crested by a comb of feathery hair, thrust itself in. The bold blue eyes
stared about them and the harsh voice asked:</p>
<p>—What is it?</p>
<p>—And here comes the sham squire himself! professor MacHugh said
grandly.</p>
<p>—Getonouthat, you bloody old pedagogue! the editor said in
recognition.</p>
<p>—Come, Ned, Mr Dedalus said, putting on his hat. I must get a drink
after that.</p>
<p>—Drink! the editor cried. No drinks served before mass.</p>
<p>—Quite right too, Mr Dedalus said, going out. Come on, Ned.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert sidled down from the table. The editor’s blue eyes roved
towards Mr Bloom’s face, shadowed by a smile.</p>
<p>—Will you join us, Myles? Ned Lambert asked.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00030"><strong>MEMORABLE
BATTLES RECALLED</strong></h4>
<p>—North Cork militia! the editor cried, striding to the mantelpiece.
We won every time! North Cork and Spanish officers!</p>
<p>—Where was that, Myles? Ned Lambert asked with a reflective glance at
his toecaps.</p>
<p>—In Ohio! the editor shouted.</p>
<p>—So it was, begad, Ned Lambert agreed.</p>
<p>Passing out he whispered to J. J. O’Molloy:</p>
<p>—Incipient jigs. Sad case.</p>
<p>—Ohio! the editor crowed in high treble from his uplifted scarlet
face. My Ohio!</p>
<p>—A perfect cretic! the professor said. Long, short and long.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00031"><strong>O,
HARP EOLIAN!</strong></h4>
<p>He took a reel of dental floss from his waistcoat pocket and,
breaking off a piece, twanged it smartly between two and two of his
resonant unwashed teeth.</p>
<p>—Bingbang, bangbang.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, seeing the coast clear, made for the inner door.</p>
<p>—Just a moment, Mr Crawford, he said. I just want to phone about an
ad.</p>
<p>He went in.</p>
<p>—What about that leader this evening? professor MacHugh asked, coming
to the editor and laying a firm hand on his shoulder.</p>
<p>—That’ll be all right, Myles Crawford said more calmly. Never you
fret. Hello, Jack. That’s all right.</p>
<p>—Good day, Myles, J. J. O’Molloy said, letting the pages he held slip
limply back on the file. Is that Canada swindle case on today?</p>
<p>The telephone whirred inside.</p>
<p>—Twentyeight... No, twenty... Double four... Yes.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00032"><strong>SPOT
THE WINNER</strong></h4>
<p>Lenehan came out of the inner office with <em>Sport</em>’s
tissues.</p>
<p>—Who wants a dead cert for the Gold cup? he asked. Sceptre with O.
Madden up.</p>
<p>He tossed the tissues on to the table.</p>
<p>Screams of newsboys barefoot in the hall rushed near and the door was
flung open.</p>
<p>—Hush, Lenehan said. I hear feetstoops.</p>
<p>Professor MacHugh strode across the room and seized the cringing
urchin by the collar as the others scampered out of the hall and down
the steps. The tissues rustled up in the draught, floated softly in the
air blue scrawls and under the table came to earth.</p>
<p>—It wasn’t me, sir. It was the big fellow shoved me, sir.</p>
<p>—Throw him out and shut the door, the editor said. There’s a
hurricane blowing.</p>
<p>Lenehan began to paw the tissues up from the floor, grunting as he
stooped twice.</p>
<p>—Waiting for the racing special, sir, the newsboy said. It was Pat
Farrell shoved me, sir.</p>
<p>He pointed to two faces peering in round the doorframe.</p>
<p>—Him, sir.</p>
<p>—Out of this with you, professor MacHugh said gruffly.</p>
<p>He hustled the boy out and banged the door to.</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy turned the files crackingly over, murmuring,
seeking:</p>
<p>—Continued on page six, column four.</p>
<p>—Yes, <em>Evening Telegraph</em> here, Mr Bloom phoned from the inner
office. Is the boss...? Yes, <em>Telegraph</em>... To where? Aha! Which
auction rooms?... Aha! I see... Right. I’ll catch him.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00033"><strong>A
COLLISION ENSUES</strong></h4>
<p>The bell whirred again as he rang off. He came in quickly and bumped
against Lenehan who was struggling up with the second tissue.</p>
<p>—<em>Pardon, monsieur</em>, Lenehan said, clutching him for an
instant and making a grimace.</p>
<p>—My fault, Mr Bloom said, suffering his grip. Are you hurt? I’m in a
hurry.</p>
<p>—Knee, Lenehan said.</p>
<p>He made a comic face and whined, rubbing his knee:</p>
<p>—The accumulation of the <em>anno Domini</em>.</p>
<p>—Sorry, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He went to the door and, holding it ajar, paused. J. J. O’Molloy
slapped the heavy pages over. The noise of two shrill voices, a
mouthorgan, echoed in the bare hallway from the newsboys squatted on the
doorsteps:</p>
<p>We are the boys of Wexford<br />
Who fought with heart and hand.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00034"><strong>EXIT
BLOOM</strong></h4>
<p>—I’m just running round to Bachelor’s walk, Mr Bloom said, about this
ad of Keyes’s. Want to fix it up. They tell me he’s round there in
Dillon’s.</p>
<p>He looked indecisively for a moment at their faces. The editor who,
leaning against the mantelshelf, had propped his head on his hand,
suddenly stretched forth an arm amply.</p>
<p>—Begone! he said. The world is before you.</p>
<p>—Back in no time, Mr Bloom said, hurrying out.</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy took the tissues from Lenehan’s hand and read them,
blowing them apart gently, without comment.</p>
<p>—He’ll get that advertisement, the professor said, staring through
his blackrimmed spectacles over the crossblind. Look at the young scamps
after him.</p>
<p>—Show. Where? Lenehan cried, running to the window.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00035"><strong>A
STREET CORTÈGE</strong></h4>
<p>Both smiled over the crossblind at the file of capering newsboys in
Mr Bloom’s wake, the last zigzagging white on the breeze a mocking kite,
a tail of white bowknots.</p>
<p>—Look at the young guttersnipe behind him hue and cry, Lenehan said,
and you’ll kick. O, my rib risible! Taking off his flat spaugs and the
walk. Small nines. Steal upon larks.</p>
<p>He began to mazurka in swift caricature across the floor on sliding
feet past the fireplace to J. J. O’Molloy who placed the tissues in his
receiving hands.</p>
<p>—What’s that? Myles Crawford said with a start. Where are the other
two gone?</p>
<p>—Who? the professor said, turning. They’re gone round to the Oval for
a drink. Paddy Hooper is there with Jack Hall. Came over last night.</p>
<p>—Come on then, Myles Crawford said. Where’s my hat?</p>
<p>He walked jerkily into the office behind, parting the vent of his
jacket, jingling his keys in his back pocket. They jingled then in the
air and against the wood as he locked his desk drawer.</p>
<p>—He’s pretty well on, professor MacHugh said in a low voice.</p>
<p>—Seems to be, J. J. O’Molloy said, taking out a cigarettecase in
murmuring meditation, but it is not always as it seems. Who has the most
matches?</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00036"><strong>THE
CALUMET OF PEACE</strong></h4>
<p>He offered a cigarette to the professor and took one himself. Lenehan
promptly struck a match for them and lit their cigarettes in turn. J. J.
O’Molloy opened his case again and offered it.</p>
<p>—<em>Thanky vous</em>, Lenehan said, helping himself.</p>
<p>The editor came from the inner office, a straw hat awry on his brow.
He declaimed in song, pointing sternly at professor MacHugh:</p>
<p>’Twas rank and fame that tempted thee,<br />
’Twas empire charmed thy heart.</p>
<p>The professor grinned, locking his long lips.</p>
<p>—Eh? You bloody old Roman empire? Myles Crawford said.</p>
<p>He took a cigarette from the open case. Lenehan, lighting it for him
with quick grace, said:</p>
<p>—Silence for my brandnew riddle!</p>
<p>—<em>Imperium romanum</em>, J. J. O’Molloy said gently. It sounds
nobler than British or Brixton. The word reminds one somehow of fat in
the fire.</p>
<p>Myles Crawford blew his first puff violently towards the ceiling.</p>
<p>—That’s it, he said. We are the fat. You and I are the fat in the
fire. We haven’t got the chance of a snowball in hell.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00037"><strong>THE
GRANDEUR THAT WAS ROME</strong></h4>
<p>—Wait a moment, professor MacHugh said, raising two quiet claws. We
mustn’t be led away by words, by sounds of words. We think of Rome,
imperial, imperious, imperative.</p>
<p>He extended elocutionary arms from frayed stained shirtcuffs,
pausing:</p>
<p>—What was their civilisation? Vast, I allow: but vile. Cloacae:
sewers. The Jews in the wilderness and on the mountaintop said: <em>It
is meet to be here. Let us build an altar to Jehovah</em>. The Roman,
like the Englishman who follows in his footsteps, brought to every new
shore on which he set his foot (on our shore he never set it) only his
cloacal obsession. He gazed about him in his toga and he said: <em>It is
meet to be here. Let us construct a watercloset.</em></p>
<p>—Which they accordingly did do, Lenehan said. Our old ancient
ancestors, as we read in the first chapter of Guinness’s, were partial
to the running stream.</p>
<p>—They were nature’s gentlemen, J. J. O’Molloy murmured. But we have
also Roman law.</p>
<p>—And Pontius Pilate is its prophet, professor MacHugh responded.</p>
<p>—Do you know that story about chief baron Palles? J. J. O’Molloy
asked. It was at the royal university dinner. Everything was going
swimmingly ...</p>
<p>—First my riddle, Lenehan said. Are you ready?</p>
<p>Mr O’Madden Burke, tall in copious grey of Donegal tweed, came in
from the hallway. Stephen Dedalus, behind him, uncovered as he
entered.</p>
<p>—<em>Entrez, mes enfants!</em> Lenehan cried.</p>
<p>—I escort a suppliant, Mr O’Madden Burke said melodiously. Youth led
by Experience visits Notoriety.</p>
<p>—How do you do? the editor said, holding out a hand. Come in. Your
governor is just gone.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00038"><strong>???</strong></h4>
<p>Lenehan said to all:</p>
<p>—Silence! What opera resembles a railwayline? Reflect, ponder,
excogitate, reply.</p>
<p>Stephen handed over the typed sheets, pointing to the title and
signature.</p>
<p>—Who? the editor asked.</p>
<p>Bit torn off.</p>
<p>—Mr Garrett Deasy, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—That old pelters, the editor said. Who tore it? Was he short
taken?</p>
<p>On swift sail flaming<br />
From storm and south<br />
He comes, pale vampire,<br />
Mouth to my mouth.</p>
<p>—Good day, Stephen, the professor said, coming to peer over their
shoulders. Foot and mouth? Are you turned...?</p>
<p>Bullockbefriending bard.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00039"><strong>SHINDY
IN WELLKNOWN RESTAURANT</strong></h4>
<p>—Good day, sir, Stephen answered blushing. The letter is not mine. Mr
Garrett Deasy asked me to...</p>
<p>—O, I know him, Myles Crawford said, and I knew his wife too. The
bloodiest old tartar God ever made. By Jesus, she had the foot and mouth
disease and no mistake! The night she threw the soup in the waiter’s
face in the Star and Garter. Oho!</p>
<p>A woman brought sin into the world. For Helen, the runaway wife of
Menelaus, ten years the Greeks. O’Rourke, prince of Breffni.</p>
<p>—Is he a widower? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>—Ay, a grass one, Myles Crawford said, his eye running down the
typescript. Emperor’s horses. Habsburg. An Irishman saved his life on
the ramparts of Vienna. Don’t you forget! Maximilian Karl O’Donnell,
graf von Tirconnell in Ireland. Sent his heir over to make the king an
Austrian fieldmarshal now. Going to be trouble there one day. Wild
geese. O yes, every time. Don’t you forget that!</p>
<p>—The moot point is did he forget it, J. J. O’Molloy said quietly,
turning a horseshoe paperweight. Saving princes is a thank you job.</p>
<p>Professor MacHugh turned on him.</p>
<p>—And if not? he said.</p>
<p>—I’ll tell you how it was, Myles Crawford began. A Hungarian it was
one day...</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00040"><strong>LOST
CAUSES NOBLE MARQUESS MENTIONED</strong></h4>
<p>—We were always loyal to lost causes, the professor said. Success for
us is the death of the intellect and of the imagination. We were never
loyal to the successful. We serve them. I teach the blatant Latin
language. I speak the tongue of a race the acme of whose mentality is
the maxim: time is money. Material domination. <em>Dominus!</em> Lord!
Where is the spirituality? Lord Jesus? Lord Salisbury? A sofa in a
westend club. But the Greek!</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00041"><strong>KYRIE
ELEISON!</strong></h4>
<p>A smile of light brightened his darkrimmed eyes, lengthened his long
lips.</p>
<p>—The Greek! he said again. <em>Kyrios!</em> Shining word! The vowels
the Semite and the Saxon know not. <em>Kyrie!</em> The radiance of the
intellect. I ought to profess Greek, the language of the mind. <em>Kyrie
eleison!</em> The closetmaker and the cloacamaker will never be lords of
our spirit. We are liege subjects of the catholic chivalry of Europe
that foundered at Trafalgar and of the empire of the spirit, not an
<em>imperium,</em> that went under with the Athenian fleets at
Aegospotami. Yes, yes. They went under. Pyrrhus, misled by an oracle,
made a last attempt to retrieve the fortunes of Greece. Loyal to a lost
cause.</p>
<p>He strode away from them towards the window.</p>
<p>—They went forth to battle, Mr O’Madden Burke said greyly, but they
always fell.</p>
<p>—Boohoo! Lenehan wept with a little noise. Owing to a brick received
in the latter half of the <em>matinée</em>. Poor, poor, poor
Pyrrhus!</p>
<p>He whispered then near Stephen’s ear:</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00042"><strong>LENEHAN’S
LIMERICK</strong></h4>
<p>—<em>There’s a ponderous pundit MacHugh<br />
Who wears goggles of ebony hue.<br />
As he mostly sees double<br />
To wear them why trouble?<br />
I can’t see the Joe Miller. Can you?</em><br />
<br />
</p>
<p>In mourning for Sallust, Mulligan says. Whose mother is beastly
dead.</p>
<p>Myles Crawford crammed the sheets into a sidepocket.</p>
<p>—That’ll be all right, he said. I’ll read the rest after. That’ll be
all right.</p>
<p>Lenehan extended his hands in protest.</p>
<p>—But my riddle! he said. What opera is like a railwayline?</p>
<p>—Opera? Mr O’Madden Burke’s sphinx face reriddled.</p>
<p>Lenehan announced gladly:</p>
<p>—<em>The Rose of Castile</em>. See the wheeze? Rows of cast steel.
Gee!</p>
<p>He poked Mr O’Madden Burke mildly in the spleen. Mr O’Madden Burke
fell back with grace on his umbrella, feigning a gasp.</p>
<p>—Help! he sighed. I feel a strong weakness.</p>
<p>Lenehan, rising to tiptoe, fanned his face rapidly with the rustling
tissues.</p>
<p>The professor, returning by way of the files, swept his hand across
Stephen’s and Mr O’Madden Burke’s loose ties.</p>
<p>—Paris, past and present, he said. You look like communards.</p>
<p>—Like fellows who had blown up the Bastile, J. J. O’Molloy said in
quiet mockery. Or was it you shot the lord lieutenant of Finland between
you? You look as though you had done the deed. General Bobrikoff.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00043"><strong>OMNIUM
GATHERUM</strong></h4>
<p>—We were only thinking about it, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—All the talents, Myles Crawford said. Law, the classics...</p>
<p>—The turf, Lenehan put in.</p>
<p>—Literature, the press.</p>
<p>—If Bloom were here, the professor said. The gentle art of
advertisement.</p>
<p>—And Madam Bloom, Mr O’Madden Burke added. The vocal muse. Dublin’s
prime favourite.</p>
<p>Lenehan gave a loud cough.</p>
<p>—Ahem! he said very softly. O, for a fresh of breath air! I caught a
cold in the park. The gate was open.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00044"><strong>“YOU
CAN DO IT!”</strong></h4>
<p>The editor laid a nervous hand on Stephen’s shoulder.</p>
<p>—I want you to write something for me, he said. Something with a bite
in it. You can do it. I see it in your face. <em>In the lexicon of
youth</em>...</p>
<p>See it in your face. See it in your eye. Lazy idle little
schemer.</p>
<p>—Foot and mouth disease! the editor cried in scornful invective.
Great nationalist meeting in Borris-in-Ossory. All balls! Bulldosing the
public! Give them something with a bite in it. Put us all into it, damn
its soul. Father, Son and Holy Ghost and Jakes M’Carthy.</p>
<p>—We can all supply mental pabulum, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<p>Stephen raised his eyes to the bold unheeding stare.</p>
<p>—He wants you for the pressgang, J. J. O’Molloy said.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00045"><strong>THE
GREAT GALLAHER</strong></h4>
<p>—You can do it, Myles Crawford repeated, clenching his hand in
emphasis. Wait a minute. We’ll paralyse Europe as Ignatius Gallaher used
to say when he was on the shaughraun, doing billiardmarking in the
Clarence. Gallaher, that was a pressman for you. That was a pen. You
know how he made his mark? I’ll tell you. That was the smartest piece of
journalism ever known. That was in eightyone, sixth of May, time of the
invincibles, murder in the Phoenix park, before you were born, I
suppose. I’ll show you.</p>
<p>He pushed past them to the files.</p>
<p>—Look at here, he said turning. The <em>New York World</em> cabled
for a special. Remember that time?</p>
<p>Professor MacHugh nodded.</p>
<p>—<em>New York World</em>, the editor said, excitedly pushing back his
straw hat. Where it took place. Tim Kelly, or Kavanagh I mean. Joe Brady
and the rest of them. Where Skin-the-Goat drove the car. Whole route,
see?</p>
<p>—Skin-the-Goat, Mr O’Madden Burke said. Fitzharris. He has that
cabman’s shelter, they say, down there at Butt bridge. Holohan told me.
You know Holohan?</p>
<p>—Hop and carry one, is it? Myles Crawford said.</p>
<p>—And poor Gumley is down there too, so he told me, minding stones for
the corporation. A night watchman.</p>
<p>Stephen turned in surprise.</p>
<p>—Gumley? he said. You don’t say so? A friend of my father’s, is
it?</p>
<p>—Never mind Gumley, Myles Crawford cried angrily. Let Gumley mind the
stones, see they don’t run away. Look at here. What did Ignatius
Gallaher do? I’ll tell you. Inspiration of genius. Cabled right away.
Have you <em>Weekly Freeman</em> of 17 March? Right. Have you got
that?</p>
<p>He flung back pages of the files and stuck his finger on a point.</p>
<p>—Take page four, advertisement for Bransome’s coffee, let us say.
Have you got that? Right.</p>
<p>The telephone whirred.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00046"><strong>A
DISTANT VOICE</strong></h4>
<p>—I’ll answer it, the professor said, going.</p>
<p>—B is parkgate. Good.</p>
<p>His finger leaped and struck point after point, vibrating.</p>
<p>—T is viceregal lodge. C is where murder took place. K is Knockmaroon
gate.</p>
<p>The loose flesh of his neck shook like a cock’s wattles. An
illstarched dicky jutted up and with a rude gesture he thrust it back
into his waistcoat.</p>
<p>—Hello? <em>Evening Telegraph</em> here... Hello?... Who’s there?...
Yes... Yes... Yes.</p>
<p>—F to P is the route Skin-the-Goat drove the car for an alibi,
Inchicore, Roundtown, Windy Arbour, Palmerston Park, Ranelagh. F.A.B.P.
Got that? X is Davy’s publichouse in upper Leeson street.</p>
<p>The professor came to the inner door.</p>
<p>—Bloom is at the telephone, he said.</p>
<p>—Tell him go to hell, the editor said promptly. X is Davy’s
publichouse, see?</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00047"><strong>CLEVER,
VERY</strong></h4>
<p>—Clever, Lenehan said. Very.</p>
<p>—Gave it to them on a hot plate, Myles Crawford said, the whole
bloody history.</p>
<p>Nightmare from which you will never awake.</p>
<p>—I saw it, the editor said proudly. I was present. Dick Adams, the
besthearted bloody Corkman the Lord ever put the breath of life in, and
myself.</p>
<p>Lenehan bowed to a shape of air, announcing:</p>
<p>—Madam, I’m Adam. And Able was I ere I saw Elba.</p>
<p>—History! Myles Crawford cried. The Old Woman of Prince’s street was
there first. There was weeping and gnashing of teeth over that. Out of
an advertisement. Gregor Grey made the design for it. That gave him the
leg up. Then Paddy Hooper worked Tay Pay who took him on to the
<em>Star.</em> Now he’s got in with Blumenfeld. That’s press. That’s
talent. Pyatt! He was all their daddies!</p>
<p>—The father of scare journalism, Lenehan confirmed, and the
brother-in-law of Chris Callinan.</p>
<p>—Hello?... Are you there?... Yes, he’s here still. Come across
yourself.</p>
<p>—Where do you find a pressman like that now, eh? the editor
cried.</p>
<p>He flung the pages down.</p>
<p>—Clamn dever, Lenehan said to Mr O’Madden Burke.</p>
<p>—Very smart, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<p>Professor MacHugh came from the inner office.</p>
<p>—Talking about the invincibles, he said, did you see that some
hawkers were up before the recorder...</p>
<p>—O yes, J. J. O’Molloy said eagerly. Lady Dudley was walking home
through the park to see all the trees that were blown down by that
cyclone last year and thought she’d buy a view of Dublin. And it turned
out to be a commemoration postcard of Joe Brady or Number One or
Skin-the-Goat. Right outside the viceregal lodge, imagine!</p>
<p>—They’re only in the hook and eye department, Myles Crawford said.
Psha! Press and the bar! Where have you a man now at the bar like those
fellows, like Whiteside, like Isaac Butt, like silvertongued O’Hagan.
Eh? Ah, bloody nonsense. Psha! Only in the halfpenny place.</p>
<p>His mouth continued to twitch unspeaking in nervous curls of
disdain.</p>
<p>Would anyone wish that mouth for her kiss? How do you know? Why did
you write it then?</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00048"><strong>RHYMES
AND REASONS</strong></h4>
<p>Mouth, south. Is the mouth south someway? Or the south a mouth? Must
be some. South, pout, out, shout, drouth. Rhymes: two men dressed the
same, looking the same, two by two.</p>
<p>........................ la tua pace<br />
.................. che parlar ti piace<br />
Mentre che il vento, come fa, si tace.</p>
<p>He saw them three by three, approaching girls, in green, in rose, in
russet, entwining, <em>per l’aer perso</em>, in mauve, in purple,
<em>quella pacifica oriafiamma</em>, gold of oriflamme, <em>di rimirar
fè più ardenti.</em> But I old men, penitent, leadenfooted,
underdarkneath the night: mouth south: tomb womb.</p>
<p>—Speak up for yourself, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00049"><strong>SUFFICIENT
FOR THE DAY...</strong></h4>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy, smiling palely, took up the gage.</p>
<p>—My dear Myles, he said, flinging his cigarette aside, you put a
false construction on my words. I hold no brief, as at present advised,
for the third profession <em>qua</em> profession but your Cork legs are
running away with you. Why not bring in Henry Grattan and Flood and
Demosthenes and Edmund Burke? Ignatius Gallaher we all know and his
Chapelizod boss, Harmsworth of the farthing press, and his American
cousin of the Bowery guttersheet not to mention <em>Paddy Kelly’s
Budget</em>, <em>Pue’s Occurrences</em> and our watchful friend <em>The
Skibbereen Eagle</em>. Why bring in a master of forensic eloquence like
Whiteside? Sufficient for the day is the newspaper thereof.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00050"><strong>LINKS
WITH BYGONE DAYS OF YORE</strong></h4>
<p>—Grattan and Flood wrote for this very paper, the editor cried in his
face. Irish volunteers. Where are you now? Established 1763. Dr Lucas.
Who have you now like John Philpot Curran? Psha!</p>
<p>—Well, J. J. O’Molloy said, Bushe K.C., for example.</p>
<p>—Bushe? the editor said. Well, yes: Bushe, yes. He has a strain of it
in his blood. Kendal Bushe or I mean Seymour Bushe.</p>
<p>—He would have been on the bench long ago, the professor said, only
for .... But no matter.</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy turned to Stephen and said quietly and slowly:</p>
<p>—One of the most polished periods I think I ever listened to in my
life fell from the lips of Seymour Bushe. It was in that case of
fratricide, the Childs murder case. Bushe defended him.</p>
<p><em>And in the porches of mine ear did pour.</em></p>
<p>By the way how did he find that out? He died in his sleep. Or the
other story, beast with two backs?</p>
<p>—What was that? the professor asked.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00051"><strong>ITALIA,
MAGISTRA ARTIUM</strong></h4>
<p>—He spoke on the law of evidence, J. J. O’Molloy said, of Roman
justice as contrasted with the earlier Mosaic code, the <em>lex
talionis</em>. And he cited the Moses of Michelangelo in the
vatican.</p>
<p>—Ha.</p>
<p>—A few wellchosen words, Lenehan prefaced. Silence!</p>
<p>Pause. J. J. O’Molloy took out his cigarettecase.</p>
<p>False lull. Something quite ordinary.</p>
<p>Messenger took out his matchbox thoughtfully and lit his cigar.</p>
<p>I have often thought since on looking back over that strange time
that it was that small act, trivial in itself, that striking of that
match, that determined the whole aftercourse of both our lives.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00052"><strong>A
POLISHED PERIOD</strong></h4>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy resumed, moulding his words:</p>
<p>—He said of it: <em>that stony effigy in frozen music, horned and
terrible, of the human form divine, that eternal symbol of wisdom and of
prophecy which, if aught that the imagination or the hand of sculptor
has wrought in marble of soultransfigured and of soultransfiguring
deserves to live, deserves to live.</em></p>
<p>His slim hand with a wave graced echo and fall.</p>
<p>—Fine! Myles Crawford said at once.</p>
<p>—The divine afflatus, Mr O’Madden Burke said.</p>
<p>—You like it? J. J. O’Molloy asked Stephen.</p>
<p>Stephen, his blood wooed by grace of language and gesture, blushed.
He took a cigarette from the case. J. J. O’Molloy offered his case to
Myles Crawford. Lenehan lit their cigarettes as before and took his
trophy, saying:</p>
<p>—Muchibus thankibus.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00053"><strong>A
MAN OF HIGH MORALE</strong></h4>
<p>—Professor Magennis was speaking to me about you, J. J. O’Molloy said
to Stephen. What do you think really of that hermetic crowd, the opal
hush poets: A. E. the mastermystic? That Blavatsky woman started it. She
was a nice old bag of tricks. A. E. has been telling some yankee
interviewer that you came to him in the small hours of the morning to
ask him about planes of consciousness. Magennis thinks you must have
been pulling A. E.’s leg. He is a man of the very highest morale,
Magennis.</p>
<p>Speaking about me. What did he say? What did he say? What did he say
about me? Don’t ask.</p>
<p>—No, thanks, professor MacHugh said, waving the cigarettecase aside.
Wait a moment. Let me say one thing. The finest display of oratory I
ever heard was a speech made by John F Taylor at the college historical
society. Mr Justice Fitzgibbon, the present lord justice of appeal, had
spoken and the paper under debate was an essay (new for those days),
advocating the revival of the Irish tongue.</p>
<p>He turned towards Myles Crawford and said:</p>
<p>—You know Gerald Fitzgibbon. Then you can imagine the style of his
discourse.</p>
<p>—He is sitting with Tim Healy, J. J. O’Molloy said, rumour has it, on
the Trinity college estates commission.</p>
<p>—He is sitting with a sweet thing, Myles Crawford said, in a child’s
frock. Go on. Well?</p>
<p>—It was the speech, mark you, the professor said, of a finished
orator, full of courteous haughtiness and pouring in chastened diction I
will not say the vials of his wrath but pouring the proud man’s
contumely upon the new movement. It was then a new movement. We were
weak, therefore worthless.</p>
<p>He closed his long thin lips an instant but, eager to be on, raised
an outspanned hand to his spectacles and, with trembling thumb and
ringfinger touching lightly the black rims, steadied them to a new
focus.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00054"><strong>IMPROMPTU</strong></h4>
<p>In ferial tone he addressed J. J. O’Molloy:</p>
<p>—Taylor had come there, you must know, from a sickbed. That he had
prepared his speech I do not believe for there was not even one
shorthandwriter in the hall. His dark lean face had a growth of shaggy
beard round it. He wore a loose white silk neckcloth and altogether he
looked (though he was not) a dying man.</p>
<p>His gaze turned at once but slowly from J. J. O’Molloy’s towards
Stephen’s face and then bent at once to the ground, seeking. His
unglazed linen collar appeared behind his bent head, soiled by his
withering hair. Still seeking, he said:</p>
<p>—When Fitzgibbon’s speech had ended John F Taylor rose to reply.
Briefly, as well as I can bring them to mind, his words were these.</p>
<p>He raised his head firmly. His eyes bethought themselves once more.
Witless shellfish swam in the gross lenses to and fro, seeking
outlet.</p>
<p>He began:</p>
<p><em>—Mr Chairman, ladies and gentlemen: Great was my admiration in
listening to the remarks addressed to the youth of Ireland a moment
since by my learned friend. It seemed to me that I had been transported
into a country far away from this country, into an age remote from this
age, that I stood in ancient Egypt and that I was listening to the
speech of some highpriest of that land addressed to the youthful
Moses.</em></p>
<p>His listeners held their cigarettes poised to hear, their smokes
ascending in frail stalks that flowered with his speech. <em>And let our
crooked smokes.</em> Noble words coming. Look out. Could you try your
hand at it yourself?</p>
<p><em>—And it seemed to me that I heard the voice of that Egyptian
highpriest raised in a tone of like haughtiness and like pride. I heard
his words and their meaning was revealed to me.</em></p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00055"><strong>FROM
THE FATHERS</strong></h4>
<p>It was revealed to me that those things are good which yet are
corrupted which neither if they were supremely good nor unless they were
good could be corrupted. Ah, curse you! That’s saint Augustine.</p>
<p><em>—Why will you jews not accept our culture, our religion and our
language? You are a tribe of nomad herdsmen: we are a mighty people. You
have no cities nor no wealth: our cities are hives of humanity and our
galleys, trireme and quadrireme, laden with all manner merchandise
furrow the waters of the known globe. You have but emerged from
primitive conditions: we have a literature, a priesthood, an agelong
history and a polity.</em></p>
<p>Nile.</p>
<p>Child, man, effigy.</p>
<p>By the Nilebank the babemaries kneel, cradle of bulrushes: a man
supple in combat: stonehorned, stonebearded, heart of stone.</p>
<p><em>—You pray to a local and obscure idol: our temples, majestic and
mysterious, are the abodes of Isis and Osiris, of Horus and Ammon Ra.
Yours serfdom, awe and humbleness: ours thunder and the seas. Israel is
weak and few are her children: Egypt is an host and terrible are her
arms. Vagrants and daylabourers are you called: the world trembles at
our name.</em></p>
<p>A dumb belch of hunger cleft his speech. He lifted his voice above it
boldly:</p>
<p><em>—But, ladies and gentlemen, had the youthful Moses listened to
and accepted that view of life, had he bowed his head and bowed his will
and bowed his spirit before that arrogant admonition he would never have
brought the chosen people out of their house of bondage, nor followed
the pillar of the cloud by day. He would never have spoken with the
Eternal amid lightnings on Sinai’s mountaintop nor ever have come down
with the light of inspiration shining in his countenance and bearing in
his arms the tables of the law, graven in the language of the
outlaw.</em></p>
<p>He ceased and looked at them, enjoying a silence.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00056"><strong>OMINOUS—FOR
HIM!</strong></h4>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy said not without regret:</p>
<p>—And yet he died without having entered the land of promise.</p>
<p>—A—sudden—at—the—moment—though—from—lingering—illness—often—previously—expectorated—demise,
Lenehan added. And with a great future behind him.</p>
<p>The troop of bare feet was heard rushing along the hallway and
pattering up the staircase.</p>
<p>—That is oratory, the professor said uncontradicted.</p>
<p>Gone with the wind. Hosts at Mullaghmast and Tara of the kings. Miles
of ears of porches. The tribune’s words, howled and scattered to the
four winds. A people sheltered within his voice. Dead noise. Akasic
records of all that ever anywhere wherever was. Love and laud him: me no
more.</p>
<p>I have money.</p>
<p>—Gentlemen, Stephen said. As the next motion on the agenda paper may
I suggest that the house do now adjourn?</p>
<p>—You take my breath away. It is not perchance a French compliment? Mr
O’Madden Burke asked. ’Tis the hour, methinks, when the winejug,
metaphorically speaking, is most grateful in Ye ancient hostelry.</p>
<p>—That it be and hereby is resolutely resolved. All that are in favour
say ay, Lenehan announced. The contrary no. I declare it carried. To
which particular boosing shed...? My casting vote is: Mooney’s!</p>
<p>He led the way, admonishing:</p>
<p>—We will sternly refuse to partake of strong waters, will we not?
Yes, we will not. By no manner of means.</p>
<p>Mr O’Madden Burke, following close, said with an ally’s lunge of his
umbrella:</p>
<p>—Lay on, Macduff!</p>
<p>—Chip of the old block! the editor cried, clapping Stephen on the
shoulder. Let us go. Where are those blasted keys?</p>
<p>He fumbled in his pocket pulling out the crushed typesheets.</p>
<p>—Foot and mouth. I know. That’ll be all right. That’ll go in. Where
are they? That’s all right.</p>
<p>He thrust the sheets back and went into the inner office.</p>
<h4 id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00057"><strong>LET
US HOPE</strong></h4>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy, about to follow him in, said quietly to Stephen:</p>
<p>—I hope you will live to see it published. Myles, one moment.</p>
<p>He went into the inner office, closing the door behind him.</p>
<p>—Come along, Stephen, the professor said. That is fine, isn’t it? It
has the prophetic vision. <em>Fuit Ilium!</em> The sack of windy Troy.
Kingdoms of this world. The masters of the Mediterranean are fellaheen
today.</p>
<p>The first newsboy came pattering down the stairs at their heels and
rushed out into the street, yelling:</p>
<p>—Racing special!</p>
<p>Dublin. I have much, much to learn.</p>
<p>They turned to the left along Abbey street.</p>
<p>—I have a vision too, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—Yes? the professor said, skipping to get into step. Crawford will
follow.</p>
<p>Another newsboy shot past them, yelling as he ran:</p>
<p>—Racing special!</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00058"><strong>DEAR
DIRTY DUBLIN</strong></h4>
<p>Dubliners.</p>
<p>—Two Dublin vestals, Stephen said, elderly and pious, have lived
fifty and fiftythree years in Fumbally’s lane.</p>
<p>—Where is that? the professor asked.</p>
<p>—Off Blackpitts, Stephen said.</p>
<p>Damp night reeking of hungry dough. Against the wall. Face glistering
tallow under her fustian shawl. Frantic hearts. Akasic records. Quicker,
darlint!</p>
<p>On now. Dare it. Let there be life.</p>
<p>—They want to see the views of Dublin from the top of Nelson’s
pillar. They save up three and tenpence in a red tin letterbox moneybox.
They shake out the threepenny bits and sixpences and coax out the
pennies with the blade of a knife. Two and three in silver and one and
seven in coppers. They put on their bonnets and best clothes and take
their umbrellas for fear it may come on to rain.</p>
<p>—Wise virgins, professor MacHugh said.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00059"><strong>LIFE ON
THE RAW</strong></h4>
<p>—They buy one and fourpenceworth of brawn and four slices of panloaf
at the north city diningrooms in Marlborough street from Miss Kate
Collins, proprietress... They purchase four and twenty ripe plums from a
girl at the foot of Nelson’s pillar to take off the thirst of the brawn.
They give two threepenny bits to the gentleman at the turnstile and
begin to waddle slowly up the winding staircase, grunting, encouraging
each other, afraid of the dark, panting, one asking the other have you
the brawn, praising God and the Blessed Virgin, threatening to come
down, peeping at the airslits. Glory be to God. They had no idea it was
that high.</p>
<p>Their names are Anne Kearns and Florence MacCabe. Anne Kearns has the
lumbago for which she rubs on Lourdes water, given her by a lady who got
a bottleful from a passionist father. Florence MacCabe takes a crubeen
and a bottle of double X for supper every Saturday.</p>
<p>—Antithesis, the professor said nodding twice. Vestal virgins. I can
see them. What’s keeping our friend?</p>
<p>He turned.</p>
<p>A bevy of scampering newsboys rushed down the steps, scattering in
all directions, yelling, their white papers fluttering. Hard after them
Myles Crawford appeared on the steps, his hat aureoling his scarlet
face, talking with J. J. O’Molloy.</p>
<p>—Come along, the professor cried, waving his arm.</p>
<p>He set off again to walk by Stephen’s side.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00060"><strong>RETURN
OF BLOOM</strong></h4>
<p>—Yes, he said. I see them.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, breathless, caught in a whirl of wild newsboys near the
offices of the <em>Irish Catholic</em> and <em>Dublin Penny
Journal</em>, called:</p>
<p>—Mr Crawford! A moment!</p>
<p>—<em>Telegraph</em>! Racing special!</p>
<p>—What is it? Myles Crawford said, falling back a pace.</p>
<p>A newsboy cried in Mr Bloom’s face:</p>
<p>—Terrible tragedy in Rathmines! A child bit by a bellows!</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00061"><strong>INTERVIEW
WITH THE EDITOR</strong></h4>
<p>—Just this ad, Mr Bloom said, pushing through towards the steps,
puffing, and taking the cutting from his pocket. I spoke with Mr Keyes
just now. He’ll give a renewal for two months, he says. After he’ll see.
But he wants a par to call attention in the <em>Telegraph</em> too, the
Saturday pink. And he wants it copied if it’s not too late I told
councillor Nannetti from the <em>Kilkenny People</em>. I can have access
to it in the national library. House of keys, don’t you see? His name is
Keyes. It’s a play on the name. But he practically promised he’d give
the renewal. But he wants just a little puff. What will I tell him, Mr
Crawford?</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00062"><strong>K.M.A.</strong></h4>
<p>—Will you tell him he can kiss my arse? Myles Crawford said throwing
out his arm for emphasis. Tell him that straight from the stable.</p>
<p>A bit nervy. Look out for squalls. All off for a drink. Arm in arm.
Lenehan’s yachting cap on the cadge beyond. Usual blarney. Wonder is
that young Dedalus the moving spirit. Has a good pair of boots on him
today. Last time I saw him he had his heels on view. Been walking in
muck somewhere. Careless chap. What was he doing in Irishtown?</p>
<p>—Well, Mr Bloom said, his eyes returning, if I can get the design I
suppose it’s worth a short par. He’d give the ad, I think. I’ll tell
him...</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00063"><strong>K.M.R.I.A.</strong></h4>
<p>—He can kiss my royal Irish arse, Myles Crawford cried loudly over
his shoulder. Any time he likes, tell him.</p>
<p>While Mr Bloom stood weighing the point and about to smile he strode
on jerkily.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00064"><strong>RAISING
THE WIND</strong></h4>
<p>—<em>Nulla bona</em>, Jack, he said, raising his hand to his chin.
I’m up to here. I’ve been through the hoop myself. I was looking for a
fellow to back a bill for me no later than last week. Sorry, Jack. You
must take the will for the deed. With a heart and a half if I could
raise the wind anyhow.</p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy pulled a long face and walked on silently. They caught
up on the others and walked abreast.</p>
<p>—When they have eaten the brawn and the bread and wiped their twenty
fingers in the paper the bread was wrapped in they go nearer to the
railings.</p>
<p>—Something for you, the professor explained to Myles Crawford. Two
old Dublin women on the top of Nelson’s pillar.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00065"><strong>SOME
COLUMN!—THAT’S WHAT WADDLER ONE SAID</strong></h4>
<p>—That’s new, Myles Crawford said. That’s copy. Out for the waxies’
Dargle. Two old trickies, what?</p>
<p>—But they are afraid the pillar will fall, Stephen went on. They see
the roofs and argue about where the different churches are: Rathmines’
blue dome, Adam and Eve’s, saint Laurence O’Toole’s. But it makes them
giddy to look so they pull up their skirts...</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00066"><strong>THOSE
SLIGHTLY RAMBUNCTIOUS FEMALES</strong></h4>
<p>—Easy all, Myles Crawford said. No poetic licence. We’re in the
archdiocese here.</p>
<p>—And settle down on their striped petticoats, peering up at the
statue of the onehandled adulterer.</p>
<p>—Onehandled adulterer! the professor cried. I like that. I see the
idea. I see what you mean.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00067"><strong>DAMES
DONATE DUBLIN’S CITS SPEEDPILLS VELOCITOUS AEROLITHS,
BELIEF</strong></h4>
<p>—It gives them a crick in their necks, Stephen said, and they are too
tired to look up or down or to speak. They put the bag of plums between
them and eat the plums out of it, one after another, wiping off with
their handkerchiefs the plumjuice that dribbles out of their mouths and
spitting the plumstones slowly out between the railings.</p>
<p>He gave a sudden loud young laugh as a close. Lenehan and Mr O’Madden
Burke, hearing, turned, beckoned and led on across towards Mooney’s.</p>
<p>—Finished? Myles Crawford said. So long as they do no worse.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00068"><strong>SOPHIST
WALLOPS HAUGHTY HELEN SQUARE ON PROBOSCIS. SPARTANS GNASH MOLARS.
ITHACANS VOW PEN IS CHAMP.</strong></h4>
<p>—You remind me of Antisthenes, the professor said, a disciple of
Gorgias, the sophist. It is said of him that none could tell if he were
bitterer against others or against himself. He was the son of a noble
and a bondwoman. And he wrote a book in which he took away the palm of
beauty from Argive Helen and handed it to poor Penelope.</p>
<p>Poor Penelope. Penelope Rich.</p>
<p>They made ready to cross O’Connell street.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00069"><strong>HELLO
THERE, CENTRAL!</strong></h4>
<p>At various points along the eight lines tramcars with motionless
trolleys stood in their tracks, bound for or from Rathmines,
Rathfarnham, Blackrock, Kingstown and Dalkey, Sandymount Green, Ringsend
and Sandymount Tower, Donnybrook, Palmerston Park and Upper Rathmines,
all still, becalmed in short circuit. Hackney cars, cabs, delivery
waggons, mailvans, private broughams, aerated mineral water floats with
rattling crates of bottles, rattled, rolled, horsedrawn, rapidly.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00070"><strong>WHAT?—AND
LIKEWISE—WHERE?</strong></h4>
<p>—But what do you call it? Myles Crawford asked. Where did they get
the plums?</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00071"><strong>VIRGILIAN,
SAYS PEDAGOGUE. SOPHOMORE PLUMPS FOR OLD MAN MOSES.</strong></h4>
<p>—Call it, wait, the professor said, opening his long lips wide to
reflect. Call it, let me see. Call it: <em>deus nobis hæc otia
fecit.</em></p>
<p>—No, Stephen said. I call it <em>A Pisgah Sight of Palestine</em> or
<em>The Parable of The Plums.</em></p>
<p>—I see, the professor said.</p>
<p>He laughed richly.</p>
<p>—I see, he said again with new pleasure. Moses and the promised land.
We gave him that idea, he added to J. J. O’Molloy.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00072"><strong>HORATIO
IS CYNOSURE THIS FAIR JUNE DAY</strong></h4>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy sent a weary sidelong glance towards the statue and
held his peace.</p>
<p>—I see, the professor said.</p>
<p>He halted on sir John Gray’s pavement island and peered aloft at
Nelson through the meshes of his wry smile.</p>
<h4
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-7.htm.html_pgepubid00073"><strong>DIMINISHED
DIGITS PROVE TOO TITILLATING FOR FRISKY FRUMPS. ANNE WIMBLES, FLO
WANGLES—YET CAN YOU BLAME THEM?</strong></h4>
<p>—Onehandled adulterer, he said smiling grimly. That tickles me, I
must say.</p>
<p>—Tickled the old ones too, Myles Crawford said, if the God Almighty’s
truth was known.</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html_pgepubid00074"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-8.htm.html_chap08"></span>[ 8
]</h3>
<p>Pineapple rock, lemon platt, butter scotch. A sugarsticky girl
shovelling scoopfuls of creams for a christian brother. Some school
treat. Bad for their tummies. Lozenge and comfit manufacturer to His
Majesty the King. God. Save. Our. Sitting on his throne sucking red
jujubes white.</p>
<p>A sombre Y. M. C. A. young man, watchful among the warm sweet fumes
of Graham Lemon’s, placed a throwaway in a hand of Mr Bloom.</p>
<p>Heart to heart talks.</p>
<p>Bloo... Me? No.</p>
<p>Blood of the Lamb.</p>
<p>His slow feet walked him riverward, reading. Are you saved? All are
washed in the blood of the lamb. God wants blood victim. Birth, hymen,
martyr, war, foundation of a building, sacrifice, kidney burntoffering,
druids’ altars. Elijah is coming. Dr John Alexander Dowie restorer of
the church in Zion is coming.</p>
<p>Is coming! Is coming!! Is coming!!!<br />
All heartily welcome.</p>
<p>Paying game. Torry and Alexander last year. Polygamy. His wife will
put the stopper on that. Where was that ad some Birmingham firm the
luminous crucifix. Our Saviour. Wake up in the dead of night and see him
on the wall, hanging. Pepper’s ghost idea. Iron Nails Ran In.</p>
<p>Phosphorus it must be done with. If you leave a bit of codfish for
instance. I could see the bluey silver over it. Night I went down to the
pantry in the kitchen. Don’t like all the smells in it waiting to rush
out. What was it she wanted? The Malaga raisins. Thinking of Spain.
Before Rudy was born. The phosphorescence, that bluey greeny. Very good
for the brain.</p>
<p>From Butler’s monument house corner he glanced along Bachelor’s walk.
Dedalus’ daughter there still outside Dillon’s auctionrooms. Must be
selling off some old furniture. Knew her eyes at once from the father.
Lobbing about waiting for him. Home always breaks up when the mother
goes. Fifteen children he had. Birth every year almost. That’s in their
theology or the priest won’t give the poor woman the confession, the
absolution. Increase and multiply. Did you ever hear such an idea? Eat
you out of house and home. No families themselves to feed. Living on the
fat of the land. Their butteries and larders. I’d like to see them do
the black fast Yom Kippur. Crossbuns. One meal and a collation for fear
he’d collapse on the altar. A housekeeper of one of those fellows if you
could pick it out of her. Never pick it out of her. Like getting £. s.
d. out of him. Does himself well. No guests. All for number one.
Watching his water. Bring your own bread and butter. His reverence:
mum’s the word.</p>
<p>Good Lord, that poor child’s dress is in flitters. Underfed she looks
too. Potatoes and marge, marge and potatoes. It’s after they feel it.
Proof of the pudding. Undermines the constitution.</p>
<p>As he set foot on O’Connell bridge a puffball of smoke plumed up from
the parapet. Brewery barge with export stout. England. Sea air sours it,
I heard. Be interesting some day get a pass through Hancock to see the
brewery. Regular world in itself. Vats of porter wonderful. Rats get in
too. Drink themselves bloated as big as a collie floating. Dead drunk on
the porter. Drink till they puke again like christians. Imagine drinking
that! Rats: vats. Well, of course, if we knew all the things.</p>
<p>Looking down he saw flapping strongly, wheeling between the gaunt
quaywalls, gulls. Rough weather outside. If I threw myself down? Reuben
J’s son must have swallowed a good bellyful of that sewage. One and
eightpence too much. Hhhhm. It’s the droll way he comes out with the
things. Knows how to tell a story too.</p>
<p>They wheeled lower. Looking for grub. Wait.</p>
<p>He threw down among them a crumpled paper ball. Elijah thirtytwo feet
per sec is com. Not a bit. The ball bobbed unheeded on the wake of
swells, floated under by the bridgepiers. Not such damn fools. Also the
day I threw that stale cake out of the Erin’s King picked it up in the
wake fifty yards astern. Live by their wits. They wheeled, flapping.</p>
<p>The hungry famished gull<br />
Flaps o’er the waters dull.</p>
<p>That is how poets write, the similar sounds. But then Shakespeare has
no rhymes: blank verse. The flow of the language it is. The thoughts.
Solemn.</p>
<p>Hamlet, I am thy father’s spirit<br />
Doomed for a certain time to walk the earth.</p>
<p>—Two apples a penny! Two for a penny!</p>
<p>His gaze passed over the glazed apples serried on her stand.
Australians they must be this time of year. Shiny peels: polishes them
up with a rag or a handkerchief.</p>
<p>Wait. Those poor birds.</p>
<p>He halted again and bought from the old applewoman two Banbury cakes
for a penny and broke the brittle paste and threw its fragments down
into the Liffey. See that? The gulls swooped silently, two, then all
from their heights, pouncing on prey. Gone. Every morsel.</p>
<p>Aware of their greed and cunning he shook the powdery crumb from his
hands. They never expected that. Manna. Live on fish, fishy flesh they
have, all seabirds, gulls, seagoose. Swans from Anna Liffey swim down
here sometimes to preen themselves. No accounting for tastes. Wonder
what kind is swanmeat. Robinson Crusoe had to live on them.</p>
<p>They wheeled flapping weakly. I’m not going to throw any more. Penny
quite enough. Lot of thanks I get. Not even a caw. They spread foot and
mouth disease too. If you cram a turkey say on chestnutmeal it tastes
like that. Eat pig like pig. But then why is it that saltwater fish are
not salty? How is that?</p>
<p>His eyes sought answer from the river and saw a rowboat rock at
anchor on the treacly swells lazily its plastered board.</p>
<p>Kino’s<br />
11/—<br />
Trousers</p>
<p>Good idea that. Wonder if he pays rent to the corporation. How can
you own water really? It’s always flowing in a stream, never the same,
which in the stream of life we trace. Because life is a stream. All
kinds of places are good for ads. That quack doctor for the clap used to
be stuck up in all the greenhouses. Never see it now. Strictly
confidential. Dr Hy Franks. Didn’t cost him a red like Maginni the
dancing master self advertisement. Got fellows to stick them up or stick
them up himself for that matter on the q. t. running in to loosen a
button. Flybynight. Just the place too. POST NO BILLS. POST 110 PILLS.
Some chap with a dose burning him.</p>
<p>If he...?</p>
<p>O!</p>
<p>Eh?</p>
<p>No... No.</p>
<p>No, no. I don’t believe it. He wouldn’t surely?</p>
<p>No, no.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom moved forward, raising his troubled eyes. Think no more
about that. After one. Timeball on the ballastoffice is down. Dunsink
time. Fascinating little book that is of sir Robert Ball’s. Parallax. I
never exactly understood. There’s a priest. Could ask him. Par it’s
Greek: parallel, parallax. Met him pike hoses she called it till I told
her about the transmigration. O rocks!</p>
<p>Mr Bloom smiled O rocks at two windows of the ballastoffice. She’s
right after all. Only big words for ordinary things on account of the
sound. She’s not exactly witty. Can be rude too. Blurt out what I was
thinking. Still, I don’t know. She used to say Ben Dollard had a base
barreltone voice. He has legs like barrels and you’d think he was
singing into a barrel. Now, isn’t that wit. They used to call him big
Ben. Not half as witty as calling him base barreltone. Appetite like an
albatross. Get outside of a baron of beef. Powerful man he was at
stowing away number one Bass. Barrel of Bass. See? It all works out.</p>
<p>A procession of whitesmocked sandwichmen marched slowly towards him
along the gutter, scarlet sashes across their boards. Bargains. Like
that priest they are this morning: we have sinned: we have suffered. He
read the scarlet letters on their five tall white hats: H. E. L. Y. S.
Wisdom Hely’s. Y lagging behind drew a chunk of bread from under his
foreboard, crammed it into his mouth and munched as he walked. Our
staple food. Three bob a day, walking along the gutters, street after
street. Just keep skin and bone together, bread and skilly. They are not
Boyl: no, M’Glade’s men. Doesn’t bring in any business either. I
suggested to him about a transparent showcart with two smart girls
sitting inside writing letters, copybooks, envelopes, blottingpaper. I
bet that would have caught on. Smart girls writing something catch the
eye at once. Everyone dying to know what she’s writing. Get twenty of
them round you if you stare at nothing. Have a finger in the pie. Women
too. Curiosity. Pillar of salt. Wouldn’t have it of course because he
didn’t think of it himself first. Or the inkbottle I suggested with a
false stain of black celluloid. His ideas for ads like Plumtree’s potted
under the obituaries, cold meat department. You can’t lick ’em. What?
Our envelopes. Hello, Jones, where are you going? Can’t stop, Robinson,
I am hastening to purchase the only reliable inkeraser <em>Kansell,</em>
sold by Hely’s Ltd, 85 Dame street. Well out of that ruck I am. Devil of
a job it was collecting accounts of those convents. Tranquilla convent.
That was a nice nun there, really sweet face. Wimple suited her small
head. Sister? Sister? I am sure she was crossed in love by her eyes.
Very hard to bargain with that sort of a woman. I disturbed her at her
devotions that morning. But glad to communicate with the outside world.
Our great day, she said. Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel. Sweet name
too: caramel. She knew I, I think she knew by the way she. If she had
married she would have changed. I suppose they really were short of
money. Fried everything in the best butter all the same. No lard for
them. My heart’s broke eating dripping. They like buttering themselves
in and out. Molly tasting it, her veil up. Sister? Pat Claffey, the
pawnbroker’s daughter. It was a nun they say invented barbed wire.</p>
<p>He crossed Westmoreland street when apostrophe S had plodded by.
Rover cycleshop. Those races are on today. How long ago is that? Year
Phil Gilligan died. We were in Lombard street west. Wait: was in Thom’s.
Got the job in Wisdom Hely’s year we married. Six years. Ten years ago:
ninetyfour he died yes that’s right the big fire at Arnott’s. Val Dillon
was lord mayor. The Glencree dinner. Alderman Robert O’Reilly emptying
the port into his soup before the flag fell. Bobbob lapping it for the
inner alderman. Couldn’t hear what the band played. For what we have
already received may the Lord make us. Milly was a kiddy then. Molly had
that elephantgrey dress with the braided frogs. Mantailored with
selfcovered buttons. She didn’t like it because I sprained my ankle
first day she wore choir picnic at the Sugarloaf. As if that. Old
Goodwin’s tall hat done up with some sticky stuff. Flies’ picnic too.
Never put a dress on her back like it. Fitted her like a glove,
shoulders and hips. Just beginning to plump it out well. Rabbitpie we
had that day. People looking after her.</p>
<p>Happy. Happier then. Snug little room that was with the red
wallpaper. Dockrell’s, one and ninepence a dozen. Milly’s tubbing night.
American soap I bought: elderflower. Cosy smell of her bathwater. Funny
she looked soaped all over. Shapely too. Now photography. Poor papa’s
daguerreotype atelier he told me of. Hereditary taste.</p>
<p>He walked along the curbstone.</p>
<p>Stream of life. What was the name of that priestylooking chap was
always squinting in when he passed? Weak eyes, woman. Stopped in
Citron’s saint Kevin’s parade. Pen something. Pendennis? My memory is
getting. Pen ...? Of course it’s years ago. Noise of the trams probably.
Well, if he couldn’t remember the dayfather’s name that he sees every
day.</p>
<p>Bartell d’Arcy was the tenor, just coming out then. Seeing her home
after practice. Conceited fellow with his waxedup moustache. Gave her
that song <em>Winds that blow from the south</em>.</p>
<p>Windy night that was I went to fetch her there was that lodge meeting
on about those lottery tickets after Goodwin’s concert in the supperroom
or oakroom of the Mansion house. He and I behind. Sheet of her music
blew out of my hand against the High school railings. Lucky it didn’t.
Thing like that spoils the effect of a night for her. Professor Goodwin
linking her in front. Shaky on his pins, poor old sot. His farewell
concerts. Positively last appearance on any stage. May be for months and
may be for never. Remember her laughing at the wind, her blizzard collar
up. Corner of Harcourt road remember that gust. Brrfoo! Blew up all her
skirts and her boa nearly smothered old Goodwin. She did get flushed in
the wind. Remember when we got home raking up the fire and frying up
those pieces of lap of mutton for her supper with the Chutney sauce she
liked. And the mulled rum. Could see her in the bedroom from the hearth
unclamping the busk of her stays: white.</p>
<p>Swish and soft flop her stays made on the bed. Always warm from her.
Always liked to let her self out. Sitting there after till near two
taking out her hairpins. Milly tucked up in beddyhouse. Happy. Happy.
That was the night...</p>
<p>—O, Mr Bloom, how do you do?</p>
<p>—O, how do you do, Mrs Breen?</p>
<p>—No use complaining. How is Molly those times? Haven’t seen her for
ages.</p>
<p>—In the pink, Mr Bloom said gaily. Milly has a position down in
Mullingar, you know.</p>
<p>—Go away! Isn’t that grand for her?</p>
<p>—Yes. In a photographer’s there. Getting on like a house on fire. How
are all your charges?</p>
<p>—All on the baker’s list, Mrs Breen said.</p>
<p>How many has she? No other in sight.</p>
<p>—You’re in black, I see. You have no...</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom said. I have just come from a funeral.</p>
<p>Going to crop up all day, I foresee. Who’s dead, when and what did he
die of? Turn up like a bad penny.</p>
<p>—O, dear me, Mrs Breen said. I hope it wasn’t any near relation.</p>
<p>May as well get her sympathy.</p>
<p>—Dignam, Mr Bloom said. An old friend of mine. He died quite
suddenly, poor fellow. Heart trouble, I believe. Funeral was this
morning.</p>
<p>Your funeral’s tomorrow<br />
While you’re coming through the rye.<br />
Diddlediddle dumdum<br />
Diddlediddle...</p>
<p>—Sad to lose the old friends, Mrs Breen’s womaneyes said
melancholily.</p>
<p>Now that’s quite enough about that. Just: quietly: husband.</p>
<p>—And your lord and master?</p>
<p>Mrs Breen turned up her two large eyes. Hasn’t lost them anyhow.</p>
<p>—O, don’t be talking! she said. He’s a caution to rattlesnakes. He’s
in there now with his lawbooks finding out the law of libel. He has me
heartscalded. Wait till I show you.</p>
<p>Hot mockturtle vapour and steam of newbaked jampuffs rolypoly poured
out from Harrison’s. The heavy noonreek tickled the top of Mr Bloom’s
gullet. Want to make good pastry, butter, best flour, Demerara sugar, or
they’d taste it with the hot tea. Or is it from her? A barefoot arab
stood over the grating, breathing in the fumes. Deaden the gnaw of
hunger that way. Pleasure or pain is it? Penny dinner. Knife and fork
chained to the table.</p>
<p>Opening her handbag, chipped leather. Hatpin: ought to have a guard
on those things. Stick it in a chap’s eye in the tram. Rummaging. Open.
Money. Please take one. Devils if they lose sixpence. Raise Cain.
Husband barging. Where’s the ten shillings I gave you on Monday? Are you
feeding your little brother’s family? Soiled handkerchief:
medicinebottle. Pastille that was fell. What is she?...</p>
<p>—There must be a new moon out, she said. He’s always bad then. Do you
know what he did last night?</p>
<p>Her hand ceased to rummage. Her eyes fixed themselves on him, wide in
alarm, yet smiling.</p>
<p>—What? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>Let her speak. Look straight in her eyes. I believe you. Trust
me.</p>
<p>—Woke me up in the night, she said. Dream he had, a nightmare.</p>
<p>Indiges.</p>
<p>—Said the ace of spades was walking up the stairs.</p>
<p>—The ace of spades! Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>She took a folded postcard from her handbag.</p>
<p>—Read that, she said. He got it this morning.</p>
<p>—What is it? Mr Bloom asked, taking the card. U. P.?</p>
<p>—U. p: up, she said. Someone taking a rise out of him. It’s a great
shame for them whoever he is.</p>
<p>—Indeed it is, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>She took back the card, sighing.</p>
<p>—And now he’s going round to Mr Menton’s office. He’s going to take
an action for ten thousand pounds, he says.</p>
<p>She folded the card into her untidy bag and snapped the catch.</p>
<p>Same blue serge dress she had two years ago, the nap bleaching. Seen
its best days. Wispish hair over her ears. And that dowdy toque: three
old grapes to take the harm out of it. Shabby genteel. She used to be a
tasty dresser. Lines round her mouth. Only a year or so older than
Molly.</p>
<p>See the eye that woman gave her, passing. Cruel. The unfair sex.</p>
<p>He looked still at her, holding back behind his look his discontent.
Pungent mockturtle oxtail mulligatawny. I’m hungry too. Flakes of pastry
on the gusset of her dress: daub of sugary flour stuck to her cheek.
Rhubarb tart with liberal fillings, rich fruit interior. Josie Powell
that was. In Luke Doyle’s long ago. Dolphin’s Barn, the charades. U. p:
up.</p>
<p>Change the subject.</p>
<p>—Do you ever see anything of Mrs Beaufoy? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>—Mina Purefoy? she said.</p>
<p>Philip Beaufoy I was thinking. Playgoers’ Club. Matcham often thinks
of the masterstroke. Did I pull the chain? Yes. The last act.</p>
<p>—Yes.</p>
<p>—I just called to ask on the way in is she over it. She’s in the
lying-in hospital in Holles street. Dr Horne got her in. She’s three
days bad now.</p>
<p>—O, Mr Bloom said. I’m sorry to hear that.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mrs Breen said. And a houseful of kids at home. It’s a very
stiff birth, the nurse told me.</p>
<p>—O, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>His heavy pitying gaze absorbed her news. His tongue clacked in
compassion. Dth! Dth!</p>
<p>—I’m sorry to hear that, he said. Poor thing! Three days! That’s
terrible for her.</p>
<p>Mrs Breen nodded.</p>
<p>—She was taken bad on the Tuesday...</p>
<p>Mr Bloom touched her funnybone gently, warning her:</p>
<p>—Mind! Let this man pass.</p>
<p>A bony form strode along the curbstone from the river staring with a
rapt gaze into the sunlight through a heavystringed glass. Tight as a
skullpiece a tiny hat gripped his head. From his arm a folded dustcoat,
a stick and an umbrella dangled to his stride.</p>
<p>—Watch him, Mr Bloom said. He always walks outside the lampposts.
Watch!</p>
<p>—Who is he if it’s a fair question? Mrs Breen asked. Is he dotty?</p>
<p>—His name is Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, Mr
Bloom said smiling. Watch!</p>
<p>—He has enough of them, she said. Denis will be like that one of
these days.</p>
<p>She broke off suddenly.</p>
<p>—There he is, she said. I must go after him. Goodbye. Remember me to
Molly, won’t you?</p>
<p>—I will, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He watched her dodge through passers towards the shopfronts. Denis
Breen in skimpy frockcoat and blue canvas shoes shuffled out of
Harrison’s hugging two heavy tomes to his ribs. Blown in from the bay.
Like old times. He suffered her to overtake him without surprise and
thrust his dull grey beard towards her, his loose jaw wagging as he
spoke earnestly.</p>
<p>Meshuggah. Off his chump.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom walked on again easily, seeing ahead of him in sunlight the
tight skullpiece, the dangling stickumbrelladustcoat. Going the two
days. Watch him! Out he goes again. One way of getting on in the world.
And that other old mosey lunatic in those duds. Hard time she must have
with him.</p>
<p>U. p: up. I’ll take my oath that’s Alf Bergan or Richie Goulding.
Wrote it for a lark in the Scotch house I bet anything. Round to
Menton’s office. His oyster eyes staring at the postcard. Be a feast for
the gods.</p>
<p>He passed the <em>Irish Times</em>. There might be other answers
lying there. Like to answer them all. Good system for criminals. Code.
At their lunch now. Clerk with the glasses there doesn’t know me. O,
leave them there to simmer. Enough bother wading through fortyfour of
them. Wanted, smart lady typist to aid gentleman in literary work. I
called you naughty darling because I do not like that other world.
Please tell me what is the meaning. Please tell me what perfume does
your wife. Tell me who made the world. The way they spring those
questions on you. And the other one Lizzie Twigg. My literary efforts
have had the good fortune to meet with the approval of the eminent poet
A. E. (Mr Geo. Russell). No time to do her hair drinking sloppy tea with
a book of poetry.</p>
<p>Best paper by long chalks for a small ad. Got the provinces now. Cook
and general, exc. cuisine, housemaid kept. Wanted live man for spirit
counter. Resp. girl (R.C.) wishes to hear of post in fruit or pork shop.
James Carlisle made that. Six and a half per cent dividend. Made a big
deal on Coates’s shares. Ca’ canny. Cunning old Scotch hunks. All the
toady news. Our gracious and popular vicereine. Bought the <em>Irish
Field</em> now. Lady Mountcashel has quite recovered after her
confinement and rode out with the Ward Union staghounds at the
enlargement yesterday at Rathoath. Uneatable fox. Pothunters too. Fear
injects juices make it tender enough for them. Riding astride. Sit her
horse like a man. Weightcarrying huntress. No sidesaddle or pillion for
her, not for Joe. First to the meet and in at the death. Strong as a
brood mare some of those horsey women. Swagger around livery stables.
Toss off a glass of brandy neat while you’d say knife. That one at the
Grosvenor this morning. Up with her on the car: wishswish. Stonewall or
fivebarred gate put her mount to it. Think that pugnosed driver did it
out of spite. Who is this she was like? O yes! Mrs Miriam Dandrade that
sold me her old wraps and black underclothes in the Shelbourne hotel.
Divorced Spanish American. Didn’t take a feather out of her my handling
them. As if I was her clotheshorse. Saw her in the viceregal party when
Stubbs the park ranger got me in with Whelan of the <em>Express.</em>
Scavenging what the quality left. High tea. Mayonnaise I poured on the
plums thinking it was custard. Her ears ought to have tingled for a few
weeks after. Want to be a bull for her. Born courtesan. No nursery work
for her, thanks.</p>
<p>Poor Mrs Purefoy! Methodist husband. Method in his madness. Saffron
bun and milk and soda lunch in the educational dairy. Y. M. C. A. Eating
with a stopwatch, thirtytwo chews to the minute. And still his
muttonchop whiskers grew. Supposed to be well connected. Theodore’s
cousin in Dublin Castle. One tony relative in every family. Hardy
annuals he presents her with. Saw him out at the Three Jolly Topers
marching along bareheaded and his eldest boy carrying one in a
marketnet. The squallers. Poor thing! Then having to give the breast
year after year all hours of the night. Selfish those t.t’s are. Dog in
the manger. Only one lump of sugar in my tea, if you please.</p>
<p>He stood at Fleet street crossing. Luncheon interval. A sixpenny at
Rowe’s? Must look up that ad in the national library. An eightpenny in
the Burton. Better. On my way.</p>
<p>He walked on past Bolton’s Westmoreland house. Tea. Tea. Tea. I
forgot to tap Tom Kernan.</p>
<p>Sss. Dth, dth, dth! Three days imagine groaning on a bed with a
vinegared handkerchief round her forehead, her belly swollen out. Phew!
Dreadful simply! Child’s head too big: forceps. Doubled up inside her
trying to butt its way out blindly, groping for the way out. Kill me
that would. Lucky Molly got over hers lightly. They ought to invent
something to stop that. Life with hard labour. Twilight sleep idea:
queen Victoria was given that. Nine she had. A good layer. Old woman
that lived in a shoe she had so many children. Suppose he was
consumptive. Time someone thought about it instead of gassing about the
what was it the pensive bosom of the silver effulgence. Flapdoodle to
feed fools on. They could easily have big establishments whole thing
quite painless out of all the taxes give every child born five quid at
compound interest up to twentyone five per cent is a hundred shillings
and five tiresome pounds multiply by twenty decimal system encourage
people to put by money save hundred and ten and a bit twentyone years
want to work it out on paper come to a tidy sum more than you think.</p>
<p>Not stillborn of course. They are not even registered. Trouble for
nothing.</p>
<p>Funny sight two of them together, their bellies out. Molly and Mrs
Moisel. Mothers’ meeting. Phthisis retires for the time being, then
returns. How flat they look all of a sudden after. Peaceful eyes. Weight
off their mind. Old Mrs Thornton was a jolly old soul. All my babies,
she said. The spoon of pap in her mouth before she fed them. O, that’s
nyumnyum. Got her hand crushed by old Tom Wall’s son. His first bow to
the public. Head like a prize pumpkin. Snuffy Dr Murren. People knocking
them up at all hours. For God’ sake, doctor. Wife in her throes. Then
keep them waiting months for their fee. To attendance on your wife. No
gratitude in people. Humane doctors, most of them.</p>
<p>Before the huge high door of the Irish house of parliament a flock of
pigeons flew. Their little frolic after meals. Who will we do it on? I
pick the fellow in black. Here goes. Here’s good luck. Must be thrilling
from the air. Apjohn, myself and Owen Goldberg up in the trees near
Goose green playing the monkeys. Mackerel they called me.</p>
<p>A squad of constables debouched from College street, marching in
Indian file. Goosestep. Foodheated faces, sweating helmets, patting
their truncheons. After their feed with a good load of fat soup under
their belts. Policeman’s lot is oft a happy one. They split up in groups
and scattered, saluting, towards their beats. Let out to graze. Best
moment to attack one in pudding time. A punch in his dinner. A squad of
others, marching irregularly, rounded Trinity railings making for the
station. Bound for their troughs. Prepare to receive cavalry. Prepare to
receive soup.</p>
<p>He crossed under Tommy Moore’s roguish finger. They did right to put
him up over a urinal: meeting of the waters. Ought to be places for
women. Running into cakeshops. Settle my hat straight. <em>There is not
in this wide world a vallee</em>. Great song of Julia Morkan’s. Kept her
voice up to the very last. Pupil of Michael Balfe’s, wasn’t she?</p>
<p>He gazed after the last broad tunic. Nasty customers to tackle. Jack
Power could a tale unfold: father a G man. If a fellow gave them trouble
being lagged they let him have it hot and heavy in the bridewell. Can’t
blame them after all with the job they have especially the young
hornies. That horsepoliceman the day Joe Chamberlain was given his
degree in Trinity he got a run for his money. My word he did! His
horse’s hoofs clattering after us down Abbey street. Lucky I had the
presence of mind to dive into Manning’s or I was souped. He did come a
wallop, by George. Must have cracked his skull on the cobblestones. I
oughtn’t to have got myself swept along with those medicals. And the
Trinity jibs in their mortarboards. Looking for trouble. Still I got to
know that young Dixon who dressed that sting for me in the Mater and now
he’s in Holles street where Mrs Purefoy. Wheels within wheels. Police
whistle in my ears still. All skedaddled. Why he fixed on me. Give me in
charge. Right here it began.</p>
<p>—Up the Boers!</p>
<p>—Three cheers for De Wet!</p>
<p>—We’ll hang Joe Chamberlain on a sourapple tree.</p>
<p>Silly billies: mob of young cubs yelling their guts out. Vinegar
hill. The Butter exchange band. Few years’ time half of them magistrates
and civil servants. War comes on: into the army helterskelter: same
fellows used to. Whether on the scaffold high.</p>
<p>Never know who you’re talking to. Corny Kelleher he has Harvey Duff
in his eye. Like that Peter or Denis or James Carey that blew the gaff
on the invincibles. Member of the corporation too. Egging raw youths on
to get in the know all the time drawing secret service pay from the
castle. Drop him like a hot potato. Why those plainclothes men are
always courting slaveys. Easily twig a man used to uniform.
Squarepushing up against a backdoor. Maul her a bit. Then the next thing
on the menu. And who is the gentleman does be visiting there? Was the
young master saying anything? Peeping Tom through the keyhole. Decoy
duck. Hotblooded young student fooling round her fat arms ironing.</p>
<p>—Are those yours, Mary?</p>
<p>—I don’t wear such things... Stop or I’ll tell the missus on you. Out
half the night.</p>
<p>—There are great times coming, Mary. Wait till you see.</p>
<p>—Ah, gelong with your great times coming.</p>
<p>Barmaids too. Tobaccoshopgirls.</p>
<p>James Stephens’ idea was the best. He knew them. Circles of ten so
that a fellow couldn’t round on more than his own ring. Sinn Fein. Back
out you get the knife. Hidden hand. Stay in. The firing squad. Turnkey’s
daughter got him out of Richmond, off from Lusk. Putting up in the
Buckingham Palace hotel under their very noses. Garibaldi.</p>
<p>You must have a certain fascination: Parnell. Arthur Griffith is a
squareheaded fellow but he has no go in him for the mob. Or gas about
our lovely land. Gammon and spinach. Dublin Bakery Company’s tearoom.
Debating societies. That republicanism is the best form of government.
That the language question should take precedence of the economic
question. Have your daughters inveigling them to your house. Stuff them
up with meat and drink. Michaelmas goose. Here’s a good lump of thyme
seasoning under the apron for you. Have another quart of goosegrease
before it gets too cold. Halffed enthusiasts. Penny roll and a walk with
the band. No grace for the carver. The thought that the other chap pays
best sauce in the world. Make themselves thoroughly at home. Show us
over those apricots, meaning peaches. The not far distant day. Homerule
sun rising up in the northwest.</p>
<p>His smile faded as he walked, a heavy cloud hiding the sun slowly,
shadowing Trinity’s surly front. Trams passed one another, ingoing,
outgoing, clanging. Useless words. Things go on same, day after day:
squads of police marching out, back: trams in, out. Those two loonies
mooching about. Dignam carted off. Mina Purefoy swollen belly on a bed
groaning to have a child tugged out of her. One born every second
somewhere. Other dying every second. Since I fed the birds five minutes.
Three hundred kicked the bucket. Other three hundred born, washing the
blood off, all are washed in the blood of the lamb, bawling maaaaaa.</p>
<p>Cityful passing away, other cityful coming, passing away too: other
coming on, passing on. Houses, lines of houses, streets, miles of
pavements, piledup bricks, stones. Changing hands. This owner, that.
Landlord never dies they say. Other steps into his shoes when he gets
his notice to quit. They buy the place up with gold and still they have
all the gold. Swindle in it somewhere. Piled up in cities, worn away age
after age. Pyramids in sand. Built on bread and onions. Slaves Chinese
wall. Babylon. Big stones left. Round towers. Rest rubble, sprawling
suburbs, jerrybuilt. Kerwan’s mushroom houses built of breeze. Shelter,
for the night.</p>
<p>No-one is anything.</p>
<p>This is the very worst hour of the day. Vitality. Dull, gloomy: hate
this hour. Feel as if I had been eaten and spewed.</p>
<p>Provost’s house. The reverend Dr Salmon: tinned salmon. Well tinned
in there. Like a mortuary chapel. Wouldn’t live in it if they paid me.
Hope they have liver and bacon today. Nature abhors a vacuum.</p>
<p>The sun freed itself slowly and lit glints of light among the
silverware opposite in Walter Sexton’s window by which John Howard
Parnell passed, unseeing.</p>
<p>There he is: the brother. Image of him. Haunting face. Now that’s a
coincidence. Course hundreds of times you think of a person and don’t
meet him. Like a man walking in his sleep. No-one knows him. Must be a
corporation meeting today. They say he never put on the city marshal’s
uniform since he got the job. Charley Kavanagh used to come out on his
high horse, cocked hat, puffed, powdered and shaved. Look at the
woebegone walk of him. Eaten a bad egg. Poached eyes on ghost. I have a
pain. Great man’s brother: his brother’s brother. He’d look nice on the
city charger. Drop into the D.B.C. probably for his coffee, play chess
there. His brother used men as pawns. Let them all go to pot. Afraid to
pass a remark on him. Freeze them up with that eye of his. That’s the
fascination: the name. All a bit touched. Mad Fanny and his other sister
Mrs Dickinson driving about with scarlet harness. Bolt upright like
surgeon M’Ardle. Still David Sheehy beat him for south Meath. Apply for
the Chiltern Hundreds and retire into public life. The patriot’s
banquet. Eating orangepeels in the park. Simon Dedalus said when they
put him in parliament that Parnell would come back from the grave and
lead him out of the house of commons by the arm.</p>
<p>—Of the twoheaded octopus, one of whose heads is the head upon which
the ends of the world have forgotten to come while the other speaks with
a Scotch accent. The tentacles...</p>
<p>They passed from behind Mr Bloom along the curbstone. Beard and
bicycle. Young woman.</p>
<p>And there he is too. Now that’s really a coincidence: second time.
Coming events cast their shadows before. With the approval of the
eminent poet, Mr Geo. Russell. That might be Lizzie Twigg with him. A.
E.: what does that mean? Initials perhaps. Albert Edward, Arthur Edmund,
Alphonsus Eb Ed El Esquire. What was he saying? The ends of the world
with a Scotch accent. Tentacles: octopus. Something occult: symbolism.
Holding forth. She’s taking it all in. Not saying a word. To aid
gentleman in literary work.</p>
<p>His eyes followed the high figure in homespun, beard and bicycle, a
listening woman at his side. Coming from the vegetarian. Only
weggebobbles and fruit. Don’t eat a beefsteak. If you do the eyes of
that cow will pursue you through all eternity. They say it’s healthier.
Windandwatery though. Tried it. Keep you on the run all day. Bad as a
bloater. Dreams all night. Why do they call that thing they gave me
nutsteak? Nutarians. Fruitarians. To give you the idea you are eating
rumpsteak. Absurd. Salty too. They cook in soda. Keep you sitting by the
tap all night.</p>
<p>Her stockings are loose over her ankles. I detest that: so tasteless.
Those literary etherial people they are all. Dreamy, cloudy,
symbolistic. Esthetes they are. I wouldn’t be surprised if it was that
kind of food you see produces the like waves of the brain the poetical.
For example one of those policemen sweating Irish stew into their shirts
you couldn’t squeeze a line of poetry out of him. Don’t know what poetry
is even. Must be in a certain mood.</p>
<p>The dreamy cloudy gull<br />
Waves o’er the waters dull.</p>
<p>He crossed at Nassau street corner and stood before the window of
Yeates and Son, pricing the fieldglasses. Or will I drop into old
Harris’s and have a chat with young Sinclair? Wellmannered fellow.
Probably at his lunch. Must get those old glasses of mine set right.
Goerz lenses six guineas. Germans making their way everywhere. Sell on
easy terms to capture trade. Undercutting. Might chance on a pair in the
railway lost property office. Astonishing the things people leave behind
them in trains and cloakrooms. What do they be thinking about? Women
too. Incredible. Last year travelling to Ennis had to pick up that
farmer’s daughter’s bag and hand it to her at Limerick junction.
Unclaimed money too. There’s a little watch up there on the roof of the
bank to test those glasses by.</p>
<p>His lids came down on the lower rims of his irides. Can’t see it. If
you imagine it’s there you can almost see it. Can’t see it.</p>
<p>He faced about and, standing between the awnings, held out his right
hand at arm’s length towards the sun. Wanted to try that often. Yes:
completely. The tip of his little finger blotted out the sun’s disk.
Must be the focus where the rays cross. If I had black glasses.
Interesting. There was a lot of talk about those sunspots when we were
in Lombard street west. Looking up from the back garden. Terrific
explosions they are. There will be a total eclipse this year: autumn
some time.</p>
<p>Now that I come to think of it that ball falls at Greenwich time.
It’s the clock is worked by an electric wire from Dunsink. Must go out
there some first Saturday of the month. If I could get an introduction
to professor Joly or learn up something about his family. That would do
to: man always feels complimented. Flattery where least expected.
Nobleman proud to be descended from some king’s mistress. His
foremother. Lay it on with a trowel. Cap in hand goes through the land.
Not go in and blurt out what you know you’re not to: what’s parallax?
Show this gentleman the door.</p>
<p>Ah.</p>
<p>His hand fell to his side again.</p>
<p>Never know anything about it. Waste of time. Gasballs spinning about,
crossing each other, passing. Same old dingdong always. Gas: then solid:
then world: then cold: then dead shell drifting around, frozen rock,
like that pineapple rock. The moon. Must be a new moon out, she said. I
believe there is.</p>
<p>He went on by la maison Claire.</p>
<p>Wait. The full moon was the night we were Sunday fortnight exactly
there is a new moon. Walking down by the Tolka. Not bad for a Fairview
moon. She was humming. The young May moon she’s beaming, love. He other
side of her. Elbow, arm. He. Glowworm’s la-amp is gleaming, love. Touch.
Fingers. Asking. Answer. Yes.</p>
<p>Stop. Stop. If it was it was. Must.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, quickbreathing, slowlier walking passed Adam court.</p>
<p>With a keep quiet relief his eyes took note this is the street here
middle of the day of Bob Doran’s bottle shoulders. On his annual bend,
M’Coy said. They drink in order to say or do something or <em>cherchez
la femme</em>. Up in the Coombe with chummies and streetwalkers and then
the rest of the year sober as a judge.</p>
<p>Yes. Thought so. Sloping into the Empire. Gone. Plain soda would do
him good. Where Pat Kinsella had his Harp theatre before Whitbred ran
the Queen’s. Broth of a boy. Dion Boucicault business with his
harvestmoon face in a poky bonnet. Three Purty Maids from School. How
time flies, eh? Showing long red pantaloons under his skirts. Drinkers,
drinking, laughed spluttering, their drink against their breath. More
power, Pat. Coarse red: fun for drunkards: guffaw and smoke. Take off
that white hat. His parboiled eyes. Where is he now? Beggar somewhere.
The harp that once did starve us all.</p>
<p>I was happier then. Or was that I? Or am I now I? Twentyeight I was.
She twentythree. When we left Lombard street west something changed.
Could never like it again after Rudy. Can’t bring back time. Like
holding water in your hand. Would you go back to then? Just beginning
then. Would you? Are you not happy in your home you poor little naughty
boy? Wants to sew on buttons for me. I must answer. Write it in the
library.</p>
<p>Grafton street gay with housed awnings lured his senses. Muslin
prints, silkdames and dowagers, jingle of harnesses, hoofthuds
lowringing in the baking causeway. Thick feet that woman has in the
white stockings. Hope the rain mucks them up on her. Countrybred
chawbacon. All the beef to the heels were in. Always gives a woman
clumsy feet. Molly looks out of plumb.</p>
<p>He passed, dallying, the windows of Brown Thomas, silk mercers.
Cascades of ribbons. Flimsy China silks. A tilted urn poured from its
mouth a flood of bloodhued poplin: lustrous blood. The huguenots brought
that here. <em>La causa è santa!</em> Tara tara. Great chorus that.
Taree tara. Must be washed in rainwater. Meyerbeer. Tara: bom bom
bom.</p>
<p>Pincushions. I’m a long time threatening to buy one. Sticking them
all over the place. Needles in window curtains.</p>
<p>He bared slightly his left forearm. Scrape: nearly gone. Not today
anyhow. Must go back for that lotion. For her birthday perhaps.
Junejulyaugseptember eighth. Nearly three months off. Then she mightn’t
like it. Women won’t pick up pins. Say it cuts lo.</p>
<p>Gleaming silks, petticoats on slim brass rails, rays of flat silk
stockings.</p>
<p>Useless to go back. Had to be. Tell me all.</p>
<p>High voices. Sunwarm silk. Jingling harnesses. All for a woman, home
and houses, silkwebs, silver, rich fruits spicy from Jaffa. Agendath
Netaim. Wealth of the world.</p>
<p>A warm human plumpness settled down on his brain. His brain yielded.
Perfume of embraces all him assailed. With hungered flesh obscurely, he
mutely craved to adore.</p>
<p>Duke street. Here we are. Must eat. The Burton. Feel better then.</p>
<p>He turned Combridge’s corner, still pursued. Jingling, hoofthuds.
Perfumed bodies, warm, full. All kissed, yielded: in deep summer fields,
tangled pressed grass, in trickling hallways of tenements, along sofas,
creaking beds.</p>
<p>—Jack, love!</p>
<p>—Darling!</p>
<p>—Kiss me, Reggy!</p>
<p>—My boy!</p>
<p>—Love!</p>
<p>His heart astir he pushed in the door of the Burton restaurant. Stink
gripped his trembling breath: pungent meatjuice, slush of greens. See
the animals feed.</p>
<p>Men, men, men.</p>
<p>Perched on high stools by the bar, hats shoved back, at the tables
calling for more bread no charge, swilling, wolfing gobfuls of sloppy
food, their eyes bulging, wiping wetted moustaches. A pallid suetfaced
young man polished his tumbler knife fork and spoon with his napkin. New
set of microbes. A man with an infant’s saucestained napkin tucked round
him shovelled gurgling soup down his gullet. A man spitting back on his
plate: halfmasticated gristle: gums: no teeth to chewchewchew it. Chump
chop from the grill. Bolting to get it over. Sad booser’s eyes. Bitten
off more than he can chew. Am I like that? See ourselves as others see
us. Hungry man is an angry man. Working tooth and jaw. Don’t! O! A bone!
That last pagan king of Ireland Cormac in the schoolpoem choked himself
at Sletty southward of the Boyne. Wonder what he was eating. Something
galoptious. Saint Patrick converted him to Christianity. Couldn’t
swallow it all however.</p>
<p>—Roast beef and cabbage.</p>
<p>—One stew.</p>
<p>Smells of men. Spat-on sawdust, sweetish warmish cigarettesmoke, reek
of plug, spilt beer, men’s beery piss, the stale of ferment.</p>
<p>His gorge rose.</p>
<p>Couldn’t eat a morsel here. Fellow sharpening knife and fork to eat
all before him, old chap picking his tootles. Slight spasm, full,
chewing the cud. Before and after. Grace after meals. Look on this
picture then on that. Scoffing up stewgravy with sopping sippets of
bread. Lick it off the plate, man! Get out of this.</p>
<p>He gazed round the stooled and tabled eaters, tightening the wings of
his nose.</p>
<p>—Two stouts here.</p>
<p>—One corned and cabbage.</p>
<p>That fellow ramming a knifeful of cabbage down as if his life
depended on it. Good stroke. Give me the fidgets to look. Safer to eat
from his three hands. Tear it limb from limb. Second nature to him. Born
with a silver knife in his mouth. That’s witty, I think. Or no. Silver
means born rich. Born with a knife. But then the allusion is lost.</p>
<p>An illgirt server gathered sticky clattering plates. Rock, the head
bailiff, standing at the bar blew the foamy crown from his tankard. Well
up: it splashed yellow near his boot. A diner, knife and fork upright,
elbows on table, ready for a second helping stared towards the foodlift
across his stained square of newspaper. Other chap telling him something
with his mouth full. Sympathetic listener. Table talk. I munched hum un
thu Unchster Bunk un Munchday. Ha? Did you, faith?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom raised two fingers doubtfully to his lips. His eyes
said:</p>
<p>—Not here. Don’t see him.</p>
<p>Out. I hate dirty eaters.</p>
<p>He backed towards the door. Get a light snack in Davy Byrne’s.
Stopgap. Keep me going. Had a good breakfast.</p>
<p>—Roast and mashed here.</p>
<p>—Pint of stout.</p>
<p>Every fellow for his own, tooth and nail. Gulp. Grub. Gulp.
Gobstuff.</p>
<p>He came out into clearer air and turned back towards Grafton street.
Eat or be eaten. Kill! Kill!</p>
<p>Suppose that communal kitchen years to come perhaps. All trotting
down with porringers and tommycans to be filled. Devour contents in the
street. John Howard Parnell example the provost of Trinity every
mother’s son don’t talk of your provosts and provost of Trinity women
and children cabmen priests parsons fieldmarshals archbishops. From
Ailesbury road, Clyde road, artisans’ dwellings, north Dublin union,
lord mayor in his gingerbread coach, old queen in a bathchair. My
plate’s empty. After you with our incorporated drinkingcup. Like sir
Philip Crampton’s fountain. Rub off the microbes with your handkerchief.
Next chap rubs on a new batch with his. Father O’Flynn would make hares
of them all. Have rows all the same. All for number one. Children
fighting for the scrapings of the pot. Want a souppot as big as the
Phoenix park. Harpooning flitches and hindquarters out of it. Hate
people all round you. City Arms hotel <em>table d’hôte</em> she called
it. Soup, joint and sweet. Never know whose thoughts you’re chewing.
Then who’d wash up all the plates and forks? Might be all feeding on
tabloids that time. Teeth getting worse and worse.</p>
<p>After all there’s a lot in that vegetarian fine flavour of things
from the earth garlic of course it stinks after Italian organgrinders
crisp of onions mushrooms truffles. Pain to the animal too. Pluck and
draw fowl. Wretched brutes there at the cattlemarket waiting for the
poleaxe to split their skulls open. Moo. Poor trembling calves. Meh.
Staggering bob. Bubble and squeak. Butchers’ buckets wobbly lights. Give
us that brisket off the hook. Plup. Rawhead and bloody bones. Flayed
glasseyed sheep hung from their haunches, sheepsnouts bloodypapered
snivelling nosejam on sawdust. Top and lashers going out. Don’t maul
them pieces, young one.</p>
<p>Hot fresh blood they prescribe for decline. Blood always needed.
Insidious. Lick it up smokinghot, thick sugary. Famished ghosts.</p>
<p>Ah, I’m hungry.</p>
<p>He entered Davy Byrne’s. Moral pub. He doesn’t chat. Stands a drink
now and then. But in leapyear once in four. Cashed a cheque for me
once.</p>
<p>What will I take now? He drew his watch. Let me see now.
Shandygaff?</p>
<p>—Hello, Bloom, Nosey Flynn said from his nook.</p>
<p>—Hello, Flynn.</p>
<p>—How’s things?</p>
<p>—Tiptop... Let me see. I’ll take a glass of burgundy and... let me
see.</p>
<p>Sardines on the shelves. Almost taste them by looking. Sandwich? Ham
and his descendants musterred and bred there. Potted meats. What is home
without Plumtree’s potted meat? Incomplete. What a stupid ad! Under the
obituary notices they stuck it. All up a plumtree. Dignam’s potted meat.
Cannibals would with lemon and rice. White missionary too salty. Like
pickled pork. Expect the chief consumes the parts of honour. Ought to be
tough from exercise. His wives in a row to watch the effect. <em>There
was a right royal old nigger. Who ate or something the somethings of the
reverend Mr MacTrigger</em>. With it an abode of bliss. Lord knows what
concoction. Cauls mouldy tripes windpipes faked and minced up. Puzzle
find the meat. Kosher. No meat and milk together. Hygiene that was what
they call now. Yom Kippur fast spring cleaning of inside. Peace and war
depend on some fellow’s digestion. Religions. Christmas turkeys and
geese. Slaughter of innocents. Eat drink and be merry. Then casual wards
full after. Heads bandaged. Cheese digests all but itself. Mity
cheese.</p>
<p>—Have you a cheese sandwich?</p>
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<p>Like a few olives too if they had them. Italian I prefer. Good glass
of burgundy take away that. Lubricate. A nice salad, cool as a cucumber,
Tom Kernan can dress. Puts gusto into it. Pure olive oil. Milly served
me that cutlet with a sprig of parsley. Take one Spanish onion. God made
food, the devil the cooks. Devilled crab.</p>
<p>—Wife well?</p>
<p>—Quite well, thanks... A cheese sandwich, then. Gorgonzola, have
you?</p>
<p>—Yes, sir.</p>
<p>Nosey Flynn sipped his grog.</p>
<p>—Doing any singing those times?</p>
<p>Look at his mouth. Could whistle in his own ear. Flap ears to match.
Music. Knows as much about it as my coachman. Still better tell him.
Does no harm. Free ad.</p>
<p>—She’s engaged for a big tour end of this month. You may have heard
perhaps.</p>
<p>—No. O, that’s the style. Who’s getting it up?</p>
<p>The curate served.</p>
<p>—How much is that?</p>
<p>—Seven d., sir... Thank you, sir.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom cut his sandwich into slender strips. <em>Mr
MacTrigger</em>. Easier than the dreamy creamy stuff. <em>His five
hundred wives. Had the time of their lives.</em></p>
<p>—Mustard, sir?</p>
<p>—Thank you.</p>
<p>He studded under each lifted strip yellow blobs. <em>Their
lives</em>. I have it. <em>It grew bigger and bigger and
bigger</em>.</p>
<p>—Getting it up? he said. Well, it’s like a company idea, you see.
Part shares and part profits.</p>
<p>—Ay, now I remember, Nosey Flynn said, putting his hand in his pocket
to scratch his groin. Who is this was telling me? Isn’t Blazes Boylan
mixed up in it?</p>
<p>A warm shock of air heat of mustard hanched on Mr Bloom’s heart. He
raised his eyes and met the stare of a bilious clock. Two. Pub clock
five minutes fast. Time going on. Hands moving. Two. Not yet.</p>
<p>His midriff yearned then upward, sank within him, yearned more
longly, longingly.</p>
<p>Wine.</p>
<p>He smellsipped the cordial juice and, bidding his throat strongly to
speed it, set his wineglass delicately down.</p>
<p>—Yes, he said. He’s the organiser in point of fact.</p>
<p>No fear: no brains.</p>
<p>Nosey Flynn snuffled and scratched. Flea having a good square
meal.</p>
<p>—He had a good slice of luck, Jack Mooney was telling me, over that
boxingmatch Myler Keogh won again that soldier in the Portobello
barracks. By God, he had the little kipper down in the county Carlow he
was telling me...</p>
<p>Hope that dewdrop doesn’t come down into his glass. No, snuffled it
up.</p>
<p>—For near a month, man, before it came off. Sucking duck eggs by God
till further orders. Keep him off the boose, see? O, by God, Blazes is a
hairy chap.</p>
<p>Davy Byrne came forward from the hindbar in tuckstitched
shirtsleeves, cleaning his lips with two wipes of his napkin. Herring’s
blush. Whose smile upon each feature plays with such and such replete.
Too much fat on the parsnips.</p>
<p>—And here’s himself and pepper on him, Nosey Flynn said. Can you give
us a good one for the Gold cup?</p>
<p>—I’m off that, Mr Flynn, Davy Byrne answered. I never put anything on
a horse.</p>
<p>—You’re right there, Nosey Flynn said.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom ate his strips of sandwich, fresh clean bread, with relish
of disgust pungent mustard, the feety savour of green cheese. Sips of
his wine soothed his palate. Not logwood that. Tastes fuller this
weather with the chill off.</p>
<p>Nice quiet bar. Nice piece of wood in that counter. Nicely planed.
Like the way it curves there.</p>
<p>—I wouldn’t do anything at all in that line, Davy Byrne said. It
ruined many a man, the same horses.</p>
<p>Vintners’ sweepstake. Licensed for the sale of beer, wine and spirits
for consumption on the premises. Heads I win tails you lose.</p>
<p>—True for you, Nosey Flynn said. Unless you’re in the know. There’s
no straight sport going now. Lenehan gets some good ones. He’s giving
Sceptre today. Zinfandel’s the favourite, Lord Howard de Walden’s, won
at Epsom. Morny Cannon is riding him. I could have got seven to one
against Saint Amant a fortnight before.</p>
<p>—That so? Davy Byrne said...</p>
<p>He went towards the window and, taking up the pettycash book, scanned
its pages.</p>
<p>—I could, faith, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling. That was a rare bit of
horseflesh. Saint Frusquin was her sire. She won in a thunderstorm,
Rothschild’s filly, with wadding in her ears. Blue jacket and yellow
cap. Bad luck to big Ben Dollard and his John O’Gaunt. He put me off it.
Ay.</p>
<p>He drank resignedly from his tumbler, running his fingers down the
flutes.</p>
<p>—Ay, he said, sighing.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, champing, standing, looked upon his sigh. Nosey numbskull.
Will I tell him that horse Lenehan? He knows already. Better let him
forget. Go and lose more. Fool and his money. Dewdrop coming down again.
Cold nose he’d have kissing a woman. Still they might like. Prickly
beards they like. Dogs’ cold noses. Old Mrs Riordan with the rumbling
stomach’s Skye terrier in the City Arms hotel. Molly fondling him in her
lap. O, the big doggybowwowsywowsy!</p>
<p>Wine soaked and softened rolled pith of bread mustard a moment
mawkish cheese. Nice wine it is. Taste it better because I’m not
thirsty. Bath of course does that. Just a bite or two. Then about six
o’clock I can. Six. Six. Time will be gone then. She...</p>
<p>Mild fire of wine kindled his veins. I wanted that badly. Felt so off
colour. His eyes unhungrily saw shelves of tins: sardines, gaudy
lobsters’ claws. All the odd things people pick up for food. Out of
shells, periwinkles with a pin, off trees, snails out of the ground the
French eat, out of the sea with bait on a hook. Silly fish learn nothing
in a thousand years. If you didn’t know risky putting anything into your
mouth. Poisonous berries. Johnny Magories. Roundness you think good.
Gaudy colour warns you off. One fellow told another and so on. Try it on
the dog first. Led on by the smell or the look. Tempting fruit. Ice
cones. Cream. Instinct. Orangegroves for instance. Need artificial
irrigation. Bleibtreustrasse. Yes but what about oysters. Unsightly like
a clot of phlegm. Filthy shells. Devil to open them too. Who found them
out? Garbage, sewage they feed on. Fizz and Red bank oysters. Effect on
the sexual. Aphrodis. He was in the Red Bank this morning. Was he
oysters old fish at table perhaps he young flesh in bed no June has no
ar no oysters. But there are people like things high. Tainted game.
Jugged hare. First catch your hare. Chinese eating eggs fifty years old,
blue and green again. Dinner of thirty courses. Each dish harmless might
mix inside. Idea for a poison mystery. That archduke Leopold was it no
yes or was it Otto one of those Habsburgs? Or who was it used to eat the
scruff off his own head? Cheapest lunch in town. Of course aristocrats,
then the others copy to be in the fashion. Milly too rock oil and flour.
Raw pastry I like myself. Half the catch of oysters they throw back in
the sea to keep up the price. Cheap no-one would buy. Caviare. Do the
grand. Hock in green glasses. Swell blowout. Lady this. Powdered bosom
pearls. The <em>élite. Crème de la crème</em>. They want special dishes
to pretend they’re. Hermit with a platter of pulse keep down the stings
of the flesh. Know me come eat with me. Royal sturgeon high sheriff,
Coffey, the butcher, right to venisons of the forest from his ex. Send
him back the half of a cow. Spread I saw down in the Master of the
Rolls’ kitchen area. Whitehatted <em>chef</em> like a rabbi. Combustible
duck. Curly cabbage <em>à la duchesse de Parme</em>. Just as well to
write it on the bill of fare so you can know what you’ve eaten. Too many
drugs spoil the broth. I know it myself. Dosing it with Edwards’
desiccated soup. Geese stuffed silly for them. Lobsters boiled alive. Do
ptake some ptarmigan. Wouldn’t mind being a waiter in a swell hotel.
Tips, evening dress, halfnaked ladies. May I tempt you to a little more
filleted lemon sole, miss Dubedat? Yes, do bedad. And she did bedad.
Huguenot name I expect that. A miss Dubedat lived in Killiney, I
remember. <em>Du de la</em> is French. Still it’s the same fish perhaps
old Micky Hanlon of Moore street ripped the guts out of making money
hand over fist finger in fishes’ gills can’t write his name on a cheque
think he was painting the landscape with his mouth twisted. Moooikill A
Aitcha Ha ignorant as a kish of brogues, worth fifty thousand
pounds.</p>
<p>Stuck on the pane two flies buzzed, stuck.</p>
<p>Glowing wine on his palate lingered swallowed. Crushing in the
winepress grapes of Burgundy. Sun’s heat it is. Seems to a secret touch
telling me memory. Touched his sense moistened remembered. Hidden under
wild ferns on Howth below us bay sleeping: sky. No sound. The sky. The
bay purple by the Lion’s head. Green by Drumleck. Yellowgreen towards
Sutton. Fields of undersea, the lines faint brown in grass, buried
cities. Pillowed on my coat she had her hair, earwigs in the heather
scrub my hand under her nape, you’ll toss me all. O wonder! Coolsoft
with ointments her hand touched me, caressed: her eyes upon me did not
turn away. Ravished over her I lay, full lips full open, kissed her
mouth. Yum. Softly she gave me in my mouth the seedcake warm and chewed.
Mawkish pulp her mouth had mumbled sweetsour of her spittle. Joy: I ate
it: joy. Young life, her lips that gave me pouting. Soft warm sticky
gumjelly lips. Flowers her eyes were, take me, willing eyes. Pebbles
fell. She lay still. A goat. No-one. High on Ben Howth rhododendrons a
nannygoat walking surefooted, dropping currants. Screened under ferns
she laughed warmfolded. Wildly I lay on her, kissed her: eyes, her lips,
her stretched neck beating, woman’s breasts full in her blouse of nun’s
veiling, fat nipples upright. Hot I tongued her. She kissed me. I was
kissed. All yielding she tossed my hair. Kissed, she kissed me.</p>
<p>Me. And me now.</p>
<p>Stuck, the flies buzzed.</p>
<p>His downcast eyes followed the silent veining of the oaken slab.
Beauty: it curves: curves are beauty. Shapely goddesses, Venus, Juno:
curves the world admires. Can see them library museum standing in the
round hall, naked goddesses. Aids to digestion. They don’t care what man
looks. All to see. Never speaking. I mean to say to fellows like Flynn.
Suppose she did Pygmalion and Galatea what would she say first? Mortal!
Put you in your proper place. Quaffing nectar at mess with gods golden
dishes, all ambrosial. Not like a tanner lunch we have, boiled mutton,
carrots and turnips, bottle of Allsop. Nectar imagine it drinking
electricity: gods’ food. Lovely forms of women sculped Junonian.
Immortal lovely. And we stuffing food in one hole and out behind: food,
chyle, blood, dung, earth, food: have to feed it like stoking an engine.
They have no. Never looked. I’ll look today. Keeper won’t see. Bend down
let something fall see if she.</p>
<p>Dribbling a quiet message from his bladder came to go to do not to do
there to do. A man and ready he drained his glass to the lees and
walked, to men too they gave themselves, manly conscious, lay with men
lovers, a youth enjoyed her, to the yard.</p>
<p>When the sound of his boots had ceased Davy Byrne said from his
book:</p>
<p>—What is this he is? Isn’t he in the insurance line?</p>
<p>—He’s out of that long ago, Nosey Flynn said. He does canvassing for
the <em>Freeman.</em></p>
<p>—I know him well to see, Davy Byrne said. Is he in trouble?</p>
<p>—Trouble? Nosey Flynn said. Not that I heard of. Why?</p>
<p>—I noticed he was in mourning.</p>
<p>—Was he? Nosey Flynn said. So he was, faith. I asked him how was all
at home. You’re right, by God. So he was.</p>
<p>—I never broach the subject, Davy Byrne said humanely, if I see a
gentleman is in trouble that way. It only brings it up fresh in their
minds.</p>
<p>—It’s not the wife anyhow, Nosey Flynn said. I met him the day before
yesterday and he coming out of that Irish farm dairy John Wyse Nolan’s
wife has in Henry street with a jar of cream in his hand taking it home
to his better half. She’s well nourished, I tell you. Plovers on
toast.</p>
<p>—And is he doing for the <em>Freeman?</em> Davy Byrne said.</p>
<p>Nosey Flynn pursed his lips.</p>
<p>—He doesn’t buy cream on the ads he picks up. You can make bacon of
that.</p>
<p>—How so? Davy Byrne asked, coming from his book.</p>
<p>Nosey Flynn made swift passes in the air with juggling fingers. He
winked.</p>
<p>—He’s in the craft, he said.</p>
<p>—Do you tell me so? Davy Byrne said.</p>
<p>—Very much so, Nosey Flynn said. Ancient free and accepted order.
He’s an excellent brother. Light, life and love, by God. They give him a
leg up. I was told that by a—well, I won’t say who.</p>
<p>—Is that a fact?</p>
<p>—O, it’s a fine order, Nosey Flynn said. They stick to you when
you’re down. I know a fellow was trying to get into it. But they’re as
close as damn it. By God they did right to keep the women out of it.</p>
<p>Davy Byrne smiledyawnednodded all in one:</p>
<p>—Iiiiiichaaaaaaach!</p>
<p>—There was one woman, Nosey Flynn said, hid herself in a clock to
find out what they do be doing. But be damned but they smelt her out and
swore her in on the spot a master mason. That was one of the saint
Legers of Doneraile.</p>
<p>Davy Byrne, sated after his yawn, said with tearwashed eyes:</p>
<p>—And is that a fact? Decent quiet man he is. I often saw him in here
and I never once saw him—you know, over the line.</p>
<p>—God Almighty couldn’t make him drunk, Nosey Flynn said firmly. Slips
off when the fun gets too hot. Didn’t you see him look at his watch? Ah,
you weren’t there. If you ask him to have a drink first thing he does he
outs with the watch to see what he ought to imbibe. Declare to God he
does.</p>
<p>—There are some like that, Davy Byrne said. He’s a safe man, I’d
say.</p>
<p>—He’s not too bad, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling it up. He’s been known
to put his hand down too to help a fellow. Give the devil his due. O,
Bloom has his good points. But there’s one thing he’ll never do.</p>
<p>His hand scrawled a dry pen signature beside his grog.</p>
<p>—I know, Davy Byrne said.</p>
<p>—Nothing in black and white, Nosey Flynn said.</p>
<p>Paddy Leonard and Bantam Lyons came in. Tom Rochford followed
frowning, a plaining hand on his claret waistcoat.</p>
<p>—Day, Mr Byrne.</p>
<p>—Day, gentlemen.</p>
<p>They paused at the counter.</p>
<p>—Who’s standing? Paddy Leonard asked.</p>
<p>—I’m sitting anyhow, Nosey Flynn answered.</p>
<p>—Well, what’ll it be? Paddy Leonard asked.</p>
<p>—I’ll take a stone ginger, Bantam Lyons said.</p>
<p>—How much? Paddy Leonard cried. Since when, for God’ sake? What’s
yours, Tom?</p>
<p>—How is the main drainage? Nosey Flynn asked, sipping.</p>
<p>For answer Tom Rochford pressed his hand to his breastbone and
hiccupped.</p>
<p>—Would I trouble you for a glass of fresh water, Mr Byrne? he
said.</p>
<p>—Certainly, sir.</p>
<p>Paddy Leonard eyed his alemates.</p>
<p>—Lord love a duck, he said. Look at what I’m standing drinks to! Cold
water and gingerpop! Two fellows that would suck whisky off a sore leg.
He has some bloody horse up his sleeve for the Gold cup. A dead
snip.</p>
<p>—Zinfandel is it? Nosey Flynn asked.</p>
<p>Tom Rochford spilt powder from a twisted paper into the water set
before him.</p>
<p>—That cursed dyspepsia, he said before drinking.</p>
<p>—Breadsoda is very good, Davy Byrne said.</p>
<p>Tom Rochford nodded and drank.</p>
<p>—Is it Zinfandel?</p>
<p>—Say nothing! Bantam Lyons winked. I’m going to plunge five bob on my
own.</p>
<p>—Tell us if you’re worth your salt and be damned to you, Paddy
Leonard said. Who gave it to you?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom on his way out raised three fingers in greeting.</p>
<p>—So long! Nosey Flynn said.</p>
<p>The others turned.</p>
<p>—That’s the man now that gave it to me, Bantam Lyons whispered.</p>
<p>—Prrwht! Paddy Leonard said with scorn. Mr Byrne, sir, we’ll take two
of your small Jamesons after that and a...</p>
<p>—Stone ginger, Davy Byrne added civilly.</p>
<p>—Ay, Paddy Leonard said. A suckingbottle for the baby.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom walked towards Dawson street, his tongue brushing his teeth
smooth. Something green it would have to be: spinach, say. Then with
those Röntgen rays searchlight you could.</p>
<p>At Duke lane a ravenous terrier choked up a sick knuckly cud on the
cobblestones and lapped it with new zest. Surfeit. Returned with thanks
having fully digested the contents. First sweet then savoury. Mr Bloom
coasted warily. Ruminants. His second course. Their upper jaw they move.
Wonder if Tom Rochford will do anything with that invention of his?
Wasting time explaining it to Flynn’s mouth. Lean people long mouths.
Ought to be a hall or a place where inventors could go in and invent
free. Course then you’d have all the cranks pestering.</p>
<p>He hummed, prolonging in solemn echo the closes of the bars:</p>
<p>Don Giovanni, a cenar teco<br />
M’invitasti.</p>
<p>Feel better. Burgundy. Good pick me up. Who distilled first? Some
chap in the blues. Dutch courage. That <em>Kilkenny People</em> in the
national library now I must.</p>
<p>Bare clean closestools waiting in the window of William Miller,
plumber, turned back his thoughts. They could: and watch it all the way
down, swallow a pin sometimes come out of the ribs years after, tour
round the body changing biliary duct spleen squirting liver gastric
juice coils of intestines like pipes. But the poor buffer would have to
stand all the time with his insides entrails on show. Science.</p>
<p>—<em>A cenar teco.</em></p>
<p>What does that <em>teco</em> mean? Tonight perhaps.</p>
<p>Don Giovanni, thou hast me invited<br />
To come to supper tonight,<br />
The rum the rumdum.</p>
<p>Doesn’t go properly.</p>
<p>Keyes: two months if I get Nannetti to. That’ll be two pounds ten
about two pounds eight. Three Hynes owes me. Two eleven. Prescott’s
dyeworks van over there. If I get Billy Prescott’s ad: two fifteen. Five
guineas about. On the pig’s back.</p>
<p>Could buy one of those silk petticoats for Molly, colour of her new
garters.</p>
<p>Today. Today. Not think.</p>
<p>Tour the south then. What about English wateringplaces? Brighton,
Margate. Piers by moonlight. Her voice floating out. Those lovely
seaside girls. Against John Long’s a drowsing loafer lounged in heavy
thought, gnawing a crusted knuckle. Handy man wants job. Small wages.
Will eat anything.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom turned at Gray’s confectioner’s window of unbought tarts and
passed the reverend Thomas Connellan’s bookstore. <em>Why I left the
church of Rome? Birds’ Nest.</em> Women run him. They say they used to
give pauper children soup to change to protestants in the time of the
potato blight. Society over the way papa went to for the conversion of
poor jews. Same bait. Why we left the church of Rome.</p>
<p>A blind stripling stood tapping the curbstone with his slender cane.
No tram in sight. Wants to cross.</p>
<p>—Do you want to cross? Mr Bloom asked.</p>
<p>The blind stripling did not answer. His wallface frowned weakly. He
moved his head uncertainly.</p>
<p>—You’re in Dawson street, Mr Bloom said. Molesworth street is
opposite. Do you want to cross? There’s nothing in the way.</p>
<p>The cane moved out trembling to the left. Mr Bloom’s eye followed its
line and saw again the dyeworks’ van drawn up before Drago’s. Where I
saw his brillantined hair just when I was. Horse drooping. Driver in
John Long’s. Slaking his drouth.</p>
<p>—There’s a van there, Mr Bloom said, but it’s not moving. I’ll see
you across. Do you want to go to Molesworth street?</p>
<p>—Yes, the stripling answered. South Frederick street.</p>
<p>—Come, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>He touched the thin elbow gently: then took the limp seeing hand to
guide it forward.</p>
<p>Say something to him. Better not do the condescending. They mistrust
what you tell them. Pass a common remark.</p>
<p>—The rain kept off.</p>
<p>No answer.</p>
<p>Stains on his coat. Slobbers his food, I suppose. Tastes all
different for him. Have to be spoonfed first. Like a child’s hand, his
hand. Like Milly’s was. Sensitive. Sizing me up I daresay from my hand.
Wonder if he has a name. Van. Keep his cane clear of the horse’s legs:
tired drudge get his doze. That’s right. Clear. Behind a bull: in front
of a horse.</p>
<p>—Thanks, sir.</p>
<p>Knows I’m a man. Voice.</p>
<p>—Right now? First turn to the left.</p>
<p>The blind stripling tapped the curbstone and went on his way, drawing
his cane back, feeling again.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom walked behind the eyeless feet, a flatcut suit of
herringbone tweed. Poor young fellow! How on earth did he know that van
was there? Must have felt it. See things in their forehead perhaps: kind
of sense of volume. Weight or size of it, something blacker than the
dark. Wonder would he feel it if something was removed. Feel a gap.
Queer idea of Dublin he must have, tapping his way round by the stones.
Could he walk in a beeline if he hadn’t that cane? Bloodless pious face
like a fellow going in to be a priest.</p>
<p>Penrose! That was that chap’s name.</p>
<p>Look at all the things they can learn to do. Read with their fingers.
Tune pianos. Or we are surprised they have any brains. Why we think a
deformed person or a hunchback clever if he says something we might say.
Of course the other senses are more. Embroider. Plait baskets. People
ought to help. Workbasket I could buy for Molly’s birthday. Hates
sewing. Might take an objection. Dark men they call them.</p>
<p>Sense of smell must be stronger too. Smells on all sides, bunched
together. Each street different smell. Each person too. Then the spring,
the summer: smells. Tastes? They say you can’t taste wines with your
eyes shut or a cold in the head. Also smoke in the dark they say get no
pleasure.</p>
<p>And with a woman, for instance. More shameless not seeing. That girl
passing the Stewart institution, head in the air. Look at me. I have
them all on. Must be strange not to see her. Kind of a form in his
mind’s eye. The voice, temperatures: when he touches her with his
fingers must almost see the lines, the curves. His hands on her hair,
for instance. Say it was black, for instance. Good. We call it black.
Then passing over her white skin. Different feel perhaps. Feeling of
white.</p>
<p>Postoffice. Must answer. Fag today. Send her a postal order two
shillings, half a crown. Accept my little present. Stationer’s just here
too. Wait. Think over it.</p>
<p>With a gentle finger he felt ever so slowly the hair combed back
above his ears. Again. Fibres of fine fine straw. Then gently his finger
felt the skin of his right cheek. Downy hair there too. Not smooth
enough. The belly is the smoothest. No-one about. There he goes into
Frederick street. Perhaps to Levenston’s dancing academy piano. Might be
settling my braces.</p>
<p>Walking by Doran’s publichouse he slid his hand between his waistcoat
and trousers and, pulling aside his shirt gently, felt a slack fold of
his belly. But I know it’s whitey yellow. Want to try in the dark to
see.</p>
<p>He withdrew his hand and pulled his dress to.</p>
<p>Poor fellow! Quite a boy. Terrible. Really terrible. What dreams
would he have, not seeing? Life a dream for him. Where is the justice
being born that way? All those women and children excursion beanfeast
burned and drowned in New York. Holocaust. Karma they call that
transmigration for sins you did in a past life the reincarnation met him
pike hoses. Dear, dear, dear. Pity, of course: but somehow you can’t
cotton on to them someway.</p>
<p>Sir Frederick Falkiner going into the freemasons’ hall. Solemn as
Troy. After his good lunch in Earlsfort terrace. Old legal cronies
cracking a magnum. Tales of the bench and assizes and annals of the
bluecoat school. I sentenced him to ten years. I suppose he’d turn up
his nose at that stuff I drank. Vintage wine for them, the year marked
on a dusty bottle. Has his own ideas of justice in the recorder’s court.
Wellmeaning old man. Police chargesheets crammed with cases get their
percentage manufacturing crime. Sends them to the rightabout. The devil
on moneylenders. Gave Reuben J a great strawcalling. Now he’s really
what they call a dirty jew. Power those judges have. Crusty old topers
in wigs. Bear with a sore paw. And may the Lord have mercy on your
soul.</p>
<p>Hello, placard. Mirus bazaar. His Excellency the lord lieutenant.
Sixteenth. Today it is. In aid of funds for Mercer’s hospital. <em>The
Messiah</em> was first given for that. Yes. Handel. What about going out
there: Ballsbridge. Drop in on Keyes. No use sticking to him like a
leech. Wear out my welcome. Sure to know someone on the gate.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom came to Kildare street. First I must. Library.</p>
<p>Straw hat in sunlight. Tan shoes. Turnedup trousers. It is. It
is.</p>
<p>His heart quopped softly. To the right. Museum. Goddesses. He swerved
to the right.</p>
<p>Is it? Almost certain. Won’t look. Wine in my face. Why did I? Too
heady. Yes, it is. The walk. Not see. Get on.</p>
<p>Making for the museum gate with long windy steps he lifted his eyes.
Handsome building. Sir Thomas Deane designed. Not following me?</p>
<p>Didn’t see me perhaps. Light in his eyes.</p>
<p>The flutter of his breath came forth in short sighs. Quick. Cold
statues: quiet there. Safe in a minute.</p>
<p>No. Didn’t see me. After two. Just at the gate.</p>
<p>My heart!</p>
<p>His eyes beating looked steadfastly at cream curves of stone. Sir
Thomas Deane was the Greek architecture.</p>
<p>Look for something I.</p>
<p>His hasty hand went quick into a pocket, took out, read unfolded
Agendath Netaim. Where did I?</p>
<p>Busy looking.</p>
<p>He thrust back quick Agendath.</p>
<p>Afternoon she said.</p>
<p>I am looking for that. Yes, that. Try all pockets. Handker.
<em>Freeman.</em> Where did I? Ah, yes. Trousers. Potato. Purse.
Where?</p>
<p>Hurry. Walk quietly. Moment more. My heart.</p>
<p>His hand looking for the where did I put found in his hip pocket soap
lotion have to call tepid paper stuck. Ah soap there I yes. Gate.</p>
<p>Safe!</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_pgepubid00075"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_chap09"></span>[ 9
]</h3>
<p>Urbane, to comfort them, the quaker librarian purred:</p>
<p>—And we have, have we not, those priceless pages of <em>Wilhelm
Meister</em>. A great poet on a great brother poet. A hesitating soul
taking arms against a sea of troubles, torn by conflicting doubts, as
one sees in real life.</p>
<p>He came a step a sinkapace forward on neatsleather creaking and a
step backward a sinkapace on the solemn floor.</p>
<p>A noiseless attendant setting open the door but slightly made him a
noiseless beck.</p>
<p>—Directly, said he, creaking to go, albeit lingering. The beautiful
ineffectual dreamer who comes to grief against hard facts. One always
feels that Goethe’s judgments are so true. True in the larger
analysis.</p>
<p>Twicreakingly analysis he corantoed off. Bald, most zealous by the
door he gave his large ear all to the attendant’s words: heard them: and
was gone.</p>
<p>Two left.</p>
<p>—Monsieur de la Palice, Stephen sneered, was alive fifteen minutes
before his death.</p>
<p>—Have you found those six brave medicals, John Eglinton asked with
elder’s gall, to write <em>Paradise Lost</em> at your dictation? <em>The
Sorrows of Satan</em> he calls it.</p>
<p>Smile. Smile Cranly’s smile.</p>
<p>First he tickled her<br />
Then he patted her<br />
Then he passed the female catheter<br />
For he was a medical<br />
Jolly old medi...</p>
<p>—I feel you would need one more for <em>Hamlet.</em> Seven is dear to
the mystic mind. The shining seven W.B. calls them.</p>
<p>Glittereyed his rufous skull close to his greencapped desklamp sought
the face bearded amid darkgreener shadow, an ollav, holyeyed. He laughed
low: a sizar’s laugh of Trinity: unanswered.</p>
<p>Orchestral Satan, weeping many a rood<br />
Tears such as angels weep.<br />
Ed egli avea del cul fatto trombetta.</p>
<p>He holds my follies hostage.</p>
<p>Cranly’s eleven true Wicklowmen to free their sireland. Gaptoothed
Kathleen, her four beautiful green fields, the stranger in her house.
And one more to hail him: <em>ave, rabbi</em>: the Tinahely twelve. In
the shadow of the glen he cooees for them. My soul’s youth I gave him,
night by night. God speed. Good hunting.</p>
<p>Mulligan has my telegram.</p>
<p>Folly. Persist.</p>
<p>—Our young Irish bards, John Eglinton censured, have yet to create a
figure which the world will set beside Saxon Shakespeare’s Hamlet though
I admire him, as old Ben did, on this side idolatry.</p>
<p>—All these questions are purely academic, Russell oracled out of his
shadow. I mean, whether Hamlet is Shakespeare or James I or Essex.
Clergymen’s discussions of the historicity of Jesus. Art has to reveal
to us ideas, formless spiritual essences. The supreme question about a
work of art is out of how deep a life does it spring. The painting of
Gustave Moreau is the painting of ideas. The deepest poetry of Shelley,
the words of Hamlet bring our minds into contact with the eternal
wisdom, Plato’s world of ideas. All the rest is the speculation of
schoolboys for schoolboys.</p>
<p>A. E. has been telling some yankee interviewer. Wall, tarnation
strike me!</p>
<p>—The schoolmen were schoolboys first, Stephen said superpolitely.
Aristotle was once Plato’s schoolboy.</p>
<p>—And has remained so, one should hope, John Eglinton sedately said.
One can see him, a model schoolboy with his diploma under his arm.</p>
<p>He laughed again at the now smiling bearded face.</p>
<p>Formless spiritual. Father, Word and Holy Breath. Allfather, the
heavenly man. Hiesos Kristos, magician of the beautiful, the Logos who
suffers in us at every moment. This verily is that. I am the fire upon
the altar. I am the sacrificial butter.</p>
<p>Dunlop, Judge, the noblest Roman of them all, A.E., Arval, the Name
Ineffable, in heaven hight: K.H., their master, whose identity is no
secret to adepts. Brothers of the great white lodge always watching to
see if they can help. The Christ with the bridesister, moisture of
light, born of an ensouled virgin, repentant sophia, departed to the
plane of buddhi. The life esoteric is not for ordinary person. O.P. must
work off bad karma first. Mrs Cooper Oakley once glimpsed our very
illustrious sister H.P.B.’s elemental.</p>
<p>O, fie! Out on’t! <em>Pfuiteufel!</em> You naughtn’t to look, missus,
so you naughtn’t when a lady’s ashowing of her elemental.</p>
<p>Mr Best entered, tall, young, mild, light. He bore in his hand with
grace a notebook, new, large, clean, bright.</p>
<p>—That model schoolboy, Stephen said, would find Hamlet’s musings
about the afterlife of his princely soul, the improbable, insignificant
and undramatic monologue, as shallow as Plato’s.</p>
<p>John Eglinton, frowning, said, waxing wroth:</p>
<p>—Upon my word it makes my blood boil to hear anyone compare Aristotle
with Plato.</p>
<p>—Which of the two, Stephen asked, would have banished me from his
commonwealth?</p>
<p>Unsheathe your dagger definitions. Horseness is the whatness of
allhorse. Streams of tendency and eons they worship. God: noise in the
street: very peripatetic. Space: what you damn well have to see. Through
spaces smaller than red globules of man’s blood they creepycrawl after
Blake’s buttocks into eternity of which this vegetable world is but a
shadow. Hold to the now, the here, through which all future plunges to
the past.</p>
<p>Mr Best came forward, amiable, towards his colleague.</p>
<p>—Haines is gone, he said.</p>
<p>—Is he?</p>
<p>—I was showing him Jubainville’s book. He’s quite enthusiastic, don’t
you know, about Hyde’s <em>Lovesongs of Connacht.</em> I couldn’t bring
him in to hear the discussion. He’s gone to Gill’s to buy it.</p>
<p>Bound thee forth, my booklet, quick<br />
To greet the callous public.<br />
Writ, I ween, ’twas not my wish<br />
In lean unlovely English.</p>
<p>—The peatsmoke is going to his head, John Eglinton opined.</p>
<p>We feel in England. Penitent thief. Gone. I smoked his baccy. Green
twinkling stone. An emerald set in the ring of the sea.</p>
<p>—People do not know how dangerous lovesongs can be, the auric egg of
Russell warned occultly. The movements which work revolutions in the
world are born out of the dreams and visions in a peasant’s heart on the
hillside. For them the earth is not an exploitable ground but the living
mother. The rarefied air of the academy and the arena produce the
sixshilling novel, the musichall song. France produces the finest flower
of corruption in Mallarmé but the desirable life is revealed only to the
poor of heart, the life of Homer’s Phæacians.</p>
<p>From these words Mr Best turned an unoffending face to Stephen.</p>
<p>—Mallarmé, don’t you know, he said, has written those wonderful prose
poems Stephen MacKenna used to read to me in Paris. The one about
<em>Hamlet.</em> He says: <em>il se promène, lisant au livre de
lui-même</em>, don’t you know, <em>reading the book of himself</em>. He
describes <em>Hamlet</em> given in a French town, don’t you know, a
provincial town. They advertised it.</p>
<p>His free hand graciously wrote tiny signs in air.</p>
<p><em>Hamlet<br />
ou<br />
Le Distrait<br />
Pièce de Shakespeare</em></p>
<p>He repeated to John Eglinton’s newgathered frown:</p>
<p>—<em>Pièce de Shakespeare</em>, don’t you know. It’s so French. The
French point of view. <em>Hamlet ou</em>...</p>
<p>—The absentminded beggar, Stephen ended.</p>
<p>John Eglinton laughed.</p>
<p>—Yes, I suppose it would be, he said. Excellent people, no doubt, but
distressingly shortsighted in some matters.</p>
<p>Sumptuous and stagnant exaggeration of murder.</p>
<p>—A deathsman of the soul Robert Greene called him, Stephen said. Not
for nothing was he a butcher’s son, wielding the sledded poleaxe and
spitting in his palms. Nine lives are taken off for his father’s one.
Our Father who art in purgatory. Khaki Hamlets don’t hesitate to shoot.
The bloodboltered shambles in act five is a forecast of the
concentration camp sung by Mr Swinburne.</p>
<p>Cranly, I his mute orderly, following battles from afar.</p>
<p>Whelps and dams of murderous foes whom none<br />
But we had spared...</p>
<p>Between the Saxon smile and yankee yawp. The devil and the deep
sea.</p>
<p>—He will have it that <em>Hamlet</em> is a ghoststory, John Eglinton
said for Mr Best’s behoof. Like the fat boy in Pickwick he wants to make
our flesh creep.</p>
<p>List! List! O List!</p>
<p>My flesh hears him: creeping, hears.</p>
<p>If thou didst ever...</p>
<p>—What is a ghost? Stephen said with tingling energy. One who has
faded into impalpability through death, through absence, through change
of manners. Elizabethan London lay as far from Stratford as corrupt
Paris lies from virgin Dublin. Who is the ghost from <em>limbo
patrum</em>, returning to the world that has forgotten him? Who is King
Hamlet?</p>
<p>John Eglinton shifted his spare body, leaning back to judge.</p>
<p>Lifted.</p>
<p>—It is this hour of a day in mid June, Stephen said, begging with a
swift glance their hearing. The flag is up on the playhouse by the
bankside. The bear Sackerson growls in the pit near it, Paris garden.
Canvasclimbers who sailed with Drake chew their sausages among the
groundlings.</p>
<p>Local colour. Work in all you know. Make them accomplices.</p>
<p>—Shakespeare has left the huguenot’s house in Silver street and walks
by the swanmews along the riverbank. But he does not stay to feed the
pen chivying her game of cygnets towards the rushes. The swan of Avon
has other thoughts.</p>
<p>Composition of place. Ignatius Loyola, make haste to help me!</p>
<p>—The play begins. A player comes on under the shadow, made up in the
castoff mail of a court buck, a wellset man with a bass voice. It is the
ghost, the king, a king and no king, and the player is Shakespeare who
has studied <em>Hamlet</em> all the years of his life which were not
vanity in order to play the part of the spectre. He speaks the words to
Burbage, the young player who stands before him beyond the rack of
cerecloth, calling him by a name:</p>
<p>Hamlet, I am thy father’s spirit,</p>
<p>bidding him list. To a son he speaks, the son of his soul, the
prince, young Hamlet and to the son of his body, Hamnet Shakespeare, who
has died in Stratford that his namesake may live for ever.</p>
<p>Is it possible that that player Shakespeare, a ghost by absence, and
in the vesture of buried Denmark, a ghost by death, speaking his own
words to his own son’s name (had Hamnet Shakespeare lived he would have
been prince Hamlet’s twin), is it possible, I want to know, or probable
that he did not draw or foresee the logical conclusion of those
premises: you are the dispossessed son: I am the murdered father: your
mother is the guilty queen, Ann Shakespeare, born Hathaway?</p>
<p>—But this prying into the family life of a great man, Russell began
impatiently.</p>
<p>Art thou there, truepenny?</p>
<p>—Interesting only to the parish clerk. I mean, we have the plays. I
mean when we read the poetry of <em>King Lear</em> what is it to us how
the poet lived? As for living our servants can do that for us, Villiers
de l’Isle has said. Peeping and prying into greenroom gossip of the day,
the poet’s drinking, the poet’s debts. We have <em>King Lear</em>: and
it is immortal.</p>
<p>Mr Best’s face, appealed to, agreed.</p>
<p>Flow over them with your waves and with your waters,<br />
Mananaan, Mananaan MacLir...</p>
<p>How now, sirrah, that pound he lent you when you were hungry?</p>
<p>Marry, I wanted it.</p>
<p>Take thou this noble.</p>
<p>Go to! You spent most of it in Georgina Johnson’s bed, clergyman’s
daughter. Agenbite of inwit.</p>
<p>Do you intend to pay it back?</p>
<p>O, yes.</p>
<p>When? Now?</p>
<p>Well... No.</p>
<p>When, then?</p>
<p>I paid my way. I paid my way.</p>
<p>Steady on. He’s from beyant Boyne water. The northeast corner. You
owe it.</p>
<p>Wait. Five months. Molecules all change. I am other I now. Other I
got pound.</p>
<p>Buzz. Buzz.</p>
<p>But I, entelechy, form of forms, am I by memory because under
everchanging forms.</p>
<p>I that sinned and prayed and fasted.</p>
<p>A child Conmee saved from pandies.</p>
<p>I, I and I. I.</p>
<p>A.E.I.O.U.</p>
<p>—Do you mean to fly in the face of the tradition of three centuries?
John Eglinton’s carping voice asked. Her ghost at least has been laid
for ever. She died, for literature at least, before she was born.</p>
<p>—She died, Stephen retorted, sixtyseven years after she was born. She
saw him into and out of the world. She took his first embraces. She bore
his children and she laid pennies on his eyes to keep his eyelids closed
when he lay on his deathbed.</p>
<p>Mother’s deathbed. Candle. The sheeted mirror. Who brought me into
this world lies there, bronzelidded, under few cheap flowers.
<em>Liliata rutilantium.</em></p>
<p>I wept alone.</p>
<p>John Eglinton looked in the tangled glowworm of his lamp.</p>
<p>—The world believes that Shakespeare made a mistake, he said, and got
out of it as quickly and as best he could.</p>
<p>—Bosh! Stephen said rudely. A man of genius makes no mistakes. His
errors are volitional and are the portals of discovery.</p>
<p>Portals of discovery opened to let in the quaker librarian,
softcreakfooted, bald, eared and assiduous.</p>
<p>—A shrew, John Eglinton said shrewdly, is not a useful portal of
discovery, one should imagine. What useful discovery did Socrates learn
from Xanthippe?</p>
<p>—Dialectic, Stephen answered: and from his mother how to bring
thoughts into the world. What he learnt from his other wife Myrto
(<em>absit nomen!</em>), Socratididion’s Epipsychidion, no man, not a
woman, will ever know. But neither the midwife’s lore nor the
caudlelectures saved him from the archons of Sinn Fein and their naggin
of hemlock.</p>
<p>—But Ann Hathaway? Mr Best’s quiet voice said forgetfully. Yes, we
seem to be forgetting her as Shakespeare himself forgot her.</p>
<p>His look went from brooder’s beard to carper’s skull, to remind, to
chide them not unkindly, then to the baldpink lollard costard, guiltless
though maligned.</p>
<p>—He had a good groatsworth of wit, Stephen said, and no truant
memory. He carried a memory in his wallet as he trudged to Romeville
whistling <em>The girl I left behind me.</em> If the earthquake did not
time it we should know where to place poor Wat, sitting in his form, the
cry of hounds, the studded bridle and her blue windows. That memory,
<em>Venus and Adonis</em>, lay in the bedchamber of every light-of-love
in London. Is Katharine the shrew illfavoured? Hortensio calls her young
and beautiful. Do you think the writer of <em>Antony and Cleopatra</em>,
a passionate pilgrim, had his eyes in the back of his head that he chose
the ugliest doxy in all Warwickshire to lie withal? Good: he left her
and gained the world of men. But his boywomen are the women of a boy.
Their life, thought, speech are lent them by males. He chose badly? He
was chosen, it seems to me. If others have their will Ann hath a way. By
cock, she was to blame. She put the comether on him, sweet and
twentysix. The greyeyed goddess who bends over the boy Adonis, stooping
to conquer, as prologue to the swelling act, is a boldfaced Stratford
wench who tumbles in a cornfield a lover younger than herself.</p>
<p>And my turn? When?</p>
<p>Come!</p>
<p>—Ryefield, Mr Best said brightly, gladly, raising his new book,
gladly, brightly.</p>
<p>He murmured then with blond delight for all:</p>
<p>Between the acres of the rye<br />
These pretty countryfolk would lie.</p>
<p>Paris: the wellpleased pleaser.</p>
<p>A tall figure in bearded homespun rose from shadow and unveiled its
cooperative watch.</p>
<p>—I am afraid I am due at the <em>Homestead.</em></p>
<p>Whither away? Exploitable ground.</p>
<p>—Are you going? John Eglinton’s active eyebrows asked. Shall we see
you at Moore’s tonight? Piper is coming.</p>
<p>—Piper! Mr Best piped. Is Piper back?</p>
<p>Peter Piper pecked a peck of pick of peck of pickled pepper.</p>
<p>—I don’t know if I can. Thursday. We have our meeting. If I can get
away in time.</p>
<p>Yogibogeybox in Dawson chambers. <em>Isis Unveiled.</em> Their Pali
book we tried to pawn. Crosslegged under an umbrel umbershoot he thrones
an Aztec logos, functioning on astral levels, their oversoul,
mahamahatma. The faithful hermetists await the light, ripe for
chelaship, ringroundabout him. Louis H. Victory. T. Caulfield Irwin.
Lotus ladies tend them i’the eyes, their pineal glands aglow. Filled
with his god, he thrones, Buddh under plantain. Gulfer of souls,
engulfer. Hesouls, shesouls, shoals of souls. Engulfed with wailing
creecries, whirled, whirling, they bewail.</p>
<p>In quintessential triviality<br />
For years in this fleshcase a shesoul dwelt.</p>
<p>—They say we are to have a literary surprise, the quaker librarian
said, friendly and earnest. Mr Russell, rumour has it, is gathering
together a sheaf of our younger poets’ verses. We are all looking
forward anxiously.</p>
<p>Anxiously he glanced in the cone of lamplight where three faces,
lighted, shone.</p>
<p>See this. Remember.</p>
<p>Stephen looked down on a wide headless caubeen, hung on his
ashplanthandle over his knee. My casque and sword. Touch lightly with
two index fingers. Aristotle’s experiment. One or two? Necessity is that
in virtue of which it is impossible that one can be otherwise. Argal,
one hat is one hat.</p>
<p>Listen.</p>
<p>Young Colum and Starkey. George Roberts is doing the commercial part.
Longworth will give it a good puff in the <em>Express.</em> O, will he?
I liked Colum’s <em>Drover.</em> Yes, I think he has that queer thing
genius. Do you think he has genius really? Yeats admired his line:
<em>As in wild earth a Grecian vase</em>. Did he? I hope you’ll be able
to come tonight. Malachi Mulligan is coming too. Moore asked him to
bring Haines. Did you hear Miss Mitchell’s joke about Moore and Martyn?
That Moore is Martyn’s wild oats? Awfully clever, isn’t it? They remind
one of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. Our national epic has yet to be
written, Dr Sigerson says. Moore is the man for it. A knight of the
rueful countenance here in Dublin. With a saffron kilt? O’Neill Russell?
O, yes, he must speak the grand old tongue. And his Dulcinea? James
Stephens is doing some clever sketches. We are becoming important, it
seems.</p>
<p>Cordelia. <em>Cordoglio.</em> Lir’s loneliest daughter.</p>
<p>Nookshotten. Now your best French polish.</p>
<p>—Thank you very much, Mr Russell, Stephen said, rising. If you will
be so kind as to give the letter to Mr Norman...</p>
<p>—O, yes. If he considers it important it will go in. We have so much
correspondence.</p>
<p>—I understand, Stephen said. Thanks.</p>
<p>God ild you. The pigs’ paper. Bullockbefriending.</p>
<p>Synge has promised me an article for <em>Dana</em> too. Are we going
to be read? I feel we are. The Gaelic league wants something in Irish. I
hope you will come round tonight. Bring Starkey.</p>
<p>Stephen sat down.</p>
<p>The quaker librarian came from the leavetakers. Blushing, his mask
said:</p>
<p>—Mr Dedalus, your views are most illuminating.</p>
<p>He creaked to and fro, tiptoing up nearer heaven by the altitude of a
chopine, and, covered by the noise of outgoing, said low:</p>
<p>—Is it your view, then, that she was not faithful to the poet?</p>
<p>Alarmed face asks me. Why did he come? Courtesy or an inward
light?</p>
<p>—Where there is a reconciliation, Stephen said, there must have been
first a sundering.</p>
<p>—Yes.</p>
<p>Christfox in leather trews, hiding, a runaway in blighted treeforks,
from hue and cry. Knowing no vixen, walking lonely in the chase. Women
he won to him, tender people, a whore of Babylon, ladies of justices,
bully tapsters’ wives. Fox and geese. And in New Place a slack
dishonoured body that once was comely, once as sweet, as fresh as
cinnamon, now her leaves falling, all, bare, frighted of the narrow
grave and unforgiven.</p>
<p>—Yes. So you think...</p>
<p>The door closed behind the outgoer.</p>
<p>Rest suddenly possessed the discreet vaulted cell, rest of warm and
brooding air.</p>
<p>A vestal’s lamp.</p>
<p>Here he ponders things that were not: what Cæsar would have lived to
do had he believed the soothsayer: what might have been: possibilities
of the possible as possible: things not known: what name Achilles bore
when he lived among women.</p>
<p>Coffined thoughts around me, in mummycases, embalmed in spice of
words. Thoth, god of libraries, a birdgod, moonycrowned. And I heard the
voice of that Egyptian highpriest. <em>In painted chambers loaded with
tilebooks.</em></p>
<p>They are still. Once quick in the brains of men. Still: but an itch
of death is in them, to tell me in my ear a maudlin tale, urge me to
wreak their will.</p>
<p>—Certainly, John Eglinton mused, of all great men he is the most
enigmatic. We know nothing but that he lived and suffered. Not even so
much. Others abide our question. A shadow hangs over all the rest.</p>
<p>—But <em>Hamlet</em> is so personal, isn’t it? Mr Best pleaded. I
mean, a kind of private paper, don’t you know, of his private life. I
mean, I don’t care a button, don’t you know, who is killed or who is
guilty...</p>
<p>He rested an innocent book on the edge of the desk, smiling his
defiance. His private papers in the original. <em>Ta an bad ar an tir.
Taim in mo shagart</em>. Put beurla on it, littlejohn.</p>
<p>Quoth littlejohn Eglinton:</p>
<p>—I was prepared for paradoxes from what Malachi Mulligan told us but
I may as well warn you that if you want to shake my belief that
Shakespeare is Hamlet you have a stern task before you.</p>
<p>Bear with me.</p>
<p>Stephen withstood the bane of miscreant eyes glinting stern under
wrinkled brows. A basilisk. <em>E quando vede l’uomo l’attosca</em>.
Messer Brunetto, I thank thee for the word.</p>
<p>—As we, or mother Dana, weave and unweave our bodies, Stephen said,
from day to day, their molecules shuttled to and fro, so does the artist
weave and unweave his image. And as the mole on my right breast is where
it was when I was born, though all my body has been woven of new stuff
time after time, so through the ghost of the unquiet father the image of
the unliving son looks forth. In the intense instant of imagination,
when the mind, Shelley says, is a fading coal, that which I was is that
which I am and that which in possibility I may come to be. So in the
future, the sister of the past, I may see myself as I sit here now but
by reflection from that which then I shall be.</p>
<p>Drummond of Hawthornden helped you at that stile.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Best said youngly. I feel Hamlet quite young. The bitterness
might be from the father but the passages with Ophelia are surely from
the son.</p>
<p>Has the wrong sow by the lug. He is in my father. I am in his
son.</p>
<p>—That mole is the last to go, Stephen said, laughing.</p>
<p>John Eglinton made a nothing pleasing mow.</p>
<p>—If that were the birthmark of genius, he said, genius would be a
drug in the market. The plays of Shakespeare’s later years which Renan
admired so much breathe another spirit.</p>
<p>—The spirit of reconciliation, the quaker librarian breathed.</p>
<p>—There can be no reconciliation, Stephen said, if there has not been
a sundering.</p>
<p>Said that.</p>
<p>—If you want to know what are the events which cast their shadow over
the hell of time of <em>King Lear, Othello, Hamlet, Troilus and
Cressida,</em> look to see when and how the shadow lifts. What softens
the heart of a man, shipwrecked in storms dire, Tried, like another
Ulysses, Pericles, prince of Tyre?</p>
<p>Head, redconecapped, buffeted, brineblinded.</p>
<p>—A child, a girl, placed in his arms, Marina.</p>
<p>—The leaning of sophists towards the bypaths of apocrypha is a
constant quantity, John Eglinton detected. The highroads are dreary but
they lead to the town.</p>
<p>Good Bacon: gone musty. Shakespeare Bacon’s wild oats. Cypherjugglers
going the highroads. Seekers on the great quest. What town, good
masters? Mummed in names: A. E., eon: Magee, John Eglinton. East of the
sun, west of the moon: <em>Tir na n-og</em>. Booted the twain and
staved.</p>
<p>How many miles to Dublin?<br />
Three score and ten, sir.<br />
Will we be there by candlelight?</p>
<p>—Mr Brandes accepts it, Stephen said, as the first play of the
closing period.</p>
<p>—Does he? What does Mr Sidney Lee, or Mr Simon Lazarus as some aver
his name is, say of it?</p>
<p>—Marina, Stephen said, a child of storm, Miranda, a wonder, Perdita,
that which was lost. What was lost is given back to him: his daughter’s
child. <em>My dearest wife</em>, Pericles says, <em>was like this
maid.</em> Will any man love the daughter if he has not loved the
mother?</p>
<p>—The art of being a grandfather, Mr Best gan murmur. <em>L’art d’être
grand</em>...</p>
<p>—Will he not see reborn in her, with the memory of his own youth
added, another image?</p>
<p>Do you know what you are talking about? Love, yes. Word known to all
men. <em>Amor vero aliquid alicui bonum vult unde et ea quae
concupiscimus ...</em></p>
<p>—His own image to a man with that queer thing genius is the standard
of all experience, material and moral. Such an appeal will touch him.
The images of other males of his blood will repel him. He will see in
them grotesque attempts of nature to foretell or to repeat himself.</p>
<p>The benign forehead of the quaker librarian enkindled rosily with
hope.</p>
<p>—I hope Mr Dedalus will work out his theory for the enlightenment of
the public. And we ought to mention another Irish commentator, Mr George
Bernard Shaw. Nor should we forget Mr Frank Harris. His articles on
Shakespeare in the <em>Saturday Review</em> were surely brilliant. Oddly
enough he too draws for us an unhappy relation with the dark lady of the
sonnets. The favoured rival is William Herbert, earl of Pembroke. I own
that if the poet must be rejected such a rejection would seem more in
harmony with—what shall I say?—our notions of what ought not to have
been.</p>
<p>Felicitously he ceased and held a meek head among them, auk’s egg,
prize of their fray.</p>
<p>He thous and thees her with grave husbandwords. Dost love, Miriam?
Dost love thy man?</p>
<p>—That may be too, Stephen said. There’s a saying of Goethe’s which Mr
Magee likes to quote. Beware of what you wish for in youth because you
will get it in middle life. Why does he send to one who is a
<em>buonaroba,</em> a bay where all men ride, a maid of honour with a
scandalous girlhood, a lordling to woo for him? He was himself a lord of
language and had made himself a coistrel gentleman and he had written
<em>Romeo and Juliet</em>. Why? Belief in himself has been untimely
killed. He was overborne in a cornfield first (ryefield, I should say)
and he will never be a victor in his own eyes after nor play
victoriously the game of laugh and lie down. Assumed dongiovannism will
not save him. No later undoing will undo the first undoing. The tusk of
the boar has wounded him there where love lies ableeding. If the shrew
is worsted yet there remains to her woman’s invisible weapon. There is,
I feel in the words, some goad of the flesh driving him into a new
passion, a darker shadow of the first, darkening even his own
understanding of himself. A like fate awaits him and the two rages
commingle in a whirlpool.</p>
<p>They list. And in the porches of their ears I pour.</p>
<p>—The soul has been before stricken mortally, a poison poured in the
porch of a sleeping ear. But those who are done to death in sleep cannot
know the manner of their quell unless their Creator endow their souls
with that knowledge in the life to come. The poisoning and the beast
with two backs that urged it King Hamlet’s ghost could not know of were
he not endowed with knowledge by his creator. That is why the speech
(his lean unlovely English) is always turned elsewhere, backward.
Ravisher and ravished, what he would but would not, go with him from
Lucrece’s bluecircled ivory globes to Imogen’s breast, bare, with its
mole cinquespotted. He goes back, weary of the creation he has piled up
to hide him from himself, an old dog licking an old sore. But, because
loss is his gain, he passes on towards eternity in undiminished
personality, untaught by the wisdom he has written or by the laws he has
revealed. His beaver is up. He is a ghost, a shadow now, the wind by
Elsinore’s rocks or what you will, the sea’s voice, a voice heard only
in the heart of him who is the substance of his shadow, the son
consubstantial with the father.</p>
<p>—Amen! was responded from the doorway.</p>
<p>Hast thou found me, O mine enemy?</p>
<p><em>Entr’acte</em>.</p>
<p>A ribald face, sullen as a dean’s, Buck Mulligan came forward, then
blithe in motley, towards the greeting of their smiles. My telegram.</p>
<p>—You were speaking of the gaseous vertebrate, if I mistake not? he
asked of Stephen.</p>
<p>Primrosevested he greeted gaily with his doffed Panama as with a
bauble.</p>
<p>They make him welcome. <em>Was Du verlachst wirst Du noch
dienen.</em></p>
<p>Brood of mockers: Photius, pseudomalachi, Johann Most.</p>
<p>He Who Himself begot middler the Holy Ghost and Himself sent Himself,
Agenbuyer, between Himself and others, Who, put upon by His fiends,
stripped and whipped, was nailed like bat to barndoor, starved on
crosstree, Who let Him bury, stood up, harrowed hell, fared into heaven
and there these nineteen hundred years sitteth on the right hand of His
Own Self but yet shall come in the latter day to doom the quick and dead
when all the quick shall be dead already.</p>
<div class="fig" style="width:80%;">
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id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-9.htm.html_img_images_gloriainexelcisdeo.jpg"
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</div>
<p>He lifts his hands. Veils fall. O, flowers! Bells with bells with
bells aquiring.</p>
<p>—Yes, indeed, the quaker librarian said. A most instructive
discussion. Mr Mulligan, I’ll be bound, has his theory too of the play
and of Shakespeare. All sides of life should be represented.</p>
<p>He smiled on all sides equally.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan thought, puzzled:</p>
<p>—Shakespeare? he said. I seem to know the name.</p>
<p>A flying sunny smile rayed in his loose features.</p>
<p>—To be sure, he said, remembering brightly. The chap that writes like
Synge.</p>
<p>Mr Best turned to him.</p>
<p>—Haines missed you, he said. Did you meet him? He’ll see you after at
the D. B. C. He’s gone to Gill’s to buy Hyde’s <em>Lovesongs of
Connacht</em>.</p>
<p>—I came through the museum, Buck Mulligan said. Was he here?</p>
<p>—The bard’s fellowcountrymen, John Eglinton answered, are rather
tired perhaps of our brilliancies of theorising. I hear that an actress
played Hamlet for the fourhundredandeighth time last night in Dublin.
Vining held that the prince was a woman. Has no-one made him out to be
an Irishman? Judge Barton, I believe, is searching for some clues. He
swears (His Highness not His Lordship) by saint Patrick.</p>
<p>—The most brilliant of all is that story of Wilde’s, Mr Best said,
lifting his brilliant notebook. That <em>Portrait of Mr W. H.</em> where
he proves that the sonnets were written by a Willie Hughes, a man all
hues.</p>
<p>—For Willie Hughes, is it not? the quaker librarian asked.</p>
<p>Or Hughie Wills? Mr William Himself. W. H.: who am I?</p>
<p>—I mean, for Willie Hughes, Mr Best said, amending his gloss easily.
Of course it’s all paradox, don’t you know, Hughes and hews and hues,
the colour, but it’s so typical the way he works it out. It’s the very
essence of Wilde, don’t you know. The light touch.</p>
<p>His glance touched their faces lightly as he smiled, a blond ephebe.
Tame essence of Wilde.</p>
<p>You’re darned witty. Three drams of usquebaugh you drank with Dan
Deasy’s ducats.</p>
<p>How much did I spend? O, a few shillings.</p>
<p>For a plump of pressmen. Humour wet and dry.</p>
<p>Wit. You would give your five wits for youth’s proud livery he pranks
in. Lineaments of gratified desire.</p>
<p>There be many mo. Take her for me. In pairing time. Jove, a cool
ruttime send them. Yea, turtledove her.</p>
<p>Eve. Naked wheatbellied sin. A snake coils her, fang in’s kiss.</p>
<p>—Do you think it is only a paradox? the quaker librarian was asking.
The mocker is never taken seriously when he is most serious.</p>
<p>They talked seriously of mocker’s seriousness.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s again heavy face eyed Stephen awhile. Then, his head
wagging, he came near, drew a folded telegram from his pocket. His
mobile lips read, smiling with new delight.</p>
<p>—Telegram! he said. Wonderful inspiration! Telegram! A papal
bull!</p>
<p>He sat on a corner of the unlit desk, reading aloud joyfully:</p>
<p>—<em>The sentimentalist is he who would enjoy without incurring the
immense debtorship for a thing done.</em> Signed: Dedalus. Where did you
launch it from? The kips? No. College Green. Have you drunk the four
quid? The aunt is going to call on your unsubstantial father. Telegram!
Malachi Mulligan, The Ship, lower Abbey street. O, you peerless mummer!
O, you priestified Kinchite!</p>
<p>Joyfully he thrust message and envelope into a pocket but keened in a
querulous brogue:</p>
<p>—It’s what I’m telling you, mister honey, it’s queer and sick we
were, Haines and myself, the time himself brought it in. ’Twas murmur we
did for a gallus potion would rouse a friar, I’m thinking, and he limp
with leching. And we one hour and two hours and three hours in Connery’s
sitting civil waiting for pints apiece.</p>
<p>He wailed:</p>
<p>—And we to be there, mavrone, and you to be unbeknownst sending us
your conglomerations the way we to have our tongues out a yard long like
the drouthy clerics do be fainting for a pussful.</p>
<p>Stephen laughed.</p>
<p>Quickly, warningfully Buck Mulligan bent down.</p>
<p>—The tramper Synge is looking for you, he said, to murder you. He
heard you pissed on his halldoor in Glasthule. He’s out in pampooties to
murder you.</p>
<p>—Me! Stephen exclaimed. That was your contribution to literature.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan gleefully bent back, laughing to the dark eavesdropping
ceiling.</p>
<p>—Murder you! he laughed.</p>
<p>Harsh gargoyle face that warred against me over our mess of hash of
lights in rue Saint-André-des-Arts. In words of words for words,
palabras. Oisin with Patrick. Faunman he met in Clamart woods,
brandishing a winebottle. <em>C’est vendredi saint!</em> Murthering
Irish. His image, wandering, he met. I mine. I met a fool i’the
forest.</p>
<p>—Mr Lyster, an attendant said from the door ajar.</p>
<p>—... in which everyone can find his own. So Mr Justice Madden in his
<em>Diary of Master William Silence</em> has found the hunting terms...
Yes? What is it?</p>
<p>—There’s a gentleman here, sir, the attendant said, coming forward
and offering a card. From the <em>Freeman.</em> He wants to see the
files of the <em>Kilkenny People</em> for last year.</p>
<p>—Certainly, certainly, certainly. Is the gentleman?...</p>
<p>He took the eager card, glanced, not saw, laid down unglanced,
looked, asked, creaked, asked:</p>
<p>—Is he?... O, there!</p>
<p>Brisk in a galliard he was off, out. In the daylit corridor he talked
with voluble pains of zeal, in duty bound, most fair, most kind, most
honest broadbrim.</p>
<p>—This gentleman? <em>Freeman’s Journal? Kilkenny People?</em> To be
sure. Good day, sir. <em>Kilkenny</em>... We have certainly...</p>
<p>A patient silhouette waited, listening.</p>
<p>—All the leading provincial... <em>Northern Whig, Cork Examiner,
Enniscorthy Guardian,</em> 1903... Will you please?... Evans, conduct
this gentleman... If you just follow the atten... Or, please allow me...
This way... Please, sir...</p>
<p>Voluble, dutiful, he led the way to all the provincial papers, a
bowing dark figure following his hasty heels.</p>
<p>The door closed.</p>
<p>—The sheeny! Buck Mulligan cried.</p>
<p>He jumped up and snatched the card.</p>
<p>—What’s his name? Ikey Moses? Bloom.</p>
<p>He rattled on:</p>
<p>—Jehovah, collector of prepuces, is no more. I found him over in the
museum where I went to hail the foamborn Aphrodite. The Greek mouth that
has never been twisted in prayer. Every day we must do homage to her.
<em>Life of life, thy lips enkindle.</em></p>
<p>Suddenly he turned to Stephen:</p>
<p>—He knows you. He knows your old fellow. O, I fear me, he is Greeker
than the Greeks. His pale Galilean eyes were upon her mesial groove.
Venus Kallipyge. O, the thunder of those loins! <em>The god pursuing the
maiden hid</em>.</p>
<p>—We want to hear more, John Eglinton decided with Mr Best’s approval.
We begin to be interested in Mrs S. Till now we had thought of her, if
at all, as a patient Griselda, a Penelope stayathome.</p>
<p>—Antisthenes, pupil of Gorgias, Stephen said, took the palm of beauty
from Kyrios Menelaus’ brooddam, Argive Helen, the wooden mare of Troy in
whom a score of heroes slept, and handed it to poor Penelope. Twenty
years he lived in London and, during part of that time, he drew a salary
equal to that of the lord chancellor of Ireland. His life was rich. His
art, more than the art of feudalism as Walt Whitman called it, is the
art of surfeit. Hot herringpies, green mugs of sack, honeysauces, sugar
of roses, marchpane, gooseberried pigeons, ringocandies. Sir Walter
Raleigh, when they arrested him, had half a million francs on his back
including a pair of fancy stays. The gombeenwoman Eliza Tudor had
underlinen enough to vie with her of Sheba. Twenty years he dallied
there between conjugial love and its chaste delights and scortatory love
and its foul pleasures. You know Manningham’s story of the burgher’s
wife who bade Dick Burbage to her bed after she had seen him in
<em>Richard III</em> and how Shakespeare, overhearing, without more ado
about nothing, took the cow by the horns and, when Burbage came knocking
at the gate, answered from the capon’s blankets: <em>William the
conqueror came before Richard III</em>. And the gay lakin, mistress
Fitton, mount and cry O, and his dainty birdsnies, lady Penelope Rich, a
clean quality woman is suited for a player, and the punks of the
bankside, a penny a time.</p>
<p>Cours la Reine. <em>Encore vingt sous. Nous ferons de petites
cochonneries. Minette? Tu veux?</em></p>
<p>—The height of fine society. And sir William Davenant of Oxford’s
mother with her cup of canary for any cockcanary.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan, his pious eyes upturned, prayed:</p>
<p>—Blessed Margaret Mary Anycock!</p>
<p>—And Harry of six wives’ daughter. And other lady friends from
neighbour seats as Lawn Tennyson, gentleman poet, sings. But all those
twenty years what do you suppose poor Penelope in Stratford was doing
behind the diamond panes?</p>
<p>Do and do. Thing done. In a rosery of Fetter lane of Gerard,
herbalist, he walks, greyedauburn. An azured harebell like her veins.
Lids of Juno’s eyes, violets. He walks. One life is all. One body. Do.
But do. Afar, in a reek of lust and squalor, hands are laid on
whiteness.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan rapped John Eglinton’s desk sharply.</p>
<p>—Whom do you suspect? he challenged.</p>
<p>—Say that he is the spurned lover in the sonnets. Once spurned twice
spurned. But the court wanton spurned him for a lord, his
dearmylove.</p>
<p>Love that dare not speak its name.</p>
<p>—As an Englishman, you mean, John sturdy Eglinton put in, he loved a
lord.</p>
<p>Old wall where sudden lizards flash. At Charenton I watched them.</p>
<p>—It seems so, Stephen said, when he wants to do for him, and for all
other and singular uneared wombs, the holy office an ostler does for the
stallion. Maybe, like Socrates, he had a midwife to mother as he had a
shrew to wife. But she, the giglot wanton, did not break a bedvow. Two
deeds are rank in that ghost’s mind: a broken vow and the dullbrained
yokel on whom her favour has declined, deceased husband’s brother. Sweet
Ann, I take it, was hot in the blood. Once a wooer, twice a wooer.</p>
<p>Stephen turned boldly in his chair.</p>
<p>—The burden of proof is with you not with me, he said frowning. If
you deny that in the fifth scene of <em>Hamlet</em> he has branded her
with infamy tell me why there is no mention of her during the thirtyfour
years between the day she married him and the day she buried him. All
those women saw their men down and under: Mary, her goodman John, Ann,
her poor dear Willun, when he went and died on her, raging that he was
the first to go, Joan, her four brothers, Judith, her husband and all
her sons, Susan, her husband too, while Susan’s daughter, Elizabeth, to
use granddaddy’s words, wed her second, having killed her first.</p>
<p>O, yes, mention there is. In the years when he was living richly in
royal London to pay a debt she had to borrow forty shillings from her
father’s shepherd. Explain you then. Explain the swansong too wherein he
has commended her to posterity.</p>
<p>He faced their silence.</p>
<p>To whom thus Eglinton: You mean the will.<br />
But that has been explained, I believe, by jurists.<br />
She was entitled to her widow’s dower<br />
At common law. His legal knowledge was great<br />
Our judges tell us.<br />
            Him Satan fleers,<br />
Mocker:<br />
            And therefore he left out her name<br />
From the first draft but he did not leave out<br />
The presents for his granddaughter, for his daughters,<br />
For his sister, for his old cronies in Stratford<br />
And in London. And therefore when he was urged,<br />
As I believe, to name her<br />
He left her his<br />
Secondbest<br />
Bed.<br />
<br />
            <em>Punkt.</em><br />
<br />
Leftherhis<br />
Secondbest<br />
Leftherhis<br />
Bestabed<br />
Secabest<br />
Leftabed.</p>
<p>Woa!</p>
<p>—Pretty countryfolk had few chattels then, John Eglinton observed, as
they have still if our peasant plays are true to type.</p>
<p>—He was a rich country gentleman, Stephen said, with a coat of arms
and landed estate at Stratford and a house in Ireland yard, a capitalist
shareholder, a bill promoter, a tithefarmer. Why did he not leave her
his best bed if he wished her to snore away the rest of her nights in
peace?</p>
<p>—It is clear that there were two beds, a best and a secondbest, Mr
Secondbest Best said finely.</p>
<p>—<em>Separatio a mensa et a thalamo</em>, bettered Buck Mulligan and
was smiled on.</p>
<p>—Antiquity mentions famous beds, Second Eglinton puckered,
bedsmiling. Let me think.</p>
<p>—Antiquity mentions that Stagyrite schoolurchin and bald heathen
sage, Stephen said, who when dying in exile frees and endows his slaves,
pays tribute to his elders, wills to be laid in earth near the bones of
his dead wife and bids his friends be kind to an old mistress (don’t
forget Nell Gwynn Herpyllis) and let her live in his villa.</p>
<p>—Do you mean he died so? Mr Best asked with slight concern. I
mean...</p>
<p>—He died dead drunk, Buck Mulligan capped. A quart of ale is a dish
for a king. O, I must tell you what Dowden said!</p>
<p>—What? asked Besteglinton.</p>
<p>William Shakespeare and company, limited. The people’s William. For
terms apply: E. Dowden, Highfield house...</p>
<p>—Lovely! Buck Mulligan suspired amorously. I asked him what he
thought of the charge of pederasty brought against the bard. He lifted
his hands and said: <em>All we can say is that life ran very high in
those days.</em> Lovely!</p>
<p>Catamite.</p>
<p>—The sense of beauty leads us astray, said beautifulinsadness Best to
ugling Eglinton.</p>
<p>Steadfast John replied severe:</p>
<p>—The doctor can tell us what those words mean. You cannot eat your
cake and have it.</p>
<p>Sayest thou so? Will they wrest from us, from me, the palm of
beauty?</p>
<p>—And the sense of property, Stephen said. He drew Shylock out of his
own long pocket. The son of a maltjobber and moneylender he was himself
a cornjobber and moneylender, with ten tods of corn hoarded in the
famine riots. His borrowers are no doubt those divers of worship
mentioned by Chettle Falstaff who reported his uprightness of dealing.
He sued a fellowplayer for the price of a few bags of malt and exacted
his pound of flesh in interest for every money lent. How else could
Aubrey’s ostler and callboy get rich quick? All events brought grist to
his mill. Shylock chimes with the jewbaiting that followed the hanging
and quartering of the queen’s leech Lopez, his jew’s heart being plucked
forth while the sheeny was yet alive: <em>Hamlet</em> and
<em>Macbeth</em> with the coming to the throne of a Scotch
philosophaster with a turn for witchroasting. The lost armada is his
jeer in <em>Love’s Labour Lost</em>. His pageants, the histories, sail
fullbellied on a tide of Mafeking enthusiasm. Warwickshire jesuits are
tried and we have a porter’s theory of equivocation. The <em>Sea
Venture</em> comes home from Bermudas and the play Renan admired is
written with Patsy Caliban, our American cousin. The sugared sonnets
follow Sidney’s. As for fay Elizabeth, otherwise carrotty Bess, the
gross virgin who inspired <em>The Merry Wives of Windsor</em>, let some
meinherr from Almany grope his life long for deephid meanings in the
depths of the buckbasket.</p>
<p>I think you’re getting on very nicely. Just mix up a mixture of
theolologicophilolological. <em>Mingo, minxi, mictum, mingere.</em></p>
<p>—Prove that he was a jew, John Eglinton dared, expectantly. Your dean
of studies holds he was a holy Roman.</p>
<p><em>Sufflaminandus sum.</em></p>
<p>—He was made in Germany, Stephen replied, as the champion French
polisher of Italian scandals.</p>
<p>—A myriadminded man, Mr Best reminded. Coleridge called him
myriadminded.</p>
<p><em>Amplius. In societate humana hoc est maxime necessarium ut sit
amicitia inter multos.</em></p>
<p>—Saint Thomas, Stephen began...</p>
<p>—<em>Ora pro nobis</em>, Monk Mulligan groaned, sinking to a
chair.</p>
<p>There he keened a wailing rune.</p>
<p>—<em>Pogue mahone! Acushla machree!</em> It’s destroyed we are from
this day! It’s destroyed we are surely!</p>
<p>All smiled their smiles.</p>
<p>—Saint Thomas, Stephen smiling said, whose gorbellied works I enjoy
reading in the original, writing of incest from a standpoint different
from that of the new Viennese school Mr Magee spoke of, likens it in his
wise and curious way to an avarice of the emotions. He means that the
love so given to one near in blood is covetously withheld from some
stranger who, it may be, hungers for it. Jews, whom christians tax with
avarice, are of all races the most given to intermarriage. Accusations
are made in anger. The christian laws which built up the hoards of the
jews (for whom, as for the lollards, storm was shelter) bound their
affections too with hoops of steel. Whether these be sins or virtues old
Nobodaddy will tell us at doomsday leet. But a man who holds so tightly
to what he calls his rights over what he calls his debts will hold
tightly also to what he calls his rights over her whom he calls his
wife. No sir smile neighbour shall covet his ox or his wife or his
manservant or his maidservant or his jackass.</p>
<p>—Or his jennyass, Buck Mulligan antiphoned.</p>
<p>—Gentle Will is being roughly handled, gentle Mr Best said
gently.</p>
<p>—Which will? gagged sweetly Buck Mulligan. We are getting mixed.</p>
<p>—The will to live, John Eglinton philosophised, for poor Ann, Will’s
widow, is the will to die.</p>
<p><em>—Requiescat!</em> Stephen prayed.</p>
<p>What of all the will to do?<br />
It has vanished long ago...</p>
<p>—She lies laid out in stark stiffness in that secondbest bed, the
mobled queen, even though you prove that a bed in those days was as rare
as a motorcar is now and that its carvings were the wonder of seven
parishes. In old age she takes up with gospellers (one stayed with her
at New Place and drank a quart of sack the town council paid for but in
which bed he slept it skills not to ask) and heard she had a soul. She
read or had read to her his chapbooks preferring them to the <em>Merry
Wives</em> and, loosing her nightly waters on the jordan, she thought
over <em>Hooks and Eyes for Believers’ Breeches</em> and <em>The most
Spiritual Snuffbox to Make the Most Devout Souls Sneeze</em>. Venus has
twisted her lips in prayer. Agenbite of inwit: remorse of conscience. It
is an age of exhausted whoredom groping for its god.</p>
<p>—History shows that to be true, <em>inquit Eglintonus
Chronolologos</em>. The ages succeed one another. But we have it on high
authority that a man’s worst enemies shall be those of his own house and
family. I feel that Russell is right. What do we care for his wife or
father? I should say that only family poets have family lives. Falstaff
was not a family man. I feel that the fat knight is his supreme
creation.</p>
<p>Lean, he lay back. Shy, deny thy kindred, the unco guid. Shy, supping
with the godless, he sneaks the cup. A sire in Ultonian Antrim bade it
him. Visits him here on quarter days. Mr Magee, sir, there’s a gentleman
to see you. Me? Says he’s your father, sir. Give me my Wordsworth. Enter
Magee Mor Matthew, a rugged rough rugheaded kern, in strossers with a
buttoned codpiece, his nether stocks bemired with clauber of ten
forests, a wand of wilding in his hand.</p>
<p>Your own? He knows your old fellow. The widower.</p>
<p>Hurrying to her squalid deathlair from gay Paris on the quayside I
touched his hand. The voice, new warmth, speaking. Dr Bob Kenny is
attending her. The eyes that wish me well. But do not know me.</p>
<p>—A father, Stephen said, battling against hopelessness, is a
necessary evil. He wrote the play in the months that followed his
father’s death. If you hold that he, a greying man with two marriageable
daughters, with thirtyfive years of life, <em>nel mezzo del cammin di
nostra vita</em>, with fifty of experience, is the beardless
undergraduate from Wittenberg then you must hold that his seventyyear
old mother is the lustful queen. No. The corpse of John Shakespeare does
not walk the night. From hour to hour it rots and rots. He rests,
disarmed of fatherhood, having devised that mystical estate upon his
son. Boccaccio’s Calandrino was the first and last man who felt himself
with child. Fatherhood, in the sense of conscious begetting, is unknown
to man. It is a mystical estate, an apostolic succession, from only
begetter to only begotten. On that mystery and not on the madonna which
the cunning Italian intellect flung to the mob of Europe the church is
founded and founded irremovably because founded, like the world, macro
and microcosm, upon the void. Upon incertitude, upon unlikelihood.
<em>Amor matris</em>, subjective and objective genitive, may be the only
true thing in life. Paternity may be a legal fiction. Who is the father
of any son that any son should love him or he any son?</p>
<p>What the hell are you driving at?</p>
<p>I know. Shut up. Blast you. I have reasons.</p>
<p><em>Amplius. Adhuc. Iterum. Postea.</em></p>
<p>Are you condemned to do this?</p>
<p>—They are sundered by a bodily shame so steadfast that the criminal
annals of the world, stained with all other incests and bestialities,
hardly record its breach. Sons with mothers, sires with daughters,
lesbic sisters, loves that dare not speak their name, nephews with
grandmothers, jailbirds with keyholes, queens with prize bulls. The son
unborn mars beauty: born, he brings pain, divides affection, increases
care. He is a new male: his growth is his father’s decline, his youth
his father’s envy, his friend his father’s enemy.</p>
<p>In rue Monsieur-le-Prince I thought it.</p>
<p>—What links them in nature? An instant of blind rut.</p>
<p>Am I a father? If I were?</p>
<p>Shrunken uncertain hand.</p>
<p>—Sabellius, the African, subtlest heresiarch of all the beasts of the
field, held that the Father was Himself His Own Son. The bulldog of
Aquin, with whom no word shall be impossible, refutes him. Well: if the
father who has not a son be not a father can the son who has not a
father be a son? When Rutlandbaconsouthamptonshakespeare or another poet
of the same name in the comedy of errors wrote <em>Hamlet</em> he was
not the father of his own son merely but, being no more a son, he was
and felt himself the father of all his race, the father of his own
grandfather, the father of his unborn grandson who, by the same token,
never was born, for nature, as Mr Magee understands her, abhors
perfection.</p>
<p>Eglintoneyes, quick with pleasure, looked up shybrightly. Gladly
glancing, a merry puritan, through the twisted eglantine.</p>
<p>Flatter. Rarely. But flatter.</p>
<p>—Himself his own father, Sonmulligan told himself. Wait. I am big
with child. I have an unborn child in my brain. Pallas Athena! A play!
The play’s the thing! Let me parturiate!</p>
<p>He clasped his paunchbrow with both birthaiding hands.</p>
<p>—As for his family, Stephen said, his mother’s name lives in the
forest of Arden. Her death brought from him the scene with Volumnia in
<em>Coriolanus.</em> His boyson’s death is the deathscene of young
Arthur in <em>King John.</em> Hamlet, the black prince, is Hamnet
Shakespeare. Who the girls in <em>The Tempest</em>, in
<em>Pericles,</em> in <em>Winter’s Tale</em> are we know. Who Cleopatra,
fleshpot of Egypt, and Cressid and Venus are we may guess. But there is
another member of his family who is recorded.</p>
<p>—The plot thickens, John Eglinton said.</p>
<p>The quaker librarian, quaking, tiptoed in, quake, his mask, quake,
with haste, quake, quack.</p>
<p>Door closed. Cell. Day.</p>
<p>They list. Three. They.</p>
<p>I you he they.</p>
<p>Come, mess.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: He had three brothers, Gilbert, Edmund, Richard. Gilbert in
his old age told some cavaliers he got a pass for nowt from Maister
Gatherer one time mass he did and he seen his brud Maister Wull the
playwriter up in Lunnon in a wrastling play wud a man on’s back. The
playhouse sausage filled Gilbert’s soul. He is nowhere: but an Edmund
and a Richard are recorded in the works of sweet William.</p>
<p>MAGEEGLINJOHN: Names! What’s in a name?</p>
<p>BEST: That is my name, Richard, don’t you know. I hope you are going
to say a good word for Richard, don’t you know, for my sake.
<em>(Laughter)</em></p>
<p>BUCKMULLIGAN: (<em>Piano, diminuendo</em>)</p>
<p>Then outspoke medical Dick<br />
To his comrade medical Davy...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: In his trinity of black Wills, the villain shakebags, Iago,
Richard Crookback, Edmund in <em>King Lear</em>, two bear the wicked
uncles’ names. Nay, that last play was written or being written while
his brother Edmund lay dying in Southwark.</p>
<p>BEST: I hope Edmund is going to catch it. I don’t want Richard, my
name ...</p>
<p><em>(Laughter)</em></p>
<p>QUAKERLYSTER: (<em>A tempo</em>) But he that filches from me my good
name...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Stringendo)</em> He has hidden his own name, a fair
name, William, in the plays, a super here, a clown there, as a painter
of old Italy set his face in a dark corner of his canvas. He has
revealed it in the sonnets where there is Will in overplus. Like John
o’Gaunt his name is dear to him, as dear as the coat and crest he
toadied for, on a bend sable a spear or steeled argent,
honorificabilitudinitatibus, dearer than his glory of greatest
shakescene in the country. What’s in a name? That is what we ask
ourselves in childhood when we write the name that we are told is ours.
A star, a daystar, a firedrake, rose at his birth. It shone by day in
the heavens alone, brighter than Venus in the night, and by night it
shone over delta in Cassiopeia, the recumbent constellation which is the
signature of his initial among the stars. His eyes watched it, lowlying
on the horizon, eastward of the bear, as he walked by the slumberous
summer fields at midnight returning from Shottery and from her arms.</p>
<p>Both satisfied. I too.</p>
<p>Don’t tell them he was nine years old when it was quenched.</p>
<p>And from her arms.</p>
<p>Wait to be wooed and won. Ay, meacock. Who will woo you?</p>
<p>Read the skies. <em>Autontimorumenos. Bous Stephanoumenos.</em>
Where’s your configuration? Stephen, Stephen, cut the bread even. S. D:
<em>sua donna. Già: di lui. Gelindo risolve di non amare S. D.</em></p>
<p>—What is that, Mr Dedalus? the quaker librarian asked. Was it a
celestial phenomenon?</p>
<p>—A star by night, Stephen said. A pillar of the cloud by day.</p>
<p>What more’s to speak?</p>
<p>Stephen looked on his hat, his stick, his boots.</p>
<p><em>Stephanos,</em> my crown. My sword. His boots are spoiling the
shape of my feet. Buy a pair. Holes in my socks. Handkerchief too.</p>
<p>—You make good use of the name, John Eglinton allowed. Your own name
is strange enough. I suppose it explains your fantastical humour.</p>
<p>Me, Magee and Mulligan.</p>
<p>Fabulous artificer. The hawklike man. You flew. Whereto?
Newhaven-Dieppe, steerage passenger. Paris and back. Lapwing. Icarus.
<em>Pater, ait.</em> Seabedabbled, fallen, weltering. Lapwing you are.
Lapwing be.</p>
<p>Mr Best eagerquietly lifted his book to say:</p>
<p>—That’s very interesting because that brother motive, don’t you know,
we find also in the old Irish myths. Just what you say. The three
brothers Shakespeare. In Grimm too, don’t you know, the fairytales. The
third brother that always marries the sleeping beauty and wins the best
prize.</p>
<p>Best of Best brothers. Good, better, best.</p>
<p>The quaker librarian springhalted near.</p>
<p>—I should like to know, he said, which brother you... I understand
you to suggest there was misconduct with one of the brothers... But
perhaps I am anticipating?</p>
<p>He caught himself in the act: looked at all: refrained.</p>
<p>An attendant from the doorway called:</p>
<p>—Mr Lyster! Father Dineen wants...</p>
<p>—O, Father Dineen! Directly.</p>
<p>Swiftly rectly creaking rectly rectly he was rectly gone.</p>
<p>John Eglinton touched the foil.</p>
<p>—Come, he said. Let us hear what you have to say of Richard and
Edmund. You kept them for the last, didn’t you?</p>
<p>—In asking you to remember those two noble kinsmen nuncle Richie and
nuncle Edmund, Stephen answered, I feel I am asking too much perhaps. A
brother is as easily forgotten as an umbrella.</p>
<p>Lapwing.</p>
<p>Where is your brother? Apothecaries’ hall. My whetstone. Him, then
Cranly, Mulligan: now these. Speech, speech. But act. Act speech. They
mock to try you. Act. Be acted on.</p>
<p>Lapwing.</p>
<p>I am tired of my voice, the voice of Esau. My kingdom for a
drink.</p>
<p>On.</p>
<p>—You will say those names were already in the chronicles from which
he took the stuff of his plays. Why did he take them rather than others?
Richard, a whoreson crookback, misbegotten, makes love to a widowed Ann
(what’s in a name?), woos and wins her, a whoreson merry widow. Richard
the conqueror, third brother, came after William the conquered. The
other four acts of that play hang limply from that first. Of all his
kings Richard is the only king unshielded by Shakespeare’s reverence,
the angel of the world. Why is the underplot of <em>King Lear</em> in
which Edmund figures lifted out of Sidney’s <em>Arcadia</em> and
spatchcocked on to a Celtic legend older than history?</p>
<p>—That was Will’s way, John Eglinton defended. We should not now
combine a Norse saga with an excerpt from a novel by George Meredith.
<em>Que voulez-vous?</em> Moore would say. He puts Bohemia on the
seacoast and makes Ulysses quote Aristotle.</p>
<p>—Why? Stephen answered himself. Because the theme of the false or the
usurping or the adulterous brother or all three in one is to
Shakespeare, what the poor are not, always with him. The note of
banishment, banishment from the heart, banishment from home, sounds
uninterruptedly from <em>The Two Gentlemen of Verona</em> onward till
Prospero breaks his staff, buries it certain fathoms in the earth and
drowns his book. It doubles itself in the middle of his life, reflects
itself in another, repeats itself, protasis, epitasis, catastasis,
catastrophe. It repeats itself again when he is near the grave, when his
married daughter Susan, chip of the old block, is accused of adultery.
But it was the original sin that darkened his understanding, weakened
his will and left in him a strong inclination to evil. The words are
those of my lords bishops of Maynooth. An original sin and, like
original sin, committed by another in whose sin he too has sinned. It is
between the lines of his last written words, it is petrified on his
tombstone under which her four bones are not to be laid. Age has not
withered it. Beauty and peace have not done it away. It is in infinite
variety everywhere in the world he has created, in <em>Much Ado about
Nothing</em>, twice in <em>As you like It</em>, in <em>The Tempest</em>,
in <em>Hamlet,</em> in <em>Measure for Measure</em>—and in all the other
plays which I have not read.</p>
<p>He laughed to free his mind from his mind’s bondage.</p>
<p>Judge Eglinton summed up.</p>
<p>—The truth is midway, he affirmed. He is the ghost and the prince. He
is all in all.</p>
<p>—He is, Stephen said. The boy of act one is the mature man of act
five. All in all. In <em>Cymbeline,</em> in <em>Othello</em> he is bawd
and cuckold. He acts and is acted on. Lover of an ideal or a perversion,
like José he kills the real Carmen. His unremitting intellect is the
hornmad Iago ceaselessly willing that the moor in him shall suffer.</p>
<p>—Cuckoo! Cuckoo! Cuck Mulligan clucked lewdly. O word of fear!</p>
<p>Dark dome received, reverbed.</p>
<p>—And what a character is Iago! undaunted John Eglinton exclaimed.
When all is said Dumas <em>fils</em> (or is it Dumas <em>père?)</em> is
right. After God Shakespeare has created most.</p>
<p>—Man delights him not nor woman neither, Stephen said. He returns
after a life of absence to that spot of earth where he was born, where
he has always been, man and boy, a silent witness and there, his journey
of life ended, he plants his mulberrytree in the earth. Then dies. The
motion is ended. Gravediggers bury Hamlet <em>père</em> and Hamlet
<em>fils.</em> A king and a prince at last in death, with incidental
music. And, what though murdered and betrayed, bewept by all frail
tender hearts for, Dane or Dubliner, sorrow for the dead is the only
husband from whom they refuse to be divorced. If you like the epilogue
look long on it: prosperous Prospero, the good man rewarded, Lizzie,
grandpa’s lump of love, and nuncle Richie, the bad man taken off by
poetic justice to the place where the bad niggers go. Strong curtain. He
found in the world without as actual what was in his world within as
possible. Maeterlinck says: <em>If Socrates leave his house today he
will find the sage seated on his doorstep. If Judas go forth tonight it
is to Judas his steps will tend.</em> Every life is many days, day after
day. We walk through ourselves, meeting robbers, ghosts, giants, old
men, young men, wives, widows, brothers-in-love, but always meeting
ourselves. The playwright who wrote the folio of this world and wrote it
badly (He gave us light first and the sun two days later), the lord of
things as they are whom the most Roman of catholics call <em>dio
boia</em>, hangman god, is doubtless all in all in all of us, ostler and
butcher, and would be bawd and cuckold too but that in the economy of
heaven, foretold by Hamlet, there are no more marriages, glorified man,
an androgynous angel, being a wife unto himself.</p>
<p><em>—Eureka!</em> Buck Mulligan cried. <em>Eureka!</em></p>
<p>Suddenly happied he jumped up and reached in a stride John Eglinton’s
desk.</p>
<p>—May I? he said. The Lord has spoken to Malachi.</p>
<p>He began to scribble on a slip of paper.</p>
<p>Take some slips from the counter going out.</p>
<p>—Those who are married, Mr Best, douce herald, said, all save one,
shall live. The rest shall keep as they are.</p>
<p>He laughed, unmarried, at Eglinton Johannes, of arts a bachelor.</p>
<p>Unwed, unfancied, ware of wiles, they fingerponder nightly each his
variorum edition of <em>The Taming of the Shrew.</em></p>
<p>—You are a delusion, said roundly John Eglinton to Stephen. You have
brought us all this way to show us a French triangle. Do you believe
your own theory?</p>
<p>—No, Stephen said promptly.</p>
<p>—Are you going to write it? Mr Best asked. You ought to make it a
dialogue, don’t you know, like the Platonic dialogues Wilde wrote.</p>
<p>John Eclecticon doubly smiled.</p>
<p>—Well, in that case, he said, I don’t see why you should expect
payment for it since you don’t believe it yourself. Dowden believes
there is some mystery in <em>Hamlet</em> but will say no more. Herr
Bleibtreu, the man Piper met in Berlin, who is working up that Rutland
theory, believes that the secret is hidden in the Stratford monument. He
is going to visit the present duke, Piper says, and prove to him that
his ancestor wrote the plays. It will come as a surprise to his grace.
But he believes his theory.</p>
<p>I believe, O Lord, help my unbelief. That is, help me to believe or
help me to unbelieve? Who helps to believe? <em>Egomen.</em> Who to
unbelieve? Other chap.</p>
<p>—You are the only contributor to <em>Dana</em> who asks for pieces of
silver. Then I don’t know about the next number. Fred Ryan wants space
for an article on economics.</p>
<p>Fraidrine. Two pieces of silver he lent me. Tide you over.
Economics.</p>
<p>—For a guinea, Stephen said, you can publish this interview.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan stood up from his laughing scribbling, laughing: and
then gravely said, honeying malice:</p>
<p>—I called upon the bard Kinch at his summer residence in upper
Mecklenburgh street and found him deep in the study of the <em>Summa
contra Gentiles</em> in the company of two gonorrheal ladies, Fresh
Nelly and Rosalie, the coalquay whore.</p>
<p>He broke away.</p>
<p>—Come, Kinch. Come, wandering Ængus of the birds.</p>
<p>Come, Kinch. You have eaten all we left. Ay. I will serve you your
orts and offals.</p>
<p>Stephen rose.</p>
<p>Life is many days. This will end.</p>
<p>—We shall see you tonight, John Eglinton said. <em>Notre ami</em>
Moore says Malachi Mulligan must be there.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan flaunted his slip and panama.</p>
<p>—Monsieur Moore, he said, lecturer on French letters to the youth of
Ireland. I’ll be there. Come, Kinch, the bards must drink. Can you walk
straight?</p>
<p>Laughing, he...</p>
<p>Swill till eleven. Irish nights entertainment.</p>
<p>Lubber...</p>
<p>Stephen followed a lubber...</p>
<p>One day in the national library we had a discussion. Shakes. After.
His lub back: I followed. I gall his kibe.</p>
<p>Stephen, greeting, then all amort, followed a lubber jester, a
wellkempt head, newbarbered, out of the vaulted cell into a shattering
daylight of no thought.</p>
<p>What have I learned? Of them? Of me?</p>
<p>Walk like Haines now.</p>
<p>The constant readers’ room. In the readers’ book Cashel Boyle
O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell parafes his polysyllables. Item:
was Hamlet mad? The quaker’s pate godlily with a priesteen in
booktalk.</p>
<p>—O please do, sir... I shall be most pleased...</p>
<p>Amused Buck Mulligan mused in pleasant murmur with himself,
selfnodding:</p>
<p>—A pleased bottom.</p>
<p>The turnstile.</p>
<p>Is that?... Blueribboned hat... Idly writing... What? Looked?...</p>
<p>The curving balustrade: smoothsliding Mincius.</p>
<p>Puck Mulligan, panamahelmeted, went step by step, iambing,
trolling:</p>
<p>John Eglinton, my jo, John,<br />
Why won’t you wed a wife?</p>
<p>He spluttered to the air:</p>
<p>—O, the chinless Chinaman! Chin Chon Eg Lin Ton. We went over to
their playbox, Haines and I, the plumbers’ hall. Our players are
creating a new art for Europe like the Greeks or M. Maeterlinck. Abbey
Theatre! I smell the pubic sweat of monks.</p>
<p>He spat blank.</p>
<p>Forgot: any more than he forgot the whipping lousy Lucy gave him. And
left the <em>femme de trente ans.</em> And why no other children born?
And his first child a girl?</p>
<p>Afterwit. Go back.</p>
<p>The dour recluse still there (he has his cake) and the douce
youngling, minion of pleasure, Phedo’s toyable fair hair.</p>
<p>Eh... I just eh... wanted... I forgot... he...</p>
<p>—Longworth and M’Curdy Atkinson were there...</p>
<p>Puck Mulligan footed featly, trilling:</p>
<p>I hardly hear the purlieu cry<br />
Or a Tommy talk as I pass one by<br />
Before my thoughts begin to run<br />
On F. M’Curdy Atkinson,<br />
The same that had the wooden leg<br />
And that filibustering filibeg<br />
That never dared to slake his drouth,<br />
Magee that had the chinless mouth.<br />
Being afraid to marry on earth<br />
They masturbated for all they were worth.</p>
<p>Jest on. Know thyself.</p>
<p>Halted, below me, a quizzer looks at me. I halt.</p>
<p>—Mournful mummer, Buck Mulligan moaned. Synge has left off wearing
black to be like nature. Only crows, priests and English coal are
black.</p>
<p>A laugh tripped over his lips.</p>
<p>—Longworth is awfully sick, he said, after what you wrote about that
old hake Gregory. O you inquisitional drunken jewjesuit! She gets you a
job on the paper and then you go and slate her drivel to Jaysus.
Couldn’t you do the Yeats touch?</p>
<p>He went on and down, mopping, chanting with waving graceful arms:</p>
<p>—The most beautiful book that has come out of our country in my time.
One thinks of Homer.</p>
<p>He stopped at the stairfoot.</p>
<p>—I have conceived a play for the mummers, he said solemnly.</p>
<p>The pillared Moorish hall, shadows entwined. Gone the nine men’s
morrice with caps of indices.</p>
<p>In sweetly varying voices Buck Mulligan read his tablet:</p>
<p><em>Everyman His Own Wife<br />
or<br />
A Honeymoon in the Hand<br />
(a national immorality in three orgasms)<br />
by<br />
Ballocky Mulligan.</em></p>
<p>He turned a happy patch’s smirk to Stephen, saying:</p>
<p>—The disguise, I fear, is thin. But listen.</p>
<p>He read, <em>marcato:</em></p>
<p>—Characters:</p>
<div class="pgmonospaced">
     TOBY TOSTOFF (a ruined Pole)<br />
     CRAB (a bushranger)<br />
     MEDICAL DICK )<br />
         and      ) (two birds with one stone)<br />
     MEDICAL DAVY )<br />
     MOTHER GROGAN (a watercarrier)<br />
     FRESH NELLY<br />
         and<br />
     ROSALIE (the coalquay whore).<br />

</div>
<p>He laughed, lolling a to and fro head, walking on, followed by
Stephen: and mirthfully he told the shadows, souls of men:</p>
<p>—O, the night in the Camden hall when the daughters of Erin had to
lift their skirts to step over you as you lay in your mulberrycoloured,
multicoloured, multitudinous vomit!</p>
<p>—The most innocent son of Erin, Stephen said, for whom they ever
lifted them.</p>
<p>About to pass through the doorway, feeling one behind, he stood
aside.</p>
<p>Part. The moment is now. Where then? If Socrates leave his house
today, if Judas go forth tonight. Why? That lies in space which I in
time must come to, ineluctably.</p>
<p>My will: his will that fronts me. Seas between.</p>
<p>A man passed out between them, bowing, greeting.</p>
<p>—Good day again, Buck Mulligan said.</p>
<p>The portico.</p>
<p>Here I watched the birds for augury. Ængus of the birds. They go,
they come. Last night I flew. Easily flew. Men wondered. Street of
harlots after. A creamfruit melon he held to me. In. You will see.</p>
<p>—The wandering jew, Buck Mulligan whispered with clown’s awe. Did you
see his eye? He looked upon you to lust after you. I fear thee, ancient
mariner. O, Kinch, thou art in peril. Get thee a breechpad.</p>
<p>Manner of Oxenford.</p>
<p>Day. Wheelbarrow sun over arch of bridge.</p>
<p>A dark back went before them, step of a pard, down, out by the
gateway, under portcullis barbs.</p>
<p>They followed.</p>
<p>Offend me still. Speak on.</p>
<p>Kind air defined the coigns of houses in Kildare street. No birds.
Frail from the housetops two plumes of smoke ascended, pluming, and in a
flaw of softness softly were blown.</p>
<p>Cease to strive. Peace of the druid priests of Cymbeline:
hierophantic: from wide earth an altar.</p>
<p>            Laud we the gods<br />
And let our crooked smokes climb to their nostrils<br />
From our bless’d altars.</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html_pgepubid00076"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-10.htm.html_chap10"></span>[ 10
]</h3>
<p>The superior, the very reverend John Conmee S. J. reset his smooth
watch in his interior pocket as he came down the presbytery steps. Five
to three. Just nice time to walk to Artane. What was that boy’s name
again? Dignam. Yes. <em>Vere dignum et iustum est.</em> Brother Swan was
the person to see. Mr Cunningham’s letter. Yes. Oblige him, if possible.
Good practical catholic: useful at mission time.</p>
<p>A onelegged sailor, swinging himself onward by lazy jerks of his
crutches, growled some notes. He jerked short before the convent of the
sisters of charity and held out a peaked cap for alms towards the very
reverend John Conmee S. J. Father Conmee blessed him in the sun for his
purse held, he knew, one silver crown.</p>
<p>Father Conmee crossed to Mountjoy square. He thought, but not for
long, of soldiers and sailors, whose legs had been shot off by
cannonballs, ending their days in some pauper ward, and of cardinal
Wolsey’s words: <em>If I had served my God as I have served my king He
would not have abandoned me in my old days.</em> He walked by the
treeshade of sunnywinking leaves: and towards him came the wife of Mr
David Sheehy M.P.</p>
<p>—Very well, indeed, father. And you, father?</p>
<p>Father Conmee was wonderfully well indeed. He would go to Buxton
probably for the waters. And her boys, were they getting on well at
Belvedere? Was that so? Father Conmee was very glad indeed to hear that.
And Mr Sheehy himself? Still in London. The house was still sitting, to
be sure it was. Beautiful weather it was, delightful indeed. Yes, it was
very probable that Father Bernard Vaughan would come again to preach. O,
yes: a very great success. A wonderful man really.</p>
<p>Father Conmee was very glad to see the wife of Mr David Sheehy M.P.
looking so well and he begged to be remembered to Mr David Sheehy M.P.
Yes, he would certainly call.</p>
<p>—Good afternoon, Mrs Sheehy.</p>
<p>Father Conmee doffed his silk hat and smiled, as he took leave, at
the jet beads of her mantilla inkshining in the sun. And smiled yet
again, in going. He had cleaned his teeth, he knew, with arecanut
paste.</p>
<p>Father Conmee walked and, walking, smiled for he thought on Father
Bernard Vaughan’s droll eyes and cockney voice.</p>
<p>—Pilate! Wy don’t you old back that owlin mob?</p>
<p>A zealous man, however. Really he was. And really did great good in
his way. Beyond a doubt. He loved Ireland, he said, and he loved the
Irish. Of good family too would one think it? Welsh, were they not?</p>
<p>O, lest he forget. That letter to father provincial.</p>
<p>Father Conmee stopped three little schoolboys at the corner of
Mountjoy square. Yes: they were from Belvedere. The little house. Aha.
And were they good boys at school? O. That was very good now. And what
was his name? Jack Sohan. And his name? Ger. Gallaher. And the other
little man? His name was Brunny Lynam. O, that was a very nice name to
have.</p>
<p>Father Conmee gave a letter from his breast to Master Brunny Lynam
and pointed to the red pillarbox at the corner of Fitzgibbon street.</p>
<p>—But mind you don’t post yourself into the box, little man, he
said.</p>
<p>The boys sixeyed Father Conmee and laughed:</p>
<p>—O, sir.</p>
<p>—Well, let me see if you can post a letter, Father Conmee said.</p>
<p>Master Brunny Lynam ran across the road and put Father Conmee’s
letter to father provincial into the mouth of the bright red letterbox.
Father Conmee smiled and nodded and smiled and walked along Mountjoy
square east.</p>
<p>Mr Denis J Maginni, professor of dancing &amp;c, in silk hat, slate
frockcoat with silk facings, white kerchief tie, tight lavender
trousers, canary gloves and pointed patent boots, walking with grave
deportment most respectfully took the curbstone as he passed lady
Maxwell at the corner of Dignam’s court.</p>
<p>Was that not Mrs M’Guinness?</p>
<p>Mrs M’Guinness, stately, silverhaired, bowed to Father Conmee from
the farther footpath along which she sailed. And Father Conmee smiled
and saluted. How did she do?</p>
<p>A fine carriage she had. Like Mary, queen of Scots, something. And to
think that she was a pawnbroker! Well, now! Such a... what should he
say?... such a queenly mien.</p>
<p>Father Conmee walked down Great Charles street and glanced at the
shutup free church on his left. The reverend T. R. Greene B.A. will
(D.V.) speak. The incumbent they called him. He felt it incumbent on him
to say a few words. But one should be charitable. Invincible ignorance.
They acted according to their lights.</p>
<p>Father Conmee turned the corner and walked along the North Circular
road. It was a wonder that there was not a tramline in such an important
thoroughfare. Surely, there ought to be.</p>
<p>A band of satchelled schoolboys crossed from Richmond street. All
raised untidy caps. Father Conmee greeted them more than once benignly.
Christian brother boys.</p>
<p>Father Conmee smelt incense on his right hand as he walked. Saint
Joseph’s church, Portland row. For aged and virtuous females. Father
Conmee raised his hat to the Blessed Sacrament. Virtuous: but
occasionally they were also badtempered.</p>
<p>Near Aldborough house Father Conmee thought of that spendthrift
nobleman. And now it was an office or something.</p>
<p>Father Conmee began to walk along the North Strand road and was
saluted by Mr William Gallagher who stood in the doorway of his shop.
Father Conmee saluted Mr William Gallagher and perceived the odours that
came from baconflitches and ample cools of butter. He passed Grogan’s
the Tobacconist against which newsboards leaned and told of a dreadful
catastrophe in New York. In America those things were continually
happening. Unfortunate people to die like that, unprepared. Still, an
act of perfect contrition.</p>
<p>Father Conmee went by Daniel Bergin’s publichouse against the window
of which two unlabouring men lounged. They saluted him and were
saluted.</p>
<p>Father Conmee passed H. J. O’Neill’s funeral establishment where
Corny Kelleher totted figures in the daybook while he chewed a blade of
hay. A constable on his beat saluted Father Conmee and Father Conmee
saluted the constable. In Youkstetter’s, the porkbutcher’s, Father
Conmee observed pig’s puddings, white and black and red, lie neatly
curled in tubes.</p>
<p>Moored under the trees of Charleville Mall Father Conmee saw a
turfbarge, a towhorse with pendent head, a bargeman with a hat of dirty
straw seated amidships, smoking and staring at a branch of poplar above
him. It was idyllic: and Father Conmee reflected on the providence of
the Creator who had made turf to be in bogs whence men might dig it out
and bring it to town and hamlet to make fires in the houses of poor
people.</p>
<p>On Newcomen bridge the very reverend John Conmee S. J. of saint
Francis Xavier’s church, upper Gardiner street, stepped on to an outward
bound tram.</p>
<p>Off an inward bound tram stepped the reverend Nicholas Dudley C. C.
of saint Agatha’s church, north William street, on to Newcomen
bridge.</p>
<p>At Newcomen bridge Father Conmee stepped into an outward bound tram
for he disliked to traverse on foot the dingy way past Mud Island.</p>
<p>Father Conmee sat in a corner of the tramcar, a blue ticket tucked
with care in the eye of one plump kid glove, while four shillings, a
sixpence and five pennies chuted from his other plump glovepalm into his
purse. Passing the ivy church he reflected that the ticket inspector
usually made his visit when one had carelessly thrown away the ticket.
The solemnity of the occupants of the car seemed to Father Conmee
excessive for a journey so short and cheap. Father Conmee liked cheerful
decorum.</p>
<p>It was a peaceful day. The gentleman with the glasses opposite Father
Conmee had finished explaining and looked down. His wife, Father Conmee
supposed. A tiny yawn opened the mouth of the wife of the gentleman with
the glasses. She raised her small gloved fist, yawned ever so gently,
tiptapping her small gloved fist on her opening mouth and smiled tinily,
sweetly.</p>
<p>Father Conmee perceived her perfume in the car. He perceived also
that the awkward man at the other side of her was sitting on the edge of
the seat.</p>
<p>Father Conmee at the altarrails placed the host with difficulty in
the mouth of the awkward old man who had the shaky head.</p>
<p>At Annesley bridge the tram halted and, when it was about to go, an
old woman rose suddenly from her place to alight. The conductor pulled
the bellstrap to stay the car for her. She passed out with her basket
and a marketnet: and Father Conmee saw the conductor help her and net
and basket down: and Father Conmee thought that, as she had nearly
passed the end of the penny fare, she was one of those good souls who
had always to be told twice <em>bless you, my child,</em> that they have
been absolved, <em>pray for me.</em> But they had so many worries in
life, so many cares, poor creatures.</p>
<p>From the hoardings Mr Eugene Stratton grimaced with thick niggerlips
at Father Conmee.</p>
<p>Father Conmee thought of the souls of black and brown and yellow men
and of his sermon on saint Peter Claver S. J. and the African mission
and of the propagation of the faith and of the millions of black and
brown and yellow souls that had not received the baptism of water when
their last hour came like a thief in the night. That book by the Belgian
jesuit, <em>Le Nombre des Élus,</em> seemed to Father Conmee a
reasonable plea. Those were millions of human souls created by God in
His Own likeness to whom the faith had not (D.V.) been brought. But they
were God’s souls, created by God. It seemed to Father Conmee a pity that
they should all be lost, a waste, if one might say.</p>
<p>At the Howth road stop Father Conmee alighted, was saluted by the
conductor and saluted in his turn.</p>
<p>The Malahide road was quiet. It pleased Father Conmee, road and name.
The joybells were ringing in gay Malahide. Lord Talbot de Malahide,
immediate hereditary lord admiral of Malahide and the seas adjoining.
Then came the call to arms and she was maid, wife and widow in one day.
Those were old worldish days, loyal times in joyous townlands, old times
in the barony.</p>
<p>Father Conmee, walking, thought of his little book <em>Old Times in
the Barony</em> and of the book that might be written about jesuit
houses and of Mary Rochfort, daughter of lord Molesworth, first countess
of Belvedere.</p>
<p>A listless lady, no more young, walked alone the shore of lough
Ennel, Mary, first countess of Belvedere, listlessly walking in the
evening, not startled when an otter plunged. Who could know the truth?
Not the jealous lord Belvedere and not her confessor if she had not
committed adultery fully, <em>eiaculatio seminis inter vas naturale
mulieris,</em> with her husband’s brother? She would half confess if she
had not all sinned as women did. Only God knew and she and he, her
husband’s brother.</p>
<p>Father Conmee thought of that tyrannous incontinence, needed however
for man’s race on earth, and of the ways of God which were not our
ways.</p>
<p>Don John Conmee walked and moved in times of yore. He was humane and
honoured there. He bore in mind secrets confessed and he smiled at
smiling noble faces in a beeswaxed drawingroom, ceiled with full fruit
clusters. And the hands of a bride and of a bridegroom, noble to noble,
were impalmed by Don John Conmee.</p>
<p>It was a charming day.</p>
<p>The lychgate of a field showed Father Conmee breadths of cabbages,
curtseying to him with ample underleaves. The sky showed him a flock of
small white clouds going slowly down the wind. <em>Moutonner,</em> the
French said. A just and homely word.</p>
<p>Father Conmee, reading his office, watched a flock of muttoning
clouds over Rathcoffey. His thinsocked ankles were tickled by the
stubble of Clongowes field. He walked there, reading in the evening, and
heard the cries of the boys’ lines at their play, young cries in the
quiet evening. He was their rector: his reign was mild.</p>
<p>Father Conmee drew off his gloves and took his rededged breviary out.
An ivory bookmark told him the page.</p>
<p>Nones. He should have read that before lunch. But lady Maxwell had
come.</p>
<p>Father Conmee read in secret <em>Pater</em> and <em>Ave</em> and
crossed his breast. <em>Deus in adiutorium.</em></p>
<p>He walked calmly and read mutely the nones, walking and reading till
he came to <em>Res</em> in <em>Beati immaculati: Principium verborum
tuorum veritas: in eternum omnia iudicia iustitiæ tuæ.</em></p>
<p>A flushed young man came from a gap of a hedge and after him came a
young woman with wild nodding daisies in her hand. The young man raised
his cap abruptly: the young woman abruptly bent and with slow care
detached from her light skirt a clinging twig.</p>
<p>Father Conmee blessed both gravely and turned a thin page of his
breviary. <em>Sin: Principes persecuti sunt me gratis: et a verbis tuis
formidavit cor meum.</em></p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Corny Kelleher closed his long daybook and glanced with his drooping
eye at a pine coffinlid sentried in a corner. He pulled himself erect,
went to it and, spinning it on its axle, viewed its shape and brass
furnishings. Chewing his blade of hay he laid the coffinlid by and came
to the doorway. There he tilted his hatbrim to give shade to his eyes
and leaned against the doorcase, looking idly out.</p>
<p>Father John Conmee stepped into the Dollymount tram on Newcomen
bridge.</p>
<p>Corny Kelleher locked his largefooted boots and gazed, his hat
downtilted, chewing his blade of hay.</p>
<p>Constable 57C, on his beat, stood to pass the time of day.</p>
<p>—That’s a fine day, Mr Kelleher.</p>
<p>—Ay, Corny Kelleher said.</p>
<p>—It’s very close, the constable said.</p>
<p>Corny Kelleher sped a silent jet of hayjuice arching from his mouth
while a generous white arm from a window in Eccles street flung forth a
coin.</p>
<p>—What’s the best news? he asked.</p>
<p>—I seen that particular party last evening, the constable said with
bated breath.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>A onelegged sailor crutched himself round MacConnell’s corner,
skirting Rabaiotti’s icecream car, and jerked himself up Eccles street.
Towards Larry O’Rourke, in shirtsleeves in his doorway, he growled
unamiably:</p>
<p>—<em>For England</em>...</p>
<p>He swung himself violently forward past Katey and Boody Dedalus,
halted and growled:</p>
<p>—<em>home and beauty.</em></p>
<p>J. J. O’Molloy’s white careworn face was told that Mr Lambert was in
the warehouse with a visitor.</p>
<p>A stout lady stopped, took a copper coin from her purse and dropped
it into the cap held out to her. The sailor grumbled thanks, glanced
sourly at the unheeding windows, sank his head and swung himself forward
four strides.</p>
<p>He halted and growled angrily:</p>
<p>—<em>For England</em>...</p>
<p>Two barefoot urchins, sucking long liquorice laces, halted near him,
gaping at his stump with their yellowslobbered mouths.</p>
<p>He swung himself forward in vigorous jerks, halted, lifted his head
towards a window and bayed deeply:</p>
<p>—<em>home and beauty.</em></p>
<p>The gay sweet chirping whistling within went on a bar or two, ceased.
The blind of the window was drawn aside. A card <em>Unfurnished
Apartments</em> slipped from the sash and fell. A plump bare generous
arm shone, was seen, held forth from a white petticoatbodice and taut
shiftstraps. A woman’s hand flung forth a coin over the area railings.
It fell on the path.</p>
<p>One of the urchins ran to it, picked it up and dropped it into the
minstrel’s cap, saying:</p>
<p>—There, sir.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Katey and Boody Dedalus shoved in the door of the closesteaming
kitchen.</p>
<p>—Did you put in the books? Boody asked.</p>
<p>Maggy at the range rammed down a greyish mass beneath bubbling suds
twice with her potstick and wiped her brow.</p>
<p>—They wouldn’t give anything on them, she said.</p>
<p>Father Conmee walked through Clongowes fields, his thinsocked ankles
tickled by stubble.</p>
<p>—Where did you try? Boody asked.</p>
<p>—M’Guinness’s.</p>
<p>Boody stamped her foot and threw her satchel on the table.</p>
<p>—Bad cess to her big face! she cried.</p>
<p>Katey went to the range and peered with squinting eyes.</p>
<p>—What’s in the pot? she asked.</p>
<p>—Shirts, Maggy said.</p>
<p>Boody cried angrily:</p>
<p>—Crickey, is there nothing for us to eat?</p>
<p>Katey, lifting the kettlelid in a pad of her stained skirt,
asked:</p>
<p>—And what’s in this?</p>
<p>A heavy fume gushed in answer.</p>
<p>—Peasoup, Maggy said.</p>
<p>—Where did you get it? Katey asked.</p>
<p>—Sister Mary Patrick, Maggy said.</p>
<p>The lacquey rang his bell.</p>
<p>—Barang!</p>
<p>Boody sat down at the table and said hungrily:</p>
<p>—Give us it here.</p>
<p>Maggy poured yellow thick soup from the kettle into a bowl. Katey,
sitting opposite Boody, said quietly, as her fingertip lifted to her
mouth random crumbs:</p>
<p>—A good job we have that much. Where’s Dilly?</p>
<p>—Gone to meet father, Maggy said.</p>
<p>Boody, breaking big chunks of bread into the yellow soup, added:</p>
<p>—Our father who art not in heaven.</p>
<p>Maggy, pouring yellow soup in Katey’s bowl, exclaimed:</p>
<p>—Boody! For shame!</p>
<p>A skiff, a crumpled throwaway, Elijah is coming, rode lightly down
the Liffey, under Loopline bridge, shooting the rapids where water
chafed around the bridgepiers, sailing eastward past hulls and
anchorchains, between the Customhouse old dock and George’s quay.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>The blond girl in Thornton’s bedded the wicker basket with rustling
fibre. Blazes Boylan handed her the bottle swathed in pink tissue paper
and a small jar.</p>
<p>—Put these in first, will you? he said.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, the blond girl said. And the fruit on top.</p>
<p>—That’ll do, game ball, Blazes Boylan said.</p>
<p>She bestowed fat pears neatly, head by tail, and among them ripe
shamefaced peaches.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan walked here and there in new tan shoes about the
fruitsmelling shop, lifting fruits, young juicy crinkled and plump red
tomatoes, sniffing smells.</p>
<p>H. E. L. Y.’S filed before him, tallwhitehatted, past Tangier lane,
plodding towards their goal.</p>
<p>He turned suddenly from a chip of strawberries, drew a gold watch
from his fob and held it at its chain’s length.</p>
<p>—Can you send them by tram? Now?</p>
<p>A darkbacked figure under Merchants’ arch scanned books on the
hawker’s cart.</p>
<p>—Certainly, sir. Is it in the city?</p>
<p>—O, yes, Blazes Boylan said. Ten minutes.</p>
<p>The blond girl handed him a docket and pencil.</p>
<p>—Will you write the address, sir?</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan at the counter wrote and pushed the docket to her.</p>
<p>—Send it at once, will you? he said. It’s for an invalid.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir. I will, sir.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan rattled merry money in his trousers’ pocket.</p>
<p>—What’s the damage? he asked.</p>
<p>The blond girl’s slim fingers reckoned the fruits.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan looked into the cut of her blouse. A young pullet. He
took a red carnation from the tall stemglass.</p>
<p>—This for me? he asked gallantly.</p>
<p>The blond girl glanced sideways at him, got up regardless, with his
tie a bit crooked, blushing.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, she said.</p>
<p>Bending archly she reckoned again fat pears and blushing peaches.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan looked in her blouse with more favour, the stalk of the
red flower between his smiling teeth.</p>
<p>—May I say a word to your telephone, missy? he asked roguishly.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p><em>—Ma!</em> Almidano Artifoni said.</p>
<p>He gazed over Stephen’s shoulder at Goldsmith’s knobby poll.</p>
<p>Two carfuls of tourists passed slowly, their women sitting fore,
gripping the handrests. Palefaces. Men’s arms frankly round their
stunted forms. They looked from Trinity to the blind columned porch of
the bank of Ireland where pigeons roocoocooed.</p>
<p>—<em>Anch’io ho avuto di queste idee</em>, Almidano Artifoni said,
<em>quand’ ero giovine come Lei. Eppoi mi sono convinto che il mondo è
una bestia. È peccato. Perchè la sua voce... sarebbe un cespite di
rendita, via. Invece, Lei si sacrifica.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Sacrifizio incruento,</em> Stephen said smiling, swaying his
ashplant in slow swingswong from its midpoint, lightly.</p>
<p><em>—Speriamo,</em> the round mustachioed face said pleasantly.
<em>Ma, dia retta a me. Ci rifletta</em>.</p>
<p>By the stern stone hand of Grattan, bidding halt, an Inchicore tram
unloaded straggling Highland soldiers of a band.</p>
<p>—<em>Ci rifletterò,</em> Stephen said, glancing down the solid
trouserleg.</p>
<p>—<em>Ma, sul serio, eh?</em> Almidano Artifoni said.</p>
<p>His heavy hand took Stephen’s firmly. Human eyes. They gazed
curiously an instant and turned quickly towards a Dalkey tram.</p>
<p><em>—Eccolo,</em> Almidano Artifoni said in friendly haste. <em>Venga
a trovarmi e ci pensi. Addio, caro.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Arrivederla, maestro,</em> Stephen said, raising his hat when
his hand was freed. <em>E grazie.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Di che?</em> Almidano Artifoni said. <em>Scusi, eh? Tante belle
cose!</em></p>
<p>Almidano Artifoni, holding up a baton of rolled music as a signal,
trotted on stout trousers after the Dalkey tram. In vain he trotted,
signalling in vain among the rout of barekneed gillies smuggling
implements of music through Trinity gates.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Miss Dunne hid the Capel street library copy of <em>The Woman in
White</em> far back in her drawer and rolled a sheet of gaudy notepaper
into her typewriter.</p>
<p>Too much mystery business in it. Is he in love with that one, Marion?
Change it and get another by Mary Cecil Haye.</p>
<p>The disk shot down the groove, wobbled a while, ceased and ogled
them: six.</p>
<p>Miss Dunne clicked on the keyboard:</p>
<p>—16 June 1904.</p>
<p>Five tallwhitehatted sandwichmen between Monypeny’s corner and the
slab where Wolfe Tone’s statue was not, eeled themselves turning H. E.
L. Y.’S and plodded back as they had come.</p>
<p>Then she stared at the large poster of Marie Kendall, charming
soubrette, and, listlessly lolling, scribbled on the jotter sixteens and
capital esses. Mustard hair and dauby cheeks. She’s not nicelooking, is
she? The way she’s holding up her bit of a skirt. Wonder will that
fellow be at the band tonight. If I could get that dressmaker to make a
concertina skirt like Susy Nagle’s. They kick out grand. Shannon and all
the boatclub swells never took his eyes off her. Hope to goodness he
won’t keep me here till seven.</p>
<p>The telephone rang rudely by her ear.</p>
<p>—Hello. Yes, sir. No, sir. Yes, sir. I’ll ring them up after five.
Only those two, sir, for Belfast and Liverpool. All right, sir. Then I
can go after six if you’re not back. A quarter after. Yes, sir.
Twentyseven and six. I’ll tell him. Yes: one, seven, six.</p>
<p>She scribbled three figures on an envelope.</p>
<p>—Mr Boylan! Hello! That gentleman from <em>Sport</em> was in looking
for you. Mr Lenehan, yes. He said he’ll be in the Ormond at four. No,
sir. Yes, sir. I’ll ring them up after five.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Two pink faces turned in the flare of the tiny torch.</p>
<p>—Who’s that? Ned Lambert asked. Is that Crotty?</p>
<p>—Ringabella and Crosshaven, a voice replied groping for foothold.</p>
<p>—Hello, Jack, is that yourself? Ned Lambert said, raising in salute
his pliant lath among the flickering arches. Come on. Mind your steps
there.</p>
<p>The vesta in the clergyman’s uplifted hand consumed itself in a long
soft flame and was let fall. At their feet its red speck died: and
mouldy air closed round them.</p>
<p>—How interesting! a refined accent said in the gloom.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, Ned Lambert said heartily. We are standing in the historic
council chamber of saint Mary’s abbey where silken Thomas proclaimed
himself a rebel in 1534. This is the most historic spot in all Dublin.
O’Madden Burke is going to write something about it one of these days.
The old bank of Ireland was over the way till the time of the union and
the original jews’ temple was here too before they built their synagogue
over in Adelaide road. You were never here before, Jack, were you?</p>
<p>—No, Ned.</p>
<p>—He rode down through Dame walk, the refined accent said, if my
memory serves me. The mansion of the Kildares was in Thomas court.</p>
<p>—That’s right, Ned Lambert said. That’s quite right, sir.</p>
<p>—If you will be so kind then, the clergyman said, the next time to
allow me perhaps...</p>
<p>—Certainly, Ned Lambert said. Bring the camera whenever you like.
I’ll get those bags cleared away from the windows. You can take it from
here or from here.</p>
<p>In the still faint light he moved about, tapping with his lath the
piled seedbags and points of vantage on the floor.</p>
<p>From a long face a beard and gaze hung on a chessboard.</p>
<p>—I’m deeply obliged, Mr Lambert, the clergyman said. I won’t trespass
on your valuable time...</p>
<p>—You’re welcome, sir, Ned Lambert said. Drop in whenever you like.
Next week, say. Can you see?</p>
<p>—Yes, yes. Good afternoon, Mr Lambert. Very pleased to have met
you.</p>
<p>—Pleasure is mine, sir, Ned Lambert answered.</p>
<p>He followed his guest to the outlet and then whirled his lath away
among the pillars. With J. J. O’Molloy he came forth slowly into Mary’s
abbey where draymen were loading floats with sacks of carob and palmnut
meal, O’Connor, Wexford.</p>
<p>He stood to read the card in his hand.</p>
<p>—The reverend Hugh C. Love, Rathcoffey. Present address: Saint
Michael’s, Sallins. Nice young chap he is. He’s writing a book about the
Fitzgeralds he told me. He’s well up in history, faith.</p>
<p>The young woman with slow care detached from her light skirt a
clinging twig.</p>
<p>—I thought you were at a new gunpowder plot, J. J. O’Molloy said.</p>
<p>Ned Lambert cracked his fingers in the air.</p>
<p>—God! he cried. I forgot to tell him that one about the earl of
Kildare after he set fire to Cashel cathedral. You know that one?
<em>I’m bloody sorry I did it,</em> says he, <em>but I declare to God I
thought the archbishop was inside.</em> He mightn’t like it, though.
What? God, I’ll tell him anyhow. That was the great earl, the Fitzgerald
Mor. Hot members they were all of them, the Geraldines.</p>
<p>The horses he passed started nervously under their slack harness. He
slapped a piebald haunch quivering near him and cried:</p>
<p>—Woa, sonny!</p>
<p>He turned to J. J. O’Molloy and asked:</p>
<p>—Well, Jack. What is it? What’s the trouble? Wait awhile. Hold
hard.</p>
<p>With gaping mouth and head far back he stood still and, after an
instant, sneezed loudly.</p>
<p>—Chow! he said. Blast you!</p>
<p>—The dust from those sacks, J. J. O’Molloy said politely.</p>
<p>—No, Ned Lambert gasped, I caught a... cold night before... blast
your soul... night before last... and there was a hell of a lot of
draught...</p>
<p>He held his handkerchief ready for the coming...</p>
<p>—I was... Glasnevin this morning... poor little... what do you call
him... Chow!... Mother of Moses!</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Tom Rochford took the top disk from the pile he clasped against his
claret waistcoat.</p>
<p>—See? he said. Say it’s turn six. In here, see. Turn Now On.</p>
<p>He slid it into the left slot for them. It shot down the groove,
wobbled a while, ceased, ogling them: six.</p>
<p>Lawyers of the past, haughty, pleading, beheld pass from the
consolidated taxing office to Nisi Prius court Richie Goulding carrying
the costbag of Goulding, Collis and Ward and heard rustling from the
admiralty division of king’s bench to the court of appeal an elderly
female with false teeth smiling incredulously and a black silk skirt of
great amplitude.</p>
<p>—See? he said. See now the last one I put in is over here: Turns
Over. The impact. Leverage, see?</p>
<p>He showed them the rising column of disks on the right.</p>
<p>—Smart idea, Nosey Flynn said, snuffling. So a fellow coming in late
can see what turn is on and what turns are over.</p>
<p>—See? Tom Rochford said.</p>
<p>He slid in a disk for himself: and watched it shoot, wobble, ogle,
stop: four. Turn Now On.</p>
<p>—I’ll see him now in the Ormond, Lenehan said, and sound him. One
good turn deserves another.</p>
<p>—Do, Tom Rochford said. Tell him I’m Boylan with impatience.</p>
<p>—Goodnight, M’Coy said abruptly. When you two begin...</p>
<p>Nosey Flynn stooped towards the lever, snuffling at it.</p>
<p>—But how does it work here, Tommy? he asked.</p>
<p>—Tooraloo, Lenehan said. See you later.</p>
<p>He followed M’Coy out across the tiny square of Crampton court.</p>
<p>—He’s a hero, he said simply.</p>
<p>—I know, M’Coy said. The drain, you mean.</p>
<p>—Drain? Lenehan said. It was down a manhole.</p>
<p>They passed Dan Lowry’s musichall where Marie Kendall, charming
soubrette, smiled on them from a poster a dauby smile.</p>
<p>Going down the path of Sycamore street beside the Empire musichall
Lenehan showed M’Coy how the whole thing was. One of those manholes like
a bloody gaspipe and there was the poor devil stuck down in it, half
choked with sewer gas. Down went Tom Rochford anyhow, booky’s vest and
all, with the rope round him. And be damned but he got the rope round
the poor devil and the two were hauled up.</p>
<p>—The act of a hero, he said.</p>
<p>At the Dolphin they halted to allow the ambulance car to gallop past
them for Jervis street.</p>
<p>—This way, he said, walking to the right. I want to pop into Lynam’s
to see Sceptre’s starting price. What’s the time by your gold watch and
chain?</p>
<p>M’Coy peered into Marcus Tertius Moses’ sombre office, then at
O’Neill’s clock.</p>
<p>—After three, he said. Who’s riding her?</p>
<p>—O. Madden, Lenehan said. And a game filly she is.</p>
<p>While he waited in Temple bar M’Coy dodged a banana peel with gentle
pushes of his toe from the path to the gutter. Fellow might damn easy
get a nasty fall there coming along tight in the dark.</p>
<p>The gates of the drive opened wide to give egress to the viceregal
cavalcade.</p>
<p>—Even money, Lenehan said returning. I knocked against Bantam Lyons
in there going to back a bloody horse someone gave him that hasn’t an
earthly. Through here.</p>
<p>They went up the steps and under Merchants’ arch. A darkbacked figure
scanned books on the hawker’s cart.</p>
<p>—There he is, Lenehan said.</p>
<p>—Wonder what he’s buying, M’Coy said, glancing behind.</p>
<p>—<em>Leopoldo or the Bloom is on the Rye,</em> Lenehan said.</p>
<p>—He’s dead nuts on sales, M’Coy said. I was with him one day and he
bought a book from an old one in Liffey street for two bob. There were
fine plates in it worth double the money, the stars and the moon and
comets with long tails. Astronomy it was about.</p>
<p>Lenehan laughed.</p>
<p>—I’ll tell you a damn good one about comets’ tails, he said. Come
over in the sun.</p>
<p>They crossed to the metal bridge and went along Wellington quay by
the riverwall.</p>
<p>Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam came out of Mangan’s, late
Fehrenbach’s, carrying a pound and a half of porksteaks.</p>
<p>—There was a long spread out at Glencree reformatory, Lenehan said
eagerly. The annual dinner, you know. Boiled shirt affair. The lord
mayor was there, Val Dillon it was, and sir Charles Cameron and Dan
Dawson spoke and there was music. Bartell d’Arcy sang and Benjamin
Dollard...</p>
<p>—I know, M’Coy broke in. My missus sang there once.</p>
<p>—Did she? Lenehan said.</p>
<p>A card <em>Unfurnished Apartments</em> reappeared on the windowsash
of number 7 Eccles street.</p>
<p>He checked his tale a moment but broke out in a wheezy laugh.</p>
<p>—But wait till I tell you, he said. Delahunt of Camden street had the
catering and yours truly was chief bottlewasher. Bloom and the wife were
there. Lashings of stuff we put up: port wine and sherry and curacoa to
which we did ample justice. Fast and furious it was. After liquids came
solids. Cold joints galore and mince pies...</p>
<p>—I know, M’Coy said. The year the missus was there...</p>
<p>Lenehan linked his arm warmly.</p>
<p>—But wait till I tell you, he said. We had a midnight lunch too after
all the jollification and when we sallied forth it was blue o’clock the
morning after the night before. Coming home it was a gorgeous winter’s
night on the Featherbed Mountain. Bloom and Chris Callinan were on one
side of the car and I was with the wife on the other. We started singing
glees and duets: <em>Lo, the early beam of morning</em>. She was well
primed with a good load of Delahunt’s port under her bellyband. Every
jolt the bloody car gave I had her bumping up against me. Hell’s
delights! She has a fine pair, God bless her. Like that.</p>
<p>He held his caved hands a cubit from him, frowning:</p>
<p>—I was tucking the rug under her and settling her boa all the time.
Know what I mean?</p>
<p>His hands moulded ample curves of air. He shut his eyes tight in
delight, his body shrinking, and blew a sweet chirp from his lips.</p>
<p>—The lad stood to attention anyhow, he said with a sigh. She’s a
gamey mare and no mistake. Bloom was pointing out all the stars and the
comets in the heavens to Chris Callinan and the jarvey: the great bear
and Hercules and the dragon, and the whole jingbang lot. But, by God, I
was lost, so to speak, in the milky way. He knows them all, faith. At
last she spotted a weeny weeshy one miles away. <em>And what star is
that, Poldy?</em> says she. By God, she had Bloom cornered. <em>That
one, is it?</em> says Chris Callinan, <em>sure that’s only what you
might call a pinprick.</em> By God, he wasn’t far wide of the mark.</p>
<p>Lenehan stopped and leaned on the riverwall, panting with soft
laughter.</p>
<p>—I’m weak, he gasped.</p>
<p>M’Coy’s white face smiled about it at instants and grew grave.
Lenehan walked on again. He lifted his yachtingcap and scratched his
hindhead rapidly. He glanced sideways in the sunlight at M’Coy.</p>
<p>—He’s a cultured allroundman, Bloom is, he said seriously. He’s not
one of your common or garden... you know... There’s a touch of the
artist about old Bloom.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Mr Bloom turned over idly pages of <em>The Awful Disclosures of Maria
Monk</em>, then of Aristotle’s <em>Masterpiece.</em> Crooked botched
print. Plates: infants cuddled in a ball in bloodred wombs like livers
of slaughtered cows. Lots of them like that at this moment all over the
world. All butting with their skulls to get out of it. Child born every
minute somewhere. Mrs Purefoy.</p>
<p>He laid both books aside and glanced at the third: <em>Tales of the
Ghetto</em> by Leopold von Sacher Masoch.</p>
<p>—That I had, he said, pushing it by.</p>
<p>The shopman let two volumes fall on the counter.</p>
<p>—Them are two good ones, he said.</p>
<p>Onions of his breath came across the counter out of his ruined mouth.
He bent to make a bundle of the other books, hugged them against his
unbuttoned waistcoat and bore them off behind the dingy curtain.</p>
<p>On O’Connell bridge many persons observed the grave deportment and
gay apparel of Mr Denis J Maginni, professor of dancing &amp;c.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, alone, looked at the titles. <em>Fair Tyrants</em> by James
Lovebirch. Know the kind that is. Had it? Yes.</p>
<p>He opened it. Thought so.</p>
<p>A woman’s voice behind the dingy curtain. Listen: the man.</p>
<p>No: she wouldn’t like that much. Got her it once.</p>
<p>He read the other title: <em>Sweets of Sin</em>. More in her line.
Let us see.</p>
<p>He read where his finger opened.</p>
<p><em>—All the dollarbills her husband gave her were spent in the
stores on wondrous gowns and costliest frillies. For him! For
Raoul!</em></p>
<p>Yes. This. Here. Try.</p>
<p>—<em>Her mouth glued on his in a luscious voluptuous kiss while his
hands felt for the opulent curves inside her déshabillé.</em></p>
<p>Yes. Take this. The end.</p>
<p>—You are late, he spoke hoarsely, eying her with a suspicious
glare.</p>
<p>The beautiful woman threw off her sabletrimmed wrap, displaying her
queenly shoulders and heaving embonpoint. An imperceptible smile played
round her perfect lips as she turned to him calmly.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom read again: <em>The beautiful woman.</em></p>
<p>Warmth showered gently over him, cowing his flesh. Flesh yielded
amply amid rumpled clothes: whites of eyes swooning up. His nostrils
arched themselves for prey. Melting breast ointments (<em>for him! For
Raoul!</em>). Armpits’ oniony sweat. Fishgluey slime (<em>her heaving
embonpoint!</em>). Feel! Press! Crished! Sulphur dung of lions!</p>
<p>Young! Young!</p>
<p>An elderly female, no more young, left the building of the courts of
chancery, king’s bench, exchequer and common pleas, having heard in the
lord chancellor’s court the case in lunacy of Potterton, in the
admiralty division the summons, exparte motion, of the owners of the
Lady Cairns versus the owners of the barque Mona, in the court of appeal
reservation of judgment in the case of Harvey versus the Ocean Accident
and Guarantee Corporation.</p>
<p>Phlegmy coughs shook the air of the bookshop, bulging out the dingy
curtains. The shopman’s uncombed grey head came out and his unshaven
reddened face, coughing. He raked his throat rudely, puked phlegm on the
floor. He put his boot on what he had spat, wiping his sole along it,
and bent, showing a rawskinned crown, scantily haired.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom beheld it.</p>
<p>Mastering his troubled breath, he said:</p>
<p>—I’ll take this one.</p>
<p>The shopman lifted eyes bleared with old rheum.</p>
<p>—<em>Sweets of Sin,</em> he said, tapping on it. That’s a good
one.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>The lacquey by the door of Dillon’s auctionrooms shook his handbell
twice again and viewed himself in the chalked mirror of the cabinet.</p>
<p>Dilly Dedalus, loitering by the curbstone, heard the beats of the
bell, the cries of the auctioneer within. Four and nine. Those lovely
curtains. Five shillings. Cosy curtains. Selling new at two guineas. Any
advance on five shillings? Going for five shillings.</p>
<p>The lacquey lifted his handbell and shook it:</p>
<p>—Barang!</p>
<p>Bang of the lastlap bell spurred the halfmile wheelmen to their
sprint. J. A. Jackson, W. E. Wylie, A. Munro and H. T. Gahan, their
stretched necks wagging, negotiated the curve by the College
library.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus, tugging a long moustache, came round from Williams’s row.
He halted near his daughter.</p>
<p>—It’s time for you, she said.</p>
<p>—Stand up straight for the love of the lord Jesus, Mr Dedalus said.
Are you trying to imitate your uncle John, the cornetplayer, head upon
shoulder? Melancholy God!</p>
<p>Dilly shrugged her shoulders. Mr Dedalus placed his hands on them and
held them back.</p>
<p>—Stand up straight, girl, he said. You’ll get curvature of the spine.
Do you know what you look like?</p>
<p>He let his head sink suddenly down and forward, hunching his
shoulders and dropping his underjaw.</p>
<p>—Give it up, father, Dilly said. All the people are looking at
you.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus drew himself upright and tugged again at his
moustache.</p>
<p>—Did you get any money? Dilly asked.</p>
<p>—Where would I get money? Mr Dedalus said. There is no-one in Dublin
would lend me fourpence.</p>
<p>—You got some, Dilly said, looking in his eyes.</p>
<p>—How do you know that? Mr Dedalus asked, his tongue in his cheek.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan, pleased with the order he had booked, walked boldly along
James’s street.</p>
<p>—I know you did, Dilly answered. Were you in the Scotch house
now?</p>
<p>—I was not, then, Mr Dedalus said, smiling. Was it the little nuns
taught you to be so saucy? Here.</p>
<p>He handed her a shilling.</p>
<p>—See if you can do anything with that, he said.</p>
<p>—I suppose you got five, Dilly said. Give me more than that.</p>
<p>—Wait awhile, Mr Dedalus said threateningly. You’re like the rest of
them, are you? An insolent pack of little bitches since your poor mother
died. But wait awhile. You’ll all get a short shrift and a long day from
me. Low blackguardism! I’m going to get rid of you. Wouldn’t care if I
was stretched out stiff. He’s dead. The man upstairs is dead.</p>
<p>He left her and walked on. Dilly followed quickly and pulled his
coat.</p>
<p>—Well, what is it? he said, stopping.</p>
<p>The lacquey rang his bell behind their backs.</p>
<p>—Barang!</p>
<p>—Curse your bloody blatant soul, Mr Dedalus cried, turning on
him.</p>
<p>The lacquey, aware of comment, shook the lolling clapper of his bell
but feebly:</p>
<p>—Bang!</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus stared at him.</p>
<p>—Watch him, he said. It’s instructive. I wonder will he allow us to
talk.</p>
<p>—You got more than that, father, Dilly said.</p>
<p>—I’m going to show you a little trick, Mr Dedalus said. I’ll leave
you all where Jesus left the jews. Look, there’s all I have. I got two
shillings from Jack Power and I spent twopence for a shave for the
funeral.</p>
<p>He drew forth a handful of copper coins, nervously.</p>
<p>—Can’t you look for some money somewhere? Dilly said.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus thought and nodded.</p>
<p>—I will, he said gravely. I looked all along the gutter in O’Connell
street. I’ll try this one now.</p>
<p>—You’re very funny, Dilly said, grinning.</p>
<p>—Here, Mr Dedalus said, handing her two pennies. Get a glass of milk
for yourself and a bun or a something. I’ll be home shortly.</p>
<p>He put the other coins in his pocket and started to walk on.</p>
<p>The viceregal cavalcade passed, greeted by obsequious policemen, out
of Parkgate.</p>
<p>—I’m sure you have another shilling, Dilly said.</p>
<p>The lacquey banged loudly.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus amid the din walked off, murmuring to himself with a
pursing mincing mouth gently:</p>
<p>—The little nuns! Nice little things! O, sure they wouldn’t do
anything! O, sure they wouldn’t really! Is it little sister Monica!</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>From the sundial towards James’s gate walked Mr Kernan, pleased with
the order he had booked for Pulbrook Robertson, boldly along James’s
street, past Shackleton’s offices. Got round him all right. How do you
do, Mr Crimmins? First rate, sir. I was afraid you might be up in your
other establishment in Pimlico. How are things going? Just keeping
alive. Lovely weather we’re having. Yes, indeed. Good for the country.
Those farmers are always grumbling. I’ll just take a thimbleful of your
best gin, Mr Crimmins. A small gin, sir. Yes, sir. Terrible affair that
<em>General Slocum</em> explosion. Terrible, terrible! A thousand
casualties. And heartrending scenes. Men trampling down women and
children. Most brutal thing. What do they say was the cause? Spontaneous
combustion. Most scandalous revelation. Not a single lifeboat would
float and the firehose all burst. What I can’t understand is how the
inspectors ever allowed a boat like that... Now, you’re talking
straight, Mr Crimmins. You know why? Palm oil. Is that a fact? Without a
doubt. Well now, look at that. And America they say is the land of the
free. I thought we were bad here.</p>
<p>I smiled at him. <em>America,</em> I said quietly, just like that.
<em>What is it? The sweepings of every country including our own. Isn’t
that true?</em> That’s a fact.</p>
<p>Graft, my dear sir. Well, of course, where there’s money going
there’s always someone to pick it up.</p>
<p>Saw him looking at my frockcoat. Dress does it. Nothing like a dressy
appearance. Bowls them over.</p>
<p>—Hello, Simon, Father Cowley said. How are things?</p>
<p>—Hello, Bob, old man, Mr Dedalus answered, stopping.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan halted and preened himself before the sloping mirror of
Peter Kennedy, hairdresser. Stylish coat, beyond a doubt. Scott of
Dawson street. Well worth the half sovereign I gave Neary for it. Never
built under three guineas. Fits me down to the ground. Some Kildare
street club toff had it probably. John Mulligan, the manager of the
Hibernian bank, gave me a very sharp eye yesterday on Carlisle bridge as
if he remembered me.</p>
<p>Aham! Must dress the character for those fellows. Knight of the road.
Gentleman. And now, Mr Crimmins, may we have the honour of your custom
again, sir. The cup that cheers but not inebriates, as the old saying
has it.</p>
<p>North wall and sir John Rogerson’s quay, with hulls and anchorchains,
sailing westward, sailed by a skiff, a crumpled throwaway, rocked on the
ferrywash, Elijah is coming.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan glanced in farewell at his image. High colour, of course.
Grizzled moustache. Returned Indian officer. Bravely he bore his stumpy
body forward on spatted feet, squaring his shoulders. Is that Ned
Lambert’s brother over the way, Sam? What? Yes. He’s as like it as damn
it. No. The windscreen of that motorcar in the sun there. Just a flash
like that. Damn like him.</p>
<p>Aham! Hot spirit of juniper juice warmed his vitals and his breath.
Good drop of gin, that was. His frocktails winked in bright sunshine to
his fat strut.</p>
<p>Down there Emmet was hanged, drawn and quartered. Greasy black rope.
Dogs licking the blood off the street when the lord lieutenant’s wife
drove by in her noddy.</p>
<p>Bad times those were. Well, well. Over and done with. Great topers
too. Fourbottle men.</p>
<p>Let me see. Is he buried in saint Michan’s? Or no, there was a
midnight burial in Glasnevin. Corpse brought in through a secret door in
the wall. Dignam is there now. Went out in a puff. Well, well. Better
turn down here. Make a detour.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan turned and walked down the slope of Watling street by the
corner of Guinness’s visitors’ waitingroom. Outside the Dublin
Distillers Company’s stores an outside car without fare or jarvey stood,
the reins knotted to the wheel. Damn dangerous thing. Some Tipperary
bosthoon endangering the lives of the citizens. Runaway horse.</p>
<p>Denis Breen with his tomes, weary of having waited an hour in John
Henry Menton’s office, led his wife over O’Connell bridge, bound for the
office of Messrs Collis and Ward.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan approached Island street.</p>
<p>Times of the troubles. Must ask Ned Lambert to lend me those
reminiscences of sir Jonah Barrington. When you look back on it all now
in a kind of retrospective arrangement. Gaming at Daly’s. No
cardsharping then. One of those fellows got his hand nailed to the table
by a dagger. Somewhere here lord Edward Fitzgerald escaped from major
Sirr. Stables behind Moira house.</p>
<p>Damn good gin that was.</p>
<p>Fine dashing young nobleman. Good stock, of course. That ruffian,
that sham squire, with his violet gloves gave him away. Course they were
on the wrong side. They rose in dark and evil days. Fine poem that is:
Ingram. They were gentlemen. Ben Dollard does sing that ballad
touchingly. Masterly rendition.</p>
<p><em>At the siege of Ross did my father fall.</em></p>
<p>A cavalcade in easy trot along Pembroke quay passed, outriders
leaping, leaping in their, in their saddles. Frockcoats. Cream
sunshades.</p>
<p>Mr Kernan hurried forward, blowing pursily.</p>
<p>His Excellency! Too bad! Just missed that by a hair. Damn it! What a
pity!</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Stephen Dedalus watched through the webbed window the lapidary’s
fingers prove a timedulled chain. Dust webbed the window and the
showtrays. Dust darkened the toiling fingers with their vulture nails.
Dust slept on dull coils of bronze and silver, lozenges of cinnabar, on
rubies, leprous and winedark stones.</p>
<p>Born all in the dark wormy earth, cold specks of fire, evil, lights
shining in the darkness. Where fallen archangels flung the stars of
their brows. Muddy swinesnouts, hands, root and root, gripe and wrest
them.</p>
<p>She dances in a foul gloom where gum bums with garlic. A sailorman,
rustbearded, sips from a beaker rum and eyes her. A long and seafed
silent rut. She dances, capers, wagging her sowish haunches and her
hips, on her gross belly flapping a ruby egg.</p>
<p>Old Russell with a smeared shammy rag burnished again his gem, turned
it and held it at the point of his Moses’ beard. Grandfather ape
gloating on a stolen hoard.</p>
<p>And you who wrest old images from the burial earth? The brainsick
words of sophists: Antisthenes. A lore of drugs. Orient and immortal
wheat standing from everlasting to everlasting.</p>
<p>Two old women fresh from their whiff of the briny trudged through
Irishtown along London bridge road, one with a sanded tired umbrella,
one with a midwife’s bag in which eleven cockles rolled.</p>
<p>The whirr of flapping leathern bands and hum of dynamos from the
powerhouse urged Stephen to be on. Beingless beings. Stop! Throb always
without you and the throb always within. Your heart you sing of. I
between them. Where? Between two roaring worlds where they swirl, I.
Shatter them, one and both. But stun myself too in the blow. Shatter me
you who can. Bawd and butcher were the words. I say! Not yet awhile. A
look around.</p>
<p>Yes, quite true. Very large and wonderful and keeps famous time. You
say right, sir. A Monday morning, ’twas so, indeed.</p>
<p>Stephen went down Bedford row, the handle of the ash clacking against
his shoulderblade. In Clohissey’s window a faded 1860 print of Heenan
boxing Sayers held his eye. Staring backers with square hats stood round
the roped prizering. The heavyweights in tight loincloths proposed
gently each to other his bulbous fists. And they are throbbing: heroes’
hearts.</p>
<p>He turned and halted by the slanted bookcart.</p>
<p>—Twopence each, the huckster said. Four for sixpence.</p>
<p>Tattered pages. <em>The Irish Beekeeper. Life and Miracles of the
Curé of Ars. Pocket Guide to Killarney.</em></p>
<p>I might find here one of my pawned schoolprizes. <em>Stephano Dedalo,
alumno optimo, palmam ferenti.</em></p>
<p>Father Conmee, having read his little hours, walked through the
hamlet of Donnycarney, murmuring vespers.</p>
<p>Binding too good probably. What is this? Eighth and ninth book of
Moses. Secret of all secrets. Seal of King David. Thumbed pages: read
and read. Who has passed here before me? How to soften chapped hands.
Recipe for white wine vinegar. How to win a woman’s love. For me this.
Say the following talisman three times with hands folded:</p>
<p>—<em>Se el yilo nebrakada femininum! Amor me solo! Sanktus!
Amen.</em></p>
<p>Who wrote this? Charms and invocations of the most blessed abbot
Peter Salanka to all true believers divulged. As good as any other
abbot’s charms, as mumbling Joachim’s. Down, baldynoddle, or we’ll wool
your wool.</p>
<p>—What are you doing here, Stephen?</p>
<p>Dilly’s high shoulders and shabby dress.</p>
<p>Shut the book quick. Don’t let see.</p>
<p>—What are you doing? Stephen said.</p>
<p>A Stuart face of nonesuch Charles, lank locks falling at its sides.
It glowed as she crouched feeding the fire with broken boots. I told her
of Paris. Late lieabed under a quilt of old overcoats, fingering a
pinchbeck bracelet, Dan Kelly’s token. <em>Nebrakada femininum.</em></p>
<p>—What have you there? Stephen asked.</p>
<p>—I bought it from the other cart for a penny, Dilly said, laughing
nervously. Is it any good?</p>
<p>My eyes they say she has. Do others see me so? Quick, far and daring.
Shadow of my mind.</p>
<p>He took the coverless book from her hand. Chardenal’s French
primer.</p>
<p>—What did you buy that for? he asked. To learn French?</p>
<p>She nodded, reddening and closing tight her lips.</p>
<p>Show no surprise. Quite natural.</p>
<p>—Here, Stephen said. It’s all right. Mind Maggy doesn’t pawn it on
you. I suppose all my books are gone.</p>
<p>—Some, Dilly said. We had to.</p>
<p>She is drowning. Agenbite. Save her. Agenbite. All against us. She
will drown me with her, eyes and hair. Lank coils of seaweed hair around
me, my heart, my soul. Salt green death.</p>
<p>We.</p>
<p>Agenbite of inwit. Inwit’s agenbite.</p>
<p>Misery! Misery!</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>—Hello, Simon, Father Cowley said. How are things?</p>
<p>—Hello, Bob, old man, Mr Dedalus answered, stopping.</p>
<p>They clasped hands loudly outside Reddy and Daughter’s. Father Cowley
brushed his moustache often downward with a scooping hand.</p>
<p>—What’s the best news? Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>—Why then not much, Father Cowley said. I’m barricaded up, Simon,
with two men prowling around the house trying to effect an entrance.</p>
<p>—Jolly, Mr Dedalus said. Who is it?</p>
<p>—O, Father Cowley said. A certain gombeen man of our
acquaintance.</p>
<p>—With a broken back, is it? Mr Dedalus asked.</p>
<p>—The same, Simon, Father Cowley answered. Reuben of that ilk. I’m
just waiting for Ben Dollard. He’s going to say a word to long John to
get him to take those two men off. All I want is a little time.</p>
<p>He looked with vague hope up and down the quay, a big apple bulging
in his neck.</p>
<p>—I know, Mr Dedalus said, nodding. Poor old bockedy Ben! He’s always
doing a good turn for someone. Hold hard!</p>
<p>He put on his glasses and gazed towards the metal bridge an
instant.</p>
<p>—There he is, by God, he said, arse and pockets.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard’s loose blue cutaway and square hat above large slops
crossed the quay in full gait from the metal bridge. He came towards
them at an amble, scratching actively behind his coattails.</p>
<p>As he came near Mr Dedalus greeted:</p>
<p>—Hold that fellow with the bad trousers.</p>
<p>—Hold him now, Ben Dollard said.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus eyed with cold wandering scorn various points of Ben
Dollard’s figure. Then, turning to Father Cowley with a nod, he muttered
sneeringly:</p>
<p>—That’s a pretty garment, isn’t it, for a summer’s day?</p>
<p>—Why, God eternally curse your soul, Ben Dollard growled furiously, I
threw out more clothes in my time than you ever saw.</p>
<p>He stood beside them beaming, on them first and on his roomy clothes
from points of which Mr Dedalus flicked fluff, saying:</p>
<p>—They were made for a man in his health, Ben, anyhow.</p>
<p>—Bad luck to the jewman that made them, Ben Dollard said. Thanks be
to God he’s not paid yet.</p>
<p>—And how is that <em>basso profondo</em>, Benjamin? Father Cowley
asked.</p>
<p>Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, murmuring,
glassyeyed, strode past the Kildare street club.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard frowned and, making suddenly a chanter’s mouth, gave
forth a deep note.</p>
<p>—Aw! he said.</p>
<p>—That’s the style, Mr Dedalus said, nodding to its drone.</p>
<p>—What about that? Ben Dollard said. Not too dusty? What?</p>
<p>He turned to both.</p>
<p>—That’ll do, Father Cowley said, nodding also.</p>
<p>The reverend Hugh C. Love walked from the old chapterhouse of saint
Mary’s abbey past James and Charles Kennedy’s, rectifiers, attended by
Geraldines tall and personable, towards the Tholsel beyond the ford of
hurdles.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard with a heavy list towards the shopfronts led them
forward, his joyful fingers in the air.</p>
<p>—Come along with me to the subsheriff’s office, he said. I want to
show you the new beauty Rock has for a bailiff. He’s a cross between
Lobengula and Lynchehaun. He’s well worth seeing, mind you. Come along.
I saw John Henry Menton casually in the Bodega just now and it will cost
me a fall if I don’t... Wait awhile... We’re on the right lay, Bob,
believe you me.</p>
<p>—For a few days tell him, Father Cowley said anxiously.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard halted and stared, his loud orifice open, a dangling
button of his coat wagging brightbacked from its thread as he wiped away
the heavy shraums that clogged his eyes to hear aright.</p>
<p>—What few days? he boomed. Hasn’t your landlord distrained for
rent?</p>
<p>—He has, Father Cowley said.</p>
<p>—Then our friend’s writ is not worth the paper it’s printed on, Ben
Dollard said. The landlord has the prior claim. I gave him all the
particulars. 29 Windsor avenue. Love is the name?</p>
<p>—That’s right, Father Cowley said. The reverend Mr Love. He’s a
minister in the country somewhere. But are you sure of that?</p>
<p>—You can tell Barabbas from me, Ben Dollard said, that he can put
that writ where Jacko put the nuts.</p>
<p>He led Father Cowley boldly forward, linked to his bulk.</p>
<p>—Filberts I believe they were, Mr Dedalus said, as he dropped his
glasses on his coatfront, following them.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>—The youngster will be all right, Martin Cunningham said, as they
passed out of the Castleyard gate.</p>
<p>The policeman touched his forehead.</p>
<p>—God bless you, Martin Cunningham said, cheerily.</p>
<p>He signed to the waiting jarvey who chucked at the reins and set on
towards Lord Edward street.</p>
<p>Bronze by gold, Miss Kennedy’s head by Miss Douce’s head, appeared
above the crossblind of the Ormond hotel.</p>
<p>—Yes, Martin Cunningham said, fingering his beard. I wrote to Father
Conmee and laid the whole case before him.</p>
<p>—You could try our friend, Mr Power suggested backward.</p>
<p>—Boyd? Martin Cunningham said shortly. Touch me not.</p>
<p>John Wyse Nolan, lagging behind, reading the list, came after them
quickly down Cork hill.</p>
<p>On the steps of the City hall Councillor Nannetti, descending, hailed
Alderman Cowley and Councillor Abraham Lyon ascending.</p>
<p>The castle car wheeled empty into upper Exchange street.</p>
<p>—Look here, Martin, John Wyse Nolan said, overtaking them at the
<em>Mail</em> office. I see Bloom put his name down for five
shillings.</p>
<p>—Quite right, Martin Cunningham said, taking the list. And put down
the five shillings too.</p>
<p>—Without a second word either, Mr Power said.</p>
<p>—Strange but true, Martin Cunningham added.</p>
<p>John Wyse Nolan opened wide eyes.</p>
<p>—I’ll say there is much kindness in the jew, he quoted,
elegantly.</p>
<p>They went down Parliament street.</p>
<p>—There’s Jimmy Henry, Mr Power said, just heading for Kavanagh’s.</p>
<p>—Righto, Martin Cunningham said. Here goes.</p>
<p>Outside <em>la Maison Claire</em> Blazes Boylan waylaid Jack Mooney’s
brother-in-law, humpy, tight, making for the liberties.</p>
<p>John Wyse Nolan fell back with Mr Power, while Martin Cunningham took
the elbow of a dapper little man in a shower of hail suit, who walked
uncertainly, with hasty steps past Micky Anderson’s watches.</p>
<p>—The assistant town clerk’s corns are giving him some trouble, John
Wyse Nolan told Mr Power.</p>
<p>They followed round the corner towards James Kavanagh’s winerooms.
The empty castle car fronted them at rest in Essex gate. Martin
Cunningham, speaking always, showed often the list at which Jimmy Henry
did not glance.</p>
<p>—And long John Fanning is here too, John Wyse Nolan said, as large as
life.</p>
<p>The tall form of long John Fanning filled the doorway where he
stood.</p>
<p>—Good day, Mr Subsheriff, Martin Cunningham said, as all halted and
greeted.</p>
<p>Long John Fanning made no way for them. He removed his large Henry
Clay decisively and his large fierce eyes scowled intelligently over all
their faces.</p>
<p>—Are the conscript fathers pursuing their peaceful deliberations? he
said with rich acrid utterance to the assistant town clerk.</p>
<p>Hell open to christians they were having, Jimmy Henry said pettishly,
about their damned Irish language. Where was the marshal, he wanted to
know, to keep order in the council chamber. And old Barlow the
macebearer laid up with asthma, no mace on the table, nothing in order,
no quorum even, and Hutchinson, the lord mayor, in Llandudno and little
Lorcan Sherlock doing <em>locum tenens</em> for him. Damned Irish
language, language of our forefathers.</p>
<p>Long John Fanning blew a plume of smoke from his lips.</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham spoke by turns, twirling the peak of his beard, to
the assistant town clerk and the subsheriff, while John Wyse Nolan held
his peace.</p>
<p>—What Dignam was that? long John Fanning asked.</p>
<p>Jimmy Henry made a grimace and lifted his left foot.</p>
<p>—O, my corns! he said plaintively. Come upstairs for goodness’ sake
till I sit down somewhere. Uff! Ooo! Mind!</p>
<p>Testily he made room for himself beside long John Fanning’s flank and
passed in and up the stairs.</p>
<p>—Come on up, Martin Cunningham said to the subsheriff. I don’t think
you knew him or perhaps you did, though.</p>
<p>With John Wyse Nolan Mr Power followed them in.</p>
<p>—Decent little soul he was, Mr Power said to the stalwart back of
long John Fanning ascending towards long John Fanning in the mirror.</p>
<p>—Rather lowsized. Dignam of Menton’s office that was, Martin
Cunningham said.</p>
<p>Long John Fanning could not remember him.</p>
<p>Clatter of horsehoofs sounded from the air.</p>
<p>—What’s that? Martin Cunningham said.</p>
<p>All turned where they stood. John Wyse Nolan came down again. From
the cool shadow of the doorway he saw the horses pass Parliament street,
harness and glossy pasterns in sunlight shimmering. Gaily they went past
before his cool unfriendly eyes, not quickly. In saddles of the leaders,
leaping leaders, rode outriders.</p>
<p>—What was it? Martin Cunningham asked, as they went on up the
staircase.</p>
<p>—The lord lieutenantgeneral and general governor of Ireland, John
Wyse Nolan answered from the stairfoot.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>As they trod across the thick carpet Buck Mulligan whispered behind
his Panama to Haines:</p>
<p>—Parnell’s brother. There in the corner.</p>
<p>They chose a small table near the window, opposite a longfaced man
whose beard and gaze hung intently down on a chessboard.</p>
<p>—Is that he? Haines asked, twisting round in his seat.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mulligan said. That’s John Howard, his brother, our city
marshal.</p>
<p>John Howard Parnell translated a white bishop quietly and his grey
claw went up again to his forehead whereat it rested. An instant after,
under its screen, his eyes looked quickly, ghostbright, at his foe and
fell once more upon a working corner.</p>
<p>—I’ll take a <em>mélange,</em> Haines said to the waitress.</p>
<p>—Two <em>mélanges,</em> Buck Mulligan said. And bring us some scones
and butter and some cakes as well.</p>
<p>When she had gone he said, laughing:</p>
<p>—We call it D.B.C. because they have damn bad cakes. O, but you
missed Dedalus on <em>Hamlet.</em></p>
<p>Haines opened his newbought book.</p>
<p>—I’m sorry, he said. Shakespeare is the happy huntingground of all
minds that have lost their balance.</p>
<p>The onelegged sailor growled at the area of 14 Nelson street:</p>
<p>—<em>England expects</em>...</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s primrose waistcoat shook gaily to his laughter.</p>
<p>—You should see him, he said, when his body loses its balance.
Wandering Ængus I call him.</p>
<p>—I am sure he has an <em>idée fixe,</em> Haines said, pinching his
chin thoughtfully with thumb and forefinger. Now I am speculating what
it would be likely to be. Such persons always have.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan bent across the table gravely.</p>
<p>—They drove his wits astray, he said, by visions of hell. He will
never capture the Attic note. The note of Swinburne, of all poets, the
white death and the ruddy birth. That is his tragedy. He can never be a
poet. The joy of creation...</p>
<p>—Eternal punishment, Haines said, nodding curtly. I see. I tackled
him this morning on belief. There was something on his mind, I saw. It’s
rather interesting because professor Pokorny of Vienna makes an
interesting point out of that.</p>
<p>Buck Mulligan’s watchful eyes saw the waitress come. He helped her to
unload her tray.</p>
<p>—He can find no trace of hell in ancient Irish myth, Haines said,
amid the cheerful cups. The moral idea seems lacking, the sense of
destiny, of retribution. Rather strange he should have just that fixed
idea. Does he write anything for your movement?</p>
<p>He sank two lumps of sugar deftly longwise through the whipped cream.
Buck Mulligan slit a steaming scone in two and plastered butter over its
smoking pith. He bit off a soft piece hungrily.</p>
<p>—Ten years, he said, chewing and laughing. He is going to write
something in ten years.</p>
<p>—Seems a long way off, Haines said, thoughtfully lifting his spoon.
Still, I shouldn’t wonder if he did after all.</p>
<p>He tasted a spoonful from the creamy cone of his cup.</p>
<p>—This is real Irish cream I take it, he said with forbearance. I
don’t want to be imposed on.</p>
<p>Elijah, skiff, light crumpled throwaway, sailed eastward by flanks of
ships and trawlers, amid an archipelago of corks, beyond new Wapping
street past Benson’s ferry, and by the threemasted schooner
<em>Rosevean</em> from Bridgwater with bricks.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Almidano Artifoni walked past Holles street, past Sewell’s yard.
Behind him Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell, with
stickumbrelladustcoat dangling, shunned the lamp before Mr Law Smith’s
house and, crossing, walked along Merrion square. Distantly behind him a
blind stripling tapped his way by the wall of College park.</p>
<p>Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell walked as far as Mr
Lewis Werner’s cheerful windows, then turned and strode back along
Merrion square, his stickumbrelladustcoat dangling.</p>
<p>At the corner of Wilde’s house he halted, frowned at Elijah’s name
announced on the Metropolitan hall, frowned at the distant pleasance of
duke’s lawn. His eyeglass flashed frowning in the sun. With ratsteeth
bared he muttered:</p>
<p>—<em>Coactus volui.</em></p>
<p>He strode on for Clare street, grinding his fierce word.</p>
<p>As he strode past Mr Bloom’s dental windows the sway of his dustcoat
brushed rudely from its angle a slender tapping cane and swept onwards,
having buffeted a thewless body. The blind stripling turned his sickly
face after the striding form.</p>
<p>—God’s curse on you, he said sourly, whoever you are! You’re blinder
nor I am, you bitch’s bastard!</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>Opposite Ruggy O’Donohoe’s Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam, pawing the
pound and a half of Mangan’s, late Fehrenbach’s, porksteaks he had been
sent for, went along warm Wicklow street dawdling. It was too blooming
dull sitting in the parlour with Mrs Stoer and Mrs Quigley and Mrs
MacDowell and the blind down and they all at their sniffles and sipping
sups of the superior tawny sherry uncle Barney brought from Tunney’s.
And they eating crumbs of the cottage fruitcake, jawing the whole
blooming time and sighing.</p>
<p>After Wicklow lane the window of Madame Doyle, courtdress milliner,
stopped him. He stood looking in at the two puckers stripped to their
pelts and putting up their props. From the sidemirrors two mourning
Masters Dignam gaped silently. Myler Keogh, Dublin’s pet lamb, will meet
sergeantmajor Bennett, the Portobello bruiser, for a purse of fifty
sovereigns. Gob, that’d be a good pucking match to see. Myler Keogh,
that’s the chap sparring out to him with the green sash. Two bar
entrance, soldiers half price. I could easy do a bunk on ma. Master
Dignam on his left turned as he turned. That’s me in mourning. When is
it? May the twentysecond. Sure, the blooming thing is all over. He
turned to the right and on his right Master Dignam turned, his cap awry,
his collar sticking up. Buttoning it down, his chin lifted, he saw the
image of Marie Kendall, charming soubrette, beside the two puckers. One
of them mots that do be in the packets of fags Stoer smokes that his old
fellow welted hell out of him for one time he found out.</p>
<p>Master Dignam got his collar down and dawdled on. The best pucker
going for strength was Fitzsimons. One puck in the wind from that fellow
would knock you into the middle of next week, man. But the best pucker
for science was Jem Corbet before Fitzsimons knocked the stuffings out
of him, dodging and all.</p>
<p>In Grafton street Master Dignam saw a red flower in a toff’s mouth
and a swell pair of kicks on him and he listening to what the drunk was
telling him and grinning all the time.</p>
<p>No Sandymount tram.</p>
<p>Master Dignam walked along Nassau street, shifted the porksteaks to
his other hand. His collar sprang up again and he tugged it down. The
blooming stud was too small for the buttonhole of the shirt, blooming
end to it. He met schoolboys with satchels. I’m not going tomorrow
either, stay away till Monday. He met other schoolboys. Do they notice
I’m in mourning? Uncle Barney said he’d get it into the paper tonight.
Then they’ll all see it in the paper and read my name printed and pa’s
name.</p>
<p>His face got all grey instead of being red like it was and there was
a fly walking over it up to his eye. The scrunch that was when they were
screwing the screws into the coffin: and the bumps when they were
bringing it downstairs.</p>
<p>Pa was inside it and ma crying in the parlour and uncle Barney
telling the men how to get it round the bend. A big coffin it was, and
high and heavylooking. How was that? The last night pa was boosed he was
standing on the landing there bawling out for his boots to go out to
Tunney’s for to boose more and he looked butty and short in his shirt.
Never see him again. Death, that is. Pa is dead. My father is dead. He
told me to be a good son to ma. I couldn’t hear the other things he said
but I saw his tongue and his teeth trying to say it better. Poor pa.
That was Mr Dignam, my father. I hope he’s in purgatory now because he
went to confession to Father Conroy on Saturday night.</p>
<p>*    *    *</p>
<p>William Humble, earl of Dudley, and lady Dudley, accompanied by
lieutenantcolonel Heseltine, drove out after luncheon from the viceregal
lodge. In the following carriage were the honourable Mrs Paget, Miss de
Courcy and the honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C. in attendance.</p>
<p>The cavalcade passed out by the lower gate of Phoenix park saluted by
obsequious policemen and proceeded past Kingsbridge along the northern
quays. The viceroy was most cordially greeted on his way through the
metropolis. At Bloody bridge Mr Thomas Kernan beyond the river greeted
him vainly from afar. Between Queen’s and Whitworth bridges lord
Dudley’s viceregal carriages passed and were unsaluted by Mr Dudley
White, B. L., M. A., who stood on Arran quay outside Mrs M. E. White’s,
the pawnbroker’s, at the corner of Arran street west stroking his nose
with his forefinger, undecided whether he should arrive at Phibsborough
more quickly by a triple change of tram or by hailing a car or on foot
through Smithfield, Constitution hill and Broadstone terminus. In the
porch of Four Courts Richie Goulding with the costbag of Goulding,
Collis and Ward saw him with surprise. Past Richmond bridge at the
doorstep of the office of Reuben J Dodd, solicitor, agent for the
Patriotic Insurance Company, an elderly female about to enter changed
her plan and retracing her steps by King’s windows smiled credulously on
the representative of His Majesty. From its sluice in Wood quay wall
under Tom Devan’s office Poddle river hung out in fealty a tongue of
liquid sewage. Above the crossblind of the Ormond hotel, gold by bronze,
Miss Kennedy’s head by Miss Douce’s head watched and admired. On Ormond
quay Mr Simon Dedalus, steering his way from the greenhouse for the
subsheriff’s office, stood still in midstreet and brought his hat low.
His Excellency graciously returned Mr Dedalus’ greeting. From Cahill’s
corner the reverend Hugh C. Love, M. A., made obeisance unperceived,
mindful of lords deputies whose hands benignant had held of yore rich
advowsons. On Grattan bridge Lenehan and M’Coy, taking leave of each
other, watched the carriages go by. Passing by Roger Greene’s office and
Dollard’s big red printinghouse Gerty MacDowell, carrying the Catesby’s
cork lino letters for her father who was laid up, knew by the style it
was the lord and lady lieutenant but she couldn’t see what Her
Excellency had on because the tram and Spring’s big yellow furniture van
had to stop in front of her on account of its being the lord lieutenant.
Beyond Lundy Foot’s from the shaded door of Kavanagh’s winerooms John
Wyse Nolan smiled with unseen coldness towards the lord
lieutenantgeneral and general governor of Ireland. The Right Honourable
William Humble, earl of Dudley, G. C. V. O., passed Micky Anderson’s all
times ticking watches and Henry and James’s wax smartsuited freshcheeked
models, the gentleman Henry, <em>dernier cri</em> James. Over against
Dame gate Tom Rochford and Nosey Flynn watched the approach of the
cavalcade. Tom Rochford, seeing the eyes of lady Dudley fixed on him,
took his thumbs quickly out of the pockets of his claret waistcoat and
doffed his cap to her. A charming <em>soubrette,</em> great Marie
Kendall, with dauby cheeks and lifted skirt smiled daubily from her
poster upon William Humble, earl of Dudley, and upon lieutenantcolonel
H. G. Heseltine, and also upon the honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C. From
the window of the D. B. C. Buck Mulligan gaily, and Haines gravely,
gazed down on the viceregal equipage over the shoulders of eager guests,
whose mass of forms darkened the chessboard whereon John Howard Parnell
looked intently. In Fownes’s street Dilly Dedalus, straining her sight
upward from Chardenal’s first French primer, saw sunshades spanned and
wheelspokes spinning in the glare. John Henry Menton, filling the
doorway of Commercial Buildings, stared from winebig oyster eyes,
holding a fat gold hunter watch not looked at in his fat left hand not
feeling it. Where the foreleg of King Billy’s horse pawed the air Mrs
Breen plucked her hastening husband back from under the hoofs of the
outriders. She shouted in his ear the tidings. Understanding, he shifted
his tomes to his left breast and saluted the second carriage. The
honourable Gerald Ward A. D. C., agreeably surprised, made haste to
reply. At Ponsonby’s corner a jaded white flagon H. halted and four
tallhatted white flagons halted behind him, E.L.Y.’S, while outriders
pranced past and carriages. Opposite Pigott’s music warerooms Mr Denis J
Maginni, professor of dancing &amp;c, gaily apparelled, gravely walked,
outpassed by a viceroy and unobserved. By the provost’s wall came
jauntily Blazes Boylan, stepping in tan shoes and socks with skyblue
clocks to the refrain of <em>My girl’s a Yorkshire girl.</em></p>
<p>Blazes Boylan presented to the leaders’ skyblue frontlets and high
action a skyblue tie, a widebrimmed straw hat at a rakish angle and a
suit of indigo serge. His hands in his jacket pockets forgot to salute
but he offered to the three ladies the bold admiration of his eyes and
the red flower between his lips. As they drove along Nassau street His
Excellency drew the attention of his bowing consort to the programme of
music which was being discoursed in College park. Unseen brazen highland
laddies blared and drumthumped after the <em>cortège</em>:</p>
<p>But though she’s a factory lass<br />
And wears no fancy clothes.<br />
Baraabum.<br />
Yet I’ve a sort of a<br />
Yorkshire relish for<br />
My little Yorkshire rose.<br />
Baraabum.</p>
<p>Thither of the wall the quartermile flat handicappers, M. C. Green,
H. Shrift, T. M. Patey, C. Scaife, J. B. Jeffs, G. N. Morphy, F.
Stevenson, C. Adderly and W. C. Huggard, started in pursuit. Striding
past Finn’s hotel Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell
stared through a fierce eyeglass across the carriages at the head of Mr
M. E. Solomons in the window of the Austro-Hungarian viceconsulate. Deep
in Leinster street by Trinity’s postern a loyal king’s man, Hornblower,
touched his tallyho cap. As the glossy horses pranced by Merrion square
Master Patrick Aloysius Dignam, waiting, saw salutes being given to the
gent with the topper and raised also his new black cap with fingers
greased by porksteak paper. His collar too sprang up. The viceroy, on
his way to inaugurate the Mirus bazaar in aid of funds for Mercer’s
hospital, drove with his following towards Lower Mount street. He passed
a blind stripling opposite Broadbent’s. In Lower Mount street a
pedestrian in a brown macintosh, eating dry bread, passed swiftly and
unscathed across the viceroy’s path. At the Royal Canal bridge, from his
hoarding, Mr Eugene Stratton, his blub lips agrin, bade all comers
welcome to Pembroke township. At Haddington road corner two sanded women
halted themselves, an umbrella and a bag in which eleven cockles rolled
to view with wonder the lord mayor and lady mayoress without his golden
chain. On Northumberland and Lansdowne roads His Excellency acknowledged
punctually salutes from rare male walkers, the salute of two small
schoolboys at the garden gate of the house said to have been admired by
the late queen when visiting the Irish capital with her husband, the
prince consort, in 1849 and the salute of Almidano Artifoni’s sturdy
trousers swallowed by a closing door.</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-11.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-11.htm.html_pgepubid00077"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-11.htm.html_chap11"></span>[ 11
]</h3>
<p>Bronze by gold heard the hoofirons, steelyringing.</p>
<p>Imperthnthn thnthnthn.</p>
<p>Chips, picking chips off rocky thumbnail, chips.</p>
<p>Horrid! And gold flushed more.</p>
<p>A husky fifenote blew.</p>
<p>Blew. Blue bloom is on the.</p>
<p>Goldpinnacled hair.</p>
<p>A jumping rose on satiny breast of satin, rose of Castile.</p>
<p>Trilling, trilling: Idolores.</p>
<p>Peep! Who’s in the... peepofgold?</p>
<p>Tink cried to bronze in pity.</p>
<p>And a call, pure, long and throbbing. Longindying call.</p>
<p>Decoy. Soft word. But look: the bright stars fade. Notes chirruping
answer.</p>
<p>O rose! Castile. The morn is breaking.</p>
<p>Jingle jingle jaunted jingling.</p>
<p>Coin rang. Clock clacked.</p>
<p>Avowal. <em>Sonnez.</em> I could. Rebound of garter. Not leave thee.
Smack. <em>La cloche!</em> Thigh smack. Avowal. Warm. Sweetheart,
goodbye!</p>
<p>Jingle. Bloo.</p>
<p>Boomed crashing chords. When love absorbs. War! War! The
tympanum.</p>
<p>A sail! A veil awave upon the waves.</p>
<p>Lost. Throstle fluted. All is lost now.</p>
<p>Horn. Hawhorn.</p>
<p>When first he saw. Alas!</p>
<p>Full tup. Full throb.</p>
<p>Warbling. Ah, lure! Alluring.</p>
<p>Martha! Come!</p>
<p>Clapclap. Clipclap. Clappyclap.</p>
<p>Goodgod henev erheard inall.</p>
<p>Deaf bald Pat brought pad knife took up.</p>
<p>A moonlit nightcall: far, far.</p>
<p>I feel so sad. P. S. So lonely blooming.</p>
<p>Listen!</p>
<p>The spiked and winding cold seahorn. Have you the? Each, and for
other, plash and silent roar.</p>
<p>Pearls: when she. Liszt’s rhapsodies. Hissss.</p>
<p>You don’t?</p>
<p>Did not: no, no: believe: Lidlyd. With a cock with a carra.</p>
<p>Black. Deepsounding. Do, Ben, do.</p>
<p>Wait while you wait. Hee hee. Wait while you hee.</p>
<p>But wait!</p>
<p>Low in dark middle earth. Embedded ore.</p>
<p>Naminedamine. Preacher is he:</p>
<p>All gone. All fallen.</p>
<p>Tiny, her tremulous fernfoils of maidenhair.</p>
<p>Amen! He gnashed in fury.</p>
<p>Fro. To, fro. A baton cool protruding.</p>
<p>Bronzelydia by Minagold.</p>
<p>By bronze, by gold, in oceangreen of shadow. Bloom. Old Bloom.</p>
<p>One rapped, one tapped, with a carra, with a cock.</p>
<p>Pray for him! Pray, good people!</p>
<p>His gouty fingers nakkering.</p>
<p>Big Benaben. Big Benben.</p>
<p>Last rose Castile of summer left bloom I feel so sad alone.</p>
<p>Pwee! Little wind piped wee.</p>
<p>True men. Lid Ker Cow De and Doll. Ay, ay. Like you men. Will lift
your tschink with tschunk.</p>
<p>Fff! Oo!</p>
<p>Where bronze from anear? Where gold from afar? Where hoofs?</p>
<p>Rrrpr. Kraa. Kraandl.</p>
<p>Then not till then. My eppripfftaph. Be pfrwritt.</p>
<p>Done.</p>
<p>Begin!</p>
<p>Bronze by gold, miss Douce’s head by miss Kennedy’s head, over the
crossblind of the Ormond bar heard the viceregal hoofs go by, ringing
steel.</p>
<p>—Is that her? asked miss Kennedy.</p>
<p>Miss Douce said yes, sitting with his ex, pearl grey and <em>eau de
Nil.</em></p>
<p>—Exquisite contrast, miss Kennedy said.</p>
<p>When all agog miss Douce said eagerly:</p>
<p>—Look at the fellow in the tall silk.</p>
<p>—Who? Where? gold asked more eagerly.</p>
<p>—In the second carriage, miss Douce’s wet lips said, laughing in the
sun.</p>
<p>He’s looking. Mind till I see.</p>
<p>She darted, bronze, to the backmost corner, flattening her face
against the pane in a halo of hurried breath.</p>
<p>Her wet lips tittered:</p>
<p>—He’s killed looking back.</p>
<p>She laughed:</p>
<p>—O wept! Aren’t men frightful idiots?</p>
<p>With sadness.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy sauntered sadly from bright light, twining a loose hair
behind an ear. Sauntering sadly, gold no more, she twisted twined a
hair. Sadly she twined in sauntering gold hair behind a curving ear.</p>
<p>—It’s them has the fine times, sadly then she said.</p>
<p>A man.</p>
<p>Bloowho went by by Moulang’s pipes bearing in his breast the sweets
of sin, by Wine’s antiques, in memory bearing sweet sinful words, by
Carroll’s dusky battered plate, for Raoul.</p>
<p>The boots to them, them in the bar, them barmaids came. For them
unheeding him he banged on the counter his tray of chattering china.
And</p>
<p>—There’s your teas, he said.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy with manners transposed the teatray down to an upturned
lithia crate, safe from eyes, low.</p>
<p>—What is it? loud boots unmannerly asked.</p>
<p>—Find out, miss Douce retorted, leaving her spyingpoint.</p>
<p>—Your <em>beau,</em> is it?</p>
<p>A haughty bronze replied:</p>
<p>—I’ll complain to Mrs de Massey on you if I hear any more of your
impertinent insolence.</p>
<p>—Imperthnthn thnthnthn, bootssnout sniffed rudely, as he retreated as
she threatened as he had come.</p>
<p>Bloom.</p>
<p>On her flower frowning miss Douce said:</p>
<p>—Most aggravating that young brat is. If he doesn’t conduct himself
I’ll wring his ear for him a yard long.</p>
<p>Ladylike in exquisite contrast.</p>
<p>—Take no notice, miss Kennedy rejoined.</p>
<p>She poured in a teacup tea, then back in the teapot tea. They cowered
under their reef of counter, waiting on footstools, crates upturned,
waiting for their teas to draw. They pawed their blouses, both of black
satin, two and nine a yard, waiting for their teas to draw, and two and
seven.</p>
<p>Yes, bronze from anear, by gold from afar, heard steel from anear,
hoofs ring from afar, and heard steelhoofs ringhoof ringsteel.</p>
<p>—Am I awfully sunburnt?</p>
<p>Miss bronze unbloused her neck.</p>
<p>—No, said miss Kennedy. It gets brown after. Did you try the borax
with the cherry laurel water?</p>
<p>Miss Douce halfstood to see her skin askance in the barmirror
gildedlettered where hock and claret glasses shimmered and in their
midst a shell.</p>
<p>—And leave it to my hands, she said.</p>
<p>—Try it with the glycerine, miss Kennedy advised.</p>
<p>Bidding her neck and hands adieu miss Douce</p>
<p>—Those things only bring out a rash, replied, reseated. I asked that
old fogey in Boyd’s for something for my skin.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy, pouring now a fulldrawn tea, grimaced and prayed:</p>
<p>—O, don’t remind me of him for mercy’ sake!</p>
<p>—But wait till I tell you, miss Douce entreated.</p>
<p>Sweet tea miss Kennedy having poured with milk plugged both two ears
with little fingers.</p>
<p>—No, don’t, she cried.</p>
<p>—I won’t listen, she cried.</p>
<p>But Bloom?</p>
<p>Miss Douce grunted in snuffy fogey’s tone:</p>
<p>—For your what? says he.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy unplugged her ears to hear, to speak: but said, but
prayed again:</p>
<p>—Don’t let me think of him or I’ll expire. The hideous old wretch!
That night in the Antient Concert Rooms.</p>
<p>She sipped distastefully her brew, hot tea, a sip, sipped, sweet
tea.</p>
<p>—Here he was, miss Douce said, cocking her bronze head three
quarters, ruffling her nosewings. Hufa! Hufa!</p>
<p>Shrill shriek of laughter sprang from miss Kennedy’s throat. Miss
Douce huffed and snorted down her nostrils that quivered imperthnthn
like a snout in quest.</p>
<p>—O! shrieking, miss Kennedy cried. Will you ever forget his goggle
eye?</p>
<p>Miss Douce chimed in in deep bronze laughter, shouting:</p>
<p>—And your other eye!</p>
<p>Bloowhose dark eye read Aaron Figatner’s name. Why do I always think
Figather? Gathering figs, I think. And Prosper Loré’s huguenot name. By
Bassi’s blessed virgins Bloom’s dark eyes went by. Bluerobed, white
under, come to me. God they believe she is: or goddess. Those today. I
could not see. That fellow spoke. A student. After with Dedalus’ son. He
might be Mulligan. All comely virgins. That brings those rakes of
fellows in: her white.</p>
<p>By went his eyes. The sweets of sin. Sweet are the sweets.</p>
<p>Of sin.</p>
<p>In a giggling peal young goldbronze voices blended, Douce with
Kennedy your other eye. They threw young heads back, bronze gigglegold,
to let freefly their laughter, screaming, your other, signals to each
other, high piercing notes.</p>
<p>Ah, panting, sighing, sighing, ah, fordone, their mirth died
down.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy lipped her cup again, raised, drank a sip and
gigglegiggled. Miss Douce, bending over the teatray, ruffled again her
nose and rolled droll fattened eyes. Again Kennygiggles, stooping, her
fair pinnacles of hair, stooping, her tortoise napecomb showed,
spluttered out of her mouth her tea, choking in tea and laughter,
coughing with choking, crying:</p>
<p>—O greasy eyes! Imagine being married to a man like that! she cried.
With his bit of beard!</p>
<p>Douce gave full vent to a splendid yell, a full yell of full woman,
delight, joy, indignation.</p>
<p>—Married to the greasy nose! she yelled.</p>
<p>Shrill, with deep laughter, after, gold after bronze, they urged each
each to peal after peal, ringing in changes, bronzegold, goldbronze,
shrilldeep, to laughter after laughter. And then laughed more. Greasy I
knows. Exhausted, breathless, their shaken heads they laid, braided and
pinnacled by glossycombed, against the counterledge. All flushed (O!),
panting, sweating (O!), all breathless.</p>
<p>Married to Bloom, to greaseabloom.</p>
<p>—O saints above! miss Douce said, sighed above her jumping rose. I
wished I hadn’t laughed so much. I feel all wet.</p>
<p>—O, miss Douce! miss Kennedy protested. You horrid thing!</p>
<p>And flushed yet more (you horrid!), more goldenly.</p>
<p>By Cantwell’s offices roved Greaseabloom, by Ceppi’s virgins, bright
of their oils. Nannetti’s father hawked those things about, wheedling at
doors as I. Religion pays. Must see him for that par. Eat first. I want.
Not yet. At four, she said. Time ever passing. Clockhands turning. On.
Where eat? The Clarence, Dolphin. On. For Raoul. Eat. If I net five
guineas with those ads. The violet silk petticoats. Not yet. The sweets
of sin.</p>
<p>Flushed less, still less, goldenly paled.</p>
<p>Into their bar strolled Mr Dedalus. Chips, picking chips off one of
his rocky thumbnails. Chips. He strolled.</p>
<p>—O, welcome back, miss Douce.</p>
<p>He held her hand. Enjoyed her holidays?</p>
<p>—Tiptop.</p>
<p>He hoped she had nice weather in Rostrevor.</p>
<p>—Gorgeous, she said. Look at the holy show I am. Lying out on the
strand all day.</p>
<p>Bronze whiteness.</p>
<p>—That was exceedingly naughty of you, Mr Dedalus told her and pressed
her hand indulgently. Tempting poor simple males.</p>
<p>Miss Douce of satin douced her arm away.</p>
<p>—O go away! she said. You’re very simple, I don’t think.</p>
<p>He was.</p>
<p>—Well now I am, he mused. I looked so simple in the cradle they
christened me simple Simon.</p>
<p>—You must have been a doaty, miss Douce made answer. And what did the
doctor order today?</p>
<p>—Well now, he mused, whatever you say yourself. I think I’ll trouble
you for some fresh water and a half glass of whisky.</p>
<p>Jingle.</p>
<p>—With the greatest alacrity, miss Douce agreed.</p>
<p>With grace of alacrity towards the mirror gilt Cantrell and
Cochrane’s she turned herself. With grace she tapped a measure of gold
whisky from her crystal keg. Forth from the skirt of his coat Mr Dedalus
brought pouch and pipe. Alacrity she served. He blew through the flue
two husky fifenotes.</p>
<p>—By Jove, he mused, I often wanted to see the Mourne mountains. Must
be a great tonic in the air down there. But a long threatening comes at
last, they say. Yes. Yes.</p>
<p>Yes. He fingered shreds of hair, her maidenhair, her mermaid’s, into
the bowl. Chips. Shreds. Musing. Mute.</p>
<p>None nought said nothing. Yes.</p>
<p>Gaily miss Douce polished a tumbler, trilling:</p>
<p>—<em>O, Idolores, queen of the eastern seas!</em></p>
<p>—Was Mr Lidwell in today?</p>
<p>In came Lenehan. Round him peered Lenehan. Mr Bloom reached Essex
bridge. Yes, Mr Bloom crossed bridge of Yessex. To Martha I must write.
Buy paper. Daly’s. Girl there civil. Bloom. Old Bloom. Blue bloom is on
the rye.</p>
<p>—He was in at lunchtime, miss Douce said.</p>
<p>Lenehan came forward.</p>
<p>—Was Mr Boylan looking for me?</p>
<p>He asked. She answered:</p>
<p>—Miss Kennedy, was Mr Boylan in while I was upstairs?</p>
<p>She asked. Miss voice of Kennedy answered, a second teacup poised,
her gaze upon a page:</p>
<p>—No. He was not.</p>
<p>Miss gaze of Kennedy, heard, not seen, read on. Lenehan round the
sandwichbell wound his round body round.</p>
<p>—Peep! Who’s in the corner?</p>
<p>No glance of Kennedy rewarding him he yet made overtures. To mind her
stops. To read only the black ones: round o and crooked ess.</p>
<p>Jingle jaunty jingle.</p>
<p>Girlgold she read and did not glance. Take no notice. She took no
notice while he read by rote a solfa fable for her, plappering
flatly:</p>
<p>—Ah fox met ah stork. Said thee fox too thee stork: Will you put your
bill down inn my troath and pull upp ah bone?</p>
<p>He droned in vain. Miss Douce turned to her tea aside.</p>
<p>He sighed aside:</p>
<p>—Ah me! O my!</p>
<p>He greeted Mr Dedalus and got a nod.</p>
<p>—Greetings from the famous son of a famous father.</p>
<p>—Who may he be? Mr Dedalus asked.</p>
<p>Lenehan opened most genial arms. Who?</p>
<p>—Who may he be? he asked. Can you ask? Stephen, the youthful
bard.</p>
<p>Dry.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus, famous father, laid by his dry filled pipe.</p>
<p>—I see, he said. I didn’t recognise him for the moment. I hear he is
keeping very select company. Have you seen him lately?</p>
<p>He had.</p>
<p>—I quaffed the nectarbowl with him this very day, said Lenehan. In
Mooney’s <em>en ville</em> and in Mooney’s <em>sur mer.</em> He had
received the rhino for the labour of his muse.</p>
<p>He smiled at bronze’s teabathed lips, at listening lips and eyes:</p>
<p>—The <em>élite</em> of Erin hung upon his lips. The ponderous pundit,
Hugh MacHugh, Dublin’s most brilliant scribe and editor and that
minstrel boy of the wild wet west who is known by the euphonious
appellation of the O’Madden Burke.</p>
<p>After an interval Mr Dedalus raised his grog and</p>
<p>—That must have been highly diverting, said he. I see.</p>
<p>He see. He drank. With faraway mourning mountain eye. Set down his
glass.</p>
<p>He looked towards the saloon door.</p>
<p>—I see you have moved the piano.</p>
<p>—The tuner was in today, miss Douce replied, tuning it for the
smoking concert and I never heard such an exquisite player.</p>
<p>—Is that a fact?</p>
<p>—Didn’t he, miss Kennedy? The real classical, you know. And blind
too, poor fellow. Not twenty I’m sure he was.</p>
<p>—Is that a fact? Mr Dedalus said.</p>
<p>He drank and strayed away.</p>
<p>—So sad to look at his face, miss Douce condoled.</p>
<p>God’s curse on bitch’s bastard.</p>
<p>Tink to her pity cried a diner’s bell. To the door of the bar and
diningroom came bald Pat, came bothered Pat, came Pat, waiter of Ormond.
Lager for diner. Lager without alacrity she served.</p>
<p>With patience Lenehan waited for Boylan with impatience, for
jinglejaunty blazes boy.</p>
<p>Upholding the lid he (who?) gazed in the coffin (coffin?) at the
oblique triple (piano!) wires. He pressed (the same who pressed
indulgently her hand), soft pedalling, a triple of keys to see the
thicknesses of felt advancing, to hear the muffled hammerfall in
action.</p>
<p>Two sheets cream vellum paper one reserve two envelopes when I was in
Wisdom Hely’s wise Bloom in Daly’s Henry Flower bought. Are you not
happy in your home? Flower to console me and a pin cuts lo. Means
something, language of flow. Was it a daisy? Innocence that is.
Respectable girl meet after mass. Thanks awfully muchly. Wise Bloom eyed
on the door a poster, a swaying mermaid smoking mid nice waves. Smoke
mermaids, coolest whiff of all. Hair streaming: lovelorn. For some man.
For Raoul. He eyed and saw afar on Essex bridge a gay hat riding on a
jaunting car. It is. Again. Third time. Coincidence.</p>
<p>Jingling on supple rubbers it jaunted from the bridge to Ormond quay.
Follow. Risk it. Go quick. At four. Near now. Out.</p>
<p>—Twopence, sir, the shopgirl dared to say.</p>
<p>—Aha... I was forgetting... Excuse...</p>
<p>—And four.</p>
<p>At four she. Winsomely she on Bloohimwhom smiled. Bloo smi qui go.
Ternoon. Think you’re the only pebble on the beach? Does that to
all.</p>
<p>For men.</p>
<p>In drowsy silence gold bent on her page.</p>
<p>From the saloon a call came, long in dying. That was a tuningfork the
tuner had that he forgot that he now struck. A call again. That he now
poised that it now throbbed. You hear? It throbbed, pure, purer, softly
and softlier, its buzzing prongs. Longer in dying call.</p>
<p>Pat paid for diner’s popcorked bottle: and over tumbler, tray and
popcorked bottle ere he went he whispered, bald and bothered, with miss
Douce.</p>
<p>—<em>The bright stars fade</em>...</p>
<p>A voiceless song sang from within, singing:</p>
<p>—... <em>the morn is breaking.</em></p>
<p>A duodene of birdnotes chirruped bright treble answer under sensitive
hands. Brightly the keys, all twinkling, linked, all harpsichording,
called to a voice to sing the strain of dewy morn, of youth, of love’s
leavetaking, life’s, love’s morn.</p>
<p>—<em>The dewdrops pearl</em>...</p>
<p>Lenehan’s lips over the counter lisped a low whistle of decoy.</p>
<p>—But look this way, he said, rose of Castile.</p>
<p>Jingle jaunted by the curb and stopped.</p>
<p>She rose and closed her reading, rose of Castile: fretted, forlorn,
dreamily rose.</p>
<p>—Did she fall or was she pushed? he asked her.</p>
<p>She answered, slighting:</p>
<p>—Ask no questions and you’ll hear no lies.</p>
<p>Like lady, ladylike.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan’s smart tan shoes creaked on the barfloor where he
strode. Yes, gold from anear by bronze from afar. Lenehan heard and knew
and hailed him:</p>
<p>—See the conquering hero comes.</p>
<p>Between the car and window, warily walking, went Bloom, unconquered
hero. See me he might. The seat he sat on: warm. Black wary hecat walked
towards Richie Goulding’s legal bag, lifted aloft, saluting.</p>
<p>—<em>And I from thee</em>...</p>
<p>—I heard you were round, said Blazes Boylan.</p>
<p>He touched to fair miss Kennedy a rim of his slanted straw. She
smiled on him. But sister bronze outsmiled her, preening for him her
richer hair, a bosom and a rose.</p>
<p>Smart Boylan bespoke potions.</p>
<p>—What’s your cry? Glass of bitter? Glass of bitter, please, and a
sloegin for me. Wire in yet?</p>
<p>Not yet. At four she. Who said four?</p>
<p>Cowley’s red lugs and bulging apple in the door of the sheriff’s
office.</p>
<p>Avoid. Goulding a chance. What is he doing in the Ormond? Car
waiting. Wait.</p>
<p>Hello. Where off to? Something to eat? I too was just. In here. What,
Ormond? Best value in Dublin. Is that so? Diningroom. Sit tight there.
See, not be seen. I think I’ll join you. Come on. Richie led on. Bloom
followed bag. Dinner fit for a prince.</p>
<p>Miss Douce reached high to take a flagon, stretching her satin arm,
her bust, that all but burst, so high.</p>
<p>—O! O! jerked Lenehan, gasping at each stretch. O!</p>
<p>But easily she seized her prey and led it low in triumph.</p>
<p>—Why don’t you grow? asked Blazes Boylan.</p>
<p>Shebronze, dealing from her oblique jar thick syrupy liquor for his
lips, looked as it flowed (flower in his coat: who gave him?), and
syrupped with her voice:</p>
<p>—Fine goods in small parcels.</p>
<p>That is to say she. Neatly she poured slowsyrupy sloe.</p>
<p>—Here’s fortune, Blazes said.</p>
<p>He pitched a broad coin down. Coin rang.</p>
<p>—Hold on, said Lenehan, till I...</p>
<p>—Fortune, he wished, lifting his bubbled ale.</p>
<p>—Sceptre will win in a canter, he said.</p>
<p>—I plunged a bit, said Boylan winking and drinking. Not on my own,
you know. Fancy of a friend of mine.</p>
<p>Lenehan still drank and grinned at his tilted ale and at miss Douce’s
lips that all but hummed, not shut, the oceansong her lips had trilled.
Idolores. The eastern seas.</p>
<p>Clock whirred. Miss Kennedy passed their way (flower, wonder who
gave), bearing away teatray. Clock clacked.</p>
<p>Miss Douce took Boylan’s coin, struck boldly the cashregister. It
clanged. Clock clacked. Fair one of Egypt teased and sorted in the till
and hummed and handed coins in change. Look to the west. A clack. For
me.</p>
<p>—What time is that? asked Blazes Boylan. Four?</p>
<p>O’clock.</p>
<p>Lenehan, small eyes ahunger on her humming, bust ahumming, tugged
Blazes Boylan’s elbowsleeve.</p>
<p>—Let’s hear the time, he said.</p>
<p>The bag of Goulding, Collis, Ward led Bloom by ryebloom flowered
tables. Aimless he chose with agitated aim, bald Pat attending, a table
near the door. Be near. At four. Has he forgotten? Perhaps a trick. Not
come: whet appetite. I couldn’t do. Wait, wait. Pat, waiter, waited.</p>
<p>Sparkling bronze azure eyed Blazure’s skyblue bow and eyes.</p>
<p>—Go on, pressed Lenehan. There’s no-one. He never heard.</p>
<p>—... <em>to Flora’s lips did hie.</em></p>
<p>High, a high note pealed in the treble clear.</p>
<p>Bronzedouce communing with her rose that sank and rose sought Blazes
Boylan’s flower and eyes.</p>
<p>—Please, please.</p>
<p>He pleaded over returning phrases of avowal.</p>
<p>—<em>I could not leave thee</em>...</p>
<p>—Afterwits, miss Douce promised coyly.</p>
<p>—No, now, urged Lenehan. <em>Sonnez la cloche!</em> O do! There’s
no-one.</p>
<p>She looked. Quick. Miss Kenn out of earshot. Sudden bent. Two
kindling faces watched her bend.</p>
<p>Quavering the chords strayed from the air, found it again, lost
chord, and lost and found it, faltering.</p>
<p>—Go on! Do! <em>Sonnez!</em></p>
<p>Bending, she nipped a peak of skirt above her knee. Delayed. Taunted
them still, bending, suspending, with wilful eyes.</p>
<p><em>—Sonnez!</em></p>
<p>Smack. She set free sudden in rebound her nipped elastic garter
smackwarm against her smackable a woman’s warmhosed thigh.</p>
<p>—<em>La cloche!</em> cried gleeful Lenehan. Trained by owner. No
sawdust there.</p>
<p>She smilesmirked supercilious (wept! aren’t men?), but, lightward
gliding, mild she smiled on Boylan.</p>
<p>—You’re the essence of vulgarity, she in gliding said.</p>
<p>Boylan, eyed, eyed. Tossed to fat lips his chalice, drank off his
chalice tiny, sucking the last fat violet syrupy drops. His spellbound
eyes went after, after her gliding head as it went down the bar by
mirrors, gilded arch for ginger ale, hock and claret glasses shimmering,
a spiky shell, where it concerted, mirrored, bronze with sunnier
bronze.</p>
<p>Yes, bronze from anearby.</p>
<p>—... <em>Sweetheart, goodbye!</em></p>
<p>—I’m off, said Boylan with impatience.</p>
<p>He slid his chalice brisk away, grasped his change.</p>
<p>—Wait a shake, begged Lenehan, drinking quickly. I wanted to tell
you. Tom Rochford...</p>
<p>—Come on to blazes, said Blazes Boylan, going.</p>
<p>Lenehan gulped to go.</p>
<p>—Got the horn or what? he said. Wait. I’m coming.</p>
<p>He followed the hasty creaking shoes but stood by nimbly by the
threshold, saluting forms, a bulky with a slender.</p>
<p>—How do you do, Mr Dollard?</p>
<p>—Eh? How do? How do? Ben Dollard’s vague bass answered, turning an
instant from Father Cowley’s woe. He won’t give you any trouble, Bob.
Alf Bergan will speak to the long fellow. We’ll put a barleystraw in
that Judas Iscariot’s ear this time.</p>
<p>Sighing Mr Dedalus came through the saloon, a finger soothing an
eyelid.</p>
<p>—Hoho, we will, Ben Dollard yodled jollily. Come on, Simon. Give us a
ditty. We heard the piano.</p>
<p>Bald Pat, bothered waiter, waited for drink orders. Power for Richie.
And Bloom? Let me see. Not make him walk twice. His corns. Four now. How
warm this black is. Course nerves a bit. Refracts (is it?) heat. Let me
see. Cider. Yes, bottle of cider.</p>
<p>—What’s that? Mr Dedalus said. I was only vamping, man.</p>
<p>—Come on, come on, Ben Dollard called. Begone dull care. Come,
Bob.</p>
<p>He ambled Dollard, bulky slops, before them (hold that fellow with
the: hold him now) into the saloon. He plumped him Dollard on the stool.
His gouty paws plumped chords. Plumped, stopped abrupt.</p>
<p>Bald Pat in the doorway met tealess gold returning. Bothered, he
wanted Power and cider. Bronze by the window, watched, bronze from
afar.</p>
<p>Jingle a tinkle jaunted.</p>
<p>Bloom heard a jing, a little sound. He’s off. Light sob of breath
Bloom sighed on the silent bluehued flowers. Jingling. He’s gone.
Jingle. Hear.</p>
<p>—Love and War, Ben, Mr Dedalus said. God be with old times.</p>
<p>Miss Douce’s brave eyes, unregarded, turned from the crossblind,
smitten by sunlight. Gone. Pensive (who knows?), smitten (the smiting
light), she lowered the dropblind with a sliding cord. She drew down
pensive (why did he go so quick when I?) about her bronze, over the bar
where bald stood by sister gold, inexquisite contrast, contrast
inexquisite nonexquisite, slow cool dim seagreen sliding depth of
shadow, <em>eau de Nil.</em></p>
<p>—Poor old Goodwin was the pianist that night, Father Cowley reminded
them. There was a slight difference of opinion between himself and the
Collard grand.</p>
<p>There was.</p>
<p>—A symposium all his own, Mr Dedalus said. The devil wouldn’t stop
him. He was a crotchety old fellow in the primary stage of drink.</p>
<p>—God, do you remember? Ben bulky Dollard said, turning from the
punished keyboard. And by Japers I had no wedding garment.</p>
<p>They laughed all three. He had no wed. All trio laughed. No wedding
garment.</p>
<p>—Our friend Bloom turned in handy that night, Mr Dedalus said.
Where’s my pipe, by the way?</p>
<p>He wandered back to the bar to the lost chord pipe. Bald Pat carried
two diners’ drinks, Richie and Poldy. And Father Cowley laughed
again.</p>
<p>—I saved the situation, Ben, I think.</p>
<p>—You did, averred Ben Dollard. I remember those tight trousers too.
That was a brilliant idea, Bob.</p>
<p>Father Cowley blushed to his brilliant purply lobes. He saved the
situa. Tight trou. Brilliant ide.</p>
<p>—I knew he was on the rocks, he said. The wife was playing the piano
in the coffee palace on Saturdays for a very trifling consideration and
who was it gave me the wheeze she was doing the other business? Do you
remember? We had to search all Holles street to find them till the chap
in Keogh’s gave us the number. Remember?</p>
<p>Ben remembered, his broad visage wondering.</p>
<p>—By God, she had some luxurious operacloaks and things there.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus wandered back, pipe in hand.</p>
<p>—Merrion square style. Balldresses, by God, and court dresses. He
wouldn’t take any money either. What? Any God’s quantity of cocked hats
and boleros and trunkhose. What?</p>
<p>—Ay, ay, Mr Dedalus nodded. Mrs Marion Bloom has left off clothes of
all descriptions.</p>
<p>Jingle jaunted down the quays. Blazes sprawled on bounding tyres.</p>
<p>Liver and bacon. Steak and kidney pie. Right, sir. Right, Pat.</p>
<p>Mrs Marion. Met him pike hoses. Smell of burn. Of Paul de Kock. Nice
name he.</p>
<p>—What’s this her name was? A buxom lassy. Marion...</p>
<p>—Tweedy.</p>
<p>—Yes. Is she alive?</p>
<p>—And kicking.</p>
<p>—She was a daughter of...</p>
<p>—Daughter of the regiment.</p>
<p>—Yes, begad. I remember the old drummajor.</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus struck, whizzed, lit, puffed savoury puff after</p>
<p>—Irish? I don’t know, faith. Is she, Simon?</p>
<p>Puff after stiff, a puff, strong, savoury, crackling.</p>
<p>—Buccinator muscle is... What?... Bit rusty... O, she is... My Irish
Molly, O.</p>
<p>He puffed a pungent plumy blast.</p>
<p>—From the rock of Gibraltar... all the way.</p>
<p>They pined in depth of ocean shadow, gold by the beerpull, bronze by
maraschino, thoughtful all two. Mina Kennedy, 4 Lismore terrace,
Drumcondra with Idolores, a queen, Dolores, silent.</p>
<p>Pat served, uncovered dishes. Leopold cut liverslices. As said before
he ate with relish the inner organs, nutty gizzards, fried cods’ roes
while Richie Goulding, Collis, Ward ate steak and kidney, steak then
kidney, bite by bite of pie he ate Bloom ate they ate.</p>
<p>Bloom with Goulding, married in silence, ate. Dinners fit for
princes.</p>
<p>By Bachelor’s walk jogjaunty jingled Blazes Boylan, bachelor, in sun
in heat, mare’s glossy rump atrot, with flick of whip, on bounding
tyres: sprawled, warmseated, Boylan impatience, ardentbold. Horn. Have
you the? Horn. Have you the? Haw haw horn.</p>
<p>Over their voices Dollard bassooned attack, booming over bombarding
chords:</p>
<p>—<em>When love absorbs my ardent soul</em>...</p>
<p>Roll of Bensoulbenjamin rolled to the quivery loveshivery
roofpanes.</p>
<p>—War! War! cried Father Cowley. You’re the warrior.</p>
<p>—So I am, Ben Warrior laughed. I was thinking of your landlord. Love
or money.</p>
<p>He stopped. He wagged huge beard, huge face over his blunder
huge.</p>
<p>—Sure, you’d burst the tympanum of her ear, man, Mr Dedalus said
through smoke aroma, with an organ like yours.</p>
<p>In bearded abundant laughter Dollard shook upon the keyboard. He
would.</p>
<p>—Not to mention another membrane, Father Cowley added. Half time,
Ben. <em>Amoroso ma non troppo.</em> Let me there.</p>
<p>Miss Kennedy served two gentlemen with tankards of cool stout. She
passed a remark. It was indeed, first gentleman said, beautiful weather.
They drank cool stout. Did she know where the lord lieutenant was going?
And heard steelhoofs ringhoof ring. No, she couldn’t say. But it would
be in the paper. O, she need not trouble. No trouble. She waved about
her outspread <em>Independent,</em> searching, the lord lieutenant, her
pinnacles of hair slowmoving, lord lieuten. Too much trouble, first
gentleman said. O, not in the least. Way he looked that. Lord
lieutenant. Gold by bronze heard iron steel.</p>
<p>—............ <em>my ardent soul<br />
I care not foror the morrow.</em></p>
<p>In liver gravy Bloom mashed mashed potatoes. Love and War someone is.
Ben Dollard’s famous. Night he ran round to us to borrow a dress suit
for that concert. Trousers tight as a drum on him. Musical porkers.
Molly did laugh when he went out. Threw herself back across the bed,
screaming, kicking. With all his belongings on show. O saints above, I’m
drenched! O, the women in the front row! O, I never laughed so many!
Well, of course that’s what gives him the base barreltone. For instance
eunuchs. Wonder who’s playing. Nice touch. Must be Cowley. Musical.
Knows whatever note you play. Bad breath he has, poor chap. Stopped.</p>
<p>Miss Douce, engaging, Lydia Douce, bowed to suave solicitor, George
Lidwell, gentleman, entering. Good afternoon. She gave her moist (a
lady’s) hand to his firm clasp. Afternoon. Yes, she was back. To the old
dingdong again.</p>
<p>—Your friends are inside, Mr Lidwell.</p>
<p>George Lidwell, suave, solicited, held a lydiahand.</p>
<p>Bloom ate liv as said before. Clean here at least. That chap in the
Burton, gummy with gristle. No-one here: Goulding and I. Clean tables,
flowers, mitres of napkins. Pat to and fro. Bald Pat. Nothing to do.
Best value in Dub.</p>
<p>Piano again. Cowley it is. Way he sits in to it, like one together,
mutual understanding. Tiresome shapers scraping fiddles, eye on the
bowend, sawing the cello, remind you of toothache. Her high long snore.
Night we were in the box. Trombone under blowing like a grampus, between
the acts, other brass chap unscrewing, emptying spittle. Conductor’s
legs too, bagstrousers, jiggedy jiggedy. Do right to hide them.</p>
<p>Jiggedy jingle jaunty jaunty.</p>
<p>Only the harp. Lovely. Gold glowering light. Girl touched it. Poop of
a lovely. Gravy’s rather good fit for a. Golden ship. Erin. The harp
that once or twice. Cool hands. Ben Howth, the rhododendrons. We are
their harps. I. He. Old. Young.</p>
<p>—Ah, I couldn’t, man, Mr Dedalus said, shy, listless.</p>
<p>Strongly.</p>
<p>—Go on, blast you! Ben Dollard growled. Get it out in bits.</p>
<p>—<em>M’appari,</em> Simon, Father Cowley said.</p>
<p>Down stage he strode some paces, grave, tall in affliction, his long
arms outheld. Hoarsely the apple of his throat hoarsed softly. Softly he
sang to a dusty seascape there: <em>A Last Farewell.</em> A headland, a
ship, a sail upon the billows. Farewell. A lovely girl, her veil awave
upon the wind upon the headland, wind around her.</p>
<p>Cowley sang:</p>
<p><em>—M’appari tutt’amor:<br />
Il mio sguardo l’incontr...</em></p>
<p>She waved, unhearing Cowley, her veil, to one departing, dear one, to
wind, love, speeding sail, return.</p>
<p>—Go on, Simon.</p>
<p>—Ah, sure, my dancing days are done, Ben... Well...</p>
<p>Mr Dedalus laid his pipe to rest beside the tuningfork and, sitting,
touched the obedient keys.</p>
<p>—No, Simon, Father Cowley turned. Play it in the original. One
flat.</p>
<p>The keys, obedient, rose higher, told, faltered, confessed,
confused.</p>
<p>Up stage strode Father Cowley.</p>
<p>—Here, Simon, I’ll accompany you, he said. Get up.</p>
<p>By Graham Lemon’s pineapple rock, by Elvery’s elephant jingly
jogged.</p>
<p>Steak, kidney, liver, mashed, at meat fit for princes sat princes
Bloom and Goulding. Princes at meat they raised and drank, Power and
cider.</p>
<p>Most beautiful tenor air ever written, Richie said:
<em>Sonnambula.</em> He heard Joe Maas sing that one night. Ah, what
M’Guckin! Yes. In his way. Choirboy style. Maas was the boy. Massboy. A
lyrical tenor if you like. Never forget it. Never.</p>
<p>Tenderly Bloom over liverless bacon saw the tightened features
strain. Backache he. Bright’s bright eye. Next item on the programme.
Paying the piper. Pills, pounded bread, worth a guinea a box. Stave it
off awhile. Sings too: <em>Down among the dead men.</em> Appropriate.
Kidney pie. Sweets to the. Not making much hand of it. Best value in.
Characteristic of him. Power. Particular about his drink. Flaw in the
glass, fresh Vartry water. Fecking matches from counters to save. Then
squander a sovereign in dribs and drabs. And when he’s wanted not a
farthing. Screwed refusing to pay his fare. Curious types.</p>
<p>Never would Richie forget that night. As long as he lived: never. In
the gods of the old Royal with little Peake. And when the first
note.</p>
<p>Speech paused on Richie’s lips.</p>
<p>Coming out with a whopper now. Rhapsodies about damn all. Believes
his own lies. Does really. Wonderful liar. But want a good memory.</p>
<p>—Which air is that? asked Leopold Bloom.</p>
<p>—<em>All is lost now</em>.</p>
<p>Richie cocked his lips apout. A low incipient note sweet banshee
murmured: all. A thrush. A throstle. His breath, birdsweet, good teeth
he’s proud of, fluted with plaintive woe. Is lost. Rich sound. Two notes
in one there. Blackbird I heard in the hawthorn valley. Taking my
motives he twined and turned them. All most too new call is lost in all.
Echo. How sweet the answer. How is that done? All lost now. Mournful he
whistled. Fall, surrender, lost.</p>
<p>Bloom bent leopold ear, turning a fringe of doyley down under the
vase. Order. Yes, I remember. Lovely air. In sleep she went to him.
Innocence in the moon. Brave. Don’t know their danger. Still hold her
back. Call name. Touch water. Jingle jaunty. Too late. She longed to go.
That’s why. Woman. As easy stop the sea. Yes: all is lost.</p>
<p>—A beautiful air, said Bloom lost Leopold. I know it well.</p>
<p>Never in all his life had Richie Goulding.</p>
<p>He knows it well too. Or he feels. Still harping on his daughter.
Wise child that knows her father, Dedalus said. Me?</p>
<p>Bloom askance over liverless saw. Face of the all is lost. Rollicking
Richie once. Jokes old stale now. Wagging his ear. Napkinring in his
eye. Now begging letters he sends his son with. Crosseyed Walter sir I
did sir. Wouldn’t trouble only I was expecting some money.
Apologise.</p>
<p>Piano again. Sounds better than last time I heard. Tuned probably.
Stopped again.</p>
<p>Dollard and Cowley still urged the lingering singer out with it.</p>
<p>—With it, Simon.</p>
<p>—It, Simon.</p>
<p>—Ladies and gentlemen, I am most deeply obliged by your kind
solicitations.</p>
<p>—It, Simon.</p>
<p>—I have no money but if you will lend me your attention I shall
endeavour to sing to you of a heart bowed down.</p>
<p>By the sandwichbell in screening shadow Lydia, her bronze and rose, a
lady’s grace, gave and withheld: as in cool glaucous <em>eau de Nil</em>
Mina to tankards two her pinnacles of gold.</p>
<p>The harping chords of prelude closed. A chord, longdrawn, expectant,
drew a voice away.</p>
<p>—<em>When first I saw that form endearing</em>...</p>
<p>Richie turned.</p>
<p>—Si Dedalus’ voice, he said.</p>
<p>Braintipped, cheek touched with flame, they listened feeling that
flow endearing flow over skin limbs human heart soul spine. Bloom signed
to Pat, bald Pat is a waiter hard of hearing, to set ajar the door of
the bar. The door of the bar. So. That will do. Pat, waiter, waited,
waiting to hear, for he was hard of hear by the door.</p>
<p>—<em>Sorrow from me seemed to depart.</em></p>
<p>Through the hush of air a voice sang to them, low, not rain, not
leaves in murmur, like no voice of strings or reeds or whatdoyoucallthem
dulcimers touching their still ears with words, still hearts of their
each his remembered lives. Good, good to hear: sorrow from them each
seemed to from both depart when first they heard. When first they saw,
lost Richie Poldy, mercy of beauty, heard from a person wouldn’t expect
it in the least, her first merciful lovesoft oftloved word.</p>
<p>Love that is singing: love’s old sweet song. Bloom unwound slowly the
elastic band of his packet. Love’s old sweet <em>sonnez la</em> gold.
Bloom wound a skein round four forkfingers, stretched it, relaxed, and
wound it round his troubled double, fourfold, in octave, gyved them
fast.</p>
<p>—<em>Full of hope and all delighted</em>...</p>
<p>Tenors get women by the score. Increase their flow. Throw flower at
his feet. When will we meet? My head it simply. Jingle all delighted. He
can’t sing for tall hats. Your head it simply swurls. Perfumed for him.
What perfume does your wife? I want to know. Jing. Stop. Knock. Last
look at mirror always before she answers the door. The hall. There? How
do you? I do well. There? What? Or? Phial of cachous, kissing comfits,
in her satchel. Yes? Hands felt for the opulent.</p>
<p>Alas the voice rose, sighing, changed: loud, full, shining,
proud.</p>
<p>—<em>But alas, ’twas idle dreaming</em>...</p>
<p>Glorious tone he has still. Cork air softer also their brogue. Silly
man! Could have made oceans of money. Singing wrong words. Wore out his
wife: now sings. But hard to tell. Only the two themselves. If he
doesn’t break down. Keep a trot for the avenue. His hands and feet sing
too. Drink. Nerves overstrung. Must be abstemious to sing. Jenny Lind
soup: stock, sage, raw eggs, half pint of cream. For creamy dreamy.</p>
<p>Tenderness it welled: slow, swelling, full it throbbed. That’s the
chat. Ha, give! Take! Throb, a throb, a pulsing proud erect.</p>
<p>Words? Music? No: it’s what’s behind.</p>
<p>Bloom looped, unlooped, noded, disnoded.</p>
<p>Bloom. Flood of warm jamjam lickitup secretness flowed to flow in
music out, in desire, dark to lick flow invading. Tipping her tepping
her tapping her topping her. Tup. Pores to dilate dilating. Tup. The joy
the feel the warm the. Tup. To pour o’er sluices pouring gushes. Flood,
gush, flow, joygush, tupthrob. Now! Language of love.</p>
<p>—... <em>ray of hope is</em>...</p>
<p>Beaming. Lydia for Lidwell squeak scarcely hear so ladylike the muse
unsqueaked a ray of hopk.</p>
<p><em>Martha</em> it is. Coincidence. Just going to write. Lionel’s
song. Lovely name you have. Can’t write. Accept my little pres. Play on
her heartstrings pursestrings too. She’s a. I called you naughty boy.
Still the name: Martha. How strange! Today.</p>
<p>The voice of Lionel returned, weaker but unwearied. It sang again to
Richie Poldy Lydia Lidwell also sang to Pat open mouth ear waiting to
wait. How first he saw that form endearing, how sorrow seemed to part,
how look, form, word charmed him Gould Lidwell, won Pat Bloom’s
heart.</p>
<p>Wish I could see his face, though. Explain better. Why the barber in
Drago’s always looked my face when I spoke his face in the glass. Still
hear it better here than in the bar though farther.</p>
<p>—<em>Each graceful look</em>...</p>
<p>First night when first I saw her at Mat Dillon’s in Terenure. Yellow,
black lace she wore. Musical chairs. We two the last. Fate. After her.
Fate. Round and round slow. Quick round. We two. All looked. Halt. Down
she sat. All ousted looked. Lips laughing. Yellow knees.</p>
<p>—<em>Charmed my eye</em>...</p>
<p>Singing. <em>Waiting</em> she sang. I turned her music. Full voice of
perfume of what perfume does your lilactrees. Bosom I saw, both full,
throat warbling. First I saw. She thanked me. Why did she me? Fate.
Spanishy eyes. Under a peartree alone patio this hour in old Madrid one
side in shadow Dolores shedolores. At me. Luring. Ah, alluring.</p>
<p>—<em>Martha! Ah, Martha!</em></p>
<p>Quitting all languor Lionel cried in grief, in cry of passion
dominant to love to return with deepening yet with rising chords of
harmony. In cry of lionel loneliness that she should know, must martha
feel. For only her he waited. Where? Here there try there here all try
where. Somewhere.</p>
<p>—<em>Co-ome, thou lost one!<br />
Co-ome, thou dear one!</em></p>
<p>Alone. One love. One hope. One comfort me. Martha, chestnote,
return!</p>
<p><em>—Come!</em></p>
<p>It soared, a bird, it held its flight, a swift pure cry, soar silver
orb it leaped serene, speeding, sustained, to come, don’t spin it out
too long long breath he breath long life, soaring high, high
resplendent, aflame, crowned, high in the effulgence symbolistic, high,
of the etherial bosom, high, of the high vast irradiation everywhere all
soaring all around about the all, the endlessnessnessness...</p>
<p>—<em>To me!</em></p>
<p>Siopold!</p>
<p>Consumed.</p>
<p>Come. Well sung. All clapped. She ought to. Come. To me, to him, to
her, you too, me, us.</p>
<p>—Bravo! Clapclap. Good man, Simon. Clappyclapclap. Encore!
Clapclipclap clap. Sound as a bell. Bravo, Simon! Clapclopclap. Encore,
enclap, said, cried, clapped all, Ben Dollard, Lydia Douce, George
Lidwell, Pat, Mina Kennedy, two gentlemen with two tankards, Cowley,
first gent with tank and bronze Miss Douce and gold Miss Mina.</p>
<p>Blazes Boylan’s smart tan shoes creaked on the barfloor, said before.
Jingle by monuments of sir John Gray, Horatio onehandled Nelson,
reverend father Theobald Mathew, jaunted, as said before just now.
Atrot, in heat, heatseated. <em>Cloche. Sonnez la. Cloche. Sonnez
la.</em> Slower the mare went up the hill by the Rotunda, Rutland
square. Too slow for Boylan, blazes Boylan, impatience Boylan, joggled
the mare.</p>
<p>An afterclang of Cowley’s chords closed, died on the air made
richer.</p>
<p>And Richie Goulding drank his Power and Leopold Bloom his cider
drank, Lidwell his Guinness, second gentleman said they would partake of
two more tankards if she did not mind. Miss Kennedy smirked, disserving,
coral lips, at first, at second. She did not mind.</p>
<p>—Seven days in jail, Ben Dollard said, on bread and water. Then you’d
sing, Simon, like a garden thrush.</p>
<p>Lionel Simon, singer, laughed. Father Bob Cowley played. Mina Kennedy
served. Second gentleman paid. Tom Kernan strutted in. Lydia, admired,
admired. But Bloom sang dumb.</p>
<p>Admiring.</p>
<p>Richie, admiring, descanted on that man’s glorious voice. He
remembered one night long ago. Never forget that night. Si sang
<em>’Twas rank and fame</em>: in Ned Lambert’s ’twas. Good God he never
heard in all his life a note like that he never did <em>then false one
we had better part</em> so clear so God he never heard <em>since love
lives not</em> a clinking voice lives not ask Lambert he can tell you
too.</p>
<p>Goulding, a flush struggling in his pale, told Mr Bloom, face of the
night, Si in Ned Lambert’s, Dedalus house, sang <em>’Twas rank and
fame.</em></p>
<p>He, Mr Bloom, listened while he, Richie Goulding, told him, Mr Bloom,
of the night he, Richie, heard him, Si Dedalus, sing <em>’Twas rank and
fame</em> in his, Ned Lambert’s, house.</p>
<p>Brothers-in-law: relations. We never speak as we pass by. Rift in the
lute I think. Treats him with scorn. See. He admires him all the more.
The night Si sang. The human voice, two tiny silky chords, wonderful,
more than all others.</p>
<p>That voice was a lamentation. Calmer now. It’s in the silence after
you feel you hear. Vibrations. Now silent air.</p>
<p>Bloom ungyved his crisscrossed hands and with slack fingers plucked
the slender catgut thong. He drew and plucked. It buzz, it twanged.
While Goulding talked of Barraclough’s voice production, while Tom
Kernan, harking back in a retrospective sort of arrangement talked to
listening Father Cowley, who played a voluntary, who nodded as he
played. While big Ben Dollard talked with Simon Dedalus, lighting, who
nodded as he smoked, who smoked.</p>
<p>Thou lost one. All songs on that theme. Yet more Bloom stretched his
string. Cruel it seems. Let people get fond of each other: lure them on.
Then tear asunder. Death. Explos. Knock on the head. Outtohelloutofthat.
Human life. Dignam. Ugh, that rat’s tail wriggling! Five bob I gave.
<em>Corpus paradisum.</em> Corncrake croaker: belly like a poisoned pup.
Gone. They sing. Forgotten. I too. And one day she with. Leave her: get
tired. Suffer then. Snivel. Big spanishy eyes goggling at nothing. Her
wavyavyeavyheavyeavyevyevyhair un comb:’d.</p>
<p>Yet too much happy bores. He stretched more, more. Are you not happy
in your? Twang. It snapped.</p>
<p>Jingle into Dorset street.</p>
<p>Miss Douce withdrew her satiny arm, reproachful, pleased.</p>
<p>—Don’t make half so free, said she, till we are better
acquainted.</p>
<p>George Lidwell told her really and truly: but she did not
believe.</p>
<p>First gentleman told Mina that was so. She asked him was that so. And
second tankard told her so. That that was so.</p>
<p>Miss Douce, miss Lydia, did not believe: miss Kennedy, Mina, did not
believe: George Lidwell, no: miss Dou did not: the first, the first:
gent with the tank: believe, no, no: did not, miss Kenn: Lidlydiawell:
the tank.</p>
<p>Better write it here. Quills in the postoffice chewed and
twisted.</p>
<p>Bald Pat at a sign drew nigh. A pen and ink. He went. A pad. He went.
A pad to blot. He heard, deaf Pat.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said, teasing the curling catgut line. It certainly
is. Few lines will do. My present. All that Italian florid music is. Who
is this wrote? Know the name you know better. Take out sheet notepaper,
envelope: unconcerned. It’s so characteristic.</p>
<p>—Grandest number in the whole opera, Goulding said.</p>
<p>—It is, Bloom said.</p>
<p>Numbers it is. All music when you come to think. Two multiplied by
two divided by half is twice one. Vibrations: chords those are. One plus
two plus six is seven. Do anything you like with figures juggling.
Always find out this equal to that. Symmetry under a cemetery wall. He
doesn’t see my mourning. Callous: all for his own gut. Musemathematics.
And you think you’re listening to the etherial. But suppose you said it
like: Martha, seven times nine minus x is thirtyfive thousand. Fall
quite flat. It’s on account of the sounds it is.</p>
<p>Instance he’s playing now. Improvising. Might be what you like, till
you hear the words. Want to listen sharp. Hard. Begin all right: then
hear chords a bit off: feel lost a bit. In and out of sacks, over
barrels, through wirefences, obstacle race. Time makes the tune.
Question of mood you’re in. Still always nice to hear. Except scales up
and down, girls learning. Two together nextdoor neighbours. Ought to
invent dummy pianos for that. <em>Blumenlied</em> I bought for her. The
name. Playing it slow, a girl, night I came home, the girl. Door of the
stables near Cecilia street. Milly no taste. Queer because we both, I
mean.</p>
<p>Bald deaf Pat brought quite flat pad ink. Pat set with ink pen quite
flat pad. Pat took plate dish knife fork. Pat went.</p>
<p>It was the only language Mr Dedalus said to Ben. He heard them as a
boy in Ringabella, Crosshaven, Ringabella, singing their barcaroles.
Queenstown harbour full of Italian ships. Walking, you know, Ben, in the
moonlight with those earthquake hats. Blending their voices. God, such
music, Ben. Heard as a boy. Cross Ringabella haven mooncarole.</p>
<p>Sour pipe removed he held a shield of hand beside his lips that cooed
a moonlight nightcall, clear from anear, a call from afar, replying.</p>
<p>Down the edge of his <em>Freeman</em> baton ranged Bloom’s, your
other eye, scanning for where did I see that. Callan, Coleman, Dignam
Patrick. Heigho! Heigho! Fawcett. Aha! Just I was looking...</p>
<p>Hope he’s not looking, cute as a rat. He held unfurled his
<em>Freeman.</em> Can’t see now. Remember write Greek ees. Bloom dipped,
Bloo mur: dear sir. Dear Henry wrote: dear Mady. Got your lett and flow.
Hell did I put? Some pock or oth. It is utterl imposs. Underline
<em>imposs.</em> To write today.</p>
<p>Bore this. Bored Bloom tambourined gently with I am just reflecting
fingers on flat pad Pat brought.</p>
<p>On. Know what I mean. No, change that ee. Accep my poor litt pres
enclos. Ask her no answ. Hold on. Five Dig. Two about here. Penny the
gulls. Elijah is com. Seven Davy Byrne’s. Is eight about. Say half a
crown. My poor little pres: p. o. two and six. Write me a long. Do you
despise? Jingle, have you the? So excited. Why do you call me naught?
You naughty too? O, Mairy lost the string of her. Bye for today. Yes,
yes, will tell you. Want to. To keep it up. Call me that other. Other
world she wrote. My patience are exhaust. To keep it up. You must
believe. Believe. The tank. It. Is. True.</p>
<p>Folly am I writing? Husbands don’t. That’s marriage does, their
wives. Because I’m away from. Suppose. But how? She must. Keep young. If
she found out. Card in my high grade ha. No, not tell all. Useless pain.
If they don’t see. Woman. Sauce for the gander.</p>
<p>A hackney car, number three hundred and twentyfour, driver Barton
James of number one Harmony avenue, Donnybrook, on which sat a fare, a
young gentleman, stylishly dressed in an indigoblue serge suit made by
George Robert Mesias, tailor and cutter, of number five Eden quay, and
wearing a straw hat very dressy, bought of John Plasto of number one
Great Brunswick street, hatter. Eh? This is the jingle that joggled and
jingled. By Dlugacz’ porkshop bright tubes of Agendath trotted a
gallantbuttocked mare.</p>
<p>—Answering an ad? keen Richie’s eyes asked Bloom.</p>
<p>—Yes, Mr Bloom said. Town traveller. Nothing doing, I expect.</p>
<p>Bloom mur: best references. But Henry wrote: it will excite me. You
know how. In haste. Henry. Greek ee. Better add postscript. What is he
playing now? Improvising. Intermezzo. P. S. The rum tum tum. How will
you pun? You punish me? Crooked skirt swinging, whack by. Tell me I want
to. Know. O. Course if I didn’t I wouldn’t ask. La la la ree. Trails off
there sad in minor. Why minor sad? Sign H. They like sad tail at end. P.
P. S. La la la ree. I feel so sad today. La ree. So lonely. Dee.</p>
<p>He blotted quick on pad of Pat. Envel. Address. Just copy out of
paper. Murmured: Messrs Callan, Coleman and Co, limited. Henry
wrote:</p>
<p>Miss Martha Clifford<br />
    c/o P. O.<br />
        Dolphin’s Barn Lane<br />
            Dublin.</p>
<p>Blot over the other so he can’t read. There. Right. Idea prize
titbit. Something detective read off blottingpad. Payment at the rate of
guinea per col. Matcham often thinks the laughing witch. Poor Mrs
Purefoy. U. P: up.</p>
<p>Too poetical that about the sad. Music did that. Music hath charms.
Shakespeare said. Quotations every day in the year. To be or not to be.
Wisdom while you wait.</p>
<p>In Gerard’s rosery of Fetter lane he walks, greyedauburn. One life is
all. One body. Do. But do.</p>
<p>Done anyhow. Postal order, stamp. Postoffice lower down. Walk now.
Enough. Barney Kiernan’s I promised to meet them. Dislike that job.
House of mourning. Walk. Pat! Doesn’t hear. Deaf beetle he is.</p>
<p>Car near there now. Talk. Talk. Pat! Doesn’t. Settling those napkins.
Lot of ground he must cover in the day. Paint face behind on him then
he’d be two. Wish they’d sing more. Keep my mind off.</p>
<p>Bald Pat who is bothered mitred the napkins. Pat is a waiter hard of
his hearing. Pat is a waiter who waits while you wait. Hee hee hee hee.
He waits while you wait. Hee hee. A waiter is he. Hee hee hee hee. He
waits while you wait. While you wait if you wait he will wait while you
wait. Hee hee hee hee. Hoh. Wait while you wait.</p>
<p>Douce now. Douce Lydia. Bronze and rose.</p>
<p>She had a gorgeous, simply gorgeous, time. And look at the lovely
shell she brought.</p>
<p>To the end of the bar to him she bore lightly the spiked and winding
seahorn that he, George Lidwell, solicitor, might hear.</p>
<p>—Listen! she bade him.</p>
<p>Under Tom Kernan’s ginhot words the accompanist wove music slow.
Authentic fact. How Walter Bapty lost his voice. Well, sir, the husband
took him by the throat. <em>Scoundrel,</em> said he, <em>You’ll sing no
more lovesongs.</em> He did, faith, sir Tom. Bob Cowley wove. Tenors get
wom. Cowley lay back.</p>
<p>Ah, now he heard, she holding it to his ear. Hear! He heard.
Wonderful. She held it to her own. And through the sifted light pale
gold in contrast glided. To hear.</p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>Bloom through the bardoor saw a shell held at their ears. He heard
more faintly that that they heard, each for herself alone, then each for
other, hearing the plash of waves, loudly, a silent roar.</p>
<p>Bronze by a weary gold, anear, afar, they listened.</p>
<p>Her ear too is a shell, the peeping lobe there. Been to the seaside.
Lovely seaside girls. Skin tanned raw. Should have put on coldcream
first make it brown. Buttered toast. O and that lotion mustn’t forget.
Fever near her mouth. Your head it simply. Hair braided over: shell with
seaweed. Why do they hide their ears with seaweed hair? And Turks the
mouth, why? Her eyes over the sheet. Yashmak. Find the way in. A cave.
No admittance except on business.</p>
<p>The sea they think they hear. Singing. A roar. The blood it is. Souse
in the ear sometimes. Well, it’s a sea. Corpuscle islands.</p>
<p>Wonderful really. So distinct. Again. George Lidwell held its murmur,
hearing: then laid it by, gently.</p>
<p>—What are the wild waves saying? he asked her, smiled.</p>
<p>Charming, seasmiling and unanswering Lydia on Lidwell smiled.</p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>By Larry O’Rourke’s, by Larry, bold Larry O’, Boylan swayed and
Boylan turned.</p>
<p>From the forsaken shell miss Mina glided to her tankards waiting. No,
she was not so lonely archly miss Douce’s head let Mr Lidwell know.
Walks in the moonlight by the sea. No, not alone. With whom? She nobly
answered: with a gentleman friend.</p>
<p>Bob Cowley’s twinkling fingers in the treble played again. The
landlord has the prior. A little time. Long John. Big Ben. Lightly he
played a light bright tinkling measure for tripping ladies, arch and
smiling, and for their gallants, gentlemen friends. One: one, one, one,
one, one: two, one, three, four.</p>
<p>Sea, wind, leaves, thunder, waters, cows lowing, the cattlemarket,
cocks, hens don’t crow, snakes hissss. There’s music everywhere.
Ruttledge’s door: ee creaking. No, that’s noise. Minuet of <em>Don
Giovanni</em> he’s playing now. Court dresses of all descriptions in
castle chambers dancing. Misery. Peasants outside. Green starving faces
eating dockleaves. Nice that is. Look: look, look, look, look, look: you
look at us.</p>
<p>That’s joyful I can feel. Never have written it. Why? My joy is other
joy. But both are joys. Yes, joy it must be. Mere fact of music shows
you are. Often thought she was in the dumps till she began to lilt. Then
know.</p>
<p>M’Coy valise. My wife and your wife. Squealing cat. Like tearing
silk. Tongue when she talks like the clapper of a bellows. They can’t
manage men’s intervals. Gap in their voices too. Fill me. I’m warm,
dark, open. Molly in <em>quis est homo</em>: Mercadante. My ear against
the wall to hear. Want a woman who can deliver the goods.</p>
<p>Jog jig jogged stopped. Dandy tan shoe of dandy Boylan socks skyblue
clocks came light to earth.</p>
<p>O, look we are so! Chamber music. Could make a kind of pun on that.
It is a kind of music I often thought when she. Acoustics that is.
Tinkling. Empty vessels make most noise. Because the acoustics, the
resonance changes according as the weight of the water is equal to the
law of falling water. Like those rhapsodies of Liszt’s, Hungarian,
gipsyeyed. Pearls. Drops. Rain. Diddleiddle addleaddle ooddleooddle.
Hissss. Now. Maybe now. Before.</p>
<p>One rapped on a door, one tapped with a knock, did he knock Paul de
Kock with a loud proud knocker with a cock carracarracarra cock.
Cockcock.</p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>—<em>Qui sdegno,</em> Ben, said Father Cowley.</p>
<p>—No, Ben, Tom Kernan interfered. <em>The Croppy Boy.</em> Our native
Doric.</p>
<p>—Ay do, Ben, Mr Dedalus said. Good men and true.</p>
<p>—Do, do, they begged in one.</p>
<p>I’ll go. Here, Pat, return. Come. He came, he came, he did not stay.
To me. How much?</p>
<p>—What key? Six sharps?</p>
<p>—F sharp major, Ben Dollard said.</p>
<p>Bob Cowley’s outstretched talons griped the black deepsounding
chords.</p>
<p>Must go prince Bloom told Richie prince. No, Richie said. Yes, must.
Got money somewhere. He’s on for a razzle backache spree. Much? He
seehears lipspeech. One and nine. Penny for yourself. Here. Give him
twopence tip. Deaf, bothered. But perhaps he has wife and family
waiting, waiting Patty come home. Hee hee hee hee. Deaf wait while they
wait.</p>
<p>But wait. But hear. Chords dark. Lugugugubrious. Low. In a cave of
the dark middle earth. Embedded ore. Lumpmusic.</p>
<p>The voice of dark age, of unlove, earth’s fatigue made grave approach
and painful, come from afar, from hoary mountains, called on good men
and true. The priest he sought. With him would he speak a word.</p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard’s voice. Base barreltone. Doing his level best to say it.
Croak of vast manless moonless womoonless marsh. Other comedown. Big
ships’ chandler’s business he did once. Remember: rosiny ropes, ships’
lanterns. Failed to the tune of ten thousand pounds. Now in the Iveagh
home. Cubicle number so and so. Number one Bass did that for him.</p>
<p>The priest’s at home. A false priest’s servant bade him welcome. Step
in. The holy father. With bows a traitor servant. Curlycues of
chords.</p>
<p>Ruin them. Wreck their lives. Then build them cubicles to end their
days in. Hushaby. Lullaby. Die, dog. Little dog, die.</p>
<p>The voice of warning, solemn warning, told them the youth had entered
a lonely hall, told them how solemn fell his footsteps there, told them
the gloomy chamber, the vested priest sitting to shrive.</p>
<p>Decent soul. Bit addled now. Thinks he’ll win in <em>Answers</em>,
poets’ picture puzzle. We hand you crisp five pound note. Bird sitting
hatching in a nest. Lay of the last minstrel he thought it was. See
blank tee what domestic animal? Tee dash ar most courageous mariner.
Good voice he has still. No eunuch yet with all his belongings.</p>
<p>Listen. Bloom listened. Richie Goulding listened. And by the door
deaf Pat, bald Pat, tipped Pat, listened.</p>
<p>The chords harped slower.</p>
<p>The voice of penance and of grief came slow, embellished, tremulous.
Ben’s contrite beard confessed. <em>in nomine Domini,</em> in God’s name
he knelt. He beat his hand upon his breast, confessing: <em>mea
culpa.</em></p>
<p>Latin again. That holds them like birdlime. Priest with the communion
corpus for those women. Chap in the mortuary, coffin or coffey,
<em>corpusnomine.</em> Wonder where that rat is by now. Scrape.</p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>They listened. Tankards and miss Kennedy. George Lidwell, eyelid well
expressive, fullbusted satin. Kernan. Si.</p>
<p>The sighing voice of sorrow sang. His sins. Since Easter he had
cursed three times. You bitch’s bast. And once at masstime he had gone
to play. Once by the churchyard he had passed and for his mother’s rest
he had not prayed. A boy. A croppy boy.</p>
<p>Bronze, listening, by the beerpull gazed far away. Soulfully. Doesn’t
half know I’m. Molly great dab at seeing anyone looking.</p>
<p>Bronze gazed far sideways. Mirror there. Is that best side of her
face? They always know. Knock at the door. Last tip to titivate.</p>
<p>Cockcarracarra.</p>
<p>What do they think when they hear music? Way to catch rattlesnakes.
Night Michael Gunn gave us the box. Tuning up. Shah of Persia liked that
best. Remind him of home sweet home. Wiped his nose in curtain too.
Custom his country perhaps. That’s music too. Not as bad as it sounds.
Tootling. Brasses braying asses through uptrunks. Doublebasses helpless,
gashes in their sides. Woodwinds mooing cows. Semigrand open crocodile
music hath jaws. Woodwind like Goodwin’s name.</p>
<p>She looked fine. Her crocus dress she wore lowcut, belongings on
show. Clove her breath was always in theatre when she bent to ask a
question. Told her what Spinoza says in that book of poor papa’s.
Hypnotised, listening. Eyes like that. She bent. Chap in dresscircle
staring down into her with his operaglass for all he was worth. Beauty
of music you must hear twice. Nature woman half a look. God made the
country man the tune. Met him pike hoses. Philosophy. O rocks!</p>
<p>All gone. All fallen. At the siege of Ross his father, at Gorey all
his brothers fell. To Wexford, we are the boys of Wexford, he would.
Last of his name and race.</p>
<p>I too. Last of my race. Milly young student. Well, my fault perhaps.
No son. Rudy. Too late now. Or if not? If not? If still?</p>
<p>He bore no hate.</p>
<p>Hate. Love. Those are names. Rudy. Soon I am old.</p>
<p>Big Ben his voice unfolded. Great voice Richie Goulding said, a flush
struggling in his pale, to Bloom soon old. But when was young?</p>
<p>Ireland comes now. My country above the king. She listens. Who fears
to speak of nineteen four? Time to be shoving. Looked enough.</p>
<p>—<em>Bless me, father,</em> Dollard the croppy cried. <em>Bless me
and let me go.</em></p>
<p>Tap.</p>
<p>Bloom looked, unblessed to go. Got up to kill: on eighteen bob a
week. Fellows shell out the dibs. Want to keep your weathereye open.
Those girls, those lovely. By the sad sea waves. Chorusgirl’s romance.
Letters read out for breach of promise. From Chickabiddy’s owny
Mumpsypum. Laughter in court. Henry. I never signed it. The lovely name
you.</p>
<p>Low sank the music, air and words. Then hastened. The false priest
rustling soldier from his cassock. A yeoman captain. They know it all by
heart. The thrill they itch for. Yeoman cap.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Thrilled she listened, bending in sympathy to hear.</p>
<p>Blank face. Virgin should say: or fingered only. Write something on
it: page. If not what becomes of them? Decline, despair. Keeps them
young. Even admire themselves. See. Play on her. Lip blow. Body of white
woman, a flute alive. Blow gentle. Loud. Three holes, all women. Goddess
I didn’t see. They want it. Not too much polite. That’s why he gets
them. Gold in your pocket, brass in your face. Say something. Make her
hear. With look to look. Songs without words. Molly, that hurdygurdy
boy. She knew he meant the monkey was sick. Or because so like the
Spanish. Understand animals too that way. Solomon did. Gift of
nature.</p>
<p>Ventriloquise. My lips closed. Think in my stom. What?</p>
<p>Will? You? I. Want. You. To.</p>
<p>With hoarse rude fury the yeoman cursed, swelling in apoplectic
bitch’s bastard. A good thought, boy, to come. One hour’s your time to
live, your last.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Thrill now. Pity they feel. To wipe away a tear for martyrs that want
to, dying to, die. For all things dying, for all things born. Poor Mrs
Purefoy. Hope she’s over. Because their wombs.</p>
<p>A liquid of womb of woman eyeball gazed under a fence of lashes,
calmly, hearing. See real beauty of the eye when she not speaks. On
yonder river. At each slow satiny heaving bosom’s wave (her heaving
embon) red rose rose slowly sank red rose. Heartbeats: her breath:
breath that is life. And all the tiny tiny fernfoils trembled of
maidenhair.</p>
<p>But look. The bright stars fade. O rose! Castile. The morn. Ha.
Lidwell. For him then not for. Infatuated. I like that? See her from
here though. Popped corks, splashes of beerfroth, stacks of empties.</p>
<p>On the smooth jutting beerpull laid Lydia hand, lightly, plumply,
leave it to my hands. All lost in pity for croppy. Fro, to: to, fro:
over the polished knob (she knows his eyes, my eyes, her eyes) her thumb
and finger passed in pity: passed, reposed and, gently touching, then
slid so smoothly, slowly down, a cool firm white enamel baton protruding
through their sliding ring.</p>
<p>With a cock with a carra.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>I hold this house. Amen. He gnashed in fury. Traitors swing.</p>
<p>The chords consented. Very sad thing. But had to be.</p>
<p>Get out before the end. Thanks, that was heavenly. Where’s my hat.
Pass by her. Can leave that <em>Freeman</em>. Letter I have. Suppose she
were the? No. Walk, walk, walk. Like Cashel Boylo Connoro Coylo Tisdall
Maurice Tisntdall Farrell. Waaaaaaalk.</p>
<p>Well, I must be. Are you off? Yrfmstbyes. Blmstup. O’er ryehigh blue.
Ow. Bloom stood up. Soap feeling rather sticky behind. Must have
sweated: music. That lotion, remember. Well, so long. High grade. Card
inside. Yes.</p>
<p>By deaf Pat in the doorway straining ear Bloom passed.</p>
<p>At Geneva barrack that young man died. At Passage was his body laid.
Dolor! O, he dolores! The voice of the mournful chanter called to
dolorous prayer.</p>
<p>By rose, by satiny bosom, by the fondling hand, by slops, by empties,
by popped corks, greeting in going, past eyes and maidenhair, bronze and
faint gold in deepseashadow, went Bloom, soft Bloom, I feel so lonely
Bloom.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Pray for him, prayed the bass of Dollard. You who hear in peace.
Breathe a prayer, drop a tear, good men, good people. He was the croppy
boy.</p>
<p>Scaring eavesdropping boots croppy bootsboy Bloom in the Ormond
hallway heard the growls and roars of bravo, fat backslapping, their
boots all treading, boots not the boots the boy. General chorus off for
a swill to wash it down. Glad I avoided.</p>
<p>—Come on, Ben, Simon Dedalus cried. By God, you’re as good as ever
you were.</p>
<p>—Better, said Tomgin Kernan. Most trenchant rendition of that ballad,
upon my soul and honour it is.</p>
<p>—Lablache, said Father Cowley.</p>
<p>Ben Dollard bulkily cachuchad towards the bar, mightily praisefed and
all big roseate, on heavyfooted feet, his gouty fingers nakkering
castagnettes in the air.</p>
<p>Big Benaben Dollard. Big Benben. Big Benben.</p>
<p>Rrr.</p>
<p>And deepmoved all, Simon trumping compassion from foghorn nose, all
laughing they brought him forth, Ben Dollard, in right good cheer.</p>
<p>—You’re looking rubicund, George Lidwell said.</p>
<p>Miss Douce composed her rose to wait.</p>
<p>—Ben machree, said Mr Dedalus, clapping Ben’s fat back shoulderblade.
Fit as a fiddle only he has a lot of adipose tissue concealed about his
person.</p>
<p>Rrrrrrrsss.</p>
<p>—Fat of death, Simon, Ben Dollard growled.</p>
<p>Richie rift in the lute alone sat: Goulding, Collis, Ward.
Uncertainly he waited. Unpaid Pat too.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Miss Mina Kennedy brought near her lips to ear of tankard one.</p>
<p>—Mr Dollard, they murmured low.</p>
<p>—Dollard, murmured tankard.</p>
<p>Tank one believed: miss Kenn when she: that doll he was: she doll:
the tank.</p>
<p>He murmured that he knew the name. The name was familiar to him, that
is to say. That was to say he had heard the name of. Dollard, was it?
Dollard, yes.</p>
<p>Yes, her lips said more loudly, Mr Dollard. He sang that song lovely,
murmured Mina. Mr Dollard. And <em>The last rose of summer</em> was a
lovely song. Mina loved that song. Tankard loved the song that Mina.</p>
<p>’Tis the last rose of summer dollard left bloom felt wind wound round
inside.</p>
<p>Gassy thing that cider: binding too. Wait. Postoffice near Reuben J’s
one and eightpence too. Get shut of it. Dodge round by Greek street.
Wish I hadn’t promised to meet. Freer in air. Music. Gets on your
nerves. Beerpull. Her hand that rocks the cradle rules the. Ben Howth.
That rules the world.</p>
<p>Far. Far. Far. Far.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Up the quay went Lionelleopold, naughty Henry with letter for Mady,
with sweets of sin with frillies for Raoul with met him pike hoses went
Poldy on.</p>
<p>Tap blind walked tapping by the tap the curbstone tapping, tap by
tap.</p>
<p>Cowley, he stuns himself with it: kind of drunkenness. Better give
way only half way the way of a man with a maid. Instance enthusiasts.
All ears. Not lose a demisemiquaver. Eyes shut. Head nodding in time.
Dotty. You daren’t budge. Thinking strictly prohibited. Always talking
shop. Fiddlefaddle about notes.</p>
<p>All a kind of attempt to talk. Unpleasant when it stops because you
never know exac. Organ in Gardiner street. Old Glynn fifty quid a year.
Queer up there in the cockloft, alone, with stops and locks and keys.
Seated all day at the organ. Maunder on for hours, talking to himself or
the other fellow blowing the bellows. Growl angry, then shriek cursing
(want to have wadding or something in his no don’t she cried), then all
of a soft sudden wee little wee little pipy wind.</p>
<p>Pwee! A wee little wind piped eeee. In Bloom’s little wee.</p>
<p>—Was he? Mr Dedalus said, returning with fetched pipe. I was with him
this morning at poor little Paddy Dignam’s...</p>
<p>—Ay, the Lord have mercy on him.</p>
<p>—By the bye there’s a tuningfork in there on the...</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>—The wife has a fine voice. Or had. What? Lidwell asked.</p>
<p>—O, that must be the tuner, Lydia said to Simonlionel first I saw,
forgot it when he was here.</p>
<p>Blind he was she told George Lidwell second I saw. And played so
exquisitely, treat to hear. Exquisite contrast: bronzelid, minagold.</p>
<p>—Shout! Ben Dollard shouted, pouring. Sing out!</p>
<p>—’lldo! cried Father Cowley.</p>
<p>Rrrrrr.</p>
<p>I feel I want...</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap</p>
<p>—Very, Mr Dedalus said, staring hard at a headless sardine.</p>
<p>Under the sandwichbell lay on a bier of bread one last, one lonely,
last sardine of summer. Bloom alone.</p>
<p>—Very, he stared. The lower register, for choice.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap. Tap.</p>
<p>Bloom went by Barry’s. Wish I could. Wait. That wonderworker if I
had. Twentyfour solicitors in that one house. Counted them. Litigation.
Love one another. Piles of parchment. Messrs Pick and Pocket have power
of attorney. Goulding, Collis, Ward.</p>
<p>But for example the chap that wallops the big drum. His vocation:
Mickey Rooney’s band. Wonder how it first struck him. Sitting at home
after pig’s cheek and cabbage nursing it in the armchair. Rehearsing his
band part. Pom. Pompedy. Jolly for the wife. Asses’ skins. Welt them
through life, then wallop after death. Pom. Wallop. Seems to be what you
call yashmak or I mean kismet. Fate.</p>
<p>Tap. Tap. A stripling, blind, with a tapping cane came taptaptapping
by Daly’s window where a mermaid hair all streaming (but he couldn’t
see) blew whiffs of a mermaid (blind couldn’t), mermaid, coolest whiff
of all.</p>
<p>Instruments. A blade of grass, shell of her hands, then blow. Even
comb and tissuepaper you can knock a tune out of. Molly in her shift in
Lombard street west, hair down. I suppose each kind of trade made its
own, don’t you see? Hunter with a horn. Haw. Have you the? <em>Cloche.
Sonnez la.</em> Shepherd his pipe. Pwee little wee. Policeman a whistle.
Locks and keys! Sweep! Four o’clock’s all’s well! Sleep! All is lost
now. Drum? Pompedy. Wait. I know. Towncrier, bumbailiff. Long John.
Waken the dead. Pom. Dignam. Poor little <em>nominedomine.</em> Pom. It
is music. I mean of course it’s all pom pom pom very much what they call
<em>da capo.</em> Still you can hear. As we march, we march along, march
along. Pom.</p>
<p>I must really. Fff. Now if I did that at a banquet. Just a question
of custom shah of Persia. Breathe a prayer, drop a tear. All the same he
must have been a bit of a natural not to see it was a yeoman cap.
Muffled up. Wonder who was that chap at the grave in the brown macin. O,
the whore of the lane!</p>
<p>A frowsy whore with black straw sailor hat askew came glazily in the
day along the quay towards Mr Bloom. When first he saw that form
endearing? Yes, it is. I feel so lonely. Wet night in the lane. Horn.
Who had the? Heehaw shesaw. Off her beat here. What is she? Hope she.
Psst! Any chance of your wash. Knew Molly. Had me decked. Stout lady
does be with you in the brown costume. Put you off your stroke, that.
Appointment we made knowing we’d never, well hardly ever. Too dear too
near to home sweet home. Sees me, does she? Looks a fright in the day.
Face like dip. Damn her. O, well, she has to live like the rest. Look in
here.</p>
<p>In Lionel Marks’s antique saleshop window haughty Henry Lionel
Leopold dear Henry Flower earnestly Mr Leopold Bloom envisaged battered
candlesticks melodeon oozing maggoty blowbags. Bargain: six bob. Might
learn to play. Cheap. Let her pass. Course everything is dear if you
don’t want it. That’s what good salesman is. Make you buy what he wants
to sell. Chap sold me the Swedish razor he shaved me with. Wanted to
charge me for the edge he gave it. She’s passing now. Six bob.</p>
<p>Must be the cider or perhaps the burgund.</p>
<p>Near bronze from anear near gold from afar they chinked their
clinking glasses all, brighteyed and gallant, before bronze Lydia’s
tempting last rose of summer, rose of Castile. First Lid, De, Cow, Ker,
Doll, a fifth: Lidwell, Si Dedalus, Bob Cowley, Kernan and big Ben
Dollard.</p>
<p>Tap. A youth entered a lonely Ormond hall.</p>
<p>Bloom viewed a gallant pictured hero in Lionel Marks’s window. Robert
Emmet’s last words. Seven last words. Of Meyerbeer that is.</p>
<p>—True men like you men.</p>
<p>—Ay, ay, Ben.</p>
<p>—Will lift your glass with us.</p>
<p>They lifted.</p>
<p>Tschink. Tschunk.</p>
<p>Tip. An unseeing stripling stood in the door. He saw not bronze. He
saw not gold. Nor Ben nor Bob nor Tom nor Si nor George nor tanks nor
Richie nor Pat. Hee hee hee hee. He did not see.</p>
<p>Seabloom, greaseabloom viewed last words. Softly. <em>When my country
takes her place among.</em></p>
<p>Prrprr.</p>
<p>Must be the bur.</p>
<p>Fff! Oo. Rrpr.</p>
<p><em>Nations of the earth.</em> No-one behind. She’s passed. <em>Then
and not till then.</em> Tram kran kran kran. Good oppor. Coming.
Krandlkrankran. I’m sure it’s the burgund. Yes. One, two. <em>Let my
epitaph be.</em> Kraaaaaa. <em>Written. I have.</em></p>
<p>Pprrpffrrppffff.</p>
<p><em>Done.</em></p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html_pgepubid00078"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-12.htm.html_chap12"></span>[ 12
]</h3>
<p>I was just passing the time of day with old Troy of the D. M. P. at
the corner of Arbour hill there and be damned but a bloody sweep came
along and he near drove his gear into my eye. I turned around to let him
have the weight of my tongue when who should I see dodging along Stony
Batter only Joe Hynes.</p>
<p>—Lo, Joe, says I. How are you blowing? Did you see that bloody
chimneysweep near shove my eye out with his brush?</p>
<p>—Soot’s luck, says Joe. Who’s the old ballocks you were talking
to?</p>
<p>—Old Troy, says I, was in the force. I’m on two minds not to give
that fellow in charge for obstructing the thoroughfare with his brooms
and ladders.</p>
<p>—What are you doing round those parts? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Devil a much, says I. There’s a bloody big foxy thief beyond by the
garrison church at the corner of Chicken lane—old Troy was just giving
me a wrinkle about him—lifted any God’s quantity of tea and sugar to pay
three bob a week said he had a farm in the county Down off a
hop-of-my-thumb by the name of Moses Herzog over there near Heytesbury
street.</p>
<p>—Circumcised? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Ay, says I. A bit off the top. An old plumber named Geraghty. I’m
hanging on to his taw now for the past fortnight and I can’t get a penny
out of him.</p>
<p>—That the lay you’re on now? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Ay, says I. How are the mighty fallen! Collector of bad and doubtful
debts. But that’s the most notorious bloody robber you’d meet in a day’s
walk and the face on him all pockmarks would hold a shower of rain.
<em>Tell him,</em> says he, <em>I dare him,</em> says he, <em>and I
doubledare him to send you round here again or if he does,</em> says he,
<em>I’ll have him summonsed up before the court, so I will, for trading
without a licence.</em> And he after stuffing himself till he’s fit to
burst. Jesus, I had to laugh at the little jewy getting his shirt out.
<em>He drink me my teas. He eat me my sugars. Because he no pay me my
moneys?</em></p>
<p>For nonperishable goods bought of Moses Herzog, of 13 Saint Kevin’s
parade in the city of Dublin, Wood quay ward, merchant, hereinafter
called the vendor, and sold and delivered to Michael E. Geraghty,
esquire, of 29 Arbour hill in the city of Dublin, Arran quay ward,
gentleman, hereinafter called the purchaser, videlicet, five pounds
avoirdupois of first choice tea at three shillings and no pence per
pound avoirdupois and three stone avoirdupois of sugar, crushed crystal,
at threepence per pound avoirdupois, the said purchaser debtor to the
said vendor of one pound five shillings and sixpence sterling for value
received which amount shall be paid by said purchaser to said vendor in
weekly instalments every seven calendar days of three shillings and no
pence sterling: and the said nonperishable goods shall not be pawned or
pledged or sold or otherwise alienated by the said purchaser but shall
be and remain and be held to be the sole and exclusive property of the
said vendor to be disposed of at his good will and pleasure until the
said amount shall have been duly paid by the said purchaser to the said
vendor in the manner herein set forth as this day hereby agreed between
the said vendor, his heirs, successors, trustees and assigns of the one
part and the said purchaser, his heirs, successors, trustees and assigns
of the other part.</p>
<p>—Are you a strict t.t.? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Not taking anything between drinks, says I.</p>
<p>—What about paying our respects to our friend? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Who? says I. Sure, he’s out in John of God’s off his head, poor
man.</p>
<p>—Drinking his own stuff? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Ay, says I. Whisky and water on the brain.</p>
<p>—Come around to Barney Kiernan’s, says Joe. I want to see the
citizen.</p>
<p>—Barney mavourneen’s be it, says I. Anything strange or wonderful,
Joe?</p>
<p>—Not a word, says Joe. I was up at that meeting in the City Arms.</p>
<p>—What was that, Joe? says I.</p>
<p>—Cattle traders, says Joe, about the foot and mouth disease. I want
to give the citizen the hard word about it.</p>
<p>So we went around by the Linenhall barracks and the back of the
courthouse talking of one thing or another. Decent fellow Joe when he
has it but sure like that he never has it. Jesus, I couldn’t get over
that bloody foxy Geraghty, the daylight robber. For trading without a
licence, says he.</p>
<p>In Inisfail the fair there lies a land, the land of holy Michan.
There rises a watchtower beheld of men afar. There sleep the mighty dead
as in life they slept, warriors and princes of high renown. A pleasant
land it is in sooth of murmuring waters, fishful streams where sport the
gurnard, the plaice, the roach, the halibut, the gibbed haddock, the
grilse, the dab, the brill, the flounder, the pollock, the mixed coarse
fish generally and other denizens of the aqueous kingdom too numerous to
be enumerated. In the mild breezes of the west and of the east the lofty
trees wave in different directions their firstclass foliage, the wafty
sycamore, the Lebanonian cedar, the exalted planetree, the eugenic
eucalyptus and other ornaments of the arboreal world with which that
region is thoroughly well supplied. Lovely maidens sit in close
proximity to the roots of the lovely trees singing the most lovely songs
while they play with all kinds of lovely objects as for example golden
ingots, silvery fishes, crans of herrings, drafts of eels, codlings,
creels of fingerlings, purple seagems and playful insects. And heroes
voyage from afar to woo them, from Eblana to Slievemargy, the peerless
princes of unfettered Munster and of Connacht the just and of smooth
sleek Leinster and of Cruachan’s land and of Armagh the splendid and of
the noble district of Boyle, princes, the sons of kings.</p>
<p>And there rises a shining palace whose crystal glittering roof is
seen by mariners who traverse the extensive sea in barks built expressly
for that purpose, and thither come all herds and fatlings and
firstfruits of that land for O’Connell Fitzsimon takes toll of them, a
chieftain descended from chieftains. Thither the extremely large wains
bring foison of the fields, flaskets of cauliflowers, floats of spinach,
pineapple chunks, Rangoon beans, strikes of tomatoes, drums of figs,
drills of Swedes, spherical potatoes and tallies of iridescent kale,
York and Savoy, and trays of onions, pearls of the earth, and punnets of
mushrooms and custard marrows and fat vetches and bere and rape and red
green yellow brown russet sweet big bitter ripe pomellated apples and
chips of strawberries and sieves of gooseberries, pulpy and pelurious,
and strawberries fit for princes and raspberries from their canes.</p>
<p>I dare him, says he, and I doubledare him. Come out here, Geraghty,
you notorious bloody hill and dale robber!</p>
<p>And by that way wend the herds innumerable of bellwethers and flushed
ewes and shearling rams and lambs and stubble geese and medium steers
and roaring mares and polled calves and longwools and storesheep and
Cuffe’s prime springers and culls and sowpigs and baconhogs and the
various different varieties of highly distinguished swine and Angus
heifers and polly bullocks of immaculate pedigree together with prime
premiated milchcows and beeves: and there is ever heard a trampling,
cackling, roaring, lowing, bleating, bellowing, rumbling, grunting,
champing, chewing, of sheep and pigs and heavyhooved kine from
pasturelands of Lusk and Rush and Carrickmines and from the streamy
vales of Thomond, from the M’Gillicuddy’s reeks the inaccessible and
lordly Shannon the unfathomable, and from the gentle declivities of the
place of the race of Kiar, their udders distended with superabundance of
milk and butts of butter and rennets of cheese and farmer’s firkins and
targets of lamb and crannocks of corn and oblong eggs in great hundreds,
various in size, the agate with this dun.</p>
<p>So we turned into Barney Kiernan’s and there, sure enough, was the
citizen up in the corner having a great confab with himself and that
bloody mangy mongrel, Garryowen, and he waiting for what the sky would
drop in the way of drink.</p>
<p>—There he is, says I, in his gloryhole, with his cruiskeen lawn and
his load of papers, working for the cause.</p>
<p>The bloody mongrel let a grouse out of him would give you the creeps.
Be a corporal work of mercy if someone would take the life of that
bloody dog. I’m told for a fact he ate a good part of the breeches off a
constabulary man in Santry that came round one time with a blue paper
about a licence.</p>
<p>—Stand and deliver, says he.</p>
<p>—That’s all right, citizen, says Joe. Friends here.</p>
<p>—Pass, friends, says he.</p>
<p>Then he rubs his hand in his eye and says he:</p>
<p>—What’s your opinion of the times?</p>
<p>Doing the rapparee and Rory of the hill. But, begob, Joe was equal to
the occasion.</p>
<p>—I think the markets are on a rise, says he, sliding his hand down
his fork.</p>
<p>So begob the citizen claps his paw on his knee and he says:</p>
<p>—Foreign wars is the cause of it.</p>
<p>And says Joe, sticking his thumb in his pocket:</p>
<p>—It’s the Russians wish to tyrannise.</p>
<p>—Arrah, give over your bloody codding, Joe, says I. I’ve a thirst on
me I wouldn’t sell for half a crown.</p>
<p>—Give it a name, citizen, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Wine of the country, says he.</p>
<p>—What’s yours? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Ditto MacAnaspey, says I.</p>
<p>—Three pints, Terry, says Joe. And how’s the old heart, citizen? says
he.</p>
<p>—Never better, <em>a chara</em>, says he. What Garry? Are we going to
win? Eh?</p>
<p>And with that he took the bloody old towser by the scruff of the neck
and, by Jesus, he near throttled him.</p>
<p>The figure seated on a large boulder at the foot of a round tower was
that of a broadshouldered deepchested stronglimbed frankeyed redhaired
freelyfreckled shaggybearded widemouthed largenosed longheaded
deepvoiced barekneed brawnyhanded hairylegged ruddyfaced sinewyarmed
hero. From shoulder to shoulder he measured several ells and his
rocklike mountainous knees were covered, as was likewise the rest of his
body wherever visible, with a strong growth of tawny prickly hair in hue
and toughness similar to the mountain gorse (<em>Ulex Europeus</em>).
The widewinged nostrils, from which bristles of the same tawny hue
projected, were of such capaciousness that within their cavernous
obscurity the fieldlark might easily have lodged her nest. The eyes in
which a tear and a smile strove ever for the mastery were of the
dimensions of a goodsized cauliflower. A powerful current of warm breath
issued at regular intervals from the profound cavity of his mouth while
in rhythmic resonance the loud strong hale reverberations of his
formidable heart thundered rumblingly causing the ground, the summit of
the lofty tower and the still loftier walls of the cave to vibrate and
tremble.</p>
<p>He wore a long unsleeved garment of recently flayed oxhide reaching
to the knees in a loose kilt and this was bound about his middle by a
girdle of plaited straw and rushes. Beneath this he wore trews of
deerskin, roughly stitched with gut. His nether extremities were encased
in high Balbriggan buskins dyed in lichen purple, the feet being shod
with brogues of salted cowhide laced with the windpipe of the same
beast. From his girdle hung a row of seastones which jangled at every
movement of his portentous frame and on these were graven with rude yet
striking art the tribal images of many Irish heroes and heroines of
antiquity, Cuchulin, Conn of hundred battles, Niall of nine hostages,
Brian of Kincora, the ardri Malachi, Art MacMurragh, Shane O’Neill,
Father John Murphy, Owen Roe, Patrick Sarsfield, Red Hugh O’Donnell, Red
Jim MacDermott, Soggarth Eoghan O’Growney, Michael Dwyer, Francy
Higgins, Henry Joy M’Cracken, Goliath, Horace Wheatley, Thomas Conneff,
Peg Woffington, the Village Blacksmith, Captain Moonlight, Captain
Boycott, Dante Alighieri, Christopher Columbus, S. Fursa, S. Brendan,
Marshal MacMahon, Charlemagne, Theobald Wolfe Tone, the Mother of the
Maccabees, the Last of the Mohicans, the Rose of Castile, the Man for
Galway, The Man that Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo, The Man in the Gap,
The Woman Who Didn’t, Benjamin Franklin, Napoleon Bonaparte, John L.
Sullivan, Cleopatra, Savourneen Deelish, Julius Caesar, Paracelsus, sir
Thomas Lipton, William Tell, Michelangelo Hayes, Muhammad, the Bride of
Lammermoor, Peter the Hermit, Peter the Packer, Dark Rosaleen, Patrick
W. Shakespeare, Brian Confucius, Murtagh Gutenberg, Patricio Velasquez,
Captain Nemo, Tristan and Isolde, the first Prince of Wales, Thomas Cook
and Son, the Bold Soldier Boy, Arrah na Pogue, Dick Turpin, Ludwig
Beethoven, the Colleen Bawn, Waddler Healy, Angus the Culdee, Dolly
Mount, Sidney Parade, Ben Howth, Valentine Greatrakes, Adam and Eve,
Arthur Wellesley, Boss Croker, Herodotus, Jack the Giantkiller, Gautama
Buddha, Lady Godiva, The Lily of Killarney, Balor of the Evil Eye, the
Queen of Sheba, Acky Nagle, Joe Nagle, Alessandro Volta, Jeremiah
O’Donovan Rossa, Don Philip O’Sullivan Beare. A couched spear of
acuminated granite rested by him while at his feet reposed a savage
animal of the canine tribe whose stertorous gasps announced that he was
sunk in uneasy slumber, a supposition confirmed by hoarse growls and
spasmodic movements which his master repressed from time to time by
tranquilising blows of a mighty cudgel rudely fashioned out of
paleolithic stone.</p>
<p>So anyhow Terry brought the three pints Joe was standing and begob
the sight nearly left my eyes when I saw him land out a quid. O, as true
as I’m telling you. A goodlooking sovereign.</p>
<p>—And there’s more where that came from, says he.</p>
<p>—Were you robbing the poorbox, Joe? says I.</p>
<p>—Sweat of my brow, says Joe. ’Twas the prudent member gave me the
wheeze.</p>
<p>—I saw him before I met you, says I, sloping around by Pill lane and
Greek street with his cod’s eye counting up all the guts of the
fish.</p>
<p>Who comes through Michan’s land, bedight in sable armour? O’Bloom,
the son of Rory: it is he. Impervious to fear is Rory’s son: he of the
prudent soul.</p>
<p>—For the old woman of Prince’s street, says the citizen, the
subsidised organ. The pledgebound party on the floor of the house. And
look at this blasted rag, says he. Look at this, says he. <em>The Irish
Independent,</em> if you please, founded by Parnell to be the
workingman’s friend. Listen to the births and deaths in the <em>Irish
all for Ireland Independent,</em> and I’ll thank you and the
marriages.</p>
<p>And he starts reading them out:</p>
<p>—Gordon, Barnfield crescent, Exeter; Redmayne of Iffley, Saint Anne’s
on Sea: the wife of William T Redmayne of a son. How’s that, eh? Wright
and Flint, Vincent and Gillett to Rotha Marion daughter of Rosa and the
late George Alfred Gillett, 179 Clapham road, Stockwell, Playwood and
Ridsdale at Saint Jude’s, Kensington by the very reverend Dr Forrest,
dean of Worcester. Eh? Deaths. Bristow, at Whitehall lane, London: Carr,
Stoke Newington, of gastritis and heart disease: Cockburn, at the Moat
house, Chepstow...</p>
<p>—I know that fellow, says Joe, from bitter experience.</p>
<p>—Cockburn. Dimsey, wife of David Dimsey, late of the admiralty:
Miller, Tottenham, aged eightyfive: Welsh, June 12, at 35 Canning
street, Liverpool, Isabella Helen. How’s that for a national press, eh,
my brown son! How’s that for Martin Murphy, the Bantry jobber?</p>
<p>—Ah, well, says Joe, handing round the boose. Thanks be to God they
had the start of us. Drink that, citizen.</p>
<p>—I will, says he, honourable person.</p>
<p>—Health, Joe, says I. And all down the form.</p>
<p>Ah! Ow! Don’t be talking! I was blue mouldy for the want of that
pint. Declare to God I could hear it hit the pit of my stomach with a
click.</p>
<p>And lo, as they quaffed their cup of joy, a godlike messenger came
swiftly in, radiant as the eye of heaven, a comely youth and behind him
there passed an elder of noble gait and countenance, bearing the sacred
scrolls of law and with him his lady wife a dame of peerless lineage,
fairest of her race.</p>
<p>Little Alf Bergan popped in round the door and hid behind Barney’s
snug, squeezed up with the laughing. And who was sitting up there in the
corner that I hadn’t seen snoring drunk blind to the world only Bob
Doran. I didn’t know what was up and Alf kept making signs out of the
door. And begob what was it only that bloody old pantaloon Denis Breen
in his bathslippers with two bloody big books tucked under his oxter and
the wife hotfoot after him, unfortunate wretched woman, trotting like a
poodle. I thought Alf would split.</p>
<p>—Look at him, says he. Breen. He’s traipsing all round Dublin with a
postcard someone sent him with U. p: up on it to take a li...</p>
<p>And he doubled up.</p>
<p>—Take a what? says I.</p>
<p>—Libel action, says he, for ten thousand pounds.</p>
<p>—O hell! says I.</p>
<p>The bloody mongrel began to growl that’d put the fear of God in you
seeing something was up but the citizen gave him a kick in the ribs.</p>
<p><em>—Bi i dho husht,</em> says he.</p>
<p>—Who? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Breen, says Alf. He was in John Henry Menton’s and then he went
round to Collis and Ward’s and then Tom Rochford met him and sent him
round to the subsheriff’s for a lark. O God, I’ve a pain laughing. U. p:
up. The long fellow gave him an eye as good as a process and now the
bloody old lunatic is gone round to Green street to look for a G
man.</p>
<p>—When is long John going to hang that fellow in Mountjoy? says
Joe.</p>
<p>—Bergan, says Bob Doran, waking up. Is that Alf Bergan?</p>
<p>—Yes, says Alf. Hanging? Wait till I show you. Here, Terry, give us a
pony. That bloody old fool! Ten thousand pounds. You should have seen
long John’s eye. U. p ....</p>
<p>And he started laughing.</p>
<p>—Who are you laughing at? says Bob Doran. Is that Bergan?</p>
<p>—Hurry up, Terry boy, says Alf.</p>
<p>Terence O’Ryan heard him and straightway brought him a crystal cup
full of the foamy ebon ale which the noble twin brothers Bungiveagh and
Bungardilaun brew ever in their divine alevats, cunning as the sons of
deathless Leda. For they garner the succulent berries of the hop and
mass and sift and bruise and brew them and they mix therewith sour
juices and bring the must to the sacred fire and cease not night or day
from their toil, those cunning brothers, lords of the vat.</p>
<p>Then did you, chivalrous Terence, hand forth, as to the manner born,
that nectarous beverage and you offered the crystal cup to him that
thirsted, the soul of chivalry, in beauty akin to the immortals.</p>
<p>But he, the young chief of the O’Bergan’s, could ill brook to be
outdone in generous deeds but gave therefor with gracious gesture a
testoon of costliest bronze. Thereon embossed in excellent smithwork was
seen the image of a queen of regal port, scion of the house of
Brunswick, Victoria her name, Her Most Excellent Majesty, by grace of
God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the
British dominions beyond the sea, queen, defender of the faith, Empress
of India, even she, who bore rule, a victress over many peoples, the
wellbeloved, for they knew and loved her from the rising of the sun to
the going down thereof, the pale, the dark, the ruddy and the
ethiop.</p>
<p>—What’s that bloody freemason doing, says the citizen, prowling up
and down outside?</p>
<p>—What’s that? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Here you are, says Alf, chucking out the rhino. Talking about
hanging, I’ll show you something you never saw. Hangmen’s letters. Look
at here.</p>
<p>So he took a bundle of wisps of letters and envelopes out of his
pocket.</p>
<p>—Are you codding? says I.</p>
<p>—Honest injun, says Alf. Read them.</p>
<p>So Joe took up the letters.</p>
<p>—Who are you laughing at? says Bob Doran.</p>
<p>So I saw there was going to be a bit of a dust. Bob’s a queer chap
when the porter’s up in him so says I just to make talk:</p>
<p>—How’s Willy Murray those times, Alf?</p>
<p>—I don’t know, says Alf. I saw him just now in Capel street with
Paddy Dignam. Only I was running after that...</p>
<p>—You what? says Joe, throwing down the letters. With who?</p>
<p>—With Dignam, says Alf.</p>
<p>—Is it Paddy? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Yes, says Alf. Why?</p>
<p>—Don’t you know he’s dead? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Paddy Dignam dead! says Alf.</p>
<p>—Ay, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Sure I’m after seeing him not five minutes ago, says Alf, as plain
as a pikestaff.</p>
<p>—Who’s dead? says Bob Doran.</p>
<p>—You saw his ghost then, says Joe, God between us and harm.</p>
<p>—What? says Alf. Good Christ, only five... What?... And Willy Murray
with him, the two of them there near whatdoyoucallhim’s... What? Dignam
dead?</p>
<p>—What about Dignam? says Bob Doran. Who’s talking about...?</p>
<p>—Dead! says Alf. He’s no more dead than you are.</p>
<p>—Maybe so, says Joe. They took the liberty of burying him this
morning anyhow.</p>
<p>—Paddy? says Alf.</p>
<p>—Ay, says Joe. He paid the debt of nature, God be merciful to
him.</p>
<p>—Good Christ! says Alf.</p>
<p>Begob he was what you might call flabbergasted.</p>
<p>In the darkness spirit hands were felt to flutter and when prayer by
tantras had been directed to the proper quarter a faint but increasing
luminosity of ruby light became gradually visible, the apparition of the
etheric double being particularly lifelike owing to the discharge of
jivic rays from the crown of the head and face. Communication was
effected through the pituitary body and also by means of the orangefiery
and scarlet rays emanating from the sacral region and solar plexus.
Questioned by his earthname as to his whereabouts in the heavenworld he
stated that he was now on the path of prālāyā or return but was still
submitted to trial at the hands of certain bloodthirsty entities on the
lower astral levels. In reply to a question as to his first sensations
in the great divide beyond he stated that previously he had seen as in a
glass darkly but that those who had passed over had summit possibilities
of atmic development opened up to them. Interrogated as to whether life
there resembled our experience in the flesh he stated that he had heard
from more favoured beings now in the spirit that their abodes were
equipped with every modern home comfort such as tālāfānā, ālāvātār,
hātākāldā, wātāklāsāt and that the highest adepts were steeped in waves
of volupcy of the very purest nature. Having requested a quart of
buttermilk this was brought and evidently afforded relief. Asked if he
had any message for the living he exhorted all who were still at the
wrong side of Māyā to acknowledge the true path for it was reported in
devanic circles that Mars and Jupiter were out for mischief on the
eastern angle where the ram has power. It was then queried whether there
were any special desires on the part of the defunct and the reply was:
<em>We greet you, friends of earth, who are still in the body. Mind C.
K. doesn’t pile it on.</em> It was ascertained that the reference was to
Mr Cornelius Kelleher, manager of Messrs H. J. O’Neill’s popular funeral
establishment, a personal friend of the defunct, who had been
responsible for the carrying out of the interment arrangements. Before
departing he requested that it should be told to his dear son Patsy that
the other boot which he had been looking for was at present under the
commode in the return room and that the pair should be sent to Cullen’s
to be soled only as the heels were still good. He stated that this had
greatly perturbed his peace of mind in the other region and earnestly
requested that his desire should be made known.</p>
<p>Assurances were given that the matter would be attended to and it was
intimated that this had given satisfaction.</p>
<p>He is gone from mortal haunts: O’Dignam, sun of our morning. Fleet
was his foot on the bracken: Patrick of the beamy brow. Wail, Banba,
with your wind: and wail, O ocean, with your whirlwind.</p>
<p>—There he is again, says the citizen, staring out.</p>
<p>—Who? says I.</p>
<p>—Bloom, says he. He’s on point duty up and down there for the last
ten minutes.</p>
<p>And, begob, I saw his physog do a peep in and then slidder off
again.</p>
<p>Little Alf was knocked bawways. Faith, he was.</p>
<p>—Good Christ! says he. I could have sworn it was him.</p>
<p>And says Bob Doran, with the hat on the back of his poll, lowest
blackguard in Dublin when he’s under the influence:</p>
<p>—Who said Christ is good?</p>
<p>—I beg your parsnips, says Alf.</p>
<p>—Is that a good Christ, says Bob Doran, to take away poor little
Willy Dignam?</p>
<p>—Ah, well, says Alf, trying to pass it off. He’s over all his
troubles.</p>
<p>But Bob Doran shouts out of him.</p>
<p>—He’s a bloody ruffian, I say, to take away poor little Willy
Dignam.</p>
<p>Terry came down and tipped him the wink to keep quiet, that they
didn’t want that kind of talk in a respectable licensed premises. And
Bob Doran starts doing the weeps about Paddy Dignam, true as you’re
there.</p>
<p>—The finest man, says he, snivelling, the finest purest
character.</p>
<p>The tear is bloody near your eye. Talking through his bloody hat.
Fitter for him go home to the little sleepwalking bitch he married,
Mooney, the bumbailiff’s daughter, mother kept a kip in Hardwicke
street, that used to be stravaging about the landings Bantam Lyons told
me that was stopping there at two in the morning without a stitch on
her, exposing her person, open to all comers, fair field and no
favour.</p>
<p>—The noblest, the truest, says he. And he’s gone, poor little Willy,
poor little Paddy Dignam.</p>
<p>And mournful and with a heavy heart he bewept the extinction of that
beam of heaven.</p>
<p>Old Garryowen started growling again at Bloom that was skeezing round
the door.</p>
<p>—Come in, come on, he won’t eat you, says the citizen.</p>
<p>So Bloom slopes in with his cod’s eye on the dog and he asks Terry
was Martin Cunningham there.</p>
<p>—O, Christ M’Keown, says Joe, reading one of the letters. Listen to
this, will you?</p>
<p>And he starts reading out one.</p>
<p><em>7 Hunter Street,<br />
Liverpool.</em></p>
<p><em>To the High Sheriff of Dublin,<br />
            Dublin.</em></p>
<p><em>Honoured sir i beg to offer my services in the abovementioned
painful case i hanged Joe Gann in Bootle jail on the 12 of Febuary 1900
and i hanged...</em></p>
<p>—Show us, Joe, says I.</p>
<p>—<em>... private Arthur Chace for fowl murder of Jessie Tilsit in
Pentonville prison and i was assistant when...</em></p>
<p>—Jesus, says I.</p>
<p>—<em>... Billington executed the awful murderer Toad
Smith...</em></p>
<p>The citizen made a grab at the letter.</p>
<p>—Hold hard, says Joe, <em>i have a special nack of putting the noose
once in he can’t get out hoping to be favoured i remain, honoured sir,
my terms is five ginnees.</em></p>
<p><em>H. Rumbold,<br />
            Master Barber.</em></p>
<p>—And a barbarous bloody barbarian he is too, says the citizen.</p>
<p>—And the dirty scrawl of the wretch, says Joe. Here, says he, take
them to hell out of my sight, Alf. Hello, Bloom, says he, what will you
have?</p>
<p>So they started arguing about the point, Bloom saying he wouldn’t and
he couldn’t and excuse him no offence and all to that and then he said
well he’d just take a cigar. Gob, he’s a prudent member and no
mistake.</p>
<p>—Give us one of your prime stinkers, Terry, says Joe.</p>
<p>And Alf was telling us there was one chap sent in a mourning card
with a black border round it.</p>
<p>—They’re all barbers, says he, from the black country that would hang
their own fathers for five quid down and travelling expenses.</p>
<p>And he was telling us there’s two fellows waiting below to pull his
heels down when he gets the drop and choke him properly and then they
chop up the rope after and sell the bits for a few bob a skull.</p>
<p>In the dark land they bide, the vengeful knights of the razor. Their
deadly coil they grasp: yea, and therein they lead to Erebus whatsoever
wight hath done a deed of blood for I will on nowise suffer it even so
saith the Lord.</p>
<p>So they started talking about capital punishment and of course Bloom
comes out with the why and the wherefore and all the codology of the
business and the old dog smelling him all the time I’m told those jewies
does have a sort of a queer odour coming off them for dogs about I don’t
know what all deterrent effect and so forth and so on.</p>
<p>—There’s one thing it hasn’t a deterrent effect on, says Alf.</p>
<p>—What’s that? says Joe.</p>
<p>—The poor bugger’s tool that’s being hanged, says Alf.</p>
<p>—That so? says Joe.</p>
<p>—God’s truth, says Alf. I heard that from the head warder that was in
Kilmainham when they hanged Joe Brady, the invincible. He told me when
they cut him down after the drop it was standing up in their faces like
a poker.</p>
<p>—Ruling passion strong in death, says Joe, as someone said.</p>
<p>—That can be explained by science, says Bloom. It’s only a natural
phenomenon, don’t you see, because on account of the...</p>
<p>And then he starts with his jawbreakers about phenomenon and science
and this phenomenon and the other phenomenon.</p>
<p>The distinguished scientist Herr Professor Luitpold Blumenduft
tendered medical evidence to the effect that the instantaneous fracture
of the cervical vertebrae and consequent scission of the spinal cord
would, according to the best approved tradition of medical science, be
calculated to inevitably produce in the human subject a violent
ganglionic stimulus of the nerve centres of the genital apparatus,
thereby causing the elastic pores of the <em>corpora cavernosa</em> to
rapidly dilate in such a way as to instantaneously facilitate the flow
of blood to that part of the human anatomy known as the penis or male
organ resulting in the phenomenon which has been denominated by the
faculty a morbid upwards and outwards philoprogenitive erection <em>in
articulo mortis per diminutionem capitis.</em></p>
<p>So of course the citizen was only waiting for the wink of the word
and he starts gassing out of him about the invincibles and the old guard
and the men of sixtyseven and who fears to speak of ninetyeight and Joe
with him about all the fellows that were hanged, drawn and transported
for the cause by drumhead courtmartial and a new Ireland and new this,
that and the other. Talking about new Ireland he ought to go and get a
new dog so he ought. Mangy ravenous brute sniffing and sneezing all
round the place and scratching his scabs. And round he goes to Bob Doran
that was standing Alf a half one sucking up for what he could get. So of
course Bob Doran starts doing the bloody fool with him:</p>
<p>—Give us the paw! Give the paw, doggy! Good old doggy! Give the paw
here! Give us the paw!</p>
<p>Arrah, bloody end to the paw he’d paw and Alf trying to keep him from
tumbling off the bloody stool atop of the bloody old dog and he talking
all kinds of drivel about training by kindness and thoroughbred dog and
intelligent dog: give you the bloody pip. Then he starts scraping a few
bits of old biscuit out of the bottom of a Jacobs’ tin he told Terry to
bring. Gob, he golloped it down like old boots and his tongue hanging
out of him a yard long for more. Near ate the tin and all, hungry bloody
mongrel.</p>
<p>And the citizen and Bloom having an argument about the point, the
brothers Sheares and Wolfe Tone beyond on Arbour Hill and Robert Emmet
and die for your country, the Tommy Moore touch about Sara Curran and
she’s far from the land. And Bloom, of course, with his knockmedown
cigar putting on swank with his lardy face. Phenomenon! The fat heap he
married is a nice old phenomenon with a back on her like a ballalley.
Time they were stopping up in the <em>City Arms</em> pisser Burke told
me there was an old one there with a cracked loodheramaun of a nephew
and Bloom trying to get the soft side of her doing the mollycoddle
playing bézique to come in for a bit of the wampum in her will and not
eating meat of a Friday because the old one was always thumping her craw
and taking the lout out for a walk. And one time he led him the rounds
of Dublin and, by the holy farmer, he never cried crack till he brought
him home as drunk as a boiled owl and he said he did it to teach him the
evils of alcohol and by herrings, if the three women didn’t near roast
him, it’s a queer story, the old one, Bloom’s wife and Mrs O’Dowd that
kept the hotel. Jesus, I had to laugh at pisser Burke taking them off
chewing the fat. And Bloom with his <em>but don’t you see?</em> and
<em>but on the other hand</em>. And sure, more be token, the lout I’m
told was in Power’s after, the blender’s, round in Cope street going
home footless in a cab five times in the week after drinking his way
through all the samples in the bloody establishment. Phenomenon!</p>
<p>—The memory of the dead, says the citizen taking up his pintglass and
glaring at Bloom.</p>
<p>—Ay, ay, says Joe.</p>
<p>—You don’t grasp my point, says Bloom. What I mean is...</p>
<p>—<em>Sinn Fein!</em> says the citizen. <em>Sinn Fein amhain!</em> The
friends we love are by our side and the foes we hate before us.</p>
<p>The last farewell was affecting in the extreme. From the belfries far
and near the funereal deathbell tolled unceasingly while all around the
gloomy precincts rolled the ominous warning of a hundred muffled drums
punctuated by the hollow booming of pieces of ordnance. The deafening
claps of thunder and the dazzling flashes of lightning which lit up the
ghastly scene testified that the artillery of heaven had lent its
supernatural pomp to the already gruesome spectacle. A torrential rain
poured down from the floodgates of the angry heavens upon the bared
heads of the assembled multitude which numbered at the lowest
computation five hundred thousand persons. A posse of Dublin
Metropolitan police superintended by the Chief Commissioner in person
maintained order in the vast throng for whom the York street brass and
reed band whiled away the intervening time by admirably rendering on
their blackdraped instruments the matchless melody endeared to us from
the cradle by Speranza’s plaintive muse. Special quick excursion trains
and upholstered charabancs had been provided for the comfort of our
country cousins of whom there were large contingents. Considerable
amusement was caused by the favourite Dublin streetsingers L-n-h-n and
M-ll-g-n who sang <em>The Night before Larry was stretched</em> in their
usual mirth-provoking fashion. Our two inimitable drolls did a roaring
trade with their broadsheets among lovers of the comedy element and
nobody who has a corner in his heart for real Irish fun without
vulgarity will grudge them their hardearned pennies. The children of the
Male and Female Foundling Hospital who thronged the windows overlooking
the scene were delighted with this unexpected addition to the day’s
entertainment and a word of praise is due to the Little Sisters of the
Poor for their excellent idea of affording the poor fatherless and
motherless children a genuinely instructive treat. The viceregal
houseparty which included many wellknown ladies was chaperoned by Their
Excellencies to the most favourable positions on the grandstand while
the picturesque foreign delegation known as the Friends of the Emerald
Isle was accommodated on a tribune directly opposite. The delegation,
present in full force, consisted of Commendatore Bacibaci Beninobenone
(the semiparalysed <em>doyen</em> of the party who had to be assisted to
his seat by the aid of a powerful steam crane), Monsieur Pierrepaul
Petitépatant, the Grandjoker Vladinmire Pokethankertscheff, the
Archjoker Leopold Rudolph von Schwanzenbad-Hodenthaler, Countess Marha
Virága Kisászony Putrápesthi, Hiram Y. Bomboost, Count Athanatos
Karamelopulos, Ali Baba Backsheesh Rahat Lokum Effendi, Señor Hidalgo
Caballero Don Pecadillo y Palabras y Paternoster de la Malora de la
Malaria, Hokopoko Harakiri, Hi Hung Chang, Olaf Kobberkeddelsen, Mynheer
Trik van Trumps, Pan Poleaxe Paddyrisky, Goosepond Prhklstr
Kratchinabritchisitch, Borus Hupinkoff, Herr Hurhausdirektorpresident
Hans Chuechli-Steuerli,
Nationalgymnasiummuseumsanatoriumandsuspensoriumsordinaryprivatdocentgeneralhistoryspecialprofessordoctor
Kriegfried Ueberallgemein. All the delegates without exception expressed
themselves in the strongest possible heterogeneous terms concerning the
nameless barbarity which they had been called upon to witness. An
animated altercation (in which all took part) ensued among the F. O. T.
E. I. as to whether the eighth or the ninth of March was the correct
date of the birth of Ireland’s patron saint. In the course of the
argument cannonballs, scimitars, boomerangs, blunderbusses, stinkpots,
meatchoppers, umbrellas, catapults, knuckledusters, sandbags, lumps of
pig iron were resorted to and blows were freely exchanged. The baby
policeman, Constable MacFadden, summoned by special courier from
Booterstown, quickly restored order and with lightning promptitude
proposed the seventeenth of the month as a solution equally honourable
for both contending parties. The readywitted ninefooter’s suggestion at
once appealed to all and was unanimously accepted. Constable MacFadden
was heartily congratulated by all the F. O. T. E. I., several of whom
were bleeding profusely. Commendatore Beninobenone having been
extricated from underneath the presidential armchair, it was explained
by his legal adviser Avvocato Pagamimi that the various articles
secreted in his thirtytwo pockets had been abstracted by him during the
affray from the pockets of his junior colleagues in the hope of bringing
them to their senses. The objects (which included several hundred
ladies’ and gentlemen’s gold and silver watches) were promptly restored
to their rightful owners and general harmony reigned supreme.</p>
<p>Quietly, unassumingly Rumbold stepped on to the scaffold in faultless
morning dress and wearing his favourite flower, the <em>Gladiolus
Cruentus</em>. He announced his presence by that gentle Rumboldian cough
which so many have tried (unsuccessfully) to imitate—short, painstaking
yet withal so characteristic of the man. The arrival of the
worldrenowned headsman was greeted by a roar of acclamation from the
huge concourse, the viceregal ladies waving their handkerchiefs in their
excitement while the even more excitable foreign delegates cheered
vociferously in a medley of cries, <em>hoch, banzai, eljen, zivio,
chinchin, polla kronia, hiphip, vive, Allah</em>, amid which the ringing
<em>evviva</em> of the delegate of the land of song (a high double F
recalling those piercingly lovely notes with which the eunuch Catalani
beglamoured our greatgreatgrandmothers) was easily distinguishable. It
was exactly seventeen o’clock. The signal for prayer was then promptly
given by megaphone and in an instant all heads were bared, the
commendatore’s patriarchal sombrero, which has been in the possession of
his family since the revolution of Rienzi, being removed by his medical
adviser in attendance, Dr Pippi. The learned prelate who administered
the last comforts of holy religion to the hero martyr when about to pay
the death penalty knelt in a most christian spirit in a pool of
rainwater, his cassock above his hoary head, and offered up to the
throne of grace fervent prayers of supplication. Hard by the block stood
the grim figure of the executioner, his visage being concealed in a
tengallon pot with two circular perforated apertures through which his
eyes glowered furiously. As he awaited the fatal signal he tested the
edge of his horrible weapon by honing it upon his brawny forearm or
decapitated in rapid succession a flock of sheep which had been provided
by the admirers of his fell but necessary office. On a handsome mahogany
table near him were neatly arranged the quartering knife, the various
finely tempered disembowelling appliances (specially supplied by the
worldfamous firm of cutlers, Messrs John Round and Sons, Sheffield), a
terra cotta saucepan for the reception of the duodenum, colon, blind
intestine and appendix etc when successfully extracted and two
commodious milkjugs destined to receive the most precious blood of the
most precious victim. The housesteward of the amalgamated cats’ and
dogs’ home was in attendance to convey these vessels when replenished to
that beneficent institution. Quite an excellent repast consisting of
rashers and eggs, fried steak and onions, done to a nicety, delicious
hot breakfast rolls and invigorating tea had been considerately provided
by the authorities for the consumption of the central figure of the
tragedy who was in capital spirits when prepared for death and evinced
the keenest interest in the proceedings from beginning to end but he,
with an abnegation rare in these our times, rose nobly to the occasion
and expressed the dying wish (immediately acceded to) that the meal
should be divided in aliquot parts among the members of the sick and
indigent roomkeepers’ association as a token of his regard and esteem.
The <em>nec</em> and <em>non plus ultra</em> of emotion were reached
when the blushing bride elect burst her way through the serried ranks of
the bystanders and flung herself upon the muscular bosom of him who was
about to be launched into eternity for her sake. The hero folded her
willowy form in a loving embrace murmuring fondly <em>Sheila, my
own</em>. Encouraged by this use of her christian name she kissed
passionately all the various suitable areas of his person which the
decencies of prison garb permitted her ardour to reach. She swore to him
as they mingled the salt streams of their tears that she would ever
cherish his memory, that she would never forget her hero boy who went to
his death with a song on his lips as if he were but going to a hurling
match in Clonturk park. She brought back to his recollection the happy
days of blissful childhood together on the banks of Anna Liffey when
they had indulged in the innocent pastimes of the young and, oblivious
of the dreadful present, they both laughed heartily, all the spectators,
including the venerable pastor, joining in the general merriment. That
monster audience simply rocked with delight. But anon they were overcome
with grief and clasped their hands for the last time. A fresh torrent of
tears burst from their lachrymal ducts and the vast concourse of people,
touched to the inmost core, broke into heartrending sobs, not the least
affected being the aged prebendary himself. Big strong men, officers of
the peace and genial giants of the royal Irish constabulary, were making
frank use of their handkerchiefs and it is safe to say that there was
not a dry eye in that record assemblage. A most romantic incident
occurred when a handsome young Oxford graduate, noted for his chivalry
towards the fair sex, stepped forward and, presenting his visiting card,
bankbook and genealogical tree, solicited the hand of the hapless young
lady, requesting her to name the day, and was accepted on the spot.
Every lady in the audience was presented with a tasteful souvenir of the
occasion in the shape of a skull and crossbones brooch, a timely and
generous act which evoked a fresh outburst of emotion: and when the
gallant young Oxonian (the bearer, by the way, of one of the most
timehonoured names in Albion’s history) placed on the finger of his
blushing <em>fiancée</em> an expensive engagement ring with emeralds set
in the form of a fourleaved shamrock the excitement knew no bounds. Nay,
even the stern provostmarshal, lieutenantcolonel Tomkin-Maxwell
ffrenchmullan Tomlinson, who presided on the sad occasion, he who had
blown a considerable number of sepoys from the cannonmouth without
flinching, could not now restrain his natural emotion. With his mailed
gauntlet he brushed away a furtive tear and was overheard, by those
privileged burghers who happened to be in his immediate
<em>entourage,</em> to murmur to himself in a faltering undertone:</p>
<p>—God blimey if she aint a clinker, that there bleeding tart. Blimey
it makes me kind of bleeding cry, straight, it does, when I sees her
cause I thinks of my old mashtub what’s waiting for me down Limehouse
way.</p>
<p>So then the citizen begins talking about the Irish language and the
corporation meeting and all to that and the shoneens that can’t speak
their own language and Joe chipping in because he stuck someone for a
quid and Bloom putting in his old goo with his twopenny stump that he
cadged off of Joe and talking about the Gaelic league and the
antitreating league and drink, the curse of Ireland. Antitreating is
about the size of it. Gob, he’d let you pour all manner of drink down
his throat till the Lord would call him before you’d ever see the froth
of his pint. And one night I went in with a fellow into one of their
musical evenings, song and dance about she could get up on a truss of
hay she could my Maureen Lay and there was a fellow with a Ballyhooly
blue ribbon badge spiffing out of him in Irish and a lot of colleen
bawns going about with temperance beverages and selling medals and
oranges and lemonade and a few old dry buns, gob, flahoolagh
entertainment, don’t be talking. Ireland sober is Ireland free. And then
an old fellow starts blowing into his bagpipes and all the gougers
shuffling their feet to the tune the old cow died of. And one or two sky
pilots having an eye around that there was no goings on with the
females, hitting below the belt.</p>
<p>So howandever, as I was saying, the old dog seeing the tin was empty
starts mousing around by Joe and me. I’d train him by kindness, so I
would, if he was my dog. Give him a rousing fine kick now and again
where it wouldn’t blind him.</p>
<p>—Afraid he’ll bite you? says the citizen, jeering.</p>
<p>—No, says I. But he might take my leg for a lamppost.</p>
<p>So he calls the old dog over.</p>
<p>—What’s on you, Garry? says he.</p>
<p>Then he starts hauling and mauling and talking to him in Irish and
the old towser growling, letting on to answer, like a duet in the opera.
Such growling you never heard as they let off between them. Someone that
has nothing better to do ought to write a letter <em>pro bono
publico</em> to the papers about the muzzling order for a dog the like
of that. Growling and grousing and his eye all bloodshot from the drouth
is in it and the hydrophobia dropping out of his jaws.</p>
<p>All those who are interested in the spread of human culture among the
lower animals (and their name is legion) should make a point of not
missing the really marvellous exhibition of cynanthropy given by the
famous old Irish red setter wolfdog formerly known by the
<em>sobriquet</em> of Garryowen and recently rechristened by his large
circle of friends and acquaintances Owen Garry. The exhibition, which is
the result of years of training by kindness and a carefully thoughtout
dietary system, comprises, among other achievements, the recitation of
verse. Our greatest living phonetic expert (wild horses shall not drag
it from us!) has left no stone unturned in his efforts to delucidate and
compare the verse recited and has found it bears a <em>striking</em>
resemblance (the italics are ours) to the ranns of ancient Celtic bards.
We are not speaking so much of those delightful lovesongs with which the
writer who conceals his identity under the graceful pseudonym of the
Little Sweet Branch has familiarised the bookloving world but rather (as
a contributor D. O. C. points out in an interesting communication
published by an evening contemporary) of the harsher and more personal
note which is found in the satirical effusions of the famous Raftery and
of Donal MacConsidine to say nothing of a more modern lyrist at present
very much in the public eye. We subjoin a specimen which has been
rendered into English by an eminent scholar whose name for the moment we
are not at liberty to disclose though we believe that our readers will
find the topical allusion rather more than an indication. The metrical
system of the canine original, which recalls the intricate alliterative
and isosyllabic rules of the Welsh englyn, is infinitely more
complicated but we believe our readers will agree that the spirit has
been well caught. Perhaps it should be added that the effect is greatly
increased if Owen’s verse be spoken somewhat slowly and indistinctly in
a tone suggestive of suppressed rancour.</p>
<p>The curse of my curses<br />
Seven days every day<br />
And seven dry Thursdays<br />
On you, Barney Kiernan,<br />
Has no sup of water<br />
To cool my courage,<br />
And my guts red roaring<br />
After Lowry’s lights.</p>
<p>So he told Terry to bring some water for the dog and, gob, you could
hear him lapping it up a mile off. And Joe asked him would he have
another.</p>
<p>—I will, says he, <em>a chara</em>, to show there’s no ill
feeling.</p>
<p>Gob, he’s not as green as he’s cabbagelooking. Arsing around from one
pub to another, leaving it to your own honour, with old Giltrap’s dog
and getting fed up by the ratepayers and corporators. Entertainment for
man and beast. And says Joe:</p>
<p>—Could you make a hole in another pint?</p>
<p>—Could a swim duck? says I.</p>
<p>—Same again, Terry, says Joe. Are you sure you won’t have anything in
the way of liquid refreshment? says he.</p>
<p>—Thank you, no, says Bloom. As a matter of fact I just wanted to meet
Martin Cunningham, don’t you see, about this insurance of poor Dignam’s.
Martin asked me to go to the house. You see, he, Dignam, I mean, didn’t
serve any notice of the assignment on the company at the time and
nominally under the act the mortgagee can’t recover on the policy.</p>
<p>—Holy Wars, says Joe, laughing, that’s a good one if old Shylock is
landed. So the wife comes out top dog, what?</p>
<p>—Well, that’s a point, says Bloom, for the wife’s admirers.</p>
<p>—Whose admirers? says Joe.</p>
<p>—The wife’s advisers, I mean, says Bloom.</p>
<p>Then he starts all confused mucking it up about mortgagor under the
act like the lord chancellor giving it out on the bench and for the
benefit of the wife and that a trust is created but on the other hand
that Dignam owed Bridgeman the money and if now the wife or the widow
contested the mortgagee’s right till he near had the head of me addled
with his mortgagor under the act. He was bloody safe he wasn’t run in
himself under the act that time as a rogue and vagabond only he had a
friend in court. Selling bazaar tickets or what do you call it royal
Hungarian privileged lottery. True as you’re there. O, commend me to an
israelite! Royal and privileged Hungarian robbery.</p>
<p>So Bob Doran comes lurching around asking Bloom to tell Mrs Dignam he
was sorry for her trouble and he was very sorry about the funeral and to
tell her that he said and everyone who knew him said that there was
never a truer, a finer than poor little Willy that’s dead to tell her.
Choking with bloody foolery. And shaking Bloom’s hand doing the tragic
to tell her that. Shake hands, brother. You’re a rogue and I’m
another.</p>
<p>—Let me, said he, so far presume upon our acquaintance which, however
slight it may appear if judged by the standard of mere time, is founded,
as I hope and believe, on a sentiment of mutual esteem as to request of
you this favour. But, should I have overstepped the limits of reserve
let the sincerity of my feelings be the excuse for my boldness.</p>
<p>—No, rejoined the other, I appreciate to the full the motives which
actuate your conduct and I shall discharge the office you entrust to me
consoled by the reflection that, though the errand be one of sorrow,
this proof of your confidence sweetens in some measure the bitterness of
the cup.</p>
<p>—Then suffer me to take your hand, said he. The goodness of your
heart, I feel sure, will dictate to you better than my inadequate words
the expressions which are most suitable to convey an emotion whose
poignancy, were I to give vent to my feelings, would deprive me even of
speech.</p>
<p>And off with him and out trying to walk straight. Boosed at five
o’clock. Night he was near being lagged only Paddy Leonard knew the
bobby, 14A. Blind to the world up in a shebeen in Bride street after
closing time, fornicating with two shawls and a bully on guard, drinking
porter out of teacups. And calling himself a Frenchy for the shawls,
Joseph Manuo, and talking against the Catholic religion, and he serving
mass in Adam and Eve’s when he was young with his eyes shut, who wrote
the new testament, and the old testament, and hugging and smugging. And
the two shawls killed with the laughing, picking his pockets, the bloody
fool and he spilling the porter all over the bed and the two shawls
screeching laughing at one another. <em>How is your testament? Have you
got an old testament?</em> Only Paddy was passing there, I tell you
what. Then see him of a Sunday with his little concubine of a wife, and
she wagging her tail up the aisle of the chapel with her patent boots on
her, no less, and her violets, nice as pie, doing the little lady. Jack
Mooney’s sister. And the old prostitute of a mother procuring rooms to
street couples. Gob, Jack made him toe the line. Told him if he didn’t
patch up the pot, Jesus, he’d kick the shite out of him.</p>
<p>So Terry brought the three pints.</p>
<p>—Here, says Joe, doing the honours. Here, citizen.</p>
<p>—<em>Slan leat</em>, says he.</p>
<p>—Fortune, Joe, says I. Good health, citizen.</p>
<p>Gob, he had his mouth half way down the tumbler already. Want a small
fortune to keep him in drinks.</p>
<p>—Who is the long fellow running for the mayoralty, Alf? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Friend of yours, says Alf.</p>
<p>—Nannan? says Joe. The mimber?</p>
<p>—I won’t mention any names, says Alf.</p>
<p>—I thought so, says Joe. I saw him up at that meeting now with
William Field, M. P., the cattle traders.</p>
<p>—Hairy Iopas, says the citizen, that exploded volcano, the darling of
all countries and the idol of his own.</p>
<p>So Joe starts telling the citizen about the foot and mouth disease
and the cattle traders and taking action in the matter and the citizen
sending them all to the rightabout and Bloom coming out with his
sheepdip for the scab and a hoose drench for coughing calves and the
guaranteed remedy for timber tongue. Because he was up one time in a
knacker’s yard. Walking about with his book and pencil here’s my head
and my heels are coming till Joe Cuffe gave him the order of the boot
for giving lip to a grazier. Mister Knowall. Teach your grandmother how
to milk ducks. Pisser Burke was telling me in the hotel the wife used to
be in rivers of tears some times with Mrs O’Dowd crying her eyes out
with her eight inches of fat all over her. Couldn’t loosen her farting
strings but old cod’s eye was waltzing around her showing her how to do
it. What’s your programme today? Ay. Humane methods. Because the poor
animals suffer and experts say and the best known remedy that doesn’t
cause pain to the animal and on the sore spot administer gently. Gob,
he’d have a soft hand under a hen.</p>
<p>Ga Ga Gara. Klook Klook Klook. Black Liz is our hen. She lays eggs
for us. When she lays her egg she is so glad. Gara. Klook Klook Klook.
Then comes good uncle Leo. He puts his hand under black Liz and takes
her fresh egg. Ga ga ga ga Gara. Klook Klook Klook.</p>
<p>—Anyhow, says Joe, Field and Nannetti are going over tonight to
London to ask about it on the floor of the house of commons.</p>
<p>—Are you sure, says Bloom, the councillor is going? I wanted to see
him, as it happens.</p>
<p>—Well, he’s going off by the mailboat, says Joe, tonight.</p>
<p>—That’s too bad, says Bloom. I wanted particularly. Perhaps only Mr
Field is going. I couldn’t phone. No. You’re sure?</p>
<p>—Nannan’s going too, says Joe. The league told him to ask a question
tomorrow about the commissioner of police forbidding Irish games in the
park. What do you think of that, citizen? <em>The Sluagh na
h-Eireann</em>.</p>
<p>Mr Cowe Conacre (Multifarnham. Nat.): Arising out of the question of
my honourable friend, the member for Shillelagh, may I ask the right
honourable gentleman whether the government has issued orders that these
animals shall be slaughtered though no medical evidence is forthcoming
as to their pathological condition?</p>
<p>Mr Allfours (Tamoshant. Con.): Honourable members are already in
possession of the evidence produced before a committee of the whole
house. I feel I cannot usefully add anything to that. The answer to the
honourable member’s question is in the affirmative.</p>
<p>Mr Orelli O’Reilly (Montenotte. Nat.): Have similar orders been
issued for the slaughter of human animals who dare to play Irish games
in the Phoenix park?</p>
<p>Mr Allfours: The answer is in the negative.</p>
<p>Mr Cowe Conacre: Has the right honourable gentleman’s famous
Mitchelstown telegram inspired the policy of gentlemen on the Treasury
bench? (O! O!)</p>
<p>Mr Allfours: I must have notice of that question.</p>
<p>Mr Staylewit (Buncombe. Ind.): Don’t hesitate to shoot.</p>
<p>(Ironical opposition cheers.)</p>
<p>The speaker: Order! Order!</p>
<p>(The house rises. Cheers.)</p>
<p>—There’s the man, says Joe, that made the Gaelic sports revival.
There he is sitting there. The man that got away James Stephens. The
champion of all Ireland at putting the sixteen pound shot. What was your
best throw, citizen?</p>
<p>—<em>Na bacleis</em>, says the citizen, letting on to be modest.
There was a time I was as good as the next fellow anyhow.</p>
<p>—Put it there, citizen, says Joe. You were and a bloody sight
better.</p>
<p>—Is that really a fact? says Alf.</p>
<p>—Yes, says Bloom. That’s well known. Did you not know that?</p>
<p>So off they started about Irish sports and shoneen games the like of
lawn tennis and about hurley and putting the stone and racy of the soil
and building up a nation once again and all to that. And of course Bloom
had to have his say too about if a fellow had a rower’s heart violent
exercise was bad. I declare to my antimacassar if you took up a straw
from the bloody floor and if you said to Bloom: <em>Look at, Bloom. Do
you see that straw? That’s a straw</em>. Declare to my aunt he’d talk
about it for an hour so he would and talk steady.</p>
<p>A most interesting discussion took place in the ancient hall of
<em>Brian O’Ciarnain’s</em> in <em>Sraid na Bretaine Bheag</em>, under
the auspices of <em>Sluagh na h-Eireann</em>, on the revival of ancient
Gaelic sports and the importance of physical culture, as understood in
ancient Greece and ancient Rome and ancient Ireland, for the development
of the race. The venerable president of the noble order was in the chair
and the attendance was of large dimensions. After an instructive
discourse by the chairman, a magnificent oration eloquently and forcibly
expressed, a most interesting and instructive discussion of the usual
high standard of excellence ensued as to the desirability of the
revivability of the ancient games and sports of our ancient Panceltic
forefathers. The wellknown and highly respected worker in the cause of
our old tongue, Mr Joseph M’Carthy Hynes, made an eloquent appeal for
the resuscitation of the ancient Gaelic sports and pastimes, practised
morning and evening by Finn MacCool, as calculated to revive the best
traditions of manly strength and prowess handed down to us from ancient
ages. L. Bloom, who met with a mixed reception of applause and hisses,
having espoused the negative the vocalist chairman brought the
discussion to a close, in response to repeated requests and hearty
plaudits from all parts of a bumper house, by a remarkably noteworthy
rendering of the immortal Thomas Osborne Davis’ evergreen verses
(happily too familiar to need recalling here) <em>A nation once
again</em> in the execution of which the veteran patriot champion may be
said without fear of contradiction to have fairly excelled himself. The
Irish Caruso-Garibaldi was in superlative form and his stentorian notes
were heard to the greatest advantage in the timehonoured anthem sung as
only our citizen can sing it. His superb highclass vocalism, which by
its superquality greatly enhanced his already international reputation,
was vociferously applauded by the large audience among which were to be
noticed many prominent members of the clergy as well as representatives
of the press and the bar and the other learned professions. The
proceedings then terminated.</p>
<p>Amongst the clergy present were the very rev. William Delany, S. J.,
L. L. D.; the rt rev. Gerald Molloy, D. D.; the rev. P. J. Kavanagh, C.
S. Sp.; the rev. T. Waters, C. C.; the rev. John M. Ivers, P. P.; the
rev. P. J. Cleary, O. S. F.; the rev. L. J. Hickey, O. P.; the very rev.
Fr. Nicholas, O. S. F. C.; the very rev. B. Gorman, O. D. C.; the rev.
T. Maher, S. J.; the very rev. James Murphy, S. J.; the rev. John
Lavery, V. F.; the very rev. William Doherty, D. D.; the rev. Peter
Fagan, O. M.; the rev. T. Brangan, O. S. A.; the rev. J. Flavin, C. C.;
the rev. M. A. Hackett, C. C.; the rev. W. Hurley, C. C.; the rt rev.
Mgr M’Manus, V. G.; the rev. B. R. Slattery, O. M. I.; the very rev. M.
D. Scally, P. P.; the rev. F. T. Purcell, O. P.; the very rev. Timothy
canon Gorman, P. P.; the rev. J. Flanagan, C. C. The laity included P.
Fay, T. Quirke, etc., etc.</p>
<p>—Talking about violent exercise, says Alf, were you at that
Keogh-Bennett match?</p>
<p>—No, says Joe.</p>
<p>—I heard So and So made a cool hundred quid over it, says Alf.</p>
<p>—Who? Blazes? says Joe.</p>
<p>And says Bloom:</p>
<p>—What I meant about tennis, for example, is the agility and training
the eye.</p>
<p>—Ay, Blazes, says Alf. He let out that Myler was on the beer to run
up the odds and he swatting all the time.</p>
<p>—We know him, says the citizen. The traitor’s son. We know what put
English gold in his pocket.</p>
<p>—True for you, says Joe.</p>
<p>And Bloom cuts in again about lawn tennis and the circulation of the
blood, asking Alf:</p>
<p>—Now, don’t you think, Bergan?</p>
<p>—Myler dusted the floor with him, says Alf. Heenan and Sayers was
only a bloody fool to it. Handed him the father and mother of a beating.
See the little kipper not up to his navel and the big fellow swiping.
God, he gave him one last puck in the wind, Queensberry rules and all,
made him puke what he never ate.</p>
<p>It was a historic and a hefty battle when Myler and Percy were
scheduled to don the gloves for the purse of fifty sovereigns.
Handicapped as he was by lack of poundage, Dublin’s pet lamb made up for
it by superlative skill in ringcraft. The final bout of fireworks was a
gruelling for both champions. The welterweight sergeantmajor had tapped
some lively claret in the previous mixup during which Keogh had been
receivergeneral of rights and lefts, the artilleryman putting in some
neat work on the pet’s nose, and Myler came on looking groggy. The
soldier got to business, leading off with a powerful left jab to which
the Irish gladiator retaliated by shooting out a stiff one flush to the
point of Bennett’s jaw. The redcoat ducked but the Dubliner lifted him
with a left hook, the body punch being a fine one. The men came to
handigrips. Myler quickly became busy and got his man under, the bout
ending with the bulkier man on the ropes, Myler punishing him. The
Englishman, whose right eye was nearly closed, took his corner where he
was liberally drenched with water and when the bell went came on gamey
and brimful of pluck, confident of knocking out the fistic Eblanite in
jigtime. It was a fight to a finish and the best man for it. The two
fought like tigers and excitement ran fever high. The referee twice
cautioned Pucking Percy for holding but the pet was tricky and his
footwork a treat to watch. After a brisk exchange of courtesies during
which a smart upper cut of the military man brought blood freely from
his opponent’s mouth the lamb suddenly waded in all over his man and
landed a terrific left to Battling Bennett’s stomach, flooring him flat.
It was a knockout clean and clever. Amid tense expectation the
Portobello bruiser was being counted out when Bennett’s second Ole
Pfotts Wettstein threw in the towel and the Santry boy was declared
victor to the frenzied cheers of the public who broke through the
ringropes and fairly mobbed him with delight.</p>
<p>—He knows which side his bread is buttered, says Alf. I hear he’s
running a concert tour now up in the north.</p>
<p>—He is, says Joe. Isn’t he?</p>
<p>—Who? says Bloom. Ah, yes. That’s quite true. Yes, a kind of summer
tour, you see. Just a holiday.</p>
<p>—Mrs B. is the bright particular star, isn’t she? says Joe.</p>
<p>—My wife? says Bloom. She’s singing, yes. I think it will be a
success too. He’s an excellent man to organise. Excellent.</p>
<p>Hoho begob says I to myself says I. That explains the milk in the
cocoanut and absence of hair on the animal’s chest. Blazes doing the
tootle on the flute. Concert tour. Dirty Dan the dodger’s son off Island
bridge that sold the same horses twice over to the government to fight
the Boers. Old Whatwhat. I called about the poor and water rate, Mr
Boylan. You what? The water rate, Mr Boylan. You whatwhat? That’s the
bucko that’ll organise her, take my tip. ’Twixt me and you
Caddareesh.</p>
<p>Pride of Calpe’s rocky mount, the ravenhaired daughter of Tweedy.
There grew she to peerless beauty where loquat and almond scent the air.
The gardens of Alameda knew her step: the garths of olives knew and
bowed. The chaste spouse of Leopold is she: Marion of the bountiful
bosoms.</p>
<p>And lo, there entered one of the clan of the O’Molloy’s, a comely
hero of white face yet withal somewhat ruddy, his majesty’s counsel
learned in the law, and with him the prince and heir of the noble line
of Lambert.</p>
<p>—Hello, Ned.</p>
<p>—Hello, Alf.</p>
<p>—Hello, Jack.</p>
<p>—Hello, Joe.</p>
<p>—God save you, says the citizen.</p>
<p>—Save you kindly, says J. J. What’ll it be, Ned?</p>
<p>—Half one, says Ned.</p>
<p>So J. J. ordered the drinks.</p>
<p>—Were you round at the court? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Yes, says J. J. He’ll square that, Ned, says he.</p>
<p>—Hope so, says Ned.</p>
<p>Now what were those two at? J. J. getting him off the grand jury list
and the other give him a leg over the stile. With his name in Stubbs’s.
Playing cards, hobnobbing with flash toffs with a swank glass in their
eye, adrinking fizz and he half smothered in writs and garnishee orders.
Pawning his gold watch in Cummins of Francis street where no-one would
know him in the private office when I was there with Pisser releasing
his boots out of the pop. What’s your name, sir? Dunne, says he. Ay, and
done says I. Gob, he’ll come home by weeping cross one of those days,
I’m thinking.</p>
<p>—Did you see that bloody lunatic Breen round there? says Alf. U. p:
up.</p>
<p>—Yes, says J. J. Looking for a private detective.</p>
<p>—Ay, says Ned. And he wanted right go wrong to address the court only
Corny Kelleher got round him telling him to get the handwriting examined
first.</p>
<p>—Ten thousand pounds, says Alf, laughing. God, I’d give anything to
hear him before a judge and jury.</p>
<p>—Was it you did it, Alf? says Joe. The truth, the whole truth and
nothing but the truth, so help you Jimmy Johnson.</p>
<p>—Me? says Alf. Don’t cast your nasturtiums on my character.</p>
<p>—Whatever statement you make, says Joe, will be taken down in
evidence against you.</p>
<p>—Of course an action would lie, says J. J. It implies that he is not
<em>compos mentis</em>. U. p: up.</p>
<p><em>—Compos</em> your eye! says Alf, laughing. Do you know that he’s
balmy? Look at his head. Do you know that some mornings he has to get
his hat on with a shoehorn.</p>
<p>—Yes, says J. J., but the truth of a libel is no defence to an
indictment for publishing it in the eyes of the law.</p>
<p>—Ha ha, Alf, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Still, says Bloom, on account of the poor woman, I mean his
wife.</p>
<p>—Pity about her, says the citizen. Or any other woman marries a half
and half.</p>
<p>—How half and half? says Bloom. Do you mean he...</p>
<p>—Half and half I mean, says the citizen. A fellow that’s neither fish
nor flesh.</p>
<p>—Nor good red herring, says Joe.</p>
<p>—That what’s I mean, says the citizen. A pishogue, if you know what
that is.</p>
<p>Begob I saw there was trouble coming. And Bloom explaining he meant
on account of it being cruel for the wife having to go round after the
old stuttering fool. Cruelty to animals so it is to let that bloody
povertystricken Breen out on grass with his beard out tripping him,
bringing down the rain. And she with her nose cockahoop after she
married him because a cousin of his old fellow’s was pewopener to the
pope. Picture of him on the wall with his Smashall Sweeney’s moustaches,
the signior Brini from Summerhill, the eyetallyano, papal Zouave to the
Holy Father, has left the quay and gone to Moss street. And who was he,
tell us? A nobody, two pair back and passages, at seven shillings a
week, and he covered with all kinds of breastplates bidding defiance to
the world.</p>
<p>—And moreover, says J. J., a postcard is publication. It was held to
be sufficient evidence of malice in the testcase Sadgrove v. Hole. In my
opinion an action might lie.</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-13.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-13.htm.html_pgepubid00078"
class="chapter">
<p>Six and eightpence, please. Who wants your opinion? Let us drink our
pints in peace. Gob, we won’t be let even do that much itself.</p>
<p>—Well, good health, Jack, says Ned.</p>
<p>—Good health, Ned, says J. J.</p>
<p>—-There he is again, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Where? says Alf.</p>
<p>And begob there he was passing the door with his books under his
oxter and the wife beside him and Corny Kelleher with his wall eye
looking in as they went past, talking to him like a father, trying to
sell him a secondhand coffin.</p>
<p>—How did that Canada swindle case go off? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Remanded, says J. J.</p>
<p>One of the bottlenosed fraternity it was went by the name of James
Wought alias Saphiro alias Spark and Spiro, put an ad in the papers
saying he’d give a passage to Canada for twenty bob. What? Do you see
any green in the white of my eye? Course it was a bloody barney. What?
Swindled them all, skivvies and badhachs from the county Meath, ay, and
his own kidney too. J. J. was telling us there was an ancient Hebrew
Zaretsky or something weeping in the witnessbox with his hat on him,
swearing by the holy Moses he was stuck for two quid.</p>
<p>—Who tried the case? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Recorder, says Ned.</p>
<p>—Poor old sir Frederick, says Alf, you can cod him up to the two
eyes.</p>
<p>—Heart as big as a lion, says Ned. Tell him a tale of woe about
arrears of rent and a sick wife and a squad of kids and, faith, he’ll
dissolve in tears on the bench.</p>
<p>—Ay, says Alf. Reuben J was bloody lucky he didn’t clap him in the
dock the other day for suing poor little Gumley that’s minding stones,
for the corporation there near Butt bridge.</p>
<p>And he starts taking off the old recorder letting on to cry:</p>
<p>—A most scandalous thing! This poor hardworking man! How many
children? Ten, did you say?</p>
<p>—Yes, your worship. And my wife has the typhoid.</p>
<p>—And the wife with typhoid fever! Scandalous! Leave the court
immediately, sir. No, sir, I’ll make no order for payment. How dare you,
sir, come up before me and ask me to make an order! A poor hardworking
industrious man! I dismiss the case.</p>
<p>And whereas on the sixteenth day of the month of the oxeyed goddess
and in the third week after the feastday of the Holy and Undivided
Trinity, the daughter of the skies, the virgin moon being then in her
first quarter, it came to pass that those learned judges repaired them
to the halls of law. There master Courtenay, sitting in his own chamber,
gave his rede and master Justice Andrews, sitting without a jury in the
probate court, weighed well and pondered the claim of the first
chargeant upon the property in the matter of the will propounded and
final testamentary disposition <em>in re</em> the real and personal
estate of the late lamented Jacob Halliday, vintner, deceased, versus
Livingstone, an infant, of unsound mind, and another. And to the solemn
court of Green street there came sir Frederick the Falconer. And he sat
him there about the hour of five o’clock to administer the law of the
brehons at the commission for all that and those parts to be holden in
and for the county of the city of Dublin. And there sat with him the
high sinhedrim of the twelve tribes of Iar, for every tribe one man, of
the tribe of Patrick and of the tribe of Hugh and of the tribe of Owen
and of the tribe of Conn and of the tribe of Oscar and of the tribe of
Fergus and of the tribe of Finn and of the tribe of Dermot and of the
tribe of Cormac and of the tribe of Kevin and of the tribe of Caolte and
of the tribe of Ossian, there being in all twelve good men and true. And
he conjured them by Him who died on rood that they should well and truly
try and true deliverance make in the issue joined between their
sovereign lord the king and the prisoner at the bar and true verdict
give according to the evidence so help them God and kiss the book. And
they rose in their seats, those twelve of Iar, and they swore by the
name of Him Who is from everlasting that they would do His
rightwiseness. And straightway the minions of the law led forth from
their donjon keep one whom the sleuthhounds of justice had apprehended
in consequence of information received. And they shackled him hand and
foot and would take of him ne bail ne mainprise but preferred a charge
against him for he was a malefactor.</p>
<p>—Those are nice things, says the citizen, coming over here to Ireland
filling the country with bugs.</p>
<p>So Bloom lets on he heard nothing and he starts talking with Joe,
telling him he needn’t trouble about that little matter till the first
but if he would just say a word to Mr Crawford. And so Joe swore high
and holy by this and by that he’d do the devil and all.</p>
<p>—Because, you see, says Bloom, for an advertisement you must have
repetition. That’s the whole secret.</p>
<p>—Rely on me, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Swindling the peasants, says the citizen, and the poor of Ireland.
We want no more strangers in our house.</p>
<p>—O, I’m sure that will be all right, Hynes, says Bloom. It’s just
that Keyes, you see.</p>
<p>—Consider that done, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Very kind of you, says Bloom.</p>
<p>—The strangers, says the citizen. Our own fault. We let them come in.
We brought them in. The adulteress and her paramour brought the Saxon
robbers here.</p>
<p>—Decree <em>nisi,</em> says J. J.</p>
<p>And Bloom letting on to be awfully deeply interested in nothing, a
spider’s web in the corner behind the barrel, and the citizen scowling
after him and the old dog at his feet looking up to know who to bite and
when.</p>
<p>—A dishonoured wife, says the citizen, that’s what’s the cause of all
our misfortunes.</p>
<p>—And here she is, says Alf, that was giggling over the <em>Police
Gazette</em> with Terry on the counter, in all her warpaint.</p>
<p>—Give us a squint at her, says I.</p>
<p>And what was it only one of the smutty yankee pictures Terry borrows
off of Corny Kelleher. Secrets for enlarging your private parts.
Misconduct of society belle. Norman W. Tupper, wealthy Chicago
contractor, finds pretty but faithless wife in lap of officer Taylor.
Belle in her bloomers misconducting herself, and her fancyman feeling
for her tickles and Norman W. Tupper bouncing in with his peashooter
just in time to be late after she doing the trick of the loop with
officer Taylor.</p>
<p>—O jakers, Jenny, says Joe, how short your shirt is!</p>
<p>—There’s hair, Joe, says I. Get a queer old tailend of corned beef
off of that one, what?</p>
<p>So anyhow in came John Wyse Nolan and Lenehan with him with a face on
him as long as a late breakfast.</p>
<p>—Well, says the citizen, what’s the latest from the scene of action?
What did those tinkers in the city hall at their caucus meeting decide
about the Irish language?</p>
<p>O’Nolan, clad in shining armour, low bending made obeisance to the
puissant and high and mighty chief of all Erin and did him to wit of
that which had befallen, how that the grave elders of the most obedient
city, second of the realm, had met them in the tholsel, and there, after
due prayers to the gods who dwell in ether supernal, had taken solemn
counsel whereby they might, if so be it might be, bring once more into
honour among mortal men the winged speech of the seadivided Gael.</p>
<p>—It’s on the march, says the citizen. To hell with the bloody brutal
Sassenachs and their <em>patois.</em></p>
<p>So J. J. puts in a word, doing the toff about one story was good till
you heard another and blinking facts and the Nelson policy, putting your
blind eye to the telescope and drawing up a bill of attainder to impeach
a nation, and Bloom trying to back him up moderation and botheration and
their colonies and their civilisation.</p>
<p>—Their syphilisation, you mean, says the citizen. To hell with them!
The curse of a goodfornothing God light sideways on the bloody
thicklugged sons of whores’ gets! No music and no art and no literature
worthy of the name. Any civilisation they have they stole from us.
Tonguetied sons of bastards’ ghosts.</p>
<p>—The European family, says J. J....</p>
<p>—They’re not European, says the citizen. I was in Europe with Kevin
Egan of Paris. You wouldn’t see a trace of them or their language
anywhere in Europe except in a <em>cabinet d’aisance.</em></p>
<p>And says John Wyse:</p>
<p>—Full many a flower is born to blush unseen.</p>
<p>And says Lenehan that knows a bit of the lingo:</p>
<p>—<em>Conspuez les Anglais! Perfide Albion!</em></p>
<p>He said and then lifted he in his rude great brawny strengthy hands
the medher of dark strong foamy ale and, uttering his tribal slogan
<em>Lamh Dearg Abu</em>, he drank to the undoing of his foes, a race of
mighty valorous heroes, rulers of the waves, who sit on thrones of
alabaster silent as the deathless gods.</p>
<p>—What’s up with you, says I to Lenehan. You look like a fellow that
had lost a bob and found a tanner.</p>
<p>—Gold cup, says he.</p>
<p>—Who won, Mr Lenehan? says Terry.</p>
<p><em>—Throwaway,</em> says he, at twenty to one. A rank outsider. And
the rest nowhere.</p>
<p>—And Bass’s mare? says Terry.</p>
<p>—Still running, says he. We’re all in a cart. Boylan plunged two quid
on my tip <em>Sceptre</em> for himself and a lady friend.</p>
<p>—I had half a crown myself, says Terry, on <em>Zinfandel</em> that Mr
Flynn gave me. Lord Howard de Walden’s.</p>
<p>—Twenty to one, says Lenehan. Such is life in an outhouse.
<em>Throwaway,</em> says he. Takes the biscuit, and talking about
bunions. Frailty, thy name is <em>Sceptre.</em></p>
<p>So he went over to the biscuit tin Bob Doran left to see if there was
anything he could lift on the nod, the old cur after him backing his
luck with his mangy snout up. Old Mother Hubbard went to the
cupboard.</p>
<p>—Not there, my child, says he.</p>
<p>—Keep your pecker up, says Joe. She’d have won the money only for the
other dog.</p>
<p>And J. J. and the citizen arguing about law and history with Bloom
sticking in an odd word.</p>
<p>—Some people, says Bloom, can see the mote in others’ eyes but they
can’t see the beam in their own.</p>
<p>—<em>Raimeis</em>, says the citizen. There’s no-one as blind as the
fellow that won’t see, if you know what that means. Where are our
missing twenty millions of Irish should be here today instead of four,
our lost tribes? And our potteries and textiles, the finest in the whole
world! And our wool that was sold in Rome in the time of Juvenal and our
flax and our damask from the looms of Antrim and our Limerick lace, our
tanneries and our white flint glass down there by Ballybough and our
Huguenot poplin that we have since Jacquard de Lyon and our woven silk
and our Foxford tweeds and ivory raised point from the Carmelite convent
in New Ross, nothing like it in the whole wide world. Where are the
Greek merchants that came through the pillars of Hercules, the Gibraltar
now grabbed by the foe of mankind, with gold and Tyrian purple to sell
in Wexford at the fair of Carmen? Read Tacitus and Ptolemy, even
Giraldus Cambrensis. Wine, peltries, Connemara marble, silver from
Tipperary, second to none, our farfamed horses even today, the Irish
hobbies, with king Philip of Spain offering to pay customs duties for
the right to fish in our waters. What do the yellowjohns of Anglia owe
us for our ruined trade and our ruined hearths? And the beds of the
Barrow and Shannon they won’t deepen with millions of acres of marsh and
bog to make us all die of consumption?</p>
<p>—As treeless as Portugal we’ll be soon, says John Wyse, or Heligoland
with its one tree if something is not done to reafforest the land.
Larches, firs, all the trees of the conifer family are going fast. I was
reading a report of lord Castletown’s...</p>
<p>—Save them, says the citizen, the giant ash of Galway and the
chieftain elm of Kildare with a fortyfoot bole and an acre of foliage.
Save the trees of Ireland for the future men of Ireland on the fair
hills of Eire, O.</p>
<p>—Europe has its eyes on you, says Lenehan.</p>
<p>The fashionable international world attended <em>en masse</em> this
afternoon at the wedding of the chevalier Jean Wyse de Neaulan, grand
high chief ranger of the Irish National Foresters, with Miss Fir Conifer
of Pine Valley. Lady Sylvester Elmshade, Mrs Barbara Lovebirch, Mrs Poll
Ash, Mrs Holly Hazeleyes, Miss Daphne Bays, Miss Dorothy Canebrake, Mrs
Clyde Twelvetrees, Mrs Rowan Greene, Mrs Helen Vinegadding, Miss
Virginia Creeper, Miss Gladys Beech, Miss Olive Garth, Miss Blanche
Maple, Mrs Maud Mahogany, Miss Myra Myrtle, Miss Priscilla Elderflower,
Miss Bee Honeysuckle, Miss Grace Poplar, Miss O Mimosa San, Miss Rachel
Cedarfrond, the Misses Lilian and Viola Lilac, Miss Timidity Aspenall,
Mrs Kitty Dewey-Mosse, Miss May Hawthorne, Mrs Gloriana Palme, Mrs Liana
Forrest, Mrs Arabella Blackwood and Mrs Norma Holyoake of Oakholme Regis
graced the ceremony by their presence. The bride who was given away by
her father, the M’Conifer of the Glands, looked exquisitely charming in
a creation carried out in green mercerised silk, moulded on an underslip
of gloaming grey, sashed with a yoke of broad emerald and finished with
a triple flounce of darkerhued fringe, the scheme being relieved by
bretelles and hip insertions of acorn bronze. The maids of honour, Miss
Larch Conifer and Miss Spruce Conifer, sisters of the bride, wore very
becoming costumes in the same tone, a dainty <em>motif</em> of plume
rose being worked into the pleats in a pinstripe and repeated
capriciously in the jadegreen toques in the form of heron feathers of
paletinted coral. Senhor Enrique Flor presided at the organ with his
wellknown ability and, in addition to the prescribed numbers of the
nuptial mass, played a new and striking arrangement of <em>Woodman,
spare that tree</em> at the conclusion of the service. On leaving the
church of Saint Fiacre <em>in Horto</em> after the papal blessing the
happy pair were subjected to a playful crossfire of hazelnuts,
beechmast, bayleaves, catkins of willow, ivytod, hollyberries, mistletoe
sprigs and quicken shoots. Mr and Mrs Wyse Conifer Neaulan will spend a
quiet honeymoon in the Black Forest.</p>
<p>—And our eyes are on Europe, says the citizen. We had our trade with
Spain and the French and with the Flemings before those mongrels were
pupped, Spanish ale in Galway, the winebark on the winedark
waterway.</p>
<p>—And will again, says Joe.</p>
<p>—And with the help of the holy mother of God we will again, says the
citizen, clapping his thigh. Our harbours that are empty will be full
again, Queenstown, Kinsale, Galway, Blacksod Bay, Ventry in the kingdom
of Kerry, Killybegs, the third largest harbour in the wide world with a
fleet of masts of the Galway Lynches and the Cavan O’Reillys and the
O’Kennedys of Dublin when the earl of Desmond could make a treaty with
the emperor Charles the Fifth himself. And will again, says he, when the
first Irish battleship is seen breasting the waves with our own flag to
the fore, none of your Henry Tudor’s harps, no, the oldest flag afloat,
the flag of the province of Desmond and Thomond, three crowns on a blue
field, the three sons of Milesius.</p>
<p>And he took the last swig out of the pint. Moya. All wind and piss
like a tanyard cat. Cows in Connacht have long horns. As much as his
bloody life is worth to go down and address his tall talk to the
assembled multitude in Shanagolden where he daren’t show his nose with
the Molly Maguires looking for him to let daylight through him for
grabbing the holding of an evicted tenant.</p>
<p>—Hear, hear to that, says John Wyse. What will you have?</p>
<p>—An imperial yeomanry, says Lenehan, to celebrate the occasion.</p>
<p>—Half one, Terry, says John Wyse, and a hands up. Terry! Are you
asleep?</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, says Terry. Small whisky and bottle of Allsop. Right,
sir.</p>
<p>Hanging over the bloody paper with Alf looking for spicy bits instead
of attending to the general public. Picture of a butting match, trying
to crack their bloody skulls, one chap going for the other with his head
down like a bull at a gate. And another one: <em>Black Beast Burned in
Omaha, Ga</em>. A lot of Deadwood Dicks in slouch hats and they firing
at a Sambo strung up in a tree with his tongue out and a bonfire under
him. Gob, they ought to drown him in the sea after and electrocute and
crucify him to make sure of their job.</p>
<p>—But what about the fighting navy, says Ned, that keeps our foes at
bay?</p>
<p>—I’ll tell you what about it, says the citizen. Hell upon earth it
is. Read the revelations that’s going on in the papers about flogging on
the training ships at Portsmouth. A fellow writes that calls himself
<em>Disgusted One</em>.</p>
<p>So he starts telling us about corporal punishment and about the crew
of tars and officers and rearadmirals drawn up in cocked hats and the
parson with his protestant bible to witness punishment and a young lad
brought out, howling for his ma, and they tie him down on the buttend of
a gun.</p>
<p>—A rump and dozen, says the citizen, was what that old ruffian sir
John Beresford called it but the modern God’s Englishman calls it caning
on the breech.</p>
<p>And says John Wyse:</p>
<p>—’Tis a custom more honoured in the breach than in the
observance.</p>
<p>Then he was telling us the master at arms comes along with a long
cane and he draws out and he flogs the bloody backside off of the poor
lad till he yells meila murder.</p>
<p>—That’s your glorious British navy, says the citizen, that bosses the
earth. The fellows that never will be slaves, with the only hereditary
chamber on the face of God’s earth and their land in the hands of a
dozen gamehogs and cottonball barons. That’s the great empire they boast
about of drudges and whipped serfs.</p>
<p>—On which the sun never rises, says Joe.</p>
<p>—And the tragedy of it is, says the citizen, they believe it. The
unfortunate yahoos believe it.</p>
<p>They believe in rod, the scourger almighty, creator of hell upon
earth, and in Jacky Tar, the son of a gun, who was conceived of unholy
boast, born of the fighting navy, suffered under rump and dozen, was
scarified, flayed and curried, yelled like bloody hell, the third day he
arose again from the bed, steered into haven, sitteth on his beamend
till further orders whence he shall come to drudge for a living and be
paid.</p>
<p>—But, says Bloom, isn’t discipline the same everywhere. I mean
wouldn’t it be the same here if you put force against force?</p>
<p>Didn’t I tell you? As true as I’m drinking this porter if he was at
his last gasp he’d try to downface you that dying was living.</p>
<p>—We’ll put force against force, says the citizen. We have our greater
Ireland beyond the sea. They were driven out of house and home in the
black 47. Their mudcabins and their shielings by the roadside were laid
low by the batteringram and the <em>Times</em> rubbed its hands and told
the whitelivered Saxons there would soon be as few Irish in Ireland as
redskins in America. Even the Grand Turk sent us his piastres. But the
Sassenach tried to starve the nation at home while the land was full of
crops that the British hyenas bought and sold in Rio de Janeiro. Ay,
they drove out the peasants in hordes. Twenty thousand of them died in
the coffinships. But those that came to the land of the free remember
the land of bondage. And they will come again and with a vengeance, no
cravens, the sons of Granuaile, the champions of Kathleen ni
Houlihan.</p>
<p>—Perfectly true, says Bloom. But my point was...</p>
<p>—We are a long time waiting for that day, citizen, says Ned. Since
the poor old woman told us that the French were on the sea and landed at
Killala.</p>
<p>—Ay, says John Wyse. We fought for the royal Stuarts that reneged us
against the Williamites and they betrayed us. Remember Limerick and the
broken treatystone. We gave our best blood to France and Spain, the wild
geese. Fontenoy, eh? And Sarsfield and O’Donnell, duke of Tetuan in
Spain, and Ulysses Browne of Camus that was fieldmarshal to Maria
Teresa. But what did we ever get for it?</p>
<p>—The French! says the citizen. Set of dancing masters! Do you know
what it is? They were never worth a roasted fart to Ireland. Aren’t they
trying to make an <em>Entente cordiale</em> now at Tay Pay’s dinnerparty
with perfidious Albion? Firebrands of Europe and they always were.</p>
<p>—<em>Conspuez les Français</em>, says Lenehan, nobbling his beer.</p>
<p>—And as for the Prooshians and the Hanoverians, says Joe, haven’t we
had enough of those sausageeating bastards on the throne from George the
elector down to the German lad and the flatulent old bitch that’s
dead?</p>
<p>Jesus, I had to laugh at the way he came out with that about the old
one with the winkers on her, blind drunk in her royal palace every night
of God, old Vic, with her jorum of mountain dew and her coachman carting
her up body and bones to roll into bed and she pulling him by the
whiskers and singing him old bits of songs about <em>Ehren on the
Rhine</em> and come where the boose is cheaper.</p>
<p>—Well, says J. J. We have Edward the peacemaker now.</p>
<p>—Tell that to a fool, says the citizen. There’s a bloody sight more
pox than pax about that boyo. Edward Guelph-Wettin!</p>
<p>—And what do you think, says Joe, of the holy boys, the priests and
bishops of Ireland doing up his room in Maynooth in His Satanic
Majesty’s racing colours and sticking up pictures of all the horses his
jockeys rode. The earl of Dublin, no less.</p>
<p>—They ought to have stuck up all the women he rode himself, says
little Alf.</p>
<p>And says J. J.:</p>
<p>—Considerations of space influenced their lordships’ decision.</p>
<p>—Will you try another, citizen? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Yes, sir, says he. I will.</p>
<p>—You? says Joe.</p>
<p>—Beholden to you, Joe, says I. May your shadow never grow less.</p>
<p>—Repeat that dose, says Joe.</p>
<p>Bloom was talking and talking with John Wyse and he quite excited
with his dunducketymudcoloured mug on him and his old plumeyes rolling
about.</p>
<p>—Persecution, says he, all the history of the world is full of it.
Perpetuating national hatred among nations.</p>
<p>—But do you know what a nation means? says John Wyse.</p>
<p>—Yes, says Bloom.</p>
<p>—What is it? says John Wyse.</p>
<p>—A nation? says Bloom. A nation is the same people living in the same
place.</p>
<p>—By God, then, says Ned, laughing, if that’s so I’m a nation for I’m
living in the same place for the past five years.</p>
<p>So of course everyone had the laugh at Bloom and says he, trying to
muck out of it:</p>
<p>—Or also living in different places.</p>
<p>—That covers my case, says Joe.</p>
<p>—What is your nation if I may ask? says the citizen.</p>
<p>—Ireland, says Bloom. I was born here. Ireland.</p>
<p>The citizen said nothing only cleared the spit out of his gullet and,
gob, he spat a Red bank oyster out of him right in the corner.</p>
<p>—After you with the push, Joe, says he, taking out his handkerchief
to swab himself dry.</p>
<p>—Here you are, citizen, says Joe. Take that in your right hand and
repeat after me the following words.</p>
<p>The muchtreasured and intricately embroidered ancient Irish facecloth
attributed to Solomon of Droma and Manus Tomaltach og MacDonogh, authors
of the Book of Ballymote, was then carefully produced and called forth
prolonged admiration. No need to dwell on the legendary beauty of the
cornerpieces, the acme of art, wherein one can distinctly discern each
of the four evangelists in turn presenting to each of the four masters
his evangelical symbol, a bogoak sceptre, a North American puma (a far
nobler king of beasts than the British article, be it said in passing),
a Kerry calf and a golden eagle from Carrantuohill. The scenes depicted
on the emunctory field, showing our ancient duns and raths and cromlechs
and grianauns and seats of learning and maledictive stones, are as
wonderfully beautiful and the pigments as delicate as when the Sligo
illuminators gave free rein to their artistic fantasy long long ago in
the time of the Barmecides. Glendalough, the lovely lakes of Killarney,
the ruins of Clonmacnois, Cong Abbey, Glen Inagh and the Twelve Pins,
Ireland’s Eye, the Green Hills of Tallaght, Croagh Patrick, the brewery
of Messrs Arthur Guinness, Son and Company (Limited), Lough Neagh’s
banks, the vale of Ovoca, Isolde’s tower, the Mapas obelisk, Sir Patrick
Dun’s hospital, Cape Clear, the glen of Aherlow, Lynch’s castle, the
Scotch house, Rathdown Union Workhouse at Loughlinstown, Tullamore jail,
Castleconnel rapids, Kilballymacshonakill, the cross at Monasterboice,
Jury’s Hotel, S. Patrick’s Purgatory, the Salmon Leap, Maynooth college
refectory, Curley’s hole, the three birthplaces of the first duke of
Wellington, the rock of Cashel, the bog of Allen, the Henry Street
Warehouse, Fingal’s Cave—all these moving scenes are still there for us
today rendered more beautiful still by the waters of sorrow which have
passed over them and by the rich incrustations of time.</p>
<p>—Show us over the drink, says I. Which is which?</p>
<p>—That’s mine, says Joe, as the devil said to the dead policeman.</p>
<p>—And I belong to a race too, says Bloom, that is hated and
persecuted. Also now. This very moment. This very instant.</p>
<p>Gob, he near burnt his fingers with the butt of his old cigar.</p>
<p>—Robbed, says he. Plundered. Insulted. Persecuted. Taking what
belongs to us by right. At this very moment, says he, putting up his
fist, sold by auction in Morocco like slaves or cattle.</p>
<p>—Are you talking about the new Jerusalem? says the citizen.</p>
<p>—I’m talking about injustice, says Bloom.</p>
<p>—Right, says John Wyse. Stand up to it then with force like men.</p>
<p>That’s an almanac picture for you. Mark for a softnosed bullet. Old
lardyface standing up to the business end of a gun. Gob, he’d adorn a
sweepingbrush, so he would, if he only had a nurse’s apron on him. And
then he collapses all of a sudden, twisting around all the opposite, as
limp as a wet rag.</p>
<p>—But it’s no use, says he. Force, hatred, history, all that. That’s
not life for men and women, insult and hatred. And everybody knows that
it’s the very opposite of that that is really life.</p>
<p>—What? says Alf.</p>
<p>—Love, says Bloom. I mean the opposite of hatred. I must go now, says
he to John Wyse. Just round to the court a moment to see if Martin is
there. If he comes just say I’ll be back in a second. Just a moment.</p>
<p>Who’s hindering you? And off he pops like greased lightning.</p>
<p>—A new apostle to the gentiles, says the citizen. Universal love.</p>
<p>—Well, says John Wyse. Isn’t that what we’re told. Love your
neighbour.</p>
<p>—That chap? says the citizen. Beggar my neighbour is his motto. Love,
moya! He’s a nice pattern of a Romeo and Juliet.</p>
<p>Love loves to love love. Nurse loves the new chemist. Constable 14A
loves Mary Kelly. Gerty MacDowell loves the boy that has the bicycle. M.
B. loves a fair gentleman. Li Chi Han lovey up kissy Cha Pu Chow. Jumbo,
the elephant, loves Alice, the elephant. Old Mr Verschoyle with the ear
trumpet loves old Mrs Verschoyle with the turnedin eye. The man in the
brown macintosh loves a lady who is dead. His Majesty the King loves Her
Majesty the Queen. Mrs Norman W. Tupper loves officer Taylor. You love a
certain person. And this person loves that other person because
everybody loves somebody but God loves everybody.</p>
<p>—Well, Joe, says I, your very good health and song. More power,
citizen.</p>
<p>—Hurrah, there, says Joe.</p>
<p>—The blessing of God and Mary and Patrick on you, says the
citizen.</p>
<p>And he ups with his pint to wet his whistle.</p>
<p>—We know those canters, says he, preaching and picking your pocket.
What about sanctimonious Cromwell and his ironsides that put the women
and children of Drogheda to the sword with the bible text <em>God is
love</em> pasted round the mouth of his cannon? The bible! Did you read
that skit in the <em>United Irishman</em> today about that Zulu chief
that’s visiting England?</p>
<p>—What’s that? says Joe.</p>
<p>So the citizen takes up one of his paraphernalia papers and he starts
reading out:</p>
<p>—A delegation of the chief cotton magnates of Manchester was
presented yesterday to His Majesty the Alaki of Abeakuta by Gold Stick
in Waiting, Lord Walkup of Walkup on Eggs, to tender to His Majesty the
heartfelt thanks of British traders for the facilities afforded them in
his dominions. The delegation partook of luncheon at the conclusion of
which the dusky potentate, in the course of a happy speech, freely
translated by the British chaplain, the reverend Ananias Praisegod
Barebones, tendered his best thanks to Massa Walkup and emphasised the
cordial relations existing between Abeakuta and the British empire,
stating that he treasured as one of his dearest possessions an
illuminated bible, the volume of the word of God and the secret of
England’s greatness, graciously presented to him by the white chief
woman, the great squaw Victoria, with a personal dedication from the
august hand of the Royal Donor. The Alaki then drank a lovingcup of
firstshot usquebaugh to the toast <em>Black and White</em> from the
skull of his immediate predecessor in the dynasty Kakachakachak,
surnamed Forty Warts, after which he visited the chief factory of
Cottonopolis and signed his mark in the visitors’ book, subsequently
executing a charming old Abeakutic wardance, in the course of which he
swallowed several knives and forks, amid hilarious applause from the
girl hands.</p>
<p>—Widow woman, says Ned. I wouldn’t doubt her. Wonder did he put that
bible to the same use as I would.</p>
<p>—Same only more so, says Lenehan. And thereafter in that fruitful
land the broadleaved mango flourished exceedingly.</p>
<p>—Is that by Griffith? says John Wyse.</p>
<p>—No, says the citizen. It’s not signed Shanganagh. It’s only
initialled: P.</p>
<p>—And a very good initial too, says Joe.</p>
<p>—That’s how it’s worked, says the citizen. Trade follows the
flag.</p>
<p>—Well, says J. J., if they’re any worse than those Belgians in the
Congo Free State they must be bad. Did you read that report by a man
what’s this his name is?</p>
<p>—Casement, says the citizen. He’s an Irishman.</p>
<p>—Yes, that’s the man, says J. J. Raping the women and girls and
flogging the natives on the belly to squeeze all the red rubber they can
out of them.</p>
<p>—I know where he’s gone, says Lenehan, cracking his fingers.</p>
<p>—Who? says I.</p>
<p>—Bloom, says he. The courthouse is a blind. He had a few bob on
<em>Throwaway</em> and he’s gone to gather in the shekels.</p>
<p>—Is it that whiteeyed kaffir? says the citizen, that never backed a
horse in anger in his life?</p>
<p>—That’s where he’s gone, says Lenehan. I met Bantam Lyons going to
back that horse only I put him off it and he told me Bloom gave him the
tip. Bet you what you like he has a hundred shillings to five on. He’s
the only man in Dublin has it. A dark horse.</p>
<p>—He’s a bloody dark horse himself, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Mind, Joe, says I. Show us the entrance out.</p>
<p>—There you are, says Terry.</p>
<p>Goodbye Ireland I’m going to Gort. So I just went round the back of
the yard to pumpship and begob (hundred shillings to five) while I was
letting off my <em>(Throwaway</em> twenty to) letting off my load gob
says I to myself I knew he was uneasy in his (two pints off of Joe and
one in Slattery’s off) in his mind to get off the mark to (hundred
shillings is five quid) and when they were in the (dark horse) pisser
Burke was telling me card party and letting on the child was sick (gob,
must have done about a gallon) flabbyarse of a wife speaking down the
tube <em>she’s better</em> or <em>she’s</em> (ow!) all a plan so he
could vamoose with the pool if he won or (Jesus, full up I was) trading
without a licence (ow!) Ireland my nation says he (hoik! phthook!) never
be up to those bloody (there’s the last of it) Jerusalem (ah!)
cuckoos.</p>
<p>So anyhow when I got back they were at it dingdong, John Wyse saying
it was Bloom gave the ideas for Sinn Fein to Griffith to put in his
paper all kinds of jerrymandering, packed juries and swindling the taxes
off of the government and appointing consuls all over the world to walk
about selling Irish industries. Robbing Peter to pay Paul. Gob, that
puts the bloody kybosh on it if old sloppy eyes is mucking up the show.
Give us a bloody chance. God save Ireland from the likes of that bloody
mouseabout. Mr Bloom with his argol bargol. And his old fellow before
him perpetrating frauds, old Methusalem Bloom, the robbing bagman, that
poisoned himself with the prussic acid after he swamping the country
with his baubles and his penny diamonds. Loans by post on easy terms.
Any amount of money advanced on note of hand. Distance no object. No
security. Gob, he’s like Lanty MacHale’s goat that’d go a piece of the
road with every one.</p>
<p>—Well, it’s a fact, says John Wyse. And there’s the man now that’ll
tell you all about it, Martin Cunningham.</p>
<p>Sure enough the castle car drove up with Martin on it and Jack Power
with him and a fellow named Crofter or Crofton, pensioner out of the
collector general’s, an orangeman Blackburn does have on the
registration and he drawing his pay or Crawford gallivanting around the
country at the king’s expense.</p>
<p>Our travellers reached the rustic hostelry and alighted from their
palfreys.</p>
<p>—Ho, varlet! cried he, who by his mien seemed the leader of the
party. Saucy knave! To us!</p>
<p>So saying he knocked loudly with his swordhilt upon the open
lattice.</p>
<p>Mine host came forth at the summons, girding him with his tabard.</p>
<p>—Give you good den, my masters, said he with an obsequious bow.</p>
<p>—Bestir thyself, sirrah! cried he who had knocked. Look to our
steeds. And for ourselves give us of your best for ifaith we need
it.</p>
<p>—Lackaday, good masters, said the host, my poor house has but a bare
larder. I know not what to offer your lordships.</p>
<p>—How now, fellow? cried the second of the party, a man of pleasant
countenance, So servest thou the king’s messengers, master Taptun?</p>
<p>An instantaneous change overspread the landlord’s visage.</p>
<p>—Cry you mercy, gentlemen, he said humbly. An you be the king’s
messengers (God shield His Majesty!) you shall not want for aught. The
king’s friends (God bless His Majesty!) shall not go afasting in my
house I warrant me.</p>
<p>—Then about! cried the traveller who had not spoken, a lusty
trencherman by his aspect. Hast aught to give us?</p>
<p>Mine host bowed again as he made answer:</p>
<p>—What say you, good masters, to a squab pigeon pasty, some collops of
venison, a saddle of veal, widgeon with crisp hog’s bacon, a boar’s head
with pistachios, a bason of jolly custard, a medlar tansy and a flagon
of old Rhenish?</p>
<p>—Gadzooks! cried the last speaker. That likes me well.
Pistachios!</p>
<p>—Aha! cried he of the pleasant countenance. A poor house and a bare
larder, quotha! ’Tis a merry rogue.</p>
<p>So in comes Martin asking where was Bloom.</p>
<p>—Where is he? says Lenehan. Defrauding widows and orphans.</p>
<p>—Isn’t that a fact, says John Wyse, what I was telling the citizen
about Bloom and the Sinn Fein?</p>
<p>—That’s so, says Martin. Or so they allege.</p>
<p>—Who made those allegations? says Alf.</p>
<p>—I, says Joe. I’m the alligator.</p>
<p>—And after all, says John Wyse, why can’t a jew love his country like
the next fellow?</p>
<p>—Why not? says J. J., when he’s quite sure which country it is.</p>
<p>—Is he a jew or a gentile or a holy Roman or a swaddler or what the
hell is he? says Ned. Or who is he? No offence, Crofton.</p>
<p>—Who is Junius? says J. J.</p>
<p>—We don’t want him, says Crofter the Orangeman or presbyterian.</p>
<p>—He’s a perverted jew, says Martin, from a place in Hungary and it
was he drew up all the plans according to the Hungarian system. We know
that in the castle.</p>
<p>—Isn’t he a cousin of Bloom the dentist? says Jack Power.</p>
<p>—Not at all, says Martin. Only namesakes. His name was Virag, the
father’s name that poisoned himself. He changed it by deedpoll, the
father did.</p>
<p>—That’s the new Messiah for Ireland! says the citizen. Island of
saints and sages!</p>
<p>—Well, they’re still waiting for their redeemer, says Martin. For
that matter so are we.</p>
<p>—Yes, says J. J., and every male that’s born they think it may be
their Messiah. And every jew is in a tall state of excitement, I
believe, till he knows if he’s a father or a mother.</p>
<p>—Expecting every moment will be his next, says Lenehan.</p>
<p>—O, by God, says Ned, you should have seen Bloom before that son of
his that died was born. I met him one day in the south city markets
buying a tin of Neave’s food six weeks before the wife was
delivered.</p>
<p>—<em>En ventre sa mère</em>, says J. J.</p>
<p>—Do you call that a man? says the citizen.</p>
<p>—I wonder did he ever put it out of sight, says Joe.</p>
<p>—Well, there were two children born anyhow, says Jack Power.</p>
<p>—And who does he suspect? says the citizen.</p>
<p>Gob, there’s many a true word spoken in jest. One of those mixed
middlings he is. Lying up in the hotel Pisser was telling me once a
month with headache like a totty with her courses. Do you know what I’m
telling you? It’d be an act of God to take a hold of a fellow the like
of that and throw him in the bloody sea. Justifiable homicide, so it
would. Then sloping off with his five quid without putting up a pint of
stuff like a man. Give us your blessing. Not as much as would blind your
eye.</p>
<p>—Charity to the neighbour, says Martin. But where is he? We can’t
wait.</p>
<p>—A wolf in sheep’s clothing, says the citizen. That’s what he is.
Virag from Hungary! Ahasuerus I call him. Cursed by God.</p>
<p>—Have you time for a brief libation, Martin? says Ned.</p>
<p>—Only one, says Martin. We must be quick. J. J. and S.</p>
<p>—You, Jack? Crofton? Three half ones, Terry.</p>
<p>—Saint Patrick would want to land again at Ballykinlar and convert
us, says the citizen, after allowing things like that to contaminate our
shores.</p>
<p>—Well, says Martin, rapping for his glass. God bless all here is my
prayer.</p>
<p>—Amen, says the citizen.</p>
<p>—And I’m sure He will, says Joe.</p>
<p>And at the sound of the sacring bell, headed by a crucifer with
acolytes, thurifers, boatbearers, readers, ostiarii, deacons and
subdeacons, the blessed company drew nigh of mitred abbots and priors
and guardians and monks and friars: the monks of Benedict of Spoleto,
Carthusians and Camaldolesi, Cistercians and Olivetans, Oratorians and
Vallombrosans, and the friars of Augustine, Brigittines,
Premonstratensians, Servi, Trinitarians, and the children of Peter
Nolasco: and therewith from Carmel mount the children of Elijah prophet
led by Albert bishop and by Teresa of Avila, calced and other: and
friars, brown and grey, sons of poor Francis, capuchins, cordeliers,
minimes and observants and the daughters of Clara: and the sons of
Dominic, the friars preachers, and the sons of Vincent: and the monks of
S. Wolstan: and Ignatius his children: and the confraternity of the
christian brothers led by the reverend brother Edmund Ignatius Rice. And
after came all saints and martyrs, virgins and confessors: S. Cyr and S.
Isidore Arator and S. James the Less and S. Phocas of Sinope and S.
Julian Hospitator and S. Felix de Cantalice and S. Simon Stylites and S.
Stephen Protomartyr and S. John of God and S. Ferreol and S. Leugarde
and S. Theodotus and S. Vulmar and S. Richard and S. Vincent de Paul and
S. Martin of Todi and S. Martin of Tours and S. Alfred and S. Joseph and
S. Denis and S. Cornelius and S. Leopold and S. Bernard and S. Terence
and S. Edward and S. Owen Caniculus and S. Anonymous and S. Eponymous
and S. Pseudonymous and S. Homonymous and S. Paronymous and S.
Synonymous and S. Laurence O’Toole and S. James of Dingle and
Compostella and S. Columcille and S. Columba and S. Celestine and S.
Colman and S. Kevin and S. Brendan and S. Frigidian and S. Senan and S.
Fachtna and S. Columbanus and S. Gall and S. Fursey and S. Fintan and S.
Fiacre and S. John Nepomuc and S. Thomas Aquinas and S. Ives of Brittany
and S. Michan and S. Herman-Joseph and the three patrons of holy youth
S. Aloysius Gonzaga and S. Stanislaus Kostka and S. John Berchmans and
the saints Gervasius, Servasius and Bonifacius and S. Bride and S.
Kieran and S. Canice of Kilkenny and S. Jarlath of Tuam and S. Finbarr
and S. Pappin of Ballymun and Brother Aloysius Pacificus and Brother
Louis Bellicosus and the saints Rose of Lima and of Viterbo and S.
Martha of Bethany and S. Mary of Egypt and S. Lucy and S. Brigid and S.
Attracta and S. Dympna and S. Ita and S. Marion Calpensis and the
Blessed Sister Teresa of the Child Jesus and S. Barbara and S.
Scholastica and S. Ursula with eleven thousand virgins. And all came
with nimbi and aureoles and gloriae, bearing palms and harps and swords
and olive crowns, in robes whereon were woven the blessed symbols of
their efficacies, inkhorns, arrows, loaves, cruses, fetters, axes,
trees, bridges, babes in a bathtub, shells, wallets, shears, keys,
dragons, lilies, buckshot, beards, hogs, lamps, bellows, beehives,
soupladles, stars, snakes, anvils, boxes of vaseline, bells, crutches,
forceps, stags’ horns, watertight boots, hawks, millstones, eyes on a
dish, wax candles, aspergills, unicorns. And as they wended their way by
Nelson’s Pillar, Henry street, Mary street, Capel street, Little Britain
street chanting the introit in <em>Epiphania Domini</em> which beginneth
<em>Surge, illuminare</em> and thereafter most sweetly the gradual
<em>Omnes</em> which saith <em>de Saba venient</em> they did divers
wonders such as casting out devils, raising the dead to life,
multiplying fishes, healing the halt and the blind, discovering various
articles which had been mislaid, interpreting and fulfilling the
scriptures, blessing and prophesying. And last, beneath a canopy of
cloth of gold came the reverend Father O’Flynn attended by Malachi and
Patrick. And when the good fathers had reached the appointed place, the
house of Bernard Kiernan and Co, limited, 8, 9 and 10 little Britain
street, wholesale grocers, wine and brandy shippers, licensed for the
sale of beer, wine and spirits for consumption on the premises, the
celebrant blessed the house and censed the mullioned windows and the
groynes and the vaults and the arrises and the capitals and the
pediments and the cornices and the engrailed arches and the spires and
the cupolas and sprinkled the lintels thereof with blessed water and
prayed that God might bless that house as he had blessed the house of
Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and make the angels of His light to inhabit
therein. And entering he blessed the viands and the beverages and the
company of all the blessed answered his prayers.</p>
<p>—<em>Adiutorium nostrum in nomine Domini.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Qui fecit cœlum et terram.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Dominus vobiscum.</em></p>
<p>—<em>Et cum spiritu tuo.</em></p>
<p>And he laid his hands upon that he blessed and gave thanks and he
prayed and they all with him prayed:</p>
<p>—<em>Deus, cuius verbo sanctificantur omnia, benedictionem tuam
effunde super creaturas istas: et praesta ut quisquis eis secundum legem
et voluntatem Tuam cum gratiarum actione usus fuerit per invocationem
sanctissimi nominis Tui corporis sanitatem et animæ tutelam Te auctore
percipiat per Christum Dominum nostrum.</em></p>
<p>—And so say all of us, says Jack.</p>
<p>—Thousand a year, Lambert, says Crofton or Crawford.</p>
<p>—Right, says Ned, taking up his John Jameson. And butter for
fish.</p>
<p>I was just looking around to see who the happy thought would strike
when be damned but in he comes again letting on to be in a hell of a
hurry.</p>
<p>—I was just round at the courthouse, says he, looking for you. I hope
I’m not...</p>
<p>—No, says Martin, we’re ready.</p>
<p>Courthouse my eye and your pockets hanging down with gold and silver.
Mean bloody scut. Stand us a drink itself. Devil a sweet fear! There’s a
jew for you! All for number one. Cute as a shithouse rat. Hundred to
five.</p>
<p>—Don’t tell anyone, says the citizen.</p>
<p>—Beg your pardon, says he.</p>
<p>—Come on boys, says Martin, seeing it was looking blue. Come along
now.</p>
<p>—Don’t tell anyone, says the citizen, letting a bawl out of him. It’s
a secret.</p>
<p>And the bloody dog woke up and let a growl.</p>
<p>—Bye bye all, says Martin.</p>
<p>And he got them out as quick as he could, Jack Power and Crofton or
whatever you call him and him in the middle of them letting on to be all
at sea and up with them on the bloody jaunting car.</p>
<p>—Off with you, says Martin to the jarvey.</p>
<p>The milkwhite dolphin tossed his mane and, rising in the golden poop
the helmsman spread the bellying sail upon the wind and stood off
forward with all sail set, the spinnaker to larboard. A many comely
nymphs drew nigh to starboard and to larboard and, clinging to the sides
of the noble bark, they linked their shining forms as doth the cunning
wheelwright when he fashions about the heart of his wheel the
equidistant rays whereof each one is sister to another and he binds them
all with an outer ring and giveth speed to the feet of men whenas they
ride to a hosting or contend for the smile of ladies fair. Even so did
they come and set them, those willing nymphs, the undying sisters. And
they laughed, sporting in a circle of their foam: and the bark clave the
waves.</p>
<p>But begob I was just lowering the heel of the pint when I saw the
citizen getting up to waddle to the door, puffing and blowing with the
dropsy, and he cursing the curse of Cromwell on him, bell, book and
candle in Irish, spitting and spatting out of him and Joe and little Alf
round him like a leprechaun trying to peacify him.</p>
<p>—Let me alone, says he.</p>
<p>And begob he got as far as the door and they holding him and he bawls
out of him:</p>
<p>—Three cheers for Israel!</p>
<p>Arrah, sit down on the parliamentary side of your arse for Christ’
sake and don’t be making a public exhibition of yourself. Jesus, there’s
always some bloody clown or other kicking up a bloody murder about
bloody nothing. Gob, it’d turn the porter sour in your guts, so it
would.</p>
<p>And all the ragamuffins and sluts of the nation round the door and
Martin telling the jarvey to drive ahead and the citizen bawling and Alf
and Joe at him to whisht and he on his high horse about the jews and the
loafers calling for a speech and Jack Power trying to get him to sit
down on the car and hold his bloody jaw and a loafer with a patch over
his eye starts singing <em>If the man in the moon was a jew, jew,
jew</em> and a slut shouts out of her:</p>
<p>—Eh, mister! Your fly is open, mister!</p>
<p>And says he:</p>
<p>—Mendelssohn was a jew and Karl Marx and Mercadante and Spinoza. And
the Saviour was a jew and his father was a jew. Your God.</p>
<p>—He had no father, says Martin. That’ll do now. Drive ahead.</p>
<p>—Whose God? says the citizen.</p>
<p>—Well, his uncle was a jew, says he. Your God was a jew. Christ was a
jew like me.</p>
<p>Gob, the citizen made a plunge back into the shop.</p>
<p>—By Jesus, says he, I’ll brain that bloody jewman for using the holy
name. By Jesus, I’ll crucify him so I will. Give us that biscuitbox
here.</p>
<p>—Stop! Stop! says Joe.</p>
<p>A large and appreciative gathering of friends and acquaintances from
the metropolis and greater Dublin assembled in their thousands to bid
farewell to Nagyaságos uram Lipóti Virag, late of Messrs Alexander
Thom’s, printers to His Majesty, on the occasion of his departure for
the distant clime of Százharminczbrojúgulyás-Dugulás (Meadow of
Murmuring Waters). The ceremony which went off with great <em>éclat</em>
was characterised by the most affecting cordiality. An illuminated
scroll of ancient Irish vellum, the work of Irish artists, was presented
to the distinguished phenomenologist on behalf of a large section of the
community and was accompanied by the gift of a silver casket, tastefully
executed in the style of ancient Celtic ornament, a work which reflects
every credit on the makers, Messrs Jacob <em>agus</em> Jacob. The
departing guest was the recipient of a hearty ovation, many of those who
were present being visibly moved when the select orchestra of Irish
pipes struck up the wellknown strains of <em>Come Back to Erin</em>,
followed immediately by <em>Rakóczsy’s March</em>. Tarbarrels and
bonfires were lighted along the coastline of the four seas on the
summits of the Hill of Howth, Three Rock Mountain, Sugarloaf, Bray Head,
the mountains of Mourne, the Galtees, the Ox and Donegal and Sperrin
peaks, the Nagles and the Bograghs, the Connemara hills, the reeks of
M’Gillicuddy, Slieve Aughty, Slieve Bernagh and Slieve Bloom. Amid
cheers that rent the welkin, responded to by answering cheers from a big
muster of henchmen on the distant Cambrian and Caledonian hills, the
mastodontic pleasureship slowly moved away saluted by a final floral
tribute from the representatives of the fair sex who were present in
large numbers while, as it proceeded down the river, escorted by a
flotilla of barges, the flags of the Ballast office and Custom House
were dipped in salute as were also those of the electrical power station
at the Pigeonhouse and the Poolbeg Light. <em>Visszontlátásra, kedvés
barátom! Visszontlátásra!</em> Gone but not forgotten.</p>
<p>Gob, the devil wouldn’t stop him till he got hold of the bloody tin
anyhow and out with him and little Alf hanging on to his elbow and he
shouting like a stuck pig, as good as any bloody play in the Queen’s
royal theatre:</p>
<p>—Where is he till I murder him?</p>
<p>And Ned and J. J. paralysed with the laughing.</p>
<p>—Bloody wars, says I, I’ll be in for the last gospel.</p>
<p>But as luck would have it the jarvey got the nag’s head round the
other way and off with him.</p>
<p>—Hold on, citizen, says Joe. Stop!</p>
<p>Begob he drew his hand and made a swipe and let fly. Mercy of God the
sun was in his eyes or he’d have left him for dead. Gob, he near sent it
into the county Longford. The bloody nag took fright and the old mongrel
after the car like bloody hell and all the populace shouting and
laughing and the old tinbox clattering along the street.</p>
<p>The catastrophe was terrific and instantaneous in its effect. The
observatory of Dunsink registered in all eleven shocks, all of the fifth
grade of Mercalli’s scale, and there is no record extant of a similar
seismic disturbance in our island since the earthquake of 1534, the year
of the rebellion of Silken Thomas. The epicentre appears to have been
that part of the metropolis which constitutes the Inn’s Quay ward and
parish of Saint Michan covering a surface of fortyone acres, two roods
and one square pole or perch. All the lordly residences in the vicinity
of the palace of justice were demolished and that noble edifice itself,
in which at the time of the catastrophe important legal debates were in
progress, is literally a mass of ruins beneath which it is to be feared
all the occupants have been buried alive. From the reports of
eyewitnesses it transpires that the seismic waves were accompanied by a
violent atmospheric perturbation of cyclonic character. An article of
headgear since ascertained to belong to the much respected clerk of the
crown and peace Mr George Fottrell and a silk umbrella with gold handle
with the engraved initials, crest, coat of arms and house number of the
erudite and worshipful chairman of quarter sessions sir Frederick
Falkiner, recorder of Dublin, have been discovered by search parties in
remote parts of the island respectively, the former on the third
basaltic ridge of the giant’s causeway, the latter embedded to the
extent of one foot three inches in the sandy beach of Holeopen bay near
the old head of Kinsale. Other eyewitnesses depose that they observed an
incandescent object of enormous proportions hurtling through the
atmosphere at a terrifying velocity in a trajectory directed southwest
by west. Messages of condolence and sympathy are being hourly received
from all parts of the different continents and the sovereign pontiff has
been graciously pleased to decree that a special <em>missa pro
defunctis</em> shall be celebrated simultaneously by the ordinaries of
each and every cathedral church of all the episcopal dioceses subject to
the spiritual authority of the Holy See in suffrage of the souls of
those faithful departed who have been so unexpectedly called away from
our midst. The work of salvage, removal of <em>débris,</em> human
remains etc has been entrusted to Messrs Michael Meade and Son, 159
Great Brunswick street, and Messrs T. and C. Martin, 77, 78, 79 and 80
North Wall, assisted by the men and officers of the Duke of Cornwall’s
light infantry under the general supervision of H. R. H., rear admiral,
the right honourable sir Hercules Hannibal Habeas Corpus Anderson, K.
G., K. P., K. T., P. C., K. C. B., M. P., J. P., M. B., D. S. O., S. O.
D., M. F. H., M. R. I. A., B. L., Mus. Doc., P. L. G., F. T. C. D., F.
R. U. I., F. R. C. P. I. and F. R. C. S. I.</p>
<p>You never saw the like of it in all your born puff. Gob, if he got
that lottery ticket on the side of his poll he’d remember the gold cup,
he would so, but begob the citizen would have been lagged for assault
and battery and Joe for aiding and abetting. The jarvey saved his life
by furious driving as sure as God made Moses. What? O, Jesus, he did.
And he let a volley of oaths after him.</p>
<p>—Did I kill him, says he, or what?</p>
<p>And he shouting to the bloody dog:</p>
<p>—After him, Garry! After him, boy!</p>
<p>And the last we saw was the bloody car rounding the corner and old
sheepsface on it gesticulating and the bloody mongrel after it with his
lugs back for all he was bloody well worth to tear him limb from limb.
Hundred to five! Jesus, he took the value of it out of him, I promise
you.</p>
<p>When, lo, there came about them all a great brightness and they
beheld the chariot wherein He stood ascend to heaven. And they beheld
Him in the chariot, clothed upon in the glory of the brightness, having
raiment as of the sun, fair as the moon and terrible that for awe they
durst not look upon Him. And there came a voice out of heaven, calling:
<em>Elijah! Elijah!</em> And He answered with a main cry: <em>Abba!
Adonai!</em> And they beheld Him even Him, ben Bloom Elijah, amid clouds
of angels ascend to the glory of the brightness at an angle of fortyfive
degrees over Donohoe’s in Little Green street like a shot off a
shovel.</p>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-14.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-14.htm.html_pgepubid00079"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-14.htm.html_chap13"></span>[ 13
]</h3>
<p>The summer evening had begun to fold the world in its mysterious
embrace. Far away in the west the sun was setting and the last glow of
all too fleeting day lingered lovingly on sea and strand, on the proud
promontory of dear old Howth guarding as ever the waters of the bay, on
the weedgrown rocks along Sandymount shore and, last but not least, on
the quiet church whence there streamed forth at times upon the stillness
the voice of prayer to her who is in her pure radiance a beacon ever to
the stormtossed heart of man, Mary, star of the sea.</p>
<p>The three girl friends were seated on the rocks, enjoying the evening
scene and the air which was fresh but not too chilly. Many a time and
oft were they wont to come there to that favourite nook to have a cosy
chat beside the sparkling waves and discuss matters feminine, Cissy
Caffrey and Edy Boardman with the baby in the pushcar and Tommy and
Jacky Caffrey, two little curlyheaded boys, dressed in sailor suits with
caps to match and the name <em>H. M. S. Belleisle</em> printed on both.
For Tommy and Jacky Caffrey were twins, scarce four years old and very
noisy and spoiled twins sometimes but for all that darling little
fellows with bright merry faces and endearing ways about them. They were
dabbling in the sand with their spades and buckets, building castles as
children do, or playing with their big coloured ball, happy as the day
was long. And Edy Boardman was rocking the chubby baby to and fro in the
pushcar while that young gentleman fairly chuckled with delight. He was
but eleven months and nine days old and, though still a tiny toddler,
was just beginning to lisp his first babyish words. Cissy Caffrey bent
over to him to tease his fat little plucks and the dainty dimple in his
chin.</p>
<p>—Now, baby, Cissy Caffrey said. Say out big, big. I want a drink of
water.</p>
<p>And baby prattled after her:</p>
<p>—A jink a jink a jawbo.</p>
<p>Cissy Caffrey cuddled the wee chap for she was awfully fond of
children, so patient with little sufferers and Tommy Caffrey could never
be got to take his castor oil unless it was Cissy Caffrey that held his
nose and promised him the scatty heel of the loaf or brown bread with
golden syrup on. What a persuasive power that girl had! But to be sure
baby Boardman was as good as gold, a perfect little dote in his new
fancy bib. None of your spoilt beauties, Flora MacFlimsy sort, was Cissy
Caffrey. A truerhearted lass never drew the breath of life, always with
a laugh in her gipsylike eyes and a frolicsome word on her cherryripe
red lips, a girl lovable in the extreme. And Edy Boardman laughed too at
the quaint language of little brother.</p>
<p>But just then there was a slight altercation between Master Tommy and
Master Jacky. Boys will be boys and our two twins were no exception to
this golden rule. The apple of discord was a certain castle of sand
which Master Jacky had built and Master Tommy would have it right go
wrong that it was to be architecturally improved by a frontdoor like the
Martello tower had. But if Master Tommy was headstrong Master Jacky was
selfwilled too and, true to the maxim that every little Irishman’s house
is his castle, he fell upon his hated rival and to such purpose that the
wouldbe assailant came to grief and (alas to relate!) the coveted castle
too. Needless to say the cries of discomfited Master Tommy drew the
attention of the girl friends.</p>
<p>—Come here, Tommy, his sister called imperatively. At once! And you,
Jacky, for shame to throw poor Tommy in the dirty sand. Wait till I
catch you for that.</p>
<p>His eyes misty with unshed tears Master Tommy came at her call for
their big sister’s word was law with the twins. And in a sad plight he
was too after his misadventure. His little man-o’-war top and
unmentionables were full of sand but Cissy was a past mistress in the
art of smoothing over life’s tiny troubles and very quickly not one
speck of sand was to be seen on his smart little suit. Still the blue
eyes were glistening with hot tears that would well up so she kissed
away the hurtness and shook her hand at Master Jacky the culprit and
said if she was near him she wouldn’t be far from him, her eyes dancing
in admonition.</p>
<p>—Nasty bold Jacky! she cried.</p>
<p>She put an arm round the little mariner and coaxed winningly:</p>
<p>—What’s your name? Butter and cream?</p>
<p>—Tell us who is your sweetheart, spoke Edy Boardman. Is Cissy your
sweetheart?</p>
<p>—Nao, tearful Tommy said.</p>
<p>—Is Edy Boardman your sweetheart? Cissy queried.</p>
<p>—Nao, Tommy said.</p>
<p>—I know, Edy Boardman said none too amiably with an arch glance from
her shortsighted eyes. I know who is Tommy’s sweetheart. Gerty is
Tommy’s sweetheart.</p>
<p>—Nao, Tommy said on the verge of tears.</p>
<p>Cissy’s quick motherwit guessed what was amiss and she whispered to
Edy Boardman to take him there behind the pushcar where the gentleman
couldn’t see and to mind he didn’t wet his new tan shoes.</p>
<p>But who was Gerty?</p>
<p>Gerty MacDowell who was seated near her companions, lost in thought,
gazing far away into the distance was, in very truth, as fair a specimen
of winsome Irish girlhood as one could wish to see. She was pronounced
beautiful by all who knew her though, as folks often said, she was more
a Giltrap than a MacDowell. Her figure was slight and graceful,
inclining even to fragility but those iron jelloids she had been taking
of late had done her a world of good much better than the Widow Welch’s
female pills and she was much better of those discharges she used to get
and that tired feeling. The waxen pallor of her face was almost
spiritual in its ivorylike purity though her rosebud mouth was a genuine
Cupid’s bow, Greekly perfect. Her hands were of finely veined alabaster
with tapering fingers and as white as lemonjuice and queen of ointments
could make them though it was not true that she used to wear kid gloves
in bed or take a milk footbath either. Bertha Supple told that once to
Edy Boardman, a deliberate lie, when she was black out at daggers drawn
with Gerty (the girl chums had of course their little tiffs from time to
time like the rest of mortals) and she told her not to let on whatever
she did that it was her that told her or she’d never speak to her again.
No. Honour where honour is due. There was an innate refinement, a
languid queenly <em>hauteur</em> about Gerty which was unmistakably
evidenced in her delicate hands and higharched instep. Had kind fate but
willed her to be born a gentlewoman of high degree in her own right and
had she only received the benefit of a good education Gerty MacDowell
might easily have held her own beside any lady in the land and have seen
herself exquisitely gowned with jewels on her brow and patrician suitors
at her feet vying with one another to pay their devoirs to her. Mayhap
it was this, the love that might have been, that lent to her
softlyfeatured face at whiles a look, tense with suppressed meaning,
that imparted a strange yearning tendency to the beautiful eyes, a charm
few could resist. Why have women such eyes of witchery? Gerty’s were of
the bluest Irish blue, set off by lustrous lashes and dark expressive
brows. Time was when those brows were not so silkily seductive. It was
Madame Vera Verity, directress of the Woman Beautiful page of the
Princess Novelette, who had first advised her to try eyebrowleine which
gave that haunting expression to the eyes, so becoming in leaders of
fashion, and she had never regretted it. Then there was blushing
scientifically cured and how to be tall increase your height and you
have a beautiful face but your nose? That would suit Mrs Dignam because
she had a button one. But Gerty’s crowning glory was her wealth of
wonderful hair. It was dark brown with a natural wave in it. She had cut
it that very morning on account of the new moon and it nestled about her
pretty head in a profusion of luxuriant clusters and pared her nails
too, Thursday for wealth. And just now at Edy’s words as a telltale
flush, delicate as the faintest rosebloom, crept into her cheeks she
looked so lovely in her sweet girlish shyness that of a surety God’s
fair land of Ireland did not hold her equal.</p>
<p>For an instant she was silent with rather sad downcast eyes. She was
about to retort but something checked the words on her tongue.
Inclination prompted her to speak out: dignity told her to be silent.
The pretty lips pouted awhile but then she glanced up and broke out into
a joyous little laugh which had in it all the freshness of a young May
morning. She knew right well, no-one better, what made squinty Edy say
that because of him cooling in his attentions when it was simply a
lovers’ quarrel. As per usual somebody’s nose was out of joint about the
boy that had the bicycle off the London bridge road always riding up and
down in front of her window. Only now his father kept him in in the
evenings studying hard to get an exhibition in the intermediate that was
on and he was going to go to Trinity college to study for a doctor when
he left the high school like his brother W. E. Wylie who was racing in
the bicycle races in Trinity college university. Little recked he
perhaps for what she felt, that dull aching void in her heart sometimes,
piercing to the core. Yet he was young and perchance he might learn to
love her in time. They were protestants in his family and of course
Gerty knew Who came first and after Him the Blessed Virgin and then
Saint Joseph. But he was undeniably handsome with an exquisite nose and
he was what he looked, every inch a gentleman, the shape of his head too
at the back without his cap on that she would know anywhere something
off the common and the way he turned the bicycle at the lamp with his
hands off the bars and also the nice perfume of those good cigarettes
and besides they were both of a size too he and she and that was why Edy
Boardman thought she was so frightfully clever because he didn’t go and
ride up and down in front of her bit of a garden.</p>
<p>Gerty was dressed simply but with the instinctive taste of a votary
of Dame Fashion for she felt that there was just a might that he might
be out. A neat blouse of electric blue selftinted by dolly dyes (because
it was expected in the <em>Lady’s Pictorial</em> that electric blue
would be worn) with a smart vee opening down to the division and
kerchief pocket (in which she always kept a piece of cottonwool scented
with her favourite perfume because the handkerchief spoiled the sit) and
a navy threequarter skirt cut to the stride showed off her slim graceful
figure to perfection. She wore a coquettish little love of a hat of
wideleaved nigger straw contrast trimmed with an underbrim of eggblue
chenille and at the side a butterfly bow of silk to tone. All Tuesday
week afternoon she was hunting to match that chenille but at last she
found what she wanted at Clery’s summer sales, the very it, slightly
shopsoiled but you would never notice, seven fingers two and a penny.
She did it up all by herself and what joy was hers when she tried it on
then, smiling at the lovely reflection which the mirror gave back to
her! And when she put it on the waterjug to keep the shape she knew that
that would take the shine out of some people she knew. Her shoes were
the newest thing in footwear (Edy Boardman prided herself that she was
very <em>petite</em> but she never had a foot like Gerty MacDowell, a
five, and never would ash, oak or elm) with patent toecaps and just one
smart buckle over her higharched instep. Her wellturned ankle displayed
its perfect proportions beneath her skirt and just the proper amount and
no more of her shapely limbs encased in finespun hose with highspliced
heels and wide garter tops. As for undies they were Gerty’s chief care
and who that knows the fluttering hopes and fears of sweet seventeen
(though Gerty would never see seventeen again) can find it in his heart
to blame her? She had four dinky sets with awfully pretty stitchery,
three garments and nighties extra, and each set slotted with different
coloured ribbons, rosepink, pale blue, mauve and peagreen, and she aired
them herself and blued them when they came home from the wash and ironed
them and she had a brickbat to keep the iron on because she wouldn’t
trust those washerwomen as far as she’d see them scorching the things.
She was wearing the blue for luck, hoping against hope, her own colour
and lucky too for a bride to have a bit of blue somewhere on her because
the green she wore that day week brought grief because his father
brought him in to study for the intermediate exhibition and because she
thought perhaps he might be out because when she was dressing that
morning she nearly slipped up the old pair on her inside out and that
was for luck and lovers’ meeting if you put those things on inside out
or if they got untied that he was thinking about you so long as it
wasn’t of a Friday.</p>
<p>And yet and yet! That strained look on her face! A gnawing sorrow is
there all the time. Her very soul is in her eyes and she would give
worlds to be in the privacy of her own familiar chamber where, giving
way to tears, she could have a good cry and relieve her pentup feelings
though not too much because she knew how to cry nicely before the
mirror. You are lovely, Gerty, it said. The paly light of evening falls
upon a face infinitely sad and wistful. Gerty MacDowell yearns in vain.
Yes, she had known from the very first that her daydream of a marriage
has been arranged and the weddingbells ringing for Mrs Reggy Wylie T. C.
D. (because the one who married the elder brother would be Mrs Wylie)
and in the fashionable intelligence Mrs Gertrude Wylie was wearing a
sumptuous confection of grey trimmed with expensive blue fox was not to
be. He was too young to understand. He would not believe in love, a
woman’s birthright. The night of the party long ago in Stoer’s (he was
still in short trousers) when they were alone and he stole an arm round
her waist she went white to the very lips. He called her little one in a
strangely husky voice and snatched a half kiss (the first!) but it was
only the end of her nose and then he hastened from the room with a
remark about refreshments. Impetuous fellow! Strength of character had
never been Reggy Wylie’s strong point and he who would woo and win Gerty
MacDowell must be a man among men. But waiting, always waiting to be
asked and it was leap year too and would soon be over. No prince
charming is her beau ideal to lay a rare and wondrous love at her feet
but rather a manly man with a strong quiet face who had not found his
ideal, perhaps his hair slightly flecked with grey, and who would
understand, take her in his sheltering arms, strain her to him in all
the strength of his deep passionate nature and comfort her with a long
long kiss. It would be like heaven. For such a one she yearns this balmy
summer eve. With all the heart of her she longs to be his only, his
affianced bride for riches for poor, in sickness in health, till death
us two part, from this to this day forward.</p>
<p>And while Edy Boardman was with little Tommy behind the pushcar she
was just thinking would the day ever come when she could call herself
his little wife to be. Then they could talk about her till they went
blue in the face, Bertha Supple too, and Edy, little spitfire, because
she would be twentytwo in November. She would care for him with creature
comforts too for Gerty was womanly wise and knew that a mere man liked
that feeling of hominess. Her griddlecakes done to a goldenbrown hue and
queen Ann’s pudding of delightful creaminess had won golden opinions
from all because she had a lucky hand also for lighting a fire, dredge
in the fine selfraising flour and always stir in the same direction,
then cream the milk and sugar and whisk well the white of eggs though
she didn’t like the eating part when there were any people that made her
shy and often she wondered why you couldn’t eat something poetical like
violets or roses and they would have a beautifully appointed drawingroom
with pictures and engravings and the photograph of grandpapa Giltrap’s
lovely dog Garryowen that almost talked it was so human and chintz
covers for the chairs and that silver toastrack in Clery’s summer jumble
sales like they have in rich houses. He would be tall with broad
shoulders (she had always admired tall men for a husband) with
glistening white teeth under his carefully trimmed sweeping moustache
and they would go on the continent for their honeymoon (three wonderful
weeks!) and then, when they settled down in a nice snug and cosy little
homely house, every morning they would both have brekky, simple but
perfectly served, for their own two selves and before he went out to
business he would give his dear little wifey a good hearty hug and gaze
for a moment deep down into her eyes.</p>
<p>Edy Boardman asked Tommy Caffrey was he done and he said yes so then
she buttoned up his little knickerbockers for him and told him to run
off and play with Jacky and to be good now and not to fight. But Tommy
said he wanted the ball and Edy told him no that baby was playing with
the ball and if he took it there’d be wigs on the green but Tommy said
it was his ball and he wanted his ball and he pranced on the ground, if
you please. The temper of him! O, he was a man already was little Tommy
Caffrey since he was out of pinnies. Edy told him no, no and to be off
now with him and she told Cissy Caffrey not to give in to him.</p>
<p>—You’re not my sister, naughty Tommy said. It’s my ball.</p>
<p>But Cissy Caffrey told baby Boardman to look up, look up high at her
finger and she snatched the ball quickly and threw it along the sand and
Tommy after it in full career, having won the day.</p>
<p>—Anything for a quiet life, laughed Ciss.</p>
<p>And she tickled tiny tot’s two cheeks to make him forget and played
here’s the lord mayor, here’s his two horses, here’s his gingerbread
carriage and here he walks in, chinchopper, chinchopper, chinchopper
chin. But Edy got as cross as two sticks about him getting his own way
like that from everyone always petting him.</p>
<p>—I’d like to give him something, she said, so I would, where I won’t
say.</p>
<p>—On the beeoteetom, laughed Cissy merrily.</p>
<p>Gerty MacDowell bent down her head and crimsoned at the idea of Cissy
saying an unladylike thing like that out loud she’d be ashamed of her
life to say, flushing a deep rosy red, and Edy Boardman said she was
sure the gentleman opposite heard what she said. But not a pin cared
Ciss.</p>
<p>—Let him! she said with a pert toss of her head and a piquant tilt of
her nose. Give it to him too on the same place as quick as I’d look at
him.</p>
<p>Madcap Ciss with her golliwog curls. You had to laugh at her
sometimes. For instance when she asked you would you have some more
Chinese tea and jaspberry ram and when she drew the jugs too and the
men’s faces on her nails with red ink make you split your sides or when
she wanted to go where you know she said she wanted to run and pay a
visit to the Miss White. That was just like Cissycums. O, and will you
ever forget her the evening she dressed up in her father’s suit and hat
and the burned cork moustache and walked down Tritonville road, smoking
a cigarette. There was none to come up to her for fun. But she was
sincerity itself, one of the bravest and truest hearts heaven ever made,
not one of your twofaced things, too sweet to be wholesome.</p>
<p>And then there came out upon the air the sound of voices and the
pealing anthem of the organ. It was the men’s temperance retreat
conducted by the missioner, the reverend John Hughes S. J., rosary,
sermon and benediction of the Most Blessed Sacrament. They were there
gathered together without distinction of social class (and a most
edifying spectacle it was to see) in that simple fane beside the waves,
after the storms of this weary world, kneeling before the feet of the
immaculate, reciting the litany of Our Lady of Loreto, beseeching her to
intercede for them, the old familiar words, holy Mary, holy virgin of
virgins. How sad to poor Gerty’s ears! Had her father only avoided the
clutches of the demon drink, by taking the pledge or those powders the
drink habit cured in Pearson’s Weekly, she might now be rolling in her
carriage, second to none. Over and over had she told herself that as she
mused by the dying embers in a brown study without the lamp because she
hated two lights or oftentimes gazing out of the window dreamily by the
hour at the rain falling on the rusty bucket, thinking. But that vile
decoction which has ruined so many hearths and homes had cast its shadow
over her childhood days. Nay, she had even witnessed in the home circle
deeds of violence caused by intemperance and had seen her own father, a
prey to the fumes of intoxication, forget himself completely for if
there was one thing of all things that Gerty knew it was that the man
who lifts his hand to a woman save in the way of kindness, deserves to
be branded as the lowest of the low.</p>
<p>And still the voices sang in supplication to the Virgin most
powerful, Virgin most merciful. And Gerty, rapt in thought, scarce saw
or heard her companions or the twins at their boyish gambols or the
gentleman off Sandymount green that Cissy Caffrey called the man that
was so like himself passing along the strand taking a short walk. You
never saw him any way screwed but still and for all that she would not
like him for a father because he was too old or something or on account
of his face (it was a palpable case of Doctor Fell) or his carbuncly
nose with the pimples on it and his sandy moustache a bit white under
his nose. Poor father! With all his faults she loved him still when he
sang <em>Tell me, Mary, how to woo thee</em> or <em>My love and cottage
near Rochelle</em> and they had stewed cockles and lettuce with
Lazenby’s salad dressing for supper and when he sang <em>The moon hath
raised</em> with Mr Dignam that died suddenly and was buried, God have
mercy on him, from a stroke. Her mother’s birthday that was and Charley
was home on his holidays and Tom and Mr Dignam and Mrs and Patsy and
Freddy Dignam and they were to have had a group taken. No-one would have
thought the end was so near. Now he was laid to rest. And her mother
said to him to let that be a warning to him for the rest of his days and
he couldn’t even go to the funeral on account of the gout and she had to
go into town to bring him the letters and samples from his office about
Catesby’s cork lino, artistic, standard designs, fit for a palace, gives
tiptop wear and always bright and cheery in the home.</p>
<p>A sterling good daughter was Gerty just like a second mother in the
house, a ministering angel too with a little heart worth its weight in
gold. And when her mother had those raging splitting headaches who was
it rubbed the menthol cone on her forehead but Gerty though she didn’t
like her mother’s taking pinches of snuff and that was the only single
thing they ever had words about, taking snuff. Everyone thought the
world of her for her gentle ways. It was Gerty who turned off the gas at
the main every night and it was Gerty who tacked up on the wall of that
place where she never forgot every fortnight the chlorate of lime Mr
Tunney the grocer’s christmas almanac, the picture of halcyon days where
a young gentleman in the costume they used to wear then with a
threecornered hat was offering a bunch of flowers to his ladylove with
oldtime chivalry through her lattice window. You could see there was a
story behind it. The colours were done something lovely. She was in a
soft clinging white in a studied attitude and the gentleman was in
chocolate and he looked a thorough aristocrat. She often looked at them
dreamily when she went there for a certain purpose and felt her own arms
that were white and soft just like hers with the sleeves back and
thought about those times because she had found out in Walker’s
pronouncing dictionary that belonged to grandpapa Giltrap about the
halcyon days what they meant.</p>
<p>The twins were now playing in the most approved brotherly fashion
till at last Master Jacky who was really as bold as brass there was no
getting behind that deliberately kicked the ball as hard as ever he
could down towards the seaweedy rocks. Needless to say poor Tommy was
not slow to voice his dismay but luckily the gentleman in black who was
sitting there by himself came gallantly to the rescue and intercepted
the ball. Our two champions claimed their plaything with lusty cries and
to avoid trouble Cissy Caffrey called to the gentleman to throw it to
her please. The gentleman aimed the ball once or twice and then threw it
up the strand towards Cissy Caffrey but it rolled down the slope and
stopped right under Gerty’s skirt near the little pool by the rock. The
twins clamoured again for it and Cissy told her to kick it away and let
them fight for it so Gerty drew back her foot but she wished their
stupid ball hadn’t come rolling down to her and she gave a kick but she
missed and Edy and Cissy laughed.</p>
<p>—If you fail try again, Edy Boardman said.</p>
<p>Gerty smiled assent and bit her lip. A delicate pink crept into her
pretty cheek but she was determined to let them see so she just lifted
her skirt a little but just enough and took good aim and gave the ball a
jolly good kick and it went ever so far and the two twins after it down
towards the shingle. Pure jealousy of course it was nothing else to draw
attention on account of the gentleman opposite looking. She felt the
warm flush, a danger signal always with Gerty MacDowell, surging and
flaming into her cheeks. Till then they had only exchanged glances of
the most casual but now under the brim of her new hat she ventured a
look at him and the face that met her gaze there in the twilight, wan
and strangely drawn, seemed to her the saddest she had ever seen.</p>
<p>Through the open window of the church the fragrant incense was wafted
and with it the fragrant names of her who was conceived without stain of
original sin, spiritual vessel, pray for us, honourable vessel, pray for
us, vessel of singular devotion, pray for us, mystical rose. And
careworn hearts were there and toilers for their daily bread and many
who had erred and wandered, their eyes wet with contrition but for all
that bright with hope for the reverend father Father Hughes had told
them what the great saint Bernard said in his famous prayer of Mary, the
most pious Virgin’s intercessory power that it was not recorded in any
age that those who implored her powerful protection were ever abandoned
by her.</p>
<p>The twins were now playing again right merrily for the troubles of
childhood are but as fleeting summer showers. Cissy Caffrey played with
baby Boardman till he crowed with glee, clapping baby hands in air. Peep
she cried behind the hood of the pushcar and Edy asked where was Cissy
gone and then Cissy popped up her head and cried ah! and, my word,
didn’t the little chap enjoy that! And then she told him to say
papa.</p>
<p>—Say papa, baby. Say pa pa pa pa pa pa pa.</p>
<p>And baby did his level best to say it for he was very intelligent for
eleven months everyone said and big for his age and the picture of
health, a perfect little bunch of love, and he would certainly turn out
to be something great, they said.</p>
<p>—Haja ja ja haja.</p>
<p>Cissy wiped his little mouth with the dribbling bib and wanted him to
sit up properly and say pa pa pa but when she undid the strap she cried
out, holy saint Denis, that he was possing wet and to double the half
blanket the other way under him. Of course his infant majesty was most
obstreperous at such toilet formalities and he let everyone know it:</p>
<p>—Habaa baaaahabaaa baaaa.</p>
<p>And two great big lovely big tears coursing down his cheeks. It was
all no use soothering him with no, nono, baby, no and telling him about
the geegee and where was the puffpuff but Ciss, always readywitted, gave
him in his mouth the teat of the suckingbottle and the young heathen was
quickly appeased.</p>
<p>Gerty wished to goodness they would take their squalling baby home
out of that and not get on her nerves, no hour to be out, and the little
brats of twins. She gazed out towards the distant sea. It was like the
paintings that man used to do on the pavement with all the coloured
chalks and such a pity too leaving them there to be all blotted out, the
evening and the clouds coming out and the Bailey light on Howth and to
hear the music like that and the perfume of those incense they burned in
the church like a kind of waft. And while she gazed her heart went
pitapat. Yes, it was her he was looking at, and there was meaning in his
look. His eyes burned into her as though they would search her through
and through, read her very soul. Wonderful eyes they were, superbly
expressive, but could you trust them? People were so queer. She could
see at once by his dark eyes and his pale intellectual face that he was
a foreigner, the image of the photo she had of Martin Harvey, the
matinee idol, only for the moustache which she preferred because she
wasn’t stagestruck like Winny Rippingham that wanted they two to always
dress the same on account of a play but she could not see whether he had
an aquiline nose or a slightly <em>retroussé</em> from where he was
sitting. He was in deep mourning, she could see that, and the story of a
haunting sorrow was written on his face. She would have given worlds to
know what it was. He was looking up so intently, so still, and he saw
her kick the ball and perhaps he could see the bright steel buckles of
her shoes if she swung them like that thoughtfully with the toes down.
She was glad that something told her to put on the transparent stockings
thinking Reggy Wylie might be out but that was far away. Here was that
of which she had so often dreamed. It was he who mattered and there was
joy on her face because she wanted him because she felt instinctively
that he was like no-one else. The very heart of the girlwoman went out
to him, her dreamhusband, because she knew on the instant it was him. If
he had suffered, more sinned against than sinning, or even, even, if he
had been himself a sinner, a wicked man, she cared not. Even if he was a
protestant or methodist she could convert him easily if he truly loved
her. There were wounds that wanted healing with heartbalm. She was a
womanly woman not like other flighty girls unfeminine he had known,
those cyclists showing off what they hadn’t got and she just yearned to
know all, to forgive all if she could make him fall in love with her,
make him forget the memory of the past. Then mayhap he would embrace her
gently, like a real man, crushing her soft body to him, and love her,
his ownest girlie, for herself alone.</p>
<p>Refuge of sinners. Comfortress of the afflicted. <em>Ora pro
nobis</em>. Well has it been said that whosoever prays to her with faith
and constancy can never be lost or cast away: and fitly is she too a
haven of refuge for the afflicted because of the seven dolours which
transpierced her own heart. Gerty could picture the whole scene in the
church, the stained glass windows lighted up, the candles, the flowers
and the blue banners of the blessed Virgin’s sodality and Father Conroy
was helping Canon O’Hanlon at the altar, carrying things in and out with
his eyes cast down. He looked almost a saint and his confessionbox was
so quiet and clean and dark and his hands were just like white wax and
if ever she became a Dominican nun in their white habit perhaps he might
come to the convent for the novena of Saint Dominic. He told her that
time when she told him about that in confession, crimsoning up to the
roots of her hair for fear he could see, not to be troubled because that
was only the voice of nature and we were all subject to nature’s laws,
he said, in this life and that that was no sin because that came from
the nature of woman instituted by God, he said, and that Our Blessed
Lady herself said to the archangel Gabriel be it done unto me according
to Thy Word. He was so kind and holy and often and often she thought and
thought could she work a ruched teacosy with embroidered floral design
for him as a present or a clock but they had a clock she noticed on the
mantelpiece white and gold with a canarybird that came out of a little
house to tell the time the day she went there about the flowers for the
forty hours’ adoration because it was hard to know what sort of a
present to give or perhaps an album of illuminated views of Dublin or
some place.</p>
<p>The exasperating little brats of twins began to quarrel again and
Jacky threw the ball out towards the sea and they both ran after it.
Little monkeys common as ditchwater. Someone ought to take them and give
them a good hiding for themselves to keep them in their places, the both
of them. And Cissy and Edy shouted after them to come back because they
were afraid the tide might come in on them and be drowned.</p>
<p>—Jacky! Tommy!</p>
<p>Not they! What a great notion they had! So Cissy said it was the very
last time she’d ever bring them out. She jumped up and called them and
she ran down the slope past him, tossing her hair behind her which had a
good enough colour if there had been more of it but with all the
thingamerry she was always rubbing into it she couldn’t get it to grow
long because it wasn’t natural so she could just go and throw her hat at
it. She ran with long gandery strides it was a wonder she didn’t rip up
her skirt at the side that was too tight on her because there was a lot
of the tomboy about Cissy Caffrey and she was a forward piece whenever
she thought she had a good opportunity to show off and just because she
was a good runner she ran like that so that he could see all the end of
her petticoat running and her skinny shanks up as far as possible. It
would have served her just right if she had tripped up over something
accidentally on purpose with her high crooked French heels on her to
make her look tall and got a fine tumble. <em>Tableau!</em> That would
have been a very charming exposé for a gentleman like that to
witness.</p>
<p>Queen of angels, queen of patriarchs, queen of prophets, of all
saints, they prayed, queen of the most holy rosary and then Father
Conroy handed the thurible to Canon O’Hanlon and he put in the incense
and censed the Blessed Sacrament and Cissy Caffrey caught the two twins
and she was itching to give them a ringing good clip on the ear but she
didn’t because she thought he might be watching but she never made a
bigger mistake in all her life because Gerty could see without looking
that he never took his eyes off of her and then Canon O’Hanlon handed
the thurible back to Father Conroy and knelt down looking up at the
Blessed Sacrament and the choir began to sing the <em>Tantum ergo</em>
and she just swung her foot in and out in time as the music rose and
fell to the <em>Tantumer gosa cramen tum</em>. Three and eleven she paid
for those stockings in Sparrow’s of George’s street on the Tuesday, no
the Monday before Easter and there wasn’t a brack on them and that was
what he was looking at, transparent, and not at her insignificant ones
that had neither shape nor form (the cheek of her!) because he had eyes
in his head to see the difference for himself.</p>
<p>Cissy came up along the strand with the two twins and their ball with
her hat anyhow on her to one side after her run and she did look a
streel tugging the two kids along with the flimsy blouse she bought only
a fortnight before like a rag on her back and a bit of her petticoat
hanging like a caricature. Gerty just took off her hat for a moment to
settle her hair and a prettier, a daintier head of nutbrown tresses was
never seen on a girl’s shoulders—a radiant little vision, in sooth,
almost maddening in its sweetness. You would have to travel many a long
mile before you found a head of hair the like of that. She could almost
see the swift answering flash of admiration in his eyes that set her
tingling in every nerve. She put on her hat so that she could see from
underneath the brim and swung her buckled shoe faster for her breath
caught as she caught the expression in his eyes. He was eying her as a
snake eyes its prey. Her woman’s instinct told her that she had raised
the devil in him and at the thought a burning scarlet swept from throat
to brow till the lovely colour of her face became a glorious rose.</p>
<p>Edy Boardman was noticing it too because she was squinting at Gerty,
half smiling, with her specs like an old maid, pretending to nurse the
baby. Irritable little gnat she was and always would be and that was why
no-one could get on with her poking her nose into what was no concern of
hers. And she said to Gerty:</p>
<p>—A penny for your thoughts.</p>
<p>—What? replied Gerty with a smile reinforced by the whitest of teeth.
I was only wondering was it late.</p>
<p>Because she wished to goodness they’d take the snottynosed twins and
their babby home to the mischief out of that so that was why she just
gave a gentle hint about its being late. And when Cissy came up Edy
asked her the time and Miss Cissy, as glib as you like, said it was half
past kissing time, time to kiss again. But Edy wanted to know because
they were told to be in early.</p>
<p>—Wait, said Cissy, I’ll run ask my uncle Peter over there what’s the
time by his conundrum.</p>
<p>So over she went and when he saw her coming she could see him take
his hand out of his pocket, getting nervous, and beginning to play with
his watchchain, looking up at the church. Passionate nature though he
was Gerty could see that he had enormous control over himself. One
moment he had been there, fascinated by a loveliness that made him gaze,
and the next moment it was the quiet gravefaced gentleman, selfcontrol
expressed in every line of his distinguishedlooking figure.</p>
<p>Cissy said to excuse her would he mind please telling her what was
the right time and Gerty could see him taking out his watch, listening
to it and looking up and clearing his throat and he said he was very
sorry his watch was stopped but he thought it must be after eight
because the sun was set. His voice had a cultured ring in it and though
he spoke in measured accents there was a suspicion of a quiver in the
mellow tones. Cissy said thanks and came back with her tongue out and
said uncle said his waterworks were out of order.</p>
<p>Then they sang the second verse of the <em>Tantum ergo</em> and Canon
O’Hanlon got up again and censed the Blessed Sacrament and knelt down
and he told Father Conroy that one of the candles was just going to set
fire to the flowers and Father Conroy got up and settled it all right
and she could see the gentleman winding his watch and listening to the
works and she swung her leg more in and out in time. It was getting
darker but he could see and he was looking all the time that he was
winding the watch or whatever he was doing to it and then he put it back
and put his hands back into his pockets. She felt a kind of a sensation
rushing all over her and she knew by the feel of her scalp and that
irritation against her stays that that thing must be coming on because
the last time too was when she clipped her hair on account of the moon.
His dark eyes fixed themselves on her again drinking in her every
contour, literally worshipping at her shrine. If ever there was
undisguised admiration in a man’s passionate gaze it was there plain to
be seen on that man’s face. It is for you, Gertrude MacDowell, and you
know it.</p>
<p>Edy began to get ready to go and it was high time for her and Gerty
noticed that that little hint she gave had had the desired effect
because it was a long way along the strand to where there was the place
to push up the pushcar and Cissy took off the twins’ caps and tidied
their hair to make herself attractive of course and Canon O’Hanlon stood
up with his cope poking up at his neck and Father Conroy handed him the
card to read off and he read out <em>Panem de coelo praestitisti
eis</em> and Edy and Cissy were talking about the time all the time and
asking her but Gerty could pay them back in their own coin and she just
answered with scathing politeness when Edy asked her was she heartbroken
about her best boy throwing her over. Gerty winced sharply. A brief cold
blaze shone from her eyes that spoke volumes of scorn immeasurable. It
hurt—O yes, it cut deep because Edy had her own quiet way of saying
things like that she knew would wound like the confounded little cat she
was. Gerty’s lips parted swiftly to frame the word but she fought back
the sob that rose to her throat, so slim, so flawless, so beautifully
moulded it seemed one an artist might have dreamed of. She had loved him
better than he knew. Lighthearted deceiver and fickle like all his sex
he would never understand what he had meant to her and for an instant
there was in the blue eyes a quick stinging of tears. Their eyes were
probing her mercilessly but with a brave effort she sparkled back in
sympathy as she glanced at her new conquest for them to see.</p>
<p>—O, responded Gerty, quick as lightning, laughing, and the proud head
flashed up. I can throw my cap at who I like because it’s leap year.</p>
<p>Her words rang out crystalclear, more musical than the cooing of the
ringdove, but they cut the silence icily. There was that in her young
voice that told that she was not a one to be lightly trifled with. As
for Mr Reggy with his swank and his bit of money she could just chuck
him aside as if he was so much filth and never again would she cast as
much as a second thought on him and tear his silly postcard into a dozen
pieces. And if ever after he dared to presume she could give him one
look of measured scorn that would make him shrivel up on the spot. Miss
puny little Edy’s countenance fell to no slight extent and Gerty could
see by her looking as black as thunder that she was simply in a towering
rage though she hid it, the little kinnatt, because that shaft had
struck home for her petty jealousy and they both knew that she was
something aloof, apart, in another sphere, that she was not of them and
never would be and there was somebody else too that knew it and saw it
so they could put that in their pipe and smoke it.</p>
<p>Edy straightened up baby Boardman to get ready to go and Cissy tucked
in the ball and the spades and buckets and it was high time too because
the sandman was on his way for Master Boardman junior. And Cissy told
him too that billy winks was coming and that baby was to go deedaw and
baby looked just too ducky, laughing up out of his gleeful eyes, and
Cissy poked him like that out of fun in his wee fat tummy and baby,
without as much as by your leave, sent up his compliments to all and
sundry on to his brandnew dribbling bib.</p>
<p>—O my! Puddeny pie! protested Ciss. He has his bib destroyed.</p>
<p>The slight <em>contretemps</em> claimed her attention but in two twos
she set that little matter to rights.</p>
<p>Gerty stifled a smothered exclamation and gave a nervous cough and
Edy asked what and she was just going to tell her to catch it while it
was flying but she was ever ladylike in her deportment so she simply
passed it off with consummate tact by saying that that was the
benediction because just then the bell rang out from the steeple over
the quiet seashore because Canon O’Hanlon was up on the altar with the
veil that Father Conroy put round his shoulders giving the benediction
with the Blessed Sacrament in his hands.</p>
<p>How moving the scene there in the gathering twilight, the last
glimpse of Erin, the touching chime of those evening bells and at the
same time a bat flew forth from the ivied belfry through the dusk,
hither, thither, with a tiny lost cry. And she could see far away the
lights of the lighthouses so picturesque she would have loved to do with
a box of paints because it was easier than to make a man and soon the
lamplighter would be going his rounds past the presbyterian church
grounds and along by shady Tritonville avenue where the couples walked
and lighting the lamp near her window where Reggy Wylie used to turn his
freewheel like she read in that book <em>The Lamplighter</em> by Miss
Cummins, author of <em>Mabel Vaughan</em> and other tales. For Gerty had
her dreams that no-one knew of. She loved to read poetry and when she
got a keepsake from Bertha Supple of that lovely confession album with
the coralpink cover to write her thoughts in she laid it in the drawer
of her toilettable which, though it did not err on the side of luxury,
was scrupulously neat and clean. It was there she kept her girlish
treasure trove, the tortoiseshell combs, her child of Mary badge, the
whiterose scent, the eyebrowleine, her alabaster pouncetbox and the
ribbons to change when her things came home from the wash and there were
some beautiful thoughts written in it in violet ink that she bought in
Hely’s of Dame Street for she felt that she too could write poetry if
she could only express herself like that poem that appealed to her so
deeply that she had copied out of the newspaper she found one evening
round the potherbs. <em>Art thou real, my ideal?</em> it was called by
Louis J Walsh, Magherafelt, and after there was something about
<em>twilight, wilt thou ever?</em> and ofttimes the beauty of poetry, so
sad in its transient loveliness, had misted her eyes with silent tears
for she felt that the years were slipping by for her, one by one, and
but for that one shortcoming she knew she need fear no competition and
that was an accident coming down Dalkey hill and she always tried to
conceal it. But it must end, she felt. If she saw that magic lure in his
eyes there would be no holding back for her. Love laughs at locksmiths.
She would make the great sacrifice. Her every effort would be to share
his thoughts. Dearer than the whole world would she be to him and gild
his days with happiness. There was the allimportant question and she was
dying to know was he a married man or a widower who had lost his wife or
some tragedy like the nobleman with the foreign name from the land of
song had to have her put into a madhouse, cruel only to be kind. But
even if—what then? Would it make a very great difference? From
everything in the least indelicate her finebred nature instinctively
recoiled. She loathed that sort of person, the fallen women off the
accommodation walk beside the Dodder that went with the soldiers and
coarse men with no respect for a girl’s honour, degrading the sex and
being taken up to the police station. No, no: not that. They would be
just good friends like a big brother and sister without all that other
in spite of the conventions of Society with a big ess. Perhaps it was an
old flame he was in mourning for from the days beyond recall. She
thought she understood. She would try to understand him because men were
so different. The old love was waiting, waiting with little white hands
stretched out, with blue appealing eyes. Heart of mine! She would
follow, her dream of love, the dictates of her heart that told her he
was her all in all, the only man in all the world for her for love was
the master guide. Nothing else mattered. Come what might she would be
wild, untrammelled, free.</p>
<p>Canon O’Hanlon put the Blessed Sacrament back into the tabernacle and
genuflected and the choir sang <em>Laudate Dominum omnes gentes</em> and
then he locked the tabernacle door because the benediction was over and
Father Conroy handed him his hat to put on and crosscat Edy asked wasn’t
she coming but Jacky Caffrey called out:</p>
<p>—O, look, Cissy!</p>
<p>And they all looked was it sheet lightning but Tommy saw it too over
the trees beside the church, blue and then green and purple.</p>
<p>—It’s fireworks, Cissy Caffrey said.</p>
<p>And they all ran down the strand to see over the houses and the
church, helterskelter, Edy with the pushcar with baby Boardman in it and
Cissy holding Tommy and Jacky by the hand so they wouldn’t fall
running.</p>
<p>—Come on, Gerty, Cissy called. It’s the bazaar fireworks.</p>
<p>But Gerty was adamant. She had no intention of being at their beck
and call. If they could run like rossies she could sit so she said she
could see from where she was. The eyes that were fastened upon her set
her pulses tingling. She looked at him a moment, meeting his glance, and
a light broke in upon her. Whitehot passion was in that face, passion
silent as the grave, and it had made her his. At last they were left
alone without the others to pry and pass remarks and she knew he could
be trusted to the death, steadfast, a sterling man, a man of inflexible
honour to his fingertips. His hands and face were working and a tremour
went over her. She leaned back far to look up where the fireworks were
and she caught her knee in her hands so as not to fall back looking up
and there was no-one to see only him and her when she revealed all her
graceful beautifully shaped legs like that, supply soft and delicately
rounded, and she seemed to hear the panting of his heart, his hoarse
breathing, because she knew too about the passion of men like that,
hotblooded, because Bertha Supple told her once in dead secret and made
her swear she’d never about the gentleman lodger that was staying with
them out of the Congested Districts Board that had pictures cut out of
papers of those skirtdancers and highkickers and she said he used to do
something not very nice that you could imagine sometimes in the bed. But
this was altogether different from a thing like that because there was
all the difference because she could almost feel him draw her face to
his and the first quick hot touch of his handsome lips. Besides there
was absolution so long as you didn’t do the other thing before being
married and there ought to be women priests that would understand
without your telling out and Cissy Caffrey too sometimes had that dreamy
kind of dreamy look in her eyes so that she too, my dear, and Winny
Rippingham so mad about actors’ photographs and besides it was on
account of that other thing coming on the way it did.</p>
<p>And Jacky Caffrey shouted to look, there was another and she leaned
back and the garters were blue to match on account of the transparent
and they all saw it and they all shouted to look, look, there it was and
she leaned back ever so far to see the fireworks and something queer was
flying through the air, a soft thing, to and fro, dark. And she saw a
long Roman candle going up over the trees, up, up, and, in the tense
hush, they were all breathless with excitement as it went higher and
higher and she had to lean back more and more to look up after it, high,
high, almost out of sight, and her face was suffused with a divine, an
entrancing blush from straining back and he could see her other things
too, nainsook knickers, the fabric that caresses the skin, better than
those other pettiwidth, the green, four and eleven, on account of being
white and she let him and she saw that he saw and then it went so high
it went out of sight a moment and she was trembling in every limb from
being bent so far back that he had a full view high up above her knee
where no-one ever not even on the swing or wading and she wasn’t ashamed
and he wasn’t either to look in that immodest way like that because he
couldn’t resist the sight of the wondrous revealment half offered like
those skirtdancers behaving so immodest before gentlemen looking and he
kept on looking, looking. She would fain have cried to him chokingly,
held out her snowy slender arms to him to come, to feel his lips laid on
her white brow, the cry of a young girl’s love, a little strangled cry,
wrung from her, that cry that has rung through the ages. And then a
rocket sprang and bang shot blind blank and O! then the Roman candle
burst and it was like a sigh of O! and everyone cried O! O! in raptures
and it gushed out of it a stream of rain gold hair threads and they shed
and ah! they were all greeny dewy stars falling with golden, O so
lovely, O, soft, sweet, soft!</p>
<p>Then all melted away dewily in the grey air: all was silent. Ah! She
glanced at him as she bent forward quickly, a pathetic little glance of
piteous protest, of shy reproach under which he coloured like a girl. He
was leaning back against the rock behind. Leopold Bloom (for it is he)
stands silent, with bowed head before those young guileless eyes. What a
brute he had been! At it again? A fair unsullied soul had called to him
and, wretch that he was, how had he answered? An utter cad he had been!
He of all men! But there was an infinite store of mercy in those eyes,
for him too a word of pardon even though he had erred and sinned and
wandered. Should a girl tell? No, a thousand times no. That was their
secret, only theirs, alone in the hiding twilight and there was none to
know or tell save the little bat that flew so softly through the evening
to and fro and little bats don’t tell.</p>
<p>Cissy Caffrey whistled, imitating the boys in the football field to
show what a great person she was: and then she cried:</p>
<p>—Gerty! Gerty! We’re going. Come on. We can see from farther up.</p>
<p>Gerty had an idea, one of love’s little ruses. She slipped a hand
into her kerchief pocket and took out the wadding and waved in reply of
course without letting him and then slipped it back. Wonder if he’s too
far to. She rose. Was it goodbye? No. She had to go but they would meet
again, there, and she would dream of that till then, tomorrow, of her
dream of yester eve. She drew herself up to her full height. Their souls
met in a last lingering glance and the eyes that reached her heart, full
of a strange shining, hung enraptured on her sweet flowerlike face. She
half smiled at him wanly, a sweet forgiving smile, a smile that verged
on tears, and then they parted.</p>
<p>Slowly, without looking back she went down the uneven strand to
Cissy, to Edy to Jacky and Tommy Caffrey, to little baby Boardman. It
was darker now and there were stones and bits of wood on the strand and
slippy seaweed. She walked with a certain quiet dignity characteristic
of her but with care and very slowly because—because Gerty MacDowell
was...</p>
<p>Tight boots? No. She’s lame! O!</p>
<p>Mr Bloom watched her as she limped away. Poor girl! That’s why she’s
left on the shelf and the others did a sprint. Thought something was
wrong by the cut of her jib. Jilted beauty. A defect is ten times worse
in a woman. But makes them polite. Glad I didn’t know it when she was on
show. Hot little devil all the same. I wouldn’t mind. Curiosity like a
nun or a negress or a girl with glasses. That squinty one is delicate.
Near her monthlies, I expect, makes them feel ticklish. I have such a
bad headache today. Where did I put the letter? Yes, all right. All
kinds of crazy longings. Licking pennies. Girl in Tranquilla convent
that nun told me liked to smell rock oil. Virgins go mad in the end I
suppose. Sister? How many women in Dublin have it today? Martha, she.
Something in the air. That’s the moon. But then why don’t all women
menstruate at the same time with the same moon, I mean? Depends on the
time they were born I suppose. Or all start scratch then get out of
step. Sometimes Molly and Milly together. Anyhow I got the best of that.
Damned glad I didn’t do it in the bath this morning over her silly I
will punish you letter. Made up for that tramdriver this morning. That
gouger M’Coy stopping me to say nothing. And his wife engagement in the
country valise, voice like a pickaxe. Thankful for small mercies. Cheap
too. Yours for the asking. Because they want it themselves. Their
natural craving. Shoals of them every evening poured out of offices.
Reserve better. Don’t want it they throw it at you. Catch em alive, O.
Pity they can’t see themselves. A dream of wellfilled hose. Where was
that? Ah, yes. Mutoscope pictures in Capel street: for men only. Peeping
Tom. Willy’s hat and what the girls did with it. Do they snapshot those
girls or is it all a fake? <em>Lingerie</em> does it. Felt for the
curves inside her <em>déshabillé.</em> Excites them also when they’re.
I’m all clean come and dirty me. And they like dressing one another for
the sacrifice. Milly delighted with Molly’s new blouse. At first. Put
them all on to take them all off. Molly. Why I bought her the violet
garters. Us too: the tie he wore, his lovely socks and turnedup
trousers. He wore a pair of gaiters the night that first we met. His
lovely shirt was shining beneath his what? of jet. Say a woman loses a
charm with every pin she takes out. Pinned together. O, Mairy lost the
pin of her. Dressed up to the nines for somebody. Fashion part of their
charm. Just changes when you’re on the track of the secret. Except the
east: Mary, Martha: now as then. No reasonable offer refused. She wasn’t
in a hurry either. Always off to a fellow when they are. They never
forget an appointment. Out on spec probably. They believe in chance
because like themselves. And the others inclined to give her an odd dig.
Girl friends at school, arms round each other’s necks or with ten
fingers locked, kissing and whispering secrets about nothing in the
convent garden. Nuns with whitewashed faces, cool coifs and their
rosaries going up and down, vindictive too for what they can’t get.
Barbed wire. Be sure now and write to me. And I’ll write to you. Now
won’t you? Molly and Josie Powell. Till Mr Right comes along, then meet
once in a blue moon. <em>Tableau!</em> O, look who it is for the love of
God! How are you at all? What have you been doing with yourself? Kiss
and delighted to, kiss, to see you. Picking holes in each other’s
appearance. You’re looking splendid. Sister souls. Showing their teeth
at one another. How many have you left? Wouldn’t lend each other a pinch
of salt.</p>
<p>Ah!</p>
<p>Devils they are when that’s coming on them. Dark devilish appearance.
Molly often told me feel things a ton weight. Scratch the sole of my
foot. O that way! O, that’s exquisite! Feel it myself too. Good to rest
once in a way. Wonder if it’s bad to go with them then. Safe in one way.
Turns milk, makes fiddlestrings snap. Something about withering plants I
read in a garden. Besides they say if the flower withers she wears she’s
a flirt. All are. Daresay she felt I. When you feel like that you often
meet what you feel. Liked me or what? Dress they look at. Always know a
fellow courting: collars and cuffs. Well cocks and lions do the same and
stags. Same time might prefer a tie undone or something. Trousers?
Suppose I when I was? No. Gently does it. Dislike rough and tumble. Kiss
in the dark and never tell. Saw something in me. Wonder what. Sooner
have me as I am than some poet chap with bearsgrease plastery hair,
lovelock over his dexter optic. To aid gentleman in literary. Ought to
attend to my appearance my age. Didn’t let her see me in profile. Still,
you never know. Pretty girls and ugly men marrying. Beauty and the
beast. Besides I can’t be so if Molly. Took off her hat to show her
hair. Wide brim. Bought to hide her face, meeting someone might know
her, bend down or carry a bunch of flowers to smell. Hair strong in rut.
Ten bob I got for Molly’s combings when we were on the rocks in Holles
street. Why not? Suppose he gave her money. Why not? All a prejudice.
She’s worth ten, fifteen, more, a pound. What? I think so. All that for
nothing. Bold hand: Mrs Marion. Did I forget to write address on that
letter like the postcard I sent to Flynn? And the day I went to
Drimmie’s without a necktie. Wrangle with Molly it was put me off. No, I
remember. Richie Goulding: he’s another. Weighs on his mind. Funny my
watch stopped at half past four. Dust. Shark liver oil they use to
clean. Could do it myself. Save. Was that just when he, she?</p>
<p>O, he did. Into her. She did. Done.</p>
<p>Ah!</p>
<p>Mr Bloom with careful hand recomposed his wet shirt. O Lord, that
little limping devil. Begins to feel cold and clammy. Aftereffect not
pleasant. Still you have to get rid of it someway. They don’t care.
Complimented perhaps. Go home to nicey bread and milky and say night
prayers with the kiddies. Well, aren’t they? See her as she is spoil
all. Must have the stage setting, the rouge, costume, position, music.
The name too. <em>Amours</em> of actresses. Nell Gwynn, Mrs Bracegirdle,
Maud Branscombe. Curtain up. Moonlight silver effulgence. Maiden
discovered with pensive bosom. Little sweetheart come and kiss me.
Still, I feel. The strength it gives a man. That’s the secret of it.
Good job I let off there behind the wall coming out of Dignam’s. Cider
that was. Otherwise I couldn’t have. Makes you want to sing after.
<em>Lacaus esant taratara</em>. Suppose I spoke to her. What about? Bad
plan however if you don’t know how to end the conversation. Ask them a
question they ask you another. Good idea if you’re stuck. Gain time. But
then you’re in a cart. Wonderful of course if you say: good evening, and
you see she’s on for it: good evening. O but the dark evening in the
Appian way I nearly spoke to Mrs Clinch O thinking she was. Whew! Girl
in Meath street that night. All the dirty things I made her say. All
wrong of course. My arks she called it. It’s so hard to find one who.
Aho! If you don’t answer when they solicit must be horrible for them
till they harden. And kissed my hand when I gave her the extra two
shillings. Parrots. Press the button and the bird will squeak. Wish she
hadn’t called me sir. O, her mouth in the dark! And you a married man
with a single girl! That’s what they enjoy. Taking a man from another
woman. Or even hear of it. Different with me. Glad to get away from
other chap’s wife. Eating off his cold plate. Chap in the Burton today
spitting back gumchewed gristle. French letter still in my pocketbook.
Cause of half the trouble. But might happen sometime, I don’t think.
Come in, all is prepared. I dreamt. What? Worst is beginning. How they
change the venue when it’s not what they like. Ask you do you like
mushrooms because she once knew a gentleman who. Or ask you what someone
was going to say when he changed his mind and stopped. Yet if I went the
whole hog, say: I want to, something like that. Because I did. She too.
Offend her. Then make it up. Pretend to want something awfully, then cry
off for her sake. Flatters them. She must have been thinking of someone
else all the time. What harm? Must since she came to the use of reason,
he, he and he. First kiss does the trick. The propitious moment.
Something inside them goes pop. Mushy like, tell by their eye, on the
sly. First thoughts are best. Remember that till their dying day. Molly,
lieutenant Mulvey that kissed her under the Moorish wall beside the
gardens. Fifteen she told me. But her breasts were developed. Fell
asleep then. After Glencree dinner that was when we drove home.
Featherbed mountain. Gnashing her teeth in sleep. Lord mayor had his eye
on her too. Val Dillon. Apoplectic.</p>
<p>There she is with them down there for the fireworks. My fireworks. Up
like a rocket, down like a stick. And the children, twins they must be,
waiting for something to happen. Want to be grownups. Dressing in
mother’s clothes. Time enough, understand all the ways of the world. And
the dark one with the mop head and the nigger mouth. I knew she could
whistle. Mouth made for that. Like Molly. Why that highclass whore in
Jammet’s wore her veil only to her nose. Would you mind, please, telling
me the right time? I’ll tell you the right time up a dark lane. Say
prunes and prisms forty times every morning, cure for fat lips.
Caressing the little boy too. Onlookers see most of the game. Of course
they understand birds, animals, babies. In their line.</p>
<p>Didn’t look back when she was going down the strand. Wouldn’t give
that satisfaction. Those girls, those girls, those lovely seaside girls.
Fine eyes she had, clear. It’s the white of the eye brings that out not
so much the pupil. Did she know what I? Course. Like a cat sitting
beyond a dog’s jump. Women never meet one like that Wilkins in the high
school drawing a picture of Venus with all his belongings on show. Call
that innocence? Poor idiot! His wife has her work cut out for her. Never
see them sit on a bench marked <em>Wet Paint</em>. Eyes all over them.
Look under the bed for what’s not there. Longing to get the fright of
their lives. Sharp as needles they are. When I said to Molly the man at
the corner of Cuffe street was goodlooking, thought she might like,
twigged at once he had a false arm. Had, too. Where do they get that?
Typist going up Roger Greene’s stairs two at a time to show her
understandings. Handed down from father to, mother to daughter, I mean.
Bred in the bone. Milly for example drying her handkerchief on the
mirror to save the ironing. Best place for an ad to catch a woman’s eye
on a mirror. And when I sent her for Molly’s Paisley shawl to Prescott’s
by the way that ad I must, carrying home the change in her stocking!
Clever little minx. I never told her. Neat way she carries parcels too.
Attract men, small thing like that. Holding up her hand, shaking it, to
let the blood flow back when it was red. Who did you learn that from?
Nobody. Something the nurse taught me. O, don’t they know! Three years
old she was in front of Molly’s dressingtable, just before we left
Lombard street west. Me have a nice pace. Mullingar. Who knows? Ways of
the world. Young student. Straight on her pins anyway not like the
other. Still she was game. Lord, I am wet. Devil you are. Swell of her
calf. Transparent stockings, stretched to breaking point. Not like that
frump today. A. E. Rumpled stockings. Or the one in Grafton street.
White. Wow! Beef to the heel.</p>
<p>A monkey puzzle rocket burst, spluttering in darting crackles. Zrads
and zrads, zrads, zrads. And Cissy and Tommy and Jacky ran out to see
and Edy after with the pushcar and then Gerty beyond the curve of the
rocks. Will she? Watch! Watch! See! Looked round. She smelt an onion.
Darling, I saw, your. I saw all.</p>
<p>Lord!</p>
<p>Did me good all the same. Off colour after Kiernan’s, Dignam’s. For
this relief much thanks. In <em>Hamlet,</em> that is. Lord! It was all
things combined. Excitement. When she leaned back, felt an ache at the
butt of my tongue. Your head it simply swirls. He’s right. Might have
made a worse fool of myself however. Instead of talking about nothing.
Then I will tell you all. Still it was a kind of language between us. It
couldn’t be? No, Gerty they called her. Might be false name however like
my name and the address Dolphin’s barn a blind.</p>
<p>Her maiden name was Jemina Brown<br />
And she lived with her mother in Irishtown.</p>
<p>Place made me think of that I suppose. All tarred with the same
brush. Wiping pens in their stockings. But the ball rolled down to her
as if it understood. Every bullet has its billet. Course I never could
throw anything straight at school. Crooked as a ram’s horn. Sad however
because it lasts only a few years till they settle down to potwalloping
and papa’s pants will soon fit Willy and fuller’s earth for the baby
when they hold him out to do ah ah. No soft job. Saves them. Keeps them
out of harm’s way. Nature. Washing child, washing corpse. Dignam.
Children’s hands always round them. Cocoanut skulls, monkeys, not even
closed at first, sour milk in their swaddles and tainted curds. Oughtn’t
to have given that child an empty teat to suck. Fill it up with wind.
Mrs Beaufoy, Purefoy. Must call to the hospital. Wonder is nurse Callan
there still. She used to look over some nights when Molly was in the
Coffee Palace. That young doctor O’Hare I noticed her brushing his coat.
And Mrs Breen and Mrs Dignam once like that too, marriageable. Worst of
all at night Mrs Duggan told me in the City Arms. Husband rolling in
drunk, stink of pub off him like a polecat. Have that in your nose in
the dark, whiff of stale boose. Then ask in the morning: was I drunk
last night? Bad policy however to fault the husband. Chickens come home
to roost. They stick by one another like glue. Maybe the women’s fault
also. That’s where Molly can knock spots off them. It’s the blood of the
south. Moorish. Also the form, the figure. Hands felt for the opulent.
Just compare for instance those others. Wife locked up at home, skeleton
in the cupboard. Allow me to introduce my. Then they trot you out some
kind of a nondescript, wouldn’t know what to call her. Always see a
fellow’s weak point in his wife. Still there’s destiny in it, falling in
love. Have their own secrets between them. Chaps that would go to the
dogs if some woman didn’t take them in hand. Then little chits of girls,
height of a shilling in coppers, with little hubbies. As God made them
he matched them. Sometimes children turn out well enough. Twice nought
makes one. Or old rich chap of seventy and blushing bride. Marry in May
and repent in December. This wet is very unpleasant. Stuck. Well the
foreskin is not back. Better detach.</p>
<p>Ow!</p>
<p>Other hand a sixfooter with a wifey up to his watchpocket. Long and
the short of it. Big he and little she. Very strange about my watch.
Wristwatches are always going wrong. Wonder is there any magnetic
influence between the person because that was about the time he. Yes, I
suppose, at once. Cat’s away, the mice will play. I remember looking in
Pill lane. Also that now is magnetism. Back of everything magnetism.
Earth for instance pulling this and being pulled. That causes movement.
And time, well that’s the time the movement takes. Then if one thing
stopped the whole ghesabo would stop bit by bit. Because it’s all
arranged. Magnetic needle tells you what’s going on in the sun, the
stars. Little piece of steel iron. When you hold out the fork. Come.
Come. Tip. Woman and man that is. Fork and steel. Molly, he. Dress up
and look and suggest and let you see and see more and defy you if you’re
a man to see that and, like a sneeze coming, legs, look, look and if you
have any guts in you. Tip. Have to let fly.</p>
<p>Wonder how is she feeling in that region. Shame all put on before
third person. More put out about a hole in her stocking. Molly, her
underjaw stuck out, head back, about the farmer in the ridingboots and
spurs at the horse show. And when the painters were in Lombard street
west. Fine voice that fellow had. How Giuglini began. Smell that I did.
Like flowers. It was too. Violets. Came from the turpentine probably in
the paint. Make their own use of everything. Same time doing it scraped
her slipper on the floor so they wouldn’t hear. But lots of them can’t
kick the beam, I think. Keep that thing up for hours. Kind of a general
all round over me and half down my back.</p>
<p>Wait. Hm. Hm. Yes. That’s her perfume. Why she waved her hand. I
leave you this to think of me when I’m far away on the pillow. What is
it? Heliotrope? No. Hyacinth? Hm. Roses, I think. She’d like scent of
that kind. Sweet and cheap: soon sour. Why Molly likes opoponax. Suits
her, with a little jessamine mixed. Her high notes and her low notes. At
the dance night she met him, dance of the hours. Heat brought it out.
She was wearing her black and it had the perfume of the time before.
Good conductor, is it? Or bad? Light too. Suppose there’s some
connection. For instance if you go into a cellar where it’s dark.
Mysterious thing too. Why did I smell it only now? Took its time in
coming like herself, slow but sure. Suppose it’s ever so many millions
of tiny grains blown across. Yes, it is. Because those spice islands,
Cinghalese this morning, smell them leagues off. Tell you what it is.
It’s like a fine fine veil or web they have all over the skin, fine like
what do you call it gossamer, and they’re always spinning it out of
them, fine as anything, like rainbow colours without knowing it. Clings
to everything she takes off. Vamp of her stockings. Warm shoe. Stays.
Drawers: little kick, taking them off. Byby till next time. Also the cat
likes to sniff in her shift on the bed. Know her smell in a thousand.
Bathwater too. Reminds me of strawberries and cream. Wonder where it is
really. There or the armpits or under the neck. Because you get it out
of all holes and corners. Hyacinth perfume made of oil of ether or
something. Muskrat. Bag under their tails. One grain pour off odour for
years. Dogs at each other behind. Good evening. Evening. How do you
sniff? Hm. Hm. Very well, thank you. Animals go by that. Yes now, look
at it that way. We’re the same. Some women, instance, warn you off when
they have their period. Come near. Then get a hogo you could hang your
hat on. Like what? Potted herrings gone stale or. Boof! Please keep off
the grass.</p>
<p>Perhaps they get a man smell off us. What though? Cigary gloves long
John had on his desk the other day. Breath? What you eat and drink gives
that. No. Mansmell, I mean. Must be connected with that because priests
that are supposed to be are different. Women buzz round it like flies
round treacle. Railed off the altar get on to it at any cost. The tree
of forbidden priest. O, father, will you? Let me be the first to. That
diffuses itself all through the body, permeates. Source of life. And
it’s extremely curious the smell. Celery sauce. Let me.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom inserted his nose. Hm. Into the. Hm. Opening of his
waistcoat. Almonds or. No. Lemons it is. Ah no, that’s the soap.</p>
<p>O by the by that lotion. I knew there was something on my mind. Never
went back and the soap not paid. Dislike carrying bottles like that hag
this morning. Hynes might have paid me that three shillings. I could
mention Meagher’s just to remind him. Still if he works that paragraph.
Two and nine. Bad opinion of me he’ll have. Call tomorrow. How much do I
owe you? Three and nine? Two and nine, sir. Ah. Might stop him giving
credit another time. Lose your customers that way. Pubs do. Fellows run
up a bill on the slate and then slinking around the back streets into
somewhere else.</p>
<p>Here’s this nobleman passed before. Blown in from the bay. Just went
as far as turn back. Always at home at dinnertime. Looks mangled out:
had a good tuck in. Enjoying nature now. Grace after meals. After supper
walk a mile. Sure he has a small bank balance somewhere, government sit.
Walk after him now make him awkward like those newsboys me today. Still
you learn something. See ourselves as others see us. So long as women
don’t mock what matter? That’s the way to find out. Ask yourself who is
he now. <em>The Mystery Man on the Beach</em>, prize titbit story by Mr
Leopold Bloom. Payment at the rate of one guinea per column. And that
fellow today at the graveside in the brown macintosh. Corns on his
kismet however. Healthy perhaps absorb all the. Whistle brings rain they
say. Must be some somewhere. Salt in the Ormond damp. The body feels the
atmosphere. Old Betty’s joints are on the rack. Mother Shipton’s
prophecy that is about ships around they fly in the twinkling. No. Signs
of rain it is. The royal reader. And distant hills seem coming nigh.</p>
<p>Howth. Bailey light. Two, four, six, eight, nine. See. Has to change
or they might think it a house. Wreckers. Grace Darling. People afraid
of the dark. Also glowworms, cyclists: lightingup time. Jewels diamonds
flash better. Women. Light is a kind of reassuring. Not going to hurt
you. Better now of course than long ago. Country roads. Run you through
the small guts for nothing. Still two types there are you bob against.
Scowl or smile. Pardon! Not at all. Best time to spray plants too in the
shade after the sun. Some light still. Red rays are longest. Roygbiv
Vance taught us: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet. A
star I see. Venus? Can’t tell yet. Two. When three it’s night. Were
those nightclouds there all the time? Looks like a phantom ship. No.
Wait. Trees are they? An optical illusion. Mirage. Land of the setting
sun this. Homerule sun setting in the southeast. My native land,
goodnight.</p>
<p>Dew falling. Bad for you, dear, to sit on that stone. Brings on white
fluxions. Never have little baby then less he was big strong fight his
way up through. Might get piles myself. Sticks too like a summer cold,
sore on the mouth. Cut with grass or paper worst. Friction of the
position. Like to be that rock she sat on. O sweet little, you don’t
know how nice you looked. I begin to like them at that age. Green
apples. Grab at all that offer. Suppose it’s the only time we cross
legs, seated. Also the library today: those girl graduates. Happy chairs
under them. But it’s the evening influence. They feel all that. Open
like flowers, know their hours, sunflowers, Jerusalem artichokes, in
ballrooms, chandeliers, avenues under the lamps. Nightstock in Mat
Dillon’s garden where I kissed her shoulder. Wish I had a full length
oilpainting of her then. June that was too I wooed. The year returns.
History repeats itself. Ye crags and peaks I’m with you once again.
Life, love, voyage round your own little world. And now? Sad about her
lame of course but must be on your guard not to feel too much pity. They
take advantage.</p>
<p>All quiet on Howth now. The distant hills seem. Where we. The
rhododendrons. I am a fool perhaps. He gets the plums, and I the
plumstones. Where I come in. All that old hill has seen. Names change:
that’s all. Lovers: yum yum.</p>
<p>Tired I feel now. Will I get up? O wait. Drained all the manhood out
of me, little wretch. She kissed me. Never again. My youth. Only once it
comes. Or hers. Take the train there tomorrow. No. Returning not the
same. Like kids your second visit to a house. The new I want. Nothing
new under the sun. Care of P. O. Dolphin’s Barn. Are you not happy in
your? Naughty darling. At Dolphin’s barn charades in Luke Doyle’s house.
Mat Dillon and his bevy of daughters: Tiny, Atty, Floey, Maimy, Louy,
Hetty. Molly too. Eightyseven that was. Year before we. And the old
major, partial to his drop of spirits. Curious she an only child, I an
only child. So it returns. Think you’re escaping and run into yourself.
Longest way round is the shortest way home. And just when he and she.
Circus horse walking in a ring. Rip van Winkle we played. Rip: tear in
Henny Doyle’s overcoat. Van: breadvan delivering. Winkle: cockles and
periwinkles. Then I did Rip van Winkle coming back. She leaned on the
sideboard watching. Moorish eyes. Twenty years asleep in Sleepy Hollow.
All changed. Forgotten. The young are old. His gun rusty from the
dew.</p>
<p>Ba. What is that flying about? Swallow? Bat probably. Thinks I’m a
tree, so blind. Have birds no smell? Metempsychosis. They believed you
could be changed into a tree from grief. Weeping willow. Ba. There he
goes. Funny little beggar. Wonder where he lives. Belfry up there. Very
likely. Hanging by his heels in the odour of sanctity. Bell scared him
out, I suppose. Mass seems to be over. Could hear them all at it. Pray
for us. And pray for us. And pray for us. Good idea the repetition. Same
thing with ads. Buy from us. And buy from us. Yes, there’s the light in
the priest’s house. Their frugal meal. Remember about the mistake in the
valuation when I was in Thom’s. Twentyeight it is. Two houses they have.
Gabriel Conroy’s brother is curate. Ba. Again. Wonder why they come out
at night like mice. They’re a mixed breed. Birds are like hopping mice.
What frightens them, light or noise? Better sit still. All instinct like
the bird in drouth got water out of the end of a jar by throwing in
pebbles. Like a little man in a cloak he is with tiny hands. Weeny
bones. Almost see them shimmering, kind of a bluey white. Colours depend
on the light you see. Stare the sun for example like the eagle then look
at a shoe see a blotch blob yellowish. Wants to stamp his trademark on
everything. Instance, that cat this morning on the staircase. Colour of
brown turf. Say you never see them with three colours. Not true. That
half tabbywhite tortoiseshell in the <em>City Arms</em> with the letter
em on her forehead. Body fifty different colours. Howth a while ago
amethyst. Glass flashing. That’s how that wise man what’s his name with
the burning glass. Then the heather goes on fire. It can’t be tourists’
matches. What? Perhaps the sticks dry rub together in the wind and
light. Or broken bottles in the furze act as a burning glass in the sun.
Archimedes. I have it! My memory’s not so bad.</p>
<p>Ba. Who knows what they’re always flying for. Insects? That bee last
week got into the room playing with his shadow on the ceiling. Might be
the one bit me, come back to see. Birds too. Never find out. Or what
they say. Like our small talk. And says she and says he. Nerve they have
to fly over the ocean and back. Lots must be killed in storms, telegraph
wires. Dreadful life sailors have too. Big brutes of oceangoing steamers
floundering along in the dark, lowing out like seacows. <em>Faugh a
ballagh!</em> Out of that, bloody curse to you! Others in vessels, bit
of a handkerchief sail, pitched about like snuff at a wake when the
stormy winds do blow. Married too. Sometimes away for years at the ends
of the earth somewhere. No ends really because it’s round. Wife in every
port they say. She has a good job if she minds it till Johnny comes
marching home again. If ever he does. Smelling the tail end of ports.
How can they like the sea? Yet they do. The anchor’s weighed. Off he
sails with a scapular or a medal on him for luck. Well. And the tephilim
no what’s this they call it poor papa’s father had on his door to touch.
That brought us out of the land of Egypt and into the house of bondage.
Something in all those superstitions because when you go out never know
what dangers. Hanging on to a plank or astride of a beam for grim life,
lifebelt round him, gulping salt water, and that’s the last of his nibs
till the sharks catch hold of him. Do fish ever get seasick?</p>
<p>Then you have a beautiful calm without a cloud, smooth sea, placid,
crew and cargo in smithereens, Davy Jones’ locker, moon looking down so
peaceful. Not my fault, old cockalorum.</p>
<p>A last lonely candle wandered up the sky from Mirus bazaar in search
of funds for Mercer’s hospital and broke, drooping, and shed a cluster
of violet but one white stars. They floated, fell: they faded. The
shepherd’s hour: the hour of folding: hour of tryst. From house to
house, giving his everwelcome double knock, went the nine o’clock
postman, the glowworm’s lamp at his belt gleaming here and there through
the laurel hedges. And among the five young trees a hoisted lintstock
lit the lamp at Leahy’s terrace. By screens of lighted windows, by equal
gardens a shrill voice went crying, wailing: <em>Evening Telegraph, stop
press edition! Result of the Gold Cup races!</em> and from the door of
Dignam’s house a boy ran out and called. Twittering the bat flew here,
flew there. Far out over the sands the coming surf crept, grey. Howth
settled for slumber, tired of long days, of yumyum rhododendrons (he was
old) and felt gladly the night breeze lift, ruffle his fell of ferns. He
lay but opened a red eye unsleeping, deep and slowly breathing,
slumberous but awake. And far on Kish bank the anchored lightship
twinkled, winked at Mr Bloom.</p>
<p>Life those chaps out there must have, stuck in the same spot. Irish
Lights board. Penance for their sins. Coastguards too. Rocket and
breeches buoy and lifeboat. Day we went out for the pleasure cruise in
the Erin’s King, throwing them the sack of old papers. Bears in the zoo.
Filthy trip. Drunkards out to shake up their livers. Puking overboard to
feed the herrings. Nausea. And the women, fear of God in their faces.
Milly, no sign of funk. Her blue scarf loose, laughing. Don’t know what
death is at that age. And then their stomachs clean. But being lost they
fear. When we hid behind the tree at Crumlin. I didn’t want to. Mamma!
Mamma! Babes in the wood. Frightening them with masks too. Throwing them
up in the air to catch them. I’ll murder you. Is it only half fun? Or
children playing battle. Whole earnest. How can people aim guns at each
other. Sometimes they go off. Poor kids! Only troubles wildfire and
nettlerash. Calomel purge I got her for that. After getting better
asleep with Molly. Very same teeth she has. What do they love? Another
themselves? But the morning she chased her with the umbrella. Perhaps so
as not to hurt. I felt her pulse. Ticking. Little hand it was: now big.
Dearest Papli. All that the hand says when you touch. Loved to count my
waistcoat buttons. Her first stays I remember. Made me laugh to see.
Little paps to begin with. Left one is more sensitive, I think. Mine
too. Nearer the heart? Padding themselves out if fat is in fashion. Her
growing pains at night, calling, wakening me. Frightened she was when
her nature came on her first. Poor child! Strange moment for the mother
too. Brings back her girlhood. Gibraltar. Looking from Buena Vista.
O’Hara’s tower. The seabirds screaming. Old Barbary ape that gobbled all
his family. Sundown, gunfire for the men to cross the lines. Looking out
over the sea she told me. Evening like this, but clear, no clouds. I
always thought I’d marry a lord or a rich gentleman coming with a
private yacht. <em>Buenas noches, señorita. El hombre ama la muchacha
hermosa</em>. Why me? Because you were so foreign from the others.</p>
<p>Better not stick here all night like a limpet. This weather makes you
dull. Must be getting on for nine by the light. Go home. Too late for
<em>Leah, Lily of Killarney.</em> No. Might be still up. Call to the
hospital to see. Hope she’s over. Long day I’ve had. Martha, the bath,
funeral, house of Keyes, museum with those goddesses, Dedalus’ song.
Then that bawler in Barney Kiernan’s. Got my own back there. Drunken
ranters what I said about his God made him wince. Mistake to hit back.
Or? No. Ought to go home and laugh at themselves. Always want to be
swilling in company. Afraid to be alone like a child of two. Suppose he
hit me. Look at it other way round. Not so bad then. Perhaps not to hurt
he meant. Three cheers for Israel. Three cheers for the sister-in-law he
hawked about, three fangs in her mouth. Same style of beauty.
Particularly nice old party for a cup of tea. The sister of the wife of
the wild man of Borneo has just come to town. Imagine that in the early
morning at close range. Everyone to his taste as Morris said when he
kissed the cow. But Dignam’s put the boots on it. Houses of mourning so
depressing because you never know. Anyhow she wants the money. Must call
to those Scottish Widows as I promised. Strange name. Takes it for
granted we’re going to pop off first. That widow on Monday was it
outside Cramer’s that looked at me. Buried the poor husband but
progressing favourably on the premium. Her widow’s mite. Well? What do
you expect her to do? Must wheedle her way along. Widower I hate to see.
Looks so forlorn. Poor man O’Connor wife and five children poisoned by
mussels here. The sewage. Hopeless. Some good matronly woman in a
porkpie hat to mother him. Take him in tow, platter face and a large
apron. Ladies’ grey flannelette bloomers, three shillings a pair,
astonishing bargain. Plain and loved, loved for ever, they say. Ugly: no
woman thinks she is. Love, lie and be handsome for tomorrow we die. See
him sometimes walking about trying to find out who played the trick. U.
p: up. Fate that is. He, not me. Also a shop often noticed. Curse seems
to dog it. Dreamt last night? Wait. Something confused. She had red
slippers on. Turkish. Wore the breeches. Suppose she does? Would I like
her in pyjamas? Damned hard to answer. Nannetti’s gone. Mailboat. Near
Holyhead by now. Must nail that ad of Keyes’s. Work Hynes and Crawford.
Petticoats for Molly. She has something to put in them. What’s that?
Might be money.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom stooped and turned over a piece of paper on the strand. He
brought it near his eyes and peered. Letter? No. Can’t read. Better go.
Better. I’m tired to move. Page of an old copybook. All those holes and
pebbles. Who could count them? Never know what you find. Bottle with
story of a treasure in it, thrown from a wreck. Parcels post. Children
always want to throw things in the sea. Trust? Bread cast on the waters.
What’s this? Bit of stick.</p>
<p>O! Exhausted that female has me. Not so young now. Will she come here
tomorrow? Wait for her somewhere for ever. Must come back. Murderers do.
Will I?</p>
<p>Mr Bloom with his stick gently vexed the thick sand at his foot.
Write a message for her. Might remain. What?</p>
<p>I.</p>
<p>Some flatfoot tramp on it in the morning. Useless. Washed away. Tide
comes here. Saw a pool near her foot. Bend, see my face there, dark
mirror, breathe on it, stirs. All these rocks with lines and scars and
letters. O, those transparent! Besides they don’t know. What is the
meaning of that other world. I called you naughty boy because I do not
like.</p>
<p>AM. A.</p>
<p>No room. Let it go.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom effaced the letters with his slow boot. Hopeless thing sand.
Nothing grows in it. All fades. No fear of big vessels coming up here.
Except Guinness’s barges. Round the Kish in eighty days. Done half by
design.</p>
<p>He flung his wooden pen away. The stick fell in silted sand, stuck.
Now if you were trying to do that for a week on end you couldn’t.
Chance. We’ll never meet again. But it was lovely. Goodbye, dear.
Thanks. Made me feel so young.</p>
<p>Short snooze now if I had. Must be near nine. Liverpool boat long
gone. Not even the smoke. And she can do the other. Did too. And
Belfast. I won’t go. Race there, race back to Ennis. Let him. Just close
my eyes a moment. Won’t sleep, though. Half dream. It never comes the
same. Bat again. No harm in him. Just a few.</p>
<p>O sweety all your little girlwhite up I saw dirty bracegirdle made me
do love sticky we two naughty Grace darling she him half past the bed
met him pike hoses frillies for Raoul de perfume your wife black hair
heave under embon <em>señorita</em> young eyes Mulvey plump bubs me
breadvan Winkle red slippers she rusty sleep wander years of dreams
return tail end Agendath swoony lovey showed me her next year in drawers
return next in her next her next.</p>
<p>A bat flew. Here. There. Here. Far in the grey a bell chimed. Mr
Bloom with open mouth, his left boot sanded sideways, leaned, breathed.
Just for a few</p>
<p>Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo.</p>
<p>The clock on the mantelpiece in the priest’s house cooed where Canon
O’Hanlon and Father Conroy and the reverend John Hughes S. J. were
taking tea and sodabread and butter and fried mutton chops with catsup
and talking about</p>
<p>Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo.</p>
<p>Because it was a little canarybird that came out of its little house
to tell the time that Gerty MacDowell noticed the time she was there
because she was as quick as anything about a thing like that, was Gerty
MacDowell, and she noticed at once that that foreign gentleman that was
sitting on the rocks looking was</p>
<p>Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo<br />
Cuckoo.</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-15.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-15.htm.html_pgepubid00080"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-15.htm.html_chap14"></span>[ 14
]</h3>
<p>Deshil Holles Eamus. Deshil Holles Eamus. Deshil Holles Eamus.</p>
<p>Send us bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit.
Send us bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit. Send
us bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening and wombfruit.</p>
<p>Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa! Hoopsa boyaboy hoopsa! Hoopsa boyaboy
hoopsa!</p>
<p>Universally that person’s acumen is esteemed very little perceptive
concerning whatsoever matters are being held as most profitably by
mortals with sapience endowed to be studied who is ignorant of that
which the most in doctrine erudite and certainly by reason of that in
them high mind’s ornament deserving of veneration constantly maintain
when by general consent they affirm that other circumstances being equal
by no exterior splendour is the prosperity of a nation more
efficaciously asserted than by the measure of how far forward may have
progressed the tribute of its solicitude for that proliferent
continuance which of evils the original if it be absent when fortunately
present constitutes the certain sign of omnipollent nature’s incorrupted
benefaction. For who is there who anything of some significance has
apprehended but is conscious that that exterior splendour may be the
surface of a downwardtending lutulent reality or on the contrary anyone
so is there unilluminated as not to perceive that as no nature’s boon
can contend against the bounty of increase so it behoves every most just
citizen to become the exhortator and admonisher of his semblables and to
tremble lest what had in the past been by the nation excellently
commenced might be in the future not with similar excellence
accomplished if an inverecund habit shall have gradually traduced the
honourable by ancestors transmitted customs to that thither of
profundity that that one was audacious excessively who would have the
hardihood to rise affirming that no more odious offence can for anyone
be than to oblivious neglect to consign that evangel simultaneously
command and promise which on all mortals with prophecy of abundance or
with diminution’s menace that exalted of reiteratedly procreating
function ever irrevocably enjoined?</p>
<p>It is not why therefore we shall wonder if, as the best historians
relate, among the Celts, who nothing that was not in its nature
admirable admired, the art of medicine shall have been highly honoured.
Not to speak of hostels, leperyards, sweating chambers, plaguegraves,
their greatest doctors, the O’Shiels, the O’Hickeys, the O’Lees, have
sedulously set down the divers methods by which the sick and the
relapsed found again health whether the malady had been the trembling
withering or loose boyconnell flux. Certainly in every public work which
in it anything of gravity contains preparation should be with importance
commensurate and therefore a plan was by them adopted (whether by having
preconsidered or as the maturation of experience it is difficult in
being said which the discrepant opinions of subsequent inquirers are not
up to the present congrued to render manifest) whereby maternity was so
far from all accident possibility removed that whatever care the patient
in that allhardest of woman hour chiefly required and not solely for the
copiously opulent but also for her who not being sufficiently moneyed
scarcely and often not even scarcely could subsist valiantly and for an
inconsiderable emolument was provided.</p>
<p>To her nothing already then and thenceforward was anyway able to be
molestful for this chiefly felt all citizens except with proliferent
mothers prosperity at all not to can be and as they had received
eternity gods mortals generation to befit them her beholding, when the
case was so hoving itself, parturient in vehicle thereward carrying
desire immense among all one another was impelling on of her to be
received into that domicile. O thing of prudent nation not merely in
being seen but also even in being related worthy of being praised that
they her by anticipation went seeing mother, that she by them suddenly
to be about to be cherished had been begun she felt!</p>
<p>Before born bliss babe had. Within womb won he worship. Whatever in
that one case done commodiously done was. A couch by midwives attended
with wholesome food reposeful, cleanest swaddles as though forthbringing
were now done and by wise foresight set: but to this no less of what
drugs there is need and surgical implements which are pertaining to her
case not omitting aspect of all very distracting spectacles in various
latitudes by our terrestrial orb offered together with images, divine
and human, the cogitation of which by sejunct females is to tumescence
conducive or eases issue in the high sunbright wellbuilt fair home of
mothers when, ostensibly far gone and reproductitive, it is come by her
thereto to lie in, her term up.</p>
<p>Some man that wayfaring was stood by housedoor at night’s oncoming.
Of Israel’s folk was that man that on earth wandering far had fared.
Stark ruth of man his errand that him lone led till that house.</p>
<p>Of that house A. Horne is lord. Seventy beds keeps he there teeming
mothers are wont that they lie for to thole and bring forth bairns hale
so God’s angel to Mary quoth. Watchers tway there walk, white sisters in
ward sleepless. Smarts they still, sickness soothing: in twelve moons
thrice an hundred. Truest bedthanes they twain are, for Horne holding
wariest ward.</p>
<p>In ward wary the watcher hearing come that man mildhearted eft rising
with swire ywimpled to him her gate wide undid. Lo, levin leaping
lightens in eyeblink Ireland’s westward welkin. Full she drad that God
the Wreaker all mankind would fordo with water for his evil sins.
Christ’s rood made she on breastbone and him drew that he would rathe
infare under her thatch. That man her will wotting worthful went in
Horne’s house.</p>
<p>Loth to irk in Horne’s hall hat holding the seeker stood. On her stow
he ere was living with dear wife and lovesome daughter that then over
land and seafloor nine years had long outwandered. Once her in townhithe
meeting he to her bow had not doffed. Her to forgive now he craved with
good ground of her allowed that that of him swiftseen face, hers, so
young then had looked. Light swift her eyes kindled, bloom of blushes
his word winning.</p>
<p>As her eyes then ongot his weeds swart therefor sorrow she feared.
Glad after she was that ere adread was. Her he asked if O’Hare Doctor
tidings sent from far coast and she with grameful sigh him answered that
O’Hare Doctor in heaven was. Sad was the man that word to hear that him
so heavied in bowels ruthful. All she there told him, ruing death for
friend so young, algate sore unwilling God’s rightwiseness to withsay.
She said that he had a fair sweet death through God His goodness with
masspriest to be shriven, holy housel and sick men’s oil to his limbs.
The man then right earnest asked the nun of which death the dead man was
died and the nun answered him and said that he was died in Mona Island
through bellycrab three year agone come Childermas and she prayed to God
the Allruthful to have his dear soul in his undeathliness. He heard her
sad words, in held hat sad staring. So stood they there both awhile in
wanhope sorrowing one with other.</p>
<p>Therefore, everyman, look to that last end that is thy death and the
dust that gripeth on every man that is born of woman for as he came
naked forth from his mother’s womb so naked shall he wend him at the
last for to go as he came.</p>
<p>The man that was come in to the house then spoke to the nursingwoman
and he asked her how it fared with the woman that lay there in childbed.
The nursingwoman answered him and said that that woman was in throes now
full three days and that it would be a hard birth unneth to bear but
that now in a little it would be. She said thereto that she had seen
many births of women but never was none so hard as was that woman’s
birth. Then she set it all forth to him for because she knew the man
that time was had lived nigh that house. The man hearkened to her words
for he felt with wonder women’s woe in the travail that they have of
motherhood and he wondered to look on her face that was a fair face for
any man to see but yet was she left after long years a handmaid. Nine
twelve bloodflows chiding her childless.</p>
<p>And whiles they spake the door of the castle was opened and there
nighed them a mickle noise as of many that sat there at meat. And there
came against the place as they stood a young learningknight yclept
Dixon. And the traveller Leopold was couth to him sithen it had happed
that they had had ado each with other in the house of misericord where
this learningknight lay by cause the traveller Leopold came there to be
healed for he was sore wounded in his breast by a spear wherewith a
horrible and dreadful dragon was smitten him for which he did do make a
salve of volatile salt and chrism as much as he might suffice. And he
said now that he should go in to that castle for to make merry with them
that were there. And the traveller Leopold said that he should go
otherwhither for he was a man of cautels and a subtile. Also the lady
was of his avis and repreved the learningknight though she trowed well
that the traveller had said thing that was false for his subtility. But
the learningknight would not hear say nay nor do her mandement ne have
him in aught contrarious to his list and he said how it was a marvellous
castle. And the traveller Leopold went into the castle for to rest him
for a space being sore of limb after many marches environing in divers
lands and sometime venery.</p>
<p>And in the castle was set a board that was of the birchwood of
Finlandy and it was upheld by four dwarfmen of that country but they
durst not move more for enchantment. And on this board were frightful
swords and knives that are made in a great cavern by swinking demons out
of white flames that they fix then in the horns of buffalos and stags
that there abound marvellously. And there were vessels that are wrought
by magic of Mahound out of seasand and the air by a warlock with his
breath that he blases in to them like to bubbles. And full fair cheer
and rich was on the board that no wight could devise a fuller ne richer.
And there was a vat of silver that was moved by craft to open in the
which lay strange fishes withouten heads though misbelieving men nie
that this be possible thing without they see it natheless they are so.
And these fishes lie in an oily water brought there from Portugal land
because of the fatness that therein is like to the juices of the
olivepress. And also it was a marvel to see in that castle how by magic
they make a compost out of fecund wheatkidneys out of Chaldee that by
aid of certain angry spirits that they do in to it swells up wondrously
like to a vast mountain. And they teach the serpents there to entwine
themselves up on long sticks out of the ground and of the scales of
these serpents they brew out a brewage like to mead.</p>
<p>And the learning knight let pour for childe Leopold a draught and
halp thereto the while all they that were there drank every each. And
childe Leopold did up his beaver for to pleasure him and took apertly
somewhat in amity for he never drank no manner of mead which he then put
by and anon full privily he voided the more part in his neighbour glass
and his neighbour nist not of this wile. And he sat down in that castle
with them for to rest him there awhile. Thanked be Almighty God.</p>
<p>This meanwhile this good sister stood by the door and begged them at
the reverence of Jesu our alther liege Lord to leave their wassailing
for there was above one quick with child, a gentle dame, whose time hied
fast. Sir Leopold heard on the upfloor cry on high and he wondered what
cry that it was whether of child or woman and I marvel, said he, that it
be not come or now. Meseems it dureth overlong. And he was ware and saw
a franklin that hight Lenehan on that side the table that was older than
any of the tother and for that they both were knights virtuous in the
one emprise and eke by cause that he was elder he spoke to him full
gently. But, said he, or it be long too she will bring forth by God His
bounty and have joy of her childing for she hath waited marvellous long.
And the franklin that had drunken said, Expecting each moment to be her
next. Also he took the cup that stood tofore him for him needed never
none asking nor desiring of him to drink and, Now drink, said he, fully
delectably, and he quaffed as far as he might to their both’s health for
he was a passing good man of his lustiness. And sir Leopold that was the
goodliest guest that ever sat in scholars’ hall and that was the meekest
man and the kindest that ever laid husbandly hand under hen and that was
the very truest knight of the world one that ever did minion service to
lady gentle pledged him courtly in the cup. Woman’s woe with wonder
pondering.</p>
<p>Now let us speak of that fellowship that was there to the intent to
be drunken an they might. There was a sort of scholars along either side
the board, that is to wit, Dixon yclept junior of saint Mary Merciable’s
with other his fellows Lynch and Madden, scholars of medicine, and the
franklin that hight Lenehan and one from Alba Longa, one Crotthers, and
young Stephen that had mien of a frere that was at head of the board and
Costello that men clepen Punch Costello all long of a mastery of him
erewhile gested (and of all them, reserved young Stephen, he was the
most drunken that demanded still of more mead) and beside the meek sir
Leopold. But on young Malachi they waited for that he promised to have
come and such as intended to no goodness said how he had broke his avow.
And sir Leopold sat with them for he bore fast friendship to sir Simon
and to this his son young Stephen and for that his languor becalmed him
there after longest wanderings insomuch as they feasted him for that
time in the honourablest manner. Ruth red him, love led on with will to
wander, loth to leave.</p>
<p>For they were right witty scholars. And he heard their aresouns each
gen other as touching birth and righteousness, young Madden maintaining
that put such case it were hard the wife to die (for so it had fallen
out a matter of some year agone with a woman of Eblana in Horne’s house
that now was trespassed out of this world and the self night next before
her death all leeches and pothecaries had taken counsel of her case).
And they said farther she should live because in the beginning, they
said, the woman should bring forth in pain and wherefore they that were
of this imagination affirmed how young Madden had said truth for he had
conscience to let her die. And not few and of these was young Lynch were
in doubt that the world was now right evil governed as it was never
other howbeit the mean people believed it otherwise but the law nor his
judges did provide no remedy. A redress God grant. This was scant said
but all cried with one acclaim nay, by our Virgin Mother, the wife
should live and the babe to die. In colour whereof they waxed hot upon
that head what with argument and what for their drinking but the
franklin Lenehan was prompt each when to pour them ale so that at the
least way mirth might not lack. Then young Madden showed all the whole
affair and said how that she was dead and how for holy religion sake by
rede of palmer and bedesman and for a vow he had made to Saint Ultan of
Arbraccan her goodman husband would not let her death whereby they were
all wondrous grieved. To whom young Stephen had these words following:
Murmur, sirs, is eke oft among lay folk. Both babe and parent now
glorify their Maker, the one in limbo gloom, the other in purgefire.
But, gramercy, what of those Godpossibled souls that we nightly
impossibilise, which is the sin against the Holy Ghost, Very God, Lord
and Giver of Life? For, sirs, he said, our lust is brief. We are means
to those small creatures within us and nature has other ends than we.
Then said Dixon junior to Punch Costello wist he what ends. But he had
overmuch drunken and the best word he could have of him was that he
would ever dishonest a woman whoso she were or wife or maid or leman if
it so fortuned him to be delivered of his spleen of lustihead. Whereat
Crotthers of Alba Longa sang young Malachi’s praise of that beast the
unicorn how once in the millennium he cometh by his horn, the other all
this while, pricked forward with their jibes wherewith they did malice
him, witnessing all and several by saint Foutinus his engines that he
was able to do any manner of thing that lay in man to do. Thereat
laughed they all right jocundly only young Stephen and sir Leopold which
never durst laugh too open by reason of a strange humour which he would
not bewray and also for that he rued for her that bare whoso she might
be or wheresoever. Then spake young Stephen orgulous of mother Church
that would cast him out of her bosom, of law of canons, of Lilith,
patron of abortions, of bigness wrought by wind of seeds of brightness
or by potency of vampires mouth to mouth or, as Virgilius saith, by the
influence of the occident or by the reek of moonflower or an she lie
with a woman which her man has but lain with, <em>effectu secuto</em>,
or peradventure in her bath according to the opinions of Averroes and
Moses Maimonides. He said also how at the end of the second month a
human soul was infused and how in all our holy mother foldeth ever souls
for God’s greater glory whereas that earthly mother which was but a dam
to bear beastly should die by canon for so saith he that holdeth the
fisherman’s seal, even that blessed Peter on which rock was holy church
for all ages founded. All they bachelors then asked of sir Leopold would
he in like case so jeopard her person as risk life to save life. A
wariness of mind he would answer as fitted all and, laying hand to jaw,
he said dissembling, as his wont was, that as it was informed him, who
had ever loved the art of physic as might a layman, and agreeing also
with his experience of so seldomseen an accident it was good for that
mother Church belike at one blow had birth and death pence and in such
sort deliverly he scaped their questions. That is truth, pardy, said
Dixon, and, or I err, a pregnant word. Which hearing young Stephen was a
marvellous glad man and he averred that he who stealeth from the poor
lendeth to the Lord for he was of a wild manner when he was drunken and
that he was now in that taking it appeared eftsoons.</p>
<p>But sir Leopold was passing grave maugre his word by cause he still
had pity of the terrorcausing shrieking of shrill women in their labour
and as he was minded of his good lady Marion that had borne him an only
manchild which on his eleventh day on live had died and no man of art
could save so dark is destiny. And she was wondrous stricken of heart
for that evil hap and for his burial did him on a fair corselet of
lamb’s wool, the flower of the flock, lest he might perish utterly and
lie akeled (for it was then about the midst of the winter) and now sir
Leopold that had of his body no manchild for an heir looked upon him his
friend’s son and was shut up in sorrow for his forepassed happiness and
as sad as he was that him failed a son of such gentle courage (for all
accounted him of real parts) so grieved he also in no less measure for
young Stephen for that he lived riotously with those wastrels and
murdered his goods with whores.</p>
<p>About that present time young Stephen filled all cups that stood
empty so as there remained but little mo if the prudenter had not
shadowed their approach from him that still plied it very busily who,
praying for the intentions of the sovereign pontiff, he gave them for a
pledge the vicar of Christ which also as he said is vicar of Bray. Now
drink we, quod he, of this mazer and quaff ye this mead which is not
indeed parcel of my body but my soul’s bodiment. Leave ye fraction of
bread to them that live by bread alone. Be not afeard neither for any
want for this will comfort more than the other will dismay. See ye here.
And he showed them glistering coins of the tribute and goldsmith notes
the worth of two pound nineteen shilling that he had, he said, for a
song which he writ. They all admired to see the foresaid riches in such
dearth of money as was herebefore. His words were then these as
followeth: Know all men, he said, time’s ruins build eternity’s
mansions. What means this? Desire’s wind blasts the thorntree but after
it becomes from a bramblebush to be a rose upon the rood of time. Mark
me now. In woman’s womb word is made flesh but in the spirit of the
maker all flesh that passes becomes the word that shall not pass away.
This is the postcreation. <em>Omnis caro ad te veniet</em>. No question
but her name is puissant who aventried the dear corse of our Agenbuyer,
Healer and Herd, our mighty mother and mother most venerable and
Bernardus saith aptly that She hath an <em>omnipotentiam deiparae
supplicem</em>, that is to wit, an almightiness of petition because she
is the second Eve and she won us, saith Augustine too, whereas that
other, our grandam, which we are linked up with by successive
anastomosis of navelcords sold us all, seed, breed and generation, for a
penny pippin. But here is the matter now. Or she knew him, that second I
say, and was but creature of her creature, <em>vergine madre, figlia di
tuo figlio</em>, or she knew him not and then stands she in the one
denial or ignorancy with Peter Piscator who lives in the house that Jack
built and with Joseph the joiner patron of the happy demise of all
unhappy marriages, <em>parceque M. Léo Taxil nous a dit que qui l’avait
mise dans cette fichue position c’était le sacré pigeon, ventre de Dieu!
Entweder</em> transubstantiality <em>oder</em> consubstantiality but in
no case subsubstantiality. And all cried out upon it for a very scurvy
word. A pregnancy without joy, he said, a birth without pangs, a body
without blemish, a belly without bigness. Let the lewd with faith and
fervour worship. With will will we withstand, withsay.</p>
<p>Hereupon Punch Costello dinged with his fist upon the board and would
sing a bawdy catch <em>Staboo Stabella</em> about a wench that was put
in pod of a jolly swashbuckler in Almany which he did straightways now
attack: <em>The first three months she was not well, Staboo,</em> when
here nurse Quigley from the door angerly bid them hist ye should shame
you nor was it not meet as she remembered them being her mind was to
have all orderly against lord Andrew came for because she was jealous
that no gasteful turmoil might shorten the honour of her guard. It was
an ancient and a sad matron of a sedate look and christian walking, in
habit dun beseeming her megrims and wrinkled visage, nor did her
hortative want of it effect for incontinently Punch Costello was of them
all embraided and they reclaimed the churl with civil rudeness some and
shaked him with menace of blandishments others whiles they all chode
with him, a murrain seize the dolt, what a devil he would be at, thou
chuff, thou puny, thou got in peasestraw, thou losel, thou chitterling,
thou spawn of a rebel, thou dykedropt, thou abortion thou, to shut up
his drunken drool out of that like a curse of God ape, the good sir
Leopold that had for his cognisance the flower of quiet, margerain
gentle, advising also the time’s occasion as most sacred and most worthy
to be most sacred. In Horne’s house rest should reign.</p>
<p>To be short this passage was scarce by when Master Dixon of Mary in
Eccles, goodly grinning, asked young Stephen what was the reason why he
had not cided to take friar’s vows and he answered him obedience in the
womb, chastity in the tomb but involuntary poverty all his days. Master
Lenehan at this made return that he had heard of those nefarious deeds
and how, as he heard hereof counted, he had besmirched the lily virtue
of a confiding female which was corruption of minors and they all
intershowed it too, waxing merry and toasting to his fathership. But he
said very entirely it was clean contrary to their suppose for he was the
eternal son and ever virgin. Thereat mirth grew in them the more and
they rehearsed to him his curious rite of wedlock for the disrobing and
deflowering of spouses, as the priests use in Madagascar island, she to
be in guise of white and saffron, her groom in white and grain, with
burning of nard and tapers, on a bridebed while clerks sung kyries and
the anthem <em>Ut novetur sexus omnis corporis mysterium</em> till she
was there unmaided. He gave them then a much admirable hymen minim by
those delicate poets Master John Fletcher and Master Francis Beaumont
that is in their <em>Maid’s Tragedy</em> that was writ for a like
twining of lovers: <em>To bed, to bed</em> was the burden of it to be
played with accompanable concent upon the virginals. An exquisite dulcet
epithalame of most mollificative suadency for juveniles amatory whom the
odoriferous flambeaus of the paranymphs have escorted to the quadrupedal
proscenium of connubial communion. Well met they were, said Master
Dixon, joyed, but, harkee, young sir, better were they named Beau Mount
and Lecher for, by my troth, of such a mingling much might come. Young
Stephen said indeed to his best remembrance they had but the one doxy
between them and she of the stews to make shift with in delights amorous
for life ran very high in those days and the custom of the country
approved with it. Greater love than this, he said, no man hath that a
man lay down his wife for his friend. Go thou and do likewise. Thus, or
words to that effect, saith Zarathustra, sometime regius professor of
French letters to the university of Oxtail nor breathed there ever that
man to whom mankind was more beholden. Bring a stranger within thy tower
it will go hard but thou wilt have the secondbest bed. <em>Orate,
fratres, pro memetipso</em>. And all the people shall say, Amen.
Remember, Erin, thy generations and thy days of old, how thou settedst
little by me and by my word and broughtedst in a stranger to my gates to
commit fornication in my sight and to wax fat and kick like Jeshurum.
Therefore hast thou sinned against my light and hast made me, thy lord,
to be the slave of servants. Return, return, Clan Milly: forget me not,
O Milesian. Why hast thou done this abomination before me that thou
didst spurn me for a merchant of jalaps and didst deny me to the Roman
and to the Indian of dark speech with whom thy daughters did lie
luxuriously? Look forth now, my people, upon the land of behest, even
from Horeb and from Nebo and from Pisgah and from the Horns of Hatten
unto a land flowing with milk and money. But thou hast suckled me with a
bitter milk: my moon and my sun thou hast quenched for ever. And thou
hast left me alone for ever in the dark ways of my bitterness: and with
a kiss of ashes hast thou kissed my mouth. This tenebrosity of the
interior, he proceeded to say, hath not been illumined by the wit of the
septuagint nor so much as mentioned for the Orient from on high which
brake hell’s gates visited a darkness that was foraneous. Assuefaction
minorates atrocities (as Tully saith of his darling Stoics) and Hamlet
his father showeth the prince no blister of combustion. The adiaphane in
the noon of life is an Egypt’s plague which in the nights of prenativity
and postmortemity is their most proper <em>ubi</em> and
<em>quomodo</em>. And as the ends and ultimates of all things accord in
some mean and measure with their inceptions and originals, that same
multiplicit concordance which leads forth growth from birth
accomplishing by a retrogressive metamorphosis that minishing and
ablation towards the final which is agreeable unto nature so is it with
our subsolar being. The aged sisters draw us into life: we wail, batten,
sport, clip, clasp, sunder, dwindle, die: over us dead they bend. First,
saved from waters of old Nile, among bulrushes, a bed of fasciated
wattles: at last the cavity of a mountain, an occulted sepulchre amid
the conclamation of the hillcat and the ossifrage. And as no man knows
the ubicity of his tumulus nor to what processes we shall thereby be
ushered nor whether to Tophet or to Edenville in the like way is all
hidden when we would backward see from what region of remoteness the
whatness of our whoness hath fetched his whenceness.</p>
<p>Thereto Punch Costello roared out mainly <em>Etienne chanson</em> but
he loudly bid them, lo, wisdom hath built herself a house, this vast
majestic longstablished vault, the crystal palace of the Creator, all in
applepie order, a penny for him who finds the pea.</p>
<p>Behold the mansion reared by dedal Jack<br />
See the malt stored in many a refluent sack,<br />
In the proud cirque of Jackjohn’s bivouac.</p>
<p>A black crack of noise in the street here, alack, bawled back. Loud
on left Thor thundered: in anger awful the hammerhurler. Came now the
storm that hist his heart. And Master Lynch bade him have a care to
flout and witwanton as the god self was angered for his hellprate and
paganry. And he that had erst challenged to be so doughty waxed wan as
they might all mark and shrank together and his pitch that was before so
haught uplift was now of a sudden quite plucked down and his heart shook
within the cage of his breast as he tasted the rumour of that storm.
Then did some mock and some jeer and Punch Costello fell hard again to
his yale which Master Lenehan vowed he would do after and he was indeed
but a word and a blow on any the least colour. But the braggart boaster
cried that an old Nobodaddy was in his cups it was muchwhat indifferent
and he would not lag behind his lead. But this was only to dye his
desperation as cowed he crouched in Horne’s hall. He drank indeed at one
draught to pluck up a heart of any grace for it thundered long
rumblingly over all the heavens so that Master Madden, being godly
certain whiles, knocked him on his ribs upon that crack of doom and
Master Bloom, at the braggart’s side, spoke to him calming words to
slumber his great fear, advertising how it was no other thing but a
hubbub noise that he heard, the discharge of fluid from the thunderhead,
look you, having taken place, and all of the order of a natural
phenomenon.</p>
<p>But was young Boasthard’s fear vanquished by Calmer’s words? No, for
he had in his bosom a spike named Bitterness which could not by words be
done away. And was he then neither calm like the one nor godly like the
other? He was neither as much as he would have liked to be either. But
could he not have endeavoured to have found again as in his youth the
bottle Holiness that then he lived withal? Indeed no for Grace was not
there to find that bottle. Heard he then in that clap the voice of the
god Bringforth or, what Calmer said, a hubbub of Phenomenon? Heard? Why,
he could not but hear unless he had plugged him up the tube
Understanding (which he had not done). For through that tube he saw that
he was in the land of Phenomenon where he must for a certain one day die
as he was like the rest too a passing show. And would he not accept to
die like the rest and pass away? By no means would he though he must nor
would he make more shows according as men do with wives which Phenomenon
has commanded them to do by the book Law. Then wotted he nought of that
other land which is called Believe-on-Me, that is the land of promise
which behoves to the king Delightful and shall be for ever where there
is no death and no birth neither wiving nor mothering at which all shall
come as many as believe on it? Yes, Pious had told him of that land and
Chaste had pointed him to the way but the reason was that in the way he
fell in with a certain whore of an eyepleasing exterior whose name, she
said, is Bird-in-the-Hand and she beguiled him wrongways from the true
path by her flatteries that she said to him as, Ho, you pretty man, turn
aside hither and I will show you a brave place, and she lay at him so
flatteringly that she had him in her grot which is named Two-in-the-Bush
or, by some learned, Carnal Concupiscence.</p>
<p>This was it what all that company that sat there at commons in Manse
of Mothers the most lusted after and if they met with this whore
Bird-in-the-Hand (which was within all foul plagues, monsters and a
wicked devil) they would strain the last but they would make at her and
know her. For regarding Believe-on-Me they said it was nought else but
notion and they could conceive no thought of it for, first,
Two-in-the-Bush whither she ticed them was the very goodliest grot and
in it were four pillows on which were four tickets with these words
printed on them, Pickaback and Topsyturvy and Shameface and Cheek by
Jowl and, second, for that foul plague Allpox and the monsters they
cared not for them for Preservative had given them a stout shield of
oxengut and, third, that they might take no hurt neither from Offspring
that was that wicked devil by virtue of this same shield which was named
Killchild. So were they all in their blind fancy, Mr Cavil and Mr
Sometimes Godly, Mr Ape Swillale, Mr False Franklin, Mr Dainty Dixon,
Young Boasthard and Mr Cautious Calmer. Wherein, O wretched company,
were ye all deceived for that was the voice of the god that was in a
very grievous rage that he would presently lift his arm up and spill
their souls for their abuses and their spillings done by them
contrariwise to his word which forth to bring brenningly biddeth.</p>
<p>So Thursday sixteenth June Patk. Dignam laid in clay of an apoplexy
and after hard drought, please God, rained, a bargeman coming in by
water a fifty mile or thereabout with turf saying the seed won’t sprout,
fields athirst, very sadcoloured and stunk mightily, the quags and tofts
too. Hard to breathe and all the young quicks clean consumed without
sprinkle this long while back as no man remembered to be without. The
rosy buds all gone brown and spread out blobs and on the hills nought
but dry flag and faggots that would catch at first fire. All the world
saying, for aught they knew, the big wind of last February a year that
did havoc the land so pitifully a small thing beside this barrenness.
But by and by, as said, this evening after sundown, the wind sitting in
the west, biggish swollen clouds to be seen as the night increased and
the weatherwise poring up at them and some sheet lightnings at first and
after, past ten of the clock, one great stroke with a long thunder and
in a brace of shakes all scamper pellmell within door for the smoking
shower, the men making shelter for their straws with a clout or
kerchief, womenfolk skipping off with kirtles catched up soon as the
pour came. In Ely place, Baggot street, Duke’s lawn, thence through
Merrion green up to Holles street a swash of water flowing that was
before bonedry and not one chair or coach or fiacre seen about but no
more crack after that first. Over against the Rt. Hon. Mr Justice
Fitzgibbon’s door (that is to sit with Mr Healy the lawyer upon the
college lands) Mal. Mulligan a gentleman’s gentleman that had but come
from Mr Moore’s the writer’s (that was a papish but is now, folk say, a
good Williamite) chanced against Alec. Bannon in a cut bob (which are
now in with dance cloaks of Kendal green) that was new got to town from
Mullingar with the stage where his coz and Mal M’s brother will stay a
month yet till Saint Swithin and asks what in the earth he does there,
he bound home and he to Andrew Horne’s being stayed for to crush a cup
of wine, so he said, but would tell him of a skittish heifer, big of her
age and beef to the heel, and all this while poured with rain and so
both together on to Horne’s. There Leop. Bloom of Crawford’s journal
sitting snug with a covey of wags, likely brangling fellows, Dixon jun.,
scholar of my lady of Mercy’s, Vin. Lynch, a Scots fellow, Will. Madden,
T. Lenehan, very sad about a racer he fancied and Stephen D. Leop. Bloom
there for a languor he had but was now better, he having dreamed tonight
a strange fancy of his dame Mrs Moll with red slippers on in a pair of
Turkey trunks which is thought by those in ken to be for a change and
Mistress Purefoy there, that got in through pleading her belly, and now
on the stools, poor body, two days past her term, the midwives sore put
to it and can’t deliver, she queasy for a bowl of riceslop that is a
shrewd drier up of the insides and her breath very heavy more than good
and should be a bullyboy from the knocks, they say, but God give her
soon issue. ’Tis her ninth chick to live, I hear, and Lady day bit off
her last chick’s nails that was then a twelvemonth and with other three
all breastfed that died written out in a fair hand in the king’s bible.
Her hub fifty odd and a methodist but takes the sacrament and is to be
seen any fair sabbath with a pair of his boys off Bullock harbour
dapping on the sound with a heavybraked reel or in a punt he has
trailing for flounder and pollock and catches a fine bag, I hear. In sum
an infinite great fall of rain and all refreshed and will much increase
the harvest yet those in ken say after wind and water fire shall come
for a prognostication of Malachi’s almanac (and I hear that Mr Russell
has done a prophetical charm of the same gist out of the Hindustanish
for his farmer’s gazette) to have three things in all but this a mere
fetch without bottom of reason for old crones and bairns yet sometimes
they are found in the right guess with their queerities no telling
how.</p>
<p>With this came up Lenehan to the feet of the table to say how the
letter was in that night’s gazette and he made a show to find it about
him (for he swore with an oath that he had been at pains about it) but
on Stephen’s persuasion he gave over the search and was bidden to sit
near by which he did mighty brisk. He was a kind of sport gentleman that
went for a merryandrew or honest pickle and what belonged of women,
horseflesh or hot scandal he had it pat. To tell the truth he was mean
in fortunes and for the most part hankered about the coffeehouses and
low taverns with crimps, ostlers, bookies, Paul’s men, runners,
flatcaps, waistcoateers, ladies of the bagnio and other rogues of the
game or with a chanceable catchpole or a tipstaff often at nights till
broad day of whom he picked up between his sackpossets much loose
gossip. He took his ordinary at a boilingcook’s and if he had but gotten
into him a mess of broken victuals or a platter of tripes with a bare
tester in his purse he could always bring himself off with his tongue,
some randy quip he had from a punk or whatnot that every mother’s son of
them would burst their sides. The other, Costello that is, hearing this
talk asked was it poetry or a tale. Faith, no, he says, Frank (that was
his name), ’tis all about Kerry cows that are to be butchered along of
the plague. But they can go hang, says he with a wink, for me with their
bully beef, a pox on it. There’s as good fish in this tin as ever came
out of it and very friendly he offered to take of some salty sprats that
stood by which he had eyed wishly in the meantime and found the place
which was indeed the chief design of his embassy as he was sharpset.
<em>Mort aux vaches</em>, says Frank then in the French language that
had been indentured to a brandyshipper that has a winelodge in Bordeaux
and he spoke French like a gentleman too. From a child this Frank had
been a donought that his father, a headborough, who could ill keep him
to school to learn his letters and the use of the globes, matriculated
at the university to study the mechanics but he took the bit between his
teeth like a raw colt and was more familiar with the justiciary and the
parish beadle than with his volumes. One time he would be a playactor,
then a sutler or a welsher, then nought would keep him from the bearpit
and the cocking main, then he was for the ocean sea or to hoof it on the
roads with the romany folk, kidnapping a squire’s heir by favour of
moonlight or fecking maids’ linen or choking chicken behind a hedge. He
had been off as many times as a cat has lives and back again with naked
pockets as many more to his father the headborough who shed a pint of
tears as often as he saw him. What, says Mr Leopold with his hands
across, that was earnest to know the drift of it, will they slaughter
all? I protest I saw them but this day morning going to the Liverpool
boats, says he. I can scarce believe ’tis so bad, says he. And he had
experience of the like brood beasts and of springers, greasy hoggets and
wether wool, having been some years before actuary for Mr Joseph Cuffe,
a worthy salesmaster that drove his trade for live stock and meadow
auctions hard by Mr Gavin Low’s yard in Prussia street. I question with
you there, says he. More like ’tis the hoose or the timber tongue. Mr
Stephen, a little moved but very handsomely told him no such matter and
that he had dispatches from the emperor’s chief tailtickler thanking him
for the hospitality, that was sending over Doctor Rinderpest, the
bestquoted cowcatcher in all Muscovy, with a bolus or two of physic to
take the bull by the horns. Come, come, says Mr Vincent, plain dealing.
He’ll find himself on the horns of a dilemma if he meddles with a bull
that’s Irish, says he. Irish by name and irish by nature, says Mr
Stephen, and he sent the ale purling about, an Irish bull in an English
chinashop. I conceive you, says Mr Dixon. It is that same bull that was
sent to our island by farmer Nicholas, the bravest cattlebreeder of them
all, with an emerald ring in his nose. True for you, says Mr Vincent
cross the table, and a bullseye into the bargain, says he, and a plumper
and a portlier bull, says he, never shit on shamrock. He had horns
galore, a coat of cloth of gold and a sweet smoky breath coming out of
his nostrils so that the women of our island, leaving doughballs and
rollingpins, followed after him hanging his bulliness in daisychains.
What for that, says Mr Dixon, but before he came over farmer Nicholas
that was a eunuch had him properly gelded by a college of doctors who
were no better off than himself. So be off now, says he, and do all my
cousin german the lord Harry tells you and take a farmer’s blessing, and
with that he slapped his posteriors very soundly. But the slap and the
blessing stood him friend, says Mr Vincent, for to make up he taught him
a trick worth two of the other so that maid, wife, abbess and widow to
this day affirm that they would rather any time of the month whisper in
his ear in the dark of a cowhouse or get a lick on the nape from his
long holy tongue than lie with the finest strapping young ravisher in
the four fields of all Ireland. Another then put in his word: And they
dressed him, says he, in a point shift and petticoat with a tippet and
girdle and ruffles on his wrists and clipped his forelock and rubbed him
all over with spermacetic oil and built stables for him at every turn of
the road with a gold manger in each full of the best hay in the market
so that he could doss and dung to his heart’s content. By this time the
father of the faithful (for so they called him) was grown so heavy that
he could scarce walk to pasture. To remedy which our cozening dames and
damsels brought him his fodder in their apronlaps and as soon as his
belly was full he would rear up on his hind quarters to show their
ladyships a mystery and roar and bellow out of him in bulls’ language
and they all after him. Ay, says another, and so pampered was he that he
would suffer nought to grow in all the land but green grass for himself
(for that was the only colour to his mind) and there was a board put up
on a hillock in the middle of the island with a printed notice, saying:
By the Lord Harry, Green is the grass that grows on the ground. And,
says Mr Dixon, if ever he got scent of a cattleraider in Roscommon or
the wilds of Connemara or a husbandman in Sligo that was sowing as much
as a handful of mustard or a bag of rapeseed out he’d run amok over half
the countryside rooting up with his horns whatever was planted and all
by lord Harry’s orders. There was bad blood between them at first, says
Mr Vincent, and the lord Harry called farmer Nicholas all the old Nicks
in the world and an old whoremaster that kept seven trulls in his house
and I’ll meddle in his matters, says he. I’ll make that animal smell
hell, says he, with the help of that good pizzle my father left me. But
one evening, says Mr Dixon, when the lord Harry was cleaning his royal
pelt to go to dinner after winning a boatrace (he had spade oars for
himself but the first rule of the course was that the others were to row
with pitchforks) he discovered in himself a wonderful likeness to a bull
and on picking up a blackthumbed chapbook that he kept in the pantry he
found sure enough that he was a lefthanded descendant of the famous
champion bull of the Romans, <em>Bos Bovum</em>, which is good bog Latin
for boss of the show. After that, says Mr Vincent, the lord Harry put
his head into a cow’s drinkingtrough in the presence of all his
courtiers and pulling it out again told them all his new name. Then,
with the water running off him, he got into an old smock and skirt that
had belonged to his grandmother and bought a grammar of the bulls’
language to study but he could never learn a word of it except the first
personal pronoun which he copied out big and got off by heart and if
ever he went out for a walk he filled his pockets with chalk to write it
upon what took his fancy, the side of a rock or a teahouse table or a
bale of cotton or a corkfloat. In short, he and the bull of Ireland were
soon as fast friends as an arse and a shirt. They were, says Mr Stephen,
and the end was that the men of the island seeing no help was toward, as
the ungrate women were all of one mind, made a wherry raft, loaded
themselves and their bundles of chattels on shipboard, set all masts
erect, manned the yards, sprang their luff, heaved to, spread three
sheets in the wind, put her head between wind and water, weighed anchor,
ported her helm, ran up the jolly Roger, gave three times three, let the
bullgine run, pushed off in their bumboat and put to sea to recover the
main of America. Which was the occasion, says Mr Vincent, of the
composing by a boatswain of that rollicking chanty:</p>
<p><em>—Pope Peter’s but a pissabed.<br />
A man’s a man for a’ that.</em></p>
<p>Our worthy acquaintance Mr Malachi Mulligan now appeared in the
doorway as the students were finishing their apologue accompanied with a
friend whom he had just rencountered, a young gentleman, his name Alec
Bannon, who had late come to town, it being his intention to buy a
colour or a cornetcy in the fencibles and list for the wars. Mr Mulligan
was civil enough to express some relish of it all the more as it jumped
with a project of his own for the cure of the very evil that had been
touched on. Whereat he handed round to the company a set of pasteboard
cards which he had had printed that day at Mr Quinnell’s bearing a
legend printed in fair italics: <em>Mr Malachi Mulligan. Fertiliser and
Incubator. Lambay Island</em>. His project, as he went on to expound,
was to withdraw from the round of idle pleasures such as form the chief
business of sir Fopling Popinjay and sir Milksop Quidnunc in town and to
devote himself to the noblest task for which our bodily organism has
been framed. Well, let us hear of it, good my friend, said Mr Dixon. I
make no doubt it smacks of wenching. Come, be seated, both. ’Tis as
cheap sitting as standing. Mr Mulligan accepted of the invitation and,
expatiating upon his design, told his hearers that he had been led into
this thought by a consideration of the causes of sterility, both the
inhibitory and the prohibitory, whether the inhibition in its turn were
due to conjugal vexations or to a parsimony of the balance as well as
whether the prohibition proceeded from defects congenital or from
proclivities acquired. It grieved him plaguily, he said, to see the
nuptial couch defrauded of its dearest pledges: and to reflect upon so
many agreeable females with rich jointures, a prey to the vilest bonzes,
who hide their flambeau under a bushel in an uncongenial cloister or
lose their womanly bloom in the embraces of some unaccountable muskin
when they might multiply the inlets of happiness, sacrificing the
inestimable jewel of their sex when a hundred pretty fellows were at
hand to caress, this, he assured them, made his heart weep. To curb this
inconvenient (which he concluded due to a suppression of latent heat),
having advised with certain counsellors of worth and inspected into this
matter, he had resolved to purchase in fee simple for ever the freehold
of Lambay island from its holder, lord Talbot de Malahide, a Tory
gentleman of note much in favour with our ascendancy party. He proposed
to set up there a national fertilising farm to be named
<em>Omphalos</em> with an obelisk hewn and erected after the fashion of
Egypt and to offer his dutiful yeoman services for the fecundation of
any female of what grade of life soever who should there direct to him
with the desire of fulfilling the functions of her natural. Money was no
object, he said, nor would he take a penny for his pains. The poorest
kitchenwench no less than the opulent lady of fashion, if so be their
constructions and their tempers were warm persuaders for their
petitions, would find in him their man. For his nutriment he shewed how
he would feed himself exclusively upon a diet of savoury tubercles and
fish and coneys there, the flesh of these latter prolific rodents being
highly recommended for his purpose, both broiled and stewed with a blade
of mace and a pod or two of capsicum chillies. After this homily which
he delivered with much warmth of asseveration Mr Mulligan in a trice put
off from his hat a kerchief with which he had shielded it. They both, it
seems, had been overtaken by the rain and for all their mending their
pace had taken water, as might be observed by Mr Mulligan’s smallclothes
of a hodden grey which was now somewhat piebald. His project meanwhile
was very favourably entertained by his auditors and won hearty eulogies
from all though Mr Dixon of Mary’s excepted to it, asking with a
finicking air did he purpose also to carry coals to Newcastle. Mr
Mulligan however made court to the scholarly by an apt quotation from
the classics which, as it dwelt upon his memory, seemed to him a sound
and tasteful support of his contention: <em>Talis ac tanta depravatio
hujus seculi, O quirites, ut matresfamiliarum nostrae lascivas
cujuslibet semiviri libici titillationes testibus ponderosis atque
excelsis erectionibus centurionum Romanorum magnopere anteponunt</em>,
while for those of ruder wit he drove home his point by analogies of the
animal kingdom more suitable to their stomach, the buck and doe of the
forest glade, the farmyard drake and duck.</p>
<p>Valuing himself not a little upon his elegance, being indeed a proper
man of person, this talkative now applied himself to his dress with
animadversions of some heat upon the sudden whimsy of the atmospherics
while the company lavished their encomiums upon the project he had
advanced. The young gentleman, his friend, overjoyed as he was at a
passage that had late befallen him, could not forbear to tell it his
nearest neighbour. Mr Mulligan, now perceiving the table, asked for whom
were those loaves and fishes and, seeing the stranger, he made him a
civil bow and said, Pray, sir, was you in need of any professional
assistance we could give? Who, upon his offer, thanked him very
heartily, though preserving his proper distance, and replied that he was
come there about a lady, now an inmate of Horne’s house, that was in an
interesting condition, poor body, from woman’s woe (and here he fetched
a deep sigh) to know if her happiness had yet taken place. Mr Dixon, to
turn the table, took on to ask of Mr Mulligan himself whether his
incipient ventripotence, upon which he rallied him, betokened an
ovoblastic gestation in the prostatic utricle or male womb or was due,
as with the noted physician, Mr Austin Meldon, to a wolf in the stomach.
For answer Mr Mulligan, in a gale of laughter at his smalls, smote
himself bravely below the diaphragm, exclaiming with an admirable droll
mimic of Mother Grogan (the most excellent creature of her sex though
’tis pity she’s a trollop): There’s a belly that never bore a bastard.
This was so happy a conceit that it renewed the storm of mirth and threw
the whole room into the most violent agitations of delight. The spry
rattle had run on in the same vein of mimicry but for some larum in the
antechamber.</p>
<p>Here the listener who was none other than the Scotch student, a
little fume of a fellow, blond as tow, congratulated in the liveliest
fashion with the young gentleman and, interrupting the narrative at a
salient point, having desired his visavis with a polite beck to have the
obligingness to pass him a flagon of cordial waters at the same time by
a questioning poise of the head (a whole century of polite breeding had
not achieved so nice a gesture) to which was united an equivalent but
contrary balance of the bottle asked the narrator as plainly as was ever
done in words if he might treat him with a cup of it. <em>Mais bien
sûr</em>, noble stranger, said he cheerily, <em>et mille
compliments</em>. That you may and very opportunely. There wanted
nothing but this cup to crown my felicity. But, gracious heaven, was I
left with but a crust in my wallet and a cupful of water from the well,
my God, I would accept of them and find it in my heart to kneel down
upon the ground and give thanks to the powers above for the happiness
vouchsafed me by the Giver of good things. With these words he
approached the goblet to his lips, took a complacent draught of the
cordial, slicked his hair and, opening his bosom, out popped a locket
that hung from a silk riband, that very picture which he had cherished
ever since her hand had wrote therein. Gazing upon those features with a
world of tenderness, Ah, Monsieur, he said, had you but beheld her as I
did with these eyes at that affecting instant with her dainty tucker and
her new coquette cap (a gift for her feastday as she told me prettily)
in such an artless disorder, of so melting a tenderness, ’pon my
conscience, even you, Monsieur, had been impelled by generous nature to
deliver yourself wholly into the hands of such an enemy or to quit the
field for ever. I declare, I was never so touched in all my life. God, I
thank thee, as the Author of my days! Thrice happy will he be whom so
amiable a creature will bless with her favours. A sigh of affection gave
eloquence to these words and, having replaced the locket in his bosom,
he wiped his eye and sighed again. Beneficent Disseminator of blessings
to all Thy creatures, how great and universal must be that sweetest of
Thy tyrannies which can hold in thrall the free and the bond, the simple
swain and the polished coxcomb, the lover in the heyday of reckless
passion and the husband of maturer years. But indeed, sir, I wander from
the point. How mingled and imperfect are all our sublunary joys.
Maledicity! he exclaimed in anguish. Would to God that foresight had but
remembered me to take my cloak along! I could weep to think of it. Then,
though it had poured seven showers, we were neither of us a penny the
worse. But beshrew me, he cried, clapping hand to his forehead, tomorrow
will be a new day and, thousand thunders, I know of a <em>marchand de
capotes</em>, Monsieur Poyntz, from whom I can have for a <em>livre</em>
as snug a cloak of the French fashion as ever kept a lady from wetting.
Tut, tut! cries Le Fécondateur, tripping in, my friend Monsieur Moore,
that most accomplished traveller (I have just cracked a half bottle
<em>avec lui</em> in a circle of the best wits of the town), is my
authority that in Cape Horn, <em>ventre biche</em>, they have a rain
that will wet through any, even the stoutest cloak. A drenching of that
violence, he tells me, <em>sans blague</em>, has sent more than one
luckless fellow in good earnest posthaste to another world. Pooh! A
<em>livre!</em> cries Monsieur Lynch. The clumsy things are dear at a
sou. One umbrella, were it no bigger than a fairy mushroom, is worth ten
such stopgaps. No woman of any wit would wear one. My dear Kitty told me
today that she would dance in a deluge before ever she would starve in
such an ark of salvation for, as she reminded me (blushing piquantly and
whispering in my ear though there was none to snap her words but giddy
butterflies), dame Nature, by the divine blessing, has implanted it in
our hearts and it has become a household word that <em>il y a deux
choses</em> for which the innocence of our original garb, in other
circumstances a breach of the proprieties, is the fittest, nay, the only
garment. The first, said she (and here my pretty philosopher, as I
handed her to her tilbury, to fix my attention, gently tipped with her
tongue the outer chamber of my ear), the first is a bath... But at this
point a bell tinkling in the hall cut short a discourse which promised
so bravely for the enrichment of our store of knowledge.</p>
<p>Amid the general vacant hilarity of the assembly a bell rang and,
while all were conjecturing what might be the cause, Miss Callan entered
and, having spoken a few words in a low tone to young Mr Dixon, retired
with a profound bow to the company. The presence even for a moment among
a party of debauchees of a woman endued with every quality of modesty
and not less severe than beautiful refrained the humourous sallies even
of the most licentious but her departure was the signal for an outbreak
of ribaldry. Strike me silly, said Costello, a low fellow who was
fuddled. A monstrous fine bit of cowflesh! I’ll be sworn she has
rendezvoused you. What, you dog? Have you a way with them? Gad’s bud,
immensely so, said Mr Lynch. The bedside manner it is that they use in
the Mater hospice. Demme, does not Doctor O’Gargle chuck the nuns there
under the chin. As I look to be saved I had it from my Kitty who has
been wardmaid there any time these seven months. Lawksamercy, doctor,
cried the young blood in the primrose vest, feigning a womanish simper
and with immodest squirmings of his body, how you do tease a body! Drat
the man! Bless me, I’m all of a wibbly wobbly. Why, you’re as bad as
dear little Father Cantekissem, that you are! May this pot of four half
choke me, cried Costello, if she aint in the family way. I knows a lady
what’s got a white swelling quick as I claps eyes on her. The young
surgeon, however, rose and begged the company to excuse his retreat as
the nurse had just then informed him that he was needed in the ward.
Merciful providence had been pleased to put a period to the sufferings
of the lady who was <em>enceinte</em> which she had borne with a
laudable fortitude and she had given birth to a bouncing boy. I want
patience, said he, with those who, without wit to enliven or learning to
instruct, revile an ennobling profession which, saving the reverence due
to the Deity, is the greatest power for happiness upon the earth. I am
positive when I say that if need were I could produce a cloud of
witnesses to the excellence of her noble exercitations which, so far
from being a byword, should be a glorious incentive in the human breast.
I cannot away with them. What? Malign such an one, the amiable Miss
Callan, who is the lustre of her own sex and the astonishment of ours?
And at an instant the most momentous that can befall a puny child of
clay? Perish the thought! I shudder to think of the future of a race
where the seeds of such malice have been sown and where no right
reverence is rendered to mother and maid in house of Horne. Having
delivered himself of this rebuke he saluted those present on the by and
repaired to the door. A murmur of approval arose from all and some were
for ejecting the low soaker without more ado, a design which would have
been effected nor would he have received more than his bare deserts had
he not abridged his transgression by affirming with a horrid imprecation
(for he swore a round hand) that he was as good a son of the true fold
as ever drew breath. Stap my vitals, said he, them was always the
sentiments of honest Frank Costello which I was bred up most particular
to honour thy father and thy mother that had the best hand to a rolypoly
or a hasty pudding as you ever see what I always looks back on with a
loving heart.</p>
<p>To revert to Mr Bloom who, after his first entry, had been conscious
of some impudent mocks which he however had borne with as being the
fruits of that age upon which it is commonly charged that it knows not
pity. The young sparks, it is true, were as full of extravagancies as
overgrown children: the words of their tumultuary discussions were
difficultly understood and not often nice: their testiness and
outrageous <em>mots</em> were such that his intellects resiled from: nor
were they scrupulously sensible of the proprieties though their fund of
strong animal spirits spoke in their behalf. But the word of Mr Costello
was an unwelcome language for him for he nauseated the wretch that
seemed to him a cropeared creature of a misshapen gibbosity, born out of
wedlock and thrust like a crookback toothed and feet first into the
world, which the dint of the surgeon’s pliers in his skull lent indeed a
colour to, so as to put him in thought of that missing link of
creation’s chain desiderated by the late ingenious Mr Darwin. It was now
for more than the middle span of our allotted years that he had passed
through the thousand vicissitudes of existence and, being of a wary
ascendancy and self a man of rare forecast, he had enjoined his heart to
repress all motions of a rising choler and, by intercepting them with
the readiest precaution, foster within his breast that plenitude of
sufferance which base minds jeer at, rash judgers scorn and all find
tolerable and but tolerable. To those who create themselves wits at the
cost of feminine delicacy (a habit of mind which he never did hold with)
to them he would concede neither to bear the name nor to herit the
tradition of a proper breeding: while for such that, having lost all
forbearance, can lose no more, there remained the sharp antidote of
experience to cause their insolency to beat a precipitate and inglorious
retreat. Not but what he could feel with mettlesome youth which, caring
nought for the mows of dotards or the gruntlings of the severe, is ever
(as the chaste fancy of the Holy Writer expresses it) for eating of the
tree forbid it yet not so far forth as to pretermit humanity upon any
condition soever towards a gentlewoman when she was about her lawful
occasions. To conclude, while from the sister’s words he had reckoned
upon a speedy delivery he was, however, it must be owned, not a little
alleviated by the intelligence that the issue so auspicated after an
ordeal of such duress now testified once more to the mercy as well as to
the bounty of the Supreme Being.</p>
<p>Accordingly he broke his mind to his neighbour, saying that, to
express his notion of the thing, his opinion (who ought not perchance to
express one) was that one must have a cold constitution and a frigid
genius not to be rejoiced by this freshest news of the fruition of her
confinement since she had been in such pain through no fault of hers.
The dressy young blade said it was her husband’s that put her in that
expectation or at least it ought to be unless she were another Ephesian
matron. I must acquaint you, said Mr Crotthers, clapping on the table so
as to evoke a resonant comment of emphasis, old Glory Allelujurum was
round again today, an elderly man with dundrearies, preferring through
his nose a request to have word of Wilhelmina, my life, as he calls her.
I bade him hold himself in readiness for that the event would burst
anon. ’Slife, I’ll be round with you. I cannot but extol the virile
potency of the old bucko that could still knock another child out of
her. All fell to praising of it, each after his own fashion, though the
same young blade held with his former view that another than her
conjugial had been the man in the gap, a clerk in orders, a linkboy
(virtuous) or an itinerant vendor of articles needed in every household.
Singular, communed the guest with himself, the wonderfully unequal
faculty of metempsychosis possessed by them, that the puerperal
dormitory and the dissecting theatre should be the seminaries of such
frivolity, that the mere acquisition of academic titles should suffice
to transform in a pinch of time these votaries of levity into exemplary
practitioners of an art which most men anywise eminent have esteemed the
noblest. But, he further added, it is mayhap to relieve the pentup
feelings that in common oppress them for I have more than once observed
that birds of a feather laugh together.</p>
<p>But with what fitness, let it be asked of the noble lord, his patron,
has this alien, whom the concession of a gracious prince has admitted to
civic rights, constituted himself the lord paramount of our internal
polity? Where is now that gratitude which loyalty should have
counselled? During the recent war whenever the enemy had a temporary
advantage with his granados did this traitor to his kind not seize that
moment to discharge his piece against the empire of which he is a tenant
at will while he trembled for the security of his four per cents? Has he
forgotten this as he forgets all benefits received? Or is it that from
being a deluder of others he has become at last his own dupe as he is,
if report belie him not, his own and his only enjoyer? Far be it from
candour to violate the bedchamber of a respectable lady, the daughter of
a gallant major, or to cast the most distant reflections upon her virtue
but if he challenges attention there (as it was indeed highly his
interest not to have done) then be it so. Unhappy woman, she has been
too long and too persistently denied her legitimate prerogative to
listen to his objurgations with any other feeling than the derision of
the desperate. He says this, a censor of morals, a very pelican in his
piety, who did not scruple, oblivious of the ties of nature, to attempt
illicit intercourse with a female domestic drawn from the lowest strata
of society! Nay, had the hussy’s scouringbrush not been her tutelary
angel, it had gone with her as hard as with Hagar, the Egyptian! In the
question of the grazing lands his peevish asperity is notorious and in
Mr Cuffe’s hearing brought upon him from an indignant rancher a scathing
retort couched in terms as straightforward as they were bucolic. It ill
becomes him to preach that gospel. Has he not nearer home a seedfield
that lies fallow for the want of the ploughshare? A habit reprehensible
at puberty is second nature and an opprobrium in middle life. If he must
dispense his balm of Gilead in nostrums and apothegms of dubious taste
to restore to health a generation of unfledged profligates let his
practice consist better with the doctrines that now engross him. His
marital breast is the repository of secrets which decorum is reluctant
to adduce. The lewd suggestions of some faded beauty may console him for
a consort neglected and debauched but this new exponent of morals and
healer of ills is at his best an exotic tree which, when rooted in its
native orient, throve and flourished and was abundant in balm but,
transplanted to a clime more temperate, its roots have lost their
quondam vigour while the stuff that comes away from it is stagnant, acid
and inoperative.</p>
<p>The news was imparted with a circumspection recalling the ceremonial
usage of the Sublime Porte by the second female infirmarian to the
junior medical officer in residence, who in his turn announced to the
delegation that an heir had been born. When he had betaken himself to
the women’s apartment to assist at the prescribed ceremony of the
afterbirth in the presence of the secretary of state for domestic
affairs and the members of the privy council, silent in unanimous
exhaustion and approbation the delegates, chafing under the length and
solemnity of their vigil and hoping that the joyful occurrence would
palliate a licence which the simultaneous absence of abigail and
obstetrician rendered the easier, broke out at once into a strife of
tongues. In vain the voice of Mr Canvasser Bloom was heard endeavouring
to urge, to mollify, to refrain. The moment was too propitious for the
display of that discursiveness which seemed the only bond of union among
tempers so divergent. Every phase of the situation was successively
eviscerated: the prenatal repugnance of uterine brothers, the Caesarean
section, posthumity with respect to the father and, that rarer form,
with respect to the mother, the fratricidal case known as the Childs
Murder and rendered memorable by the impassioned plea of Mr Advocate
Bushe which secured the acquittal of the wrongfully accused, the rights
of primogeniture and king’s bounty touching twins and triplets,
miscarriages and infanticides, simulated or dissimulated, the acardiac
<em>foetus in foetu</em> and aprosopia due to a congestion, the agnathia
of certain chinless Chinamen (cited by Mr Candidate Mulligan) in
consequence of defective reunion of the maxillary knobs along the medial
line so that (as he said) one ear could hear what the other spoke, the
benefits of anesthesia or twilight sleep, the prolongation of labour
pains in advanced gravidancy by reason of pressure on the vein, the
premature relentment of the amniotic fluid (as exemplified in the actual
case) with consequent peril of sepsis to the matrix, artificial
insemination by means of syringes, involution of the womb consequent
upon the menopause, the problem of the perpetration of the species in
the case of females impregnated by delinquent rape, that distressing
manner of delivery called by the Brandenburghers <em>Sturzgeburt,</em>
the recorded instances of multiseminal, twikindled and monstrous births
conceived during the catamenic period or of consanguineous parents—in a
word all the cases of human nativity which Aristotle has classified in
his masterpiece with chromolithographic illustrations. The gravest
problems of obstetrics and forensic medicine were examined with as much
animation as the most popular beliefs on the state of pregnancy such as
the forbidding to a gravid woman to step over a countrystile lest, by
her movement, the navelcord should strangle her creature and the
injunction upon her in the event of a yearning, ardently and
ineffectually entertained, to place her hand against that part of her
person which long usage has consecrated as the seat of castigation. The
abnormalities of harelip, breastmole, supernumerary digits, negro’s
inkle, strawberry mark and portwine stain were alleged by one as a
<em>prima facie</em> and natural hypothetical explanation of those
swineheaded (the case of Madame Grissel Steevens was not forgotten) or
doghaired infants occasionally born. The hypothesis of a plasmic memory,
advanced by the Caledonian envoy and worthy of the metaphysical
traditions of the land he stood for, envisaged in such cases an arrest
of embryonic development at some stage antecedent to the human. An
outlandish delegate sustained against both these views, with such heat
as almost carried conviction, the theory of copulation between women and
the males of brutes, his authority being his own avouchment in support
of fables such as that of the Minotaur which the genius of the elegant
Latin poet has handed down to us in the pages of his Metamorphoses. The
impression made by his words was immediate but shortlived. It was
effaced as easily as it had been evoked by an allocution from Mr
Candidate Mulligan in that vein of pleasantry which none better than he
knew how to affect, postulating as the supremest object of desire a nice
clean old man. Contemporaneously, a heated argument having arisen
between Mr Delegate Madden and Mr Candidate Lynch regarding the
juridical and theological dilemma created in the event of one Siamese
twin predeceasing the other, the difficulty by mutual consent was
referred to Mr Canvasser Bloom for instant submittal to Mr Coadjutor
Deacon Dedalus. Hitherto silent, whether the better to show by
preternatural gravity that curious dignity of the garb with which he was
invested or in obedience to an inward voice, he delivered briefly and,
as some thought, perfunctorily the ecclesiastical ordinance forbidding
man to put asunder what God has joined.</p>
<p>But Malachias’ tale began to freeze them with horror. He conjured up
the scene before them. The secret panel beside the chimney slid back and
in the recess appeared... Haines! Which of us did not feel his flesh
creep! He had a portfolio full of Celtic literature in one hand, in the
other a phial marked <em>Poison.</em> Surprise, horror, loathing were
depicted on all faces while he eyed them with a ghostly grin. I
anticipated some such reception, he began with an eldritch laugh, for
which, it seems, history is to blame. Yes, it is true. I am the murderer
of Samuel Childs. And how I am punished! The inferno has no terrors for
me. This is the appearance is on me. Tare and ages, what way would I be
resting at all, he muttered thickly, and I tramping Dublin this while
back with my share of songs and himself after me the like of a soulth or
a bullawurrus? My hell, and Ireland’s, is in this life. It is what I
tried to obliterate my crime. Distractions, rookshooting, the Erse
language (he recited some), laudanum (he raised the phial to his lips),
camping out. In vain! His spectre stalks me. Dope is my only hope... Ah!
Destruction! The black panther! With a cry he suddenly vanished and the
panel slid back. An instant later his head appeared in the door opposite
and said: Meet me at Westland Row station at ten past eleven. He was
gone. Tears gushed from the eyes of the dissipated host. The seer raised
his hand to heaven, murmuring: The vendetta of Mananaun! The sage
repeated: <em>Lex talionis</em>. The sentimentalist is he who would
enjoy without incurring the immense debtorship for a thing done.
Malachias, overcome by emotion, ceased. The mystery was unveiled. Haines
was the third brother. His real name was Childs. The black panther was
himself the ghost of his own father. He drank drugs to obliterate. For
this relief much thanks. The lonely house by the graveyard is
uninhabited. No soul will live there. The spider pitches her web in the
solitude. The nocturnal rat peers from his hole. A curse is on it. It is
haunted. Murderer’s ground.</p>
<p>What is the age of the soul of man? As she hath the virtue of the
chameleon to change her hue at every new approach, to be gay with the
merry and mournful with the downcast, so too is her age changeable as
her mood. No longer is Leopold, as he sits there, ruminating, chewing
the cud of reminiscence, that staid agent of publicity and holder of a
modest substance in the funds. A score of years are blown away. He is
young Leopold. There, as in a retrospective arrangement, a mirror within
a mirror (hey, presto!), he beholdeth himself. That young figure of then
is seen, precociously manly, walking on a nipping morning from the old
house in Clanbrassil street to the high school, his booksatchel on him
bandolierwise, and in it a goodly hunk of wheaten loaf, a mother’s
thought. Or it is the same figure, a year or so gone over, in his first
hard hat (ah, that was a day!), already on the road, a fullfledged
traveller for the family firm, equipped with an orderbook, a scented
handkerchief (not for show only), his case of bright trinketware (alas!
a thing now of the past!) and a quiverful of compliant smiles for this
or that halfwon housewife reckoning it out upon her fingertips or for a
budding virgin, shyly acknowledging (but the heart? tell me!) his
studied baisemoins. The scent, the smile, but, more than these, the dark
eyes and oleaginous address, brought home at duskfall many a commission
to the head of the firm, seated with Jacob’s pipe after like labours in
the paternal ingle (a meal of noodles, you may be sure, is aheating),
reading through round horned spectacles some paper from the Europe of a
month before. But hey, presto, the mirror is breathed on and the young
knighterrant recedes, shrivels, dwindles to a tiny speck within the
mist. Now he is himself paternal and these about him might be his sons.
Who can say? The wise father knows his own child. He thinks of a
drizzling night in Hatch street, hard by the bonded stores there, the
first. Together (she is a poor waif, a child of shame, yours and mine
and of all for a bare shilling and her luckpenny), together they hear
the heavy tread of the watch as two raincaped shadows pass the new royal
university. Bridie! Bridie Kelly! He will never forget the name, ever
remember the night: first night, the bridenight. They are entwined in
nethermost darkness, the willer with the willed, and in an instant
(<em>fiat!</em>) light shall flood the world. Did heart leap to heart?
Nay, fair reader. In a breath ’twas done but—hold! Back! It must not be!
In terror the poor girl flees away through the murk. She is the bride of
darkness, a daughter of night. She dare not bear the sunnygolden babe of
day. No, Leopold. Name and memory solace thee not. That youthful
illusion of thy strength was taken from thee—and in vain. No son of thy
loins is by thee. There is none now to be for Leopold, what Leopold was
for Rudolph.</p>
<p>The voices blend and fuse in clouded silence: silence that is the
infinite of space: and swiftly, silently the soul is wafted over regions
of cycles of generations that have lived. A region where grey twilight
ever descends, never falls on wide sagegreen pasturefields, shedding her
dusk, scattering a perennial dew of stars. She follows her mother with
ungainly steps, a mare leading her fillyfoal. Twilight phantoms are
they, yet moulded in prophetic grace of structure, slim shapely
haunches, a supple tendonous neck, the meek apprehensive skull. They
fade, sad phantoms: all is gone. Agendath is a waste land, a home of
screechowls and the sandblind upupa. Netaim, the golden, is no more. And
on the highway of the clouds they come, muttering thunder of rebellion,
the ghosts of beasts. Huuh! Hark! Huuh! Parallax stalks behind and goads
them, the lancinating lightnings of whose brow are scorpions. Elk and
yak, the bulls of Bashan and of Babylon, mammoth and mastodon, they come
trooping to the sunken sea, <em>Lacus Mortis</em>. Ominous revengeful
zodiacal host! They moan, passing upon the clouds, horned and
capricorned, the trumpeted with the tusked, the lionmaned, the
giantantlered, snouter and crawler, rodent, ruminant and pachyderm, all
their moving moaning multitude, murderers of the sun.</p>
<p>Onward to the dead sea they tramp to drink, unslaked and with
horrible gulpings, the salt somnolent inexhaustible flood. And the
equine portent grows again, magnified in the deserted heavens, nay to
heaven’s own magnitude, till it looms, vast, over the house of Virgo.
And lo, wonder of metempsychosis, it is she, the everlasting bride,
harbinger of the daystar, the bride, ever virgin. It is she, Martha,
thou lost one, Millicent, the young, the dear, the radiant. How serene
does she now arise, a queen among the Pleiades, in the penultimate
antelucan hour, shod in sandals of bright gold, coifed with a veil of
what do you call it gossamer. It floats, it flows about her starborn
flesh and loose it streams, emerald, sapphire, mauve and heliotrope,
sustained on currents of the cold interstellar wind, winding, coiling,
simply swirling, writhing in the skies a mysterious writing till, after
a myriad metamorphoses of symbol, it blazes, Alpha, a ruby and triangled
sign upon the forehead of Taurus.</p>
</section>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-16.htm.html_pgepubid00080"
class="chapter">
<p>Francis was reminding Stephen of years before when they had been at
school together in Conmee’s time. He asked about Glaucon, Alcibiades,
Pisistratus. Where were they now? Neither knew. You have spoken of the
past and its phantoms, Stephen said. Why think of them? If I call them
into life across the waters of Lethe will not the poor ghosts troop to
my call? Who supposes it? I, Bous Stephanoumenos, bullockbefriending
bard, am lord and giver of their life. He encircled his gadding hair
with a coronal of vineleaves, smiling at Vincent. That answer and those
leaves, Vincent said to him, will adorn you more fitly when something
more, and greatly more, than a capful of light odes can call your genius
father. All who wish you well hope this for you. All desire to see you
bring forth the work you meditate, to acclaim you Stephaneforos. I
heartily wish you may not fail them. O no, Vincent Lenehan said, laying
a hand on the shoulder near him. Have no fear. He could not leave his
mother an orphan. The young man’s face grew dark. All could see how hard
it was for him to be reminded of his promise and of his recent loss. He
would have withdrawn from the feast had not the noise of voices allayed
the smart. Madden had lost five drachmas on Sceptre for a whim of the
rider’s name: Lenehan as much more. He told them of the race. The flag
fell and, huuh! off, scamper, the mare ran out freshly with O. Madden
up. She was leading the field. All hearts were beating. Even Phyllis
could not contain herself. She waved her scarf and cried: Huzzah!
Sceptre wins! But in the straight on the run home when all were in close
order the dark horse Throwaway drew level, reached, outstripped her. All
was lost now. Phyllis was silent: her eyes were sad anemones. Juno, she
cried, I am undone. But her lover consoled her and brought her a bright
casket of gold in which lay some oval sugarplums which she partook. A
tear fell: one only. A whacking fine whip, said Lenehan, is W. Lane.
Four winners yesterday and three today. What rider is like him? Mount
him on the camel or the boisterous buffalo the victory in a hack canter
is still his. But let us bear it as was the ancient wont. Mercy on the
luckless! Poor Sceptre! he said with a light sigh. She is not the filly
that she was. Never, by this hand, shall we behold such another. By gad,
sir, a queen of them. Do you remember her, Vincent? I wish you could
have seen my queen today, Vincent said. How young she was and radiant
(Lalage were scarce fair beside her) in her yellow shoes and frock of
muslin, I do not know the right name of it. The chestnuts that shaded us
were in bloom: the air drooped with their persuasive odour and with
pollen floating by us. In the sunny patches one might easily have cooked
on a stone a batch of those buns with Corinth fruit in them that
Periplipomenes sells in his booth near the bridge. But she had nought
for her teeth but the arm with which I held her and in that she nibbled
mischievously when I pressed too close. A week ago she lay ill, four
days on the couch, but today she was free, blithe, mocked at peril. She
is more taking then. Her posies too! Mad romp that she is, she had
pulled her fill as we reclined together. And in your ear, my friend, you
will not think who met us as we left the field. Conmee himself! He was
walking by the hedge, reading, I think a brevier book with, I doubt not,
a witty letter in it from Glycera or Chloe to keep the page. The sweet
creature turned all colours in her confusion, feigning to reprove a
slight disorder in her dress: a slip of underwood clung there for the
very trees adore her. When Conmee had passed she glanced at her lovely
echo in that little mirror she carries. But he had been kind. In going
by he had blessed us. The gods too are ever kind, Lenehan said. If I had
poor luck with Bass’s mare perhaps this draught of his may serve me more
propensely. He was laying his hand upon a winejar: Malachi saw it and
withheld his act, pointing to the stranger and to the scarlet label.
Warily, Malachi whispered, preserve a druid silence. His soul is far
away. It is as painful perhaps to be awakened from a vision as to be
born. Any object, intensely regarded, may be a gate of access to the
incorruptible eon of the gods. Do you not think it, Stephen? Theosophos
told me so, Stephen answered, whom in a previous existence Egyptian
priests initiated into the mysteries of karmic law. The lords of the
moon, Theosophos told me, an orangefiery shipload from planet Alpha of
the lunar chain would not assume the etheric doubles and these were
therefore incarnated by the rubycoloured egos from the second
constellation.</p>
<p>However, as a matter of fact though, the preposterous surmise about
him being in some description of a doldrums or other or mesmerised which
was entirely due to a misconception of the shallowest character, was not
the case at all. The individual whose visual organs while the above was
going on were at this juncture commencing to exhibit symptoms of
animation was as astute if not astuter than any man living and anybody
that conjectured the contrary would have found themselves pretty
speedily in the wrong shop. During the past four minutes or thereabouts
he had been staring hard at a certain amount of number one Bass bottled
by Messrs Bass and Co at Burton-on-Trent which happened to be situated
amongst a lot of others right opposite to where he was and which was
certainly calculated to attract anyone’s remark on account of its
scarlet appearance. He was simply and solely, as it subsequently
transpired for reasons best known to himself, which put quite an
altogether different complexion on the proceedings, after the moment
before’s observations about boyhood days and the turf, recollecting two
or three private transactions of his own which the other two were as
mutually innocent of as the babe unborn. Eventually, however, both their
eyes met and as soon as it began to dawn on him that the other was
endeavouring to help himself to the thing he involuntarily determined to
help him himself and so he accordingly took hold of the neck of the
mediumsized glass recipient which contained the fluid sought after and
made a capacious hole in it by pouring a lot of it out with, also at the
same time, however, a considerable degree of attentiveness in order not
to upset any of the beer that was in it about the place.</p>
<p>The debate which ensued was in its scope and progress an epitome of
the course of life. Neither place nor council was lacking in dignity.
The debaters were the keenest in the land, the theme they were engaged
on the loftiest and most vital. The high hall of Horne’s house had never
beheld an assembly so representative and so varied nor had the old
rafters of that establishment ever listened to a language so
encyclopaedic. A gallant scene in truth it made. Crotthers was there at
the foot of the table in his striking Highland garb, his face glowing
from the briny airs of the Mull of Galloway. There too, opposite to him,
was Lynch whose countenance bore already the stigmata of early depravity
and premature wisdom. Next the Scotchman was the place assigned to
Costello, the eccentric, while at his side was seated in stolid repose
the squat form of Madden. The chair of the resident indeed stood vacant
before the hearth but on either flank of it the figure of Bannon in
explorer’s kit of tweed shorts and salted cowhide brogues contrasted
sharply with the primrose elegance and townbred manners of Malachi
Roland St John Mulligan. Lastly at the head of the board was the young
poet who found a refuge from his labours of pedagogy and metaphysical
inquisition in the convivial atmosphere of Socratic discussion, while to
right and left of him were accommodated the flippant prognosticator,
fresh from the hippodrome, and that vigilant wanderer, soiled by the
dust of travel and combat and stained by the mire of an indelible
dishonour, but from whose steadfast and constant heart no lure or peril
or threat or degradation could ever efface the image of that voluptuous
loveliness which the inspired pencil of Lafayette has limned for ages
yet to come.</p>
<p>It had better be stated here and now at the outset that the perverted
transcendentalism to which Mr S. Dedalus’ (Div. Scep.) contentions would
appear to prove him pretty badly addicted runs directly counter to
accepted scientific methods. Science, it cannot be too often repeated,
deals with tangible phenomena. The man of science like the man in the
street has to face hardheaded facts that cannot be blinked and explain
them as best he can. There may be, it is true, some questions which
science cannot answer—at present—such as the first problem submitted by
Mr L. Bloom (Pubb. Canv.) regarding the future determination of sex.
Must we accept the view of Empedocles of Trinacria that the right ovary
(the postmenstrual period, assert others) is responsible for the birth
of males or are the too long neglected spermatozoa or nemasperms the
differentiating factors or is it, as most embryologists incline to
opine, such as Culpepper, Spallanzani, Blumenbach, Lusk, Hertwig,
Leopold and Valenti, a mixture of both? This would be tantamount to a
cooperation (one of nature’s favourite devices) between the <em>nisus
formativus</em> of the nemasperm on the one hand and on the other a
happily chosen position, <em>succubitus felix</em>, of the passive
element. The other problem raised by the same inquirer is scarcely less
vital: infant mortality. It is interesting because, as he pertinently
remarks, we are all born in the same way but we all die in different
ways. Mr M. Mulligan (Hyg. et Eug. Doc.) blames the sanitary conditions
in which our greylunged citizens contract adenoids, pulmonary complaints
etc. by inhaling the bacteria which lurk in dust. These factors, he
alleged, and the revolting spectacles offered by our streets, hideous
publicity posters, religious ministers of all denominations, mutilated
soldiers and sailors, exposed scorbutic cardrivers, the suspended
carcases of dead animals, paranoic bachelors and unfructified
duennas—these, he said, were accountable for any and every fallingoff in
the calibre of the race. Kalipedia, he prophesied, would soon be
generally adopted and all the graces of life, genuinely good music,
agreeable literature, light philosophy, instructive pictures,
plastercast reproductions of the classical statues such as Venus and
Apollo, artistic coloured photographs of prize babies, all these little
attentions would enable ladies who were in a particular condition to
pass the intervening months in a most enjoyable manner. Mr J. Crotthers
(Disc. Bacc.) attributes some of these demises to abdominal trauma in
the case of women workers subjected to heavy labours in the workshop and
to marital discipline in the home but by far the vast majority to
neglect, private or official, culminating in the exposure of newborn
infants, the practice of criminal abortion or in the atrocious crime of
infanticide. Although the former (we are thinking of neglect) is
undoubtedly only too true the case he cites of nurses forgetting to
count the sponges in the peritoneal cavity is too rare to be normative.
In fact when one comes to look into it the wonder is that so many
pregnancies and deliveries go off so well as they do, all things
considered and in spite of our human shortcomings which often baulk
nature in her intentions. An ingenious suggestion is that thrown out by
Mr V. Lynch (Bacc. Arith.) that both natality and mortality, as well as
all other phenomena of evolution, tidal movements, lunar phases, blood
temperatures, diseases in general, everything, in fine, in nature’s vast
workshop from the extinction of some remote sun to the blossoming of one
of the countless flowers which beautify our public parks is subject to a
law of numeration as yet unascertained. Still the plain straightforward
question why a child of normally healthy parents and seemingly a healthy
child and properly looked after succumbs unaccountably in early
childhood (though other children of the same marriage do not) must
certainly, in the poet’s words, give us pause. Nature, we may rest
assured, has her own good and cogent reasons for whatever she does and
in all probability such deaths are due to some law of anticipation by
which organisms in which morbous germs have taken up their residence
(modern science has conclusively shown that only the plasmic substance
can be said to be immortal) tend to disappear at an increasingly earlier
stage of development, an arrangement which, though productive of pain to
some of our feelings (notably the maternal), is nevertheless, some of us
think, in the long run beneficial to the race in general in securing
thereby the survival of the fittest. Mr S. Dedalus’ (Div. Scep.) remark
(or should it be called an interruption?) that an omnivorous being which
can masticate, deglute, digest and apparently pass through the ordinary
channel with pluterperfect imperturbability such multifarious aliments
as cancrenous females emaciated by parturition, corpulent professional
gentlemen, not to speak of jaundiced politicians and chlorotic nuns,
might possibly find gastric relief in an innocent collation of
staggering bob, reveals as nought else could and in a very unsavoury
light the tendency above alluded to. For the enlightenment of those who
are not so intimately acquainted with the minutiae of the municipal
abattoir as this morbidminded esthete and embryo philosopher who for all
his overweening bumptiousness in things scientific can scarcely
distinguish an acid from an alkali prides himself on being, it should
perhaps be stated that staggering bob in the vile parlance of our
lowerclass licensed victuallers signifies the cookable and eatable flesh
of a calf newly dropped from its mother. In a recent public controversy
with Mr L. Bloom (Pubb. Canv.) which took place in the commons’ hall of
the National Maternity Hospital, 29, 30 and 31 Holles street, of which,
as is well known, Dr A. Horne (Lic. in Midw., F. K. Q. C. P. I.) is the
able and popular master, he is reported by eyewitnesses as having stated
that once a woman has let the cat into the bag (an esthete’s allusion,
presumably, to one of the most complicated and marvellous of all
nature’s processes—the act of sexual congress) she must let it out again
or give it life, as he phrased it, to save her own. At the risk of her
own, was the telling rejoinder of his interlocutor, none the less
effective for the moderate and measured tone in which it was
delivered.</p>
<p>Meanwhile the skill and patience of the physician had brought about a
happy <em>accouchement.</em> It had been a weary weary while both for
patient and doctor. All that surgical skill could do was done and the
brave woman had manfully helped. She had. She had fought the good fight
and now she was very very happy. Those who have passed on, who have gone
before, are happy too as they gaze down and smile upon the touching
scene. Reverently look at her as she reclines there with the motherlight
in her eyes, that longing hunger for baby fingers (a pretty sight it is
to see), in the first bloom of her new motherhood, breathing a silent
prayer of thanksgiving to One above, the Universal Husband. And as her
loving eyes behold her babe she wishes only one blessing more, to have
her dear Doady there with her to share her joy, to lay in his arms that
mite of God’s clay, the fruit of their lawful embraces. He is older now
(you and I may whisper it) and a trifle stooped in the shoulders yet in
the whirligig of years a grave dignity has come to the conscientious
second accountant of the Ulster bank, College Green branch. O Doady,
loved one of old, faithful lifemate now, it may never be again, that
faroff time of the roses! With the old shake of her pretty head she
recalls those days. God! How beautiful now across the mist of years! But
their children are grouped in her imagination about the bedside, hers
and his, Charley, Mary Alice, Frederick Albert (if he had lived), Mamy,
Budgy (Victoria Frances), Tom, Violet Constance Louisa, darling little
Bobsy (called after our famous hero of the South African war, lord Bobs
of Waterford and Candahar) and now this last pledge of their union, a
Purefoy if ever there was one, with the true Purefoy nose. Young hopeful
will be christened Mortimer Edward after the influential third cousin of
Mr Purefoy in the Treasury Remembrancer’s office, Dublin Castle. And so
time wags on: but father Cronion has dealt lightly here. No, let no sigh
break from that bosom, dear gentle Mina. And Doady, knock the ashes from
your pipe, the seasoned briar you still fancy when the curfew rings for
you (may it be the distant day!) and dout the light whereby you read in
the Sacred Book for the oil too has run low, and so with a tranquil
heart to bed, to rest. He knows and will call in His own good time. You
too have fought the good fight and played loyally your man’s part. Sir,
to you my hand. Well done, thou good and faithful servant!</p>
<p>There are sins or (let us call them as the world calls them) evil
memories which are hidden away by man in the darkest places of the heart
but they abide there and wait. He may suffer their memory to grow dim,
let them be as though they had not been and all but persuade himself
that they were not or at least were otherwise. Yet a chance word will
call them forth suddenly and they will rise up to confront him in the
most various circumstances, a vision or a dream, or while timbrel and
harp soothe his senses or amid the cool silver tranquility of the
evening or at the feast, at midnight, when he is now filled with wine.
Not to insult over him will the vision come as over one that lies under
her wrath, not for vengeance to cut him off from the living but shrouded
in the piteous vesture of the past, silent, remote, reproachful.</p>
<p>The stranger still regarded on the face before him a slow recession
of that false calm there, imposed, as it seemed, by habit or some
studied trick, upon words so embittered as to accuse in their speaker an
unhealthiness, a <em>flair,</em> for the cruder things of life. A scene
disengages itself in the observer’s memory, evoked, it would seem, by a
word of so natural a homeliness as if those days were really present
there (as some thought) with their immediate pleasures. A shaven space
of lawn one soft May evening, the wellremembered grove of lilacs at
Roundtown, purple and white, fragrant slender spectators of the game but
with much real interest in the pellets as they run slowly forward over
the sward or collide and stop, one by its fellow, with a brief alert
shock. And yonder about that grey urn where the water moves at times in
thoughtful irrigation you saw another as fragrant sisterhood, Floey,
Atty, Tiny and their darker friend with I know not what of arresting in
her pose then, Our Lady of the Cherries, a comely brace of them pendent
from an ear, bringing out the foreign warmth of the skin so daintily
against the cool ardent fruit. A lad of four or five in linseywoolsey
(blossomtime but there will be cheer in the kindly hearth when ere long
the bowls are gathered and hutched) is standing on the urn secured by
that circle of girlish fond hands. He frowns a little just as this young
man does now with a perhaps too conscious enjoyment of the danger but
must needs glance at whiles towards where his mother watches from the
<em>piazzetta</em> giving upon the flowerclose with a faint shadow of
remoteness or of reproach (<em>alles Vergängliche</em>) in her glad
look.</p>
<p>Mark this farther and remember. The end comes suddenly. Enter that
antechamber of birth where the studious are assembled and note their
faces. Nothing, as it seems, there of rash or violent. Quietude of
custody, rather, befitting their station in that house, the vigilant
watch of shepherds and of angels about a crib in Bethlehem of Juda long
ago. But as before the lightning the serried stormclouds, heavy with
preponderant excess of moisture, in swollen masses turgidly distended,
compass earth and sky in one vast slumber, impending above parched field
and drowsy oxen and blighted growth of shrub and verdure till in an
instant a flash rives their centres and with the reverberation of the
thunder the cloudburst pours its torrent, so and not otherwise was the
transformation, violent and instantaneous, upon the utterance of the
word.</p>
<p>Burke’s! outflings my lord Stephen, giving the cry, and a tag and
bobtail of all them after, cockerel, jackanapes, welsher, pilldoctor,
punctual Bloom at heels with a universal grabbing at headgear,
ashplants, bilbos, Panama hats and scabbards, Zermatt alpenstocks and
what not. A dedale of lusty youth, noble every student there. Nurse
Callan taken aback in the hallway cannot stay them nor smiling surgeon
coming downstairs with news of placentation ended, a full pound if a
milligramme. They hark him on. The door! It is open? Ha! They are out,
tumultuously, off for a minute’s race, all bravely legging it, Burke’s
of Denzille and Holles their ulterior goal. Dixon follows giving them
sharp language but raps out an oath, he too, and on. Bloom stays with
nurse a thought to send a kind word to happy mother and nurseling up
there. Doctor Diet and Doctor Quiet. Looks she too not other now? Ward
of watching in Horne’s house has told its tale in that washedout pallor.
Then all being gone, a glance of motherwit helping, he whispers close in
going: Madam, when comes the storkbird for thee?</p>
<p>The air without is impregnated with raindew moisture, life essence
celestial, glistening on Dublin stone there under starshiny
<em>coelum.</em> God’s air, the Allfather’s air, scintillant
circumambient cessile air. Breathe it deep into thee. By heaven,
Theodore Purefoy, thou hast done a doughty deed and no botch! Thou art,
I vow, the remarkablest progenitor barring none in this chaffering
allincluding most farraginous chronicle. Astounding! In her lay a
Godframed Godgiven preformed possibility which thou hast fructified with
thy modicum of man’s work. Cleave to her! Serve! Toil on, labour like a
very bandog and let scholarment and all Malthusiasts go hang. Thou art
all their daddies, Theodore. Art drooping under thy load, bemoiled with
butcher’s bills at home and ingots (not thine!) in the countinghouse?
Head up! For every newbegotten thou shalt gather thy homer of ripe
wheat. See, thy fleece is drenched. Dost envy Darby Dullman there with
his Joan? A canting jay and a rheumeyed curdog is all their progeny.
Pshaw, I tell thee! He is a mule, a dead gasteropod, without vim or
stamina, not worth a cracked kreutzer. Copulation without population!
No, say I! Herod’s slaughter of the innocents were the truer name.
Vegetables, forsooth, and sterile cohabitation! Give her beefsteaks,
red, raw, bleeding! She is a hoary pandemonium of ills, enlarged glands,
mumps, quinsy, bunions, hayfever, bedsores, ringworm, floating kidney,
Derbyshire neck, warts, bilious attacks, gallstones, cold feet, varicose
veins. A truce to threnes and trentals and jeremies and all such
congenital defunctive music! Twenty years of it, regret them not. With
thee it was not as with many that will and would and wait and never—do.
Thou sawest thy America, thy lifetask, and didst charge to cover like
the transpontine bison. How saith Zarathustra? <em>Deine Kuh Trübsal
melkest Du. Nun Trinkst Du die süsse Milch des Euters</em>. See! it
displodes for thee in abundance. Drink, man, an udderful! Mother’s milk,
Purefoy, the milk of human kin, milk too of those burgeoning stars
overhead rutilant in thin rainvapour, punch milk, such as those rioters
will quaff in their guzzling den, milk of madness, the honeymilk of
Canaan’s land. Thy cow’s dug was tough, what? Ay, but her milk is hot
and sweet and fattening. No dollop this but thick rich bonnyclaber. To
her, old patriarch! Pap! <em>Per deam Partulam et Pertundam nunc est
bibendum!</em></p>
<p>All off for a buster, armstrong, hollering down the street.
Bonafides. Where you slep las nigh? Timothy of the battered naggin. Like
ole Billyo. Any brollies or gumboots in the fambly? Where the Henry
Nevil’s sawbones and ole clo? Sorra one o’ me knows. Hurrah there, Dix!
Forward to the ribbon counter. Where’s Punch? All serene. Jay, look at
the drunken minister coming out of the maternity hospal! <em>Benedicat
vos omnipotens Deus, Pater et Filius</em>. A make, mister. The Denzille
lane boys. Hell, blast ye! Scoot. Righto, Isaacs, shove em out of the
bleeding limelight. Yous join uz, dear sir? No hentrusion in life. Lou
heap good man. Allee samee dis bunch. <em>En avant, mes enfants!</em>
Fire away number one on the gun. Burke’s! Burke’s! Thence they advanced
five parasangs. Slattery’s mounted foot. Where’s that bleeding awfur?
Parson Steve, apostates’ creed! No, no, Mulligan! Abaft there! Shove
ahead. Keep a watch on the clock. Chuckingout time. Mullee! What’s on
you? <em>Ma mère m’a mariée.</em> British Beatitudes! <em>Retamplatan
digidi boumboum</em>. Ayes have it. To be printed and bound at the
Druiddrum press by two designing females. Calf covers of pissedon green.
Last word in art shades. Most beautiful book come out of Ireland my
time. <em>Silentium!</em> Get a spurt on. Tention. Proceed to nearest
canteen and there annex liquor stores. March! Tramp, tramp, tramp, the
boys are (attitudes!) parching. Beer, beef, business, bibles, bulldogs
battleships, buggery and bishops. Whether on the scaffold high. Beer,
beef, trample the bibles. When for Irelandear. Trample the trampellers.
Thunderation! Keep the durned millingtary step. We fall. Bishops
boosebox. Halt! Heave to. Rugger. Scrum in. No touch kicking. Wow, my
tootsies! You hurt? Most amazingly sorry!</p>
<p>Query. Who’s astanding this here do? Proud possessor of damnall.
Declare misery. Bet to the ropes. Me nantee saltee. Not a red at me this
week gone. Yours? Mead of our fathers for the <em>Übermensch.</em>
Dittoh. Five number ones. You, sir? Ginger cordial. Chase me, the
cabby’s caudle. Stimulate the caloric. Winding of his ticker. Stopped
short never to go again when the old. Absinthe for me, savvy?
<em>Caramba!</em> Have an eggnog or a prairie oyster. Enemy? Avuncular’s
got my timepiece. Ten to. Obligated awful. Don’t mention it. Got a
pectoral trauma, eh, Dix? Pos fact. Got bet be a boomblebee whenever he
wus settin sleepin in hes bit garten. Digs up near the Mater. Buckled he
is. Know his dona? Yup, sartin I do. Full of a dure. See her in her
dishybilly. Peels off a credit. Lovey lovekin. None of your lean kine,
not much. Pull down the blind, love. Two Ardilauns. Same here. Look
slippery. If you fall don’t wait to get up. Five, seven, nine. Fine! Got
a prime pair of mincepies, no kid. And her take me to rests and her
anker of rum. Must be seen to be believed. Your starving eyes and
allbeplastered neck you stole my heart, O gluepot. Sir? Spud again the
rheumatiz? All poppycock, you’ll scuse me saying. For the hoi polloi. I
vear thee beest a gert vool. Well, doc? Back fro Lapland? Your
corporosity sagaciating O K? How’s the squaws and papooses? Womanbody
after going on the straw? Stand and deliver. Password. There’s hair.
Ours the white death and the ruddy birth. Hi! Spit in your own eye,
boss! Mummer’s wire. Cribbed out of Meredith. Jesified, orchidised,
polycimical jesuit! Aunty mine’s writing Pa Kinch. Baddybad Stephen lead
astray goodygood Malachi.</p>
<p>Hurroo! Collar the leather, youngun. Roun wi the nappy. Here, Jock
braw Hielentman’s your barleybree. Lang may your lum reek and your
kailpot boil! My tipple. <em>Merci.</em> Here’s to us. How’s that? Leg
before wicket. Don’t stain my brandnew sitinems. Give’s a shake of
peppe, you there. Catch aholt. Caraway seed to carry away. Twig? Shrieks
of silence. Every cove to his gentry mort. Venus Pandemos. <em>Les
petites femmes</em>. Bold bad girl from the town of Mullingar. Tell her
I was axing at her. Hauding Sara by the wame. On the road to Malahide.
Me? If she who seduced me had left but the name. What do you want for
ninepence? Machree, macruiskeen. Smutty Moll for a mattress jig. And a
pull all together. <em>Ex!</em></p>
<p>Waiting, guvnor? Most deciduously. Bet your boots on. Stunned like,
seeing as how no shiners is acoming. Underconstumble? He’ve got the
chink <em>ad lib</em>. Seed near free poun on un a spell ago a said war
hisn. Us come right in on your invite, see? Up to you, matey. Out with
the oof. Two bar and a wing. You larn that go off of they there Frenchy
bilks? Won’t wash here for nuts nohow. Lil chile velly solly. Ise de
cutest colour coon down our side. Gawds teruth, Chawley. We are nae fou.
We’re nae tha fou. Au reservoir, mossoo. Tanks you.</p>
<p>’Tis, sure. What say? In the speakeasy. Tight. I shee you, shir.
Bantam, two days teetee. Bowsing nowt but claretwine. Garn! Have a
glint, do. Gum, I’m jiggered. And been to barber he have. Too full for
words. With a railway bloke. How come you so? Opera he’d like? Rose of
Castile. Rows of cast. Police! Some H<sub>2</sub>O for a gent fainted.
Look at Bantam’s flowers. Gemini. He’s going to holler. The colleen
bawn. My colleen bawn. O, cheese it! Shut his blurry Dutch oven with a
firm hand. Had the winner today till I tipped him a dead cert. The
ruffin cly the nab of Stephen Hand as give me the jady coppaleen. He
strike a telegramboy paddock wire big bug Bass to the depot. Shove him a
joey and grahamise. Mare on form hot order. Guinea to a goosegog. Tell a
cram, that. Gospeltrue. Criminal diversion? I think that yes. Sure
thing. Land him in chokeechokee if the harman beck copped the game.
Madden back Madden’s a maddening back. O lust our refuge and our
strength. Decamping. Must you go? Off to mammy. Stand by. Hide my
blushes someone. All in if he spots me. Come ahome, our Bantam.
Horryvar, mong vioo. Dinna forget the cowslips for hersel. Cornfide. Wha
gev ye thon colt? Pal to pal. Jannock. Of John Thomas, her spouse. No
fake, old man Leo. S’elp me, honest injun. Shiver my timbers if I had.
There’s a great big holy friar. Vyfor you no me tell? Vel, I ses, if
that aint a sheeny nachez, vel, I vil get misha mishinnah. Through yerd
our lord, Amen.</p>
<p>You move a motion? Steve boy, you’re going it some. More bluggy
drunkables? Will immensely splendiferous stander permit one stooder of
most extreme poverty and one largesize grandacious thirst to terminate
one expensive inaugurated libation? Give’s a breather. Landlord,
landlord, have you good wine, staboo? Hoots, mon, a wee drap to pree.
Cut and come again. Right. Boniface! Absinthe the lot. <em>Nos omnes
biberimus viridum toxicum diabolus capiat posterioria nostria</em>.
Closingtime, gents. Eh? Rome boose for the Bloom toff. I hear you say
onions? Bloo? Cadges ads. Photo’s papli, by all that’s gorgeous. Play
low, pardner. Slide. <em>Bonsoir la compagnie</em>. And snares of the
poxfiend. Where’s the buck and Namby Amby? Skunked? Leg bail. Aweel, ye
maun e’en gang yer gates. Checkmate. King to tower. Kind Kristyann wil
yu help yung man hoose frend tuk bungellow kee tu find plais whear tu
lay crown of his hed 2 night. Crickey, I’m about sprung. Tarnally dog
gone my shins if this beent the bestest puttiest longbreak yet. Item,
curate, couple of cookies for this child. Cot’s plood and prandypalls,
none! Not a pite of sheeses? Thrust syphilis down to hell and with him
those other licensed spirits. Time, gents! Who wander through the world.
Health all! <em>À la vôtre</em>!</p>
<p>Golly, whatten tunket’s yon guy in the mackintosh? Dusty Rhodes. Peep
at his wearables. By mighty! What’s he got? Jubilee mutton. Bovril, by
James. Wants it real bad. D’ye ken bare socks? Seedy cuss in the
Richmond? Rawthere! Thought he had a deposit of lead in his penis.
Trumpery insanity. Bartle the Bread we calls him. That, sir, was once a
prosperous cit. Man all tattered and torn that married a maiden all
forlorn. Slung her hook, she did. Here see lost love. Walking Mackintosh
of lonely canyon. Tuck and turn in. Schedule time. Nix for the hornies.
Pardon? Seen him today at a runefal? Chum o’ yourn passed in his checks?
Ludamassy! Pore piccaninnies! Thou’ll no be telling me thot, Pold veg!
Did ums blubble bigsplash crytears cos fren Padney was took off in black
bag? Of all de darkies Massa Pat was verra best. I never see the like
since I was born. <em>Tiens, tiens</em>, but it is well sad, that, my
faith, yes. O, get, rev on a gradient one in nine. Live axle drives are
souped. Lay you two to one Jenatzy licks him ruddy well hollow. Jappies?
High angle fire, inyah! Sunk by war specials. Be worse for him, says he,
nor any Rooshian. Time all. There’s eleven of them. Get ye gone.
Forward, woozy wobblers! Night. Night. May Allah the Excellent One your
soul this night ever tremendously conserve.</p>
<p>Your attention! We’re nae tha fou. The Leith police dismisseth us.
The least tholice. Ware hawks for the chap puking. Unwell in his
abominable regions. Yooka. Night. Mona, my true love. Yook. Mona, my own
love. Ook.</p>
<p>Hark! Shut your obstropolos. Pflaap! Pflaap! Blaze on. There she
goes. Brigade! Bout ship. Mount street way. Cut up! Pflaap! Tally ho.
You not come? Run, skelter, race. Pflaaaap!</p>
<p>Lynch! Hey? Sign on long o’ me. Denzille lane this way. Change here
for Bawdyhouse. We two, she said, will seek the kips where shady Mary
is. Righto, any old time. <em>Laetabuntur in cubilibus suis</em>. You
coming long? Whisper, who the sooty hell’s the johnny in the black duds?
Hush! Sinned against the light and even now that day is at hand when he
shall come to judge the world by fire. Pflaap! <em>Ut implerentur
scripturae</em>. Strike up a ballad. Then outspake medical Dick to his
comrade medical Davy. Christicle, who’s this excrement yellow gospeller
on the Merrion hall? Elijah is coming! Washed in the blood of the Lamb.
Come on you winefizzling, ginsizzling, booseguzzling existences! Come
on, you dog-gone, bullnecked, beetlebrowed, hogjowled, peanutbrained,
weaseleyed fourflushers, false alarms and excess baggage! Come on, you
triple extract of infamy! Alexander J Christ Dowie, that’s my name,
that’s yanked to glory most half this planet from Frisco beach to
Vladivostok. The Deity aint no nickel dime bumshow. I put it to you that
He’s on the square and a corking fine business proposition. He’s the
grandest thing yet and don’t you forget it. Shout salvation in King
Jesus. You’ll need to rise precious early, you sinner there, if you want
to diddle the Almighty God. Pflaaaap! Not half. He’s got a coughmixture
with a punch in it for you, my friend, in his back pocket. Just you try
it on.</p>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-17.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-17.htm.html_pgepubid00081"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-17.htm.html_chap15"></span>[ 15
]</h3>
<p><em>(The Mabbot street entrance of nighttown, before which stretches
an uncobbled tramsiding set with skeleton tracks, red and green
will-o’-the-wisps and danger signals. Rows of grimy houses with gaping
doors. Rare lamps with faint rainbow fans. Round Rabaiotti’s halted ice
gondola stunted men and women squabble. They grab wafers between which
are wedged lumps of coral and copper snow. Sucking, they scatter slowly.
Children. The swancomb of the gondola, highreared, forges on through the
murk, white and blue under a lighthouse. Whistles call and
answer.)</em></p>
<p>THE CALLS: Wait, my love, and I’ll be with you.</p>
<p>THE ANSWERS: Round behind the stable.</p>
<p><em>(A deafmute idiot with goggle eyes, his shapeless mouth
dribbling, jerks past, shaken in Saint Vitus’ dance. A chain of children
’s hands imprisons him.)</em></p>
<p>THE CHILDREN: Kithogue! Salute!</p>
<p>THE IDIOT: <em>(Lifts a palsied left arm and gurgles.)</em>
Grhahute!</p>
<p>THE CHILDREN: Where’s the great light?</p>
<p>THE IDIOT: <em>(Gobbling.)</em> Ghaghahest.</p>
<p><em>(They release him. He jerks on. A pigmy woman swings on a rope
slung between two railings, counting. A form sprawled against a dustbin
and muffled by its arm and hat snores, groans, grinding growling teeth,
and snores again. On a step a gnome totting among a rubbishtip crouches
to shoulder a sack of rags and bones. A crone standing by with a smoky
oillamp rams her last bottle in the maw of his sack. He heaves his
booty, tugs askew his peaked cap and hobbles off mutely. The crone makes
back for her lair, swaying her lamp. A bandy child, asquat on the
doorstep with a paper shuttlecock, crawls sidling after her in spurts,
clutches her skirt, scrambles up. A drunken navvy grips with both hands
the railings of an area, lurching heavily. At a corner two night watch
in shouldercapes, their hands upon their staffholsters, loom tall. A
plate crashes: a woman screams: a child wails. Oaths of a man roar,
mutter, cease. Figures wander, lurk, peer from warrens. In a room lit by
a candle stuck in a bottleneck a slut combs out the tatts from the hair
of a scrofulous child. Cissy Caffrey’s voice, still young, sings shrill
from a lane.)</em></p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY:</p>
<p>I gave it to Molly<br />
Because she was jolly,<br />
The leg of the duck,<br />
The leg of the duck.</p>
<p><em>(Private Carr and Private Compton, swaggersticks tight in their
oxters, as they march unsteadily rightaboutface and burst together from
their mouths a volleyed fart. Laughter of men from the lane. A hoarse
virago retorts.)</em></p>
<p>THE VIRAGO: Signs on you, hairy arse. More power the Cavan girl.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: More luck to me. Cavan, Cootehill and Belturbet.
<em>(She sings.)</em></p>
<p>I gave it to Nelly<br />
To stick in her belly,<br />
The leg of the duck,<br />
The leg of the duck.</p>
<p><em>(Private Carr and Private Compton turn and counterretort, their
tunics bloodbright in a lampglow, black sockets of caps on their blond
cropped polls. Stephen Dedalus and Lynch pass through the crowd close to
the redcoats.)</em></p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Jerks his finger.)</em> Way for the parson.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Turns and calls.)</em> What ho, parson!</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Her voice soaring higher.)</em></p>
<p>She has it, she got it,<br />
Wherever she put it,<br />
The leg of the duck.</p>
<p><em>(Stephen, flourishing the ashplant in his left hand, chants with
joy the</em> introit <em>for paschal time. Lynch, his jockeycap low on
his brow, attends him, a sneer of discontent wrinkling his
face.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Vidi aquam egredientem de templo a latere dextro.
Alleluia</em>.</p>
<p><em>(The famished snaggletusks of an elderly bawd protrude from a
doorway.)</em></p>
<p>THE BAWD: <em>(Her voice whispering huskily.)</em> Sst! Come here
till I tell you. Maidenhead inside. Sst!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Altius aliquantulum.) Et omnes ad quos pervenit aqua
ista</em>.</p>
<p>THE BAWD: <em>(Spits in their trail her jet of venom.)</em> Trinity
medicals. Fallopian tube. All prick and no pence.</p>
<p><em>(Edy Boardman, sniffling, crouched with Bertha Supple, draws her
shawl across her nostrils.)</em></p>
<p>EDY BOARDMAN: <em>(Bickering.)</em> And says the one: I seen you up
Faithful place with your squarepusher, the greaser off the railway, in
his cometobed hat. Did you, says I. That’s not for you to say, says I.
You never seen me in the mantrap with a married highlander, says I. The
likes of her! Stag that one is! Stubborn as a mule! And her walking with
two fellows the one time, Kilbride, the enginedriver, and lancecorporal
Oliphant.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Triumphaliter.) Salvi facti sunt.</em></p>
<p><em>(He flourishes his ashplant, shivering the lamp image, shattering
light over the world. A liver and white spaniel on the prowl slinks
after him, growling. Lynch scares it with a kick.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: So that?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: (<em>Looks behind</em>.) So that gesture, not music not
odour, would be a universal language, the gift of tongues rendering
visible not the lay sense but the first entelechy, the structural
rhythm.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Pornosophical philotheology. Metaphysics in Mecklenburgh
street!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: We have shrewridden Shakespeare and henpecked Socrates. Even
the allwisest Stagyrite was bitted, bridled and mounted by a light of
love.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Ba!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Anyway, who wants two gestures to illustrate a loaf and a
jug? This movement illustrates the loaf and jug of bread or wine in
Omar. Hold my stick.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Damn your yellow stick. Where are we going?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Lecherous lynx, to <em>la belle dame sans merci,</em>
Georgina Johnson, <em>ad deam qui laetificat iuventutem meam.</em></p>
<p><em>(Stephen thrusts the ashplant on him and slowly holds out his
hands, his head going back till both hands are a span from his breast,
down turned, in planes intersecting, the fingers about to part, the left
being higher.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: Which is the jug of bread? It skills not. That or the
customhouse. Illustrate thou. Here take your crutch and walk.</p>
<p><em>(They pass. Tommy Caffrey scrambles to a gaslamp and, clasping,
climbs in spasms. From the top spur he slides down. Jacky Caffrey clasps
to climb. The navvy lurches against the lamp. The twins scuttle off in
the dark. The navvy, swaying, presses a forefinger against a wing of his
nose and ejects from the farther nostril a long liquid jet of snot.
Shouldering the lamp he staggers away through the crowd with his flaring
cresset.</em></p>
<p><em>Snakes of river fog creep slowly. From drains, clefts, cesspools,
middens arise on all sides stagnant fumes. A glow leaps in the south
beyond the seaward reaches of the river. The navvy, staggering forward,
cleaves the crowd and lurches towards the tramsiding. On the farther
side under the railway bridge Bloom appears, flushed, panting, cramming
bread and chocolate into a sidepocket. From Gillen’s hairdresser’s
window a composite portrait shows him gallant Nelson’s image. A concave
mirror at the side presents to him lovelorn longlost lugubru Booloohoom.
Grave Gladstone sees him level, Bloom for Bloom. He passes, struck by
the stare of truculent Wellington, but in the convex mirror grin
unstruck the bonham eyes and fatchuck cheekchops of Jollypoldy the
rixdix doldy.</em></p>
<p><em>At Antonio Rabaiotti’s door Bloom halts, sweated under the bright
arclamp. He disappears. In a moment he reappears and hurries
on.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Fish and taters. N. g. Ah!</p>
<p><em>(He disappears into Olhausen’s, the porkbutcher’s, under the
downcoming rollshutter. A few moments later he emerges from under the
shutter, puffing Poldy, blowing Bloohoom. In each hand he holds a
parcel, one containing a lukewarm pig’s crubeen, the other a cold
sheep’s trotter, sprinkled with wholepepper. He gasps, standing upright.
Then bending to one side he presses a parcel against his ribs and
groans.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Stitch in my side. Why did I run?</p>
<p><em>(He takes breath with care and goes forward slowly towards the
lampset siding. The glow leaps again.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: What is that? A flasher? Searchlight.</p>
<p><em>(He stands at Cormack’s corner, watching.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>Aurora borealis</em> or a steel foundry? Ah, the brigade,
of course. South side anyhow. Big blaze. Might be his house. Beggar’s
bush. We’re safe. <em>(He hums cheerfully.)</em> London’s burning,
London’s burning! On fire, on fire! (<em>He catches sight of the navvy
lurching through the crowd at the farther side of Talbot street.</em>)
I’ll miss him. Run. Quick. Better cross here.</p>
<p><em>(He darts to cross the road. Urchins shout.)</em></p>
<p>THE URCHINS: Mind out, mister!</p>
<p>(<em>Two cyclists, with lighted paper lanterns aswing, swim by him,
grazing him, their bells rattling.</em>)</p>
<p>THE BELLS: Haltyaltyaltyall.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Halts erect, stung by a spasm.)</em> Ow!</p>
<p><em>(He looks round, darts forward suddenly. Through rising fog a
dragon sandstrewer, travelling at caution, slews heavily down upon him,
its huge red headlight winking, its trolley hissing on the wire. The
motorman bangs his footgong.)</em></p>
<p>THE GONG: Bang Bang Bla Bak Blud Bugg Bloo.</p>
<p><em>(The brake cracks violently. Bloom, raising a policeman’s
whitegloved hand, blunders stifflegged out of the track. The motorman,
thrown forward, pugnosed, on the guidewheel, yells as he slides past
over chains and keys.)</em></p>
<p>THE MOTORMAN: Hey, shitbreeches, are you doing the hat trick?</p>
<p><em>(Bloom trickleaps to the curbstone and halts again. He brushes a
mudflake from his cheek with a parcelled hand.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: No thoroughfare. Close shave that but cured the stitch. Must
take up Sandow’s exercises again. On the hands down. Insure against
street accident too. The Providential. <em>(He feels his trouser
pocket.)</em> Poor mamma’s panacea. Heel easily catch in track or
bootlace in a cog. Day the wheel of the black Maria peeled off my shoe
at Leonard’s corner. Third time is the charm. Shoe trick. Insolent
driver. I ought to report him. Tension makes them nervous. Might be the
fellow balked me this morning with that horsey woman. Same style of
beauty. Quick of him all the same. The stiff walk. True word spoken in
jest. That awful cramp in Lad lane. Something poisonous I ate. Emblem of
luck. Why? Probably lost cattle. Mark of the beast. <em>(He closes his
eyes an instant.)</em> Bit light in the head. Monthly or effect of the
other. Brainfogfag. That tired feeling. Too much for me now. Ow!</p>
<p><em>(A sinister figure leans on plaited legs against O’Beirne’s wall,
a visage unknown, injected with dark mercury. From under a wideleaved
sombrero the figure regards him with evil eye.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>Buenas noches, señorita Blanca, que calle es
esta?</em></p>
<p>THE FIGURE: (<em>Impassive, raises a signal arm.</em>) Password.
<em>Sraid Mabbot.</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Haha. <em>Merci.</em> Esperanto. <em>Slan leath. (He
mutters.)</em> Gaelic league spy, sent by that fireeater.</p>
<p><em>(He steps forward. A sackshouldered ragman bars his path. He
steps left, ragsackman left.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: I beg.</p>
<p>(<em>He leaps right, sackragman right.</em>)</p>
<p>BLOOM: I beg.</p>
<p>(<em>He swerves, sidles, stepaside, slips past and on.</em>)</p>
<p>BLOOM: Keep to the right, right, right. If there is a signpost
planted by the Touring Club at Stepaside who procured that public boon?
I who lost my way and contributed to the columns of the <em>Irish
Cyclist</em> the letter headed <em>In darkest Stepaside</em>. Keep,
keep, keep to the right. Rags and bones at midnight. A fence more
likely. First place murderer makes for. Wash off his sins of the
world.</p>
<p><em>(Jacky Caffrey, hunted by Tommy Caffrey, runs full tilt against
Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: O.</p>
<p><em>(Shocked, on weak hams, he halts. Tommy and Jacky vanish there,
there. Bloom pats with parcelled hands watch, fobpocket, bookpocket,
pursepoke, sweets of sin, potato soap.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Beware of pickpockets. Old thieves’ dodge. Collide. Then
snatch your purse.</p>
<p><em>(The retriever approaches sniffing, nose to the ground. A
sprawled form sneezes. A stooped bearded figure appears garbed in the
long caftan of an elder in Zion and a smokingcap with magenta tassels.
Horned spectacles hang down at the wings of the nose. Yellow poison
streaks are on the drawn face.)</em></p>
<p>RUDOLPH: Second halfcrown waste money today. I told you not go with
drunken goy ever. So you catch no money.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hides the crubeen and trotter behind his back and,
crestfallen, feels warm and cold feetmeat.) Ja, ich weiss,
papachi.</em></p>
<p>RUDOLPH: What you making down this place? Have you no soul? <em>(With
feeble vulture talons he feels the silent face of Bloom.)</em> Are you
not my son Leopold, the grandson of Leopold? Are you not my dear son
Leopold who left the house of his father and left the god of his fathers
Abraham and Jacob?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With precaution.)</em> I suppose so, father. Mosenthal.
All that’s left of him.</p>
<p>RUDOLPH: <em>(Severely.)</em> One night they bring you home drunk as
dog after spend your good money. What you call them running chaps?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In youth’s smart blue Oxford suit with white vestslips,
narrowshouldered, in brown Alpine hat, wearing gent’s sterling silver
waterbury keyless watch and double curb Albert with seal attached, one
side of him coated with stiffening mud.)</em> Harriers, father. Only
that once.</p>
<p>RUDOLPH: Once! Mud head to foot. Cut your hand open. Lockjaw. They
make you kaputt, Leopoldleben. You watch them chaps.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Weakly.)</em> They challenged me to a sprint. It was
muddy. I slipped.</p>
<p>RUDOLPH: <em>(With contempt.) Goim nachez!</em> Nice spectacles for
your poor mother!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Mamma!</p>
<p>ELLEN BLOOM: <em>(In pantomime dame’s stringed mobcap, widow
Twankey’s crinoline and bustle, blouse with muttonleg sleeves buttoned
behind, grey mittens and cameo brooch, her plaited hair in a crispine
net, appears over the staircase banisters, a slanted candlestick in her
hand, and cries out in shrill alarm.)</em> O blessed Redeemer, what have
they done to him! My smelling salts! <em>(She hauls up a reef of skirt
and ransacks the pouch of her striped blay petticoat. A phial, an Agnus
Dei, a shrivelled potato and a celluloid doll fall out.)</em> Sacred
Heart of Mary, where were you at all at all?</p>
<p><em>(Bloom, mumbling, his eyes downcast, begins to bestow his parcels
in his filled pockets but desists, muttering.)</em></p>
<p>A VOICE: <em>(Sharply.)</em> Poldy!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Who? <em>(He ducks and wards off a blow clumsily.)</em> At
your service.</p>
<p><em>(He looks up. Beside her mirage of datepalms a handsome woman in
Turkish costume stands before him. Opulent curves fill out her scarlet
trousers and jacket, slashed with gold. A wide yellow cummerbund girdles
her. A white yashmak, violet in the night, covers her face, leaving free
only her large dark eyes and raven hair.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Molly!</p>
<p>MARION: Welly? Mrs Marion from this out, my dear man, when you speak
to me. <em>(Satirically.)</em> Has poor little hubby cold feet waiting
so long?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shifts from foot to foot.)</em> No, no. Not the least
little bit.</p>
<p><em>(He breathes in deep agitation, swallowing gulps of air,
questions, hopes, crubeens for her supper, things to tell her, excuse,
desire, spellbound. A coin gleams on her forehead. On her feet are
jewelled toerings. Her ankles are linked by a slender fetterchain.
Beside her a camel, hooded with a turreting turban, waits. A silk ladder
of innumerable rungs climbs to his bobbing howdah. He ambles near with
disgruntled hindquarters. Fiercely she slaps his haunch, her goldcurb
wristbangles angriling, scolding him in Moorish.)</em></p>
<p>MARION: Nebrakada! Femininum!</p>
<p><em>(The camel, lifting a foreleg, plucks from a tree a large mango
fruit, offers it to his mistress, blinking, in his cloven hoof, then
droops his head and, grunting, with uplifted neck, fumbles to kneel.
Bloom stoops his back for leapfrog.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: I can give you... I mean as your business menagerer... Mrs
Marion... if you...</p>
<p>MARION: So you notice some change? <em>(Her hands passing slowly over
her trinketed stomacher, a slow friendly mockery in her eyes.)</em> O
Poldy, Poldy, you are a poor old stick in the mud! Go and see life. See
the wide world.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I was just going back for that lotion whitewax, orangeflower
water. Shop closes early on Thursday. But the first thing in the
morning. <em>(He pats divers pockets.)</em> This moving kidney. Ah!</p>
<p><em>(He points to the south, then to the east. A cake of new clean
lemon soap arises, diffusing light and perfume.)</em></p>
<p>THE SOAP:</p>
<p>We’re a capital couple are Bloom and I.<br />
He brightens the earth. I polish the sky.</p>
<p><em>(The freckled face of Sweny, the druggist, appears in the disc of
the soapsun.)</em></p>
<p>SWENY: Three and a penny, please.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Yes. For my wife. Mrs Marion. Special recipe.</p>
<p>MARION: <em>(Softly.)</em> Poldy!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Yes, ma’am?</p>
<p>MARION: <em>Ti trema un poco il cuore?</em></p>
<p><em>(In disdain she saunters away, plump as a pampered pouter pigeon,
humming the duet from</em> Don Giovanni.)</p>
<p>BLOOM: Are you sure about that <em>Voglio</em>? I mean the
pronunciati...</p>
<p><em>(He follows, followed by the sniffing terrier. The elderly bawd
seizes his sleeve, the bristles of her chinmole glittering.)</em></p>
<p>THE BAWD: Ten shillings a maidenhead. Fresh thing was never touched.
Fifteen. There’s no-one in it only her old father that’s dead drunk.</p>
<p><em>(She points. In the gap of her dark den furtive, rainbedraggled,
Bridie Kelly stands.)</em></p>
<p>BRIDIE: Hatch street. Any good in your mind?</p>
<p><em>(With a squeak she flaps her bat shawl and runs. A burly rough
pursues with booted strides. He stumbles on the steps, recovers, plunges
into gloom. Weak squeaks of laughter are heard, weaker.)</em></p>
<p>THE BAWD: <em>(Her wolfeyes shining.)</em> He’s getting his pleasure.
You won’t get a virgin in the flash houses. Ten shillings. Don’t be all
night before the polis in plain clothes sees us. Sixtyseven is a
bitch.</p>
<p><em>(Leering, Gerty Macdowell limps forward. She draws from behind,
ogling, and shows coyly her bloodied clout.)</em></p>
<p>GERTY: With all my worldly goods I thee and thou. <em>(She
murmurs.)</em> You did that. I hate you.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I? When? You’re dreaming. I never saw you.</p>
<p>THE BAWD: Leave the gentleman alone, you cheat. Writing the gentleman
false letters. Streetwalking and soliciting. Better for your mother take
the strap to you at the bedpost, hussy like you.</p>
<p>GERTY: <em>(To Bloom.)</em> When you saw all the secrets of my bottom
drawer. <em>(She paws his sleeve, slobbering.)</em> Dirty married man! I
love you for doing that to me.</p>
<p><em>(She glides away crookedly. Mrs Breen in man’s frieze overcoat
with loose bellows pockets, stands in the causeway, her roguish eyes
wideopen, smiling in all her herbivorous buckteeth.)</em></p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Mr...</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Coughs gravely.)</em> Madam, when we last had this
pleasure by letter dated the sixteenth instant...</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Mr Bloom! You down here in the haunts of sin! I caught you
nicely! Scamp!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hurriedly.)</em> Not so loud my name. Whatever do you
think of me? Don’t give me away. Walls have ears. How do you do? It’s
ages since I. You’re looking splendid. Absolutely it. Seasonable weather
we are having this time of year. Black refracts heat. Short cut home
here. Interesting quarter. Rescue of fallen women. Magdalen asylum. I am
the secretary...</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Holds up a finger.)</em> Now, don’t tell a big fib! I
know somebody won’t like that. O just wait till I see Molly!
<em>(Slily.)</em> Account for yourself this very sminute or woe betide
you!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Looks behind.)</em> She often said she’d like to visit.
Slumming. The exotic, you see. Negro servants in livery too if she had
money. Othello black brute. Eugene Stratton. Even the bones and
cornerman at the Livermore christies. Bohee brothers. Sweep for that
matter.</p>
<p><em>(Tom and Sam Bohee, coloured coons in white duck suits, scarlet
socks, upstarched Sambo chokers and large scarlet asters in their
buttonholes, leap out. Each has his banjo slung. Their paler smaller
negroid hands jingle the twingtwang wires. Flashing white Kaffir eyes
and tusks they rattle through a breakdown in clumsy clogs, twinging,
singing, back to back, toe heel, heel toe, with smackfatclacking nigger
lips.)</em></p>
<p>TOM AND SAM:</p>
<p>There’s someone in the house with Dina<br />
There’s someone in the house, I know,<br />
There’s someone in the house with Dina<br />
Playing on the old banjo.</p>
<p><em>(They whisk black masks from raw babby faces: then, chuckling,
chortling, trumming, twanging, they diddle diddle cakewalk dance
away.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With a sour tenderish smile.)</em> A little frivol, shall
we, if you are so inclined? Would you like me perhaps to embrace you
just for a fraction of a second?</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Screams gaily.)</em> O, you ruck! You ought to see
yourself!</p>
<p>BLOOM: For old sake’ sake. I only meant a square party, a mixed
marriage mingling of our different little conjugials. You know I had a
soft corner for you. <em>(Gloomily.)</em> ’Twas I sent you that
valentine of the dear gazelle.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Glory Alice, you do look a holy show! Killing simply.
<em>(She puts out her hand inquisitively.)</em> What are you hiding
behind your back? Tell us, there’s a dear.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Seizes her wrist with his free hand.)</em> Josie Powell
that was, prettiest deb in Dublin. How time flies by! Do you remember,
harking back in a retrospective arrangement, Old Christmas night,
Georgina Simpson’s housewarming while they were playing the Irving
Bishop game, finding the pin blindfold and thoughtreading? Subject, what
is in this snuffbox?</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: You were the lion of the night with your seriocomic
recitation and you looked the part. You were always a favourite with the
ladies.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Squire of dames, in dinner jacket with wateredsilk
facings, blue masonic badge in his buttonhole, black bow and
mother-of-pearl studs, a prismatic champagne glass tilted in his
hand.)</em> Ladies and gentlemen, I give you Ireland, home and
beauty.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: The dear dead days beyond recall. Love’s old sweet
song.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Meaningfully dropping his voice.)</em> I confess I’m
teapot with curiosity to find out whether some person’s something is a
little teapot at present.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Gushingly.)</em> Tremendously teapot! London’s teapot
and I’m simply teapot all over me! <em>(She rubs sides with him.)</em>
After the parlour mystery games and the crackers from the tree we sat on
the staircase ottoman. Under the mistletoe. Two is company.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Wearing a purple Napoleon hat with an amber halfmoon, his
fingers and thumb passing slowly down to her soft moist meaty palm which
she surrenders gently.)</em> The witching hour of night. I took the
splinter out of this hand, carefully, slowly. <em>(Tenderly, as he slips
on her finger a ruby ring.) Là ci darem la mano.</em></p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(In a onepiece evening frock executed in moonlight
blue, a tinsel sylph’s diadem on her brow with her dancecard fallen
beside her moonblue satin slipper, curves her palm softly, breathing
quickly.) Voglio e non.</em> You’re hot! You’re scalding! The left hand
nearest the heart.</p>
<p>BLOOM: When you made your present choice they said it was beauty and
the beast. I can never forgive you for that. <em>(His clenched fist at
his brow.)</em> Think what it means. All you meant to me then.
<em>(Hoarsely.)</em> Woman, it’s breaking me!</p>
<p><em>(Denis Breen, whitetallhatted, with Wisdom Hely’s sandwichboards,
shuffles past them in carpet slippers, his dull beard thrust out,
muttering to right and left. Little Alf Bergan, cloaked in the pall of
the ace of spades, dogs him to left and right, doubled in
laughter.)</em></p>
<p>ALF BERGAN: <em>(Points jeering at the sandwichboards.)</em> U. p:
up.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(To Bloom.)</em> High jinks below stairs. <em>(She
gives him the glad eye.)</em> Why didn’t you kiss the spot to make it
well? You wanted to.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shocked.)</em> Molly’s best friend! Could you?</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Her pulpy tongue between her lips, offers a pigeon
kiss.)</em> Hnhn. The answer is a lemon. Have you a little present for
me there?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Offhandedly.)</em> Kosher. A snack for supper. The home
without potted meat is incomplete. I was at <em>Leah</em>, Mrs Bandmann
Palmer. Trenchant exponent of Shakespeare. Unfortunately threw away the
programme. Rattling good place round there for pigs’ feet. Feel.</p>
<p><em>(Richie Goulding, three ladies’ hats pinned on his head, appears
weighted to one side by the black legal bag of Collis and Ward on which
a skull and crossbones are painted in white limewash. He opens it and
shows it full of polonies, kippered herrings, Findon haddies and
tightpacked pills.)</em></p>
<p>RICHIE: Best value in Dub.</p>
<p><em>(Bald Pat, bothered beetle, stands on the curbstone, folding his
napkin, waiting to wait.)</em></p>
<p>PAT: <em>(Advances with a tilted dish of spillspilling gravy.)</em>
Steak and kidney. Bottle of lager. Hee hee hee. Wait till I wait.</p>
<p>RICHIE: Goodgod. Inev erate inall...</p>
<p><em>(With hanging head he marches doggedly forward. The navvy,
lurching by, gores him with his flaming pronghorn.)</em></p>
<p>RICHIE: <em>(With a cry of pain, his hand to his back.)</em> Ah!
Bright’s! Lights!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Points to the navvy.)</em> A spy. Don’t attract
attention. I hate stupid crowds. I am not on pleasure bent. I am in a
grave predicament.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Humbugging and deluthering as per usual with your cock and
bull story.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I want to tell you a little secret about how I came to be
here. But you must never tell. Not even Molly. I have a most particular
reason.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(All agog.)</em> O, not for worlds.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Let’s walk on. Shall us?</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Let’s.</p>
<p><em>(The bawd makes an unheeded sign. Bloom walks on with Mrs Breen.
The terrier follows, whining piteously, wagging his tail.)</em></p>
<p>THE BAWD: Jewman’s melt!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In an oatmeal sporting suit, a sprig of woodbine in the
lapel, tony buff shirt, shepherd’s plaid Saint Andrew’s cross scarftie,
white spats, fawn dustcoat on his arm, tawny red brogues, fieldglasses
in bandolier and a grey billycock hat.)</em> Do you remember a long long
time, years and years ago, just after Milly, Marionette we called her,
was weaned when we all went together to Fairyhouse races, was it?</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(In smart Saxe tailormade, white velours hat and
spider veil.)</em> Leopardstown.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I mean, Leopardstown. And Molly won seven shillings on a three
year old named Nevertell and coming home along by Foxrock in that old
fiveseater shanderadan of a waggonette you were in your heyday then and
you had on that new hat of white velours with a surround of molefur that
Mrs Hayes advised you to buy because it was marked down to nineteen and
eleven, a bit of wire and an old rag of velveteen, and I’ll lay you what
you like she did it on purpose...</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: She did, of course, the cat! Don’t tell me! Nice
adviser!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Because it didn’t suit you one quarter as well as the other
ducky little tammy toque with the bird of paradise wing in it that I
admired on you and you honestly looked just too fetching in it though it
was a pity to kill it, you cruel naughty creature, little mite of a
thing with a heart the size of a fullstop.</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Squeezes his arm, simpers.)</em> Naughty cruel I
was!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Low, secretly, ever more rapidly.)</em> And Molly was
eating a sandwich of spiced beef out of Mrs Joe Gallaher’s lunch basket.
Frankly, though she had her advisers or admirers, I never cared much for
her style. She was...</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: Too...</p>
<p>BLOOM: Yes. And Molly was laughing because Rogers and Maggot O’Reilly
were mimicking a cock as we passed a farmhouse and Marcus Tertius Moses,
the tea merchant, drove past us in a gig with his daughter, Dancer Moses
was her name, and the poodle in her lap bridled up and you asked me if I
ever heard or read or knew or came across...</p>
<p>MRS BREEN: <em>(Eagerly.)</em> Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes.</p>
<p><em>(She fades from his side. Followed by the whining dog he walks on
towards hellsgates. In an archway a standing woman, bent forward, her
feet apart, pisses cowily. Outside a shuttered pub a bunch of loiterers
listen to a tale which their brokensnouted gaffer rasps out with raucous
humour. An armless pair of them flop wrestling, growling, in maimed
sodden playfight.)</em></p>
<p>THE GAFFER: <em>(Crouches, his voice twisted in his snout.)</em> And
when Cairns came down from the scaffolding in Beaver street what was he
after doing it into only into the bucket of porter that was there
waiting on the shavings for Derwan’s plasterers.</p>
<p>THE LOITERERS: <em>(Guffaw with cleft palates.)</em> O jays!</p>
<p><em>(Their paintspeckled hats wag. Spattered with size and lime of
their lodges they frisk limblessly about him.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Coincidence too. They think it funny. Anything but that. Broad
daylight. Trying to walk. Lucky no woman.</p>
<p>THE LOITERERS: Jays, that’s a good one. Glauber salts. O jays, into
the men’s porter.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom passes. Cheap whores, singly, coupled, shawled,
dishevelled, call from lanes, doors, corners.)</em></p>
<p>THE WHORES:</p>
<p>Are you going far, queer fellow?<br />
How’s your middle leg?<br />
Got a match on you?<br />
Eh, come here till I stiffen it for you.</p>
<p><em>(He plodges through their sump towards the lighted street beyond.
From a bulge of window curtains a gramophone rears a battered brazen
trunk. In the shadow a shebeenkeeper haggles with the navvy and the two
redcoats.)</em></p>
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Belching.)</em> Where’s the bloody house?</p>
<p>THE SHEBEENKEEPER: Purdon street. Shilling a bottle of stout.
Respectable woman.</p>
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Gripping the two redcoats, staggers forward with
them.)</em> Come on, you British army!</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Behind his back.)</em> He aint half balmy.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Laughs.)</em> What ho!</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To the navvy.)</em> Portobello barracks canteen.
You ask for Carr. Just Carr.</p>
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Shouts.)</em></p>
<p>We are the boys. Of Wexford.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Say! What price the sergeantmajor?</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: Bennett? He’s my pal. I love old Bennett.</p>
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Shouts.)</em></p>
<p>The galling chain.<br />
And free our native land.</p>
<p><em>(He staggers forward, dragging them with him. Bloom stops, at
fault. The dog approaches, his tongue outlolling, panting.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Wildgoose chase this. Disorderly houses. Lord knows where they
are gone. Drunks cover distance double quick. Nice mixup. Scene at
Westland row. Then jump in first class with third ticket. Then too far.
Train with engine behind. Might have taken me to Malahide or a siding
for the night or collision. Second drink does it. Once is a dose. What
am I following him for? Still, he’s the best of that lot. If I hadn’t
heard about Mrs Beaufoy Purefoy I wouldn’t have gone and wouldn’t have
met. Kismet. He’ll lose that cash. Relieving office here. Good biz for
cheapjacks, organs. What do ye lack? Soon got, soon gone. Might have
lost my life too with that mangongwheeltracktrolleyglarejuggernaut only
for presence of mind. Can’t always save you, though. If I had passed
Truelock’s window that day two minutes later would have been shot.
Absence of body. Still if bullet only went through my coat get damages
for shock, five hundred pounds. What was he? Kildare street club toff.
God help his gamekeeper.</p>
<p><em>(He gazes ahead, reading on the wall a scrawled chalk legend</em>
Wet Dream <em>and a phallic design.</em>) Odd! Molly drawing on the
frosted carriagepane at Kingstown. What’s that like? <em>(Gaudy
dollwomen loll in the lighted doorways, in window embrasures, smoking
birdseye cigarettes. The odour of the sicksweet weed floats towards him
in slow round ovalling wreaths.)</em></p>
<p>THE WREATHS: Sweet are the sweets. Sweets of sin.</p>
<p>BLOOM: My spine’s a bit limp. Go or turn? And this food? Eat it and
get all pigsticky. Absurd I am. Waste of money. One and eightpence too
much. <em>(The retriever drives a cold snivelling muzzle against his
hand, wagging his tail.)</em> Strange how they take to me. Even that
brute today. Better speak to him first. Like women they like
<em>rencontres.</em> Stinks like a polecat. <em>Chacun son goût</em>. He
might be mad. Dogdays. Uncertain in his movements. Good fellow! Fido!
Good fellow! Garryowen! <em>(The wolfdog sprawls on his back, wriggling
obscenely with begging paws, his long black tongue lolling out.)</em>
Influence of his surroundings. Give and have done with it. Provided
nobody. <em>(Calling encouraging words he shambles back with a furtive
poacher’s tread, dogged by the setter into a dark stalestunk corner. He
unrolls one parcel and goes to dump the crubeen softly but holds back
and feels the trotter.)</em> Sizeable for threepence. But then I have it
in my left hand. Calls for more effort. Why? Smaller from want of use.
O, let it slide. Two and six.</p>
<p><em>(With regret he lets the unrolled crubeen and trotter slide. The
mastiff mauls the bundle clumsily and gluts himself with growling greed,
crunching the bones. Two raincaped watch approach, silent, vigilant.
They murmur together.)</em></p>
<p>THE WATCH: Bloom. Of Bloom. For Bloom. Bloom.</p>
<p><em>(Each lays hand on Bloom’s shoulder.)</em></p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Caught in the act. Commit no nuisance.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Stammers.)</em> I am doing good to others.</p>
<p><em>(A covey of gulls, storm petrels, rises hungrily from Liffey
slime with Banbury cakes in their beaks.)</em></p>
<p>THE GULLS: Kaw kave kankury kake.</p>
<p>BLOOM: The friend of man. Trained by kindness.</p>
<p><em>(He points. Bob Doran, toppling from a high barstool, sways over
the munching spaniel.)</em></p>
<p>BOB DORAN: Towser. Give us the paw. Give the paw.</p>
<p><em>(The bulldog growls, his scruff standing, a gobbet of pig’s
knuckle between his molars through which rabid scumspittle dribbles. Bob
Doran falls silently into an area.)</em></p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: Prevention of cruelty to animals.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Enthusiastically.)</em> A noble work! I scolded that
tramdriver on Harold’s cross bridge for illusing the poor horse with his
harness scab. Bad French I got for my pains. Of course it was frosty and
the last tram. All tales of circus life are highly demoralising.</p>
<p><em>(Signor Maffei, passionpale, in liontamer’s costume with diamond
studs in his shirtfront, steps forward, holding a circus paperhoop, a
curling carriagewhip and a revolver with which he covers the gorging
boarhound.)</em></p>
<p>SIGNOR MAFFEI: <em>(With a sinister smile.)</em> Ladies and
gentlemen, my educated greyhound. It was I broke in the bucking broncho
Ajax with my patent spiked saddle for carnivores. Lash under the belly
with a knotted thong. Block tackle and a strangling pulley will bring
your lion to heel, no matter how fractious, even <em>Leo ferox</em>
there, the Libyan maneater. A redhot crowbar and some liniment rubbing
on the burning part produced Fritz of Amsterdam, the thinking hyena.
<em>(He glares.)</em> I possess the Indian sign. The glint of my eye
does it with these breastsparklers. <em>(With a bewitching smile.)</em>
I now introduce Mademoiselle Ruby, the pride of the ring.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Come. Name and address.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I have forgotten for the moment. Ah, yes! <em>(He takes off
his high grade hat, saluting.)</em> Dr Bloom, Leopold, dental surgeon.
You have heard of von Blum Pasha. Umpteen millions.
<em>Donnerwetter!</em> Owns half Austria. Egypt. Cousin.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Proof.</p>
<p><em>(A card falls from inside the leather headband of Bloom’s
hat.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In red fez, cadi’s dress coat with broad green sash,
wearing a false badge of the Legion of Honour, picks up the card hastily
and offers it.)</em> Allow me. My club is the Junior Army and Navy.
Solicitors: Messrs John Henry Menton, 27 Bachelor’s Walk.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Reads.)</em> Henry Flower. No fixed abode.
Unlawfully watching and besetting.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: An alibi. You are cautioned.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Produces from his heartpocket a crumpled yellow
flower.)</em> This is the flower in question. It was given me by a man I
don’t know his name. <em>(Plausibly.)</em> You know that old joke, rose
of Castile. Bloom. The change of name. Virag. <em>(He murmurs privately
and confidentially.)</em> We are engaged you see, sergeant. Lady in the
case. Love entanglement. <em>(He shoulders the second watch
gently.)</em> Dash it all. It’s a way we gallants have in the navy.
Uniform that does it. <em>(He turns gravely to the first watch.)</em>
Still, of course, you do get your Waterloo sometimes. Drop in some
evening and have a glass of old Burgundy. <em>(To the second watch
gaily.)</em> I’ll introduce you, inspector. She’s game. Do it in the
shake of a lamb’s tail.</p>
<p><em>(A dark mercurialised face appears, leading a veiled
figure.)</em></p>
<p>THE DARK MERCURY: The Castle is looking for him. He was drummed out
of the army.</p>
<p>MARTHA: <em>(Thickveiled, a crimson halter round her neck, a copy of
the</em> Irish Times <em>in her hand, in tone of reproach,
pointing.)</em> Henry! Leopold! Lionel, thou lost one! Clear my
name.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Sternly.)</em> Come to the station.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Scared, hats himself, steps back, then, plucking at his
heart and lifting his right forearm on the square, he gives the sign and
dueguard of fellowcraft.)</em> No, no, worshipful master, light of love.
Mistaken identity. The Lyons mail. Lesurques and Dubosc. You remember
the Childs fratricide case. We medical men. By striking him dead with a
hatchet. I am wrongfully accused. Better one guilty escape than
ninetynine wrongfully condemned.</p>
<p>MARTHA: <em>(Sobbing behind her veil.)</em> Breach of promise. My
real name is Peggy Griffin. He wrote to me that he was miserable. I’ll
tell my brother, the Bective rugger fullback, on you, heartless
flirt.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Behind his hand.)</em> She’s drunk. The woman is
inebriated. <em>(He murmurs vaguely the pass of Ephraim.)</em>
Shitbroleeth.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Tears in his eyes, to Bloom.)</em> You ought to be
thoroughly well ashamed of yourself.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Gentlemen of the jury, let me explain. A pure mare’s nest. I
am a man misunderstood. I am being made a scapegoat of. I am a
respectable married man, without a stain on my character. I live in
Eccles street. My wife, I am the daughter of a most distinguished
commander, a gallant upstanding gentleman, what do you call him,
Majorgeneral Brian Tweedy, one of Britain’s fighting men who helped to
win our battles. Got his majority for the heroic defence of Rorke’s
Drift.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Regiment.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Turns to the gallery.)</em> The royal Dublins, boys, the
salt of the earth, known the world over. I think I see some old comrades
in arms up there among you. The R. D. F., with our own Metropolitan
police, guardians of our homes, the pluckiest lads and the finest body
of men, as physique, in the service of our sovereign.</p>
<p>A VOICE: Turncoat! Up the Boers! Who booed Joe Chamberlain?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His hand on the shoulder of the first watch.)</em> My old
dad too was a J. P. I’m as staunch a Britisher as you are, sir. I fought
with the colours for king and country in the absentminded war under
general Gough in the park and was disabled at Spion Kop and
Bloemfontein, was mentioned in dispatches. I did all a white man could.
<em>(With quiet feeling.)</em> Jim Bludso. Hold her nozzle again the
bank.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Profession or trade.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Well, I follow a literary occupation, author-journalist. In
fact we are just bringing out a collection of prize stories of which I
am the inventor, something that is an entirely new departure. I am
connected with the British and Irish press. If you ring up...</p>
<p><em>(Myles Crawford strides out jerkily, a quill between his teeth.
His scarlet beak blazes within the aureole of his straw hat. He dangles
a hank of Spanish onions in one hand and holds with the other hand a
telephone receiver nozzle to his ear.)</em></p>
<p>MYLES CRAWFORD: <em>(His cock’s wattles wagging.)</em> Hello,
seventyseven eightfour. Hello. <em>Freeman’s Urinal</em> and <em>Weekly
Arsewipe</em> here. Paralyse Europe. You which? Bluebags? Who writes? Is
it Bloom?</p>
<p><em>(Mr Philip Beaufoy, palefaced, stands in the witnessbox, in
accurate morning dress, outbreast pocket with peak of handkerchief
showing, creased lavender trousers and patent boots. He carries a large
portfolio labelled</em> Matcham’s Masterstrokes.)</p>
<p>BEAUFOY: <em>(Drawls.)</em> No, you aren’t. Not by a long shot if I
know it. I don’t see it, that’s all. No born gentleman, no-one with the
most rudimentary promptings of a gentleman would stoop to such
particularly loathsome conduct. One of those, my lord. A plagiarist. A
soapy sneak masquerading as a literateur. It’s perfectly obvious that
with the most inherent baseness he has cribbed some of my bestselling
copy, really gorgeous stuff, a perfect gem, the love passages in which
are beneath suspicion. The Beaufoy books of love and great possessions,
with which your lordship is doubtless familiar, are a household word
throughout the kingdom.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Murmurs with hangdog meekness glum.)</em> That bit about
the laughing witch hand in hand I take exception to, if I may...</p>
<p>BEAUFOY: <em>(His lip upcurled, smiles superciliously on the
court.)</em> You funny ass, you! You’re too beastly awfully weird for
words! I don’t think you need over excessively disincommodate yourself
in that regard. My literary agent Mr J. B. Pinker is in attendance. I
presume, my lord, we shall receive the usual witnesses’ fees, shan’t we?
We are considerably out of pocket over this bally pressman johnny, this
jackdaw of Rheims, who has not even been to a university.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Indistinctly.)</em> University of life. Bad art.</p>
<p>BEAUFOY: <em>(Shouts.)</em> It’s a damnably foul lie, showing the
moral rottenness of the man! <em>(He extends his portfolio.)</em> We
have here damning evidence, the <em>corpus delicti</em>, my lord, a
specimen of my maturer work disfigured by the hallmark of the beast.</p>
<p>A VOICE FROM THE GALLERY:</p>
<p>Moses, Moses, king of the jews,<br />
Wiped his arse in the <em>Daily News</em>.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bravely.)</em> Overdrawn.</p>
<p>BEAUFOY: You low cad! You ought to be ducked in the horsepond, you
rotter! <em>(To the court.)</em> Why, look at the man’s private life!
Leading a quadruple existence! Street angel and house devil. Not fit to
be mentioned in mixed society! The archconspirator of the age!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To the court.)</em> And he, a bachelor, how...</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: The King versus Bloom. Call the woman Driscoll.</p>
<p>THE CRIER: Mary Driscoll, scullerymaid!</p>
<p><em>(Mary Driscoll, a slipshod servant girl, approaches. She has a
bucket on the crook of her arm and a scouringbrush in her
hand.)</em></p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: Another! Are you of the unfortunate class?</p>
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: <em>(Indignantly.)</em> I’m not a bad one. I bear a
respectable character and was four months in my last place. I was in a
situation, six pounds a year and my chances with Fridays out and I had
to leave owing to his carryings on.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: What do you tax him with?</p>
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: He made a certain suggestion but I thought more of
myself as poor as I am.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In housejacket of ripplecloth, flannel trousers, heelless
slippers, unshaven, his hair rumpled: softly.)</em> I treated you white.
I gave you mementos, smart emerald garters far above your station.
Incautiously I took your part when you were accused of pilfering.
There’s a medium in all things. Play cricket.</p>
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: <em>(Excitedly.)</em> As God is looking down on me
this night if ever I laid a hand to them oylsters!</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: The offence complained of? Did something happen?</p>
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: He surprised me in the rere of the premises, Your
honour, when the missus was out shopping one morning with a request for
a safety pin. He held me and I was discoloured in four places as a
result. And he interfered twict with my clothing.</p>
<p>BLOOM: She counterassaulted.</p>
<p>MARY DRISCOLL: <em>(Scornfully.)</em> I had more respect for the
scouringbrush, so I had. I remonstrated with him, Your lord, and he
remarked: keep it quiet.</p>
<p><em>(General laughter.)</em></p>
<p>GEORGE FOTTRELL: <em>(Clerk of the crown and peace, resonantly.)</em>
Order in court! The accused will now make a bogus statement.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom, pleading not guilty and holding a fullblown waterlily,
begins a long unintelligible speech. They would hear what counsel had to
say in his stirring address to the grand jury. He was down and out but,
though branded as a black sheep, if he might say so, he meant to reform,
to retrieve the memory of the past in a purely sisterly way and return
to nature as a purely domestic animal. A sevenmonths’ child, he had been
carefully brought up and nurtured by an aged bedridden parent. There
might have been lapses of an erring father but he wanted to turn over a
new leaf and now, when at long last in sight of the whipping post, to
lead a homely life in the evening of his days, permeated by the
affectionate surroundings of the heaving bosom of the family. An
acclimatised Britisher, he had seen that summer eve from the footplate
of an engine cab of the Loop line railway company while the rain
refrained from falling glimpses, as it were, through the windows of
loveful households in Dublin city and urban district of scenes truly
rural of happiness of the better land with Dockrell’s wallpaper at one
and ninepence a dozen, innocent Britishborn bairns lisping prayers to
the Sacred Infant, youthful scholars grappling with their pensums or
model young ladies playing on the pianoforte or anon all with fervour
reciting the family rosary round the crackling Yulelog while in the
boreens and green lanes the colleens with their swains strolled what
times the strains of the organtoned melodeon Britannia metalbound with
four acting stops and twelvefold bellows, a sacrifice, greatest bargain
ever....</em></p>
<p><em>(Renewed laughter. He mumbles incoherently. Reporters complain
that they cannot hear.)</em></p>
<p>LONGHAND AND SHORTHAND: <em>(Without looking up from their
notebooks.)</em> Loosen his boots.</p>
<p>PROFESSOR MACHUGH: <em>(From the presstable, coughs and calls.)</em>
Cough it up, man. Get it out in bits.</p>
<p><em>(The crossexamination proceeds</em> re <em>Bloom and the bucket.
A large bucket. Bloom himself. Bowel trouble. In Beaver street. Gripe,
yes. Quite bad. A plasterer’s bucket. By walking stifflegged. Suffered
untold misery. Deadly agony. About noon. Love or burgundy. Yes, some
spinach. Crucial moment. He did not look in the bucket. Nobody. Rather a
mess. Not completely. A</em> Titbits <em>back number</em>.)</p>
<p><em>(Uproar and catcalls. Bloom in a torn frockcoat stained with
whitewash, dinged silk hat sideways on his head, a strip of
stickingplaster across his nose, talks inaudibly.)</em></p>
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: <em>(In barrister’s grey wig and stuffgown, speaking
with a voice of pained protest.)</em> This is no place for indecent
levity at the expense of an erring mortal disguised in liquor. We are
not in a beargarden nor at an Oxford rag nor is this a travesty of
justice. My client is an infant, a poor foreign immigrant who started
scratch as a stowaway and is now trying to turn an honest penny. The
trumped up misdemeanour was due to a momentary aberration of heredity,
brought on by hallucination, such familiarities as the alleged guilty
occurrence being quite permitted in my client’s native place, the land
of the Pharaoh. <em>Prima facie</em>, I put it to you that there was no
attempt at carnally knowing. Intimacy did not occur and the offence
complained of by Driscoll, that her virtue was solicited, was not
repeated. I would deal in especial with atavism. There have been cases
of shipwreck and somnambulism in my client’s family. If the accused
could speak he could a tale unfold—one of the strangest that have ever
been narrated between the covers of a book. He himself, my lord, is a
physical wreck from cobbler’s weak chest. His submission is that he is
of Mongolian extraction and irresponsible for his actions. Not all
there, in fact.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Barefoot, pigeonbreasted, in lascar’s vest and trousers,
apologetic toes turned in, opens his tiny mole’s eyes and looks about
him dazedly, passing a slow hand across his forehead. Then he hitches
his belt sailor fashion and with a shrug of oriental obeisance salutes
the court, pointing one thumb heavenward.)</em> Him makee velly muchee
fine night. <em>(He begins to lilt simply.)</em></p>
<p>Li li poo lil chile<br />
Blingee pigfoot evly night<br />
Payee two shilly...</p>
<p><em>(He is howled down.)</em></p>
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: <em>(Hotly to the populace.)</em> This is a lonehand
fight. By Hades, I will not have any client of mine gagged and badgered
in this fashion by a pack of curs and laughing hyenas. The Mosaic code
has superseded the law of the jungle. I say it and I say it
emphatically, without wishing for one moment to defeat the ends of
justice, accused was not accessory before the act and prosecutrix has
not been tampered with. The young person was treated by defendant as if
she were his very own daughter. <em>(Bloom takes J. J. O’Molloy’s hand
and raises it to his lips.)</em> I shall call rebutting evidence to
prove up to the hilt that the hidden hand is again at its old game. When
in doubt persecute Bloom. My client, an innately bashful man, would be
the last man in the world to do anything ungentlemanly which injured
modesty could object to or cast a stone at a girl who took the wrong
turning when some dastard, responsible for her condition, had worked his
own sweet will on her. He wants to go straight. I regard him as the
whitest man I know. He is down on his luck at present owing to the
mortgaging of his extensive property at Agendath Netaim in faraway Asia
Minor, slides of which will now be shown. <em>(To Bloom.)</em> I suggest
that you will do the handsome thing.</p>
<p>BLOOM: A penny in the pound.</p>
<p><em>(The image of the lake of Kinnereth with blurred cattle cropping
in silver haze is projected on the wall. Moses Dlugacz, ferreteyed
albino, in blue dungarees, stands up in the gallery, holding in each
hand an orange citron and a pork kidney.)</em></p>
<p>DLUGACZ: <em>(Hoarsely.)</em> Bleibtreustrasse, Berlin, W. 13.</p>
<p><em>(J. J. O’Molloy steps on to a low plinth and holds the lapel of
his coat with solemnity. His face lengthens, grows pale and bearded,
with sunken eyes, the blotches of phthisis and hectic cheekbones of John
F. Taylor. He applies his handkerchief to his mouth and scrutinises the
galloping tide of rosepink blood.)</em></p>
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: <em>(Almost voicelessly.)</em> Excuse me. I am
suffering from a severe chill, have recently come from a sickbed. A few
wellchosen words. <em>(He assumes the avine head, foxy moustache and
proboscidal eloquence of Seymour Bushe.)</em> When the angel’s book
comes to be opened if aught that the pensive bosom has inaugurated of
soultransfigured and of soultransfiguring deserves to live I say accord
the prisoner at the bar the sacred benefit of the doubt.</p>
<p><em>(A paper with something written on it is handed into
court.</em>)</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In court dress.)</em> Can give best references. Messrs
Callan, Coleman. Mr Wisdom Hely J. P. My old chief Joe Cuffe. Mr V. B.
Dillon, ex lord mayor of Dublin. I have moved in the charmed circle of
the highest... Queens of Dublin society. <em>(Carelessly.)</em> I was
just chatting this afternoon at the viceregal lodge to my old pals, sir
Robert and lady Ball, astronomer royal, at the levee. Sir Bob, I
said...</p>
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: <em>(In lowcorsaged opal balldress and
elbowlength ivory gloves, wearing a sabletrimmed brickquilted dolman, a
comb of brilliants and panache of osprey in her hair.)</em> Arrest him,
constable. He wrote me an anonymous letter in prentice backhand when my
husband was in the North Riding of Tipperary on the Munster circuit,
signed James Lovebirch. He said that he had seen from the gods my
peerless globes as I sat in a box of the <em>Theatre Royal</em> at a
command performance of <em>La Cigale</em>. I deeply inflamed him, he
said. He made improper overtures to me to misconduct myself at half past
four p.m. on the following Thursday, Dunsink time. He offered to send me
through the post a work of fiction by Monsieur Paul de Kock, entitled
<em>The Girl with the Three Pairs of Stays</em>.</p>
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: <em>(In cap and seal coney mantle, wrapped up to the
nose, steps out of her brougham and scans through tortoiseshell
quizzing-glasses which she takes from inside her huge opossum
muff.)</em> Also to me. Yes, I believe it is the same objectionable
person. Because he closed my carriage door outside sir Thornley Stoker’s
one sleety day during the cold snap of February ninetythree when even
the grid of the wastepipe and the ballstop in my bath cistern were
frozen. Subsequently he enclosed a bloom of edelweiss culled on the
heights, as he said, in my honour. I had it examined by a botanical
expert and elicited the information that it was a blossom of the
homegrown potato plant purloined from a forcingcase of the model
farm.</p>
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Shame on him!</p>
<p><em>(A crowd of sluts and ragamuffins surges forward.)</em></p>
<p>THE SLUTS AND RAGAMUFFINS: <em>(Screaming.)</em> Stop thief! Hurrah
there, Bluebeard! Three cheers for Ikey Mo!</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Produces handcuffs.)</em> Here are the
darbies.</p>
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: He addressed me in several handwritings with fulsome
compliments as a Venus in furs and alleged profound pity for my
frostbound coachman Palmer while in the same breath he expressed himself
as envious of his earflaps and fleecy sheepskins and of his fortunate
proximity to my person, when standing behind my chair wearing my livery
and the armorial bearings of the Bellingham escutcheon garnished sable,
a buck’s head couped or. He lauded almost extravagantly my nether
extremities, my swelling calves in silk hose drawn up to the limit, and
eulogised glowingly my other hidden treasures in priceless lace which,
he said, he could conjure up. He urged me (Stating that he felt it his
mission in life to urge me.) to defile the marriage bed, to commit
adultery at the earliest possible opportunity.</p>
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(In amazon costume, hard hat,
jackboots cockspurred, vermilion waistcoat, fawn musketeer gauntlets
with braided drums, long train held up and hunting crop with which she
strikes her welt constantly.)</em> Also me. Because he saw me on the
polo ground of the Phoenix park at the match All Ireland versus the Rest
of Ireland. My eyes, I know, shone divinely as I watched Captain Slogger
Dennehy of the Inniskillings win the final chukkar on his darling cob
<em>Centaur.</em> This plebeian Don Juan observed me from behind a
hackney car and sent me in double envelopes an obscene photograph, such
as are sold after dark on Paris boulevards, insulting to any lady. I
have it still. It represents a partially nude señorita, frail and lovely
(his wife, as he solemnly assured me, taken by him from nature),
practising illicit intercourse with a muscular torero, evidently a
blackguard. He urged me to do likewise, to misbehave, to sin with
officers of the garrison. He implored me to soil his letter in an
unspeakable manner, to chastise him as he richly deserves, to bestride
and ride him, to give him a most vicious horsewhipping.</p>
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: Me too.</p>
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Me too.</p>
<p><em>(Several highly respectable Dublin ladies hold up improper
letters received from Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(Stamps her jingling spurs in
a sudden paroxysm of fury.)</em> I will, by the God above me. I’ll
scourge the pigeonlivered cur as long as I can stand over him. I’ll flay
him alive.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His eyes closing, quails expectantly.)</em> Here? <em>(He
squirms.)</em> Again! <em>(He pants cringing.)</em> I love the
danger.</p>
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: Very much so! I’ll make it hot for
you. I’ll make you dance Jack Latten for that.</p>
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: Tan his breech well, the upstart! Write the stars and
stripes on it!</p>
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: Disgraceful! There’s no excuse for him! A
married man!</p>
<p>BLOOM: All these people. I meant only the spanking idea. A warm
tingling glow without effusion. Refined birching to stimulate the
circulation.</p>
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(Laughs derisively.)</em> O,
did you, my fine fellow? Well, by the living God, you’ll get the
surprise of your life now, believe me, the most unmerciful hiding a man
ever bargained for. You have lashed the dormant tigress in my nature
into fury.</p>
<p>MRS BELLINGHAM: <em>(Shakes her muff and quizzing-glasses
vindictively.)</em> Make him smart, Hanna dear. Give him ginger. Thrash
the mongrel within an inch of his life. The cat-o’-nine-tails. Geld him.
Vivisect him.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shuddering, shrinking, joins his hands: with hangdog
mien.)</em> O cold! O shivery! It was your ambrosial beauty. Forget,
forgive. Kismet. Let me off this once. <em>(He offers the other
cheek.)</em></p>
<p>MRS YELVERTON BARRY: <em>(Severely.)</em> Don’t do so on any account,
Mrs Talboys! He should be soundly trounced!</p>
<p>THE HONOURABLE MRS MERVYN TALBOYS: <em>(Unbuttoning her gauntlet
violently.)</em> I’ll do no such thing. Pigdog and always was ever since
he was pupped! To dare address me! I’ll flog him black and blue in the
public streets. I’ll dig my spurs in him up to the rowel. He is a
wellknown cuckold. <em>(She swishes her huntingcrop savagely in the
air.)</em> Take down his trousers without loss of time. Come here, sir!
Quick! Ready?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Trembling, beginning to obey.)</em> The weather has been
so warm.</p>
<p><em>(Davy Stephens, ringletted, passes with a bevy of barefoot
newsboys.)</em></p>
<p>DAVY STEPHENS: <em>Messenger of the Sacred Heart</em> and <em>Evening
Telegraph</em> with Saint Patrick’s Day supplement. Containing the new
addresses of all the cuckolds in Dublin.</p>
<p><em>(The very reverend Canon O’Hanlon in cloth of gold cope elevates
and exposes a marble timepiece. Before him Father Conroy and the
reverend John Hughes S. J. bend low.)</em></p>
<p>THE TIMEPIECE: <em>(Unportalling.)</em></p>
<p>Cuckoo.<br />
Cuckoo.<br />
Cuckoo.</p>
<p><em>(The brass quoits of a bed are heard to jingle.)</em></p>
<p>THE QUOITS: Jigjag. Jigajiga. Jigjag.</p>
<p><em>(A panel of fog rolls back rapidly, revealing rapidly in the
jurybox the faces of Martin Cunningham, foreman, silkhatted, Jack Power,
Simon Dedalus, Tom Kernan, Ned Lambert, John Henry Menton, Myles
Crawford, Lenehan, Paddy Leonard, Nosey Flynn, M’Coy and the featureless
face of a Nameless One.)</em></p>
<p>THE NAMELESS ONE: Bareback riding. Weight for age. Gob, he organised
her.</p>
<p>THE JURORS: <em>(All their heads turned to his voice.)</em>
Really?</p>
<p>THE NAMELESS ONE: <em>(Snarls.)</em> Arse over tip. Hundred shillings
to five.</p>
<p>THE JURORS: <em>(All their heads lowered in assent.)</em> Most of us
thought as much.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: He is a marked man. Another girl’s plait cut. Wanted:
Jack the Ripper. A thousand pounds reward.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Awed, whispers.)</em> And in black. A mormon.
Anarchist.</p>
<p>THE CRIER: <em>(Loudly.)</em> Whereas Leopold Bloom of no fixed abode
is a wellknown dynamitard, forger, bigamist, bawd and cuckold and a
public nuisance to the citizens of Dublin and whereas at this commission
of assizes the most honourable...</p>
<p><em>(His Honour, sir Frederick Falkiner, recorder of Dublin, in
judicial garb of grey stone rises from the bench, stonebearded. He bears
in his arms an umbrella sceptre. From his forehead arise starkly the
Mosaic ramshorns.)</em></p>
<p>THE RECORDER: I will put an end to this white slave traffic and rid
Dublin of this odious pest. Scandalous! <em>(He dons the black
cap.)</em> Let him be taken, Mr Subsheriff, from the dock where he now
stands and detained in custody in Mountjoy prison during His Majesty’s
pleasure and there be hanged by the neck until he is dead and therein
fail not at your peril or may the Lord have mercy on your soul. Remove
him. <em>(A black skullcap descends upon his head.)</em></p>
<p><em>(The subsheriff Long John Fanning appears, smoking a pungent
Henry Clay.)</em></p>
<p>LONG JOHN FANNING: <em>(Scowls and calls with rich rolling
utterance.)</em> Who’ll hang Judas Iscariot?</p>
<p><em>(H. Rumbold, master barber, in a bloodcoloured jerkin and
tanner’s apron, a rope coiled over his shoulder, mounts the block. A
life preserver and a nailstudded bludgeon are stuck in his belt. He rubs
grimly his grappling hands, knobbed with knuckledusters.)</em></p>
<p>RUMBOLD: <em>(To the recorder with sinister familiarity.)</em>
Hanging Harry, your Majesty, the Mersey terror. Five guineas a jugular.
Neck or nothing.</p>
<p><em>(The bells of George’s church toll slowly, loud dark
iron.)</em></p>
<p>THE BELLS: Heigho! Heigho!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Desperately.)</em> Wait. Stop. Gulls. Good heart. I saw.
Innocence. Girl in the monkeyhouse. Zoo. Lewd chimpanzee.
<em>(Breathlessly.)</em> Pelvic basin. Her artless blush unmanned me.
<em>(Overcome with emotion.)</em> I left the precincts. (He turns to a
figure in the crowd, appealing.) Hynes, may I speak to you? You know me.
That three shillings you can keep. If you want a little more...</p>
<p>HYNES: <em>(Coldly.)</em> You are a perfect stranger.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Points to the corner.)</em> The bomb is here.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Infernal machine with a time fuse.</p>
<p>BLOOM: No, no. Pig’s feet. I was at a funeral.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Draws his truncheon.)</em> Liar!</p>
<p><em>(The beagle lifts his snout, showing the grey scorbutic face of
Paddy Dignam. He has gnawed all. He exhales a putrid carcasefed breath.
He grows to human size and shape. His dachshund coat becomes a brown
mortuary habit. His green eye flashes bloodshot. Half of one ear, all
the nose and both thumbs are ghouleaten.)</em></p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: <em>(In a hollow voice.)</em> It is true. It was my
funeral. Doctor Finucane pronounced life extinct when I succumbed to the
disease from natural causes.</p>
<p><em>(He lifts his mutilated ashen face moonwards and bays
lugubriously.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In triumph.)</em> You hear?</p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: Bloom, I am Paddy Dignam’s spirit. List, list, O
list!</p>
<p>BLOOM: The voice is the voice of Esau.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Blesses himself.)</em> How is that possible?</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: It is not in the penny catechism.</p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: By metempsychosis. Spooks.</p>
<p>A VOICE: O rocks.</p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: <em>(Earnestly.)</em> Once I was in the employ of Mr J.
H. Menton, solicitor, commissioner for oaths and affidavits, of 27
Bachelor’s Walk. Now I am defunct, the wall of the heart hypertrophied.
Hard lines. The poor wife was awfully cut up. How is she bearing it?
Keep her off that bottle of sherry. <em>(He looks round him.)</em> A
lamp. I must satisfy an animal need. That buttermilk didn’t agree with
me.</p>
<p><em>(The portly figure of John O’Connell, caretaker, stands forth,
holding a bunch of keys tied with crape. Beside him stands Father
Coffey, chaplain, toadbellied, wrynecked, in a surplice and bandanna
nightcap, holding sleepily a staff of twisted poppies.)</em></p>
<p>FATHER COFFEY: <em>(Yawns, then chants with a hoarse croak.)</em>
Namine. Jacobs. Vobiscuits. Amen.</p>
<p>JOHN O’CONNELL: <em>(Foghorns stormily through his megaphone.)</em>
Dignam, Patrick T, deceased.</p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: <em>(With pricked up ears, winces.)</em> Overtones.
<em>(He wriggles forward and places an ear to the ground.)</em> My
master’s voice!</p>
<p>JOHN O’CONNELL: Burial docket letter number U. P. eightyfive
thousand. Field seventeen. House of Keys. Plot, one hundred and one.</p>
<p><em>(Paddy Dignam listens with visible effort, thinking, his tail
stiffpointed, his ears cocked.)</em></p>
<p>PADDY DIGNAM: Pray for the repose of his soul.</p>
<p><em>(He worms down through a coalhole, his brown habit trailing its
tether over rattling pebbles. After him toddles an obese grandfather rat
on fungus turtle paws under a grey carapace. Dignam’s voice, muffled, is
heard baying under ground:</em> Dignam’s dead and gone below. <em>Tom
Rochford, robinredbreasted, in cap and breeches, jumps from his
twocolumned machine.)</em></p>
<p>TOM ROCHFORD: <em>(A hand to his breastbone, bows.)</em> Reuben J. A
florin I find him. <em>(He fixes the manhole with a resolute
stare.)</em> My turn now on. Follow me up to Carlow.</p>
<p><em>(He executes a daredevil salmon leap in the air and is engulfed
in the coalhole. Two discs on the columns wobble, eyes of nought. All
recedes. Bloom plodges forward again through the sump. Kisses chirp amid
the rifts of fog. A piano sounds. He stands before a lighted house,
listening. The kisses, winging from their bowers, fly about him,
twittering, warbling, cooing.)</em></p>
<p>THE KISSES: <em>(Warbling.)</em> Leo! <em>(Twittering.)</em> Icky
licky micky sticky for Leo! <em>(Cooing.)</em> Coo coocoo! Yummyyum,
Womwom! <em>(Warbling.)</em> Big comebig! Pirouette! Leopopold!
<em>(Twittering.)</em> Leeolee! <em>(Warbling.)</em> O Leo!</p>
<p><em>(They rustle, flutter upon his garments, alight, bright giddy
flecks, silvery sequins.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: A man’s touch. Sad music. Church music. Perhaps here.</p>
<p><em>(Zoe Higgins, a young whore in a sapphire slip, closed with three
bronze buckles, a slim black velvet fillet round her throat, nods, trips
down the steps and accosts him.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: Are you looking for someone? He’s inside with his friend.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Is this Mrs Mack’s?</p>
<p>ZOE: No, eightyone. Mrs Cohen’s. You might go farther and fare worse.
Mother Slipperslapper. <em>(Familiarly.)</em> She’s on the job herself
tonight with the vet her tipster that gives her all the winners and pays
for her son in Oxford. Working overtime but her luck’s turned today.
<em>(Suspiciously.)</em> You’re not his father, are you?</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-18.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-18.htm.html_pgepubid00081"
class="chapter">
<p>BLOOM: Not I!</p>
<p>ZOE: You both in black. Has little mousey any tickles tonight?</p>
<p><em>(His skin, alert, feels her fingertips approach. A hand glides
over his left thigh.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: How’s the nuts?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Off side. Curiously they are on the right. Heavier, I suppose.
One in a million my tailor, Mesias, says.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(In sudden alarm.)</em> You’ve a hard chancre.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Not likely.</p>
<p>ZOE: I feel it.</p>
<p><em>(Her hand slides into his left trouser pocket and brings out a
hard black shrivelled potato. She regards it and Bloom with dumb moist
lips.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: A talisman. Heirloom.</p>
<p>ZOE: For Zoe? For keeps? For being so nice, eh?</p>
<p><em>(She puts the potato greedily into a pocket then links his arm,
cuddling him with supple warmth. He smiles uneasily. Slowly, note by
note, oriental music is played. He gazes in the tawny crystal of her
eyes, ringed with kohol. His smile softens.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: You’ll know me the next time.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Forlornly.)</em> I never loved a dear gazelle but it was
sure to...</p>
<p><em>(Gazelles are leaping, feeding on the mountains. Near are lakes.
Round their shores file shadows black of cedargroves. Aroma rises, a
strong hairgrowth of resin. It burns, the orient, a sky of sapphire,
cleft by the bronze flight of eagles. Under it lies the womancity, nude,
white, still, cool, in luxury. A fountain murmurs among damask roses.
Mammoth roses murmur of scarlet winegrapes. A wine of shame, lust, blood
exudes, strangely murmuring.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Murmuring singsong with the music, her odalisk lips
lusciously smeared with salve of swinefat and rosewater.) Schorach ani
wenowach, benoith Hierushaloim.</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Fascinated.)</em> I thought you were of good stock by
your accent.</p>
<p>ZOE: And you know what thought did?</p>
<p><em>(She bites his ear gently with little goldstopped teeth, sending
on him a cloying breath of stale garlic. The roses draw apart, disclose
a sepulchre of the gold of kings and their mouldering bones.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Draws back, mechanically caressing her right bub with a
flat awkward hand.)</em> Are you a Dublin girl?</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Catches a stray hair deftly and twists it to her
coil.)</em> No bloody fear. I’m English. Have you a swaggerroot?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(As before.)</em> Rarely smoke, dear. Cigar now and then.
Childish device. <em>(Lewdly.)</em> The mouth can be better engaged than
with a cylinder of rank weed.</p>
<p>ZOE: Go on. Make a stump speech out of it.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In workman’s corduroy overalls, black gansy with red
floating tie and apache cap.)</em> Mankind is incorrigible. Sir Walter
Ralegh brought from the new world that potato and that weed, the one a
killer of pestilence by absorption, the other a poisoner of the ear,
eye, heart, memory, will, understanding, all. That is to say he brought
the poison a hundred years before another person whose name I forget
brought the food. Suicide. Lies. All our habits. Why, look at our public
life!</p>
<p><em>(Midnight chimes from distant steeples.)</em></p>
<p>THE CHIMES: Turn again, Leopold! Lord mayor of Dublin!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In alderman’s gown and chain.)</em> Electors of Arran
Quay, Inns Quay, Rotunda, Mountjoy and North Dock, better run a
tramline, I say, from the cattlemarket to the river. That’s the music of
the future. That’s my programme. <em>Cui bono?</em> But our bucaneering
Vanderdeckens in their phantom ship of finance...</p>
<p>AN ELECTOR: Three times three for our future chief magistrate!</p>
<p><em>(The aurora borealis of the torchlight procession
leaps.)</em></p>
<p>THE TORCHBEARERS: Hooray!</p>
<p><em>(Several wellknown burgesses, city magnates and freemen of the
city shake hands with Bloom and congratulate him. Timothy Harrington,
late thrice Lord Mayor of Dublin, imposing in mayoral scarlet, gold
chain and white silk tie, confers with councillor Lorcan Sherlock,</em>
locum tenens. <em>They nod vigorously in agreement.)</em></p>
<p>LATE LORD MAYOR HARRINGTON: <em>(In scarlet robe with mace, gold
mayoral chain and large white silk scarf.)</em> That alderman sir Leo
Bloom’s speech be printed at the expense of the ratepayers. That the
house in which he was born be ornamented with a commemorative tablet and
that the thoroughfare hitherto known as Cow Parlour off Cork street be
henceforth designated Boulevard Bloom.</p>
<p>COUNCILLOR LORCAN SHERLOCK: Carried unanimously.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Impassionedly.)</em> These flying Dutchmen or lying
Dutchmen as they recline in their upholstered poop, casting dice, what
reck they? Machines is their cry, their chimera, their panacea.
Laboursaving apparatuses, supplanters, bugbears, manufactured monsters
for mutual murder, hideous hobgoblins produced by a horde of
capitalistic lusts upon our prostituted labour. The poor man starves
while they are grassing their royal mountain stags or shooting peasants
and phartridges in their purblind pomp of pelf and power. But their
reign is rover for rever and ever and ev...</p>
<p><em>(Prolonged applause. Venetian masts, maypoles and festal arches
spring up. A streamer bearing the legends</em> Cead Mile Failte
<em>and</em> Mah Ttob Melek Israel <em>spans the street. All the windows
are thronged with sightseers, chiefly ladies. Along the route the
regiments of the Royal Dublin Fusiliers, the King’s own Scottish
Borderers, the Cameron Highlanders and the Welsh Fusiliers, standing to
attention, keep back the crowd. Boys from High school are perched on the
lampposts, telegraph poles, windowsills, cornices, gutters, chimneypots,
railings, rainspouts, whistling and cheering. The pillar of the cloud
appears. A fife and drum band is heard in the distance playing the Kol
Nidre. The beaters approach with imperial eagles hoisted, trailing
banners and waving oriental palms. The chryselephantine papal standard
rises high, surrounded by pennons of the civic flag. The van of the
procession appears headed by John Howard Parnell, city marshal, in a
chessboard tabard, the Athlone Poursuivant and Ulster King of Arms. They
are followed by the Right Honourable Joseph Hutchinson, lord mayor of
Dublin, his lordship the lord mayor of Cork, their worships the mayors
of Limerick, Galway, Sligo and Waterford, twentyeight Irish
representative peers, sirdars, grandees and maharajahs bearing the cloth
of estate, the Dublin Metropolitan Fire Brigade, the chapter of the
saints of finance in their plutocratic order of precedence, the bishop
of Down and Connor, His Eminence Michael cardinal Logue, archbishop of
Armagh, primate of all Ireland, His Grace, the most reverend Dr William
Alexander, archbishop of Armagh, primate of all Ireland, the chief
rabbi, the presbyterian moderator, the heads of the baptist, anabaptist,
methodist and Moravian chapels and the honorary secretary of the society
of friends. After them march the guilds and trades and trainbands with
flying colours: coopers, bird fanciers, millwrights, newspaper
canvassers, law scriveners, masseurs, vintners, trussmakers,
chimneysweeps, lard refiners, tabinet and poplin weavers, farriers,
Italian warehousemen, church decorators, bootjack manufacturers,
undertakers, silk mercers, lapidaries, salesmasters, corkcutters,
assessors of fire losses, dyers and cleaners, export bottlers,
fellmongers, ticketwriters, heraldic seal engravers, horse repository
hands, bullion brokers, cricket and archery outfitters, riddlemakers,
egg and potato factors, hosiers and glovers, plumbing contractors. After
them march gentlemen of the bedchamber, Black Rod, Deputy Garter, Gold
Stick, the master of horse, the lord great chamberlain, the earl
marshal, the high constable carrying the sword of state, saint Stephen’s
iron crown, the chalice and bible. Four buglers on foot blow a sennet.
Beefeaters reply, winding clarions of welcome. Under an arch of triumph
Bloom appears, bareheaded, in a crimson velvet mantle trimmed with
ermine, bearing Saint Edward’s staff, the orb and sceptre with the dove,
the curtana. He is seated on a milkwhite horse with long flowing crimson
tail, richly caparisoned, with golden headstall. Wild excitement. The
ladies from their balconies throw down rosepetals. The air is perfumed
with essences. The men cheer. Bloom’s boys run amid the bystanders with
branches of hawthorn and wrenbushes.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM’S BOYS:</p>
<p>The wren, the wren,<br />
The king of all birds,<br />
Saint Stephen’s his day<br />
Was caught in the furze.</p>
<p>A BLACKSMITH: <em>(Murmurs.)</em> For the honour of God! And is that
Bloom? He scarcely looks thirtyone.</p>
<p>A PAVIOR AND FLAGGER: That’s the famous Bloom now, the world’s
greatest reformer. Hats off!</p>
<p><em>(All uncover their heads. Women whisper eagerly.)</em></p>
<p>A MILLIONAIRESS: <em>(Richly.)</em> Isn’t he simply wonderful?</p>
<p>A NOBLEWOMAN: <em>(Nobly.)</em> All that man has seen!</p>
<p>A FEMINIST: <em>(Masculinely.)</em> And done!</p>
<p>A BELLHANGER: A classic face! He has the forehead of a thinker.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom’s weather. A sunburst appears in the northwest.)</em></p>
<p>THE BISHOP OF DOWN AND CONNOR: I here present your undoubted
emperor-president and king-chairman, the most serene and potent and very
puissant ruler of this realm. God save Leopold the First!</p>
<p>ALL: God save Leopold the First!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In dalmatic and purple mantle, to the bishop of Down and
Connor, with dignity.)</em> Thanks, somewhat eminent sir.</p>
<p>WILLIAM, ARCHBISHOP OF ARMAGH: <em>(In purple stock and shovel
hat.)</em> Will you to your power cause law and mercy to be executed in
all your judgments in Ireland and territories thereunto belonging?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Placing his right hand on his testicles, swears.)</em> So
may the Creator deal with me. All this I promise to do.</p>
<p>MICHAEL, ARCHBISHOP OF ARMAGH: <em>(Pours a cruse of hairoil over
Bloom’s head.) Gaudium magnum annuntio vobis. Habemus carneficem.</em>
Leopold, Patrick, Andrew, David, George, be thou anointed!</p>
<p><em>(Bloom assumes a mantle of cloth of gold and puts on a ruby ring.
He ascends and stands on the stone of destiny. The representative peers
put on at the same time their twentyeight crowns. Joybells ring in
Christ church, Saint Patrick’s, George’s and gay Malahide. Mirus bazaar
fireworks go up from all sides with symbolical phallopyrotechnic
designs. The peers do homage, one by one, approaching and
genuflecting.)</em></p>
<p>THE PEERS: I do become your liege man of life and limb to earthly
worship.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom holds up his right hand on which sparkles the Koh-i-Noor
diamond. His palfrey neighs. Immediate silence. Wireless
intercontinental and interplanetary transmitters are set for reception
of message.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: My subjects! We hereby nominate our faithful charger Copula
Felix hereditary Grand Vizier and announce that we have this day
repudiated our former spouse and have bestowed our royal hand upon the
princess Selene, the splendour of night.</p>
<p><em>(The former morganatic spouse of Bloom is hastily removed in the
Black Maria. The princess Selene, in moonblue robes, a silver crescent
on her head, descends from a Sedan chair, borne by two giants. An
outburst of cheering.)</em></p>
<p>JOHN HOWARD PARNELL: <em>(Raises the royal standard.)</em>
Illustrious Bloom! Successor to my famous brother!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Embraces John Howard Parnell.)</em> We thank you from our
heart, John, for this right royal welcome to green Erin, the promised
land of our common ancestors.</p>
<p><em>(The freedom of the city is presented to him embodied in a
charter. The keys of Dublin, crossed on a crimson cushion, are given to
him. He shows all that he is wearing green socks.)</em></p>
<p>TOM KERNAN: You deserve it, your honour.</p>
<p>BLOOM: On this day twenty years ago we overcame the hereditary enemy
at Ladysmith. Our howitzers and camel swivel guns played on his lines
with telling effect. Half a league onward! They charge! All is lost now!
Do we yield? No! We drive them headlong! Lo! We charge! Deploying to the
left our light horse swept across the heights of Plevna and, uttering
their warcry <em>Bonafide Sabaoth</em>, sabred the Saracen gunners to a
man.</p>
<p>THE CHAPEL OF FREEMAN TYPESETTERS: Hear! Hear!</p>
<p>JOHN WYSE NOLAN: There’s the man that got away James Stephens.</p>
<p>A BLUECOAT SCHOOLBOY: Bravo!</p>
<p>AN OLD RESIDENT: You’re a credit to your country, sir, that’s what
you are.</p>
<p>AN APPLEWOMAN: He’s a man like Ireland wants.</p>
<p>BLOOM: My beloved subjects, a new era is about to dawn. I, Bloom,
tell you verily it is even now at hand. Yea, on the word of a Bloom, ye
shall ere long enter into the golden city which is to be, the new
Bloomusalem in the Nova Hibernia of the future.</p>
<p><em>(Thirtytwo workmen, wearing rosettes, from all the counties of
Ireland, under the guidance of Derwan the builder, construct the new
Bloomusalem. It is a colossal edifice with crystal roof, built in the
shape of a huge pork kidney, containing forty thousand rooms. In the
course of its extension several buildings and monuments are demolished.
Government offices are temporarily transferred to railway sheds.
Numerous houses are razed to the ground. The inhabitants are lodged in
barrels and boxes, all marked in red with the letters: L. B. Several
paupers fall from a ladder. A part of the walls of Dublin, crowded with
loyal sightseers, collapses.)</em></p>
<p>THE SIGHTSEERS: <em>(Dying.) Morituri te salutant. (They
die.)</em></p>
<p><em>(A man in a brown macintosh springs up through a trapdoor. He
points an elongated finger at Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>THE MAN IN THE MACINTOSH: Don’t you believe a word he says. That man
is Leopold M’Intosh, the notorious fireraiser. His real name is
Higgins.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Shoot him! Dog of a christian! So much for M’Intosh!</p>
<p><em>(A cannonshot. The man in the macintosh disappears. Bloom with
his sceptre strikes down poppies. The instantaneous deaths of many
powerful enemies, graziers, members of parliament, members of standing
committees, are reported. Bloom’s bodyguard distribute Maundy money,
commemoration medals, loaves and fishes, temperance badges, expensive
Henry Clay cigars, free cowbones for soup, rubber preservatives in
sealed envelopes tied with gold thread, butter scotch, pineapple
rock,</em> billets doux <em>in the form of cocked hats, readymade suits,
porringers of toad in the hole, bottles of Jeyes’ Fluid, purchase
stamps, 40 days’ indulgences, spurious coins, dairyfed pork sausages,
theatre passes, season tickets available for all tramlines, coupons of
the royal and privileged Hungarian lottery, penny dinner counters, cheap
reprints of the World’s Twelve Worst Books: Froggy And Fritz (politic),
Care of the Baby (infantilic), 50 Meals for 7/6 (culinic), Was Jesus a
Sun Myth? (historic), Expel that Pain (medic), Infant’s Compendium of
the Universe (cosmic), Let’s All Chortle (hilaric), Canvasser’s Vade
Mecum (journalic), Loveletters of Mother Assistant (erotic), Who’s Who
in Space (astric), Songs that Reached Our Heart (melodic), Pennywise’s
Way to Wealth (parsimonic). A general rush and scramble. Women press
forward to touch the hem of Bloom’s robe. The lady Gwendolen Dubedat
bursts through the throng, leaps on his horse and kisses him on both
cheeks amid great acclamation. A magnesium flashlight photograph is
taken. Babes and sucklings are held up.)</em></p>
<p>THE WOMEN: Little father! Little father!</p>
<p>THE BABES AND SUCKLINGS:</p>
<p>Clap clap hands till Poldy comes home,<br />
Cakes in his pocket for Leo alone.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom, bending down, pokes Baby Boardman gently in the
stomach.)</em></p>
<p>BABY BOARDMAN: <em>(Hiccups, curdled milk flowing from his
mouth.)</em> Hajajaja.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shaking hands with a blind stripling.)</em> My more than
Brother! <em>(Placing his arms round the shoulders of an old
couple.)</em> Dear old friends! <em>(He plays pussy fourcorners with
ragged boys and girls.)</em> Peep! Bopeep! <em>(He wheels twins in a
perambulator.)</em> Ticktacktwo wouldyousetashoe? <em>(He performs
juggler’s tricks, draws red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and
violet silk handkerchiefs from his mouth.)</em> Roygbiv. 32 feet per
second. <em>(He consoles a widow.)</em> Absence makes the heart grow
younger. <em>(He dances the Highland fling with grotesque antics.)</em>
Leg it, ye devils! <em>(He kisses the bedsores of a palsied
veteran.)</em> Honourable wounds! <em>(He trips up a fat
policeman.)</em> U. p: up. U. p: up. <em>(He whispers in the ear of a
blushing waitress and laughs kindly.)</em> Ah, naughty, naughty! <em>(He
eats a raw turnip offered him by Maurice Butterly, farmer.)</em> Fine!
Splendid! <em>(He refuses to accept three shillings offered him by
Joseph Hynes, journalist.)</em> My dear fellow, not at all! <em>(He
gives his coat to a beggar.)</em> Please accept. <em>(He takes part in a
stomach race with elderly male and female cripples.)</em> Come on, boys!
Wriggle it, girls!</p>
<p>THE CITIZEN: <em>(Choked with emotion, brushes aside a tear in his
emerald muffler.)</em> May the good God bless him!</p>
<p><em>(The rams’ horns sound for silence. The standard of Zion is
hoisted.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Uncloaks impressively, revealing obesity, unrolls a paper
and reads solemnly.)</em> Aleph Beth Ghimel Daleth Hagadah Tephilim
Kosher Yom Kippur Hanukah Roschaschana Beni Brith Bar Mitzvah Mazzoth
Askenazim Meshuggah Talith.</p>
<p><em>(An official translation is read by Jimmy Henry, assistant town
clerk.)</em></p>
<p>JIMMY HENRY: The Court of Conscience is now open. His Most Catholic
Majesty will now administer open air justice. Free medical and legal
advice, solution of doubles and other problems. All cordially invited.
Given at this our loyal city of Dublin in the year 1 of the Paradisiacal
Era.</p>
<p>PADDY LEONARD: What am I to do about my rates and taxes?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Pay them, my friend.</p>
<p>PADDY LEONARD: Thank you.</p>
<p>NOSEY FLYNN: Can I raise a mortgage on my fire insurance?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Obdurately.)</em> Sirs, take notice that by the law of
torts you are bound over in your own recognisances for six months in the
sum of five pounds.</p>
<p>J. J. O’MOLLOY: A Daniel did I say? Nay! A Peter O’Brien!</p>
<p>NOSEY FLYNN: Where do I draw the five pounds?</p>
<p>PISSER BURKE: For bladder trouble?</p>
<p>BLOOM:</p>
<p><em>Acid. nit. hydrochlor. dil.,</em> 20 minims<br />
<em>Tinct. nux vom.,</em> 5 minims<br />
<em>Extr. taraxel. lig.,</em> 30 minims.<br />
<em>Aq. dis. ter in die.</em></p>
<p>CHRIS CALLINAN: What is the parallax of the subsolar ecliptic of
Aldebaran?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Pleased to hear from you, Chris. K. 11.</p>
<p>JOE HYNES: Why aren’t you in uniform?</p>
<p>BLOOM: When my progenitor of sainted memory wore the uniform of the
Austrian despot in a dank prison where was yours?</p>
<p>BEN DOLLARD: Pansies?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Embellish (beautify) suburban gardens.</p>
<p>BEN DOLLARD: When twins arrive?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Father (pater, dad) starts thinking.</p>
<p>LARRY O’ROURKE: An eightday licence for my new premises. You remember
me, sir Leo, when you were in number seven. I’m sending around a dozen
of stout for the missus.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Coldly.)</em> You have the advantage of me. Lady Bloom
accepts no presents.</p>
<p>CROFTON: This is indeed a festivity.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Solemnly.)</em> You call it a festivity. I call it a
sacrament.</p>
<p>ALEXANDER KEYES: When will we have our own house of keys?</p>
<p>BLOOM: I stand for the reform of municipal morals and the plain ten
commandments. New worlds for old. Union of all, jew, moslem and gentile.
Three acres and a cow for all children of nature. Saloon motor hearses.
Compulsory manual labour for all. All parks open to the public day and
night. Electric dishscrubbers. Tuberculosis, lunacy, war and mendicancy
must now cease. General amnesty, weekly carnival with masked licence,
bonuses for all, esperanto the universal language with universal
brotherhood. No more patriotism of barspongers and dropsical impostors.
Free money, free rent, free love and a free lay church in a free lay
state.</p>
<p>O’MADDEN BURKE: Free fox in a free henroost.</p>
<p>DAVY BYRNE: <em>(Yawning.)</em> Iiiiiiiiiaaaaaaach!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Mixed races and mixed marriage.</p>
<p>LENEHAN: What about mixed bathing?</p>
<p><em>(Bloom explains to those near him his schemes for social
regeneration. All agree with him. The keeper of the Kildare street
museum appears, dragging a lorry on which are the shaking statues of
several naked goddesses, Venus Callipyge, Venus Pandemos, Venus
Metempsychosis, and plaster figures, also naked, representing the new
nine muses, Commerce, Operatic Music, Amor, Publicity, Manufacture,
Liberty of Speech, Plural Voting, Gastronomy, Private Hygiene, Seaside
Concert Entertainments, Painless Obstetrics and Astronomy for the
People.)</em></p>
<p>FATHER FARLEY: He is an episcopalian, an agnostic, an anythingarian
seeking to overthrow our holy faith.</p>
<p>MRS RIORDAN: <em>(Tears up her will.)</em> I’m disappointed in you!
You bad man!</p>
<p>MOTHER GROGAN: <em>(Removes her boot to throw it at Bloom.)</em> You
beast! You abominable person!</p>
<p>NOSEY FLYNN: Give us a tune, Bloom. One of the old sweet songs.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With rollicking humour.)</em></p>
<p>I vowed that I never would leave her,<br />
She turned out a cruel deceiver.<br />
With my tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom.</p>
<p>HOPPY HOLOHAN: Good old Bloom! There’s nobody like him after all.</p>
<p>PADDY LEONARD: Stage Irishman!</p>
<p>BLOOM: What railway opera is like a tramline in Gibraltar? The Rows
of Casteele.</p>
<p><em>(Laughter.)</em></p>
<p>LENEHAN: Plagiarist! Down with Bloom!</p>
<p>THE VEILED SIBYL: <em>(Enthusiastically.)</em> I’m a Bloomite and I
glory in it. I believe in him in spite of all. I’d give my life for him,
the funniest man on earth.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Winks at the bystanders.)</em> I bet she’s a bonny
lassie.</p>
<p>THEODORE PUREFOY: <em>(In fishingcap and oilskin jacket.)</em> He
employs a mechanical device to frustrate the sacred ends of nature.</p>
<p>THE VEILED SIBYL: <em>(Stabs herself.)</em> My hero god! <em>(She
dies.)</em></p>
<p><em>(Many most attractive and enthusiastic women also commit suicide
by stabbing, drowning, drinking prussic acid, aconite, arsenic, opening
their veins, refusing food, casting themselves under steamrollers, from
the top of Nelson’s Pillar, into the great vat of Guinness’s brewery,
asphyxiating themselves by placing their heads in gasovens, hanging
themselves in stylish garters, leaping from windows of different
storeys.)</em></p>
<p>ALEXANDER J DOWIE: <em>(Violently.)</em> Fellowchristians and
antiBloomites, the man called Bloom is from the roots of hell, a
disgrace to christian men. A fiendish libertine from his earliest years
this stinking goat of Mendes gave precocious signs of infantile
debauchery, recalling the cities of the plain, with a dissolute
granddam. This vile hypocrite, bronzed with infamy, is the white bull
mentioned in the Apocalypse. A worshipper of the Scarlet Woman, intrigue
is the very breath of his nostrils. The stake faggots and the caldron of
boiling oil are for him. Caliban!</p>
<p>THE MOB: Lynch him! Roast him! He’s as bad as Parnell was. Mr
Fox!</p>
<p><em>(Mother Grogan throws her boot at Bloom. Several shopkeepers from
upper and lower Dorset street throw objects of little or no commercial
value, hambones, condensed milk tins, unsaleable cabbage, stale bread,
sheep’s tails, odd pieces of fat.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Excitedly.)</em> This is midsummer madness, some ghastly
joke again. By heaven, I am guiltless as the unsunned snow! It was my
brother Henry. He is my double. He lives in number 2 Dolphin’s Barn.
Slander, the viper, has wrongfully accused me. Fellowcountrymen,
<em>sgenl inn ban bata coisde gan capall.</em> I call on my old friend,
Dr Malachi Mulligan, sex specialist, to give medical testimony on my
behalf.</p>
<p>DR MULLIGAN: <em>(In motor jerkin, green motorgoggles on his
brow.)</em> Dr Bloom is bisexually abnormal. He has recently escaped
from Dr Eustace’s private asylum for demented gentlemen. Born out of
bedlock hereditary epilepsy is present, the consequence of unbridled
lust. Traces of elephantiasis have been discovered among his ascendants.
There are marked symptoms of chronic exhibitionism. Ambidexterity is
also latent. He is prematurely bald from selfabuse, perversely
idealistic in consequence, a reformed rake, and has metal teeth. In
consequence of a family complex he has temporarily lost his memory and I
believe him to be more sinned against than sinning. I have made a
pervaginal examination and, after application of the acid test to 5427
anal, axillary, pectoral and pubic hairs, I declare him to be <em>virgo
intacta.</em></p>
<p><em>(Bloom holds his high grade hat over his genital
organs.)</em></p>
<p>DR MADDEN: Hypsospadia is also marked. In the interest of coming
generations I suggest that the parts affected should be preserved in
spirits of wine in the national teratological museum.</p>
<p>DR CROTTHERS: I have examined the patient’s urine. It is albuminoid.
Salivation is insufficient, the patellar reflex intermittent.</p>
<p>DR PUNCH COSTELLO: The <em>fetor judaicus</em> is most
perceptible.</p>
<p>DR DIXON: <em>(Reads a bill of health.)</em> Professor Bloom is a
finished example of the new womanly man. His moral nature is simple and
lovable. Many have found him a dear man, a dear person. He is a rather
quaint fellow on the whole, coy though not feebleminded in the medical
sense. He has written a really beautiful letter, a poem in itself, to
the court missionary of the Reformed Priests’ Protection Society which
clears up everything. He is practically a total abstainer and I can
affirm that he sleeps on a straw litter and eats the most Spartan food,
cold dried grocer’s peas. He wears a hairshirt of pure Irish manufacture
winter and summer and scourges himself every Saturday. He was, I
understand, at one time a firstclass misdemeanant in Glencree
reformatory. Another report states that he was a very posthumous child.
I appeal for clemency in the name of the most sacred word our vocal
organs have ever been called upon to speak. He is about to have a
baby.</p>
<p><em>(General commotion and compassion. Women faint. A wealthy
American makes a street collection for Bloom. Gold and silver coins,
blank cheques, banknotes, jewels, treasury bonds, maturing bills of
exchange, I. O. U’s, wedding rings, watchchains, lockets, necklaces and
bracelets are rapidly collected.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: O, I so want to be a mother.</p>
<p>MRS THORNTON: <em>(In nursetender’s gown.)</em> Embrace me tight,
dear. You’ll be soon over it. Tight, dear.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom embraces her tightly and bears eight male yellow and white
children. They appear on a redcarpeted staircase adorned with expensive
plants. All the octuplets are handsome, with valuable metallic faces,
wellmade, respectably dressed and wellconducted, speaking five modern
languages fluently and interested in various arts and sciences. Each has
his name printed in legible letters on his shirtfront: Nasodoro,
Goldfinger, Chrysostomos, Maindorée, Silversmile, Silberselber,
Vifargent, Panargyros. They are immediately appointed to positions of
high public trust in several different countries as managing directors
of banks, traffic managers of railways, chairmen of limited liability
companies, vicechairmen of hotel syndicates.)</em></p>
<p>A VOICE: Bloom, are you the Messiah ben Joseph or ben David?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Darkly.)</em> You have said it.</p>
<p>BROTHER BUZZ: Then perform a miracle like Father Charles.</p>
<p>BANTAM LYONS: Prophesy who will win the Saint Leger.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom walks on a net, covers his left eye with his left ear,
passes through several walls, climbs Nelson’s Pillar, hangs from the top
ledge by his eyelids, eats twelve dozen oysters (shells included), heals
several sufferers from king’s evil, contracts his face so as to resemble
many historical personages, Lord Beaconsfield, Lord Byron, Wat Tyler,
Moses of Egypt, Moses Maimonides, Moses Mendelssohn, Henry Irving, Rip
van Winkle, Kossuth, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Baron Leopold Rothschild,
Robinson Crusoe, Sherlock Holmes, Pasteur, turns each foot
simultaneously in different directions, bids the tide turn back,
eclipses the sun by extending his little finger.)</em></p>
<p>BRINI, PAPAL NUNCIO: <em>(In papal zouave’s uniform, steel cuirasses
as breastplate, armplates, thighplates, legplates, large profane
moustaches and brown paper mitre.) Leopoldi autem generatio.</em> Moses
begat Noah and Noah begat Eunuch and Eunuch begat O’Halloran and
O’Halloran begat Guggenheim and Guggenheim begat Agendath and Agendath
begat Netaim and Netaim begat Le Hirsch and Le Hirsch begat Jesurum and
Jesurum begat MacKay and MacKay begat Ostrolopsky and Ostrolopsky begat
Smerdoz and Smerdoz begat Weiss and Weiss begat Schwarz and Schwarz
begat Adrianopoli and Adrianopoli begat Aranjuez and Aranjuez begat Lewy
Lawson and Lewy Lawson begat Ichabudonosor and Ichabudonosor begat
O’Donnell Magnus and O’Donnell Magnus begat Christbaum and Christbaum
begat ben Maimun and ben Maimun begat Dusty Rhodes and Dusty Rhodes
begat Benamor and Benamor begat Jones-Smith and Jones-Smith begat
Savorgnanovich and Savorgnanovich begat Jasperstone and Jasperstone
begat Vingtetunieme and Vingtetunieme begat Szombathely and Szombathely
begat Virag and Virag begat Bloom <em>et vocabitur nomen eius
Emmanuel.</em></p>
<p>A DEADHAND: <em>(Writes on the wall.)</em> Bloom is a cod.</p>
<p>CRAB: <em>(In bushranger’s kit.)</em> What did you do in the
cattlecreep behind Kilbarrack?</p>
<p>A FEMALE INFANT: <em>(Shakes a rattle.)</em> And under Ballybough
bridge?</p>
<p>A HOLLYBUSH: And in the devil’s glen?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Blushes furiously all over from frons to nates, three
tears falling from his left eye.)</em> Spare my past.</p>
<p>THE IRISH EVICTED TENANTS: <em>(In bodycoats, kneebreeches, with
Donnybrook fair shillelaghs.)</em> Sjambok him!</p>
<p><em>(Bloom with asses’ ears seats himself in the pillory with crossed
arms, his feet protruding. He whistles</em> Don Giovanni, a cenar teco.
<em>Artane orphans, joining hands, caper round him. Girls of the Prison
Gate Mission, joining hands, caper round in the opposite
direction.)</em></p>
<p>THE ARTANE ORPHANS:</p>
<p>You hig, you hog, you dirty dog!<br />
You think the ladies love you!</p>
<p>THE PRISON GATE GIRLS:</p>
<p>If you see Kay<br />
Tell him he may<br />
See you in tea<br />
Tell him from me.</p>
<p>HORNBLOWER: <em>(In ephod and huntingcap, announces.)</em> And he
shall carry the sins of the people to Azazel, the spirit which is in the
wilderness, and to Lilith, the nighthag. And they shall stone him and
defile him, yea, all from Agendath Netaim and from Mizraim, the land of
Ham.</p>
<p><em>(All the people cast soft pantomime stones at Bloom. Many
bonafide travellers and ownerless dogs come near him and defile him.
Mastiansky and Citron approach in gaberdines, wearing long earlocks.
They wag their beards at Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>MASTIANSKY AND CITRON: Belial! Laemlein of Istria, the false Messiah!
Abulafia! Recant!</p>
<p><em>(George R Mesias, Bloom’s tailor, appears, a tailor’s goose under
his arm, presenting a bill.)</em></p>
<p>MESIAS: To alteration one pair trousers eleven shillings.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Rubs his hands cheerfully.)</em> Just like old times.
Poor Bloom!</p>
<p><em>(Reuben J Dodd, blackbearded Iscariot, bad shepherd, bearing on
his shoulders the drowned corpse of his son, approaches the
pillory.)</em></p>
<p>REUBEN J: <em>(Whispers hoarsely.)</em> The squeak is out. A split is
gone for the flatties. Nip the first rattler.</p>
<p>THE FIRE BRIGADE: Pflaap!</p>
<p>BROTHER BUZZ: <em>(Invests Bloom in a yellow habit with embroidery of
painted flames and high pointed hat. He places a bag of gunpowder round
his neck and hands him over to the civil power, saying.)</em> Forgive
him his trespasses.</p>
<p><em>(Lieutenant Myers of the Dublin Fire Brigade by general request
sets fire to Bloom. Lamentations.)</em></p>
<p>THE CITIZEN: Thank heaven!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In a seamless garment marked I. H. S. stands upright amid
phoenix flames.)</em> Weep not for me, O daughters of Erin.</p>
<p><em>(He exhibits to Dublin reporters traces of burning. The daughters
of Erin, in black garments, with large prayerbooks and long lighted
candles in their hands, kneel down and pray.)</em></p>
<p>THE DAUGHTERS OF ERIN:</p>
<p>Kidney of Bloom, pray for us<br />
Flower of the Bath, pray for us<br />
Mentor of Menton, pray for us<br />
Canvasser for the Freeman, pray for us<br />
Charitable Mason, pray for us<br />
Wandering Soap, pray for us<br />
Sweets of Sin, pray for us<br />
Music without Words, pray for us<br />
Reprover of the Citizen, pray for us<br />
Friend of all Frillies, pray for us<br />
Midwife Most Merciful, pray for us<br />
Potato Preservative against Plague and Pestilence, pray for us.</p>
<p><em>(A choir of six hundred voices, conducted by Vincent O’Brien,
sings the chorus from Handel’s Messiah</em> Alleluia for the Lord God
Omnipotent reigneth, <em>accompanied on the organ by Joseph Glynn. Bloom
becomes mute, shrunken, carbonised.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: Talk away till you’re black in the face.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In caubeen with clay pipe stuck in the band, dusty
brogues, an emigrant’s red handkerchief bundle in his hand, leading a
black bogoak pig by a sugaun, with a smile in his eye.)</em> Let me be
going now, woman of the house, for by all the goats in Connemara I’m
after having the father and mother of a bating. <em>(With a tear in his
eye.)</em> All insanity. Patriotism, sorrow for the dead, music, future
of the race. To be or not to be. Life’s dream is o’er. End it
peacefully. They can live on. <em>(He gazes far away mournfully.)</em> I
am ruined. A few pastilles of aconite. The blinds drawn. A letter. Then
lie back to rest. <em>(He breathes softly.)</em> No more. I have lived.
Fare. Farewell.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Stiffly, her finger in her neckfillet.)</em> Honest? Till
the next time. <em>(She sneers.)</em> Suppose you got up the wrong side
of the bed or came too quick with your best girl. O, I can read your
thoughts!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bitterly.)</em> Man and woman, love, what is it? A cork
and bottle. I’m sick of it. Let everything rip.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(In sudden sulks.)</em> I hate a rotter that’s insincere.
Give a bleeding whore a chance.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Repentantly.)</em> I am very disagreeable. You are a
necessary evil. Where are you from? London?</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Glibly.)</em> Hog’s Norton where the pigs plays the organs.
I’m Yorkshire born. <em>(She holds his hand which is feeling for her
nipple.)</em> I say, Tommy Tittlemouse. Stop that and begin worse. Have
you cash for a short time? Ten shillings?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Smiles, nods slowly.)</em> More, houri, more.</p>
<p>ZOE: And more’s mother? <em>(She pats him offhandedly with velvet
paws.)</em> Are you coming into the musicroom to see our new pianola?
Come and I’ll peel off.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Feeling his occiput dubiously with the unparalleled
embarrassment of a harassed pedlar gauging the symmetry of her peeled
pears.)</em> Somebody would be dreadfully jealous if she knew. The
greeneyed monster. <em>(Earnestly.)</em> You know how difficult it is. I
needn’t tell you.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Flattered.)</em> What the eye can’t see the heart can’t
grieve for. <em>(She pats him.)</em> Come.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Laughing witch! The hand that rocks the cradle.</p>
<p>ZOE: Babby!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In babylinen and pelisse, bigheaded, with a caul of dark
hair, fixes big eyes on her fluid slip and counts its bronze buckles
with a chubby finger, his moist tongue lolling and lisping.)</em> One
two tlee: tlee tlwo tlone.</p>
<p>THE BUCKLES: Love me. Love me not. Love me.</p>
<p>ZOE: Silent means consent. <em>(With little parted talons she
captures his hand, her forefinger giving to his palm the passtouch of
secret monitor, luring him to doom.)</em> Hot hands cold gizzard.</p>
<p><em>(He hesitates amid scents, music, temptations. She leads him
towards the steps, drawing him by the odour of her armpits, the vice of
her painted eyes, the rustle of her slip in whose sinuous folds lurks
the lion reek of all the male brutes that have possessed her.)</em></p>
<p>THE MALE BRUTES: <em>(Exhaling sulphur of rut and dung and ramping in
their loosebox, faintly roaring, their drugged heads swaying to and
fro.)</em> Good!</p>
<p><em>(Zoe and Bloom reach the doorway where two sister whores are
seated. They examine him curiously from under their pencilled brows and
smile to his hasty bow. He trips awkwardly.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Her lucky hand instantly saving him.)</em> Hoopsa! Don’t
fall upstairs.</p>
<p>BLOOM: The just man falls seven times. <em>(He stands aside at the
threshold.)</em> After you is good manners.</p>
<p>ZOE: Ladies first, gentlemen after.</p>
<p><em>(She crosses the threshold. He hesitates. She turns and, holding
out her hands, draws him over. He hops. On the antlered rack of the hall
hang a man’s hat and waterproof. Bloom uncovers himself but, seeing
them, frowns, then smiles, preoccupied. A door on the return landing is
flung open. A man in purple shirt and grey trousers, brownsocked, passes
with an ape’s gait, his bald head and goatee beard upheld, hugging a
full waterjugjar, his twotailed black braces dangling at heels. Averting
his face quickly Bloom bends to examine on the halltable the spaniel
eyes of a running fox: then, his lifted head sniffing, follows Zoe into
the musicroom. A shade of mauve tissuepaper dims the light of the
chandelier. Round and round a moth flies, colliding, escaping. The floor
is covered with an oilcloth mosaic of jade and azure and cinnabar
rhomboids. Footmarks are stamped over it in all senses, heel to heel,
heel to hollow, toe to toe, feet locked, a morris of shuffling feet
without body phantoms, all in a scrimmage higgledypiggledy. The walls
are tapestried with a paper of yewfronds and clear glades. In the grate
is spread a screen of peacock feathers. Lynch squats crosslegged on the
hearthrug of matted hair, his cap back to the front. With a wand he
beats time slowly. Kitty Ricketts, a bony pallid whore in navy costume,
doeskin gloves rolled back from a coral wristlet, a chain purse in her
hand, sits perched on the edge of the table swinging her leg and
glancing at herself in the gilt mirror over the mantelpiece. A tag of
her corsetlace hangs slightly below her jacket. Lynch indicates
mockingly the couple at the piano.)</em></p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Coughs behind her hand.)</em> She’s a bit imbecillic.
<em>(She signs with a waggling forefinger.)</em> Blemblem. <em>(Lynch
lifts up her skirt and white petticoat with the wand. She settles them
down quickly.)</em> Respect yourself. <em>(She hiccups, then bends
quickly her sailor hat under which her hair glows, red with henna.)</em>
O, excuse!</p>
<p>ZOE: More limelight, Charley. <em>(She goes to the chandelier and
turns the gas full cock.)</em></p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Peers at the gasjet.)</em> What ails it tonight?</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Deeply.)</em> Enter a ghost and hobgoblins.</p>
<p>ZOE: Clap on the back for Zoe.</p>
<p><em>(The wand in Lynch’s hand flashes: a brass poker. Stephen stands
at the pianola on which sprawl his hat and ashplant. With two fingers he
repeats once more the series of empty fifths. Florry Talbot, a blond
feeble goosefat whore in a tatterdemalion gown of mildewed strawberry,
lolls spreadeagle in the sofacorner, her limp forearm pendent over the
bolster, listening. A heavy stye droops over her sleepy
eyelid.)</em></p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Hiccups again with a kick of her horsed foot.)</em> O,
excuse!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Promptly.)</em> Your boy’s thinking of you. Tie a knot on
your shift.</p>
<p><em>(Kitty Ricketts bends her head. Her boa uncoils, slides, glides
over her shoulder, back, arm, chair to the ground. Lynch lifts the
curled catterpillar on his wand. She snakes her neck, nestling. Stephen
glances behind at the squatted figure with its cap back to the
front.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: As a matter of fact it is of no importance whether Benedetto
Marcello found it or made it. The rite is the poet’s rest. It may be an
old hymn to Demeter or also illustrate <em>Cœla enarrant gloriam
Domini.</em> It is susceptible of nodes or modes as far apart as
hyperphrygian and mixolydian and of texts so divergent as priests
haihooping round David’s that is Circe’s or what am I saying Ceres’
altar and David’s tip from the stable to his chief bassoonist about the
alrightness of his almightiness. <em>Mais nom de nom,</em> that is
another pair of trousers. <em>Jetez la gourme. Faut que jeunesse se
passe. (He stops, points at Lynch’s cap, smiles, laughs.)</em> Which
side is your knowledge bump?</p>
<p>THE CAP: <em>(With saturnine spleen.)</em> Bah! It is because it is.
Woman’s reason. Jewgreek is greekjew. Extremes meet. Death is the
highest form of life. Bah!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: You remember fairly accurately all my errors, boasts,
mistakes. How long shall I continue to close my eyes to disloyalty?
Whetstone!</p>
<p>THE CAP: Bah!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Here’s another for you. <em>(He frowns.)</em> The reason is
because the fundamental and the dominant are separated by the greatest
possible interval which...</p>
<p>THE CAP: Which? Finish. You can’t.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(With an effort.)</em> Interval which. Is the greatest
possible ellipse. Consistent with. The ultimate return. The octave.
Which.</p>
<p>THE CAP: Which?</p>
<p><em>(Outside the gramophone begins to blare</em> The Holy City.)</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Abruptly.)</em> What went forth to the ends of the
world to traverse not itself, God, the sun, Shakespeare, a commercial
traveller, having itself traversed in reality itself becomes that self.
Wait a moment. Wait a second. Damn that fellow’s noise in the street.
Self which it itself was ineluctably preconditioned to become.
<em>Ecco!</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(With a mocking whinny of laughter grins at Bloom and Zoe
Higgins.)</em> What a learned speech, eh?</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Briskly.)</em> God help your head, he knows more than you
have forgotten.</p>
<p><em>(With obese stupidity Florry Talbot regards Stephen.)</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: They say the last day is coming this summer.</p>
<p>KITTY: No!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Explodes in laughter.)</em> Great unjust God!</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Offended.)</em> Well, it was in the papers about
Antichrist. O, my foot’s tickling.</p>
<p><em>(Ragged barefoot newsboys, jogging a wagtail kite, patter past,
yelling.)</em></p>
<p>THE NEWSBOYS: Stop press edition. Result of the rockinghorse races.
Sea serpent in the royal canal. Safe arrival of Antichrist.</p>
<p><em>(Stephen turns and sees Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: A time, times and half a time.</p>
<p><em>(Reuben J Antichrist, wandering jew, a clutching hand open on his
spine, stumps forward. Across his loins is slung a pilgrim’s wallet from
which protrude promissory notes and dishonoured bills. Aloft over his
shoulder he bears a long boatpole from the hook of which the sodden
huddled mass of his only son, saved from Liffey waters, hangs from the
slack of its breeches. A hobgoblin in the image of Punch Costello,
hipshot, crookbacked, hydrocephalic, prognathic with receding forehead
and Ally Sloper nose, tumbles in somersaults through the gathering
darkness.)</em></p>
<p>ALL: What?</p>
<p>THE HOBGOBLIN: <em>(His jaws chattering, capers to and fro, goggling
his eyes, squeaking, kangaroohopping with outstretched clutching arms,
then all at once thrusts his lipless face through the fork of his
thighs.) Il vient! C’est moi! L’homme qui rit! L’homme primigène! (He
whirls round and round with dervish howls.) Sieurs et dames, faites vos
jeux! (He crouches juggling. Tiny roulette planets fly from his hands.)
Les jeux sont faits! (The planets rush together, uttering crepitant
cracks.) Rien va plus! (The planets, buoyant balloons, sail swollen up
and away. He springs off into vacuum.)</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Sinking into torpor, crossing herself secretly.)</em>
The end of the world!</p>
<p><em>(A female tepid effluvium leaks out from her. Nebulous obscurity
occupies space. Through the drifting fog without the gramophone blares
over coughs and feetshuffling.)</em></p>
<p>THE GRAMOPHONE:</p>
<p>Jerusalem!<br />
Open your gates and sing<br />
Hosanna...</p>
<p><em>(A rocket rushes up the sky and bursts. A white star falls from
it, proclaiming the consummation of all things and second coming of
Elijah. Along an infinite invisible tightrope taut from zenith to nadir
the End of the World, a twoheaded octopus in gillie’s kilts, busby and
tartan filibegs, whirls through the murk, head over heels, in the form
of the Three Legs of Man.)</em></p>
<p>THE END OF THE WORLD: <em>(With a Scotch accent.)</em> Wha’ll dance
the keel row, the keel row, the keel row?</p>
<p><em>(Over the possing drift and choking breathcoughs, Elijah’s voice,
harsh as a corncrake’s, jars on high. Perspiring in a loose lawn
surplice with funnel sleeves he is seen, vergerfaced, above a rostrum
about which the banner of old glory is draped. He thumps the
parapet.)</em></p>
<p>ELIJAH: No yapping, if you please, in this booth. Jake Crane, Creole
Sue, Dove Campbell, Abe Kirschner, do your coughing with your mouths
shut. Say, I am operating all this trunk line. Boys, do it now. God’s
time is 12.25. Tell mother you’ll be there. Rush your order and you play
a slick ace. Join on right here. Book through to eternity junction, the
nonstop run. Just one word more. Are you a god or a doggone clod? If the
second advent came to Coney Island are we ready? Florry Christ, Stephen
Christ, Zoe Christ, Bloom Christ, Kitty Christ, Lynch Christ, it’s up to
you to sense that cosmic force. Have we cold feet about the cosmos? No.
Be on the side of the angels. Be a prism. You have that something
within, the higher self. You can rub shoulders with a Jesus, a Gautama,
an Ingersoll. Are you all in this vibration? I say you are. You once
nobble that, congregation, and a buck joyride to heaven becomes a back
number. You got me? It’s a lifebrightener, sure. The hottest stuff ever
was. It’s the whole pie with jam in. It’s just the cutest snappiest line
out. It is immense, supersumptuous. It restores. It vibrates. I know and
I am some vibrator. Joking apart and, getting down to bedrock, A. J.
Christ Dowie and the harmonial philosophy, have you got that? O. K.
Seventyseven west sixtyninth street. Got me? That’s it. You call me up
by sunphone any old time. Bumboosers, save your stamps. <em>(He
shouts.)</em> Now then our glory song. All join heartily in the singing.
Encore! <em>(He sings.)</em> Jeru...</p>
<p>THE GRAMOPHONE: <em>(Drowning his voice.)</em>
Whorusalaminyourhighhohhhh... <em>(The disc rasps gratingly against the
needle.)</em></p>
<p>THE THREE WHORES: <em>(Covering their ears, squawk.)</em> Ahhkkk!</p>
<p>ELIJAH: <em>(In rolledup shirtsleeves, black in the face, shouts at
the top of his voice, his arms uplifted.)</em> Big Brother up there, Mr
President, you hear what I done just been saying to you. Certainly, I
sort of believe strong in you, Mr President. I certainly am thinking now
Miss Higgins and Miss Ricketts got religion way inside them. Certainly
seems to me I don’t never see no wusser scared female than the way you
been, Miss Florry, just now as I done seed you. Mr President, you come
long and help me save our sisters dear. <em>(He winks at his
audience.)</em> Our Mr President, he twig the whole lot and he aint
saying nothing.</p>
<p>KITTY-KATE: I forgot myself. In a weak moment I erred and did what I
did on Constitution hill. I was confirmed by the bishop and enrolled in
the brown scapular. My mother’s sister married a Montmorency. It was a
working plumber was my ruination when I was pure.</p>
<p>ZOE-FANNY: I let him larrup it into me for the fun of it.</p>
<p>FLORRY-TERESA: It was in consequence of a portwine beverage on top of
Hennessy’s three star. I was guilty with Whelan when he slipped into the
bed.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: In the beginning was the word, in the end the world without
end. Blessed be the eight beatitudes.</p>
<p><em>(The beatitudes, Dixon, Madden, Crotthers, Costello, Lenehan,
Bannon, Mulligan and Lynch in white surgical students’ gowns, four
abreast, goosestepping, tramp fast past in noisy marching.)</em></p>
<p>THE BEATITUDES: <em>(Incoherently.)</em> Beer beef battledog buybull
businum barnum buggerum bishop.</p>
<p>LYSTER: <em>(In quakergrey kneebreeches and broadbrimmed hat, says
discreetly.)</em> He is our friend. I need not mention names. Seek thou
the light.</p>
<p><em>(He corantos by. Best enters in hairdresser’s attire, shinily
laundered, his locks in curlpapers. He leads John Eglinton who wears a
mandarin’s kimono of Nankeen yellow, lizardlettered, and a high pagoda
hat.)</em></p>
<p>BEST: <em>(Smiling, lifts the hat and displays a shaven poll from the
crown of which bristles a pigtail toupee tied with an orange
topknot.)</em> I was just beautifying him, don’t you know. A thing of
beauty, don’t you know, Yeats says, or I mean, Keats says.</p>
<p>JOHN EGLINTON: <em>(Produces a greencapped dark lantern and flashes
it towards a corner: with carping accent.)</em> Esthetics and cosmetics
are for the boudoir. I am out for truth. Plain truth for a plain man.
Tanderagee wants the facts and means to get them.</p>
<p><em>(In the cone of the searchlight behind the coalscuttle, ollave,
holyeyed, the bearded figure of Mananaun MacLir broods, chin on knees.
He rises slowly. A cold seawind blows from his druid mouth. About his
head writhe eels and elvers. He is encrusted with weeds and shells. His
right hand holds a bicycle pump. His left hand grasps a huge crayfish by
its two talons.)</em></p>
<p>MANANAUN MACLIR: <em>(With a voice of waves.)</em> Aum! Hek! Wal! Ak!
Lub! Mor! Ma! White yoghin of the gods. Occult pimander of Hermes
Trismegistos. <em>(With a voice of whistling seawind.)</em> Punarjanam
patsypunjaub! I won’t have my leg pulled. It has been said by one:
beware the left, the cult of Shakti. <em>(With a cry of
stormbirds.)</em> Shakti Shiva, darkhidden Father! <em>(He smites with
his bicycle pump the crayfish in his left hand. On its cooperative dial
glow the twelve signs of the zodiac. He wails with the vehemence of the
ocean.)</em> Aum! Baum! Pyjaum! I am the light of the homestead! I am
the dreamery creamery butter.</p>
<p><em>(A skeleton judashand strangles the light. The green light wanes
to mauve. The gasjet wails whistling.)</em></p>
<p>THE GASJET: Pooah! Pfuiiiiiii!</p>
<p><em>(Zoe runs to the chandelier and, crooking her leg, adjusts the
mantle.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: Who has a fag as I’m here?</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Tossing a cigarette on to the table.)</em> Here.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Her head perched aside in mock pride.)</em> Is that the way
to hand the <em>pot</em> to a lady? <em>(She stretches up to light the
cigarette over the flame, twirling it slowly, showing the brown tufts of
her armpits. Lynch with his poker lifts boldly a side of her slip. Bare
from her garters up her flesh appears under the sapphire a nixie’s
green. She puffs calmly at her cigarette.)</em> Can you see the
beautyspot of my behind?</p>
<p>LYNCH: I’m not looking.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Makes sheep’s eyes.)</em> No? You wouldn’t do a less thing.
Would you suck a lemon?</p>
<p><em>(Squinting in mock shame she glances with sidelong meaning at
Bloom, then twists round towards him, pulling her slip free of the
poker. Blue fluid again flows over her flesh. Bloom stands, smiling
desirously, twirling his thumbs. Kitty Ricketts licks her middle finger
with her spittle and, gazing in the mirror, smooths both eyebrows.
Lipoti Virag, basilicogrammate, chutes rapidly down through the
chimneyflue and struts two steps to the left on gawky pink stilts. He is
sausaged into several overcoats and wears a brown macintosh under which
he holds a roll of parchment. In his left eye flashes the monocle of
Cashel Boyle O’Connor Fitzmaurice Tisdall Farrell. On his head is
perched an Egyptian pshent. Two quills project over his ears.)</em></p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Heels together, bows.)</em> My name is Virag Lipoti, of
Szombathely. <em>(He coughs thoughtfully, drily.)</em> Promiscuous
nakedness is much in evidence hereabouts, eh? Inadvertently her backview
revealed the fact that she is not wearing those rather intimate garments
of which you are a particular devotee. The injection mark on the thigh I
hope you perceived? Good.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Granpapachi. But...</p>
<p>VIRAG: Number two on the other hand, she of the cherry rouge and
coiffeuse white, whose hair owes not a little to our tribal elixir of
gopherwood, is in walking costume and tightly staysed by her sit, I
should opine. Backbone in front, so to say. Correct me but I always
understood that the act so performed by skittish humans with glimpses of
lingerie appealed to you in virtue of its exhibitionististicicity. In a
word. Hippogriff. Am I right?</p>
<p>BLOOM: She is rather lean.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Not unpleasantly.)</em> Absolutely! Well observed and
those pannier pockets of the skirt and slightly pegtop effect are
devised to suggest bunchiness of hip. A new purchase at some monster
sale for which a gull has been mulcted. Meretricious finery to deceive
the eye. Observe the attention to details of dustspecks. Never put on
you tomorrow what you can wear today. Parallax! <em>(With a nervous
twitch of his head.)</em> Did you hear my brain go snap?
Pollysyllabax!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(An elbow resting in a hand, a forefinger against his
cheek.)</em> She seems sad.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Cynically, his weasel teeth bared yellow, draws down his
left eye with a finger and barks hoarsely.)</em> Hoax! Beware of the
flapper and bogus mournful. Lily of the alley. All possess bachelor’s
button discovered by Rualdus Columbus. Tumble her. Columble her.
Chameleon. <em>(More genially.)</em> Well then, permit me to draw your
attention to item number three. There is plenty of her visible to the
naked eye. Observe the mass of oxygenated vegetable matter on her skull.
What ho, she bumps! The ugly duckling of the party, longcasted and deep
in keel.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Regretfully.)</em> When you come out without your
gun.</p>
<p>VIRAG: We can do you all brands, mild, medium and strong. Pay your
money, take your choice. How happy could you be with either...</p>
<p>BLOOM: With...?</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(His tongue upcurling.)</em> Lyum! Look. Her beam is
broad. She is coated with quite a considerable layer of fat. Obviously
mammal in weight of bosom you remark that she has in front well to the
fore two protuberances of very respectable dimensions, inclined to fall
in the noonday soupplate, while on her rere lower down are two
additional protuberances, suggestive of potent rectum and tumescent for
palpation, which leave nothing to be desired save compactness. Such
fleshy parts are the product of careful nurture. When coopfattened their
livers reach an elephantine size. Pellets of new bread with fennygreek
and gumbenjamin swamped down by potions of green tea endow them during
their brief existence with natural pincushions of quite colossal
blubber. That suits your book, eh? Fleshhotpots of Egypt to hanker
after. Wallow in it. Lycopodium. <em>(His throat twitches.)</em>
Slapbang! There he goes again.</p>
<p>BLOOM: The stye I dislike.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Arches his eyebrows.)</em> Contact with a goldring, they
say. <em>Argumentum ad feminam</em>, as we said in old Rome and ancient
Greece in the consulship of Diplodocus and Ichthyosauros. For the rest
Eve’s sovereign remedy. Not for sale. Hire only. Huguenot. <em>(He
twitches.)</em> It is a funny sound. <em>(He coughs encouragingly.)</em>
But possibly it is only a wart. I presume you shall have remembered what
I will have taught you on that head? Wheatenmeal with honey and
nutmeg.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Reflecting.)</em> Wheatenmeal with lycopodium and
syllabax. This searching ordeal. It has been an unusually fatiguing day,
a chapter of accidents. Wait. I mean, wartsblood spreads warts, you
said...</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Severely, his nose hardhumped, his side eye
winking.)</em> Stop twirling your thumbs and have a good old thunk. See,
you have forgotten. Exercise your mnemotechnic. <em>La causa è
santa</em>. Tara. Tara. <em>(Aside.)</em> He will surely remember.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Rosemary also did I understand you to say or willpower over
parasitic tissues. Then nay no I have an inkling. The touch of a
deadhand cures. Mnemo?</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Excitedly.)</em> I say so. I say so. E’en so. Technic.
<em>(He taps his parchmentroll energetically.)</em> This book tells you
how to act with all descriptive particulars. Consult index for agitated
fear of aconite, melancholy of muriatic, priapic pulsatilla. Virag is
going to talk about amputation. Our old friend caustic. They must be
starved. Snip off with horsehair under the denned neck. But, to change
the venue to the Bulgar and the Basque, have you made up your mind
whether you like or dislike women in male habiliments? <em>(With a dry
snigger.)</em> You intended to devote an entire year to the study of the
religious problem and the summer months of 1886 to square the circle and
win that million. Pomegranate! From the sublime to the ridiculous is but
a step. Pyjamas, let us say? Or stockingette gussetted knickers, closed?
Or, put we the case, those complicated combinations, camiknickers?
<em>(He crows derisively.)</em> Keekeereekee!</p>
<p><em>(Bloom surveys uncertainly the three whores then gazes at the
veiled mauve light, hearing the everflying moth.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: I wanted then to have now concluded. Nightdress was never.
Hence this. But tomorrow is a new day will be. Past was is today. What
now is will then morrow as now was be past yester.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Prompts in a pig’s whisper.)</em> Insects of the day
spend their brief existence in reiterated coition, lured by the smell of
the inferiorly pulchritudinous female possessing extendified pudendal
nerve in dorsal region. Pretty Poll! <em>(His yellow parrotbeak gabbles
nasally.)</em> They had a proverb in the Carpathians in or about the
year five thousand five hundred and fifty of our era. One tablespoonful
of honey will attract friend Bruin more than half a dozen barrels of
first choice malt vinegar. Bear’s buzz bothers bees. But of this apart.
At another time we may resume. We were very pleased, we others. <em>(He
coughs and, bending his brow, rubs his nose thoughtfully with a scooping
hand.)</em> You shall find that these night insects follow the light. An
illusion for remember their complex unadjustable eye. For all these
knotty points see the seventeenth book of my Fundamentals of Sexology or
the Love Passion which Doctor L. B. says is the book sensation of the
year. Some, to example, there are again whose movements are automatic.
Perceive. That is his appropriate sun. Nightbird nightsun nighttown.
Chase me, Charley! <em>(He blows into Bloom’s ear.)</em> Buzz!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Bee or bluebottle too other day butting shadow on wall dazed
self then me wandered dazed down shirt good job I...</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(His face impassive, laughs in a rich feminine key.)</em>
Splendid! Spanish fly in his fly or mustard plaster on his dibble.
<em>(He gobbles gluttonously with turkey wattles.)</em> Bubbly jock!
Bubbly jock! Where are we? Open Sesame! Cometh forth! <em>(He unrolls
his parchment rapidly and reads, his glowworm’s nose running backwards
over the letters which he claws.)</em> Stay, good friend. I bring thee
thy answer. Redbank oysters will shortly be upon us. I’m the best
o’cook. Those succulent bivalves may help us and the truffles of
Perigord, tubers dislodged through mister omnivorous porker, were
unsurpassed in cases of nervous debility or viragitis. Though they stink
yet they sting. <em>(He wags his head with cackling raillery.)</em>
Jocular. With my eyeglass in my ocular. <em>(He sneezes.)</em> Amen!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Absently.)</em> Ocularly woman’s bivalve case is worse.
Always open sesame. The cloven sex. Why they fear vermin, creeping
things. Yet Eve and the serpent contradicts. Not a historical fact.
Obvious analogy to my idea. Serpents too are gluttons for woman’s milk.
Wind their way through miles of omnivorous forest to sucksucculent her
breast dry. Like those bubblyjocular Roman matrons one reads of in
Elephantuliasis.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(His mouth projected in hard wrinkles, eyes stonily
forlornly closed, psalms in outlandish monotone.)</em> That the cows
with their those distended udders that they have been the the
known...</p>
<p>BLOOM: I am going to scream. I beg your pardon. Ah? So. <em>(He
repeats.)</em> Spontaneously to seek out the saurian’s lair in order to
entrust their teats to his avid suction. Ant milks aphis.
<em>(Profoundly.)</em> Instinct rules the world. In life. In death.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Head askew, arches his back and hunched wingshoulders,
peers at the moth out of blear bulged eyes, points a horning claw and
cries.)</em> Who’s moth moth? Who’s dear Gerald? Dear Ger, that you? O
dear, he is Gerald. O, I much fear he shall be most badly burned. Will
some pleashe pershon not now impediment so catastrophics mit agitation
of firstclass tablenumpkin? <em>(He mews.)</em> Puss puss puss puss!
<em>(He sighs, draws back and stares sideways down with dropping
underjaw.)</em> Well, well. He doth rest anon. (He snaps his jaws
suddenly on the air.)</p>
<p>THE MOTH:</p>
<p>I’m a tiny tiny thing<br />
Ever flying in the spring<br />
Round and round a ringaring.<br />
Long ago I was a king<br />
Now I do this kind of thing<br />
On the wing, on the wing!<br />
Bing!</p>
<p><em>(He rushes against the mauve shade, flapping noisily.)</em>
Pretty pretty pretty pretty pretty pretty petticoats.</p>
<p><em>(From left upper entrance with two gliding steps Henry Flower
comes forward to left front centre. He wears a dark mantle and drooping
plumed sombrero. He carries a silverstringed inlaid dulcimer and a
longstemmed bamboo Jacob’s pipe, its clay bowl fashioned as a female
head. He wears dark velvet hose and silverbuckled pumps. He has the
romantic Saviour’s face with flowing locks, thin beard and moustache.
His spindlelegs and sparrow feet are those of the tenor Mario, prince of
Candia. He settles down his goffered ruffs and moistens his lips with a
passage of his amorous tongue.)</em></p>
<p>HENRY: <em>(In a low dulcet voice, touching the strings of his
guitar.)</em> There is a flower that bloometh.</p>
<p><em>(Virag truculent, his jowl set, stares at the lamp. Grave Bloom
regards Zoe’s neck. Henry gallant turns with pendant dewlap to the
piano.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(To himself.)</em> Play with your eyes shut. Imitate pa.
Filling my belly with husks of swine. Too much of this. I will arise and
go to my. Expect this is the. Steve, thou art in a parlous way. Must
visit old Deasy or telegraph. Our interview of this morning has left on
me a deep impression. Though our ages. Will write fully tomorrow. I’m
partially drunk, by the way. <em>(He touches the keys again.)</em> Minor
chord comes now. Yes. Not much however.</p>
<p><em>(Almidano Artifoni holds out a batonroll of music with vigorous
moustachework.)</em></p>
<p>ARTIFONI: <em>Ci rifletta. Lei rovina tutto.</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: Sing us something. Love’s old sweet song.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: No voice. I am a most finished artist. Lynch, did I show you
the letter about the lute?</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Smirking.)</em> The bird that can sing and won’t
sing.</p>
<p><em>(The Siamese twins, Philip Drunk and Philip Sober, two Oxford
dons with lawnmowers, appear in the window embrasure. Both are masked
with Matthew Arnold’s face.)</em></p>
<p>PHILIP SOBER: Take a fool’s advice. All is not well. Work it out with
the buttend of a pencil, like a good young idiot. Three pounds twelve
you got, two notes, one sovereign, two crowns, if youth but knew.
Mooney’s en ville, Mooney’s sur mer, the Moira, Larchet’s, Holles street
hospital, Burke’s. Eh? I am watching you.</p>
<p>PHILIP DRUNK: <em>(Impatiently.)</em> Ah, bosh, man. Go to hell! I
paid my way. If I could only find out about octaves. Reduplication of
personality. Who was it told me his name? <em>(His lawnmower begins to
purr.)</em> Aha, yes. <em>Zoe mou sas agapo</em>. Have a notion I was
here before. When was it not Atkinson his card I have somewhere. Mac
Somebody. Unmack I have it. He told me about, hold on, Swinburne, was
it, no?</p>
<p>FLORRY: And the song?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.</p>
<p>FLORRY: Are you out of Maynooth? You’re like someone I knew once.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Out of it now. <em>(To himself.)</em> Clever.</p>
<p>PHILIP DRUNK AND PHILIP SOBER: <em>(Their lawnmowers purring with a
rigadoon of grasshalms.)</em> Clever ever. Out of it out of it. By the
bye have you the book, the thing, the ashplant? Yes, there it, yes.
Cleverever outofitnow. Keep in condition. Do like us.</p>
<p>ZOE: There was a priest down here two nights ago to do his bit of
business with his coat buttoned up. You needn’t try to hide, I says to
him. I know you’ve a Roman collar.</p>
<p>VIRAG: Perfectly logical from his standpoint. Fall of man.
<em>(Harshly, his pupils waxing.)</em> To hell with the pope! Nothing
new under the sun. I am the Virag who disclosed the Sex Secrets of Monks
and Maidens. Why I left the church of Rome. Read the Priest, the Woman
and the Confessional. Penrose. Flipperty Jippert. <em>(He
wriggles.)</em> Woman, undoing with sweet pudor her belt of rushrope,
offers her allmoist yoni to man’s lingam. Short time after man presents
woman with pieces of jungle meat. Woman shows joy and covers herself
with featherskins. Man loves her yoni fiercely with big lingam, the
stiff one. <em>(He cries.) Coactus volui.</em> Then giddy woman will run
about. Strong man grapses woman’s wrist. Woman squeals, bites, spucks.
Man, now fierce angry, strikes woman’s fat yadgana. <em>(He chases his
tail.)</em> Piffpaff! Popo! <em>(He stops, sneezes.)</em> Pchp! <em>(He
worries his butt.)</em> Prrrrrht!</p>
<p>LYNCH: I hope you gave the good father a penance. Nine glorias for
shooting a bishop.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Spouts walrus smoke through her nostrils.)</em> He couldn’t
get a connection. Only, you know, sensation. A dry rush.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Poor man!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Lightly.)</em> Only for what happened him.</p>
<p>BLOOM: How?</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(A diabolic rictus of black luminosity contracting his
visage, cranes his scraggy neck forward. He lifts a mooncalf nozzle and
howls.) Verfluchte Goim!</em> He had a father, forty fathers. He never
existed. Pig God! He had two left feet. He was Judas Iacchia, a Libyan
eunuch, the pope’s bastard. <em>(He leans out on tortured forepaws,
elbows bent rigid, his eye agonising in his flat skullneck and yelps
over the mute world.)</em> A son of a whore. Apocalypse.</p>
<p>KITTY: And Mary Shortall that was in the lock with the pox she got
from Jimmy Pidgeon in the blue caps had a child off him that couldn’t
swallow and was smothered with the convulsions in the mattress and we
all subscribed for the funeral.</p>
<p>PHILIP DRUNK: <em>(Gravely.) Qui vous a mis dans cette fichue
position, Philippe?</em></p>
<p>PHILIP SOBER: <em>(Gaily.) C’était le sacré pigeon,
Philippe.</em></p>
<p><em>(Kitty unpins her hat and sets it down calmly, patting her henna
hair. And a prettier, a daintier head of winsome curls was never seen on
a whore’s shoulders. Lynch puts on her hat. She whips it off.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Laughs.)</em> And to such delights has Metchnikoff
inoculated anthropoid apes.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Nods.)</em> Locomotor ataxy.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Gaily.)</em> O, my dictionary.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Three wise virgins.</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Agueshaken, profuse yellow spawn foaming over his bony
epileptic lips.)</em> She sold lovephiltres, whitewax, orangeflower.
Panther, the Roman centurion, polluted her with his genitories. <em>(He
sticks out a flickering phosphorescent scorpion tongue, his hand on his
fork.)</em> Messiah! He burst her tympanum. <em>(With gibbering baboon’s
cries he jerks his hips in the cynical spasm.)</em> Hik! Hek! Hak! Hok!
Huk! Kok! Kuk!</p>
<p><em>(Ben Jumbo Dollard, rubicund, musclebound, hairynostrilled,
hugebearded, cabbageeared, shaggychested, shockmaned, fatpapped, stands
forth, his loins and genitals tightened into a pair of black bathing
bagslops.)</em></p>
<p>BEN DOLLARD: <em>(Nakkering castanet bones in his huge padded paws,
yodels jovially in base barreltone.)</em> When love absorbs my ardent
soul.</p>
<p><em>(The virgins Nurse Callan and Nurse Quigley burst through the
ringkeepers and the ropes and mob him with open arms.)</em></p>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-19.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-19.htm.html_pgepubid00081"
class="chapter">
<p>THE VIRGINS: <em>(Gushingly.)</em> Big Ben! Ben my Chree!</p>
<p>A VOICE: Hold that fellow with the bad breeches.</p>
<p>BEN DOLLARD: <em>(Smites his thigh in abundant laughter.)</em> Hold
him now.</p>
<p>HENRY: <em>(Caressing on his breast a severed female head,
murmurs.)</em> Thine heart, mine love. <em>(He plucks his
lutestrings.)</em> When first I saw...</p>
<p>VIRAG: <em>(Sloughing his skins, his multitudinous plumage
moulting.)</em> Rats! <em>(He yawns, showing a coalblack throat, and
closes his jaws by an upward push of his parchmentroll.)</em> After
having said which I took my departure. Farewell. Fare thee well.
<em>Dreck!</em></p>
<p><em>(Henry Flower combs his moustache and beard rapidly with a
pocketcomb and gives a cow’s lick to his hair. Steered by his rapier, he
glides to the door, his wild harp slung behind him. Virag reaches the
door in two ungainly stilthops, his tail cocked, and deftly claps
sideways on the wall a pusyellow flybill, butting it with his
head.)</em></p>
<p>THE FLYBILL: K. 11. Post No Bills. Strictly confidential. Dr Hy
Franks.</p>
<p>HENRY: All is lost now.</p>
<p><em>(Virag unscrews his head in a trice and holds it under his
arm.)</em></p>
<p>VIRAG’S HEAD: Quack!</p>
<p><em>(Exeunt severally.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Over his shoulder to Zoe.)</em> You would have
preferred the fighting parson who founded the protestant error. But
beware Antisthenes, the dog sage, and the last end of Arius
Heresiarchus. The agony in the closet.</p>
<p>LYNCH: All one and the same God to her.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Devoutly.)</em> And sovereign Lord of all things.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(To Stephen.)</em> I’m sure you’re a spoiled priest. Or a
monk.</p>
<p>LYNCH: He is. A cardinal’s son.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Cardinal sin. Monks of the screw.</p>
<p><em>(His Eminence Simon Stephen Cardinal Dedalus, Primate of all
Ireland, appears in the doorway, dressed in red soutane, sandals and
socks. Seven dwarf simian acolytes, also in red, cardinal sins, uphold
his train, peeping under it. He wears a battered silk hat sideways on
his head. His thumbs are stuck in his armpits and his palms outspread.
Round his neck hangs a rosary of corks ending on his breast in a
corkscrew cross. Releasing his thumbs, he invokes grace from on high
with large wave gestures and proclaims with bloated pomp:)</em></p>
<p>THE CARDINAL:</p>
<p>Conservio lies captured<br />
He lies in the lowest dungeon<br />
With manacles and chains around his limbs<br />
Weighing upwards of three tons.</p>
<p><em>(He looks at all for a moment, his right eye closed tight, his
left cheek puffed out. Then, unable to repress his merriment, he rocks
to and fro, arms akimbo, and sings with broad rollicking
humour:)</em></p>
<p>O, the poor little fellow<br />
Hihihihihis legs they were yellow<br />
He was plump, fat and heavy and brisk as a snake<br />
But some bloody savage<br />
To graize his white cabbage<br />
He murdered Nell Flaherty’s duckloving drake.</p>
<p><em>(A multitude of midges swarms white over his robe. He scratches
himself with crossed arms at his ribs, grimacing, and
exclaims:)</em></p>
<p>I’m suffering the agony of the damned. By the hoky fiddle, thanks be
to Jesus those funny little chaps are not unanimous. If they were they’d
walk me off the face of the bloody globe.</p>
<p><em>(His head aslant he blesses curtly with fore and middle fingers,
imparts the Easter kiss and doubleshuffles off comically, swaying his
hat from side to side, shrinking quickly to the size of his
trainbearers. The dwarf acolytes, giggling, peeping, nudging, ogling,
Easterkissing, zigzag behind him. His voice is heard mellow from afar,
merciful male, melodious:)</em></p>
<p>Shall carry my heart to thee,<br />
Shall carry my heart to thee,<br />
And the breath of the balmy night<br />
Shall carry my heart to thee!</p>
<p><em>(The trick doorhandle turns.)</em></p>
<p>THE DOORHANDLE: Theeee!</p>
<p>ZOE: The devil is in that door.</p>
<p><em>(A male form passes down the creaking staircase and is heard
taking the waterproof and hat from the rack. Bloom starts forward
involuntarily and, half closing the door as he passes, takes the
chocolate from his pocket and offers it nervously to Zoe.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Sniffs his hair briskly.)</em> Hmmm! Thank your mother for
the rabbits. I’m very fond of what I like.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hearing a male voice in talk with the whores on the
doorstep, pricks his ears.)</em> If it were he? After? Or because not?
Or the double event?</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Tears open the silverfoil.)</em> Fingers was made before
forks. <em>(She breaks off and nibbles a piece, gives a piece to Kitty
Ricketts and then turns kittenishly to Lynch.)</em> No objection to
French lozenges? <em>(He nods. She taunts him.)</em> Have it now or wait
till you get it? <em>(He opens his mouth, his head cocked. She whirls
the prize in left circle. His head follows. She whirls it back in right
circle. He eyes her.)</em> Catch!</p>
<p><em>(She tosses a piece. With an adroit snap he catches it and bites
it through with a crack.)</em></p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Chewing.)</em> The engineer I was with at the bazaar does
have lovely ones. Full of the best liqueurs. And the viceroy was there
with his lady. The gas we had on the Toft’s hobbyhorses. I’m giddy
still.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In Svengali’s fur overcoat, with folded arms and
Napoleonic forelock, frowns in ventriloquial exorcism with piercing
eagle glance towards the door. Then rigid with left foot advanced he
makes a swift pass with impelling fingers and gives the sign of past
master, drawing his right arm downwards from his left shoulder.)</em>
Go, go, go, I conjure you, whoever you are!</p>
<p><em>(A male cough and tread are heard passing through the mist
outside. Bloom’s features relax. He places a hand in his waistcoat,
posing calmly. Zoe offers him chocolate.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Solemnly.)</em> Thanks.</p>
<p>ZOE: Do as you’re bid. Here!</p>
<p><em>(A firm heelclacking tread is heard on the stairs.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Takes the chocolate.)</em> Aphrodisiac? Tansy and
pennyroyal. But I bought it. Vanilla calms or? Mnemo. Confused light
confuses memory. Red influences lupus. Colours affect women’s
characters, any they have. This black makes me sad. Eat and be merry for
tomorrow. <em>(He eats.)</em> Influence taste too, mauve. But it is so
long since I. Seems new. Aphro. That priest. Must come. Better late than
never. Try truffles at Andrews.</p>
<p><em>(The door opens. Bella Cohen, a massive whoremistress, enters.
She is dressed in a threequarter ivory gown, fringed round the hem with
tasselled selvedge, and cools herself flirting a black horn fan like
Minnie Hauck in</em> Carmen. <em>On her left hand are wedding and keeper
rings. Her eyes are deeply carboned. She has a sprouting moustache. Her
olive face is heavy, slightly sweated and fullnosed with orangetainted
nostrils. She has large pendant beryl eardrops.)</em></p>
<p>BELLA: My word! I’m all of a mucksweat.</p>
<p><em>(She glances round her at the couples. Then her eyes rest on
Bloom with hard insistence. Her large fan winnows wind towards her
heated faceneck and embonpoint. Her falcon eyes glitter.)</em></p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Flirting quickly, then slowly.)</em> Married, I
see.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Yes. Partly, I have mislaid...</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Half opening, then closing.)</em> And the missus is
master. Petticoat government.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Looks down with a sheepish grin.)</em> That is so.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Folding together, rests against her left eardrop.)</em>
Have you forgotten me?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Nes. Yo.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Folded akimbo against her waist.)</em> Is me her was
you dreamed before? Was then she him you us since knew? Am all them and
the same now we?</p>
<p><em>(Bella approaches, gently tapping with the fan.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Wincing.)</em> Powerful being. In my eyes read that
slumber which women love.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Tapping.)</em> We have met. You are mine. It is
fate.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Cowed.)</em> Exuberant female. Enormously I desiderate
your domination. I am exhausted, abandoned, no more young. I stand, so
to speak, with an unposted letter bearing the extra regulation fee
before the too late box of the general postoffice of human life. The
door and window open at a right angle cause a draught of thirtytwo feet
per second according to the law of falling bodies. I have felt this
instant a twinge of sciatica in my left glutear muscle. It runs in our
family. Poor dear papa, a widower, was a regular barometer from it. He
believed in animal heat. A skin of tabby lined his winter waistcoat.
Near the end, remembering king David and the Sunamite, he shared his bed
with Athos, faithful after death. A dog’s spittle as you probably...
<em>(He winces.)</em> Ah!</p>
<p>RICHIE GOULDING: <em>(Bagweighted, passes the door.)</em> Mocking is
catch. Best value in Dub. Fit for a prince’s. Liver and kidney.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Tapping.)</em> All things end. Be mine. Now.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Undecided.)</em> All now? I should not have parted with
my talisman. Rain, exposure at dewfall on the searocks, a peccadillo at
my time of life. Every phenomenon has a natural cause.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Points downwards slowly.)</em> You may.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Looks downwards and perceives her unfastened
bootlace.)</em> We are observed.</p>
<p>THE FAN: <em>(Points downwards quickly.)</em> You must.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With desire, with reluctance.)</em> I can make a true
black knot. Learned when I served my time and worked the mail order line
for Kellett’s. Experienced hand. Every knot says a lot. Let me. In
courtesy. I knelt once before today. Ah!</p>
<p><em>(Bella raises her gown slightly and, steadying her pose, lifts to
the edge of a chair a plump buskined hoof and a full pastern,
silksocked. Bloom, stifflegged, aging, bends over her hoof and with
gentle fingers draws out and in her laces.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Murmurs lovingly.)</em> To be a shoefitter in Manfield’s
was my love’s young dream, the darling joys of sweet buttonhooking, to
lace up crisscrossed to kneelength the dressy kid footwear satinlined,
so incredibly impossibly small, of Clyde Road ladies. Even their wax
model Raymonde I visited daily to admire her cobweb hose and stick of
rhubarb toe, as worn in Paris.</p>
<p>THE HOOF: Smell my hot goathide. Feel my royal weight.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Crosslacing.)</em> Too tight?</p>
<p>THE HOOF: If you bungle, Handy Andy, I’ll kick your football for
you.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Not to lace the wrong eyelet as I did the night of the bazaar
dance. Bad luck. Hook in wrong tache of her... person you mentioned.
That night she met... Now!</p>
<p><em>(He knots the lace. Bella places her foot on the floor. Bloom
raises his head. Her heavy face, her eyes strike him in midbrow. His
eyes grow dull, darker and pouched, his nose thickens.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Mumbles.)</em> Awaiting your further orders we remain,
gentlemen,...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(With a hard basilisk stare, in a baritone voice.)</em>
Hound of dishonour!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Infatuated.)</em> Empress!</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(His heavy cheekchops sagging.)</em> Adorer of the
adulterous rump!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Plaintively.)</em> Hugeness!</p>
<p>BELLO: Dungdevourer!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With sinews semiflexed.)</em> Magmagnificence!</p>
<p>BELLO: Down! <em>(He taps her on the shoulder with his fan.)</em>
Incline feet forward! Slide left foot one pace back! You will fall. You
are falling. On the hands down!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Her eyes upturned in the sign of admiration, closing,
yaps.)</em> Truffles!</p>
<p><em>(With a piercing epileptic cry she sinks on all fours, grunting,
snuffling, rooting at his feet: then lies, shamming dead, with eyes shut
tight, trembling eyelids, bowed upon the ground in the attitude of most
excellent master.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(With bobbed hair, purple gills, fat moustache rings round
his shaven mouth, in mountaineer’s puttees, green silverbuttoned coat,
sport skirt and alpine hat with moorcock’s feather, his hands stuck deep
in his breeches pockets, places his heel on her neck and grinds it
in.)</em> Footstool! Feel my entire weight. Bow, bondslave, before the
throne of your despot’s glorious heels so glistening in their proud
erectness.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Enthralled, bleats.)</em> I promise never to disobey.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Laughs loudly.)</em> Holy smoke! You little know what’s
in store for you. I’m the Tartar to settle your little lot and break you
in! I’ll bet Kentucky cocktails all round I shame it out of you, old
son. Cheek me, I dare you. If you do tremble in anticipation of heel
discipline to be inflicted in gym costume.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom creeps under the sofa and peers out through the
fringe.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Widening her slip to screen her.)</em> She’s not here.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Closing her eyes.)</em> She’s not here.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Hiding her with her gown.)</em> She didn’t mean it, Mr
Bello. She’ll be good, sir.</p>
<p>KITTY: Don’t be too hard on her, Mr Bello. Sure you won’t,
ma’amsir.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Coaxingly.)</em> Come, ducky dear, I want a word with
you, darling, just to administer correction. Just a little heart to
heart talk, sweety. <em>(Bloom puts out her timid head.)</em> There’s a
good girly now. <em>(Bello grabs her hair violently and drags her
forward.)</em> I only want to correct you for your own good on a soft
safe spot. How’s that tender behind? O, ever so gently, pet. Begin to
get ready.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Fainting.)</em> Don’t tear my...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Savagely.)</em> The nosering, the pliers, the bastinado,
the hanging hook, the knout I’ll make you kiss while the flutes play
like the Nubian slave of old. You’re in for it this time! I’ll make you
remember me for the balance of your natural life. <em>(His forehead
veins swollen, his face congested.)</em> I shall sit on your ottoman
saddleback every morning after my thumping good breakfast of Matterson’s
fat hamrashers and a bottle of Guinness’s porter. <em>(He belches.)</em>
And suck my thumping good Stock Exchange cigar while I read the
<em>Licensed Victualler’s Gazette</em>. Very possibly I shall have you
slaughtered and skewered in my stables and enjoy a slice of you with
crisp crackling from the baking tin basted and baked like sucking pig
with rice and lemon or currant sauce. It will hurt you. <em>(He twists
her arm. Bloom squeals, turning turtle.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Don’t be cruel, nurse! Don’t!</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Twisting.)</em> Another!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Screams.)</em> O, it’s hell itself! Every nerve in my
body aches like mad!</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Shouts.)</em> Good, by the rumping jumping general!
That’s the best bit of news I heard these six weeks. Here, don’t keep me
waiting, damn you! <em>(He slaps her face.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Whimpers.)</em> You’re after hitting me. I’ll tell...</p>
<p>BELLO: Hold him down, girls, till I squat on him.</p>
<p>ZOE: Yes. Walk on him! I will.</p>
<p>FLORRY: I will. Don’t be greedy.</p>
<p>KITTY: No, me. Lend him to me.</p>
<p><em>(The brothel cook, Mrs Keogh, wrinkled, greybearded, in a greasy
bib, men’s grey and green socks and brogues, floursmeared, a rollingpin
stuck with raw pastry in her bare red arm and hand, appears at the
door.)</em></p>
<p>MRS KEOGH: <em>(Ferociously.)</em> Can I help? <em>(They hold and
pinion Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Squats with a grunt on Bloom’s upturned face, puffing
cigarsmoke, nursing a fat leg.)</em> I see Keating Clay is elected
vicechairman of the Richmond asylum and by the by Guinness’s preference
shares are at sixteen three quarters. Curse me for a fool that didn’t
buy that lot Craig and Gardner told me about. Just my infernal luck,
curse it. And that Goddamned outsider <em>Throwaway</em> at twenty to
one. <em>(He quenches his cigar angrily on Bloom’s ear.)</em> Where’s
that Goddamned cursed ashtray?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Goaded, buttocksmothered.)</em> O! O! Monsters! Cruel
one!</p>
<p>BELLO: Ask for that every ten minutes. Beg. Pray for it as you never
prayed before. <em>(He thrusts out a figged fist and foul cigar.)</em>
Here, kiss that. Both. Kiss. <em>(He throws a leg astride and, pressing
with horseman’s knees, calls in a hard voice.)</em> Gee up! A cockhorse
to Banbury cross. I’ll ride him for the Eclipse stakes. <em>(He bends
sideways and squeezes his mount’s testicles roughly, shouting.)</em> Ho!
Off we pop! I’ll nurse you in proper fashion. <em>(He horserides
cockhorse, leaping in the, in the saddle.)</em> The lady goes a pace a
pace and the coachman goes a trot a trot and the gentleman goes a gallop
a gallop a gallop a gallop.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Pulls at Bello.)</em> Let me on him now. You had enough.
I asked before you.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Pulling at Florry.)</em> Me. Me. Are you not finished with
him yet, suckeress?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Stifling.)</em> Can’t.</p>
<p>BELLO: Well, I’m not. Wait. <em>(He holds in his breath.)</em> Curse
it. Here. This bung’s about burst. <em>(He uncorks himself behind: then,
contorting his features, farts loudly.)</em> Take that! <em>(He recorks
himself.)</em> Yes, by Jingo, sixteen three quarters.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(A sweat breaking out over him.)</em> Not man. <em>(He
sniffs.)</em> Woman.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Stands up.)</em> No more blow hot and cold. What you
longed for has come to pass. Henceforth you are unmanned and mine in
earnest, a thing under the yoke. Now for your punishment frock. You will
shed your male garments, you understand, Ruby Cohen? and don the shot
silk luxuriously rustling over head and shoulders. And quickly too!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shrinks.)</em> Silk, mistress said! O crinkly! scrapy!
Must I tiptouch it with my nails?</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Points to his whores.)</em> As they are now so will you
be, wigged, singed, perfumesprayed, ricepowdered, with smoothshaven
armpits. Tape measurements will be taken next your skin. You will be
laced with cruel force into vicelike corsets of soft dove coutille with
whalebone busk to the diamondtrimmed pelvis, the absolute outside edge,
while your figure, plumper than when at large, will be restrained in
nettight frocks, pretty two ounce petticoats and fringes and things
stamped, of course, with my houseflag, creations of lovely lingerie for
Alice and nice scent for Alice. Alice will feel the pullpull. Martha and
Mary will be a little chilly at first in such delicate thighcasing but
the frilly flimsiness of lace round your bare knees will remind
you...</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(A charming soubrette with dauby cheeks, mustard hair and
large male hands and nose, leering mouth.)</em> I tried her things on
only twice, a small prank, in Holles street. When we were hard up I
washed them to save the laundry bill. My own shirts I turned. It was the
purest thrift.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Jeers.)</em> Little jobs that make mother pleased, eh?
And showed off coquettishly in your domino at the mirror behind
closedrawn blinds your unskirted thighs and hegoat’s udders in various
poses of surrender, eh? Ho! ho! I have to laugh! That secondhand black
operatop shift and short trunkleg naughties all split up the stitches at
her last rape that Mrs Miriam Dandrade sold you from the Shelbourne
hotel, eh?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Miriam. Black. Demimondaine.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Guffaws.)</em> Christ Almighty it’s too tickling, this!
You were a nicelooking Miriam when you clipped off your backgate hairs
and lay swooning in the thing across the bed as Mrs Dandrade about to be
violated by lieutenant Smythe-Smythe, Mr Philip Augustus Blockwell M.
P., signor Laci Daremo, the robust tenor, blueeyed Bert, the liftboy,
Henri Fleury of Gordon Bennett fame, Sheridan, the quadroon Croesus, the
varsity wetbob eight from old Trinity, Ponto, her splendid Newfoundland
and Bobs, dowager duchess of Manorhamilton. <em>(He guffaws again.)</em>
Christ, wouldn’t it make a Siamese cat laugh?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Her hands and features working.)</em> It was Gerald
converted me to be a true corsetlover when I was female impersonator in
the High School play <em>Vice Versa</em>. It was dear Gerald. He got
that kink, fascinated by sister’s stays. Now dearest Gerald uses pinky
greasepaint and gilds his eyelids. Cult of the beautiful.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(With wicked glee.)</em> Beautiful! Give us a breather!
When you took your seat with womanish care, lifting your billowy
flounces, on the smoothworn throne.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Science. To compare the various joys we each enjoy.
<em>(Earnestly.)</em> And really it’s better the position... because
often I used to wet...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Sternly.)</em> No insubordination! The sawdust is there
in the corner for you. I gave you strict instructions, didn’t I? Do it
standing, sir! I’ll teach you to behave like a jinkleman! If I catch a
trace on your swaddles. Aha! By the ass of the Dorans you’ll find I’m a
martinet. The sins of your past are rising against you. Many.
Hundreds.</p>
<p>THE SINS OF THE PAST: <em>(In a medley of voices.)</em> He went
through a form of clandestine marriage with at least one woman in the
shadow of the Black church. Unspeakable messages he telephoned mentally
to Miss Dunn at an address in D’Olier street while he presented himself
indecently to the instrument in the callbox. By word and deed he frankly
encouraged a nocturnal strumpet to deposit fecal and other matter in an
unsanitary outhouse attached to empty premises. In five public
conveniences he wrote pencilled messages offering his nuptial partner to
all strongmembered males. And by the offensively smelling vitriol works
did he not pass night after night by loving courting couples to see if
and what and how much he could see? Did he not lie in bed, the gross
boar, gloating over a nauseous fragment of wellused toilet paper
presented to him by a nasty harlot, stimulated by gingerbread and a
postal order?</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Whistles loudly.)</em> Say! What was the most revolting
piece of obscenity in all your career of crime? Go the whole hog. Puke
it out! Be candid for once.</p>
<p><em>(Mute inhuman faces throng forward, leering, vanishing,
gibbering, Booloohoom. Poldy Kock, Bootlaces a penny, Cassidy’s hag,
blind stripling, Larry Rhinoceros, the girl, the woman, the whore, the
other, the...)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Don’t ask me! Our mutual faith. Pleasants street. I only
thought the half of the... I swear on my sacred oath...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Peremptorily.)</em> Answer. Repugnant wretch! I insist on
knowing. Tell me something to amuse me, smut or a bloody good ghoststory
or a line of poetry, quick, quick, quick! Where? How? What time? With
how many? I give you just three seconds. One! Two! Thr...</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Docile, gurgles.)</em> I rererepugnosed in
rerererepugnant...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Imperiously.)</em> O, get out, you skunk! Hold your
tongue! Speak when you’re spoken to.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bows.)</em> Master! Mistress! Mantamer!</p>
<p><em>(He lifts his arms. His bangle bracelets fall.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Satirically.)</em> By day you will souse and bat our
smelling underclothes also when we ladies are unwell, and swab out our
latrines with dress pinned up and a dishclout tied to your tail. Won’t
that be nice? <em>(He places a ruby ring on her finger.)</em> And there
now! With this ring I thee own. Say, thank you, mistress.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Thank you, mistress.</p>
<p>BELLO: You will make the beds, get my tub ready, empty the pisspots
in the different rooms, including old Mrs Keogh’s the cook’s, a sandy
one. Ay, and rinse the seven of them well, mind, or lap it up like
champagne. Drink me piping hot. Hop! You will dance attendance or I’ll
lecture you on your misdeeds, Miss Ruby, and spank your bare bot right
well, miss, with the hairbrush. You’ll be taught the error of your ways.
At night your wellcreamed braceletted hands will wear fortythreebutton
gloves newpowdered with talc and having delicately scented fingertips.
For such favours knights of old laid down their lives. <em>(He
chuckles.)</em> My boys will be no end charmed to see you so ladylike,
the colonel, above all, when they come here the night before the wedding
to fondle my new attraction in gilded heels. First I’ll have a go at you
myself. A man I know on the turf named Charles Alberta Marsh (I was in
bed with him just now and another gentleman out of the Hanaper and Petty
Bag office) is on the lookout for a maid of all work at a short knock.
Swell the bust. Smile. Droop shoulders. What offers? <em>(He
points.)</em> For that lot. Trained by owner to fetch and carry, basket
in mouth. <em>(He bares his arm and plunges it elbowdeep in Bloom’s
vulva.)</em> There’s fine depth for you! What, boys? That give you a
hardon? <em>(He shoves his arm in a bidder’s face.)</em> Here wet the
deck and wipe it round!</p>
<p>A BIDDER: A florin.</p>
<p><em>(Dillon’s lacquey rings his handbell.)</em></p>
<p>THE LACQUEY: Barang!</p>
<p>A VOICE: One and eightpence too much.</p>
<p>CHARLES ALBERTA MARSH: Must be virgin. Good breath. Clean.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Gives a rap with his gavel.)</em> Two bar. Rockbottom
figure and cheap at the price. Fourteen hands high. Touch and examine
shis points. Handle hrim. This downy skin, these soft muscles, this
tender flesh. If I had only my gold piercer here! And quite easy to
milk. Three newlaid gallons a day. A pure stockgetter, due to lay within
the hour. His sire’s milk record was a thousand gallons of whole milk in
forty weeks. Whoa, my jewel! Beg up! Whoa! <em>(He brands his initial C
on Bloom’s croup.)</em> So! Warranted Cohen! What advance on two bob,
gentlemen?</p>
<p>A DARKVISAGED MAN: <em>(In disguised accent.)</em> Hoondert punt
sterlink.</p>
<p>VOICES: <em>(Subdued.)</em> For the Caliph. Haroun Al Raschid.</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Gaily.)</em> Right. Let them all come. The scanty,
daringly short skirt, riding up at the knee to show a peep of white
pantalette, is a potent weapon and transparent stockings,
emeraldgartered, with the long straight seam trailing up beyond the
knee, appeal to the better instincts of the <em>blasé</em> man about
town. Learn the smooth mincing walk on four inch Louis Quinze heels, the
Grecian bend with provoking croup, the thighs fluescent, knees modestly
kissing. Bring all your powers of fascination to bear on them. Pander to
their Gomorrahan vices.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Bends his blushing face into his armpit and simpers with
forefinger in mouth.)</em> O, I know what you’re hinting at now!</p>
<p>BELLO: What else are you good for, an impotent thing like you?
<em>(He stoops and, peering, pokes with his fan rudely under the fat
suet folds of Bloom’s haunches.)</em> Up! Up! Manx cat! What have we
here? Where’s your curly teapot gone to or who docked it on you,
cockyolly? Sing, birdy, sing. It’s as limp as a boy of six’s doing his
pooly behind a cart. Buy a bucket or sell your pump. <em>(Loudly.)</em>
Can you do a man’s job?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Eccles street...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Sarcastically.)</em> I wouldn’t hurt your feelings for
the world but there’s a man of brawn in possession there. The tables are
turned, my gay young fellow! He is something like a fullgrown outdoor
man. Well for you, you muff, if you had that weapon with knobs and lumps
and warts all over it. He shot his bolt, I can tell you! Foot to foot,
knee to knee, belly to belly, bubs to breast! He’s no eunuch. A shock of
red hair he has sticking out of him behind like a furzebush! Wait for
nine months, my lad! Holy ginger, it’s kicking and coughing up and down
in her guts already! That makes you wild, don’t it? Touches the spot?
<em>(He spits in contempt.)</em> Spittoon!</p>
<p>BLOOM: I was indecently treated, I... Inform the police. Hundred
pounds. Unmentionable. I...</p>
<p>BELLO: Would if you could, lame duck. A downpour we want not your
drizzle.</p>
<p>BLOOM: To drive me mad! Moll! I forgot! Forgive! Moll... We...
Still...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Ruthlessly.)</em> No, Leopold Bloom, all is changed by
woman’s will since you slept horizontal in Sleepy Hollow your night of
twenty years. Return and see.</p>
<p><em>(Old Sleepy Hollow calls over the wold.)</em></p>
<p>SLEEPY HOLLOW: Rip van Wink! Rip van Winkle!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In tattered mocassins with a rusty fowlingpiece,
tiptoeing, fingertipping, his haggard bony bearded face peering through
the diamond panes, cries out.)</em> I see her! It’s she! The first night
at Mat Dillon’s! But that dress, the green! And her hair is dyed gold
and he...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Laughs mockingly.)</em> That’s your daughter, you owl,
with a Mullingar student.</p>
<p><em>(Milly Bloom, fairhaired, greenvested, slimsandalled, her blue
scarf in the seawind simply swirling, breaks from the arms of her lover
and calls, her young eyes wonderwide.)</em></p>
<p>MILLY: My! It’s Papli! But, O Papli, how old you’ve grown!</p>
<p>BELLO: Changed, eh? Our whatnot, our writingtable where we never
wrote, aunt Hegarty’s armchair, our classic reprints of old masters. A
man and his menfriends are living there in clover. The <em>Cuckoos’
Rest!</em> Why not? How many women had you, eh, following them up dark
streets, flatfoot, exciting them by your smothered grunts, what, you
male prostitute? Blameless dames with parcels of groceries. Turn about.
Sauce for the goose, my gander O.</p>
<p>BLOOM: They... I...</p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Cuttingly.)</em> Their heelmarks will stamp the
Brusselette carpet you bought at Wren’s auction. In their horseplay with
Moll the romp to find the buck flea in her breeches they will deface the
little statue you carried home in the rain for art for art’s sake. They
will violate the secrets of your bottom drawer. Pages will be torn from
your handbook of astronomy to make them pipespills. And they will spit
in your ten shilling brass fender from Hampton Leedom’s.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Ten and six. The act of low scoundrels. Let me go. I will
return. I will prove...</p>
<p>A VOICE: Swear!</p>
<p><em>(Bloom clenches his fists and crawls forward, a bowieknife
between his teeth.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: As a paying guest or a kept man? Too late. You have made your
secondbest bed and others must lie in it. Your epitaph is written. You
are down and out and don’t you forget it, old bean.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Justice! All Ireland versus one! Has nobody...? <em>(He bites
his thumb.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: Die and be damned to you if you have any sense of decency or
grace about you. I can give you a rare old wine that’ll send you
skipping to hell and back. Sign a will and leave us any coin you have!
If you have none see you damn well get it, steal it, rob it! We’ll bury
you in our shrubbery jakes where you’ll be dead and dirty with old Cuck
Cohen, my stepnephew I married, the bloody old gouty procurator and
sodomite with a crick in his neck, and my other ten or eleven husbands,
whatever the buggers’ names were, suffocated in the one cesspool.
<em>(He explodes in a loud phlegmy laugh.)</em> We’ll manure you, Mr
Flower! <em>(He pipes scoffingly.)</em> Byby, Poldy! Byby, Papli!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Clasps his head.)</em> My willpower! Memory! I have
sinned! I have suff...</p>
<p><em>(He weeps tearlessly.)</em></p>
<p>BELLO: <em>(Sneers.)</em> Crybabby! Crocodile tears!</p>
<p><em>(Bloom, broken, closely veiled for the sacrifice, sobs, his face
to the earth. The passing bell is heard. Darkshawled figures of the
circumcised, in sackcloth and ashes, stand by the wailing wall. M.
Shulomowitz, Joseph Goldwater, Moses Herzog, Harris Rosenberg, M.
Moisel, J. Citron, Minnie Watchman, P. Mastiansky, The Reverend Leopold
Abramovitz, Chazen. With swaying arms they wail in pneuma over the
recreant Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>THE CIRCUMCISED: <em>(In dark guttural chant as they cast dead sea
fruit upon him, no flowers.) Shema Israel Adonai Elohenu Adonai
Echad.</em></p>
<p>VOICES: <em>(Sighing.)</em> So he’s gone. Ah yes. Yes, indeed. Bloom?
Never heard of him. No? Queer kind of chap. There’s the widow. That so?
Ah, yes.</p>
<p><em>(From the suttee pyre the flame of gum camphire ascends. The pall
of incense smoke screens and disperses. Out of her oakframe a nymph with
hair unbound, lightly clad in teabrown artcolours, descends from her
grotto and passing under interlacing yews stands over Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Their leaves whispering.)</em> Sister. Our sister.
Ssh!</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Softly.)</em> Mortal! <em>(Kindly.)</em> Nay, dost
not weepest!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Crawls jellily forward under the boughs, streaked by
sunlight, with dignity.)</em> This position. I felt it was expected of
me. Force of habit.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: Mortal! You found me in evil company, highkickers, coster
picnicmakers, pugilists, popular generals, immoral panto boys in
fleshtights and the nifty shimmy dancers, La Aurora and Karini, musical
act, the hit of the century. I was hidden in cheap pink paper that smelt
of rock oil. I was surrounded by the stale smut of clubmen, stories to
disturb callow youth, ads for transparencies, truedup dice and bustpads,
proprietary articles and why wear a truss with testimonial from ruptured
gentleman. Useful hints to the married.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Lifts a turtle head towards her lap.)</em> We have met
before. On another star.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Sadly.)</em> Rubber goods. Neverrip brand as supplied
to the aristocracy. Corsets for men. I cure fits or money refunded.
Unsolicited testimonials for Professor Waldmann’s wonderful chest
exuber. My bust developed four inches in three weeks, reports Mrs Gus
Rublin with photo.</p>
<p>BLOOM: You mean <em>Photo Bits?</em></p>
<p>THE NYMPH: I do. You bore me away, framed me in oak and tinsel, set
me above your marriage couch. Unseen, one summer eve, you kissed me in
four places. And with loving pencil you shaded my eyes, my bosom and my
shame.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Humbly kisses her long hair.)</em> Your classic curves,
beautiful immortal, I was glad to look on you, to praise you, a thing of
beauty, almost to pray.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: During dark nights I heard your praise.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quickly.)</em> Yes, yes. You mean that I... Sleep reveals
the worst side of everyone, children perhaps excepted. I know I fell out
of bed or rather was pushed. Steel wine is said to cure snoring. For the
rest there is that English invention, pamphlet of which I received some
days ago, incorrectly addressed. It claims to afford a noiseless,
inoffensive vent. <em>(He sighs.)</em> ’Twas ever thus. Frailty, thy
name is marriage.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Her fingers in her ears.)</em> And words. They are
not in my dictionary.</p>
<p>BLOOM: You understood them?</p>
<p>THE YEWS: Ssh!</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Covers her face with her hands.)</em> What have I not
seen in that chamber? What must my eyes look down on?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Apologetically.)</em> I know. Soiled personal linen,
wrong side up with care. The quoits are loose. From Gibraltar by long
sea long ago.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Bends her head.)</em> Worse, worse!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Reflects precautiously.)</em> That antiquated commode. It
wasn’t her weight. She scaled just eleven stone nine. She put on nine
pounds after weaning. It was a crack and want of glue. Eh? And that
absurd orangekeyed utensil which has only one handle.</p>
<p><em>(The sound of a waterfall is heard in bright cascade.)</em></p>
<p>THE WATERFALL:</p>
<p>Poulaphouca Poulaphouca<br />
Poulaphouca Poulaphouca.</p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Mingling their boughs.)</em> Listen. Whisper. She is
right, our sister. We grew by Poulaphouca waterfall. We gave shade on
languorous summer days.</p>
<p>JOHN WYSE NOLAN: <em>(In the background, in Irish National Forester’s
uniform, doffs his plumed hat.)</em> Prosper! Give shade on languorous
days, trees of Ireland!</p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Murmuring.)</em> Who came to Poulaphouca with the High
School excursion? Who left his nutquesting classmates to seek our
shade?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Scared.)</em> High School of Poula? Mnemo? Not in full
possession of faculties. Concussion. Run over by tram.</p>
<p>THE ECHO: Sham!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Pigeonbreasted, bottleshouldered, padded, in nondescript
juvenile grey and black striped suit, too small for him, white tennis
shoes, bordered stockings with turnover tops and a red schoolcap with
badge.)</em> I was in my teens, a growing boy. A little then sufficed, a
jolting car, the mingling odours of the ladies’ cloakroom and lavatory,
the throng penned tight on the old Royal stairs (for they love crushes,
instinct of the herd, and the dark sexsmelling theatre unbridles vice),
even a pricelist of their hosiery. And then the heat. There were
sunspots that summer. End of school. And tipsycake. Halcyon days.</p>
<p><em>(Halcyon days, high school boys in blue and white football
jerseys and shorts, Master Donald Turnbull, Master Abraham Chatterton,
Master Owen Goldberg, Master Jack Meredith, Master Percy Apjohn, stand
in a clearing of the trees and shout to Master Leopold Bloom.)</em></p>
<p>THE HALCYON DAYS: Mackerel! Live us again. Hurray! <em>(They
cheer.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hobbledehoy, warmgloved, mammamufflered, starred with
spent snowballs, struggles to rise.)</em> Again! I feel sixteen! What a
lark! Let’s ring all the bells in Montague street. <em>(He cheers
feebly.)</em> Hurray for the High School!</p>
<p>THE ECHO: Fool!</p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Rustling.)</em> She is right, our sister. Whisper.
<em>(Whispered kisses are heard in all the wood. Faces of hamadryads
peep out from the boles and among the leaves and break, blossoming into
bloom.)</em> Who profaned our silent shade?</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Coyly, through parting fingers.)</em> There? In the
open air?</p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Sweeping downward.)</em> Sister, yes. And on our
virgin sward.</p>
<p>THE WATERFALL:</p>
<p>Poulaphouca Poulaphouca<br />
Phoucaphouca Phoucaphouca.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(With wide fingers.)</em> O, infamy!</p>
<p>BLOOM: I was precocious. Youth. The fauna. I sacrificed to the god of
the forest. The flowers that bloom in the spring. It was pairing time.
Capillary attraction is a natural phenomenon. Lotty Clarke,
flaxenhaired, I saw at her night toilette through illclosed curtains
with poor papa’s operaglasses: The wanton ate grass wildly. She rolled
downhill at Rialto bridge to tempt me with her flow of animal spirits.
She climbed their crooked tree and I... A saint couldn’t resist it. The
demon possessed me. Besides, who saw?</p>
<p><em>(Staggering Bob, a whitepolled calf, thrusts a ruminating head
with humid nostrils through the foliage.)</em></p>
<p>STAGGERING BOB: (<em>Large teardrops rolling from his prominent eyes,
snivels.</em>) Me. Me see.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Simply satisfying a need I... <em>(With pathos.)</em> No girl
would when I went girling. Too ugly. They wouldn’t play...</p>
<p><em>(High on Ben Howth through rhododendrons a nannygoat passes,
plumpuddered, buttytailed, dropping currants.)</em></p>
<p>THE NANNYGOAT: <em>(Bleats.)</em> Megeggaggegg! Nannannanny!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Hatless, flushed, covered with burrs of thistledown and
gorsespine.)</em> Regularly engaged. Circumstances alter cases. <em>(He
gazes intently downwards on the water.)</em> Thirtytwo head over heels
per second. Press nightmare. Giddy Elijah. Fall from cliff. Sad end of
government printer’s clerk. <em>(Through silversilent summer air the
dummy of Bloom, rolled in a mummy, rolls roteatingly from the Lion’s
Head cliff into the purple waiting waters.)</em></p>
<p>THE DUMMYMUMMY: Bbbbblllllblblblblobschbg!</p>
<p><em>(Far out in the bay between Bailey and Kish lights the</em>
Erin’s King <em>sails, sending a broadening plume of coalsmoke from her
funnel towards the land.)</em></p>
<p>COUNCILLOR NANNETTI: <em>(Alone on deck, in dark alpaca,
yellowkitefaced, his hand in his waistcoat opening, declaims.)</em> When
my country takes her place among the nations of the earth, then, and not
till then, let my epitaph be written. I have...</p>
<p>BLOOM: Done. Prff!</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Loftily.)</em> We immortals, as you saw today, have
not such a place and no hair there either. We are stonecold and pure. We
eat electric light. <em>(She arches her body in lascivious crispation,
placing her forefinger in her mouth.)</em> Spoke to me. Heard from
behind. How then could you...?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Pawing the heather abjectly.)</em> O, I have been a
perfect pig. Enemas too I have administered. One third of a pint of
quassia to which add a tablespoonful of rocksalt. Up the fundament. With
Hamilton Long’s syringe, the ladies’ friend.</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: In my presence. The powderpuff. <em>(She blushes and makes
a knee.)</em> And the rest!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Dejected.)</em> Yes. <em>Peccavi!</em> I have paid homage
on that living altar where the back changes name. <em>(With sudden
fervour.)</em> For why should the dainty scented jewelled hand, the hand
that rules...?</p>
<p><em>(Figures wind serpenting in slow woodland pattern around the
treestems, cooeeing.)</em></p>
<p>THE VOICE OF KITTY: <em>(In the thicket.)</em> Show us one of them
cushions.</p>
<p>THE VOICE OF FLORRY: Here.</p>
<p><em>(A grouse wings clumsily through the underwood.)</em></p>
<p>THE VOICE OF LYNCH: <em>(In the thicket.)</em> Whew! Piping hot!</p>
<p>THE VOICE OF ZOE: <em>(From the thicket.)</em> Came from a hot
place.</p>
<p>THE VOICE OF VIRAG: <em>(A birdchief, bluestreaked and feathered in
war panoply with his assegai, striding through a crackling canebrake
over beechmast and acorns.)</em> Hot! Hot! Ware Sitting Bull!</p>
<p>BLOOM: It overpowers me. The warm impress of her warm form. Even to
sit where a woman has sat, especially with divaricated thighs, as though
to grant the last favours, most especially with previously well uplifted
white sateen coatpans. So womanly, full. It fills me full.</p>
<p>THE WATERFALL:</p>
<p>Phillaphulla Poulaphouca<br />
Poulaphouca Poulaphouca.</p>
<p>THE YEWS: Ssh! Sister, speak!</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Eyeless, in nun’s white habit, coif and hugewinged
wimple, softly, with remote eyes.)</em> Tranquilla convent. Sister
Agatha. Mount Carmel. The apparitions of Knock and Lourdes. No more
desire. <em>(She reclines her head, sighing.)</em> Only the ethereal.
Where dreamy creamy gull waves o’er the waters dull.</p>
<p><em>(Bloom half rises. His back trouserbutton snaps.)</em></p>
<p>THE BUTTON: Bip!</p>
<p><em>(Two sluts of the Coombe dance rainily by, shawled, yelling
flatly.)</em></p>
<p>THE SLUTS:</p>
<p>O, Leopold lost the pin of his drawers<br />
He didn’t know what to do,<br />
To keep it up,<br />
To keep it up.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Coldly.)</em> You have broken the spell. The last straw.
If there were only ethereal where would you all be, postulants and
novices? Shy but willing like an ass pissing.</p>
<p>THE YEWS: <em>(Their silverfoil of leaves precipitating, their skinny
arms aging and swaying.)</em> Deciduously!</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(Her features hardening, gropes in the folds of her
habit.)</em> Sacrilege! To attempt my virtue! <em>(A large moist stain
appears on her robe.)</em> Sully my innocence! You are not fit to touch
the garment of a pure woman. <em>(She clutches again in her robe.)</em>
Wait. Satan, you’ll sing no more lovesongs. Amen. Amen. Amen. Amen.
<em>(She draws a poniard and, clad in the sheathmail of an elected
knight of nine, strikes at his loins.)</em> Nekum!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Starts up, seizes her hand.)</em> Hoy! Nebrakada! Cat o’
nine lives! Fair play, madam. No pruningknife. The fox and the grapes,
is it? What do you lack with your barbed wire? Crucifix not thick
enough? <em>(He clutches her veil.)</em> A holy abbot you want or
Brophy, the lame gardener, or the spoutless statue of the watercarrier,
or good mother Alphonsus, eh Reynard?</p>
<p>THE NYMPH: <em>(With a cry flees from him unveiled, her plaster cast
cracking, a cloud of stench escaping from the cracks.)</em> Poli...!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Calls after her.)</em> As if you didn’t get it on the
double yourselves. No jerks and multiple mucosities all over you. I
tried it. Your strength our weakness. What’s our studfee? What will you
pay on the nail? You fee mendancers on the Riviera, I read. <em>(The
fleeing nymph raises a keen.)</em> Eh? I have sixteen years of black
slave labour behind me. And would a jury give me five shillings alimony
tomorrow, eh? Fool someone else, not me. <em>(He sniffs.)</em> Rut.
Onions. Stale. Sulphur. Grease.</p>
<p><em>(The figure of Bella Cohen stands before him.)</em></p>
<p>BELLA: You’ll know me the next time.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Composed, regards her.) Passée.</em> Mutton dressed as
lamb. Long in the tooth and superfluous hair. A raw onion the last thing
at night would benefit your complexion. And take some double chin drill.
Your eyes are as vapid as the glasseyes of your stuffed fox. They have
the dimensions of your other features, that’s all. I’m not a triple
screw propeller.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Contemptuously.)</em> You’re not game, in fact. <em>(Her
sowcunt barks.)</em> Fbhracht!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Contemptuously.)</em> Clean your nailless middle finger
first, your bully’s cold spunk is dripping from your cockscomb. Take a
handful of hay and wipe yourself.</p>
<p>BELLA: I know you, canvasser! Dead cod!</p>
<p>BLOOM: I saw him, kipkeeper! Pox and gleet vendor!</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Turns to the piano.)</em> Which of you was playing the
dead march from <em>Saul?</em></p>
<p>ZOE: Me. Mind your cornflowers. <em>(She darts to the piano and bangs
chords on it with crossed arms.)</em> The cat’s ramble through the slag.
<em>(She glances back.)</em> Eh? Who’s making love to my sweeties?
<em>(She darts back to the table.)</em> What’s yours is mine and what’s
mine is my own.</p>
<p><em>(Kitty, disconcerted, coats her teeth with the silver paper.
Bloom approaches Zoe.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Gently.)</em> Give me back that potato, will you?</p>
<p>ZOE: Forfeits, a fine thing and a superfine thing.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(With feeling.)</em> It is nothing, but still, a relic of
poor mamma.</p>
<p>ZOE:</p>
<p>Give a thing and take it back<br />
God’ll ask you where is that<br />
You’ll say you don’t know<br />
God’ll send you down below.</p>
<p>BLOOM: There is a memory attached to it. I should like to have
it.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: To have or not to have that is the question.</p>
<p>ZOE: Here. <em>(She hauls up a reef of her slip, revealing her bare
thigh, and unrolls the potato from the top of her stocking.)</em> Those
that hides knows where to find.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Frowns.)</em> Here. This isn’t a musical peepshow. And
don’t you smash that piano. Who’s paying here?</p>
<p><em>(She goes to the pianola. Stephen fumbles in his pocket and,
taking out a banknote by its corner, hands it to her.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(With exaggerated politeness.)</em> This silken purse I
made out of the sow’s ear of the public. Madam, excuse me. If you allow
me. <em>(He indicates vaguely Lynch and Bloom.)</em> We are all in the
same sweepstake, Kinch and Lynch. <em>Dans ce bordel où tenons nostre
état</em>.</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Calls from the hearth.)</em> Dedalus! Give her your
blessing for me.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Hands Bella a coin.)</em> Gold. She has it.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Looks at the money, then at Stephen, then at Zoe, Florry
and Kitty.)</em> Do you want three girls? It’s ten shillings here.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Delightedly.)</em> A hundred thousand apologies.
<em>(He fumbles again and takes out and hands her two crowns.)</em>
Permit, <em>brevi manu</em>, my sight is somewhat troubled.</p>
<p><em>(Bella goes to the table to count the money while Stephen talks
to himself in monosyllables. Zoe bends over the table. Kitty leans over
Zoe’s neck. Lynch gets up, rights his cap and, clasping Kitty’s waist,
adds his head to the group.)</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Strives heavily to rise.)</em> Ow! My foot’s asleep.
<em>(She limps over to the table. Bloom approaches.)</em></p>
<p>BELLA, ZOE, KITTY, LYNCH, BLOOM: <em>(Chattering and
squabbling.)</em> The gentleman... ten shillings... paying for the
three... allow me a moment... this gentleman pays separate... who’s
touching it?... ow! ... mind who you’re pinching... are you staying the
night or a short time?... who did?... you’re a liar, excuse me... the
gentleman paid down like a gentleman... drink... it’s long after
eleven.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(At the pianola, making a gesture of abhorrence.)</em>
No bottles! What, eleven? A riddle!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Lifting up her pettigown and folding a half sovereign into
the top of her stocking.)</em> Hard earned on the flat of my back.</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Lifting Kitty from the table.)</em> Come!</p>
<p>KITTY: Wait. <em>(She clutches the two crowns.)</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: And me?</p>
<p>LYNCH: Hoopla!</p>
<p><em>(He lifts her, carries her and bumps her down on the
sofa.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN:</p>
<p>The fox crew, the cocks flew,<br />
The bells in heaven<br />
Were striking eleven.<br />
’Tis time for her poor soul<br />
To get out of heaven.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quietly lays a half sovereign on the table between Bella
and Florry.)</em> So. Allow me. <em>(He takes up the poundnote.)</em>
Three times ten. We’re square.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Admiringly.)</em> You’re such a slyboots, old cocky. I
could kiss you.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Points.)</em> Him? Deep as a drawwell. <em>(Lynch bends
Kitty back over the sofa and kisses her. Bloom goes with the poundnote
to Stephen.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: This is yours.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: How is that? <em>Le distrait</em> or absentminded beggar.
<em>(He fumbles again in his pocket and draws out a handful of coins. An
object falls.)</em> That fell.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Stooping, picks up and hands a box of matches.)</em>
This.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Lucifer. Thanks.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quietly.)</em> You had better hand over that cash to me
to take care of. Why pay more?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Hands him all his coins.)</em> Be just before you are
generous.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I will but is it wise? <em>(He counts.)</em> One, seven,
eleven, and five. Six. Eleven. I don’t answer for what you may have
lost.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Why striking eleven? Proparoxyton. Moment before the next
Lessing says. Thirsty fox. <em>(He laughs loudly.)</em> Burying his
grandmother. Probably he killed her.</p>
<p>BLOOM: That is one pound six and eleven. One pound seven, say.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Doesn’t matter a rambling damn.</p>
<p>BLOOM: No, but...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Comes to the table.)</em> Cigarette, please. <em>(Lynch
tosses a cigarette from the sofa to the table.)</em> And so Georgina
Johnson is dead and married. <em>(A cigarette appears on the table.
Stephen looks at it.)</em> Wonder. Parlour magic. Married. Hm. <em>(He
strikes a match and proceeds to light the cigarette with enigmatic
melancholy.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Watching him.)</em> You would have a better chance of
lighting it if you held the match nearer.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Brings the match near his eye.)</em> Lynx eye. Must get
glasses. Broke them yesterday. Sixteen years ago. Distance. The eye sees
all flat. <em>(He draws the match away. It goes out.)</em> Brain thinks.
Near: far. Ineluctable modality of the visible. <em>(He frowns
mysteriously.)</em> Hm. Sphinx. The beast that has two backs at
midnight. Married.</p>
<p>ZOE: It was a commercial traveller married her and took her away with
him.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Nods.)</em> Mr Lambe from London.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Lamb of London, who takest away the sins of our world.</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Embracing Kitty on the sofa, chants deeply.) Dona nobis
pacem.</em></p>
<p><em>(The cigarette slips from Stephen’s fingers. Bloom picks it up
and throws it in the grate.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Don’t smoke. You ought to eat. Cursed dog I met. <em>(To
Zoe.)</em> You have nothing?</p>
<p>ZOE: Is he hungry?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Extends his hand to her smiling and chants to the air
of the bloodoath in the</em> Dusk of the Gods.)</p>
<p>Hangende Hunger,<br />
Fragende Frau,<br />
Macht uns alle kaputt.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Tragically.)</em> Hamlet, I am thy father’s gimlet!
<em>(She takes his hand.)</em> Blue eyes beauty I’ll read your hand.
<em>(She points to his forehead.)</em> No wit, no wrinkles. <em>(She
counts.)</em> Two, three, Mars, that’s courage. <em>(Stephen shakes his
head.)</em> No kid.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Sheet lightning courage. The youth who could not shiver and
shake. <em>(To Zoe.)</em> Who taught you palmistry?</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Turns.)</em> Ask my ballocks that I haven’t got. <em>(To
Stephen.)</em> I see it in your face. The eye, like that. <em>(She
frowns with lowered head.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Laughing, slaps Kitty behind twice.)</em> Like that.
Pandybat.</p>
<p><em>(Twice loudly a pandybat cracks, the coffin of the pianola flies
open, the bald little round jack-in-the-box head of Father Dolan springs
up.)</em></p>
<p>FATHER DOLAN: Any boy want flogging? Broke his glasses? Lazy idle
little schemer. See it in your eye.</p>
<p><em>(Mild, benign, rectorial, reproving, the head of Don John Conmee
rises from the pianola coffin.)</em></p>
<p>DON JOHN CONMEE: Now, Father Dolan! Now. I’m sure that Stephen is a
very good little boy!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Examining Stephen’s palm.)</em> Woman’s hand.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Murmurs.)</em> Continue. Lie. Hold me. Caress. I never
could read His handwriting except His criminal thumbprint on the
haddock.</p>
<p>ZOE: What day were you born?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Thursday. Today.</p>
<p>ZOE: Thursday’s child has far to go. <em>(She traces lines on his
hand.)</em> Line of fate. Influential friends.</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Pointing.)</em> Imagination.</p>
<p>ZOE: Mount of the moon. You’ll meet with a... <em>(She peers at his
hands abruptly.)</em> I won’t tell you what’s not good for you. Or do
you want to know?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Detaches her fingers and offers his palm.)</em> More harm
than good. Here. Read mine.</p>
<p>BELLA: Show. <em>(She turns up Bloom’s hand.)</em> I thought so.
Knobby knuckles for the women.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Peering at Bloom’s palm.)</em> Gridiron. Travels beyond the
sea and marry money.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Wrong.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Quickly.)</em> O, I see. Short little finger. Henpecked
husband. That wrong?</p>
<p><em>(Black Liz, a huge rooster hatching in a chalked circle, rises,
stretches her wings and clucks.)</em></p>
<p>BLACK LIZ: Gara. Klook. Klook. Klook.</p>
<p><em>(She sidles from her newlaid egg and waddles off.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Points to his hand.)</em> That weal there is an accident.
Fell and cut it twentytwo years ago. I was sixteen.</p>
<p>ZOE: I see, says the blind man. Tell us news.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: See? Moves to one great goal. I am twentytwo. Sixteen years
ago he was twentytwo too. Sixteen years ago I twentytwo tumbled.
Twentytwo years ago he sixteen fell off his hobbyhorse. <em>(He
winces.)</em> Hurt my hand somewhere. Must see a dentist. Money?</p>
<p><em>(Zoe whispers to Florry. They giggle. Bloom releases his hand and
writes idly on the table in backhand, pencilling slow curves.)</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: What?</p>
<p><em>(A hackneycar, number three hundred and twentyfour, with a
gallantbuttocked mare, driven by James Barton, Harmony Avenue,
Donnybrook, trots past. Blazes Boylan and Lenehan sprawl swaying on the
sideseats. The Ormond boots crouches behind on the axle. Sadly over the
crossblind Lydia Douce and Mina Kennedy gaze.)</em></p>
<p>THE BOOTS: <em>(Jogging, mocks them with thumb and wriggling
wormfingers.)</em> Haw haw have you the horn?</p>
<p><em>(Bronze by gold they whisper.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(To Florry.)</em> Whisper.</p>
<p><em>(They whisper again.)</em></p>
<p><em>(Over the well of the car Blazes Boylan leans, his boater straw
set sideways, a red flower in his mouth. Lenehan in yachtsman’s cap and
white shoes officiously detaches a long hair from Blazes Boylan’s coat
shoulder.)</em></p>
<p>LENEHAN: Ho! What do I here behold? Were you brushing the cobwebs off
a few quims?</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Sated, smiles.)</em> Plucking a turkey.</p>
<p>LENEHAN: A good night’s work.</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Holding up four thick bluntungulated fingers,
winks.)</em> Blazes Kate! Up to sample or your money back. <em>(He holds
out a forefinger.)</em> Smell that.</p>
<p>LENEHAN: <em>(Smells gleefully.)</em> Ah! Lobster and mayonnaise.
Ah!</p>
<p>ZOE AND FLORRY: <em>(Laugh together.)</em> Ha ha ha ha.</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Jumps surely from the car and calls loudly for all to
hear.)</em> Hello, Bloom! Mrs Bloom dressed yet?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(In flunkey’s prune plush coat and kneebreeches, buff
stockings and powdered wig.)</em> I’m afraid not, sir. The last
articles...</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(Tosses him sixpence.)</em> Here, to buy yourself a gin
and splash. <em>(He hangs his hat smartly on a peg of Bloom’s antlered
head.)</em> Show me in. I have a little private business with your wife,
you understand?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Thank you, sir. Yes, sir. Madam Tweedy is in her bath,
sir.</p>
<p>MARION: He ought to feel himself highly honoured. <em>(She plops
splashing out of the water.)</em> Raoul darling, come and dry me. I’m in
my pelt. Only my new hat and a carriage sponge.</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(A merry twinkle in his eye.)</em> Topping!</p>
<p>BELLA: What? What is it?</p>
<p><em>(Zoe whispers to her.)</em></p>
<p>MARION: Let him look, the pishogue! Pimp! And scourge himself! I’ll
write to a powerful prostitute or Bartholomona, the bearded woman, to
raise weals out on him an inch thick and make him bring me back a signed
and stamped receipt.</p>
<p>BOYLAN: (Clasps himself.) Here, I can’t hold this little lot much
longer. (He strides off on stiff cavalry legs.)</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Ho ho ho ho.</p>
<p>BOYLAN: <em>(To Bloom, over his shoulder.)</em> You can apply your
eye to the keyhole and play with yourself while I just go through her a
few times.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Thank you, sir. I will, sir. May I bring two men chums to
witness the deed and take a snapshot? <em>(He holds out an ointment
jar.)</em> Vaseline, sir? Orangeflower...? Lukewarm water...?</p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(From the sofa.)</em> Tell us, Florry. Tell us.
What...</p>
<p><em>(Florry whispers to her. Whispering lovewords murmur, liplapping
loudly, poppysmic plopslop.)</em></p>
<p>MINA KENNEDY: <em>(Her eyes upturned.)</em> O, it must be like the
scent of geraniums and lovely peaches! O, he simply idolises every bit
of her! Stuck together! Covered with kisses!</p>
<p>LYDIA DOUCE: <em>(Her mouth opening.)</em> Yumyum. O, he’s carrying
her round the room doing it! Ride a cockhorse. You could hear them in
Paris and New York. Like mouthfuls of strawberries and cream.</p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Hee hee hee.</p>
<p>BOYLAN’S VOICE: <em>(Sweetly, hoarsely, in the pit of his
stomach.)</em> Ah! Godblazeqrukbrukarchkrasht!</p>
<p>MARION’S VOICE: <em>(Hoarsely, sweetly, rising to her throat.)</em>
O! Weeshwashtkissinapooisthnapoohuck?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His eyes wildly dilated, clasps himself.)</em> Show!
Hide! Show! Plough her! More! Shoot!</p>
<p>BELLA, ZOE, FLORRY, KITTY: Ho ho! Ha ha! Hee hee!</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Points.)</em> The mirror up to nature. <em>(He
laughs.)</em> Hu hu hu hu hu!</p>
<p><em>(Stephen and Bloom gaze in the mirror. The face of William
Shakespeare, beardless, appears there, rigid in facial paralysis,
crowned by the reflection of the reindeer antlered hatrack in the
hall.)</em></p>
<p>SHAKESPEARE: <em>(In dignified ventriloquy.)</em> ’Tis the loud laugh
bespeaks the vacant mind. <em>(To Bloom.)</em> Thou thoughtest as how
thou wastest invisible. Gaze. <em>(He crows with a black capon’s
laugh.)</em> Iagogo! How my Oldfellow chokit his Thursdaymornun.
Iagogogo!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Smiles yellowly at the three whores.)</em> When will I
hear the joke?</p>
<p>ZOE: Before you’re twice married and once a widower.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Lapses are condoned. Even the great Napoleon when measurements
were taken next the skin after his death...</p>
<p><em>(Mrs Dignam, widow woman, her snubnose and cheeks flushed with
deathtalk, tears and Tunney’s tawny sherry, hurries by in her weeds, her
bonnet awry, rouging and powdering her cheeks, lips and nose, a pen
chivvying her brood of cygnets. Beneath her skirt appear her late
husband’s everyday trousers and turnedup boots, large eights. She holds
a Scottish widow’s insurance policy and a large marquee umbrella under
which her brood run with her, Patsy hopping on one shod foot, his collar
loose, a hank of porksteaks dangling, Freddy whimpering, Susy with a
crying cod’s mouth, Alice struggling with the baby. She cuffs them on,
her streamers flaunting aloft.)</em></p>
<p>FREDDY: Ah, ma, you’re dragging me along!</p>
<p>SUSY: Mamma, the beeftea is fizzing over!</p>
<p>SHAKESPEARE: <em>(With paralytic rage.)</em> Weda seca whokilla
farst.</p>
<p><em>(The face of Martin Cunningham, bearded, refeatures Shakespeare’s
beardless face. The marquee umbrella sways drunkenly, the children run
aside. Under the umbrella appears Mrs Cunningham in Merry Widow hat and
kimono gown. She glides sidling and bowing, twirling
japanesily.)</em></p>
<p>MRS CUNNINGHAM: <em>(Sings.)</em></p>
<p>And they call me the jewel of Asia!</p>
<p>MARTIN CUNNINGHAM: <em>(Gazes on her, impassive.)</em> Immense! Most
bloody awful demirep!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Et exaltabuntur cornua iusti.</em> Queens lay with prize
bulls. Remember Pasiphae for whose lust my grandoldgrossfather made the
first confessionbox. Forget not Madam Grissel Steevens nor the suine
scions of the house of Lambert. And Noah was drunk with wine. And his
ark was open.</p>
<p>BELLA: None of that here. Come to the wrong shop.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Let him alone. He’s back from Paris.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Runs to stephen and links him.)</em> O go on! Give us some
parleyvoo.</p>
<p><em>(Stephen claps hat on head and leaps over to the fireplace where
he stands with shrugged shoulders, finny hands outspread, a painted
smile on his face.)</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Pommelling on the sofa.)</em> Rmm Rmm Rmm
Rrrrrrmmmmm.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Gabbles with marionette jerks.)</em> Thousand places of
entertainment to expense your evenings with lovely ladies saling gloves
and other things perhaps hers heart beerchops perfect fashionable house
very eccentric where lots cocottes beautiful dressed much about
princesses like are dancing cancan and walking there parisian clowneries
extra foolish for bachelors foreigns the same if talking a poor english
how much smart they are on things love and sensations voluptuous.
Misters very selects for is pleasure must to visit heaven and hell show
with mortuary candles and they tears silver which occur every night.
Perfectly shocking terrific of religion’s things mockery seen in
universal world. All chic womans which arrive full of modesty then
disrobe and squeal loud to see vampire man debauch nun very fresh young
with <em>dessous troublants</em>. <em>(He clacks his tongue
loudly.)</em> <em>Ho, là là! Ce pif qu’il a!</em></p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>Vive le vampire!</em></p>
<p>THE WHORES: Bravo! Parleyvoo!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Grimacing with head back, laughs loudly, clapping
himself.)</em> Great success of laughing. Angels much prostitutes like
and holy apostles big damn ruffians. <em>Demimondaines</em> nicely
handsome sparkling of diamonds very amiable costumed. Or do you are fond
better what belongs they moderns pleasure turpitude of old mans? <em>(He
points about him with grotesque gestures which Lynch and the whores
reply to.)</em> Caoutchouc statue woman reversible or lifesize
tompeeptom of virgins nudities very lesbic the kiss five ten times.
Enter, gentleman, to see in mirror every positions trapezes all that
machine there besides also if desire act awfully bestial butcher’s boy
pollutes in warm veal liver or omlet on the belly <em>pièce de
Shakespeare.</em></p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Clapping her belly sinks back on the sofa, with a shout
of laughter.)</em> An omelette on the... Ho! ho! ho! ho!... omelette on
the...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Mincingly.)</em> I love you, sir darling. Speak you
englishman tongue for <em>double entente cordiale.</em> O yes, <em>mon
loup</em>. How much cost? Waterloo. Watercloset. <em>(He ceases suddenly
and holds up a forefinger.)</em></p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Omelette...</p>
<p>THE WHORES: <em>(Laughing.)</em> Encore! Encore!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Mark me. I dreamt of a watermelon.</p>
<p>ZOE: Go abroad and love a foreign lady.</p>
<p>LYNCH: Across the world for a wife.</p>
<p>FLORRY: Dreams goes by contraries.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Extends his arms.)</em> It was here. Street of harlots.
In Serpentine avenue Beelzebub showed me her, a fubsy widow. Where’s the
red carpet spread?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Approaching Stephen.)</em> Look...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: No, I flew. My foes beneath me. And ever shall be. World
without end. <em>(He cries.) Pater!</em> Free!</p>
<p>BLOOM: I say, look...</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Break my spirit, will he? <em>O merde alors! (He cries, his
vulture talons sharpened.)</em> Hola! Hillyho!</p>
<p><em>(Simon Dedalus’ voice hilloes in answer, somewhat sleepy but
ready.)</em></p>
<p>SIMON: That’s all right. <em>(He swoops uncertainly through the air,
wheeling, uttering cries of heartening, on strong ponderous buzzard
wings.)</em> Ho, boy! Are you going to win? Hoop! Pschatt! Stable with
those halfcastes. Wouldn’t let them within the bawl of an ass. Head up!
Keep our flag flying! An eagle gules volant in a field argent displayed.
Ulster king at arms! Haihoop! <em>(He makes the beagle’s call, giving
tongue.)</em> Bulbul! Burblblburblbl! Hai, boy!</p>
<p><em>(The fronds and spaces of the wallpaper file rapidly across
country. A stout fox, drawn from covert, brush pointed, having buried
his grandmother, runs swift for the open, brighteyed, seeking badger
earth, under the leaves. The pack of staghounds follows, nose to the
ground, sniffing their quarry, beaglebaying, burblbrbling to be blooded.
Ward Union huntsmen and huntswomen live with them, hot for a kill. From
Six Mile Point, Flathouse, Nine Mile Stone follow the footpeople with
knotty sticks, hayforks, salmongaffs, lassos, flockmasters with
stockwhips, bearbaiters with tomtoms, toreadors with bullswords, grey
negroes waving torches. The crowd bawls of dicers, crown and anchor
players, thimbleriggers, broadsmen. Crows and touts, hoarse bookies in
high wizard hats clamour deafeningly.)</em></p>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-20.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-20.htm.html_pgepubid00081"
class="chapter">
<p>THE CROWD:</p>
<p>Card of the races. Racing card!<br />
Ten to one the field!<br />
Tommy on the clay here! Tommy on the clay!<br />
Ten to one bar one! Ten to one bar one!<br />
Try your luck on Spinning Jenny!<br />
Ten to one bar one!<br />
Sell the monkey, boys! Sell the monkey!<br />
I’ll give ten to one!<br />
Ten to one bar one!</p>
<p><em>(A dark horse, riderless, bolts like a phantom past the
winningpost, his mane moonfoaming, his eyeballs stars. The field
follows, a bunch of bucking mounts. Skeleton horses, Sceptre, Maximum
the Second, Zinfandel, the Duke of Westminster’s Shotover, Repulse, the
Duke of Beaufort’s Ceylon, prix de Paris. Dwarfs ride them,
rustyarmoured, leaping, leaping in their, in their saddles. Last in a
drizzle of rain on a brokenwinded isabelle nag, Cock of the North, the
favourite, honey cap, green jacket, orange sleeves, Garrett Deasy up,
gripping the reins, a hockeystick at the ready. His nag on spavined
whitegaitered feet jogs along the rocky road.)</em></p>
<p>THE ORANGE LODGES: <em>(Jeering.)</em> Get down and push, mister.
Last lap! You’ll be home the night!</p>
<p>GARRETT DEASY: <em>(Bolt upright, his nailscraped face plastered with
postagestamps, brandishes his hockeystick, his blue eyes flashing in the
prism of the chandelier as his mount lopes by at schooling
gallop.)</em></p>
<p><em>Per vias rectas!</em></p>
<p><em>(A yoke of buckets leopards all over him and his rearing nag a
torrent of mutton broth with dancing coins of carrots, barley, onions,
turnips, potatoes.)</em></p>
<p>THE GREEN LODGES: Soft day, sir John! Soft day, your honour!</p>
<p><em>(Private Carr, Private Compton and Cissy Caffrey pass beneath the
windows, singing in discord.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: Hark! Our friend noise in the street.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Holds up her hand.)</em> Stop!</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR, PRIVATE COMPTON AND CISSY CAFFREY:</p>
<p>Yet I’ve a sort of a<br />
Yorkshire relish for...</p>
<p>ZOE: That’s me. <em>(She claps her hands.)</em> Dance! Dance!
<em>(She runs to the pianola.)</em> Who has twopence?</p>
<p>BLOOM: Who’ll...?</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Handing her coins.)</em> Here.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Cracking his fingers impatiently.)</em> Quick! Quick!
Where’s my augur’s rod? <em>(He runs to the piano and takes his
ashplant, beating his foot in tripudium.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Turns the drumhandle.)</em> There.</p>
<p><em>(She drops two pennies in the slot. Gold, pink and violet lights
start forth. The drum turns purring in low hesitation waltz. Professor
Goodwin, in a bowknotted periwig, in court dress, wearing a stained
inverness cape, bent in two from incredible age, totters across the
room, his hands fluttering. He sits tinily on the pianostool and lifts
and beats handless sticks of arms on the keyboard, nodding with damsel’s
grace, his bowknot bobbing.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Twirls round herself, heeltapping.)</em> Dance. Anybody
here for there? Who’ll dance? Clear the table.</p>
<p><em>(The pianola with changing lights plays in waltz time the prelude
of</em> My Girl’s a Yorkshire Girl. <em>Stephen throws his ashplant on
the table and seizes Zoe round the waist. Florry and Bella push the
table towards the fireplace. Stephen, arming Zoe with exaggerated grace,
begins to waltz her round the room. Bloom stands aside. Her sleeve
falling from gracing arms, reveals a white fleshflower of vaccination.
Between the curtains Professor Maginni inserts a leg on the toepoint of
which spins a silk hat. With a deft kick he sends it spinning to his
crown and jauntyhatted skates in. He wears a slate frockcoat with claret
silk lapels, a gorget of cream tulle, a green lowcut waistcoat, stock
collar with white kerchief, tight lavender trousers, patent pumps and
canary gloves. In his buttonhole is an immense dahlia. He twirls in
reversed directions a clouded cane, then wedges it tight in his oxter.
He places a hand lightly on his breastbone, bows, and fondles his flower
and buttons.)</em></p>
<p>MAGINNI: The poetry of motion, art of calisthenics. No connection
with Madam Legget Byrne’s or Levenston’s. Fancy dress balls arranged.
Deportment. The Katty Lanner step. So. Watch me! My terpsichorean
abilities. <em>(He minuets forward three paces on tripping bee’s feet.)
Tout le monde en avant! Révérence! Tout le monde en place!</em></p>
<p><em>(The prelude ceases. Professor Goodwin, beating vague arms
shrivels, sinks, his live cape falling about the stool. The air in
firmer waltz time sounds. Stephen and Zoe circle freely. The lights
change, glow, fade gold rosy violet.)</em></p>
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<p>Two young fellows were talking about their girls, girls, girls,<br />
Sweethearts they’d left behind...</p>
<p><em>(From a corner the morning hours run out, goldhaired,
slimsandalled, in girlish blue, waspwaisted, with innocent hands. Nimbly
they dance, twirling their skipping ropes. The hours of noon follow in
amber gold. Laughing, linked, high haircombs flashing, they catch the
sun in mocking mirrors, lifting their arms.)</em></p>
<p>MAGINNI: <em>(Clipclaps glovesilent hands.) Carré! Avant deux!</em>
Breathe evenly! <em>Balance!</em></p>
<p><em>(The morning and noon hours waltz in their places, turning,
advancing to each other, shaping their curves, bowing visavis. Cavaliers
behind them arch and suspend their arms, with hands descending to,
touching, rising from their shoulders.)</em></p>
<p>HOURS: You may touch my.</p>
<p>CAVALIERS: May I touch your?</p>
<p>HOURS: O, but lightly!</p>
<p>CAVALIERS: O, so lightly!</p>
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<p>My little shy little lass has a waist.</p>
<p><em>(Zoe and Stephen turn boldly with looser swing. The twilight
hours advance from long landshadows, dispersed, lagging, languideyed,
their cheeks delicate with cipria and false faint bloom. They are in
grey gauze with dark bat sleeves that flutter in the land
breeze.)</em></p>
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Avant huit! Traversé! Salut! Cours de mains!
Croisé!</em></p>
<p><em>(The night hours, one by one, steal to the last place. Morning,
noon and twilight hours retreat before them. They are masked, with
daggered hair and bracelets of dull bells. Weary they curchycurchy under
veils.)</em></p>
<p>THE BRACELETS: Heigho! Heigho!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Twirling, her hand to her brow.)</em> O!</p>
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Les tiroirs! Chaîne de dames! La corbeille! Dos à
dos!</em></p>
<p><em>(Arabesquing wearily they weave a pattern on the floor, weaving,
unweaving, curtseying, twirling, simply swirling.)</em></p>
<p>ZOE: I’m giddy!</p>
<p><em>(She frees herself, droops on a chair. Stephen seizes Florry and
turns with her.)</em></p>
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Boulangère! Les ronds! Les ponts! Chevaux de bois!
Escargots!</em></p>
<p><em>(Twining, receding, with interchanging hands the night hours link
each each with arching arms in a mosaic of movements. Stephen and Florry
turn cumbrously.)</em></p>
<p>MAGINNI: <em>Dansez avec vos dames! Changez de dames! Donnez le petit
bouquet à votre dame! Remerciez!</em></p>
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<p>Best, best of all,<br />
Baraabum!</p>
<p>KITTY: <em>(Jumps up.)</em> O, they played that on the hobbyhorses at
the <em>Mirus</em> bazaar!</p>
<p><em>(She runs to Stephen. He leaves Florry brusquely and seizes
Kitty. A screaming bittern’s harsh high whistle shrieks.
Groangrousegurgling Toft’s cumbersome whirligig turns slowly the room
right roundabout the room.)</em></p>
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<p>My girl’s a Yorkshire girl.</p>
<p>ZOE:</p>
<p>Yorkshire through and through. Come on all!</p>
<p><em>(She seizes Florry and waltzes her.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Pas seul!</em></p>
<p><em>(He wheels Kitty into Lynch’s arms, snatches up his ashplant from
the table and takes the floor. All wheel whirl waltz twirl. Bloombella
Kittylynch Florryzoe jujuby women. Stephen with hat ashplant frogsplits
in middle highkicks with skykicking mouth shut hand clasp part under
thigh. With clang tinkle boomhammer tallyho hornblower blue green yellow
flashes Toft’s cumbersome turns with hobbyhorse riders from gilded
snakes dangled, bowels fandango leaping spurn soil foot and fall
again.)</em></p>
<p>THE PIANOLA:</p>
<p>Though she’s a factory lass<br />
And wears no fancy clothes.</p>
<p><em>(Closeclutched swift swifter with glareblareflare scudding they
scootlootshoot lumbering by. Baraabum!)</em></p>
<p>TUTTI: Encore! Bis! Bravo! Encore!</p>
<p>SIMON: Think of your mother’s people!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Dance of death.</p>
<p><em>(Bang fresh barang bang of lacquey’s bell, horse, nag, steer,
piglings, Conmee on Christass, lame crutch and leg sailor in cockboat
armfolded ropepulling hitching stamp hornpipe through and through.
Baraabum! On nags hogs bellhorses Gadarene swine Corny in coffin steel
shark stone onehandled Nelson two trickies Frauenzimmer plumstained from
pram falling bawling. Gum he’s a champion. Fuseblue peer from barrel
rev. evensong Love on hackney jaunt Blazes blind coddoubled bicyclers
Dilly with snowcake no fancy clothes. Then in last switchback lumbering
up and down bump mashtub sort of viceroy and reine relish for tublumber
bumpshire rose. Baraabum!)</em></p>
<p><em>(The couples fall aside. Stephen whirls giddily. Room whirls
back. Eyes closed he totters. Red rails fly spacewards. Stars all around
suns turn roundabout. Bright midges dance on walls. He stops
dead.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: Ho!</p>
<p><em>(Stephen’s mother, emaciated, rises stark through the floor, in
leper grey with a wreath of faded orangeblossoms and a torn bridal veil,
her face worn and noseless, green with gravemould. Her hair is scant and
lank. She fixes her bluecircled hollow eyesockets on Stephen and opens
her toothless mouth uttering a silent word. A choir of virgins and
confessors sing voicelessly.)</em></p>
<p>THE CHOIR:</p>
<p>Liliata rutilantium te confessorum...<br />
Iubilantium te virginum...</p>
<p><em>(From the top of a tower Buck Mulligan, in particoloured jester’s
dress of puce and yellow and clown’s cap with curling bell, stands
gaping at her, a smoking buttered split scone in his hand.)</em></p>
<p>BUCK MULLIGAN: She’s beastly dead. The pity of it! Mulligan meets the
afflicted mother. <em>(He upturns his eyes.)</em> Mercurial Malachi!</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(With the subtle smile of death’s madness.)</em> I
was once the beautiful May Goulding. I am dead.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Horrorstruck.)</em> Lemur, who are you? No. What
bogeyman’s trick is this?</p>
<p>BUCK MULLIGAN: <em>(Shakes his curling capbell.)</em> The mockery of
it! Kinch dogsbody killed her bitchbody. She kicked the bucket.
<em>(Tears of molten butter fall from his eyes on to the scone.)</em>
Our great sweet mother! <em>Epi oinopa ponton.</em></p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(Comes nearer, breathing upon him softly her breath
of wetted ashes.)</em> All must go through it, Stephen. More women than
men in the world. You too. Time will come.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Choking with fright, remorse and horror.)</em> They say
I killed you, mother. He offended your memory. Cancer did it, not I.
Destiny.</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(A green rill of bile trickling from a side of her
mouth.)</em> You sang that song to me. <em>Love’s bitter
mystery.</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Eagerly.)</em> Tell me the word, mother, if you know
now. The word known to all men.</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: Who saved you the night you jumped into the train at
Dalkey with Paddy Lee? Who had pity for you when you were sad among the
strangers? Prayer is allpowerful. Prayer for the suffering souls in the
Ursuline manual and forty days’ indulgence. Repent, Stephen.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: The ghoul! Hyena!</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: I pray for you in my other world. Get Dilly to make you
that boiled rice every night after your brainwork. Years and years I
loved you, O, my son, my firstborn, when you lay in my womb.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Fanning herself with the grate fan.)</em> I’m melting!</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(Points to Stephen.)</em> Look! He’s white.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Goes to the window to open it more.)</em> Giddy.</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(With smouldering eyes.)</em> Repent! O, the fire of
hell!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Panting.)</em> His noncorrosive sublimate! The
corpsechewer! Raw head and bloody bones.</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(Her face drawing near and nearer, sending out an
ashen breath.)</em> Beware! <em>(She raises her blackened withered right
arm slowly towards Stephen’s breast with outstretched finger.)</em>
Beware God’s hand! <em>(A green crab with malignant red eyes sticks deep
its grinning claws in Stephen’s heart.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Strangled with rage.)</em> Shite! <em>(His features
grow drawn and grey and old.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(At the window.)</em> What?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Ah non, par exemple!</em> The intellectual imagination!
With me all or not at all. <em>Non serviam!</em></p>
<p>FLORRY: Give him some cold water. Wait. <em>(She rushes
out.)</em></p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(Wrings her hands slowly, moaning desperately.)</em>
O Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on him! Save him from hell, O Divine
Sacred Heart!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: No! No! No! Break my spirit, all of you, if you can! I’ll
bring you all to heel!</p>
<p>THE MOTHER: <em>(In the agony of her deathrattle.)</em> Have mercy on
Stephen, Lord, for my sake! Inexpressible was my anguish when expiring
with love, grief and agony on Mount Calvary.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>Nothung!</em></p>
<p><em>(He lifts his ashplant high with both hands and smashes the
chandelier. Time’s livid final flame leaps and, in the following
darkness, ruin of all space, shattered glass and toppling
masonry.)</em></p>
<p>THE GASJET: Pwfungg!</p>
<p>BLOOM: Stop!</p>
<p>LYNCH: <em>(Rushes forward and seizes Stephen’s hand.)</em> Here!
Hold on! Don’t run amok!</p>
<p>BELLA: Police!</p>
<p><em>(Stephen, abandoning his ashplant, his head and arms thrown back
stark, beats the ground and flies from the room, past the whores at the
door.)</em></p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Screams.)</em> After him!</p>
<p><em>(The two whores rush to the halldoor. Lynch and Kitty and Zoe
stampede from the room. They talk excitedly. Bloom follows,
returns.)</em></p>
<p>THE WHORES: <em>(Jammed in the doorway, pointing.)</em> Down
there.</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(Pointing.)</em> There. There’s something up.</p>
<p>BELLA: Who pays for the lamp? <em>(She seizes Bloom’s coattail.)</em>
Here, you were with him. The lamp’s broken.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Rushes to the hall, rushes back.)</em> What lamp,
woman?</p>
<p>A WHORE: He tore his coat.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Her eyes hard with anger and cupidity, points.)</em>
Who’s to pay for that? Ten shillings. You’re a witness.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Snatches up Stephen’s ashplant.)</em> Me? Ten shillings?
Haven’t you lifted enough off him? Didn’t he...?</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Loudly.)</em> Here, none of your tall talk. This isn’t a
brothel. A ten shilling house.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(His head under the lamp, pulls the chain. Pulling, the
gasjet lights up a crushed mauve purple shade. He raises the
ashplant.)</em> Only the chimney’s broken. Here is all he...</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Shrinks back and screams.)</em> Jesus! Don’t!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Warding off a blow.)</em> To show you how he hit the
paper. There’s not sixpenceworth of damage done. Ten shillings!</p>
<p>FLORRY: <em>(With a glass of water, enters.)</em> Where is he?</p>
<p>BELLA: Do you want me to call the police?</p>
<p>BLOOM: O, I know. Bulldog on the premises. But he’s a Trinity
student. Patrons of your establishment. Gentlemen that pay the rent.
<em>(He makes a masonic sign.)</em> Know what I mean? Nephew of the
vicechancellor. You don’t want a scandal.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Angrily.)</em> Trinity. Coming down here ragging after
the boatraces and paying nothing. Are you my commander here or? Where is
he? I’ll charge him! Disgrace him, I will! <em>(She shouts.)</em> Zoe!
Zoe!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Urgently.)</em> And if it were your own son in Oxford?
<em>(Warningly.)</em> I know.</p>
<p>BELLA: <em>(Almost speechless.)</em> Who are. Incog!</p>
<p>ZOE: <em>(In the doorway.)</em> There’s a row on.</p>
<p>BLOOM: What? Where? <em>(He throws a shilling on the table and
starts.)</em> That’s for the chimney. Where? I need mountain air.</p>
<p><em>(He hurries out through the hall. The whores point. Florry
follows, spilling water from her tilted tumbler. On the doorstep all the
whores clustered talk volubly, pointing to the right where the fog has
cleared off. From the left arrives a jingling hackney car. It slows to
in front of the house. Bloom at the halldoor perceives Corny Kelleher
who is about to dismount from the car with two silent lechers. He averts
his face. Bella from within the hall urges on her whores. They blow
ickylickysticky yumyum kisses. Corny Kelleher replies with a ghastly
lewd smile. The silent lechers turn to pay the jarvey. Zoe and Kitty
still point right. Bloom, parting them swiftly, draws his caliph’s hood
and poncho and hurries down the steps with sideways face. Incog Haroun
al Raschid he flits behind the silent lechers and hastens on by the
railings with fleet step of a pard strewing the drag behind him, torn
envelopes drenched in aniseed. The ashplant marks his stride. A pack of
bloodhounds, led by Hornblower of Trinity brandishing a dogwhip in
tallyho cap and an old pair of grey trousers, follows from far, picking
up the scent, nearer, baying, panting, at fault, breaking away, throwing
their tongues, biting his heels, leaping at his tail. He walks, runs,
zigzags, gallops, lugs laid back. He is pelted with gravel,
cabbagestumps, biscuitboxes, eggs, potatoes, dead codfish, woman’s
slipperslappers. After him freshfound the hue and cry zigzag gallops in
hot pursuit of follow my leader: 65 C, 66 C, night watch, John Henry
Menton, Wisdom Hely, V. B. Dillon, Councillor Nannetti, Alexander Keyes,
Larry O’Rourke, Joe Cuffe, Mrs O’Dowd, Pisser Burke, The Nameless One,
Mrs Riordan, The Citizen, Garryowen, Whodoyoucallhim, Strangeface,
Fellowthatsolike, Sawhimbefore, Chapwithawen, Chris Callinan, sir
Charles Cameron, Benjamin Dollard, Lenehan, Bartell d’Arcy, Joe Hynes,
red Murray, editor Brayden, T. M. Healy, Mr Justice Fitzgibbon, John
Howard Parnell, the reverend Tinned Salmon, Professor Joly, Mrs Breen,
Denis Breen, Theodore Purefoy, Mina Purefoy, the Westland Row
postmistress, C. P. M’Coy, friend of Lyons, Hoppy Holohan,
maninthestreet, othermaninthestreet, Footballboots, pugnosed driver,
rich protestant lady, Davy Byrne, Mrs Ellen M’Guinness, Mrs Joe
Gallaher, George Lidwell, Jimmy Henry on corns, Superintendent Laracy,
Father Cowley, Crofton out of the Collector-general’s, Dan Dawson,
dental surgeon Bloom with tweezers, Mrs Bob Doran, Mrs Kennefick, Mrs
Wyse Nolan, John Wyse Nolan,
handsomemarriedwomanrubbedagainstwidebehindinClonskea tram, the
bookseller of</em> Sweets of Sin, <em>Miss Dubedatandshedidbedad,
Mesdames Gerald and Stanislaus Moran of Roebuck, the managing clerk of
Drimmie’s, Wetherup, colonel Hayes, Mastiansky, Citron, Penrose, Aaron
Figatner, Moses Herzog, Michael E Geraghty, Inspector Troy, Mrs
Galbraith, the constable off Eccles street corner, old doctor Brady with
stethoscope, the mystery man on the beach, a retriever, Mrs Miriam
Dandrade and all her lovers.)</em></p>
<p>THE HUE AND CRY: <em>(Helterskelterpelterwelter.)</em> He’s Bloom!
Stop Bloom! Stopabloom! Stopperrobber! Hi! Hi! Stophim on the
corner!</p>
<p><em>(At the corner of Beaver street beneath the scaffolding Bloom
panting stops on the fringe of the noisy quarrelling knot, a lot not
knowing a jot what hi! hi! row and wrangle round the whowhat
brawlaltogether.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(With elaborate gestures, breathing deeply and
slowly.)</em> You are my guests. Uninvited. By virtue of the fifth of
George and seventh of Edward. History to blame. Fabled by mothers of
memory.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To Cissy Caffrey.)</em> Was he insulting you?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Addressed her in vocative feminine. Probably neuter.
Ungenitive.</p>
<p>VOICES: No, he didn’t. I seen him. The girl there. He was in Mrs
Cohen’s. What’s up? Soldier and civilian.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: I was in company with the soldiers and they left me to
do—you know, and the young man run up behind me. But I’m faithful to the
man that’s treating me though I’m only a shilling whore.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Catches sight of Lynch’s and Kitty’s heads.)</em> Hail,
Sisyphus. <em>(He points to himself and the others.)</em> Poetic.
Uropoetic.</p>
<p>VOICES: Shes faithfultheman.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: Yes, to go with him. And me with a soldier friend.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: He doesn’t half want a thick ear, the blighter. Biff
him one, Harry.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To Cissy.)</em> Was he insulting you while me and
him was having a piss?</p>
<p>LORD TENNYSON: <em>(Gentleman poet in Union Jack blazer and cricket
flannels, bareheaded, flowingbearded.)</em> Theirs not to reason
why.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Biff him, Harry.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(To Private Compton.)</em> I don’t know your name but
you are quite right. Doctor Swift says one man in armour will beat ten
men in their shirts. Shirt is synechdoche. Part for the whole.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(To the crowd.)</em> No, I was with the
privates.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Amiably.)</em> Why not? The bold soldier boy. In my
opinion every lady for example...</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(His cap awry, advances to Stephen.)</em> Say, how
would it be, governor, if I was to bash in your jaw?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Looks up to the sky.)</em> How? Very unpleasant. Noble
art of selfpretence. Personally, I detest action. <em>(He waves his
hand.)</em> Hand hurts me slightly. <em>Enfin ce sont vos oignons.</em>
<em>(To Cissy Caffrey.)</em> Some trouble is on here. What is it
precisely?</p>
<p>DOLLY GRAY: <em>(From her balcony waves her handkerchief, giving the
sign of the heroine of Jericho.)</em> Rahab. Cook’s son, goodbye. Safe
home to Dolly. Dream of the girl you left behind and she will dream of
you.</p>
<p><em>(The soldiers turn their swimming eyes.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Elbowing through the crowd, plucks Stephen’s sleeve
vigorously.)</em> Come now, professor, that carman is waiting.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Turns.)</em> Eh? <em>(He disengages himself.)</em> Why
should I not speak to him or to any human being who walks upright upon
this oblate orange? <em>(He points his finger.)</em> I’m not afraid of
what I can talk to if I see his eye. Retaining the perpendicular.</p>
<p><em>(He staggers a pace back.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Propping him.)</em> Retain your own.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Laughs emptily.)</em> My centre of gravity is
displaced. I have forgotten the trick. Let us sit down somewhere and
discuss. Struggle for life is the law of existence but but human
philirenists, notably the tsar and the king of England, have invented
arbitration. <em>(He taps his brow.)</em> But in here it is I must kill
the priest and the king.</p>
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: Did you hear what the professor said? He’s a
professor out of the college.</p>
<p>CUNTY KATE: I did. I heard that.</p>
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: He expresses himself with such marked refinement of
phraseology.</p>
<p>CUNTY KATE: Indeed, yes. And at the same time with such apposite
trenchancy.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Pulls himself free and comes forward.)</em> What’s
that you’re saying about my king?</p>
<p><em>(Edward the Seventh appears in an archway. He wears a white
jersey on which an image of the Sacred Heart is stitched with the
insignia of Garter and Thistle, Golden Fleece, Elephant of Denmark,
Skinner’s and Probyn’s horse, Lincoln’s Inn bencher and ancient and
honourable artillery company of Massachusetts. He sucks a red jujube. He
is robed as a grand elect perfect and sublime mason with trowel and
apron, marked</em> made in Germany. <em>In his left hand he holds a
plasterer’s bucket on which is printed</em> Défense d’uriner. <em>A roar
of welcome greets him.)</em></p>
<p>EDWARD THE SEVENTH: <em>(Slowly, solemnly but indistinctly.)</em>
Peace, perfect peace. For identification, bucket in my hand. Cheerio,
boys. <em>(He turns to his subjects.)</em> We have come here to witness
a clean straight fight and we heartily wish both men the best of good
luck. Mahak makar a bak.</p>
<p><em>(He shakes hands with Private Carr, Private Compton, Stephen,
Bloom and Lynch. General applause. Edward the Seventh lifts his bucket
graciously in acknowledgment.)</em></p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(To Stephen.)</em> Say it again.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Nervous, friendly, pulls himself up.)</em> I understand
your point of view though I have no king myself for the moment. This is
the age of patent medicines. A discussion is difficult down here. But
this is the point. You die for your country. Suppose. <em>(He places his
arm on Private Carr’s sleeve.)</em> Not that I wish it for you. But I
say: Let my country die for me. Up to the present it has done so. I
didn’t want it to die. Damn death. Long live life!</p>
<p>EDWARD THE SEVENTH: <em>(Levitates over heaps of slain, in the garb
and with the halo of Joking Jesus, a white jujube in his phosphorescent
face.)</em></p>
<p>My methods are new and are causing surprise.<br />
To make the blind see I throw dust in their eyes.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Kings and unicorns! <em>(He falls back a pace.)</em> Come
somewhere and we’ll... What was that girl saying?...</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Eh, Harry, give him a kick in the knackers. Stick
one into Jerry.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To the privates, softly.)</em> He doesn’t know what he’s
saying. Taken a little more than is good for him. Absinthe. Greeneyed
monster. I know him. He’s a gentleman, a poet. It’s all right.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Nods, smiling and laughing.)</em> Gentleman, patriot,
scholar and judge of impostors.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: I don’t give a bugger who he is.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: We don’t give a bugger who he is.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: I seem to annoy them. Green rag to a bull.</p>
<p><em>(Kevin Egan of Paris in black Spanish tasselled shirt and
peep-o’-day boy’s hat signs to Stephen.)</em></p>
<p>KEVIN EGAN: H’lo! <em>Bonjour!</em> The <em>vieille ogresse</em> with
the <em>dents jaunes</em>.</p>
<p><em>(Patrice Egan peeps from behind, his rabbitface nibbling a quince
leaf.)</em></p>
<p>PATRICE: <em>Socialiste!</em></p>
<p>DON EMILE PATRIZIO FRANZ RUPERT POPE HENNESSY: <em>(In medieval
hauberk, two wild geese volant on his helm, with noble indignation
points a mailed hand against the privates.)</em> Werf those eykes to
footboden, big grand porcos of johnyellows todos covered of gravy!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To Stephen.)</em> Come home. You’ll get into trouble.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Swaying.)</em> I don’t avoid it. He provokes my
intelligence.</p>
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: One immediately observes that he is of patrician
lineage.</p>
<p>THE VIRAGO: Green above the red, says he. Wolfe Tone.</p>
<p>THE BAWD: The red’s as good as the green. And better. Up the
soldiers! Up King Edward!</p>
<p>A ROUGH: <em>(Laughs.)</em> Ay! Hands up to De Wet.</p>
<p>THE CITIZEN: <em>(With a huge emerald muffler and shillelagh,
calls.)</em></p>
<p>May the God above<br />
Send down a dove<br />
With teeth as sharp as razors<br />
To slit the throats<br />
Of the English dogs<br />
That hanged our Irish leaders.</p>
<p>THE CROPPY BOY: <em>(The ropenoose round his neck, gripes in his
issuing bowels with both hands.)</em></p>
<p>I bear no hate to a living thing,<br />
But I love my country beyond the king.</p>
<p>RUMBOLD, DEMON BARBER: <em>(Accompanied by two blackmasked
assistants, advances with gladstone bag which he opens.)</em> Ladies and
gents, cleaver purchased by Mrs Pearcy to slay Mogg. Knife with which
Voisin dismembered the wife of a compatriot and hid remains in a sheet
in the cellar, the unfortunate female’s throat being cut from ear to
ear. Phial containing arsenic retrieved from body of Miss Barron which
sent Seddon to the gallows.</p>
<p><em>(He jerks the rope. The assistants leap at the victim’s legs and
drag him downward, grunting: the croppy boy’s tongue protrudes
violently.)</em></p>
<p>THE CROPPY BOY:</p>
<p>Horhot ho hray hor hother’s hest.</p>
<p><em>(He gives up the ghost. A violent erection of the hanged sends
gouts of sperm spouting through his deathclothes on to the cobblestones.
Mrs Bellingham, Mrs Yelverton Barry and the Honourable Mrs Mervyn
Talboys rush forward with their handkerchiefs to sop it up.)</em></p>
<p>RUMBOLD: I’m near it myself. <em>(He undoes the noose.)</em> Rope
which hanged the awful rebel. Ten shillings a time. As applied to Her
Royal Highness. <em>(He plunges his head into the gaping belly of the
hanged and draws out his head again clotted with coiled and smoking
entrails.)</em> My painful duty has now been done. God save the
king!</p>
<p>EDWARD THE SEVENTH: <em>(Dances slowly, solemnly, rattling his
bucket, and sings with soft contentment.)</em></p>
<p>On coronation day, on coronation day,<br />
O, won’t we have a merry time,<br />
Drinking whisky, beer and wine!</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: Here. What are you saying about my king?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Throws up his hands.)</em> O, this is too monotonous!
Nothing. He wants my money and my life, though want must be his master,
for some brutish empire of his. Money I haven’t. <em>(He searches his
pockets vaguely.)</em> Gave it to someone.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: Who wants your bleeding money?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Tries to move off.)</em> Will someone tell me where I
am least likely to meet these necessary evils? <em>Ça se voit aussi à
Paris.</em> Not that I... But, by Saint Patrick...!</p>
<p><em>(The women’s heads coalesce. Old Gummy Granny in sugarloaf hat
appears seated on a toadstool, the deathflower of the potato blight on
her breast.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: Aha! I know you, gammer! Hamlet, revenge! The old sow that
eats her farrow!</p>
<p>OLD GUMMY GRANNY: <em>(Rocking to and fro.)</em> Ireland’s
sweetheart, the king of Spain’s daughter, alanna. Strangers in my house,
bad manners to them! <em>(She keens with banshee woe.)</em> Ochone!
Ochone! Silk of the kine! <em>(She wails.)</em> You met with poor old
Ireland and how does she stand?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: How do I stand you? The hat trick! Where’s the third person
of the Blessed Trinity? Soggarth Aroon? The reverend Carrion Crow.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Shrill.)</em> Stop them from fighting!</p>
<p>A ROUGH: Our men retreated.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Tugging at his belt.)</em> I’ll wring the neck of
any fucker says a word against my fucking king.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Terrified.)</em> He said nothing. Not a word. A pure
misunderstanding.</p>
<p>THE CITIZEN: <em>Erin go bragh!</em></p>
<p><em>(Major Tweedy and the Citizen exhibit to each other medals,
decorations, trophies of war, wounds. Both salute with fierce
hostility.)</em></p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: Go it, Harry. Do him one in the eye. He’s a
proboer.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Did I? When?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(To the redcoats.)</em> We fought for you in South Africa,
Irish missile troops. Isn’t that history? Royal Dublin Fusiliers.
Honoured by our monarch.</p>
<p>THE NAVVY: <em>(Staggering past.)</em> O, yes! O God, yes! O, make
the kwawr a krowawr! O! Bo!</p>
<p><em>(Casqued halberdiers in armour thrust forward a pentice of gutted
spearpoints. Major Tweedy, moustached like Turko the terrible, in
bearskin cap with hackleplume and accoutrements, with epaulettes, gilt
chevrons and sabretaches, his breast bright with medals, toes the line.
He gives the pilgrim warrior’s sign of the knights templars.)</em></p>
<p>MAJOR TWEEDY: <em>(Growls gruffly.)</em> Rorke’s Drift! Up, guards,
and at them! Mahar shalal hashbaz.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: I’ll do him in.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Waves the crowd back.)</em> Fair play, here.
Make a bleeding butcher’s shop of the bugger.</p>
<p><em>(Massed bands blare</em> Garryowen <em>and</em> God save the
King.)</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: They’re going to fight. For me!</p>
<p>CUNTY KATE: The brave and the fair.</p>
<p>BIDDY THE CLAP: Methinks yon sable knight will joust it with the
best.</p>
<p>CUNTY KATE: <em>(Blushing deeply.)</em> Nay, madam. The gules doublet
and merry saint George for me!</p>
<p>STEPHEN:</p>
<p>The harlot’s cry from street to street<br />
Shall weave Old Ireland’s windingsheet.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Loosening his belt, shouts.)</em> I’ll wring the
neck of any fucking bastard says a word against my bleeding fucking
king.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shakes Cissy Caffrey’s shoulders.)</em> Speak, you! Are
you struck dumb? You are the link between nations and generations.
Speak, woman, sacred lifegiver!</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Alarmed, seizes Private Carr’s sleeve.)</em>
Amn’t I with you? Amn’t I your girl? Cissy’s your girl. <em>(She
cries.)</em> Police!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Ecstatically, to Cissy Caffrey.)</em></p>
<p>White thy fambles, red thy gan<br />
And thy quarrons dainty is.</p>
<p>VOICES: Police!</p>
<p>DISTANT VOICES: Dublin’s burning! Dublin’s burning! On fire, on
fire!</p>
<p><em>(Brimstone fires spring up. Dense clouds roll past. Heavy Gatling
guns boom. Pandemonium. Troops deploy. Gallop of hoofs. Artillery.
Hoarse commands. Bells clang. Backers shout. Drunkards bawl. Whores
screech. Foghorns hoot. Cries of valour. Shrieks of dying. Pikes clash
on cuirasses. Thieves rob the slain. Birds of prey, winging from the
sea, rising from marshlands, swooping from eyries, hover screaming,
gannets, cormorants, vultures, goshawks, climbing woodcocks, peregrines,
merlins, blackgrouse, sea eagles, gulls, albatrosses, barnacle geese.
The midnight sun is darkened. The earth trembles. The dead of Dublin
from Prospect and Mount Jerome in white sheepskin overcoats and black
goatfell cloaks arise and appear to many. A chasm opens with a noiseless
yawn. Tom Rochford, winner, in athlete’s singlet and breeches, arrives
at the head of the national hurdle handicap and leaps into the void. He
is followed by a race of runners and leapers. In wild attitudes they
spring from the brink. Their bodies plunge. Factory lasses with fancy
clothes toss redhot Yorkshire baraabombs. Society ladies lift their
skirts above their heads to protect themselves. Laughing witches in red
cutty sarks ride through the air on broomsticks. Quakerlyster plasters
blisters. It rains dragons’ teeth. Armed heroes spring up from furrows.
They exchange in amity the pass of knights of the red cross and fight
duels with cavalry sabres: Wolfe Tone against Henry Grattan, Smith
O’Brien against Daniel O’Connell, Michael Davitt against Isaac Butt,
Justin M’Carthy against Parnell, Arthur Griffith against John Redmond,
John O’Leary against Lear O’Johnny, Lord Edward Fitzgerald against Lord
Gerald Fitzedward, The O’Donoghue of the Glens against The Glens of The
O’Donoghue. On an eminence, the centre of the earth, rises the
fieldaltar of Saint Barbara. Black candles rise from its gospel and
epistle horns. From the high barbacans of the tower two shafts of light
fall on the smokepalled altarstone. On the altarstone Mrs Mina Purefoy,
goddess of unreason, lies, naked, fettered, a chalice resting on her
swollen belly. Father Malachi O’Flynn in a lace petticoat and reversed
chasuble, his two left feet back to the front, celebrates camp mass. The
Reverend Mr Hugh C Haines Love M. A. in a plain cassock and mortarboard,
his head and collar back to the front, holds over the celebrant’s head
an open umbrella.)</em></p>
<p>FATHER MALACHI O’FLYNN: <em>Introibo ad altare diaboli.</em></p>
<p>THE REVEREND MR HAINES LOVE: To the devil which hath made glad my
young days.</p>
<p>FATHER MALACHI O’FLYNN: <em>(Takes from the chalice and elevates a
blooddripping host.) Corpus meum.</em></p>
<p>THE REVEREND MR HAINES LOVE: <em>(Raises high behind the celebrant’s
petticoat, revealing his grey bare hairy buttocks between which a carrot
is stuck.)</em> My body.</p>
<p>THE VOICE OF ALL THE DAMNED: Htengier Tnetopinmo Dog Drol eht rof,
Aiulella!</p>
<p><em>(From on high the voice of Adonai calls.)</em></p>
<p>ADONAI: Dooooooooooog!</p>
<p>THE VOICE OF ALL THE BLESSED: Alleluia, for the Lord God Omnipotent
reigneth!</p>
<p><em>(From on high the voice of Adonai calls.)</em></p>
<p>ADONAI: Goooooooooood!</p>
<p><em>(In strident discord peasants and townsmen of Orange and Green
factions sing</em> Kick the Pope <em>and</em> Daily, daily sing to
Mary.)</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(With ferocious articulation.)</em> I’ll do him in,
so help me fucking Christ! I’ll wring the bastard fucker’s bleeding
blasted fucking windpipe!</p>
<p><em>(The retriever, nosing on the fringe of the crowd, barks
noisily.)</em></p>
<p>OLD GUMMY GRANNY: <em>(Thrusts a dagger towards Stephen’s hand.)</em>
Remove him, acushla. At 8.35 a.m. you will be in heaven and Ireland will
be free. <em>(She prays.)</em> O good God, take him!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Runs to Lynch.)</em> Can’t you get him away?</p>
<p>LYNCH: He likes dialectic, the universal language. Kitty! <em>(To
Bloom.)</em> Get him away, you. He won’t listen to me.</p>
<p><em>(He drags Kitty away.)</em></p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Points.) Exit Judas. Et laqueo se suspendit.</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Runs to Stephen.)</em> Come along with me now before
worse happens. Here’s your stick.</p>
<p>STEPHEN: Stick, no. Reason. This feast of pure reason.</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(Pulling Private Carr.)</em> Come on, you’re
boosed. He insulted me but I forgive him. <em>(Shouting in his
ear.)</em> I forgive him for insulting me.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Over Stephen’s shoulder.)</em> Yes, go. You see he’s
incapable.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Breaks loose.)</em> I’ll insult him.</p>
<p><em>(He rushes towards Stephen, fist outstretched, and strikes him in
the face. Stephen totters, collapses, falls, stunned. He lies prone, his
face to the sky, his hat rolling to the wall. Bloom follows and picks it
up.)</em></p>
<p>MAJOR TWEEDY: <em>(Loudly.)</em> Carbine in bucket! Cease fire!
Salute!</p>
<p>THE RETRIEVER: <em>(Barking furiously.)</em> Ute ute ute ute ute ute
ute ute.</p>
<p>THE CROWD: Let him up! Don’t strike him when he’s down! Air! Who? The
soldier hit him. He’s a professor. Is he hurted? Don’t manhandle him!
He’s fainted!</p>
<p>A HAG: What call had the redcoat to strike the gentleman and he under
the influence. Let them go and fight the Boers!</p>
<p>THE BAWD: Listen to who’s talking! Hasn’t the soldier a right to go
with his girl? He gave him the coward’s blow.</p>
<p><em>(They grab at each other’s hair, claw at each other and
spit.)</em></p>
<p>THE RETRIEVER: <em>(Barking.)</em> Wow wow wow.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shoves them back, loudly.)</em> Get back, stand back!</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Tugging his comrade.)</em> Here. Bugger off,
Harry. Here’s the cops! <em>(Two raincaped watch, tall, stand in the
group.)</em></p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: What’s wrong here?</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: We were with this lady. And he insulted us. And
assaulted my chum. <em>(The retriever barks.)</em> Who owns the bleeding
tyke?</p>
<p>CISSY CAFFREY: <em>(With expectation.)</em> Is he bleeding!</p>
<p>A MAN: <em>(Rising from his knees.)</em> No. Gone off. He’ll come to
all right.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Glances sharply at the man.)</em> Leave him to me. I can
easily...</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: Who are you? Do you know him?</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Lurches towards the watch.)</em> He insulted my
lady friend.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Angrily.)</em> You hit him without provocation. I’m a
witness. Constable, take his regimental number.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: I don’t want your instructions in the discharge of my
duty.</p>
<p>PRIVATE COMPTON: <em>(Pulling his comrade.)</em> Here, bugger off
Harry. Or Bennett’ll shove you in the lockup.</p>
<p>PRIVATE CARR: <em>(Staggering as he is pulled away.)</em> God fuck
old Bennett. He’s a whitearsed bugger. I don’t give a shit for him.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Takes out his notebook.)</em> What’s his name?</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Peering over the crowd.)</em> I just see a car there. If
you give me a hand a second, sergeant...</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: Name and address.</p>
<p><em>(Corny Kelleher, weepers round his hat, a death wreath in his
hand, appears among the bystanders.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Quickly.)</em> O, the very man! <em>(He whispers.)</em>
Simon Dedalus’ son. A bit sprung. Get those policemen to move those
loafers back.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: Night, Mr Kelleher.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(To the watch, with drawling eye.)</em> That’s
all right. I know him. Won a bit on the races. Gold cup. Throwaway.
<em>(He laughs.)</em> Twenty to one. Do you follow me?</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Turns to the crowd.)</em> Here, what are you all
gaping at? Move on out of that.</p>
<p><em>(The crowd disperses slowly, muttering, down the lane.)</em></p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Leave it to me, sergeant. That’ll be all right.
<em>(He laughs, shaking his head.)</em> We were often as bad ourselves,
ay or worse. What? Eh, what?</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: <em>(Laughs.)</em> I suppose so.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Nudges the second watch.)</em> Come and wipe
your name off the slate. <em>(He lilts, wagging his head.)</em> With my
tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom tooraloom. What, eh, do you follow me?</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: <em>(Genially.)</em> Ah, sure we were too.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Winking.)</em> Boys will be boys. I’ve a car
round there.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: All right, Mr Kelleher. Good night.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: I’ll see to that.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Shakes hands with both of the watch in turn.)</em> Thank
you very much, gentlemen. Thank you. <em>(He mumbles
confidentially.)</em> We don’t want any scandal, you understand. Father
is a wellknown highly respected citizen. Just a little wild oats, you
understand.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: O. I understand, sir.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: That’s all right, sir.</p>
<p>FIRST WATCH: It was only in case of corporal injuries I’d have to
report it at the station.</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Nods rapidly.)</em> Naturally. Quite right. Only your
bounden duty.</p>
<p>SECOND WATCH: It’s our duty.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Good night, men.</p>
<p>THE WATCH: <em>(Saluting together.)</em> Night, gentlemen. <em>(They
move off with slow heavy tread.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Blows.)</em> Providential you came on the scene. You have
a car?...</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Laughs, pointing his thumb over his right
shoulder to the car brought up against the scaffolding.)</em> Two
commercials that were standing fizz in Jammet’s. Like princes, faith.
One of them lost two quid on the race. Drowning his grief. And were on
for a go with the jolly girls. So I landed them up on Behan’s car and
down to nighttown.</p>
<p>BLOOM: I was just going home by Gardiner street when I happened
to...</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Laughs.)</em> Sure they wanted me to join in
with the mots. No, by God, says I. Not for old stagers like myself and
yourself. <em>(He laughs again and leers with lacklustre eye.)</em>
Thanks be to God we have it in the house, what, eh, do you follow me?
Hah, hah, hah!</p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Tries to laugh.)</em> He, he, he! Yes. Matter of fact I
was just visiting an old friend of mine there, Virag, you don’t know him
(poor fellow, he’s laid up for the past week) and we had a liquor
together and I was just making my way home...</p>
<p><em>(The horse neighs.)</em></p>
<p>THE HORSE: Hohohohohohoh! Hohohohome!</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Sure it was Behan our jarvey there that told me after
we left the two commercials in Mrs Cohen’s and I told him to pull up and
got off to see. <em>(He laughs.)</em> Sober hearsedrivers a speciality.
Will I give him a lift home? Where does he hang out? Somewhere in Cabra,
what?</p>
<p>BLOOM: No, in Sandycove, I believe, from what he let drop.</p>
<p><em>(Stephen, prone, breathes to the stars. Corny Kelleher, asquint,
drawls at the horse. Bloom, in gloom, looms down.)</em></p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(Scratches his nape.)</em> Sandycove! <em>(He
bends down and calls to Stephen.)</em> Eh! <em>(He calls again.)</em>
Eh! He’s covered with shavings anyhow. Take care they didn’t lift
anything off him.</p>
<p>BLOOM: No, no, no. I have his money and his hat here and stick.</p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: Ah, well, he’ll get over it. No bones broken. Well,
I’ll shove along. <em>(He laughs.)</em> I’ve a rendezvous in the
morning. Burying the dead. Safe home!</p>
<p>THE HORSE: <em>(Neighs.)</em> Hohohohohome.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Good night. I’ll just wait and take him along in a few...</p>
<p><em>(Corny Kelleher returns to the outside car and mounts it. The
horse harness jingles.)</em></p>
<p>CORNY KELLEHER: <em>(From the car, standing.)</em> Night.</p>
<p>BLOOM: Night.</p>
<p><em>(The jarvey chucks the reins and raises his whip encouragingly.
The car and horse back slowly, awkwardly, and turn. Corny Kelleher on
the sideseat sways his head to and fro in sign of mirth at Bloom’s
plight. The jarvey joins in the mute pantomimic merriment nodding from
the farther seat. Bloom shakes his head in mute mirthful reply. With
thumb and palm Corny Kelleher reassures that the two bobbies will allow
the sleep to continue for what else is to be done. With a slow nod Bloom
conveys his gratitude as that is exactly what Stephen needs. The car
jingles tooraloom round the corner of the tooraloom lane. Corny Kelleher
again reassuralooms with his hand. Bloom with his hand assuralooms Corny
Kelleher that he is reassuraloomtay. The tinkling hoofs and jingling
harness grow fainter with their tooralooloo looloo lay. Bloom, holding
in his hand Stephen’s hat, festooned with shavings, and ashplant, stands
irresolute. Then he bends to him and shakes him by the
shoulder.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Eh! Ho! <em>(There is no answer; he bends again.)</em> Mr
Dedalus! <em>(There is no answer.)</em> The name if you call.
Somnambulist. <em>(He bends again and, hesitating, brings his mouth near
the face of the prostrate form.)</em> Stephen! <em>(There is no answer.
He calls again.)</em> Stephen!</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Groans.)</em> Who? Black panther. Vampire. <em>(He
sighs and stretches himself, then murmurs thickly with prolonged
vowels.)</em></p>
<p>Who... drive... Fergus now<br />
And pierce... wood’s woven shade?...</p>
<p><em>(He turns on his left side, sighing, doubling himself
together.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: Poetry. Well educated. Pity. <em>(He bends again and undoes
the buttons of Stephen’s waistcoat.)</em> To breathe. <em>(He brushes
the woodshavings from Stephen’s clothes with light hand and
fingers.)</em> One pound seven. Not hurt anyhow. <em>(He listens.)</em>
What?</p>
<p>STEPHEN: <em>(Murmurs.)</em></p>
<p>... shadows... the woods<br />
... white breast... dim sea.</p>
<p><em>(He stretches out his arms, sighs again and curls his body.
Bloom, holding the hat and ashplant, stands erect. A dog barks in the
distance. Bloom tightens and loosens his grip on the ashplant. He looks
down on Stephen’s face and form.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Communes with the night.)</em> Face reminds me of his
poor mother. In the shady wood. The deep white breast. Ferguson, I think
I caught. A girl. Some girl. Best thing could happen him. <em>(He
murmurs.)</em>... swear that I will always hail, ever conceal, never
reveal, any part or parts, art or arts... <em>(He murmurs.)</em>... in
the rough sands of the sea... a cabletow’s length from the shore...
where the tide ebbs... and flows ...</p>
<p><em>(Silent, thoughtful, alert he stands on guard, his fingers at his
lips in the attitude of secret master. Against the dark wall a figure
appears slowly, a fairy boy of eleven, a changeling, kidnapped, dressed
in an Eton suit with glass shoes and a little bronze helmet, holding a
book in his hand. He reads from right to left inaudibly, smiling,
kissing the page.)</em></p>
<p>BLOOM: <em>(Wonderstruck, calls inaudibly.)</em> Rudy!</p>
<p>RUDY: <em>(Gazes, unseeing, into Bloom’s eyes and goes on reading,
kissing, smiling. He has a delicate mauve face. On his suit he has
diamond and ruby buttons. In his free left hand he holds a slim ivory
cane with a violet bowknot. A white lambkin peeps out of his waistcoat
pocket.)</em></p>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-21.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-21.htm.html_pgepubid00082"
class="chapter">
<h2><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-21.htm.html_part03"></span>—
III —</h2>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-22.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-22.htm.html_pgepubid00083"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-22.htm.html_chap16"></span>[ 16
]</h3>
<p>Preparatory to anything else Mr Bloom brushed off the greater bulk of
the shavings and handed Stephen the hat and ashplant and bucked him up
generally in orthodox Samaritan fashion which he very badly needed. His
(Stephen’s) mind was not exactly what you would call wandering but a bit
unsteady and on his expressed desire for some beverage to drink Mr Bloom
in view of the hour it was and there being no pump of Vartry water
available for their ablutions let alone drinking purposes hit upon an
expedient by suggesting, off the reel, the propriety of the cabman’s
shelter, as it was called, hardly a stonesthrow away near Butt bridge
where they might hit upon some drinkables in the shape of a milk and
soda or a mineral. But how to get there was the rub. For the nonce he
was rather nonplussed but inasmuch as the duty plainly devolved upon him
to take some measures on the subject he pondered suitable ways and means
during which Stephen repeatedly yawned. So far as he could see he was
rather pale in the face so that it occurred to him as highly advisable
to get a conveyance of some description which would answer in their then
condition, both of them being e.d.ed, particularly Stephen, always
assuming that there was such a thing to be found. Accordingly after a
few such preliminaries as brushing, in spite of his having forgotten to
take up his rather soapsuddy handkerchief after it had done yeoman
service in the shaving line, they both walked together along Beaver
street or, more properly, lane as far as the farrier’s and the
distinctly fetid atmosphere of the livery stables at the corner of
Montgomery street where they made tracks to the left from thence
debouching into Amiens street round by the corner of Dan Bergin’s. But
as he confidently anticipated there was not a sign of a Jehu plying for
hire anywhere to be seen except a fourwheeler, probably engaged by some
fellows inside on the spree, outside the North Star hotel and there was
no symptom of its budging a quarter of an inch when Mr Bloom, who was
anything but a professional whistler, endeavoured to hail it by emitting
a kind of a whistle, holding his arms arched over his head, twice.</p>
<p>This was a quandary but, bringing common sense to bear on it,
evidently there was nothing for it but put a good face on the matter and
foot it which they accordingly did. So, bevelling around by Mullett’s
and the Signal House which they shortly reached, they proceeded perforce
in the direction of Amiens street railway terminus, Mr Bloom being
handicapped by the circumstance that one of the back buttons of his
trousers had, to vary the timehonoured adage, gone the way of all
buttons though, entering thoroughly into the spirit of the thing, he
heroically made light of the mischance. So as neither of them were
particularly pressed for time, as it happened, and the temperature
refreshing since it cleared up after the recent visitation of Jupiter
Pluvius, they dandered along past by where the empty vehicle was waiting
without a fare or a jarvey. As it so happened a Dublin United Tramways
Company’s sandstrewer happened to be returning and the elder man
recounted to his companion <em>à propos</em> of the incident his own
truly miraculous escape of some little while back. They passed the main
entrance of the Great Northern railway station, the starting point for
Belfast, where of course all traffic was suspended at that late hour and
passing the backdoor of the morgue (a not very enticing locality, not to
say gruesome to a degree, more especially at night) ultimately gained
the Dock Tavern and in due course turned into Store street, famous for
its C division police station. Between this point and the high at
present unlit warehouses of Beresford place Stephen thought to think of
Ibsen, associated with Baird’s the stonecutter’s in his mind somehow in
Talbot place, first turning on the right, while the other who was acting
as his <em>fidus Achates</em> inhaled with internal satisfaction the
smell of James Rourke’s city bakery, situated quite close to where they
were, the very palatable odour indeed of our daily bread, of all
commodities of the public the primary and most indispensable. Bread, the
staff of life, earn your bread, O tell me where is fancy bread, at
Rourke’s the baker’s it is said.</p>
<p><em>En route</em> to his taciturn and, not to put too fine a point on
it, not yet perfectly sober companion Mr Bloom who at all events was in
complete possession of his faculties, never more so, in fact
disgustingly sober, spoke a word of caution <em>re</em> the dangers of
nighttown, women of ill fame and swell mobsmen, which, barely
permissible once in a while though not as a habitual practice, was of
the nature of a regular deathtrap for young fellows of his age
particularly if they had acquired drinking habits under the influence of
liquor unless you knew a little jiujitsu for every contingency as even a
fellow on the broad of his back could administer a nasty kick if you
didn’t look out. Highly providential was the appearance on the scene of
Corny Kelleher when Stephen was blissfully unconscious but for that man
in the gap turning up at the eleventh hour the finis might have been
that he might have been a candidate for the accident ward or, failing
that, the bridewell and an appearance in the court next day before Mr
Tobias or, he being the solicitor rather, old Wall, he meant to say, or
Mahony which simply spelt ruin for a chap when it got bruited about. The
reason he mentioned the fact was that a lot of those policemen, whom he
cordially disliked, were admittedly unscrupulous in the service of the
Crown and, as Mr Bloom put it, recalling a case or two in the A division
in Clanbrassil street, prepared to swear a hole through a ten gallon
pot. Never on the spot when wanted but in quiet parts of the city,
Pembroke road for example, the guardians of the law were well in
evidence, the obvious reason being they were paid to protect the upper
classes. Another thing he commented on was equipping soldiers with
firearms or sidearms of any description liable to go off at any time
which was tantamount to inciting them against civilians should by any
chance they fall out over anything. You frittered away your time, he
very sensibly maintained, and health and also character besides which,
the squandermania of the thing, fast women of the <em>demimonde</em> ran
away with a lot of £. s. d. into the bargain and the greatest danger of
all was who you got drunk with though, touching the much vexed question
of stimulants, he relished a glass of choice old wine in season as both
nourishing and bloodmaking and possessing aperient virtues (notably a
good burgundy which he was a staunch believer in) still never beyond a
certain point where he invariably drew the line as it simply led to
trouble all round to say nothing of your being at the tender mercy of
others practically. Most of all he commented adversely on the desertion
of Stephen by all his pubhunting <em>confrères</em> but one, a most
glaring piece of ratting on the part of his brother medicos under all
the circs.</p>
<p>—And that one was Judas, Stephen said, who up to then had said
nothing whatsoever of any kind.</p>
<p>Discussing these and kindred topics they made a beeline across the
back of the Customhouse and passed under the Loop Line bridge where a
brazier of coke burning in front of a sentrybox or something like one
attracted their rather lagging footsteps. Stephen of his own accord
stopped for no special reason to look at the heap of barren cobblestones
and by the light emanating from the brazier he could just make out the
darker figure of the corporation watchman inside the gloom of the
sentrybox. He began to remember that this had happened or had been
mentioned as having happened before but it cost him no small effort
before he remembered that he recognised in the sentry a <em>quondam</em>
friend of his father’s, Gumley. To avoid a meeting he drew nearer to the
pillars of the railway bridge.</p>
<p>—Someone saluted you, Mr Bloom said.</p>
<p>A figure of middle height on the prowl evidently under the arches
saluted again, calling:</p>
<p>—Night!</p>
<p>Stephen of course started rather dizzily and stopped to return the
compliment. Mr Bloom actuated by motives of inherent delicacy inasmuch
as he always believed in minding his own business moved off but
nevertheless remained on the <em>qui vive</em> with just a shade of
anxiety though not funkyish in the least. Though unusual in the Dublin
area he knew that it was not by any means unknown for desperadoes who
had next to nothing to live on to be abroad waylaying and generally
terrorising peaceable pedestrians by placing a pistol at their head in
some secluded spot outside the city proper, famished loiterers of the
Thames embankment category they might be hanging about there or simply
marauders ready to decamp with whatever boodle they could in one fell
swoop at a moment’s notice, your money or your life, leaving you there
to point a moral, gagged and garrotted.</p>
<p>Stephen, that is when the accosting figure came to close quarters,
though he was not in an over sober state himself recognised Corley’s
breath redolent of rotten cornjuice. Lord John Corley some called him
and his genealogy came about in this wise. He was the eldest son of
inspector Corley of the G division, lately deceased, who had married a
certain Katherine Brophy, the daughter of a Louth farmer. His
grandfather Patrick Michael Corley of New Ross had married the widow of
a publican there whose maiden name had been Katherine (also) Talbot.
Rumour had it (though not proved) that she descended from the house of
the lords Talbot de Malahide in whose mansion, really an unquestionably
fine residence of its kind and well worth seeing, her mother or aunt or
some relative, a woman, as the tale went, of extreme beauty, had enjoyed
the distinction of being in service in the washkitchen. This therefore
was the reason why the still comparatively young though dissolute man
who now addressed Stephen was spoken of by some with facetious
proclivities as Lord John Corley.</p>
<p>Taking Stephen on one side he had the customary doleful ditty to
tell. Not as much as a farthing to purchase a night’s lodgings. His
friends had all deserted him. Furthermore he had a row with Lenehan and
called him to Stephen a mean bloody swab with a sprinkling of a number
of other uncalledfor expressions. He was out of a job and implored of
Stephen to tell him where on God’s earth he could get something,
anything at all, to do. No, it was the daughter of the mother in the
washkitchen that was fostersister to the heir of the house or else they
were connected through the mother in some way, both occurrences
happening at the same time if the whole thing wasn’t a complete
fabrication from start to finish. Anyhow he was all in.</p>
<p>—I wouldn’t ask you only, pursued he, on my solemn oath and God knows
I’m on the rocks.</p>
<p>—There’ll be a job tomorrow or next day, Stephen told him, in a boys’
school at Dalkey for a gentleman usher. Mr Garrett Deasy. Try it. You
may mention my name.</p>
<p>—Ah, God, Corley replied, sure I couldn’t teach in a school, man. I
was never one of your bright ones, he added with a half laugh. I got
stuck twice in the junior at the christian brothers.</p>
<p>—I have no place to sleep myself, Stephen informed him.</p>
<p>Corley at the first go-off was inclined to suspect it was something
to do with Stephen being fired out of his digs for bringing in a bloody
tart off the street. There was a dosshouse in Marlborough street, Mrs
Maloney’s, but it was only a tanner touch and full of undesirables but
M’Conachie told him you got a decent enough do in the Brazen Head over
in Winetavern street (which was distantly suggestive to the person
addressed of friar Bacon) for a bob. He was starving too though he
hadn’t said a word about it.</p>
<p>Though this sort of thing went on every other night or very near it
still Stephen’s feelings got the better of him in a sense though he knew
that Corley’s brandnew rigmarole on a par with the others was hardly
deserving of much credence. However <em>haud ignarus malorum miseris
succurrere disco etcetera</em> as the Latin poet remarks especially as
luck would have it he got paid his screw after every middle of the month
on the sixteenth which was the date of the month as a matter of fact
though a good bit of the wherewithal was demolished. But the cream of
the joke was nothing would get it out of Corley’s head that he was
living in affluence and hadn’t a thing to do but hand out the needful.
Whereas. He put his hand in a pocket anyhow not with the idea of finding
any food there but thinking he might lend him anything up to a bob or so
in lieu so that he might endeavour at all events and get sufficient to
eat but the result was in the negative for, to his chagrin, he found his
cash missing. A few broken biscuits were all the result of his
investigation. He tried his hardest to recollect for the moment whether
he had lost as well he might have or left because in that contingency it
was not a pleasant lookout, very much the reverse in fact. He was
altogether too fagged out to institute a thorough search though he tried
to recollect. About biscuits he dimly remembered. Who now exactly gave
them he wondered or where was or did he buy. However in another pocket
he came across what he surmised in the dark were pennies, erroneously
however, as it turned out.</p>
<p>—Those are halfcrowns, man, Corley corrected him.</p>
<p>And so in point of fact they turned out to be. Stephen anyhow lent
him one of them.</p>
<p>—Thanks, Corley answered, you’re a gentleman. I’ll pay you back one
time. Who’s that with you? I saw him a few times in the Bleeding Horse
in Camden street with Boylan, the billsticker. You might put in a good
word for us to get me taken on there. I’d carry a sandwichboard only the
girl in the office told me they’re full up for the next three weeks,
man. God, you’ve to book ahead, man, you’d think it was for the Carl
Rosa. I don’t give a shite anyway so long as I get a job, even as a
crossing sweeper.</p>
<p>Subsequently being not quite so down in the mouth after the two and
six he got he informed Stephen about a fellow by the name of Bags
Comisky that he said Stephen knew well out of Fullam’s, the
shipchandler’s, bookkeeper there that used to be often round in Nagle’s
back with O’Mara and a little chap with a stutter the name of Tighe.
Anyhow he was lagged the night before last and fined ten bob for a drunk
and disorderly and refusing to go with the constable.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom in the meanwhile kept dodging about in the vicinity of the
cobblestones near the brazier of coke in front of the corporation
watchman’s sentrybox who evidently a glutton for work, it struck him,
was having a quiet forty winks for all intents and purposes on his own
private account while Dublin slept. He threw an odd eye at the same time
now and then at Stephen’s anything but immaculately attired interlocutor
as if he had seen that nobleman somewhere or other though where he was
not in a position to truthfully state nor had he the remotest idea when.
Being a levelheaded individual who could give points to not a few in
point of shrewd observation he also remarked on his very dilapidated hat
and slouchy wearing apparel generally testifying to a chronic
impecuniosity. Palpably he was one of his hangerson but for the matter
of that it was merely a question of one preying on his nextdoor
neighbour all round, in every deep, so to put it, a deeper depth and for
the matter of that if the man in the street chanced to be in the dock
himself penal servitude with or without the option of a fine would be a
very <em>rara avis</em> altogether. In any case he had a consummate
amount of cool assurance intercepting people at that hour of the night
or morning. Pretty thick that was certainly.</p>
<p>The pair parted company and Stephen rejoined Mr Bloom who, with his
practised eye, was not without perceiving that he had succumbed to the
blandiloquence of the other parasite. Alluding to the encounter he said,
laughingly, Stephen, that is:</p>
<p>—He is down on his luck. He asked me to ask you to ask somebody named
Boylan, a billsticker, to give him a job as a sandwichman.</p>
<p>At this intelligence, in which he seemingly evinced little interest,
Mr Bloom gazed abstractedly for the space of a half a second or so in
the direction of a bucketdredger, rejoicing in the farfamed name of
Eblana, moored alongside Customhouse quay and quite possibly out of
repair, whereupon he observed evasively:</p>
<p>—Everybody gets their own ration of luck, they say. Now you mention
it his face was familiar to me. But, leaving that for the moment, how
much did you part with, he queried, if I am not too inquisitive?</p>
<p>—Half a crown, Stephen responded. I daresay he needs it to sleep
somewhere.</p>
<p>—Needs! Mr Bloom ejaculated, professing not the least surprise at the
intelligence, I can quite credit the assertion and I guarantee he
invariably does. Everyone according to his needs or everyone according
to his deeds. But, talking about things in general, where, added he with
a smile, will you sleep yourself? Walking to Sandycove is out of the
question. And even supposing you did you won’t get in after what
occurred at Westland Row station. Simply fag out there for nothing. I
don’t mean to presume to dictate to you in the slightest degree but why
did you leave your father’s house?</p>
<p>—To seek misfortune, was Stephen’s answer.</p>
<p>—I met your respected father on a recent occasion, Mr Bloom
diplomatically returned, today in fact, or to be strictly accurate, on
yesterday. Where does he live at present? I gathered in the course of
conversation that he had moved.</p>
<p>—I believe he is in Dublin somewhere, Stephen answered unconcernedly.
Why?</p>
<p>—A gifted man, Mr Bloom said of Mr Dedalus senior, in more respects
than one and a born <em>raconteur</em> if ever there was one. He takes
great pride, quite legitimate, out of you. You could go back perhaps, he
hasarded, still thinking of the very unpleasant scene at Westland Row
terminus when it was perfectly evident that the other two, Mulligan,
that is, and that English tourist friend of his, who eventually euchred
their third companion, were patently trying as if the whole bally
station belonged to them to give Stephen the slip in the confusion,
which they did.</p>
<p>There was no response forthcoming to the suggestion however, such as
it was, Stephen’s mind’s eye being too busily engaged in repicturing his
family hearth the last time he saw it with his sister Dilly sitting by
the ingle, her hair hanging down, waiting for some weak Trinidad shell
cocoa that was in the sootcoated kettle to be done so that she and he
could drink it with the oatmealwater for milk after the Friday herrings
they had eaten at two a penny with an egg apiece for Maggy, Boody and
Katey, the cat meanwhile under the mangle devouring a mess of eggshells
and charred fish heads and bones on a square of brown paper, in
accordance with the third precept of the church to fast and abstain on
the days commanded, it being quarter tense or if not, ember days or
something like that.</p>
<p>—No, Mr Bloom repeated again, I wouldn’t personally repose much trust
in that boon companion of yours who contributes the humorous element, Dr
Mulligan, as a guide, philosopher and friend if I were in your shoes. He
knows which side his bread is buttered on though in all probability he
never realised what it is to be without regular meals. Of course you
didn’t notice as much as I did. But it wouldn’t occasion me the least
surprise to learn that a pinch of tobacco or some narcotic was put in
your drink for some ulterior object.</p>
<p>He understood however from all he heard that Dr Mulligan was a
versatile allround man, by no means confined to medicine only, who was
rapidly coming to the fore in his line and, if the report was verified,
bade fair to enjoy a flourishing practice in the not too distant future
as a tony medical practitioner drawing a handsome fee for his services
in addition to which professional status his rescue of that man from
certain drowning by artificial respiration and what they call first aid
at Skerries, or Malahide was it?, was, he was bound to admit, an
exceedingly plucky deed which he could not too highly praise, so that
frankly he was utterly at a loss to fathom what earthly reason could be
at the back of it except he put it down to sheer cussedness or jealousy,
pure and simple.</p>
<p>—Except it simply amounts to one thing and he is what they call
picking your brains, he ventured to throw out.</p>
<p>The guarded glance of half solicitude half curiosity augmented by
friendliness which he gave at Stephen’s at present morose expression of
features did not throw a flood of light, none at all in fact on the
problem as to whether he had let himself be badly bamboozled to judge by
two or three lowspirited remarks he let drop or the other way about saw
through the affair and for some reason or other best known to himself
allowed matters to more or less. Grinding poverty did have that effect
and he more than conjectured that, high educational abilities though he
possessed, he experienced no little difficulty in making both ends
meet.</p>
<p>Adjacent to the men’s public urinal they perceived an icecream car
round which a group of presumably Italians in heated altercation were
getting rid of voluble expressions in their vivacious language in a
particularly animated way, there being some little differences between
the parties.</p>
<p>—<em>Puttana madonna, che ci dia i quattrini! Ho ragione? Culo
rotto!</em></p>
<p><em>—Intendiamoci. Mezzo sovrano più...</em></p>
<p><em>—Dice lui, però!</em></p>
<p><em>—Mezzo.</em></p>
<p><em>—Farabutto! Mortacci sui!</em></p>
<p><em>—Ma ascolta! Cinque la testa più...</em></p>
<p>Mr Bloom and Stephen entered the cabman’s shelter, an unpretentious
wooden structure, where, prior to then, he had rarely if ever been
before, the former having previously whispered to the latter a few hints
anent the keeper of it said to be the once famous Skin-the-Goat
Fitzharris, the invincible, though he could not vouch for the actual
facts which quite possibly there was not one vestige of truth in. A few
moments later saw our two noctambules safely seated in a discreet corner
only to be greeted by stares from the decidedly miscellaneous collection
of waifs and strays and other nondescript specimens of the genus
<em>homo</em> already there engaged in eating and drinking diversified
by conversation for whom they seemingly formed an object of marked
curiosity.</p>
<p>—Now touching a cup of coffee, Mr Bloom ventured to plausibly suggest
to break the ice, it occurs to me you ought to sample something in the
shape of solid food, say, a roll of some description.</p>
<p>Accordingly his first act was with characteristic <em>sangfroid</em>
to order these commodities quietly. The <em>hoi polloi</em> of jarvies
or stevedores or whatever they were after a cursory examination turned
their eyes apparently dissatisfied, away though one redbearded bibulous
individual, portion of whose hair was greyish, a sailor probably, still
stared for some appreciable time before transferring his rapt attention
to the floor. Mr Bloom, availing himself of the right of free speech, he
having just a bowing acquaintance with the language in dispute, though,
to be sure, rather in a quandary over <em>voglio</em>, remarked to his
<em>protégé</em> in an audible tone of voice <em>à propos</em> of the
battle royal in the street which was still raging fast and furious:</p>
<p>—A beautiful language. I mean for singing purposes. Why do you not
write your poetry in that language? <em>Bella Poetria</em>! It is so
melodious and full. <em>Belladonna. Voglio.</em></p>
<p>Stephen, who was trying his dead best to yawn if he could, suffering
from lassitude generally, replied:</p>
<p>—To fill the ear of a cow elephant. They were haggling over
money.</p>
<p>—Is that so? Mr Bloom asked. Of course, he subjoined pensively, at
the inward reflection of there being more languages to start with than
were absolutely necessary, it may be only the southern glamour that
surrounds it.</p>
<p>The keeper of the shelter in the middle of this <em>tête-à-tête</em>
put a boiling swimming cup of a choice concoction labelled coffee on the
table and a rather antediluvian specimen of a bun, or so it seemed.
After which he beat a retreat to his counter, Mr Bloom determining to
have a good square look at him later on so as not to appear to. For
which reason he encouraged Stephen to proceed with his eyes while he did
the honours by surreptitiously pushing the cup of what was temporarily
supposed to be called coffee gradually nearer him.</p>
<p>—Sounds are impostures, Stephen said after a pause of some little
time, like names. Cicero, Podmore, Napoleon, Mr Goodbody. Jesus, Mr
Doyle. Shakespeares were as common as Murphies. What’s in a name?</p>
<p>—Yes, to be sure, Mr Bloom unaffectedly concurred. Of course. Our
name was changed too, he added, pushing the socalled roll across.</p>
<p>The redbearded sailor who had his weather eye on the newcomers
boarded Stephen, whom he had singled out for attention in particular,
squarely by asking:</p>
<p>—And what might your name be?</p>
<p>Just in the nick of time Mr Bloom touched his companion’s boot but
Stephen, apparently disregarding the warm pressure from an unexpected
quarter, answered:</p>
<p>—Dedalus.</p>
<p>The sailor stared at him heavily from a pair of drowsy baggy eyes,
rather bunged up from excessive use of boose, preferably good old
Hollands and water.</p>
<p>—You know Simon Dedalus? he asked at length.</p>
<p>—I’ve heard of him, Stephen said.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom was all at sea for a moment, seeing the others evidently
eavesdropping too.</p>
<p>—He’s Irish, the seaman bold affirmed, staring still in much the same
way and nodding. All Irish.</p>
<p>—All too Irish, Stephen rejoined.</p>
<p>As for Mr Bloom he could neither make head or tail of the whole
business and he was just asking himself what possible connection when
the sailor of his own accord turned to the other occupants of the
shelter with the remark:</p>
<p>—I seen him shoot two eggs off two bottles at fifty yards over his
shoulder. The lefthand dead shot.</p>
<p>Though he was slightly hampered by an occasional stammer and his
gestures being also clumsy as it was still he did his best to
explain.</p>
<p>—Bottles out there, say. Fifty yards measured. Eggs on the bottles.
Cocks his gun over his shoulder. Aims.</p>
<p>He turned his body half round, shut up his right eye completely. Then
he screwed his features up someway sideways and glared out into the
night with an unprepossessing cast of countenance.</p>
<p>—Pom! he then shouted once.</p>
<p>The entire audience waited, anticipating an additional detonation,
there being still a further egg.</p>
<p>—Pom! he shouted twice.</p>
<p>Egg two evidently demolished, he nodded and winked, adding
bloodthirstily:</p>
<p><em>—Buffalo Bill shoots to kill,<br />
Never missed nor he never will.</em></p>
<p>A silence ensued till Mr Bloom for agreeableness’ sake just felt like
asking him whether it was for a marksmanship competition like the
Bisley.</p>
<p>—Beg pardon, the sailor said.</p>
<p>—Long ago? Mr Bloom pursued without flinching a hairsbreadth.</p>
<p>—Why, the sailor replied, relaxing to a certain extent under the
magic influence of diamond cut diamond, it might be a matter of ten
years. He toured the wide world with Hengler’s Royal Circus. I seen him
do that in Stockholm.</p>
<p>—Curious coincidence, Mr Bloom confided to Stephen unobtrusively.</p>
<p>—Murphy’s my name, the sailor continued. D. B. Murphy of Carrigaloe.
Know where that is?</p>
<p>—Queenstown harbour, Stephen replied.</p>
<p>—That’s right, the sailor said. Fort Camden and Fort Carlisle. That’s
where I hails from. I belongs there. That’s where I hails from. My
little woman’s down there. She’s waiting for me, I know. <em>For
England, home and beauty</em>. She’s my own true wife I haven’t seen for
seven years now, sailing about.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom could easily picture his advent on this scene, the
homecoming to the mariner’s roadside shieling after having diddled Davy
Jones, a rainy night with a blind moon. Across the world for a wife.
Quite a number of stories there were on that particular Alice Ben Bolt
topic, Enoch Arden and Rip van Winkle and does anybody hereabouts
remember Caoc O’Leary, a favourite and most trying declamation piece by
the way of poor John Casey and a bit of perfect poetry in its own small
way. Never about the runaway wife coming back, however much devoted to
the absentee. The face at the window! Judge of his astonishment when he
finally did breast the tape and the awful truth dawned upon him anent
his better half, wrecked in his affections. You little expected me but
I’ve come to stay and make a fresh start. There she sits, a grasswidow,
at the selfsame fireside. Believes me dead, rocked in the cradle of the
deep. And there sits uncle Chubb or Tomkin, as the case might be, the
publican of the Crown and Anchor, in shirtsleeves, eating rumpsteak and
onions. No chair for father. Broo! The wind! Her brandnew arrival is on
her knee, <em>post mortem</em> child. With a high ro! and a randy ro!
and my galloping tearing tandy, O! Bow to the inevitable. Grin and bear
it. I remain with much love your brokenhearted husband W. B. Murphy.</p>
<p>The sailor, who scarcely seemed to be a Dublin resident, turned to
one of the jarvies with the request:</p>
<p>—You don’t happen to have such a thing as a spare chaw about you?</p>
<p>The jarvey addressed as it happened had not but the keeper took a die
of plug from his good jacket hanging on a nail and the desired object
was passed from hand to hand.</p>
<p>—Thank you, the sailor said.</p>
<p>He deposited the quid in his gob and, chewing and with some slow
stammers, proceeded:</p>
<p>—We come up this morning eleven o’clock. The threemaster
<em>Rosevean</em> from Bridgwater with bricks. I shipped to get over.
Paid off this afternoon. There’s my discharge. See? D. B. Murphy. A. B.
S.</p>
<p>In confirmation of which statement he extricated from an inside
pocket and handed to his neighbour a not very cleanlooking folded
document.</p>
<p>—You must have seen a fair share of the world, the keeper remarked,
leaning on the counter.</p>
<p>—Why, the sailor answered upon reflection upon it, I’ve
circumnavigated a bit since I first joined on. I was in the Red Sea. I
was in China and North America and South America. We was chased by
pirates one voyage. I seen icebergs plenty, growlers. I was in Stockholm
and the Black Sea, the Dardanelles under Captain Dalton, the best bloody
man that ever scuttled a ship. I seen Russia. <em>Gospodi pomilyou</em>.
That’s how the Russians prays.</p>
<p>—You seen queer sights, don’t be talking, put in a jarvey.</p>
<p>—Why, the sailor said, shifting his partially chewed plug. I seen
queer things too, ups and downs. I seen a crocodile bite the fluke of an
anchor same as I chew that quid.</p>
<p>He took out of his mouth the pulpy quid and, lodging it between his
teeth, bit ferociously:</p>
<p>—Khaan! Like that. And I seen maneaters in Peru that eats corpses and
the livers of horses. Look here. Here they are. A friend of mine sent
me.</p>
<p>He fumbled out a picture postcard from his inside pocket which seemed
to be in its way a species of repository and pushed it along the table.
The printed matter on it stated: <em>Choza de Indios. Beni,
Bolivia.</em></p>
<p>All focussed their attention at the scene exhibited, a group of
savage women in striped loincloths, squatted, blinking, suckling,
frowning, sleeping amid a swarm of infants (there must have been quite a
score of them) outside some primitive shanties of osier.</p>
<p>—Chews coca all day, the communicative tarpaulin added. Stomachs like
breadgraters. Cuts off their diddies when they can’t bear no more
children.</p>
<p>See them sitting there stark ballocknaked eating a dead horse’s liver
raw.</p>
<p>His postcard proved a centre of attraction for Messrs the greenhorns
for several minutes if not more.</p>
<p>—Know how to keep them off? he inquired generally.</p>
<p>Nobody volunteering a statement he winked, saying:</p>
<p>—Glass. That boggles ’em. Glass.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom, without evincing surprise, unostentatiously turned over the
card to peruse the partially obliterated address and postmark. It ran as
follows: <em>Tarjeta Postal, Señor A Boudin, Galeria Becche, Santiago,
Chile.</em> There was no message evidently, as he took particular
notice. Though not an implicit believer in the lurid story narrated (or
the eggsniping transaction for that matter despite William Tell and the
Lazarillo-Don Cesar de Bazan incident depicted in <em>Maritana</em> on
which occasion the former’s ball passed through the latter’s hat) having
detected a discrepancy between his name (assuming he was the person he
represented himself to be and not sailing under false colours after
having boxed the compass on the strict q.t. somewhere) and the
fictitious addressee of the missive which made him nourish some
suspicions of our friend’s <em>bona fides</em> nevertheless it reminded
him in a way of a longcherished plan he meant to one day realise some
Wednesday or Saturday of travelling to London <em>via</em> long sea not
to say that he had ever travelled extensively to any great extent but he
was at heart a born adventurer though by a trick of fate he had
consistently remained a landlubber except you call going to Holyhead
which was his longest. Martin Cunningham frequently said he would work a
pass through Egan but some deuced hitch or other eternally cropped up
with the net result that the scheme fell through. But even suppose it
did come to planking down the needful and breaking Boyd’s heart it was
not so dear, purse permitting, a few guineas at the outside considering
the fare to Mullingar where he figured on going was five and six, there
and back. The trip would benefit health on account of the bracing ozone
and be in every way thoroughly pleasurable, especially for a chap whose
liver was out of order, seeing the different places along the route,
Plymouth, Falmouth, Southampton and so on culminating in an instructive
tour of the sights of the great metropolis, the spectacle of our modern
Babylon where doubtless he would see the greatest improvement, tower,
abbey, wealth of Park lane to renew acquaintance with. Another thing
just struck him as a by no means bad notion was he might have a gaze
around on the spot to see about trying to make arrangements about a
concert tour of summer music embracing the most prominent pleasure
resorts, Margate with mixed bathing and firstrate hydros and spas,
Eastbourne, Scarborough, Margate and so on, beautiful Bournemouth, the
Channel islands and similar bijou spots, which might prove highly
remunerative. Not, of course, with a hole and corner scratch company or
local ladies on the job, witness Mrs C P M’Coy type lend me your valise
and I’ll post you the ticket. No, something top notch, an all star Irish
caste, the Tweedy-Flower grand opera company with his own legal consort
as leading lady as a sort of counterblast to the Elster Grimes and
Moody-Manners, perfectly simple matter and he was quite sanguine of
success, providing puffs in the local papers could be managed by some
fellow with a bit of bounce who could pull the indispensable wires and
thus combine business with pleasure. But who? That was the rub.</p>
<p>Also, without being actually positive, it struck him a great field
was to be opened up in the line of opening up new routes to keep pace
with the times <em>apropos</em> of the Fishguard-Rosslare route which,
it was mooted, was once more on the <em>tapis</em> in the circumlocution
departments with the usual quantity of red tape and dillydallying of
effete fogeydom and dunderheads generally. A great opportunity there
certainly was for push and enterprise to meet the travelling needs of
the public at large, the average man, i.e. Brown, Robinson and Co.</p>
<p>It was a subject of regret and absurd as well on the face of it and
no small blame to our vaunted society that the man in the street, when
the system really needed toning up, for the matter of a couple of paltry
pounds was debarred from seeing more of the world they lived in instead
of being always and ever cooped up since my old stick-in-the-mud took me
for a wife. After all, hang it, they had their eleven and more humdrum
months of it and merited a radical change of <em>venue</em> after the
grind of city life in the summertime for choice when dame Nature is at
her spectacular best constituting nothing short of a new lease of life.
There were equally excellent opportunities for vacationists in the home
island, delightful sylvan spots for rejuvenation, offering a plethora of
attractions as well as a bracing tonic for the system in and around
Dublin and its picturesque environs even, Poulaphouca to which there was
a steamtram, but also farther away from the madding crowd in Wicklow,
rightly termed the garden of Ireland, an ideal neighbourhood for elderly
wheelmen so long as it didn’t come down, and in the wilds of Donegal
where if report spoke true the <em>coup d’œil</em> was exceedingly grand
though the lastnamed locality was not easily getatable so that the
influx of visitors was not as yet all that it might be considering the
signal benefits to be derived from it while Howth with its historic
associations and otherwise, Silken Thomas, Grace O’Malley, George IV,
rhododendrons several hundred feet above sealevel was a favourite haunt
with all sorts and conditions of men especially in the spring when young
men’s fancy, though it had its own toll of deaths by falling off the
cliffs by design or accidentally, usually, by the way, on their left
leg, it being only about three quarters of an hour’s run from the
pillar. Because of course uptodate tourist travelling was as yet merely
in its infancy, so to speak, and the accommodation left much to be
desired. Interesting to fathom it seemed to him from a motive of
curiosity, pure and simple, was whether it was the traffic that created
the route or viceversa or the two sides in fact. He turned back the
other side of the card, picture, and passed it along to Stephen.</p>
<p>—I seen a Chinese one time, related the doughty narrator, that had
little pills like putty and he put them in the water and they opened and
every pill was something different. One was a ship, another was a house,
another was a flower. Cooks rats in your soup, he appetisingly added,
the chinks does.</p>
<p>Possibly perceiving an expression of dubiosity on their faces the
globetrotter went on, adhering to his adventures.</p>
<p>—And I seen a man killed in Trieste by an Italian chap. Knife in his
back. Knife like that.</p>
<p>Whilst speaking he produced a dangerouslooking claspknife quite in
keeping with his character and held it in the striking position.</p>
<p>—In a knockingshop it was count of a tryon between two smugglers.
Fellow hid behind a door, come up behind him. Like that. <em>Prepare to
meet your God</em>, says he. Chuk! It went into his back up to the
butt.</p>
<p>His heavy glance drowsily roaming about kind of defied their further
questions even should they by any chance want to.</p>
<p>—That’s a good bit of steel, repeated he, examining his formidable
<em>stiletto</em>.</p>
<p>After which harrowing <em>dénouement</em> sufficient to appal the
stoutest he snapped the blade to and stowed the weapon in question away
as before in his chamber of horrors, otherwise pocket.</p>
<p>—They’re great for the cold steel, somebody who was evidently quite
in the dark said for the benefit of them all. That was why they thought
the park murders of the invincibles was done by foreigners on account of
them using knives.</p>
<p>At this remark passed obviously in the spirit of <em>where ignorance
is bliss</em> Mr B. and Stephen, each in his own particular way, both
instinctively exchanged meaning glances, in a religious silence of the
strictly <em>entre nous</em> variety however, towards where
Skin-the-Goat, <em>alias</em> the keeper, not turning a hair, was
drawing spurts of liquid from his boiler affair. His inscrutable face
which was really a work of art, a perfect study in itself, beggaring
description, conveyed the impression that he didn’t understand one jot
of what was going on. Funny, very!</p>
<p>There ensued a somewhat lengthy pause. One man was reading in fits
and starts a stained by coffee evening journal, another the card with
the natives <em>choza de</em>, another the seaman’s discharge. Mr Bloom,
so far as he was personally concerned, was just pondering in pensive
mood. He vividly recollected when the occurrence alluded to took place
as well as yesterday, roughly some score of years previously in the days
of the land troubles, when it took the civilised world by storm,
figuratively speaking, early in the eighties, eightyone to be correct,
when he was just turned fifteen.</p>
<p>—Ay, boss, the sailor broke in. Give us back them papers.</p>
<p>The request being complied with he clawed them up with a scrape.</p>
<p>—Have you seen the rock of Gibraltar? Mr Bloom inquired.</p>
<p>The sailor grimaced, chewing, in a way that might be read as yes, ay
or no.</p>
<p>—Ah, you’ve touched there too, Mr Bloom said, Europa point, thinking
he had, in the hope that the rover might possibly by some reminiscences
but he failed to do so, simply letting spirt a jet of spew into the
sawdust, and shook his head with a sort of lazy scorn.</p>
<p>—What year would that be about? Mr B interrogated. Can you recall the
boats?</p>
<p>Our <em>soi-disant</em> sailor munched heavily awhile hungrily before
answering:</p>
<p>—I’m tired of all them rocks in the sea, he said, and boats and
ships. Salt junk all the time.</p>
<p>Tired seemingly, he ceased. His questioner perceiving that he was not
likely to get a great deal of change out of such a wily old customer,
fell to woolgathering on the enormous dimensions of the water about the
globe, suffice it to say that, as a casual glance at the map revealed,
it covered fully three fourths of it and he fully realised accordingly
what it meant to rule the waves. On more than one occasion, a dozen at
the lowest, near the North Bull at Dollymount he had remarked a
superannuated old salt, evidently derelict, seated habitually near the
not particularly redolent sea on the wall, staring quite obliviously at
it and it at him, dreaming of fresh woods and pastures new as someone
somewhere sings. And it left him wondering why. Possibly he had tried to
find out the secret for himself, floundering up and down the antipodes
and all that sort of thing and over and under, well, not exactly under,
tempting the fates. And the odds were twenty to nil there was really no
secret about it at all. Nevertheless, without going into the
<em>minutiae</em> of the business, the eloquent fact remained that the
sea was there in all its glory and in the natural course of things
somebody or other had to sail on it and fly in the face of providence
though it merely went to show how people usually contrived to load that
sort of onus on to the other fellow like the hell idea and the lottery
and insurance which were run on identically the same lines so that for
that very reason if no other lifeboat Sunday was a highly laudable
institution to which the public at large, no matter where living inland
or seaside, as the case might be, having it brought home to them like
that should extend its gratitude also to the harbourmasters and
coastguard service who had to man the rigging and push off and out amid
the elements whatever the season when duty called <em>Ireland expects
that every man</em> and so on and sometimes had a terrible time of it in
the wintertime not forgetting the Irish lights, Kish and others, liable
to capsize at any moment, rounding which he once with his daughter had
experienced some remarkably choppy, not to say stormy, weather.</p>
<p>—There was a fellow sailed with me in the <em>Rover</em>, the old
seadog, himself a rover, proceeded, went ashore and took up a soft job
as gentleman’s valet at six quid a month. Them are his trousers I’ve on
me and he gave me an oilskin and that jackknife. I’m game for that job,
shaving and brushup. I hate roaming about. There’s my son now, Danny,
run off to sea and his mother got him took in a draper’s in Cork where
he could be drawing easy money.</p>
<p>—What age is he? queried one hearer who, by the way, seen from the
side, bore a distant resemblance to Henry Campbell, the townclerk, away
from the carking cares of office, unwashed of course and in a seedy
getup and a strong suspicion of nosepaint about the nasal appendage.</p>
<p>—Why, the sailor answered with a slow puzzled utterance, my son,
Danny? He’d be about eighteen now, way I figure it.</p>
<p>The Skibbereen father hereupon tore open his grey or unclean anyhow
shirt with his two hands and scratched away at his chest on which was to
be seen an image tattooed in blue Chinese ink intended to represent an
anchor.</p>
<p>—There was lice in that bunk in Bridgwater, he remarked, sure as
nuts. I must get a wash tomorrow or next day. It’s them black lads I
objects to. I hate those buggers. Suck your blood dry, they does.</p>
<p>Seeing they were all looking at his chest he accommodatingly dragged
his shirt more open so that on top of the timehonoured symbol of the
mariner’s hope and rest they had a full view of the figure 16 and a
young man’s sideface looking frowningly rather.</p>
<p>—Tattoo, the exhibitor explained. That was done when we were lying
becalmed off Odessa in the Black Sea under Captain Dalton. Fellow, the
name of Antonio, done that. There he is himself, a Greek.</p>
<p>—Did it hurt much doing it? one asked the sailor.</p>
<p>That worthy, however, was busily engaged in collecting round the.
Someway in his. Squeezing or.</p>
<p>—See here, he said, showing Antonio. There he is cursing the mate.
And there he is now, he added, the same fellow, pulling the skin with
his fingers, some special knack evidently, and he laughing at a
yarn.</p>
<p>And in point of fact the young man named Antonio’s livid face did
actually look like forced smiling and the curious effect excited the
unreserved admiration of everybody including Skin-the-Goat, who this
time stretched over.</p>
<p>—Ay, ay, sighed the sailor, looking down on his manly chest. He’s
gone too. Ate by sharks after. Ay, ay.</p>
<p>He let go of the skin so that the profile resumed the normal
expression of before.</p>
<p>—Neat bit of work, one longshoreman said.</p>
<p>—And what’s the number for? loafer number two queried.</p>
<p>—Eaten alive? a third asked the sailor.</p>
<p>—Ay, ay, sighed again the latter personage, more cheerily this time
with some sort of a half smile for a brief duration only in the
direction of the questioner about the number. Ate. A Greek he was.</p>
<p>And then he added with rather gallowsbird humour considering his
alleged end:</p>
<p>—As bad as old Antonio,<br />
For he left me on my ownio.</p>
<p>The face of a streetwalker glazed and haggard under a black straw hat
peered askew round the door of the shelter palpably reconnoitring on her
own with the object of bringing more grist to her mill. Mr Bloom,
scarcely knowing which way to look, turned away on the moment
flusterfied but outwardly calm, and, picking up from the table the pink
sheet of the Abbey street organ which the jarvey, if such he was, had
laid aside, he picked it up and looked at the pink of the paper though
why pink. His reason for so doing was he recognised on the moment round
the door the same face he had caught a fleeting glimpse of that
afternoon on Ormond quay, the partially idiotic female, namely, of the
lane who knew the lady in the brown costume does be with you (Mrs B.)
and begged the chance of his washing. Also why washing which seemed
rather vague than not, your washing. Still candour compelled him to
admit he had washed his wife’s undergarments when soiled in Holles
street and women would and did too a man’s similar garments initialled
with Bewley and Draper’s marking ink (hers were, that is) if they really
loved him, that is to say, love me, love my dirty shirt. Still just
then, being on tenterhooks, he desired the female’s room more than her
company so it came as a genuine relief when the keeper made her a rude
sign to take herself off. Round the side of the <em>Evening
Telegraph</em> he just caught a fleeting glimpse of her face round the
side of the door with a kind of demented glassy grin showing that she
was not exactly all there, viewing with evident amusement the group of
gazers round skipper Murphy’s nautical chest and then there was no more
of her.</p>
<p>—The gunboat, the keeper said.</p>
<p>—It beats me, Mr Bloom confided to Stephen, medically I am speaking,
how a wretched creature like that from the Lock hospital reeking with
disease can be barefaced enough to solicit or how any man in his sober
senses, if he values his health in the least. Unfortunate creature! Of
course I suppose some man is ultimately responsible for her condition.
Still no matter what the cause is from...</p>
<p>Stephen had not noticed her and shrugged his shoulders, merely
remarking:</p>
<p>—In this country people sell much more than she ever had and do a
roaring trade. Fear not them that sell the body but have not power to
buy the soul. She is a bad merchant. She buys dear and sells cheap.</p>
<p>The elder man, though not by any manner of means an old maid or a
prude, said it was nothing short of a crying scandal that ought to be
put a stop to <em>instanter</em> to say that women of that stamp (quite
apart from any oldmaidish squeamishness on the subject), a necessary
evil, were not licensed and medically inspected by the proper
authorities, a thing, he could truthfully state, he, as a
<em>paterfamilias</em>, was a stalwart advocate of from the very first
start. Whoever embarked on a policy of the sort, he said, and ventilated
the matter thoroughly would confer a lasting boon on everybody
concerned.</p>
<p>—You as a good catholic, he observed, talking of body and soul,
believe in the soul. Or do you mean the intelligence, the brainpower as
such, as distinct from any outside object, the table, let us say, that
cup. I believe in that myself because it has been explained by competent
men as the convolutions of the grey matter. Otherwise we would never
have such inventions as X rays, for instance. Do you?</p>
<p>Thus cornered, Stephen had to make a superhuman effort of memory to
try and concentrate and remember before he could say:</p>
<p>—They tell me on the best authority it is a simple substance and
therefore incorruptible. It would be immortal, I understand, but for the
possibility of its annihilation by its First Cause Who, from all I can
hear, is quite capable of adding that to the number of His other
practical jokes, <em>corruptio per se</em> and <em>corruptio per
accidens</em> both being excluded by court etiquette.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom thoroughly acquiesced in the general gist of this though the
mystical finesse involved was a bit out of his sublunary depth still he
felt bound to enter a demurrer on the head of simple, promptly
rejoining:</p>
<p>—Simple? I shouldn’t think that is the proper word. Of course, I
grant you, to concede a point, you do knock across a simple soul once in
a blue moon. But what I am anxious to arrive at is it is one thing for
instance to invent those rays Röntgen did or the telescope like Edison,
though I believe it was before his time Galileo was the man, I mean, and
the same applies to the laws, for example, of a farreaching natural
phenomenon such as electricity but it’s a horse of quite another colour
to say you believe in the existence of a supernatural God.</p>
<p>—O that, Stephen expostulated, has been proved conclusively by
several of the bestknown passages in Holy Writ, apart from
circumstantial evidence.</p>
<p>On this knotty point however the views of the pair, poles apart as
they were both in schooling and everything else with the marked
difference in their respective ages, clashed.</p>
<p>—Has been? the more experienced of the two objected, sticking to his
original point with a smile of unbelief. I’m not so sure about that.
That’s a matter for everyman’s opinion and, without dragging in the
sectarian side of the business, I beg to differ with you <em>in
toto</em> there. My belief is, to tell you the candid truth, that those
bits were genuine forgeries all of them put in by monks most probably or
it’s the big question of our national poet over again, who precisely
wrote them like <em>Hamlet</em> and Bacon, as, you who know your
Shakespeare infinitely better than I, of course I needn’t tell you.
Can’t you drink that coffee, by the way? Let me stir it. And take a
piece of that bun. It’s like one of our skipper’s bricks disguised.
Still no-one can give what he hasn’t got. Try a bit.</p>
<p>—Couldn’t, Stephen contrived to get out, his mental organs for the
moment refusing to dictate further.</p>
<p>Faultfinding being a proverbially bad hat Mr Bloom thought well to
stir or try to the clotted sugar from the bottom and reflected with
something approaching acrimony on the Coffee Palace and its temperance
(and lucrative) work. To be sure it was a legitimate object and beyond
yea or nay did a world of good, shelters such as the present one they
were in run on teetotal lines for vagrants at night, concerts, dramatic
evenings and useful lectures (admittance free) by qualified men for the
lower orders. On the other hand he had a distinct and painful
recollection they paid his wife, Madam Marion Tweedy who had been
prominently associated with it at one time, a very modest remuneration
indeed for her pianoplaying. The idea, he was strongly inclined to
believe, was to do good and net a profit, there being no competition to
speak of. Sulphate of copper poison SO<sub>4</sub> or something in some
dried peas he remembered reading of in a cheap eatinghouse somewhere but
he couldn’t remember when it was or where. Anyhow inspection, medical
inspection, of all eatables seemed to him more than ever necessary which
possibly accounted for the vogue of Dr Tibble’s Vi-Cocoa on account of
the medical analysis involved.</p>
<p>—Have a shot at it now, he ventured to say of the coffee after being
stirred.</p>
<p>Thus prevailed on to at any rate taste it Stephen lifted the heavy
mug from the brown puddle it clopped out of when taken up by the handle
and took a sip of the offending beverage.</p>
<p>—Still it’s solid food, his good genius urged, I’m a stickler for
solid food, his one and only reason being not gormandising in the least
but regular meals as the <em>sine qua non</em> for any kind of proper
work, mental or manual. You ought to eat more solid food. You would feel
a different man.</p>
<p>—Liquids I can eat, Stephen said. But O, oblige me by taking away
that knife. I can’t look at the point of it. It reminds me of Roman
history.</p>
<p>Mr Bloom promptly did as suggested and removed the incriminated
article, a blunt hornhandled ordinary knife with nothing particularly
Roman or antique about it to the lay eye, observing that the point was
the least conspicuous point about it.</p>
<p>—Our mutual friend’s stories are like himself, Mr Bloom
<em>apropos</em> of knives remarked to his <em>confidante sotto
voce</em>. Do you think they are genuine? He could spin those yarns for
hours on end all night long and lie like old boots. Look at him.</p>
<p>Yet still though his eyes were thick with sleep and sea air life was
full of a host of things and coincidences of a terrible nature and it
was quite within the bounds of possibility that it was not an entire
fabrication though at first blush there was not much inherent
probability in all the spoof he got off his chest being strictly
accurate gospel.</p>
<p>He had been meantime taking stock of the individual in front of him
and Sherlockholmesing him up ever since he clapped eyes on him. Though a
wellpreserved man of no little stamina, if a trifle prone to baldness,
there was something spurious in the cut of his jib that suggested a jail
delivery and it required no violent stretch of imagination to associate
such a weirdlooking specimen with the oakum and treadmill fraternity. He
might even have done for his man supposing it was his own case he told,
as people often did about others, namely, that he killed him himself and
had served his four or five goodlooking years in durance vile to say
nothing of the Antonio personage (no relation to the dramatic personage
of identical name who sprang from the pen of our national poet) who
expiated his crimes in the melodramatic manner above described. On the
other hand he might be only bluffing, a pardonable weakness because
meeting unmistakable mugs, Dublin residents, like those jarvies waiting
news from abroad would tempt any ancient mariner who sailed the ocean
seas to draw the long bow about the schooner <em>Hesperus</em> and
etcetera. And when all was said and done the lies a fellow told about
himself couldn’t probably hold a proverbial candle to the wholesale
whoppers other fellows coined about him.</p>
<p>—Mind you, I’m not saying that it’s all a pure invention, he resumed.
Analogous scenes are occasionally, if not often, met with. Giants,
though that is rather a far cry, you see once in a way, Marcella the
midget queen. In those waxworks in Henry street I myself saw some
Aztecs, as they are called, sitting bowlegged, they couldn’t straighten
their legs if you paid them because the muscles here, you see, he
proceeded, indicating on his companion the brief outline of the sinews
or whatever you like to call them behind the right knee, were utterly
powerless from sitting that way so long cramped up, being adored as
gods. There’s an example again of simple souls.</p>
<p>However reverting to friend Sinbad and his horrifying adventures (who
reminded him a bit of Ludwig, <em>alias</em> Ledwidge, when he occupied
the boards of the Gaiety when Michael Gunn was identified with the
management in the <em>Flying Dutchman</em>, a stupendous success, and
his host of admirers came in large numbers, everyone simply flocking to
hear him though ships of any sort, phantom or the reverse, on the stage
usually fell a bit flat as also did trains) there was nothing
intrinsically incompatible about it, he conceded. On the contrary that
stab in the back touch was quite in keeping with those italianos though
candidly he was none the less free to admit those icecreamers and friers
in the fish way not to mention the chip potato variety and so forth over
in little Italy there near the Coombe were sober thrifty hardworking
fellows except perhaps a bit too given to pothunting the harmless
necessary animal of the feline persuasion of others at night so as to
have a good old succulent tuckin with garlic <em>de rigueur</em> off him
or her next day on the quiet and, he added, on the cheap.</p>
<p>—Spaniards, for instance, he continued, passionate temperaments like
that, impetuous as Old Nick, are given to taking the law into their own
hands and give you your quietus doublequick with those poignards they
carry in the abdomen. It comes from the great heat, climate generally.
My wife is, so to speak, Spanish, half that is. Point of fact she could
actually claim Spanish nationality if she wanted, having been born in
(technically) Spain, i.e. Gibraltar. She has the Spanish type. Quite
dark, regular brunette, black. I for one certainly believe climate
accounts for character. That’s why I asked you if you wrote your poetry
in Italian.</p>
<p>—The temperaments at the door, Stephen interposed with, were very
passionate about ten shillings. <em>Roberto ruba roba sua</em>.</p>
<p>—Quite so, Mr Bloom dittoed.</p>
<p>—Then, Stephen said staring and rambling on to himself or some
unknown listener somewhere, we have the impetuosity of Dante and the
isosceles triangle miss Portinari he fell in love with and Leonardo and
san Tommaso Mastino.</p>
<p>—It’s in the blood, Mr Bloom acceded at once. All are washed in the
blood of the sun. Coincidence I just happened to be in the Kildare
street museum today, shortly prior to our meeting if I can so call it,
and I was just looking at those antique statues there. The splendid
proportions of hips, bosom. You simply don’t knock against those kind of
women here. An exception here and there. Handsome yes, pretty in a way
you find but what I’m talking about is the female form. Besides they
have so little taste in dress, most of them, which greatly enhances a
woman’s natural beauty, no matter what you say. Rumpled stockings, it
may be, possibly is, a foible of mine but still it’s a thing I simply
hate to see.</p>
<p>Interest, however, was starting to flag somewhat all round and then
the others got on to talking about accidents at sea, ships lost in a
fog, collisions with icebergs, all that sort of thing. Shipahoy of
course had his own say to say. He had doubled the cape a few odd times
and weathered a monsoon, a kind of wind, in the China seas and through
all those perils of the deep there was one thing, he declared, stood to
him or words to that effect, a pious medal he had that saved him.</p>
<p>So then after that they drifted on to the wreck off Daunt’s rock,
wreck of that illfated Norwegian barque nobody could think of her name
for the moment till the jarvey who had really quite a look of Henry
Campbell remembered it <em>Palme</em> on Booterstown strand. That was
the talk of the town that year (Albert William Quill wrote a fine piece
of original verse of distinctive merit on the topic for the Irish
<em>Times</em>), breakers running over her and crowds and crowds on the
shore in commotion petrified with horror. Then someone said something
about the case of the s. s. <em>Lady Cairns</em> of Swansea run into by
the <em>Mona</em> which was on an opposite tack in rather muggyish
weather and lost with all hands on deck. No aid was given. Her master,
the <em>Mona</em>’s, said he was afraid his collision bulkhead would
give way. She had no water, it appears, in her hold.</p>
<p>At this stage an incident happened. It having become necessary for
him to unfurl a reef the sailor vacated his seat.</p>
<p>—Let me cross your bows mate, he said to his neighbour who was just
gently dropping off into a peaceful doze.</p>
<p>He made tracks heavily, slowly with a dumpy sort of a gait to the
door, stepped heavily down the one step there was out of the shelter and
bore due left. While he was in the act of getting his bearings Mr Bloom
who noticed when he stood up that he had two flasks of presumably ship’s
rum sticking one out of each pocket for the private consumption of his
burning interior, saw him produce a bottle and uncork it or unscrew and,
applying its nozzle to his lips, take a good old delectable swig out of
it with a gurgling noise. The irrepressible Bloom, who also had a shrewd
suspicion that the old stager went out on a manœuvre after the
counterattraction in the shape of a female who however had disappeared
to all intents and purposes, could by straining just perceive him, when
duly refreshed by his rum puncheon exploit, gaping up at the piers and
girders of the Loop line rather out of his depth as of course it was all
radically altered since his last visit and greatly improved. Some person
or persons invisible directed him to the male urinal erected by the
cleansing committee all over the place for the purpose but after a brief
space of time during which silence reigned supreme the sailor, evidently
giving it a wide berth, eased himself closer at hand, the noise of his
bilgewater some little time subsequently splashing on the ground where
it apparently awoke a horse of the cabrank. A hoof scooped anyway for
new foothold after sleep and harness jingled. Slightly disturbed in his
sentrybox by the brazier of live coke the watcher of the corporation
stones who, though now broken down and fast breaking up, was none other
in stern reality than the Gumley aforesaid, now practically on the
parish rates, given the temporary job by Pat Tobin in all human
probability from dictates of humanity knowing him before shifted about
and shuffled in his box before composing his limbs again in to the arms
of Morpheus, a truly amazing piece of hard lines in its most virulent
form on a fellow most respectably connected and familiarised with decent
home comforts all his life who came in for a cool £ 100 a year at one
time which of course the doublebarrelled ass proceeded to make general
ducks and drakes of. And there he was at the end of his tether after
having often painted the town tolerably pink without a beggarly stiver.
He drank needless to be told and it pointed only once more a moral when
he might quite easily be in a large way of business if—a big if,
however—he had contrived to cure himself of his particular
partiality.</p>
<p>All meantime were loudly lamenting the falling off in Irish shipping,
coastwise and foreign as well, which was all part and parcel of the same
thing. A Palgrave Murphy boat was put off the ways at Alexandra basin,
the only launch that year. Right enough the harbours were there only no
ships ever called.</p>
<p>There were wrecks and wreckers, the keeper said, who was evidently
<em>au fait</em>.</p>
<p>What he wanted to ascertain was why that ship ran bang against the
only rock in Galway bay when the Galway harbour scheme was mooted by a
Mr Worthington or some name like that, eh? Ask the then captain, he
advised them, how much palmoil the British government gave him for that
day’s work, Captain John Lever of the Lever Line.</p>
<p>—Am I right, skipper? he queried of the sailor, now returning after
his private potation and the rest of his exertions.</p>
<p>That worthy picking up the scent of the fagend of the song or words
growled in wouldbe music but with great vim some kind of chanty or other
in seconds or thirds. Mr Bloom’s sharp ears heard him then expectorate
the plug probably (which it was), so that he must have lodged it for the
time being in his fist while he did the drinking and making water jobs
and found it a bit sour after the liquid fire in question. Anyhow in he
rolled after his successful libation-<em>cum</em>-potation, introducing
an atmosphere of drink into the <em>soirée</em>, boisterously trolling,
like a veritable son of a seacook:</p>
<p>—The biscuits was as hard as brass<br />
And the beef as salt as Lot’s wife’s arse.<br />
O, Johnny Lever!<br />
Johnny Lever, O!</p>
<p>After which effusion the redoubtable specimen duly arrived on the
scene and regaining his seat he sank rather than sat heavily on the form
provided. Skin-the-Goat, assuming he was he, evidently with an axe to
grind, was airing his grievances in a forcible-feeble philippic anent
the natural resources of Ireland or something of that sort which he
described in his lengthy dissertation as the richest country bar none on
the face of God’s earth, far and away superior to England, with coal in
large quantities, six million pounds worth of pork exported every year,
ten millions between butter and eggs and all the riches drained out of
it by England levying taxes on the poor people that paid through the
nose always and gobbling up the best meat in the market and a lot more
surplus steam in the same vein. Their conversation accordingly became
general and all agreed that that was a fact. You could grow any mortal
thing in Irish soil, he stated, and there was that colonel Everard down
there in Navan growing tobacco. Where would you find anywhere the like
of Irish bacon? But a day of reckoning, he stated <em>crescendo</em>
with no uncertain voice, thoroughly monopolising all the conversation,
was in store for mighty England, despite her power of pelf on account of
her crimes. There would be a fall and the greatest fall in history. The
Germans and the Japs were going to have their little lookin, he
affirmed. The Boers were the beginning of the end. Brummagem England was
toppling already and her downfall would be Ireland, her Achilles heel,
which he explained to them about the vulnerable point of Achilles, the
Greek hero, a point his auditors at once seized as he completely gripped
their attention by showing the tendon referred to on his boot. His
advice to every Irishman was: stay in the land of your birth and work
for Ireland and live for Ireland. Ireland, Parnell said, could not spare
a single one of her sons.</p>
<p>Silence all round marked the termination of his <em>finale</em>. The
impervious navigator heard these lurid tidings, undismayed.</p>
<p>—Take a bit of doing, boss, retaliated that rough diamond palpably a
bit peeved in response to the foregoing truism.</p>
<p>To which cold douche referring to downfall and so on the keeper
concurred but nevertheless held to his main view.</p>
<p>—Who’s the best troops in the army? the grizzled old veteran irately
interrogated. And the best jumpers and racers? And the best admirals and
generals we’ve got? Tell me that.</p>
<p>—The Irish, for choice, retorted the cabby like Campbell, facial
blemishes apart.</p>
<p>—That’s right, the old tarpaulin corroborated. The Irish catholic
peasant. He’s the backbone of our empire. You know Jem Mullins?</p>
<p>While allowing him his individual opinions as everyman the keeper
added he cared nothing for any empire, ours or his, and considered no
Irishman worthy of his salt that served it. Then they began to have a
few irascible words when it waxed hotter, both, needless to say,
appealing to the listeners who followed the passage of arms with
interest so long as they didn’t indulge in recriminations and come to
blows.</p>
<p>From inside information extending over a series of years Mr Bloom was
rather inclined to poohpooh the suggestion as egregious balderdash for,
pending that consummation devoutly to be or not to be wished for, he was
fully cognisant of the fact that their neighbours across the channel,
unless they were much bigger fools than he took them for, rather
concealed their strength than the opposite. It was quite on a par with
the quixotic idea in certain quarters that in a hundred million years
the coal seam of the sister island would be played out and if, as time
went on, that turned out to be how the cat jumped all he could
personally say on the matter was that as a host of contingencies,
equally relevant to the issue, might occur ere then it was highly
advisable in the interim to try to make the most of both countries even
though poles apart. Another little interesting point, the amours of
whores and chummies, to put it in common parlance, reminded him Irish
soldiers had as often fought for England as against her, more so, in
fact. And now, why? So the scene between the pair of them, the licensee
of the place rumoured to be or have been Fitzharris, the famous
invincible, and the other, obviously bogus, reminded him forcibly as
being on all fours with the confidence trick, supposing, that is, it was
prearranged as the lookeron, a student of the human soul if anything,
the others seeing least of the game. And as for the lessee or keeper,
who probably wasn’t the other person at all, he (B.) couldn’t help
feeling and most properly it was better to give people like that the
goby unless you were a blithering idiot altogether and refuse to have
anything to do with them as a golden rule in private life and their
felonsetting, there always being the offchance of a Dannyman coming
forward and turning queen’s evidence or king’s now like Denis or Peter
Carey, an idea he utterly repudiated. Quite apart from that he disliked
those careers of wrongdoing and crime on principle. Yet, though such
criminal propensities had never been an inmate of his bosom in any shape
or form, he certainly did feel and no denying it (while inwardly
remaining what he was) a certain kind of admiration for a man who had
actually brandished a knife, cold steel, with the courage of his
political convictions (though, personally, he would never be a party to
any such thing), off the same bat as those love vendettas of the south,
have her or swing for her, when the husband frequently, after some words
passed between the two concerning her relations with the other lucky
mortal (he having had the pair watched), inflicted fatal injuries on his
adored one as a result of an alternative postnuptial <em>liaison</em> by
plunging his knife into her, until it just struck him that Fitz,
nicknamed Skin-the-Goat, merely drove the car for the actual
perpetrators of the outrage and so was not, if he was reliably informed,
actually party to the ambush which, in point of fact, was the plea some
legal luminary saved his skin on. In any case that was very ancient
history by now and as for our friend, the pseudo Skin-the-etcetera, he
had transparently outlived his welcome. He ought to have either died
naturally or on the scaffold high. Like actresses, always farewell
positively last performance then come up smiling again. Generous to a
fault of course, temperamental, no economising or any idea of the sort,
always snapping at the bone for the shadow. So similarly he had a very
shrewd suspicion that Mr Johnny Lever got rid of some £. s. d. in the
course of his perambulations round the docks in the congenial atmosphere
of the <em>Old Ireland</em> tavern, come back to Erin and so on. Then as
for the other he had heard not so long before the same identical lingo
as he told Stephen how he simply but effectually silenced the
offender.</p>
</section>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-23.htm.html_pgepubid00083"
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<p>—He took umbrage at something or other, that muchinjured but on the
whole eventempered person declared, I let slip. He called me a jew and
in a heated fashion offensively. So I without deviating from plain facts
in the least told him his God, I mean Christ, was a jew too and all his
family like me though in reality I’m not. That was one for him. A soft
answer turns away wrath. He hadn’t a word to say for himself as everyone
saw. Am I not right?</p>
<p>He turned a long you are wrong gaze on Stephen of timorous dark pride
at the soft impeachment with a glance also of entreaty for he seemed to
glean in a kind of a way that it wasn’t all exactly.</p>
<p>—<em>Ex quibus</em>, Stephen mumbled in a noncommittal accent, their
two or four eyes conversing, <em>Christus</em> or Bloom his name is or
after all any other, <em>secundum carnem</em>.</p>
<p>—Of course, Mr B. proceeded to stipulate, you must look at both sides
of the question. It is hard to lay down any hard and fast rules as to
right and wrong but room for improvement all round there certainly is
though every country, they say, our own distressful included, has the
government it deserves. But with a little goodwill all round. It’s all
very fine to boast of mutual superiority but what about mutual equality.
I resent violence and intolerance in any shape or form. It never reaches
anything or stops anything. A revolution must come on the due
instalments plan. It’s a patent absurdity on the face of it to hate
people because they live round the corner and speak another vernacular,
in the next house so to speak.</p>
<p>—Memorable bloody bridge battle and seven minutes’ war, Stephen
assented, between Skinner’s alley and Ormond market.</p>
<p>Yes, Mr Bloom thoroughly agreed, entirely endorsing the remark, that
was overwhelmingly right. And the whole world was full of that sort of
thing.</p>
<p>—You just took the words out of my mouth, he said. A hocuspocus of
conflicting evidence that candidly you couldn’t remotely...</p>
<p>All those wretched quarrels, in his humble opinion, stirring up bad
blood, from some bump of combativeness or gland of some kind,
erroneously supposed to be about a punctilio of honour and a flag, were
very largely a question of the money question which was at the back of
everything, greed and jealousy, people never knowing when to stop.</p>
<p>—They accuse, remarked he audibly. He turned away from the others,
who probably… and spoke nearer to, so as the others… in case they…</p>
<p>—Jews, he softly imparted in an aside in Stephen’s ear, are accused
of ruining. Not a vestige of truth in it, I can safely say. History,
would you be surprised to learn, proves up to the hilt Spain decayed
when the inquisition hounded the jews out and England prospered when
Cromwell, an uncommonly able ruffian who in other respects has much to
answer for, imported them. Why? Because they are imbued with the proper
spirit. They are practical and are proved to be so. I don’t want to
indulge in any because you know the standard works on the subject and
then orthodox as you are. But in the economic, not touching religion,
domain the priest spells poverty. Spain again, you saw in the war,
compared with goahead America. Turks. It’s in the dogma. Because if they
didn’t believe they’d go straight to heaven when they die they’d try to
live better, at least so I think. That’s the juggle on which the p.p.’s
raise the wind on false pretences. I’m, he resumed with dramatic force,
as good an Irishman as that rude person I told you about at the outset
and I want to see everyone, concluded he, all creeds and classes <em>pro
rata</em> having a comfortable tidysized income, in no niggard fashion
either, something in the neighbourhood of £ 300 per annum. That’s the
vital issue at stake and it’s feasible and would be provocative of
friendlier intercourse between man and man. At least that’s my idea for
what it’s worth. I call that patriotism. <em>Ubi patria</em>, as we
learned a smattering of in our classical days in <em>Alma Mater, vita
bene</em>. Where you can live well, the sense is, if you work.</p>
<p>Over his untastable apology for a cup of coffee, listening to this
synopsis of things in general, Stephen stared at nothing in particular.
He could hear, of course, all kinds of words changing colour like those
crabs about Ringsend in the morning burrowing quickly into all colours
of different sorts of the same sand where they had a home somewhere
beneath or seemed to. Then he looked up and saw the eyes that said or
didn’t say the words the voice he heard said, if you work.</p>
<p>—Count me out, he managed to remark, meaning work.</p>
<p>The eyes were surprised at this observation because as he, the person
who owned them pro tem. observed or rather his voice speaking did, all
must work, have to, together.</p>
<p>—I mean, of course, the other hastened to affirm, work in the widest
possible sense. Also literary labour not merely for the kudos of the
thing. Writing for the newspapers which is the readiest channel
nowadays. That’s work too. Important work. After all, from the little I
know of you, after all the money expended on your education you are
entitled to recoup yourself and command your price. You have every bit
as much right to live by your pen in pursuit of your philosophy as the
peasant has. What? You both belong to Ireland, the brain and the brawn.
Each is equally important.</p>
<p>—You suspect, Stephen retorted with a sort of a half laugh, that I
may be important because I belong to the <em>faubourg Saint Patrice</em>
called Ireland for short.</p>
<p>—I would go a step farther, Mr Bloom insinuated.</p>
<p>—But I suspect, Stephen interrupted, that Ireland must be important
because it belongs to me.</p>
<p>—What belongs, queried Mr Bloom bending, fancying he was perhaps
under some misapprehension. Excuse me. Unfortunately, I didn’t catch the
latter portion. What was it you...?</p>
<p>Stephen, patently crosstempered, repeated and shoved aside his mug of
coffee or whatever you like to call it none too politely, adding:</p>
<p>—We can’t change the country. Let us change the subject.</p>
<p>At this pertinent suggestion Mr Bloom, to change the subject, looked
down but in a quandary, as he couldn’t tell exactly what construction to
put on belongs to which sounded rather a far cry. The rebuke of some
kind was clearer than the other part. Needless to say the fumes of his
recent orgy spoke then with some asperity in a curious bitter way
foreign to his sober state. Probably the homelife to which Mr B attached
the utmost importance had not been all that was needful or he hadn’t
been familiarised with the right sort of people. With a touch of fear
for the young man beside him whom he furtively scrutinised with an air
of some consternation remembering he had just come back from Paris, the
eyes more especially reminding him forcibly of father and sister,
failing to throw much light on the subject, however, he brought to mind
instances of cultured fellows that promised so brilliantly nipped in the
bud of premature decay and nobody to blame but themselves. For instance
there was the case of O’Callaghan, for one, the halfcrazy faddist,
respectably connected though of inadequate means, with his mad vagaries
among whose other gay doings when rotto and making himself a nuisance to
everybody all round he was in the habit of ostentatiously sporting in
public a suit of brown paper (a fact). And then the usual
<em>dénouement</em> after the fun had gone on fast and furious he got
landed into hot water and had to be spirited away by a few friends,
after a strong hint to a blind horse from John Mallon of Lower Castle
Yard, so as not to be made amenable under section two of the criminal
law amendment act, certain names of those subpœnaed being handed in but
not divulged for reasons which will occur to anyone with a pick of
brains. Briefly, putting two and two together, six sixteen which he
pointedly turned a deaf ear to, Antonio and so forth, jockeys and
esthetes and the tattoo which was all the go in the seventies or
thereabouts even in the house of lords because early in life the
occupant of the throne, then heir apparent, the other members of the
upper ten and other high personages simply following in the footsteps of
the head of the state, he reflected about the errors of notorieties and
crowned heads running counter to morality such as the Cornwall case a
number of years before under their veneer in a way scarcely intended by
nature, a thing good Mrs Grundy, as the law stands, was terribly down on
though not for the reason they thought they were probably whatever it
was except women chiefly who were always fiddling more or less at one
another it being largely a matter of dress and all the rest of it.
Ladies who like distinctive underclothing should, and every welltailored
man must, trying to make the gap wider between them by innuendo and give
more of a genuine filip to acts of impropriety between the two, she
unbuttoned his and then he untied her, mind the pin, whereas savages in
the cannibal islands, say, at ninety degrees in the shade not caring a
continental. However, reverting to the original, there were on the other
hand others who had forced their way to the top from the lowest rung by
the aid of their bootstraps. Sheer force of natural genius, that. With
brains, sir.</p>
<p>For which and further reasons he felt it was his interest and duty
even to wait on and profit by the unlookedfor occasion though why he
could not exactly tell being as it was already several shillings to the
bad having in fact let himself in for it. Still to cultivate the
acquaintance of someone of no uncommon calibre who could provide food
for reflection would amply repay any small. Intellectual stimulation, as
such, was, he felt, from time to time a firstrate tonic for the mind.
Added to which was the coincidence of meeting, discussion, dance, row,
old salt of the here today and gone tomorrow type, night loafers, the
whole galaxy of events, all went to make up a miniature cameo of the
world we live in especially as the lives of the submerged tenth, viz.
coalminers, divers, scavengers etc., were very much under the microscope
lately. To improve the shining hour he wondered whether he might meet
with anything approaching the same luck as Mr Philip Beaufoy if taken
down in writing suppose he were to pen something out of the common
groove (as he fully intended doing) at the rate of one guinea per
column. <em>My Experiences</em>, let us say, <em>in a Cabman’s
Shelter</em>.</p>
<p>The pink edition extra sporting of the <em>Telegraph</em> tell a
graphic lie lay, as luck would have it, beside his elbow and as he was
just puzzling again, far from satisfied, over a country belonging to him
and the preceding rebus the vessel came from Bridgwater and the postcard
was addressed A. Boudin find the captain’s age, his eyes went aimlessly
over the respective captions which came under his special province the
allembracing give us this day our daily press. First he got a bit of a
start but it turned out to be only something about somebody named H. du
Boyes, agent for typewriters or something like that. Great battle,
Tokio. Lovemaking in Irish, £ 200 damages. Gordon Bennett. Emigration
Swindle. Letter from His Grace. William <strong><span
style="font-size: large;">✠</span></strong>. Ascot meeting, the Gold
Cup. Victory of outsider <em>Throwaway</em> recalls Derby of ’92 when
Capt. Marshall’s dark horse <em>Sir Hugo</em> captured the blue ribband
at long odds. New York disaster. Thousand lives lost. Foot and Mouth.
Funeral of the late Mr Patrick Dignam.</p>
<p>So to change the subject he read about Dignam R. I. P. which, he
reflected, was anything but a gay sendoff. Or a change of address
anyway.</p>
<p>—<em>This morning</em> (Hynes put it in of course) <em>the remains of
the late Mr Patrick Dignam were removed from his residence, no 9
Newbridge Avenue, Sandymount, for interment in Glasnevin. The deceased
gentleman was a most popular and genial personality in city life and his
demise after a brief illness came as a great shock to citizens of all
classes by whom he is deeply regretted. The obsequies, at which many
friends of the deceased were present, were carried out</em> (certainly
Hynes wrote it with a nudge from Corny) <em>by Messrs H. J. O’Neill and
Son, 164 North Strand Road. The mourners included: Patk. Dignam (son),
Bernard Corrigan (brother-in-law), Jno. Henry Menton, solr, Martin
Cunningham, John Power, eatondph 1/8 ador dorador douradora</em> (must
be where he called Monks the dayfather about Keyes’s ad) <em>Thomas
Kernan, Simon Dedalus, Stephen Dedalus B. A., Edw. J. Lambert, Cornelius
T. Kelleher, Joseph M’C Hynes, L. Boom, C P M’Coy,—M’Intosh and several
others</em>.</p>
<p>Nettled not a little by L. <em>Boom</em> (as it incorrectly stated)
and the line of bitched type but tickled to death simultaneously by C.
P. M’Coy and Stephen Dedalus B. A. who were conspicuous, needless to
say, by their total absence (to say nothing of M’Intosh) L. Boom pointed
it out to his companion B. A. engaged in stifling another yawn, half
nervousness, not forgetting the usual crop of nonsensical howlers of
misprints.</p>
<p>—Is that first epistle to the Hebrews, he asked as soon as his bottom
jaw would let him, in? Text: open thy mouth and put thy foot in it.</p>
<p>—It is. Really, Mr Bloom said (though first he fancied he alluded to
the archbishop till he added about foot and mouth with which there could
be no possible connection) overjoyed to set his mind at rest and a bit
flabbergasted at Myles Crawford’s after all managing to. There.</p>
<p>While the other was reading it on page two Boom (to give him for the
nonce his new misnomer) whiled away a few odd leisure moments in fits
and starts with the account of the third event at Ascot on page three,
his side. Value 1000 sovs with 3000 sovs in specie added. For entire
colts and fillies. Mr F. Alexander’s <em>Throwaway</em>, b. h. by
<em>Rightaway-Thrale</em>, 5 yrs, 9 st 4 lbs (W. Lane) 1. Lord Howard de
Walden’s <em>Zinfandel</em> (M. Cannon) 2. Mr W. Bass’s <em>Sceptre</em>
3. Betting 5 to 4 on <em>Zinfandel</em>, 20 to 1 <em>Throwaway</em>
(off). <em>Sceptre</em> a shade heavier. It was anybody’s race then the
rank outsider drew to the fore, got long lead, beating Lord Howard de
Walden’s chestnut colt and Mr W. Bass’s bay filly Sceptre on a 2 1/2
mile course. Winner trained by Braime so that Lenehan’s version of the
business was all pure buncombe. Secured the verdict cleverly by a
length. 1000 sovs with 3000 in specie. Also ran: J de Bremond’s (French
horse Bantam Lyons was anxiously inquiring after not in yet but expected
any minute) <em>Maximum II</em>. Different ways of bringing off a coup.
Lovemaking damages. Though that halfbaked Lyons ran off at a tangent in
his impetuosity to get left. Of course gambling eminently lent itself to
that sort of thing though as the event turned out the poor fool hadn’t
much reason to congratulate himself on his pick, the forlorn hope.
Guesswork it reduced itself to eventually.</p>
<p>—There was every indication they would arrive at that, he, Bloom,
said.</p>
<p>—Who? the other, whose hand by the way was hurt, said.</p>
<p>One morning you would open the paper, the cabman affirmed, and read:
<em>Return of Parnell</em>. He bet them what they liked. A Dublin
fusilier was in that shelter one night and said he saw him in South
Africa. Pride it was killed him. He ought to have done away with himself
or lain low for a time after committee room no 15 until he was his old
self again with no-one to point a finger at him. Then they would all to
a man have gone down on their marrowbones to him to come back when he
had recovered his senses. Dead he wasn’t. Simply absconded somewhere.
The coffin they brought over was full of stones. He changed his name to
De Wet, the Boer general. He made a mistake to fight the priests. And so
forth and so on.</p>
<p>All the same Bloom (properly so dubbed) was rather surprised at their
memories for in nine cases out of ten it was a case of tarbarrels and
not singly but in their thousands and then complete oblivion because it
was twenty odd years. Highly unlikely of course there was even a shadow
of truth in the stones and, even supposing, he thought a return highly
inadvisable, all things considered. Something evidently riled them in
his death. Either he petered out too tamely of acute pneumonia just when
his various different political arrangements were nearing completion or
whether it transpired he owed his death to his having neglected to
change his boots and clothes after a wetting when a cold resulted and
failing to consult a specialist he being confined to his room till he
eventually died of it amid widespread regret before a fortnight was at
an end or quite possibly they were distressed to find the job was taken
out of their hands. Of course nobody being acquainted with his movements
even before there was absolutely no clue as to his whereabouts which
were decidedly of the <em>Alice, where art thou</em> order even prior to
his starting to go under several aliases such as Fox and Stewart so the
remark which emanated from friend cabby might be within the bounds of
possibility. Naturally then it would prey on his mind as a born leader
of men which undoubtedly he was and a commanding figure, a sixfooter or
at any rate five feet ten or eleven in his stockinged feet, whereas
Messrs So and So who, though they weren’t even a patch on the former
man, ruled the roost after their redeeming features were very few and
far between. It certainly pointed a moral, the idol with feet of clay,
and then seventytwo of his trusty henchmen rounding on him with mutual
mudslinging. And the identical same with murderers. You had to come
back. That haunting sense kind of drew you. To show the understudy in
the title <em>rôle</em> how to. He saw him once on the auspicious
occasion when they broke up the type in the <em>Insuppressible</em> or
was it <em>United Ireland</em>, a privilege he keenly appreciated, and,
in point of fact, handed him his silk hat when it was knocked off and he
said <em>Thank you</em>, excited as he undoubtedly was under his frigid
exterior notwithstanding the little misadventure mentioned between the
cup and the lip: what’s bred in the bone. Still as regards return. You
were a lucky dog if they didn’t set the terrier at you directly you got
back. Then a lot of shillyshally usually followed, Tom for and Dick and
Harry against. And then, number one, you came up against the man in
possession and had to produce your credentials like the claimant in the
Tichborne case, Roger Charles Tichborne, <em>Bella</em> was the boat’s
name to the best of his recollection he, the heir, went down in as the
evidence went to show and there was a tattoo mark too in Indian ink,
lord Bellew was it, as he might very easily have picked up the details
from some pal on board ship and then, when got up to tally with the
description given, introduce himself with: <em>Excuse me, my name is So
and So</em> or some such commonplace remark. A more prudent course, as
Bloom said to the not over effusive, in fact like the distinguished
personage under discussion beside him, would have been to sound the lie
of the land first.</p>
<p>—That bitch, that English whore, did for him, the shebeen proprietor
commented. She put the first nail in his coffin.</p>
<p>—Fine lump of a woman all the same, the <em>soi-disant</em> townclerk
Henry Campbell remarked, and plenty of her. She loosened many a man’s
thighs. I seen her picture in a barber’s. The husband was a captain or
an officer.</p>
<p>—Ay, Skin-the-Goat amusingly added, he was and a cottonball one.</p>
<p>This gratuitous contribution of a humorous character occasioned a
fair amount of laughter among his <em>entourage</em>. As regards Bloom
he, without the faintest suspicion of a smile, merely gazed in the
direction of the door and reflected upon the historic story which had
aroused extraordinary interest at the time when the facts, to make
matters worse, were made public with the usual affectionate letters that
passed between them full of sweet nothings. First it was strictly
Platonic till nature intervened and an attachment sprang up between them
till bit by bit matters came to a climax and the matter became the talk
of the town till the staggering blow came as a welcome intelligence to
not a few evildisposed, however, who were resolved upon encompassing his
downfall though the thing was public property all along though not to
anything like the sensational extent that it subsequently blossomed
into. Since their names were coupled, though, since he was her declared
favourite, where was the particular necessity to proclaim it to the rank
and file from the housetops, the fact, namely, that he had shared her
bedroom which came out in the witnessbox on oath when a thrill went
through the packed court literally electrifying everybody in the shape
of witnesses swearing to having witnessed him on such and such a
particular date in the act of scrambling out of an upstairs apartment
with the assistance of a ladder in night apparel, having gained
admittance in the same fashion, a fact the weeklies, addicted to the
lubric a little, simply coined shoals of money out of. Whereas the
simple fact of the case was it was simply a case of the husband not
being up to the scratch, with nothing in common between them beyond the
name, and then a real man arriving on the scene, strong to the verge of
weakness, falling a victim to her siren charms and forgetting home ties,
the usual sequel, to bask in the loved one’s smiles. The eternal
question of the life connubial, needless to say, cropped up. Can real
love, supposing there happens to be another chap in the case, exist
between married folk? Poser. Though it was no concern of theirs
absolutely if he regarded her with affection, carried away by a wave of
folly. A magnificent specimen of manhood he was truly augmented
obviously by gifts of a high order, as compared with the other military
supernumerary that is (who was just the usual everyday <em>farewell, my
gallant captain</em> kind of an individual in the light dragoons, the
18<sup>th</sup> hussars to be accurate) and inflammable doubtless (the
fallen leader, that is, not the other) in his own peculiar way which she
of course, woman, quickly perceived as highly likely to carve his way to
fame which he almost bid fair to do till the priests and ministers of
the gospel as a whole, his erstwhile staunch adherents, and his beloved
evicted tenants for whom he had done yeoman service in the rural parts
of the country by taking up the cudgels on their behalf in a way that
exceeded their most sanguine expectations, very effectually cooked his
matrimonial goose, thereby heaping coals of fire on his head much in the
same way as the fabled ass’s kick. Looking back now in a retrospective
kind of arrangement all seemed a kind of dream. And then coming back was
the worst thing you ever did because it went without saying you would
feel out of place as things always moved with the times. Why, as he
reflected, Irishtown strand, a locality he had not been in for quite a
number of years looked different somehow since, as it happened, he went
to reside on the north side. North or south, however, it was just the
wellknown case of hot passion, pure and simple, upsetting the applecart
with a vengeance and just bore out the very thing he was saying as she
also was Spanish or half so, types that wouldn’t do things by halves,
passionate abandon of the south, casting every shred of decency to the
winds.</p>
<p>—Just bears out what I was saying, he, with glowing bosom said to
Stephen, about blood and the sun. And, if I don’t greatly mistake she
was Spanish too.</p>
<p>—The king of Spain’s daughter, Stephen answered, adding something or
other rather muddled about farewell and adieu to you Spanish onions and
the first land called the Deadman and from Ramhead to Scilly was so and
so many.</p>
<p>—Was she? Bloom ejaculated, surprised though not astonished by any
means, I never heard that rumour before. Possible, especially there, it
was as she lived there. So, Spain.</p>
<p>Carefully avoiding a book in his pocket <em>Sweets of</em>, which
reminded him by the by of that Capel street library book out of date, he
took out his pocketbook and, turning over the various contents it
contained rapidly finally he.</p>
<p>—Do you consider, by the by, he said, thoughtfully selecting a faded
photo which he laid on the table, that a Spanish type?</p>
<p>Stephen, obviously addressed, looked down on the photo showing a
large sized lady with her fleshy charms on evidence in an open fashion
as she was in the full bloom of womanhood in evening dress cut
ostentatiously low for the occasion to give a liberal display of bosom,
with more than vision of breasts, her full lips parted and some perfect
teeth, standing near, ostensibly with gravity, a piano on the rest of
which was <em>In Old Madrid</em>, a ballad, pretty in its way, which was
then all the vogue. Her (the lady’s) eyes, dark, large, looked at
Stephen, about to smile about something to be admired, Lafayette of
Westmoreland street, Dublin’s premier photographic artist, being
responsible for the esthetic execution.</p>
<p>—Mrs Bloom, my wife the <em>prima donna</em> Madam Marion Tweedy,
Bloom indicated. Taken a few years since. In or about ninety six. Very
like her then.</p>
<p>Beside the young man he looked also at the photo of the lady now his
legal wife who, he intimated, was the accomplished daughter of Major
Brian Tweedy and displayed at an early age remarkable proficiency as a
singer having even made her bow to the public when her years numbered
barely sweet sixteen. As for the face it was a speaking likeness in
expression but it did not do justice to her figure which came in for a
lot of notice usually and which did not come out to the best advantage
in that getup. She could without difficulty, he said, have posed for the
ensemble, not to dwell on certain opulent curves of the. He dwelt, being
a bit of an artist in his spare time, on the female form in general
developmentally because, as it so happened, no later than that afternoon
he had seen those Grecian statues, perfectly developed as works of art,
in the National Museum. Marble could give the original, shoulders, back,
all the symmetry, all the rest. Yes, puritanisme, it does though, Saint
Joseph’s sovereign thievery alors (Bandez!) Figne toi trop. Whereas no
photo could because it simply wasn’t art in a word.</p>
<p>The spirit moving him he would much have liked to follow Jack Tar’s
good example and leave the likeness there for a very few minutes to
speak for itself on the plea he so that the other could drink in the
beauty for himself, her stage presence being, frankly, a treat in itself
which the camera could not at all do justice to. But it was scarcely
professional etiquette so. Though it was a warm pleasant sort of a night
now yet wonderfully cool for the season considering, for sunshine after
storm. And he did feel a kind of need there and then to follow suit like
a kind of inward voice and satisfy a possible need by moving a motion.
Nevertheless he sat tight just viewing the slightly soiled photo creased
by opulent curves, none the worse for wear however, and looked away
thoughtfully with the intention of not further increasing the other’s
possible embarrassment while gauging her symmetry of heaving
<em>embonpoint</em>. In fact the slight soiling was only an added charm
like the case of linen slightly soiled, good as new, much better in fact
with the starch out. Suppose she was gone when he? I looked for the lamp
which she told me came into his mind but merely as a passing fancy of
his because he then recollected the morning littered bed etcetera and
the book about Ruby with met him pike hoses (<em>sic</em>) in it which
must have fell down sufficiently appropriately beside the domestic
chamberpot with apologies to Lindley Murray.</p>
<p>The vicinity of the young man he certainly relished, educated,
<em>distingué</em> and impulsive into the bargain, far and away the pick
of the bunch though you wouldn’t think he had it in him yet you would.
Besides he said the picture was handsome which, say what you like, it
was though at the moment she was distinctly stouter. And why not? An
awful lot of makebelieve went on about that sort of thing involving a
lifelong slur with the usual splash page of gutterpress about the same
old matrimonial tangle alleging misconduct with professional golfer or
the newest stage favourite instead of being honest and aboveboard about
the whole business. How they were fated to meet and an attachment sprang
up between the two so that their names were coupled in the public eye
was told in court with letters containing the habitual mushy and
compromising expressions leaving no loophole to show that they openly
cohabited two or three times a week at some wellknown seaside hotel and
relations, when the thing ran its normal course, became in due course
intimate. Then the decree <em>nisi</em> and the King’s proctor tries to
show cause why and, he failing to quash it, <em>nisi</em> was made
absolute. But as for that the two misdemeanants, wrapped up as they
largely were in one another, could safely afford to ignore it as they
very largely did till the matter was put in the hands of a solicitor who
filed a petition for the party wronged in due course. He, B, enjoyed the
distinction of being close to Erin’s uncrowned king in the flesh when
the thing occurred on the historic <em>fracas</em> when the fallen
leader’s, who notoriously stuck to his guns to the last drop even when
clothed in the mantle of adultery, (leader’s) trusty henchmen to the
number of ten or a dozen or possibly even more than that penetrated into
the printing works of the <em>Insuppressible</em> or no it was
<em>United Ireland</em> (a by no means by the by appropriate
appellative) and broke up the typecases with hammers or something like
that all on account of some scurrilous effusions from the facile pens of
the O’Brienite scribes at the usual mudslinging occupation reflecting on
the erstwhile tribune’s private morals. Though palpably a radically
altered man he was still a commanding figure though carelessly garbed as
usual with that look of settled purpose which went a long way with the
shillyshallyers till they discovered to their vast discomfiture that
their idol had feet of clay after placing him upon a pedestal which she,
however, was the first to perceive. As those were particularly hot times
in the general hullaballoo Bloom sustained a minor injury from a nasty
prod of some chap’s elbow in the crowd that of course congregated
lodging some place about the pit of the stomach, fortunately not of a
grave character. His hat (Parnell’s) a silk one was inadvertently
knocked off and, as a matter of strict history, Bloom was the man who
picked it up in the crush after witnessing the occurrence meaning to
return it to him (and return it to him he did with the utmost celerity)
who panting and hatless and whose thoughts were miles away from his hat
at the time all the same being a gentleman born with a stake in the
country he, as a matter of fact, having gone into it more for the kudos
of the thing than anything else, what’s bred in the bone instilled into
him in infancy at his mother’s knee in the shape of knowing what good
form was came out at once because he turned round to the donor and
thanked him with perfect <em>aplomb</em>, saying: <em>Thank you,
sir</em>, though in a very different tone of voice from the ornament of
the legal profession whose headgear Bloom also set to rights earlier in
the course of the day, history repeating itself with a difference, after
the burial of a mutual friend when they had left him alone in his glory
after the grim task of having committed his remains to the grave.</p>
<p>On the other hand what incensed him more inwardly was the blatant
jokes of the cabman and so on who passed it all off as a jest, laughing
immoderately, pretending to understand everything, the why and the
wherefore, and in reality not knowing their own minds, it being a case
for the two parties themselves unless it ensued that the legitimate
husband happened to be a party to it owing to some anonymous letter from
the usual boy Jones, who happened to come across them at the crucial
moment in a loving position locked in one another’s arms, drawing
attention to their illicit proceedings and leading up to a domestic
rumpus and the erring fair one begging forgiveness of her lord and
master upon her knees and promising to sever the connection and not
receive his visits any more if only the aggrieved husband would overlook
the matter and let bygones be bygones with tears in her eyes though
possibly with her tongue in her fair cheek at the same time as quite
possibly there were several others. He personally, being of a sceptical
bias, believed and didn’t make the smallest bones about saying so either
that man or men in the plural were always hanging around on the waiting
list about a lady, even supposing she was the best wife in the world and
they got on fairly well together for the sake of argument, when,
neglecting her duties, she chose to be tired of wedded life and was on
for a little flutter in polite debauchery to press their attentions on
her with improper intent, the upshot being that her affections centred
on another, the cause of many <em>liaisons</em> between still attractive
married women getting on for fair and forty and younger men, no doubt as
several famous cases of feminine infatuation proved up to the hilt.</p>
<p>It was a thousand pities a young fellow, blessed with an allowance of
brains as his neighbour obviously was, should waste his valuable time
with profligate women who might present him with a nice dose to last him
his lifetime. In the nature of single blessedness he would one day take
unto himself a wife when Miss Right came on the scene but in the interim
ladies’ society was a <em>conditio sine qua non</em> though he had the
gravest possible doubts, not that he wanted in the smallest to pump
Stephen about Miss Ferguson (who was very possibly the particular
lodestar who brought him down to Irishtown so early in the morning), as
to whether he would find much satisfaction basking in the boy and girl
courtship idea and the company of smirking misses without a penny to
their names bi or triweekly with the orthodox preliminary canter of
complimentplaying and walking out leading up to fond lovers’ ways and
flowers and chocs. To think of him house and homeless, rooked by some
landlady worse than any stepmother, was really too bad at his age. The
queer suddenly things he popped out with attracted the elder man who was
several years the other’s senior or like his father but something
substantial he certainly ought to eat even were it only an eggflip made
on unadulterated maternal nutriment or, failing that, the homely Humpty
Dumpty boiled.</p>
<p>—At what o’clock did you dine? he questioned of the slim form and
tired though unwrinkled face.</p>
<p>—Some time yesterday, Stephen said.</p>
<p>—Yesterday! exclaimed Bloom till he remembered it was already
tomorrow Friday. Ah, you mean it’s after twelve!</p>
<p>—The day before yesterday, Stephen said, improving on himself.</p>
<p>Literally astounded at this piece of intelligence Bloom reflected.
Though they didn’t see eye to eye in everything a certain analogy there
somehow was as if both their minds were travelling, so to speak, in the
one train of thought. At his age when dabbling in politics roughly some
score of years previously when he had been a <em>quasi</em> aspirant to
parliamentary honours in the Buckshot Foster days he too recollected in
retrospect (which was a source of keen satisfaction in itself) he had a
sneaking regard for those same ultra ideas. For instance when the
evicted tenants question, then at its first inception, bulked largely in
people’s mind though, it goes without saying, not contributing a copper
or pinning his faith absolutely to its dictums, some of which wouldn’t
exactly hold water, he at the outset in principle at all events was in
thorough sympathy with peasant possession as voicing the trend of modern
opinion (a partiality, however, which, realising his mistake, he was
subsequently partially cured of) and even was twitted with going a step
farther than Michael Davitt in the striking views he at one time
inculcated as a backtothelander, which was one reason he strongly
resented the innuendo put upon him in so barefaced a fashion by our
friend at the gathering of the clans in Barney Kiernan’s so that he,
though often considerably misunderstood and the least pugnacious of
mortals, be it repeated, departed from his customary habit to give him
(metaphorically) one in the gizzard though, so far as politics
themselves were concerned, he was only too conscious of the casualties
invariably resulting from propaganda and displays of mutual animosity
and the misery and suffering it entailed as a foregone conclusion on
fine young fellows, chiefly, destruction of the fittest, in a word.</p>
<p>Anyhow upon weighing up the pros and cons, getting on for one, as it
was, it was high time to be retiring for the night. The crux was it was
a bit risky to bring him home as eventualities might possibly ensue
(somebody having a temper of her own sometimes) and spoil the hash
altogether as on the night he misguidedly brought home a dog (breed
unknown) with a lame paw (not that the cases were either identical or
the reverse though he had hurt his hand too) to Ontario Terrace as he
very distinctly remembered, having been there, so to speak. On the other
hand it was altogether far and away too late for the Sandymount or
Sandycove suggestion so that he was in some perplexity as to which of
the two alternatives. Everything pointed to the fact that it behoved him
to avail himself to the full of the opportunity, all things considered.
His initial impression was he was a shade standoffish or not over
effusive but it grew on him someway. For one thing he mightn’t what you
call jump at the idea, if approached, and what mostly worried him was he
didn’t know how to lead up to it or word it exactly, supposing he did
entertain the proposal, as it would afford him very great personal
pleasure if he would allow him to help to put coin in his way or some
wardrobe, if found suitable. At all events he wound up by concluding,
eschewing for the nonce hidebound precedent, a cup of Epps’s cocoa and a
shakedown for the night plus the use of a rug or two and overcoat
doubled into a pillow at least he would be in safe hands and as warm as
a toast on a trivet he failed to perceive any very vast amount of harm
in that always with the proviso no rumpus of any sort was kicked up. A
move had to be made because that merry old soul, the grasswidower in
question who appeared to be glued to the spot, didn’t appear in any
particular hurry to wend his way home to his dearly beloved Queenstown
and it was highly likely some sponger’s bawdyhouse of retired beauties
where age was no bar off Sheriff street lower would be the best clue to
that equivocal character’s whereabouts for a few days to come,
alternately racking their feelings (the mermaids’) with sixchamber
revolver anecdotes verging on the tropical calculated to freeze the
marrow of anybody’s bones and mauling their largesized charms
betweenwhiles with rough and tumble gusto to the accompaniment of large
potations of potheen and the usual blarney about himself for as to who
he in reality was let x equal my right name and address, as Mr Algebra
remarks <em>passim</em>. At the same time he inwardly chuckled over his
gentle repartee to the blood and ouns champion about his god being a
jew. People could put up with being bitten by a wolf but what properly
riled them was a bite from a sheep. The most vulnerable point too of
tender Achilles. Your god was a jew. Because mostly they appeared to
imagine he came from Carrick-on-Shannon or somewhereabouts in the county
Sligo.</p>
<p>—I propose, our hero eventually suggested after mature reflection
while prudently pocketing her photo, as it’s rather stuffy here you just
come home with me and talk things over. My diggings are quite close in
the vicinity. You can’t drink that stuff. Do you like cocoa? Wait. I’ll
just pay this lot.</p>
<p>The best plan clearly being to clear out, the remainder being plain
sailing, he beckoned, while prudently pocketing the photo, to the keeper
of the shanty who didn’t seem to.</p>
<p>—Yes, that’s the best, he assured Stephen to whom for the matter of
that Brazen Head or him or anywhere else was all more or less.</p>
<p>All kinds of Utopian plans were flashing through his (B’s) busy
brain, education (the genuine article), literature, journalism, prize
titbits, up to date billing, concert tours in English watering resorts
packed with hydros and seaside theatres, turning money away, duets in
Italian with the accent perfectly true to nature and a quantity of other
things, no necessity, of course, to tell the world and his wife from the
housetops about it, and a slice of luck. An opening was all was wanted.
Because he more than suspected he had his father’s voice to bank his
hopes on which it was quite on the cards he had so it would be just as
well, by the way no harm, to trail the conversation in the direction of
that particular red herring just to.</p>
<p>The cabby read out of the paper he had got hold of that the former
viceroy, earl Cadogan, had presided at the cabdrivers’ association
dinner in London somewhere. Silence with a yawn or two accompanied this
thrilling announcement. Then the old specimen in the corner who appeared
to have some spark of vitality left read out that sir Anthony MacDonnell
had left Euston for the chief secretary’s lodge or words to that effect.
To which absorbing piece of intelligence echo answered why.</p>
<p>—Give us a squint at that literature, grandfather, the ancient
mariner put in, manifesting some natural impatience.</p>
<p>—And welcome, answered the elderly party thus addressed.</p>
<p>The sailor lugged out from a case he had a pair of greenish goggles
which he very slowly hooked over his nose and both ears.</p>
<p>—Are you bad in the eyes? the sympathetic personage like the
townclerk queried.</p>
<p>—Why, answered the seafarer with the tartan beard, who seemingly was
a bit of a literary cove in his own small way, staring out of seagreen
portholes as you might well describe them as, I uses goggles reading.
Sand in the Red Sea done that. One time I could read a book in the dark,
manner of speaking. <em>The Arabian Nights Entertainment</em> was my
favourite and <em>Red as a Rose is She.</em></p>
<p>Hereupon he pawed the journal open and pored upon Lord only knows
what, found drowned or the exploits of King Willow, Iremonger having
made a hundred and something second wicket not out for Notts, during
which time (completely regardless of Ire) the keeper was intensely
occupied loosening an apparently new or secondhand boot which manifestly
pinched him as he muttered against whoever it was sold it, all of them
who were sufficiently awake enough to be picked out by their facial
expressions, that is to say, either simply looking on glumly or passing
a trivial remark.</p>
<p>To cut a long story short Bloom, grasping the situation, was the
first to rise from his seat so as not to outstay their welcome having
first and foremost, being as good as his word that he would foot the
bill for the occasion, taken the wise precaution to unobtrusively motion
to mine host as a parting shot a scarcely perceptible sign when the
others were not looking to the effect that the amount due was
forthcoming, making a grand total of fourpence (the amount he deposited
unobtrusively in four coppers, literally the last of the Mohicans), he
having previously spotted on the printed pricelist for all who ran to
read opposite him in unmistakable figures, coffee 2d, confectionery do,
and honestly well worth twice the money once in a way, as Wetherup used
to remark.</p>
<p>—Come, he counselled to close the <em>séance</em>.</p>
<p>Seeing that the ruse worked and the coast was clear they left the
shelter or shanty together and the <em>élite</em> society of oilskin and
company whom nothing short of an earthquake would move out of their
<em>dolce far niente</em>. Stephen, who confessed to still feeling
poorly and fagged out, paused at the, for a moment, the door.</p>
<p>—One thing I never understood, he said to be original on the spur of
the moment. Why they put tables upside down at night, I mean chairs
upside down, on the tables in cafés. To which impromptu the neverfailing
Bloom replied without a moment’s hesitation, saying straight off:</p>
<p>—To sweep the floor in the morning.</p>
<p>So saying he skipped around, nimbly considering, frankly at the same
time apologetic to get on his companion’s right, a habit of his, by the
bye, his right side being, in classical idiom, his tender Achilles. The
night air was certainly now a treat to breathe though Stephen was a bit
weak on his pins.</p>
<p>—It will (the air) do you good, Bloom said, meaning also the walk, in
a moment. The only thing is to walk then you’ll feel a different man.
Come. It’s not far. Lean on me.</p>
<p>Accordingly he passed his left arm in Stephen’s right and led him on
accordingly.</p>
<p>—Yes, Stephen said uncertainly because he thought he felt a strange
kind of flesh of a different man approach him, sinewless and wobbly and
all that.</p>
<p>Anyhow they passed the sentrybox with stones, brazier etc. where the
municipal supernumerary, ex Gumley, was still to all intents and
purposes wrapped in the arms of Murphy, as the adage has it, dreaming of
fresh fields and pastures new. And <em>apropos</em> of coffin of stones
the analogy was not at all bad as it was in fact a stoning to death on
the part of seventytwo out of eighty odd constituencies that ratted at
the time of the split and chiefly the belauded peasant class, probably
the selfsame evicted tenants he had put in their holdings.</p>
<p>So they turned on to chatting about music, a form of art for which
Bloom, as a pure amateur, possessed the greatest love, as they made
tracks arm in arm across Beresford place. Wagnerian music, though
confessedly grand in its way, was a bit too heavy for Bloom and hard to
follow at the first go-off but the music of Mercadante’s
<em>Huguenots</em>, Meyerbeer’s <em>Seven Last Words on the Cross</em>
and Mozart’s <em>Twelfth Mass</em> he simply revelled in, the
<em>Gloria</em> in that being, to his mind, the acme of first class
music as such, literally knocking everything else into a cocked hat. He
infinitely preferred the sacred music of the catholic church to anything
the opposite shop could offer in that line such as those Moody and
Sankey hymns or <em>Bid me to live and I will live thy protestant to
be</em>. He also yielded to none in his admiration of Rossini’s
<em>Stabat Mater</em>, a work simply abounding in immortal numbers, in
which his wife, Madam Marion Tweedy, made a hit, a veritable sensation,
he might safely say, greatly adding to her other laurels and putting the
others totally in the shade, in the jesuit fathers’ church in upper
Gardiner street, the sacred edifice being thronged to the doors to hear
her with virtuosos, or <em>virtuosi</em> rather. There was the unanimous
opinion that there was none to come up to her and suffice it to say in a
place of worship for music of a sacred character there was a generally
voiced desire for an encore. On the whole though favouring preferably
light opera of the <em>Don Giovanni</em> description and
<em>Martha</em>, a gem in its line, he had a <em>penchant</em>, though
with only a surface knowledge, for the severe classical school such as
Mendelssohn. And talking of that, taking it for granted he knew all
about the old favourites, he mentioned <em>par excellence</em> Lionel’s
air in <em>Martha, M’appari</em>, which, curiously enough, he had heard
or overheard, to be more accurate, on yesterday, a privilege he keenly
appreciated, from the lips of Stephen’s respected father, sung to
perfection, a study of the number, in fact, which made all the others
take a back seat. Stephen, in reply to a politely put query, said he
didn’t sing it but launched out into praises of Shakespeare’s songs, at
least of in or about that period, the lutenist Dowland who lived in
Fetter lane near Gerard the herbalist, who <em>anno ludendo hausi,
Doulandus</em>, an instrument he was contemplating purchasing from Mr
Arnold Dolmetsch, whom B. did not quite recall though the name certainly
sounded familiar, for sixtyfive guineas and Farnaby and son with their
<em>dux</em> and <em>comes</em> conceits and Byrd (William) who played
the virginals, he said, in the Queen’s chapel or anywhere else he found
them and one Tomkins who made toys or airs and John Bull.</p>
<p>On the roadway which they were approaching whilst still speaking
beyond the swingchains a horse, dragging a sweeper, paced on the paven
ground, brushing a long swathe of mire up so that with the noise Bloom
was not perfectly certain whether he had caught aright the allusion to
sixtyfive guineas and John Bull. He inquired if it was John Bull the
political celebrity of that ilk, as it struck him, the two identical
names, as a striking coincidence.</p>
<p>By the chains the horse slowly swerved to turn, which perceiving,
Bloom, who was keeping a sharp lookout as usual, plucked the other’s
sleeve gently, jocosely remarking:</p>
<p>—Our lives are in peril tonight. Beware of the steamroller.</p>
<p>They thereupon stopped. Bloom looked at the head of a horse not worth
anything like sixtyfive guineas, suddenly in evidence in the dark quite
near so that it seemed new, a different grouping of bones and even flesh
because palpably it was a fourwalker, a hipshaker, a blackbuttocker, a
taildangler, a headhanger putting his hind foot foremost the while the
lord of his creation sat on the perch, busy with his thoughts. But such
a good poor brute he was sorry he hadn’t a lump of sugar but, as he
wisely reflected, you could scarcely be prepared for every emergency
that might crop up. He was just a big nervous foolish noodly kind of a
horse, without a second care in the world. But even a dog, he reflected,
take that mongrel in Barney Kiernan’s, of the same size, would be a holy
horror to face. But it was no animal’s fault in particular if he was
built that way like the camel, ship of the desert, distilling grapes
into potheen in his hump. Nine tenths of them all could be caged or
trained, nothing beyond the art of man barring the bees. Whale with a
harpoon hairpin, alligator tickle the small of his back and he sees the
joke, chalk a circle for a rooster, tiger my eagle eye. These timely
reflections anent the brutes of the field occupied his mind somewhat
distracted from Stephen’s words while the ship of the street was
manœuvring and Stephen went on about the highly interesting old.</p>
<p>—What’s this I was saying? Ah, yes! My wife, he intimated, plunging
<em>in medias res</em>, would have the greatest of pleasure in making
your acquaintance as she is passionately attached to music of any
kind.</p>
<p>He looked sideways in a friendly fashion at the sideface of Stephen,
image of his mother, which was not quite the same as the usual handsome
blackguard type they unquestionably had an insatiable hankering after as
he was perhaps not that way built.</p>
<p>Still, supposing he had his father’s gift as he more than suspected,
it opened up new vistas in his mind such as Lady Fingall’s Irish
industries, concert on the preceding Monday, and aristocracy in
general.</p>
<p>Exquisite variations he was now describing on an air <em>Youth here
has End</em> by Jans Pieter Sweelinck, a Dutchman of Amsterdam where the
frows come from. Even more he liked an old German song of <em>Johannes
Jeep</em> about the clear sea and the voices of sirens, sweet murderers
of men, which boggled Bloom a bit:</p>
<p>Von der Sirenen Listigkeit<br />
Tun die Poeten dichten.</p>
<p>These opening bars he sang and translated <em>extempore</em>. Bloom,
nodding, said he perfectly understood and begged him to go on by all
means which he did.</p>
<p>A phenomenally beautiful tenor voice like that, the rarest of boons,
which Bloom appreciated at the very first note he got out, could easily,
if properly handled by some recognised authority on voice production
such as Barraclough and being able to read music into the bargain,
command its own price where baritones were ten a penny and procure for
its fortunate possessor in the near future an <em>entrée</em> into
fashionable houses in the best residential quarters of financial
magnates in a large way of business and titled people where with his
university degree of B. A. (a huge ad in its way) and gentlemanly
bearing to all the more influence the good impression he would
infallibly score a distinct success, being blessed with brains which
also could be utilised for the purpose and other requisites, if his
clothes were properly attended to so as to the better worm his way into
their good graces as he, a youthful tyro in society’s sartorial
niceties, hardly understood how a little thing like that could militate
against you. It was in fact only a matter of months and he could easily
foresee him participating in their musical and artistic
<em>conversaziones</em> during the festivities of the Christmas season,
for choice, causing a slight flutter in the dovecotes of the fair sex
and being made a lot of by ladies out for sensation, cases of which, as
he happened to know, were on record—in fact, without giving the show
away, he himself once upon a time, if he cared to, could easily have.
Added to which of course would be the pecuniary emolument by no means to
be sneezed at, going hand in hand with his tuition fees. Not, he
parenthesised, that for the sake of filthy lucre he need necessarily
embrace the lyric platform as a walk in life for any lengthy space of
time. But a step in the required direction it was beyond yea or nay and
both monetarily and mentally it contained no reflection on his dignity
in the smallest and it often turned in uncommonly handy to be handed a
cheque at a muchneeded moment when every little helped. Besides, though
taste latterly had deteriorated to a degree, original music like that,
different from the conventional rut, would rapidly have a great vogue as
it would be a decided novelty for Dublin’s musical world after the usual
hackneyed run of catchy tenor solos foisted on a confiding public by
Ivan St Austell and Hilton St Just and their <em>genus omne</em>. Yes,
beyond a shadow of a doubt he could with all the cards in his hand and
he had a capital opening to make a name for himself and win a high place
in the city’s esteem where he could command a stiff figure and, booking
ahead, give a grand concert for the patrons of the King street house,
given a backerup, if one were forthcoming to kick him upstairs, so to
speak, a big <em>if</em>, however, with some impetus of the goahead sort
to obviate the inevitable procrastination which often tripped up a too
much fêted prince of good fellows. And it need not detract from the
other by one iota as, being his own master, he would have heaps of time
to practise literature in his spare moments when desirous of so doing
without its clashing with his vocal career or containing anything
derogatory whatsoever as it was a matter for himself alone. In fact, he
had the ball at his feet and that was the very reason why the other,
possessed of a remarkably sharp nose for smelling a rat of any sort,
hung on to him at all.</p>
<p>The horse was just then. And later on at a propitious opportunity he
purposed (Bloom did), without anyway prying into his private affairs on
the <em>fools step in where angels</em> principle, advising him to sever
his connection with a certain budding practitioner who, he noticed, was
prone to disparage and even to a slight extent with some hilarious
pretext when not present, deprecate him, or whatever you like to call it
which in Bloom’s humble opinion threw a nasty sidelight on that side of
a person’s character, no pun intended.</p>
<p>The horse having reached the end of his tether, so to speak, halted
and, rearing high a proud feathering tail, added his quota by letting
fall on the floor which the brush would soon brush up and polish, three
smoking globes of turds. Slowly three times, one after another, from a
full crupper he mired. And humanely his driver waited till he (or she)
had ended, patient in his scythed car.</p>
<p>Side by side Bloom, profiting by the <em>contretemps</em>, with
Stephen passed through the gap of the chains, divided by the upright,
and, stepping over a strand of mire, went across towards Gardiner street
lower, Stephen singing more boldly, but not loudly, the end of the
ballad.</p>
<p>Und alle Schiffe brücken.</p>
<p>The driver never said a word, good, bad or indifferent, but merely
watched the two figures, as he sat on his lowbacked car, both black, one
full, one lean, walk towards the railway bridge, <em>to be married by
Father Maher</em>. As they walked they at times stopped and walked again
continuing their <em>tête à tête</em> (which, of course, he was utterly
out of) about sirens, enemies of man’s reason, mingled with a number of
other topics of the same category, usurpers, historical cases of the
kind while the man in the sweeper car or you might as well call it in
the sleeper car who in any case couldn’t possibly hear because they were
too far simply sat in his seat near the end of lower Gardiner street
<em>and looked after their lowbacked car</em>.</p>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-24.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-24.htm.html_pgepubid00084"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-24.htm.html_chap17"></span>[ 17
]</h3>
<p>What parallel courses did Bloom and Stephen follow returning?</p>
<p>Starting united both at normal walking pace from Beresford place they
followed in the order named Lower and Middle Gardiner streets and
Mountjoy square, west: then, at reduced pace, each bearing left,
Gardiner’s place by an inadvertence as far as the farther corner of
Temple street: then, at reduced pace with interruptions of halt, bearing
right, Temple street, north, as far as Hardwicke place. Approaching,
disparate, at relaxed walking pace they crossed both the circus before
George’s church diametrically, the chord in any circle being less than
the arc which it subtends.</p>
<p>Of what did the duumvirate deliberate during their itinerary?</p>
<p>Music, literature, Ireland, Dublin, Paris, friendship, woman,
prostitution, diet, the influence of gaslight or the light of arc and
glowlamps on the growth of adjoining paraheliotropic trees, exposed
corporation emergency dustbuckets, the Roman catholic church,
ecclesiastical celibacy, the Irish nation, jesuit education, careers,
the study of medicine, the past day, the maleficent influence of the
presabbath, Stephen’s collapse.</p>
<p>Did Bloom discover common factors of similarity between their
respective like and unlike reactions to experience?</p>
<p>Both were sensitive to artistic impressions, musical in preference to
plastic or pictorial. Both preferred a continental to an insular manner
of life, a cisatlantic to a transatlantic place of residence. Both
indurated by early domestic training and an inherited tenacity of
heterodox resistance professed their disbelief in many orthodox
religious, national, social and ethical doctrines. Both admitted the
alternately stimulating and obtunding influence of heterosexual
magnetism.</p>
<p>Were their views on some points divergent?</p>
<p>Stephen dissented openly from Bloom’s views on the importance of
dietary and civic selfhelp while Bloom dissented tacitly from Stephen’s
views on the eternal affirmation of the spirit of man in literature.
Bloom assented covertly to Stephen’s rectification of the anachronism
involved in assigning the date of the conversion of the Irish nation to
christianity from druidism by Patrick son of Calpornus, son of Potitus,
son of Odyssus, sent by pope Celestine I in the year 432 in the reign of
Leary to the year 260 or thereabouts in the reign of Cormac MacArt (†
266 A.D.), suffocated by imperfect deglutition of aliment at Sletty and
interred at Rossnaree. The collapse which Bloom ascribed to gastric
inanition and certain chemical compounds of varying degrees of
adulteration and alcoholic strength, accelerated by mental exertion and
the velocity of rapid circular motion in a relaxing atmosphere, Stephen
attributed to the reapparition of a matutinal cloud (perceived by both
from two different points of observation Sandycove and Dublin) at first
no bigger than a woman’s hand.</p>
<p>Was there one point on which their views were equal and negative?</p>
<p>The influence of gaslight or electric light on the growth of
adjoining paraheliotropic trees.</p>
<p>Had Bloom discussed similar subjects during nocturnal perambulations
in the past?</p>
<p>In 1884 with Owen Goldberg and Cecil Turnbull at night on public
thoroughfares between Longwood avenue and Leonard’s corner and Leonard’s
corner and Synge street and Synge street and Bloomfield avenue. In 1885
with Percy Apjohn in the evenings, reclined against the wall between
Gibraltar villa and Bloomfield house in Crumlin, barony of Uppercross.
In 1886 occasionally with casual acquaintances and prospective
purchasers on doorsteps, in front parlours, in third class railway
carriages of suburban lines. In 1888 frequently with major Brian Tweedy
and his daughter Miss Marion Tweedy, together and separately on the
lounge in Matthew Dillon’s house in Roundtown. Once in 1892 and once in
1893 with Julius (Juda) Mastiansky, on both occasions in the parlour of
his (Bloom’s) house in Lombard street, west.</p>
<p>What reflection concerning the irregular sequence of dates 1884,
1885, 1886, 1888, 1892, 1893, 1904 did Bloom make before their arrival
at their destination?</p>
<p>He reflected that the progressive extension of the field of
individual development and experience was regressively accompanied by a
restriction of the converse domain of interindividual relations.</p>
<p>As in what ways?</p>
<p>From inexistence to existence he came to many and was as one
received: existence with existence he was with any as any with any: from
existence to nonexistence gone he would be by all as none perceived.</p>
<p>What act did Bloom make on their arrival at their destination?</p>
<p>At the housesteps of the 4th of the equidifferent uneven numbers,
number 7 Eccles street, he inserted his hand mechanically into the back
pocket of his trousers to obtain his latchkey.</p>
<p>Was it there?</p>
<p>It was in the corresponding pocket of the trousers which he had worn
on the day but one preceding.</p>
<p>Why was he doubly irritated?</p>
<p>Because he had forgotten and because he remembered that he had
reminded himself twice not to forget.</p>
<p>What were then the alternatives before the, premeditatedly
(respectively) and inadvertently, keyless couple?</p>
<p>To enter or not to enter. To knock or not to knock.</p>
<p>Bloom’s decision?</p>
<p>A stratagem. Resting his feet on the dwarf wall, he climbed over the
area railings, compressed his hat on his head, grasped two points at the
lower union of rails and stiles, lowered his body gradually by its
length of five feet nine inches and a half to within two feet ten inches
of the area pavement and allowed his body to move freely in space by
separating himself from the railings and crouching in preparation for
the impact of the fall.</p>
<p>Did he fall?</p>
<p>By his body’s known weight of eleven stone and four pounds in
avoirdupois measure, as certified by the graduated machine for
periodical selfweighing in the premises of Francis Froedman,
pharmaceutical chemist of 19 Frederick street, north, on the last feast
of the Ascension, to wit, the twelfth day of May of the bissextile year
one thousand nine hundred and four of the christian era (jewish era five
thousand six hundred and sixtyfour, mohammadan era one thousand three
hundred and twentytwo), golden number 5, epact 13, solar cycle 9,
dominical letters C B, Roman indiction 2, Julian period 6617, MCMIV.</p>
<p>Did he rise uninjured by concussion?</p>
<p>Regaining new stable equilibrium he rose uninjured though concussed
by the impact, raised the latch of the area door by the exertion of
force at its freely moving flange and by leverage of the first kind
applied at its fulcrum, gained retarded access to the kitchen through
the subadjacent scullery, ignited a lucifer match by friction, set free
inflammable coal gas by turning on the ventcock, lit a high flame which,
by regulating, he reduced to quiescent candescence and lit finally a
portable candle.</p>
<p>What discrete succession of images did Stephen meanwhile
perceive?</p>
<p>Reclined against the area railings he perceived through the
transparent kitchen panes a man regulating a gasflame of 14 CP, a man
lighting a candle of 1 CP, a man removing in turn each of his two boots,
a man leaving the kitchen holding a candle.</p>
<p>Did the man reappear elsewhere?</p>
<p>After a lapse of four minutes the glimmer of his candle was
discernible through the semitransparent semicircular glass fanlight over
the halldoor. The halldoor turned gradually on its hinges. In the open
space of the doorway the man reappeared without his hat, with his
candle.</p>
<p>Did Stephen obey his sign?</p>
<p>Yes, entering softly, he helped to close and chain the door and
followed softly along the hallway the man’s back and listed feet and
lighted candle past a lighted crevice of doorway on the left and
carefully down a turning staircase of more than five steps into the
kitchen of Bloom’s house.</p>
<p>What did Bloom do?</p>
<p>He extinguished the candle by a sharp expiration of breath upon its
flame, drew two spoonseat deal chairs to the hearthstone, one for
Stephen with its back to the area window, the other for himself when
necessary, knelt on one knee, composed in the grate a pyre of crosslaid
resintipped sticks and various coloured papers and irregular polygons of
best Abram coal at twentyone shillings a ton from the yard of Messrs
Flower and M’Donald of 14 D’Olier street, kindled it at three projecting
points of paper with one ignited lucifer match, thereby releasing the
potential energy contained in the fuel by allowing its carbon and
hydrogen elements to enter into free union with the oxygen of the
air.</p>
<p>Of what similar apparitions did Stephen think?</p>
<p>Of others elsewhere in other times who, kneeling on one knee or on
two, had kindled fires for him, of Brother Michael in the infirmary of
the college of the Society of Jesus at Clongowes Wood, Sallins, in the
county of Kildare: of his father, Simon Dedalus, in an unfurnished room
of his first residence in Dublin, number thirteen Fitzgibbon street: of
his godmother Miss Kate Morkan in the house of her dying sister Miss
Julia Morkan at 15 Usher’s Island: of his aunt Sara, wife of Richie
(Richard) Goulding, in the kitchen of their lodgings at 62 Clanbrassil
street: of his mother Mary, wife of Simon Dedalus, in the kitchen of
number twelve North Richmond street on the morning of the feast of Saint
Francis Xavier 1898: of the dean of studies, Father Butt, in the
physics’ theatre of university College, 16 Stephen’s Green, north: of
his sister Dilly (Delia) in his father’s house in Cabra.</p>
<p>What did Stephen see on raising his gaze to the height of a yard from
the fire towards the opposite wall?</p>
<p>Under a row of five coiled spring housebells a curvilinear rope,
stretched between two holdfasts athwart across the recess beside the
chimney pier, from which hung four smallsized square handkerchiefs
folded unattached consecutively in adjacent rectangles and one pair of
ladies’ grey hose with Lisle suspender tops and feet in their habitual
position clamped by three erect wooden pegs two at their outer
extremities and the third at their point of junction.</p>
<p>What did Bloom see on the range?</p>
<p>On the right (smaller) hob a blue enamelled saucepan: on the left
(larger) hob a black iron kettle.</p>
<p>What did Bloom do at the range?</p>
<p>He removed the saucepan to the left hob, rose and carried the iron
kettle to the sink in order to tap the current by turning the faucet to
let it flow.</p>
<p>Did it flow?</p>
<p>Yes. From Roundwood reservoir in county Wicklow of a cubic capacity
of 2400 million gallons, percolating through a subterranean aqueduct of
filter mains of single and double pipeage constructed at an initial
plant cost of £ 5 per linear yard by way of the Dargle, Rathdown, Glen
of the Downs and Callowhill to the 26 acre reservoir at Stillorgan, a
distance of 22 statute miles, and thence, through a system of relieving
tanks, by a gradient of 250 feet to the city boundary at Eustace bridge,
upper Leeson street, though from prolonged summer drouth and daily
supply of 12 1/2 million gallons the water had fallen below the sill of
the overflow weir for which reason the borough surveyor and waterworks
engineer, Mr Spencer Harty, C. E., on the instructions of the waterworks
committee had prohibited the use of municipal water for purposes other
than those of consumption (envisaging the possibility of recourse being
had to the impotable water of the Grand and Royal canals as in 1893)
particularly as the South Dublin Guardians, notwithstanding their ration
of 15 gallons per day per pauper supplied through a 6 inch meter, had
been convicted of a wastage of 20,000 gallons per night by a reading of
their meter on the affirmation of the law agent of the corporation, Mr
Ignatius Rice, solicitor, thereby acting to the detriment of another
section of the public, selfsupporting taxpayers, solvent, sound.</p>
<p>What in water did Bloom, waterlover, drawer of water, watercarrier,
returning to the range, admire?</p>
<p>Its universality: its democratic equality and constancy to its nature
in seeking its own level: its vastness in the ocean of Mercator’s
projection: its unplumbed profundity in the Sundam trench of the Pacific
exceeding 8000 fathoms: the restlessness of its waves and surface
particles visiting in turn all points of its seaboard: the independence
of its units: the variability of states of sea: its hydrostatic
quiescence in calm: its hydrokinetic turgidity in neap and spring tides:
its subsidence after devastation: its sterility in the circumpolar
icecaps, arctic and antarctic: its climatic and commercial significance:
its preponderance of 3 to 1 over the dry land of the globe: its
indisputable hegemony extending in square leagues over all the region
below the subequatorial tropic of Capricorn: the multisecular stability
of its primeval basin: its luteofulvous bed: its capacity to dissolve
and hold in solution all soluble substances including millions of tons
of the most precious metals: its slow erosions of peninsulas and
islands, its persistent formation of homothetic islands, peninsulas and
downwardtending promontories: its alluvial deposits: its weight and
volume and density: its imperturbability in lagoons and highland tarns:
its gradation of colours in the torrid and temperate and frigid zones:
its vehicular ramifications in continental lakecontained streams and
confluent oceanflowing rivers with their tributaries and transoceanic
currents, gulfstream, north and south equatorial courses: its violence
in seaquakes, waterspouts, Artesian wells, eruptions, torrents, eddies,
freshets, spates, groundswells, watersheds, waterpartings, geysers,
cataracts, whirlpools, maelstroms, inundations, deluges, cloudbursts:
its vast circumterrestrial ahorizontal curve: its secrecy in springs and
latent humidity, revealed by rhabdomantic or hygrometric instruments and
exemplified by the well by the hole in the wall at Ashtown gate,
saturation of air, distillation of dew: the simplicity of its
composition, two constituent parts of hydrogen with one constituent part
of oxygen: its healing virtues: its buoyancy in the waters of the Dead
Sea: its persevering penetrativeness in runnels, gullies, inadequate
dams, leaks on shipboard: its properties for cleansing, quenching thirst
and fire, nourishing vegetation: its infallibility as paradigm and
paragon: its metamorphoses as vapour, mist, cloud, rain, sleet, snow,
hail: its strength in rigid hydrants: its variety of forms in loughs and
bays and gulfs and bights and guts and lagoons and atolls and
archipelagos and sounds and fjords and minches and tidal estuaries and
arms of sea: its solidity in glaciers, icebergs, icefloes: its docility
in working hydraulic millwheels, turbines, dynamos, electric power
stations, bleachworks, tanneries, scutchmills: its utility in canals,
rivers, if navigable, floating and graving docks: its potentiality
derivable from harnessed tides or watercourses falling from level to
level: its submarine fauna and flora (anacoustic, photophobe),
numerically, if not literally, the inhabitants of the globe: its
ubiquity as constituting 90 % of the human body: the noxiousness of its
effluvia in lacustrine marshes, pestilential fens, faded flowerwater,
stagnant pools in the waning moon.</p>
<p>Having set the halffilled kettle on the now burning coals, why did he
return to the stillflowing tap?</p>
<p>To wash his soiled hands with a partially consumed tablet of
Barrington’s lemonflavoured soap, to which paper still adhered, (bought
thirteen hours previously for fourpence and still unpaid for), in fresh
cold neverchanging everchanging water and dry them, face and hands, in a
long redbordered holland cloth passed over a wooden revolving
roller.</p>
<p>What reason did Stephen give for declining Bloom’s offer?</p>
<p>That he was hydrophobe, hating partial contact by immersion or total
by submersion in cold water, (his last bath having taken place in the
month of October of the preceding year), disliking the aqueous
substances of glass and crystal, distrusting aquacities of thought and
language.</p>
<p>What impeded Bloom from giving Stephen counsels of hygiene and
prophylactic to which should be added suggestions concerning a
preliminary wetting of the head and contraction of the muscles with
rapid splashing of the face and neck and thoracic and epigastric region
in case of sea or river bathing, the parts of the human anatomy most
sensitive to cold being the nape, stomach and thenar or sole of
foot?</p>
<p>The incompatibility of aquacity with the erratic originality of
genius.</p>
<p>What additional didactic counsels did he similarly repress?</p>
<p>Dietary: concerning the respective percentage of protein and caloric
energy in bacon, salt ling and butter, the absence of the former in the
lastnamed and the abundance of the latter in the firstnamed.</p>
<p>Which seemed to the host to be the predominant qualities of his
guest?</p>
<p>Confidence in himself, an equal and opposite power of abandonment and
recuperation.</p>
<p>What concomitant phenomenon took place in the vessel of liquid by the
agency of fire?</p>
<p>The phenomenon of ebullition. Fanned by a constant updraught of
ventilation between the kitchen and the chimneyflue, ignition was
communicated from the faggots of precombustible fuel to polyhedral
masses of bituminous coal, containing in compressed mineral form the
foliated fossilised decidua of primeval forests which had in turn
derived their vegetative existence from the sun, primal source of heat
(radiant), transmitted through omnipresent luminiferous diathermanous
ether. Heat (convected), a mode of motion developed by such combustion,
was constantly and increasingly conveyed from the source of
calorification to the liquid contained in the vessel, being radiated
through the uneven unpolished dark surface of the metal iron, in part
reflected, in part absorbed, in part transmitted, gradually raising the
temperature of the water from normal to boiling point, a rise in
temperature expressible as the result of an expenditure of 72 thermal
units needed to raise 1 pound of water from 50° to 212° Fahrenheit.</p>
<p>What announced the accomplishment of this rise in temperature?</p>
<p>A double falciform ejection of water vapour from under the kettlelid
at both sides simultaneously.</p>
<p>For what personal purpose could Bloom have applied the water so
boiled?</p>
<p>To shave himself.</p>
<p>What advantages attended shaving by night?</p>
<p>A softer beard: a softer brush if intentionally allowed to remain
from shave to shave in its agglutinated lather: a softer skin if
unexpectedly encountering female acquaintances in remote places at
incustomary hours: quiet reflections upon the course of the day: a
cleaner sensation when awaking after a fresher sleep since matutinal
noises, premonitions and perturbations, a clattered milkcan, a postman’s
double knock, a paper read, reread while lathering, relathering the same
spot, a shock, a shoot, with thought of aught he sought though fraught
with nought might cause a faster rate of shaving and a nick on which
incision plaster with precision cut and humected and applied adhered:
which was to be done.</p>
<p>Why did absence of light disturb him less than presence of noise?</p>
<p>Because of the surety of the sense of touch in his firm full
masculine feminine passive active hand.</p>
<p>What quality did it (his hand) possess but with what counteracting
influence?</p>
<p>The operative surgical quality but that he was reluctant to shed
human blood even when the end justified the means, preferring, in their
natural order, heliotherapy, psychophysicotherapeutics, osteopathic
surgery.</p>
<p>What lay under exposure on the lower, middle and upper shelves of the
kitchen dresser, opened by Bloom?</p>
<p>On the lower shelf five vertical breakfast plates, six horizontal
breakfast saucers on which rested inverted breakfast cups, a
moustachecup, uninverted, and saucer of Crown Derby, four white
goldrimmed eggcups, an open shammy purse displaying coins, mostly
copper, and a phial of aromatic (violet) comfits. On the middle shelf a
chipped eggcup containing pepper, a drum of table salt, four
conglomerated black olives in oleaginous paper, an empty pot of
Plumtree’s potted meat, an oval wicker basket bedded with fibre and
containing one Jersey pear, a halfempty bottle of William Gilbey and
Co’s white invalid port, half disrobed of its swathe of coralpink tissue
paper, a packet of Epps’s soluble cocoa, five ounces of Anne Lynch’s
choice tea at 2/- per lb in a crinkled leadpaper bag, a cylindrical
canister containing the best crystallised lump sugar, two onions, one,
the larger, Spanish, entire, the other, smaller, Irish, bisected with
augmented surface and more redolent, a jar of Irish Model Dairy’s cream,
a jug of brown crockery containing a naggin and a quarter of soured
adulterated milk, converted by heat into water, acidulous serum and
semisolidified curds, which added to the quantity subtracted for Mr
Bloom’s and Mrs Fleming’s breakfasts, made one imperial pint, the total
quantity originally delivered, two cloves, a halfpenny and a small dish
containing a slice of fresh ribsteak. On the upper shelf a battery of
jamjars (empty) of various sizes and proveniences.</p>
<p>What attracted his attention lying on the apron of the dresser?</p>
<p>Four polygonal fragments of two lacerated scarlet betting tickets,
numbered 8 87, 88 6.</p>
<p>What reminiscences temporarily corrugated his brow?</p>
<p>Reminiscences of coincidences, truth stranger than fiction,
preindicative of the result of the Gold Cup flat handicap, the official
and definitive result of which he had read in the <em>Evening
Telegraph</em>, late pink edition, in the cabman’s shelter, at Butt
bridge.</p>
<p>Where had previous intimations of the result, effected or projected,
been received by him?</p>
<p>In Bernard Kiernan’s licensed premises 8, 9 and 10 little Britain
street: in David Byrne’s licensed premises, 14 Duke street: in O’Connell
street lower, outside Graham Lemon’s when a dark man had placed in his
hand a throwaway (subsequently thrown away), advertising Elijah,
restorer of the church in Zion: in Lincoln place outside the premises of
F. W. Sweny and Co (Limited), dispensing chemists, when, when Frederick
M. (Bantam) Lyons had rapidly and successively requested, perused and
restituted the copy of the current issue of the <em>Freeman’s
Journal</em> and <em>National Press</em> which he had been about to
throw away (subsequently thrown away), he had proceeded towards the
oriental edifice of the Turkish and Warm Baths, 11 Leinster street, with
the light of inspiration shining in his countenance and bearing in his
arms the secret of the race, graven in the language of prediction.</p>
<p>What qualifying considerations allayed his perturbations?</p>
<p>The difficulties of interpretation since the significance of any
event followed its occurrence as variably as the acoustic report
followed the electrical discharge and of counterestimating against an
actual loss by failure to interpret the total sum of possible losses
proceeding originally from a successful interpretation.</p>
<p>His mood?</p>
<p>He had not risked, he did not expect, he had not been disappointed,
he was satisfied.</p>
<p>What satisfied him?</p>
<p>To have sustained no positive loss. To have brought a positive gain
to others. Light to the gentiles.</p>
<p>How did Bloom prepare a collation for a gentile?</p>
<p>He poured into two teacups two level spoonfuls, four in all, of
Epps’s soluble cocoa and proceeded according to the directions for use
printed on the label, to each adding after sufficient time for infusion
the prescribed ingredients for diffusion in the manner and in the
quantity prescribed.</p>
<p>What supererogatory marks of special hospitality did the host show
his guest?</p>
<p>Relinquishing his symposiarchal right to the moustache cup of
imitation Crown Derby presented to him by his only daughter, Millicent
(Milly), he substituted a cup identical with that of his guest and
served extraordinarily to his guest and, in reduced measure, to himself
the viscous cream ordinarily reserved for the breakfast of his wife
Marion (Molly).</p>
<p>Was the guest conscious of and did he acknowledge these marks of
hospitality?</p>
<p>His attention was directed to them by his host jocosely, and he
accepted them seriously as they drank in jocoserious silence Epps’s
massproduct, the creature cocoa.</p>
<p>Were there marks of hospitality which he contemplated but suppressed,
reserving them for another and for himself on future occasions to
complete the act begun?</p>
<p>The reparation of a fissure of the length of 1 1/2 inches in the
right side of his guest’s jacket. A gift to his guest of one of the four
lady’s handkerchiefs, if and when ascertained to be in a presentable
condition.</p>
<p>Who drank more quickly?</p>
<p>Bloom, having the advantage of ten seconds at the initiation and
taking, from the concave surface of a spoon along the handle of which a
steady flow of heat was conducted, three sips to his opponent’s one, six
to two, nine to three.</p>
<p>What cerebration accompanied his frequentative act?</p>
<p>Concluding by inspection but erroneously that his silent companion
was engaged in mental composition he reflected on the pleasures derived
from literature of instruction rather than of amusement as he himself
had applied to the works of William Shakespeare more than once for the
solution of difficult problems in imaginary or real life.</p>
<p>Had he found their solution?</p>
<p>In spite of careful and repeated reading of certain classical
passages, aided by a glossary, he had derived imperfect conviction from
the text, the answers not bearing in all points.</p>
<p>What lines concluded his first piece of original verse written by
him, potential poet, at the age of 11 in 1877 on the occasion of the
offering of three prizes of 10/-, 5/- and 2/6 respectively for
competition by the <em>Shamrock</em>, a weekly newspaper?</p>
<p>An ambition to squint<br />
At my verses in print<br />
Makes me hope that for these you’ll find room.<br />
If you so condescend<br />
Then please place at the end<br />
The name of yours truly, L. Bloom.</p>
<p>Did he find four separating forces between his temporary guest and
him?</p>
<p>Name, age, race, creed.</p>
<p>What anagrams had he made on his name in youth?</p>
<p>Leopold Bloom<br />
Ellpodbomool<br />
Molldopeloob<br />
Bollopedoom<br />
Old Ollebo, M. P.</p>
<p>What acrostic upon the abbreviation of his first name had he (kinetic
poet) sent to Miss Marion (Molly) Tweedy on the 14 February 1888?</p>
<p><strong>P</strong>oets oft have sung in rhyme<br />
<strong>O</strong>f music sweet their praise divine.<br />
<strong>L</strong>et them hymn it nine times nine.<br />
<strong>D</strong>earer far than song or wine.<br />
<strong>Y</strong>ou are mine. The world is mine.</p>
<p>What had prevented him from completing a topical song (music by R. G.
Johnston) on the events of the past, or fixtures for the actual, years,
entitled <em>If Brian Boru could but come back and see old Dublin
now</em>, commissioned by Michael Gunn, lessee of the Gaiety Theatre,
46, 47, 48, 49 South King street, and to be introduced into the sixth
scene, the valley of diamonds, of the second edition (30 January 1893)
of the grand annual Christmas pantomime <em>Sinbad the Sailor</em>
(produced by R. Shelton 26 December 1892, written by Greenleaf Whittier,
scenery by George A. Jackson and Cecil Hicks, costumes by Mrs and Miss
Whelan under the personal supervision of Mrs Michael Gunn, ballets by
Jessie Noir, harlequinade by Thomas Otto) and sung by Nelly Bouverist,
principal girl?</p>
<p>Firstly, oscillation between events of imperial and of local
interest, the anticipated diamond jubilee of Queen Victoria (born 1820,
acceded 1837) and the posticipated opening of the new municipal fish
market: secondly, apprehension of opposition from extreme circles on the
questions of the respective visits of Their Royal Highnesses the duke
and duchess of York (real) and of His Majesty King Brian Boru
(imaginary): thirdly, a conflict between professional etiquette and
professional emulation concerning the recent erections of the Grand
Lyric Hall on Burgh Quay and the Theatre Royal in Hawkins street:
fourthly, distraction resultant from compassion for Nelly Bouverist’s
non-intellectual, non-political, non-topical expression of countenance
and concupiscence caused by Nelly Bouverist’s revelations of white
articles of non-intellectual, non-political, non-topical underclothing
while she (Nelly Bouverist) was in the articles: fifthly, the
difficulties of the selection of appropriate music and humorous
allusions from <em>Everybody’s Book of Jokes</em> (1000 pages and a
laugh in every one): sixthly, the rhymes, homophonous and cacophonous,
associated with the names of the new lord mayor, Daniel Tallon, the new
high sheriff, Thomas Pile and the new solicitorgeneral, Dunbar Plunket
Barton.</p>
<p>What relation existed between their ages?</p>
<p>16 years before in 1888 when Bloom was of Stephen’s present age
Stephen was 6. 16 years after in 1920 when Stephen would be of Bloom’s
present age Bloom would be 54. In 1936 when Bloom would be 70 and
Stephen 54 their ages initially in the ratio of 16 to 0 would be as 17
1/2 to 13 1/2, the proportion increasing and the disparity diminishing
according as arbitrary future years were added, for if the proportion
existing in 1883 had continued immutable, conceiving that to be
possible, till then 1904 when Stephen was 22 Bloom would be 374 and in
1920 when Stephen would be 38, as Bloom then was, Bloom would be 646
while in 1952 when Stephen would have attained the maximum postdiluvian
age of 70 Bloom, being 1190 years alive having been born in the year
714, would have surpassed by 221 years the maximum antediluvian age,
that of Methusalah, 969 years, while, if Stephen would continue to live
until he would attain that age in the year 3072 A.D., Bloom would have
been obliged to have been alive 83,300 years, having been obliged to
have been born in the year 81,396 B.C.</p>
<p>What events might nullify these calculations?</p>
<p>The cessation of existence of both or either, the inauguration of a
new era or calendar, the annihilation of the world and consequent
extermination of the human species, inevitable but impredictable.</p>
<p>How many previous encounters proved their preexisting
acquaintance?</p>
<p>Two. The first in the lilacgarden of Matthew Dillon’s house, Medina
Villa, Kimmage road, Roundtown, in 1887, in the company of Stephen’s
mother, Stephen being then of the age of 5 and reluctant to give his
hand in salutation. The second in the coffeeroom of Breslin’s hotel on a
rainy Sunday in the January of 1892, in the company of Stephen’s father
and Stephen’s granduncle, Stephen being then 5 years older.</p>
<p>Did Bloom accept the invitation to dinner given then by the son and
afterwards seconded by the father?</p>
<p>Very gratefully, with grateful appreciation, with sincere
appreciative gratitude, in appreciatively grateful sincerity of regret,
he declined.</p>
<p>Did their conversation on the subject of these reminiscences reveal a
third connecting link between them?</p>
<p>Mrs Riordan (Dante), a widow of independent means, had resided in the
house of Stephen’s parents from 1 September 1888 to 29 December 1891 and
had also resided during the years 1892, 1893 and 1894 in the City Arms
Hotel owned by Elizabeth O’Dowd of 54 Prussia street where, during parts
of the years 1893 and 1894, she had been a constant informant of Bloom
who resided also in the same hotel, being at that time a clerk in the
employment of Joseph Cuffe of 5 Smithfield for the superintendence of
sales in the adjacent Dublin Cattle market on the North Circular
road.</p>
<p>Had he performed any special corporal work of mercy for her?</p>
<p>He had sometimes propelled her on warm summer evenings, an infirm
widow of independent, if limited, means, in her convalescent bathchair
with slow revolutions of its wheels as far as the corner of the North
Circular road opposite Mr Gavin Low’s place of business where she had
remained for a certain time scanning through his onelensed binocular
fieldglasses unrecognisable citizens on tramcars, roadster bicycles
equipped with inflated pneumatic tyres, hackney carriages, tandems,
private and hired landaus, dogcarts, ponytraps and brakes passing from
the city to the Phoenix Park and <em>vice versa</em>.</p>
<p>Why could he then support that his vigil with the greater
equanimity?</p>
<p>Because in middle youth he had often sat observing through a rondel
of bossed glass of a multicoloured pane the spectacle offered with
continual changes of the thoroughfare without, pedestrians, quadrupeds,
velocipedes, vehicles, passing slowly, quickly, evenly, round and round
and round the rim of a round and round precipitous globe.</p>
<p>What distinct different memories had each of her now eight years
deceased?</p>
<p>The older, her bezique cards and counters, her Skye terrier, her
suppositious wealth, her lapses of responsiveness and incipient
catarrhal deafness: the younger, her lamp of colza oil before the statue
of the Immaculate Conception, her green and maroon brushes for Charles
Stewart Parnell and for Michael Davitt, her tissue papers.</p>
<p>Were there no means still remaining to him to achieve the
rejuvenation which these reminiscences divulged to a younger companion
rendered the more desirable?</p>
<p>The indoor exercises, formerly intermittently practised, subsequently
abandoned, prescribed in Eugen Sandow’s <em>Physical Strength and How to
Obtain It</em> which, designed particularly for commercial men engaged
in sedentary occupations, were to be made with mental concentration in
front of a mirror so as to bring into play the various families of
muscles and produce successively a pleasant rigidity, a more pleasant
relaxation and the most pleasant repristination of juvenile agility.</p>
<p>Had any special agility been his in earlier youth?</p>
<p>Though ringweight lifting had been beyond his strength and the full
circle gyration beyond his courage yet as a High school scholar he had
excelled in his stable and protracted execution of the half lever
movement on the parallel bars in consequence of his abnormally developed
abdominal muscles.</p>
<p>Did either openly allude to their racial difference?</p>
<p>Neither.</p>
<p>What, reduced to their simplest reciprocal form, were Bloom’s
thoughts about Stephen’s thoughts about Bloom and about Stephen’s
thoughts about Bloom’s thoughts about Stephen?</p>
<p>He thought that he thought that he was a jew whereas he knew that he
knew that he knew that he was not.</p>
<p>What, the enclosures of reticence removed, were their respective
parentages?</p>
<p>Bloom, only born male transubstantial heir of Rudolf Virag
(subsequently Rudolph Bloom) of Szombathely, Vienna, Budapest, Milan,
London and Dublin and of Ellen Higgins, second daughter of Julius
Higgins (born Karoly) and Fanny Higgins (born Hegarty). Stephen, eldest
surviving male consubstantial heir of Simon Dedalus of Cork and Dublin
and of Mary, daughter of Richard and Christina Goulding (born
Grier).</p>
<p>Had Bloom and Stephen been baptised, and where and by whom, cleric or
layman?</p>
<p>Bloom (three times), by the reverend Mr Gilmer Johnston M. A., alone,
in the protestant church of Saint Nicholas Without, Coombe, by James
O’Connor, Philip Gilligan and James Fitzpatrick, together, under a pump
in the village of Swords, and by the reverend Charles Malone C. C., in
the church of the Three Patrons, Rathgar. Stephen (once) by the reverend
Charles Malone C. C., alone, in the church of the Three Patrons,
Rathgar.</p>
<p>Did they find their educational careers similar?</p>
<p>Substituting Stephen for Bloom Stoom would have passed successively
through a dame’s school and the high school. Substituting Bloom for
Stephen Blephen would have passed successively through the preparatory,
junior, middle and senior grades of the intermediate and through the
matriculation, first arts, second arts and arts degree courses of the
royal university.</p>
<p>Why did Bloom refrain from stating that he had frequented the
university of life?</p>
<p>Because of his fluctuating incertitude as to whether this observation
had or had not been already made by him to Stephen or by Stephen to
him.</p>
<p>What two temperaments did they individually represent?</p>
<p>The scientific. The artistic.</p>
<p>What proofs did Bloom adduce to prove that his tendency was towards
applied, rather than towards pure, science?</p>
<p>Certain possible inventions of which he had cogitated when reclining
in a state of supine repletion to aid digestion, stimulated by his
appreciation of the importance of inventions now common but once
revolutionary, for example, the aeronautic parachute, the reflecting
telescope, the spiral corkscrew, the safety pin, the mineral water
siphon, the canal lock with winch and sluice, the suction pump.</p>
<p>Were these inventions principally intended for an improved scheme of
kindergarten?</p>
<p>Yes, rendering obsolete popguns, elastic airbladders, games of
hazard, catapults. They comprised astronomical kaleidoscopes exhibiting
the twelve constellations of the zodiac from Aries to Pisces, miniature
mechanical orreries, arithmetical gelatine lozenges, geometrical to
correspond with zoological biscuits, globemap playing balls,
historically costumed dolls.</p>
<p>What also stimulated him in his cogitations?</p>
<p>The financial success achieved by Ephraim Marks and Charles A. James,
the former by his 1d bazaar at 42 George’s street, south, the latter at
his 6 1/2d shop and world’s fancy fair and waxwork exhibition at 30
Henry street, admission 2d, children 1d: and the infinite possibilities
hitherto unexploited of the modern art of advertisement if condensed in
triliteral monoideal symbols, vertically of maximum visibility
(divined), horizontally of maximum legibility (deciphered) and of
magnetising efficacy to arrest involuntary attention, to interest, to
convince, to decide.</p>
<p>Such as?</p>
<p>K. 11. Kino’s 11/— Trousers.</p>
<p>House of Keys. Alexander J. Keyes.</p>
<p>Such as not?</p>
<p>Look at this long candle. Calculate when it burns out and you receive
gratis 1 pair of our special non-compo boots, guaranteed 1 candle power.
Address: Barclay and Cook, 18 Talbot street.<br />
Bacilikil (Insect Powder).<br />
Veribest (Boot Blacking).<br />
Uwantit (Combined pocket twoblade penknife with corkscrew, nailfile and
pipecleaner).</p>
<p>Such as never?</p>
<p>What is home without Plumtree’s Potted Meat?<br />
Incomplete.<br />
With it an abode of bliss.<br />
Manufactured by George Plumtree, 23 Merchants’ quay, Dublin, put up in 4
oz pots, and inserted by Councillor Joseph P. Nannetti, M. P., Rotunda
Ward, 19 Hardwicke street, under the obituary notices and anniversaries
of deceases. The name on the label is Plumtree. A plumtree in a meatpot,
registered trade mark. Beware of imitations. Peatmot. Trumplee. Moutpat.
Plamtroo.</p>
<p>Which example did he adduce to induce Stephen to deduce that
originality, though producing its own reward, does not invariably
conduce to success?</p>
<p>His own ideated and rejected project of an illuminated showcart,
drawn by a beast of burden, in which two smartly dressed girls were to
be seated engaged in writing.</p>
<p>What suggested scene was then constructed by Stephen?</p>
<p>Solitary hotel in mountain pass. Autumn. Twilight. Fire lit. In dark
corner young man seated. Young woman enters. Restless. Solitary. She
sits. She goes to window. She stands. She sits. Twilight. She thinks. On
solitary hotel paper she writes. She thinks. She writes. She sighs.
Wheels and hoofs. She hurries out. He comes from his dark corner. He
seizes solitary paper. He holds it towards fire. Twilight. He reads.
Solitary.</p>
<p>What?</p>
<p>In sloping, upright and backhands: Queen’s Hotel, Queen’s Hotel,
Queen’s Hotel. Queen’s Ho...</p>
<p>What suggested scene was then reconstructed by Bloom?</p>
<p>The Queen’s Hotel, Ennis, county Clare, where Rudolph Bloom (Rudolf
Virag) died on the evening of the 27 June 1886, at some hour unstated,
in consequence of an overdose of monkshood (aconite) selfadministered in
the form of a neuralgic liniment composed of 2 parts of aconite liniment
to 1 of chloroform liniment (purchased by him at 10.20 a.m. on the
morning of 27 June 1886 at the medical hall of Francis Dennehy, 17
Church street, Ennis) after having, though not in consequence of having,
purchased at 3.15 p.m. on the afternoon of 27 June 1886 a new boater
straw hat, extra smart (after having, though not in consequence of
having, purchased at the hour and in the place aforesaid, the toxin
aforesaid), at the general drapery store of James Cullen, 4 Main street,
Ennis.</p>
<p>Did he attribute this homonymity to information or coincidence or
intuition?</p>
<p>Coincidence.</p>
<p>Did he depict the scene verbally for his guest to see?</p>
<p>He preferred himself to see another’s face and listen to another’s
words by which potential narration was realised and kinetic temperament
relieved.</p>
<p>Did he see only a second coincidence in the second scene narrated to
him, described by the narrator as <em>A Pisgah Sight of Palestine</em>
or <em>The Parable of the Plums</em>?</p>
<p>It, with the preceding scene and with others unnarrated but existent
by implication, to which add essays on various subjects or moral
apothegms (e.g. <em>My Favourite Hero</em> or <em>Procrastination is the
Thief of Time</em>) composed during schoolyears, seemed to him to
contain in itself and in conjunction with the personal equation certain
possibilities of financial, social, personal and sexual success, whether
specially collected and selected as model pedagogic themes (of cent per
cent merit) for the use of preparatory and junior grade students or
contributed in printed form, following the precedent of Philip Beaufoy
or Doctor Dick or Heblon’s <em>Studies in Blue</em>, to a publication of
certified circulation and solvency or employed verbally as intellectual
stimulation for sympathetic auditors, tacitly appreciative of successful
narrative and confidently augurative of successful achievement, during
the increasingly longer nights gradually following the summer solstice
on the day but three following, videlicet, Tuesday, 21 June (S. Aloysius
Gonzaga), sunrise 3.33 a.m., sunset 8.29 p.m.</p>
<p>Which domestic problem as much as, if not more than, any other
frequently engaged his mind?</p>
<p>What to do with our wives.</p>
<p>What had been his hypothetical singular solutions?</p>
<p>Parlour games (dominos, halma, tiddledywinks, spilikins, cup and
ball, nap, spoil five, bezique, twentyfive, beggar my neighbour,
draughts, chess or backgammon): embroidery, darning or knitting for the
policeaided clothing society: musical duets, mandoline and guitar, piano
and flute, guitar and piano: legal scrivenery or envelope addressing:
biweekly visits to variety entertainments: commercial activity as
pleasantly commanding and pleasingly obeyed mistress proprietress in a
cool dairy shop or warm cigar divan: the clandestine satisfaction of
erotic irritation in masculine brothels, state inspected and medically
controlled: social visits, at regular infrequent prevented intervals and
with regular frequent preventive superintendence, to and from female
acquaintances of recognised respectability in the vicinity: courses of
evening instruction specially designed to render liberal instruction
agreeable.</p>
<p>What instances of deficient mental development in his wife inclined
him in favour of the lastmentioned (ninth) solution?</p>
<p>In disoccupied moments she had more than once covered a sheet of
paper with signs and hieroglyphics which she stated were Greek and Irish
and Hebrew characters. She had interrogated constantly at varying
intervals as to the correct method of writing the capital initial of the
name of a city in Canada, Quebec. She understood little of political
complications, internal, or balance of power, external. In calculating
the addenda of bills she frequently had recourse to digital aid. After
completion of laconic epistolary compositions she abandoned the
implement of calligraphy in the encaustic pigment, exposed to the
corrosive action of copperas, green vitriol and nutgall. Unusual
polysyllables of foreign origin she interpreted phonetically or by false
analogy or by both: metempsychosis (met him pike hoses), <em>alias</em>
(a mendacious person mentioned in sacred scripture).</p>
<p>What compensated in the false balance of her intelligence for these
and such deficiencies of judgment regarding persons, places and
things?</p>
<p>The false apparent parallelism of all perpendicular arms of all
balances, proved true by construction. The counterbalance of her
proficiency of judgment regarding one person, proved true by
experiment.</p>
<p>How had he attempted to remedy this state of comparative
ignorance?</p>
<p>Variously. By leaving in a conspicuous place a certain book open at a
certain page: by assuming in her, when alluding explanatorily, latent
knowledge: by open ridicule in her presence of some absent other’s
ignorant lapse.</p>
<p>With what success had he attempted direct instruction?</p>
<p>She followed not all, a part of the whole, gave attention with
interest comprehended with surprise, with care repeated, with greater
difficulty remembered, forgot with ease, with misgiving reremembered,
rerepeated with error.</p>
<p>What system had proved more effective?</p>
<p>Indirect suggestion implicating selfinterest.</p>
<p>Example?</p>
<p>She disliked umbrella with rain, he liked woman with umbrella, she
disliked new hat with rain, he liked woman with new hat, he bought new
hat with rain, she carried umbrella with new hat.</p>
<p>Accepting the analogy implied in his guest’s parable which examples
of postexilic eminence did he adduce?</p>
<p>Three seekers of the pure truth, Moses of Egypt, Moses Maimonides,
author of <em>More Nebukim</em> (Guide of the Perplexed) and Moses
Mendelssohn of such eminence that from Moses (of Egypt) to Moses
(Mendelssohn) there arose none like Moses (Maimonides).</p>
<p>What statement was made, under correction, by Bloom concerning a
fourth seeker of pure truth, by name Aristotle, mentioned, with
permission, by Stephen?</p>
<p>That the seeker mentioned had been a pupil of a rabbinical
philosopher, name uncertain.</p>
<p>Were other anapocryphal illustrious sons of the law and children of a
selected or rejected race mentioned?</p>
<p>Felix Bartholdy Mendelssohn (composer), Baruch Spinoza (philosopher),
Mendoza (pugilist), Ferdinand Lassalle (reformer, duellist).</p>
<p>What fragments of verse from the ancient Hebrew and ancient Irish
languages were cited with modulations of voice and translation of texts
by guest to host and by host to guest?</p>
<p>By Stephen: <em>suil, suil, suil arun, suil go siocair agus suil go
cuin</em> (walk, walk, walk your way, walk in safety, walk with
care).</p>
<p>By Bloom: <em>Kifeloch, harimon rakatejch m’baad l’zamatejch</em>
(thy temple amid thy hair is as a slice of pomegranate).</p>
<p>How was a glyphic comparison of the phonic symbols of both languages
made in substantiation of the oral comparison?</p>
<p>By juxtaposition. On the penultimate blank page of a book of inferior
literary style, entituled <em>Sweets of Sin</em> (produced by Bloom and
so manipulated that its front cover came in contact with the surface of
the table) with a pencil (supplied by Stephen) Stephen wrote the Irish
characters for gee, eh, dee, em, simple and modified, and Bloom in turn
wrote the Hebrew characters ghimel, aleph, daleth and (in the absence of
mem) a substituted qoph, explaining their arithmetical values as ordinal
and cardinal numbers, videlicet 3, 1, 4, and 100.</p>
<p>Was the knowledge possessed by both of each of these languages, the
extinct and the revived, theoretical or practical?</p>
<p>Theoretical, being confined to certain grammatical rules of accidence
and syntax and practically excluding vocabulary.</p>
<p>What points of contact existed between these languages and between
the peoples who spoke them?</p>
<p>The presence of guttural sounds, diacritic aspirations, epenthetic
and servile letters in both languages: their antiquity, both having been
taught on the plain of Shinar 242 years after the deluge in the seminary
instituted by Fenius Farsaigh, descendant of Noah, progenitor of Israel,
and ascendant of Heber and Heremon, progenitors of Ireland: their
archaeological, genealogical, hagiographical, exegetical, homiletic,
toponomastic, historical and religious literatures comprising the works
of rabbis and culdees, Torah, Talmud (Mischna and Ghemara), Massor,
Pentateuch, Book of the Dun Cow, Book of Ballymote, Garland of Howth,
Book of Kells: their dispersal, persecution, survival and revival: the
isolation of their synagogical and ecclesiastical rites in ghetto (S.
Mary’s Abbey) and masshouse (Adam and Eve’s tavern): the proscription of
their national costumes in penal laws and jewish dress acts: the
restoration in Chanah David of Zion and the possibility of Irish
political autonomy or devolution.</p>
<p>What anthem did Bloom chant partially in anticipation of that
multiple, ethnically irreducible consummation?</p>
<p>Kolod balejwaw pnimah<br />
Nefesch, jehudi, homijah.</p>
<p>Why was the chant arrested at the conclusion of this first
distich?</p>
<p>In consequence of defective mnemotechnic.</p>
<p>How did the chanter compensate for this deficiency?</p>
<p>By a periphrastic version of the general text.</p>
<p>In what common study did their mutual reflections merge?</p>
<p>The increasing simplification traceable from the Egyptian epigraphic
hieroglyphs to the Greek and Roman alphabets and the anticipation of
modern stenography and telegraphic code in the cuneiform inscriptions
(Semitic) and the virgular quinquecostate ogham writing (Celtic).</p>
<p>Did the guest comply with his host’s request?</p>
<p>Doubly, by appending his signature in Irish and Roman characters.</p>
<p>What was Stephen’s auditive sensation?</p>
<p>He heard in a profound ancient male unfamiliar melody the
accumulation of the past.</p>
<p>What was Bloom’s visual sensation?</p>
<p>He saw in a quick young male familiar form the predestination of a
future.</p>
<p>What were Stephen’s and Bloom’s quasisimultaneous volitional
quasisensations of concealed identities?</p>
<p>Visually, Stephen’s: The traditional figure of hypostasis, depicted
by Johannes Damascenus, Lentulus Romanus and Epiphanius Monachus as
leucodermic, sesquipedalian with winedark hair.</p>
<p>Auditively, Bloom’s: The traditional accent of the ecstasy of
catastrophe.</p>
<p>What future careers had been possible for Bloom in the past and with
what exemplars?</p>
<p>In the church, Roman, Anglican or Nonconformist: exemplars, the very
reverend John Conmee S. J., the reverend T. Salmon, D. D., provost of
Trinity college, Dr Alexander J. Dowie. At the bar, English or Irish:
exemplars, Seymour Bushe, K. C., Rufus Isaacs, K. C. On the stage,
modern or Shakespearean: exemplars, Charles Wyndham, high comedian,
Osmond Tearle († 1901), exponent of Shakespeare.</p>
<p>Did the host encourage his guest to chant in a modulated voice a
strange legend on an allied theme?</p>
<p>Reassuringly, their place, where none could hear them talk, being
secluded, reassured, the decocted beverages, allowing for subsolid
residual sediment of a mechanical mixture, water plus sugar plus cream
plus cocoa, having been consumed.</p>
<p>Recite the first (major) part of this chanted legend.</p>
<p>Little Harry Hughes and his schoolfellows all<br />
Went out for to play ball.<br />
And the very first ball little Harry Hughes played<br />
He drove it o’er the jew’s garden wall.<br />
And the very second ball little Harry Hughes played<br />
He broke the jew’s windows all.</p>
</section>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-25.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-25.htm.html_pgepubid00084"
class="chapter">
<div class="fig" style="width:80%;">
<span
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-25.htm.html_img_images_littleharryhughes.jpg"
style="width:100%;">littleharryhughes</span><br />
<br />

</div>
<p>How did the son of Rudolph receive this first part?</p>
<p>With unmixed feeling. Smiling, a jew, he heard with pleasure and saw
the unbroken kitchen window.</p>
<p>Recite the second part (minor) of the legend.</p>
<p>Then out there came the jew’s daughter<br />
And she all dressed in green.<br />
“Come back, come back, you pretty little boy,<br />
And play your ball again.”<br />
<br />
I can’t come back and I won’t come back<br />
Without my schoolfellows all.<br />
For if my master he did hear<br />
He’d make it a sorry ball.”<br />
<br />
She took him by the lilywhite hand<br />
And led him along the hall<br />
Until she led him to a room<br />
Where none could hear him call.<br />
<br />
She took a penknife out of her pocket<br />
And cut off his little head.<br />
And now he’ll play his ball no more<br />
For he lies among the dead.<br />
<br />
</p>
<div class="fig" style="width:80%;">
<span
id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-25.htm.html_img_images_outcamethejew.jpg"
style="width:100%;">outcamethejew</span><br />
<br />

</div>
<p>How did the father of Millicent receive this second part?</p>
<p>With mixed feelings. Unsmiling, he heard and saw with wonder a jew’s
daughter, all dressed in green.</p>
<p>Condense Stephen’s commentary.</p>
<p>One of all, the least of all, is the victim predestined. Once by
inadvertence twice by design he challenges his destiny. It comes when he
is abandoned and challenges him reluctant and, as an apparition of hope
and youth, holds him unresisting. It leads him to a strange habitation,
to a secret infidel apartment, and there, implacable, immolates him,
consenting.</p>
<p>Why was the host (victim predestined) sad?</p>
<p>He wished that a tale of a deed should be told of a deed not by him
should by him not be told.</p>
<p>Why was the host (reluctant, unresisting) still?</p>
<p>In accordance with the law of the conservation of energy.</p>
<p>Why was the host (secret infidel) silent?</p>
<p>He weighed the possible evidences for and against ritual murder: the
incitations of the hierarchy, the superstition of the populace, the
propagation of rumour in continued fraction of veridicity, the envy of
opulence, the influence of retaliation, the sporadic reappearance of
atavistic delinquency, the mitigating circumstances of fanaticism,
hypnotic suggestion and somnambulism.</p>
<p>From which (if any) of these mental or physical disorders was he not
totally immune?</p>
<p>From hypnotic suggestion: once, waking, he had not recognised his
sleeping apartment: more than once, waking, he had been for an
indefinite time incapable of moving or uttering sounds. From
somnambulism: once, sleeping, his body had risen, crouched and crawled
in the direction of a heatless fire and, having attained its
destination, there, curled, unheated, in night attire had lain,
sleeping.</p>
<p>Had this latter or any cognate phenomenon declared itself in any
member of his family?</p>
<p>Twice, in Holles street and in Ontario terrace, his daughter
Millicent (Milly) at the ages of 6 and 8 years had uttered in sleep an
exclamation of terror and had replied to the interrogations of two
figures in night attire with a vacant mute expression.</p>
<p>What other infantile memories had he of her?</p>
<p>15 June 1889. A querulous newborn female infant crying to cause and
lessen congestion. A child renamed Padney Socks she shook with shocks
her moneybox: counted his three free moneypenny buttons, one, tloo,
tlee: a doll, a boy, a sailor she cast away: blond, born of two dark,
she had blond ancestry, remote, a violation, Herr Hauptmann Hainau,
Austrian army, proximate, a hallucination, lieutenant Mulvey, British
navy.</p>
<p>What endemic characteristics were present?</p>
<p>Conversely the nasal and frontal formation was derived in a direct
line of lineage which, though interrupted, would continue at distant
intervals to more distant intervals to its most distant intervals.</p>
<p>What memories had he of her adolescence?</p>
<p>She relegated her hoop and skippingrope to a recess. On the duke’s
lawn, entreated by an English visitor, she declined to permit him to
make and take away her photographic image (objection not stated). On the
South Circular road in the company of Elsa Potter, followed by an
individual of sinister aspect, she went half way down Stamer street and
turned abruptly back (reason of change not stated). On the vigil of the
15th anniversary of her birth she wrote a letter from Mullingar, county
Westmeath, making a brief allusion to a local student (faculty and year
not stated).</p>
<p>Did that first division, portending a second division, afflict
him?</p>
<p>Less than he had imagined, more than he had hoped.</p>
<p>What second departure was contemporaneously perceived by him
similarly, if differently?</p>
<p>A temporary departure of his cat.</p>
<p>Why similarly, why differently?</p>
<p>Similarly, because actuated by a secret purpose the quest of a new
male (Mullingar student) or of a healing herb (valerian). Differently,
because of different possible returns to the inhabitants or to the
habitation.</p>
<p>In other respects were their differences similar?</p>
<p>In passivity, in economy, in the instinct of tradition, in
unexpectedness.</p>
<p>As?</p>
<p>Inasmuch as leaning she sustained her blond hair for him to ribbon it
for her (cf neckarching cat). Moreover, on the free surface of the lake
in Stephen’s green amid inverted reflections of trees her uncommented
spit, describing concentric circles of waterrings, indicated by the
constancy of its permanence the locus of a somnolent prostrate fish (cf
mousewatching cat). Again, in order to remember the date, combatants,
issue and consequences of a famous military engagement she pulled a
plait of her hair (cf earwashing cat). Furthermore, silly Milly, she
dreamed of having had an unspoken unremembered conversation with a horse
whose name had been Joseph to whom (which) she had offered a tumblerful
of lemonade which it (he) had appeared to have accepted (cf
hearthdreaming cat). Hence, in passivity, in economy, in the instinct of
tradition, in unexpectedness, their differences were similar.</p>
<p>In what way had he utilised gifts (1) an owl, 2) a clock, given as
matrimonial auguries, to interest and to instruct her?</p>
<p>As object lessons to explain: 1) the nature and habits of oviparous
animals, the possibility of aerial flight, certain abnormalities of
vision, the secular process of imbalsamation: 2) the principle of the
pendulum, exemplified in bob, wheelgear and regulator, the translation
in terms of human or social regulation of the various positions of
clockwise moveable indicators on an unmoving dial, the exactitude of the
recurrence per hour of an instant in each hour when the longer and the
shorter indicator were at the same angle of inclination,
<em>videlicet</em>, 5 5/11 minutes past each hour per hour in
arithmetical progression.</p>
<p>In what manners did she reciprocate?</p>
<p>She remembered: on the 27th anniversary of his birth she presented to
him a breakfast moustachecup of imitation Crown Derby porcelain ware.
She provided: at quarter day or thereabouts if or when purchases had
been made by him not for her she showed herself attentive to his
necessities, anticipating his desires. She admired: a natural phenomenon
having been explained by him to her she expressed the immediate desire
to possess without gradual acquisition a fraction of his science, the
moiety, the quarter, a thousandth part.</p>
<p>What proposal did Bloom, diambulist, father of Milly, somnambulist,
make to Stephen, noctambulist?</p>
<p>To pass in repose the hours intervening between Thursday (proper) and
Friday (normal) on an extemporised cubicle in the apartment immediately
above the kitchen and immediately adjacent to the sleeping apartment of
his host and hostess.</p>
<p>What various advantages would or might have resulted from a
prolongation of such an extemporisation?</p>
<p>For the guest: security of domicile and seclusion of study. For the
host: rejuvenation of intelligence, vicarious satisfaction. For the
hostess: disintegration of obsession, acquisition of correct Italian
pronunciation.</p>
<p>Why might these several provisional contingencies between a guest and
a hostess not necessarily preclude or be precluded by a permanent
eventuality of reconciliatory union between a schoolfellow and a jew’s
daughter?</p>
<p>Because the way to daughter led through mother, the way to mother
through daughter.</p>
<p>To what inconsequent polysyllabic question of his host did the guest
return a monosyllabic negative answer?</p>
<p>If he had known the late Mrs Emily Sinico, accidentally killed at
Sydney Parade railway station, 14 October 1903.</p>
<p>What inchoate corollary statement was consequently suppressed by the
host?</p>
<p>A statement explanatory of his absence on the occasion of the
interment of Mrs Mary Dedalus (born Goulding), 26 June 1903, vigil of
the anniversary of the decease of Rudolph Bloom (born Virag).</p>
<p>Was the proposal of asylum accepted?</p>
<p>Promptly, inexplicably, with amicability, gratefully it was
declined.</p>
<p>What exchange of money took place between host and guest?</p>
<p>The former returned to the latter, without interest, a sum of money
(£ 1-7-0), one pound seven shillings sterling, advanced by the latter to
the former.</p>
<p>What counterproposals were alternately advanced, accepted, modified,
declined, restated in other terms, reaccepted, ratified,
reconfirmed?</p>
<p>To inaugurate a prearranged course of Italian instruction, place the
residence of the instructed. To inaugurate a course of vocal
instruction, place the residence of the instructress. To inaugurate a
series of static, semistatic and peripatetic intellectual dialogues,
places the residence of both speakers (if both speakers were resident in
the same place), the <em>Ship</em> hotel and tavern, 6 Lower Abbey
street (W. and E. Connery, proprietors), the National Library of
Ireland, 10 Kildare street, the National Maternity Hospital, 29, 30 and
31 Holles street, a public garden, the vicinity of a place of worship, a
conjunction of two or more public thoroughfares, the point of bisection
of a right line drawn between their residences (if both speakers were
resident in different places).</p>
<p>What rendered problematic for Bloom the realisation of these mutually
selfexcluding propositions?</p>
<p>The irreparability of the past: once at a performance of Albert
Hengler’s circus in the Rotunda, Rutland square, Dublin, an intuitive
particoloured clown in quest of paternity had penetrated from the ring
to a place in the auditorium where Bloom, solitary, was seated and had
publicly declared to an exhilarated audience that he (Bloom) was his
(the clown’s) papa. The imprevidibility of the future: once in the
summer of 1898 he (Bloom) had marked a florin (2/-) with three notches
on the milled edge and tendered it in payment of an account due to and
received by J. and T. Davy, family grocers, 1 Charlemont Mall, Grand
Canal, for circulation on the waters of civic finance, for possible,
circuitous or direct, return.</p>
<p>Was the clown Bloom’s son?</p>
<p>No.</p>
<p>Had Bloom’s coin returned?</p>
<p>Never.</p>
<p>Why would a recurrent frustration the more depress him?</p>
<p>Because at the critical turningpoint of human existence he desired to
amend many social conditions, the product of inequality and avarice and
international animosity.</p>
<p>He believed then that human life was infinitely perfectible,
eliminating these conditions?</p>
<p>There remained the generic conditions imposed by natural, as distinct
from human law, as integral parts of the human whole: the necessity of
destruction to procure alimentary sustenance: the painful character of
the ultimate functions of separate existence, the agonies of birth and
death: the monotonous menstruation of simian and (particularly) human
females extending from the age of puberty to the menopause: inevitable
accidents at sea, in mines and factories: certain very painful maladies
and their resultant surgical operations, innate lunacy and congenital
criminality, decimating epidemics: catastrophic cataclysms which make
terror the basis of human mentality: seismic upheavals the epicentres of
which are located in densely populated regions: the fact of vital
growth, through convulsions of metamorphosis, from infancy through
maturity to decay.</p>
<p>Why did he desist from speculation?</p>
<p>Because it was a task for a superior intelligence to substitute other
more acceptable phenomena in the place of the less acceptable phenomena
to be removed.</p>
<p>Did Stephen participate in his dejection?</p>
<p>He affirmed his significance as a conscious rational animal
proceeding syllogistically from the known to the unknown and a conscious
rational reagent between a micro and a macrocosm ineluctably constructed
upon the incertitude of the void.</p>
<p>Was this affirmation apprehended by Bloom?</p>
<p>Not verbally. Substantially.</p>
<p>What comforted his misapprehension?</p>
<p>That as a competent keyless citizen he had proceeded energetically
from the unknown to the known through the incertitude of the void.</p>
<p>In what order of precedence, with what attendant ceremony was the
exodus from the house of bondage to the wilderness of inhabitation
effected?</p>
<p>Lighted Candle in Stick borne by<br />
BLOOM<br />
Diaconal Hat on Ashplant borne by<br />
STEPHEN</p>
<p>With what intonation <em>secreto</em> of what commemorative
psalm?</p>
<p>The 113th, <em>modus peregrinus: In exitu Israël de Egypto: domus
Jacob de populo barbaro</em>.</p>
<p>What did each do at the door of egress?</p>
<p>Bloom set the candlestick on the floor. Stephen put the hat on his
head.</p>
<p>For what creature was the door of egress a door of ingress?</p>
<p>For a cat.</p>
<p>What spectacle confronted them when they, first the host, then the
guest, emerged silently, doubly dark, from obscurity by a passage from
the rere of the house into the penumbra of the garden?</p>
<p>The heaventree of stars hung with humid nightblue fruit.</p>
<p>With what meditations did Bloom accompany his demonstration to his
companion of various constellations?</p>
<p>Meditations of evolution increasingly vaster: of the moon invisible
in incipient lunation, approaching perigee: of the infinite lattiginous
scintillating uncondensed milky way, discernible by daylight by an
observer placed at the lower end of a cylindrical vertical shaft 5000 ft
deep sunk from the surface towards the centre of the earth: of Sirius
(alpha in Canis Maior) 10 lightyears (57,000,000,000,000 miles) distant
and in volume 900 times the dimension of our planet: of Arcturus: of the
precession of equinoxes: of Orion with belt and sextuple sun theta and
nebula in which 100 of our solar systems could be contained: of moribund
and of nascent new stars such as Nova in 1901: of our system plunging
towards the constellation of Hercules: of the parallax or parallactic
drift of socalled fixed stars, in reality evermoving wanderers from
immeasurably remote eons to infinitely remote futures in comparison with
which the years, threescore and ten, of allotted human life formed a
parenthesis of infinitesimal brevity.</p>
<p>Were there obverse meditations of involution increasingly less
vast?</p>
<p>Of the eons of geological periods recorded in the stratifications of
the earth: of the myriad minute entomological organic existences
concealed in cavities of the earth, beneath removable stones, in hives
and mounds, of microbes, germs, bacteria, bacilli, spermatozoa: of the
incalculable trillions of billions of millions of imperceptible
molecules contained by cohesion of molecular affinity in a single
pinhead: of the universe of human serum constellated with red and white
bodies, themselves universes of void space constellated with other
bodies, each, in continuity, its universe of divisible component bodies
of which each was again divisible in divisions of redivisible component
bodies, dividends and divisors ever diminishing without actual division
till, if the progress were carried far enough, nought nowhere was never
reached.</p>
<p>Why did he not elaborate these calculations to a more precise
result?</p>
<p>Because some years previously in 1886 when occupied with the problem
of the quadrature of the circle he had learned of the existence of a
number computed to a relative degree of accuracy to be of such magnitude
and of so many places, e.g., the 9th power of the 9th power of 9, that,
the result having been obtained, 33 closely printed volumes of 1000
pages each of innumerable quires and reams of India paper would have to
be requisitioned in order to contain the complete tale of its printed
integers of units, tens, hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands,
hundreds of thousands, millions, tens of millions, hundreds of millions,
billions, the nucleus of the nebula of every digit of every series
containing succinctly the potentiality of being raised to the utmost
kinetic elaboration of any power of any of its powers.</p>
<p>Did he find the problems of the inhabitability of the planets and
their satellites by a race, given in species, and of the possible social
and moral redemption of said race by a redeemer, easier of solution?</p>
<p>Of a different order of difficulty. Conscious that the human
organism, normally capable of sustaining an atmospheric pressure of 19
tons, when elevated to a considerable altitude in the terrestrial
atmosphere suffered with arithmetical progression of intensity,
according as the line of demarcation between troposphere and
stratosphere was approximated from nasal hemorrhage, impeded respiration
and vertigo, when proposing this problem for solution, he had
conjectured as a working hypothesis which could not be proved impossible
that a more adaptable and differently anatomically constructed race of
beings might subsist otherwise under Martian, Mercurial, Veneral,
Jovian, Saturnian, Neptunian or Uranian sufficient and equivalent
conditions, though an apogean humanity of beings created in varying
forms with finite differences resulting similar to the whole and to one
another would probably there as here remain inalterably and inalienably
attached to vanities, to vanities of vanities and to all that is
vanity.</p>
<p>And the problem of possible redemption?</p>
<p>The minor was proved by the major.</p>
<p>Which various features of the constellations were in turn
considered?</p>
<p>The various colours significant of various degrees of vitality
(white, yellow, crimson, vermilion, cinnabar): their degrees of
brilliancy: their magnitudes revealed up to and including the 7th: their
positions: the waggoner’s star: Walsingham way: the chariot of David:
the annular cinctures of Saturn: the condensation of spiral nebulae into
suns: the interdependent gyrations of double suns: the independent
synchronous discoveries of Galileo, Simon Marius, Piazzi, Le Verrier,
Herschel, Galle: the systematisations attempted by Bode and Kepler of
cubes of distances and squares of times of revolution: the almost
infinite compressibility of hirsute comets and their vast elliptical
egressive and reentrant orbits from perihelion to aphelion: the sidereal
origin of meteoric stones: the Libyan floods on Mars about the period of
the birth of the younger astroscopist: the annual recurrence of meteoric
showers about the period of the feast of S. Lawrence (martyr, 10
August): the monthly recurrence known as the new moon with the old moon
in her arms: the posited influence of celestial on human bodies: the
appearance of a star (1st magnitude) of exceeding brilliancy dominating
by night and day (a new luminous sun generated by the collision and
amalgamation in incandescence of two nonluminous exsuns) about the
period of the birth of William Shakespeare over delta in the recumbent
neversetting constellation of Cassiopeia and of a star (2nd magnitude)
of similar origin but of lesser brilliancy which had appeared in and
disappeared from the constellation of the Corona Septentrionalis about
the period of the birth of Leopold Bloom and of other stars of
(presumably) similar origin which had (effectively or presumably)
appeared in and disappeared from the constellation of Andromeda about
the period of the birth of Stephen Dedalus, and in and from the
constellation of Auriga some years after the birth and death of Rudolph
Bloom, junior, and in and from other constellations some years before or
after the birth or death of other persons: the attendant phenomena of
eclipses, solar and lunar, from immersion to emersion, abatement of
wind, transit of shadow, taciturnity of winged creatures, emergence of
nocturnal or crepuscular animals, persistence of infernal light,
obscurity of terrestrial waters, pallor of human beings.</p>
<p>His (Bloom’s) logical conclusion, having weighed the matter and
allowing for possible error?</p>
<p>That it was not a heaventree, not a heavengrot, not a heavenbeast,
not a heavenman. That it was a Utopia, there being no known method from
the known to the unknown: an infinity renderable equally finite by the
suppositious apposition of one or more bodies equally of the same and of
different magnitudes: a mobility of illusory forms immobilised in space,
remobilised in air: a past which possibly had ceased to exist as a
present before its probable spectators had entered actual present
existence.</p>
<p>Was he more convinced of the esthetic value of the spectacle?</p>
<p>Indubitably in consequence of the reiterated examples of poets in the
delirium of the frenzy of attachment or in the abasement of rejection
invoking ardent sympathetic constellations or the frigidity of the
satellite of their planet.</p>
<p>Did he then accept as an article of belief the theory of astrological
influences upon sublunary disasters?</p>
<p>It seemed to him as possible of proof as of confutation and the
nomenclature employed in its selenographical charts as attributable to
verifiable intuition as to fallacious analogy: the lake of dreams, the
sea of rains, the gulf of dews, the ocean of fecundity.</p>
<p>What special affinities appeared to him to exist between the moon and
woman?</p>
<p>Her antiquity in preceding and surviving successive tellurian
generations: her nocturnal predominance: her satellitic dependence: her
luminary reflection: her constancy under all her phases, rising and
setting by her appointed times, waxing and waning: the forced
invariability of her aspect: her indeterminate response to inaffirmative
interrogation: her potency over effluent and refluent waters: her power
to enamour, to mortify, to invest with beauty, to render insane, to
incite to and aid delinquency: the tranquil inscrutability of her
visage: the terribility of her isolated dominant implacable resplendent
propinquity: her omens of tempest and of calm: the stimulation of her
light, her motion and her presence: the admonition of her craters, her
arid seas, her silence: her splendour, when visible: her attraction,
when invisible.</p>
<p>What visible luminous sign attracted Bloom’s, who attracted
Stephen’s, gaze?</p>
<p>In the second storey (rere) of his (Bloom’s) house the light of a
paraffin oil lamp with oblique shade projected on a screen of roller
blind supplied by Frank O’Hara, window blind, curtain pole and revolving
shutter manufacturer, 16 Aungier street.</p>
<p>How did he elucidate the mystery of an invisible attractive person,
his wife Marion (Molly) Bloom, denoted by a visible splendid sign, a
lamp?</p>
<p>With indirect and direct verbal allusions or affirmations: with
subdued affection and admiration: with description: with impediment:
with suggestion.</p>
<p>Both then were silent?</p>
<p>Silent, each contemplating the other in both mirrors of the
reciprocal flesh of theirhisnothis fellowfaces.</p>
<p>Were they indefinitely inactive?</p>
<p>At Stephen’s suggestion, at Bloom’s instigation both, first Stephen,
then Bloom, in penumbra urinated, their sides contiguous, their organs
of micturition reciprocally rendered invisible by manual circumposition,
their gazes, first Bloom’s, then Stephen’s, elevated to the projected
luminous and semiluminous shadow.</p>
<p>Similarly?</p>
<p>The trajectories of their, first sequent, then simultaneous,
urinations were dissimilar: Bloom’s longer, less irruent, in the
incomplete form of the bifurcated penultimate alphabetical letter, who
in his ultimate year at High School (1880) had been capable of attaining
the point of greatest altitude against the whole concurrent strength of
the institution, 210 scholars: Stephen’s higher, more sibilant, who in
the ultimate hours of the previous day had augmented by diuretic
consumption an insistent vesical pressure.</p>
<p>What different problems presented themselves to each concerning the
invisible audible collateral organ of the other?</p>
<p>To Bloom: the problems of irritability, tumescence, rigidity,
reactivity, dimension, sanitariness, pilosity.</p>
<p>To Stephen: the problem of the sacerdotal integrity of Jesus
circumcised (1 January, holiday of obligation to hear mass and abstain
from unnecessary servile work) and the problem as to whether the divine
prepuce, the carnal bridal ring of the holy Roman catholic apostolic
church, conserved in Calcata, were deserving of simple hyperduly or of
the fourth degree of latria accorded to the abscission of such divine
excrescences as hair and toenails.</p>
<p>What celestial sign was by both simultaneously observed?</p>
<p>A star precipitated with great apparent velocity across the firmament
from Vega in the Lyre above the zenith beyond the stargroup of the Tress
of Berenice towards the zodiacal sign of Leo.</p>
<p>How did the centripetal remainer afford egress to the centrifugal
departer?</p>
<p>By inserting the barrel of an arruginated male key in the hole of an
unstable female lock, obtaining a purchase on the bow of the key and
turning its wards from right to left, withdrawing a bolt from its
staple, pulling inward spasmodically an obsolescent unhinged door and
revealing an aperture for free egress and free ingress.</p>
<p>How did they take leave, one of the other, in separation?</p>
<p>Standing perpendicular at the same door and on different sides of its
base, the lines of their valedictory arms, meeting at any point and
forming any angle less than the sum of two right angles.</p>
<p>What sound accompanied the union of their tangent, the disunion of
their (respectively) centrifugal and centripetal hands?</p>
<p>The sound of the peal of the hour of the night by the chime of the
bells in the church of Saint George.</p>
<p>What echoes of that sound were by both and each heard?</p>
<p>By Stephen:</p>
<p>Liliata rutilantium. Turma circumdet.<br />
Iubilantium te virginum. Chorus excipiat.</p>
<p>By Bloom:</p>
<p>Heigho, heigho,<br />
Heigho, heigho.</p>
<p>Where were the several members of the company which with Bloom that
day at the bidding of that peal had travelled from Sandymount in the
south to Glasnevin in the north?</p>
<p>Martin Cunningham (in bed), Jack Power (in bed), Simon Dedalus (in
bed), Ned Lambert (in bed), Tom Kernan (in bed), Joe Hynes (in bed),
John Henry Menton (in bed), Bernard Corrigan (in bed), Patsy Dignam (in
bed), Paddy Dignam (in the grave).</p>
<p>Alone, what did Bloom hear?</p>
<p>The double reverberation of retreating feet on the heavenborn earth,
the double vibration of a jew’s harp in the resonant lane.</p>
<p>Alone, what did Bloom feel?</p>
<p>The cold of interstellar space, thousands of degrees below freezing
point or the absolute zero of Fahrenheit, Centigrade or Réaumur: the
incipient intimations of proximate dawn.</p>
<p>Of what did bellchime and handtouch and footstep and lonechill remind
him?</p>
<p>Of companions now in various manners in different places defunct:
Percy Apjohn (killed in action, Modder River), Philip Gilligan
(phthisis, Jervis Street hospital), Matthew F. Kane (accidental
drowning, Dublin Bay), Philip Moisel (pyemia, Heytesbury street),
Michael Hart (phthisis, Mater Misericordiae hospital), Patrick Dignam
(apoplexy, Sandymount).</p>
<p>What prospect of what phenomena inclined him to remain?</p>
<p>The disparition of three final stars, the diffusion of daybreak, the
apparition of a new solar disk.</p>
<p>Had he ever been a spectator of those phenomena?</p>
<p>Once, in 1887, after a protracted performance of charades in the
house of Luke Doyle, Kimmage, he had awaited with patience the
apparition of the diurnal phenomenon, seated on a wall, his gaze turned
in the direction of Mizrach, the east.</p>
<p>He remembered the initial paraphenomena?</p>
<p>More active air, a matutinal distant cock, ecclesiastical clocks at
various points, avine music, the isolated tread of an early wayfarer,
the visible diffusion of the light of an invisible luminous body, the
first golden limb of the resurgent sun perceptible low on the
horizon.</p>
<p>Did he remain?</p>
<p>With deep inspiration he returned, retraversing the garden,
reentering the passage, reclosing the door. With brief suspiration he
reassumed the candle, reascended the stairs, reapproached the door of
the front room, hallfloor, and reentered.</p>
<p>What suddenly arrested his ingress?</p>
<p>The right temporal lobe of the hollow sphere of his cranium came into
contact with a solid timber angle where, an infinitesimal but sensible
fraction of a second later, a painful sensation was located in
consequence of antecedent sensations transmitted and registered.</p>
<p>Describe the alterations effected in the disposition of the articles
of furniture.</p>
<p>A sofa upholstered in prune plush had been translocated from opposite
the door to the ingleside near the compactly furled Union Jack (an
alteration which he had frequently intended to execute): the blue and
white checker inlaid majolicatopped table had been placed opposite the
door in the place vacated by the prune plush sofa: the walnut sideboard
(a projecting angle of which had momentarily arrested his ingress) had
been moved from its position beside the door to a more advantageous but
more perilous position in front of the door: two chairs had been moved
from right and left of the ingleside to the position originally occupied
by the blue and white checker inlaid majolicatopped table.</p>
<p>Describe them.</p>
<p>One: a squat stuffed easychair, with stout arms extended and back
slanted to the rere, which, repelled in recoil, had then upturned an
irregular fringe of a rectangular rug and now displayed on its amply
upholstered seat a centralised diffusing and diminishing discolouration.
The other: a slender splayfoot chair of glossy cane curves, placed
directly opposite the former, its frame from top to seat and from seat
to base being varnished dark brown, its seat being a bright circle of
white plaited rush.</p>
<p>What significances attached to these two chairs?</p>
<p>Significances of similitude, of posture, of symbolism, of
circumstantial evidence, of testimonial supermanence.</p>
<p>What occupied the position originally occupied by the sideboard?</p>
<p>A vertical piano (Cadby) with exposed keyboard, its closed coffin
supporting a pair of long yellow ladies’ gloves and an emerald ashtray
containing four consumed matches, a partly consumed cigarette and two
discoloured ends of cigarettes, its musicrest supporting the music in
the key of G natural for voice and piano of <em>Love’s Old Sweet
Song</em> (words by G. Clifton Bingham, composed by J. L. Molloy, sung
by Madam Antoinette Sterling) open at the last page with the final
indications <em>ad libitum, forte</em>, pedal, <em>animato</em>,
sustained pedal, <em>ritirando</em>, close.</p>
<p>With what sensations did Bloom contemplate in rotation these
objects?</p>
<p>With strain, elevating a candlestick: with pain, feeling on his right
temple a contused tumescence: with attention, focussing his gaze on a
large dull passive and a slender bright active: with solicitation,
bending and downturning the upturned rugfringe: with amusement,
remembering Dr Malachi Mulligan’s scheme of colour containing the
gradation of green: with pleasure, repeating the words and antecedent
act and perceiving through various channels of internal sensibility the
consequent and concomitant tepid pleasant diffusion of gradual
discolouration.</p>
<p>His next proceeding?</p>
<p>From an open box on the majolicatopped table he extracted a black
diminutive cone, one inch in height, placed it on its circular base on a
small tin plate, placed his candlestick on the right corner of the
mantelpiece, produced from his waistcoat a folded page of prospectus
(illustrated) entitled Agendath Netaim, unfolded the same, examined it
superficially, rolled it into a thin cylinder, ignited it in the
candleflame, applied it when ignited to the apex of the cone till the
latter reached the stage of rutilance, placed the cylinder in the basin
of the candlestick disposing its unconsumed part in such a manner as to
facilitate total combustion.</p>
<p>What followed this operation?</p>
<p>The truncated conical crater summit of the diminutive volcano emitted
a vertical and serpentine fume redolent of aromatic oriental
incense.</p>
<p>What homothetic objects, other than the candlestick, stood on the
mantelpiece?</p>
<p>A timepiece of striated Connemara marble, stopped at the hour of 4.46
a.m. on the 21 March 1896, matrimonial gift of Matthew Dillon: a dwarf
tree of glacial arborescence under a transparent bellshade, matrimonial
gift of Luke and Caroline Doyle: an embalmed owl, matrimonial gift of
Alderman John Hooper.</p>
<p>What interchanges of looks took place between these three objects and
Bloom?</p>
<p>In the mirror of the giltbordered pierglass the undecorated back of
the dwarf tree regarded the upright back of the embalmed owl. Before the
mirror the matrimonial gift of Alderman John Hooper with a clear
melancholy wise bright motionless compassionate gaze regarded Bloom
while Bloom with obscure tranquil profound motionless compassionated
gaze regarded the matrimonial gift of Luke and Caroline Doyle.</p>
<p>What composite asymmetrical image in the mirror then attracted his
attention?</p>
<p>The image of a solitary (ipsorelative) mutable (aliorelative)
man.</p>
<p>Why solitary (ipsorelative)?</p>
<p>Brothers and sisters had he none.<br />
Yet that man’s father was his grandfather’s son.</p>
<p>Why mutable (aliorelative)?</p>
<p>From infancy to maturity he had resembled his maternal procreatrix.
From maturity to senility he would increasingly resemble his paternal
procreator.</p>
<p>What final visual impression was communicated to him by the
mirror?</p>
<p>The optical reflection of several inverted volumes improperly
arranged and not in the order of their common letters with scintillating
titles on the two bookshelves opposite.</p>
<p>Catalogue these books.</p>
<p><em>Thom’s Dublin Post Office Directory</em>, 1886.</p>
<p>Denis Florence M’Carthy’s <em>Poetical Works</em> (copper beechleaf
bookmark at p. 5).</p>
<p>Shakespeare’s <em>Works</em> (dark crimson morocco, goldtooled).</p>
<p><em>The Useful Ready Reckoner</em> (brown cloth).</p>
<p><em>The Secret History of the Court of Charles II</em> (red cloth,
tooled binding).</p>
<p><em>The Child’s Guide</em> (blue cloth).</p>
<p><em>The Beauties of Killarney</em> (wrappers).</p>
<p><em>When We Were Boys</em> by William O’Brien M. P. (green cloth,
slightly faded, envelope bookmark at p. 217).</p>
<p><em>Thoughts from Spinoza</em> (maroon leather).</p>
<p><em>The Story of the Heavens</em> by Sir Robert Ball (blue
cloth).</p>
<p>Ellis’s <em>Three Trips to Madagascar</em> (brown cloth, title
obliterated).</p>
<p><em>The Stark-Munro Letters</em> by A. Conan Doyle, property of the
City of Dublin Public Library, 106 Capel street, lent 21 May (Whitsun
Eve) 1904, due 4 June 1904, 13 days overdue (black cloth binding,
bearing white letternumber ticket).</p>
<p><em>Voyages in China</em> by “Viator” (recovered with brown paper,
red ink title).</p>
<p><em>Philosophy of the Talmud</em> (sewn pamphlet).</p>
<p>Lockhart’s <em>Life of Napoleon</em> (cover wanting, marginal
annotations, minimising victories, aggrandising defeats of the
protagonist).</p>
<p><em>Soll und Haben</em> by Gustav Freytag (black boards, Gothic
characters, cigarette coupon bookmark at p. 24).</p>
<p>Hozier’s <em>History of the Russo-Turkish War</em> (brown cloth, 2
volumes, with gummed label, Garrison Library, Governor’s Parade,
Gibraltar, on verso of cover).</p>
<p><em>Laurence Bloomfield in Ireland</em> by William Allingham (second
edition, green cloth, gilt trefoil design, previous owner’s name on
recto of flyleaf erased).</p>
<p><em>A Handbook of Astronomy</em> (cover, brown leather, detached, 5
plates, antique letterpress long primer, author’s footnotes nonpareil,
marginal clues brevier, captions small pica).</p>
<p><em>The Hidden Life of Christ</em> (black boards).</p>
<p><em>In the Track of the Sun</em> (yellow cloth, titlepage missing,
recurrent title intestation).</p>
<p><em>Physical Strength and How to Obtain It</em> by Eugen Sandow (red
cloth).</p>
<p><em>Short but yet Plain Elements of Geometry</em> written in French
by F. Ignat. Pardies and rendered into Engliſh by John Harris D. D.
London, printed for R. Knaplock at the Biſhop’s Head, MDCCXI, with
dedicatory epiſtle to his worthy friend Charles Cox, eſquire, Member of
Parliament for the burgh of Southwark and having ink calligraphed
statement on the flyleaf certifying that the book was the property of
Michael Gallagher, dated this 10th day of May 1822 and requeſting the
perſon who should find it, if the book should be loſt or go aſtray, to
reſtore it to Michael Gallagher, carpenter, Dufery Gate, Enniſcorthy,
county Wicklow, the fineſt place in the world.</p>
<p>What reflections occupied his mind during the process of reversion of
the inverted volumes?</p>
<p>The necessity of order, a place for everything and everything in its
place: the deficient appreciation of literature possessed by females:
the incongruity of an apple incuneated in a tumbler and of an umbrella
inclined in a closestool: the insecurity of hiding any secret document
behind, beneath or between the pages of a book.</p>
<p>Which volume was the largest in bulk?</p>
<p>Hozier’s <em>History of the Russo-Turkish War.</em></p>
<p>What among other data did the second volume of the work in question
contain?</p>
<p>The name of a decisive battle (forgotten), frequently remembered by a
decisive officer, major Brian Cooper Tweedy (remembered).</p>
<p>Why, firstly and secondly, did he not consult the work in
question?</p>
<p>Firstly, in order to exercise mnemotechnic: secondly, because after
an interval of amnesia, when, seated at the central table, about to
consult the work in question, he remembered by mnemotechnic the name of
the military engagement, Plevna.</p>
<p>What caused him consolation in his sitting posture?</p>
<p>The candour, nudity, pose, tranquility, youth, grace, sex, counsel of
a statue erect in the centre of the table, an image of Narcissus
purchased by auction from P. A. Wren, 9 Bachelor’s Walk.</p>
<p>What caused him irritation in his sitting posture?</p>
<p>Inhibitory pressure of collar (size 17) and waistcoat (5 buttons),
two articles of clothing superfluous in the costume of mature males and
inelastic to alterations of mass by expansion.</p>
<p>How was the irritation allayed?</p>
<p>He removed his collar, with contained black necktie and collapsible
stud, from his neck to a position on the left of the table. He
unbuttoned successively in reversed direction waistcoat, trousers, shirt
and vest along the medial line of irregular incrispated black hairs
extending in triangular convergence from the pelvic basin over the
circumference of the abdomen and umbilicular fossicle along the medial
line of nodes to the intersection of the sixth pectoral vertebrae,
thence produced both ways at right angles and terminating in circles
described about two equidistant points, right and left, on the summits
of the mammary prominences. He unbraced successively each of six minus
one braced trouser buttons, arranged in pairs, of which one
incomplete.</p>
<p>What involuntary actions followed?</p>
<p>He compressed between 2 fingers the flesh circumjacent to a cicatrice
in the left infracostal region below the diaphragm resulting from a
sting inflicted 2 weeks and 3 days previously (23 May 1904) by a bee. He
scratched imprecisely with his right hand, though insensible of
prurition, various points and surfaces of his partly exposed, wholly
abluted skin. He inserted his left hand into the left lower pocket of
his waistcoat and extracted and replaced a silver coin (1 shilling),
placed there (presumably) on the occasion (17 October 1903) of the
interment of Mrs Emily Sinico, Sydney Parade.</p>
<p>Compile the budget for 16 June 1904.</p>
<div class="pgmonospaced">
     <em>Debit</em>                                        £. s.
d.<br />
     1 Pork kidney                      0—0—3<br />
     1 Copy <em>Freeman’s Journal</em>           0—0—1<br />
     1 Bath and Gratification           0—1—6<br />
     Tramfare                           0—0—1<br />
     1 In Memoriam Patrick Dignam       0—5—0<br />
     2 Banbury cakes                    0—0—1<br />
     1 Lunch                            0—0—7<br />
     1 Renewal fee for book             0—1—0<br />
     1 Packet Notepaper and Envelopes   0—0—2<br />
     1 Dinner and Gratification         0—2—0<br />
     1 Postal Order and Stamp           0—2—8<br />
     Tramfare                           0—0—1<br />
     1 Pig’s Foot                       0—0—4<br />
     1 Sheep’s Trotter                  0—0—3<br />
     1 Cake Fry’s Plain Chocolate       0—0—1<br />
     1 Square Soda Bread                0—0—4<br />
     1 Coffee and Bun                   0—0—4<br />
     Loan (Stephen Dedalus) refunded    1—7—0<br />
        BALANCE                         0—16—6<br />
                                        —————<br />
                                        2—19—3<br />

</div>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-26.htm.html"></span></p>
<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-26.htm.html_pgepubid00084"
class="chapter">
<div class="pgmonospaced">
     <em>Credit</em>                                        £. s.
d.<br />
     Cash in hand                       0—4—9<br />
     Commission recd. <em>Freeman’s Journal</em> 1—7—6<br />
     Loan (Stephen Dedalus)             1—7—0<br />
                                        —————<br />
                                        2—19—3<br />

</div>
<p>Did the process of divestiture continue?</p>
<p>Sensible of a benignant persistent ache in his footsoles he extended
his foot to one side and observed the creases, protuberances and salient
points caused by foot pressure in the course of walking repeatedly in
several different directions, then, inclined, he disnoded the laceknots,
unhooked and loosened the laces, took off each of his two boots for the
second time, detached the partially moistened right sock through the
fore part of which the nail of his great toe had again effracted, raised
his right foot and, having unhooked a purple elastic sock suspender,
took off his right sock, placed his unclothed right foot on the margin
of the seat of his chair, picked at and gently lacerated the protruding
part of the great toenail, raised the part lacerated to his nostrils and
inhaled the odour of the quick, then, with satisfaction, threw away the
lacerated ungual fragment.</p>
<p>Why with satisfaction?</p>
<p>Because the odour inhaled corresponded to other odours inhaled of
other ungual fragments, picked and lacerated by Master Bloom, pupil of
Mrs Ellis’s juvenile school, patiently each night in the act of brief
genuflection and nocturnal prayer and ambitious meditation.</p>
<p>In what ultimate ambition had all concurrent and consecutive
ambitions now coalesced?</p>
<p>Not to inherit by right of primogeniture, gavelkind or borough
English, or possess in perpetuity an extensive demesne of a sufficient
number of acres, roods and perches, statute land measure (valuation £
42), of grazing turbary surrounding a baronial hall with gatelodge and
carriage drive nor, on the other hand, a terracehouse or semidetached
villa, described as <em>Rus in Urbe</em> or <em>Qui si sana</em>, but to
purchase by private treaty in fee simple a thatched bungalowshaped 2
storey dwellinghouse of southerly aspect, surmounted by vane and
lightning conductor, connected with the earth, with porch covered by
parasitic plants (ivy or Virginia creeper), halldoor, olive green, with
smart carriage finish and neat doorbrasses, stucco front with gilt
tracery at eaves and gable, rising, if possible, upon a gentle eminence
with agreeable prospect from balcony with stone pillar parapet over
unoccupied and unoccupyable interjacent pastures and standing in 5 or 6
acres of its own ground, at such a distance from the nearest public
thoroughfare as to render its houselights visible at night above and
through a quickset hornbeam hedge of topiary cutting, situate at a given
point not less than 1 statute mile from the periphery of the metropolis,
within a time limit of not more than 15 minutes from tram or train line
(e.g., Dundrum, south, or Sutton, north, both localities equally
reported by trial to resemble the terrestrial poles in being favourable
climates for phthisical subjects), the premises to be held under feefarm
grant, lease 999 years, the messuage to consist of 1 drawingroom with
baywindow (2 lancets), thermometer affixed, 1 sittingroom, 4 bedrooms, 2
servants’ rooms, tiled kitchen with close range and scullery, lounge
hall fitted with linen wallpresses, fumed oak sectional bookcase
containing the Encyclopaedia Britannica and New Century Dictionary,
transverse obsolete medieval and oriental weapons, dinner gong,
alabaster lamp, bowl pendant, vulcanite automatic telephone receiver
with adjacent directory, handtufted Axminster carpet with cream ground
and trellis border, loo table with pillar and claw legs, hearth with
massive firebrasses and ormolu mantel chronometer clock, guaranteed
timekeeper with cathedral chime, barometer with hygrographic chart,
comfortable lounge settees and corner fitments, upholstered in ruby
plush with good springing and sunk centre, three banner Japanese screen
and cuspidors (club style, rich winecoloured leather, gloss renewable
with a minimum of labour by use of linseed oil and vinegar) and
pyramidically prismatic central chandelier lustre, bentwood perch with
fingertame parrot (expurgated language), embossed mural paper at 10/-
per dozen with transverse swags of carmine floral design and top crown
frieze, staircase, three continuous flights at successive right angles,
of varnished cleargrained oak, treads and risers, newel, balusters and
handrail, with steppedup panel dado, dressed with camphorated wax:
bathroom, hot and cold supply, reclining and shower: water closet on
mezzanine provided with opaque singlepane oblong window, tipup seat,
bracket lamp, brass tierod and brace, armrests, footstool and artistic
oleograph on inner face of door: ditto, plain: servants’ apartments with
separate sanitary and hygienic necessaries for cook, general and
betweenmaid (salary, rising by biennial unearned increments of £ 2, with
comprehensive fidelity insurance, annual bonus (£ 1) and retiring
allowance (based on the 65 system) after 30 years’ service), pantry,
buttery, larder, refrigerator, outoffices, coal and wood cellarage with
winebin (still and sparkling vintages) for distinguished guests, if
entertained to dinner (evening dress), carbon monoxide gas supply
throughout.</p>
<p>What additional attractions might the grounds contain?</p>
<p>As addenda, a tennis and fives court, a shrubbery, a glass
summerhouse with tropical palms, equipped in the best botanical manner,
a rockery with waterspray, a beehive arranged on humane principles, oval
flowerbeds in rectangular grassplots set with eccentric ellipses of
scarlet and chrome tulips, blue scillas, crocuses, polyanthus, sweet
William, sweet pea, lily of the valley (bulbs obtainable from sir James
W. Mackey (Limited) wholesale and retail seed and bulb merchants and
nurserymen, agents for chemical manures, 23 Sackville street, upper), an
orchard, kitchen garden and vinery, protected against illegal
trespassers by glasstopped mural enclosures, a lumbershed with padlock
for various inventoried implements.</p>
<p>As?</p>
<p>Eeltraps, lobsterpots, fishingrods, hatchet, steelyard, grindstone,
clodcrusher, swatheturner, carriagesack, telescope ladder, 10 tooth
rake, washing clogs, haytedder, tumbling rake, billhook, paintpot,
brush, hoe and so on.</p>
<p>What improvements might be subsequently introduced?</p>
<p>A rabbitry and fowlrun, a dovecote, a botanical conservatory, 2
hammocks (lady’s and gentleman’s), a sundial shaded and sheltered by
laburnum or lilac trees, an exotically harmonically accorded Japanese
tinkle gatebell affixed to left lateral gatepost, a capacious waterbutt,
a lawnmower with side delivery and grassbox, a lawnsprinkler with
hydraulic hose.</p>
<p>What facilities of transit were desirable?</p>
<p>When citybound frequent connection by train or tram from their
respective intermediate station or terminal. When countrybound
velocipedes, a chainless freewheel roadster cycle with side basketcar
attached, or draught conveyance, a donkey with wicker trap or smart
phaeton with good working solidungular cob (roan gelding, 14 h).</p>
<p>What might be the name of this erigible or erected residence?</p>
<p>Bloom Cottage. Saint Leopold’s. Flowerville.</p>
<p>Could Bloom of 7 Eccles street foresee Bloom of Flowerville?</p>
<p>In loose allwool garments with Harris tweed cap, price 8/6, and
useful garden boots with elastic gussets and wateringcan, planting
aligned young firtrees, syringing, pruning, staking, sowing hayseed,
trundling a weedladen wheelbarrow without excessive fatigue at sunset
amid the scent of newmown hay, ameliorating the soil, multiplying
wisdom, achieving longevity.</p>
<p>What syllabus of intellectual pursuits was simultaneously
possible?</p>
<p>Snapshot photography, comparative study of religions, folklore
relative to various amatory and superstitious practices, contemplation
of the celestial constellations.</p>
<p>What lighter recreations?</p>
<p>Outdoor: garden and fieldwork, cycling on level macadamised
causeways, ascents of moderately high hills, natation in secluded fresh
water and unmolested river boating in secure wherry or light curricle
with kedge anchor on reaches free from weirs and rapids (period of
estivation), vespertinal perambulation or equestrian circumprocession
with inspection of sterile landscape and contrastingly agreeable
cottagers’ fires of smoking peat turves (period of hibernation). Indoor:
discussion in tepid security of unsolved historical and criminal
problems: lecture of unexpurgated exotic erotic masterpieces: house
carpentry with toolbox containing hammer, awl, nails, screws, tintacks,
gimlet, tweezers, bullnose plane and turnscrew.</p>
<p>Might he become a gentleman farmer of field produce and live
stock?</p>
<p>Not impossibly, with 1 or 2 stripper cows, 1 pike of upland hay and
requisite farming implements, e.g., an end-to-end churn, a turnip pulper
etc.</p>
<p>What would be his civic functions and social status among the county
families and landed gentry?</p>
<p>Arranged successively in ascending powers of hierarchical order, that
of gardener, groundsman, cultivator, breeder, and at the zenith of his
career, resident magistrate or justice of the peace with a family crest
and coat of arms and appropriate classical motto <em>(Semper
paratus</em>), duly recorded in the court directory (Bloom, Leopold P.,
M. P., P. C., K. P., L. L. D. (<em>honoris causa</em>), Bloomville,
Dundrum) and mentioned in court and fashionable intelligence (Mr and Mrs
Leopold Bloom have left Kingstown for England).</p>
<p>What course of action did he outline for himself in such
capacity?</p>
<p>A course that lay between undue clemency and excessive rigour: the
dispensation in a heterogeneous society of arbitrary classes,
incessantly rearranged in terms of greater and lesser social inequality,
of unbiassed homogeneous indisputable justice, tempered with mitigants
of the widest possible latitude but exactable to the uttermost farthing
with confiscation of estate, real and personal, to the crown. Loyal to
the highest constituted power in the land, actuated by an innate love of
rectitude his aims would be the strict maintenance of public order, the
repression of many abuses though not of all simultaneously (every
measure of reform or retrenchment being a preliminary solution to be
contained by fluxion in the final solution), the upholding of the letter
of the law (common, statute and law merchant) against all traversers in
covin and trespassers acting in contravention of bylaws and regulations,
all resuscitators (by trespass and petty larceny of kindlings) of
venville rights, obsolete by desuetude, all orotund instigators of
international persecution, all perpetuators of international
animosities, all menial molestors of domestic conviviality, all
recalcitrant violators of domestic connubiality.</p>
<p>Prove that he had loved rectitude from his earliest youth.</p>
<p>To Master Percy Apjohn at High School in 1880 he had divulged his
disbelief in the tenets of the Irish (protestant) church (to which his
father Rudolf Virag (later Rudolph Bloom) had been converted from the
Israelitic faith and communion in 1865 by the Society for promoting
Christianity among the jews) subsequently abjured by him in favour of
Roman catholicism at the epoch of and with a view to his matrimony in
1888. To Daniel Magrane and Francis Wade in 1882 during a juvenile
friendship (terminated by the premature emigration of the former) he had
advocated during nocturnal perambulations the political theory of
colonial (e.g. Canadian) expansion and the evolutionary theories of
Charles Darwin, expounded in <em>The Descent of Man</em> and <em>The
Origin of Species</em>. In 1885 he had publicly expressed his adherence
to the collective and national economic programme advocated by James
Fintan Lalor, John Fisher Murray, John Mitchel, J. F. X. O’Brien and
others, the agrarian policy of Michael Davitt, the constitutional
agitation of Charles Stewart Parnell (M. P. for Cork City), the
programme of peace, retrenchment and reform of William Ewart Gladstone
(M. P. for Midlothian, N. B.) and, in support of his political
convictions, had climbed up into a secure position amid the
ramifications of a tree on Northumberland road to see the entrance (2
February 1888) into the capital of a demonstrative torchlight procession
of 20,000 torchbearers, divided into 120 trade corporations, bearing
2000 torches in escort of the marquess of Ripon and (honest) John
Morley.</p>
<p>How much and how did he propose to pay for this country
residence?</p>
<p>As per prospectus of the Industrious Foreign Acclimatised
Nationalised Friendly Stateaided Building Society (incorporated 1874), a
maximum of £ 60 per annum, being 1/6 of an assured income, derived from
giltedged securities, representing at 5 % simple interest on capital of
£ 1200 (estimate of price at 20 years’ purchase), of which 1/3 to be
paid on acquisition and the balance in the form of annual rent, viz. £
800 plus 2 1/2 % interest on the same, repayable quarterly in equal
annual instalments until extinction by amortisation of loan advanced for
purchase within a period of 20 years, amounting to an annual rental of £
64, headrent included, the titledeeds to remain in possession of the
lender or lenders with a saving clause envisaging forced sale,
foreclosure and mutual compensation in the event of protracted failure
to pay the terms assigned, otherwise the messuage to become the absolute
property of the tenant occupier upon expiry of the period of years
stipulated.</p>
<p>What rapid but insecure means to opulence might facilitate immediate
purchase?</p>
<p>A private wireless telegraph which would transmit by dot and dash
system the result of a national equine handicap (flat or steeplechase)
of 1 or more miles and furlongs won by an outsider at odds of 50 to 1 at
3 hr 8 m p.m. at Ascot (Greenwich time), the message being received and
available for betting purposes in Dublin at 2.59 p.m. (Dunsink time).
The unexpected discovery of an object of great monetary value (precious
stone, valuable adhesive or impressed postage stamps (7 schilling,
mauve, imperforate, Hamburg, 1866: 4 pence, rose, blue paper, perforate,
Great Britain, 1855: 1 franc, stone, official, rouletted, diagonal
surcharge, Luxemburg, 1878), antique dynastical ring, unique relic) in
unusual repositories or by unusual means: from the air (dropped by an
eagle in flight), by fire (amid the carbonised remains of an incendiated
edifice), in the sea (amid flotsam, jetsam, lagan and derelict), on
earth (in the gizzard of a comestible fowl). A Spanish prisoner’s
donation of a distant treasure of valuables or specie or bullion lodged
with a solvent banking corporation 100 years previously at 5% compound
interest of the collective worth of £ 5,000,000 stg (five million pounds
sterling). A contract with an inconsiderate contractee for the delivery
of 32 consignments of some given commodity in consideration of cash
payment on delivery per delivery at the initial rate of 1/4d to be
increased constantly in the geometrical progression of 2 (1/4d, 1/2d,
1d, 2d, 4d, 8d, 1s 4d, 2s 8d to 32 terms). A prepared scheme based on a
study of the laws of probability to break the bank at Monte Carlo. A
solution of the secular problem of the quadrature of the circle,
government premium £ 1,000,000 sterling.</p>
<p>Was vast wealth acquirable through industrial channels?</p>
<p>The reclamation of dunams of waste arenary soil, proposed in the
prospectus of Agendath Netaim, Bleibtreustrasse, Berlin, W. 15, by the
cultivation of orange plantations and melonfields and reafforestation.
The utilisation of waste paper, fells of sewer rodents, human excrement
possessing chemical properties, in view of the vast production of the
first, vast number of the second and immense quantity of the third,
every normal human being of average vitality and appetite producing
annually, cancelling byproducts of water, a sum total of 80 lbs. (mixed
animal and vegetable diet), to be multiplied by 4,386,035, the total
population of Ireland according to census returns of 1901.</p>
<p>Were there schemes of wider scope?</p>
<p>A scheme to be formulated and submitted for approval to the harbour
commissioners for the exploitation of white coal (hydraulic power),
obtained by hydroelectric plant at peak of tide at Dublin bar or at head
of water at Poulaphouca or Powerscourt or catchment basins of main
streams for the economic production of 500,000 W. H. P. of electricity.
A scheme to enclose the peninsular delta of the North Bull at Dollymount
and erect on the space of the foreland, used for golf links and rifle
ranges, an asphalted esplanade with casinos, booths, shooting galleries,
hotels, boardinghouses, readingrooms, establishments for mixed bathing.
A scheme for the use of dogvans and goatvans for the delivery of early
morning milk. A scheme for the development of Irish tourist traffic in
and around Dublin by means of petrolpropelled riverboats, plying in the
fluvial fairway between Island bridge and Ringsend, charabancs, narrow
gauge local railways, and pleasure steamers for coastwise navigation
(10/- per person per day, guide (trilingual) included). A scheme for the
repristination of passenger and goods traffics over Irish waterways,
when freed from weedbeds. A scheme to connect by tramline the Cattle
Market (North Circular road and Prussia street) with the quays (Sheriff
street, lower, and East Wall), parallel with the Link line railway laid
(in conjunction with the Great Southern and Western railway line)
between the cattle park, Liffey junction, and terminus of Midland Great
Western Railway 43 to 45 North Wall, in proximity to the terminal
stations or Dublin branches of Great Central Railway, Midland Railway of
England, City of Dublin Steam Packet Company, Lancashire and Yorkshire
Railway Company, Dublin and Glasgow Steam Packet Company, Glasgow,
Dublin and Londonderry Steam Packet Company (Laird line), British and
Irish Steam Packet Company, Dublin and Morecambe Steamers, London and
North Western Railway Company, Dublin Port and Docks Board Landing Sheds
and transit sheds of Palgrave, Murphy and Company, steamship owners,
agents for steamers from Mediterranean, Spain, Portugal, France, Belgium
and Holland and for Liverpool Underwriters’ Association, the cost of
acquired rolling stock for animal transport and of additional mileage
operated by the Dublin United Tramways Company, limited, to be covered
by graziers’ fees.</p>
<p>Positing what protasis would the contraction for such several schemes
become a natural and necessary apodosis?</p>
<p>Given a guarantee equal to the sum sought, the support, by deed of
gift and transfer vouchers during donor’s lifetime or by bequest after
donor’s painless extinction, of eminent financiers (Blum Pasha,
Rothschild, Guggenheim, Hirsch, Montefiore, Morgan, Rockefeller)
possessing fortunes in 6 figures, amassed during a successful life, and
joining capital with opportunity the thing required was done.</p>
<p>What eventuality would render him independent of such wealth?</p>
<p>The independent discovery of a goldseam of inexhaustible ore.</p>
<p>For what reason did he meditate on schemes so difficult of
realisation?</p>
<p>It was one of his axioms that similar meditations or the automatic
relation to himself of a narrative concerning himself or tranquil
recollection of the past when practised habitually before retiring for
the night alleviated fatigue and produced as a result sound repose and
renovated vitality.</p>
<p>His justifications?</p>
<p>As a physicist he had learned that of the 70 years of complete human
life at least 2/7, viz. 20 years are passed in sleep. As a philosopher
he knew that at the termination of any allotted life only an
infinitesimal part of any person’s desires has been realised. As a
physiologist he believed in the artificial placation of malignant
agencies chiefly operative during somnolence.</p>
<p>What did he fear?</p>
<p>The committal of homicide or suicide during sleep by an aberration of
the light of reason, the incommensurable categorical intelligence
situated in the cerebral convolutions.</p>
<p>What were habitually his final meditations?</p>
<p>Of some one sole unique advertisement to cause passers to stop in
wonder, a poster novelty, with all extraneous accretions excluded,
reduced to its simplest and most efficient terms not exceeding the span
of casual vision and congruous with the velocity of modern life.</p>
<p>What did the first drawer unlocked contain?</p>
<p>A Vere Foster’s handwriting copybook, property of Milly (Millicent)
Bloom, certain pages of which bore diagram drawings, marked
<em>Papli</em>, which showed a large globular head with 5 hairs erect, 2
eyes in profile, the trunk full front with 3 large buttons, 1 triangular
foot: 2 fading photographs of queen Alexandra of England and of Maud
Branscombe, actress and professional beauty: a Yuletide card, bearing on
it a pictorial representation of a parasitic plant, the legend
<em>Mizpah</em>, the date Xmas 1892, the name of the senders: from Mr +
Mrs M. Comerford, the versicle: <em>May this Yuletide bring to thee, Joy
and peace and welcome glee</em>: a butt of red partly liquefied sealing
wax, obtained from the stores department of Messrs Hely’s, Ltd., 89, 90,
and 91 Dame street: a box containing the remainder of a gross of gilt
“J” pennibs, obtained from same department of same firm: an old
sandglass which rolled containing sand which rolled: a sealed prophecy
(never unsealed) written by Leopold Bloom in 1886 concerning the
consequences of the passing into law of William Ewart Gladstone’s Home
Rule bill of 1886 (never passed into law): a bazaar ticket,
N<sup>o</sup> 2004, of S. Kevin’s Charity Fair, price 6d, 100 prizes: an
infantile epistle, dated, small em monday, reading: capital pee Papli
comma capital aitch How are you note of interrogation capital eye I am
very well full stop new paragraph signature with flourishes capital em
Milly no stop: a cameo brooch, property of Ellen Bloom (born Higgins),
deceased: a cameo scarfpin, property of Rudolph Bloom (born Virag),
deceased: 3 typewritten letters, addressee, Henry Flower, c/o. P. O.
Westland Row, addresser, Martha Clifford, c/o. P. O. Dolphin’s Barn: the
transliterated name and address of the addresser of the 3 letters in
reversed alphabetic boustrophedonic punctated quadrilinear cryptogram
(vowels suppressed) N. IGS./WI. UU. OX/W. OKS. MH/Y. IM: a press cutting
from an English weekly periodical <em>Modern Society</em>, subject
corporal chastisement in girls’ schools: a pink ribbon which had
festooned an Easter egg in the year 1899: two partly uncoiled rubber
preservatives with reserve pockets, purchased by post from Box 32, P.
O., Charing Cross, London, W. C.: 1 pack of 1 dozen creamlaid envelopes
and feintruled notepaper, watermarked, now reduced by 3: some assorted
Austrian-Hungarian coins: 2 coupons of the Royal and Privileged
Hungarian Lottery: a lowpower magnifying glass: 2 erotic photocards
showing a) buccal coition between nude senorita (rere presentation,
superior position) and nude torero (fore presentation, inferior
position) b) anal violation by male religious (fully clothed, eyes
abject) of female religious (partly clothed, eyes direct), purchased by
post from Box 32, P. O., Charing Cross, London, W. C.: a press cutting
of recipe for renovation of old tan boots: a 1d adhesive stamp,
lavender, of the reign of Queen Victoria: a chart of the measurements of
Leopold Bloom compiled before, during and after 2 months’ consecutive
use of Sandow-Whiteley’s pulley exerciser (men’s 15/-, athlete’s 20/-)
viz. chest 28 in and 29 1/2 in, biceps 9 in and 10 in, forearm 8 1/2 in
and 9 in, thigh 10 in and 12 in, calf 11 in and 12 in: 1 prospectus of
The Wonderworker, the world’s greatest remedy for rectal complaints,
direct from Wonderworker, Coventry House, South Place, London E C,
addressed (erroneously) to Mrs L. Bloom with brief accompanying note
commencing (erroneously): Dear Madam.</p>
<p>Quote the textual terms in which the prospectus claimed advantages
for this thaumaturgic remedy.</p>
<p>It heals and soothes while you sleep, in case of trouble in breaking
wind, assists nature in the most formidable way, insuring instant relief
in discharge of gases, keeping parts clean and free natural action, an
initial outlay of 7/6 making a new man of you and life worth living.
Ladies find Wonderworker especially useful, a pleasant surprise when
they note delightful result like a cool drink of fresh spring water on a
sultry summer’s day. Recommend it to your lady and gentlemen friends,
lasts a lifetime. Insert long round end. Wonderworker.</p>
<p>Were there testimonials?</p>
<p>Numerous. From clergyman, British naval officer, wellknown author,
city man, hospital nurse, lady, mother of five, absentminded beggar.</p>
<p>How did absentminded beggar’s concluding testimonial conclude?</p>
<p>What a pity the government did not supply our men with wonderworkers
during the South African campaign! What a relief it would have been!</p>
<p>What object did Bloom add to this collection of objects?</p>
<p>A 4th typewritten letter received by Henry Flower (let H. F. be L.
B.) from Martha Clifford (find M. C.).</p>
<p>What pleasant reflection accompanied this action?</p>
<p>The reflection that, apart from the letter in question, his magnetic
face, form and address had been favourably received during the course of
the preceding day by a wife (Mrs Josephine Breen, born Josie Powell), a
nurse, Miss Callan (Christian name unknown), a maid, Gertrude (Gerty,
family name unknown).</p>
<p>What possibility suggested itself?</p>
<p>The possibility of exercising virile power of fascination in the not
immediate future after an expensive repast in a private apartment in the
company of an elegant courtesan, of corporal beauty, moderately
mercenary, variously instructed, a lady by origin.</p>
<p>What did the 2nd drawer contain?</p>
<p>Documents: the birth certificate of Leopold Paula Bloom: an endowment
assurance policy of £ 500 in the Scottish Widows’ Assurance Society,
intestated Millicent (Milly) Bloom, coming into force at 25 years as
with profit policy of £ 430, £ 462-10-0 and £ 500 at 60 years or death,
65 years or death and death, respectively, or with profit policy
(paidup) of £ 299-10-0 together with cash payment of £ 133-10-0, at
option: a bank passbook issued by the Ulster Bank, College Green branch
showing statement of a/c for halfyear ending 31 December 1903, balance
in depositor’s favour: £ 18-14-6 (eighteen pounds, fourteen shillings
and sixpence, sterling), net personalty: certificate of possession of £
900, Canadian 4% (inscribed) government stock (free of stamp duty):
dockets of the Catholic Cemeteries’ (Glasnevin) Committee, relative to a
graveplot purchased: a local press cutting concerning change of name by
deedpoll.</p>
<p>Quote the textual terms of this notice.</p>
<p>I, Rudolph Virag, now resident at no 52 Clanbrassil street, Dublin,
formerly of Szombathely in the kingdom of Hungary, hereby give notice
that I have assumed and intend henceforth upon all occasions and at all
times to be known by the name of Rudolph Bloom.</p>
<p>What other objects relative to Rudolph Bloom (born Virag) were in the
2nd drawer?</p>
<p>An indistinct daguerreotype of Rudolf Virag and his father Leopold
Virag executed in the year 1852 in the portrait atelier of their
(respectively) 1st and 2nd cousin, Stefan Virag of Szesfehervar,
Hungary. An ancient haggadah book in which a pair of hornrimmed convex
spectacles inserted marked the passage of thanksgiving in the ritual
prayers for Pessach (Passover): a photocard of the Queen’s Hotel, Ennis,
proprietor, Rudolph Bloom: an envelope addressed: <em>To My Dear Son
Leopold</em>.</p>
<p>What fractions of phrases did the lecture of those five whole words
evoke?</p>
<p>Tomorrow will be a week that I received... it is no use Leopold to be
... with your dear mother... that is not more to stand... to her... all
for me is out... be kind to Athos, Leopold... my dear son... always...
of me... <em>das Herz... Gott... dein</em>...</p>
<p>What reminiscences of a human subject suffering from progressive
melancholia did these objects evoke in Bloom?</p>
<p>An old man, widower, unkempt of hair, in bed, with head covered,
sighing: an infirm dog, Athos: aconite, resorted to by increasing doses
of grains and scruples as a palliative of recrudescent neuralgia: the
face in death of a septuagenarian, suicide by poison.</p>
<p>Why did Bloom experience a sentiment of remorse?</p>
<p>Because in immature impatience he had treated with disrespect certain
beliefs and practices.</p>
<p>As?</p>
<p>The prohibition of the use of fleshmeat and milk at one meal: the
hebdomadary symposium of incoordinately abstract, perfervidly concrete
mercantile coexreligionist excompatriots: the circumcision of male
infants: the supernatural character of Judaic scripture: the
ineffability of the tetragrammaton: the sanctity of the sabbath.</p>
<p>How did these beliefs and practices now appear to him?</p>
<p>Not more rational than they had then appeared, not less rational than
other beliefs and practices now appeared.</p>
<p>What first reminiscence had he of Rudolph Bloom (deceased)?</p>
<p>Rudolph Bloom (deceased) narrated to his son Leopold Bloom (aged 6) a
retrospective arrangement of migrations and settlements in and between
Dublin, London, Florence, Milan, Vienna, Budapest, Szombathely with
statements of satisfaction (his grandfather having seen Maria Theresia,
empress of Austria, queen of Hungary), with commercial advice (having
taken care of pence, the pounds having taken care of themselves).
Leopold Bloom (aged 6) had accompanied these narrations by constant
consultation of a geographical map of Europe (political) and by
suggestions for the establishment of affiliated business premises in the
various centres mentioned.</p>
<p>Had time equally but differently obliterated the memory of these
migrations in narrator and listener?</p>
<p>In narrator by the access of years and in consequence of the use of
narcotic toxin: in listener by the access of years and in consequence of
the action of distraction upon vicarious experiences.</p>
<p>What idiosyncracies of the narrator were concomitant products of
amnesia?</p>
<p>Occasionally he ate without having previously removed his hat.
Occasionally he drank voraciously the juice of gooseberry fool from an
inclined plate. Occasionally he removed from his lips the traces of food
by means of a lacerated envelope or other accessible fragment of
paper.</p>
<p>What two phenomena of senescence were more frequent?</p>
<p>The myopic digital calculation of coins, eructation consequent upon
repletion.</p>
<p>What object offered partial consolation for these reminiscences?</p>
<p>The endowment policy, the bank passbook, the certificate of the
possession of scrip.</p>
<p>Reduce Bloom by cross multiplication of reverses of fortune, from
which these supports protected him, and by elimination of all positive
values to a negligible negative irrational unreal quantity.</p>
<p>Successively, in descending helotic order: Poverty: that of the
outdoor hawker of imitation jewellery, the dun for the recovery of bad
and doubtful debts, the poor rate and deputy cess collector. Mendicancy:
that of the fraudulent bankrupt with negligible assets paying 1/4d in
the £, sandwichman, distributor of throwaways, nocturnal vagrant,
insinuating sycophant, maimed sailor, blind stripling, superannuated
bailiff’s man, marfeast, lickplate, spoilsport, pickthank, eccentric
public laughingstock seated on bench of public park under discarded
perforated umbrella. Destitution: the inmate of Old Man’s House (Royal
Hospital), Kilmainham, the inmate of Simpson’s Hospital for reduced but
respectable men permanently disabled by gout or want of sight. Nadir of
misery: the aged impotent disfranchised ratesupported moribund lunatic
pauper.</p>
<p>With which attendant indignities?</p>
<p>The unsympathetic indifference of previously amiable females, the
contempt of muscular males, the acceptance of fragments of bread, the
simulated ignorance of casual acquaintances, the latration of
illegitimate unlicensed vagabond dogs, the infantile discharge of
decomposed vegetable missiles, worth little or nothing, nothing or less
than nothing.</p>
<p>By what could such a situation be precluded?</p>
<p>By decease (change of state): by departure (change of place).</p>
<p>Which preferably?</p>
<p>The latter, by the line of least resistance.</p>
<p>What considerations rendered departure not entirely undesirable?</p>
<p>Constant cohabitation impeding mutual toleration of personal defects.
The habit of independent purchase increasingly cultivated. The necessity
to counteract by impermanent sojourn the permanence of arrest.</p>
<p>What considerations rendered departure not irrational?</p>
<p>The parties concerned, uniting, had increased and multiplied, which
being done, offspring produced and educed to maturity, the parties, if
not disunited were obliged to reunite for increase and multiplication,
which was absurd, to form by reunion the original couple of uniting
parties, which was impossible.</p>
<p>What considerations rendered departure desirable?</p>
<p>The attractive character of certain localities in Ireland and abroad,
as represented in general geographical maps of polychrome design or in
special ordnance survey charts by employment of scale numerals and
hachures.</p>
<p>In Ireland?</p>
<p>The cliffs of Moher, the windy wilds of Connemara, lough Neagh with
submerged petrified city, the Giant’s Causeway, Fort Camden and Fort
Carlisle, the Golden Vale of Tipperary, the islands of Aran, the
pastures of royal Meath, Brigid’s elm in Kildare, the Queen’s Island
shipyard in Belfast, the Salmon Leap, the lakes of Killarney.</p>
<p>Abroad?</p>
<p>Ceylon (with spicegardens supplying tea to Thomas Kernan, agent for
Pulbrook, Robertson and Co, 2 Mincing Lane, London, E. C., 5 Dame
street, Dublin), Jerusalem, the holy city (with mosque of Omar and gate
of Damascus, goal of aspiration), the straits of Gibraltar (the unique
birthplace of Marion Tweedy), the Parthenon (containing statues of nude
Grecian divinities), the Wall street money market (which controlled
international finance), the Plaza de Toros at La Linea, Spain (where
O’Hara of the Camerons had slain the bull), Niagara (over which no human
being had passed with impunity), the land of the Eskimos (eaters of
soap), the forbidden country of Thibet (from which no traveller
returns), the bay of Naples (to see which was to die), the Dead Sea.</p>
<p>Under what guidance, following what signs?</p>
<p>At sea, septentrional, by night the polestar, located at the point of
intersection of the right line from beta to alpha in Ursa Maior produced
and divided externally at omega and the hypotenuse of the rightangled
triangle formed by the line alpha omega so produced and the line alpha
delta of Ursa Maior. On land, meridional, a bispherical moon, revealed
in imperfect varying phases of lunation through the posterior interstice
of the imperfectly occluded skirt of a carnose negligent perambulating
female, a pillar of the cloud by day.</p>
<p>What public advertisement would divulge the occultation of the
departed?</p>
<p>£ 5 reward, lost, stolen or strayed from his residence 7 Eccles
street, missing gent about 40, answering to the name of Bloom, Leopold
(Poldy), height 5 ft 9 1/2 inches, full build, olive complexion, may
have since grown a beard, when last seen was wearing a black suit. Above
sum will be paid for information leading to his discovery.</p>
<p>What universal binomial denominations would be his as entity and
nonentity?</p>
<p>Assumed by any or known to none. Everyman or Noman.</p>
<p>What tributes his?</p>
<p>Honour and gifts of strangers, the friends of Everyman. A nymph
immortal, beauty, the bride of Noman.</p>
<p>Would the departed never nowhere nohow reappear?</p>
<p>Ever he would wander, selfcompelled, to the extreme limit of his
cometary orbit, beyond the fixed stars and variable suns and telescopic
planets, astronomical waifs and strays, to the extreme boundary of
space, passing from land to land, among peoples, amid events. Somewhere
imperceptibly he would hear and somehow reluctantly, suncompelled, obey
the summons of recall. Whence, disappearing from the constellation of
the Northern Crown he would somehow reappear reborn above delta in the
constellation of Cassiopeia and after incalculable eons of peregrination
return an estranged avenger, a wreaker of justice on malefactors, a dark
crusader, a sleeper awakened, with financial resources (by supposition)
surpassing those of Rothschild or the silver king.</p>
<p>What would render such return irrational?</p>
<p>An unsatisfactory equation between an exodus and return in time
through reversible space and an exodus and return in space through
irreversible time.</p>
<p>What play of forces, inducing inertia, rendered departure
undesirable?</p>
<p>The lateness of the hour, rendering procrastinatory: the obscurity of
the night, rendering invisible: the uncertainty of thoroughfares,
rendering perilous: the necessity for repose, obviating movement: the
proximity of an occupied bed, obviating research: the anticipation of
warmth (human) tempered with coolness (linen), obviating desire and
rendering desirable: the statue of Narcissus, sound without echo,
desired desire.</p>
<p>What advantages were possessed by an occupied, as distinct from an
unoccupied bed?</p>
<p>The removal of nocturnal solitude, the superior quality of human
(mature female) to inhuman (hotwaterjar) calefaction, the stimulation of
matutinal contact, the economy of mangling done on the premises in the
case of trousers accurately folded and placed lengthwise between the
spring mattress (striped) and the woollen mattress (biscuit
section).</p>
<p>What past consecutive causes, before rising preapprehended, of
accumulated fatigue did Bloom, before rising, silently recapitulate?</p>
<p>The preparation of breakfast (burnt offering): intestinal congestion
and premeditative defecation (holy of holies): the bath (rite of John):
the funeral (rite of Samuel): the advertisement of Alexander Keyes (Urim
and Thummim): the unsubstantial lunch (rite of Melchisedek): the visit
to museum and national library (holy place): the bookhunt along Bedford
row, Merchants’ Arch, Wellington Quay (Simchath Torah): the music in the
Ormond Hotel (Shira Shirim): the altercation with a truculent troglodyte
in Bernard Kiernan’s premises (holocaust): a blank period of time
including a cardrive, a visit to a house of mourning, a leavetaking
(wilderness): the eroticism produced by feminine exhibitionism (rite of
Onan): the prolonged delivery of Mrs Mina Purefoy (heave offering): the
visit to the disorderly house of Mrs Bella Cohen, 82 Tyrone street,
lower, and subsequent brawl and chance medley in Beaver street
(Armageddon): nocturnal perambulation to and from the cabman’s shelter,
Butt Bridge (atonement).</p>
<p>What selfimposed enigma did Bloom about to rise in order to go so as
to conclude lest he should not conclude involuntarily apprehend?</p>
<p>The cause of a brief sharp unforeseen heard loud lone crack emitted
by the insentient material of a strainveined timber table.</p>
<p>What selfinvolved enigma did Bloom risen, going, gathering
multicoloured multiform multitudinous garments, voluntarily
apprehending, not comprehend?</p>
<p>Who was M’Intosh?</p>
<p>What selfevident enigma pondered with desultory constancy during 30
years did Bloom now, having effected natural obscurity by the extinction
of artificial light, silently suddenly comprehend?</p>
<p>Where was Moses when the candle went out?</p>
<p>What imperfections in a perfect day did Bloom, walking, charged with
collected articles of recently disvested male wearing apparel, silently,
successively, enumerate?</p>
<p>A provisional failure to obtain renewal of an advertisement: to
obtain a certain quantity of tea from Thomas Kernan (agent for Pulbrook,
Robertson and Co, 5 Dame Street, Dublin, and 2 Mincing Lane, London E.
C.): to certify the presence or absence of posterior rectal orifice in
the case of Hellenic female divinities: to obtain admission (gratuitous
or paid) to the performance of <em>Leah</em> by Mrs Bandmann Palmer at
the Gaiety Theatre, 46, 47, 48, 49 South King street.</p>
<p>What impression of an absent face did Bloom, arrested, silently
recall?</p>
<p>The face of her father, the late Major Brian Cooper Tweedy, Royal
Dublin Fusiliers, of Gibraltar and Rehoboth, Dolphin’s Barn.</p>
<p>What recurrent impressions of the same were possible by
hypothesis?</p>
<p>Retreating, at the terminus of the Great Northern Railway, Amiens
street, with constant uniform acceleration, along parallel lines meeting
at infinity, if produced: along parallel lines, reproduced from
infinity, with constant uniform retardation, at the terminus of the
Great Northern Railway, Amiens street, returning.</p>
<p>What miscellaneous effects of female personal wearing apparel were
perceived by him?</p>
<p>A pair of new inodorous halfsilk black ladies’ hose, a pair of new
violet garters, a pair of outsize ladies’ drawers of India mull, cut on
generous lines, redolent of opoponax, jessamine and Muratti’s Turkish
cigarettes and containing a long bright steel safety pin, folded
curvilinear, a camisole of batiste with thin lace border, an accordion
underskirt of blue silk moirette, all these objects being disposed
irregularly on the top of a rectangular trunk, quadruple battened,
having capped corners, with multicoloured labels, initialled on its fore
side in white lettering B. C. T. (Brian Cooper Tweedy).</p>
<p>What impersonal objects were perceived?</p>
<p>A commode, one leg fractured, totally covered by square cretonne
cutting, apple design, on which rested a lady’s black straw hat.
Orangekeyed ware, bought of Henry Price, basket, fancy goods, chinaware
and ironmongery manufacturer, 21, 22, 23 Moore street, disposed
irregularly on the washstand and floor and consisting of basin, soapdish
and brushtray (on the washstand, together), pitcher and night article
(on the floor, separate).</p>
<p>Bloom’s acts?</p>
<p>He deposited the articles of clothing on a chair, removed his
remaining articles of clothing, took from beneath the bolster at the
head of the bed a folded long white nightshirt, inserted his head and
arms into the proper apertures of the nightshirt, removed a pillow from
the head to the foot of the bed, prepared the bedlinen accordingly and
entered the bed.</p>
<p>How?</p>
<p>With circumspection, as invariably when entering an abode (his own or
not his own): with solicitude, the snakespiral springs of the mattress
being old, the brass quoits and pendent viper radii loose and tremulous
under stress and strain: prudently, as entering a lair or ambush of lust
or adders: lightly, the less to disturb: reverently, the bed of
conception and of birth, of consummation of marriage and of breach of
marriage, of sleep and of death.</p>
<p>What did his limbs, when gradually extended, encounter?</p>
<p>New clean bedlinen, additional odours, the presence of a human form,
female, hers, the imprint of a human form, male, not his, some crumbs,
some flakes of potted meat, recooked, which he removed.</p>
<p>If he had smiled why would he have smiled?</p>
<p>To reflect that each one who enters imagines himself to be the first
to enter whereas he is always the last term of a preceding series even
if the first term of a succeeding one, each imagining himself to be
first, last, only and alone whereas he is neither first nor last nor
only nor alone in a series originating in and repeated to infinity.</p>
<p>What preceding series?</p>
<p>Assuming Mulvey to be the first term of his series, Penrose, Bartell
d’Arcy, professor Goodwin, Julius Mastiansky, John Henry Menton, Father
Bernard Corrigan, a farmer at the Royal Dublin Society’s Horse Show,
Maggot O’Reilly, Matthew Dillon, Valentine Blake Dillon (Lord Mayor of
Dublin), Christopher Callinan, Lenehan, an Italian organgrinder, an
unknown gentleman in the Gaiety Theatre, Benjamin Dollard, Simon
Dedalus, Andrew (Pisser) Burke, Joseph Cuffe, Wisdom Hely, Alderman John
Hooper, Dr Francis Brady, Father Sebastian of Mount Argus, a bootblack
at the General Post Office, Hugh E. (Blazes) Boylan and so each and so
on to no last term.</p>
<p>What were his reflections concerning the last member of this series
and late occupant of the bed?</p>
<p>Reflections on his vigour (a bounder), corporal proportion (a
billsticker), commercial ability (a bester), impressionability (a
boaster).</p>
<p>Why for the observer impressionability in addition to vigour,
corporal proportion and commercial ability?</p>
<p>Because he had observed with augmenting frequency in the preceding
members of the same series the same concupiscence, inflammably
transmitted, first with alarm, then with understanding, then with
desire, finally with fatigue, with alternating symptoms of epicene
comprehension and apprehension.</p>
<p>With what antagonistic sentiments were his subsequent reflections
affected?</p>
<p>Envy, jealousy, abnegation, equanimity.</p>
<p>Envy?</p>
<p>Of a bodily and mental male organism specially adapted for the
superincumbent posture of energetic human copulation and energetic
piston and cylinder movement necessary for the complete satisfaction of
a constant but not acute concupiscence resident in a bodily and mental
female organism, passive but not obtuse.</p>
<p>Jealousy?</p>
<p>Because a nature full and volatile in its free state, was alternately
the agent and reagent of attraction. Because attraction between agent(s)
and reagent(s) at all instants varied, with inverse proportion of
increase and decrease, with incessant circular extension and radial
reentrance. Because the controlled contemplation of the fluctuation of
attraction produced, if desired, a fluctuation of pleasure.</p>
<p>Abnegation?</p>
<p>In virtue of a) acquaintance initiated in September 1903 in the
establishment of George Mesias, merchant tailor and outfitter, 5 Eden
Quay, b) hospitality extended and received in kind, reciprocated and
reappropriated in person, c) comparative youth subject to impulses of
ambition and magnanimity, colleagual altruism and amorous egoism, d)
extraracial attraction, intraracial inhibition, supraracial prerogative,
e) an imminent provincial musical tour, common current expenses, net
proceeds divided.</p>
<p>Equanimity?</p>
<p>As as natural as any and every natural act of a nature expressed or
understood executed in natured nature by natural creatures in accordance
with his, her and their natured natures, of dissimilar similarity. As
not so calamitous as a cataclysmic annihilation of the planet in
consequence of a collision with a dark sun. As less reprehensible than
theft, highway robbery, cruelty to children and animals, obtaining money
under false pretences, forgery, embezzlement, misappropriation of public
money, betrayal of public trust, malingering, mayhem, corruption of
minors, criminal libel, blackmail, contempt of court, arson, treason,
felony, mutiny on the high seas, trespass, burglary, jailbreaking,
practice of unnatural vice, desertion from armed forces in the field,
perjury, poaching, usury, intelligence with the king’s enemies,
impersonation, criminal assault, manslaughter, wilful and premeditated
murder. As not more abnormal than all other parallel processes of
adaptation to altered conditions of existence, resulting in a reciprocal
equilibrium between the bodily organism and its attendant circumstances,
foods, beverages, acquired habits, indulged inclinations, significant
disease. As more than inevitable, irreparable.</p>
<p>Why more abnegation than jealousy, less envy than equanimity?</p>
<p>From outrage (matrimony) to outrage (adultery) there arose nought but
outrage (copulation) yet the matrimonial violator of the matrimonially
violated had not been outraged by the adulterous violator of the
adulterously violated.</p>
<p>What retribution, if any?</p>
<p>Assassination, never, as two wrongs did not make one right. Duel by
combat, no. Divorce, not now. Exposure by mechanical artifice (automatic
bed) or individual testimony (concealed ocular witnesses), not yet. Suit
for damages by legal influence or simulation of assault with evidence of
injuries sustained (selfinflicted), not impossibly. Hushmoney by moral
influence, possibly. If any, positively, connivance, introduction of
emulation (material, a prosperous rival agency of publicity: moral, a
successful rival agent of intimacy), depreciation, alienation,
humiliation, separation protecting the one separated from the other,
protecting the separator from both.</p>
<p>By what reflections did he, a conscious reactor against the void of
incertitude, justify to himself his sentiments?</p>
<p>The preordained frangibility of the hymen: the presupposed
intangibility of the thing in itself: the incongruity and disproportion
between the selfprolonging tension of the thing proposed to be done and
the selfabbreviating relaxation of the thing done: the fallaciously
inferred debility of the female: the muscularity of the male: the
variations of ethical codes: the natural grammatical transition by
inversion involving no alteration of sense of an aorist preterite
proposition (parsed as masculine subject, monosyllabic onomatopoeic
transitive verb with direct feminine object) from the active voice into
its correlative aorist preterite proposition (parsed as feminine
subject, auxiliary verb and quasimonosyllabic onomatopoeic past
participle with complementary masculine agent) in the passive voice: the
continued product of seminators by generation: the continual production
of semen by distillation: the futility of triumph or protest or
vindication: the inanity of extolled virtue: the lethargy of nescient
matter: the apathy of the stars.</p>
<p>In what final satisfaction did these antagonistic sentiments and
reflections, reduced to their simplest forms, converge?</p>
<p>Satisfaction at the ubiquity in eastern and western terrestrial
hemispheres, in all habitable lands and islands explored or unexplored
(the land of the midnight sun, the islands of the blessed, the isles of
Greece, the land of promise), of adipose anterior and posterior female
hemispheres, redolent of milk and honey and of excretory sanguine and
seminal warmth, reminiscent of secular families of curves of amplitude,
insusceptible of moods of impression or of contrarieties of expression,
expressive of mute immutable mature animality.</p>
<p>The visible signs of antesatisfaction?</p>
<p>An approximate erection: a solicitous adversion: a gradual elevation:
a tentative revelation: a silent contemplation.</p>
<p>Then?</p>
<p>He kissed the plump mellow yellow smellow melons of her rump, on each
plump melonous hemisphere, in their mellow yellow furrow, with obscure
prolonged provocative melonsmellonous osculation.</p>
<p>The visible signs of postsatisfaction?</p>
<p>A silent contemplation: a tentative velation: a gradual abasement: a
solicitous aversion: a proximate erection.</p>
<p>What followed this silent action?</p>
<p>Somnolent invocation, less somnolent recognition, incipient
excitation, catechetical interrogation.</p>
<p>With what modifications did the narrator reply to this
interrogation?</p>
<p>Negative: he omitted to mention the clandestine correspondence
between Martha Clifford and Henry Flower, the public altercation at, in
and in the vicinity of the licensed premises of Bernard Kiernan and Co,
Limited, 8, 9 and 10 Little Britain street, the erotic provocation and
response thereto caused by the exhibitionism of Gertrude (Gerty),
surname unknown. Positive: he included mention of a performance by Mrs
Bandmann Palmer of <em>Leah</em> at the Gaiety Theatre, 46, 47, 48, 49
South King street, an invitation to supper at Wynn’s (Murphy’s) Hotel,
35, 36 and 37 Lower Abbey street, a volume of peccaminous pornographical
tendency entituled <em>Sweets of Sin</em>, anonymous author a gentleman
of fashion, a temporary concussion caused by a falsely calculated
movement in the course of a postcenal gymnastic display, the victim
(since completely recovered) being Stephen Dedalus, professor and
author, eldest surviving son of Simon Dedalus, of no fixed occupation,
an aeronautical feat executed by him (narrator) in the presence of a
witness, the professor and author aforesaid, with promptitude of
decision and gymnastic flexibility.</p>
<p>Was the narration otherwise unaltered by modifications?</p>
<p>Absolutely.</p>
<p>Which event or person emerged as the salient point of his
narration?</p>
<p>Stephen Dedalus, professor and author.</p>
<p>What limitations of activity and inhibitions of conjugal rights were
perceived by listener and narrator concerning themselves during the
course of this intermittent and increasingly more laconic narration?</p>
<p>By the listener a limitation of fertility inasmuch as marriage had
been celebrated 1 calendar month after the 18th anniversary of her birth
(8 September 1870), viz. 8 October, and consummated on the same date
with female issue born 15 June 1889, having been anticipatorily
consummated on the 10 September of the same year and complete carnal
intercourse, with ejaculation of semen within the natural female organ,
having last taken place 5 weeks previous, viz. 27 November 1893, to the
birth on 29 December 1893 of second (and only male) issue, deceased 9
January 1894, aged 11 days, there remained a period of 10 years, 5
months and 18 days during which carnal intercourse had been incomplete,
without ejaculation of semen within the natural female organ. By the
narrator a limitation of activity, mental and corporal, inasmuch as
complete mental intercourse between himself and the listener had not
taken place since the consummation of puberty, indicated by catamenic
hemorrhage, of the female issue of narrator and listener, 15 September
1903, there remained a period of 9 months and 1 day during which, in
consequence of a preestablished natural comprehension in incomprehension
between the consummated females (listener and issue), complete corporal
liberty of action had been circumscribed.</p>
<p>How?</p>
<p>By various reiterated feminine interrogation concerning the masculine
destination whither, the place where, the time at which, the duration
for which, the object with which in the case of temporary absences,
projected or effected.</p>
<p>What moved visibly above the listener’s and the narrator’s invisible
thoughts?</p>
<p>The upcast reflection of a lamp and shade, an inconstant series of
concentric circles of varying gradations of light and shadow.</p>
<p>In what directions did listener and narrator lie?</p>
<p>Listener, S. E. by E.: Narrator, N. W. by W.: on the 53rd parallel of
latitude, N., and 6th meridian of longitude, W.: at an angle of 45° to
the terrestrial equator.</p>
<p>In what state of rest or motion?</p>
<p>At rest relatively to themselves and to each other. In motion being
each and both carried westward, forward and rereward respectively, by
the proper perpetual motion of the earth through everchanging tracks of
neverchanging space.</p>
<p>In what posture?</p>
<p>Listener: reclined semilaterally, left, left hand under head, right
leg extended in a straight line and resting on left leg, flexed, in the
attitude of Gea-Tellus, fulfilled, recumbent, big with seed. Narrator:
reclined laterally, left, with right and left legs flexed, the index
finger and thumb of the right hand resting on the bridge of the nose, in
the attitude depicted in a snapshot photograph made by Percy Apjohn, the
childman weary, the manchild in the womb.</p>
<p>Womb? Weary?</p>
<p>He rests. He has travelled.</p>
<p>With?</p>
<p>Sinbad the Sailor and Tinbad the Tailor and Jinbad the Jailer and
Whinbad the Whaler and Ninbad the Nailer and Finbad the Failer and
Binbad the Bailer and Pinbad the Pailer and Minbad the Mailer and Hinbad
the Hailer and Rinbad the Railer and Dinbad the Kailer and Vinbad the
Quailer and Linbad the Yailer and Xinbad the Phthailer.</p>
<p>When?</p>
<p>Going to dark bed there was a square round Sinbad the Sailor roc’s
auk’s egg in the night of the bed of all the auks of the rocs of
Darkinbad the Brightdayler.</p>
<p>Where?</p>
<p>•</p>
</div>
<p><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html"></span></p>
<section id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html_pgepubid00085"
class="chapter">
<h3><span id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-27.htm.html_chap18"></span>[ 18
]</h3>
<p>Yes because he never did a thing like that before as ask to get his
breakfast in bed with a couple of eggs since the <em>City Arms</em>
hotel when he used to be pretending to be laid up with a sick voice
doing his highness to make himself interesting for that old faggot Mrs
Riordan that he thought he had a great leg of and she never left us a
farthing all for masses for herself and her soul greatest miser ever was
actually afraid to lay out 4d for her methylated spirit telling me all
her ailments she had too much old chat in her about politics and
earthquakes and the end of the world let us have a bit of fun first God
help the world if all the women were her sort down on bathingsuits and
lownecks of course nobody wanted her to wear them I suppose she was
pious because no man would look at her twice I hope Ill never be like
her a wonder she didnt want us to cover our faces but she was a
welleducated woman certainly and her gabby talk about Mr Riordan here
and Mr Riordan there I suppose he was glad to get shut of her and her
dog smelling my fur and always edging to get up under my petticoats
especially then still I like that in him polite to old women like that
and waiters and beggars too hes not proud out of nothing but not always
if ever he got anything really serious the matter with him its much
better for them to go into a hospital where everything is clean but I
suppose Id have to dring it into him for a month yes and then wed have a
hospital nurse next thing on the carpet have him staying there till they
throw him out or a nun maybe like the smutty photo he has shes as much a
nun as Im not yes because theyre so weak and puling when theyre sick
they want a woman to get well if his nose bleeds youd think it was O
tragic and that dyinglooking one off the south circular when he sprained
his foot at the choir party at the sugarloaf Mountain the day I wore
that dress Miss Stack bringing him flowers the worst old ones she could
find at the bottom of the basket anything at all to get into a mans
bedroom with her old maids voice trying to imagine he was dying on
account of her to never see thy face again though he looked more like a
man with his beard a bit grown in the bed father was the same besides I
hate bandaging and dosing when he cut his toe with the razor paring his
corns afraid hed get bloodpoisoning but if it was a thing I was sick
then wed see what attention only of course the woman hides it not to
give all the trouble they do yes he came somewhere Im sure by his
appetite anyway love its not or hed be off his feed thinking of her so
either it was one of those night women if it was down there he was
really and the hotel story he made up a pack of lies to hide it planning
it Hynes kept me who did I meet ah yes I met do you remember Menton and
who else who let me see that big babbyface I saw him and he not long
married flirting with a young girl at Pooles Myriorama and turned my
back on him when he slinked out looking quite conscious what harm but he
had the impudence to make up to me one time well done to him mouth
almighty and his boiled eyes of all the big stupoes I ever met and thats
called a solicitor only for I hate having a long wrangle in bed or else
if its not that its some little bitch or other he got in with somewhere
or picked up on the sly if they only knew him as well as I do yes
because the day before yesterday he was scribbling something a letter
when I came into the front room to show him Dignams death in the paper
as if something told me and he covered it up with the blottingpaper
pretending to be thinking about business so very probably that was it to
somebody who thinks she has a softy in him because all men get a bit
like that at his age especially getting on to forty he is now so as to
wheedle any money she can out of him no fool like an old fool and then
the usual kissing my bottom was to hide it not that I care two straws
now who he does it with or knew before that way though Id like to find
out so long as I dont have the two of them under my nose all the time
like that slut that Mary we had in Ontario terrace padding out her false
bottom to excite him bad enough to get the smell of those painted women
off him once or twice I had a suspicion by getting him to come near me
when I found the long hair on his coat without that one when I went into
the kitchen pretending he was drinking water 1 woman is not enough for
them it was all his fault of course ruining servants then proposing that
she could eat at our table on Christmas day if you please O no thank you
not in my house stealing my potatoes and the oysters 2/6 per doz going
out to see her aunt if you please common robbery so it was but I was
sure he had something on with that one it takes me to find out a thing
like that he said you have no proof it was her proof O yes her aunt was
very fond of oysters but I told her what I thought of her suggesting me
to go out to be alone with her I wouldnt lower myself to spy on them the
garters I found in her room the Friday she was out that was enough for
me a little bit too much her face swelled up on her with temper when I
gave her her weeks notice I saw to that better do without them
altogether do out the rooms myself quicker only for the damn cooking and
throwing out the dirt I gave it to him anyhow either she or me leaves
the house I couldnt even touch him if I thought he was with a dirty
barefaced liar and sloven like that one denying it up to my face and
singing about the place in the W C too because she knew she was too well
off yes because he couldnt possibly do without it that long so he must
do it somewhere and the last time he came on my bottom when was it the
night Boylan gave my hand a great squeeze going along by the Tolka in my
hand there steals another I just pressed the back of his like that with
my thumb to squeeze back singing the young May moon shes beaming love
because he has an idea about him and me hes not such a fool he said Im
dining out and going to the Gaiety though Im not going to give him the
satisfaction in any case God knows hes a change in a way not to be
always and ever wearing the same old hat unless I paid some nicelooking
boy to do it since I cant do it myself a young boy would like me Id
confuse him a little alone with him if we were Id let him see my garters
the new ones and make him turn red looking at him seduce him I know what
boys feel with that down on their cheek doing that frigging drawing out
the thing by the hour question and answer would you do this that and the
other with the coalman yes with a bishop yes I would because I told him
about some dean or bishop was sitting beside me in the jews temples
gardens when I was knitting that woollen thing a stranger to Dublin what
place was it and so on about the monuments and he tired me out with
statues encouraging him making him worse than he is who is in your mind
now tell me who are you thinking of who is it tell me his name who tell
me who the german Emperor is it yes imagine Im him think of him can you
feel him trying to make a whore of me what he never will he ought to
give it up now at this age of his life simply ruination for any woman
and no satisfaction in it pretending to like it till he comes and then
finish it off myself anyway and it makes your lips pale anyhow its done
now once and for all with all the talk of the world about it people make
its only the first time after that its just the ordinary do it and think
no more about it why cant you kiss a man without going and marrying him
first you sometimes love to wildly when you feel that way so nice all
over you you cant help yourself I wish some man or other would take me
sometime when hes there and kiss me in his arms theres nothing like a
kiss long and hot down to your soul almost paralyses you then I hate
that confession when I used to go to Father Corrigan he touched me
father and what harm if he did where and I said on the canal bank like a
fool but whereabouts on your person my child on the leg behind high up
was it yes rather high up was it where you sit down yes O Lord couldnt
he say bottom right out and have done with it what has that got to do
with it and did you whatever way he put it I forget no father and I
always think of the real father what did he want to know for when I
already confessed it to God he had a nice fat hand the palm moist always
I wouldnt mind feeling it neither would he Id say by the bullneck in his
horsecollar I wonder did he know me in the box I could see his face he
couldnt see mine of course hed never turn or let on still his eyes were
red when his father died theyre lost for a woman of course must be
terrible when a man cries let alone them Id like to be embraced by one
in his vestments and the smell of incense off him like the pope besides
theres no danger with a priest if youre married hes too careful about
himself then give something to H H the pope for a penance I wonder was
he satisfied with me one thing I didnt like his slapping me behind going
away so familiarly in the hall though I laughed Im not a horse or an ass
am I I suppose he was thinking of his fathers I wonder is he awake
thinking of me or dreaming am I in it who gave him that flower he said
he bought he smelt of some kind of drink not whisky or stout or perhaps
the sweety kind of paste they stick their bills up with some liqueur Id
like to sip those richlooking green and yellow expensive drinks those
stagedoor johnnies drink with the opera hats I tasted once with my
finger dipped out of that American that had the squirrel talking stamps
with father he had all he could do to keep himself from falling asleep
after the last time after we took the port and potted meat it had a fine
salty taste yes because I felt lovely and tired myself and fell asleep
as sound as a top the moment I popped straight into bed till that
thunder woke me up God be merciful to us I thought the heavens were
coming down about us to punish us when I blessed myself and said a Hail
Mary like those awful thunderbolts in Gibraltar as if the world was
coming to an end and then they come and tell you theres no God what
could you do if it was running and rushing about nothing only make an
act of contrition the candle I lit that evening in Whitefriars street
chapel for the month of May see it brought its luck though hed scoff if
he heard because he never goes to church mass or meeting he says your
soul you have no soul inside only grey matter because he doesnt know
what it is to have one yes when I lit the lamp because he must have come
3 or 4 times with that tremendous big red brute of a thing he has I
thought the vein or whatever the dickens they call it was going to burst
though his nose is not so big after I took off all my things with the
blinds down after my hours dressing and perfuming and combing it like
iron or some kind of a thick crowbar standing all the time he must have
eaten oysters I think a few dozen he was in great singing voice no I
never in all my life felt anyone had one the size of that to make you
feel full up he must have eaten a whole sheep after whats the idea
making us like that with a big hole in the middle of us or like a
Stallion driving it up into you because thats all they want out of you
with that determined vicious look in his eye I had to halfshut my eyes
still he hasnt such a tremendous amount of spunk in him when I made him
pull out and do it on me considering how big it is so much the better in
case any of it wasnt washed out properly the last time I let him finish
it in me nice invention they made for women for him to get all the
pleasure but if someone gave them a touch of it themselves theyd know
what I went through with Milly nobody would believe cutting her teeth
too and Mina Purefoys husband give us a swing out of your whiskers
filling her up with a child or twins once a year as regular as the clock
always with a smell of children off her the one they called budgers or
something like a nigger with a shock of hair on it Jesusjack the child
is a black the last time I was there a squad of them falling over one
another and bawling you couldnt hear your ears supposed to be healthy
not satisfied till they have us swollen out like elephants or I dont
know what supposing I risked having another not off him though still if
he was married Im sure hed have a fine strong child but I dont know
Poldy has more spunk in him yes thatd be awfully jolly I suppose it was
meeting Josie Powell and the funeral and thinking about me and Boylan
set him off well he can think what he likes now if thatll do him any
good I know they were spooning a bit when I came on the scene he was
dancing and sitting out with her the night of Georgina Simpsons
housewarming and then he wanted to ram it down my neck it was on account
of not liking to see her a wallflower that was why we had the standup
row over politics he began it not me when he said about Our Lord being a
carpenter at last he made me cry of course a woman is so sensitive about
everything I was fuming with myself after for giving in only for I knew
he was gone on me and the first socialist he said He was he annoyed me
so much I couldnt put him into a temper still he knows a lot of mixedup
things especially about the body and the inside I often wanted to study
up that myself what we have inside us in that family physician I could
always hear his voice talking when the room was crowded and watch him
after that I pretended I had a coolness on with her over him because he
used to be a bit on the jealous side whenever he asked who are you going
to and I said over to Floey and he made me the present of Byrons poems
and the three pairs of gloves so that finished that I could quite easily
get him to make it up any time I know how Id even supposing he got in
with her again and was going out to see her somewhere Id know if he
refused to eat the onions I know plenty of ways ask him to tuck down the
collar of my blouse or touch him with my veil and gloves on going out 1
kiss then would send them all spinning however alright well see then let
him go to her she of course would only be too delighted to pretend shes
mad in love with him that I wouldnt so much mind Id just go to her and
ask her do you love him and look her square in the eyes she couldnt fool
me but he might imagine he was and make a declaration to her with his
plabbery kind of a manner like he did to me though I had the devils own
job to get it out of him though I liked him for that it showed he could
hold in and wasnt to be got for the asking he was on the pop of asking
me too the night in the kitchen I was rolling the potato cake theres
something I want to say to you only for I put him off letting on I was
in a temper with my hands and arms full of pasty flour in any case I let
out too much the night before talking of dreams so I didnt want to let
him know more than was good for him she used to be always embracing me
Josie whenever he was there meaning him of course glauming me over and
when I said I washed up and down as far as possible asking me and did
you wash possible the women are always egging on to that putting it on
thick when hes there they know by his sly eye blinking a bit putting on
the indifferent when they come out with something the kind he is what
spoils him I dont wonder in the least because he was very handsome at
that time trying to look like Lord Byron I said I liked though he was
too beautiful for a man and he was a little before we got engaged
afterwards though she didnt like it so much the day I was in fits of
laughing with the giggles I couldnt stop about all my hairpins falling
out one after another with the mass of hair I had youre always in great
humour she said yes because it grigged her because she knew what it
meant because I used to tell her a good bit of what went on between us
not all but just enough to make her mouth water but that wasnt my fault
she didnt darken the door much after we were married I wonder what shes
got like now after living with that dotty husband of hers she had her
face beginning to look drawn and run down the last time I saw her she
must have been just after a row with him because I saw on the moment she
was edging to draw down a conversation about husbands and talk about him
to run him down what was it she told me O yes that sometimes he used to
go to bed with his muddy boots on when the maggot takes him just imagine
having to get into bed with a thing like that that might murder you any
moment what a man well its not the one way everyone goes mad Poldy
anyhow whatever he does always wipes his feet on the mat when he comes
in wet or shine and always blacks his own boots too and he always takes
off his hat when he comes up in the street like then and now hes going
about in his slippers to look for £ 10000 for a postcard U p up O
sweetheart May wouldnt a thing like that simply bore you stiff to
extinction actually too stupid even to take his boots off now what could
you make of a man like that Id rather die 20 times over than marry
another of their sex of course hed never find another woman like me to
put up with him the way I do know me come sleep with me yes and he knows
that too at the bottom of his heart take that Mrs Maybrick that poisoned
her husband for what I wonder in love with some other man yes it was
found out on her wasnt she the downright villain to go and do a thing
like that of course some men can be dreadfully aggravating drive you mad
and always the worst word in the world what do they ask us to marry them
for if were so bad as all that comes to yes because they cant get on
without us white Arsenic she put in his tea off flypaper wasnt it I
wonder why they call it that if I asked him hed say its from the Greek
leave us as wise as we were before she must have been madly in love with
the other fellow to run the chance of being hanged O she didnt care if
that was her nature what could she do besides theyre not brutes enough
to go and hang a woman surely are they</p>
<p>theyre all so different Boylan talking about the shape of my foot he
noticed at once even before he was introduced when I was in the D B C
with Poldy laughing and trying to listen I was waggling my foot we both
ordered 2 teas and plain bread and butter I saw him looking with his two
old maids of sisters when I stood up and asked the girl where it was
what do I care with it dropping out of me and that black closed breeches
he made me buy takes you half an hour to let them down wetting all
myself always with some brandnew fad every other week such a long one I
did I forgot my suede gloves on the seat behind that I never got after
some robber of a woman and he wanted me to put it in the Irish times
lost in the ladies lavatory D B C Dame street finder return to Mrs
Marion Bloom and I saw his eyes on my feet going out through the turning
door he was looking when I looked back and I went there for tea 2 days
after in the hope but he wasnt now how did that excite him because I was
crossing them when we were in the other room first he meant the shoes
that are too tight to walk in my hand is nice like that if I only had a
ring with the stone for my month a nice aquamarine Ill stick him for one
and a gold bracelet I dont like my foot so much still I made him spend
once with my foot the night after Goodwins botchup of a concert so cold
and windy it was well we had that rum in the house to mull and the fire
wasnt black out when he asked to take off my stockings lying on the
hearthrug in Lombard street west and another time it was my muddy boots
hed like me to walk in all the horses dung I could find but of course
hes not natural like the rest of the world that I what did he say I
could give 9 points in 10 to Katty Lanner and beat her what does that
mean I asked him I forget what he said because the stoppress edition
just passed and the man with the curly hair in the Lucan dairy thats so
polite I think I saw his face before somewhere I noticed him when I was
tasting the butter so I took my time Bartell DArcy too that he used to
make fun of when he commenced kissing me on the choir stairs after I
sang Gounods <em>Ave Maria</em> what are we waiting for O my heart kiss
me straight on the brow and part which is my brown part he was pretty
hot for all his tinny voice too my low notes he was always raving about
if you can believe him I liked the way he used his mouth singing then he
said wasnt it terrible to do that there in a place like that I dont see
anything so terrible about it Ill tell him about that some day not now
and surprise him ay and Ill take him there and show him the very place
too we did it so now there you are like it or lump it he thinks nothing
can happen without him knowing he hadnt an idea about my mother till we
were engaged otherwise hed never have got me so cheap as he did he was
10 times worse himself anyhow begging me to give him a tiny bit cut off
my drawers that was the evening coming along Kenilworth square he kissed
me in the eye of my glove and I had to take it off asking me questions
is it permitted to enquire the shape of my bedroom so I let him keep it
as if I forgot it to think of me when I saw him slip it into his pocket
of course hes mad on the subject of drawers thats plain to be seen
always skeezing at those brazenfaced things on the bicycles with their
skirts blowing up to their navels even when Milly and I were out with
him at the open air fete that one in the cream muslin standing right
against the sun so he could see every atom she had on when he saw me
from behind following in the rain I saw him before he saw me however
standing at the corner of the Harolds cross road with a new raincoat on
him with the muffler in the Zingari colours to show off his complexion
and the brown hat looking slyboots as usual what was he doing there
where hed no business they can go and get whatever they like from
anything at all with a skirt on it and were not to ask any questions but
they want to know where were you where are you going I could feel him
coming along skulking after me his eyes on my neck he had been keeping
away from the house he felt it was getting too warm for him so I
halfturned and stopped then he pestered me to say yes till I took off my
glove slowly watching him he said my openwork sleeves were too cold for
the rain anything for an excuse to put his hand anear me drawers drawers
the whole blessed time till I promised to give him the pair off my doll
to carry about in his waistcoat pocket <em>O Maria Santisima</em> he did
look a big fool dreeping in the rain splendid set of teeth he had made
me hungry to look at them and beseeched of me to lift the orange
petticoat I had on with the sunray pleats that there was nobody he said
hed kneel down in the wet if I didnt so persevering he would too and
ruin his new raincoat you never know what freak theyd take alone with
you theyre so savage for it if anyone was passing so I lifted them a bit
and touched his trousers outside the way I used to Gardner after with my
ring hand to keep him from doing worse where it was too public I was
dying to find out was he circumcised he was shaking like a jelly all
over they want to do everything too quick take all the pleasure out of
it and father waiting all the time for his dinner he told me to say I
left my purse in the butchers and had to go back for it what a Deceiver
then he wrote me that letter with all those words in it how could he
have the face to any woman after his company manners making it so
awkward after when we met asking me have I offended you with my eyelids
down of course he saw I wasnt he had a few brains not like that other
fool Henny Doyle he was always breaking or tearing something in the
charades I hate an unlucky man and if I knew what it meant of course I
had to say no for form sake dont understand you I said and wasnt it
natural so it is of course it used to be written up with a picture of a
womans on that wall in Gibraltar with that word I couldnt find anywhere
only for children seeing it too young then writing every morning a
letter sometimes twice a day I liked the way he made love then he knew
the way to take a woman when he sent me the 8 big poppies because mine
was the 8th then I wrote the night he kissed my heart at Dolphins barn I
couldnt describe it simply it makes you feel like nothing on earth but
he never knew how to embrace well like Gardner I hope hell come on
Monday as he said at the same time four I hate people who come at all
hours answer the door you think its the vegetables then its somebody and
you all undressed or the door of the filthy sloppy kitchen blows open
the day old frostyface Goodwin called about the concert in Lombard
street and I just after dinner all flushed and tossed with boiling old
stew dont look at me professor I had to say Im a fright yes but he was a
real old gent in his way it was impossible to be more respectful nobody
to say youre out you have to peep out through the blind like the
messengerboy today I thought it was a putoff first him sending the port
and the peaches first and I was just beginning to yawn with nerves
thinking he was trying to make a fool of me when I knew his tattarrattat
at the door he must have been a bit late because it was 1/4 after 3 when
I saw the 2 Dedalus girls coming from school I never know the time even
that watch he gave me never seems to go properly Id want to get it
looked after when I threw the penny to that lame sailor for England home
and beauty when I was whistling there is a charming girl I love and I
hadnt even put on my clean shift or powdered myself or a thing then this
day week were to go to Belfast just as well he has to go to Ennis his
fathers anniversary the 27th it wouldnt be pleasant if he did suppose
our rooms at the hotel were beside each other and any fooling went on in
the new bed I couldnt tell him to stop and not bother me with him in the
next room or perhaps some protestant clergyman with a cough knocking on
the wall then hed never believe the next day we didnt do something its
all very well a husband but you cant fool a lover after me telling him
we never did anything of course he didnt believe me no its better hes
going where he is besides something always happens with him the time
going to the Mallow concert at Maryborough ordering boiling soup for the
two of us then the bell rang out he walks down the platform with the
soup splashing about taking spoonfuls of it hadnt he the nerve and the
waiter after him making a holy show of us screeching and confusion for
the engine to start but he wouldnt pay till he finished it the two
gentlemen in the 3rd class carriage said he was quite right so he was
too hes so pigheaded sometimes when he gets a thing into his head a good
job he was able to open the carriage door with his knife or theyd have
taken us on to Cork I suppose that was done out of revenge on him O I
love jaunting in a train or a car with lovely soft cushions I wonder
will he take a 1st class for me he might want to do it in the train by
tipping the guard well O I suppose therell be the usual idiots of men
gaping at us with their eyes as stupid as ever they can possibly be that
was an exceptional man that common workman that left us alone in the
carriage that day going to Howth Id like to find out something about him
1 or 2 tunnels perhaps then you have to look out of the window all the
nicer then coming back suppose I never came back what would they say
eloped with him that gets you on on the stage the last concert I sang at
where its over a year ago when was it St Teresas hall Clarendon St
little chits of missies they have now singing Kathleen Kearney and her
like on account of father being in the army and my singing the
absentminded beggar and wearing a brooch for Lord Roberts when I had the
map of it all and Poldy not Irish enough was it him managed it this time
I wouldnt put it past him like he got me on to sing in the <em>Stabat
Mater</em> by going around saying he was putting Lead Kindly Light to
music I put him up to that till the jesuits found out he was a freemason
thumping the piano lead Thou me on copied from some old opera yes and he
was going about with some of them Sinner Fein lately or whatever they
call themselves talking his usual trash and nonsense he says that little
man he showed me without the neck is very intelligent the coming man
Griffiths is he well he doesnt look it thats all I can say still it must
have been him he knew there was a boycott I hate the mention of their
politics after the war that Pretoria and Ladysmith and Bloemfontein
where Gardner lieut Stanley G 8th Bn 2nd East Lancs Rgt of enteric fever
he was a lovely fellow in khaki and just the right height over me Im
sure he was brave too he said I was lovely the evening we kissed goodbye
at the canal lock my Irish beauty he was pale with excitement about
going away or wed be seen from the road he couldnt stand properly and I
so hot as I never felt they could have made their peace in the beginning
or old oom Paul and the rest of the other old Krugers go and fight it
out between them instead of dragging on for years killing any
finelooking men there were with their fever if he was even decently shot
it wouldnt have been so bad I love to see a regiment pass in review the
first time I saw the Spanish cavalry at La Roque it was lovely after
looking across the bay from Algeciras all the lights of the rock like
fireflies or those sham battles on the 15 acres the Black Watch with
their kilts in time at the march past the 10th hussars the prince of
Wales own or the lancers O the lancers theyre grand or the Dublins that
won Tugela his father made his money over selling the horses for the
cavalry well he could buy me a nice present up in Belfast after what I
gave him theyve lovely linen up there or one of those nice kimono things
I must buy a mothball like I had before to keep in the drawer with them
it would be exciting going round with him shopping buying those things
in a new city better leave this ring behind want to keep turning and
turning to get it over the knuckle there or they might bell it round the
town in their papers or tell the police on me but theyd think were
married O let them all go and smother themselves for the fat lot I care
he has plenty of money and hes not a marrying man so somebody better get
it out of him if I could find out whether he likes me I looked a bit
washy of course when I looked close in the handglass powdering a mirror
never gives you the expression besides scrooching down on me like that
all the time with his big hipbones hes heavy too with his hairy chest
for this heat always having to lie down for them better for him put it
into me from behind the way Mrs Mastiansky told me her husband made her
like the dogs do it and stick out her tongue as far as ever she could
and he so quiet and mild with his tingating cither can you ever be up to
men the way it takes them lovely stuff in that blue suit he had on and
stylish tie and socks with the skyblue silk things on them hes certainly
welloff I know by the cut his clothes have and his heavy watch but he
was like a perfect devil for a few minutes after he came back with the
stoppress tearing up the tickets and swearing blazes because he lost 20
quid he said he lost over that outsider that won and half he put on for
me on account of Lenehans tip cursing him to the lowest pits that
sponger he was making free with me after the Glencree dinner coming back
that long joult over the featherbed mountain after the lord Mayor
looking at me with his dirty eyes Val Dillon that big heathen I first
noticed him at dessert when I was cracking the nuts with my teeth I
wished I could have picked every morsel of that chicken out of my
fingers it was so tasty and browned and as tender as anything only for I
didnt want to eat everything on my plate those forks and fishslicers
were hallmarked silver too I wish I had some I could easily have slipped
a couple into my muff when I was playing with them then always hanging
out of them for money in a restaurant for the bit you put down your
throat we have to be thankful for our mangy cup of tea itself as a great
compliment to be noticed the way the world is divided in any case if its
going to go on I want at least two other good chemises for one thing and
but I dont know what kind of drawers he likes none at all I think didnt
he say yes and half the girls in Gibraltar never wore them either naked
as God made them that Andalusian singing her Manola she didnt make much
secret of what she hadnt yes and the second pair of silkette stockings
is laddered after one days wear I could have brought them back to Lewers
this morning and kicked up a row and made that one change them only not
to upset myself and run the risk of walking into him and ruining the
whole thing and one of those kidfitting corsets Id want advertised cheap
in the Gentlewoman with elastic gores on the hips he saved the one I
have but thats no good what did they say they give a delightful figure
line 11/6 obviating that unsightly broad appearance across the lower
back to reduce flesh my belly is a bit too big Ill have to knock off the
stout at dinner or am I getting too fond of it the last they sent from
ORourkes was as flat as a pancake he makes his money easy Larry they
call him the old mangy parcel he sent at Xmas a cottage cake and a
bottle of hogwash he tried to palm off as claret that he couldnt get
anyone to drink God spare his spit for fear hed die of the drouth or I
must do a few breathing exercises I wonder is that antifat any good
might overdo it the thin ones are not so much the fashion now garters
that much I have the violet pair I wore today thats all he bought me out
of the cheque he got on the first O no there was the face lotion I
finished the last of yesterday that made my skin like new I told him
over and over again get that made up in the same place and dont forget
it God only knows whether he did after all I said to him Ill know by the
bottle anyway if not I suppose Ill only have to wash in my piss like
beeftea or chickensoup with some of that opoponax and violet I thought
it was beginning to look coarse or old a bit the skin underneath is much
finer where it peeled off there on my finger after the burn its a pity
it isnt all like that and the four paltry handkerchiefs about 6/- in all
sure you cant get on in this world without style all going in food and
rent when I get it Ill lash it around I tell you in fine style I always
want to throw a handful of tea into the pot measuring and mincing if I
buy a pair of old brogues itself do you like those new shoes yes were
they Ive no clothes at all the brown costume and the skirt and jacket
and the one at the cleaners 3 whats that for any woman cutting up this
old hat and patching up the other the men wont look at you and women try
to walk on you because they know youve no man then with all the things
getting dearer every day for the 4 years more I have of life up to 35 no
Im what am I at all Ill be 33 in September will I what O well look at
that Mrs Galbraith shes much older than me I saw her when I was out last
week her beautys on the wane she was a lovely woman magnificent head of
hair on her down to her waist tossing it back like that like Kitty OShea
in Grantham street 1st thing I did every morning to look across see her
combing it as if she loved it and was full of it pity I only got to know
her the day before we left and that Mrs Langtry the jersey lily the
prince of Wales was in love with I suppose hes like the first man going
the roads only for the name of a king theyre all made the one way only a
black mans Id like to try a beauty up to what was she 45 there was some
funny story about the jealous old husband what was it at all and an
oyster knife he went no he made her wear a kind of a tin thing round her
and the prince of Wales yes he had the oyster knife cant be true a thing
like that like some of those books he brings me the works of Master
Francois Somebody supposed to be a priest about a child born out of her
ear because her bumgut fell out a nice word for any priest to write and
her a—e as if any fool wouldnt know what that meant I hate that
pretending of all things with that old blackguards face on him anybody
can see its not true and that Ruby and Fair Tyrants he brought me that
twice I remember when I came to page 50 the part about where she hangs
him up out of a hook with a cord flagellate sure theres nothing for a
woman in that all invention made up about he drinking the champagne out
of her slipper after the ball was over like the infant Jesus in the crib
at Inchicore in the Blessed Virgins arms sure no woman could have a
child that big taken out of her and I thought first it came out of her
side because how could she go to the chamber when she wanted to and she
a rich lady of course she felt honoured H R H he was in Gibraltar the
year I was born I bet he found lilies there too where he planted the
tree he planted more than that in his time he might have planted me too
if hed come a bit sooner then I wouldnt be here as I am he ought to
chuck that Freeman with the paltry few shillings he knocks out of it and
go into an office or something where hed get regular pay or a bank where
they could put him up on a throne to count the money all the day of
course he prefers plottering about the house so you cant stir with him
any side whats your programme today I wish hed even smoke a pipe like
father to get the smell of a man or pretending to be mooching about for
advertisements when he could have been in Mr Cuffes still only for what
he did then sending me to try and patch it up I could have got him
promoted there to be the manager he gave me a great mirada once or twice
first he was as stiff as the mischief really and truly Mrs Bloom only I
felt rotten simply with the old rubbishy dress that I lost the leads out
of the tails with no cut in it but theyre coming into fashion again I
bought it simply to please him I knew it was no good by the finish pity
I changed my mind of going to Todd and Burns as I said and not Lees it
was just like the shop itself rummage sale a lot of trash I hate those
rich shops get on your nerves nothing kills me altogether only he thinks
he knows a great lot about a womans dress and cooking mathering
everything he can scour off the shelves into it if I went by his advices
every blessed hat I put on does that suit me yes take that thats alright
the one like a weddingcake standing up miles off my head he said suited
me or the dishcover one coming down on my backside on pins and needles
about the shopgirl in that place in Grafton street I had the misfortune
to bring him into and she as insolent as ever she could be with her
smirk saying Im afraid were giving you too much trouble what shes there
for but I stared it out of her yes he was awfully stiff and no wonder
but he changed the second time he looked Poldy pigheaded as usual like
the soup but I could see him looking very hard at my chest when he stood
up to open the door for me it was nice of him to show me out in any case
Im extremely sorry Mrs Bloom believe me without making it too marked the
first time after him being insulted and me being supposed to be his wife
I just half smiled I know my chest was out that way at the door when he
said Im extremely sorry and Im sure you were</p>
<p>yes I think he made them a bit firmer sucking them like that so long
he made me thirsty titties he calls them I had to laugh yes this one
anyhow stiff the nipple gets for the least thing Ill get him to keep
that up and Ill take those eggs beaten up with marsala fatten them out
for him what are all those veins and things curious the way its made 2
the same in case of twins theyre supposed to represent beauty placed up
there like those statues in the museum one of them pretending to hide it
with her hand are they so beautiful of course compared with what a man
looks like with his two bags full and his other thing hanging down out
of him or sticking up at you like a hatrack no wonder they hide it with
a cabbageleaf that disgusting Cameron highlander behind the meat market
or that other wretch with the red head behind the tree where the statue
of the fish used to be when I was passing pretending he was pissing
standing out for me to see it with his babyclothes up to one side the
Queens own they were a nice lot its well the Surreys relieved them
theyre always trying to show it to you every time nearly I passed
outside the mens greenhouse near the Harcourt street station just to try
some fellow or other trying to catch my eye as if it was 1 of the 7
wonders of the world O and the stink of those rotten places the night
coming home with Poldy after the Comerfords party oranges and lemonade
to make you feel nice and watery I went into 1 of them it was so biting
cold I couldnt keep it when was that 93 the canal was frozen yes it was
a few months after a pity a couple of the Camerons werent there to see
me squatting in the mens place meadero I tried to draw a picture of it
before I tore it up like a sausage or something I wonder theyre not
afraid going about of getting a kick or a bang of something there the
woman is beauty of course thats admitted when he said I could pose for a
picture naked to some rich fellow in Holles street when he lost the job
in Helys and I was selling the clothes and strumming in the coffee
palace would I be like that bath of the nymph with my hair down yes only
shes younger or Im a little like that dirty bitch in that Spanish photo
he has nymphs used they go about like that I asked him about her and
that word met something with hoses in it and he came out with some
jawbreakers about the incarnation he never can explain a thing simply
the way a body can understand then he goes and burns the bottom out of
the pan all for his Kidney this one not so much theres the mark of his
teeth still where he tried to bite the nipple I had to scream out arent
they fearful trying to hurt you I had a great breast of milk with Milly
enough for two what was the reason of that he said I could have got a
pound a week as a wet nurse all swelled out the morning that delicate
looking student that stopped in no 28 with the Citrons Penrose nearly
caught me washing through the window only for I snapped up the towel to
my face that was his studenting hurt me they used to weaning her till he
got doctor Brady to give me the belladonna prescription I had to get him
to suck them they were so hard he said it was sweeter and thicker than
cows then he wanted to milk me into the tea well hes beyond everything I
declare somebody ought to put him in the budget if I only could remember
the one half of the things and write a book out of it the works of
Master Poldy yes and its so much smoother the skin much an hour he was
at them Im sure by the clock like some kind of a big infant I had at me
they want everything in their mouth all the pleasure those men get out
of a woman I can feel his mouth O Lord I must stretch myself I wished he
was here or somebody to let myself go with and come again like that I
feel all fire inside me or if I could dream it when he made me spend the
2nd time tickling me behind with his finger I was coming for about 5
minutes with my legs round him I had to hug him after O Lord I wanted to
shout out all sorts of things fuck or shit or anything at all only not
to look ugly or those lines from the strain who knows the way hed take
it you want to feel your way with a man theyre not all like him thank
God some of them want you to be so nice about it I noticed the contrast
he does it and doesnt talk I gave my eyes that look with my hair a bit
loose from the tumbling and my tongue between my lips up to him the
savage brute Thursday Friday one Saturday two Sunday three O Lord I cant
wait till Monday</p>
<p>frseeeeeeeefronnnng train somewhere whistling the strength those
engines have in them like big giants and the water rolling all over and
out of them all sides like the end of Loves old sweeeetsonnnng the poor
men that have to be out all the night from their wives and families in
those roasting engines stifling it was today Im glad I burned the half
of those old Freemans and Photo Bits leaving things like that lying
about hes getting very careless and threw the rest of them up in the W C
I’ll get him to cut them tomorrow for me instead of having them there
for the next year to get a few pence for them have him asking wheres
last Januarys paper and all those old overcoats I bundled out of the
hall making the place hotter than it is that rain was lovely and
refreshing just after my beauty sleep I thought it was going to get like
Gibraltar my goodness the heat there before the levanter came on black
as night and the glare of the rock standing up in it like a big giant
compared with their 3 Rock mountain they think is so great with the red
sentries here and there the poplars and they all whitehot and the smell
of the rainwater in those tanks watching the sun all the time weltering
down on you faded all that lovely frock fathers friend Mrs Stanhope sent
me from the B Marche paris what a shame my dearest Doggerina she wrote
on it she was very nice whats this her other name was just a p c to tell
you I sent the little present have just had a jolly warm bath and feel a
very clean dog now enjoyed it wogger she called him wogger wd give
anything to be back in Gib and hear you sing Waiting and in old Madrid
Concone is the name of those exercises he bought me one of those new
some word I couldnt make out shawls amusing things but tear for the
least thing still there lovely I think dont you will always think of the
lovely teas we had together scrumptious currant scones and raspberry
wafers I adore well now dearest Doggerina be sure and write soon kind
she left out regards to your father also Captain Grove with love yrs
affly Hester x x x x x she didnt look a bit married just like a girl he
was years older than her wogger he was awfully fond of me when he held
down the wire with his foot for me to step over at the bullfight at La
Linea when that matador Gomez was given the bulls ear these clothes we
have to wear whoever invented them expecting you to walk up Killiney
hill then for example at that picnic all staysed up you cant do a
blessed thing in them in a crowd run or jump out of the way thats why I
was afraid when that other ferocious old Bull began to charge the
banderilleros with the sashes and the 2 things in their hats and the
brutes of men shouting bravo toro sure the women were as bad in their
nice white mantillas ripping all the whole insides out of those poor
horses I never heard of such a thing in all my life yes he used to break
his heart at me taking off the dog barking in bell lane poor brute and
it sick what became of them ever I suppose theyre dead long ago the 2 of
them its like all through a mist makes you feel so old I made the scones
of course I had everything all to myself then a girl Hester we used to
compare our hair mine was thicker than hers she showed me how to settle
it at the back when I put it up and whats this else how to make a knot
on a thread with the one hand we were like cousins what age was I then
the night of the storm I slept in her bed she had her arms round me then
we were fighting in the morning with the pillow what fun he was watching
me whenever he got an opportunity at the band on the Alameda esplanade
when I was with father and Captain Grove I looked up at the church first
and then at the windows then down and our eyes met I felt something go
through me like all needles my eyes were dancing I remember after when I
looked at myself in the glass hardly recognised myself the change he was
attractive to a girl in spite of his being a little bald intelligent
looking disappointed and gay at the same time he was like Thomas in the
shadow of Ashlydyat I had a splendid skin from the sun and the
excitement like a rose I didnt get a wink of sleep it wouldnt have been
nice on account of her but I could have stopped it in time she gave me
the Moonstone to read that was the first I read of Wilkie Collins East
Lynne I read and the shadow of Ashlydyat Mrs Henry Wood Henry Dunbar by
that other woman I lent him afterwards with Mulveys photo in it so as he
see I wasnt without and Lord Lytton Eugene Aram Molly bawn she gave me
by Mrs Hungerford on account of the name I dont like books with a Molly
in them like that one he brought me about the one from Flanders a whore
always shoplifting anything she could cloth and stuff and yards of it O
this blanket is too heavy on me thats better I havent even one decent
nightdress this thing gets all rolled under me besides him and his
fooling thats better I used to be weltering then in the heat my shift
drenched with the sweat stuck in the cheeks of my bottom on the chair
when I stood up they were so fattish and firm when I got up on the sofa
cushions to see with my clothes up and the bugs tons of them at night
and the mosquito nets I couldnt read a line Lord how long ago it seems
centuries of course they never came back and she didnt put her address
right on it either she may have noticed her wogger people were always
going away and we never I remember that day with the waves and the boats
with their high heads rocking and the smell of ship those Officers
uniforms on shore leave made me seasick he didnt say anything he was
very serious I had the high buttoned boots on and my skirt was blowing
she kissed me six or seven times didnt I cry yes I believe I did or near
it my lips were taittering when I said goodbye she had a Gorgeous wrap
of some special kind of blue colour on her for the voyage made very
peculiarly to one side like and it was extremely pretty it got as dull
as the devil after they went I was almost planning to run away mad out
of it somewhere were never easy where we are father or aunt or marriage
waiting always waiting to guiiiide him toooo me waiting nor speeeed his
flying feet their damn guns bursting and booming all over the shop
especially the Queens birthday and throwing everything down in all
directions if you didnt open the windows when general Ulysses Grant
whoever he was or did supposed to be some great fellow landed off the
ship and old Sprague the consul that was there from before the flood
dressed up poor man and he in mourning for the son then the same old
bugles for reveille in the morning and drums rolling and the unfortunate
poor devils of soldiers walking about with messtins smelling the place
more than the old longbearded jews in their jellibees and levites
assembly and sound clear and gunfire for the men to cross the lines and
the warden marching with his keys to lock the gates and the bagpipes and
only captain Groves and father talking about Rorkes drift and Plevna and
sir Garnet Wolseley and Gordon at Khartoum lighting their pipes for them
everytime they went out drunken old devil with his grog on the
windowsill catch him leaving any of it picking his nose trying to think
of some other dirty story to tell up in a corner but he never forgot
himself when I was there sending me out of the room on some blind excuse
paying his compliments the Bushmills whisky talking of course but hed do
the same to the next woman that came along I suppose he died of
galloping drink ages ago the days like years not a letter from a living
soul except the odd few I posted to myself with bits of paper in them so
bored sometimes I could fight with my nails listening to that old Arab
with the one eye and his heass of an instrument singing his heah heah
aheah all my compriment on your hotchapotch of your heass as bad as now
with the hands hanging off me looking out of the window if there was a
nice fellow even in the opposite house that medical in Holles street the
nurse was after when I put on my gloves and hat at the window to show I
was going out not a notion what I meant arent they thick never
understand what you say even youd want to print it up on a big poster
for them not even if you shake hands twice with the left he didnt
recognise me either when I half frowned at him outside Westland row
chapel where does their great intelligence come in Id like to know grey
matter they have it all in their tail if you ask me those country
gougers up in the City Arms intelligence they had a damn sight less than
the bulls and cows they were selling the meat and the coalmans bell that
noisy bugger trying to swindle me with the wrong bill he took out of his
hat what a pair of paws and pots and pans and kettles to mend any broken
bottles for a poor man today and no visitors or post ever except his
cheques or some advertisement like that wonderworker they sent him
addressed dear Madam only his letter and the card from Milly this
morning see she wrote a letter to him who did I get the last letter from
O Mrs Dwenn now what possessed her to write from Canada after so many
years to know the recipe I had for pisto madrileno Floey Dillon since
she wrote to say she was married to a very rich architect if Im to
believe all I hear with a villa and eight rooms her father was an
awfully nice man he was near seventy always goodhumoured well now Miss
Tweedy or Miss Gillespie theres the piannyer that was a solid silver
coffee service he had too on the mahogany sideboard then dying so far
away I hate people that have always their poor story to tell everybody
has their own troubles that poor Nancy Blake died a month ago of acute
neumonia well I didnt know her so well as all that she was Floeys friend
more than mine poor Nancy its a bother having to answer he always tells
me the wrong things and no stops to say like making a speech your sad
bereavement symph̸athy I always make that mistake and new̸phew with 2
double yous in I hope hell write me a longer letter the next time if its
a thing he really likes me O thanks be to the great God I got somebody
to give me what I badly wanted to put some heart up into me youve no
chances at all in this place like you used long ago I wish somebody
would write me a loveletter his wasnt much and I told him he could write
what he liked yours ever Hugh Boylan in old Madrid stuff silly women
believe love is sighing I am dying still if he wrote it I suppose thered
be some truth in it true or no it fills up your whole day and life
always something to think about every moment and see it all round you
like a new world I could write the answer in bed to let him imagine me
short just a few words not those long crossed letters Atty Dillon used
to write to the fellow that was something in the four courts that jilted
her after out of the ladies letterwriter when I told her to say a few
simple words he could twist how he liked not acting with precipat
precipitancy with equal candour the greatest earthly happiness answer to
a gentlemans proposal affirmatively my goodness theres nothing else its
all very fine for them but as for being a woman as soon as youre old
they might as well throw you out in the bottom of the ashpit.</p>
<p>Mulveys was the first when I was in bed that morning and Mrs Rubio
brought it in with the coffee she stood there standing when I asked her
to hand me and I pointing at them I couldnt think of the word a hairpin
to open it with ah horquilla disobliging old thing and it staring her in
the face with her switch of false hair on her and vain about her
appearance ugly as she was near 80 or a 100 her face a mass of wrinkles
with all her religion domineering because she never could get over the
Atlantic fleet coming in half the ships of the world and the Union Jack
flying with all her carabineros because 4 drunken English sailors took
all the rock from them and because I didnt run into mass often enough in
Santa Maria to please her with her shawl up on her except when there was
a marriage on with all her miracles of the saints and her black blessed
virgin with the silver dress and the sun dancing 3 times on Easter
Sunday morning and when the priest was going by with the bell bringing
the vatican to the dying blessing herself for his Majestad an admirer he
signed it I near jumped out of my skin I wanted to pick him up when I
saw him following me along the Calle Real in the shop window then he
tipped me just in passing but I never thought hed write making an
appointment I had it inside my petticoat bodice all day reading it up in
every hole and corner while father was up at the drill instructing to
find out by the handwriting or the language of stamps singing I remember
shall I wear a white rose and I wanted to put on the old stupid clock to
near the time he was the first man kissed me under the Moorish wall my
sweetheart when a boy it never entered my head what kissing meant till
he put his tongue in my mouth his mouth was sweetlike young I put my
knee up to him a few times to learn the way what did I tell him I was
engaged for for fun to the son of a Spanish nobleman named Don Miguel de
la Flora and he believed me that I was to be married to him in 3 years
time theres many a true word spoken in jest there is a flower that
bloometh a few things I told him true about myself just for him to be
imagining the Spanish girls he didnt like I suppose one of them wouldnt
have him I got him excited he crushed all the flowers on my bosom he
brought me he couldnt count the pesetas and the perragordas till I
taught him Cappoquin he came from he said on the black water but it was
too short then the day before he left May yes it was May when the infant
king of Spain was born Im always like that in the spring Id like a new
fellow every year up on the tiptop under the rockgun near OHaras tower I
told him it was struck by lightning and all about the old Barbary apes
they sent to Clapham without a tail careering all over the show on each
others back Mrs Rubio said she was a regular old rock scorpion robbing
the chickens out of Inces farm and throw stones at you if you went anear
he was looking at me I had that white blouse on open in the front to
encourage him as much as I could without too openly they were just
beginning to be plump I said I was tired we lay over the firtree cove a
wild place I suppose it must be the highest rock in existence the
galleries and casemates and those frightful rocks and Saint Michaels
cave with the icicles or whatever they call them hanging down and
ladders all the mud plotching my boots Im sure thats the way down the
monkeys go under the sea to Africa when they die the ships out far like
chips that was the Malta boat passing yes the sea and the sky you could
do what you liked lie there for ever he caressed them outside they love
doing that its the roundness there I was leaning over him with my white
ricestraw hat to take the newness out of it the left side of my face the
best my blouse open for his last day transparent kind of shirt he had I
could see his chest pink he wanted to touch mine with his for a moment
but I wouldnt let him he was awfully put out first for fear you never
know consumption or leave me with a child embarazada that old servant
Ines told me that one drop even if it got into you at all after I tried
with the Banana but I was afraid it might break and get lost up in me
somewhere because they once took something down out of a woman that was
up there for years covered with limesalts theyre all mad to get in there
where they come out of youd think they could never go far enough up and
then theyre done with you in a way till the next time yes because theres
a wonderful feeling there so tender all the time how did we finish it
off yes O yes I pulled him off into my handkerchief pretending not to be
excited but I opened my legs I wouldnt let him touch me inside my
petticoat because I had a skirt opening up the side I tormented the life
out of him first tickling him I loved rousing that dog in the hotel
rrrsssstt awokwokawok his eyes shut and a bird flying below us he was
shy all the same I liked him like that moaning I made him blush a little
when I got over him that way when I unbuttoned him and took his out and
drew back the skin it had a kind of eye in it theyre all Buttons men
down the middle on the wrong side of them Molly darling he called me
what was his name Jack Joe Harry Mulvey was it yes I think a lieutenant
he was rather fair he had a laughing kind of a voice so I went round to
the whatyoucallit everything was whatyoucallit moustache had he he said
hed come back Lord its just like yesterday to me and if I was married
hed do it to me and I promised him yes faithfully Id let him block me
now flying perhaps hes dead or killed or a captain or admiral its nearly
20 years if I said firtree cove he would if he came up behind me and put
his hands over my eyes to guess who I might recognise him hes young
still about 40 perhaps hes married some girl on the black water and is
quite changed they all do they havent half the character a woman has she
little knows what I did with her beloved husband before he ever dreamt
of her in broad daylight too in the sight of the whole world you might
say they could have put an article about it in the Chronicle I was a bit
wild after when I blew out the old bag the biscuits were in from Benady
Bros and exploded it Lord what a bang all the woodcocks and pigeons
screaming coming back the same way that we went over middle hill round
by the old guardhouse and the jews burialplace pretending to read out
the Hebrew on them I wanted to fire his pistol he said he hadnt one he
didnt know what to make of me with his peak cap on that he always wore
crooked as often as I settled it straight H M S Calypso swinging my hat
that old Bishop that spoke off the altar his long preach about womans
higher functions about girls now riding the bicycle and wearing peak
caps and the new woman bloomers God send him sense and me more money I
suppose theyre called after him I never thought that would be my name
Bloom when I used to write it in print to see how it looked on a
visiting card or practising for the butcher and oblige M Bloom youre
looking blooming Josie used to say after I married him well its better
than Breen or Briggs does brig or those awful names with bottom in them
Mrs Ramsbottom or some other kind of a bottom Mulvey I wouldnt go mad
about either or suppose I divorced him Mrs Boylan my mother whoever she
was might have given me a nicer name the Lord knows after the lovely one
she had Lunita Laredo the fun we had running along Williss road to
Europa point twisting in and out all round the other side of Jersey they
were shaking and dancing about in my blouse like Millys little ones now
when she runs up the stairs I loved looking down at them I was jumping
up at the pepper trees and the white poplars pulling the leaves off and
throwing them at him he went to India he was to write the voyages those
men have to make to the ends of the world and back its the least they
might get a squeeze or two at a woman while they can going out to be
drowned or blown up somewhere I went up Windmill hill to the flats that
Sunday morning with captain Rubios that was dead spyglass like the
sentry had he said hed have one or two from on board I wore that frock
from the B Marche paris and the coral necklace the straits shining I
could see over to Morocco almost the bay of Tangier white and the Atlas
mountain with snow on it and the straits like a river so clear Harry
Molly darling I was thinking of him on the sea all the time after at
mass when my petticoat began to slip down at the elevation weeks and
weeks I kept the handkerchief under my pillow for the smell of him there
was no decent perfume to be got in that Gibraltar only that cheap peau
dEspagne that faded and left a stink on you more than anything else I
wanted to give him a memento he gave me that clumsy Claddagh ring for
luck that I gave Gardner going to south Africa where those Boers killed
him with their war and fever but they were well beaten all the same as
if it brought its bad luck with it like an opal or pearl still it must
have been pure 18 carrot gold because it was very heavy but what could
you get in a place like that the sandfrog shower from Africa and that
derelict ship that came up to the harbour Marie the Marie whatyoucallit
no he hadnt a moustache that was Gardner yes I can see his face
cleanshaven Frseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeefrong that train again weeping tone
once in the dear deaead days beyondre call close my eyes breath my lips
forward kiss sad look eyes open piano ere oer the world the mists began
I hate that istsbeg comes loves sweet sooooooooooong Ill let that out
full when I get in front of the footlights again Kathleen Kearney and
her lot of squealers Miss This Miss That Miss Theother lot of
sparrowfarts skitting around talking about politics they know as much
about as my backside anything in the world to make themselves someway
interesting Irish homemade beauties soldiers daughter am I ay and whose
are you bootmakers and publicans I beg your pardon coach I thought you
were a wheelbarrow theyd die down dead off their feet if ever they got a
chance of walking down the Alameda on an officers arm like me on the
bandnight my eyes flash my bust that they havent passion God help their
poor head I knew more about men and life when I was 15 than theyll all
know at 50 they dont know how to sing a song like that Gardner said no
man could look at my mouth and teeth smiling like that and not think of
it I was afraid he mightnt like my accent first he so English all father
left me in spite of his stamps Ive my mothers eyes and figure anyhow he
always said theyre so snotty about themselves some of those cads he
wasnt a bit like that he was dead gone on my lips let them get a husband
first thats fit to be looked at and a daughter like mine or see if they
can excite a swell with money that can pick and choose whoever he wants
like Boylan to do it 4 or 5 times locked in each others arms or the
voice either I could have been a prima donna only I married him comes
looooves old deep down chin back not too much make it double My Ladys
Bower is too long for an encore about the moated grange at twilight and
vaunted rooms yes Ill sing Winds that blow from the south that he gave
after the choirstairs performance Ill change that lace on my black dress
to show off my bubs and Ill yes by God Ill get that big fan mended make
them burst with envy my hole is itching me always when I think of him I
feel I want to I feel some wind in me better go easy not wake him have
him at it again slobbering after washing every bit of myself back belly
and sides if we had even a bath itself or my own room anyway I wish hed
sleep in some bed by himself with his cold feet on me give us room even
to let a fart God or do the least thing better yes hold them like that a
bit on my side piano quietly sweeeee theres that train far away
pianissimo eeeee one more song</p>
<p>that was a relief wherever you be let your wind go free who knows if
that pork chop I took with my cup of tea after was quite good with the
heat I couldnt smell anything off it Im sure that queerlooking man in
the porkbutchers is a great rogue I hope that lamp is not smoking fill
my nose up with smuts better than having him leaving the gas on all
night I couldnt rest easy in my bed in Gibraltar even getting up to see
why am I so damned nervous about that though I like it in the winter its
more company O Lord it was rotten cold too that winter when I was only
about ten was I yes I had the big doll with all the funny clothes
dressing her up and undressing that icy wind skeeting across from those
mountains the something Nevada sierra nevada standing at the fire with
the little bit of a short shift I had up to heat myself I loved dancing
about in it then make a race back into bed Im sure that fellow opposite
used to be there the whole time watching with the lights out in the
summer and I in my skin hopping around I used to love myself then
stripped at the washstand dabbing and creaming only when it came to the
chamber performance I put out the light too so then there were 2 of us
goodbye to my sleep for this night anyhow I hope hes not going to get in
with those medicals leading him astray to imagine hes young again coming
in at 4 in the morning it must be if not more still he had the manners
not to wake me what do they find to gabber about all night squandering
money and getting drunker and drunker couldnt they drink water then he
starts giving us his orders for eggs and tea and Findon haddy and hot
buttered toast I suppose well have him sitting up like the king of the
country pumping the wrong end of the spoon up and down in his egg
wherever he learned that from and I love to hear him falling up the
stairs of a morning with the cups rattling on the tray and then play
with the cat she rubs up against you for her own sake I wonder has she
fleas shes as bad as a woman always licking and lecking but I hate their
claws I wonder do they see anything that we cant staring like that when
she sits at the top of the stairs so long and listening as I wait always
what a robber too that lovely fresh plaice I bought I think Ill get a
bit of fish tomorrow or today is it Friday yes I will with some
blancmange with black currant jam like long ago not those 2 lb pots of
mixed plum and apple from the London and Newcastle Williams and Woods
goes twice as far only for the bones I hate those eels cod yes Ill get a
nice piece of cod Im always getting enough for 3 forgetting anyway Im
sick of that everlasting butchers meat from Buckleys loin chops and leg
beef and rib steak and scrag of mutton and calfs pluck the very name is
enough or a picnic suppose we all gave 5/- each and or let him pay it
and invite some other woman for him who Mrs Fleming and drove out to the
furry glen or the strawberry beds wed have him examining all the horses
toenails first like he does with the letters no not with Boylan there
yes with some cold veal and ham mixed sandwiches there are little houses
down at the bottom of the banks there on purpose but its as hot as
blazes he says not a bank holiday anyhow I hate those ruck of Mary Ann
coalboxes out for the day Whit Monday is a cursed day too no wonder that
bee bit him better the seaside but Id never again in this life get into
a boat with him after him at Bray telling the boatman he knew how to row
if anyone asked could he ride the steeplechase for the gold cup hed say
yes then it came on to get rough the old thing crookeding about and the
weight all down my side telling me pull the right reins now pull the
left and the tide all swamping in floods in through the bottom and his
oar slipping out of the stirrup its a mercy we werent all drowned he can
swim of course me no theres no danger whatsoever keep yourself calm in
his flannel trousers Id like to have tattered them down off him before
all the people and give him what that one calls flagellate till he was
black and blue do him all the good in the world only for that longnosed
chap I dont know who he is with that other beauty Burke out of the City
Arms hotel was there spying around as usual on the slip always where he
wasnt wanted if there was a row on youd vomit a better face there was no
love lost between us thats 1 consolation I wonder what kind is that book
he brought me Sweets of Sin by a gentleman of fashion some other Mr de
Kock I suppose the people gave him that nickname going about with his
tube from one woman to another I couldnt even change my new white shoes
all ruined with the saltwater and the hat I had with that feather all
blowy and tossed on me how annoying and provoking because the smell of
the sea excited me of course the sardines and the bream in Catalan bay
round the back of the rock they were fine all silver in the fishermens
baskets old Luigi near a hundred they said came from Genoa and the tall
old chap with the earrings I dont like a man you have to climb up to to
get at I suppose theyre all dead and rotten long ago besides I dont like
being alone in this big barracks of a place at night I suppose Ill have
to put up with it I never brought a bit of salt in even when we moved in
the confusion musical academy he was going to make on the first floor
drawingroom with a brassplate or Blooms private hotel he suggested go
and ruin himself altogether the way his father did down in Ennis like
all the things he told father he was going to do and me but I saw
through him telling me all the lovely places we could go for the
honeymoon Venice by moonlight with the gondolas and the lake of Como he
had a picture cut out of some paper of and mandolines and lanterns O how
nice I said whatever I liked he was going to do immediately if not
sooner will you be my man will you carry my can he ought to get a
leather medal with a putty rim for all the plans he invents then leaving
us here all day youd never know what old beggar at the door for a crust
with his long story might be a tramp and put his foot in the way to
prevent me shutting it like that picture of that hardened criminal he
was called in Lloyds Weekly news 20 years in jail then he comes out and
murders an old woman for her money imagine his poor wife or mother or
whoever she is such a face youd run miles away from I couldnt rest easy
till I bolted all the doors and windows to make sure but its worse again
being locked up like in a prison or a madhouse they ought to be all shot
or the cat of nine tails a big brute like that that would attack a poor
old woman to murder her in her bed Id cut them off him so I would not
that hed be much use still better than nothing the night I was sure I
heard burglars in the kitchen and he went down in his shirt with a
candle and a poker as if he was looking for a mouse as white as a sheet
frightened out of his wits making as much noise as he possibly could for
the burglars benefit there isnt much to steal indeed the Lord knows
still its the feeling especially now with Milly away such an idea for
him to send the girl down there to learn to take photographs on account
of his grandfather instead of sending her to Skerrys academy where shed
have to learn not like me getting all at school only hed do a thing like
that all the same on account of me and Boylan thats why he did it Im
certain the way he plots and plans everything out I couldnt turn round
with her in the place lately unless I bolted the door first gave me the
fidgets coming in without knocking first when I put the chair against
the door just as I was washing myself there below with the glove get on
your nerves then doing the loglady all day put her in a glasscase with
two at a time to look at her if he knew she broke off the hand off that
little gimcrack statue with her roughness and carelessness before she
left that I got that little Italian boy to mend so that you cant see the
join for 2 shillings wouldnt even teem the potatoes for you of course
shes right not to ruin her hands I noticed he was always talking to her
lately at the table explaining things in the paper and she pretending to
understand sly of course that comes from his side of the house he cant
say I pretend things can he Im too honest as a matter of fact and
helping her into her coat but if there was anything wrong with her its
me shed tell not him I suppose he thinks Im finished out and laid on the
shelf well Im not no nor anything like it well see well see now shes
well on for flirting too with Tom Devans two sons imitating me whistling
with those romps of Murray girls calling for her can Milly come out
please shes in great demand to pick what they can out of her round in
Nelson street riding Harry Devans bicycle at night its as well he sent
her where she is she was just getting out of bounds wanting to go on the
skatingrink and smoking their cigarettes through their nose I smelt it
off her dress when I was biting off the thread of the button I sewed on
to the bottom of her jacket she couldnt hide much from me I tell you
only I oughtnt to have stitched it and it on her it brings a parting and
the last plumpudding too split in 2 halves see it comes out no matter
what they say her tongue is a bit too long for my taste your blouse is
open too low she says to me the pan calling the kettle blackbottom and I
had to tell her not to cock her legs up like that on show on the
windowsill before all the people passing they all look at her like me
when I was her age of course any old rag looks well on you then a great
touchmenot too in her own way at the Only Way in the Theatre royal take
your foot away out of that I hate people touching me afraid of her life
Id crush her skirt with the pleats a lot of that touching must go on in
theatres in the crush in the dark theyre always trying to wiggle up to
you that fellow in the pit at the Gaiety for Beerbohm Tree in Trilby the
last time Ill ever go there to be squashed like that for any Trilby or
her barebum every two minutes tipping me there and looking away hes a
bit daft I think I saw him after trying to get near two stylishdressed
ladies outside Switzers window at the same little game I recognised him
on the moment the face and everything but he didnt remember me yes and
she didnt even want me to kiss her at the Broadstone going away well I
hope shell get someone to dance attendance on her the way I did when she
was down with the mumps and her glands swollen wheres this and wheres
that of course she cant feel anything deep yet I never came properly
till I was what 22 or so it went into the wrong place always only the
usual girls nonsense and giggling that Conny Connolly writing to her in
white ink on black paper sealed with sealingwax though she clapped when
the curtain came down because he looked so handsome then we had Martin
Harvey for breakfast dinner and supper I thought to myself afterwards it
must be real love if a man gives up his life for her that way for
nothing I suppose there are a few men like that left its hard to believe
in it though unless it really happened to me the majority of them with
not a particle of love in their natures to find two people like that
nowadays full up of each other that would feel the same way as you do
theyre usually a bit foolish in the head his father must have been a bit
queer to go and poison himself after her still poor old man I suppose he
felt lost shes always making love to my things too the few old rags I
have wanting to put her hair up at 15 my powder too only ruin her skin
on her shes time enough for that all her life after of course shes
restless knowing shes pretty with her lips so red a pity they wont stay
that way I was too but theres no use going to the fair with the thing
answering me like a fishwoman when I asked to go for a half a stone of
potatoes the day we met Mrs Joe Gallaher at the trottingmatches and she
pretended not to see us in her trap with Friery the solicitor we werent
grand enough till I gave her 2 damn fine cracks across the ear for
herself take that now for answering me like that and that for your
impudence she had me that exasperated of course contradicting I was
badtempered too because how was it there was a weed in the tea or I
didnt sleep the night before cheese I ate was it and I told her over and
over again not to leave knives crossed like that because she has nobody
to command her as she said herself well if he doesnt correct her faith I
will that was the last time she turned on the teartap I was just like
that myself they darent order me about the place its his fault of course
having the two of us slaving here instead of getting in a woman long ago
am I ever going to have a proper servant again of course then shed see
him coming Id have to let her know or shed revenge it arent they a
nuisance that old Mrs Fleming you have to be walking round after her
putting the things into her hands sneezing and farting into the pots
well of course shes old she cant help it a good job I found that rotten
old smelly dishcloth that got lost behind the dresser I knew there was
something and opened the area window to let out the smell bringing in
his friends to entertain them like the night he walked home with a dog
if you please that might have been mad especially Simon Dedalus son his
father such a criticiser with his glasses up with his tall hat on him at
the cricket match and a great big hole in his sock one thing laughing at
the other and his son that got all those prizes for whatever he won them
in the intermediate imagine climbing over the railings if anybody saw
him that knew us I wonder he didnt tear a big hole in his grand funeral
trousers as if the one nature gave wasnt enough for anybody hawking him
down into the dirty old kitchen now is he right in his head I ask pity
it wasnt washing day my old pair of drawers might have been hanging up
too on the line on exhibition for all hed ever care with the ironmould
mark the stupid old bundle burned on them he might think was something
else and she never even rendered down the fat I told her and now shes
going such as she was on account of her paralysed husband getting worse
theres always something wrong with them disease or they have to go under
an operation or if its not that its drink and he beats her Ill have to
hunt around again for someone every day I get up theres some new thing
on sweet God sweet God well when Im stretched out dead in my grave I
suppose Ill have some peace I want to get up a minute if Im let wait O
Jesus wait yes that thing has come on me yes now wouldnt that afflict
you of course all the poking and rooting and ploughing he had up in me
now what am I to do Friday Saturday Sunday wouldnt that pester the soul
out of a body unless he likes it some men do God knows theres always
something wrong with us 5 days every 3 or 4 weeks usual monthly auction
isnt it simply sickening that night it came on me like that the one and
only time we were in a box that Michael Gunn gave him to see Mrs Kendal
and her husband at the Gaiety something he did about insurance for him
in Drimmies I was fit to be tied though I wouldnt give in with that
gentleman of fashion staring down at me with his glasses and him the
other side of me talking about Spinoza and his soul thats dead I suppose
millions of years ago I smiled the best I could all in a swamp leaning
forward as if I was interested having to sit it out then to the last tag
I wont forget that wife of Scarli in a hurry supposed to be a fast play
about adultery that idiot in the gallery hissing the woman adulteress he
shouted I suppose he went and had a woman in the next lane running round
all the back ways after to make up for it I wish he had what I had then
hed boo I bet the cat itself is better off than us have we too much
blood up in us or what O patience above its pouring out of me like the
sea anyhow he didnt make me pregnant as big as he is I dont want to ruin
the clean sheets I just put on I suppose the clean linen I wore brought
it on too damn it damn it and they always want to see a stain on the bed
to know youre a virgin for them all thats troubling them theyre such
fools too you could be a widow or divorced 40 times over a daub of red
ink would do or blackberry juice no thats too purply O Jamesy let me up
out of this pooh sweets of sin whoever suggested that business for women
what between clothes and cooking and children this damned old bed too
jingling like the dickens I suppose they could hear us away over the
other side of the park till I suggested to put the quilt on the floor
with the pillow under my bottom I wonder is it nicer in the day I think
it is easy I think Ill cut all this hair off me there scalding me I
might look like a young girl wouldnt he get the great suckin the next
time he turned up my clothes on me Id give anything to see his face
wheres the chamber gone easy Ive a holy horror of its breaking under me
after that old commode I wonder was I too heavy sitting on his knee I
made him sit on the easychair purposely when I took off only my blouse
and skirt first in the other room he was so busy where he oughtnt to be
he never felt me I hope my breath was sweet after those kissing comfits
easy God I remember one time I could scout it out straight whistling
like a man almost easy O Lord how noisy I hope theyre bubbles on it for
a wad of money from some fellow Ill have to perfume it in the morning
dont forget I bet he never saw a better pair of thighs than that look
how white they are the smoothest place is right there between this bit
here how soft like a peach easy God I wouldnt mind being a man and get
up on a lovely woman O Lord what a row youre making like the jersey lily
easy easy O how the waters come down at Lahore</p>
</section>
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<div id="4876254487277834776_4300-h-28.htm.html_pgepubid00085"
class="chapter">
<p>who knows is there anything the matter with my insides or have I
something growing in me getting that thing like that every week when was
it last I Whit Monday yes its only about 3 weeks I ought to go to the
doctor only it would be like before I married him when I had that white
thing coming from me and Floey made me go to that dry old stick Dr
Collins for womens diseases on Pembroke road your vagina he called it I
suppose thats how he got all the gilt mirrors and carpets getting round
those rich ones off Stephens green running up to him for every little
fiddlefaddle her vagina and her cochinchina theyve money of course so
theyre all right I wouldnt marry him not if he was the last man in the
world besides theres something queer about their children always
smelling around those filthy bitches all sides asking me if what I did
had an offensive odour what did he want me to do but the one thing gold
maybe what a question if I smathered it all over his wrinkly old face
for him with all my compriments I suppose hed know then and could you
pass it easily pass what I thought he was talking about the rock of
Gibraltar the way he put it thats a very nice invention too by the way
only I like letting myself down after in the hole as far as I can
squeeze and pull the chain then to flush it nice cool pins and needles
still theres something in it I suppose I always used to know by Millys
when she was a child whether she had worms or not still all the same
paying him for that how much is that doctor one guinea please and asking
me had I frequent omissions where do those old fellows get all the words
they have omissions with his shortsighted eyes on me cocked sideways I
wouldnt trust him too far to give me chloroform or God knows what else
still I liked him when he sat down to write the thing out frowning so
severe his nose intelligent like that you be damned you lying strap O
anything no matter who except an idiot he was clever enough to spot that
of course that was all thinking of him and his mad crazy letters my
Precious one everything connected with your glorious Body everything
underlined that comes from it is a thing of beauty and of joy for ever
something he got out of some nonsensical book that he had me always at
myself 4 and 5 times a day sometimes and I said I hadnt are you sure O
yes I said I am quite sure in a way that shut him up I knew what was
coming next only natural weakness it was he excited me I dont know how
the first night ever we met when I was living in Rehoboth terrace we
stood staring at one another for about 10 minutes as if we met somewhere
I suppose on account of my being jewess looking after my mother he used
to amuse me the things he said with the half sloothering smile on him
and all the Doyles said he was going to stand for a member of Parliament
O wasnt I the born fool to believe all his blather about home rule and
the land league sending me that long strool of a song out of the
Huguenots to sing in French to be more classy O beau pays de la Touraine
that I never even sang once explaining and rigmaroling about religion
and persecution he wont let you enjoy anything naturally then might he
as a great favour the very 1st opportunity he got a chance in Brighton
square running into my bedroom pretending the ink got on his hands to
wash it off with the Albion milk and sulphur soap I used to use and the
gelatine still round it O I laughed myself sick at him that day I better
not make an alnight sitting on this affair they ought to make chambers a
natural size so that a woman could sit on it properly he kneels down to
do it I suppose there isnt in all creation another man with the habits
he has look at the way hes sleeping at the foot of the bed how can he
without a hard bolster its well he doesnt kick or he might knock out all
my teeth breathing with his hand on his nose like that Indian god he
took me to show one wet Sunday in the museum in Kildare street all
yellow in a pinafore lying on his side on his hand with his ten toes
sticking out that he said was a bigger religion than the jews and Our
Lords both put together all over Asia imitating him as hes always
imitating everybody I suppose he used to sleep at the foot of the bed
too with his big square feet up in his wifes mouth damn this stinking
thing anyway wheres this those napkins are ah yes I know I hope the old
press doesnt creak ah I knew it would hes sleeping hard had a good time
somewhere still she must have given him great value for his money of
course he has to pay for it from her O this nuisance of a thing I hope
theyll have something better for us in the other world tying ourselves
up God help us thats all right for tonight now the lumpy old jingly bed
always reminds me of old Cohen I suppose he scratched himself in it
often enough and he thinks father bought it from Lord Napier that I used
to admire when I was a little girl because I told him easy piano O I
like my bed God here we are as bad as ever after 16 years how many
houses were we in at all Raymond terrace and Ontario terrace and Lombard
street and Holles street and he goes about whistling every time were on
the run again his huguenots or the frogs march pretending to help the
men with our 4 sticks of furniture and then the City Arms hotel worse
and worse says Warden Daly that charming place on the landing always
somebody inside praying then leaving all their stinks after them always
know who was in there last every time were just getting on right
something happens or he puts his big foot in it Thoms and Helys and Mr
Cuffes and Drimmies either hes going to be run into prison over his old
lottery tickets that was to be all our salvations or he goes and gives
impudence well have him coming home with the sack soon out of the
Freeman too like the rest on account of those Sinner Fein or the
freemasons then well see if the little man he showed me dribbling along
in the wet all by himself round by Coadys lane will give him much
consolation that he says is so capable and sincerely Irish he is indeed
judging by the sincerity of the trousers I saw on him wait theres
Georges church bells wait 3 quarters the hour wait two oclock well thats
a nice hour of the night for him to be coming home at to anybody
climbing down into the area if anybody saw him Ill knock him off that
little habit tomorrow first Ill look at his shirt to see or Ill see if
he has that French letter still in his pocketbook I suppose he thinks I
dont know deceitful men all their 20 pockets arent enough for their lies
then why should we tell them even if its the truth they dont believe you
then tucked up in bed like those babies in the Aristocrats Masterpiece
he brought me another time as if we hadnt enough of that in real life
without some old Aristocrat or whatever his name is disgusting you more
with those rotten pictures children with two heads and no legs thats the
kind of villainy theyre always dreaming about with not another thing in
their empty heads they ought to get slow poison the half of them then
tea and toast for him buttered on both sides and newlaid eggs I suppose
Im nothing any more when I wouldnt let him lick me in Holles street one
night man man tyrant as ever for the one thing he slept on the floor
half the night naked the way the jews used when somebody dies belonged
to them and wouldnt eat any breakfast or speak a word wanting to be
petted so I thought I stood out enough for one time and let him he does
it all wrong too thinking only of his own pleasure his tongue is too
flat or I dont know what he forgets that wethen I dont Ill make him do
it again if he doesnt mind himself and lock him down to sleep in the
coalcellar with the blackbeetles I wonder was it her Josie off her head
with my castoffs hes such a born liar too no hed never have the courage
with a married woman thats why he wants me and Boylan though as for her
Denis as she calls him that forlornlooking spectacle you couldnt call
him a husband yes its some little bitch hes got in with even when I was
with him with Milly at the College races that Hornblower with the childs
bonnet on the top of his nob let us into by the back way he was throwing
his sheeps eyes at those two doing skirt duty up and down I tried to
wink at him first no use of course and thats the way his money goes this
is the fruits of Mr Paddy Dignam yes they were all in great style at the
grand funeral in the paper Boylan brought in if they saw a real officers
funeral thatd be something reversed arms muffled drums the poor horse
walking behind in black L Boom and Tom Kernan that drunken little
barrelly man that bit his tongue off falling down the mens W C drunk in
some place or other and Martin Cunningham and the two Dedaluses and
Fanny MCoys husband white head of cabbage skinny thing with a turn in
her eye trying to sing my songs shed want to be born all over again and
her old green dress with the lowneck as she cant attract them any other
way like dabbling on a rainy day I see it all now plainly and they call
that friendship killing and then burying one another and they all with
their wives and families at home more especially Jack Power keeping that
barmaid he does of course his wife is always sick or going to be sick or
just getting better of it and hes a goodlooking man still though hes
getting a bit grey over the ears theyre a nice lot all of them well
theyre not going to get my husband again into their clutches if I can
help it making fun of him then behind his back I know well when he goes
on with his idiotics because he has sense enough not to squander every
penny piece he earns down their gullets and looks after his wife and
family goodfornothings poor Paddy Dignam all the same Im sorry in a way
for him what are his wife and 5 children going to do unless he was
insured comical little teetotum always stuck up in some pub corner and
her or her son waiting Bill Bailey wont you please come home her widows
weeds wont improve her appearance theyre awfully becoming though if
youre goodlooking what men wasnt he yes he was at the Glencree dinner
and Ben Dollard base barreltone the night he borrowed the swallowtail to
sing out of in Holles street squeezed and squashed into them and
grinning all over his big Dolly face like a wellwhipped childs botty
didnt he look a balmy ballocks sure enough that must have been a
spectacle on the stage imagine paying 5/- in the preserved seats for
that to see him trotting off in his trowlers and Simon Dedalus too he
was always turning up half screwed singing the second verse first the
old love is the new was one of his so sweetly sang the maiden on the
hawthorn bough he was always on for flirtyfying too when I sang Maritana
with him at Freddy Mayers private opera he had a delicious glorious
voice Phoebe dearest goodbye sweetheart <em>sweet</em>heart he always
sang it not like Bartell DArcy sweet <em>tart</em> goodbye of course he
had the gift of the voice so there was no art in it all over you like a
warm showerbath O Maritana wildwood flower we sang splendidly though it
was a bit too high for my register even transposed and he was married at
the time to May Goulding but then hed say or do something to knock the
good out of it hes a widower now I wonder what sort is his son he says
hes an author and going to be a university professor of Italian and Im
to take lessons what is he driving at now showing him my photo its not
good of me I ought to have got it taken in drapery that never looks out
of fashion still I look young in it I wonder he didnt make him a present
of it altogether and me too after all why not I saw him driving down to
the Kingsbridge station with his father and mother I was in mourning
thats 11 years ago now yes hed be 11 though what was the good in going
into mourning for what was neither one thing nor the other the first cry
was enough for me I heard the deathwatch too ticking in the wall of
course he insisted hed go into mourning for the cat I suppose hes a man
now by this time he was an innocent boy then and a darling little fellow
in his lord Fauntleroy suit and curly hair like a prince on the stage
when I saw him at Mat Dillons he liked me too I remember they all do
wait by God yes wait yes hold on he was on the cards this morning when I
laid out the deck union with a young stranger neither dark nor fair you
met before I thought it meant him but hes no chicken nor a stranger
either besides my face was turned the other way what was the 7th card
after that the 10 of spades for a journey by land then there was a
letter on its way and scandals too the 3 queens and the 8 of diamonds
for a rise in society yes wait it all came out and 2 red 8s for new
garments look at that and didnt I dream something too yes there was
something about poetry in it I hope he hasnt long greasy hair hanging
into his eyes or standing up like a red Indian what do they go about
like that for only getting themselves and their poetry laughed at I
always liked poetry when I was a girl first I thought he was a poet like
lord Byron and not an ounce of it in his composition I thought he was
quite different I wonder is he too young hes about wait 88 I was married
88 Milly is 15 yesterday 89 what age was he then at Dillons 5 or 6 about
88 I suppose hes 20 or more Im not too old for him if hes 23 or 24 I
hope hes not that stuckup university student sort no otherwise he
wouldnt go sitting down in the old kitchen with him taking Eppss cocoa
and talking of course he pretended to understand it all probably he told
him he was out of Trinity college hes very young to be a professor I
hope hes not a professor like Goodwin was he was a potent professor of
John Jameson they all write about some woman in their poetry well I
suppose he wont find many like me where softly sighs of love the light
guitar where poetry is in the air the blue sea and the moon shining so
beautifully coming back on the nightboat from Tarifa the lighthouse at
Europa point the guitar that fellow played was so expressive will I ever
go back there again all new faces two glancing eyes a lattice hid Ill
sing that for him theyre my eyes if hes anything of a poet two eyes as
darkly bright as loves own star arent those beautiful words as loves
young star itll be a change the Lord knows to have an intelligent person
to talk to about yourself not always listening to him and Billy
Prescotts ad and Keyess ad and Tom the Devils ad then if anything goes
wrong in their business we have to suffer Im sure hes very distinguished
Id like to meet a man like that God not those other ruck besides hes
young those fine young men I could see down in Margate strand
bathingplace from the side of the rock standing up in the sun naked like
a God or something and then plunging into the sea with them why arent
all men like that thered be some consolation for a woman like that
lovely little statue he bought I could look at him all day long curly
head and his shoulders his finger up for you to listen theres real
beauty and poetry for you I often felt I wanted to kiss him all over
also his lovely young cock there so simple I wouldnt mind taking him in
my mouth if nobody was looking as if it was asking you to suck it so
clean and white he looks with his boyish face I would too in 1/2 a
minute even if some of it went down what its only like gruel or the dew
theres no danger besides hed be so clean compared with those pigs of men
I suppose never dream of washing it from 1 years end to the other the
most of them only thats what gives the women the moustaches Im sure itll
be grand if I can only get in with a handsome young poet at my age Ill
throw them the 1st thing in the morning till I see if the wishcard comes
out or Ill try pairing the lady herself and see if he comes out Ill read
and study all I can find or learn a bit off by heart if I knew who he
likes so he wont think me stupid if he thinks all women are the same and
I can teach him the other part Ill make him feel all over him till he
half faints under me then hell write about me lover and mistress
publicly too with our 2 photographs in all the papers when he becomes
famous O but then what am I going to do about him though</p>
<p>no thats no way for him has he no manners nor no refinement nor no
nothing in his nature slapping us behind like that on my bottom because
I didnt call him Hugh the ignoramus that doesnt know poetry from a
cabbage thats what you get for not keeping them in their proper place
pulling off his shoes and trousers there on the chair before me so
barefaced without even asking permission and standing out that vulgar
way in the half of a shirt they wear to be admired like a priest or a
butcher or those old hypocrites in the time of Julius Caesar of course
hes right enough in his way to pass the time as a joke sure you might as
well be in bed with what with a lion God Im sure hed have something
better to say for himself an old Lion would O well I suppose its because
they were so plump and tempting in my short petticoat he couldnt resist
they excite myself sometimes its well for men all the amount of pleasure
they get off a womans body were so round and white for them always I
wished I was one myself for a change just to try with that thing they
have swelling up on you so hard and at the same time so soft when you
touch it my uncle John has a thing long I heard those cornerboys saying
passing the comer of Marrowbone lane my aunt Mary has a thing hairy
because it was dark and they knew a girl was passing it didnt make me
blush why should it either its only nature and he puts his thing long
into my aunt Marys hairy etcetera and turns out to be you put the handle
in a sweepingbrush men again all over they can pick and choose what they
please a married woman or a fast widow or a girl for their different
tastes like those houses round behind Irish street no but were to be
always chained up theyre not going to be chaining me up no damn fear
once I start I tell you for their stupid husbands jealousy why cant we
all remain friends over it instead of quarrelling her husband found it
out what they did together well naturally and if he did can he undo it
hes coronado anyway whatever he does and then he going to the other mad
extreme about the wife in Fair Tyrants of course the man never even
casts a 2nd thought on the husband or wife either its the woman he wants
and he gets her what else were we given all those desires for Id like to
know I cant help it if Im young still can I its a wonder Im not an old
shrivelled hag before my time living with him so cold never embracing me
except sometimes when hes asleep the wrong end of me not knowing I
suppose who he has any man thatd kiss a womans bottom Id throw my hat at
him after that hed kiss anything unnatural where we havent 1 atom of any
kind of expression in us all of us the same 2 lumps of lard before ever
Id do that to a man pfooh the dirty brutes the mere thought is enough I
kiss the feet of you senorita theres some sense in that didnt he kiss
our halldoor yes he did what a madman nobody understands his cracked
ideas but me still of course a woman wants to be embraced 20 times a day
almost to make her look young no matter by who so long as to be in love
or loved by somebody if the fellow you want isnt there sometimes by the
Lord God I was thinking would I go around by the quays there some dark
evening where nobodyd know me and pick up a sailor off the sea thatd be
hot on for it and not care a pin whose I was only do it off up in a gate
somewhere or one of those wildlooking gipsies in Rathfarnham had their
camp pitched near the Bloomfield laundry to try and steal our things if
they could I only sent mine there a few times for the name model laundry
sending me back over and over some old ones odd stockings that
blackguardlooking fellow with the fine eyes peeling a switch attack me
in the dark and ride me up against the wall without a word or a murderer
anybody what they do themselves the fine gentlemen in their silk hats
that K C lives up somewhere this way coming out of Hardwicke lane the
night he gave us the fish supper on account of winning over the boxing
match of course it was for me he gave it I knew him by his gaiters and
the walk and when I turned round a minute after just to see there was a
woman after coming out of it too some filthy prostitute then he goes
home to his wife after that only I suppose the half of those sailors are
rotten again with disease O move over your big carcass out of that for
the love of Mike listen to him the winds that waft my sighs to thee so
well he may sleep and sigh the great Suggester Don Poldo de la Flora if
he knew how he came out on the cards this morning hed have something to
sigh for a dark man in some perplexity between 2 7s too in prison for
Lord knows what he does that I dont know and Im to be slooching around
down in the kitchen to get his lordship his breakfast while hes rolled
up like a mummy will I indeed did you ever see me running Id just like
to see myself at it show them attention and they treat you like dirt I
dont care what anybody says itd be much better for the world to be
governed by the women in it you wouldnt see women going and killing one
another and slaughtering when do you ever see women rolling around drunk
like they do or gambling every penny they have and losing it on horses
yes because a woman whatever she does she knows where to stop sure they
wouldnt be in the world at all only for us they dont know what it is to
be a woman and a mother how could they where would they all of them be
if they hadnt all a mother to look after them what I never had thats why
I suppose hes running wild now out at night away from his books and
studies and not living at home on account of the usual rowy house I
suppose well its a poor case that those that have a fine son like that
theyre not satisfied and I none was he not able to make one it wasnt my
fault we came together when I was watching the two dogs up in her behind
in the middle of the naked street that disheartened me altogether I
suppose I oughtnt to have buried him in that little woolly jacket I
knitted crying as I was but give it to some poor child but I knew well
Id never have another our 1st death too it was we were never the same
since O Im not going to think myself into the glooms about that any more
I wonder why he wouldnt stay the night I felt all the time it was
somebody strange he brought in instead of roving around the city meeting
God knows who nightwalkers and pickpockets his poor mother wouldnt like
that if she was alive ruining himself for life perhaps still its a
lovely hour so silent I used to love coming home after dances the air of
the night they have friends they can talk to weve none either he wants
what he wont get or its some woman ready to stick her knife in you I
hate that in women no wonder they treat us the way they do we are a
dreadful lot of bitches I suppose its all the troubles we have makes us
so snappy Im not like that he could easy have slept in there on the sofa
in the other room I suppose he was as shy as a boy he being so young
hardly 20 of me in the next room hed have heard me on the chamber arrah
what harm Dedalus I wonder its like those names in Gibraltar Delapaz
Delagracia they had the devils queer names there father Vilaplana of
Santa Maria that gave me the rosary Rosales y OReilly in the Calle las
Siete Revueltas and Pisimbo and Mrs Opisso in Governor street O what a
name Id go and drown myself in the first river if I had a name like her
O my and all the bits of streets Paradise ramp and Bedlam ramp and
Rodgers ramp and Crutchetts ramp and the devils gap steps well small
blame to me if I am a harumscarum I know I am a bit I declare to God I
dont feel a day older than then I wonder could I get my tongue round any
of the Spanish como esta usted muy bien gracias y usted see I havent
forgotten it all I thought I had only for the grammar a noun is the name
of any person place or thing pity I never tried to read that novel
cantankerous Mrs Rubio lent me by Valera with the questions in it all
upside down the two ways I always knew wed go away in the end I can tell
him the Spanish and he tell me the Italian then hell see Im not so
ignorant what a pity he didnt stay Im sure the poor fellow was dead
tired and wanted a good sleep badly I could have brought him in his
breakfast in bed with a bit of toast so long as I didnt do it on the
knife for bad luck or if the woman was going her rounds with the
watercress and something nice and tasty there are a few olives in the
kitchen he might like I never could bear the look of them in Abrines I
could do the criada the room looks all right since I changed it the
other way you see something was telling me all the time Id have to
introduce myself not knowing me from Adam very funny wouldnt it Im his
wife or pretend we were in Spain with him half awake without a Gods
notion where he is dos huevos estrellados senor Lord the cracked things
come into my head sometimes itd be great fun supposing he stayed with us
why not theres the room upstairs empty and Millys bed in the back room
he could do his writing and studies at the table in there for all the
scribbling he does at it and if he wants to read in bed in the morning
like me as hes making the breakfast for 1 he can make it for 2 Im sure
Im not going to take in lodgers off the street for him if he takes a
gesabo of a house like this Id love to have a long talk with an
intelligent welleducated person Id have to get a nice pair of red
slippers like those Turks with the fez used to sell or yellow and a nice
semitransparent morning gown that I badly want or a peachblossom
dressing jacket like the one long ago in Walpoles only 8/6 or 18/6 Ill
just give him one more chance Ill get up early in the morning Im sick of
Cohens old bed in any case I might go over to the markets to see all the
vegetables and cabbages and tomatoes and carrots and all kinds of
splendid fruits all coming in lovely and fresh who knows whod be the 1st
man Id meet theyre out looking for it in the morning Mamy Dillon used to
say they are and the night too that was her massgoing Id love a big
juicy pear now to melt in your mouth like when I used to be in the
longing way then Ill throw him up his eggs and tea in the moustachecup
she gave him to make his mouth bigger I suppose hed like my nice cream
too I know what Ill do Ill go about rather gay not too much singing a
bit now and then mi fa pieta Masetto then Ill start dressing myself to
go out presto non son piu forte Ill put on my best shift and drawers let
him have a good eyeful out of that to make his micky stand for him Ill
let him know if thats what he wanted that his wife is fucked yes and
damn well fucked too up to my neck nearly not by him 5 or 6 times
handrunning theres the mark of his spunk on the clean sheet I wouldnt
bother to even iron it out that ought to satisfy him if you dont believe
me feel my belly unless I made him stand there and put him into me Ive a
mind to tell him every scrap and make him do it out in front of me serve
him right its all his own fault if I am an adulteress as the thing in
the gallery said O much about it if thats all the harm ever we did in
this vale of tears God knows its not much doesnt everybody only they
hide it I suppose thats what a woman is supposed to be there for or He
wouldnt have made us the way He did so attractive to men then if he
wants to kiss my bottom Ill drag open my drawers and bulge it right out
in his face as large as life he can stick his tongue 7 miles up my hole
as hes there my brown part then Ill tell him I want £ 1 or perhaps 30/-
Ill tell him I want to buy underclothes then if he gives me that well he
wont be too bad I dont want to soak it all out of him like other women
do I could often have written out a fine cheque for myself and write his
name on it for a couple of pounds a few times he forgot to lock it up
besides he wont spend it Ill let him do it off on me behind provided he
doesnt smear all my good drawers O I suppose that cant be helped Ill do
the indifferent 1 or 2 questions Ill know by the answers when hes like
that he cant keep a thing back I know every turn in him Ill tighten my
bottom well and let out a few smutty words smellrump or lick my shit or
the first mad thing comes into my head then Ill suggest about yes O wait
now sonny my turn is coming Ill be quite gay and friendly over it O but
I was forgetting this bloody pest of a thing pfooh you wouldnt know
which to laugh or cry were such a mixture of plum and apple no Ill have
to wear the old things so much the better itll be more pointed hell
never know whether he did it or not there thats good enough for you any
old thing at all then Ill wipe him off me just like a business his
omission then Ill go out Ill have him eying up at the ceiling where is
she gone now make him want me thats the only way a quarter after what an
unearthly hour I suppose theyre just getting up in China now combing out
their pigtails for the day well soon have the nuns ringing the angelus
theyve nobody coming in to spoil their sleep except an odd priest or two
for his night office or the alarmclock next door at cockshout clattering
the brains out of itself let me see if I can doze off 1 2 3 4 5 what
kind of flowers are those they invented like the stars the wallpaper in
Lombard street was much nicer the apron he gave me was like that
something only I only wore it twice better lower this lamp and try again
so as I can get up early Ill go to Lambes there beside Findlaters and
get them to send us some flowers to put about the place in case he
brings him home tomorrow today I mean no no Fridays an unlucky day first
I want to do the place up someway the dust grows in it I think while Im
asleep then we can have music and cigarettes I can accompany him first I
must clean the keys of the piano with milk whatll I wear shall I wear a
white rose or those fairy cakes in Liptons I love the smell of a rich
big shop at 7 1/2d a lb or the other ones with the cherries in them and
the pinky sugar 11d a couple of lbs of those a nice plant for the middle
of the table Id get that cheaper in wait wheres this I saw them not long
ago I love flowers Id love to have the whole place swimming in roses God
of heaven theres nothing like nature the wild mountains then the sea and
the waves rushing then the beautiful country with the fields of oats and
wheat and all kinds of things and all the fine cattle going about that
would do your heart good to see rivers and lakes and flowers all sorts
of shapes and smells and colours springing up even out of the ditches
primroses and violets nature it is as for them saying theres no God I
wouldnt give a snap of my two fingers for all their learning why dont
they go and create something I often asked him atheists or whatever they
call themselves go and wash the cobbles off themselves first then they
go howling for the priest and they dying and why why because theyre
afraid of hell on account of their bad conscience ah yes I know them
well who was the first person in the universe before there was anybody
that made it all who ah that they dont know neither do I so there you
are they might as well try to stop the sun from rising tomorrow the sun
shines for you he said the day we were lying among the rhododendrons on
Howth head in the grey tweed suit and his straw hat the day I got him to
propose to me yes first I gave him the bit of seedcake out of my mouth
and it was leapyear like now yes 16 years ago my God after that long
kiss I near lost my breath yes he said I was a flower of the mountain
yes so we are flowers all a womans body yes that was one true thing he
said in his life and the sun shines for you today yes that was why I
liked him because I saw he understood or felt what a woman is and I knew
I could always get round him and I gave him all the pleasure I could
leading him on till he asked me to say yes and I wouldnt answer first
only looked out over the sea and the sky I was thinking of so many
things he didnt know of Mulvey and Mr Stanhope and Hester and father and
old captain Groves and the sailors playing all birds fly and I say stoop
and washing up dishes they called it on the pier and the sentry in front
of the governors house with the thing round his white helmet poor devil
half roasted and the Spanish girls laughing in their shawls and their
tall combs and the auctions in the morning the Greeks and the jews and
the Arabs and the devil knows who else from all the ends of Europe and
Duke street and the fowl market all clucking outside Larby Sharons and
the poor donkeys slipping half asleep and the vague fellows in the
cloaks asleep in the shade on the steps and the big wheels of the carts
of the bulls and the old castle thousands of years old yes and those
handsome Moors all in white and turbans like kings asking you to sit
down in their little bit of a shop and Ronda with the old windows of the
posadas 2 glancing eyes a lattice hid for her lover to kiss the iron and
the wineshops half open at night and the castanets and the night we
missed the boat at Algeciras the watchman going about serene with his
lamp and O that awful deepdown torrent O and the sea the sea crimson
sometimes like fire and the glorious sunsets and the figtrees in the
Alameda gardens yes and all the queer little streets and the pink and
blue and yellow houses and the rosegardens and the jessamine and
geraniums and cactuses and Gibraltar as a girl where I was a Flower of
the mountain yes when I put the rose in my hair like the Andalusian
girls used or shall I wear a red yes and how he kissed me under the
Moorish wall and I thought well as well him as another and then I asked
him with my eyes to ask again yes and then he asked me would I yes to
say yes my mountain flower and first I put my arms around him yes and
drew him down to me so he could feel my breasts all perfume yes and his
heart was going like mad and yes I said yes I will Yes.</p>
<p>Trieste-Zurich-Paris</p>
<p>1914-1921</p>
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</body></html>
EPUB reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 76/76 checked-in package/native pairs plus the upstream media-bag tuples; the reader resolves the OPF rootfile, metadata, XHTML spine, package-relative href/src resources, EPUB3 nav, and NCX fallback entries through the shared HTML-capable reader path.

fb2

2 samples
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<FictionBook xmlns="http://www.gribuser.ru/xml/fictionbook/2.0" xmlns:l="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<description>
<title-info>
<genre>unrecognised</genre>
</title-info>
<document-info>
<program-used>pandoc</program-used>
</document-info>
</description>
<body>
<title>
<p />
</title>
<section id="top-level-title">
<title>
<p>Top-level title</p>
</title>
<section id="section">
<title>
<p>Section</p>
</title>
<section id="subsection">
<title>
<p>Subsection</p>
</title>
<p>This <emphasis>emphasized</emphasis> <strong>strong</strong> <code>verbatim</code> markdown.
See this <a l:href="http://example.com/">link</a>.</p>
<p>Ordered list:</p>
<p>1. one</p>
<p>2. two</p>
<p>3. three</p>
<cite>
<p>Blockquote
is
for
citatons.</p>
</cite>
<empty-line />
<p>
<code>Code</code>
</p>
<p>
<code>block</code>
</p>
<p>
<code>is</code>
</p>
<p>
<code>for</code>
</p>
<p>
<code>code.</code>
</p>
<empty-line />
<p>
<strikethrough>Strikeout</strikethrough> is Pandoc’s extension.
Superscript and subscripts too: H<sub>2</sub>O is a liquid<a l:href="#n1" type="note">[1]</a>.
2<sup>10</sup> is 1024.</p>
<p>Math is another Pandoc extension: <code>E = m c^2</code>.</p>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</body>
<body name="notes">
<section id="n1">
<title>
<p>1</p>
</title>
<p>Sometimes.</p>
</section>
</body>
</FictionBook>

Download original file

FictionBook XML sample from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1></h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="top-level-title" class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Top-level title</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="section" class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Section</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="subsection" class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>Subsection</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This <em>emphasized</em> <strong>strong</strong> <code>verbatim</code> markdown.
See this <a href="http://example.com/">link</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ordered list:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1. one</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>2. two</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>3. three</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>Code</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>block</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>is</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>for</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>code.</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><del>Strikeout</del> is Pandoc’s extension.
Superscript and subscripts too: H<sub>2</sub>O is a liquid<sup id="fnref-1"><a href="#fn-1" role="doc-noteref">1</a></sup>.
2<sup>10</sup> is 1024.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Math is another Pandoc extension: <code>E = m c^2</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li id="fn-1"><p>Sometimes.</p> <a href="#fnref-1" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1></h1>
<section id="top-level-title">
<h2>Top-level title</h2>
<section id="section">
<h3>Section</h3>
<section id="subsection">
<h4>Subsection</h4>
<p>This <em>emphasized</em> <strong>strong</strong> <code>verbatim</code> markdown.
See this <a href="http://example.com/">link</a>.</p>
<p>Ordered list:</p>
<p>1. one</p>
<p>2. two</p>
<p>3. three</p>
<hr />
<p><code>Code</code></p>
<p><code>block</code></p>
<p><code>is</code></p>
<p><code>for</code></p>
<p><code>code.</code></p>
<hr />
<p><del>Strikeout</del> is Pandoc’s extension.
Superscript and subscripts too: H<sub>2</sub>O is a liquid<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a>.
2<sup>10</sup> is 1024.</p>
<p>Math is another Pandoc extension: <code>E = m c^2</code>.</p>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<div class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>Sometimes.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1></h1>
<h2 id="top-level-title">Top-level title</h2>
<h3 id="section">Section</h3>
<h4 id="subsection">Subsection</h4>
<p>This <em>emphasized</em> <strong>strong</strong>
<code>verbatim</code> markdown. See this <a
href="http://example.com/">link</a>.</p>
<p>Ordered list:</p>
<p>1. one</p>
<p>2. two</p>
<p>3. three</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Blockquote is for citatons.</p>
</blockquote>
<hr />
<p> <code>Code</code> </p>
<p> <code>block</code> </p>
<p> <code>is</code> </p>
<p> <code>for</code> </p>
<p> <code>code.</code> </p>
<hr />
<p> <del>Strikeout</del> is Pandoc’s extension. Superscript and
subscripts too: H<sub>2</sub>O is a liquid<a href="#fn1"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a>.
2<sup>10</sup> is 1024.</p>
<p>Math is another Pandoc extension: <code>E = m c^2</code>.</p>
<section id="footnotes" class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document"
role="doc-endnotes">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>Sometimes.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</section>
</body></html>
Bounded FB2 reader maps FictionBook XML sections, titles, epigraphs, poems, metadata, notes, and inline formatting into the shared AST for the pinned upstream FB2 reader golden fixtures.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<FictionBook xmlns="http://www.gribuser.ru/xml/fictionbook/2.0" xmlns:l="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
	<body>
		<section>
			<p>Note <a l:href="#n1" type="note">1</a>.</p>
			<p>Second note <a l:href="#n2" type="note">2</a>.</p>
		</section>
	</body>
	<body name="notes">
		<section id="n1">
			<title><p>1</p></title>
			<p>Note contents</p>
		</section>
		<section id="n2">
			<title><p>2</p></title>
			<p>Second note contents.</p>
		</section>
	</body>
</FictionBook>

Download original file

FictionBook notes fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group section">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note <sup id="fnref-1"><a href="#fn-1" role="doc-noteref">1</a></sup>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Second note <sup id="fnref-2"><a href="#fn-2" role="doc-noteref">2</a></sup>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li id="fn-1"><p>Note contents</p> <a href="#fnref-1" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-2"><p>Second note contents.</p> <a href="#fnref-2" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><section>
<p>Note <a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a>.</p>
<p>Second note <a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref"><sup>2</sup></a>.</p>
</section>
<div class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>Note contents<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn2"><p>Second note contents.<a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><section>
<p>Note <a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a>.</p>
<p>Second note <a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>2</sup></a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="footnotes" class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document"
role="doc-endnotes">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>Note contents<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn2"><p>Second note contents.<a href="#fnref2"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</section>
</body></html>
Bounded FB2 reader maps FictionBook XML sections, titles, epigraphs, poems, metadata, notes, and inline formatting into the shared AST for the pinned upstream FB2 reader golden fixtures.

gfm

1 sample

GitLab Markdown guide

82794 bytes | gitlabhq/gitlabhq doc/user/markdown.md

---
stage: Plan
group: Knowledge
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see <https://handbook.gitlab.com/handbook/product/ux/technical-writing/#assignments>
title: GitLab Flavored Markdown (GLFM)
description: Formatting, inline HTML, GitLab-specific references, diagrams, and flowcharts.
---

{{< details >}}

- Tier: Free, Premium, Ultimate
- Offering: GitLab.com, GitLab Self-Managed, GitLab Dedicated

{{< /details >}}

GitLab Flavored Markdown (GLFM) is a markup language that formats text in the GitLab user interface.
GLFM:

- Creates rich content with support for code, diagrams, math equations, and multimedia.
- Links issues, merge requests, and other GitLab content with cross-references.
- Organizes information with task lists, tables, and collapsible sections.
- Supports syntax highlighting for over 100 programming languages.
- Ensures accessibility with semantic heading structures and image descriptions.

When you enter text in the GitLab UI, GitLab assumes the text is in GitLab Flavored Markdown.

You can use GitLab Flavored Markdown in:

- Comments
- Issues
- Epics
- Merge requests
- Milestones
- Snippets (the snippet must be named with a `.md` extension)
- Wiki pages
- Markdown documents inside repositories
- Releases

You can also use other rich text files in GitLab. You might have to install a dependency
to do so. For more information, see the [`gitlab-markup` gem project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-markup).

> [!note]
> This Markdown specification is valid for GitLab only. We do our best to render the Markdown faithfully here,
> however the [GitLab documentation website](https://docs.gitlab.com) and the [GitLab handbook](https://handbook.gitlab.com)
> use a different Markdown renderer.

To see exact examples of how GitLab renders any of these examples:

1. Copy the relevant raw Markdown example (not the rendered version of the example).
1. Paste the Markdown somewhere in GitLab that supports Markdown previews, for example
   issue or merge request comments or descriptions, or a new Markdown file.
1. Select **Preview** to view the GitLab-rendered Markdown.

## Differences with standard Markdown

<!--
Use this topic to list features that are not present in standard Markdown.
Don't repeat this information in each individual topic, unless there's a specific
reason, like in "Newlines".
-->

GitLab Flavored Markdown consists of the following:

- Core Markdown features, based on the [CommonMark specification](https://spec.commonmark.org/current/).
- Extensions from [GitHub Flavored Markdown](https://github.github.com/gfm/).
- Extensions made specifically for GitLab.

All standard Markdown formatting should work as expected in GitLab. Some standard
functionality is extended with additional features, without affecting the standard usage.

The following features are not found in standard Markdown:

- [Alerts](#alerts)
- [Color chips written in `HEX`, `RGB` or `HSL`](#colors)
- [Description lists](#description-lists)
- [Diagrams and flowcharts](#diagrams-and-flowcharts)
- [Emoji](#emoji)
- [Footnotes](#footnotes)
- [Front matter](#front-matter)
- [GitLab-specific references](#gitlab-specific-references) (Not supported in Markdown snippet files.)
...

Download original file

Real 81 KB GitLab Flavored Markdown guide with front matter, tables, fenced code, task lists, strikethrough, math, diagrams, references, images, and nested lists.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; details &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Tier: Free, Premium, Ultimate</li><li>Offering: GitLab.com, GitLab Self-Managed, GitLab Dedicated</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /details &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown (GLFM) is a markup language that formats text in the GitLab user interface.
GLFM:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Creates rich content with support for code, diagrams, math equations, and multimedia.</li><li>Links issues, merge requests, and other GitLab content with cross-references.</li><li>Organizes information with task lists, tables, and collapsible sections.</li><li>Supports syntax highlighting for over 100 programming languages.</li><li>Ensures accessibility with semantic heading structures and image descriptions.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When you enter text in the GitLab UI, GitLab assumes the text is in GitLab Flavored Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use GitLab Flavored Markdown in:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Comments</li><li>Issues</li><li>Epics</li><li>Merge requests</li><li>Milestones</li><li>Snippets (the snippet must be named with a <code>.md</code> extension)</li><li>Wiki pages</li><li>Markdown documents inside repositories</li><li>Releases</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can also use other rich text files in GitLab. You might have to install a dependency
to do so. For more information, see the <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-markup"><code>gitlab-markup</code> gem project</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group note">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This Markdown specification is valid for GitLab only. We do our best to render the Markdown faithfully here,
however the <a href="https://docs.gitlab.com">GitLab documentation website</a> and the <a href="https://handbook.gitlab.com">GitLab handbook</a>
use a different Markdown renderer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To see exact examples of how GitLab renders any of these examples:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Copy the relevant raw Markdown example (not the rendered version of the example).</li><li>Paste the Markdown somewhere in GitLab that supports Markdown previews, for example issue or merge request comments or descriptions, or a new Markdown file.</li><li>Select <strong>Preview</strong> to view the GitLab-rendered Markdown.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="differences-with-standard-markdown">Differences with standard Markdown</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
Use this topic to list features that are not present in standard Markdown.
Don't repeat this information in each individual topic, unless there's a specific
reason, like in "Newlines".
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown consists of the following:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Core Markdown features, based on the <a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/current/">CommonMark specification</a>.</li><li>Extensions from <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/">GitHub Flavored Markdown</a>.</li><li>Extensions made specifically for GitLab.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All standard Markdown formatting should work as expected in GitLab. Some standard
functionality is extended with additional features, without affecting the standard usage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following features are not found in standard Markdown:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="#alerts">Alerts</a></li><li><a href="#colors">Color chips written in <code>HEX</code>, <code>RGB</code> or <code>HSL</code></a></li><li><a href="#description-lists">Description lists</a></li><li><a href="#diagrams-and-flowcharts">Diagrams and flowcharts</a></li><li><a href="#emoji">Emoji</a></li><li><a href="#footnotes">Footnotes</a></li><li><a href="#front-matter">Front matter</a></li><li><a href="#gitlab-specific-references">GitLab-specific references</a> (Not supported in Markdown snippet files.)</li><li><a href="#includes">Includes</a></li><li><a href="#placeholders">Placeholders</a></li><li><a href="#inline-diff">Inline diffs</a></li><li><a href="#math-equations">Math equations and symbols written in LaTeX</a></li><li><a href="#emphasis">Strikethrough</a></li><li><a href="#table-of-contents">Table of Contents</a></li><li><a href="#tables">Tables</a></li><li><a href="#task-lists">Task lists</a></li><li><a href="project/wiki/markdown.md">Wiki-specific Markdown</a></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following features are extended from standard Markdown:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:57.3529%"/><col style="width:42.6471%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Standard Markdown</th><th>Extended Markdown in GitLab</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><a href="#blockquotes">Blockquotes</a></td><td><a href="#multiline-blockquote">Multiline blockquotes</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#code-spans-and-blocks">Code blocks</a></td><td><a href="#syntax-highlighting">Colored code and syntax highlighting</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#headings">Headings</a></td><td><a href="#heading-ids-and-links">Linkable heading IDs</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#images">Images</a></td><td><a href="#videos">Embedded videos</a> and <a href="#audio">audio</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#links">Links</a></td><td><a href="#url-auto-linking">Automatically linking URLs</a></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="markdown-and-accessibility">Markdown and accessibility</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When you use GitLab Flavored Markdown, you are creating digital content.
This content should be as accessible as possible to your audience.
The following list is not exhaustive, but it provides guidance for some of the GitLab Flavored Markdown styles to pay
particular attention to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="accessible-headings">Accessible headings</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use heading formatting to create a logical heading structure.
The structure of headings on a page should make sense, like a good table of contents.
Ensure that there is only one <code>h1</code> element on a page, that heading levels are not skipped, and that they are nested correctly.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="accessible-tables">Accessible tables</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To keep tables accessible and scannable, tables should not have any empty cells.
If there is no otherwise meaningful value for a cell, consider entering <strong>N/A</strong> for &quot;not applicable&quot; or <strong>None</strong>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="accessible-images-and-videos">Accessible images and videos</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Describe the image or video in the <code>[alt text]</code>. Make the description accurate, succinct, and unique.
Don&#039;t use <code>image of</code> or <code>video of</code> in the description. For more information, see <a href="https://webaim.org/techniques/alttext/">WebAim Alternative Text</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="work-item-and-merge-request-titles">Work item and merge request titles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Full GitLab Flavored Markdown support <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/184070">introduced</a> in GitLab 18.0.</li><li>Full GitLab Flavored Markdown support <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/224839">removed</a> in GitLab 18.11.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Titles of issues, merge requests, epics, and other work items do not support full GitLab Flavored Markdown.
Titles support only:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Code spans (<code>`code`</code>), without support for <a href="#use-additional-backticks">using additional backticks</a> or escaping.</li><li>Emoji (<code>:emoji:</code> shortcodes and custom emoji).</li><li>Auto-linked URLs.</li><li><a href="#gitlab-specific-references">GitLab-specific references</a> like <code>#123</code>, <code>@user</code>, and <code>!456</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Standard Markdown syntax like bold, italic, links, headings, lists, and other block-level formatting is not processed in titles.
For example, the title <code>**Merge request title**</code> is not displayed in bold and is displayed with the asterisks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="headings">Headings</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Create headings from 1 to 6 by using <code>#</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># H1
## H2
### H3
#### H4
##### H5
###### H6</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alternatively, for H1 and H2, use an underline style:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Alt-H1
======

Alt-H2
------</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="heading-ids-and-links">Heading IDs and links</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Heading link generation <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/440733">changed</a> in GitLab 17.0.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All Markdown-rendered headings automatically
get IDs that can be linked to, except in comments.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On hover, a link to those IDs becomes visible to make it easier to copy the link to
the heading to use it somewhere else.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The IDs are generated from the content of the heading according to the following rules:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>All text is converted to lowercase.</li><li>All non-word text (such as punctuation or HTML) is removed.</li><li>All spaces are converted to hyphens.</li><li>Two or more hyphens in a row are converted to one.</li><li>If a heading with the same ID has already been generated, a unique incrementing number is appended, starting at 1.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the example link IDs.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown"># This heading has spaces in it
## This heading has a :thumbsup: in it
# This heading has Unicode in it: 한글
## This heading has spaces in it
### This heading has spaces in it
## This heading has 3.5 in it (and parentheses)
## This heading has  multiple spaces and --- hyphens</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Would generate the following link IDs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><code>this-heading-has-spaces-in-it</code></li><li><code>this-heading-has-a-thumbsup-in-it</code></li><li><code>this-heading-has-unicode-in-it-한글</code></li><li><code>this-heading-has-spaces-in-it-1</code></li><li><code>this-heading-has-spaces-in-it-2</code></li><li><code>this-heading-has-35-in-it-and-parentheses</code></li><li><code>this-heading-has--multiple-spaces-and-----hyphens</code></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="line-breaks">Line breaks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A line break is inserted (a new paragraph starts) if the previous text is
ended with two newlines. For example, when you press <kbd>Enter</kbd> twice in a row. If you only
use one newline (press <kbd>Enter</kbd> once), the next sentence remains part of the
same paragraph. Use this approach if you want to keep long lines from wrapping, and keep
them editable:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Here&#039;s a line for us to start with.

This longer line is separated from the one above by two newlines, so it is a *separate paragraph*.

This line is also a separate paragraph, but...
These lines are only separated by single newlines,
so they *do not break* and just follow the previous lines
in the *same paragraph*.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Here&#039;s a line for us to start with.</p><p>This longer line is separated from the one above by two newlines, so it is a <em>separate paragraph</em>.</p><p>This line is also a separate paragraph, but...
These lines are only separated by single newlines,
so they <em>do not break</em> and just follow the previous lines
in the <em>same paragraph</em>.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="newlines">Newlines</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A paragraph is one or more consecutive lines of text, separated by one or
more blank lines (two newlines at the end of the first paragraph), as explained in <a href="#line-breaks">line breaks</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Need more control over line breaks or soft returns? Add a single line break
by ending a line with a backslash, or two or more spaces. Two newlines in a row create a new
paragraph, with a blank line in between:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">First paragraph.
Another line in the same paragraph.
A third line in the same paragraph, but this time ending with two spaces.&lt;space&gt;&lt;space&gt;
A new line directly under the first paragraph.

Second paragraph.
Another line, this time ending with a backslash.\
A new line due to the previous backslash.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>First paragraph.
Another line in the same paragraph.
A third line in the same paragraph, but this time ending with two spaces.<br>
A new line directly under the first paragraph.</p><p>Second paragraph.
Another line, this time ending with a backslash.<br/>A new line due to the previous backslash.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This syntax adheres to the Markdown specification for handling
<a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/current/">paragraphs and line breaks</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="emphasis">Emphasis</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can emphasize text in multiple ways. Use italics, bold, strikethrough,
or combine these emphasis styles together.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Examples:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Emphasis, or italics, with *asterisks* or _underscores_.

Strong emphasis, or bold, with double **asterisks** or __underscores__.

Combined emphasis with **asterisks and _underscores_**.

Strikethrough with double tildes. ~~Scratch this.~~</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Emphasis, or italics, with <em>asterisks</em> or <em>underscores</em>.</p><p>Strong emphasis, or bold, with double <strong>asterisks</strong> or <strong>underscores</strong>.</p><p>Combined emphasis with <strong>asterisks and <em>underscores</em></strong>.</p><p>Strikethrough with double tildes. <del>Scratch this.</del></p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="mid-word-emphasis">Mid-word emphasis</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Avoid italicizing a portion of a word, especially when you&#039;re
dealing with code and names that often appear with multiple underscores.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown ignores multiple underlines in words,
to allow better rendering of Markdown documents discussing code:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE these examples or the rendered versions.
The mid-word emphasis examples do not work in all languages and must stay in English to render correctly.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">perform_complicated_task

do_this_and_do_that_and_another_thing

but_emphasis is_desired _here_</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = NO -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>perform_complicated_task</p><p>do_this_and_do_that_and_another_thing</p><p>but_emphasis is_desired <em>here</em></p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = YES -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you wish to emphasize only a part of a word, it can still be done with asterisks:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">perform*complicated*task

do*this*and*do*that*and*another thing</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>perform<em>complicated</em>task</p><p>do<em>this</em>and<em>do</em>that<em>and</em>another thing</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="inline-diff">Inline diff</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With inline diff tags, you can display <code>{+ additions +}</code> or <code>[- deletions -]</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The wrapping tags can be either curly braces or square brackets:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- {+ addition 1 +}
- [+ addition 2 +]
- {- deletion 3 -}
- [- deletion 4 -]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="img/inline_diff_01_v13_3.png" alt="Inline diff as rendered by the GitLab interface"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>However, you cannot mix the wrapping tags:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- {+ addition +]
- [+ addition +}
- {- deletion -]
- [- deletion -}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Diff highlighting doesn&#039;t work with <code>`inline code`</code>. If your text includes backticks (<code>`</code>), <a href="#escape-characters">escape</a>
each backtick with a backslash <code>\</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- {+ Just regular text +}
- {+ Text with `backticks` inside +}
- {+ Text with escaped \`backticks\` inside +}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="img/inline_diff_02_v13_3.png" alt="Inline diff with mixed formatting, as rendered by the GitLab interface"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="horizontal-rule">Horizontal rule</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Create a horizontal rule by using three or more hyphens, asterisks, or underscores:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">---

***

___</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, all horizontal rules look similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can create ordered and unordered lists.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For an ordered list, add the number you want the list
to start with, like <code>1.</code>, followed by a space, at the start of each line.
After the first number, it does not matter what number you use. Ordered lists are
numbered automatically by vertical order, so repeating <code>1.</code> for all items in the
same list is common. If you start with a number other than <code>1.</code>, it uses that as the first
number, and counts up from there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Examples:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">1. First ordered list item
2. Another item
   - Unordered sub-list.
1. Actual numbers don&#039;t matter, just that it&#039;s a number
   1. Ordered sub-list
   1. Next ordered sub-list item
4. And another item.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
The "2." and "4." in the previous example are changed to "1." in the following example,
to match the style standards on <https://docs.gitlab.com>.
See <https://docs.gitlab.com/development/documentation/styleguide/#lists>.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ol><li>First ordered list item</li><li>Another item<ul><li>Unordered sub-list.</li></ul></li><li>Actual numbers don&#039;t matter, just that it&#039;s a number<ol><li>Ordered sub-list</li><li>Next ordered sub-list item</li></ol></li><li>And another item.</li></ol></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For an unordered list, add a <code>-</code>, <code>*</code> or <code>+</code>, followed by a space, at the start of
each line. Don&#039;t mix the characters in the same list.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Unordered lists can:

- use
- minuses

They can also:

* use
* asterisks

They can even:

+ use
+ pluses</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
The "*" and "+" in the previous example are changed to "-" in the following example,
to match the style standards on <https://docs.gitlab.com>.
See <https://docs.gitlab.com/development/documentation/styleguide/#lists>.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Unordered lists can:</p><ul><li>use</li><li>minuses</li></ul><p>They can also:</p><ul><li>use</li><li>asterisks</li></ul><p>They can even:</p><ul><li>use</li><li>pluses</li></ul></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a list item contains multiple paragraphs, each subsequent paragraph should be indented
to the same level as the start of the list item text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">1. First ordered list item

   Second paragraph of first item.

1. Another item</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ol><li><p>First ordered list item</p><p>Second paragraph of first item.</p></li><li><p>Another item</p></li></ol></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the first item&#039;s paragraph isn&#039;t indented with the proper number of spaces,
the paragraph appears outside the list.
Use the correct number of spaces to properly indent under the list item.
For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">1. First ordered list item

  (Misaligned paragraph of first item.)

1. Another item</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD027 -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ol><li>First ordered list item</li></ol><p>(Misaligned paragraph of first item.)</p><ol><li>Another item</li></ol></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-enable MD027 -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ordered lists that are the first sub-item of an unordered list item must have a preceding blank line if they don&#039;t start with <code>1.</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, with a blank line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- Unordered list item

  5. First ordered list item</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD029 -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ul><li><p>Unordered list item</p><ol start="5"><li>First ordered list item</li></ol></li></ul></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD029 -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the blank line is missing, the second list item renders as part of the first one:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- Unordered list item
  5. First ordered list item</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ul><li>Unordered list item<ol start="5"><li>First ordered list item</li></ol></li></ul></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CommonMark ignores blank lines between ordered and unordered list items, and considers them part of a single list. The items are rendered as a
<a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/0.30/#loose">loose</a> list. Each list item is enclosed in a paragraph tag and therefore has paragraph spacing and margins.
This makes the list look like there is extra spacing between each item.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- First list item
- Second list item

- A different list</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ul><li><p>First list item</p></li><li><p>Second list item</p></li><li><p>A different list</p></li></ul></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CommonMark ignores the blank line and renders this as one list with paragraph spacing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="description-lists">Description lists</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Description lists <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/26314">introduced</a> in GitLab 17.7.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A description list is a list of terms with corresponding descriptions.
Each term can have multiple descriptions.
In HTML this is represented with <code>&lt;dl&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;dt&gt;</code>, and <code>&lt;dd&gt;</code> tags.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To create a description list, place the term on one line, with the description on the next line beginning with a colon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Fruits
: apple
: orange

Vegetables
: broccoli
: kale
: spinach</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can also have a blank line between the term and description.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Fruits

: apple

: orange</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group note">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The rich text editor does not support inserting new description lists. To insert a new description list, use the
plain text editor. For more information, see <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/535956">issue 535956</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="task-lists">Task lists</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can add task lists anywhere Markdown is supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>In issues, merge requests, epics, and comments, you can select the boxes.</li><li>In all other places, you cannot select the boxes. You must edit the Markdown manually by adding or removing an <code>x</code> in the brackets.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Besides complete and incomplete, tasks can also be <strong>inapplicable</strong>. Selecting an inapplicable checkbox
in an issue, merge request, epic, or comment has no effect.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To create a task list, follow the format of an ordered or unordered list:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- [x] Completed task
- [~] Inapplicable task
- [ ] Incomplete task
  - [x] Sub-task 1
  - [~] Sub-task 2
  - [ ] Sub-task 3

1. [x] Completed task
1. [~] Inapplicable task
1. [ ] Incomplete task
   1. [x] Sub-task 1
   1. [~] Sub-task 2
   1. [ ] Sub-task 3</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="img/completed_tasks_v15_3.png" alt="Task list as rendered by GitLab"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can also add task lists to <a href="#task-lists-in-tables">table cells</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="links">Links</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can create links in multiple ways:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- This line shows an [inline-style link](https://www.google.com)
- This line shows a [link to a repository file in the same directory](permissions.md)
- This line shows a [relative link to a file one directory higher](../_index.md)
- This line shows a [link that also has title text](https://www.google.com &quot;This link takes you to Google!&quot;)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the examples look similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ul><li>This line shows an <a href="https://www.google.com">inline-style link</a></li><li>This line shows a <a href="permissions.md">link to a repository file in the same directory</a></li><li>This line shows a <a href="../_index.md">relative link to a file one directory higher</a></li><li>This line shows a <a href="https://www.google.com" title="This link takes you to Google!">link that also has title text</a></li></ul></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You cannot use relative links to reference project files in a wiki
page, or a wiki page in a project file. This limitation exists because wikis are always
in separate Git repositories in GitLab. For example, <code>[I&#039;m a reference-style link](style)</code>
points to <code>wikis/style</code> only when the link is inside a wiki Markdown file.
For more information, see <a href="project/wiki/markdown.md">Wiki-specific Markdown</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use heading ID anchors to link to a specific section in a page:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- This line links to [a section on a different Markdown page, using a `#` and the heading ID](permissions.md#project-permissions)
- This line links to [a different section on the same page, using a `#` and the heading ID](#heading-ids-and-links)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the examples look similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ul><li>This line links to <a href="permissions.md#project-permissions">a section on a different Markdown page, using a <code>#</code> and the heading ID</a></li><li>This line links to <a href="#heading-ids-and-links">a different section on the same page, using a <code>#</code> and the heading ID</a></li></ul></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Using link references:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
The following codeblock uses extra spaces to avoid the Vale ReferenceLinks test.
Do not remove the two-space nesting.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- This line shows a [reference-style link, see below][Arbitrary case-insensitive reference text]
- You can [use numbers for reference-style link definitions, see below][1]
- Or leave it empty and use the [link text itself][], see below.

Some text to show that the reference links can follow later.

[arbitrary case-insensitive reference text]: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/
[1]: https://slashdot.org
[link text itself]: https://about.gitlab.com/</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
The example below uses in-line links to pass the Vale ReferenceLinks test.
Do not change to reference style links.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example look similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ul><li>This line is a <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/">reference-style link, see below</a></li><li>You can <a href="https://slashdot.org">use numbers for reference-style link definitions, see below</a></li><li>Or leave it empty and use the <a href="https://about.gitlab.com/">link text itself</a>, see below.</li></ul><p>Some text to show that the reference links can follow later.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="url-auto-linking">URL auto-linking</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Almost any URL you put into your text is auto-linked:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- https://www.google.com
- https://www.google.com
- ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/
- smb://foo/bar/baz
- irc://irc.freenode.net/
- http://localhost:3000</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ul><li><a href="https://www.google.com">https://www.google.com</a></li><li><a href="https://www.google.com">https://www.google.com</a></li><li><a href="ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/">ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/</a></li><li><a href="smb://foo/bar/baz/">smb://foo/bar/baz</a></li><li><a href="irc://irc.freenode.net">irc://irc.freenode.net</a></li><li><a href="http://localhost:3000">http://localhost:3000</a></li></ul></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="gitlab-specific-references">GitLab-specific references</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Autocomplete for wiki pages <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/442229">introduced</a> in GitLab 16.11.</li><li>Option to reference labels from groups <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/455120">introduced</a> in GitLab 17.1.</li><li>Option to reference issues, epics, and work items with <code>[work_item:123]</code> syntax:<ul><li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/352861">Introduced</a> in GitLab 18.1 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with a feature flag</a> named <code>extensible_reference_filters</code>. Disabled by default.</li><li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/197052">Generally available</a> in GitLab 18.2. Feature flag <code>extensible_reference_filters</code> removed.</li></ul></li><li>Option to reference epics with <code>[epic:123]</code> syntax <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/352864">introduced</a> in GitLab 18.4.</li><li>Ability to reference personal snippets:<ul><li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/work_items/217306">Introduced</a> in GitLab 19.0 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with a feature flag</a> named <code>personal_snippet_reference_filters</code>. Disabled by default.</li><li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/241935">Generally available</a> in GitLab 19.2. Feature flag <code>personal_snippet_reference_filters</code> removed.</li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown renders GitLab-specific references. For example, you can reference
an issue, a commit, a team member, or even an entire project team. GitLab Flavored Markdown turns
that reference into a link so you can navigate between them. All references to projects should use the
<strong>project slug</strong> rather than the project name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Additionally, GitLab Flavored Markdown recognizes certain cross-project references and also has a shorthand
version to reference other projects from the same namespace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group note">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitLab-specific references are not supported in Markdown snippet files.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown recognizes the following:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:38.2222%"/><col style="width:24.4444%"/><col style="width:21.3333%"/><col style="width:16%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th>References</th><th>Input</th><th>Cross-project reference</th><th>Shortcut inside the same namespace</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Specific user</td><td><code>@user_name</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Specific group</td><td><code>@group_name</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Entire team</td><td><a href="discussions/_index.md#mentioning-all-members"><code>@all</code></a></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Project</td><td><code>namespace/project&gt;</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Issue</td><td><code>#123</code>, <code>GL-123</code>, or <code>[issue:123]</code></td><td><code>namespace/project#123</code> or <code>[issue:namespace/project/123]</code></td><td><code>project#123</code> or <code>[issue:project/123]</code></td></tr><tr><td><a href="work_items/_index.md">Work item</a></td><td><code>[work_item:123]</code></td><td><code>[work_item:namespace/project/123]</code></td><td><code>[work_item:project/123]</code></td></tr><tr><td>Merge request</td><td><code>!123</code></td><td><code>namespace/project!123</code></td><td><code>project!123</code></td></tr><tr><td>Snippet <sup>3</sup></td><td><code>$123</code></td><td><code>namespace/project$123</code></td><td><code>project$123</code></td></tr><tr><td>Personal snippet <sup>3</sup></td><td><code>$123</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="group/epics/_index.md">Epic</a></td><td><code>#123</code>, <code>&amp;123</code>, <code>[work_item:123]</code>, or <code>[epic:123]</code></td><td><code>group1/subgroup#123</code>, <code>group1/subgroup&amp;123</code>, <code>[work_item:group1/subgroup/123]</code>, or <code>[epic:group1/subgroup/123]</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration</a></td><td><code>*iteration:&quot;iteration title&quot;</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration cadence</a> by ID<sup>1</sup></td><td><code>[cadence:123]</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration cadence</a> by title (one word)<sup>1</sup></td><td><code>[cadence:plan]</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration cadence</a> by title (multiple words)<sup>1</sup></td><td><code>[cadence:&quot;plan a&quot;]</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="application_security/vulnerabilities/_index.md">Vulnerability</a></td><td><code>[vulnerability:123]</code></td><td><code>[vulnerability:namespace/project/123]</code></td><td><code>[vulnerability:project/123]</code></td></tr><tr><td>Feature flag</td><td><code>[feature_flag:123]</code></td><td><code>[feature_flag:namespace/project/123]</code></td><td><code>[feature_flag:project/123]</code></td></tr><tr><td>Label by ID <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>~123</code></td><td><code>namespace/project~123</code></td><td><code>project~123</code></td></tr><tr><td>Label by name (one word) <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>~bug</code></td><td><code>namespace/project~bug</code></td><td><code>project~bug</code></td></tr><tr><td>Label by name (multiple words) <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>~&quot;feature request&quot;</code></td><td><code>namespace/project~&quot;feature request&quot;</code></td><td><code>project~&quot;feature request&quot;</code></td></tr><tr><td>Label by name (scoped) <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>~&quot;priority::high&quot;</code></td><td><code>namespace/project~&quot;priority::high&quot;</code></td><td><code>project~&quot;priority::high&quot;</code></td></tr><tr><td>Project milestone by ID <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>%123</code></td><td><code>namespace/project%123</code></td><td><code>project%123</code></td></tr><tr><td>Milestone by name (one word) <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>%v1.23</code></td><td><code>namespace/project%v1.23</code></td><td><code>project%v1.23</code></td></tr><tr><td>Milestone by name (multiple words) <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>%&quot;release candidate&quot;</code></td><td><code>namespace/project%&quot;release candidate&quot;</code></td><td><code>project%&quot;release candidate&quot;</code></td></tr><tr><td>Commit (specific)</td><td><code>9ba12248</code></td><td><code>namespace/project@9ba12248</code></td><td><code>project@9ba12248</code></td></tr><tr><td>Commit range comparison</td><td><code>9ba12248...b19a04f5</code></td><td><code>namespace/project@9ba12248...b19a04f5</code></td><td><code>project@9ba12248...b19a04f5</code></td></tr><tr><td>Repository file reference</td><td><code>[README](doc/README.md)</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Repository file reference (specific line)</td><td><code>[README](doc/README.md#L13)</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="../operations/incident_management/alerts.md">Alert</a></td><td><code>^alert#123</code></td><td><code>namespace/project^alert#123</code></td><td><code>project^alert#123</code></td></tr><tr><td><a href="crm/_index.md#contacts">Contact</a></td><td><code>[contact:test@example.com]</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="project/wiki/_index.md">Wiki page</a> (if the page slug is the same as the title)</td><td><code>[[Home]]</code> or <code>[wiki_page:Home]</code></td><td><code>[wiki_page:namespace/project:Home]</code> or <code>[wiki_page:group1/subgroup:Home]</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="project/wiki/_index.md">Wiki page</a> (if the page slug is different from the title)</td><td><code>[[How to use GitLab\|how-to-use-gitlab]]</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Footnotes</strong>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/384885">Introduced</a> in GitLab 16.9. Iteration cadence references are always rendered following the format <code>[cadence:&lt;ID&gt;]</code>. For example, the text reference <code>[cadence:&quot;plan&quot;]</code> renders as <code>[cadence:1]</code> if the referenced iterations cadence&#039;s ID is <code>1</code>.</li><li>For labels or milestones, prepend a <code>/</code> before <code>namespace/project</code> to specify the exact label or milestone, removing any possible ambiguity.</li><li>Snippet IDs are unique across personal and project snippets, so a given ID always identifies a single snippet.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, referencing an issue by using <code>#123</code> formats the output as a link
to issue number 123 with text <code>#123</code>. Likewise, a link to issue number 123 is
recognized and formatted with text <code>#123</code>. If you don&#039;t want <code>#123</code> to link to an issue,
add a leading backslash <code>\#123</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to this, links to some objects are also recognized and formatted.
For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Comments on issues: <code>&quot;https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234#note_101075757&quot;</code>, rendered as <code>#1234 (comment 101075757)</code></li><li>The issues designs tab: <code>&quot;https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234/designs&quot;</code>, rendered as <code>#1234 (designs)</code>.</li><li>Links to individual designs: <code>&quot;https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234/designs/layout.png&quot;</code>, rendered as <code>#1234[layout.png]</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="show-item-title">Show item title</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Support for work items (tasks, objectives, and key results) <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/390854">introduced</a> in GitLab 16.0.</li><li>Support for epics introduced in GitLab 17.7, with the flag named <code>work_item_epics</code>, enabled by default.</li><li>Generally available for epics in GitLab 18.1. Feature flag <code>work_item_epics</code> removed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To include the title in the rendered link of an issue, task, objective, key result, merge request, or epic:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Add a plus (<code>+</code>) at the end of the reference.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, a reference like <code>#123+</code> is rendered as <code>The issue title (#123)</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>URL references like <code>https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234+</code> are also expanded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="show-item-summary">Show item summary</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Support for work items (tasks, objectives, and key results) <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/390854">introduced</a> in GitLab 16.0.</li><li>Support for epics introduced in GitLab 17.7, with the flag named <code>work_item_epics</code>, enabled by default.</li><li>Generally available for epics in GitLab 18.1. Feature flag <code>work_item_epics</code> removed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To include an extended summary in the rendered link of an epic, issue, task, objective, key result, or merge request:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Add a <code>+s</code> at the end of the reference.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Summary includes information about <strong>assignees</strong>, <strong>milestone</strong> and <strong>health status</strong>, as applicable by work item type, of referenced item.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, a reference like <code>#123+s</code> is rendered as
<code>The issue title (#123) • First Assignee, Second Assignee+ • v15.10 • Needs attention</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>URL references like <code>https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234+s</code> are also expanded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To update the rendered references if the assignee, milestone, or health status changed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Refresh the page.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="comment-preview-on-hover">Comment preview on hover</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/29663">Introduced</a> in GitLab 17.3 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with a feature flag</a> named <code>comment_tooltips</code>. Disabled by default.</li><li>Feature flag removed in GitLab 17.6</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hovering over a link to a comment shows the author and first line of the comment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="embed-observability-dashboards">Embed Observability dashboards</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can embed GitLab Observability UI dashboards descriptions and comments, for example in epics, issues, and MRs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To embed an Observability dashboard URL:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>In GitLab Observability UI, copy the URL in the address bar.</li><li>Paste your link in a comment or description. GitLab Flavored Markdown recognizes the URL and displays the source.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When creating tables:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The first line contains the headers, separated by pipe characters (<code>|</code>).</li><li>The second line separates the headers from the cells.<ul><li>The cells can contain only empty spaces, hyphens, and (optionally) colons for horizontal alignment.</li><li>Each cell must contain at least one hyphen, but adding more hyphens to a cell does not change the cell&#039;s rendering.</li><li>Any content other than hyphens, whitespace, or colons is not allowed</li></ul></li><li>The third, and any following lines, contain the cell values.<ul><li>You <strong>can&#039;t</strong> have cells separated over many lines in the Markdown, they must be kept to single lines, but they can be very long. You can also include HTML <code>&lt;br&gt;</code> tags to force newlines if needed.</li><li>The cell sizes <strong>don&#039;t</strong> have to match each other. They are flexible, but must be separated by pipes (<code>|</code>).</li><li>You <strong>can</strong> have blank cells.</li></ul></li><li>Column widths are calculated dynamically based on the content of the cells.</li><li>To use the pipe character (<code>|</code>) in the text and not as table delimiter, you must <a href="#escape-characters">escape</a> it with a backslash (<code>\|</code>).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| header 1 | header 2 | header 3 |
| ---      | ------   | -------- |
| cell 1   | cell 2   | cell 3   |
| cell 4 | cell 5 is longer | cell 6 is much longer than the others, but that&#039;s ok. It eventually wraps the text when the cell is too large for the display size. |
| cell 7   |          | cell 9   |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><table><thead><tr><th>header 1</th><th>header 2</th><th>header 3</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>cell 1</td><td>cell 2</td><td>cell 3</td></tr><tr><td>cell 4</td><td>cell 5 is longer</td><td>cell 6 is much longer than the others, but that&#039;s ok. It eventually wraps the text when the cell is too large for the display size.</td></tr><tr><td>cell 7</td><td></td><td>cell 9</td></tr></tbody></table></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="alignment">Alignment</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Additionally, you can choose the alignment of text in columns by adding colons (<code>:</code>)
to the sides of the &quot;dash&quot; lines in the second row. This affects every cell in the column:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Left Aligned | Centered | Right Aligned |
| :----------- | :------: | ------------: |
| Cell 1       | Cell 2   | Cell 3        |
| Cell 4       | Cell 5   | Cell 6        |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">Left Aligned</th><th style="text-align:center">Centered</th><th style="text-align:right">Right Aligned</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left">Cell 1</td><td style="text-align:center">Cell 2</td><td style="text-align:right">Cell 3</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Cell 4</td><td style="text-align:center">Cell 5</td><td style="text-align:right">Cell 6</td></tr></tbody></table></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In GitLab, table headers are always left-aligned in Chrome and Firefox, and centered in Safari.
For more information, see <a href="#tables">tables</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="cells-with-multiple-lines">Cells with multiple lines</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use HTML formatting to adjust the rendering of tables. For example, you can
use <code>&lt;br&gt;</code> tags to force a cell to have multiple lines:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Name  | Details |
| ----- | ------- |
| Item1 | This text is on one line |
| Item2 | This item has:&lt;br&gt;- Multiple items&lt;br&gt;- That we want listed separately |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><table><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Details</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Item1</td><td>This text is on one line</td></tr><tr><td>Item2</td><td>This item has:<br>- Multiple items<br>- That we want listed separately</td></tr></tbody></table></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="task-lists-in-tables">Task lists in tables</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Native Markdown syntax for task items in table cells <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/219037">introduced</a> in GitLab 18.9.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can add a task item checkbox in a Markdown table cell.
The checkbox must be the only content in the cell:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">| Complete | Task                    |
| -------- | ----------------------- |
|   [x]    | Refactor the backend    |
|   [ ]    | Refactor the frontend   |
|   [~]    | Inapplicable task       |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="img/task_list_in_table_v18_9.png" alt="Rendered task list in a Markdown table."/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To add multiple task items in a single cell, or task items with additional text,
use an HTML table with Markdown in the cells:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"html"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-html">&lt;table&gt;
&lt;thead&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;header 1&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;header 2&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/thead&gt;
&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;cell 1&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;cell 2&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;cell 3&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;

- [ ] Task one
- [ ] Task two

&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can also <a href="rich_text_editor.md#tables">create a table in the rich text editor</a> and insert a task list then.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="copy-and-paste-from-a-spreadsheet">Copy and paste from a spreadsheet</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you&#039;re working in spreadsheet software (for example, Microsoft Excel, Google
Sheets, or Apple Numbers), GitLab creates a Markdown table when you copy and paste
from a spreadsheet. For example, suppose you have the
following spreadsheet:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="img/markdown_copy_from_spreadsheet_v12_7.png" alt="Copy from spreadsheet"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Select the cells and copy them to your clipboard. Open a GitLab Markdown
entry and paste the spreadsheet:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="img/markdown_paste_table_v12_7.png" alt="Paste to Markdown table"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="json-tables">JSON tables</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Markdown rendering <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/375177">introduced</a> in GitLab 17.9.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To render tables with JSON code blocks, use the following syntax:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Watch the following video walkthrough of this feature:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See the video: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12yWKw1AdKY">Demo: JSON Tables in Markdown</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<figure class="video-container">
  <iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/12yWKw1AdKY" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen> </iframe>
</figure>
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group note">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Administrators can enable rendering of iframes in Markdown and configure the allowed iframe <code>src</code>
hosts for an instance.
You can manage these settings with the <a href="../api/settings.md#available-settings">application settings API</a> using:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>iframe_rendering_enabled</code></li><li><code>iframe_rendering_allowlist</code></li><li><code>iframe_rendering_allowlist_raw</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>items</code> attribute is a list of objects representing the data points.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To specify the table labels, use the <code>fields</code> attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Not all elements of <code>items</code> must have corresponding values in <code>fields</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When <code>fields</code> is not explicitly specified, the labels are picked from the first element of <code>items</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can specify custom labels for <code>fields</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can enable sorting for individual elements of <code>fields</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;, &quot;sortable&quot;: true},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use the <code>filter</code> attribute to render a table with content filtered dynamically by user input.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;filter&quot; : true
}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use the <code>markdown</code> attribute to allow for GitLab Flavored Markdown in the items and caption,
including GitLab references. Fields do not support Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;**22**&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;#1&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;markdown&quot; : true
}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, every JSON table has the caption <code>Generated with JSON data</code>.
You can override this caption by specifying the <code>caption</code> attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;caption&quot; : &quot;Custom caption&quot;
}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If JSON is invalid, an error occurs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```json:table
{
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}
    ],
}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="multimedia">Multimedia</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Embed images, videos, and audio.
You can add multimedia using Markdown syntax to link files, set dimensions, and display them inline.
Formatting options let you customize titles, specify width and height, and control how media appears
in the rendered output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="images">Images</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Opening images in an overlay <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/377398">introduced</a> in GitLab 18.6.</li><li>Transparency checkerboard toggle <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/224872">introduced</a> in GitLab 18.10.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Embed images using inline or reference <a href="#links">links</a> prepended with a <code>!</code>. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
DO NOT change the name of `markdown_logo_v17_11.png`. This file is used for a test in
spec/controllers/help_controller_spec.rb.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">![GitLab logo](img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png &quot;Title Text&quot;)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p><img src="img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png" alt="GitLab logo" title="Title Text"/></p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In image links:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Text in the square brackets (<code>[ ]</code>) becomes the image alt text.</li><li>Text in double quotes after the image link path becomes the title text. To see title text, hover over the image.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For more information, see <a href="#accessible-images-and-videos">accessible images and videos</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When an image is selected, it opens in an overlay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If an image has transparent areas, hover over it and select <strong>Toggle transparency checkerboard</strong>
to show a checkerboard background.
The checkerboard makes transparent areas visible against any theme.
<strong>Toggle transparency checkerboard</strong> appears on PNG, WebP, and GIF images if at least 5% of their pixels have some degree of transparency (are not fully opaque).
Images with fewer than 5% transparent pixels do not show the toggle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="videos">Videos</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Image tags that link to files with a video extension are automatically converted to
a video player. The valid video extensions are <code>.mp4</code>, <code>.m4v</code>, <code>.mov</code>, <code>.webm</code>, and <code>.ogv</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s an example video:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">![Sample Video](img/markdown_video.mp4)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This example only works when <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#videos">rendered in GitLab</a>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p><img src="img/markdown_video.mp4" alt="Sample Video"/></p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="change-image-or-video-dimensions">Change image or video dimensions</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can control the width and height of an image or video by following the image with
an attribute list.
The value must an integer with a unit of either <code>px</code> (default) or <code>%</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">![GitLab logo](img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png &quot;Title Text&quot;){width=100 height=100px}

![GitLab logo](img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png &quot;Title Text&quot;){width=75%}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This example only works when <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#change-image-or-video-dimensions">rendered in GitLab</a>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p><img src="img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png" alt="GitLab logo" title="Title Text"/>{width=100 height=100px}</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can also use the <code>img</code> HTML tag instead of Markdown and set its <code>height</code> and
<code>width</code> parameters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When you paste a higher resolution PNG image into a Markdown text box <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/419913">in GitLab 17.1 and later</a>,
dimensions are always appended. The dimensions are automatically adjusted to
accommodate for retina (and other higher-resolution) displays. For instance,
a 144ppi image is resized to 50% of its dimensions, whereas a 96ppi image is
resized to 75% of its dimensions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When selected, images open in an overlay scaled to either 100% or the largest size that fits in the window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="audio">Audio</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Similar to videos, link tags for files with an audio extension are automatically converted to
an audio player. The valid audio extensions are <code>.mp3</code>, <code>.oga</code>, <code>.ogg</code>, <code>.spx</code>, and <code>.wav</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s an example audio clip:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">![Sample Audio](img/markdown_audio.mp3)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This example only works when <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#audio">rendered in GitLab</a>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p><img src="img/markdown_audio.mp3" alt="Sample Audio"/></p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="blockquotes">Blockquotes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use a blockquote to highlight information, such as a side note. It&#039;s generated
by starting the lines of the blockquote with <code>&gt;</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; Blockquotes help you emulate reply text.
&gt; This line is part of the same quote.

Quote break.

&gt; This very long line is still quoted properly when it wraps. Keep writing to make sure this line is long enough to actually wrap for everyone. You can also *use* **Markdown** in a blockquote.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><blockquote><p>Blockquotes help you emulate reply text.
This line is part of the same quote.</p></blockquote><p>Quote break.</p><blockquote><p>This very long line is still quoted properly when it wraps. Keep writing to make sure this line is long enough to actually wrap for everyone. You can also <em>use</em> <strong>Markdown</strong> in a blockquote.</p></blockquote></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="multiline-blockquote">Multiline blockquote</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Create multi-line blockquotes fenced by <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt;&gt;&gt;
If you paste a message from somewhere else

that spans multiple lines,

you can quote that without having to manually prepend `&gt;` to every line!
&gt;&gt;&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>If you paste a message from somewhere else</p><p>that spans multiple lines,</p><p>you can quote that without having to manually prepend <code>&gt;</code> to every line!</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="code-spans-and-blocks">Code spans and blocks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Highlight anything that should be viewed as code and not standard text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline code is formatted with single backticks <code>`</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Inline `code` has `back-ticks around` it.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Inline <code>code</code> has <code>back-ticks around</code> it.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a similar effect with a larger code example, you can use a code block.
To create a code block:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Fence an entire block of code with triple backticks (<code>```</code>). You can use more than three backticks, as long as both the opening and closing set have the same number.</li><li>Fence an entire block of code with triple tildes (<code>~~~</code>).</li><li>Indent it four or more spaces.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Python code block:

```python
def function():
    #indenting works just fine in the fenced code block
    s = &quot;Python code&quot;
    print(s)
```

Markdown code block using 4 spaces:

    Using 4 spaces
    is like using
    3-backtick fences.

JavaScript code block using tildes:

~~~javascript
const s = &quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;;
alert(s);
~~~</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The three previous examples render as:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Python code block:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-python">def function():
    #indenting works just fine in the fenced code block
    s = &quot;Python code&quot;
    print(s)</code></pre><p>Markdown code block using 4 spaces:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-plaintext">Using 4 spaces
is like using
3-backtick fences.</code></pre><p>JavaScript code block using tildes:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">const s = &quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;;
alert(s);</code></pre></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="syntax-highlighting">Syntax highlighting</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitLab uses the <a href="https://github.com/rouge-ruby/rouge">Rouge Ruby library</a> for more colorful syntax
highlighting in code blocks. For a list of supported languages visit the
<a href="https://github.com/rouge-ruby/rouge/wiki/List-of-supported-languages-and-lexers">Rouge project wiki</a>.
Syntax highlighting is supported only in code blocks, so you can&#039;t highlight inline code.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To fence and apply syntax highlighting to a block of code, append the code language
to the opening code declaration, after the three back-ticks (<code>```</code>) or three tildes (<code>~~~</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Code blocks that use <code>plaintext</code> or have no code language specified have no syntax highlighting:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"plaintext"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-plaintext">```
No language indicated, so **no** syntax highlighting.
s = &quot;No highlighting is shown for this line.&quot;
But let&#039;s throw in a &lt;b&gt;tag&lt;/b&gt;.
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-plaintext">No language indicated, so **no** syntax highlighting.
s = &quot;No highlighting is shown for this line.&quot;
But let&#039;s throw in a &lt;b&gt;tag&lt;/b&gt;.</code></pre></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="diagrams-and-flowcharts">Diagrams and flowcharts</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can generate diagrams from text by using:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="https://mermaidjs.github.io/">Mermaid</a></li><li><a href="https://plantuml.com">PlantUML</a></li><li><a href="https://kroki.io">Kroki</a> to create a wide variety of diagrams.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In wikis, you can also add and edit diagrams created with the <a href="project/wiki/markdown.md#diagramsnet-editor">diagrams.net editor</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="mermaid">Mermaid</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Support for Entity Relationship diagrams and mind maps <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/384386">introduced</a> in GitLab 16.0.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Visit the <a href="https://mermaidjs.github.io/">official page</a> for more details. The
<a href="https://mermaid-js.github.io/mermaid-live-editor/">Mermaid Live Editor</a> helps you
learn Mermaid and debug issues in your Mermaid code. Use it to identify and resolve
issues in your diagrams.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitLab.com supports Mermaid version 10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To generate a diagram or flowchart, write your text inside the <code>mermaid</code> block:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```mermaid
graph TD
    accTitle: Basic Mermaid diagram example
    accDescr: Simple flowchart showing nodes A, B, C, and D with connections between them.

  A--&gt;B;
  A--&gt;C;
  B--&gt;D;
  C--&gt;D;
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group note">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On GitLab Self-Managed, if you configured a <code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code> header with
<code>same-site</code> or <code>same-origin</code>, Mermaid diagrams silently fail to render. To resolve this, use
<code>cross-origin</code> instead. For more information, see
<a href="https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx/#cross-origin-resource-policy-header-and-mermaid-diagrams"><code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code> header and Mermaid diagrams</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"mermaid"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-mermaid">graph TD
    accTitle: Basic Mermaid diagram example
    accDescr: Simple flowchart showing nodes A, B, C, and D with connections between them.

  A--&gt;B;
  A--&gt;C;
  B--&gt;D;
  C--&gt;D;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can also include subgraphs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```mermaid
graph TB
    accTitle: Mermaid diagram with subgraphs
    accDescr: Flowchart showing main graph with two subgraphs containing nodes and decision flows.

  SubGraph1 --&gt; SubGraph1Flow

  subgraph &quot;SubGraph 1 Flow&quot;
    SubGraph1Flow(SubNode 1)
    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice1 --&gt; DoChoice1
    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice2 --&gt; DoChoice2
  end

  subgraph &quot;Main Graph&quot;
    Node1[Node 1] --&gt; Node2[Node 2]
    Node2 --&gt; SubGraph1[Jump to SubGraph1]
    SubGraph1 --&gt; FinalThing[Final Thing]
  end
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"mermaid"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-mermaid">graph TB
    accTitle: Mermaid diagram with subgraphs rendered
    accDescr: Flowchart showing main graph with two subgraphs containing nodes and decision flows as rendered.

  SubGraph1 --&gt; SubGraph1Flow

  subgraph &quot;SubGraph 1 Flow&quot;
    SubGraph1Flow(SubNode 1)
    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice1 --&gt; DoChoice1
    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice2 --&gt; DoChoice2
  end

  subgraph &quot;Main Graph&quot;
    Node1[Node 1] --&gt; Node2[Node 2]
    Node2 --&gt; SubGraph1[Jump to SubGraph1]
    SubGraph1 --&gt; FinalThing[Final Thing]
  end</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="plantuml">PlantUML</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PlantUML integration is enabled on GitLab.com. To make PlantUML available in GitLab Self-Managed
installation of GitLab, a GitLab administrator <a href="../administration/integration/plantuml.md">must enable it</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After you enable PlantUML, diagram delimiters <code>@startuml</code>/<code>@enduml</code> aren&#039;t required, as these
are replaced by the <code>plantuml</code> block. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```plantuml
Bob -&gt; Alice : hello
Alice -&gt; Bob : hi
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can include or embed a PlantUML diagram from separate files in the repository using
the <code>::include</code> directive.
For more information, see <a href="../administration/integration/plantuml.md#include-diagram-files">include diagram files</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="kroki">Kroki</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To make Kroki available in GitLab, a GitLab administrator must enable it.
For more information, see the <a href="../administration/integration/kroki.md">Kroki integration</a> page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="math-equations">Math equations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Math written in LaTeX syntax is rendered with <a href="https://github.com/KaTeX/KaTeX">KaTeX</a>.
<em>KaTeX only supports a <a href="https://katex.org/docs/supported.html">subset</a> of LaTeX.</em>
This syntax also works in AsciiDoc wikis and files using <code>:stem: latexmath</code>. For details, see
the <a href="https://asciidoctor.org/docs/user-manual/#activating-stem-support">Asciidoctor user manual</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To prevent malicious activity, GitLab renders only the first 50 inline math instances.
You can disable this limit <a href="../api/graphql/reference/_index.md#mutationgroupupdate">for a group</a>
or for the entire <a href="../administration/instance_limits.md#math-rendering-limits">GitLab Self-Managed instance</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number of math blocks is also limited based on render time. If the limit is exceeded,
GitLab renders the excess math instances as text. Wiki and repository files do not have
these limits.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Math written between dollar signs with backticks (<code>$`...`$</code>) or single dollar signs (<code>$...$</code>)
is rendered inline with the text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Math written between double dollar signs (<code>$$...$$</code>) or in a <a href="#code-spans-and-blocks">code block</a> with
the language declared as <code>math</code> is rendered on a separate line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">This math is inline: $`a^2+b^2=c^2`$.

This math is on a separate line using a ` ```math ` block:

```math
a^2+b^2=c^2
```

This math is on a separate line using inline `$$`: $$a^2+b^2=c^2$$

This math is on a separate line using a `$$...$$` block:

$$
a^2+b^2=c^2
$$</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks like:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="img/markdown_math_v17_2.png" alt="Example of math in GitLab"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group note">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The rich text editor does not support inserting new math blocks. To insert a new math block, use the
plain text editor. For more information, see <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/366527">issue 366527</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of contents</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A table of contents is an unordered list that links to subheadings in the document.
You can add a table of contents to issues, merge requests, and epics, but you can&#039;t add one
to notes or comments.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Add one of these tags on their own line to the <strong>description</strong> field of any of the supported
content types:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
Tags for the table of contents are presented in a code block to work around a Markdown bug.
Do not change the code block back to single backticks.
For more information, see <https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/359077>.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[[_TOC_]]
or
[TOC]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Markdown files.</li><li>Wiki pages.</li><li>Issues.</li><li>Merge requests.</li><li>Epics.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group note">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A table of contents renders also when you use the TOC code in single square brackets, regardless of
being on its own line or not. This behavior is unintended.
For more information, see <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/359077">issue 359077</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">This is an intro sentence to my wiki page.

[[_TOC_]]

## My first heading

First section content.

## My second heading

Second section content.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="img/markdown_toc_preview_v12_9.png" alt="Preview of an auto-generated table of contents in a Wiki"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="alerts">Alerts</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/24482">Introduced</a> in GitLab 17.10.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alerts can be used to highlight or call attention to something. The alert syntax
uses the Markdown blockquote syntax followed by the type of alert.
You can use alerts in any text box that supports Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use the following types of alerts:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE any examples in this section. The examples must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Note: information that users should take into account, even when skimming:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; [!note]
&gt; The following information is useful.</code></pre></li><li><p>Tip: Optional information to help a user be more successful:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; [!tip]
&gt; Tip of the day.</code></pre></li><li><p>Important: Crucial information necessary for users to succeed:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; [!important]
&gt; This is something important you should know.</code></pre></li><li><p>Caution: Negative potential consequences of an action:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; [!caution]
&gt; You need to be very careful about the following.</code></pre></li><li><p>Warning: Critical potential risks:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; [!warning]
&gt; The following would be dangerous.</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The title text shown for an alert defaults to the name of the alert. For example,
<code>&gt; [!warning]</code> alert has the title <code>Warning</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To override an alert block&#039;s title, enter any text on the same line.
For example, to use the warning color but have <code>Data deletion</code> as the title:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt; [!warning] Data deletion
&gt; The following instructions will make your data unrecoverable.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="#multiline-blockquote">Multiline blockquotes</a> also support the alert syntax. This
allows you to wrap large and more complex text in an alert.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&gt;&gt;&gt; [!note] Things to consider
You should consider the following ramifications:

1. consideration 1
1. consideration 2
&gt;&gt;&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The alerts render as:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="img/markdown_alerts_v18_3.png" alt="How Markdown alerts are rendered in GitLab"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="colors">Colors</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown does not support changing text color.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can write a color code in the formats: <code>HEX</code>, <code>RGB</code>, or <code>HSL</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>HEX</code>: <code>`#RGB[A]`</code> or <code>`#RRGGBB[AA]`</code></li><li><code>RGB</code>: <code>`RGB[A](R, G, B[, A])`</code></li><li><code>HSL</code>: <code>`HSL[A](H, S, L[, A])`</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Named colors are not supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the GitLab application (but not the GitLab documentation) color codes in backticks
display a color chip next to the color code. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">- `#F00`
- `#F00A`
- `#FF0000`
- `#FF0000AA`
- `RGB(0,255,0)`
- `RGB(0%,100%,0%)`
- `RGBA(0,255,0,0.3)`
- `HSL(540,70%,50%)`
- `HSLA(540,70%,50%,0.3)`</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This example only works when <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#colors">rendered in GitLab</a>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>#F00</code></li><li><code>#F00A</code></li><li><code>#FF0000</code></li><li><code>#FF0000AA</code></li><li><code>RGB(0,255,0)</code></li><li><code>RGB(0%,100%,0%)</code></li><li><code>RGBA(0,255,0,0.3)</code></li><li><code>HSL(540,70%,50%)</code></li><li><code>HSLA(540,70%,50%,0.3)</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="escape-color-codes">Escape color codes</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/359069">Introduced</a> in GitLab 18.3.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To display a color code as inline code without generating a color chip, prefix it with a backslash (<code>\</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>\#FF0000</code></li><li><code>\RGB(255,0,0)</code></li><li><code>\HSL(0,100%,50%)</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In all cases, the backslash is removed, and no color chip is rendered in the output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use when you want to include values like issue numbers in inline code
without accidentally triggering a color chip.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="emoji">Emoji</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use emoji anywhere GitLab Flavored Markdown is supported.
For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Sometimes you want to :monkey: around a bit and add some :star2: to your
:speech_balloon:. Well we have a gift for you: emoji!

You can use it to point out a :bug: or warn about :speak_no_evil: patches.
And if someone improves your really :snail: code, send them some :birthday:.
People :heart: you for that.

If you&#039;re new to this, don&#039;t be :fearful:. You can join the emoji :family:.
Just look up one of the supported codes.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Sometimes you want to <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/monkey.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":monkey:" alt=":monkey:">
around a bit and add some <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/star2.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":star2:" alt=":star2:">
to your <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/speech_balloon.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":speech_balloon:" alt=":speech_balloon:">.
Well we have a gift for you: emoji!</p><p>You can use it to point out a <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/bug.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":bug:" alt=":bug:">
or warn about <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/speak_no_evil.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":speak_no_evil:" alt=":speak_no_evil:">
patches. If someone improves your really <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/snail.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":snail:" alt=":snail:">
code, send them some <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/birthday.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":birthday:" alt=":birthday:">.
People <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/heart.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":heart:" alt=":heart:">
you for that.</p><p>If you&#039;re new to this, don&#039;t be <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/fearful.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":fearful:" alt=":fearful:">.
You can join the emoji <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/family.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":family:" alt=":family:">.
Just look up one of the supported codes.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For more information, see the <a href="https://www.webfx.com/tools/emoji-cheat-sheet/">emoji cheat sheet</a>
for a list of all supported emoji codes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="emoji-and-your-operating-system">Emoji and your operating system</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The previous emoji example uses hard-coded images. Rendered emoji
in GitLab might look different depending on the OS and browser used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Most emoji are natively supported on macOS, Windows, iOS, Android, and fall back on image-based
emoji where there is no support.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = NO -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On Linux, you can download <a href="https://github.com/googlefonts/noto-emoji">Noto Color Emoji</a>
to get full native emoji support. Ubuntu 22.04 (like many modern Linux distributions) has
this font installed by default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = YES -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For more information about adding custom emoji, see <a href="emoji_reactions.md#custom-emoji">custom emoji</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="front-matter">Front matter</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Front matter is metadata included at the beginning of a Markdown document, preceding
the content. This data can be used by static site generators like <a href="https://jekyllrb.com/docs/front-matter/">Jekyll</a>,
<a href="https://gohugo.io/content-management/front-matter/">Hugo</a>, and many other applications.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When you view a Markdown file rendered by GitLab, front matter is displayed as-is,
in a box at the top of the document. The HTML content displays after the front matter. To view an example,
you can toggle between the source and rendered version of a
<a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/_index.md">GitLab documentation file</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In GitLab, front matter is used only in Markdown files and wiki pages, not the other
places where Markdown formatting is supported. It must be at the very top of the document
and must be between delimiters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following delimiters are supported:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>YAML (<code>---</code>):</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">---
title: About Front Matter
example:
  language: yaml
---</code></pre></li><li><p>TOML (<code>+++</code>):</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-toml">+++
title = &quot;About Front Matter&quot;
[example]
language = &quot;toml&quot;
+++</code></pre></li><li><p>JSON (<code>;;;</code>):</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-json">;;;
{
  &quot;title&quot;: &quot;About Front Matter&quot;,
  &quot;example&quot;: {
    &quot;language&quot;: &quot;json&quot;
  }
}
;;;</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Other languages are supported by adding a specifier to any of the existing
delimiters. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"php"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-php">---php
$title = &quot;About Front Matter&quot;;
$example = array(
  &#039;language&#039; =&gt; &quot;php&quot;,
);
---</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="includes">Includes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/195798">Introduced</a> in GitLab 17.7.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use includes, or include directives, to add the content of a document inside another document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, a book could be split into multiple chapters, and then each chapter could be included in
the main book document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">::include{file=chapter1.md}

::include{file=chapter2.md}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In GitLab, include directives are used only in Markdown files and wiki pages, not the other
places where Markdown formatting is supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use an include directive in a Markdown file:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">::include{file=example_file.md}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use an include directive in a wiki page:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">::include{file=example_page.md}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Each <code>::include</code> must start at the beginning of a line, and specifies a file or URL for <code>file=</code>.
The content of the specified file (or URL) is included at the position of the <code>::include</code> and
processed with the remaining Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Include directives inside the included file are ignored.
For example, if <code>file1</code> includes <code>file2</code>, and <code>file2</code> includes <code>file3</code>, when <code>file1</code> is processed,
it doesn&#039;t have the contents of <code>file3</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="include-limits">Include limits</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To guarantee good system performance and prevent malicious documents from causing problems, GitLab
enforces a maximum limit on the number of include directives processed in a document.
By default, a document can have up to 32 include directives.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To customize the number of processed include directives, administrators can change the
<code>asciidoc_max_includes</code> application setting with the
<a href="../api/settings.md#available-settings">application settings API</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="use-includes-from-external-urls">Use includes from external URLs</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To use includes from separate wiki pages or external URLs, administrators can enable the
<code>wiki_asciidoc_allow_uri_includes</code>
<a href="../administration/wikis/_index.md#allow-uri-includes-for-asciidoc">application setting</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">&lt;!-- define application setting wiki_asciidoc_allow_uri_includes to true to allow content to be read from URI --&gt;
::include{file=https://example.org/installation.md}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="use-includes-in-code-blocks">Use includes in code blocks</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use the <code>::include</code> directive inside code blocks to add content from files in your repository.
For example, if your repository contains a file <code>javascript_code.js</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"javascript"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">const s = &quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;;
alert(s);</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can include it in your Markdown file:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Our script contains:

```javascript
::include{file=javascript_code.js}
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Our script contains:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">const s = &quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;;
alert(s);</code></pre></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="placeholders">Placeholders</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/14389">Introduced</a> in GitLab 18.2 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with a feature flag</a> named <code>markdown_placeholders</code>. Disabled by default.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>[!flag]
The availability of this feature is controlled by a feature flag.
For more information, see the history.
This feature is available for testing, but not ready for production use.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Placeholders can be used to display certain types of changeable data, such as a project&#039;s title
or latest tag. They are filled in each time the Markdown is rendered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The syntax is <code>%{PLACEHOLDER}</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:44.2623%"/><col style="width:34.4262%"/><col style="width:21.3115%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Placeholder</th><th>Example value</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>%{gitlab_server}</code></td><td><code>gitlab.com</code></td><td>Server of a project</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{gitlab_pages_domain}</code></td><td><code>pages.gitlab.com</code></td><td>Domain hosting GitLab Pages</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{project_path}</code></td><td><code>gitlab-org/gitlab</code></td><td>Path of a project including the parent groups</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{project_name}</code></td><td><code>gitlab</code></td><td>Name of a project</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{project_id}</code></td><td><code>278964</code></td><td>Database ID associated with a project</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{project_namespace}</code></td><td><code>gitlab-org</code></td><td>Project namespace of a project</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{project_title}</code></td><td><code>GitLab</code></td><td>Title of a project</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{group_name}</code></td><td><code>gitlab-org</code></td><td>Group of a project</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{default_branch}</code></td><td><code>main</code></td><td>Default branch name configured for a project&#039;s repository</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{current_ref}</code></td><td><code>feature-branch</code></td><td>Current ref (branch, tag, or commit SHA) being viewed</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{commit_sha}</code></td><td><code>ad10e011ce65492322037633ebc054efde37b143</code></td><td>ID of the most recent commit to the default branch of a project&#039;s repository</td></tr><tr><td><code>%{latest_tag}</code></td><td><code>v17.10.7-ee</code></td><td>Latest tag added to the project&#039;s repository</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="escape-characters">Escape characters</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown reserves the following ASCII characters to format the page:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"plaintext"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-plaintext">! &quot; # $ % &amp; &#039; ( ) * + , - . / : ; &lt; = &gt; ? @ [ \ ] ^ _ ` { | } ~</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To use one of these reserved characters in your text, add the backslash character (<code>\</code>) immediately before the
reserved character. When you place the backslash before a reserved character, the Markdown parser omits the
backslash and treats the reserved character as regular text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Examples:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"plaintext"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-plaintext">\# Not a heading

| Food  | Do you like this food? (circle) |
|-------|---------------------------------|
| Pizza | Yes \| No                       |

\**Not bold, just italic text placed between some asterisks*\*</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p># Not a heading</p><table><colgroup><col style="width:17.5%"/><col style="width:82.5%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Food</th><th>Do you like this food? (circle)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Pizza</td><td>Yes | No</td></tr></tbody></table><p>**Not bold, just italic text placed between some asterisks**</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A backslash doesn&#039;t always escape the character that follows it. The backslash appears as regular text in the following cases:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>When the backslash appears before a non-reserved character, such as <code>A</code>, <code>3</code>, or a space.</li><li>When the backslash appears inside of these Markdown elements:<ul><li>Auto-links</li><li>Inline HTML, such as <code>&lt;kbd&gt;</code></li><li>Code blocks</li><li>Code spans</li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In these instances you might need to use the equivalent HTML entity, such as <code>&amp;#93;</code> for <code>]</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="use-additional-backticks">Use additional backticks</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The previous advice does not apply to code blocks or code spans, where literal contents are always displayed.
Instead, use additional backticks to nest the code.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you need to include three backticks in a code block, use a greater number of backticks
to create the code block:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">To create a code block in Markdown, use three or more matching backticks:

````markdown
```
code
```
````</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>To create a code block in Markdown, use three or more matching backticks:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```
code
```</code></pre></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To include one or more backticks in a code span, use a greater number of matching backticks
to create the code span. If the content begins and ends with a space, those spaces are also
trimmed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">To create a code span in Markdown, use matching backticks: `` `hello, world` ``</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>To create a code span in Markdown, use matching backticks: <code>`hello, world`</code></p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="use-backslash-with-backticks">Use backslash with backticks</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the backslash (<code>\</code>) character is at the end of an inline code sample, the backslash
can escape the last backtick. In this case, add extra spaces around the inline code,
for example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">Use the backslash ` \ ` character to escape inline code that ends in a ` backslash\ `.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Use the backslash <code>\</code> character to escape inline code that ends in a <code>backslash\</code>.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Footnotes add a link to a note rendered at the end of a Markdown file.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To make a footnote, you need both a reference tag and a separate line (anywhere in the file) with
the note content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Regardless of the tag names, the relative order of the reference tags determines the rendered
numbering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Regardless where you put the note, it&#039;s always shown at the bottom of the rendered file.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group note">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The rich text editor does not support inserting new footnotes. To insert a new footnote, use the
plain text editor. For more information, see <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/365265">issue 365265</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Referencing footnotes:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">A footnote reference tag looks like this:[^1]

This reference tag is a mix of letters and numbers. [^footnote-42]</code></pre></li><li><p>Defining footnotes in a different part of the file:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">[^1]: This text is inside a footnote.
[^footnote-42]: This text is another footnote.</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, footnotes look similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>A footnote reference tag looks like this:<sup id="fnref-1"><a href="#fn-1" role="doc-noteref">1</a></sup></p><p>This reference tag is a mix of letters and numbers.<sup id="fnref-2"><a href="#fn-2" role="doc-noteref">2</a></sup></p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="inline-html">Inline HTML</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can also use raw HTML in your Markdown, and it usually works pretty well.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See the documentation for <code>HTML::Pipeline</code>&#039;s <a href="https://github.com/gjtorikian/html-pipeline/blob/v2.12.3/lib/html/pipeline/sanitization_filter.rb#L42">SanitizationFilter</a>
class for the list of allowed HTML tags and attributes. In addition to the default
<code>SanitizationFilter</code> allowlist, GitLab allows <code>span</code>, <code>abbr</code>, <code>details</code> and <code>summary</code> elements.
<code>rel=&quot;license&quot;</code> is allowed on links to support the <a href="https://microformats.org/wiki/rel-license">Rel-License microformat</a> and license attribution.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"html"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-html">&lt;dl&gt;
  &lt;dt&gt;Definition list&lt;/dt&gt;
  &lt;dd&gt;Is something people use sometimes.&lt;/dd&gt;

  &lt;dt&gt;Markdown in HTML&lt;/dt&gt;
  &lt;dd&gt;Does *not* work **very** well. HTML &lt;em&gt;tags&lt;/em&gt; do &lt;b&gt;work&lt;/b&gt;, in most cases.&lt;/dd&gt;
&lt;/dl&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Definition list</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Is something people use sometimes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Markdown in HTML</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Does *not* work **very** well. HTML <em>tags</em> do <strong>work</strong>, in most cases.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It&#039;s still possible to use Markdown inside HTML tags, but only if the lines containing Markdown
are separated into their own lines:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"html"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-html">&lt;dl&gt;
  &lt;dt&gt;Markdown in HTML&lt;/dt&gt;
  &lt;dd&gt;

  Does *not* work **very** well. HTML tags work, in most cases.

  &lt;/dd&gt;
&lt;/dl&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
The example below uses HTML to force correct rendering on docs.gitlab.com,
Markdown is fine in GitLab.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD027 -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Markdown in HTML</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- markdownlint-enable MD027 -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="collapsible-section">Collapsible section</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Content can be collapsed using HTML&#039;s <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/details"><code>&lt;details&gt;</code></a>
and <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/summary"><code>&lt;summary&gt;</code></a>
tags. For example, collapse a long log file so it takes up less screen space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"html"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-html">&lt;details&gt;
&lt;summary&gt;Click to expand&lt;/summary&gt;

These details &lt;em&gt;remain&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;hidden&lt;/strong&gt; until expanded.

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PASTE LOGS HERE&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/details&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><details>
<summary>Click to expand</summary><p>These details <em>remain</em> <strong>hidden</strong> until expanded.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>PASTE LOGS HERE</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"></details></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown inside these tags is also supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Remember to leave a blank line before and after any Markdown sections, as shown in the example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"html"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-html">&lt;details&gt;
&lt;summary&gt;

Click to _expand._

&lt;/summary&gt;

These details _remain_ **hidden** until expanded.

```
PASTE LOGS HERE
```

&lt;/details&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!--
The example below uses HTML to force correct rendering on docs.gitlab.com, Markdown
works correctly in GitLab.
-->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><details>
<summary>Click to <em>expand.</em></summary><p>These details <em>remain</em> <b>hidden</b> until expanded.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>PASTE LOGS HERE</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"></details></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="keyboard-html-tag">Keyboard HTML tag</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>&lt;kbd&gt;</code> element is used to identify text that represents user keyboard input. Text surrounded by <code>&lt;kbd&gt;</code> tags is typically displayed in the browser&#039;s default monospace font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"html"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-html">Press &lt;kbd&gt;Enter&lt;/kbd&gt; to go to the next page.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Press <kbd>Enter</kbd> to go to the next page.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="superscripts-and-subscripts">Superscripts and subscripts</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown doesn&#039;t support the Redcarpet superscript syntax ( <code>x^2</code> ).
For superscripts and subscripts, use the standard HTML syntax:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"html"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-html">The formula for water is H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O
while the equation for the theory of relativity is E = mc&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = NO -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>The formula for water is H<sub>2</sub>O
while the equation for the theory of relativity is E = mc<sup>2</sup>.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = YES -->
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown doesn&#039;t support the Redcarpet superscript syntax ( <code>x^2</code> ).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="html-comments">HTML comments</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use HTML comments in GitLab Flavored Markdown to add notes or explanations that aren&#039;t
visible in the rendered output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use HTML comments to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Add notes for other contributors.</li><li>Temporarily hide content without deleting it.</li><li>Provide context or explanations that shouldn&#039;t appear in the final document.</li><li>Add metadata or processing instructions.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When using HTML comments, you should:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Use them sparingly to avoid cluttering the source.</li><li>Keep them concise and relevant.</li><li>Use them for temporary notes rather than permanent documentation.</li><li>Avoid including sensitive or confidential information. HTML comments are visible to anyone who can view the Markdown source.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HTML comments use the standard HTML syntax <code>&lt;!-- comment text --&gt;</code> and can span single or multiple
lines:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"html"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-html">&lt;!-- This is a single-line comment --&gt;

&lt;!--
This is a multi-line comment
that spans several lines
and won&#039;t be visible in the rendered output
--&gt;

This text is visible.
&lt;!-- This comment between paragraphs is hidden --&gt;
This text is also visible.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When rendered, only the visible text appears:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>This text is visible.</p><p>This text is also visible.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="comments-in-code-blocks">Comments in code blocks</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HTML comments inside code blocks are treated as literal text and are displayed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">```html
&lt;!-- This comment will be visible in the code block --&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Content&lt;/div&gt;
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li id="fn-1"><p>This text is inside a footnote.</p> <a href="#fnref-1" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-2"><p>This text is another footnote.</p> <a href="#fnref-2" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>{{&lt; details &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Tier: Free, Premium, Ultimate</li>
<li>Offering: GitLab.com, GitLab Self-Managed, GitLab Dedicated</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /details &gt;}}</p>
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown (GLFM) is a markup language that formats text in the GitLab user interface. GLFM:</p>
<ul>
<li>Creates rich content with support for code, diagrams, math equations, and multimedia.</li>
<li>Links issues, merge requests, and other GitLab content with cross-references.</li>
<li>Organizes information with task lists, tables, and collapsible sections.</li>
<li>Supports syntax highlighting for over 100 programming languages.</li>
<li>Ensures accessibility with semantic heading structures and image descriptions.</li>
</ul>
<p>When you enter text in the GitLab UI, GitLab assumes the text is in GitLab Flavored Markdown.</p>
<p>You can use GitLab Flavored Markdown in:</p>
<ul>
<li>Comments</li>
<li>Issues</li>
<li>Epics</li>
<li>Merge requests</li>
<li>Milestones</li>
<li>Snippets (the snippet must be named with a <code>.md</code> extension)</li>
<li>Wiki pages</li>
<li>Markdown documents inside repositories</li>
<li>Releases</li>
</ul>
<p>You can also use other rich text files in GitLab. You might have to install a dependency to do so. For more information, see the <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-markup"><code>gitlab-markup</code> gem project</a>.</p>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>This Markdown specification is valid for GitLab only. We do our best to render the Markdown faithfully here, however the <a href="https://docs.gitlab.com">GitLab documentation website</a> and the <a href="https://handbook.gitlab.com">GitLab handbook</a> use a different Markdown renderer.</p>
</div>
<p>To see exact examples of how GitLab renders any of these examples:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Copy the relevant raw Markdown example (not the rendered version of the example).</li>
<li>Paste the Markdown somewhere in GitLab that supports Markdown previews, for example issue or merge request comments or descriptions, or a new Markdown file.</li>
<li>Select <strong>Preview</strong> to view the GitLab-rendered Markdown.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="differences-with-standard-markdown">Differences with standard Markdown</h2>
<!--
Use this topic to list features that are not present in standard Markdown.
Don't repeat this information in each individual topic, unless there's a specific
reason, like in "Newlines".
-->
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown consists of the following:</p>
<ul>
<li>Core Markdown features, based on the <a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/current/">CommonMark specification</a>.</li>
<li>Extensions from <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/">GitHub Flavored Markdown</a>.</li>
<li>Extensions made specifically for GitLab.</li>
</ul>
<p>All standard Markdown formatting should work as expected in GitLab. Some standard functionality is extended with additional features, without affecting the standard usage.</p>
<p>The following features are not found in standard Markdown:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="#alerts">Alerts</a></li>
<li><a href="#colors">Color chips written in <code>HEX</code>, <code>RGB</code> or <code>HSL</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#description-lists">Description lists</a></li>
<li><a href="#diagrams-and-flowcharts">Diagrams and flowcharts</a></li>
<li><a href="#emoji">Emoji</a></li>
<li><a href="#footnotes">Footnotes</a></li>
<li><a href="#front-matter">Front matter</a></li>
<li><a href="#gitlab-specific-references">GitLab-specific references</a> (Not supported in Markdown snippet files.)</li>
<li><a href="#includes">Includes</a></li>
<li><a href="#placeholders">Placeholders</a></li>
<li><a href="#inline-diff">Inline diffs</a></li>
<li><a href="#math-equations">Math equations and symbols written in LaTeX</a></li>
<li><a href="#emphasis">Strikethrough</a></li>
<li><a href="#table-of-contents">Table of Contents</a></li>
<li><a href="#tables">Tables</a></li>
<li><a href="#task-lists">Task lists</a></li>
<li><a href="project/wiki/markdown.md">Wiki-specific Markdown</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The following features are extended from standard Markdown:</p>
<table>
<colgroup><col style="width: 57%" /><col style="width: 42%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th>Standard Markdown</th><th>Extended Markdown in GitLab</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><a href="#blockquotes">Blockquotes</a></td><td><a href="#multiline-blockquote">Multiline blockquotes</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#code-spans-and-blocks">Code blocks</a></td><td><a href="#syntax-highlighting">Colored code and syntax highlighting</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#headings">Headings</a></td><td><a href="#heading-ids-and-links">Linkable heading IDs</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#images">Images</a></td><td><a href="#videos">Embedded videos</a> and <a href="#audio">audio</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#links">Links</a></td><td><a href="#url-auto-linking">Automatically linking URLs</a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="markdown-and-accessibility">Markdown and accessibility</h2>
<p>When you use GitLab Flavored Markdown, you are creating digital content. This content should be as accessible as possible to your audience. The following list is not exhaustive, but it provides guidance for some of the GitLab Flavored Markdown styles to pay particular attention to:</p>
<h3 id="accessible-headings">Accessible headings</h3>
<p>Use heading formatting to create a logical heading structure. The structure of headings on a page should make sense, like a good table of contents. Ensure that there is only one <code>h1</code> element on a page, that heading levels are not skipped, and that they are nested correctly.</p>
<h3 id="accessible-tables">Accessible tables</h3>
<p>To keep tables accessible and scannable, tables should not have any empty cells. If there is no otherwise meaningful value for a cell, consider entering <strong>N/A</strong> for &quot;not applicable&quot; or <strong>None</strong>.</p>
<h3 id="accessible-images-and-videos">Accessible images and videos</h3>
<p>Describe the image or video in the <code>[alt text]</code>. Make the description accurate, succinct, and unique. Don&#039;t use <code>image of</code> or <code>video of</code> in the description. For more information, see <a href="https://webaim.org/techniques/alttext/">WebAim Alternative Text</a>.</p>
<h2 id="work-item-and-merge-request-titles">Work item and merge request titles</h2>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Full GitLab Flavored Markdown support <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/184070">introduced</a> in GitLab 18.0.</li>
<li>Full GitLab Flavored Markdown support <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/224839">removed</a> in GitLab 18.11.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Titles of issues, merge requests, epics, and other work items do not support full GitLab Flavored Markdown. Titles support only:</p>
<ul>
<li>Code spans (<code>`code`</code>), without support for <a href="#use-additional-backticks">using additional backticks</a> or escaping.</li>
<li>Emoji (<code>:emoji:</code> shortcodes and custom emoji).</li>
<li>Auto-linked URLs.</li>
<li><a href="#gitlab-specific-references">GitLab-specific references</a> like <code>#123</code>, <code>@user</code>, and <code>!456</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Standard Markdown syntax like bold, italic, links, headings, lists, and other block-level formatting is not processed in titles. For example, the title <code>**Merge request title**</code> is not displayed in bold and is displayed with the asterisks.</p>
<h2 id="headings">Headings</h2>
<p>Create headings from 1 to 6 by using <code>#</code>.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code># H1
## H2
### H3
#### H4
##### H5
###### H6</code></pre>
<p>Alternatively, for H1 and H2, use an underline style:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Alt-H1
======

Alt-H2
------</code></pre>
<h3 id="heading-ids-and-links">Heading IDs and links</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Heading link generation <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/440733">changed</a> in GitLab 17.0.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>All Markdown-rendered headings automatically get IDs that can be linked to, except in comments.</p>
<p>On hover, a link to those IDs becomes visible to make it easier to copy the link to the heading to use it somewhere else.</p>
<p>The IDs are generated from the content of the heading according to the following rules:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>All text is converted to lowercase.</li>
<li>All non-word text (such as punctuation or HTML) is removed.</li>
<li>All spaces are converted to hyphens.</li>
<li>Two or more hyphens in a row are converted to one.</li>
<li>If a heading with the same ID has already been generated, a unique incrementing number is appended, starting at 1.</li>
</ol>
<p>Example:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the example link IDs.
-->
<pre class="markdown"><code># This heading has spaces in it
## This heading has a :thumbsup: in it
# This heading has Unicode in it: 한글
## This heading has spaces in it
### This heading has spaces in it
## This heading has 3.5 in it (and parentheses)
## This heading has  multiple spaces and --- hyphens</code></pre>
<p>Would generate the following link IDs:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><code>this-heading-has-spaces-in-it</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has-a-thumbsup-in-it</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has-unicode-in-it-한글</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has-spaces-in-it-1</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has-spaces-in-it-2</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has-35-in-it-and-parentheses</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has--multiple-spaces-and-----hyphens</code></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="line-breaks">Line breaks</h2>
<p>A line break is inserted (a new paragraph starts) if the previous text is ended with two newlines. For example, when you press <kbd>Enter</kbd> twice in a row. If you only use one newline (press <kbd>Enter</kbd> once), the next sentence remains part of the same paragraph. Use this approach if you want to keep long lines from wrapping, and keep them editable:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Here&#039;s a line for us to start with.

This longer line is separated from the one above by two newlines, so it is a *separate paragraph*.

This line is also a separate paragraph, but...
These lines are only separated by single newlines,
so they *do not break* and just follow the previous lines
in the *same paragraph*.</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Here&#039;s a line for us to start with.</p>
<p>This longer line is separated from the one above by two newlines, so it is a <em>separate paragraph</em>.</p>
<p>This line is also a separate paragraph, but... These lines are only separated by single newlines, so they <em>do not break</em> and just follow the previous lines in the <em>same paragraph</em>.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="newlines">Newlines</h3>
<p>A paragraph is one or more consecutive lines of text, separated by one or more blank lines (two newlines at the end of the first paragraph), as explained in <a href="#line-breaks">line breaks</a>.</p>
<p>Need more control over line breaks or soft returns? Add a single line break by ending a line with a backslash, or two or more spaces. Two newlines in a row create a new paragraph, with a blank line in between:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>First paragraph.
Another line in the same paragraph.
A third line in the same paragraph, but this time ending with two spaces.&lt;space&gt;&lt;space&gt;
A new line directly under the first paragraph.

Second paragraph.
Another line, this time ending with a backslash.\
A new line due to the previous backslash.</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>First paragraph. Another line in the same paragraph. A third line in the same paragraph, but this time ending with two spaces.<br> A new line directly under the first paragraph.</p>
<p>Second paragraph. Another line, this time ending with a backslash.<br />
A new line due to the previous backslash.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>This syntax adheres to the Markdown specification for handling <a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/current/">paragraphs and line breaks</a>.</p>
<h2 id="emphasis">Emphasis</h2>
<p>You can emphasize text in multiple ways. Use italics, bold, strikethrough, or combine these emphasis styles together.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Emphasis, or italics, with *asterisks* or _underscores_.

Strong emphasis, or bold, with double **asterisks** or __underscores__.

Combined emphasis with **asterisks and _underscores_**.

Strikethrough with double tildes. ~~Scratch this.~~</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Emphasis, or italics, with <em>asterisks</em> or <em>underscores</em>.</p>
<p>Strong emphasis, or bold, with double <strong>asterisks</strong> or <strong>underscores</strong>.</p>
<p>Combined emphasis with <strong>asterisks and <em>underscores</em></strong>.</p>
<p>Strikethrough with double tildes. <del>Scratch this.</del></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="mid-word-emphasis">Mid-word emphasis</h3>
<p>Avoid italicizing a portion of a word, especially when you&#039;re dealing with code and names that often appear with multiple underscores.</p>
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown ignores multiple underlines in words, to allow better rendering of Markdown documents discussing code:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE these examples or the rendered versions.
The mid-word emphasis examples do not work in all languages and must stay in English to render correctly.
-->
<pre class="markdown"><code>perform_complicated_task

do_this_and_do_that_and_another_thing

but_emphasis is_desired _here_</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = NO -->
<blockquote>
<p>perform_complicated_task</p>
<p>do_this_and_do_that_and_another_thing</p>
<p>but_emphasis is_desired <em>here</em></p>
</blockquote>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = YES -->
<p>If you wish to emphasize only a part of a word, it can still be done with asterisks:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>perform*complicated*task

do*this*and*do*that*and*another thing</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>perform<em>complicated</em>task</p>
<p>do<em>this</em>and<em>do</em>that<em>and</em>another thing</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="inline-diff">Inline diff</h3>
<p>With inline diff tags, you can display <code>{+ additions +}</code> or <code>[- deletions -]</code>.</p>
<p>The wrapping tags can be either curly braces or square brackets:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<pre class="markdown"><code>- {+ addition 1 +}
- [+ addition 2 +]
- {- deletion 3 -}
- [- deletion 4 -]</code></pre>
<p><img src="img/inline_diff_01_v13_3.png" alt="Inline diff as rendered by the GitLab interface" /></p>
<hr />
<p>However, you cannot mix the wrapping tags:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>- {+ addition +]
- [+ addition +}
- {- deletion -]
- [- deletion -}</code></pre>
<p>Diff highlighting doesn&#039;t work with <code>`inline code`</code>. If your text includes backticks (<code>`</code>), <a href="#escape-characters">escape</a> each backtick with a backslash <code>\</code>:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<pre class="markdown"><code>- {+ Just regular text +}
- {+ Text with `backticks` inside +}
- {+ Text with escaped \`backticks\` inside +}</code></pre>
<p><img src="img/inline_diff_02_v13_3.png" alt="Inline diff with mixed formatting, as rendered by the GitLab interface" /></p>
<h3 id="horizontal-rule">Horizontal rule</h3>
<p>Create a horizontal rule by using three or more hyphens, asterisks, or underscores:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>---

***

___</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, all horizontal rules look similar to:</p>
<hr />
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<p>You can create ordered and unordered lists.</p>
<p>For an ordered list, add the number you want the list to start with, like <code>1.</code>, followed by a space, at the start of each line. After the first number, it does not matter what number you use. Ordered lists are numbered automatically by vertical order, so repeating <code>1.</code> for all items in the same list is common. If you start with a number other than <code>1.</code>, it uses that as the first number, and counts up from there.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>1. First ordered list item
2. Another item
   - Unordered sub-list.
1. Actual numbers don&#039;t matter, just that it&#039;s a number
   1. Ordered sub-list
   1. Next ordered sub-list item
4. And another item.</code></pre>
<!--
The "2." and "4." in the previous example are changed to "1." in the following example,
to match the style standards on <https://docs.gitlab.com>.
See <https://docs.gitlab.com/development/documentation/styleguide/#lists>.
-->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol type="1">
<li>First ordered list item</li>
<li>Another item
<ul>
<li>Unordered sub-list.</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Actual numbers don&#039;t matter, just that it&#039;s a number
<ol type="1">
<li>Ordered sub-list</li>
<li>Next ordered sub-list item</li>
</ol></li>
<li>And another item.</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>For an unordered list, add a <code>-</code>, <code>*</code> or <code>+</code>, followed by a space, at the start of each line. Don&#039;t mix the characters in the same list.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Unordered lists can:

- use
- minuses

They can also:

* use
* asterisks

They can even:

+ use
+ pluses</code></pre>
<!--
The "*" and "+" in the previous example are changed to "-" in the following example,
to match the style standards on <https://docs.gitlab.com>.
See <https://docs.gitlab.com/development/documentation/styleguide/#lists>.
-->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Unordered lists can:</p>
<ul>
<li>use</li>
<li>minuses</li>
</ul>
<p>They can also:</p>
<ul>
<li>use</li>
<li>asterisks</li>
</ul>
<p>They can even:</p>
<ul>
<li>use</li>
<li>pluses</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<hr />
<p>If a list item contains multiple paragraphs, each subsequent paragraph should be indented to the same level as the start of the list item text.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>1. First ordered list item

   Second paragraph of first item.

1. Another item</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>First ordered list item</p>
<p>Second paragraph of first item.</p></li>
<li><p>Another item</p></li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>If the first item&#039;s paragraph isn&#039;t indented with the proper number of spaces, the paragraph appears outside the list. Use the correct number of spaces to properly indent under the list item. For example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>1. First ordered list item

  (Misaligned paragraph of first item.)

1. Another item</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD027 -->
<blockquote>
<ol type="1">
<li>First ordered list item</li>
</ol>
<p>(Misaligned paragraph of first item.)</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Another item</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<!-- markdownlint-enable MD027 -->
<hr />
<p>Ordered lists that are the first sub-item of an unordered list item must have a preceding blank line if they don&#039;t start with <code>1.</code>.</p>
<p>For example, with a blank line:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>- Unordered list item

  5. First ordered list item</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD029 -->
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>Unordered list item</p>
<ol start="5" type="1">
<li>First ordered list item</li>
</ol></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD029 -->
<p>If the blank line is missing, the second list item renders as part of the first one:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>- Unordered list item
  5. First ordered list item</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>Unordered list item
<ol start="5" type="1">
<li>First ordered list item</li>
</ol></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<hr />
<p>CommonMark ignores blank lines between ordered and unordered list items, and considers them part of a single list. The items are rendered as a <a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/0.30/#loose">loose</a> list. Each list item is enclosed in a paragraph tag and therefore has paragraph spacing and margins. This makes the list look like there is extra spacing between each item.</p>
<p>For example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>- First list item
- Second list item

- A different list</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>First list item</p></li>
<li><p>Second list item</p></li>
<li><p>A different list</p></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>CommonMark ignores the blank line and renders this as one list with paragraph spacing.</p>
<h3 id="description-lists">Description lists</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Description lists <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/26314">introduced</a> in GitLab 17.7.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>A description list is a list of terms with corresponding descriptions. Each term can have multiple descriptions. In HTML this is represented with <code>&lt;dl&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;dt&gt;</code>, and <code>&lt;dd&gt;</code> tags.</p>
<p>To create a description list, place the term on one line, with the description on the next line beginning with a colon.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Fruits
: apple
: orange

Vegetables
: broccoli
: kale
: spinach</code></pre>
<p>You can also have a blank line between the term and description.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Fruits

: apple

: orange</code></pre>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>The rich text editor does not support inserting new description lists. To insert a new description list, use the plain text editor. For more information, see <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/535956">issue 535956</a>.</p>
</div>
<h3 id="task-lists">Task lists</h3>
<p>You can add task lists anywhere Markdown is supported.</p>
<ul>
<li>In issues, merge requests, epics, and comments, you can select the boxes.</li>
<li>In all other places, you cannot select the boxes. You must edit the Markdown manually by adding or removing an <code>x</code> in the brackets.</li>
</ul>
<p>Besides complete and incomplete, tasks can also be <strong>inapplicable</strong>. Selecting an inapplicable checkbox in an issue, merge request, epic, or comment has no effect.</p>
<p>To create a task list, follow the format of an ordered or unordered list:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<pre class="markdown"><code>- [x] Completed task
- [~] Inapplicable task
- [ ] Incomplete task
  - [x] Sub-task 1
  - [~] Sub-task 2
  - [ ] Sub-task 3

1. [x] Completed task
1. [~] Inapplicable task
1. [ ] Incomplete task
   1. [x] Sub-task 1
   1. [~] Sub-task 2
   1. [ ] Sub-task 3</code></pre>
<p><img src="img/completed_tasks_v15_3.png" alt="Task list as rendered by GitLab" /></p>
<p>You can also add task lists to <a href="#task-lists-in-tables">table cells</a>.</p>
<h2 id="links">Links</h2>
<p>You can create links in multiple ways:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>- This line shows an [inline-style link](https://www.google.com)
- This line shows a [link to a repository file in the same directory](permissions.md)
- This line shows a [relative link to a file one directory higher](../_index.md)
- This line shows a [link that also has title text](https://www.google.com &quot;This link takes you to Google!&quot;)</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the examples look similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>This line shows an <a href="https://www.google.com">inline-style link</a></li>
<li>This line shows a <a href="permissions.md">link to a repository file in the same directory</a></li>
<li>This line shows a <a href="../_index.md">relative link to a file one directory higher</a></li>
<li>This line shows a <a href="https://www.google.com" title="This link takes you to Google!">link that also has title text</a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>You cannot use relative links to reference project files in a wiki page, or a wiki page in a project file. This limitation exists because wikis are always in separate Git repositories in GitLab. For example, <code>[I&#039;m a reference-style link](style)</code> points to <code>wikis/style</code> only when the link is inside a wiki Markdown file. For more information, see <a href="project/wiki/markdown.md">Wiki-specific Markdown</a>.</p>
<p>Use heading ID anchors to link to a specific section in a page:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>- This line links to [a section on a different Markdown page, using a `#` and the heading ID](permissions.md#project-permissions)
- This line links to [a different section on the same page, using a `#` and the heading ID](#heading-ids-and-links)</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the examples look similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>This line links to <a href="permissions.md#project-permissions">a section on a different Markdown page, using a <code>#</code> and the heading ID</a></li>
<li>This line links to <a href="#heading-ids-and-links">a different section on the same page, using a <code>#</code> and the heading ID</a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>Using link references:</p>
<!--
The following codeblock uses extra spaces to avoid the Vale ReferenceLinks test.
Do not remove the two-space nesting.
-->
<pre class="markdown"><code>- This line shows a [reference-style link, see below][Arbitrary case-insensitive reference text]
- You can [use numbers for reference-style link definitions, see below][1]
- Or leave it empty and use the [link text itself][], see below.

Some text to show that the reference links can follow later.

[arbitrary case-insensitive reference text]: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/
[1]: https://slashdot.org
[link text itself]: https://about.gitlab.com/</code></pre>
<!--
The example below uses in-line links to pass the Vale ReferenceLinks test.
Do not change to reference style links.
-->
<p>When rendered, the example look similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>This line is a <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/">reference-style link, see below</a></li>
<li>You can <a href="https://slashdot.org">use numbers for reference-style link definitions, see below</a></li>
<li>Or leave it empty and use the <a href="https://about.gitlab.com/">link text itself</a>, see below.</li>
</ul>
<p>Some text to show that the reference links can follow later.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="url-auto-linking">URL auto-linking</h3>
<p>Almost any URL you put into your text is auto-linked:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>- https://www.google.com
- https://www.google.com
- ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/
- smb://foo/bar/baz
- irc://irc.freenode.net/
- http://localhost:3000</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.google.com" class="uri">https://www.google.com</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.google.com" class="uri">https://www.google.com</a></li>
<li><a href="ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/" class="uri">ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/</a></li>
<li><a href="smb://foo/bar/baz/">smb://foo/bar/baz</a></li>
<li><a href="irc://irc.freenode.net">irc://irc.freenode.net</a></li>
<li><a href="http://localhost:3000" class="uri">http://localhost:3000</a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="gitlab-specific-references">GitLab-specific references</h2>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Autocomplete for wiki pages <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/442229">introduced</a> in GitLab 16.11.</li>
<li>Option to reference labels from groups <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/455120">introduced</a> in GitLab 17.1.</li>
<li>Option to reference issues, epics, and work items with <code>[work_item:123]</code> syntax:
<ul>
<li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/352861">Introduced</a> in GitLab 18.1 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with a feature flag</a> named <code>extensible_reference_filters</code>. Disabled by default.</li>
<li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/197052">Generally available</a> in GitLab 18.2. Feature flag <code>extensible_reference_filters</code> removed.</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Option to reference epics with <code>[epic:123]</code> syntax <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/352864">introduced</a> in GitLab 18.4.</li>
<li>Ability to reference personal snippets:
<ul>
<li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/work_items/217306">Introduced</a> in GitLab 19.0 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with a feature flag</a> named <code>personal_snippet_reference_filters</code>. Disabled by default.</li>
<li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/241935">Generally available</a> in GitLab 19.2. Feature flag <code>personal_snippet_reference_filters</code> removed.</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown renders GitLab-specific references. For example, you can reference an issue, a commit, a team member, or even an entire project team. GitLab Flavored Markdown turns that reference into a link so you can navigate between them. All references to projects should use the <strong>project slug</strong> rather than the project name.</p>
<p>Additionally, GitLab Flavored Markdown recognizes certain cross-project references and also has a shorthand version to reference other projects from the same namespace.</p>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>GitLab-specific references are not supported in Markdown snippet files.</p>
</div>
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown recognizes the following:</p>
<table>
<colgroup><col style="width: 38%" /><col style="width: 24%" /><col style="width: 21%" /><col style="width: 16%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th>References</th><th>Input</th><th>Cross-project reference</th><th>Shortcut inside the same namespace</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Specific user</td><td><code>@user_name</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Specific group</td><td><code>@group_name</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Entire team</td><td><a href="discussions/_index.md#mentioning-all-members"><code>@all</code></a></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Project</td><td><code>namespace/project&gt;</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Issue</td><td><code>#123</code>, <code>GL-123</code>, or <code>[issue:123]</code></td><td><code>namespace/project#123</code> or <code>[issue:namespace/project/123]</code></td><td><code>project#123</code> or <code>[issue:project/123]</code></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="work_items/_index.md">Work item</a></td><td><code>[work_item:123]</code></td><td><code>[work_item:namespace/project/123]</code></td><td><code>[work_item:project/123]</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Merge request</td><td><code>!123</code></td><td><code>namespace/project!123</code></td><td><code>project!123</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Snippet <sup>3</sup></td><td><code>$123</code></td><td><code>namespace/project$123</code></td><td><code>project$123</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Personal snippet <sup>3</sup></td><td><code>$123</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="group/epics/_index.md">Epic</a></td><td><code>#123</code>, <code>&amp;123</code>, <code>[work_item:123]</code>, or <code>[epic:123]</code></td><td><code>group1/subgroup#123</code>, <code>group1/subgroup&amp;123</code>, <code>[work_item:group1/subgroup/123]</code>, or <code>[epic:group1/subgroup/123]</code></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration</a></td><td><code>*iteration:&quot;iteration title&quot;</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration cadence</a> by ID<sup>1</sup></td><td><code>[cadence:123]</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration cadence</a> by title (one word)<sup>1</sup></td><td><code>[cadence:plan]</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration cadence</a> by title (multiple words)<sup>1</sup></td><td><code>[cadence:&quot;plan a&quot;]</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="application_security/vulnerabilities/_index.md">Vulnerability</a></td><td><code>[vulnerability:123]</code></td><td><code>[vulnerability:namespace/project/123]</code></td><td><code>[vulnerability:project/123]</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Feature flag</td><td><code>[feature_flag:123]</code></td><td><code>[feature_flag:namespace/project/123]</code></td><td><code>[feature_flag:project/123]</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Label by ID <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>~123</code></td><td><code>namespace/project~123</code></td><td><code>project~123</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Label by name (one word) <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>~bug</code></td><td><code>namespace/project~bug</code></td><td><code>project~bug</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Label by name (multiple words) <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>~&quot;feature request&quot;</code></td><td><code>namespace/project~&quot;feature request&quot;</code></td><td><code>project~&quot;feature request&quot;</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Label by name (scoped) <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>~&quot;priority::high&quot;</code></td><td><code>namespace/project~&quot;priority::high&quot;</code></td><td><code>project~&quot;priority::high&quot;</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Project milestone by ID <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>%123</code></td><td><code>namespace/project%123</code></td><td><code>project%123</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Milestone by name (one word) <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>%v1.23</code></td><td><code>namespace/project%v1.23</code></td><td><code>project%v1.23</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Milestone by name (multiple words) <sup>2</sup></td><td><code>%&quot;release candidate&quot;</code></td><td><code>namespace/project%&quot;release candidate&quot;</code></td><td><code>project%&quot;release candidate&quot;</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Commit (specific)</td><td><code>9ba12248</code></td><td><code>namespace/project@9ba12248</code></td><td><code>project@9ba12248</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Commit range comparison</td><td><code>9ba12248...b19a04f5</code></td><td><code>namespace/project@9ba12248...b19a04f5</code></td><td><code>project@9ba12248...b19a04f5</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Repository file reference</td><td><code>[README](doc/README.md)</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Repository file reference (specific line)</td><td><code>[README](doc/README.md#L13)</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="../operations/incident_management/alerts.md">Alert</a></td><td><code>^alert#123</code></td><td><code>namespace/project^alert#123</code></td><td><code>project^alert#123</code></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="crm/_index.md#contacts">Contact</a></td><td><code>[contact:test@example.com]</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="project/wiki/_index.md">Wiki page</a> (if the page slug is the same as the title)</td><td><code>[[Home]]</code> or <code>[wiki_page:Home]</code></td><td><code>[wiki_page:namespace/project:Home]</code> or <code>[wiki_page:group1/subgroup:Home]</code></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="project/wiki/_index.md">Wiki page</a> (if the page slug is different from the title)</td><td><code>[[How to use GitLab\|how-to-use-gitlab]]</code></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><strong>Footnotes</strong>:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/384885">Introduced</a> in GitLab 16.9. Iteration cadence references are always rendered following the format <code>[cadence:&lt;ID&gt;]</code>. For example, the text reference <code>[cadence:&quot;plan&quot;]</code> renders as <code>[cadence:1]</code> if the referenced iterations cadence&#039;s ID is <code>1</code>.</li>
<li>For labels or milestones, prepend a <code>/</code> before <code>namespace/project</code> to specify the exact label or milestone, removing any possible ambiguity.</li>
<li>Snippet IDs are unique across personal and project snippets, so a given ID always identifies a single snippet.</li>
</ol>
<p>For example, referencing an issue by using <code>#123</code> formats the output as a link to issue number 123 with text <code>#123</code>. Likewise, a link to issue number 123 is recognized and formatted with text <code>#123</code>. If you don&#039;t want <code>#123</code> to link to an issue, add a leading backslash <code>\#123</code>.</p>
<p>In addition to this, links to some objects are also recognized and formatted. For example:</p>
<ul>
<li>Comments on issues: <code>&quot;https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234#note_101075757&quot;</code>, rendered as <code>#1234 (comment 101075757)</code></li>
<li>The issues designs tab: <code>&quot;https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234/designs&quot;</code>, rendered as <code>#1234 (designs)</code>.</li>
<li>Links to individual designs: <code>&quot;https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234/designs/layout.png&quot;</code>, rendered as <code>#1234[layout.png]</code>.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="show-item-title">Show item title</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Support for work items (tasks, objectives, and key results) <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/390854">introduced</a> in GitLab 16.0.</li>
<li>Support for epics introduced in GitLab 17.7, with the flag named <code>work_item_epics</code>, enabled by default.</li>
<li>Generally available for epics in GitLab 18.1. Feature flag <code>work_item_epics</code> removed.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>To include the title in the rendered link of an issue, task, objective, key result, merge request, or epic:</p>
<ul>
<li>Add a plus (<code>+</code>) at the end of the reference.</li>
</ul>
<p>For example, a reference like <code>#123+</code> is rendered as <code>The issue title (#123)</code>.</p>
<p>URL references like <code>https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234+</code> are also expanded.</p>
<h3 id="show-item-summary">Show item summary</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Support for work items (tasks, objectives, and key results) <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/390854">introduced</a> in GitLab 16.0.</li>
<li>Support for epics introduced in GitLab 17.7, with the flag named <code>work_item_epics</code>, enabled by default.</li>
<li>Generally available for epics in GitLab 18.1. Feature flag <code>work_item_epics</code> removed.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>To include an extended summary in the rendered link of an epic, issue, task, objective, key result, or merge request:</p>
<ul>
<li>Add a <code>+s</code> at the end of the reference.</li>
</ul>
<p>Summary includes information about <strong>assignees</strong>, <strong>milestone</strong> and <strong>health status</strong>, as applicable by work item type, of referenced item.</p>
<p>For example, a reference like <code>#123+s</code> is rendered as <code>The issue title (#123) • First Assignee, Second Assignee+ • v15.10 • Needs attention</code>.</p>
<p>URL references like <code>https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234+s</code> are also expanded.</p>
<p>To update the rendered references if the assignee, milestone, or health status changed:</p>
<ul>
<li>Refresh the page.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="comment-preview-on-hover">Comment preview on hover</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/29663">Introduced</a> in GitLab 17.3 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with a feature flag</a> named <code>comment_tooltips</code>. Disabled by default.</li>
<li>Feature flag removed in GitLab 17.6</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Hovering over a link to a comment shows the author and first line of the comment.</p>
<h3 id="embed-observability-dashboards">Embed Observability dashboards</h3>
<p>You can embed GitLab Observability UI dashboards descriptions and comments, for example in epics, issues, and MRs.</p>
<p>To embed an Observability dashboard URL:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>In GitLab Observability UI, copy the URL in the address bar.</li>
<li>Paste your link in a comment or description. GitLab Flavored Markdown recognizes the URL and displays the source.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<p>When creating tables:</p>
<ul>
<li>The first line contains the headers, separated by pipe characters (<code>|</code>).</li>
<li>The second line separates the headers from the cells.
<ul>
<li>The cells can contain only empty spaces, hyphens, and (optionally) colons for horizontal alignment.</li>
<li>Each cell must contain at least one hyphen, but adding more hyphens to a cell does not change the cell&#039;s rendering.</li>
<li>Any content other than hyphens, whitespace, or colons is not allowed</li>
</ul></li>
<li>The third, and any following lines, contain the cell values.
<ul>
<li>You <strong>can&#039;t</strong> have cells separated over many lines in the Markdown, they must be kept to single lines, but they can be very long. You can also include HTML <code>&lt;br&gt;</code> tags to force newlines if needed.</li>
<li>The cell sizes <strong>don&#039;t</strong> have to match each other. They are flexible, but must be separated by pipes (<code>|</code>).</li>
<li>You <strong>can</strong> have blank cells.</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Column widths are calculated dynamically based on the content of the cells.</li>
<li>To use the pipe character (<code>|</code>) in the text and not as table delimiter, you must <a href="#escape-characters">escape</a> it with a backslash (<code>\|</code>).</li>
</ul>
<p>Example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| header 1 | header 2 | header 3 |
| ---      | ------   | -------- |
| cell 1   | cell 2   | cell 3   |
| cell 4 | cell 5 is longer | cell 6 is much longer than the others, but that&#039;s ok. It eventually wraps the text when the cell is too large for the display size. |
| cell 7   |          | cell 9   |</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>header 1</th><th>header 2</th><th>header 3</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>cell 1</td><td>cell 2</td><td>cell 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>cell 4</td><td>cell 5 is longer</td><td>cell 6 is much longer than the others, but that&#039;s ok. It eventually wraps the text when the cell is too large for the display size.</td></tr>
<tr><td>cell 7</td><td></td><td>cell 9</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="alignment">Alignment</h3>
<p>Additionally, you can choose the alignment of text in columns by adding colons (<code>:</code>) to the sides of the &quot;dash&quot; lines in the second row. This affects every cell in the column:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Left Aligned | Centered | Right Aligned |
| :----------- | :------: | ------------: |
| Cell 1       | Cell 2   | Cell 3        |
| Cell 4       | Cell 5   | Cell 6        |</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">Left Aligned</th><th style="text-align:center">Centered</th><th style="text-align:right">Right Aligned</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Cell 1</td><td style="text-align:center">Cell 2</td><td style="text-align:right">Cell 3</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Cell 4</td><td style="text-align:center">Cell 5</td><td style="text-align:right">Cell 6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</blockquote>
<p>In GitLab, table headers are always left-aligned in Chrome and Firefox, and centered in Safari. For more information, see <a href="#tables">tables</a>.</p>
<h3 id="cells-with-multiple-lines">Cells with multiple lines</h3>
<p>You can use HTML formatting to adjust the rendering of tables. For example, you can use <code>&lt;br&gt;</code> tags to force a cell to have multiple lines:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Name  | Details |
| ----- | ------- |
| Item1 | This text is on one line |
| Item2 | This item has:&lt;br&gt;- Multiple items&lt;br&gt;- That we want listed separately |</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Name</th><th>Details</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Item1</td><td>This text is on one line</td></tr>
<tr><td>Item2</td><td>This item has:<br>- Multiple items<br>- That we want listed separately</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="task-lists-in-tables">Task lists in tables</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Native Markdown syntax for task items in table cells <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/219037">introduced</a> in GitLab 18.9.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>You can add a task item checkbox in a Markdown table cell. The checkbox must be the only content in the cell:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>| Complete | Task                    |
| -------- | ----------------------- |
|   [x]    | Refactor the backend    |
|   [ ]    | Refactor the frontend   |
|   [~]    | Inapplicable task       |</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<p><img src="img/task_list_in_table_v18_9.png" alt="Rendered task list in a Markdown table." /></p>
<p>To add multiple task items in a single cell, or task items with additional text, use an HTML table with Markdown in the cells:</p>
<pre class="html"><code>&lt;table&gt;
&lt;thead&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;header 1&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;header 2&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/thead&gt;
&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;cell 1&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;cell 2&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;cell 3&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;

- [ ] Task one
- [ ] Task two

&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</code></pre>
<p>You can also <a href="rich_text_editor.md#tables">create a table in the rich text editor</a> and insert a task list then.</p>
<h3 id="copy-and-paste-from-a-spreadsheet">Copy and paste from a spreadsheet</h3>
<p>If you&#039;re working in spreadsheet software (for example, Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets, or Apple Numbers), GitLab creates a Markdown table when you copy and paste from a spreadsheet. For example, suppose you have the following spreadsheet:</p>
<p><img src="img/markdown_copy_from_spreadsheet_v12_7.png" alt="Copy from spreadsheet" /></p>
<p>Select the cells and copy them to your clipboard. Open a GitLab Markdown entry and paste the spreadsheet:</p>
<p><img src="img/markdown_paste_table_v12_7.png" alt="Paste to Markdown table" /></p>
<h3 id="json-tables">JSON tables</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Markdown rendering <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/375177">introduced</a> in GitLab 17.9.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>To render tables with JSON code blocks, use the following syntax:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{}
```</code></pre>
<p>Watch the following video walkthrough of this feature:</p>
<div>
<p>See the video: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12yWKw1AdKY">Demo: JSON Tables in Markdown</a>.</p>
</div>
<figure class="video-container">
  <iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/12yWKw1AdKY" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen> </iframe>
</figure>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>Administrators can enable rendering of iframes in Markdown and configure the allowed iframe <code>src</code> hosts for an instance. You can manage these settings with the <a href="../api/settings.md#available-settings">application settings API</a> using:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>iframe_rendering_enabled</code></li>
<li><code>iframe_rendering_allowlist</code></li>
<li><code>iframe_rendering_allowlist_raw</code>.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>The <code>items</code> attribute is a list of objects representing the data points.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<p>To specify the table labels, use the <code>fields</code> attribute.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<p>Not all elements of <code>items</code> must have corresponding values in <code>fields</code>.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<p>When <code>fields</code> is not explicitly specified, the labels are picked from the first element of <code>items</code>.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<p>You can specify custom labels for <code>fields</code>.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<p>You can enable sorting for individual elements of <code>fields</code>.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;, &quot;sortable&quot;: true},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ]
}
```</code></pre>
<p>You can use the <code>filter</code> attribute to render a table with content filtered dynamically by user input.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;filter&quot; : true
}
```</code></pre>
<p>You can use the <code>markdown</code> attribute to allow for GitLab Flavored Markdown in the items and caption, including GitLab references. Fields do not support Markdown.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{
    &quot;fields&quot; : [
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},
        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;**22**&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;#1&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;markdown&quot; : true
}
```</code></pre>
<p>By default, every JSON table has the caption <code>Generated with JSON data</code>. You can override this caption by specifying the <code>caption</code> attribute.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}
    ],
    &quot;caption&quot; : &quot;Custom caption&quot;
}
```</code></pre>
<p>If JSON is invalid, an error occurs.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```json:table
{
    &quot;items&quot; : [
      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}
    ],
}
```</code></pre>
<h2 id="multimedia">Multimedia</h2>
<p>Embed images, videos, and audio. You can add multimedia using Markdown syntax to link files, set dimensions, and display them inline. Formatting options let you customize titles, specify width and height, and control how media appears in the rendered output.</p>
<h3 id="images">Images</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Opening images in an overlay <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/377398">introduced</a> in GitLab 18.6.</li>
<li>Transparency checkerboard toggle <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/224872">introduced</a> in GitLab 18.10.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Embed images using inline or reference <a href="#links">links</a> prepended with a <code>!</code>. For example:</p>
<!--
DO NOT change the name of `markdown_logo_v17_11.png`. This file is used for a test in
spec/controllers/help_controller_spec.rb.
-->
<pre class="markdown"><code>![GitLab logo](img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png &quot;Title Text&quot;)</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p><img src="img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png" title="Title Text" alt="GitLab logo" /></p>
</blockquote>
<p>In image links:</p>
<ul>
<li>Text in the square brackets (<code>[ ]</code>) becomes the image alt text.</li>
<li>Text in double quotes after the image link path becomes the title text. To see title text, hover over the image.</li>
</ul>
<p>For more information, see <a href="#accessible-images-and-videos">accessible images and videos</a>.</p>
<p>When an image is selected, it opens in an overlay.</p>
<p>If an image has transparent areas, hover over it and select <strong>Toggle transparency checkerboard</strong> to show a checkerboard background. The checkerboard makes transparent areas visible against any theme. <strong>Toggle transparency checkerboard</strong> appears on PNG, WebP, and GIF images if at least 5% of their pixels have some degree of transparency (are not fully opaque). Images with fewer than 5% transparent pixels do not show the toggle.</p>
<h3 id="videos">Videos</h3>
<p>Image tags that link to files with a video extension are automatically converted to a video player. The valid video extensions are <code>.mp4</code>, <code>.m4v</code>, <code>.mov</code>, <code>.webm</code>, and <code>.ogv</code>:</p>
<p>Here&#039;s an example video:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>![Sample Video](img/markdown_video.mp4)</code></pre>
<p>This example only works when <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#videos">rendered in GitLab</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><video src="img/markdown_video.mp4" controls=""><a href="img/markdown_video.mp4">Sample Video</a></video></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="change-image-or-video-dimensions">Change image or video dimensions</h3>
<p>You can control the width and height of an image or video by following the image with an attribute list. The value must an integer with a unit of either <code>px</code> (default) or <code>%</code>.</p>
<p>For example</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>![GitLab logo](img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png &quot;Title Text&quot;){width=100 height=100px}

![GitLab logo](img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png &quot;Title Text&quot;){width=75%}</code></pre>
<p>This example only works when <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#change-image-or-video-dimensions">rendered in GitLab</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><img src="img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png" title="Title Text" alt="GitLab logo" />{width=100 height=100px}</p>
</blockquote>
<p>You can also use the <code>img</code> HTML tag instead of Markdown and set its <code>height</code> and <code>width</code> parameters.</p>
<p>When you paste a higher resolution PNG image into a Markdown text box <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/419913">in GitLab 17.1 and later</a>, dimensions are always appended. The dimensions are automatically adjusted to accommodate for retina (and other higher-resolution) displays. For instance, a 144ppi image is resized to 50% of its dimensions, whereas a 96ppi image is resized to 75% of its dimensions.</p>
<p>When selected, images open in an overlay scaled to either 100% or the largest size that fits in the window.</p>
<h3 id="audio">Audio</h3>
<p>Similar to videos, link tags for files with an audio extension are automatically converted to an audio player. The valid audio extensions are <code>.mp3</code>, <code>.oga</code>, <code>.ogg</code>, <code>.spx</code>, and <code>.wav</code>:</p>
<p>Here&#039;s an example audio clip:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>![Sample Audio](img/markdown_audio.mp3)</code></pre>
<p>This example only works when <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#audio">rendered in GitLab</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><audio src="img/markdown_audio.mp3" controls=""><a href="img/markdown_audio.mp3">Sample Audio</a></audio></p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="blockquotes">Blockquotes</h2>
<p>Use a blockquote to highlight information, such as a side note. It&#039;s generated by starting the lines of the blockquote with <code>&gt;</code>:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; Blockquotes help you emulate reply text.
&gt; This line is part of the same quote.

Quote break.

&gt; This very long line is still quoted properly when it wraps. Keep writing to make sure this line is long enough to actually wrap for everyone. You can also *use* **Markdown** in a blockquote.</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>Blockquotes help you emulate reply text. This line is part of the same quote.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Quote break.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This very long line is still quoted properly when it wraps. Keep writing to make sure this line is long enough to actually wrap for everyone. You can also <em>use</em> <strong>Markdown</strong> in a blockquote.</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="multiline-blockquote">Multiline blockquote</h3>
<p>Create multi-line blockquotes fenced by <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code>:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;
If you paste a message from somewhere else

that spans multiple lines,

you can quote that without having to manually prepend `&gt;` to every line!
&gt;&gt;&gt;</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>If you paste a message from somewhere else</p>
<p>that spans multiple lines,</p>
<p>you can quote that without having to manually prepend <code>&gt;</code> to every line!</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="code-spans-and-blocks">Code spans and blocks</h2>
<p>Highlight anything that should be viewed as code and not standard text.</p>
<p>Inline code is formatted with single backticks <code>`</code>:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Inline `code` has `back-ticks around` it.</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Inline <code>code</code> has <code>back-ticks around</code> it.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>For a similar effect with a larger code example, you can use a code block. To create a code block:</p>
<ul>
<li>Fence an entire block of code with triple backticks (<code>```</code>). You can use more than three backticks, as long as both the opening and closing set have the same number.</li>
<li>Fence an entire block of code with triple tildes (<code>~~~</code>).</li>
<li>Indent it four or more spaces.</li>
</ul>
<p>For example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Python code block:

```python
def function():
    #indenting works just fine in the fenced code block
    s = &quot;Python code&quot;
    print(s)
```

Markdown code block using 4 spaces:

    Using 4 spaces
    is like using
    3-backtick fences.

JavaScript code block using tildes:

~~~javascript
const s = &quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;;
alert(s);
~~~</code></pre>
<p>The three previous examples render as:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Python code block:</p>
<pre class="python"><code>def function():
    #indenting works just fine in the fenced code block
    s = &quot;Python code&quot;
    print(s)</code></pre>
<p>Markdown code block using 4 spaces:</p>
<pre class="plaintext"><code>Using 4 spaces
is like using
3-backtick fences.</code></pre>
<p>JavaScript code block using tildes:</p>
<pre class="javascript"><code>const s = &quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;;
alert(s);</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="syntax-highlighting">Syntax highlighting</h3>
<p>GitLab uses the <a href="https://github.com/rouge-ruby/rouge">Rouge Ruby library</a> for more colorful syntax highlighting in code blocks. For a list of supported languages visit the <a href="https://github.com/rouge-ruby/rouge/wiki/List-of-supported-languages-and-lexers">Rouge project wiki</a>. Syntax highlighting is supported only in code blocks, so you can&#039;t highlight inline code.</p>
<p>To fence and apply syntax highlighting to a block of code, append the code language to the opening code declaration, after the three back-ticks (<code>```</code>) or three tildes (<code>~~~</code>).</p>
<p>Code blocks that use <code>plaintext</code> or have no code language specified have no syntax highlighting:</p>
<pre class="plaintext"><code>```
No language indicated, so **no** syntax highlighting.
s = &quot;No highlighting is shown for this line.&quot;
But let&#039;s throw in a &lt;b&gt;tag&lt;/b&gt;.
```</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<pre class="plaintext"><code>No language indicated, so **no** syntax highlighting.
s = &quot;No highlighting is shown for this line.&quot;
But let&#039;s throw in a &lt;b&gt;tag&lt;/b&gt;.</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="diagrams-and-flowcharts">Diagrams and flowcharts</h2>
<p>You can generate diagrams from text by using:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://mermaidjs.github.io/">Mermaid</a></li>
<li><a href="https://plantuml.com">PlantUML</a></li>
<li><a href="https://kroki.io">Kroki</a> to create a wide variety of diagrams.</li>
</ul>
<p>In wikis, you can also add and edit diagrams created with the <a href="project/wiki/markdown.md#diagramsnet-editor">diagrams.net editor</a>.</p>
<h3 id="mermaid">Mermaid</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Support for Entity Relationship diagrams and mind maps <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/384386">introduced</a> in GitLab 16.0.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Visit the <a href="https://mermaidjs.github.io/">official page</a> for more details. The <a href="https://mermaid-js.github.io/mermaid-live-editor/">Mermaid Live Editor</a> helps you learn Mermaid and debug issues in your Mermaid code. Use it to identify and resolve issues in your diagrams.</p>
<p>GitLab.com supports Mermaid version 10.</p>
<p>To generate a diagram or flowchart, write your text inside the <code>mermaid</code> block:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```mermaid
graph TD
    accTitle: Basic Mermaid diagram example
    accDescr: Simple flowchart showing nodes A, B, C, and D with connections between them.

  A--&gt;B;
  A--&gt;C;
  B--&gt;D;
  C--&gt;D;
```</code></pre>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>On GitLab Self-Managed, if you configured a <code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code> header with <code>same-site</code> or <code>same-origin</code>, Mermaid diagrams silently fail to render. To resolve this, use <code>cross-origin</code> instead. For more information, see <a href="https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx/#cross-origin-resource-policy-header-and-mermaid-diagrams"><code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code> header and Mermaid diagrams</a>.</p>
</div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<pre class="mermaid"><code>graph TD
    accTitle: Basic Mermaid diagram example
    accDescr: Simple flowchart showing nodes A, B, C, and D with connections between them.

  A--&gt;B;
  A--&gt;C;
  B--&gt;D;
  C--&gt;D;</code></pre>
<p>You can also include subgraphs:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```mermaid
graph TB
    accTitle: Mermaid diagram with subgraphs
    accDescr: Flowchart showing main graph with two subgraphs containing nodes and decision flows.

  SubGraph1 --&gt; SubGraph1Flow

  subgraph &quot;SubGraph 1 Flow&quot;
    SubGraph1Flow(SubNode 1)
    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice1 --&gt; DoChoice1
    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice2 --&gt; DoChoice2
  end

  subgraph &quot;Main Graph&quot;
    Node1[Node 1] --&gt; Node2[Node 2]
    Node2 --&gt; SubGraph1[Jump to SubGraph1]
    SubGraph1 --&gt; FinalThing[Final Thing]
  end
```</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<pre class="mermaid"><code>graph TB
    accTitle: Mermaid diagram with subgraphs rendered
    accDescr: Flowchart showing main graph with two subgraphs containing nodes and decision flows as rendered.

  SubGraph1 --&gt; SubGraph1Flow

  subgraph &quot;SubGraph 1 Flow&quot;
    SubGraph1Flow(SubNode 1)
    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice1 --&gt; DoChoice1
    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice2 --&gt; DoChoice2
  end

  subgraph &quot;Main Graph&quot;
    Node1[Node 1] --&gt; Node2[Node 2]
    Node2 --&gt; SubGraph1[Jump to SubGraph1]
    SubGraph1 --&gt; FinalThing[Final Thing]
  end</code></pre>
<h3 id="plantuml">PlantUML</h3>
<p>PlantUML integration is enabled on GitLab.com. To make PlantUML available in GitLab Self-Managed installation of GitLab, a GitLab administrator <a href="../administration/integration/plantuml.md">must enable it</a>.</p>
<p>After you enable PlantUML, diagram delimiters <code>@startuml</code>/<code>@enduml</code> aren&#039;t required, as these are replaced by the <code>plantuml</code> block. For example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```plantuml
Bob -&gt; Alice : hello
Alice -&gt; Bob : hi
```</code></pre>
<p>You can include or embed a PlantUML diagram from separate files in the repository using the <code>::include</code> directive. For more information, see <a href="../administration/integration/plantuml.md#include-diagram-files">include diagram files</a>.</p>
<h3 id="kroki">Kroki</h3>
<p>To make Kroki available in GitLab, a GitLab administrator must enable it. For more information, see the <a href="../administration/integration/kroki.md">Kroki integration</a> page.</p>
<h2 id="math-equations">Math equations</h2>
<p>Math written in LaTeX syntax is rendered with <a href="https://github.com/KaTeX/KaTeX">KaTeX</a>. <em>KaTeX only supports a <a href="https://katex.org/docs/supported.html">subset</a> of LaTeX.</em> This syntax also works in AsciiDoc wikis and files using <code>:stem: latexmath</code>. For details, see the <a href="https://asciidoctor.org/docs/user-manual/#activating-stem-support">Asciidoctor user manual</a>.</p>
<p>To prevent malicious activity, GitLab renders only the first 50 inline math instances. You can disable this limit <a href="../api/graphql/reference/_index.md#mutationgroupupdate">for a group</a> or for the entire <a href="../administration/instance_limits.md#math-rendering-limits">GitLab Self-Managed instance</a>.</p>
<p>The number of math blocks is also limited based on render time. If the limit is exceeded, GitLab renders the excess math instances as text. Wiki and repository files do not have these limits.</p>
<p>Math written between dollar signs with backticks (<code>$`...`$</code>) or single dollar signs (<code>$...$</code>) is rendered inline with the text.</p>
<p>Math written between double dollar signs (<code>$$...$$</code>) or in a <a href="#code-spans-and-blocks">code block</a> with the language declared as <code>math</code> is rendered on a separate line:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<pre class="markdown"><code>This math is inline: $`a^2+b^2=c^2`$.

This math is on a separate line using a ` ```math ` block:

```math
a^2+b^2=c^2
```

This math is on a separate line using inline `$$`: $$a^2+b^2=c^2$$

This math is on a separate line using a `$$...$$` block:

$$
a^2+b^2=c^2
$$</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks like:</p>
<p><img src="img/markdown_math_v17_2.png" alt="Example of math in GitLab" /></p>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>The rich text editor does not support inserting new math blocks. To insert a new math block, use the plain text editor. For more information, see <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/366527">issue 366527</a>.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of contents</h2>
<p>A table of contents is an unordered list that links to subheadings in the document. You can add a table of contents to issues, merge requests, and epics, but you can&#039;t add one to notes or comments.</p>
<p>Add one of these tags on their own line to the <strong>description</strong> field of any of the supported content types:</p>
<!--
Tags for the table of contents are presented in a code block to work around a Markdown bug.
Do not change the code block back to single backticks.
For more information, see <https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/359077>.
-->
<pre class="markdown"><code>[[_TOC_]]
or
[TOC]</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>Markdown files.</li>
<li>Wiki pages.</li>
<li>Issues.</li>
<li>Merge requests.</li>
<li>Epics.</li>
</ul>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>A table of contents renders also when you use the TOC code in single square brackets, regardless of being on its own line or not. This behavior is unintended. For more information, see <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/359077">issue 359077</a>.</p>
</div>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<pre class="markdown"><code>This is an intro sentence to my wiki page.

[[_TOC_]]

## My first heading

First section content.

## My second heading

Second section content.</code></pre>
<p><img src="img/markdown_toc_preview_v12_9.png" alt="Preview of an auto-generated table of contents in a Wiki" /></p>
<h2 id="alerts">Alerts</h2>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/24482">Introduced</a> in GitLab 17.10.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Alerts can be used to highlight or call attention to something. The alert syntax uses the Markdown blockquote syntax followed by the type of alert. You can use alerts in any text box that supports Markdown.</p>
<p>You can use the following types of alerts:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE any examples in this section. The examples must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->
<ul>
<li><p>Note: information that users should take into account, even when skimming:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; [!note]
&gt; The following information is useful.</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Tip: Optional information to help a user be more successful:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; [!tip]
&gt; Tip of the day.</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Important: Crucial information necessary for users to succeed:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; [!important]
&gt; This is something important you should know.</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Caution: Negative potential consequences of an action:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; [!caution]
&gt; You need to be very careful about the following.</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Warning: Critical potential risks:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; [!warning]
&gt; The following would be dangerous.</code></pre></li>
</ul>
<p>The title text shown for an alert defaults to the name of the alert. For example, <code>&gt; [!warning]</code> alert has the title <code>Warning</code>.</p>
<p>To override an alert block&#039;s title, enter any text on the same line. For example, to use the warning color but have <code>Data deletion</code> as the title:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt; [!warning] Data deletion
&gt; The following instructions will make your data unrecoverable.</code></pre>
<p><a href="#multiline-blockquote">Multiline blockquotes</a> also support the alert syntax. This allows you to wrap large and more complex text in an alert.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; [!note] Things to consider
You should consider the following ramifications:

1. consideration 1
1. consideration 2
&gt;&gt;&gt;</code></pre>
<p>The alerts render as:</p>
<p><img src="img/markdown_alerts_v18_3.png" alt="How Markdown alerts are rendered in GitLab" /></p>
<h2 id="colors">Colors</h2>
<p>Markdown does not support changing text color.</p>
<p>You can write a color code in the formats: <code>HEX</code>, <code>RGB</code>, or <code>HSL</code>.</p>
<ul>
<li><code>HEX</code>: <code>`#RGB[A]`</code> or <code>`#RRGGBB[AA]`</code></li>
<li><code>RGB</code>: <code>`RGB[A](R, G, B[, A])`</code></li>
<li><code>HSL</code>: <code>`HSL[A](H, S, L[, A])`</code></li>
</ul>
<p>Named colors are not supported.</p>
<p>In the GitLab application (but not the GitLab documentation) color codes in backticks display a color chip next to the color code. For example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>- `#F00`
- `#F00A`
- `#FF0000`
- `#FF0000AA`
- `RGB(0,255,0)`
- `RGB(0%,100%,0%)`
- `RGBA(0,255,0,0.3)`
- `HSL(540,70%,50%)`
- `HSLA(540,70%,50%,0.3)`</code></pre>
<p>This example only works when <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#colors">rendered in GitLab</a>:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>#F00</code></li>
<li><code>#F00A</code></li>
<li><code>#FF0000</code></li>
<li><code>#FF0000AA</code></li>
<li><code>RGB(0,255,0)</code></li>
<li><code>RGB(0%,100%,0%)</code></li>
<li><code>RGBA(0,255,0,0.3)</code></li>
<li><code>HSL(540,70%,50%)</code></li>
<li><code>HSLA(540,70%,50%,0.3)</code></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="escape-color-codes">Escape color codes</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/359069">Introduced</a> in GitLab 18.3.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>To display a color code as inline code without generating a color chip, prefix it with a backslash (<code>\</code>).</p>
<p>For example:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>\#FF0000</code></li>
<li><code>\RGB(255,0,0)</code></li>
<li><code>\HSL(0,100%,50%)</code></li>
</ul>
<p>In all cases, the backslash is removed, and no color chip is rendered in the output.</p>
<p>Use when you want to include values like issue numbers in inline code without accidentally triggering a color chip.</p>
<h2 id="emoji">Emoji</h2>
<p>You can use emoji anywhere GitLab Flavored Markdown is supported. For example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Sometimes you want to :monkey: around a bit and add some :star2: to your
:speech_balloon:. Well we have a gift for you: emoji!

You can use it to point out a :bug: or warn about :speak_no_evil: patches.
And if someone improves your really :snail: code, send them some :birthday:.
People :heart: you for that.

If you&#039;re new to this, don&#039;t be :fearful:. You can join the emoji :family:.
Just look up one of the supported codes.</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Sometimes you want to <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/monkey.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":monkey:" alt=":monkey:"> around a bit and add some <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/star2.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":star2:" alt=":star2:"> to your <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/speech_balloon.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":speech_balloon:" alt=":speech_balloon:">. Well we have a gift for you: emoji!</p>
<p>You can use it to point out a <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/bug.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":bug:" alt=":bug:"> or warn about <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/speak_no_evil.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":speak_no_evil:" alt=":speak_no_evil:"> patches. If someone improves your really <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/snail.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":snail:" alt=":snail:"> code, send them some <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/birthday.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":birthday:" alt=":birthday:">. People <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/heart.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":heart:" alt=":heart:"> you for that.</p>
<p>If you&#039;re new to this, don&#039;t be <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/fearful.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":fearful:" alt=":fearful:">. You can join the emoji <img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/family.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":family:" alt=":family:">. Just look up one of the supported codes.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>For more information, see the <a href="https://www.webfx.com/tools/emoji-cheat-sheet/">emoji cheat sheet</a> for a list of all supported emoji codes.</p>
<h3 id="emoji-and-your-operating-system">Emoji and your operating system</h3>
<p>The previous emoji example uses hard-coded images. Rendered emoji in GitLab might look different depending on the OS and browser used.</p>
<p>Most emoji are natively supported on macOS, Windows, iOS, Android, and fall back on image-based emoji where there is no support.</p>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = NO -->
<p>On Linux, you can download <a href="https://github.com/googlefonts/noto-emoji">Noto Color Emoji</a> to get full native emoji support. Ubuntu 22.04 (like many modern Linux distributions) has this font installed by default.</p>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = YES -->
<p>For more information about adding custom emoji, see <a href="emoji_reactions.md#custom-emoji">custom emoji</a>.</p>
<h2 id="front-matter">Front matter</h2>
<p>Front matter is metadata included at the beginning of a Markdown document, preceding the content. This data can be used by static site generators like <a href="https://jekyllrb.com/docs/front-matter/">Jekyll</a>, <a href="https://gohugo.io/content-management/front-matter/">Hugo</a>, and many other applications.</p>
<p>When you view a Markdown file rendered by GitLab, front matter is displayed as-is, in a box at the top of the document. The HTML content displays after the front matter. To view an example, you can toggle between the source and rendered version of a <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/_index.md">GitLab documentation file</a>.</p>
<p>In GitLab, front matter is used only in Markdown files and wiki pages, not the other places where Markdown formatting is supported. It must be at the very top of the document and must be between delimiters.</p>
<p>The following delimiters are supported:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>YAML (<code>---</code>):</p>
<pre class="yaml"><code>---
title: About Front Matter
example:
  language: yaml
---</code></pre></li>
<li><p>TOML (<code>+++</code>):</p>
<pre class="toml"><code>+++
title = &quot;About Front Matter&quot;
[example]
language = &quot;toml&quot;
+++</code></pre></li>
<li><p>JSON (<code>;;;</code>):</p>
<pre class="json"><code>;;;
{
  &quot;title&quot;: &quot;About Front Matter&quot;,
  &quot;example&quot;: {
    &quot;language&quot;: &quot;json&quot;
  }
}
;;;</code></pre></li>
</ul>
<p>Other languages are supported by adding a specifier to any of the existing delimiters. For example:</p>
<pre class="php"><code>---php
$title = &quot;About Front Matter&quot;;
$example = array(
  &#039;language&#039; =&gt; &quot;php&quot;,
);
---</code></pre>
<h2 id="includes">Includes</h2>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/195798">Introduced</a> in GitLab 17.7.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Use includes, or include directives, to add the content of a document inside another document.</p>
<p>For example, a book could be split into multiple chapters, and then each chapter could be included in the main book document:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>::include{file=chapter1.md}

::include{file=chapter2.md}</code></pre>
<p>In GitLab, include directives are used only in Markdown files and wiki pages, not the other places where Markdown formatting is supported.</p>
<p>Use an include directive in a Markdown file:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>::include{file=example_file.md}</code></pre>
<p>Use an include directive in a wiki page:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>::include{file=example_page.md}</code></pre>
<p>Each <code>::include</code> must start at the beginning of a line, and specifies a file or URL for <code>file=</code>. The content of the specified file (or URL) is included at the position of the <code>::include</code> and processed with the remaining Markdown.</p>
<p>Include directives inside the included file are ignored. For example, if <code>file1</code> includes <code>file2</code>, and <code>file2</code> includes <code>file3</code>, when <code>file1</code> is processed, it doesn&#039;t have the contents of <code>file3</code>.</p>
<h3 id="include-limits">Include limits</h3>
<p>To guarantee good system performance and prevent malicious documents from causing problems, GitLab enforces a maximum limit on the number of include directives processed in a document. By default, a document can have up to 32 include directives.</p>
<p>To customize the number of processed include directives, administrators can change the <code>asciidoc_max_includes</code> application setting with the <a href="../api/settings.md#available-settings">application settings API</a>.</p>
<h3 id="use-includes-from-external-urls">Use includes from external URLs</h3>
<p>To use includes from separate wiki pages or external URLs, administrators can enable the <code>wiki_asciidoc_allow_uri_includes</code> <a href="../administration/wikis/_index.md#allow-uri-includes-for-asciidoc">application setting</a>.</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>&lt;!-- define application setting wiki_asciidoc_allow_uri_includes to true to allow content to be read from URI --&gt;
::include{file=https://example.org/installation.md}</code></pre>
<h3 id="use-includes-in-code-blocks">Use includes in code blocks</h3>
<p>You can use the <code>::include</code> directive inside code blocks to add content from files in your repository. For example, if your repository contains a file <code>javascript_code.js</code>:</p>
<pre class="javascript"><code>const s = &quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;;
alert(s);</code></pre>
<p>You can include it in your Markdown file:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Our script contains:

```javascript
::include{file=javascript_code.js}
```</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Our script contains:</p>
<pre class="javascript"><code>const s = &quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;;
alert(s);</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="placeholders">Placeholders</h2>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/14389">Introduced</a> in GitLab 18.2 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with a feature flag</a> named <code>markdown_placeholders</code>. Disabled by default.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<blockquote>
<p>[!flag] The availability of this feature is controlled by a feature flag. For more information, see the history. This feature is available for testing, but not ready for production use.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Placeholders can be used to display certain types of changeable data, such as a project&#039;s title or latest tag. They are filled in each time the Markdown is rendered.</p>
<p>The syntax is <code>%{PLACEHOLDER}</code>.</p>
<table>
<colgroup><col style="width: 44%" /><col style="width: 34%" /><col style="width: 21%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th>Placeholder</th><th>Example value</th><th>Description</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><code>%{gitlab_server}</code></td><td><code>gitlab.com</code></td><td>Server of a project</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{gitlab_pages_domain}</code></td><td><code>pages.gitlab.com</code></td><td>Domain hosting GitLab Pages</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{project_path}</code></td><td><code>gitlab-org/gitlab</code></td><td>Path of a project including the parent groups</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{project_name}</code></td><td><code>gitlab</code></td><td>Name of a project</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{project_id}</code></td><td><code>278964</code></td><td>Database ID associated with a project</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{project_namespace}</code></td><td><code>gitlab-org</code></td><td>Project namespace of a project</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{project_title}</code></td><td><code>GitLab</code></td><td>Title of a project</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{group_name}</code></td><td><code>gitlab-org</code></td><td>Group of a project</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{default_branch}</code></td><td><code>main</code></td><td>Default branch name configured for a project&#039;s repository</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{current_ref}</code></td><td><code>feature-branch</code></td><td>Current ref (branch, tag, or commit SHA) being viewed</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{commit_sha}</code></td><td><code>ad10e011ce65492322037633ebc054efde37b143</code></td><td>ID of the most recent commit to the default branch of a project&#039;s repository</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%{latest_tag}</code></td><td><code>v17.10.7-ee</code></td><td>Latest tag added to the project&#039;s repository</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="escape-characters">Escape characters</h2>
<p>Markdown reserves the following ASCII characters to format the page:</p>
<pre class="plaintext"><code>! &quot; # $ % &amp; &#039; ( ) * + , - . / : ; &lt; = &gt; ? @ [ \ ] ^ _ ` { | } ~</code></pre>
<p>To use one of these reserved characters in your text, add the backslash character (<code>\</code>) immediately before the reserved character. When you place the backslash before a reserved character, the Markdown parser omits the backslash and treats the reserved character as regular text.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<pre class="plaintext"><code>\# Not a heading

| Food  | Do you like this food? (circle) |
|-------|---------------------------------|
| Pizza | Yes \| No                       |

\**Not bold, just italic text placed between some asterisks*\*</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p># Not a heading</p>
<table>
<colgroup><col style="width: 17%" /><col style="width: 82%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th>Food</th><th>Do you like this food? (circle)</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Pizza</td><td>Yes | No</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>**Not bold, just italic text placed between some asterisks**</p>
</blockquote>
<p>A backslash doesn&#039;t always escape the character that follows it. The backslash appears as regular text in the following cases:</p>
<ul>
<li>When the backslash appears before a non-reserved character, such as <code>A</code>, <code>3</code>, or a space.</li>
<li>When the backslash appears inside of these Markdown elements:
<ul>
<li>Auto-links</li>
<li>Inline HTML, such as <code>&lt;kbd&gt;</code></li>
<li>Code blocks</li>
<li>Code spans</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>In these instances you might need to use the equivalent HTML entity, such as <code>&amp;#93;</code> for <code>]</code>.</p>
<h3 id="use-additional-backticks">Use additional backticks</h3>
<p>The previous advice does not apply to code blocks or code spans, where literal contents are always displayed. Instead, use additional backticks to nest the code.</p>
<p>If you need to include three backticks in a code block, use a greater number of backticks to create the code block:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>To create a code block in Markdown, use three or more matching backticks:

````markdown
```
code
```
````</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>To create a code block in Markdown, use three or more matching backticks:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```
code
```</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<p>To include one or more backticks in a code span, use a greater number of matching backticks to create the code span. If the content begins and ends with a space, those spaces are also trimmed:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>To create a code span in Markdown, use matching backticks: `` `hello, world` ``</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>To create a code span in Markdown, use matching backticks: <code>`hello, world`</code></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="use-backslash-with-backticks">Use backslash with backticks</h3>
<p>When the backslash (<code>\</code>) character is at the end of an inline code sample, the backslash can escape the last backtick. In this case, add extra spaces around the inline code, for example:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>Use the backslash ` \ ` character to escape inline code that ends in a ` backslash\ `.</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Use the backslash <code>\</code> character to escape inline code that ends in a <code>backslash\</code>.</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h2>
<p>Footnotes add a link to a note rendered at the end of a Markdown file.</p>
<p>To make a footnote, you need both a reference tag and a separate line (anywhere in the file) with the note content.</p>
<p>Regardless of the tag names, the relative order of the reference tags determines the rendered numbering.</p>
<p>Regardless where you put the note, it&#039;s always shown at the bottom of the rendered file.</p>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>The rich text editor does not support inserting new footnotes. To insert a new footnote, use the plain text editor. For more information, see <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/365265">issue 365265</a>.</p>
</div>
<p>For example:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Referencing footnotes:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>A footnote reference tag looks like this:[^1]

This reference tag is a mix of letters and numbers. [^footnote-42]</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Defining footnotes in a different part of the file:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>[^1]: This text is inside a footnote.
[^footnote-42]: This text is another footnote.</code></pre></li>
</ul>
<p>When rendered, footnotes look similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>A footnote reference tag looks like this:<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a></p>
<p>This reference tag is a mix of letters and numbers.<a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref"><sup>2</sup></a></p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="inline-html">Inline HTML</h2>
<p>You can also use raw HTML in your Markdown, and it usually works pretty well.</p>
<p>See the documentation for <code>HTML::Pipeline</code>&#039;s <a href="https://github.com/gjtorikian/html-pipeline/blob/v2.12.3/lib/html/pipeline/sanitization_filter.rb#L42">SanitizationFilter</a> class for the list of allowed HTML tags and attributes. In addition to the default <code>SanitizationFilter</code> allowlist, GitLab allows <code>span</code>, <code>abbr</code>, <code>details</code> and <code>summary</code> elements. <code>rel=&quot;license&quot;</code> is allowed on links to support the <a href="https://microformats.org/wiki/rel-license">Rel-License microformat</a> and license attribution.</p>
<pre class="html"><code>&lt;dl&gt;
  &lt;dt&gt;Definition list&lt;/dt&gt;
  &lt;dd&gt;Is something people use sometimes.&lt;/dd&gt;

  &lt;dt&gt;Markdown in HTML&lt;/dt&gt;
  &lt;dd&gt;Does *not* work **very** well. HTML &lt;em&gt;tags&lt;/em&gt; do &lt;b&gt;work&lt;/b&gt;, in most cases.&lt;/dd&gt;
&lt;/dl&gt;</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<p>&gt;</p>
<dl>
<dt>Definition list</dt>
<dd>
<p>Is something people use sometimes.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Markdown in HTML</dt>
<dd>
<p>Does *not* work **very** well. HTML <em>tags</em> do <strong>work</strong>, in most cases.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>It&#039;s still possible to use Markdown inside HTML tags, but only if the lines containing Markdown are separated into their own lines:</p>
<pre class="html"><code>&lt;dl&gt;
  &lt;dt&gt;Markdown in HTML&lt;/dt&gt;
  &lt;dd&gt;

  Does *not* work **very** well. HTML tags work, in most cases.

  &lt;/dd&gt;
&lt;/dl&gt;</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!--
The example below uses HTML to force correct rendering on docs.gitlab.com,
Markdown is fine in GitLab.
-->
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD027 -->
<p>&gt;</p>
<dl>
<dt>Markdown in HTML</dt>
</dl>
<!-- markdownlint-enable MD027 -->
<h3 id="collapsible-section">Collapsible section</h3>
<p>Content can be collapsed using HTML&#039;s <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/details"><code>&lt;details&gt;</code></a> and <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/summary"><code>&lt;summary&gt;</code></a> tags. For example, collapse a long log file so it takes up less screen space.</p>
<pre class="html"><code>&lt;details&gt;
&lt;summary&gt;Click to expand&lt;/summary&gt;

These details &lt;em&gt;remain&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;hidden&lt;/strong&gt; until expanded.

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;PASTE LOGS HERE&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/details&gt;</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<details>
<summary>Click to expand</summary>
<p>These details <em>remain</em> <strong>hidden</strong> until expanded.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>&gt;</p>
<pre><code>PASTE LOGS HERE</code></pre>
<blockquote>
</details>
</blockquote>
<hr />
<p>Markdown inside these tags is also supported.</p>
<p>Remember to leave a blank line before and after any Markdown sections, as shown in the example:</p>
<pre class="html"><code>&lt;details&gt;
&lt;summary&gt;

Click to _expand._

&lt;/summary&gt;

These details _remain_ **hidden** until expanded.

```
PASTE LOGS HERE
```

&lt;/details&gt;</code></pre>
<!--
The example below uses HTML to force correct rendering on docs.gitlab.com, Markdown
works correctly in GitLab.
-->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<details>
<summary>Click to <em>expand.</em></summary>
<p>These details <em>remain</em> <b>hidden</b> until expanded.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>&gt;</p>
<pre><code>PASTE LOGS HERE</code></pre>
<blockquote>
</details>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="keyboard-html-tag">Keyboard HTML tag</h3>
<p>The <code>&lt;kbd&gt;</code> element is used to identify text that represents user keyboard input. Text surrounded by <code>&lt;kbd&gt;</code> tags is typically displayed in the browser&#039;s default monospace font.</p>
<pre class="html"><code>Press &lt;kbd&gt;Enter&lt;/kbd&gt; to go to the next page.</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Press <kbd>Enter</kbd> to go to the next page.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="superscripts-and-subscripts">Superscripts and subscripts</h3>
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown doesn&#039;t support the Redcarpet superscript syntax ( <code>x^2</code> ). For superscripts and subscripts, use the standard HTML syntax:</p>
<pre class="html"><code>The formula for water is H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O
while the equation for the theory of relativity is E = mc&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.</code></pre>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = NO -->
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The formula for water is H<sub>2</sub>O while the equation for the theory of relativity is E = mc<sup>2</sup>.</p>
</blockquote>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = YES -->
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown doesn&#039;t support the Redcarpet superscript syntax ( <code>x^2</code> ).</p>
<h3 id="html-comments">HTML comments</h3>
<p>You can use HTML comments in GitLab Flavored Markdown to add notes or explanations that aren&#039;t visible in the rendered output.</p>
<p>Use HTML comments to:</p>
<ul>
<li>Add notes for other contributors.</li>
<li>Temporarily hide content without deleting it.</li>
<li>Provide context or explanations that shouldn&#039;t appear in the final document.</li>
<li>Add metadata or processing instructions.</li>
</ul>
<p>When using HTML comments, you should:</p>
<ul>
<li>Use them sparingly to avoid cluttering the source.</li>
<li>Keep them concise and relevant.</li>
<li>Use them for temporary notes rather than permanent documentation.</li>
<li>Avoid including sensitive or confidential information. HTML comments are visible to anyone who can view the Markdown source.</li>
</ul>
<p>HTML comments use the standard HTML syntax <code>&lt;!-- comment text --&gt;</code> and can span single or multiple lines:</p>
<pre class="html"><code>&lt;!-- This is a single-line comment --&gt;

&lt;!--
This is a multi-line comment
that spans several lines
and won&#039;t be visible in the rendered output
--&gt;

This text is visible.
&lt;!-- This comment between paragraphs is hidden --&gt;
This text is also visible.</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, only the visible text appears:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This text is visible.</p>
<p>This text is also visible.</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="comments-in-code-blocks">Comments in code blocks</h4>
<p>HTML comments inside code blocks are treated as literal text and are displayed:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>```html
&lt;!-- This comment will be visible in the code block --&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Content&lt;/div&gt;
```</code></pre>
<div class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>This text is inside a footnote.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn2"><p>This text is another footnote.<a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>{{&lt; details &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Tier: Free, Premium, Ultimate</li>
<li>Offering: GitLab.com, GitLab Self-Managed, GitLab Dedicated</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /details &gt;}}</p>
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown (GLFM) is a markup language that formats
text in the GitLab user interface. GLFM:</p>
<ul>
<li>Creates rich content with support for code, diagrams, math
equations, and multimedia.</li>
<li>Links issues, merge requests, and other GitLab content with
cross-references.</li>
<li>Organizes information with task lists, tables, and collapsible
sections.</li>
<li>Supports syntax highlighting for over 100 programming
languages.</li>
<li>Ensures accessibility with semantic heading structures and image
descriptions.</li>
</ul>
<p>When you enter text in the GitLab UI, GitLab assumes the text is in
GitLab Flavored Markdown.</p>
<p>You can use GitLab Flavored Markdown in:</p>
<ul>
<li>Comments</li>
<li>Issues</li>
<li>Epics</li>
<li>Merge requests</li>
<li>Milestones</li>
<li>Snippets (the snippet must be named with a <code>.md</code>
extension)</li>
<li>Wiki pages</li>
<li>Markdown documents inside repositories</li>
<li>Releases</li>
</ul>
<p>You can also use other rich text files in GitLab. You might have to
install a dependency to do so. For more information, see the <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-markup"><code>gitlab-markup</code>
gem project</a>.</p>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>This Markdown specification is valid for GitLab only. We do our best
to render the Markdown faithfully here, however the <a
href="https://docs.gitlab.com">GitLab documentation website</a> and the
<a href="https://handbook.gitlab.com">GitLab handbook</a> use a
different Markdown renderer.</p>
</div>
<p>To see exact examples of how GitLab renders any of these
examples:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Copy the relevant raw Markdown example (not the rendered version of
the example).</li>
<li>Paste the Markdown somewhere in GitLab that supports Markdown
previews, for example issue or merge request comments or descriptions,
or a new Markdown file.</li>
<li>Select <strong>Preview</strong> to view the GitLab-rendered
Markdown.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="differences-with-standard-markdown">Differences with standard
Markdown</h2>
<!--
Use this topic to list features that are not present in standard Markdown.
Don't repeat this information in each individual topic, unless there's a specific
reason, like in "Newlines".
-->

<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown consists of the following:</p>
<ul>
<li>Core Markdown features, based on the <a
href="https://spec.commonmark.org/current/">CommonMark
specification</a>.</li>
<li>Extensions from <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/">GitHub
Flavored Markdown</a>.</li>
<li>Extensions made specifically for GitLab.</li>
</ul>
<p>All standard Markdown formatting should work as expected in GitLab.
Some standard functionality is extended with additional features,
without affecting the standard usage.</p>
<p>The following features are not found in standard Markdown:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="#alerts">Alerts</a></li>
<li><a href="#colors">Color chips written in <code>HEX</code>,
<code>RGB</code> or <code>HSL</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#description-lists">Description lists</a></li>
<li><a href="#diagrams-and-flowcharts">Diagrams and flowcharts</a></li>
<li><a href="#emoji">Emoji</a></li>
<li><a href="#footnotes">Footnotes</a></li>
<li><a href="#front-matter">Front matter</a></li>
<li><a href="#gitlab-specific-references">GitLab-specific references</a>
(Not supported in Markdown snippet files.)</li>
<li><a href="#includes">Includes</a></li>
<li><a href="#placeholders">Placeholders</a></li>
<li><a href="#inline-diff">Inline diffs</a></li>
<li><a href="#math-equations">Math equations and symbols written in
LaTeX</a></li>
<li><a href="#emphasis">Strikethrough</a></li>
<li><a href="#table-of-contents">Table of Contents</a></li>
<li><a href="#tables">Tables</a></li>
<li><a href="#task-lists">Task lists</a></li>
<li><a href="project/wiki/markdown.md">Wiki-specific Markdown</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The following features are extended from standard Markdown:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Standard Markdown</th>
<th>Extended Markdown in GitLab</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><a href="#blockquotes">Blockquotes</a></td>
<td><a href="#multiline-blockquote">Multiline blockquotes</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#code-spans-and-blocks">Code blocks</a></td>
<td><a href="#syntax-highlighting">Colored code and syntax
highlighting</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#headings">Headings</a></td>
<td><a href="#heading-ids-and-links">Linkable heading IDs</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#images">Images</a></td>
<td><a href="#videos">Embedded videos</a> and <a
href="#audio">audio</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="#links">Links</a></td>
<td><a href="#url-auto-linking">Automatically linking URLs</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="markdown-and-accessibility">Markdown and accessibility</h2>
<p>When you use GitLab Flavored Markdown, you are creating digital
content. This content should be as accessible as possible to your
audience. The following list is not exhaustive, but it provides guidance
for some of the GitLab Flavored Markdown styles to pay particular
attention to:</p>
<h3 id="accessible-headings">Accessible headings</h3>
<p>Use heading formatting to create a logical heading structure. The
structure of headings on a page should make sense, like a good table of
contents. Ensure that there is only one <code>h1</code> element on a
page, that heading levels are not skipped, and that they are nested
correctly.</p>
<h3 id="accessible-tables">Accessible tables</h3>
<p>To keep tables accessible and scannable, tables should not have any
empty cells. If there is no otherwise meaningful value for a cell,
consider entering <strong>N/A</strong> for "not applicable" or
<strong>None</strong>.</p>
<h3 id="accessible-images-and-videos">Accessible images and videos</h3>
<p>Describe the image or video in the <code>[alt text]</code>. Make the
description accurate, succinct, and unique. Don't use
<code>image of</code> or <code>video of</code> in the description. For
more information, see <a
href="https://webaim.org/techniques/alttext/">WebAim Alternative
Text</a>.</p>
<h2 id="work-item-and-merge-request-titles">Work item and merge request
titles</h2>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Full GitLab Flavored Markdown support <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/184070">introduced</a>
in GitLab 18.0.</li>
<li>Full GitLab Flavored Markdown support <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/224839">removed</a>
in GitLab 18.11.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Titles of issues, merge requests, epics, and other work items do not
support full GitLab Flavored Markdown. Titles support only:</p>
<ul>
<li>Code spans (<code>`code`</code>), without support for <a
href="#use-additional-backticks">using additional backticks</a> or
escaping.</li>
<li>Emoji (<code>:emoji:</code> shortcodes and custom emoji).</li>
<li>Auto-linked URLs.</li>
<li><a href="#gitlab-specific-references">GitLab-specific references</a>
like <code>#123</code>, <code>@user</code>, and <code>!456</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Standard Markdown syntax like bold, italic, links, headings, lists,
and other block-level formatting is not processed in titles. For
example, the title <code>**Merge request title**</code> is not displayed
in bold and is displayed with the asterisks.</p>
<h2 id="headings">Headings</h2>
<p>Create headings from 1 to 6 by using <code>#</code>.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># H1</span></span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## H2</span></span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### H3</span></span>
<span id="cb1-4"><a href="#cb1-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">#### H4</span></span>
<span id="cb1-5"><a href="#cb1-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">##### H5</span></span>
<span id="cb1-6"><a href="#cb1-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">###### H6</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Alternatively, for H1 and H2, use an underline style:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Alt-H1</span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">======</span></span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Alt-H2</span>
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>------</span></code></pre></div>
<h3 id="heading-ids-and-links">Heading IDs and links</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Heading link generation <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/440733">changed</a>
in GitLab 17.0.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>All Markdown-rendered headings automatically get IDs that can be
linked to, except in comments.</p>
<p>On hover, a link to those IDs becomes visible to make it easier to
copy the link to the heading to use it somewhere else.</p>
<p>The IDs are generated from the content of the heading according to
the following rules:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>All text is converted to lowercase.</li>
<li>All non-word text (such as punctuation or HTML) is removed.</li>
<li>All spaces are converted to hyphens.</li>
<li>Two or more hyphens in a row are converted to one.</li>
<li>If a heading with the same ID has already been generated, a unique
incrementing number is appended, starting at 1.</li>
</ol>
<p>Example:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the example link IDs.
-->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># This heading has spaces in it</span></span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## This heading has a :thumbsup: in it</span></span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu"># This heading has Unicode in it: 한글</span></span>
<span id="cb3-4"><a href="#cb3-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## This heading has spaces in it</span></span>
<span id="cb3-5"><a href="#cb3-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### This heading has spaces in it</span></span>
<span id="cb3-6"><a href="#cb3-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## This heading has 3.5 in it (and parentheses)</span></span>
<span id="cb3-7"><a href="#cb3-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## This heading has  multiple spaces and --- hyphens</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Would generate the following link IDs:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><code>this-heading-has-spaces-in-it</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has-a-thumbsup-in-it</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has-unicode-in-it-한글</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has-spaces-in-it-1</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has-spaces-in-it-2</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has-35-in-it-and-parentheses</code></li>
<li><code>this-heading-has--multiple-spaces-and-----hyphens</code></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="line-breaks">Line breaks</h2>
<p>A line break is inserted (a new paragraph starts) if the previous
text is ended with two newlines. For example, when you press
<kbd>Enter</kbd> twice in a row. If you only use one newline (press
<kbd>Enter</kbd> once), the next sentence remains part of the same
paragraph. Use this approach if you want to keep long lines from
wrapping, and keep them editable:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Here&#39;s a line for us to start with.</span>
<span id="cb4-2"><a href="#cb4-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb4-3"><a href="#cb4-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This longer line is separated from the one above by two newlines, so it is a *separate paragraph*.</span>
<span id="cb4-4"><a href="#cb4-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb4-5"><a href="#cb4-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This line is also a separate paragraph, but...</span>
<span id="cb4-6"><a href="#cb4-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>These lines are only separated by single newlines,</span>
<span id="cb4-7"><a href="#cb4-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>so they *do not break* and just follow the previous lines</span>
<span id="cb4-8"><a href="#cb4-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>in the *same paragraph*.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Here's a line for us to start with.</p>
<p>This longer line is separated from the one above by two newlines, so
it is a <em>separate paragraph</em>.</p>
<p>This line is also a separate paragraph, but... These lines are only
separated by single newlines, so they <em>do not break</em> and just
follow the previous lines in the <em>same paragraph</em>.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="newlines">Newlines</h3>
<p>A paragraph is one or more consecutive lines of text, separated by
one or more blank lines (two newlines at the end of the first
paragraph), as explained in <a href="#line-breaks">line breaks</a>.</p>
<p>Need more control over line breaks or soft returns? Add a single line
break by ending a line with a backslash, or two or more spaces. Two
newlines in a row create a new paragraph, with a blank line in
between:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>First paragraph.</span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Another line in the same paragraph.</span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>A third line in the same paragraph, but this time ending with two spaces.<span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">space</span><span class="dt">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="kw">space</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb5-4"><a href="#cb5-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>A new line directly under the first paragraph.</span>
<span id="cb5-5"><a href="#cb5-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb5-6"><a href="#cb5-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Second paragraph.</span>
<span id="cb5-7"><a href="#cb5-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Another line, this time ending with a backslash.\</span>
<span id="cb5-8"><a href="#cb5-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>A new line due to the previous backslash.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>First paragraph. Another line in the same paragraph. A third line in
the same paragraph, but this time ending with two spaces.<br> A new line
directly under the first paragraph.</p>
<p>Second paragraph. Another line, this time ending with a
backslash.<br />
A new line due to the previous backslash.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>This syntax adheres to the Markdown specification for handling <a
href="https://spec.commonmark.org/current/">paragraphs and line
breaks</a>.</p>
<h2 id="emphasis">Emphasis</h2>
<p>You can emphasize text in multiple ways. Use italics, bold,
strikethrough, or combine these emphasis styles together.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Emphasis, or italics, with *asterisks* or _underscores_.</span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Strong emphasis, or bold, with double **asterisks** or __underscores__.</span>
<span id="cb6-4"><a href="#cb6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb6-5"><a href="#cb6-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Combined emphasis with **asterisks and _underscores_**.</span>
<span id="cb6-6"><a href="#cb6-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb6-7"><a href="#cb6-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Strikethrough with double tildes. ~~Scratch this.~~</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Emphasis, or italics, with <em>asterisks</em> or
<em>underscores</em>.</p>
<p>Strong emphasis, or bold, with double <strong>asterisks</strong> or
<strong>underscores</strong>.</p>
<p>Combined emphasis with <strong>asterisks and
<em>underscores</em></strong>.</p>
<p>Strikethrough with double tildes. <del>Scratch this.</del></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="mid-word-emphasis">Mid-word emphasis</h3>
<p>Avoid italicizing a portion of a word, especially when you're dealing
with code and names that often appear with multiple underscores.</p>
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown ignores multiple underlines in words, to
allow better rendering of Markdown documents discussing code:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE these examples or the rendered versions.
The mid-word emphasis examples do not work in all languages and must stay in English to render correctly.
-->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>perform_complicated_task</span>
<span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb7-3"><a href="#cb7-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>do_this_and_do_that_and_another_thing</span>
<span id="cb7-4"><a href="#cb7-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb7-5"><a href="#cb7-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>but_emphasis is_desired _here_</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = NO -->

<blockquote>
<p>perform_complicated_task</p>
<p>do_this_and_do_that_and_another_thing</p>
<p>but_emphasis is_desired <em>here</em></p>
</blockquote>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = YES -->

<p>If you wish to emphasize only a part of a word, it can still be done
with asterisks:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>perform*complicated*task</span>
<span id="cb8-2"><a href="#cb8-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb8-3"><a href="#cb8-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>do*this*and*do*that*and*another thing</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>perform<em>complicated</em>task</p>
<p>do<em>this</em>and<em>do</em>that<em>and</em>another thing</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="inline-diff">Inline diff</h3>
<p>With inline diff tags, you can display <code>{+ additions +}</code>
or <code>[- deletions -]</code>.</p>
<p>The wrapping tags can be either curly braces or square brackets:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>{+ addition 1 +}</span>
<span id="cb9-2"><a href="#cb9-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">+ addition 2 +</span><span class="co">]</span></span>
<span id="cb9-3"><a href="#cb9-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>{- deletion 3 -}</span>
<span id="cb9-4"><a href="#cb9-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">- deletion 4 -</span><span class="co">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p><img src="img/inline_diff_01_v13_3.png"
alt="Inline diff as rendered by the GitLab interface" /></p>
<hr />
<p>However, you cannot mix the wrapping tags:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>{+ addition +]</span>
<span id="cb10-2"><a href="#cb10-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>[+ addition +}</span>
<span id="cb10-3"><a href="#cb10-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>{- deletion -]</span>
<span id="cb10-4"><a href="#cb10-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>[- deletion -}</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Diff highlighting doesn't work with <code>`inline code`</code>. If
your text includes backticks (<code>`</code>), <a
href="#escape-characters">escape</a> each backtick with a backslash
<code>\</code>:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>{+ Just regular text +}</span>
<span id="cb11-2"><a href="#cb11-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>{+ Text with <span class="in">`backticks`</span> inside +}</span>
<span id="cb11-3"><a href="#cb11-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>{+ Text with escaped <span class="sc">\`</span>backticks<span class="sc">\`</span> inside +}</span></code></pre></div>
<p><img src="img/inline_diff_02_v13_3.png"
alt="Inline diff with mixed formatting, as rendered by the GitLab interface" /></p>
<h3 id="horizontal-rule">Horizontal rule</h3>
<p>Create a horizontal rule by using three or more hyphens, asterisks,
or underscores:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">---</span></span>
<span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-3"><a href="#cb12-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">***</span></span>
<span id="cb12-4"><a href="#cb12-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-5"><a href="#cb12-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">___</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, all horizontal rules look similar to:</p>
<hr />
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<p>You can create ordered and unordered lists.</p>
<p>For an ordered list, add the number you want the list to start with,
like <code>1.</code>, followed by a space, at the start of each line.
After the first number, it does not matter what number you use. Ordered
lists are numbered automatically by vertical order, so repeating
<code>1.</code> for all items in the same list is common. If you start
with a number other than <code>1.</code>, it uses that as the first
number, and counts up from there.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb13-1"><a href="#cb13-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>First ordered list item</span>
<span id="cb13-2"><a href="#cb13-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">2. </span>Another item</span>
<span id="cb13-3"><a href="#cb13-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">   - </span>Unordered sub-list.</span>
<span id="cb13-4"><a href="#cb13-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Actual numbers don&#39;t matter, just that it&#39;s a number</span>
<span id="cb13-5"><a href="#cb13-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">   1. </span>Ordered sub-list</span>
<span id="cb13-6"><a href="#cb13-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">   1. </span>Next ordered sub-list item</span>
<span id="cb13-7"><a href="#cb13-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">4. </span>And another item.</span></code></pre></div>
<!--
The "2." and "4." in the previous example are changed to "1." in the following example,
to match the style standards on <https://docs.gitlab.com>.
See <https://docs.gitlab.com/development/documentation/styleguide/#lists>.
-->

<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol type="1">
<li>First ordered list item</li>
<li>Another item
<ul>
<li>Unordered sub-list.</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Actual numbers don't matter, just that it's a number
<ol type="1">
<li>Ordered sub-list</li>
<li>Next ordered sub-list item</li>
</ol></li>
<li>And another item.</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>For an unordered list, add a <code>-</code>, <code>*</code> or
<code>+</code>, followed by a space, at the start of each line. Don't
mix the characters in the same list.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb14-1"><a href="#cb14-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">Unordered lists can:</span></span>
<span id="cb14-2"><a href="#cb14-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-3"><a href="#cb14-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>use</span>
<span id="cb14-4"><a href="#cb14-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>minuses</span>
<span id="cb14-5"><a href="#cb14-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-6"><a href="#cb14-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>They can also:</span>
<span id="cb14-7"><a href="#cb14-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-8"><a href="#cb14-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>use</span>
<span id="cb14-9"><a href="#cb14-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">* </span>asterisks</span>
<span id="cb14-10"><a href="#cb14-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-11"><a href="#cb14-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>They can even:</span>
<span id="cb14-12"><a href="#cb14-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb14-13"><a href="#cb14-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">+ </span>use</span>
<span id="cb14-14"><a href="#cb14-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">+ </span>pluses</span></code></pre></div>
<!--
The "*" and "+" in the previous example are changed to "-" in the following example,
to match the style standards on <https://docs.gitlab.com>.
See <https://docs.gitlab.com/development/documentation/styleguide/#lists>.
-->

<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Unordered lists can:</p>
<ul>
<li>use</li>
<li>minuses</li>
</ul>
<p>They can also:</p>
<ul>
<li>use</li>
<li>asterisks</li>
</ul>
<p>They can even:</p>
<ul>
<li>use</li>
<li>pluses</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<hr />
<p>If a list item contains multiple paragraphs, each subsequent
paragraph should be indented to the same level as the start of the list
item text.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb15-1"><a href="#cb15-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>First ordered list item</span>
<span id="cb15-2"><a href="#cb15-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-3"><a href="#cb15-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>   Second paragraph of first item.</span>
<span id="cb15-4"><a href="#cb15-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-5"><a href="#cb15-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Another item</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>First ordered list item</p>
<p>Second paragraph of first item.</p></li>
<li><p>Another item</p></li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>If the first item's paragraph isn't indented with the proper number
of spaces, the paragraph appears outside the list. Use the correct
number of spaces to properly indent under the list item. For
example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb16-1"><a href="#cb16-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>First ordered list item</span>
<span id="cb16-2"><a href="#cb16-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb16-3"><a href="#cb16-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  (Misaligned paragraph of first item.)</span>
<span id="cb16-4"><a href="#cb16-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb16-5"><a href="#cb16-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>Another item</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD027 -->

<blockquote>
<ol type="1">
<li>First ordered list item</li>
</ol>
<p>(Misaligned paragraph of first item.)</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Another item</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<!-- markdownlint-enable MD027 -->

<hr />
<p>Ordered lists that are the first sub-item of an unordered list item
must have a preceding blank line if they don't start with
<code>1.</code>.</p>
<p>For example, with a blank line:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb17-1"><a href="#cb17-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>Unordered list item</span>
<span id="cb17-2"><a href="#cb17-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb17-3"><a href="#cb17-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  5. </span>First ordered list item</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD029 -->

<blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>Unordered list item</p>
<ol start="5" type="1">
<li>First ordered list item</li>
</ol></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD029 -->

<p>If the blank line is missing, the second list item renders as part of
the first one:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb18"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb18-1"><a href="#cb18-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>Unordered list item</span>
<span id="cb18-2"><a href="#cb18-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  5. </span>First ordered list item</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>Unordered list item 5. First ordered list item</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<hr />
<p>CommonMark ignores blank lines between ordered and unordered list
items, and considers them part of a single list. The items are rendered
as a <a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/0.30/#loose">loose</a> list.
Each list item is enclosed in a paragraph tag and therefore has
paragraph spacing and margins. This makes the list look like there is
extra spacing between each item.</p>
<p>For example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb19-1"><a href="#cb19-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>First list item</span>
<span id="cb19-2"><a href="#cb19-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>Second list item</span>
<span id="cb19-3"><a href="#cb19-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb19-4"><a href="#cb19-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>A different list</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li><p>First list item</p></li>
<li><p>Second list item</p></li>
<li><p>A different list</p></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>CommonMark ignores the blank line and renders this as one list with
paragraph spacing.</p>
<h3 id="description-lists">Description lists</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Description lists <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/26314">introduced</a>
in GitLab 17.7.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>A description list is a list of terms with corresponding
descriptions. Each term can have multiple descriptions. In HTML this is
represented with <code>&lt;dl&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;dt&gt;</code>, and
<code>&lt;dd&gt;</code> tags.</p>
<p>To create a description list, place the term on one line, with the
description on the next line beginning with a colon.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb20-1"><a href="#cb20-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Fruits</span>
<span id="cb20-2"><a href="#cb20-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>: apple</span>
<span id="cb20-3"><a href="#cb20-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>: orange</span>
<span id="cb20-4"><a href="#cb20-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb20-5"><a href="#cb20-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Vegetables</span>
<span id="cb20-6"><a href="#cb20-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>: broccoli</span>
<span id="cb20-7"><a href="#cb20-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>: kale</span>
<span id="cb20-8"><a href="#cb20-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>: spinach</span></code></pre></div>
<p>You can also have a blank line between the term and description.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb21"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb21-1"><a href="#cb21-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Fruits</span>
<span id="cb21-2"><a href="#cb21-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb21-3"><a href="#cb21-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>: apple</span>
<span id="cb21-4"><a href="#cb21-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb21-5"><a href="#cb21-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>: orange</span></code></pre></div>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>The rich text editor does not support inserting new description
lists. To insert a new description list, use the plain text editor. For
more information, see <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/535956">issue
535956</a>.</p>
</div>
<h3 id="task-lists">Task lists</h3>
<p>You can add task lists anywhere Markdown is supported.</p>
<ul>
<li>In issues, merge requests, epics, and comments, you can select the
boxes.</li>
<li>In all other places, you cannot select the boxes. You must edit the
Markdown manually by adding or removing an <code>x</code> in the
brackets.</li>
</ul>
<p>Besides complete and incomplete, tasks can also be
<strong>inapplicable</strong>. Selecting an inapplicable checkbox in an
issue, merge request, epic, or comment has no effect.</p>
<p>To create a task list, follow the format of an ordered or unordered
list:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb22"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb22-1"><a href="#cb22-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="va">[x]</span> Completed task</span>
<span id="cb22-2"><a href="#cb22-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">~</span><span class="co">]</span> Inapplicable task</span>
<span id="cb22-3"><a href="#cb22-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="va">[ ]</span> Incomplete task</span>
<span id="cb22-4"><a href="#cb22-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  - </span><span class="va">[x]</span> Sub-task 1</span>
<span id="cb22-5"><a href="#cb22-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  - </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">~</span><span class="co">]</span> Sub-task 2</span>
<span id="cb22-6"><a href="#cb22-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">  - </span><span class="va">[ ]</span> Sub-task 3</span>
<span id="cb22-7"><a href="#cb22-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb22-8"><a href="#cb22-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">x</span><span class="co">]</span> Completed task</span>
<span id="cb22-9"><a href="#cb22-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">~</span><span class="co">]</span> Inapplicable task</span>
<span id="cb22-10"><a href="#cb22-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span><span class="co">[ ]</span> Incomplete task</span>
<span id="cb22-11"><a href="#cb22-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">   1. </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">x</span><span class="co">]</span> Sub-task 1</span>
<span id="cb22-12"><a href="#cb22-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">   1. </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">~</span><span class="co">]</span> Sub-task 2</span>
<span id="cb22-13"><a href="#cb22-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">   1. </span><span class="co">[ ]</span> Sub-task 3</span></code></pre></div>
<p><img src="img/completed_tasks_v15_3.png"
alt="Task list as rendered by GitLab" /></p>
<p>You can also add task lists to <a href="#task-lists-in-tables">table
cells</a>.</p>
<h2 id="links">Links</h2>
<p>You can create links in multiple ways:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb23-1"><a href="#cb23-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>This line shows an <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">inline-style link</span><span class="co">](https://www.google.com)</span></span>
<span id="cb23-2"><a href="#cb23-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>This line shows a <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">link to a repository file in the same directory</span><span class="co">](permissions.md)</span></span>
<span id="cb23-3"><a href="#cb23-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>This line shows a <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">relative link to a file one directory higher</span><span class="co">](../_index.md)</span></span>
<span id="cb23-4"><a href="#cb23-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>This line shows a <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">link that also has title text</span><span class="co">](https://www.google.com &quot;This link takes you to Google!&quot;)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the examples look similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>This line shows an <a href="https://www.google.com">inline-style
link</a></li>
<li>This line shows a <a href="permissions.md">link to a repository file
in the same directory</a></li>
<li>This line shows a <a href="../_index.md">relative link to a file one
directory higher</a></li>
<li>This line shows a <a href="https://www.google.com"
title="This link takes you to Google!">link that also has title
text</a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>You cannot use relative links to reference project files in a wiki
page, or a wiki page in a project file. This limitation exists because
wikis are always in separate Git repositories in GitLab. For example,
<code>[I'm a reference-style link](style)</code> points to
<code>wikis/style</code> only when the link is inside a wiki Markdown
file. For more information, see <a
href="project/wiki/markdown.md">Wiki-specific Markdown</a>.</p>
<p>Use heading ID anchors to link to a specific section in a page:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb24"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb24-1"><a href="#cb24-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>This line links to <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">a section on a different Markdown page, using a `#` and the heading ID</span><span class="co">](permissions.md#project-permissions)</span></span>
<span id="cb24-2"><a href="#cb24-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>This line links to <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">a different section on the same page, using a `#` and the heading ID</span><span class="co">](#heading-ids-and-links)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the examples look similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>This line links to <a href="permissions.md#project-permissions">a
section on a different Markdown page, using a <code>#</code> and the
heading ID</a></li>
<li>This line links to <a href="#heading-ids-and-links">a different
section on the same page, using a <code>#</code> and the heading
ID</a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>Using link references:</p>
<!--
The following codeblock uses extra spaces to avoid the Vale ReferenceLinks test.
Do not remove the two-space nesting.
-->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb25"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb25-1"><a href="#cb25-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>This line shows a <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">reference-style link, see below</span><span class="co">][Arbitrary case-insensitive reference text]</span></span>
<span id="cb25-2"><a href="#cb25-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>You can <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">use numbers for reference-style link definitions, see below</span><span class="co">][1]</span></span>
<span id="cb25-3"><a href="#cb25-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>Or leave it empty and use the <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">link text itself</span><span class="co">][]</span>, see below.</span>
<span id="cb25-4"><a href="#cb25-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb25-5"><a href="#cb25-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Some text to show that the reference links can follow later.</span>
<span id="cb25-6"><a href="#cb25-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb25-7"><a href="#cb25-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[arbitrary case-insensitive reference text]: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/</span></span>
<span id="cb25-8"><a href="#cb25-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[1]: https://slashdot.org</span></span>
<span id="cb25-9"><a href="#cb25-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[link text itself]: https://about.gitlab.com/</span></span></code></pre></div>
<!--
The example below uses in-line links to pass the Vale ReferenceLinks test.
Do not change to reference style links.
-->

<p>When rendered, the example look similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>This line is a <a
href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/">reference-style link, see
below</a></li>
<li>You can <a href="https://slashdot.org">use numbers for
reference-style link definitions, see below</a></li>
<li>Or leave it empty and use the <a
href="https://about.gitlab.com/">link text itself</a>, see below.</li>
</ul>
<p>Some text to show that the reference links can follow later.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="url-auto-linking">URL auto-linking</h3>
<p>Almost any URL you put into your text is auto-linked:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb26"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb26-1"><a href="#cb26-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>https://www.google.com</span>
<span id="cb26-2"><a href="#cb26-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>https://www.google.com</span>
<span id="cb26-3"><a href="#cb26-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/</span>
<span id="cb26-4"><a href="#cb26-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>smb://foo/bar/baz</span>
<span id="cb26-5"><a href="#cb26-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>irc://irc.freenode.net/</span>
<span id="cb26-6"><a href="#cb26-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span>http://localhost:3000</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.google.com">https://www.google.com</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.google.com">https://www.google.com</a></li>
<li><a
href="ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/">ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/</a></li>
<li><a href="smb://foo/bar/baz/">smb://foo/bar/baz</a></li>
<li><a href="irc://irc.freenode.net">irc://irc.freenode.net</a></li>
<li><a href="http://localhost:3000">http://localhost:3000</a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="gitlab-specific-references">GitLab-specific references</h2>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Autocomplete for wiki pages <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/442229">introduced</a>
in GitLab 16.11.</li>
<li>Option to reference labels from groups <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/455120">introduced</a>
in GitLab 17.1.</li>
<li>Option to reference issues, epics, and work items with
<code>[work_item:123]</code> syntax:
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/352861">Introduced</a>
in GitLab 18.1 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with
a feature flag</a> named <code>extensible_reference_filters</code>.
Disabled by default.</li>
<li><a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/197052">Generally
available</a> in GitLab 18.2. Feature flag
<code>extensible_reference_filters</code> removed.</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Option to reference epics with <code>[epic:123]</code> syntax <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/352864">introduced</a>
in GitLab 18.4.</li>
<li>Ability to reference personal snippets:
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/work_items/217306">Introduced</a>
in GitLab 19.0 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with
a feature flag</a> named
<code>personal_snippet_reference_filters</code>. Disabled by
default.</li>
<li><a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/241935">Generally
available</a> in GitLab 19.2. Feature flag
<code>personal_snippet_reference_filters</code> removed.</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown renders GitLab-specific references. For
example, you can reference an issue, a commit, a team member, or even an
entire project team. GitLab Flavored Markdown turns that reference into
a link so you can navigate between them. All references to projects
should use the <strong>project slug</strong> rather than the project
name.</p>
<p>Additionally, GitLab Flavored Markdown recognizes certain
cross-project references and also has a shorthand version to reference
other projects from the same namespace.</p>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>GitLab-specific references are not supported in Markdown snippet
files.</p>
</div>
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown recognizes the following:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>References</th>
<th>Input</th>
<th>Cross-project reference</th>
<th>Shortcut inside the same namespace</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Specific user</td>
<td><code>@user_name</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Specific group</td>
<td><code>@group_name</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Entire team</td>
<td><a
href="discussions/_index.md#mentioning-all-members"><code>@all</code></a></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Project</td>
<td><code>namespace/project&gt;</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Issue</td>
<td><code>#123</code>, <code>GL-123</code>, or
<code>[issue:123]</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project#123</code> or
<code>[issue:namespace/project/123]</code></td>
<td><code>project#123</code> or <code>[issue:project/123]</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="work_items/_index.md">Work item</a></td>
<td><code>[work_item:123]</code></td>
<td><code>[work_item:namespace/project/123]</code></td>
<td><code>[work_item:project/123]</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Merge request</td>
<td><code>!123</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project!123</code></td>
<td><code>project!123</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Snippet <sup>3</sup></td>
<td><code>$123</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project$123</code></td>
<td><code>project$123</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Personal snippet <sup>3</sup></td>
<td><code>$123</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="group/epics/_index.md">Epic</a></td>
<td><code>#123</code>, <code>&amp;123</code>,
<code>[work_item:123]</code>, or <code>[epic:123]</code></td>
<td><code>group1/subgroup#123</code>,
<code>group1/subgroup&amp;123</code>,
<code>[work_item:group1/subgroup/123]</code>, or
<code>[epic:group1/subgroup/123]</code></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration</a></td>
<td><code>*iteration:"iteration title"</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration cadence</a> by
ID<sup>1</sup></td>
<td><code>[cadence:123]</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration cadence</a> by title
(one word)<sup>1</sup></td>
<td><code>[cadence:plan]</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="group/iterations/_index.md">Iteration cadence</a> by title
(multiple words)<sup>1</sup></td>
<td><code>[cadence:"plan a"]</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a
href="application_security/vulnerabilities/_index.md">Vulnerability</a></td>
<td><code>[vulnerability:123]</code></td>
<td><code>[vulnerability:namespace/project/123]</code></td>
<td><code>[vulnerability:project/123]</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Feature flag</td>
<td><code>[feature_flag:123]</code></td>
<td><code>[feature_flag:namespace/project/123]</code></td>
<td><code>[feature_flag:project/123]</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label by ID <sup>2</sup></td>
<td><code>~123</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project~123</code></td>
<td><code>project~123</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label by name (one word) <sup>2</sup></td>
<td><code>~bug</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project~bug</code></td>
<td><code>project~bug</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label by name (multiple words) <sup>2</sup></td>
<td><code>~"feature request"</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project~"feature request"</code></td>
<td><code>project~"feature request"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Label by name (scoped) <sup>2</sup></td>
<td><code>~"priority::high"</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project~"priority::high"</code></td>
<td><code>project~"priority::high"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Project milestone by ID <sup>2</sup></td>
<td><code>%123</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project%123</code></td>
<td><code>project%123</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Milestone by name (one word) <sup>2</sup></td>
<td><code>%v1.23</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project%v1.23</code></td>
<td><code>project%v1.23</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Milestone by name (multiple words) <sup>2</sup></td>
<td><code>%"release candidate"</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project%"release candidate"</code></td>
<td><code>project%"release candidate"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Commit (specific)</td>
<td><code>9ba12248</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project@9ba12248</code></td>
<td><code>project@9ba12248</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Commit range comparison</td>
<td><code>9ba12248...b19a04f5</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project@9ba12248...b19a04f5</code></td>
<td><code>project@9ba12248...b19a04f5</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Repository file reference</td>
<td><code>[README](doc/README.md)</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Repository file reference (specific line)</td>
<td><code>[README](doc/README.md#L13)</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="../operations/incident_management/alerts.md">Alert</a></td>
<td><code>^alert#123</code></td>
<td><code>namespace/project^alert#123</code></td>
<td><code>project^alert#123</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="crm/_index.md#contacts">Contact</a></td>
<td><code>[contact:test@example.com]</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="project/wiki/_index.md">Wiki page</a> (if the page slug is
the same as the title)</td>
<td><code>[[Home]]</code> or <code>[wiki_page:Home]</code></td>
<td><code>[wiki_page:namespace/project:Home]</code> or
<code>[wiki_page:group1/subgroup:Home]</code></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="project/wiki/_index.md">Wiki page</a> (if the page slug is
different from the title)</td>
<td><code>[[How to use GitLab|how-to-use-gitlab]]</code></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><strong>Footnotes</strong>:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/384885">Introduced</a>
in GitLab 16.9. Iteration cadence references are always rendered
following the format <code>[cadence:&lt;ID&gt;]</code>. For example, the
text reference <code>[cadence:"plan"]</code> renders as
<code>[cadence:1]</code> if the referenced iterations cadence's ID is
<code>1</code>.</li>
<li>For labels or milestones, prepend a <code>/</code> before
<code>namespace/project</code> to specify the exact label or milestone,
removing any possible ambiguity.</li>
<li>Snippet IDs are unique across personal and project snippets, so a
given ID always identifies a single snippet.</li>
</ol>
<p>For example, referencing an issue by using <code>#123</code> formats
the output as a link to issue number 123 with text <code>#123</code>.
Likewise, a link to issue number 123 is recognized and formatted with
text <code>#123</code>. If you don't want <code>#123</code> to link to
an issue, add a leading backslash <code>\#123</code>.</p>
<p>In addition to this, links to some objects are also recognized and
formatted. For example:</p>
<ul>
<li>Comments on issues:
<code>"https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234#note_101075757"</code>,
rendered as <code>#1234 (comment 101075757)</code></li>
<li>The issues designs tab:
<code>"https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234/designs"</code>,
rendered as <code>#1234 (designs)</code>.</li>
<li>Links to individual designs:
<code>"https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234/designs/layout.png"</code>,
rendered as <code>#1234[layout.png]</code>.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="show-item-title">Show item title</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Support for work items (tasks, objectives, and key results) <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/390854">introduced</a>
in GitLab 16.0.</li>
<li>Support for epics introduced in GitLab 17.7, with the flag named
<code>work_item_epics</code>, enabled by default.</li>
<li>Generally available for epics in GitLab 18.1. Feature flag
<code>work_item_epics</code> removed.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>To include the title in the rendered link of an issue, task,
objective, key result, merge request, or epic:</p>
<ul>
<li>Add a plus (<code>+</code>) at the end of the reference.</li>
</ul>
<p>For example, a reference like <code>#123+</code> is rendered as
<code>The issue title (#123)</code>.</p>
<p>URL references like
<code>https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234+</code> are
also expanded.</p>
<h3 id="show-item-summary">Show item summary</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Support for work items (tasks, objectives, and key results) <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/390854">introduced</a>
in GitLab 16.0.</li>
<li>Support for epics introduced in GitLab 17.7, with the flag named
<code>work_item_epics</code>, enabled by default.</li>
<li>Generally available for epics in GitLab 18.1. Feature flag
<code>work_item_epics</code> removed.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>To include an extended summary in the rendered link of an epic,
issue, task, objective, key result, or merge request:</p>
<ul>
<li>Add a <code>+s</code> at the end of the reference.</li>
</ul>
<p>Summary includes information about <strong>assignees</strong>,
<strong>milestone</strong> and <strong>health status</strong>, as
applicable by work item type, of referenced item.</p>
<p>For example, a reference like <code>#123+s</code> is rendered as
<code>The issue title (#123) • First Assignee, Second Assignee+ • v15.10 • Needs attention</code>.</p>
<p>URL references like
<code>https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/1234+s</code> are
also expanded.</p>
<p>To update the rendered references if the assignee, milestone, or
health status changed:</p>
<ul>
<li>Refresh the page.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="comment-preview-on-hover">Comment preview on hover</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/29663">Introduced</a>
in GitLab 17.3 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with
a feature flag</a> named <code>comment_tooltips</code>. Disabled by
default.</li>
<li>Feature flag removed in GitLab 17.6</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Hovering over a link to a comment shows the author and first line of
the comment.</p>
<h3 id="embed-observability-dashboards">Embed Observability
dashboards</h3>
<p>You can embed GitLab Observability UI dashboards descriptions and
comments, for example in epics, issues, and MRs.</p>
<p>To embed an Observability dashboard URL:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>In GitLab Observability UI, copy the URL in the address bar.</li>
<li>Paste your link in a comment or description. GitLab Flavored
Markdown recognizes the URL and displays the source.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<p>When creating tables:</p>
<ul>
<li>The first line contains the headers, separated by pipe characters
(<code>|</code>).</li>
<li>The second line separates the headers from the cells.
<ul>
<li>The cells can contain only empty spaces, hyphens, and (optionally)
colons for horizontal alignment.</li>
<li>Each cell must contain at least one hyphen, but adding more hyphens
to a cell does not change the cell's rendering.</li>
<li>Any content other than hyphens, whitespace, or colons is not
allowed</li>
</ul></li>
<li>The third, and any following lines, contain the cell values.
<ul>
<li>You <strong>can't</strong> have cells separated over many lines in
the Markdown, they must be kept to single lines, but they can be very
long. You can also include HTML <code>&lt;br&gt;</code> tags to force
newlines if needed.</li>
<li>The cell sizes <strong>don't</strong> have to match each other. They
are flexible, but must be separated by pipes (<code>|</code>).</li>
<li>You <strong>can</strong> have blank cells.</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Column widths are calculated dynamically based on the content of the
cells.</li>
<li>To use the pipe character (<code>|</code>) in the text and not as
table delimiter, you must <a href="#escape-characters">escape</a> it
with a backslash (<code>\|</code>).</li>
</ul>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb27-1"><a href="#cb27-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> header 1 <span class="pp">|</span> header 2 <span class="pp">|</span> header 3 <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb27-2"><a href="#cb27-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| ---</span>      <span class="pp">| ------</span>   <span class="pp">| --------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb27-3"><a href="#cb27-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> cell 1   <span class="pp">|</span> cell 2   <span class="pp">|</span> cell 3   <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb27-4"><a href="#cb27-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> cell 4 <span class="pp">|</span> cell 5 is longer <span class="pp">|</span> cell 6 is much longer than the others, but that&#39;s ok. It eventually wraps the text when the cell is too large for the display size. <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb27-5"><a href="#cb27-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> cell 7   <span class="pp">|</span>          <span class="pp">|</span> cell 9   <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>header 1</th>
<th>header 2</th>
<th>header 3</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>cell 1</td>
<td>cell 2</td>
<td>cell 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cell 4</td>
<td>cell 5 is longer</td>
<td>cell 6 is much longer than the others, but that's ok. It eventually
wraps the text when the cell is too large for the display size.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cell 7</td>
<td></td>
<td>cell 9</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="alignment">Alignment</h3>
<p>Additionally, you can choose the alignment of text in columns by
adding colons (<code>:</code>) to the sides of the "dash" lines in the
second row. This affects every cell in the column:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb28"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb28-1"><a href="#cb28-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Left Aligned <span class="pp">|</span> Centered <span class="pp">|</span> Right Aligned <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb28-2"><a href="#cb28-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| :-----------</span> <span class="pp">| :------:</span> <span class="pp">| ------------:</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb28-3"><a href="#cb28-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell 1       <span class="pp">|</span> Cell 2   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell 3        <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb28-4"><a href="#cb28-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Cell 4       <span class="pp">|</span> Cell 5   <span class="pp">|</span> Cell 6        <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">Left Aligned</th>
<th style="text-align: center;">Centered</th>
<th style="text-align: right;">Right Aligned</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Cell 1</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Cell 2</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">Cell 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Cell 4</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Cell 5</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">Cell 6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</blockquote>
<p>In GitLab, table headers are always left-aligned in Chrome and
Firefox, and centered in Safari. For more information, see <a
href="#tables">tables</a>.</p>
<h3 id="cells-with-multiple-lines">Cells with multiple lines</h3>
<p>You can use HTML formatting to adjust the rendering of tables. For
example, you can use <code>&lt;br&gt;</code> tags to force a cell to
have multiple lines:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb29-1"><a href="#cb29-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Name  <span class="pp">|</span> Details <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb29-2"><a href="#cb29-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| -----</span> <span class="pp">| -------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb29-3"><a href="#cb29-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Item1 <span class="pp">|</span> This text is on one line <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb29-4"><a href="#cb29-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Item2 <span class="pp">|</span> This item has:<span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">br</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>- Multiple items<span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">br</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>- That we want listed separately <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Details</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Item1</td>
<td>This text is on one line</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Item2</td>
<td>This item has:<br>- Multiple items<br>- That we want listed
separately</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="task-lists-in-tables">Task lists in tables</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Native Markdown syntax for task items in table cells <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/219037">introduced</a>
in GitLab 18.9.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>You can add a task item checkbox in a Markdown table cell. The
checkbox must be the only content in the cell:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb30"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb30-1"><a href="#cb30-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span> Complete <span class="pp">|</span> Task                    <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb30-2"><a href="#cb30-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">| --------</span> <span class="pp">| -----------------------</span> <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb30-3"><a href="#cb30-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>   <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">x</span><span class="co">]</span>    <span class="pp">|</span> Refactor the backend    <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb30-4"><a href="#cb30-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>   <span class="co">[ ]</span>    <span class="pp">|</span> Refactor the frontend   <span class="pp">|</span></span>
<span id="cb30-5"><a href="#cb30-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">|</span>   <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">~</span><span class="co">]</span>    <span class="pp">|</span> Inapplicable task       <span class="pp">|</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<p><img src="img/task_list_in_table_v18_9.png"
alt="Rendered task list in a Markdown table." /></p>
<p>To add multiple task items in a single cell, or task items with
additional text, use an HTML table with Markdown in the cells:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb31"><pre
class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb31-1"><a href="#cb31-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">table</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-2"><a href="#cb31-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">thead</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-3"><a href="#cb31-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">tr</span><span class="dt">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="kw">th</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>header 1<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">th</span><span class="dt">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="kw">th</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>header 2<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">th</span><span class="dt">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="kw">tr</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-4"><a href="#cb31-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">thead</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-5"><a href="#cb31-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">tbody</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-6"><a href="#cb31-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">tr</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-7"><a href="#cb31-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">td</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>cell 1<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">td</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-8"><a href="#cb31-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">td</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>cell 2<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">td</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-9"><a href="#cb31-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">tr</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-10"><a href="#cb31-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">tr</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-11"><a href="#cb31-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">td</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>cell 3<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">td</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-12"><a href="#cb31-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">td</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-13"><a href="#cb31-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb31-14"><a href="#cb31-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>- [ ] Task one</span>
<span id="cb31-15"><a href="#cb31-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>- [ ] Task two</span>
<span id="cb31-16"><a href="#cb31-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb31-17"><a href="#cb31-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">td</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-18"><a href="#cb31-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">tr</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-19"><a href="#cb31-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">tbody</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb31-20"><a href="#cb31-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">table</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>You can also <a href="rich_text_editor.md#tables">create a table in
the rich text editor</a> and insert a task list then.</p>
<h3 id="copy-and-paste-from-a-spreadsheet">Copy and paste from a
spreadsheet</h3>
<p>If you're working in spreadsheet software (for example, Microsoft
Excel, Google Sheets, or Apple Numbers), GitLab creates a Markdown table
when you copy and paste from a spreadsheet. For example, suppose you
have the following spreadsheet:</p>
<p><img src="img/markdown_copy_from_spreadsheet_v12_7.png"
alt="Copy from spreadsheet" /></p>
<p>Select the cells and copy them to your clipboard. Open a GitLab
Markdown entry and paste the spreadsheet:</p>
<p><img src="img/markdown_paste_table_v12_7.png"
alt="Paste to Markdown table" /></p>
<h3 id="json-tables">JSON tables</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Markdown rendering <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/375177">introduced</a>
in GitLab 17.9.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>To render tables with JSON code blocks, use the following syntax:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb32"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb32-1"><a href="#cb32-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb32-2"><a href="#cb32-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{}</span></span>
<span id="cb32-3"><a href="#cb32-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Watch the following video walkthrough of this feature:</p>
<div class="video-fallback">
  See the video: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12yWKw1AdKY">Demo: JSON Tables in Markdown</a>.
</div>
<figure class="video-container">
  <iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/12yWKw1AdKY" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen> </iframe>
</figure>

<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>Administrators can enable rendering of iframes in Markdown and
configure the allowed iframe <code>src</code> hosts for an instance. You
can manage these settings with the <a
href="../api/settings.md#available-settings">application settings
API</a> using:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>iframe_rendering_enabled</code></li>
<li><code>iframe_rendering_allowlist</code></li>
<li><code>iframe_rendering_allowlist_raw</code>.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>The <code>items</code> attribute is a list of objects representing
the data points.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb33"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb33-1"><a href="#cb33-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb33-2"><a href="#cb33-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{</span></span>
<span id="cb33-3"><a href="#cb33-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;items&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb33-4"><a href="#cb33-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-5"><a href="#cb33-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ]</span></span>
<span id="cb33-6"><a href="#cb33-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-7"><a href="#cb33-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>To specify the table labels, use the <code>fields</code>
attribute.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb34"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb34-1"><a href="#cb34-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb34-2"><a href="#cb34-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{</span></span>
<span id="cb34-3"><a href="#cb34-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;fields&quot; : [&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;],</span></span>
<span id="cb34-4"><a href="#cb34-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;items&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb34-5"><a href="#cb34-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb34-6"><a href="#cb34-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ]</span></span>
<span id="cb34-7"><a href="#cb34-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">}</span></span>
<span id="cb34-8"><a href="#cb34-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Not all elements of <code>items</code> must have corresponding values
in <code>fields</code>.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb35"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb35-1"><a href="#cb35-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb35-2"><a href="#cb35-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{</span></span>
<span id="cb35-3"><a href="#cb35-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;fields&quot; : [&quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;],</span></span>
<span id="cb35-4"><a href="#cb35-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;items&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb35-5"><a href="#cb35-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb35-6"><a href="#cb35-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb35-7"><a href="#cb35-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ]</span></span>
<span id="cb35-8"><a href="#cb35-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">}</span></span>
<span id="cb35-9"><a href="#cb35-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When <code>fields</code> is not explicitly specified, the labels are
picked from the first element of <code>items</code>.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb36"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb36-1"><a href="#cb36-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb36-2"><a href="#cb36-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{</span></span>
<span id="cb36-3"><a href="#cb36-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;items&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb36-4"><a href="#cb36-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb36-5"><a href="#cb36-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb36-6"><a href="#cb36-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ]</span></span>
<span id="cb36-7"><a href="#cb36-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">}</span></span>
<span id="cb36-8"><a href="#cb36-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>You can specify custom labels for <code>fields</code>.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb37"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb37-1"><a href="#cb37-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb37-2"><a href="#cb37-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{</span></span>
<span id="cb37-3"><a href="#cb37-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;fields&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb37-4"><a href="#cb37-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb37-5"><a href="#cb37-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb37-6"><a href="#cb37-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb37-7"><a href="#cb37-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ],</span></span>
<span id="cb37-8"><a href="#cb37-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;items&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb37-9"><a href="#cb37-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb37-10"><a href="#cb37-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb37-11"><a href="#cb37-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ]</span></span>
<span id="cb37-12"><a href="#cb37-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">}</span></span>
<span id="cb37-13"><a href="#cb37-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>You can enable sorting for individual elements of
<code>fields</code>.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb38"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb38-1"><a href="#cb38-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb38-2"><a href="#cb38-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{</span></span>
<span id="cb38-3"><a href="#cb38-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;fields&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb38-4"><a href="#cb38-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;, &quot;sortable&quot;: true},</span></span>
<span id="cb38-5"><a href="#cb38-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb38-6"><a href="#cb38-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb38-7"><a href="#cb38-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ],</span></span>
<span id="cb38-8"><a href="#cb38-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;items&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb38-9"><a href="#cb38-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb38-10"><a href="#cb38-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb38-11"><a href="#cb38-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ]</span></span>
<span id="cb38-12"><a href="#cb38-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">}</span></span>
<span id="cb38-13"><a href="#cb38-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>You can use the <code>filter</code> attribute to render a table with
content filtered dynamically by user input.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb39"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb39-1"><a href="#cb39-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb39-2"><a href="#cb39-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{</span></span>
<span id="cb39-3"><a href="#cb39-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;fields&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb39-4"><a href="#cb39-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb39-5"><a href="#cb39-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb39-6"><a href="#cb39-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb39-7"><a href="#cb39-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ],</span></span>
<span id="cb39-8"><a href="#cb39-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;items&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb39-9"><a href="#cb39-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb39-10"><a href="#cb39-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;211&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb39-11"><a href="#cb39-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ],</span></span>
<span id="cb39-12"><a href="#cb39-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;filter&quot; : true</span></span>
<span id="cb39-13"><a href="#cb39-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">}</span></span>
<span id="cb39-14"><a href="#cb39-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>You can use the <code>markdown</code> attribute to allow for GitLab
Flavored Markdown in the items and caption, including GitLab references.
Fields do not support Markdown.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb40"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb40-1"><a href="#cb40-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb40-2"><a href="#cb40-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{</span></span>
<span id="cb40-3"><a href="#cb40-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;fields&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb40-4"><a href="#cb40-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;a&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;AA&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb40-5"><a href="#cb40-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;b&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;BB&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb40-6"><a href="#cb40-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">        {&quot;key&quot;: &quot;c&quot;, &quot;label&quot;: &quot;CC&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb40-7"><a href="#cb40-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ],</span></span>
<span id="cb40-8"><a href="#cb40-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;items&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb40-9"><a href="#cb40-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;**22**&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;},</span></span>
<span id="cb40-10"><a href="#cb40-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;#1&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;222&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;233&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb40-11"><a href="#cb40-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ],</span></span>
<span id="cb40-12"><a href="#cb40-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;markdown&quot; : true</span></span>
<span id="cb40-13"><a href="#cb40-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">}</span></span>
<span id="cb40-14"><a href="#cb40-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>By default, every JSON table has the caption
<code>Generated with JSON data</code>. You can override this caption by
specifying the <code>caption</code> attribute.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb41"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb41-1"><a href="#cb41-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb41-2"><a href="#cb41-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{</span></span>
<span id="cb41-3"><a href="#cb41-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;items&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb41-4"><a href="#cb41-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb41-5"><a href="#cb41-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ],</span></span>
<span id="cb41-6"><a href="#cb41-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;caption&quot; : &quot;Custom caption&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb41-7"><a href="#cb41-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">}</span></span>
<span id="cb41-8"><a href="#cb41-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>If JSON is invalid, an error occurs.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb42"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb42-1"><a href="#cb42-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```json:table</span></span>
<span id="cb42-2"><a href="#cb42-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">{</span></span>
<span id="cb42-3"><a href="#cb42-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    &quot;items&quot; : [</span></span>
<span id="cb42-4"><a href="#cb42-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">      {&quot;a&quot;: &quot;11&quot;, &quot;b&quot;: &quot;22&quot;, &quot;c&quot;: &quot;33&quot;}</span></span>
<span id="cb42-5"><a href="#cb42-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    ],</span></span>
<span id="cb42-6"><a href="#cb42-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">}</span></span>
<span id="cb42-7"><a href="#cb42-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h2 id="multimedia">Multimedia</h2>
<p>Embed images, videos, and audio. You can add multimedia using
Markdown syntax to link files, set dimensions, and display them inline.
Formatting options let you customize titles, specify width and height,
and control how media appears in the rendered output.</p>
<h3 id="images">Images</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Opening images in an overlay <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/377398">introduced</a>
in GitLab 18.6.</li>
<li>Transparency checkerboard toggle <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/224872">introduced</a>
in GitLab 18.10.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Embed images using inline or reference <a href="#links">links</a>
prepended with a <code>!</code>. For example:</p>
<!--
DO NOT change the name of `markdown_logo_v17_11.png`. This file is used for a test in
spec/controllers/help_controller_spec.rb.
-->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb43"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb43-1"><a href="#cb43-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![GitLab logo](img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png &quot;Title Text&quot;)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<blockquote>
<p><img src="img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png" title="Title Text"
alt="GitLab logo" /></p>
</blockquote>
<p>In image links:</p>
<ul>
<li>Text in the square brackets (<code>[ ]</code>) becomes the image alt
text.</li>
<li>Text in double quotes after the image link path becomes the title
text. To see title text, hover over the image.</li>
</ul>
<p>For more information, see <a
href="#accessible-images-and-videos">accessible images and
videos</a>.</p>
<p>When an image is selected, it opens in an overlay.</p>
<p>If an image has transparent areas, hover over it and select
<strong>Toggle transparency checkerboard</strong> to show a checkerboard
background. The checkerboard makes transparent areas visible against any
theme. <strong>Toggle transparency checkerboard</strong> appears on PNG,
WebP, and GIF images if at least 5% of their pixels have some degree of
transparency (are not fully opaque). Images with fewer than 5%
transparent pixels do not show the toggle.</p>
<h3 id="videos">Videos</h3>
<p>Image tags that link to files with a video extension are
automatically converted to a video player. The valid video extensions
are <code>.mp4</code>, <code>.m4v</code>, <code>.mov</code>,
<code>.webm</code>, and <code>.ogv</code>:</p>
<p>Here's an example video:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb44"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb44-1"><a href="#cb44-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![Sample Video](img/markdown_video.mp4)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>This example only works when <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#videos">rendered
in GitLab</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><video src="img/markdown_video.mp4" controls=""><a
href="img/markdown_video.mp4">Sample Video</a></video></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="change-image-or-video-dimensions">Change image or video
dimensions</h3>
<p>You can control the width and height of an image or video by
following the image with an attribute list. The value must an integer
with a unit of either <code>px</code> (default) or <code>%</code>.</p>
<p>For example</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb45"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb45-1"><a href="#cb45-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![GitLab logo](img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png &quot;Title Text&quot;)</span>{width=100 height=100px}</span>
<span id="cb45-2"><a href="#cb45-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb45-3"><a href="#cb45-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![GitLab logo](img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png &quot;Title Text&quot;)</span>{width=75%}</span></code></pre></div>
<p>This example only works when <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#change-image-or-video-dimensions">rendered
in GitLab</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><img src="img/markdown_logo_v17_11.png" title="Title Text"
alt="GitLab logo" />{width=100 height=100px}</p>
</blockquote>
<p>You can also use the <code>img</code> HTML tag instead of Markdown
and set its <code>height</code> and <code>width</code> parameters.</p>
<p>When you paste a higher resolution PNG image into a Markdown text box
<a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/419913">in GitLab
17.1 and later</a>, dimensions are always appended. The dimensions are
automatically adjusted to accommodate for retina (and other
higher-resolution) displays. For instance, a 144ppi image is resized to
50% of its dimensions, whereas a 96ppi image is resized to 75% of its
dimensions.</p>
<p>When selected, images open in an overlay scaled to either 100% or the
largest size that fits in the window.</p>
<h3 id="audio">Audio</h3>
<p>Similar to videos, link tags for files with an audio extension are
automatically converted to an audio player. The valid audio extensions
are <code>.mp3</code>, <code>.oga</code>, <code>.ogg</code>,
<code>.spx</code>, and <code>.wav</code>:</p>
<p>Here's an example audio clip:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb46"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb46-1"><a href="#cb46-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![Sample Audio](img/markdown_audio.mp3)</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>This example only works when <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#audio">rendered
in GitLab</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><audio src="img/markdown_audio.mp3" controls=""><a
href="img/markdown_audio.mp3">Sample Audio</a></audio></p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="blockquotes">Blockquotes</h2>
<p>Use a blockquote to highlight information, such as a side note. It's
generated by starting the lines of the blockquote with
<code>&gt;</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb47"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb47-1"><a href="#cb47-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; Blockquotes help you emulate reply text.</span></span>
<span id="cb47-2"><a href="#cb47-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; This line is part of the same quote.</span></span>
<span id="cb47-3"><a href="#cb47-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb47-4"><a href="#cb47-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Quote break.</span>
<span id="cb47-5"><a href="#cb47-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb47-6"><a href="#cb47-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; This very long line is still quoted properly when it wraps. Keep writing to make sure this line is long enough to actually wrap for everyone. You can also *use* **Markdown** in a blockquote.</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>Blockquotes help you emulate reply text. This line is part of the
same quote.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Quote break.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This very long line is still quoted properly when it wraps. Keep
writing to make sure this line is long enough to actually wrap for
everyone. You can also <em>use</em> <strong>Markdown</strong> in a
blockquote.</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="multiline-blockquote">Multiline blockquote</h3>
<p>Create multi-line blockquotes fenced by
<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb48"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb48-1"><a href="#cb48-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb48-2"><a href="#cb48-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">If you paste a message from somewhere else</span></span>
<span id="cb48-3"><a href="#cb48-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb48-4"><a href="#cb48-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>that spans multiple lines,</span>
<span id="cb48-5"><a href="#cb48-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb48-6"><a href="#cb48-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>you can quote that without having to manually prepend <span class="in">`&gt;`</span> to every line!</span>
<span id="cb48-7"><a href="#cb48-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<blockquote>
<p>If you paste a message from somewhere else</p>
<p>that spans multiple lines,</p>
<p>you can quote that without having to manually prepend
<code>&gt;</code> to every line!</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="code-spans-and-blocks">Code spans and blocks</h2>
<p>Highlight anything that should be viewed as code and not standard
text.</p>
<p>Inline code is formatted with single backticks <code>`</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb49"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb49-1"><a href="#cb49-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Inline <span class="in">`code`</span> has <span class="in">`back-ticks around`</span> it.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Inline <code>code</code> has <code>back-ticks around</code> it.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>For a similar effect with a larger code example, you can use a code
block. To create a code block:</p>
<ul>
<li>Fence an entire block of code with triple backticks
(<code>```</code>). You can use more than three backticks, as long as
both the opening and closing set have the same number.</li>
<li>Fence an entire block of code with triple tildes
(<code>~~~</code>).</li>
<li>Indent it four or more spaces.</li>
</ul>
<p>For example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb50"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb50-1"><a href="#cb50-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">Python code block:</span></span>
<span id="cb50-2"><a href="#cb50-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb50-3"><a href="#cb50-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```python</span></span>
<span id="cb50-4"><a href="#cb50-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">def</span> function():</span>
<span id="cb50-5"><a href="#cb50-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="co">#indenting works just fine in the fenced code block</span></span>
<span id="cb50-6"><a href="#cb50-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    s <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">&quot;Python code&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb50-7"><a href="#cb50-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(s)</span>
<span id="cb50-8"><a href="#cb50-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb50-9"><a href="#cb50-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb50-10"><a href="#cb50-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Markdown code block using 4 spaces:</span>
<span id="cb50-11"><a href="#cb50-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb50-12"><a href="#cb50-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    Using 4 spaces</span></span>
<span id="cb50-13"><a href="#cb50-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    is like using</span></span>
<span id="cb50-14"><a href="#cb50-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    3-backtick fences.</span></span>
<span id="cb50-15"><a href="#cb50-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb50-16"><a href="#cb50-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>JavaScript code block using tildes:</span>
<span id="cb50-17"><a href="#cb50-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb50-18"><a href="#cb50-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">~~~javascript</span></span>
<span id="cb50-19"><a href="#cb50-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">const</span> s <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">&quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb50-20"><a href="#cb50-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">alert</span>(s)<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb50-21"><a href="#cb50-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">~~~</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>The three previous examples render as:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Python code block:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb51"><pre
class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb51-1"><a href="#cb51-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">def</span> function():</span>
<span id="cb51-2"><a href="#cb51-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="co">#indenting works just fine in the fenced code block</span></span>
<span id="cb51-3"><a href="#cb51-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    s <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">&quot;Python code&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb51-4"><a href="#cb51-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(s)</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Markdown code block using 4 spaces:</p>
<pre class="plaintext"><code>Using 4 spaces
is like using
3-backtick fences.</code></pre>
<p>JavaScript code block using tildes:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb53"><pre
class="sourceCode javascript"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb53-1"><a href="#cb53-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">const</span> s <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">&quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb53-2"><a href="#cb53-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">alert</span>(s)<span class="op">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="syntax-highlighting">Syntax highlighting</h3>
<p>GitLab uses the <a href="https://github.com/rouge-ruby/rouge">Rouge
Ruby library</a> for more colorful syntax highlighting in code blocks.
For a list of supported languages visit the <a
href="https://github.com/rouge-ruby/rouge/wiki/List-of-supported-languages-and-lexers">Rouge
project wiki</a>. Syntax highlighting is supported only in code blocks,
so you can't highlight inline code.</p>
<p>To fence and apply syntax highlighting to a block of code, append the
code language to the opening code declaration, after the three
back-ticks (<code>```</code>) or three tildes (<code>~~~</code>).</p>
<p>Code blocks that use <code>plaintext</code> or have no code language
specified have no syntax highlighting:</p>
<pre class="plaintext"><code>```
No language indicated, so **no** syntax highlighting.
s = &quot;No highlighting is shown for this line.&quot;
But let&#39;s throw in a &lt;b&gt;tag&lt;/b&gt;.
```</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<pre class="plaintext"><code>No language indicated, so **no** syntax highlighting.
s = &quot;No highlighting is shown for this line.&quot;
But let&#39;s throw in a &lt;b&gt;tag&lt;/b&gt;.</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="diagrams-and-flowcharts">Diagrams and flowcharts</h2>
<p>You can generate diagrams from text by using:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://mermaidjs.github.io/">Mermaid</a></li>
<li><a href="https://plantuml.com">PlantUML</a></li>
<li><a href="https://kroki.io">Kroki</a> to create a wide variety of
diagrams.</li>
</ul>
<p>In wikis, you can also add and edit diagrams created with the <a
href="project/wiki/markdown.md#diagramsnet-editor">diagrams.net
editor</a>.</p>
<h3 id="mermaid">Mermaid</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li>Support for Entity Relationship diagrams and mind maps <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/384386">introduced</a>
in GitLab 16.0.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Visit the <a href="https://mermaidjs.github.io/">official page</a>
for more details. The <a
href="https://mermaid-js.github.io/mermaid-live-editor/">Mermaid Live
Editor</a> helps you learn Mermaid and debug issues in your Mermaid
code. Use it to identify and resolve issues in your diagrams.</p>
<p>GitLab.com supports Mermaid version 10.</p>
<p>To generate a diagram or flowchart, write your text inside the
<code>mermaid</code> block:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb56"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb56-1"><a href="#cb56-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```mermaid</span></span>
<span id="cb56-2"><a href="#cb56-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">graph TD</span></span>
<span id="cb56-3"><a href="#cb56-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    accTitle: Basic Mermaid diagram example</span></span>
<span id="cb56-4"><a href="#cb56-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    accDescr: Simple flowchart showing nodes A, B, C, and D with connections between them.</span></span>
<span id="cb56-5"><a href="#cb56-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb56-6"><a href="#cb56-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">  A--&gt;B;</span></span>
<span id="cb56-7"><a href="#cb56-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">  A--&gt;C;</span></span>
<span id="cb56-8"><a href="#cb56-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">  B--&gt;D;</span></span>
<span id="cb56-9"><a href="#cb56-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">  C--&gt;D;</span></span>
<span id="cb56-10"><a href="#cb56-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>On GitLab Self-Managed, if you configured a
<code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code> header with
<code>same-site</code> or <code>same-origin</code>, Mermaid diagrams
silently fail to render. To resolve this, use <code>cross-origin</code>
instead. For more information, see <a
href="https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/nginx/#cross-origin-resource-policy-header-and-mermaid-diagrams"><code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code>
header and Mermaid diagrams</a>.</p>
</div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<pre class="mermaid"><code>graph TD
    accTitle: Basic Mermaid diagram example
    accDescr: Simple flowchart showing nodes A, B, C, and D with connections between them.

  A--&gt;B;
  A--&gt;C;
  B--&gt;D;
  C--&gt;D;</code></pre>
<p>You can also include subgraphs:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb58"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb58-1"><a href="#cb58-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```mermaid</span></span>
<span id="cb58-2"><a href="#cb58-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">graph TB</span></span>
<span id="cb58-3"><a href="#cb58-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    accTitle: Mermaid diagram with subgraphs</span></span>
<span id="cb58-4"><a href="#cb58-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    accDescr: Flowchart showing main graph with two subgraphs containing nodes and decision flows.</span></span>
<span id="cb58-5"><a href="#cb58-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb58-6"><a href="#cb58-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">  SubGraph1 --&gt; SubGraph1Flow</span></span>
<span id="cb58-7"><a href="#cb58-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb58-8"><a href="#cb58-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">  subgraph &quot;SubGraph 1 Flow&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb58-9"><a href="#cb58-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    SubGraph1Flow(SubNode 1)</span></span>
<span id="cb58-10"><a href="#cb58-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice1 --&gt; DoChoice1</span></span>
<span id="cb58-11"><a href="#cb58-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice2 --&gt; DoChoice2</span></span>
<span id="cb58-12"><a href="#cb58-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">  end</span></span>
<span id="cb58-13"><a href="#cb58-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb58-14"><a href="#cb58-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">  subgraph &quot;Main Graph&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb58-15"><a href="#cb58-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    Node1[Node 1] --&gt; Node2[Node 2]</span></span>
<span id="cb58-16"><a href="#cb58-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    Node2 --&gt; SubGraph1[Jump to SubGraph1]</span></span>
<span id="cb58-17"><a href="#cb58-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">    SubGraph1 --&gt; FinalThing[Final Thing]</span></span>
<span id="cb58-18"><a href="#cb58-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">  end</span></span>
<span id="cb58-19"><a href="#cb58-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<pre class="mermaid"><code>graph TB
    accTitle: Mermaid diagram with subgraphs rendered
    accDescr: Flowchart showing main graph with two subgraphs containing nodes and decision flows as rendered.

  SubGraph1 --&gt; SubGraph1Flow

  subgraph &quot;SubGraph 1 Flow&quot;
    SubGraph1Flow(SubNode 1)
    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice1 --&gt; DoChoice1
    SubGraph1Flow -- Choice2 --&gt; DoChoice2
  end

  subgraph &quot;Main Graph&quot;
    Node1[Node 1] --&gt; Node2[Node 2]
    Node2 --&gt; SubGraph1[Jump to SubGraph1]
    SubGraph1 --&gt; FinalThing[Final Thing]
  end</code></pre>
<h3 id="plantuml">PlantUML</h3>
<p>PlantUML integration is enabled on GitLab.com. To make PlantUML
available in GitLab Self-Managed installation of GitLab, a GitLab
administrator <a href="../administration/integration/plantuml.md">must
enable it</a>.</p>
<p>After you enable PlantUML, diagram delimiters
<code>@startuml</code>/<code>@enduml</code> aren't required, as these
are replaced by the <code>plantuml</code> block. For example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb60"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb60-1"><a href="#cb60-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```plantuml</span></span>
<span id="cb60-2"><a href="#cb60-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">Bob -&gt; Alice : hello</span></span>
<span id="cb60-3"><a href="#cb60-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">Alice -&gt; Bob : hi</span></span>
<span id="cb60-4"><a href="#cb60-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>You can include or embed a PlantUML diagram from separate files in
the repository using the <code>::include</code> directive. For more
information, see <a
href="../administration/integration/plantuml.md#include-diagram-files">include
diagram files</a>.</p>
<h3 id="kroki">Kroki</h3>
<p>To make Kroki available in GitLab, a GitLab administrator must enable
it. For more information, see the <a
href="../administration/integration/kroki.md">Kroki integration</a>
page.</p>
<h2 id="math-equations">Math equations</h2>
<p>Math written in LaTeX syntax is rendered with <a
href="https://github.com/KaTeX/KaTeX">KaTeX</a>. <em>KaTeX only supports
a <a href="https://katex.org/docs/supported.html">subset</a> of
LaTeX.</em> This syntax also works in AsciiDoc wikis and files using
<code>:stem: latexmath</code>. For details, see the <a
href="https://asciidoctor.org/docs/user-manual/#activating-stem-support">Asciidoctor
user manual</a>.</p>
<p>To prevent malicious activity, GitLab renders only the first 50
inline math instances. You can disable this limit <a
href="../api/graphql/reference/_index.md#mutationgroupupdate">for a
group</a> or for the entire <a
href="../administration/instance_limits.md#math-rendering-limits">GitLab
Self-Managed instance</a>.</p>
<p>The number of math blocks is also limited based on render time. If
the limit is exceeded, GitLab renders the excess math instances as text.
Wiki and repository files do not have these limits.</p>
<p>Math written between dollar signs with backticks
(<code>$`...`$</code>) or single dollar signs (<code>$...$</code>) is
rendered inline with the text.</p>
<p>Math written between double dollar signs (<code>$$...$$</code>) or in
a <a href="#code-spans-and-blocks">code block</a> with the language
declared as <code>math</code> is rendered on a separate line:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb61"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb61-1"><a href="#cb61-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">This math is inline:</span><span class="co"> $`a^2+b^2=c^2`$.</span></span>
<span id="cb61-2"><a href="#cb61-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb61-3"><a href="#cb61-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This math is on a separate line using a ` ``<span class="in">`math `</span> block:</span>
<span id="cb61-4"><a href="#cb61-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb61-5"><a href="#cb61-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```math</span></span>
<span id="cb61-6"><a href="#cb61-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">a^2+b^2=c^2</span></span>
<span id="cb61-7"><a href="#cb61-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb61-8"><a href="#cb61-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb61-9"><a href="#cb61-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This math is on a separate line using inline <span class="in">`$$`</span>: $$a^2+b^2=c^2$$</span>
<span id="cb61-10"><a href="#cb61-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb61-11"><a href="#cb61-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This math is on a separate line using a <span class="in">`$$...$$`</span> block:</span>
<span id="cb61-12"><a href="#cb61-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb61-13"><a href="#cb61-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>$$</span>
<span id="cb61-14"><a href="#cb61-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>a^2+b^2=c^2</span>
<span id="cb61-15"><a href="#cb61-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>$$</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks like:</p>
<p><img src="img/markdown_math_v17_2.png"
alt="Example of math in GitLab" /></p>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>The rich text editor does not support inserting new math blocks. To
insert a new math block, use the plain text editor. For more
information, see <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/366527">issue
366527</a>.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of contents</h2>
<p>A table of contents is an unordered list that links to subheadings in
the document. You can add a table of contents to issues, merge requests,
and epics, but you can't add one to notes or comments.</p>
<p>Add one of these tags on their own line to the
<strong>description</strong> field of any of the supported content
types:</p>
<!--
Tags for the table of contents are presented in a code block to work around a Markdown bug.
Do not change the code block back to single backticks.
For more information, see <https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/359077>.
-->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb62"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb62-1"><a href="#cb62-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>[<span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">_TOC_</span><span class="co">]</span>]</span>
<span id="cb62-2"><a href="#cb62-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>or</span>
<span id="cb62-3"><a href="#cb62-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">TOC</span><span class="co">]</span></span></code></pre></div>
<ul>
<li>Markdown files.</li>
<li>Wiki pages.</li>
<li>Issues.</li>
<li>Merge requests.</li>
<li>Epics.</li>
</ul>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>A table of contents renders also when you use the TOC code in single
square brackets, regardless of being on its own line or not. This
behavior is unintended. For more information, see <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/359077">issue
359077</a>.</p>
</div>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE this example. The example must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->

<div class="sourceCode" id="cb63"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb63-1"><a href="#cb63-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This is an intro sentence to my wiki page.</span>
<span id="cb63-2"><a href="#cb63-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb63-3"><a href="#cb63-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>[<span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">_TOC_</span><span class="co">]</span>]</span>
<span id="cb63-4"><a href="#cb63-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb63-5"><a href="#cb63-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## My first heading</span></span>
<span id="cb63-6"><a href="#cb63-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb63-7"><a href="#cb63-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>First section content.</span>
<span id="cb63-8"><a href="#cb63-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb63-9"><a href="#cb63-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## My second heading</span></span>
<span id="cb63-10"><a href="#cb63-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb63-11"><a href="#cb63-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Second section content.</span></code></pre></div>
<p><img src="img/markdown_toc_preview_v12_9.png"
alt="Preview of an auto-generated table of contents in a Wiki" /></p>
<h2 id="alerts">Alerts</h2>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/24482">Introduced</a>
in GitLab 17.10.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Alerts can be used to highlight or call attention to something. The
alert syntax uses the Markdown blockquote syntax followed by the type of
alert. You can use alerts in any text box that supports Markdown.</p>
<p>You can use the following types of alerts:</p>
<!--
Translation note: DO NOT TRANSLATE any examples in this section. The examples must stay untranslated
to stay in sync with the image.
-->

<ul>
<li><p>Note: information that users should take into account, even when
skimming:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb64"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb64-1"><a href="#cb64-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">!note</span><span class="co">]</span></span>
<span id="cb64-2"><a href="#cb64-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; The following information is useful.</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
<li><p>Tip: Optional information to help a user be more successful:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb65"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb65-1"><a href="#cb65-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">!tip</span><span class="co">]</span></span>
<span id="cb65-2"><a href="#cb65-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; Tip of the day.</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
<li><p>Important: Crucial information necessary for users to
succeed:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb66"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb66-1"><a href="#cb66-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">!important</span><span class="co">]</span></span>
<span id="cb66-2"><a href="#cb66-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; This is something important you should know.</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
<li><p>Caution: Negative potential consequences of an action:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb67"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb67-1"><a href="#cb67-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">!caution</span><span class="co">]</span></span>
<span id="cb67-2"><a href="#cb67-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; You need to be very careful about the following.</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
<li><p>Warning: Critical potential risks:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb68"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb68-1"><a href="#cb68-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">!warning</span><span class="co">]</span></span>
<span id="cb68-2"><a href="#cb68-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; The following would be dangerous.</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
</ul>
<p>The title text shown for an alert defaults to the name of the alert.
For example, <code>&gt; [!warning]</code> alert has the title
<code>Warning</code>.</p>
<p>To override an alert block's title, enter any text on the same line.
For example, to use the warning color but have
<code>Data deletion</code> as the title:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb69"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb69-1"><a href="#cb69-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">!warning</span><span class="co">]</span><span class="at"> Data deletion</span></span>
<span id="cb69-2"><a href="#cb69-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt; The following instructions will make your data unrecoverable.</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p><a href="#multiline-blockquote">Multiline blockquotes</a> also
support the alert syntax. This allows you to wrap large and more complex
text in an alert.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb70"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb70-1"><a href="#cb70-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">!note</span><span class="co">]</span><span class="at"> Things to consider</span></span>
<span id="cb70-2"><a href="#cb70-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">You should consider the following ramifications:</span></span>
<span id="cb70-3"><a href="#cb70-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb70-4"><a href="#cb70-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>consideration 1</span>
<span id="cb70-5"><a href="#cb70-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1. </span>consideration 2</span>
<span id="cb70-6"><a href="#cb70-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>The alerts render as:</p>
<p><img src="img/markdown_alerts_v18_3.png"
alt="How Markdown alerts are rendered in GitLab" /></p>
<h2 id="colors">Colors</h2>
<p>Markdown does not support changing text color.</p>
<p>You can write a color code in the formats: <code>HEX</code>,
<code>RGB</code>, or <code>HSL</code>.</p>
<ul>
<li><code>HEX</code>: <code>`#RGB[A]`</code> or
<code>`#RRGGBB[AA]`</code></li>
<li><code>RGB</code>: <code>`RGB[A](R, G, B[, A])`</code></li>
<li><code>HSL</code>: <code>`HSL[A](H, S, L[, A])`</code></li>
</ul>
<p>Named colors are not supported.</p>
<p>In the GitLab application (but not the GitLab documentation) color
codes in backticks display a color chip next to the color code. For
example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb71"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb71-1"><a href="#cb71-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="in">`#F00`</span></span>
<span id="cb71-2"><a href="#cb71-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="in">`#F00A`</span></span>
<span id="cb71-3"><a href="#cb71-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="in">`#FF0000`</span></span>
<span id="cb71-4"><a href="#cb71-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="in">`#FF0000AA`</span></span>
<span id="cb71-5"><a href="#cb71-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="in">`RGB(0,255,0)`</span></span>
<span id="cb71-6"><a href="#cb71-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="in">`RGB(0%,100%,0%)`</span></span>
<span id="cb71-7"><a href="#cb71-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="in">`RGBA(0,255,0,0.3)`</span></span>
<span id="cb71-8"><a href="#cb71-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="in">`HSL(540,70%,50%)`</span></span>
<span id="cb71-9"><a href="#cb71-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">- </span><span class="in">`HSLA(540,70%,50%,0.3)`</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>This example only works when <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/user/markdown.md#colors">rendered
in GitLab</a>:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>#F00</code></li>
<li><code>#F00A</code></li>
<li><code>#FF0000</code></li>
<li><code>#FF0000AA</code></li>
<li><code>RGB(0,255,0)</code></li>
<li><code>RGB(0%,100%,0%)</code></li>
<li><code>RGBA(0,255,0,0.3)</code></li>
<li><code>HSL(540,70%,50%)</code></li>
<li><code>HSLA(540,70%,50%,0.3)</code></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="escape-color-codes">Escape color codes</h3>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/359069">Introduced</a>
in GitLab 18.3.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>To display a color code as inline code without generating a color
chip, prefix it with a backslash (<code>\</code>).</p>
<p>For example:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>\#FF0000</code></li>
<li><code>\RGB(255,0,0)</code></li>
<li><code>\HSL(0,100%,50%)</code></li>
</ul>
<p>In all cases, the backslash is removed, and no color chip is rendered
in the output.</p>
<p>Use when you want to include values like issue numbers in inline code
without accidentally triggering a color chip.</p>
<h2 id="emoji">Emoji</h2>
<p>You can use emoji anywhere GitLab Flavored Markdown is supported. For
example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb72"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb72-1"><a href="#cb72-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Sometimes you want to <span class="sc">:monkey:</span> around a bit and add some <span class="sc">:star2:</span> to your</span>
<span id="cb72-2"><a href="#cb72-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="sc">:speech_balloon:</span>. Well we have a gift for you: emoji!</span>
<span id="cb72-3"><a href="#cb72-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb72-4"><a href="#cb72-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>You can use it to point out a <span class="sc">:bug:</span> or warn about <span class="sc">:speak_no_evil:</span> patches.</span>
<span id="cb72-5"><a href="#cb72-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>And if someone improves your really <span class="sc">:snail:</span> code, send them some <span class="sc">:birthday:</span>.</span>
<span id="cb72-6"><a href="#cb72-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>People <span class="sc">:heart:</span> you for that.</span>
<span id="cb72-7"><a href="#cb72-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb72-8"><a href="#cb72-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>If you&#39;re new to this, don&#39;t be <span class="sc">:fearful:</span>. You can join the emoji <span class="sc">:family:</span>.</span>
<span id="cb72-9"><a href="#cb72-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Just look up one of the supported codes.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Sometimes you want to
<img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/monkey.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":monkey:" alt=":monkey:">
around a bit and add some
<img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/star2.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":star2:" alt=":star2:">
to your
<img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/speech_balloon.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":speech_balloon:" alt=":speech_balloon:">.
Well we have a gift for you: emoji!</p>
<p>You can use it to point out a
<img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/bug.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":bug:" alt=":bug:">
or warn about
<img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/speak_no_evil.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":speak_no_evil:" alt=":speak_no_evil:">
patches. If someone improves your really
<img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/snail.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":snail:" alt=":snail:">
code, send them some
<img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/birthday.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":birthday:" alt=":birthday:">.
People
<img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/heart.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":heart:" alt=":heart:">
you for that.</p>
<p>If you're new to this, don't be
<img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/fearful.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":fearful:" alt=":fearful:">.
You can join the emoji
<img src="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/raw/master/public/-/emojis/4/family.png" width="20px" height="20px" style="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;" title=":family:" alt=":family:">.
Just look up one of the supported codes.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>For more information, see the <a
href="https://www.webfx.com/tools/emoji-cheat-sheet/">emoji cheat
sheet</a> for a list of all supported emoji codes.</p>
<h3 id="emoji-and-your-operating-system">Emoji and your operating
system</h3>
<p>The previous emoji example uses hard-coded images. Rendered emoji in
GitLab might look different depending on the OS and browser used.</p>
<p>Most emoji are natively supported on macOS, Windows, iOS, Android,
and fall back on image-based emoji where there is no support.</p>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = NO -->

<p>On Linux, you can download <a
href="https://github.com/googlefonts/noto-emoji">Noto Color Emoji</a> to
get full native emoji support. Ubuntu 22.04 (like many modern Linux
distributions) has this font installed by default.</p>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = YES -->

<p>For more information about adding custom emoji, see <a
href="emoji_reactions.md#custom-emoji">custom emoji</a>.</p>
<h2 id="front-matter">Front matter</h2>
<p>Front matter is metadata included at the beginning of a Markdown
document, preceding the content. This data can be used by static site
generators like <a
href="https://jekyllrb.com/docs/front-matter/">Jekyll</a>, <a
href="https://gohugo.io/content-management/front-matter/">Hugo</a>, and
many other applications.</p>
<p>When you view a Markdown file rendered by GitLab, front matter is
displayed as-is, in a box at the top of the document. The HTML content
displays after the front matter. To view an example, you can toggle
between the source and rendered version of a <a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/_index.md">GitLab
documentation file</a>.</p>
<p>In GitLab, front matter is used only in Markdown files and wiki
pages, not the other places where Markdown formatting is supported. It
must be at the very top of the document and must be between
delimiters.</p>
<p>The following delimiters are supported:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>YAML (<code>---</code>):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb73"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb73-1"><a href="#cb73-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">---</span></span>
<span id="cb73-2"><a href="#cb73-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">title</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> About Front Matter</span></span>
<span id="cb73-3"><a href="#cb73-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">example</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb73-4"><a href="#cb73-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">language</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> yaml</span></span>
<span id="cb73-5"><a href="#cb73-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="pp">---</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
<li><p>TOML (<code>+++</code>):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb74"><pre
class="sourceCode toml"><code class="sourceCode toml"><span id="cb74-1"><a href="#cb74-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="er">+++</span></span>
<span id="cb74-2"><a href="#cb74-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">title</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">&quot;About Front Matter&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb74-3"><a href="#cb74-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">[example]</span></span>
<span id="cb74-4"><a href="#cb74-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">language</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">&quot;toml&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb74-5"><a href="#cb74-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="er">+++</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
<li><p>JSON (<code>;;;</code>):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb75"><pre
class="sourceCode json"><code class="sourceCode json"><span id="cb75-1"><a href="#cb75-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="er">;;;</span></span>
<span id="cb75-2"><a href="#cb75-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">{</span></span>
<span id="cb75-3"><a href="#cb75-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&quot;title&quot;</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">&quot;About Front Matter&quot;</span><span class="fu">,</span></span>
<span id="cb75-4"><a href="#cb75-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&quot;example&quot;</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="fu">{</span></span>
<span id="cb75-5"><a href="#cb75-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="dt">&quot;language&quot;</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">&quot;json&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb75-6"><a href="#cb75-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">}</span></span>
<span id="cb75-7"><a href="#cb75-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">}</span></span>
<span id="cb75-8"><a href="#cb75-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="er">;;;</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
</ul>
<p>Other languages are supported by adding a specifier to any of the
existing delimiters. For example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb76"><pre
class="sourceCode php"><code class="sourceCode php"><span id="cb76-1"><a href="#cb76-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="op">---</span>php</span>
<span id="cb76-2"><a href="#cb76-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="va">$title</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">&quot;About Front Matter&quot;</span><span class="ot">;</span></span>
<span id="cb76-3"><a href="#cb76-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="va">$example</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="dt">array</span>(</span>
<span id="cb76-4"><a href="#cb76-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="st">&#39;language&#39;</span> =&gt; <span class="st">&quot;php&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span></span>
<span id="cb76-5"><a href="#cb76-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>)<span class="ot">;</span></span>
<span id="cb76-6"><a href="#cb76-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="op">---</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h2 id="includes">Includes</h2>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/195798">Introduced</a>
in GitLab 17.7.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<p>Use includes, or include directives, to add the content of a document
inside another document.</p>
<p>For example, a book could be split into multiple chapters, and then
each chapter could be included in the main book document:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb77"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb77-1"><a href="#cb77-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>::include{file=chapter1.md}</span>
<span id="cb77-2"><a href="#cb77-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb77-3"><a href="#cb77-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>::include{file=chapter2.md}</span></code></pre></div>
<p>In GitLab, include directives are used only in Markdown files and
wiki pages, not the other places where Markdown formatting is
supported.</p>
<p>Use an include directive in a Markdown file:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb78"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb78-1"><a href="#cb78-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>::include{file=example_file.md}</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Use an include directive in a wiki page:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb79"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb79-1"><a href="#cb79-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>::include{file=example_page.md}</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Each <code>::include</code> must start at the beginning of a line,
and specifies a file or URL for <code>file=</code>. The content of the
specified file (or URL) is included at the position of the
<code>::include</code> and processed with the remaining Markdown.</p>
<p>Include directives inside the included file are ignored. For example,
if <code>file1</code> includes <code>file2</code>, and
<code>file2</code> includes <code>file3</code>, when <code>file1</code>
is processed, it doesn't have the contents of <code>file3</code>.</p>
<h3 id="include-limits">Include limits</h3>
<p>To guarantee good system performance and prevent malicious documents
from causing problems, GitLab enforces a maximum limit on the number of
include directives processed in a document. By default, a document can
have up to 32 include directives.</p>
<p>To customize the number of processed include directives,
administrators can change the <code>asciidoc_max_includes</code>
application setting with the <a
href="../api/settings.md#available-settings">application settings
API</a>.</p>
<h3 id="use-includes-from-external-urls">Use includes from external
URLs</h3>
<p>To use includes from separate wiki pages or external URLs,
administrators can enable the
<code>wiki_asciidoc_allow_uri_includes</code> <a
href="../administration/wikis/_index.md#allow-uri-includes-for-asciidoc">application
setting</a>.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb80"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb80-1"><a href="#cb80-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">&lt;!-- define application setting wiki_asciidoc_allow_uri_includes to true to allow content to be read from URI --&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb80-2"><a href="#cb80-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>::include{file=https://example.org/installation.md}</span></code></pre></div>
<h3 id="use-includes-in-code-blocks">Use includes in code blocks</h3>
<p>You can use the <code>::include</code> directive inside code blocks
to add content from files in your repository. For example, if your
repository contains a file <code>javascript_code.js</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb81"><pre
class="sourceCode javascript"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb81-1"><a href="#cb81-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">const</span> s <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">&quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb81-2"><a href="#cb81-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">alert</span>(s)<span class="op">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>You can include it in your Markdown file:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb82"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb82-1"><a href="#cb82-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">Our script contains:</span></span>
<span id="cb82-2"><a href="#cb82-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb82-3"><a href="#cb82-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```javascript</span></span>
<span id="cb82-4"><a href="#cb82-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="op">::</span>include{file<span class="op">=</span>javascript_code<span class="op">.</span><span class="at">js</span>}</span>
<span id="cb82-5"><a href="#cb82-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Our script contains:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb83"><pre
class="sourceCode javascript"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb83-1"><a href="#cb83-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">const</span> s <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">&quot;JavaScript syntax highlighting&quot;</span><span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb83-2"><a href="#cb83-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">alert</span>(s)<span class="op">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="placeholders">Placeholders</h2>
<p>{{&lt; history &gt;}}</p>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/14389">Introduced</a>
in GitLab 18.2 <a href="../administration/feature_flags/_index.md">with
a feature flag</a> named <code>markdown_placeholders</code>. Disabled by
default.</li>
</ul>
<p>{{&lt; /history &gt;}}</p>
<blockquote>
<p>[!flag] The availability of this feature is controlled by a feature
flag. For more information, see the history. This feature is available
for testing, but not ready for production use.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Placeholders can be used to display certain types of changeable data,
such as a project's title or latest tag. They are filled in each time
the Markdown is rendered.</p>
<p>The syntax is <code>%{PLACEHOLDER}</code>.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Placeholder</th>
<th>Example value</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>%{gitlab_server}</code></td>
<td><code>gitlab.com</code></td>
<td>Server of a project</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{gitlab_pages_domain}</code></td>
<td><code>pages.gitlab.com</code></td>
<td>Domain hosting GitLab Pages</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{project_path}</code></td>
<td><code>gitlab-org/gitlab</code></td>
<td>Path of a project including the parent groups</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{project_name}</code></td>
<td><code>gitlab</code></td>
<td>Name of a project</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{project_id}</code></td>
<td><code>278964</code></td>
<td>Database ID associated with a project</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{project_namespace}</code></td>
<td><code>gitlab-org</code></td>
<td>Project namespace of a project</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{project_title}</code></td>
<td><code>GitLab</code></td>
<td>Title of a project</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{group_name}</code></td>
<td><code>gitlab-org</code></td>
<td>Group of a project</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{default_branch}</code></td>
<td><code>main</code></td>
<td>Default branch name configured for a project's repository</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{current_ref}</code></td>
<td><code>feature-branch</code></td>
<td>Current ref (branch, tag, or commit SHA) being viewed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{commit_sha}</code></td>
<td><code>ad10e011ce65492322037633ebc054efde37b143</code></td>
<td>ID of the most recent commit to the default branch of a project's
repository</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>%{latest_tag}</code></td>
<td><code>v17.10.7-ee</code></td>
<td>Latest tag added to the project's repository</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="escape-characters">Escape characters</h2>
<p>Markdown reserves the following ASCII characters to format the
page:</p>
<pre class="plaintext"><code>! &quot; # $ % &amp; &#39; ( ) * + , - . / : ; &lt; = &gt; ? @ [ \ ] ^ _ ` { | } ~</code></pre>
<p>To use one of these reserved characters in your text, add the
backslash character (<code>\</code>) immediately before the reserved
character. When you place the backslash before a reserved character, the
Markdown parser omits the backslash and treats the reserved character as
regular text.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<pre class="plaintext"><code>\# Not a heading

| Food  | Do you like this food? (circle) |
|-------|---------------------------------|
| Pizza | Yes \| No                       |

\**Not bold, just italic text placed between some asterisks*\*</code></pre>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p># Not a heading</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Food</th>
<th>Do you like this food? (circle)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Pizza</td>
<td>Yes | No</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>*<em>Not bold, just italic text placed between some
asterisks</em>*</p>
</blockquote>
<p>A backslash doesn't always escape the character that follows it. The
backslash appears as regular text in the following cases:</p>
<ul>
<li>When the backslash appears before a non-reserved character, such as
<code>A</code>, <code>3</code>, or a space.</li>
<li>When the backslash appears inside of these Markdown elements:
<ul>
<li>Auto-links</li>
<li>Inline HTML, such as <code>&lt;kbd&gt;</code></li>
<li>Code blocks</li>
<li>Code spans</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>In these instances you might need to use the equivalent HTML entity,
such as <code>&amp;#93;</code> for <code>]</code>.</p>
<h3 id="use-additional-backticks">Use additional backticks</h3>
<p>The previous advice does not apply to code blocks or code spans,
where literal contents are always displayed. Instead, use additional
backticks to nest the code.</p>
<p>If you need to include three backticks in a code block, use a greater
number of backticks to create the code block:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb86"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb86-1"><a href="#cb86-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>To create a code block in Markdown, use three or more matching backticks:</span>
<span id="cb86-2"><a href="#cb86-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb86-3"><a href="#cb86-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">````markdown</span></span>
<span id="cb86-4"><a href="#cb86-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb86-5"><a href="#cb86-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">code</span></span>
<span id="cb86-6"><a href="#cb86-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb86-7"><a href="#cb86-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">````</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>To create a code block in Markdown, use three or more matching
backticks:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb87"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb87-1"><a href="#cb87-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb87-2"><a href="#cb87-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">code</span></span>
<span id="cb87-3"><a href="#cb87-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
</blockquote>
<p>To include one or more backticks in a code span, use a greater number
of matching backticks to create the code span. If the content begins and
ends with a space, those spaces are also trimmed:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb88"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb88-1"><a href="#cb88-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>To create a code span in Markdown, use matching backticks: `<span class="in">` `</span>hello, world` ``</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>To create a code span in Markdown, use matching backticks:
<code>`hello, world`</code></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="use-backslash-with-backticks">Use backslash with backticks</h3>
<p>When the backslash (<code>\</code>) character is at the end of an
inline code sample, the backslash can escape the last backtick. In this
case, add extra spaces around the inline code, for example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb89"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb89-1"><a href="#cb89-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Use the backslash <span class="in">` \ `</span> character to escape inline code that ends in a <span class="in">` backslash\ `</span>.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Use the backslash <code>\</code> character to escape inline code that
ends in a <code>backslash\</code>.</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h2>
<p>Footnotes add a link to a note rendered at the end of a Markdown
file.</p>
<p>To make a footnote, you need both a reference tag and a separate line
(anywhere in the file) with the note content.</p>
<p>Regardless of the tag names, the relative order of the reference tags
determines the rendered numbering.</p>
<p>Regardless where you put the note, it's always shown at the bottom of
the rendered file.</p>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>The rich text editor does not support inserting new footnotes. To
insert a new footnote, use the plain text editor. For more information,
see <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/365265">issue
365265</a>.</p>
</div>
<p>For example:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Referencing footnotes:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb90"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb90-1"><a href="#cb90-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>A footnote reference tag looks like this:<span class="ot">[^1]</span></span>
<span id="cb90-2"><a href="#cb90-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb90-3"><a href="#cb90-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This reference tag is a mix of letters and numbers. <span class="ot">[^footnote-42]</span></span></code></pre></div></li>
<li><p>Defining footnotes in a different part of the file:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb91"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb91-1"><a href="#cb91-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[^1]: </span>This text is inside a footnote.</span>
<span id="cb91-2"><a href="#cb91-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ot">[^footnote-42]: </span>This text is another footnote.</span></code></pre></div></li>
</ul>
<p>When rendered, footnotes look similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>A footnote reference tag looks like this:<a href="#fn1"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a></p>
<p>This reference tag is a mix of letters and numbers.<a href="#fn2"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref"><sup>2</sup></a></p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="inline-html">Inline HTML</h2>
<p>You can also use raw HTML in your Markdown, and it usually works
pretty well.</p>
<p>See the documentation for <code>HTML::Pipeline</code>'s <a
href="https://github.com/gjtorikian/html-pipeline/blob/v2.12.3/lib/html/pipeline/sanitization_filter.rb#L42">SanitizationFilter</a>
class for the list of allowed HTML tags and attributes. In addition to
the default <code>SanitizationFilter</code> allowlist, GitLab allows
<code>span</code>, <code>abbr</code>, <code>details</code> and
<code>summary</code> elements. <code>rel="license"</code> is allowed on
links to support the <a
href="https://microformats.org/wiki/rel-license">Rel-License
microformat</a> and license attribution.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb92"><pre
class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb92-1"><a href="#cb92-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">dl</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb92-2"><a href="#cb92-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">dt</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>Definition list<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">dt</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb92-3"><a href="#cb92-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">dd</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>Is something people use sometimes.<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">dd</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb92-4"><a href="#cb92-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb92-5"><a href="#cb92-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">dt</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>Markdown in HTML<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">dt</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb92-6"><a href="#cb92-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">dd</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>Does *not* work **very** well. HTML <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">em</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>tags<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">em</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span> do <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">b</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>work<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">b</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>, in most cases.<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">dd</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb92-7"><a href="#cb92-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">dl</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<dl>
  <dt>Definition list</dt>
  <dd>Is something people use sometimes.</dd>

  <dt>Markdown in HTML</dt>
  <dd>Does *not* work **very** well. HTML <em>tags</em> do <b>work</b>, in most cases.</dd>
</dl>

</blockquote>
<p>It's still possible to use Markdown inside HTML tags, but only if the
lines containing Markdown are separated into their own lines:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb93"><pre
class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb93-1"><a href="#cb93-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">dl</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb93-2"><a href="#cb93-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">dt</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>Markdown in HTML<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">dt</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb93-3"><a href="#cb93-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">dd</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb93-4"><a href="#cb93-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb93-5"><a href="#cb93-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  Does *not* work **very** well. HTML tags work, in most cases.</span>
<span id="cb93-6"><a href="#cb93-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb93-7"><a href="#cb93-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">dd</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb93-8"><a href="#cb93-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">dl</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<!--
The example below uses HTML to force correct rendering on docs.gitlab.com,
Markdown is fine in GitLab.
-->

<!-- markdownlint-disable MD027 -->

<blockquote>
<dl>
  <dt>Markdown in HTML</dt>

<p>Does <em>not</em> work <b>very</b> well. HTML tags work, in most
cases.</p>
  </dd>
</dl>

</blockquote>
<!-- markdownlint-enable MD027 -->

<h3 id="collapsible-section">Collapsible section</h3>
<p>Content can be collapsed using HTML's <a
href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/details"><code>&lt;details&gt;</code></a>
and <a
href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/summary"><code>&lt;summary&gt;</code></a>
tags. For example, collapse a long log file so it takes up less screen
space.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb94"><pre
class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb94-1"><a href="#cb94-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">details</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb94-2"><a href="#cb94-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">summary</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>Click to expand<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">summary</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb94-3"><a href="#cb94-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb94-4"><a href="#cb94-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>These details <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">em</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>remain<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">em</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span> <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">strong</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>hidden<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">strong</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span> until expanded.</span>
<span id="cb94-5"><a href="#cb94-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb94-6"><a href="#cb94-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">pre</span><span class="dt">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="kw">code</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>PASTE LOGS HERE<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">code</span><span class="dt">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="kw">pre</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb94-7"><a href="#cb94-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb94-8"><a href="#cb94-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">details</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<details>
<summary>Click to expand</summary>

<p>These details <em>remain</em> <strong>hidden</strong> until
expanded.</p>
<pre><code>PASTE LOGS HERE</code></pre>

</details>

</blockquote>
<hr />
<p>Markdown inside these tags is also supported.</p>
<p>Remember to leave a blank line before and after any Markdown
sections, as shown in the example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb95"><pre
class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb95-1"><a href="#cb95-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">details</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb95-2"><a href="#cb95-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">summary</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb95-3"><a href="#cb95-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb95-4"><a href="#cb95-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Click to _expand._</span>
<span id="cb95-5"><a href="#cb95-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb95-6"><a href="#cb95-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">summary</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb95-7"><a href="#cb95-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb95-8"><a href="#cb95-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>These details _remain_ **hidden** until expanded.</span>
<span id="cb95-9"><a href="#cb95-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb95-10"><a href="#cb95-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>```</span>
<span id="cb95-11"><a href="#cb95-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>PASTE LOGS HERE</span>
<span id="cb95-12"><a href="#cb95-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>```</span>
<span id="cb95-13"><a href="#cb95-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb95-14"><a href="#cb95-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">details</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<!--
The example below uses HTML to force correct rendering on docs.gitlab.com, Markdown
works correctly in GitLab.
-->

<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<details>
<summary>Click to <em>expand.</em></summary>

<p>These details <em>remain</em> <b>hidden</b> until expanded.</p>
<pre><code>PASTE LOGS HERE</code></pre>

</details>

</blockquote>
<h3 id="keyboard-html-tag">Keyboard HTML tag</h3>
<p>The <code>&lt;kbd&gt;</code> element is used to identify text that
represents user keyboard input. Text surrounded by
<code>&lt;kbd&gt;</code> tags is typically displayed in the browser's
default monospace font.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb96"><pre
class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb96-1"><a href="#cb96-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Press <span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">kbd</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>Enter<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">kbd</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span> to go to the next page.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Press <kbd>Enter</kbd> to go to the next page.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="superscripts-and-subscripts">Superscripts and subscripts</h3>
<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown doesn't support the Redcarpet superscript
syntax ( <code>x^2</code> ). For superscripts and subscripts, use the
standard HTML syntax:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb97"><pre
class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb97-1"><a href="#cb97-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>The formula for water is H<span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">sub</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>2<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">sub</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>O</span>
<span id="cb97-2"><a href="#cb97-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>while the equation for the theory of relativity is E = mc<span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">sup</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>2<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">sup</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>.</span></code></pre></div>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = NO -->

<p>When rendered, the example looks similar to:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The formula for water is H<sub>2</sub>O while the equation for the
theory of relativity is E = mc<sup>2</sup>.</p>
</blockquote>
<!-- vale gitlab_base.Spelling = YES -->

<p>GitLab Flavored Markdown doesn't support the Redcarpet superscript
syntax ( <code>x^2</code> ).</p>
<h3 id="html-comments">HTML comments</h3>
<p>You can use HTML comments in GitLab Flavored Markdown to add notes or
explanations that aren't visible in the rendered output.</p>
<p>Use HTML comments to:</p>
<ul>
<li>Add notes for other contributors.</li>
<li>Temporarily hide content without deleting it.</li>
<li>Provide context or explanations that shouldn't appear in the final
document.</li>
<li>Add metadata or processing instructions.</li>
</ul>
<p>When using HTML comments, you should:</p>
<ul>
<li>Use them sparingly to avoid cluttering the source.</li>
<li>Keep them concise and relevant.</li>
<li>Use them for temporary notes rather than permanent
documentation.</li>
<li>Avoid including sensitive or confidential information. HTML comments
are visible to anyone who can view the Markdown source.</li>
</ul>
<p>HTML comments use the standard HTML syntax
<code>&lt;!-- comment text --&gt;</code> and can span single or multiple
lines:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb98"><pre
class="sourceCode html"><code class="sourceCode html"><span id="cb98-1"><a href="#cb98-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">&lt;!-- This is a single-line comment --&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb98-2"><a href="#cb98-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb98-3"><a href="#cb98-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">&lt;!--</span></span>
<span id="cb98-4"><a href="#cb98-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">This is a multi-line comment</span></span>
<span id="cb98-5"><a href="#cb98-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">that spans several lines</span></span>
<span id="cb98-6"><a href="#cb98-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">and won&#39;t be visible in the rendered output</span></span>
<span id="cb98-7"><a href="#cb98-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">--&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb98-8"><a href="#cb98-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb98-9"><a href="#cb98-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This text is visible.</span>
<span id="cb98-10"><a href="#cb98-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">&lt;!-- This comment between paragraphs is hidden --&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb98-11"><a href="#cb98-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This text is also visible.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>When rendered, only the visible text appears:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This text is visible.</p>
<p>This text is also visible.</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="comments-in-code-blocks">Comments in code blocks</h4>
<p>HTML comments inside code blocks are treated as literal text and are
displayed:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb99"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb99-1"><a href="#cb99-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```html</span></span>
<span id="cb99-2"><a href="#cb99-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">&lt;!-- This comment will be visible in the code block --&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb99-3"><a href="#cb99-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">&lt;</span><span class="kw">div</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span>Content<span class="dt">&lt;/</span><span class="kw">div</span><span class="dt">&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb99-4"><a href="#cb99-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span></code></pre></div>
<section id="footnotes" class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document"
role="doc-endnotes">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>This text is inside a footnote.<a href="#fnref1"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn2"><p>This text is another footnote.<a href="#fnref2"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</section>
</body></html>
Uses the shared Markdown reader; the Markdown reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 137/137 checked-in Markdown/native pairs including GFM profile fixtures.

html

4 samples
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
<meta name="generator" content="pandoc" />
<style type="text/css">
div.pandocNote { border-left: 1px solid grey; padding-left: 1em; }
span.pandocNoteRef { vertical-align: super; font-size: 80%; }
span.pandocNoteMarker { }
</style>
<title>Pandoc Test Suite</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="title">Pandoc Test Suite</h1>
<p>This is a set of tests for pandoc. Most of them are adapted from John Gruber's markdown test suite.</p>
<hr />
<h1>Headers</h1>
<h2>Level 2 with an <a href="/url">embedded link</a></h2>
<h3>Level 3 with <em>emphasis</em></h3>
<h4>Level 4</h4>
<h5>Level 5</h5>
<h1>Level 1</h1>
<h2>Level 2 with <em>emphasis</em></h2>
<h3>Level 3</h3>
<p>with no blank line</p>
<h2>Level 2</h2>
<p>with no blank line</p>
<hr />
<h1>Paragraphs</h1>
<p>Here's a regular paragraph.</p>
<p>In Markdown 1.0.0 and earlier. Version 8. This line turns into a list item. Because a hard-wrapped line in the middle of a paragraph looked like a list item.</p>
<p>Here's one with a bullet. * criminey.</p>
<p>There should be a hard line break<br />
 here.</p>
<hr />
<h1>Block Quotes</h1>
<p>E-mail style:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This is a block quote. It is pretty short.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>Code in a block quote:</p>
<pre><code>sub status {
    print "working";
}
</code></pre>
<p>A list:</p>
<ol>
<li>item one</li>
<li>item two</li>
</ol>
<p>Nested block quotes:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>nested</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>nested</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p>This should not be a block quote: 2 &gt; 1.</p>
<p>Box-style:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Example:</p>
<pre><code>sub status {
    print "working";
}
</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li>do laundry</li>
<li>take out the trash</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>Here's a nested one:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Joe said:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Don't quote me.</p>
</blockquote>
...

Download original file

HTML fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="pandoc-test-suite" class="title">Pandoc Test Suite</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is a set of tests for pandoc. Most of them are adapted from John Gruber&#039;s markdown test suite.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="headers">Headers</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="level-2-with-an-embedded-link">Level 2 with an <a href="/url">embedded link</a></h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="level-3-with-emphasis">Level 3 with <em>emphasis</em></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="level-4">Level 4</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="level-5">Level 5</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="level-1">Level 1</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="level-2-with-emphasis">Level 2 with <em>emphasis</em></h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="level-3">Level 3</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>with no blank line</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="level-2">Level 2</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>with no blank line</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="paragraphs">Paragraphs</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a regular paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Markdown 1.0.0 and earlier. Version 8. This line turns into a list item. Because a hard-wrapped line in the middle of a paragraph looked like a list item.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s one with a bullet. * criminey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There should be a hard line break<br/>here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="block-quotes">Block Quotes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>E-mail style:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>This is a block quote. It is pretty short.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Code in a block quote:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre><p>A list:</p><ol><li>item one</li><li>item two</li></ol><p>Nested block quotes:</p><blockquote><p>nested</p></blockquote><blockquote><p>nested</p></blockquote></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This should not be a block quote: 2 &gt; 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Box-style:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Example:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><ol><li>do laundry</li><li>take out the trash</li></ol></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a nested one:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Joe said:</p><blockquote><p>Don&#039;t quote me.</p></blockquote></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And a following paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="inline-quotes">Inline quotes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Normal text but then a “<span cite="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0062622/quotes/qt0396921">inline quote</span>”.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>“Missing a cite attribute means its just normal text”</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="code-blocks">Code Blocks</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Code:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---- (should be four hyphens)

sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}

this code block is indented by one tab</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>    this code block is indented by two tabs

These should not be escaped:  \$ \\ \&gt; \[ \{</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="lists">Lists</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="unordered">Unordered</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Asterisks tight:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>asterisk 1</li><li>asterisk 2</li><li>asterisk 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Asterisks loose:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>asterisk 1</li><li>asterisk 2</li><li>asterisk 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pluses tight:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Plus 1</li><li>Plus 2</li><li>Plus 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pluses loose:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Plus 1</li><li>Plus 2</li><li>Plus 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Minuses tight:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Minus 1</li><li>Minus 2</li><li>Minus 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Minuses loose:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Minus 1</li><li>Minus 2</li><li>Minus 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="ordered">Ordered</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tight:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>First</li><li>Second</li><li>Third</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>and:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>One</li><li>Two</li><li>Three</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Loose using tabs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>First</li><li>Second</li><li>Third</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>and using spaces:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>One</li><li>Two</li><li>Three</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Multiple paragraphs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><p>Item 1, graf one.</p><p>Item 1. graf two. The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog&#039;s back.</p></li><li>Item 2.</li><li>Item 3.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>List styles:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="i"></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="i"></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="i"></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="i"></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="nested">Nested</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Tab<ul><li>Tab<ul><li>Tab</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s another:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>First</li><li>Second:<ul><li>Fee</li><li>Fie</li><li>Foe</li></ul></li><li>Third</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Same thing but with paragraphs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>First</li><li>Second:<ul><li>Fee</li><li>Fie</li><li>Foe</li></ul></li><li>Third</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tabs-and-spaces">Tabs and spaces</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>this is a list item indented with tabs</li><li>this is a list item indented with spaces<ul><li>this is an example list item indented with tabs</li><li>this is an example list item indented with spaces</li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="fancy-list-markers">Fancy list markers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":2} -->
<ol start="2"><li>begins with 2</li><li><p>and now 3</p><p>with a continuation</p><ol start="4" type="i"><li>sublist with roman numerals, starting with 4</li><li>more items<ol type="A"><li>a subsublist</li><li>a subsublist</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nesting:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="A"><li>Upper Alpha<ol type="I"><li>Upper Roman.<ol start="6"><li>Decimal start with 6<ol start="3" type="a"><li>Lower alpha with paren</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Autonumbering:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Autonumber.</li><li>More.<ol><li>Nested.</li></ol></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="definition">Definition</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Violin</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Stringed musical instrument.</li><li>Torture device.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Cello<br/>Violoncello</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Low-voiced stringed instrument.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="inline-markup">Inline Markup</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is <em>emphasized</em>, and so <em>is this</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is <strong>strong</strong>, and so <strong>is this</strong>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Empty <strong></strong> and <em></em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An <em><a href="/url">emphasized link</a></em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is code: <code>&gt;</code>, <code>$</code>, <code>\</code>, <code>\$</code>, <code>&lt;html&gt;</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is <span style="font-variant:small-caps">small caps</span>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These are all underlined: <u>foo</u> and <u>bar</u>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These are all strikethrough: <del>foo</del>, <del>bar</del>, and <del>baz</del>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="smart-quotes-ellipses-dashes">Smart quotes, ellipses, dashes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Hello,&quot; said the spider. &quot;&#039;Shelob&#039; is my name.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&#039;A&#039;, &#039;B&#039;, and &#039;C&#039; are letters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&#039;Oak,&#039; &#039;elm,&#039; and &#039;beech&#039; are names of trees. So is &#039;pine.&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&#039;He said, &quot;I want to go.&quot;&#039; Were you alive in the 70&#039;s?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is some quoted &#039;<code>code</code>&#039; and a &quot;<a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">quoted link</a>&quot;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some dashes: one---two --- three--four -- five.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dashes between numbers: 5-7, 255-66, 1987-1999.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ellipses...and. . .and . . . .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="latex">LaTeX</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>\cite[22-23]{smith.1899}</li><li>\doublespacing</li><li>$2+2=4$</li><li>$x \in y$</li><li>$\alpha \wedge \omega$</li><li>$223$</li><li>$p$-Tree</li><li>$\frac{d}{dx}f(x)=\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}$</li><li>Here&#039;s one that has a line break in it: $\alpha + \omega \times x^2$.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These shouldn&#039;t be math:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>To get the famous equation, write <code>$e = mc^2$</code>.</li><li>$22,000 is a <em>lot</em> of money. So is $34,000. (It worked if &quot;lot&quot; is emphasized.)</li><li>Escaped <code>$</code>: $73 <em>this should be emphasized</em> 23$.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a LaTeX table:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline Animal &amp; Number \\ \hline Dog &amp; 2 \\ Cat &amp; 1 \\ \hline \end{tabular}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="special-characters">Special Characters</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is some unicode:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>I hat: Î</li><li>o umlaut: ö</li><li>section: §</li><li>set membership: ∈</li><li>copyright: ©</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>AT&amp;T has an ampersand in their name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>AT&amp;T is another way to write it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This &amp; that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>4 &lt; 5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>6 &gt; 5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Backslash: \</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Backtick: `</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Asterisk: *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Underscore: _</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Left brace: {</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Right brace: }</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Left bracket: [</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Right bracket: ]</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Left paren: (</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Right paren: )</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Greater-than: &gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hash: #</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Period: .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bang: !</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Plus: +</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Minus: -</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="links">Links</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="explicit">Explicit</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Just a <a href="/url/">URL</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/" title="title">URL and title</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/" title="title preceded by two spaces">URL and title</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/" title="title preceded by a tab">URL and title</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/" title="title with &quot;quotes&quot; in it">URL and title</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/" title="title with single quotes">URL and title</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Email link (nobody [at] nowhere.net)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="">Empty</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="reference">Reference</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With <a href="/url/">embedded [brackets]</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/">b</a> by itself should be a link.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indented <a href="/url">once</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indented <a href="/url">twice</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indented <a href="/url">thrice</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This should [not] be a link.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[not]: /url</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foo <a href="/url/" title="Title with &quot;quotes&quot; inside">bar</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foo <a href="/url/" title="Title with &quot;quote&quot; inside">biz</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="with-ampersands">With ampersands</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">link with an ampersand in the URL</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a link with an amersand in the link text: <a href="http://att.com/" title="AT&amp;T">AT&amp;T</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link in pointy braces</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="autolinks">Autolinks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With an ampersand: <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>In a list?</li><li><a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></li><li>It should.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An e-mail address: nobody [at] nowhere.net</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Blockquoted: <a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Auto-links should not occur here: <code>&lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>or here: &lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="images">Images</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From &quot;Voyage dans la Lune&quot; by Georges Melies (1902):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="lalune.jpg" alt="lalune" title="Voyage dans la Lune"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is a movie <img src="movie.jpg" alt="movie"/> icon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is a footnote reference<a href="#note_1" id="ref_1">(1)</a>, and another<a href="#note_longnote" id="ref_longnote">(longnote)</a>. This should <em>not</em> be a footnote reference, because it contains a space^(my note).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="#ref_1" id="note_1">(1)</a> Here is the footnote. It can go anywhere in the document, not just at the end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="#ref_longnote" id="note_longnote">(longnote)</a> Here&#039;s the other note. This one contains multiple blocks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Caret characters are used to indicate that the blocks all belong to a single footnote (as with block quotes).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>  { &lt;code&gt; }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you want, you can use a caret at the beginning of every line, as with blockquotes, but all that you need is a caret at the beginning of the first line of the block and any preceding blank lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text <em>Leading space</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Trailing space</em> text</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text <em>Leading spaces</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Trailing spaces</em> text</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="tables">Tables</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tables-with-headers">Tables with Headers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Row headers</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th>1</th><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><th>4</th><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th>1</th><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Details</td></tr></tbody><tfoot><tr><th>4</th><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tfoot></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Details</td></tr></tbody><tfoot><tr><th>4</th><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tfoot></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td><p>2</p></td><td>3</td></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tables-without-headers">Tables without Headers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>tbody tags omitted</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>empty head</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>explicit body and foot</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr></tbody><tfoot><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tfoot></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="colspans-and-rowspans">Colspans and Rowspans</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td colspan="2">1 and 2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">4, 5, and 6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="3">Numbers</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td rowspan="2">1 and 4</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="attributes">Attributes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table id="attrib-test-table"><thead class="table-head"><tr class="table-head-row"><th abbr="x" colspan="3">Cat X</th></tr></thead><tbody class="main" data-part="body"><tr data-part="row"><td data-part="cell">1</td><td valign="bottom">2</td><td style="color: #151950">3</td></tr></tbody><tfoot class="summary"><tr bgcolor="#ccc"><td data-square="true">4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tfoot></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tag-omission">Tag omission</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>thead, tbody, and tfoot</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr></tbody><tfoot><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tfoot></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="empty-tables">Empty Tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This section should be empty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="pandoc-test-suite" class="title">Pandoc Test Suite</h1>
<p>This is a set of tests for pandoc. Most of them are adapted from John Gruber&#039;s markdown test suite.</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="headers">Headers</h1>
<h2 id="level-2-with-an-embedded-link">Level 2 with an <a href="/url">embedded link</a></h2>
<h3 id="level-3-with-emphasis">Level 3 with <em>emphasis</em></h3>
<h4 id="level-4">Level 4</h4>
<h5 id="level-5">Level 5</h5>
<h1 id="level-1">Level 1</h1>
<h2 id="level-2-with-emphasis">Level 2 with <em>emphasis</em></h2>
<h3 id="level-3">Level 3</h3>
<p>with no blank line</p>
<h2 id="level-2">Level 2</h2>
<p>with no blank line</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="paragraphs">Paragraphs</h1>
<p>Here&#039;s a regular paragraph.</p>
<p>In Markdown 1.0.0 and earlier. Version 8. This line turns into a list item. Because a hard-wrapped line in the middle of a paragraph looked like a list item.</p>
<p>Here&#039;s one with a bullet. * criminey.</p>
<p>There should be a hard line break<br />
here.</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="block-quotes">Block Quotes</h1>
<p>E-mail style:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This is a block quote. It is pretty short.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>Code in a block quote:</p>
<pre><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre>
<p>A list:</p>
<ol>
<li>item one</li>
<li>item two</li>
</ol>
<p>Nested block quotes:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>nested</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>nested</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p>This should not be a block quote: 2 &gt; 1.</p>
<p>Box-style:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Example:</p>
<pre><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li>do laundry</li>
<li>take out the trash</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>Here&#039;s a nested one:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Joe said:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Don&#039;t quote me.</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p>And a following paragraph.</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="inline-quotes">Inline quotes</h1>
<p>Normal text but then a “<span cite="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0062622/quotes/qt0396921">inline quote</span>”.</p>
<p>“Missing a cite attribute means its just normal text”</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="code-blocks">Code Blocks</h1>
<p>Code:</p>
<pre><code>---- (should be four hyphens)

sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}

this code block is indented by one tab</code></pre>
<p>And:</p>
<pre><code>    this code block is indented by two tabs

These should not be escaped:  \$ \\ \&gt; \[ \{</code></pre>
<hr />
<h1 id="lists">Lists</h1>
<h2 id="unordered">Unordered</h2>
<p>Asterisks tight:</p>
<ul>
<li>asterisk 1</li>
<li>asterisk 2</li>
<li>asterisk 3</li>
</ul>
<p>Asterisks loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>asterisk 1</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 2</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Pluses tight:</p>
<ul>
<li>Plus 1</li>
<li>Plus 2</li>
<li>Plus 3</li>
</ul>
<p>Pluses loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Plus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Minuses tight:</p>
<ul>
<li>Minus 1</li>
<li>Minus 2</li>
<li>Minus 3</li>
</ul>
<p>Minuses loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Minus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="ordered">Ordered</h2>
<p>Tight:</p>
<ol>
<li>First</li>
<li>Second</li>
<li>Third</li>
</ol>
<p>and:</p>
<ol>
<li>One</li>
<li>Two</li>
<li>Three</li>
</ol>
<p>Loose using tabs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second</p></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<p>and using spaces:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>One</p></li>
<li><p>Two</p></li>
<li><p>Three</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Multiple paragraphs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Item 1, graf one.</p>
<p>Item 1. graf two. The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog&#039;s back.</p></li>
<li><p>Item 2.</p></li>
<li><p>Item 3.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>List styles:</p>
<ol>
</ol>
<ol type="i">
</ol>
<ol type="i">
</ol>
<ol>
</ol>
<ol type="i">
</ol>
<ol type="i">
</ol>
<h2 id="nested">Nested</h2>
<ul>
<li>Tab
<ul>
<li>Tab
<ul>
<li>Tab</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>Here&#039;s another:</p>
<ol>
<li>First</li>
<li>Second:
<ul>
<li>Fee</li>
<li>Fie</li>
<li>Foe</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Third</li>
</ol>
<p>Same thing but with paragraphs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second:</p>
<ul>
<li>Fee</li>
<li>Fie</li>
<li>Foe</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="tabs-and-spaces">Tabs and spaces</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>this is a list item indented with tabs</p></li>
<li><p>this is a list item indented with spaces</p>
<ul>
<li><p>this is an example list item indented with tabs</p></li>
<li><p>this is an example list item indented with spaces</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="fancy-list-markers">Fancy list markers</h2>
<ol start="2" type="1">
<li>begins with 2</li>
<li><p>and now 3</p>
<p>with a continuation</p>
<ol start="4" type="i">
<li>sublist with roman numerals, starting with 4</li>
<li>more items
<ol type="A">
<li>a subsublist</li>
<li>a subsublist</li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Nesting:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>Upper Alpha
<ol type="I">
<li>Upper Roman.
<ol start="6" type="1">
<li>Decimal start with 6
<ol start="3" type="a">
<li>Lower alpha with paren</li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Autonumbering:</p>
<ol>
<li>Autonumber.</li>
<li>More.
<ol>
<li>Nested.</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<hr />
<h2 id="definition">Definition</h2>
<dl>
<dt>Violin</dt>
<dd>
Stringed musical instrument.
</dd>
<dd>
Torture device.
</dd>
<dt>Cello<br />
Violoncello</dt>
<dd>
Low-voiced stringed instrument.
</dd>
</dl>
<hr />
<h1 id="inline-markup">Inline Markup</h1>
<p>This is <em>emphasized</em>, and so <em>is this</em>.</p>
<p>This is <strong>strong</strong>, and so <strong>is this</strong>.</p>
<p>Empty <strong></strong> and <em></em>.</p>
<p>An <em><a href="/url">emphasized link</a></em>.</p>
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<p>This is code: <code>&gt;</code>, <code>$</code>, <code>\</code>, <code>\$</code>, <code>&lt;html&gt;</code>.</p>
<p>This is <span class="smallcaps">small caps</span>.</p>
<p>These are all underlined: <u>foo</u> and <u>bar</u>.</p>
<p>These are all strikethrough: <del>foo</del>, <del>bar</del>, and <del>baz</del>.</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="smart-quotes-ellipses-dashes">Smart quotes, ellipses, dashes</h1>
<p>&quot;Hello,&quot; said the spider. &quot;&#039;Shelob&#039; is my name.&quot;</p>
<p>&#039;A&#039;, &#039;B&#039;, and &#039;C&#039; are letters.</p>
<p>&#039;Oak,&#039; &#039;elm,&#039; and &#039;beech&#039; are names of trees. So is &#039;pine.&#039;</p>
<p>&#039;He said, &quot;I want to go.&quot;&#039; Were you alive in the 70&#039;s?</p>
<p>Here is some quoted &#039;<code>code</code>&#039; and a &quot;<a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">quoted link</a>&quot;.</p>
<p>Some dashes: one---two --- three--four -- five.</p>
<p>Dashes between numbers: 5-7, 255-66, 1987-1999.</p>
<p>Ellipses...and. . .and . . . .</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="latex">LaTeX</h1>
<ul>
<li>\cite[22-23]{smith.1899}</li>
<li>\doublespacing</li>
<li>$2+2=4$</li>
<li>$x \in y$</li>
<li>$\alpha \wedge \omega$</li>
<li>$223$</li>
<li>$p$-Tree</li>
<li>$\frac{d}{dx}f(x)=\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}$</li>
<li>Here&#039;s one that has a line break in it: $\alpha + \omega \times x^2$.</li>
</ul>
<p>These shouldn&#039;t be math:</p>
<ul>
<li>To get the famous equation, write <code>$e = mc^2$</code>.</li>
<li>$22,000 is a <em>lot</em> of money. So is $34,000. (It worked if &quot;lot&quot; is emphasized.)</li>
<li>Escaped <code>$</code>: $73 <em>this should be emphasized</em> 23$.</li>
</ul>
<p>Here&#039;s a LaTeX table:</p>
<p>\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline Animal &amp; Number \\ \hline Dog &amp; 2 \\ Cat &amp; 1 \\ \hline \end{tabular}</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="special-characters">Special Characters</h1>
<p>Here is some unicode:</p>
<ul>
<li>I hat: Î</li>
<li>o umlaut: ö</li>
<li>section: §</li>
<li>set membership: ∈</li>
<li>copyright: ©</li>
</ul>
<p>AT&amp;T has an ampersand in their name.</p>
<p>AT&amp;T is another way to write it.</p>
<p>This &amp; that.</p>
<p>4 &lt; 5.</p>
<p>6 &gt; 5.</p>
<p>Backslash: \</p>
<p>Backtick: `</p>
<p>Asterisk: *</p>
<p>Underscore: _</p>
<p>Left brace: {</p>
<p>Right brace: }</p>
<p>Left bracket: [</p>
<p>Right bracket: ]</p>
<p>Left paren: (</p>
<p>Right paren: )</p>
<p>Greater-than: &gt;</p>
<p>Hash: #</p>
<p>Period: .</p>
<p>Bang: !</p>
<p>Plus: +</p>
<p>Minus: -</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="links">Links</h1>
<h2 id="explicit">Explicit</h2>
<p>Just a <a href="/url/">URL</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title">URL and title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title preceded by two spaces">URL and title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title preceded by a tab">URL and title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title with &quot;quotes&quot; in it">URL and title</a></p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title with single quotes">URL and title</a></p>
<p>Email link (nobody [at] nowhere.net)</p>
<p><a href="">Empty</a>.</p>
<h2 id="reference">Reference</h2>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>With <a href="/url/">embedded [brackets]</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/">b</a> by itself should be a link.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">once</a>.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">twice</a>.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">thrice</a>.</p>
<p>This should [not] be a link.</p>
<pre><code>[not]: /url</code></pre>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/" title="Title with &quot;quotes&quot; inside">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/" title="Title with &quot;quote&quot; inside">biz</a>.</p>
<h2 id="with-ampersands">With ampersands</h2>
<p>Here&#039;s a <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">link with an ampersand in the URL</a>.</p>
<p>Here&#039;s a link with an amersand in the link text: <a href="http://att.com/" title="AT&amp;T">AT&amp;T</a>.</p>
<p>Here&#039;s an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link</a>.</p>
<p>Here&#039;s an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link in pointy braces</a>.</p>
<h2 id="autolinks">Autolinks</h2>
<p>With an ampersand: <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2</a></p>
<ul>
<li>In a list?</li>
<li><a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></li>
<li>It should.</li>
</ul>
<p>An e-mail address: nobody [at] nowhere.net</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Blockquoted: <a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>Auto-links should not occur here: <code>&lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></p>
<pre><code>or here: &lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></pre>
<hr />
<h1 id="images">Images</h1>
<p>From &quot;Voyage dans la Lune&quot; by Georges Melies (1902):</p>
<p><img src="lalune.jpg" title="Voyage dans la Lune" alt="lalune" /></p>
<p>Here is a movie <img src="movie.jpg" alt="movie" /> icon.</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h1>
<p>Here is a footnote reference<a href="#note_1" id="ref_1">(1)</a>, and another<a href="#note_longnote" id="ref_longnote">(longnote)</a>. This should <em>not</em> be a footnote reference, because it contains a space^(my note).</p>
<p><a href="#ref_1" id="note_1">(1)</a> Here is the footnote. It can go anywhere in the document, not just at the end.</p>
<p><a href="#ref_longnote" id="note_longnote">(longnote)</a> Here&#039;s the other note. This one contains multiple blocks.</p>
<p>Caret characters are used to indicate that the blocks all belong to a single footnote (as with block quotes).</p>
<pre><code>  { &lt;code&gt; }</code></pre>
<p>If you want, you can use a caret at the beginning of every line, as with blockquotes, but all that you need is a caret at the beginning of the first line of the block and any preceding blank lines.</p>
<p>text <em>Leading space</em></p>
<p><em>Trailing space</em> text</p>
<p>text <em>Leading spaces</em></p>
<p><em>Trailing spaces</em> text</p>
<h1 id="tables">Tables</h1>
<h2 id="tables-with-headers">Tables with Headers</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<p>Row headers</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><th>1</th><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><th>4</th><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><th>1</th><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3">Details</td></tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr><th>4</th><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3">Details</td></tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr><th>4</th><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td><p>2</p></td><td>3</td></tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="tables-without-headers">Tables without Headers</h2>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<p>tbody tags omitted</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<p>empty head</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<p>explicit body and foot</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
<h2 id="colspans-and-rowspans">Colspans and Rowspans</h2>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td colspan="2">1 and 2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3">4, 5, and 6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="3">Numbers</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td rowspan="2">1 and 4</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="attributes">Attributes</h2>
<table id="attrib-test-table">
<thead class="table-head">
<tr class="table-head-row"><th abbr="x" colspan="3">Cat X</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="main" part="body" data-part="body">
<tr part="row" data-part="row"><td part="cell" data-part="cell">1</td><td valign="bottom">2</td><td style="color: #151950">3</td></tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot class="summary">
<tr bgcolor="#ccc"><td square="true" data-square="true">4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
<h2 id="tag-omission">Tag omission</h2>
<p>thead, tbody, and tfoot</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
<h2 id="empty-tables">Empty Tables</h2>
<p>This section should be empty.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 class="title" id="pandoc-test-suite">Pandoc Test Suite</h1>
<p>This is a set of tests for pandoc. Most of them are adapted from John
Gruber's markdown test suite.</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="headers">Headers</h1>
<h2 id="level-2-with-an-embedded-link">Level 2 with an <a
href="/url">embedded link</a></h2>
<h3 id="level-3-with-emphasis">Level 3 with <em>emphasis</em></h3>
<h4 id="level-4">Level 4</h4>
<h5 id="level-5">Level 5</h5>
<h1 id="level-1">Level 1</h1>
<h2 id="level-2-with-emphasis">Level 2 with <em>emphasis</em></h2>
<h3 id="level-3">Level 3</h3>
<p>with no blank line</p>
<h2 id="level-2">Level 2</h2>
<p>with no blank line</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="paragraphs">Paragraphs</h1>
<p>Here's a regular paragraph.</p>
<p>In Markdown 1.0.0 and earlier. Version 8. This line turns into a list
item. Because a hard-wrapped line in the middle of a paragraph looked
like a list item.</p>
<p>Here's one with a bullet. * criminey.</p>
<p>There should be a hard line break<br />
here.</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="block-quotes">Block Quotes</h1>
<p>E-mail style:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This is a block quote. It is pretty short.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>Code in a block quote:</p>
<pre><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre>
<p>A list:</p>
<ol>
<li>item one</li>
<li>item two</li>
</ol>
<p>Nested block quotes:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>nested</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>nested</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p>This should not be a block quote: 2 &gt; 1.</p>
<p>Box-style:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Example:</p>
<pre><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li>do laundry</li>
<li>take out the trash</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>Here's a nested one:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Joe said:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Don't quote me.</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p>And a following paragraph.</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="inline-quotes">Inline quotes</h1>
<p>Normal text but then a “<span
cite="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0062622/quotes/qt0396921">inline
quote</span>”.</p>
<p>“Missing a cite attribute means its just normal text”</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="code-blocks">Code Blocks</h1>
<p>Code:</p>
<pre><code>---- (should be four hyphens)

sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}

this code block is indented by one tab</code></pre>
<p>And:</p>
<pre><code>    this code block is indented by two tabs

These should not be escaped:  \$ \\ \&gt; \[ \{</code></pre>
<hr />
<h1 id="lists">Lists</h1>
<h2 id="unordered">Unordered</h2>
<p>Asterisks tight:</p>
<ul>
<li>asterisk 1</li>
<li>asterisk 2</li>
<li>asterisk 3</li>
</ul>
<p>Asterisks loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>asterisk 1</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 2</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Pluses tight:</p>
<ul>
<li>Plus 1</li>
<li>Plus 2</li>
<li>Plus 3</li>
</ul>
<p>Pluses loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Plus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Minuses tight:</p>
<ul>
<li>Minus 1</li>
<li>Minus 2</li>
<li>Minus 3</li>
</ul>
<p>Minuses loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Minus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="ordered">Ordered</h2>
<p>Tight:</p>
<ol>
<li>First</li>
<li>Second</li>
<li>Third</li>
</ol>
<p>and:</p>
<ol>
<li>One</li>
<li>Two</li>
<li>Three</li>
</ol>
<p>Loose using tabs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second</p></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<p>and using spaces:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>One</p></li>
<li><p>Two</p></li>
<li><p>Three</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Multiple paragraphs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Item 1, graf one.</p>
<p>Item 1. graf two. The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog's
back.</p></li>
<li><p>Item 2.</p></li>
<li><p>Item 3.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>List styles:</p>
<ol>
</ol>
<ol type="i">
</ol>
<ol type="i">
</ol>
<ol>
</ol>
<ol type="i">
</ol>
<ol type="i">
</ol>
<h2 id="nested">Nested</h2>
<ul>
<li>Tab
<ul>
<li>Tab
<ul>
<li>Tab</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>Here's another:</p>
<ol>
<li>First</li>
<li>Second:
<ul>
<li>Fee</li>
<li>Fie</li>
<li>Foe</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Third</li>
</ol>
<p>Same thing but with paragraphs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second:</p>
<ul>
<li>Fee</li>
<li>Fie</li>
<li>Foe</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="tabs-and-spaces">Tabs and spaces</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>this is a list item indented with tabs</p></li>
<li><p>this is a list item indented with spaces</p>
<ul>
<li><p>this is an example list item indented with tabs</p></li>
<li><p>this is an example list item indented with spaces</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="fancy-list-markers">Fancy list markers</h2>
<ol start="2" type="1">
<li>begins with 2</li>
<li><p>and now 3</p>
<p>with a continuation</p>
<ol start="4" type="i">
<li>sublist with roman numerals, starting with 4</li>
<li>more items
<ol type="A">
<li>a subsublist</li>
<li>a subsublist</li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Nesting:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>Upper Alpha
<ol type="I">
<li>Upper Roman.
<ol start="6" type="1">
<li>Decimal start with 6
<ol start="3" type="a">
<li>Lower alpha with paren</li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Autonumbering:</p>
<ol>
<li>Autonumber.</li>
<li>More.
<ol>
<li>Nested.</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<hr />
<h2 id="definition">Definition</h2>
<dl>
<dt>Violin</dt>
<dd>
Stringed musical instrument.
</dd>
<dd>
Torture device.
</dd>
<dt>Cello<br />
Violoncello</dt>
<dd>
Low-voiced stringed instrument.
</dd>
</dl>
<hr />
<h1 id="inline-markup">Inline Markup</h1>
<p>This is <em>emphasized</em>, and so <em>is this</em>.</p>
<p>This is <strong>strong</strong>, and so <strong>is this</strong>.</p>
<p>Empty <strong></strong> and <em></em>.</p>
<p>An <em><a href="/url">emphasized link</a></em>.</p>
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<p>This is code: <code>&gt;</code>, <code>$</code>, <code>\</code>,
<code>\$</code>, <code>&lt;html&gt;</code>.</p>
<p>This is <span class="smallcaps">small caps</span>.</p>
<p>These are all underlined: <u>foo</u> and <u>bar</u>.</p>
<p>These are all strikethrough: <del>foo</del>, <del>bar</del>, and
<del>baz</del>.</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="smart-quotes-ellipses-dashes">Smart quotes, ellipses,
dashes</h1>
<p>"Hello," said the spider. "'Shelob' is my name."</p>
<p>'A', 'B', and 'C' are letters.</p>
<p>'Oak,' 'elm,' and 'beech' are names of trees. So is 'pine.'</p>
<p>'He said, "I want to go."' Were you alive in the 70's?</p>
<p>Here is some quoted '<code>code</code>' and a "<a
href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">quoted link</a>".</p>
<p>Some dashes: one---two --- three--four -- five.</p>
<p>Dashes between numbers: 5-7, 255-66, 1987-1999.</p>
<p>Ellipses...and. . .and . . . .</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="latex">LaTeX</h1>
<ul>
<li>\cite[22-23]{smith.1899}</li>
<li>\doublespacing</li>
<li>$2+2=4$</li>
<li>$x \in y$</li>
<li>$\alpha \wedge \omega$</li>
<li>$223$</li>
<li>$p$-Tree</li>
<li>$\frac{d}{dx}f(x)=\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}$</li>
<li>Here's one that has a line break in it: $\alpha + \omega \times
x^2$.</li>
</ul>
<p>These shouldn't be math:</p>
<ul>
<li>To get the famous equation, write <code>$e = mc^2$</code>.</li>
<li>$22,000 is a <em>lot</em> of money. So is $34,000. (It worked if
"lot" is emphasized.)</li>
<li>Escaped <code>$</code>: $73 <em>this should be emphasized</em>
23$.</li>
</ul>
<p>Here's a LaTeX table:</p>
<p>\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline Animal &amp; Number \\ \hline Dog &amp;
2 \\ Cat &amp; 1 \\ \hline \end{tabular}</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="special-characters">Special Characters</h1>
<p>Here is some unicode:</p>
<ul>
<li>I hat: Î</li>
<li>o umlaut: ö</li>
<li>section: §</li>
<li>set membership: ∈</li>
<li>copyright: ©</li>
</ul>
<p>AT&amp;T has an ampersand in their name.</p>
<p>AT&amp;T is another way to write it.</p>
<p>This &amp; that.</p>
<p>4 &lt; 5.</p>
<p>6 &gt; 5.</p>
<p>Backslash: \</p>
<p>Backtick: `</p>
<p>Asterisk: *</p>
<p>Underscore: _</p>
<p>Left brace: {</p>
<p>Right brace: }</p>
<p>Left bracket: [</p>
<p>Right bracket: ]</p>
<p>Left paren: (</p>
<p>Right paren: )</p>
<p>Greater-than: &gt;</p>
<p>Hash: #</p>
<p>Period: .</p>
<p>Bang: !</p>
<p>Plus: +</p>
<p>Minus: -</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="links">Links</h1>
<h2 id="explicit">Explicit</h2>
<p>Just a <a href="/url/">URL</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title">URL and title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title preceded by two spaces">URL and
title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title preceded by a tab">URL and
title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title with &quot;quotes&quot; in it">URL and
title</a></p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title with single quotes">URL and
title</a></p>
<p>Email link (nobody [at] nowhere.net)</p>
<p><a href="">Empty</a>.</p>
<h2 id="reference">Reference</h2>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>With <a href="/url/">embedded [brackets]</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/">b</a> by itself should be a link.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">once</a>.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">twice</a>.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">thrice</a>.</p>
<p>This should [not] be a link.</p>
<pre><code>[not]: /url</code></pre>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/"
title="Title with &quot;quotes&quot; inside">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/"
title="Title with &quot;quote&quot; inside">biz</a>.</p>
<h2 id="with-ampersands">With ampersands</h2>
<p>Here's a <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">link with an
ampersand in the URL</a>.</p>
<p>Here's a link with an amersand in the link text: <a
href="http://att.com/" title="AT&amp;T">AT&amp;T</a>.</p>
<p>Here's an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link</a>.</p>
<p>Here's an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link in pointy
braces</a>.</p>
<h2 id="autolinks">Autolinks</h2>
<p>With an ampersand: <a
href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2</a></p>
<ul>
<li>In a list?</li>
<li><a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></li>
<li>It should.</li>
</ul>
<p>An e-mail address: nobody [at] nowhere.net</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Blockquoted: <a
href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>Auto-links should not occur here:
<code>&lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></p>
<pre><code>or here: &lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></pre>
<hr />
<h1 id="images">Images</h1>
<p>From "Voyage dans la Lune" by Georges Melies (1902):</p>
<p><img src="lalune.jpg" title="Voyage dans la Lune" alt="lalune" /></p>
<p>Here is a movie <img src="movie.jpg" alt="movie" /> icon.</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h1>
<p>Here is a footnote reference<a href="#note_1">(1)</a>, and another<a
href="#note_longnote">(longnote)</a>. This should <em>not</em> be a
footnote reference, because it contains a space^(my note).</p>
<p><a href="#ref_1">(1)</a> Here is the footnote. It can go anywhere in
the document, not just at the end.</p>
<p><a href="#ref_longnote">(longnote)</a> Here's the other note. This
one contains multiple blocks.</p>
<p>Caret characters are used to indicate that the blocks all belong to a
single footnote (as with block quotes).</p>
<pre><code>  { &lt;code&gt; }</code></pre>
<p>If you want, you can use a caret at the beginning of every line, as
with blockquotes, but all that you need is a caret at the beginning of
the first line of the block and any preceding blank lines.</p>
<p>text <em>Leading space</em></p>
<p><em>Trailing space</em> text</p>
<p>text <em>Leading spaces</em></p>
<p><em>Trailing spaces</em> text</p>
<h1 id="tables">Tables</h1>
<h2 id="tables-with-headers">Tables with Headers</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<p>Row headers</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>1</th>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>4</th>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Details</td>
</tr>
</tbody><tfoot>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>

</table>
<hr />
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">Details</td>
</tr>
</tbody><tfoot>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>

</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>1</th>
<th>2</th>
<th>3</th>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td><p>2</p></td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="tables-without-headers">Tables without Headers</h2>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<p>tbody tags omitted</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<p>empty head</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<p>explicit body and foot</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
</tbody><tfoot>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>

</table>
<h2 id="colspans-and-rowspans">Colspans and Rowspans</h2>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">1 and 2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">4, 5, and 6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr />
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="3">Numbers</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">1 and 4</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="attributes">Attributes</h2>
<table id="attrib-test-table">
<thead class="table-head">
<tr class="table-head-row">
<th colspan="3" abbr="x">Cat X</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="main" data-part="body">
<tr data-part="row">
<td data-part="cell">1</td>
<td data-valign="bottom">2</td>
<td style="color: #151950">3</td>
</tr>
</tbody><tfoot class="summary">
<tr data-bgcolor="#ccc">
<td data-square="true">4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>

</table>
<h2 id="tag-omission">Tag omission</h2>
<p>thead, tbody, and tfoot</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>X</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>Z</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
</tbody><tfoot>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>

</table>
<h2 id="empty-tables">Empty Tables</h2>
<p>This section should be empty.</p>
</body></html>
HTML reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 133/133 checked-in HTML/native pairs through the TagSoup-backed Pandoc HTML reader port.

Pandoc HTML template fragment

4401 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at data/templates/styles.html

/* Default styles provided by pandoc.
** See https://pandoc.org/MANUAL.html#variables-for-html for config info.
*/
$if(document-css)$
html {
$if(mainfont)$
  font-family: $mainfont$;
$endif$
$if(fontsize)$
  font-size: $fontsize$;
$endif$
$if(linestretch)$
  line-height: $linestretch$;
$endif$
  color: $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$;
  background-color: $if(backgroundcolor)$$backgroundcolor$$else$#fdfdfd$endif$;
}
body {
  margin: 0 auto;
  max-width: $if(maxwidth)$$maxwidth$$else$36em$endif$;
  padding-left: $if(margin-left)$$margin-left$$else$50px$endif$;
  padding-right: $if(margin-right)$$margin-right$$else$50px$endif$;
  padding-top: $if(margin-top)$$margin-top$$else$50px$endif$;
  padding-bottom: $if(margin-bottom)$$margin-bottom$$else$50px$endif$;
  hyphens: auto;
  overflow-wrap: break-word;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  font-kerning: normal;
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  body {
    font-size: 0.9em;
    padding: 12px;
  }
  h1 {
    font-size: 1.8em;
  }
}
@media print {
  html {
    background-color: $if(backgroundcolor)$$backgroundcolor$$else$white$endif$;
  }
  body {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: black;
    font-size: 12pt;
  }
  p, h2, h3 {
    orphans: 3;
    widows: 3;
  }
  h2, h3, h4 {
    page-break-after: avoid;
  }
}
p {
  margin: 1em 0;
}
a {
  color: $if(linkcolor)$$linkcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$;
}
a:visited {
  color: $if(linkcolor)$$linkcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$;
}
img {
  max-width: 100%;
}
svg {
  height: auto;
  max-width: 100%;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  margin-top: 1.4em;
}
h5, h6 {
  font-size: 1em;
  font-style: italic;
}
h6 {
  font-weight: normal;
...

Download original file

Real Pandoc project HTML template asset.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>/* Default styles provided by pandoc. ** See https://pandoc.org/MANUAL.html#variables-for-html for config info. */ $if(document-css)$ html { $if(mainfont)$ font-family: $mainfont$; $endif$ $if(fontsize)$ font-size: $fontsize$; $endif$ $if(linestretch)$ line-height: $linestretch$; $endif$ color: $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; background-color: $if(backgroundcolor)$$backgroundcolor$$else$#fdfdfd$endif$; } body { margin: 0 auto; max-width: $if(maxwidth)$$maxwidth$$else$36em$endif$; padding-left: $if(margin-left)$$margin-left$$else$50px$endif$; padding-right: $if(margin-right)$$margin-right$$else$50px$endif$; padding-top: $if(margin-top)$$margin-top$$else$50px$endif$; padding-bottom: $if(margin-bottom)$$margin-bottom$$else$50px$endif$; hyphens: auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; font-kerning: normal; } @media (max-width: 600px) { body { font-size: 0.9em; padding: 12px; } h1 { font-size: 1.8em; } } @media print { html { background-color: $if(backgroundcolor)$$backgroundcolor$$else$white$endif$; } body { background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 12pt; } p, h2, h3 { orphans: 3; widows: 3; } h2, h3, h4 { page-break-after: avoid; } } p { margin: 1em 0; } a { color: $if(linkcolor)$$linkcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; } a:visited { color: $if(linkcolor)$$linkcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; } img { max-width: 100%; } svg { height: auto; max-width: 100%; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { margin-top: 1.4em; } h5, h6 { font-size: 1em; font-style: italic; } h6 { font-weight: normal; } ol, ul { padding-left: 1.7em; margin-top: 1em; } li &gt; ol, li &gt; ul { margin-top: 0; } blockquote { margin: 1em 0 1em 1.7em; padding-left: 1em; border-left: 2px solid #e6e6e6; color: #606060; } $if(abstract)$ div.abstract { margin: 2em 2em 2em 2em; text-align: left; font-size: 85%; } div.abstract-title { font-weight: bold; text-align: center; padding: 0; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } $endif$ code { white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: $if(monofont)$$monofont$$else$Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, &#039;Lucida Console&#039;, monospace$endif$; $if(monobackgroundcolor)$ background-color: $monobackgroundcolor$; padding: .2em .4em; $endif$ font-size: 85%; margin: 0; hyphens: manual; } pre { margin: 1em 0; $if(monobackgroundcolor)$ background-color: $monobackgroundcolor$; padding: 1em; $endif$ overflow: auto; } pre code { padding: 0; overflow: visible; overflow-wrap: normal; } .sourceCode { background-color: transparent; overflow: visible; } hr { border: none; border-top: 1px solid #1a1a1a; height: 1px; margin: 1em 0; } table { margin: 1em 0; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; display: block; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums tabular-nums; } table caption { $if(table-caption-below)$ caption-side: bottom; margin-top: 0.75em; $else$ margin-bottom: 0.75em; $endif$ } tbody { margin-top: 0.5em; border-top: 1px solid $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; border-bottom: 1px solid $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; } th { border-top: 1px solid $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; padding: 0.25em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em; } td { padding: 0.125em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em; } header { margin-bottom: 4em; text-align: center; } #TOC li { list-style: none; } #TOC ul { padding-left: 1.3em; } #TOC &gt; ul { padding-left: 0; } #TOC a:not(:hover) { text-decoration: none; } $endif$ span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;} div.columns{display: flex; gap: 1.5em;} div.column{flex: auto;} @media screen { div.columns{gap: min(4vw, 1.5em);} div.column{overflow-x: auto;} } div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;} /* The extra [class] is a hack that increases specificity enough to override a similar rule in reveal.js */ ul.task-list[class]{list-style: none;} ul.task-list li input[type=&quot;checkbox&quot;] { font-size: inherit; width: 0.8em; margin: 0 0.8em 0.2em -1.6em; vertical-align: middle; } $if(quotes)$ q { quotes: &quot;“&quot; &quot;”&quot; &quot;‘&quot; &quot;’&quot;; } $endif$ $if(displaymath-css)$ .display.math{display: block; text-align: center; margin: 0.5rem auto;} $endif$ $if(highlighting-css)$ /* CSS for syntax highlighting */ $highlighting-css$ $endif$ $if(csl-css)$ $styles.citations.html()$ $endif$</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>/* Default styles provided by pandoc. ** See https://pandoc.org/MANUAL.html#variables-for-html for config info. */ $if(document-css)$ html { $if(mainfont)$ font-family: $mainfont$; $endif$ $if(fontsize)$ font-size: $fontsize$; $endif$ $if(linestretch)$ line-height: $linestretch$; $endif$ color: $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; background-color: $if(backgroundcolor)$$backgroundcolor$$else$#fdfdfd$endif$; } body { margin: 0 auto; max-width: $if(maxwidth)$$maxwidth$$else$36em$endif$; padding-left: $if(margin-left)$$margin-left$$else$50px$endif$; padding-right: $if(margin-right)$$margin-right$$else$50px$endif$; padding-top: $if(margin-top)$$margin-top$$else$50px$endif$; padding-bottom: $if(margin-bottom)$$margin-bottom$$else$50px$endif$; hyphens: auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; font-kerning: normal; } @media (max-width: 600px) { body { font-size: 0.9em; padding: 12px; } h1 { font-size: 1.8em; } } @media print { html { background-color: $if(backgroundcolor)$$backgroundcolor$$else$white$endif$; } body { background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 12pt; } p, h2, h3 { orphans: 3; widows: 3; } h2, h3, h4 { page-break-after: avoid; } } p { margin: 1em 0; } a { color: $if(linkcolor)$$linkcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; } a:visited { color: $if(linkcolor)$$linkcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; } img { max-width: 100%; } svg { height: auto; max-width: 100%; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { margin-top: 1.4em; } h5, h6 { font-size: 1em; font-style: italic; } h6 { font-weight: normal; } ol, ul { padding-left: 1.7em; margin-top: 1em; } li &gt; ol, li &gt; ul { margin-top: 0; } blockquote { margin: 1em 0 1em 1.7em; padding-left: 1em; border-left: 2px solid #e6e6e6; color: #606060; } $if(abstract)$ div.abstract { margin: 2em 2em 2em 2em; text-align: left; font-size: 85%; } div.abstract-title { font-weight: bold; text-align: center; padding: 0; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } $endif$ code { white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: $if(monofont)$$monofont$$else$Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, &#039;Lucida Console&#039;, monospace$endif$; $if(monobackgroundcolor)$ background-color: $monobackgroundcolor$; padding: .2em .4em; $endif$ font-size: 85%; margin: 0; hyphens: manual; } pre { margin: 1em 0; $if(monobackgroundcolor)$ background-color: $monobackgroundcolor$; padding: 1em; $endif$ overflow: auto; } pre code { padding: 0; overflow: visible; overflow-wrap: normal; } .sourceCode { background-color: transparent; overflow: visible; } hr { border: none; border-top: 1px solid #1a1a1a; height: 1px; margin: 1em 0; } table { margin: 1em 0; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; display: block; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums tabular-nums; } table caption { $if(table-caption-below)$ caption-side: bottom; margin-top: 0.75em; $else$ margin-bottom: 0.75em; $endif$ } tbody { margin-top: 0.5em; border-top: 1px solid $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; border-bottom: 1px solid $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; } th { border-top: 1px solid $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; padding: 0.25em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em; } td { padding: 0.125em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em; } header { margin-bottom: 4em; text-align: center; } #TOC li { list-style: none; } #TOC ul { padding-left: 1.3em; } #TOC &gt; ul { padding-left: 0; } #TOC a:not(:hover) { text-decoration: none; } $endif$ span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;} div.columns{display: flex; gap: 1.5em;} div.column{flex: auto;} @media screen { div.columns{gap: min(4vw, 1.5em);} div.column{overflow-x: auto;} } div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;} /* The extra [class] is a hack that increases specificity enough to override a similar rule in reveal.js */ ul.task-list[class]{list-style: none;} ul.task-list li input[type=&quot;checkbox&quot;] { font-size: inherit; width: 0.8em; margin: 0 0.8em 0.2em -1.6em; vertical-align: middle; } $if(quotes)$ q { quotes: &quot;“&quot; &quot;”&quot; &quot;‘&quot; &quot;’&quot;; } $endif$ $if(displaymath-css)$ .display.math{display: block; text-align: center; margin: 0.5rem auto;} $endif$ $if(highlighting-css)$ /* CSS for syntax highlighting */ $highlighting-css$ $endif$ $if(csl-css)$ $styles.citations.html()$ $endif$</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body>/* Default styles provided by pandoc. ** See
https://pandoc.org/MANUAL.html#variables-for-html for config info. */
$if(document-css)$ html { $if(mainfont)$ font-family: $mainfont$;
$endif$ $if(fontsize)$ font-size: $fontsize$; $endif$ $if(linestretch)$
line-height: $linestretch$; $endif$ color:
$if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; background-color:
$if(backgroundcolor)$$backgroundcolor$$else$#fdfdfd$endif$; } body {
margin: 0 auto; max-width: $if(maxwidth)$$maxwidth$$else$36em$endif$;
padding-left: $if(margin-left)$$margin-left$$else$50px$endif$;
padding-right: $if(margin-right)$$margin-right$$else$50px$endif$;
padding-top: $if(margin-top)$$margin-top$$else$50px$endif$;
padding-bottom: $if(margin-bottom)$$margin-bottom$$else$50px$endif$;
hyphens: auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-rendering:
optimizeLegibility; font-kerning: normal; } @media (max-width: 600px) {
body { font-size: 0.9em; padding: 12px; } h1 { font-size: 1.8em; } }
@media print { html { background-color:
$if(backgroundcolor)$$backgroundcolor$$else$white$endif$; } body {
background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 12pt; } p, h2,
h3 { orphans: 3; widows: 3; } h2, h3, h4 { page-break-after: avoid; } }
p { margin: 1em 0; } a { color:
$if(linkcolor)$$linkcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; } a:visited { color:
$if(linkcolor)$$linkcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; } img { max-width: 100%;
} svg { height: auto; max-width: 100%; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
margin-top: 1.4em; } h5, h6 { font-size: 1em; font-style: italic; } h6 {
font-weight: normal; } ol, ul { padding-left: 1.7em; margin-top: 1em; }
li &gt; ol, li &gt; ul { margin-top: 0; } blockquote { margin: 1em 0 1em
1.7em; padding-left: 1em; border-left: 2px solid #e6e6e6; color:
#606060; } $if(abstract)$ div.abstract { margin: 2em 2em 2em 2em;
text-align: left; font-size: 85%; } div.abstract-title { font-weight:
bold; text-align: center; padding: 0; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } $endif$
code { white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:
$if(monofont)$$monofont$$else$Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Lucida Console',
monospace$endif$; $if(monobackgroundcolor)$ background-color:
$monobackgroundcolor$; padding: .2em .4em; $endif$ font-size: 85%;
margin: 0; hyphens: manual; } pre { margin: 1em 0;
$if(monobackgroundcolor)$ background-color: $monobackgroundcolor$;
padding: 1em; $endif$ overflow: auto; } pre code { padding: 0; overflow:
visible; overflow-wrap: normal; } .sourceCode { background-color:
transparent; overflow: visible; } hr { border: none; border-top: 1px
solid #1a1a1a; height: 1px; margin: 1em 0; } table { margin: 1em 0;
border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; display:
block; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums tabular-nums; } table caption {
$if(table-caption-below)$ caption-side: bottom; margin-top: 0.75em;
$else$ margin-bottom: 0.75em; $endif$ } tbody { margin-top: 0.5em;
border-top: 1px solid $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$;
border-bottom: 1px solid $if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$;
} th { border-top: 1px solid
$if(fontcolor)$$fontcolor$$else$#1a1a1a$endif$; padding: 0.25em 0.5em
0.25em 0.5em; } td { padding: 0.125em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em; } header {
margin-bottom: 4em; text-align: center; } #TOC li { list-style: none; }
#TOC ul { padding-left: 1.3em; } #TOC &gt; ul { padding-left: 0; } #TOC
a:not(:hover) { text-decoration: none; } $endif$
span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;} div.columns{display: flex;
gap: 1.5em;} div.column{flex: auto;} @media screen { div.columns{gap:
min(4vw, 1.5em);} div.column{overflow-x: auto;} }
div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;} /* The
extra [class] is a hack that increases specificity enough to override a
similar rule in reveal.js */ ul.task-list[class]{list-style: none;}
ul.task-list li input[type="checkbox"] { font-size: inherit; width:
0.8em; margin: 0 0.8em 0.2em -1.6em; vertical-align: middle; }
$if(quotes)$ q { quotes: "“" "”" "‘" "’"; } $endif$
$if(displaymath-css)$ .display.math{display: block; text-align: center;
margin: 0.5rem auto;} $endif$ $if(highlighting-css)$ /* CSS for syntax
highlighting */ $highlighting-css$ $endif$ $if(csl-css)$
$styles.citations.html()$ $endif$
</body></html>
HTML reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 133/133 checked-in HTML/native pairs through the TagSoup-backed Pandoc HTML reader port.

Remote work policy memo HTML

1530 bytes | Inline policy memo HTML modeled on a normal internal document.

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>Remote Work Policy Memo</title>
</head>
<body>
  <article>
    <h1 id="remote-work-policy">Remote Work Policy Memo</h1>
    <p>This internal memo describes the default expectations for teams that split work between office and remote locations.</p>
    <h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>
    <p>Managers should keep the policy simple enough for repeat use while documenting exceptions that affect payroll, security, or customer commitments.</p>
    <ul>
      <li>Publish team availability windows.</li>
      <li>Keep customer-facing escalation paths current.</li>
      <li>Review equipment and access requests quarterly.</li>
    </ul>
    <h2 id="approval-levels">Approval levels</h2>
    <table>
      <thead>
        <tr><th>Request</th><th>Approver</th><th>Review cycle</th></tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>One-off remote day</td><td>Team lead</td><td>Same week</td></tr>
        <tr><td>Hybrid schedule</td><td>Department manager</td><td>Quarterly</td></tr>
        <tr><td>Out-of-region work</td><td>People operations</td><td>Before travel</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
    <h2 id="checklist">Checklist</h2>
    <ol>
      <li>Confirm the employee has a secure workstation.</li>
      <li>Record the expected working region.</li>
      <li>Link the schedule in the team handbook.</li>
    </ol>
    <p>See the <a href="#approval-levels">approval table</a> before granting a recurring exception.</p>
  </article>
</body>
</html>

Download original file

Compact user-facing HTML article with headings, paragraphs, lists, a table, and a local anchor link.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="remote-work-policy">Remote Work Policy Memo</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This internal memo describes the default expectations for teams that split work between office and remote locations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Managers should keep the policy simple enough for repeat use while documenting exceptions that affect payroll, security, or customer commitments.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Publish team availability windows.</li><li>Keep customer-facing escalation paths current.</li><li>Review equipment and access requests quarterly.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="approval-levels">Approval levels</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Request</th><th>Approver</th><th>Review cycle</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>One-off remote day</td><td>Team lead</td><td>Same week</td></tr><tr><td>Hybrid schedule</td><td>Department manager</td><td>Quarterly</td></tr><tr><td>Out-of-region work</td><td>People operations</td><td>Before travel</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="checklist">Checklist</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Confirm the employee has a secure workstation.</li><li>Record the expected working region.</li><li>Link the schedule in the team handbook.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See the <a href="#approval-levels">approval table</a> before granting a recurring exception.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="remote-work-policy-memo">Remote Work Policy Memo</h1>
<p>This internal memo describes the default expectations for teams that split work between office and remote locations.</p>
<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>
<p>Managers should keep the policy simple enough for repeat use while documenting exceptions that affect payroll, security, or customer commitments.</p>
<ul>
<li>Publish team availability windows.</li>
<li>Keep customer-facing escalation paths current.</li>
<li>Review equipment and access requests quarterly.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="approval-levels">Approval levels</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Request</th><th>Approver</th><th>Review cycle</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>One-off remote day</td><td>Team lead</td><td>Same week</td></tr>
<tr><td>Hybrid schedule</td><td>Department manager</td><td>Quarterly</td></tr>
<tr><td>Out-of-region work</td><td>People operations</td><td>Before travel</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="checklist">Checklist</h2>
<ol>
<li>Confirm the employee has a secure workstation.</li>
<li>Record the expected working region.</li>
<li>Link the schedule in the team handbook.</li>
</ol>
<p>See the <a href="#approval-levels">approval table</a> before granting a recurring exception.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="remote-work-policy">Remote Work Policy Memo</h1>
<p>This internal memo describes the default expectations for teams that
split work between office and remote locations.</p>
<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>
<p>Managers should keep the policy simple enough for repeat use while
documenting exceptions that affect payroll, security, or customer
commitments.</p>
<ul>
<li>Publish team availability windows.</li>
<li>Keep customer-facing escalation paths current.</li>
<li>Review equipment and access requests quarterly.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="approval-levels">Approval levels</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Request</th>
<th>Approver</th>
<th>Review cycle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>One-off remote day</td>
<td>Team lead</td>
<td>Same week</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hybrid schedule</td>
<td>Department manager</td>
<td>Quarterly</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Out-of-region work</td>
<td>People operations</td>
<td>Before travel</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="checklist">Checklist</h2>
<ol>
<li>Confirm the employee has a secure workstation.</li>
<li>Record the expected working region.</li>
<li>Link the schedule in the team handbook.</li>
</ol>
<p>See the <a href="#approval-levels">approval table</a> before granting
a recurring exception.</p>
</body></html>
HTML reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 133/133 checked-in HTML/native pairs through the TagSoup-backed Pandoc HTML reader port.

Project status update HTML

1176 bytes | Inline project status HTML modeled on a normal internal update.

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>Project Status Update</title>
</head>
<body>
  <main>
    <h1 id="project-status-update">Project Status Update</h1>
    <p>The publishing migration remains on schedule for the July review window.</p>
    <h2 id="milestones">Milestones</h2>
    <table>
      <thead><tr><th>Milestone</th><th>Owner</th><th>Status</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr><td>Sample corpus refresh</td><td>Content operations</td><td>Complete</td></tr>
        <tr><td>Editor import review</td><td>Web platform</td><td>In progress</td></tr>
        <tr><td>Accessibility pass</td><td>Design systems</td><td>Scheduled</td></tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
    <h2 id="risks">Risks</h2>
    <p>The main remaining risk is inconsistent source document quality. Teams should attach the original file to each review ticket.</p>
    <ul>
      <li>Confirm images imported when they appear in the rendered article.</li>
      <li>Check local links after the import.</li>
      <li>Flag pages that rely on Custom HTML blocks.</li>
    </ul>
    <p>Jump back to <a href="#milestones">milestones</a>.</p>
  </main>
</body>
</html>

Download original file

Compact user-facing HTML article with headings, a milestone table, a risk list, and a local anchor link.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="project-status-update">Project Status Update</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The publishing migration remains on schedule for the July review window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="milestones">Milestones</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Milestone</th><th>Owner</th><th>Status</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Sample corpus refresh</td><td>Content operations</td><td>Complete</td></tr><tr><td>Editor import review</td><td>Web platform</td><td>In progress</td></tr><tr><td>Accessibility pass</td><td>Design systems</td><td>Scheduled</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="risks">Risks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The main remaining risk is inconsistent source document quality. Teams should attach the original file to each review ticket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Confirm images imported when they appear in the rendered article.</li><li>Check local links after the import.</li><li>Flag pages that rely on Custom HTML blocks.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jump back to <a href="#milestones">milestones</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="project-status-update">Project Status Update</h1>
<p>The publishing migration remains on schedule for the July review window.</p>
<h2 id="milestones">Milestones</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Milestone</th><th>Owner</th><th>Status</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Sample corpus refresh</td><td>Content operations</td><td>Complete</td></tr>
<tr><td>Editor import review</td><td>Web platform</td><td>In progress</td></tr>
<tr><td>Accessibility pass</td><td>Design systems</td><td>Scheduled</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="risks">Risks</h2>
<p>The main remaining risk is inconsistent source document quality. Teams should attach the original file to each review ticket.</p>
<ul>
<li>Confirm images imported when they appear in the rendered article.</li>
<li>Check local links after the import.</li>
<li>Flag pages that rely on Custom HTML blocks.</li>
</ul>
<p>Jump back to <a href="#milestones">milestones</a>.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="project-status-update">Project Status Update</h1>
<p>The publishing migration remains on schedule for the July review
window.</p>
<h2 id="milestones">Milestones</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Milestone</th>
<th>Owner</th>
<th>Status</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Sample corpus refresh</td>
<td>Content operations</td>
<td>Complete</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Editor import review</td>
<td>Web platform</td>
<td>In progress</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Accessibility pass</td>
<td>Design systems</td>
<td>Scheduled</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="risks">Risks</h2>
<p>The main remaining risk is inconsistent source document quality.
Teams should attach the original file to each review ticket.</p>
<ul>
<li>Confirm images imported when they appear in the rendered
article.</li>
<li>Check local links after the import.</li>
<li>Flag pages that rely on Custom HTML blocks.</li>
</ul>
<p>Jump back to <a href="#milestones">milestones</a>.</p>
</body></html>
HTML reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 133/133 checked-in HTML/native pairs through the TagSoup-backed Pandoc HTML reader port.

ipynb

2 samples
{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Lorem ipsum\n",
    "===========\n",
    "\n",
    "**Lorem ipsum** dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus\n",
    "bibendum felis dictum sodales."
   ],
   "id": "uid1"
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(\"hello\")"
   ],
   "id": "uid2"
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Pyout\n",
    "-----"
   ],
   "id": "uid3"
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "output_type": "execute_result",
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<script>\n",
       "console.log(\"hello\");\n",
       "</script>\n",
       "<b>HTML</b>\n",
       "hello"
      ]
     }
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from IPython.display import HTML\n",
    "HTML(\"\"\"\n",
    "<script>\n",
    "console.log(\"hello\");\n",
    "</script>\n",
    "<b>HTML</b>\n",
    "\"\"\")"
   ],
   "id": "uid4"
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": [
     "foo",
     "bar"
    ]
   },
   "source": [
    "Image\n",
    "-----\n",
    "\n",
    "This image ![the moon](attachment:lalune.jpg) will be included as a cell\n",
    "attachment."
   ],
   "attachments": {
...

Download original file

Jupyter notebook fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="0" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="uid1">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="lorem-ipsum">Lorem ipsum</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Lorem ipsum</strong> dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus
bibendum felis dictum sodales.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="1" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="uid2">
<!-- wp:code {"language":"ipynb-code-cell-source"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code" data-ipynb-cell-index="1" data-ipynb-cell-type="code"><code class="language-ipynb-code-cell-source">print(&quot;hello&quot;)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="2" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="uid3">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="pyout">Pyout</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="3" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="uid4" data-ipynb-output-count="1" data-ipynb-output-indexes="0" data-ipynb-output-display-order="execute_result" data-ipynb-output-mime-types="text/html" data-ipynb-rich-output-unsupported-count="1" data-ipynb-output-byte-policy="metadata-only" data-ipynb-output-byte-presence-count="1" data-ipynb-output-execution-counts="2" data-ipynb-execution-count="2" data-ipynb-diagnostics="output-bytes-blocked output-mime-bundle-metadata-only">
<!-- wp:code {"language":"ipynb-code-cell-source"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code" data-ipynb-cell-index="3" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="2"><code class="language-ipynb-code-cell-source">from IPython.display import HTML
HTML(&quot;&quot;&quot;
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
&quot;&quot;&quot;)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="4" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="uid6" data-ipynb-attachment-count="1" data-ipynb-cell-tags="bar foo" data-ipynb-diagnostics="attachment-bytes-blocked" data-ipynb-attachment-media-count="1" data-ipynb-attachment-diagnostics="attachment-bytes-blocked">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="image">Image</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This image <img src="attachment:lalune.jpg" alt="the moon"/> will be included as a cell
attachment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="0" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="uid1">
<h1 id="lorem-ipsum">Lorem ipsum</h1>
<p><strong>Lorem ipsum</strong> dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus bibendum felis dictum sodales.</p>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="1" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="uid2">
<pre class="ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="1" data-ipynb-cell-type="code"><code>print(&quot;hello&quot;)</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="2" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="uid3">
<h2 id="pyout">Pyout</h2>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="3" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="uid4" data-ipynb-output-count="1" data-ipynb-output-indexes="0" data-ipynb-output-display-order="execute_result" data-ipynb-output-mime-types="text/html" data-ipynb-rich-output-unsupported-count="1" data-ipynb-output-byte-policy="metadata-only" data-ipynb-output-byte-presence-count="1" data-ipynb-output-execution-counts="2" data-ipynb-execution-count="2" data-ipynb-diagnostics="output-bytes-blocked output-mime-bundle-metadata-only">
<pre class="ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="3" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="2"><code>from IPython.display import HTML
HTML(&quot;&quot;&quot;
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
&quot;&quot;&quot;)</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="4" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="uid6" data-ipynb-attachment-count="1" data-ipynb-cell-tags="bar foo" data-ipynb-diagnostics="attachment-bytes-blocked" data-ipynb-attachment-media-count="1" data-ipynb-attachment-diagnostics="attachment-bytes-blocked">
<h2 id="image">Image</h2>
<p>This image <img src="attachment:lalune.jpg" alt="the moon" /> will be included as a cell attachment.</p>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="uid1" class="cell markdown">
<h1 id="lorem-ipsum">Lorem ipsum</h1>
<p><strong>Lorem ipsum</strong> dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing
elit. Nunc luctus bibendum felis dictum sodales.</p>
</div>
<div id="uid2" class="cell code">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre
class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">&quot;hello&quot;</span>)</span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="uid3" class="cell markdown">
<h2 id="pyout">Pyout</h2>
</div>
<div id="uid4" class="cell code" data-execution_count="2">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre
class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">from</span> IPython.display <span class="im">import</span> HTML</span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>HTML(<span class="st">&quot;&quot;&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="st">&lt;script&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="st">console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);</span></span>
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="st">&lt;/script&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb2-6"><a href="#cb2-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="st">&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;</span></span>
<span id="cb2-7"><a href="#cb2-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="st">&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>)</span></code></pre></div>
<div class="output execute_result" data-execution_count="2">
<script>
console.log("hello");
</script>
<b>HTML</b>
hello
</div>
</div>
<div id="uid6" class="cell markdown"
data-tags="[&quot;foo&quot;,&quot;bar&quot;]">
<h2 id="image">Image</h2>
<p>This image <img src="uid6-lalune.jpg" alt="the moon" /> will be
included as a cell attachment.</p>
</div>
</body></html>
Bounded IPYNB reader maps markdown, code, and raw cells into the shared AST with notebook, metadata, attachment, source-shape, execution, and output diagnostics without executing notebooks or exposing embedded output bytes. Native IPYNB writer parity remains open.

Notebook with MIME output

4222 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at test/ipynb/mime.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "0ad1fbe7-107b-4668-ae4d-8ce4ae9a4400",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from __future__ import annotations\n",
    "\n",
    "from dataclasses import dataclass"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "c2d3a9f4-dfdb-4ced-bbcd-3dfd1780af80",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "7.29.0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import IPython\n",
    "\n",
    "print(IPython.__version__)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "21e7a4a1-0cf8-48cc-823c-dca698ae6853",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Supported IPython display formatters:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "053cdbc4-b157-4e3e-9c86-8f374770d006",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "text/plain\n",
      "text/html\n",
      "text/markdown\n",
      "image/svg+xml\n",
      "image/png\n",
      "application/pdf\n",
      "image/jpeg\n",
      "text/latex\n",
      "application/json\n",
      "application/javascript\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ip = get_ipython()\n",
    "for mime in ip.display_formatter.formatters:\n",
    "    print(mime)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "d79b063d-ce81-497b-a0ea-5b2e2972e845",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Let's write a simple class that will output different mime:"
   ]
  },
  {
...

Download original file

Notebook MIME fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="0" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="0ad1fbe7-107b-4668-ae4d-8ce4ae9a4400" data-ipynb-execution-count="1">
<!-- wp:code {"language":"python"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="0" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="1"><code class="language-python">from __future__ import annotations

from dataclasses import dataclass</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="1" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="c2d3a9f4-dfdb-4ced-bbcd-3dfd1780af80" data-ipynb-output-count="1" data-ipynb-output-indexes="0" data-ipynb-output-display-order="stream" data-ipynb-output-byte-policy="metadata-only" data-ipynb-output-byte-presence-count="1" data-ipynb-output-stream-names="stdout" data-ipynb-execution-count="2" data-ipynb-diagnostics="output-bytes-blocked output-stream-bytes-blocked">
<!-- wp:code {"language":"python"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="1" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="2"><code class="language-python">import IPython

print(IPython.__version__)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="2" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="21e7a4a1-0cf8-48cc-823c-dca698ae6853">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Supported IPython display formatters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="3" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="053cdbc4-b157-4e3e-9c86-8f374770d006" data-ipynb-output-count="1" data-ipynb-output-indexes="0" data-ipynb-output-display-order="stream" data-ipynb-output-byte-policy="metadata-only" data-ipynb-output-byte-presence-count="1" data-ipynb-output-stream-names="stdout" data-ipynb-execution-count="3" data-ipynb-diagnostics="output-bytes-blocked output-stream-bytes-blocked">
<!-- wp:code {"language":"python"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="3" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="3"><code class="language-python">ip = get_ipython()
for mime in ip.display_formatter.formatters:
    print(mime)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="4" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="d79b063d-ce81-497b-a0ea-5b2e2972e845">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Let’s write a simple class that will output different mime:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="5" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="c847636c-1c45-432e-9d8d-7310dd7f5637" data-ipynb-execution-count="4">
<!-- wp:code {"language":"python"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="5" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="4"><code class="language-python">@dataclass
class Mime:
    math: str

    def _repr_mimebundle_(
        self,
        include: Container[str] | None = None,
        exclude: Container[str] | None = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -&gt; dict[str, str]:
        string = self.math
        data = {
            &quot;text/plain&quot;: string,
            &quot;text/html&quot;: (latex := f&quot;\\[{string}\\]&quot;),
            &quot;text/markdown&quot;: f&quot;$${string}$$&quot;,
            # &quot;image/svg+xml&quot;:,
            # &quot;image/png&quot;:,
            # &quot;application/pdf&quot;:,
            # &quot;image/jpeg&quot;:,
            &quot;text/latex&quot;: latex,
            # &quot;application/json&quot;:,
            # &quot;application/javascript&quot;:,
        }
        if include:
            data = {k: v for k, v in data.items() if k in include}
        if exclude:
            data = {k: v for k, v in data.items() if k not in exclude}
        return data</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="6" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="4fa54f22-0c3a-4809-91f7-ea7101ff1907" data-ipynb-execution-count="5">
<!-- wp:code {"language":"python"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="6" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="5"><code class="language-python">mime = Mime(&quot;E = mc^2&quot;)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="7" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="c419e6a6-240c-4af0-a244-5f1526705c30" data-ipynb-output-count="1" data-ipynb-output-indexes="0" data-ipynb-output-display-order="execute_result" data-ipynb-output-mime-types="text/html text/latex text/markdown text/plain" data-ipynb-rich-output-unsupported-count="1" data-ipynb-output-byte-policy="metadata-only" data-ipynb-output-byte-presence-count="1" data-ipynb-output-execution-counts="6" data-ipynb-execution-count="6" data-ipynb-diagnostics="output-bytes-blocked output-mime-bundle-metadata-only">
<!-- wp:code {"language":"python"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="7" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="6"><code class="language-python">mime</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="8" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="bf140b8e-16ac-4670-9778-f1c1d9486f9d">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that #7561 made ipynb reader aware of this, and #7563 made ipynb writer aware of this.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="0" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="0ad1fbe7-107b-4668-ae4d-8ce4ae9a4400" data-ipynb-execution-count="1">
<pre class="python ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="0" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="1"><code>from __future__ import annotations

from dataclasses import dataclass</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="1" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="c2d3a9f4-dfdb-4ced-bbcd-3dfd1780af80" data-ipynb-output-count="1" data-ipynb-output-indexes="0" data-ipynb-output-display-order="stream" data-ipynb-output-byte-policy="metadata-only" data-ipynb-output-byte-presence-count="1" data-ipynb-output-stream-names="stdout" data-ipynb-execution-count="2" data-ipynb-diagnostics="output-bytes-blocked output-stream-bytes-blocked">
<pre class="python ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="1" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="2"><code>import IPython

print(IPython.__version__)</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="2" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="21e7a4a1-0cf8-48cc-823c-dca698ae6853">
<p>Supported IPython display formatters:</p>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="3" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="053cdbc4-b157-4e3e-9c86-8f374770d006" data-ipynb-output-count="1" data-ipynb-output-indexes="0" data-ipynb-output-display-order="stream" data-ipynb-output-byte-policy="metadata-only" data-ipynb-output-byte-presence-count="1" data-ipynb-output-stream-names="stdout" data-ipynb-execution-count="3" data-ipynb-diagnostics="output-bytes-blocked output-stream-bytes-blocked">
<pre class="python ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="3" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="3"><code>ip = get_ipython()
for mime in ip.display_formatter.formatters:
    print(mime)</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="4" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="d79b063d-ce81-497b-a0ea-5b2e2972e845">
<p>Let’s write a simple class that will output different mime:</p>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="5" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="c847636c-1c45-432e-9d8d-7310dd7f5637" data-ipynb-execution-count="4">
<pre class="python ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="5" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="4"><code>@dataclass
class Mime:
    math: str

    def _repr_mimebundle_(
        self,
        include: Container[str] | None = None,
        exclude: Container[str] | None = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -&gt; dict[str, str]:
        string = self.math
        data = {
            &quot;text/plain&quot;: string,
            &quot;text/html&quot;: (latex := f&quot;\\[{string}\\]&quot;),
            &quot;text/markdown&quot;: f&quot;$${string}$$&quot;,
            # &quot;image/svg+xml&quot;:,
            # &quot;image/png&quot;:,
            # &quot;application/pdf&quot;:,
            # &quot;image/jpeg&quot;:,
            &quot;text/latex&quot;: latex,
            # &quot;application/json&quot;:,
            # &quot;application/javascript&quot;:,
        }
        if include:
            data = {k: v for k, v in data.items() if k in include}
        if exclude:
            data = {k: v for k, v in data.items() if k not in exclude}
        return data</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="6" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="4fa54f22-0c3a-4809-91f7-ea7101ff1907" data-ipynb-execution-count="5">
<pre class="python ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="6" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="5"><code>mime = Mime(&quot;E = mc^2&quot;)</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-code-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="7" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-cell-id="c419e6a6-240c-4af0-a244-5f1526705c30" data-ipynb-output-count="1" data-ipynb-output-indexes="0" data-ipynb-output-display-order="execute_result" data-ipynb-output-mime-types="text/html text/latex text/markdown text/plain" data-ipynb-rich-output-unsupported-count="1" data-ipynb-output-byte-policy="metadata-only" data-ipynb-output-byte-presence-count="1" data-ipynb-output-execution-counts="6" data-ipynb-execution-count="6" data-ipynb-diagnostics="output-bytes-blocked output-mime-bundle-metadata-only">
<pre class="python ipynb-code-cell-source" data-ipynb-cell-index="7" data-ipynb-cell-type="code" data-ipynb-execution-count="6"><code>mime</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="ipynb-cell ipynb-markdown-cell" data-ipynb-cell-index="8" data-ipynb-cell-type="markdown" data-ipynb-cell-id="bf140b8e-16ac-4670-9778-f1c1d9486f9d">
<p>Note that #7561 made ipynb reader aware of this, and #7563 made ipynb writer aware of this.</p>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="0ad1fbe7-107b-4668-ae4d-8ce4ae9a4400" class="cell code"
data-execution_count="1">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre
class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">from</span> __future__ <span class="im">import</span> annotations</span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">from</span> dataclasses <span class="im">import</span> dataclass</span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="c2d3a9f4-dfdb-4ced-bbcd-3dfd1780af80" class="cell code"
data-execution_count="2">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre
class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> IPython</span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(IPython.__version__)</span></code></pre></div>
<div class="output stream stdout">
<pre><code>7.29.0
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="21e7a4a1-0cf8-48cc-823c-dca698ae6853" class="cell markdown">
<p>Supported IPython display formatters:</p>
</div>
<div id="053cdbc4-b157-4e3e-9c86-8f374770d006" class="cell code"
data-execution_count="3">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre
class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>ip <span class="op">=</span> get_ipython()</span>
<span id="cb4-2"><a href="#cb4-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">for</span> mime <span class="kw">in</span> ip.display_formatter.formatters:</span>
<span id="cb4-3"><a href="#cb4-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(mime)</span></code></pre></div>
<div class="output stream stdout">
<pre><code>text/plain
text/html
text/markdown
image/svg+xml
image/png
application/pdf
image/jpeg
text/latex
application/json
application/javascript
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div id="d79b063d-ce81-497b-a0ea-5b2e2972e845" class="cell markdown">
<p>Let's write a simple class that will output different mime:</p>
</div>
<div id="c847636c-1c45-432e-9d8d-7310dd7f5637" class="cell code"
data-execution_count="4">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre
class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">@dataclass</span></span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">class</span> Mime:</span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    math: <span class="bu">str</span></span>
<span id="cb6-4"><a href="#cb6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb6-5"><a href="#cb6-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="kw">def</span> _repr_mimebundle_(</span>
<span id="cb6-6"><a href="#cb6-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        <span class="va">self</span>,</span>
<span id="cb6-7"><a href="#cb6-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        include: Container[<span class="bu">str</span>] <span class="op">|</span> <span class="va">None</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">None</span>,</span>
<span id="cb6-8"><a href="#cb6-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        exclude: Container[<span class="bu">str</span>] <span class="op">|</span> <span class="va">None</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">None</span>,</span>
<span id="cb6-9"><a href="#cb6-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        <span class="op">**</span>kwargs,</span>
<span id="cb6-10"><a href="#cb6-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    ) <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="bu">dict</span>[<span class="bu">str</span>, <span class="bu">str</span>]:</span>
<span id="cb6-11"><a href="#cb6-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        string <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">self</span>.math</span>
<span id="cb6-12"><a href="#cb6-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        data <span class="op">=</span> {</span>
<span id="cb6-13"><a href="#cb6-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="st">&quot;text/plain&quot;</span>: string,</span>
<span id="cb6-14"><a href="#cb6-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="st">&quot;text/html&quot;</span>: (latex <span class="op">:=</span> <span class="ss">f&quot;</span><span class="ch">\\</span><span class="ss">[</span><span class="sc">{</span>string<span class="sc">}</span><span class="ch">\\</span><span class="ss">]&quot;</span>),</span>
<span id="cb6-15"><a href="#cb6-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="st">&quot;text/markdown&quot;</span>: <span class="ss">f&quot;$$</span><span class="sc">{</span>string<span class="sc">}</span><span class="ss">$$&quot;</span>,</span>
<span id="cb6-16"><a href="#cb6-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="co"># &quot;image/svg+xml&quot;:,</span></span>
<span id="cb6-17"><a href="#cb6-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="co"># &quot;image/png&quot;:,</span></span>
<span id="cb6-18"><a href="#cb6-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="co"># &quot;application/pdf&quot;:,</span></span>
<span id="cb6-19"><a href="#cb6-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="co"># &quot;image/jpeg&quot;:,</span></span>
<span id="cb6-20"><a href="#cb6-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="st">&quot;text/latex&quot;</span>: latex,</span>
<span id="cb6-21"><a href="#cb6-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="co"># &quot;application/json&quot;:,</span></span>
<span id="cb6-22"><a href="#cb6-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="co"># &quot;application/javascript&quot;:,</span></span>
<span id="cb6-23"><a href="#cb6-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        }</span>
<span id="cb6-24"><a href="#cb6-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        <span class="cf">if</span> include:</span>
<span id="cb6-25"><a href="#cb6-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            data <span class="op">=</span> {k: v <span class="cf">for</span> k, v <span class="kw">in</span> data.items() <span class="cf">if</span> k <span class="kw">in</span> include}</span>
<span id="cb6-26"><a href="#cb6-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        <span class="cf">if</span> exclude:</span>
<span id="cb6-27"><a href="#cb6-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            data <span class="op">=</span> {k: v <span class="cf">for</span> k, v <span class="kw">in</span> data.items() <span class="cf">if</span> k <span class="kw">not</span> <span class="kw">in</span> exclude}</span>
<span id="cb6-28"><a href="#cb6-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>        <span class="cf">return</span> data</span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="4fa54f22-0c3a-4809-91f7-ea7101ff1907" class="cell code"
data-execution_count="5">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre
class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>mime <span class="op">=</span> Mime(<span class="st">&quot;E = mc^2&quot;</span>)</span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="c419e6a6-240c-4af0-a244-5f1526705c30" class="cell code"
data-execution_count="6">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre
class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>mime</span></code></pre></div>
<div class="output execute_result" data-execution_count="6">
\[E = mc^2\]
</div>
</div>
<div id="bf140b8e-16ac-4670-9778-f1c1d9486f9d" class="cell markdown">
<p>Note that #7561 made ipynb reader aware of this, and #7563 made ipynb
writer aware of this.</p>
</div>
</body></html>
Bounded IPYNB reader maps markdown, code, and raw cells into the shared AST with notebook, metadata, attachment, source-shape, execution, and output diagnostics without executing notebooks or exposing embedded output bytes. Native IPYNB writer parity remains open.

jats

2 samples

JATS article fragment

345 bytes | Inline JATS XML modeled on scholarly article structure.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <front><article-meta><title-group><article-title>JATS article fragment</article-title></title-group></article-meta></front>
  <body><sec><title>Abstracted section</title><p>JATS is common in scholarly publishing pipelines.</p></sec></body>
</article>

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Abstracted section</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JATS is common in scholarly publishing pipelines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Abstracted section</h1>
<p>JATS is common in scholarly publishing pipelines.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Abstracted section</h1>
<p>JATS is common in scholarly publishing pipelines.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded XML-family reader maps JATS article/book roots, titles, abstracts, body sections, lists, links, and tables into the shared AST while preserving the existing JATS/BITS diagnostic packet metadata. Full Pandoc JATS parity remains open.

Upstream JATS reader fixture

38782 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at test/jats-reader.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v1.2 20190208//EN"
                  "JATS-archivearticle1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.2" article-type="other">
<processing-meta base-tagset="archiving" mathml-version="3.0" table-model="xhtml" tagset-family="jats">
    <restricted-by>pmc</restricted-by>
</processing-meta>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-title-group>
</journal-title-group>
<publisher>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<title-group>
<article-title>Pandoc Test Suite</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
  <contrib contrib-type="author">
    <name>
      <surname>MacFarlane</surname>
      <given-names>John</given-names>
    </name>
  </contrib>
  <contrib contrib-type="author">
    <name>
      <surname>Anonymous</surname>
    </name>
  </contrib>
</contrib-group>
<permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2023, MacFarlane et al</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2023</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder>MacFarlane et al</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This document is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body>
<p>This is a set of tests for pandoc. Most of them are adapted from John Gruber's markdown test suite.</p>
<sec id="headers">
  <title>Headers</title>
  <sec id="level-2-with-an-embedded-link">
    <title>Level 2 with an
    <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="/url">embedded
    link</ext-link></title>
    <sec id="level-3-with-emphasis">
      <title>Level 3 with <italic>emphasis</italic></title>
      <sec id="level-4">
        <title>Level 4</title>
        <sec id="level-5">
          <title>Level 5</title>
        </sec>
      </sec>
    </sec>
  </sec>
</sec>
<sec id="level-1">
  <title>Level 1</title>
  <sec id="level-2-with-emphasis">
    <title>Level 2 with <italic>emphasis</italic></title>
    <sec id="level-3">
      <title>Level 3</title>
      <p>with no blank line</p>
    </sec>
  </sec>
  <sec id="level-2">
    <title>Level 2</title>
    <p>with no blank line</p>
  </sec>
</sec>
<sec id="paragraphs">
  <title>Paragraphs</title>
  <p>Here's a regular paragraph.</p>
  <p>In Markdown 1.0.0 and earlier. Version 8. This line turns into a list item. Because a hard-wrapped line in the middle of a paragraph looked like a list item.</p>
...

Download original file

JATS XML fixture from upstream Pandoc tests; local reader currently rejects the doctype.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is a set of tests for pandoc. Most of them are adapted from John Gruber&#039;s markdown test suite.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="headers">Headers</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="level-2-with-an-embedded-link">Level 2 with an embedded link</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="level-3-with-emphasis">Level 3 with emphasis</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="level-4">Level 4</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":5} -->
<h5 id="level-5">Level 5</h5>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="level-1">Level 1</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="level-2-with-emphasis">Level 2 with emphasis</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="level-3">Level 3</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>with no blank line</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="level-2">Level 2</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>with no blank line</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="paragraphs">Paragraphs</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a regular paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In Markdown 1.0.0 and earlier. Version 8. This line turns into a list item. Because a hard-wrapped line in the middle of a paragraph looked like a list item.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s one with a bullet. * criminey.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There should be a <strong>hard line break</strong>here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="statements">Statements</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A label for a statement</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>CAP TITLE</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some text to make this regular</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="block-quotes">Block Quotes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>E-mail style:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is a block quote. It is pretty short.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Code in a block quote:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A list:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>item one</li><li>item two</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nested block quotes:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>nested</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>nested</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This should not be a block quote: 2 &gt; 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Box-style:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>do laundry</li><li>take out the trash</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a nested one:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Joe said:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Don&#039;t quote me.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And a following paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is a block quote inside a paragraph. Start of a paragraph is here, and the quote is below: My block quote End of a paragraph</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="formulae">Formulae</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="inline-formulae">Inline formulae with inline-formula</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph</strong>, should be natively coded inside the paragraph, and show inline:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Einstein showed that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math>. This formula is important because…</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="disp-formulae">Block formulae with disp-formula</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph</strong>, should be natively coded inside the paragraph, but show as block:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Einstein showed that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math>. This formula is important because…</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Outside a paragraph</strong>, should show as block:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Einstein showed that</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This formula is important because…</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="no-formula-wrapper">Without a formula wrapper</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph</strong>, should show inline:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Einstein showed that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math>. This formula is important because…</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Outside a paragraph</strong>, should show as block:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Einstein showed that</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This formula is important because…</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="misc-formulae">Formulae with miscelaneus elements</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Regardless of whether or not they are inside a paragraph, should be wrapped in a div, and displayed in a block:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph:</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Einstein definitely showed that Abstract text<img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/dB7iirJ3ncQaVMBGE2YX-WCeoAVIChb6NAzoFcKCFChMsrixJvD7ZRbvcaC-ceXEzXYaoH4K5vaoRDsUyBHFkpIDPnsn3bnzovbvi0a2Gg=s660" alt="Alternative text of the graphic" title="This is the title of the graphic" id="graphic001"/><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math>. This formula is important because…</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Outside of a paragraph:</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Paragraph before: Einstein showed that</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Abstract text<img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/dB7iirJ3ncQaVMBGE2YX-WCeoAVIChb6NAzoFcKCFChMsrixJvD7ZRbvcaC-ceXEzXYaoH4K5vaoRDsUyBHFkpIDPnsn3bnzovbvi0a2Gg=s660" alt="Alternative text 1" id="graphic003"/><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This formula is important because…</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image" id="fig-1"><img src="foo.png" alt="baz"/><figcaption>bar</figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="code-blocks">Code Blocks</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Code:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---- (should be four hyphens)

sub status {
    print working;
}

this code block is indented by one tab</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>    this code block is indented by two tabs

These should not be escaped:  \$ \\ \ \[ \{</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="lists">Lists</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="unordered">Unordered</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Asterisks tight:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>asterisk 1</li><li>asterisk 2</li><li>asterisk 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Asterisks loose:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>asterisk 1</li><li>asterisk 2</li><li>asterisk 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pluses tight:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Plus 1</li><li>Plus 2</li><li>Plus 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pluses loose:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Plus 1</li><li>Plus 2</li><li>Plus 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Minuses tight:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Minus 1</li><li>Minus 2</li><li>Minus 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Minuses loose:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Minus 1</li><li>Minus 2</li><li>Minus 3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="ordered">Ordered</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tight:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>First</li><li>Second</li><li>Third</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>and:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>One</li><li>Two</li><li>Three</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Loose using tabs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>First</li><li>Second</li><li>Third</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>and using spaces:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>One</li><li>Two</li><li>Three</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Multiple paragraphs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><p>Item 1, graf one.</p><p>Item 1. graf two. The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog&#039;s back.</p></li><li>Item 2.</li><li>Item 3.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>List styles:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>one</li><li>two</li><li>three</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>one</li><li>two</li><li>three</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="nested">Nested</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Tab<ul><li>Tab<ul><li>Tab</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s another:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>First</li><li>Second:<ul><li>Fee</li><li>Fie</li><li>Foe</li></ul></li><li>Third</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Same thing but with paragraphs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>First</li><li>Second:<ul><li>Fee</li><li>Fie</li><li>Foe</li></ul></li><li>Third</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tabs-and-spaces">Tabs and spaces</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>this is a list item indented with tabs</li><li>this is a list item indented with spaces<ul><li>this is an example list item indented with tabs</li><li>this is an example list item indented with spaces</li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="fancy-list-markers">Fancy list markers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Autonumbering:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Autonumber.</li><li>More.<ol><li>Nested.</li></ol></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="definition">Definition</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Violin</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Stringed musical instrument.</p><p>Torture device.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>CelloVioloncello</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Low-voiced stringed instrument.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="list-inside-paragraph">List inside a paragraph</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Start of a paragraph. •Red•Blue End of paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="inline-markup">Inline Markup</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is <em>emphasized</em>, and so <em>is this</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is <strong>strong</strong>, and so <strong>is this</strong>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Empty  and .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An <em><a href="/url">emphasized link</a></em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is code: , <code>$</code>, <code>\</code>, <code>\$</code>, <code>html</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is small caps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These are all underlined: foo and bar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These are all strikethrough: foo, bar, and baz.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="smart-quotes-ellipses-dashes">Smart quotes, ellipses, dashes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hello, said the spider. &#039;Shelob&#039; is my name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&#039;A&#039;, &#039;B&#039;, and &#039;C&#039; are letters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&#039;Oak,&#039; &#039;elm,&#039; and &#039;beech&#039; are names of trees. So is &#039;pine.&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&#039;He said, I want to go.&#039; Were you alive in the 70&#039;s?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is some quoted &#039;<code>code</code>&#039; and a <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">quoted link</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some dashes: one---two --- three--four -- five.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dashes between numbers: 5-7, 255-66, 1987-1999.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ellipses...and. . .and . . . .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="latex">LaTeX</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>\cite[22-23]{smith.1899}</li><li>\doublespacing</li><li>$2+2=4$</li><li>$x \in y$</li><li>$\alpha \wedge \omega$</li><li>$223$</li><li>$p$-Tree</li><li>$\frac{d}{dx}f(x)=\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}$</li><li>Here&#039;s one that has a line break in it: $\alpha + \omega \times x^2$.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These shouldn&#039;t be math:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>To get the famous equation, write <code>$e = mc^2$</code>.</li><li>$22,000 is a <em>lot</em> of money. So is $34,000. (It worked if lot is emphasized.)</li><li>Escaped <code>$</code>: $73 <em>this should be emphasized</em> 23$.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a LaTeX table:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline Animal Number \\ \hline Dog 2 \\ Cat 1 \\ \hline \end{tabular}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="special-characters">Special Characters</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is some unicode:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>I hat: Î</li><li>o umlaut: ö</li><li>section: §</li><li>set membership: elem</li><li>copyright: ©</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ATT has an ampersand in their name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ATT is another way to write it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>4 5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>6 5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Backslash: \</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Backtick: `</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Asterisk: *</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Underscore: _</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Left brace: {</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Right brace: }</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Left bracket: [</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Right bracket: ]</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Left paren: (</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Right paren: )</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Greater-than:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hash: #</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Period: .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bang: !</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Plus: +</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Minus: -</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="links">Links</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="explicit">Explicit</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Just a <a href="/url/">URL</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/">URL and title</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/">URL and title</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/">URL and title</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/">URL and title</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/">URL and title</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Email link (nobody [at] nowhere.net)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="#">Empty</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="reference">Reference</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With <a href="/url/">embedded [brackets]</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url/">b</a> by itself should be a link.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indented <a href="/url">once</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indented <a href="/url">twice</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indented <a href="/url">thrice</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This should [not] be a link.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[not]: /url</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">biz</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="with-ampersands">With ampersands</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">link with an ampersand in the URL</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s a link with an amersand in the link text: <a href="http://att.com/">ATT</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link in pointy braces</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="autolinks">Autolinks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With an ampersand: <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">http://example.com/?foo=1bar=2</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>In a list?</li><li><a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></li><li>It should.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An e-mail address: nobody [at] nowhere.net</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blockquoted: <a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Auto-links should not occur here: <code>http://example.com/</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>or here: http://example.com/</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="images">Images</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>From Voyage dans la Lune by Georges Melies (1902):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="lalune.jpg" alt="" title="Voyage dans la Lune"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is a movie <img src="movie.jpg" alt=""/> icon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here is a footnote reference<a href="#note_1">(1)</a>, and another<a href="#note_longnote">(longnote)</a>. This should <em>not</em> be a footnote reference, because it contains a space^(my note).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="#ref_1">(1)</a> Here is the footnote. It can go anywhere in the document, not just at the end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="#ref_longnote">(longnote)</a> Here&#039;s the other note. This one contains multiple blocks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Caret characters are used to indicate that the blocks all belong to a single footnote (as with block quotes).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>  { code }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you want, you can use a caret at the beginning of every line, as with blockquotes, but all that you need is a caret at the beginning of the first line of the block and any preceding blank lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text <em>Leading space</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Trailing space</em> text</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text <em>Leading spaces</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>Trailing spaces</em> text</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="tables">Tables</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tables-with-headers">Tables with Headers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>r1a</th><th>r1b</th><th>r1c</th></tr><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tables-without-headers">Tables without Headers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="table-with-spans-and-alignments">Tables with spans and alignments</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2">1</th><th>2</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="2">1</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2">4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">7</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="table-with-footer">Table with footer</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr></thead><tbody></tbody><tfoot><tr><td>f1</td><td>f2</td><td>f3</td></tr><tr><td>f4</td><td>f5</td><td>f6</td></tr></tfoot></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="table-with-multiple-bodies">Table With Multiple Bodies</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>a1</th><th>a2</th><th>a3</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>b1</td><td>b2</td><td>b3</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="empty-tables">Empty Tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This section should be empty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>References</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p id="ref_1">This is reference 1</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p id="ref_longnote">This is a long note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Notes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p id="note_1">This is note 1</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p id="note_longnote">This is another long note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>This is a set of tests for pandoc. Most of them are adapted from John Gruber&#039;s markdown test suite.</p>
<h1 id="headers">Headers</h1>
<h2 id="level-2-with-an-embedded-link">Level 2 with an embedded link</h2>
<h3 id="level-3-with-emphasis">Level 3 with emphasis</h3>
<h4 id="level-4">Level 4</h4>
<h5 id="level-5">Level 5</h5>
<h1 id="level-1">Level 1</h1>
<h2 id="level-2-with-emphasis">Level 2 with emphasis</h2>
<h3 id="level-3">Level 3</h3>
<p>with no blank line</p>
<h2 id="level-2">Level 2</h2>
<p>with no blank line</p>
<h1 id="paragraphs">Paragraphs</h1>
<p>Here&#039;s a regular paragraph.</p>
<p>In Markdown 1.0.0 and earlier. Version 8. This line turns into a list item. Because a hard-wrapped line in the middle of a paragraph looked like a list item.</p>
<p>Here&#039;s one with a bullet. * criminey.</p>
<p>There should be a <strong>hard line break</strong>here.</p>
<h1 id="statements">Statements</h1>
<p>A label for a statement</p>
<h1>CAP TITLE</h1>
<p>Some text to make this regular</p>
<h1 id="block-quotes">Block Quotes</h1>
<p>E-mail style:</p>
<p>This is a block quote. It is pretty short.</p>
<p>Code in a block quote:</p>
<pre><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre>
<p>A list:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>item one</p></li>
<li><p>item two</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Nested block quotes:</p>
<p>nested</p>
<p>nested</p>
<p>This should not be a block quote: 2 &gt; 1.</p>
<p>Box-style:</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<pre><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre>
<ol>
<li><p>do laundry</p></li>
<li><p>take out the trash</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Here&#039;s a nested one:</p>
<p>Joe said:</p>
<p>Don&#039;t quote me.</p>
<p>And a following paragraph.</p>
<p>Here is a block quote inside a paragraph. Start of a paragraph is here, and the quote is below: My block quote End of a paragraph</p>
<h1 id="formulae">Formulae</h1>
<h2 id="inline-formulae">Inline formulae with inline-formula</h2>
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph</strong>, should be natively coded inside the paragraph, and show inline:</p>
<p>Einstein showed that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math>. This formula is important because…</p>
<h2 id="disp-formulae">Block formulae with disp-formula</h2>
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph</strong>, should be natively coded inside the paragraph, but show as block:</p>
<p>Einstein showed that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math>. This formula is important because…</p>
<p><strong>Outside a paragraph</strong>, should show as block:</p>
<p>Einstein showed that</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></p>
<p>This formula is important because…</p>
<h2 id="no-formula-wrapper">Without a formula wrapper</h2>
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph</strong>, should show inline:</p>
<p>Einstein showed that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math>. This formula is important because…</p>
<p><strong>Outside a paragraph</strong>, should show as block:</p>
<p>Einstein showed that</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></p>
<p>This formula is important because…</p>
<h2 id="misc-formulae">Formulae with miscelaneus elements</h2>
<p>Regardless of whether or not they are inside a paragraph, should be wrapped in a div, and displayed in a block:</p>
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph:</strong></p>
<p>Einstein definitely showed that Abstract text<img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/dB7iirJ3ncQaVMBGE2YX-WCeoAVIChb6NAzoFcKCFChMsrixJvD7ZRbvcaC-ceXEzXYaoH4K5vaoRDsUyBHFkpIDPnsn3bnzovbvi0a2Gg=s660" title="This is the title of the graphic" alt="Alternative text of the graphic" id="graphic001" /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math>. This formula is important because…</p>
<p><strong>Outside of a paragraph:</strong></p>
<p>Paragraph before: Einstein showed that</p>
<p>Abstract text<img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/dB7iirJ3ncQaVMBGE2YX-WCeoAVIChb6NAzoFcKCFChMsrixJvD7ZRbvcaC-ceXEzXYaoH4K5vaoRDsUyBHFkpIDPnsn3bnzovbvi0a2Gg=s660" alt="Alternative text 1" id="graphic003" /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></p>
<p>This formula is important because…</p>
<figure id="fig-1">
<img src="foo.png" alt="baz" />
<figcaption>bar</figcaption>
</figure>
<h1 id="code-blocks">Code Blocks</h1>
<p>Code:</p>
<pre><code>---- (should be four hyphens)

sub status {
    print working;
}

this code block is indented by one tab</code></pre>
<p>And:</p>
<pre><code>    this code block is indented by two tabs

These should not be escaped:  \$ \\ \ \[ \{</code></pre>
<h1 id="lists">Lists</h1>
<h2 id="unordered">Unordered</h2>
<p>Asterisks tight:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>asterisk 1</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 2</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Asterisks loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>asterisk 1</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 2</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Pluses tight:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Plus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Pluses loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Plus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Minuses tight:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Minus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Minuses loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Minus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="ordered">Ordered</h2>
<p>Tight:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second</p></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<p>and:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>One</p></li>
<li><p>Two</p></li>
<li><p>Three</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Loose using tabs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second</p></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<p>and using spaces:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>One</p></li>
<li><p>Two</p></li>
<li><p>Three</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Multiple paragraphs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Item 1, graf one.</p>
<p>Item 1. graf two. The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog&#039;s back.</p></li>
<li><p>Item 2.</p></li>
<li><p>Item 3.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>List styles:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>one</p></li>
<li><p>two</p></li>
<li><p>three</p></li>
</ol>
<ol>
<li><p>one</p></li>
<li><p>two</p></li>
<li><p>three</p></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="nested">Nested</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>Tab</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Tab</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Tab</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>Here&#039;s another:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Fee</p></li>
<li><p>Fie</p></li>
<li><p>Foe</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Same thing but with paragraphs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Fee</p></li>
<li><p>Fie</p></li>
<li><p>Foe</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="tabs-and-spaces">Tabs and spaces</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>this is a list item indented with tabs</p></li>
<li><p>this is a list item indented with spaces</p>
<ul>
<li><p>this is an example list item indented with tabs</p></li>
<li><p>this is an example list item indented with spaces</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="fancy-list-markers">Fancy list markers</h2>
<p>Autonumbering:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Autonumber.</p></li>
<li><p>More.</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Nested.</p></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="definition">Definition</h2>
<dl>
<dt>Violin</dt>
<dd>
<p>Stringed musical instrument.</p>
<p>Torture device.</p>
</dd>
<dt>CelloVioloncello</dt>
<dd>
<p>Low-voiced stringed instrument.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="list-inside-paragraph">List inside a paragraph</h2>
<p>Start of a paragraph. •Red•Blue End of paragraph.</p>
<h1 id="inline-markup">Inline Markup</h1>
<p>This is <em>emphasized</em>, and so <em>is this</em>.</p>
<p>This is <strong>strong</strong>, and so <strong>is this</strong>.</p>
<p>Empty  and .</p>
<p>An <em><a href="/url">emphasized link</a></em>.</p>
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<p>This is code: , <code>$</code>, <code>\</code>, <code>\$</code>, <code>html</code>.</p>
<p>This is small caps.</p>
<p>These are all underlined: foo and bar.</p>
<p>These are all strikethrough: foo, bar, and baz.</p>
<h1 id="smart-quotes-ellipses-dashes">Smart quotes, ellipses, dashes</h1>
<p>Hello, said the spider. &#039;Shelob&#039; is my name.</p>
<p>&#039;A&#039;, &#039;B&#039;, and &#039;C&#039; are letters.</p>
<p>&#039;Oak,&#039; &#039;elm,&#039; and &#039;beech&#039; are names of trees. So is &#039;pine.&#039;</p>
<p>&#039;He said, I want to go.&#039; Were you alive in the 70&#039;s?</p>
<p>Here is some quoted &#039;<code>code</code>&#039; and a <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">quoted link</a>.</p>
<p>Some dashes: one---two --- three--four -- five.</p>
<p>Dashes between numbers: 5-7, 255-66, 1987-1999.</p>
<p>Ellipses...and. . .and . . . .</p>
<h1 id="latex">LaTeX</h1>
<ul>
<li><p>\cite[22-23]{smith.1899}</p></li>
<li><p>\doublespacing</p></li>
<li><p>$2+2=4$</p></li>
<li><p>$x \in y$</p></li>
<li><p>$\alpha \wedge \omega$</p></li>
<li><p>$223$</p></li>
<li><p>$p$-Tree</p></li>
<li><p>$\frac{d}{dx}f(x)=\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}$</p></li>
<li><p>Here&#039;s one that has a line break in it: $\alpha + \omega \times x^2$.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>These shouldn&#039;t be math:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>To get the famous equation, write <code>$e = mc^2$</code>.</p></li>
<li><p>$22,000 is a <em>lot</em> of money. So is $34,000. (It worked if lot is emphasized.)</p></li>
<li><p>Escaped <code>$</code>: $73 <em>this should be emphasized</em> 23$.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Here&#039;s a LaTeX table:</p>
<p>\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline Animal Number \\ \hline Dog 2 \\ Cat 1 \\ \hline \end{tabular}</p>
<h1 id="special-characters">Special Characters</h1>
<p>Here is some unicode:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>I hat: Î</p></li>
<li><p>o umlaut: ö</p></li>
<li><p>section: §</p></li>
<li><p>set membership: elem</p></li>
<li><p>copyright: ©</p></li>
</ul>
<p>ATT has an ampersand in their name.</p>
<p>ATT is another way to write it.</p>
<p>This that.</p>
<p>4 5.</p>
<p>6 5.</p>
<p>Backslash: \</p>
<p>Backtick: `</p>
<p>Asterisk: *</p>
<p>Underscore: _</p>
<p>Left brace: {</p>
<p>Right brace: }</p>
<p>Left bracket: [</p>
<p>Right bracket: ]</p>
<p>Left paren: (</p>
<p>Right paren: )</p>
<p>Greater-than:</p>
<p>Hash: #</p>
<p>Period: .</p>
<p>Bang: !</p>
<p>Plus: +</p>
<p>Minus: -</p>
<h1 id="links">Links</h1>
<h2 id="explicit">Explicit</h2>
<p>Just a <a href="/url/">URL</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/">URL and title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/">URL and title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/">URL and title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/">URL and title</a></p>
<p><a href="/url/">URL and title</a></p>
<p>Email link (nobody [at] nowhere.net)</p>
<p><a href="#">Empty</a>.</p>
<h2 id="reference">Reference</h2>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>With <a href="/url/">embedded [brackets]</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/">b</a> by itself should be a link.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">once</a>.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">twice</a>.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">thrice</a>.</p>
<p>This should [not] be a link.</p>
<pre><code>[not]: /url</code></pre>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">biz</a>.</p>
<h2 id="with-ampersands">With ampersands</h2>
<p>Here&#039;s a <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">link with an ampersand in the URL</a>.</p>
<p>Here&#039;s a link with an amersand in the link text: <a href="http://att.com/">ATT</a>.</p>
<p>Here&#039;s an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link</a>.</p>
<p>Here&#039;s an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link in pointy braces</a>.</p>
<h2 id="autolinks">Autolinks</h2>
<p>With an ampersand: <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">http://example.com/?foo=1bar=2</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p>In a list?</p></li>
<li><p><a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></p></li>
<li><p>It should.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>An e-mail address: nobody [at] nowhere.net</p>
<p>Blockquoted: <a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></p>
<p>Auto-links should not occur here: <code>http://example.com/</code></p>
<pre><code>or here: http://example.com/</code></pre>
<h1 id="images">Images</h1>
<p>From Voyage dans la Lune by Georges Melies (1902):</p>
<p><img src="lalune.jpg" title="Voyage dans la Lune" /></p>
<p>Here is a movie <img src="movie.jpg" /> icon.</p>
<h1 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h1>
<p>Here is a footnote reference<a href="#note_1">(1)</a>, and another<a href="#note_longnote">(longnote)</a>. This should <em>not</em> be a footnote reference, because it contains a space^(my note).</p>
<p><a href="#ref_1">(1)</a> Here is the footnote. It can go anywhere in the document, not just at the end.</p>
<p><a href="#ref_longnote">(longnote)</a> Here&#039;s the other note. This one contains multiple blocks.</p>
<p>Caret characters are used to indicate that the blocks all belong to a single footnote (as with block quotes).</p>
<pre><code>  { code }</code></pre>
<p>If you want, you can use a caret at the beginning of every line, as with blockquotes, but all that you need is a caret at the beginning of the first line of the block and any preceding blank lines.</p>
<p>text <em>Leading space</em></p>
<p><em>Trailing space</em> text</p>
<p>text <em>Leading spaces</em></p>
<p><em>Trailing spaces</em> text</p>
<h1 id="tables">Tables</h1>
<h2 id="tables-with-headers">Tables with Headers</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>r1a</th><th>r1b</th><th>r1c</th></tr>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>X</th><th>Y</th><th>Z</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="tables-without-headers">Tables without Headers</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="table-with-spans-and-alignments">Tables with spans and alignments</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2">1</th><th>2</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td colspan="2">1</td><td>2</td></tr>
<tr><td rowspan="2">4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2">7</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="table-with-footer">Table with footer</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>3</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr><td>f1</td><td>f2</td><td>f3</td></tr>
<tr><td>f4</td><td>f5</td><td>f6</td></tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
<h2 id="table-with-multiple-bodies">Table With Multiple Bodies</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>a1</th><th>a2</th><th>a3</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>b1</td><td>b2</td><td>b3</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="empty-tables">Empty Tables</h2>
<p>This section should be empty.</p>
<h1>References</h1>
<p id="ref_1">This is reference 1</p>
<p id="ref_longnote">This is a long note</p>
<h1>Notes</h1>
<p id="note_1">This is note 1</p>
<p id="note_longnote">This is another long note</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>This is a set of tests for pandoc. Most of them are adapted from John
Gruber's markdown test suite.</p>
<h1 id="headers">Headers</h1>
<h2 id="level-2-with-an-embedded-link">Level 2 with an <a
href="/url">embedded link</a></h2>
<h3 id="level-3-with-emphasis">Level 3 with <em>emphasis</em></h3>
<h4 id="level-4">Level 4</h4>
<h5 id="level-5">Level 5</h5>
<h1 id="level-1">Level 1</h1>
<h2 id="level-2-with-emphasis">Level 2 with <em>emphasis</em></h2>
<h3 id="level-3">Level 3</h3>
<p>with no blank line</p>
<h2 id="level-2">Level 2</h2>
<p>with no blank line</p>
<h1 id="paragraphs">Paragraphs</h1>
<p>Here's a regular paragraph.</p>
<p>In Markdown 1.0.0 and earlier. Version 8. This line turns into a list
item. Because a hard-wrapped line in the middle of a paragraph looked
like a list item.</p>
<p>Here's one with a bullet. * criminey.</p>
<p>There should be a <strong>hard line break<br />
</strong>here.</p>
<h1 id="statements">Statements</h1>
<h2>CAP TITLE</h2>
<p>Some text to make this regular</p>
<h1 id="block-quotes">Block Quotes</h1>
<p>E-mail style:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This is a block quote. It is pretty short.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>Code in a block quote:</p>
<pre><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre>
<p>A list:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>item one</p></li>
<li><p>item two</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Nested block quotes:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>nested</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>nested</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p>This should not be a block quote: 2 &gt; 1.</p>
<p>Box-style:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Example:</p>
<pre><code>sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li><p>do laundry</p></li>
<li><p>take out the trash</p></li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>Here's a nested one:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Joe said:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Don't quote me.</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p>And a following paragraph.</p>
<p>Here is a block quote inside a paragraph. Start of a paragraph is
here, and the quote is below:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>My block quote</p>
</blockquote>
<p>End of a paragraph</p>
<h1 id="formulae">Formulae</h1>
<h2 id="inline-formulae">Inline formulae with
<em>inline-formula</em></h2>
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph</strong>, should be natively coded inside
the paragraph, and show inline:</p>
<p>Einstein showed that <span
class="math inline"><em>e</em> = <em>m</em><em>c</em><sup>2</sup></span>.
This formula is important because…</p>
<h2 id="disp-formulae">Block formulae with <em>disp-formula</em></h2>
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph</strong>, should be natively coded inside
the paragraph, but show as block:</p>
<p>Einstein showed that <span
class="math display"><em>e</em> = <em>m</em><em>c</em><sup>2</sup></span>.
This formula is important because…</p>
<p><strong>Outside a paragraph</strong>, should show as block:</p>
<p>Einstein showed that</p>
<div class="disp-formula">
<p><span
class="math display"><em>e</em> = <em>m</em><em>c</em><sup>2</sup></span></p>
</div>
<p>This formula is important because…</p>
<h2 id="no-formula-wrapper">Without a formula wrapper</h2>
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph</strong>, should show inline:</p>
<p>Einstein showed that <span
class="math inline"><em>e</em> = <em>m</em><em>c</em><sup>2</sup></span>.
This formula is important because…</p>
<p><strong>Outside a paragraph</strong>, should show as block:</p>
<p>Einstein showed that</p>
<p><span
class="math display"><em>e</em> = <em>m</em><em>c</em><sup>2</sup></span></p>
<p>This formula is important because…</p>
<h2 id="misc-formulae">Formulae with miscelaneus elements</h2>
<p>Regardless of whether or not they are inside a paragraph, should be
wrapped in a div, and displayed in a block:</p>
<p><strong>Inside a paragraph:</strong></p>
<p>Einstein definitely showed that</p>
<div class="disp-formula">
<p>Abstract text</p>
<p><img
src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/dB7iirJ3ncQaVMBGE2YX-WCeoAVIChb6NAzoFcKCFChMsrixJvD7ZRbvcaC-ceXEzXYaoH4K5vaoRDsUyBHFkpIDPnsn3bnzovbvi0a2Gg=s660"
title="This is the title of the graphic" id="graphic001"
class="This is the role of graphic"
alt="Alternative text of the graphic" /></p>
<p><span
class="math display"><em>e</em> = <em>m</em><em>c</em><sup>2</sup></span></p>
</div>
<p>. This formula is important because…</p>
<p><strong>Outside of a paragraph:</strong></p>
<p>Paragraph before: Einstein showed that</p>
<div class="disp-formula">
<p>Abstract text</p>
<p><img src="Title 3" id="graphic003" alt="Alternative text 1" /></p>
<p><span
class="math display"><em>e</em> = <em>m</em><em>c</em><sup>2</sup></span></p>
</div>
<p>This formula is important because…</p>
<figure id="fig-1">
alternative-decription
<p><img src="foo.png" /></p>
<figcaption>bar</figcaption>
</figure>
<h1 id="code-blocks">Code Blocks</h1>
<p>Code:</p>
<pre><code>---- (should be four hyphens)

sub status {
    print &quot;working&quot;;
}

this code block is indented by one tab</code></pre>
<p>And:</p>
<pre><code>    this code block is indented by two tabs

These should not be escaped:  \$ \\ \&gt; \[ \{</code></pre>
<h1 id="lists">Lists</h1>
<h2 id="unordered">Unordered</h2>
<p>Asterisks tight:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>asterisk 1</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 2</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Asterisks loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>asterisk 1</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 2</p></li>
<li><p>asterisk 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Pluses tight:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Plus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Pluses loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Plus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Plus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Minuses tight:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Minus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Minuses loose:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Minus 1</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 2</p></li>
<li><p>Minus 3</p></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="ordered">Ordered</h2>
<p>Tight:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second</p></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<p>and:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>One</p></li>
<li><p>Two</p></li>
<li><p>Three</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Loose using tabs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second</p></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<p>and using spaces:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>One</p></li>
<li><p>Two</p></li>
<li><p>Three</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Multiple paragraphs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Item 1, graf one.</p>
<p>Item 1. graf two. The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog's
back.</p></li>
<li><p>Item 2.</p></li>
<li><p>Item 3.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>List styles:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>one</p></li>
<li><p>two</p></li>
<li><p>three</p></li>
</ol>
<ol type="i">
<li><p>one</p></li>
<li><p>two</p></li>
<li><p>three</p></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="nested">Nested</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>Tab</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Tab</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Tab</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>Here's another:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Fee</p></li>
<li><p>Fie</p></li>
<li><p>Foe</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Same thing but with paragraphs:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>First</p></li>
<li><p>Second:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Fee</p></li>
<li><p>Fie</p></li>
<li><p>Foe</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>Third</p></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="tabs-and-spaces">Tabs and spaces</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>this is a list item indented with tabs</p></li>
<li><p>this is a list item indented with spaces</p>
<ul>
<li><p>this is an example list item indented with tabs</p></li>
<li><p>this is an example list item indented with spaces</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="fancy-list-markers">Fancy list markers</h2>
<p>Autonumbering:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Autonumber.</p></li>
<li><p>More.</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Nested.</p></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="definition">Definition</h2>
<dl>
<dt>Violin</dt>
<dd>
<p>Stringed musical instrument.</p>
<p>Torture device.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Cello<strong><br />
</strong>Violoncello</dt>
<dd>
<p>Low-voiced stringed instrument.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="list-inside-paragraph">List inside a paragraph</h2>
<p>Start of a paragraph.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Red</p></li>
<li><p>Blue</p></li>
</ul>
<p>End of paragraph.</p>
<h1 id="inline-markup">Inline Markup</h1>
<p>This is <em>emphasized</em>, and so <em>is this</em>.</p>
<p>This is <strong>strong</strong>, and so <strong>is this</strong>.</p>
<p>Empty <strong></strong> and <em></em>.</p>
<p>An <em><a href="/url">emphasized link</a></em>.</p>
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<p><strong><em>This is strong and em.</em></strong></p>
<p>So is <strong><em>this</em></strong> word.</p>
<p>This is code: <code>&gt;</code>, <code>$</code>, <code>\</code>,
<code>\$</code>, <code>&lt;html&gt;</code>.</p>
<p>This is <span class="smallcaps">small caps</span>.</p>
<p>These are all underlined: foo and bar.</p>
<p>These are all strikethrough: <del>foo</del>, <del>bar</del>, and
<del>baz</del>.</p>
<h1 id="smart-quotes-ellipses-dashes">Smart quotes, ellipses,
dashes</h1>
<p>"Hello," said the spider. "'Shelob' is my name."</p>
<p>'A', 'B', and 'C' are letters.</p>
<p>'Oak,' 'elm,' and 'beech' are names of trees. So is 'pine.'</p>
<p>'He said, "I want to go."' Were you alive in the 70's?</p>
<p>Here is some quoted '<code>code</code>' and a "<a
href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">quoted link</a>".</p>
<p>Some dashes: one---two --- three--four -- five.</p>
<p>Dashes between numbers: 5-7, 255-66, 1987-1999.</p>
<p>Ellipses...and. . .and . . . .</p>
<h1 id="latex">LaTeX</h1>
<ul>
<li><p>\cite[22-23]{smith.1899}</p></li>
<li><p>\doublespacing</p></li>
<li><p>$2+2=4$</p></li>
<li><p>$x \in y$</p></li>
<li><p>$\alpha \wedge \omega$</p></li>
<li><p>$223$</p></li>
<li><p>$p$-Tree</p></li>
<li><p>$\frac{d}{dx}f(x)=\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}$</p></li>
<li><p>Here's one that has a line break in it: $\alpha + \omega \times
x^2$.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>These shouldn't be math:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>To get the famous equation, write
<code>$e = mc^2$</code>.</p></li>
<li><p>$22,000 is a <em>lot</em> of money. So is $34,000. (It worked if
"lot" is emphasized.)</p></li>
<li><p>Escaped <code>$</code>: $73 <em>this should be emphasized</em>
23$.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Here's a LaTeX table:</p>
<p>\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline Animal &amp; Number \\ \hline Dog &amp;
2 \\ Cat &amp; 1 \\ \hline \end{tabular}</p>
<h1 id="special-characters">Special Characters</h1>
<p>Here is some unicode:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>I hat: Î</p></li>
<li><p>o umlaut: ö</p></li>
<li><p>section: §</p></li>
<li><p>set membership: elem</p></li>
<li><p>copyright: ©</p></li>
</ul>
<p>AT&amp;T has an ampersand in their name.</p>
<p>AT&amp;T is another way to write it.</p>
<p>This &amp; that.</p>
<p>4 &lt; 5.</p>
<p>6 &gt; 5.</p>
<p>Backslash: \</p>
<p>Backtick: `</p>
<p>Asterisk: *</p>
<p>Underscore: _</p>
<p>Left brace: {</p>
<p>Right brace: }</p>
<p>Left bracket: [</p>
<p>Right bracket: ]</p>
<p>Left paren: (</p>
<p>Right paren: )</p>
<p>Greater-than: &gt;</p>
<p>Hash: #</p>
<p>Period: .</p>
<p>Bang: !</p>
<p>Plus: +</p>
<p>Minus: -</p>
<h1 id="links">Links</h1>
<h2 id="explicit">Explicit</h2>
<p>Just a <a href="/url/">URL</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title">URL and title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title preceded by two spaces">URL and
title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title preceded by a tab">URL and
title</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title with &quot;quotes&quot; in it">URL and
title</a></p>
<p><a href="/url/" title="title with single quotes">URL and
title</a></p>
<p>Email link (nobody [at] nowhere.net)</p>
<p><a href="">Empty</a>.</p>
<h2 id="reference">Reference</h2>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/">bar</a>.</p>
<p>With <a href="/url/">embedded [brackets]</a>.</p>
<p><a href="/url/">b</a> by itself should be a link.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">once</a>.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">twice</a>.</p>
<p>Indented <a href="/url">thrice</a>.</p>
<p>This should [not] be a link.</p>
<pre><code>[not]: /url</code></pre>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/"
title="Title with &quot;quotes&quot; inside">bar</a>.</p>
<p>Foo <a href="/url/"
title="Title with &quot;quote&quot; inside">biz</a>.</p>
<h2 id="with-ampersands">With ampersands</h2>
<p>Here's a <a href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">link with an
ampersand in the URL</a>.</p>
<p>Here's a link with an amersand in the link text: <a
href="http://att.com/" title="AT&amp;T">AT&amp;T</a>.</p>
<p>Here's an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link</a>.</p>
<p>Here's an <a href="/script?foo=1&amp;bar=2">inline link in pointy
braces</a>.</p>
<h2 id="autolinks">Autolinks</h2>
<p>With an ampersand: <a
href="http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2">http://example.com/?foo=1&amp;bar=2</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p>In a list?</p></li>
<li><p><a href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></p></li>
<li><p>It should.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>An e-mail address: nobody [at] nowhere.net</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Blockquoted: <a
href="http://example.com/">http://example.com/</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>Auto-links should not occur here:
<code>&lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></p>
<pre><code>or here: &lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></pre>
<h1 id="images">Images</h1>
<p>From "Voyage dans la Lune" by Georges Melies (1902):</p>
<p><img src="lalune.jpg" title="Voyage dans la Lune" /></p>
<p>Here is a movie <img src="movie.jpg" /> icon.</p>
<h1 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h1>
<p>Here is a footnote reference<a href="#note_1">(1)</a>, and another<a
href="#note_longnote">(longnote)</a>. This should <em>not</em> be a
footnote reference, because it contains a space^(my note).</p>
<p><a href="#ref_1">(1)</a> Here is the footnote. It can go anywhere in
the document, not just at the end.</p>
<p><a href="#ref_longnote">(longnote)</a> Here's the other note. This
one contains multiple blocks.</p>
<p>Caret characters are used to indicate that the blocks all belong to a
single footnote (as with block quotes).</p>
<pre><code>  { &lt;code&gt; }</code></pre>
<p>If you want, you can use a caret at the beginning of every line, as
with blockquotes, but all that you need is a caret at the beginning of
the first line of the block and any preceding blank lines.</p>
<p>text <em>Leading space</em></p>
<p><em>Trailing space</em> text</p>
<p>text <em>Leading spaces</em></p>
<p><em>Trailing spaces</em> text</p>
<h1 id="tables">Tables</h1>
<h2 id="tables-with-headers">Tables with Headers</h2>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>X</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Y</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Z</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>X</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Y</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Z</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>X</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Y</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Z</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>X</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Y</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Z</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>X</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Y</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Z</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>X</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Y</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Z</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>X</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Y</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Z</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>r1a</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>r1b</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>r1c</p></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>X</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Y</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Z</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>X</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Y</p></th>
<th style="text-align: left;"><p>Z</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h2 id="tables-without-headers">Tables without Headers</h2>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h2 id="table-with-spans-and-alignments">Tables with spans and
alignments</h2>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></th>
<th style="text-align: right;"><p>2</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><p>4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>6</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><p>7</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h2 id="table-with-footer">Table with footer</h2>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>3</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody><tfoot>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>f1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>f2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>f3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>f4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>f5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>f6</p></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>

</table>
</div>
<h2 id="table-with-multiple-bodies">Table With Multiple Bodies</h2>
<div class="table-wrap">
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>a1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>a2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>a3</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>b1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>b2</p></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><p>b3</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h2 id="empty-tables">Empty Tables</h2>
<p>This section should be empty.</p>
<h1>References</h1>
<div id="refs" role="list">

</div>
<h1>Notes</h1>
<div id="refs" role="list">

</div>
</body></html>
Bounded XML-family reader maps JATS article/book roots, titles, abstracts, body sections, lists, links, and tables into the shared AST while preserving the existing JATS/BITS diagnostic packet metadata. Full Pandoc JATS parity remains open.

jira

2 samples

Jira ticket markup

218 bytes | Inline Jira-style project markup.

h1. Import plan

This is a Jira wiki markup page from a migration ticket.

* Normalize headings
* Keep links like [WordPress|https://wordpress.org/]
* Emit block markup

||Format||Status||
|HTML|partial|
|DOCX|partial|

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Import plan</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is a Jira wiki markup page from a migration ticket.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Normalize headings</li><li>Keep links like <a href="https://wordpress.org/">WordPress</a></li><li>Emit block markup</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Format</p></th><th><p>Status</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>HTML</p></td><td><p>partial</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>DOCX</p></td><td><p>partial</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Import plan</h1>
<p>This is a Jira wiki markup page from a migration ticket.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Normalize headings</p></li>
<li><p>Keep links like <a href="https://wordpress.org/">WordPress</a></p></li>
<li><p>Emit block markup</p></li>
</ul>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Format</p></th><th><p>Status</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>HTML</p></td><td><p>partial</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>DOCX</p></td><td><p>partial</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Import plan</h1>
<p>This is a Jira wiki markup page from a migration ticket.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Normalize headings</p></li>
<li><p>Keep links like <a
href="https://wordpress.org/">WordPress</a></p></li>
<li><p>Emit block markup</p></li>
</ul>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><p>Format</p></th>
<th><p>Status</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p>HTML</p></td>
<td><p>partial</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>DOCX</p></td>
<td><p>partial</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
Bounded Jira wiki reader maps the pinned upstream Tests.Readers.Jira unit semantics for paragraphs, headings, lists, block quotes, tables, panels, core inline styles, links, images, and entities into the shared AST. Full jira-reader fixture parity remains open.

Jira release markup

94 bytes | Inline Jira-style release checklist.

h2. Release checklist

# Convert source files
# Review block markup
# Publish static showcase

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Release checklist</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Convert source files</li><li>Review block markup</li><li>Publish static showcase</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2>Release checklist</h2>
<ol>
<li><p>Convert source files</p></li>
<li><p>Review block markup</p></li>
<li><p>Publish static showcase</p></li>
</ol></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2>Release checklist</h2>
<ol>
<li><p>Convert source files</p></li>
<li><p>Review block markup</p></li>
<li><p>Publish static showcase</p></li>
</ol>
</body></html>
Bounded Jira wiki reader maps the pinned upstream Tests.Readers.Jira unit semantics for paragraphs, headings, lists, block quotes, tables, panels, core inline styles, links, images, and entities into the shared AST. Full jira-reader fixture parity remains open.

json

2 samples

Pandoc JSON AST

369 bytes | Inline Pandoc JSON AST document.

{
  "pandoc-api-version": [1, 23, 1],
  "meta": {
    "title": { "t": "MetaInlines", "c": [{ "t": "Str", "c": "Pandoc JSON sample" }] }
  },
  "blocks": [
    { "t": "Header", "c": [1, ["pandoc-json-sample", [], []], [{ "t": "Str", "c": "Pandoc JSON sample" }]] },
    { "t": "Para", "c": [{ "t": "Str", "c": "JSON AST input used by Pandoc-compatible tools." }] }
  ]
}

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="pandoc-json-sample">Pandoc JSON sample</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JSON AST input used by Pandoc-compatible tools.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="pandoc-json-sample">Pandoc JSON sample</h1>
<p>JSON AST input used by Pandoc-compatible tools.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="pandoc-json-sample">Pandoc JSON sample</h1>
<p>JSON AST input used by Pandoc-compatible tools.</p>
</body></html>
Reads the current Pandoc JSON AST encoding for the constructors covered by the shared PHP AST; complete constructor coverage remains open.

Pandoc JSON list AST

171 bytes | Inline Pandoc JSON AST list document.

{"pandoc-api-version":[1,23,1],"meta":{},"blocks":[{"t":"BulletList","c":[[{"t":"Plain","c":[{"t":"Str","c":"First"}]}],[{"t":"Plain","c":[{"t":"Str","c":"Second"}]}]]}]}

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>First</li><li>Second</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><ul>
<li>First</li>
<li>Second</li>
</ul></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><ul>
<li>First</li>
<li>Second</li>
</ul>
</body></html>
Reads the current Pandoc JSON AST encoding for the constructors covered by the shared PHP AST; complete constructor coverage remains open.

latex

3 samples

Native LaTeX academic article

1922 bytes | Checked-in port-libs LaTeX reader corpus with companion TeX, BibTeX, and SVG assets.

\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,graphicx,hyperref,booktabs,longtable}
\newcommand\project[1]{Project \textsc{#1}}
\title{A Native LaTeX Import Study}
\author{Ada Lovelace \and Grace Hopper}
\date{June 2026}

\begin{document}
\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
This article tests a semantic import path for \project{Harbor}. It keeps
\emph{meaningful structure} editable instead of reproducing page layout.
\end{abstract}

\tableofcontents

\section{Methods}\label{sec:methods}
The method uses \textbf{native PHP} and links to
\href{https://example.test/method}{the implementation note}. A footnote keeps
context\footnote{Footnotes become WordPress note references.} close to its text.

The energy estimate is $E = mc^2$.

\begin{equation}
  \alpha + \beta = \gamma
  \label{eq:identity}
\end{equation}

\begin{align}
  f(x) &= x^2 + 1 \\
  g(x) &= \frac{1}{x}
\end{align}

\begin{itemize}
  \item Preserve headings, labels, and links.
  \item Keep \texttt{inline code} as code.
\end{itemize}

\begin{enumerate}
  \item Parse source safely.
  \item Never execute TeX packages or shell escapes.
\end{enumerate}

\begin{quote}
Editable structure is more useful than a simulated printed page.
\end{quote}

\begin{figure}
  \includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{figures/architecture.svg}
  \caption[Architecture]{The import architecture.}
  \label{fig:architecture}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}
  \caption{Import quality gates.}
  \label{tab:gates}
  \begin{tabular}{lcr}
    \toprule
    Gate & Scope & Status \\
    \midrule
    Text & Paragraphs & Ready \\
    Media & Figures & Ready \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
\end{table}

As shown in \autoref{fig:architecture}, the table in \ref{tab:gates} supports
the method in \ref{sec:methods}. Equation \ref{eq:identity} remains math.
\citep[pp. 12--14]{knuth1984,lamport1994}

\input{appendix}

\bibliographystyle{plain}
\bibliography{references}
\end{document}

Download original file

Checked-in academic article with metadata, abstract, structure, math, lists, figure media, booktabs table, cross-references, local include, and BibTeX citations.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group latex-title-block">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="title">A Native LaTeX Import Study</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="latex-author">Ada Lovelace</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="latex-author">Grace Hopper</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="latex-date">June 2026</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group latex-abstract">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="abstract">Abstract</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This article tests a semantic import path for Project <span style="font-variant:small-caps">Harbor</span>. It keeps <em>meaningful structure</em> editable instead of reproducing page layout.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div id="table-of-contents" class="wp-block-group latex-table-of-contents">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="table-of-contents">Contents</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="latex-toc-list"><li><a href="#latex-sec:methods">Methods</a></li><li><a href="#latex-sec:appendix">Imported Appendix</a></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="latex-sec:methods">Methods</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The method uses <strong>native PHP</strong> and links to <a href="https://example.test/method">the implementation note</a>. A footnote keeps context<sup id="fnref-1"><a href="#fn-1" role="doc-noteref">1</a></sup> close to its text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The energy estimate is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">E = mc^2</annotation></semantics></math>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p id="latex-eq:identity" class="latex-display-math"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow id="eq:identity"><mi>α</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>β</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>γ</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\begin{equation}
\alpha + \beta = \gamma
  \label{eq:identity}
\end{equation}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="latex-display-math"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mtable columnalign="right left"><mtr><mtd><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo>=</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>g</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mi>x</mi></mfrac></mtd></mtr></mtable><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\begin{align}
f(x) &amp;= x^2 + 1 \\
  g(x) &amp;= \frac{1}{x}
\end{align}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Preserve headings, labels, and links.</p></li><li><p>Keep <code>inline code</code> as code.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><p>Parse source safely.</p></li><li><p>Never execute TeX packages or shell escapes.</p></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>Editable structure is more useful than a simulated printed page.</p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image latex-figure" id="latex-fig:architecture" data-pandoc-short-caption="Architecture"><img src="media/figures/architecture.svg" alt="The import architecture." data-pandoc-width="50%" style="width:50%" data-pandoc-media-source="figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="779" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bde2dcfd18a485011dbffb85278c4213df4dfba9" data-pandoc-media-source-path="figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="28b5ba1de55e6b38e7d689c08bd2f28bcb48d07e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><figcaption>The import architecture.</figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table id="latex-tab:gates" class="latex-tabular"><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">Gate</th><th style="text-align:center">Scope</th><th style="text-align:right">Status</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left">Text</td><td style="text-align:center">Paragraphs</td><td style="text-align:right">Ready</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Media</td><td style="text-align:center">Figures</td><td style="text-align:right">Ready</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Import quality gates.</figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As shown in <a href="#latex-fig:architecture">Figure 1</a>, the table in <a href="#latex-tab:gates">1</a> supports the method in <a href="#latex-sec:methods">Methods</a>. Equation <a href="#latex-eq:identity">1</a> remains math. (Knuth 1984; Lamport 1994, pp. 12--14)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="latex-sec:appendix">Imported Appendix</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The local include is parsed through a bounded PHP file resolver. Unknown commands such as <span class="pandoc-raw-tex" data-pandoc-latex-source="appendix.tex" data-pandoc-latex-line="3" data-pandoc-latex-column="18" title="appendix.tex:3:18 (custompublisher) - latex-unsupported-command:custompublisher">\custompublisher{review}</span> remain visible raw TeX instead of being executed or discarded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="references">References</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Knuth 1984</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Knuth, Donald E. The TeXbook. Addison-Wesley, 1984.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Lamport 1994</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Lamport, Leslie. LaTeX: A Document Preparation System. Addison-Wesley, 1994.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li id="fn-1"><p>Footnotes become WordPress note references.</p> <a href="#fnref-1" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div class="latex-title-block">
<h1 id="title">A Native LaTeX Import Study</h1>
<p class="latex-author">Ada Lovelace</p>
<p class="latex-author">Grace Hopper</p>
<p class="latex-date">June 2026</p>
</div>
<div class="latex-abstract">
<h2 id="abstract">Abstract</h2>
<p>This article tests a semantic import path for Project <span class="smallcaps">Harbor</span>. It keeps <em>meaningful structure</em> editable instead of reproducing page layout.</p>
</div>
<div id="table-of-contents" class="latex-table-of-contents">
<h2 id="table-of-contents">Contents</h2>
<ul class="latex-toc-list">
<li><a href="#latex-sec:methods">Methods</a></li>
<li><a href="#latex-sec:appendix">Imported Appendix</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h1 id="latex-sec:methods">Methods</h1>
<p>The method uses <strong>native PHP</strong> and links to <a href="https://example.test/method">the implementation note</a>. A footnote keeps context<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a> close to its text.</p>
<p>The energy estimate is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">E = mc^2</annotation></semantics></math>.</p>
<p id="latex-eq:identity" class="latex-display-math"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow id="eq:identity"><mi>α</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>β</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>γ</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\begin{equation}
\alpha + \beta = \gamma
  \label{eq:identity}
\end{equation}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<p class="latex-display-math"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mtable columnalign="right left"><mtr><mtd><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo>=</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>g</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mi>x</mi></mfrac></mtd></mtr></mtable><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\begin{align}
f(x) &amp;= x^2 + 1 \\
  g(x) &amp;= \frac{1}{x}
\end{align}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<ul>
<li><p>Preserve headings, labels, and links.</p></li>
<li><p>Keep <code>inline code</code> as code.</p></li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li><p>Parse source safely.</p></li>
<li><p>Never execute TeX packages or shell escapes.</p></li>
</ol>
<blockquote>
<p>Editable structure is more useful than a simulated printed page.</p>
</blockquote>
<figure id="latex-fig:architecture" class="latex-figure">
<img src="media/figures/architecture.svg" alt="The import architecture." data-pandoc-media-source="figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="779" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bde2dcfd18a485011dbffb85278c4213df4dfba9" data-pandoc-media-source-path="figures/architecture.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="28b5ba1de55e6b38e7d689c08bd2f28bcb48d07e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />
<figcaption aria-hidden="true">The import architecture.</figcaption>
</figure>
<table id="latex-tab:gates" class="latex-tabular">
<caption>Import quality gates.</caption>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">Gate</th><th style="text-align:center">Scope</th><th style="text-align:right">Status</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Text</td><td style="text-align:center">Paragraphs</td><td style="text-align:right">Ready</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Media</td><td style="text-align:center">Figures</td><td style="text-align:right">Ready</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>As shown in <a href="#latex-fig:architecture">Figure 1</a>, the table in <a href="#latex-tab:gates">1</a> supports the method in <a href="#latex-sec:methods">Methods</a>. Equation <a href="#latex-eq:identity">1</a> remains math. <span class="citation" data-cites="knuth1984 lamport1994">(Knuth 1984; Lamport 1994, pp. 12--14)</span></p>
<h2 id="latex-sec:appendix">Imported Appendix</h2>
<p>The local include is parsed through a bounded PHP file resolver. Unknown commands such as <span class="pandoc-raw-tex" data-pandoc-raw-format="" data-pandoc-latex-source="appendix.tex" data-pandoc-latex-line="3" data-pandoc-latex-column="18" title="appendix.tex:3:18 (custompublisher) - latex-unsupported-command:custompublisher">\custompublisher{review}</span> remain visible raw TeX instead of being executed or discarded.</p>
<div class="pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<h2 id="references">References</h2>
<dl>
<dt>Knuth 1984</dt>
<dd>
<p>Knuth, Donald E. The TeXbook. Addison-Wesley, 1984.</p>
</dd>
<dt>Lamport 1994</dt>
<dd>
<p>Lamport, Leslie. LaTeX: A Document Preparation System. Addison-Wesley, 1994.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>Footnotes become WordPress note references.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="sec:methods">Methods</h1>
<p>The method uses <strong>native PHP</strong> and links to <a
href="https://example.test/method">the implementation note</a>. A
footnote keeps context<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a> close to its text.</p>
<p>The energy estimate is <span
class="math inline"><em>E</em> = <em>m</em><em>c</em><sup>2</sup></span>.</p>
<p><span
class="math display"><em>α</em> + <em>β</em> = <em>γ</em></span></p>
<p><span class="math display">$$\begin{align}
  f(x) &amp;= x^2 + 1 \\
  g(x) &amp;= \frac{1}{x}
\end{align}$$</span></p>
<ul>
<li><p>Preserve headings, labels, and links.</p></li>
<li><p>Keep <code>inline code</code> as code.</p></li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li><p>Parse source safely.</p></li>
<li><p>Never execute TeX packages or shell escapes.</p></li>
</ol>
<blockquote>
<p>Editable structure is more useful than a simulated printed page.</p>
</blockquote>
<figure id="fig:architecture">
<img src="figures/architecture.svg" style="width:50.0%" />
<figcaption>The import architecture.</figcaption>
</figure>
<table id="tab:gates">
<caption>Import quality gates.</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">Gate</th>
<th style="text-align: center;">Scope</th>
<th style="text-align: right;">Status</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Text</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Paragraphs</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">Ready</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Media</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Figures</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">Ready</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>As shown in <a href="#fig:architecture"
data-reference-type="ref+label" data-reference="fig:architecture">1</a>,
the table in <a href="#tab:gates" data-reference-type="ref"
data-reference="tab:gates">1</a> supports the method in <a
href="#sec:methods" data-reference-type="ref"
data-reference="sec:methods">1</a>. Equation <a href="#eq:identity"
data-reference-type="ref" data-reference="eq:identity">[eq:identity]</a>
remains math. <span class="citation"
data-cites="knuth1984 lamport1994"></span></p>
<h2 id="sec:appendix">Imported Appendix</h2>
<p>The local include is parsed through a bounded PHP file resolver.
Unknown commands such as remain visible raw TeX instead of being
executed or discarded.</p>
<section id="footnotes" class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document"
role="doc-endnotes">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>Footnotes become WordPress note references.<a
href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</section>
</body></html>
Bounded native PHP LaTeX reader maps preamble metadata, document structure, common text environments, math, figures, tables, citations, and safe local includes without executing TeX; full LaTeX reader parity remains open.

LaTeX table import packet

161 bytes | Inline LaTeX fragment with captioned tabular data.

Before table.

\begin{table}
\caption{Conversion counts}
\begin{tabular}{lr}
Name & Value \\
HTML & 1 \\
WordPress & 2 \\
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

After table.

Download original file

Valid LaTeX table fragment exercising paragraph, table, caption, alignment, and WordPress table-block conversion.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Before table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table class="latex-tabular"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left">Name</td><td style="text-align:right">Value</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">HTML</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">WordPress</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Conversion counts</figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>Before table.</p>
<table class="latex-tabular">
<caption>Conversion counts</caption>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Name</td><td style="text-align:right">Value</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">HTML</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">WordPress</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>After table.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>Before table.</p>
<table>
<caption>Conversion counts</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Name</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">HTML</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">WordPress</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>After table.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded native PHP LaTeX reader maps preamble metadata, document structure, common text environments, math, figures, tables, citations, and safe local includes without executing TeX; full LaTeX reader parity remains open.

LaTeX included file fixture

16 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at test/command/bar.tex

\emph{hi there}

Download original file

Small TeX file from upstream Pandoc command tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><em>hi there</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p><em>hi there</em></p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p><em>hi there</em></p>
</body></html>
Bounded native PHP LaTeX reader maps preamble metadata, document structure, common text environments, math, figures, tables, citations, and safe local includes without executing TeX; full LaTeX reader parity remains open.

man

2 samples

Generated roff manpage fixture

453 bytes | Checked-in port-libs fixture at lanes/pandoc/fixtures/man-corpus-smoke/generated.5

.\" Synthetic generated-man fixture for corpus audit coverage.
.TH "GENERATED" "5" "July 2026" "generated 1.0" "File Formats Manual"
.nh
.if n .ad l
.SH "NAME"
\fBgenerated\fR
\- generated manpage fixture
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
The
\fBgenerated\fR
fixture exercises common generated man requests.
.PP
The path is
\fI/etc/generated.conf\fR
and quotes use \(dqroff\(dq escapes.
.TP
.BI -o " file"
Write output to
\fIfile\fR.
.nf
.sp
.RS 4n
key = value
.RE
.fi

Download original file

Checked-in roff manpage exercising TH/SH, font escapes, tagged paragraphs, indentation, no-fill code, and generated-man requests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>NAME</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>generated</strong> - generated manpage fixture</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>DESCRIPTION</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <strong>generated</strong> fixture exercises common generated man requests.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The path is <em>/etc/generated.conf</em> and quotes use &quot;roff&quot; escapes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><strong>-o</strong><em> file</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Write output to <em>file</em>.<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>
key = value</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>NAME</h1>
<p><strong>generated</strong> - generated manpage fixture</p>
<h1>DESCRIPTION</h1>
<p>The <strong>generated</strong> fixture exercises common generated man requests.</p>
<p>The path is <em>/etc/generated.conf</em> and quotes use &quot;roff&quot; escapes.</p>
<dl>
<dt><strong>-o</strong><em> file</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Write output to <em>file</em>.</p>
<pre><code>
key = value</code></pre>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="name">NAME</h1>
<p><strong>generated</strong> - generated manpage fixture</p>
<h1 id="description">DESCRIPTION</h1>
<p>The <strong>generated</strong> fixture exercises common generated man
requests.</p>
<p>The path is <em>/etc/generated.conf</em> and quotes use "roff"
escapes.</p>
<dl>
<dt><strong>-o</strong><em> file</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Write output to <em>file</em>.</p>
<pre><code>
key = value</code></pre>
</dd>
</dl>
</body></html>
Bounded roff man reader maps the pinned upstream Tests.Readers.Man macro, escape, list, definition-list, title metadata, link, synopsis option, code block, and table unit semantics into the shared AST. Full roff/man parity remains open.

Simple roff manpage fixture

127 bytes | Checked-in port-libs fixture at lanes/pandoc/fixtures/man-corpus-smoke/simple.1

.TH "SIMPLE" "1" "July 2026" "simple 1.0" "User Commands"
.SH NAME
simple \- small command
.SH DESCRIPTION
simple prints text.

Download original file

Checked-in compact roff manpage with title, section, name, and description macros.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>NAME</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>simple - small command</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>DESCRIPTION</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>simple prints text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>NAME</h1>
<p>simple - small command</p>
<h1>DESCRIPTION</h1>
<p>simple prints text.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="name">NAME</h1>
<p>simple - small command</p>
<h1 id="description">DESCRIPTION</h1>
<p>simple prints text.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded roff man reader maps the pinned upstream Tests.Readers.Man macro, escape, list, definition-list, title metadata, link, synopsis option, code block, and table unit semantics into the shared AST. Full roff/man parity remains open.

markdown

1 sample

Pandoc manual Markdown

300541 bytes | jgm/pandoc MANUAL.txt at upstream source commit

---
title: Pandoc User's Guide
author: John MacFarlane
date: 2026-06-03
---

# Synopsis

`pandoc` [*options*] [*input-file*]...

# Description

Pandoc is a [Haskell] library for converting from one markup format to
another, and a command-line tool that uses this library.

Pandoc can convert between numerous markup and word processing formats,
including, but not limited to, various flavors of [Markdown], [HTML],
[LaTeX] and [Word docx]. For the full lists of input and output formats,
see the `--from` and `--to` [options below][General options].
Pandoc can also produce [PDF] output: see [creating a PDF], below.

Pandoc's enhanced version of Markdown includes syntax for [tables],
[definition lists], [metadata blocks], [footnotes], [citations], [math],
and much more.  See below under [Pandoc's Markdown].

Pandoc has a modular design: it consists of a set of readers, which parse
text in a given format and produce a native representation of the document
(an _abstract syntax tree_ or AST), and a set of writers, which convert
this native representation into a target format. Thus, adding an input
or output format requires only adding a reader or writer. Users can also
run custom [pandoc filters] to modify the intermediate AST.

Because pandoc's intermediate representation of a document is less
expressive than many of the formats it converts between, one should
not expect perfect conversions between every format and every other.
Pandoc attempts to preserve the structural elements of a document, but
not formatting details such as margin size.  And some document elements,
such as complex tables, may not fit into pandoc's simple document
model.  While conversions from pandoc's Markdown to all formats aspire
to be perfect, conversions from formats more expressive than pandoc's
Markdown can be expected to be lossy.

## Using pandoc

If no *input-files* are specified, input is read from *stdin*.
Output goes to *stdout* by default. For output to a file,
use the `-o`/`--output` option:

    pandoc -o output.html input.txt

By default, pandoc produces a document fragment. To produce a standalone
document (e.g. a valid HTML file including `<head>` and `<body>`),
use the `-s` or `--standalone` flag:

    pandoc -s -o output.html input.txt

For more information on how standalone documents are produced, see
[Templates] below.

If multiple input files are given, pandoc will concatenate them all (with
blank lines between them) before parsing. (Use `--file-scope` to parse files
individually.)

## Specifying formats

The format of the input and output can be specified explicitly using
command-line options.  The input format can be specified using the
`-f/--from` option, the output format using the `-t/--to` option.
Thus, to convert `hello.txt` from Markdown to LaTeX, you could type:

    pandoc -f markdown -t latex hello.txt

To convert `hello.html` from HTML to Markdown:

    pandoc -f html -t markdown hello.html

Supported input and output formats are listed below under [Options]
(see `-f` for input formats and `-t` for output formats).  You
can also use `pandoc --list-input-formats` and
`pandoc --list-output-formats` to print lists of supported
...

Download original file

Real 293 KB Markdown manual with dense sections, tables, links, code, lists, metadata, and large generated tables.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="synopsis">Synopsis</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>pandoc</code> [<em>options</em>] [<em>input-file</em>]…</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="description">Description</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc is a <a href="https://www.haskell.org">Haskell</a> library for converting from one markup format to
another, and a command-line tool that uses this library.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc can convert between numerous markup and word processing formats,
including, but not limited to, various flavors of <a href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Markdown</a>, <a href="https://www.w3.org/html/">HTML</a>,
<a href="https://www.latex-project.org/">LaTeX</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_Open_XML">Word docx</a>. For the full lists of input and output formats,
see the <code>--from</code> and <code>--to</code> <a href="#general-options">options below</a>.
Pandoc can also produce <a href="https://www.adobe.com/pdf/">PDF</a> output: see <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a PDF</a>, below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc’s enhanced version of Markdown includes syntax for <a href="#tables">tables</a>,
<a href="#definition-lists">definition lists</a>, <a href="#metadata-blocks">metadata blocks</a>, <a href="#footnotes">footnotes</a>, <a href="#citations">citations</a>, <a href="#math">math</a>,
and much more.  See below under [Pandoc’s Markdown].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc has a modular design: it consists of a set of readers, which parse
text in a given format and produce a native representation of the document
(an <em>abstract syntax tree</em> or AST), and a set of writers, which convert
this native representation into a target format. Thus, adding an input
or output format requires only adding a reader or writer. Users can also
run custom <a href="https://pandoc.org/filters.html">pandoc filters</a> to modify the intermediate AST.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because pandoc’s intermediate representation of a document is less
expressive than many of the formats it converts between, one should
not expect perfect conversions between every format and every other.
Pandoc attempts to preserve the structural elements of a document, but
not formatting details such as margin size.  And some document elements,
such as complex tables, may not fit into pandoc’s simple document
model.  While conversions from pandoc’s Markdown to all formats aspire
to be perfect, conversions from formats more expressive than pandoc’s
Markdown can be expected to be lossy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="using-pandoc">Using pandoc</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If no <em>input-files</em> are specified, input is read from <em>stdin</em>.
Output goes to <em>stdout</em> by default. For output to a file,
use the <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> option:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -o output.html input.txt</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, pandoc produces a document fragment. To produce a standalone
document (e.g. a valid HTML file including <code>&lt;head&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;body&gt;</code>),
use the <code>-s</code> or <code>--standalone</code> flag:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -s -o output.html input.txt</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For more information on how standalone documents are produced, see
<a href="#templates">Templates</a> below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If multiple input files are given, pandoc will concatenate them all (with
blank lines between them) before parsing. (Use <code>--file-scope</code> to parse files
individually.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="specifying-formats">Specifying formats</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The format of the input and output can be specified explicitly using
command-line options.  The input format can be specified using the
<code>-f/--from</code> option, the output format using the <code>-t/--to</code> option.
Thus, to convert <code>hello.txt</code> from Markdown to LaTeX, you could type:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -f markdown -t latex hello.txt</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To convert <code>hello.html</code> from HTML to Markdown:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -f html -t markdown hello.html</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Supported input and output formats are listed below under <a href="#options">Options</a>
(see <code>-f</code> for input formats and <code>-t</code> for output formats).  You
can also use <code>pandoc --list-input-formats</code> and
<code>pandoc --list-output-formats</code> to print lists of supported
formats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the input or output format is not specified explicitly, pandoc
will attempt to guess it from the extensions of the filenames.
Thus, for example,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -o hello.tex hello.txt</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will convert <code>hello.txt</code> from Markdown to LaTeX.  If no output file
is specified (so that output goes to <em>stdout</em>), or if the output file’s
extension is unknown, the output format will default to HTML.
If no input file is specified (so that input comes from <em>stdin</em>), or
if the input files’ extensions are unknown, the input format will
be assumed to be Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="character-encoding">Character encoding</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc uses the UTF-8 character encoding for both input and output.
If your local character encoding is not UTF-8, you
should pipe input and output through <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"><code>iconv</code></a>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>iconv -t utf-8 input.txt | pandoc | iconv -f utf-8</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that in some output formats (such as HTML, LaTeX, ConTeXt,
RTF, OPML, DocBook, and Texinfo), information about
the character encoding is included in the document header, which
will only be included if you use the <code>-s/--standalone</code> option.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="creating-a-pdf">Creating a PDF</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To produce a PDF, specify an output file with a <code>.pdf</code> extension:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc test.txt -o test.pdf</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, pandoc will use LaTeX to create the PDF, which requires
that a LaTeX engine be installed (see <code>--pdf-engine</code> below).
Alternatively, pandoc can use ConTeXt, roff ms, or HTML as an
intermediate format.  To do this, specify an output file with a
<code>.pdf</code> extension, as before, but add the <code>--pdf-engine</code> option
or <code>-t context</code>, <code>-t html</code>, or <code>-t ms</code> to the command line.
The tool used to generate the PDF from the intermediate format
may be specified using <code>--pdf-engine</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can control the PDF style using variables, depending on
the intermediate format used: see <a href="#variables-for-latex">variables for LaTeX</a>,
<a href="#variables-for-context">variables for ConTeXt</a>, [variables for <code>wkhtmltopdf</code>],
<a href="#variables-for-ms">variables for ms</a>.  When HTML is used as an intermediate
format, the output can be styled using <code>--css</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To debug the PDF creation, it can be useful to look at the intermediate
representation: instead of <code>-o test.pdf</code>, use for example <code>-s -o test.tex</code>
to output the generated LaTeX. You can then test it with <code>pdflatex test.tex</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When using LaTeX, the following packages need to be available
(they are included with all recent versions of <a href="https://www.tug.org/texlive/">TeX Live</a>):
<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/amsfonts"><code>amsfonts</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/amsmath"><code>amsmath</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/lm"><code>lm</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/unicode-math"><code>unicode-math</code></a>,
<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/iftex"><code>iftex</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/listings"><code>listings</code></a> (if the
<code>--listings</code> option is used), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fancyvrb"><code>fancyvrb</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/longtable"><code>longtable</code></a>,
<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/booktabs"><code>booktabs</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/multirow"><code>multirow</code></a> (if the document contains a table with
cells that cross multiple rows), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/graphicx"><code>graphicx</code></a> (if the document
contains images), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bookmark"><code>bookmark</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xcolor"><code>xcolor</code></a>,
<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/soul"><code>soul</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/geometry"><code>geometry</code></a> (with the <code>geometry</code> variable set),
<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/setspace"><code>setspace</code></a> (with <code>linestretch</code>), and
<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/babel"><code>babel</code></a> (with <code>lang</code>).  If <code>CJKmainfont</code> is set, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xecjk"><code>xeCJK</code></a>
is needed if <code>xelatex</code> is used, else <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/luatexja"><code>luatexja</code></a> is needed if
<code>lualatex</code> is used. <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/framed"><code>framed</code></a> is required if code is highlighted in a
scheme that use a colored background. The use of <code>xelatex</code> or
<code>lualatex</code> as the PDF engine requires <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fontspec"><code>fontspec</code></a>. <code>lualatex</code>
uses <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/selnolig"><code>selnolig</code></a> and <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/lua-ul"><code>lua-ul</code></a>. <code>xelatex</code> uses <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bidi"><code>bidi</code></a> (with
the <code>dir</code> variable set).
If the <code>mathspec</code> variable is set, <code>xelatex</code> will use <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/mathspec"><code>mathspec</code></a>
instead of <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/unicode-math"><code>unicode-math</code></a>.  The <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/csquotes"><code>csquotes</code></a> package will be used
for <a href="#typography">typography</a> if the <code>csquotes</code> variable or metadata field is
set to a true value.  The <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/natbib"><code>natbib</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex"><code>biblatex</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bibtex"><code>bibtex</code></a>,
and <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biber"><code>biber</code></a> packages can optionally be used for <a href="#citation-rendering">citation
rendering</a>.  If math with <code>\cancel</code>, <code>\bcancel</code>, or <code>\xcancel</code>
is used, the <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/cancel"><code>cancel</code></a> package is needed.
The following packages will be used to improve
output quality if present, but pandoc does not require them to
be present: <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/upquote"><code>upquote</code></a> (for straight quotes in verbatim
environments), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/microtype"><code>microtype</code></a> (for better spacing adjustments),
<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/parskip"><code>parskip</code></a> (for better inter-paragraph spaces), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xurl"><code>xurl</code></a> (for
better line breaks in URLs), and <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/footnotehyper"><code>footnotehyper</code></a> or
<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/footnote"><code>footnote</code></a> (to allow footnotes in tables).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="reading-from-the-web">Reading from the Web</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of an input file, an absolute URI may be given. In this case
pandoc will fetch the content using HTTP:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -f html -t markdown https://www.fsf.org</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It is possible to supply a custom User-Agent string or other
header when requesting a document from a URL:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -f html -t markdown --request-header User-Agent:&quot;Mozilla/5.0&quot; \
  https://www.fsf.org</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="options">Options</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="general-options" class="options">General options</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-f</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>-r</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>--from=</code><em>FORMAT</em>, <code>--read=</code><em>FORMAT</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify input format.  <em>FORMAT</em> can be:</p><div id="input-formats"><ul><li><code>asciidoc</code> ([AsciiDoc] markup)</li><li><code>bibtex</code> ([BibTeX] bibliography)</li><li><code>biblatex</code> ([BibLaTeX] bibliography)</li><li><code>bits</code> ([BITS] XML, alias for <code>jats</code>)</li><li><code>commonmark</code> ([CommonMark] Markdown)</li><li><code>commonmark_x</code> ([CommonMark] Markdown with extensions)</li><li><code>creole</code> ([Creole 1.0])</li><li><code>csljson</code> ([CSL JSON] bibliography)</li><li><code>csv</code> ([CSV] table)</li><li><code>tsv</code> ([TSV] table)</li><li><code>djot</code> ([Djot markup])</li><li><code>docbook</code> ([DocBook])</li><li><code>docx</code> ([Word docx])</li><li><code>dokuwiki</code> ([DokuWiki markup])</li><li><code>endnotexml</code> ([EndNote XML bibliography])</li><li><code>epub</code> ([EPUB])</li><li><code>fb2</code> ([FictionBook2] e-book)</li><li><code>gfm</code> ([GitHub-Flavored Markdown]), or the deprecated and less accurate <code>markdown_github</code>; use <a href="#markdown-variants"><code>markdown_github</code></a> only if you need extensions not supported in <a href="#markdown-variants"><code>gfm</code></a>.</li><li><code>haddock</code> ([Haddock markup])</li><li><code>html</code> ([HTML])</li><li><code>ipynb</code> ([Jupyter notebook])</li><li><code>jats</code> ([JATS] XML)</li><li><code>jira</code> ([Jira]/Confluence wiki markup)</li><li><code>json</code> (JSON version of native AST)</li><li><code>latex</code> ([LaTeX])</li><li><code>markdown</code> ([Pandoc’s Markdown])</li><li><code>markdown_mmd</code> ([MultiMarkdown])</li><li><code>markdown_phpextra</code> ([PHP Markdown Extra])</li><li><code>markdown_strict</code> (original unextended [Markdown])</li><li><code>mediawiki</code> ([MediaWiki markup])</li><li><code>man</code> ([roff man])</li><li><code>mdoc</code> ([mdoc] manual page markup)</li><li><code>muse</code> ([Muse])</li><li><code>native</code> (native Haskell)</li><li><code>odt</code> ([OpenDocument text document][ODT])</li><li><code>opml</code> ([OPML])</li><li><code>org</code> ([Emacs Org mode])</li><li><code>pod</code> (Perl’s [Plain Old Documentation])</li><li><code>pptx</code> ([PowerPoint])</li><li><code>ris</code> ([RIS] bibliography)</li><li><code>rtf</code> ([Rich Text Format])</li><li><code>rst</code> ([reStructuredText])</li><li><code>t2t</code> ([txt2tags])</li><li><code>textile</code> ([Textile])</li><li><code>tikiwiki</code> ([TikiWiki markup])</li><li><code>twiki</code> ([TWiki markup])</li><li><code>typst</code> ([typst])</li><li><code>vimwiki</code> ([Vimwiki])</li><li><code>xlsx</code> ([Excel spreadsheet][XLSX])</li><li><code>xml</code> (XML version of native AST)</li><li>the path of a custom Lua reader, see [Custom readers and writers] below</li></ul></div><p>Extensions can be individually enabled or disabled by
appending <code>+EXTENSION</code> or <code>-EXTENSION</code> to the format name.
See [Extensions] below, for a list of extensions and
their names.  See <code>--list-input-formats</code> and <code>--list-extensions</code>,
below.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-t</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>-w</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>--to=</code><em>FORMAT</em>, <code>--write=</code><em>FORMAT</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify output format.  <em>FORMAT</em> can be:</p><div id="output-formats"><ul><li><code>ansi</code> (text with [ANSI escape codes], for terminal viewing)</li><li><code>asciidoc</code> (modern [AsciiDoc] as interpreted by [AsciiDoctor])</li><li><code>asciidoc_legacy</code> ([AsciiDoc] as interpreted by [<code>asciidoc-py</code>]).</li><li><code>asciidoctor</code> (deprecated synonym for <code>asciidoc</code>)</li><li><code>bbcode</code> [BBCode]</li><li><code>bbcode_fluxbb</code> [BBCode (FluxBB)]</li><li><code>bbcode_phpbb</code> [BBCode (phpBB)]</li><li><code>bbcode_steam</code> [BBCode (Steam)]</li><li><code>bbcode_hubzilla</code> [BBCode (Hubzilla)]</li><li><code>bbcode_xenforo</code> [BBCode (xenForo)]</li><li><code>beamer</code> ([LaTeX beamer][<code>beamer</code>] slide show)</li><li><code>bibtex</code> ([BibTeX] bibliography)</li><li><code>biblatex</code> ([BibLaTeX] bibliography)</li><li><code>chunkedhtml</code> (zip archive of multiple linked HTML files)</li><li><code>commonmark</code> ([CommonMark] Markdown)</li><li><code>commonmark_x</code> ([CommonMark] Markdown with extensions)</li><li><code>context</code> ([ConTeXt])</li><li><code>csljson</code> ([CSL JSON] bibliography)</li><li><code>djot</code> ([Djot markup])</li><li><code>docbook</code> or <code>docbook4</code> ([DocBook] 4)</li><li><code>docbook5</code> (DocBook 5)</li><li><code>docx</code> ([Word docx])</li><li><code>dokuwiki</code> ([DokuWiki markup])</li><li><code>epub</code> or <code>epub3</code> ([EPUB] v3 book)</li><li><code>epub2</code> (EPUB v2)</li><li><code>fb2</code> ([FictionBook2] e-book)</li><li><code>gfm</code> ([GitHub-Flavored Markdown]), or the deprecated and less accurate <code>markdown_github</code>; use <a href="#markdown-variants"><code>markdown_github</code></a> only if you need extensions not supported in <a href="#markdown-variants"><code>gfm</code></a>.</li><li><code>haddock</code> ([Haddock markup])</li><li><code>html</code> or <code>html5</code> ([HTML], i.e. [HTML5]/XHTML [polyglot markup])</li><li><code>html4</code> ([XHTML] 1.0 Transitional)</li><li><code>icml</code> ([InDesign ICML])</li><li><code>ipynb</code> ([Jupyter notebook])</li><li><code>jats_archiving</code> ([JATS] XML, Archiving and Interchange Tag Set)</li><li><code>jats_articleauthoring</code> ([JATS] XML, Article Authoring Tag Set)</li><li><code>jats_publishing</code> ([JATS] XML, Journal Publishing Tag Set)</li><li><code>jats</code> (alias for <code>jats_archiving</code>)</li><li><code>jira</code> ([Jira]/Confluence wiki markup)</li><li><code>json</code> (JSON version of native AST)</li><li><code>latex</code> ([LaTeX])</li><li><code>man</code> ([roff man])</li><li><code>markdown</code> ([Pandoc’s Markdown])</li><li><code>markdown_mmd</code> ([MultiMarkdown])</li><li><code>markdown_phpextra</code> ([PHP Markdown Extra])</li><li><code>markdown_strict</code> (original unextended [Markdown])</li><li><code>markua</code> ([Markua])</li><li><code>mediawiki</code> ([MediaWiki markup])</li><li><code>ms</code> ([roff ms])</li><li><code>muse</code> ([Muse])</li><li><code>native</code> (native Haskell)</li><li><code>odt</code> ([OpenDocument text document][ODT])</li><li><code>opml</code> ([OPML])</li><li><code>opendocument</code> ([OpenDocument XML])</li><li><code>org</code> ([Emacs Org mode])</li><li><code>pdf</code> ([PDF])</li><li><code>plain</code> (plain text)</li><li><code>pptx</code> ([PowerPoint] slide show)</li><li><code>rst</code> ([reStructuredText])</li><li><code>rtf</code> ([Rich Text Format])</li><li><code>texinfo</code> ([GNU Texinfo])</li><li><code>textile</code> ([Textile])</li><li><code>slideous</code> ([Slideous] HTML and JavaScript slide show)</li><li><code>slidy</code> ([Slidy] HTML and JavaScript slide show)</li><li><code>dzslides</code> ([DZSlides] HTML5 + JavaScript slide show)</li><li><code>revealjs</code> ([reveal.js] HTML5 + JavaScript slide show)</li><li><code>s5</code> ([S5] HTML and JavaScript slide show)</li><li><code>tei</code> ([TEI Simple])</li><li><code>typst</code> ([typst])</li><li><code>vimdoc</code> ([Vimdoc])</li><li><code>xml</code> (XML version of native AST)</li><li><code>xwiki</code> ([XWiki markup])</li><li><code>zimwiki</code> ([ZimWiki markup])</li><li>the path of a custom Lua writer, see [Custom readers and writers] below</li></ul></div><p>Note that <code>odt</code>, <code>docx</code>, <code>epub</code>, and <code>pdf</code> output will not be directed
to <em>stdout</em> unless forced with <code>-o -</code>.</p><p>Extensions can be individually enabled or
disabled by appending <code>+EXTENSION</code> or <code>-EXTENSION</code> to the format
name.  See [Extensions] below, for a list of extensions and their
names.  See <code>--list-output-formats</code> and <code>--list-extensions</code>, below.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-o</code> <em>FILE</em>, <code>--output=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Write output to <em>FILE</em> instead of <em>stdout</em>.  If <em>FILE</em> is</p><p><code>-</code>, output will go to <em>stdout</em>, even if a non-textual format
(<code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>, <code>epub2</code>, <code>epub3</code>) is specified.  If the
output format is <code>chunkedhtml</code> and <em>FILE</em> has no extension,
then instead of producing a <code>.zip</code> file pandoc will create
a directory <em>FILE</em> and unpack the zip archive there
(unless <em>FILE</em> already exists, in which case an error
will be raised).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--data-dir=</code><em>DIRECTORY</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify the user data directory to search for pandoc data files.</p><p>If this option is not specified, the default user data directory
will be used.  On *nix and macOS systems this will be the <code>pandoc</code>
subdirectory of the XDG data directory (by default,
<code>$HOME/.local/share</code>, overridable by setting the <code>XDG_DATA_HOME</code>
environment variable).  If that directory does not exist and
<code>$HOME/.pandoc</code> exists, it will be used (for backwards compatibility).
On Windows the default user data directory is <code>%APPDATA%\pandoc</code>.
You can find the default user data directory on your system by
looking at the output of <code>pandoc --version</code>.
Data files placed in this directory (for example, <code>reference.odt</code>,
<code>reference.docx</code>, <code>epub.css</code>, <code>templates</code>) will override
pandoc’s normal defaults.  (Note that the user data directory
is not created by pandoc, so you will need to create it yourself
if you want to make use of it.)</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-d</code> <em>FILE</em>, <code>--defaults=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify a set of default option settings.  <em>FILE</em> is a YAML or JSON</p><p>file whose fields correspond to command-line option
settings.  All options for document conversion, including input
and output files, can be set using a defaults file.  The file will
be searched for first in the working directory, and then in
the <code>defaults</code> subdirectory of the user data directory
(see <code>--data-dir</code>).  The <code>.yaml</code> extension will be added if
<em>FILE</em> lacs an extension. See the section [Defaults files]
for more information on the file format. Settings from the
defaults file may be overridden or extended by subsequent
options on the command line.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--bash-completion</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Generate a bash completion script.  To enable bash completion</p><p>with pandoc, add this to your <code>.bashrc</code>:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>eval &quot;$(pandoc --bash-completion)&quot;</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--sandbox[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Run pandoc in a sandbox, limiting IO operations in readers</p><p>and writers to reading the files specified on the command line.
Note that this option does not limit IO operations by
filters or in the production of PDF documents.  But it does
offer security against, for example, disclosure of files
through the use of <code>include</code> directives.  Anyone using
pandoc on untrusted user input should use this option.</p><p>Note: some readers and writers (e.g., <code>docx</code>) need access to data
files.  If these are stored on the file system, then pandoc
will not be able to find them when run in <code>--sandbox</code> mode
and will raise an error. For these applications, we
recommend using a pandoc binary compiled with the <code>embed_data_files</code>
option, which causes the data files to be baked into the binary
instead of being stored on the file system.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--verbose</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Give verbose debugging output.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--quiet</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Suppress warning messages.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--fail-if-warnings[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Exit with error status if there are any warnings.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--log=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Write log messages in machine-readable JSON format to</p><p><em>FILE</em>.  All messages above DEBUG level will be written,
regardless of verbosity settings (<code>--verbose</code>, <code>--quiet</code>).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--list-input-formats</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>List supported input formats, one per line.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--list-output-formats</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>List supported output formats, one per line.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--list-extensions</code>[<code>=</code><em>FORMAT</em>]</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>List supported extensions for <em>FORMAT</em>, one per line, preceded</p><p>by a <code>+</code> or <code>-</code> indicating whether it is enabled by default
in <em>FORMAT</em>. If <em>FORMAT</em> is not specified, defaults for
pandoc’s Markdown are given.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--list-highlight-languages</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>List supported languages for syntax highlighting, one per</p><p>line.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--list-highlight-styles</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>List supported styles for syntax highlighting, one per line.</p><p>See <code>--syntax-highlighting</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-v</code>, <code>--version</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Print version.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-h</code>, <code>--help</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Show usage message.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="reader-options" class="options">Reader options</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--shift-heading-level-by=</code><em>NUMBER</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Shift heading levels by a positive or negative integer.</p><p>For example, with <code>--shift-heading-level-by=-1</code>, level 2
headings become level 1 headings, and level 3 headings
become level 2 headings.  Headings cannot have a level
less than 1, so a heading that would be shifted below level 1
becomes a regular paragraph.  Exception: with a shift of -N,
a level-N heading at the beginning of the document
replaces the metadata title. <code>--shift-heading-level-by=-1</code>
is a good choice when converting HTML or Markdown documents that
use an initial level-1 heading for the document title and
level-2+ headings for sections. <code>--shift-heading-level-by=1</code>
may be a good choice for converting Markdown documents that
use level-1 headings for sections to HTML, since pandoc uses
a level-1 heading to render the document title.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--base-header-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>*Deprecated.  Use <code>--shift-heading-level-by</code>=X instead,</p><p>where X = NUMBER - 1.* Specify the base level for headings
(defaults to 1).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--indented-code-classes=</code><em>CLASSES</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify classes to use for indented code blocks—for example,</p><p><code>perl,numberLines</code> or <code>haskell</code>. Multiple classes may be separated
by spaces or commas.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--default-image-extension=</code><em>EXTENSION</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify a default extension to use when image paths/URLs have no</p><p>extension.  This allows you to use the same source for formats that
require different kinds of images.  Currently this option only affects
the Markdown and LaTeX readers.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--file-scope[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Parse each file individually before combining for multifile</p><p>documents. This will allow footnotes in different files with the
same identifiers to work as expected. If this option is set,
footnotes and links will not work across files. Reading binary
files (docx, odt, epub) implies <code>--file-scope</code>.</p><p>If two or more files are processed using <code>--file-scope</code>,
prefixes based on the filenames will be added to identifiers
in order to disambiguate them, and internal links will
be adjusted accordingly.  For example, a header with
identifier <code>foo</code> in <code>subdir/file1.txt</code> will have its
identifier changed to <code>subdir__file1.txt__foo</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-F</code> <em>PROGRAM</em>, <code>--filter=</code><em>PROGRAM</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify an executable to be used as a filter transforming the</p><p>pandoc AST after the input is parsed and before the output is
written.  The executable should read JSON from stdin and write
JSON to stdout.  The JSON must be formatted like  pandoc’s own
JSON input and output.  The name of the output format will be
passed to the filter as the first argument.  Hence,</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc --filter ./caps.py -t latex</code></pre><p>is equivalent to</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -t json | ./caps.py latex | pandoc -f json -t latex</code></pre><p>The latter form may be useful for debugging filters.</p><p>Filters may be written in any language.  <code>Text.Pandoc.JSON</code>
exports <code>toJSONFilter</code> to facilitate writing filters in Haskell.
Those who would prefer to write filters in python can use the
module [<code>pandocfilters</code>], installable from PyPI. There are also
pandoc filter libraries in [PHP], [perl], and
[JavaScript/node.js].</p><p>In order of preference, pandoc will look for filters in</p><ol><li><p>a specified full or relative path (executable or non-executable),</p></li><li><p><code>$DATADIR/filters</code> (executable or non-executable) where <code>$DATADIR</code> is the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>, above),</p></li><li><p><code>$PATH</code> (executable only).</p></li></ol><p>Filters, Lua-filters, and citeproc processing are applied in
the order specified on the command line.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-L</code> <em>SCRIPT</em>, <code>--lua-filter=</code><em>SCRIPT</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Transform the document in a similar fashion as JSON filters (see</p><p><code>--filter</code>), but use pandoc’s built-in Lua filtering system.  The given
Lua script is expected to return a list of Lua filters which will be
applied in order.  Each Lua filter must contain element-transforming
functions indexed by the name of the AST element on which the filter
function should be applied.</p><p>The <code>pandoc</code> Lua module provides helper functions for element
creation.  It is always loaded into the script’s Lua environment.</p><p>See the [Lua filters documentation] for further details.</p><p>In order of preference, pandoc will look for Lua filters in</p><ol><li><p>a specified full or relative path,</p></li><li><p><code>$DATADIR/filters</code> where <code>$DATADIR</code> is the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>, above).</p></li></ol><p>Filters, Lua filters, and citeproc processing are applied in
the order specified on the command line.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-M</code> <em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>], <code>--metadata=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>:</code><em>VAL</em>]</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Set the metadata field <em>KEY</em> to the value <em>VAL</em>.  A value specified</p><p>on the command line overrides a value specified in the document
using [YAML metadata blocks][Extension: <code>yaml_metadata_block</code>].
Values will be parsed as YAML boolean or string values. If no value is
specified, the value will be treated as Boolean true.  Like
<code>--variable</code>, <code>--metadata</code> causes template variables to be set.
But unlike <code>--variable</code>, <code>--metadata</code> affects the metadata of the
underlying document (which is accessible from filters and may be
printed in some output formats) and metadata values will be escaped
when inserted into the template.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--metadata-file=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Read metadata from the supplied YAML (or JSON) file. This</p><p>option can be used with every input format, but string scalars
in the metadata file will always be parsed as Markdown. (If the
input format is Markdown or a Markdown variant, then the
same variant will be used to parse the metadata file;
if it is a non-Markdown format, pandoc’s default Markdown
extensions will be used.) This option can be used
repeatedly to include multiple metadata files; values in
files specified later on the command line will be preferred
over those specified in earlier files. Metadata values
specified inside the document, or by using <code>-M</code>, overwrite
values specified with this option. The file will be searched
for first in the working directory, and then in the <code>metadata</code>
subdirectory of the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-p</code>, <code>--preserve-tabs[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Preserve tabs instead of converting them to spaces. (By default, pandoc</p><p>converts tabs to spaces before parsing its input.)  Note that this will
only affect tabs in literal code spans and code blocks. Tabs in regular
text are always treated as spaces.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--tab-stop=</code><em>NUMBER</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify the number of spaces per tab (default is 4).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--track-changes=accept</code>|<code>reject</code>|<code>all</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specifies what to do with insertions, deletions, and comments</p><p>produced by the MS Word “Track Changes” feature.  <code>accept</code> (the
default) processes all the insertions and deletions.
<code>reject</code> ignores them.  Both <code>accept</code> and <code>reject</code> ignore comments.
<code>all</code> includes all insertions, deletions, and comments, wrapped
in spans with <code>insertion</code>, <code>deletion</code>, <code>comment-start</code>, and
<code>comment-end</code> classes, respectively. The author and time of
change is included. <code>all</code> is useful for scripting: only
accepting changes from a certain reviewer, say, or before a
certain date. If a paragraph is inserted or deleted,
<code>track-changes=all</code> produces a span with the class
<code>paragraph-insertion</code>/<code>paragraph-deletion</code> before the
affected paragraph break. This option only affects the docx
reader.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--extract-media=</code><em>DIR</em>|<em>FILE</em><code>.zip</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Extract images and other media contained in or linked from</p><p>the source document to the path <em>DIR</em>, creating it if
necessary, and adjust the images references in the document
so they point to the extracted files.  Media are downloaded,
read from the file system, or extracted from a binary
container (e.g. docx), as needed.  The original file paths
are used if they are relative paths not containing <code>..</code>.
Otherwise filenames are constructed from the SHA1 hash of
the contents.</p><p>If the path given ends in <code>.zip</code>, then instead of creating
a directory, pandoc will create a zip archive containing the
media files.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--abbreviations=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specifies a custom abbreviations file, with abbreviations</p><p>one to a line.  If this option is not specified, pandoc will
read the data file <code>abbreviations</code> from the user data
directory or fall back on a system default.  To see the
system default, use
<code>pandoc --print-default-data-file=abbreviations</code>.  The only
use pandoc makes of this list is in the Markdown reader.
Strings found in this list will be followed by a nonbreaking
space, and the period will not produce sentence-ending space
in formats like LaTeX.  The strings may not contain spaces.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--typst-input=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>]</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Set a parameter value that will be made available to the typst</p><p>parser in <code>sys.inputs</code>, like <code>--input</code> in the <code>typst</code> CLI.
Either <code>:</code> or <code>=</code> may be used to separate <em>KEY</em> from <em>VAL</em>.
Values containing spaces must be quoted.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--trace[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Print diagnostic output tracing parser progress to stderr.</p><p>This option is intended for use by developers in diagnosing
performance issues.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="general-writer-options" class="options">General writer options</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-s</code>, <code>--standalone</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Produce output with an appropriate header and footer (e.g. a</p><p>standalone HTML, LaTeX, TEI, or RTF file, not a fragment).  This option
is set automatically for <code>pdf</code>, <code>epub</code>, <code>epub3</code>, <code>fb2</code>, <code>docx</code>, and <code>odt</code>
output.  For <code>native</code> output, this option causes metadata to
be included; otherwise, metadata is suppressed.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--template=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use the specified file as a custom template for the generated document.</p><p>Implies <code>--standalone</code>. See [Templates], below, for a
description of template syntax. If the template is not found,
pandoc will search for it in the <code>templates</code> subdirectory of
the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>). If no extension
is specified and an extensionless template is not found,
pandoc will look for a template with an extension
corresponding to the writer, so that <code>--template=special</code>
looks for <code>special.html</code> for HTML output. If this option is
not used, a default template appropriate for the output
format will be used (see <code>-D/--print-default-template</code>).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-V</code> <em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>], <code>--variable=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>]</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Set the template variable <em>KEY</em> to the string value <em>VAL</em> when rendering</p><p>the document in standalone mode. Either <code>:</code> or <code>=</code> may be used
to separate <em>KEY</em> from <em>VAL</em>. If no <em>VAL</em> is specified, the
key will be given the value <code>true</code>.  Structured values (lists, maps)
cannot be assigned using this option, but they can be assigned in
the <code>variables</code> section of a [defaults file][Defaults files] or
using the <code>--variable-json</code> option. If the variable already has
a <em>list</em> value, the value will be added to the list. If it already
has another kind of value, it will be made into a list containing
the previous and the new value. For example,
<code>-V author=Joe -V author=Sue</code> makes <code>author</code> contain a list
of strings: <code>Joe</code> and <code>Sue</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--variable-json=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>JSON</em>]</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Set the template variable <em>KEY</em> to the value specified by a JSON</p><p>string (this may be a boolean, a string, a list, or a mapping;
a number will be treated as a string). For example,
<code>--variable-json foo=false</code> will give <code>foo</code> the boolean false
value, while <code>--variable-json foo=&#039;&quot;false&quot;&#039;</code> will give it the
string value <code>&quot;false&quot;</code>. Either <code>:</code> or <code>=</code> may be used to
separate <em>KEY</em> from <em>VAL</em>. If the variable already has a
value, this value will be replaced.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-D</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>--print-default-template=</code><em>FORMAT</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Print the system default template for an output <em>FORMAT</em>. (See <code>-t</code></p><p>for a list of possible <em>FORMAT</em>s.)  Templates in the user data
directory are ignored.  This option may be used with
<code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> to redirect output to a file, but
<code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> must come before <code>--print-default-template</code>
on the command line.</p><p>Note that some of the default templates use partials, for
example <code>styles.html</code>.  To print the partials, use
<code>--print-default-data-file</code>: for example,
<code>--print-default-data-file=templates/styles.html</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--print-default-data-file=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Print a system default data file.  Files in the user data directory</p><p>are ignored.  This option may be used with <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> to
redirect output to a file, but <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> must come before
<code>--print-default-data-file</code> on the command line.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--eol=crlf</code>|<code>lf</code>|<code>native</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Manually specify line endings: <code>crlf</code> (Windows), <code>lf</code></p><p>(macOS/Linux/UNIX), or <code>native</code> (line endings appropriate
to the OS on which pandoc is being run).  The default is
<code>native</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--dpi</code>=<em>NUMBER</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify the default dpi (dots per inch) value for conversion</p><p>from pixels to inch/centimeters and vice versa. (Technically,
the correct term would be ppi: pixels per inch.) The default
is 96dpi.   When images contain information about dpi
internally, the encoded value is used instead of the default
specified by this option.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--wrap=auto</code>|<code>none</code>|<code>preserve</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Determine how text is wrapped in the output (the source</p><p>code, not the rendered version).  With <code>auto</code> (the default),
pandoc will attempt to wrap lines to the column width specified by
<code>--columns</code> (default 72).  With <code>none</code>, pandoc will not wrap
lines at all.  With <code>preserve</code>, pandoc will attempt to
preserve the wrapping from the source document (that is,
where there are nonsemantic newlines in the source, there
will be nonsemantic newlines in the output as well).
In <code>ipynb</code> output, this option affects wrapping of the
contents of Markdown cells.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--columns=</code><em>NUMBER</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify length of lines in characters.  This affects text wrapping</p><p>in the generated source code (see <code>--wrap</code>).  It also affects
calculation of column widths for plain text tables (see [Tables] below).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--toc[=true|false]</code>, <code>--table-of-contents[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Include an automatically generated table of contents (or, in</p><p>the case of <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, <code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>,
<code>opendocument</code>, <code>rst</code>, or <code>ms</code>, an instruction to create
one) in the output document. This option has no effect
unless <code>-s/--standalone</code> is used, and it has no effect
on <code>man</code>, <code>docbook4</code>, <code>docbook5</code>, or <code>jats</code> output.</p><p>Note that if you are producing a PDF via <code>ms</code> and using
(the default) <code>groff</code> as a <code>--pdf-engine</code>, the table of
contents will appear at the end of the document. If you would
prefer it to be at the beginning of the document, before the
title, you can use <code>--pdf-engine=pdfroff</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--toc-depth=</code><em>NUMBER</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify the number of section levels to include in the table</p><p>of contents.  The default is 3 (which means that level-1, 2, and 3
headings will be listed in the contents).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--lof[=true|false]</code>, <code>--list-of-figures[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Include an automatically generated list of figures (or, in</p><p>some formats, an instruction to create one) in the output
document. This option has no effect unless <code>-s/--standalone</code>
is used, and it only has an effect on <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, and
<code>docx</code> output.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--lot[=true|false]</code>, <code>--list-of-tables[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Include an automatically generated list of tables (or, in</p><p>some formats, an instruction to create one) in the output
document. This option has no effect unless <code>-s/--standalone</code>
is used, and it only has an effect on <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, and
<code>docx</code> output.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--strip-comments[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Strip out HTML comments in the Markdown or Textile source,</p><p>rather than passing them on to Markdown, Textile or HTML
output as raw HTML.  This does not apply to HTML comments
inside raw HTML blocks when the <code>markdown_in_html_blocks</code>
extension is not set.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--syntax-highlighting=default|none|idiomatic|</code><em>STYLE</em><code>|</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>The method to use for code syntax highlighting. Setting a</p><p>specific <em>STYLE</em> causes highlighting to be performed with the
internal highlighting engine, using KDE syntax definitions and
styles. The <code>idiomatic</code> method uses a format-specific
highlighter if one is available, or the default style if the
target format has no idiomatic highlighting method. Setting this
option to <code>none</code> disables all syntax highlighting. The
<code>default</code> method uses a format-specific default.</p><p>The default for HTML, EPUB, Docx, Ms, Man, and LaTeX output is
to use the internal highlighter with the default style; for Typst
it is to use Typst’s own syntax highlighting system.</p><p>Style options are <code>pygments</code> (the default), <code>kate</code>,
<code>monochrome</code>, <code>breezeDark</code>, <code>espresso</code>, <code>zenburn</code>, <code>haddock</code>,
and <code>tango</code>. For more information on syntax highlighting in
pandoc, see [Syntax highlighting], below. See also
<code>--list-highlight-styles</code>.</p><p>Instead of a <em>STYLE</em> name, a JSON file with extension
<code>.theme</code> may be supplied.  This will be parsed as a KDE
syntax highlighting theme and (if valid) used as the
highlighting style.</p><p>To generate the JSON version of an existing style,
use <code>--print-highlight-style</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--no-highlight</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p><em>Deprecated, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=none</code> instead.</em></p><p>Disables syntax highlighting for code blocks and inlines, even when
a language attribute is given.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--highlight-style=</code><em>STYLE</em>|<em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p><em>Deprecated, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=</code><em>STYLE</em>|<em>FILE</em> instead.</em></p><p>Specifies the coloring style to be used in highlighted source code.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--print-highlight-style=</code><em>STYLE</em>|<em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Prints a JSON version of a highlighting style, which can</p><p>be modified, saved with a <code>.theme</code> extension, and used
with <code>--syntax-highlighting</code>.  This option may be used with
<code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> to redirect output to a file, but
<code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> must come before <code>--print-highlight-style</code>
on the command line.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--syntax-definition=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Instructs pandoc to load a KDE XML syntax definition file,</p><p>which will be used for syntax highlighting of appropriately
marked code blocks.  This can be used to add support for
new languages or to use altered syntax definitions for
existing languages.  This option may be repeated to add
multiple syntax definitions.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-H</code> <em>FILE</em>, <code>--include-in-header=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Include contents of <em>FILE</em>, verbatim, at the end of the header.</p><p>This can be used, for example, to include special
CSS or JavaScript in HTML documents.  This option can be used
repeatedly to include multiple files in the header.  They will be
included in the order specified.  Implies <code>--standalone</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-B</code> <em>FILE</em>, <code>--include-before-body=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Include contents of <em>FILE</em>, verbatim, at the beginning of the</p><p>document body (e.g. after the <code>&lt;body&gt;</code> tag in HTML, or the
<code>\begin{document}</code> command in LaTeX). This can be used to include
navigation bars or banners in HTML documents. This option can be
used repeatedly to include multiple files. They will be included in
the order specified.  Implies <code>--standalone</code>. Note that if the
output format is <code>odt</code>, this file must be in OpenDocument XML format
suitable for insertion into the body of the document, and if
the output is <code>docx</code>, this file must be in appropriate
OpenXML format.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-A</code> <em>FILE</em>, <code>--include-after-body=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Include contents of <em>FILE</em>, verbatim, at the end of the document</p><p>body (before the <code>&lt;/body&gt;</code> tag in HTML, or the
<code>\end{document}</code> command in LaTeX). This option can be used
repeatedly to include multiple files. They will be included in the
order specified.  Implies <code>--standalone</code>. Note that if the
output format is <code>odt</code>, this file must be in OpenDocument XML format
suitable for insertion into the body of the document, and if
the output is <code>docx</code>, this file must be in appropriate
OpenXML format.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--resource-path=</code><em>SEARCHPATH</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>List of paths to search for images and other resources.</p><p>The paths should be separated by <code>:</code> on Linux, UNIX, and
macOS systems, and by <code>;</code> on Windows.  If <code>--resource-path</code>
is not specified, the default resource path is the working
directory. Note that, if <code>--resource-path</code> is specified,
the working directory must be explicitly listed or it
will not be searched.  For example:
<code>--resource-path=.:test</code> will search the working directory
and the <code>test</code> subdirectory, in that order.
This option can be used repeatedly. Search path components
that come later on the command line will be searched before
those that come earlier, so
<code>--resource-path foo:bar --resource-path baz:bim</code> is
equivalent to <code>--resource-path baz:bim:foo:bar</code>.
Note that this option only has an effect when pandoc
itself needs to find an image (e.g., in producing a
PDF or docx, or when <code>--embed-resources</code> is used.)
It will not cause image paths to be rewritten in other
cases (e.g., when pandoc is generating LaTeX or HTML).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--request-header=</code><em>NAME</em><code>:</code><em>VAL</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Set the request header <em>NAME</em> to the value <em>VAL</em> when making</p><p>HTTP requests (for example, when a URL is given on the
command line, or when resources used in a document must be
downloaded). If you’re behind a proxy, you also need to set
the environment variable <code>http_proxy</code> to <code>http://...</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--no-check-certificate[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Disable the certificate verification to allow access to</p><p>unsecure HTTP resources (for example when the certificate
is no longer valid or self signed).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="options-affecting-specific-writers" class="options">Options affecting specific writers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--self-contained[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p><em>Deprecated synonym for <code>--embed-resources --standalone</code>.</em></p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--embed-resources[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Produce a standalone HTML file with no external dependencies, using</p><p><code>data:</code> URIs to incorporate the contents of linked scripts, stylesheets,
images, and videos. The resulting file should be “self-contained,” in the
sense that it needs no external files and no net access to be displayed
properly by a browser. This option works only with HTML output formats,
including <code>html4</code>, <code>html5</code>, <code>html+lhs</code>, <code>html5+lhs</code>, <code>s5</code>, <code>slidy</code>,
<code>slideous</code>, <code>dzslides</code>, and <code>revealjs</code>. Scripts, images, and stylesheets at
absolute URLs will be downloaded; those at relative URLs will be sought
relative to the working directory (if the first source
file is local) or relative to the base URL (if the first source
file is remote).  Elements with the attribute
<code>data-external=&quot;1&quot;</code> will be left alone; the documents they
link to will not be incorporated in the document.
Limitation: resources that are loaded dynamically through
JavaScript cannot be incorporated; as a result, fonts may
be missing when <code>--mathjax</code> is used, and some
advanced features (e.g.  zoom or speaker notes) may not work
in an offline “self-contained” <code>reveal.js</code> slide show.</p><p>For SVG images, <code>img</code> tags with <code>data:</code> URIs are used,
unless the image has the class <code>inline-svg</code>, in which case
an inline SVG element is inserted. This approach is
recommended when there are many occurrences of the same
SVG in a document, as <code>&lt;use&gt;</code> elements will be used to
reduce duplication.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--link-images[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Include links to images instead of embedding the images in ODT.</p><p>(This option currently only affects ODT output.)</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--html-q-tags[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use <code>&lt;q&gt;</code> tags for quotes in HTML.  (This option only has an</p><p>effect if the <code>smart</code> extension is enabled for the input
format used.)</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--ascii[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use only ASCII characters in output. Currently supported for XML</p><p>and HTML formats (which use entities instead of UTF-8 when this
option is selected), CommonMark, gfm, and Markdown (which use
entities), roff man and ms (which use hexadecimal escapes), and to a
limited degree LaTeX (which uses standard commands for accented
characters when possible).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--reference-links[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use reference-style links, rather than inline links, in writing Markdown</p><p>or reStructuredText.  By default inline links are used.  The
placement of link references is affected by the
<code>--reference-location</code> option.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--reference-location=block</code>|<code>section</code>|<code>document</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify whether footnotes (and references, if <code>reference-links</code> is</p><p>set) are placed at the end of the current (top-level) block, the
current section, or the document. The default is
<code>document</code>. Currently this option only affects the
<code>markdown</code>, <code>muse</code>, <code>html</code>, <code>epub</code>, <code>slidy</code>, <code>s5</code>, <code>slideous</code>,
<code>dzslides</code>, and <code>revealjs</code> writers.  In slide formats,
specifying <code>--reference-location=section</code> will cause notes
to be rendered at the bottom of a slide.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--figure-caption-position=above</code>|<code>below</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify whether figure captions go above or below figures</p><p>(default is <code>below</code>).  This option only affects HTML,
LaTeX, Docx, ODT, and Typst output.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--table-caption-position=above</code>|<code>below</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify whether table captions go above or below tables</p><p>(default is <code>above</code>).  This option only affects HTML,
LaTeX, Docx, ODT, and Typst output.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--markdown-headings=setext</code>|<code>atx</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify whether to use ATX-style (<code>#</code>-prefixed) or</p><p>Setext-style (underlined) headings for level 1 and 2
headings in Markdown output.  (The default is <code>atx</code>.)
ATX-style headings are always used for levels 3+.
This option also affects Markdown cells in <code>ipynb</code> output.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--list-tables[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Render tables as list tables in RST output.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--top-level-division=default</code>|<code>section</code>|<code>chapter</code>|<code>part</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Treat top-level headings as the given division type in</p><p>LaTeX, ConTeXt, DocBook, and TEI output. The hierarchy
order is part, chapter, then section; all headings are
shifted such that the top-level heading becomes the
specified type. The default behavior is to determine the
best division type via heuristics: unless other conditions
apply, <code>section</code> is chosen. When the <code>documentclass</code>
variable is set to <code>report</code>, <code>book</code>, or <code>memoir</code> (unless the
<code>article</code> option is specified), <code>chapter</code> is implied as the
setting for this option. If <code>beamer</code> is the output format,
specifying either <code>chapter</code> or <code>part</code> will cause top-level
headings to become <code>\part{..}</code>, while second-level headings
remain as their default type.</p><p>In Docx output, this option adds section breaks before first-level
headings if <code>chapter</code> is selected, and before first- and second-level
headings if <code>part</code> is selected. Footnote numbers will restart
with each section break unless the reference doc modifies this.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-N</code>, <code>--number-sections=[true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Number section headings in LaTeX, ConTeXt, HTML, Docx, ms, or EPUB</p><p>output.  By default, sections are not numbered.  Sections with class
<code>unnumbered</code> will never be numbered, even if <code>--number-sections</code>
is specified.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--number-offset=</code><em>NUMBER</em>[<code>,</code><em>NUMBER</em><code>,</code><em>…</em>]</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Offsets for section heading numbers. The first number is added</p><p>to the section number for level-1 headings, the second for
level-2 headings, and so on. So, for example, if you
want the first level-1 heading in your document to be
numbered “6” instead of “1”, specify <code>--number-offset=5</code>.
If your document starts with a level-2 heading which you want
to be numbered “1.5”, specify <code>--number-offset=1,4</code>.
<code>--number-offset</code> only directly affects the number of the
first section heading in a document; subsequent numbers
increment in the normal way. Implies <code>--number-sections</code>.
Currently this feature only affects HTML and Docx output.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--listings[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>*Deprecated, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=idiomatic</code> or</p><p><code>--syntax-highlighting=default</code> instead.</p><p>Use the [<code>listings</code>] package for LaTeX code blocks. The package
does not support multi-byte encoding for source code. To handle UTF-8
you would need to use a custom template. This issue is fully
documented here: [Encoding issue with the listings package].</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-i</code>, <code>--incremental[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Make list items in slide shows display incrementally (one by one).</p><p>The default is for lists to be displayed all at once.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--slide-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specifies that headings with the specified level create</p><p>slides (for <code>beamer</code>, <code>revealjs</code>, <code>pptx</code>, <code>s5</code>, <code>slidy</code>,
<code>slideous</code>, <code>dzslides</code>). Headings above this level in the
hierarchy are used to divide the slide show into sections;
headings below this level create subheads within a slide.
Valid values are 0-6. If a slide level of 0 is specified,
slides will not be split automatically on headings, and
horizontal rules must be used to indicate slide boundaries.
If a slide level is not specified explicitly, the slide level
will be set automatically based on the contents of the
document; see [Structuring the slide show].</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--section-divs[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Wrap sections in <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> tags (or <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> tags for <code>html4</code>),</p><p>and attach identifiers to the enclosing <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> (or <code>&lt;div&gt;</code>)
rather than the heading itself (see
[Heading identifiers], below). This option only affects
HTML output (and does not affect HTML slide formats).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--email-obfuscation=none</code>|<code>javascript</code>|<code>references</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify a method for obfuscating <code>mailto:</code> links in HTML documents.</p><p><code>none</code> leaves <code>mailto:</code> links as they are.  <code>javascript</code> obfuscates
them using JavaScript. <code>references</code> obfuscates them by printing their
letters as decimal or hexadecimal character references.  The default
is <code>none</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--id-prefix=</code><em>STRING</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify a prefix to be added to all identifiers and internal links</p><p>in HTML and DocBook output, and to footnote numbers in Markdown
and Haddock output. This is useful for preventing duplicate
identifiers when generating fragments to be included in other pages.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-T</code> <em>STRING</em>, <code>--title-prefix=</code><em>STRING</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify <em>STRING</em> as a prefix at the beginning of the title</p><p>that appears in the HTML header (but not in the title as it
appears at the beginning of the HTML body).  Implies <code>--standalone</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-c</code> <em>URL</em>, <code>--css=</code><em>URL</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Link to a CSS style sheet. This option can be used repeatedly to</p><p>include multiple files. They will be included in the order specified.
This option only affects HTML (including HTML slide shows)
and EPUB output.  It should be used together with
<code>-s/--standalone</code>, because the link to the stylesheet goes
in the document header.</p><p>A stylesheet is required for generating EPUB.  If none is
provided using this option (or the <code>css</code> or <code>stylesheet</code>
metadata fields), pandoc will look for a file <code>epub.css</code> in the
user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>).  If it is not
found there, sensible defaults will be used.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><span id="option--reference-doc"><code>--reference-doc=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></span></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use the specified file as a style reference in producing a</p><p>docx or ODT file.</p><dl><dt>Docx</dt><dd><p>For best results, the reference docx should be a modified</p><p>version of a docx file produced using pandoc.  The contents
of the reference docx are ignored, but its stylesheets and
document properties (including margins, page size, header,
and footer) are used in the new docx. If no reference docx
is specified on the command line, pandoc will look for a
file <code>reference.docx</code> in the user data directory (see
<code>--data-dir</code>). If this is not found either, sensible
defaults will be used.</p><p>To produce a custom <code>reference.docx</code>, first get a copy of
the default <code>reference.docx</code>: <code>pandoc -o custom-reference.docx --print-default-data-file reference.docx</code>.
Then open <code>custom-reference.docx</code> in Word or LibreOffice, modify the
styles as you wish, and save the file.  For best
results, do not make changes to this file other than
modifying the styles used by pandoc:</p><p>Paragraph styles:</p><ul><li>Normal</li><li>Body Text</li><li>First Paragraph</li><li>Compact</li><li>Title</li><li>Subtitle</li><li>Author</li><li>Date</li><li>Abstract</li><li>AbstractTitle</li><li>Bibliography</li><li>Heading 1</li><li>Heading 2</li><li>Heading 3</li><li>Heading 4</li><li>Heading 5</li><li>Heading 6</li><li>Heading 7</li><li>Heading 8</li><li>Heading 9</li><li>Block Text [for block quotes]</li><li>Footnote Block Text [for block quotes in footnotes]</li><li>Source Code</li><li>Footnote Text</li><li>Definition Term</li><li>Definition</li><li>Caption</li><li>Table Caption</li><li>Image Caption</li><li>Figure</li><li>Captioned Figure</li><li>TOC Heading</li></ul><p>Character styles:</p><ul><li>Default Paragraph Font</li><li>Verbatim Char</li><li>Footnote Reference</li><li>Hyperlink</li><li>Section Number</li></ul><p>Table style:</p><ul><li>Table</li></ul></dd><dt>ODT</dt><dd><p>For best results, the reference ODT should be a modified</p><p>version of an ODT produced using pandoc.  The contents of
the reference ODT are ignored, but its stylesheets are used
in the new ODT. If no reference ODT is specified on the
command line, pandoc will look for a file <code>reference.odt</code> in
the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>). If this is not
found either, sensible defaults will be used.</p><p>To produce a custom <code>reference.odt</code>, first get a copy of
the default <code>reference.odt</code>: <code>pandoc -o custom-reference.odt --print-default-data-file reference.odt</code>.
Then open <code>custom-reference.odt</code> in LibreOffice, modify
the styles as you wish, and save the file.</p></dd><dt>PowerPoint</dt><dd><p>Templates included with Microsoft PowerPoint 2013 (either with</p><p><code>.pptx</code> or <code>.potx</code> extension) are known to work, as are most
templates derived from these.</p><p>The specific requirement is that the template should contain layouts
with the following names (as seen within PowerPoint):</p><ul><li>Title Slide</li><li>Title and Content</li><li>Section Header</li><li>Two Content</li><li>Comparison</li><li>Content with Caption</li><li>Blank</li></ul><p>For each name, the first layout found with that name will be used.
If no layout is found with one of the names, pandoc will output a
warning and use the layout with that name from the default reference
doc instead. (How these layouts are used is described in <a href="#powerpoint-layout-choice">PowerPoint
layout choice</a>.)</p><p>All templates included with a recent version of MS PowerPoint
will fit these criteria. (You can click on <code>Layout</code> under the
<code>Home</code> menu to check.)</p><p>You can also modify the default <code>reference.pptx</code>: first run
<code>pandoc -o custom-reference.pptx --print-default-data-file reference.pptx</code>, and then modify <code>custom-reference.pptx</code>
in MS PowerPoint (pandoc will use the layouts with the names
listed above).</p></dd></dl></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--split-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify the heading level at which to split an EPUB or</p><p>chunked HTML document into separate files. The default is to split
into chapters at level-1 headings. In the case of EPUB, this
option only affects the internal composition of the EPUB, not the way
chapters and sections are displayed to users. Some
readers may be slow if the chapter files are too large, so for large
documents with few level-1 headings, one might want to use a chapter
level of 2 or 3. For chunked HTML, this option determines
how much content goes in each “chunk.”</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--chunk-template=</code><em>PATHTEMPLATE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify a template for the filenames in a <code>chunkedhtml</code> document.</p><p>In the template, <code>%n</code> will be replaced by the chunk number (padded
with leading 0s to 3 digits), <code>%s</code> with the section number of the chunk,
<code>%h</code> with the heading text (with formatting removed), <code>%i</code> with
the section identifier. For example, <code>section-%s-%i.html</code> might
be resolved to <code>section-1.1-introduction.html</code>. The characters
<code>/</code> and <code>\</code> are not allowed in chunk templates and will be
ignored. The default is <code>%s-%i.html</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--epub-chapter-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p><em>Deprecated synonym for <code>--split-level</code>.</em></p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--epub-cover-image=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use the specified image as the EPUB cover.  It is recommended</p><p>that the image be less than 1000px in width and height. Note that
in a Markdown source document you can also specify <code>cover-image</code>
in a YAML metadata block (see [EPUB Metadata], below).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--epub-title-page=true</code>|<code>false</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Determines whether a the title page is included in the EPUB</p><p>(default is <code>true</code>).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--epub-metadata=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Look in the specified XML file for metadata for the EPUB.</p><p>The file should contain a series of [Dublin Core elements].
For example:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code> &lt;dc:rights&gt;Creative Commons&lt;/dc:rights&gt;
 &lt;dc:language&gt;es-AR&lt;/dc:language&gt;</code></pre><p>By default, pandoc will include the following metadata elements:
<code>&lt;dc:title&gt;</code> (from the document title), <code>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</code> (from the
document authors), <code>&lt;dc:date&gt;</code> (from the document date, which should
be in [ISO 8601 format]), <code>&lt;dc:language&gt;</code> (from the <code>lang</code>
variable, or, if is not set, the locale), and <code>&lt;dc:identifier id=&quot;BookId&quot;&gt;</code> (a randomly generated UUID). Any of these may be
overridden by elements in the metadata file.</p><p>Note: if the source document is Markdown, a YAML metadata block
in the document can be used instead.  See below under
[EPUB Metadata].</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--epub-embed-font=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Embed the specified font in the EPUB. This option can be repeated</p><p>to embed multiple fonts.  Wildcards can also be used: for example,
<code>DejaVuSans-*.ttf</code>.  However, if you use wildcards on the command
line, be sure to escape them or put the whole filename in single quotes,
to prevent them from being interpreted by the shell. To use the
embedded fonts, you will need to add declarations like the following
to your CSS (see <code>--css</code>):</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: normal;
   font-weight: normal;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-Regular.ttf&quot;);
}
@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: normal;
   font-weight: bold;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-Bold.ttf&quot;);
}
@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: italic;
   font-weight: normal;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-Oblique.ttf&quot;);
}
@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: italic;
   font-weight: bold;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-BoldOblique.ttf&quot;);
}
body { font-family: &quot;DejaVuSans&quot;; }</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--epub-subdirectory=</code><em>DIRNAME</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Specify the subdirectory in the OCF container that is to hold</p><p>the EPUB-specific contents.  The default is <code>EPUB</code>.  To put
the EPUB contents in the top level, use an empty string.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--ipynb-output=all|none|best</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Determines how ipynb output cells are treated. <code>all</code> means</p><p>that all of the data formats included in the original are
preserved.  <code>none</code> means that the contents of data cells
are omitted.  <code>best</code> causes pandoc to try to pick the
richest data block in each output cell that is compatible
with the output format.  The default is <code>best</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--pdf-engine=</code><em>PROGRAM</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use the specified engine when producing PDF output.</p><p>Valid values are <code>pdflatex</code>, <code>lualatex</code>, <code>xelatex</code>, <code>latexmk</code>,
<code>tectonic</code>, <code>wkhtmltopdf</code>, <code>weasyprint</code>, <code>pagedjs-cli</code>,
<code>prince</code>, <code>context</code>, <code>groff</code>, <code>pdfroff</code>, and <code>typst</code>.
If the engine is not in your PATH, the full path of the engine
may be specified here. If this option is not specified,
pandoc uses the following defaults depending on the output
format specified using <code>-t/--to</code>:</p><ul><li><code>-t latex</code> or none: <code>pdflatex</code> (other options: <code>xelatex</code>, <code>lualatex</code>, <code>tectonic</code>, <code>latexmk</code>)</li><li><code>-t context</code>: <code>context</code></li><li><code>-t html</code>:  <code>weasyprint</code> (other options: <code>prince</code>, <code>wkhtmltopdf</code>, <code>pagedjs-cli</code>; see <a href="https://print-css.rocks">print-css.rocks</a> for a good introduction to PDF generation from HTML/CSS)</li><li><code>-t ms</code>:  <code>groff</code></li><li><code>-t typst</code>: <code>typst</code></li></ul><p>This option is normally intended to be used when a PDF
file is specified as <code>-o/--output</code>.  However, it may still
have an effect when other output formats are requested.
For example, <code>ms</code> output will include <code>.pdfhref</code> macros
only if a <code>--pdf-engine</code> is selected, and the macros will
be differently encoded depending on whether <code>groff</code> or
<code>pdfroff</code> is specified.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--pdf-engine-opt=</code><em>STRING</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use the given string as a command-line argument to the <code>pdf-engine</code>.</p><p>For example, to use a persistent directory <code>foo</code> for <code>latexmk</code>‘s
auxiliary files, use <code>--pdf-engine-opt=-outdir=foo</code>.
Note that no check for duplicate options is done.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="citation-rendering" class="options">Citation rendering</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>-C</code>, <code>--citeproc</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Process the citations in the file, replacing them with</p><p>rendered citations and adding a bibliography.
Citation processing will not take place unless bibliographic
data is supplied, either through an external file specified
using the <code>--bibliography</code> option or the <code>bibliography</code>
field in metadata, or via a <code>references</code> section in metadata
containing a list of citations in CSL YAML format with
Markdown formatting.  The style is controlled by a [CSL]
stylesheet specified using the <code>--csl</code> option or the <code>csl</code>
field in metadata. (If no stylesheet is specified,
the <code>chicago-author-date</code> style will be used by default.)
The citation processing transformation may be applied before
or after filters or Lua filters (see <code>--filter</code>,
<code>--lua-filter</code>): these transformations are applied in the
order they appear on the command line.  For more
information, see the section on [Citations].</p><p>Note: if this option is specified, the <code>citations</code> extension
will be disabled automatically in the writer, to ensure that
the citeproc-generated citations will be rendered instead of
the format’s own citation syntax.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--bibliography=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Set the <code>bibliography</code> field in the document’s metadata to <em>FILE</em>,</p><p>overriding any value set in the metadata.  If you supply
this argument multiple times, each <em>FILE</em> will be added to
bibliography.  If <em>FILE</em> is a URL, it will be fetched
via HTTP. If <em>FILE</em> is not found relative to the
working directory, it will be sought in the resource path
(see <code>--resource-path</code>).</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--csl=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Set the <code>csl</code> field in the document’s metadata to <em>FILE</em>,</p><p>overriding any value set in the metadata.  (This is equivalent to
<code>--metadata csl=FILE</code>.)  If <em>FILE</em> is a URL, it will be
fetched via HTTP.  If <em>FILE</em> is not found relative to the
working directory, it will be sought in the resource path
(see <code>--resource-path</code>) and finally in the <code>csl</code>
subdirectory of the pandoc user data directory.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--citation-abbreviations=</code><em>FILE</em></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Set the <code>citation-abbreviations</code> field in the document’s metadata to</p><p><em>FILE</em>, overriding any value set in the metadata.  (This is equivalent to
<code>--metadata citation-abbreviations=FILE</code>.)
If <em>FILE</em> is a URL, it will be fetched via HTTP.  If <em>FILE</em> is not
found relative to the working directory, it will be sought
in the resource path (see <code>--resource-path</code>) and finally in
the <code>csl</code> subdirectory of the pandoc user data directory.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--natbib</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/natbib"><code>natbib</code></a> for citations in LaTeX output.  This option</p><p>is not for use with the <code>--citeproc</code> option or with PDF
output.  It is intended for use in producing a LaTeX file
that can be processed with [<code>bibtex</code>].</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--biblatex</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex"><code>biblatex</code></a> for citations in LaTeX output.  This option</p><p>is not for use with the <code>--citeproc</code> option or with PDF
output. It is intended for use in producing a LaTeX file
that can be processed with [<code>bibtex</code>] or [<code>biber</code>].</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="math-rendering-in-html" class="options">Math rendering in HTML</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default is to render TeX math as far as possible using
Unicode characters.  Formulas are put inside a <code>span</code> with
<code>class=&quot;math&quot;</code>, so that they may be styled differently from the
surrounding text if needed. However, this gives acceptable
results only for basic math, usually you will want to use
<code>--mathjax</code> or another of the following options.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--mathjax</code>[<code>=</code><em>URL</em>]</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use <a href="https://www.mathjax.org">MathJax</a> to display embedded TeX math in HTML output.</p><p>TeX math will be put between <code>\(...\)</code> (for inline math)
or <code>\[...\]</code> (for display math) and wrapped in <code>&lt;span&gt;</code> tags
with class <code>math</code>. Then the MathJax JavaScript will render it.
The <em>URL</em> should point to the <code>MathJax.js</code> load script.
If a <em>URL</em> is not provided, a link to the Cloudflare CDN will
be inserted.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--mathml</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Convert TeX math to <a href="https://www.w3.org/Math/">MathML</a> (in <code>epub3</code>, <code>docbook4</code>,</p><p><code>docbook5</code>, <code>jats</code>, <code>html4</code> and <code>html5</code>).  This is the
default in <code>odt</code> output. MathML is supported natively by
the main web browsers and select e-book readers.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--webtex</code>[<code>=</code><em>URL</em>]</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Convert TeX formulas to <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> tags that link to an external script</p><p>that converts formulas to images. The formula will be URL-encoded
and concatenated with the URL provided. For SVG images you can for
example use <code>--webtex https://latex.codecogs.com/svg.latex?</code>.
If no URL is specified, the CodeCogs URL generating PNGs
will be used (<code>https://latex.codecogs.com/png.latex?</code>).
Note:  the <code>--webtex</code> option will affect Markdown output
as well as HTML, which is useful if you’re targeting a
version of Markdown without native math support.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--katex</code>[<code>=</code><em>URL</em>]</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Use <a href="https://github.com/Khan/KaTeX">KaTeX</a> to display embedded TeX math in HTML output.</p><p>The <em>URL</em> is the base URL for the KaTeX library. That directory
should contain a <code>katex.min.js</code> and a <code>katex.min.css</code> file.
If a <em>URL</em> is not provided, a link to the KaTeX CDN will be inserted.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--gladtex</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Enclose TeX math in <code>&lt;eq&gt;</code> tags in HTML output.  The resulting HTML</p><p>can then be processed by [GladTeX] to produce SVG images of the typeset
formulas and an HTML file with these images embedded.</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -s --gladtex input.md -o myfile.htex
gladtex -d image_dir myfile.htex
# produces myfile.html and images in image_dir</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="options-for-wrapper-scripts" class="options">Options for wrapper scripts</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--dump-args[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Print information about command-line arguments to <em>stdout</em>, then exit.</p><p>This option is intended primarily for use in wrapper scripts.
The first line of output contains the name of the output file specified
with the <code>-o</code> option, or <code>-</code> (for <em>stdout</em>) if no output file was
specified.  The remaining lines contain the command-line arguments,
one per line, in the order they appear.  These do not include regular
pandoc options and their arguments, but do include any options appearing
after a <code>--</code> separator at the end of the line.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>--ignore-args[=true|false]</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><p>Ignore command-line arguments (for use in wrapper scripts).</p><p>Regular pandoc options are not ignored.  Thus, for example,</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc --ignore-args -o foo.html -s foo.txt -- -e latin1</code></pre><p>is equivalent to</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -o foo.html -s</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="exit-codes">Exit codes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If pandoc completes successfully, it will return exit code 0.
Nonzero exit codes have the following meanings:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:right">Code</th><th>Error</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td>PandocIOError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">3</td><td>PandocFailOnWarningError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">4</td><td>PandocAppError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">5</td><td>PandocTemplateError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">6</td><td>PandocOptionError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21</td><td>PandocUnknownReaderError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">22</td><td>PandocUnknownWriterError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">23</td><td>PandocUnsupportedExtensionError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">24</td><td>PandocCiteprocError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">25</td><td>PandocBibliographyError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31</td><td>PandocEpubSubdirectoryError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">43</td><td>PandocPDFError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">44</td><td>PandocXMLError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">47</td><td>PandocPDFProgramNotFoundError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">61</td><td>PandocHttpError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">62</td><td>PandocShouldNeverHappenError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">63</td><td>PandocSomeError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">64</td><td>PandocParseError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">66</td><td>PandocMakePDFError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">67</td><td>PandocSyntaxMapError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">83</td><td>PandocFilterError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">84</td><td>PandocLuaError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">89</td><td>PandocNoScriptingEngine</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">91</td><td>PandocMacroLoop</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">92</td><td>PandocUTF8DecodingError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">93</td><td>PandocIpynbDecodingError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">94</td><td>PandocUnsupportedCharsetError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">95</td><td>PandocInputNotTextError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">97</td><td>PandocCouldNotFindDataFileError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">98</td><td>PandocCouldNotFindMetadataFileError</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">99</td><td>PandocResourceNotFound</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="defaults-files">Defaults files</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>--defaults</code> option may be used to specify a package
of options, in the form of a YAML or JSON file. Examples in
this section will be given in YAML, but the equivalent forms in
JSON will also work.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fields that are omitted will just have their regular
default values.  So a defaults file can be as simple as
one line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"yaml"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">verbosity: INFO</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>or in JSON:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"json"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-json">{ &quot;verbosity&quot;: &quot;INFO&quot; }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In fields that expect a file path (or list of file paths), the
following syntax may be used to interpolate environment variables:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"yaml"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">csl:  ${HOME}/mycsldir/special.csl</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>${USERDATA}</code> may also be used; this will always resolve to the
user data directory that is current when the defaults file is
parsed, regardless of the setting of the environment
variable <code>USERDATA</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>${.}</code> will resolve to the directory containing the defaults
file itself.  This allows you to refer to resources contained
in that directory:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"yaml"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">epub-cover-image: ${.}/cover.jpg
epub-metadata: ${.}/meta.xml
resource-path:
- .             # the working directory from which pandoc is run
- ${.}/images   # the images subdirectory of the directory
                # containing this defaults file</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This environment variable interpolation syntax <em>only</em> works in
fields that expect file paths.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Defaults files can be placed in the <code>defaults</code> subdirectory of
the user data directory and used from any directory.  For
example, one could create a file specifying defaults for writing
letters, save it as <code>letter.yaml</code> in the <code>defaults</code> subdirectory
of the user data directory, and then invoke these defaults
from any directory using <code>pandoc --defaults letter</code>
or <code>pandoc -dletter</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When multiple defaults are used, their contents will be combined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that, where command-line arguments may be repeated
(<code>--metadata-file</code>, <code>--css</code>, <code>--include-in-header</code>,
<code>--include-before-body</code>, <code>--include-after-body</code>, <code>--variable</code>,
<code>--metadata</code>, <code>--syntax-definition</code>), the values specified on
the command line will combine with values specified in the
defaults file, rather than replacing them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following tables show the mapping between the command line and
defaults file entries.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:48.6111%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>foo.md</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml input-file: foo.md</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>foo.md bar.md

</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">input-files:
- foo.md
- bar.md</code></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of <code>input-files</code> may be left empty to indicate input from
stdin, and it can be an empty sequence <code>[]</code> for no input.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="general-options-1">General options</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:48.6111%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--from markdown+emoji</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml from: markdown+emoji</code>
<code>yaml reader: markdown+emoji</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--to markdown+hard_line_breaks</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml to: markdown+hard_line_breaks</code>
<code>yaml writer: markdown+hard_line_breaks</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--output foo.pdf</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml output-file: foo.pdf</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--output -</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml output-file:</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--data-dir dir</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml data-dir: dir</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--defaults file</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">defaults:
- file</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--verbose</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml verbosity: INFO</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--quiet</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml verbosity: ERROR</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--fail-if-warnings</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml fail-if-warnings: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--sandbox</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml sandbox: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--log=FILE</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml log-file: FILE</code></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Options specified in a defaults file itself always have priority over
those in another file included with a <code>defaults:</code> entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>verbosity</code> can have the values <code>ERROR</code>, <code>WARNING</code>, or <code>INFO</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="reader-options-1">Reader options</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:48.6111%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--shift-heading-level-by -1</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml shift-heading-level-by: -1</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--indented-code-classes python
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">indented-code-classes:
- python</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--default-image-extension &quot;.jpg&quot;</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml default-image-extension: &#039;.jpg&#039;</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--file-scope</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml file-scope: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--citeproc \
--lua-filter count-words.lua \
--filter special.lua

</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">filters:
- citeproc
- count-words.lua
- type: json
path: special.lua</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--metadata key=value \
--metadata key2
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml metadata: key: value key2: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--metadata-file meta.yaml
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">metadata-files:
- meta.yaml</code></pre><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">metadata-file: meta.yaml</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--preserve-tabs</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml preserve-tabs: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--tab-stop 8</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml tab-stop: 8</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--track-changes accept</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml track-changes: accept</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--extract-media dir</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml extract-media: dir</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--abbreviations abbrevs.txt</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml abbreviations: abbrevs.txt</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--typst-input foo=bar
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml typst-inputs: foo: bar</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--trace</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml trace: true</code></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Metadata values specified in a defaults file are parsed as literal
string text, not Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Filters will be assumed to be Lua filters if they have the <code>.lua</code>
extension, and JSON filters otherwise.  But the filter type can also be
specified explicitly, as shown.  Filters are run in the order specified.
To include the built-in citeproc filter, use either <code>citeproc</code> or
<code>{type: citeproc}</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="general-writer-options-1">General writer options</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:48.6111%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--standalone</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml standalone: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--template letter</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml template: letter</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--variable key=val \
--variable key2
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml variables: key: val key2: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--eol nl</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml eol: nl</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--dpi 300</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml dpi: 300</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--wrap preserve</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml wrap: &quot;preserve&quot;</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--columns 72</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml columns: 72</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--table-of-contents</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml table-of-contents: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--toc</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml toc: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--toc-depth 3</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml toc-depth: 3</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--strip-comments</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml strip-comments: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--no-highlight</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml syntax-highlighting: &#039;none&#039;</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--syntax-highlighting kate</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml syntax-highlighting: kate</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--syntax-definition mylang.xml
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">syntax-definitions:
- mylang.xml</code></pre><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">syntax-definition: mylang.xml</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--include-in-header inc.tex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">include-in-header:
- inc.tex</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--include-before-body inc.tex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">include-before-body:
- inc.tex</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--include-after-body inc.tex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">include-after-body:
- inc.tex</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--resource-path .:foo</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml resource-path: [&#039;.&#039;,&#039;foo&#039;]</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--request-header foo:bar
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">request-headers:
- [&quot;User-Agent&quot;, &quot;Mozilla/5.0&quot;]</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--no-check-certificate</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml no-check-certificate: true</code></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="options-affecting-specific-writers-1">Options affecting specific writers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:48.6111%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--self-contained</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml self-contained: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--link-images</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml link-images: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--html-q-tags</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-q-tags: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--ascii</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml ascii: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--reference-links</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml reference-links: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--reference-location block</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml reference-location: block</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--figure-caption-position=above</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml figure-caption-position: above</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--table-caption-position=below</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml table-caption-position: below</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--markdown-headings atx</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml markdown-headings: atx</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--list-tables</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml list-tables: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--top-level-division chapter</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml top-level-division: chapter</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--number-sections</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml number-sections: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--number-offset=1,4</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml number-offset: \[1,4\]</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--listings</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml listings: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--list-of-figures</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml list-of-figures: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--lof</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml lof: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--list-of-tables</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml list-of-tables: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--lot</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml lot: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--incremental</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml incremental: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--slide-level 2</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml slide-level: 2</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--section-divs</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml section-divs: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--email-obfuscation references</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml email-obfuscation: references</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--id-prefix ch1</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml identifier-prefix: ch1</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--title-prefix MySite</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml title-prefix: MySite</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--css styles/screen.css  \
--css styles/special.css
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">css:
- styles/screen.css
- styles/special.css</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--reference-doc my.docx</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml reference-doc: my.docx</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--epub-cover-image cover.jpg</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml epub-cover-image: cover.jpg</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--epub-title-page=false</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml epub-title-page: false</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--epub-metadata meta.xml</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml epub-metadata: meta.xml</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--epub-embed-font special.otf \
--epub-embed-font headline.otf
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">epub-fonts:
- special.otf
- headline.otf</code></pre></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--split-level 2</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml split-level: 2</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--chunk-template=&quot;%i.html&quot;</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml chunk-template: &quot;%i.html&quot;</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--epub-subdirectory=&quot;&quot;</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml epub-subdirectory: &#039;&#039;</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--ipynb-output best</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml ipynb-output: best</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--pdf-engine xelatex</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml pdf-engine: xelatex</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--pdf-engine-opt=--shell-escape
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">pdf-engine-opts:
- &#039;-shell-escape&#039;</code></pre><pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">pdf-engine-opt: &#039;-shell-escape&#039;</code></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="citation-rendering-1">Citation rendering</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:48.6111%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--citeproc</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml citeproc: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--bibliography logic.bib</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml bibliography: logic.bib</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--csl ieee.csl</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml csl: ieee.csl</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--citation-abbreviations ab.json</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml citation-abbreviations: ab.json</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--natbib</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml cite-method: natbib</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--biblatex</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml cite-method: biblatex</code></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>cite-method</code> can be <code>citeproc</code>, <code>natbib</code>, or <code>biblatex</code>. This only
affects LaTeX output.  If you want to use citeproc to format citations,
you should also set ‘citeproc: true’.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you need control over when the citeproc processing is done relative
to other filters, you should instead use <code>citeproc</code> in the list
of <code>filters</code> (see <a href="#reader-options-1">Reader options</a>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="math-rendering-in-html-1">Math rendering in HTML</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:48.6111%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--mathjax
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-math-method: method: mathjax</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--mathml
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-math-method: method: mathml</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--webtex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-math-method: method: webtex</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--katex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-math-method: method: katex</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>--gladtex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-math-method: method: gladtex</code></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to the values listed above, <code>method</code> can have the
value <code>plain</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the command line option accepts a URL argument, an <code>url:</code> field can
be added to <code>html-math-method:</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="options-for-wrapper-scripts-1">Options for wrapper scripts</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:48.6111%"/><col style="width:50%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--dump-args</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml dump-args: true</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--ignore-args</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml ignore-args: true</code></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="templates">Templates</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the <code>-s/--standalone</code> option is used, pandoc uses a template to
add header and footer material that is needed for a self-standing
document.  To see the default template that is used, just type</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -D *FORMAT*</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>where <em>FORMAT</em> is the name of the output format. A custom template
can be specified using the <code>--template</code> option.  You can also override
the system default templates for a given output format <em>FORMAT</em>
by putting a file <code>templates/default.*FORMAT*</code> in the user data
directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>, above). <em>Exceptions:</em></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>For <code>odt</code> output, customize the <code>default.opendocument</code> template.</li><li>For <code>docx</code> output, customize the <code>default.openxml</code> template.</li><li>For <code>pdf</code> output, customize the <code>default.latex</code> template (or the <code>default.context</code> template, if you use <code>-t context</code>, or the <code>default.ms</code> template, if you use <code>-t ms</code>, or the <code>default.html</code> template, if you use <code>-t html</code>).</li><li><code>pptx</code> has no template.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that <code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>, and <code>pptx</code> output can also be customized
using <code>--reference-doc</code>.  Use a reference doc to adjust the styles
in your document; use a template to handle variable interpolation and
customize the presentation of metadata, the position of the table
of contents, boilerplate text, etc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Templates contain <em>variables</em>, which allow for the inclusion of
arbitrary information at any point in the file. They may be set at the
command line using the <code>-V/--variable</code> option. If a variable is not set,
pandoc will look for the key in the document’s metadata, which can be set
using either [YAML metadata blocks][Extension: <code>yaml_metadata_block</code>]
or with the <code>-M/--metadata</code> option.  In addition, some variables
are given default values by pandoc.  See <a href="#variables">Variables</a> below for
a list of variables used in pandoc’s default templates.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you use custom templates, you may need to revise them as pandoc
changes.  We recommend tracking the changes in the default templates,
and modifying your custom templates accordingly. An easy way to do this
is to fork the <a href="https://github.com/jgm/pandoc-templates">pandoc-templates</a> repository and merge in
changes after each pandoc release.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="template-syntax">Template syntax</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="comments">Comments</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Anything between the sequence <code>$--</code> and the end of the
line will be treated as a comment and omitted from the output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="delimiters">Delimiters</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To mark variables and control structures in the template,
either <code>$</code>…<code>$</code> or <code>${</code>…<code>}</code> may be used as delimiters.
The styles may also be mixed in the same template, but the
opening and closing delimiter must match in each case.  The
opening delimiter may be followed by one or more spaces
or tabs, which will be ignored. The closing delimiter may
be preceded by one or more spaces or tabs, which will be
ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To include a literal <code>$</code> in the document, use <code>$$</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="interpolated-variables">Interpolated variables</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A slot for an interpolated variable is a variable name surrounded
by matched delimiters.  Variable names must begin with a letter
and can contain letters, numbers, <code>_</code>, <code>-</code>, and <code>.</code>.  The
keywords <code>it</code>, <code>if</code>, <code>else</code>, <code>endif</code>, <code>for</code>, <code>sep</code>, and <code>endfor</code> may
not be used as variable names. Examples:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$foo$
$foo.bar.baz$
$foo_bar.baz-bim$
$ foo $
${foo}
${foo.bar.baz}
${foo_bar.baz-bim}
${ foo }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Variable names with periods are used to get at structured
variable values.  So, for example, <code>employee.salary</code> will return the
value of the <code>salary</code> field of the object that is the value of
the <code>employee</code> field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If the value of the variable is a simple value, it will be rendered verbatim.  (Note that no escaping is done; the assumption is that the calling program will escape the strings appropriately for the output format.)</li><li>If the value is a list, the values will be concatenated.</li><li>If the value is a map, the string <code>true</code> will be rendered.</li><li>Every other value will be rendered as the empty string.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="conditionals">Conditionals</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A conditional begins with <code>if(variable)</code> (enclosed in
matched delimiters) and ends with <code>endif</code> (enclosed in matched
delimiters).  It may optionally contain an <code>else</code> (enclosed in
matched delimiters).  The <code>if</code> section is used if
<code>variable</code> has a true value, otherwise the <code>else</code>
section is used (if present).  The following values count
as true:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>any map</li><li>any array containing at least one true value</li><li>any nonempty string</li><li>boolean True</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that in YAML metadata (and metadata specified on the
command line using <code>-M/--metadata</code>), unquoted <code>true</code> and <code>false</code> will be
interpreted as Boolean values. But a variable specified on the
command line using <code>-V/--variable</code> will always be given a string
value. Hence a conditional <code>if(foo)</code> will be triggered if you
use <code>-V foo=false</code>, but not if you use <code>-M foo=false</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Examples:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$if(foo)$bar$endif$

$if(foo)$
  $foo$
$endif$

$if(foo)$
part one
$else$
part two
$endif$

${if(foo)}bar${endif}

${if(foo)}
  ${foo}
${endif}

${if(foo)}
${ foo.bar }
${else}
no foo!
${endif}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The keyword <code>elseif</code> may be used to simplify complex nested
conditionals:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$if(foo)$
XXX
$elseif(bar)$
YYY
$else$
ZZZ
$endif$</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="for-loops">For loops</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A for loop begins with <code>for(variable)</code> (enclosed in
matched delimiters) and ends with <code>endfor</code> (enclosed in matched
delimiters).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If <code>variable</code> is an array, the material inside the loop will be evaluated repeatedly, with <code>variable</code> being set to each value of the array in turn, and concatenated.</li><li>If <code>variable</code> is a map, the material inside will be set to the map.</li><li>If the value of the associated variable is not an array or a map, a single iteration will be performed on its value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Examples:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$for(foo)$$foo$$sep$, $endfor$

$for(foo)$
  - $foo.last$, $foo.first$
$endfor$

${ for(foo.bar) }
  - ${ foo.bar.last }, ${ foo.bar.first }
${ endfor }

$for(mymap)$
$it.name$: $it.office$
$endfor$</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You may optionally specify a separator between consecutive
values using <code>sep</code> (enclosed in matched delimiters).  The
material between <code>sep</code> and the <code>endfor</code> is the separator.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>${ for(foo) }${ foo }${ sep }, ${ endfor }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of using <code>variable</code> inside the loop, the special
anaphoric keyword <code>it</code> may be used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>${ for(foo.bar) }
  - ${ it.last }, ${ it.first }
${ endfor }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="partials">Partials</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Partials (subtemplates stored in different files) may be
included by using the name of the partial, followed
by <code>()</code>, for example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>${ styles() }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Partials will be sought in the directory containing
the main template. The file name will be assumed to
have the same extension as the main template if it
lacks an extension. When calling the partial, the
full name including file extension can also be used:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>${ styles.html() }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(If a partial is not found in the directory of the
template and the template path is given as a relative
path, it will also be sought in the <code>templates</code>
subdirectory of the user data directory.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Partials may optionally be applied to variables using
a colon:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>${ date:fancy() }

${ articles:bibentry() }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If <code>articles</code> is an array, this will iterate over its
values, applying the partial <code>bibentry()</code> to each one.  So the
second example above is equivalent to</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>${ for(articles) }
${ it:bibentry() }
${ endfor }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that the anaphoric keyword <code>it</code> must be used when
iterating over partials.  In the above examples,
the <code>bibentry</code> partial should contain <code>it.title</code>
(and so on) instead of <code>articles.title</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Final newlines are omitted from included partials.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Partials may include other partials.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A separator between values of an array may be specified
in square brackets, immediately after the variable name
or partial:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>${months[, ]}

${articles:bibentry()[; ]}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The separator in this case is literal and (unlike with <code>sep</code>
in an explicit <code>for</code> loop) cannot contain interpolated
variables or other template directives.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="nesting">Nesting</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To ensure that content is “nested,” that is, subsequent lines
indented, use the <code>^</code> directive:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$item.number$  $^$$item.description$ ($item.price$)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In this example, if <code>item.description</code> has multiple lines,
they will all be indented to line up with the first line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>00123  A fine bottle of 18-year old
       Oban whiskey. ($148)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To nest multiple lines to the same level, align them
with the <code>^</code> directive in the template. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$item.number$  $^$$item.description$ ($item.price$)
               (Available til $item.sellby$.)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will produce</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>00123  A fine bottle of 18-year old
       Oban whiskey. ($148)
       (Available til March 30, 2020.)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a variable occurs by itself on a line, preceded by whitespace
and not followed by further text or directives on the same line,
and the variable’s value contains multiple lines, it will be
nested automatically.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="breakable-spaces">Breakable spaces</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Normally, spaces in the template itself (as opposed to values of
the interpolated variables) are not breakable, but they can be
made breakable in part of the template by using the <code>~</code> keyword
(ended with another <code>~</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$~$This long line may break if the document is rendered
with a short line length.$~$</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="pipes">Pipes</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A pipe transforms the value of a variable or partial. Pipes are
specified using a slash (<code>/</code>) between the variable name (or partial)
and the pipe name. Example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$for(name)$
$name/uppercase$
$endfor$

$for(metadata/pairs)$
- $it.key$: $it.value$
$endfor$

$employee:name()/uppercase$</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pipes may be chained:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$for(employees/pairs)$
$it.key/alpha/uppercase$. $it.name$
$endfor$</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some pipes take parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>|----------------------|------------|
$for(employee)$
$it.name.first/uppercase/left 20 &quot;| &quot;$$it.name.salary/right 10 &quot; | &quot; &quot; |&quot;$
$endfor$
|----------------------|------------|</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Currently the following pipes are predefined:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p><code>pairs</code>:  Converts a map or array to an array of maps, each with <code>key</code> and <code>value</code> fields.  If the original value was an array, the <code>key</code> will be the array index, starting with 1.</p></li><li><p><code>uppercase</code>:  Converts text to uppercase.</p></li><li><p><code>lowercase</code>:  Converts text to lowercase.</p></li><li><p><code>length</code>:  Returns the length of the value:  number of characters for a textual value, number of elements for a map or array.</p></li><li><p><code>reverse</code>:  Reverses a textual value or array, and has no effect on other values.</p></li><li><p><code>first</code>: Returns the first value of an array, if applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original value.</p></li><li><p><code>last</code>: Returns the last value of an array, if applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original value.</p></li><li><p><code>rest</code>: Returns all but the first value of an array, if applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original value.</p></li><li><p><code>allbutlast</code>: Returns all but the last value of an array, if applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original value.</p></li><li><p><code>chomp</code>:  Removes trailing newlines (and breakable space).</p></li><li><p><code>nowrap</code>:  Disables line wrapping on breakable spaces.</p></li><li><p><code>alpha</code>:  Converts textual values that can be read as an integer into lowercase alphabetic characters <code>a..z</code> (mod 26). This can be used to get lettered enumeration from array indices.  To get uppercase letters, chain with <code>uppercase</code>.</p></li><li><p><code>roman</code>:  Converts textual values that can be read as an integer into lowercase roman numerals. This can be used to get lettered enumeration from array indices. To get uppercase roman, chain with <code>uppercase</code>.</p></li><li><p><code>left n &quot;leftborder&quot; &quot;rightborder&quot;</code>:  Renders a textual value in a block of width <code>n</code>, aligned to the left, with an optional left and right border.  Has no effect on other values. This can be used to align material in tables.  Widths are positive integers indicating the number of characters.  Borders are strings inside double quotes; literal <code>&quot;</code> and <code>\</code> characters must be backslash-escaped.</p></li><li><p><code>right n &quot;leftborder&quot; &quot;rightborder&quot;</code>:  Renders a textual value in a block of width <code>n</code>, aligned to the right, and has no effect on other values.</p></li><li><p><code>center n &quot;leftborder&quot; &quot;rightborder&quot;</code>:  Renders a textual value in a block of width <code>n</code>, aligned to the center, and has no effect on other values.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="variables">Variables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="metadata-variables">Metadata variables</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>title</code>, <code>author</code>, <code>date</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>allow identification of basic aspects of the document.  Includedin PDF metadata through LaTeX and ConTeXt.  These can be set
through a [pandoc title block][Extension: <code>pandoc_title_block</code>],
which allows for multiple authors, or through a
[YAML metadata block][Extension: <code>yaml_metadata_block</code>]:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
author:
- Aristotle
- Peter Abelard
...</code></pre>Note that if you just want to set PDF or HTML metadata, without
including a title block in the document itself, you can
set the <code>title-meta</code>, <code>author-meta</code>, and <code>date-meta</code>
variables.  (By default these are set automatically, based
on <code>title</code>, <code>author</code>, and <code>date</code>.) The page title in HTML
is set by <code>pagetitle</code>, which is equal to <code>title</code> by default.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>subtitle</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>document subtitle, included in HTML, EPUB, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and docxdocuments</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>abstract</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>document summary, included in HTML, LaTeX, ConTeXt, AsciiDoc, and docxdocuments</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>abstract-title</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>title of abstract, currently used only in HTML, EPUB, docx, and Typst.This will be set automatically to a localized value,
depending on <code>lang</code>, but can be manually overridden.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>keywords</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>list of keywords to be included in HTML, PDF, ODT, pptx, docxand AsciiDoc metadata; repeat as for <code>author</code>, above</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>subject</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>document subject, included in ODT, PDF, docx, EPUB, and pptx metadata</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>description</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>document description, included in ODT, docx and pptx metadata. Someapplications show this as <code>Comments</code> metadata.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>category</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>document category, included in docx and pptx metadata</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Additionally,
any root-level string metadata, not included in ODT, docx
or pptx metadata is added as a <em>custom property</em>.
The following <a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html" title="YAML v1.2 Spec">YAML</a> metadata block for instance:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
title:  &#039;This is the title&#039;
subtitle: &quot;This is the subtitle&quot;
author:
- Author One
- Author Two
description: |
    This is a long
    description.

    It consists of two paragraphs
...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will include <code>title</code>, <code>author</code> and <code>description</code> as standard document
properties and <code>subtitle</code> as a custom property when converting to docx,
ODT or pptx.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="language-variables">Language variables</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>lang</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>identifies the main language of the document using IETF languagetags (following the [BCP 47] standard), such as <code>en</code> or <code>en-GB</code>.
The [Language subtag lookup] tool can look up or verify these tags.
This affects most formats, and controls hyphenation in PDF output
when using LaTeX (through [<code>babel</code>] and [<code>polyglossia</code>]) or ConTeXt.Use native pandoc [Divs and Spans] with the <code>lang</code> attribute to
switch the language:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
lang: en-GB
...

Text in the main document language (British English).

::: {lang=fr-CA}
&gt; Cette citation est écrite en français canadien.
:::

More text in English. [&#039;Zitat auf Deutsch.&#039;]{lang=de}</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>dir</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>the base script direction, either <code>rtl</code> (right-to-left)or <code>ltr</code> (left-to-right).For bidirectional documents, native pandoc <code>span</code>s and
<code>div</code>s with the <code>dir</code> attribute (value <code>rtl</code> or <code>ltr</code>) can
be used to override the base direction in some output
formats.  This may not always be necessary if the final
renderer (e.g. the browser, when generating HTML) supports
the [Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm].When using LaTeX for bidirectional documents, only the
<code>xelatex</code> engine is fully supported (use
<code>--pdf-engine=xelatex</code>).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-html">Variables for HTML</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>document-css</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Enables inclusion of most of the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS">CSS</a> in the <code>styles.html</code><a href="#partials">partial</a> (have a look with
<code>pandoc --print-default-data-file=templates/styles.html</code>).
Unless you use <code>--css</code>, this variable
is set to <code>true</code> by default. You can disable it with
e.g. <code>pandoc -M document-css=false</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>mainfont</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the CSS <code>font-family</code> property on the <code>html</code> element.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>fontsize</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the base CSS <code>font-size</code>, which you’d usually setto e.g. <code>20px</code>, but it also accepts <code>pt</code>
(12pt = 16px in most browsers).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>fontcolor</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the CSS <code>color</code> property on the <code>html</code> element.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>linkcolor</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the CSS <code>color</code> property on all links.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>monofont</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the CSS <code>font-family</code> property on <code>code</code> elements.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>monobackgroundcolor</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the CSS <code>background-color</code> property on <code>code</code> elementsand adds extra padding.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>linestretch</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the CSS <code>line-height</code> property on the <code>html</code> element,which is preferred to be unitless.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>maxwidth</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the CSS <code>max-width</code> property (default is 36em).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>backgroundcolor</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the CSS <code>background-color</code> property on the <code>html</code> element.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>, <code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the corresponding CSS <code>padding</code> properties on the <code>body</code> element.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To override or extend some <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS">CSS</a> for just one document, include for example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
header-includes: |
  &lt;style&gt;
  blockquote {
    font-style: italic;
  }
  tr.even {
    background-color: #f0f0f0;
  }
  td, th {
    padding: 0.5em 2em 0.5em 0.5em;
  }
  tbody {
    border-bottom: none;
  }
  &lt;/style&gt;
---</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-html-math">Variables for HTML math</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>classoption</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>when using <code>--katex</code>, you can render display math equationsflush left using <a href="#layout">YAML metadata</a> or with <code>-M classoption=fleqn</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-html-slides">Variables for HTML slides</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These affect HTML output when <a href="#slide-shows">producing slide shows with
pandoc</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>institute</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>author affiliations: can be a list when there are multiple authors</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>revealjs-url</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>base URL for reveal.js documents (defaults to<code>https://unpkg.com/reveal.js@^5</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>s5-url</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>base URL for S5 documents (defaults to <code>s5/default</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>slidy-url</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>base URL for Slidy documents (defaults to<code>https://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy2</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>slideous-url</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>base URL for Slideous documents (defaults to <code>slideous</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>title-slide-attributes</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>additional attributes for the title slide of reveal.js slide shows.See [background in reveal.js, beamer, and pptx] for an example.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>highlightjs-theme</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>highlight.js theme for code highlighting when using<code>--syntax-highlighting=idiomatic</code> with reveal.js (defaults to
<code>monokai</code>). See the [highlight.js demo page] for available themes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All <a href="https://revealjs.com/config/">reveal.js configuration options</a> are available as variables.
To turn off boolean flags that default to true in reveal.js, use <code>0</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-beamer-slides">Variables for Beamer slides</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These variables change the appearance of PDF slides using <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/beamer"><code>beamer</code></a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>aspectratio</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>slide aspect ratio (<code>43</code> for 4:3 [default], <code>169</code> for 16:9,<code>1610</code> for 16:10, <code>149</code> for 14:9, <code>141</code> for 1.41:1, <code>54</code> for 5:4,
<code>32</code> for 3:2)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>beameroption</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>add extra beamer option with <code>\setbeameroption{}</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>institute</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>author affiliations: can be a list when there are multiple authors</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>logo</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>logo image for slides</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>logooptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>options for logo image (e.g., <code>width</code>, <code>height</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>navigation</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>controls navigation symbols (default is <code>empty</code> for no navigationsymbols; other valid values are <code>frame</code>, <code>vertical</code>, and <code>horizontal</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>section-titles</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>enables “title pages” for new sections (default is true)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>theme</code>, <code>colortheme</code>, <code>fonttheme</code>, <code>innertheme</code>, <code>outertheme</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>beamer themes</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>themeoptions</code>, <code>colorthemeoptions</code>, <code>fontthemeoptions</code>, <code>innerthemeoptions</code>, <code>outerthemeoptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>options for LaTeX beamer themes (lists)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>titlegraphic</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>image for title slide: can be a list</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>titlegraphicoptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>options for title slide image (e.g., <code>width</code>, <code>height</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>shorttitle</code>, <code>shortsubtitle</code>, <code>shortauthor</code>, <code>shortinstitute</code>, <code>shortdate</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>some beamer themes use short versions of the title, subtitle, author,institute, date</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-powerpoint">Variables for PowerPoint</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These variables control the visual aspects of a slide show that
are not easily controlled via templates.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>monofont</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>font to use for code.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-latex">Variables for LaTeX</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc uses these variables when <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a PDF</a> with a LaTeX engine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="layout">Layout</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>block-headings</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>make <code>\paragraph</code> and <code>\subparagraph</code> (fourth- andfifth-level headings, or fifth- and sixth-level with book
classes) free-standing rather than run-in; requires further
formatting to distinguish from <code>\subsubsection</code> (third- or
fourth-level headings). Instead of using this option,
[KOMA-Script] can adjust headings more extensively:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
documentclass: scrartcl
header-includes: |
  \RedeclareSectionCommand[
    beforeskip=-10pt plus -2pt minus -1pt,
    afterskip=1sp plus -1sp minus 1sp,
    font=\normalfont\itshape]{paragraph}
  \RedeclareSectionCommand[
    beforeskip=-10pt plus -2pt minus -1pt,
    afterskip=1sp plus -1sp minus 1sp,
    font=\normalfont\scshape,
    indent=0pt]{subparagraph}
...</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>classoption</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>option for document class, e.g. <code>oneside</code>; repeat for multiple options:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
classoption:
- twocolumn
- landscape
...</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>documentclass</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>document class: usually one of the standard classes,[<code>article</code>], [<code>book</code>], and [<code>report</code>]; the [KOMA-Script]
equivalents, <code>scrartcl</code>, <code>scrbook</code>, and <code>scrreprt</code>, which
default to smaller margins; or [<code>memoir</code>]</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>geometry</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>option for <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/geometry"><code>geometry</code></a> package, e.g. <code>margin=1in</code>;repeat for multiple options:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
geometry:
- top=30mm
- left=20mm
- heightrounded
...</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>shorthands</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Enable language-specific shorthands when loading <code>babel</code>.(By default, pandoc includes <code>shorthands=off</code> when loading
<code>babel</code>, disabling language-specific shorthands.)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>hyperrefoptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>option for <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/hyperref"><code>hyperref</code></a> package, e.g. <code>linktoc=all</code>;repeat for multiple options:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
hyperrefoptions:
- linktoc=all
- pdfwindowui
- pdfpagemode=FullScreen
...</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>indent</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>if true, pandoc will use document class settings forindentation (the default LaTeX template otherwise removes
indentation and adds space between paragraphs)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>linestretch</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>adjusts line spacing using the <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/setspace"><code>setspace</code></a>package, e.g. <code>1.25</code>, <code>1.5</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>, <code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets margins if <code>geometry</code> is not used (otherwise <code>geometry</code>overrides these)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>pagestyle</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>control <code>\pagestyle{}</code>: the default article classsupports <code>plain</code> (default), <code>empty</code> (no running heads or page numbers),
and <code>headings</code> (section titles in running heads)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>papersize</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>paper size, e.g. <code>letter</code>, <code>a4</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>secnumdepth</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>numbering depth for sections (with <code>--number-sections</code> optionor <code>numbersections</code> variable)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>beamerarticle</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>produce an article from Beamer slides.  Note: if you setthis variable, you must specify the beamer writer but use the
default <em>LaTeX</em> template: for example,
<code>pandoc -Vbeamerarticle -t beamer --template default.latex</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>handout</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>produce a handout version of Beamer slides (with overlays condensedinto single slides)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>csquotes</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>load <code>csquotes</code> package and use <code>\enquote</code> or <code>\enquote*</code> for quoted text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>csquotesoptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>options to use for <code>csquotes</code> package (repeat for multiple options).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>babeloptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>options to pass to the babel package (may be repeated formultiple options). This defaults to <code>provide=*</code> if the main
language isn’t a European language written with Latin or
Cyrillic script or Vietnamese. Most users will not need to
adjust the default setting.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="fonts">Fonts</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>fontenc</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>allows font encoding to be specified through <code>fontenc</code> package (with<code>pdflatex</code>); default is <code>T1</code> (see [LaTeX font encodings guide])</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>fontfamily</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>font package for use with <code>pdflatex</code>:[TeX Live] includes many options, documented in the [LaTeX Font Catalogue].
The default is [Latin Modern][<code>lm</code>].</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>fontfamilyoptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>options for package used as <code>fontfamily</code>; repeat for multiple options.For example, to use the Libertine font with proportional lowercase
(old-style) figures through the [<code>libertinus</code>] package:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
fontfamily: libertinus
fontfamilyoptions:
- osf
- p
...</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>fontsize</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>font size for body text. The standard classes allow 10pt, 11pt, and12pt.  To use another size, set <code>documentclass</code> to one of
the [KOMA-Script] classes, such as <code>scrartcl</code> or <code>scrbook</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>, <code>monofont</code>, <code>mathfont</code>, <code>CJKmainfont</code>, <code>CJKsansfont</code>, <code>CJKmonofont</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>font families for use with <code>xelatex</code> or<code>lualatex</code>: take the name of any system font, using the
[<code>fontspec</code>] package.  <code>CJKmainfont</code> uses the [<code>xecjk</code>] package if <code>xelatex</code> is used,
or the [<code>luatexja</code>] package if <code>lualatex</code> is used.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>mainfontoptions</code>, <code>sansfontoptions</code>, <code>monofontoptions</code>, <code>mathfontoptions</code>, <code>CJKoptions</code>, <code>luatexjapresetoptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>options to use with <code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>, <code>monofont</code>, <code>mathfont</code>,<code>CJKmainfont</code> in <code>xelatex</code> and <code>lualatex</code>.  Allow for any
choices available through [<code>fontspec</code>]; repeat for multiple
options. For example, to use the [TeX Gyre] version of
Palatino with lowercase figures:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
mainfont: TeX Gyre Pagella
mainfontoptions:
- Numbers=Lowercase
- Numbers=Proportional
...</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>mainfontfallback</code>, <code>sansfontfallback</code>, <code>monofontfallback</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>fonts to try if a glyph isn’t found in <code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>, or <code>monofont</code>respectively. These are lists. The font name must be followed by a colon
and optionally a set of options, for example:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
mainfontfallback:
  - &quot;FreeSans:&quot;
  - &quot;NotoColorEmoji:mode=harf&quot;
...</code></pre>Font fallbacks currently only work with <code>lualatex</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>babelfonts</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>a map of Babel language names (e.g. <code>chinese</code>) to the fontto be used with the language:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
babelfonts:
  chinese-hant: &quot;Noto Serif CJK TC&quot;
  russian: &quot;Noto Serif&quot;
...</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>microtypeoptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>options to pass to the microtype package</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="links">Links</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>colorlinks</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>add color to link text; automatically enabled if any of<code>linkcolor</code>, <code>filecolor</code>, <code>citecolor</code>, <code>urlcolor</code>, or <code>toccolor</code> are set</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>boxlinks</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>add visible box around links (has no effect if <code>colorlinks</code> is set)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>linkcolor</code>, <code>filecolor</code>, <code>citecolor</code>, <code>urlcolor</code>, <code>toccolor</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>color for internal links, external links, citation links, linkedURLs, and links in table of contents, respectively: uses options
allowed by [<code>xcolor</code>], including the <code>dvipsnames</code>, <code>svgnames</code>, and
<code>x11names</code> lists</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>links-as-notes</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>causes links to be printed as footnotes</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>urlstyle</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>style for URLs (e.g., <code>tt</code>, <code>rm</code>, <code>sf</code>, and, the default, <code>same</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="front-matter">Front matter</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>lof</code>, <code>lot</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>include list of figures, list of tables (can also be set using<code>--lof/--list-of-figures</code>, <code>--lot/--list-of-tables</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>thanks</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>contents of acknowledgments footnote after document title</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>toc</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>include table of contents (can also be set using<code>--toc/--table-of-contents</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>toc-depth</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>level of section to include in table of contents</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="biblatex-bibliographies">BibLaTeX Bibliographies</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These variables function when using BibLaTeX for <a href="#citation-rendering">citation rendering</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>biblatexoptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>list of options for biblatex</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>biblio-style</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>bibliography style, when used with <code>--natbib</code> and <code>--biblatex</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>biblio-title</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>bibliography title, when used with <code>--natbib</code> and <code>--biblatex</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>bibliography</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>bibliography to use for resolving references</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>natbiboptions</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>list of options for natbib</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="other">Other</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>pdf-trailer-id</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>the PDF trailer ID; must be two PDF byte strings if set,conventionally with 16 bytes each. E.g.,
<code>&lt;00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff&gt; &lt;00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff&gt;</code>.See the section on [reproducible builds].</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>pdfstandard</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>PDF standard(s) for the document, e.g. <code>ua-2</code>, <code>a-4f</code>.Supports PDF/A, PDF/X, and PDF/UA variants.
Requires LuaLaTeX and LaTeX 2023+. Repeat for multiple standards:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
pdfstandard:
- ua-2
- a-4f
...</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-context">Variables for ConTeXt</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc uses these variables when <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a PDF</a> with ConTeXt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>fontsize</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>font size for body text (e.g. <code>10pt</code>, <code>12pt</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>headertext</code>, <code>footertext</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>text to be placed in running header or footer (see [ConTeXt Headers andFooters]); repeat up to four times for different placement</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>indenting</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>controls indentation of paragraphs, e.g. <code>yes,small,next</code> (see[ConTeXt Indentation]); repeat for multiple options</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>interlinespace</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>adjusts line spacing, e.g. <code>4ex</code> (using <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Command/setupinterlinespace"><code>setupinterlinespace</code></a>);repeat for multiple options</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>layout</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>options for page margins and text arrangement (see <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Document_layout_and_layers/Tutorials">ConTeXt Layout</a>);repeat for multiple options</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>linkcolor</code>, <code>contrastcolor</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>color for links outside and inside a page, e.g. <code>red</code>, <code>blue</code> (see[ConTeXt Color])</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>linkstyle</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>typeface style for links, e.g. <code>normal</code>, <code>bold</code>, <code>slanted</code>, <code>boldslanted</code>,<code>type</code>, <code>cap</code>, <code>small</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>lof</code>, <code>lot</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>include list of figures, list of tables</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>, <code>monofont</code>, <code>mathfont</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>font families: take the name of any system font (see[ConTeXt Font Switching])</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>mainfontfallback</code>, <code>sansfontfallback</code>, <code>monofontfallback</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>list of fonts to try, in order, if a glyph is not found in themain font. Use <code>\definefallbackfamily</code>-compatible font name syntax.
Emoji fonts are unsupported.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>, <code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets margins, if <code>layout</code> is not used (otherwise <code>layout</code>overrides these)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>pagenumbering</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>page number style and location (using <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Command/setuppagenumbering"><code>setuppagenumbering</code></a>);repeat for multiple options</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>papersize</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>paper size, e.g. <code>letter</code>, <code>A4</code>, <code>landscape</code> (see <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Document_layout_and_layers/Paper_setup">ConTeXt Paper Setup</a>);repeat for multiple options</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>pdfa</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>adds to the preamble the setup necessary to generate PDF/Aof the type specified, e.g. <code>1a:2005</code>, <code>2a</code>. If no type is
specified (i.e. the value is set to True, by e.g.
<code>--metadata=pdfa</code> or <code>pdfa: true</code> in a YAML metadata block),
<code>1b:2005</code> will be used as default, for reasons of backwards
compatibility. Using <code>--variable=pdfa</code> without specified value
is not supported.  To successfully generate PDF/A the required
ICC color profiles have to be available and the content and all
included files (such as images) have to be standard-conforming.
The ICC profiles and output intent may be specified using the
variables <code>pdfaiccprofile</code> and <code>pdfaintent</code>.  See also [ConTeXt
PDFA] for more details.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>pdfaiccprofile</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>when used in conjunction with <code>pdfa</code>, specifies the ICC profile to usein the PDF, e.g. <code>default.cmyk</code>. If left unspecified, <code>sRGB.icc</code> is
used as default. May be repeated to include multiple profiles. Note that
the profiles have to be available on the system. They can be obtained
from [ConTeXt ICC Profiles].</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>pdfaintent</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>when used in conjunction with <code>pdfa</code>, specifies the output intent forthe colors, e.g. <code>ISO coated v2 300\letterpercent\space (ECI)</code>
If left unspecified, <code>sRGB IEC61966-2.1</code> is used as default.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>toc</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>include table of contents (can also be set using<code>--toc/--table-of-contents</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>urlstyle</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>typeface style for links without link text, e.g. <code>normal</code>, <code>bold</code>, <code>slanted</code>, <code>boldslanted</code>,<code>type</code>, <code>cap</code>, <code>small</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>whitespace</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>spacing between paragraphs, e.g. <code>none</code>, <code>small</code> (using[<code>setupwhitespace</code>])</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>includesource</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>include all source documents as file attachments in the PDF file</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-wkhtmltopdf">Variables for <code>wkhtmltopdf</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc uses these variables when <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a PDF</a> with <a href="https://wkhtmltopdf.org"><code>wkhtmltopdf</code></a>.
The <code>--css</code> option also affects the output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>footer-html</code>, <code>header-html</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>add information to the header and footer</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>, <code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>set the page margins</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>papersize</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>sets the PDF paper size</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-man-pages">Variables for man pages</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>adjusting</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>adjusts text to left (<code>l</code>), right (<code>r</code>), center (<code>c</code>),or both (<code>b</code>) margins</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>footer</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>footer in man pages</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>header</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>header in man pages</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>section</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>section number in man pages</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-texinfo">Variables for Texinfo</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>version</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>version of software (used in title and title page)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>filename</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>name of info file to be generated (defaults to a name based on thetexi filename)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-typst">Variables for Typst</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>template</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Typst template to use (relative path only).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>margin</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A dictionary with the fields defined in the Typst documentation:<code>x</code>, <code>y</code>, <code>top</code>, <code>bottom</code>, <code>left</code>, <code>right</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>papersize</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Paper size: <code>a4</code>, <code>us-letter</code>, etc.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>mainfont</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Name of system font to use for the main font.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>fontsize</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Font size (e.g., <code>12pt</code>).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>section-numbering</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Schema to use for numbering sections, e.g. <code>1.A.1</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>page-numbering</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Schema to use for numbering pages, e.g. <code>1</code> or <code>i</code>, oran empty string to omit page numbering.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>columns</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Number of columns for body text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>thanks</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>contents of acknowledgments footnote after document title</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>mathfont</code>, <code>codefont</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Name of system font to use for math and code, respectively.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>linestretch</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>adjusts line spacing, e.g. <code>1.25</code>, <code>1.5</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>linkcolor</code>, <code>filecolor</code>, <code>citecolor</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>color for external links, internal links, and citation links,respectively: expects a hexadecimal color code</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-for-ms">Variables for ms</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>fontfamily</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>A</code> (Avant Garde), <code>B</code> (Bookman), <code>C</code> (Helvetica), <code>HN</code>(Helvetica Narrow), <code>P</code> (Palatino), or <code>T</code> (Times New Roman).
This setting does not affect source code, which is always
displayed using monospace Courier. These built-in fonts are
limited in their coverage of characters. Additional fonts may
be installed using the script [<code>install-font.sh</code>] provided
by Peter Schaffter and documented in detail on [his web
site][ms-font-steps].</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>indent</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>paragraph indent (e.g. <code>2m</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>lineheight</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>line height (e.g. <code>12p</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>pointsize</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>point size (e.g. <code>10p</code>)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="variables-set-automatically">Variables set automatically</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc sets these variables automatically in response to <a href="#options">options</a> or
document contents; users can also modify them. These vary depending
on the output format, and include the following:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>body</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>body of document</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>date-meta</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>the <code>date</code> variable converted to ISO 8601 YYYY-MM-DD,included in all HTML based formats (dzslides, epub,
html, html4, html5, revealjs, s5, slideous, slidy).
The recognized formats for <code>date</code> are: <code>mm/dd/yyyy</code>,
<code>mm/dd/yy</code>, <code>yyyy-mm-dd</code> (ISO 8601), <code>dd MM yyyy</code>
(e.g. either <code>02 Apr 2018</code> or <code>02 April 2018</code>),
<code>MM dd, yyyy</code> (e.g. <code>Apr. 02, 2018</code> or <code>April 02, 2018), </code>yyyy[mm[dd]]<code>(e.g.</code>20180402, <code>201804</code> or <code>2018</code>).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>header-includes</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>contents specified by <code>-H/--include-in-header</code> (may have multiplevalues)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>include-before</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>contents specified by <code>-B/--include-before-body</code> (may havemultiple values)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>include-after</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>contents specified by <code>-A/--include-after-body</code> (may havemultiple values)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>meta-json</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>JSON representation of all of the document’s metadata. Fieldvalues are transformed to the selected output format.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>numbersections</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>non-null value if <code>-N/--number-sections</code> was specified</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>sourcefile</code>, <code>outputfile</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>source and destination filenames, as given on the command line.<code>sourcefile</code> can also be a list if input comes from multiple files,
or empty if input is from stdin. You can use the following snippet in
your template to distinguish them:<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$if(sourcefile)$
$for(sourcefile)$
$sourcefile$
$endfor$
$else$
(stdin)
$endif$</code></pre>Similarly, <code>outputfile</code> can be <code>-</code> if output goes to the terminal.If you need absolute paths, use e.g. <code>$curdir$/$sourcefile$</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>pdf-engine</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>name of PDF engine if provided using <code>--pdf-engine</code>, or thedefault engine for the format if PDF output is requested.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>curdir</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>working directory from which pandoc is run.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>pandoc-version</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>pandoc version.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>toc</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>non-null value if <code>--toc/--table-of-contents</code> was specified</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>toc-title</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>title of table of contents (works only with EPUB,HTML, revealjs, opendocument, odt, docx, pptx, beamer, LaTeX).
Note that in docx and pptx a custom <code>toc-title</code> will be
picked up from metadata, but cannot be set as a variable.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="extensions">Extensions</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The behavior of some of the readers and writers can be adjusted by
enabling or disabling various extensions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An extension can be enabled by adding <code>+EXTENSION</code>
to the format name and disabled by adding <code>-EXTENSION</code>. For example,
<code>--from markdown_strict+footnotes</code> is strict Markdown with footnotes
enabled, while <code>--from markdown-footnotes-pipe_tables</code> is pandoc’s
Markdown without footnotes or pipe tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Markdown reader and writer make by far the most use of extensions.
Extensions only used by them are therefore covered in the
section [Pandoc’s Markdown] below (see <a href="#markdown-variants">Markdown variants</a> for
<code>commonmark</code> and <code>gfm</code>). In the following, extensions that also work
for other formats are covered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that Markdown extensions added to the <code>ipynb</code> format
affect Markdown cells in Jupyter notebooks (as do command-line
options like <code>--markdown-headings</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="typography">Typography</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-smart">Extension: <code>smart</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Interpret straight quotes as curly quotes, <code>---</code> as em-dashes,
<code>--</code> as en-dashes, and <code>...</code> as ellipses. Nonbreaking spaces are
inserted after certain abbreviations, such as “Mr.”</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>input formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>markdown, commonmark, latex, mediawiki, org, rst, twiki,
<code>html</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>output formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>markdown</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, <code>org</code>, <code>rst</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>enabled by default in</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>markdown</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code> (both input and output)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: If you are <em>writing</em> Markdown, then the <code>smart</code> extension
has the reverse effect: what would have been curly quotes comes
out straight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In LaTeX, <code>smart</code> means to use the standard TeX ligatures
for quotation marks (<code>``</code> and <code>&#039;&#039;</code> for double quotes,
<code>`</code> and <code>&#039;</code> for single quotes) and dashes (<code>--</code> for
en-dash and <code>---</code> for em-dash).  If <code>smart</code> is disabled,
then in reading LaTeX pandoc will parse these characters
literally.  In writing LaTeX, enabling <code>smart</code> tells pandoc
to use the ligatures when possible; if <code>smart</code> is disabled
pandoc will use unicode quotation mark and dash characters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="headings-and-sections">Headings and sections</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-auto_identifiers">Extension: <code>auto_identifiers</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A heading without an explicitly specified identifier will be
automatically assigned a unique identifier based on the heading text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>input formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>markdown</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>rst</code>, <code>mediawiki</code>, <code>textile</code>, <code>man</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>output formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>markdown</code>, <code>muse</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>enabled by default in</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>markdown</code>, <code>muse</code>, <code>man</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default algorithm used to derive the identifier from the
heading text is:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Remove all formatting, links, etc.</li><li>Remove all footnotes.</li><li>Remove all non-alphanumeric characters, except underscores, hyphens, and periods.</li><li>Replace all spaces and newlines with hyphens.</li><li>Convert all alphabetic characters to lowercase.</li><li>Remove everything up to the first letter (identifiers may not begin with a number or punctuation mark).</li><li>If nothing is left after this, use the identifier <code>section</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Thus, for example,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">Heading</th><th>Identifier</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>Heading identifiers in HTML</code></td><td><code>heading-identifiers-in-html</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>Maître d&#039;hôtel</code></td><td><code>maître-dhôtel</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>*Dogs*?--in *my* house?</code></td><td><code>dogs--in-my-house</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>[HTML], [S5], or [RTF]?</code></td><td><code>html-s5-or-rtf</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>3. Applications</code></td><td><code>applications</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>33</code></td><td><code>section</code></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These rules should, in most cases, allow one to determine the identifier
from the heading text. The exception is when several headings have the
same text; in this case, the first will get an identifier as described
above; the second will get the same identifier with <code>-1</code> appended; the
third with <code>-2</code>; and so on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(However, a different algorithm is used if
<code>gfm_auto_identifiers</code> is enabled; see below.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These identifiers are used to provide link targets in the table of
contents generated by the <code>--toc|--table-of-contents</code> option. They
also make it easy to provide links from one section of a document to
another. A link to this section, for example, might look like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>See the section on
[heading identifiers](#heading-identifiers-in-html-latex-and-context).</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note, however, that this method of providing links to sections works
only in HTML, LaTeX, and ConTeXt formats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the <code>--section-divs</code> option is specified, then each section will
be wrapped in a <code>section</code> (or a <code>div</code>, if <code>html4</code> was specified),
and the identifier will be attached to the enclosing <code>&lt;section&gt;</code>
(or <code>&lt;div&gt;</code>) tag rather than the heading itself. This allows entire
sections to be manipulated using JavaScript or treated differently in
CSS.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-ascii_identifiers">Extension: <code>ascii_identifiers</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Causes the identifiers produced by <code>auto_identifiers</code> to be pure ASCII.
Accents are stripped off of accented Latin letters, and non-Latin
letters are omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-gfm_auto_identifiers">Extension: <code>gfm_auto_identifiers</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Changes the algorithm used by <code>auto_identifiers</code> to conform to
GitHub’s method.  Spaces are converted to dashes (<code>-</code>),
uppercase characters to lowercase characters, and punctuation
characters other than <code>-</code> and <code>_</code> are removed.
Emojis are replaced by their names.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="math-input">Math Input</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The extensions <a href="#extension-tex_math_dollars"><code>tex_math_dollars</code></a>,
<a href="#extension-tex_math_gfm"><code>tex_math_gfm</code></a>,
<a href="#extension-tex_math_single_backslash"><code>tex_math_single_backslash</code></a>, and
<a href="#extension-tex_math_double_backslash"><code>tex_math_double_backslash</code></a>
are described in the section about Pandoc’s Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>However, they can also be used with HTML input. This is handy for
reading web pages formatted using MathJax, for example.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="raw-htmltex">Raw HTML/TeX</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following extensions are described in more detail in
their respective sections of [Pandoc’s Markdown]:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p><a href="#extension-raw_html"><code>raw_html</code></a> allows HTML elements which are not representable in pandoc’s AST to be parsed as raw HTML. By default, this is disabled for HTML input.</p></li><li><p><a href="#extension-raw_tex"><code>raw_tex</code></a> allows raw LaTeX, TeX, and ConTeXt to be included in a document.  This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats (in addition to <code>markdown</code>):</p><dl><dt>input formats</dt><dd>latex, textile, html (environments, <span class="pandoc-raw-tex">\ref</span>, and
<code>\eqref</code> only), <code>ipynb</code></dd><dt>output formats</dt><dd><code>textile</code>, <code>commonmark</code></dd></dl><p>Note: as applied to <code>ipynb</code>, <code>raw_html</code> and <code>raw_tex</code> affect not only raw TeX in Markdown cells, but data with mime type <code>text/html</code> in output cells.  Since the <code>ipynb</code> reader attempts to preserve the richest possible outputs when several options are given, you will get best results if you disable <code>raw_html</code> and <code>raw_tex</code> when converting to formats like <code>docx</code> which don’t allow raw <code>html</code> or <code>tex</code>.</p></li><li><p><a href="#extension-native_divs"><code>native_divs</code></a> causes HTML <code>div</code> elements to be parsed as native pandoc Div blocks. If you want them to be parsed as raw HTML, use <code>-f html-native_divs+raw_html</code>.</p></li><li><p><a href="#extension-native_spans"><code>native_spans</code></a> causes HTML <code>span</code> elements to be parsed as native pandoc Span inlines. If you want them to be parsed as raw HTML, use <code>-f html-native_spans+raw_html</code>.  If you want to drop all <code>div</code>s and <code>span</code>s when converting HTML to Markdown, you can use <code>pandoc -f html-native_divs-native_spans -t markdown</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="literate-haskell-support">Literate Haskell support</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-literate_haskell">Extension: <code>literate_haskell</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Treat the document as literate Haskell source.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>input formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>markdown</code>, <code>rst</code>, <code>latex</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>output formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>markdown</code>, <code>rst</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>html</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you append <code>+lhs</code> (or <code>+literate_haskell</code>) to one of the formats
above, pandoc will treat the document as literate Haskell source.
This means that</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>In Markdown input, “bird track” sections will be parsed as Haskell code rather than block quotations.  Text between <code>\begin{code}</code> and <code>\end{code}</code> will also be treated as Haskell code.  For ATX-style headings the character ‘=’ will be used instead of ‘#’.</p></li><li><p>In Markdown output, code blocks with classes <code>haskell</code> and <code>literate</code> will be rendered using bird tracks, and block quotations will be indented one space, so they will not be treated as Haskell code. In addition, headings will be rendered setext-style (with underlines) rather than ATX-style (with ‘#’ characters). (This is because ghc treats ‘#’ characters in column 1 as introducing line numbers.)</p></li><li><p>In restructured text input, “bird track” sections will be parsed as Haskell code.</p></li><li><p>In restructured text output, code blocks with class <code>haskell</code> will be rendered using bird tracks.</p></li><li><p>In LaTeX input, text in <code>code</code> environments will be parsed as Haskell code.</p></li><li><p>In LaTeX output, code blocks with class <code>haskell</code> will be rendered inside <code>code</code> environments.</p></li><li><p>In HTML output, code blocks with class <code>haskell</code> will be rendered with class <code>literatehaskell</code> and bird tracks.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Examples:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -f markdown+lhs -t html</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>reads literate Haskell source formatted with Markdown conventions and writes
ordinary HTML (without bird tracks).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -f markdown+lhs -t html+lhs</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>writes HTML with the Haskell code in bird tracks, so it can be copied
and pasted as literate Haskell source.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that GHC expects the bird tracks in the first column, so indented
literate code blocks (e.g. inside an itemized environment) will not be
picked up by the Haskell compiler.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="other-extensions">Other extensions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-empty_paragraphs">Extension: <code>empty_paragraphs</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Allows empty paragraphs.  By default empty paragraphs are
omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>input formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>docx</code>, <code>html</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>output formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>, <code>html</code>, <code>latex</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-native_numbering">Extension: <code>native_numbering</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Enables native numbering of figures and tables. Enumeration
starts at 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>output formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>, <code>docx</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-xrefs_name">Extension: <code>xrefs_name</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Links to headings, figures and tables inside the document are
substituted with cross-references that will use the name or caption
of the referenced item. The original link text is replaced once
the generated document is refreshed. This extension can be combined
with <code>xrefs_number</code> in which case numbers will appear before the
name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Text in cross-references is only made consistent with the referenced
item once the document has been refreshed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>output formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-xrefs_number">Extension: <code>xrefs_number</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Links to headings, figures and tables inside the document are
substituted with cross-references that will use the number
of the referenced item. The original link text is discarded.
This extension can be combined with <code>xrefs_name</code> in which case
the name or caption numbers will appear after the number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For the <code>xrefs_number</code> to be useful heading numbers must be enabled
in the generated document, also table and figure captions must be enabled
using for example the <code>native_numbering</code> extension.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Numbers in cross-references are only visible in the final document once
it has been refreshed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>output formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="ext-styles">Extension: <code>styles</code> ###</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When converting from docx, add <code>custom-styles</code> attributes
for all docx styles, regardless of whether pandoc understands
the meanings of these styles. Because attributes cannot be
added directly to paragraphs or text in the pandoc AST,
paragraph styles will cause Divs to be created and character
styles will cause Spans to be created to hold the attributes.
(Table styles will be added to the Table elements directly.)
This extension can be used with <a href="#custom-styles">docx custom styles</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>input formats</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li><code>docx</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-amuse">Extension: <code>amuse</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the <code>muse</code> input format, this enables Text::Amuse
extensions to Emacs Muse markup.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-raw_markdown">Extension: <code>raw_markdown</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the <code>ipynb</code> input format, this causes Markdown cells
to be included as raw Markdown blocks (allowing lossless
round-tripping) rather than being parsed.  Use this only
when you are targeting <code>ipynb</code> or a Markdown-based
output format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="typst-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code> (typst)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the <code>citations</code> extension is enabled in <code>typst</code>
(as it is by default), <code>typst</code> citations will
be parsed as native pandoc citations, and native
pandoc citations will be rendered as <code>typst</code> citations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="org-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code> (org)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the <code>citations</code> extension is enabled in <code>org</code>,
org-cite and org-ref style citations will be parsed as
native pandoc citations, and org-cite citations will
be used to render native pandoc citations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="docx-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code> (docx)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When <code>citations</code> is enabled in <code>docx</code>, citations inserted
by Zotero or Mendeley or EndNote plugins will be parsed as native
pandoc citations.  (Otherwise, the formatted citations generated
by the bibliographic software will be parsed as regular text.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="org-fancy-lists">Extension: <code>fancy_lists</code> (org)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some aspects of <a href="#extension-fancy_lists">Pandoc’s Markdown fancy lists</a> are also
accepted in <code>org</code> input, mimicking the option <code>org-list-allow-alphabetical</code> in
Emacs. As in Org Mode, enabling this extension allows lowercase and uppercase
alphabetical markers for ordered lists to be parsed in addition to arabic ones.
Note that for Org, this does not include roman numerals or the <code>#</code> placeholder
that are enabled by the extension in Pandoc’s Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-element_citations">Extension: <code>element_citations</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the <code>jats</code> output formats, this causes reference items to
be replaced with <code>&lt;element-citation&gt;</code> elements. These
elements are not influenced by CSL styles, but all information
on the item is included in tags.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-ntb">Extension: <code>ntb</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the <code>context</code> output format this enables the use of <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/TABLE">Natural Tables
(TABLE)</a> instead of the default
<a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/xtables">Extreme Tables (xtables)</a>.
Natural tables allow more fine-grained global customization but come
at a performance penalty compared to extreme tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-smart_quotes-org">Extension: <code>smart_quotes</code> (org)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Interpret straight quotes as curly quotes during parsing. When
<em>writing</em> Org, then the <code>smart_quotes</code> extension has the reverse
effect: what would have been curly quotes comes out straight.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This extension is implied if <code>smart</code> is enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-special_strings-org">Extension: <code>special_strings</code> (org)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Interpret <code>---</code> as em-dashes, <code>--</code> as en-dashes, <code>\-</code> as shy
hyphen, and <code>...</code> as ellipses.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This extension is implied if <code>smart</code> is enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension--tagging">Extension: <code>tagging</code> ###</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Enabling this extension with <code>context</code> output will produce markup
suitable for the production of tagged PDFs. This includes
additional markers for paragraphs and alternative markup for
emphasized text. The <code>emphasis-command</code> template variable is set
if the extension is enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="pandocs-markdown">Pandoc’s Markdown</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc understands an extended and slightly revised version of
John Gruber’s <a href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Markdown</a> syntax.  This document explains the syntax,
noting differences from original Markdown. Except where noted, these
differences can be suppressed by using the <code>markdown_strict</code> format instead
of <code>markdown</code>. Extensions can be enabled or disabled to specify the
behavior more granularly. They are described in the following. See also
<a href="#extensions">Extensions</a> above, for extensions that work also on other formats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="philosophy">Philosophy</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown is designed to be easy to write, and, even more importantly,
easy to read:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>A Markdown-formatted document should be publishable as-is, as plain
text, without looking like it’s been marked up with tags or formatting
instructions.<br/>– <a href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax#philosophy">John Gruber</a></p></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This principle has guided pandoc’s decisions in finding syntax for
tables, footnotes, and other extensions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There is, however, one respect in which pandoc’s aims are different
from the original aims of Markdown.  Whereas Markdown was originally
designed with HTML generation in mind, pandoc is designed for multiple
output formats.  Thus, while pandoc allows the embedding of raw HTML,
it discourages it, and provides other, non-HTMLish ways of representing
important document elements like definition lists, tables, mathematics, and
footnotes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="paragraphs">Paragraphs</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A paragraph is one or more lines of text followed by one or more blank lines.
Newlines are treated as spaces, so you can reflow your paragraphs as you like.
If you need a hard line break, put two or more spaces at the end of a line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-escaped_line_breaks">Extension: <code>escaped_line_breaks</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A backslash followed by a newline is also a hard line break.
Note:  in multiline and grid table cells, this is the only way
to create a hard line break, since trailing spaces in the cells
are ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="headings">Headings</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are two kinds of headings: Setext and ATX.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="setext-style-headings">Setext-style headings</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A setext-style heading is a line of text “underlined” with a row of <code>=</code> signs
(for a level-one heading) or <code>-</code> signs (for a level-two heading):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>A level-one heading
===================

A level-two heading
-------------------</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The heading text can contain inline formatting, such as emphasis (see
<a href="#inline-formatting">Inline formatting</a>, below).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="atx-style-headings">ATX-style headings</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An ATX-style heading consists of one to six <code>#</code> signs and a line of
text, optionally followed by any number of <code>#</code> signs.  The number of
<code>#</code> signs at the beginning of the line is the heading level:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>## A level-two heading

### A level-three heading ###</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As with setext-style headings, the heading text can contain formatting:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># A level-one heading with a [link](/url) and *emphasis*</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-blank_before_header">Extension: <code>blank_before_header</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Original Markdown syntax does not require a blank line before a heading.
Pandoc does require this (except, of course, at the beginning of the
document). The reason for the requirement is that it is all too easy for a
<code>#</code> to end up at the beginning of a line by accident (perhaps through line
wrapping). Consider, for example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>I like several of their flavors of ice cream:
#22, for example, and #5.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-space_in_atx_header">Extension: <code>space_in_atx_header</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Many Markdown implementations do not require a space between the
opening <code>#</code>s of an ATX heading and the heading text, so that
<code>#5 bolt</code> and <code>#hashtag</code> count as headings.  With this extension,
pandoc does require the space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="heading-identifiers">Heading identifiers</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See also the <a href="#extension-auto_identifiers"><code>auto_identifiers</code>
extension</a> above.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-header_attributes">Extension: <code>header_attributes</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Headings can be assigned attributes using this syntax at the end
of the line containing the heading text:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>{#identifier .class .class key=value key=value}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Thus, for example, the following headings will all be assigned the identifier
<code>foo</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># My heading {#foo}

## My heading ##    {#foo}

My other heading   {#foo}
---------------</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(This syntax is compatible with <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown Extra</a>.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that although this syntax allows assignment of classes and key/value
attributes, writers generally don’t use all of this information.  Identifiers,
classes, and key/value attributes are used in HTML and HTML-based formats such
as EPUB and slidy.  Identifiers are used for labels and link anchors in the
LaTeX, ConTeXt, Textile, Jira markup, and AsciiDoc writers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Headings with the class <code>unnumbered</code> will not be numbered, even if
<code>--number-sections</code> is specified.  A single hyphen (<code>-</code>) in an attribute
context is equivalent to <code>.unnumbered</code>, and preferable in non-English
documents.  So,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># My heading {-}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>is just the same as</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># My heading {.unnumbered}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the <code>unlisted</code> class is present in addition to <code>unnumbered</code>,
the heading will not be included in a table of contents.
(Currently this feature is only implemented for certain
formats: those based on LaTeX and HTML, PowerPoint, and RTF.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-implicit_header_references">Extension: <code>implicit_header_references</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc behaves as if reference links have been defined for each heading.
So, to link to a heading</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># Heading identifiers in HTML</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>you can simply write</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Heading identifiers in HTML]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>or</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Heading identifiers in HTML][]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>or</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[the section on heading identifiers][heading identifiers in
HTML]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>instead of giving the identifier explicitly:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Heading identifiers in HTML](#heading-identifiers-in-html)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If there are multiple headings with identical text, the corresponding
reference will link to the first one only, and you will need to use explicit
links to link to the others, as described above.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Like regular reference links, these references are case-insensitive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Explicit link reference definitions always take priority over
implicit heading references.  So, in the following example, the
link will point to <code>bar</code>, not to <code>#foo</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># Foo

[foo]: bar

See [foo]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="block-quotations">Block quotations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown uses email conventions for quoting blocks of text.
A block quotation is one or more paragraphs or other block elements
(such as lists or headings), with each line preceded by a <code>&gt;</code> character
and an optional space. (The <code>&gt;</code> need not start at the left margin, but
it should not be indented more than three spaces.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; This is a block quote. This
&gt; paragraph has two lines.
&gt;
&gt; 1. This is a list inside a block quote.
&gt; 2. Second item.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A “lazy” form, which requires the <code>&gt;</code> character only on the first
line of each block, is also allowed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; This is a block quote. This
paragraph has two lines.

&gt; 1. This is a list inside a block quote.
2. Second item.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Among the block elements that can be contained in a block quote are
other block quotes. That is, block quotes can be nested:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; This is a block quote.
&gt;
&gt; &gt; A block quote within a block quote.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the <code>&gt;</code> character is followed by an optional space, that space
will be considered part of the block quote marker and not part of
the indentation of the contents.  Thus, to put an indented code
block in a block quote, you need five spaces after the <code>&gt;</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt;     code</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-blank_before_blockquote">Extension: <code>blank_before_blockquote</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Original Markdown syntax does not require a blank line before a
block quote.  Pandoc does require this (except, of course, at
the beginning of the document). The reason for the requirement
is that it is all too easy for a <code>&gt;</code> to end up at the beginning
of a line by accident (perhaps through line wrapping). So,
unless the <code>markdown_strict</code> format is used, the following does
not produce a nested block quote in pandoc:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; This is a block quote.
&gt;&gt; Not nested, since `blank_before_blockquote` is enabled by default</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="verbatim-code-blocks">Verbatim (code) blocks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="indented-code-blocks">Indented code blocks</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A block of text indented four spaces (or one tab) is treated as verbatim
text: that is, special characters do not trigger special formatting,
and all spaces and line breaks are preserved.  For example,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>    if (a &gt; 3) {
      moveShip(5 * gravity, DOWN);
    }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The initial (four space or one tab) indentation is not considered part
of the verbatim text, and is removed in the output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: blank lines in the verbatim text need not begin with four spaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="fenced-code-blocks">Fenced code blocks</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-fenced_code_blocks">Extension: <code>fenced_code_blocks</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to standard indented code blocks, pandoc supports
<em>fenced</em> code blocks.  These begin with a row of three or more
tildes (<code>~</code>) and end with a row of tildes that must be at least as long as
the starting row. Everything between these lines is treated as code. No
indentation is necessary:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>~~~~~~~
if (a &gt; 3) {
  moveShip(5 * gravity, DOWN);
}
~~~~~~~</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Like regular code blocks, fenced code blocks must be separated
from surrounding text by blank lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the code itself contains a row of tildes or backticks, just use a longer
row of tildes or backticks at the start and end:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~
code including tildes
~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-backtick_code_blocks">Extension: <code>backtick_code_blocks</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Same as <code>fenced_code_blocks</code>, but uses backticks (<code>`</code>) instead of tildes
(<code>~</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-fenced_code_attributes">Extension: <code>fenced_code_attributes</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Optionally, you may attach attributes to fenced or backtick code block using
this syntax:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>~~~~ {#mycode .haskell .numberLines startFrom=&quot;100&quot;}
qsort []     = []
qsort (x:xs) = qsort (filter (&lt; x) xs) ++ [x] ++
               qsort (filter (&gt;= x) xs)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here <code>mycode</code> is an identifier, <code>haskell</code> and <code>numberLines</code> are
classes, and <code>startFrom</code> is an attribute with value <code>100</code>. Some
output formats can use this information to do syntax
highlighting. Currently, the only output formats that use this
information are HTML, LaTeX, Docx, Ms, and PowerPoint. If
highlighting is supported for your output format and language,
then the code block above will appear highlighted, with numbered
lines. (To see which languages are supported, type <code>pandoc --list-highlight-languages</code>.) Otherwise, the code block above
will appear as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;pre id=&quot;mycode&quot; class=&quot;haskell numberLines&quot; startFrom=&quot;100&quot;&gt;
  &lt;code&gt;
  ...
  &lt;/code&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>numberLines</code> (or <code>number-lines</code>) class will cause the lines
of the code block to be numbered, starting with <code>1</code> or the value
of the <code>startFrom</code> attribute.  The <code>lineAnchors</code> (or
<code>line-anchors</code>) class will cause the lines to be clickable
anchors in HTML output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A shortcut form can also be used for specifying the language of
the code block:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>```haskell
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is equivalent to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>``` {.haskell}
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This shortcut form may be combined with attributes:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>```haskell {.numberLines}
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Which is equivalent to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>``` {.haskell .numberLines}
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the <code>fenced_code_attributes</code> extension is disabled, but
input contains class attribute(s) for the code block, the first
class attribute will be printed after the opening fence as a bare
word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To prevent all highlighting, use the <code>--syntax-highlighting=none</code>
option. To set the highlighting style or method, use
<code>--syntax-highlighting</code>. For more information on highlighting, see
<a href="#syntax-highlighting">Syntax highlighting</a>, below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="line-blocks">Line blocks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-line_blocks">Extension: <code>line_blocks</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A line block is a sequence of lines beginning with a vertical bar (<code>|</code>)
followed by a space.  The division into lines will be preserved in
the output, as will any leading spaces; otherwise, the lines will
be formatted as Markdown.  This is useful for verse and addresses:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>| The limerick packs laughs anatomical
| In space that is quite economical.
|    But the good ones I&#039;ve seen
|    So seldom are clean
| And the clean ones so seldom are comical

| 200 Main St.
| Berkeley, CA 94718</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The lines can be hard-wrapped if needed, but the continuation
line must begin with a space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>| The Right Honorable Most Venerable and Righteous Samuel L.
  Constable, Jr.
| 200 Main St.
| Berkeley, CA 94718</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline formatting (such as emphasis) is allowed in the content
(though it can’t cross line boundaries). Block-level formatting
(such as block quotes or lists) is not recognized.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This syntax is borrowed from <a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/introduction.html">reStructuredText</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="bullet-lists">Bullet lists</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A bullet list is a list of bulleted list items.  A bulleted list
item begins with a bullet (<code>*</code>, <code>+</code>, or <code>-</code>).  Here is a simple
example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>* one
* two
* three</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This will produce a “compact” list. If you want a “loose” list, in which
each item is formatted as a paragraph, put spaces between the items:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>* one

* two

* three</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The bullets need not be flush with the left margin; they may be
indented one, two, or three spaces. The bullet must be followed
by whitespace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>List items look best if subsequent lines are flush with the first
line (after the bullet):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>* here is my first
  list item.
* and my second.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But Markdown also allows a “lazy” format:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>* here is my first
list item.
* and my second.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="block-content-in-list-items">Block content in list items</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A list item may contain multiple paragraphs and other block-level
content. However, subsequent paragraphs must be preceded by a blank line
and indented to line up with the first non-space content after
the list marker.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>  * First paragraph.

    Continued.

  * Second paragraph. With a code block, which must be indented
    eight spaces:

        { code }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Exception: if the list marker is followed by an indented code
block, which must begin 5 spaces after the list marker, then
subsequent paragraphs must begin two columns after the last
character of the list marker:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*     code

  continuation paragraph</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>List items may include other lists.  In this case the preceding blank
line is optional.  The nested list must be indented to line up with
the first non-space character after the list marker of the
containing list item.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>* fruits
  + apples
    - macintosh
    - red delicious
  + pears
  + peaches
* vegetables
  + broccoli
  + chard</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As noted above, Markdown allows you to write list items “lazily,” instead of
indenting continuation lines. However, if there are multiple paragraphs or
other blocks in a list item, the first line of each must be indented.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>+ A lazy, lazy, list
item.

+ Another one; this looks
bad but is legal.

    Second paragraph of second
list item.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="ordered-lists">Ordered lists</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ordered lists work just like bulleted lists, except that the items
begin with enumerators rather than bullets.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In original Markdown, enumerators are decimal numbers followed
by a period and a space.  The numbers themselves are ignored, so
there is no difference between this list:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>1.  one
2.  two
3.  three</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>and this one:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>5.  one
7.  two
1.  three</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-fancy_lists">Extension: <code>fancy_lists</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Unlike original Markdown, pandoc allows ordered list items to be marked
with uppercase and lowercase letters and roman numerals, in addition to
Arabic numerals. List markers may be enclosed in parentheses or followed by a
single right-parenthesis or period. They must be separated from the
text that follows by at least one space, and, if the list marker is a
capital letter with a period, by at least two spaces.<sup id="fnref-1"><a href="#fn-1" role="doc-noteref">1</a></sup></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>fancy_lists</code> extension also allows ‘<code>#</code>’ to be used as an
ordered list marker in place of a numeral:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>#. one
#. two</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note:  the ‘<code>#</code>’ ordered list marker doesn’t work with <code>commonmark</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-startnum">Extension: <code>startnum</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc also pays attention to the type of list marker used, and to the
starting number, and both of these are preserved where possible in the
output format. Thus, the following yields a list with numbers followed
by a single parenthesis, starting with 9, and a sublist with lowercase
roman numerals:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code> 9)  Ninth
10)  Tenth
11)  Eleventh
       i. subone
      ii. subtwo
     iii. subthree</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc will start a new list each time a different type of list
marker is used.  So, the following will create three lists:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>(2) Two
(5) Three
1.  Four
*   Five</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If default list markers are desired, use <code>#.</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>#.  one
#.  two
#.  three</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-task_lists">Extension: <code>task_lists</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc supports task lists, using the syntax of GitHub-Flavored Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>- [ ] an unchecked task list item
- [x] checked item</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="definition-lists">Definition lists</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-definition_lists">Extension: <code>definition_lists</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc supports definition lists, using the syntax of
<a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown Extra</a> with some extensions.<sup id="fnref-2"><a href="#fn-2" role="doc-noteref">2</a></sup></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Term 1

:   Definition 1

Term 2 with *inline markup*

:   Definition 2

        { some code, part of Definition 2 }

    Third paragraph of definition 2.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Each term must fit on one line, which may optionally be followed by
a blank line, and must be followed by one or more definitions.
A definition begins with a colon or tilde, which may be indented one
or two spaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A term may have multiple definitions, and each definition may
consist of one or more indented block elements (paragraph, code block,
list, etc.). The blocks in the definition shoud be indented to the column
of the first non-space content after the <code>:</code> or <code>~</code> marker, or
(if the <code>four_space_rule</code> extension is enabled) four spaces or
one tab stop. As with other Markdown lists, you can “lazily” omit
indentation in paragraph continuation lines:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Term 1

: Definition
with lazy continuation.

  Second paragraph of the definition.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you leave space before the definition (as in the example above),
the text of the definition will be treated as a paragraph.  In some
output formats, this will mean greater spacing between term/definition
pairs. For a more compact definition list, omit the space before the
definition:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Term 1
  ~ Definition 1

Term 2
  ~ Definition 2a
  ~ Definition 2b</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that space between items in a definition list is required.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="numbered-example-lists">Numbered example lists</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-example_lists">Extension: <code>example_lists</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The special list marker <code>@</code> can be used for sequentially numbered
examples. The first list item with a <code>@</code> marker will be numbered ‘1’,
the next ‘2’, and so on, throughout the document. The numbered examples
need not occur in a single list; each new list using <code>@</code> will take up
where the last stopped. So, for example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>(@)  My first example will be numbered (1).
(@)  My second example will be numbered (2).

Explanation of examples.

(@)  My third example will be numbered (3).</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Numbered examples can be labeled and referred to elsewhere in the
document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>(@good)  This is a good example.

As (@good) illustrates, ...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The label can be any string of alphanumeric characters, underscores,
or hyphens.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Continuation paragraphs in example lists must always
be indented four spaces, regardless of the length of the
list marker.  That is, example lists always behave as if the
<code>four_space_rule</code> extension is set.  This is because example
labels tend to be long, and indenting content to the
first non-space character after the label would be awkward.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can repeat an earlier numbered example by re-using its label:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>(@foo) Sample sentence.

Intervening text...

This theory can explain the case we saw earlier (repeated):

(@foo) Sample sentence.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This only works reliably, though, if the repeated item is in a list
by itself, because each numbered example list will be numbered
continuously from its starting number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="ending-a-list">Ending a list</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What if you want to put an indented code block after a list?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>-   item one
-   item two

    { my code block }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Trouble! Here pandoc (like other Markdown implementations) will treat
<code>{ my code block }</code> as the second paragraph of item two, and not as
a code block.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To “cut off” the list after item two, you can insert some non-indented
content, like an HTML comment, which won’t produce visible output in
any format:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>-   item one
-   item two

&lt;!-- end of list --&gt;

    { my code block }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use the same trick if you want two consecutive lists instead
of one big list:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>1.  one
2.  two
3.  three

&lt;!-- --&gt;

1.  uno
2.  dos
3.  tres</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="horizontal-rules">Horizontal rules</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A line containing a row of three or more <code>*</code>, <code>-</code>, or <code>_</code> characters
(optionally separated by spaces) produces a horizontal rule:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*  *  *  *

---------------</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We strongly recommend that horizontal rules be separated from
surrounding text by blank lines.  If a horizontal rule is not
followed by a blank line, pandoc may try to interpret the
lines that follow as a YAML metadata block or a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Four kinds of tables may be used. The first three kinds presuppose the use of
a fixed-width font, such as Courier. The fourth kind can be used with
proportionally spaced fonts, as it does not require lining up columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-table_captions">Extension: <code>table_captions</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A caption may optionally be provided with all 4 kinds of tables (as
illustrated in the examples below). A caption is a paragraph beginning
with the string <code>Table:</code> (or <code>table:</code> or just <code>:</code>), which will be stripped
off. It may appear either before or after the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-simple_tables">Extension: <code>simple_tables</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Simple tables look like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>  Right     Left     Center     Default
-------     ------ ----------   -------
     12     12        12            12
    123     123       123          123
      1     1          1             1

Table:  Demonstration of simple table syntax.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The header and table rows must each fit on one line.  Column
alignments are determined by the position of the header text relative
to the dashed line below it:<sup id="fnref-3"><a href="#fn-3" role="doc-noteref">3</a></sup></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If the dashed line is flush with the header text on the right side but extends beyond it on the left, the column is right-aligned.</li><li>If the dashed line is flush with the header text on the left side but extends beyond it on the right, the column is left-aligned.</li><li>If the dashed line extends beyond the header text on both sides, the column is centered.</li><li>If the dashed line is flush with the header text on both sides, the default alignment is used (in most cases, this will be left).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table must end with a blank line, or a line of dashes followed by
a blank line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The column header row may be omitted, provided a dashed line is used
to end the table. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>-------     ------ ----------   -------
     12     12        12             12
    123     123       123           123
      1     1          1              1
-------     ------ ----------   -------</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the header row is omitted, column alignments are determined on the basis
of the first line of the table body. So, in the tables above, the columns
would be right, left, center, and right aligned, respectively.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-multiline_tables">Extension: <code>multiline_tables</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Multiline tables allow header and table rows to span multiple lines
of text (but cells that span multiple columns or rows of the table are
not supported).  Here is an example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>-------------------------------------------------------------
 Centered   Default           Right Left
  Header    Aligned         Aligned Aligned
----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------
   First    row                12.0 Example of a row that
                                    spans multiple lines.

  Second    row                 5.0 Here&#039;s another one. Note
                                    the blank line between
                                    rows.
-------------------------------------------------------------

Table: Here&#039;s the caption. It, too, may span
multiple lines.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These work like simple tables, but with the following differences:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>They must begin with a row of dashes, before the header text (unless the header row is omitted).</li><li>They must end with a row of dashes, then a blank line.</li><li>The rows must be separated by blank lines.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In multiline tables, the table parser pays attention to the widths of
the columns, and the writers try to reproduce these relative widths in
the output. So, if you find that one of the columns is too narrow in the
output, try widening it in the Markdown source.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The header may be omitted in multiline tables as well as simple tables:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------
   First    row                12.0 Example of a row that
                                    spans multiple lines.

  Second    row                 5.0 Here&#039;s another one. Note
                                    the blank line between
                                    rows.
----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------

: Here&#039;s a multiline table without a header.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It is possible for a multiline table to have just one row, but the row
should be followed by a blank line (and then the row of dashes that ends
the table), or the table may be interpreted as a simple table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-grid_tables">Extension: <code>grid_tables</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Grid tables look like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>: Sample grid table.

+---------------+---------------+--------------------+
| Fruit         | Price         | Advantages         |
+===============+===============+====================+
| Bananas       | $1.34         | - built-in wrapper |
|               |               | - bright color     |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+
| Oranges       | $2.10         | - cures scurvy     |
|               |               | - tasty            |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The row of <code>=</code>s separates the header from the table body,
and can be omitted for a headerless table. The cells of grid
tables may contain arbitrary block elements (multiple
paragraphs, code blocks, lists, etc.).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cells can span multiple columns or rows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>+---------------------+----------+
| Property            | Earth    |
+=============+=======+==========+
|             | min   | -89.2 °C |
| Temperature +-------+----------+
| 1961-1990   | mean  | 14 °C    |
|             +-------+----------+
|             | max   | 56.7 °C  |
+-------------+-------+----------+</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A table header may contain more than one row:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>+---------------------+-----------------------+
| Location            | Temperature 1961-1990 |
|                     | in degree Celsius     |
|                     +-------+-------+-------+
|                     | min   | mean  | max   |
+=====================+=======+=======+=======+
| Antarctica          | -89.2 | N/A   | 19.8  |
+---------------------+-------+-------+-------+
| Earth               | -89.2 | 14    | 56.7  |
+---------------------+-------+-------+-------+</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alignments can be specified as with pipe tables, by putting
colons at the boundaries of the separator line after the
header:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>+---------------+---------------+--------------------+
| Right         | Left          | Centered           |
+==============:+:==============+:==================:+
| Bananas       | $1.34         | built-in wrapper   |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For headerless tables, the colons go on the top line instead:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>+--------------:+:--------------+:------------------:+
| Right         | Left          | Centered           |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A table foot can be defined by enclosing it with separator lines
that use <code>=</code> instead of <code>-</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code> +---------------+---------------+
 | Fruit         | Price         |
 +===============+===============+
 | Bananas       | $1.34         |
 +---------------+---------------+
 | Oranges       | $2.10         |
 +===============+===============+
 | Sum           | $3.44         |
 +===============+===============+</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The foot must always be placed at the very bottom of the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Grid tables can be created easily using Emacs’ table-mode
(<code>M-x table-insert</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-pipe_tables">Extension: <code>pipe_tables</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pipe tables look like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>| Right | Left | Default | Center |
|------:|:-----|---------|:------:|
|   12  |  12  |    12   |    12  |
|  123  |  123 |   123   |   123  |
|    1  |    1 |     1   |     1  |

  : Demonstration of pipe table syntax.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The syntax is identical to <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/#table">PHP Markdown Extra tables</a>.  The beginning and
ending pipe characters are optional, but pipes are required between all
columns.  The colons indicate column alignment as shown.  The header
cannot be omitted.  To simulate a headerless table, include a header
with blank cells.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Since the pipes indicate column boundaries, columns need not be vertically
aligned, as they are in the above example.  So, this is a perfectly
legal (though ugly) pipe table:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>fruit| price
-----|-----:
apple|2.05
pear|1.37
orange|3.09</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The cells of pipe tables cannot contain block elements like paragraphs
and lists, and cannot span multiple lines.  If any line of the
Markdown source is longer than the column width (see <code>--columns</code>),
then the table will take up the full text width and the cell
contents will wrap, with the relative cell widths determined by
the number of dashes in the line separating the table header
from the table body. (For example <code>---|-</code> would make the first column 3/4
and the second column 1/4 of the full text width.)
On the other hand, if no lines are wider than column width, then
cell contents will not be wrapped, and the cells will be sized
to their contents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note:  pandoc also recognizes pipe tables of the following
form, as can be produced by Emacs’ orgtbl-mode:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>| One | Two   |
|-----+-------|
| my  | table |
| is  | nice  |</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The difference is that <code>+</code> is used instead of <code>|</code>. Other orgtbl features
are not supported. In particular, to get non-default column alignment,
you’ll need to add colons as above.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-table_attributes">Extension: <code>table_attributes</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Attributes may be attached to tables by including them at the end
of the caption. (For the syntax, see
[<code>header_attributes</code>][Extension: <code>header_attributes</code>].)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>  : Here&#039;s the caption. {#ident .class key=&quot;value&quot;}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="metadata-blocks">Metadata blocks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-pandoc_title_block">Extension: <code>pandoc_title_block</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the file begins with a title block</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>% title
% author(s) (separated by semicolons)
% date</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>it will be parsed as bibliographic information, not regular text.  (It
will be used, for example, in the title of standalone LaTeX or HTML
output.)  The block may contain just a title, a date and an author,
or all three elements. If you want to include an author but no
title, or a title and a date but no author, you need a blank line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>%
% Author</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>% My title
%
% June 15, 2006</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The title may occupy multiple lines, but continuation lines must
begin with leading space, thus:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>% My title
  on multiple lines</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a document has multiple authors, the authors may be put on
separate lines with leading space, or separated by semicolons, or
both.  So, all of the following are equivalent:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>% Author One
  Author Two</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>% Author One; Author Two</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>% Author One;
  Author Two</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The date must fit on one line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All three metadata fields may contain standard inline formatting
(italics, links, footnotes, etc.).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Title blocks will always be parsed, but they will affect the output only
when the <code>--standalone</code> (<code>-s</code>) option is chosen. In HTML output, titles
will appear twice: once in the document head—this is the title that
will appear at the top of the window in a browser—and once at the
beginning of the document body. The title in the document head can have
an optional prefix attached (<code>--title-prefix</code> or <code>-T</code> option). The title
in the body appears as an H1 element with class “title”, so it can be
suppressed or reformatted with CSS. If a title prefix is specified with
<code>-T</code> and no title block appears in the document, the title prefix will
be used by itself as the HTML title.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The man page writer extracts a title, man page section number, and
other header and footer information from the title line. The title
is assumed to be the first word on the title line, which may optionally
end with a (single-digit) section number in parentheses. (There should
be no space between the title and the parentheses.)  Anything after
this is assumed to be additional footer and header text. A single pipe
character (<code>|</code>) should be used to separate the footer text from the header
text.  Thus,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>% PANDOC(1)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will yield a man page with the title <code>PANDOC</code> and section 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>% PANDOC(1) Pandoc User Manuals</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will also have “Pandoc User Manuals” in the footer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>% PANDOC(1) Pandoc User Manuals | Version 4.0</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will also have “Version 4.0” in the header.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-yaml_metadata_block">Extension: <code>yaml_metadata_block</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A <a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html" title="YAML v1.2 Spec">YAML</a> metadata block is a valid YAML object, delimited by a line of three
hyphens (<code>---</code>) at the top and a line of three hyphens (<code>---</code>) or three dots
(<code>...</code>) at the bottom.  The initial line <code>---</code> must not be followed by a blank
line. A YAML metadata block may occur anywhere in the document, but if
it is not at the beginning, it must be preceded by a blank line.
(Note that JSON may be used as well, because JSON is a subset of YAML.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that, because of the way pandoc concatenates input files
when several are provided, you may also keep the metadata in a
separate YAML file and pass it to pandoc as an argument, along
with your Markdown files:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc chap1.md chap2.md chap3.md metadata.yaml -s -o book.html</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Just be sure that the YAML file begins with <code>---</code> and ends with <code>---</code> or
<code>...</code>. Alternatively, you can use the <code>--metadata-file</code> option. Using
that approach however, you cannot reference content (like footnotes)
from the main Markdown input document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Metadata will be taken from the fields of the YAML object and added to any
existing document metadata.  Metadata can contain lists and objects (nested
arbitrarily), but all string scalars will be interpreted as Markdown.  Fields
with names ending in an underscore will be ignored by pandoc.  (They may be
given a role by external processors.)  Field names must not be
interpretable as YAML numbers or boolean values (so, for
example, <code>yes</code>, <code>True</code>, and <code>15</code> cannot be used as field names).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A document may contain multiple metadata blocks.  If two
metadata blocks attempt to set the same field, the value from
the second block will be taken.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Each metadata block is handled internally as an independent YAML document.
This means, for example, that any YAML anchors defined in a block cannot be
referenced in another block.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When pandoc is used with <code>-t markdown</code> to create a Markdown document,
a YAML metadata block will be produced only if the <code>-s/--standalone</code>
option is used.  All of the metadata will appear in a single block
at the beginning of the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that <a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html" title="YAML v1.2 Spec">YAML</a> escaping rules must be followed. Thus, for example,
if a title contains a colon, it must be quoted, and if it contains a
backslash escape, then it must be ensured that it is not treated as a
<a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2776092">YAML escape sequence</a>. The pipe character (<code>|</code>) can be used to begin
an indented block that will be interpreted literally, without need for
escaping. This form is necessary when the field contains blank lines
or block-level formatting:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
title:  &#039;This is the title: it contains a colon&#039;
author:
- Author One
- Author Two
keywords: [nothing, nothingness]
abstract: |
  This is the abstract.

  It consists of two paragraphs.
...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The literal block after the <code>|</code> must be indented relative to the
line containing the <code>|</code>.  If it is not, the YAML will be invalid
and pandoc will not interpret it as metadata.  For an overview
of the complex rules governing YAML, see the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML#Syntax">Wikipedia entry on
YAML syntax</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Template variables will be set automatically from the metadata.  Thus, for
example, in writing HTML, the variable <code>abstract</code> will be set to the HTML
equivalent of the Markdown in the <code>abstract</code> field:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;p&gt;This is the abstract.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It consists of two paragraphs.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Variables can contain arbitrary YAML structures, but the template must match
this structure.  The <code>author</code> variable in the default templates expects a
simple list or string, but can be changed to support more complicated
structures.  The following combination, for example, would add an affiliation
to the author if one is given:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
title: The document title
author:
- name: Author One
  affiliation: University of Somewhere
- name: Author Two
  affiliation: University of Nowhere
...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To use the structured authors in the example above, you would need a custom
template:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$for(author)$
$if(author.name)$
$author.name$$if(author.affiliation)$ ($author.affiliation$)$endif$
$else$
$author$
$endif$
$endfor$</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Raw content to include in the document’s header may be specified
using <code>header-includes</code>; however, it is important to mark up
this content as raw code for a particular output format, using
the <a href="#extension-raw_attribute"><code>raw_attribute</code> extension</a>, or it
will be interpreted as Markdown. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>header-includes:
- |
  ```{=latex}
  \let\oldsection\section
  \renewcommand{\section}[1]{\clearpage\oldsection{#1}}
  ```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note:  the <code>yaml_metadata_block</code> extension works not just with
<code>markdown</code> but with <code>commonmark</code> (and it is enabled by default in
<code>gfm</code> and <code>commonmark_x</code>). However, in <code>commonmark</code>, <code>gfm</code>,
and <code>commonmark_x</code>, the following restrictions apply:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>The YAML metadata block must occur at the beginning of the document (and there can be only one).  If multiple files are given as arguments to pandoc, only the first can be a YAML metadata block.</p></li><li><p>The leaf nodes of the YAML structure are parsed in isolation from each other and from the rest of the document.  So, for example,  you can’t use a reference link in these contexts if the link definition is somewhere else in the document.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="backslash-escapes">Backslash escapes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-all_symbols_escapable">Extension: <code>all_symbols_escapable</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Except inside a code block or inline code, any punctuation or space
character preceded by a backslash will be treated literally, even if it
would normally indicate formatting.  Thus, for example, if one writes</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*\*hello\**</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>one will get</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;em&gt;*hello*&lt;/em&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>instead of</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;strong&gt;hello&lt;/strong&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This rule is easier to remember than original Markdown’s rule,
which allows only the following characters to be backslash-escaped:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>\`*_{}[]()&gt;#+-.!</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(However, if the <code>markdown_strict</code> format is used, the original Markdown rule
will be used.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A backslash-escaped space is parsed as a nonbreaking space. In TeX output,
it will appear as <code>~</code>. In HTML and XML output, it will appear as a
literal unicode nonbreaking space character (note that it will thus
actually look “invisible” in the generated HTML source; you can still
use the <code>--ascii</code> command-line option to make it appear as an explicit
entity).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A backslash-escaped newline (i.e. a backslash occurring at the end of
a line) is parsed as a hard line break.  It will appear in TeX output as
<code>\\</code> and in HTML as <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code>.  This is a nice alternative to
Markdown’s “invisible” way of indicating hard line breaks using
two trailing spaces on a line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Backslash escapes do not work in verbatim contexts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="inline-formatting">Inline formatting</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="emphasis">Emphasis</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To <em>emphasize</em> some text, surround it with <code>*</code>s or <code>_</code>, like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This text is _emphasized with underscores_, and this
is *emphasized with asterisks*.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Double <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> produces <strong>strong emphasis</strong>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is **strong emphasis** and __with underscores__.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> character surrounded by spaces, or backslash-escaped,
will not trigger emphasis:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is * not emphasized *, and \*neither is this\*.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-intraword_underscores">Extension: <code>intraword_underscores</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because <code>_</code> is sometimes used inside words and identifiers,
pandoc does not interpret a <code>_</code> surrounded by alphanumeric
characters as an emphasis marker.  If you want to emphasize
just part of a word, use <code>*</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>feas*ible*, not feas*able*.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="strikeout">Strikeout</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-strikeout">Extension: <code>strikeout</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To strike out a section of text with a horizontal line, begin and end it
with <code>~~</code>. Thus, for example,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This ~~is deleted text.~~</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="superscripts-and-subscripts">Superscripts and subscripts</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-superscript-subscript">Extension: <code>superscript</code>, <code>subscript</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Superscripts may be written by surrounding the superscripted text by <code>^</code>
characters; subscripts may be written by surrounding the subscripted
text by <code>~</code> characters.  Thus, for example,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>H~2~O is a liquid.  2^10^ is 1024.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text between <code>^...^</code> or <code>~...~</code> may not contain spaces or
newlines.  If the superscripted or subscripted text contains
spaces, these spaces must be escaped with backslashes.  (This is
to prevent accidental superscripting and subscripting through
the ordinary use of <code>~</code> and <code>^</code>, and also bad interactions with
footnotes.) Thus, if you want the letter P with ‘a cat’ in
subscripts, use <code>P~a\ cat~</code>, not <code>P~a cat~</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="verbatim">Verbatim</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To make a short span of text verbatim, put it inside backticks:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>What is the difference between `&gt;&gt;=` and `&gt;&gt;`?</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the verbatim text includes a backtick, use double backticks:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Here is a literal backtick `` ` ``.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(The spaces after the opening backticks and before the closing
backticks will be ignored.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The general rule is that a verbatim span starts with a string
of consecutive backticks (optionally followed by a space)
and ends with a string of the same number of backticks (optionally
preceded by a space).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that backslash-escapes (and other Markdown constructs) do not
work in verbatim contexts:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is a backslash followed by an asterisk: `\*`.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-inline_code_attributes">Extension: <code>inline_code_attributes</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Attributes can be attached to verbatim text, just as with
<code class="haskell">&lt;$&gt;</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="underline">Underline</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To underline text, use the <code>underline</code> class:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Underline]{.underline}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Or, without the <code>bracketed_spans</code> extension (but with <code>native_spans</code>):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;span class=&quot;underline&quot;&gt;Underline&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This will work in all output formats that support underline.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="small-caps">Small caps</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To write small caps, use the <code>smallcaps</code> class:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Small caps]{.smallcaps}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Or, without the <code>bracketed_spans</code> extension:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;span class=&quot;smallcaps&quot;&gt;Small caps&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For compatibility with other Markdown flavors, CSS is also supported:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant:small-caps;&quot;&gt;Small caps&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This will work in all output formats that support small caps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="highlighting">Highlighting</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To highlight text, use the <code>mark</code> class:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Mark]{.mark}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Or, without the <code>bracketed_spans</code> extension (but with <code>native_spans</code>):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;span class=&quot;mark&quot;&gt;Mark&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This will work in all output formats that support highlighting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="math">Math</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_dollars">Extension: <code>tex_math_dollars</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Anything between two <code>$</code> characters will be treated as TeX math.  The
opening <code>$</code> must have a non-space character immediately to its right,
while the closing <code>$</code> must have a non-space character immediately to its
left, and must not be followed immediately by a digit.  Thus,
<code>$20,000 and $30,000</code> won’t parse as math.  If for some reason
you need to enclose text in literal <code>$</code> characters, backslash-escape
them and they won’t be treated as math delimiters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For display math, use <code>$$</code> delimiters.  (In this case, the delimiters
may be separated from the formula by whitespace.  However, there can be
no blank lines between the opening and closing <code>$$</code> delimiters.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>TeX math will be printed in all output formats. How it is rendered
depends on the output format:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>LaTeX</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will appear verbatim surrounded by <code>\(...\)</code> (for inlinemath) or <code>\[...\]</code> (for display math).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Markdown, Emacs Org mode, ConTeXt, ZimWiki</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will appear verbatim surrounded by <code>$...$</code> (for inlinemath) or <code>$$...$$</code> (for display math).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>XWiki</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will appear verbatim surrounded by <code>{{formula}}..{{/formula}}</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>reStructuredText</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will be rendered using an <a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/roles.html#math">interpreted text role <code>:math:</code></a>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>AsciiDoc</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>For AsciiDoc output math will appear verbatim surrounded by<code>latexmath:[...]</code>. For <code>asciidoc_legacy</code> the bracketed
material will also include inline or display math delimiters.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Texinfo</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will be rendered inside a <code>@math</code> command.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>roff man, Jira markup</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will be rendered verbatim without <code>$</code>‘s.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>MediaWiki, DokuWiki</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will be rendered inside <code>&lt;math&gt;</code> tags.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Textile</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will be rendered inside <code>&lt;span class=&quot;math&quot;&gt;</code> tags.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>RTF, OpenDocument</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will be rendered, if possible, using Unicode characters,and will otherwise appear verbatim.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>ODT</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will be rendered, if possible, using MathML.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>DocBook</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>If the <code>--mathml</code> flag is used, it will be rendered using MathMLin an <code>inlineequation</code> or <code>informalequation</code> tag.  Otherwise it
will be rendered, if possible, using Unicode characters.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Docx and PowerPoint</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>It will be rendered using OMML math markup.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>FictionBook2</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>If the <code>--webtex</code> option is used, formulas are rendered as imagesusing CodeCogs or other compatible web service, downloaded
and embedded in the e-book. Otherwise, they will appear verbatim.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>HTML, Slidy, DZSlides, S5, EPUB</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>The way math is rendered in HTML will depend on thecommand-line options selected. Therefore see [Math rendering in HTML]
above.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="raw-html">Raw HTML</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-raw_html">Extension: <code>raw_html</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown allows you to insert raw HTML (or DocBook) anywhere in a document
(except verbatim contexts, where <code>&lt;</code>, <code>&gt;</code>, and <code>&amp;</code> are interpreted
literally).  (Technically this is not an extension, since standard
Markdown allows it, but it has been made an extension so that it can
be disabled if desired.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The raw HTML is passed through unchanged in HTML, S5, Slidy, Slideous,
DZSlides, EPUB, Markdown, CommonMark, Emacs Org mode, and Textile
output, and suppressed in other formats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a more explicit way of including raw HTML in a Markdown
document, see the [<code>raw_attribute</code> extension][Extension: <code>raw_attribute</code>].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the CommonMark format, if <code>raw_html</code> is enabled, superscripts,
subscripts, strikeouts and small capitals will be represented as HTML.
Otherwise, plain-text fallbacks will be used. Note that even if
<code>raw_html</code> is disabled, tables will be rendered with HTML syntax if
they cannot use pipe syntax.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-markdown_in_html_blocks">Extension: <code>markdown_in_html_blocks</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Original Markdown allows you to include HTML “blocks”:  blocks
of HTML between balanced tags that are separated from the surrounding text
with blank lines, and start and end at the left margin.  Within
these blocks, everything is interpreted as HTML, not Markdown;
so (for example), <code>*</code> does not signify emphasis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc behaves this way when the <code>markdown_strict</code> format is used; but
by default, pandoc interprets material between HTML block tags as Markdown.
Thus, for example, pandoc will turn</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;*one*&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;[a link](https://google.com)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>into</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://google.com&quot;&gt;a link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>whereas <code>Markdown.pl</code> will preserve it as is.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There is one exception to this rule:  text between <code>&lt;script&gt;</code>,
<code>&lt;style&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;pre&gt;</code>, and <code>&lt;textarea&gt;</code> tags is not interpreted as Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This departure from original Markdown should make it easier to mix
Markdown with HTML block elements.  For example, one can surround
a block of Markdown text with <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> tags without preventing it
from being interpreted as Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-native_divs">Extension: <code>native_divs</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use native pandoc <code>Div</code> blocks for content inside <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> tags.
For the most part this should give the same output as
<code>markdown_in_html_blocks</code>, but it makes it easier to write pandoc
filters to manipulate groups of blocks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-native_spans">Extension: <code>native_spans</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use native pandoc <code>Span</code> blocks for content inside <code>&lt;span&gt;</code> tags.
For the most part this should give the same output as <code>raw_html</code>,
but it makes it easier to write pandoc filters to manipulate groups
of inlines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-raw_tex">Extension: <code>raw_tex</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to raw HTML, pandoc allows raw LaTeX, TeX, and ConTeXt to be
included in a document. Inline TeX commands will be preserved and passed
unchanged to the LaTeX and ConTeXt writers. Thus, for example, you can use
LaTeX to include BibTeX citations:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This result was proved in \cite{jones.1967}.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that in LaTeX environments, like</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline
Age &amp; Frequency \\ \hline
18--25  &amp; 15 \\
26--35  &amp; 33 \\
36--45  &amp; 22 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>the material between the begin and end tags will be interpreted as raw
LaTeX, not as Markdown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a more explicit and flexible way of including raw TeX in a
Markdown document, see the [<code>raw_attribute</code>
extension][Extension: <code>raw_attribute</code>].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline LaTeX is ignored in output formats other than Markdown, LaTeX,
Emacs Org mode, and ConTeXt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="generic-raw-attribute">Generic raw attribute</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-raw_attribute">Extension: <code>raw_attribute</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline spans and fenced code blocks with a special
kind of attribute will be parsed as raw content with the
designated format.  For example, the following produces a raw
roff <code>ms</code> block:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>```{=ms}
.MYMACRO
blah blah
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And the following produces a raw <code>html</code> inline element:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is `&lt;a&gt;html&lt;/a&gt;`{=html}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This can be useful to insert raw xml into <code>docx</code> documents, e.g.
a pagebreak:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>```{=openxml}
&lt;w:p&gt;
  &lt;w:r&gt;
    &lt;w:br w:type=&quot;page&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;/w:r&gt;
&lt;/w:p&gt;
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The format name should match the target format name (see
<code>-t/--to</code>, above, for a list, or use <code>pandoc --list-output-formats</code>). Use <code>openxml</code> for <code>docx</code> output,
<code>opendocument</code> for <code>odt</code> output, <code>html5</code> for <code>epub3</code> output,
<code>html4</code> for <code>epub2</code> output, and <code>latex</code>, <code>beamer</code>,
<code>ms</code>, or <code>html5</code> for <code>pdf</code> output (depending on what you
use for <code>--pdf-engine</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This extension presupposes that the relevant kind of
inline code or fenced code block is enabled.  Thus, for
example, to use a raw attribute with a backtick code block,
<code>backtick_code_blocks</code> must be enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The raw attribute cannot be combined with regular attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="latex-macros">LaTeX macros</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-latex_macros">Extension: <code>latex_macros</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When this extension is enabled, pandoc will parse LaTeX
macro definitions and apply the resulting macros to all LaTeX
math and raw LaTeX.  So, for example, the following will work in
all output formats, not just LaTeX:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-tex">\newcommand{\tuple}[1]{\langle #1 \rangle}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$\tuple{a, b, c}$</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that LaTeX macros will not be applied if they occur
inside a raw span or block marked with the
<a href="#extension-raw_attribute"><code>raw_attribute</code> extension</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When <code>latex_macros</code> is disabled, the raw LaTeX and math will
not have macros applied. This is usually a better approach when
you are targeting LaTeX or PDF.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Macro definitions in LaTeX will be passed through as raw LaTeX
only if <code>latex_macros</code> is not enabled.  Macro definitions in
Markdown source (or other formats allowing <code>raw_tex</code>) will
be passed through regardless of whether <code>latex_macros</code> is
enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="links-1">Links</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown allows links to be specified in several ways.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="automatic-links">Automatic links</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you enclose a URL or email address in pointy brackets, it
will become a link:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;https://google.com&gt;
&lt;sam@green.eggs.ham&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="inline-links">Inline links</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An inline link consists of the link text in square brackets,
followed by the URL in parentheses. (Optionally, the URL can
be followed by a link title, in quotes.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is an [inline link](/url), and here&#039;s [one with
a title](https://fsf.org &quot;click here for a good time!&quot;).</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There can be no space between the bracketed part and the parenthesized part.
The link text can contain formatting (such as emphasis), but the title cannot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Email addresses in inline links are not autodetected, so they have to be
prefixed with <code>mailto</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Write me!](mailto:sam@green.eggs.ham)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="reference-links">Reference links</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An <em>explicit</em> reference link has two parts, the link itself and the link
definition, which may occur elsewhere in the document (either
before or after the link).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The link consists of link text in square brackets, followed by a label in
square brackets. (There cannot be space between the two unless the
<code>spaced_reference_links</code> extension is enabled.) If the label is empty
(<code>[]</code>), then it will be implicitly be taken to be the same as the link text;
thus <code>[foo][]</code> is equivalent to <code>[foo][foo]</code>. (If the
<code>shortcut_reference_links</code> extension is enabled, the empty <code>[]</code>
may be omitted.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The link definition consists of the bracketed label, followed by
a colon and a space, followed by the URL, and optionally (after a
space) a link title either in quotes or in parentheses. The label
must not be parseable as a citation (assuming the <code>citations</code>
extension is enabled): citations take precedence over link
labels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here are some examples of reference links and link definitions;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>See [the website *I* built][my website].

See [my website][] and [the bar page][1] and
the [home page of the FSF][fsf].

[my website]: http://foo.bar.baz
[1]: /foo/bar.html  &quot;My title, optional&quot;
[fsf]: https://fsf.org (The Free Software Foundation)
[special page]: /bar#special  &#039;A title in single quotes&#039;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The URL in a link definition may optionally be surrounded by
angle brackets:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[my label 5]: &lt;http://foo.bar.baz&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The title may go on the next line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[my label 3]: https://fsf.org
  &quot;The Free Software Foundation&quot;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that link labels are not case sensitive.  So, this will work:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Here is [my link][FOO]

[Foo]: /bar/baz</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The link definition may come either before or after a
reference link that uses the label.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: In some Markdown implementations, reference link
definitions cannot occur in nested constructions such as list
items or block quotes. Pandoc lifts this arbitrary-seeming
restriction. So the following is fine in pandoc, though not in
all implementations:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; My block [quote].
&gt;
&gt; [quote]: /foo</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-shortcut_reference_links">Extension: <code>shortcut_reference_links</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In a <em>shortcut</em> reference link, the second pair of brackets may
be omitted entirely:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>See [my website].

[my website]: http://foo.bar.baz</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="internal-links">Internal links</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To link to another section of the same document, use the automatically
generated identifier (see <a href="#heading-identifiers">Heading identifiers</a>). For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>See the [Introduction](#introduction).</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>or</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>See the [Introduction].

[Introduction]: #introduction</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Internal links are currently supported for HTML formats (including
HTML slide shows and EPUB), LaTeX, and ConTeXt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="images">Images</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A link immediately preceded by a <code>!</code> will be treated as an image.
The link text will be used as the image’s alt text:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>![la lune](lalune.jpg &quot;Voyage to the moon&quot;)

![movie reel]

[movie reel]: movie.gif</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-implicit_figures">Extension: <code>implicit_figures</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An image with nonempty alt text, occurring by itself in a
paragraph, will be rendered as a figure with a caption.  The
image’s description will be used as the caption.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>![This is the caption.](image.png)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How this is rendered depends on the output format. Some output
formats (e.g. RTF) do not yet support figures. In those
formats, you’ll just get an image in a paragraph by itself, with
no caption.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you just want a regular inline image, just make sure it is not
the only thing in the paragraph. One way to do this is to insert a
nonbreaking space after the image:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>![This image won&#039;t be a figure](image.png)\</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that in reveal.js slide shows, an image in a paragraph
by itself that has the <code>r-stretch</code> class will fill the screen,
and the caption and figure tags will be omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To specify an alt text for the image that is different
from the caption, you can use an explicit attribute (assuming the
<code>link_attributes</code> extension is set):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>![The caption.](image.png){alt=&quot;description of image&quot;}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For LaTeX output, you can specify a <a href="https://www.overleaf.com/learn/latex/Positioning_images_and_tables#The_figure_environment">figure’s
positioning</a>
by adding the <code>latex-placement</code> attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>![The caption.](image.png){latex-placement=&quot;ht&quot;}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-link_attributes">Extension: <code>link_attributes</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Attributes can be set on links and images:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>An inline ![image](foo.jpg){#id .class width=30 height=20px}
and a reference ![image][ref] with attributes.

[ref]: foo.jpg &quot;optional title&quot; {#id .class key=val key2=&quot;val 2&quot;}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(This syntax is compatible with <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown Extra</a> when only <code>#id</code>
and <code>.class</code> are used.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For HTML and EPUB, all known HTML5 attributes except <code>width</code> and
<code>height</code> (but including <code>srcset</code> and <code>sizes</code>) are passed through
as is. Unknown attributes are passed through as custom
attributes, with <code>data-</code> prepended. The other writers ignore
attributes that are not specifically supported by their output format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>width</code> and <code>height</code> attributes on images are treated specially. When
used without a unit, the unit is assumed to be pixels. However, any of
the following unit identifiers can be used: <code>px</code>, <code>cm</code>, <code>mm</code>, <code>in</code>, <code>inch</code>
and <code>%</code>. There must not be any spaces between the number and the unit.
For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>![](file.jpg){ width=50% }</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Dimensions may be converted to a form that is compatible with the output format (for example, dimensions given in pixels will be converted to inches when converting HTML to LaTeX). Conversion between pixels and physical measurements is affected by the <code>--dpi</code> option (by default, 96 dpi is assumed, unless the image itself contains dpi information).</li><li>The <code>%</code> unit is generally relative to some available space. For example the above example will render to the following.<ul><li>HTML: <code>&lt;img href=&quot;file.jpg&quot; style=&quot;width: 50%;&quot; /&gt;</code></li><li>LaTeX: <code>\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth,height=\textheight]{file.jpg}</code> (If you’re using a custom template, you need to configure <code>graphicx</code> as in the default template.)</li><li>ConTeXt: <code>\externalfigure[file.jpg][width=0.5\textwidth]</code></li></ul></li><li>Some output formats have a notion of a class (<a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Using_Graphics#Multiple_Image_Settings">ConTeXt</a>) or a unique identifier (LaTeX <code>\caption</code>), or both (HTML).</li><li>When no <code>width</code> or <code>height</code> attributes are specified, the fallback is to look at the image resolution and the dpi metadata embedded in the image file.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="divs-and-spans">Divs and Spans</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Using the <code>native_divs</code> and <code>native_spans</code> extensions
(see [above][Extension: <code>native_divs</code>]), HTML syntax can
be used as part of Markdown to create native <code>Div</code> and <code>Span</code>
elements in the pandoc AST (as opposed to raw HTML).
However, there is also nicer syntax available:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-fenced_divs">Extension: <code>fenced_divs</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Allow special fenced syntax for native <code>Div</code> blocks.  A Div
starts with a fence containing at least three consecutive
colons plus some attributes. The attributes may optionally
be followed by another string of consecutive colons.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note:  the <code>commonmark</code> parser doesn’t permit colons after
the attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute syntax is exactly as in fenced code blocks (see
[Extension: <code>fenced_code_attributes</code>]).  As with fenced
code blocks, one can use either attributes in curly braces
or a single unbraced word, which will be treated as a class
name.  The Div ends with another line containing a string of at
least three consecutive colons.  The fenced Div should be
separated by blank lines from preceding and following blocks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>::::: {#special .sidebar}
Here is a paragraph.

And another.
:::::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fenced divs can be nested.  Opening fences are distinguished
because they <em>must</em> have attributes:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>::: Warning ::::::
This is a warning.

::: Danger
This is a warning within a warning.
:::
::::::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fences without attributes are always closing fences.  Unlike
with fenced code blocks, the number of colons in the closing
fence need not match the number in the opening fence.  However,
it can be helpful for visual clarity to use fences of different
lengths to distinguish nested divs from their parents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-bracketed_spans">Extension: <code>bracketed_spans</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A bracketed sequence of inlines, as one would use to begin
a link, will be treated as a <code>Span</code> with attributes if it is
followed immediately by attributes:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[This is *some text*]{.class key=&quot;val&quot;}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-footnotes">Extension: <code>footnotes</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc’s Markdown allows footnotes, using the following syntax:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Here is a footnote reference,[^1] and another.[^longnote]

[^1]: Here is the footnote.

[^longnote]: Here&#039;s one with multiple blocks.

    Subsequent paragraphs are indented to show that they
belong to the previous footnote.

        { some.code }

    The whole paragraph can be indented, or just the first
    line.  In this way, multi-paragraph footnotes work like
    multi-paragraph list items.

This paragraph won&#039;t be part of the note, because it
isn&#039;t indented.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The identifiers in footnote references may not contain spaces, tabs,
newlines, or the characters <code>^</code>, <code>[</code>, or <code>]</code>. These identifiers
are used only to correlate the footnote reference with the note
itself; in the output, footnotes will be numbered sequentially.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The footnotes themselves need not be placed at the end of the
document.  They may appear anywhere except inside other block elements
(lists, block quotes, tables, etc.).  Each footnote should be
separated from surrounding content (including other footnotes)
by blank lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-inline_notes">Extension: <code>inline_notes</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline footnotes are also allowed (though, unlike regular notes,
they cannot contain multiple paragraphs).  The syntax is as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Here is an inline note.^[Inline notes are easier to write, since
you don&#039;t have to pick an identifier and move down to type the
note.]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline and regular footnotes may be mixed freely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="citation-syntax">Citation syntax</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To cite a bibliographic item with an identifier foo, use the
syntax <code>@foo</code>.  Normal citations should be included in square
brackets, with semicolons separating distinct items:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Blah blah [@doe99; @smith2000; @smith2004].</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How this is rendered depends on the citation style.  In an
author-date style, it might render as</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Blah blah (Doe 1999, Smith 2000, 2004).</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In a footnote style, it might render as</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Blah blah.[^1]

[^1]:  John Doe, &quot;Frogs,&quot; *Journal of Amphibians* 44 (1999);
Susan Smith, &quot;Flies,&quot; *Journal of Insects* (2000);
Susan Smith, &quot;Bees,&quot; *Journal of Insects* (2004).</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See the <a href="https://citationstyles.org/authors/">CSL user documentation</a> for more information about CSL
styles and how they affect rendering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Unless a citation key starts with a letter, digit, or <code>_</code>,
and contains only alphanumerics and single internal punctuation
characters (<code>:.#$%&amp;-+?&lt;&gt;~/</code>), it must be surrounded
by curly braces, which are not considered part of the key.
In <code>@Foo_bar.baz.</code>, the key is <code>Foo_bar.baz</code> because the final
period is not <em>internal</em> punctuation, so it is not included in
the key.  In <code>@{Foo_bar.baz.}</code>, the key is <code>Foo_bar.baz.</code>, including
the final period.
In <code>@Foo_bar--baz</code>, the key is <code>Foo_bar</code> because the repeated internal
punctuation characters terminate the key.
The curly braces are recommended if you use URLs as
keys: <code>[@{https://example.com/bib?name=foobar&amp;date=2000}, p.  33]</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Citation items may optionally include a prefix, a locator, and
a suffix.  In</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Blah blah [see @doe99, pp. 33-35 and *passim*; @smith04, chap. 1].</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>the first item (<code>doe99</code>) has prefix <code>see </code>, locator <code>pp.  33-35</code>,
and suffix <code>and *passim*</code>.  The second item (<code>smith04</code>) has
locator <code>chap. 1</code> and no prefix or suffix.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc uses some heuristics to separate the locator from the
rest of the subject.  It is sensitive to the locator terms
defined in the <a href="https://github.com/citation-style-language/locales">CSL locale files</a>.  Either abbreviated or
unabbreviated forms are accepted. In the <code>en-US</code> locale, locator
terms can be written in either singular or plural forms, as
<code>book</code>, <code>bk.</code>/<code>bks.</code>; <code>chapter</code>, <code>chap.</code>/<code>chaps.</code>; <code>column</code>,
<code>col.</code>/<code>cols.</code>; <code>figure</code>, <code>fig.</code>/<code>figs.</code>; <code>folio</code>,
<code>fol.</code>/<code>fols.</code>; <code>number</code>, <code>no.</code>/<code>nos.</code>; <code>line</code>, <code>l.</code>/<code>ll.</code>;
<code>note</code>, <code>n.</code>/<code>nn.</code>; <code>opus</code>, <code>op.</code>/<code>opp.</code>; <code>page</code>, <code>p.</code>/<code>pp.</code>;
<code>paragraph</code>, <code>para.</code>/<code>paras.</code>; <code>part</code>, <code>pt.</code>/<code>pts.</code>; <code>section</code>,
<code>sec.</code>/<code>secs.</code>; <code>sub verbo</code>, <code>s.v.</code>/<code>s.vv.</code>; <code>verse</code>,
<code>v.</code>/<code>vv.</code>; <code>volume</code>, <code>vol.</code>/<code>vols.</code>; <code>¶</code>/<code>¶¶</code>; <code>§</code>/<code>§§</code>. If no
locator term is used, “page” is assumed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In complex cases, you can force something to be treated as
a locator by enclosing it in curly braces or prevent parsing
the suffix as locator by prepending curly braces:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[@smith{ii, A, D-Z}, with a suffix]
[@smith, {pp. iv, vi-xi, (xv)-(xvii)} with suffix here]
[@smith{}, 99 years later]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A minus sign (<code>-</code>) before the <code>@</code> will suppress mention of
the author in the citation.  This can be useful when the
author is already mentioned in the text:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Smith says blah [-@smith04].</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can also write an author-in-text citation, by omitting the
square brackets:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>@smith04 says blah.

@smith04 [p. 33] says blah.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This will cause the author’s name to be rendered, followed by
the bibliographical details.  Use this form when you want to
make the citation the subject of a sentence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When you are using a note style, it is usually better to let
citeproc create the footnotes from citations rather than writing
an explicit note.  If you do write an explicit note that
contains a citation, note that normal citations will be put in
parentheses, while author-in-text citations will not.  For
this reason, it is sometimes preferable to use the
author-in-text style inside notes when using a note style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Many CSL styles will format citations differently when the
same source has been cited earlier.  In documents with chapters,
it is usually desirable to reset this position information
at the beginning of every chapter. To do this, add the class
<code>reset-citation-positions</code> to the heading for each chapter:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># The Beginning {.reset-citation-positions}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that this class only has an effect when placed on
top-level headings; it is ignored in nested blocks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="non-default-extensions">Non-default extensions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following Markdown syntax extensions are not enabled by default
in pandoc, but may be enabled by adding <code>+EXTENSION</code> to the format
name, where <code>EXTENSION</code> is the name of the extension.  Thus, for
example, <code>markdown+hard_line_breaks</code> is Markdown with hard line breaks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-rebase_relative_paths">Extension: <code>rebase_relative_paths</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rewrite relative paths for Markdown links and images, depending
on the path of the file containing the link or image link.  For
each link or image, pandoc will compute the directory of the
containing file, relative to the working directory, and prepend
the resulting path to the link or image path.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The use of this extension is best understood by example.
Suppose you have a subdirectory for each chapter of a book,
<code>chap1</code>, <code>chap2</code>, <code>chap3</code>. Each contains a file <code>text.md</code> and a
number of images used in the chapter.  You would like to have
<code>![image](spider.jpg)</code> in <code>chap1/text.md</code> refer to
<code>chap1/spider.jpg</code> and <code>![image](spider.jpg)</code> in <code>chap2/text.md</code>
refer to <code>chap2/spider.jpg</code>.  To do this, use</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc chap*/*.md -f markdown+rebase_relative_paths</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Without this extension, you would have to use
<code>![image](chap1/spider.jpg)</code> in <code>chap1/text.md</code> and
<code>![image](chap2/spider.jpg)</code> in <code>chap2/text.md</code>.  Links with
relative paths will be rewritten in the same way as images.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Absolute paths and URLs are not changed.  Neither are empty
paths or paths consisting entirely of a fragment, e.g., <code>#foo</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that relative paths in reference links and images will
be rewritten relative to the file containing the link
reference definition, not the file containing the reference link
or image itself, if these differ.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-mark">Extension: <code>mark</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To highlight out a section of text, begin and end it with
with <code>==</code>. Thus, for example,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This ==is deleted text.==</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-attributes">Extension: <code>attributes</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Allows attributes to be attached to any inline or block-level
element when parsing <code>commonmark</code>.
The syntax for the attributes is the same as that
used in [<code>header_attributes</code>][Extension: <code>header_attributes</code>].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Attributes that occur immediately after an inline element affect that element.  If they follow a space, then they belong to the space.  (Hence, this option subsumes <code>inline_code_attributes</code> and <code>link_attributes</code>.)</li><li>Attributes that occur immediately before a block element, on a line by themselves, affect that element.</li><li>Consecutive attribute specifiers may be used, either for blocks or for inlines.  Their attributes will be combined.</li><li>Attributes that occur at the end of the text of a Setext or ATX heading (separated by whitespace from the text) affect the heading element. (Hence, this option subsumes <code>header_attributes</code>.)</li><li>Attributes that occur after the opening fence in a fenced code block affect the code block element. (Hence, this option subsumes <code>fenced_code_attributes</code>.)</li><li>Attributes that occur at the end of a reference link definition affect links that refer to that definition.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that pandoc’s AST does not currently allow attributes
to be attached to arbitrary elements.  Hence a Span or Div
container will be added if needed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-old_dashes">Extension: <code>old_dashes</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Selects the pandoc &lt;= 1.8.2.1 behavior for parsing smart dashes:
<code>-</code> before a numeral is an en-dash, and <code>--</code> is an em-dash.
This option only has an effect if <code>smart</code> is enabled. It is
selected automatically for <code>textile</code> input.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-angle_brackets_escapable">Extension: <code>angle_brackets_escapable</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Allow <code>&lt;</code> and <code>&gt;</code> to be backslash-escaped, as they can be in
GitHub flavored Markdown but not original Markdown.  This is
implied by pandoc’s default <code>all_symbols_escapable</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-lists_without_preceding_blankline">Extension: <code>lists_without_preceding_blankline</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Allow a list to occur right after a paragraph, with no intervening
blank space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-four_space_rule">Extension: <code>four_space_rule</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Selects the pandoc &lt;= 2.0 behavior for parsing lists, so that
four spaces indent are needed for list item continuation
paragraphs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-spaced_reference_links">Extension: <code>spaced_reference_links</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Allow whitespace between the two components of a reference link,
for example,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[foo] [bar].</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-hard_line_breaks">Extension: <code>hard_line_breaks</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Causes all newlines within a paragraph to be interpreted as hard line
breaks instead of spaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-ignore_line_breaks">Extension: <code>ignore_line_breaks</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Causes newlines within a paragraph to be ignored, rather than being
treated as spaces or as hard line breaks.  This option is intended for
use with East Asian languages where spaces are not used between words,
but text is divided into lines for readability.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-east_asian_line_breaks">Extension: <code>east_asian_line_breaks</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Causes newlines within a paragraph to be ignored, rather than
being treated as spaces or as hard line breaks, when they occur
between two East Asian wide characters.  This is a better choice
than <code>ignore_line_breaks</code> for texts that include a mix of East
Asian wide characters and other characters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-emoji">Extension: <code>emoji</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parses textual emojis like <code>:smile:</code> as Unicode emoticons.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_gfm">Extension: <code>tex_math_gfm</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Supports two GitHub-specific formats for math.
Inline math: <code>$`e=mc^2`$</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Display math:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>``` math
e=mc^2
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_single_backslash">Extension: <code>tex_math_single_backslash</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Causes anything between <code>\(</code> and <code>\)</code> to be interpreted as inline
TeX math, and anything between <code>\[</code> and <code>\]</code> to be interpreted
as display TeX math.  Note: a drawback of this extension is that
it precludes escaping <code>(</code> and <code>[</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_double_backslash">Extension: <code>tex_math_double_backslash</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Causes anything between <code>\\(</code> and <code>\\)</code> to be interpreted as inline
TeX math, and anything between <code>\\[</code> and <code>\\]</code> to be interpreted
as display TeX math.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-markdown_attribute">Extension: <code>markdown_attribute</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, pandoc interprets material inside block-level tags as Markdown.
This extension changes the behavior so that Markdown is only parsed
inside block-level tags if the tags have the attribute <code>markdown=1</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-mmd_title_block">Extension: <code>mmd_title_block</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Enables a <a href="https://fletcherpenney.net/multimarkdown/">MultiMarkdown</a> style title block at the top of
the document, for example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Title:   My title
Author:  John Doe
Date:    September 1, 2008
Comment: This is a sample mmd title block, with
         a field spanning multiple lines.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See the MultiMarkdown documentation for details.  If <code>pandoc_title_block</code> or
<code>yaml_metadata_block</code> is enabled, it will take precedence over
<code>mmd_title_block</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-abbreviations">Extension: <code>abbreviations</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parses PHP Markdown Extra abbreviation keys, like</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*[HTML]: Hypertext Markup Language</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that the pandoc document model does not support
abbreviations, so if this extension is enabled, abbreviation keys are
simply skipped (as opposed to being parsed as paragraphs).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-alerts">Extension: <code>alerts</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Supports <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax#alerts">GitHub-style Markdown alerts</a>, like</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; [!TIP]
&gt; Helpful advice for doing things better or more easily.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-autolink_bare_uris">Extension: <code>autolink_bare_uris</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Makes all absolute URIs into links, even when not surrounded by
pointy braces <code>&lt;...&gt;</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-mmd_link_attributes">Extension: <code>mmd_link_attributes</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parses MultiMarkdown-style key-value attributes on link
and image references. This extension should not be confused with the
<a href="#extension-link_attributes"><code>link_attributes</code></a> extension.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is a reference ![image][ref] with MultiMarkdown attributes.

[ref]: https://path.to/image &quot;Image title&quot; width=20px height=30px
       id=myId class=&quot;myClass1 myClass2&quot;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-mmd_header_identifiers">Extension: <code>mmd_header_identifiers</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parses MultiMarkdown-style heading identifiers (in square brackets,
after the heading but before any trailing <code>#</code>s in an ATX heading).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-gutenberg">Extension: <code>gutenberg</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">Project Gutenberg</a> conventions for <code>plain</code> output:
all-caps for strong emphasis, surround by underscores
for regular emphasis, add extra blank space around headings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-sourcepos">Extension: <code>sourcepos</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Include source position attributes when parsing <code>commonmark</code>.
For elements that accept attributes, a <code>data-pos</code> attribute
is added; other elements are placed in a surrounding
Div or Span element with a <code>data-pos</code> attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-short_subsuperscripts">Extension: <code>short_subsuperscripts</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parse MultiMarkdown-style subscripts and superscripts, which start with
a ‘~’ or ‘^’ character, respectively, and include the alphanumeric sequence
that follows. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>x^2 = 4</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>or</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Oxygen is O~2.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="extension-wikilinks_title_after_pipe">Extension: <code>wikilinks_title_after_pipe</code></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc supports multiple Markdown wikilink syntaxes, regardless of
whether the title is before or after the pipe.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Using <code>--from=markdown+wikilinks_title_after_pipe</code> results in</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"Wiki"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-Wiki">[[URL|title]]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>while using <code>--from=markdown+wikilinks_title_before_pipe</code> results
in</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"Wiki"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-Wiki">[[title|URL]]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="markdown-variants">Markdown variants</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to pandoc’s extended Markdown, the following Markdown
variants are supported:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>markdown_phpextra</code> (PHP Markdown Extra)</li><li><code>markdown_github</code> (deprecated GitHub-Flavored Markdown)</li><li><code>markdown_mmd</code> (MultiMarkdown)</li><li><code>markdown_strict</code> (Markdown.pl)</li><li><code>commonmark</code> (CommonMark)</li><li><code>gfm</code> (Github-Flavored Markdown)</li><li><code>commonmark_x</code> (CommonMark with many pandoc extensions)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To see which extensions are supported for a given format,
and which are enabled by default, you can use the command</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc --list-extensions=FORMAT</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>where <code>FORMAT</code> is replaced with the name of the format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that the list of extensions for <code>commonmark</code>,
<code>gfm</code>, and <code>commonmark_x</code> are defined relative to default
commonmark.  So, for example, <code>backtick_code_blocks</code>
does not appear as an extension, since it is enabled by
default and cannot be disabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="citations">Citations</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the <code>--citeproc</code> option is used, pandoc can automatically generate
citations and a bibliography in a number of styles.  Basic usage is</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc --citeproc myinput.txt</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To use this feature, you will need to have</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>a document containing citations (see <a href="#citation-syntax">Citation syntax</a>);</li><li>a source of bibliographic data: either an external bibliography file or a list of <code>references</code> in the document’s YAML metadata;</li><li>optionally, a <a href="https://docs.citationstyles.org/en/stable/specification.html">CSL</a> citation style.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="specifying-bibliographic-data">Specifying bibliographic data</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can specify an external bibliography using the
<code>bibliography</code> metadata field in a YAML metadata section or the
<code>--bibliography</code> command line argument. If you want to use
multiple bibliography files, you can supply multiple
<code>--bibliography</code> arguments or set <code>bibliography</code> metadata field
to YAML array.  A bibliography may have any of these formats:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">Format</th><th>File extension</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left">BibLaTeX</td><td>.bib</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">BibTeX</td><td>.bibtex</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">CSL JSON</td><td>.json</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">CSL YAML</td><td>.yaml</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">RIS</td><td>.ris</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that <code>.bib</code> can be used with both BibTeX and BibLaTeX files;
use the extension <code>.bibtex</code> to force interpretation as BibTeX.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In BibTeX and BibLaTeX databases, pandoc parses LaTeX markup
inside fields such as <code>title</code>; in CSL YAML databases, pandoc
Markdown; and in CSL JSON databases, an <a href="https://citeproc-js.readthedocs.io/en/latest/csl-json/markup.html#html-like-formatting-tags">HTML-like markup</a>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>&lt;i&gt;...&lt;/i&gt;</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>italics</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>&lt;b&gt;...&lt;/b&gt;</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>bold</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant:small-caps;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;sc&gt;...&lt;/sc&gt;</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>small capitals</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>&lt;sub&gt;...&lt;/sub&gt;</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>subscript</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>&lt;sup&gt;...&lt;/sup&gt;</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>superscript</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>&lt;span class=&quot;nocase&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>prevent a phrase from being capitalized as title case</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As an alternative to specifying a bibliography file using
<code>--bibliography</code> or the YAML metadata field <code>bibliography</code>, you
can include the citation data directly in the <code>references</code> field
of the document’s YAML metadata. The field should contain an
array of YAML-encoded references, for example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
references:
- type: article-journal
  id: WatsonCrick1953
  author:
  - family: Watson
    given: J. D.
  - family: Crick
    given: F. H. C.
  issued:
    date-parts:
    - - 1953
      - 4
      - 25
  title: &#039;Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for
    deoxyribose nucleic acid&#039;
  title-short: Molecular structure of nucleic acids
  container-title: Nature
  volume: 171
  issue: 4356
  page: 737-738
  DOI: 10.1038/171737a0
  URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/171737a0
  language: en-GB
...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If both an external bibliography and inline (YAML metadata)
references are provided, both will be used. In case of
conflicting <code>id</code>s, the inline references will take precedence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that pandoc can be used to produce such a YAML metadata
section from a BibTeX, BibLaTeX, or CSL JSON bibliography:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc chem.bib -s -f biblatex -t markdown
pandoc chem.json -s -f csljson -t markdown</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Indeed, pandoc can convert between any of these
citation formats:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc chem.bib -s -f biblatex -t csljson
pandoc chem.yaml -s -f markdown -t biblatex</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Running pandoc on a bibliography file with the <code>--citeproc</code>
option will create a formatted bibliography in the format
of your choice:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc chem.bib -s --citeproc -o chem.html
pandoc chem.bib -s --citeproc -o chem.pdf</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="capitalization-in-titles">Capitalization in titles</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you are using a bibtex or biblatex bibliography, then observe
the following rules:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>English titles should be in title case.  Non-English titles should be in sentence case, and the <code>langid</code> field in biblatex should be set to the relevant language.  (The following values are treated as English:  <code>american</code>, <code>british</code>, <code>canadian</code>, <code>english</code>, <code>australian</code>, <code>newzealand</code>, <code>USenglish</code>, or <code>UKenglish</code>.)</p></li><li><p>As is standard with bibtex/biblatex, proper names should be protected with curly braces so that they won’t be lowercased in styles that call for sentence case.  For example:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>title = {My Dinner with {Andre}}</code></pre></li><li><p>In addition, words that should remain lowercase (or camelCase) should be protected:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>title = {Spin Wave Dispersion on the {nm} Scale}</code></pre><p>Though this is not necessary in bibtex/biblatex, it is necessary with citeproc, which stores titles internally in sentence case, and converts to title case in styles that require it.  Here we protect “nm” so that it doesn’t get converted to “Nm” at this stage.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you are using a CSL bibliography (either JSON or YAML), then observe
the following rules:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>All titles should be in sentence case.</p></li><li><p>Use the <code>language</code> field for non-English titles to prevent their conversion to title case in styles that call for this. (Conversion happens only if <code>language</code> begins with <code>en</code> or is left empty.)</p></li><li><p>Protect words that should not be converted to title case using this syntax:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Spin wave dispersion on the &lt;span class=&quot;nocase&quot;&gt;nm&lt;/span&gt; scale</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="conference-papers-published-vs.-unpublished">Conference Papers, Published vs. Unpublished</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a formally published conference paper, use the biblatex entry type
<code>inproceedings</code> (which will be mapped to CSL <code>paper-conference</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For an unpublished manuscript, use the biblatex entry type
<code>unpublished</code> without an <code>eventtitle</code> field (this entry type
will be mapped to CSL <code>manuscript</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a talk, an unpublished conference paper, or a poster
presentation, use the biblatex entry type <code>unpublished</code> with an
<code>eventtitle</code> field (this entry type will be mapped to CSL
<code>speech</code>). Use the biblatex <code>type</code> field to indicate the type,
e.g. “Paper”, or “Poster”. <code>venue</code> and <code>eventdate</code> may be useful
too, though <code>eventdate</code> will not be rendered by most CSL styles.
Note that <code>venue</code> is for the event’s venue, unlike <code>location</code>
which describes the publisher’s location; do not use the latter
for an unpublished conference paper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="specifying-a-citation-style">Specifying a citation style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Citations and references can be formatted using any style supported by the
<a href="https://citationstyles.org">Citation Style Language</a>, listed in the <a href="https://www.zotero.org/styles">Zotero Style Repository</a>.
These files are specified using the <code>--csl</code> option or the <code>csl</code>
(or <code>citation-style</code>) metadata field.  By default, pandoc will
use the <a href="https://chicagomanualofstyle.org">Chicago Manual of Style</a> author-date format.  (You can
override this default by copying a CSL style of your choice
to <code>default.csl</code> in your user data directory.)
The CSL project provides further information on <a href="https://citationstyles.org/authors/">finding and
editing styles</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>--citation-abbreviations</code> option (or the
<code>citation-abbreviations</code> metadata field) may be used to specify
a JSON file containing abbreviations of journals that should be
used in formatted bibliographies when <code>form=&quot;short&quot;</code> is
specified.  The format of the file can be illustrated with an
example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>{ &quot;default&quot;: {
    &quot;container-title&quot;: {
            &quot;Lloyd&#039;s Law Reports&quot;: &quot;Lloyd&#039;s Rep&quot;,
            &quot;Estates Gazette&quot;: &quot;EG&quot;,
            &quot;Scots Law Times&quot;: &quot;SLT&quot;
    }
  }
}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="citations-in-note-styles">Citations in note styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc’s citation processing is designed to allow you to
move between author-date, numerical, and note styles without
modifying the Markdown source.  When you’re using a note
style, avoid inserting footnotes manually. Instead, insert
citations just as you would in an author-date style—for
example,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Blah blah [@foo, p. 33].</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The footnote will be created automatically. Pandoc will take
care of removing the space and moving the note before or
after the period, depending on the setting of
<code>notes-after-punctuation</code>, as described below in <a href="#other-relevant-metadata-fields">Other relevant
metadata fields</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In some cases you may need to put a citation inside a regular
footnote.  Normal citations in footnotes (such as <code>[@foo, p. 33]</code>) will be rendered in parentheses.  In-text citations (such
as <code>@foo [p. 33]</code>) will be rendered without parentheses. (A
comma will be added if appropriate.)  Thus:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[^1]:  Some studies [@foo; @bar, p. 33] show that
frubulicious zoosnaps are quantical.  For a survey
of the literature, see @baz [chap. 1].</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="placement-of-the-bibliography">Placement of the bibliography</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the style calls for a list of works cited, it will be placed
in a div with id <code>refs</code>, if one exists:<sup id="fnref-4"><a href="#fn-4" role="doc-noteref">4</a></sup></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>::: {#refs}
:::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Otherwise, it will be placed at the end of the document.
Generation of the bibliography can be suppressed by setting
<code>suppress-bibliography: true</code> in the YAML metadata.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you wish the bibliography to have a section heading, you can
set <code>reference-section-title</code> in the metadata, or put the heading
at the beginning of the div with id <code>refs</code> (if you are using it)
or at the end of your document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>last paragraph...

# References</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The bibliography will be inserted after this heading.  Note that
the <code>unnumbered</code> class will be added to this heading, so that the
section will not be numbered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you want to put the bibliography into a variable in your
template, one way to do that is to put the div with id <code>refs</code>
into a metadata field, e.g.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
refs: |
   ::: {#refs}
   :::
...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can then put the variable <code>$refs$</code> into your template where
you want the bibliography to be placed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="including-uncited-items-in-the-bibliography">Including uncited items in the bibliography</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you want to include items in the bibliography without actually
citing them in the body text, you can define a dummy <code>nocite</code> metadata
field and put the citations there:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
nocite: |
  @item1, @item2
...

@item3</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In this example, the document will contain a citation for <code>item3</code>
only, but the bibliography will contain entries for <code>item1</code>, <code>item2</code>, and
<code>item3</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It is possible to create a bibliography with all the citations,
whether or not they appear in the document, by using a wildcard:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
nocite: |
  @*
...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For LaTeX output, you can also use <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/natbib"><code>natbib</code></a> or <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex"><code>biblatex</code></a> to
render the bibliography. In order to do so, specify bibliography
files as outlined above, and add <code>--natbib</code> or <code>--biblatex</code>
argument to pandoc invocation. Bear in mind that bibliography
files have to be in either BibTeX (for <code>--natbib</code>)
or BibLaTeX (for <code>--biblatex</code>) format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="other-relevant-metadata-fields">Other relevant metadata fields</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A few other metadata fields affect bibliography formatting:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>link-citations</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>If true, citations will be hyperlinked to thecorresponding bibliography entries (for author-date and
numerical styles only).  Defaults to false.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>link-bibliography</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>If true, DOIs, PMCIDs, PMID, and URLs in bibliographies willbe rendered as hyperlinks.  (If an entry contains a DOI, PMCID,
PMID, or URL, but none of these fields are rendered by the style,
then the title, or in the absence of a title the whole entry, will
be hyperlinked.)  Defaults to true.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>lang</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>The <code>lang</code> field will affect how the style is localized,for example in the translation of labels, the use
of quotation marks, and the way items are sorted.
(For backwards compatibility, <code>locale</code> may be used instead
of <code>lang</code>, but this use is deprecated.)A BCP 47 language tag is expected:  for example, <code>en</code>,
<code>de</code>, <code>en-US</code>, <code>fr-CA</code>, <code>ug-Cyrl</code>.  The unicode extension
syntax (after <code>-u-</code>) may be used to specify options for
collation (sorting) more precisely. Here are some examples:<ul><li><code>zh-u-co-pinyin</code>: Chinese with the Pinyin collation.</li><li><code>es-u-co-trad</code>: Spanish with the traditional collation (with <code>Ch</code> sorting after <code>C</code>).</li><li><code>fr-u-kb</code>: French with “backwards” accent sorting (with <code>coté</code> sorting after <code>côte</code>).</li><li><code>en-US-u-kf-upper</code>: English with uppercase letters sorting before lower (default is lower before upper).</li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>notes-after-punctuation</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>If true (the default for note styles), pandoc will putfootnote references or superscripted numerical citations
after following punctuation.  For example, if the source
contains <code>blah blah [@jones99].</code>, the result will look like
<code>blah blah.[^1]</code>, with the note moved after the period and
the space collapsed.  If false, the space will still be
collapsed, but the footnote will not be moved after the
punctuation.  The option may also be used in numerical styles
that use superscripts for citation numbers (but for these
styles the default is not to move the citation).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="slide-shows">Slide shows</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use pandoc to produce an HTML + JavaScript slide presentation
that can be viewed via a web browser.  There are five ways to do this,
using <a href="https://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/s5/">S5</a>, <a href="https://paulrouget.com/dzslides/">DZSlides</a>, <a href="https://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy2/">Slidy</a>, <a href="https://goessner.net/articles/slideous/">Slideous</a>, or <a href="https://revealjs.com/">reveal.js</a>.
You can also produce a PDF slide show using LaTeX <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/beamer"><code>beamer</code></a>, or
slide shows in Microsoft <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint">PowerPoint</a> format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here’s the Markdown source for a simple slide show, <code>habits.txt</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>% Habits
% John Doe
% March 22, 2005

# In the morning

## Getting up

- Turn off alarm
- Get out of bed

## Breakfast

- Eat eggs
- Drink coffee

# In the evening

## Dinner

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

------------------

![picture of spaghetti](images/spaghetti.jpg)

## Going to sleep

- Get in bed
- Count sheep</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To produce an HTML/JavaScript slide show, simply type</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -t FORMAT -s habits.txt -o habits.html</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>where <code>FORMAT</code> is either <code>s5</code>, <code>slidy</code>, <code>slideous</code>, <code>dzslides</code>, or <code>revealjs</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For Slidy, Slideous, reveal.js, and S5, the file produced by
pandoc with the <code>-s/--standalone</code> option embeds a link to
JavaScript and CSS files, which are assumed to be available at
the relative path <code>s5/default</code> (for S5), <code>slideous</code> (for
Slideous), <code>reveal.js</code> (for reveal.js), or at the Slidy website
at <code>w3.org</code> (for Slidy).  (These paths can be changed by setting
the <code>slidy-url</code>, <code>slideous-url</code>, <code>revealjs-url</code>, or <code>s5-url</code>
variables; see <a href="#variables-for-html-slides">Variables for HTML slides</a>, above.) For
DZSlides, the (relatively short) JavaScript and CSS are included
in the file by default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With all HTML slide formats, the <code>--self-contained</code> option can
be used to produce a single file that contains all of the data
necessary to display the slide show, including linked scripts,
stylesheets, images, and videos.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To produce a PDF slide show using beamer, type</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -t beamer habits.txt -o habits.pdf</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that a reveal.js slide show can also be converted to a PDF
by printing it to a file from the browser.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To produce a PowerPoint slide show, type</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc habits.txt -o habits.pptx</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="structuring-the-slide-show">Structuring the slide show</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, the <em>slide level</em> is the highest heading level in
the hierarchy that is followed immediately by content, and not another
heading, somewhere in the document. In the example above, level-1 headings
are always followed by level-2 headings, which are followed by content,
so the slide level is 2. This default can be overridden using the
<code>--slide-level</code> option.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The document is carved up into slides according to the following
rules:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>A horizontal rule always starts a new slide.</p></li><li><p>A heading at the slide level always starts a new slide.</p></li><li><p>Headings <em>below</em> the slide level in the hierarchy create headings <em>within</em> a slide.  (In beamer, a “block” will be created.  If the heading has the class <code>example</code>, an <code>exampleblock</code> environment will be used; if it has the class <code>alert</code>, an <code>alertblock</code> will be used; otherwise a regular <code>block</code> will be used.)</p></li><li><p>Headings <em>above</em> the slide level in the hierarchy create “title slides,” which just contain the section title and help to break the slide show into sections. Non-slide content under these headings will be included on the title slide (for HTML slide shows) or in a subsequent slide with the same title (for beamer).</p></li><li><p>A title page is constructed automatically from the document’s title block, if present. (In the case of beamer, this can be disabled by commenting out some lines in the default template.)</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These rules are designed to support many different styles of slide show. If
you don’t care about structuring your slides into sections and subsections,
you can either just use level-1 headings for all slides (in that case, level 1
will be the slide level) or you can set <code>--slide-level=0</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note:  in reveal.js slide shows, if slide level is 2, a two-dimensional
layout will be produced, with level-1 headings building horizontally
and level-2 headings building vertically. It is not recommended that
you use deeper nesting of section levels with reveal.js unless you set
<code>--slide-level=0</code> (which lets reveal.js produce a one-dimensional layout
and only interprets horizontal rules as slide boundaries).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="powerpoint-layout-choice">PowerPoint layout choice</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When creating slides, the pptx writer chooses from a number of pre-defined
layouts, based on the content of the slide:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Title Slide</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>This layout is used for the initial slide, which is generated andfilled from the metadata fields <code>date</code>, <code>author</code>, and <code>title</code>, if
they are present.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Section Header</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>This layout is used for what pandoc calls “title slides”, i.e.slides which start with a header which is above the slide level in
the hierarchy.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Two Content</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>This layout is used for two-column slides, i.e. slides containing adiv with class <code>columns</code> which contains at least two divs with class
<code>column</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Comparison</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>This layout is used instead of “Two Content” for any two-columnslides in which at least one column contains text followed by
non-text (e.g. an image or a table).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Content with Caption</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>This layout is used for any non-two-column slides which contain textfollowed by non-text (e.g. an image or a table).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Blank</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>This layout is used for any slides which only contain blank content,e.g. a slide containing only speaker notes, or a slide containing
only a non-breaking space.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Title and Content</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>This layout is used for all slides which do not match the criteriafor another layout.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These layouts are chosen from the default pptx reference doc included with
pandoc, unless an alternative reference doc is specified using
<code>--reference-doc</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="incremental-lists">Incremental lists</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, these writers produce lists that display “all at once.”
If you want your lists to display incrementally (one item at a time),
use the <code>-i</code> option. If you want a particular list to depart from the
default, put it in a <code>div</code> block with class <code>incremental</code> or
<code>nonincremental</code>. So, for example, using the <code>fenced div</code> syntax, the
following would be incremental regardless of the document default:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>::: incremental

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

:::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>or</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>::: nonincremental

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

:::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>While using <code>incremental</code> and <code>nonincremental</code> divs is the
recommended method of setting incremental lists on a per-case basis,
an older method is also supported: putting lists inside a blockquote
will depart from the document default (that is, it will display
incrementally without the <code>-i</code> option and all at once with the <code>-i</code>
option):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; - Eat spaghetti
&gt; - Drink wine</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Both methods allow incremental and nonincremental lists to be mixed
in a single document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you want to include a block-quoted list, you can work around
this behavior by putting the list inside a fenced div, so that
it is not the direct child of the block quote:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; ::: wrapper
&gt; - a
&gt; - list in a quote
&gt; :::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="inserting-pauses">Inserting pauses</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can add “pauses” within a slide by including a paragraph containing
three dots, separated by spaces:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># Slide with a pause

content before the pause

. . .

content after the pause</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: this feature is not yet implemented for PowerPoint output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="styling-the-slides">Styling the slides</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can change the style of HTML slides by putting customized CSS files
in <code>$DATADIR/s5/default</code> (for S5), <code>$DATADIR/slidy</code> (for Slidy),
or <code>$DATADIR/slideous</code> (for Slideous),
where <code>$DATADIR</code> is the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>, above).
The originals may be found in pandoc’s system data directory (generally
<code>$CABALDIR/pandoc-VERSION/s5/default</code>). Pandoc will look there for any
files it does not find in the user data directory.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For dzslides, the CSS is included in the HTML file itself, and may
be modified there.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All <a href="https://revealjs.com/config/">reveal.js configuration options</a> can be set through variables.
For example, themes can be used by setting the <code>theme</code> variable:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>-V theme=moon</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Or you can specify a custom stylesheet using the <code>--css</code> option.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To style beamer slides, you can specify a <code>theme</code>, <code>colortheme</code>,
<code>fonttheme</code>, <code>innertheme</code>, and <code>outertheme</code>, using the <code>-V</code> option:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -t beamer habits.txt -V theme:Warsaw -o habits.pdf</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that heading attributes will turn into slide attributes
(on a <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;section&gt;</code>) in HTML slide formats, allowing you
to style individual slides.  In beamer, a number of heading
classes and attributes are recognized as frame options and
will be passed through as options to the frame: see
<a href="#frame-attributes-in-beamer">Frame attributes in beamer</a>, below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="speaker-notes">Speaker notes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Speaker notes are supported in reveal.js, PowerPoint (pptx),
and beamer output. You can add notes to your Markdown document thus:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>::: notes

This is my note.

- It can contain Markdown
- like this list

:::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To show the notes window in reveal.js, press <code>s</code> while viewing the
presentation. Speaker notes in PowerPoint will be available, as usual,
in handouts and presenter view.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Notes are not yet supported for other slide formats, but the notes
will not appear on the slides themselves.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="speaker-notes-on-the-title-slide-powerpoint">Speaker notes on the title slide (PowerPoint)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For PowerPoint output, the title slide is generated from the document’s
YAML metadata block. To add speaker notes to this slide, use a <code>notes</code>
field in the metadata:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
title: My Presentation
author: Jane Doe
notes: |
  Welcome everyone to this presentation.

  Remember to introduce yourself and mention the key topics.
---</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>notes</code> field can contain multiple paragraphs and Markdown formatting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="columns">Columns</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To put material in side by side columns, you can use a native
div container with class <code>columns</code>, containing two or more div
containers with class <code>column</code> and a <code>width</code> attribute:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>:::::::::::::: {.columns}
::: {.column width=&quot;40%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::: {.column width=&quot;60%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Specifying column widths does not currently work for PowerPoint.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="additional-columns-attributes-in-beamer">Additional columns attributes in beamer</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The div containers with classes <code>columns</code> and <code>column</code> can optionally have
an <code>align</code> attribute.
The class <code>columns</code> can optionally have a <code>totalwidth</code> attribute or an
<code>onlytextwidth</code> class.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>:::::::::::::: {.columns align=center totalwidth=8em}
::: {.column width=&quot;40%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::: {.column width=&quot;60%&quot; align=bottom}
contents...
:::
::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>align</code> attributes on <code>columns</code> and <code>column</code> can be used with the
values <code>top</code>, <code>top-baseline</code>, <code>center</code> and <code>bottom</code> to vertically align
the columns. It defaults to <code>top</code> in <code>columns</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>totalwidth</code> attribute limits the width of the columns to the given value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>:::::::::::::: {.columns align=top .onlytextwidth}
::: {.column width=&quot;40%&quot; align=center}
contents...
:::
::: {.column width=&quot;60%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The class <code>onlytextwidth</code> sets the <code>totalwidth</code> to <code>\textwidth</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See Section 12.7 of the <a href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/beamer/doc/beameruserguide.pdf">Beamer User’s Guide</a> for more details.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="frame-attributes-in-beamer">Frame attributes in beamer</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sometimes it is necessary to add the LaTeX <code>[fragile]</code> option to
a frame in beamer (for example, when using the <code>minted</code> environment).
This can be forced by adding the <code>fragile</code> class to the heading
introducing the slide:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># Fragile slide {.fragile}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All of the other frame attributes described in Section 8.1 of
the <a href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/beamer/doc/beameruserguide.pdf">Beamer User’s Guide</a> may also be used: <code>allowdisplaybreaks</code>,
<code>allowframebreaks</code>, <code>b</code>, <code>c</code>, <code>s</code>, <code>t</code>, <code>environment</code>, <code>label</code>, <code>plain</code>,
<code>shrink</code>, <code>standout</code>, <code>noframenumbering</code>, <code>squeeze</code>.
<code>allowframebreaks</code> is recommended especially for bibliographies, as
it allows multiple slides to be created if the content overfills the
frame:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># References {.allowframebreaks}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition, the <code>frameoptions</code> attribute may be used to
pass arbitrary frame options to a beamer slide:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># Heading {frameoptions=&quot;squeeze,shrink,customoption=foobar&quot;}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="background-in-reveal.js-beamer-and-pptx">Background in reveal.js, beamer, and pptx</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Background images can be added to self-contained reveal.js slide shows,
beamer slide shows, and pptx slide shows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="on-all-slides-beamer-reveal.js-pptx">On all slides (beamer, reveal.js, pptx)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With beamer and reveal.js, the configuration option <code>background-image</code> can be
used either in the YAML metadata block or as a command-line variable to get the same image on every slide.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that for reveal.js, the <code>background-image</code> will be used as
a <code>parallaxBackgroundImage</code> (see below).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For pptx, you can use a <code>--reference-doc</code> in which
background images have been set on the <a href="#powerpoint-layout-choice">relevant
layouts</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4 id="parallaxbackgroundimage-reveal.js"><code>parallaxBackgroundImage</code> (reveal.js)</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For reveal.js, there is also the reveal.js-native option
<code>parallaxBackgroundImage</code>, which produces a parallax scrolling background.
You must also set <code>parallaxBackgroundSize</code>, and can optionally set
<code>parallaxBackgroundHorizontal</code>
and <code>parallaxBackgroundVertical</code> to configure the scrolling behaviour.
See the <a href="https://revealjs.com/backgrounds/#parallax-background">reveal.js
documentation</a>
for more details about the meaning of these options.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In reveal.js’s overview mode, the parallaxBackgroundImage will show up
only on the first slide.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="on-individual-slides-reveal.js-pptx">On individual slides (reveal.js, pptx)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To set an image for a particular reveal.js or pptx slide, add
<code>{background-image=&quot;/path/to/image&quot;}</code> to the first slide-level heading on the
slide (which may even be empty).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As the <a href="#extension-link_attributes">HTML writers pass unknown attributes
through</a>, other reveal.js background settings also
work on individual slides, including <code>background-size</code>, <code>background-repeat</code>,
<code>background-color</code>, <code>transition</code>, and <code>transition-speed</code>. (The <code>data-</code> prefix
will automatically be added.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: <code>data-background-image</code> is also supported in pptx for consistency with
reveal.js – if <code>background-image</code> isn’t found, <code>data-background-image</code> will be
checked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="on-the-title-slide-reveal.js-pptx">On the title slide (reveal.js, pptx)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To add a background image to the automatically generated title slide for
reveal.js, use the <code>title-slide-attributes</code> variable in the YAML metadata block.
It must contain a map of attribute names and values. (Note that the <code>data-</code>
prefix is required here, as it isn’t added automatically.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For pptx, pass a <code>--reference-doc</code> with the background
image set on the “Title Slide” layout.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="example-reveal.js">Example (reveal.js)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
title: My Slide Show
parallaxBackgroundImage: /path/to/my/background_image.png
title-slide-attributes:
    data-background-image: /path/to/title_image.png
    data-background-size: contain
---

## Slide One

Slide 1 has background_image.png as its background.

## {background-image=&quot;/path/to/special_image.jpg&quot;}

Slide 2 has a special image for its background, even though the heading has no content.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="epubs">EPUBs</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="epub-metadata">EPUB Metadata</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are two ways to specify metadata for an EPUB. The first is to use
the <code>--epub-metadata</code> option, which takes as its argument an XML file
with <a href="https://www.dublincore.org/specifications/dublin-core/dces/">Dublin Core elements</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The second way is to use YAML, either in a
[YAML metadata block][Extension: <code>yaml_metadata_block</code>] in a Markdown
document, or in a separate YAML file specified with <code>--metadata-file</code>.
Here is an example of a YAML metadata block with EPUB metadata:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
title:
- type: main
  text: My Book
- type: subtitle
  text: An investigation of metadata
creator:
- role: author
  text: John Smith
- role: editor
  text: Sarah Jones
identifier:
- scheme: DOI
  text: doi:10.234234.234/33
publisher:  My Press
rights: © 2007 John Smith, CC BY-NC
ibooks:
  version: 1.3.4
...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following fields are recognized:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>identifier</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Either a string value or an object with fields <code>text</code> and<code>scheme</code>.  Valid values for <code>scheme</code> are <code>ISBN-10</code>,
<code>GTIN-13</code>, <code>UPC</code>, <code>ISMN-10</code>, <code>DOI</code>, <code>LCCN</code>, <code>GTIN-14</code>,
<code>ISBN-13</code>, <code>Legal deposit number</code>, <code>URN</code>, <code>OCLC number</code>,
<code>Co-publisher’s ISBN-13</code>, <code>ISMN-13</code>, <code>ISBN-A</code>, <code>JP e-code</code>,
<code>OLCC number</code>, <code>JP Magazine ID</code>, <code>UPC-12+5</code>, <code>BNF Control number</code>,
<code>ISSN-13</code>, <code>ARK</code>, <code>Digital file internal version number</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>title</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Either a string value, or an object with fields <code>file-as</code> and<code>type</code>, or a list of such objects.  Valid values for <code>type</code> are
<code>main</code>, <code>subtitle</code>, <code>short</code>, <code>collection</code>, <code>edition</code>, <code>extended</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>creator</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Either a string value, or an object with fields <code>role</code>, <code>file-as</code>,and <code>text</code>, or a list of such objects.  Valid values for <code>role</code> are
[MARC relators], but
pandoc will attempt to translate the human-readable versions
(like “author” and “editor”) to the appropriate marc relators.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>contributor</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Same format as <code>creator</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>date</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value in <code>YYYY-MM-DD</code> format.  (Only the year is necessary.)Pandoc will attempt to convert other common date formats.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>lang</code> (or legacy: <code>language</code>)</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47">BCP 47</a> format.  Pandoc will default to the locallanguage if nothing is specified.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>subject</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Either a string value, or an object with fields <code>text</code>, <code>authority</code>,and <code>term</code>, or a list of such objects. Valid values for <code>authority</code>
are either a [reserved authority value] (currently <code>AAT</code>, <code>BIC</code>,
<code>BISAC</code>, <code>CLC</code>, <code>DDC</code>, <code>CLIL</code>, <code>EuroVoc</code>, <code>MEDTOP</code>, <code>LCSH</code>, <code>NDC</code>,
<code>Thema</code>, <code>UDC</code>, and <code>WGS</code>) or an absolute IRI identifying a custom
scheme. Valid values for <code>term</code> are defined by the scheme.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>description</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>type</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>format</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>relation</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>coverage</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>rights</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>belongs-to-collection</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value.  Identifies the name of a collection to whichthe EPUB Publication belongs.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>group-position</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>The <code>group-position</code> field indicates the numeric position in whichthe EPUB Publication belongs relative to other works belonging to
the same <code>belongs-to-collection</code> field.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>cover-image</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value (path to cover image).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>css</code> (or legacy: <code>stylesheet</code>)</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value (path to CSS stylesheet).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>page-progression-direction</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Either <code>ltr</code> or <code>rtl</code>. Specifies the <code>page-progression-direction</code>attribute for the [<code>spine</code> element].</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>accessModes</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>An array of strings (<a href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).Defaults to <code>[&quot;textual&quot;]</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>accessModeSufficient</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>An array of strings (<a href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).Defaults to <code>[&quot;textual&quot;]</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>accessibilityHazards</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>An array of strings (<a href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).Defaults to <code>[&quot;none&quot;]</code>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>accessibilityFeatures</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>An array of strings (<a href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).Defaults to<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>- &quot;alternativeText&quot;
- &quot;readingOrder&quot;
- &quot;structuralNavigation&quot;
- &quot;tableOfContents&quot;</code></pre></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>accessibilitySummary</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>A string value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code>ibooks</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>iBooks-specific metadata, with the following fields:<ul><li><code>version</code>: (string)</li><li><code>specified-fonts</code>: <code>true</code>|<code>false</code> (default <code>false</code>)</li><li><code>ipad-orientation-lock</code>: <code>portrait-only</code>|<code>landscape-only</code></li><li><code>iphone-orientation-lock</code>: <code>portrait-only</code>|<code>landscape-only</code></li><li><code>binding</code>: <code>true</code>|<code>false</code> (default <code>true</code>)</li><li><code>scroll-axis</code>: <code>vertical</code>|<code>horizontal</code>|<code>default</code></li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="the-epubtype-attribute">The <code>epub:type</code> attribute</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For <code>epub3</code> output, you can mark up the heading that corresponds to an EPUB
chapter using the <a href="http://www.idpf.org/epub/31/spec/epub-contentdocs.html#sec-epub-type-attribute"><code>epub:type</code> attribute</a>. For example, to set
the attribute to the value <code>prologue</code>, use this Markdown:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># My chapter {epub:type=prologue}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Which will result in:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;body epub:type=&quot;frontmatter&quot;&gt;
  &lt;section epub:type=&quot;prologue&quot;&gt;
    &lt;h1&gt;My chapter&lt;/h1&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc will output <code>&lt;body epub:type=&quot;bodymatter&quot;&gt;</code>, unless
you use one of the following values, in which case either
<code>frontmatter</code> or <code>backmatter</code> will be output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><code>epub:type</code> of first section</th><th><code>epub:type</code> of body</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>prologue</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>abstract</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>acknowledgments</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>copyright-page</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>dedication</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>credits</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>keywords</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>imprint</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>contributors</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>other-credits</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>errata</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>revision-history</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>titlepage</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>halftitlepage</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>seriespage</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>foreword</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>preface</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>frontispiece</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr><tr><td>appendix</td><td>backmatter</td></tr><tr><td>colophon</td><td>backmatter</td></tr><tr><td>bibliography</td><td>backmatter</td></tr><tr><td>index</td><td>backmatter</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="linked-media">Linked media</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, pandoc will download media referenced from any <code>&lt;img&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;audio&gt;</code>,
<code>&lt;video&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;source&gt;</code> element present in the generated EPUB,
and include it in the EPUB container, yielding a completely
self-contained EPUB.  If you want to link to external media resources
instead, use raw HTML in your source and add <code>data-external=&quot;1&quot;</code> to the tag
with the <code>src</code> attribute.  For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;audio controls=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  &lt;source src=&quot;https://example.com/music/toccata.mp3&quot;
          data-external=&quot;1&quot; type=&quot;audio/mpeg&quot;&gt;
  &lt;/source&gt;
&lt;/audio&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the input format already is HTML then <code>data-external=&quot;1&quot;</code> will work
as expected for <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> elements. Similarly, for Markdown, external
images can be declared with <code>![img](url){external=1}</code>. Note that this
only works for images; the other media elements have no native
representation in pandoc’s AST and require the use of raw HTML.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="epub-styling">EPUB styling</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, pandoc will include some basic styling
contained in its <code>epub.css</code> data file.  (To see this,
use <code>pandoc --print-default-data-file epub.css</code>.)
To use a different CSS file, just use the <code>--css</code> command
line option.  A few inline styles are defined in addition; these
are essential for correct formatting of pandoc’s HTML output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code>document-css</code> variable may be set if the more opinionated
styling of pandoc’s default HTML templates is desired (and
in that case the variables defined in <a href="#variables-for-html">Variables for HTML</a> may
be used to fine-tune the style).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="chunked-html">Chunked HTML</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>pandoc -t chunkedhtml</code> will produce a zip archive of linked
HTML files, one for each section of the original document.
Internal links will automatically be adjusted to point to
the right place, images linked to under the working directory
will be incorporated, and navigation links will be added.
In addition, a JSON file <code>sitemap.json</code> will be included
describing the hierarchical structure of the files.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If an output file without an extension is specified, then
it will be interpreted as a directory and the zip archive
will be automatically unpacked into it (unless it already
exists, in which case an error will be raised).  Otherwise
a <code>.zip</code> file will be produced.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The navigation links can be customized by adjusting the
template.  By default, a table of contents is included only
on the top page. To include it on every page, set the
<code>toc</code> variable manually.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="jupyter-notebooks">Jupyter notebooks</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When creating a <a href="https://nbformat.readthedocs.io/en/latest/">Jupyter notebook</a>, pandoc will try to infer the
notebook structure.  Code blocks with the class <code>code</code> will be
taken as code cells, and intervening content will be taken as
Markdown cells.  Attachments will automatically be created for
images in Markdown cells. Metadata will be taken from the
<code>jupyter</code> metadata field.  For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
title: My notebook
jupyter:
  nbformat: 4
  nbformat_minor: 5
  kernelspec:
     display_name: Python 2
     language: python
     name: python2
  language_info:
     codemirror_mode:
       name: ipython
       version: 2
     file_extension: &quot;.py&quot;
     mimetype: &quot;text/x-python&quot;
     name: &quot;python&quot;
     nbconvert_exporter: &quot;python&quot;
     pygments_lexer: &quot;ipython2&quot;
     version: &quot;2.7.15&quot;
---

# Lorem ipsum

**Lorem ipsum** dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus
bibendum felis dictum sodales.

``` code
print(&quot;hello&quot;)
```

## Pyout

``` code
from IPython.display import HTML
HTML(&quot;&quot;&quot;
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
&quot;&quot;&quot;)
```

## Image

This image ![image](myimage.png) will be
included as a cell attachment.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you want to add cell attributes, group cells differently, or
add output to code cells, then you need to include divs to
indicate the structure. You can use either [fenced
divs][Extension: <code>fenced_divs</code>] or [native divs][Extension:
<code>native_divs</code>] for this.  Here is an example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>:::::: {.cell .markdown}
# Lorem

**Lorem ipsum** dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus
bibendum felis dictum sodales.
::::::

:::::: {.cell .code execution_count=1}
``` {.python}
print(&quot;hello&quot;)
```

::: {.output .stream .stdout}
```
hello
```
:::
::::::

:::::: {.cell .code execution_count=2}
``` {.python}
from IPython.display import HTML
HTML(&quot;&quot;&quot;
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
&quot;&quot;&quot;)
```

::: {.output .execute_result execution_count=2}
```{=html}
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
hello
```
:::
::::::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you include raw HTML or TeX in an output cell, use the
<a href="#extension-raw_attribute">raw attribute</a>, as shown
in the last cell of the example above.  Although pandoc can
process “bare” raw HTML and TeX, the result is often
interspersed raw elements and normal textual elements, and
in an output cell pandoc expects a single, connected raw
block.  To avoid using raw HTML or TeX except when
marked explicitly using raw attributes, we recommend
specifying the extensions <code>-raw_html-raw_tex+raw_attribute</code> when
translating between Markdown and ipynb notebooks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that options and extensions that affect reading and
writing of Markdown will also affect Markdown cells in ipynb
notebooks.  For example, <code>--wrap=preserve</code> will preserve
soft line breaks in Markdown cells; <code>--markdown-headings=setext</code> will
cause Setext-style headings to be used; and <code>--preserve-tabs</code> will
prevent tabs from being turned to spaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="vimdoc">Vimdoc</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Vimdoc writer generates Vim help files and makes use of the following metadata
variables:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"yaml"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-yaml">abstract: &quot;A short description&quot;
author: Author
title: Title

# Vimdoc-specific
filename: &quot;definition-lists.txt&quot;
vimdoc-prefix: pandoc</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Complete header requires <code>abstract</code>, <code>author</code>, <code>title</code> and <code>filename</code> to
be set. Compiling file with such metadata produces the following file
(assumes <code>--standalone</code>, see <a href="#templates">Templates</a>):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"vimdoc"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-vimdoc">*definition-lists.txt*  A short description

                            Title by Author


                                 Type |gO| to see the table of contents.

[...]

 vim:tw=72:sw=4:ts=4:ft=help:norl:et:</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If <code>vimdoc-prefix</code> is set, all non-command tags are prefixed with its
value, it is used to prevent tag collision: all headers have a tag
(either inferred or explicit) and multiple help pages can have the same
header names, therefore collision is to be expected. Let our input be
the following markdown file:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"markdown"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-markdown">## Header

`:[range]Fnl {expr}`{#:Fnl}
:   Evaluates {expr} or range

`vim.b`{#vim.b}
:   Buffer-scoped (`:h b:`) variables for the current buffer. Invalid or unset
    key returns `nil`. Can be indexed with an integer to access variables for a
    specific buffer.

[Span]{#span}
:   generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not inherently
    represent anything.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Convert it to vimdoc:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"vimdoc"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-vimdoc">------------------------------------------------------------------------
Header                                                            *header*

:[range]Fnl {expr}                                                  *:Fnl*
    Evaluates {expr} or range
`vim.b`                                                            *vim.b*
    Buffer-scoped (|b:|) variables for the current buffer. Invalid or
    unset key returns `nil`. Can be indexed with an integer to access
    variables for a specific buffer.
Span                                                                *span*
    generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not
    inherently represent anything.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Convert it to vimdoc with metadata variable set (e.g. with
<code>-M vimdoc-prefix=pandoc</code>)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"vimdoc"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-vimdoc">------------------------------------------------------------------------
Header                                                     *pandoc-header*

:[range]Fnl {expr}                                                  *:Fnl*
    Evaluates {expr} or range
`vim.b`                                                     *pandoc-vim.b*
    Buffer-scoped (|b:|) variables for the current buffer. Invalid or
    unset key returns `nil`. Can be indexed with an integer to access
    variables for a specific buffer.
Span                                                         *pandoc-span*
    generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not
    inherently represent anything.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>vim.b</code> and <code>Span</code> got their prefixes but not <code>:Fnl</code> because ex-commands
(those starting with <code>:</code>) don’t get a prefix, since they are considered
unique across help pages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In both cases <code>:help b:</code> became reference <code>|b:|</code> (also works with
<code>:h b:</code>). Links pointing to either <a href="https://vimhelp.org/">https://vimhelp.org/</a> or
<a href="https://neovim.io/doc/user">https://neovim.io/doc/user</a> become references too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Vim traditionally wraps at 78, but Pandoc defaults to 72. Use
<code>--columns 78</code> to match Vim.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="syntax-highlighting">Syntax highlighting</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc will automatically highlight syntax in <a href="">fenced code blocks</a> that
are marked with a language name.  The Haskell library <a href="https://github.com/jgm/skylighting">skylighting</a> is
used for highlighting. Currently highlighting is supported only for
HTML, EPUB, Docx, Ms, Man, Typst, and LaTeX/PDF output. To see a list
of language names that pandoc will recognize, type <code>pandoc --list-highlight-languages</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The color scheme can be selected using the <code>--syntax-highlighting</code>
option. The default color scheme is <code>pygments</code>, which imitates the
default color scheme used by the Python library pygments (though
pygments is not actually used to do the highlighting). To see a
list of highlight styles, type <code>pandoc --list-highlight-styles</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you are not satisfied with the predefined styles, you can use
<code>--print-highlight-style</code> to generate a JSON <code>.theme</code> file which
can be modified and used as the argument to
<code>--syntax-highlighting</code>. To get a JSON version of the <code>pygments</code>
style, for example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -o my.theme --print-highlight-style pygments</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then edit <code>my.theme</code> and use it like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc --syntax-highlighting my.theme</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you are not satisfied with the built-in highlighting, or you
want to highlight a language that isn’t supported, you can use the
<code>--syntax-definition</code> option to load a <a href="https://docs.kde.org/stable5/en/kate/katepart/highlight.html">KDE-style XML syntax definition
file</a>.
Before writing your own, have a look at KDE’s <a href="https://github.com/KDE/syntax-highlighting/tree/master/data/syntax">repository of syntax
definitions</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you receive an error that pandoc “Could not read highlighting theme”,
check that the JSON file is encoded with UTF-8 and has no Byte-Order Mark (BOM).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To disable highlighting, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=none</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To use a format’s idiomatic syntax highlighting instead of
pandoc’s built-in highlighting, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=idiomatic</code>.
Currently, <code>idiomatic</code> only affects the following formats:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>In reveal.js, it causes reveal.js’s highlighting plugin to be used for source code highlighting.  The style may be customized by setting the <code>highlightjs-theme</code> variable.</p></li><li><p>In Typst, it causes Typst’s built-in highlighting to be used. (This is also the default for Typst.)</p></li><li><p>In LaTeX, it causes the <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/listings"><code>listings</code></a> package  to be used. Note that <code>listings</code> does not support multi-byte encoding for source code. To handle UTF-8 you would need to use a custom template. This issue is fully documented here: <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Source_Code_Listings#Encoding_issue">Encoding issue with the listings package</a>.</p></li><li><p>In other formats, <code>idiomatic</code> will have the same result as <code>default</code>.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="custom-styles">Custom Styles</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Custom styles can be used in the docx, odt and ICML formats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="output">Output</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default, pandoc’s odt, docx and ICML output applies a predefined set of
styles for blocks such as paragraphs and block quotes, and uses largely
default formatting (italics, bold) for inlines. This will work for most
purposes, especially alongside a <a href="#option--reference-doc">reference doc</a> file.
However, if you need to apply your own styles to blocks, or match a preexisting
set of styles, pandoc allows you to define custom styles for blocks and text
using <code>div</code>s and <code>span</code>s, respectively.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you define a Div, Span, or Table with the attribute
<code>custom-style</code>, pandoc will apply your specified style to the
contained elements (with the exception of elements whose function
depends on a style, like headings, code blocks, block quotes, or
links). So, for example, using the <code>bracketed_spans</code> syntax,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Get out]{custom-style=&quot;Emphatically&quot;}, he said.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>would produce a file with “Get out” styled with character
style <code>Emphatically</code>. Similarly, using the <code>fenced_divs</code> syntax,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Dickinson starts the poem simply:

::: {custom-style=&quot;Poetry&quot;}
| A Bird came down the Walk---
| He did not know I saw---
:::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>would style the two contained lines with the <code>Poetry</code> paragraph style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Styles will be defined in the output file as inheriting
from normal text (docx) or Default Paragraph Style (odt), if the
styles are not yet in your <a href="#option--reference-doc">reference doc</a>.
If they are already defined, pandoc will not alter the definition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This feature allows for greatest customization in conjunction with
<a href="https://pandoc.org/filters.html">pandoc filters</a>. If you want all paragraphs after block quotes to be
indented, you can write a filter to apply the styles necessary. If you
want all italics to be transformed to the <code>Emphasis</code> character style
(perhaps to change their color), you can write a filter which will
transform all italicized inlines to inlines within an <code>Emphasis</code>
custom-style <code>span</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For docx or odt output, you don’t need to enable any extensions for
custom styles to work.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For icml output, you can also set an <code>object-style</code> in images:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>![Image with object style](myImage.jpg){object-style=&quot;fixedSizeImage&quot;}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In InDesign you’ll see that object style given to the image,
and you’ll be able to customize it, or load its definition from
a template of yours.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="input">Input</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The docx reader, by default, only reads those styles that it can
convert into pandoc elements, either by direct conversion or
interpreting the derivation of the input document’s styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By enabling the <a href="#ext-styles"><code>styles</code> extension</a> in the docx reader
(<code>-f docx+styles</code>), you can produce output that maintains the styles
of the input document, using the <code>custom-style</code> class. A <code>custom-style</code>
attribute will be added for each style. Divs will be created to
hold the paragraph styles, and Spans to hold the character styles.
Table styles will be applied directly to the Table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, using the <code>custom-style-reference.docx</code> file in the test
directory, we have the following different outputs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Without the <code>+styles</code> extension:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$ pandoc test/docx/custom-style-reference.docx -f docx -t markdown
This is some text.

This is text with an *emphasized* text style. And this is text with a
**strengthened** text style.

&gt; Here is a styled paragraph that inherits from Block Text.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And with the extension:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$ pandoc test/docx/custom-style-reference.docx -f docx+styles -t markdown

::: {custom-style=&quot;First Paragraph&quot;}
This is some text.
:::

::: {custom-style=&quot;Body Text&quot;}
This is text with an [emphasized]{custom-style=&quot;Emphatic&quot;} text style.
And this is text with a [strengthened]{custom-style=&quot;Strengthened&quot;}
text style.
:::

::: {custom-style=&quot;My Block Style&quot;}
&gt; Here is a styled paragraph that inherits from Block Text.
:::</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With these custom styles, you can use your input document as a
reference-doc while creating docx output (see below), and maintain the
same styles in your input and output files.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="custom-readers-and-writers">Custom readers and writers</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc can be extended with custom readers and writers written
in <a href="https://www.lua.org">Lua</a>.  (Pandoc includes a Lua interpreter, so Lua need not
be installed separately.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To use a custom reader or writer, simply specify the path to the
Lua script in place of the input or output format. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -t data/sample.lua
pandoc -f my_custom_markup_language.lua -t latex -s</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the script is not found relative to the working directory,
it will be sought in the <code>custom</code> subdirectory of the user data
directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A custom reader is a Lua script that defines one function,
Reader, which takes a string as input and returns a Pandoc
AST.  See the <a href="https://pandoc.org/lua-filters.html">Lua filters documentation</a> for documentation
of the functions that are available for creating pandoc
AST elements.  For parsing, the <a href="http://www.inf.puc-rio.br/~roberto/lpeg/">lpeg</a> parsing library
is available by default. To see a sample custom reader:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc --print-default-data-file creole.lua</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you want your custom reader to have access to reader options
(e.g. the tab stop setting), you give your Reader function a
second <code>options</code> parameter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A custom writer is a Lua script that defines a function
that specifies how to render each element in a Pandoc AST.
See the <a href="https://github.com/jgm/djot.lua/blob/main/djot-writer.lua">djot-writer.lua</a> for a full-featured example.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that custom writers have no default template.  If you want
to use <code>--standalone</code> with a custom writer, you will need to
specify a template manually using <code>--template</code> or add a new
default template with the name
<code>default.NAME_OF_CUSTOM_WRITER.lua</code> to the <code>templates</code>
subdirectory of your user data directory (see <a href="#templates">Templates</a>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="reproducible-builds">Reproducible builds</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some of the document formats pandoc targets (such as EPUB,
docx, and ODT) include build timestamps in the generated document.
That means that the files generated on successive builds will
differ, even if the source does not.  To avoid this, set the
<code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code> environment variable, and the timestamp will
be taken from it instead of the current time.
<code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code> should contain an integer unix timestamp
(specifying the number of seconds since midnight UTC January 1, 1970).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For reproducible builds with LaTeX, you can either specify the
<code>pdf-trailer-id</code> in the metadata or leave it undefined, in which
case pandoc will create a trailer-id based on a hash of the
<code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code> and the document’s contents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some document formats also include a unique identifier.  For
EPUB, this can be set explicitly by setting the <code>identifier</code>
metadata field (see <a href="#epub-metadata">EPUB Metadata</a>, above).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="accessible-pdfs-and-pdf-archiving-standards">Accessible PDFs and PDF archiving standards</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PDF is a flexible format, and using PDF in certain contexts
requires additional conventions. For example, PDFs are not
accessible by default; they define how characters are placed on a
page but do not contain semantic information on the content.
However, it is possible to generate accessible PDFs, which use
tagging to add semantic information to the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc defaults to LaTeX to generate PDF. LaTeX’s <code>\DocumentMetadata</code>
interface supports PDF standards and tagging when using LuaLaTeX;
set the <code>pdfstandard</code> variable to enable this (see below). For older
LaTeX installations, alternative engines must be used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The PDF standards PDF/A and PDF/UA define further restrictions
intended to optimize PDFs for archiving and accessibility. Tagging
is commonly used in combination with these standards to ensure
best results.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note, however, that standard compliance depends on many things,
including the colorspace of embedded images. Pandoc cannot check
this, and external programs must be used to ensure that generated
PDFs are in compliance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="latex">LaTeX</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Set the <code>pdfstandard</code> variable to produce tagged PDFs conforming
to PDF/A, PDF/X, or PDF/UA standards. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -V pdfstandard=ua-2 --pdf-engine=lualatex doc.md -o doc.pdf</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Multiple standards can be combined:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>---
pdfstandard:
  - ua-2
  - a-4f
---</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The required PDF version is inferred automatically. This feature
requires LuaLaTeX in TeX Live 2025 with LaTeX kernel 2025-06-01
or newer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="context">ConTeXt</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ConTeXt always produces tagged PDFs, but the quality depends on
the input. The default ConTeXt markup generated by pandoc is
optimized for readability and reuse, not tagging. Enable the
<a href="#extension--tagging"><code>tagging</code></a> format extension to force markup
that is optimized for tagging. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc -t context+tagging doc.md -o doc.pdf</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A recent <code>context</code> version should be used, as older versions
contained a bug that lead to invalid PDF metadata.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="weasyprint">WeasyPrint</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The HTML-based engine WeasyPrint includes experimental support for
PDF/A and PDF/UA since version 57. Tagged PDFs can created with</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc --pdf-engine=weasyprint \
       --pdf-engine-opt=--pdf-variant=pdf/ua-1 ...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The feature is experimental and standard compliance should not be
assumed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="prince-xml">Prince XML</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The non-free HTML-to-PDF converter <code>prince</code> has extensive support
for various PDF standards as well as tagging. E.g.:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc --pdf-engine=prince \
       --pdf-engine-opt=--tagged-pdf ...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See the prince documentation for more info.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="typst">Typst</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Typst 0.12 can produce PDF/A-2b:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>pandoc --pdf-engine=typst --pdf-engine-opt=--pdf-standard=a-2b ...</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="word-processors">Word Processors</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Word processors like LibreOffice and MS Word can also be used to
generate standardized and tagged PDF output. Pandoc does not
support direct conversions via these tools. However, pandoc can
convert a document to a <code>docx</code> or <code>odt</code> file, which can then be
opened and converted to PDF with the respective word processor.
See the documentation for <a href="https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/create-accessible-pdfs-064625e0-56ea-4e16-ad71-3aa33bb4b7ed">Word</a> and
<a href="https://help.libreoffice.org/latest/en-US/text/shared/01/ref_pdf_export_general.html">LibreOffice</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="running-pandoc-as-a-web-server">Running pandoc as a web server</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you rename (or symlink) the pandoc executable to
<code>pandoc-server</code>, or if you call pandoc with <code>server</code> as the first
argument, it will start up a web server with a JSON API. This
server exposes most of the conversion functionality of pandoc. For
full documentation, see the <a href="https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/blob/master/doc/pandoc-server.md">pandoc-server</a> man page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you rename (or symlink) the pandoc executable to
<code>pandoc-server.cgi</code>, it will function as a CGI program
exposing the same API as <code>pandoc-server</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>pandoc-server</code> is designed to be maximally secure; it uses
Haskell’s type system to provide strong guarantees that no I/O
will be performed on the server during pandoc conversions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="running-pandoc-as-a-lua-interpreter">Running pandoc as a Lua interpreter</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Calling the pandoc executable under the name <code>pandoc-lua</code> or with
<code>lua</code> as the first argument will make it function as a standalone
Lua interpreter. The behavior is mostly identical to that of the
<a href="https://www.lua.org/manual/5.4/manual.html#7">standalone <code>lua</code> executable</a>, version 5.4.
All <code>pandoc.*</code> packages, as well as the packages <code>re</code> and <code>lpeg</code>,
are available via global variables. Furthermore, the globals
<code>PANDOC_VERSION</code>, <code>PANDOC_STATE</code>, and <code>PANDOC_API_VERSION</code> are
set at startup. For full documentation, see the <a href="https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/blob/master/doc/pandoc-lua.md">pandoc-lua</a> man page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="a-note-on-security">A note on security</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><p>Although pandoc itself will not create or modify any files other than those you explicitly ask it create (with the exception of temporary files used in producing PDFs), a filter or custom writer could in principle do anything on your file system. Please audit filters and custom writers very carefully before using them.</p></li><li><p>Several input formats (including LaTeX, Org, RST, and Typst) support <code>include</code> directives that allow the contents of a file to be included in the output. An untrusted attacker could use these to view the contents of files on the file system. (Using the <code>--sandbox</code> option can protect against this threat.)</p></li><li><p>Several output formats (including RTF, FB2, HTML with <code>--self-contained</code>, EPUB, Docx, and ODT) will embed encoded or raw images into the output file.  An untrusted attacker could exploit this to view the contents of non-image files on the file system.  (Using the <code>--sandbox</code> option can protect against this threat, but will also prevent including images in these formats.)</p></li><li><p>In reading HTML files, pandoc will attempt to include the contents of <code>iframe</code> elements by fetching content from the local file or URL specified by <code>src</code>. If untrusted HTML is processed on a server, this has the potential to reveal anything readable by the process running the server. Using the <code>-f html+raw_html</code> will mitigate this threat by causing the whole <code>iframe</code> to be parsed as a raw HTML block. Using <code>--sandbox</code> will also protect against the threat.</p></li><li><p>If your application uses pandoc as a Haskell library (rather than shelling out to the executable), it is possible to use it in a mode that fully isolates pandoc from your file system, by running the pandoc operations in the <code>PandocPure</code> monad. See the document <a href="https://pandoc.org/using-the-pandoc-api.html">Using the pandoc API</a> for more details. (This corresponds to the use of the <code>--sandbox</code> option on the command line.)</p></li><li><p>Pandoc’s parsers can exhibit pathological performance on some corner cases.  It is wise to put any pandoc operations under a timeout, to avoid DOS attacks that exploit these issues. If you are using the pandoc executable, you can add the command line options <code>+RTS -M512M -RTS</code> (for example) to limit the heap size to 512MB.  Note that the <code>commonmark</code> parser (including <code>commonmark_x</code> and <code>gfm</code>) is much less vulnerable to pathological performance than the <code>markdown</code> parser, so it is a better choice when processing untrusted input.</p></li><li><p>The HTML generated by pandoc is not guaranteed to be safe. If <code>raw_html</code> is enabled for the Markdown input, users can inject arbitrary HTML.  Even if <code>raw_html</code> is disabled, users can include dangerous content in URLs and attributes. To be safe, you should run all HTML generated from untrusted user input through an HTML sanitizer.</p></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="authors">Authors</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Copyright 2006–2024 John MacFarlane (jgm@berkeley.edu). Released
under the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" title="GNU General Public License">GPL</a>, version 2 or greater.  This software carries no
warranty of any kind.  (See COPYRIGHT for full copyright and
warranty notices.) For a full list of contributors, see the file
AUTHORS.md in the pandoc source code.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li id="fn-1"><p>The point of this rule is to ensure that normal paragraphs
starting with people’s initials, like</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>B. Russell won a Nobel Prize (but not for &quot;On Denoting&quot;).</code></pre><p>do not get treated as list items.</p><p>This rule will not prevent</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>(C) 2007 Joe Smith</code></pre><p>from being interpreted as a list item.  In this case, a backslash
escape can be used:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>(C\) 2007 Joe Smith</code></pre> <a href="#fnref-1" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-2"><p>I have been influenced by the suggestions of <a href="https://justatheory.com/2009/02/modest-markdown-proposal/">David
Wheeler</a>.</p> <a href="#fnref-2" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-3"><p>This scheme is due to Michel Fortin, who proposed it on the
<a href="http://six.pairlist.net/pipermail/markdown-discuss/2005-March/001097.html">Markdown discussion list</a>.</p> <a href="#fnref-3" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li><li id="fn-4"><p>Note that if <code>--file-scope</code> is used, a div written this way will be
given an identifier of the form <code>FILE__refs</code>, to avoid duplicate
identifiers (see <code>--file-scope</code>). In view of this possibility,
pandoc will place the bibliography in any div whose identifier is
<code>refs</code> <em>or</em> ends with <code>__refs</code>.</p> <a href="#fnref-4" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="synopsis">Synopsis</h1>
<p><code>pandoc</code> [<em>options</em>] [<em>input-file</em>]…</p>
<h1 id="description">Description</h1>
<p>Pandoc is a <a href="https://www.haskell.org">Haskell</a> library for converting from one markup format to another, and a command-line tool that uses this library.</p>
<p>Pandoc can convert between numerous markup and word processing formats, including, but not limited to, various flavors of <a href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Markdown</a>, <a href="https://www.w3.org/html/">HTML</a>, <a href="https://www.latex-project.org/">LaTeX</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_Open_XML">Word docx</a>. For the full lists of input and output formats, see the <code>--from</code> and <code>--to</code> <a href="#general-options">options below</a>. Pandoc can also produce <a href="https://www.adobe.com/pdf/">PDF</a> output: see <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a PDF</a>, below.</p>
<p>Pandoc’s enhanced version of Markdown includes syntax for <a href="#tables">tables</a>, <a href="#definition-lists">definition lists</a>, <a href="#metadata-blocks">metadata blocks</a>, <a href="#footnotes">footnotes</a>, <a href="#citations">citations</a>, <a href="#math">math</a>, and much more.  See below under [Pandoc’s Markdown].</p>
<p>Pandoc has a modular design: it consists of a set of readers, which parse text in a given format and produce a native representation of the document (an <em>abstract syntax tree</em> or AST), and a set of writers, which convert this native representation into a target format. Thus, adding an input or output format requires only adding a reader or writer. Users can also run custom <a href="https://pandoc.org/filters.html">pandoc filters</a> to modify the intermediate AST.</p>
<p>Because pandoc’s intermediate representation of a document is less expressive than many of the formats it converts between, one should not expect perfect conversions between every format and every other. Pandoc attempts to preserve the structural elements of a document, but not formatting details such as margin size.  And some document elements, such as complex tables, may not fit into pandoc’s simple document model.  While conversions from pandoc’s Markdown to all formats aspire to be perfect, conversions from formats more expressive than pandoc’s Markdown can be expected to be lossy.</p>
<h2 id="using-pandoc">Using pandoc</h2>
<p>If no <em>input-files</em> are specified, input is read from <em>stdin</em>. Output goes to <em>stdout</em> by default. For output to a file, use the <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> option:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -o output.html input.txt</code></pre>
<p>By default, pandoc produces a document fragment. To produce a standalone document (e.g. a valid HTML file including <code>&lt;head&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;body&gt;</code>), use the <code>-s</code> or <code>--standalone</code> flag:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -s -o output.html input.txt</code></pre>
<p>For more information on how standalone documents are produced, see <a href="#templates">Templates</a> below.</p>
<p>If multiple input files are given, pandoc will concatenate them all (with blank lines between them) before parsing. (Use <code>--file-scope</code> to parse files individually.)</p>
<h2 id="specifying-formats">Specifying formats</h2>
<p>The format of the input and output can be specified explicitly using command-line options.  The input format can be specified using the <code>-f/--from</code> option, the output format using the <code>-t/--to</code> option. Thus, to convert <code>hello.txt</code> from Markdown to LaTeX, you could type:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f markdown -t latex hello.txt</code></pre>
<p>To convert <code>hello.html</code> from HTML to Markdown:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f html -t markdown hello.html</code></pre>
<p>Supported input and output formats are listed below under <a href="#options">Options</a> (see <code>-f</code> for input formats and <code>-t</code> for output formats).  You can also use <code>pandoc --list-input-formats</code> and <code>pandoc --list-output-formats</code> to print lists of supported formats.</p>
<p>If the input or output format is not specified explicitly, pandoc will attempt to guess it from the extensions of the filenames. Thus, for example,</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -o hello.tex hello.txt</code></pre>
<p>will convert <code>hello.txt</code> from Markdown to LaTeX.  If no output file is specified (so that output goes to <em>stdout</em>), or if the output file’s extension is unknown, the output format will default to HTML. If no input file is specified (so that input comes from <em>stdin</em>), or if the input files’ extensions are unknown, the input format will be assumed to be Markdown.</p>
<h2 id="character-encoding">Character encoding</h2>
<p>Pandoc uses the UTF-8 character encoding for both input and output. If your local character encoding is not UTF-8, you should pipe input and output through <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"><code>iconv</code></a>:</p>
<pre><code>iconv -t utf-8 input.txt | pandoc | iconv -f utf-8</code></pre>
<p>Note that in some output formats (such as HTML, LaTeX, ConTeXt, RTF, OPML, DocBook, and Texinfo), information about the character encoding is included in the document header, which will only be included if you use the <code>-s/--standalone</code> option.</p>
<h2 id="creating-a-pdf">Creating a PDF</h2>
<p>To produce a PDF, specify an output file with a <code>.pdf</code> extension:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc test.txt -o test.pdf</code></pre>
<p>By default, pandoc will use LaTeX to create the PDF, which requires that a LaTeX engine be installed (see <code>--pdf-engine</code> below). Alternatively, pandoc can use ConTeXt, roff ms, or HTML as an intermediate format.  To do this, specify an output file with a <code>.pdf</code> extension, as before, but add the <code>--pdf-engine</code> option or <code>-t context</code>, <code>-t html</code>, or <code>-t ms</code> to the command line. The tool used to generate the PDF from the intermediate format may be specified using <code>--pdf-engine</code>.</p>
<p>You can control the PDF style using variables, depending on the intermediate format used: see <a href="#variables-for-latex">variables for LaTeX</a>, <a href="#variables-for-context">variables for ConTeXt</a>, [variables for <code>wkhtmltopdf</code>], <a href="#variables-for-ms">variables for ms</a>.  When HTML is used as an intermediate format, the output can be styled using <code>--css</code>.</p>
<p>To debug the PDF creation, it can be useful to look at the intermediate representation: instead of <code>-o test.pdf</code>, use for example <code>-s -o test.tex</code> to output the generated LaTeX. You can then test it with <code>pdflatex test.tex</code>.</p>
<p>When using LaTeX, the following packages need to be available (they are included with all recent versions of <a href="https://www.tug.org/texlive/">TeX Live</a>): <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/amsfonts"><code>amsfonts</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/amsmath"><code>amsmath</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/lm"><code>lm</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/unicode-math"><code>unicode-math</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/iftex"><code>iftex</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/listings"><code>listings</code></a> (if the <code>--listings</code> option is used), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fancyvrb"><code>fancyvrb</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/longtable"><code>longtable</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/booktabs"><code>booktabs</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/multirow"><code>multirow</code></a> (if the document contains a table with cells that cross multiple rows), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/graphicx"><code>graphicx</code></a> (if the document contains images), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bookmark"><code>bookmark</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xcolor"><code>xcolor</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/soul"><code>soul</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/geometry"><code>geometry</code></a> (with the <code>geometry</code> variable set), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/setspace"><code>setspace</code></a> (with <code>linestretch</code>), and <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/babel"><code>babel</code></a> (with <code>lang</code>).  If <code>CJKmainfont</code> is set, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xecjk"><code>xeCJK</code></a> is needed if <code>xelatex</code> is used, else <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/luatexja"><code>luatexja</code></a> is needed if <code>lualatex</code> is used. <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/framed"><code>framed</code></a> is required if code is highlighted in a scheme that use a colored background. The use of <code>xelatex</code> or <code>lualatex</code> as the PDF engine requires <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fontspec"><code>fontspec</code></a>. <code>lualatex</code> uses <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/selnolig"><code>selnolig</code></a> and <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/lua-ul"><code>lua-ul</code></a>. <code>xelatex</code> uses <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bidi"><code>bidi</code></a> (with the <code>dir</code> variable set). If the <code>mathspec</code> variable is set, <code>xelatex</code> will use <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/mathspec"><code>mathspec</code></a> instead of <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/unicode-math"><code>unicode-math</code></a>.  The <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/csquotes"><code>csquotes</code></a> package will be used for <a href="#typography">typography</a> if the <code>csquotes</code> variable or metadata field is set to a true value.  The <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/natbib"><code>natbib</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex"><code>biblatex</code></a>, <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bibtex"><code>bibtex</code></a>, and <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biber"><code>biber</code></a> packages can optionally be used for <a href="#citation-rendering">citation rendering</a>.  If math with <code>\cancel</code>, <code>\bcancel</code>, or <code>\xcancel</code> is used, the <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/cancel"><code>cancel</code></a> package is needed. The following packages will be used to improve output quality if present, but pandoc does not require them to be present: <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/upquote"><code>upquote</code></a> (for straight quotes in verbatim environments), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/microtype"><code>microtype</code></a> (for better spacing adjustments), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/parskip"><code>parskip</code></a> (for better inter-paragraph spaces), <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xurl"><code>xurl</code></a> (for better line breaks in URLs), and <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/footnotehyper"><code>footnotehyper</code></a> or <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/footnote"><code>footnote</code></a> (to allow footnotes in tables).</p>
<h2 id="reading-from-the-web">Reading from the Web</h2>
<p>Instead of an input file, an absolute URI may be given. In this case pandoc will fetch the content using HTTP:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f html -t markdown https://www.fsf.org</code></pre>
<p>It is possible to supply a custom User-Agent string or other header when requesting a document from a URL:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f html -t markdown --request-header User-Agent:&quot;Mozilla/5.0&quot; \
  https://www.fsf.org</code></pre>
<h1 id="options">Options</h1>
<h2 id="general-options" class="options">General options</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>-f</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>-r</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>--from=</code><em>FORMAT</em>, <code>--read=</code><em>FORMAT</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify input format.  <em>FORMAT</em> can be:</p>
<div id="input-formats">
<ul>
<li><code>asciidoc</code> ([AsciiDoc] markup)</li>
<li><code>bibtex</code> ([BibTeX] bibliography)</li>
<li><code>biblatex</code> ([BibLaTeX] bibliography)</li>
<li><code>bits</code> ([BITS] XML, alias for <code>jats</code>)</li>
<li><code>commonmark</code> ([CommonMark] Markdown)</li>
<li><code>commonmark_x</code> ([CommonMark] Markdown with extensions)</li>
<li><code>creole</code> ([Creole 1.0])</li>
<li><code>csljson</code> ([CSL JSON] bibliography)</li>
<li><code>csv</code> ([CSV] table)</li>
<li><code>tsv</code> ([TSV] table)</li>
<li><code>djot</code> ([Djot markup])</li>
<li><code>docbook</code> ([DocBook])</li>
<li><code>docx</code> ([Word docx])</li>
<li><code>dokuwiki</code> ([DokuWiki markup])</li>
<li><code>endnotexml</code> ([EndNote XML bibliography])</li>
<li><code>epub</code> ([EPUB])</li>
<li><code>fb2</code> ([FictionBook2] e-book)</li>
<li><code>gfm</code> ([GitHub-Flavored Markdown]), or the deprecated and less accurate <code>markdown_github</code>; use <a href="#markdown-variants"><code>markdown_github</code></a> only if you need extensions not supported in <a href="#markdown-variants"><code>gfm</code></a>.</li>
<li><code>haddock</code> ([Haddock markup])</li>
<li><code>html</code> ([HTML])</li>
<li><code>ipynb</code> ([Jupyter notebook])</li>
<li><code>jats</code> ([JATS] XML)</li>
<li><code>jira</code> ([Jira]/Confluence wiki markup)</li>
<li><code>json</code> (JSON version of native AST)</li>
<li><code>latex</code> ([LaTeX])</li>
<li><code>markdown</code> ([Pandoc’s Markdown])</li>
<li><code>markdown_mmd</code> ([MultiMarkdown])</li>
<li><code>markdown_phpextra</code> ([PHP Markdown Extra])</li>
<li><code>markdown_strict</code> (original unextended [Markdown])</li>
<li><code>mediawiki</code> ([MediaWiki markup])</li>
<li><code>man</code> ([roff man])</li>
<li><code>mdoc</code> ([mdoc] manual page markup)</li>
<li><code>muse</code> ([Muse])</li>
<li><code>native</code> (native Haskell)</li>
<li><code>odt</code> ([OpenDocument text document][ODT])</li>
<li><code>opml</code> ([OPML])</li>
<li><code>org</code> ([Emacs Org mode])</li>
<li><code>pod</code> (Perl’s [Plain Old Documentation])</li>
<li><code>pptx</code> ([PowerPoint])</li>
<li><code>ris</code> ([RIS] bibliography)</li>
<li><code>rtf</code> ([Rich Text Format])</li>
<li><code>rst</code> ([reStructuredText])</li>
<li><code>t2t</code> ([txt2tags])</li>
<li><code>textile</code> ([Textile])</li>
<li><code>tikiwiki</code> ([TikiWiki markup])</li>
<li><code>twiki</code> ([TWiki markup])</li>
<li><code>typst</code> ([typst])</li>
<li><code>vimwiki</code> ([Vimwiki])</li>
<li><code>xlsx</code> ([Excel spreadsheet][XLSX])</li>
<li><code>xml</code> (XML version of native AST)</li>
<li>the path of a custom Lua reader, see [Custom readers and writers] below</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>Extensions can be individually enabled or disabled by appending <code>+EXTENSION</code> or <code>-EXTENSION</code> to the format name. See [Extensions] below, for a list of extensions and their names.  See <code>--list-input-formats</code> and <code>--list-extensions</code>, below.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-t</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>-w</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>--to=</code><em>FORMAT</em>, <code>--write=</code><em>FORMAT</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify output format.  <em>FORMAT</em> can be:</p>
<div id="output-formats">
<ul>
<li><code>ansi</code> (text with [ANSI escape codes], for terminal viewing)</li>
<li><code>asciidoc</code> (modern [AsciiDoc] as interpreted by [AsciiDoctor])</li>
<li><code>asciidoc_legacy</code> ([AsciiDoc] as interpreted by [<code>asciidoc-py</code>]).</li>
<li><code>asciidoctor</code> (deprecated synonym for <code>asciidoc</code>)</li>
<li><code>bbcode</code> [BBCode]</li>
<li><code>bbcode_fluxbb</code> [BBCode (FluxBB)]</li>
<li><code>bbcode_phpbb</code> [BBCode (phpBB)]</li>
<li><code>bbcode_steam</code> [BBCode (Steam)]</li>
<li><code>bbcode_hubzilla</code> [BBCode (Hubzilla)]</li>
<li><code>bbcode_xenforo</code> [BBCode (xenForo)]</li>
<li><code>beamer</code> ([LaTeX beamer][<code>beamer</code>] slide show)</li>
<li><code>bibtex</code> ([BibTeX] bibliography)</li>
<li><code>biblatex</code> ([BibLaTeX] bibliography)</li>
<li><code>chunkedhtml</code> (zip archive of multiple linked HTML files)</li>
<li><code>commonmark</code> ([CommonMark] Markdown)</li>
<li><code>commonmark_x</code> ([CommonMark] Markdown with extensions)</li>
<li><code>context</code> ([ConTeXt])</li>
<li><code>csljson</code> ([CSL JSON] bibliography)</li>
<li><code>djot</code> ([Djot markup])</li>
<li><code>docbook</code> or <code>docbook4</code> ([DocBook] 4)</li>
<li><code>docbook5</code> (DocBook 5)</li>
<li><code>docx</code> ([Word docx])</li>
<li><code>dokuwiki</code> ([DokuWiki markup])</li>
<li><code>epub</code> or <code>epub3</code> ([EPUB] v3 book)</li>
<li><code>epub2</code> (EPUB v2)</li>
<li><code>fb2</code> ([FictionBook2] e-book)</li>
<li><code>gfm</code> ([GitHub-Flavored Markdown]), or the deprecated and less accurate <code>markdown_github</code>; use <a href="#markdown-variants"><code>markdown_github</code></a> only if you need extensions not supported in <a href="#markdown-variants"><code>gfm</code></a>.</li>
<li><code>haddock</code> ([Haddock markup])</li>
<li><code>html</code> or <code>html5</code> ([HTML], i.e. [HTML5]/XHTML [polyglot markup])</li>
<li><code>html4</code> ([XHTML] 1.0 Transitional)</li>
<li><code>icml</code> ([InDesign ICML])</li>
<li><code>ipynb</code> ([Jupyter notebook])</li>
<li><code>jats_archiving</code> ([JATS] XML, Archiving and Interchange Tag Set)</li>
<li><code>jats_articleauthoring</code> ([JATS] XML, Article Authoring Tag Set)</li>
<li><code>jats_publishing</code> ([JATS] XML, Journal Publishing Tag Set)</li>
<li><code>jats</code> (alias for <code>jats_archiving</code>)</li>
<li><code>jira</code> ([Jira]/Confluence wiki markup)</li>
<li><code>json</code> (JSON version of native AST)</li>
<li><code>latex</code> ([LaTeX])</li>
<li><code>man</code> ([roff man])</li>
<li><code>markdown</code> ([Pandoc’s Markdown])</li>
<li><code>markdown_mmd</code> ([MultiMarkdown])</li>
<li><code>markdown_phpextra</code> ([PHP Markdown Extra])</li>
<li><code>markdown_strict</code> (original unextended [Markdown])</li>
<li><code>markua</code> ([Markua])</li>
<li><code>mediawiki</code> ([MediaWiki markup])</li>
<li><code>ms</code> ([roff ms])</li>
<li><code>muse</code> ([Muse])</li>
<li><code>native</code> (native Haskell)</li>
<li><code>odt</code> ([OpenDocument text document][ODT])</li>
<li><code>opml</code> ([OPML])</li>
<li><code>opendocument</code> ([OpenDocument XML])</li>
<li><code>org</code> ([Emacs Org mode])</li>
<li><code>pdf</code> ([PDF])</li>
<li><code>plain</code> (plain text)</li>
<li><code>pptx</code> ([PowerPoint] slide show)</li>
<li><code>rst</code> ([reStructuredText])</li>
<li><code>rtf</code> ([Rich Text Format])</li>
<li><code>texinfo</code> ([GNU Texinfo])</li>
<li><code>textile</code> ([Textile])</li>
<li><code>slideous</code> ([Slideous] HTML and JavaScript slide show)</li>
<li><code>slidy</code> ([Slidy] HTML and JavaScript slide show)</li>
<li><code>dzslides</code> ([DZSlides] HTML5 + JavaScript slide show)</li>
<li><code>revealjs</code> ([reveal.js] HTML5 + JavaScript slide show)</li>
<li><code>s5</code> ([S5] HTML and JavaScript slide show)</li>
<li><code>tei</code> ([TEI Simple])</li>
<li><code>typst</code> ([typst])</li>
<li><code>vimdoc</code> ([Vimdoc])</li>
<li><code>xml</code> (XML version of native AST)</li>
<li><code>xwiki</code> ([XWiki markup])</li>
<li><code>zimwiki</code> ([ZimWiki markup])</li>
<li>the path of a custom Lua writer, see [Custom readers and writers] below</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>Note that <code>odt</code>, <code>docx</code>, <code>epub</code>, and <code>pdf</code> output will not be directed to <em>stdout</em> unless forced with <code>-o -</code>.</p>
<p>Extensions can be individually enabled or disabled by appending <code>+EXTENSION</code> or <code>-EXTENSION</code> to the format name.  See [Extensions] below, for a list of extensions and their names.  See <code>--list-output-formats</code> and <code>--list-extensions</code>, below.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-o</code> <em>FILE</em>, <code>--output=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Write output to <em>FILE</em> instead of <em>stdout</em>.  If <em>FILE</em> is</p>
<p><code>-</code>, output will go to <em>stdout</em>, even if a non-textual format (<code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>, <code>epub2</code>, <code>epub3</code>) is specified.  If the output format is <code>chunkedhtml</code> and <em>FILE</em> has no extension, then instead of producing a <code>.zip</code> file pandoc will create a directory <em>FILE</em> and unpack the zip archive there (unless <em>FILE</em> already exists, in which case an error will be raised).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--data-dir=</code><em>DIRECTORY</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the user data directory to search for pandoc data files.</p>
<p>If this option is not specified, the default user data directory will be used.  On *nix and macOS systems this will be the <code>pandoc</code> subdirectory of the XDG data directory (by default, <code>$HOME/.local/share</code>, overridable by setting the <code>XDG_DATA_HOME</code> environment variable).  If that directory does not exist and <code>$HOME/.pandoc</code> exists, it will be used (for backwards compatibility). On Windows the default user data directory is <code>%APPDATA%\pandoc</code>. You can find the default user data directory on your system by looking at the output of <code>pandoc --version</code>. Data files placed in this directory (for example, <code>reference.odt</code>, <code>reference.docx</code>, <code>epub.css</code>, <code>templates</code>) will override pandoc’s normal defaults.  (Note that the user data directory is not created by pandoc, so you will need to create it yourself if you want to make use of it.)</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-d</code> <em>FILE</em>, <code>--defaults=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a set of default option settings.  <em>FILE</em> is a YAML or JSON</p>
<p>file whose fields correspond to command-line option settings.  All options for document conversion, including input and output files, can be set using a defaults file.  The file will be searched for first in the working directory, and then in the <code>defaults</code> subdirectory of the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>).  The <code>.yaml</code> extension will be added if <em>FILE</em> lacs an extension. See the section [Defaults files] for more information on the file format. Settings from the defaults file may be overridden or extended by subsequent options on the command line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--bash-completion</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Generate a bash completion script.  To enable bash completion</p>
<p>with pandoc, add this to your <code>.bashrc</code>:</p>
<pre><code>eval &quot;$(pandoc --bash-completion)&quot;</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>--sandbox[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Run pandoc in a sandbox, limiting IO operations in readers</p>
<p>and writers to reading the files specified on the command line. Note that this option does not limit IO operations by filters or in the production of PDF documents.  But it does offer security against, for example, disclosure of files through the use of <code>include</code> directives.  Anyone using pandoc on untrusted user input should use this option.</p>
<p>Note: some readers and writers (e.g., <code>docx</code>) need access to data files.  If these are stored on the file system, then pandoc will not be able to find them when run in <code>--sandbox</code> mode and will raise an error. For these applications, we recommend using a pandoc binary compiled with the <code>embed_data_files</code> option, which causes the data files to be baked into the binary instead of being stored on the file system.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--verbose</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Give verbose debugging output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--quiet</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Suppress warning messages.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--fail-if-warnings[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Exit with error status if there are any warnings.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--log=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Write log messages in machine-readable JSON format to</p>
<p><em>FILE</em>.  All messages above DEBUG level will be written, regardless of verbosity settings (<code>--verbose</code>, <code>--quiet</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-input-formats</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>List supported input formats, one per line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-output-formats</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>List supported output formats, one per line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-extensions</code>[<code>=</code><em>FORMAT</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>List supported extensions for <em>FORMAT</em>, one per line, preceded</p>
<p>by a <code>+</code> or <code>-</code> indicating whether it is enabled by default in <em>FORMAT</em>. If <em>FORMAT</em> is not specified, defaults for pandoc’s Markdown are given.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-highlight-languages</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>List supported languages for syntax highlighting, one per</p>
<p>line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-highlight-styles</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>List supported styles for syntax highlighting, one per line.</p>
<p>See <code>--syntax-highlighting</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-v</code>, <code>--version</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print version.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-h</code>, <code>--help</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Show usage message.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="reader-options" class="options">Reader options</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>--shift-heading-level-by=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Shift heading levels by a positive or negative integer.</p>
<p>For example, with <code>--shift-heading-level-by=-1</code>, level 2 headings become level 1 headings, and level 3 headings become level 2 headings.  Headings cannot have a level less than 1, so a heading that would be shifted below level 1 becomes a regular paragraph.  Exception: with a shift of -N, a level-N heading at the beginning of the document replaces the metadata title. <code>--shift-heading-level-by=-1</code> is a good choice when converting HTML or Markdown documents that use an initial level-1 heading for the document title and level-2+ headings for sections. <code>--shift-heading-level-by=1</code> may be a good choice for converting Markdown documents that use level-1 headings for sections to HTML, since pandoc uses a level-1 heading to render the document title.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--base-header-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>*Deprecated.  Use <code>--shift-heading-level-by</code>=X instead,</p>
<p>where X = NUMBER - 1.* Specify the base level for headings (defaults to 1).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--indented-code-classes=</code><em>CLASSES</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify classes to use for indented code blocks—for example,</p>
<p><code>perl,numberLines</code> or <code>haskell</code>. Multiple classes may be separated by spaces or commas.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--default-image-extension=</code><em>EXTENSION</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a default extension to use when image paths/URLs have no</p>
<p>extension.  This allows you to use the same source for formats that require different kinds of images.  Currently this option only affects the Markdown and LaTeX readers.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--file-scope[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Parse each file individually before combining for multifile</p>
<p>documents. This will allow footnotes in different files with the same identifiers to work as expected. If this option is set, footnotes and links will not work across files. Reading binary files (docx, odt, epub) implies <code>--file-scope</code>.</p>
<p>If two or more files are processed using <code>--file-scope</code>, prefixes based on the filenames will be added to identifiers in order to disambiguate them, and internal links will be adjusted accordingly.  For example, a header with identifier <code>foo</code> in <code>subdir/file1.txt</code> will have its identifier changed to <code>subdir__file1.txt__foo</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-F</code> <em>PROGRAM</em>, <code>--filter=</code><em>PROGRAM</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify an executable to be used as a filter transforming the</p>
<p>pandoc AST after the input is parsed and before the output is written.  The executable should read JSON from stdin and write JSON to stdout.  The JSON must be formatted like  pandoc’s own JSON input and output.  The name of the output format will be passed to the filter as the first argument.  Hence,</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --filter ./caps.py -t latex</code></pre>
<p>is equivalent to</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t json | ./caps.py latex | pandoc -f json -t latex</code></pre>
<p>The latter form may be useful for debugging filters.</p>
<p>Filters may be written in any language.  <code>Text.Pandoc.JSON</code> exports <code>toJSONFilter</code> to facilitate writing filters in Haskell. Those who would prefer to write filters in python can use the module [<code>pandocfilters</code>], installable from PyPI. There are also pandoc filter libraries in [PHP], [perl], and [JavaScript/node.js].</p>
<p>In order of preference, pandoc will look for filters in</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>a specified full or relative path (executable or non-executable),</p></li>
<li><p><code>$DATADIR/filters</code> (executable or non-executable) where <code>$DATADIR</code> is the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>, above),</p></li>
<li><p><code>$PATH</code> (executable only).</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Filters, Lua-filters, and citeproc processing are applied in the order specified on the command line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-L</code> <em>SCRIPT</em>, <code>--lua-filter=</code><em>SCRIPT</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Transform the document in a similar fashion as JSON filters (see</p>
<p><code>--filter</code>), but use pandoc’s built-in Lua filtering system.  The given Lua script is expected to return a list of Lua filters which will be applied in order.  Each Lua filter must contain element-transforming functions indexed by the name of the AST element on which the filter function should be applied.</p>
<p>The <code>pandoc</code> Lua module provides helper functions for element creation.  It is always loaded into the script’s Lua environment.</p>
<p>See the [Lua filters documentation] for further details.</p>
<p>In order of preference, pandoc will look for Lua filters in</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>a specified full or relative path,</p></li>
<li><p><code>$DATADIR/filters</code> where <code>$DATADIR</code> is the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>, above).</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Filters, Lua filters, and citeproc processing are applied in the order specified on the command line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-M</code> <em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>], <code>--metadata=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>:</code><em>VAL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the metadata field <em>KEY</em> to the value <em>VAL</em>.  A value specified</p>
<p>on the command line overrides a value specified in the document using [YAML metadata blocks][Extension: <code>yaml_metadata_block</code>]. Values will be parsed as YAML boolean or string values. If no value is specified, the value will be treated as Boolean true.  Like <code>--variable</code>, <code>--metadata</code> causes template variables to be set. But unlike <code>--variable</code>, <code>--metadata</code> affects the metadata of the underlying document (which is accessible from filters and may be printed in some output formats) and metadata values will be escaped when inserted into the template.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--metadata-file=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Read metadata from the supplied YAML (or JSON) file. This</p>
<p>option can be used with every input format, but string scalars in the metadata file will always be parsed as Markdown. (If the input format is Markdown or a Markdown variant, then the same variant will be used to parse the metadata file; if it is a non-Markdown format, pandoc’s default Markdown extensions will be used.) This option can be used repeatedly to include multiple metadata files; values in files specified later on the command line will be preferred over those specified in earlier files. Metadata values specified inside the document, or by using <code>-M</code>, overwrite values specified with this option. The file will be searched for first in the working directory, and then in the <code>metadata</code> subdirectory of the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-p</code>, <code>--preserve-tabs[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Preserve tabs instead of converting them to spaces. (By default, pandoc</p>
<p>converts tabs to spaces before parsing its input.)  Note that this will only affect tabs in literal code spans and code blocks. Tabs in regular text are always treated as spaces.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--tab-stop=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the number of spaces per tab (default is 4).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--track-changes=accept</code>|<code>reject</code>|<code>all</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specifies what to do with insertions, deletions, and comments</p>
<p>produced by the MS Word “Track Changes” feature.  <code>accept</code> (the default) processes all the insertions and deletions. <code>reject</code> ignores them.  Both <code>accept</code> and <code>reject</code> ignore comments. <code>all</code> includes all insertions, deletions, and comments, wrapped in spans with <code>insertion</code>, <code>deletion</code>, <code>comment-start</code>, and <code>comment-end</code> classes, respectively. The author and time of change is included. <code>all</code> is useful for scripting: only accepting changes from a certain reviewer, say, or before a certain date. If a paragraph is inserted or deleted, <code>track-changes=all</code> produces a span with the class <code>paragraph-insertion</code>/<code>paragraph-deletion</code> before the affected paragraph break. This option only affects the docx reader.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--extract-media=</code><em>DIR</em>|<em>FILE</em><code>.zip</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Extract images and other media contained in or linked from</p>
<p>the source document to the path <em>DIR</em>, creating it if necessary, and adjust the images references in the document so they point to the extracted files.  Media are downloaded, read from the file system, or extracted from a binary container (e.g. docx), as needed.  The original file paths are used if they are relative paths not containing <code>..</code>. Otherwise filenames are constructed from the SHA1 hash of the contents.</p>
<p>If the path given ends in <code>.zip</code>, then instead of creating a directory, pandoc will create a zip archive containing the media files.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--abbreviations=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specifies a custom abbreviations file, with abbreviations</p>
<p>one to a line.  If this option is not specified, pandoc will read the data file <code>abbreviations</code> from the user data directory or fall back on a system default.  To see the system default, use <code>pandoc --print-default-data-file=abbreviations</code>.  The only use pandoc makes of this list is in the Markdown reader. Strings found in this list will be followed by a nonbreaking space, and the period will not produce sentence-ending space in formats like LaTeX.  The strings may not contain spaces.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--typst-input=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Set a parameter value that will be made available to the typst</p>
<p>parser in <code>sys.inputs</code>, like <code>--input</code> in the <code>typst</code> CLI. Either <code>:</code> or <code>=</code> may be used to separate <em>KEY</em> from <em>VAL</em>. Values containing spaces must be quoted.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--trace[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print diagnostic output tracing parser progress to stderr.</p>
<p>This option is intended for use by developers in diagnosing performance issues.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="general-writer-options" class="options">General writer options</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>-s</code>, <code>--standalone</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Produce output with an appropriate header and footer (e.g. a</p>
<p>standalone HTML, LaTeX, TEI, or RTF file, not a fragment).  This option is set automatically for <code>pdf</code>, <code>epub</code>, <code>epub3</code>, <code>fb2</code>, <code>docx</code>, and <code>odt</code> output.  For <code>native</code> output, this option causes metadata to be included; otherwise, metadata is suppressed.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--template=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the specified file as a custom template for the generated document.</p>
<p>Implies <code>--standalone</code>. See [Templates], below, for a description of template syntax. If the template is not found, pandoc will search for it in the <code>templates</code> subdirectory of the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>). If no extension is specified and an extensionless template is not found, pandoc will look for a template with an extension corresponding to the writer, so that <code>--template=special</code> looks for <code>special.html</code> for HTML output. If this option is not used, a default template appropriate for the output format will be used (see <code>-D/--print-default-template</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-V</code> <em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>], <code>--variable=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the template variable <em>KEY</em> to the string value <em>VAL</em> when rendering</p>
<p>the document in standalone mode. Either <code>:</code> or <code>=</code> may be used to separate <em>KEY</em> from <em>VAL</em>. If no <em>VAL</em> is specified, the key will be given the value <code>true</code>.  Structured values (lists, maps) cannot be assigned using this option, but they can be assigned in the <code>variables</code> section of a [defaults file][Defaults files] or using the <code>--variable-json</code> option. If the variable already has a <em>list</em> value, the value will be added to the list. If it already has another kind of value, it will be made into a list containing the previous and the new value. For example, <code>-V author=Joe -V author=Sue</code> makes <code>author</code> contain a list of strings: <code>Joe</code> and <code>Sue</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--variable-json=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>JSON</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the template variable <em>KEY</em> to the value specified by a JSON</p>
<p>string (this may be a boolean, a string, a list, or a mapping; a number will be treated as a string). For example, <code>--variable-json foo=false</code> will give <code>foo</code> the boolean false value, while <code>--variable-json foo=&#039;&quot;false&quot;&#039;</code> will give it the string value <code>&quot;false&quot;</code>. Either <code>:</code> or <code>=</code> may be used to separate <em>KEY</em> from <em>VAL</em>. If the variable already has a value, this value will be replaced.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-D</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>--print-default-template=</code><em>FORMAT</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print the system default template for an output <em>FORMAT</em>. (See <code>-t</code></p>
<p>for a list of possible <em>FORMAT</em>s.)  Templates in the user data directory are ignored.  This option may be used with <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> to redirect output to a file, but <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> must come before <code>--print-default-template</code> on the command line.</p>
<p>Note that some of the default templates use partials, for example <code>styles.html</code>.  To print the partials, use <code>--print-default-data-file</code>: for example, <code>--print-default-data-file=templates/styles.html</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--print-default-data-file=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print a system default data file.  Files in the user data directory</p>
<p>are ignored.  This option may be used with <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> to redirect output to a file, but <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> must come before <code>--print-default-data-file</code> on the command line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--eol=crlf</code>|<code>lf</code>|<code>native</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Manually specify line endings: <code>crlf</code> (Windows), <code>lf</code></p>
<p>(macOS/Linux/UNIX), or <code>native</code> (line endings appropriate to the OS on which pandoc is being run).  The default is <code>native</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--dpi</code>=<em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the default dpi (dots per inch) value for conversion</p>
<p>from pixels to inch/centimeters and vice versa. (Technically, the correct term would be ppi: pixels per inch.) The default is 96dpi.   When images contain information about dpi internally, the encoded value is used instead of the default specified by this option.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--wrap=auto</code>|<code>none</code>|<code>preserve</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Determine how text is wrapped in the output (the source</p>
<p>code, not the rendered version).  With <code>auto</code> (the default), pandoc will attempt to wrap lines to the column width specified by <code>--columns</code> (default 72).  With <code>none</code>, pandoc will not wrap lines at all.  With <code>preserve</code>, pandoc will attempt to preserve the wrapping from the source document (that is, where there are nonsemantic newlines in the source, there will be nonsemantic newlines in the output as well). In <code>ipynb</code> output, this option affects wrapping of the contents of Markdown cells.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--columns=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify length of lines in characters.  This affects text wrapping</p>
<p>in the generated source code (see <code>--wrap</code>).  It also affects calculation of column widths for plain text tables (see [Tables] below).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--toc[=true|false]</code>, <code>--table-of-contents[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include an automatically generated table of contents (or, in</p>
<p>the case of <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, <code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>, <code>rst</code>, or <code>ms</code>, an instruction to create one) in the output document. This option has no effect unless <code>-s/--standalone</code> is used, and it has no effect on <code>man</code>, <code>docbook4</code>, <code>docbook5</code>, or <code>jats</code> output.</p>
<p>Note that if you are producing a PDF via <code>ms</code> and using (the default) <code>groff</code> as a <code>--pdf-engine</code>, the table of contents will appear at the end of the document. If you would prefer it to be at the beginning of the document, before the title, you can use <code>--pdf-engine=pdfroff</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--toc-depth=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the number of section levels to include in the table</p>
<p>of contents.  The default is 3 (which means that level-1, 2, and 3 headings will be listed in the contents).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--lof[=true|false]</code>, <code>--list-of-figures[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include an automatically generated list of figures (or, in</p>
<p>some formats, an instruction to create one) in the output document. This option has no effect unless <code>-s/--standalone</code> is used, and it only has an effect on <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, and <code>docx</code> output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--lot[=true|false]</code>, <code>--list-of-tables[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include an automatically generated list of tables (or, in</p>
<p>some formats, an instruction to create one) in the output document. This option has no effect unless <code>-s/--standalone</code> is used, and it only has an effect on <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, and <code>docx</code> output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--strip-comments[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Strip out HTML comments in the Markdown or Textile source,</p>
<p>rather than passing them on to Markdown, Textile or HTML output as raw HTML.  This does not apply to HTML comments inside raw HTML blocks when the <code>markdown_in_html_blocks</code> extension is not set.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--syntax-highlighting=default|none|idiomatic|</code><em>STYLE</em><code>|</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>The method to use for code syntax highlighting. Setting a</p>
<p>specific <em>STYLE</em> causes highlighting to be performed with the internal highlighting engine, using KDE syntax definitions and styles. The <code>idiomatic</code> method uses a format-specific highlighter if one is available, or the default style if the target format has no idiomatic highlighting method. Setting this option to <code>none</code> disables all syntax highlighting. The <code>default</code> method uses a format-specific default.</p>
<p>The default for HTML, EPUB, Docx, Ms, Man, and LaTeX output is to use the internal highlighter with the default style; for Typst it is to use Typst’s own syntax highlighting system.</p>
<p>Style options are <code>pygments</code> (the default), <code>kate</code>, <code>monochrome</code>, <code>breezeDark</code>, <code>espresso</code>, <code>zenburn</code>, <code>haddock</code>, and <code>tango</code>. For more information on syntax highlighting in pandoc, see [Syntax highlighting], below. See also <code>--list-highlight-styles</code>.</p>
<p>Instead of a <em>STYLE</em> name, a JSON file with extension <code>.theme</code> may be supplied.  This will be parsed as a KDE syntax highlighting theme and (if valid) used as the highlighting style.</p>
<p>To generate the JSON version of an existing style, use <code>--print-highlight-style</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--no-highlight</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><em>Deprecated, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=none</code> instead.</em></p>
<p>Disables syntax highlighting for code blocks and inlines, even when a language attribute is given.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--highlight-style=</code><em>STYLE</em>|<em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p><em>Deprecated, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=</code><em>STYLE</em>|<em>FILE</em> instead.</em></p>
<p>Specifies the coloring style to be used in highlighted source code.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--print-highlight-style=</code><em>STYLE</em>|<em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Prints a JSON version of a highlighting style, which can</p>
<p>be modified, saved with a <code>.theme</code> extension, and used with <code>--syntax-highlighting</code>.  This option may be used with <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> to redirect output to a file, but <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> must come before <code>--print-highlight-style</code> on the command line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--syntax-definition=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Instructs pandoc to load a KDE XML syntax definition file,</p>
<p>which will be used for syntax highlighting of appropriately marked code blocks.  This can be used to add support for new languages or to use altered syntax definitions for existing languages.  This option may be repeated to add multiple syntax definitions.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-H</code> <em>FILE</em>, <code>--include-in-header=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include contents of <em>FILE</em>, verbatim, at the end of the header.</p>
<p>This can be used, for example, to include special CSS or JavaScript in HTML documents.  This option can be used repeatedly to include multiple files in the header.  They will be included in the order specified.  Implies <code>--standalone</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-B</code> <em>FILE</em>, <code>--include-before-body=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include contents of <em>FILE</em>, verbatim, at the beginning of the</p>
<p>document body (e.g. after the <code>&lt;body&gt;</code> tag in HTML, or the <code>\begin{document}</code> command in LaTeX). This can be used to include navigation bars or banners in HTML documents. This option can be used repeatedly to include multiple files. They will be included in the order specified.  Implies <code>--standalone</code>. Note that if the output format is <code>odt</code>, this file must be in OpenDocument XML format suitable for insertion into the body of the document, and if the output is <code>docx</code>, this file must be in appropriate OpenXML format.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-A</code> <em>FILE</em>, <code>--include-after-body=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include contents of <em>FILE</em>, verbatim, at the end of the document</p>
<p>body (before the <code>&lt;/body&gt;</code> tag in HTML, or the <code>\end{document}</code> command in LaTeX). This option can be used repeatedly to include multiple files. They will be included in the order specified.  Implies <code>--standalone</code>. Note that if the output format is <code>odt</code>, this file must be in OpenDocument XML format suitable for insertion into the body of the document, and if the output is <code>docx</code>, this file must be in appropriate OpenXML format.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--resource-path=</code><em>SEARCHPATH</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>List of paths to search for images and other resources.</p>
<p>The paths should be separated by <code>:</code> on Linux, UNIX, and macOS systems, and by <code>;</code> on Windows.  If <code>--resource-path</code> is not specified, the default resource path is the working directory. Note that, if <code>--resource-path</code> is specified, the working directory must be explicitly listed or it will not be searched.  For example: <code>--resource-path=.:test</code> will search the working directory and the <code>test</code> subdirectory, in that order. This option can be used repeatedly. Search path components that come later on the command line will be searched before those that come earlier, so <code>--resource-path foo:bar --resource-path baz:bim</code> is equivalent to <code>--resource-path baz:bim:foo:bar</code>. Note that this option only has an effect when pandoc itself needs to find an image (e.g., in producing a PDF or docx, or when <code>--embed-resources</code> is used.) It will not cause image paths to be rewritten in other cases (e.g., when pandoc is generating LaTeX or HTML).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--request-header=</code><em>NAME</em><code>:</code><em>VAL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the request header <em>NAME</em> to the value <em>VAL</em> when making</p>
<p>HTTP requests (for example, when a URL is given on the command line, or when resources used in a document must be downloaded). If you’re behind a proxy, you also need to set the environment variable <code>http_proxy</code> to <code>http://...</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--no-check-certificate[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Disable the certificate verification to allow access to</p>
<p>unsecure HTTP resources (for example when the certificate is no longer valid or self signed).</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="options-affecting-specific-writers" class="options">Options affecting specific writers</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>--self-contained[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><em>Deprecated synonym for <code>--embed-resources --standalone</code>.</em></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--embed-resources[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Produce a standalone HTML file with no external dependencies, using</p>
<p><code>data:</code> URIs to incorporate the contents of linked scripts, stylesheets, images, and videos. The resulting file should be “self-contained,” in the sense that it needs no external files and no net access to be displayed properly by a browser. This option works only with HTML output formats, including <code>html4</code>, <code>html5</code>, <code>html+lhs</code>, <code>html5+lhs</code>, <code>s5</code>, <code>slidy</code>, <code>slideous</code>, <code>dzslides</code>, and <code>revealjs</code>. Scripts, images, and stylesheets at absolute URLs will be downloaded; those at relative URLs will be sought relative to the working directory (if the first source file is local) or relative to the base URL (if the first source file is remote).  Elements with the attribute <code>data-external=&quot;1&quot;</code> will be left alone; the documents they link to will not be incorporated in the document. Limitation: resources that are loaded dynamically through JavaScript cannot be incorporated; as a result, fonts may be missing when <code>--mathjax</code> is used, and some advanced features (e.g.  zoom or speaker notes) may not work in an offline “self-contained” <code>reveal.js</code> slide show.</p>
<p>For SVG images, <code>img</code> tags with <code>data:</code> URIs are used, unless the image has the class <code>inline-svg</code>, in which case an inline SVG element is inserted. This approach is recommended when there are many occurrences of the same SVG in a document, as <code>&lt;use&gt;</code> elements will be used to reduce duplication.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--link-images[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include links to images instead of embedding the images in ODT.</p>
<p>(This option currently only affects ODT output.)</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--html-q-tags[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use <code>&lt;q&gt;</code> tags for quotes in HTML.  (This option only has an</p>
<p>effect if the <code>smart</code> extension is enabled for the input format used.)</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--ascii[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use only ASCII characters in output. Currently supported for XML</p>
<p>and HTML formats (which use entities instead of UTF-8 when this option is selected), CommonMark, gfm, and Markdown (which use entities), roff man and ms (which use hexadecimal escapes), and to a limited degree LaTeX (which uses standard commands for accented characters when possible).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--reference-links[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use reference-style links, rather than inline links, in writing Markdown</p>
<p>or reStructuredText.  By default inline links are used.  The placement of link references is affected by the <code>--reference-location</code> option.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--reference-location=block</code>|<code>section</code>|<code>document</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify whether footnotes (and references, if <code>reference-links</code> is</p>
<p>set) are placed at the end of the current (top-level) block, the current section, or the document. The default is <code>document</code>. Currently this option only affects the <code>markdown</code>, <code>muse</code>, <code>html</code>, <code>epub</code>, <code>slidy</code>, <code>s5</code>, <code>slideous</code>, <code>dzslides</code>, and <code>revealjs</code> writers.  In slide formats, specifying <code>--reference-location=section</code> will cause notes to be rendered at the bottom of a slide.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--figure-caption-position=above</code>|<code>below</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify whether figure captions go above or below figures</p>
<p>(default is <code>below</code>).  This option only affects HTML, LaTeX, Docx, ODT, and Typst output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--table-caption-position=above</code>|<code>below</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify whether table captions go above or below tables</p>
<p>(default is <code>above</code>).  This option only affects HTML, LaTeX, Docx, ODT, and Typst output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--markdown-headings=setext</code>|<code>atx</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify whether to use ATX-style (<code>#</code>-prefixed) or</p>
<p>Setext-style (underlined) headings for level 1 and 2 headings in Markdown output.  (The default is <code>atx</code>.) ATX-style headings are always used for levels 3+. This option also affects Markdown cells in <code>ipynb</code> output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-tables[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Render tables as list tables in RST output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--top-level-division=default</code>|<code>section</code>|<code>chapter</code>|<code>part</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Treat top-level headings as the given division type in</p>
<p>LaTeX, ConTeXt, DocBook, and TEI output. The hierarchy order is part, chapter, then section; all headings are shifted such that the top-level heading becomes the specified type. The default behavior is to determine the best division type via heuristics: unless other conditions apply, <code>section</code> is chosen. When the <code>documentclass</code> variable is set to <code>report</code>, <code>book</code>, or <code>memoir</code> (unless the <code>article</code> option is specified), <code>chapter</code> is implied as the setting for this option. If <code>beamer</code> is the output format, specifying either <code>chapter</code> or <code>part</code> will cause top-level headings to become <code>\part{..}</code>, while second-level headings remain as their default type.</p>
<p>In Docx output, this option adds section breaks before first-level headings if <code>chapter</code> is selected, and before first- and second-level headings if <code>part</code> is selected. Footnote numbers will restart with each section break unless the reference doc modifies this.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-N</code>, <code>--number-sections=[true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Number section headings in LaTeX, ConTeXt, HTML, Docx, ms, or EPUB</p>
<p>output.  By default, sections are not numbered.  Sections with class <code>unnumbered</code> will never be numbered, even if <code>--number-sections</code> is specified.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--number-offset=</code><em>NUMBER</em>[<code>,</code><em>NUMBER</em><code>,</code><em>…</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Offsets for section heading numbers. The first number is added</p>
<p>to the section number for level-1 headings, the second for level-2 headings, and so on. So, for example, if you want the first level-1 heading in your document to be numbered “6” instead of “1”, specify <code>--number-offset=5</code>. If your document starts with a level-2 heading which you want to be numbered “1.5”, specify <code>--number-offset=1,4</code>. <code>--number-offset</code> only directly affects the number of the first section heading in a document; subsequent numbers increment in the normal way. Implies <code>--number-sections</code>. Currently this feature only affects HTML and Docx output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--listings[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>*Deprecated, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=idiomatic</code> or</p>
<p><code>--syntax-highlighting=default</code> instead.</p>
<p>Use the [<code>listings</code>] package for LaTeX code blocks. The package does not support multi-byte encoding for source code. To handle UTF-8 you would need to use a custom template. This issue is fully documented here: [Encoding issue with the listings package].</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-i</code>, <code>--incremental[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Make list items in slide shows display incrementally (one by one).</p>
<p>The default is for lists to be displayed all at once.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--slide-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specifies that headings with the specified level create</p>
<p>slides (for <code>beamer</code>, <code>revealjs</code>, <code>pptx</code>, <code>s5</code>, <code>slidy</code>, <code>slideous</code>, <code>dzslides</code>). Headings above this level in the hierarchy are used to divide the slide show into sections; headings below this level create subheads within a slide. Valid values are 0-6. If a slide level of 0 is specified, slides will not be split automatically on headings, and horizontal rules must be used to indicate slide boundaries. If a slide level is not specified explicitly, the slide level will be set automatically based on the contents of the document; see [Structuring the slide show].</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--section-divs[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Wrap sections in <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> tags (or <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> tags for <code>html4</code>),</p>
<p>and attach identifiers to the enclosing <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> (or <code>&lt;div&gt;</code>) rather than the heading itself (see [Heading identifiers], below). This option only affects HTML output (and does not affect HTML slide formats).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--email-obfuscation=none</code>|<code>javascript</code>|<code>references</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a method for obfuscating <code>mailto:</code> links in HTML documents.</p>
<p><code>none</code> leaves <code>mailto:</code> links as they are.  <code>javascript</code> obfuscates them using JavaScript. <code>references</code> obfuscates them by printing their letters as decimal or hexadecimal character references.  The default is <code>none</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--id-prefix=</code><em>STRING</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a prefix to be added to all identifiers and internal links</p>
<p>in HTML and DocBook output, and to footnote numbers in Markdown and Haddock output. This is useful for preventing duplicate identifiers when generating fragments to be included in other pages.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-T</code> <em>STRING</em>, <code>--title-prefix=</code><em>STRING</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify <em>STRING</em> as a prefix at the beginning of the title</p>
<p>that appears in the HTML header (but not in the title as it appears at the beginning of the HTML body).  Implies <code>--standalone</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-c</code> <em>URL</em>, <code>--css=</code><em>URL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Link to a CSS style sheet. This option can be used repeatedly to</p>
<p>include multiple files. They will be included in the order specified. This option only affects HTML (including HTML slide shows) and EPUB output.  It should be used together with <code>-s/--standalone</code>, because the link to the stylesheet goes in the document header.</p>
<p>A stylesheet is required for generating EPUB.  If none is provided using this option (or the <code>css</code> or <code>stylesheet</code> metadata fields), pandoc will look for a file <code>epub.css</code> in the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>).  If it is not found there, sensible defaults will be used.</p>
</dd>
<dt><span id="option--reference-doc"><code>--reference-doc=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the specified file as a style reference in producing a</p>
<p>docx or ODT file.</p>
<dl>
<dt>Docx</dt>
<dd>
<p>For best results, the reference docx should be a modified</p>
<p>version of a docx file produced using pandoc.  The contents of the reference docx are ignored, but its stylesheets and document properties (including margins, page size, header, and footer) are used in the new docx. If no reference docx is specified on the command line, pandoc will look for a file <code>reference.docx</code> in the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>). If this is not found either, sensible defaults will be used.</p>
<p>To produce a custom <code>reference.docx</code>, first get a copy of the default <code>reference.docx</code>: <code>pandoc -o custom-reference.docx --print-default-data-file reference.docx</code>. Then open <code>custom-reference.docx</code> in Word or LibreOffice, modify the styles as you wish, and save the file.  For best results, do not make changes to this file other than modifying the styles used by pandoc:</p>
<p>Paragraph styles:</p>
<ul>
<li>Normal</li>
<li>Body Text</li>
<li>First Paragraph</li>
<li>Compact</li>
<li>Title</li>
<li>Subtitle</li>
<li>Author</li>
<li>Date</li>
<li>Abstract</li>
<li>AbstractTitle</li>
<li>Bibliography</li>
<li>Heading 1</li>
<li>Heading 2</li>
<li>Heading 3</li>
<li>Heading 4</li>
<li>Heading 5</li>
<li>Heading 6</li>
<li>Heading 7</li>
<li>Heading 8</li>
<li>Heading 9</li>
<li>Block Text [for block quotes]</li>
<li>Footnote Block Text [for block quotes in footnotes]</li>
<li>Source Code</li>
<li>Footnote Text</li>
<li>Definition Term</li>
<li>Definition</li>
<li>Caption</li>
<li>Table Caption</li>
<li>Image Caption</li>
<li>Figure</li>
<li>Captioned Figure</li>
<li>TOC Heading</li>
</ul>
<p>Character styles:</p>
<ul>
<li>Default Paragraph Font</li>
<li>Verbatim Char</li>
<li>Footnote Reference</li>
<li>Hyperlink</li>
<li>Section Number</li>
</ul>
<p>Table style:</p>
<ul>
<li>Table</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>ODT</dt>
<dd>
<p>For best results, the reference ODT should be a modified</p>
<p>version of an ODT produced using pandoc.  The contents of the reference ODT are ignored, but its stylesheets are used in the new ODT. If no reference ODT is specified on the command line, pandoc will look for a file <code>reference.odt</code> in the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>). If this is not found either, sensible defaults will be used.</p>
<p>To produce a custom <code>reference.odt</code>, first get a copy of the default <code>reference.odt</code>: <code>pandoc -o custom-reference.odt --print-default-data-file reference.odt</code>. Then open <code>custom-reference.odt</code> in LibreOffice, modify the styles as you wish, and save the file.</p>
</dd>
<dt>PowerPoint</dt>
<dd>
<p>Templates included with Microsoft PowerPoint 2013 (either with</p>
<p><code>.pptx</code> or <code>.potx</code> extension) are known to work, as are most templates derived from these.</p>
<p>The specific requirement is that the template should contain layouts with the following names (as seen within PowerPoint):</p>
<ul>
<li>Title Slide</li>
<li>Title and Content</li>
<li>Section Header</li>
<li>Two Content</li>
<li>Comparison</li>
<li>Content with Caption</li>
<li>Blank</li>
</ul>
<p>For each name, the first layout found with that name will be used. If no layout is found with one of the names, pandoc will output a warning and use the layout with that name from the default reference doc instead. (How these layouts are used is described in <a href="#powerpoint-layout-choice">PowerPoint layout choice</a>.)</p>
<p>All templates included with a recent version of MS PowerPoint will fit these criteria. (You can click on <code>Layout</code> under the <code>Home</code> menu to check.)</p>
<p>You can also modify the default <code>reference.pptx</code>: first run <code>pandoc -o custom-reference.pptx --print-default-data-file reference.pptx</code>, and then modify <code>custom-reference.pptx</code> in MS PowerPoint (pandoc will use the layouts with the names listed above).</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt><code>--split-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the heading level at which to split an EPUB or</p>
<p>chunked HTML document into separate files. The default is to split into chapters at level-1 headings. In the case of EPUB, this option only affects the internal composition of the EPUB, not the way chapters and sections are displayed to users. Some readers may be slow if the chapter files are too large, so for large documents with few level-1 headings, one might want to use a chapter level of 2 or 3. For chunked HTML, this option determines how much content goes in each “chunk.”</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--chunk-template=</code><em>PATHTEMPLATE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a template for the filenames in a <code>chunkedhtml</code> document.</p>
<p>In the template, <code>%n</code> will be replaced by the chunk number (padded with leading 0s to 3 digits), <code>%s</code> with the section number of the chunk, <code>%h</code> with the heading text (with formatting removed), <code>%i</code> with the section identifier. For example, <code>section-%s-%i.html</code> might be resolved to <code>section-1.1-introduction.html</code>. The characters <code>/</code> and <code>\</code> are not allowed in chunk templates and will be ignored. The default is <code>%s-%i.html</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-chapter-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p><em>Deprecated synonym for <code>--split-level</code>.</em></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-cover-image=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the specified image as the EPUB cover.  It is recommended</p>
<p>that the image be less than 1000px in width and height. Note that in a Markdown source document you can also specify <code>cover-image</code> in a YAML metadata block (see [EPUB Metadata], below).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-title-page=true</code>|<code>false</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Determines whether a the title page is included in the EPUB</p>
<p>(default is <code>true</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-metadata=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Look in the specified XML file for metadata for the EPUB.</p>
<p>The file should contain a series of [Dublin Core elements]. For example:</p>
<pre><code> &lt;dc:rights&gt;Creative Commons&lt;/dc:rights&gt;
 &lt;dc:language&gt;es-AR&lt;/dc:language&gt;</code></pre>
<p>By default, pandoc will include the following metadata elements: <code>&lt;dc:title&gt;</code> (from the document title), <code>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</code> (from the document authors), <code>&lt;dc:date&gt;</code> (from the document date, which should be in [ISO 8601 format]), <code>&lt;dc:language&gt;</code> (from the <code>lang</code> variable, or, if is not set, the locale), and <code>&lt;dc:identifier id=&quot;BookId&quot;&gt;</code> (a randomly generated UUID). Any of these may be overridden by elements in the metadata file.</p>
<p>Note: if the source document is Markdown, a YAML metadata block in the document can be used instead.  See below under [EPUB Metadata].</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-embed-font=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Embed the specified font in the EPUB. This option can be repeated</p>
<p>to embed multiple fonts.  Wildcards can also be used: for example, <code>DejaVuSans-*.ttf</code>.  However, if you use wildcards on the command line, be sure to escape them or put the whole filename in single quotes, to prevent them from being interpreted by the shell. To use the embedded fonts, you will need to add declarations like the following to your CSS (see <code>--css</code>):</p>
<pre><code>@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: normal;
   font-weight: normal;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-Regular.ttf&quot;);
}
@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: normal;
   font-weight: bold;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-Bold.ttf&quot;);
}
@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: italic;
   font-weight: normal;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-Oblique.ttf&quot;);
}
@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: italic;
   font-weight: bold;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-BoldOblique.ttf&quot;);
}
body { font-family: &quot;DejaVuSans&quot;; }</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-subdirectory=</code><em>DIRNAME</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the subdirectory in the OCF container that is to hold</p>
<p>the EPUB-specific contents.  The default is <code>EPUB</code>.  To put the EPUB contents in the top level, use an empty string.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--ipynb-output=all|none|best</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Determines how ipynb output cells are treated. <code>all</code> means</p>
<p>that all of the data formats included in the original are preserved.  <code>none</code> means that the contents of data cells are omitted.  <code>best</code> causes pandoc to try to pick the richest data block in each output cell that is compatible with the output format.  The default is <code>best</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--pdf-engine=</code><em>PROGRAM</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the specified engine when producing PDF output.</p>
<p>Valid values are <code>pdflatex</code>, <code>lualatex</code>, <code>xelatex</code>, <code>latexmk</code>, <code>tectonic</code>, <code>wkhtmltopdf</code>, <code>weasyprint</code>, <code>pagedjs-cli</code>, <code>prince</code>, <code>context</code>, <code>groff</code>, <code>pdfroff</code>, and <code>typst</code>. If the engine is not in your PATH, the full path of the engine may be specified here. If this option is not specified, pandoc uses the following defaults depending on the output format specified using <code>-t/--to</code>:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-t latex</code> or none: <code>pdflatex</code> (other options: <code>xelatex</code>, <code>lualatex</code>, <code>tectonic</code>, <code>latexmk</code>)</li>
<li><code>-t context</code>: <code>context</code></li>
<li><code>-t html</code>:  <code>weasyprint</code> (other options: <code>prince</code>, <code>wkhtmltopdf</code>, <code>pagedjs-cli</code>; see <a href="https://print-css.rocks">print-css.rocks</a> for a good introduction to PDF generation from HTML/CSS)</li>
<li><code>-t ms</code>:  <code>groff</code></li>
<li><code>-t typst</code>: <code>typst</code></li>
</ul>
<p>This option is normally intended to be used when a PDF file is specified as <code>-o/--output</code>.  However, it may still have an effect when other output formats are requested. For example, <code>ms</code> output will include <code>.pdfhref</code> macros only if a <code>--pdf-engine</code> is selected, and the macros will be differently encoded depending on whether <code>groff</code> or <code>pdfroff</code> is specified.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--pdf-engine-opt=</code><em>STRING</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the given string as a command-line argument to the <code>pdf-engine</code>.</p>
<p>For example, to use a persistent directory <code>foo</code> for <code>latexmk</code>‘s auxiliary files, use <code>--pdf-engine-opt=-outdir=foo</code>. Note that no check for duplicate options is done.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="citation-rendering" class="options">Citation rendering</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>-C</code>, <code>--citeproc</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Process the citations in the file, replacing them with</p>
<p>rendered citations and adding a bibliography. Citation processing will not take place unless bibliographic data is supplied, either through an external file specified using the <code>--bibliography</code> option or the <code>bibliography</code> field in metadata, or via a <code>references</code> section in metadata containing a list of citations in CSL YAML format with Markdown formatting.  The style is controlled by a [CSL] stylesheet specified using the <code>--csl</code> option or the <code>csl</code> field in metadata. (If no stylesheet is specified, the <code>chicago-author-date</code> style will be used by default.) The citation processing transformation may be applied before or after filters or Lua filters (see <code>--filter</code>, <code>--lua-filter</code>): these transformations are applied in the order they appear on the command line.  For more information, see the section on [Citations].</p>
<p>Note: if this option is specified, the <code>citations</code> extension will be disabled automatically in the writer, to ensure that the citeproc-generated citations will be rendered instead of the format’s own citation syntax.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--bibliography=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the <code>bibliography</code> field in the document’s metadata to <em>FILE</em>,</p>
<p>overriding any value set in the metadata.  If you supply this argument multiple times, each <em>FILE</em> will be added to bibliography.  If <em>FILE</em> is a URL, it will be fetched via HTTP. If <em>FILE</em> is not found relative to the working directory, it will be sought in the resource path (see <code>--resource-path</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--csl=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the <code>csl</code> field in the document’s metadata to <em>FILE</em>,</p>
<p>overriding any value set in the metadata.  (This is equivalent to <code>--metadata csl=FILE</code>.)  If <em>FILE</em> is a URL, it will be fetched via HTTP.  If <em>FILE</em> is not found relative to the working directory, it will be sought in the resource path (see <code>--resource-path</code>) and finally in the <code>csl</code> subdirectory of the pandoc user data directory.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--citation-abbreviations=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the <code>citation-abbreviations</code> field in the document’s metadata to</p>
<p><em>FILE</em>, overriding any value set in the metadata.  (This is equivalent to <code>--metadata citation-abbreviations=FILE</code>.) If <em>FILE</em> is a URL, it will be fetched via HTTP.  If <em>FILE</em> is not found relative to the working directory, it will be sought in the resource path (see <code>--resource-path</code>) and finally in the <code>csl</code> subdirectory of the pandoc user data directory.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--natbib</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/natbib"><code>natbib</code></a> for citations in LaTeX output.  This option</p>
<p>is not for use with the <code>--citeproc</code> option or with PDF output.  It is intended for use in producing a LaTeX file that can be processed with [<code>bibtex</code>].</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--biblatex</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex"><code>biblatex</code></a> for citations in LaTeX output.  This option</p>
<p>is not for use with the <code>--citeproc</code> option or with PDF output. It is intended for use in producing a LaTeX file that can be processed with [<code>bibtex</code>] or [<code>biber</code>].</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="math-rendering-in-html" class="options">Math rendering in HTML</h2>
<p>The default is to render TeX math as far as possible using Unicode characters.  Formulas are put inside a <code>span</code> with <code>class=&quot;math&quot;</code>, so that they may be styled differently from the surrounding text if needed. However, this gives acceptable results only for basic math, usually you will want to use <code>--mathjax</code> or another of the following options.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>--mathjax</code>[<code>=</code><em>URL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Use <a href="https://www.mathjax.org">MathJax</a> to display embedded TeX math in HTML output.</p>
<p>TeX math will be put between <code>\(...\)</code> (for inline math) or <code>\[...\]</code> (for display math) and wrapped in <code>&lt;span&gt;</code> tags with class <code>math</code>. Then the MathJax JavaScript will render it. The <em>URL</em> should point to the <code>MathJax.js</code> load script. If a <em>URL</em> is not provided, a link to the Cloudflare CDN will be inserted.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--mathml</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Convert TeX math to <a href="https://www.w3.org/Math/">MathML</a> (in <code>epub3</code>, <code>docbook4</code>,</p>
<p><code>docbook5</code>, <code>jats</code>, <code>html4</code> and <code>html5</code>).  This is the default in <code>odt</code> output. MathML is supported natively by the main web browsers and select e-book readers.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--webtex</code>[<code>=</code><em>URL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Convert TeX formulas to <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> tags that link to an external script</p>
<p>that converts formulas to images. The formula will be URL-encoded and concatenated with the URL provided. For SVG images you can for example use <code>--webtex https://latex.codecogs.com/svg.latex?</code>. If no URL is specified, the CodeCogs URL generating PNGs will be used (<code>https://latex.codecogs.com/png.latex?</code>). Note:  the <code>--webtex</code> option will affect Markdown output as well as HTML, which is useful if you’re targeting a version of Markdown without native math support.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--katex</code>[<code>=</code><em>URL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Use <a href="https://github.com/Khan/KaTeX">KaTeX</a> to display embedded TeX math in HTML output.</p>
<p>The <em>URL</em> is the base URL for the KaTeX library. That directory should contain a <code>katex.min.js</code> and a <code>katex.min.css</code> file. If a <em>URL</em> is not provided, a link to the KaTeX CDN will be inserted.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--gladtex</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Enclose TeX math in <code>&lt;eq&gt;</code> tags in HTML output.  The resulting HTML</p>
<p>can then be processed by [GladTeX] to produce SVG images of the typeset formulas and an HTML file with these images embedded.</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -s --gladtex input.md -o myfile.htex
gladtex -d image_dir myfile.htex
# produces myfile.html and images in image_dir</code></pre>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="options-for-wrapper-scripts" class="options">Options for wrapper scripts</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>--dump-args[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print information about command-line arguments to <em>stdout</em>, then exit.</p>
<p>This option is intended primarily for use in wrapper scripts. The first line of output contains the name of the output file specified with the <code>-o</code> option, or <code>-</code> (for <em>stdout</em>) if no output file was specified.  The remaining lines contain the command-line arguments, one per line, in the order they appear.  These do not include regular pandoc options and their arguments, but do include any options appearing after a <code>--</code> separator at the end of the line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--ignore-args[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Ignore command-line arguments (for use in wrapper scripts).</p>
<p>Regular pandoc options are not ignored.  Thus, for example,</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --ignore-args -o foo.html -s foo.txt -- -e latin1</code></pre>
<p>is equivalent to</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -o foo.html -s</code></pre>
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="exit-codes">Exit codes</h1>
<p>If pandoc completes successfully, it will return exit code 0. Nonzero exit codes have the following meanings:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:right">Code</th><th>Error</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td>PandocIOError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">3</td><td>PandocFailOnWarningError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">4</td><td>PandocAppError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">5</td><td>PandocTemplateError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">6</td><td>PandocOptionError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21</td><td>PandocUnknownReaderError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">22</td><td>PandocUnknownWriterError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">23</td><td>PandocUnsupportedExtensionError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">24</td><td>PandocCiteprocError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">25</td><td>PandocBibliographyError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31</td><td>PandocEpubSubdirectoryError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">43</td><td>PandocPDFError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">44</td><td>PandocXMLError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">47</td><td>PandocPDFProgramNotFoundError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">61</td><td>PandocHttpError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">62</td><td>PandocShouldNeverHappenError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">63</td><td>PandocSomeError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">64</td><td>PandocParseError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">66</td><td>PandocMakePDFError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">67</td><td>PandocSyntaxMapError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">83</td><td>PandocFilterError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">84</td><td>PandocLuaError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">89</td><td>PandocNoScriptingEngine</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">91</td><td>PandocMacroLoop</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">92</td><td>PandocUTF8DecodingError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">93</td><td>PandocIpynbDecodingError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">94</td><td>PandocUnsupportedCharsetError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">95</td><td>PandocInputNotTextError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">97</td><td>PandocCouldNotFindDataFileError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">98</td><td>PandocCouldNotFindMetadataFileError</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">99</td><td>PandocResourceNotFound</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="defaults-files">Defaults files</h1>
<p>The <code>--defaults</code> option may be used to specify a package of options, in the form of a YAML or JSON file. Examples in this section will be given in YAML, but the equivalent forms in JSON will also work.</p>
<p>Fields that are omitted will just have their regular default values.  So a defaults file can be as simple as one line:</p>
<pre class="yaml"><code>verbosity: INFO</code></pre>
<p>or in JSON:</p>
<pre class="json"><code>{ &quot;verbosity&quot;: &quot;INFO&quot; }</code></pre>
<p>In fields that expect a file path (or list of file paths), the following syntax may be used to interpolate environment variables:</p>
<pre class="yaml"><code>csl:  ${HOME}/mycsldir/special.csl</code></pre>
<p><code>${USERDATA}</code> may also be used; this will always resolve to the user data directory that is current when the defaults file is parsed, regardless of the setting of the environment variable <code>USERDATA</code>.</p>
<p><code>${.}</code> will resolve to the directory containing the defaults file itself.  This allows you to refer to resources contained in that directory:</p>
<pre class="yaml"><code>epub-cover-image: ${.}/cover.jpg
epub-metadata: ${.}/meta.xml
resource-path:
- .             # the working directory from which pandoc is run
- ${.}/images   # the images subdirectory of the directory
                # containing this defaults file</code></pre>
<p>This environment variable interpolation syntax <em>only</em> works in fields that expect file paths.</p>
<p>Defaults files can be placed in the <code>defaults</code> subdirectory of the user data directory and used from any directory.  For example, one could create a file specifying defaults for writing letters, save it as <code>letter.yaml</code> in the <code>defaults</code> subdirectory of the user data directory, and then invoke these defaults from any directory using <code>pandoc --defaults letter</code> or <code>pandoc -dletter</code>.</p>
<p>When multiple defaults are used, their contents will be combined.</p>
<p>Note that, where command-line arguments may be repeated (<code>--metadata-file</code>, <code>--css</code>, <code>--include-in-header</code>, <code>--include-before-body</code>, <code>--include-after-body</code>, <code>--variable</code>, <code>--metadata</code>, <code>--syntax-definition</code>), the values specified on the command line will combine with values specified in the defaults file, rather than replacing them.</p>
<p>The following tables show the mapping between the command line and defaults file entries.</p>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 48%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>foo.md</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml input-file: foo.md</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>foo.md bar.md

</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>input-files:
- foo.md
- bar.md</code></pre></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The value of <code>input-files</code> may be left empty to indicate input from stdin, and it can be an empty sequence <code>[]</code> for no input.</p>
<h2 id="general-options-1">General options</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 48%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--from markdown+emoji</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml from: markdown+emoji</code> <code>yaml reader: markdown+emoji</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--to markdown+hard_line_breaks</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml to: markdown+hard_line_breaks</code> <code>yaml writer: markdown+hard_line_breaks</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--output foo.pdf</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml output-file: foo.pdf</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--output -</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml output-file:</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--data-dir dir</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml data-dir: dir</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--defaults file</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>defaults:
- file</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--verbose</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml verbosity: INFO</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--quiet</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml verbosity: ERROR</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--fail-if-warnings</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml fail-if-warnings: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--sandbox</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml sandbox: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--log=FILE</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml log-file: FILE</code></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Options specified in a defaults file itself always have priority over those in another file included with a <code>defaults:</code> entry.</p>
<p><code>verbosity</code> can have the values <code>ERROR</code>, <code>WARNING</code>, or <code>INFO</code>.</p>
<h2 id="reader-options-1">Reader options</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 48%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--shift-heading-level-by -1</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml shift-heading-level-by: -1</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--indented-code-classes python
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>indented-code-classes:
- python</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--default-image-extension &quot;.jpg&quot;</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml default-image-extension: &#039;.jpg&#039;</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--file-scope</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml file-scope: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--citeproc \
--lua-filter count-words.lua \
--filter special.lua

</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>filters:
- citeproc
- count-words.lua
- type: json
path: special.lua</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--metadata key=value \
--metadata key2
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml metadata: key: value key2: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--metadata-file meta.yaml
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>metadata-files:
- meta.yaml</code></pre><pre class="yaml"><code>metadata-file: meta.yaml</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--preserve-tabs</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml preserve-tabs: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--tab-stop 8</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml tab-stop: 8</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--track-changes accept</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml track-changes: accept</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--extract-media dir</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml extract-media: dir</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--abbreviations abbrevs.txt</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml abbreviations: abbrevs.txt</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--typst-input foo=bar
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml typst-inputs: foo: bar</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--trace</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml trace: true</code></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Metadata values specified in a defaults file are parsed as literal string text, not Markdown.</p>
<p>Filters will be assumed to be Lua filters if they have the <code>.lua</code> extension, and JSON filters otherwise.  But the filter type can also be specified explicitly, as shown.  Filters are run in the order specified. To include the built-in citeproc filter, use either <code>citeproc</code> or <code>{type: citeproc}</code>.</p>
<h2 id="general-writer-options-1">General writer options</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 48%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--standalone</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml standalone: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--template letter</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml template: letter</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--variable key=val \
--variable key2
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml variables: key: val key2: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--eol nl</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml eol: nl</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--dpi 300</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml dpi: 300</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--wrap preserve</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml wrap: &quot;preserve&quot;</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--columns 72</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml columns: 72</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--table-of-contents</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml table-of-contents: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--toc</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml toc: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--toc-depth 3</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml toc-depth: 3</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--strip-comments</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml strip-comments: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--no-highlight</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml syntax-highlighting: &#039;none&#039;</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--syntax-highlighting kate</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml syntax-highlighting: kate</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--syntax-definition mylang.xml
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>syntax-definitions:
- mylang.xml</code></pre><pre class="yaml"><code>syntax-definition: mylang.xml</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--include-in-header inc.tex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>include-in-header:
- inc.tex</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--include-before-body inc.tex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>include-before-body:
- inc.tex</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--include-after-body inc.tex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>include-after-body:
- inc.tex</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--resource-path .:foo</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml resource-path: [&#039;.&#039;,&#039;foo&#039;]</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--request-header foo:bar
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>request-headers:
- [&quot;User-Agent&quot;, &quot;Mozilla/5.0&quot;]</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--no-check-certificate</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml no-check-certificate: true</code></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="options-affecting-specific-writers-1">Options affecting specific writers</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 48%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--self-contained</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml self-contained: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--link-images</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml link-images: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--html-q-tags</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-q-tags: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--ascii</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml ascii: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--reference-links</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml reference-links: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--reference-location block</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml reference-location: block</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--figure-caption-position=above</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml figure-caption-position: above</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--table-caption-position=below</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml table-caption-position: below</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--markdown-headings atx</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml markdown-headings: atx</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--list-tables</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml list-tables: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--top-level-division chapter</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml top-level-division: chapter</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--number-sections</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml number-sections: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--number-offset=1,4</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml number-offset: \[1,4\]</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--listings</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml listings: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--list-of-figures</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml list-of-figures: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--lof</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml lof: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--list-of-tables</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml list-of-tables: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--lot</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml lot: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--incremental</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml incremental: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--slide-level 2</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml slide-level: 2</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--section-divs</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml section-divs: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--email-obfuscation references</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml email-obfuscation: references</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--id-prefix ch1</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml identifier-prefix: ch1</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--title-prefix MySite</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml title-prefix: MySite</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--css styles/screen.css  \
--css styles/special.css
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>css:
- styles/screen.css
- styles/special.css</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--reference-doc my.docx</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml reference-doc: my.docx</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--epub-cover-image cover.jpg</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml epub-cover-image: cover.jpg</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--epub-title-page=false</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml epub-title-page: false</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--epub-metadata meta.xml</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml epub-metadata: meta.xml</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--epub-embed-font special.otf \
--epub-embed-font headline.otf
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>epub-fonts:
- special.otf
- headline.otf</code></pre></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--split-level 2</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml split-level: 2</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--chunk-template=&quot;%i.html&quot;</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml chunk-template: &quot;%i.html&quot;</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--epub-subdirectory=&quot;&quot;</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml epub-subdirectory: &#039;&#039;</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--ipynb-output best</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml ipynb-output: best</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--pdf-engine xelatex</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml pdf-engine: xelatex</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--pdf-engine-opt=--shell-escape
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><pre class="yaml"><code>pdf-engine-opts:
- &#039;-shell-escape&#039;</code></pre><pre class="yaml"><code>pdf-engine-opt: &#039;-shell-escape&#039;</code></pre></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="citation-rendering-1">Citation rendering</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 48%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--citeproc</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml citeproc: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--bibliography logic.bib</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml bibliography: logic.bib</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--csl ieee.csl</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml csl: ieee.csl</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--citation-abbreviations ab.json</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml citation-abbreviations: ab.json</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--natbib</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml cite-method: natbib</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--biblatex</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml cite-method: biblatex</code></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><code>cite-method</code> can be <code>citeproc</code>, <code>natbib</code>, or <code>biblatex</code>. This only affects LaTeX output.  If you want to use citeproc to format citations, you should also set ‘citeproc: true’.</p>
<p>If you need control over when the citeproc processing is done relative to other filters, you should instead use <code>citeproc</code> in the list of <code>filters</code> (see <a href="#reader-options-1">Reader options</a>).</p>
<h2 id="math-rendering-in-html-1">Math rendering in HTML</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 48%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--mathjax
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-math-method: method: mathjax</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--mathml
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-math-method: method: mathml</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--webtex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-math-method: method: webtex</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--katex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-math-method: method: katex</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><pre><code>--gladtex
</code></pre></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml html-math-method: method: gladtex</code></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In addition to the values listed above, <code>method</code> can have the value <code>plain</code>.</p>
<p>If the command line option accepts a URL argument, an <code>url:</code> field can be added to <code>html-math-method:</code>.</p>
<h2 id="options-for-wrapper-scripts-1">Options for wrapper scripts</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 48%" /><col style="width: 50%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">command line</th><th style="text-align:left">defaults file</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--dump-args</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml dump-args: true</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>--ignore-args</code></td><td style="text-align:left"><code>yaml ignore-args: true</code></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="templates">Templates</h1>
<p>When the <code>-s/--standalone</code> option is used, pandoc uses a template to add header and footer material that is needed for a self-standing document.  To see the default template that is used, just type</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -D *FORMAT*</code></pre>
<p>where <em>FORMAT</em> is the name of the output format. A custom template can be specified using the <code>--template</code> option.  You can also override the system default templates for a given output format <em>FORMAT</em> by putting a file <code>templates/default.*FORMAT*</code> in the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>, above). <em>Exceptions:</em></p>
<ul>
<li>For <code>odt</code> output, customize the <code>default.opendocument</code> template.</li>
<li>For <code>docx</code> output, customize the <code>default.openxml</code> template.</li>
<li>For <code>pdf</code> output, customize the <code>default.latex</code> template (or the <code>default.context</code> template, if you use <code>-t context</code>, or the <code>default.ms</code> template, if you use <code>-t ms</code>, or the <code>default.html</code> template, if you use <code>-t html</code>).</li>
<li><code>pptx</code> has no template.</li>
</ul>
<p>Note that <code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>, and <code>pptx</code> output can also be customized using <code>--reference-doc</code>.  Use a reference doc to adjust the styles in your document; use a template to handle variable interpolation and customize the presentation of metadata, the position of the table of contents, boilerplate text, etc.</p>
<p>Templates contain <em>variables</em>, which allow for the inclusion of arbitrary information at any point in the file. They may be set at the command line using the <code>-V/--variable</code> option. If a variable is not set, pandoc will look for the key in the document’s metadata, which can be set using either [YAML metadata blocks][Extension: <code>yaml_metadata_block</code>] or with the <code>-M/--metadata</code> option.  In addition, some variables are given default values by pandoc.  See <a href="#variables">Variables</a> below for a list of variables used in pandoc’s default templates.</p>
<p>If you use custom templates, you may need to revise them as pandoc changes.  We recommend tracking the changes in the default templates, and modifying your custom templates accordingly. An easy way to do this is to fork the <a href="https://github.com/jgm/pandoc-templates">pandoc-templates</a> repository and merge in changes after each pandoc release.</p>
<h2 id="template-syntax">Template syntax</h2>
<h3 id="comments">Comments</h3>
<p>Anything between the sequence <code>$--</code> and the end of the line will be treated as a comment and omitted from the output.</p>
<h3 id="delimiters">Delimiters</h3>
<p>To mark variables and control structures in the template, either <code>$</code>…<code>$</code> or <code>${</code>…<code>}</code> may be used as delimiters. The styles may also be mixed in the same template, but the opening and closing delimiter must match in each case.  The opening delimiter may be followed by one or more spaces or tabs, which will be ignored. The closing delimiter may be preceded by one or more spaces or tabs, which will be ignored.</p>
<p>To include a literal <code>$</code> in the document, use <code>$$</code>.</p>
<h3 id="interpolated-variables">Interpolated variables</h3>
<p>A slot for an interpolated variable is a variable name surrounded by matched delimiters.  Variable names must begin with a letter and can contain letters, numbers, <code>_</code>, <code>-</code>, and <code>.</code>.  The keywords <code>it</code>, <code>if</code>, <code>else</code>, <code>endif</code>, <code>for</code>, <code>sep</code>, and <code>endfor</code> may not be used as variable names. Examples:</p>
<pre><code>$foo$
$foo.bar.baz$
$foo_bar.baz-bim$
$ foo $
${foo}
${foo.bar.baz}
${foo_bar.baz-bim}
${ foo }</code></pre>
<p>Variable names with periods are used to get at structured variable values.  So, for example, <code>employee.salary</code> will return the value of the <code>salary</code> field of the object that is the value of the <code>employee</code> field.</p>
<ul>
<li>If the value of the variable is a simple value, it will be rendered verbatim.  (Note that no escaping is done; the assumption is that the calling program will escape the strings appropriately for the output format.)</li>
<li>If the value is a list, the values will be concatenated.</li>
<li>If the value is a map, the string <code>true</code> will be rendered.</li>
<li>Every other value will be rendered as the empty string.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="conditionals">Conditionals</h3>
<p>A conditional begins with <code>if(variable)</code> (enclosed in matched delimiters) and ends with <code>endif</code> (enclosed in matched delimiters).  It may optionally contain an <code>else</code> (enclosed in matched delimiters).  The <code>if</code> section is used if <code>variable</code> has a true value, otherwise the <code>else</code> section is used (if present).  The following values count as true:</p>
<ul>
<li>any map</li>
<li>any array containing at least one true value</li>
<li>any nonempty string</li>
<li>boolean True</li>
</ul>
<p>Note that in YAML metadata (and metadata specified on the command line using <code>-M/--metadata</code>), unquoted <code>true</code> and <code>false</code> will be interpreted as Boolean values. But a variable specified on the command line using <code>-V/--variable</code> will always be given a string value. Hence a conditional <code>if(foo)</code> will be triggered if you use <code>-V foo=false</code>, but not if you use <code>-M foo=false</code>.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<pre><code>$if(foo)$bar$endif$

$if(foo)$
  $foo$
$endif$

$if(foo)$
part one
$else$
part two
$endif$

${if(foo)}bar${endif}

${if(foo)}
  ${foo}
${endif}

${if(foo)}
${ foo.bar }
${else}
no foo!
${endif}</code></pre>
<p>The keyword <code>elseif</code> may be used to simplify complex nested conditionals:</p>
<pre><code>$if(foo)$
XXX
$elseif(bar)$
YYY
$else$
ZZZ
$endif$</code></pre>
<h3 id="for-loops">For loops</h3>
<p>A for loop begins with <code>for(variable)</code> (enclosed in matched delimiters) and ends with <code>endfor</code> (enclosed in matched delimiters).</p>
<ul>
<li>If <code>variable</code> is an array, the material inside the loop will be evaluated repeatedly, with <code>variable</code> being set to each value of the array in turn, and concatenated.</li>
<li>If <code>variable</code> is a map, the material inside will be set to the map.</li>
<li>If the value of the associated variable is not an array or a map, a single iteration will be performed on its value.</li>
</ul>
<p>Examples:</p>
<pre><code>$for(foo)$$foo$$sep$, $endfor$

$for(foo)$
  - $foo.last$, $foo.first$
$endfor$

${ for(foo.bar) }
  - ${ foo.bar.last }, ${ foo.bar.first }
${ endfor }

$for(mymap)$
$it.name$: $it.office$
$endfor$</code></pre>
<p>You may optionally specify a separator between consecutive values using <code>sep</code> (enclosed in matched delimiters).  The material between <code>sep</code> and the <code>endfor</code> is the separator.</p>
<pre><code>${ for(foo) }${ foo }${ sep }, ${ endfor }</code></pre>
<p>Instead of using <code>variable</code> inside the loop, the special anaphoric keyword <code>it</code> may be used.</p>
<pre><code>${ for(foo.bar) }
  - ${ it.last }, ${ it.first }
${ endfor }</code></pre>
<h3 id="partials">Partials</h3>
<p>Partials (subtemplates stored in different files) may be included by using the name of the partial, followed by <code>()</code>, for example:</p>
<pre><code>${ styles() }</code></pre>
<p>Partials will be sought in the directory containing the main template. The file name will be assumed to have the same extension as the main template if it lacks an extension. When calling the partial, the full name including file extension can also be used:</p>
<pre><code>${ styles.html() }</code></pre>
<p>(If a partial is not found in the directory of the template and the template path is given as a relative path, it will also be sought in the <code>templates</code> subdirectory of the user data directory.)</p>
<p>Partials may optionally be applied to variables using a colon:</p>
<pre><code>${ date:fancy() }

${ articles:bibentry() }</code></pre>
<p>If <code>articles</code> is an array, this will iterate over its values, applying the partial <code>bibentry()</code> to each one.  So the second example above is equivalent to</p>
<pre><code>${ for(articles) }
${ it:bibentry() }
${ endfor }</code></pre>
<p>Note that the anaphoric keyword <code>it</code> must be used when iterating over partials.  In the above examples, the <code>bibentry</code> partial should contain <code>it.title</code> (and so on) instead of <code>articles.title</code>.</p>
<p>Final newlines are omitted from included partials.</p>
<p>Partials may include other partials.</p>
<p>A separator between values of an array may be specified in square brackets, immediately after the variable name or partial:</p>
<pre><code>${months[, ]}

${articles:bibentry()[; ]}</code></pre>
<p>The separator in this case is literal and (unlike with <code>sep</code> in an explicit <code>for</code> loop) cannot contain interpolated variables or other template directives.</p>
<h3 id="nesting">Nesting</h3>
<p>To ensure that content is “nested,” that is, subsequent lines indented, use the <code>^</code> directive:</p>
<pre><code>$item.number$  $^$$item.description$ ($item.price$)</code></pre>
<p>In this example, if <code>item.description</code> has multiple lines, they will all be indented to line up with the first line:</p>
<pre><code>00123  A fine bottle of 18-year old
       Oban whiskey. ($148)</code></pre>
<p>To nest multiple lines to the same level, align them with the <code>^</code> directive in the template. For example:</p>
<pre><code>$item.number$  $^$$item.description$ ($item.price$)
               (Available til $item.sellby$.)</code></pre>
<p>will produce</p>
<pre><code>00123  A fine bottle of 18-year old
       Oban whiskey. ($148)
       (Available til March 30, 2020.)</code></pre>
<p>If a variable occurs by itself on a line, preceded by whitespace and not followed by further text or directives on the same line, and the variable’s value contains multiple lines, it will be nested automatically.</p>
<h3 id="breakable-spaces">Breakable spaces</h3>
<p>Normally, spaces in the template itself (as opposed to values of the interpolated variables) are not breakable, but they can be made breakable in part of the template by using the <code>~</code> keyword (ended with another <code>~</code>).</p>
<pre><code>$~$This long line may break if the document is rendered
with a short line length.$~$</code></pre>
<h3 id="pipes">Pipes</h3>
<p>A pipe transforms the value of a variable or partial. Pipes are specified using a slash (<code>/</code>) between the variable name (or partial) and the pipe name. Example:</p>
<pre><code>$for(name)$
$name/uppercase$
$endfor$

$for(metadata/pairs)$
- $it.key$: $it.value$
$endfor$

$employee:name()/uppercase$</code></pre>
<p>Pipes may be chained:</p>
<pre><code>$for(employees/pairs)$
$it.key/alpha/uppercase$. $it.name$
$endfor$</code></pre>
<p>Some pipes take parameters:</p>
<pre><code>|----------------------|------------|
$for(employee)$
$it.name.first/uppercase/left 20 &quot;| &quot;$$it.name.salary/right 10 &quot; | &quot; &quot; |&quot;$
$endfor$
|----------------------|------------|</code></pre>
<p>Currently the following pipes are predefined:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><code>pairs</code>:  Converts a map or array to an array of maps, each with <code>key</code> and <code>value</code> fields.  If the original value was an array, the <code>key</code> will be the array index, starting with 1.</p></li>
<li><p><code>uppercase</code>:  Converts text to uppercase.</p></li>
<li><p><code>lowercase</code>:  Converts text to lowercase.</p></li>
<li><p><code>length</code>:  Returns the length of the value:  number of characters for a textual value, number of elements for a map or array.</p></li>
<li><p><code>reverse</code>:  Reverses a textual value or array, and has no effect on other values.</p></li>
<li><p><code>first</code>: Returns the first value of an array, if applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original value.</p></li>
<li><p><code>last</code>: Returns the last value of an array, if applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original value.</p></li>
<li><p><code>rest</code>: Returns all but the first value of an array, if applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original value.</p></li>
<li><p><code>allbutlast</code>: Returns all but the last value of an array, if applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original value.</p></li>
<li><p><code>chomp</code>:  Removes trailing newlines (and breakable space).</p></li>
<li><p><code>nowrap</code>:  Disables line wrapping on breakable spaces.</p></li>
<li><p><code>alpha</code>:  Converts textual values that can be read as an integer into lowercase alphabetic characters <code>a..z</code> (mod 26). This can be used to get lettered enumeration from array indices.  To get uppercase letters, chain with <code>uppercase</code>.</p></li>
<li><p><code>roman</code>:  Converts textual values that can be read as an integer into lowercase roman numerals. This can be used to get lettered enumeration from array indices. To get uppercase roman, chain with <code>uppercase</code>.</p></li>
<li><p><code>left n &quot;leftborder&quot; &quot;rightborder&quot;</code>:  Renders a textual value in a block of width <code>n</code>, aligned to the left, with an optional left and right border.  Has no effect on other values. This can be used to align material in tables.  Widths are positive integers indicating the number of characters.  Borders are strings inside double quotes; literal <code>&quot;</code> and <code>\</code> characters must be backslash-escaped.</p></li>
<li><p><code>right n &quot;leftborder&quot; &quot;rightborder&quot;</code>:  Renders a textual value in a block of width <code>n</code>, aligned to the right, and has no effect on other values.</p></li>
<li><p><code>center n &quot;leftborder&quot; &quot;rightborder&quot;</code>:  Renders a textual value in a block of width <code>n</code>, aligned to the center, and has no effect on other values.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="variables">Variables</h2>
<h3 id="metadata-variables">Metadata variables</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>title</code>, <code>author</code>, <code>date</code></dt>
<dd>
allow identification of basic aspects of the document.  Included
in PDF metadata through LaTeX and ConTeXt.  These can be set through a [pandoc title block][Extension: <code>pandoc_title_block</code>], which allows for multiple authors, or through a [YAML metadata block][Extension: <code>yaml_metadata_block</code>]:
<pre><code>---
author:
- Aristotle
- Peter Abelard
...</code></pre>
Note that if you just want to set PDF or HTML metadata, without including a title block in the document itself, you can set the <code>title-meta</code>, <code>author-meta</code>, and <code>date-meta</code> variables.  (By default these are set automatically, based on <code>title</code>, <code>author</code>, and <code>date</code>.) The page title in HTML is set by <code>pagetitle</code>, which is equal to <code>title</code> by default.
</dd>
<dt><code>subtitle</code></dt>
<dd>
document subtitle, included in HTML, EPUB, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and docx
documents
</dd>
<dt><code>abstract</code></dt>
<dd>
document summary, included in HTML, LaTeX, ConTeXt, AsciiDoc, and docx
documents
</dd>
<dt><code>abstract-title</code></dt>
<dd>
title of abstract, currently used only in HTML, EPUB, docx, and Typst.
This will be set automatically to a localized value, depending on <code>lang</code>, but can be manually overridden.
</dd>
<dt><code>keywords</code></dt>
<dd>
list of keywords to be included in HTML, PDF, ODT, pptx, docx
and AsciiDoc metadata; repeat as for <code>author</code>, above
</dd>
<dt><code>subject</code></dt>
<dd>
document subject, included in ODT, PDF, docx, EPUB, and pptx metadata
</dd>
<dt><code>description</code></dt>
<dd>
document description, included in ODT, docx and pptx metadata. Some
applications show this as <code>Comments</code> metadata.
</dd>
<dt><code>category</code></dt>
<dd>
document category, included in docx and pptx metadata
</dd>
</dl>
<p>Additionally, any root-level string metadata, not included in ODT, docx or pptx metadata is added as a <em>custom property</em>. The following <a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html" title="YAML v1.2 Spec">YAML</a> metadata block for instance:</p>
<pre><code>---
title:  &#039;This is the title&#039;
subtitle: &quot;This is the subtitle&quot;
author:
- Author One
- Author Two
description: |
    This is a long
    description.

    It consists of two paragraphs
...</code></pre>
<p>will include <code>title</code>, <code>author</code> and <code>description</code> as standard document properties and <code>subtitle</code> as a custom property when converting to docx, ODT or pptx.</p>
<h3 id="language-variables">Language variables</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>lang</code></dt>
<dd>
identifies the main language of the document using IETF language
tags (following the [BCP 47] standard), such as <code>en</code> or <code>en-GB</code>. The [Language subtag lookup] tool can look up or verify these tags. This affects most formats, and controls hyphenation in PDF output when using LaTeX (through [<code>babel</code>] and [<code>polyglossia</code>]) or ConTeXt.
Use native pandoc [Divs and Spans] with the <code>lang</code> attribute to switch the language:
<pre><code>---
lang: en-GB
...

Text in the main document language (British English).

::: {lang=fr-CA}
&gt; Cette citation est écrite en français canadien.
:::

More text in English. [&#039;Zitat auf Deutsch.&#039;]{lang=de}</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>dir</code></dt>
<dd>
the base script direction, either <code>rtl</code> (right-to-left)
or <code>ltr</code> (left-to-right).
For bidirectional documents, native pandoc <code>span</code>s and <code>div</code>s with the <code>dir</code> attribute (value <code>rtl</code> or <code>ltr</code>) can be used to override the base direction in some output formats.  This may not always be necessary if the final renderer (e.g. the browser, when generating HTML) supports the [Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm].
When using LaTeX for bidirectional documents, only the <code>xelatex</code> engine is fully supported (use <code>--pdf-engine=xelatex</code>).
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-html">Variables for HTML</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>document-css</code></dt>
<dd>
Enables inclusion of most of the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS">CSS</a> in the <code>styles.html</code>
<a href="#partials">partial</a> (have a look with <code>pandoc --print-default-data-file=templates/styles.html</code>). Unless you use <code>--css</code>, this variable is set to <code>true</code> by default. You can disable it with e.g. <code>pandoc -M document-css=false</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfont</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>font-family</code> property on the <code>html</code> element.
</dd>
<dt><code>fontsize</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the base CSS <code>font-size</code>, which you’d usually set
to e.g. <code>20px</code>, but it also accepts <code>pt</code> (12pt = 16px in most browsers).
</dd>
<dt><code>fontcolor</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>color</code> property on the <code>html</code> element.
</dd>
<dt><code>linkcolor</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>color</code> property on all links.
</dd>
<dt><code>monofont</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>font-family</code> property on <code>code</code> elements.
</dd>
<dt><code>monobackgroundcolor</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>background-color</code> property on <code>code</code> elements
and adds extra padding.
</dd>
<dt><code>linestretch</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>line-height</code> property on the <code>html</code> element,
which is preferred to be unitless.
</dd>
<dt><code>maxwidth</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>max-width</code> property (default is 36em).
</dd>
<dt><code>backgroundcolor</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>background-color</code> property on the <code>html</code> element.
</dd>
<dt><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>, <code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the corresponding CSS <code>padding</code> properties on the <code>body</code> element.
</dd>
</dl>
<p>To override or extend some <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS">CSS</a> for just one document, include for example:</p>
<pre><code>---
header-includes: |
  &lt;style&gt;
  blockquote {
    font-style: italic;
  }
  tr.even {
    background-color: #f0f0f0;
  }
  td, th {
    padding: 0.5em 2em 0.5em 0.5em;
  }
  tbody {
    border-bottom: none;
  }
  &lt;/style&gt;
---</code></pre>
<h3 id="variables-for-html-math">Variables for HTML math</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>classoption</code></dt>
<dd>
when using <code>--katex</code>, you can render display math equations
flush left using <a href="#layout">YAML metadata</a> or with <code>-M classoption=fleqn</code>.
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-html-slides">Variables for HTML slides</h3>
<p>These affect HTML output when <a href="#slide-shows">producing slide shows with pandoc</a>.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>institute</code></dt>
<dd>
author affiliations: can be a list when there are multiple authors
</dd>
<dt><code>revealjs-url</code></dt>
<dd>
base URL for reveal.js documents (defaults to
<code>https://unpkg.com/reveal.js@^5</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>s5-url</code></dt>
<dd>
base URL for S5 documents (defaults to <code>s5/default</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>slidy-url</code></dt>
<dd>
base URL for Slidy documents (defaults to
<code>https://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy2</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>slideous-url</code></dt>
<dd>
base URL for Slideous documents (defaults to <code>slideous</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>title-slide-attributes</code></dt>
<dd>
additional attributes for the title slide of reveal.js slide shows.
See [background in reveal.js, beamer, and pptx] for an example.
</dd>
<dt><code>highlightjs-theme</code></dt>
<dd>
highlight.js theme for code highlighting when using
<code>--syntax-highlighting=idiomatic</code> with reveal.js (defaults to <code>monokai</code>). See the [highlight.js demo page] for available themes.
</dd>
</dl>
<p>All <a href="https://revealjs.com/config/">reveal.js configuration options</a> are available as variables. To turn off boolean flags that default to true in reveal.js, use <code>0</code>.</p>
<h3 id="variables-for-beamer-slides">Variables for Beamer slides</h3>
<p>These variables change the appearance of PDF slides using <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/beamer"><code>beamer</code></a>.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>aspectratio</code></dt>
<dd>
slide aspect ratio (<code>43</code> for 4:3 [default], <code>169</code> for 16:9,
<code>1610</code> for 16:10, <code>149</code> for 14:9, <code>141</code> for 1.41:1, <code>54</code> for 5:4, <code>32</code> for 3:2)
</dd>
<dt><code>beameroption</code></dt>
<dd>
add extra beamer option with <code>\setbeameroption{}</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>institute</code></dt>
<dd>
author affiliations: can be a list when there are multiple authors
</dd>
<dt><code>logo</code></dt>
<dd>
logo image for slides
</dd>
<dt><code>logooptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options for logo image (e.g., <code>width</code>, <code>height</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>navigation</code></dt>
<dd>
controls navigation symbols (default is <code>empty</code> for no navigation
symbols; other valid values are <code>frame</code>, <code>vertical</code>, and <code>horizontal</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>section-titles</code></dt>
<dd>
enables “title pages” for new sections (default is true)
</dd>
<dt><code>theme</code>, <code>colortheme</code>, <code>fonttheme</code>, <code>innertheme</code>, <code>outertheme</code></dt>
<dd>
beamer themes
</dd>
<dt><code>themeoptions</code>, <code>colorthemeoptions</code>, <code>fontthemeoptions</code>, <code>innerthemeoptions</code>, <code>outerthemeoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options for LaTeX beamer themes (lists)
</dd>
<dt><code>titlegraphic</code></dt>
<dd>
image for title slide: can be a list
</dd>
<dt><code>titlegraphicoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options for title slide image (e.g., <code>width</code>, <code>height</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>shorttitle</code>, <code>shortsubtitle</code>, <code>shortauthor</code>, <code>shortinstitute</code>, <code>shortdate</code></dt>
<dd>
some beamer themes use short versions of the title, subtitle, author,
institute, date
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-powerpoint">Variables for PowerPoint</h3>
<p>These variables control the visual aspects of a slide show that are not easily controlled via templates.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>monofont</code></dt>
<dd>
font to use for code.
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-latex">Variables for LaTeX</h3>
<p>Pandoc uses these variables when <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a PDF</a> with a LaTeX engine.</p>
<h4 id="layout">Layout</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>block-headings</code></dt>
<dd>
make <code>\paragraph</code> and <code>\subparagraph</code> (fourth- and
fifth-level headings, or fifth- and sixth-level with book classes) free-standing rather than run-in; requires further formatting to distinguish from <code>\subsubsection</code> (third- or fourth-level headings). Instead of using this option, [KOMA-Script] can adjust headings more extensively:
<pre><code>---
documentclass: scrartcl
header-includes: |
  \RedeclareSectionCommand[
    beforeskip=-10pt plus -2pt minus -1pt,
    afterskip=1sp plus -1sp minus 1sp,
    font=\normalfont\itshape]{paragraph}
  \RedeclareSectionCommand[
    beforeskip=-10pt plus -2pt minus -1pt,
    afterskip=1sp plus -1sp minus 1sp,
    font=\normalfont\scshape,
    indent=0pt]{subparagraph}
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>classoption</code></dt>
<dd>
option for document class, e.g. <code>oneside</code>; repeat for multiple options:
<pre><code>---
classoption:
- twocolumn
- landscape
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>documentclass</code></dt>
<dd>
document class: usually one of the standard classes,
[<code>article</code>], [<code>book</code>], and [<code>report</code>]; the [KOMA-Script] equivalents, <code>scrartcl</code>, <code>scrbook</code>, and <code>scrreprt</code>, which default to smaller margins; or [<code>memoir</code>]
</dd>
<dt><code>geometry</code></dt>
<dd>
option for <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/geometry"><code>geometry</code></a> package, e.g. <code>margin=1in</code>;
repeat for multiple options:
<pre><code>---
geometry:
- top=30mm
- left=20mm
- heightrounded
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>shorthands</code></dt>
<dd>
Enable language-specific shorthands when loading <code>babel</code>.
(By default, pandoc includes <code>shorthands=off</code> when loading <code>babel</code>, disabling language-specific shorthands.)
</dd>
<dt><code>hyperrefoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
option for <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/hyperref"><code>hyperref</code></a> package, e.g. <code>linktoc=all</code>;
repeat for multiple options:
<pre><code>---
hyperrefoptions:
- linktoc=all
- pdfwindowui
- pdfpagemode=FullScreen
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>indent</code></dt>
<dd>
if true, pandoc will use document class settings for
indentation (the default LaTeX template otherwise removes indentation and adds space between paragraphs)
</dd>
<dt><code>linestretch</code></dt>
<dd>
adjusts line spacing using the <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/setspace"><code>setspace</code></a>
package, e.g. <code>1.25</code>, <code>1.5</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>, <code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></dt>
<dd>
sets margins if <code>geometry</code> is not used (otherwise <code>geometry</code>
overrides these)
</dd>
<dt><code>pagestyle</code></dt>
<dd>
control <code>\pagestyle{}</code>: the default article class
supports <code>plain</code> (default), <code>empty</code> (no running heads or page numbers), and <code>headings</code> (section titles in running heads)
</dd>
<dt><code>papersize</code></dt>
<dd>
paper size, e.g. <code>letter</code>, <code>a4</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>secnumdepth</code></dt>
<dd>
numbering depth for sections (with <code>--number-sections</code> option
or <code>numbersections</code> variable)
</dd>
<dt><code>beamerarticle</code></dt>
<dd>
produce an article from Beamer slides.  Note: if you set
this variable, you must specify the beamer writer but use the default <em>LaTeX</em> template: for example, <code>pandoc -Vbeamerarticle -t beamer --template default.latex</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>handout</code></dt>
<dd>
produce a handout version of Beamer slides (with overlays condensed
into single slides)
</dd>
<dt><code>csquotes</code></dt>
<dd>
load <code>csquotes</code> package and use <code>\enquote</code> or <code>\enquote*</code> for quoted text.
</dd>
<dt><code>csquotesoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options to use for <code>csquotes</code> package (repeat for multiple options).
</dd>
<dt><code>babeloptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options to pass to the babel package (may be repeated for
multiple options). This defaults to <code>provide=*</code> if the main language isn’t a European language written with Latin or Cyrillic script or Vietnamese. Most users will not need to adjust the default setting.
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 id="fonts">Fonts</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>fontenc</code></dt>
<dd>
allows font encoding to be specified through <code>fontenc</code> package (with
<code>pdflatex</code>); default is <code>T1</code> (see [LaTeX font encodings guide])
</dd>
<dt><code>fontfamily</code></dt>
<dd>
font package for use with <code>pdflatex</code>:
[TeX Live] includes many options, documented in the [LaTeX Font Catalogue]. The default is [Latin Modern][<code>lm</code>].
</dd>
<dt><code>fontfamilyoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options for package used as <code>fontfamily</code>; repeat for multiple options.
For example, to use the Libertine font with proportional lowercase (old-style) figures through the [<code>libertinus</code>] package:
<pre><code>---
fontfamily: libertinus
fontfamilyoptions:
- osf
- p
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>fontsize</code></dt>
<dd>
font size for body text. The standard classes allow 10pt, 11pt, and
12pt.  To use another size, set <code>documentclass</code> to one of the [KOMA-Script] classes, such as <code>scrartcl</code> or <code>scrbook</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>, <code>monofont</code>, <code>mathfont</code>, <code>CJKmainfont</code>, <code>CJKsansfont</code>, <code>CJKmonofont</code></dt>
<dd>
font families for use with <code>xelatex</code> or
<code>lualatex</code>: take the name of any system font, using the [<code>fontspec</code>] package.  <code>CJKmainfont</code> uses the [<code>xecjk</code>] package if <code>xelatex</code> is used, or the [<code>luatexja</code>] package if <code>lualatex</code> is used.
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfontoptions</code>, <code>sansfontoptions</code>, <code>monofontoptions</code>, <code>mathfontoptions</code>, <code>CJKoptions</code>, <code>luatexjapresetoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options to use with <code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>, <code>monofont</code>, <code>mathfont</code>,
<code>CJKmainfont</code> in <code>xelatex</code> and <code>lualatex</code>.  Allow for any choices available through [<code>fontspec</code>]; repeat for multiple options. For example, to use the [TeX Gyre] version of Palatino with lowercase figures:
<pre><code>---
mainfont: TeX Gyre Pagella
mainfontoptions:
- Numbers=Lowercase
- Numbers=Proportional
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfontfallback</code>, <code>sansfontfallback</code>, <code>monofontfallback</code></dt>
<dd>
fonts to try if a glyph isn’t found in <code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>, or <code>monofont</code>
respectively. These are lists. The font name must be followed by a colon and optionally a set of options, for example:
<pre><code>---
mainfontfallback:
  - &quot;FreeSans:&quot;
  - &quot;NotoColorEmoji:mode=harf&quot;
...</code></pre>
Font fallbacks currently only work with <code>lualatex</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>babelfonts</code></dt>
<dd>
a map of Babel language names (e.g. <code>chinese</code>) to the font
to be used with the language:
<pre><code>---
babelfonts:
  chinese-hant: &quot;Noto Serif CJK TC&quot;
  russian: &quot;Noto Serif&quot;
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>microtypeoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options to pass to the microtype package
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 id="links">Links</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>colorlinks</code></dt>
<dd>
add color to link text; automatically enabled if any of
<code>linkcolor</code>, <code>filecolor</code>, <code>citecolor</code>, <code>urlcolor</code>, or <code>toccolor</code> are set
</dd>
<dt><code>boxlinks</code></dt>
<dd>
add visible box around links (has no effect if <code>colorlinks</code> is set)
</dd>
<dt><code>linkcolor</code>, <code>filecolor</code>, <code>citecolor</code>, <code>urlcolor</code>, <code>toccolor</code></dt>
<dd>
color for internal links, external links, citation links, linked
URLs, and links in table of contents, respectively: uses options allowed by [<code>xcolor</code>], including the <code>dvipsnames</code>, <code>svgnames</code>, and <code>x11names</code> lists
</dd>
<dt><code>links-as-notes</code></dt>
<dd>
causes links to be printed as footnotes
</dd>
<dt><code>urlstyle</code></dt>
<dd>
style for URLs (e.g., <code>tt</code>, <code>rm</code>, <code>sf</code>, and, the default, <code>same</code>)
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 id="front-matter">Front matter</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>lof</code>, <code>lot</code></dt>
<dd>
include list of figures, list of tables (can also be set using
<code>--lof/--list-of-figures</code>, <code>--lot/--list-of-tables</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>thanks</code></dt>
<dd>
contents of acknowledgments footnote after document title
</dd>
<dt><code>toc</code></dt>
<dd>
include table of contents (can also be set using
<code>--toc/--table-of-contents</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>toc-depth</code></dt>
<dd>
level of section to include in table of contents
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 id="biblatex-bibliographies">BibLaTeX Bibliographies</h4>
<p>These variables function when using BibLaTeX for <a href="#citation-rendering">citation rendering</a>.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>biblatexoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
list of options for biblatex
</dd>
<dt><code>biblio-style</code></dt>
<dd>
bibliography style, when used with <code>--natbib</code> and <code>--biblatex</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>biblio-title</code></dt>
<dd>
bibliography title, when used with <code>--natbib</code> and <code>--biblatex</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>bibliography</code></dt>
<dd>
bibliography to use for resolving references
</dd>
<dt><code>natbiboptions</code></dt>
<dd>
list of options for natbib
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 id="other">Other</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>pdf-trailer-id</code></dt>
<dd>
the PDF trailer ID; must be two PDF byte strings if set,
conventionally with 16 bytes each. E.g., <code>&lt;00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff&gt; &lt;00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff&gt;</code>.
See the section on [reproducible builds].
</dd>
<dt><code>pdfstandard</code></dt>
<dd>
PDF standard(s) for the document, e.g. <code>ua-2</code>, <code>a-4f</code>.
Supports PDF/A, PDF/X, and PDF/UA variants. Requires LuaLaTeX and LaTeX 2023+. Repeat for multiple standards:
<pre><code>---
pdfstandard:
- ua-2
- a-4f
...</code></pre>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-context">Variables for ConTeXt</h3>
<p>Pandoc uses these variables when <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a PDF</a> with ConTeXt.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>fontsize</code></dt>
<dd>
font size for body text (e.g. <code>10pt</code>, <code>12pt</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>headertext</code>, <code>footertext</code></dt>
<dd>
text to be placed in running header or footer (see [ConTeXt Headers and
Footers]); repeat up to four times for different placement
</dd>
<dt><code>indenting</code></dt>
<dd>
controls indentation of paragraphs, e.g. <code>yes,small,next</code> (see
[ConTeXt Indentation]); repeat for multiple options
</dd>
<dt><code>interlinespace</code></dt>
<dd>
adjusts line spacing, e.g. <code>4ex</code> (using <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Command/setupinterlinespace"><code>setupinterlinespace</code></a>);
repeat for multiple options
</dd>
<dt><code>layout</code></dt>
<dd>
options for page margins and text arrangement (see <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Document_layout_and_layers/Tutorials">ConTeXt Layout</a>);
repeat for multiple options
</dd>
<dt><code>linkcolor</code>, <code>contrastcolor</code></dt>
<dd>
color for links outside and inside a page, e.g. <code>red</code>, <code>blue</code> (see
[ConTeXt Color])
</dd>
<dt><code>linkstyle</code></dt>
<dd>
typeface style for links, e.g. <code>normal</code>, <code>bold</code>, <code>slanted</code>, <code>boldslanted</code>,
<code>type</code>, <code>cap</code>, <code>small</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>lof</code>, <code>lot</code></dt>
<dd>
include list of figures, list of tables
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>, <code>monofont</code>, <code>mathfont</code></dt>
<dd>
font families: take the name of any system font (see
[ConTeXt Font Switching])
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfontfallback</code>, <code>sansfontfallback</code>, <code>monofontfallback</code></dt>
<dd>
list of fonts to try, in order, if a glyph is not found in the
main font. Use <code>\definefallbackfamily</code>-compatible font name syntax. Emoji fonts are unsupported.
</dd>
<dt><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>, <code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></dt>
<dd>
sets margins, if <code>layout</code> is not used (otherwise <code>layout</code>
overrides these)
</dd>
<dt><code>pagenumbering</code></dt>
<dd>
page number style and location (using <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Command/setuppagenumbering"><code>setuppagenumbering</code></a>);
repeat for multiple options
</dd>
<dt><code>papersize</code></dt>
<dd>
paper size, e.g. <code>letter</code>, <code>A4</code>, <code>landscape</code> (see <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Document_layout_and_layers/Paper_setup">ConTeXt Paper Setup</a>);
repeat for multiple options
</dd>
<dt><code>pdfa</code></dt>
<dd>
adds to the preamble the setup necessary to generate PDF/A
of the type specified, e.g. <code>1a:2005</code>, <code>2a</code>. If no type is specified (i.e. the value is set to True, by e.g. <code>--metadata=pdfa</code> or <code>pdfa: true</code> in a YAML metadata block), <code>1b:2005</code> will be used as default, for reasons of backwards compatibility. Using <code>--variable=pdfa</code> without specified value is not supported.  To successfully generate PDF/A the required ICC color profiles have to be available and the content and all included files (such as images) have to be standard-conforming. The ICC profiles and output intent may be specified using the variables <code>pdfaiccprofile</code> and <code>pdfaintent</code>.  See also [ConTeXt PDFA] for more details.
</dd>
<dt><code>pdfaiccprofile</code></dt>
<dd>
when used in conjunction with <code>pdfa</code>, specifies the ICC profile to use
in the PDF, e.g. <code>default.cmyk</code>. If left unspecified, <code>sRGB.icc</code> is used as default. May be repeated to include multiple profiles. Note that the profiles have to be available on the system. They can be obtained from [ConTeXt ICC Profiles].
</dd>
<dt><code>pdfaintent</code></dt>
<dd>
when used in conjunction with <code>pdfa</code>, specifies the output intent for
the colors, e.g. <code>ISO coated v2 300\letterpercent\space (ECI)</code> If left unspecified, <code>sRGB IEC61966-2.1</code> is used as default.
</dd>
<dt><code>toc</code></dt>
<dd>
include table of contents (can also be set using
<code>--toc/--table-of-contents</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>urlstyle</code></dt>
<dd>
typeface style for links without link text, e.g. <code>normal</code>, <code>bold</code>, <code>slanted</code>, <code>boldslanted</code>,
<code>type</code>, <code>cap</code>, <code>small</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>whitespace</code></dt>
<dd>
spacing between paragraphs, e.g. <code>none</code>, <code>small</code> (using
[<code>setupwhitespace</code>])
</dd>
<dt><code>includesource</code></dt>
<dd>
include all source documents as file attachments in the PDF file
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-wkhtmltopdf">Variables for <code>wkhtmltopdf</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc uses these variables when <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a PDF</a> with <a href="https://wkhtmltopdf.org"><code>wkhtmltopdf</code></a>. The <code>--css</code> option also affects the output.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>footer-html</code>, <code>header-html</code></dt>
<dd>
add information to the header and footer
</dd>
<dt><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>, <code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></dt>
<dd>
set the page margins
</dd>
<dt><code>papersize</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the PDF paper size
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-man-pages">Variables for man pages</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>adjusting</code></dt>
<dd>
adjusts text to left (<code>l</code>), right (<code>r</code>), center (<code>c</code>),
or both (<code>b</code>) margins
</dd>
<dt><code>footer</code></dt>
<dd>
footer in man pages
</dd>
<dt><code>header</code></dt>
<dd>
header in man pages
</dd>
<dt><code>section</code></dt>
<dd>
section number in man pages
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-texinfo">Variables for Texinfo</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>version</code></dt>
<dd>
version of software (used in title and title page)
</dd>
<dt><code>filename</code></dt>
<dd>
name of info file to be generated (defaults to a name based on the
texi filename)
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-typst">Variables for Typst</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>template</code></dt>
<dd>
Typst template to use (relative path only).
</dd>
<dt><code>margin</code></dt>
<dd>
A dictionary with the fields defined in the Typst documentation:
<code>x</code>, <code>y</code>, <code>top</code>, <code>bottom</code>, <code>left</code>, <code>right</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>papersize</code></dt>
<dd>
Paper size: <code>a4</code>, <code>us-letter</code>, etc.
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfont</code></dt>
<dd>
Name of system font to use for the main font.
</dd>
<dt><code>fontsize</code></dt>
<dd>
Font size (e.g., <code>12pt</code>).
</dd>
<dt><code>section-numbering</code></dt>
<dd>
Schema to use for numbering sections, e.g. <code>1.A.1</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>page-numbering</code></dt>
<dd>
Schema to use for numbering pages, e.g. <code>1</code> or <code>i</code>, or
an empty string to omit page numbering.
</dd>
<dt><code>columns</code></dt>
<dd>
Number of columns for body text.
</dd>
<dt><code>thanks</code></dt>
<dd>
contents of acknowledgments footnote after document title
</dd>
<dt><code>mathfont</code>, <code>codefont</code></dt>
<dd>
Name of system font to use for math and code, respectively.
</dd>
<dt><code>linestretch</code></dt>
<dd>
adjusts line spacing, e.g. <code>1.25</code>, <code>1.5</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>linkcolor</code>, <code>filecolor</code>, <code>citecolor</code></dt>
<dd>
color for external links, internal links, and citation links,
respectively: expects a hexadecimal color code
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-ms">Variables for ms</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>fontfamily</code></dt>
<dd>
<code>A</code> (Avant Garde), <code>B</code> (Bookman), <code>C</code> (Helvetica), <code>HN</code>
(Helvetica Narrow), <code>P</code> (Palatino), or <code>T</code> (Times New Roman). This setting does not affect source code, which is always displayed using monospace Courier. These built-in fonts are limited in their coverage of characters. Additional fonts may be installed using the script [<code>install-font.sh</code>] provided by Peter Schaffter and documented in detail on [his web site][ms-font-steps].
</dd>
<dt><code>indent</code></dt>
<dd>
paragraph indent (e.g. <code>2m</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>lineheight</code></dt>
<dd>
line height (e.g. <code>12p</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>pointsize</code></dt>
<dd>
point size (e.g. <code>10p</code>)
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-set-automatically">Variables set automatically</h3>
<p>Pandoc sets these variables automatically in response to <a href="#options">options</a> or document contents; users can also modify them. These vary depending on the output format, and include the following:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>body</code></dt>
<dd>
body of document
</dd>
<dt><code>date-meta</code></dt>
<dd>
the <code>date</code> variable converted to ISO 8601 YYYY-MM-DD,
included in all HTML based formats (dzslides, epub, html, html4, html5, revealjs, s5, slideous, slidy). The recognized formats for <code>date</code> are: <code>mm/dd/yyyy</code>, <code>mm/dd/yy</code>, <code>yyyy-mm-dd</code> (ISO 8601), <code>dd MM yyyy</code> (e.g. either <code>02 Apr 2018</code> or <code>02 April 2018</code>), <code>MM dd, yyyy</code> (e.g. <code>Apr. 02, 2018</code> or <code>April 02, 2018), </code>yyyy[mm[dd]]<code>(e.g.</code>20180402, <code>201804</code> or <code>2018</code>).
</dd>
<dt><code>header-includes</code></dt>
<dd>
contents specified by <code>-H/--include-in-header</code> (may have multiple
values)
</dd>
<dt><code>include-before</code></dt>
<dd>
contents specified by <code>-B/--include-before-body</code> (may have
multiple values)
</dd>
<dt><code>include-after</code></dt>
<dd>
contents specified by <code>-A/--include-after-body</code> (may have
multiple values)
</dd>
<dt><code>meta-json</code></dt>
<dd>
JSON representation of all of the document’s metadata. Field
values are transformed to the selected output format.
</dd>
<dt><code>numbersections</code></dt>
<dd>
non-null value if <code>-N/--number-sections</code> was specified
</dd>
<dt><code>sourcefile</code>, <code>outputfile</code></dt>
<dd>
source and destination filenames, as given on the command line.
<code>sourcefile</code> can also be a list if input comes from multiple files, or empty if input is from stdin. You can use the following snippet in your template to distinguish them:
<pre><code>$if(sourcefile)$
$for(sourcefile)$
$sourcefile$
$endfor$
$else$
(stdin)
$endif$</code></pre>
Similarly, <code>outputfile</code> can be <code>-</code> if output goes to the terminal.
If you need absolute paths, use e.g. <code>$curdir$/$sourcefile$</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>pdf-engine</code></dt>
<dd>
name of PDF engine if provided using <code>--pdf-engine</code>, or the
default engine for the format if PDF output is requested.
</dd>
<dt><code>curdir</code></dt>
<dd>
working directory from which pandoc is run.
</dd>
<dt><code>pandoc-version</code></dt>
<dd>
pandoc version.
</dd>
<dt><code>toc</code></dt>
<dd>
non-null value if <code>--toc/--table-of-contents</code> was specified
</dd>
<dt><code>toc-title</code></dt>
<dd>
title of table of contents (works only with EPUB,
HTML, revealjs, opendocument, odt, docx, pptx, beamer, LaTeX). Note that in docx and pptx a custom <code>toc-title</code> will be picked up from metadata, but cannot be set as a variable.
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="extensions">Extensions</h1>
<p>The behavior of some of the readers and writers can be adjusted by enabling or disabling various extensions.</p>
<p>An extension can be enabled by adding <code>+EXTENSION</code> to the format name and disabled by adding <code>-EXTENSION</code>. For example, <code>--from markdown_strict+footnotes</code> is strict Markdown with footnotes enabled, while <code>--from markdown-footnotes-pipe_tables</code> is pandoc’s Markdown without footnotes or pipe tables.</p>
<p>The Markdown reader and writer make by far the most use of extensions. Extensions only used by them are therefore covered in the section [Pandoc’s Markdown] below (see <a href="#markdown-variants">Markdown variants</a> for <code>commonmark</code> and <code>gfm</code>). In the following, extensions that also work for other formats are covered.</p>
<p>Note that Markdown extensions added to the <code>ipynb</code> format affect Markdown cells in Jupyter notebooks (as do command-line options like <code>--markdown-headings</code>).</p>
<h2 id="typography">Typography</h2>
<h3 id="extension-smart">Extension: <code>smart</code></h3>
<p>Interpret straight quotes as curly quotes, <code>---</code> as em-dashes, <code>--</code> as en-dashes, and <code>...</code> as ellipses. Nonbreaking spaces are inserted after certain abbreviations, such as “Mr.”</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
markdown, commonmark, latex, mediawiki, org, rst, twiki, <code>html</code>
</dd>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, <code>org</code>, <code>rst</code>
</dd>
<dt>enabled by default in</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code> (both input and output)
</dd>
</dl>
<p>Note: If you are <em>writing</em> Markdown, then the <code>smart</code> extension has the reverse effect: what would have been curly quotes comes out straight.</p>
<p>In LaTeX, <code>smart</code> means to use the standard TeX ligatures for quotation marks (<code>``</code> and <code>&#039;&#039;</code> for double quotes, <code>`</code> and <code>&#039;</code> for single quotes) and dashes (<code>--</code> for en-dash and <code>---</code> for em-dash).  If <code>smart</code> is disabled, then in reading LaTeX pandoc will parse these characters literally.  In writing LaTeX, enabling <code>smart</code> tells pandoc to use the ligatures when possible; if <code>smart</code> is disabled pandoc will use unicode quotation mark and dash characters.</p>
<h2 id="headings-and-sections">Headings and sections</h2>
<h3 id="extension-auto_identifiers">Extension: <code>auto_identifiers</code></h3>
<p>A heading without an explicitly specified identifier will be automatically assigned a unique identifier based on the heading text.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>rst</code>, <code>mediawiki</code>, <code>textile</code>, <code>man</code>
</dd>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>muse</code>
</dd>
<dt>enabled by default in</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>muse</code>, <code>man</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>The default algorithm used to derive the identifier from the heading text is:</p>
<ul>
<li>Remove all formatting, links, etc.</li>
<li>Remove all footnotes.</li>
<li>Remove all non-alphanumeric characters, except underscores, hyphens, and periods.</li>
<li>Replace all spaces and newlines with hyphens.</li>
<li>Convert all alphabetic characters to lowercase.</li>
<li>Remove everything up to the first letter (identifiers may not begin with a number or punctuation mark).</li>
<li>If nothing is left after this, use the identifier <code>section</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Thus, for example,</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">Heading</th><th>Identifier</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>Heading identifiers in HTML</code></td><td><code>heading-identifiers-in-html</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>Maître d&#039;hôtel</code></td><td><code>maître-dhôtel</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>*Dogs*?--in *my* house?</code></td><td><code>dogs--in-my-house</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>[HTML], [S5], or [RTF]?</code></td><td><code>html-s5-or-rtf</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>3. Applications</code></td><td><code>applications</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"><code>33</code></td><td><code>section</code></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>These rules should, in most cases, allow one to determine the identifier from the heading text. The exception is when several headings have the same text; in this case, the first will get an identifier as described above; the second will get the same identifier with <code>-1</code> appended; the third with <code>-2</code>; and so on.</p>
<p>(However, a different algorithm is used if <code>gfm_auto_identifiers</code> is enabled; see below.)</p>
<p>These identifiers are used to provide link targets in the table of contents generated by the <code>--toc|--table-of-contents</code> option. They also make it easy to provide links from one section of a document to another. A link to this section, for example, might look like this:</p>
<pre><code>See the section on
[heading identifiers](#heading-identifiers-in-html-latex-and-context).</code></pre>
<p>Note, however, that this method of providing links to sections works only in HTML, LaTeX, and ConTeXt formats.</p>
<p>If the <code>--section-divs</code> option is specified, then each section will be wrapped in a <code>section</code> (or a <code>div</code>, if <code>html4</code> was specified), and the identifier will be attached to the enclosing <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> (or <code>&lt;div&gt;</code>) tag rather than the heading itself. This allows entire sections to be manipulated using JavaScript or treated differently in CSS.</p>
<h3 id="extension-ascii_identifiers">Extension: <code>ascii_identifiers</code></h3>
<p>Causes the identifiers produced by <code>auto_identifiers</code> to be pure ASCII. Accents are stripped off of accented Latin letters, and non-Latin letters are omitted.</p>
<h3 id="extension-gfm_auto_identifiers">Extension: <code>gfm_auto_identifiers</code></h3>
<p>Changes the algorithm used by <code>auto_identifiers</code> to conform to GitHub’s method.  Spaces are converted to dashes (<code>-</code>), uppercase characters to lowercase characters, and punctuation characters other than <code>-</code> and <code>_</code> are removed. Emojis are replaced by their names.</p>
<h2 id="math-input">Math Input</h2>
<p>The extensions <a href="#extension-tex_math_dollars"><code>tex_math_dollars</code></a>, <a href="#extension-tex_math_gfm"><code>tex_math_gfm</code></a>, <a href="#extension-tex_math_single_backslash"><code>tex_math_single_backslash</code></a>, and <a href="#extension-tex_math_double_backslash"><code>tex_math_double_backslash</code></a> are described in the section about Pandoc’s Markdown.</p>
<p>However, they can also be used with HTML input. This is handy for reading web pages formatted using MathJax, for example.</p>
<h2 id="raw-htmltex">Raw HTML/TeX</h2>
<p>The following extensions are described in more detail in their respective sections of [Pandoc’s Markdown]:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><a href="#extension-raw_html"><code>raw_html</code></a> allows HTML elements which are not representable in pandoc’s AST to be parsed as raw HTML. By default, this is disabled for HTML input.</p></li>
<li><p><a href="#extension-raw_tex"><code>raw_tex</code></a> allows raw LaTeX, TeX, and ConTeXt to be included in a document.  This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats (in addition to <code>markdown</code>):</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
latex, textile, html (environments, <span class="pandoc-raw-tex" data-pandoc-raw-format="tex">\ref</span>, and <code>\eqref</code> only), <code>ipynb</code>
</dd>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>textile</code>, <code>commonmark</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>Note: as applied to <code>ipynb</code>, <code>raw_html</code> and <code>raw_tex</code> affect not only raw TeX in Markdown cells, but data with mime type <code>text/html</code> in output cells.  Since the <code>ipynb</code> reader attempts to preserve the richest possible outputs when several options are given, you will get best results if you disable <code>raw_html</code> and <code>raw_tex</code> when converting to formats like <code>docx</code> which don’t allow raw <code>html</code> or <code>tex</code>.</p></li>
<li><p><a href="#extension-native_divs"><code>native_divs</code></a> causes HTML <code>div</code> elements to be parsed as native pandoc Div blocks. If you want them to be parsed as raw HTML, use <code>-f html-native_divs+raw_html</code>.</p></li>
<li><p><a href="#extension-native_spans"><code>native_spans</code></a> causes HTML <code>span</code> elements to be parsed as native pandoc Span inlines. If you want them to be parsed as raw HTML, use <code>-f html-native_spans+raw_html</code>.  If you want to drop all <code>div</code>s and <code>span</code>s when converting HTML to Markdown, you can use <code>pandoc -f html-native_divs-native_spans -t markdown</code>.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="literate-haskell-support">Literate Haskell support</h2>
<h3 id="extension-literate_haskell">Extension: <code>literate_haskell</code></h3>
<p>Treat the document as literate Haskell source.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>rst</code>, <code>latex</code>
</dd>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>rst</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>html</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>If you append <code>+lhs</code> (or <code>+literate_haskell</code>) to one of the formats above, pandoc will treat the document as literate Haskell source. This means that</p>
<ul>
<li><p>In Markdown input, “bird track” sections will be parsed as Haskell code rather than block quotations.  Text between <code>\begin{code}</code> and <code>\end{code}</code> will also be treated as Haskell code.  For ATX-style headings the character ‘=’ will be used instead of ‘#’.</p></li>
<li><p>In Markdown output, code blocks with classes <code>haskell</code> and <code>literate</code> will be rendered using bird tracks, and block quotations will be indented one space, so they will not be treated as Haskell code. In addition, headings will be rendered setext-style (with underlines) rather than ATX-style (with ‘#’ characters). (This is because ghc treats ‘#’ characters in column 1 as introducing line numbers.)</p></li>
<li><p>In restructured text input, “bird track” sections will be parsed as Haskell code.</p></li>
<li><p>In restructured text output, code blocks with class <code>haskell</code> will be rendered using bird tracks.</p></li>
<li><p>In LaTeX input, text in <code>code</code> environments will be parsed as Haskell code.</p></li>
<li><p>In LaTeX output, code blocks with class <code>haskell</code> will be rendered inside <code>code</code> environments.</p></li>
<li><p>In HTML output, code blocks with class <code>haskell</code> will be rendered with class <code>literatehaskell</code> and bird tracks.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Examples:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f markdown+lhs -t html</code></pre>
<p>reads literate Haskell source formatted with Markdown conventions and writes ordinary HTML (without bird tracks).</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f markdown+lhs -t html+lhs</code></pre>
<p>writes HTML with the Haskell code in bird tracks, so it can be copied and pasted as literate Haskell source.</p>
<p>Note that GHC expects the bird tracks in the first column, so indented literate code blocks (e.g. inside an itemized environment) will not be picked up by the Haskell compiler.</p>
<h2 id="other-extensions">Other extensions</h2>
<h3 id="extension-empty_paragraphs">Extension: <code>empty_paragraphs</code></h3>
<p>Allows empty paragraphs.  By default empty paragraphs are omitted.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>docx</code>, <code>html</code>
</dd>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>, <code>html</code>, <code>latex</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="extension-native_numbering">Extension: <code>native_numbering</code></h3>
<p>Enables native numbering of figures and tables. Enumeration starts at 1.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>, <code>docx</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="extension-xrefs_name">Extension: <code>xrefs_name</code></h3>
<p>Links to headings, figures and tables inside the document are substituted with cross-references that will use the name or caption of the referenced item. The original link text is replaced once the generated document is refreshed. This extension can be combined with <code>xrefs_number</code> in which case numbers will appear before the name.</p>
<p>Text in cross-references is only made consistent with the referenced item once the document has been refreshed.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="extension-xrefs_number">Extension: <code>xrefs_number</code></h3>
<p>Links to headings, figures and tables inside the document are substituted with cross-references that will use the number of the referenced item. The original link text is discarded. This extension can be combined with <code>xrefs_name</code> in which case the name or caption numbers will appear after the number.</p>
<p>For the <code>xrefs_number</code> to be useful heading numbers must be enabled in the generated document, also table and figure captions must be enabled using for example the <code>native_numbering</code> extension.</p>
<p>Numbers in cross-references are only visible in the final document once it has been refreshed.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="ext-styles">Extension: <code>styles</code> ###</h3>
<p>When converting from docx, add <code>custom-styles</code> attributes for all docx styles, regardless of whether pandoc understands the meanings of these styles. Because attributes cannot be added directly to paragraphs or text in the pandoc AST, paragraph styles will cause Divs to be created and character styles will cause Spans to be created to hold the attributes. (Table styles will be added to the Table elements directly.) This extension can be used with <a href="#custom-styles">docx custom styles</a>.</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>docx</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="extension-amuse">Extension: <code>amuse</code></h3>
<p>In the <code>muse</code> input format, this enables Text::Amuse extensions to Emacs Muse markup.</p>
<h3 id="extension-raw_markdown">Extension: <code>raw_markdown</code></h3>
<p>In the <code>ipynb</code> input format, this causes Markdown cells to be included as raw Markdown blocks (allowing lossless round-tripping) rather than being parsed.  Use this only when you are targeting <code>ipynb</code> or a Markdown-based output format.</p>
<h3 id="typst-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code> (typst)</h3>
<p>When the <code>citations</code> extension is enabled in <code>typst</code> (as it is by default), <code>typst</code> citations will be parsed as native pandoc citations, and native pandoc citations will be rendered as <code>typst</code> citations.</p>
<h3 id="org-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code> (org)</h3>
<p>When the <code>citations</code> extension is enabled in <code>org</code>, org-cite and org-ref style citations will be parsed as native pandoc citations, and org-cite citations will be used to render native pandoc citations.</p>
<h3 id="docx-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code> (docx)</h3>
<p>When <code>citations</code> is enabled in <code>docx</code>, citations inserted by Zotero or Mendeley or EndNote plugins will be parsed as native pandoc citations.  (Otherwise, the formatted citations generated by the bibliographic software will be parsed as regular text.)</p>
<h3 id="org-fancy-lists">Extension: <code>fancy_lists</code> (org)</h3>
<p>Some aspects of <a href="#extension-fancy_lists">Pandoc’s Markdown fancy lists</a> are also accepted in <code>org</code> input, mimicking the option <code>org-list-allow-alphabetical</code> in Emacs. As in Org Mode, enabling this extension allows lowercase and uppercase alphabetical markers for ordered lists to be parsed in addition to arabic ones. Note that for Org, this does not include roman numerals or the <code>#</code> placeholder that are enabled by the extension in Pandoc’s Markdown.</p>
<h3 id="extension-element_citations">Extension: <code>element_citations</code></h3>
<p>In the <code>jats</code> output formats, this causes reference items to be replaced with <code>&lt;element-citation&gt;</code> elements. These elements are not influenced by CSL styles, but all information on the item is included in tags.</p>
<h3 id="extension-ntb">Extension: <code>ntb</code></h3>
<p>In the <code>context</code> output format this enables the use of <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/TABLE">Natural Tables (TABLE)</a> instead of the default <a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/xtables">Extreme Tables (xtables)</a>. Natural tables allow more fine-grained global customization but come at a performance penalty compared to extreme tables.</p>
<h3 id="extension-smart_quotes-org">Extension: <code>smart_quotes</code> (org)</h3>
<p>Interpret straight quotes as curly quotes during parsing. When <em>writing</em> Org, then the <code>smart_quotes</code> extension has the reverse effect: what would have been curly quotes comes out straight.</p>
<p>This extension is implied if <code>smart</code> is enabled.</p>
<h3 id="extension-special_strings-org">Extension: <code>special_strings</code> (org)</h3>
<p>Interpret <code>---</code> as em-dashes, <code>--</code> as en-dashes, <code>\-</code> as shy hyphen, and <code>...</code> as ellipses.</p>
<p>This extension is implied if <code>smart</code> is enabled.</p>
<h3 id="extension--tagging">Extension: <code>tagging</code> ###</h3>
<p>Enabling this extension with <code>context</code> output will produce markup suitable for the production of tagged PDFs. This includes additional markers for paragraphs and alternative markup for emphasized text. The <code>emphasis-command</code> template variable is set if the extension is enabled.</p>
<h1 id="pandocs-markdown">Pandoc’s Markdown</h1>
<p>Pandoc understands an extended and slightly revised version of John Gruber’s <a href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Markdown</a> syntax.  This document explains the syntax, noting differences from original Markdown. Except where noted, these differences can be suppressed by using the <code>markdown_strict</code> format instead of <code>markdown</code>. Extensions can be enabled or disabled to specify the behavior more granularly. They are described in the following. See also <a href="#extensions">Extensions</a> above, for extensions that work also on other formats.</p>
<h2 id="philosophy">Philosophy</h2>
<p>Markdown is designed to be easy to write, and, even more importantly, easy to read:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>A Markdown-formatted document should be publishable as-is, as plain text, without looking like it’s been marked up with tags or formatting instructions.<br />
– <a href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax#philosophy">John Gruber</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>This principle has guided pandoc’s decisions in finding syntax for tables, footnotes, and other extensions.</p>
<p>There is, however, one respect in which pandoc’s aims are different from the original aims of Markdown.  Whereas Markdown was originally designed with HTML generation in mind, pandoc is designed for multiple output formats.  Thus, while pandoc allows the embedding of raw HTML, it discourages it, and provides other, non-HTMLish ways of representing important document elements like definition lists, tables, mathematics, and footnotes.</p>
<h2 id="paragraphs">Paragraphs</h2>
<p>A paragraph is one or more lines of text followed by one or more blank lines. Newlines are treated as spaces, so you can reflow your paragraphs as you like. If you need a hard line break, put two or more spaces at the end of a line.</p>
<h3 id="extension-escaped_line_breaks">Extension: <code>escaped_line_breaks</code></h3>
<p>A backslash followed by a newline is also a hard line break. Note:  in multiline and grid table cells, this is the only way to create a hard line break, since trailing spaces in the cells are ignored.</p>
<h2 id="headings">Headings</h2>
<p>There are two kinds of headings: Setext and ATX.</p>
<h3 id="setext-style-headings">Setext-style headings</h3>
<p>A setext-style heading is a line of text “underlined” with a row of <code>=</code> signs (for a level-one heading) or <code>-</code> signs (for a level-two heading):</p>
<pre><code>A level-one heading
===================

A level-two heading
-------------------</code></pre>
<p>The heading text can contain inline formatting, such as emphasis (see <a href="#inline-formatting">Inline formatting</a>, below).</p>
<h3 id="atx-style-headings">ATX-style headings</h3>
<p>An ATX-style heading consists of one to six <code>#</code> signs and a line of text, optionally followed by any number of <code>#</code> signs.  The number of <code>#</code> signs at the beginning of the line is the heading level:</p>
<pre><code>## A level-two heading

### A level-three heading ###</code></pre>
<p>As with setext-style headings, the heading text can contain formatting:</p>
<pre><code># A level-one heading with a [link](/url) and *emphasis*</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-blank_before_header">Extension: <code>blank_before_header</code></h3>
<p>Original Markdown syntax does not require a blank line before a heading. Pandoc does require this (except, of course, at the beginning of the document). The reason for the requirement is that it is all too easy for a <code>#</code> to end up at the beginning of a line by accident (perhaps through line wrapping). Consider, for example:</p>
<pre><code>I like several of their flavors of ice cream:
#22, for example, and #5.</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-space_in_atx_header">Extension: <code>space_in_atx_header</code></h3>
<p>Many Markdown implementations do not require a space between the opening <code>#</code>s of an ATX heading and the heading text, so that <code>#5 bolt</code> and <code>#hashtag</code> count as headings.  With this extension, pandoc does require the space.</p>
<h3 id="heading-identifiers">Heading identifiers</h3>
<p>See also the <a href="#extension-auto_identifiers"><code>auto_identifiers</code> extension</a> above.</p>
<h3 id="extension-header_attributes">Extension: <code>header_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Headings can be assigned attributes using this syntax at the end of the line containing the heading text:</p>
<pre><code>{#identifier .class .class key=value key=value}</code></pre>
<p>Thus, for example, the following headings will all be assigned the identifier <code>foo</code>:</p>
<pre><code># My heading {#foo}

## My heading ##    {#foo}

My other heading   {#foo}
---------------</code></pre>
<p>(This syntax is compatible with <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown Extra</a>.)</p>
<p>Note that although this syntax allows assignment of classes and key/value attributes, writers generally don’t use all of this information.  Identifiers, classes, and key/value attributes are used in HTML and HTML-based formats such as EPUB and slidy.  Identifiers are used for labels and link anchors in the LaTeX, ConTeXt, Textile, Jira markup, and AsciiDoc writers.</p>
<p>Headings with the class <code>unnumbered</code> will not be numbered, even if <code>--number-sections</code> is specified.  A single hyphen (<code>-</code>) in an attribute context is equivalent to <code>.unnumbered</code>, and preferable in non-English documents.  So,</p>
<pre><code># My heading {-}</code></pre>
<p>is just the same as</p>
<pre><code># My heading {.unnumbered}</code></pre>
<p>If the <code>unlisted</code> class is present in addition to <code>unnumbered</code>, the heading will not be included in a table of contents. (Currently this feature is only implemented for certain formats: those based on LaTeX and HTML, PowerPoint, and RTF.)</p>
<h3 id="extension-implicit_header_references">Extension: <code>implicit_header_references</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc behaves as if reference links have been defined for each heading. So, to link to a heading</p>
<pre><code># Heading identifiers in HTML</code></pre>
<p>you can simply write</p>
<pre><code>[Heading identifiers in HTML]</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>[Heading identifiers in HTML][]</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>[the section on heading identifiers][heading identifiers in
HTML]</code></pre>
<p>instead of giving the identifier explicitly:</p>
<pre><code>[Heading identifiers in HTML](#heading-identifiers-in-html)</code></pre>
<p>If there are multiple headings with identical text, the corresponding reference will link to the first one only, and you will need to use explicit links to link to the others, as described above.</p>
<p>Like regular reference links, these references are case-insensitive.</p>
<p>Explicit link reference definitions always take priority over implicit heading references.  So, in the following example, the link will point to <code>bar</code>, not to <code>#foo</code>:</p>
<pre><code># Foo

[foo]: bar

See [foo]</code></pre>
<h2 id="block-quotations">Block quotations</h2>
<p>Markdown uses email conventions for quoting blocks of text. A block quotation is one or more paragraphs or other block elements (such as lists or headings), with each line preceded by a <code>&gt;</code> character and an optional space. (The <code>&gt;</code> need not start at the left margin, but it should not be indented more than three spaces.)</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a block quote. This
&gt; paragraph has two lines.
&gt;
&gt; 1. This is a list inside a block quote.
&gt; 2. Second item.</code></pre>
<p>A “lazy” form, which requires the <code>&gt;</code> character only on the first line of each block, is also allowed:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a block quote. This
paragraph has two lines.

&gt; 1. This is a list inside a block quote.
2. Second item.</code></pre>
<p>Among the block elements that can be contained in a block quote are other block quotes. That is, block quotes can be nested:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a block quote.
&gt;
&gt; &gt; A block quote within a block quote.</code></pre>
<p>If the <code>&gt;</code> character is followed by an optional space, that space will be considered part of the block quote marker and not part of the indentation of the contents.  Thus, to put an indented code block in a block quote, you need five spaces after the <code>&gt;</code>:</p>
<pre><code>&gt;     code</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-blank_before_blockquote">Extension: <code>blank_before_blockquote</code></h3>
<p>Original Markdown syntax does not require a blank line before a block quote.  Pandoc does require this (except, of course, at the beginning of the document). The reason for the requirement is that it is all too easy for a <code>&gt;</code> to end up at the beginning of a line by accident (perhaps through line wrapping). So, unless the <code>markdown_strict</code> format is used, the following does not produce a nested block quote in pandoc:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a block quote.
&gt;&gt; Not nested, since `blank_before_blockquote` is enabled by default</code></pre>
<h2 id="verbatim-code-blocks">Verbatim (code) blocks</h2>
<h3 id="indented-code-blocks">Indented code blocks</h3>
<p>A block of text indented four spaces (or one tab) is treated as verbatim text: that is, special characters do not trigger special formatting, and all spaces and line breaks are preserved.  For example,</p>
<pre><code>    if (a &gt; 3) {
      moveShip(5 * gravity, DOWN);
    }</code></pre>
<p>The initial (four space or one tab) indentation is not considered part of the verbatim text, and is removed in the output.</p>
<p>Note: blank lines in the verbatim text need not begin with four spaces.</p>
<h3 id="fenced-code-blocks">Fenced code blocks</h3>
<h3 id="extension-fenced_code_blocks">Extension: <code>fenced_code_blocks</code></h3>
<p>In addition to standard indented code blocks, pandoc supports <em>fenced</em> code blocks.  These begin with a row of three or more tildes (<code>~</code>) and end with a row of tildes that must be at least as long as the starting row. Everything between these lines is treated as code. No indentation is necessary:</p>
<pre><code>~~~~~~~
if (a &gt; 3) {
  moveShip(5 * gravity, DOWN);
}
~~~~~~~</code></pre>
<p>Like regular code blocks, fenced code blocks must be separated from surrounding text by blank lines.</p>
<p>If the code itself contains a row of tildes or backticks, just use a longer row of tildes or backticks at the start and end:</p>
<pre><code>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~
code including tildes
~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-backtick_code_blocks">Extension: <code>backtick_code_blocks</code></h3>
<p>Same as <code>fenced_code_blocks</code>, but uses backticks (<code>`</code>) instead of tildes (<code>~</code>).</p>
<h3 id="extension-fenced_code_attributes">Extension: <code>fenced_code_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Optionally, you may attach attributes to fenced or backtick code block using this syntax:</p>
<pre><code>~~~~ {#mycode .haskell .numberLines startFrom=&quot;100&quot;}
qsort []     = []
qsort (x:xs) = qsort (filter (&lt; x) xs) ++ [x] ++
               qsort (filter (&gt;= x) xs)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</code></pre>
<p>Here <code>mycode</code> is an identifier, <code>haskell</code> and <code>numberLines</code> are classes, and <code>startFrom</code> is an attribute with value <code>100</code>. Some output formats can use this information to do syntax highlighting. Currently, the only output formats that use this information are HTML, LaTeX, Docx, Ms, and PowerPoint. If highlighting is supported for your output format and language, then the code block above will appear highlighted, with numbered lines. (To see which languages are supported, type <code>pandoc --list-highlight-languages</code>.) Otherwise, the code block above will appear as follows:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;pre id=&quot;mycode&quot; class=&quot;haskell numberLines&quot; startFrom=&quot;100&quot;&gt;
  &lt;code&gt;
  ...
  &lt;/code&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<p>The <code>numberLines</code> (or <code>number-lines</code>) class will cause the lines of the code block to be numbered, starting with <code>1</code> or the value of the <code>startFrom</code> attribute.  The <code>lineAnchors</code> (or <code>line-anchors</code>) class will cause the lines to be clickable anchors in HTML output.</p>
<p>A shortcut form can also be used for specifying the language of the code block:</p>
<pre><code>```haskell
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<p>This is equivalent to:</p>
<pre><code>``` {.haskell}
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<p>This shortcut form may be combined with attributes:</p>
<pre><code>```haskell {.numberLines}
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<p>Which is equivalent to:</p>
<pre><code>``` {.haskell .numberLines}
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<p>If the <code>fenced_code_attributes</code> extension is disabled, but input contains class attribute(s) for the code block, the first class attribute will be printed after the opening fence as a bare word.</p>
<p>To prevent all highlighting, use the <code>--syntax-highlighting=none</code> option. To set the highlighting style or method, use <code>--syntax-highlighting</code>. For more information on highlighting, see <a href="#syntax-highlighting">Syntax highlighting</a>, below.</p>
<h2 id="line-blocks">Line blocks</h2>
<h3 id="extension-line_blocks">Extension: <code>line_blocks</code></h3>
<p>A line block is a sequence of lines beginning with a vertical bar (<code>|</code>) followed by a space.  The division into lines will be preserved in the output, as will any leading spaces; otherwise, the lines will be formatted as Markdown.  This is useful for verse and addresses:</p>
<pre><code>| The limerick packs laughs anatomical
| In space that is quite economical.
|    But the good ones I&#039;ve seen
|    So seldom are clean
| And the clean ones so seldom are comical

| 200 Main St.
| Berkeley, CA 94718</code></pre>
<p>The lines can be hard-wrapped if needed, but the continuation line must begin with a space.</p>
<pre><code>| The Right Honorable Most Venerable and Righteous Samuel L.
  Constable, Jr.
| 200 Main St.
| Berkeley, CA 94718</code></pre>
<p>Inline formatting (such as emphasis) is allowed in the content (though it can’t cross line boundaries). Block-level formatting (such as block quotes or lists) is not recognized.</p>
<p>This syntax is borrowed from <a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/introduction.html">reStructuredText</a>.</p>
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<h3 id="bullet-lists">Bullet lists</h3>
<p>A bullet list is a list of bulleted list items.  A bulleted list item begins with a bullet (<code>*</code>, <code>+</code>, or <code>-</code>).  Here is a simple example:</p>
<pre><code>* one
* two
* three</code></pre>
<p>This will produce a “compact” list. If you want a “loose” list, in which each item is formatted as a paragraph, put spaces between the items:</p>
<pre><code>* one

* two

* three</code></pre>
<p>The bullets need not be flush with the left margin; they may be indented one, two, or three spaces. The bullet must be followed by whitespace.</p>
<p>List items look best if subsequent lines are flush with the first line (after the bullet):</p>
<pre><code>* here is my first
  list item.
* and my second.</code></pre>
<p>But Markdown also allows a “lazy” format:</p>
<pre><code>* here is my first
list item.
* and my second.</code></pre>
<h3 id="block-content-in-list-items">Block content in list items</h3>
<p>A list item may contain multiple paragraphs and other block-level content. However, subsequent paragraphs must be preceded by a blank line and indented to line up with the first non-space content after the list marker.</p>
<pre><code>  * First paragraph.

    Continued.

  * Second paragraph. With a code block, which must be indented
    eight spaces:

        { code }</code></pre>
<p>Exception: if the list marker is followed by an indented code block, which must begin 5 spaces after the list marker, then subsequent paragraphs must begin two columns after the last character of the list marker:</p>
<pre><code>*     code

  continuation paragraph</code></pre>
<p>List items may include other lists.  In this case the preceding blank line is optional.  The nested list must be indented to line up with the first non-space character after the list marker of the containing list item.</p>
<pre><code>* fruits
  + apples
    - macintosh
    - red delicious
  + pears
  + peaches
* vegetables
  + broccoli
  + chard</code></pre>
<p>As noted above, Markdown allows you to write list items “lazily,” instead of indenting continuation lines. However, if there are multiple paragraphs or other blocks in a list item, the first line of each must be indented.</p>
<pre><code>+ A lazy, lazy, list
item.

+ Another one; this looks
bad but is legal.

    Second paragraph of second
list item.</code></pre>
<h3 id="ordered-lists">Ordered lists</h3>
<p>Ordered lists work just like bulleted lists, except that the items begin with enumerators rather than bullets.</p>
<p>In original Markdown, enumerators are decimal numbers followed by a period and a space.  The numbers themselves are ignored, so there is no difference between this list:</p>
<pre><code>1.  one
2.  two
3.  three</code></pre>
<p>and this one:</p>
<pre><code>5.  one
7.  two
1.  three</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-fancy_lists">Extension: <code>fancy_lists</code></h3>
<p>Unlike original Markdown, pandoc allows ordered list items to be marked with uppercase and lowercase letters and roman numerals, in addition to Arabic numerals. List markers may be enclosed in parentheses or followed by a single right-parenthesis or period. They must be separated from the text that follows by at least one space, and, if the list marker is a capital letter with a period, by at least two spaces.<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a></p>
<p>The <code>fancy_lists</code> extension also allows ‘<code>#</code>’ to be used as an ordered list marker in place of a numeral:</p>
<pre><code>#. one
#. two</code></pre>
<p>Note:  the ‘<code>#</code>’ ordered list marker doesn’t work with <code>commonmark</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-startnum">Extension: <code>startnum</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc also pays attention to the type of list marker used, and to the starting number, and both of these are preserved where possible in the output format. Thus, the following yields a list with numbers followed by a single parenthesis, starting with 9, and a sublist with lowercase roman numerals:</p>
<pre><code> 9)  Ninth
10)  Tenth
11)  Eleventh
       i. subone
      ii. subtwo
     iii. subthree</code></pre>
<p>Pandoc will start a new list each time a different type of list marker is used.  So, the following will create three lists:</p>
<pre><code>(2) Two
(5) Three
1.  Four
*   Five</code></pre>
<p>If default list markers are desired, use <code>#.</code>:</p>
<pre><code>#.  one
#.  two
#.  three</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-task_lists">Extension: <code>task_lists</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc supports task lists, using the syntax of GitHub-Flavored Markdown.</p>
<pre><code>- [ ] an unchecked task list item
- [x] checked item</code></pre>
<h3 id="definition-lists">Definition lists</h3>
<h3 id="extension-definition_lists">Extension: <code>definition_lists</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc supports definition lists, using the syntax of <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown Extra</a> with some extensions.<a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref"><sup>2</sup></a></p>
<pre><code>Term 1

:   Definition 1

Term 2 with *inline markup*

:   Definition 2

        { some code, part of Definition 2 }

    Third paragraph of definition 2.</code></pre>
<p>Each term must fit on one line, which may optionally be followed by a blank line, and must be followed by one or more definitions. A definition begins with a colon or tilde, which may be indented one or two spaces.</p>
<p>A term may have multiple definitions, and each definition may consist of one or more indented block elements (paragraph, code block, list, etc.). The blocks in the definition shoud be indented to the column of the first non-space content after the <code>:</code> or <code>~</code> marker, or (if the <code>four_space_rule</code> extension is enabled) four spaces or one tab stop. As with other Markdown lists, you can “lazily” omit indentation in paragraph continuation lines:</p>
<pre><code>Term 1

: Definition
with lazy continuation.

  Second paragraph of the definition.</code></pre>
<p>If you leave space before the definition (as in the example above), the text of the definition will be treated as a paragraph.  In some output formats, this will mean greater spacing between term/definition pairs. For a more compact definition list, omit the space before the definition:</p>
<pre><code>Term 1
  ~ Definition 1

Term 2
  ~ Definition 2a
  ~ Definition 2b</code></pre>
<p>Note that space between items in a definition list is required.</p>
<h3 id="numbered-example-lists">Numbered example lists</h3>
<h3 id="extension-example_lists">Extension: <code>example_lists</code></h3>
<p>The special list marker <code>@</code> can be used for sequentially numbered examples. The first list item with a <code>@</code> marker will be numbered ‘1’, the next ‘2’, and so on, throughout the document. The numbered examples need not occur in a single list; each new list using <code>@</code> will take up where the last stopped. So, for example:</p>
<pre><code>(@)  My first example will be numbered (1).
(@)  My second example will be numbered (2).

Explanation of examples.

(@)  My third example will be numbered (3).</code></pre>
<p>Numbered examples can be labeled and referred to elsewhere in the document:</p>
<pre><code>(@good)  This is a good example.

As (@good) illustrates, ...</code></pre>
<p>The label can be any string of alphanumeric characters, underscores, or hyphens.</p>
<p>Continuation paragraphs in example lists must always be indented four spaces, regardless of the length of the list marker.  That is, example lists always behave as if the <code>four_space_rule</code> extension is set.  This is because example labels tend to be long, and indenting content to the first non-space character after the label would be awkward.</p>
<p>You can repeat an earlier numbered example by re-using its label:</p>
<pre><code>(@foo) Sample sentence.

Intervening text...

This theory can explain the case we saw earlier (repeated):

(@foo) Sample sentence.</code></pre>
<p>This only works reliably, though, if the repeated item is in a list by itself, because each numbered example list will be numbered continuously from its starting number.</p>
<h3 id="ending-a-list">Ending a list</h3>
<p>What if you want to put an indented code block after a list?</p>
<pre><code>-   item one
-   item two

    { my code block }</code></pre>
<p>Trouble! Here pandoc (like other Markdown implementations) will treat <code>{ my code block }</code> as the second paragraph of item two, and not as a code block.</p>
<p>To “cut off” the list after item two, you can insert some non-indented content, like an HTML comment, which won’t produce visible output in any format:</p>
<pre><code>-   item one
-   item two

&lt;!-- end of list --&gt;

    { my code block }</code></pre>
<p>You can use the same trick if you want two consecutive lists instead of one big list:</p>
<pre><code>1.  one
2.  two
3.  three

&lt;!-- --&gt;

1.  uno
2.  dos
3.  tres</code></pre>
<h2 id="horizontal-rules">Horizontal rules</h2>
<p>A line containing a row of three or more <code>*</code>, <code>-</code>, or <code>_</code> characters (optionally separated by spaces) produces a horizontal rule:</p>
<pre><code>*  *  *  *

---------------</code></pre>
<p>We strongly recommend that horizontal rules be separated from surrounding text by blank lines.  If a horizontal rule is not followed by a blank line, pandoc may try to interpret the lines that follow as a YAML metadata block or a table.</p>
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<p>Four kinds of tables may be used. The first three kinds presuppose the use of a fixed-width font, such as Courier. The fourth kind can be used with proportionally spaced fonts, as it does not require lining up columns.</p>
<h3 id="extension-table_captions">Extension: <code>table_captions</code></h3>
<p>A caption may optionally be provided with all 4 kinds of tables (as illustrated in the examples below). A caption is a paragraph beginning with the string <code>Table:</code> (or <code>table:</code> or just <code>:</code>), which will be stripped off. It may appear either before or after the table.</p>
<h3 id="extension-simple_tables">Extension: <code>simple_tables</code></h3>
<p>Simple tables look like this:</p>
<pre><code>  Right     Left     Center     Default
-------     ------ ----------   -------
     12     12        12            12
    123     123       123          123
      1     1          1             1

Table:  Demonstration of simple table syntax.</code></pre>
<p>The header and table rows must each fit on one line.  Column alignments are determined by the position of the header text relative to the dashed line below it:<a href="#fn3" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref3" role="doc-noteref"><sup>3</sup></a></p>
<ul>
<li>If the dashed line is flush with the header text on the right side but extends beyond it on the left, the column is right-aligned.</li>
<li>If the dashed line is flush with the header text on the left side but extends beyond it on the right, the column is left-aligned.</li>
<li>If the dashed line extends beyond the header text on both sides, the column is centered.</li>
<li>If the dashed line is flush with the header text on both sides, the default alignment is used (in most cases, this will be left).</li>
</ul>
<p>The table must end with a blank line, or a line of dashes followed by a blank line.</p>
<p>The column header row may be omitted, provided a dashed line is used to end the table. For example:</p>
<pre><code>-------     ------ ----------   -------
     12     12        12             12
    123     123       123           123
      1     1          1              1
-------     ------ ----------   -------</code></pre>
<p>When the header row is omitted, column alignments are determined on the basis of the first line of the table body. So, in the tables above, the columns would be right, left, center, and right aligned, respectively.</p>
<h3 id="extension-multiline_tables">Extension: <code>multiline_tables</code></h3>
<p>Multiline tables allow header and table rows to span multiple lines of text (but cells that span multiple columns or rows of the table are not supported).  Here is an example:</p>
<pre><code>-------------------------------------------------------------
 Centered   Default           Right Left
  Header    Aligned         Aligned Aligned
----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------
   First    row                12.0 Example of a row that
                                    spans multiple lines.

  Second    row                 5.0 Here&#039;s another one. Note
                                    the blank line between
                                    rows.
-------------------------------------------------------------

Table: Here&#039;s the caption. It, too, may span
multiple lines.</code></pre>
<p>These work like simple tables, but with the following differences:</p>
<ul>
<li>They must begin with a row of dashes, before the header text (unless the header row is omitted).</li>
<li>They must end with a row of dashes, then a blank line.</li>
<li>The rows must be separated by blank lines.</li>
</ul>
<p>In multiline tables, the table parser pays attention to the widths of the columns, and the writers try to reproduce these relative widths in the output. So, if you find that one of the columns is too narrow in the output, try widening it in the Markdown source.</p>
<p>The header may be omitted in multiline tables as well as simple tables:</p>
<pre><code>----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------
   First    row                12.0 Example of a row that
                                    spans multiple lines.

  Second    row                 5.0 Here&#039;s another one. Note
                                    the blank line between
                                    rows.
----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------

: Here&#039;s a multiline table without a header.</code></pre>
<p>It is possible for a multiline table to have just one row, but the row should be followed by a blank line (and then the row of dashes that ends the table), or the table may be interpreted as a simple table.</p>
<h3 id="extension-grid_tables">Extension: <code>grid_tables</code></h3>
<p>Grid tables look like this:</p>
<pre><code>: Sample grid table.

+---------------+---------------+--------------------+
| Fruit         | Price         | Advantages         |
+===============+===============+====================+
| Bananas       | $1.34         | - built-in wrapper |
|               |               | - bright color     |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+
| Oranges       | $2.10         | - cures scurvy     |
|               |               | - tasty            |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+</code></pre>
<p>The row of <code>=</code>s separates the header from the table body, and can be omitted for a headerless table. The cells of grid tables may contain arbitrary block elements (multiple paragraphs, code blocks, lists, etc.).</p>
<p>Cells can span multiple columns or rows:</p>
<pre><code>+---------------------+----------+
| Property            | Earth    |
+=============+=======+==========+
|             | min   | -89.2 °C |
| Temperature +-------+----------+
| 1961-1990   | mean  | 14 °C    |
|             +-------+----------+
|             | max   | 56.7 °C  |
+-------------+-------+----------+</code></pre>
<p>A table header may contain more than one row:</p>
<pre><code>+---------------------+-----------------------+
| Location            | Temperature 1961-1990 |
|                     | in degree Celsius     |
|                     +-------+-------+-------+
|                     | min   | mean  | max   |
+=====================+=======+=======+=======+
| Antarctica          | -89.2 | N/A   | 19.8  |
+---------------------+-------+-------+-------+
| Earth               | -89.2 | 14    | 56.7  |
+---------------------+-------+-------+-------+</code></pre>
<p>Alignments can be specified as with pipe tables, by putting colons at the boundaries of the separator line after the header:</p>
<pre><code>+---------------+---------------+--------------------+
| Right         | Left          | Centered           |
+==============:+:==============+:==================:+
| Bananas       | $1.34         | built-in wrapper   |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+</code></pre>
<p>For headerless tables, the colons go on the top line instead:</p>
<pre><code>+--------------:+:--------------+:------------------:+
| Right         | Left          | Centered           |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+</code></pre>
<p>A table foot can be defined by enclosing it with separator lines that use <code>=</code> instead of <code>-</code>:</p>
<pre><code> +---------------+---------------+
 | Fruit         | Price         |
 +===============+===============+
 | Bananas       | $1.34         |
 +---------------+---------------+
 | Oranges       | $2.10         |
 +===============+===============+
 | Sum           | $3.44         |
 +===============+===============+</code></pre>
<p>The foot must always be placed at the very bottom of the table.</p>
<p>Grid tables can be created easily using Emacs’ table-mode (<code>M-x table-insert</code>).</p>
<h3 id="extension-pipe_tables">Extension: <code>pipe_tables</code></h3>
<p>Pipe tables look like this:</p>
<pre><code>| Right | Left | Default | Center |
|------:|:-----|---------|:------:|
|   12  |  12  |    12   |    12  |
|  123  |  123 |   123   |   123  |
|    1  |    1 |     1   |     1  |

  : Demonstration of pipe table syntax.</code></pre>
<p>The syntax is identical to <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/#table">PHP Markdown Extra tables</a>.  The beginning and ending pipe characters are optional, but pipes are required between all columns.  The colons indicate column alignment as shown.  The header cannot be omitted.  To simulate a headerless table, include a header with blank cells.</p>
<p>Since the pipes indicate column boundaries, columns need not be vertically aligned, as they are in the above example.  So, this is a perfectly legal (though ugly) pipe table:</p>
<pre><code>fruit| price
-----|-----:
apple|2.05
pear|1.37
orange|3.09</code></pre>
<p>The cells of pipe tables cannot contain block elements like paragraphs and lists, and cannot span multiple lines.  If any line of the Markdown source is longer than the column width (see <code>--columns</code>), then the table will take up the full text width and the cell contents will wrap, with the relative cell widths determined by the number of dashes in the line separating the table header from the table body. (For example <code>---|-</code> would make the first column 3/4 and the second column 1/4 of the full text width.) On the other hand, if no lines are wider than column width, then cell contents will not be wrapped, and the cells will be sized to their contents.</p>
<p>Note:  pandoc also recognizes pipe tables of the following form, as can be produced by Emacs’ orgtbl-mode:</p>
<pre><code>| One | Two   |
|-----+-------|
| my  | table |
| is  | nice  |</code></pre>
<p>The difference is that <code>+</code> is used instead of <code>|</code>. Other orgtbl features are not supported. In particular, to get non-default column alignment, you’ll need to add colons as above.</p>
<h3 id="extension-table_attributes">Extension: <code>table_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Attributes may be attached to tables by including them at the end of the caption. (For the syntax, see [<code>header_attributes</code>][Extension: <code>header_attributes</code>].)</p>
<pre><code>  : Here&#039;s the caption. {#ident .class key=&quot;value&quot;}</code></pre>
<h2 id="metadata-blocks">Metadata blocks</h2>
<h3 id="extension-pandoc_title_block">Extension: <code>pandoc_title_block</code></h3>
<p>If the file begins with a title block</p>
<pre><code>% title
% author(s) (separated by semicolons)
% date</code></pre>
<p>it will be parsed as bibliographic information, not regular text.  (It will be used, for example, in the title of standalone LaTeX or HTML output.)  The block may contain just a title, a date and an author, or all three elements. If you want to include an author but no title, or a title and a date but no author, you need a blank line:</p>
<pre><code>%
% Author</code></pre>
<pre><code>% My title
%
% June 15, 2006</code></pre>
<p>The title may occupy multiple lines, but continuation lines must begin with leading space, thus:</p>
<pre><code>% My title
  on multiple lines</code></pre>
<p>If a document has multiple authors, the authors may be put on separate lines with leading space, or separated by semicolons, or both.  So, all of the following are equivalent:</p>
<pre><code>% Author One
  Author Two</code></pre>
<pre><code>% Author One; Author Two</code></pre>
<pre><code>% Author One;
  Author Two</code></pre>
<p>The date must fit on one line.</p>
<p>All three metadata fields may contain standard inline formatting (italics, links, footnotes, etc.).</p>
<p>Title blocks will always be parsed, but they will affect the output only when the <code>--standalone</code> (<code>-s</code>) option is chosen. In HTML output, titles will appear twice: once in the document head—this is the title that will appear at the top of the window in a browser—and once at the beginning of the document body. The title in the document head can have an optional prefix attached (<code>--title-prefix</code> or <code>-T</code> option). The title in the body appears as an H1 element with class “title”, so it can be suppressed or reformatted with CSS. If a title prefix is specified with <code>-T</code> and no title block appears in the document, the title prefix will be used by itself as the HTML title.</p>
<p>The man page writer extracts a title, man page section number, and other header and footer information from the title line. The title is assumed to be the first word on the title line, which may optionally end with a (single-digit) section number in parentheses. (There should be no space between the title and the parentheses.)  Anything after this is assumed to be additional footer and header text. A single pipe character (<code>|</code>) should be used to separate the footer text from the header text.  Thus,</p>
<pre><code>% PANDOC(1)</code></pre>
<p>will yield a man page with the title <code>PANDOC</code> and section 1.</p>
<pre><code>% PANDOC(1) Pandoc User Manuals</code></pre>
<p>will also have “Pandoc User Manuals” in the footer.</p>
<pre><code>% PANDOC(1) Pandoc User Manuals | Version 4.0</code></pre>
<p>will also have “Version 4.0” in the header.</p>
<h3 id="extension-yaml_metadata_block">Extension: <code>yaml_metadata_block</code></h3>
<p>A <a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html" title="YAML v1.2 Spec">YAML</a> metadata block is a valid YAML object, delimited by a line of three hyphens (<code>---</code>) at the top and a line of three hyphens (<code>---</code>) or three dots (<code>...</code>) at the bottom.  The initial line <code>---</code> must not be followed by a blank line. A YAML metadata block may occur anywhere in the document, but if it is not at the beginning, it must be preceded by a blank line. (Note that JSON may be used as well, because JSON is a subset of YAML.)</p>
<p>Note that, because of the way pandoc concatenates input files when several are provided, you may also keep the metadata in a separate YAML file and pass it to pandoc as an argument, along with your Markdown files:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc chap1.md chap2.md chap3.md metadata.yaml -s -o book.html</code></pre>
<p>Just be sure that the YAML file begins with <code>---</code> and ends with <code>---</code> or <code>...</code>. Alternatively, you can use the <code>--metadata-file</code> option. Using that approach however, you cannot reference content (like footnotes) from the main Markdown input document.</p>
<p>Metadata will be taken from the fields of the YAML object and added to any existing document metadata.  Metadata can contain lists and objects (nested arbitrarily), but all string scalars will be interpreted as Markdown.  Fields with names ending in an underscore will be ignored by pandoc.  (They may be given a role by external processors.)  Field names must not be interpretable as YAML numbers or boolean values (so, for example, <code>yes</code>, <code>True</code>, and <code>15</code> cannot be used as field names).</p>
<p>A document may contain multiple metadata blocks.  If two metadata blocks attempt to set the same field, the value from the second block will be taken.</p>
<p>Each metadata block is handled internally as an independent YAML document. This means, for example, that any YAML anchors defined in a block cannot be referenced in another block.</p>
<p>When pandoc is used with <code>-t markdown</code> to create a Markdown document, a YAML metadata block will be produced only if the <code>-s/--standalone</code> option is used.  All of the metadata will appear in a single block at the beginning of the document.</p>
<p>Note that <a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html" title="YAML v1.2 Spec">YAML</a> escaping rules must be followed. Thus, for example, if a title contains a colon, it must be quoted, and if it contains a backslash escape, then it must be ensured that it is not treated as a <a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2776092">YAML escape sequence</a>. The pipe character (<code>|</code>) can be used to begin an indented block that will be interpreted literally, without need for escaping. This form is necessary when the field contains blank lines or block-level formatting:</p>
<pre><code>---
title:  &#039;This is the title: it contains a colon&#039;
author:
- Author One
- Author Two
keywords: [nothing, nothingness]
abstract: |
  This is the abstract.

  It consists of two paragraphs.
...</code></pre>
<p>The literal block after the <code>|</code> must be indented relative to the line containing the <code>|</code>.  If it is not, the YAML will be invalid and pandoc will not interpret it as metadata.  For an overview of the complex rules governing YAML, see the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML#Syntax">Wikipedia entry on YAML syntax</a>.</p>
<p>Template variables will be set automatically from the metadata.  Thus, for example, in writing HTML, the variable <code>abstract</code> will be set to the HTML equivalent of the Markdown in the <code>abstract</code> field:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;This is the abstract.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It consists of two paragraphs.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Variables can contain arbitrary YAML structures, but the template must match this structure.  The <code>author</code> variable in the default templates expects a simple list or string, but can be changed to support more complicated structures.  The following combination, for example, would add an affiliation to the author if one is given:</p>
<pre><code>---
title: The document title
author:
- name: Author One
  affiliation: University of Somewhere
- name: Author Two
  affiliation: University of Nowhere
...</code></pre>
<p>To use the structured authors in the example above, you would need a custom template:</p>
<pre><code>$for(author)$
$if(author.name)$
$author.name$$if(author.affiliation)$ ($author.affiliation$)$endif$
$else$
$author$
$endif$
$endfor$</code></pre>
<p>Raw content to include in the document’s header may be specified using <code>header-includes</code>; however, it is important to mark up this content as raw code for a particular output format, using the <a href="#extension-raw_attribute"><code>raw_attribute</code> extension</a>, or it will be interpreted as Markdown. For example:</p>
<pre><code>header-includes:
- |
  ```{=latex}
  \let\oldsection\section
  \renewcommand{\section}[1]{\clearpage\oldsection{#1}}
  ```</code></pre>
<p>Note:  the <code>yaml_metadata_block</code> extension works not just with <code>markdown</code> but with <code>commonmark</code> (and it is enabled by default in <code>gfm</code> and <code>commonmark_x</code>). However, in <code>commonmark</code>, <code>gfm</code>, and <code>commonmark_x</code>, the following restrictions apply:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The YAML metadata block must occur at the beginning of the document (and there can be only one).  If multiple files are given as arguments to pandoc, only the first can be a YAML metadata block.</p></li>
<li><p>The leaf nodes of the YAML structure are parsed in isolation from each other and from the rest of the document.  So, for example,  you can’t use a reference link in these contexts if the link definition is somewhere else in the document.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="backslash-escapes">Backslash escapes</h2>
<h3 id="extension-all_symbols_escapable">Extension: <code>all_symbols_escapable</code></h3>
<p>Except inside a code block or inline code, any punctuation or space character preceded by a backslash will be treated literally, even if it would normally indicate formatting.  Thus, for example, if one writes</p>
<pre><code>*\*hello\**</code></pre>
<p>one will get</p>
<pre><code>&lt;em&gt;*hello*&lt;/em&gt;</code></pre>
<p>instead of</p>
<pre><code>&lt;strong&gt;hello&lt;/strong&gt;</code></pre>
<p>This rule is easier to remember than original Markdown’s rule, which allows only the following characters to be backslash-escaped:</p>
<pre><code>\`*_{}[]()&gt;#+-.!</code></pre>
<p>(However, if the <code>markdown_strict</code> format is used, the original Markdown rule will be used.)</p>
<p>A backslash-escaped space is parsed as a nonbreaking space. In TeX output, it will appear as <code>~</code>. In HTML and XML output, it will appear as a literal unicode nonbreaking space character (note that it will thus actually look “invisible” in the generated HTML source; you can still use the <code>--ascii</code> command-line option to make it appear as an explicit entity).</p>
<p>A backslash-escaped newline (i.e. a backslash occurring at the end of a line) is parsed as a hard line break.  It will appear in TeX output as <code>\\</code> and in HTML as <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code>.  This is a nice alternative to Markdown’s “invisible” way of indicating hard line breaks using two trailing spaces on a line.</p>
<p>Backslash escapes do not work in verbatim contexts.</p>
<h2 id="inline-formatting">Inline formatting</h2>
<h3 id="emphasis">Emphasis</h3>
<p>To <em>emphasize</em> some text, surround it with <code>*</code>s or <code>_</code>, like this:</p>
<pre><code>This text is _emphasized with underscores_, and this
is *emphasized with asterisks*.</code></pre>
<p>Double <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> produces <strong>strong emphasis</strong>:</p>
<pre><code>This is **strong emphasis** and __with underscores__.</code></pre>
<p>A <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> character surrounded by spaces, or backslash-escaped, will not trigger emphasis:</p>
<pre><code>This is * not emphasized *, and \*neither is this\*.</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-intraword_underscores">Extension: <code>intraword_underscores</code></h3>
<p>Because <code>_</code> is sometimes used inside words and identifiers, pandoc does not interpret a <code>_</code> surrounded by alphanumeric characters as an emphasis marker.  If you want to emphasize just part of a word, use <code>*</code>:</p>
<pre><code>feas*ible*, not feas*able*.</code></pre>
<h3 id="strikeout">Strikeout</h3>
<h3 id="extension-strikeout">Extension: <code>strikeout</code></h3>
<p>To strike out a section of text with a horizontal line, begin and end it with <code>~~</code>. Thus, for example,</p>
<pre><code>This ~~is deleted text.~~</code></pre>
<h3 id="superscripts-and-subscripts">Superscripts and subscripts</h3>
<h3 id="extension-superscript-subscript">Extension: <code>superscript</code>, <code>subscript</code></h3>
<p>Superscripts may be written by surrounding the superscripted text by <code>^</code> characters; subscripts may be written by surrounding the subscripted text by <code>~</code> characters.  Thus, for example,</p>
<pre><code>H~2~O is a liquid.  2^10^ is 1024.</code></pre>
<p>The text between <code>^...^</code> or <code>~...~</code> may not contain spaces or newlines.  If the superscripted or subscripted text contains spaces, these spaces must be escaped with backslashes.  (This is to prevent accidental superscripting and subscripting through the ordinary use of <code>~</code> and <code>^</code>, and also bad interactions with footnotes.) Thus, if you want the letter P with ‘a cat’ in subscripts, use <code>P~a\ cat~</code>, not <code>P~a cat~</code>.</p>
<h3 id="verbatim">Verbatim</h3>
<p>To make a short span of text verbatim, put it inside backticks:</p>
<pre><code>What is the difference between `&gt;&gt;=` and `&gt;&gt;`?</code></pre>
<p>If the verbatim text includes a backtick, use double backticks:</p>
<pre><code>Here is a literal backtick `` ` ``.</code></pre>
<p>(The spaces after the opening backticks and before the closing backticks will be ignored.)</p>
<p>The general rule is that a verbatim span starts with a string of consecutive backticks (optionally followed by a space) and ends with a string of the same number of backticks (optionally preceded by a space).</p>
<p>Note that backslash-escapes (and other Markdown constructs) do not work in verbatim contexts:</p>
<pre><code>This is a backslash followed by an asterisk: `\*`.</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-inline_code_attributes">Extension: <code>inline_code_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Attributes can be attached to verbatim text, just as with <code class="sourceCode haskell"><span class="op">&lt;$&gt;</span></code></p>
<h3 id="underline">Underline</h3>
<p>To underline text, use the <code>underline</code> class:</p>
<pre><code>[Underline]{.underline}</code></pre>
<p>Or, without the <code>bracketed_spans</code> extension (but with <code>native_spans</code>):</p>
<pre><code>&lt;span class=&quot;underline&quot;&gt;Underline&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<p>This will work in all output formats that support underline.</p>
<h3 id="small-caps">Small caps</h3>
<p>To write small caps, use the <code>smallcaps</code> class:</p>
<pre><code>[Small caps]{.smallcaps}</code></pre>
<p>Or, without the <code>bracketed_spans</code> extension:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;span class=&quot;smallcaps&quot;&gt;Small caps&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<p>For compatibility with other Markdown flavors, CSS is also supported:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant:small-caps;&quot;&gt;Small caps&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<p>This will work in all output formats that support small caps.</p>
<h3 id="highlighting">Highlighting</h3>
<p>To highlight text, use the <code>mark</code> class:</p>
<pre><code>[Mark]{.mark}</code></pre>
<p>Or, without the <code>bracketed_spans</code> extension (but with <code>native_spans</code>):</p>
<pre><code>&lt;span class=&quot;mark&quot;&gt;Mark&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<p>This will work in all output formats that support highlighting.</p>
<h2 id="math">Math</h2>
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_dollars">Extension: <code>tex_math_dollars</code></h3>
<p>Anything between two <code>$</code> characters will be treated as TeX math.  The opening <code>$</code> must have a non-space character immediately to its right, while the closing <code>$</code> must have a non-space character immediately to its left, and must not be followed immediately by a digit.  Thus, <code>$20,000 and $30,000</code> won’t parse as math.  If for some reason you need to enclose text in literal <code>$</code> characters, backslash-escape them and they won’t be treated as math delimiters.</p>
<p>For display math, use <code>$$</code> delimiters.  (In this case, the delimiters may be separated from the formula by whitespace.  However, there can be no blank lines between the opening and closing <code>$$</code> delimiters.)</p>
<p>TeX math will be printed in all output formats. How it is rendered depends on the output format:</p>
<dl>
<dt>LaTeX</dt>
<dd>
It will appear verbatim surrounded by <code>\(...\)</code> (for inline
math) or <code>\[...\]</code> (for display math).
</dd>
<dt>Markdown, Emacs Org mode, ConTeXt, ZimWiki</dt>
<dd>
It will appear verbatim surrounded by <code>$...$</code> (for inline
math) or <code>$$...$$</code> (for display math).
</dd>
<dt>XWiki</dt>
<dd>
It will appear verbatim surrounded by <code>{{formula}}..{{/formula}}</code>.
</dd>
<dt>reStructuredText</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered using an <a href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/roles.html#math">interpreted text role <code>:math:</code></a>.
</dd>
<dt>AsciiDoc</dt>
<dd>
For AsciiDoc output math will appear verbatim surrounded by
<code>latexmath:[...]</code>. For <code>asciidoc_legacy</code> the bracketed material will also include inline or display math delimiters.
</dd>
<dt>Texinfo</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered inside a <code>@math</code> command.
</dd>
<dt>roff man, Jira markup</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered verbatim without <code>$</code>‘s.
</dd>
<dt>MediaWiki, DokuWiki</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered inside <code>&lt;math&gt;</code> tags.
</dd>
<dt>Textile</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered inside <code>&lt;span class=&quot;math&quot;&gt;</code> tags.
</dd>
<dt>RTF, OpenDocument</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered, if possible, using Unicode characters,
and will otherwise appear verbatim.
</dd>
<dt>ODT</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered, if possible, using MathML.
</dd>
<dt>DocBook</dt>
<dd>
If the <code>--mathml</code> flag is used, it will be rendered using MathML
in an <code>inlineequation</code> or <code>informalequation</code> tag.  Otherwise it will be rendered, if possible, using Unicode characters.
</dd>
<dt>Docx and PowerPoint</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered using OMML math markup.
</dd>
<dt>FictionBook2</dt>
<dd>
If the <code>--webtex</code> option is used, formulas are rendered as images
using CodeCogs or other compatible web service, downloaded and embedded in the e-book. Otherwise, they will appear verbatim.
</dd>
<dt>HTML, Slidy, DZSlides, S5, EPUB</dt>
<dd>
The way math is rendered in HTML will depend on the
command-line options selected. Therefore see [Math rendering in HTML] above.
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="raw-html">Raw HTML</h2>
<h3 id="extension-raw_html">Extension: <code>raw_html</code></h3>
<p>Markdown allows you to insert raw HTML (or DocBook) anywhere in a document (except verbatim contexts, where <code>&lt;</code>, <code>&gt;</code>, and <code>&amp;</code> are interpreted literally).  (Technically this is not an extension, since standard Markdown allows it, but it has been made an extension so that it can be disabled if desired.)</p>
<p>The raw HTML is passed through unchanged in HTML, S5, Slidy, Slideous, DZSlides, EPUB, Markdown, CommonMark, Emacs Org mode, and Textile output, and suppressed in other formats.</p>
<p>For a more explicit way of including raw HTML in a Markdown document, see the [<code>raw_attribute</code> extension][Extension: <code>raw_attribute</code>].</p>
<p>In the CommonMark format, if <code>raw_html</code> is enabled, superscripts, subscripts, strikeouts and small capitals will be represented as HTML. Otherwise, plain-text fallbacks will be used. Note that even if <code>raw_html</code> is disabled, tables will be rendered with HTML syntax if they cannot use pipe syntax.</p>
<h3 id="extension-markdown_in_html_blocks">Extension: <code>markdown_in_html_blocks</code></h3>
<p>Original Markdown allows you to include HTML “blocks”:  blocks of HTML between balanced tags that are separated from the surrounding text with blank lines, and start and end at the left margin.  Within these blocks, everything is interpreted as HTML, not Markdown; so (for example), <code>*</code> does not signify emphasis.</p>
<p>Pandoc behaves this way when the <code>markdown_strict</code> format is used; but by default, pandoc interprets material between HTML block tags as Markdown. Thus, for example, pandoc will turn</p>
<pre><code>&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;*one*&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;[a link](https://google.com)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</code></pre>
<p>into</p>
<pre><code>&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://google.com&quot;&gt;a link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</code></pre>
<p>whereas <code>Markdown.pl</code> will preserve it as is.</p>
<p>There is one exception to this rule:  text between <code>&lt;script&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;style&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;pre&gt;</code>, and <code>&lt;textarea&gt;</code> tags is not interpreted as Markdown.</p>
<p>This departure from original Markdown should make it easier to mix Markdown with HTML block elements.  For example, one can surround a block of Markdown text with <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> tags without preventing it from being interpreted as Markdown.</p>
<h3 id="extension-native_divs">Extension: <code>native_divs</code></h3>
<p>Use native pandoc <code>Div</code> blocks for content inside <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> tags. For the most part this should give the same output as <code>markdown_in_html_blocks</code>, but it makes it easier to write pandoc filters to manipulate groups of blocks.</p>
<h3 id="extension-native_spans">Extension: <code>native_spans</code></h3>
<p>Use native pandoc <code>Span</code> blocks for content inside <code>&lt;span&gt;</code> tags. For the most part this should give the same output as <code>raw_html</code>, but it makes it easier to write pandoc filters to manipulate groups of inlines.</p>
<h3 id="extension-raw_tex">Extension: <code>raw_tex</code></h3>
<p>In addition to raw HTML, pandoc allows raw LaTeX, TeX, and ConTeXt to be included in a document. Inline TeX commands will be preserved and passed unchanged to the LaTeX and ConTeXt writers. Thus, for example, you can use LaTeX to include BibTeX citations:</p>
<pre><code>This result was proved in \cite{jones.1967}.</code></pre>
<p>Note that in LaTeX environments, like</p>
<pre><code>\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline
Age &amp; Frequency \\ \hline
18--25  &amp; 15 \\
26--35  &amp; 33 \\
36--45  &amp; 22 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}</code></pre>
<p>the material between the begin and end tags will be interpreted as raw LaTeX, not as Markdown.</p>
<p>For a more explicit and flexible way of including raw TeX in a Markdown document, see the [<code>raw_attribute</code> extension][Extension: <code>raw_attribute</code>].</p>
<p>Inline LaTeX is ignored in output formats other than Markdown, LaTeX, Emacs Org mode, and ConTeXt.</p>
<h3 id="generic-raw-attribute">Generic raw attribute</h3>
<h3 id="extension-raw_attribute">Extension: <code>raw_attribute</code></h3>
<p>Inline spans and fenced code blocks with a special kind of attribute will be parsed as raw content with the designated format.  For example, the following produces a raw roff <code>ms</code> block:</p>
<pre><code>```{=ms}
.MYMACRO
blah blah
```</code></pre>
<p>And the following produces a raw <code>html</code> inline element:</p>
<pre><code>This is `&lt;a&gt;html&lt;/a&gt;`{=html}</code></pre>
<p>This can be useful to insert raw xml into <code>docx</code> documents, e.g. a pagebreak:</p>
<pre><code>```{=openxml}
&lt;w:p&gt;
  &lt;w:r&gt;
    &lt;w:br w:type=&quot;page&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;/w:r&gt;
&lt;/w:p&gt;
```</code></pre>
<p>The format name should match the target format name (see <code>-t/--to</code>, above, for a list, or use <code>pandoc --list-output-formats</code>). Use <code>openxml</code> for <code>docx</code> output, <code>opendocument</code> for <code>odt</code> output, <code>html5</code> for <code>epub3</code> output, <code>html4</code> for <code>epub2</code> output, and <code>latex</code>, <code>beamer</code>, <code>ms</code>, or <code>html5</code> for <code>pdf</code> output (depending on what you use for <code>--pdf-engine</code>).</p>
<p>This extension presupposes that the relevant kind of inline code or fenced code block is enabled.  Thus, for example, to use a raw attribute with a backtick code block, <code>backtick_code_blocks</code> must be enabled.</p>
<p>The raw attribute cannot be combined with regular attributes.</p>
<h2 id="latex-macros">LaTeX macros</h2>
<h3 id="extension-latex_macros">Extension: <code>latex_macros</code></h3>
<p>When this extension is enabled, pandoc will parse LaTeX macro definitions and apply the resulting macros to all LaTeX math and raw LaTeX.  So, for example, the following will work in all output formats, not just LaTeX:</p>
<pre class="pandoc-raw-tex" data-pandoc-raw-format="tex"><code class="language-tex">\newcommand{\tuple}[1]{\langle #1 \rangle}</code></pre>
<pre><code>$\tuple{a, b, c}$</code></pre>
<p>Note that LaTeX macros will not be applied if they occur inside a raw span or block marked with the <a href="#extension-raw_attribute"><code>raw_attribute</code> extension</a>.</p>
<p>When <code>latex_macros</code> is disabled, the raw LaTeX and math will not have macros applied. This is usually a better approach when you are targeting LaTeX or PDF.</p>
<p>Macro definitions in LaTeX will be passed through as raw LaTeX only if <code>latex_macros</code> is not enabled.  Macro definitions in Markdown source (or other formats allowing <code>raw_tex</code>) will be passed through regardless of whether <code>latex_macros</code> is enabled.</p>
<h2 id="links-1">Links</h2>
<p>Markdown allows links to be specified in several ways.</p>
<h3 id="automatic-links">Automatic links</h3>
<p>If you enclose a URL or email address in pointy brackets, it will become a link:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;https://google.com&gt;
&lt;sam@green.eggs.ham&gt;</code></pre>
<h3 id="inline-links">Inline links</h3>
<p>An inline link consists of the link text in square brackets, followed by the URL in parentheses. (Optionally, the URL can be followed by a link title, in quotes.)</p>
<pre><code>This is an [inline link](/url), and here&#039;s [one with
a title](https://fsf.org &quot;click here for a good time!&quot;).</code></pre>
<p>There can be no space between the bracketed part and the parenthesized part. The link text can contain formatting (such as emphasis), but the title cannot.</p>
<p>Email addresses in inline links are not autodetected, so they have to be prefixed with <code>mailto</code>:</p>
<pre><code>[Write me!](mailto:sam@green.eggs.ham)</code></pre>
<h3 id="reference-links">Reference links</h3>
<p>An <em>explicit</em> reference link has two parts, the link itself and the link definition, which may occur elsewhere in the document (either before or after the link).</p>
<p>The link consists of link text in square brackets, followed by a label in square brackets. (There cannot be space between the two unless the <code>spaced_reference_links</code> extension is enabled.) If the label is empty (<code>[]</code>), then it will be implicitly be taken to be the same as the link text; thus <code>[foo][]</code> is equivalent to <code>[foo][foo]</code>. (If the <code>shortcut_reference_links</code> extension is enabled, the empty <code>[]</code> may be omitted.)</p>
<p>The link definition consists of the bracketed label, followed by a colon and a space, followed by the URL, and optionally (after a space) a link title either in quotes or in parentheses. The label must not be parseable as a citation (assuming the <code>citations</code> extension is enabled): citations take precedence over link labels.</p>
<p>Here are some examples of reference links and link definitions;</p>
<pre><code>See [the website *I* built][my website].

See [my website][] and [the bar page][1] and
the [home page of the FSF][fsf].

[my website]: http://foo.bar.baz
[1]: /foo/bar.html  &quot;My title, optional&quot;
[fsf]: https://fsf.org (The Free Software Foundation)
[special page]: /bar#special  &#039;A title in single quotes&#039;</code></pre>
<p>The URL in a link definition may optionally be surrounded by angle brackets:</p>
<pre><code>[my label 5]: &lt;http://foo.bar.baz&gt;</code></pre>
<p>The title may go on the next line:</p>
<pre><code>[my label 3]: https://fsf.org
  &quot;The Free Software Foundation&quot;</code></pre>
<p>Note that link labels are not case sensitive.  So, this will work:</p>
<pre><code>Here is [my link][FOO]

[Foo]: /bar/baz</code></pre>
<p>The link definition may come either before or after a reference link that uses the label.</p>
<p>Note: In some Markdown implementations, reference link definitions cannot occur in nested constructions such as list items or block quotes. Pandoc lifts this arbitrary-seeming restriction. So the following is fine in pandoc, though not in all implementations:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; My block [quote].
&gt;
&gt; [quote]: /foo</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-shortcut_reference_links">Extension: <code>shortcut_reference_links</code></h3>
<p>In a <em>shortcut</em> reference link, the second pair of brackets may be omitted entirely:</p>
<pre><code>See [my website].

[my website]: http://foo.bar.baz</code></pre>
<h3 id="internal-links">Internal links</h3>
<p>To link to another section of the same document, use the automatically generated identifier (see <a href="#heading-identifiers">Heading identifiers</a>). For example:</p>
<pre><code>See the [Introduction](#introduction).</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>See the [Introduction].

[Introduction]: #introduction</code></pre>
<p>Internal links are currently supported for HTML formats (including HTML slide shows and EPUB), LaTeX, and ConTeXt.</p>
<h2 id="images">Images</h2>
<p>A link immediately preceded by a <code>!</code> will be treated as an image. The link text will be used as the image’s alt text:</p>
<pre><code>![la lune](lalune.jpg &quot;Voyage to the moon&quot;)

![movie reel]

[movie reel]: movie.gif</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-implicit_figures">Extension: <code>implicit_figures</code></h3>
<p>An image with nonempty alt text, occurring by itself in a paragraph, will be rendered as a figure with a caption.  The image’s description will be used as the caption.</p>
<pre><code>![This is the caption.](image.png)</code></pre>
<p>How this is rendered depends on the output format. Some output formats (e.g. RTF) do not yet support figures. In those formats, you’ll just get an image in a paragraph by itself, with no caption.</p>
<p>If you just want a regular inline image, just make sure it is not the only thing in the paragraph. One way to do this is to insert a nonbreaking space after the image:</p>
<pre><code>![This image won&#039;t be a figure](image.png)\</code></pre>
<p>Note that in reveal.js slide shows, an image in a paragraph by itself that has the <code>r-stretch</code> class will fill the screen, and the caption and figure tags will be omitted.</p>
<p>To specify an alt text for the image that is different from the caption, you can use an explicit attribute (assuming the <code>link_attributes</code> extension is set):</p>
<pre><code>![The caption.](image.png){alt=&quot;description of image&quot;}</code></pre>
<p>For LaTeX output, you can specify a <a href="https://www.overleaf.com/learn/latex/Positioning_images_and_tables#The_figure_environment">figure’s positioning</a> by adding the <code>latex-placement</code> attribute.</p>
<pre><code>![The caption.](image.png){latex-placement=&quot;ht&quot;}</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-link_attributes">Extension: <code>link_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Attributes can be set on links and images:</p>
<pre><code>An inline ![image](foo.jpg){#id .class width=30 height=20px}
and a reference ![image][ref] with attributes.

[ref]: foo.jpg &quot;optional title&quot; {#id .class key=val key2=&quot;val 2&quot;}</code></pre>
<p>(This syntax is compatible with <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown Extra</a> when only <code>#id</code> and <code>.class</code> are used.)</p>
<p>For HTML and EPUB, all known HTML5 attributes except <code>width</code> and <code>height</code> (but including <code>srcset</code> and <code>sizes</code>) are passed through as is. Unknown attributes are passed through as custom attributes, with <code>data-</code> prepended. The other writers ignore attributes that are not specifically supported by their output format.</p>
<p>The <code>width</code> and <code>height</code> attributes on images are treated specially. When used without a unit, the unit is assumed to be pixels. However, any of the following unit identifiers can be used: <code>px</code>, <code>cm</code>, <code>mm</code>, <code>in</code>, <code>inch</code> and <code>%</code>. There must not be any spaces between the number and the unit. For example:</p>
<pre><code>![](file.jpg){ width=50% }</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>Dimensions may be converted to a form that is compatible with the output format (for example, dimensions given in pixels will be converted to inches when converting HTML to LaTeX). Conversion between pixels and physical measurements is affected by the <code>--dpi</code> option (by default, 96 dpi is assumed, unless the image itself contains dpi information).</li>
<li>The <code>%</code> unit is generally relative to some available space. For example the above example will render to the following.
<ul>
<li>HTML: <code>&lt;img href=&quot;file.jpg&quot; style=&quot;width: 50%;&quot; /&gt;</code></li>
<li>LaTeX: <code>\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth,height=\textheight]{file.jpg}</code> (If you’re using a custom template, you need to configure <code>graphicx</code> as in the default template.)</li>
<li>ConTeXt: <code>\externalfigure[file.jpg][width=0.5\textwidth]</code></li>
</ul></li>
<li>Some output formats have a notion of a class (<a href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Using_Graphics#Multiple_Image_Settings">ConTeXt</a>) or a unique identifier (LaTeX <code>\caption</code>), or both (HTML).</li>
<li>When no <code>width</code> or <code>height</code> attributes are specified, the fallback is to look at the image resolution and the dpi metadata embedded in the image file.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="divs-and-spans">Divs and Spans</h2>
<p>Using the <code>native_divs</code> and <code>native_spans</code> extensions (see [above][Extension: <code>native_divs</code>]), HTML syntax can be used as part of Markdown to create native <code>Div</code> and <code>Span</code> elements in the pandoc AST (as opposed to raw HTML). However, there is also nicer syntax available:</p>
<h3 id="extension-fenced_divs">Extension: <code>fenced_divs</code></h3>
<p>Allow special fenced syntax for native <code>Div</code> blocks.  A Div starts with a fence containing at least three consecutive colons plus some attributes. The attributes may optionally be followed by another string of consecutive colons.</p>
<p>Note:  the <code>commonmark</code> parser doesn’t permit colons after the attributes.</p>
<p>The attribute syntax is exactly as in fenced code blocks (see [Extension: <code>fenced_code_attributes</code>]).  As with fenced code blocks, one can use either attributes in curly braces or a single unbraced word, which will be treated as a class name.  The Div ends with another line containing a string of at least three consecutive colons.  The fenced Div should be separated by blank lines from preceding and following blocks.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<pre><code>::::: {#special .sidebar}
Here is a paragraph.

And another.
:::::</code></pre>
<p>Fenced divs can be nested.  Opening fences are distinguished because they <em>must</em> have attributes:</p>
<pre><code>::: Warning ::::::
This is a warning.

::: Danger
This is a warning within a warning.
:::
::::::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<p>Fences without attributes are always closing fences.  Unlike with fenced code blocks, the number of colons in the closing fence need not match the number in the opening fence.  However, it can be helpful for visual clarity to use fences of different lengths to distinguish nested divs from their parents.</p>
<h3 id="extension-bracketed_spans">Extension: <code>bracketed_spans</code></h3>
<p>A bracketed sequence of inlines, as one would use to begin a link, will be treated as a <code>Span</code> with attributes if it is followed immediately by attributes:</p>
<pre><code>[This is *some text*]{.class key=&quot;val&quot;}</code></pre>
<h2 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h2>
<h3 id="extension-footnotes">Extension: <code>footnotes</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc’s Markdown allows footnotes, using the following syntax:</p>
<pre><code>Here is a footnote reference,[^1] and another.[^longnote]

[^1]: Here is the footnote.

[^longnote]: Here&#039;s one with multiple blocks.

    Subsequent paragraphs are indented to show that they
belong to the previous footnote.

        { some.code }

    The whole paragraph can be indented, or just the first
    line.  In this way, multi-paragraph footnotes work like
    multi-paragraph list items.

This paragraph won&#039;t be part of the note, because it
isn&#039;t indented.</code></pre>
<p>The identifiers in footnote references may not contain spaces, tabs, newlines, or the characters <code>^</code>, <code>[</code>, or <code>]</code>. These identifiers are used only to correlate the footnote reference with the note itself; in the output, footnotes will be numbered sequentially.</p>
<p>The footnotes themselves need not be placed at the end of the document.  They may appear anywhere except inside other block elements (lists, block quotes, tables, etc.).  Each footnote should be separated from surrounding content (including other footnotes) by blank lines.</p>
<h3 id="extension-inline_notes">Extension: <code>inline_notes</code></h3>
<p>Inline footnotes are also allowed (though, unlike regular notes, they cannot contain multiple paragraphs).  The syntax is as follows:</p>
<pre><code>Here is an inline note.^[Inline notes are easier to write, since
you don&#039;t have to pick an identifier and move down to type the
note.]</code></pre>
<p>Inline and regular footnotes may be mixed freely.</p>
<h2 id="citation-syntax">Citation syntax</h2>
<h3 id="extension-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code></h3>
<p>To cite a bibliographic item with an identifier foo, use the syntax <code>@foo</code>.  Normal citations should be included in square brackets, with semicolons separating distinct items:</p>
<pre><code>Blah blah [@doe99; @smith2000; @smith2004].</code></pre>
<p>How this is rendered depends on the citation style.  In an author-date style, it might render as</p>
<pre><code>Blah blah (Doe 1999, Smith 2000, 2004).</code></pre>
<p>In a footnote style, it might render as</p>
<pre><code>Blah blah.[^1]

[^1]:  John Doe, &quot;Frogs,&quot; *Journal of Amphibians* 44 (1999);
Susan Smith, &quot;Flies,&quot; *Journal of Insects* (2000);
Susan Smith, &quot;Bees,&quot; *Journal of Insects* (2004).</code></pre>
<p>See the <a href="https://citationstyles.org/authors/">CSL user documentation</a> for more information about CSL styles and how they affect rendering.</p>
<p>Unless a citation key starts with a letter, digit, or <code>_</code>, and contains only alphanumerics and single internal punctuation characters (<code>:.#$%&amp;-+?&lt;&gt;~/</code>), it must be surrounded by curly braces, which are not considered part of the key. In <code>@Foo_bar.baz.</code>, the key is <code>Foo_bar.baz</code> because the final period is not <em>internal</em> punctuation, so it is not included in the key.  In <code>@{Foo_bar.baz.}</code>, the key is <code>Foo_bar.baz.</code>, including the final period. In <code>@Foo_bar--baz</code>, the key is <code>Foo_bar</code> because the repeated internal punctuation characters terminate the key. The curly braces are recommended if you use URLs as keys: <code>[@{https://example.com/bib?name=foobar&amp;date=2000}, p.  33]</code>.</p>
<p>Citation items may optionally include a prefix, a locator, and a suffix.  In</p>
<pre><code>Blah blah [see @doe99, pp. 33-35 and *passim*; @smith04, chap. 1].</code></pre>
<p>the first item (<code>doe99</code>) has prefix <code>see </code>, locator <code>pp.  33-35</code>, and suffix <code>and *passim*</code>.  The second item (<code>smith04</code>) has locator <code>chap. 1</code> and no prefix or suffix.</p>
<p>Pandoc uses some heuristics to separate the locator from the rest of the subject.  It is sensitive to the locator terms defined in the <a href="https://github.com/citation-style-language/locales">CSL locale files</a>.  Either abbreviated or unabbreviated forms are accepted. In the <code>en-US</code> locale, locator terms can be written in either singular or plural forms, as <code>book</code>, <code>bk.</code>/<code>bks.</code>; <code>chapter</code>, <code>chap.</code>/<code>chaps.</code>; <code>column</code>, <code>col.</code>/<code>cols.</code>; <code>figure</code>, <code>fig.</code>/<code>figs.</code>; <code>folio</code>, <code>fol.</code>/<code>fols.</code>; <code>number</code>, <code>no.</code>/<code>nos.</code>; <code>line</code>, <code>l.</code>/<code>ll.</code>; <code>note</code>, <code>n.</code>/<code>nn.</code>; <code>opus</code>, <code>op.</code>/<code>opp.</code>; <code>page</code>, <code>p.</code>/<code>pp.</code>; <code>paragraph</code>, <code>para.</code>/<code>paras.</code>; <code>part</code>, <code>pt.</code>/<code>pts.</code>; <code>section</code>, <code>sec.</code>/<code>secs.</code>; <code>sub verbo</code>, <code>s.v.</code>/<code>s.vv.</code>; <code>verse</code>, <code>v.</code>/<code>vv.</code>; <code>volume</code>, <code>vol.</code>/<code>vols.</code>; <code>¶</code>/<code>¶¶</code>; <code>§</code>/<code>§§</code>. If no locator term is used, “page” is assumed.</p>
<p>In complex cases, you can force something to be treated as a locator by enclosing it in curly braces or prevent parsing the suffix as locator by prepending curly braces:</p>
<pre><code>[@smith{ii, A, D-Z}, with a suffix]
[@smith, {pp. iv, vi-xi, (xv)-(xvii)} with suffix here]
[@smith{}, 99 years later]</code></pre>
<p>A minus sign (<code>-</code>) before the <code>@</code> will suppress mention of the author in the citation.  This can be useful when the author is already mentioned in the text:</p>
<pre><code>Smith says blah [-@smith04].</code></pre>
<p>You can also write an author-in-text citation, by omitting the square brackets:</p>
<pre><code>@smith04 says blah.

@smith04 [p. 33] says blah.</code></pre>
<p>This will cause the author’s name to be rendered, followed by the bibliographical details.  Use this form when you want to make the citation the subject of a sentence.</p>
<p>When you are using a note style, it is usually better to let citeproc create the footnotes from citations rather than writing an explicit note.  If you do write an explicit note that contains a citation, note that normal citations will be put in parentheses, while author-in-text citations will not.  For this reason, it is sometimes preferable to use the author-in-text style inside notes when using a note style.</p>
<p>Many CSL styles will format citations differently when the same source has been cited earlier.  In documents with chapters, it is usually desirable to reset this position information at the beginning of every chapter. To do this, add the class <code>reset-citation-positions</code> to the heading for each chapter:</p>
<pre><code># The Beginning {.reset-citation-positions}</code></pre>
<p>Note that this class only has an effect when placed on top-level headings; it is ignored in nested blocks.</p>
<h2 id="non-default-extensions">Non-default extensions</h2>
<p>The following Markdown syntax extensions are not enabled by default in pandoc, but may be enabled by adding <code>+EXTENSION</code> to the format name, where <code>EXTENSION</code> is the name of the extension.  Thus, for example, <code>markdown+hard_line_breaks</code> is Markdown with hard line breaks.</p>
<h3 id="extension-rebase_relative_paths">Extension: <code>rebase_relative_paths</code></h3>
<p>Rewrite relative paths for Markdown links and images, depending on the path of the file containing the link or image link.  For each link or image, pandoc will compute the directory of the containing file, relative to the working directory, and prepend the resulting path to the link or image path.</p>
<p>The use of this extension is best understood by example. Suppose you have a subdirectory for each chapter of a book, <code>chap1</code>, <code>chap2</code>, <code>chap3</code>. Each contains a file <code>text.md</code> and a number of images used in the chapter.  You would like to have <code>![image](spider.jpg)</code> in <code>chap1/text.md</code> refer to <code>chap1/spider.jpg</code> and <code>![image](spider.jpg)</code> in <code>chap2/text.md</code> refer to <code>chap2/spider.jpg</code>.  To do this, use</p>
<pre><code>pandoc chap*/*.md -f markdown+rebase_relative_paths</code></pre>
<p>Without this extension, you would have to use <code>![image](chap1/spider.jpg)</code> in <code>chap1/text.md</code> and <code>![image](chap2/spider.jpg)</code> in <code>chap2/text.md</code>.  Links with relative paths will be rewritten in the same way as images.</p>
<p>Absolute paths and URLs are not changed.  Neither are empty paths or paths consisting entirely of a fragment, e.g., <code>#foo</code>.</p>
<p>Note that relative paths in reference links and images will be rewritten relative to the file containing the link reference definition, not the file containing the reference link or image itself, if these differ.</p>
<h3 id="extension-mark">Extension: <code>mark</code></h3>
<p>To highlight out a section of text, begin and end it with with <code>==</code>. Thus, for example,</p>
<pre><code>This ==is deleted text.==</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-attributes">Extension: <code>attributes</code></h3>
<p>Allows attributes to be attached to any inline or block-level element when parsing <code>commonmark</code>. The syntax for the attributes is the same as that used in [<code>header_attributes</code>][Extension: <code>header_attributes</code>].</p>
<ul>
<li>Attributes that occur immediately after an inline element affect that element.  If they follow a space, then they belong to the space.  (Hence, this option subsumes <code>inline_code_attributes</code> and <code>link_attributes</code>.)</li>
<li>Attributes that occur immediately before a block element, on a line by themselves, affect that element.</li>
<li>Consecutive attribute specifiers may be used, either for blocks or for inlines.  Their attributes will be combined.</li>
<li>Attributes that occur at the end of the text of a Setext or ATX heading (separated by whitespace from the text) affect the heading element. (Hence, this option subsumes <code>header_attributes</code>.)</li>
<li>Attributes that occur after the opening fence in a fenced code block affect the code block element. (Hence, this option subsumes <code>fenced_code_attributes</code>.)</li>
<li>Attributes that occur at the end of a reference link definition affect links that refer to that definition.</li>
</ul>
<p>Note that pandoc’s AST does not currently allow attributes to be attached to arbitrary elements.  Hence a Span or Div container will be added if needed.</p>
<h3 id="extension-old_dashes">Extension: <code>old_dashes</code></h3>
<p>Selects the pandoc &lt;= 1.8.2.1 behavior for parsing smart dashes: <code>-</code> before a numeral is an en-dash, and <code>--</code> is an em-dash. This option only has an effect if <code>smart</code> is enabled. It is selected automatically for <code>textile</code> input.</p>
<h3 id="extension-angle_brackets_escapable">Extension: <code>angle_brackets_escapable</code></h3>
<p>Allow <code>&lt;</code> and <code>&gt;</code> to be backslash-escaped, as they can be in GitHub flavored Markdown but not original Markdown.  This is implied by pandoc’s default <code>all_symbols_escapable</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-lists_without_preceding_blankline">Extension: <code>lists_without_preceding_blankline</code></h3>
<p>Allow a list to occur right after a paragraph, with no intervening blank space.</p>
<h3 id="extension-four_space_rule">Extension: <code>four_space_rule</code></h3>
<p>Selects the pandoc &lt;= 2.0 behavior for parsing lists, so that four spaces indent are needed for list item continuation paragraphs.</p>
<h3 id="extension-spaced_reference_links">Extension: <code>spaced_reference_links</code></h3>
<p>Allow whitespace between the two components of a reference link, for example,</p>
<pre><code>[foo] [bar].</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-hard_line_breaks">Extension: <code>hard_line_breaks</code></h3>
<p>Causes all newlines within a paragraph to be interpreted as hard line breaks instead of spaces.</p>
<h3 id="extension-ignore_line_breaks">Extension: <code>ignore_line_breaks</code></h3>
<p>Causes newlines within a paragraph to be ignored, rather than being treated as spaces or as hard line breaks.  This option is intended for use with East Asian languages where spaces are not used between words, but text is divided into lines for readability.</p>
<h3 id="extension-east_asian_line_breaks">Extension: <code>east_asian_line_breaks</code></h3>
<p>Causes newlines within a paragraph to be ignored, rather than being treated as spaces or as hard line breaks, when they occur between two East Asian wide characters.  This is a better choice than <code>ignore_line_breaks</code> for texts that include a mix of East Asian wide characters and other characters.</p>
<h3 id="extension-emoji">Extension: <code>emoji</code></h3>
<p>Parses textual emojis like <code>:smile:</code> as Unicode emoticons.</p>
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_gfm">Extension: <code>tex_math_gfm</code></h3>
<p>Supports two GitHub-specific formats for math. Inline math: <code>$`e=mc^2`$</code>.</p>
<p>Display math:</p>
<pre><code>``` math
e=mc^2
```</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_single_backslash">Extension: <code>tex_math_single_backslash</code></h3>
<p>Causes anything between <code>\(</code> and <code>\)</code> to be interpreted as inline TeX math, and anything between <code>\[</code> and <code>\]</code> to be interpreted as display TeX math.  Note: a drawback of this extension is that it precludes escaping <code>(</code> and <code>[</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_double_backslash">Extension: <code>tex_math_double_backslash</code></h3>
<p>Causes anything between <code>\\(</code> and <code>\\)</code> to be interpreted as inline TeX math, and anything between <code>\\[</code> and <code>\\]</code> to be interpreted as display TeX math.</p>
<h3 id="extension-markdown_attribute">Extension: <code>markdown_attribute</code></h3>
<p>By default, pandoc interprets material inside block-level tags as Markdown. This extension changes the behavior so that Markdown is only parsed inside block-level tags if the tags have the attribute <code>markdown=1</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-mmd_title_block">Extension: <code>mmd_title_block</code></h3>
<p>Enables a <a href="https://fletcherpenney.net/multimarkdown/">MultiMarkdown</a> style title block at the top of the document, for example:</p>
<pre><code>Title:   My title
Author:  John Doe
Date:    September 1, 2008
Comment: This is a sample mmd title block, with
         a field spanning multiple lines.</code></pre>
<p>See the MultiMarkdown documentation for details.  If <code>pandoc_title_block</code> or <code>yaml_metadata_block</code> is enabled, it will take precedence over <code>mmd_title_block</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-abbreviations">Extension: <code>abbreviations</code></h3>
<p>Parses PHP Markdown Extra abbreviation keys, like</p>
<pre><code>*[HTML]: Hypertext Markup Language</code></pre>
<p>Note that the pandoc document model does not support abbreviations, so if this extension is enabled, abbreviation keys are simply skipped (as opposed to being parsed as paragraphs).</p>
<h3 id="extension-alerts">Extension: <code>alerts</code></h3>
<p>Supports <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax#alerts">GitHub-style Markdown alerts</a>, like</p>
<pre><code>&gt; [!TIP]
&gt; Helpful advice for doing things better or more easily.</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-autolink_bare_uris">Extension: <code>autolink_bare_uris</code></h3>
<p>Makes all absolute URIs into links, even when not surrounded by pointy braces <code>&lt;...&gt;</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-mmd_link_attributes">Extension: <code>mmd_link_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Parses MultiMarkdown-style key-value attributes on link and image references. This extension should not be confused with the <a href="#extension-link_attributes"><code>link_attributes</code></a> extension.</p>
<pre><code>This is a reference ![image][ref] with MultiMarkdown attributes.

[ref]: https://path.to/image &quot;Image title&quot; width=20px height=30px
       id=myId class=&quot;myClass1 myClass2&quot;</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-mmd_header_identifiers">Extension: <code>mmd_header_identifiers</code></h3>
<p>Parses MultiMarkdown-style heading identifiers (in square brackets, after the heading but before any trailing <code>#</code>s in an ATX heading).</p>
<h3 id="extension-gutenberg">Extension: <code>gutenberg</code></h3>
<p>Use <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">Project Gutenberg</a> conventions for <code>plain</code> output: all-caps for strong emphasis, surround by underscores for regular emphasis, add extra blank space around headings.</p>
<h3 id="extension-sourcepos">Extension: <code>sourcepos</code></h3>
<p>Include source position attributes when parsing <code>commonmark</code>. For elements that accept attributes, a <code>data-pos</code> attribute is added; other elements are placed in a surrounding Div or Span element with a <code>data-pos</code> attribute.</p>
<h3 id="extension-short_subsuperscripts">Extension: <code>short_subsuperscripts</code></h3>
<p>Parse MultiMarkdown-style subscripts and superscripts, which start with a ‘~’ or ‘^’ character, respectively, and include the alphanumeric sequence that follows. For example:</p>
<pre><code>x^2 = 4</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>Oxygen is O~2.</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-wikilinks_title_after_pipe">Extension: <code>wikilinks_title_after_pipe</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc supports multiple Markdown wikilink syntaxes, regardless of whether the title is before or after the pipe.</p>
<p>Using <code>--from=markdown+wikilinks_title_after_pipe</code> results in</p>
<pre class="[[Wiki]]"><code>[[URL|title]]</code></pre>
<p>while using <code>--from=markdown+wikilinks_title_before_pipe</code> results in</p>
<pre class="[[Wiki]]"><code>[[title|URL]]</code></pre>
<h2 id="markdown-variants">Markdown variants</h2>
<p>In addition to pandoc’s extended Markdown, the following Markdown variants are supported:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>markdown_phpextra</code> (PHP Markdown Extra)</li>
<li><code>markdown_github</code> (deprecated GitHub-Flavored Markdown)</li>
<li><code>markdown_mmd</code> (MultiMarkdown)</li>
<li><code>markdown_strict</code> (Markdown.pl)</li>
<li><code>commonmark</code> (CommonMark)</li>
<li><code>gfm</code> (Github-Flavored Markdown)</li>
<li><code>commonmark_x</code> (CommonMark with many pandoc extensions)</li>
</ul>
<p>To see which extensions are supported for a given format, and which are enabled by default, you can use the command</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --list-extensions=FORMAT</code></pre>
<p>where <code>FORMAT</code> is replaced with the name of the format.</p>
<p>Note that the list of extensions for <code>commonmark</code>, <code>gfm</code>, and <code>commonmark_x</code> are defined relative to default commonmark.  So, for example, <code>backtick_code_blocks</code> does not appear as an extension, since it is enabled by default and cannot be disabled.</p>
<h1 id="citations">Citations</h1>
<p>When the <code>--citeproc</code> option is used, pandoc can automatically generate citations and a bibliography in a number of styles.  Basic usage is</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --citeproc myinput.txt</code></pre>
<p>To use this feature, you will need to have</p>
<ul>
<li>a document containing citations (see <a href="#citation-syntax">Citation syntax</a>);</li>
<li>a source of bibliographic data: either an external bibliography file or a list of <code>references</code> in the document’s YAML metadata;</li>
<li>optionally, a <a href="https://docs.citationstyles.org/en/stable/specification.html">CSL</a> citation style.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="specifying-bibliographic-data">Specifying bibliographic data</h2>
<p>You can specify an external bibliography using the <code>bibliography</code> metadata field in a YAML metadata section or the <code>--bibliography</code> command line argument. If you want to use multiple bibliography files, you can supply multiple <code>--bibliography</code> arguments or set <code>bibliography</code> metadata field to YAML array.  A bibliography may have any of these formats:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">Format</th><th>File extension</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">BibLaTeX</td><td>.bib</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">BibTeX</td><td>.bibtex</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">CSL JSON</td><td>.json</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">CSL YAML</td><td>.yaml</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">RIS</td><td>.ris</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note that <code>.bib</code> can be used with both BibTeX and BibLaTeX files; use the extension <code>.bibtex</code> to force interpretation as BibTeX.</p>
<p>In BibTeX and BibLaTeX databases, pandoc parses LaTeX markup inside fields such as <code>title</code>; in CSL YAML databases, pandoc Markdown; and in CSL JSON databases, an <a href="https://citeproc-js.readthedocs.io/en/latest/csl-json/markup.html#html-like-formatting-tags">HTML-like markup</a>:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>&lt;i&gt;...&lt;/i&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
italics
</dd>
<dt><code>&lt;b&gt;...&lt;/b&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
bold
</dd>
<dt><code>&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant:small-caps;&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;sc&gt;...&lt;/sc&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
small capitals
</dd>
<dt><code>&lt;sub&gt;...&lt;/sub&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
subscript
</dd>
<dt><code>&lt;sup&gt;...&lt;/sup&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
superscript
</dd>
<dt><code>&lt;span class=&quot;nocase&quot;&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
prevent a phrase from being capitalized as title case
</dd>
</dl>
<p>As an alternative to specifying a bibliography file using <code>--bibliography</code> or the YAML metadata field <code>bibliography</code>, you can include the citation data directly in the <code>references</code> field of the document’s YAML metadata. The field should contain an array of YAML-encoded references, for example:</p>
<pre><code>---
references:
- type: article-journal
  id: WatsonCrick1953
  author:
  - family: Watson
    given: J. D.
  - family: Crick
    given: F. H. C.
  issued:
    date-parts:
    - - 1953
      - 4
      - 25
  title: &#039;Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for
    deoxyribose nucleic acid&#039;
  title-short: Molecular structure of nucleic acids
  container-title: Nature
  volume: 171
  issue: 4356
  page: 737-738
  DOI: 10.1038/171737a0
  URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/171737a0
  language: en-GB
...</code></pre>
<p>If both an external bibliography and inline (YAML metadata) references are provided, both will be used. In case of conflicting <code>id</code>s, the inline references will take precedence.</p>
<p>Note that pandoc can be used to produce such a YAML metadata section from a BibTeX, BibLaTeX, or CSL JSON bibliography:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc chem.bib -s -f biblatex -t markdown
pandoc chem.json -s -f csljson -t markdown</code></pre>
<p>Indeed, pandoc can convert between any of these citation formats:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc chem.bib -s -f biblatex -t csljson
pandoc chem.yaml -s -f markdown -t biblatex</code></pre>
<p>Running pandoc on a bibliography file with the <code>--citeproc</code> option will create a formatted bibliography in the format of your choice:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc chem.bib -s --citeproc -o chem.html
pandoc chem.bib -s --citeproc -o chem.pdf</code></pre>
<h3 id="capitalization-in-titles">Capitalization in titles</h3>
<p>If you are using a bibtex or biblatex bibliography, then observe the following rules:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>English titles should be in title case.  Non-English titles should be in sentence case, and the <code>langid</code> field in biblatex should be set to the relevant language.  (The following values are treated as English:  <code>american</code>, <code>british</code>, <code>canadian</code>, <code>english</code>, <code>australian</code>, <code>newzealand</code>, <code>USenglish</code>, or <code>UKenglish</code>.)</p></li>
<li><p>As is standard with bibtex/biblatex, proper names should be protected with curly braces so that they won’t be lowercased in styles that call for sentence case.  For example:</p>
<pre><code>title = {My Dinner with {Andre}}</code></pre></li>
<li><p>In addition, words that should remain lowercase (or camelCase) should be protected:</p>
<pre><code>title = {Spin Wave Dispersion on the {nm} Scale}</code></pre>
<p>Though this is not necessary in bibtex/biblatex, it is necessary with citeproc, which stores titles internally in sentence case, and converts to title case in styles that require it.  Here we protect “nm” so that it doesn’t get converted to “Nm” at this stage.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If you are using a CSL bibliography (either JSON or YAML), then observe the following rules:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>All titles should be in sentence case.</p></li>
<li><p>Use the <code>language</code> field for non-English titles to prevent their conversion to title case in styles that call for this. (Conversion happens only if <code>language</code> begins with <code>en</code> or is left empty.)</p></li>
<li><p>Protect words that should not be converted to title case using this syntax:</p>
<pre><code>Spin wave dispersion on the &lt;span class=&quot;nocase&quot;&gt;nm&lt;/span&gt; scale</code></pre></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="conference-papers-published-vs.-unpublished">Conference Papers, Published vs. Unpublished</h3>
<p>For a formally published conference paper, use the biblatex entry type <code>inproceedings</code> (which will be mapped to CSL <code>paper-conference</code>).</p>
<p>For an unpublished manuscript, use the biblatex entry type <code>unpublished</code> without an <code>eventtitle</code> field (this entry type will be mapped to CSL <code>manuscript</code>).</p>
<p>For a talk, an unpublished conference paper, or a poster presentation, use the biblatex entry type <code>unpublished</code> with an <code>eventtitle</code> field (this entry type will be mapped to CSL <code>speech</code>). Use the biblatex <code>type</code> field to indicate the type, e.g. “Paper”, or “Poster”. <code>venue</code> and <code>eventdate</code> may be useful too, though <code>eventdate</code> will not be rendered by most CSL styles. Note that <code>venue</code> is for the event’s venue, unlike <code>location</code> which describes the publisher’s location; do not use the latter for an unpublished conference paper.</p>
<h2 id="specifying-a-citation-style">Specifying a citation style</h2>
<p>Citations and references can be formatted using any style supported by the <a href="https://citationstyles.org">Citation Style Language</a>, listed in the <a href="https://www.zotero.org/styles">Zotero Style Repository</a>. These files are specified using the <code>--csl</code> option or the <code>csl</code> (or <code>citation-style</code>) metadata field.  By default, pandoc will use the <a href="https://chicagomanualofstyle.org">Chicago Manual of Style</a> author-date format.  (You can override this default by copying a CSL style of your choice to <code>default.csl</code> in your user data directory.) The CSL project provides further information on <a href="https://citationstyles.org/authors/">finding and editing styles</a>.</p>
<p>The <code>--citation-abbreviations</code> option (or the <code>citation-abbreviations</code> metadata field) may be used to specify a JSON file containing abbreviations of journals that should be used in formatted bibliographies when <code>form=&quot;short&quot;</code> is specified.  The format of the file can be illustrated with an example:</p>
<pre><code>{ &quot;default&quot;: {
    &quot;container-title&quot;: {
            &quot;Lloyd&#039;s Law Reports&quot;: &quot;Lloyd&#039;s Rep&quot;,
            &quot;Estates Gazette&quot;: &quot;EG&quot;,
            &quot;Scots Law Times&quot;: &quot;SLT&quot;
    }
  }
}</code></pre>
<h2 id="citations-in-note-styles">Citations in note styles</h2>
<p>Pandoc’s citation processing is designed to allow you to move between author-date, numerical, and note styles without modifying the Markdown source.  When you’re using a note style, avoid inserting footnotes manually. Instead, insert citations just as you would in an author-date style—for example,</p>
<pre><code>Blah blah [@foo, p. 33].</code></pre>
<p>The footnote will be created automatically. Pandoc will take care of removing the space and moving the note before or after the period, depending on the setting of <code>notes-after-punctuation</code>, as described below in <a href="#other-relevant-metadata-fields">Other relevant metadata fields</a>.</p>
<p>In some cases you may need to put a citation inside a regular footnote.  Normal citations in footnotes (such as <code>[@foo, p. 33]</code>) will be rendered in parentheses.  In-text citations (such as <code>@foo [p. 33]</code>) will be rendered without parentheses. (A comma will be added if appropriate.)  Thus:</p>
<pre><code>[^1]:  Some studies [@foo; @bar, p. 33] show that
frubulicious zoosnaps are quantical.  For a survey
of the literature, see @baz [chap. 1].</code></pre>
<h2 id="placement-of-the-bibliography">Placement of the bibliography</h2>
<p>If the style calls for a list of works cited, it will be placed in a div with id <code>refs</code>, if one exists:<a href="#fn4" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref4" role="doc-noteref"><sup>4</sup></a></p>
<pre><code>::: {#refs}
:::</code></pre>
<p>Otherwise, it will be placed at the end of the document. Generation of the bibliography can be suppressed by setting <code>suppress-bibliography: true</code> in the YAML metadata.</p>
<p>If you wish the bibliography to have a section heading, you can set <code>reference-section-title</code> in the metadata, or put the heading at the beginning of the div with id <code>refs</code> (if you are using it) or at the end of your document:</p>
<pre><code>last paragraph...

# References</code></pre>
<p>The bibliography will be inserted after this heading.  Note that the <code>unnumbered</code> class will be added to this heading, so that the section will not be numbered.</p>
<p>If you want to put the bibliography into a variable in your template, one way to do that is to put the div with id <code>refs</code> into a metadata field, e.g.</p>
<pre><code>---
refs: |
   ::: {#refs}
   :::
...</code></pre>
<p>You can then put the variable <code>$refs$</code> into your template where you want the bibliography to be placed.</p>
<h2 id="including-uncited-items-in-the-bibliography">Including uncited items in the bibliography</h2>
<p>If you want to include items in the bibliography without actually citing them in the body text, you can define a dummy <code>nocite</code> metadata field and put the citations there:</p>
<pre><code>---
nocite: |
  @item1, @item2
...

@item3</code></pre>
<p>In this example, the document will contain a citation for <code>item3</code> only, but the bibliography will contain entries for <code>item1</code>, <code>item2</code>, and <code>item3</code>.</p>
<p>It is possible to create a bibliography with all the citations, whether or not they appear in the document, by using a wildcard:</p>
<pre><code>---
nocite: |
  @*
...</code></pre>
<p>For LaTeX output, you can also use <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/natbib"><code>natbib</code></a> or <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex"><code>biblatex</code></a> to render the bibliography. In order to do so, specify bibliography files as outlined above, and add <code>--natbib</code> or <code>--biblatex</code> argument to pandoc invocation. Bear in mind that bibliography files have to be in either BibTeX (for <code>--natbib</code>) or BibLaTeX (for <code>--biblatex</code>) format.</p>
<h2 id="other-relevant-metadata-fields">Other relevant metadata fields</h2>
<p>A few other metadata fields affect bibliography formatting:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>link-citations</code></dt>
<dd>
If true, citations will be hyperlinked to the
corresponding bibliography entries (for author-date and numerical styles only).  Defaults to false.
</dd>
<dt><code>link-bibliography</code></dt>
<dd>
If true, DOIs, PMCIDs, PMID, and URLs in bibliographies will
be rendered as hyperlinks.  (If an entry contains a DOI, PMCID, PMID, or URL, but none of these fields are rendered by the style, then the title, or in the absence of a title the whole entry, will be hyperlinked.)  Defaults to true.
</dd>
<dt><code>lang</code></dt>
<dd>
The <code>lang</code> field will affect how the style is localized,
for example in the translation of labels, the use of quotation marks, and the way items are sorted. (For backwards compatibility, <code>locale</code> may be used instead of <code>lang</code>, but this use is deprecated.)
A BCP 47 language tag is expected:  for example, <code>en</code>, <code>de</code>, <code>en-US</code>, <code>fr-CA</code>, <code>ug-Cyrl</code>.  The unicode extension syntax (after <code>-u-</code>) may be used to specify options for collation (sorting) more precisely. Here are some examples:
<ul>
<li><code>zh-u-co-pinyin</code>: Chinese with the Pinyin collation.</li>
<li><code>es-u-co-trad</code>: Spanish with the traditional collation (with <code>Ch</code> sorting after <code>C</code>).</li>
<li><code>fr-u-kb</code>: French with “backwards” accent sorting (with <code>coté</code> sorting after <code>côte</code>).</li>
<li><code>en-US-u-kf-upper</code>: English with uppercase letters sorting before lower (default is lower before upper).</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt><code>notes-after-punctuation</code></dt>
<dd>
If true (the default for note styles), pandoc will put
footnote references or superscripted numerical citations after following punctuation.  For example, if the source contains <code>blah blah [@jones99].</code>, the result will look like <code>blah blah.[^1]</code>, with the note moved after the period and the space collapsed.  If false, the space will still be collapsed, but the footnote will not be moved after the punctuation.  The option may also be used in numerical styles that use superscripts for citation numbers (but for these styles the default is not to move the citation).
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="slide-shows">Slide shows</h1>
<p>You can use pandoc to produce an HTML + JavaScript slide presentation that can be viewed via a web browser.  There are five ways to do this, using <a href="https://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/s5/">S5</a>, <a href="https://paulrouget.com/dzslides/">DZSlides</a>, <a href="https://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy2/">Slidy</a>, <a href="https://goessner.net/articles/slideous/">Slideous</a>, or <a href="https://revealjs.com/">reveal.js</a>. You can also produce a PDF slide show using LaTeX <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/beamer"><code>beamer</code></a>, or slide shows in Microsoft <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint">PowerPoint</a> format.</p>
<p>Here’s the Markdown source for a simple slide show, <code>habits.txt</code>:</p>
<pre><code>% Habits
% John Doe
% March 22, 2005

# In the morning

## Getting up

- Turn off alarm
- Get out of bed

## Breakfast

- Eat eggs
- Drink coffee

# In the evening

## Dinner

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

------------------

![picture of spaghetti](images/spaghetti.jpg)

## Going to sleep

- Get in bed
- Count sheep</code></pre>
<p>To produce an HTML/JavaScript slide show, simply type</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t FORMAT -s habits.txt -o habits.html</code></pre>
<p>where <code>FORMAT</code> is either <code>s5</code>, <code>slidy</code>, <code>slideous</code>, <code>dzslides</code>, or <code>revealjs</code>.</p>
<p>For Slidy, Slideous, reveal.js, and S5, the file produced by pandoc with the <code>-s/--standalone</code> option embeds a link to JavaScript and CSS files, which are assumed to be available at the relative path <code>s5/default</code> (for S5), <code>slideous</code> (for Slideous), <code>reveal.js</code> (for reveal.js), or at the Slidy website at <code>w3.org</code> (for Slidy).  (These paths can be changed by setting the <code>slidy-url</code>, <code>slideous-url</code>, <code>revealjs-url</code>, or <code>s5-url</code> variables; see <a href="#variables-for-html-slides">Variables for HTML slides</a>, above.) For DZSlides, the (relatively short) JavaScript and CSS are included in the file by default.</p>
<p>With all HTML slide formats, the <code>--self-contained</code> option can be used to produce a single file that contains all of the data necessary to display the slide show, including linked scripts, stylesheets, images, and videos.</p>
<p>To produce a PDF slide show using beamer, type</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t beamer habits.txt -o habits.pdf</code></pre>
<p>Note that a reveal.js slide show can also be converted to a PDF by printing it to a file from the browser.</p>
<p>To produce a PowerPoint slide show, type</p>
<pre><code>pandoc habits.txt -o habits.pptx</code></pre>
<h2 id="structuring-the-slide-show">Structuring the slide show</h2>
<p>By default, the <em>slide level</em> is the highest heading level in the hierarchy that is followed immediately by content, and not another heading, somewhere in the document. In the example above, level-1 headings are always followed by level-2 headings, which are followed by content, so the slide level is 2. This default can be overridden using the <code>--slide-level</code> option.</p>
<p>The document is carved up into slides according to the following rules:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A horizontal rule always starts a new slide.</p></li>
<li><p>A heading at the slide level always starts a new slide.</p></li>
<li><p>Headings <em>below</em> the slide level in the hierarchy create headings <em>within</em> a slide.  (In beamer, a “block” will be created.  If the heading has the class <code>example</code>, an <code>exampleblock</code> environment will be used; if it has the class <code>alert</code>, an <code>alertblock</code> will be used; otherwise a regular <code>block</code> will be used.)</p></li>
<li><p>Headings <em>above</em> the slide level in the hierarchy create “title slides,” which just contain the section title and help to break the slide show into sections. Non-slide content under these headings will be included on the title slide (for HTML slide shows) or in a subsequent slide with the same title (for beamer).</p></li>
<li><p>A title page is constructed automatically from the document’s title block, if present. (In the case of beamer, this can be disabled by commenting out some lines in the default template.)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>These rules are designed to support many different styles of slide show. If you don’t care about structuring your slides into sections and subsections, you can either just use level-1 headings for all slides (in that case, level 1 will be the slide level) or you can set <code>--slide-level=0</code>.</p>
<p>Note:  in reveal.js slide shows, if slide level is 2, a two-dimensional layout will be produced, with level-1 headings building horizontally and level-2 headings building vertically. It is not recommended that you use deeper nesting of section levels with reveal.js unless you set <code>--slide-level=0</code> (which lets reveal.js produce a one-dimensional layout and only interprets horizontal rules as slide boundaries).</p>
<h3 id="powerpoint-layout-choice">PowerPoint layout choice</h3>
<p>When creating slides, the pptx writer chooses from a number of pre-defined layouts, based on the content of the slide:</p>
<dl>
<dt>Title Slide</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for the initial slide, which is generated and
filled from the metadata fields <code>date</code>, <code>author</code>, and <code>title</code>, if they are present.
</dd>
<dt>Section Header</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for what pandoc calls “title slides”, i.e.
slides which start with a header which is above the slide level in the hierarchy.
</dd>
<dt>Two Content</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for two-column slides, i.e. slides containing a
div with class <code>columns</code> which contains at least two divs with class <code>column</code>.
</dd>
<dt>Comparison</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used instead of “Two Content” for any two-column
slides in which at least one column contains text followed by non-text (e.g. an image or a table).
</dd>
<dt>Content with Caption</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for any non-two-column slides which contain text
followed by non-text (e.g. an image or a table).
</dd>
<dt>Blank</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for any slides which only contain blank content,
e.g. a slide containing only speaker notes, or a slide containing only a non-breaking space.
</dd>
<dt>Title and Content</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for all slides which do not match the criteria
for another layout.
</dd>
</dl>
<p>These layouts are chosen from the default pptx reference doc included with pandoc, unless an alternative reference doc is specified using <code>--reference-doc</code>.</p>
<h2 id="incremental-lists">Incremental lists</h2>
<p>By default, these writers produce lists that display “all at once.” If you want your lists to display incrementally (one item at a time), use the <code>-i</code> option. If you want a particular list to depart from the default, put it in a <code>div</code> block with class <code>incremental</code> or <code>nonincremental</code>. So, for example, using the <code>fenced div</code> syntax, the following would be incremental regardless of the document default:</p>
<pre><code>::: incremental

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

:::</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>::: nonincremental

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

:::</code></pre>
<p>While using <code>incremental</code> and <code>nonincremental</code> divs is the recommended method of setting incremental lists on a per-case basis, an older method is also supported: putting lists inside a blockquote will depart from the document default (that is, it will display incrementally without the <code>-i</code> option and all at once with the <code>-i</code> option):</p>
<pre><code>&gt; - Eat spaghetti
&gt; - Drink wine</code></pre>
<p>Both methods allow incremental and nonincremental lists to be mixed in a single document.</p>
<p>If you want to include a block-quoted list, you can work around this behavior by putting the list inside a fenced div, so that it is not the direct child of the block quote:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; ::: wrapper
&gt; - a
&gt; - list in a quote
&gt; :::</code></pre>
<h2 id="inserting-pauses">Inserting pauses</h2>
<p>You can add “pauses” within a slide by including a paragraph containing three dots, separated by spaces:</p>
<pre><code># Slide with a pause

content before the pause

. . .

content after the pause</code></pre>
<p>Note: this feature is not yet implemented for PowerPoint output.</p>
<h2 id="styling-the-slides">Styling the slides</h2>
<p>You can change the style of HTML slides by putting customized CSS files in <code>$DATADIR/s5/default</code> (for S5), <code>$DATADIR/slidy</code> (for Slidy), or <code>$DATADIR/slideous</code> (for Slideous), where <code>$DATADIR</code> is the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>, above). The originals may be found in pandoc’s system data directory (generally <code>$CABALDIR/pandoc-VERSION/s5/default</code>). Pandoc will look there for any files it does not find in the user data directory.</p>
<p>For dzslides, the CSS is included in the HTML file itself, and may be modified there.</p>
<p>All <a href="https://revealjs.com/config/">reveal.js configuration options</a> can be set through variables. For example, themes can be used by setting the <code>theme</code> variable:</p>
<pre><code>-V theme=moon</code></pre>
<p>Or you can specify a custom stylesheet using the <code>--css</code> option.</p>
<p>To style beamer slides, you can specify a <code>theme</code>, <code>colortheme</code>, <code>fonttheme</code>, <code>innertheme</code>, and <code>outertheme</code>, using the <code>-V</code> option:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t beamer habits.txt -V theme:Warsaw -o habits.pdf</code></pre>
<p>Note that heading attributes will turn into slide attributes (on a <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;section&gt;</code>) in HTML slide formats, allowing you to style individual slides.  In beamer, a number of heading classes and attributes are recognized as frame options and will be passed through as options to the frame: see <a href="#frame-attributes-in-beamer">Frame attributes in beamer</a>, below.</p>
<h2 id="speaker-notes">Speaker notes</h2>
<p>Speaker notes are supported in reveal.js, PowerPoint (pptx), and beamer output. You can add notes to your Markdown document thus:</p>
<pre><code>::: notes

This is my note.

- It can contain Markdown
- like this list

:::</code></pre>
<p>To show the notes window in reveal.js, press <code>s</code> while viewing the presentation. Speaker notes in PowerPoint will be available, as usual, in handouts and presenter view.</p>
<p>Notes are not yet supported for other slide formats, but the notes will not appear on the slides themselves.</p>
<h3 id="speaker-notes-on-the-title-slide-powerpoint">Speaker notes on the title slide (PowerPoint)</h3>
<p>For PowerPoint output, the title slide is generated from the document’s YAML metadata block. To add speaker notes to this slide, use a <code>notes</code> field in the metadata:</p>
<pre><code>---
title: My Presentation
author: Jane Doe
notes: |
  Welcome everyone to this presentation.

  Remember to introduce yourself and mention the key topics.
---</code></pre>
<p>The <code>notes</code> field can contain multiple paragraphs and Markdown formatting.</p>
<h2 id="columns">Columns</h2>
<p>To put material in side by side columns, you can use a native div container with class <code>columns</code>, containing two or more div containers with class <code>column</code> and a <code>width</code> attribute:</p>
<pre><code>:::::::::::::: {.columns}
::: {.column width=&quot;40%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::: {.column width=&quot;60%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<p>Note: Specifying column widths does not currently work for PowerPoint.</p>
<h3 id="additional-columns-attributes-in-beamer">Additional columns attributes in beamer</h3>
<p>The div containers with classes <code>columns</code> and <code>column</code> can optionally have an <code>align</code> attribute. The class <code>columns</code> can optionally have a <code>totalwidth</code> attribute or an <code>onlytextwidth</code> class.</p>
<pre><code>:::::::::::::: {.columns align=center totalwidth=8em}
::: {.column width=&quot;40%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::: {.column width=&quot;60%&quot; align=bottom}
contents...
:::
::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<p>The <code>align</code> attributes on <code>columns</code> and <code>column</code> can be used with the values <code>top</code>, <code>top-baseline</code>, <code>center</code> and <code>bottom</code> to vertically align the columns. It defaults to <code>top</code> in <code>columns</code>.</p>
<p>The <code>totalwidth</code> attribute limits the width of the columns to the given value.</p>
<pre><code>:::::::::::::: {.columns align=top .onlytextwidth}
::: {.column width=&quot;40%&quot; align=center}
contents...
:::
::: {.column width=&quot;60%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<p>The class <code>onlytextwidth</code> sets the <code>totalwidth</code> to <code>\textwidth</code>.</p>
<p>See Section 12.7 of the <a href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/beamer/doc/beameruserguide.pdf">Beamer User’s Guide</a> for more details.</p>
<h2 id="frame-attributes-in-beamer">Frame attributes in beamer</h2>
<p>Sometimes it is necessary to add the LaTeX <code>[fragile]</code> option to a frame in beamer (for example, when using the <code>minted</code> environment). This can be forced by adding the <code>fragile</code> class to the heading introducing the slide:</p>
<pre><code># Fragile slide {.fragile}</code></pre>
<p>All of the other frame attributes described in Section 8.1 of the <a href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/beamer/doc/beameruserguide.pdf">Beamer User’s Guide</a> may also be used: <code>allowdisplaybreaks</code>, <code>allowframebreaks</code>, <code>b</code>, <code>c</code>, <code>s</code>, <code>t</code>, <code>environment</code>, <code>label</code>, <code>plain</code>, <code>shrink</code>, <code>standout</code>, <code>noframenumbering</code>, <code>squeeze</code>. <code>allowframebreaks</code> is recommended especially for bibliographies, as it allows multiple slides to be created if the content overfills the frame:</p>
<pre><code># References {.allowframebreaks}</code></pre>
<p>In addition, the <code>frameoptions</code> attribute may be used to pass arbitrary frame options to a beamer slide:</p>
<pre><code># Heading {frameoptions=&quot;squeeze,shrink,customoption=foobar&quot;}</code></pre>
<h2 id="background-in-reveal.js-beamer-and-pptx">Background in reveal.js, beamer, and pptx</h2>
<p>Background images can be added to self-contained reveal.js slide shows, beamer slide shows, and pptx slide shows.</p>
<h3 id="on-all-slides-beamer-reveal.js-pptx">On all slides (beamer, reveal.js, pptx)</h3>
<p>With beamer and reveal.js, the configuration option <code>background-image</code> can be used either in the YAML metadata block or as a command-line variable to get the same image on every slide.</p>
<p>Note that for reveal.js, the <code>background-image</code> will be used as a <code>parallaxBackgroundImage</code> (see below).</p>
<p>For pptx, you can use a <code>--reference-doc</code> in which background images have been set on the <a href="#powerpoint-layout-choice">relevant layouts</a>.</p>
<h4 id="parallaxbackgroundimage-reveal.js"><code>parallaxBackgroundImage</code> (reveal.js)</h4>
<p>For reveal.js, there is also the reveal.js-native option <code>parallaxBackgroundImage</code>, which produces a parallax scrolling background. You must also set <code>parallaxBackgroundSize</code>, and can optionally set <code>parallaxBackgroundHorizontal</code> and <code>parallaxBackgroundVertical</code> to configure the scrolling behaviour. See the <a href="https://revealjs.com/backgrounds/#parallax-background">reveal.js documentation</a> for more details about the meaning of these options.</p>
<p>In reveal.js’s overview mode, the parallaxBackgroundImage will show up only on the first slide.</p>
<h3 id="on-individual-slides-reveal.js-pptx">On individual slides (reveal.js, pptx)</h3>
<p>To set an image for a particular reveal.js or pptx slide, add <code>{background-image=&quot;/path/to/image&quot;}</code> to the first slide-level heading on the slide (which may even be empty).</p>
<p>As the <a href="#extension-link_attributes">HTML writers pass unknown attributes through</a>, other reveal.js background settings also work on individual slides, including <code>background-size</code>, <code>background-repeat</code>, <code>background-color</code>, <code>transition</code>, and <code>transition-speed</code>. (The <code>data-</code> prefix will automatically be added.)</p>
<p>Note: <code>data-background-image</code> is also supported in pptx for consistency with reveal.js – if <code>background-image</code> isn’t found, <code>data-background-image</code> will be checked.</p>
<h3 id="on-the-title-slide-reveal.js-pptx">On the title slide (reveal.js, pptx)</h3>
<p>To add a background image to the automatically generated title slide for reveal.js, use the <code>title-slide-attributes</code> variable in the YAML metadata block. It must contain a map of attribute names and values. (Note that the <code>data-</code> prefix is required here, as it isn’t added automatically.)</p>
<p>For pptx, pass a <code>--reference-doc</code> with the background image set on the “Title Slide” layout.</p>
<h3 id="example-reveal.js">Example (reveal.js)</h3>
<pre><code>---
title: My Slide Show
parallaxBackgroundImage: /path/to/my/background_image.png
title-slide-attributes:
    data-background-image: /path/to/title_image.png
    data-background-size: contain
---

## Slide One

Slide 1 has background_image.png as its background.

## {background-image=&quot;/path/to/special_image.jpg&quot;}

Slide 2 has a special image for its background, even though the heading has no content.</code></pre>
<h1 id="epubs">EPUBs</h1>
<h2 id="epub-metadata">EPUB Metadata</h2>
<p>There are two ways to specify metadata for an EPUB. The first is to use the <code>--epub-metadata</code> option, which takes as its argument an XML file with <a href="https://www.dublincore.org/specifications/dublin-core/dces/">Dublin Core elements</a>.</p>
<p>The second way is to use YAML, either in a [YAML metadata block][Extension: <code>yaml_metadata_block</code>] in a Markdown document, or in a separate YAML file specified with <code>--metadata-file</code>. Here is an example of a YAML metadata block with EPUB metadata:</p>
<pre><code>---
title:
- type: main
  text: My Book
- type: subtitle
  text: An investigation of metadata
creator:
- role: author
  text: John Smith
- role: editor
  text: Sarah Jones
identifier:
- scheme: DOI
  text: doi:10.234234.234/33
publisher:  My Press
rights: © 2007 John Smith, CC BY-NC
ibooks:
  version: 1.3.4
...</code></pre>
<p>The following fields are recognized:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>identifier</code></dt>
<dd>
Either a string value or an object with fields <code>text</code> and
<code>scheme</code>.  Valid values for <code>scheme</code> are <code>ISBN-10</code>, <code>GTIN-13</code>, <code>UPC</code>, <code>ISMN-10</code>, <code>DOI</code>, <code>LCCN</code>, <code>GTIN-14</code>, <code>ISBN-13</code>, <code>Legal deposit number</code>, <code>URN</code>, <code>OCLC number</code>, <code>Co-publisher’s ISBN-13</code>, <code>ISMN-13</code>, <code>ISBN-A</code>, <code>JP e-code</code>, <code>OLCC number</code>, <code>JP Magazine ID</code>, <code>UPC-12+5</code>, <code>BNF Control number</code>, <code>ISSN-13</code>, <code>ARK</code>, <code>Digital file internal version number</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>title</code></dt>
<dd>
Either a string value, or an object with fields <code>file-as</code> and
<code>type</code>, or a list of such objects.  Valid values for <code>type</code> are <code>main</code>, <code>subtitle</code>, <code>short</code>, <code>collection</code>, <code>edition</code>, <code>extended</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>creator</code></dt>
<dd>
Either a string value, or an object with fields <code>role</code>, <code>file-as</code>,
and <code>text</code>, or a list of such objects.  Valid values for <code>role</code> are [MARC relators], but pandoc will attempt to translate the human-readable versions (like “author” and “editor”) to the appropriate marc relators.
</dd>
<dt><code>contributor</code></dt>
<dd>
Same format as <code>creator</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>date</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value in <code>YYYY-MM-DD</code> format.  (Only the year is necessary.)
Pandoc will attempt to convert other common date formats.
</dd>
<dt><code>lang</code> (or legacy: <code>language</code>)</dt>
<dd>
A string value in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47">BCP 47</a> format.  Pandoc will default to the local
language if nothing is specified.
</dd>
<dt><code>subject</code></dt>
<dd>
Either a string value, or an object with fields <code>text</code>, <code>authority</code>,
and <code>term</code>, or a list of such objects. Valid values for <code>authority</code> are either a [reserved authority value] (currently <code>AAT</code>, <code>BIC</code>, <code>BISAC</code>, <code>CLC</code>, <code>DDC</code>, <code>CLIL</code>, <code>EuroVoc</code>, <code>MEDTOP</code>, <code>LCSH</code>, <code>NDC</code>, <code>Thema</code>, <code>UDC</code>, and <code>WGS</code>) or an absolute IRI identifying a custom scheme. Valid values for <code>term</code> are defined by the scheme.
</dd>
<dt><code>description</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>type</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>format</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>relation</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>coverage</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>rights</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>belongs-to-collection</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.  Identifies the name of a collection to which
the EPUB Publication belongs.
</dd>
<dt><code>group-position</code></dt>
<dd>
The <code>group-position</code> field indicates the numeric position in which
the EPUB Publication belongs relative to other works belonging to the same <code>belongs-to-collection</code> field.
</dd>
<dt><code>cover-image</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value (path to cover image).
</dd>
<dt><code>css</code> (or legacy: <code>stylesheet</code>)</dt>
<dd>
A string value (path to CSS stylesheet).
</dd>
<dt><code>page-progression-direction</code></dt>
<dd>
Either <code>ltr</code> or <code>rtl</code>. Specifies the <code>page-progression-direction</code>
attribute for the [<code>spine</code> element].
</dd>
<dt><code>accessModes</code></dt>
<dd>
An array of strings (<a href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).
Defaults to <code>[&quot;textual&quot;]</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>accessModeSufficient</code></dt>
<dd>
An array of strings (<a href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).
Defaults to <code>[&quot;textual&quot;]</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>accessibilityHazards</code></dt>
<dd>
An array of strings (<a href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).
Defaults to <code>[&quot;none&quot;]</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>accessibilityFeatures</code></dt>
<dd>
An array of strings (<a href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).
Defaults to
<pre><code>- &quot;alternativeText&quot;
- &quot;readingOrder&quot;
- &quot;structuralNavigation&quot;
- &quot;tableOfContents&quot;</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>accessibilitySummary</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>ibooks</code></dt>
<dd>
iBooks-specific metadata, with the following fields:
<ul>
<li><code>version</code>: (string)</li>
<li><code>specified-fonts</code>: <code>true</code>|<code>false</code> (default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>ipad-orientation-lock</code>: <code>portrait-only</code>|<code>landscape-only</code></li>
<li><code>iphone-orientation-lock</code>: <code>portrait-only</code>|<code>landscape-only</code></li>
<li><code>binding</code>: <code>true</code>|<code>false</code> (default <code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>scroll-axis</code>: <code>vertical</code>|<code>horizontal</code>|<code>default</code></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="the-epubtype-attribute">The <code>epub:type</code> attribute</h2>
<p>For <code>epub3</code> output, you can mark up the heading that corresponds to an EPUB chapter using the <a href="http://www.idpf.org/epub/31/spec/epub-contentdocs.html#sec-epub-type-attribute"><code>epub:type</code> attribute</a>. For example, to set the attribute to the value <code>prologue</code>, use this Markdown:</p>
<pre><code># My chapter {epub:type=prologue}</code></pre>
<p>Which will result in:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;body epub:type=&quot;frontmatter&quot;&gt;
  &lt;section epub:type=&quot;prologue&quot;&gt;
    &lt;h1&gt;My chapter&lt;/h1&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Pandoc will output <code>&lt;body epub:type=&quot;bodymatter&quot;&gt;</code>, unless you use one of the following values, in which case either <code>frontmatter</code> or <code>backmatter</code> will be output.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><code>epub:type</code> of first section</th><th><code>epub:type</code> of body</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>prologue</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>abstract</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>acknowledgments</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>copyright-page</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>dedication</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>credits</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>keywords</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>imprint</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>contributors</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>other-credits</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>errata</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>revision-history</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>titlepage</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>halftitlepage</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>seriespage</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>foreword</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>preface</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>frontispiece</td><td>frontmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>appendix</td><td>backmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>colophon</td><td>backmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>bibliography</td><td>backmatter</td></tr>
<tr><td>index</td><td>backmatter</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="linked-media">Linked media</h2>
<p>By default, pandoc will download media referenced from any <code>&lt;img&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;audio&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;video&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;source&gt;</code> element present in the generated EPUB, and include it in the EPUB container, yielding a completely self-contained EPUB.  If you want to link to external media resources instead, use raw HTML in your source and add <code>data-external=&quot;1&quot;</code> to the tag with the <code>src</code> attribute.  For example:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;audio controls=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  &lt;source src=&quot;https://example.com/music/toccata.mp3&quot;
          data-external=&quot;1&quot; type=&quot;audio/mpeg&quot;&gt;
  &lt;/source&gt;
&lt;/audio&gt;</code></pre>
<p>If the input format already is HTML then <code>data-external=&quot;1&quot;</code> will work as expected for <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> elements. Similarly, for Markdown, external images can be declared with <code>![img](url){external=1}</code>. Note that this only works for images; the other media elements have no native representation in pandoc’s AST and require the use of raw HTML.</p>
<h2 id="epub-styling">EPUB styling</h2>
<p>By default, pandoc will include some basic styling contained in its <code>epub.css</code> data file.  (To see this, use <code>pandoc --print-default-data-file epub.css</code>.) To use a different CSS file, just use the <code>--css</code> command line option.  A few inline styles are defined in addition; these are essential for correct formatting of pandoc’s HTML output.</p>
<p>The <code>document-css</code> variable may be set if the more opinionated styling of pandoc’s default HTML templates is desired (and in that case the variables defined in <a href="#variables-for-html">Variables for HTML</a> may be used to fine-tune the style).</p>
<h1 id="chunked-html">Chunked HTML</h1>
<p><code>pandoc -t chunkedhtml</code> will produce a zip archive of linked HTML files, one for each section of the original document. Internal links will automatically be adjusted to point to the right place, images linked to under the working directory will be incorporated, and navigation links will be added. In addition, a JSON file <code>sitemap.json</code> will be included describing the hierarchical structure of the files.</p>
<p>If an output file without an extension is specified, then it will be interpreted as a directory and the zip archive will be automatically unpacked into it (unless it already exists, in which case an error will be raised).  Otherwise a <code>.zip</code> file will be produced.</p>
<p>The navigation links can be customized by adjusting the template.  By default, a table of contents is included only on the top page. To include it on every page, set the <code>toc</code> variable manually.</p>
<h1 id="jupyter-notebooks">Jupyter notebooks</h1>
<p>When creating a <a href="https://nbformat.readthedocs.io/en/latest/">Jupyter notebook</a>, pandoc will try to infer the notebook structure.  Code blocks with the class <code>code</code> will be taken as code cells, and intervening content will be taken as Markdown cells.  Attachments will automatically be created for images in Markdown cells. Metadata will be taken from the <code>jupyter</code> metadata field.  For example:</p>
<pre><code>---
title: My notebook
jupyter:
  nbformat: 4
  nbformat_minor: 5
  kernelspec:
     display_name: Python 2
     language: python
     name: python2
  language_info:
     codemirror_mode:
       name: ipython
       version: 2
     file_extension: &quot;.py&quot;
     mimetype: &quot;text/x-python&quot;
     name: &quot;python&quot;
     nbconvert_exporter: &quot;python&quot;
     pygments_lexer: &quot;ipython2&quot;
     version: &quot;2.7.15&quot;
---

# Lorem ipsum

**Lorem ipsum** dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus
bibendum felis dictum sodales.

``` code
print(&quot;hello&quot;)
```

## Pyout

``` code
from IPython.display import HTML
HTML(&quot;&quot;&quot;
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
&quot;&quot;&quot;)
```

## Image

This image ![image](myimage.png) will be
included as a cell attachment.</code></pre>
<p>If you want to add cell attributes, group cells differently, or add output to code cells, then you need to include divs to indicate the structure. You can use either [fenced divs][Extension: <code>fenced_divs</code>] or [native divs][Extension: <code>native_divs</code>] for this.  Here is an example:</p>
<pre><code>:::::: {.cell .markdown}
# Lorem

**Lorem ipsum** dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus
bibendum felis dictum sodales.
::::::

:::::: {.cell .code execution_count=1}
``` {.python}
print(&quot;hello&quot;)
```

::: {.output .stream .stdout}
```
hello
```
:::
::::::

:::::: {.cell .code execution_count=2}
``` {.python}
from IPython.display import HTML
HTML(&quot;&quot;&quot;
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
&quot;&quot;&quot;)
```

::: {.output .execute_result execution_count=2}
```{=html}
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
hello
```
:::
::::::</code></pre>
<p>If you include raw HTML or TeX in an output cell, use the <a href="#extension-raw_attribute">raw attribute</a>, as shown in the last cell of the example above.  Although pandoc can process “bare” raw HTML and TeX, the result is often interspersed raw elements and normal textual elements, and in an output cell pandoc expects a single, connected raw block.  To avoid using raw HTML or TeX except when marked explicitly using raw attributes, we recommend specifying the extensions <code>-raw_html-raw_tex+raw_attribute</code> when translating between Markdown and ipynb notebooks.</p>
<p>Note that options and extensions that affect reading and writing of Markdown will also affect Markdown cells in ipynb notebooks.  For example, <code>--wrap=preserve</code> will preserve soft line breaks in Markdown cells; <code>--markdown-headings=setext</code> will cause Setext-style headings to be used; and <code>--preserve-tabs</code> will prevent tabs from being turned to spaces.</p>
<h1 id="vimdoc">Vimdoc</h1>
<p>Vimdoc writer generates Vim help files and makes use of the following metadata variables:</p>
<pre class="yaml"><code>abstract: &quot;A short description&quot;
author: Author
title: Title

# Vimdoc-specific
filename: &quot;definition-lists.txt&quot;
vimdoc-prefix: pandoc</code></pre>
<p>Complete header requires <code>abstract</code>, <code>author</code>, <code>title</code> and <code>filename</code> to be set. Compiling file with such metadata produces the following file (assumes <code>--standalone</code>, see <a href="#templates">Templates</a>):</p>
<pre class="vimdoc"><code>*definition-lists.txt*  A short description

                            Title by Author


                                 Type |gO| to see the table of contents.

[...]

 vim:tw=72:sw=4:ts=4:ft=help:norl:et:</code></pre>
<p>If <code>vimdoc-prefix</code> is set, all non-command tags are prefixed with its value, it is used to prevent tag collision: all headers have a tag (either inferred or explicit) and multiple help pages can have the same header names, therefore collision is to be expected. Let our input be the following markdown file:</p>
<pre class="markdown"><code>## Header

`:[range]Fnl {expr}`{#:Fnl}
:   Evaluates {expr} or range

`vim.b`{#vim.b}
:   Buffer-scoped (`:h b:`) variables for the current buffer. Invalid or unset
    key returns `nil`. Can be indexed with an integer to access variables for a
    specific buffer.

[Span]{#span}
:   generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not inherently
    represent anything.</code></pre>
<p>Convert it to vimdoc:</p>
<pre class="vimdoc"><code>------------------------------------------------------------------------
Header                                                            *header*

:[range]Fnl {expr}                                                  *:Fnl*
    Evaluates {expr} or range
`vim.b`                                                            *vim.b*
    Buffer-scoped (|b:|) variables for the current buffer. Invalid or
    unset key returns `nil`. Can be indexed with an integer to access
    variables for a specific buffer.
Span                                                                *span*
    generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not
    inherently represent anything.</code></pre>
<p>Convert it to vimdoc with metadata variable set (e.g. with <code>-M vimdoc-prefix=pandoc</code>)</p>
<pre class="vimdoc"><code>------------------------------------------------------------------------
Header                                                     *pandoc-header*

:[range]Fnl {expr}                                                  *:Fnl*
    Evaluates {expr} or range
`vim.b`                                                     *pandoc-vim.b*
    Buffer-scoped (|b:|) variables for the current buffer. Invalid or
    unset key returns `nil`. Can be indexed with an integer to access
    variables for a specific buffer.
Span                                                         *pandoc-span*
    generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not
    inherently represent anything.</code></pre>
<p><code>vim.b</code> and <code>Span</code> got their prefixes but not <code>:Fnl</code> because ex-commands (those starting with <code>:</code>) don’t get a prefix, since they are considered unique across help pages.</p>
<p>In both cases <code>:help b:</code> became reference <code>|b:|</code> (also works with <code>:h b:</code>). Links pointing to either <a href="https://vimhelp.org/" class="uri">https://vimhelp.org/</a> or <a href="https://neovim.io/doc/user" class="uri">https://neovim.io/doc/user</a> become references too.</p>
<p>Vim traditionally wraps at 78, but Pandoc defaults to 72. Use <code>--columns 78</code> to match Vim.</p>
<h1 id="syntax-highlighting">Syntax highlighting</h1>
<p>Pandoc will automatically highlight syntax in <a href="">fenced code blocks</a> that are marked with a language name.  The Haskell library <a href="https://github.com/jgm/skylighting">skylighting</a> is used for highlighting. Currently highlighting is supported only for HTML, EPUB, Docx, Ms, Man, Typst, and LaTeX/PDF output. To see a list of language names that pandoc will recognize, type <code>pandoc --list-highlight-languages</code>.</p>
<p>The color scheme can be selected using the <code>--syntax-highlighting</code> option. The default color scheme is <code>pygments</code>, which imitates the default color scheme used by the Python library pygments (though pygments is not actually used to do the highlighting). To see a list of highlight styles, type <code>pandoc --list-highlight-styles</code>.</p>
<p>If you are not satisfied with the predefined styles, you can use <code>--print-highlight-style</code> to generate a JSON <code>.theme</code> file which can be modified and used as the argument to <code>--syntax-highlighting</code>. To get a JSON version of the <code>pygments</code> style, for example:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -o my.theme --print-highlight-style pygments</code></pre>
<p>Then edit <code>my.theme</code> and use it like this:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --syntax-highlighting my.theme</code></pre>
<p>If you are not satisfied with the built-in highlighting, or you want to highlight a language that isn’t supported, you can use the <code>--syntax-definition</code> option to load a <a href="https://docs.kde.org/stable5/en/kate/katepart/highlight.html">KDE-style XML syntax definition file</a>. Before writing your own, have a look at KDE’s <a href="https://github.com/KDE/syntax-highlighting/tree/master/data/syntax">repository of syntax definitions</a>.</p>
<p>If you receive an error that pandoc “Could not read highlighting theme”, check that the JSON file is encoded with UTF-8 and has no Byte-Order Mark (BOM).</p>
<p>To disable highlighting, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=none</code>.</p>
<p>To use a format’s idiomatic syntax highlighting instead of pandoc’s built-in highlighting, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=idiomatic</code>. Currently, <code>idiomatic</code> only affects the following formats:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>In reveal.js, it causes reveal.js’s highlighting plugin to be used for source code highlighting.  The style may be customized by setting the <code>highlightjs-theme</code> variable.</p></li>
<li><p>In Typst, it causes Typst’s built-in highlighting to be used. (This is also the default for Typst.)</p></li>
<li><p>In LaTeX, it causes the <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/listings"><code>listings</code></a> package  to be used. Note that <code>listings</code> does not support multi-byte encoding for source code. To handle UTF-8 you would need to use a custom template. This issue is fully documented here: <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Source_Code_Listings#Encoding_issue">Encoding issue with the listings package</a>.</p></li>
<li><p>In other formats, <code>idiomatic</code> will have the same result as <code>default</code>.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 id="custom-styles">Custom Styles</h1>
<p>Custom styles can be used in the docx, odt and ICML formats.</p>
<h2 id="output">Output</h2>
<p>By default, pandoc’s odt, docx and ICML output applies a predefined set of styles for blocks such as paragraphs and block quotes, and uses largely default formatting (italics, bold) for inlines. This will work for most purposes, especially alongside a <a href="#option--reference-doc">reference doc</a> file. However, if you need to apply your own styles to blocks, or match a preexisting set of styles, pandoc allows you to define custom styles for blocks and text using <code>div</code>s and <code>span</code>s, respectively.</p>
<p>If you define a Div, Span, or Table with the attribute <code>custom-style</code>, pandoc will apply your specified style to the contained elements (with the exception of elements whose function depends on a style, like headings, code blocks, block quotes, or links). So, for example, using the <code>bracketed_spans</code> syntax,</p>
<pre><code>[Get out]{custom-style=&quot;Emphatically&quot;}, he said.</code></pre>
<p>would produce a file with “Get out” styled with character style <code>Emphatically</code>. Similarly, using the <code>fenced_divs</code> syntax,</p>
<pre><code>Dickinson starts the poem simply:

::: {custom-style=&quot;Poetry&quot;}
| A Bird came down the Walk---
| He did not know I saw---
:::</code></pre>
<p>would style the two contained lines with the <code>Poetry</code> paragraph style.</p>
<p>Styles will be defined in the output file as inheriting from normal text (docx) or Default Paragraph Style (odt), if the styles are not yet in your <a href="#option--reference-doc">reference doc</a>. If they are already defined, pandoc will not alter the definition.</p>
<p>This feature allows for greatest customization in conjunction with <a href="https://pandoc.org/filters.html">pandoc filters</a>. If you want all paragraphs after block quotes to be indented, you can write a filter to apply the styles necessary. If you want all italics to be transformed to the <code>Emphasis</code> character style (perhaps to change their color), you can write a filter which will transform all italicized inlines to inlines within an <code>Emphasis</code> custom-style <code>span</code>.</p>
<p>For docx or odt output, you don’t need to enable any extensions for custom styles to work.</p>
<p>For icml output, you can also set an <code>object-style</code> in images:</p>
<pre><code>![Image with object style](myImage.jpg){object-style=&quot;fixedSizeImage&quot;}</code></pre>
<p>In InDesign you’ll see that object style given to the image, and you’ll be able to customize it, or load its definition from a template of yours.</p>
<h2 id="input">Input</h2>
<p>The docx reader, by default, only reads those styles that it can convert into pandoc elements, either by direct conversion or interpreting the derivation of the input document’s styles.</p>
<p>By enabling the <a href="#ext-styles"><code>styles</code> extension</a> in the docx reader (<code>-f docx+styles</code>), you can produce output that maintains the styles of the input document, using the <code>custom-style</code> class. A <code>custom-style</code> attribute will be added for each style. Divs will be created to hold the paragraph styles, and Spans to hold the character styles. Table styles will be applied directly to the Table.</p>
<p>For example, using the <code>custom-style-reference.docx</code> file in the test directory, we have the following different outputs:</p>
<p>Without the <code>+styles</code> extension:</p>
<pre><code>$ pandoc test/docx/custom-style-reference.docx -f docx -t markdown
This is some text.

This is text with an *emphasized* text style. And this is text with a
**strengthened** text style.

&gt; Here is a styled paragraph that inherits from Block Text.</code></pre>
<p>And with the extension:</p>
<pre><code>$ pandoc test/docx/custom-style-reference.docx -f docx+styles -t markdown

::: {custom-style=&quot;First Paragraph&quot;}
This is some text.
:::

::: {custom-style=&quot;Body Text&quot;}
This is text with an [emphasized]{custom-style=&quot;Emphatic&quot;} text style.
And this is text with a [strengthened]{custom-style=&quot;Strengthened&quot;}
text style.
:::

::: {custom-style=&quot;My Block Style&quot;}
&gt; Here is a styled paragraph that inherits from Block Text.
:::</code></pre>
<p>With these custom styles, you can use your input document as a reference-doc while creating docx output (see below), and maintain the same styles in your input and output files.</p>
<h1 id="custom-readers-and-writers">Custom readers and writers</h1>
<p>Pandoc can be extended with custom readers and writers written in <a href="https://www.lua.org">Lua</a>.  (Pandoc includes a Lua interpreter, so Lua need not be installed separately.)</p>
<p>To use a custom reader or writer, simply specify the path to the Lua script in place of the input or output format. For example:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t data/sample.lua
pandoc -f my_custom_markup_language.lua -t latex -s</code></pre>
<p>If the script is not found relative to the working directory, it will be sought in the <code>custom</code> subdirectory of the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>).</p>
<p>A custom reader is a Lua script that defines one function, Reader, which takes a string as input and returns a Pandoc AST.  See the <a href="https://pandoc.org/lua-filters.html">Lua filters documentation</a> for documentation of the functions that are available for creating pandoc AST elements.  For parsing, the <a href="http://www.inf.puc-rio.br/~roberto/lpeg/">lpeg</a> parsing library is available by default. To see a sample custom reader:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --print-default-data-file creole.lua</code></pre>
<p>If you want your custom reader to have access to reader options (e.g. the tab stop setting), you give your Reader function a second <code>options</code> parameter.</p>
<p>A custom writer is a Lua script that defines a function that specifies how to render each element in a Pandoc AST. See the <a href="https://github.com/jgm/djot.lua/blob/main/djot-writer.lua">djot-writer.lua</a> for a full-featured example.</p>
<p>Note that custom writers have no default template.  If you want to use <code>--standalone</code> with a custom writer, you will need to specify a template manually using <code>--template</code> or add a new default template with the name <code>default.NAME_OF_CUSTOM_WRITER.lua</code> to the <code>templates</code> subdirectory of your user data directory (see <a href="#templates">Templates</a>).</p>
<h1 id="reproducible-builds">Reproducible builds</h1>
<p>Some of the document formats pandoc targets (such as EPUB, docx, and ODT) include build timestamps in the generated document. That means that the files generated on successive builds will differ, even if the source does not.  To avoid this, set the <code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code> environment variable, and the timestamp will be taken from it instead of the current time. <code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code> should contain an integer unix timestamp (specifying the number of seconds since midnight UTC January 1, 1970).</p>
<p>For reproducible builds with LaTeX, you can either specify the <code>pdf-trailer-id</code> in the metadata or leave it undefined, in which case pandoc will create a trailer-id based on a hash of the <code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code> and the document’s contents.</p>
<p>Some document formats also include a unique identifier.  For EPUB, this can be set explicitly by setting the <code>identifier</code> metadata field (see <a href="#epub-metadata">EPUB Metadata</a>, above).</p>
<h1 id="accessible-pdfs-and-pdf-archiving-standards">Accessible PDFs and PDF archiving standards</h1>
<p>PDF is a flexible format, and using PDF in certain contexts requires additional conventions. For example, PDFs are not accessible by default; they define how characters are placed on a page but do not contain semantic information on the content. However, it is possible to generate accessible PDFs, which use tagging to add semantic information to the document.</p>
<p>Pandoc defaults to LaTeX to generate PDF. LaTeX’s <code>\DocumentMetadata</code> interface supports PDF standards and tagging when using LuaLaTeX; set the <code>pdfstandard</code> variable to enable this (see below). For older LaTeX installations, alternative engines must be used.</p>
<p>The PDF standards PDF/A and PDF/UA define further restrictions intended to optimize PDFs for archiving and accessibility. Tagging is commonly used in combination with these standards to ensure best results.</p>
<p>Note, however, that standard compliance depends on many things, including the colorspace of embedded images. Pandoc cannot check this, and external programs must be used to ensure that generated PDFs are in compliance.</p>
<h2 id="latex">LaTeX</h2>
<p>Set the <code>pdfstandard</code> variable to produce tagged PDFs conforming to PDF/A, PDF/X, or PDF/UA standards. For example:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -V pdfstandard=ua-2 --pdf-engine=lualatex doc.md -o doc.pdf</code></pre>
<p>Multiple standards can be combined:</p>
<pre><code>---
pdfstandard:
  - ua-2
  - a-4f
---</code></pre>
<p>The required PDF version is inferred automatically. This feature requires LuaLaTeX in TeX Live 2025 with LaTeX kernel 2025-06-01 or newer.</p>
<h2 id="context">ConTeXt</h2>
<p>ConTeXt always produces tagged PDFs, but the quality depends on the input. The default ConTeXt markup generated by pandoc is optimized for readability and reuse, not tagging. Enable the <a href="#extension--tagging"><code>tagging</code></a> format extension to force markup that is optimized for tagging. For example:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t context+tagging doc.md -o doc.pdf</code></pre>
<p>A recent <code>context</code> version should be used, as older versions contained a bug that lead to invalid PDF metadata.</p>
<h2 id="weasyprint">WeasyPrint</h2>
<p>The HTML-based engine WeasyPrint includes experimental support for PDF/A and PDF/UA since version 57. Tagged PDFs can created with</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --pdf-engine=weasyprint \
       --pdf-engine-opt=--pdf-variant=pdf/ua-1 ...</code></pre>
<p>The feature is experimental and standard compliance should not be assumed.</p>
<h2 id="prince-xml">Prince XML</h2>
<p>The non-free HTML-to-PDF converter <code>prince</code> has extensive support for various PDF standards as well as tagging. E.g.:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --pdf-engine=prince \
       --pdf-engine-opt=--tagged-pdf ...</code></pre>
<p>See the prince documentation for more info.</p>
<h2 id="typst">Typst</h2>
<p>Typst 0.12 can produce PDF/A-2b:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --pdf-engine=typst --pdf-engine-opt=--pdf-standard=a-2b ...</code></pre>
<h2 id="word-processors">Word Processors</h2>
<p>Word processors like LibreOffice and MS Word can also be used to generate standardized and tagged PDF output. Pandoc does not support direct conversions via these tools. However, pandoc can convert a document to a <code>docx</code> or <code>odt</code> file, which can then be opened and converted to PDF with the respective word processor. See the documentation for <a href="https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/create-accessible-pdfs-064625e0-56ea-4e16-ad71-3aa33bb4b7ed">Word</a> and <a href="https://help.libreoffice.org/latest/en-US/text/shared/01/ref_pdf_export_general.html">LibreOffice</a>.</p>
<h1 id="running-pandoc-as-a-web-server">Running pandoc as a web server</h1>
<p>If you rename (or symlink) the pandoc executable to <code>pandoc-server</code>, or if you call pandoc with <code>server</code> as the first argument, it will start up a web server with a JSON API. This server exposes most of the conversion functionality of pandoc. For full documentation, see the <a href="https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/blob/master/doc/pandoc-server.md">pandoc-server</a> man page.</p>
<p>If you rename (or symlink) the pandoc executable to <code>pandoc-server.cgi</code>, it will function as a CGI program exposing the same API as <code>pandoc-server</code>.</p>
<p><code>pandoc-server</code> is designed to be maximally secure; it uses Haskell’s type system to provide strong guarantees that no I/O will be performed on the server during pandoc conversions.</p>
<h1 id="running-pandoc-as-a-lua-interpreter">Running pandoc as a Lua interpreter</h1>
<p>Calling the pandoc executable under the name <code>pandoc-lua</code> or with <code>lua</code> as the first argument will make it function as a standalone Lua interpreter. The behavior is mostly identical to that of the <a href="https://www.lua.org/manual/5.4/manual.html#7">standalone <code>lua</code> executable</a>, version 5.4. All <code>pandoc.*</code> packages, as well as the packages <code>re</code> and <code>lpeg</code>, are available via global variables. Furthermore, the globals <code>PANDOC_VERSION</code>, <code>PANDOC_STATE</code>, and <code>PANDOC_API_VERSION</code> are set at startup. For full documentation, see the <a href="https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/blob/master/doc/pandoc-lua.md">pandoc-lua</a> man page.</p>
<h1 id="a-note-on-security">A note on security</h1>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Although pandoc itself will not create or modify any files other than those you explicitly ask it create (with the exception of temporary files used in producing PDFs), a filter or custom writer could in principle do anything on your file system. Please audit filters and custom writers very carefully before using them.</p></li>
<li><p>Several input formats (including LaTeX, Org, RST, and Typst) support <code>include</code> directives that allow the contents of a file to be included in the output. An untrusted attacker could use these to view the contents of files on the file system. (Using the <code>--sandbox</code> option can protect against this threat.)</p></li>
<li><p>Several output formats (including RTF, FB2, HTML with <code>--self-contained</code>, EPUB, Docx, and ODT) will embed encoded or raw images into the output file.  An untrusted attacker could exploit this to view the contents of non-image files on the file system.  (Using the <code>--sandbox</code> option can protect against this threat, but will also prevent including images in these formats.)</p></li>
<li><p>In reading HTML files, pandoc will attempt to include the contents of <code>iframe</code> elements by fetching content from the local file or URL specified by <code>src</code>. If untrusted HTML is processed on a server, this has the potential to reveal anything readable by the process running the server. Using the <code>-f html+raw_html</code> will mitigate this threat by causing the whole <code>iframe</code> to be parsed as a raw HTML block. Using <code>--sandbox</code> will also protect against the threat.</p></li>
<li><p>If your application uses pandoc as a Haskell library (rather than shelling out to the executable), it is possible to use it in a mode that fully isolates pandoc from your file system, by running the pandoc operations in the <code>PandocPure</code> monad. See the document <a href="https://pandoc.org/using-the-pandoc-api.html">Using the pandoc API</a> for more details. (This corresponds to the use of the <code>--sandbox</code> option on the command line.)</p></li>
<li><p>Pandoc’s parsers can exhibit pathological performance on some corner cases.  It is wise to put any pandoc operations under a timeout, to avoid DOS attacks that exploit these issues. If you are using the pandoc executable, you can add the command line options <code>+RTS -M512M -RTS</code> (for example) to limit the heap size to 512MB.  Note that the <code>commonmark</code> parser (including <code>commonmark_x</code> and <code>gfm</code>) is much less vulnerable to pathological performance than the <code>markdown</code> parser, so it is a better choice when processing untrusted input.</p></li>
<li><p>The HTML generated by pandoc is not guaranteed to be safe. If <code>raw_html</code> is enabled for the Markdown input, users can inject arbitrary HTML.  Even if <code>raw_html</code> is disabled, users can include dangerous content in URLs and attributes. To be safe, you should run all HTML generated from untrusted user input through an HTML sanitizer.</p></li>
</ol>
<h1 id="authors">Authors</h1>
<p>Copyright 2006–2024 John MacFarlane (jgm@berkeley.edu). Released under the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" title="GNU General Public License">GPL</a>, version 2 or greater.  This software carries no warranty of any kind.  (See COPYRIGHT for full copyright and warranty notices.) For a full list of contributors, see the file AUTHORS.md in the pandoc source code.</p>
<div class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>The point of this rule is to ensure that normal paragraphs starting with people’s initials, like</p>
<pre><code>B. Russell won a Nobel Prize (but not for &quot;On Denoting&quot;).</code></pre>
<p>do not get treated as list items.</p>
<p>This rule will not prevent</p>
<pre><code>(C) 2007 Joe Smith</code></pre>
<p>from being interpreted as a list item.  In this case, a backslash escape can be used:</p>
<pre><code>(C\) 2007 Joe Smith</code></pre><a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn2"><p>I have been influenced by the suggestions of <a href="https://justatheory.com/2009/02/modest-markdown-proposal/">David Wheeler</a>.<a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn3"><p>This scheme is due to Michel Fortin, who proposed it on the <a href="http://six.pairlist.net/pipermail/markdown-discuss/2005-March/001097.html">Markdown discussion list</a>.<a href="#fnref3" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn4"><p>Note that if <code>--file-scope</code> is used, a div written this way will be given an identifier of the form <code>FILE__refs</code>, to avoid duplicate identifiers (see <code>--file-scope</code>). In view of this possibility, pandoc will place the bibliography in any div whose identifier is <code>refs</code> <em>or</em> ends with <code>__refs</code>.<a href="#fnref4" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="synopsis">Synopsis</h1>
<p><code>pandoc</code> [<em>options</em>] [<em>input-file</em>]…</p>
<h1 id="description">Description</h1>
<p>Pandoc is a <a href="https://www.haskell.org">Haskell</a> library for
converting from one markup format to another, and a command-line tool
that uses this library.</p>
<p>Pandoc can convert between numerous markup and word processing
formats, including, but not limited to, various flavors of <a
href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Markdown</a>, <a
href="https://www.w3.org/html/">HTML</a>, <a
href="https://www.latex-project.org/">LaTeX</a> and <a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_Open_XML">Word docx</a>. For
the full lists of input and output formats, see the <code>--from</code>
and <code>--to</code> <a href="#general-options">options below</a>.
Pandoc can also produce <a href="https://www.adobe.com/pdf/">PDF</a>
output: see <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a PDF</a>, below.</p>
<p>Pandoc’s enhanced version of Markdown includes syntax for <a
href="#tables">tables</a>, <a href="#definition-lists">definition
lists</a>, <a href="#metadata-blocks">metadata blocks</a>, <a
href="#footnotes">footnotes</a>, <a href="#citations">citations</a>, <a
href="#math">math</a>, and much more. See below under <a
href="#pandocs-markdown">Pandoc’s Markdown</a>.</p>
<p>Pandoc has a modular design: it consists of a set of readers, which
parse text in a given format and produce a native representation of the
document (an <em>abstract syntax tree</em> or AST), and a set of
writers, which convert this native representation into a target format.
Thus, adding an input or output format requires only adding a reader or
writer. Users can also run custom <a
href="https://pandoc.org/filters.html">pandoc filters</a> to modify the
intermediate AST.</p>
<p>Because pandoc’s intermediate representation of a document is less
expressive than many of the formats it converts between, one should not
expect perfect conversions between every format and every other. Pandoc
attempts to preserve the structural elements of a document, but not
formatting details such as margin size. And some document elements, such
as complex tables, may not fit into pandoc’s simple document model.
While conversions from pandoc’s Markdown to all formats aspire to be
perfect, conversions from formats more expressive than pandoc’s Markdown
can be expected to be lossy.</p>
<h2 id="using-pandoc">Using pandoc</h2>
<p>If no <em>input-files</em> are specified, input is read from
<em>stdin</em>. Output goes to <em>stdout</em> by default. For output to
a file, use the <code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> option:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -o output.html input.txt</code></pre>
<p>By default, pandoc produces a document fragment. To produce a
standalone document (e.g. a valid HTML file including
<code>&lt;head&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;body&gt;</code>), use the
<code>-s</code> or <code>--standalone</code> flag:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -s -o output.html input.txt</code></pre>
<p>For more information on how standalone documents are produced, see <a
href="#templates">Templates</a> below.</p>
<p>If multiple input files are given, pandoc will concatenate them all
(with blank lines between them) before parsing. (Use
<code>--file-scope</code> to parse files individually.)</p>
<h2 id="specifying-formats">Specifying formats</h2>
<p>The format of the input and output can be specified explicitly using
command-line options. The input format can be specified using the
<code>-f/--from</code> option, the output format using the
<code>-t/--to</code> option. Thus, to convert <code>hello.txt</code>
from Markdown to LaTeX, you could type:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f markdown -t latex hello.txt</code></pre>
<p>To convert <code>hello.html</code> from HTML to Markdown:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f html -t markdown hello.html</code></pre>
<p>Supported input and output formats are listed below under <a
href="#options">Options</a> (see <code>-f</code> for input formats and
<code>-t</code> for output formats). You can also use
<code>pandoc --list-input-formats</code> and
<code>pandoc --list-output-formats</code> to print lists of supported
formats.</p>
<p>If the input or output format is not specified explicitly, pandoc
will attempt to guess it from the extensions of the filenames. Thus, for
example,</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -o hello.tex hello.txt</code></pre>
<p>will convert <code>hello.txt</code> from Markdown to LaTeX. If no
output file is specified (so that output goes to <em>stdout</em>), or if
the output file’s extension is unknown, the output format will default
to HTML. If no input file is specified (so that input comes from
<em>stdin</em>), or if the input files’ extensions are unknown, the
input format will be assumed to be Markdown.</p>
<h2 id="character-encoding">Character encoding</h2>
<p>Pandoc uses the UTF-8 character encoding for both input and output.
If your local character encoding is not UTF-8, you should pipe input and
output through <a
href="https://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"><code>iconv</code></a>:</p>
<pre><code>iconv -t utf-8 input.txt | pandoc | iconv -f utf-8</code></pre>
<p>Note that in some output formats (such as HTML, LaTeX, ConTeXt, RTF,
OPML, DocBook, and Texinfo), information about the character encoding is
included in the document header, which will only be included if you use
the <code>-s/--standalone</code> option.</p>
<h2 id="creating-a-pdf">Creating a PDF</h2>
<p>To produce a PDF, specify an output file with a <code>.pdf</code>
extension:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc test.txt -o test.pdf</code></pre>
<p>By default, pandoc will use LaTeX to create the PDF, which requires
that a LaTeX engine be installed (see <code>--pdf-engine</code> below).
Alternatively, pandoc can use ConTeXt, roff ms, or HTML as an
intermediate format. To do this, specify an output file with a
<code>.pdf</code> extension, as before, but add the
<code>--pdf-engine</code> option or <code>-t context</code>,
<code>-t html</code>, or <code>-t ms</code> to the command line. The
tool used to generate the PDF from the intermediate format may be
specified using <code>--pdf-engine</code>.</p>
<p>You can control the PDF style using variables, depending on the
intermediate format used: see <a href="#variables-for-latex">variables
for LaTeX</a>, <a href="#variables-for-context">variables for
ConTeXt</a>, <a href="#variables-for-wkhtmltopdf">variables for
<code>wkhtmltopdf</code></a>, <a href="#variables-for-ms">variables for
ms</a>. When HTML is used as an intermediate format, the output can be
styled using <code>--css</code>.</p>
<p>To debug the PDF creation, it can be useful to look at the
intermediate representation: instead of <code>-o test.pdf</code>, use
for example <code>-s -o test.tex</code> to output the generated LaTeX.
You can then test it with <code>pdflatex test.tex</code>.</p>
<p>When using LaTeX, the following packages need to be available (they
are included with all recent versions of <a
href="https://www.tug.org/texlive/">TeX Live</a>): <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/amsfonts"><code>amsfonts</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/amsmath"><code>amsmath</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/lm"><code>lm</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/unicode-math"><code>unicode-math</code></a>,
<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/iftex"><code>iftex</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/listings"><code>listings</code></a> (if the
<code>--listings</code> option is used), <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fancyvrb"><code>fancyvrb</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/longtable"><code>longtable</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/booktabs"><code>booktabs</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/multirow"><code>multirow</code></a> (if the
document contains a table with cells that cross multiple rows), <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/graphicx"><code>graphicx</code></a> (if the
document contains images), <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bookmark"><code>bookmark</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xcolor"><code>xcolor</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/soul"><code>soul</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/geometry"><code>geometry</code></a> (with the
<code>geometry</code> variable set), <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/setspace"><code>setspace</code></a> (with
<code>linestretch</code>), and <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/babel"><code>babel</code></a> (with
<code>lang</code>). If <code>CJKmainfont</code> is set, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xecjk"><code>xeCJK</code></a> is needed if
<code>xelatex</code> is used, else <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/luatexja"><code>luatexja</code></a> is needed
if <code>lualatex</code> is used. <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/framed"><code>framed</code></a> is required
if code is highlighted in a scheme that use a colored background. The
use of <code>xelatex</code> or <code>lualatex</code> as the PDF engine
requires <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fontspec"><code>fontspec</code></a>.
<code>lualatex</code> uses <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/selnolig"><code>selnolig</code></a> and <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/lua-ul"><code>lua-ul</code></a>.
<code>xelatex</code> uses <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bidi"><code>bidi</code></a> (with the
<code>dir</code> variable set). If the <code>mathspec</code> variable is
set, <code>xelatex</code> will use <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/mathspec"><code>mathspec</code></a> instead
of <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/unicode-math"><code>unicode-math</code></a>.
The <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/csquotes"><code>csquotes</code></a>
package will be used for <a href="#typography">typography</a> if the
<code>csquotes</code> variable or metadata field is set to a true value.
The <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/natbib"><code>natbib</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex"><code>biblatex</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bibtex"><code>bibtex</code></a>, and <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biber"><code>biber</code></a> packages can
optionally be used for <a href="#citation-rendering">citation
rendering</a>. If math with <code>\cancel</code>, <code>\bcancel</code>,
or <code>\xcancel</code> is used, the <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/cancel"><code>cancel</code></a> package is
needed. The following packages will be used to improve output quality if
present, but pandoc does not require them to be present: <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/upquote"><code>upquote</code></a> (for
straight quotes in verbatim environments), <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/microtype"><code>microtype</code></a> (for
better spacing adjustments), <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/parskip"><code>parskip</code></a> (for better
inter-paragraph spaces), <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xurl"><code>xurl</code></a> (for better line
breaks in URLs), and <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/footnotehyper"><code>footnotehyper</code></a>
or <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/footnote"><code>footnote</code></a> (to
allow footnotes in tables).</p>
<h2 id="reading-from-the-web">Reading from the Web</h2>
<p>Instead of an input file, an absolute URI may be given. In this case
pandoc will fetch the content using HTTP:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f html -t markdown https://www.fsf.org</code></pre>
<p>It is possible to supply a custom User-Agent string or other header
when requesting a document from a URL:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f html -t markdown --request-header User-Agent:&quot;Mozilla/5.0&quot; \
  https://www.fsf.org</code></pre>
<h1 id="options">Options</h1>
<h2 class="options" id="general-options">General options</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>-f</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>-r</code> <em>FORMAT</em>,
<code>--from=</code><em>FORMAT</em>,
<code>--read=</code><em>FORMAT</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify input format. <em>FORMAT</em> can be:</p>
<div id="input-formats">
<ul>
<li><code>asciidoc</code> (<a href="https://asciidoc.org/">AsciiDoc</a>
markup)</li>
<li><code>bibtex</code> (<a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bibtex">BibTeX</a> bibliography)</li>
<li><code>biblatex</code> (<a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex">BibLaTeX</a> bibliography)</li>
<li><code>bits</code> (<a
href="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/extensions/bits/">BITS</a> XML, alias for
<code>jats</code>)</li>
<li><code>commonmark</code> (<a
href="https://commonmark.org">CommonMark</a> Markdown)</li>
<li><code>commonmark_x</code> (<a
href="https://commonmark.org">CommonMark</a> Markdown with
extensions)</li>
<li><code>creole</code> (<a
href="http://www.wikicreole.org/wiki/Creole1.0">Creole 1.0</a>)</li>
<li><code>csljson</code> (<a
href="https://citeproc-js.readthedocs.io/en/latest/csl-json/markup.html">CSL
JSON</a> bibliography)</li>
<li><code>csv</code> (<a
href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4180">CSV</a> table)</li>
<li><code>tsv</code> (<a
href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/text/tab-separated-values">TSV</a>
table)</li>
<li><code>djot</code> (<a href="https://djot.net">Djot markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>docbook</code> (<a
href="https://docbook.org">DocBook</a>)</li>
<li><code>docx</code> (<a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_Open_XML">Word docx</a>)</li>
<li><code>dokuwiki</code> (<a
href="https://www.dokuwiki.org/dokuwiki">DokuWiki markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>endnotexml</code> (<a
href="https://support.clarivate.com/Endnote/s/article/EndNote-XML-Document-Type-Definition">EndNote
XML bibliography</a>)</li>
<li><code>epub</code> (<a href="http://idpf.org/epub">EPUB</a>)</li>
<li><code>fb2</code> (<a
href="http://www.fictionbook.org/index.php/Eng:XML_Schema_Fictionbook_2.1">FictionBook2</a>
e-book)</li>
<li><code>gfm</code> (<a
href="https://help.github.com/articles/github-flavored-markdown/">GitHub-Flavored
Markdown</a>), or the deprecated and less accurate
<code>markdown_github</code>; use <a
href="#markdown-variants"><code>markdown_github</code></a> only if you
need extensions not supported in <a
href="#markdown-variants"><code>gfm</code></a>.</li>
<li><code>haddock</code> (<a
href="https://www.haskell.org/haddock/doc/html/ch03s08.html">Haddock
markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>html</code> (<a href="https://www.w3.org/html/">HTML</a>)</li>
<li><code>ipynb</code> (<a
href="https://nbformat.readthedocs.io/en/latest/">Jupyter
notebook</a>)</li>
<li><code>jats</code> (<a href="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov">JATS</a>
XML)</li>
<li><code>jira</code> (<a
href="https://jira.atlassian.com/secure/WikiRendererHelpAction.jspa?section=all">Jira</a>/Confluence
wiki markup)</li>
<li><code>json</code> (JSON version of native AST)</li>
<li><code>latex</code> (<a
href="https://www.latex-project.org/">LaTeX</a>)</li>
<li><code>markdown</code> (<a href="#pandocs-markdown">Pandoc’s
Markdown</a>)</li>
<li><code>markdown_mmd</code> (<a
href="https://fletcherpenney.net/multimarkdown/">MultiMarkdown</a>)</li>
<li><code>markdown_phpextra</code> (<a
href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown
Extra</a>)</li>
<li><code>markdown_strict</code> (original unextended <a
href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Markdown</a>)</li>
<li><code>mediawiki</code> (<a
href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting">MediaWiki
markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>man</code> (<a href="https://man.cx/groff_man(7)">roff
man</a>)</li>
<li><code>mdoc</code> (<a
href="https://mandoc.bsd.lv/man/mdoc.7.html">mdoc</a> manual page
markup)</li>
<li><code>muse</code> (<a
href="https://amusewiki.org/library/manual">Muse</a>)</li>
<li><code>native</code> (native Haskell)</li>
<li><code>odt</code> (<a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument">OpenDocument text
document</a>)</li>
<li><code>opml</code> (<a
href="https://opml.org/spec2.opml">OPML</a>)</li>
<li><code>org</code> (<a href="https://orgmode.org">Emacs Org
mode</a>)</li>
<li><code>pod</code> (Perl’s <a
href="https://perldoc.perl.org/perlpod">Plain Old
Documentation</a>)</li>
<li><code>pptx</code> (<a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint">PowerPoint</a>)</li>
<li><code>ris</code> (<a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RIS_(file_format)">RIS</a>
bibliography)</li>
<li><code>rtf</code> (<a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format">Rich Text
Format</a>)</li>
<li><code>rst</code> (<a
href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/introduction.html">reStructuredText</a>)</li>
<li><code>t2t</code> (<a href="https://txt2tags.org">txt2tags</a>)</li>
<li><code>textile</code> (<a
href="https://textile-lang.com">Textile</a>)</li>
<li><code>tikiwiki</code> (<a
href="https://doc.tiki.org/Wiki-Syntax-Text#The_Markup_Language_Wiki-Syntax">TikiWiki
markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>twiki</code> (<a
href="https://twiki.org/cgi-bin/view/TWiki/TextFormattingRules">TWiki
markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>typst</code> (<a href="https://typst.app">typst</a>)</li>
<li><code>vimwiki</code> (<a
href="https://vimwiki.github.io">Vimwiki</a>)</li>
<li><code>xlsx</code> (<a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel#File_formats">Excel
spreadsheet</a>)</li>
<li><code>xml</code> (XML version of native AST)</li>
<li>the path of a custom Lua reader, see <a
href="#custom-readers-and-writers">Custom readers and writers</a>
below</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>Extensions can be individually enabled or disabled by appending
<code>+EXTENSION</code> or <code>-EXTENSION</code> to the format name.
See <a href="#extensions">Extensions</a> below, for a list of extensions
and their names. See <code>--list-input-formats</code> and
<code>--list-extensions</code>, below.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-t</code> <em>FORMAT</em>, <code>-w</code> <em>FORMAT</em>,
<code>--to=</code><em>FORMAT</em>,
<code>--write=</code><em>FORMAT</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify output format. <em>FORMAT</em> can be:</p>
<div id="output-formats">
<ul>
<li><code>ansi</code> (text with <a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code">ANSI escape
codes</a>, for terminal viewing)</li>
<li><code>asciidoc</code> (modern <a
href="https://asciidoc.org/">AsciiDoc</a> as interpreted by <a
href="https://asciidoctor.org/">AsciiDoctor</a>)</li>
<li><code>asciidoc_legacy</code> (<a
href="https://asciidoc.org/">AsciiDoc</a> as interpreted by <a
href="https://github.com/asciidoc-py/asciidoc-py"><code>asciidoc-py</code></a>).</li>
<li><code>asciidoctor</code> (deprecated synonym for
<code>asciidoc</code>)</li>
<li><code>bbcode</code> <a
href="https://www.bbcode.org/reference.php">BBCode</a></li>
<li><code>bbcode_fluxbb</code> <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210623155046/https://fluxbb.org/forums/help.php#bbcode">BBCode
(FluxBB)</a></li>
<li><code>bbcode_phpbb</code> <a
href="https://www.phpbb.com/community/help/bbcode">BBCode
(phpBB)</a></li>
<li><code>bbcode_steam</code> <a
href="https://steamcommunity.com/comment/ForumTopic/formattinghelp">BBCode
(Steam)</a></li>
<li><code>bbcode_hubzilla</code> <a
href="https://hubzilla.org/help/member/bbcode">BBCode
(Hubzilla)</a></li>
<li><code>bbcode_xenforo</code> <a
href="https://www.xenfocus.com/community/help/bb-codes/">BBCode
(xenForo)</a></li>
<li><code>beamer</code> (<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/beamer">LaTeX
beamer</a> slide show)</li>
<li><code>bibtex</code> (<a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bibtex">BibTeX</a> bibliography)</li>
<li><code>biblatex</code> (<a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex">BibLaTeX</a> bibliography)</li>
<li><code>chunkedhtml</code> (zip archive of multiple linked HTML
files)</li>
<li><code>commonmark</code> (<a
href="https://commonmark.org">CommonMark</a> Markdown)</li>
<li><code>commonmark_x</code> (<a
href="https://commonmark.org">CommonMark</a> Markdown with
extensions)</li>
<li><code>context</code> (<a
href="https://www.contextgarden.net/">ConTeXt</a>)</li>
<li><code>csljson</code> (<a
href="https://citeproc-js.readthedocs.io/en/latest/csl-json/markup.html">CSL
JSON</a> bibliography)</li>
<li><code>djot</code> (<a href="https://djot.net">Djot markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>docbook</code> or <code>docbook4</code> (<a
href="https://docbook.org">DocBook</a> 4)</li>
<li><code>docbook5</code> (DocBook 5)</li>
<li><code>docx</code> (<a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_Open_XML">Word docx</a>)</li>
<li><code>dokuwiki</code> (<a
href="https://www.dokuwiki.org/dokuwiki">DokuWiki markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>epub</code> or <code>epub3</code> (<a
href="http://idpf.org/epub">EPUB</a> v3 book)</li>
<li><code>epub2</code> (EPUB v2)</li>
<li><code>fb2</code> (<a
href="http://www.fictionbook.org/index.php/Eng:XML_Schema_Fictionbook_2.1">FictionBook2</a>
e-book)</li>
<li><code>gfm</code> (<a
href="https://help.github.com/articles/github-flavored-markdown/">GitHub-Flavored
Markdown</a>), or the deprecated and less accurate
<code>markdown_github</code>; use <a
href="#markdown-variants"><code>markdown_github</code></a> only if you
need extensions not supported in <a
href="#markdown-variants"><code>gfm</code></a>.</li>
<li><code>haddock</code> (<a
href="https://www.haskell.org/haddock/doc/html/ch03s08.html">Haddock
markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>html</code> or <code>html5</code> (<a
href="https://www.w3.org/html/">HTML</a>, i.e. <a
href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/">HTML5</a>/XHTML <a
href="https://www.w3.org/TR/html-polyglot/">polyglot markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>html4</code> (<a
href="https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/">XHTML</a> 1.0 Transitional)</li>
<li><code>icml</code> (<a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211006210211/https://wwwimages.adobe.com/www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/indesign/sdk/cs6/idml/idml-cookbook.pdf">InDesign
ICML</a>)</li>
<li><code>ipynb</code> (<a
href="https://nbformat.readthedocs.io/en/latest/">Jupyter
notebook</a>)</li>
<li><code>jats_archiving</code> (<a
href="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov">JATS</a> XML, Archiving and Interchange
Tag Set)</li>
<li><code>jats_articleauthoring</code> (<a
href="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov">JATS</a> XML, Article Authoring Tag
Set)</li>
<li><code>jats_publishing</code> (<a
href="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov">JATS</a> XML, Journal Publishing Tag
Set)</li>
<li><code>jats</code> (alias for <code>jats_archiving</code>)</li>
<li><code>jira</code> (<a
href="https://jira.atlassian.com/secure/WikiRendererHelpAction.jspa?section=all">Jira</a>/Confluence
wiki markup)</li>
<li><code>json</code> (JSON version of native AST)</li>
<li><code>latex</code> (<a
href="https://www.latex-project.org/">LaTeX</a>)</li>
<li><code>man</code> (<a href="https://man.cx/groff_man(7)">roff
man</a>)</li>
<li><code>markdown</code> (<a href="#pandocs-markdown">Pandoc’s
Markdown</a>)</li>
<li><code>markdown_mmd</code> (<a
href="https://fletcherpenney.net/multimarkdown/">MultiMarkdown</a>)</li>
<li><code>markdown_phpextra</code> (<a
href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown
Extra</a>)</li>
<li><code>markdown_strict</code> (original unextended <a
href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Markdown</a>)</li>
<li><code>markua</code> (<a
href="https://leanpub.com/markua/read">Markua</a>)</li>
<li><code>mediawiki</code> (<a
href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting">MediaWiki
markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>ms</code> (<a href="https://man.cx/groff_ms(7)">roff
ms</a>)</li>
<li><code>muse</code> (<a
href="https://amusewiki.org/library/manual">Muse</a>)</li>
<li><code>native</code> (native Haskell)</li>
<li><code>odt</code> (<a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument">OpenDocument text
document</a>)</li>
<li><code>opml</code> (<a
href="https://opml.org/spec2.opml">OPML</a>)</li>
<li><code>opendocument</code> (<a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/2021/06/16/opendocument-v1-3-oasis-standard-published/">OpenDocument
XML</a>)</li>
<li><code>org</code> (<a href="https://orgmode.org">Emacs Org
mode</a>)</li>
<li><code>pdf</code> (<a href="https://www.adobe.com/pdf/">PDF</a>)</li>
<li><code>plain</code> (plain text)</li>
<li><code>pptx</code> (<a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint">PowerPoint</a>
slide show)</li>
<li><code>rst</code> (<a
href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/introduction.html">reStructuredText</a>)</li>
<li><code>rtf</code> (<a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format">Rich Text
Format</a>)</li>
<li><code>texinfo</code> (<a
href="https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/">GNU Texinfo</a>)</li>
<li><code>textile</code> (<a
href="https://textile-lang.com">Textile</a>)</li>
<li><code>slideous</code> (<a
href="https://goessner.net/articles/slideous/">Slideous</a> HTML and
JavaScript slide show)</li>
<li><code>slidy</code> (<a
href="https://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy2/">Slidy</a> HTML and
JavaScript slide show)</li>
<li><code>dzslides</code> (<a
href="https://paulrouget.com/dzslides/">DZSlides</a> HTML5 + JavaScript
slide show)</li>
<li><code>revealjs</code> (<a href="https://revealjs.com/">reveal.js</a>
HTML5 + JavaScript slide show)</li>
<li><code>s5</code> (<a
href="https://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/s5/">S5</a> HTML and JavaScript
slide show)</li>
<li><code>tei</code> (<a href="https://github.com/TEIC/TEI-Simple">TEI
Simple</a>)</li>
<li><code>typst</code> (<a href="https://typst.app">typst</a>)</li>
<li><code>vimdoc</code> (<a
href="https://vimhelp.org/helphelp.txt.html#help-writing">Vimdoc</a>)</li>
<li><code>xml</code> (XML version of native AST)</li>
<li><code>xwiki</code> (<a
href="https://www.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Documentation/UserGuide/Features/XWikiSyntax/">XWiki
markup</a>)</li>
<li><code>zimwiki</code> (<a
href="https://zim-wiki.org/manual/Help/Wiki_Syntax.html">ZimWiki
markup</a>)</li>
<li>the path of a custom Lua writer, see <a
href="#custom-readers-and-writers">Custom readers and writers</a>
below</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>Note that <code>odt</code>, <code>docx</code>, <code>epub</code>, and
<code>pdf</code> output will not be directed to <em>stdout</em> unless
forced with <code>-o -</code>.</p>
<p>Extensions can be individually enabled or disabled by appending
<code>+EXTENSION</code> or <code>-EXTENSION</code> to the format name.
See <a href="#extensions">Extensions</a> below, for a list of extensions
and their names. See <code>--list-output-formats</code> and
<code>--list-extensions</code>, below.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-o</code> <em>FILE</em>,
<code>--output=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Write output to <em>FILE</em> instead of <em>stdout</em>. If
<em>FILE</em> is <code>-</code>, output will go to <em>stdout</em>, even
if a non-textual format (<code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>,
<code>epub2</code>, <code>epub3</code>) is specified. If the output
format is <code>chunkedhtml</code> and <em>FILE</em> has no extension,
then instead of producing a <code>.zip</code> file pandoc will create a
directory <em>FILE</em> and unpack the zip archive there (unless
<em>FILE</em> already exists, in which case an error will be
raised).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--data-dir=</code><em>DIRECTORY</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the user data directory to search for pandoc data files. If
this option is not specified, the default user data directory will be
used. On *nix and macOS systems this will be the <code>pandoc</code>
subdirectory of the XDG data directory (by default,
<code>$HOME/.local/share</code>, overridable by setting the
<code>XDG_DATA_HOME</code> environment variable). If that directory does
not exist and <code>$HOME/.pandoc</code> exists, it will be used (for
backwards compatibility). On Windows the default user data directory is
<code>%APPDATA%\pandoc</code>. You can find the default user data
directory on your system by looking at the output of
<code>pandoc --version</code>. Data files placed in this directory (for
example, <code>reference.odt</code>, <code>reference.docx</code>,
<code>epub.css</code>, <code>templates</code>) will override pandoc’s
normal defaults. (Note that the user data directory is not created by
pandoc, so you will need to create it yourself if you want to make use
of it.)</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-d</code> <em>FILE</em>,
<code>--defaults=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a set of default option settings. <em>FILE</em> is a YAML or
JSON file whose fields correspond to command-line option settings. All
options for document conversion, including input and output files, can
be set using a defaults file. The file will be searched for first in the
working directory, and then in the <code>defaults</code> subdirectory of
the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>). The
<code>.yaml</code> extension will be added if <em>FILE</em> lacs an
extension. See the section <a href="#defaults-files">Defaults files</a>
for more information on the file format. Settings from the defaults file
may be overridden or extended by subsequent options on the command
line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--bash-completion</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Generate a bash completion script. To enable bash completion with
pandoc, add this to your <code>.bashrc</code>:</p>
<pre><code>eval &quot;$(pandoc --bash-completion)&quot;</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>--sandbox[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Run pandoc in a sandbox, limiting IO operations in readers and
writers to reading the files specified on the command line. Note that
this option does not limit IO operations by filters or in the production
of PDF documents. But it does offer security against, for example,
disclosure of files through the use of <code>include</code> directives.
Anyone using pandoc on untrusted user input should use this option.</p>
<p>Note: some readers and writers (e.g., <code>docx</code>) need access
to data files. If these are stored on the file system, then pandoc will
not be able to find them when run in <code>--sandbox</code> mode and
will raise an error. For these applications, we recommend using a pandoc
binary compiled with the <code>embed_data_files</code> option, which
causes the data files to be baked into the binary instead of being
stored on the file system.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--verbose</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Give verbose debugging output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--quiet</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Suppress warning messages.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--fail-if-warnings[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Exit with error status if there are any warnings.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--log=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Write log messages in machine-readable JSON format to <em>FILE</em>.
All messages above DEBUG level will be written, regardless of verbosity
settings (<code>--verbose</code>, <code>--quiet</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-input-formats</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>List supported input formats, one per line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-output-formats</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>List supported output formats, one per line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-extensions</code>[<code>=</code><em>FORMAT</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>List supported extensions for <em>FORMAT</em>, one per line, preceded
by a <code>+</code> or <code>-</code> indicating whether it is enabled
by default in <em>FORMAT</em>. If <em>FORMAT</em> is not specified,
defaults for pandoc’s Markdown are given.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-highlight-languages</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>List supported languages for syntax highlighting, one per line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-highlight-styles</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>List supported styles for syntax highlighting, one per line. See
<code>--syntax-highlighting</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-v</code>, <code>--version</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print version.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-h</code>, <code>--help</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Show usage message.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 class="options" id="reader-options">Reader options</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>--shift-heading-level-by=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Shift heading levels by a positive or negative integer. For example,
with <code>--shift-heading-level-by=-1</code>, level 2 headings become
level 1 headings, and level 3 headings become level 2 headings. Headings
cannot have a level less than 1, so a heading that would be shifted
below level 1 becomes a regular paragraph. Exception: with a shift of
-N, a level-N heading at the beginning of the document replaces the
metadata title. <code>--shift-heading-level-by=-1</code> is a good
choice when converting HTML or Markdown documents that use an initial
level-1 heading for the document title and level-2+ headings for
sections. <code>--shift-heading-level-by=1</code> may be a good choice
for converting Markdown documents that use level-1 headings for sections
to HTML, since pandoc uses a level-1 heading to render the document
title.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--base-header-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p><em>Deprecated. Use <code>--shift-heading-level-by</code>=X instead,
where X = NUMBER - 1.</em> Specify the base level for headings (defaults
to 1).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--indented-code-classes=</code><em>CLASSES</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify classes to use for indented code blocks—for example,
<code>perl,numberLines</code> or <code>haskell</code>. Multiple classes
may be separated by spaces or commas.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--default-image-extension=</code><em>EXTENSION</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a default extension to use when image paths/URLs have no
extension. This allows you to use the same source for formats that
require different kinds of images. Currently this option only affects
the Markdown and LaTeX readers.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--file-scope[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Parse each file individually before combining for multifile
documents. This will allow footnotes in different files with the same
identifiers to work as expected. If this option is set, footnotes and
links will not work across files. Reading binary files (docx, odt, epub)
implies <code>--file-scope</code>.</p>
<p>If two or more files are processed using <code>--file-scope</code>,
prefixes based on the filenames will be added to identifiers in order to
disambiguate them, and internal links will be adjusted accordingly. For
example, a header with identifier <code>foo</code> in
<code>subdir/file1.txt</code> will have its identifier changed to
<code>subdir__file1.txt__foo</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-F</code> <em>PROGRAM</em>,
<code>--filter=</code><em>PROGRAM</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify an executable to be used as a filter transforming the pandoc
AST after the input is parsed and before the output is written. The
executable should read JSON from stdin and write JSON to stdout. The
JSON must be formatted like pandoc’s own JSON input and output. The name
of the output format will be passed to the filter as the first argument.
Hence,</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --filter ./caps.py -t latex</code></pre>
<p>is equivalent to</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t json | ./caps.py latex | pandoc -f json -t latex</code></pre>
<p>The latter form may be useful for debugging filters.</p>
<p>Filters may be written in any language. <code>Text.Pandoc.JSON</code>
exports <code>toJSONFilter</code> to facilitate writing filters in
Haskell. Those who would prefer to write filters in python can use the
module <a
href="https://github.com/jgm/pandocfilters"><code>pandocfilters</code></a>,
installable from PyPI. There are also pandoc filter libraries in <a
href="https://github.com/vinai/pandocfilters-php">PHP</a>, <a
href="https://metacpan.org/pod/Pandoc::Filter">perl</a>, and <a
href="https://github.com/mvhenderson/pandoc-filter-node">JavaScript/node.js</a>.</p>
<p>In order of preference, pandoc will look for filters in</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>a specified full or relative path (executable or
non-executable),</p></li>
<li><p><code>$DATADIR/filters</code> (executable or non-executable)
where <code>$DATADIR</code> is the user data directory (see
<code>--data-dir</code>, above),</p></li>
<li><p><code>$PATH</code> (executable only).</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Filters, Lua-filters, and citeproc processing are applied in the
order specified on the command line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-L</code> <em>SCRIPT</em>,
<code>--lua-filter=</code><em>SCRIPT</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Transform the document in a similar fashion as JSON filters (see
<code>--filter</code>), but use pandoc’s built-in Lua filtering system.
The given Lua script is expected to return a list of Lua filters which
will be applied in order. Each Lua filter must contain
element-transforming functions indexed by the name of the AST element on
which the filter function should be applied.</p>
<p>The <code>pandoc</code> Lua module provides helper functions for
element creation. It is always loaded into the script’s Lua
environment.</p>
<p>See the <a href="https://pandoc.org/lua-filters.html">Lua filters
documentation</a> for further details.</p>
<p>In order of preference, pandoc will look for Lua filters in</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>a specified full or relative path,</p></li>
<li><p><code>$DATADIR/filters</code> where <code>$DATADIR</code> is the
user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>, above).</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Filters, Lua filters, and citeproc processing are applied in the
order specified on the command line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-M</code> <em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>],
<code>--metadata=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>:</code><em>VAL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the metadata field <em>KEY</em> to the value <em>VAL</em>. A
value specified on the command line overrides a value specified in the
document using <a href="#extension-yaml_metadata_block">YAML metadata
blocks</a>. Values will be parsed as YAML boolean or string values. If
no value is specified, the value will be treated as Boolean true. Like
<code>--variable</code>, <code>--metadata</code> causes template
variables to be set. But unlike <code>--variable</code>,
<code>--metadata</code> affects the metadata of the underlying document
(which is accessible from filters and may be printed in some output
formats) and metadata values will be escaped when inserted into the
template.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--metadata-file=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Read metadata from the supplied YAML (or JSON) file. This option can
be used with every input format, but string scalars in the metadata file
will always be parsed as Markdown. (If the input format is Markdown or a
Markdown variant, then the same variant will be used to parse the
metadata file; if it is a non-Markdown format, pandoc’s default Markdown
extensions will be used.) This option can be used repeatedly to include
multiple metadata files; values in files specified later on the command
line will be preferred over those specified in earlier files. Metadata
values specified inside the document, or by using <code>-M</code>,
overwrite values specified with this option. The file will be searched
for first in the working directory, and then in the
<code>metadata</code> subdirectory of the user data directory (see
<code>--data-dir</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-p</code>, <code>--preserve-tabs[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Preserve tabs instead of converting them to spaces. (By default,
pandoc converts tabs to spaces before parsing its input.) Note that this
will only affect tabs in literal code spans and code blocks. Tabs in
regular text are always treated as spaces.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--tab-stop=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the number of spaces per tab (default is 4).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--track-changes=accept</code>|<code>reject</code>|<code>all</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specifies what to do with insertions, deletions, and comments
produced by the MS Word “Track Changes” feature. <code>accept</code>
(the default) processes all the insertions and deletions.
<code>reject</code> ignores them. Both <code>accept</code> and
<code>reject</code> ignore comments. <code>all</code> includes all
insertions, deletions, and comments, wrapped in spans with
<code>insertion</code>, <code>deletion</code>,
<code>comment-start</code>, and <code>comment-end</code> classes,
respectively. The author and time of change is included.
<code>all</code> is useful for scripting: only accepting changes from a
certain reviewer, say, or before a certain date. If a paragraph is
inserted or deleted, <code>track-changes=all</code> produces a span with
the class
<code>paragraph-insertion</code>/<code>paragraph-deletion</code> before
the affected paragraph break. This option only affects the docx
reader.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--extract-media=</code><em>DIR</em>|<em>FILE</em><code>.zip</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Extract images and other media contained in or linked from the source
document to the path <em>DIR</em>, creating it if necessary, and adjust
the images references in the document so they point to the extracted
files. Media are downloaded, read from the file system, or extracted
from a binary container (e.g. docx), as needed. The original file paths
are used if they are relative paths not containing <code>..</code>.
Otherwise filenames are constructed from the SHA1 hash of the
contents.</p>
<p>If the path given ends in <code>.zip</code>, then instead of creating
a directory, pandoc will create a zip archive containing the media
files.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--abbreviations=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specifies a custom abbreviations file, with abbreviations one to a
line. If this option is not specified, pandoc will read the data file
<code>abbreviations</code> from the user data directory or fall back on
a system default. To see the system default, use
<code>pandoc --print-default-data-file=abbreviations</code>. The only
use pandoc makes of this list is in the Markdown reader. Strings found
in this list will be followed by a nonbreaking space, and the period
will not produce sentence-ending space in formats like LaTeX. The
strings may not contain spaces.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--typst-input=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Set a parameter value that will be made available to the typst parser
in <code>sys.inputs</code>, like <code>--input</code> in the
<code>typst</code> CLI. Either <code>:</code> or <code>=</code> may be
used to separate <em>KEY</em> from <em>VAL</em>. Values containing
spaces must be quoted.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--trace[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print diagnostic output tracing parser progress to stderr. This
option is intended for use by developers in diagnosing performance
issues.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 class="options" id="general-writer-options">General writer
options</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>-s</code>, <code>--standalone</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Produce output with an appropriate header and footer (e.g. a
standalone HTML, LaTeX, TEI, or RTF file, not a fragment). This option
is set automatically for <code>pdf</code>, <code>epub</code>,
<code>epub3</code>, <code>fb2</code>, <code>docx</code>, and
<code>odt</code> output. For <code>native</code> output, this option
causes metadata to be included; otherwise, metadata is suppressed.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--template=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the specified file as a custom template for the generated
document. Implies <code>--standalone</code>. See <a
href="#templates">Templates</a>, below, for a description of template
syntax. If the template is not found, pandoc will search for it in the
<code>templates</code> subdirectory of the user data directory (see
<code>--data-dir</code>). If no extension is specified and an
extensionless template is not found, pandoc will look for a template
with an extension corresponding to the writer, so that
<code>--template=special</code> looks for <code>special.html</code> for
HTML output. If this option is not used, a default template appropriate
for the output format will be used (see
<code>-D/--print-default-template</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-V</code> <em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>],
<code>--variable=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>VAL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the template variable <em>KEY</em> to the string value
<em>VAL</em> when rendering the document in standalone mode. Either
<code>:</code> or <code>=</code> may be used to separate <em>KEY</em>
from <em>VAL</em>. If no <em>VAL</em> is specified, the key will be
given the value <code>true</code>. Structured values (lists, maps)
cannot be assigned using this option, but they can be assigned in the
<code>variables</code> section of a <a href="#defaults-files">defaults
file</a> or using the <code>--variable-json</code> option. If the
variable already has a <em>list</em> value, the value will be added to
the list. If it already has another kind of value, it will be made into
a list containing the previous and the new value. For example,
<code>-V author=Joe -V author=Sue</code> makes <code>author</code>
contain a list of strings: <code>Joe</code> and <code>Sue</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--variable-json=</code><em>KEY</em>[<code>=</code><em>JSON</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the template variable <em>KEY</em> to the value specified by a
JSON string (this may be a boolean, a string, a list, or a mapping; a
number will be treated as a string). For example,
<code>--variable-json foo=false</code> will give <code>foo</code> the
boolean false value, while <code>--variable-json foo='"false"'</code>
will give it the string value <code>"false"</code>. Either
<code>:</code> or <code>=</code> may be used to separate <em>KEY</em>
from <em>VAL</em>. If the variable already has a value, this value will
be replaced.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-D</code> <em>FORMAT</em>,
<code>--print-default-template=</code><em>FORMAT</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print the system default template for an output <em>FORMAT</em>. (See
<code>-t</code> for a list of possible <em>FORMAT</em>s.) Templates in
the user data directory are ignored. This option may be used with
<code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> to redirect output to a file, but
<code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> must come before
<code>--print-default-template</code> on the command line.</p>
<p>Note that some of the default templates use partials, for example
<code>styles.html</code>. To print the partials, use
<code>--print-default-data-file</code>: for example,
<code>--print-default-data-file=templates/styles.html</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--print-default-data-file=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print a system default data file. Files in the user data directory
are ignored. This option may be used with
<code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> to redirect output to a file, but
<code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> must come before
<code>--print-default-data-file</code> on the command line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--eol=crlf</code>|<code>lf</code>|<code>native</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Manually specify line endings: <code>crlf</code> (Windows),
<code>lf</code> (macOS/Linux/UNIX), or <code>native</code> (line endings
appropriate to the OS on which pandoc is being run). The default is
<code>native</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--dpi</code>=<em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the default dpi (dots per inch) value for conversion from
pixels to inch/centimeters and vice versa. (Technically, the correct
term would be ppi: pixels per inch.) The default is 96dpi. When images
contain information about dpi internally, the encoded value is used
instead of the default specified by this option.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--wrap=auto</code>|<code>none</code>|<code>preserve</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Determine how text is wrapped in the output (the source code, not the
rendered version). With <code>auto</code> (the default), pandoc will
attempt to wrap lines to the column width specified by
<code>--columns</code> (default 72). With <code>none</code>, pandoc will
not wrap lines at all. With <code>preserve</code>, pandoc will attempt
to preserve the wrapping from the source document (that is, where there
are nonsemantic newlines in the source, there will be nonsemantic
newlines in the output as well). In <code>ipynb</code> output, this
option affects wrapping of the contents of Markdown cells.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--columns=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify length of lines in characters. This affects text wrapping in
the generated source code (see <code>--wrap</code>). It also affects
calculation of column widths for plain text tables (see <a
href="#tables">Tables</a> below).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--toc[=true|false]</code>,
<code>--table-of-contents[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include an automatically generated table of contents (or, in the case
of <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, <code>docx</code>,
<code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>, <code>rst</code>, or
<code>ms</code>, an instruction to create one) in the output document.
This option has no effect unless <code>-s/--standalone</code> is used,
and it has no effect on <code>man</code>, <code>docbook4</code>,
<code>docbook5</code>, or <code>jats</code> output.</p>
<p>Note that if you are producing a PDF via <code>ms</code> and using
(the default) <code>groff</code> as a <code>--pdf-engine</code>, the
table of contents will appear at the end of the document. If you would
prefer it to be at the beginning of the document, before the title, you
can use <code>--pdf-engine=pdfroff</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--toc-depth=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the number of section levels to include in the table of
contents. The default is 3 (which means that level-1, 2, and 3 headings
will be listed in the contents).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--lof[=true|false]</code>,
<code>--list-of-figures[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include an automatically generated list of figures (or, in some
formats, an instruction to create one) in the output document. This
option has no effect unless <code>-s/--standalone</code> is used, and it
only has an effect on <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, and
<code>docx</code> output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--lot[=true|false]</code>,
<code>--list-of-tables[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include an automatically generated list of tables (or, in some
formats, an instruction to create one) in the output document. This
option has no effect unless <code>-s/--standalone</code> is used, and it
only has an effect on <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>, and
<code>docx</code> output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--strip-comments[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Strip out HTML comments in the Markdown or Textile source, rather
than passing them on to Markdown, Textile or HTML output as raw HTML.
This does not apply to HTML comments inside raw HTML blocks when the
<code>markdown_in_html_blocks</code> extension is not set.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--syntax-highlighting=default|none|idiomatic|</code><em>STYLE</em><code>|</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>The method to use for code syntax highlighting. Setting a specific
<em>STYLE</em> causes highlighting to be performed with the internal
highlighting engine, using KDE syntax definitions and styles. The
<code>idiomatic</code> method uses a format-specific highlighter if one
is available, or the default style if the target format has no idiomatic
highlighting method. Setting this option to <code>none</code> disables
all syntax highlighting. The <code>default</code> method uses a
format-specific default.</p>
<p>The default for HTML, EPUB, Docx, Ms, Man, and LaTeX output is to use
the internal highlighter with the default style; for Typst it is to use
Typst’s own syntax highlighting system.</p>
<p>Style options are <code>pygments</code> (the default),
<code>kate</code>, <code>monochrome</code>, <code>breezeDark</code>,
<code>espresso</code>, <code>zenburn</code>, <code>haddock</code>, and
<code>tango</code>. For more information on syntax highlighting in
pandoc, see <a href="#syntax-highlighting">Syntax highlighting</a>,
below. See also <code>--list-highlight-styles</code>.</p>
<p>Instead of a <em>STYLE</em> name, a JSON file with extension
<code>.theme</code> may be supplied. This will be parsed as a KDE syntax
highlighting theme and (if valid) used as the highlighting style.</p>
<p>To generate the JSON version of an existing style, use
<code>--print-highlight-style</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--no-highlight</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><em>Deprecated, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=none</code>
instead.</em></p>
<p>Disables syntax highlighting for code blocks and inlines, even when a
language attribute is given.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--highlight-style=</code><em>STYLE</em>|<em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p><em>Deprecated, use
<code>--syntax-highlighting=</code><em>STYLE</em>|<em>FILE</em>
instead.</em></p>
<p>Specifies the coloring style to be used in highlighted source
code.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--print-highlight-style=</code><em>STYLE</em>|<em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Prints a JSON version of a highlighting style, which can be modified,
saved with a <code>.theme</code> extension, and used with
<code>--syntax-highlighting</code>. This option may be used with
<code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> to redirect output to a file, but
<code>-o</code>/<code>--output</code> must come before
<code>--print-highlight-style</code> on the command line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--syntax-definition=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Instructs pandoc to load a KDE XML syntax definition file, which will
be used for syntax highlighting of appropriately marked code blocks.
This can be used to add support for new languages or to use altered
syntax definitions for existing languages. This option may be repeated
to add multiple syntax definitions.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-H</code> <em>FILE</em>,
<code>--include-in-header=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include contents of <em>FILE</em>, verbatim, at the end of the
header. This can be used, for example, to include special CSS or
JavaScript in HTML documents. This option can be used repeatedly to
include multiple files in the header. They will be included in the order
specified. Implies <code>--standalone</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-B</code> <em>FILE</em>,
<code>--include-before-body=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include contents of <em>FILE</em>, verbatim, at the beginning of the
document body (e.g. after the <code>&lt;body&gt;</code> tag in HTML, or
the <code>\begin{document}</code> command in LaTeX). This can be used to
include navigation bars or banners in HTML documents. This option can be
used repeatedly to include multiple files. They will be included in the
order specified. Implies <code>--standalone</code>. Note that if the
output format is <code>odt</code>, this file must be in OpenDocument XML
format suitable for insertion into the body of the document, and if the
output is <code>docx</code>, this file must be in appropriate OpenXML
format.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-A</code> <em>FILE</em>,
<code>--include-after-body=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include contents of <em>FILE</em>, verbatim, at the end of the
document body (before the <code>&lt;/body&gt;</code> tag in HTML, or the
<code>\end{document}</code> command in LaTeX). This option can be used
repeatedly to include multiple files. They will be included in the order
specified. Implies <code>--standalone</code>. Note that if the output
format is <code>odt</code>, this file must be in OpenDocument XML format
suitable for insertion into the body of the document, and if the output
is <code>docx</code>, this file must be in appropriate OpenXML
format.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--resource-path=</code><em>SEARCHPATH</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>List of paths to search for images and other resources. The paths
should be separated by <code>:</code> on Linux, UNIX, and macOS systems,
and by <code>;</code> on Windows. If <code>--resource-path</code> is not
specified, the default resource path is the working directory. Note
that, if <code>--resource-path</code> is specified, the working
directory must be explicitly listed or it will not be searched. For
example: <code>--resource-path=.:test</code> will search the working
directory and the <code>test</code> subdirectory, in that order. This
option can be used repeatedly. Search path components that come later on
the command line will be searched before those that come earlier, so
<code>--resource-path foo:bar --resource-path baz:bim</code> is
equivalent to <code>--resource-path baz:bim:foo:bar</code>. Note that
this option only has an effect when pandoc itself needs to find an image
(e.g., in producing a PDF or docx, or when
<code>--embed-resources</code> is used.) It will not cause image paths
to be rewritten in other cases (e.g., when pandoc is generating LaTeX or
HTML).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--request-header=</code><em>NAME</em><code>:</code><em>VAL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the request header <em>NAME</em> to the value <em>VAL</em> when
making HTTP requests (for example, when a URL is given on the command
line, or when resources used in a document must be downloaded). If
you’re behind a proxy, you also need to set the environment variable
<code>http_proxy</code> to <code>http://...</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--no-check-certificate[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Disable the certificate verification to allow access to unsecure HTTP
resources (for example when the certificate is no longer valid or self
signed).</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 class="options" id="options-affecting-specific-writers">Options
affecting specific writers</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>--self-contained[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p><em>Deprecated synonym for
<code>--embed-resources --standalone</code>.</em></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--embed-resources[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Produce a standalone HTML file with no external dependencies, using
<code>data:</code> URIs to incorporate the contents of linked scripts,
stylesheets, images, and videos. The resulting file should be
“self-contained,” in the sense that it needs no external files and no
net access to be displayed properly by a browser. This option works only
with HTML output formats, including <code>html4</code>,
<code>html5</code>, <code>html+lhs</code>, <code>html5+lhs</code>,
<code>s5</code>, <code>slidy</code>, <code>slideous</code>,
<code>dzslides</code>, and <code>revealjs</code>. Scripts, images, and
stylesheets at absolute URLs will be downloaded; those at relative URLs
will be sought relative to the working directory (if the first source
file is local) or relative to the base URL (if the first source file is
remote). Elements with the attribute <code>data-external="1"</code> will
be left alone; the documents they link to will not be incorporated in
the document. Limitation: resources that are loaded dynamically through
JavaScript cannot be incorporated; as a result, fonts may be missing
when <code>--mathjax</code> is used, and some advanced features
(e.g. zoom or speaker notes) may not work in an offline “self-contained”
<code>reveal.js</code> slide show.</p>
<p>For SVG images, <code>img</code> tags with <code>data:</code> URIs
are used, unless the image has the class <code>inline-svg</code>, in
which case an inline SVG element is inserted. This approach is
recommended when there are many occurrences of the same SVG in a
document, as <code>&lt;use&gt;</code> elements will be used to reduce
duplication.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--link-images[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Include links to images instead of embedding the images in ODT. (This
option currently only affects ODT output.)</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--html-q-tags[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use <code>&lt;q&gt;</code> tags for quotes in HTML. (This option only
has an effect if the <code>smart</code> extension is enabled for the
input format used.)</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--ascii[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use only ASCII characters in output. Currently supported for XML and
HTML formats (which use entities instead of UTF-8 when this option is
selected), CommonMark, gfm, and Markdown (which use entities), roff man
and ms (which use hexadecimal escapes), and to a limited degree LaTeX
(which uses standard commands for accented characters when
possible).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--reference-links[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use reference-style links, rather than inline links, in writing
Markdown or reStructuredText. By default inline links are used. The
placement of link references is affected by the
<code>--reference-location</code> option.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--reference-location=block</code>|<code>section</code>|<code>document</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify whether footnotes (and references, if
<code>reference-links</code> is set) are placed at the end of the
current (top-level) block, the current section, or the document. The
default is <code>document</code>. Currently this option only affects the
<code>markdown</code>, <code>muse</code>, <code>html</code>,
<code>epub</code>, <code>slidy</code>, <code>s5</code>,
<code>slideous</code>, <code>dzslides</code>, and <code>revealjs</code>
writers. In slide formats, specifying
<code>--reference-location=section</code> will cause notes to be
rendered at the bottom of a slide.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--figure-caption-position=above</code>|<code>below</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify whether figure captions go above or below figures (default is
<code>below</code>). This option only affects HTML, LaTeX, Docx, ODT,
and Typst output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--table-caption-position=above</code>|<code>below</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify whether table captions go above or below tables (default is
<code>above</code>). This option only affects HTML, LaTeX, Docx, ODT,
and Typst output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--markdown-headings=setext</code>|<code>atx</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify whether to use ATX-style (<code>#</code>-prefixed) or
Setext-style (underlined) headings for level 1 and 2 headings in
Markdown output. (The default is <code>atx</code>.) ATX-style headings
are always used for levels 3+. This option also affects Markdown cells
in <code>ipynb</code> output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--list-tables[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Render tables as list tables in RST output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--top-level-division=default</code>|<code>section</code>|<code>chapter</code>|<code>part</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Treat top-level headings as the given division type in LaTeX,
ConTeXt, DocBook, and TEI output. The hierarchy order is part, chapter,
then section; all headings are shifted such that the top-level heading
becomes the specified type. The default behavior is to determine the
best division type via heuristics: unless other conditions apply,
<code>section</code> is chosen. When the <code>documentclass</code>
variable is set to <code>report</code>, <code>book</code>, or
<code>memoir</code> (unless the <code>article</code> option is
specified), <code>chapter</code> is implied as the setting for this
option. If <code>beamer</code> is the output format, specifying either
<code>chapter</code> or <code>part</code> will cause top-level headings
to become <code>\part{..}</code>, while second-level headings remain as
their default type.</p>
<p>In Docx output, this option adds section breaks before first-level
headings if <code>chapter</code> is selected, and before first- and
second-level headings if <code>part</code> is selected. Footnote numbers
will restart with each section break unless the reference doc modifies
this.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-N</code>, <code>--number-sections=[true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Number section headings in LaTeX, ConTeXt, HTML, Docx, ms, or EPUB
output. By default, sections are not numbered. Sections with class
<code>unnumbered</code> will never be numbered, even if
<code>--number-sections</code> is specified.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--number-offset=</code><em>NUMBER</em>[<code>,</code><em>NUMBER</em><code>,</code><em>…</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Offsets for section heading numbers. The first number is added to the
section number for level-1 headings, the second for level-2 headings,
and so on. So, for example, if you want the first level-1 heading in
your document to be numbered “6” instead of “1”, specify
<code>--number-offset=5</code>. If your document starts with a level-2
heading which you want to be numbered “1.5”, specify
<code>--number-offset=1,4</code>. <code>--number-offset</code> only
directly affects the number of the first section heading in a document;
subsequent numbers increment in the normal way. Implies
<code>--number-sections</code>. Currently this feature only affects HTML
and Docx output.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--listings[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>*Deprecated, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=idiomatic</code> or
<code>--syntax-highlighting=default</code> instead.</p>
<p>Use the <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/listings"><code>listings</code></a> package
for LaTeX code blocks. The package does not support multi-byte encoding
for source code. To handle UTF-8 you would need to use a custom
template. This issue is fully documented here: <a
href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Source_Code_Listings#Encoding_issue">Encoding
issue with the listings package</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-i</code>, <code>--incremental[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Make list items in slide shows display incrementally (one by one).
The default is for lists to be displayed all at once.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--slide-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specifies that headings with the specified level create slides (for
<code>beamer</code>, <code>revealjs</code>, <code>pptx</code>,
<code>s5</code>, <code>slidy</code>, <code>slideous</code>,
<code>dzslides</code>). Headings above this level in the hierarchy are
used to divide the slide show into sections; headings below this level
create subheads within a slide. Valid values are 0-6. If a slide level
of 0 is specified, slides will not be split automatically on headings,
and horizontal rules must be used to indicate slide boundaries. If a
slide level is not specified explicitly, the slide level will be set
automatically based on the contents of the document; see <a
href="#structuring-the-slide-show">Structuring the slide show</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--section-divs[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Wrap sections in <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> tags (or
<code>&lt;div&gt;</code> tags for <code>html4</code>), and attach
identifiers to the enclosing <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> (or
<code>&lt;div&gt;</code>) rather than the heading itself (see <a
href="#heading-identifiers">Heading identifiers</a>, below). This option
only affects HTML output (and does not affect HTML slide formats).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--email-obfuscation=none</code>|<code>javascript</code>|<code>references</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a method for obfuscating <code>mailto:</code> links in HTML
documents. <code>none</code> leaves <code>mailto:</code> links as they
are. <code>javascript</code> obfuscates them using JavaScript.
<code>references</code> obfuscates them by printing their letters as
decimal or hexadecimal character references. The default is
<code>none</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--id-prefix=</code><em>STRING</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a prefix to be added to all identifiers and internal links in
HTML and DocBook output, and to footnote numbers in Markdown and Haddock
output. This is useful for preventing duplicate identifiers when
generating fragments to be included in other pages.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-T</code> <em>STRING</em>,
<code>--title-prefix=</code><em>STRING</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify <em>STRING</em> as a prefix at the beginning of the title
that appears in the HTML header (but not in the title as it appears at
the beginning of the HTML body). Implies <code>--standalone</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-c</code> <em>URL</em>, <code>--css=</code><em>URL</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Link to a CSS style sheet. This option can be used repeatedly to
include multiple files. They will be included in the order specified.
This option only affects HTML (including HTML slide shows) and EPUB
output. It should be used together with <code>-s/--standalone</code>,
because the link to the stylesheet goes in the document header.</p>
<p>A stylesheet is required for generating EPUB. If none is provided
using this option (or the <code>css</code> or <code>stylesheet</code>
metadata fields), pandoc will look for a file <code>epub.css</code> in
the user data directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>). If it is not
found there, sensible defaults will be used.</p>
</dd>
<dt><span
id="option--reference-doc"><code>--reference-doc=</code><em>FILE</em>|<em>URL</em></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the specified file as a style reference in producing a docx or
ODT file.</p>
<dl>
<dt>Docx</dt>
<dd>
<p>For best results, the reference docx should be a modified version of
a docx file produced using pandoc. The contents of the reference docx
are ignored, but its stylesheets and document properties (including
margins, page size, header, and footer) are used in the new docx. If no
reference docx is specified on the command line, pandoc will look for a
file <code>reference.docx</code> in the user data directory (see
<code>--data-dir</code>). If this is not found either, sensible defaults
will be used.</p>
<p>To produce a custom <code>reference.docx</code>, first get a copy of
the default <code>reference.docx</code>:
<code>pandoc -o custom-reference.docx --print-default-data-file reference.docx</code>.
Then open <code>custom-reference.docx</code> in Word or LibreOffice,
modify the styles as you wish, and save the file. For best results, do
not make changes to this file other than modifying the styles used by
pandoc:</p>
<p>Paragraph styles:</p>
<ul>
<li>Normal</li>
<li>Body Text</li>
<li>First Paragraph</li>
<li>Compact</li>
<li>Title</li>
<li>Subtitle</li>
<li>Author</li>
<li>Date</li>
<li>Abstract</li>
<li>AbstractTitle</li>
<li>Bibliography</li>
<li>Heading 1</li>
<li>Heading 2</li>
<li>Heading 3</li>
<li>Heading 4</li>
<li>Heading 5</li>
<li>Heading 6</li>
<li>Heading 7</li>
<li>Heading 8</li>
<li>Heading 9</li>
<li>Block Text [for block quotes]</li>
<li>Footnote Block Text [for block quotes in footnotes]</li>
<li>Source Code</li>
<li>Footnote Text</li>
<li>Definition Term</li>
<li>Definition</li>
<li>Caption</li>
<li>Table Caption</li>
<li>Image Caption</li>
<li>Figure</li>
<li>Captioned Figure</li>
<li>TOC Heading</li>
</ul>
<p>Character styles:</p>
<ul>
<li>Default Paragraph Font</li>
<li>Verbatim Char</li>
<li>Footnote Reference</li>
<li>Hyperlink</li>
<li>Section Number</li>
</ul>
<p>Table style:</p>
<ul>
<li>Table</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>ODT</dt>
<dd>
<p>For best results, the reference ODT should be a modified version of
an ODT produced using pandoc. The contents of the reference ODT are
ignored, but its stylesheets are used in the new ODT. If no reference
ODT is specified on the command line, pandoc will look for a file
<code>reference.odt</code> in the user data directory (see
<code>--data-dir</code>). If this is not found either, sensible defaults
will be used.</p>
<p>To produce a custom <code>reference.odt</code>, first get a copy of
the default <code>reference.odt</code>:
<code>pandoc -o custom-reference.odt --print-default-data-file reference.odt</code>.
Then open <code>custom-reference.odt</code> in LibreOffice, modify the
styles as you wish, and save the file.</p>
</dd>
<dt>PowerPoint</dt>
<dd>
<p>Templates included with Microsoft PowerPoint 2013 (either with
<code>.pptx</code> or <code>.potx</code> extension) are known to work,
as are most templates derived from these.</p>
<p>The specific requirement is that the template should contain layouts
with the following names (as seen within PowerPoint):</p>
<ul>
<li>Title Slide</li>
<li>Title and Content</li>
<li>Section Header</li>
<li>Two Content</li>
<li>Comparison</li>
<li>Content with Caption</li>
<li>Blank</li>
</ul>
<p>For each name, the first layout found with that name will be used. If
no layout is found with one of the names, pandoc will output a warning
and use the layout with that name from the default reference doc
instead. (How these layouts are used is described in <a
href="#powerpoint-layout-choice">PowerPoint layout choice</a>.)</p>
<p>All templates included with a recent version of MS PowerPoint will
fit these criteria. (You can click on <code>Layout</code> under the
<code>Home</code> menu to check.)</p>
<p>You can also modify the default <code>reference.pptx</code>: first
run
<code>pandoc -o custom-reference.pptx --print-default-data-file reference.pptx</code>,
and then modify <code>custom-reference.pptx</code> in MS PowerPoint
(pandoc will use the layouts with the names listed above).</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt><code>--split-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the heading level at which to split an EPUB or chunked HTML
document into separate files. The default is to split into chapters at
level-1 headings. In the case of EPUB, this option only affects the
internal composition of the EPUB, not the way chapters and sections are
displayed to users. Some readers may be slow if the chapter files are
too large, so for large documents with few level-1 headings, one might
want to use a chapter level of 2 or 3. For chunked HTML, this option
determines how much content goes in each “chunk.”</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--chunk-template=</code><em>PATHTEMPLATE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a template for the filenames in a <code>chunkedhtml</code>
document. In the template, <code>%n</code> will be replaced by the chunk
number (padded with leading 0s to 3 digits), <code>%s</code> with the
section number of the chunk, <code>%h</code> with the heading text (with
formatting removed), <code>%i</code> with the section identifier. For
example, <code>section-%s-%i.html</code> might be resolved to
<code>section-1.1-introduction.html</code>. The characters
<code>/</code> and <code>\</code> are not allowed in chunk templates and
will be ignored. The default is <code>%s-%i.html</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-chapter-level=</code><em>NUMBER</em></dt>
<dd>
<p><em>Deprecated synonym for <code>--split-level</code>.</em></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-cover-image=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the specified image as the EPUB cover. It is recommended that the
image be less than 1000px in width and height. Note that in a Markdown
source document you can also specify <code>cover-image</code> in a YAML
metadata block (see <a href="#epub-metadata">EPUB Metadata</a>,
below).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-title-page=true</code>|<code>false</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Determines whether a the title page is included in the EPUB (default
is <code>true</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-metadata=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Look in the specified XML file for metadata for the EPUB. The file
should contain a series of <a
href="https://www.dublincore.org/specifications/dublin-core/dces/">Dublin
Core elements</a>. For example:</p>
<pre><code> &lt;dc:rights&gt;Creative Commons&lt;/dc:rights&gt;
 &lt;dc:language&gt;es-AR&lt;/dc:language&gt;</code></pre>
<p>By default, pandoc will include the following metadata elements:
<code>&lt;dc:title&gt;</code> (from the document title),
<code>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</code> (from the document authors),
<code>&lt;dc:date&gt;</code> (from the document date, which should be in
<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime">ISO 8601 format</a>),
<code>&lt;dc:language&gt;</code> (from the <code>lang</code> variable,
or, if is not set, the locale), and
<code>&lt;dc:identifier id="BookId"&gt;</code> (a randomly generated
UUID). Any of these may be overridden by elements in the metadata
file.</p>
<p>Note: if the source document is Markdown, a YAML metadata block in
the document can be used instead. See below under <a
href="#epub-metadata">EPUB Metadata</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-embed-font=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Embed the specified font in the EPUB. This option can be repeated to
embed multiple fonts. Wildcards can also be used: for example,
<code>DejaVuSans-*.ttf</code>. However, if you use wildcards on the
command line, be sure to escape them or put the whole filename in single
quotes, to prevent them from being interpreted by the shell. To use the
embedded fonts, you will need to add declarations like the following to
your CSS (see <code>--css</code>):</p>
<pre><code>@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: normal;
   font-weight: normal;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-Regular.ttf&quot;);
}
@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: normal;
   font-weight: bold;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-Bold.ttf&quot;);
}
@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: italic;
   font-weight: normal;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-Oblique.ttf&quot;);
}
@font-face {
   font-family: DejaVuSans;
   font-style: italic;
   font-weight: bold;
   src:url(&quot;../fonts/DejaVuSans-BoldOblique.ttf&quot;);
}
body { font-family: &quot;DejaVuSans&quot;; }</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>--epub-subdirectory=</code><em>DIRNAME</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the subdirectory in the OCF container that is to hold the
EPUB-specific contents. The default is <code>EPUB</code>. To put the
EPUB contents in the top level, use an empty string.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--ipynb-output=all|none|best</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Determines how ipynb output cells are treated. <code>all</code> means
that all of the data formats included in the original are preserved.
<code>none</code> means that the contents of data cells are omitted.
<code>best</code> causes pandoc to try to pick the richest data block in
each output cell that is compatible with the output format. The default
is <code>best</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--pdf-engine=</code><em>PROGRAM</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the specified engine when producing PDF output. Valid values are
<code>pdflatex</code>, <code>lualatex</code>, <code>xelatex</code>,
<code>latexmk</code>, <code>tectonic</code>, <code>wkhtmltopdf</code>,
<code>weasyprint</code>, <code>pagedjs-cli</code>, <code>prince</code>,
<code>context</code>, <code>groff</code>, <code>pdfroff</code>, and
<code>typst</code>. If the engine is not in your PATH, the full path of
the engine may be specified here. If this option is not specified,
pandoc uses the following defaults depending on the output format
specified using <code>-t/--to</code>:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>-t latex</code> or none: <code>pdflatex</code> (other options:
<code>xelatex</code>, <code>lualatex</code>, <code>tectonic</code>,
<code>latexmk</code>)</li>
<li><code>-t context</code>: <code>context</code></li>
<li><code>-t html</code>: <code>weasyprint</code> (other options:
<code>prince</code>, <code>wkhtmltopdf</code>, <code>pagedjs-cli</code>;
see <a href="https://print-css.rocks">print-css.rocks</a> for a good
introduction to PDF generation from HTML/CSS)</li>
<li><code>-t ms</code>: <code>groff</code></li>
<li><code>-t typst</code>: <code>typst</code></li>
</ul>
<p>This option is normally intended to be used when a PDF file is
specified as <code>-o/--output</code>. However, it may still have an
effect when other output formats are requested. For example,
<code>ms</code> output will include <code>.pdfhref</code> macros only if
a <code>--pdf-engine</code> is selected, and the macros will be
differently encoded depending on whether <code>groff</code> or
<code>pdfroff</code> is specified.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--pdf-engine-opt=</code><em>STRING</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the given string as a command-line argument to the
<code>pdf-engine</code>. For example, to use a persistent directory
<code>foo</code> for <code>latexmk</code>’s auxiliary files, use
<code>--pdf-engine-opt=-outdir=foo</code>. Note that no check for
duplicate options is done.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 class="options" id="citation-rendering">Citation rendering</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>-C</code>, <code>--citeproc</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Process the citations in the file, replacing them with rendered
citations and adding a bibliography. Citation processing will not take
place unless bibliographic data is supplied, either through an external
file specified using the <code>--bibliography</code> option or the
<code>bibliography</code> field in metadata, or via a
<code>references</code> section in metadata containing a list of
citations in CSL YAML format with Markdown formatting. The style is
controlled by a <a
href="https://docs.citationstyles.org/en/stable/specification.html">CSL</a>
stylesheet specified using the <code>--csl</code> option or the
<code>csl</code> field in metadata. (If no stylesheet is specified, the
<code>chicago-author-date</code> style will be used by default.) The
citation processing transformation may be applied before or after
filters or Lua filters (see <code>--filter</code>,
<code>--lua-filter</code>): these transformations are applied in the
order they appear on the command line. For more information, see the
section on <a href="#citations">Citations</a>.</p>
<p>Note: if this option is specified, the <code>citations</code>
extension will be disabled automatically in the writer, to ensure that
the citeproc-generated citations will be rendered instead of the
format’s own citation syntax.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--bibliography=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the <code>bibliography</code> field in the document’s metadata to
<em>FILE</em>, overriding any value set in the metadata. If you supply
this argument multiple times, each <em>FILE</em> will be added to
bibliography. If <em>FILE</em> is a URL, it will be fetched via HTTP. If
<em>FILE</em> is not found relative to the working directory, it will be
sought in the resource path (see <code>--resource-path</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--csl=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the <code>csl</code> field in the document’s metadata to
<em>FILE</em>, overriding any value set in the metadata. (This is
equivalent to <code>--metadata csl=FILE</code>.) If <em>FILE</em> is a
URL, it will be fetched via HTTP. If <em>FILE</em> is not found relative
to the working directory, it will be sought in the resource path (see
<code>--resource-path</code>) and finally in the <code>csl</code>
subdirectory of the pandoc user data directory.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--citation-abbreviations=</code><em>FILE</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the <code>citation-abbreviations</code> field in the document’s
metadata to <em>FILE</em>, overriding any value set in the metadata.
(This is equivalent to
<code>--metadata citation-abbreviations=FILE</code>.) If <em>FILE</em>
is a URL, it will be fetched via HTTP. If <em>FILE</em> is not found
relative to the working directory, it will be sought in the resource
path (see <code>--resource-path</code>) and finally in the
<code>csl</code> subdirectory of the pandoc user data directory.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--natbib</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/natbib"><code>natbib</code></a> for
citations in LaTeX output. This option is not for use with the
<code>--citeproc</code> option or with PDF output. It is intended for
use in producing a LaTeX file that can be processed with <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bibtex"><code>bibtex</code></a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--biblatex</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Use <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex"><code>biblatex</code></a>
for citations in LaTeX output. This option is not for use with the
<code>--citeproc</code> option or with PDF output. It is intended for
use in producing a LaTeX file that can be processed with <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/bibtex"><code>bibtex</code></a> or <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biber"><code>biber</code></a>.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 class="options" id="math-rendering-in-html">Math rendering in
HTML</h2>
<p>The default is to render TeX math as far as possible using Unicode
characters. Formulas are put inside a <code>span</code> with
<code>class="math"</code>, so that they may be styled differently from
the surrounding text if needed. However, this gives acceptable results
only for basic math, usually you will want to use <code>--mathjax</code>
or another of the following options.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>--mathjax</code>[<code>=</code><em>URL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Use <a href="https://www.mathjax.org">MathJax</a> to display embedded
TeX math in HTML output. TeX math will be put between
<code>\(...\)</code> (for inline math) or <code>\[...\]</code> (for
display math) and wrapped in <code>&lt;span&gt;</code> tags with class
<code>math</code>. Then the MathJax JavaScript will render it. The
<em>URL</em> should point to the <code>MathJax.js</code> load script. If
a <em>URL</em> is not provided, a link to the Cloudflare CDN will be
inserted.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--mathml</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Convert TeX math to <a href="https://www.w3.org/Math/">MathML</a> (in
<code>epub3</code>, <code>docbook4</code>, <code>docbook5</code>,
<code>jats</code>, <code>html4</code> and <code>html5</code>). This is
the default in <code>odt</code> output. MathML is supported natively by
the main web browsers and select e-book readers.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--webtex</code>[<code>=</code><em>URL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Convert TeX formulas to <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> tags that link to an
external script that converts formulas to images. The formula will be
URL-encoded and concatenated with the URL provided. For SVG images you
can for example use
<code>--webtex https://latex.codecogs.com/svg.latex?</code>. If no URL
is specified, the CodeCogs URL generating PNGs will be used
(<code>https://latex.codecogs.com/png.latex?</code>). Note: the
<code>--webtex</code> option will affect Markdown output as well as
HTML, which is useful if you’re targeting a version of Markdown without
native math support.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--katex</code>[<code>=</code><em>URL</em>]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Use <a href="https://github.com/Khan/KaTeX">KaTeX</a> to display
embedded TeX math in HTML output. The <em>URL</em> is the base URL for
the KaTeX library. That directory should contain a
<code>katex.min.js</code> and a <code>katex.min.css</code> file. If a
<em>URL</em> is not provided, a link to the KaTeX CDN will be
inserted.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--gladtex</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Enclose TeX math in <code>&lt;eq&gt;</code> tags in HTML output. The
resulting HTML can then be processed by <a
href="https://humenda.github.io/GladTeX/">GladTeX</a> to produce SVG
images of the typeset formulas and an HTML file with these images
embedded.</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -s --gladtex input.md -o myfile.htex
gladtex -d image_dir myfile.htex
# produces myfile.html and images in image_dir</code></pre>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 class="options" id="options-for-wrapper-scripts">Options for wrapper
scripts</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>--dump-args[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print information about command-line arguments to <em>stdout</em>,
then exit. This option is intended primarily for use in wrapper scripts.
The first line of output contains the name of the output file specified
with the <code>-o</code> option, or <code>-</code> (for <em>stdout</em>)
if no output file was specified. The remaining lines contain the
command-line arguments, one per line, in the order they appear. These do
not include regular pandoc options and their arguments, but do include
any options appearing after a <code>--</code> separator at the end of
the line.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--ignore-args[=true|false]</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Ignore command-line arguments (for use in wrapper scripts). Regular
pandoc options are not ignored. Thus, for example,</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --ignore-args -o foo.html -s foo.txt -- -e latin1</code></pre>
<p>is equivalent to</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -o foo.html -s</code></pre>
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="exit-codes">Exit codes</h1>
<p>If pandoc completes successfully, it will return exit code 0. Nonzero
exit codes have the following meanings:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: right;">Code</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">Error</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">1</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocIOError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">3</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocFailOnWarningError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">4</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocAppError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">5</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocTemplateError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">6</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocOptionError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">21</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocUnknownReaderError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">22</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocUnknownWriterError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">23</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocUnsupportedExtensionError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">24</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocCiteprocError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">25</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocBibliographyError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">31</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocEpubSubdirectoryError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">43</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocPDFError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">44</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocXMLError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">47</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocPDFProgramNotFoundError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">61</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocHttpError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">62</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocShouldNeverHappenError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">63</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocSomeError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">64</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocParseError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">66</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocMakePDFError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">67</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocSyntaxMapError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">83</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocFilterError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">84</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocLuaError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">89</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocNoScriptingEngine</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">91</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocMacroLoop</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">92</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocUTF8DecodingError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">93</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocIpynbDecodingError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">94</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocUnsupportedCharsetError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">95</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocInputNotTextError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">97</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocCouldNotFindDataFileError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">98</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocCouldNotFindMetadataFileError</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">99</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">PandocResourceNotFound</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="defaults-files">Defaults files</h1>
<p>The <code>--defaults</code> option may be used to specify a package
of options, in the form of a YAML or JSON file. Examples in this section
will be given in YAML, but the equivalent forms in JSON will also
work.</p>
<p>Fields that are omitted will just have their regular default values.
So a defaults file can be as simple as one line:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb18"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb18-1"><a href="#cb18-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">verbosity</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> INFO</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>or in JSON:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre
class="sourceCode json"><code class="sourceCode json"><span id="cb19-1"><a href="#cb19-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">{</span> <span class="dt">&quot;verbosity&quot;</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">&quot;INFO&quot;</span> <span class="fu">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>In fields that expect a file path (or list of file paths), the
following syntax may be used to interpolate environment variables:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb20-1"><a href="#cb20-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">csl</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at">  ${HOME}/mycsldir/special.csl</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p><code>${USERDATA}</code> may also be used; this will always resolve
to the user data directory that is current when the defaults file is
parsed, regardless of the setting of the environment variable
<code>USERDATA</code>.</p>
<p><code>${.}</code> will resolve to the directory containing the
defaults file itself. This allows you to refer to resources contained in
that directory:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb21"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb21-1"><a href="#cb21-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">epub-cover-image</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> ${.}/cover.jpg</span></span>
<span id="cb21-2"><a href="#cb21-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">epub-metadata</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> ${.}/meta.xml</span></span>
<span id="cb21-3"><a href="#cb21-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">resource-path</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb21-4"><a href="#cb21-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> .</span><span class="co">             # the working directory from which pandoc is run</span></span>
<span id="cb21-5"><a href="#cb21-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> ${.}/images</span><span class="co">   # the images subdirectory of the directory</span></span>
<span id="cb21-6"><a href="#cb21-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">                # containing this defaults file</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>This environment variable interpolation syntax <em>only</em> works in
fields that expect file paths.</p>
<p>Defaults files can be placed in the <code>defaults</code>
subdirectory of the user data directory and used from any directory. For
example, one could create a file specifying defaults for writing
letters, save it as <code>letter.yaml</code> in the
<code>defaults</code> subdirectory of the user data directory, and then
invoke these defaults from any directory using
<code>pandoc --defaults letter</code> or
<code>pandoc -dletter</code>.</p>
<p>When multiple defaults are used, their contents will be combined.</p>
<p>Note that, where command-line arguments may be repeated
(<code>--metadata-file</code>, <code>--css</code>,
<code>--include-in-header</code>, <code>--include-before-body</code>,
<code>--include-after-body</code>, <code>--variable</code>,
<code>--metadata</code>, <code>--syntax-definition</code>), the values
specified on the command line will combine with values specified in the
defaults file, rather than replacing them.</p>
<p>The following tables show the mapping between the command line and
defaults file entries.</p>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 48%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">command line</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">defaults file</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>foo.md</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb23-1"><a href="#cb23-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">input-file</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> foo.md</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>foo.md bar.md

</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb25"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb25-1"><a href="#cb25-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">input-files</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb25-2"><a href="#cb25-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> foo.md</span></span>
<span id="cb25-3"><a href="#cb25-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> bar.md</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The value of <code>input-files</code> may be left empty to indicate
input from stdin, and it can be an empty sequence <code>[]</code> for no
input.</p>
<h2 id="general-options-1">General options</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 48%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">command line</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">defaults file</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--from markdown+emoji</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb27-1"><a href="#cb27-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">from</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> markdown+emoji</span></span></code></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb28"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb28-1"><a href="#cb28-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">reader</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> markdown+emoji</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--to markdown+hard_line_breaks</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb30"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb30-1"><a href="#cb30-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">to</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> markdown+hard_line_breaks</span></span></code></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb31"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb31-1"><a href="#cb31-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">writer</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> markdown+hard_line_breaks</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--output foo.pdf</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb33"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb33-1"><a href="#cb33-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">output-file</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> foo.pdf</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--output -</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb35"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb35-1"><a href="#cb35-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">output-file</span><span class="kw">:</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--data-dir dir</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb37"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb37-1"><a href="#cb37-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">data-dir</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> dir</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--defaults file</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb39"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb39-1"><a href="#cb39-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">defaults</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb39-2"><a href="#cb39-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> file</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--verbose</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb41"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb41-1"><a href="#cb41-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">verbosity</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> INFO</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--quiet</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb43"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb43-1"><a href="#cb43-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">verbosity</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> ERROR</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--fail-if-warnings</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb45"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb45-1"><a href="#cb45-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">fail-if-warnings</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--sandbox</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb47"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb47-1"><a href="#cb47-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">sandbox</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--log=FILE</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb49"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb49-1"><a href="#cb49-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">log-file</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> FILE</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Options specified in a defaults file itself always have priority over
those in another file included with a <code>defaults:</code> entry.</p>
<p><code>verbosity</code> can have the values <code>ERROR</code>,
<code>WARNING</code>, or <code>INFO</code>.</p>
<h2 id="reader-options-1">Reader options</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 48%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">command line</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">defaults file</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--shift-heading-level-by -1</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb51"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb51-1"><a href="#cb51-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">shift-heading-level-by</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="dv">-1</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--indented-code-classes python
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb53"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb53-1"><a href="#cb53-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">indented-code-classes</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb53-2"><a href="#cb53-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> python</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--default-image-extension &quot;.jpg&quot;</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb55"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb55-1"><a href="#cb55-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">default-image-extension</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="st">&#39;.jpg&#39;</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--file-scope</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb57"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb57-1"><a href="#cb57-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">file-scope</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--citeproc \
 --lua-filter count-words.lua \
 --filter special.lua

</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb59"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb59-1"><a href="#cb59-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">filters</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb59-2"><a href="#cb59-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> citeproc</span></span>
<span id="cb59-3"><a href="#cb59-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> count-words.lua</span></span>
<span id="cb59-4"><a href="#cb59-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="fu">type</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> json</span></span>
<span id="cb59-5"><a href="#cb59-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">    </span><span class="fu">path</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> special.lua</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--metadata key=value \
 --metadata key2
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb61"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb61-1"><a href="#cb61-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">metadata</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb61-2"><a href="#cb61-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">key</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> value</span></span>
<span id="cb61-3"><a href="#cb61-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">key2</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--metadata-file meta.yaml
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb63"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb63-1"><a href="#cb63-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">metadata-files</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb63-2"><a href="#cb63-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> meta.yaml</span></span></code></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb64"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb64-1"><a href="#cb64-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">metadata-file</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> meta.yaml</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--preserve-tabs</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb66"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb66-1"><a href="#cb66-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">preserve-tabs</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--tab-stop 8</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb68"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb68-1"><a href="#cb68-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">tab-stop</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="dv">8</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--track-changes accept</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb70"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb70-1"><a href="#cb70-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">track-changes</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> accept</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--extract-media dir</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb72"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb72-1"><a href="#cb72-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">extract-media</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> dir</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--abbreviations abbrevs.txt</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb74"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb74-1"><a href="#cb74-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">abbreviations</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> abbrevs.txt</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--typst-input foo=bar
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb76"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb76-1"><a href="#cb76-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">typst-inputs</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb76-2"><a href="#cb76-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">foo</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> bar</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--trace</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb78"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb78-1"><a href="#cb78-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">trace</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Metadata values specified in a defaults file are parsed as literal
string text, not Markdown.</p>
<p>Filters will be assumed to be Lua filters if they have the
<code>.lua</code> extension, and JSON filters otherwise. But the filter
type can also be specified explicitly, as shown. Filters are run in the
order specified. To include the built-in citeproc filter, use either
<code>citeproc</code> or <code>{type: citeproc}</code>.</p>
<h2 id="general-writer-options-1">General writer options</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 48%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">command line</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">defaults file</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--standalone</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb80"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb80-1"><a href="#cb80-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">standalone</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--template letter</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb82"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb82-1"><a href="#cb82-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">template</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> letter</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--variable key=val \
  --variable key2
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb84"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb84-1"><a href="#cb84-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">variables</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb84-2"><a href="#cb84-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">key</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> val</span></span>
<span id="cb84-3"><a href="#cb84-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">key2</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--eol nl</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb86"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb86-1"><a href="#cb86-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">eol</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> nl</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--dpi 300</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb88"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb88-1"><a href="#cb88-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">dpi</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="dv">300</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--wrap preserve</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb90"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb90-1"><a href="#cb90-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">wrap</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="st">&quot;preserve&quot;</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--columns 72</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb92"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb92-1"><a href="#cb92-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">columns</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="dv">72</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--table-of-contents</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb94"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb94-1"><a href="#cb94-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">table-of-contents</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--toc</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb96"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb96-1"><a href="#cb96-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">toc</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--toc-depth 3</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb98"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb98-1"><a href="#cb98-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">toc-depth</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="dv">3</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--strip-comments</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb100"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb100-1"><a href="#cb100-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">strip-comments</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--no-highlight</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb102"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb102-1"><a href="#cb102-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">syntax-highlighting</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="st">&#39;none&#39;</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--syntax-highlighting kate</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb104"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb104-1"><a href="#cb104-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">syntax-highlighting</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> kate</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--syntax-definition mylang.xml
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb106"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb106-1"><a href="#cb106-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">syntax-definitions</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb106-2"><a href="#cb106-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> mylang.xml</span></span></code></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb107"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb107-1"><a href="#cb107-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">syntax-definition</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> mylang.xml</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--include-in-header inc.tex
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb109"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb109-1"><a href="#cb109-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">include-in-header</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb109-2"><a href="#cb109-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> inc.tex</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--include-before-body inc.tex
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb111"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb111-1"><a href="#cb111-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">include-before-body</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb111-2"><a href="#cb111-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> inc.tex</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--include-after-body inc.tex
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb113"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb113-1"><a href="#cb113-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">include-after-body</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb113-2"><a href="#cb113-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> inc.tex</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--resource-path .:foo</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb115"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb115-1"><a href="#cb115-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">resource-path</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="kw">[</span><span class="st">&#39;.&#39;</span><span class="kw">,</span><span class="st">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="kw">]</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--request-header foo:bar
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb117"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb117-1"><a href="#cb117-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">request-headers</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb117-2"><a href="#cb117-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="kw">[</span><span class="st">&quot;User-Agent&quot;</span><span class="kw">,</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="st">&quot;Mozilla/5.0&quot;</span><span class="kw">]</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--no-check-certificate</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb119"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb119-1"><a href="#cb119-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">no-check-certificate</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="options-affecting-specific-writers-1">Options affecting specific
writers</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 48%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">command line</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">defaults file</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--self-contained</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb121"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb121-1"><a href="#cb121-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">self-contained</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--link-images</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb123"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb123-1"><a href="#cb123-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">link-images</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--html-q-tags</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb125"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb125-1"><a href="#cb125-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">html-q-tags</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--ascii</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb127"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb127-1"><a href="#cb127-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ascii</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--reference-links</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb129"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb129-1"><a href="#cb129-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">reference-links</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--reference-location block</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb131"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb131-1"><a href="#cb131-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">reference-location</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> block</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--figure-caption-position=above</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb133"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb133-1"><a href="#cb133-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">figure-caption-position</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> above</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--table-caption-position=below</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb135"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb135-1"><a href="#cb135-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">table-caption-position</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> below</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--markdown-headings atx</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb137"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb137-1"><a href="#cb137-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">markdown-headings</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> atx</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--list-tables</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb139"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb139-1"><a href="#cb139-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">list-tables</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--top-level-division chapter</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb141"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb141-1"><a href="#cb141-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">top-level-division</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> chapter</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--number-sections</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb143"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb143-1"><a href="#cb143-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">number-sections</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--number-offset=1,4</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb145"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb145-1"><a href="#cb145-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">number-offset</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> \[1,4\]</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--listings</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb147"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb147-1"><a href="#cb147-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">listings</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--list-of-figures</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb149"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb149-1"><a href="#cb149-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">list-of-figures</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--lof</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb151"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb151-1"><a href="#cb151-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">lof</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--list-of-tables</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb153"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb153-1"><a href="#cb153-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">list-of-tables</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--lot</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb155"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb155-1"><a href="#cb155-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">lot</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--incremental</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb157"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb157-1"><a href="#cb157-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">incremental</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--slide-level 2</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb159"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb159-1"><a href="#cb159-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">slide-level</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="dv">2</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--section-divs</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb161"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb161-1"><a href="#cb161-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">section-divs</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--email-obfuscation references</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb163"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb163-1"><a href="#cb163-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">email-obfuscation</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> references</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--id-prefix ch1</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb165"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb165-1"><a href="#cb165-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">identifier-prefix</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> ch1</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--title-prefix MySite</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb167"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb167-1"><a href="#cb167-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">title-prefix</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> MySite</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--css styles/screen.css  \
  --css styles/special.css
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb169"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb169-1"><a href="#cb169-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">css</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb169-2"><a href="#cb169-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> styles/screen.css</span></span>
<span id="cb169-3"><a href="#cb169-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> styles/special.css</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--reference-doc my.docx</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb171"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb171-1"><a href="#cb171-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">reference-doc</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> my.docx</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--epub-cover-image cover.jpg</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb173"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb173-1"><a href="#cb173-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">epub-cover-image</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> cover.jpg</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--epub-title-page=false</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb175"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb175-1"><a href="#cb175-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">epub-title-page</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">false</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--epub-metadata meta.xml</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb177"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb177-1"><a href="#cb177-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">epub-metadata</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> meta.xml</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--epub-embed-font special.otf \
  --epub-embed-font headline.otf
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb179"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb179-1"><a href="#cb179-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">epub-fonts</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb179-2"><a href="#cb179-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> special.otf</span></span>
<span id="cb179-3"><a href="#cb179-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> headline.otf</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--split-level 2</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb181"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb181-1"><a href="#cb181-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">split-level</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="dv">2</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--chunk-template=&quot;%i.html&quot;</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb183"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb183-1"><a href="#cb183-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">chunk-template</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="st">&quot;%i.html&quot;</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--epub-subdirectory=&quot;&quot;</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb185"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb185-1"><a href="#cb185-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">epub-subdirectory</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="st">&#39;&#39;</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--ipynb-output best</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb187"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb187-1"><a href="#cb187-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ipynb-output</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> best</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--pdf-engine xelatex</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb189"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb189-1"><a href="#cb189-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">pdf-engine</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> xelatex</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--pdf-engine-opt=--shell-escape
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb191"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb191-1"><a href="#cb191-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">pdf-engine-opts</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb191-2"><a href="#cb191-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="kw">-</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="st">&#39;-shell-escape&#39;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb192"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb192-1"><a href="#cb192-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">pdf-engine-opt</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="st">&#39;-shell-escape&#39;</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="citation-rendering-1">Citation rendering</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 48%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">command line</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">defaults file</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--citeproc</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb194"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb194-1"><a href="#cb194-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">citeproc</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--bibliography logic.bib</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb196"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb196-1"><a href="#cb196-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">bibliography</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> logic.bib</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--csl ieee.csl</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb198"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb198-1"><a href="#cb198-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">csl</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> ieee.csl</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--citation-abbreviations ab.json</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb200"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb200-1"><a href="#cb200-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">citation-abbreviations</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> ab.json</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--natbib</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb202"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb202-1"><a href="#cb202-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">cite-method</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> natbib</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--biblatex</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb204"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb204-1"><a href="#cb204-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">cite-method</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> biblatex</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><code>cite-method</code> can be <code>citeproc</code>,
<code>natbib</code>, or <code>biblatex</code>. This only affects LaTeX
output. If you want to use citeproc to format citations, you should also
set ‘citeproc: true’.</p>
<p>If you need control over when the citeproc processing is done
relative to other filters, you should instead use <code>citeproc</code>
in the list of <code>filters</code> (see <a
href="#reader-options-1">Reader options</a>).</p>
<h2 id="math-rendering-in-html-1">Math rendering in HTML</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 48%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">command line</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">defaults file</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--mathjax
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb206"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb206-1"><a href="#cb206-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">html-math-method</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb206-2"><a href="#cb206-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">method</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> mathjax</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--mathml
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb208"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb208-1"><a href="#cb208-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">html-math-method</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb208-2"><a href="#cb208-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">method</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> mathml</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--webtex
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb210"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb210-1"><a href="#cb210-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">html-math-method</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb210-2"><a href="#cb210-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">method</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> webtex</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--katex
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb212"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb212-1"><a href="#cb212-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">html-math-method</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb212-2"><a href="#cb212-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">method</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> katex</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--gladtex
</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb214"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb214-1"><a href="#cb214-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">html-math-method</span><span class="kw">:</span></span>
<span id="cb214-2"><a href="#cb214-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">  </span><span class="fu">method</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> gladtex</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In addition to the values listed above, <code>method</code> can have
the value <code>plain</code>.</p>
<p>If the command line option accepts a URL argument, an
<code>url:</code> field can be added to
<code>html-math-method:</code>.</p>
<h2 id="options-for-wrapper-scripts-1">Options for wrapper scripts</h2>
<table style="width:99%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 48%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">command line</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">defaults file</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--dump-args</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb216"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb216-1"><a href="#cb216-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">dump-args</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><pre><code>--ignore-args</code></pre></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><div class="sourceCode" id="cb218"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb218-1"><a href="#cb218-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ignore-args</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="ch">true</span></span></code></pre></div></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="templates">Templates</h1>
<p>When the <code>-s/--standalone</code> option is used, pandoc uses a
template to add header and footer material that is needed for a
self-standing document. To see the default template that is used, just
type</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -D *FORMAT*</code></pre>
<p>where <em>FORMAT</em> is the name of the output format. A custom
template can be specified using the <code>--template</code> option. You
can also override the system default templates for a given output format
<em>FORMAT</em> by putting a file
<code>templates/default.*FORMAT*</code> in the user data directory (see
<code>--data-dir</code>, above). <em>Exceptions:</em></p>
<ul>
<li>For <code>odt</code> output, customize the
<code>default.opendocument</code> template.</li>
<li>For <code>docx</code> output, customize the
<code>default.openxml</code> template.</li>
<li>For <code>pdf</code> output, customize the
<code>default.latex</code> template (or the <code>default.context</code>
template, if you use <code>-t context</code>, or the
<code>default.ms</code> template, if you use <code>-t ms</code>, or the
<code>default.html</code> template, if you use
<code>-t html</code>).</li>
<li><code>pptx</code> has no template.</li>
</ul>
<p>Note that <code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>, and <code>pptx</code>
output can also be customized using <code>--reference-doc</code>. Use a
reference doc to adjust the styles in your document; use a template to
handle variable interpolation and customize the presentation of
metadata, the position of the table of contents, boilerplate text,
etc.</p>
<p>Templates contain <em>variables</em>, which allow for the inclusion
of arbitrary information at any point in the file. They may be set at
the command line using the <code>-V/--variable</code> option. If a
variable is not set, pandoc will look for the key in the document’s
metadata, which can be set using either <a
href="#extension-yaml_metadata_block">YAML metadata blocks</a> or with
the <code>-M/--metadata</code> option. In addition, some variables are
given default values by pandoc. See <a href="#variables">Variables</a>
below for a list of variables used in pandoc’s default templates.</p>
<p>If you use custom templates, you may need to revise them as pandoc
changes. We recommend tracking the changes in the default templates, and
modifying your custom templates accordingly. An easy way to do this is
to fork the <a
href="https://github.com/jgm/pandoc-templates">pandoc-templates</a>
repository and merge in changes after each pandoc release.</p>
<h2 id="template-syntax">Template syntax</h2>
<h3 id="comments">Comments</h3>
<p>Anything between the sequence <code>$--</code> and the end of the
line will be treated as a comment and omitted from the output.</p>
<h3 id="delimiters">Delimiters</h3>
<p>To mark variables and control structures in the template, either
<code>$</code>…<code>$</code> or <code>${</code>…<code>}</code> may be
used as delimiters. The styles may also be mixed in the same template,
but the opening and closing delimiter must match in each case. The
opening delimiter may be followed by one or more spaces or tabs, which
will be ignored. The closing delimiter may be preceded by one or more
spaces or tabs, which will be ignored.</p>
<p>To include a literal <code>$</code> in the document, use
<code>$$</code>.</p>
<h3 id="interpolated-variables">Interpolated variables</h3>
<p>A slot for an interpolated variable is a variable name surrounded by
matched delimiters. Variable names must begin with a letter and can
contain letters, numbers, <code>_</code>, <code>-</code>, and
<code>.</code>. The keywords <code>it</code>, <code>if</code>,
<code>else</code>, <code>endif</code>, <code>for</code>,
<code>sep</code>, and <code>endfor</code> may not be used as variable
names. Examples:</p>
<pre><code>$foo$
$foo.bar.baz$
$foo_bar.baz-bim$
$ foo $
${foo}
${foo.bar.baz}
${foo_bar.baz-bim}
${ foo }</code></pre>
<p>Variable names with periods are used to get at structured variable
values. So, for example, <code>employee.salary</code> will return the
value of the <code>salary</code> field of the object that is the value
of the <code>employee</code> field.</p>
<ul>
<li>If the value of the variable is a simple value, it will be rendered
verbatim. (Note that no escaping is done; the assumption is that the
calling program will escape the strings appropriately for the output
format.)</li>
<li>If the value is a list, the values will be concatenated.</li>
<li>If the value is a map, the string <code>true</code> will be
rendered.</li>
<li>Every other value will be rendered as the empty string.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="conditionals">Conditionals</h3>
<p>A conditional begins with <code>if(variable)</code> (enclosed in
matched delimiters) and ends with <code>endif</code> (enclosed in
matched delimiters). It may optionally contain an <code>else</code>
(enclosed in matched delimiters). The <code>if</code> section is used if
<code>variable</code> has a true value, otherwise the <code>else</code>
section is used (if present). The following values count as true:</p>
<ul>
<li>any map</li>
<li>any array containing at least one true value</li>
<li>any nonempty string</li>
<li>boolean True</li>
</ul>
<p>Note that in YAML metadata (and metadata specified on the command
line using <code>-M/--metadata</code>), unquoted <code>true</code> and
<code>false</code> will be interpreted as Boolean values. But a variable
specified on the command line using <code>-V/--variable</code> will
always be given a string value. Hence a conditional <code>if(foo)</code>
will be triggered if you use <code>-V foo=false</code>, but not if you
use <code>-M foo=false</code>.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<pre><code>$if(foo)$bar$endif$

$if(foo)$
  $foo$
$endif$

$if(foo)$
part one
$else$
part two
$endif$

${if(foo)}bar${endif}

${if(foo)}
  ${foo}
${endif}

${if(foo)}
${ foo.bar }
${else}
no foo!
${endif}</code></pre>
<p>The keyword <code>elseif</code> may be used to simplify complex
nested conditionals:</p>
<pre><code>$if(foo)$
XXX
$elseif(bar)$
YYY
$else$
ZZZ
$endif$</code></pre>
<h3 id="for-loops">For loops</h3>
<p>A for loop begins with <code>for(variable)</code> (enclosed in
matched delimiters) and ends with <code>endfor</code> (enclosed in
matched delimiters).</p>
<ul>
<li>If <code>variable</code> is an array, the material inside the loop
will be evaluated repeatedly, with <code>variable</code> being set to
each value of the array in turn, and concatenated.</li>
<li>If <code>variable</code> is a map, the material inside will be set
to the map.</li>
<li>If the value of the associated variable is not an array or a map, a
single iteration will be performed on its value.</li>
</ul>
<p>Examples:</p>
<pre><code>$for(foo)$$foo$$sep$, $endfor$

$for(foo)$
  - $foo.last$, $foo.first$
$endfor$

${ for(foo.bar) }
  - ${ foo.bar.last }, ${ foo.bar.first }
${ endfor }

$for(mymap)$
$it.name$: $it.office$
$endfor$</code></pre>
<p>You may optionally specify a separator between consecutive values
using <code>sep</code> (enclosed in matched delimiters). The material
between <code>sep</code> and the <code>endfor</code> is the
separator.</p>
<pre><code>${ for(foo) }${ foo }${ sep }, ${ endfor }</code></pre>
<p>Instead of using <code>variable</code> inside the loop, the special
anaphoric keyword <code>it</code> may be used.</p>
<pre><code>${ for(foo.bar) }
  - ${ it.last }, ${ it.first }
${ endfor }</code></pre>
<h3 id="partials">Partials</h3>
<p>Partials (subtemplates stored in different files) may be included by
using the name of the partial, followed by <code>()</code>, for
example:</p>
<pre><code>${ styles() }</code></pre>
<p>Partials will be sought in the directory containing the main
template. The file name will be assumed to have the same extension as
the main template if it lacks an extension. When calling the partial,
the full name including file extension can also be used:</p>
<pre><code>${ styles.html() }</code></pre>
<p>(If a partial is not found in the directory of the template and the
template path is given as a relative path, it will also be sought in the
<code>templates</code> subdirectory of the user data directory.)</p>
<p>Partials may optionally be applied to variables using a colon:</p>
<pre><code>${ date:fancy() }

${ articles:bibentry() }</code></pre>
<p>If <code>articles</code> is an array, this will iterate over its
values, applying the partial <code>bibentry()</code> to each one. So the
second example above is equivalent to</p>
<pre><code>${ for(articles) }
${ it:bibentry() }
${ endfor }</code></pre>
<p>Note that the anaphoric keyword <code>it</code> must be used when
iterating over partials. In the above examples, the
<code>bibentry</code> partial should contain <code>it.title</code> (and
so on) instead of <code>articles.title</code>.</p>
<p>Final newlines are omitted from included partials.</p>
<p>Partials may include other partials.</p>
<p>A separator between values of an array may be specified in square
brackets, immediately after the variable name or partial:</p>
<pre><code>${months[, ]}

${articles:bibentry()[; ]}</code></pre>
<p>The separator in this case is literal and (unlike with
<code>sep</code> in an explicit <code>for</code> loop) cannot contain
interpolated variables or other template directives.</p>
<h3 id="nesting">Nesting</h3>
<p>To ensure that content is “nested,” that is, subsequent lines
indented, use the <code>^</code> directive:</p>
<pre><code>$item.number$  $^$$item.description$ ($item.price$)</code></pre>
<p>In this example, if <code>item.description</code> has multiple lines,
they will all be indented to line up with the first line:</p>
<pre><code>00123  A fine bottle of 18-year old
       Oban whiskey. ($148)</code></pre>
<p>To nest multiple lines to the same level, align them with the
<code>^</code> directive in the template. For example:</p>
<pre><code>$item.number$  $^$$item.description$ ($item.price$)
               (Available til $item.sellby$.)</code></pre>
<p>will produce</p>
<pre><code>00123  A fine bottle of 18-year old
       Oban whiskey. ($148)
       (Available til March 30, 2020.)</code></pre>
<p>If a variable occurs by itself on a line, preceded by whitespace and
not followed by further text or directives on the same line, and the
variable’s value contains multiple lines, it will be nested
automatically.</p>
<h3 id="breakable-spaces">Breakable spaces</h3>
<p>Normally, spaces in the template itself (as opposed to values of the
interpolated variables) are not breakable, but they can be made
breakable in part of the template by using the <code>~</code> keyword
(ended with another <code>~</code>).</p>
<pre><code>$~$This long line may break if the document is rendered
with a short line length.$~$</code></pre>
<h3 id="pipes">Pipes</h3>
<p>A pipe transforms the value of a variable or partial. Pipes are
specified using a slash (<code>/</code>) between the variable name (or
partial) and the pipe name. Example:</p>
<pre><code>$for(name)$
$name/uppercase$
$endfor$

$for(metadata/pairs)$
- $it.key$: $it.value$
$endfor$

$employee:name()/uppercase$</code></pre>
<p>Pipes may be chained:</p>
<pre><code>$for(employees/pairs)$
$it.key/alpha/uppercase$. $it.name$
$endfor$</code></pre>
<p>Some pipes take parameters:</p>
<pre><code>|----------------------|------------|
$for(employee)$
$it.name.first/uppercase/left 20 &quot;| &quot;$$it.name.salary/right 10 &quot; | &quot; &quot; |&quot;$
$endfor$
|----------------------|------------|</code></pre>
<p>Currently the following pipes are predefined:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><code>pairs</code>: Converts a map or array to an array of maps,
each with <code>key</code> and <code>value</code> fields. If the
original value was an array, the <code>key</code> will be the array
index, starting with 1.</p></li>
<li><p><code>uppercase</code>: Converts text to uppercase.</p></li>
<li><p><code>lowercase</code>: Converts text to lowercase.</p></li>
<li><p><code>length</code>: Returns the length of the value: number of
characters for a textual value, number of elements for a map or
array.</p></li>
<li><p><code>reverse</code>: Reverses a textual value or array, and has
no effect on other values.</p></li>
<li><p><code>first</code>: Returns the first value of an array, if
applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original
value.</p></li>
<li><p><code>last</code>: Returns the last value of an array, if applied
to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original value.</p></li>
<li><p><code>rest</code>: Returns all but the first value of an array,
if applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original
value.</p></li>
<li><p><code>allbutlast</code>: Returns all but the last value of an
array, if applied to a non-empty array; otherwise returns the original
value.</p></li>
<li><p><code>chomp</code>: Removes trailing newlines (and breakable
space).</p></li>
<li><p><code>nowrap</code>: Disables line wrapping on breakable
spaces.</p></li>
<li><p><code>alpha</code>: Converts textual values that can be read as
an integer into lowercase alphabetic characters <code>a..z</code> (mod
26). This can be used to get lettered enumeration from array indices. To
get uppercase letters, chain with <code>uppercase</code>.</p></li>
<li><p><code>roman</code>: Converts textual values that can be read as
an integer into lowercase roman numerals. This can be used to get
lettered enumeration from array indices. To get uppercase roman, chain
with <code>uppercase</code>.</p></li>
<li><p><code>left n "leftborder" "rightborder"</code>: Renders a textual
value in a block of width <code>n</code>, aligned to the left, with an
optional left and right border. Has no effect on other values. This can
be used to align material in tables. Widths are positive integers
indicating the number of characters. Borders are strings inside double
quotes; literal <code>"</code> and <code>\</code> characters must be
backslash-escaped.</p></li>
<li><p><code>right n "leftborder" "rightborder"</code>: Renders a
textual value in a block of width <code>n</code>, aligned to the right,
and has no effect on other values.</p></li>
<li><p><code>center n "leftborder" "rightborder"</code>: Renders a
textual value in a block of width <code>n</code>, aligned to the center,
and has no effect on other values.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="variables">Variables</h2>
<h3 id="metadata-variables">Metadata variables</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>title</code>, <code>author</code>, <code>date</code></dt>
<dd>
allow identification of basic aspects of the document. Included in PDF
metadata through LaTeX and ConTeXt. These can be set through a <a
href="#extension-pandoc_title_block">pandoc title block</a>, which
allows for multiple authors, or through a <a
href="#extension-yaml_metadata_block">YAML metadata block</a>:
<pre><code>---
author:
- Aristotle
- Peter Abelard
...</code></pre>
Note that if you just want to set PDF or HTML metadata, without
including a title block in the document itself, you can set the
<code>title-meta</code>, <code>author-meta</code>, and
<code>date-meta</code> variables. (By default these are set
automatically, based on <code>title</code>, <code>author</code>, and
<code>date</code>.) The page title in HTML is set by
<code>pagetitle</code>, which is equal to <code>title</code> by default.
</dd>
<dt><code>subtitle</code></dt>
<dd>
document subtitle, included in HTML, EPUB, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and docx
documents
</dd>
<dt><code>abstract</code></dt>
<dd>
document summary, included in HTML, LaTeX, ConTeXt, AsciiDoc, and docx
documents
</dd>
<dt><code>abstract-title</code></dt>
<dd>
title of abstract, currently used only in HTML, EPUB, docx, and Typst.
This will be set automatically to a localized value, depending on
<code>lang</code>, but can be manually overridden.
</dd>
<dt><code>keywords</code></dt>
<dd>
list of keywords to be included in HTML, PDF, ODT, pptx, docx and
AsciiDoc metadata; repeat as for <code>author</code>, above
</dd>
<dt><code>subject</code></dt>
<dd>
document subject, included in ODT, PDF, docx, EPUB, and pptx metadata
</dd>
<dt><code>description</code></dt>
<dd>
document description, included in ODT, docx and pptx metadata. Some
applications show this as <code>Comments</code> metadata.
</dd>
<dt><code>category</code></dt>
<dd>
document category, included in docx and pptx metadata
</dd>
</dl>
<p>Additionally, any root-level string metadata, not included in ODT,
docx or pptx metadata is added as a <em>custom property</em>. The
following <a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html"
title="YAML v1.2 Spec">YAML</a> metadata block for instance:</p>
<pre><code>---
title:  &#39;This is the title&#39;
subtitle: &quot;This is the subtitle&quot;
author:
- Author One
- Author Two
description: |
    This is a long
    description.

    It consists of two paragraphs
...</code></pre>
<p>will include <code>title</code>, <code>author</code> and
<code>description</code> as standard document properties and
<code>subtitle</code> as a custom property when converting to docx, ODT
or pptx.</p>
<h3 id="language-variables">Language variables</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>lang</code></dt>
<dd>
identifies the main language of the document using IETF language tags
(following the <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47">BCP 47</a>
standard), such as <code>en</code> or <code>en-GB</code>. The <a
href="https://r12a.github.io/app-subtags/">Language subtag lookup</a>
tool can look up or verify these tags. This affects most formats, and
controls hyphenation in PDF output when using LaTeX (through <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/babel"><code>babel</code></a> and <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/polyglossia"><code>polyglossia</code></a>) or
ConTeXt.
Use native pandoc <a href="#divs-and-spans">Divs and Spans</a> with the
<code>lang</code> attribute to switch the language:
<pre><code>---
lang: en-GB
...

Text in the main document language (British English).

::: {lang=fr-CA}
&gt; Cette citation est écrite en français canadien.
:::

More text in English. [&#39;Zitat auf Deutsch.&#39;]{lang=de}</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>dir</code></dt>
<dd>
the base script direction, either <code>rtl</code> (right-to-left) or
<code>ltr</code> (left-to-right).
For bidirectional documents, native pandoc <code>span</code>s and
<code>div</code>s with the <code>dir</code> attribute (value
<code>rtl</code> or <code>ltr</code>) can be used to override the base
direction in some output formats. This may not always be necessary if
the final renderer (e.g. the browser, when generating HTML) supports the
<a
href="https://www.w3.org/International/articles/inline-bidi-markup/uba-basics">Unicode
Bidirectional Algorithm</a>.
When using LaTeX for bidirectional documents, only the
<code>xelatex</code> engine is fully supported (use
<code>--pdf-engine=xelatex</code>).
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-html">Variables for HTML</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>document-css</code></dt>
<dd>
Enables inclusion of most of the <a
href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS">CSS</a> in the
<code>styles.html</code> <a href="#partials">partial</a> (have a look
with
<code>pandoc --print-default-data-file=templates/styles.html</code>).
Unless you use <code>--css</code>, this variable is set to
<code>true</code> by default. You can disable it with
e.g. <code>pandoc -M document-css=false</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfont</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>font-family</code> property on the <code>html</code>
element.
</dd>
<dt><code>fontsize</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the base CSS <code>font-size</code>, which you’d usually set to
e.g. <code>20px</code>, but it also accepts <code>pt</code> (12pt = 16px
in most browsers).
</dd>
<dt><code>fontcolor</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>color</code> property on the <code>html</code>
element.
</dd>
<dt><code>linkcolor</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>color</code> property on all links.
</dd>
<dt><code>monofont</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>font-family</code> property on <code>code</code>
elements.
</dd>
<dt><code>monobackgroundcolor</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>background-color</code> property on <code>code</code>
elements and adds extra padding.
</dd>
<dt><code>linestretch</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>line-height</code> property on the <code>html</code>
element, which is preferred to be unitless.
</dd>
<dt><code>maxwidth</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>max-width</code> property (default is 36em).
</dd>
<dt><code>backgroundcolor</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the CSS <code>background-color</code> property on the
<code>html</code> element.
</dd>
<dt><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>,
<code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the corresponding CSS <code>padding</code> properties on the
<code>body</code> element.
</dd>
</dl>
<p>To override or extend some <a
href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS">CSS</a> for
just one document, include for example:</p>
<pre><code>---
header-includes: |
  &lt;style&gt;
  blockquote {
    font-style: italic;
  }
  tr.even {
    background-color: #f0f0f0;
  }
  td, th {
    padding: 0.5em 2em 0.5em 0.5em;
  }
  tbody {
    border-bottom: none;
  }
  &lt;/style&gt;
---</code></pre>
<h3 id="variables-for-html-math">Variables for HTML math</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>classoption</code></dt>
<dd>
when using <code>--katex</code>, you can render display math equations
flush left using <a href="#layout">YAML metadata</a> or with
<code>-M classoption=fleqn</code>.
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-html-slides">Variables for HTML slides</h3>
<p>These affect HTML output when <a href="#slide-shows">producing slide
shows with pandoc</a>.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>institute</code></dt>
<dd>
author affiliations: can be a list when there are multiple authors
</dd>
<dt><code>revealjs-url</code></dt>
<dd>
base URL for reveal.js documents (defaults to
<code>https://unpkg.com/reveal.js@^5</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>s5-url</code></dt>
<dd>
base URL for S5 documents (defaults to <code>s5/default</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>slidy-url</code></dt>
<dd>
base URL for Slidy documents (defaults to
<code>https://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy2</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>slideous-url</code></dt>
<dd>
base URL for Slideous documents (defaults to <code>slideous</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>title-slide-attributes</code></dt>
<dd>
additional attributes for the title slide of reveal.js slide shows. See
<a href="#background-in-reveal.js-beamer-and-pptx">background in
reveal.js, beamer, and pptx</a> for an example.
</dd>
<dt><code>highlightjs-theme</code></dt>
<dd>
highlight.js theme for code highlighting when using
<code>--syntax-highlighting=idiomatic</code> with reveal.js (defaults to
<code>monokai</code>). See the <a
href="https://highlightjs.org/demo">highlight.js demo page</a> for
available themes.
</dd>
</dl>
<p>All <a href="https://revealjs.com/config/">reveal.js configuration
options</a> are available as variables. To turn off boolean flags that
default to true in reveal.js, use <code>0</code>.</p>
<h3 id="variables-for-beamer-slides">Variables for Beamer slides</h3>
<p>These variables change the appearance of PDF slides using <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/beamer"><code>beamer</code></a>.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>aspectratio</code></dt>
<dd>
slide aspect ratio (<code>43</code> for 4:3 [default], <code>169</code>
for 16:9, <code>1610</code> for 16:10, <code>149</code> for 14:9,
<code>141</code> for 1.41:1, <code>54</code> for 5:4, <code>32</code>
for 3:2)
</dd>
<dt><code>beameroption</code></dt>
<dd>
add extra beamer option with <code>\setbeameroption{}</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>institute</code></dt>
<dd>
author affiliations: can be a list when there are multiple authors
</dd>
<dt><code>logo</code></dt>
<dd>
logo image for slides
</dd>
<dt><code>logooptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options for logo image (e.g., <code>width</code>, <code>height</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>navigation</code></dt>
<dd>
controls navigation symbols (default is <code>empty</code> for no
navigation symbols; other valid values are <code>frame</code>,
<code>vertical</code>, and <code>horizontal</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>section-titles</code></dt>
<dd>
enables “title pages” for new sections (default is true)
</dd>
<dt><code>theme</code>, <code>colortheme</code>, <code>fonttheme</code>,
<code>innertheme</code>, <code>outertheme</code></dt>
<dd>
beamer themes
</dd>
<dt><code>themeoptions</code>, <code>colorthemeoptions</code>,
<code>fontthemeoptions</code>, <code>innerthemeoptions</code>,
<code>outerthemeoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options for LaTeX beamer themes (lists)
</dd>
<dt><code>titlegraphic</code></dt>
<dd>
image for title slide: can be a list
</dd>
<dt><code>titlegraphicoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options for title slide image (e.g., <code>width</code>,
<code>height</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>shorttitle</code>, <code>shortsubtitle</code>,
<code>shortauthor</code>, <code>shortinstitute</code>,
<code>shortdate</code></dt>
<dd>
some beamer themes use short versions of the title, subtitle, author,
institute, date
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-powerpoint">Variables for PowerPoint</h3>
<p>These variables control the visual aspects of a slide show that are
not easily controlled via templates.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>monofont</code></dt>
<dd>
font to use for code.
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-latex">Variables for LaTeX</h3>
<p>Pandoc uses these variables when <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a
PDF</a> with a LaTeX engine.</p>
<h4 id="layout">Layout</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>block-headings</code></dt>
<dd>
make <code>\paragraph</code> and <code>\subparagraph</code> (fourth- and
fifth-level headings, or fifth- and sixth-level with book classes)
free-standing rather than run-in; requires further formatting to
distinguish from <code>\subsubsection</code> (third- or fourth-level
headings). Instead of using this option, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/koma-script">KOMA-Script</a> can adjust
headings more extensively:
<pre><code>---
documentclass: scrartcl
header-includes: |
  \RedeclareSectionCommand[
    beforeskip=-10pt plus -2pt minus -1pt,
    afterskip=1sp plus -1sp minus 1sp,
    font=\normalfont\itshape]{paragraph}
  \RedeclareSectionCommand[
    beforeskip=-10pt plus -2pt minus -1pt,
    afterskip=1sp plus -1sp minus 1sp,
    font=\normalfont\scshape,
    indent=0pt]{subparagraph}
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>classoption</code></dt>
<dd>
option for document class, e.g. <code>oneside</code>; repeat for
multiple options:
<pre><code>---
classoption:
- twocolumn
- landscape
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>documentclass</code></dt>
<dd>
document class: usually one of the standard classes, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/article"><code>article</code></a>, <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/book"><code>book</code></a>, and <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/report"><code>report</code></a>; the <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/koma-script">KOMA-Script</a> equivalents,
<code>scrartcl</code>, <code>scrbook</code>, and <code>scrreprt</code>,
which default to smaller margins; or <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/memoir"><code>memoir</code></a>
</dd>
<dt><code>geometry</code></dt>
<dd>
option for <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/geometry"><code>geometry</code></a> package,
e.g. <code>margin=1in</code>; repeat for multiple options:
<pre><code>---
geometry:
- top=30mm
- left=20mm
- heightrounded
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>shorthands</code></dt>
<dd>
Enable language-specific shorthands when loading <code>babel</code>. (By
default, pandoc includes <code>shorthands=off</code> when loading
<code>babel</code>, disabling language-specific shorthands.)
</dd>
<dt><code>hyperrefoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
option for <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/hyperref"><code>hyperref</code></a> package,
e.g. <code>linktoc=all</code>; repeat for multiple options:
<pre><code>---
hyperrefoptions:
- linktoc=all
- pdfwindowui
- pdfpagemode=FullScreen
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>indent</code></dt>
<dd>
if true, pandoc will use document class settings for indentation (the
default LaTeX template otherwise removes indentation and adds space
between paragraphs)
</dd>
<dt><code>linestretch</code></dt>
<dd>
adjusts line spacing using the <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/setspace"><code>setspace</code></a> package,
e.g. <code>1.25</code>, <code>1.5</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>,
<code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></dt>
<dd>
sets margins if <code>geometry</code> is not used (otherwise
<code>geometry</code> overrides these)
</dd>
<dt><code>pagestyle</code></dt>
<dd>
control <code>\pagestyle{}</code>: the default article class supports
<code>plain</code> (default), <code>empty</code> (no running heads or
page numbers), and <code>headings</code> (section titles in running
heads)
</dd>
<dt><code>papersize</code></dt>
<dd>
paper size, e.g. <code>letter</code>, <code>a4</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>secnumdepth</code></dt>
<dd>
numbering depth for sections (with <code>--number-sections</code> option
or <code>numbersections</code> variable)
</dd>
<dt><code>beamerarticle</code></dt>
<dd>
produce an article from Beamer slides. Note: if you set this variable,
you must specify the beamer writer but use the default <em>LaTeX</em>
template: for example,
<code>pandoc -Vbeamerarticle -t beamer --template default.latex</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>handout</code></dt>
<dd>
produce a handout version of Beamer slides (with overlays condensed into
single slides)
</dd>
<dt><code>csquotes</code></dt>
<dd>
load <code>csquotes</code> package and use <code>\enquote</code> or
<code>\enquote*</code> for quoted text.
</dd>
<dt><code>csquotesoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options to use for <code>csquotes</code> package (repeat for multiple
options).
</dd>
<dt><code>babeloptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options to pass to the babel package (may be repeated for multiple
options). This defaults to <code>provide=*</code> if the main language
isn’t a European language written with Latin or Cyrillic script or
Vietnamese. Most users will not need to adjust the default setting.
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 id="fonts">Fonts</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>fontenc</code></dt>
<dd>
allows font encoding to be specified through <code>fontenc</code>
package (with <code>pdflatex</code>); default is <code>T1</code> (see <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/encguide">LaTeX font encodings guide</a>)
</dd>
<dt><code>fontfamily</code></dt>
<dd>
font package for use with <code>pdflatex</code>: <a
href="https://www.tug.org/texlive/">TeX Live</a> includes many options,
documented in the <a href="https://tug.org/FontCatalogue/">LaTeX Font
Catalogue</a>. The default is <a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/lm">Latin
Modern</a>.
</dd>
<dt><code>fontfamilyoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options for package used as <code>fontfamily</code>; repeat for multiple
options. For example, to use the Libertine font with proportional
lowercase (old-style) figures through the <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/libertinus"><code>libertinus</code></a>
package:
<pre><code>---
fontfamily: libertinus
fontfamilyoptions:
- osf
- p
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>fontsize</code></dt>
<dd>
font size for body text. The standard classes allow 10pt, 11pt, and
12pt. To use another size, set <code>documentclass</code> to one of the
<a href="https://ctan.org/pkg/koma-script">KOMA-Script</a> classes, such
as <code>scrartcl</code> or <code>scrbook</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>, <code>monofont</code>,
<code>mathfont</code>, <code>CJKmainfont</code>,
<code>CJKsansfont</code>, <code>CJKmonofont</code></dt>
<dd>
font families for use with <code>xelatex</code> or
<code>lualatex</code>: take the name of any system font, using the <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fontspec"><code>fontspec</code></a> package.
<code>CJKmainfont</code> uses the <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xecjk"><code>xecjk</code></a> package if
<code>xelatex</code> is used, or the <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/luatexja"><code>luatexja</code></a> package
if <code>lualatex</code> is used.
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfontoptions</code>, <code>sansfontoptions</code>,
<code>monofontoptions</code>, <code>mathfontoptions</code>,
<code>CJKoptions</code>, <code>luatexjapresetoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options to use with <code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>,
<code>monofont</code>, <code>mathfont</code>, <code>CJKmainfont</code>
in <code>xelatex</code> and <code>lualatex</code>. Allow for any choices
available through <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/fontspec"><code>fontspec</code></a>; repeat
for multiple options. For example, to use the <a
href="http://www.gust.org.pl/projects/e-foundry/tex-gyre">TeX Gyre</a>
version of Palatino with lowercase figures:
<pre><code>---
mainfont: TeX Gyre Pagella
mainfontoptions:
- Numbers=Lowercase
- Numbers=Proportional
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfontfallback</code>, <code>sansfontfallback</code>,
<code>monofontfallback</code></dt>
<dd>
fonts to try if a glyph isn’t found in <code>mainfont</code>,
<code>sansfont</code>, or <code>monofont</code> respectively. These are
lists. The font name must be followed by a colon and optionally a set of
options, for example:
<pre><code>---
mainfontfallback:
  - &quot;FreeSans:&quot;
  - &quot;NotoColorEmoji:mode=harf&quot;
...</code></pre>
Font fallbacks currently only work with <code>lualatex</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>babelfonts</code></dt>
<dd>
a map of Babel language names (e.g. <code>chinese</code>) to the font to
be used with the language:
<pre><code>---
babelfonts:
  chinese-hant: &quot;Noto Serif CJK TC&quot;
  russian: &quot;Noto Serif&quot;
...</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>microtypeoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
options to pass to the microtype package
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 id="links">Links</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>colorlinks</code></dt>
<dd>
add color to link text; automatically enabled if any of
<code>linkcolor</code>, <code>filecolor</code>, <code>citecolor</code>,
<code>urlcolor</code>, or <code>toccolor</code> are set
</dd>
<dt><code>boxlinks</code></dt>
<dd>
add visible box around links (has no effect if <code>colorlinks</code>
is set)
</dd>
<dt><code>linkcolor</code>, <code>filecolor</code>,
<code>citecolor</code>, <code>urlcolor</code>,
<code>toccolor</code></dt>
<dd>
color for internal links, external links, citation links, linked URLs,
and links in table of contents, respectively: uses options allowed by <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/xcolor"><code>xcolor</code></a>, including
the <code>dvipsnames</code>, <code>svgnames</code>, and
<code>x11names</code> lists
</dd>
<dt><code>links-as-notes</code></dt>
<dd>
causes links to be printed as footnotes
</dd>
<dt><code>urlstyle</code></dt>
<dd>
style for URLs (e.g., <code>tt</code>, <code>rm</code>, <code>sf</code>,
and, the default, <code>same</code>)
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 id="front-matter">Front matter</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>lof</code>, <code>lot</code></dt>
<dd>
include list of figures, list of tables (can also be set using
<code>--lof/--list-of-figures</code>,
<code>--lot/--list-of-tables</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>thanks</code></dt>
<dd>
contents of acknowledgments footnote after document title
</dd>
<dt><code>toc</code></dt>
<dd>
include table of contents (can also be set using
<code>--toc/--table-of-contents</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>toc-depth</code></dt>
<dd>
level of section to include in table of contents
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 id="biblatex-bibliographies">BibLaTeX Bibliographies</h4>
<p>These variables function when using BibLaTeX for <a
href="#citation-rendering">citation rendering</a>.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>biblatexoptions</code></dt>
<dd>
list of options for biblatex
</dd>
<dt><code>biblio-style</code></dt>
<dd>
bibliography style, when used with <code>--natbib</code> and
<code>--biblatex</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>biblio-title</code></dt>
<dd>
bibliography title, when used with <code>--natbib</code> and
<code>--biblatex</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>bibliography</code></dt>
<dd>
bibliography to use for resolving references
</dd>
<dt><code>natbiboptions</code></dt>
<dd>
list of options for natbib
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 id="other">Other</h4>
<dl>
<dt><code>pdf-trailer-id</code></dt>
<dd>
the PDF trailer ID; must be two PDF byte strings if set, conventionally
with 16 bytes each. E.g.,
<code>&lt;00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff&gt; &lt;00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff&gt;</code>.
See the section on <a href="#reproducible-builds">reproducible
builds</a>.
</dd>
<dt><code>pdfstandard</code></dt>
<dd>
PDF standard(s) for the document, e.g. <code>ua-2</code>,
<code>a-4f</code>. Supports PDF/A, PDF/X, and PDF/UA variants. Requires
LuaLaTeX and LaTeX 2023+. Repeat for multiple standards:
<pre><code>---
pdfstandard:
- ua-2
- a-4f
...</code></pre>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-context">Variables for ConTeXt</h3>
<p>Pandoc uses these variables when <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a
PDF</a> with ConTeXt.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>fontsize</code></dt>
<dd>
font size for body text (e.g. <code>10pt</code>, <code>12pt</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>headertext</code>, <code>footertext</code></dt>
<dd>
text to be placed in running header or footer (see <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Document_layout_and_layers/Headers_and_footers">ConTeXt
Headers and Footers</a>); repeat up to four times for different
placement
</dd>
<dt><code>indenting</code></dt>
<dd>
controls indentation of paragraphs, e.g. <code>yes,small,next</code>
(see <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Text_blocks/Typography/Indentation">ConTeXt
Indentation</a>); repeat for multiple options
</dd>
<dt><code>interlinespace</code></dt>
<dd>
adjusts line spacing, e.g. <code>4ex</code> (using <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Command/setupinterlinespace"><code>setupinterlinespace</code></a>);
repeat for multiple options
</dd>
<dt><code>layout</code></dt>
<dd>
options for page margins and text arrangement (see <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Document_layout_and_layers/Tutorials">ConTeXt
Layout</a>); repeat for multiple options
</dd>
<dt><code>linkcolor</code>, <code>contrastcolor</code></dt>
<dd>
color for links outside and inside a page, e.g. <code>red</code>,
<code>blue</code> (see <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Color">ConTeXt Color</a>)
</dd>
<dt><code>linkstyle</code></dt>
<dd>
typeface style for links, e.g. <code>normal</code>, <code>bold</code>,
<code>slanted</code>, <code>boldslanted</code>, <code>type</code>,
<code>cap</code>, <code>small</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>lof</code>, <code>lot</code></dt>
<dd>
include list of figures, list of tables
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfont</code>, <code>sansfont</code>, <code>monofont</code>,
<code>mathfont</code></dt>
<dd>
font families: take the name of any system font (see <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Characters_words_and_fonts/Tutorials">ConTeXt
Font Switching</a>)
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfontfallback</code>, <code>sansfontfallback</code>,
<code>monofontfallback</code></dt>
<dd>
list of fonts to try, in order, if a glyph is not found in the main
font. Use <code>\definefallbackfamily</code>-compatible font name
syntax. Emoji fonts are unsupported.
</dd>
<dt><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>,
<code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></dt>
<dd>
sets margins, if <code>layout</code> is not used (otherwise
<code>layout</code> overrides these)
</dd>
<dt><code>pagenumbering</code></dt>
<dd>
page number style and location (using <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Command/setuppagenumbering"><code>setuppagenumbering</code></a>);
repeat for multiple options
</dd>
<dt><code>papersize</code></dt>
<dd>
paper size, e.g. <code>letter</code>, <code>A4</code>,
<code>landscape</code> (see <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Document_layout_and_layers/Paper_setup">ConTeXt
Paper Setup</a>); repeat for multiple options
</dd>
<dt><code>pdfa</code></dt>
<dd>
adds to the preamble the setup necessary to generate PDF/A of the type
specified, e.g. <code>1a:2005</code>, <code>2a</code>. If no type is
specified (i.e. the value is set to True, by e.g.
<code>--metadata=pdfa</code> or <code>pdfa: true</code> in a YAML
metadata block), <code>1b:2005</code> will be used as default, for
reasons of backwards compatibility. Using <code>--variable=pdfa</code>
without specified value is not supported. To successfully generate PDF/A
the required ICC color profiles have to be available and the content and
all included files (such as images) have to be standard-conforming. The
ICC profiles and output intent may be specified using the variables
<code>pdfaiccprofile</code> and <code>pdfaintent</code>. See also <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Input_and_compilation/PDF/PDFA">ConTeXt
PDFA</a> for more details.
</dd>
<dt><code>pdfaiccprofile</code></dt>
<dd>
when used in conjunction with <code>pdfa</code>, specifies the ICC
profile to use in the PDF, e.g. <code>default.cmyk</code>. If left
unspecified, <code>sRGB.icc</code> is used as default. May be repeated
to include multiple profiles. Note that the profiles have to be
available on the system. They can be obtained from <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Input_and_compilation/PDF/PDFX#ICC_profiles">ConTeXt
ICC Profiles</a>.
</dd>
<dt><code>pdfaintent</code></dt>
<dd>
when used in conjunction with <code>pdfa</code>, specifies the output
intent for the colors,
e.g. <code>ISO coated v2 300\letterpercent\space (ECI)</code> If left
unspecified, <code>sRGB IEC61966-2.1</code> is used as default.
</dd>
<dt><code>toc</code></dt>
<dd>
include table of contents (can also be set using
<code>--toc/--table-of-contents</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>urlstyle</code></dt>
<dd>
typeface style for links without link text, e.g. <code>normal</code>,
<code>bold</code>, <code>slanted</code>, <code>boldslanted</code>,
<code>type</code>, <code>cap</code>, <code>small</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>whitespace</code></dt>
<dd>
spacing between paragraphs, e.g. <code>none</code>, <code>small</code>
(using <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Command/setupwhitespace"><code>setupwhitespace</code></a>)
</dd>
<dt><code>includesource</code></dt>
<dd>
include all source documents as file attachments in the PDF file
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-wkhtmltopdf">Variables for
<code>wkhtmltopdf</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc uses these variables when <a href="#creating-a-pdf">creating a
PDF</a> with <a
href="https://wkhtmltopdf.org"><code>wkhtmltopdf</code></a>. The
<code>--css</code> option also affects the output.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>footer-html</code>, <code>header-html</code></dt>
<dd>
add information to the header and footer
</dd>
<dt><code>margin-left</code>, <code>margin-right</code>,
<code>margin-top</code>, <code>margin-bottom</code></dt>
<dd>
set the page margins
</dd>
<dt><code>papersize</code></dt>
<dd>
sets the PDF paper size
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-man-pages">Variables for man pages</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>adjusting</code></dt>
<dd>
adjusts text to left (<code>l</code>), right (<code>r</code>), center
(<code>c</code>), or both (<code>b</code>) margins
</dd>
<dt><code>footer</code></dt>
<dd>
footer in man pages
</dd>
<dt><code>header</code></dt>
<dd>
header in man pages
</dd>
<dt><code>section</code></dt>
<dd>
section number in man pages
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-texinfo">Variables for Texinfo</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>version</code></dt>
<dd>
version of software (used in title and title page)
</dd>
<dt><code>filename</code></dt>
<dd>
name of info file to be generated (defaults to a name based on the texi
filename)
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-typst">Variables for Typst</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>template</code></dt>
<dd>
Typst template to use (relative path only).
</dd>
<dt><code>margin</code></dt>
<dd>
A dictionary with the fields defined in the Typst documentation:
<code>x</code>, <code>y</code>, <code>top</code>, <code>bottom</code>,
<code>left</code>, <code>right</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>papersize</code></dt>
<dd>
Paper size: <code>a4</code>, <code>us-letter</code>, etc.
</dd>
<dt><code>mainfont</code></dt>
<dd>
Name of system font to use for the main font.
</dd>
<dt><code>fontsize</code></dt>
<dd>
Font size (e.g., <code>12pt</code>).
</dd>
<dt><code>section-numbering</code></dt>
<dd>
Schema to use for numbering sections, e.g. <code>1.A.1</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>page-numbering</code></dt>
<dd>
Schema to use for numbering pages, e.g. <code>1</code> or
<code>i</code>, or an empty string to omit page numbering.
</dd>
<dt><code>columns</code></dt>
<dd>
Number of columns for body text.
</dd>
<dt><code>thanks</code></dt>
<dd>
contents of acknowledgments footnote after document title
</dd>
<dt><code>mathfont</code>, <code>codefont</code></dt>
<dd>
Name of system font to use for math and code, respectively.
</dd>
<dt><code>linestretch</code></dt>
<dd>
adjusts line spacing, e.g. <code>1.25</code>, <code>1.5</code>
</dd>
<dt><code>linkcolor</code>, <code>filecolor</code>,
<code>citecolor</code></dt>
<dd>
color for external links, internal links, and citation links,
respectively: expects a hexadecimal color code
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-for-ms">Variables for ms</h3>
<dl>
<dt><code>fontfamily</code></dt>
<dd>
<code>A</code> (Avant Garde), <code>B</code> (Bookman), <code>C</code>
(Helvetica), <code>HN</code> (Helvetica Narrow), <code>P</code>
(Palatino), or <code>T</code> (Times New Roman). This setting does not
affect source code, which is always displayed using monospace Courier.
These built-in fonts are limited in their coverage of characters.
Additional fonts may be installed using the script <a
href="https://www.schaffter.ca/mom/bin/install-font.sh"><code>install-font.sh</code></a>
provided by Peter Schaffter and documented in detail on <a
href="https://www.schaffter.ca/mom/momdoc/appendices.html#steps">his web
site</a>.
</dd>
<dt><code>indent</code></dt>
<dd>
paragraph indent (e.g. <code>2m</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>lineheight</code></dt>
<dd>
line height (e.g. <code>12p</code>)
</dd>
<dt><code>pointsize</code></dt>
<dd>
point size (e.g. <code>10p</code>)
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="variables-set-automatically">Variables set automatically</h3>
<p>Pandoc sets these variables automatically in response to <a
href="#options">options</a> or document contents; users can also modify
them. These vary depending on the output format, and include the
following:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>body</code></dt>
<dd>
body of document
</dd>
<dt><code>date-meta</code></dt>
<dd>
the <code>date</code> variable converted to ISO 8601 YYYY-MM-DD,
included in all HTML based formats (dzslides, epub, html, html4, html5,
revealjs, s5, slideous, slidy). The recognized formats for
<code>date</code> are: <code>mm/dd/yyyy</code>, <code>mm/dd/yy</code>,
<code>yyyy-mm-dd</code> (ISO 8601), <code>dd MM yyyy</code> (e.g. either
<code>02 Apr 2018</code> or <code>02 April 2018</code>),
<code>MM dd, yyyy</code> (e.g. <code>Apr. 02, 2018</code> or
<code>April 02, 2018),</code>yyyy[mm[dd]]<code>(e.g.</code>20180402,
<code>201804</code> or <code>2018</code>).
</dd>
<dt><code>header-includes</code></dt>
<dd>
contents specified by <code>-H/--include-in-header</code> (may have
multiple values)
</dd>
<dt><code>include-before</code></dt>
<dd>
contents specified by <code>-B/--include-before-body</code> (may have
multiple values)
</dd>
<dt><code>include-after</code></dt>
<dd>
contents specified by <code>-A/--include-after-body</code> (may have
multiple values)
</dd>
<dt><code>meta-json</code></dt>
<dd>
JSON representation of all of the document’s metadata. Field values are
transformed to the selected output format.
</dd>
<dt><code>numbersections</code></dt>
<dd>
non-null value if <code>-N/--number-sections</code> was specified
</dd>
<dt><code>sourcefile</code>, <code>outputfile</code></dt>
<dd>
source and destination filenames, as given on the command line.
<code>sourcefile</code> can also be a list if input comes from multiple
files, or empty if input is from stdin. You can use the following
snippet in your template to distinguish them:
<pre><code>$if(sourcefile)$
$for(sourcefile)$
$sourcefile$
$endfor$
$else$
(stdin)
$endif$</code></pre>
Similarly, <code>outputfile</code> can be <code>-</code> if output goes
to the terminal.
If you need absolute paths, use e.g. <code>$curdir$/$sourcefile$</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>pdf-engine</code></dt>
<dd>
name of PDF engine if provided using <code>--pdf-engine</code>, or the
default engine for the format if PDF output is requested.
</dd>
<dt><code>curdir</code></dt>
<dd>
working directory from which pandoc is run.
</dd>
<dt><code>pandoc-version</code></dt>
<dd>
pandoc version.
</dd>
<dt><code>toc</code></dt>
<dd>
non-null value if <code>--toc/--table-of-contents</code> was specified
</dd>
<dt><code>toc-title</code></dt>
<dd>
title of table of contents (works only with EPUB, HTML, revealjs,
opendocument, odt, docx, pptx, beamer, LaTeX). Note that in docx and
pptx a custom <code>toc-title</code> will be picked up from metadata,
but cannot be set as a variable.
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="extensions">Extensions</h1>
<p>The behavior of some of the readers and writers can be adjusted by
enabling or disabling various extensions.</p>
<p>An extension can be enabled by adding <code>+EXTENSION</code> to the
format name and disabled by adding <code>-EXTENSION</code>. For example,
<code>--from markdown_strict+footnotes</code> is strict Markdown with
footnotes enabled, while
<code>--from markdown-footnotes-pipe_tables</code> is pandoc’s Markdown
without footnotes or pipe tables.</p>
<p>The Markdown reader and writer make by far the most use of
extensions. Extensions only used by them are therefore covered in the
section <a href="#pandocs-markdown">Pandoc’s Markdown</a> below (see <a
href="#markdown-variants">Markdown variants</a> for
<code>commonmark</code> and <code>gfm</code>). In the following,
extensions that also work for other formats are covered.</p>
<p>Note that Markdown extensions added to the <code>ipynb</code> format
affect Markdown cells in Jupyter notebooks (as do command-line options
like <code>--markdown-headings</code>).</p>
<h2 id="typography">Typography</h2>
<h3 id="extension-smart">Extension: <code>smart</code></h3>
<p>Interpret straight quotes as curly quotes, <code>---</code> as
em-dashes, <code>--</code> as en-dashes, and <code>...</code> as
ellipses. Nonbreaking spaces are inserted after certain abbreviations,
such as “Mr.”</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>commonmark</code>, <code>latex</code>,
<code>mediawiki</code>, <code>org</code>, <code>rst</code>,
<code>twiki</code>, <code>html</code>
</dd>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code>,
<code>org</code>, <code>rst</code>
</dd>
<dt>enabled by default in</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>context</code> (both
input and output)
</dd>
</dl>
<p>Note: If you are <em>writing</em> Markdown, then the
<code>smart</code> extension has the reverse effect: what would have
been curly quotes comes out straight.</p>
<p>In LaTeX, <code>smart</code> means to use the standard TeX ligatures
for quotation marks (<code>``</code> and <code>''</code> for double
quotes, <code>`</code> and <code>'</code> for single quotes) and dashes
(<code>--</code> for en-dash and <code>---</code> for em-dash). If
<code>smart</code> is disabled, then in reading LaTeX pandoc will parse
these characters literally. In writing LaTeX, enabling
<code>smart</code> tells pandoc to use the ligatures when possible; if
<code>smart</code> is disabled pandoc will use unicode quotation mark
and dash characters.</p>
<h2 id="headings-and-sections">Headings and sections</h2>
<h3 id="extension-auto_identifiers">Extension:
<code>auto_identifiers</code></h3>
<p>A heading without an explicitly specified identifier will be
automatically assigned a unique identifier based on the heading
text.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>latex</code>, <code>rst</code>,
<code>mediawiki</code>, <code>textile</code>, <code>man</code>
</dd>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>muse</code>
</dd>
<dt>enabled by default in</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>muse</code>, <code>man</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>The default algorithm used to derive the identifier from the heading
text is:</p>
<ul>
<li>Remove all formatting, links, etc.</li>
<li>Remove all footnotes.</li>
<li>Remove all non-alphanumeric characters, except underscores, hyphens,
and periods.</li>
<li>Replace all spaces and newlines with hyphens.</li>
<li>Convert all alphabetic characters to lowercase.</li>
<li>Remove everything up to the first letter (identifiers may not begin
with a number or punctuation mark).</li>
<li>If nothing is left after this, use the identifier
<code>section</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Thus, for example,</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">Heading</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">Identifier</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="text-align: left;"><code>Heading identifiers in HTML</code></td>
<td
style="text-align: left;"><code>heading-identifiers-in-html</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>Maître d'hôtel</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>maître-dhôtel</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>*Dogs*?--in *my* house?</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>dogs--in-my-house</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>[HTML], [S5], or [RTF]?</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>html-s5-or-rtf</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>3. Applications</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>applications</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>33</code></td>
<td style="text-align: left;"><code>section</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>These rules should, in most cases, allow one to determine the
identifier from the heading text. The exception is when several headings
have the same text; in this case, the first will get an identifier as
described above; the second will get the same identifier with
<code>-1</code> appended; the third with <code>-2</code>; and so on.</p>
<p>(However, a different algorithm is used if
<code>gfm_auto_identifiers</code> is enabled; see below.)</p>
<p>These identifiers are used to provide link targets in the table of
contents generated by the <code>--toc|--table-of-contents</code> option.
They also make it easy to provide links from one section of a document
to another. A link to this section, for example, might look like
this:</p>
<pre><code>See the section on
[heading identifiers](#heading-identifiers-in-html-latex-and-context).</code></pre>
<p>Note, however, that this method of providing links to sections works
only in HTML, LaTeX, and ConTeXt formats.</p>
<p>If the <code>--section-divs</code> option is specified, then each
section will be wrapped in a <code>section</code> (or a
<code>div</code>, if <code>html4</code> was specified), and the
identifier will be attached to the enclosing
<code>&lt;section&gt;</code> (or <code>&lt;div&gt;</code>) tag rather
than the heading itself. This allows entire sections to be manipulated
using JavaScript or treated differently in CSS.</p>
<h3 id="extension-ascii_identifiers">Extension:
<code>ascii_identifiers</code></h3>
<p>Causes the identifiers produced by <code>auto_identifiers</code> to
be pure ASCII. Accents are stripped off of accented Latin letters, and
non-Latin letters are omitted.</p>
<h3 id="extension-gfm_auto_identifiers">Extension:
<code>gfm_auto_identifiers</code></h3>
<p>Changes the algorithm used by <code>auto_identifiers</code> to
conform to GitHub’s method. Spaces are converted to dashes
(<code>-</code>), uppercase characters to lowercase characters, and
punctuation characters other than <code>-</code> and <code>_</code> are
removed. Emojis are replaced by their names.</p>
<h2 id="math-input">Math Input</h2>
<p>The extensions <a
href="#extension-tex_math_dollars"><code>tex_math_dollars</code></a>, <a
href="#extension-tex_math_gfm"><code>tex_math_gfm</code></a>, <a
href="#extension-tex_math_single_backslash"><code>tex_math_single_backslash</code></a>,
and <a
href="#extension-tex_math_double_backslash"><code>tex_math_double_backslash</code></a>
are described in the section about Pandoc’s Markdown.</p>
<p>However, they can also be used with HTML input. This is handy for
reading web pages formatted using MathJax, for example.</p>
<h2 id="raw-htmltex">Raw HTML/TeX</h2>
<p>The following extensions are described in more detail in their
respective sections of <a href="#pandocs-markdown">Pandoc’s
Markdown</a>:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><a href="#extension-raw_html"><code>raw_html</code></a> allows
HTML elements which are not representable in pandoc’s AST to be parsed
as raw HTML. By default, this is disabled for HTML input.</p></li>
<li><p><a href="#extension-raw_tex"><code>raw_tex</code></a> allows raw
LaTeX, TeX, and ConTeXt to be included in a document. This extension can
be enabled/disabled for the following formats (in addition to
<code>markdown</code>):</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>latex</code>, <code>textile</code>, <code>html</code>
(environments, <code>\ref</code>, and <code>\eqref</code> only),
<code>ipynb</code>
</dd>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>textile</code>, <code>commonmark</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>Note: as applied to <code>ipynb</code>, <code>raw_html</code> and
<code>raw_tex</code> affect not only raw TeX in Markdown cells, but data
with mime type <code>text/html</code> in output cells. Since the
<code>ipynb</code> reader attempts to preserve the richest possible
outputs when several options are given, you will get best results if you
disable <code>raw_html</code> and <code>raw_tex</code> when converting
to formats like <code>docx</code> which don’t allow raw
<code>html</code> or <code>tex</code>.</p></li>
<li><p><a href="#extension-native_divs"><code>native_divs</code></a>
causes HTML <code>div</code> elements to be parsed as native pandoc Div
blocks. If you want them to be parsed as raw HTML, use
<code>-f html-native_divs+raw_html</code>.</p></li>
<li><p><a href="#extension-native_spans"><code>native_spans</code></a>
causes HTML <code>span</code> elements to be parsed as native pandoc
Span inlines. If you want them to be parsed as raw HTML, use
<code>-f html-native_spans+raw_html</code>. If you want to drop all
<code>div</code>s and <code>span</code>s when converting HTML to
Markdown, you can use
<code>pandoc -f html-native_divs-native_spans -t markdown</code>.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="literate-haskell-support">Literate Haskell support</h2>
<h3 id="extension-literate_haskell">Extension:
<code>literate_haskell</code></h3>
<p>Treat the document as literate Haskell source.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>rst</code>, <code>latex</code>
</dd>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>markdown</code>, <code>rst</code>, <code>latex</code>,
<code>html</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>If you append <code>+lhs</code> (or <code>+literate_haskell</code>)
to one of the formats above, pandoc will treat the document as literate
Haskell source. This means that</p>
<ul>
<li><p>In Markdown input, “bird track” sections will be parsed as
Haskell code rather than block quotations. Text between
<code>\begin{code}</code> and <code>\end{code}</code> will also be
treated as Haskell code. For ATX-style headings the character ‘=’ will
be used instead of ‘#’.</p></li>
<li><p>In Markdown output, code blocks with classes <code>haskell</code>
and <code>literate</code> will be rendered using bird tracks, and block
quotations will be indented one space, so they will not be treated as
Haskell code. In addition, headings will be rendered setext-style (with
underlines) rather than ATX-style (with ‘#’ characters). (This is
because ghc treats ‘#’ characters in column 1 as introducing line
numbers.)</p></li>
<li><p>In restructured text input, “bird track” sections will be parsed
as Haskell code.</p></li>
<li><p>In restructured text output, code blocks with class
<code>haskell</code> will be rendered using bird tracks.</p></li>
<li><p>In LaTeX input, text in <code>code</code> environments will be
parsed as Haskell code.</p></li>
<li><p>In LaTeX output, code blocks with class <code>haskell</code> will
be rendered inside <code>code</code> environments.</p></li>
<li><p>In HTML output, code blocks with class <code>haskell</code> will
be rendered with class <code>literatehaskell</code> and bird
tracks.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Examples:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f markdown+lhs -t html</code></pre>
<p>reads literate Haskell source formatted with Markdown conventions and
writes ordinary HTML (without bird tracks).</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -f markdown+lhs -t html+lhs</code></pre>
<p>writes HTML with the Haskell code in bird tracks, so it can be copied
and pasted as literate Haskell source.</p>
<p>Note that GHC expects the bird tracks in the first column, so
indented literate code blocks (e.g. inside an itemized environment) will
not be picked up by the Haskell compiler.</p>
<h2 id="other-extensions">Other extensions</h2>
<h3 id="extension-empty_paragraphs">Extension:
<code>empty_paragraphs</code></h3>
<p>Allows empty paragraphs. By default empty paragraphs are omitted.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>docx</code>, <code>html</code>
</dd>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>docx</code>, <code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>,
<code>html</code>, <code>latex</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="extension-native_numbering">Extension:
<code>native_numbering</code></h3>
<p>Enables native numbering of figures and tables. Enumeration starts at
1.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>, <code>docx</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="extension-xrefs_name">Extension: <code>xrefs_name</code></h3>
<p>Links to headings, figures and tables inside the document are
substituted with cross-references that will use the name or caption of
the referenced item. The original link text is replaced once the
generated document is refreshed. This extension can be combined with
<code>xrefs_number</code> in which case numbers will appear before the
name.</p>
<p>Text in cross-references is only made consistent with the referenced
item once the document has been refreshed.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="extension-xrefs_number">Extension:
<code>xrefs_number</code></h3>
<p>Links to headings, figures and tables inside the document are
substituted with cross-references that will use the number of the
referenced item. The original link text is discarded. This extension can
be combined with <code>xrefs_name</code> in which case the name or
caption numbers will appear after the number.</p>
<p>For the <code>xrefs_number</code> to be useful heading numbers must
be enabled in the generated document, also table and figure captions
must be enabled using for example the <code>native_numbering</code>
extension.</p>
<p>Numbers in cross-references are only visible in the final document
once it has been refreshed.</p>
<p>This extension can be enabled/disabled for the following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>output formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>odt</code>, <code>opendocument</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="ext-styles">Extension: <code>styles</code></h3>
<p>When converting from docx, add <code>custom-styles</code> attributes
for all docx styles, regardless of whether pandoc understands the
meanings of these styles. Because attributes cannot be added directly to
paragraphs or text in the pandoc AST, paragraph styles will cause Divs
to be created and character styles will cause Spans to be created to
hold the attributes. (Table styles will be added to the Table elements
directly.) This extension can be used with <a href="#custom-styles">docx
custom styles</a>.</p>
<dl>
<dt>input formats</dt>
<dd>
<code>docx</code>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="extension-amuse">Extension: <code>amuse</code></h3>
<p>In the <code>muse</code> input format, this enables Text::Amuse
extensions to Emacs Muse markup.</p>
<h3 id="extension-raw_markdown">Extension:
<code>raw_markdown</code></h3>
<p>In the <code>ipynb</code> input format, this causes Markdown cells to
be included as raw Markdown blocks (allowing lossless round-tripping)
rather than being parsed. Use this only when you are targeting
<code>ipynb</code> or a Markdown-based output format.</p>
<h3 id="typst-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code> (typst)</h3>
<p>When the <code>citations</code> extension is enabled in
<code>typst</code> (as it is by default), <code>typst</code> citations
will be parsed as native pandoc citations, and native pandoc citations
will be rendered as <code>typst</code> citations.</p>
<h3 id="org-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code> (org)</h3>
<p>When the <code>citations</code> extension is enabled in
<code>org</code>, org-cite and org-ref style citations will be parsed as
native pandoc citations, and org-cite citations will be used to render
native pandoc citations.</p>
<h3 id="docx-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code> (docx)</h3>
<p>When <code>citations</code> is enabled in <code>docx</code>,
citations inserted by Zotero or Mendeley or EndNote plugins will be
parsed as native pandoc citations. (Otherwise, the formatted citations
generated by the bibliographic software will be parsed as regular
text.)</p>
<h3 id="org-fancy-lists">Extension: <code>fancy_lists</code> (org)</h3>
<p>Some aspects of <a href="#extension-fancy_lists">Pandoc’s Markdown
fancy lists</a> are also accepted in <code>org</code> input, mimicking
the option <code>org-list-allow-alphabetical</code> in Emacs. As in Org
Mode, enabling this extension allows lowercase and uppercase
alphabetical markers for ordered lists to be parsed in addition to
arabic ones. Note that for Org, this does not include roman numerals or
the <code>#</code> placeholder that are enabled by the extension in
Pandoc’s Markdown.</p>
<h3 id="extension-element_citations">Extension:
<code>element_citations</code></h3>
<p>In the <code>jats</code> output formats, this causes reference items
to be replaced with <code>&lt;element-citation&gt;</code> elements.
These elements are not influenced by CSL styles, but all information on
the item is included in tags.</p>
<h3 id="extension-ntb">Extension: <code>ntb</code></h3>
<p>In the <code>context</code> output format this enables the use of <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/TABLE">Natural Tables (TABLE)</a>
instead of the default <a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/xtables">Extreme Tables
(xtables)</a>. Natural tables allow more fine-grained global
customization but come at a performance penalty compared to extreme
tables.</p>
<h3 id="extension-smart_quotes-org">Extension: <code>smart_quotes</code>
(org)</h3>
<p>Interpret straight quotes as curly quotes during parsing. When
<em>writing</em> Org, then the <code>smart_quotes</code> extension has
the reverse effect: what would have been curly quotes comes out
straight.</p>
<p>This extension is implied if <code>smart</code> is enabled.</p>
<h3 id="extension-special_strings-org">Extension:
<code>special_strings</code> (org)</h3>
<p>Interpret <code>---</code> as em-dashes, <code>--</code> as
en-dashes, <code>\-</code> as shy hyphen, and <code>...</code> as
ellipses.</p>
<p>This extension is implied if <code>smart</code> is enabled.</p>
<h3 id="extension--tagging">Extension: <code>tagging</code></h3>
<p>Enabling this extension with <code>context</code> output will produce
markup suitable for the production of tagged PDFs. This includes
additional markers for paragraphs and alternative markup for emphasized
text. The <code>emphasis-command</code> template variable is set if the
extension is enabled.</p>
<h1 id="pandocs-markdown">Pandoc’s Markdown</h1>
<p>Pandoc understands an extended and slightly revised version of John
Gruber’s <a
href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Markdown</a>
syntax. This document explains the syntax, noting differences from
original Markdown. Except where noted, these differences can be
suppressed by using the <code>markdown_strict</code> format instead of
<code>markdown</code>. Extensions can be enabled or disabled to specify
the behavior more granularly. They are described in the following. See
also <a href="#extensions">Extensions</a> above, for extensions that
work also on other formats.</p>
<h2 id="philosophy">Philosophy</h2>
<p>Markdown is designed to be easy to write, and, even more importantly,
easy to read:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>A Markdown-formatted document should be publishable as-is, as plain
text, without looking like it’s been marked up with tags or formatting
instructions.<br />
– <a
href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax#philosophy">John
Gruber</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>This principle has guided pandoc’s decisions in finding syntax for
tables, footnotes, and other extensions.</p>
<p>There is, however, one respect in which pandoc’s aims are different
from the original aims of Markdown. Whereas Markdown was originally
designed with HTML generation in mind, pandoc is designed for multiple
output formats. Thus, while pandoc allows the embedding of raw HTML, it
discourages it, and provides other, non-HTMLish ways of representing
important document elements like definition lists, tables, mathematics,
and footnotes.</p>
<h2 id="paragraphs">Paragraphs</h2>
<p>A paragraph is one or more lines of text followed by one or more
blank lines. Newlines are treated as spaces, so you can reflow your
paragraphs as you like. If you need a hard line break, put two or more
spaces at the end of a line.</p>
<h3 id="extension-escaped_line_breaks">Extension:
<code>escaped_line_breaks</code></h3>
<p>A backslash followed by a newline is also a hard line break. Note: in
multiline and grid table cells, this is the only way to create a hard
line break, since trailing spaces in the cells are ignored.</p>
<h2 id="headings">Headings</h2>
<p>There are two kinds of headings: Setext and ATX.</p>
<h3 id="setext-style-headings">Setext-style headings</h3>
<p>A setext-style heading is a line of text “underlined” with a row of
<code>=</code> signs (for a level-one heading) or <code>-</code> signs
(for a level-two heading):</p>
<pre><code>A level-one heading
===================

A level-two heading
-------------------</code></pre>
<p>The heading text can contain inline formatting, such as emphasis (see
<a href="#inline-formatting">Inline formatting</a>, below).</p>
<h3 id="atx-style-headings">ATX-style headings</h3>
<p>An ATX-style heading consists of one to six <code>#</code> signs and
a line of text, optionally followed by any number of <code>#</code>
signs. The number of <code>#</code> signs at the beginning of the line
is the heading level:</p>
<pre><code>## A level-two heading

### A level-three heading ###</code></pre>
<p>As with setext-style headings, the heading text can contain
formatting:</p>
<pre><code># A level-one heading with a [link](/url) and *emphasis*</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-blank_before_header">Extension:
<code>blank_before_header</code></h3>
<p>Original Markdown syntax does not require a blank line before a
heading. Pandoc does require this (except, of course, at the beginning
of the document). The reason for the requirement is that it is all too
easy for a <code>#</code> to end up at the beginning of a line by
accident (perhaps through line wrapping). Consider, for example:</p>
<pre><code>I like several of their flavors of ice cream:
#22, for example, and #5.</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-space_in_atx_header">Extension:
<code>space_in_atx_header</code></h3>
<p>Many Markdown implementations do not require a space between the
opening <code>#</code>s of an ATX heading and the heading text, so that
<code>#5 bolt</code> and <code>#hashtag</code> count as headings. With
this extension, pandoc does require the space.</p>
<h3 id="heading-identifiers">Heading identifiers</h3>
<p>See also the <a
href="#extension-auto_identifiers"><code>auto_identifiers</code>
extension</a> above.</p>
<h3 id="extension-header_attributes">Extension:
<code>header_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Headings can be assigned attributes using this syntax at the end of
the line containing the heading text:</p>
<pre><code>{#identifier .class .class key=value key=value}</code></pre>
<p>Thus, for example, the following headings will all be assigned the
identifier <code>foo</code>:</p>
<pre><code># My heading {#foo}

## My heading ##    {#foo}

My other heading   {#foo}
---------------</code></pre>
<p>(This syntax is compatible with <a
href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown
Extra</a>.)</p>
<p>Note that although this syntax allows assignment of classes and
key/value attributes, writers generally don’t use all of this
information. Identifiers, classes, and key/value attributes are used in
HTML and HTML-based formats such as EPUB and slidy. Identifiers are used
for labels and link anchors in the LaTeX, ConTeXt, Textile, Jira markup,
and AsciiDoc writers.</p>
<p>Headings with the class <code>unnumbered</code> will not be numbered,
even if <code>--number-sections</code> is specified. A single hyphen
(<code>-</code>) in an attribute context is equivalent to
<code>.unnumbered</code>, and preferable in non-English documents.
So,</p>
<pre><code># My heading {-}</code></pre>
<p>is just the same as</p>
<pre><code># My heading {.unnumbered}</code></pre>
<p>If the <code>unlisted</code> class is present in addition to
<code>unnumbered</code>, the heading will not be included in a table of
contents. (Currently this feature is only implemented for certain
formats: those based on LaTeX and HTML, PowerPoint, and RTF.)</p>
<h3 id="extension-implicit_header_references">Extension:
<code>implicit_header_references</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc behaves as if reference links have been defined for each
heading. So, to link to a heading</p>
<pre><code># Heading identifiers in HTML</code></pre>
<p>you can simply write</p>
<pre><code>[Heading identifiers in HTML]</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>[Heading identifiers in HTML][]</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>[the section on heading identifiers][heading identifiers in
HTML]</code></pre>
<p>instead of giving the identifier explicitly:</p>
<pre><code>[Heading identifiers in HTML](#heading-identifiers-in-html)</code></pre>
<p>If there are multiple headings with identical text, the corresponding
reference will link to the first one only, and you will need to use
explicit links to link to the others, as described above.</p>
<p>Like regular reference links, these references are
case-insensitive.</p>
<p>Explicit link reference definitions always take priority over
implicit heading references. So, in the following example, the link will
point to <code>bar</code>, not to <code>#foo</code>:</p>
<pre><code># Foo

[foo]: bar

See [foo]</code></pre>
<h2 id="block-quotations">Block quotations</h2>
<p>Markdown uses email conventions for quoting blocks of text. A block
quotation is one or more paragraphs or other block elements (such as
lists or headings), with each line preceded by a <code>&gt;</code>
character and an optional space. (The <code>&gt;</code> need not start
at the left margin, but it should not be indented more than three
spaces.)</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a block quote. This
&gt; paragraph has two lines.
&gt;
&gt; 1. This is a list inside a block quote.
&gt; 2. Second item.</code></pre>
<p>A “lazy” form, which requires the <code>&gt;</code> character only on
the first line of each block, is also allowed:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a block quote. This
paragraph has two lines.

&gt; 1. This is a list inside a block quote.
2. Second item.</code></pre>
<p>Among the block elements that can be contained in a block quote are
other block quotes. That is, block quotes can be nested:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a block quote.
&gt;
&gt; &gt; A block quote within a block quote.</code></pre>
<p>If the <code>&gt;</code> character is followed by an optional space,
that space will be considered part of the block quote marker and not
part of the indentation of the contents. Thus, to put an indented code
block in a block quote, you need five spaces after the
<code>&gt;</code>:</p>
<pre><code>&gt;     code</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-blank_before_blockquote">Extension:
<code>blank_before_blockquote</code></h3>
<p>Original Markdown syntax does not require a blank line before a block
quote. Pandoc does require this (except, of course, at the beginning of
the document). The reason for the requirement is that it is all too easy
for a <code>&gt;</code> to end up at the beginning of a line by accident
(perhaps through line wrapping). So, unless the
<code>markdown_strict</code> format is used, the following does not
produce a nested block quote in pandoc:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a block quote.
&gt;&gt; Not nested, since `blank_before_blockquote` is enabled by default</code></pre>
<h2 id="verbatim-code-blocks">Verbatim (code) blocks</h2>
<h3 id="indented-code-blocks">Indented code blocks</h3>
<p>A block of text indented four spaces (or one tab) is treated as
verbatim text: that is, special characters do not trigger special
formatting, and all spaces and line breaks are preserved. For
example,</p>
<pre><code>    if (a &gt; 3) {
      moveShip(5 * gravity, DOWN);
    }</code></pre>
<p>The initial (four space or one tab) indentation is not considered
part of the verbatim text, and is removed in the output.</p>
<p>Note: blank lines in the verbatim text need not begin with four
spaces.</p>
<h3 id="fenced-code-blocks">Fenced code blocks</h3>
<h3 id="extension-fenced_code_blocks">Extension:
<code>fenced_code_blocks</code></h3>
<p>In addition to standard indented code blocks, pandoc supports
<em>fenced</em> code blocks. These begin with a row of three or more
tildes (<code>~</code>) and end with a row of tildes that must be at
least as long as the starting row. Everything between these lines is
treated as code. No indentation is necessary:</p>
<pre><code>~~~~~~~
if (a &gt; 3) {
  moveShip(5 * gravity, DOWN);
}
~~~~~~~</code></pre>
<p>Like regular code blocks, fenced code blocks must be separated from
surrounding text by blank lines.</p>
<p>If the code itself contains a row of tildes or backticks, just use a
longer row of tildes or backticks at the start and end:</p>
<pre><code>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~
code including tildes
~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-backtick_code_blocks">Extension:
<code>backtick_code_blocks</code></h3>
<p>Same as <code>fenced_code_blocks</code>, but uses backticks
(<code>`</code>) instead of tildes (<code>~</code>).</p>
<h3 id="extension-fenced_code_attributes">Extension:
<code>fenced_code_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Optionally, you may attach attributes to fenced or backtick code
block using this syntax:</p>
<pre><code>~~~~ {#mycode .haskell .numberLines startFrom=&quot;100&quot;}
qsort []     = []
qsort (x:xs) = qsort (filter (&lt; x) xs) ++ [x] ++
               qsort (filter (&gt;= x) xs)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</code></pre>
<p>Here <code>mycode</code> is an identifier, <code>haskell</code> and
<code>numberLines</code> are classes, and <code>startFrom</code> is an
attribute with value <code>100</code>. Some output formats can use this
information to do syntax highlighting. Currently, the only output
formats that use this information are HTML, LaTeX, Docx, Ms, and
PowerPoint. If highlighting is supported for your output format and
language, then the code block above will appear highlighted, with
numbered lines. (To see which languages are supported, type
<code>pandoc --list-highlight-languages</code>.) Otherwise, the code
block above will appear as follows:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;pre id=&quot;mycode&quot; class=&quot;haskell numberLines&quot; startFrom=&quot;100&quot;&gt;
  &lt;code&gt;
  ...
  &lt;/code&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<p>The <code>numberLines</code> (or <code>number-lines</code>) class
will cause the lines of the code block to be numbered, starting with
<code>1</code> or the value of the <code>startFrom</code> attribute. The
<code>lineAnchors</code> (or <code>line-anchors</code>) class will cause
the lines to be clickable anchors in HTML output.</p>
<p>A shortcut form can also be used for specifying the language of the
code block:</p>
<pre><code>```haskell
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<p>This is equivalent to:</p>
<pre><code>``` {.haskell}
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<p>This shortcut form may be combined with attributes:</p>
<pre><code>```haskell {.numberLines}
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<p>Which is equivalent to:</p>
<pre><code>``` {.haskell .numberLines}
qsort [] = []
```</code></pre>
<p>If the <code>fenced_code_attributes</code> extension is disabled, but
input contains class attribute(s) for the code block, the first class
attribute will be printed after the opening fence as a bare word.</p>
<p>To prevent all highlighting, use the
<code>--syntax-highlighting=none</code> option. To set the highlighting
style or method, use <code>--syntax-highlighting</code>. For more
information on highlighting, see <a href="#syntax-highlighting">Syntax
highlighting</a>, below.</p>
<h2 id="line-blocks">Line blocks</h2>
<h3 id="extension-line_blocks">Extension: <code>line_blocks</code></h3>
<p>A line block is a sequence of lines beginning with a vertical bar
(<code>|</code>) followed by a space. The division into lines will be
preserved in the output, as will any leading spaces; otherwise, the
lines will be formatted as Markdown. This is useful for verse and
addresses:</p>
<pre><code>| The limerick packs laughs anatomical
| In space that is quite economical.
|    But the good ones I&#39;ve seen
|    So seldom are clean
| And the clean ones so seldom are comical

| 200 Main St.
| Berkeley, CA 94718</code></pre>
<p>The lines can be hard-wrapped if needed, but the continuation line
must begin with a space.</p>
<pre><code>| The Right Honorable Most Venerable and Righteous Samuel L.
  Constable, Jr.
| 200 Main St.
| Berkeley, CA 94718</code></pre>
<p>Inline formatting (such as emphasis) is allowed in the content
(though it can’t cross line boundaries). Block-level formatting (such as
block quotes or lists) is not recognized.</p>
<p>This syntax is borrowed from <a
href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/introduction.html">reStructuredText</a>.</p>
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<h3 id="bullet-lists">Bullet lists</h3>
<p>A bullet list is a list of bulleted list items. A bulleted list item
begins with a bullet (<code>*</code>, <code>+</code>, or
<code>-</code>). Here is a simple example:</p>
<pre><code>* one
* two
* three</code></pre>
<p>This will produce a “compact” list. If you want a “loose” list, in
which each item is formatted as a paragraph, put spaces between the
items:</p>
<pre><code>* one

* two

* three</code></pre>
<p>The bullets need not be flush with the left margin; they may be
indented one, two, or three spaces. The bullet must be followed by
whitespace.</p>
<p>List items look best if subsequent lines are flush with the first
line (after the bullet):</p>
<pre><code>* here is my first
  list item.
* and my second.</code></pre>
<p>But Markdown also allows a “lazy” format:</p>
<pre><code>* here is my first
list item.
* and my second.</code></pre>
<h3 id="block-content-in-list-items">Block content in list items</h3>
<p>A list item may contain multiple paragraphs and other block-level
content. However, subsequent paragraphs must be preceded by a blank line
and indented to line up with the first non-space content after the list
marker.</p>
<pre><code>  * First paragraph.

    Continued.

  * Second paragraph. With a code block, which must be indented
    eight spaces:

        { code }</code></pre>
<p>Exception: if the list marker is followed by an indented code block,
which must begin 5 spaces after the list marker, then subsequent
paragraphs must begin two columns after the last character of the list
marker:</p>
<pre><code>*     code

  continuation paragraph</code></pre>
<p>List items may include other lists. In this case the preceding blank
line is optional. The nested list must be indented to line up with the
first non-space character after the list marker of the containing list
item.</p>
<pre><code>* fruits
  + apples
    - macintosh
    - red delicious
  + pears
  + peaches
* vegetables
  + broccoli
  + chard</code></pre>
<p>As noted above, Markdown allows you to write list items “lazily,”
instead of indenting continuation lines. However, if there are multiple
paragraphs or other blocks in a list item, the first line of each must
be indented.</p>
<pre><code>+ A lazy, lazy, list
item.

+ Another one; this looks
bad but is legal.

    Second paragraph of second
list item.</code></pre>
<h3 id="ordered-lists">Ordered lists</h3>
<p>Ordered lists work just like bulleted lists, except that the items
begin with enumerators rather than bullets.</p>
<p>In original Markdown, enumerators are decimal numbers followed by a
period and a space. The numbers themselves are ignored, so there is no
difference between this list:</p>
<pre><code>1.  one
2.  two
3.  three</code></pre>
<p>and this one:</p>
<pre><code>5.  one
7.  two
1.  three</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-fancy_lists">Extension: <code>fancy_lists</code></h3>
<p>Unlike original Markdown, pandoc allows ordered list items to be
marked with uppercase and lowercase letters and roman numerals, in
addition to Arabic numerals. List markers may be enclosed in parentheses
or followed by a single right-parenthesis or period. They must be
separated from the text that follows by at least one space, and, if the
list marker is a capital letter with a period, by at least two spaces.<a
href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a></p>
<p>The <code>fancy_lists</code> extension also allows ‘<code>#</code>’
to be used as an ordered list marker in place of a numeral:</p>
<pre><code>#. one
#. two</code></pre>
<p>Note: the ‘<code>#</code>’ ordered list marker doesn’t work with
<code>commonmark</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-startnum">Extension: <code>startnum</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc also pays attention to the type of list marker used, and to
the starting number, and both of these are preserved where possible in
the output format. Thus, the following yields a list with numbers
followed by a single parenthesis, starting with 9, and a sublist with
lowercase roman numerals:</p>
<pre><code> 9)  Ninth
10)  Tenth
11)  Eleventh
       i. subone
      ii. subtwo
     iii. subthree</code></pre>
<p>Pandoc will start a new list each time a different type of list
marker is used. So, the following will create three lists:</p>
<pre><code>(2) Two
(5) Three
1.  Four
*   Five</code></pre>
<p>If default list markers are desired, use <code>#.</code>:</p>
<pre><code>#.  one
#.  two
#.  three</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-task_lists">Extension: <code>task_lists</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc supports task lists, using the syntax of GitHub-Flavored
Markdown.</p>
<pre><code>- [ ] an unchecked task list item
- [x] checked item</code></pre>
<h3 id="definition-lists">Definition lists</h3>
<h3 id="extension-definition_lists">Extension:
<code>definition_lists</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc supports definition lists, using the syntax of <a
href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown
Extra</a> with some extensions.<a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref"
id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref"><sup>2</sup></a></p>
<pre><code>Term 1

:   Definition 1

Term 2 with *inline markup*

:   Definition 2

        { some code, part of Definition 2 }

    Third paragraph of definition 2.</code></pre>
<p>Each term must fit on one line, which may optionally be followed by a
blank line, and must be followed by one or more definitions. A
definition begins with a colon or tilde, which may be indented one or
two spaces.</p>
<p>A term may have multiple definitions, and each definition may consist
of one or more indented block elements (paragraph, code block, list,
etc.). The blocks in the definition shoud be indented to the column of
the first non-space content after the <code>:</code> or <code>~</code>
marker, or (if the <code>four_space_rule</code> extension is enabled)
four spaces or one tab stop. As with other Markdown lists, you can
“lazily” omit indentation in paragraph continuation lines:</p>
<pre><code>Term 1

: Definition
with lazy continuation.

  Second paragraph of the definition.</code></pre>
<p>If you leave space before the definition (as in the example above),
the text of the definition will be treated as a paragraph. In some
output formats, this will mean greater spacing between term/definition
pairs. For a more compact definition list, omit the space before the
definition:</p>
<pre><code>Term 1
  ~ Definition 1

Term 2
  ~ Definition 2a
  ~ Definition 2b</code></pre>
<p>Note that space between items in a definition list is required.</p>
<h3 id="numbered-example-lists">Numbered example lists</h3>
<h3 id="extension-example_lists">Extension:
<code>example_lists</code></h3>
<p>The special list marker <code>@</code> can be used for sequentially
numbered examples. The first list item with a <code>@</code> marker will
be numbered ‘1’, the next ‘2’, and so on, throughout the document. The
numbered examples need not occur in a single list; each new list using
<code>@</code> will take up where the last stopped. So, for example:</p>
<pre><code>(@)  My first example will be numbered (1).
(@)  My second example will be numbered (2).

Explanation of examples.

(@)  My third example will be numbered (3).</code></pre>
<p>Numbered examples can be labeled and referred to elsewhere in the
document:</p>
<pre><code>(@good)  This is a good example.

As (@good) illustrates, ...</code></pre>
<p>The label can be any string of alphanumeric characters, underscores,
or hyphens.</p>
<p>Continuation paragraphs in example lists must always be indented four
spaces, regardless of the length of the list marker. That is, example
lists always behave as if the <code>four_space_rule</code> extension is
set. This is because example labels tend to be long, and indenting
content to the first non-space character after the label would be
awkward.</p>
<p>You can repeat an earlier numbered example by re-using its label:</p>
<pre><code>(@foo) Sample sentence.

Intervening text...

This theory can explain the case we saw earlier (repeated):

(@foo) Sample sentence.</code></pre>
<p>This only works reliably, though, if the repeated item is in a list
by itself, because each numbered example list will be numbered
continuously from its starting number.</p>
<h3 id="ending-a-list">Ending a list</h3>
<p>What if you want to put an indented code block after a list?</p>
<pre><code>-   item one
-   item two

    { my code block }</code></pre>
<p>Trouble! Here pandoc (like other Markdown implementations) will treat
<code>{ my code block }</code> as the second paragraph of item two, and
not as a code block.</p>
<p>To “cut off” the list after item two, you can insert some
non-indented content, like an HTML comment, which won’t produce visible
output in any format:</p>
<pre><code>-   item one
-   item two

&lt;!-- end of list --&gt;

    { my code block }</code></pre>
<p>You can use the same trick if you want two consecutive lists instead
of one big list:</p>
<pre><code>1.  one
2.  two
3.  three

&lt;!-- --&gt;

1.  uno
2.  dos
3.  tres</code></pre>
<h2 id="horizontal-rules">Horizontal rules</h2>
<p>A line containing a row of three or more <code>*</code>,
<code>-</code>, or <code>_</code> characters (optionally separated by
spaces) produces a horizontal rule:</p>
<pre><code>*  *  *  *

---------------</code></pre>
<p>We strongly recommend that horizontal rules be separated from
surrounding text by blank lines. If a horizontal rule is not followed by
a blank line, pandoc may try to interpret the lines that follow as a
YAML metadata block or a table.</p>
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<p>Four kinds of tables may be used. The first three kinds presuppose
the use of a fixed-width font, such as Courier. The fourth kind can be
used with proportionally spaced fonts, as it does not require lining up
columns.</p>
<h3 id="extension-table_captions">Extension:
<code>table_captions</code></h3>
<p>A caption may optionally be provided with all 4 kinds of tables (as
illustrated in the examples below). A caption is a paragraph beginning
with the string <code>Table:</code> (or <code>table:</code> or just
<code>:</code>), which will be stripped off. It may appear either before
or after the table.</p>
<h3 id="extension-simple_tables">Extension:
<code>simple_tables</code></h3>
<p>Simple tables look like this:</p>
<pre><code>  Right     Left     Center     Default
-------     ------ ----------   -------
     12     12        12            12
    123     123       123          123
      1     1          1             1

Table:  Demonstration of simple table syntax.</code></pre>
<p>The header and table rows must each fit on one line. Column
alignments are determined by the position of the header text relative to
the dashed line below it:<a href="#fn3" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref3"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>3</sup></a></p>
<ul>
<li>If the dashed line is flush with the header text on the right side
but extends beyond it on the left, the column is right-aligned.</li>
<li>If the dashed line is flush with the header text on the left side
but extends beyond it on the right, the column is left-aligned.</li>
<li>If the dashed line extends beyond the header text on both sides, the
column is centered.</li>
<li>If the dashed line is flush with the header text on both sides, the
default alignment is used (in most cases, this will be left).</li>
</ul>
<p>The table must end with a blank line, or a line of dashes followed by
a blank line.</p>
<p>The column header row may be omitted, provided a dashed line is used
to end the table. For example:</p>
<pre><code>-------     ------ ----------   -------
     12     12        12             12
    123     123       123           123
      1     1          1              1
-------     ------ ----------   -------</code></pre>
<p>When the header row is omitted, column alignments are determined on
the basis of the first line of the table body. So, in the tables above,
the columns would be right, left, center, and right aligned,
respectively.</p>
<h3 id="extension-multiline_tables">Extension:
<code>multiline_tables</code></h3>
<p>Multiline tables allow header and table rows to span multiple lines
of text (but cells that span multiple columns or rows of the table are
not supported). Here is an example:</p>
<pre><code>-------------------------------------------------------------
 Centered   Default           Right Left
  Header    Aligned         Aligned Aligned
----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------
   First    row                12.0 Example of a row that
                                    spans multiple lines.

  Second    row                 5.0 Here&#39;s another one. Note
                                    the blank line between
                                    rows.
-------------------------------------------------------------

Table: Here&#39;s the caption. It, too, may span
multiple lines.</code></pre>
<p>These work like simple tables, but with the following
differences:</p>
<ul>
<li>They must begin with a row of dashes, before the header text (unless
the header row is omitted).</li>
<li>They must end with a row of dashes, then a blank line.</li>
<li>The rows must be separated by blank lines.</li>
</ul>
<p>In multiline tables, the table parser pays attention to the widths of
the columns, and the writers try to reproduce these relative widths in
the output. So, if you find that one of the columns is too narrow in the
output, try widening it in the Markdown source.</p>
<p>The header may be omitted in multiline tables as well as simple
tables:</p>
<pre><code>----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------
   First    row                12.0 Example of a row that
                                    spans multiple lines.

  Second    row                 5.0 Here&#39;s another one. Note
                                    the blank line between
                                    rows.
----------- ------- --------------- -------------------------

: Here&#39;s a multiline table without a header.</code></pre>
<p>It is possible for a multiline table to have just one row, but the
row should be followed by a blank line (and then the row of dashes that
ends the table), or the table may be interpreted as a simple table.</p>
<h3 id="extension-grid_tables">Extension: <code>grid_tables</code></h3>
<p>Grid tables look like this:</p>
<pre><code>: Sample grid table.

+---------------+---------------+--------------------+
| Fruit         | Price         | Advantages         |
+===============+===============+====================+
| Bananas       | $1.34         | - built-in wrapper |
|               |               | - bright color     |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+
| Oranges       | $2.10         | - cures scurvy     |
|               |               | - tasty            |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+</code></pre>
<p>The row of <code>=</code>s separates the header from the table body,
and can be omitted for a headerless table. The cells of grid tables may
contain arbitrary block elements (multiple paragraphs, code blocks,
lists, etc.).</p>
<p>Cells can span multiple columns or rows:</p>
<pre><code>+---------------------+----------+
| Property            | Earth    |
+=============+=======+==========+
|             | min   | -89.2 °C |
| Temperature +-------+----------+
| 1961-1990   | mean  | 14 °C    |
|             +-------+----------+
|             | max   | 56.7 °C  |
+-------------+-------+----------+</code></pre>
<p>A table header may contain more than one row:</p>
<pre><code>+---------------------+-----------------------+
| Location            | Temperature 1961-1990 |
|                     | in degree Celsius     |
|                     +-------+-------+-------+
|                     | min   | mean  | max   |
+=====================+=======+=======+=======+
| Antarctica          | -89.2 | N/A   | 19.8  |
+---------------------+-------+-------+-------+
| Earth               | -89.2 | 14    | 56.7  |
+---------------------+-------+-------+-------+</code></pre>
<p>Alignments can be specified as with pipe tables, by putting colons at
the boundaries of the separator line after the header:</p>
<pre><code>+---------------+---------------+--------------------+
| Right         | Left          | Centered           |
+==============:+:==============+:==================:+
| Bananas       | $1.34         | built-in wrapper   |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+</code></pre>
<p>For headerless tables, the colons go on the top line instead:</p>
<pre><code>+--------------:+:--------------+:------------------:+
| Right         | Left          | Centered           |
+---------------+---------------+--------------------+</code></pre>
<p>A table foot can be defined by enclosing it with separator lines that
use <code>=</code> instead of <code>-</code>:</p>
<pre><code> +---------------+---------------+
 | Fruit         | Price         |
 +===============+===============+
 | Bananas       | $1.34         |
 +---------------+---------------+
 | Oranges       | $2.10         |
 +===============+===============+
 | Sum           | $3.44         |
 +===============+===============+</code></pre>
<p>The foot must always be placed at the very bottom of the table.</p>
<p>Grid tables can be created easily using Emacs’ table-mode
(<code>M-x table-insert</code>).</p>
<h3 id="extension-pipe_tables">Extension: <code>pipe_tables</code></h3>
<p>Pipe tables look like this:</p>
<pre><code>| Right | Left | Default | Center |
|------:|:-----|---------|:------:|
|   12  |  12  |    12   |    12  |
|  123  |  123 |   123   |   123  |
|    1  |    1 |     1   |     1  |

  : Demonstration of pipe table syntax.</code></pre>
<p>The syntax is identical to <a
href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/#table">PHP
Markdown Extra tables</a>. The beginning and ending pipe characters are
optional, but pipes are required between all columns. The colons
indicate column alignment as shown. The header cannot be omitted. To
simulate a headerless table, include a header with blank cells.</p>
<p>Since the pipes indicate column boundaries, columns need not be
vertically aligned, as they are in the above example. So, this is a
perfectly legal (though ugly) pipe table:</p>
<pre><code>fruit| price
-----|-----:
apple|2.05
pear|1.37
orange|3.09</code></pre>
<p>The cells of pipe tables cannot contain block elements like
paragraphs and lists, and cannot span multiple lines. If any line of the
Markdown source is longer than the column width (see
<code>--columns</code>), then the table will take up the full text width
and the cell contents will wrap, with the relative cell widths
determined by the number of dashes in the line separating the table
header from the table body. (For example <code>---|-</code> would make
the first column 3/4 and the second column 1/4 of the full text width.)
On the other hand, if no lines are wider than column width, then cell
contents will not be wrapped, and the cells will be sized to their
contents.</p>
<p>Note: pandoc also recognizes pipe tables of the following form, as
can be produced by Emacs’ orgtbl-mode:</p>
<pre><code>| One | Two   |
|-----+-------|
| my  | table |
| is  | nice  |</code></pre>
<p>The difference is that <code>+</code> is used instead of
<code>|</code>. Other orgtbl features are not supported. In particular,
to get non-default column alignment, you’ll need to add colons as
above.</p>
<h3 id="extension-table_attributes">Extension:
<code>table_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Attributes may be attached to tables by including them at the end of
the caption. (For the syntax, see <a
href="#extension-header_attributes"><code>header_attributes</code></a>.)</p>
<pre><code>  : Here&#39;s the caption. {#ident .class key=&quot;value&quot;}</code></pre>
<h2 id="metadata-blocks">Metadata blocks</h2>
<h3 id="extension-pandoc_title_block">Extension:
<code>pandoc_title_block</code></h3>
<p>If the file begins with a title block</p>
<pre><code>% title
% author(s) (separated by semicolons)
% date</code></pre>
<p>it will be parsed as bibliographic information, not regular text. (It
will be used, for example, in the title of standalone LaTeX or HTML
output.) The block may contain just a title, a date and an author, or
all three elements. If you want to include an author but no title, or a
title and a date but no author, you need a blank line:</p>
<pre><code>%
% Author</code></pre>
<pre><code>% My title
%
% June 15, 2006</code></pre>
<p>The title may occupy multiple lines, but continuation lines must
begin with leading space, thus:</p>
<pre><code>% My title
  on multiple lines</code></pre>
<p>If a document has multiple authors, the authors may be put on
separate lines with leading space, or separated by semicolons, or both.
So, all of the following are equivalent:</p>
<pre><code>% Author One
  Author Two</code></pre>
<pre><code>% Author One; Author Two</code></pre>
<pre><code>% Author One;
  Author Two</code></pre>
<p>The date must fit on one line.</p>
<p>All three metadata fields may contain standard inline formatting
(italics, links, footnotes, etc.).</p>
<p>Title blocks will always be parsed, but they will affect the output
only when the <code>--standalone</code> (<code>-s</code>) option is
chosen. In HTML output, titles will appear twice: once in the document
head—this is the title that will appear at the top of the window in a
browser—and once at the beginning of the document body. The title in the
document head can have an optional prefix attached
(<code>--title-prefix</code> or <code>-T</code> option). The title in
the body appears as an H1 element with class “title”, so it can be
suppressed or reformatted with CSS. If a title prefix is specified with
<code>-T</code> and no title block appears in the document, the title
prefix will be used by itself as the HTML title.</p>
<p>The man page writer extracts a title, man page section number, and
other header and footer information from the title line. The title is
assumed to be the first word on the title line, which may optionally end
with a (single-digit) section number in parentheses. (There should be no
space between the title and the parentheses.) Anything after this is
assumed to be additional footer and header text. A single pipe character
(<code>|</code>) should be used to separate the footer text from the
header text. Thus,</p>
<pre><code>% PANDOC(1)</code></pre>
<p>will yield a man page with the title <code>PANDOC</code> and section
1.</p>
<pre><code>% PANDOC(1) Pandoc User Manuals</code></pre>
<p>will also have “Pandoc User Manuals” in the footer.</p>
<pre><code>% PANDOC(1) Pandoc User Manuals | Version 4.0</code></pre>
<p>will also have “Version 4.0” in the header.</p>
<h3 id="extension-yaml_metadata_block">Extension:
<code>yaml_metadata_block</code></h3>
<p>A <a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html"
title="YAML v1.2 Spec">YAML</a> metadata block is a valid YAML object,
delimited by a line of three hyphens (<code>---</code>) at the top and a
line of three hyphens (<code>---</code>) or three dots
(<code>...</code>) at the bottom. The initial line <code>---</code> must
not be followed by a blank line. A YAML metadata block may occur
anywhere in the document, but if it is not at the beginning, it must be
preceded by a blank line. (Note that JSON may be used as well, because
JSON is a subset of YAML.)</p>
<p>Note that, because of the way pandoc concatenates input files when
several are provided, you may also keep the metadata in a separate YAML
file and pass it to pandoc as an argument, along with your Markdown
files:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc chap1.md chap2.md chap3.md metadata.yaml -s -o book.html</code></pre>
<p>Just be sure that the YAML file begins with <code>---</code> and ends
with <code>---</code> or <code>...</code>. Alternatively, you can use
the <code>--metadata-file</code> option. Using that approach however,
you cannot reference content (like footnotes) from the main Markdown
input document.</p>
<p>Metadata will be taken from the fields of the YAML object and added
to any existing document metadata. Metadata can contain lists and
objects (nested arbitrarily), but all string scalars will be interpreted
as Markdown. Fields with names ending in an underscore will be ignored
by pandoc. (They may be given a role by external processors.) Field
names must not be interpretable as YAML numbers or boolean values (so,
for example, <code>yes</code>, <code>True</code>, and <code>15</code>
cannot be used as field names).</p>
<p>A document may contain multiple metadata blocks. If two metadata
blocks attempt to set the same field, the value from the second block
will be taken.</p>
<p>Each metadata block is handled internally as an independent YAML
document. This means, for example, that any YAML anchors defined in a
block cannot be referenced in another block.</p>
<p>When pandoc is used with <code>-t markdown</code> to create a
Markdown document, a YAML metadata block will be produced only if the
<code>-s/--standalone</code> option is used. All of the metadata will
appear in a single block at the beginning of the document.</p>
<p>Note that <a href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html"
title="YAML v1.2 Spec">YAML</a> escaping rules must be followed. Thus,
for example, if a title contains a colon, it must be quoted, and if it
contains a backslash escape, then it must be ensured that it is not
treated as a <a
href="https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2776092">YAML escape
sequence</a>. The pipe character (<code>|</code>) can be used to begin
an indented block that will be interpreted literally, without need for
escaping. This form is necessary when the field contains blank lines or
block-level formatting:</p>
<pre><code>---
title:  &#39;This is the title: it contains a colon&#39;
author:
- Author One
- Author Two
keywords: [nothing, nothingness]
abstract: |
  This is the abstract.

  It consists of two paragraphs.
...</code></pre>
<p>The literal block after the <code>|</code> must be indented relative
to the line containing the <code>|</code>. If it is not, the YAML will
be invalid and pandoc will not interpret it as metadata. For an overview
of the complex rules governing YAML, see the <a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML#Syntax">Wikipedia entry on YAML
syntax</a>.</p>
<p>Template variables will be set automatically from the metadata. Thus,
for example, in writing HTML, the variable <code>abstract</code> will be
set to the HTML equivalent of the Markdown in the <code>abstract</code>
field:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;This is the abstract.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It consists of two paragraphs.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Variables can contain arbitrary YAML structures, but the template
must match this structure. The <code>author</code> variable in the
default templates expects a simple list or string, but can be changed to
support more complicated structures. The following combination, for
example, would add an affiliation to the author if one is given:</p>
<pre><code>---
title: The document title
author:
- name: Author One
  affiliation: University of Somewhere
- name: Author Two
  affiliation: University of Nowhere
...</code></pre>
<p>To use the structured authors in the example above, you would need a
custom template:</p>
<pre><code>$for(author)$
$if(author.name)$
$author.name$$if(author.affiliation)$ ($author.affiliation$)$endif$
$else$
$author$
$endif$
$endfor$</code></pre>
<p>Raw content to include in the document’s header may be specified
using <code>header-includes</code>; however, it is important to mark up
this content as raw code for a particular output format, using the <a
href="#extension-raw_attribute"><code>raw_attribute</code>
extension</a>, or it will be interpreted as Markdown. For example:</p>
<pre><code>header-includes:
- |
  ```{=latex}
  \let\oldsection\section
  \renewcommand{\section}[1]{\clearpage\oldsection{#1}}
  ```</code></pre>
<p>Note: the <code>yaml_metadata_block</code> extension works not just
with <code>markdown</code> but with <code>commonmark</code> (and it is
enabled by default in <code>gfm</code> and <code>commonmark_x</code>).
However, in <code>commonmark</code>, <code>gfm</code>, and
<code>commonmark_x</code>, the following restrictions apply:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The YAML metadata block must occur at the beginning of the
document (and there can be only one). If multiple files are given as
arguments to pandoc, only the first can be a YAML metadata
block.</p></li>
<li><p>The leaf nodes of the YAML structure are parsed in isolation from
each other and from the rest of the document. So, for example, you can’t
use a reference link in these contexts if the link definition is
somewhere else in the document.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="backslash-escapes">Backslash escapes</h2>
<h3 id="extension-all_symbols_escapable">Extension:
<code>all_symbols_escapable</code></h3>
<p>Except inside a code block or inline code, any punctuation or space
character preceded by a backslash will be treated literally, even if it
would normally indicate formatting. Thus, for example, if one writes</p>
<pre><code>*\*hello\**</code></pre>
<p>one will get</p>
<pre><code>&lt;em&gt;*hello*&lt;/em&gt;</code></pre>
<p>instead of</p>
<pre><code>&lt;strong&gt;hello&lt;/strong&gt;</code></pre>
<p>This rule is easier to remember than original Markdown’s rule, which
allows only the following characters to be backslash-escaped:</p>
<pre><code>\`*_{}[]()&gt;#+-.!</code></pre>
<p>(However, if the <code>markdown_strict</code> format is used, the
original Markdown rule will be used.)</p>
<p>A backslash-escaped space is parsed as a nonbreaking space. In TeX
output, it will appear as <code>~</code>. In HTML and XML output, it
will appear as a literal unicode nonbreaking space character (note that
it will thus actually look “invisible” in the generated HTML source; you
can still use the <code>--ascii</code> command-line option to make it
appear as an explicit entity).</p>
<p>A backslash-escaped newline (i.e. a backslash occurring at the end of
a line) is parsed as a hard line break. It will appear in TeX output as
<code>\\</code> and in HTML as <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code>. This is a nice
alternative to Markdown’s “invisible” way of indicating hard line breaks
using two trailing spaces on a line.</p>
<p>Backslash escapes do not work in verbatim contexts.</p>
<h2 id="inline-formatting">Inline formatting</h2>
<h3 id="emphasis">Emphasis</h3>
<p>To <em>emphasize</em> some text, surround it with <code>*</code>s or
<code>_</code>, like this:</p>
<pre><code>This text is _emphasized with underscores_, and this
is *emphasized with asterisks*.</code></pre>
<p>Double <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> produces <strong>strong
emphasis</strong>:</p>
<pre><code>This is **strong emphasis** and __with underscores__.</code></pre>
<p>A <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> character surrounded by spaces, or
backslash-escaped, will not trigger emphasis:</p>
<pre><code>This is * not emphasized *, and \*neither is this\*.</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-intraword_underscores">Extension:
<code>intraword_underscores</code></h3>
<p>Because <code>_</code> is sometimes used inside words and
identifiers, pandoc does not interpret a <code>_</code> surrounded by
alphanumeric characters as an emphasis marker. If you want to emphasize
just part of a word, use <code>*</code>:</p>
<pre><code>feas*ible*, not feas*able*.</code></pre>
<h3 id="strikeout">Strikeout</h3>
<h3 id="extension-strikeout">Extension: <code>strikeout</code></h3>
<p>To strike out a section of text with a horizontal line, begin and end
it with <code>~~</code>. Thus, for example,</p>
<pre><code>This ~~is deleted text.~~</code></pre>
<h3 id="superscripts-and-subscripts">Superscripts and subscripts</h3>
<h3 id="extension-superscript-subscript">Extension:
<code>superscript</code>, <code>subscript</code></h3>
<p>Superscripts may be written by surrounding the superscripted text by
<code>^</code> characters; subscripts may be written by surrounding the
subscripted text by <code>~</code> characters. Thus, for example,</p>
<pre><code>H~2~O is a liquid.  2^10^ is 1024.</code></pre>
<p>The text between <code>^...^</code> or <code>~...~</code> may not
contain spaces or newlines. If the superscripted or subscripted text
contains spaces, these spaces must be escaped with backslashes. (This is
to prevent accidental superscripting and subscripting through the
ordinary use of <code>~</code> and <code>^</code>, and also bad
interactions with footnotes.) Thus, if you want the letter P with ‘a
cat’ in subscripts, use <code>P~a\ cat~</code>, not
<code>P~a cat~</code>.</p>
<h3 id="verbatim">Verbatim</h3>
<p>To make a short span of text verbatim, put it inside backticks:</p>
<pre><code>What is the difference between `&gt;&gt;=` and `&gt;&gt;`?</code></pre>
<p>If the verbatim text includes a backtick, use double backticks:</p>
<pre><code>Here is a literal backtick `` ` ``.</code></pre>
<p>(The spaces after the opening backticks and before the closing
backticks will be ignored.)</p>
<p>The general rule is that a verbatim span starts with a string of
consecutive backticks (optionally followed by a space) and ends with a
string of the same number of backticks (optionally preceded by a
space).</p>
<p>Note that backslash-escapes (and other Markdown constructs) do not
work in verbatim contexts:</p>
<pre><code>This is a backslash followed by an asterisk: `\*`.</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-inline_code_attributes">Extension:
<code>inline_code_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Attributes can be attached to verbatim text, just as with <a
href="#fenced-code-blocks">fenced code blocks</a>:</p>
<pre><code>`&lt;$&gt;`{.haskell}</code></pre>
<h3 id="underline">Underline</h3>
<p>To underline text, use the <code>underline</code> class:</p>
<pre><code>[Underline]{.underline}</code></pre>
<p>Or, without the <code>bracketed_spans</code> extension (but with
<code>native_spans</code>):</p>
<pre><code>&lt;span class=&quot;underline&quot;&gt;Underline&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<p>This will work in all output formats that support underline.</p>
<h3 id="small-caps">Small caps</h3>
<p>To write small caps, use the <code>smallcaps</code> class:</p>
<pre><code>[Small caps]{.smallcaps}</code></pre>
<p>Or, without the <code>bracketed_spans</code> extension:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;span class=&quot;smallcaps&quot;&gt;Small caps&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<p>For compatibility with other Markdown flavors, CSS is also
supported:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant:small-caps;&quot;&gt;Small caps&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<p>This will work in all output formats that support small caps.</p>
<h3 id="highlighting">Highlighting</h3>
<p>To highlight text, use the <code>mark</code> class:</p>
<pre><code>[Mark]{.mark}</code></pre>
<p>Or, without the <code>bracketed_spans</code> extension (but with
<code>native_spans</code>):</p>
<pre><code>&lt;span class=&quot;mark&quot;&gt;Mark&lt;/span&gt;</code></pre>
<p>This will work in all output formats that support highlighting.</p>
<h2 id="math">Math</h2>
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_dollars">Extension:
<code>tex_math_dollars</code></h3>
<p>Anything between two <code>$</code> characters will be treated as TeX
math. The opening <code>$</code> must have a non-space character
immediately to its right, while the closing <code>$</code> must have a
non-space character immediately to its left, and must not be followed
immediately by a digit. Thus, <code>$20,000 and $30,000</code> won’t
parse as math. If for some reason you need to enclose text in literal
<code>$</code> characters, backslash-escape them and they won’t be
treated as math delimiters.</p>
<p>For display math, use <code>$$</code> delimiters. (In this case, the
delimiters may be separated from the formula by whitespace. However,
there can be no blank lines between the opening and closing
<code>$$</code> delimiters.)</p>
<p>TeX math will be printed in all output formats. How it is rendered
depends on the output format:</p>
<dl>
<dt>LaTeX</dt>
<dd>
It will appear verbatim surrounded by <code>\(...\)</code> (for inline
math) or <code>\[...\]</code> (for display math).
</dd>
<dt>Markdown, Emacs Org mode, ConTeXt, ZimWiki</dt>
<dd>
It will appear verbatim surrounded by <code>$...$</code> (for inline
math) or <code>$$...$$</code> (for display math).
</dd>
<dt>XWiki</dt>
<dd>
It will appear verbatim surrounded by
<code>{{formula}}..{{/formula}}</code>.
</dd>
<dt>reStructuredText</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered using an <a
href="https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/ref/rst/roles.html#math">interpreted
text role <code>:math:</code></a>.
</dd>
<dt>AsciiDoc</dt>
<dd>
For AsciiDoc output math will appear verbatim surrounded by
<code>latexmath:[...]</code>. For <code>asciidoc_legacy</code> the
bracketed material will also include inline or display math delimiters.
</dd>
<dt>Texinfo</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered inside a <code>@math</code> command.
</dd>
<dt>roff man, Jira markup</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered verbatim without <code>$</code>’s.
</dd>
<dt>MediaWiki, DokuWiki</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered inside <code>&lt;math&gt;</code> tags.
</dd>
<dt>Textile</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered inside <code>&lt;span class="math"&gt;</code> tags.
</dd>
<dt>RTF, OpenDocument</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered, if possible, using Unicode characters, and will
otherwise appear verbatim.
</dd>
<dt>ODT</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered, if possible, using MathML.
</dd>
<dt>DocBook</dt>
<dd>
If the <code>--mathml</code> flag is used, it will be rendered using
MathML in an <code>inlineequation</code> or
<code>informalequation</code> tag. Otherwise it will be rendered, if
possible, using Unicode characters.
</dd>
<dt>Docx and PowerPoint</dt>
<dd>
It will be rendered using OMML math markup.
</dd>
<dt>FictionBook2</dt>
<dd>
If the <code>--webtex</code> option is used, formulas are rendered as
images using CodeCogs or other compatible web service, downloaded and
embedded in the e-book. Otherwise, they will appear verbatim.
</dd>
<dt>HTML, Slidy, DZSlides, S5, EPUB</dt>
<dd>
The way math is rendered in HTML will depend on the command-line options
selected. Therefore see <a href="#math-rendering-in-html">Math rendering
in HTML</a> above.
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="raw-html">Raw HTML</h2>
<h3 id="extension-raw_html">Extension: <code>raw_html</code></h3>
<p>Markdown allows you to insert raw HTML (or DocBook) anywhere in a
document (except verbatim contexts, where <code>&lt;</code>,
<code>&gt;</code>, and <code>&amp;</code> are interpreted literally).
(Technically this is not an extension, since standard Markdown allows
it, but it has been made an extension so that it can be disabled if
desired.)</p>
<p>The raw HTML is passed through unchanged in HTML, S5, Slidy,
Slideous, DZSlides, EPUB, Markdown, CommonMark, Emacs Org mode, and
Textile output, and suppressed in other formats.</p>
<p>For a more explicit way of including raw HTML in a Markdown document,
see the <a href="#extension-raw_attribute"><code>raw_attribute</code>
extension</a>.</p>
<p>In the CommonMark format, if <code>raw_html</code> is enabled,
superscripts, subscripts, strikeouts and small capitals will be
represented as HTML. Otherwise, plain-text fallbacks will be used. Note
that even if <code>raw_html</code> is disabled, tables will be rendered
with HTML syntax if they cannot use pipe syntax.</p>
<h3 id="extension-markdown_in_html_blocks">Extension:
<code>markdown_in_html_blocks</code></h3>
<p>Original Markdown allows you to include HTML “blocks”: blocks of HTML
between balanced tags that are separated from the surrounding text with
blank lines, and start and end at the left margin. Within these blocks,
everything is interpreted as HTML, not Markdown; so (for example),
<code>*</code> does not signify emphasis.</p>
<p>Pandoc behaves this way when the <code>markdown_strict</code> format
is used; but by default, pandoc interprets material between HTML block
tags as Markdown. Thus, for example, pandoc will turn</p>
<pre><code>&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;*one*&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;[a link](https://google.com)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</code></pre>
<p>into</p>
<pre><code>&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://google.com&quot;&gt;a link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</code></pre>
<p>whereas <code>Markdown.pl</code> will preserve it as is.</p>
<p>There is one exception to this rule: text between
<code>&lt;script&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;style&gt;</code>,
<code>&lt;pre&gt;</code>, and <code>&lt;textarea&gt;</code> tags is not
interpreted as Markdown.</p>
<p>This departure from original Markdown should make it easier to mix
Markdown with HTML block elements. For example, one can surround a block
of Markdown text with <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> tags without preventing
it from being interpreted as Markdown.</p>
<h3 id="extension-native_divs">Extension: <code>native_divs</code></h3>
<p>Use native pandoc <code>Div</code> blocks for content inside
<code>&lt;div&gt;</code> tags. For the most part this should give the
same output as <code>markdown_in_html_blocks</code>, but it makes it
easier to write pandoc filters to manipulate groups of blocks.</p>
<h3 id="extension-native_spans">Extension:
<code>native_spans</code></h3>
<p>Use native pandoc <code>Span</code> blocks for content inside
<code>&lt;span&gt;</code> tags. For the most part this should give the
same output as <code>raw_html</code>, but it makes it easier to write
pandoc filters to manipulate groups of inlines.</p>
<h3 id="extension-raw_tex">Extension: <code>raw_tex</code></h3>
<p>In addition to raw HTML, pandoc allows raw LaTeX, TeX, and ConTeXt to
be included in a document. Inline TeX commands will be preserved and
passed unchanged to the LaTeX and ConTeXt writers. Thus, for example,
you can use LaTeX to include BibTeX citations:</p>
<pre><code>This result was proved in \cite{jones.1967}.</code></pre>
<p>Note that in LaTeX environments, like</p>
<pre><code>\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline
Age &amp; Frequency \\ \hline
18--25  &amp; 15 \\
26--35  &amp; 33 \\
36--45  &amp; 22 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}</code></pre>
<p>the material between the begin and end tags will be interpreted as
raw LaTeX, not as Markdown.</p>
<p>For a more explicit and flexible way of including raw TeX in a
Markdown document, see the <a
href="#extension-raw_attribute"><code>raw_attribute</code>
extension</a>.</p>
<p>Inline LaTeX is ignored in output formats other than Markdown, LaTeX,
Emacs Org mode, and ConTeXt.</p>
<h3 id="generic-raw-attribute">Generic raw attribute</h3>
<h3 id="extension-raw_attribute">Extension:
<code>raw_attribute</code></h3>
<p>Inline spans and fenced code blocks with a special kind of attribute
will be parsed as raw content with the designated format. For example,
the following produces a raw roff <code>ms</code> block:</p>
<pre><code>```{=ms}
.MYMACRO
blah blah
```</code></pre>
<p>And the following produces a raw <code>html</code> inline
element:</p>
<pre><code>This is `&lt;a&gt;html&lt;/a&gt;`{=html}</code></pre>
<p>This can be useful to insert raw xml into <code>docx</code>
documents, e.g. a pagebreak:</p>
<pre><code>```{=openxml}
&lt;w:p&gt;
  &lt;w:r&gt;
    &lt;w:br w:type=&quot;page&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;/w:r&gt;
&lt;/w:p&gt;
```</code></pre>
<p>The format name should match the target format name (see
<code>-t/--to</code>, above, for a list, or use
<code>pandoc --list-output-formats</code>). Use <code>openxml</code> for
<code>docx</code> output, <code>opendocument</code> for <code>odt</code>
output, <code>html5</code> for <code>epub3</code> output,
<code>html4</code> for <code>epub2</code> output, and
<code>latex</code>, <code>beamer</code>, <code>ms</code>, or
<code>html5</code> for <code>pdf</code> output (depending on what you
use for <code>--pdf-engine</code>).</p>
<p>This extension presupposes that the relevant kind of inline code or
fenced code block is enabled. Thus, for example, to use a raw attribute
with a backtick code block, <code>backtick_code_blocks</code> must be
enabled.</p>
<p>The raw attribute cannot be combined with regular attributes.</p>
<h2 id="latex-macros">LaTeX macros</h2>
<h3 id="extension-latex_macros">Extension:
<code>latex_macros</code></h3>
<p>When this extension is enabled, pandoc will parse LaTeX macro
definitions and apply the resulting macros to all LaTeX math and raw
LaTeX. So, for example, the following will work in all output formats,
not just LaTeX:</p>
<pre><code>\newcommand{\tuple}[1]{\langle #1 \rangle}

$\tuple{a, b, c}$</code></pre>
<p>Note that LaTeX macros will not be applied if they occur inside a raw
span or block marked with the <a
href="#extension-raw_attribute"><code>raw_attribute</code>
extension</a>.</p>
<p>When <code>latex_macros</code> is disabled, the raw LaTeX and math
will not have macros applied. This is usually a better approach when you
are targeting LaTeX or PDF.</p>
<p>Macro definitions in LaTeX will be passed through as raw LaTeX only
if <code>latex_macros</code> is not enabled. Macro definitions in
Markdown source (or other formats allowing <code>raw_tex</code>) will be
passed through regardless of whether <code>latex_macros</code> is
enabled.</p>
<h2 id="links-1">Links</h2>
<p>Markdown allows links to be specified in several ways.</p>
<h3 id="automatic-links">Automatic links</h3>
<p>If you enclose a URL or email address in pointy brackets, it will
become a link:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;https://google.com&gt;
&lt;sam@green.eggs.ham&gt;</code></pre>
<h3 id="inline-links">Inline links</h3>
<p>An inline link consists of the link text in square brackets, followed
by the URL in parentheses. (Optionally, the URL can be followed by a
link title, in quotes.)</p>
<pre><code>This is an [inline link](/url), and here&#39;s [one with
a title](https://fsf.org &quot;click here for a good time!&quot;).</code></pre>
<p>There can be no space between the bracketed part and the
parenthesized part. The link text can contain formatting (such as
emphasis), but the title cannot.</p>
<p>Email addresses in inline links are not autodetected, so they have to
be prefixed with <code>mailto</code>:</p>
<pre><code>[Write me!](mailto:sam@green.eggs.ham)</code></pre>
<h3 id="reference-links">Reference links</h3>
<p>An <em>explicit</em> reference link has two parts, the link itself
and the link definition, which may occur elsewhere in the document
(either before or after the link).</p>
<p>The link consists of link text in square brackets, followed by a
label in square brackets. (There cannot be space between the two unless
the <code>spaced_reference_links</code> extension is enabled.) If the
label is empty (<code>[]</code>), then it will be implicitly be taken to
be the same as the link text; thus <code>[foo][]</code> is equivalent to
<code>[foo][foo]</code>. (If the <code>shortcut_reference_links</code>
extension is enabled, the empty <code>[]</code> may be omitted.)</p>
<p>The link definition consists of the bracketed label, followed by a
colon and a space, followed by the URL, and optionally (after a space) a
link title either in quotes or in parentheses. The label must not be
parseable as a citation (assuming the <code>citations</code> extension
is enabled): citations take precedence over link labels.</p>
<p>Here are some examples of reference links and link definitions;</p>
<pre><code>See [the website *I* built][my website].

See [my website][] and [the bar page][1] and
the [home page of the FSF][fsf].

[my website]: http://foo.bar.baz
[1]: /foo/bar.html  &quot;My title, optional&quot;
[fsf]: https://fsf.org (The Free Software Foundation)
[special page]: /bar#special  &#39;A title in single quotes&#39;</code></pre>
<p>The URL in a link definition may optionally be surrounded by angle
brackets:</p>
<pre><code>[my label 5]: &lt;http://foo.bar.baz&gt;</code></pre>
<p>The title may go on the next line:</p>
<pre><code>[my label 3]: https://fsf.org
  &quot;The Free Software Foundation&quot;</code></pre>
<p>Note that link labels are not case sensitive. So, this will work:</p>
<pre><code>Here is [my link][FOO]

[Foo]: /bar/baz</code></pre>
<p>The link definition may come either before or after a reference link
that uses the label.</p>
<p>Note: In some Markdown implementations, reference link definitions
cannot occur in nested constructions such as list items or block quotes.
Pandoc lifts this arbitrary-seeming restriction. So the following is
fine in pandoc, though not in all implementations:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; My block [quote].
&gt;
&gt; [quote]: /foo</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-shortcut_reference_links">Extension:
<code>shortcut_reference_links</code></h3>
<p>In a <em>shortcut</em> reference link, the second pair of brackets
may be omitted entirely:</p>
<pre><code>See [my website].

[my website]: http://foo.bar.baz</code></pre>
<h3 id="internal-links">Internal links</h3>
<p>To link to another section of the same document, use the
automatically generated identifier (see <a
href="#heading-identifiers">Heading identifiers</a>). For example:</p>
<pre><code>See the [Introduction](#introduction).</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>See the [Introduction].

[Introduction]: #introduction</code></pre>
<p>Internal links are currently supported for HTML formats (including
HTML slide shows and EPUB), LaTeX, and ConTeXt.</p>
<h2 id="images">Images</h2>
<p>A link immediately preceded by a <code>!</code> will be treated as an
image. The link text will be used as the image’s alt text:</p>
<pre><code>![la lune](lalune.jpg &quot;Voyage to the moon&quot;)

![movie reel]

[movie reel]: movie.gif</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-implicit_figures">Extension:
<code>implicit_figures</code></h3>
<p>An image with nonempty alt text, occurring by itself in a paragraph,
will be rendered as a figure with a caption. The image’s description
will be used as the caption.</p>
<pre><code>![This is the caption.](image.png)</code></pre>
<p>How this is rendered depends on the output format. Some output
formats (e.g. RTF) do not yet support figures. In those formats, you’ll
just get an image in a paragraph by itself, with no caption.</p>
<p>If you just want a regular inline image, just make sure it is not the
only thing in the paragraph. One way to do this is to insert a
nonbreaking space after the image:</p>
<pre><code>![This image won&#39;t be a figure](image.png)\</code></pre>
<p>Note that in reveal.js slide shows, an image in a paragraph by itself
that has the <code>r-stretch</code> class will fill the screen, and the
caption and figure tags will be omitted.</p>
<p>To specify an alt text for the image that is different from the
caption, you can use an explicit attribute (assuming the
<code>link_attributes</code> extension is set):</p>
<pre><code>![The caption.](image.png){alt=&quot;description of image&quot;}</code></pre>
<p>For LaTeX output, you can specify a <a
href="https://www.overleaf.com/learn/latex/Positioning_images_and_tables#The_figure_environment">figure’s
positioning</a> by adding the <code>latex-placement</code>
attribute.</p>
<pre><code>![The caption.](image.png){latex-placement=&quot;ht&quot;}</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-link_attributes">Extension:
<code>link_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Attributes can be set on links and images:</p>
<pre><code>An inline ![image](foo.jpg){#id .class width=30 height=20px}
and a reference ![image][ref] with attributes.

[ref]: foo.jpg &quot;optional title&quot; {#id .class key=val key2=&quot;val 2&quot;}</code></pre>
<p>(This syntax is compatible with <a
href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">PHP Markdown
Extra</a> when only <code>#id</code> and <code>.class</code> are
used.)</p>
<p>For HTML and EPUB, all known HTML5 attributes except
<code>width</code> and <code>height</code> (but including
<code>srcset</code> and <code>sizes</code>) are passed through as is.
Unknown attributes are passed through as custom attributes, with
<code>data-</code> prepended. The other writers ignore attributes that
are not specifically supported by their output format.</p>
<p>The <code>width</code> and <code>height</code> attributes on images
are treated specially. When used without a unit, the unit is assumed to
be pixels. However, any of the following unit identifiers can be used:
<code>px</code>, <code>cm</code>, <code>mm</code>, <code>in</code>,
<code>inch</code> and <code>%</code>. There must not be any spaces
between the number and the unit. For example:</p>
<pre><code>![](file.jpg){ width=50% }</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>Dimensions may be converted to a form that is compatible with the
output format (for example, dimensions given in pixels will be converted
to inches when converting HTML to LaTeX). Conversion between pixels and
physical measurements is affected by the <code>--dpi</code> option (by
default, 96 dpi is assumed, unless the image itself contains dpi
information).</li>
<li>The <code>%</code> unit is generally relative to some available
space. For example the above example will render to the following.
<ul>
<li>HTML:
<code>&lt;img href="file.jpg" style="width: 50%;" /&gt;</code></li>
<li>LaTeX:
<code>\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth,height=\textheight]{file.jpg}</code>
(If you’re using a custom template, you need to configure
<code>graphicx</code> as in the default template.)</li>
<li>ConTeXt:
<code>\externalfigure[file.jpg][width=0.5\textwidth]</code></li>
</ul></li>
<li>Some output formats have a notion of a class (<a
href="https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Using_Graphics#Multiple_Image_Settings">ConTeXt</a>)
or a unique identifier (LaTeX <code>\caption</code>), or both
(HTML).</li>
<li>When no <code>width</code> or <code>height</code> attributes are
specified, the fallback is to look at the image resolution and the dpi
metadata embedded in the image file.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="divs-and-spans">Divs and Spans</h2>
<p>Using the <code>native_divs</code> and <code>native_spans</code>
extensions (see <a href="#extension-native_divs">above</a>), HTML syntax
can be used as part of Markdown to create native <code>Div</code> and
<code>Span</code> elements in the pandoc AST (as opposed to raw HTML).
However, there is also nicer syntax available:</p>
<h3 id="extension-fenced_divs">Extension: <code>fenced_divs</code></h3>
<p>Allow special fenced syntax for native <code>Div</code> blocks. A Div
starts with a fence containing at least three consecutive colons plus
some attributes. The attributes may optionally be followed by another
string of consecutive colons.</p>
<p>Note: the <code>commonmark</code> parser doesn’t permit colons after
the attributes.</p>
<p>The attribute syntax is exactly as in fenced code blocks (see <a
href="#extension-fenced_code_attributes">Extension:
<code>fenced_code_attributes</code></a>). As with fenced code blocks,
one can use either attributes in curly braces or a single unbraced word,
which will be treated as a class name. The Div ends with another line
containing a string of at least three consecutive colons. The fenced Div
should be separated by blank lines from preceding and following
blocks.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<pre><code>::::: {#special .sidebar}
Here is a paragraph.

And another.
:::::</code></pre>
<p>Fenced divs can be nested. Opening fences are distinguished because
they <em>must</em> have attributes:</p>
<pre><code>::: Warning ::::::
This is a warning.

::: Danger
This is a warning within a warning.
:::
::::::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<p>Fences without attributes are always closing fences. Unlike with
fenced code blocks, the number of colons in the closing fence need not
match the number in the opening fence. However, it can be helpful for
visual clarity to use fences of different lengths to distinguish nested
divs from their parents.</p>
<h3 id="extension-bracketed_spans">Extension:
<code>bracketed_spans</code></h3>
<p>A bracketed sequence of inlines, as one would use to begin a link,
will be treated as a <code>Span</code> with attributes if it is followed
immediately by attributes:</p>
<pre><code>[This is *some text*]{.class key=&quot;val&quot;}</code></pre>
<h2 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h2>
<h3 id="extension-footnotes">Extension: <code>footnotes</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc’s Markdown allows footnotes, using the following syntax:</p>
<pre><code>Here is a footnote reference,[^1] and another.[^longnote]

[^1]: Here is the footnote.

[^longnote]: Here&#39;s one with multiple blocks.

    Subsequent paragraphs are indented to show that they
belong to the previous footnote.

        { some.code }

    The whole paragraph can be indented, or just the first
    line.  In this way, multi-paragraph footnotes work like
    multi-paragraph list items.

This paragraph won&#39;t be part of the note, because it
isn&#39;t indented.</code></pre>
<p>The identifiers in footnote references may not contain spaces, tabs,
newlines, or the characters <code>^</code>, <code>[</code>, or
<code>]</code>. These identifiers are used only to correlate the
footnote reference with the note itself; in the output, footnotes will
be numbered sequentially.</p>
<p>The footnotes themselves need not be placed at the end of the
document. They may appear anywhere except inside other block elements
(lists, block quotes, tables, etc.). Each footnote should be separated
from surrounding content (including other footnotes) by blank lines.</p>
<h3 id="extension-inline_notes">Extension:
<code>inline_notes</code></h3>
<p>Inline footnotes are also allowed (though, unlike regular notes, they
cannot contain multiple paragraphs). The syntax is as follows:</p>
<pre><code>Here is an inline note.^[Inline notes are easier to write, since
you don&#39;t have to pick an identifier and move down to type the
note.]</code></pre>
<p>Inline and regular footnotes may be mixed freely.</p>
<h2 id="citation-syntax">Citation syntax</h2>
<h3 id="extension-citations">Extension: <code>citations</code></h3>
<p>To cite a bibliographic item with an identifier foo, use the syntax
<code>@foo</code>. Normal citations should be included in square
brackets, with semicolons separating distinct items:</p>
<pre><code>Blah blah [@doe99; @smith2000; @smith2004].</code></pre>
<p>How this is rendered depends on the citation style. In an author-date
style, it might render as</p>
<pre><code>Blah blah (Doe 1999, Smith 2000, 2004).</code></pre>
<p>In a footnote style, it might render as</p>
<pre><code>Blah blah.[^1]

[^1]:  John Doe, &quot;Frogs,&quot; *Journal of Amphibians* 44 (1999);
Susan Smith, &quot;Flies,&quot; *Journal of Insects* (2000);
Susan Smith, &quot;Bees,&quot; *Journal of Insects* (2004).</code></pre>
<p>See the <a href="https://citationstyles.org/authors/">CSL user
documentation</a> for more information about CSL styles and how they
affect rendering.</p>
<p>Unless a citation key starts with a letter, digit, or <code>_</code>,
and contains only alphanumerics and single internal punctuation
characters (<code>:.#$%&amp;-+?&lt;&gt;~/</code>), it must be surrounded
by curly braces, which are not considered part of the key. In
<code>@Foo_bar.baz.</code>, the key is <code>Foo_bar.baz</code> because
the final period is not <em>internal</em> punctuation, so it is not
included in the key. In <code>@{Foo_bar.baz.}</code>, the key is
<code>Foo_bar.baz.</code>, including the final period. In
<code>@Foo_bar--baz</code>, the key is <code>Foo_bar</code> because the
repeated internal punctuation characters terminate the key. The curly
braces are recommended if you use URLs as keys:
<code>[@{https://example.com/bib?name=foobar&amp;date=2000}, p.  33]</code>.</p>
<p>Citation items may optionally include a prefix, a locator, and a
suffix. In</p>
<pre><code>Blah blah [see @doe99, pp. 33-35 and *passim*; @smith04, chap. 1].</code></pre>
<p>the first item (<code>doe99</code>) has prefix <code>see</code>,
locator <code>pp.  33-35</code>, and suffix <code>and *passim*</code>.
The second item (<code>smith04</code>) has locator <code>chap. 1</code>
and no prefix or suffix.</p>
<p>Pandoc uses some heuristics to separate the locator from the rest of
the subject. It is sensitive to the locator terms defined in the <a
href="https://github.com/citation-style-language/locales">CSL locale
files</a>. Either abbreviated or unabbreviated forms are accepted. In
the <code>en-US</code> locale, locator terms can be written in either
singular or plural forms, as <code>book</code>,
<code>bk.</code>/<code>bks.</code>; <code>chapter</code>,
<code>chap.</code>/<code>chaps.</code>; <code>column</code>,
<code>col.</code>/<code>cols.</code>; <code>figure</code>,
<code>fig.</code>/<code>figs.</code>; <code>folio</code>,
<code>fol.</code>/<code>fols.</code>; <code>number</code>,
<code>no.</code>/<code>nos.</code>; <code>line</code>,
<code>l.</code>/<code>ll.</code>; <code>note</code>,
<code>n.</code>/<code>nn.</code>; <code>opus</code>,
<code>op.</code>/<code>opp.</code>; <code>page</code>,
<code>p.</code>/<code>pp.</code>; <code>paragraph</code>,
<code>para.</code>/<code>paras.</code>; <code>part</code>,
<code>pt.</code>/<code>pts.</code>; <code>section</code>,
<code>sec.</code>/<code>secs.</code>; <code>sub verbo</code>,
<code>s.v.</code>/<code>s.vv.</code>; <code>verse</code>,
<code>v.</code>/<code>vv.</code>; <code>volume</code>,
<code>vol.</code>/<code>vols.</code>; <code>¶</code>/<code>¶¶</code>;
<code>§</code>/<code>§§</code>. If no locator term is used, “page” is
assumed.</p>
<p>In complex cases, you can force something to be treated as a locator
by enclosing it in curly braces or prevent parsing the suffix as locator
by prepending curly braces:</p>
<pre><code>[@smith{ii, A, D-Z}, with a suffix]
[@smith, {pp. iv, vi-xi, (xv)-(xvii)} with suffix here]
[@smith{}, 99 years later]</code></pre>
<p>A minus sign (<code>-</code>) before the <code>@</code> will suppress
mention of the author in the citation. This can be useful when the
author is already mentioned in the text:</p>
<pre><code>Smith says blah [-@smith04].</code></pre>
<p>You can also write an author-in-text citation, by omitting the square
brackets:</p>
<pre><code>@smith04 says blah.

@smith04 [p. 33] says blah.</code></pre>
<p>This will cause the author’s name to be rendered, followed by the
bibliographical details. Use this form when you want to make the
citation the subject of a sentence.</p>
<p>When you are using a note style, it is usually better to let citeproc
create the footnotes from citations rather than writing an explicit
note. If you do write an explicit note that contains a citation, note
that normal citations will be put in parentheses, while author-in-text
citations will not. For this reason, it is sometimes preferable to use
the author-in-text style inside notes when using a note style.</p>
<p>Many CSL styles will format citations differently when the same
source has been cited earlier. In documents with chapters, it is usually
desirable to reset this position information at the beginning of every
chapter. To do this, add the class <code>reset-citation-positions</code>
to the heading for each chapter:</p>
<pre><code># The Beginning {.reset-citation-positions}</code></pre>
<p>Note that this class only has an effect when placed on top-level
headings; it is ignored in nested blocks.</p>
<h2 id="non-default-extensions">Non-default extensions</h2>
<p>The following Markdown syntax extensions are not enabled by default
in pandoc, but may be enabled by adding <code>+EXTENSION</code> to the
format name, where <code>EXTENSION</code> is the name of the extension.
Thus, for example, <code>markdown+hard_line_breaks</code> is Markdown
with hard line breaks.</p>
<h3 id="extension-rebase_relative_paths">Extension:
<code>rebase_relative_paths</code></h3>
<p>Rewrite relative paths for Markdown links and images, depending on
the path of the file containing the link or image link. For each link or
image, pandoc will compute the directory of the containing file,
relative to the working directory, and prepend the resulting path to the
link or image path.</p>
<p>The use of this extension is best understood by example. Suppose you
have a subdirectory for each chapter of a book, <code>chap1</code>,
<code>chap2</code>, <code>chap3</code>. Each contains a file
<code>text.md</code> and a number of images used in the chapter. You
would like to have <code>![image](spider.jpg)</code> in
<code>chap1/text.md</code> refer to <code>chap1/spider.jpg</code> and
<code>![image](spider.jpg)</code> in <code>chap2/text.md</code> refer to
<code>chap2/spider.jpg</code>. To do this, use</p>
<pre><code>pandoc chap*/*.md -f markdown+rebase_relative_paths</code></pre>
<p>Without this extension, you would have to use
<code>![image](chap1/spider.jpg)</code> in <code>chap1/text.md</code>
and <code>![image](chap2/spider.jpg)</code> in
<code>chap2/text.md</code>. Links with relative paths will be rewritten
in the same way as images.</p>
<p>Absolute paths and URLs are not changed. Neither are empty paths or
paths consisting entirely of a fragment, e.g., <code>#foo</code>.</p>
<p>Note that relative paths in reference links and images will be
rewritten relative to the file containing the link reference definition,
not the file containing the reference link or image itself, if these
differ.</p>
<h3 id="extension-mark">Extension: <code>mark</code></h3>
<p>To highlight out a section of text, begin and end it with with
<code>==</code>. Thus, for example,</p>
<pre><code>This ==is deleted text.==</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-attributes">Extension: <code>attributes</code></h3>
<p>Allows attributes to be attached to any inline or block-level element
when parsing <code>commonmark</code>. The syntax for the attributes is
the same as that used in <a
href="#extension-header_attributes"><code>header_attributes</code></a>.</p>
<ul>
<li>Attributes that occur immediately after an inline element affect
that element. If they follow a space, then they belong to the space.
(Hence, this option subsumes <code>inline_code_attributes</code> and
<code>link_attributes</code>.)</li>
<li>Attributes that occur immediately before a block element, on a line
by themselves, affect that element.</li>
<li>Consecutive attribute specifiers may be used, either for blocks or
for inlines. Their attributes will be combined.</li>
<li>Attributes that occur at the end of the text of a Setext or ATX
heading (separated by whitespace from the text) affect the heading
element. (Hence, this option subsumes
<code>header_attributes</code>.)</li>
<li>Attributes that occur after the opening fence in a fenced code block
affect the code block element. (Hence, this option subsumes
<code>fenced_code_attributes</code>.)</li>
<li>Attributes that occur at the end of a reference link definition
affect links that refer to that definition.</li>
</ul>
<p>Note that pandoc’s AST does not currently allow attributes to be
attached to arbitrary elements. Hence a Span or Div container will be
added if needed.</p>
<h3 id="extension-old_dashes">Extension: <code>old_dashes</code></h3>
<p>Selects the pandoc &lt;= 1.8.2.1 behavior for parsing smart dashes:
<code>-</code> before a numeral is an en-dash, and <code>--</code> is an
em-dash. This option only has an effect if <code>smart</code> is
enabled. It is selected automatically for <code>textile</code>
input.</p>
<h3 id="extension-angle_brackets_escapable">Extension:
<code>angle_brackets_escapable</code></h3>
<p>Allow <code>&lt;</code> and <code>&gt;</code> to be
backslash-escaped, as they can be in GitHub flavored Markdown but not
original Markdown. This is implied by pandoc’s default
<code>all_symbols_escapable</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-lists_without_preceding_blankline">Extension:
<code>lists_without_preceding_blankline</code></h3>
<p>Allow a list to occur right after a paragraph, with no intervening
blank space.</p>
<h3 id="extension-four_space_rule">Extension:
<code>four_space_rule</code></h3>
<p>Selects the pandoc &lt;= 2.0 behavior for parsing lists, so that four
spaces indent are needed for list item continuation paragraphs.</p>
<h3 id="extension-spaced_reference_links">Extension:
<code>spaced_reference_links</code></h3>
<p>Allow whitespace between the two components of a reference link, for
example,</p>
<pre><code>[foo] [bar].</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-hard_line_breaks">Extension:
<code>hard_line_breaks</code></h3>
<p>Causes all newlines within a paragraph to be interpreted as hard line
breaks instead of spaces.</p>
<h3 id="extension-ignore_line_breaks">Extension:
<code>ignore_line_breaks</code></h3>
<p>Causes newlines within a paragraph to be ignored, rather than being
treated as spaces or as hard line breaks. This option is intended for
use with East Asian languages where spaces are not used between words,
but text is divided into lines for readability.</p>
<h3 id="extension-east_asian_line_breaks">Extension:
<code>east_asian_line_breaks</code></h3>
<p>Causes newlines within a paragraph to be ignored, rather than being
treated as spaces or as hard line breaks, when they occur between two
East Asian wide characters. This is a better choice than
<code>ignore_line_breaks</code> for texts that include a mix of East
Asian wide characters and other characters.</p>
<h3 id="extension-emoji">Extension: <code>emoji</code></h3>
<p>Parses textual emojis like <code>:smile:</code> as Unicode
emoticons.</p>
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_gfm">Extension:
<code>tex_math_gfm</code></h3>
<p>Supports two GitHub-specific formats for math. Inline math:
<code>$`e=mc^2`$</code>.</p>
<p>Display math:</p>
<pre><code>``` math
e=mc^2
```</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_single_backslash">Extension:
<code>tex_math_single_backslash</code></h3>
<p>Causes anything between <code>\(</code> and <code>\)</code> to be
interpreted as inline TeX math, and anything between <code>\[</code> and
<code>\]</code> to be interpreted as display TeX math. Note: a drawback
of this extension is that it precludes escaping <code>(</code> and
<code>[</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-tex_math_double_backslash">Extension:
<code>tex_math_double_backslash</code></h3>
<p>Causes anything between <code>\\(</code> and <code>\\)</code> to be
interpreted as inline TeX math, and anything between <code>\\[</code>
and <code>\\]</code> to be interpreted as display TeX math.</p>
<h3 id="extension-markdown_attribute">Extension:
<code>markdown_attribute</code></h3>
<p>By default, pandoc interprets material inside block-level tags as
Markdown. This extension changes the behavior so that Markdown is only
parsed inside block-level tags if the tags have the attribute
<code>markdown=1</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-mmd_title_block">Extension:
<code>mmd_title_block</code></h3>
<p>Enables a <a
href="https://fletcherpenney.net/multimarkdown/">MultiMarkdown</a> style
title block at the top of the document, for example:</p>
<pre><code>Title:   My title
Author:  John Doe
Date:    September 1, 2008
Comment: This is a sample mmd title block, with
         a field spanning multiple lines.</code></pre>
<p>See the MultiMarkdown documentation for details. If
<code>pandoc_title_block</code> or <code>yaml_metadata_block</code> is
enabled, it will take precedence over <code>mmd_title_block</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-abbreviations">Extension:
<code>abbreviations</code></h3>
<p>Parses PHP Markdown Extra abbreviation keys, like</p>
<pre><code>*[HTML]: Hypertext Markup Language</code></pre>
<p>Note that the pandoc document model does not support abbreviations,
so if this extension is enabled, abbreviation keys are simply skipped
(as opposed to being parsed as paragraphs).</p>
<h3 id="extension-alerts">Extension: <code>alerts</code></h3>
<p>Supports <a
href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax#alerts">GitHub-style
Markdown alerts</a>, like</p>
<pre><code>&gt; [!TIP]
&gt; Helpful advice for doing things better or more easily.</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-autolink_bare_uris">Extension:
<code>autolink_bare_uris</code></h3>
<p>Makes all absolute URIs into links, even when not surrounded by
pointy braces <code>&lt;...&gt;</code>.</p>
<h3 id="extension-mmd_link_attributes">Extension:
<code>mmd_link_attributes</code></h3>
<p>Parses MultiMarkdown-style key-value attributes on link and image
references. This extension should not be confused with the <a
href="#extension-link_attributes"><code>link_attributes</code></a>
extension.</p>
<pre><code>This is a reference ![image][ref] with MultiMarkdown attributes.

[ref]: https://path.to/image &quot;Image title&quot; width=20px height=30px
       id=myId class=&quot;myClass1 myClass2&quot;</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-mmd_header_identifiers">Extension:
<code>mmd_header_identifiers</code></h3>
<p>Parses MultiMarkdown-style heading identifiers (in square brackets,
after the heading but before any trailing <code>#</code>s in an ATX
heading).</p>
<h3 id="extension-gutenberg">Extension: <code>gutenberg</code></h3>
<p>Use <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">Project Gutenberg</a>
conventions for <code>plain</code> output: all-caps for strong emphasis,
surround by underscores for regular emphasis, add extra blank space
around headings.</p>
<h3 id="extension-sourcepos">Extension: <code>sourcepos</code></h3>
<p>Include source position attributes when parsing
<code>commonmark</code>. For elements that accept attributes, a
<code>data-pos</code> attribute is added; other elements are placed in a
surrounding Div or Span element with a <code>data-pos</code>
attribute.</p>
<h3 id="extension-short_subsuperscripts">Extension:
<code>short_subsuperscripts</code></h3>
<p>Parse MultiMarkdown-style subscripts and superscripts, which start
with a ‘~’ or ‘^’ character, respectively, and include the alphanumeric
sequence that follows. For example:</p>
<pre><code>x^2 = 4</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>Oxygen is O~2.</code></pre>
<h3 id="extension-wikilinks_title_after_pipe">Extension:
<code>wikilinks_title_after_pipe</code></h3>
<p>Pandoc supports multiple Markdown wikilink syntaxes, regardless of
whether the title is before or after the pipe.</p>
<p>Using <code>--from=markdown+wikilinks_title_after_pipe</code> results
in</p>
<pre class="[[wiki]]"><code>[[URL|title]]</code></pre>
<p>while using <code>--from=markdown+wikilinks_title_before_pipe</code>
results in</p>
<pre class="[[wiki]]"><code>[[title|URL]]</code></pre>
<h2 id="markdown-variants">Markdown variants</h2>
<p>In addition to pandoc’s extended Markdown, the following Markdown
variants are supported:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>markdown_phpextra</code> (PHP Markdown Extra)</li>
<li><code>markdown_github</code> (deprecated GitHub-Flavored
Markdown)</li>
<li><code>markdown_mmd</code> (MultiMarkdown)</li>
<li><code>markdown_strict</code> (Markdown.pl)</li>
<li><code>commonmark</code> (CommonMark)</li>
<li><code>gfm</code> (Github-Flavored Markdown)</li>
<li><code>commonmark_x</code> (CommonMark with many pandoc
extensions)</li>
</ul>
<p>To see which extensions are supported for a given format, and which
are enabled by default, you can use the command</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --list-extensions=FORMAT</code></pre>
<p>where <code>FORMAT</code> is replaced with the name of the
format.</p>
<p>Note that the list of extensions for <code>commonmark</code>,
<code>gfm</code>, and <code>commonmark_x</code> are defined relative to
default commonmark. So, for example, <code>backtick_code_blocks</code>
does not appear as an extension, since it is enabled by default and
cannot be disabled.</p>
<h1 id="citations">Citations</h1>
<p>When the <code>--citeproc</code> option is used, pandoc can
automatically generate citations and a bibliography in a number of
styles. Basic usage is</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --citeproc myinput.txt</code></pre>
<p>To use this feature, you will need to have</p>
<ul>
<li>a document containing citations (see <a
href="#citation-syntax">Citation syntax</a>);</li>
<li>a source of bibliographic data: either an external bibliography file
or a list of <code>references</code> in the document’s YAML
metadata;</li>
<li>optionally, a <a
href="https://docs.citationstyles.org/en/stable/specification.html">CSL</a>
citation style.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="specifying-bibliographic-data">Specifying bibliographic
data</h2>
<p>You can specify an external bibliography using the
<code>bibliography</code> metadata field in a YAML metadata section or
the <code>--bibliography</code> command line argument. If you want to
use multiple bibliography files, you can supply multiple
<code>--bibliography</code> arguments or set <code>bibliography</code>
metadata field to YAML array. A bibliography may have any of these
formats:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">Format</th>
<th>File extension</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">BibLaTeX</td>
<td>.bib</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">BibTeX</td>
<td>.bibtex</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">CSL JSON</td>
<td>.json</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">CSL YAML</td>
<td>.yaml</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">RIS</td>
<td>.ris</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note that <code>.bib</code> can be used with both BibTeX and BibLaTeX
files; use the extension <code>.bibtex</code> to force interpretation as
BibTeX.</p>
<p>In BibTeX and BibLaTeX databases, pandoc parses LaTeX markup inside
fields such as <code>title</code>; in CSL YAML databases, pandoc
Markdown; and in CSL JSON databases, an <a
href="https://citeproc-js.readthedocs.io/en/latest/csl-json/markup.html#html-like-formatting-tags">HTML-like
markup</a>:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>&lt;i&gt;...&lt;/i&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
italics
</dd>
<dt><code>&lt;b&gt;...&lt;/b&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
bold
</dd>
<dt><code>&lt;span style="font-variant:small-caps;"&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;</code>
or <code>&lt;sc&gt;...&lt;/sc&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
small capitals
</dd>
<dt><code>&lt;sub&gt;...&lt;/sub&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
subscript
</dd>
<dt><code>&lt;sup&gt;...&lt;/sup&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
superscript
</dd>
<dt><code>&lt;span class="nocase"&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;</code></dt>
<dd>
prevent a phrase from being capitalized as title case
</dd>
</dl>
<p>As an alternative to specifying a bibliography file using
<code>--bibliography</code> or the YAML metadata field
<code>bibliography</code>, you can include the citation data directly in
the <code>references</code> field of the document’s YAML metadata. The
field should contain an array of YAML-encoded references, for
example:</p>
<pre><code>---
references:
- type: article-journal
  id: WatsonCrick1953
  author:
  - family: Watson
    given: J. D.
  - family: Crick
    given: F. H. C.
  issued:
    date-parts:
    - - 1953
      - 4
      - 25
  title: &#39;Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for
    deoxyribose nucleic acid&#39;
  title-short: Molecular structure of nucleic acids
  container-title: Nature
  volume: 171
  issue: 4356
  page: 737-738
  DOI: 10.1038/171737a0
  URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/171737a0
  language: en-GB
...</code></pre>
<p>If both an external bibliography and inline (YAML metadata)
references are provided, both will be used. In case of conflicting
<code>id</code>s, the inline references will take precedence.</p>
<p>Note that pandoc can be used to produce such a YAML metadata section
from a BibTeX, BibLaTeX, or CSL JSON bibliography:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc chem.bib -s -f biblatex -t markdown
pandoc chem.json -s -f csljson -t markdown</code></pre>
<p>Indeed, pandoc can convert between any of these citation formats:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc chem.bib -s -f biblatex -t csljson
pandoc chem.yaml -s -f markdown -t biblatex</code></pre>
<p>Running pandoc on a bibliography file with the
<code>--citeproc</code> option will create a formatted bibliography in
the format of your choice:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc chem.bib -s --citeproc -o chem.html
pandoc chem.bib -s --citeproc -o chem.pdf</code></pre>
<h3 id="capitalization-in-titles">Capitalization in titles</h3>
<p>If you are using a bibtex or biblatex bibliography, then observe the
following rules:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>English titles should be in title case. Non-English titles should
be in sentence case, and the <code>langid</code> field in biblatex
should be set to the relevant language. (The following values are
treated as English: <code>american</code>, <code>british</code>,
<code>canadian</code>, <code>english</code>, <code>australian</code>,
<code>newzealand</code>, <code>USenglish</code>, or
<code>UKenglish</code>.)</p></li>
<li><p>As is standard with bibtex/biblatex, proper names should be
protected with curly braces so that they won’t be lowercased in styles
that call for sentence case. For example:</p>
<pre><code>title = {My Dinner with {Andre}}</code></pre></li>
<li><p>In addition, words that should remain lowercase (or camelCase)
should be protected:</p>
<pre><code>title = {Spin Wave Dispersion on the {nm} Scale}</code></pre>
<p>Though this is not necessary in bibtex/biblatex, it is necessary with
citeproc, which stores titles internally in sentence case, and converts
to title case in styles that require it. Here we protect “nm” so that it
doesn’t get converted to “Nm” at this stage.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If you are using a CSL bibliography (either JSON or YAML), then
observe the following rules:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>All titles should be in sentence case.</p></li>
<li><p>Use the <code>language</code> field for non-English titles to
prevent their conversion to title case in styles that call for this.
(Conversion happens only if <code>language</code> begins with
<code>en</code> or is left empty.)</p></li>
<li><p>Protect words that should not be converted to title case using
this syntax:</p>
<pre><code>Spin wave dispersion on the &lt;span class=&quot;nocase&quot;&gt;nm&lt;/span&gt; scale</code></pre></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="conference-papers-published-vs.-unpublished">Conference Papers,
Published vs. Unpublished</h3>
<p>For a formally published conference paper, use the biblatex entry
type <code>inproceedings</code> (which will be mapped to CSL
<code>paper-conference</code>).</p>
<p>For an unpublished manuscript, use the biblatex entry type
<code>unpublished</code> without an <code>eventtitle</code> field (this
entry type will be mapped to CSL <code>manuscript</code>).</p>
<p>For a talk, an unpublished conference paper, or a poster
presentation, use the biblatex entry type <code>unpublished</code> with
an <code>eventtitle</code> field (this entry type will be mapped to CSL
<code>speech</code>). Use the biblatex <code>type</code> field to
indicate the type, e.g. “Paper”, or “Poster”. <code>venue</code> and
<code>eventdate</code> may be useful too, though <code>eventdate</code>
will not be rendered by most CSL styles. Note that <code>venue</code> is
for the event’s venue, unlike <code>location</code> which describes the
publisher’s location; do not use the latter for an unpublished
conference paper.</p>
<h2 id="specifying-a-citation-style">Specifying a citation style</h2>
<p>Citations and references can be formatted using any style supported
by the <a href="https://citationstyles.org">Citation Style Language</a>,
listed in the <a href="https://www.zotero.org/styles">Zotero Style
Repository</a>. These files are specified using the <code>--csl</code>
option or the <code>csl</code> (or <code>citation-style</code>) metadata
field. By default, pandoc will use the <a
href="https://chicagomanualofstyle.org">Chicago Manual of Style</a>
author-date format. (You can override this default by copying a CSL
style of your choice to <code>default.csl</code> in your user data
directory.) The CSL project provides further information on <a
href="https://citationstyles.org/authors/">finding and editing
styles</a>.</p>
<p>The <code>--citation-abbreviations</code> option (or the
<code>citation-abbreviations</code> metadata field) may be used to
specify a JSON file containing abbreviations of journals that should be
used in formatted bibliographies when <code>form="short"</code> is
specified. The format of the file can be illustrated with an
example:</p>
<pre><code>{ &quot;default&quot;: {
    &quot;container-title&quot;: {
            &quot;Lloyd&#39;s Law Reports&quot;: &quot;Lloyd&#39;s Rep&quot;,
            &quot;Estates Gazette&quot;: &quot;EG&quot;,
            &quot;Scots Law Times&quot;: &quot;SLT&quot;
    }
  }
}</code></pre>
<h2 id="citations-in-note-styles">Citations in note styles</h2>
<p>Pandoc’s citation processing is designed to allow you to move between
author-date, numerical, and note styles without modifying the Markdown
source. When you’re using a note style, avoid inserting footnotes
manually. Instead, insert citations just as you would in an author-date
style—for example,</p>
<pre><code>Blah blah [@foo, p. 33].</code></pre>
<p>The footnote will be created automatically. Pandoc will take care of
removing the space and moving the note before or after the period,
depending on the setting of <code>notes-after-punctuation</code>, as
described below in <a href="#other-relevant-metadata-fields">Other
relevant metadata fields</a>.</p>
<p>In some cases you may need to put a citation inside a regular
footnote. Normal citations in footnotes (such as
<code>[@foo, p. 33]</code>) will be rendered in parentheses. In-text
citations (such as <code>@foo [p. 33]</code>) will be rendered without
parentheses. (A comma will be added if appropriate.) Thus:</p>
<pre><code>[^1]:  Some studies [@foo; @bar, p. 33] show that
frubulicious zoosnaps are quantical.  For a survey
of the literature, see @baz [chap. 1].</code></pre>
<h2 id="placement-of-the-bibliography">Placement of the
bibliography</h2>
<p>If the style calls for a list of works cited, it will be placed in a
div with id <code>refs</code>, if one exists:<a href="#fn4"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref4" role="doc-noteref"><sup>4</sup></a></p>
<pre><code>::: {#refs}
:::</code></pre>
<p>Otherwise, it will be placed at the end of the document. Generation
of the bibliography can be suppressed by setting
<code>suppress-bibliography: true</code> in the YAML metadata.</p>
<p>If you wish the bibliography to have a section heading, you can set
<code>reference-section-title</code> in the metadata, or put the heading
at the beginning of the div with id <code>refs</code> (if you are using
it) or at the end of your document:</p>
<pre><code>last paragraph...

# References</code></pre>
<p>The bibliography will be inserted after this heading. Note that the
<code>unnumbered</code> class will be added to this heading, so that the
section will not be numbered.</p>
<p>If you want to put the bibliography into a variable in your template,
one way to do that is to put the div with id <code>refs</code> into a
metadata field, e.g.</p>
<pre><code>---
refs: |
   ::: {#refs}
   :::
...</code></pre>
<p>You can then put the variable <code>$refs$</code> into your template
where you want the bibliography to be placed.</p>
<h2 id="including-uncited-items-in-the-bibliography">Including uncited
items in the bibliography</h2>
<p>If you want to include items in the bibliography without actually
citing them in the body text, you can define a dummy <code>nocite</code>
metadata field and put the citations there:</p>
<pre><code>---
nocite: |
  @item1, @item2
...

@item3</code></pre>
<p>In this example, the document will contain a citation for
<code>item3</code> only, but the bibliography will contain entries for
<code>item1</code>, <code>item2</code>, and <code>item3</code>.</p>
<p>It is possible to create a bibliography with all the citations,
whether or not they appear in the document, by using a wildcard:</p>
<pre><code>---
nocite: |
  @*
...</code></pre>
<p>For LaTeX output, you can also use <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/natbib"><code>natbib</code></a> or <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex"><code>biblatex</code></a> to render
the bibliography. In order to do so, specify bibliography files as
outlined above, and add <code>--natbib</code> or <code>--biblatex</code>
argument to pandoc invocation. Bear in mind that bibliography files have
to be in either BibTeX (for <code>--natbib</code>) or BibLaTeX (for
<code>--biblatex</code>) format.</p>
<h2 id="other-relevant-metadata-fields">Other relevant metadata
fields</h2>
<p>A few other metadata fields affect bibliography formatting:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>link-citations</code></dt>
<dd>
If true, citations will be hyperlinked to the corresponding bibliography
entries (for author-date and numerical styles only). Defaults to false.
</dd>
<dt><code>link-bibliography</code></dt>
<dd>
If true, DOIs, PMCIDs, PMID, and URLs in bibliographies will be rendered
as hyperlinks. (If an entry contains a DOI, PMCID, PMID, or URL, but
none of these fields are rendered by the style, then the title, or in
the absence of a title the whole entry, will be hyperlinked.) Defaults
to true.
</dd>
<dt><code>lang</code></dt>
<dd>
The <code>lang</code> field will affect how the style is localized, for
example in the translation of labels, the use of quotation marks, and
the way items are sorted. (For backwards compatibility,
<code>locale</code> may be used instead of <code>lang</code>, but this
use is deprecated.)
A BCP 47 language tag is expected: for example, <code>en</code>,
<code>de</code>, <code>en-US</code>, <code>fr-CA</code>,
<code>ug-Cyrl</code>. The unicode extension syntax (after
<code>-u-</code>) may be used to specify options for collation (sorting)
more precisely. Here are some examples:
<ul>
<li><code>zh-u-co-pinyin</code>: Chinese with the Pinyin collation.</li>
<li><code>es-u-co-trad</code>: Spanish with the traditional collation
(with <code>Ch</code> sorting after <code>C</code>).</li>
<li><code>fr-u-kb</code>: French with “backwards” accent sorting (with
<code>coté</code> sorting after <code>côte</code>).</li>
<li><code>en-US-u-kf-upper</code>: English with uppercase letters
sorting before lower (default is lower before upper).</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt><code>notes-after-punctuation</code></dt>
<dd>
If true (the default for note styles), pandoc will put footnote
references or superscripted numerical citations after following
punctuation. For example, if the source contains
<code>blah blah [@jones99].</code>, the result will look like
<code>blah blah.[^1]</code>, with the note moved after the period and
the space collapsed. If false, the space will still be collapsed, but
the footnote will not be moved after the punctuation. The option may
also be used in numerical styles that use superscripts for citation
numbers (but for these styles the default is not to move the citation).
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="slide-shows">Slide shows</h1>
<p>You can use pandoc to produce an HTML + JavaScript slide presentation
that can be viewed via a web browser. There are five ways to do this,
using <a href="https://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/s5/">S5</a>, <a
href="https://paulrouget.com/dzslides/">DZSlides</a>, <a
href="https://www.w3.org/Talks/Tools/Slidy2/">Slidy</a>, <a
href="https://goessner.net/articles/slideous/">Slideous</a>, or <a
href="https://revealjs.com/">reveal.js</a>. You can also produce a PDF
slide show using LaTeX <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/beamer"><code>beamer</code></a>, or slide
shows in Microsoft <a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint">PowerPoint</a>
format.</p>
<p>Here’s the Markdown source for a simple slide show,
<code>habits.txt</code>:</p>
<pre><code>% Habits
% John Doe
% March 22, 2005

# In the morning

## Getting up

- Turn off alarm
- Get out of bed

## Breakfast

- Eat eggs
- Drink coffee

# In the evening

## Dinner

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

------------------

![picture of spaghetti](images/spaghetti.jpg)

## Going to sleep

- Get in bed
- Count sheep</code></pre>
<p>To produce an HTML/JavaScript slide show, simply type</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t FORMAT -s habits.txt -o habits.html</code></pre>
<p>where <code>FORMAT</code> is either <code>s5</code>,
<code>slidy</code>, <code>slideous</code>, <code>dzslides</code>, or
<code>revealjs</code>.</p>
<p>For Slidy, Slideous, reveal.js, and S5, the file produced by pandoc
with the <code>-s/--standalone</code> option embeds a link to JavaScript
and CSS files, which are assumed to be available at the relative path
<code>s5/default</code> (for S5), <code>slideous</code> (for Slideous),
<code>reveal.js</code> (for reveal.js), or at the Slidy website at
<code>w3.org</code> (for Slidy). (These paths can be changed by setting
the <code>slidy-url</code>, <code>slideous-url</code>,
<code>revealjs-url</code>, or <code>s5-url</code> variables; see <a
href="#variables-for-html-slides">Variables for HTML slides</a>, above.)
For DZSlides, the (relatively short) JavaScript and CSS are included in
the file by default.</p>
<p>With all HTML slide formats, the <code>--self-contained</code> option
can be used to produce a single file that contains all of the data
necessary to display the slide show, including linked scripts,
stylesheets, images, and videos.</p>
<p>To produce a PDF slide show using beamer, type</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t beamer habits.txt -o habits.pdf</code></pre>
<p>Note that a reveal.js slide show can also be converted to a PDF by
printing it to a file from the browser.</p>
<p>To produce a PowerPoint slide show, type</p>
<pre><code>pandoc habits.txt -o habits.pptx</code></pre>
<h2 id="structuring-the-slide-show">Structuring the slide show</h2>
<p>By default, the <em>slide level</em> is the highest heading level in
the hierarchy that is followed immediately by content, and not another
heading, somewhere in the document. In the example above, level-1
headings are always followed by level-2 headings, which are followed by
content, so the slide level is 2. This default can be overridden using
the <code>--slide-level</code> option.</p>
<p>The document is carved up into slides according to the following
rules:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A horizontal rule always starts a new slide.</p></li>
<li><p>A heading at the slide level always starts a new slide.</p></li>
<li><p>Headings <em>below</em> the slide level in the hierarchy create
headings <em>within</em> a slide. (In beamer, a “block” will be created.
If the heading has the class <code>example</code>, an
<code>exampleblock</code> environment will be used; if it has the class
<code>alert</code>, an <code>alertblock</code> will be used; otherwise a
regular <code>block</code> will be used.)</p></li>
<li><p>Headings <em>above</em> the slide level in the hierarchy create
“title slides,” which just contain the section title and help to break
the slide show into sections. Non-slide content under these headings
will be included on the title slide (for HTML slide shows) or in a
subsequent slide with the same title (for beamer).</p></li>
<li><p>A title page is constructed automatically from the document’s
title block, if present. (In the case of beamer, this can be disabled by
commenting out some lines in the default template.)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>These rules are designed to support many different styles of slide
show. If you don’t care about structuring your slides into sections and
subsections, you can either just use level-1 headings for all slides (in
that case, level 1 will be the slide level) or you can set
<code>--slide-level=0</code>.</p>
<p>Note: in reveal.js slide shows, if slide level is 2, a
two-dimensional layout will be produced, with level-1 headings building
horizontally and level-2 headings building vertically. It is not
recommended that you use deeper nesting of section levels with reveal.js
unless you set <code>--slide-level=0</code> (which lets reveal.js
produce a one-dimensional layout and only interprets horizontal rules as
slide boundaries).</p>
<h3 id="powerpoint-layout-choice">PowerPoint layout choice</h3>
<p>When creating slides, the pptx writer chooses from a number of
pre-defined layouts, based on the content of the slide:</p>
<dl>
<dt>Title Slide</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for the initial slide, which is generated and filled
from the metadata fields <code>date</code>, <code>author</code>, and
<code>title</code>, if they are present.
</dd>
<dt>Section Header</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for what pandoc calls “title slides”, i.e. slides
which start with a header which is above the slide level in the
hierarchy.
</dd>
<dt>Two Content</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for two-column slides, i.e. slides containing a div
with class <code>columns</code> which contains at least two divs with
class <code>column</code>.
</dd>
<dt>Comparison</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used instead of “Two Content” for any two-column slides
in which at least one column contains text followed by non-text (e.g. an
image or a table).
</dd>
<dt>Content with Caption</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for any non-two-column slides which contain text
followed by non-text (e.g. an image or a table).
</dd>
<dt>Blank</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for any slides which only contain blank content,
e.g. a slide containing only speaker notes, or a slide containing only a
non-breaking space.
</dd>
<dt>Title and Content</dt>
<dd>
This layout is used for all slides which do not match the criteria for
another layout.
</dd>
</dl>
<p>These layouts are chosen from the default pptx reference doc included
with pandoc, unless an alternative reference doc is specified using
<code>--reference-doc</code>.</p>
<h2 id="incremental-lists">Incremental lists</h2>
<p>By default, these writers produce lists that display “all at once.”
If you want your lists to display incrementally (one item at a time),
use the <code>-i</code> option. If you want a particular list to depart
from the default, put it in a <code>div</code> block with class
<code>incremental</code> or <code>nonincremental</code>. So, for
example, using the <code>fenced div</code> syntax, the following would
be incremental regardless of the document default:</p>
<pre><code>::: incremental

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

:::</code></pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre><code>::: nonincremental

- Eat spaghetti
- Drink wine

:::</code></pre>
<p>While using <code>incremental</code> and <code>nonincremental</code>
divs is the recommended method of setting incremental lists on a
per-case basis, an older method is also supported: putting lists inside
a blockquote will depart from the document default (that is, it will
display incrementally without the <code>-i</code> option and all at once
with the <code>-i</code> option):</p>
<pre><code>&gt; - Eat spaghetti
&gt; - Drink wine</code></pre>
<p>Both methods allow incremental and nonincremental lists to be mixed
in a single document.</p>
<p>If you want to include a block-quoted list, you can work around this
behavior by putting the list inside a fenced div, so that it is not the
direct child of the block quote:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; ::: wrapper
&gt; - a
&gt; - list in a quote
&gt; :::</code></pre>
<h2 id="inserting-pauses">Inserting pauses</h2>
<p>You can add “pauses” within a slide by including a paragraph
containing three dots, separated by spaces:</p>
<pre><code># Slide with a pause

content before the pause

. . .

content after the pause</code></pre>
<p>Note: this feature is not yet implemented for PowerPoint output.</p>
<h2 id="styling-the-slides">Styling the slides</h2>
<p>You can change the style of HTML slides by putting customized CSS
files in <code>$DATADIR/s5/default</code> (for S5),
<code>$DATADIR/slidy</code> (for Slidy), or
<code>$DATADIR/slideous</code> (for Slideous), where
<code>$DATADIR</code> is the user data directory (see
<code>--data-dir</code>, above). The originals may be found in pandoc’s
system data directory (generally
<code>$CABALDIR/pandoc-VERSION/s5/default</code>). Pandoc will look
there for any files it does not find in the user data directory.</p>
<p>For dzslides, the CSS is included in the HTML file itself, and may be
modified there.</p>
<p>All <a href="https://revealjs.com/config/">reveal.js configuration
options</a> can be set through variables. For example, themes can be
used by setting the <code>theme</code> variable:</p>
<pre><code>-V theme=moon</code></pre>
<p>Or you can specify a custom stylesheet using the <code>--css</code>
option.</p>
<p>To style beamer slides, you can specify a <code>theme</code>,
<code>colortheme</code>, <code>fonttheme</code>,
<code>innertheme</code>, and <code>outertheme</code>, using the
<code>-V</code> option:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t beamer habits.txt -V theme:Warsaw -o habits.pdf</code></pre>
<p>Note that heading attributes will turn into slide attributes (on a
<code>&lt;div&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;section&gt;</code>) in HTML slide
formats, allowing you to style individual slides. In beamer, a number of
heading classes and attributes are recognized as frame options and will
be passed through as options to the frame: see <a
href="#frame-attributes-in-beamer">Frame attributes in beamer</a>,
below.</p>
<h2 id="speaker-notes">Speaker notes</h2>
<p>Speaker notes are supported in reveal.js, PowerPoint (pptx), and
beamer output. You can add notes to your Markdown document thus:</p>
<pre><code>::: notes

This is my note.

- It can contain Markdown
- like this list

:::</code></pre>
<p>To show the notes window in reveal.js, press <code>s</code> while
viewing the presentation. Speaker notes in PowerPoint will be available,
as usual, in handouts and presenter view.</p>
<p>Notes are not yet supported for other slide formats, but the notes
will not appear on the slides themselves.</p>
<h3 id="speaker-notes-on-the-title-slide-powerpoint">Speaker notes on
the title slide (PowerPoint)</h3>
<p>For PowerPoint output, the title slide is generated from the
document’s YAML metadata block. To add speaker notes to this slide, use
a <code>notes</code> field in the metadata:</p>
<pre><code>---
title: My Presentation
author: Jane Doe
notes: |
  Welcome everyone to this presentation.

  Remember to introduce yourself and mention the key topics.
---</code></pre>
<p>The <code>notes</code> field can contain multiple paragraphs and
Markdown formatting.</p>
<h2 id="columns">Columns</h2>
<p>To put material in side by side columns, you can use a native div
container with class <code>columns</code>, containing two or more div
containers with class <code>column</code> and a <code>width</code>
attribute:</p>
<pre><code>:::::::::::::: {.columns}
::: {.column width=&quot;40%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::: {.column width=&quot;60%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<p>Note: Specifying column widths does not currently work for
PowerPoint.</p>
<h3 id="additional-columns-attributes-in-beamer">Additional columns
attributes in beamer</h3>
<p>The div containers with classes <code>columns</code> and
<code>column</code> can optionally have an <code>align</code> attribute.
The class <code>columns</code> can optionally have a
<code>totalwidth</code> attribute or an <code>onlytextwidth</code>
class.</p>
<pre><code>:::::::::::::: {.columns align=center totalwidth=8em}
::: {.column width=&quot;40%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::: {.column width=&quot;60%&quot; align=bottom}
contents...
:::
::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<p>The <code>align</code> attributes on <code>columns</code> and
<code>column</code> can be used with the values <code>top</code>,
<code>top-baseline</code>, <code>center</code> and <code>bottom</code>
to vertically align the columns. It defaults to <code>top</code> in
<code>columns</code>.</p>
<p>The <code>totalwidth</code> attribute limits the width of the columns
to the given value.</p>
<pre><code>:::::::::::::: {.columns align=top .onlytextwidth}
::: {.column width=&quot;40%&quot; align=center}
contents...
:::
::: {.column width=&quot;60%&quot;}
contents...
:::
::::::::::::::</code></pre>
<p>The class <code>onlytextwidth</code> sets the <code>totalwidth</code>
to <code>\textwidth</code>.</p>
<p>See Section 12.7 of the <a
href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/beamer/doc/beameruserguide.pdf">Beamer
User’s Guide</a> for more details.</p>
<h2 id="frame-attributes-in-beamer">Frame attributes in beamer</h2>
<p>Sometimes it is necessary to add the LaTeX <code>[fragile]</code>
option to a frame in beamer (for example, when using the
<code>minted</code> environment). This can be forced by adding the
<code>fragile</code> class to the heading introducing the slide:</p>
<pre><code># Fragile slide {.fragile}</code></pre>
<p>All of the other frame attributes described in Section 8.1 of the <a
href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/beamer/doc/beameruserguide.pdf">Beamer
User’s Guide</a> may also be used: <code>allowdisplaybreaks</code>,
<code>allowframebreaks</code>, <code>b</code>, <code>c</code>,
<code>s</code>, <code>t</code>, <code>environment</code>,
<code>label</code>, <code>plain</code>, <code>shrink</code>,
<code>standout</code>, <code>noframenumbering</code>,
<code>squeeze</code>. <code>allowframebreaks</code> is recommended
especially for bibliographies, as it allows multiple slides to be
created if the content overfills the frame:</p>
<pre><code># References {.allowframebreaks}</code></pre>
<p>In addition, the <code>frameoptions</code> attribute may be used to
pass arbitrary frame options to a beamer slide:</p>
<pre><code># Heading {frameoptions=&quot;squeeze,shrink,customoption=foobar&quot;}</code></pre>
<h2 id="background-in-reveal.js-beamer-and-pptx">Background in
reveal.js, beamer, and pptx</h2>
<p>Background images can be added to self-contained reveal.js slide
shows, beamer slide shows, and pptx slide shows.</p>
<h3 id="on-all-slides-beamer-reveal.js-pptx">On all slides (beamer,
reveal.js, pptx)</h3>
<p>With beamer and reveal.js, the configuration option
<code>background-image</code> can be used either in the YAML metadata
block or as a command-line variable to get the same image on every
slide.</p>
<p>Note that for reveal.js, the <code>background-image</code> will be
used as a <code>parallaxBackgroundImage</code> (see below).</p>
<p>For pptx, you can use a <code>--reference-doc</code> in which
background images have been set on the <a
href="#powerpoint-layout-choice">relevant layouts</a>.</p>
<h4
id="parallaxbackgroundimage-reveal.js"><code>parallaxBackgroundImage</code>
(reveal.js)</h4>
<p>For reveal.js, there is also the reveal.js-native option
<code>parallaxBackgroundImage</code>, which produces a parallax
scrolling background. You must also set
<code>parallaxBackgroundSize</code>, and can optionally set
<code>parallaxBackgroundHorizontal</code> and
<code>parallaxBackgroundVertical</code> to configure the scrolling
behaviour. See the <a
href="https://revealjs.com/backgrounds/#parallax-background">reveal.js
documentation</a> for more details about the meaning of these
options.</p>
<p>In reveal.js’s overview mode, the parallaxBackgroundImage will show
up only on the first slide.</p>
<h3 id="on-individual-slides-reveal.js-pptx">On individual slides
(reveal.js, pptx)</h3>
<p>To set an image for a particular reveal.js or pptx slide, add
<code>{background-image="/path/to/image"}</code> to the first
slide-level heading on the slide (which may even be empty).</p>
<p>As the <a href="#extension-link_attributes">HTML writers pass unknown
attributes through</a>, other reveal.js background settings also work on
individual slides, including <code>background-size</code>,
<code>background-repeat</code>, <code>background-color</code>,
<code>transition</code>, and <code>transition-speed</code>. (The
<code>data-</code> prefix will automatically be added.)</p>
<p>Note: <code>data-background-image</code> is also supported in pptx
for consistency with reveal.js – if <code>background-image</code> isn’t
found, <code>data-background-image</code> will be checked.</p>
<h3 id="on-the-title-slide-reveal.js-pptx">On the title slide
(reveal.js, pptx)</h3>
<p>To add a background image to the automatically generated title slide
for reveal.js, use the <code>title-slide-attributes</code> variable in
the YAML metadata block. It must contain a map of attribute names and
values. (Note that the <code>data-</code> prefix is required here, as it
isn’t added automatically.)</p>
<p>For pptx, pass a <code>--reference-doc</code> with the background
image set on the “Title Slide” layout.</p>
<h3 id="example-reveal.js">Example (reveal.js)</h3>
<pre><code>---
title: My Slide Show
parallaxBackgroundImage: /path/to/my/background_image.png
title-slide-attributes:
    data-background-image: /path/to/title_image.png
    data-background-size: contain
---

## Slide One

Slide 1 has background_image.png as its background.

## {background-image=&quot;/path/to/special_image.jpg&quot;}

Slide 2 has a special image for its background, even though the heading has no content.</code></pre>
<h1 id="epubs">EPUBs</h1>
<h2 id="epub-metadata">EPUB Metadata</h2>
<p>There are two ways to specify metadata for an EPUB. The first is to
use the <code>--epub-metadata</code> option, which takes as its argument
an XML file with <a
href="https://www.dublincore.org/specifications/dublin-core/dces/">Dublin
Core elements</a>.</p>
<p>The second way is to use YAML, either in a <a
href="#extension-yaml_metadata_block">YAML metadata block</a> in a
Markdown document, or in a separate YAML file specified with
<code>--metadata-file</code>. Here is an example of a YAML metadata
block with EPUB metadata:</p>
<pre><code>---
title:
- type: main
  text: My Book
- type: subtitle
  text: An investigation of metadata
creator:
- role: author
  text: John Smith
- role: editor
  text: Sarah Jones
identifier:
- scheme: DOI
  text: doi:10.234234.234/33
publisher:  My Press
rights: © 2007 John Smith, CC BY-NC
ibooks:
  version: 1.3.4
...</code></pre>
<p>The following fields are recognized:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>identifier</code></dt>
<dd>
Either a string value or an object with fields <code>text</code> and
<code>scheme</code>. Valid values for <code>scheme</code> are
<code>ISBN-10</code>, <code>GTIN-13</code>, <code>UPC</code>,
<code>ISMN-10</code>, <code>DOI</code>, <code>LCCN</code>,
<code>GTIN-14</code>, <code>ISBN-13</code>,
<code>Legal deposit number</code>, <code>URN</code>,
<code>OCLC number</code>, <code>Co-publisher’s ISBN-13</code>,
<code>ISMN-13</code>, <code>ISBN-A</code>, <code>JP e-code</code>,
<code>OLCC number</code>, <code>JP Magazine ID</code>,
<code>UPC-12+5</code>, <code>BNF Control number</code>,
<code>ISSN-13</code>, <code>ARK</code>,
<code>Digital file internal version number</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>title</code></dt>
<dd>
Either a string value, or an object with fields <code>file-as</code> and
<code>type</code>, or a list of such objects. Valid values for
<code>type</code> are <code>main</code>, <code>subtitle</code>,
<code>short</code>, <code>collection</code>, <code>edition</code>,
<code>extended</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>creator</code></dt>
<dd>
Either a string value, or an object with fields <code>role</code>,
<code>file-as</code>, and <code>text</code>, or a list of such objects.
Valid values for <code>role</code> are <a
href="https://loc.gov/marc/relators/relaterm.html">MARC relators</a>,
but pandoc will attempt to translate the human-readable versions (like
“author” and “editor”) to the appropriate marc relators.
</dd>
<dt><code>contributor</code></dt>
<dd>
Same format as <code>creator</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>date</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value in <code>YYYY-MM-DD</code> format. (Only the year is
necessary.) Pandoc will attempt to convert other common date formats.
</dd>
<dt><code>lang</code> (or legacy: <code>language</code>)</dt>
<dd>
A string value in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47">BCP 47</a>
format. Pandoc will default to the local language if nothing is
specified.
</dd>
<dt><code>subject</code></dt>
<dd>
Either a string value, or an object with fields <code>text</code>,
<code>authority</code>, and <code>term</code>, or a list of such
objects. Valid values for <code>authority</code> are either a <a
href="https://idpf.github.io/epub-registries/authorities/">reserved
authority value</a> (currently <code>AAT</code>, <code>BIC</code>,
<code>BISAC</code>, <code>CLC</code>, <code>DDC</code>,
<code>CLIL</code>, <code>EuroVoc</code>, <code>MEDTOP</code>,
<code>LCSH</code>, <code>NDC</code>, <code>Thema</code>,
<code>UDC</code>, and <code>WGS</code>) or an absolute IRI identifying a
custom scheme. Valid values for <code>term</code> are defined by the
scheme.
</dd>
<dt><code>description</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>type</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>format</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>relation</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>coverage</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>rights</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>belongs-to-collection</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value. Identifies the name of a collection to which the EPUB
Publication belongs.
</dd>
<dt><code>group-position</code></dt>
<dd>
The <code>group-position</code> field indicates the numeric position in
which the EPUB Publication belongs relative to other works belonging to
the same <code>belongs-to-collection</code> field.
</dd>
<dt><code>cover-image</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value (path to cover image).
</dd>
<dt><code>css</code> (or legacy: <code>stylesheet</code>)</dt>
<dd>
A string value (path to CSS stylesheet).
</dd>
<dt><code>page-progression-direction</code></dt>
<dd>
Either <code>ltr</code> or <code>rtl</code>. Specifies the
<code>page-progression-direction</code> attribute for the <a
href="http://idpf.org/epub/301/spec/epub-publications.html#sec-spine-elem"><code>spine</code>
element</a>.
</dd>
<dt><code>accessModes</code></dt>
<dd>
An array of strings (<a
href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).
Defaults to <code>["textual"]</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>accessModeSufficient</code></dt>
<dd>
An array of strings (<a
href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).
Defaults to <code>["textual"]</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>accessibilityHazards</code></dt>
<dd>
An array of strings (<a
href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).
Defaults to <code>["none"]</code>.
</dd>
<dt><code>accessibilityFeatures</code></dt>
<dd>
An array of strings (<a
href="https://kb.daisy.org/publishing/docs/metadata/schema.org/index.html">schema</a>).
Defaults to
<pre><code>- &quot;alternativeText&quot;
- &quot;readingOrder&quot;
- &quot;structuralNavigation&quot;
- &quot;tableOfContents&quot;</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt><code>accessibilitySummary</code></dt>
<dd>
A string value.
</dd>
<dt><code>ibooks</code></dt>
<dd>
iBooks-specific metadata, with the following fields:
<ul>
<li><code>version</code>: (string)</li>
<li><code>specified-fonts</code>: <code>true</code>|<code>false</code>
(default <code>false</code>)</li>
<li><code>ipad-orientation-lock</code>:
<code>portrait-only</code>|<code>landscape-only</code></li>
<li><code>iphone-orientation-lock</code>:
<code>portrait-only</code>|<code>landscape-only</code></li>
<li><code>binding</code>: <code>true</code>|<code>false</code> (default
<code>true</code>)</li>
<li><code>scroll-axis</code>:
<code>vertical</code>|<code>horizontal</code>|<code>default</code></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="the-epubtype-attribute">The <code>epub:type</code>
attribute</h2>
<p>For <code>epub3</code> output, you can mark up the heading that
corresponds to an EPUB chapter using the <a
href="http://www.idpf.org/epub/31/spec/epub-contentdocs.html#sec-epub-type-attribute"><code>epub:type</code>
attribute</a>. For example, to set the attribute to the value
<code>prologue</code>, use this Markdown:</p>
<pre><code># My chapter {epub:type=prologue}</code></pre>
<p>Which will result in:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;body epub:type=&quot;frontmatter&quot;&gt;
  &lt;section epub:type=&quot;prologue&quot;&gt;
    &lt;h1&gt;My chapter&lt;/h1&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Pandoc will output <code>&lt;body epub:type="bodymatter"&gt;</code>,
unless you use one of the following values, in which case either
<code>frontmatter</code> or <code>backmatter</code> will be output.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><code>epub:type</code> of first section</th>
<th><code>epub:type</code> of body</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>prologue</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>abstract</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>acknowledgments</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>copyright-page</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dedication</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>credits</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>keywords</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>imprint</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>contributors</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>other-credits</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>errata</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>revision-history</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>titlepage</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>halftitlepage</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>seriespage</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>foreword</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>preface</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frontispiece</td>
<td>frontmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>appendix</td>
<td>backmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>colophon</td>
<td>backmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bibliography</td>
<td>backmatter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>index</td>
<td>backmatter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="linked-media">Linked media</h2>
<p>By default, pandoc will download media referenced from any
<code>&lt;img&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;audio&gt;</code>,
<code>&lt;video&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;source&gt;</code> element
present in the generated EPUB, and include it in the EPUB container,
yielding a completely self-contained EPUB. If you want to link to
external media resources instead, use raw HTML in your source and add
<code>data-external="1"</code> to the tag with the <code>src</code>
attribute. For example:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;audio controls=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  &lt;source src=&quot;https://example.com/music/toccata.mp3&quot;
          data-external=&quot;1&quot; type=&quot;audio/mpeg&quot;&gt;
  &lt;/source&gt;
&lt;/audio&gt;</code></pre>
<p>If the input format already is HTML then
<code>data-external="1"</code> will work as expected for
<code>&lt;img&gt;</code> elements. Similarly, for Markdown, external
images can be declared with <code>![img](url){external=1}</code>. Note
that this only works for images; the other media elements have no native
representation in pandoc’s AST and require the use of raw HTML.</p>
<h2 id="epub-styling">EPUB styling</h2>
<p>By default, pandoc will include some basic styling contained in its
<code>epub.css</code> data file. (To see this, use
<code>pandoc --print-default-data-file epub.css</code>.) To use a
different CSS file, just use the <code>--css</code> command line option.
A few inline styles are defined in addition; these are essential for
correct formatting of pandoc’s HTML output.</p>
<p>The <code>document-css</code> variable may be set if the more
opinionated styling of pandoc’s default HTML templates is desired (and
in that case the variables defined in <a
href="#variables-for-html">Variables for HTML</a> may be used to
fine-tune the style).</p>
<h1 id="chunked-html">Chunked HTML</h1>
<p><code>pandoc -t chunkedhtml</code> will produce a zip archive of
linked HTML files, one for each section of the original document.
Internal links will automatically be adjusted to point to the right
place, images linked to under the working directory will be
incorporated, and navigation links will be added. In addition, a JSON
file <code>sitemap.json</code> will be included describing the
hierarchical structure of the files.</p>
<p>If an output file without an extension is specified, then it will be
interpreted as a directory and the zip archive will be automatically
unpacked into it (unless it already exists, in which case an error will
be raised). Otherwise a <code>.zip</code> file will be produced.</p>
<p>The navigation links can be customized by adjusting the template. By
default, a table of contents is included only on the top page. To
include it on every page, set the <code>toc</code> variable
manually.</p>
<h1 id="jupyter-notebooks">Jupyter notebooks</h1>
<p>When creating a <a
href="https://nbformat.readthedocs.io/en/latest/">Jupyter notebook</a>,
pandoc will try to infer the notebook structure. Code blocks with the
class <code>code</code> will be taken as code cells, and intervening
content will be taken as Markdown cells. Attachments will automatically
be created for images in Markdown cells. Metadata will be taken from the
<code>jupyter</code> metadata field. For example:</p>
<pre><code>---
title: My notebook
jupyter:
  nbformat: 4
  nbformat_minor: 5
  kernelspec:
     display_name: Python 2
     language: python
     name: python2
  language_info:
     codemirror_mode:
       name: ipython
       version: 2
     file_extension: &quot;.py&quot;
     mimetype: &quot;text/x-python&quot;
     name: &quot;python&quot;
     nbconvert_exporter: &quot;python&quot;
     pygments_lexer: &quot;ipython2&quot;
     version: &quot;2.7.15&quot;
---

# Lorem ipsum

**Lorem ipsum** dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus
bibendum felis dictum sodales.

``` code
print(&quot;hello&quot;)
```

## Pyout

``` code
from IPython.display import HTML
HTML(&quot;&quot;&quot;
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
&quot;&quot;&quot;)
```

## Image

This image ![image](myimage.png) will be
included as a cell attachment.</code></pre>
<p>If you want to add cell attributes, group cells differently, or add
output to code cells, then you need to include divs to indicate the
structure. You can use either <a href="#extension-fenced_divs">fenced
divs</a> or <a href="#extension-native_divs">native divs</a> for this.
Here is an example:</p>
<pre><code>:::::: {.cell .markdown}
# Lorem

**Lorem ipsum** dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc luctus
bibendum felis dictum sodales.
::::::

:::::: {.cell .code execution_count=1}
``` {.python}
print(&quot;hello&quot;)
```

::: {.output .stream .stdout}
```
hello
```
:::
::::::

:::::: {.cell .code execution_count=2}
``` {.python}
from IPython.display import HTML
HTML(&quot;&quot;&quot;
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
&quot;&quot;&quot;)
```

::: {.output .execute_result execution_count=2}
```{=html}
&lt;script&gt;
console.log(&quot;hello&quot;);
&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;b&gt;HTML&lt;/b&gt;
hello
```
:::
::::::</code></pre>
<p>If you include raw HTML or TeX in an output cell, use the <a
href="#extension-raw_attribute">raw attribute</a>, as shown in the last
cell of the example above. Although pandoc can process “bare” raw HTML
and TeX, the result is often interspersed raw elements and normal
textual elements, and in an output cell pandoc expects a single,
connected raw block. To avoid using raw HTML or TeX except when marked
explicitly using raw attributes, we recommend specifying the extensions
<code>-raw_html-raw_tex+raw_attribute</code> when translating between
Markdown and ipynb notebooks.</p>
<p>Note that options and extensions that affect reading and writing of
Markdown will also affect Markdown cells in ipynb notebooks. For
example, <code>--wrap=preserve</code> will preserve soft line breaks in
Markdown cells; <code>--markdown-headings=setext</code> will cause
Setext-style headings to be used; and <code>--preserve-tabs</code> will
prevent tabs from being turned to spaces.</p>
<h1 id="vimdoc">Vimdoc</h1>
<p>Vimdoc writer generates Vim help files and makes use of the following
metadata variables:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb460"><pre
class="sourceCode yaml"><code class="sourceCode yaml"><span id="cb460-1"><a href="#cb460-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">abstract</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="st">&quot;A short description&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb460-2"><a href="#cb460-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">author</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> Author</span></span>
<span id="cb460-3"><a href="#cb460-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">title</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> Title</span></span>
<span id="cb460-4"><a href="#cb460-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb460-5"><a href="#cb460-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Vimdoc-specific</span></span>
<span id="cb460-6"><a href="#cb460-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">filename</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> </span><span class="st">&quot;definition-lists.txt&quot;</span></span>
<span id="cb460-7"><a href="#cb460-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">vimdoc-prefix</span><span class="kw">:</span><span class="at"> pandoc</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>Complete header requires <code>abstract</code>, <code>author</code>,
<code>title</code> and <code>filename</code> to be set. Compiling file
with such metadata produces the following file (assumes
<code>--standalone</code>, see <a href="#templates">Templates</a>):</p>
<pre class="vimdoc"><code>*definition-lists.txt*  A short description

                            Title by Author


                                 Type |gO| to see the table of contents.

[...]

 vim:tw=72:sw=4:ts=4:ft=help:norl:et:</code></pre>
<p>If <code>vimdoc-prefix</code> is set, all non-command tags are
prefixed with its value, it is used to prevent tag collision: all
headers have a tag (either inferred or explicit) and multiple help pages
can have the same header names, therefore collision is to be expected.
Let our input be the following markdown file:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb462"><pre
class="sourceCode markdown"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb462-1"><a href="#cb462-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Header</span></span>
<span id="cb462-2"><a href="#cb462-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb462-3"><a href="#cb462-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">`:[range]Fnl {expr}`</span>{#:Fnl}</span>
<span id="cb462-4"><a href="#cb462-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>:   Evaluates {expr} or range</span>
<span id="cb462-5"><a href="#cb462-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb462-6"><a href="#cb462-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">`vim.b`</span>{#vim.b}</span>
<span id="cb462-7"><a href="#cb462-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>:   Buffer-scoped (<span class="in">`:h b:`</span>) variables for the current buffer. Invalid or unset</span>
<span id="cb462-8"><a href="#cb462-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    key returns <span class="in">`nil`</span>. Can be indexed with an integer to access variables for a</span>
<span id="cb462-9"><a href="#cb462-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    specific buffer.</span>
<span id="cb462-10"><a href="#cb462-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb462-11"><a href="#cb462-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Span</span><span class="co">]</span>{#span}</span>
<span id="cb462-12"><a href="#cb462-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>:   generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not inherently</span>
<span id="cb462-13"><a href="#cb462-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    represent anything.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Convert it to vimdoc:</p>
<pre class="vimdoc"><code>------------------------------------------------------------------------
Header                                                            *header*

:[range]Fnl {expr}                                                  *:Fnl*
    Evaluates {expr} or range
`vim.b`                                                            *vim.b*
    Buffer-scoped (|b:|) variables for the current buffer. Invalid or
    unset key returns `nil`. Can be indexed with an integer to access
    variables for a specific buffer.
Span                                                                *span*
    generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not
    inherently represent anything.</code></pre>
<p>Convert it to vimdoc with metadata variable set (e.g. with
<code>-M vimdoc-prefix=pandoc</code>)</p>
<pre class="vimdoc"><code>------------------------------------------------------------------------
Header                                                     *pandoc-header*

:[range]Fnl {expr}                                                  *:Fnl*
    Evaluates {expr} or range
`vim.b`                                                     *pandoc-vim.b*
    Buffer-scoped (|b:|) variables for the current buffer. Invalid or
    unset key returns `nil`. Can be indexed with an integer to access
    variables for a specific buffer.
Span                                                         *pandoc-span*
    generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not
    inherently represent anything.</code></pre>
<p><code>vim.b</code> and <code>Span</code> got their prefixes but not
<code>:Fnl</code> because ex-commands (those starting with
<code>:</code>) don’t get a prefix, since they are considered unique
across help pages.</p>
<p>In both cases <code>:help b:</code> became reference
<code>|b:|</code> (also works with <code>:h b:</code>). Links pointing
to either <a href="https://vimhelp.org/"
class="uri">https://vimhelp.org/</a> or <a
href="https://neovim.io/doc/user"
class="uri">https://neovim.io/doc/user</a> become references too.</p>
<p>Vim traditionally wraps at 78, but Pandoc defaults to 72. Use
<code>--columns 78</code> to match Vim.</p>
<h1 id="syntax-highlighting">Syntax highlighting</h1>
<p>Pandoc will automatically highlight syntax in <a
href="#fenced-code-blocks">fenced code blocks</a> that are marked with a
language name. The Haskell library <a
href="https://github.com/jgm/skylighting">skylighting</a> is used for
highlighting. Currently highlighting is supported only for HTML, EPUB,
Docx, Ms, Man, Typst, and LaTeX/PDF output. To see a list of language
names that pandoc will recognize, type
<code>pandoc --list-highlight-languages</code>.</p>
<p>The color scheme can be selected using the
<code>--syntax-highlighting</code> option. The default color scheme is
<code>pygments</code>, which imitates the default color scheme used by
the Python library pygments (though pygments is not actually used to do
the highlighting). To see a list of highlight styles, type
<code>pandoc --list-highlight-styles</code>.</p>
<p>If you are not satisfied with the predefined styles, you can use
<code>--print-highlight-style</code> to generate a JSON
<code>.theme</code> file which can be modified and used as the argument
to <code>--syntax-highlighting</code>. To get a JSON version of the
<code>pygments</code> style, for example:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -o my.theme --print-highlight-style pygments</code></pre>
<p>Then edit <code>my.theme</code> and use it like this:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --syntax-highlighting my.theme</code></pre>
<p>If you are not satisfied with the built-in highlighting, or you want
to highlight a language that isn’t supported, you can use the
<code>--syntax-definition</code> option to load a <a
href="https://docs.kde.org/stable5/en/kate/katepart/highlight.html">KDE-style
XML syntax definition file</a>. Before writing your own, have a look at
KDE’s <a
href="https://github.com/KDE/syntax-highlighting/tree/master/data/syntax">repository
of syntax definitions</a>.</p>
<p>If you receive an error that pandoc “Could not read highlighting
theme”, check that the JSON file is encoded with UTF-8 and has no
Byte-Order Mark (BOM).</p>
<p>To disable highlighting, use
<code>--syntax-highlighting=none</code>.</p>
<p>To use a format’s idiomatic syntax highlighting instead of pandoc’s
built-in highlighting, use <code>--syntax-highlighting=idiomatic</code>.
Currently, <code>idiomatic</code> only affects the following
formats:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>In reveal.js, it causes reveal.js’s highlighting plugin to be
used for source code highlighting. The style may be customized by
setting the <code>highlightjs-theme</code> variable.</p></li>
<li><p>In Typst, it causes Typst’s built-in highlighting to be used.
(This is also the default for Typst.)</p></li>
<li><p>In LaTeX, it causes the <a
href="https://ctan.org/pkg/listings"><code>listings</code></a> package
to be used. Note that <code>listings</code> does not support multi-byte
encoding for source code. To handle UTF-8 you would need to use a custom
template. This issue is fully documented here: <a
href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Source_Code_Listings#Encoding_issue">Encoding
issue with the listings package</a>.</p></li>
<li><p>In other formats, <code>idiomatic</code> will have the same
result as <code>default</code>.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 id="custom-styles">Custom Styles</h1>
<p>Custom styles can be used in the docx, odt and ICML formats.</p>
<h2 id="output">Output</h2>
<p>By default, pandoc’s odt, docx and ICML output applies a predefined
set of styles for blocks such as paragraphs and block quotes, and uses
largely default formatting (italics, bold) for inlines. This will work
for most purposes, especially alongside a <a
href="#option--reference-doc">reference doc</a> file. However, if you
need to apply your own styles to blocks, or match a preexisting set of
styles, pandoc allows you to define custom styles for blocks and text
using <code>div</code>s and <code>span</code>s, respectively.</p>
<p>If you define a Div, Span, or Table with the attribute
<code>custom-style</code>, pandoc will apply your specified style to the
contained elements (with the exception of elements whose function
depends on a style, like headings, code blocks, block quotes, or links).
So, for example, using the <code>bracketed_spans</code> syntax,</p>
<pre><code>[Get out]{custom-style=&quot;Emphatically&quot;}, he said.</code></pre>
<p>would produce a file with “Get out” styled with character style
<code>Emphatically</code>. Similarly, using the <code>fenced_divs</code>
syntax,</p>
<pre><code>Dickinson starts the poem simply:

::: {custom-style=&quot;Poetry&quot;}
| A Bird came down the Walk---
| He did not know I saw---
:::</code></pre>
<p>would style the two contained lines with the <code>Poetry</code>
paragraph style.</p>
<p>Styles will be defined in the output file as inheriting from normal
text (docx) or Default Paragraph Style (odt), if the styles are not yet
in your <a href="#option--reference-doc">reference doc</a>. If they are
already defined, pandoc will not alter the definition.</p>
<p>This feature allows for greatest customization in conjunction with <a
href="https://pandoc.org/filters.html">pandoc filters</a>. If you want
all paragraphs after block quotes to be indented, you can write a filter
to apply the styles necessary. If you want all italics to be transformed
to the <code>Emphasis</code> character style (perhaps to change their
color), you can write a filter which will transform all italicized
inlines to inlines within an <code>Emphasis</code> custom-style
<code>span</code>.</p>
<p>For docx or odt output, you don’t need to enable any extensions for
custom styles to work.</p>
<p>For icml output, you can also set an <code>object-style</code> in
images:</p>
<pre><code>![Image with object style](myImage.jpg){object-style=&quot;fixedSizeImage&quot;}</code></pre>
<p>In InDesign you’ll see that object style given to the image, and
you’ll be able to customize it, or load its definition from a template
of yours.</p>
<h2 id="input">Input</h2>
<p>The docx reader, by default, only reads those styles that it can
convert into pandoc elements, either by direct conversion or
interpreting the derivation of the input document’s styles.</p>
<p>By enabling the <a href="#ext-styles"><code>styles</code>
extension</a> in the docx reader (<code>-f docx+styles</code>), you can
produce output that maintains the styles of the input document, using
the <code>custom-style</code> class. A <code>custom-style</code>
attribute will be added for each style. Divs will be created to hold the
paragraph styles, and Spans to hold the character styles. Table styles
will be applied directly to the Table.</p>
<p>For example, using the <code>custom-style-reference.docx</code> file
in the test directory, we have the following different outputs:</p>
<p>Without the <code>+styles</code> extension:</p>
<pre><code>$ pandoc test/docx/custom-style-reference.docx -f docx -t markdown
This is some text.

This is text with an *emphasized* text style. And this is text with a
**strengthened** text style.

&gt; Here is a styled paragraph that inherits from Block Text.</code></pre>
<p>And with the extension:</p>
<pre><code>$ pandoc test/docx/custom-style-reference.docx -f docx+styles -t markdown

::: {custom-style=&quot;First Paragraph&quot;}
This is some text.
:::

::: {custom-style=&quot;Body Text&quot;}
This is text with an [emphasized]{custom-style=&quot;Emphatic&quot;} text style.
And this is text with a [strengthened]{custom-style=&quot;Strengthened&quot;}
text style.
:::

::: {custom-style=&quot;My Block Style&quot;}
&gt; Here is a styled paragraph that inherits from Block Text.
:::</code></pre>
<p>With these custom styles, you can use your input document as a
reference-doc while creating docx output (see below), and maintain the
same styles in your input and output files.</p>
<h1 id="custom-readers-and-writers">Custom readers and writers</h1>
<p>Pandoc can be extended with custom readers and writers written in <a
href="https://www.lua.org">Lua</a>. (Pandoc includes a Lua interpreter,
so Lua need not be installed separately.)</p>
<p>To use a custom reader or writer, simply specify the path to the Lua
script in place of the input or output format. For example:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t data/sample.lua
pandoc -f my_custom_markup_language.lua -t latex -s</code></pre>
<p>If the script is not found relative to the working directory, it will
be sought in the <code>custom</code> subdirectory of the user data
directory (see <code>--data-dir</code>).</p>
<p>A custom reader is a Lua script that defines one function, Reader,
which takes a string as input and returns a Pandoc AST. See the <a
href="https://pandoc.org/lua-filters.html">Lua filters documentation</a>
for documentation of the functions that are available for creating
pandoc AST elements. For parsing, the <a
href="http://www.inf.puc-rio.br/~roberto/lpeg/">lpeg</a> parsing library
is available by default. To see a sample custom reader:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --print-default-data-file creole.lua</code></pre>
<p>If you want your custom reader to have access to reader options
(e.g. the tab stop setting), you give your Reader function a second
<code>options</code> parameter.</p>
<p>A custom writer is a Lua script that defines a function that
specifies how to render each element in a Pandoc AST. See the <a
href="https://github.com/jgm/djot.lua/blob/main/djot-writer.lua">djot-writer.lua</a>
for a full-featured example.</p>
<p>Note that custom writers have no default template. If you want to use
<code>--standalone</code> with a custom writer, you will need to specify
a template manually using <code>--template</code> or add a new default
template with the name <code>default.NAME_OF_CUSTOM_WRITER.lua</code> to
the <code>templates</code> subdirectory of your user data directory (see
<a href="#templates">Templates</a>).</p>
<h1 id="reproducible-builds">Reproducible builds</h1>
<p>Some of the document formats pandoc targets (such as EPUB, docx, and
ODT) include build timestamps in the generated document. That means that
the files generated on successive builds will differ, even if the source
does not. To avoid this, set the <code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code>
environment variable, and the timestamp will be taken from it instead of
the current time. <code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code> should contain an
integer unix timestamp (specifying the number of seconds since midnight
UTC January 1, 1970).</p>
<p>For reproducible builds with LaTeX, you can either specify the
<code>pdf-trailer-id</code> in the metadata or leave it undefined, in
which case pandoc will create a trailer-id based on a hash of the
<code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code> and the document’s contents.</p>
<p>Some document formats also include a unique identifier. For EPUB,
this can be set explicitly by setting the <code>identifier</code>
metadata field (see <a href="#epub-metadata">EPUB Metadata</a>,
above).</p>
<h1 id="accessible-pdfs-and-pdf-archiving-standards">Accessible PDFs and
PDF archiving standards</h1>
<p>PDF is a flexible format, and using PDF in certain contexts requires
additional conventions. For example, PDFs are not accessible by default;
they define how characters are placed on a page but do not contain
semantic information on the content. However, it is possible to generate
accessible PDFs, which use tagging to add semantic information to the
document.</p>
<p>Pandoc defaults to LaTeX to generate PDF. LaTeX’s
<code>\DocumentMetadata</code> interface supports PDF standards and
tagging when using LuaLaTeX; set the <code>pdfstandard</code> variable
to enable this (see below). For older LaTeX installations, alternative
engines must be used.</p>
<p>The PDF standards PDF/A and PDF/UA define further restrictions
intended to optimize PDFs for archiving and accessibility. Tagging is
commonly used in combination with these standards to ensure best
results.</p>
<p>Note, however, that standard compliance depends on many things,
including the colorspace of embedded images. Pandoc cannot check this,
and external programs must be used to ensure that generated PDFs are in
compliance.</p>
<h2 id="latex">LaTeX</h2>
<p>Set the <code>pdfstandard</code> variable to produce tagged PDFs
conforming to PDF/A, PDF/X, or PDF/UA standards. For example:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -V pdfstandard=ua-2 --pdf-engine=lualatex doc.md -o doc.pdf</code></pre>
<p>Multiple standards can be combined:</p>
<pre><code>---
pdfstandard:
  - ua-2
  - a-4f
---</code></pre>
<p>The required PDF version is inferred automatically. This feature
requires LuaLaTeX in TeX Live 2025 with LaTeX kernel 2025-06-01 or
newer.</p>
<h2 id="context">ConTeXt</h2>
<p>ConTeXt always produces tagged PDFs, but the quality depends on the
input. The default ConTeXt markup generated by pandoc is optimized for
readability and reuse, not tagging. Enable the <a
href="#extension--tagging"><code>tagging</code></a> format extension to
force markup that is optimized for tagging. For example:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc -t context+tagging doc.md -o doc.pdf</code></pre>
<p>A recent <code>context</code> version should be used, as older
versions contained a bug that lead to invalid PDF metadata.</p>
<h2 id="weasyprint">WeasyPrint</h2>
<p>The HTML-based engine WeasyPrint includes experimental support for
PDF/A and PDF/UA since version 57. Tagged PDFs can created with</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --pdf-engine=weasyprint \
       --pdf-engine-opt=--pdf-variant=pdf/ua-1 ...</code></pre>
<p>The feature is experimental and standard compliance should not be
assumed.</p>
<h2 id="prince-xml">Prince XML</h2>
<p>The non-free HTML-to-PDF converter <code>prince</code> has extensive
support for various PDF standards as well as tagging. E.g.:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --pdf-engine=prince \
       --pdf-engine-opt=--tagged-pdf ...</code></pre>
<p>See the prince documentation for more info.</p>
<h2 id="typst">Typst</h2>
<p>Typst 0.12 can produce PDF/A-2b:</p>
<pre><code>pandoc --pdf-engine=typst --pdf-engine-opt=--pdf-standard=a-2b ...</code></pre>
<h2 id="word-processors">Word Processors</h2>
<p>Word processors like LibreOffice and MS Word can also be used to
generate standardized and tagged PDF output. Pandoc does not support
direct conversions via these tools. However, pandoc can convert a
document to a <code>docx</code> or <code>odt</code> file, which can then
be opened and converted to PDF with the respective word processor. See
the documentation for <a
href="https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/create-accessible-pdfs-064625e0-56ea-4e16-ad71-3aa33bb4b7ed">Word</a>
and <a
href="https://help.libreoffice.org/latest/en-US/text/shared/01/ref_pdf_export_general.html">LibreOffice</a>.</p>
<h1 id="running-pandoc-as-a-web-server">Running pandoc as a web
server</h1>
<p>If you rename (or symlink) the pandoc executable to
<code>pandoc-server</code>, or if you call pandoc with
<code>server</code> as the first argument, it will start up a web server
with a JSON API. This server exposes most of the conversion
functionality of pandoc. For full documentation, see the <a
href="https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/blob/master/doc/pandoc-server.md">pandoc-server</a>
man page.</p>
<p>If you rename (or symlink) the pandoc executable to
<code>pandoc-server.cgi</code>, it will function as a CGI program
exposing the same API as <code>pandoc-server</code>.</p>
<p><code>pandoc-server</code> is designed to be maximally secure; it
uses Haskell’s type system to provide strong guarantees that no I/O will
be performed on the server during pandoc conversions.</p>
<h1 id="running-pandoc-as-a-lua-interpreter">Running pandoc as a Lua
interpreter</h1>
<p>Calling the pandoc executable under the name <code>pandoc-lua</code>
or with <code>lua</code> as the first argument will make it function as
a standalone Lua interpreter. The behavior is mostly identical to that
of the <a href="https://www.lua.org/manual/5.4/manual.html#7">standalone
<code>lua</code> executable</a>, version 5.4. All <code>pandoc.*</code>
packages, as well as the packages <code>re</code> and <code>lpeg</code>,
are available via global variables. Furthermore, the globals
<code>PANDOC_VERSION</code>, <code>PANDOC_STATE</code>, and
<code>PANDOC_API_VERSION</code> are set at startup. For full
documentation, see the <a
href="https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/blob/master/doc/pandoc-lua.md">pandoc-lua</a>
man page.</p>
<h1 id="a-note-on-security">A note on security</h1>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Although pandoc itself will not create or modify any files other
than those you explicitly ask it create (with the exception of temporary
files used in producing PDFs), a filter or custom writer could in
principle do anything on your file system. Please audit filters and
custom writers very carefully before using them.</p></li>
<li><p>Several input formats (including LaTeX, Org, RST, and Typst)
support <code>include</code> directives that allow the contents of a
file to be included in the output. An untrusted attacker could use these
to view the contents of files on the file system. (Using the
<code>--sandbox</code> option can protect against this threat.)</p></li>
<li><p>Several output formats (including RTF, FB2, HTML with
<code>--self-contained</code>, EPUB, Docx, and ODT) will embed encoded
or raw images into the output file. An untrusted attacker could exploit
this to view the contents of non-image files on the file system. (Using
the <code>--sandbox</code> option can protect against this threat, but
will also prevent including images in these formats.)</p></li>
<li><p>In reading HTML files, pandoc will attempt to include the
contents of <code>iframe</code> elements by fetching content from the
local file or URL specified by <code>src</code>. If untrusted HTML is
processed on a server, this has the potential to reveal anything
readable by the process running the server. Using the
<code>-f html+raw_html</code> will mitigate this threat by causing the
whole <code>iframe</code> to be parsed as a raw HTML block. Using
<code>--sandbox</code> will also protect against the threat.</p></li>
<li><p>If your application uses pandoc as a Haskell library (rather than
shelling out to the executable), it is possible to use it in a mode that
fully isolates pandoc from your file system, by running the pandoc
operations in the <code>PandocPure</code> monad. See the document <a
href="https://pandoc.org/using-the-pandoc-api.html">Using the pandoc
API</a> for more details. (This corresponds to the use of the
<code>--sandbox</code> option on the command line.)</p></li>
<li><p>Pandoc’s parsers can exhibit pathological performance on some
corner cases. It is wise to put any pandoc operations under a timeout,
to avoid DOS attacks that exploit these issues. If you are using the
pandoc executable, you can add the command line options
<code>+RTS -M512M -RTS</code> (for example) to limit the heap size to
512MB. Note that the <code>commonmark</code> parser (including
<code>commonmark_x</code> and <code>gfm</code>) is much less vulnerable
to pathological performance than the <code>markdown</code> parser, so it
is a better choice when processing untrusted input.</p></li>
<li><p>The HTML generated by pandoc is not guaranteed to be safe. If
<code>raw_html</code> is enabled for the Markdown input, users can
inject arbitrary HTML. Even if <code>raw_html</code> is disabled, users
can include dangerous content in URLs and attributes. To be safe, you
should run all HTML generated from untrusted user input through an HTML
sanitizer.</p></li>
</ol>
<h1 id="authors">Authors</h1>
<p>Copyright 2006–2024 John MacFarlane (jgm@berkeley.edu). Released
under the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"
title="GNU General Public License">GPL</a>, version 2 or greater. This
software carries no warranty of any kind. (See COPYRIGHT for full
copyright and warranty notices.) For a full list of contributors, see
the file AUTHORS.md in the pandoc source code.</p>
<section id="footnotes" class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document"
role="doc-endnotes">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>The point of this rule is to ensure that normal
paragraphs starting with people’s initials, like</p>
<pre><code>B. Russell won a Nobel Prize (but not for &quot;On Denoting&quot;).</code></pre>
<p>do not get treated as list items.</p>
<p>This rule will not prevent</p>
<pre><code>(C) 2007 Joe Smith</code></pre>
<p>from being interpreted as a list item. In this case, a backslash
escape can be used:</p>
<pre><code>(C\) 2007 Joe Smith</code></pre>
<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
<li id="fn2"><p>I have been influenced by the suggestions of <a
href="https://justatheory.com/2009/02/modest-markdown-proposal/">David
Wheeler</a>.<a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn3"><p>This scheme is due to Michel Fortin, who proposed it on
the <a
href="http://six.pairlist.net/pipermail/markdown-discuss/2005-March/001097.html">Markdown
discussion list</a>.<a href="#fnref3" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
<li id="fn4"><p>Note that if <code>--file-scope</code> is used, a div
written this way will be given an identifier of the form
<code>FILE__refs</code>, to avoid duplicate identifiers (see
<code>--file-scope</code>). In view of this possibility, pandoc will
place the bibliography in any div whose identifier is <code>refs</code>
<em>or</em> ends with <code>__refs</code>.<a href="#fnref4"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</section>
</body></html>
Primary native PHP reader; the Markdown reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 137/137 checked-in Markdown/native pairs across the selected Pandoc Markdown dialect profiles.

markdown_github

1 sample

Full GitHub syntax packet

6576 bytes | Inline GFM sample with broad unescaped syntax rendered as document content.

# GitHub Flavored Markdown full syntax packet

This document intentionally exercises the rendered syntax surface of GitHub Flavored Markdown. It includes CommonMark leaf blocks, container blocks, inline syntax, and the GFM extensions for tables, task list items, strikethrough, autolinks, and raw HTML filtering.

Setext heading level 1
======================

Setext heading level 2
----------------------

## Paragraphs, breaks, and escapes

Adjacent lines in one paragraph
stay in one rendered paragraph unless a blank line separates them.
This next line uses a backslash hard break.\
This line follows the backslash hard break.

Backslash escapes render punctuation literally: \*not emphasis\*, \[not a link\], \# not a heading, and \`not code\`.

Character references render as characters: &amp; &lt; &gt; &quot; &#35; &#x1F680;.

---

***

___

## Emphasis, strong emphasis, and strikethrough

This paragraph uses *asterisk emphasis*, _underscore emphasis_, **asterisk strong**, __underscore strong__, ***combined strong emphasis***, ___combined underscore strong emphasis___, and ~~GFM strikethrough~~.

Intraword underscores should stay literal in snake_case_identifier, while intraword emphasis can still appear as foo*bar*baz.

## Code spans

Use `inline code`, ``code with ` one backtick``, and `` spaced code span `` inside normal prose.

## Indented and fenced code blocks

    Four leading spaces create an indented code block.
    Markdown syntax like **strong** stays literal here.

```php
<?php
function render_packet(array $items): string
{
    return implode("\n", array_map('strtoupper', $items));
}
```

~~~js
const rows = ["tables", "tasks", "autolinks"];
console.log(rows.map((row) => row.toUpperCase()).join(", "));
~~~

````
Fence length can contain shorter fences:
```
not the end of this block
```
````

```mermaid
flowchart LR
  markdown_github --> parser
  parser --> html
  parser --> wordpress
```

## Block quotes

> A block quote can contain a paragraph with **inline formatting**.
>
> - A list inside a quote
> - A second item with `code`
>
> > Nested quotes should remain nested.

> [!NOTE]
> GitHub alert syntax should render as a callout-style block when supported.
...

Download original file

Expanded GitHub Flavored Markdown showcase covering CommonMark leaf blocks, container blocks, inline syntax, GFM tables, task lists, strikethrough, autolinks, raw HTML filtering, alerts, footnotes, emoji, math, and diagram fences.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="github-flavored-markdown-full-syntax-packet">GitHub Flavored Markdown full syntax packet</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This document intentionally exercises the rendered syntax surface of GitHub Flavored Markdown. It includes CommonMark leaf blocks, container blocks, inline syntax, and the GFM extensions for tables, task list items, strikethrough, autolinks, and raw HTML filtering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="setext-heading-level-1">Setext heading level 1</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="setext-heading-level-2">Setext heading level 2</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="paragraphs-breaks-and-escapes">Paragraphs, breaks, and escapes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Adjacent lines in one paragraph
stay in one rendered paragraph unless a blank line separates them.
This next line uses a backslash hard break.<br/>This line follows the backslash hard break.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Backslash escapes render punctuation literally: *not emphasis*, [not a link], # not a heading, and `not code`.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Character references render as characters: &amp; &lt; &gt; &quot; # 🚀.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="emphasis-strong-emphasis-and-strikethrough">Emphasis, strong emphasis, and strikethrough</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This paragraph uses <em>asterisk emphasis</em>, <em>underscore emphasis</em>, <strong>asterisk strong</strong>, <strong>underscore strong</strong>, <strong><em>combined strong emphasis</em></strong>, <strong><em>combined underscore strong emphasis</em></strong>, and <del>GFM strikethrough</del>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Intraword underscores should stay literal in snake_case_identifier, while intraword emphasis can still appear as foo<em>bar</em>baz.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="code-spans">Code spans</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use <code>inline code</code>, <code>code with ` one backtick</code>, and <code>spaced code span</code> inside normal prose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="indented-and-fenced-code-blocks">Indented and fenced code blocks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Four leading spaces create an indented code block.
Markdown syntax like **strong** stays literal here.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"php"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-php">&lt;?php
function render_packet(array $items): string
{
    return implode(&quot;\n&quot;, array_map(&#039;strtoupper&#039;, $items));
}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"javascript"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-javascript">const rows = [&quot;tables&quot;, &quot;tasks&quot;, &quot;autolinks&quot;];
console.log(rows.map((row) =&gt; row.toUpperCase()).join(&quot;, &quot;));</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Fence length can contain shorter fences:
```
not the end of this block
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"mermaid"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-mermaid">flowchart LR
  markdown_github --&gt; parser
  parser --&gt; html
  parser --&gt; wordpress</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="block-quotes">Block quotes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>A block quote can contain a paragraph with <strong>inline formatting</strong>.</p><ul><li>A list inside a quote</li><li>A second item with <code>code</code></li></ul><blockquote><p>Nested quotes should remain nested.</p></blockquote></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group note">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitHub alert syntax should render as a callout-style block when supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group tip">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tip</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alerts can include <a href="https://docs.github.com/">links</a> and <strong>formatting</strong>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group important">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Important</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Important callouts should survive as quoted content even without native alert blocks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group warning">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Warning</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Warning callouts exercise another alert label.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group caution">
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group title">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Caution</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Caution callouts complete the GitHub alert set.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Tight unordered item one</li><li>Tight unordered item two<ul><li>Nested bullet</li><li>Nested bullet with <strong>strong text</strong></li></ul></li><li>Asterisk bullet marker</li><li>Plus bullet marker</li><li>Hyphen bullet marker</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><p>Ordered item one</p></li><li><p>Ordered item two</p><ol><li>Nested ordered item</li><li>Nested ordered item with <code>code</code></li></ol></li><li><p>Ordered item three</p></li><li><p>Ordered lists can start at a non-one number.</p></li><li><p>The next marker should continue the list.</p></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Loose unordered item with a paragraph.</p><p>Continuation paragraph in the same list item.</p></li><li><p>Second loose item with a nested quote.</p><blockquote><p>Quote inside a loose list item.</p></blockquote></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><p>Loose ordered item with a paragraph.</p><p>Continuation paragraph in the ordered item.</p></li><li><p>Second loose ordered item.</p></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="task-list-items">Task list items</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="task-list"><li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Parse checked task list syntax</label></li><li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Parse uppercase checked task markers</label></li><li><label><input type="checkbox" />Preserve unchecked tasks</label></li><li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Render nested formatting with <strong>bold and <em>italic</em> text</strong></label><ul class="task-list"><li><label><input type="checkbox" />Nested follow-up task with <code>inline code</code></label></li><li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Nested completed task with <del>old wording</del></label></li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left">Feature</th><th style="text-align:center">Rendered example</th><th style="text-align:right">Alignment</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left">Bold</td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>This is bold text</strong></td><td style="text-align:right">left</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Italic</td><td style="text-align:center"><em>This text is italicized</em></td><td style="text-align:right">center</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Strikethrough</td><td style="text-align:center"><del>This was mistaken text</del></td><td style="text-align:right">right</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Inline code</td><td style="text-align:center"><code>git status --short</code></td><td style="text-align:right">code</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Link</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="https://openai.com/">OpenAI</a></td><td style="text-align:right">link</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Escaped pipe</td><td style="text-align:center"><code>a \| b</code></td><td style="text-align:right">cell</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Entity</td><td style="text-align:center">© 2026</td><td style="text-align:right">entity</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Short header</th><th>Extra body cell</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Missing body cell</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Body</td><td>cells</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="links">Links</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline link: <a href="https://openai.com/" title="OpenAI home">OpenAI</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reference link: <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/" title="GFM spec">GitHub Flavored Markdown spec</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Collapsed reference link: <a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/">CommonMark</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Shortcut reference link: <a href="https://docs.github.com/">GitHub Docs</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reference labels can be reused with different casing: <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/" title="GFM spec">gfm</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Autolink URI: <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/">https://github.github.com/gfm/</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Autolink email: <a href="mailto:support@github.com">support@github.com</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bare GFM autolinks: <a href="https://github.com/openai">https://github.com/openai</a>, <a href="http://example.com/a_(b)">http://example.com/a_(b)</a>, <a href="http://www.github.com">www.github.com</a>, and <a href="mailto:user@example.com">user@example.com</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Issue-like and mention-like tokens should remain visible: #42, GH-123, @octocat, and @github/docs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="images">Images</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline image:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/modules/logos_page/GitHub-Mark.png" alt="GitHub mark" title="GitHub mark"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reference image:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/octocat.png" alt="Octocat logo" title="Octocat"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="raw-html-blocks-and-inline-html">Raw HTML blocks and inline HTML</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<details>
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<summary>Rendered details block</summary>
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>GitHub allows raw HTML islands such as collapsible details, and Markdown inside the block should remain inspectable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>HTML block list item</li><li>Another item with <strong>formatting</strong></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:html -->
</details>
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<table>
<tr><th>HTML table head</th><th>Value</th></tr>
<tr><td>Inline HTML strong</td><td>42</td></tr>
</table>
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline HTML appears in prose: <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>K</kbd>, <sub>subscript</sub>, <sup>superscript</sup>, and <span data-kind="sample">span text</span>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Disallowed raw HTML tags should be escaped or filtered by a GFM-safe renderer:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<script type="text/plain">alert("blocked")</script>
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<style media="not all">body { color: red; }</style>
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<iframe src="about:blank" title="blocked iframe"></iframe>
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><noembed>blocked noembed</noembed></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<noframes>blocked noframes</noframes>
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:html -->
<textarea>blocked textarea</textarea>
<!-- /wp:html -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="footnotes-emoji-math-and-diagrams-used-on-github">Footnotes, emoji, math, and diagrams used on GitHub</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Footnotes should stay connected to their references.<sup id="fnref-1"><a href="#fn-1" role="doc-noteref">1</a></sup></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Emoji shortcodes such as <span class="emoji" data-emoji="rocket">🚀</span>, <span class="emoji" data-emoji="heart">❤️</span>, <span class="emoji" data-emoji="+1">👍</span>, and :octocat: should remain visible for GitHub-style rendering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline math uses dollar delimiters when enabled: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">E = mc^2</annotation></semantics></math>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Block math:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mn>0</mn><mn>1</mn></msubsup><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mspace width="0.1667em"></mspace><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\int_0^1 x^2\,dx = \frac{1}{3}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"geojson"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-geojson">{
  &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Point&quot;,
  &quot;coordinates&quot;: [-122.4194, 37.7749]
}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"topojson"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-topojson">{
  &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Topology&quot;,
  &quot;objects&quot;: {},
  &quot;arcs&quot;: []
}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"stl"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-stl">solid cube
endsolid cube</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li id="fn-1"><p>Footnote bodies can include <strong>formatting</strong>, links, <code>code</code>, and lists.</p><p>This indented line remains part of the footnote.</p> <a href="#fnref-1" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="github-flavored-markdown-full-syntax-packet">GitHub Flavored Markdown full syntax packet</h1>
<p>This document intentionally exercises the rendered syntax surface of GitHub Flavored Markdown. It includes CommonMark leaf blocks, container blocks, inline syntax, and the GFM extensions for tables, task list items, strikethrough, autolinks, and raw HTML filtering.</p>
<h1 id="setext-heading-level-1">Setext heading level 1</h1>
<h2 id="setext-heading-level-2">Setext heading level 2</h2>
<h2 id="paragraphs-breaks-and-escapes">Paragraphs, breaks, and escapes</h2>
<p>Adjacent lines in one paragraph stay in one rendered paragraph unless a blank line separates them. This next line uses a backslash hard break.<br />
This line follows the backslash hard break.</p>
<p>Backslash escapes render punctuation literally: *not emphasis*, [not a link], # not a heading, and `not code`.</p>
<p>Character references render as characters: &amp; &lt; &gt; &quot; # 🚀.</p>
<hr />
<hr />
<hr />
<h2 id="emphasis-strong-emphasis-and-strikethrough">Emphasis, strong emphasis, and strikethrough</h2>
<p>This paragraph uses <em>asterisk emphasis</em>, <em>underscore emphasis</em>, <strong>asterisk strong</strong>, <strong>underscore strong</strong>, <strong><em>combined strong emphasis</em></strong>, <strong><em>combined underscore strong emphasis</em></strong>, and <del>GFM strikethrough</del>.</p>
<p>Intraword underscores should stay literal in snake_case_identifier, while intraword emphasis can still appear as foo<em>bar</em>baz.</p>
<h2 id="code-spans">Code spans</h2>
<p>Use <code>inline code</code>, <code>code with ` one backtick</code>, and <code>spaced code span</code> inside normal prose.</p>
<h2 id="indented-and-fenced-code-blocks">Indented and fenced code blocks</h2>
<pre><code>Four leading spaces create an indented code block.
Markdown syntax like **strong** stays literal here.</code></pre>
<pre class="php"><code>&lt;?php
function render_packet(array $items): string
{
    return implode(&quot;\n&quot;, array_map(&#039;strtoupper&#039;, $items));
}</code></pre>
<pre class="js"><code>const rows = [&quot;tables&quot;, &quot;tasks&quot;, &quot;autolinks&quot;];
console.log(rows.map((row) =&gt; row.toUpperCase()).join(&quot;, &quot;));</code></pre>
<pre><code>Fence length can contain shorter fences:
```
not the end of this block
```</code></pre>
<pre class="mermaid"><code>flowchart LR
  markdown_github --&gt; parser
  parser --&gt; html
  parser --&gt; wordpress</code></pre>
<h2 id="block-quotes">Block quotes</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>A block quote can contain a paragraph with <strong>inline formatting</strong>.</p>
<ul>
<li>A list inside a quote</li>
<li>A second item with <code>code</code></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Nested quotes should remain nested.</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>GitHub alert syntax should render as a callout-style block when supported.</p>
</div>
<div class="tip">
<div class="title">
<p>Tip</p>
</div>
<p>Alerts can include <a href="https://docs.github.com/">links</a> and <strong>formatting</strong>.</p>
</div>
<div class="important">
<div class="title">
<p>Important</p>
</div>
<p>Important callouts should survive as quoted content even without native alert blocks.</p>
</div>
<div class="warning">
<div class="title">
<p>Warning</p>
</div>
<p>Warning callouts exercise another alert label.</p>
</div>
<div class="caution">
<div class="title">
<p>Caution</p>
</div>
<p>Caution callouts complete the GitHub alert set.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<ul>
<li>Tight unordered item one</li>
<li>Tight unordered item two
<ul>
<li>Nested bullet</li>
<li>Nested bullet with <strong>strong text</strong></li>
</ul></li>
<li>Asterisk bullet marker</li>
<li>Plus bullet marker</li>
<li>Hyphen bullet marker</li>
</ul>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Ordered item one</p></li>
<li><p>Ordered item two</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Nested ordered item</li>
<li>Nested ordered item with <code>code</code></li>
</ol></li>
<li><p>Ordered item three</p></li>
<li><p>Ordered lists can start at a non-one number.</p></li>
<li><p>The next marker should continue the list.</p></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><p>Loose unordered item with a paragraph.</p>
<p>Continuation paragraph in the same list item.</p></li>
<li><p>Second loose item with a nested quote.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Quote inside a loose list item.</p>
</blockquote></li>
</ul>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Loose ordered item with a paragraph.</p>
<p>Continuation paragraph in the ordered item.</p></li>
<li><p>Second loose ordered item.</p></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="task-list-items">Task list items</h2>
<ul class="task-list">
<li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Parse checked task list syntax</label></li>
<li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Parse uppercase checked task markers</label></li>
<li><label><input type="checkbox" />Preserve unchecked tasks</label></li>
<li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Render nested formatting with <strong>bold and <em>italic</em> text</strong></label>
<ul class="task-list">
<li><label><input type="checkbox" />Nested follow-up task with <code>inline code</code></label></li>
<li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Nested completed task with <del>old wording</del></label></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:left">Feature</th><th style="text-align:center">Rendered example</th><th style="text-align:right">Alignment</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Bold</td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>This is bold text</strong></td><td style="text-align:right">left</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Italic</td><td style="text-align:center"><em>This text is italicized</em></td><td style="text-align:right">center</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Strikethrough</td><td style="text-align:center"><del>This was mistaken text</del></td><td style="text-align:right">right</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Inline code</td><td style="text-align:center"><code>git status --short</code></td><td style="text-align:right">code</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Link</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="https://openai.com/">OpenAI</a></td><td style="text-align:right">link</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Escaped pipe</td><td style="text-align:center"><code>a \| b</code></td><td style="text-align:right">cell</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Entity</td><td style="text-align:center">© 2026</td><td style="text-align:right">entity</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Short header</th><th>Extra body cell</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Missing body cell</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Body</td><td>cells</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="links">Links</h2>
<p>Inline link: <a href="https://openai.com/" title="OpenAI home">OpenAI</a>.</p>
<p>Reference link: <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/" title="GFM spec">GitHub Flavored Markdown spec</a>.</p>
<p>Collapsed reference link: <a href="https://spec.commonmark.org/">CommonMark</a>.</p>
<p>Shortcut reference link: <a href="https://docs.github.com/">GitHub Docs</a>.</p>
<p>Reference labels can be reused with different casing: <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/" title="GFM spec">gfm</a>.</p>
<p>Autolink URI: <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/" class="uri">https://github.github.com/gfm/</a>.</p>
<p>Autolink email: <a href="mailto:support@github.com" class="email">support@github.com</a>.</p>
<p>Bare GFM autolinks: <a href="https://github.com/openai" class="uri">https://github.com/openai</a>, <a href="http://example.com/a_(b)" class="uri">http://example.com/a_(b)</a>, <a href="http://www.github.com" class="uri">www.github.com</a>, and <a href="mailto:user@example.com" class="email">user@example.com</a>.</p>
<p>Issue-like and mention-like tokens should remain visible: #42, GH-123, @octocat, and @github/docs.</p>
<h2 id="images">Images</h2>
<p>Inline image:</p>
<p><img src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/modules/logos_page/GitHub-Mark.png" title="GitHub mark" alt="GitHub mark" /></p>
<p>Reference image:</p>
<p><img src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/octocat.png" title="Octocat" alt="Octocat logo" /></p>
<h2 id="raw-html-blocks-and-inline-html">Raw HTML blocks and inline HTML</h2>
<details>
<summary>Rendered details block</summary>
<p>GitHub allows raw HTML islands such as collapsible details, and Markdown inside the block should remain inspectable.</p>
<ul>
<li>HTML block list item</li>
<li>Another item with <strong>formatting</strong></li>
</ul>
</details>
<table>
<tr><th>HTML table head</th><th>Value</th></tr>
<tr><td>Inline HTML strong</td><td>42</td></tr>
</table>
<p>Inline HTML appears in prose: <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>K</kbd>, <sub>subscript</sub>, <sup>superscript</sup>, and <span data-kind="sample">span text</span>.</p>
<p>Disallowed raw HTML tags should be escaped or filtered by a GFM-safe renderer:</p>
<script type="text/plain">alert("blocked")</script>
<style media="not all">body { color: red; }</style>
<iframe src="about:blank" title="blocked iframe"></iframe>
<p><noembed>blocked noembed</noembed></p>
<noframes>blocked noframes</noframes>
<textarea>blocked textarea</textarea>
<h2 id="footnotes-emoji-math-and-diagrams-used-on-github">Footnotes, emoji, math, and diagrams used on GitHub</h2>
<p>Footnotes should stay connected to their references.<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a></p>
<p>Emoji shortcodes such as <span class="emoji" data-emoji="rocket">🚀</span>, <span class="emoji" data-emoji="heart">❤️</span>, <span class="emoji" data-emoji="+1">👍</span>, and :octocat: should remain visible for GitHub-style rendering.</p>
<p>Inline math uses dollar delimiters when enabled: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">E = mc^2</annotation></semantics></math>.</p>
<p>Block math:</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mn>0</mn><mn>1</mn></msubsup><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mspace width="0.1667em"></mspace><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\int_0^1 x^2\,dx = \frac{1}{3}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<pre class="geojson"><code>{
  &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Point&quot;,
  &quot;coordinates&quot;: [-122.4194, 37.7749]
}</code></pre>
<pre class="topojson"><code>{
  &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Topology&quot;,
  &quot;objects&quot;: {},
  &quot;arcs&quot;: []
}</code></pre>
<pre class="stl"><code>solid cube
endsolid cube</code></pre>
<div class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>Footnote bodies can include <strong>formatting</strong>, links, <code>code</code>, and lists.</p>
<p>This indented line remains part of the footnote.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="github-flavored-markdown-full-syntax-packet">GitHub Flavored
Markdown full syntax packet</h1>
<p>This document intentionally exercises the rendered syntax surface of
GitHub Flavored Markdown. It includes CommonMark leaf blocks, container
blocks, inline syntax, and the GFM extensions for tables, task list
items, strikethrough, autolinks, and raw HTML filtering.</p>
<h1 id="setext-heading-level-1">Setext heading level 1</h1>
<h2 id="setext-heading-level-2">Setext heading level 2</h2>
<h2 id="paragraphs-breaks-and-escapes">Paragraphs, breaks, and
escapes</h2>
<p>Adjacent lines in one paragraph stay in one rendered paragraph unless
a blank line separates them. This next line uses a backslash hard
break.\ This line follows the backslash hard break.</p>
<p>Backslash escapes render punctuation literally: *not emphasis*, [not
a link], # not a heading, and `not code`.</p>
<p>Character references render as characters: &amp; &lt; &gt; " #
🚀.</p>
<hr />
<hr />
<hr />
<h2 id="emphasis-strong-emphasis-and-strikethrough">Emphasis, strong
emphasis, and strikethrough</h2>
<p>This paragraph uses <em>asterisk emphasis</em>, <em>underscore
emphasis</em>, <strong>asterisk strong</strong>, <strong>underscore
strong</strong>, <strong><em>combined strong emphasis</em></strong>,
<strong><em>combined underscore strong emphasis</em></strong>, and
<del>GFM strikethrough</del>.</p>
<p>Intraword underscores should stay literal in snake_case_identifier,
while intraword emphasis can still appear as foo<em>bar</em>baz.</p>
<h2 id="code-spans">Code spans</h2>
<p>Use <code>inline code</code>, <code>code with ` one backtick</code>,
and <code>spaced code span</code> inside normal prose.</p>
<h2 id="indented-and-fenced-code-blocks">Indented and fenced code
blocks</h2>
<pre><code>Four leading spaces create an indented code block.
Markdown syntax like **strong** stays literal here.</code></pre>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre
class="sourceCode php"><code class="sourceCode php"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">&lt;?php</span></span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">function</span> render_packet(<span class="dt">array</span> <span class="va">$items</span>)<span class="ot">:</span> <span class="dt">string</span></span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>{</span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="cf">return</span> <span class="fu">implode</span>(<span class="st">&quot;</span><span class="sc">\n</span><span class="st">&quot;</span><span class="ot">,</span> <span class="fu">array_map</span>(<span class="st">&#39;strtoupper&#39;</span><span class="ot">,</span> <span class="va">$items</span>))<span class="ot">;</span></span>
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span></code></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode js"><code class="sourceCode javascript"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">const</span> rows <span class="op">=</span> [<span class="st">&quot;tables&quot;</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="st">&quot;tasks&quot;</span><span class="op">,</span> <span class="st">&quot;autolinks&quot;</span>]<span class="op">;</span></span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">console</span><span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">log</span>(rows<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">map</span>((row) <span class="kw">=&gt;</span> row<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">toUpperCase</span>())<span class="op">.</span><span class="fu">join</span>(<span class="st">&quot;, &quot;</span>))<span class="op">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>Fence length can contain shorter fences:
```
not the end of this block
```</code></pre>
<pre class="mermaid"><code>flowchart LR
  markdown_github --&gt; parser
  parser --&gt; html
  parser --&gt; wordpress</code></pre>
<h2 id="block-quotes">Block quotes</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>A block quote can contain a paragraph with <strong>inline
formatting</strong>.</p>
<ul>
<li>A list inside a quote</li>
<li>A second item with <code>code</code></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Nested quotes should remain nested.</p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<div class="note">
<div class="title">
<p>Note</p>
</div>
<p>GitHub alert syntax should render as a callout-style block when
supported.</p>
</div>
<div class="tip">
<div class="title">
<p>Tip</p>
</div>
<p>Alerts can include <a href="https://docs.github.com/">links</a> and
<strong>formatting</strong>.</p>
</div>
<div class="important">
<div class="title">
<p>Important</p>
</div>
<p>Important callouts should survive as quoted content even without
native alert blocks.</p>
</div>
<div class="warning">
<div class="title">
<p>Warning</p>
</div>
<p>Warning callouts exercise another alert label.</p>
</div>
<div class="caution">
<div class="title">
<p>Caution</p>
</div>
<p>Caution callouts complete the GitHub alert set.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<ul>
<li>Tight unordered item one</li>
<li>Tight unordered item two
<ul>
<li>Nested bullet</li>
<li>Nested bullet with <strong>strong text</strong></li>
</ul></li>
<li>Asterisk bullet marker</li>
<li>Plus bullet marker</li>
<li>Hyphen bullet marker</li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li><p>Ordered item one</p></li>
<li><p>Ordered item two</p>
<ol>
<li>Nested ordered item</li>
<li>Nested ordered item with <code>code</code></li>
</ol></li>
<li><p>Ordered item three</p></li>
<li><p>Ordered lists can start at a non-one number.</p></li>
<li><p>The next marker should continue the list.</p></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><p>Loose unordered item with a paragraph.</p>
<p>Continuation paragraph in the same list item.</p></li>
<li><p>Second loose item with a nested quote.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Quote inside a loose list item.</p>
</blockquote></li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li><p>Loose ordered item with a paragraph.</p>
<p>Continuation paragraph in the ordered item.</p></li>
<li><p>Second loose ordered item.</p></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="task-list-items">Task list items</h2>
<ul class="task-list">
<li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Parse checked task list
syntax</label></li>
<li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Parse uppercase checked
task markers</label></li>
<li><label><input type="checkbox" />Preserve unchecked
tasks</label></li>
<li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Render nested formatting
with <strong>bold and <em>italic</em> text</strong></label>
<ul class="task-list">
<li><label><input type="checkbox" />Nested follow-up task with
<code>inline code</code></label></li>
<li><label><input type="checkbox" checked="" />Nested completed task
with <del>old wording</del></label></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left;">Feature</th>
<th style="text-align: center;">Rendered example</th>
<th style="text-align: right;">Alignment</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Bold</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>This is bold text</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: right;">left</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Italic</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><em>This text is italicized</em></td>
<td style="text-align: right;">center</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Strikethrough</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><del>This was mistaken text</del></td>
<td style="text-align: right;">right</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Inline code</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><code>git status --short</code></td>
<td style="text-align: right;">code</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Link</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a
href="https://openai.com/">OpenAI</a></td>
<td style="text-align: right;">link</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Escaped pipe</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><code>a \| b</code></td>
<td style="text-align: right;">cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left;">Entity</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">© 2026</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">entity</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Short header</th>
<th>Extra body cell</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Missing body cell</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Body</td>
<td>cells</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="links">Links</h2>
<p>Inline link: <a href="https://openai.com/"
title="OpenAI home">OpenAI</a>.</p>
<p>Reference link: <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/"
title="GFM spec">GitHub Flavored Markdown spec</a>.</p>
<p>Collapsed reference link: <a
href="https://spec.commonmark.org/">CommonMark</a>.</p>
<p>Shortcut reference link: <a href="https://docs.github.com/">GitHub
Docs</a>.</p>
<p>Reference labels can be reused with different casing: <a
href="https://github.github.com/gfm/" title="GFM spec">gfm</a>.</p>
<p>Autolink URI: <a href="https://github.github.com/gfm/"
class="uri">https://github.github.com/gfm/</a>.</p>
<p>Autolink email: <a href="mailto:support@github.com"
class="email">support@github.com</a>.</p>
<p>Bare GFM autolinks: <a href="https://github.com/openai"
class="uri">https://github.com/openai</a>, <a
href="http://example.com/a_(b)"
class="uri">http://example.com/a_(b)</a>, www.github.com, and <a
href="mailto:user@example.com" class="email">user@example.com</a>.</p>
<p>Issue-like and mention-like tokens should remain visible: #42,
GH-123, @octocat, and @github/docs.</p>
<h2 id="images">Images</h2>
<p>Inline image:</p>
<p><img
src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/modules/logos_page/GitHub-Mark.png"
title="GitHub mark" alt="GitHub mark" /></p>
<p>Reference image:</p>
<p><img
src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/octocat.png"
title="Octocat" alt="Octocat logo" /></p>
<h2 id="raw-html-blocks-and-inline-html">Raw HTML blocks and inline
HTML</h2>
<details>
<summary>Rendered details block</summary>

GitHub allows raw HTML islands such as collapsible details, and Markdown inside the block should remain inspectable.

- HTML block list item
- Another item with **formatting**

</details>
<table>
<tr><th>HTML table head</th><th>Value</th></tr>
<tr><td>Inline HTML <strong>strong</strong></td><td>42</td></tr>
</table>
<p>Inline HTML appears in prose: <kbd>Ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>K</kbd>,
<sub>subscript</sub>, <sup>superscript</sup>, and
<span data-kind="sample">span text</span>.</p>
<p>Disallowed raw HTML tags should be escaped or filtered by a GFM-safe
renderer:</p>
<script type="text/plain">alert("blocked")</script>
<style media="not all">body { color: red; }</style>
<iframe src="about:blank" title="blocked iframe">
</iframe>
<p><noembed>blocked noembed</noembed></p>
<noframes>blocked noframes</noframes>
<textarea>blocked textarea</textarea>
<h2 id="footnotes-emoji-math-and-diagrams-used-on-github">Footnotes,
emoji, math, and diagrams used on GitHub</h2>
<p>Footnotes should stay connected to their references.<a href="#fn1"
class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a></p>
<p>Emoji shortcodes such as <span class="emoji"
data-emoji="rocket">🚀</span>, <span class="emoji"
data-emoji="heart">❤️</span>, <span class="emoji"
data-emoji="+1">👍</span>, and :octocat: should remain visible for
GitHub-style rendering.</p>
<p>Inline math uses dollar delimiters when enabled: $E = mc^2$.</p>
<p>Block math:</p>
<p>$$ \int_0^1 x^2,dx = \frac{1}{3} $$</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre
class="sourceCode geojson"><code class="sourceCode json"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">{</span></span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">&quot;Point&quot;</span><span class="fu">,</span></span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="dt">&quot;coordinates&quot;</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="ot">[</span><span class="fl">-122.4194</span><span class="ot">,</span> <span class="fl">37.7749</span><span class="ot">]</span></span>
<span id="cb6-4"><a href="#cb6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
<pre class="topojson"><code>{
  &quot;type&quot;: &quot;Topology&quot;,
  &quot;objects&quot;: {},
  &quot;arcs&quot;: []
}</code></pre>
<pre class="stl"><code>solid cube
endsolid cube</code></pre>
<section id="footnotes" class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document"
role="doc-endnotes">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1"><p>Footnote bodies can include <strong>formatting</strong>,
links, <code>code</code>, and lists.</p>
<p>This indented line remains part of the footnote.<a href="#fnref1"
class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
</ol>
</section>
</body></html>
Deprecated upstream token handled as a GFM-family Markdown variant by the shared Markdown reader implementation-equivalence gate.

markdown_mmd

1 sample

MultiMarkdown Quick Start guide

24452 bytes | fletcher/MultiMarkdown-6 QuickStart/QuickStart.txt

Title:	MultiMarkdown v6 Quick Start Guide
Author:	Fletcher T. Penney
Version:	6.7.0
LaTeX Config:	tufte-handout
Base Header Level:	3
uuid:	0d6313fa-9135-477e-9c14-7d62c1977833


{{TOC}}


# Introduction #

Version: [%version] 

This document serves as a description of MMD v6, as well as a sample document to demonstrate the various features.  Specifically, differences from MMD v5 will be pointed out. 


# Performance # 

A big motivating factor leading to the development of MMD v6 was performance.  When MMD first migrated from Perl to C (based on [peg- markdown](https://github.com/jgm/peg-markdown)), it was among the fastest Markdown parsers available.  That was many years ago, and the "competition" has made a great deal of progress since that time. 

When developing MMD v6, one of my goals was to keep MMD at least in the ballpark of the fastest processors.  Of course, being *the* fastest would be fantastic, but I was more concerned with ensuring that the code was easily understood, and easily updated with new features in the future. 

MMD v3 -- v5 used a PEG to handle the parsing.  This made it easy to understand the relationship between the MMD grammar and the parsing code, since they were one and the same.  However, the parsing code generated by the parsers was not particularly fast, and was prone to troublesome edge cases with terrible performance characteristics. 

The first step in MMD v6 parsing is to break the source text into a series of tokens, which may consist of plain text, whitespace, or special characters such as '*', '[', etc.  This chain of tokens is then used to perform the actual parsing. 

MMD v6 divides the parsing into two separate phases, which actually fits more with Markdown's design philosophically. 

1.	Block parsing consists of identifying the "type" of each line of the source text, and grouping the lines into blocks (e.g. paragraphs, lists, blockquotes, etc.) Some blocks are a single line (e.g. ATX headers), and others can be many lines long.  The block parsing in MMD v6 is handled by a parser generated by [lemon](http://www.hwaci.com/sw/lemon/).  This parser allows the block structure to be more readily understood by non-programmers, but the generated parser is still fast. 

2.	Span parsing consists of identifying Markdown/MMD structures that occur inside of blocks, such as links, images, strong, emph, etc.  Most of these structures require matching pairs of tokens to specify where the span starts and where it ends.  Most of these spans allow arbitrary levels of nesting as well.  This made parsing them correctly in the PEG-based code difficult and slow.  MMD v6 uses a different approach that is accurate and has good performance characteristics even with edge cases.  Basically, it keeps a stack of each "opening" token as it steps through the token chain.  When a "closing" token is found, it is paired with the most recent appropriate opener on the stack.  Any tokens in between the opener and closer are removed, as they are not able to be matched any more.  To avoid unnecessary searches for non- existent openers, the parser keeps track of which opening tokens have been discovered.  This allows the parser to continue moving forwards without having to go backwards and re-parse any previously visited tokens. 

The result of this redesigned MMD parser is that it can parse short documents more quickly than [CommonMark](http://commonmark.org/), and takes only 15% -- 20% longer to parse long documents.  I have not delved too deeply into this, but I presume that CommonMark has a bit more "set-up" time that becomes expensive when parsing a short document (e.g. a paragraph or two). But this cost becomes negligible when parsing longer documents (e.g. file sizes of 1 MB).  So depending on your use case, CommonMark may well be faster than MMD, but we're talking about splitting hairs here....  Recent comparisons show MMD v6 taking approximately 4.37 seconds to parse a 108 MB file (approximately 24.8 MB/second), and CommonMark took 3.72 seconds for the same file (29.2 MB/second).  For comparison, MMD v5.4 took approximately 94 second for the same file (1.15 MB/second). 

For a more realistic file of approx 28 kb (the source of the Markdown Syntax web page), both MMD and CommonMark parse it too quickly to accurately measure.  In fact, it requires a file consisting of the original file copied 32 times over (0.85 MB) before `/usr/bin/env time` reports a time over the minimum threshold of 0.01 seconds for either program. 

There is still potentially room for additional optimization in MMD. However, even if I can't close the performance gap with CommonMark on longer files, the additional features of MMD compared with Markdown in addition to the increased legibility of the source code of MMD (in my biased opinion anyway) make this project worthwhile. 


# Parse Tree #

MMD v6 performs its parsing in the following steps: 

1.	Start with a null-terminated string of source text (C style string) 

2.	Lex string into token chain 

3.	Parse token chain into blocks 

4.	Parse tokens within each block into span level structures (e.g. strong, emph, etc.) 

5.	Export the token tree into the desired output format (e.g. HTML, LaTeX, etc.) and return the resulting C style string 

	**OR** 

6.	Use the resulting token tree for your own purposes. 

The token tree ([?AST]) includes starting offsets and length of each token, allowing you to use MMD as part of a syntax highlighter.  MMD v5 did not have this functionality in the public version, in part because the PEG parsers used did not provide reliable offset positions, requiring a great deal of effort when I adapted MMD for use in [MultiMarkdown Composer](http://multimarkdown.com/). 

These steps are managed using the `mmd_engine` "object".  An individual `mmd_engine` cannot be used by multiple threads simultaneously, so if libMultiMarkdown is to be used in a multithreaded program, a separate `mmd_engine` should be created for each thread.  Alternatively, just use the slightly more abstracted `mmd_convert_string()` function that handles creating and destroying the `mmd_engine` automatically. 


# Features #

## Abbreviations (Or Acronyms) ##

This file includes the use of MMD as an abbreviation for MultiMarkdown. The abbreviation will be expanded on the first use, and the shortened form will be used on subsequent occurrences. 

Abbreviations can be specified using inline or reference syntax.  The inline variant requires that the abbreviation be wrapped in parentheses and immediately follows the `>`. 

	[>MMD] is an abbreviation.  So is [>(MD) Markdown].

	[>MMD]: MultiMarkdown

There is also a "shortcut" method for abbreviations that is similar to the approach used in prior versions of MMD.  You specify the definition for the abbreviation in the usual manner, but MMD will automatically identify each instance where the abbreviation is used and substitute it automatically.  In this case, the abbreviation is limited to a more basic character set which includes letters, numbers, periods, and hyphens, but not much else.  For more complex abbreviations, you must explicitly mark uses of the abbreviation. 


## Citations ##
...

Download original file

Real MultiMarkdown guide with metadata, citations, CriticMarkup examples, image syntax, fenced code, footnotes, glossary terms, and heading structure.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{{TOC}}</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="introduction">Introduction</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Version: [%version]</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This document serves as a description of MMD v6, as well as a sample document to demonstrate the various features.  Specifically, differences from MMD v5 will be pointed out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="performance">Performance</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A big motivating factor leading to the development of MMD v6 was performance.  When MMD first migrated from Perl to C (based on <a href="https://github.com/jgm/peg-markdown">peg- markdown</a>), it was among the fastest Markdown parsers available.  That was many years ago, and the “competition” has made a great deal of progress since that time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When developing MMD v6, one of my goals was to keep MMD at least in the ballpark of the fastest processors.  Of course, being <em>the</em> fastest would be fantastic, but I was more concerned with ensuring that the code was easily understood, and easily updated with new features in the future.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MMD v3 – v5 used a PEG to handle the parsing.  This made it easy to understand the relationship between the MMD grammar and the parsing code, since they were one and the same.  However, the parsing code generated by the parsers was not particularly fast, and was prone to troublesome edge cases with terrible performance characteristics.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The first step in MMD v6 parsing is to break the source text into a series of tokens, which may consist of plain text, whitespace, or special characters such as ‘*’, ‘[’, etc.  This chain of tokens is then used to perform the actual parsing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MMD v6 divides the parsing into two separate phases, which actually fits more with Markdown’s design philosophically.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><p>Block parsing consists of identifying the “type” of each line of the source text, and grouping the lines into blocks (e.g. paragraphs, lists, blockquotes, etc.) Some blocks are a single line (e.g. ATX headers), and others can be many lines long.  The block parsing in MMD v6 is handled by a parser generated by <a href="http://www.hwaci.com/sw/lemon/">lemon</a>.  This parser allows the block structure to be more readily understood by non-programmers, but the generated parser is still fast.</p></li><li><p>Span parsing consists of identifying Markdown/MMD structures that occur inside of blocks, such as links, images, strong, emph, etc.  Most of these structures require matching pairs of tokens to specify where the span starts and where it ends.  Most of these spans allow arbitrary levels of nesting as well.  This made parsing them correctly in the PEG-based code difficult and slow.  MMD v6 uses a different approach that is accurate and has good performance characteristics even with edge cases.  Basically, it keeps a stack of each “opening” token as it steps through the token chain.  When a “closing” token is found, it is paired with the most recent appropriate opener on the stack.  Any tokens in between the opener and closer are removed, as they are not able to be matched any more.  To avoid unnecessary searches for non- existent openers, the parser keeps track of which opening tokens have been discovered.  This allows the parser to continue moving forwards without having to go backwards and re-parse any previously visited tokens.</p></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The result of this redesigned MMD parser is that it can parse short documents more quickly than <a href="http://commonmark.org/">CommonMark</a>, and takes only 15% – 20% longer to parse long documents.  I have not delved too deeply into this, but I presume that CommonMark has a bit more “set-up” time that becomes expensive when parsing a short document (e.g. a paragraph or two). But this cost becomes negligible when parsing longer documents (e.g. file sizes of 1 MB).  So depending on your use case, CommonMark may well be faster than MMD, but we’re talking about splitting hairs here….  Recent comparisons show MMD v6 taking approximately 4.37 seconds to parse a 108 MB file (approximately 24.8 MB/second), and CommonMark took 3.72 seconds for the same file (29.2 MB/second).  For comparison, MMD v5.4 took approximately 94 second for the same file (1.15 MB/second).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a more realistic file of approx 28 kb (the source of the Markdown Syntax web page), both MMD and CommonMark parse it too quickly to accurately measure.  In fact, it requires a file consisting of the original file copied 32 times over (0.85 MB) before <code>/usr/bin/env time</code> reports a time over the minimum threshold of 0.01 seconds for either program.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There is still potentially room for additional optimization in MMD. However, even if I can’t close the performance gap with CommonMark on longer files, the additional features of MMD compared with Markdown in addition to the increased legibility of the source code of MMD (in my biased opinion anyway) make this project worthwhile.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="parse-tree">Parse Tree</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MMD v6 performs its parsing in the following steps:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><p>Start with a null-terminated string of source text (C style string)</p></li><li><p>Lex string into token chain</p></li><li><p>Parse token chain into blocks</p></li><li><p>Parse tokens within each block into span level structures (e.g. strong, emph, etc.)</p></li><li><p>Export the token tree into the desired output format (e.g. HTML, LaTeX, etc.) and return the resulting C style string</p><p><strong>OR</strong></p></li><li><p>Use the resulting token tree for your own purposes.</p></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The token tree ([?AST]) includes starting offsets and length of each token, allowing you to use MMD as part of a syntax highlighter.  MMD v5 did not have this functionality in the public version, in part because the PEG parsers used did not provide reliable offset positions, requiring a great deal of effort when I adapted MMD for use in <a href="http://multimarkdown.com/">MultiMarkdown Composer</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These steps are managed using the <code>mmd_engine</code> “object”.  An individual <code>mmd_engine</code> cannot be used by multiple threads simultaneously, so if libMultiMarkdown is to be used in a multithreaded program, a separate <code>mmd_engine</code> should be created for each thread.  Alternatively, just use the slightly more abstracted <code>mmd_convert_string()</code> function that handles creating and destroying the <code>mmd_engine</code> automatically.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="features">Features</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="abbreviations-or-acronyms">Abbreviations (Or Acronyms)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This file includes the use of MMD as an abbreviation for MultiMarkdown. The abbreviation will be expanded on the first use, and the shortened form will be used on subsequent occurrences.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Abbreviations can be specified using inline or reference syntax.  The inline variant requires that the abbreviation be wrapped in parentheses and immediately follows the <code>&gt;</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[&gt;MMD] is an abbreviation.  So is [&gt;(MD) Markdown].

[&gt;MMD]: MultiMarkdown</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There is also a “shortcut” method for abbreviations that is similar to the approach used in prior versions of MMD.  You specify the definition for the abbreviation in the usual manner, but MMD will automatically identify each instance where the abbreviation is used and substitute it automatically.  In this case, the abbreviation is limited to a more basic character set which includes letters, numbers, periods, and hyphens, but not much else.  For more complex abbreviations, you must explicitly mark uses of the abbreviation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="citations">Citations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Citations can be specified using an inline syntax, just like inline footnotes. If you wish to use BibTeX, then configure the <code>bibtex</code> metadata (required) and the <code>biblio style</code> metadata (optional).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The HTML output for citations now uses parentheses instead of brackets, e.g. <code>(1)</code> instead of <code>[1]</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="criticmarkup">CriticMarkup</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MMD v6 has improved support for <a href="http://criticmarkup.com/">CriticMarkup</a>, both in terms of parsing, and in terms of support for each output format.  You can {++insert text++}, {–delete text–}, substitute {~~one thing~&gt;for another~~}, {==highlight text==}, and {&gt;&gt;leave comments&lt;&lt;} in the text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you don’t specify any command line options, then MMD will apply special formatting to the CriticMarkup formatting as in the preceding paragraph. Alternatively, you can use the <code>-a\--accept</code> or <code>-r\--reject</code> options to cause MMD to accept or reject, respectively, the proposed changes within the CM markup.  When doing this, CM will work across blank lines.  Without either of these two options, then CriticMarkup that spans a blank line is not recognized as such.  I am working on options for this for the future.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="embedded-images">Embedded Images</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Supported export formats (<code>odt</code>, <code>epub</code>, <code>bundle</code>, <code>bundlezip</code>) include images inside the export document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Local images are embedded automatically</li><li>Images stored on remote servers are embedded <em>if</em> <a href="https://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/">libCurl</a> is properly installed when MMD is compiled.  This is true for macOS builds.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="emph-and-strong">Emph and Strong</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The basics of emphasis and strong emphasis are unchanged, but the parsing engine has been improved to be more accurate, particularly in various edge cases where proper parsing can be difficult.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="epub-3-support">EPUB 3 Support</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MMD v6 now provides support for direct creation of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPUB">EPUB 3</a> files.  Previously a separate tool was required to create EPUB files from MMD.  It’s now built-in.  Currently, EPUB 3 files are built using the usual HTML 5 output.  No extra CSS is applied, so the default from the reader will be used.  Images are not yet supported, but are planned for the future.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>EPUB files can be highly customized with other tools, and I recommend doing that for production quality files.  For example, apparently performance is improved when the content is divided into multiple files (e.g. one file per chapter).  MMD creates EPUB 3 files using a single file.  Tools like <a href="https://sigil-ebook.com/">Sigil</a> are useful for improving your EPUB files, and I recommend doing that.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Not all EPUB readers support v3 files.  I don’t plan on adding support for older versions of the EPUB format, but other tools can convert to other document formats you need.  Same goes for Amazon’s ebook formats – the <a href="https://calibre-ebook.com/">Calibre</a> program can also be used to interconvert between formats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: Because EPUB documents are binary files, MMD only creates them when run in batch mode (using the <code>-b\--batch</code> options).  Otherwise, it simply outputs the HTML 5 file that would serve as the primary content for the EPUB.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="fenced-code-blocks">Fenced Code Blocks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fenced code blocks are fundamentally the same as MMD v5, except:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><p>The leading and trailing fences can be 3, 4, or 5 backticks in length. That should be sufficient to account for complex documents without requiring a more complex parser.</p></li><li><p>If there is no trailing fence, then everything after the leading fence is considered to be part of the code block.</p></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The HTML output for footnotes now uses superscripts instead of brackets, e.g. <code>&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;</code> instead of <code>[1]</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="glossary-terms">Glossary Terms</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If there are terms in your document you wish to define in a [?(glossary) The glossary collects information about important terms used in your document] at the end of your document, you can define them using the glossary syntax.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Glossary terms can be specified using inline or reference syntax. The inline variant requires that the abbreviation be wrapped in parentheses and immediately follows the <code>?</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[?(glossary) The glossary collects information about important
terms used in your document] is a glossary term.

[?glossary] is also a glossary term.

[?glossary]: The glossary collects information about important
terms used in your document</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Much like abbreviations, there is also a “shortcut” method that is similar to the approach used in prior versions of MMD.  You specify the definition for the glossary term in the usual manner, but MMD will automatically identify each instance where the term is used and substitute it automatically.  In this case, the term is limited to a more basic character set which includes letters, numbers, periods, and hyphens, but not much else.  For more complex glossary terms, you must explicitly mark uses of the term.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="html-comments">HTML Comments</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Previously, HTML Comments were used by MultiMarkdown to include raw text for inclusion in the output file.  This was useful, but limited, as it could only work for one output format at a time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>HTML Comments are now only included in HTML output, but not in any other format since they would cause errors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Take a look at the <code>HTML Comments.text</code> file in the test suite for a better understanding of comment blocks vs comment spans, and how they are parsed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="internationalization">Internationalization</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MMD v6 includes support for substituting certain text phrases in other languages.  This only affects the HTML format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="latex-changes">LaTeX Changes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>LaTeX support is slightly different than in prior versions of MMD.  It is designed to be a bit more consistent, and easier for basic use.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The previous approach used two types of metadata:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p><code>latex input</code> – this uses the name of a latex file that will be used in a <code>\input{file}</code> command.  This key can be used multiple times (the only metadata key that worked this way), and all the basic metadata is written to the LaTeX file in order.</p></li><li><p><code>latex footer</code> – this file worked the same way as <code>latex input</code>, but was inserted at the end of the file</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In practice, one typically needs to be able to insert <code>\input</code> commands at only a few key places in the final document:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>At the very beginning</li><li>After metadata, and before the body of the document</li><li>After the body of the document</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MMD 6 standardizes the metadata to use 3 new keys:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><p><code>latex leader</code> – this specifies a file that will be used at the very beginning of the document.</p></li><li><p><code>latex begin</code> – this comes after metadata, and before the body of the document. This will usually include the <code>\begin{document}</code> command, hence the name.</p></li><li><p><code>latex footer</code> – this comes after the body of the document.</p></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use these 3 keys to replace the old <code>latex input</code> metadata keys, as long as you pay attention as to which is which.  If you used more than three include statements, you may have to combine your latex files to fit into the new system.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong><em>In addition</em></strong>, there is a new shortcut key – <code>latex config</code>.  This allows you to specify a “document name” that is used to automatically identify the corresponding <code>latex leader</code>, <code>latex begin</code>, and <code>latex footer</code> files.  For example, using <code>latex config: article</code> is the same as using:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>latex leader:   mmd6-article-leader
latex begin:    mmd6-article-begin
latex footer:   mmd6-article-footer</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Using the new system will require migrating your old configuration to the new naming convention, but once done I believe it should me much more intuitive to use.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The LaTeX support files included with the MMD v6 repository support the use of the following <code>latex config</code> values by default:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>article</code></li><li><code>beamer</code></li><li><code>letterhead</code></li><li><code>manuscript</code></li><li><code>memoir-book</code></li><li><code>tufte-book</code></li><li><code>tufte-handout</code></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: You do have to install the MMD support files into the proper location for your system.  I would like to make this easier, but haven’t found the best configuration yet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="metadata">Metadata</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Metadata in MMD v6 includes new support for LaTeX – the <code>latex config</code> key allows you to automatically setup of multiple <code>latex include</code> files at once. The default setups that I use would typically consist of one LaTeX file to be included at the top of the file, one to be included right at the beginning of the document, and one to be included at the end of the document.  If you want to specify the latex files separately, you can use <code>latex leader</code>, <code>latex begin</code>, and <code>latex footer</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are new metadata keys for controlling internationalization:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p><code>language</code> – specify the content language for a document, using the two letter code for the language (e.g. <code>en</code> for English).  Where possible, this will also set the default <code>quotes language</code>.</p></li><li><p><code>quotes language</code> – specify which variant of smart quotes to use.  Valid options are <code>dutch</code>, <code>french</code>, <code>german</code>, <code>germanguillemets</code>, <code>swedish</code>, <code>nl</code>, <code>fr</code>, <code>de</code>, <code>sv</code>.  Anything else defaults to English.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Additionally, the <code>MMD Header</code> and <code>MMD Footer</code> metadata work slightly differently.  In v5, these fields were used to list names of files that should be transcluded before and after the main body.  In v6, these fields represent the actual text to be inserted.  If you want them to reference separate files, use the transclusion functionality:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Title:  Some Title
MMD Header: This is *MMD* text.
MMD Footer: {{footer.txt}}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="output-formats">Output Formats</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MultiMarkdown 6 supports the following output formats, using the <code>-t</code> command-line argument:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>html</code> – (Default) create HTML 5</li><li><code>latex</code> – create <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX">LaTeX</a> for conversion to PDF using high quality typography</li><li><code>beamer</code> and <code>memoir</code> – two additional LaTeX variants for creating slide presentations and longer documents, respectively</li><li><code>mmd</code> – output the MMD text before converting to another format, but after performing transclusion.  This format is not generally needed.</li><li><code>odt</code> – OpenDocument text file, used by OpenOffice and compatible word processors.  Images are embedded inside the file package.</li><li><code>fodt</code> – OpenDocument text variant using a single text (XML) file instead of a compressed zip file.  Images are not embedded in this format.</li><li><code>epub</code> – EPUB 3 ebook format.  Images and CSS are embedded in the file package.</li><li><code>opml</code> – <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPML">OPML</a> is a standard file format used for a wide range of outlining programs.  This allows you to use a single file for editing MultiMarkdown text and for outlining longer documents.  <a href="https://multimarkdown.com/">MultiMarkdown Composer</a> can read/write the OPML format, making it easy to share documents with other programs.</li><li><code>itmz</code> – ITMZ is the file format used for the <a href="http://www.ithoughts.co.uk/">iThoughts</a> mind mapping software (macOS, iOS, Windows).  Much like OPML, this format allows you to use a single file for your outlining/brainstorming and final production.  <a href="https://multimarkdown.com/">MultiMarkdown Composer</a> can read/write this format as well, giving you additional flexibility.</li><li><code>bundle</code> – [TextBundle] format consisting of Markdown/MultiMarkdown text file and embedded images and CSS.  Useful for sharing Markdown files and images between applications (on any OS, but especially on iOS)</li><li><code>bundlezip</code> – TextPack variant of the TextBundle format – the file package is compressed to a single zip file (similar to EPUB and ODT formats).</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="raw-source">Raw Source</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In older versions of MultiMarkdown you could use an HTML comment to pass raw LaTeX or other content to the final document.  This worked reasonably well, but was limited and didn’t work well when exporting to multiple formats.  It was time for something new.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MMD v6 offers a new feature to handle this.  Code spans and code blocks can be flagged as representing raw source:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>foo `*bar*`{=html}

```{=latex}
*foo*
```</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The contents of the span/block will be passed through unchanged.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can specify which output format is compatible with the specified source:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><code>html</code></li><li><code>odt</code> – for ODT and FODT</li><li><code>epub</code></li><li><code>latex</code></li><li><code>*</code> – wildcard matches any output format</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of Contents</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By placing <code>{{TOC}}</code> in your document, you can insert an automatically generated Table of Contents in your document.  As of MMD v6, the native Table of Contents functionality is used when exporting to LaTeX or OpenDocument formats.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tables in MultiMarkdown-6 work basically the same as before, but a caption, if present, must come <em>after</em> the body of the table, not <em>before</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="transclusion">Transclusion</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>File transclusion works basically the same way – <code>{{file}}</code> is used to indicate a file that needs to be transcluded.  <code>{{file.*}}</code> allows for wildcard transclusion.  What’s different is that the way search paths are handled is more flexible, though it may take a moment to understand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When you process a file with MMD, it uses that file’s directory as the search path for included files. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:23.3766%"/><col style="width:37.6623%"/><col style="width:38.961%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Directory</th><th>Transcluded Filename</th><th>Resolved Path</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>/foo/bar/</code></td><td><code>bat</code></td><td><code>/foo/bar/bat</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>/foo/bar/</code></td><td><code>baz/bat</code></td><td><code>/foo/bar/baz/bat</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>/foo/bar/</code></td><td><code>../bat</code></td><td><code>/foo/bat</code></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is the same as MMD v 5.  What’s different is that when you transclude a file, the search path stays the same as the “parent” file, <strong>UNLESS</strong> you use the <code>transclude base</code> metadata to override it.  The simplest override is:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>transclude base: .</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This means that any transclusions within the file will be calculated relative to the file, regardless of the original search path.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alternatively you could specify that any transclusion happens inside a subfolder:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>transclude base: folder/</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Or you can specify an absolute path:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>transclude base: /some/path</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This flexibility means that you can transclude different files based on whether a file is being processed by itself or as part of a “parent” file. This can be useful when a particular file can either be a standalone document, or a chapter inside a larger document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="developer-notes">Developer Notes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you’re using MMD as a library in another application, there are a few things to be aware of.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="object-pools">Object Pools</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To improve performance, MMD has the option to allocate the memory for the tokens used in parsing in large chunks (“object pools”).  Allocating a single large chunk of memory is more efficient than allocating many smaller chunks. However, this does complicate memory management.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>By default <code>token.h</code> defines <code>kUseObjectPool</code> which enables this performance improvement.  This does require more caution with the way that memory is managed.  (See <code>main.c</code> for an example of how the object pool is allocated and drained.) I recommend disabling object pools unless you really understand C memory management, and understand MultiMarkdown’s program flow.  Failure to properly manage the object pool can lead to massive memory leaks, freeing memory that is still in use, or other potential problems.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="html-boolean-attributes">HTML Boolean Attributes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Most HTML attributes are of the key-value type (e.g. <code>key=&quot;value&quot;</code>).  But some less frequently used attributes are boolean attributes (e.g. <code>&lt;video controls&gt;</code>).  Properly distinguishing HTML from other uses of the <code>&lt;</code> character requires matching both types under certain circumstances.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are some trade-offs to be made:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Performance when compiling MultiMarkdown</li><li>Performance when processing parts of documents that are <em>not</em> HTML</li><li>Accuracy when matching HTML</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So far, there seem to be four main approaches:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Ignore boolean attributes – this is how MMD-6 started. This is fast, but not accurate for some users. Several users found issues with the <code>&lt;video&gt;</code> tag when MMD was used in HTML heavy documents.</p></li><li><p>Use regexp to match all boolean attributes. This is fast to compile, but adds roughly 5-8% processing time (probably due to false positive HTML matches). This <em>may</em> cause some text to be classified as HTML when it shouldn’t.</p></li><li><p>Explicitly match all possible boolean attributes – This would presumably be relatively fast when processing (due to the nature of re2c lexers), but it may be prohibitively slow to compile for some users.  As someone who compiles MMD frequently, it is too slow to compile for it to be usable by me during development.</p></li><li><p>Use a hand-curated list of boolean attributes that are most commonly used – this does not incur much of a performance hit when parsing, and compiles faster than the complete list of all boolean attributes.  For now, this is the option I have chosen as default for MMD – it seems to be a reasonable trade-off.  I will continue to research additional options.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="future-steps">Future Steps</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Some features I plan to implement at some point:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>{–OPML export support is not available in v6.  I plan on adding improved support for this at some point.  I was hoping to be able to re-use the existing v6 parser but it might be simpler to use the approach from v5 and earlier, which was to have a separate parser tuned to only identify headers and “stuff between headers”.–}{&gt;&gt;OPML read/write support implemented.&lt;&lt;}</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[?PEG]: Parsing Expression Grammar <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsing_expression_grammar">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsing_expression_grammar</a>
[?AST]: Abstract Syntax Tree <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>{{TOC}}</p>
<h1 id="introduction">Introduction</h1>
<p>Version: [%version]</p>
<p>This document serves as a description of MMD v6, as well as a sample document to demonstrate the various features.  Specifically, differences from MMD v5 will be pointed out.</p>
<h1 id="performance">Performance</h1>
<p>A big motivating factor leading to the development of MMD v6 was performance.  When MMD first migrated from Perl to C (based on <a href="https://github.com/jgm/peg-markdown">peg- markdown</a>), it was among the fastest Markdown parsers available.  That was many years ago, and the “competition” has made a great deal of progress since that time.</p>
<p>When developing MMD v6, one of my goals was to keep MMD at least in the ballpark of the fastest processors.  Of course, being <em>the</em> fastest would be fantastic, but I was more concerned with ensuring that the code was easily understood, and easily updated with new features in the future.</p>
<p>MMD v3 – v5 used a PEG to handle the parsing.  This made it easy to understand the relationship between the MMD grammar and the parsing code, since they were one and the same.  However, the parsing code generated by the parsers was not particularly fast, and was prone to troublesome edge cases with terrible performance characteristics.</p>
<p>The first step in MMD v6 parsing is to break the source text into a series of tokens, which may consist of plain text, whitespace, or special characters such as ‘*’, ‘[’, etc.  This chain of tokens is then used to perform the actual parsing.</p>
<p>MMD v6 divides the parsing into two separate phases, which actually fits more with Markdown’s design philosophically.</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Block parsing consists of identifying the “type” of each line of the source text, and grouping the lines into blocks (e.g. paragraphs, lists, blockquotes, etc.) Some blocks are a single line (e.g. ATX headers), and others can be many lines long.  The block parsing in MMD v6 is handled by a parser generated by <a href="http://www.hwaci.com/sw/lemon/">lemon</a>.  This parser allows the block structure to be more readily understood by non-programmers, but the generated parser is still fast.</p></li>
<li><p>Span parsing consists of identifying Markdown/MMD structures that occur inside of blocks, such as links, images, strong, emph, etc.  Most of these structures require matching pairs of tokens to specify where the span starts and where it ends.  Most of these spans allow arbitrary levels of nesting as well.  This made parsing them correctly in the PEG-based code difficult and slow.  MMD v6 uses a different approach that is accurate and has good performance characteristics even with edge cases.  Basically, it keeps a stack of each “opening” token as it steps through the token chain.  When a “closing” token is found, it is paired with the most recent appropriate opener on the stack.  Any tokens in between the opener and closer are removed, as they are not able to be matched any more.  To avoid unnecessary searches for non- existent openers, the parser keeps track of which opening tokens have been discovered.  This allows the parser to continue moving forwards without having to go backwards and re-parse any previously visited tokens.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The result of this redesigned MMD parser is that it can parse short documents more quickly than <a href="http://commonmark.org/">CommonMark</a>, and takes only 15% – 20% longer to parse long documents.  I have not delved too deeply into this, but I presume that CommonMark has a bit more “set-up” time that becomes expensive when parsing a short document (e.g. a paragraph or two). But this cost becomes negligible when parsing longer documents (e.g. file sizes of 1 MB).  So depending on your use case, CommonMark may well be faster than MMD, but we’re talking about splitting hairs here….  Recent comparisons show MMD v6 taking approximately 4.37 seconds to parse a 108 MB file (approximately 24.8 MB/second), and CommonMark took 3.72 seconds for the same file (29.2 MB/second).  For comparison, MMD v5.4 took approximately 94 second for the same file (1.15 MB/second).</p>
<p>For a more realistic file of approx 28 kb (the source of the Markdown Syntax web page), both MMD and CommonMark parse it too quickly to accurately measure.  In fact, it requires a file consisting of the original file copied 32 times over (0.85 MB) before <code>/usr/bin/env time</code> reports a time over the minimum threshold of 0.01 seconds for either program.</p>
<p>There is still potentially room for additional optimization in MMD. However, even if I can’t close the performance gap with CommonMark on longer files, the additional features of MMD compared with Markdown in addition to the increased legibility of the source code of MMD (in my biased opinion anyway) make this project worthwhile.</p>
<h1 id="parse-tree">Parse Tree</h1>
<p>MMD v6 performs its parsing in the following steps:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Start with a null-terminated string of source text (C style string)</p></li>
<li><p>Lex string into token chain</p></li>
<li><p>Parse token chain into blocks</p></li>
<li><p>Parse tokens within each block into span level structures (e.g. strong, emph, etc.)</p></li>
<li><p>Export the token tree into the desired output format (e.g. HTML, LaTeX, etc.) and return the resulting C style string</p>
<p><strong>OR</strong></p></li>
<li><p>Use the resulting token tree for your own purposes.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The token tree ([?AST]) includes starting offsets and length of each token, allowing you to use MMD as part of a syntax highlighter.  MMD v5 did not have this functionality in the public version, in part because the PEG parsers used did not provide reliable offset positions, requiring a great deal of effort when I adapted MMD for use in <a href="http://multimarkdown.com/">MultiMarkdown Composer</a>.</p>
<p>These steps are managed using the <code>mmd_engine</code> “object”.  An individual <code>mmd_engine</code> cannot be used by multiple threads simultaneously, so if libMultiMarkdown is to be used in a multithreaded program, a separate <code>mmd_engine</code> should be created for each thread.  Alternatively, just use the slightly more abstracted <code>mmd_convert_string()</code> function that handles creating and destroying the <code>mmd_engine</code> automatically.</p>
<h1 id="features">Features</h1>
<h2 id="abbreviations-or-acronyms">Abbreviations (Or Acronyms)</h2>
<p>This file includes the use of MMD as an abbreviation for MultiMarkdown. The abbreviation will be expanded on the first use, and the shortened form will be used on subsequent occurrences.</p>
<p>Abbreviations can be specified using inline or reference syntax.  The inline variant requires that the abbreviation be wrapped in parentheses and immediately follows the <code>&gt;</code>.</p>
<pre><code>[&gt;MMD] is an abbreviation.  So is [&gt;(MD) Markdown].

[&gt;MMD]: MultiMarkdown</code></pre>
<p>There is also a “shortcut” method for abbreviations that is similar to the approach used in prior versions of MMD.  You specify the definition for the abbreviation in the usual manner, but MMD will automatically identify each instance where the abbreviation is used and substitute it automatically.  In this case, the abbreviation is limited to a more basic character set which includes letters, numbers, periods, and hyphens, but not much else.  For more complex abbreviations, you must explicitly mark uses of the abbreviation.</p>
<h2 id="citations">Citations</h2>
<p>Citations can be specified using an inline syntax, just like inline footnotes. If you wish to use BibTeX, then configure the <code>bibtex</code> metadata (required) and the <code>biblio style</code> metadata (optional).</p>
<p>The HTML output for citations now uses parentheses instead of brackets, e.g. <code>(1)</code> instead of <code>[1]</code>.</p>
<h2 id="criticmarkup">CriticMarkup</h2>
<p>MMD v6 has improved support for <a href="http://criticmarkup.com/">CriticMarkup</a>, both in terms of parsing, and in terms of support for each output format.  You can {++insert text++}, {–delete text–}, substitute {~~one thing~&gt;for another~~}, {==highlight text==}, and {&gt;&gt;leave comments&lt;&lt;} in the text.</p>
<p>If you don’t specify any command line options, then MMD will apply special formatting to the CriticMarkup formatting as in the preceding paragraph. Alternatively, you can use the <code>-a\--accept</code> or <code>-r\--reject</code> options to cause MMD to accept or reject, respectively, the proposed changes within the CM markup.  When doing this, CM will work across blank lines.  Without either of these two options, then CriticMarkup that spans a blank line is not recognized as such.  I am working on options for this for the future.</p>
<h2 id="embedded-images">Embedded Images</h2>
<p>Supported export formats (<code>odt</code>, <code>epub</code>, <code>bundle</code>, <code>bundlezip</code>) include images inside the export document:</p>
<ul>
<li>Local images are embedded automatically</li>
<li>Images stored on remote servers are embedded <em>if</em> <a href="https://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/">libCurl</a> is properly installed when MMD is compiled.  This is true for macOS builds.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="emph-and-strong">Emph and Strong</h2>
<p>The basics of emphasis and strong emphasis are unchanged, but the parsing engine has been improved to be more accurate, particularly in various edge cases where proper parsing can be difficult.</p>
<h2 id="epub-3-support">EPUB 3 Support</h2>
<p>MMD v6 now provides support for direct creation of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPUB">EPUB 3</a> files.  Previously a separate tool was required to create EPUB files from MMD.  It’s now built-in.  Currently, EPUB 3 files are built using the usual HTML 5 output.  No extra CSS is applied, so the default from the reader will be used.  Images are not yet supported, but are planned for the future.</p>
<p>EPUB files can be highly customized with other tools, and I recommend doing that for production quality files.  For example, apparently performance is improved when the content is divided into multiple files (e.g. one file per chapter).  MMD creates EPUB 3 files using a single file.  Tools like <a href="https://sigil-ebook.com/">Sigil</a> are useful for improving your EPUB files, and I recommend doing that.</p>
<p>Not all EPUB readers support v3 files.  I don’t plan on adding support for older versions of the EPUB format, but other tools can convert to other document formats you need.  Same goes for Amazon’s ebook formats – the <a href="https://calibre-ebook.com/">Calibre</a> program can also be used to interconvert between formats.</p>
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: Because EPUB documents are binary files, MMD only creates them when run in batch mode (using the <code>-b\--batch</code> options).  Otherwise, it simply outputs the HTML 5 file that would serve as the primary content for the EPUB.</p>
<h2 id="fenced-code-blocks">Fenced Code Blocks</h2>
<p>Fenced code blocks are fundamentally the same as MMD v5, except:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>The leading and trailing fences can be 3, 4, or 5 backticks in length. That should be sufficient to account for complex documents without requiring a more complex parser.</p></li>
<li><p>If there is no trailing fence, then everything after the leading fence is considered to be part of the code block.</p></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h2>
<p>The HTML output for footnotes now uses superscripts instead of brackets, e.g. <code>&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;</code> instead of <code>[1]</code>.</p>
<h2 id="glossary-terms">Glossary Terms</h2>
<p>If there are terms in your document you wish to define in a [?(glossary) The glossary collects information about important terms used in your document] at the end of your document, you can define them using the glossary syntax.</p>
<p>Glossary terms can be specified using inline or reference syntax. The inline variant requires that the abbreviation be wrapped in parentheses and immediately follows the <code>?</code>.</p>
<pre><code>[?(glossary) The glossary collects information about important
terms used in your document] is a glossary term.

[?glossary] is also a glossary term.

[?glossary]: The glossary collects information about important
terms used in your document</code></pre>
<p>Much like abbreviations, there is also a “shortcut” method that is similar to the approach used in prior versions of MMD.  You specify the definition for the glossary term in the usual manner, but MMD will automatically identify each instance where the term is used and substitute it automatically.  In this case, the term is limited to a more basic character set which includes letters, numbers, periods, and hyphens, but not much else.  For more complex glossary terms, you must explicitly mark uses of the term.</p>
<h2 id="html-comments">HTML Comments</h2>
<p>Previously, HTML Comments were used by MultiMarkdown to include raw text for inclusion in the output file.  This was useful, but limited, as it could only work for one output format at a time.</p>
<p>HTML Comments are now only included in HTML output, but not in any other format since they would cause errors.</p>
<p>Take a look at the <code>HTML Comments.text</code> file in the test suite for a better understanding of comment blocks vs comment spans, and how they are parsed.</p>
<h2 id="internationalization">Internationalization</h2>
<p>MMD v6 includes support for substituting certain text phrases in other languages.  This only affects the HTML format.</p>
<h2 id="latex-changes">LaTeX Changes</h2>
<p>LaTeX support is slightly different than in prior versions of MMD.  It is designed to be a bit more consistent, and easier for basic use.</p>
<p>The previous approach used two types of metadata:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><code>latex input</code> – this uses the name of a latex file that will be used in a <code>\input{file}</code> command.  This key can be used multiple times (the only metadata key that worked this way), and all the basic metadata is written to the LaTeX file in order.</p></li>
<li><p><code>latex footer</code> – this file worked the same way as <code>latex input</code>, but was inserted at the end of the file</p></li>
</ul>
<p>In practice, one typically needs to be able to insert <code>\input</code> commands at only a few key places in the final document:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>At the very beginning</li>
<li>After metadata, and before the body of the document</li>
<li>After the body of the document</li>
</ol>
<p>MMD 6 standardizes the metadata to use 3 new keys:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p><code>latex leader</code> – this specifies a file that will be used at the very beginning of the document.</p></li>
<li><p><code>latex begin</code> – this comes after metadata, and before the body of the document. This will usually include the <code>\begin{document}</code> command, hence the name.</p></li>
<li><p><code>latex footer</code> – this comes after the body of the document.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>You can use these 3 keys to replace the old <code>latex input</code> metadata keys, as long as you pay attention as to which is which.  If you used more than three include statements, you may have to combine your latex files to fit into the new system.</p>
<p><strong><em>In addition</em></strong>, there is a new shortcut key – <code>latex config</code>.  This allows you to specify a “document name” that is used to automatically identify the corresponding <code>latex leader</code>, <code>latex begin</code>, and <code>latex footer</code> files.  For example, using <code>latex config: article</code> is the same as using:</p>
<pre><code>latex leader:   mmd6-article-leader
latex begin:    mmd6-article-begin
latex footer:   mmd6-article-footer</code></pre>
<p>Using the new system will require migrating your old configuration to the new naming convention, but once done I believe it should me much more intuitive to use.</p>
<p>The LaTeX support files included with the MMD v6 repository support the use of the following <code>latex config</code> values by default:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>article</code></li>
<li><code>beamer</code></li>
<li><code>letterhead</code></li>
<li><code>manuscript</code></li>
<li><code>memoir-book</code></li>
<li><code>tufte-book</code></li>
<li><code>tufte-handout</code></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: You do have to install the MMD support files into the proper location for your system.  I would like to make this easier, but haven’t found the best configuration yet.</p>
<h2 id="metadata">Metadata</h2>
<p>Metadata in MMD v6 includes new support for LaTeX – the <code>latex config</code> key allows you to automatically setup of multiple <code>latex include</code> files at once. The default setups that I use would typically consist of one LaTeX file to be included at the top of the file, one to be included right at the beginning of the document, and one to be included at the end of the document.  If you want to specify the latex files separately, you can use <code>latex leader</code>, <code>latex begin</code>, and <code>latex footer</code>.</p>
<p>There are new metadata keys for controlling internationalization:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><code>language</code> – specify the content language for a document, using the two letter code for the language (e.g. <code>en</code> for English).  Where possible, this will also set the default <code>quotes language</code>.</p></li>
<li><p><code>quotes language</code> – specify which variant of smart quotes to use.  Valid options are <code>dutch</code>, <code>french</code>, <code>german</code>, <code>germanguillemets</code>, <code>swedish</code>, <code>nl</code>, <code>fr</code>, <code>de</code>, <code>sv</code>.  Anything else defaults to English.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Additionally, the <code>MMD Header</code> and <code>MMD Footer</code> metadata work slightly differently.  In v5, these fields were used to list names of files that should be transcluded before and after the main body.  In v6, these fields represent the actual text to be inserted.  If you want them to reference separate files, use the transclusion functionality:</p>
<pre><code>Title:  Some Title
MMD Header: This is *MMD* text.
MMD Footer: {{footer.txt}}</code></pre>
<h2 id="output-formats">Output Formats</h2>
<p>MultiMarkdown 6 supports the following output formats, using the <code>-t</code> command-line argument:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>html</code> – (Default) create HTML 5</li>
<li><code>latex</code> – create <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX">LaTeX</a> for conversion to PDF using high quality typography</li>
<li><code>beamer</code> and <code>memoir</code> – two additional LaTeX variants for creating slide presentations and longer documents, respectively</li>
<li><code>mmd</code> – output the MMD text before converting to another format, but after performing transclusion.  This format is not generally needed.</li>
<li><code>odt</code> – OpenDocument text file, used by OpenOffice and compatible word processors.  Images are embedded inside the file package.</li>
<li><code>fodt</code> – OpenDocument text variant using a single text (XML) file instead of a compressed zip file.  Images are not embedded in this format.</li>
<li><code>epub</code> – EPUB 3 ebook format.  Images and CSS are embedded in the file package.</li>
<li><code>opml</code> – <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPML">OPML</a> is a standard file format used for a wide range of outlining programs.  This allows you to use a single file for editing MultiMarkdown text and for outlining longer documents.  <a href="https://multimarkdown.com/">MultiMarkdown Composer</a> can read/write the OPML format, making it easy to share documents with other programs.</li>
<li><code>itmz</code> – ITMZ is the file format used for the <a href="http://www.ithoughts.co.uk/">iThoughts</a> mind mapping software (macOS, iOS, Windows).  Much like OPML, this format allows you to use a single file for your outlining/brainstorming and final production.  <a href="https://multimarkdown.com/">MultiMarkdown Composer</a> can read/write this format as well, giving you additional flexibility.</li>
<li><code>bundle</code> – [TextBundle] format consisting of Markdown/MultiMarkdown text file and embedded images and CSS.  Useful for sharing Markdown files and images between applications (on any OS, but especially on iOS)</li>
<li><code>bundlezip</code> – TextPack variant of the TextBundle format – the file package is compressed to a single zip file (similar to EPUB and ODT formats).</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="raw-source">Raw Source</h2>
<p>In older versions of MultiMarkdown you could use an HTML comment to pass raw LaTeX or other content to the final document.  This worked reasonably well, but was limited and didn’t work well when exporting to multiple formats.  It was time for something new.</p>
<p>MMD v6 offers a new feature to handle this.  Code spans and code blocks can be flagged as representing raw source:</p>
<pre><code>foo `*bar*`{=html}

```{=latex}
*foo*
```</code></pre>
<p>The contents of the span/block will be passed through unchanged.</p>
<p>You can specify which output format is compatible with the specified source:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>html</code></li>
<li><code>odt</code> – for ODT and FODT</li>
<li><code>epub</code></li>
<li><code>latex</code></li>
<li><code>*</code> – wildcard matches any output format</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of Contents</h2>
<p>By placing <code>{{TOC}}</code> in your document, you can insert an automatically generated Table of Contents in your document.  As of MMD v6, the native Table of Contents functionality is used when exporting to LaTeX or OpenDocument formats.</p>
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<p>Tables in MultiMarkdown-6 work basically the same as before, but a caption, if present, must come <em>after</em> the body of the table, not <em>before</em>.</p>
<h2 id="transclusion">Transclusion</h2>
<p>File transclusion works basically the same way – <code>{{file}}</code> is used to indicate a file that needs to be transcluded.  <code>{{file.*}}</code> allows for wildcard transclusion.  What’s different is that the way search paths are handled is more flexible, though it may take a moment to understand.</p>
<p>When you process a file with MMD, it uses that file’s directory as the search path for included files. For example:</p>
<table>
<colgroup><col style="width: 23%" /><col style="width: 37%" /><col style="width: 38%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th>Directory</th><th>Transcluded Filename</th><th>Resolved Path</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><code>/foo/bar/</code></td><td><code>bat</code></td><td><code>/foo/bar/bat</code></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>/foo/bar/</code></td><td><code>baz/bat</code></td><td><code>/foo/bar/baz/bat</code></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>/foo/bar/</code></td><td><code>../bat</code></td><td><code>/foo/bat</code></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>This is the same as MMD v 5.  What’s different is that when you transclude a file, the search path stays the same as the “parent” file, <strong>UNLESS</strong> you use the <code>transclude base</code> metadata to override it.  The simplest override is:</p>
<pre><code>transclude base: .</code></pre>
<p>This means that any transclusions within the file will be calculated relative to the file, regardless of the original search path.</p>
<p>Alternatively you could specify that any transclusion happens inside a subfolder:</p>
<pre><code>transclude base: folder/</code></pre>
<p>Or you can specify an absolute path:</p>
<pre><code>transclude base: /some/path</code></pre>
<p>This flexibility means that you can transclude different files based on whether a file is being processed by itself or as part of a “parent” file. This can be useful when a particular file can either be a standalone document, or a chapter inside a larger document.</p>
<h1 id="developer-notes">Developer Notes</h1>
<p>If you’re using MMD as a library in another application, there are a few things to be aware of.</p>
<h2 id="object-pools">Object Pools</h2>
<p>To improve performance, MMD has the option to allocate the memory for the tokens used in parsing in large chunks (“object pools”).  Allocating a single large chunk of memory is more efficient than allocating many smaller chunks. However, this does complicate memory management.</p>
<p>By default <code>token.h</code> defines <code>kUseObjectPool</code> which enables this performance improvement.  This does require more caution with the way that memory is managed.  (See <code>main.c</code> for an example of how the object pool is allocated and drained.) I recommend disabling object pools unless you really understand C memory management, and understand MultiMarkdown’s program flow.  Failure to properly manage the object pool can lead to massive memory leaks, freeing memory that is still in use, or other potential problems.</p>
<h2 id="html-boolean-attributes">HTML Boolean Attributes</h2>
<p>Most HTML attributes are of the key-value type (e.g. <code>key=&quot;value&quot;</code>).  But some less frequently used attributes are boolean attributes (e.g. <code>&lt;video controls&gt;</code>).  Properly distinguishing HTML from other uses of the <code>&lt;</code> character requires matching both types under certain circumstances.</p>
<p>There are some trade-offs to be made:</p>
<ul>
<li>Performance when compiling MultiMarkdown</li>
<li>Performance when processing parts of documents that are <em>not</em> HTML</li>
<li>Accuracy when matching HTML</li>
</ul>
<p>So far, there seem to be four main approaches:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Ignore boolean attributes – this is how MMD-6 started. This is fast, but not accurate for some users. Several users found issues with the <code>&lt;video&gt;</code> tag when MMD was used in HTML heavy documents.</p></li>
<li><p>Use regexp to match all boolean attributes. This is fast to compile, but adds roughly 5-8% processing time (probably due to false positive HTML matches). This <em>may</em> cause some text to be classified as HTML when it shouldn’t.</p></li>
<li><p>Explicitly match all possible boolean attributes – This would presumably be relatively fast when processing (due to the nature of re2c lexers), but it may be prohibitively slow to compile for some users.  As someone who compiles MMD frequently, it is too slow to compile for it to be usable by me during development.</p></li>
<li><p>Use a hand-curated list of boolean attributes that are most commonly used – this does not incur much of a performance hit when parsing, and compiles faster than the complete list of all boolean attributes.  For now, this is the option I have chosen as default for MMD – it seems to be a reasonable trade-off.  I will continue to research additional options.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 id="future-steps">Future Steps</h1>
<p>Some features I plan to implement at some point:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>{–OPML export support is not available in v6.  I plan on adding improved support for this at some point.  I was hoping to be able to re-use the existing v6 parser but it might be simpler to use the approach from v5 and earlier, which was to have a separate parser tuned to only identify headers and “stuff between headers”.–}{&gt;&gt;OPML read/write support implemented.&lt;&lt;}</li>
</ol>
<p>[?PEG]: Parsing Expression Grammar <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsing_expression_grammar" class="uri">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsing_expression_grammar</a> [?AST]: Abstract Syntax Tree <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree" class="uri">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree</a></p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>{{TOC}}</p>
<h1 id="introduction">Introduction</h1>
<p>Version: [%version]</p>
<p>This document serves as a description of MMD v6, as well as a sample
document to demonstrate the various features. Specifically, differences
from MMD v5 will be pointed out.</p>
<h1 id="performance">Performance</h1>
<p>A big motivating factor leading to the development of MMD v6 was
performance. When MMD first migrated from Perl to C (based on <a
href="https://github.com/jgm/peg-markdown">peg- markdown</a>), it was
among the fastest Markdown parsers available. That was many years ago,
and the "competition" has made a great deal of progress since that
time.</p>
<p>When developing MMD v6, one of my goals was to keep MMD at least in
the ballpark of the fastest processors. Of course, being <em>the</em>
fastest would be fantastic, but I was more concerned with ensuring that
the code was easily understood, and easily updated with new features in
the future.</p>
<p>MMD v3 -- v5 used a PEG to handle the parsing. This made it easy to
understand the relationship between the MMD grammar and the parsing
code, since they were one and the same. However, the parsing code
generated by the parsers was not particularly fast, and was prone to
troublesome edge cases with terrible performance characteristics.</p>
<p>The first step in MMD v6 parsing is to break the source text into a
series of tokens, which may consist of plain text, whitespace, or
special characters such as '*', '[', etc. This chain of tokens is then
used to perform the actual parsing.</p>
<p>MMD v6 divides the parsing into two separate phases, which actually
fits more with Markdown's design philosophically.</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Block parsing consists of identifying the "type" of each line of
the source text, and grouping the lines into blocks (e.g. paragraphs,
lists, blockquotes, etc.) Some blocks are a single line (e.g. ATX
headers), and others can be many lines long. The block parsing in MMD v6
is handled by a parser generated by <a
href="http://www.hwaci.com/sw/lemon/">lemon</a>. This parser allows the
block structure to be more readily understood by non-programmers, but
the generated parser is still fast.</p></li>
<li><p>Span parsing consists of identifying Markdown/MMD structures that
occur inside of blocks, such as links, images, strong, emph, etc. Most
of these structures require matching pairs of tokens to specify where
the span starts and where it ends. Most of these spans allow arbitrary
levels of nesting as well. This made parsing them correctly in the
PEG-based code difficult and slow. MMD v6 uses a different approach that
is accurate and has good performance characteristics even with edge
cases. Basically, it keeps a stack of each "opening" token as it steps
through the token chain. When a "closing" token is found, it is paired
with the most recent appropriate opener on the stack. Any tokens in
between the opener and closer are removed, as they are not able to be
matched any more. To avoid unnecessary searches for non- existent
openers, the parser keeps track of which opening tokens have been
discovered. This allows the parser to continue moving forwards without
having to go backwards and re-parse any previously visited
tokens.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The result of this redesigned MMD parser is that it can parse short
documents more quickly than <a
href="http://commonmark.org/">CommonMark</a>, and takes only 15% -- 20%
longer to parse long documents. I have not delved too deeply into this,
but I presume that CommonMark has a bit more "set-up" time that becomes
expensive when parsing a short document (e.g. a paragraph or two). But
this cost becomes negligible when parsing longer documents (e.g. file
sizes of 1 MB). So depending on your use case, CommonMark may well be
faster than MMD, but we're talking about splitting hairs here.... Recent
comparisons show MMD v6 taking approximately 4.37 seconds to parse a 108
MB file (approximately 24.8 MB/second), and CommonMark took 3.72 seconds
for the same file (29.2 MB/second). For comparison, MMD v5.4 took
approximately 94 second for the same file (1.15 MB/second).</p>
<p>For a more realistic file of approx 28 kb (the source of the Markdown
Syntax web page), both MMD and CommonMark parse it too quickly to
accurately measure. In fact, it requires a file consisting of the
original file copied 32 times over (0.85 MB) before
<code>/usr/bin/env time</code> reports a time over the minimum threshold
of 0.01 seconds for either program.</p>
<p>There is still potentially room for additional optimization in MMD.
However, even if I can't close the performance gap with CommonMark on
longer files, the additional features of MMD compared with Markdown in
addition to the increased legibility of the source code of MMD (in my
biased opinion anyway) make this project worthwhile.</p>
<h1 id="parse-tree">Parse Tree</h1>
<p>MMD v6 performs its parsing in the following steps:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Start with a null-terminated string of source text (C style
string)</p></li>
<li><p>Lex string into token chain</p></li>
<li><p>Parse token chain into blocks</p></li>
<li><p>Parse tokens within each block into span level structures (e.g.
strong, emph, etc.)</p></li>
<li><p>Export the token tree into the desired output format (e.g. HTML,
LaTeX, etc.) and return the resulting C style string</p>
<p><strong>OR</strong></p></li>
<li><p>Use the resulting token tree for your own purposes.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The token tree (<a
href="Abstract%20Syntax%20Tree%20%3Chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree%3E">?AST</a>)
includes starting offsets and length of each token, allowing you to use
MMD as part of a syntax highlighter. MMD v5 did not have this
functionality in the public version, in part because the PEG parsers
used did not provide reliable offset positions, requiring a great deal
of effort when I adapted MMD for use in <a
href="http://multimarkdown.com/">MultiMarkdown Composer</a>.</p>
<p>These steps are managed using the <code>mmd_engine</code> "object".
An individual <code>mmd_engine</code> cannot be used by multiple threads
simultaneously, so if libMultiMarkdown is to be used in a multithreaded
program, a separate <code>mmd_engine</code> should be created for each
thread. Alternatively, just use the slightly more abstracted
<code>mmd_convert_string()</code> function that handles creating and
destroying the <code>mmd_engine</code> automatically.</p>
<h1 id="features">Features</h1>
<h2 id="abbreviations-or-acronyms">Abbreviations (Or Acronyms)</h2>
<p>This file includes the use of MMD as an abbreviation for
MultiMarkdown. The abbreviation will be expanded on the first use, and
the shortened form will be used on subsequent occurrences.</p>
<p>Abbreviations can be specified using inline or reference syntax. The
inline variant requires that the abbreviation be wrapped in parentheses
and immediately follows the <code>&gt;</code>.</p>
<pre><code>[&gt;MMD] is an abbreviation.  So is [&gt;(MD) Markdown].

[&gt;MMD]: MultiMarkdown</code></pre>
<p>There is also a "shortcut" method for abbreviations that is similar
to the approach used in prior versions of MMD. You specify the
definition for the abbreviation in the usual manner, but MMD will
automatically identify each instance where the abbreviation is used and
substitute it automatically. In this case, the abbreviation is limited
to a more basic character set which includes letters, numbers, periods,
and hyphens, but not much else. For more complex abbreviations, you must
explicitly mark uses of the abbreviation.</p>
<h2 id="citations">Citations</h2>
<p>Citations can be specified using an inline syntax, just like inline
footnotes. If you wish to use BibTeX, then configure the
<code>bibtex</code> metadata (required) and the
<code>biblio style</code> metadata (optional).</p>
<p>The HTML output for citations now uses parentheses instead of
brackets, e.g. <code>(1)</code> instead of <code>[1]</code>.</p>
<h2 id="criticmarkup">CriticMarkup</h2>
<p>MMD v6 has improved support for <a
href="http://criticmarkup.com/">CriticMarkup</a>, both in terms of
parsing, and in terms of support for each output format. You can
{++insert text++}, {--delete text--}, substitute {<sub></sub>one
thing~&gt;for another<sub></sub>}, {==highlight text==}, and
{&gt;&gt;leave comments&lt;&lt;} in the text.</p>
<p>If you don't specify any command line options, then MMD will apply
special formatting to the CriticMarkup formatting as in the preceding
paragraph. Alternatively, you can use the <code>-a\--accept</code> or
<code>-r\--reject</code> options to cause MMD to accept or reject,
respectively, the proposed changes within the CM markup. When doing
this, CM will work across blank lines. Without either of these two
options, then CriticMarkup that spans a blank line is not recognized as
such. I am working on options for this for the future.</p>
<h2 id="embedded-images">Embedded Images</h2>
<p>Supported export formats (<code>odt</code>, <code>epub</code>,
<code>bundle</code>, <code>bundlezip</code>) include images inside the
export document:</p>
<ul>
<li>Local images are embedded automatically</li>
<li>Images stored on remote servers are embedded <em>if</em> <a
href="https://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/">libCurl</a> is properly installed
when MMD is compiled. This is true for macOS builds.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="emph-and-strong">Emph and Strong</h2>
<p>The basics of emphasis and strong emphasis are unchanged, but the
parsing engine has been improved to be more accurate, particularly in
various edge cases where proper parsing can be difficult.</p>
<h2 id="epub-3-support">EPUB 3 Support</h2>
<p>MMD v6 now provides support for direct creation of <a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPUB">EPUB 3</a> files. Previously a
separate tool was required to create EPUB files from MMD. It's now
built-in. Currently, EPUB 3 files are built using the usual HTML 5
output. No extra CSS is applied, so the default from the reader will be
used. Images are not yet supported, but are planned for the future.</p>
<p>EPUB files can be highly customized with other tools, and I recommend
doing that for production quality files. For example, apparently
performance is improved when the content is divided into multiple files
(e.g. one file per chapter). MMD creates EPUB 3 files using a single
file. Tools like <a href="https://sigil-ebook.com/">Sigil</a> are useful
for improving your EPUB files, and I recommend doing that.</p>
<p>Not all EPUB readers support v3 files. I don't plan on adding support
for older versions of the EPUB format, but other tools can convert to
other document formats you need. Same goes for Amazon's ebook formats --
the <a href="https://calibre-ebook.com/">Calibre</a> program can also be
used to interconvert between formats.</p>
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: Because EPUB documents are binary files, MMD
only creates them when run in batch mode (using the
<code>-b\--batch</code> options). Otherwise, it simply outputs the HTML
5 file that would serve as the primary content for the EPUB.</p>
<h2 id="fenced-code-blocks">Fenced Code Blocks</h2>
<p>Fenced code blocks are fundamentally the same as MMD v5, except:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>The leading and trailing fences can be 3, 4, or 5 backticks in
length. That should be sufficient to account for complex documents
without requiring a more complex parser.</p></li>
<li><p>If there is no trailing fence, then everything after the leading
fence is considered to be part of the code block.</p></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h2>
<p>The HTML output for footnotes now uses superscripts instead of
brackets, e.g. <code>&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;</code> instead of
<code>[1]</code>.</p>
<h2 id="glossary-terms">Glossary Terms</h2>
<p>If there are terms in your document you wish to define in a
[?(glossary) The glossary collects information about important terms
used in your document] at the end of your document, you can define them
using the glossary syntax.</p>
<p>Glossary terms can be specified using inline or reference syntax. The
inline variant requires that the abbreviation be wrapped in parentheses
and immediately follows the <code>?</code>.</p>
<pre><code>[?(glossary) The glossary collects information about important
terms used in your document] is a glossary term.

[?glossary] is also a glossary term.

[?glossary]: The glossary collects information about important
terms used in your document</code></pre>
<p>Much like abbreviations, there is also a "shortcut" method that is
similar to the approach used in prior versions of MMD. You specify the
definition for the glossary term in the usual manner, but MMD will
automatically identify each instance where the term is used and
substitute it automatically. In this case, the term is limited to a more
basic character set which includes letters, numbers, periods, and
hyphens, but not much else. For more complex glossary terms, you must
explicitly mark uses of the term.</p>
<h2 id="html-comments">HTML Comments</h2>
<p>Previously, HTML Comments were used by MultiMarkdown to include raw
text for inclusion in the output file. This was useful, but limited, as
it could only work for one output format at a time.</p>
<p>HTML Comments are now only included in HTML output, but not in any
other format since they would cause errors.</p>
<p>Take a look at the <code>HTML Comments.text</code> file in the test
suite for a better understanding of comment blocks vs comment spans, and
how they are parsed.</p>
<h2 id="internationalization">Internationalization</h2>
<p>MMD v6 includes support for substituting certain text phrases in
other languages. This only affects the HTML format.</p>
<h2 id="latex-changes">LaTeX Changes</h2>
<p>LaTeX support is slightly different than in prior versions of MMD. It
is designed to be a bit more consistent, and easier for basic use.</p>
<p>The previous approach used two types of metadata:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><code>latex input</code> -- this uses the name of a latex file
that will be used in a <code>\input{file}</code> command. This key can
be used multiple times (the only metadata key that worked this way), and
all the basic metadata is written to the LaTeX file in order.</p></li>
<li><p><code>latex footer</code> -- this file worked the same way as
<code>latex input</code>, but was inserted at the end of the
file</p></li>
</ul>
<p>In practice, one typically needs to be able to insert
<code>\input</code> commands at only a few key places in the final
document:</p>
<ol>
<li>At the very beginning</li>
<li>After metadata, and before the body of the document</li>
<li>After the body of the document</li>
</ol>
<p>MMD 6 standardizes the metadata to use 3 new keys:</p>
<ol>
<li><p><code>latex leader</code> -- this specifies a file that will be
used at the very beginning of the document.</p></li>
<li><p><code>latex begin</code> -- this comes after metadata, and before
the body of the document. This will usually include the
<code>\begin{document}</code> command, hence the name.</p></li>
<li><p><code>latex footer</code> -- this comes after the body of the
document.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>You can use these 3 keys to replace the old <code>latex input</code>
metadata keys, as long as you pay attention as to which is which. If you
used more than three include statements, you may have to combine your
latex files to fit into the new system.</p>
<p><strong><em>In addition</em></strong>, there is a new shortcut key --
<code>latex config</code>. This allows you to specify a "document name"
that is used to automatically identify the corresponding
<code>latex leader</code>, <code>latex begin</code>, and
<code>latex footer</code> files. For example, using
<code>latex config: article</code> is the same as using:</p>
<pre><code>latex leader:   mmd6-article-leader
latex begin:    mmd6-article-begin
latex footer:   mmd6-article-footer</code></pre>
<p>Using the new system will require migrating your old configuration to
the new naming convention, but once done I believe it should me much
more intuitive to use.</p>
<p>The LaTeX support files included with the MMD v6 repository support
the use of the following <code>latex config</code> values by
default:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>article</code></li>
<li><code>beamer</code></li>
<li><code>letterhead</code></li>
<li><code>manuscript</code></li>
<li><code>memoir-book</code></li>
<li><code>tufte-book</code></li>
<li><code>tufte-handout</code></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: You do have to install the MMD support files
into the proper location for your system. I would like to make this
easier, but haven't found the best configuration yet.</p>
<h2 id="metadata">Metadata</h2>
<p>Metadata in MMD v6 includes new support for LaTeX -- the
<code>latex config</code> key allows you to automatically setup of
multiple <code>latex include</code> files at once. The default setups
that I use would typically consist of one LaTeX file to be included at
the top of the file, one to be included right at the beginning of the
document, and one to be included at the end of the document. If you want
to specify the latex files separately, you can use
<code>latex leader</code>, <code>latex begin</code>, and
<code>latex footer</code>.</p>
<p>There are new metadata keys for controlling internationalization:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><code>language</code> -- specify the content language for a
document, using the two letter code for the language (e.g.
<code>en</code> for English). Where possible, this will also set the
default <code>quotes language</code>.</p></li>
<li><p><code>quotes language</code> -- specify which variant of smart
quotes to use. Valid options are <code>dutch</code>,
<code>french</code>, <code>german</code>, <code>germanguillemets</code>,
<code>swedish</code>, <code>nl</code>, <code>fr</code>, <code>de</code>,
<code>sv</code>. Anything else defaults to English.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Additionally, the <code>MMD Header</code> and <code>MMD Footer</code>
metadata work slightly differently. In v5, these fields were used to
list names of files that should be transcluded before and after the main
body. In v6, these fields represent the actual text to be inserted. If
you want them to reference separate files, use the transclusion
functionality:</p>
<pre><code>Title:  Some Title
MMD Header: This is *MMD* text.
MMD Footer: {{footer.txt}}</code></pre>
<h2 id="output-formats">Output Formats</h2>
<p>MultiMarkdown 6 supports the following output formats, using the
<code>-t</code> command-line argument:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>html</code> -- (Default) create HTML 5</li>
<li><code>latex</code> -- create <a
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX">LaTeX</a> for conversion to
PDF using high quality typography</li>
<li><code>beamer</code> and <code>memoir</code> -- two additional LaTeX
variants for creating slide presentations and longer documents,
respectively</li>
<li><code>mmd</code> -- output the MMD text before converting to another
format, but after performing transclusion. This format is not generally
needed.</li>
<li><code>odt</code> -- OpenDocument text file, used by OpenOffice and
compatible word processors. Images are embedded inside the file
package.</li>
<li><code>fodt</code> -- OpenDocument text variant using a single text
(XML) file instead of a compressed zip file. Images are not embedded in
this format.</li>
<li><code>epub</code> -- EPUB 3 ebook format. Images and CSS are
embedded in the file package.</li>
<li><code>opml</code> -- <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPML">OPML</a> is a standard file
format used for a wide range of outlining programs. This allows you to
use a single file for editing MultiMarkdown text and for outlining
longer documents. <a href="https://multimarkdown.com/">MultiMarkdown
Composer</a> can read/write the OPML format, making it easy to share
documents with other programs.</li>
<li><code>itmz</code> -- ITMZ is the file format used for the <a
href="http://www.ithoughts.co.uk/">iThoughts</a> mind mapping software
(macOS, iOS, Windows). Much like OPML, this format allows you to use a
single file for your outlining/brainstorming and final production. <a
href="https://multimarkdown.com/">MultiMarkdown Composer</a> can
read/write this format as well, giving you additional flexibility.</li>
<li><code>bundle</code> -- [TextBundle] format consisting of
Markdown/MultiMarkdown text file and embedded images and CSS. Useful for
sharing Markdown files and images between applications (on any OS, but
especially on iOS)</li>
<li><code>bundlezip</code> -- TextPack variant of the TextBundle format
-- the file package is compressed to a single zip file (similar to EPUB
and ODT formats).</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="raw-source">Raw Source</h2>
<p>In older versions of MultiMarkdown you could use an HTML comment to
pass raw LaTeX or other content to the final document. This worked
reasonably well, but was limited and didn't work well when exporting to
multiple formats. It was time for something new.</p>
<p>MMD v6 offers a new feature to handle this. Code spans and code
blocks can be flagged as representing raw source:</p>
<pre><code>foo `*bar*`{=html}

```{=latex}
*foo*
```</code></pre>
<p>The contents of the span/block will be passed through unchanged.</p>
<p>You can specify which output format is compatible with the specified
source:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>html</code></li>
<li><code>odt</code> -- for ODT and FODT</li>
<li><code>epub</code></li>
<li><code>latex</code></li>
<li><code>*</code> -- wildcard matches any output format</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of Contents</h2>
<p>By placing <code>{{TOC}}</code> in your document, you can insert an
automatically generated Table of Contents in your document. As of MMD
v6, the native Table of Contents functionality is used when exporting to
LaTeX or OpenDocument formats.</p>
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<p>Tables in MultiMarkdown-6 work basically the same as before, but a
caption, if present, must come <em>after</em> the body of the table, not
<em>before</em>.</p>
<h2 id="transclusion">Transclusion</h2>
<p>File transclusion works basically the same way --
<code>{{file}}</code> is used to indicate a file that needs to be
transcluded. <code>{{file.*}}</code> allows for wildcard transclusion.
What's different is that the way search paths are handled is more
flexible, though it may take a moment to understand.</p>
<p>When you process a file with MMD, it uses that file's directory as
the search path for included files. For example:</p>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 23%" />
<col style="width: 37%" />
<col style="width: 38%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Directory</th>
<th>Transcluded Filename</th>
<th>Resolved Path</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>/foo/bar/</code></td>
<td><code>bat</code></td>
<td><code>/foo/bar/bat</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>/foo/bar/</code></td>
<td><code>baz/bat</code></td>
<td><code>/foo/bar/baz/bat</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>/foo/bar/</code></td>
<td><code>../bat</code></td>
<td><code>/foo/bat</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>This is the same as MMD v 5. What's different is that when you
transclude a file, the search path stays the same as the "parent" file,
<strong>UNLESS</strong> you use the <code>transclude base</code>
metadata to override it. The simplest override is:</p>
<pre><code>transclude base: .</code></pre>
<p>This means that any transclusions within the file will be calculated
relative to the file, regardless of the original search path.</p>
<p>Alternatively you could specify that any transclusion happens inside
a subfolder:</p>
<pre><code>transclude base: folder/</code></pre>
<p>Or you can specify an absolute path:</p>
<pre><code>transclude base: /some/path</code></pre>
<p>This flexibility means that you can transclude different files based
on whether a file is being processed by itself or as part of a "parent"
file. This can be useful when a particular file can either be a
standalone document, or a chapter inside a larger document.</p>
<h1 id="developer-notes">Developer Notes</h1>
<p>If you're using MMD as a library in another application, there are a
few things to be aware of.</p>
<h2 id="object-pools">Object Pools</h2>
<p>To improve performance, MMD has the option to allocate the memory for
the tokens used in parsing in large chunks ("object pools"). Allocating
a single large chunk of memory is more efficient than allocating many
smaller chunks. However, this does complicate memory management.</p>
<p>By default <code>token.h</code> defines <code>kUseObjectPool</code>
which enables this performance improvement. This does require more
caution with the way that memory is managed. (See <code>main.c</code>
for an example of how the object pool is allocated and drained.) I
recommend disabling object pools unless you really understand C memory
management, and understand MultiMarkdown's program flow. Failure to
properly manage the object pool can lead to massive memory leaks,
freeing memory that is still in use, or other potential problems.</p>
<h2 id="html-boolean-attributes">HTML Boolean Attributes</h2>
<p>Most HTML attributes are of the key-value type (e.g.
<code>key="value"</code>). But some less frequently used attributes are
boolean attributes (e.g. <code>&lt;video controls&gt;</code>). Properly
distinguishing HTML from other uses of the <code>&lt;</code> character
requires matching both types under certain circumstances.</p>
<p>There are some trade-offs to be made:</p>
<ul>
<li>Performance when compiling MultiMarkdown</li>
<li>Performance when processing parts of documents that are <em>not</em>
HTML</li>
<li>Accuracy when matching HTML</li>
</ul>
<p>So far, there seem to be four main approaches:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Ignore boolean attributes -- this is how MMD-6 started. This is
fast, but not accurate for some users. Several users found issues with
the <code>&lt;video&gt;</code> tag when MMD was used in HTML heavy
documents.</p></li>
<li><p>Use regexp to match all boolean attributes. This is fast to
compile, but adds roughly 5-8% processing time (probably due to false
positive HTML matches). This <em>may</em> cause some text to be
classified as HTML when it shouldn't.</p></li>
<li><p>Explicitly match all possible boolean attributes -- This would
presumably be relatively fast when processing (due to the nature of re2c
lexers), but it may be prohibitively slow to compile for some users. As
someone who compiles MMD frequently, it is too slow to compile for it to
be usable by me during development.</p></li>
<li><p>Use a hand-curated list of boolean attributes that are most
commonly used -- this does not incur much of a performance hit when
parsing, and compiles faster than the complete list of all boolean
attributes. For now, this is the option I have chosen as default for MMD
-- it seems to be a reasonable trade-off. I will continue to research
additional options.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1 id="future-steps">Future Steps</h1>
<p>Some features I plan to implement at some point:</p>
<ol>
<li>{--OPML export support is not available in v6. I plan on adding
improved support for this at some point. I was hoping to be able to
re-use the existing v6 parser but it might be simpler to use the
approach from v5 and earlier, which was to have a separate parser tuned
to only identify headers and "stuff between headers".--}{&gt;&gt;OPML
read/write support implemented.&lt;&lt;}</li>
</ol>
</body></html>
Handled by the shared Markdown reader implementation-equivalence gate, including MultiMarkdown profile fixtures in the 137/137 Markdown/native comparison.

markdown_phpextra

1 sample

PHP Markdown README

17867 bytes | michelf/php-markdown Readme.md

PHP Markdown
============

![ci.yml](https://github.com/michelf/php-markdown/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)

by Michel Fortin  
<https://michelf.ca/>

based on Markdown by John Gruber  
<https://daringfireball.net/>


Introduction
------------

This is a library package that includes the PHP Markdown parser and its
sibling PHP Markdown Extra with additional features.

Markdown is a text-to-HTML conversion tool for web writers. Markdown
allows you to write using an easy-to-read, easy-to-write plain text
format, then convert it to structurally valid XHTML (or HTML).

"Markdown" is actually two things: a plain text markup syntax, and a
software tool, originally written in Perl, that converts the plain text
markup to HTML. PHP Markdown is a port to PHP of the original Markdown
program by John Gruber.

*	[Full documentation of the Markdown syntax](<https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/>)  
	— Daring Fireball (John Gruber)
*	[Markdown Extra syntax additions](<https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/>)  
	— Michel Fortin


Requirement
-----------

This library package requires PHP 7.4 or later.

Note: The older plugin/library hybrid package for PHP Markdown and
PHP Markdown Extra is no longer maintained but will work with PHP 4.0.5 and
later.

You might need to set pcre.backtrack_limit higher than 1 000 000 
(the default), though the default is usually fine.


Usage
-----

To use this library with Composer, first install it with:

	$ composer require michelf/php-markdown

Then include Composer's generated vendor/autoload.php to [enable autoloading]:

	require 'vendor/autoload.php';

Without Composer, for autoloading to work, your project needs an autoloader
compatible with PSR-4 or PSR-0. See the included Readme.php file for a minimal
autoloader setup. (If you cannot use autoloading, see below.)

With class autoloading in place:

	use Michelf\Markdown;
	$my_html = Markdown::defaultTransform($my_text);

Markdown Extra syntax is also available the same way:

	use Michelf\MarkdownExtra;
	$my_html = MarkdownExtra::defaultTransform($my_text);

If you wish to use PHP Markdown with another text filter function
built to parse HTML, you should filter the text *after* the `transform`
function call. This is an example with [PHP SmartyPants]:

	use Michelf\Markdown, Michelf\SmartyPants;
	$my_html = Markdown::defaultTransform($my_text);
	$my_html = SmartyPants::defaultTransform($my_html);

All these examples are using the static `defaultTransform` static function
...

Download original file

Real PHP Markdown project README covering PHP Markdown Extra usage, code blocks, links, raw HTML block handling, special attributes, and release notes.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>PHP Markdown</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://github.com/michelf/php-markdown/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg" alt="ci.yml"/><figcaption>ci.yml</figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>by Michel Fortin<br/><a href="https://michelf.ca/">https://michelf.ca/</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>based on Markdown by John Gruber<br/><a href="https://daringfireball.net/">https://daringfireball.net/</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is a library package that includes the PHP Markdown parser and its
sibling PHP Markdown Extra with additional features.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown is a text-to-HTML conversion tool for web writers. Markdown
allows you to write using an easy-to-read, easy-to-write plain text
format, then convert it to structurally valid XHTML (or HTML).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&quot;Markdown&quot; is actually two things: a plain text markup syntax, and a
software tool, originally written in Perl, that converts the plain text
markup to HTML. PHP Markdown is a port to PHP of the original Markdown
program by John Gruber.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Full documentation of the Markdown syntax</a> — Daring Fireball (John Gruber)</li><li><a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">Markdown Extra syntax additions</a> — Michel Fortin</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Requirement</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This library package requires PHP 7.4 or later.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The older plugin/library hybrid package for PHP Markdown and
PHP Markdown Extra is no longer maintained but will work with PHP 4.0.5 and
later.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You might need to set pcre.backtrack_limit higher than 1 000 000
(the default), though the default is usually fine.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Usage</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To use this library with Composer, first install it with:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>$ composer require michelf/php-markdown</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then include Composer&#039;s generated vendor/autoload.php to <a href="https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#autoloading">enable autoloading</a>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>require &#039;vendor/autoload.php&#039;;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Without Composer, for autoloading to work, your project needs an autoloader
compatible with PSR-4 or PSR-0. See the included Readme.php file for a minimal
autoloader setup. (If you cannot use autoloading, see below.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With class autoloading in place:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>use Michelf\Markdown;
$my_html = Markdown::defaultTransform($my_text);</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown Extra syntax is also available the same way:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>use Michelf\MarkdownExtra;
$my_html = MarkdownExtra::defaultTransform($my_text);</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you wish to use PHP Markdown with another text filter function
built to parse HTML, you should filter the text <em>after</em> the <code>transform</code>
function call. This is an example with <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-smartypants/">PHP SmartyPants</a>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>use Michelf\Markdown, Michelf\SmartyPants;
$my_html = Markdown::defaultTransform($my_text);
$my_html = SmartyPants::defaultTransform($my_html);</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All these examples are using the static <code>defaultTransform</code> static function
found inside the parser class. If you want to customize the parser
configuration, you can also instantiate it directly and change some
configuration variables:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>use Michelf\MarkdownExtra;
$parser = new MarkdownExtra;
$parser-&gt;fn_id_prefix = &quot;post22-&quot;;
$my_html = $parser-&gt;transform($my_text);</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To learn more, see the full list of <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/configuration/">configuration variables</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Usage without an autoloader</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you cannot use class autoloading, you can still use <code>include</code> or <code>require</code>
to access the parser. To load the <code>Michelf\Markdown</code> parser, do it this way:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>require_once &#039;Michelf/Markdown.inc.php&#039;;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Or, if you need the <code>Michelf\MarkdownExtra</code> parser:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>require_once &#039;Michelf/MarkdownExtra.inc.php&#039;;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>While the plain <code>.php</code> files depend on autoloading to work correctly, using the
<code>.inc.php</code> files instead will eagerly load the dependencies that would be
loaded on demand if you were using autoloading.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Public API and Versioning Policy</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Version numbers are of the form <em>major</em>.<em>minor</em>.<em>patch</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The public API of PHP Markdown consist of the two parser classes <code>Markdown</code>
and <code>MarkdownExtra</code>, their constructors, the <code>transform</code> and <code>defaultTransform</code>
functions and their configuration variables. The public API is stable for
a given major version number. It might get additions when the minor version
number increments.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Protected members are not considered public API.</strong> This is unconventional
and deserves an explanation. Incrementing the major version number every time
the underlying implementation of something changes is going to give
nonessential version numbers for the vast majority of people who just use the
parser.  Protected members are meant to create parser subclasses that behave in
different ways. Very few people create parser subclasses. I don&#039;t want to
discourage it by making everything private, but at the same time I can&#039;t
guarantee any stable hook between versions if you use protected members.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Syntax changes</strong> will increment the minor number for new features, and the
patch number for small corrections. A <em>new feature</em> is something that needs a
change in the syntax documentation. Note that since PHP Markdown Lib includes
two parsers, a syntax change for either of them will increment the minor
number. Also note that there is nothing perfectly backward-compatible with the
Markdown syntax: all inputs are always valid, so new features always replace
something that was previously legal, although generally nonsensical to do.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Bugs</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To file bug reports please send email to:
<a href="mailto:michel.fortin@michelf.ca">michel.fortin@michelf.ca</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Please include with your report: (1) the example input; (2) the output you
expected; (3) the output PHP Markdown actually produced.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you have a problem where Markdown gives you an empty result, first check
that the backtrack limit is not too low by running <code>php --info | grep pcre</code>.
See Installation and Requirement above for details.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Development and Testing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pull requests for fixing bugs are welcome. Proposed new features are
going to be meticulously reviewed -- taking into account backward compatibility,
potential side effects, and future extensibility -- before deciding on
acceptance or rejection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you make a pull request that includes changes to the parser please add
tests for what is being changed to the <code>test/</code> directory. This can be as
simple as adding a <code>.text</code> (input) file with a corresponding <code>.xhtml</code>
(output) file to proper category under <code>./test/resources/</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Traditionally tests were in a separate repository, <a href="https://github.com/michelf/mdtest">MDTest</a>
but they are now located here, alongside the source code.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Donations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you wish to make a donation that will help me devote more time to
PHP Markdown, please visit <a href="https://michelf.ca/donate/#!Thanks%20for%20PHP%20Markdown">michelf.ca/donate</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Version History</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 2.0.0 (26 Sep 2022)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Now requiring PHP version 7.4 or later.</p></li><li><p>Added type annotations to configuration properties of the parser. (Thanks to Tac Tacelosky.)</p></li><li><p>Fixing a TypeError in PHP 8 caused by invalid counter variable. (Thanks to Alexey Kopytko.)</p></li><li><p>Composer package now excludes development files. (Thanks to Cédric Anne.)</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code></code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.9.1 (23 Nov 2021)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Now treating <code>&lt;details&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;summary&gt;</code> as block level so they don&#039;t get wrapped in <code>&lt;p&gt;</code>. (Thanks to Thomas Hochstein for the fix.)</p></li><li><p>Fix for unintended blank title attribute when adding supplementary attributes to a link in Markdown Extra. (Thanks to Richie Black for the fix.)</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.9.0 (1 Dec 2019)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Added <code>fn_backlink_label</code> configuration variable to put some text in the <code>aria-label</code> attribute. (Thanks to Sunny Walker for the implementation.)</p></li><li><p>Occurances of &quot;<code>^^</code>&quot; in <code>fn_backlink_html</code>, <code>fn_backlink_class</code>, <code>fn_backlink_title</code>, and <code>fn_backlink_label</code> will be replaced by the corresponding footnote number in the HTML output. Occurances of &quot;<code>%%</code>&quot; will be replaced by a number for the reference (footnotes can have multiple references). (Thanks to Sunny Walker for the implementation.)</p></li><li><p>Added configuration variable <code>omit_footnotes</code>. When <code>true</code> footnotes are not appended at the end of the generated HTML and the <code>footnotes_assembled</code> variable will contain the HTML for the footnote list, allowing footnotes to be moved somewhere else on the page. (Thanks to James K. for the implementation.)</p><p>Note: when placing the content of <code>footnotes_assembled</code> on the page, consider adding the attribute <code>role=&quot;doc-endnotes&quot;</code> to the <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> that will enclose the list of footnotes so they are reachable to accessibility tools the same way they would be with the default HTML output.</p></li><li><p>Fixed deprecation warnings from PHP about usage of curly braces to access characters in text strings. (Thanks to Remi Collet and Frans-Willem Post.)</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.8.0 (14 Jan 2018)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Autoloading with Composer now uses PSR-4.</p></li><li><p>HTML output for Markdown Extra footnotes now include <code>role</code> attributes with values from <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/dpub-aria/">WAI-ARIA</a> to make them more accessible. (Thanks to Tobias Bengfort)</p></li><li><p>In Markdown Extra, added the <code>hashtag_protection</code> configuration variable. When set to <code>true</code> it prevents ATX-style headers with no space after the initial hash from being interpreted as headers. This way your precious hashtags are preserved. (Thanks to Jaussoin Timothée for the implementation.)</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.7.0 (29 Oct 2016)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Added a <code>hard_wrap</code> configuration variable to make all newline characters in the text become <code>&lt;br&gt;</code> tags in the HTML output. By default, according to the standard Markdown syntax these newlines are ignored unless they a preceded by two spaces. Thanks to Jonathan Cohlmeyer for the implementation.</p></li><li><p>Improved the parsing of list items to fix problematic cases that came to light with the addition of <code>hard_wrap</code>. This should have no effect on the output except span-level list items that ended with two spaces (and thus ended with a line break).</p></li><li><p>Added a <code>code_span_content_func</code> configuration variable which takes a function that will convert the content of the code span to HTML. This can be useful to implement syntax highlighting. Although contrary to its code block equivalent, there is no syntax for specifying a language. Credits to styxit for the implementation.</p></li><li><p>Fixed a Markdown Extra issue where two-space-at-end-of-line hard breaks wouldn&#039;t work inside of HTML block elements such as <code>&lt;p markdown=&quot;1&quot;&gt;</code> where the element expects only span-level content.</p></li><li><p>In the parser code, switched to PHPDoc comment format. Thanks to Robbie Averill for the help.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.6.0 (23 Dec 2015)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: this version was incorrectly released as 1.5.1 on Dec 22, a number
that contradicted the versioning policy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>For fenced code blocks in Markdown Extra, can now set a class name for the code block&#039;s language before the special attribute block. Previously, this class name was only allowed in the absence of the special attribute block.</p></li><li><p>Added a <code>code_block_content_func</code> configuration variable which takes a function that will convert the content of the code block to HTML. This is most useful for syntax highlighting. For fenced code blocks in Markdown Extra, the function has access to the language class name (the one outside of the special attribute block). Credits to Mario Konrad for providing the implementation.</p></li><li><p>The curled arrow character for the backlink in footnotes is now followed by a Unicode variant selector to prevent it from being displayed in emoji form on iOS.</p><p>Note that in older browsers the variant selector is often interpreted as a separate character, making it visible after the arrow. So there is now a also a <code>fn_backlink_html</code> configuration variable that can be used to set the link text to something else. Credits to Dana for providing the implementation.</p></li><li><p>Fixed an issue in MarkdownExtra where long header lines followed by a special attribute block would hit the backtrack limit an cause an empty string to be returned.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.5.0 (1 Mar 2015)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Added the ability start ordered lists with a number different from 1 and and have that reflected in the HTML output. This can be enabled with the <code>enhanced_ordered_lists</code> configuration variable for the Markdown parser; it is enabled by default for Markdown Extra. Credits to Matt Gorle for providing the implementation.</p></li><li><p>Added the ability to insert custom HTML attributes with simple values everywhere an extra attribute block is allowed (links, images, headers). The value must be unquoted, cannot contains spaces and is limited to alphanumeric ASCII characters. Credits to Peter Droogmans for providing the implementation.</p></li><li><p>Added a <code>header_id_func</code> configuration variable which takes a function that can generate an <code>id</code> attribute value from the header text. Credits to Evert Pot for providing the implementation.</p></li><li><p>Added a <code>url_filter_func</code> configuration variable which takes a function that can rewrite any link or image URL to something different.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.4.1 (4 May 2014)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>The HTML block parser will now treat <code>&lt;figure&gt;</code> as a block-level element (as it should) and no longer wrap it in <code>&lt;p&gt;</code> or parse it&#039;s content with the as Markdown syntax (although with Extra you can use <code>markdown=&quot;1&quot;</code> if you wish to use the Markdown syntax inside it).</p></li><li><p>The content of <code>&lt;style&gt;</code> elements will now be left alone, its content won&#039;t be interpreted as Markdown.</p></li><li><p>Corrected an bug where some inline links with spaces in them would not work even when surounded with angle brackets:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[link](&lt;s p a c e s&gt;)</code></pre></li><li><p>Fixed an issue where email addresses with quotes in them would not always have the quotes escaped in the link attribute, causing broken links (and invalid HTML).</p></li><li><p>Fixed the case were a link definition following a footnote definition would be swallowed by the footnote unless it was separated by a blank line.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.4.0 (29 Nov 2013)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Added support for the <code>tel:</code> URL scheme in automatic links.</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;tel:+1-111-111-1111&gt;</code></pre><p>It gets converted to this (note the <code>tel:</code> prefix becomes invisible):</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;a href=&quot;tel:+1-111-111-1111&quot;&gt;+1-111-111-1111&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre></li><li><p>Added backtick fenced code blocks to MarkdownExtra, originally from Github-Flavored Markdown.</p></li><li><p>Added an interface called MarkdownInterface implemented by both the Markdown and MarkdownExtra parsers. You can use the interface if you want to create a mockup parser object for unit testing.</p></li><li><p>For those of you who cannot use class autoloading, you can now include <code>Michelf/Markdown.inc.php</code> or <code>Michelf/MarkdownExtra.inc.php</code> (note the     <code>.inc.php</code> extension) to automatically include other files required by the parser.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.3 (11 Apr 2013)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is the first release of PHP Markdown Lib. This package requires PHP
version 5.3 or later and is designed to work with PSR-0 autoloading and,
optionally with Composer. Here is a list of the changes since
PHP Markdown Extra 1.2.6:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Plugin interface for WordPress and other systems is no longer present in the Lib package. The classic package is still available if you need it: <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/classic/">https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/classic/</a></p></li><li><p>Added <code>public</code> and <code>protected</code> protection attributes, plus a section about what is &quot;public API&quot; and what isn&#039;t in the Readme file.</p></li><li><p>Changed HTML output for footnotes: now instead of adding <code>rel</code> and <code>rev</code> attributes, footnotes links have the class name <code>footnote-ref</code> and backlinks <code>footnote-backref</code>.</p></li><li><p>Fixed some regular expressions to make PCRE not shout warnings about POSIX collation classes (dependent on your version of PCRE).</p></li><li><p>Added optional class and id attributes to images and links using the same syntax as for headers:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[link](url){#id .class}
![img](url){#id .class}</code></pre><p>It work too for reference-style links and images. In this case you need to put those attributes at the reference definition:</p><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[link][linkref] or [linkref]
![img][linkref]

[linkref]: url &quot;optional title&quot; {#id .class}</code></pre></li><li><p>Fixed a PHP notice message triggered when some table column separator markers are missing on the separator line below column headers.</p></li><li><p>Fixed a small mistake that could cause the parser to retain an invalid state related to parsing links across multiple runs. This was never observed (that I know of), but it&#039;s still worth fixing.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Copyright and License</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PHP Markdown Lib
Copyright (c) 2004-2022 Michel Fortin
<a href="https://michelf.ca/">https://michelf.ca/</a><br/>All rights reserved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Based on Markdown<br/>Copyright (c) 2003-2005 John Gruber<br/><a href="https://daringfireball.net/">https://daringfireball.net/</a><br/>All rights reserved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.</p></li><li><p>Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.</p></li><li><p>Neither the name &quot;Markdown&quot; nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This software is provided by the copyright holders and contributors &quot;as
is&quot; and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited
to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall the copyright owner
or contributors be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special,
exemplary, or consequential damages (including, but not limited to,
procurement of substitute goods or services; loss of use, data, or
profits; or business interruption) however caused and on any theory of
liability, whether in contract, strict liability, or tort (including
negligence or otherwise) arising in any way out of the use of this
software, even if advised of the possibility of such damage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>PHP Markdown</h1>
<figure>
<img src="https://github.com/michelf/php-markdown/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg" alt="ci.yml" />
<figcaption aria-hidden="true">ci.yml</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>by Michel Fortin<br />
<a href="https://michelf.ca/" class="uri">https://michelf.ca/</a></p>
<p>based on Markdown by John Gruber<br />
<a href="https://daringfireball.net/" class="uri">https://daringfireball.net/</a></p>
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<p>This is a library package that includes the PHP Markdown parser and its sibling PHP Markdown Extra with additional features.</p>
<p>Markdown is a text-to-HTML conversion tool for web writers. Markdown allows you to write using an easy-to-read, easy-to-write plain text format, then convert it to structurally valid XHTML (or HTML).</p>
<p>&quot;Markdown&quot; is actually two things: a plain text markup syntax, and a software tool, originally written in Perl, that converts the plain text markup to HTML. PHP Markdown is a port to PHP of the original Markdown program by John Gruber.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Full documentation of the Markdown syntax</a> — Daring Fireball (John Gruber)</li>
<li><a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">Markdown Extra syntax additions</a> — Michel Fortin</li>
</ul>
<h2>Requirement</h2>
<p>This library package requires PHP 7.4 or later.</p>
<p>Note: The older plugin/library hybrid package for PHP Markdown and PHP Markdown Extra is no longer maintained but will work with PHP 4.0.5 and later.</p>
<p>You might need to set pcre.backtrack_limit higher than 1 000 000 (the default), though the default is usually fine.</p>
<h2>Usage</h2>
<p>To use this library with Composer, first install it with:</p>
<pre><code>$ composer require michelf/php-markdown</code></pre>
<p>Then include Composer&#039;s generated vendor/autoload.php to <a href="https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#autoloading">enable autoloading</a>:</p>
<pre><code>require &#039;vendor/autoload.php&#039;;</code></pre>
<p>Without Composer, for autoloading to work, your project needs an autoloader compatible with PSR-4 or PSR-0. See the included Readme.php file for a minimal autoloader setup. (If you cannot use autoloading, see below.)</p>
<p>With class autoloading in place:</p>
<pre><code>use Michelf\Markdown;
$my_html = Markdown::defaultTransform($my_text);</code></pre>
<p>Markdown Extra syntax is also available the same way:</p>
<pre><code>use Michelf\MarkdownExtra;
$my_html = MarkdownExtra::defaultTransform($my_text);</code></pre>
<p>If you wish to use PHP Markdown with another text filter function built to parse HTML, you should filter the text <em>after</em> the <code>transform</code> function call. This is an example with <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-smartypants/">PHP SmartyPants</a>:</p>
<pre><code>use Michelf\Markdown, Michelf\SmartyPants;
$my_html = Markdown::defaultTransform($my_text);
$my_html = SmartyPants::defaultTransform($my_html);</code></pre>
<p>All these examples are using the static <code>defaultTransform</code> static function found inside the parser class. If you want to customize the parser configuration, you can also instantiate it directly and change some configuration variables:</p>
<pre><code>use Michelf\MarkdownExtra;
$parser = new MarkdownExtra;
$parser-&gt;fn_id_prefix = &quot;post22-&quot;;
$my_html = $parser-&gt;transform($my_text);</code></pre>
<p>To learn more, see the full list of <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/configuration/">configuration variables</a>.</p>
<h3>Usage without an autoloader</h3>
<p>If you cannot use class autoloading, you can still use <code>include</code> or <code>require</code> to access the parser. To load the <code>Michelf\Markdown</code> parser, do it this way:</p>
<pre><code>require_once &#039;Michelf/Markdown.inc.php&#039;;</code></pre>
<p>Or, if you need the <code>Michelf\MarkdownExtra</code> parser:</p>
<pre><code>require_once &#039;Michelf/MarkdownExtra.inc.php&#039;;</code></pre>
<p>While the plain <code>.php</code> files depend on autoloading to work correctly, using the <code>.inc.php</code> files instead will eagerly load the dependencies that would be loaded on demand if you were using autoloading.</p>
<h2>Public API and Versioning Policy</h2>
<p>Version numbers are of the form <em>major</em>.<em>minor</em>.<em>patch</em>.</p>
<p>The public API of PHP Markdown consist of the two parser classes <code>Markdown</code> and <code>MarkdownExtra</code>, their constructors, the <code>transform</code> and <code>defaultTransform</code> functions and their configuration variables. The public API is stable for a given major version number. It might get additions when the minor version number increments.</p>
<p><strong>Protected members are not considered public API.</strong> This is unconventional and deserves an explanation. Incrementing the major version number every time the underlying implementation of something changes is going to give nonessential version numbers for the vast majority of people who just use the parser.  Protected members are meant to create parser subclasses that behave in different ways. Very few people create parser subclasses. I don&#039;t want to discourage it by making everything private, but at the same time I can&#039;t guarantee any stable hook between versions if you use protected members.</p>
<p><strong>Syntax changes</strong> will increment the minor number for new features, and the patch number for small corrections. A <em>new feature</em> is something that needs a change in the syntax documentation. Note that since PHP Markdown Lib includes two parsers, a syntax change for either of them will increment the minor number. Also note that there is nothing perfectly backward-compatible with the Markdown syntax: all inputs are always valid, so new features always replace something that was previously legal, although generally nonsensical to do.</p>
<h2>Bugs</h2>
<p>To file bug reports please send email to: <a href="mailto:michel.fortin@michelf.ca" class="email">michel.fortin@michelf.ca</a></p>
<p>Please include with your report: (1) the example input; (2) the output you expected; (3) the output PHP Markdown actually produced.</p>
<p>If you have a problem where Markdown gives you an empty result, first check that the backtrack limit is not too low by running <code>php --info | grep pcre</code>. See Installation and Requirement above for details.</p>
<h2>Development and Testing</h2>
<p>Pull requests for fixing bugs are welcome. Proposed new features are going to be meticulously reviewed -- taking into account backward compatibility, potential side effects, and future extensibility -- before deciding on acceptance or rejection.</p>
<p>If you make a pull request that includes changes to the parser please add tests for what is being changed to the <code>test/</code> directory. This can be as simple as adding a <code>.text</code> (input) file with a corresponding <code>.xhtml</code> (output) file to proper category under <code>./test/resources/</code>.</p>
<p>Traditionally tests were in a separate repository, <a href="https://github.com/michelf/mdtest">MDTest</a> but they are now located here, alongside the source code.</p>
<h2>Donations</h2>
<p>If you wish to make a donation that will help me devote more time to PHP Markdown, please visit <a href="https://michelf.ca/donate/#!Thanks%20for%20PHP%20Markdown">michelf.ca/donate</a>.</p>
<h2>Version History</h2>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 2.0.0 (26 Sep 2022)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Now requiring PHP version 7.4 or later.</p></li>
<li><p>Added type annotations to configuration properties of the parser. (Thanks to Tac Tacelosky.)</p></li>
<li><p>Fixing a TypeError in PHP 8 caused by invalid counter variable. (Thanks to Alexey Kopytko.)</p></li>
<li><p>Composer package now excludes development files. (Thanks to Cédric Anne.)</p></li>
</ul>
<pre><code></code></pre>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.9.1 (23 Nov 2021)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Now treating <code>&lt;details&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;summary&gt;</code> as block level so they don&#039;t get wrapped in <code>&lt;p&gt;</code>. (Thanks to Thomas Hochstein for the fix.)</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for unintended blank title attribute when adding supplementary attributes to a link in Markdown Extra. (Thanks to Richie Black for the fix.)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.9.0 (1 Dec 2019)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Added <code>fn_backlink_label</code> configuration variable to put some text in the <code>aria-label</code> attribute. (Thanks to Sunny Walker for the implementation.)</p></li>
<li><p>Occurances of &quot;<code>^^</code>&quot; in <code>fn_backlink_html</code>, <code>fn_backlink_class</code>, <code>fn_backlink_title</code>, and <code>fn_backlink_label</code> will be replaced by the corresponding footnote number in the HTML output. Occurances of &quot;<code>%%</code>&quot; will be replaced by a number for the reference (footnotes can have multiple references). (Thanks to Sunny Walker for the implementation.)</p></li>
<li><p>Added configuration variable <code>omit_footnotes</code>. When <code>true</code> footnotes are not appended at the end of the generated HTML and the <code>footnotes_assembled</code> variable will contain the HTML for the footnote list, allowing footnotes to be moved somewhere else on the page. (Thanks to James K. for the implementation.)</p>
<p>Note: when placing the content of <code>footnotes_assembled</code> on the page, consider adding the attribute <code>role=&quot;doc-endnotes&quot;</code> to the <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> that will enclose the list of footnotes so they are reachable to accessibility tools the same way they would be with the default HTML output.</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed deprecation warnings from PHP about usage of curly braces to access characters in text strings. (Thanks to Remi Collet and Frans-Willem Post.)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.8.0 (14 Jan 2018)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Autoloading with Composer now uses PSR-4.</p></li>
<li><p>HTML output for Markdown Extra footnotes now include <code>role</code> attributes with values from <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/dpub-aria/">WAI-ARIA</a> to make them more accessible. (Thanks to Tobias Bengfort)</p></li>
<li><p>In Markdown Extra, added the <code>hashtag_protection</code> configuration variable. When set to <code>true</code> it prevents ATX-style headers with no space after the initial hash from being interpreted as headers. This way your precious hashtags are preserved. (Thanks to Jaussoin Timothée for the implementation.)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.7.0 (29 Oct 2016)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Added a <code>hard_wrap</code> configuration variable to make all newline characters in the text become <code>&lt;br&gt;</code> tags in the HTML output. By default, according to the standard Markdown syntax these newlines are ignored unless they a preceded by two spaces. Thanks to Jonathan Cohlmeyer for the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Improved the parsing of list items to fix problematic cases that came to light with the addition of <code>hard_wrap</code>. This should have no effect on the output except span-level list items that ended with two spaces (and thus ended with a line break).</p></li>
<li><p>Added a <code>code_span_content_func</code> configuration variable which takes a function that will convert the content of the code span to HTML. This can be useful to implement syntax highlighting. Although contrary to its code block equivalent, there is no syntax for specifying a language. Credits to styxit for the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed a Markdown Extra issue where two-space-at-end-of-line hard breaks wouldn&#039;t work inside of HTML block elements such as <code>&lt;p markdown=&quot;1&quot;&gt;</code> where the element expects only span-level content.</p></li>
<li><p>In the parser code, switched to PHPDoc comment format. Thanks to Robbie Averill for the help.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.6.0 (23 Dec 2015)</p>
<p>Note: this version was incorrectly released as 1.5.1 on Dec 22, a number that contradicted the versioning policy.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>For fenced code blocks in Markdown Extra, can now set a class name for the code block&#039;s language before the special attribute block. Previously, this class name was only allowed in the absence of the special attribute block.</p></li>
<li><p>Added a <code>code_block_content_func</code> configuration variable which takes a function that will convert the content of the code block to HTML. This is most useful for syntax highlighting. For fenced code blocks in Markdown Extra, the function has access to the language class name (the one outside of the special attribute block). Credits to Mario Konrad for providing the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>The curled arrow character for the backlink in footnotes is now followed by a Unicode variant selector to prevent it from being displayed in emoji form on iOS.</p>
<p>Note that in older browsers the variant selector is often interpreted as a separate character, making it visible after the arrow. So there is now a also a <code>fn_backlink_html</code> configuration variable that can be used to set the link text to something else. Credits to Dana for providing the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed an issue in MarkdownExtra where long header lines followed by a special attribute block would hit the backtrack limit an cause an empty string to be returned.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.5.0 (1 Mar 2015)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Added the ability start ordered lists with a number different from 1 and and have that reflected in the HTML output. This can be enabled with the <code>enhanced_ordered_lists</code> configuration variable for the Markdown parser; it is enabled by default for Markdown Extra. Credits to Matt Gorle for providing the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Added the ability to insert custom HTML attributes with simple values everywhere an extra attribute block is allowed (links, images, headers). The value must be unquoted, cannot contains spaces and is limited to alphanumeric ASCII characters. Credits to Peter Droogmans for providing the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Added a <code>header_id_func</code> configuration variable which takes a function that can generate an <code>id</code> attribute value from the header text. Credits to Evert Pot for providing the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Added a <code>url_filter_func</code> configuration variable which takes a function that can rewrite any link or image URL to something different.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.4.1 (4 May 2014)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The HTML block parser will now treat <code>&lt;figure&gt;</code> as a block-level element (as it should) and no longer wrap it in <code>&lt;p&gt;</code> or parse it&#039;s content with the as Markdown syntax (although with Extra you can use <code>markdown=&quot;1&quot;</code> if you wish to use the Markdown syntax inside it).</p></li>
<li><p>The content of <code>&lt;style&gt;</code> elements will now be left alone, its content won&#039;t be interpreted as Markdown.</p></li>
<li><p>Corrected an bug where some inline links with spaces in them would not work even when surounded with angle brackets:</p>
<pre><code>[link](&lt;s p a c e s&gt;)</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Fixed an issue where email addresses with quotes in them would not always have the quotes escaped in the link attribute, causing broken links (and invalid HTML).</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed the case were a link definition following a footnote definition would be swallowed by the footnote unless it was separated by a blank line.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.4.0 (29 Nov 2013)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Added support for the <code>tel:</code> URL scheme in automatic links.</p>
<pre><code>&lt;tel:+1-111-111-1111&gt;</code></pre>
<p>It gets converted to this (note the <code>tel:</code> prefix becomes invisible):</p>
<pre><code>&lt;a href=&quot;tel:+1-111-111-1111&quot;&gt;+1-111-111-1111&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Added backtick fenced code blocks to MarkdownExtra, originally from Github-Flavored Markdown.</p></li>
<li><p>Added an interface called MarkdownInterface implemented by both the Markdown and MarkdownExtra parsers. You can use the interface if you want to create a mockup parser object for unit testing.</p></li>
<li><p>For those of you who cannot use class autoloading, you can now include <code>Michelf/Markdown.inc.php</code> or <code>Michelf/MarkdownExtra.inc.php</code> (note the     <code>.inc.php</code> extension) to automatically include other files required by the parser.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.3 (11 Apr 2013)</p>
<p>This is the first release of PHP Markdown Lib. This package requires PHP version 5.3 or later and is designed to work with PSR-0 autoloading and, optionally with Composer. Here is a list of the changes since PHP Markdown Extra 1.2.6:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Plugin interface for WordPress and other systems is no longer present in the Lib package. The classic package is still available if you need it: <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/classic/" class="uri">https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/classic/</a></p></li>
<li><p>Added <code>public</code> and <code>protected</code> protection attributes, plus a section about what is &quot;public API&quot; and what isn&#039;t in the Readme file.</p></li>
<li><p>Changed HTML output for footnotes: now instead of adding <code>rel</code> and <code>rev</code> attributes, footnotes links have the class name <code>footnote-ref</code> and backlinks <code>footnote-backref</code>.</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed some regular expressions to make PCRE not shout warnings about POSIX collation classes (dependent on your version of PCRE).</p></li>
<li><p>Added optional class and id attributes to images and links using the same syntax as for headers:</p>
<pre><code>[link](url){#id .class}
![img](url){#id .class}</code></pre>
<p>It work too for reference-style links and images. In this case you need to put those attributes at the reference definition:</p>
<pre><code>[link][linkref] or [linkref]
![img][linkref]

[linkref]: url &quot;optional title&quot; {#id .class}</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Fixed a PHP notice message triggered when some table column separator markers are missing on the separator line below column headers.</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed a small mistake that could cause the parser to retain an invalid state related to parsing links across multiple runs. This was never observed (that I know of), but it&#039;s still worth fixing.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2>Copyright and License</h2>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib Copyright (c) 2004-2022 Michel Fortin <a href="https://michelf.ca/" class="uri">https://michelf.ca/</a><br />
All rights reserved.</p>
<p>Based on Markdown<br />
Copyright (c) 2003-2005 John Gruber<br />
<a href="https://daringfireball.net/" class="uri">https://daringfireball.net/</a><br />
All rights reserved.</p>
<p>Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.</p></li>
<li><p>Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.</p></li>
<li><p>Neither the name &quot;Markdown&quot; nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This software is provided by the copyright holders and contributors &quot;as is&quot; and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall the copyright owner or contributors be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, exemplary, or consequential damages (including, but not limited to, procurement of substitute goods or services; loss of use, data, or profits; or business interruption) however caused and on any theory of liability, whether in contract, strict liability, or tort (including negligence or otherwise) arising in any way out of the use of this software, even if advised of the possibility of such damage.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>PHP Markdown</h1>
<p><img
src="https://github.com/michelf/php-markdown/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg"
alt="ci.yml" /></p>
<p>by Michel Fortin<br />
<a href="https://michelf.ca/" class="uri">https://michelf.ca/</a></p>
<p>based on Markdown by John Gruber<br />
<a href="https://daringfireball.net/"
class="uri">https://daringfireball.net/</a></p>
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<p>This is a library package that includes the PHP Markdown parser and
its sibling PHP Markdown Extra with additional features.</p>
<p>Markdown is a text-to-HTML conversion tool for web writers. Markdown
allows you to write using an easy-to-read, easy-to-write plain text
format, then convert it to structurally valid XHTML (or HTML).</p>
<p>"Markdown" is actually two things: a plain text markup syntax, and a
software tool, originally written in Perl, that converts the plain text
markup to HTML. PHP Markdown is a port to PHP of the original Markdown
program by John Gruber.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Full
documentation of the Markdown syntax</a><br />
— Daring Fireball (John Gruber)</li>
<li><a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/">Markdown
Extra syntax additions</a><br />
— Michel Fortin</li>
</ul>
<h2>Requirement</h2>
<p>This library package requires PHP 7.4 or later.</p>
<p>Note: The older plugin/library hybrid package for PHP Markdown and
PHP Markdown Extra is no longer maintained but will work with PHP 4.0.5
and later.</p>
<p>You might need to set pcre.backtrack_limit higher than 1 000 000 (the
default), though the default is usually fine.</p>
<h2>Usage</h2>
<p>To use this library with Composer, first install it with:</p>
<pre><code>$ composer require michelf/php-markdown</code></pre>
<p>Then include Composer's generated vendor/autoload.php to <a
href="https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#autoloading">enable
autoloading</a>:</p>
<pre><code>require &#39;vendor/autoload.php&#39;;</code></pre>
<p>Without Composer, for autoloading to work, your project needs an
autoloader compatible with PSR-4 or PSR-0. See the included Readme.php
file for a minimal autoloader setup. (If you cannot use autoloading, see
below.)</p>
<p>With class autoloading in place:</p>
<pre><code>use Michelf\Markdown;
$my_html = Markdown::defaultTransform($my_text);</code></pre>
<p>Markdown Extra syntax is also available the same way:</p>
<pre><code>use Michelf\MarkdownExtra;
$my_html = MarkdownExtra::defaultTransform($my_text);</code></pre>
<p>If you wish to use PHP Markdown with another text filter function
built to parse HTML, you should filter the text <em>after</em> the
<code>transform</code> function call. This is an example with <a
href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-smartypants/">PHP
SmartyPants</a>:</p>
<pre><code>use Michelf\Markdown, Michelf\SmartyPants;
$my_html = Markdown::defaultTransform($my_text);
$my_html = SmartyPants::defaultTransform($my_html);</code></pre>
<p>All these examples are using the static <code>defaultTransform</code>
static function found inside the parser class. If you want to customize
the parser configuration, you can also instantiate it directly and
change some configuration variables:</p>
<pre><code>use Michelf\MarkdownExtra;
$parser = new MarkdownExtra;
$parser-&gt;fn_id_prefix = &quot;post22-&quot;;
$my_html = $parser-&gt;transform($my_text);</code></pre>
<p>To learn more, see the full list of <a
href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/configuration/">configuration
variables</a>.</p>
<h3>Usage without an autoloader</h3>
<p>If you cannot use class autoloading, you can still use
<code>include</code> or <code>require</code> to access the parser. To
load the <code>Michelf\Markdown</code> parser, do it this way:</p>
<pre><code>require_once &#39;Michelf/Markdown.inc.php&#39;;</code></pre>
<p>Or, if you need the <code>Michelf\MarkdownExtra</code> parser:</p>
<pre><code>require_once &#39;Michelf/MarkdownExtra.inc.php&#39;;</code></pre>
<p>While the plain <code>.php</code> files depend on autoloading to work
correctly, using the <code>.inc.php</code> files instead will eagerly
load the dependencies that would be loaded on demand if you were using
autoloading.</p>
<h2>Public API and Versioning Policy</h2>
<p>Version numbers are of the form
<em>major</em>.<em>minor</em>.<em>patch</em>.</p>
<p>The public API of PHP Markdown consist of the two parser classes
<code>Markdown</code> and <code>MarkdownExtra</code>, their
constructors, the <code>transform</code> and
<code>defaultTransform</code> functions and their configuration
variables. The public API is stable for a given major version number. It
might get additions when the minor version number increments.</p>
<p><strong>Protected members are not considered public API.</strong>
This is unconventional and deserves an explanation. Incrementing the
major version number every time the underlying implementation of
something changes is going to give nonessential version numbers for the
vast majority of people who just use the parser. Protected members are
meant to create parser subclasses that behave in different ways. Very
few people create parser subclasses. I don't want to discourage it by
making everything private, but at the same time I can't guarantee any
stable hook between versions if you use protected members.</p>
<p><strong>Syntax changes</strong> will increment the minor number for
new features, and the patch number for small corrections. A <em>new
feature</em> is something that needs a change in the syntax
documentation. Note that since PHP Markdown Lib includes two parsers, a
syntax change for either of them will increment the minor number. Also
note that there is nothing perfectly backward-compatible with the
Markdown syntax: all inputs are always valid, so new features always
replace something that was previously legal, although generally
nonsensical to do.</p>
<h2>Bugs</h2>
<p>To file bug reports please send email to: <a
href="mailto:michel.fortin@michelf.ca"
class="email">michel.fortin@michelf.ca</a></p>
<p>Please include with your report: (1) the example input; (2) the
output you expected; (3) the output PHP Markdown actually produced.</p>
<p>If you have a problem where Markdown gives you an empty result, first
check that the backtrack limit is not too low by running
<code>php --info | grep pcre</code>. See Installation and Requirement
above for details.</p>
<h2>Development and Testing</h2>
<p>Pull requests for fixing bugs are welcome. Proposed new features are
going to be meticulously reviewed -- taking into account backward
compatibility, potential side effects, and future extensibility --
before deciding on acceptance or rejection.</p>
<p>If you make a pull request that includes changes to the parser please
add tests for what is being changed to the <code>test/</code> directory.
This can be as simple as adding a <code>.text</code> (input) file with a
corresponding <code>.xhtml</code> (output) file to proper category under
<code>./test/resources/</code>.</p>
<p>Traditionally tests were in a separate repository, <a
href="https://github.com/michelf/mdtest">MDTest</a> but they are now
located here, alongside the source code.</p>
<h2>Donations</h2>
<p>If you wish to make a donation that will help me devote more time to
PHP Markdown, please visit <a
href="https://michelf.ca/donate/#!Thanks%20for%20PHP%20Markdown">michelf.ca/donate</a>.</p>
<h2>Version History</h2>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 2.0.0 (26 Sep 2022)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Now requiring PHP version 7.4 or later.</p></li>
<li><p>Added type annotations to configuration properties of the parser.
(Thanks to Tac Tacelosky.)</p></li>
<li><p>Fixing a TypeError in PHP 8 caused by invalid counter variable.
(Thanks to Alexey Kopytko.)</p></li>
<li><p>Composer package now excludes development files. (Thanks to
Cédric Anne.)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.9.1 (23 Nov 2021)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Now treating <code>&lt;details&gt;</code> and
<code>&lt;summary&gt;</code> as block level so they don't get wrapped in
<code>&lt;p&gt;</code>. (Thanks to Thomas Hochstein for the
fix.)</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for unintended blank title attribute when adding
supplementary attributes to a link in Markdown Extra. (Thanks to Richie
Black for the fix.)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.9.0 (1 Dec 2019)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Added <code>fn_backlink_label</code> configuration variable to
put some text in the <code>aria-label</code> attribute. (Thanks to Sunny
Walker for the implementation.)</p></li>
<li><p>Occurances of "<code>^^</code>" in <code>fn_backlink_html</code>,
<code>fn_backlink_class</code>, <code>fn_backlink_title</code>, and
<code>fn_backlink_label</code> will be replaced by the corresponding
footnote number in the HTML output. Occurances of "<code>%%</code>" will
be replaced by a number for the reference (footnotes can have multiple
references). (Thanks to Sunny Walker for the implementation.)</p></li>
<li><p>Added configuration variable <code>omit_footnotes</code>. When
<code>true</code> footnotes are not appended at the end of the generated
HTML and the <code>footnotes_assembled</code> variable will contain the
HTML for the footnote list, allowing footnotes to be moved somewhere
else on the page. (Thanks to James K. for the implementation.)</p>
<p>Note: when placing the content of <code>footnotes_assembled</code> on
the page, consider adding the attribute <code>role="doc-endnotes"</code>
to the <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> that
will enclose the list of footnotes so they are reachable to
accessibility tools the same way they would be with the default HTML
output.</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed deprecation warnings from PHP about usage of curly braces
to access characters in text strings. (Thanks to Remi Collet and
Frans-Willem Post.)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.8.0 (14 Jan 2018)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Autoloading with Composer now uses PSR-4.</p></li>
<li><p>HTML output for Markdown Extra footnotes now include
<code>role</code> attributes with values from <a
href="https://www.w3.org/TR/dpub-aria/">WAI-ARIA</a> to make them more
accessible. (Thanks to Tobias Bengfort)</p></li>
<li><p>In Markdown Extra, added the <code>hashtag_protection</code>
configuration variable. When set to <code>true</code> it prevents
ATX-style headers with no space after the initial hash from being
interpreted as headers. This way your precious hashtags are preserved.
(Thanks to Jaussoin Timothée for the implementation.)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.7.0 (29 Oct 2016)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Added a <code>hard_wrap</code> configuration variable to make all
newline characters in the text become <code>&lt;br&gt;</code> tags in
the HTML output. By default, according to the standard Markdown syntax
these newlines are ignored unless they a preceded by two spaces. Thanks
to Jonathan Cohlmeyer for the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Improved the parsing of list items to fix problematic cases that
came to light with the addition of <code>hard_wrap</code>. This should
have no effect on the output except span-level list items that ended
with two spaces (and thus ended with a line break).</p></li>
<li><p>Added a <code>code_span_content_func</code> configuration
variable which takes a function that will convert the content of the
code span to HTML. This can be useful to implement syntax highlighting.
Although contrary to its code block equivalent, there is no syntax for
specifying a language. Credits to styxit for the
implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed a Markdown Extra issue where two-space-at-end-of-line hard
breaks wouldn't work inside of HTML block elements such as
<code>&lt;p markdown="1"&gt;</code> where the element expects only
span-level content.</p></li>
<li><p>In the parser code, switched to PHPDoc comment format. Thanks to
Robbie Averill for the help.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.6.0 (23 Dec 2015)</p>
<p>Note: this version was incorrectly released as 1.5.1 on Dec 22, a
number that contradicted the versioning policy.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>For fenced code blocks in Markdown Extra, can now set a class
name for the code block's language before the special attribute block.
Previously, this class name was only allowed in the absence of the
special attribute block.</p></li>
<li><p>Added a <code>code_block_content_func</code> configuration
variable which takes a function that will convert the content of the
code block to HTML. This is most useful for syntax highlighting. For
fenced code blocks in Markdown Extra, the function has access to the
language class name (the one outside of the special attribute block).
Credits to Mario Konrad for providing the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>The curled arrow character for the backlink in footnotes is now
followed by a Unicode variant selector to prevent it from being
displayed in emoji form on iOS.</p>
<p>Note that in older browsers the variant selector is often interpreted
as a separate character, making it visible after the arrow. So there is
now a also a <code>fn_backlink_html</code> configuration variable that
can be used to set the link text to something else. Credits to Dana for
providing the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed an issue in MarkdownExtra where long header lines followed
by a special attribute block would hit the backtrack limit an cause an
empty string to be returned.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.5.0 (1 Mar 2015)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Added the ability start ordered lists with a number different
from 1 and and have that reflected in the HTML output. This can be
enabled with the <code>enhanced_ordered_lists</code> configuration
variable for the Markdown parser; it is enabled by default for Markdown
Extra. Credits to Matt Gorle for providing the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Added the ability to insert custom HTML attributes with simple
values everywhere an extra attribute block is allowed (links, images,
headers). The value must be unquoted, cannot contains spaces and is
limited to alphanumeric ASCII characters. Credits to Peter Droogmans for
providing the implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Added a <code>header_id_func</code> configuration variable which
takes a function that can generate an <code>id</code> attribute value
from the header text. Credits to Evert Pot for providing the
implementation.</p></li>
<li><p>Added a <code>url_filter_func</code> configuration variable which
takes a function that can rewrite any link or image URL to something
different.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.4.1 (4 May 2014)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The HTML block parser will now treat <code>&lt;figure&gt;</code>
as a block-level element (as it should) and no longer wrap it in
<code>&lt;p&gt;</code> or parse it's content with the as Markdown syntax
(although with Extra you can use <code>markdown="1"</code> if you wish
to use the Markdown syntax inside it).</p></li>
<li><p>The content of <code>&lt;style&gt;</code> elements will now be
left alone, its content won't be interpreted as Markdown.</p></li>
<li><p>Corrected an bug where some inline links with spaces in them
would not work even when surounded with angle brackets:</p>
<pre><code>[link](&lt;s p a c e s&gt;)</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Fixed an issue where email addresses with quotes in them would
not always have the quotes escaped in the link attribute, causing broken
links (and invalid HTML).</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed the case were a link definition following a footnote
definition would be swallowed by the footnote unless it was separated by
a blank line.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.4.0 (29 Nov 2013)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Added support for the <code>tel:</code> URL scheme in automatic
links.</p>
<pre><code>&lt;tel:+1-111-111-1111&gt;</code></pre>
<p>It gets converted to this (note the <code>tel:</code> prefix becomes
invisible):</p>
<pre><code>&lt;a href=&quot;tel:+1-111-111-1111&quot;&gt;+1-111-111-1111&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Added backtick fenced code blocks to MarkdownExtra, originally
from Github-Flavored Markdown.</p></li>
<li><p>Added an interface called MarkdownInterface implemented by both
the Markdown and MarkdownExtra parsers. You can use the interface if you
want to create a mockup parser object for unit testing.</p></li>
<li><p>For those of you who cannot use class autoloading, you can now
include <code>Michelf/Markdown.inc.php</code> or
<code>Michelf/MarkdownExtra.inc.php</code> (note the
<code>.inc.php</code> extension) to automatically include other files
required by the parser.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib 1.3 (11 Apr 2013)</p>
<p>This is the first release of PHP Markdown Lib. This package requires
PHP version 5.3 or later and is designed to work with PSR-0 autoloading
and, optionally with Composer. Here is a list of the changes since PHP
Markdown Extra 1.2.6:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Plugin interface for WordPress and other systems is no longer
present in the Lib package. The classic package is still available if
you need it: <a href="https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/classic/"
class="uri">https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/classic/</a></p></li>
<li><p>Added <code>public</code> and <code>protected</code> protection
attributes, plus a section about what is "public API" and what isn't in
the Readme file.</p></li>
<li><p>Changed HTML output for footnotes: now instead of adding
<code>rel</code> and <code>rev</code> attributes, footnotes links have
the class name <code>footnote-ref</code> and backlinks
<code>footnote-backref</code>.</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed some regular expressions to make PCRE not shout warnings
about POSIX collation classes (dependent on your version of
PCRE).</p></li>
<li><p>Added optional class and id attributes to images and links using
the same syntax as for headers:</p>
<pre><code>[link](url){#id .class}
![img](url){#id .class}</code></pre>
<p>It work too for reference-style links and images. In this case you
need to put those attributes at the reference definition:</p>
<pre><code>[link][linkref] or [linkref]
![img][linkref]

[linkref]: url &quot;optional title&quot; {#id .class}</code></pre></li>
<li><p>Fixed a PHP notice message triggered when some table column
separator markers are missing on the separator line below column
headers.</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed a small mistake that could cause the parser to retain an
invalid state related to parsing links across multiple runs. This was
never observed (that I know of), but it's still worth fixing.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2>Copyright and License</h2>
<p>PHP Markdown Lib Copyright (c) 2004-2022 Michel Fortin <a
href="https://michelf.ca/" class="uri">https://michelf.ca/</a><br />
All rights reserved.</p>
<p>Based on Markdown<br />
Copyright (c) 2003-2005 John Gruber<br />
<a href="https://daringfireball.net/"
class="uri">https://daringfireball.net/</a><br />
All rights reserved.</p>
<p>Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.</p></li>
<li><p>Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the
distribution.</p></li>
<li><p>Neither the name "Markdown" nor the names of its contributors may
be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
without specific prior written permission.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This software is provided by the copyright holders and contributors
"as is" and any express or implied warranties, including, but not
limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall the copyright owner
or contributors be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special,
exemplary, or consequential damages (including, but not limited to,
procurement of substitute goods or services; loss of use, data, or
profits; or business interruption) however caused and on any theory of
liability, whether in contract, strict liability, or tort (including
negligence or otherwise) arising in any way out of the use of this
software, even if advised of the possibility of such damage.</p>
</body></html>
Handled by the shared Markdown reader implementation-equivalence gate, including PHP Markdown Extra profile fixtures in the 137/137 Markdown/native comparison.

markdown_strict

1 sample

Original Markdown syntax documentation

27821 bytes | Daring Fireball Markdown syntax source

Markdown: Syntax
================

<ul id="ProjectSubmenu">
    <li><a href="/projects/markdown/" title="Markdown Project Page">Main</a></li>
    <li><a href="/projects/markdown/basics" title="Markdown Basics">Basics</a></li>
    <li><a class="selected" title="Markdown Syntax Documentation">Syntax</a></li>
    <li><a href="/projects/markdown/license" title="Pricing and License Information">License</a></li>
    <li><a href="/projects/markdown/dingus" title="Online Markdown Web Form">Dingus</a></li>
</ul>


*   [Overview](#overview)
    *   [Philosophy](#philosophy)
    *   [Inline HTML](#html)
    *   [Automatic Escaping for Special Characters](#autoescape)
*   [Block Elements](#block)
    *   [Paragraphs and Line Breaks](#p)
    *   [Headers](#header)
    *   [Blockquotes](#blockquote)
    *   [Lists](#list)
    *   [Code Blocks](#precode)
    *   [Horizontal Rules](#hr)
*   [Span Elements](#span)
    *   [Links](#link)
    *   [Emphasis](#em)
    *   [Code](#code)
    *   [Images](#img)
*   [Miscellaneous](#misc)
    *   [Backslash Escapes](#backslash)
    *   [Automatic Links](#autolink)


**Note:** This document is itself written using Markdown; you
can [see the source for it by adding '.text' to the URL][src].

  [src]: /projects/markdown/syntax.text

* * *

<h2 id="overview">Overview</h2>

<h3 id="philosophy">Philosophy</h3>

Markdown is intended to be as easy-to-read and easy-to-write as is feasible.

Readability, however, is emphasized above all else. A Markdown-formatted
document should be publishable as-is, as plain text, without looking
like it's been marked up with tags or formatting instructions. While
Markdown's syntax has been influenced by several existing text-to-HTML
filters -- including [Setext][1], [atx][2], [Textile][3], [reStructuredText][4],
[Grutatext][5], and [EtText][6] -- the single biggest source of
inspiration for Markdown's syntax is the format of plain text email.

  [1]: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/mirror/setext.html
  [2]: http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/atx/
  [3]: https://web.archive.org/web/20021226035527/http://textism.com/tools/textile/
  [4]: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html
  [5]: http://www.triptico.com/software/grutatxt.html
  [6]: http://ettext.taint.org/doc/

To this end, Markdown's syntax is comprised entirely of punctuation
characters, which punctuation characters have been carefully chosen so
as to look like what they mean. E.g., asterisks around a word actually
look like \*emphasis\*. Markdown lists look like, well, lists. Even
blockquotes look like quoted passages of text, assuming you've ever
used email.



<h3 id="html">Inline HTML</h3>

Markdown's syntax is intended for one purpose: to be used as a
format for *writing* for the web.

Markdown is not a replacement for HTML, or even close to it. Its
syntax is very small, corresponding only to a very small subset of
HTML tags. The idea is *not* to create a syntax that makes it easier
to insert HTML tags. In my opinion, HTML tags are already easy to
insert. The idea for Markdown is to make it easy to read, write, and
...

Download original file

Real original Markdown syntax document with setext headings, inline HTML, nested lists, block quotes, indented code, reference links, emphasis, images, and autolinks.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Markdown: Syntax</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="/projects/markdown/" title="Markdown Project Page">Main</a></li><li><a href="/projects/markdown/basics" title="Markdown Basics">Basics</a></li><li><span class="selected" title="Markdown Syntax Documentation">Syntax</span></li><li><a href="/projects/markdown/license" title="Pricing and License Information">License</a></li><li><a href="/projects/markdown/dingus" title="Online Markdown Web Form">Dingus</a></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><a href="#overview">Overview</a><ul><li><a href="#philosophy">Philosophy</a></li><li><a href="#html">Inline HTML</a></li><li><a href="#autoescape">Automatic Escaping for Special Characters</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#block">Block Elements</a><ul><li><a href="#p">Paragraphs and Line Breaks</a></li><li><a href="#header">Headers</a></li><li><a href="#blockquote">Blockquotes</a></li><li><a href="#list">Lists</a></li><li><a href="#precode">Code Blocks</a></li><li><a href="#hr">Horizontal Rules</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#span">Span Elements</a><ul><li><a href="#link">Links</a></li><li><a href="#em">Emphasis</a></li><li><a href="#code">Code</a></li><li><a href="#img">Images</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#misc">Miscellaneous</a><ul><li><a href="#backslash">Backslash Escapes</a></li><li><a href="#autolink">Automatic Links</a></li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Note:</strong> This document is itself written using Markdown; you
can <a href="/projects/markdown/syntax.text">see the source for it by adding &#039;.text&#039; to the URL</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="overview">Overview</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="philosophy">Philosophy</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown is intended to be as easy-to-read and easy-to-write as is feasible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Readability, however, is emphasized above all else. A Markdown-formatted
document should be publishable as-is, as plain text, without looking
like it&#039;s been marked up with tags or formatting instructions. While
Markdown&#039;s syntax has been influenced by several existing text-to-HTML
filters -- including <a href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/mirror/setext.html">Setext</a>, <a href="http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/atx/">atx</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021226035527/http://textism.com/tools/textile/">Textile</a>, <a href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html">reStructuredText</a>,
<a href="http://www.triptico.com/software/grutatxt.html">Grutatext</a>, and <a href="http://ettext.taint.org/doc/">EtText</a> -- the single biggest source of
inspiration for Markdown&#039;s syntax is the format of plain text email.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To this end, Markdown&#039;s syntax is comprised entirely of punctuation
characters, which punctuation characters have been carefully chosen so
as to look like what they mean. E.g., asterisks around a word actually
look like *emphasis*. Markdown lists look like, well, lists. Even
blockquotes look like quoted passages of text, assuming you&#039;ve ever
used email.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="html">Inline HTML</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown&#039;s syntax is intended for one purpose: to be used as a
format for <em>writing</em> for the web.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown is not a replacement for HTML, or even close to it. Its
syntax is very small, corresponding only to a very small subset of
HTML tags. The idea is <em>not</em> to create a syntax that makes it easier
to insert HTML tags. In my opinion, HTML tags are already easy to
insert. The idea for Markdown is to make it easy to read, write, and
edit prose. HTML is a <em>publishing</em> format; Markdown is a <em>writing</em>
format. Thus, Markdown&#039;s formatting syntax only addresses issues that
can be conveyed in plain text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For any markup that is not covered by Markdown&#039;s syntax, you simply
use HTML itself. There&#039;s no need to preface it or delimit it to
indicate that you&#039;re switching from Markdown to HTML; you just use
the tags.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The only restrictions are that block-level HTML elements -- e.g. <code>&lt;div&gt;</code>,
<code>&lt;table&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;pre&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;p&gt;</code>, etc. -- must be separated from surrounding
content by blank lines, and the start and end tags of the block should
not be indented with tabs or spaces. Markdown is smart enough not
to add extra (unwanted) <code>&lt;p&gt;</code> tags around HTML block-level tags.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, to add an HTML table to a Markdown article:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is a regular paragraph.

&lt;table&gt;
    &lt;tr&gt;
        &lt;td&gt;Foo&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

This is another regular paragraph.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that Markdown formatting syntax is not processed within block-level
HTML tags. E.g., you can&#039;t use Markdown-style <code>*emphasis*</code> inside an
HTML block.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Span-level HTML tags -- e.g. <code>&lt;span&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;cite&gt;</code>, or <code>&lt;del&gt;</code> -- can be
used anywhere in a Markdown paragraph, list item, or header. If you
want, you can even use HTML tags instead of Markdown formatting; e.g. if
you&#039;d prefer to use HTML <code>&lt;a&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> tags instead of Markdown&#039;s
link or image syntax, go right ahead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Unlike block-level HTML tags, Markdown syntax <em>is</em> processed within
span-level tags.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="autoescape">Automatic Escaping for Special Characters</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In HTML, there are two characters that demand special treatment: <code>&lt;</code>
and <code>&amp;</code>. Left angle brackets are used to start tags; ampersands are
used to denote HTML entities. If you want to use them as literal
characters, you must escape them as entities, e.g. <code>&amp;lt;</code>, and
<code>&amp;amp;</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ampersands in particular are bedeviling for web writers. If you want to
write about &#039;AT&amp;T&#039;, you need to write &#039;<code>AT&amp;amp;T</code>&#039;. You even need to
escape ampersands within URLs. Thus, if you want to link to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>http://images.google.com/images?num=30&amp;q=larry+bird</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>you need to encode the URL as:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>http://images.google.com/images?num=30&amp;amp;q=larry+bird</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>in your anchor tag <code>href</code> attribute. Needless to say, this is easy to
forget, and is probably the single most common source of HTML validation
errors in otherwise well-marked-up web sites.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown allows you to use these characters naturally, taking care of
all the necessary escaping for you. If you use an ampersand as part of
an HTML entity, it remains unchanged; otherwise it will be translated
into <code>&amp;amp;</code>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>So, if you want to include a copyright symbol in your article, you can write:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&amp;copy;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>and Markdown will leave it alone. But if you write:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>AT&amp;T</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown will translate it to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>AT&amp;amp;T</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Similarly, because Markdown supports <a href="#html">inline HTML</a>, if you use
angle brackets as delimiters for HTML tags, Markdown will treat them as
such. But if you write:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>4 &lt; 5</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown will translate it to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>4 &amp;lt; 5</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>However, inside Markdown code spans and blocks, angle brackets and
ampersands are <em>always</em> encoded automatically. This makes it easy to use
Markdown to write about HTML code. (As opposed to raw HTML, which is a
terrible format for writing about HTML syntax, because every single <code>&lt;</code>
and <code>&amp;</code> in your example code needs to be escaped.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="block">Block Elements</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="p">Paragraphs and Line Breaks</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A paragraph is simply one or more consecutive lines of text, separated
by one or more blank lines. (A blank line is any line that looks like a
blank line -- a line containing nothing but spaces or tabs is considered
blank.) Normal paragraphs should not be indented with spaces or tabs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The implication of the &quot;one or more consecutive lines of text&quot; rule is
that Markdown supports &quot;hard-wrapped&quot; text paragraphs. This differs
significantly from most other text-to-HTML formatters (including Movable
Type&#039;s &quot;Convert Line Breaks&quot; option) which translate every line break
character in a paragraph into a <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code> tag.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When you <em>do</em> want to insert a <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code> break tag using Markdown, you
end a line with two or more spaces, then type return.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Yes, this takes a tad more effort to create a <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code>, but a simplistic
&quot;every line break is a <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code>&quot; rule wouldn&#039;t work for Markdown.
Markdown&#039;s email-style <a href="#blockquote">blockquoting</a> and multi-paragraph <a href="#list">list items</a>
work best -- and look better -- when you format them with hard breaks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="header">Headers</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown supports two styles of headers, <a href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/mirror/setext.html">Setext</a> and <a href="http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/atx/">atx</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Setext-style headers are &quot;underlined&quot; using equal signs (for first-level
headers) and dashes (for second-level headers). For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is an H1
=============

This is an H2
-------------</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Any number of underlining <code>=</code>&#039;s or <code>-</code>&#039;s will work.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Atx-style headers use 1-6 hash characters at the start of the line,
corresponding to header levels 1-6. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># This is an H1

## This is an H2

###### This is an H6</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Optionally, you may &quot;close&quot; atx-style headers. This is purely
cosmetic -- you can use this if you think it looks better. The
closing hashes don&#039;t even need to match the number of hashes
used to open the header. (The number of opening hashes
determines the header level.) :</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code># This is an H1 #

## This is an H2 ##

### This is an H3 ######</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="blockquote">Blockquotes</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown uses email-style <code>&gt;</code> characters for blockquoting. If you&#039;re
familiar with quoting passages of text in an email message, then you
know how to create a blockquote in Markdown. It looks best if you hard
wrap the text and put a <code>&gt;</code> before every line:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
&gt; consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.
&gt; Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
&gt; 
&gt; Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse
&gt; id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown allows you to be lazy and only put the <code>&gt;</code> before the first
line of a hard-wrapped paragraph:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.
Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.

&gt; Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse
id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blockquotes can be nested (i.e. a blockquote-in-a-blockquote) by
adding additional levels of <code>&gt;</code>:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; This is the first level of quoting.
&gt;
&gt; &gt; This is nested blockquote.
&gt;
&gt; Back to the first level.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Blockquotes can contain other Markdown elements, including headers, lists,
and code blocks:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&gt; ## This is a header.
&gt; 
&gt; 1.   This is the first list item.
&gt; 2.   This is the second list item.
&gt; 
&gt; Here&#039;s some example code:
&gt; 
&gt;     return shell_exec(&quot;echo $input | $markdown_script&quot;);</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Any decent text editor should make email-style quoting easy. For
example, with BBEdit, you can make a selection and choose Increase
Quote Level from the Text menu.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="list">Lists</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown supports ordered (numbered) and unordered (bulleted) lists.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Unordered lists use asterisks, pluses, and hyphens -- interchangably
-- as list markers:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*   Red
*   Green
*   Blue</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>is equivalent to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>+   Red
+   Green
+   Blue</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>and:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>-   Red
-   Green
-   Blue</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ordered lists use numbers followed by periods:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>1.  Bird
2.  McHale
3.  Parish</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It&#039;s important to note that the actual numbers you use to mark the
list have no effect on the HTML output Markdown produces. The HTML
Markdown produces from the above list is:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Bird&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;McHale&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Parish&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you instead wrote the list in Markdown like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>1.  Bird
1.  McHale
1.  Parish</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>or even:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>3. Bird
1. McHale
8. Parish</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>you&#039;d get the exact same HTML output. The point is, if you want to,
you can use ordinal numbers in your ordered Markdown lists, so that
the numbers in your source match the numbers in your published HTML.
But if you want to be lazy, you don&#039;t have to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you do use lazy list numbering, however, you should still start the
list with the number 1. At some point in the future, Markdown may support
starting ordered lists at an arbitrary number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>List markers typically start at the left margin, but may be indented by
up to three spaces. List markers must be followed by one or more spaces
or a tab.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To make lists look nice, you can wrap items with hanging indents:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*   Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
    Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi,
    viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
*   Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.
    Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But if you want to be lazy, you don&#039;t have to:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*   Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi,
viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
*   Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.
Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If list items are separated by blank lines, Markdown will wrap the
items in <code>&lt;p&gt;</code> tags in the HTML output. For example, this input:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*   Bird
*   Magic</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will turn into:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Bird&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Magic&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*   Bird

*   Magic</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will turn into:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bird&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Magic&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>List items may consist of multiple paragraphs. Each subsequent
paragraph in a list item must be indented by either 4 spaces
or one tab:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>1.  This is a list item with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor
    sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit
    mi posuere lectus.

    Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet
    vitae, risus. Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum
    sit amet velit.

2.  Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It looks nice if you indent every line of the subsequent
paragraphs, but here again, Markdown will allow you to be
lazy:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*   This is a list item with two paragraphs.

    This is the second paragraph in the list item. You&#039;re
only required to indent the first line. Lorem ipsum dolor
sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.

*   Another item in the same list.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To put a blockquote within a list item, the blockquote&#039;s <code>&gt;</code>
delimiters need to be indented:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*   A list item with a blockquote:

    &gt; This is a blockquote
    &gt; inside a list item.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To put a code block within a list item, the code block needs
to be indented <em>twice</em> -- 8 spaces or two tabs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*   A list item with a code block:

        &lt;code goes here&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It&#039;s worth noting that it&#039;s possible to trigger an ordered list by
accident, by writing something like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>1986. What a great season.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In other words, a <em>number-period-space</em> sequence at the beginning of a
line. To avoid this, you can backslash-escape the period:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>1986\. What a great season.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="precode">Code Blocks</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pre-formatted code blocks are used for writing about programming or
markup source code. Rather than forming normal paragraphs, the lines
of a code block are interpreted literally. Markdown wraps a code block
in both <code>&lt;pre&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;code&gt;</code> tags.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To produce a code block in Markdown, simply indent every line of the
block by at least 4 spaces or 1 tab. For example, given this input:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is a normal paragraph:

    This is a code block.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown will generate:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;p&gt;This is a normal paragraph:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;This is a code block.
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One level of indentation -- 4 spaces or 1 tab -- is removed from each
line of the code block. For example, this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Here is an example of AppleScript:

    tell application &quot;Foo&quot;
        beep
    end tell</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will turn into:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of AppleScript:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tell application &quot;Foo&quot;
    beep
end tell
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A code block continues until it reaches a line that is not indented
(or the end of the article).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Within a code block, ampersands (<code>&amp;</code>) and angle brackets (<code>&lt;</code> and <code>&gt;</code>)
are automatically converted into HTML entities. This makes it very
easy to include example HTML source code using Markdown -- just paste
it and indent it, and Markdown will handle the hassle of encoding the
ampersands and angle brackets. For example, this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>    &lt;div class=&quot;footer&quot;&gt;
        &amp;copy; 2004 Foo Corporation
    &lt;/div&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will turn into:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;footer&quot;&amp;gt;
    &amp;amp;copy; 2004 Foo Corporation
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Regular Markdown syntax is not processed within code blocks. E.g.,
asterisks are just literal asterisks within a code block. This means
it&#039;s also easy to use Markdown to write about Markdown&#039;s own syntax.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="hr">Horizontal Rules</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can produce a horizontal rule tag (<code>&lt;hr /&gt;</code>) by placing three or
more hyphens, asterisks, or underscores on a line by themselves. If you
wish, you may use spaces between the hyphens or asterisks. Each of the
following lines will produce a horizontal rule:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>* * *

***

*****

- - -

---------------------------------------</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="span">Span Elements</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="link">Links</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown supports two style of links: <em>inline</em> and <em>reference</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In both styles, the link text is delimited by [square brackets].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To create an inline link, use a set of regular parentheses immediately
after the link text&#039;s closing square bracket. Inside the parentheses,
put the URL where you want the link to point, along with an <em>optional</em>
title for the link, surrounded in quotes. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is [an example](http://example.com/ &quot;Title&quot;) inline link.

[This link](http://example.net/) has no title attribute.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Will produce:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;a href=&quot;http://example.com/&quot; title=&quot;Title&quot;&gt;
an example&lt;/a&gt; inline link.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://example.net/&quot;&gt;This link&lt;/a&gt; has no
title attribute.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you&#039;re referring to a local resource on the same server, you can
use relative paths:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>See my [About](/about/) page for details.   </code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reference-style links use a second set of square brackets, inside
which you place a label of your choosing to identify the link:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is [an example][id] reference-style link.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can optionally use a space to separate the sets of brackets:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is [an example] [id] reference-style link.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then, anywhere in the document, you define your link label like this,
on a line by itself:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[id]: http://example.com/  &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That is:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Square brackets containing the link identifier (optionally indented from the left margin using up to three spaces);</li><li>followed by a colon;</li><li>followed by one or more spaces (or tabs);</li><li>followed by the URL for the link;</li><li>optionally followed by a title attribute for the link, enclosed in double or single quotes, or enclosed in parentheses.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following three link definitions are equivalent:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[foo]: http://example.com/  &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;
[foo]: http://example.com/  &#039;Optional Title Here&#039;
[foo]: http://example.com/  (Optional Title Here)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Note:</strong> There is a known bug in Markdown.pl 1.0.1 which prevents
single quotes from being used to delimit link titles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The link URL may, optionally, be surrounded by angle brackets:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[id]: &lt;http://example.com/&gt;  &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can put the title attribute on the next line and use extra spaces
or tabs for padding, which tends to look better with longer URLs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[id]: http://example.com/longish/path/to/resource/here
    &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Link definitions are only used for creating links during Markdown
processing, and are stripped from your document in the HTML output.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Link definition names may consist of letters, numbers, spaces, and
punctuation -- but they are <em>not</em> case sensitive. E.g. these two
links:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[link text][a]
[link text][A]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>are equivalent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <em>implicit link name</em> shortcut allows you to omit the name of the
link, in which case the link text itself is used as the name.
Just use an empty set of square brackets -- e.g., to link the word
&quot;Google&quot; to the google.com web site, you could simply write:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Google][]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And then define the link:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Google]: http://google.com/</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because link names may contain spaces, this shortcut even works for
multiple words in the link text:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Visit [Daring Fireball][] for more information.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>And then define the link:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[Daring Fireball]: http://daringfireball.net/</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Link definitions can be placed anywhere in your Markdown document. I
tend to put them immediately after each paragraph in which they&#039;re
used, but if you want, you can put them all at the end of your
document, sort of like footnotes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Here&#039;s an example of reference links in action:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>I get 10 times more traffic from [Google] [1] than from
[Yahoo] [2] or [MSN] [3].

  [1]: http://google.com/        &quot;Google&quot;
  [2]: http://search.yahoo.com/  &quot;Yahoo Search&quot;
  [3]: http://search.msn.com/    &quot;MSN Search&quot;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Using the implicit link name shortcut, you could instead write:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>I get 10 times more traffic from [Google][] than from
[Yahoo][] or [MSN][].

  [google]: http://google.com/        &quot;Google&quot;
  [yahoo]:  http://search.yahoo.com/  &quot;Yahoo Search&quot;
  [msn]:    http://search.msn.com/    &quot;MSN Search&quot;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Both of the above examples will produce the following HTML output:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;p&gt;I get 10 times more traffic from &lt;a href=&quot;http://google.com/&quot;
title=&quot;Google&quot;&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt; than from
&lt;a href=&quot;http://search.yahoo.com/&quot; title=&quot;Yahoo Search&quot;&gt;Yahoo&lt;/a&gt;
or &lt;a href=&quot;http://search.msn.com/&quot; title=&quot;MSN Search&quot;&gt;MSN&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For comparison, here is the same paragraph written using
Markdown&#039;s inline link style:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>I get 10 times more traffic from [Google](http://google.com/ &quot;Google&quot;)
than from [Yahoo](http://search.yahoo.com/ &quot;Yahoo Search&quot;) or
[MSN](http://search.msn.com/ &quot;MSN Search&quot;).</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The point of reference-style links is not that they&#039;re easier to
write. The point is that with reference-style links, your document
source is vastly more readable. Compare the above examples: using
reference-style links, the paragraph itself is only 81 characters
long; with inline-style links, it&#039;s 176 characters; and as raw HTML,
it&#039;s 234 characters. In the raw HTML, there&#039;s more markup than there
is text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With Markdown&#039;s reference-style links, a source document much more
closely resembles the final output, as rendered in a browser. By
allowing you to move the markup-related metadata out of the paragraph,
you can add links without interrupting the narrative flow of your
prose.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="em">Emphasis</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown treats asterisks (<code>*</code>) and underscores (<code>_</code>) as indicators of
emphasis. Text wrapped with one <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> will be wrapped with an
HTML <code>&lt;em&gt;</code> tag; double <code>*</code>&#039;s or <code>_</code>&#039;s will be wrapped with an HTML
<code>&lt;strong&gt;</code> tag. E.g., this input:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>*single asterisks*

_single underscores_

**double asterisks**

__double underscores__</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will produce:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;em&gt;single asterisks&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;em&gt;single underscores&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;double asterisks&lt;/strong&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;double underscores&lt;/strong&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can use whichever style you prefer; the lone restriction is that
the same character must be used to open and close an emphasis span.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Emphasis can be used in the middle of a word:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>un*frigging*believable</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But if you surround an <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> with spaces, it&#039;ll be treated as a
literal asterisk or underscore.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To produce a literal asterisk or underscore at a position where it
would otherwise be used as an emphasis delimiter, you can backslash
escape it:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>\*this text is surrounded by literal asterisks\*</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="code">Code</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To indicate a span of code, wrap it with backtick quotes (<code>`</code>).
Unlike a pre-formatted code block, a code span indicates code within a
normal paragraph. For example:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Use the `printf()` function.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will produce:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;p&gt;Use the &lt;code&gt;printf()&lt;/code&gt; function.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To include a literal backtick character within a code span, you can use
multiple backticks as the opening and closing delimiters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>``There is a literal backtick (`) here.``</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>which will produce this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;There is a literal backtick (`) here.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The backtick delimiters surrounding a code span may include spaces --
one after the opening, one before the closing. This allows you to place
literal backtick characters at the beginning or end of a code span:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>A single backtick in a code span: `` ` ``

A backtick-delimited string in a code span: `` `foo` ``</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>will produce:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;p&gt;A single backtick in a code span: &lt;code&gt;`&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A backtick-delimited string in a code span: &lt;code&gt;`foo`&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With a code span, ampersands and angle brackets are encoded as HTML
entities automatically, which makes it easy to include example HTML
tags. Markdown will turn this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>Please don&#039;t use any `&lt;blink&gt;` tags.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>into:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;p&gt;Please don&#039;t use any &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;blink&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can write this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>`&amp;#8212;` is the decimal-encoded equivalent of `&amp;mdash;`.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>to produce:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;#8212;&lt;/code&gt; is the decimal-encoded
equivalent of &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;mdash;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="img">Images</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Admittedly, it&#039;s fairly difficult to devise a &quot;natural&quot; syntax for
placing images into a plain text document format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown uses an image syntax that is intended to resemble the syntax
for links, allowing for two styles: <em>inline</em> and <em>reference</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline image syntax looks like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>![Alt text](/path/to/img.jpg)

![Alt text](/path/to/img.jpg &quot;Optional title&quot;)</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That is:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>An exclamation mark: <code>!</code>;</li><li>followed by a set of square brackets, containing the <code>alt</code> attribute text for the image;</li><li>followed by a set of parentheses, containing the URL or path to the image, and an optional <code>title</code> attribute enclosed in double or single quotes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Reference-style image syntax looks like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>![Alt text][id]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Where &quot;id&quot; is the name of a defined image reference. Image references
are defined using syntax identical to link references:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>[id]: url/to/image  &quot;Optional title attribute&quot;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As of this writing, Markdown has no syntax for specifying the
dimensions of an image; if this is important to you, you can simply
use regular HTML <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> tags.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="misc">Miscellaneous</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="autolink">Automatic Links</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown supports a shortcut style for creating &quot;automatic&quot; links for URLs and email addresses: simply surround the URL or email address with angle brackets. What this means is that if you want to show the actual text of a URL or email address, and also have it be a clickable link, you can do this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown will turn this into:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;a href=&quot;http://example.com/&quot;&gt;http://example.com/&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Automatic links for email addresses work similarly, except that
Markdown will also perform a bit of randomized decimal and hex
entity-encoding to help obscure your address from address-harvesting
spambots. For example, Markdown will turn this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;address@example.com&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>into something like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>&lt;a href=&quot;&amp;#x6D;&amp;#x61;i&amp;#x6C;&amp;#x74;&amp;#x6F;:&amp;#x61;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x72;&amp;#x65;
&amp;#115;&amp;#115;&amp;#64;&amp;#101;&amp;#120;&amp;#x61;&amp;#109;&amp;#x70;&amp;#x6C;e&amp;#x2E;&amp;#99;&amp;#111;
&amp;#109;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x72;&amp;#x65;&amp;#115;&amp;#115;&amp;#64;&amp;#101;&amp;#120;&amp;#x61;
&amp;#109;&amp;#x70;&amp;#x6C;e&amp;#x2E;&amp;#99;&amp;#111;&amp;#109;&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>which will render in a browser as a clickable link to &quot;address@example.com&quot;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(This sort of entity-encoding trick will indeed fool many, if not
most, address-harvesting bots, but it definitely won&#039;t fool all of
them. It&#039;s better than nothing, but an address published in this way
will probably eventually start receiving spam.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="backslash">Backslash Escapes</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown allows you to use backslash escapes to generate literal
characters which would otherwise have special meaning in Markdown&#039;s
formatting syntax. For example, if you wanted to surround a word
with literal asterisks (instead of an HTML <code>&lt;em&gt;</code> tag), you can use
backslashes before the asterisks, like this:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>\*literal asterisks\*</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markdown provides backslash escapes for the following characters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>\   backslash
`   backtick
*   asterisk
_   underscore
{}  curly braces
[]  square brackets
()  parentheses
#   hash mark
+   plus sign
-   minus sign (hyphen)
.   dot
!   exclamation mark</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Markdown: Syntax</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="/projects/markdown/" title="Markdown Project Page">Main</a></li>
<li><a href="/projects/markdown/basics" title="Markdown Basics">Basics</a></li>
<li><span class="selected" title="Markdown Syntax Documentation">Syntax</span></li>
<li><a href="/projects/markdown/license" title="Pricing and License Information">License</a></li>
<li><a href="/projects/markdown/dingus" title="Online Markdown Web Form">Dingus</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#overview">Overview</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#philosophy">Philosophy</a></li>
<li><a href="#html">Inline HTML</a></li>
<li><a href="#autoescape">Automatic Escaping for Special Characters</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#block">Block Elements</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#p">Paragraphs and Line Breaks</a></li>
<li><a href="#header">Headers</a></li>
<li><a href="#blockquote">Blockquotes</a></li>
<li><a href="#list">Lists</a></li>
<li><a href="#precode">Code Blocks</a></li>
<li><a href="#hr">Horizontal Rules</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#span">Span Elements</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#link">Links</a></li>
<li><a href="#em">Emphasis</a></li>
<li><a href="#code">Code</a></li>
<li><a href="#img">Images</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#misc">Miscellaneous</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#backslash">Backslash Escapes</a></li>
<li><a href="#autolink">Automatic Links</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> This document is itself written using Markdown; you can <a href="/projects/markdown/syntax.text">see the source for it by adding &#039;.text&#039; to the URL</a>.</p>
<hr />
<h2 id="overview">Overview</h2>
<h3 id="philosophy">Philosophy</h3>
<p>Markdown is intended to be as easy-to-read and easy-to-write as is feasible.</p>
<p>Readability, however, is emphasized above all else. A Markdown-formatted document should be publishable as-is, as plain text, without looking like it&#039;s been marked up with tags or formatting instructions. While Markdown&#039;s syntax has been influenced by several existing text-to-HTML filters -- including <a href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/mirror/setext.html">Setext</a>, <a href="http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/atx/">atx</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021226035527/http://textism.com/tools/textile/">Textile</a>, <a href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html">reStructuredText</a>, <a href="http://www.triptico.com/software/grutatxt.html">Grutatext</a>, and <a href="http://ettext.taint.org/doc/">EtText</a> -- the single biggest source of inspiration for Markdown&#039;s syntax is the format of plain text email.</p>
<p>To this end, Markdown&#039;s syntax is comprised entirely of punctuation characters, which punctuation characters have been carefully chosen so as to look like what they mean. E.g., asterisks around a word actually look like *emphasis*. Markdown lists look like, well, lists. Even blockquotes look like quoted passages of text, assuming you&#039;ve ever used email.</p>
<h3 id="html">Inline HTML</h3>
<p>Markdown&#039;s syntax is intended for one purpose: to be used as a format for <em>writing</em> for the web.</p>
<p>Markdown is not a replacement for HTML, or even close to it. Its syntax is very small, corresponding only to a very small subset of HTML tags. The idea is <em>not</em> to create a syntax that makes it easier to insert HTML tags. In my opinion, HTML tags are already easy to insert. The idea for Markdown is to make it easy to read, write, and edit prose. HTML is a <em>publishing</em> format; Markdown is a <em>writing</em> format. Thus, Markdown&#039;s formatting syntax only addresses issues that can be conveyed in plain text.</p>
<p>For any markup that is not covered by Markdown&#039;s syntax, you simply use HTML itself. There&#039;s no need to preface it or delimit it to indicate that you&#039;re switching from Markdown to HTML; you just use the tags.</p>
<p>The only restrictions are that block-level HTML elements -- e.g. <code>&lt;div&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;table&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;pre&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;p&gt;</code>, etc. -- must be separated from surrounding content by blank lines, and the start and end tags of the block should not be indented with tabs or spaces. Markdown is smart enough not to add extra (unwanted) <code>&lt;p&gt;</code> tags around HTML block-level tags.</p>
<p>For example, to add an HTML table to a Markdown article:</p>
<pre><code>This is a regular paragraph.

&lt;table&gt;
    &lt;tr&gt;
        &lt;td&gt;Foo&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

This is another regular paragraph.</code></pre>
<p>Note that Markdown formatting syntax is not processed within block-level HTML tags. E.g., you can&#039;t use Markdown-style <code>*emphasis*</code> inside an HTML block.</p>
<p>Span-level HTML tags -- e.g. <code>&lt;span&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;cite&gt;</code>, or <code>&lt;del&gt;</code> -- can be used anywhere in a Markdown paragraph, list item, or header. If you want, you can even use HTML tags instead of Markdown formatting; e.g. if you&#039;d prefer to use HTML <code>&lt;a&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> tags instead of Markdown&#039;s link or image syntax, go right ahead.</p>
<p>Unlike block-level HTML tags, Markdown syntax <em>is</em> processed within span-level tags.</p>
<h3 id="autoescape">Automatic Escaping for Special Characters</h3>
<p>In HTML, there are two characters that demand special treatment: <code>&lt;</code> and <code>&amp;</code>. Left angle brackets are used to start tags; ampersands are used to denote HTML entities. If you want to use them as literal characters, you must escape them as entities, e.g. <code>&amp;lt;</code>, and <code>&amp;amp;</code>.</p>
<p>Ampersands in particular are bedeviling for web writers. If you want to write about &#039;AT&amp;T&#039;, you need to write &#039;<code>AT&amp;amp;T</code>&#039;. You even need to escape ampersands within URLs. Thus, if you want to link to:</p>
<pre><code>http://images.google.com/images?num=30&amp;q=larry+bird</code></pre>
<p>you need to encode the URL as:</p>
<pre><code>http://images.google.com/images?num=30&amp;amp;q=larry+bird</code></pre>
<p>in your anchor tag <code>href</code> attribute. Needless to say, this is easy to forget, and is probably the single most common source of HTML validation errors in otherwise well-marked-up web sites.</p>
<p>Markdown allows you to use these characters naturally, taking care of all the necessary escaping for you. If you use an ampersand as part of an HTML entity, it remains unchanged; otherwise it will be translated into <code>&amp;amp;</code>.</p>
<p>So, if you want to include a copyright symbol in your article, you can write:</p>
<pre><code>&amp;copy;</code></pre>
<p>and Markdown will leave it alone. But if you write:</p>
<pre><code>AT&amp;T</code></pre>
<p>Markdown will translate it to:</p>
<pre><code>AT&amp;amp;T</code></pre>
<p>Similarly, because Markdown supports <a href="#html">inline HTML</a>, if you use angle brackets as delimiters for HTML tags, Markdown will treat them as such. But if you write:</p>
<pre><code>4 &lt; 5</code></pre>
<p>Markdown will translate it to:</p>
<pre><code>4 &amp;lt; 5</code></pre>
<p>However, inside Markdown code spans and blocks, angle brackets and ampersands are <em>always</em> encoded automatically. This makes it easy to use Markdown to write about HTML code. (As opposed to raw HTML, which is a terrible format for writing about HTML syntax, because every single <code>&lt;</code> and <code>&amp;</code> in your example code needs to be escaped.)</p>
<hr />
<h2 id="block">Block Elements</h2>
<h3 id="p">Paragraphs and Line Breaks</h3>
<p>A paragraph is simply one or more consecutive lines of text, separated by one or more blank lines. (A blank line is any line that looks like a blank line -- a line containing nothing but spaces or tabs is considered blank.) Normal paragraphs should not be indented with spaces or tabs.</p>
<p>The implication of the &quot;one or more consecutive lines of text&quot; rule is that Markdown supports &quot;hard-wrapped&quot; text paragraphs. This differs significantly from most other text-to-HTML formatters (including Movable Type&#039;s &quot;Convert Line Breaks&quot; option) which translate every line break character in a paragraph into a <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code> tag.</p>
<p>When you <em>do</em> want to insert a <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code> break tag using Markdown, you end a line with two or more spaces, then type return.</p>
<p>Yes, this takes a tad more effort to create a <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code>, but a simplistic &quot;every line break is a <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code>&quot; rule wouldn&#039;t work for Markdown. Markdown&#039;s email-style <a href="#blockquote">blockquoting</a> and multi-paragraph <a href="#list">list items</a> work best -- and look better -- when you format them with hard breaks.</p>
<h3 id="header">Headers</h3>
<p>Markdown supports two styles of headers, <a href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/mirror/setext.html">Setext</a> and <a href="http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/atx/">atx</a>.</p>
<p>Setext-style headers are &quot;underlined&quot; using equal signs (for first-level headers) and dashes (for second-level headers). For example:</p>
<pre><code>This is an H1
=============

This is an H2
-------------</code></pre>
<p>Any number of underlining <code>=</code>&#039;s or <code>-</code>&#039;s will work.</p>
<p>Atx-style headers use 1-6 hash characters at the start of the line, corresponding to header levels 1-6. For example:</p>
<pre><code># This is an H1

## This is an H2

###### This is an H6</code></pre>
<p>Optionally, you may &quot;close&quot; atx-style headers. This is purely cosmetic -- you can use this if you think it looks better. The closing hashes don&#039;t even need to match the number of hashes used to open the header. (The number of opening hashes determines the header level.) :</p>
<pre><code># This is an H1 #

## This is an H2 ##

### This is an H3 ######</code></pre>
<h3 id="blockquote">Blockquotes</h3>
<p>Markdown uses email-style <code>&gt;</code> characters for blockquoting. If you&#039;re familiar with quoting passages of text in an email message, then you know how to create a blockquote in Markdown. It looks best if you hard wrap the text and put a <code>&gt;</code> before every line:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
&gt; consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.
&gt; Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
&gt; 
&gt; Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse
&gt; id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<p>Markdown allows you to be lazy and only put the <code>&gt;</code> before the first line of a hard-wrapped paragraph:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.
Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.

&gt; Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse
id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<p>Blockquotes can be nested (i.e. a blockquote-in-a-blockquote) by adding additional levels of <code>&gt;</code>:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is the first level of quoting.
&gt;
&gt; &gt; This is nested blockquote.
&gt;
&gt; Back to the first level.</code></pre>
<p>Blockquotes can contain other Markdown elements, including headers, lists, and code blocks:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; ## This is a header.
&gt; 
&gt; 1.   This is the first list item.
&gt; 2.   This is the second list item.
&gt; 
&gt; Here&#039;s some example code:
&gt; 
&gt;     return shell_exec(&quot;echo $input | $markdown_script&quot;);</code></pre>
<p>Any decent text editor should make email-style quoting easy. For example, with BBEdit, you can make a selection and choose Increase Quote Level from the Text menu.</p>
<h3 id="list">Lists</h3>
<p>Markdown supports ordered (numbered) and unordered (bulleted) lists.</p>
<p>Unordered lists use asterisks, pluses, and hyphens -- interchangably -- as list markers:</p>
<pre><code>*   Red
*   Green
*   Blue</code></pre>
<p>is equivalent to:</p>
<pre><code>+   Red
+   Green
+   Blue</code></pre>
<p>and:</p>
<pre><code>-   Red
-   Green
-   Blue</code></pre>
<p>Ordered lists use numbers followed by periods:</p>
<pre><code>1.  Bird
2.  McHale
3.  Parish</code></pre>
<p>It&#039;s important to note that the actual numbers you use to mark the list have no effect on the HTML output Markdown produces. The HTML Markdown produces from the above list is:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Bird&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;McHale&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Parish&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;</code></pre>
<p>If you instead wrote the list in Markdown like this:</p>
<pre><code>1.  Bird
1.  McHale
1.  Parish</code></pre>
<p>or even:</p>
<pre><code>3. Bird
1. McHale
8. Parish</code></pre>
<p>you&#039;d get the exact same HTML output. The point is, if you want to, you can use ordinal numbers in your ordered Markdown lists, so that the numbers in your source match the numbers in your published HTML. But if you want to be lazy, you don&#039;t have to.</p>
<p>If you do use lazy list numbering, however, you should still start the list with the number 1. At some point in the future, Markdown may support starting ordered lists at an arbitrary number.</p>
<p>List markers typically start at the left margin, but may be indented by up to three spaces. List markers must be followed by one or more spaces or a tab.</p>
<p>To make lists look nice, you can wrap items with hanging indents:</p>
<pre><code>*   Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
    Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi,
    viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
*   Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.
    Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<p>But if you want to be lazy, you don&#039;t have to:</p>
<pre><code>*   Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi,
viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
*   Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.
Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<p>If list items are separated by blank lines, Markdown will wrap the items in <code>&lt;p&gt;</code> tags in the HTML output. For example, this input:</p>
<pre><code>*   Bird
*   Magic</code></pre>
<p>will turn into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Bird&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Magic&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</code></pre>
<p>But this:</p>
<pre><code>*   Bird

*   Magic</code></pre>
<p>will turn into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bird&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Magic&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</code></pre>
<p>List items may consist of multiple paragraphs. Each subsequent paragraph in a list item must be indented by either 4 spaces or one tab:</p>
<pre><code>1.  This is a list item with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor
    sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit
    mi posuere lectus.

    Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet
    vitae, risus. Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum
    sit amet velit.

2.  Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<p>It looks nice if you indent every line of the subsequent paragraphs, but here again, Markdown will allow you to be lazy:</p>
<pre><code>*   This is a list item with two paragraphs.

    This is the second paragraph in the list item. You&#039;re
only required to indent the first line. Lorem ipsum dolor
sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.

*   Another item in the same list.</code></pre>
<p>To put a blockquote within a list item, the blockquote&#039;s <code>&gt;</code> delimiters need to be indented:</p>
<pre><code>*   A list item with a blockquote:

    &gt; This is a blockquote
    &gt; inside a list item.</code></pre>
<p>To put a code block within a list item, the code block needs to be indented <em>twice</em> -- 8 spaces or two tabs:</p>
<pre><code>*   A list item with a code block:

        &lt;code goes here&gt;</code></pre>
<p>It&#039;s worth noting that it&#039;s possible to trigger an ordered list by accident, by writing something like this:</p>
<pre><code>1986. What a great season.</code></pre>
<p>In other words, a <em>number-period-space</em> sequence at the beginning of a line. To avoid this, you can backslash-escape the period:</p>
<pre><code>1986\. What a great season.</code></pre>
<h3 id="precode">Code Blocks</h3>
<p>Pre-formatted code blocks are used for writing about programming or markup source code. Rather than forming normal paragraphs, the lines of a code block are interpreted literally. Markdown wraps a code block in both <code>&lt;pre&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;code&gt;</code> tags.</p>
<p>To produce a code block in Markdown, simply indent every line of the block by at least 4 spaces or 1 tab. For example, given this input:</p>
<pre><code>This is a normal paragraph:

    This is a code block.</code></pre>
<p>Markdown will generate:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;This is a normal paragraph:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;This is a code block.
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<p>One level of indentation -- 4 spaces or 1 tab -- is removed from each line of the code block. For example, this:</p>
<pre><code>Here is an example of AppleScript:

    tell application &quot;Foo&quot;
        beep
    end tell</code></pre>
<p>will turn into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of AppleScript:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tell application &quot;Foo&quot;
    beep
end tell
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<p>A code block continues until it reaches a line that is not indented (or the end of the article).</p>
<p>Within a code block, ampersands (<code>&amp;</code>) and angle brackets (<code>&lt;</code> and <code>&gt;</code>) are automatically converted into HTML entities. This makes it very easy to include example HTML source code using Markdown -- just paste it and indent it, and Markdown will handle the hassle of encoding the ampersands and angle brackets. For example, this:</p>
<pre><code>    &lt;div class=&quot;footer&quot;&gt;
        &amp;copy; 2004 Foo Corporation
    &lt;/div&gt;</code></pre>
<p>will turn into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;footer&quot;&amp;gt;
    &amp;amp;copy; 2004 Foo Corporation
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Regular Markdown syntax is not processed within code blocks. E.g., asterisks are just literal asterisks within a code block. This means it&#039;s also easy to use Markdown to write about Markdown&#039;s own syntax.</p>
<h3 id="hr">Horizontal Rules</h3>
<p>You can produce a horizontal rule tag (<code>&lt;hr /&gt;</code>) by placing three or more hyphens, asterisks, or underscores on a line by themselves. If you wish, you may use spaces between the hyphens or asterisks. Each of the following lines will produce a horizontal rule:</p>
<pre><code>* * *

***

*****

- - -

---------------------------------------</code></pre>
<hr />
<h2 id="span">Span Elements</h2>
<h3 id="link">Links</h3>
<p>Markdown supports two style of links: <em>inline</em> and <em>reference</em>.</p>
<p>In both styles, the link text is delimited by [square brackets].</p>
<p>To create an inline link, use a set of regular parentheses immediately after the link text&#039;s closing square bracket. Inside the parentheses, put the URL where you want the link to point, along with an <em>optional</em> title for the link, surrounded in quotes. For example:</p>
<pre><code>This is [an example](http://example.com/ &quot;Title&quot;) inline link.

[This link](http://example.net/) has no title attribute.</code></pre>
<p>Will produce:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;a href=&quot;http://example.com/&quot; title=&quot;Title&quot;&gt;
an example&lt;/a&gt; inline link.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://example.net/&quot;&gt;This link&lt;/a&gt; has no
title attribute.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>If you&#039;re referring to a local resource on the same server, you can use relative paths:</p>
<pre><code>See my [About](/about/) page for details.   </code></pre>
<p>Reference-style links use a second set of square brackets, inside which you place a label of your choosing to identify the link:</p>
<pre><code>This is [an example][id] reference-style link.</code></pre>
<p>You can optionally use a space to separate the sets of brackets:</p>
<pre><code>This is [an example] [id] reference-style link.</code></pre>
<p>Then, anywhere in the document, you define your link label like this, on a line by itself:</p>
<pre><code>[id]: http://example.com/  &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;</code></pre>
<p>That is:</p>
<ul>
<li>Square brackets containing the link identifier (optionally indented from the left margin using up to three spaces);</li>
<li>followed by a colon;</li>
<li>followed by one or more spaces (or tabs);</li>
<li>followed by the URL for the link;</li>
<li>optionally followed by a title attribute for the link, enclosed in double or single quotes, or enclosed in parentheses.</li>
</ul>
<p>The following three link definitions are equivalent:</p>
<pre><code>[foo]: http://example.com/  &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;
[foo]: http://example.com/  &#039;Optional Title Here&#039;
[foo]: http://example.com/  (Optional Title Here)</code></pre>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> There is a known bug in Markdown.pl 1.0.1 which prevents single quotes from being used to delimit link titles.</p>
<p>The link URL may, optionally, be surrounded by angle brackets:</p>
<pre><code>[id]: &lt;http://example.com/&gt;  &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;</code></pre>
<p>You can put the title attribute on the next line and use extra spaces or tabs for padding, which tends to look better with longer URLs:</p>
<pre><code>[id]: http://example.com/longish/path/to/resource/here
    &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;</code></pre>
<p>Link definitions are only used for creating links during Markdown processing, and are stripped from your document in the HTML output.</p>
<p>Link definition names may consist of letters, numbers, spaces, and punctuation -- but they are <em>not</em> case sensitive. E.g. these two links:</p>
<pre><code>[link text][a]
[link text][A]</code></pre>
<p>are equivalent.</p>
<p>The <em>implicit link name</em> shortcut allows you to omit the name of the link, in which case the link text itself is used as the name. Just use an empty set of square brackets -- e.g., to link the word &quot;Google&quot; to the google.com web site, you could simply write:</p>
<pre><code>[Google][]</code></pre>
<p>And then define the link:</p>
<pre><code>[Google]: http://google.com/</code></pre>
<p>Because link names may contain spaces, this shortcut even works for multiple words in the link text:</p>
<pre><code>Visit [Daring Fireball][] for more information.</code></pre>
<p>And then define the link:</p>
<pre><code>[Daring Fireball]: http://daringfireball.net/</code></pre>
<p>Link definitions can be placed anywhere in your Markdown document. I tend to put them immediately after each paragraph in which they&#039;re used, but if you want, you can put them all at the end of your document, sort of like footnotes.</p>
<p>Here&#039;s an example of reference links in action:</p>
<pre><code>I get 10 times more traffic from [Google] [1] than from
[Yahoo] [2] or [MSN] [3].

  [1]: http://google.com/        &quot;Google&quot;
  [2]: http://search.yahoo.com/  &quot;Yahoo Search&quot;
  [3]: http://search.msn.com/    &quot;MSN Search&quot;</code></pre>
<p>Using the implicit link name shortcut, you could instead write:</p>
<pre><code>I get 10 times more traffic from [Google][] than from
[Yahoo][] or [MSN][].

  [google]: http://google.com/        &quot;Google&quot;
  [yahoo]:  http://search.yahoo.com/  &quot;Yahoo Search&quot;
  [msn]:    http://search.msn.com/    &quot;MSN Search&quot;</code></pre>
<p>Both of the above examples will produce the following HTML output:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;I get 10 times more traffic from &lt;a href=&quot;http://google.com/&quot;
title=&quot;Google&quot;&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt; than from
&lt;a href=&quot;http://search.yahoo.com/&quot; title=&quot;Yahoo Search&quot;&gt;Yahoo&lt;/a&gt;
or &lt;a href=&quot;http://search.msn.com/&quot; title=&quot;MSN Search&quot;&gt;MSN&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>For comparison, here is the same paragraph written using Markdown&#039;s inline link style:</p>
<pre><code>I get 10 times more traffic from [Google](http://google.com/ &quot;Google&quot;)
than from [Yahoo](http://search.yahoo.com/ &quot;Yahoo Search&quot;) or
[MSN](http://search.msn.com/ &quot;MSN Search&quot;).</code></pre>
<p>The point of reference-style links is not that they&#039;re easier to write. The point is that with reference-style links, your document source is vastly more readable. Compare the above examples: using reference-style links, the paragraph itself is only 81 characters long; with inline-style links, it&#039;s 176 characters; and as raw HTML, it&#039;s 234 characters. In the raw HTML, there&#039;s more markup than there is text.</p>
<p>With Markdown&#039;s reference-style links, a source document much more closely resembles the final output, as rendered in a browser. By allowing you to move the markup-related metadata out of the paragraph, you can add links without interrupting the narrative flow of your prose.</p>
<h3 id="em">Emphasis</h3>
<p>Markdown treats asterisks (<code>*</code>) and underscores (<code>_</code>) as indicators of emphasis. Text wrapped with one <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> will be wrapped with an HTML <code>&lt;em&gt;</code> tag; double <code>*</code>&#039;s or <code>_</code>&#039;s will be wrapped with an HTML <code>&lt;strong&gt;</code> tag. E.g., this input:</p>
<pre><code>*single asterisks*

_single underscores_

**double asterisks**

__double underscores__</code></pre>
<p>will produce:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;em&gt;single asterisks&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;em&gt;single underscores&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;double asterisks&lt;/strong&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;double underscores&lt;/strong&gt;</code></pre>
<p>You can use whichever style you prefer; the lone restriction is that the same character must be used to open and close an emphasis span.</p>
<p>Emphasis can be used in the middle of a word:</p>
<pre><code>un*frigging*believable</code></pre>
<p>But if you surround an <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> with spaces, it&#039;ll be treated as a literal asterisk or underscore.</p>
<p>To produce a literal asterisk or underscore at a position where it would otherwise be used as an emphasis delimiter, you can backslash escape it:</p>
<pre><code>\*this text is surrounded by literal asterisks\*</code></pre>
<h3 id="code">Code</h3>
<p>To indicate a span of code, wrap it with backtick quotes (<code>`</code>). Unlike a pre-formatted code block, a code span indicates code within a normal paragraph. For example:</p>
<pre><code>Use the `printf()` function.</code></pre>
<p>will produce:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Use the &lt;code&gt;printf()&lt;/code&gt; function.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>To include a literal backtick character within a code span, you can use multiple backticks as the opening and closing delimiters:</p>
<pre><code>``There is a literal backtick (`) here.``</code></pre>
<p>which will produce this:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;There is a literal backtick (`) here.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>The backtick delimiters surrounding a code span may include spaces -- one after the opening, one before the closing. This allows you to place literal backtick characters at the beginning or end of a code span:</p>
<pre><code>A single backtick in a code span: `` ` ``

A backtick-delimited string in a code span: `` `foo` ``</code></pre>
<p>will produce:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;A single backtick in a code span: &lt;code&gt;`&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A backtick-delimited string in a code span: &lt;code&gt;`foo`&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>With a code span, ampersands and angle brackets are encoded as HTML entities automatically, which makes it easy to include example HTML tags. Markdown will turn this:</p>
<pre><code>Please don&#039;t use any `&lt;blink&gt;` tags.</code></pre>
<p>into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Please don&#039;t use any &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;blink&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>You can write this:</p>
<pre><code>`&amp;#8212;` is the decimal-encoded equivalent of `&amp;mdash;`.</code></pre>
<p>to produce:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;#8212;&lt;/code&gt; is the decimal-encoded
equivalent of &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;mdash;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<h3 id="img">Images</h3>
<p>Admittedly, it&#039;s fairly difficult to devise a &quot;natural&quot; syntax for placing images into a plain text document format.</p>
<p>Markdown uses an image syntax that is intended to resemble the syntax for links, allowing for two styles: <em>inline</em> and <em>reference</em>.</p>
<p>Inline image syntax looks like this:</p>
<pre><code>![Alt text](/path/to/img.jpg)

![Alt text](/path/to/img.jpg &quot;Optional title&quot;)</code></pre>
<p>That is:</p>
<ul>
<li>An exclamation mark: <code>!</code>;</li>
<li>followed by a set of square brackets, containing the <code>alt</code> attribute text for the image;</li>
<li>followed by a set of parentheses, containing the URL or path to the image, and an optional <code>title</code> attribute enclosed in double or single quotes.</li>
</ul>
<p>Reference-style image syntax looks like this:</p>
<pre><code>![Alt text][id]</code></pre>
<p>Where &quot;id&quot; is the name of a defined image reference. Image references are defined using syntax identical to link references:</p>
<pre><code>[id]: url/to/image  &quot;Optional title attribute&quot;</code></pre>
<p>As of this writing, Markdown has no syntax for specifying the dimensions of an image; if this is important to you, you can simply use regular HTML <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> tags.</p>
<hr />
<h2 id="misc">Miscellaneous</h2>
<h3 id="autolink">Automatic Links</h3>
<p>Markdown supports a shortcut style for creating &quot;automatic&quot; links for URLs and email addresses: simply surround the URL or email address with angle brackets. What this means is that if you want to show the actual text of a URL or email address, and also have it be a clickable link, you can do this:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Markdown will turn this into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;a href=&quot;http://example.com/&quot;&gt;http://example.com/&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Automatic links for email addresses work similarly, except that Markdown will also perform a bit of randomized decimal and hex entity-encoding to help obscure your address from address-harvesting spambots. For example, Markdown will turn this:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;address@example.com&gt;</code></pre>
<p>into something like this:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;a href=&quot;&amp;#x6D;&amp;#x61;i&amp;#x6C;&amp;#x74;&amp;#x6F;:&amp;#x61;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x72;&amp;#x65;
&amp;#115;&amp;#115;&amp;#64;&amp;#101;&amp;#120;&amp;#x61;&amp;#109;&amp;#x70;&amp;#x6C;e&amp;#x2E;&amp;#99;&amp;#111;
&amp;#109;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x72;&amp;#x65;&amp;#115;&amp;#115;&amp;#64;&amp;#101;&amp;#120;&amp;#x61;
&amp;#109;&amp;#x70;&amp;#x6C;e&amp;#x2E;&amp;#99;&amp;#111;&amp;#109;&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre>
<p>which will render in a browser as a clickable link to &quot;address@example.com&quot;.</p>
<p>(This sort of entity-encoding trick will indeed fool many, if not most, address-harvesting bots, but it definitely won&#039;t fool all of them. It&#039;s better than nothing, but an address published in this way will probably eventually start receiving spam.)</p>
<h3 id="backslash">Backslash Escapes</h3>
<p>Markdown allows you to use backslash escapes to generate literal characters which would otherwise have special meaning in Markdown&#039;s formatting syntax. For example, if you wanted to surround a word with literal asterisks (instead of an HTML <code>&lt;em&gt;</code> tag), you can use backslashes before the asterisks, like this:</p>
<pre><code>\*literal asterisks\*</code></pre>
<p>Markdown provides backslash escapes for the following characters:</p>
<pre><code>\   backslash
`   backtick
*   asterisk
_   underscore
{}  curly braces
[]  square brackets
()  parentheses
#   hash mark
+   plus sign
-   minus sign (hyphen)
.   dot
!   exclamation mark</code></pre></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Markdown: Syntax</h1>
<ul id="ProjectSubmenu">
    <li><a href="/projects/markdown/" title="Markdown Project Page">Main</a></li>
    <li><a href="/projects/markdown/basics" title="Markdown Basics">Basics</a></li>
    <li><a class="selected" title="Markdown Syntax Documentation">Syntax</a></li>
    <li><a href="/projects/markdown/license" title="Pricing and License Information">License</a></li>
    <li><a href="/projects/markdown/dingus" title="Online Markdown Web Form">Dingus</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#overview">Overview</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#philosophy">Philosophy</a></li>
<li><a href="#html">Inline HTML</a></li>
<li><a href="#autoescape">Automatic Escaping for Special
Characters</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#block">Block Elements</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#p">Paragraphs and Line Breaks</a></li>
<li><a href="#header">Headers</a></li>
<li><a href="#blockquote">Blockquotes</a></li>
<li><a href="#list">Lists</a></li>
<li><a href="#precode">Code Blocks</a></li>
<li><a href="#hr">Horizontal Rules</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#span">Span Elements</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#link">Links</a></li>
<li><a href="#em">Emphasis</a></li>
<li><a href="#code">Code</a></li>
<li><a href="#img">Images</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#misc">Miscellaneous</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#backslash">Backslash Escapes</a></li>
<li><a href="#autolink">Automatic Links</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> This document is itself written using
Markdown; you can <a href="/projects/markdown/syntax.text">see the
source for it by adding '.text' to the URL</a>.</p>
<hr />
<h2 id="overview">Overview</h2>
<h3 id="philosophy">Philosophy</h3>
<p>Markdown is intended to be as easy-to-read and easy-to-write as is
feasible.</p>
<p>Readability, however, is emphasized above all else. A
Markdown-formatted document should be publishable as-is, as plain text,
without looking like it's been marked up with tags or formatting
instructions. While Markdown's syntax has been influenced by several
existing text-to-HTML filters -- including <a
href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/mirror/setext.html">Setext</a>, <a
href="http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/atx/">atx</a>, <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021226035527/http://textism.com/tools/textile/">Textile</a>,
<a href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html">reStructuredText</a>,
<a href="http://www.triptico.com/software/grutatxt.html">Grutatext</a>,
and <a href="http://ettext.taint.org/doc/">EtText</a> -- the single
biggest source of inspiration for Markdown's syntax is the format of
plain text email.</p>
<p>To this end, Markdown's syntax is comprised entirely of punctuation
characters, which punctuation characters have been carefully chosen so
as to look like what they mean. E.g., asterisks around a word actually
look like *emphasis*. Markdown lists look like, well, lists. Even
blockquotes look like quoted passages of text, assuming you've ever used
email.</p>
<h3 id="html">Inline HTML</h3>
<p>Markdown's syntax is intended for one purpose: to be used as a format
for <em>writing</em> for the web.</p>
<p>Markdown is not a replacement for HTML, or even close to it. Its
syntax is very small, corresponding only to a very small subset of HTML
tags. The idea is <em>not</em> to create a syntax that makes it easier
to insert HTML tags. In my opinion, HTML tags are already easy to
insert. The idea for Markdown is to make it easy to read, write, and
edit prose. HTML is a <em>publishing</em> format; Markdown is a
<em>writing</em> format. Thus, Markdown's formatting syntax only
addresses issues that can be conveyed in plain text.</p>
<p>For any markup that is not covered by Markdown's syntax, you simply
use HTML itself. There's no need to preface it or delimit it to indicate
that you're switching from Markdown to HTML; you just use the tags.</p>
<p>The only restrictions are that block-level HTML elements -- e.g.
<code>&lt;div&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;table&gt;</code>,
<code>&lt;pre&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;p&gt;</code>, etc. -- must be
separated from surrounding content by blank lines, and the start and end
tags of the block should not be indented with tabs or spaces. Markdown
is smart enough not to add extra (unwanted) <code>&lt;p&gt;</code> tags
around HTML block-level tags.</p>
<p>For example, to add an HTML table to a Markdown article:</p>
<pre><code>This is a regular paragraph.

&lt;table&gt;
    &lt;tr&gt;
        &lt;td&gt;Foo&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

This is another regular paragraph.</code></pre>
<p>Note that Markdown formatting syntax is not processed within
block-level HTML tags. E.g., you can't use Markdown-style
<code>*emphasis*</code> inside an HTML block.</p>
<p>Span-level HTML tags -- e.g. <code>&lt;span&gt;</code>,
<code>&lt;cite&gt;</code>, or <code>&lt;del&gt;</code> -- can be used
anywhere in a Markdown paragraph, list item, or header. If you want, you
can even use HTML tags instead of Markdown formatting; e.g. if you'd
prefer to use HTML <code>&lt;a&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;img&gt;</code>
tags instead of Markdown's link or image syntax, go right ahead.</p>
<p>Unlike block-level HTML tags, Markdown syntax <em>is</em> processed
within span-level tags.</p>
<h3 id="autoescape">Automatic Escaping for Special Characters</h3>
<p>In HTML, there are two characters that demand special treatment:
<code>&lt;</code> and <code>&amp;</code>. Left angle brackets are used
to start tags; ampersands are used to denote HTML entities. If you want
to use them as literal characters, you must escape them as entities,
e.g. <code>&amp;lt;</code>, and <code>&amp;amp;</code>.</p>
<p>Ampersands in particular are bedeviling for web writers. If you want
to write about 'AT&amp;T', you need to write
'<code>AT&amp;amp;T</code>'. You even need to escape ampersands within
URLs. Thus, if you want to link to:</p>
<pre><code>http://images.google.com/images?num=30&amp;q=larry+bird</code></pre>
<p>you need to encode the URL as:</p>
<pre><code>http://images.google.com/images?num=30&amp;amp;q=larry+bird</code></pre>
<p>in your anchor tag <code>href</code> attribute. Needless to say, this
is easy to forget, and is probably the single most common source of HTML
validation errors in otherwise well-marked-up web sites.</p>
<p>Markdown allows you to use these characters naturally, taking care of
all the necessary escaping for you. If you use an ampersand as part of
an HTML entity, it remains unchanged; otherwise it will be translated
into <code>&amp;amp;</code>.</p>
<p>So, if you want to include a copyright symbol in your article, you
can write:</p>
<pre><code>&amp;copy;</code></pre>
<p>and Markdown will leave it alone. But if you write:</p>
<pre><code>AT&amp;T</code></pre>
<p>Markdown will translate it to:</p>
<pre><code>AT&amp;amp;T</code></pre>
<p>Similarly, because Markdown supports <a href="#html">inline HTML</a>,
if you use angle brackets as delimiters for HTML tags, Markdown will
treat them as such. But if you write:</p>
<pre><code>4 &lt; 5</code></pre>
<p>Markdown will translate it to:</p>
<pre><code>4 &amp;lt; 5</code></pre>
<p>However, inside Markdown code spans and blocks, angle brackets and
ampersands are <em>always</em> encoded automatically. This makes it easy
to use Markdown to write about HTML code. (As opposed to raw HTML, which
is a terrible format for writing about HTML syntax, because every single
<code>&lt;</code> and <code>&amp;</code> in your example code needs to
be escaped.)</p>
<hr />
<h2 id="block">Block Elements</h2>
<h3 id="p">Paragraphs and Line Breaks</h3>
<p>A paragraph is simply one or more consecutive lines of text,
separated by one or more blank lines. (A blank line is any line that
looks like a blank line -- a line containing nothing but spaces or tabs
is considered blank.) Normal paragraphs should not be indented with
spaces or tabs.</p>
<p>The implication of the "one or more consecutive lines of text" rule
is that Markdown supports "hard-wrapped" text paragraphs. This differs
significantly from most other text-to-HTML formatters (including Movable
Type's "Convert Line Breaks" option) which translate every line break
character in a paragraph into a <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code> tag.</p>
<p>When you <em>do</em> want to insert a <code>&lt;br /&gt;</code> break
tag using Markdown, you end a line with two or more spaces, then type
return.</p>
<p>Yes, this takes a tad more effort to create a
<code>&lt;br /&gt;</code>, but a simplistic "every line break is a
<code>&lt;br /&gt;</code>" rule wouldn't work for Markdown. Markdown's
email-style <a href="#blockquote">blockquoting</a> and multi-paragraph
<a href="#list">list items</a> work best -- and look better -- when you
format them with hard breaks.</p>
<h3 id="header">Headers</h3>
<p>Markdown supports two styles of headers, <a
href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/mirror/setext.html">Setext</a> and
<a href="http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/atx/">atx</a>.</p>
<p>Setext-style headers are "underlined" using equal signs (for
first-level headers) and dashes (for second-level headers). For
example:</p>
<pre><code>This is an H1
=============

This is an H2
-------------</code></pre>
<p>Any number of underlining <code>=</code>'s or <code>-</code>'s will
work.</p>
<p>Atx-style headers use 1-6 hash characters at the start of the line,
corresponding to header levels 1-6. For example:</p>
<pre><code># This is an H1

## This is an H2

###### This is an H6</code></pre>
<p>Optionally, you may "close" atx-style headers. This is purely
cosmetic -- you can use this if you think it looks better. The closing
hashes don't even need to match the number of hashes used to open the
header. (The number of opening hashes determines the header level.)
:</p>
<pre><code># This is an H1 #

## This is an H2 ##

### This is an H3 ######</code></pre>
<h3 id="blockquote">Blockquotes</h3>
<p>Markdown uses email-style <code>&gt;</code> characters for
blockquoting. If you're familiar with quoting passages of text in an
email message, then you know how to create a blockquote in Markdown. It
looks best if you hard wrap the text and put a <code>&gt;</code> before
every line:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
&gt; consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.
&gt; Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
&gt; 
&gt; Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse
&gt; id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<p>Markdown allows you to be lazy and only put the <code>&gt;</code>
before the first line of a hard-wrapped paragraph:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.
Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.

&gt; Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse
id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<p>Blockquotes can be nested (i.e. a blockquote-in-a-blockquote) by
adding additional levels of <code>&gt;</code>:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; This is the first level of quoting.
&gt;
&gt; &gt; This is nested blockquote.
&gt;
&gt; Back to the first level.</code></pre>
<p>Blockquotes can contain other Markdown elements, including headers,
lists, and code blocks:</p>
<pre><code>&gt; ## This is a header.
&gt; 
&gt; 1.   This is the first list item.
&gt; 2.   This is the second list item.
&gt; 
&gt; Here&#39;s some example code:
&gt; 
&gt;     return shell_exec(&quot;echo $input | $markdown_script&quot;);</code></pre>
<p>Any decent text editor should make email-style quoting easy. For
example, with BBEdit, you can make a selection and choose Increase Quote
Level from the Text menu.</p>
<h3 id="list">Lists</h3>
<p>Markdown supports ordered (numbered) and unordered (bulleted)
lists.</p>
<p>Unordered lists use asterisks, pluses, and hyphens -- interchangably
-- as list markers:</p>
<pre><code>*   Red
*   Green
*   Blue</code></pre>
<p>is equivalent to:</p>
<pre><code>+   Red
+   Green
+   Blue</code></pre>
<p>and:</p>
<pre><code>-   Red
-   Green
-   Blue</code></pre>
<p>Ordered lists use numbers followed by periods:</p>
<pre><code>1.  Bird
2.  McHale
3.  Parish</code></pre>
<p>It's important to note that the actual numbers you use to mark the
list have no effect on the HTML output Markdown produces. The HTML
Markdown produces from the above list is:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Bird&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;McHale&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Parish&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;</code></pre>
<p>If you instead wrote the list in Markdown like this:</p>
<pre><code>1.  Bird
1.  McHale
1.  Parish</code></pre>
<p>or even:</p>
<pre><code>3. Bird
1. McHale
8. Parish</code></pre>
<p>you'd get the exact same HTML output. The point is, if you want to,
you can use ordinal numbers in your ordered Markdown lists, so that the
numbers in your source match the numbers in your published HTML. But if
you want to be lazy, you don't have to.</p>
<p>If you do use lazy list numbering, however, you should still start
the list with the number 1. At some point in the future, Markdown may
support starting ordered lists at an arbitrary number.</p>
<p>List markers typically start at the left margin, but may be indented
by up to three spaces. List markers must be followed by one or more
spaces or a tab.</p>
<p>To make lists look nice, you can wrap items with hanging indents:</p>
<pre><code>*   Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
    Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi,
    viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
*   Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.
    Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<p>But if you want to be lazy, you don't have to:</p>
<pre><code>*   Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi,
viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
*   Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.
Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<p>If list items are separated by blank lines, Markdown will wrap the
items in <code>&lt;p&gt;</code> tags in the HTML output. For example,
this input:</p>
<pre><code>*   Bird
*   Magic</code></pre>
<p>will turn into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Bird&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Magic&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</code></pre>
<p>But this:</p>
<pre><code>*   Bird

*   Magic</code></pre>
<p>will turn into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bird&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Magic&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</code></pre>
<p>List items may consist of multiple paragraphs. Each subsequent
paragraph in a list item must be indented by either 4 spaces or one
tab:</p>
<pre><code>1.  This is a list item with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor
    sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit
    mi posuere lectus.

    Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet
    vitae, risus. Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum
    sit amet velit.

2.  Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.</code></pre>
<p>It looks nice if you indent every line of the subsequent paragraphs,
but here again, Markdown will allow you to be lazy:</p>
<pre><code>*   This is a list item with two paragraphs.

    This is the second paragraph in the list item. You&#39;re
only required to indent the first line. Lorem ipsum dolor
sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.

*   Another item in the same list.</code></pre>
<p>To put a blockquote within a list item, the blockquote's
<code>&gt;</code> delimiters need to be indented:</p>
<pre><code>*   A list item with a blockquote:

    &gt; This is a blockquote
    &gt; inside a list item.</code></pre>
<p>To put a code block within a list item, the code block needs to be
indented <em>twice</em> -- 8 spaces or two tabs:</p>
<pre><code>*   A list item with a code block:

        &lt;code goes here&gt;</code></pre>
<p>It's worth noting that it's possible to trigger an ordered list by
accident, by writing something like this:</p>
<pre><code>1986. What a great season.</code></pre>
<p>In other words, a <em>number-period-space</em> sequence at the
beginning of a line. To avoid this, you can backslash-escape the
period:</p>
<pre><code>1986\. What a great season.</code></pre>
<h3 id="precode">Code Blocks</h3>
<p>Pre-formatted code blocks are used for writing about programming or
markup source code. Rather than forming normal paragraphs, the lines of
a code block are interpreted literally. Markdown wraps a code block in
both <code>&lt;pre&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;code&gt;</code> tags.</p>
<p>To produce a code block in Markdown, simply indent every line of the
block by at least 4 spaces or 1 tab. For example, given this input:</p>
<pre><code>This is a normal paragraph:

    This is a code block.</code></pre>
<p>Markdown will generate:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;This is a normal paragraph:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;This is a code block.
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<p>One level of indentation -- 4 spaces or 1 tab -- is removed from each
line of the code block. For example, this:</p>
<pre><code>Here is an example of AppleScript:

    tell application &quot;Foo&quot;
        beep
    end tell</code></pre>
<p>will turn into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Here is an example of AppleScript:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;tell application &quot;Foo&quot;
    beep
end tell
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<p>A code block continues until it reaches a line that is not indented
(or the end of the article).</p>
<p>Within a code block, ampersands (<code>&amp;</code>) and angle
brackets (<code>&lt;</code> and <code>&gt;</code>) are automatically
converted into HTML entities. This makes it very easy to include example
HTML source code using Markdown -- just paste it and indent it, and
Markdown will handle the hassle of encoding the ampersands and angle
brackets. For example, this:</p>
<pre><code>    &lt;div class=&quot;footer&quot;&gt;
        &amp;copy; 2004 Foo Corporation
    &lt;/div&gt;</code></pre>
<p>will turn into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;div class=&quot;footer&quot;&amp;gt;
    &amp;amp;copy; 2004 Foo Corporation
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Regular Markdown syntax is not processed within code blocks. E.g.,
asterisks are just literal asterisks within a code block. This means
it's also easy to use Markdown to write about Markdown's own syntax.</p>
<h3 id="hr">Horizontal Rules</h3>
<p>You can produce a horizontal rule tag (<code>&lt;hr /&gt;</code>) by
placing three or more hyphens, asterisks, or underscores on a line by
themselves. If you wish, you may use spaces between the hyphens or
asterisks. Each of the following lines will produce a horizontal
rule:</p>
<pre><code>* * *

***

*****

- - -

---------------------------------------</code></pre>
<hr />
<h2 id="span">Span Elements</h2>
<h3 id="link">Links</h3>
<p>Markdown supports two style of links: <em>inline</em> and
<em>reference</em>.</p>
<p>In both styles, the link text is delimited by [square brackets].</p>
<p>To create an inline link, use a set of regular parentheses
immediately after the link text's closing square bracket. Inside the
parentheses, put the URL where you want the link to point, along with an
<em>optional</em> title for the link, surrounded in quotes. For
example:</p>
<pre><code>This is [an example](http://example.com/ &quot;Title&quot;) inline link.

[This link](http://example.net/) has no title attribute.</code></pre>
<p>Will produce:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;This is &lt;a href=&quot;http://example.com/&quot; title=&quot;Title&quot;&gt;
an example&lt;/a&gt; inline link.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://example.net/&quot;&gt;This link&lt;/a&gt; has no
title attribute.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>If you're referring to a local resource on the same server, you can
use relative paths:</p>
<pre><code>See my [About](/about/) page for details.   </code></pre>
<p>Reference-style links use a second set of square brackets, inside
which you place a label of your choosing to identify the link:</p>
<pre><code>This is [an example][id] reference-style link.</code></pre>
<p>You can optionally use a space to separate the sets of brackets:</p>
<pre><code>This is [an example] [id] reference-style link.</code></pre>
<p>Then, anywhere in the document, you define your link label like this,
on a line by itself:</p>
<pre><code>[id]: http://example.com/  &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;</code></pre>
<p>That is:</p>
<ul>
<li>Square brackets containing the link identifier (optionally indented
from the left margin using up to three spaces);</li>
<li>followed by a colon;</li>
<li>followed by one or more spaces (or tabs);</li>
<li>followed by the URL for the link;</li>
<li>optionally followed by a title attribute for the link, enclosed in
double or single quotes, or enclosed in parentheses.</li>
</ul>
<p>The following three link definitions are equivalent:</p>
<pre><code>[foo]: http://example.com/  &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;
[foo]: http://example.com/  &#39;Optional Title Here&#39;
[foo]: http://example.com/  (Optional Title Here)</code></pre>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> There is a known bug in Markdown.pl 1.0.1
which prevents single quotes from being used to delimit link titles.</p>
<p>The link URL may, optionally, be surrounded by angle brackets:</p>
<pre><code>[id]: &lt;http://example.com/&gt;  &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;</code></pre>
<p>You can put the title attribute on the next line and use extra spaces
or tabs for padding, which tends to look better with longer URLs:</p>
<pre><code>[id]: http://example.com/longish/path/to/resource/here
    &quot;Optional Title Here&quot;</code></pre>
<p>Link definitions are only used for creating links during Markdown
processing, and are stripped from your document in the HTML output.</p>
<p>Link definition names may consist of letters, numbers, spaces, and
punctuation -- but they are <em>not</em> case sensitive. E.g. these two
links:</p>
<pre><code>[link text][a]
[link text][A]</code></pre>
<p>are equivalent.</p>
<p>The <em>implicit link name</em> shortcut allows you to omit the name
of the link, in which case the link text itself is used as the name.
Just use an empty set of square brackets -- e.g., to link the word
"Google" to the google.com web site, you could simply write:</p>
<pre><code>[Google][]</code></pre>
<p>And then define the link:</p>
<pre><code>[Google]: http://google.com/</code></pre>
<p>Because link names may contain spaces, this shortcut even works for
multiple words in the link text:</p>
<pre><code>Visit [Daring Fireball][] for more information.</code></pre>
<p>And then define the link:</p>
<pre><code>[Daring Fireball]: http://daringfireball.net/</code></pre>
<p>Link definitions can be placed anywhere in your Markdown document. I
tend to put them immediately after each paragraph in which they're used,
but if you want, you can put them all at the end of your document, sort
of like footnotes.</p>
<p>Here's an example of reference links in action:</p>
<pre><code>I get 10 times more traffic from [Google] [1] than from
[Yahoo] [2] or [MSN] [3].

  [1]: http://google.com/        &quot;Google&quot;
  [2]: http://search.yahoo.com/  &quot;Yahoo Search&quot;
  [3]: http://search.msn.com/    &quot;MSN Search&quot;</code></pre>
<p>Using the implicit link name shortcut, you could instead write:</p>
<pre><code>I get 10 times more traffic from [Google][] than from
[Yahoo][] or [MSN][].

  [google]: http://google.com/        &quot;Google&quot;
  [yahoo]:  http://search.yahoo.com/  &quot;Yahoo Search&quot;
  [msn]:    http://search.msn.com/    &quot;MSN Search&quot;</code></pre>
<p>Both of the above examples will produce the following HTML
output:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;I get 10 times more traffic from &lt;a href=&quot;http://google.com/&quot;
title=&quot;Google&quot;&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt; than from
&lt;a href=&quot;http://search.yahoo.com/&quot; title=&quot;Yahoo Search&quot;&gt;Yahoo&lt;/a&gt;
or &lt;a href=&quot;http://search.msn.com/&quot; title=&quot;MSN Search&quot;&gt;MSN&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>For comparison, here is the same paragraph written using Markdown's
inline link style:</p>
<pre><code>I get 10 times more traffic from [Google](http://google.com/ &quot;Google&quot;)
than from [Yahoo](http://search.yahoo.com/ &quot;Yahoo Search&quot;) or
[MSN](http://search.msn.com/ &quot;MSN Search&quot;).</code></pre>
<p>The point of reference-style links is not that they're easier to
write. The point is that with reference-style links, your document
source is vastly more readable. Compare the above examples: using
reference-style links, the paragraph itself is only 81 characters long;
with inline-style links, it's 176 characters; and as raw HTML, it's 234
characters. In the raw HTML, there's more markup than there is text.</p>
<p>With Markdown's reference-style links, a source document much more
closely resembles the final output, as rendered in a browser. By
allowing you to move the markup-related metadata out of the paragraph,
you can add links without interrupting the narrative flow of your
prose.</p>
<h3 id="em">Emphasis</h3>
<p>Markdown treats asterisks (<code>*</code>) and underscores
(<code>_</code>) as indicators of emphasis. Text wrapped with one
<code>*</code> or <code>_</code> will be wrapped with an HTML
<code>&lt;em&gt;</code> tag; double <code>*</code>'s or <code>_</code>'s
will be wrapped with an HTML <code>&lt;strong&gt;</code> tag. E.g., this
input:</p>
<pre><code>*single asterisks*

_single underscores_

**double asterisks**

__double underscores__</code></pre>
<p>will produce:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;em&gt;single asterisks&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;em&gt;single underscores&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;double asterisks&lt;/strong&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;double underscores&lt;/strong&gt;</code></pre>
<p>You can use whichever style you prefer; the lone restriction is that
the same character must be used to open and close an emphasis span.</p>
<p>Emphasis can be used in the middle of a word:</p>
<pre><code>un*frigging*believable</code></pre>
<p>But if you surround an <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> with spaces,
it'll be treated as a literal asterisk or underscore.</p>
<p>To produce a literal asterisk or underscore at a position where it
would otherwise be used as an emphasis delimiter, you can backslash
escape it:</p>
<pre><code>\*this text is surrounded by literal asterisks\*</code></pre>
<h3 id="code">Code</h3>
<p>To indicate a span of code, wrap it with backtick quotes
(<code>`</code>). Unlike a pre-formatted code block, a code span
indicates code within a normal paragraph. For example:</p>
<pre><code>Use the `printf()` function.</code></pre>
<p>will produce:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Use the &lt;code&gt;printf()&lt;/code&gt; function.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>To include a literal backtick character within a code span, you can
use multiple backticks as the opening and closing delimiters:</p>
<pre><code>``There is a literal backtick (`) here.``</code></pre>
<p>which will produce this:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;There is a literal backtick (`) here.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>The backtick delimiters surrounding a code span may include spaces --
one after the opening, one before the closing. This allows you to place
literal backtick characters at the beginning or end of a code span:</p>
<pre><code>A single backtick in a code span: `` ` ``

A backtick-delimited string in a code span: `` `foo` ``</code></pre>
<p>will produce:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;A single backtick in a code span: &lt;code&gt;`&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A backtick-delimited string in a code span: &lt;code&gt;`foo`&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>With a code span, ampersands and angle brackets are encoded as HTML
entities automatically, which makes it easy to include example HTML
tags. Markdown will turn this:</p>
<pre><code>Please don&#39;t use any `&lt;blink&gt;` tags.</code></pre>
<p>into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Please don&#39;t use any &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;blink&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<p>You can write this:</p>
<pre><code>`&amp;#8212;` is the decimal-encoded equivalent of `&amp;mdash;`.</code></pre>
<p>to produce:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;#8212;&lt;/code&gt; is the decimal-encoded
equivalent of &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;mdash;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</code></pre>
<h3 id="img">Images</h3>
<p>Admittedly, it's fairly difficult to devise a "natural" syntax for
placing images into a plain text document format.</p>
<p>Markdown uses an image syntax that is intended to resemble the syntax
for links, allowing for two styles: <em>inline</em> and
<em>reference</em>.</p>
<p>Inline image syntax looks like this:</p>
<pre><code>![Alt text](/path/to/img.jpg)

![Alt text](/path/to/img.jpg &quot;Optional title&quot;)</code></pre>
<p>That is:</p>
<ul>
<li>An exclamation mark: <code>!</code>;</li>
<li>followed by a set of square brackets, containing the
<code>alt</code> attribute text for the image;</li>
<li>followed by a set of parentheses, containing the URL or path to the
image, and an optional <code>title</code> attribute enclosed in double
or single quotes.</li>
</ul>
<p>Reference-style image syntax looks like this:</p>
<pre><code>![Alt text][id]</code></pre>
<p>Where "id" is the name of a defined image reference. Image references
are defined using syntax identical to link references:</p>
<pre><code>[id]: url/to/image  &quot;Optional title attribute&quot;</code></pre>
<p>As of this writing, Markdown has no syntax for specifying the
dimensions of an image; if this is important to you, you can simply use
regular HTML <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> tags.</p>
<hr />
<h2 id="misc">Miscellaneous</h2>
<h3 id="autolink">Automatic Links</h3>
<p>Markdown supports a shortcut style for creating "automatic" links for
URLs and email addresses: simply surround the URL or email address with
angle brackets. What this means is that if you want to show the actual
text of a URL or email address, and also have it be a clickable link,
you can do this:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;http://example.com/&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Markdown will turn this into:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;a href=&quot;http://example.com/&quot;&gt;http://example.com/&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre>
<p>Automatic links for email addresses work similarly, except that
Markdown will also perform a bit of randomized decimal and hex
entity-encoding to help obscure your address from address-harvesting
spambots. For example, Markdown will turn this:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;address@example.com&gt;</code></pre>
<p>into something like this:</p>
<pre><code>&lt;a href=&quot;&amp;#x6D;&amp;#x61;i&amp;#x6C;&amp;#x74;&amp;#x6F;:&amp;#x61;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x72;&amp;#x65;
&amp;#115;&amp;#115;&amp;#64;&amp;#101;&amp;#120;&amp;#x61;&amp;#109;&amp;#x70;&amp;#x6C;e&amp;#x2E;&amp;#99;&amp;#111;
&amp;#109;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x61;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x64;&amp;#x72;&amp;#x65;&amp;#115;&amp;#115;&amp;#64;&amp;#101;&amp;#120;&amp;#x61;
&amp;#109;&amp;#x70;&amp;#x6C;e&amp;#x2E;&amp;#99;&amp;#111;&amp;#109;&lt;/a&gt;</code></pre>
<p>which will render in a browser as a clickable link to
"address@example.com".</p>
<p>(This sort of entity-encoding trick will indeed fool many, if not
most, address-harvesting bots, but it definitely won't fool all of them.
It's better than nothing, but an address published in this way will
probably eventually start receiving spam.)</p>
<h3 id="backslash">Backslash Escapes</h3>
<p>Markdown allows you to use backslash escapes to generate literal
characters which would otherwise have special meaning in Markdown's
formatting syntax. For example, if you wanted to surround a word with
literal asterisks (instead of an HTML <code>&lt;em&gt;</code> tag), you
can use backslashes before the asterisks, like this:</p>
<pre><code>\*literal asterisks\*</code></pre>
<p>Markdown provides backslash escapes for the following characters:</p>
<pre><code>\   backslash
`   backtick
*   asterisk
_   underscore
{}  curly braces
[]  square brackets
()  parentheses
#   hash mark
+   plus sign
-   minus sign (hyphen)
.   dot
!   exclamation mark</code></pre>
</body></html>
Handled by the shared Markdown reader implementation-equivalence gate, including strict Markdown profile fixtures in the 137/137 Markdown/native comparison.

mdoc

1 sample

mdoc importctl manual

509 bytes | Feature-rich BSD mdoc manual with metadata, name/description, synopsis, callable inline macros, bullet items, and tagged options.

.Dd July 9, 2026
.Dt IMPORTCTL 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm importctl
.Nd import a document into a WordPress page
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Op Fl f Ar format
.Op Fl n
.Ar input
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm importctl
command converts
.Ar input
into portable blocks and writes media beside the document.
.Bl -bullet
.It
Use
.Fl f
to select a source format.
.It
Use
.Fl n
to omit images.
.El
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Cm verify
Check the generated HTML and block markup.
.It Pa /tmp/imports
Default directory for conversion artifacts.
.El

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>NAME</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>importctl</code> — import a document into a WordPress page</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>SYNOPSIS</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:verse -->
<pre class="wp-block-verse"><code class="Nm">importctl</code> [<code class="Fl">-f</code> <code class="variable">format</code>] [<code class="Fl">-n</code>] <code class="variable">input</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:verse -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>DESCRIPTION</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The <code class="Nm">importctl</code> command converts <code class="variable">input</code> into portable blocks and writes media beside the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Use <code class="Fl">-f</code> to select a source format.</li><li>Use <code class="Fl">-n</code> to omit images.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><code class="Cm">verify</code></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Check the generated HTML and block markup.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong><span class="Pa">/tmp/imports</span></strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Default directory for conversion artifacts.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>NAME</h1>
<p><code>importctl</code> — import a document into a WordPress page</p>
<h1>SYNOPSIS</h1>
<div class="line-block"><code class="Nm">importctl</code> [<code class="Fl">-f</code> <var>format</var>] [<code class="Fl">-n</code>] <var>input</var></div>
<h1>DESCRIPTION</h1>
<p>The <code class="Nm">importctl</code> command converts <var>input</var> into portable blocks and writes media beside the document.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Use <code class="Fl">-f</code> to select a source format.</p></li>
<li><p>Use <code class="Fl">-n</code> to omit images.</p></li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dt><code class="Cm">verify</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Check the generated HTML and block markup.</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="Pa">/tmp/imports</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>Default directory for conversion artifacts.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>NAME</h1>
<p><code>importctl</code> — import a document into a WordPress page</p>
<h1>SYNOPSIS</h1>
<div class="line-block"><code class="Nm">importctl</code> [<code
class="Fl">-f</code> <var>format</var>] [<code class="Fl">-n</code>]
<var>input</var></div>
<h1>DESCRIPTION</h1>
<p>The <code class="Nm">importctl</code> command converts
<var>input</var> into portable blocks and writes media beside the
document.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Use <code class="Fl">-f</code> to select a source
format.</p></li>
<li><p>Use <code class="Fl">-n</code> to omit images.</p></li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dt><code class="Cm">verify</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Check the generated HTML and block markup.</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="Pa">/tmp/imports</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>Default directory for conversion artifacts.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</body></html>
Bounded mdoc reader maps BSD manual metadata, section, name/description, callable inline macro, synopsis, and list semantics into the shared AST with an executable mdoc corpus lane. Full mdoc parity remains open.

mediawiki

2 samples

MediaWiki feature packet

584 bytes | Inline MediaWiki packet covering headings, emphasis, links, lists, definitions, syntaxhighlight code, horizontal rules, tables, and images.

= MediaWiki feature packet =

Intro with ''emphasis'', '''strong''', <code>literal</code>, [[Target Page|Target label]], [https://example.org external link], and https://pandoc.org.

* first item
* second with [[Nested]]

# one
# two

; Term : Definition body with '''strong''' text.
: Orphan definition

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">
echo '<x>';
</syntaxhighlight>

----

{|
|+ Caption text
! scope="col" style="text-align:left" | Name
! style="text-align:right" | Value
|-
| style="text-align:center" | Alpha || 42
|-
! Row head || Beta
|}

Image [[File:cover.png|thumb|Cover image]]

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="mediawiki-feature-packet">MediaWiki feature packet</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Intro with <em>emphasis</em>, <strong>strong</strong>, <code>literal</code>, <a href="Target_Page" title="Target label" class="wikilink">Target label</a>, <a href="https://example.org">external link</a>, and <a href="https://pandoc.org">https://pandoc.org</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>first item</li><li>second with <a href="Nested" title="Nested" class="wikilink">Nested</a></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>one</li><li>two</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Term</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Definition body with <strong>strong</strong> text.</li><li>Orphan definition</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"php"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-php">echo &#039;&lt;x&gt;&#039;;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th scope="col" style="text-align:left"><p>Name</p></th><th style="text-align:right"><p>Value</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center"><p>Alpha</p></td><td><p>42</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Row head</p></td><td><p>Beta</p></td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Caption text</figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Image <img src="cover.png" alt="Cover image" title="Cover image"/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="mediawiki-feature-packet">MediaWiki feature packet</h1>
<p>Intro with <em>emphasis</em>, <strong>strong</strong>, <code>literal</code>, <a href="Target_Page" title="Target label" class="wikilink">Target label</a>, <a href="https://example.org">external link</a>, and <a href="https://pandoc.org">https://pandoc.org</a>.</p>
<ul>
<li>first item</li>
<li>second with <a href="Nested" title="Nested" class="wikilink">Nested</a></li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>one</li>
<li>two</li>
</ol>
<dl>
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>
Definition body with <strong>strong</strong> text.
</dd>
<dd>
Orphan definition
</dd>
</dl>
<pre class="php"><code>echo &#039;&lt;x&gt;&#039;;</code></pre>
<hr />
<table>
<caption>Caption text</caption>
<thead>
<tr><th scope="col" style="text-align:left"><p>Name</p></th><th style="text-align:right"><p>Value</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:center"><p>Alpha</p></td><td><p>42</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>Row head</p></td><td><p>Beta</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Image <img src="cover.png" title="Cover image" alt="Cover image" /></p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="mediawiki_feature_packet">MediaWiki feature packet</h1>
<p>Intro with <em>emphasis</em>, <strong>strong</strong>,
<code>literal</code>, <a href="Target_Page" class="wikilink"
title="Target label">Target label</a>, <a
href="https://example.org">external link</a>, and <a
href="https://pandoc.org">https://pandoc.org</a>.</p>
<ul>
<li>first item</li>
<li>second with <a href="Nested" class="wikilink"
title="Nested">Nested</a></li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>one</li>
<li>two</li>
</ol>
<dl>
<dt>Term</dt>
<dd>
Definition body with <strong>strong</strong> text.
</dd>
<dd>
Orphan definition
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre
class="sourceCode php"><code class="sourceCode php"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">echo</span> <span class="st">&#39;&lt;x&gt;&#39;</span><span class="ot">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
<hr />
<table>
<caption>Caption text</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col" style="text-align:left"><p>Name</p></th>
<th style="text-align:right"><p>Value</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><p>Alpha</p></td>
<td><p>42</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>Row head</p></td>
<td><p>Beta</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Image <img src="cover.png" title="Cover image"
alt="Cover image" /></p>
</body></html>
Bounded MediaWiki reader maps headings, paragraphs, bold/italic/code-like inlines, internal/external links, image/file links, bullet and ordered lists, definition lists, preformatted blocks, horizontal rules, and simple wiki tables into the shared AST. Full MediaWiki template, parser-function, transclusion, role, and table-attribute parity remains open.

MediaWiki templates math and notes

184 bytes | Inline MediaWiki packet covering comments, nowiki, math, references, line breaks, templates, and raw parser-function fallback.

= Parser features =

Before <!-- hidden markup --> after &amp;.

<nowiki>''raw'' [[x]] &amp;</nowiki> <math>E=mc^2</math> <ref>Note ''body''</ref> A<br />B {{tmpl|x}}

{{CURRENTYEAR}}

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="parser-features">Parser features</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Before after &amp;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&#039;&#039;raw&#039;&#039; [[x]] &amp; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">E=mc^2</annotation></semantics></math> <sup id="fnref-1"><a href="#fn-1" role="doc-noteref">1</a></sup> A<br/>B </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li id="fn-1">Note <em>body</em> <a href="#fnref-1" aria-label="Back to content">Back</a></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="parser-features">Parser features</h1>
<p>Before after &amp;.</p>
<p>&#039;&#039;raw&#039;&#039; [[x]] &amp; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>m</mi><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">E=mc^2</annotation></semantics></math> <a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a> A<br />
B </p>
<div class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1">Note <em>body</em><a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
</ol>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="parser_features">Parser features</h1>
<p>Before after &amp;.</p>
<p>''raw'' [[x]] &amp; <span
class="math inline"><em>E</em> = <em>m</em><em>c</em><sup>2</sup></span>
<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1"
role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a> A<br />
B </p>
<section id="footnotes" class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document"
role="doc-endnotes">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn1">Note <em>body</em><a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back"
role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li>
</ol>
</section>
</body></html>
Bounded MediaWiki reader maps headings, paragraphs, bold/italic/code-like inlines, internal/external links, image/file links, bullet and ordered lists, definition lists, preformatted blocks, horizontal rules, and simple wiki tables into the shared AST. Full MediaWiki template, parser-function, transclusion, role, and table-attribute parity remains open.

native

2 samples

Pandoc native AST

188 bytes | Inline Pandoc native AST fixture.

Pandoc (Meta {unMeta = fromList []})
[ Header 1 ("native-sample",[],[]) [Str "Native",Space,Str "sample"]
, Para [Str "Pandoc",Space,Str "native",Space,Str "format",Space,Str "fixture."]
]

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="native-sample">Native sample</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pandoc native format fixture.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="native-sample">Native sample</h1>
<p>Pandoc native format fixture.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="native-sample">Native sample</h1>
<p>Pandoc native format fixture.</p>
</body></html>
NativeReader parses a large upstream .native fixture set, but complete constructor parity is still audited as partial.

Upstream native Markdown reader output

44205 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at test/markdown-reader-more.native

Pandoc
  Meta
    { unMeta =
        fromList
          [ ( "author"
            , MetaList
                [ MetaInlines [ Str "Author" , Space , Str "One" ]
                , MetaInlines [ Str "Author" , Space , Str "Two" ]
                , MetaInlines [ Str "Author" , Space , Str "Three" ]
                , MetaInlines [ Str "Author" , Space , Str "Four" ]
                ]
            )
          , ( "title"
            , MetaInlines
                [ Str "Title"
                , SoftBreak
                , Str "spanning"
                , Space
                , Str "multiple"
                , Space
                , Str "lines"
                ]
            )
          ]
    }
  [ Header
      1
      ( "additional-markdown-reader-tests" , [] , [] )
      [ Str "Additional"
      , Space
      , Str "markdown"
      , Space
      , Str "reader"
      , Space
      , Str "tests"
      ]
  , Header
      2
      ( "blank-line-before-url-in-link-reference" , [] , [] )
      [ Str "Blank"
      , Space
      , Str "line"
      , Space
      , Str "before"
      , Space
      , Str "URL"
      , Space
      , Str "in"
      , Space
      , Str "link"
      , Space
      , Str "reference"
      ]
  , Para
      [ Link ( "" , [] , [] ) [ Str "foo" ] ( "/url" , "" )
      , Space
      , Str "and"
      , Space
      , Link ( "" , [] , [] ) [ Str "bar" ] ( "/url" , "title" )
      ]
  , Header
      2
      ( "raw-context-environments" , [] , [] )
      [ Str "Raw"
      , Space
      , Str "ConTeXt"
      , Space
      , Str "environments"
      ]
  , RawBlock (Format "tex") "\\placeformula \\startformula"
  , Para
      [ Str "L_{1}"
      , Space
      , Str "="
      , Space
      , Str "L_{2}"
      , SoftBreak
      , RawInline (Format "tex") "\\stopformula"
      ]
  , RawBlock
...

Download original file

Pandoc native fixture from upstream tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="additional-markdown-reader-tests">Additional markdown reader tests</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="blank-line-before-url-in-link-reference">Blank line before URL in link reference</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/url">foo</a> and <a href="/url" title="title">bar</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="raw-context-environments">Raw ConTeXt environments</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-tex">\placeformula \startformula</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>L_{1} = L_{2}
<span class="pandoc-raw-tex">\stopformula</span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-tex">\start[a2]
\start[a2]
\stop[a2]
\stop[a2]</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="raw-latex-environments">Raw LaTeX environments</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-tex">\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline={([yshift=+-.5ex]current bounding box.center)}, level distance=24pt]
\Tree [.{S} [.NP John\index{i} ] [.VP [.V likes ] [.NP himself\index{i,*j} ]]]
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="urls-with-spaces-and-punctuation">URLs with spaces and punctuation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/bar%20and%20baz">foo</a>
<a href="/bar%20and%20baz">foo</a>
<a href="/bar%20and%20baz">foo</a>
<a href="bar%20baz" title="title">foo</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/foo%20foo">baz</a> <a href="/foo%20fee">bam</a> <a href="/foo/zee%20zob" title="title">bork</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ward&#039;s_method">Ward’s method.</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="horizontal-rules-with-spaces-at-end">Horizontal rules with spaces at end</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:separator -->
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<!-- /wp:separator -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="raw-html-before-header">Raw HTML before header</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="my-header">my header</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="in-math">$ in math</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>$</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo><mo>$</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\$2 + \$3</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mrow><mtext>the </mtext><mi>n</mi><mtext>th root of </mtext><mi>y</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">x = \text{the $n$th root of $y$}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This should not be math:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>$PATH 90 $PATH</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="commented-out-list-item">Commented-out list item</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>one
&lt;!–</li><li>two
–&gt;</li><li>three</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="indented-code-at-beginning-of-list">Indented code at beginning of list</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>code
code</code></pre><ol><li><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>code
code</code></pre></li><li><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>code
code</code></pre></li></ol><ul><li><pre class="wp-block-code"><code>code
code</code></pre></li><li>no code</li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="backslash-newline">Backslash newline</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>hi<br/>there</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="code-spans">Code spans</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>hi\</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>hi there</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><code>hi````there</code></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>`hi</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>there`</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="multilingual-urls">Multilingual URLs</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="http://测.com?测=测">http://测.com?测=测</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/bar/测?x=测" title="title">foo</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="mailto:测@foo.测.baz">测@foo.测.baz</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="numbered-examples">Numbered examples</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>First example.</li><li>Second example.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Explanation of examples (2) and (3).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":3} -->
<ol start="3"><li>Third example.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="macros">Macros</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-tex">\newcommand{\tuple}[1]{\langle #1 \rangle}</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>⟨</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>⟩</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\langle x,y \rangle</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="case-insensitive-references">Case-insensitive references</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/fum">Fum</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/fum">FUM</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/bat">bat</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="curly-smart-quotes">Curly smart quotes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>“Hi”</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>‘Hi’</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="consecutive-lists">Consecutive lists</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>one</li><li>two</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>one</li><li>two</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="a"><li>one</li><li>two</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="implicit-header-references">Implicit header references</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="my-header-1">My header</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3 id="my-other-header">My other header</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A link to <a href="#my-header">My header</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Another link to <a href="#my-header">it</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Should be <a href="#my-header">case insensitive</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Link to <a href="#foobar">Explicit header attributes</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>But this is not a link to <a href="/foo">My other header</a>, since the reference is defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="foobar" class="baz">Explicit header attributes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:quote -->
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><h2 id="foobar" class="baz">Header attributes inside block quote</h2></blockquote>
<!-- /wp:quote -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="line-blocks">Line blocks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:verse -->
<pre class="wp-block-verse">But can a bee be said to be
    or not to be an entire bee,
        when half the bee is not a bee,
            due to some ancient injury?

Continuation line
  and another</pre>
<!-- /wp:verse -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="grid-tables">Grid Tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:26.3889%"/><col style="width:16.6667%"/><col style="width:18.0556%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th>col 1</th><th>col 2</th><th>col 3</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>r1 a
r1 bis</td><td>b
b 2</td><td>c
c 2</td></tr><tr><td>r2 d</td><td>e</td><td>f</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Headless</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:26.3889%"/><col style="width:16.6667%"/><col style="width:18.0556%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>r1 a
r1 bis</td><td>b
b 2</td><td>c
c 2</td></tr><tr><td>r2 d</td><td>e</td><td>f</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With alignments</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:26.3889%"/><col style="width:16.6667%"/><col style="width:18.0556%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align:right">col 1</th><th style="text-align:left">col 2</th><th style="text-align:center">col 3</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:right">r1 a
r1 bis</td><td style="text-align:left">b
b 2</td><td style="text-align:center">c
c 2</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">r2 d</td><td style="text-align:left">e</td><td style="text-align:center">f</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Headless with alignments</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:26.3889%"/><col style="width:16.6667%"/><col style="width:18.0556%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:right">r1 a
r1 bis</td><td style="text-align:left">b
b 2</td><td style="text-align:center">c
c 2</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">r2 d</td><td style="text-align:left">e</td><td style="text-align:center">f</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Spaces at ends of lines</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:26.3889%"/><col style="width:16.6667%"/><col style="width:18.0556%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>r1 a
r1 bis</td><td>b
b 2</td><td>c
c 2</td></tr><tr><td>r2 d</td><td>e</td><td>f</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Multiple blocks in a cell</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:26.3889%"/><col style="width:16.6667%"/><col style="width:18.0556%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><h1 id="col-1">col 1</h1><p>col 1</p></td><td><h1 id="col-2">col 2</h1><p>col 2</p></td><td><h1 id="col-3">col 3</h1><p>col 3</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>r1 a</p><p>r1 bis</p></td><td><ul><li>b</li><li>b 2</li><li>b 2</li></ul></td><td>c
c 2
c 2</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>East Asian characters have double width</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:4.1667%"/><col style="width:6.9444%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>魚</td><td>fish</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Zero-width space in German</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:11.1111%"/><col style="width:11.1111%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>German</td><td>English</td></tr><tr><td>Auf‌lage</td><td>edition</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Zero-width non-joiner in Persian</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:11.1111%"/><col style="width:13.8889%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>می‌خواهم</td><td>I want to</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Empty cells</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:5.5556%"/><col style="width:5.5556%"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table with cells spanning multiple rows or columns:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:19.4444%"/><col style="width:11.1111%"/><col style="width:15.2778%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th colspan="2">Property</th><th>Earth</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td rowspan="3">Temperature
1961-1990</td><td>min</td><td>-89.2 °C</td></tr><tr><td>mean</td><td>14 °C</td></tr><tr><td>min</td><td>56.7 °C</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table with complex header:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><colgroup><col style="width:30.5556%"/><col style="width:11.1111%"/><col style="width:11.1111%"/><col style="width:11.1111%"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Location</th><th colspan="3">Temperature 1961-1990
in degree Celsius</th></tr><tr><th>min</th><th>mean</th><th>max</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Antarctica</td><td>-89.2</td><td>N/A</td><td>19.8</td></tr><tr><td>Earth</td><td>-89.2</td><td>14</td><td>56.7</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="entities-in-links-and-titles">Entities in links and titles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/ürl" title="öö!">link</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="http://göögle.com">http://göögle.com</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="mailto:me@exämple.com">me@exämple.com</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/ürl" title="öö!">foobar</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="parentheses-in-urls">Parentheses in URLs</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/hi(there)">link</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="/hithere)">link</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="hi_(there_(nested))">linky</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="backslashes-in-link-references">Backslashes in link references</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="b">*<span class="pandoc-raw-tex">\a</span></a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="reference-link-fallbacks">Reference link fallbacks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[<em>not a link</em>] [<em>nope</em>]…</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="reference-link-followed-by-a-citation">Reference link followed by a citation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>MapReduce is a paradigm popularized by <a href="http://google.com">Google</a> <span class="pandoc-citation" data-pandoc-citation-id="mapreduce" data-pandoc-citation-count="1" data-pandoc-citation-ids="[&quot;mapreduce&quot;]" data-pandoc-citations="[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;mapreduce&quot;,&quot;mode&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;,&quot;noteNum&quot;:2,&quot;hash&quot;:0,&quot;prefix&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;suffix&quot;:&quot;&quot;}]">[@mapreduce]</span> as its
most vocal proponent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="empty-reference-links">Empty reference links</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>bar</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="">foo2</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="wrapping-shouldnt-introduce-new-list-items">Wrapping shouldn’t introduce new list items</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah 2015.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="bracketed-spans">Bracketed spans</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><span id="id" class="class"><em>foo</em> bar baz <a href="url">link</a></span></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="additional-markdown-reader-tests">Additional markdown reader tests</h1>
<h2 id="blank-line-before-url-in-link-reference">Blank line before URL in link reference</h2>
<p><a href="/url">foo</a> and <a href="/url" title="title">bar</a></p>
<h2 id="raw-context-environments">Raw ConTeXt environments</h2>
<pre class="pandoc-raw-tex" data-pandoc-raw-format="tex"><code class="language-tex">\placeformula \startformula</code></pre>
<p>L_{1} = L_{2} <span class="pandoc-raw-tex" data-pandoc-raw-format="tex">\stopformula</span></p>
<pre class="pandoc-raw-tex" data-pandoc-raw-format="tex"><code class="language-tex">\start[a2]
\start[a2]
\stop[a2]
\stop[a2]</code></pre>
<h2 id="raw-latex-environments">Raw LaTeX environments</h2>
<pre class="pandoc-raw-tex" data-pandoc-raw-format="tex"><code class="language-tex">\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline={([yshift=+-.5ex]current bounding box.center)}, level distance=24pt]
\Tree [.{S} [.NP John\index{i} ] [.VP [.V likes ] [.NP himself\index{i,*j} ]]]
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}</code></pre>
<h2 id="urls-with-spaces-and-punctuation">URLs with spaces and punctuation</h2>
<p><a href="/bar%20and%20baz">foo</a> <a href="/bar%20and%20baz">foo</a> <a href="/bar%20and%20baz">foo</a> <a href="bar%20baz" title="title">foo</a></p>
<p><a href="/foo%20foo">baz</a> <a href="/foo%20fee">bam</a> <a href="/foo/zee%20zob" title="title">bork</a></p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ward&#039;s_method">Ward’s method.</a></p>
<h2 id="horizontal-rules-with-spaces-at-end">Horizontal rules with spaces at end</h2>
<hr />
<hr />
<h2 id="raw-html-before-header">Raw HTML before header</h2>
<p><a></a></p>
<h3 id="my-header">my header</h3>
<h2 id="in-math">$ in math</h2>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>$</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo><mo>$</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\$2 + \$3</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mrow><mtext>the </mtext><mi>n</mi><mtext>th root of </mtext><mi>y</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">x = \text{the $n$th root of $y$}</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<p>This should not be math:</p>
<p>$PATH 90 $PATH</p>
<h2 id="commented-out-list-item">Commented-out list item</h2>
<ul>
<li>one &lt;!–</li>
<li>two –&gt;</li>
<li>three</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="indented-code-at-beginning-of-list">Indented code at beginning of list</h2>
<ul>
<li><pre><code>code
code</code></pre>
<ol type="1">
<li><pre><code>code
code</code></pre></li>
<li><pre><code>code
code</code></pre></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><pre><code>code
code</code></pre></li>
<li>no code</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="backslash-newline">Backslash newline</h2>
<p>hi<br />
there</p>
<h2 id="code-spans">Code spans</h2>
<p><code>hi\</code></p>
<p><code>hi there</code></p>
<p><code>hi````there</code></p>
<p>`hi</p>
<p>there`</p>
<h2 id="multilingual-urls">Multilingual URLs</h2>
<p><a href="http://测.com?测=测" class="uri">http://测.com?测=测</a></p>
<p><a href="/bar/测?x=测" title="title">foo</a></p>
<p><a href="mailto:测@foo.测.baz" class="email">测@foo.测.baz</a></p>
<h2 id="numbered-examples">Numbered examples</h2>
<ol class="example" type="1">
<li>First example.</li>
<li>Second example.</li>
</ol>
<p>Explanation of examples (2) and (3).</p>
<ol class="example" start="3" type="1">
<li>Third example.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="macros">Macros</h2>
<pre class="pandoc-raw-tex" data-pandoc-raw-format="tex"><code class="language-tex">\newcommand{\tuple}[1]{\langle #1 \rangle}</code></pre>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>⟨</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>⟩</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\langle x,y \rangle</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<h2 id="case-insensitive-references">Case-insensitive references</h2>
<p><a href="/fum">Fum</a></p>
<p><a href="/fum">FUM</a></p>
<p><a href="/bat">bat</a></p>
<h2 id="curly-smart-quotes">Curly smart quotes</h2>
<p>“Hi”</p>
<p>‘Hi’</p>
<h2 id="consecutive-lists">Consecutive lists</h2>
<ul>
<li>one</li>
<li>two</li>
</ul>
<ol type="1">
<li>one</li>
<li>two</li>
</ol>
<ol type="a">
<li>one</li>
<li>two</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="implicit-header-references">Implicit header references</h2>
<h3 id="my-header-1">My header</h3>
<h3 id="my-other-header">My other header</h3>
<p>A link to <a href="#my-header">My header</a>.</p>
<p>Another link to <a href="#my-header">it</a>.</p>
<p>Should be <a href="#my-header">case insensitive</a>.</p>
<p>Link to <a href="#foobar">Explicit header attributes</a>.</p>
<p>But this is not a link to <a href="/foo">My other header</a>, since the reference is defined.</p>
<h2 id="foobar" class="baz">Explicit header attributes</h2>
<blockquote>
<h2 id="foobar" class="baz">Header attributes inside block quote</h2>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="line-blocks">Line blocks</h2>
<div class="line-block">But can a bee be said to be<br />    or not to be an entire bee,<br />        when half the bee is not a bee,<br />            due to some ancient injury?<br /><br />Continuation line<br />  and another</div>
<h2 id="grid-tables">Grid Tables</h2>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 16%" /><col style="width: 18%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th>col 1</th><th>col 2</th><th>col 3</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>r1 a r1 bis</td><td>b b 2</td><td>c c 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>r2 d</td><td>e</td><td>f</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Headless</p>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 16%" /><col style="width: 18%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td>r1 a r1 bis</td><td>b b 2</td><td>c c 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>r2 d</td><td>e</td><td>f</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>With alignments</p>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 16%" /><col style="width: 18%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th style="text-align:right">col 1</th><th style="text-align:left">col 2</th><th style="text-align:center">col 3</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">r1 a r1 bis</td><td style="text-align:left">b b 2</td><td style="text-align:center">c c 2</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">r2 d</td><td style="text-align:left">e</td><td style="text-align:center">f</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Headless with alignments</p>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 16%" /><col style="width: 18%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">r1 a r1 bis</td><td style="text-align:left">b b 2</td><td style="text-align:center">c c 2</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">r2 d</td><td style="text-align:left">e</td><td style="text-align:center">f</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Spaces at ends of lines</p>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 16%" /><col style="width: 18%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td>r1 a r1 bis</td><td>b b 2</td><td>c c 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>r2 d</td><td>e</td><td>f</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Multiple blocks in a cell</p>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 26%" /><col style="width: 16%" /><col style="width: 18%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td><h1 id="col-1">col 1</h1><p>col 1</p></td><td><h1 id="col-2">col 2</h1><p>col 2</p></td><td><h1 id="col-3">col 3</h1><p>col 3</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>r1 a</p><p>r1 bis</p></td><td><ul>
<li>b</li>
<li>b 2</li>
<li>b 2</li>
</ul></td><td>c c 2 c 2</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>East Asian characters have double width</p>
<table style="width:11%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 4%" /><col style="width: 6%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td>魚</td><td>fish</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Zero-width space in German</p>
<table style="width:22%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 11%" /><col style="width: 11%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td>German</td><td>English</td></tr>
<tr><td>Auf‌lage</td><td>edition</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Zero-width non-joiner in Persian</p>
<table style="width:25%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 11%" /><col style="width: 13%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td>می‌خواهم</td><td>I want to</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Empty cells</p>
<table style="width:11%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 5%" /><col style="width: 5%" /></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table with cells spanning multiple rows or columns:</p>
<table style="width:46%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 19%" /><col style="width: 11%" /><col style="width: 15%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2">Property</th><th>Earth</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td rowspan="3">Temperature 1961-1990</td><td>min</td><td>-89.2 °C</td></tr>
<tr><td>mean</td><td>14 °C</td></tr>
<tr><td>min</td><td>56.7 °C</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table with complex header:</p>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup><col style="width: 30%" /><col style="width: 11%" /><col style="width: 11%" /><col style="width: 11%" /></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr><th rowspan="2">Location</th><th colspan="3">Temperature 1961-1990 in degree Celsius</th></tr>
<tr><th>min</th><th>mean</th><th>max</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Antarctica</td><td>-89.2</td><td>N/A</td><td>19.8</td></tr>
<tr><td>Earth</td><td>-89.2</td><td>14</td><td>56.7</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="entities-in-links-and-titles">Entities in links and titles</h2>
<p><a href="/ürl" title="öö!">link</a></p>
<p><a href="http://göögle.com" class="uri">http://göögle.com</a></p>
<p><a href="mailto:me@exämple.com" class="email">me@exämple.com</a></p>
<p><a href="/ürl" title="öö!">foobar</a></p>
<h2 id="parentheses-in-urls">Parentheses in URLs</h2>
<p><a href="/hi(there)">link</a></p>
<p><a href="/hithere)">link</a></p>
<p><a href="hi_(there_(nested))">linky</a></p>
<h2 id="backslashes-in-link-references">Backslashes in link references</h2>
<p><a href="b">*<span class="pandoc-raw-tex" data-pandoc-raw-format="tex">\a</span></a></p>
<h2 id="reference-link-fallbacks">Reference link fallbacks</h2>
<p>[<em>not a link</em>] [<em>nope</em>]…</p>
<h2 id="reference-link-followed-by-a-citation">Reference link followed by a citation</h2>
<p>MapReduce is a paradigm popularized by <a href="http://google.com">Google</a> <span class="citation" data-cites="mapreduce">[@mapreduce]</span> as its most vocal proponent.</p>
<h2 id="empty-reference-links">Empty reference links</h2>
<p>bar</p>
<p><a href="">foo2</a></p>
<h2 id="wrapping-shouldnt-introduce-new-list-items">Wrapping shouldn’t introduce new list items</h2>
<ul>
<li>blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah 2015.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="bracketed-spans">Bracketed spans</h2>
<p><span id="id" class="class" key="val"><em>foo</em> bar baz <a href="url">link</a></span></p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="additional-markdown-reader-tests">Additional markdown reader
tests</h1>
<h2 id="blank-line-before-url-in-link-reference">Blank line before URL
in link reference</h2>
<p><a href="/url">foo</a> and <a href="/url" title="title">bar</a></p>
<h2 id="raw-context-environments">Raw ConTeXt environments</h2>
<p>L_{1} = L_{2} </p>
<h2 id="raw-latex-environments">Raw LaTeX environments</h2>

<h2 id="urls-with-spaces-and-punctuation">URLs with spaces and
punctuation</h2>
<p><a href="/bar%20and%20baz">foo</a> <a href="/bar%20and%20baz">foo</a>
<a href="/bar%20and%20baz">foo</a> <a href="bar%20baz"
title="title">foo</a></p>
<p><a href="/foo%20foo">baz</a> <a href="/foo%20fee">bam</a> <a
href="/foo/zee%20zob" title="title">bork</a></p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ward&#39;s_method">Ward’s
method.</a></p>
<h2 id="horizontal-rules-with-spaces-at-end">Horizontal rules with
spaces at end</h2>
<hr />
<hr />
<h2 id="raw-html-before-header">Raw HTML before header</h2>
<p><a></a></p>
<h3 id="my-header">my header</h3>
<h2 id="in-math">$ in math</h2>
<p><span class="math inline">$2 + $3</span></p>
<p><span class="math inline"><em>x</em> = the <em>n</em>th root of
<em>y</em></span></p>
<p>This should not be math:</p>
<p>$PATH 90 $PATH</p>
<h2 id="commented-out-list-item">Commented-out list item</h2>
<ul>
<li>one &lt;!–</li>
<li>two –&gt;</li>
<li>three</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="indented-code-at-beginning-of-list">Indented code at beginning
of list</h2>
<ul>
<li><pre><code>code
code</code></pre>
<ol type="1">
<li><pre><code>code
code</code></pre></li>
<li><pre><code>code
code</code></pre></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><pre><code>code
code</code></pre></li>
<li>no code</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="backslash-newline">Backslash newline</h2>
<p>hi<br />
there</p>
<h2 id="code-spans">Code spans</h2>
<p><code>hi\</code></p>
<p><code>hi there</code></p>
<p><code>hi````there</code></p>
<p>`hi</p>
<p>there`</p>
<h2 id="multilingual-urls">Multilingual URLs</h2>
<p><a href="http://测.com?测=测" class="uri">http://测.com?测=测</a></p>
<p><a href="/bar/测?x=测" title="title">foo</a></p>
<p><a href="mailto:测@foo.测.baz" class="email">测@foo.测.baz</a></p>
<h2 id="numbered-examples">Numbered examples</h2>
<ol class="example" type="1">
<li>First example.</li>
<li>Second example.</li>
</ol>
<p>Explanation of examples (2) and (3).</p>
<ol start="3" class="example" type="1">
<li>Third example.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="macros">Macros</h2>
<p><span class="math inline">⟨<em>x</em>, <em>y</em>⟩</span></p>
<h2 id="case-insensitive-references">Case-insensitive references</h2>
<p><a href="/fum">Fum</a></p>
<p><a href="/fum">FUM</a></p>
<p><a href="/bat">bat</a></p>
<h2 id="curly-smart-quotes">Curly smart quotes</h2>
<p>“Hi”</p>
<p>‘Hi’</p>
<h2 id="consecutive-lists">Consecutive lists</h2>
<ul>
<li>one</li>
<li>two</li>
</ul>
<ol type="1">
<li>one</li>
<li>two</li>
</ol>
<ol type="a">
<li>one</li>
<li>two</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="implicit-header-references">Implicit header references</h2>
<h3 id="my-header-1">My header</h3>
<h3 id="my-other-header">My other header</h3>
<p>A link to <a href="#my-header">My header</a>.</p>
<p>Another link to <a href="#my-header">it</a>.</p>
<p>Should be <a href="#my-header">case insensitive</a>.</p>
<p>Link to <a href="#foobar">Explicit header attributes</a>.</p>
<p>But this is not a link to <a href="/foo">My other header</a>, since
the reference is defined.</p>
<h2 class="baz" data-key="val" id="foobar">Explicit header
attributes</h2>
<blockquote>
<h2 id="foobar" class="baz" data-key="val">Header attributes inside
block quote</h2>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="line-blocks">Line blocks</h2>
<div class="line-block">But can a bee be said to be<br />
    or not to be an entire bee,<br />
        when half the bee is not a bee,<br />
            due to some ancient injury?<br />
<br />
Continuation line<br />
  and another</div>
<h2 id="grid-tables">Grid Tables</h2>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 16%" />
<col style="width: 18%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>col 1</th>
<th>col 2</th>
<th>col 3</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>r1 a r1 bis</td>
<td>b b 2</td>
<td>c c 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>r2 d</td>
<td>e</td>
<td>f</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Headless</p>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 16%" />
<col style="width: 18%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>r1 a r1 bis</td>
<td>b b 2</td>
<td>c c 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>r2 d</td>
<td>e</td>
<td>f</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>With alignments</p>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 16%" />
<col style="width: 18%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: right;">col 1</th>
<th style="text-align: left;">col 2</th>
<th style="text-align: center;">col 3</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">r1 a r1 bis</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">b b 2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">c c 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">r2 d</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">e</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">f</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Headless with alignments</p>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 16%" />
<col style="width: 18%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">r1 a r1 bis</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">b b 2</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">c c 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right;">r2 d</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">e</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">f</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Spaces at ends of lines</p>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 16%" />
<col style="width: 18%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>r1 a r1 bis</td>
<td>b b 2</td>
<td>c c 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>r2 d</td>
<td>e</td>
<td>f</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Multiple blocks in a cell</p>
<table style="width:61%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 26%" />
<col style="width: 16%" />
<col style="width: 18%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><h1 id="col-1">col 1</h1>
<p>col 1</p></td>
<td><h1 id="col-2">col 2</h1>
<p>col 2</p></td>
<td><h1 id="col-3">col 3</h1>
<p>col 3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>r1 a</p>
<p>r1 bis</p></td>
<td><ul>
<li>b</li>
<li>b 2</li>
<li>b 2</li>
</ul></td>
<td>c c 2 c 2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>East Asian characters have double width</p>
<table style="width:11%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>魚</td>
<td>fish</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Zero-width space in German</p>
<table style="width:22%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 11%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>German</td>
<td>English</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Auf‌lage</td>
<td>edition</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Zero-width non-joiner in Persian</p>
<table style="width:25%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 11%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>می‌خواهم</td>
<td>I want to</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Empty cells</p>
<table style="width:11%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table with cells spanning multiple rows or columns:</p>
<table style="width:46%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 19%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
<col style="width: 15%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">Property</th>
<th>Earth</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">Temperature 1961-1990</td>
<td>min</td>
<td>-89.2 °C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>mean</td>
<td>14 °C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>min</td>
<td>56.7 °C</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table with complex header:</p>
<table style="width:64%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 30%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2">Location</th>
<th colspan="3">Temperature 1961-1990 in degree Celsius</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>min</th>
<th>mean</th>
<th>max</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Antarctica</td>
<td>-89.2</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>19.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Earth</td>
<td>-89.2</td>
<td>14</td>
<td>56.7</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="entities-in-links-and-titles">Entities in links and titles</h2>
<p><a href="/ürl" title="öö!">link</a></p>
<p><a href="http://göögle.com" class="uri">http://göögle.com</a></p>
<p><a href="mailto:me@exämple.com" class="email">me@exämple.com</a></p>
<p><a href="/ürl" title="öö!">foobar</a></p>
<h2 id="parentheses-in-urls">Parentheses in URLs</h2>
<p><a href="/hi(there)">link</a></p>
<p><a href="/hithere)">link</a></p>
<p><a href="hi_(there_(nested))">linky</a></p>
<h2 id="backslashes-in-link-references">Backslashes in link
references</h2>
<p><a href="b">*</a></p>
<h2 id="reference-link-fallbacks">Reference link fallbacks</h2>
<p>[<em>not a link</em>] [<em>nope</em>]…</p>
<h2 id="reference-link-followed-by-a-citation">Reference link followed
by a citation</h2>
<p>MapReduce is a paradigm popularized by <a
href="http://google.com">Google</a> <span class="citation"
data-cites="mapreduce">[@mapreduce]</span> as its most vocal
proponent.</p>
<h2 id="empty-reference-links">Empty reference links</h2>
<p>bar</p>
<p><a href="">foo2</a></p>
<h2 id="wrapping-shouldnt-introduce-new-list-items">Wrapping shouldn’t
introduce new list items</h2>
<ul>
<li>blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah
blah 2015.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="bracketed-spans">Bracketed spans</h2>
<p><span id="id" class="class" data-key="val"><em>foo</em> bar baz <a
href="url">link</a></span></p>
</body></html>
NativeReader parses a large upstream .native fixture set, but complete constructor parity is still audited as partial.

odt

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OpenDocument text fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>A header (Lv 1)</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A paragraph</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Another header (Lv 2)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Another paragraph</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Back to Level 1</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>A header (Lv 1)</h1>
<p>A paragraph</p>
<h2>Another header (Lv 2)</h2>
<p>Another paragraph</p>
<h1>Back to Level 1</h1></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="a-header-lv-1">A header (Lv 1)</h1>
<p>A paragraph</p>
<h2 id="another-header-lv-2">Another header (Lv 2)</h2>
<p>Another paragraph</p>
<h1 id="back-to-level-1">Back to Level 1</h1>
</body></html>
Bounded ODT package reader parses content.xml, meta.xml, optional META-INF/manifest.xml package metadata, text/list styles, headings, paragraphs, ordered and bullet lists, tables, links, styled spans, line breaks, images, and image/resource package references into the shared AST. Full ODT parity remains open.

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

ODT table fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th rowspan="2"><p>H1 Rowspan 2</p></th><th><p>H1-2</p></th><th><p>H1-3</p></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2"><p>H2-2/3</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>B1-1</p></td><td><p>B1-2</p></td><td rowspan="3"><p>Rowspan 3</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>B2-1</p></td><td><p>B2-2</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>Columnspan 2</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>B4-1</p></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2"><p>Columnspan &amp; Rowspan 2</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>B5-1</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr><th rowspan="2"><p>H1 Rowspan 2</p></th><th><p>H1-2</p></th><th><p>H1-3</p></th></tr>
<tr><th colspan="2"><p>H2-2/3</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>B1-1</p></td><td><p>B1-2</p></td><td rowspan="3"><p>Rowspan 3</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>B2-1</p></td><td><p>B2-2</p></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"><p>Columnspan 2</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>B4-1</p></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2"><p>Columnspan &amp; Rowspan 2</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>B5-1</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2">H1 Rowspan 2</th>
<th>H1-2</th>
<th>H1-3</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">H2-2/3</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>B1-1</td>
<td>B1-2</td>
<td rowspan="3">Rowspan 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>B2-1</td>
<td>B2-2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">Columnspan 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>B4-1</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="2">Columnspan &amp; Rowspan 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>B5-1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
Bounded ODT package reader parses content.xml, meta.xml, optional META-INF/manifest.xml package metadata, text/list styles, headings, paragraphs, ordered and bullet lists, tables, links, styled spans, line breaks, images, and image/resource package references into the shared AST. Full ODT parity remains open.

OASIS OpenDocument schema ODT

953195 bytes | OASIS OpenDocument v1.3 Part 3 schema editable ODT

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Real 930 KB editable ODT specification with thousands of headings, long prose, lists, tables, styles, and package metadata.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/Pictures/10000E9800001CA1000005CA923763AE09D71344.svg" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000E9800001CA1000005CA923763AE09D71344.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000E9800001CA1000005CA923763AE09D71344.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000E9800001CA1000005CA923763AE09D71344.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000E9800001CA1000005CA923763AE09D71344.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000E9800001CA1000005CA923763AE09D71344.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="3736" data-pandoc-media-sha1="9817609498bc87b1a34506d28a0a3ec1124d561b" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000E9800001CA1000005CA923763AE09D71344.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="d6879628f998bcbd715fdfdb3a6e739fdd552020" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 3: OpenDocument Schema</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OASIS Standard<br/>27 April 2021</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This stage:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.odt">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.odt</a> (Authoritative)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.pdf">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.pdf</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Previous stage:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.odt">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.odt</a> (Authoritative)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.html</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.pdf">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.pdf</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Latest stage:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.odt">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.odt</a> (Authoritative)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.pdf">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.pdf</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Technical Committee:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/">OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Chairs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Patrick Durusau (<a href="mailto:patrick@durusau.net">patrick@durusau.net</a>), Individual</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Jos van den Oever (<a href="mailto:jos.vanden.oever@logius.nl">jos.vanden.oever@logius.nl</a>), <a href="http://www.logius.nl/">Logius</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Editors:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Francis Cave (<a href="mailto:francis@franciscave.com"><em>francis@franciscave.com</em></a>), Individual</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Patrick Durusau (<a href="mailto:patrick@durusau.net"><em>patrick@durusau.net</em></a>), Individual</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Svante Schubert (<a href="mailto:svante.schubert@gmail.com"><em>svante.schubert@gmail.com</em></a>), Individual</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Michael Stahl (<a href="mailto:michael.stahl@cib.de"><em>michael.stahl@cib.de</em></a>), <a href="https://www.cib.de/">CIB labs GmbH</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Additional artifacts:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This prose specification is one component of a Work Product which includes:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 1: Introduction</em>. <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part1-introduction/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part1-introduction.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part1-introduction/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part1-introduction.html</a>.</li><li><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 2: Packages</em>. <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part2-packages/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part2-packages.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part2-packages/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part2-packages.html</a>.</li><li><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 3: OpenDocument Schema</em> (this part). <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html</a>.</li><li><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 4: Recalculated Formula (OpenFormula) Format</em>. <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part4-formula/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part4-formula.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part4-formula/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part4-formula.html</a>.</li><li>XML/RNG schemas and OWL ontologies. <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/schemas/">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/schemas/</a>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Related work:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This specification replaces or supersedes:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><em>OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.2</em>. 29 September 2011. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os.html</a>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

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<p>Declared XML namespaces:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:animation:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:chart:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:config:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:database:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:dr3d:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:drawing:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:form:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:manifest:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:meta:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:datastyle:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:office:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:presentation:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:script:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:table:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:style:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:xsl-fo-compatible:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:svg-compatible:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:smil-compatible:1.0<br/>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2<br/><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf</a><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf#">#</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/pkg">http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/pkg</a><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf#">#</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Abstract:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This document is Part 3 of the Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3 specification.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Status:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This document was last revised or approved by the membership of OASIS on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the “Latest stage” location noted above for possible later revisions of this document. Any other numbered Versions and other technical work produced by the Technical Committee (TC) are listed at <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=office#technical">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=office#technical</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>TC members should send comments on this specification to the TC’s email list. Others should send comments to the TC’s public comment list, after subscribing to it by following the instructions at the “<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=odata">S</a><a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=office">end </a><a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=office">A Comment</a>” button on the TC’s web page at <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This specification is provided under the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr#RF-on-Limited-Mode">RF on Limited Terms</a> Model of the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr">OASIS IPR Policy</a>, the mode chosen when the Technical Committee was established. For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property Rights section of the TC’s web page (<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/ipr.php">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/ipr.php</a>).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note that any machine-readable content (<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/tc-process#wpComponentsCompLang">Computer Language Definitions</a>) declared Normative for this Work Product is provided in separate plain text files. In the event of a discrepancy between any such plain text file and display content in the Work Product&#039;s prose narrative document(s), the content in the separate plain text file prevails.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Citation format:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When referencing this specification the following citation format should be used:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[OpenDocument-v1.3-part3]</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 3: OpenDocument Schema. Edited by Francis Cave, Patrick Durusau, Svante Schubert and Michael Stahl. 27 April 2021. OASIS Standard. <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html</a>. Latest stage: <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Notices</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Copyright © OASIS Open 2021. All Rights Reserved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All capitalized terms in the following text have the meanings assigned to them in the OASIS Intellectual Property Rights Policy (the &quot;OASIS IPR Policy&quot;). The full <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr">Policy</a> may be found at the OASIS website.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published, and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this section are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, including by removing the copyright notice or references to OASIS, except as needed for the purpose of developing any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical Committee (in which case the rules applicable to copyrights, as set forth in the OASIS IPR Policy, must be followed) or as required to translate it into languages other than English.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by OASIS or its successors or assigns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This document and the information contained herein is provided on an &quot;AS IS&quot; basis and OASIS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY OWNERSHIP RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>OASIS requests that any OASIS Party or any other party that believes it has patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by implementations of this OASIS Committee Specification or OASIS Standard, to notify OASIS TC Administrator and provide an indication of its willingness to grant patent licenses to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this specification.</p>
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<p>OASIS invites any party to contact the OASIS TC Administrator if it is aware of a claim of ownership of any patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by implementations of this specification by a patent holder that is not willing to provide a license to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this specification. OASIS may include such claims on its website, but disclaims any obligation to do so.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OASIS takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on OASIS&#039; procedures with respect to rights in any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical Committee can be found on the OASIS website. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this OASIS Committee Specification or OASIS Standard, can be obtained from the OASIS TC Administrator. OASIS makes no representation that any information or list of intellectual property rights will at any time be complete, or that any claims in such list are, in fact, Essential Claims.</p>
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<p>The name &quot;OASIS&quot; is a trademark of <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/">OASIS</a>, the owner and developer of this specification, and should be used only to refer to the organization and its official outputs. OASIS welcomes reference to, and implementation and use of, specifications, while reserving the right to enforce its marks against misleading uses. Please see <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/trademark">https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/trademark</a> for above guidance.</p>
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<p>Table of Contents</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Introduction</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This document is part of the Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3 specification. It defines an XML schema for office documents. Office documents include text documents, spreadsheets, charts and graphical documents like drawings or presentations, and other forms of documents.</p>
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<h2>Terminology</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

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<p>All text is normative unless otherwise labeled.</p>
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<p>Text with a gray background color which is contained in boxes is informative. -</p>
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<p>Within the normative text of this specification, the terms &quot;shall&quot;, &quot;shall not&quot;, &quot;should&quot;, &quot;should not&quot;, &quot;may&quot; and “need not” are to be interpreted as described in Annex H of [ISO/IEC Directives].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Attributes and elements may be marked as deprecated.  Deprecated attributes or elements have “Deprecated” inserted into their section title. Attributes and elements marked as deprecated should not be used any longer, and may be removed from future versions of (OpenDocument).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>XML Element, attribute names, attribute value types, and attribute values appear in monospace font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This standard, for illustrative purposes, describes functionality using terminology common in desktop computing environments that contain a display terminal, keyboard, and mouse, attached to a computer hosting an operating system with a graphical user interface which includes user interface controls such as input controls, command buttons, selection boxes, etc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This standard is not limited to such environments. This format can be used by alternative computing environments, with other form factors, non-GUI consumers and producers, assistive technologies, using analogous user interface operations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Implementation-defined is used in this standard for values or processing that may differ between ODF implementations but is required to be specified by the implementor for each particular ODF-implementation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Implementation-dependent is used in this standard for values or processing that may differ between ODF implementations but is not required to be specified by the implementor for each particular ODF-implementation. </p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Normative References</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[CSS2]  Bert Bos, Håkon Wium Lie, Chris Lilley, Ian Jacobs, Cascading Style Sheets, level 2, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512">http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512</a>, W3C, 1998.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[CSS3Text]  Michel Suignard, CSS3 Text Module, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/CR-css3-text-20030514">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/CR-css3-text-20030514</a>, W3C, 2003.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[DAISY]  ANSI/NISO Z39.86-2005 (R2012) Specifications for the Digital Talking Book, <a href="https://www.niso.org/publications/ansiniso-z3986-2005-r2012-specifications-digital-talking-book">http://www.niso.org/standards/resources/Z39-86-2005.html</a>, 2005.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[DCMI]  Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, Version 1.1: Reference Description, <a href="http://www.dublincore.org/documents/2008/01/14/dces/">http://www.dublincore.org/documents/2008/01/14/dces/</a>, Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, 2003.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[DOMEvents2]  Tom Pixley, Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Events Specification, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Events-20001113">http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Events-20001113</a>, W3C, 2000.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[GRDDL]  Don Conolly, Gleaning Resource Descriptions from Dialects of Languages (GRDDL), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-grddl-20070911/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-grddl-20070911/</a>, W3C, 2007.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[HTML4]  Dave Raggett, Arnaud Le Hors, Ian Jacobs, HTML 4.01 Specification, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224</a>, W3C, 1999.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ISO/IEC Directives]  ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (Fifth Edition) Rules for the structure and drafting of International Standards, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2004.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ISO639-1]  ISO 639-1:2002 Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 1: Alpha-2 code, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2002.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ISO639-2]  ISO 639-2:1998 Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 2: Alpha-3 code, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 1998.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ISO639-3]  ISO 639-3:2007 Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 3: Alpha-3 code for comprehensive coverage of languages, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ISO3166-1]  ISO 3166-1:2006/Cor 1:2007   Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions -- Part 1: Country codes, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ISO3166-2]  ISO 3166-2:2007 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions -- Part 2: Country subdivision code, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ISO3166-3]  ISO 3166-3:1999 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions -- Part 3: Code for formerly used names of countries, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 1999.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ISO8601]  ISO 8601:2004 Data elements and interchange formats -- Information interchange -- Representation of dates and times, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2004.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ISO15924]  ISO 15924:2004 Information and documentation -- Codes for the representation of names of scripts, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2004.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[JIS X 0301]  JIS X 0301:2002 Data elements and interchange formats -- Information interchange -- Representation of dates and times, Japanese Standards Association, 2002.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[MathML]  David Carlisle, Patrick Ion, Robert Miner, Nico Poppelier, Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0 (Second Edition), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-MathML2-20031021/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-MathML2-20031021/</a>, W3C, 2003.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[MIMETYPES]  MIME Media Types, <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/">http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/</a>, IANA.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>[</strong>ODF10<strong>]</strong><strong>  </strong>OASIS Standard, Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v1.0, May 2005, <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.0/OpenDocument-v1.0-os.pdf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.0/OpenDocument-v1.0-os.pdf</a></p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>[</strong>ODF11<strong>]</strong><strong>  </strong>OASIS Standard, Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v1.1, February 2007, <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.1/OS/OpenDocument-v1.1.pdf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.1/OS/OpenDocument-v1.1.pdf</a></p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages]  Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v.1.3, Part 2: Packages. Linked in Additional Artifacts  on front page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[ODF1.3-Part-4:OpenFormula]  Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3 Part 4 Recalculated Formula (OpenFormula) Format. Linked in Additional Artifacts  on front page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[OLE]  Kraig Brockschmidt, Inside OLE, Microsoft Press, 1995, ISBN: 1-55615-843-2</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[OWL]  Deborah L. McGuinness, Frank van Harmelen, OWL Web Ontology Language Overview, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-owl-features-20040210/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-owl-features-20040210/</a>, W3C, 2004.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[PNG]  David Duce, Portable Network Graphics (PNG) Specification (Second Edition), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110</a>, W3C, 2003.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[RDF-CONCEPTS]  Graham Klyne, Jeremy J. Carroll, Brian McBride, Resource Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and Abstract Syntax, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210/</a>, W3C, 2004.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[RDFa]  Ben Adida, Mark Birbeck, Shane McCarron, Steven Pemberton, RDFa in XHTML: Syntax and Processing, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdfa-syntax-20081014">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdfa-syntax-20081014</a>, W3C, 2008.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[RFC2045]  N. Freed and N. Borenstein, Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt</a>, IETF, 1996.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[RFC2616]  R. Fielding, et al.,  Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt</a>, IETF, 1999.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[RFC3066]  H. Alvestrand, Tags for the Identification of Languages, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt</a>, IETF, 2001.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[RFC3987]  M. Duerst, M. Suignard, Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs), <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt</a>, IETF, 2005</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[RFC4514]  K. Zeilenga, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): String Representation of Distinguished Names, <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4514">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4514</a>, IETF, 2006.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[RFC5646]  A. Phillips, M. Davis, Tags for Identifying Languages, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5646.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5646.txt</a>, IETF, 2009.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[RFC6838]  N. Freed, J. Klensin, T. Hansen Media Type Specifications and Registration Procedures, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6838.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6838.txt</a>, IETF, 2013.</p>
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<p>[RNG]  ISO/IEC 19757-2 Document Schema Definition Language (DSDL) -- Part 2: Regular-grammar-based validation -- RELAX NG, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2003.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[SMIL20]  Jeff Ayars, etc al., Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL 2.0) - [Second Edition], <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20050107/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20050107/</a>, W3C, 2001.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[SQL]  ISO/IEC 9075-1:2008 Information Technology -- Database Language -- SQL -- Part 2: Foundation (SQL/Foundation), International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2008.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[SVG]  Jon Ferraiolo, 藤沢 淳 (FUJISAWA Jun), Dean Jackson, Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-SVG11-20030114/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-SVG11-20030114/</a>, W3C, 2003.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[UAX9]<em>  </em>Mark Davis, The Bidirectional Algorithm, Unicode Standard Annex #9, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html</a>, 2005.</p>
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<p>[UNICODE]  The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 5.2.0, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 5.2 (Boston, MA, Addison-Wesley, 2009. ISBN 978-1-936213-00-9).</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[UTR18]  Mark Davis, Andy Heninger, Unicode Regular Expressions, Unicode Technical Report #18, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/tr18-13.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/tr18-13.html</a>, 2008.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[UTR20]<em>  </em>Martin Dürst and Asmus Freytag, Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages, Unicode Technical Report #20, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html</a>, 2003.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[XForms]  John M. Boyer, XForms 1.0 (Third Edition), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xforms-20071029/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xforms-20071029/</a>, W3C, 2007.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[XLink]  Steve DeRose, Eve Maler, David Orchard, XML Linking Language (XLink) Version 1.0, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xlink-20010627/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xlink-20010627/</a>, W3C, 2001.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[XML-ID]  Jonathan Marsh, Daniel Veillard, Norman Walsh, xml:id Version 1.0, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/</a>, W3C, 2005.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[XML-Names]  Tim Bray rt al., Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Second Edition), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-names-20060816">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-names-20060816</a>, W3C, 2006.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[XML1.0]  Tim Bray, Jean Paoli, C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, Eve Maler, François Yergeau , Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/</a>, W3C, 2006.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[XMLENC-CORE]  Donald Eastlake, Joseph Reagle, XML Encryption Syntax and Processing, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xmlenc-core-20021210/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xmlenc-core-20021210/</a>, W3C, 2002.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[XPath]  James Clark, Steve DeRose, XML Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116</a>, W3C, 1999.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[XMLSchema-2]  Paul V. Biron, Ashok Malhotra, XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-2-20041028/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-2-20041028/</a>, W3C, 2004.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[XSL]  Sharon Adler, et al., Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xsl-20011015/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xsl-20011015/</a>, W3C, 2001.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[XSLT]  James Clark, XSL Transformations (XSLT) Version 1.0, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xslt-19991116">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xslt-19991116</a>, W3C, 1999.</p>
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<h2>Non Normative References</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>[BibTeXing]</strong><strong>  </strong>Oren Patashnik, <em>BIBTEXing</em>,  http://mirrors.ctan.org/biblio/bibtex/base/btxdoc.pdf</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[<strong>UAX9</strong>]<em>  </em>Mark Davis, <em>The Bidirectional Algorithm</em>, Unicode Standard Annex #9, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html</a>, 2005.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>[<strong>UTR20</strong>]<em>  </em>Martin Dürst and Asmus Freytag, <em>Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages</em>, Unicode Technical Report #20, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html</a>, 2003.</p>
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<h2>Namespaces</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tables 1-6 list namespaces used or defined by OpenDocument. </p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The defined XML namespaces conform to the <em>Namespaces in XML</em> specification [XML-Names].</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This specification uses the prefixes defined in Tables 1 and 2 when referring to elements and attributes in this specification. However, implementors may use any prefix, provided that there is a namespace declaration that binds the prefix to the IRI of the corresponding namespace.</p>
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<p>Table 1 - XML Namespaces defined by the OpenDocument schema</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>anim</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe animation content.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>animation:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>chart</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe chart content.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>chart:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>config</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe application specific settings.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>config:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>db</p></td><td><p>For elements and attributes that describe database specific objects.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>database:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dr3d</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe 3D graphic content.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>dr3d:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>draw</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe graphic content.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>drawing:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe forms and controls.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>form:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>manifest</p></td><td><p>Elements and attribute contained in the package manifest.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>manifest:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>meta</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe meta information.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>meta:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>number</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe data style information.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>datastyle:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>office</p></td><td><p>All common pieces of information not contained in another, more specific namespace.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>office:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>presentation</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe presentation content.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>presentation:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>script</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that represent scripts or events.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>script:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>table</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that may occur in spreadsheets or in table in a text document.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>table:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>text</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that may occur within text documents and text parts of other document types.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>text:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>style</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe the style and inheritance model used by the OpenDocument format. </p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>style:1.0</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>Table 2 - XML Namespaces defined by the OpenDocument metadata manifest ontology</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>odf</p></td><td><p>RDF node property and node elements for OpenDocument package entities</p></td><td><p>http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf#</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>Table 3 - XML Namespaces defined by the OpenDocument schema that include elements and attributes that are compatible to elements and attributes of other standards.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>fo</p></td><td><p>Attributes that are compatible to attributes defined in [XSL].</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>xsl-fo-compatible:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>svg</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that are derived from elements or attributes defined in [SVG].</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>svg-compatible:1.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>smil</p></td><td><p>Attributes that are derived from to attributes defined in [SMIL20].</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br/>smil-compatible:1.0</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>Table 4 - XML Namespaces used by the OpenDocument schema</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>dc</p></td><td><p>The Dublin Core Namespace (see [DCMI]).</p></td><td><p>http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>math</p></td><td><p>MathML Namespace (see [MathML])</p></td><td><p>http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>xforms</p></td><td><p>The XForms namespace (see [XForms]).</p></td><td><p>http://www.w3.org/2002/xforms</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>xlink</p></td><td><p>The XLink namespace (see [XLink]).</p></td><td><p>http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>xhtml</p></td><td><p>RDFa attributes (see [RDFa]).</p></td><td><p>http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>grddl </p></td><td><p>GRDDL attributes (see [GRDDL])</p></td><td><p>http://www.w3.org/2003/g/data-view# </p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>Table 5 - XML Namespaces defined by the OpenDocument metadata manifest ontology</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>pkg</p></td><td><p>OWL classes and properties contained in metadata manifest files.</p></td><td><p>http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/pkg#</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>Table 6 - Other XML Namespaces defined by this specification</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>of</p></td><td><p>Namespace for formulas defined by Part 4 of this specification that occur in attribute values. </p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2 </p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h1>OpenDocument Documents, Consumers and Producers</h1>
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<h2>Introduction</h2>
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<p>The OpenDocument specification defines conformance for documents, consumers, and producers, with two conformance classes called conforming and extended conforming. It further defines conforming text, spreadsheet, drawing, presentation, chart, image, formula and database front end documents. This chapter defines the basic requirements for the individual conformance targets. </p>
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<h2>Document Conformance</h2>
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<h3>OpenDocument Document</h3>
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<p>An<em> OpenDocument</em> <em>document</em> shall meet the following requirements:</p>
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<ol type="A"><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then <ul><li>it shall be a conforming OpenDocument package [ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages], 2.2 Packages, and</li><li>the package shall contain at least one of the following files: content.xml and styles.xml. It may contain additional files.</li></ul></li><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then the following requirements shall be met for its contained files named content.xml, styles.xml, settings.xml, and meta.xml if present:<ul><li>The files shall be well-formed XML documents with respect to the XML 1.0 [XML1.0]specification.</li><li>The XML root elements of the files shall be <ul><li>&lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2 or &lt;math:math&gt; 14.6 for files named content.xml,</li><li>&lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3 for files named styles.xml,</li><li>&lt;office:document-meta&gt; 3.1.3.4 for files named meta.xml,</li><li>&lt;office:document-settings&gt; 3.1.3.5 for files named settings.xml.</li></ul></li><li>If the XML root element of a file is &lt;office:document-content&gt;, &lt;office:document-styles&gt;, &lt;office:document-meta&gt; or &lt;office:document-settings&gt;, then the XML file shall be valid with respect to the schema defined in appendix A.</li><li>If the XML root element of a file is &lt;math:math&gt;, then the XML file shall be valid with respect to the MathML 2.0 [MathML] schema.</li></ul></li><li>If the document is a single XML file, then <ul><li>the file shall be a well-formed XML document with respect to the XML 1.0 [XML1.0] specification</li><li>the XML root element of the file shall be &lt;office:document&gt;.</li><li>the XML file shall validate against the schema defined in appendix A.</li></ul></li><li>The files contained in a package listed in B) or the single file listed in C) meet the following requirements:<ul><li>They shall conform to the XML Namespaces specification [XML-Names].</li><li>They shall conform to the xml-id Version 1.0 specification [XML-ID].</li><li>If a style:condition, table:condition, table:expression, table:formula or text:formula attribute value begins with a namespace prefix bound to namespace &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.3,&quot; the syntax and semantics of the attribute value portions that are expressions determined by the prefix shall conform to Part4 of this specification. If a style:condition, table:condition, table:expression, table:formula or text:formula attribute value has no namespace prefix, the attribute value portions that are expressions determined by a prefix shall conform as if there were a prefix bound to namespace &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.3&quot;.</li></ul></li><li>It shall conform to one of: OpenDocument Text Document (2.2.3), OpenDocument Spreadsheet Document (2.2.4), OpenDocument Drawing Document (2.2.5), OpenDocument Presentation Document (2.2.6), OpenDocument Chart Document (2.2.7), OpenDocument Image Document (2.2.8), OpenDocument Formula Document (2.2.9), OpenDocument Database Front End Document (2.2.10). </li></ol>
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<h3>OpenDocument Extended Document</h3>
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<p>An<em> OpenDocument extended document</em> shall meet all requirements of a conforming document listed in 2.2.1 except A.1), B.3), C.3) and E) and shall meet the following requirements:</p>
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<ol type="A"><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then it shall be a conforming ODF extended package [ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages], 2.2.2 OpenDocument Extended Package.</li><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then the following requirement shall be met for its contained files named content.xml, styles.xml, settings.xml, and meta.xml if present:<ul><li>If the XML root element of a file is &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2, &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3, &lt;office:document-meta&gt; 3.1.3.4 or &lt;office:document-settings&gt; 3.1.3.5, then the XML file shall be valid with respect to the schema defined in appendix A, after the following processing of foreign elements has taken place:<ul><li>Foreign elements and attributes, as defined in section 3.17 have been removed.</li><li>The content of foreign elements has been processed as defined in section 3.17.</li></ul></li></ul></li><li>If the document is a single XML file, then the XML files shall be valid against the schema defined in appendix A, after processing of foreign elements as defined in B.1) has taken place.</li></ol>
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<h3>OpenDocument Text Document</h3>
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<p>An<em> OpenDocument Text document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
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<ol type="A"><li>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 3.1.2 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text&quot;, &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template&quot;, &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master-template&quot;.</li><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text&quot;, &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template&quot;, &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master-template&quot;.</li><li>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</li></ol>
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<h3>OpenDocument Spreadsheet Document</h3>
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<p>An<em> OpenDocument Spreadsheet document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
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<ol type="A"><li>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template&quot;.</li><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template&quot;.</li><li>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7.</li><li>All namespace prefixes used in the values of table:formula attributes values shall be bound to the &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2 &quot; namespace.</li><li>All table:formula attribute values shall be a conforming OpenDocument Formula expression [ODF1.3-Part-4:OpenFormula] 2.2 OpenDocument Formula Expression.</li></ol>
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<h3>OpenDocument Drawing Document</h3>
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<p>An<em> OpenDocument Drawing document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
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<ol type="A"><li>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template&quot;.</li><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template&quot;.</li><li>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5.</li></ol>
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<h3>OpenDocument Presentation Document</h3>
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<p>An<em> OpenDocument Presentation document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
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<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="A"><li>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template&quot;.</li><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template&quot;.</li><li>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element 3.6 &lt;office:presentation&gt;.</li></ol>
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<h3>OpenDocument Chart Document</h3>
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<p>An<em> OpenDocument Chart document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
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<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="A"><li>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template&quot;.</li><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template&quot;.</li><li>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:chart&gt; 19.379.</li></ol>
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<h3>OpenDocument Image Document</h3>
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<p>An<em> OpenDocument Image document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
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<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="A"><li>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template&quot;.</li><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template&quot;.</li><li>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:image&gt; 3.9.</li></ol>
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<h3>OpenDocument Formula Document</h3>
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<p>An <em>OpenDocument Formula document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements: </p>
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<ol type="A"><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package, the package shall contain a file named mimetype with content being the string &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula&quot;. </li><li>The package &quot;content.xml&quot; file shall have a &lt;math:math&gt; 14.6 root element. </li></ol>
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<h3>OpenDocument Database Front End Document</h3>
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<p>An <em>OpenDocument Database Front End document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements: </p>
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<ol type="A"><li>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with the value &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.base&quot;. </li><li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing the string &quot; application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.base&quot;. </li><li>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1. </li></ol>
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<h2>Producers</h2>
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<h3>OpenDocument Producer</h3>
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<p>An<em> OpenDocument producer</em> is a program that creates at least one conforming OpenDocument document, and that meets the following additional requirements:</p>
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<ol type="A"><li>It may produce conforming OpenDocument extended documents, but it shall have a mode of operation where it creates conforming OpenDocument documents.</li><li>It shall be accompanied by a document that defines all implementation-defined values used by the OpenDocument producer.</li></ol>
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<h3>OpenDocument Extended Producer</h3>
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<p>An<em> OpenDocument extended producer</em> is a program that creates at least one conforming OpenDocument extended document, and that meets the following additional requirements:</p>
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<ol type="A"><li>It shall be accompanied by a document that defines all implementation-defined values used by the OpenDocument extended producer.</li><li>It should be accompanied by a document that defines all foreign elements and attributes used by the OpenDocument extended producer.</li></ol>
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<h2>Consumer</h2>
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<p>An <em>OpenDocument consumer</em> is a program that can parse and interpret OpenDocument documents according to the semantics defined by this specification, and that meets the following additional requirements:</p>
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<ol type="A"><li>It shall be able to parse and interpret OpenDocument documents of one or more of the document types defined by this specification (see 3.3), but it need not interpret the semantics of all elements, attributes and attribute values.</li><li>It may be able to parse and interpret OpenDocument documents stored as a single XML document, but it need not interpret the semantics of all elements, attributes and attribute values.</li><li>It shall interpret those elements and attributes it does interpret consistent with the semantics defined for the element or attribute by this specification.</li><li>It should be able to parse and interpret conforming OpenDocument extended documents, but it need not interpret the semantics of all elements, attributes and attribute values.</li><li>The XML parser used to parse the files contained in a package listed in 2.2.1, item B) or the single document listed in 2.2.1, item C) meets the following requirements:<ul><li>It shall be a nonvalidating XML processor with regard to the XML 1.0 specification [XML1.0]</li><li>It shall be and be a conforming processor with regard to the XML Namespaces specification [XML-Names].</li><li>It shall conform to the xml-id specification [XML-ID].</li></ul></li></ol>
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<h1>Document Structure</h1>
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<h2>Document Representation </h2>
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<h3>General</h3>
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<p>OpenDocument defines two methods of document representation:</p>
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<ul><li>A single XML document.</li><li>A collection of files within a package ([ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages]), each of which stores a part of a complete document.</li></ul>
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<h3>&lt;office:document&gt;(Single OpenDocument XML Files)</h3>
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<p>The &lt;office:document&gt; element is the root element of a document in OpenDocument format which is represented as a single XML document. It contains the entire document. </p>
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<p>The &lt;office:document&gt; element is a root element.</p>
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<p>The &lt;office:document&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2.</p>
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<p>The &lt;office:document&gt; element has the following attributes: grddl:transformation 19.320, office:mimetype 19.379 and office:version 19.390.</p>
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<p>The &lt;office:document&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3, &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3, &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; 3.14, &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4, &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2, &lt;office:scripts&gt; 3.12, &lt;office:settings&gt; 3.10 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
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<h3>Package OpenDocument Files</h3>
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<h4>General</h4>
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<p> The potential root elements for an OpenDocument document represented as a package are defined in OpenDocument Document, 2.2.1.</p>
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<p>A package may also contain image files, embedded objects and implementation-dependent files.</p>
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<h4>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</h4>
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<p>The &lt;office:document-content&gt; root element contains document content and automatic styles used in a document. The file within a package for the &lt;office:document-content&gt; element is content.xml. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-content&gt; element is a root element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-content&gt; element has the following attributes: grddl:transformation 19.320 and office:version 19.390.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-content&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3, &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3, &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; 3.14 and &lt;office:scripts&gt; 3.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-styles&gt; root element contains styles used in document content and automatic styles used in styles. The file within a package for the &lt;office:document-styles&gt; element is styles.xml.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-styles&gt; element is a root element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-styles&gt; element has the following attributes: grddl:transformation 19.320 and office:version 19.390.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-styles&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3, &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; 3.14, &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-meta&gt; root element contains document metadata elements. The file within a package for the &lt;office:document-meta&gt; element is meta.xml.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-meta&gt; element is a root element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-meta&gt; element has the following attributes: grddl:transformation 19.320 and office:version 19.390.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-meta&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-settings&gt; root element contains implementation-dependent settings. The file within a package for the &lt;office:document-settings&gt; element is settings.xml. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-settings&gt; element is a root element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-settings&gt; element has the following attributes: grddl:transformation 19.320 and office:version 19.390.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:document-settings&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:settings&gt; 3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Summary of Document Representation</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument file models are summarized in Table 7. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 7 - Root element content models</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Root Element</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:meta&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:settings&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:styles&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:body&gt;</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>&lt;office:document&gt;</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:meta&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:meta&gt; element contains metadata elements for a document that are not specified by a manifest.rdf file. 4.2.2</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All the child elements of an &lt;office:meta&gt; element contain metadata about a document as a whole.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:meta&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-meta&gt; 3.1.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:meta&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:meta&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dc:creator&gt; 4.3.2.7, &lt;dc:date&gt; 4.3.2.10, &lt;dc:description&gt; 4.3.2.3, &lt;dc:language&gt; 4.3.2.15, &lt;dc:subject&gt; 4.3.2.4, &lt;dc:title&gt; 4.3.2.2, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; 4.3.2.9, &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18, &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; 4.3.2.16, &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; 4.3.2.17, &lt;meta:generator&gt; 4.3.2.1, &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; 4.3.2.14, &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; 4.3.2.6, &lt;meta:keyword&gt; 4.3.2.5, &lt;meta:print-date&gt; 4.3.2.11, &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; 4.3.2.8, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12 and &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:body&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:body&gt; element contains the elements that represent the content of a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:body&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:body&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:body&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:image&gt; 3.9, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:text&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:text&gt; element represents the content of a text document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:text&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:text&gt; element has the following attributes: text:global 19.812 and text:use-soft-page-breaks 19.903.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:text&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2, &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7, &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4, &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2, &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14, &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8, &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; 5.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:drawing&gt; element represents a drawing document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:drawing&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:drawing&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:drawing&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7, &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4, &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2, &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14, &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8, &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:presentation&gt; element represents a presentation document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:presentation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:presentation&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:presentation&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; 10.9.3.6, &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; 10.9.3.4, &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; 10.9.3.2, &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7, &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7, &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4, &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2, &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14, &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8, &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; element represents a spreadsheet document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; element has the following attributes: table:protection-key 19.701, table:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.702 and table:structure-protected 19.729.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7, &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4, &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2, &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14, &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8, &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:chart&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:chart&gt; element represents a chart document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:chart&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:chart&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:chart&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7, &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4, &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2, &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14, &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8, &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:image&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:image&gt; element represents an image document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:image&gt; element contains a &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 element which shall contain a single &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4 element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:image&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:image&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:settings&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:settings&gt; element contains one or more &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; elements, each of which represents a set of application settings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:settings&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-settings&gt; 3.1.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:settings&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:settings&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; element is a container element for application setting elements. Setting child elements may occur in any order.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer shall use application settings to alter application behavior only within the dimensions of variability permitted by this standard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5, &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2 and &lt;office:settings&gt; 3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; element has the following attribute: config:name 19.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;config:config-item&gt; 3.10.3, &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; 3.10.4, &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; 3.10.6 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item&gt; element contains the value of an application setting whose name is specified by its config:name attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item&gt; element has the following attributes: config:name 19.29 and config:type 19.30.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; element is a container element for ordered sequences of application settings. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; element has the following attribute: config:name 19.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; element represents a single setting in a sequence of settings. The setting itself is defined by the child element of &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;, and may be a single value, a set of settings, or a sequence of settings. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; 3.10.4 and &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; 3.10.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; element has the following attribute: config:name 19.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;config:config-item&gt; 3.10.3, &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; 3.10.4, &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; 3.10.6 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; element contains a sequence of application setting elements. Each sequence is identified by the value of its config:name attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; element has the following attribute: config:name 19.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Cursor Position Setting</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A processing instruction with PITarget (see §2.6 of [XML1.0]) followed by the string cursor-position represents a text cursor position in a document. The string cursor-position may be followed by an arbitrary implementation-defined string. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Where a text cursor position is not sufficient to recreate a document view, producers may use arbitrary document-specific settings in addition to a cursor position processing instruction. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:scripts&gt; element contains all the &lt;office:script&gt; elements for a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Each &lt;office:script&gt; element contains a script. A document may contain scripts in different scripting languages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Scripts need not use XML document models.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:scripts&gt; element may also contain &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.4.4 elements which contain the events assigned to the document itself. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:scripts&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:scripts&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:scripts&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19 and &lt;office:script&gt; 3.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:script&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:script&gt; element contains a script.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: In most situations, the element contains the source code of the script, but it may also contain a compiled version of the script or a link to external script code.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:script&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:scripts&gt; 3.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:script&gt; element has the following attribute: script:language 19.434.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:script&gt; element has mixed content where arbitrary child elements are permitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; element contains all the font face declarations (&lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23 elements) for a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2, &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are three types of styles for documents: common, automatic and master. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Page layouts and styles are defined by &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 elements, respectively. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:styles&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:styles&gt; element contains common styles used in a document. A common style is a style chosen by a user for a document or portion thereof.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:styles&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:styles&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:styles&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1, &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5, &lt;draw:marker&gt; 16.42.8, &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7, &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9, &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19, &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; 16.8, &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4, &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; 16.43, &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2, &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2, &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3, &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20, &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6, &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1, &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32, &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3 and &lt;text:outline-style&gt; 16.36.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; element contains automatic styles used in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An automatic style is a set of formatting properties treated as properties of the object to which the style is assigned. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Common and automatic styles behave differently in OpenDocument editing consumers. Common styles present to a user as a named set of formatting properties. The formatting properties of an automatic style present to a user as properties of the object to which the style is applied. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2, &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19, &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5, &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 and &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element contains master styles that are used in a document. A master style contains formatting and other content that is displayed with document content when the style is used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; 10.2.2, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Document Signatures</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An OpenDocument document that is stored in a package may have one or more digital signatures applied to the package.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Document signatures are stored in a file called META-INF/documentsignatures.xml in the package as described in section 3.5 of the OpenDocument specification Part2. Document signatures shall contain a &lt;ds:Reference&gt; element for each file within the package, with the exception that &lt;ds:Reference&gt; elements for the META-INF/documentsignatures.xml file containing the signature, and any files contained in the package whose relative path starts with &quot;external-data/&quot; should be omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Signatures other than document signatures are implementation-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Foreign Elements and Attributes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument extended documents may contain elements and attributes not defined by the OpenDocument schema. Elements and attributes not defined by the OpenDocument schema are called <em>foreign elements</em> and <em>attributes</em>. Foreign elements and attributes shall not use a namespace listed in tables 1, 2 or 3 of section 1.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a foreign element has a &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2 or &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3 ancestor element, and is a child element of an element for which the OpenDocument schema permits the inclusion of character data, and if the OpenDocument schema permits the inclusion of character data for all its ancestors up to the &lt;text:p&gt; or &lt;text:h&gt; element ancestor element, or a &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 ancestor element, then the element&#039;s content may be interpreted by conforming OpenDocument consumers, and the document itself shall be valid against the OpenDocument schema as if the foreign element&#039;s start- and end-tags or its empty-element-tag are removed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a foreign element that occurs at another location, conforming consumers should not interpret but may preserve the element’s content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Conforming extended producers should not use foreign elements and attributes for features defined in the OpenDocument specification.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When a conforming consumer encounters an OpenDocument defined attribute that has a value that is not defined by OpenDocument, it should: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>If the attribute has a specified default value, use its default value, or </li><li>If the attribute does not have a specified default value, ignore the attribute. </li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>White Space Processing and EOL Handling</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ODF processing of white space characters is in conformance with the provisions of [XML1.0].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition, OpenDocument Consumers shall ignore all element children ([RNG] section 5, Data Model) of elements defined in this specification that are strings consisting entirely of white space characters and which do not satisfy a pattern of the OpenDocument schema definition for the element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Additional treatment of occurrences of white space characters depends on the provisions for specific elements, attributes, and their datatypes in this specification. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: There are special OpenDocument rules for the reduction of white space sequences 3.18 to single space characters in the text obtained from &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2 and their descendant elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>MIME Types and File Name Extensions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Office documents contained in a package use the MIME types and file name extensions listed in Appendix C.  See 3.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Office documents not contained in a package should use the MIME type text/xml.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Only MIME types and extensions that have been registered according to [RFC6838] should be used for office documents that conform to this specification. The MIME types and extensions listed in appendix C should be used where appropriate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Metadata</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Metadata is general information about a document or its content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument supports five types of metadata:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>RDF metadata describing documents or the content of identifiable OpenDocument elements. 4.2.2</li><li>Text content being used as RDF metadata. 4.2.1 </li><li>Pre-defined metadata (meta.xml). 4.3.2</li><li>User-defined metadata (using the &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element). 4.3.3</li><li>Custom metadata (custom XML elements within meta.xml). 4.3.1</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Pre-defined and user-defined metadata are both stored in the metadata &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.18 element. The elements representing this metadata may be omitted or occur multiple times. The updating of multiple instances of the same metadata elements is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>RDF Metadata</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>In-Content Metadata (RDFa)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Metadata in OpenDocument documents may be expressed using the model of the W3C Resource Description Framework [RDF-CONCEPTS].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RDF metadata is supported as in-content metadata and by manifest.rdf. 4.2.2. RDF metadata can be attached to elements in the &quot;content.xml&quot; and &quot;styles.xml&quot; file. Elements supporting this type of metadata have the following attributes: xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:property 19.914, xhtml:content 19.912, and xhtml:datatype 19.913. When metadata is added using these attributes, it is referred to as in-content metadata. If &quot;content.xml&quot; and &quot;styles.xml&quot; files contain in-content metadata they shall be listed in the package&#039;s &quot;manifest.rdf&quot; file. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>manifest.rdf</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>General</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The OpenDocument document contains a metadata manifest, as defined in Part 3 of this specification. The [OWL] Metadata Manifest Description ontology defined in Part 3 is extended with additional properties and classes in appendix B. The following OWL classes and properties are defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>odf:ContentFile</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An instance of the odf:ContentFile class represents a content.xml file.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The odf:ContentFile class is a subclass of pkg:File.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>odf:StylesFile</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An instance of the odf:StylesFile class represents a styles.xml file.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The odf:StylesFile class is a subclass of pkg:File</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>odf:Element</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An instance of the odf:Element class represents an OpenDocument XML element in a content.xml or styles.xml file. It is a subclass of the pkg:Element class, which represents any XML element in the OpenDocument package.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: One or more rdf:type properties specify the metadata type of an odf:Element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Every XML element that is defined by this specification and has an attribute of type ID may be described using an OWL class. The IRI of an OWL class for an element is the concatenation of the element&#039;s QName namespace IRI and its local name part. These classes are subclasses of odf:Element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following properties are defined for the subclass describing a &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element (urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0meta-field) : odf:prefix 4.2.2.5 and odf:suffix 4.2.2.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>odf:prefix</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The odf:prefix property defines the prefix content of a &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element 7.5.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This property can be used with the following class: urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0meta-field 4.2.2.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>odf:suffix</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The odf:suffix property defines the suffix content of a &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element 7.5.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This property can be used with the following class: urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0meta-field 4.2.2.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Non-RDF Metadata</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Non-RDF metadata in OpenDocument is composed of pre-defined metadata elements, user-defined metadata elements, and custom metadata elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The pre-defined metadata elements have defined semantics. They should be processed by consumers and updated by producers. They can be referenced from within the document using text fields.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The pre-defined metadata elements borrow heavily upon the metadata standards developed by the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (http://www.dublincore.org). Metadata elements drawn directly from the Dublin Core work are in the http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1 namespace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>User-defined metadata specifies a triplet of name, type, and value. Consumers can present these values to the user. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Custom metadata elements are arbitrary elements inside an &lt;office:meta&gt; element. The semantics of custom metadata elements is implementation-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Custom metadata elements shall only occur in OpenDocument extended documents. The use of custom metadata is deprecated in favor of RDF/XML based metadata.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Consumers need not process custom metadata other than to preserve it when editing a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Pre-Defined Metadata Elements</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:generator&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:generator&gt; element contains a string that identifies the OpenDocument producer that was used to create or last modify the document. This string should match the definition for user-agents in the HTTP protocol as specified in section 14.43 of [RFC2616]. The generator string should allow OpenDocument consumers to distinguish between all released versions of a producer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Release versions of a producer could be distinguished based on build identifiers or patch-level information.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If an OpenDocument producer that creates a document cannot provide an identifier string, the producer shall not export this element. If a producer stores a modified document created by another producer cannot provide a unique identifier, it shall not export the original identifier belonging to the producer that created the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:generator&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:generator&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:generator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:generator&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;dc:title&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:title&gt; element specifies the title of a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:title&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:title&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:title&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:title&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;dc:description&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:description&gt; element contains a description of a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:description&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:description&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:description&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:description&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;dc:subject&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:subject&gt; element specifies the subject of a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:subject&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:subject&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:subject&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:subject&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:keyword&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:keyword&gt; element contains a keyword pertaining to a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:keyword&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:keyword&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:keyword&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:keyword&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:initial-creator&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element specifies the name of the initial creator of a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:creator&gt; element specifies the name of the person who last modified a document (&lt;office:meta&gt;), who created an annotation (&lt;office:annotation&gt;), who authored a change (&lt;office:change-info&gt;). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:creator&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7 and &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:creator&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:creator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:creator&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:printed-by&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element specifies the name of the last person who printed a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:creation-date&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element specifies the date and time when a document was created.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element has content of data type dateTime 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;dc:date&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:date&gt; element specifies the date and time when the document was last modified (&lt;office:meta&gt;), when an annotation was created (&lt;office:annotation&gt;), when a change was made (&lt;office:change-info&gt;).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7 and &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:date&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:date&gt; element has content of data type dateTime 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:print-date&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element specifies the date and time when a document was last printed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element has content of data type dateTime 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:template&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:template&gt; element specifies an IRI for the document template that was used to create a document. The IRI is specified using the xlink:href attribute. See [XLink].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:template&gt; element has the following attributes: meta:date 19.323, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:title 19.918 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:template&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; element specifies whether a document is reloaded or replaced by another document after a specified period of time has elapsed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; element has the following attributes: meta:delay 19.324, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; element specifies the default behavior for hyperlinks in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; element has the following attributes: office:target-frame-name 19.385 and xlink:show 19.917.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;dc:language&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:language&gt; element specifies the default language of a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:language&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:language&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:language&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dc:language&gt; element has content of data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element specifies the number of times a document has been edited. When a document is created, this value is set to 1. Each time a document is saved, the editing-cycles number is incremented by 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element has content of data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:editing-duration&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element specifies the total time spent editing a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element has content of data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element represents statistics about a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element has the following attributes: meta:cell-count 19.321, meta:character-count 19.322, meta:draw-count 19.325, meta:frame-count 19.326, meta:image-count 19.327, meta:non-whitespace-character-count 19.329, meta:object-count 19.330, meta:ole-object-count 19.331, meta:page-count 19.332, meta:paragraph-count 19.333, meta:row-count 19.334, meta:sentence-count 19.335, meta:syllable-count 19.336, meta:table-count 19.337 and meta:word-count 19.339.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element specifies any additional user-defined metadata for a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element has the following attributes: meta:name 19.328, meta:value-type 19.338.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element has character data content, or depending on the value of the meta:value-type attribute content of type double 18.2, date 18.2, dateTime 18.2, duration 18.2, boolean 18.3.3 or string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Text Content</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Headings, Paragraphs and Basic Text Structure</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:h&gt; and &lt;text:p&gt; elements represent headings and paragraphs, respectively. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Headings and paragraphs are collectively referred to as <em>paragraph elements</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:h&gt; element represents a heading in a document. Headings define the division structure for a document. A chapter or section begins with a heading and extends to the next heading at the same or higher level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:h&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:h&gt; element has the following attributes: text:class-names 19.775, text:cond-style-name 19.781, text:id 19.815, text:is-list-header 19.822, text:outline-level 19.850, text:restart-numbering 19.863, text:start-value 19.874, text:style-name 19.880, xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:h&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:number&gt; 6.1.10, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:p&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:p&gt; element represents a paragraph, which is the basic unit of text in an OpenDocument file.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:p&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19, &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; 17.24, &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2, &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7, &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:p&gt; element has the following attributes: text:class-names 19.775, text:cond-style-name 19.781, text:id 19.815, text:style-name 19.880, xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:p&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:page-sequence&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; element contains at least one &lt;text:page&gt; element. If there is more than one &lt;text:page&gt; element, the text:master-page-name attribute of the first &lt;text:page&gt; element specifies the default master style for a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:page&gt; 5.2.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:page&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page&gt; element represents a page in a &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; 5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page&gt; element has the following attribute: text:master-page-name 19.839.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Lists</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:list&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list&gt; element represents a list. It may contain a &lt;text:list-header&gt; element, followed by any number of &lt;text:list-item&gt; elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lists may be numbered. The numbering may be restarted with a specific numbering at each list item. Lists may also continue numbering from other lists in order to merge lists into a single, discontinuous list. Whether list numbering is displayed or not depends on the list style being used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Every list has a list level, which is determined by the nesting of the &lt;text:list&gt; element that represents that list. If a list is not contained in another list, its list level is 1. If a list is contained within another list, the list level of the contained list is the list level of the list in which it is contained incremented by one. If a list is contained in a table cell or text box, its list level returns to 1, even if the table or text box is nested in another list. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Every list with a list level of 1 defines a list and the counter domain for its list items and any sub-list of that list. Each sub-list starts a counter for its list items and any sub-list it may contain. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Every list, including sub-lists, may have a list style which is applied to its list items and sub-lists. A list style specified for a sub-list overrides the list style specified for the list in which the sub-list is contained.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list&gt; element has the following attributes: text:continue-list 19.785, text:continue-numbering 19.786, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3 and &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Default List Style </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a list does not have a style:name attribute and therefore no list style is specified, one of the following actions is taken:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If the list is contained in another list, the list style defaults to the style of the surrounding list.</li><li>If there is no list style specified for the surrounding list, but the list contains paragraphs that have paragraph styles attached that specify a list style, that list style is used. </li><li>An implementation-dependent default is applied to the list. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To determine which formatting properties are applied to a list, the list level and its style name are taken into account. 16.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-header&gt; element represents a list header and is a type of list item. It contains one or more paragraphs that are displayed before a list. The paragraphs are formatted as list items but they do not have a preceding number or bullet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-header&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-header&gt; element has the following attribute: xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-header&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:number&gt; 6.1.10, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3 and &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-item&gt; element represents an item in a list.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-item&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-item&gt; element has the following attributes: text:start-value 19.874, text:style-override 19.881 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-item&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:number&gt; 6.1.10, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3 and &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>List Item Style Rules</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The first line in a list item is may be preceded by a bullet or number, depending on the list style assigned to the list. If a list item starts another list and does not contain any text, no bullet or number is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The list style which is applied to a list need not contain a list level style for the list level the list item specifies. The following rules are applied to determine the list level style in this case</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If the list is contained in another list, the list level style defined in the list style which is applied to the surrounding list for the level of the item is used.</li><li>If a list is not contained in (surrounded by) another list or does not have an assigned list level style, the list level style defined by the default list style is used.  See 5.3.2.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element numbers an individual paragraph, as if it was part of a list at a specified level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Numbered paragraphs form an equivalent, alternative way of specifying lists. A list in &lt;text:list&gt; representation can be converted into a list in &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; representation and vice versa.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element is deprecated in favor of the &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A numbered paragraph can be assigned a list level. A numbered paragraph is equivalent to a list nested to the given level, containing one list item with one paragraph. If no level is given, the numbered paragraph is interpreted as being on level 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a list style is not specified for a numbered paragraph, the list style of the previous numbered paragraph in the same sublist is used. If this paragraph is the first in the sublist, the list style of the previous paragraph in the higher list level is used. If there is no specified list style, the default list style is applied. 5.3.2</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a list level style is missing in the applied list style of a numbered paragraph, the same rules are applied to determine this list level style as for list items.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text of a formatted number can be included in a &lt;text:number&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This text can be used by consumers that do not support numbering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element has the following attributes: text:continue-numbering 19.786, text:level 19.834, text:list-id 19.835, text:start-value 19.874, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:number&gt; 6.1.10 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Numbered Paragraph Style Rules (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a list style is not specified for a numbered paragraph, the list style of the previous numbered paragraph in the same list is used. If this paragraph is the first in the list, the list style of the previous numbered paragraph in a higher list level is used. If there is no specified style available, the default style is applied. 5.3.2</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a list level style is missing in the applied list style of a numbered paragraph, the rules for styles on list items are applied. 5.3.5</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:section&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:section&gt; element represents a named portion of content in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sections specify formatting properties for a region of text or text that is automatically acquired from an external data source or document, or another text section.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sections support two ways of linking to external content. If a section is linked to another document, the link can be through one of the following:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A resource identified by an XLink, represented by a &lt;text:section-source&gt; element</li><li>Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE), represented by a &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:section-source&gt; or &lt;office:dde-source&gt; elements are mutually exclusive alternatives. Either element may occur only once as the first child element of a &lt;text:section&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A section that links to external content should contain a full representation of the external content that appears in the section. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Linked external content may have an arbitrary file format. Consumers may process links to external content and the external content itself to update the content that appears in a section. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:section&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:section&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782, text:display 19.802, text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:section&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:section-source&gt; element indicates that a section is a linked section.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:section-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:section-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:filter-name 19.808, text:section-name 19.867, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:section-source&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Change Tracking</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The under-specification of change tracking in ODF 1.2 resulted in varying implementations of this feature. Where interoperability between implementations is required, this feature should be checked for interoperability.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element acts as a container for &lt;text:changed-region&gt; elements that represent changes in a certain scope of an OpenDocument document. This scope is the element in which the &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element occurs. Changes in this scope shall be tracked by &lt;text:changed-region&gt; elements contained in the &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element in this scope.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element is absent, there are no tracked changes in the corresponding scope. In this case, all change mark elements (5.5.8) in this scope shall be ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element has the following attribute: text:track-changes 19.889.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Each &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element contains a single element, one of &lt;text:insertion&gt;, &lt;text:deletion&gt;, or &lt;text:format-change&gt; that corresponds to a change being tracked within the scope of the &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element that contains the &lt;text:changed-region&gt; instance. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xml:id attribute of the &lt;text:changed-region&gt; is referenced from the &lt;text:change&gt;, &lt;text:change-start&gt; and &lt;text:change-end&gt; elements that identify where the change applies to markup in the scope of the &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;text:changed-region&gt; can be referenced by more than one change, but the corresponding referencing change mark elements shall be of the same change type - insertion, format change or deletion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element has the following attributes: text:id 19.815 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:format-change&gt; 5.5.6 and &lt;text:insertion&gt; 5.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:insertion&gt; element contains the information that identifies the person responsible for a change and the date of that change. This information may also contain one or more &lt;text:p&gt; elements which contains a comment on the insertion. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:insertion&gt; element&#039;s parent &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element has an xml:id or text:id attribute, the value of which binds that parent element to the text:change-id attribute on the &lt;text:change-start&gt; and &lt;text:change-end&gt; elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:insertion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:insertion&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:insertion&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:deletion&gt; element contains information that identifies the person responsible for a deletion and the date of that deletion. This information may also contain one or more &lt;text:p&gt; elements which contains a comment on the deletion. The &lt;text:deletion&gt; element may also contain content that was deleted while change tracking was enabled. The position where the text was deleted is marked by a &lt;text:change&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Deleted text is contained in a paragraph element. To reconstruct the original text, the paragraph containing the deleted text is merged with its surrounding paragraph or heading element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To reconstruct the text before a deletion took place:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If the change mark is inside a paragraph, insert the content that was deleted, but remove all leading start tags up to and including the first &lt;text:p&gt; element and all trailing end tags up to and including the last &lt;/text:p&gt; or &lt;/text:h&gt; element. If the last trailing element is a &lt;/text:h&gt;, change the end tag &lt;/text:p&gt; following this insertion to a &lt;/text:h&gt; element. </li><li>If the change mark is inside a heading, insert the content that was deleted, but remove all leading start tags up to and including the first &lt;text:h&gt; element and all trailing end tags up to and including the last &lt;/text:h&gt; or &lt;/text:p&gt; element. If the last trailing element is a &lt;/text:p&gt;, change the end tag &lt;/text:h&gt; following this insertion to a &lt;/text:p&gt; element. </li><li>Otherwise, copy the text content of the &lt;text:deletion&gt; element in place of the change mark.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:deletion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:deletion&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:deletion&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:format-change&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:format-change&gt; element represents any change in formatting attributes. The region where the change took place is marked by &lt;text:change-start&gt;, &lt;text:change-end&gt; or &lt;text:change&gt; elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This element does not contain formatting changes that have taken place.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:format-change&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:format-change&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:format-change&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:change-info&gt; element represents who made a change and when. It may also contain a comment (one or more &lt;text:p&gt; elements) on the change.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:change-info&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3, &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:format-change&gt; 5.5.6 and &lt;text:insertion&gt; 5.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:change-info&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:change-info&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dc:creator&gt; 4.3.2.7, &lt;dc:date&gt; 4.3.2.10 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Change Marks</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>General</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The change mark elements mark start, end and positions in a text where a change has occurred. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These elements use the text:change-id attribute to link to &lt;text:changed-region&gt; elements that contain the change information. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> The &lt;text:change-start&gt; element marks the start of a region with content where text has been inserted or the format has been changed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change-start&gt; element has the following attribute: text:change-id 19.771.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change-end&gt; element marks the end of a region with content where text has been inserted or the format has been changed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:change-id 19.771.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:change&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change&gt; element marks a position in an empty region where text has been deleted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change&gt; element has the following attribute: text:change-id 19.771.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:change&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; element represents a soft page break within or between paragraph elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As a child element of a &lt;table:table&gt; element it represents a soft page break between two table rows. It may appear in front of a &lt;table:table-row&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; 9.1.7, &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9, &lt;table:table-rows&gt; 9.1.8, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Document Declarations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following declaration elements appear before the main content element of a document: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3 – declarations for variable fields. </li><li>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 – declarations for user-defined fields. </li><li>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12 – declarations for sequence fields.</li><li>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12 – declarations for DDE fields and DDE sections.</li><li>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3 – declaration for generation of alphabetical indexes. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Paragraph Elements Content</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Basic Text Content</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The paragraph elements &lt;text:p&gt; and &lt;text:h&gt; and their descendant elements contain the text content of any document. The <em>character content</em> of a paragraph consists of the character data of the paragraph element and the character data of its descendant elements concatenated in document order, with the following exceptions:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Character data contained in the following elements or their descendant elements are not included in the character content of a paragraph:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>&lt;text:note-body&gt;. 6.3.4.</li><li>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;. 7.5.19</li><li>&lt;office:annotation&gt;. 14.1</li><li>Drawing shape and frame elements defined in sections 10.3, 10.4, 10.5 and 10.6.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This should significantly ease transformations into other formats, since transformations need not interpret most of the descendant elements of a paragraph element to obtain the character content of a paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The phrase &quot;document order&quot; when used with reference to an OpenDocument document instance is defined by §5.0 Data Model [XPath]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>White Space Characters</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Consumers shall collapse white space characters that occur in </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>a &lt;text:p&gt; or &lt;text:h&gt; element (so-called paragraph elements), and </li><li>in their descendant elements, if the OpenDocument schema permits &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4 or &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.4 as element content..</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Collapsing white space characters is defined by the following algorithm:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Descendant &lt;text:ruby&gt; elements are replaced with their &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; child elements.</li><li>Descendant elements of the paragraph element which are not &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; or &lt;text:line-break&gt; elements and for which the OpenDocument schema does not permit &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; and &lt;text:line-break&gt; as child elements are removed from the paragraph element.</li><li>Descendant elements of the paragraph element for which the OpenDocument schema permits &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; and &lt;text:line-break&gt; as child elements are replaced by their character data and &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; and &lt;text:line-break&gt; element children.</li><li>The following [UNICODE] characters are replaced by a “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character:<ul><li>HORIZONTAL TABULATION (U+0009)</li><li>CARRIAGE RETURN (U+000D)</li><li>LINE FEED (U+000A)</li></ul></li><li>Leading “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters at the start of the resulting text and trailing SPACE characters at the end of the resulting text are removed.</li><li>Sequences of “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters are replaced by a single “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character. </li><li>The remaining &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; and &lt;text:line-break&gt; elements are interpreted as the [UNICODE] white space characters they represent.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument producers shall produce paragraph elements that, when consumed according to this algorithm, result in the expected amount of white space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall either process white space such that the result is equivalent to the result of the given algorithm, or implement a variation that increases interoperability with popular OpenDocument 1.2 producers. The variation replaces step 2 of the algorithm with steps 2a and 2b:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>2a) Descendant elements of the paragraph element that are mark elements (&lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4,&lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3,&lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2<br/>&lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2,&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4,&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3,&lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2<br/>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4,&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3,&lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4,&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3,&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2,&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7,&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6,&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5,&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10,&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9,&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8) are removed from the paragraph element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>2b) Descendant elements of the paragraph element which are not &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; or &lt;text:line-break&gt; elements and for which the OpenDocument schema does not permit &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; and &lt;text:line-break&gt; as child elements are replaced with a hypothetical &lt;text:s text:c=&quot;0&quot;/&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: XML formatting software that does not implement the ODF white space rules may introduce or remove spaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:s&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:s&gt; element is used to represent the [UNICODE] character “ “ (U+0020, SPACE).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This element shall be used to represent the second and all following “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters in a sequence of “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: It is not an error if the character preceding the element is not a white space character, but it is good practice to use this element only for the second and all following “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters in a sequence. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:s&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:s&gt; element has the following attribute: text:c 19.768.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:s&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:tab&gt;</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:tab&gt; element represents the [UNICODE] tab character (HORIZONTAL TABULATION, U+0009). A &lt;text:tab&gt; element specifies that content immediately following it should align at the next tab stop.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:tab&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:tab&gt; element has the following attribute: text:tab-ref 19.883.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:tab&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:line-break&gt; element represents a line break.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:line-break&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:line-break&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:line-break&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Soft Hyphens, Hyphens, and Non-breaking Spaces</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Soft hyphens, hyphens, and non-breaking blanks are represented by [UNICODE] characters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 8 - Unicode characters</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><p>The [UNICODE] character...</p></td><td><p>Represents...</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U-00AD SOFT HYPHEN</p></td><td><p>soft hyphen</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U+2011 NON-BREAKING HYPHEN</p></td><td><p>non-breaking hyphen</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U+OOA0 NO BREAK SPACE</p></td><td><p>non-breaking space</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:span&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:span&gt; element represents the application of a style to the character data of a portion of text. The content of this element is the text which uses that text style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:span&gt; element can be nested.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>White space characters contained in this element are collapsed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:span&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:span&gt; element has the following attributes: text:class-names 19.775 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:span&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:a&gt; element represents a hyperlink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anchor of a hyperlink is composed of the character data contained in the &lt;text:a&gt; element and any of its descendant elements which constitute the character data of the paragraph element which contains the &lt;text:a&gt; element. 6.1.1</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:a&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:a&gt; element has the following attributes: office:name 19.380, office:target-frame-name 19.385, office:title 19.387, text:style-name 19.880, text:visited-style-name 19.907, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:a&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:meta&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:meta&gt; element represents portions of text that have in-content metadata attached. See 19.911.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:meta&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:meta&gt; element has the following attributes: xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:meta&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
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<h3>&lt;text:number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:number&gt; element contains the text of a formatted number which is present when a list style is applied to an element whose corresponding list level style specifies that the list label is a number. This text may be used by consumers that do not support the automatic generation of numbering but should be ignored by consumers that do support it. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4 and &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:number&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:number&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:number&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<h2>Bookmarks and References</h2>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Bookmarks</h3>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>General</h4>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are two types of bookmarks:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>A point reference</p><p>A point reference marks a position in text and is represented by a single &lt;text:bookmark&gt; element.</p></li><li><p>A bookmark reference</p><p>A bookmark reference marks a range of characters in text and is represented by two elements; a &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; element to mark the start of the range and a following &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; element to mark the end of the range.</p></li></ul>
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<p>Every reference is identified by the value of its text:name attribute, which shall be unique. In a bookmark reference, the start and end elements shall use the same attribute value.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bookmark references support overlapping references. </p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark&gt; element marks a text position. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; element marks the start position of a bookmark in a text range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; element marks the end position of a bookmark in a text range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>References</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>General</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are two types of reference marks:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>A point reference</p><p>A point reference marks a position in text and is represented by a single &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; element.</p></li><li><p>A range reference</p><p>A range reference marks a range of characters in text and is represented by two elements; a &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; element to mark the start of the range and a following &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; element to mark the end of the range.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Every reference is identified by the value of its text:name attribute, which shall be unique. In a range reference, the start and end elements shall use the same attribute value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Range references support overlapping references. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; element represents a point reference.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; element represent the start of a range reference.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; element represent the end of a range reference.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Notes</h2>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Notes consist of a &lt;text:note&gt; element which occurs in the text stream at the position to which the note is anchored. The numbering and rendering of notes is specified by a &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; element, which occurs inside an &lt;office:styles&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:note&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note&gt; element represents text notes which are attached to a text position.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note&gt; element has the following attributes: text:id 19.815 and text:note-class 19.843.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:note-citation&gt; 6.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:note-citation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-citation&gt; element contains a citation, either as a formatted number or a string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-citation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-citation&gt; element has the following attribute: text:label 19.832.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-citation&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-citation&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-body&gt; element contains the content of a note. It does not have any attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The schema allows for the inclusion of &lt;text:note&gt; elements as a descendant of a child of the &lt;text:note-body&gt; element. While this may be reasonable for note types, it is not reasonable for footnotes and endnotes. Conforming consumers need not support notes inside notes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-body&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-body&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-body&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A ruby is additional text that is displayed above or below a base text. The purpose of a ruby is to annotate a base text or to provide information about its pronunciation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; 6.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; element contains the text that is to be annotated. It contains any paragraph element content, such as text spans. The element&#039;s text:style-name attribute references a ruby style that specifies formatting attributes of the ruby.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; element contains an annotation text. It contains only plain text. The element&#039;s text:style-name attribute references a text style that specifies further formatting attributes used for the annotation text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Text Fields</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument text documents or OpenDocument text content embedded in other types of documents may contain variable text elements called fields. Fields are commonly used for:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Page numbers<br/>A page number field displays the number of the page on which it appears.</li><li>Creation dates<br/>A creation date field displays the date on which a document was created.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Common Characteristics of Field Elements</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Each field type is represented by a corresponding element type. The content of an element is a textual representation of the current field value as it would be displayed or printed by an implementation that supports that field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of a field is stored in an attribute. Storage of the value enables recalculation of the presentation of a field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: For string values, if a value is identical to a presentation, the value attribute can be omitted to avoid duplicate storage of information.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation of information in a field is determined by the style applied to the field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Document Fields</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>GeneralDocument fields display information about the current document or about a specific part of the current document.</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:date&gt; element displays a date, By default this is the current date. The date can be adjusted to display a date other than the current date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:date&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:date-adjust 19.798, text:date-value 19.799 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:date&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:time&gt; element displays a time. By default this is the current time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:time&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:fixed 19.809, text:time-adjust 19.886 and text:time-value 19.887.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:time&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:time&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-number&gt; element displays the current page number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a number style is not specified for page numbers, the default is the default number style of the current page style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element displays the total number of pages in a document. 7.5.18.2</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-number&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, text:fixed 19.809, text:page-adjust 19.851 and text:select-page 19.869.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-number&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-number&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; element contains a text notice that is displayed or printed at the bottom of a page to indicate that the preceding text continues on the next page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; element has the following attributes: text:select-page 19.869 and text:string-value 19.877.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Subsequent Author Fields</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>General</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Subsequent author fields capture information about second and following authors for a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: In OpenDocument 1.0/1.1, these fields were referenced as “sender” fields and that terminology still appears in the names of these elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a subsequent author field is marked fixed using the text:fixed 19.809 attribute, the original information in that field is preserved. Otherwise, the information is updated each time the file is edited.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; element represents the first name of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; element represents the last name of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; element represents the initials of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-title&gt; element represents the title of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-title&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-title&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-title&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-title&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-position&gt; element represents the position of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-position&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-position&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-position&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-position&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-email&gt; element represents the email address of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-email&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-email&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-email&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-email&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; element represents the private telephone number of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; element represents the facsimile number of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-company&gt; element represents the name of the company that employs a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-company&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-company&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-company&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-company&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; element represents the office telephone number of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-street&gt; element represents the street address of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-street&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-street&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-street&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-street&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-city&gt; element represents the city name of the address of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-city&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-city&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-city&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-city&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; element represents the postal code of the address of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-country&gt; element represents the country name of the address of a subsequent author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-country&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-country&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-country&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-country&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; element represents the state or province name of the address of a subsequent author, if applicable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Author Fields</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:author-name&gt; element represents the full name of the author of a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:author-name&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:author-name&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:author-name&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:author-name&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:author-initials&gt; element represents the initials of the author of a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:author-initials&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:author-initials&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:author-initials&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:author-initials&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element represents a field that displays one of the following:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The name of the current chapter</li><li>The number of the current chapter</li><li>Both the name and number of the current chapter</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this element is placed inside a header or footer, it displays the current chapter name or number on every page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element has the following attributes: text:display 19.802 and text:outline-level 19.850.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:file-name&gt; element represents a field that displays the name of a file that is being edited.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:file-name&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:file-name&gt; element has the following attributes: text:display 19.802 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:file-name&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:file-name&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:template-name&gt; element represents a field that displays information about the document template in use.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:template-name&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:template-name&gt; element has the following attribute: text:display 19.802.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:template-name&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:template-name&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; element represents the name of the current sheet..</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Variable Fields</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument documents can contain variables, which are processed or displayed using variable fields. In an OpenDocument file, variable declarations shall precede in document order any use of those variable declarations. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are three types of variables:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p><strong>Simple variables</strong></p><p>Simple variables, or variables, can take different values at different positions in a document. Simple variables can be set using either setter or input fields. Setter fields contain an expression, which is used to compute the new value of the variable. Input fields prompt the user for the new value. </p><p>Note: Simple variables can be used to display different text in recurring elements, such as headers or footers.</p></li><li><p><strong>User variables</strong></p><p>If a user variable is set anywhere within the document, all fields in a document that display that user variable have the same value.  The value of the user variable can only be set after the variable is declared.</p><p>Note: In a consumer&#039;s user interface, a user variable can be set at any occurrence of a user field, or by using user variable input fields.</p></li><li><p><strong>Sequence variables</strong></p><p>Sequence variables are used to number items in an OpenDocument text document</p><p>Note: Sequence variables can be used to number images or tables in a text.</p></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of a sequence variable is initialized to 0 (zero) by its declaration. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Variables shall be declared before they can be used. The OpenDocument elements for declaring variables are described in sections 7.4.3, 7.4.8 and 7.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The display of variables is determined by styles which are specified by the element that defines the variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; element is a container for &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; element is used to declare simple variables. This element specifies the name and the value type of a variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; element has the following attributes: office:value-type 19.389 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element represents a simple variable. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, style:data-style-name 19.473, text:display 19.802, text:formula 19.811 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-get&gt; element sets the display of the value of a simple variable. The value of this element is the value of the last preceding &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element with an identical value for its text:name attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If there is no preceding &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element with an identical value for its text:name attribute the value of a &lt;text:variable-get&gt; field is undefined. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-get&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-get&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:display 19.802 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-get&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-get&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-input&gt; element represents user supplied variable values. This element can be empty if its text:display attribute is set to none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-input&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-input&gt; element has the following attributes: office:value-type 19.389, style:data-style-name 19.473, text:description 19.801, text:display 19.802 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-input&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:variable-input&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; element is a container for &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element is used to specify user variable values that are displayed using the &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, text:formula 19.811 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element displays the content of a user variable. The value of this element is the value of a &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element with a text:name attribute value that matches the text:name attribute of this element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:display 19.802 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; element is an alternative method of displaying user variables. The value of this element is the value of a &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element with a text:name attribute value that matches the text:name attribute of this element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This element can be empty if the text:display attribute is set to none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:description 19.801 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; element is a container for &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; element is used to declare sequence variables used to number items within an OpenDocument text document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Sequence variables are commonly used for sequential numbering. However, expression formulas can be included in sequence fields to support more advanced sequences.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; element has the following attributes: text:display-outline-level 19.804, text:name 19.841 and text:separation-character 19.870.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;text:sequence&gt; element specifies a sequence field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A sequence field changes the value of a sequence variable by a specified formula and displays the changed value of the sequence variable in a specified format. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Sequence variables and fields are used to number repeating document elements such as pages, tables or images. In such cases, the formula could be: &quot;sequenceVariableName + 1.&quot; A sequence variable can be set to a specific value or not changed at all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, text:formula 19.811, text:name 19.841 and text:ref-name 19.859.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:expression&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:expression&gt; element represents expressions that are evaluated and the resulting value displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:expression&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:expression&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, style:data-style-name 19.473, text:display 19.802 and text:formula 19.811.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:expression&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:expression&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:text-input&gt; element is a text input field. A text input field is used in a user interface to prompt a user to input text. This text is stored and displayed as the content of this element until it is replaced by a user.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:text-input&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:text-input&gt; element has the following attribute: text:description 19.801.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:text-input&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:text-input&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:drop-down&gt; element is a drop-down list input field. A drop-down list input field is used in a user interface to prompt a user to select a value from a list of options. The selected value is stored and displayed as the content of this element until it is changed by a user.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:drop-down&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:drop-down&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:drop-down&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:label&gt; 7.4.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:drop-down&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:label&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:label&gt; element defines an entry in a drop-down list.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:label&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:label&gt; element has the following attributes: text:current-selected 19.790 and text:value 19.906.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:label&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Metadata Fields</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Metadata field elements display meta information about a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All metadata field elements can be marked as fixed using the text:fixed attribute. 19.809</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.6</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creation-date&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.9</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creation-date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creation-date&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:date-value 19.799 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creation-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creation-date&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creation-time&gt; element represents the time at which a document was created.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creation-time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creation-time&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:fixed 19.809 and text:time-value 19.887.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creation-time&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creation-time&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:description&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:description&gt; element displays the content contained in the &lt;dc:description&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.3</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:description&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:description&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:description&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:description&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element displays the value contained in a &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element of a document. 4.3.3</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The link between a &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element and a &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element is established by the text:name and meta:name attributes, respectively, containing the same value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, style:data-style-name 19.473, text:fixed 19.809 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:print-time&gt; element represents the time at which a document was last printed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:print-time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:print-time&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:fixed 19.809 and text:time-value 19.887.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:print-time&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:print-time&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:print-date&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.11</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:print-date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:print-date&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:date-value 19.799 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:print-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:print-date&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:printed-by&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.8</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:printed-by&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:printed-by&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:printed-by&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:printed-by&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:title&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:title&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;dc:title&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.2</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:title&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:title&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:title&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:title&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:subject&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:subject&gt; element displays the values contained in the &lt;dc:subject&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.4</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:subject&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:subject&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:subject&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:subject&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:keywords&gt; element displays a list of keywords contained in the &lt;meta:keyword&gt; elements of a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The format of a list of keywords is implementation-dependent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:keywords&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:keywords&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:keywords&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:keywords&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.16</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element of a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:duration 19.805 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:modification-time&gt; element represents the time at which a document was last modified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This element displays the time information portion of the value of the &lt;dc:date&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:modification-time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:modification-time&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:fixed 19.809 and text:time-value 19.887.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:modification-time&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:modification-time&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:modification-date&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;dc:date&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.10</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:modification-date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:modification-date&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:date-value 19.799 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:modification-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:modification-date&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:creator&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creator&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;dc:creator&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.7</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creator&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creator&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:creator&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Document Statistics Fields</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>General</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The contents of &lt;text:word-count&gt; and &lt;text:character-count&gt; elements are locale-specific and are not defined by OpenDocument. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:page-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.332</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:paragraph-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.333</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:word-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:word-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.339</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:word-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:word-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:word-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:word-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:character-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:character-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.322</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:character-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:character-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:character-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:character-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:table-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.337</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:image-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:image-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.327</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:image-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:image-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:image-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:image-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:object-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.330</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element represents content from a metadata source. The mixed content of this element should be generated from the metadata source. The source of the metadata and the means of generation of the mixed content is implementation-dependent. The &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element may contain any paragraph content. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Alterations of the element&#039;s mixed content may be lost if the mixed content is subsequently refreshed from a metadata source.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Database Fields</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Documents can reference databases and display database information as text content. To display database information, the OpenDocument schema uses a group of text fields, collectively called database fields. Consumers may use database tables from SQL servers, therefore database fields can be used to access any SQL database, provided that the appropriate drivers are available. [SQL]</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A database may contain the following components:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Tables, which store data.</li><li>Queries, which extract a subset of data from one or more tables.</li><li>Forms, which present data. 12.25.2</li><li>Reports, which summarize database content. 12.25.3</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Database fields operate on a set of database rows, the so called <em>current selection</em>, which is either a database table, or the result of a database query. The current selection is determined by the data source information that is contained in database fields. The current selection is retrieved once per document and data source, regardless of the number of database fields that are associated with a data source.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Database fields display data contained in a particular database row within the current selection. The row within the current selection is controlled by database fields and is known as the current row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; element specifies a source database.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6 and &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; element has the following attribute: xlink:href 19.916.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-display&gt; element represents data from the current database row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-display&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-display&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:column-name 19.776, text:database-name 19.797, text:table-name 19.884 and text:table-type 19.885.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-display&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-display&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-next&gt; element selects the database row following the one currently displayed in a &lt;text:database-display&gt; field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-next&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-next&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782, text:database-name 19.797, text:table-name 19.884 and text:table-type 19.885.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-next&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element selects a specific row from a current selection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782, text:database-name 19.797, text:row-number 19.865, text:table-name 19.884 and text:table-type 19.885.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element displays the current row number for a given table. The element displays the row number from a database and not the row number of a current selection that is used as an attribute value in the &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, text:database-name 19.797, text:table-name 19.884, text:table-type 19.885 and text:value 19.906.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-name&gt; element displays the database and table name of the last used table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-name&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-name&gt; element has the following attributes: text:database-name 19.797, text:table-name 19.884 and text:table-type 19.885.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-name&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:database-name&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>More Fields</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Page Variable Fields</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>General</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Page variables enable an alternative page numbering to be defined for documents. Each page has only one active set page variable field.  The calculation of a page variable is controlled by the text:active attribute</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; element is used to set a page variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; element has the following attributes: text:active 19.755 and text:page-adjust 19.851.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element displays the value of a page variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the text:active attribute 19.755, has the value of false, the &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element will have no display for that page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element is a placeholder for replacement by content of a particular type as specified in the mandatory text:placeholder-type attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument consumers that support the &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element shall use the text:description attribute value as the placeholder text, and shall ensure that this text clearly indicates that it is a placeholder for content of the specified type.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element has the following attributes: text:description 19.801 and text:placeholder-type 19.853.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; element specifies a condition for display of one text string or another. If the condition is true, the text:string-value-if-true 19.879 attribute value is displayed. If the condition is false, the text:string-value-if-false 19.878 attribute value is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782, text:current-value 19.791, text:string-value-if-false 19.878 and text:string-value-if-true 19.879.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; element hides the text it contains when its text:condition attribute evaluates to true. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(more edits pending here)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If its text:condition attribute is missing or evaluates to false, the text content is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782, text:is-hidden 19.821 and text:string-value 19.877.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; element represents a field that references a &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3 or &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2 element. Its text:reference-format 19.860 attribute specifies what is displayed according to the context of he referenced element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; element has the following attributes: text:ref-name 19.859 and text:reference-format 19.860.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; element represents a field that references a &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3 or &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2 element. Its text:reference-format 19.860 attribute specifies what is displayed according to the context of the referenced element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; element has the following attributes: text:ref-name 19.859 and text:reference-format 19.860.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-ref&gt; element represents a field that references a &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2 element. Its text:reference-format 19.860 attribute specifies what is displayed from the referenced element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-ref&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-ref&gt; element has the following attributes: text:note-class 19.843, text:ref-name 19.859 and text:reference-format 19.860.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-ref&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; element represents a field that references a &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13 element. Its text:reference-format 19.860 attribute specifies what is displayed according to the context of the referenced element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; element has the following attributes: text:ref-name 19.859 and text:reference-format 19.860.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:script&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element represents a field that stores scripts or sections of scripts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The primary purpose of this field is to provide an equivalent to the &lt;script&gt; element in [HTML4], so that the content of a &lt;script&gt; element in HTML can be imported, edited, and exported using office application software.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The source code for the script can be stored in one of the following ways:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The &lt;text:script&gt; element contains the source code.</li><li>The source code is stored in an external file. The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of the source file.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The element shall have either an xlink:href attribute or content, but not both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element has the following attributes: script:language 19.434, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element has character data content. Character data content is only permitted if a xlink:href attribute is not present.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; element represents a field that contains the name of a macro that is executed when the field is activated. The element may contain a text description of the macro. The name of the macro to be executed is specified by the text:name attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element is a field that represents a condition. If the condition evaluates to false, the paragraph where this element appears is displayed unless the paragraph is enclosed in any other hiding element. If the condition evaluates to true, the paragraph is hidden unless the paragraph contains another &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element whose condition evaluates to false. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782 and text:is-hidden 19.821.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; element represents a field that is information from a DDE connection. The content of this field is the last data that was received from a DDE connection. This is used as the content of this field if the DDE connection cannot be accessed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See 14.7 for the use of DDE connections.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; element has the following attribute: text:connection-name 19.783.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:measure&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:measure&gt; element represents a field that displays measure text. It can only be used within text that is contained in measure drawing objects.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:measure&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:measure&gt; element has the following attribute: text:kind 19.831.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:measure&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:measure&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-formula&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-formula&gt; element field is deprecated. It stores a formula to be used in tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-formula&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-formula&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:display 19.802 and text:formula 19.811.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-formula&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-formula&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Text Indexes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Index Marks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument text documents may contain automatically generated indexes. An index contains a sorted list of items of a specified type, where the sorting and the type of items are determined by the type of index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are three types of index marks that correspond to the three types of index that make use of index marks. The three types of index marks are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Table of contents index marks</li><li>User-defined index marks</li><li>Alphabetical index marks</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The rules for index marks are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Index marks are represented by start and end elements or by non-enclosing index point elements.</li><li>Start and end index elements use the text:id attribute to match start and end elements for an index mark.</li><li>Start and end index elements shall be contained in the same paragraph, with the start element occurring first in document order.</li><li>The attributes associated with an index mark are attached to the start element.</li><li>The text between the start and end index elements is the text of the index entry.</li><li>Index marks can overlap.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; element marks the start of a table of contents index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; element has the following attributes: text:id 19.815 and text:outline-level 19.850.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; element marks the end of a table of contents index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:id 19.815.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; element represents a table of content index mark that does not enclose content. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; element has the following attributes: text:outline-level 19.850 and text:string-value 19.877.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; element marks the start of a user-defined index entry. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; element has the following attributes: text:id 19.815, text:index-name 19.817 and text:outline-level 19.850.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; element marks the end of the user-defined index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:id 19.815.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; element represents a user-defined index mark that does not enclose content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; element has the following attributes: text:index-name 19.817, text:outline-level 19.850 and text:string-value 19.877.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; element marks the start of an alphabetical index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; element has the following attributes: text:id 19.815, text:key1 19.827, text:key1-phonetic 19.829, text:key2 19.828, text:key2-phonetic 19.830, text:main-entry 19.837 and text:string-value-phonetic 19.876.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; element marks the end of an alphabetical index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:id 19.815.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; element represents a user-defined index mark that does not enclose content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; element has the following attributes: text:key1 19.827, text:key1-phonetic 19.829, text:key2 19.828, text:key2-phonetic 19.830, text:main-entry 19.837, text:string-value 19.877 and text:string-value-phonetic 19.876.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; element contains the text and information for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; element has the following attributes: text:address 19.756, text:annote 19.760, text:author 19.761, text:bibliography-type 19.763, text:booktitle 19.764, text:chapter 19.772, text:custom1 19.792, text:custom2 19.793, text:custom3 19.794, text:custom4 19.795, text:custom5 19.796, text:edition 19.806, text:editor 19.807, text:howpublished 19.813, text:identifier 19.816, text:institution 19.820, text:isbn 19.823, text:issn 19.824, text:journal 19.825, text:month 19.840, text:note 19.842, text:number 19.844, text:organizations 19.849, text:pages 19.852, text:publisher 19.858, text:report-type 19.862, text:school 19.866, text:series 19.868, text:title 19.888, text:url 19.890, text:volume 19.908 and text:year 19.909.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Index Structure</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An index consists of two parts: the index source, and the index body. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The index source is specific to the type of index it is being used for. It contains the information necessary to generate the index content. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-body&gt; element contains an index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-body&gt; element is used for all types of indexes. It contains the index content generated to form the index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-body&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-body&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-body&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-title&gt; element contains the title of an index. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-title&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2 and &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-title&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-title&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element represents a table of contents for a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The items that can be listed in a table of contents are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Headings (as defined by the outline structure of the document), up to a selected level.</li><li>Table of contents index marks.</li><li>Paragraphs formatted with specified paragraph styles.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Paragraphs may be selected for inclusion in a table of contents based on their styles. Selection is based on a paragraph&#039;s style matching a style specified by the &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; child element of a &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; child element of a &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element, when the text:use-index-source-styles attribute of the child &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element has the value true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2 and &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element specifies how a table of contents is generated. It also specifies the styles to be applied to index entries.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:index-scope 19.818, text:outline-level 19.850, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861, text:use-index-marks 19.896, text:use-index-source-styles 19.897 and text:use-outline-level 19.902.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; 8.10, &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12 and &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; element specifies the format of an index entry for a specified outline level. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For each &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element, there shall not be more than one &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; for a specified outline level. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; element has the following attributes: text:outline-level 19.850 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8, &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; element represents an index of the images and graphics in a current document or chapter. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2 and &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; element specifies how an index of illustrations is generated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:caption-sequence-format 19.769, text:caption-sequence-name 19.770, text:index-scope 19.818, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861 and text:use-caption 19.891.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3 and &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; element specifies the format of an index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8, &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index&gt; element represents an index of the tables in a document or chapter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2 and &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; element specifies how an index of tables is generated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:caption-sequence-format 19.769, text:caption-sequence-name 19.770, text:index-scope 19.818, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861 and text:use-caption 19.891.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12 and &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; element specifies the format of an index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8, &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index&gt; element represents an index of the objects in a document or chapter. The types of objects that should be included in the index are defined by the &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; element. 8.6.2</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2 and &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; element specifies which object types to include in the index of objects. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:index-scope 19.818, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861, text:use-chart-objects 19.892, text:use-draw-objects 19.893, text:use-math-objects 19.899, text:use-other-objects 19.901 and text:use-spreadsheet-objects 19.904.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12 and &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; element specifies the format of an index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8, &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index&gt; element represents a user-defined index. A user-defined index may include entries from the following sources:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Index marks</li><li>Paragraphs formatted using specified paragraph styles</li><li>Tables, images, or objects</li><li>Text frames</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; element defines the generation of user-defined indexes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:copy-outline-levels 19.787, text:index-name 19.817, text:index-scope 19.818, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861, text:use-floating-frames 19.894, text:use-graphics 19.895, text:use-index-marks 19.896, text:use-index-source-styles 19.897, text:use-objects 19.900 and text:use-tables 19.905.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; 8.10, &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; element contains entry elements for chapter number, page number, entry text, text spans, and tab stops.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following attributes: text:outline-level 19.850 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8, &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; element represents an index which is based on alphabetical index marks. The entries in an alphabetical index are sorted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Sort orders are locale-specific.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2 and &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; element specifies how an alphabetical index is generated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:country 19.234, fo:language 19.236, fo:script 19.242, style:rfc-language-tag 19.516, text:alphabetical-separators 19.757, text:capitalize-entries 19.767, text:combine-entries 19.777, text:combine-entries-with-dash 19.778, text:combine-entries-with-pp 19.779, text:comma-separated 19.780, text:ignore-case 19.819, text:index-scope 19.818, text:main-entry-style-name 19.838, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861, text:sort-algorithm 19.871 and text:use-keys-as-entries 19.898.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4 and &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; element specifies an auto mark file. An auto mark file is a file that defines a list of terms that may be used by consumers to automatically insert alphabetical index marks (see 8.1.8, 8.1.10).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The format of an index mark file is implementation-defined. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; element has the following attributes: xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; element specifies the format of an alphabetical index entry. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following attributes: text:outline-level 19.850 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography&gt; element represents a bibliography constructed from bibliography index marks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; 8.9.2 and &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; element specifies how a bibliography is generated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3 and &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; element specifies the formatting for a bibliographic entry. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There shall be no more than one &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; element for each type of entry within any &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; element. 8.9.2</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; 8.9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; element has the following attributes: text:bibliography-type 19.763 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; 8.13.5, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4 and &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element contains all of the &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; elements for a specified outline level. There can only be one &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element for each outline level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element has the following attribute: text:outline-level 19.850.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; 8.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; element specifies the name of a style or a class. Paragraphs formatted using that style or class are included in the index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; 8.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element specifies the style and content of the index title. There can only be one &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element contained in a &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2, &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; 8.9.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2, &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Index Template Entries</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; element represents the chapter number where an index entry is located. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4, &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; element has the following attributes: text:display 19.802, text:outline-level 19.850 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; element contains the text of an index entry. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4, &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; element represents the number of the chapter where an index entry is located. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4, &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; element represents a fixed string within an index entry. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4, &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3, &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; element specifies the field of a bibliographic entry that will be displayed in an index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; element has the following attributes: text:bibliography-data-field 19.762 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; element represents a tab stop within an index entry. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4, &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3, &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; element has the following attributes: style:leader-char 19.487, style:position 19.512, style:type 19.519 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; element represents the start of a hyperlink index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; element represents the end of a hyperlink index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Tables</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Basic Tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The representation of tables is based on the concept of grids of rows and columns. In markup, rows are partitioned into table cells. Columns are implied by taking together all cells with the same position within the rows. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Rows and columns appear in <em>row groups</em> and <em>column groups</em>. These groups specify whether to repeat a row or column on the next page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: There is only one model for tables, although tables, such as for spreadsheets, may have additional capabilities when compared to tables in text documents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tables may be nested; that is, tables may occur within tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table&gt; element is the root element for a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:dde-link&gt; 14.7.4, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table&gt; element has the following attributes: table:is-sub-table 19.659, table:name 19.677, table:print 19.697, table:print-ranges 19.698, table:protected 19.700, table:protection-key 19.701, table:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.702, table:style-name 19.730, table:template-name 19.737, table:use-banding-columns-styles 19.741, table:use-banding-rows-styles 19.742, table:use-first-column-styles 19.743, table:use-first-row-styles 19.744, table:use-last-column-styles 19.745, table:use-last-row-styles 19.746 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5, &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2, &lt;table:desc&gt; 9.1.14, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6, &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10, &lt;table:table-columns&gt; 9.1.12, &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; 9.1.11, &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; 9.1.7, &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3, &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9, &lt;table:table-rows&gt; 9.1.8, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6, &lt;table:title&gt; 9.1.13, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-row&gt; element represents a row in a table. It contains elements that specify the cells of the table row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-row&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; 9.1.7, &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9 and &lt;table:table-rows&gt; 9.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-row&gt; element has the following attributes: table:default-cell-style-name 19.619, table:number-rows-repeated 19.681, table:style-name 19.730, table:visibility 19.754 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-row&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-cell&gt; element represents a table cell. It is contained in a table row element. A table cell can contain paragraphs and other text content as well as nested tables. Table cells may span multiple columns and rows. Table cells may be empty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-cell&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-cell&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, table:content-validation-name 19.605, table:formula 19.646, table:number-columns-repeated 19.679, table:number-columns-spanned 19.680, table:number-matrix-columns-spanned 19.683, table:number-matrix-rows-spanned 19.684, table:number-rows-spanned 19.682, table:protect 19.699, table:protected 19.700, table:style-name 19.730, xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-cell&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:detective&gt; 9.3.2, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; element represents cells that are covered by a &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4 element that spans multiple columns or rows. The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; elements occupy the same position in document order as the cells spanned. There is one &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; element for each cell that is spanned. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; is often used by spreadsheet applications, where covered cells contain content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, table:content-validation-name 19.605, table:formula 19.646, table:number-columns-repeated 19.679, table:protect 19.699, table:protected 19.700, table:style-name 19.730, xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:detective&gt; 9.3.2, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-column&gt; element specifies properties for one or more adjacent columns in a table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-column&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10, &lt;table:table-columns&gt; 9.1.12 and &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; 9.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-column&gt; element has the following attributes: table:default-cell-style-name 19.619, table:number-columns-repeated 19.679, table:style-name 19.730, table:visibility 19.754 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element represents header rows in a table. It is composed of adjacent &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3 elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Use of the &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element increases accessibility. The use of styles to designate row headers diminishes accessibility. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a table does not fit on a single page, table rows that are included in a &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element are automatically repeated on every page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A table shall not contain more than one &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element, except that the table contains grouped rows defined by one or more &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9 elements. In this case, the table and each distinct group may contain one &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element, if and only if the table rows contained in the &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; elements are adjacent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Consumers that do not support header rows shall process header rows as non-header rows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3 and &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-rows&gt; element specifies a sequence of one or more &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3 elements with optional &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 9.1.3 elements. The interpretation of the sequence is the same as if the &lt;table:table-rows&gt; start and end tags were not present.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-rows&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-rows&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-rows&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3 and &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; element groups adjacent table rows. Every row group can contain header rows, and nested row groups. A row group can be visible or hidden. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; element has the following attribute: table:display 19.621.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; 9.1.7, &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3, &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9, &lt;table:table-rows&gt; 9.1.8, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; element groups adjacent table columns. Every column group can contain columns, header columns and nested column groups. A column group can be visible or hidden. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a set of header columns and a column group overlap, the header column group breaks the column header set. That is, the &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; may contain &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; elements, but not vice versa.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; element has the following attribute: table:display 19.621.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6, &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10, &lt;table:table-columns&gt; 9.1.12, &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; 9.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element represents column headers in a table. It is composed of adjacent &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6 elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Use of the &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element increases accessibility The use of styles to designate header columns diminishes accessibility.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a table does not fit on a single page, table columns that are included in a &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element are automatically repeated on every page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A table shall not contain more than one &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element, except that the table contains grouped rows defined by one or more &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10 elements. In this case, the table and each distinct group may contain one &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element, if and only if the table columns contained in the &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; elements are adjacent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Consumers that do not support header columns shall process header column as non-header columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-columns&gt; element specifies a sequence of one or more &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6 elements. The interpretation of the sequence is the same as if the &lt;table:table-columns&gt; start and end tags were not present.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-columns&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-columns&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-columns&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:title&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:title&gt; element specifies a title for a table. The element shall not be used if the parent &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 element is contained within a &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 element. In that case, the table&#039;s title is specified the by &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17 child element of &lt;draw:frame&gt;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:title&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:title&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:title&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:title&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:desc&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:desc&gt; element specifies a prose description of a table that may be used to support accessibility. See appendix  The element shall not be used if the parent &lt;table:table&gt; element is contained within a &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 element. In that case, the table&#039;s description is specified the by &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 child element of &lt;draw:frame&gt;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:desc&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:desc&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:desc&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:desc&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Advanced Tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Referencing Table Cells</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To reference cells in a table, cell addresses are used. Cell addresses are constructed as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>The name of the table.</li><li>A dot “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</li><li>An alphabetic value representing the column. The letter A represents column 1, B represents column 2, and so on. AA represents column 27, AB represents column 28, and so on.</li><li>A numeric value representing the row. The number 1 represents the first row, the number 2 represents the second row, and so on.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This means that A1 represents the cell in column 1 and row 1. B1 represents the cell in column 2 and row 1. A2 represents the cell in column 1 and row 2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The structure of the address of a cell in a subtable is as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>The address of the cell that contains the subtable.</li><li>A dot “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</li><li>The address of the cell in the subtable.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the name of the table contains blanks, dots “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP) or apostrophes “&#039;” (U+0027, APOSTROPHE), the name shall be quoted with apostrophes “&#039;” (U+0027, APOSTROPHE). Any apostrophes in the name shall be escaped by doubling the”&#039;”( U+0027, APOSTROPHE) character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The behavior of a consumer when a cell is referenced but not declared is implementation-dependent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Absolute and relative cell addressing</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Cells can be referenced by using either absolute addresses or relative addresses. When an operation is performed on a table cell, absolute cell references do not change. Relative cell references are adapted to the address of the target cell of a copy operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To create an absolute address, a dollar sign “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) shall be placed before each table name, column reference, and row reference. Absolute and relative references may be mixed within a single cell address. Absolute addresses shall contain a table name. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When differentiation between absolute and relative addresses is not necessary, the dollar signs in absolute addresses may be omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Cell Range Address</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A cell range is a number of adjacent cells forming a rectangular shape. The rectangle stretches from the cell on the logical top left to the cell on the logical bottom right. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A cell range address references a cell range. A cell range address consists of:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>The address of the cell at the top left of the range.</li><li>A colon “:” (U+003A, COLON).</li><li>The address of the cell at the bottom right of the range.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smallest range is a single cell. The range address of a single cell is the same as the cell address.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Column and Row Range Addresses</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Column and row addresses are cell range addresses that reference entire rows or columns. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The syntax of a row address is the same as a cell address, except the alphabetic values that indicate the column are omitted. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The syntax of a column address is the same as a cell address, except the numeric values that indicate the row are omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Cell Range Address List</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A cell range address list is a list of cell range addresses and cell addresses. Each item in the list is separated by white space. If any table name used in the list contains a “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character, the table name is quoted within apostrophes “&#039;” ( U+0027, APOSTROPHE).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-source&gt; element represents a link to a table that provides a source for a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-source&gt; element has the following attributes: table:filter-name 19.642, table:filter-options 19.643, table:mode 19.675, table:refresh-delay 19.705, table:table-name 19.734, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-source&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:scenario&gt; element defines a scenario for display on a table. A table represented by a &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 element which contains a &lt;table:scenario&gt; child element is called a scenario table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A scenario is one or more cell ranges of a table whose contents replaces the contents of the cell ranges in the nearest non-scenario table preceding the scenario table in document order. If multiple scenarios are defined for a cell range, a user may choose between the scenarios. The names of the scenarios are the same as the names of tables which contain the &lt;table:scenario&gt; elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Display of the border of a scenario table is controlled by its table:display-border attribute. 19.622 </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Display of the border of a scenario is the only visible indication that the displayed data is the result of the application of a scenario to the data in the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Only one scenario table can be applied to a range at one time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: A table can have multiple scenarios applied to it so long as the ranges of application do not overlap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:scenario&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:scenario&gt; element has the following attributes: table:border-color 19.592, table:comment 19.599, table:copy-back 19.606, table:copy-formulas 19.607, table:copy-styles 19.608, table:display-border 19.622, table:is-active 19.656, table:protected 19.700 and table:scenario-ranges 19.709.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:scenario&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:shapes&gt; element contains all the elements that represent graphic shapes that are anchored on a table where this element occurs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:shapes&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:shapes&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:shapes&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Advanced Table Cells</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; element represents a database range or named range of another file in a cell range. The first cell in the cell range contains this element. A cell range can be linked to a database range or named range of another file.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; element has the following attributes: table:filter-name 19.642, table:filter-options 19.643, table:last-column-spanned 19.662, table:last-row-spanned 19.664, table:name 19.677, table:refresh-delay 19.705, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:detective&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:detective&gt; element is a container for &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3 and &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4 elements, providing information about what relationships between the current cell and other cells are revealed in the presentation of the table.  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:detective&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:detective&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:detective&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4 and &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:operation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:operation&gt; element specifies the name of a detective operation that leads to the discovery of relationships between cells (table:name, 19.677) and the order in which those operations are applied (table:index, 19.655). Once relationships between cells have been discovered, those cells are highlighted to show those relationships.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: A single cell may be the subject of one or more detective operations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:operation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:detective&gt; 9.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:operation&gt; element has the following attributes: table:index 19.655 and table:name 19.677.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:operation&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; element specifies a cell range that is highlighted in the UI either because of detective operations defined by a &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3 element or because it contains an error or invalid data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The nature of the highlighting is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This element represents the state of the document at the time the detective operations or error conditions were calculated. It need not accurately represent the current state of the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:detective&gt; 9.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; element has the following attributes: table:cell-range-address 19.597, table:contains-error 19.603, table:direction 19.620 and table:marked-invalid 19.668.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Spreadsheet Document Content</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; element is a container for settings that affect the calculation of formulae.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; element has the following attributes: table:automatic-find-labels 19.589, table:case-sensitive 19.594, table:null-year 19.678, table:precision-as-shown 19.696, table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell 19.711, table:use-regular-expressions 19.748 and table:use-wildcards 19.749.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:iteration&gt; 9.4.3 and &lt;table:null-date&gt; 9.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:null-date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:null-date&gt; element specifies the null date for a spreadsheet document. The null date is the date that results in the value “0” if a date value is converted into a numeric value. The null date is specified in the element&#039;s table:date-value attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Commonly used values are 1899-12-30, 1900-01-01, and 1904-01-01.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:null-date&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:null-date&gt; element has the following attributes: table:date-value 19.618 and table:value-type 19.753.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:null-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:iteration&gt; element enables formulas with iterative (or cyclic) references to be calculated after a specific number of iterations. If iterative calculations are not enabled, a formula expression containing a cyclic cell reference returns an error. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the table:status attribute has the value enable and iterating through the cyclic dependencies does not deliver a result that satisfies the condition specified by the table:maximum-difference attribute within a number of iterations specified by the table:steps attribute for all cells in the cyclic dependencies, an error is returned. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:iteration&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:iteration&gt; element has the following attributes: table:maximum-difference 19.670, table:status 19.726 and table:steps 19.728.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:iteration&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:content-validations&gt; element contains all the validation rules for the content of table cells.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:content-validations&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:content-validations&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:content-validations&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element specifies a validation rule for table cell content. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The name of a validation rule is stored in the table:name attribute of a &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element has the following attributes: table:allow-empty-cell 19.587, table:base-cell-address 19.590, table:condition 19.600, table:display-list 19.625 and table:name 19.677.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;table:error-macro&gt; 9.4.8, &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7 and &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:help-message&gt; element specifies a message to display if a user selects a cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:help-message&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:help-message&gt; element has the following attributes: table:display 19.621 and table:title 19.738.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:help-message&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:error-message&gt; element specifies a message to display when the table:condition 19.600 attribute value on the parent &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element evaluates to false.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:error-message&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:error-message&gt; element has the following attributes: table:display 19.621, table:message-type 19.674 and table:title 19.738.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:error-message&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:error-macro&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:error-macro&gt; element specifies if a macro should be executed upon an attempt to enter invalid content. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A macro is specified by an &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element. 10.3.19 The event name shall be one that specifies an event that is called on invalid user input.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:error-macro&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:error-macro&gt; element has the following attribute: table:execute 19.638.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:error-macro&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:label-range&gt; element specifies a label cell range which contains labels, and a data cell range which specifies the rows or columns whose content is referenced by the labels. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are two types of label ranges: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Label ranges for columns.</li><li>Label ranges for rows.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Data and label ranges should match in both height and vertical position for row orientation, or in both width and horizontal position for column orientation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:label-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:label-range&gt; element has the following attributes: table:data-cell-range-address 19.612, table:label-cell-range-address 19.660 and table:orientation 19.690.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:label-range&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; element contains all the &lt;table:label-range&gt; elements in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:label-range&gt; 9.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; element contains assignments of names to expressions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following expressions may have names:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Cell ranges.</li><li>Other expressions.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; element is used with a &lt;table:table&gt; element, the scope of the named expressions are local to that table element.  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:named-expression&gt; 9.4.13 and &lt;table:named-range&gt; 9.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-range&gt; element specifies a cell range that has a name assigned. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-range&gt; element has the following attributes: table:base-cell-address 19.590, table:cell-range-address 19.597, table:name 19.677 and table:range-usable-as 19.704.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-range&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-expression&gt; element represents an expression with a name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-expression&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-expression&gt; element has the following attributes: table:base-cell-address 19.590, table:expression 19.639 and table:name 19.677.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:named-expression&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; element contains all the &lt;table:database-range&gt; elements in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-range&gt; element defines a single database range. A database range is a named area in a table upon which database operations are performed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-range&gt; element has the following attributes: table:contains-header 19.604, table:display-filter-buttons 19.624, table:has-persistent-data 19.651, table:is-selection 19.658, table:name 19.677, table:on-update-keep-size 19.686, table:on-update-keep-styles 19.687, table:orientation 19.690, table:refresh-delay 19.705 and table:target-range-address 19.736.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-range&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; 9.4.18, &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16, &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; 9.4.17, &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2, &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19 and &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; element specifies an [SQL] database that contains the source data for a database range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3 and &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; element has the following attributes: table:database-name 19.613, table:parse-sql-statement 19.693 and table:sql-statement 19.720.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; element specifies the database and table that acts as the source data for a database range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3 and &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; element has the following attributes: table:database-name 19.613 and table:database-table-name 19.614.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; element specifies the query that produces the source data for a database range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3 and &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; element has the following attributes: table:database-name 19.613 and table:query-name 19.703.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:sort&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort&gt; element &lt;table:sort&gt; specifies the sort keys to be applied to a database range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort&gt; element has the following attributes: table:algorithm 19.585, table:bind-styles-to-content 19.591, table:case-sensitive 19.594, table:country 19.610, table:embedded-number-behavior 19.628, table:language 19.661, table:rfc-language-tag 19.707, table:script 19.710 and table:target-range-address 19.736.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort-by&gt; element specifies a key or field to sort, the data type of this field, and how to sort it for a database range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort-by&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort-by&gt; element has the following attributes: table:data-type 19.615, table:field-number 19.641 and table:order 19.689.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort-by&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; element is a container for &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; elements which specify the calculation of provisional results (called subtotals) for a database range. Cells of the same field form a group. A provisional result is calculated and display at the end of each group. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; element has the following attributes: table:bind-styles-to-content 19.591, table:case-sensitive 19.594 and table:page-breaks-on-group-change 19.691.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; 9.4.22 and &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; 9.4.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; element specifies a sort order for columns or rows of a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; element has the following attributes: table:data-type 19.615 and table:order 19.689.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; element specifies the calculation of subtotals for columns or rows of a table. As the container element for &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;, the calculation specified by this element may use provisional results in its calculation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; element has the following attribute: table:group-by-field-number 19.649.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; 9.4.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; element specifies the field number and the function that is applied to the content of that field to calculate a provisional result.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; 9.4.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; element has the following attributes: table:field-number 19.641 and table:function 19.647.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Filters</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Filter elements specify conditions that, if not met, render portions of a table invisible. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:filter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter&gt; element is a container for elements that specify filters for data contained in database ranges or data pilot tables. The filters are applied to all rows in the database range or the data pilot table. Rows where one or more filter conditions do not evaluate to true are made invisible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15 and &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter&gt; element has the following attributes: table:condition-source 19.601, table:condition-source-range-address 19.602, table:display-duplicates 19.623 and table:target-range-address 19.736.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:filter-and&gt; 9.5.3, &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5 and &lt;table:filter-or&gt; 9.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-and&gt; element specifies that the logical operator AND is applied to conditions specified by the child elements of this element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-and&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2 and &lt;table:filter-or&gt; 9.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-and&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-and&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5 and &lt;table:filter-or&gt; 9.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-or&gt; element specifies that the logical operator OR is applied to conditions specified by the child elements of this element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-or&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2 and &lt;table:filter-and&gt; 9.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-or&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-or&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:filter-and&gt; 9.5.3 and &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element specifies a single condition to apply in a filter operation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The filter condition is either specified</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>by the table:operator 19.688, table:value 19.752 and table:data-type 19.615 attributes or</li><li>a set of &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; 9.5.6 child elements as a set of values. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If one or more of &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; elements are present as children of the &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element, the table:operator, table:value and table:data-type attributes are ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Note:</strong> To improve backward compatibility with OpenDocument 1.1 documents, if &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; elements are included, set:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>table:operator: &quot;=&quot;; </li><li>table:value: value of the first &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; child element; </li><li>table:data-type: &quot;text&quot;.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2, &lt;table:filter-and&gt; 9.5.3 and &lt;table:filter-or&gt; 9.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element has the following attributes: table:case-sensitive 19.594, table:data-type 19.615, table:field-number 19.641, table:operator 19.688 and table:value 19.752.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; 9.5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; element specifies a single value used in a filter condition where the table:operator attribute is set to &quot;=&quot;, and the table:data-type attribute to text. The filter sub-condition in which the element is included evaluates to true for a specified cell, if, and only if, the value of the cell is equal to one of the values in the set specified by be &lt;table:filter&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; element has the following attribute: table:value 19.752.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Data Pilot Tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Data pilot tables enable users to rearrange data from data sources so as to create new relationships between data elements or to view data from a variety of perspectives. This is in contrast to scenario tables 9.2.7, where the data elements remain fixed but the values and operations on them are varied to illustrate different outcomes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The behavior of a data pilot table is specified by fields, where each field has a name and an orientation. The category columns are specified by fields with the orientation “row” or “column” and data columns are specified by fields that have the orientation “data”.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A third type of fields are data layout fields. Data layout fields are not connected to a column in the source table, but are used to change the layout of the data pilot table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The order in which fields are specified determines the order in which the data of category columns are grouped and results are displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; element contains all the data pilot tables within a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; element contains the elements that define the sources of a data pilot table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; element has the following attributes: table:application-data 19.588, table:buttons 19.593, table:drill-down-on-double-click 19.627, table:grand-total 19.648, table:identify-categories 19.653, table:ignore-empty-rows 19.654, table:name 19.677, table:show-filter-button 19.715 and table:target-range-address 19.736.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7, &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; 9.4.18, &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16, &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; 9.4.17, &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5 and &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Data Pilot Table Source</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The source of a data pilot table is specified by one of the following elements: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt; 9.4.18</li><li>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16</li><li>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt; 9.4.17</li><li>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5</li><li>&lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; element specifies a cell range as a source of data for a data pilot table. A filter may be specified by a &lt;table:filter&gt; child element that is applied prior to return of data to a data pilot table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; element has the following attributes: table:cell-range-address 19.597 and table:name 19.677.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-service&gt; element specifies a service that returns data to a data pilot table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-service&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-service&gt; element has the following attributes: table:name 19.677, table:object-name 19.685, table:password 19.694, table:source-name 19.719 and table:user-name 19.751.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-service&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; element specifies a field for a data pilot table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; element has the following attributes: table:function 19.647, table:is-data-layout-field 19.657, table:orientation 19.690, table:selected-page 19.712, table:source-field-name 19.718 and table:used-hierarchy 19.750.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; 9.6.16, &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17 and &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; element acts as a container for elements that specify addition information about a data pilot field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; element has the following attribute: table:show-empty 19.714.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; 9.6.13, &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; 9.6.15, &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; 9.6.11, &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; 9.6.14 and &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; 9.6.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; element contains the &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; elements for a data pilot table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; 9.6.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; element contains the results of a single subtotal calculation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; 9.6.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; element has the following attribute: table:function 19.647.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; element specifies whether or not to display category columns in data pilot tables or information for category columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; element specifies what information is displayed for a member.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; 9.6.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; element has the following attributes: table:display 19.621, table:name 19.677 and table:show-details 19.713.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element restricts the number rows that are displayed for a category column to a specific number of values of a data field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element has the following attributes: table:data-field 19.611, table:display-member-mode 19.626, table:enabled 19.629 and table:member-count 19.671.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; element specifies how the members of a category column are sorted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; element has the following attributes: table:data-field 19.611, table:order 19.689, table:sort-mode 19.716.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; element specifies how to layout a field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; element has the following attributes: table:add-empty-lines 19.586 and table:layout-mode 19.666.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element specifies data which can be used to modify the displayed values of data fields.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element has the following attributes: table:field-name 19.640, table:member-name 19.672, table:member-type 19.673 and table:type 19.740.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; element specifies that a data pilot field is a group field. A group field allows grouping of other fields.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Grouping may also take place for numeric or date values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; element has the following attributes: table:date-end 19.616, table:date-start 19.617, table:end 19.630, table:grouped-by 19.650, table:source-field-name 19.718, table:start 19.721 and table:step 19.727.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; 9.6.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; element specifies names of groups if grouping takes place by specifying the member names.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; element has the following attribute: table:name 19.677.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; 9.6.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; element specifies the name of a single group member.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; 9.6.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; element has the following attribute: table:name 19.677.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:consolidation&gt; element defines the consolidation of data from multiple table ranges. Consolidation means that a new table range is filled with values calculated by applying a mathematical function to all cells in the source table ranges that have the same relative address within these ranges. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:consolidation&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:consolidation&gt; element has the following attributes: table:function 19.647, table:link-to-source-data 19.667, table:source-cell-range-addresses 19.717, table:target-cell-address 19.735 and table:use-labels 19.747.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:consolidation&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dde-links&gt; container element stores all DDE links for use in spreadsheet formulas. Every link contains the DDE Source and the data of the last connection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See 14.7 for the use of DDE connections.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dde-links&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dde-links&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dde-links&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:dde-link&gt; 14.7.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Change Tracking in Spreadsheets</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All changes that have been applied to a spreadsheet document are stored in a list. The list contains an element for each change made to the table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: See 5.5.1 for general remarks about implementing change tracking.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; element is a container for tracked changes of a spreadsheet. Its presence further enables change tracking for a spreadsheet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; element has the following attribute: table:track-changes 19.739.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3 and &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:insertion&gt; element contains the information that identifies any insertion of content. This content can be one or more rows, one or more columns, or a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:insertion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:insertion&gt; element has the following attributes: table:acceptance-state 19.584, table:count 19.609, table:id 19.652, table:position 19.695, table:rejecting-change-id 19.706, table:table 19.732 and table:type 19.740.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:insertion&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6 and &lt;table:dependencies&gt; 9.9.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dependencies&gt; element contains the information on which other tracked changes the current change depends. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dependencies&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3 and &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dependencies&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dependencies&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:dependency&gt; 9.9.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:dependency&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dependency&gt; element contains the information about one change action on which on which the current tracked change depends. The change action on which the current change depends is referenced by its table:id attribute</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dependency&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:dependencies&gt; 9.9.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dependency&gt; element has the following attribute: table:id 19.652.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dependency&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:deletions&gt; element contains all deletions which are performed while tracking a single change to a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:deletions&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3 and &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:deletions&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:deletions&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; 9.9.7 and &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; 9.9.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; element specifies that a cell content has been deleted. It contains the address of the effected cell and its former content. If a table:id attribute is present, it specifies the id of a previously tracked change for the cell that gets deleted by the current change.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; element has the following attribute: table:id 19.652.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:cell-address&gt; 9.9.18 and &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:change-deletion&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; element specifies the value of the table:id of a previously tracked change that is deleted by the current change.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; element has the following attribute: table:id 19.652.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;table:deletion&gt; element contains content that was deleted while change tracking was enabled. The content of a cell that was deleted is contained in either a &lt;table:dependencies&gt;, or a &lt;table:deletions&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:deletion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:deletion&gt; element has the following attributes: table:acceptance-state 19.584, table:id 19.652, table:multi-deletion-spanned 19.676, table:position 19.695, table:rejecting-change-id 19.706, table:table 19.732 and table:type 19.740.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:deletion&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; 9.9.10, &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6 and &lt;table:dependencies&gt; 9.9.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:cut-offs&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; element contains elements that specify the location of tracked but deleted insertions or movements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; 9.9.11, &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; 9.9.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; element specifies where an insertion was deleted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; 9.9.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; element has the following attributes: table:id 19.652 and table:position 19.695.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; element specifies the deletion of a movement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; 9.9.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; element has the following attributes: table:end-position 19.633, table:position 19.695 and table:start-position 19.723.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:movement&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;table:movement&gt; element specifies the information that identifies movement of content. This content can be a cell content or a cell range content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:movement&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:movement&gt; element has the following attributes: table:acceptance-state 19.584, table:id 19.652 and table:rejecting-change-id 19.706.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:movement&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6, &lt;table:dependencies&gt; 9.9.4, &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; element specifies the source or cell range address of a movement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; element has the following attributes: table:column 19.598, table:end-column 19.632, table:end-row 19.634, table:end-table 19.635, table:row 19.708, table:start-column 19.722, table:start-row 19.724, table:start-table 19.725 and table:table 19.732.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; element specifies the target cell address or cell range address of a movement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; element has the following attributes: table:column 19.598, table:end-column 19.632, table:end-row 19.634, table:end-table 19.635, table:row 19.708, table:start-column 19.722, table:start-row 19.724, table:start-table 19.725 and table:table 19.732.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; element specifies the information that tracks changes to a table cell. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; 9.9.7 and &lt;table:previous&gt; 9.9.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, table:cell-address 19.595, table:formula 19.646, table:matrix-covered 19.669, table:number-matrix-columns-spanned 19.683 and table:number-matrix-rows-spanned 19.684.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; element specifies the information that identifies changes of the cell content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; element has the following attributes: table:acceptance-state 19.584, table:id 19.652 and table:rejecting-change-id 19.706.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;table:cell-address&gt; 9.9.18, &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6, &lt;table:dependencies&gt; 9.9.4 and &lt;table:previous&gt; 9.9.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-address&gt; element contains the address of a cell that has changed. Unlike other cell addresses, the cell address consists of the row, column and table number of the cell. This allows the specification of addresses that are outside a valid cell address range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-address&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17 and &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; 9.9.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-address&gt; element has the following attributes: table:column 19.598, table:row 19.708 and table:table 19.732.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:cell-address&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:previous&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:previous&gt; element contains the previous cell content which is overwritten by the current change. If a table:id attribute is present, it specifies the id of a previously tracked change for the cell that is changed again by the current change.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:previous&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:previous&gt; element has the following attribute: table:id 19.652.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:previous&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Graphic Content</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This chapter specifies the elements that represent graphic objects and elements used in the representation of graphical objects. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Enhanced Page Features for Graphical Applications</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:handout-master&gt; element represents a template for the generation of handout pages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:handout-master&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:handout-master&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:style-name 19.219, presentation:presentation-page-layout-name 19.413, presentation:use-date-time-name 19.428, presentation:use-footer-name 19.429, presentation:use-header-name 19.430 and style:page-layout-name 19.508.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:handout-master&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; element defines a set of layers. If placed inside a &lt;style:master-page&gt; or &lt;draw:page&gt; element it defines a set of layers for that page. If placed inside the &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element it defines a set of layers for all pages that do not have their own set of layers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Layers group drawing objects. Assigning a shape to a layer does not change its rendering order as defined by its draw:z-index attribute. 19.231</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:layer&gt; element defines a single layer. Layers group drawing objects. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Each drawing object inside a drawing or presentation document can be assigned to a layer. Each object that is assigned to a layer inherits the settings of that layer. Drawing objects may be assigned to these layers by the value of their draw:layer 19.189 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:layer&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; 10.2.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:layer&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display 19.132, draw:name 19.197 and draw:protected 19.207.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:layer&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:page&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:page&gt; element is a container for content in a drawing or presentation document. This element is used for the following:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Layers 10.2.2</li><li>Forms 13.2</li><li>Drawing Objects 10.3</li><li>Frames 10.4</li><li>Presentation Animations 10.9</li><li>Presentation Notes 16.19</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:page&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5 and &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:page&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:id 19.187, draw:master-page-name 19.194, draw:name 19.197, draw:nav-order 19.198, draw:style-name 19.219, presentation:presentation-page-layout-name 19.413, presentation:use-date-time-name 19.428, presentation:use-footer-name 19.429, presentation:use-header-name 19.430 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:page&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4, &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; 10.2.2, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2, &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:equation&gt; element specifies a formula for the calculation of a value and the name by which that formula can be referenced.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:equation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:equation&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:formula 19.171 and draw:name 19.197.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:equation&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
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<h2>Drawing Shapes</h2>
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<h3>General</h3>
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<p>This section defines graphical objects that may occur within all types of documents.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:rect&gt; element represents a rectangular drawing shape.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:rect&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:rect&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:corner-radius 19.127, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:rx 19.554, svg:ry 19.555, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:rect&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:line&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:line&gt; element represents a line.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:line&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:line&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:x1 19.578, svg:x2 19.579, svg:y1 19.582, svg:y2 19.583, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:line&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:polyline&gt; element represents a polyline drawing shape.</p>
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<p>Consumers may ignore svg:height and svg:width attributes, and determine the size of a shape from the polygon vertices.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:polyline&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:polyline&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:points 19.206, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:polyline&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:polygon&gt; element represents a polygon. A polygon is a closed set of straight lines.</p>
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<p>Consumers may ignore svg:height and svg:width attributes, and determine the size of a shape from the polygon vertices.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:polygon&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:polygon&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:points 19.206, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:polygon&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element represents a regular polygon. A regular polygon is a polygon that is specified by its number of edges (that is equal to the number of its corners), rather than by arbitrary points.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:concave 19.123, draw:corners 19.128, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:sharpness 19.211, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:path&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:path&gt; element represents a path. A path is a shape with a user-defined outline. The outline is defined by the svg:d attribute. 19.530</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:path&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:path&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:d 19.530, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:path&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:circle&gt; element represents a circular drawing shape.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:circle&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:circle&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:end-angle 19.140, draw:id 19.187, draw:kind 19.188, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:start-angle 19.213, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:cx 19.528, svg:cy 19.529, svg:height 19.543, svg:r 19.553, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:circle&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; element represents an ellipse.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:end-angle 19.140, draw:id 19.187, draw:kind 19.188, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:start-angle 19.213, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:cx 19.528, svg:cy 19.529, svg:height 19.543, svg:rx 19.554, svg:ry 19.555, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:connector&gt; element represents a connected set of one or more lines that visually connects a start and an end point. </p>
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<p>Start and/or end points can be defined by references to glue points 10.3.16 or as absolute positions.  The connector&#039;s geometric path is defined by the svg:d 19.530 attribute. Consumers may also compute the connector&#039;s geometric path considering the draw:type 19.229.2 and draw:line-skew 19.190 attributes, and the formatting properties defined for connectors.</p>
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<p>If the svg:d attribute is not present, the connector&#039;s geometric path is implementation-dependent. Producers should export the connector&#039;s geometric path using the svg:d attribute.</p>
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<p>Note: This assists consumers that are not capable of computing a connector path.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:connector&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:connector&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:end-glue-point 19.142, draw:end-shape 19.144, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:line-skew 19.190, draw:name 19.197, draw:start-glue-point 19.215, draw:start-shape 19.217, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:type 19.229, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:d 19.530, svg:viewBox 19.574, svg:x1 19.578, svg:x2 19.579, svg:y1 19.582, svg:y2 19.583, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:connector&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:caption&gt; element represents a description attached to a fixed point. It consists of rectangular drawing shape with an additional set of connected lines that connect the rectangle with the fixed point.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:caption&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:caption&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:caption-point-x 19.116, draw:caption-point-y 19.117, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:corner-radius 19.127, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:caption&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:measure&gt; element represents a shape that is used to measure distances in drawings.</p>
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<p>A measure shape consists of two parallel lines, called <em>extension lines</em>, and a line perpendicular to the extension lines, called a <em>dimension line</em>. The dimension line has arrows at its endpoints. It is displayed between the extension lines and terminated by them. </p>
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<p>The positions of extension lines and the dimension line are determined by two reference points, called <em>start</em> and <em>end reference points</em>.</p>
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<p>The draw:line-distance attribute defines the distance between the (virtual) line between the reference points, called <em>reference line</em>, and the dimension line. The draw:placing attribute defines if the measure shape is placed above or below the reference line.</p>
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<p>The start reference point is defined by the attributes svg:x1 and svg:y1 </p>
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<p>The first extension line is drawn on a line as defined by the vector from the start reference point to the start point of the dimension line. The extension line will start along this vector at a distance from the start reference point that is defined by the draw:guide-distance attribute minus the value of the draw:start-guide attribute.</p>
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<p>The end reference point is defined by the attributes svg:x2, and svg:y2. </p>
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<p>The second extension line is drawn on a line as defined by the vector from the end reference point to the end point of the dimension line. The extension line will start along this vector at the distance from the end reference point that is defined by the draw:guide-distance attribute minus the value of draw:end-guide attribute.</p>
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<p>The end points of the extension lines are at the distance defined by the draw:guide-overhang attribute after the intersection with the dimension line. </p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:measure&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:measure&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:x1 19.578, svg:x2 19.579, svg:y1 19.582, svg:y2 19.583, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:measure&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:control&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:control&gt; element represents a shape that is linked to a control inside an &lt;office:forms&gt; element.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:control&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:control&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:control 19.125, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:control&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; element represents a rectangular area that displays the thumbnail of a drawing page.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:page-number 19.203, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class 19.393, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:placeholder 19.411, presentation:style-name 19.426, presentation:user-transformed 19.431, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:g&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:g&gt; element represents a group of drawing shapes.</p>
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<p>Drawing shapes contained in a &lt;draw:g&gt; element, that is itself contained in a &lt;draw:a&gt; element act as hyperlinks using the xlink:href 19.916 attribute of the containing &lt;draw:a&gt; element. If the included drawing shapes are themselves contained within &lt;draw:a&gt; elements, then the xlink:href attributes of those &lt;draw:a&gt; elements act as the hyperlink information for the shapes they contain.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:g&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:g&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:g&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
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<h3>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; element specifies a point in the area of a drawing object to which a connector shape can connect. All drawing objects have four standard glue points located at the center of the four edges of the object&#039;s bounding box. Additional glue points may be added to a drawing object by inserting one or more &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; elements into a drawing object element.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:align 19.111, draw:escape-direction 19.147, draw:id 19.187, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
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<p>The &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
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<h3>&lt;svg:title&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;svg:title&gt; element specifies a name for a graphic object.</p>
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<p>The &lt;svg:title&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
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<p>The &lt;svg:title&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
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<p>The &lt;svg:title&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
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<p>The &lt;svg:title&gt; element has character data content.</p>
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<h3>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;svg:desc&gt; element specifies a prose description of a graphic object that may be used to support accessibility. See appendix D.</p>
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<p>The &lt;svg:desc&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
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<p>The &lt;svg:desc&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
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<p>The &lt;svg:desc&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:desc&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element represents the attachment of an event listener to a drawing shape, form control or other event-driven object. See 14.5. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9, &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24, &lt;office:scripts&gt; 3.12, &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8 and &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2 and &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Frames</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A frame is a container for enhanced content like text boxes, images or objects. A frame may contain multiple renditions of content. A consumer may choose the representation that it supports best.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Multiple representations may share &lt;svg:desc&gt; and &lt;svg:title&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Each child element of a frame is a different representation of the same content. The order of content elements reflects the document author&#039;s preference for rendering, with the first child element being preferred. That means that consumers should render the first child element that they support. A frame may contain multiple content elements, but shall contain at least one content element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Within text documents, frames are also used to position content outside the default text flow of a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:frame&gt; element represents a frame and serves as the container for elements that may occur in a frame. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Frame formatting properties are stored in styles belonging to the graphic family.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:frame&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:image&gt; 3.9, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:frame&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:copy-of 19.126, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class 19.393, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:placeholder 19.411, presentation:style-name 19.426, presentation:user-transformed 19.431, style:rel-height 19.513, style:rel-width 19.514, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:frame&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3, &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:image-map&gt; 10.4.13.2, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element represents a text box. This element may be used to place text in a container that is outside of the flow of the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:chain-next-name 19.118, draw:corner-radius 19.127, fo:max-height 19.238, fo:max-width 19.239, fo:min-height 19.240, fo:min-width 19.241, text:id 19.815 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:image&gt; element represents an image. An image can be either:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A link to an external resource</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>or</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Embedded in the document</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:image&gt; element may have text content. Text content is displayed in addition to the image data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: While the image data may have an arbitrary format, vector graphics should be stored in the [SVG] format and bitmap graphics in the [PNG] format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:image&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:filter-name 19.170, draw:mime-type 19.191, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:image&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:binary-data&gt; 10.4.5, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element contains image data in BASE64 encoding (as defined in [RFC2045]). If this element is present, an xlink:href 19.916 attribute in its parent element shall be ignored. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The image data may be in an arbitrary data format. Consumers have to analyze the image data to determine the data format that is used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3 and &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element has content of data type base64Binary 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Embedded Objects</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>General</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A document in OpenDocument format can contain two types of embedded objects, as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Objects that have an OpenDocument representation.</li><li>Objects that do not have an OpenDocument representation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: OLE objects are an example of objects without an OpenDocument representation. See [OLE].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;draw:object&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:object&gt; element represents objects that have a OpenDocument representation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Objects with an OpenDocument representation can either be: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Contained in the same package as a document, in which case the Object is a sub-document within the package. The xlink:href attribute of this element references that folder. 1.3</li><li>Contained in a separate OpenDocument document instance. The xlink:href attribute of this element references that document&#039;s package. </li><li>Contained in a child &lt;office:document&gt; element of this element. </li><li>Contained in a child &lt;math:math&gt; element of this element. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: An image representation of an object should be included in a frame in addition to the object itself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:object&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:object&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges 19.200, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:object&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;math:math&gt; 14.6 and &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; element represents objects that do not have an OpenDocument representation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Objects without an OpenDocument representation can either be: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Contained in the same package as a document, in which case it is contained in a file within the package. The xlink:href attribute of this element references that file. </li><li>Contained in a separate file. The xlink:href attribute of this element references that file.</li><li>Contained in a child &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element of this element. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:class-id 19.119, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:binary-data&gt; 10.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:applet&gt; (Deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:applet&gt; element represents an applet that is embedded in a document. Its semantics are the same as the &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. §13.4 of [HTML4]. This element shall have either a draw:code or draw:object attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The applet name, width, height, margins, title and description are specified by the &lt;draw:applet&gt; element&#039;s &lt;draw:frame&gt; parent element. The &lt;draw:applet&gt; element does not support character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:applet&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:applet&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:archive 19.113, draw:code 19.121, draw:may-script 19.195, draw:object 19.201, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:applet&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;draw:param&gt; 10.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:plugin&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:plugin&gt; element represents an external application that processes data with a specified media type.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>How OpenDocument consumers interact with external applications is not defined by this specification.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Consumers are responsible for any and all security issues that may arise from interaction with an external application referenced by a &lt;draw:plugin&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:plugin&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:plugin&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:mime-type 19.191, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:plugin&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;draw:param&gt; 10.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:param&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:param&gt; element contains parameters that are passed to an applet or plugin when they are initialized.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:param&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7 and &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:param&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:name 19.197 and draw:value 19.230.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:param&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; element represents a frame that is embedded in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Floating frames cannot be transformed as described in section 19.228.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:frame-name 19.172, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Contours</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>General</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; and &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; elements are used to specify contours to be applied to object or images.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Consumers should support pixel lengths for the svg:width and svg:height attributes of the &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; and &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: A contour of an object or image establishes an outer boundary around an object or image. One use would be the wrapping of text around a contour specified for an image, if style:wrap-contour=”true” and a contour is specified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; element specifies a contour using a polygon. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:points 19.206, draw:recreate-on-edit 19.208, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574 and svg:width 19.575.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; element specifies a contour using a path. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:recreate-on-edit 19.208, svg:d 19.530, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574 and svg:width 19.575.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:a&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:a&gt; element enables both frames and drawing shapes to act as hyperlinks. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:a&gt; element contains a drawing shape that should behave as a hyperlink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:a&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:a&gt; element has the following attributes: office:name 19.380, office:server-map 19.382, office:target-frame-name 19.385, office:title 19.387, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:a&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
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<h3>Client Side Image Maps</h3>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>General</h4>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An client side image map is a collection of hyperlinks that are associated with graphic elements. The image map is a sequence of image map elements. Each image map element associates a hyperlink with an area. The area can be a rectangle, circle or polygon.</p>
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<h4>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:image-map&gt; element represents an image map.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Image map elements are specified at absolute positions relative to the original size of its associated graphical element. OpenDocument consumer shall scale the image map to match the current size of the image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:image-map&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:image-map&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:image-map&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5 and &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; element specifies a rectangular image map area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:image-map&gt; 10.4.13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:nohref 19.199, office:name 19.380, office:target-frame-name 19.385, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; element represents a circular image map area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:image-map&gt; 10.4.13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:nohref 19.199, office:name 19.380, office:target-frame-name 19.385, svg:cx 19.528, svg:cy 19.529, svg:r 19.553, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
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<h4>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; element specifies a polygonal image map area. A polygonal image map area has the following components:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A bounding box.<br/>The bounding box establishes the reference frame for the view box and the polygon point sequence. The reference frame enables the coordinates to be translated into absolute coordinates.</li><li>A view box.<br/>The view box attribute establishes a coordinate system for the point sequence. The view box avoids the need to record every point of the point sequence as absolute coordinates with length and unit of measurement.</li><li>A sequence of points in view-box coordinates in the draw:points attribute.</li></ul>
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<p>Note: For more information about how to represent polygons, see &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:image-map&gt; 10.4.13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:nohref 19.199, draw:points 19.206, office:name 19.380, office:target-frame-name 19.385, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>3D Shapes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>3D shapes are used to define three-dimensional coordinate systems and geometrical figures within them. All OpenDocument 3D coordinate systems are right-handed. Geometry is represented by a tree of scenes. Each scene may contain zero or more 3D shapes, with a scene being a special case of shape. The root scene defines the world coordinate system. Each 3D shape may define a local coordinate system relative to its parent 3D scene.</p>
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<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element is the only element that can contain three-dimensional shapes. Like the &lt;draw:g&gt; element it groups shapes, but it also defines the projection, lighting, and other rendering details for the shapes inside the scene.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attributes svg:x, svg:y, svg:width and svg:height are only evaluated for the outermost &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element. The attributes svg:x, svg:y, svg:width and svg:height specify together a rectangular viewport into which the projection of the scene is drawn. The projection is scaled non-uniformly such that the bounding box of the projected elements matches the viewport rectangle. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attributes svg:x and svg:y refer to the coordinate system of the parent element. They specify the top-left point of the viewport rectangle. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: To display a uniformly scaled projection, the producer has to generate suitable values for svg:width and svg:height. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:ambient-color 19.92, dr3d:distance 19.96, dr3d:focal-length 19.98, dr3d:lighting-mode 19.99, dr3d:projection 19.102, dr3d:shade-mode 19.103, dr3d:shadow-slant 19.104, dr3d:transform 19.107, dr3d:vpn 19.108, dr3d:vrp 19.109, dr3d:vup 19.110, draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element represents a light inside a scene.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: There may be several lights, but consumers may limit the number of lights per scene to 8. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:diffuse-color 19.94, dr3d:direction 19.95, dr3d:enabled 19.97 and dr3d:specular 19.106.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; element represents a three-dimensional cube shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:max-edge 19.100, dr3d:min-edge 19.101, dr3d:transform 19.107, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; element represents a three-dimensional sphere shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:center 19.93, dr3d:size 19.105, dr3d:transform 19.107, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; element represents a three-dimensional extruded object based on the given polygon. The 3D geometry is formed by extruding a polygon perpendicular to the plane of the given polygon by a depth (see dr3d:depth, 20.79), creating a front face, a back face and side faces. The side faces are formed by connecting all corresponding single edges of the front and back faces. When no depth is given, the polygon forms a shape without depth. The closing of the front face depends on the value of the dr3d:close-front attribute 20.78. The closing of the back face depends on the value of the dr3d:close-back attribute 20.77. The size of the back face can be relative to the size of the front face when the dr3d:back-scale attribute is used. The side faces defined by the extrusion of the shape are always closed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:transform 19.107, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:d 19.530, svg:viewBox 19.574 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; element represents a three-dimensional rotation shape based on the given polygon. The 3D geometry is defined by rotating the XY-plane with the polygon around the Y-axis of the local coordinate system.  This rotation is linearly interpolated in the given number of steps (dr3d:horizontal-segments 20.85) around the given angle (dr3d:end-angle 20.84). The side faces are formed by connecting all corresponding single edges of a neighboring pairs of rotated polygons. By default, the rotation uses a full rotation (360 degrees, dr3d:end-angle attribute 20.84). In that case the 3D geometry is implicitly closed and no front face or back face is created (unless they are of different sizes). If the rotation is different, a front face is created using the first, unrotated polygon and a back face is created using the last rotated polygon. The closing of a front face also depends on the value of the dr3d:close-front attribute 20.78 and the closing of a back face on the value of the dr3d:close-back 20.77 attribute. The size of the back face can be different than the size of the front face when the dr3d:back-scale attribute 20.75 is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:transform 19.107, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:d 19.530, svg:viewBox 19.574 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Custom Shape</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element represents a complex figure. It supports font geometry effects and extrusion. A custom shape may have a geometry that influences its shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:data 19.131, draw:engine 19.146, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2, &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element contains the geometry for a &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element if its draw:engine attribute has been omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:projection 19.102, dr3d:shade-mode 19.103, draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed 19.124, draw:enhanced-path 19.145, draw:extrusion 19.148, draw:extrusion-allowed 19.149, draw:extrusion-brightness 19.150, draw:extrusion-color 19.151, draw:extrusion-depth 19.152, draw:extrusion-diffusion 19.153, draw:extrusion-first-light-direction 19.154, draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh 19.155, draw:extrusion-first-light-level 19.156, draw:extrusion-light-face 19.157, draw:extrusion-metal 19.158, draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments 19.159, draw:extrusion-origin 19.160, draw:extrusion-rotation-angle 19.161, draw:extrusion-rotation-center 19.162, draw:extrusion-second-light-direction 19.163, draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh 19.164, draw:extrusion-second-light-level 19.165, draw:extrusion-shininess 19.166, draw:extrusion-skew 19.167, draw:extrusion-specularity 19.168, draw:extrusion-viewpoint 19.169, draw:glue-point-leaving-directions 19.173, draw:glue-point-type 19.174, draw:glue-points 19.175, draw:mirror-horizontal 19.192, draw:mirror-vertical 19.193, draw:modifiers 19.196, draw:path-stretchpoint-x 19.204, draw:path-stretchpoint-y 19.205, draw:text-areas 19.220, draw:text-path 19.221, draw:text-path-allowed 19.222, draw:text-path-mode 19.223, draw:text-path-same-letter-heights 19.224, draw:text-path-scale 19.225, draw:text-rotate-angle 19.226, draw:type 19.229 and svg:viewBox 19.574.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5 and &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:handle&gt; element represents a single interaction handle for a drawing shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:handle&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:handle&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:handle-mirror-horizontal 19.176, draw:handle-mirror-vertical 19.177, draw:handle-polar 19.178, draw:handle-position 19.179, draw:handle-radius-range-maximum 19.180, draw:handle-radius-range-minimum 19.181, draw:handle-range-x-maximum 19.182, draw:handle-range-x-minimum 19.183, draw:handle-range-y-maximum 19.184, draw:handle-range-y-minimum 19.185 and draw:handle-switched 19.186.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:handle&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Presentation Shapes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Presentation shapes are shapes on a draw page that are part of a presentation page layout 16.43 element. They use styles with a style family value of presentation 19.394, unlike drawing shapes which use styles with a style family value of graphic 19.120. Presentation shapes can be empty, acting only as placeholders. If a draw page&#039;s presentation layout is changed, all presentation shapes contained in that draw page are adapted automatically.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Standard drawing shapes can also be used in presentations. The presentation:class 19.393 attribute distinguishes presentation shapes from drawing shapes. Unlike presentation shapes, standard drawing shapes are not adapted if the presentation page layout is changed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Presentation Animations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:animations&gt; element is a container for animation effects. Animation effects are executed when a page represented by a &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 element containing this element is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A single shape may be the subject of multiple effects. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:animations&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:animations&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:animations&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9, &lt;presentation:dim&gt; 10.8.7, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:play&gt; 10.8.8, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:sound&gt; element represents a sound.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:sound&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:dim&gt; 10.8.7, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3, &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4 and &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:sound&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:play-full 19.412, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:sound&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; element specifies when and how a shape becomes visible. Prior to execution of the effect defined by this element the shape is invisible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:shape-id 19.210, presentation:delay 19.395, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:path-id 19.409, presentation:speed 19.421 and presentation:start-scale 19.422.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; element specifies when and how the text within a shape becomes visible. Prior to execution of the effect defined by this element the shape and the text it contains are invisible. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:shape-id 19.210, presentation:delay 19.395, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:path-id 19.409, presentation:speed 19.421 and presentation:start-scale 19.422.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; element specifies when and how a shape becomes invisible. Prior to execution of the effect defined by this element the shape is visible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:shape-id 19.210, presentation:delay 19.395, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:path-id 19.409, presentation:speed 19.421 and presentation:start-scale 19.422.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; element specifies when and how the text within a shape becomes invisible. Prior to execution of the effect specified by this element the shape and the text it contains are visible.  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:shape-id 19.210, presentation:delay 19.395, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:path-id 19.409, presentation:speed 19.421 and presentation:start-scale 19.422.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:dim&gt; element specifies a fill color for a shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:dim&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:dim&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:color 19.122 and draw:shape-id 19.210.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:dim&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:play&gt; element specifies the presentation speed of animation of a shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:play&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:play&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:shape-id 19.210 and presentation:speed 19.421.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:play&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; element contains elements that specify multiple animation effects. Containment results in all effects occurring at the same time. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;presentation:dim&gt; 10.8.7, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:play&gt; 10.8.8, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>SMIL Presentation Animations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SMIL based shape animations are specified for presentation documents. This type of animation can be used instead of that specified by &lt;presentation:animations&gt; elements if elements for one of the following items is required:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Multiple animations per shape.</li><li>A mixture of animations starting on user interaction and starting automatically per page.</li><li>Multiple animations running at the same time.</li><li>Additional effects ”programmed” in XML by combining animation elements.</li><li>Document transformations to SVG.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An <em>effect</em> is a combination of one or more animation elements that animate a single shape and or a shape&#039;s paragraphs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element defines the trigger for a presentation event.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:action 19.391, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:speed 19.421, presentation:start-scale 19.422, presentation:verb 19.432, script:event-name 19.433, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Presentation Document Content</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:header&gt; element defines a field that contains a header for a presentation. Which header field declaration is used is specified by the presentation:use-header-name 19.430 attribute of the &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 where the field occurs. In a presentation shape inside a master page 19.393, the presentation:use-header-name attribute of the &lt;draw:page&gt; element for which the drawing shape is displayed is used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This field is mainly used inside master pages. Since its value may differ for the individual drawing pages that make use of a master page, the current field value is not available.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:header&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:header&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:header&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; element specifies the text of a header field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; element has the following attribute: presentation:name 19.405.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer&gt; element defines a field that contains a footer for a presentation. Footer fields display a footer text specified in a footer field declaration. See 10.9.3.4. Which footer field declaration is used is specified by the presentation:use-footer-name attribute of the draw page where the field occurs. In a presentation drawing shape inside a master page 19.393, the presentation:use-footer-name attribute of the &lt;draw:page&gt; for which the drawing shape is displayed is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This field is mainly used inside master pages. Since its value may differ for the individual drawing pages that make use of a master page, the current field value is not available.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; element specifies the text of a footer field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; element has the following attribute: presentation:name 19.405.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; element defines a field that contains a date/time text for a presentation. Date/time fields display a date/time text as specified in the date/time field declaration. See 10.9.3.6. Which date/time field declaration is used is specified by the presentation:use-date-time-name attribute of the draw page where the field occurs. In a presentation drawing shape inside a master page 19.393, the presentation:use-date-time-name attribute of the drawing page for which the drawing shape is displayed is used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This field is mainly used inside master pages. Since its value may differ for the individual drawing pages that make use of a master page, the current field value is not available.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element specifies the text of a date/time field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:name 19.405, presentation:source 19.420 and style:data-style-name 19.473.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:settings&gt; element is a container for the settings for a presentation in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:settings&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:settings&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:animations 19.392, presentation:endless 19.397, presentation:force-manual 19.399, presentation:full-screen 19.400, presentation:mouse-as-pen 19.403, presentation:mouse-visible 19.404, presentation:pause 19.410, presentation:show 19.417, presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide 19.418, presentation:show-logo 19.419, presentation:start-page 19.423, presentation:start-with-navigator 19.424, presentation:stay-on-top 19.425 and presentation:transition-on-click 19.427.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:settings&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:show&gt; 10.9.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show&gt; element specifies the order in which pages are displayed during a presentation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The order of pages can be used to omit or repeat pages in a presentation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:name 19.405 and presentation:pages 19.408.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:show&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Chart Content</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:chart&gt; element represents a chart. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:chart&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:chart&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:class 19.15, chart:column-mapping 19.16, chart:row-mapping 19.26, chart:style-name 19.27, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:chart&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2, &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Title, Subtitle and Footer</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:title&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:title&gt; element represents a title in a chart document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text of a title is specified by a child &lt;text:p&gt; element or a table:cell-range attribute. If a child &lt;text:p&gt; element and a table:cell-range attribute are both present, the text specified by the table:cell-range attribute is used as the title. By default, the content of a child &lt;text:p&gt; element is displayed as the title. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This element can also be a sub-element of &lt;chart:axis&gt;. 11.9 In that case the title is displayed beside the axis specified by the &lt;chart:axis&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:title&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 and &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:title&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581 and table:cell-range 19.596.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:title&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; element represents a subtitle for a chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text of a subtitle is specified by a child &lt;text:p&gt; element or a table:cell-range attribute. If a child &lt;text:p&gt; element and a table:cell-range attribute are both present, the text specified by the table:cell-range attribute is used as the subtitle. By default, the content of a child &lt;text:p&gt; element is displayed as the title. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581 and table:cell-range 19.596.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:footer&gt; element represents a footer below a chart&#039;s plot area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text of a footer is specified by a child &lt;text:p&gt; element or a table:cell-range attribute. If a child &lt;text:p&gt; element and a table:cell-range attribute are both present, the text specified by the table:cell-range attribute is used as the footer. By default, the content of a child &lt;text:p&gt; element is displayed as the footer. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:footer&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:footer&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581 and table:cell-range 19.596.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:footer&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element specifies a positioning rectangle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For charts with a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, the used intervals on the axes span a rectangular coordinate-region. Axis labels, tick marks, axis titles and data labels are not considered in determining the coordinate-region. The coordinate system is scaled so that the coordinate-region matches width and height of the positioning rectangle. The entire chart is located so that the coordinate-region matches the positioning rectangle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Charts of the predefined classes chart:radar, chart:filled-radar, chart:circle and chart:ring do not have a Cartesian coordinate system. For such charts the smallest bounding circle is considered ignoring all axis labels, tick marks, axis titles and data labels. The rectangular bounding box of this circle is the coordinate-region. Where single data points have a chart:pie-offset greater than zero that offset shall not contribute to an expansion of the coordinate-region; thus a pulled out pie segment is allowed to protrude from the coordinate-region. A chart:pie-offset at the series element in contrast shall contribute to the coordinate region.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Circle or ring or the polar coordinate system of radar-charts respectively is uniformly scaled so that the coordinate-region has maximal size, but does not exceed the size of the positioning rectangle. The entire chart is located so that the coordinate-region is centered in the positioning rectangle. Producers should specify a square positioning rectangle for charts of these classes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The behavior for the three-dimensional charts is described in section 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The behavior is implementation-defined for charts of non-predefined chart classes, which have no Cartesian coordinate system.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element has the following attributes: svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:legend&gt; element represents a legend for a chart. If there is no &lt;chart:legend&gt; element for a chart, no legend is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A legend contains a list of legend entries. Each entry consists of a graphical entry key and an entry text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For circle and ring charts each legend entry represents an individual data point of the first series. The graphical entry key represents the visual appearance of a data point while the entry text is the category of the point.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The categories to use are given as a list of labels defined by the &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element at the x-axis. They are paired with matching data points in the order in which they appear. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For surface charts each graphic entry key represents the graphical appearance of the surface within a major interval of the altitude axis and the entry text represents the value range of that interval.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For all other chart types the legend entries represent the series of the chart. The graphical entry keys represent the visual appearance of each series while the entry texts contain the names of the series. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The legend may include additional entries for regression-curves and mean-value lines. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:legend&gt; element may contain a &lt;text:p&gt; element. If present, it defines a title for the legend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:legend&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:legend&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:legend-align 19.22, chart:legend-position 19.23, chart:style-name 19.27, style:legend-expansion 19.494, style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio 19.495, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:legend&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element represents a coordinate system in which data is plotted including defined axes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The plot area may be displayed as a 3D scene as specified in section 10.5.2. All 3D attributes that can be applied to the &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element can be applied to the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element. This includes the dr3d:transform attribute that specifies the rotation of the three-dimensional plot area. 10.5.2 The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element may contain a &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element as specified in section 10.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x, svg:y, svg:width and svg:height attributes specify together a positioning rectangle that serves as the viewport for the projection of the scene. Consumers shall use uniform scaling, so that the projection has maximal size but does not exceed the size of the positioning rectangle. The projection of the scene is centered inside the positioning rectangle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element contains a &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element, the position and size values of the &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element are used instead of those from the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; to determine the positioning rectangle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the attributes chart:auto-position and chart:auto-size within a chart style applied to the chart:plot-area have the value true, all positioning attributes including those within child element &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; shall be ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For three-dimensional charts of classes chart:circle and chart:ring the content is extruded. The bounding box as described in 11.3 is extruded the same way and used instead of the entire scene to position and scale the projection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For charts with a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, the used intervals on the axes generate a cuboid. This is used instead of the entire scene to position and scale the projection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For other three-dimensional charts the behavior is implementation-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:data-source-has-labels 19.17, chart:style-name 19.27, dr3d:ambient-color 19.92, dr3d:distance 19.96, dr3d:focal-length 19.98, dr3d:lighting-mode 19.99, dr3d:projection 19.102, dr3d:shade-mode 19.103, dr3d:shadow-slant 19.104, dr3d:transform 19.107, dr3d:vpn 19.108, dr3d:vrp 19.109, dr3d:vup 19.110, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:cell-range-address 19.597 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9, &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3, &lt;chart:floor&gt; 11.8, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12, &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; 11.20, &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; 11.21, &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; 11.22, &lt;chart:wall&gt; 11.7 and &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>3D Plot Area</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The plot area may be displayed as an 3D scene as specified in section 10.5.2. All 3D attributes that can be applied to the &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element can be applied to the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element. This includes the dr3d:transform attribute that specifies the rotation of the three-dimensional plot area. 10.5.2 The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element may contain a &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element as specified in section 10.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:wall&gt; element specifies the wall of a chart. For two-dimensional charts, the wall spans the entire plot area. For three-dimensional charts, the wall consists of two perpendicular rectangles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies the thickness of a wall for three-dimensional charts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:wall&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:wall&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27 and svg:width 19.575.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:wall&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:floor&gt; element specifies the floor of a chart. For three-dimensional charts, the &lt;chart:floor&gt; element shall be present in addition to the &lt;chart:wall&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies the thickness of the floor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:floor&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:floor&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27 and svg:width 19.575.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:floor&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:axis&gt; element specifies an axis for a chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:axis&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:axis&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:dimension 19.18, chart:name 19.24 and chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:axis&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10, &lt;chart:grid&gt; 11.11 and &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:categories&gt; element represents labels that are displayed on a category-axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This element may have a table:cell-range-address attribute that specifies a range from which category labels are taken. If this attribute or the &lt;chart:categories&gt; element itself is omitted, the chart:data-source-has-labels attribute of the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element should be evaluated for labels to display on a category-axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:categories&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:categories&gt; element has the following attribute: table:cell-range-address 19.597.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:categories&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:grid&gt; element specifies a grid for an axis. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:grid&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:grid&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:class 19.15 and chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:grid&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:series&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:series&gt; element represents a data series in a chart. If the chart requires more input data, it is the case for scatter and bubble charts, &lt;chart:domain&gt; sub-elements shall be defined that contain the cell range addresses of the corresponding data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:series&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:series&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:attached-axis 19.13, chart:class 19.15, chart:label-cell-address 19.21, chart:style-name 19.27, chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:series&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13, &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; 11.17, &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; 11.16 and &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; 11.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:domain&gt; element specifies coordinate values required by particular chart types.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For scatter charts, one &lt;chart:domain&gt; element shall exist. Its table:cell-range-address attribute references the x-coordinate values for the scatter chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For bubble charts, two &lt;chart:domain&gt; elements shall exist. The values for the y-coordinates are given by the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; element. The values for the x-coordinates are given by the second &lt;chart:domain&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For surface charts, up to two &lt;chart:domain&gt; elements are allowed to exist. The values for the y-coordinates are given by the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; element. The values for the x-coordinates are given by the second &lt;chart:domain&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At least one &lt;chart:series&gt; element of a given chart:class shall have the necessary number of &lt;chart:domain&gt; sub-elements. All other &lt;chart:series&gt; elements with the same chart:class may omit the &lt;chart:domain&gt; sub-elements and use the previously-defined values for the same chart:class value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:domain&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:domain&gt; element has the following attribute: table:cell-range-address 19.597.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:domain&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:data-point&gt; element specifies a style for a single data point in a data series.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This element would typically be used if a single data point has a special or distinct appearance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:data-point&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:data-point&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:repeated 19.25, chart:style-name 19.27 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:data-point&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element represents the data label of a data point. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element can also be a sub-element of a data series. In that case, the data label serves as default for all the data points of this series.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 and &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:mean-value&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; element specifies a style for a mean-value line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; element has the following attribute: chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; element specifies a style for error indicators.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:dimension 19.18 and chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; element specifies the properties of regression curves.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; element has the following attribute: chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:equation&gt; element represents the equation for a containing regression curve. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:equation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; 11.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:equation&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:automatic-content 19.14, chart:display-equation 19.19, chart:display-r-square 19.20, chart:style-name 19.27, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:equation&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; element specifies a style for candlestick-bars in a stock chart that have a higher closing value than opening value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; element has the following attribute: chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; element specifies the style for candlestick-bars 19.15.1 in a stock chart that have a lower closing value than opening value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; element has the following attribute: chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; element specifies a style for the range-lines 19.15.1 in a stock chart. A range-line is a line connecting the minimum value with the maximum value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; element has the following attribute: chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Database Front-end Document Content</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:database&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;office:database&gt; element is a container of database elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:database&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:database&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:database&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:data-source&gt; 12.2, &lt;db:forms&gt; 12.25.2, &lt;db:queries&gt; 12.26, &lt;db:reports&gt; 12.25.3, &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; 12.36 and &lt;db:table-representations&gt; 12.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;db:data-source&gt; element is a container for data source specific elements that are needed to create a connection to a database.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15, &lt;db:connection-data&gt; 12.3 and &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:connection-data&gt; element specifies the information necessary to connect to a database.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:connection-data&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:data-source&gt; 12.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:connection-data&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:connection-data&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;db:database-description&gt; 12.4 and &lt;db:login&gt; 12.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:database-description&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:database-description&gt; element specifies a database resource by its type and access parameters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:database-description&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:connection-data&gt; 12.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:database-description&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:database-description&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5 and &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element specifies a database which is composed of one or more files in an arbitrary file system.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:database-description&gt; 12.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element has the following attributes: db:extension 19.52, db:media-type 19.69, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:server-database&gt; element specifies connection information for a server-based database. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:server-database&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:database-description&gt; 12.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:server-database&gt; element has the following attributes: db:database-name 19.43, db:hostname 19.54, db:local-socket 19.67, db:port 19.72 and db:type 19.85.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:server-database&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; element specifies a database connection by an IRI.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:connection-data&gt; 12.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; element has the following attributes: xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:login&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:login&gt; element specifies the information needed to establish a connection to a database.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: For security reasons, the &lt;db:login&gt; element does not have an attribute to store a password that may be required to establish a connection. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:login&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:connection-data&gt; 12.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:login&gt; element has the following attributes: db:is-password-required 19.63, db:login-timeout 19.61, db:use-system-user 19.89 and db:user-name 19.90.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:login&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; element specifies settings for a driver establishing the database connection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:data-source&gt; 12.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; element has the following attributes: db:base-dn 19.35, db:is-first-row-header-line 19.60, db:parameter-name-substitution 19.71, db:show-deleted 19.78 and db:system-driver-settings 19.82.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; 12.10, &lt;db:character-set&gt; 12.12, &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11 and &lt;db:table-settings&gt; 12.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:auto-increment&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; element specifies SQL statements to retrieve auto-generated row values and to set AUTO_INCREMENT values for columns. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; element has the following attributes: db:additional-column-statement 19.31 and db:row-retrieving-statement 19.75.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:delimiter&gt; element defines a delimiter for parsing data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:delimiter&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9 and &lt;db:table-setting&gt; 12.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:delimiter&gt; element has the following attributes: db:decimal 19.44, db:field 19.53, db:string 19.79 and db:thousand 19.83.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:delimiter&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:character-set&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:character-set&gt; element defines the text encoding that is used to transform string data obtained from a database.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:character-set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9 and &lt;db:table-setting&gt; 12.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:character-set&gt; element has the following attribute: db:encoding 19.50.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:character-set&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-settings&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-settings&gt; element is a container for &lt;db:table-setting&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-settings&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-settings&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-settings&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-setting&gt; 12.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-setting&gt; element specifies driver-level settings which are used by a database driver for defining a single database table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-setting&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-settings&gt; 12.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-setting&gt; element has the following attributes: db:is-first-row-header-line 19.60 and db:show-deleted 19.78.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-setting&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:character-set&gt; 12.12 and &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; element specifies settings which define how a consumer uses a database connection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:data-source&gt; 12.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; element has the following attributes: db:append-table-alias-name 19.32, db:boolean-comparison-mode 19.36, db:enable-sql92-check 19.49, db:ignore-driver-privileges 19.55, db:is-table-name-length-limited 19.66, db:max-row-count 19.68, db:suppress-version-columns 19.81 and db:use-catalog 19.88.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; 12.22, &lt;db:table-filter&gt; 12.16 and &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; 12.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-filter&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;db:table-filter&gt; element defines a list of filter patterns which are applied on the table names returned by a database. Only tables which match at least one include filter, and do not match any exclude filter, will be displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; 12.18 and &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; 12.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-include-filter&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; element specifies a list of filter patterns which determine inclusion of tables in a consumer&#039;s table display.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-filter&gt; 12.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; 12.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; element specifies a list of filter patterns which determine exclusion of tables in a consumer&#039;s table display.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-filter&gt; 12.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; 12.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; element specifies a filter pattern. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The “%” (U+0025. PERCENT SIGN) character is used as wildcard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; 12.18 and &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; 12.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-type-filter&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; element defines a list of table types which a database uses to filter tables. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-type&gt; 12.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-type&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-type&gt; element specifies a table type. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Table types are database-specific.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-type&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; 12.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-type&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-type&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-type&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; element is a container element for &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; 12.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element specifies the name of a data-source-setting, a data-source-setting type, and whether a data-source-setting contains a list of data or single data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; 12.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element has the following attributes: db:data-source-setting-is-list 19.39, db:data-source-setting-name 19.40 and db:data-source-setting-type 19.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; 12.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; element specifies the content of a data-source-setting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; 12.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Forms and Reports</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Database documents can contain forms and reports as sub-documents. They&#039;re included in database front-end documents by XLinks. Alternatively, the content of sub-documents may be included in the &lt;db:component&gt; elements as child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:forms&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:forms&gt; element may contain &lt;db:component&gt; or &lt;db:component-collection&gt; elements or both. It specifies a list of form documents and sub-collections. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:forms&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:forms&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:forms&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:reports&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:reports&gt; element may contain &lt;db:component&gt; or &lt;db:component-collection&gt; elements or both. It specifies a list of report documents and sub-collections. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:reports&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:reports&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:reports&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:component-collection&gt; element specifies a collection of &lt;db:component&gt; elements and &lt;db:component-collection&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:component-collection&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4, &lt;db:forms&gt; 12.25.2 and &lt;db:reports&gt; 12.25.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:component-collection&gt; element has the following attributes: db:description 19.48, db:name 19.70 and db:title 19.84.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:component-collection&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:component&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:component&gt; element specifies a database component which can be either a form or a report.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A database component is referenced using the xlink:href attribute or it is contained in a child element of either a &lt;office:document&gt; or &lt;math:math&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:component&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4, &lt;db:forms&gt; 12.25.2 and &lt;db:reports&gt; 12.25.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:component&gt; element has the following attributes: db:as-template 19.34, db:description 19.48, db:name 19.70, db:title 19.84, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:component&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;math:math&gt; 14.6 and &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:queries&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:queries&gt; element may contain &lt;db:query&gt; or &lt;db:query-collection&gt; elements or both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:queries&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:queries&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:queries&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:query-collection&gt; element may contain &lt;db:query&gt; or &lt;db:query-collection&gt; elements or both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:query-collection&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:queries&gt; 12.26 and &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:query-collection&gt; element has the following attributes: db:description 19.48, db:name 19.70 and db:title 19.84.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:query-collection&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:query&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:query&gt; element specifies a database query.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:query&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:queries&gt; 12.26 and &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:query&gt; element has the following attributes: db:command 19.38, db:default-row-style-name 19.46, db:description 19.48, db:escape-processing 19.51, db:name 19.70, db:style-name 19.80 and db:title 19.84.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:query&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:columns&gt; 12.34, &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; 12.30, &lt;db:order-statement&gt; 12.29 and &lt;db:update-table&gt; 12.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:order-statement&gt; element specifies a sort (&quot;ORDER BY&quot;) [SQL] clause which is to be applied on top of another [SQL] statement producing a result set.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:order-statement&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:order-statement&gt; element has the following attributes: db:apply-command 19.33 and db:command 19.38.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:order-statement&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; element specifies a filter (&quot;WHERE&quot;) [SQL] clause which is to be applied on top of another [SQL]-statement producing a result set.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; element has the following attributes: db:apply-command 19.33 and db:command 19.38.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:update-table&gt; element specifies the name of the table which will be updated when an UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE [SQL] statement is executed. It defines the table which should be updated when a SELECT [SQL] statement contains more than one table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:update-table&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:update-table&gt; element has the following attributes: db:catalog-name 19.37, db:name 19.70 and db:schema-name 19.77.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:update-table&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-representations&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-representations&gt; element specifies a collection of tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-representations&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-representations&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-representations&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;db:table-representation&gt; element specifies how a consumer displays a table to the user.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-representation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-representations&gt; 12.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-representation&gt; element has the following attributes: db:catalog-name 19.37, db:default-row-style-name 19.46, db:description 19.48, db:name 19.70, db:schema-name 19.77, db:style-name 19.80 and db:title 19.84.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-representation&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:columns&gt; 12.34, &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; 12.30 and &lt;db:order-statement&gt; 12.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:columns&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:columns&gt; element is a collection of &lt;db:column&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:columns&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:columns&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:columns&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:column&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column&gt; element specifies settings for a column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:columns&gt; 12.34.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column&gt; element has the following attributes: db:default-cell-style-name 19.45, db:description 19.48, db:name 19.70, db:style-name 19.80, db:title 19.84, db:visible 19.91, office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:schema-definition&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; element specifies a database schema. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; 12.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-definitions&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; element is a container for multiple &lt;db:table-definition&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; 12.36.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-definition&gt; element specifies the schema of a single table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-definition&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; 12.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-definition&gt; element has the following attributes: db:catalog-name 19.37, db:name 19.70, db:schema-name 19.77 and db:type 19.85.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:table-definition&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; 12.39, &lt;db:indices&gt; 12.45 and &lt;db:keys&gt; 12.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:column-definitions&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; element is a container for &lt;db:column-definition&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column-definition&gt; element defines a table column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column-definition&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; 12.39.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column-definition&gt; element has the following attributes: db:data-type 19.42, db:is-autoincrement 19.57, db:is-empty-allowed 19.59, db:is-nullable 19.62, db:name 19.70, db:precision 19.65, db:scale 19.76, db:type-name 19.86, office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:column-definition&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:keys&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:keys&gt; element is a container for one or more &lt;db:key&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:keys&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:keys&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:keys&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:key&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key&gt; element specifies a key for a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:keys&gt; 12.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key&gt; element has the following attributes: db:delete-rule 19.47, db:name 19.70, db:referenced-table-name 19.73, db:type 19.85 and db:update-rule 19.87.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:key-columns&gt; 12.43.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:key-columns&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key-columns&gt; element specifies the columns of a key.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key-columns&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key-columns&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key-columns&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:key-column&gt; 12.44.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key-column&gt; element specifies a description of a column of a table key.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key-column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:key-columns&gt; 12.43.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key-column&gt; element has the following attributes: db:name 19.70 and db:related-column-name 19.74.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:key-column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:indices&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:indices&gt; element defines the indexes of a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:indices&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:indices&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:indices&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:index&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index&gt; element defines the characteristics of a table index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:indices&gt; 12.45.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index&gt; element has the following attributes: db:catalog-name 19.37, db:is-clustered 19.58, db:is-unique 19.64 and db:name 19.70.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:index-columns&gt; 12.47.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:index-columns&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index-columns&gt; element specifies the columns of a table index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index-columns&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index-columns&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index-columns&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:index-column&gt; 12.48.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index-column&gt; element specifies the description of a column of a table index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index-column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:index-columns&gt; 12.47.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index-column&gt; element has the following attributes: db:is-ascending 19.56 and db:name 19.70.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;db:index-column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Form Content</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A form is a container for user-interface controls. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Buttons, text boxes, check boxes, and drop-down lists are user interface controls that can be contained in a form. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument format, the following rules apply to user interface controls and forms:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>All controls shall be located in a form. 13.5</li><li>All controls that are not hidden are assigned an absolute or relative position. These visual aspects of a control are represented by drawing shapes that contain a reference to the control.</li><li>Forms may be nested. The containing form provides a context for the contained form.</li><li>Forms are not connected with the text flow and layout of a document.</li><li>Forms can be data-aware. A form is data-aware if the values subject to its controls are populated from and updated to a database.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Form behavior is defined for submission and connection to a data source only for forms defined by a &lt;form:form&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The result set of values subject to the controls of the form is defined by the form:datasource, form:command, and form:command-type attributes. At any point in time, only one row of the result set is subject to the forms controls. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Form behavior is not defined for forms defined by a &lt;xforms:model&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:forms&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:forms&gt; element is a container for &lt;form:form&gt; or &lt;xforms:model&gt; elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:forms&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:forms&gt; element has the following attributes: form:apply-design-mode 19.250 and form:automatic-focus 19.253.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:forms&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3 and &lt;xforms:model&gt; 13.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;form:form&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:form&gt; element specifies a user-interface form and defines the contents and properties of the form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:form&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3 and &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:form&gt; element has the following attributes: form:allow-deletes 19.247, form:allow-inserts 19.248, form:allow-updates 19.249, form:apply-filter 19.251, form:command 19.256, form:command-type 19.257, form:control-implementation 19.258, form:datasource 19.264, form:detail-fields 19.267, form:enctype 19.271, form:escape-processing 19.272, form:filter 19.273, form:ignore-result 19.277, form:master-fields 19.287, form:method 19.291, form:name 19.294, form:navigation-mode 19.295, form:order 19.296, form:tab-cycle 19.309, office:target-frame 19.384, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:form&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9, &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;xforms:model&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;xforms:model&gt; element implements [XForms] and is embedded in the &lt;office:forms&gt; element. XForms consists of two major parts, the XForms model which contains the form logic plus form data, and XForms controls, which can be bound to a data model. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Controls defined by OpenDocument (see 13.5) may be bound to an XForms model by an xforms:bind attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;xforms:model&gt; element has the attributes and content defined in §3.3.1 of [XForms].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;xforms:model&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Controls</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Controls are used to interact with forms. Each control in a form is identified by a name. The name of a control need not be unique in a form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Controls are connected to the surrounding document (and its text flow, if applicable) by binding them to a shape that acts as a placeholder for the control. 10.3.13</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to the attributes defined in this standard, controls may have implementation-dependent attributes. Those attributes are stored in a &lt;form:properties&gt; element in each control. Control events are specified in a &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:text&gt; element defines a control for displaying and inputting text on a single line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:text&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:text&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:textarea&gt; element defines a control for displaying and inputting text on multiple lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:textarea&gt; element may be used with plain-text values (specified by the form:current-value attribute) as well as with formatted text (specified as paragraph content). If both a form:current-value attribute and one or more &lt;text:p&gt; elements are present, it is implementation-dependent which text is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:textarea&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:textarea&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:textarea&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:password&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:password&gt; element defines a control that uses an echo character to hide password input by a user.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:password&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:password&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:disabled 19.268, form:echo-char 19.270, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:password&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:file&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:file&gt; element defines a control for selecting a file.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:file&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:file&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:current-value 19.262, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:file&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; element defines a control for inputting text, which follows the format defined by a data style that is assigned to the control&#039;s graphical shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:max-value 19.289, form:min-value 19.290, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:repeat 19.302, form:spin-button 19.306, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:validation 19.315, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:number&gt; element defines a control which allows the user to enter a floating-point number. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:number&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:max-value 19.289, form:min-value 19.290, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:repeat 19.302, form:spin-button 19.306, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:number&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:date&gt; element defines a control for inputting date data. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:date&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:max-value 19.289, form:min-value 19.290, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:repeat 19.302, form:spin-button 19.306, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:date&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:time&gt; element defines a control for inputting time data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:time&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:max-value 19.289, form:min-value 19.290, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:repeat 19.302, form:spin-button 19.306, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:time&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; element defines a control which attaches additional information to controls, or displays information. Only one label may be associated with a control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:disabled 19.268, form:for 19.275, form:id 19.276, form:label 19.282, form:multi-line 19.292, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:title 19.313, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:combobox&gt; element defines a control which allows displaying and editing of text, and contains a list of possible values for that text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:combobox&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:combobox&gt; element has the following attributes: form:auto-complete 19.252, form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:dropdown 19.269, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:list-source 19.285, form:list-source-type 19.286, form:max-length 19.288, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:size 19.304, form:source-cell-range 19.305, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:combobox&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:item&gt; 13.5.12, &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:item&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:item&gt; element defines a list item for a &lt;form:combobox&gt; control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:item&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:item&gt; element has the following attribute: form:label 19.282.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:item&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:item&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:listbox&gt; element defines an input control that allows a user to select one or more items from a list. It is an alternative representation for a group of radio buttons.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:listbox&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:listbox&gt; element has the following attributes: form:bound-column 19.254, form:control-implementation 19.258, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:dropdown 19.269, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:list-linkage-type 19.284, form:list-source 19.285, form:list-source-type 19.286, form:multiple 19.293, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:size 19.304, form:source-cell-range 19.305, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:xforms-list-source 19.318, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:listbox&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14, &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:option&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:option&gt; element defines a list item for a &lt;form:listbox&gt; control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:option&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:option&gt; element has the following attributes: form:current-selected 19.260, form:label 19.282, form:selected 19.303 and form:value 19.316.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:option&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:option&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:button&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:button&gt; element defines a button control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:button&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:button&gt; element has the following attributes: form:button-type 19.255, form:control-implementation 19.258, form:default-button 19.265, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:focus-on-click 19.274, form:id 19.276, form:image-align 19.278, form:image-data 19.279, form:image-position 19.280, form:label 19.282, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:repeat 19.302, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:toggle 19.314, form:value 19.316, form:xforms-submission 19.319, office:target-frame 19.384, xforms:bind 19.910, xlink:href 19.916 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:button&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:image&gt; element defines a graphical button control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: HTML 4.01 only allows the button type to be “submit” for an image button. In OpenDocument, an image button can be of any type.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:image&gt; element has the following attributes: form:button-type 19.255, form:control-implementation 19.258, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:image-data 19.279, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, office:target-frame 19.384, xforms:bind 19.910, xlink:href 19.916 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:image&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:checkbox&gt; element defines an on/off control. The control is on when the value of the form:current-state attribute associated with the control element is checked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:checkbox&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:checkbox&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:current-state 19.261, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:image-align 19.278, form:image-position 19.280, form:is-tristate 19.281, form:label 19.282, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:state 19.307, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, form:visual-effect 19.317, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:checkbox&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:radio&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:radio&gt; element defines a control which acts like a check box except that when multiple radio buttons belong to the same group they are mutually exclusive. When one button is on, all of the other buttons with the same name are off. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Radio buttons are defined to belong to the same group if they have the same control name, as specified by their form:name attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a group of radio buttons is bound to one database field, and a user selects any given button, the reference value of the selected radio button is written into its database field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:radio&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:radio&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:current-selected 19.260, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:image-align 19.278, form:image-position 19.280, form:label 19.282, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:selected 19.303, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, form:visual-effect 19.317, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:radio&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:frame&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:frame&gt; element defines a frame in which controls may be visually arranged.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:frame&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:frame&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:disabled 19.268, form:for 19.275, form:id 19.276, form:label 19.282, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:title 19.313, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:frame&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:image-frame&gt; element defines a graphical control. The control displays an image, whose location is described in the control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:image-frame&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:image-frame&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:image-data 19.279, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:title 19.313, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:image-frame&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:hidden&gt; element defines a control that does not have a visual representation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: A control without visual representation can be used for information not displayed to the user but is submitted as part of a form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:hidden&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:hidden&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:id 19.276, form:name 19.294, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:hidden&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:grid&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:grid&gt; element defines a control that displays table data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Each column in the grid is specified by a &lt;form:column&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:grid&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:grid&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:grid&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23, &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
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<h3>&lt;form:column&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;form:column&gt; element defines a column in a grid control.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:column&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:label 19.282, form:name 19.294 and form:text-style-name 19.312.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:column&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
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<h3>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;form:value-range&gt; element defines a control which allows the user to select a value from a number range.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:value-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:value-range&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-value 19.289, form:min-value 19.290, form:name 19.294, form:orientation 19.297, form:page-step-size 19.298, form:printable 19.299, form:repeat 19.302, form:step-size 19.308, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:value-range&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
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<h3>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;form:generic-control&gt; element defines an implementation-defined placeholder for a generic control. The generic control can contain any properties and any events.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:generic-control&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:generic-control&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:id 19.276, form:name 19.294, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:generic-control&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
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<h2>Event Listeners</h2>
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<p>Forms and form controls may have event listeners attached. The event listeners that are attached to a control are represented by an event listener element as described in section 14.5. This element is contained within form or form control elements.</p>
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<p>Section 19.433 contains guidelines for event names that may be used within forms and form controls. In addition to those, the events listed in Table 9 may be used in forms and form controls.</p>
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<p>Table 9 - Form control event names</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Value of script:event-name Attribute</p></th><th><p>Applies To</p></th><th><p>Description of Event</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>form:approveaction</p></td><td><p>Button or image.</p></td><td><p>Occurs before an “on perform action” event takes place. Allows a user to veto an action.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:performaction</p></td><td><p>Button or image.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the control action is to be performed. The common interpretation of this event is “pressing the button”.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:textchange</p></td><td><p>All controls that allow text input.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a user changes the text in a control.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:itemstatechange</p></td><td><p>Check box or radio button.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the state of a check box or radio button changes.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:mousedrag</p></td><td><p>All controls.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a user presses and holds one of the mouse buttons and moves the mouse pointer onto a control.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:approvereset</p></td><td><p>same objects as for form:on-reset</p></td><td><p>Occurs before an “on-reset” event takes place. Allows a user to veto a reset event.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:approveupdate</p></td><td><p>All controls that can be bound to a database field, that is controls that contain the data-field attribute.</p></td><td><p>Occurs before an “on update” event takes place. Allows a user to veto an update.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:update</p></td><td><p>All controls that can be bound to a database field, that is controls that contain the data-field attribute.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the content of a control that is bound to a database field is committed.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:load</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form establishes a connection to the data source.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:startreload</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form is about to refresh a data source connection.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:reload</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form has refreshed a data source connection.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:startunload</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form is about to drop a data source connection.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:unload</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form has dropped a data source connection.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:confirmdelete</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a user is about to delete a record.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:approverowchange</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs before an “on row change” event takes place. Allows a user to veto a change.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:rowchange</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs after changes to a row are complete.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:approvecursormove</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs before a form is moved to another row. Allows a user to veto a move.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:cursormove</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs after a form is moved to another row.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:supplyparameter</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form asks for parameters to connect to a data source.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:error</p></td><td><p>Forms, combo boxes and list boxes.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a database-related error occurs.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>form:adjust</p></td><td><p>Value Range</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the value of a Value Range element has been adjusted.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2>&lt;form:properties&gt;</h2>
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<p>The &lt;form:properties&gt; element is a container for &lt;form:property&gt; and &lt;form:list-property&gt; elements.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:properties&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:list-property&gt; 13.9 and &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8.</p>
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<h2>&lt;form:property&gt;</h2>
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<p>The &lt;form:property&gt; element defines the name, type and value of a property.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:property&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:property&gt; element has the following attributes: form:property-name 19.300, office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:property&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
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<h2>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</h2>
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<p>The &lt;form:list-property&gt; element container for &lt;form:list-value&gt; elements. </p>
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<p>The &lt;form:list-property&gt; element has an office:value-type attribute (19.389) that acts as a constraint on the attributes that may appear on its child &lt;form:list-value&gt; element.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:list-property&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:list-property&gt; element has the following attributes: form:property-name 19.300, office:value-type 19.389.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:list-property&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10.</p>
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<h2>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The list value element contains value attributes for the value type given in the containing &lt;form:list-property&gt; element. </p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:list-value&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:list-property&gt; 13.9.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;form:list-value&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388.</p>
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<p>The &lt;form:list-value&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
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<h1>Common Content</h1>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h2>
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<p>The &lt;office:annotation&gt; element specifies an OpenDocument annotation. The annotation&#039;s text is contained in &lt;text:p&gt; and &lt;text:list&gt; elements.</p>
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<p>The &lt;office:annotation&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;office:annotation&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-point-x 19.116, draw:caption-point-y 19.117, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:corner-radius 19.127, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, office:display 19.378, office:name 19.380, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
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<p>The &lt;office:annotation&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dc:creator&gt; 4.3.2.7, &lt;dc:date&gt; 4.3.2.10, &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; 14.4, &lt;meta:date-string&gt; 14.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
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<h2>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</h2>
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<p>The &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element may be used to define the end of a text range of document content that spans element boundaries. In that case, an &lt;office:annotation&gt; element shall precede the &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element. Both elements shall have the same value for their office:name attribute.</p>
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<p>The &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element shall be preceded by an &lt;office:annotation&gt; element that has the same value for its office:name attribute as the &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element.</p>
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<p>An &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element without a preceding &lt;office:annotation&gt; element that has the same name assigned is ignored.</p>
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<p>The &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
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<p>The &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element has the following attribute: office:name 19.380.</p>
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<p>The &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
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<h2>&lt;meta:date-string&gt;</h2>
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<p>The &lt;meta:date-string&gt; element contains a date that is of type string and not a date type. This value is used only for display as entered. </p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:date-string&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
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<p>The &lt;meta:date-string&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
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<p>The &lt;meta:date-string&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
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<p>The &lt;meta:date-string&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt;</h2>
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<p>The &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; element represents the initials of the author of the annotation represented by the parent &lt;office:annotation&gt; element.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
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<p>The &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
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<p>The &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
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<p>The &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; element has character data content.</p>
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<h2>Event Listener Tables</h2>
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<h3>General</h3>
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<p>Controls, images, text boxes, or an entire document can support events. An event binds the occurrence of a condition to an action that is executed if the condition arises.</p>
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<p>Events are represented as follows:</p>
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<ul><li>All of the event elements that are associated with an object are located in an &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element.</li><li>Each event-to-action association is recorded in one child element.</li><li>Depending on the type of action that the event triggers, the following child elements are used:<ul><li>The &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2 element represents events that are bound to a macro or script.</li><li>The &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2 element represents events that are bound to an action that is specific to a presentation.</li></ul></li></ul>
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<h3>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</h3>
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<p>The &lt;script:event-listener&gt; element binds an event to a macro.</p>
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<p>The &lt;script:event-listener&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
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<p>The &lt;script:event-listener&gt; element has the following attributes: script:event-name 19.433, script:language 19.434, script:macro-name 19.435, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
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<p>The &lt;script:event-listener&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
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<h3>Event Types</h3>
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<p>Event types are implementation-defined. See 19.433.</p>
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<h3>Macro Name and Location</h3>
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<p>Macro code for an event may be specified by either an xlink:href 19.916 attribute as an IRI, or a script:macro-name 19.435 attribute by name. Macro names and applicable IRI schemes are script-language-dependent. </p>
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<h2>&lt;math:math&gt;</h2>
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<p>The &lt;math:math&gt; element serves as a container for content defined by the MathML 2.0 standard. See [MathML].</p>
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<p>The &lt;math:math&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2.</p>
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<h2>DDE Connections</h2>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) connection consists of parameters for a DDE target application, a file name, and a command string. A DDE connection also takes a parameter that specifies whether it will be updated automatically or only on the user&#039;s request. Every DDE connection shall be named.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All elements making use of DDE connections shall contain their content (or its presentation), so that documents using DDE can still be properly displayed on machines which do not support the DDE mechanism, or where the DDE target is not available. Consumers should preserve the DDE connection information even if they cannot make use of it.</p>
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<p>Note: DDE only is available on some operating systems. In order to create portable documents, authors are advised to use this feature in their documents with great care.</p>
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<h3>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; element is a container element for &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; elements in text documents.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; element defines a DDE connection for use in DDE text fields. Multiple DDE fields can refer to one DDE connection by using the same name.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; element has the following attributes: office:automatic-update 19.370, office:dde-application 19.375, office:dde-item 19.376, office:dde-topic 19.377 and office:name 19.380.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dde-link&gt; element contains DDE source data for use in spreadsheet formulas. It contains a &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element and a simple table element that may be used to cache the data of a DDE source. The table does not need a name and does not contain style information. Only the data contained in the cell attributes is used. The cells themselves remain empty.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dde-link&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dde-link&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:dde-link&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element defines a DDE connection. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the element is a child element of a &lt;table:table&gt; element, the &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element specifies that the table is linked through DDE along the connection data. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the element is a child element of a &lt;text:section&gt; element, the &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element specifies that the text section is linked through DDE along the connection data. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the element is a child element of a &lt;table:dde-link&gt; element, the &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element specifies the connection data for a DDE link that can be used in spreadsheet formulas. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:dde-link&gt; 14.7.4, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element has the following attributes: office:automatic-update 19.370, office:conversion-mode 19.372, office:dde-application 19.375, office:dde-item 19.376, office:dde-topic 19.377 and office:name 19.380.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>SMIL Animations</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This section specifies [SMIL20] based elements and attributes that can be used within the OpenDocument format for animation effects.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Basic Animation Elements</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The animation elements are based upon §3.5 and §12.5 of [SMIL20], and section §19.2 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> See §3.5.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animate&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animate&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:formula 19.6, anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:attributeName 19.439, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:by 19.442, smil:calcMode 19.443, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:from 19.452, smil:keySplines 19.453, smil:keyTimes 19.454, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461, smil:to 19.462 and smil:values 19.464.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animate&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; element defines the transformation of an animation. It is based on the [SVG] &lt;svg:animateTransform&gt; element. See §19.2.14 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:formula 19.6, anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:attributeName 19.439, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:by 19.442, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:from 19.452, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461, smil:to 19.462, smil:values 19.464 and svg:type 19.565.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:set&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.5.2 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:set&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:attributeName 19.439, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461 and smil:to 19.462.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:set&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> See §19.2.12 of [SVG] and §3.5.3 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:formula 19.6, anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:attributeName 19.439, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:by 19.442, smil:calcMode 19.443, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:from 19.452, smil:keySplines 19.453, smil:keyTimes 19.454, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461, smil:to 19.462, smil:values 19.464, svg:origin 19.548 and svg:path 19.552.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.5.4 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:color-interpolation 19.2, anim:color-interpolation-direction 19.3, anim:formula 19.6, anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:attributeName 19.439, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:by 19.442, smil:calcMode 19.443, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:from 19.452, smil:keySplines 19.453, smil:keyTimes 19.454, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461, smil:to 19.462 and smil:values 19.464.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; element is based on the [SMIL20] &lt;smil:transitionFilter&gt; element. See §12.5.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:formula 19.6, anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:by 19.442, smil:calcMode 19.443, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:direction 19.445, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fadeColor 19.449, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:from 19.452, smil:mode 19.455, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:subtype 19.460, smil:targetElement 19.461, smil:to 19.462, smil:type 19.463 and smil:values 19.464.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Animation Model Attributes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The animation model uses the same concepts and syntax as specified in §3 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Simple Animation Functions</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Simplified animations can be specified using the [SMIL20] smil:from, smil:to and smil:by attributes. See §3.4.4 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Animation Timing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Animation timing uses the same concepts and syntax as specified in §10 and §11 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:par&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:par&gt; element is a container of child animation nodes that have a common starting point.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:par&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:par&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:id 19.7, presentation:group-id 19.401, presentation:master-element 19.402, presentation:node-type 19.406, presentation:preset-class 19.414, presentation:preset-id 19.415, presentation:preset-sub-type 19.416, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:endsync 19.448, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:par&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:seq&gt; element is a container for child animation nodes that start in a sequential fashion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:seq&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:seq&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:id 19.7, presentation:group-id 19.401, presentation:master-element 19.402, presentation:node-type 19.406, presentation:preset-class 19.414, presentation:preset-id 19.415, presentation:preset-sub-type 19.416, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:endsync 19.448, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:seq&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element defines a parallel time container. The animation effects are applied to the child objects of the target element. The effects for each child object are started one after another, where the delay between the start of the effects of two subsequent children is specified by the anim:iterate-interval attribute. 19.8</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:id 19.7, anim:iterate-interval 19.8, anim:iterate-type 19.9, anim:sub-item 19.11, presentation:group-id 19.401, presentation:master-element 19.402, presentation:node-type 19.406, presentation:preset-class 19.414, presentation:preset-id 19.415, presentation:preset-sub-type 19.416, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:endsync 19.448, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:audio&gt; element is based on the [SMIL20] &lt;smil:audio&gt; element. It specifies the playback of audio streams during an animation. See §7.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:audio&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:audio&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:audio-level 19.4, anim:id 19.7, presentation:group-id 19.401, presentation:master-element 19.402, presentation:node-type 19.406, presentation:preset-class 19.414, presentation:preset-id 19.415, presentation:preset-sub-type 19.416, smil:begin 19.441, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, xlink:href 19.916 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:audio&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Animation Command Elements</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:command&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:command&gt; element specifies an animation command. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: See 19.5 for details about the element&#039;s usage in presentation documents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:command&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:command&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:command 19.5, anim:id 19.7, anim:sub-item 19.11, presentation:group-id 19.401, presentation:master-element 19.402, presentation:node-type 19.406, presentation:preset-class 19.414, presentation:preset-id 19.415, presentation:preset-sub-type 19.416, smil:begin 19.441, smil:end 19.447, smil:targetElement 19.461 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:command&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;anim:param&gt; 15.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:param&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:param&gt; element specifies a parameter for an &lt;anim:command&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:param&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:param&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:name 19.10 and anim:value 19.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;anim:param&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Styles</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Objects in an office document may have formatting properties. A formatting property influences the visual representation of an object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument format, formatting properties are stored in styles. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are two reasons for using styles to store formatting properties:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Format information is separated from document content.</li><li>Styles enable consistent formatting and changing of formatting for objects subject to styles. </li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Styles and font face declarations are referenced by their style:name attribute. A referenced style or font face declaration should be defined in the same file as the reference, or in styles.xml. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:style&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:style&gt; element represents styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Styles defined by the &lt;style:style&gt; element use a hierarchical style model. The &lt;style:style&gt; element supports inheritance of formatting properties by a style from its parent style. A parent style is specified by the style:parent-style-name attribute on a &lt;style:style&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The determination of the value of a formatting property begins with any style that is specified by an element. If the formatting property is present in that style, its value is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If that style does not specify a value for that formatting property and it has a parent style, the value of the formatting element is taken from the parent style, if present.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the parent style does not have a value for the formatting property, the search for the formatting property value continues up parent styles until either the formatting property has been found or a style is found with no parent style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a search of the parent styles of a style does not result in a value for a formatting property, the determination of its value depends on the style family and the element to which a style is applied.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For styles with family text which are applied to elements which are contained in another element that specifies a style with family text, the search continues within the text style that is applied to the nearest ancestor element that specifies a style with family text, and continues in its parent styles. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For styles with family text which are applied to elements which are contained in a paragraph element 6.1.1, the search continues within the paragraph style that is applied to the paragraph element, and continues in its parent styles. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For styles with family paragraph which are applied to paragraph elements which are contained in a drawing shape or a chart element, the search continues within the graphic, presentation or chart style that is applied to the drawing object or chart element, and continues in its parent styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For styles with family paragraph which are applied to paragraph elements which are contained in a table cell, the search continues within the table-cell style that is applied to the table-cell, and continues in its parent styles. If a value for the formatting property has not been found, the search continues as defined for styles with family table-cell. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For styles with family table-cell which are applied to a table cell, the search continues with the style specified by the table:default-cell-style-name attribute 19.619 of the table cell&#039;s &lt;table:table-row&gt; parent element, if present, and then with the style specified by the table:default-cell-style-name attribute of the &lt;table:table-column&gt; element associated with the table cell. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In all other cases, or if a value for the formatting property has not been found by any of the family specific rules, a default style 16.4 that has the same family as the style initially declared sets the value. If a value has not been found by these steps, but this specification defines a default value, then this default value is used. In all remaining cases an implementation-dependent value is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:style&gt; element has the following attributes: style:auto-update 19.467, style:class 19.470, style:data-style-name 19.473, style:default-outline-level 19.474, style:display-name 19.476, style:family 19.480, style:list-level 19.499, style:list-style-name 19.500, style:master-page-name 19.501, style:name 19.502, style:next-style-name 19.503, style:parent-style-name 19.510 and style:percentage-data-style-name 19.511.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22, &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25, &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; 17.10, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11, &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18, &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15, &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17, &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:map&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:map&gt; element represents a condition, which if met, results in the mapping of a style. A style that contains one or more mappings is called a conditional style. Each condition is represented by a unique &lt;style:map&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Conditional styles are supported by:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>paragraph styles contained in text documents</li><li>table cell styles contained in spreadsheets</li><li>data styles</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:map&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:map&gt; element has the following attributes: style:apply-style-name 19.466, style:base-cell-address 19.468 and style:condition 19.472.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:map&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:default-style&gt; element represents default styles. A default style specifies default formatting properties for a style family. These defaults are used if a formatting property is neither specified by an automatic nor a common style. Default styles exist for all style families that are represented by the &lt;style:style&gt; element specified by the style:family attribute 19.480.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An OpenDocument document should contain the default styles of the style families for which are used in common or automatic styles in the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:default-style&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:default-style&gt; element has the following attributes: style:family 19.480.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:default-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22, &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25, &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; 17.10, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11, &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18, &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15, &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17, &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout&gt; element represents the styles that specify the formatting properties of a page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout&gt; element has the following attributes: style:name 19.502 and style:page-usage 19.509.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:footer-style&gt; 16.7, &lt;style:header-style&gt; 16.6 and &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:header-style&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-style&gt; element specifies the formatting properties for a header element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; 16.8 and &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-style&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-style&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:footer-style&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-style&gt; element specifies the formatting properties for a footer element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; 16.8 and &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-style&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-style&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; element specifies default formatting properties for page layouts. These defaults are used if a formatting property is not specified in a &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5 element. The &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:footer-style&gt; 16.7, &lt;style:header-style&gt; 16.6 and &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In text and spreadsheet documents, the &lt;style:master-page&gt; element contains the content of headers and footers. For these types of documents, consumers may generate a sequence of pages by making use of a single master page or a set of master pages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In drawing and presentation documents, the &lt;style:master-page&gt; element is used to define master pages as common backgrounds for drawing pages. Each drawing page is directly linked to one master page, which is specified by the draw:master-page-name attribute of the &lt;draw:page&gt; element..</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Master pages are contained in the &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All documents shall contain at least one master page element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a text or spreadsheet document is displayed in a paged layout, master pages are used to generate a sequence of pages containing the document content. When a page is created, an empty page is generated with the properties of the master page and the static content of the master page. The body of the page is then filled with content. A single master page can be used to created multiple pages within a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In text and spreadsheet documents, a master page can be assigned to paragraph and table styles using a style:master-page-name attribute. Each time the paragraph or table style is applied to text, a page break is inserted before the paragraph or table. A page that starts at the page break position uses the specified master page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The OpenDocument paging methodology differs significantly from the methodology used in [XSL]. In XSL, headers and footers are contained within page sequences that also contain the document content. In the OpenDocument format, headers and footers are contained in page styles. With either approach, the content of headers and footers can be changed or omitted without affecting the document content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:master-page&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:master-page&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:style-name 19.219, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502, style:next-style-name 19.503 and style:page-layout-name 19.508.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:master-page&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4, &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; 10.2.2, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:header&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header&gt; element represents the content of a header in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-first&gt; element represents the content of a header for a first page, if different from the left/right page in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The term &quot;first page&quot; means the first page to which the page style is applied, regardless of any numbering. If a different page style is applied in between two applications of a page style that has the &lt;style:header-first&gt; element, each of the applications of the page style has its own first page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-first&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-first&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-first&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:footer&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer&gt; element represents the content of a footer in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-first&gt; element represents the content of a footer for a first page, if different from the left/right page in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The term &quot;first page&quot; means the first page to which the page style is applied, regardless of any numbering. If a different page style is applied in between two applications of the page style, that has the &lt;style:footer-first&gt; element, each of the applications of the page style has its own first page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-first&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-first&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-first&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-left&gt; element represents the content of a header for a left page, if different from the right page in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-left&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-left&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-left&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-left&gt; element represents the content of a footer for a left page, if different from the right page for a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-left&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-left&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footer-left&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-left&gt; element specifies a left-aligned portion of a header or footer. That region may contain a sequence of &lt;text:p&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-left&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-left&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-left&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-center&gt; element specifies a center-aligned portion of a header or footer. That region may contain a sequence of &lt;text:p&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-center&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-center&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-center&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-right&gt; element specifies a right-aligned portion of a header or footer. That region may contain a sequence of &lt;text:p&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-right&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-right&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:region-right&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:notes&gt; element defines a notes page. A notes page contains a preview of a drawing page and additional graphic shapes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:notes&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:notes&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:style-name 19.219, presentation:use-date-time-name 19.428, presentation:use-footer-name 19.429, presentation:use-header-name 19.430 and style:page-layout-name 19.508.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:notes&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;table:table-template&gt; element represents a set of references to table cell styles that specify the formatting to be used when creating a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If more than one table cell style reference is applicable to a cell, the first style that is applicable is chosen in the following order:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>First Column &lt;table:first-column&gt; 16.21.4</li><li>Last Column &lt;table:last-column&gt; 16.21.5</li><li>First Row &lt;table:first-row&gt; 16.21.2</li><li>Last Row &lt;table:last-row&gt; 16.21.3</li><li>Even rows &lt;table:even-rows&gt; 16.21.7, odd rows &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; 16.21.8 (Banded Rows)</li><li>Even columns &lt;table:even-columns&gt; 16.21.9, odd columns &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; 16.21.10 (Banded Columns)</li><li>Body &lt;table:body&gt; 16.21.6</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-template&gt; element has the following attributes: table:first-row-end-column 19.644, table:first-row-start-column 19.645, table:last-row-end-column 19.663, table:last-row-start-column 19.665 and table:name 19.677.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:table-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:background&gt; 16.22, &lt;table:body&gt; 16.21.6, &lt;table:even-columns&gt; 16.21.9, &lt;table:even-rows&gt; 16.21.7, &lt;table:first-column&gt; 16.21.4, &lt;table:first-row&gt; 16.21.2, &lt;table:last-column&gt; 16.21.5, &lt;table:last-row&gt; 16.21.3, &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; 16.21.10 and &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; 16.21.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Cell Styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The cell styles applied in a table are based on the position of cells in a table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:first-row&gt; element specifies a cell style that shall be applied to the first row of a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:first-row&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:first-row&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:first-row&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:last-row&gt; element specifies a cell style that shall be applied to the last row of a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:last-row&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:last-row&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:last-row&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:first-column&gt; element specifies a cell style that shall be applied to the first column in a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:first-column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:first-column&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:first-column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:last-column&gt; element specifies a cell style that shall be applied to the last column in a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:last-column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:last-column&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:last-column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:body&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:body&gt; element specifies styles for cells that are not governed by other specified styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:body&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:body&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:body&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:even-rows&gt; element specifies styles to be applied to even rows in a table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:even-rows&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:even-rows&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:even-rows&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; element specifies styles to be applied to odd rows in a table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:even-columns&gt; element specifies styles to be applied to even columns in a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:even-columns&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:even-columns&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:even-columns&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; element specifies styles to be applied to odd columns in a table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;table:background&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:background&gt; element specifies a table style that provides a background to a table that is visible if all or part of the table is transparent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:background&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:background&gt; element has the following attribute: table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;table:background&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:font-face&gt; element represents a font face declaration which documents the properties of a font used in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument font face declarations directly correspond to the @font-face font description of [CSS2] (see §15.3.1) and the &lt;font-face&gt; element of [SVG] (see §20.8.3).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument font face declarations may have an unique name. This name can be used inside styles (as an attribute of &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element) as value of the style:font-name attribute to select a font face declaration. If a font face declaration is referenced by name, the font-matching algorithms for selecting a font declaration based on the font-family, font-style, font-variant, font-weight and font-size descriptors are not used but the referenced font face declaration is used directly. (See §15.5 [CSS2])</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Consumers should implement the CSS2 font-matching algorithm with the OpenDocument font face extensions. They may implement variations of the CSS2 font-matching algorithm. They may implement a font-matching based only on the font face declarations, that is, a font-matching that is not applied to every character independently but only once for each font face declaration. (See §15.5 [CSS2])</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Font face declarations support the font descriptor attributes and elements described in §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:font-face&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; 3.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:font-face&gt; element has the following attributes: style:font-adornments 19.482, style:font-charset 19.483, style:font-family-generic 19.484, style:font-pitch 19.485, style:name 19.502, svg:accent-height 19.523, svg:alphabetic 19.524, svg:ascent 19.525, svg:bbox 19.526, svg:cap-height 19.527, svg:descent 19.531, svg:font-family 19.532, svg:font-size 19.533, svg:font-stretch 19.534, svg:font-style 19.535, svg:font-variant 19.536, svg:font-weight 19.537, svg:hanging 19.542, svg:ideographic 19.544, svg:mathematical 19.545, svg:overline-position 19.549, svg:overline-thickness 19.550, svg:panose-1 19.551, svg:slope 19.556, svg:stemh 19.558, svg:stemv 19.559, svg:strikethrough-position 19.562, svg:strikethrough-thickness 19.563, svg:underline-position 19.566, svg:underline-thickness 19.567, svg:unicode-range 19.568, svg:units-per-em 19.569, svg:v-alphabetic 19.570, svg:v-hanging 19.571, svg:v-ideographic 19.572, svg:v-mathematical 19.573, svg:widths 19.576 and svg:x-height 19.580.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:font-face&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27 and &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; 16.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;svg:font-face-src&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;svg:font-face-name&gt; 16.25 and &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;svg:font-face-name&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-name&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; 16.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-name&gt; element has the following attribute: svg:name 19.546.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-name&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See § 20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; 16.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; element has the following attributes: xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;svg:font-face-format&gt; 16.28.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See § 20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; element has the following attributes: xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;svg:font-face-format&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-format&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-format&gt; element has the following attribute: svg:string 19.564.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-format&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Data Styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Data styles specify the styles to be applied to defined data types for display.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Data styles shall not specify two &lt;number:text&gt; elements in sequence as part of a data style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Data styles shall specify at most one &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:number-style&gt; element is a container for elements that define a style for decimal numbers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Tab alignment should be supported in spreadsheets for interoperability (display) purposes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:number-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:number-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:number-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7, &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3, &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:number&gt; element specifies the display formatting properties for a decimal number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2 and &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:number&gt; element has the following attributes: number:decimal-places 19.343, number:decimal-replacement 19.344, number:display-factor 19.346, number:grouping 19.350, number:min-decimal-places 19.356 and number:min-integer-digits 19.355.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:number&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; 16.29.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:embedded-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; element specifies text that is displayed at one specific position within a number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; element has the following attribute: number:position 19.358.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element specifies a Unicode character that is displayed repeatedly at the position where the element occurs. The character specified is repeated as many times as possible, but the total resulting string shall not exceed the given cell content area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fill characters may not fill all the available space in a cell. The distribution of the remaining space is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; element specifies the display formatting properties for a number style that should be displayed in scientific format.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; element has the following attributes: number:decimal-places 19.343, number:exponent-interval 19.347, number:forced-exponent-sign 19.349, number:grouping 19.350, number:min-decimal-places 19.356, number:min-exponent-digits 19.354 and number:min-integer-digits 19.355.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:fraction&gt; element specifies the display formatting properties for a number style that should be displayed as a fraction.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:fraction&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:fraction&gt; element has the following attributes: number:denominator-value 19.345, number:grouping 19.350, number:max-denominator-value 19.352, number:min-denominator-digits 19.353, number:min-integer-digits 19.355 and number:min-numerator-digits 19.357.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:fraction&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:currency-style&gt; element specifies the style for currency values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:currency-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:currency-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:automatic-order 19.340, number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:currency-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; 16.29.9, &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element specifies whether a currency symbol is displayed in a currency style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The content of this element is the text that is displayed as the currency symbol. If the element is empty or contains white space characters only, the default currency symbol for the currency style or the language and country of the currency style is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360 and number:script 19.361.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; element specifies the style for percentage values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; element should have &lt;number:text&gt; child element whose character data contains a “%” (U+0025, PERCENT SIGN) character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:date-style&gt; element specifies a style for date values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:date-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:date-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:automatic-order 19.340, number:country 19.342, number:format-source 19.348, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:date-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:am-pm&gt; 16.29.23, &lt;number:day&gt; 16.29.12, &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; 16.29.16, &lt;number:era&gt; 16.29.15, &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:hours&gt; 16.29.20, &lt;number:minutes&gt; 16.29.21, &lt;number:month&gt; 16.29.13, &lt;number:quarter&gt; 16.29.18, &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; 16.29.17, &lt;number:year&gt; 16.29.14, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:day&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:day&gt; element specifies a day of a month in a date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:day&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:day&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:day&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:month&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:month&gt; element specifies a month in a date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:month&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:month&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341, number:possessive-form 19.359, number:style 19.362 and number:textual 19.363.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:month&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:year&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:year&gt; element specifies a year in a date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:year&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:year&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:year&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:era&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:era&gt; element specifies an era in which a year is counted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:era&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:era&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:era&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; element specifies a day of a week in a date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:week-of-year&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; element specifies a week of a year in a date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; element has the following attribute: number:calendar 19.341.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:quarter&gt; element specifies a quarter of a year in a date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:quarter&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:quarter&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:quarter&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:time-style&gt; element specifies a style for time values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This element can contain <em>one</em> instance of any of the following elements: &lt;number:hours&gt;, &lt;number:minutes&gt;, &lt;number:seconds&gt; and &lt;number:am-pm&gt;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:time-style&gt; element can also contain &lt;number:text&gt; elements, which display additional text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:time-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:time-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:format-source 19.348, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, number:truncate-on-overflow 19.369, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:time-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:am-pm&gt; 16.29.23, &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:hours&gt; 16.29.20, &lt;number:minutes&gt; 16.29.21, &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:hours&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:hours&gt; element specifies whether hours are displayed as part of a date or time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:hours&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:hours&gt; element has the following attribute: number:style 19.362.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:hours&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:minutes&gt; element specifies whether minutes are displayed as part of a date or time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:minutes&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:minutes&gt; element has the following attribute: number:style 19.362.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:minutes&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:seconds&gt; element specifies whether seconds are displayed as part of a date or time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:seconds&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:seconds&gt; element has the following attributes: number:decimal-places 19.343 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:seconds&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:am-pm&gt; element specifies whether AM/PM is included as part of a date or time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a &lt;number:am-pm&gt; element is contained in a date or time style, hours are displayed using values from 1 to 12 only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:am-pm&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:am-pm&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:am-pm&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; element defines a style for Boolean values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:boolean&gt; 16.29.25, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:boolean&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:boolean&gt; element marks the position of the Boolean value of a Boolean style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:boolean&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:boolean&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:boolean&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text-style&gt; element defines a style for displaying text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It can also contain &lt;number:text&gt; elements, which display additional text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;number:text-content&gt; 16.29.28, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text&gt; element contains any fixed text for a data style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:text-content&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text-content&gt; element marks the position of variable text content of a text style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text-content&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text-content&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;number:text-content&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19, &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4, &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2, &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:color 20.187, fo:country 20.188, fo:font-family 20.189, fo:font-size 20.190, fo:font-style 20.191, fo:font-variant 20.192, fo:font-weight 20.193, fo:hyphenate 20.195, fo:hyphenation-push-char-count 20.198, fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count 20.199, fo:language 20.202, fo:letter-spacing 20.203, fo:script 20.222, fo:text-shadow 20.226, fo:text-transform 20.227, style:country-asian 20.256, style:country-complex 20.257, style:font-charset 20.268, style:font-charset-asian 20.269, style:font-charset-complex 20.270, style:font-family-asian 20.271, style:font-family-complex 20.272, style:font-family-generic 20.273, style:font-family-generic-asian 20.274, style:font-family-generic-complex 20.275, style:font-name 20.277, style:font-name-asian 20.278, style:font-name-complex 20.279, style:font-pitch 20.280, style:font-pitch-asian 20.281, style:font-pitch-complex 20.282, style:font-relief 20.283, style:font-size-asian 20.284, style:font-size-complex 20.285, style:font-size-rel 20.286, style:font-size-rel-asian 20.287, style:font-size-rel-complex 20.288, style:font-style-asian 20.289, style:font-style-complex 20.290, style:font-style-name 20.291, style:font-style-name-asian 20.292, style:font-style-name-complex 20.293, style:font-weight-asian 20.294, style:font-weight-complex 20.295, style:language-asian 20.302, style:language-complex 20.303, style:letter-kerning 20.316, style:rfc-language-tag 20.343, style:rfc-language-tag-asian 20.344, style:rfc-language-tag-complex 20.345, style:script-asian 20.356, style:script-complex 20.357, style:script-type 20.358, style:text-blinking 20.366, style:text-combine 20.367, style:text-combine-end-char 20.369, style:text-combine-start-char 20.368, style:text-emphasize 20.370, style:text-line-through-color 20.371, style:text-line-through-mode 20.372, style:text-line-through-style 20.373, style:text-line-through-text 20.374, style:text-line-through-text-style 20.375, style:text-line-through-type 20.376, style:text-line-through-width 20.377, style:text-outline 20.378, style:text-overline-color 20.379, style:text-overline-mode 20.380, style:text-overline-style 20.381, style:text-overline-type 20.382, style:text-overline-width 20.383, style:text-position 20.384, style:text-rotation-angle 20.385, style:text-rotation-scale 20.386, style:text-scale 20.387, style:text-underline-color 20.388, style:text-underline-mode 20.389, style:text-underline-style 20.390, style:text-underline-type 20.391, style:text-underline-width 20.392, style:use-window-font-color 20.395, text:condition 20.426, text:display 20.427.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Text Content Style Families</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Text Styles</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Text styles are represented by &lt;style:style&gt; elements whose style:family attribute has the value text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Paragraph Styles</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Paragraph styles are represented by &lt;style:style&gt; elements whose style:family attribute has the value paragraph. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to paragraph properties, paragraph styles may define text properties. These are applied to the character content of the paragraph unless they are overwritten by a text style that is specified by any of the descendant elements of the paragraph element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Section Styles</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Section styles are represented by &lt;style:style&gt; elements whose style:family attribute has the value section. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Ruby Styles</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ruby styles are represented by &lt;style:style&gt; elements whose style:family attribute has the value ruby. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Enhanced Text Styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; element specifies line numbering within the &lt;office:styles&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, text:count-empty-lines 19.788, text:count-in-text-boxes 19.789, text:increment 19.814, text:number-lines 19.845, text:number-position 19.846, text:offset 19.848, text:restart-on-page 19.864 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; 16.31.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; element contains the text that is displayed as a separator. A separator is text that is displayed instead of a line number for lines where no number is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; element has the following attribute: text:increment 19.814.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; element specifies values for each note class used in a document. If there is no note configuration element, an implementation-defined default note configuration is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2 and &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, style:num-prefix 19.506, style:num-suffix 19.507, text:citation-body-style-name 19.773, text:citation-style-name 19.774, text:default-style-name 19.800, text:footnotes-position 19.810, text:master-page-name 19.839, text:note-class 19.843, text:start-numbering-at 19.875 and text:start-value 19.874.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; 16.31.5 and &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; 16.31.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; elements specifies the text that is displayed at the end of a footnote that is continued on the next page</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; elements specifies the text that is displayed before continued text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; element specifies how bibliography entries are displayed in-line, and how they are displayed in a bibliography index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:country 19.234, fo:language 19.236, fo:script 19.242, style:rfc-language-tag 19.516, text:numbered-entries 19.847, text:prefix 19.854, text:sort-algorithm 19.871, text:sort-by-position 19.873 and text:suffix 19.882.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:sort-key&gt; 16.31.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:sort-key&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sort-key&gt; element specifies a single sort key if bibliography entries are not displayed in document order.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sort-key&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sort-key&gt; element has the following attributes: text:key 19.826 and text:sort-ascending 19.872.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:sort-key&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-style&gt; element contains a set of style elements for each list level, which are called <em>list level styles</em>. There are three different list level style elements, depending on whether a list level is to have a list label containing the list numbering, a bullet, or an image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a list style is applied to a list but does not contain a list level specification for a specific level, the list level style of the next lower level is used. If no specific list level style has been defined, an implementation-dependent default style is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Including a list style element in a graphic style has the same semantics as adding a style:list-style-name attribute ( 19.500) to the style that references a list style that is declared outside a graphic style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The inclusion of a list style element is needed in cases where a common graphic style should be associated with an automatic list style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>List styles contained in graphic styles can be referenced by other graphic styles using the style:list-style-name attribute. Their names are not displayed in the user interface, even if the graphic style that contains it is a common style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3, &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-style&gt; element has the following attributes: style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and text:consecutive-numbering 19.784.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35 and &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; element specifies a list style where list items are preceded by bullets.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-prefix 19.506, style:num-suffix 19.507, text:bullet-char 19.765, text:bullet-relative-size 19.766, text:level 19.834 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; specifies a list style where list items are preceded by numbers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, style:num-prefix 19.506, style:num-suffix 19.507, text:display-levels 19.803, text:level 19.834, text:start-value 19.874 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; specifies a list style where list items are preceded by images. This element can be the target of a link [XLink] and can only be contained in list style elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; element has the following attributes: text:level 19.834, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:binary-data&gt; 10.4.5 and &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:outline-style&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:outline-style&gt; element contains the elements that specify a style for each outline level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An outline style is a list style that is applied to all headings within a text document where the heading&#039;s paragraph style does not define a list style to use itself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:outline-style&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:outline-style&gt; element has the following attribute: style:name 19.502.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:outline-style&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element specifies a style for the specified level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:outline-style&gt; 16.36.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, style:num-prefix 19.506, style:num-suffix 19.507, text:display-levels 19.803, text:level 19.834, text:start-value 19.874 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Table Styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Table Styles</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Table Column Styles</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table column styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family table-column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Table Row Styles</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table row styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family table-row. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Table Cell Styles</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table cell styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to table cell properties, table cell styles may define paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained in a table cell unless they are overwritten by paragraph styles that are specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Graphic Styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Graphic styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family graphic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to graphic properties, graphic styles may define paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained in drawing objects unless they are overwritten by paragraph styles that are specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Presentation Styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Presentation styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family presentation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to graphic properties, presentation styles may define paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained in drawing objects unless they are overwritten by paragraph styles that are specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Drawing Page Style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A drawing page style is a &lt;style:style&gt; element with family drawing-page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Drawing page styles can be used to change the background of a page. If a background is set with the help of a drawing page style, it overrides the background of the master page that is assigned to the page, but not the shapes that are on the master page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Within presentation documents, the drawing page style may contain presentation formatting properties.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Enhanced Graphic Style Elements</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element defines a gradient for filling a drawing object. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:angle 19.112, draw:border 19.114, draw:cx 19.129, draw:cy 19.130, draw:display-name 19.133, draw:end-color 19.141, draw:end-intensity 19.143, draw:name 19.197, draw:start-color 19.214, draw:start-intensity 19.216 and draw:style 19.218.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; element as specified in §13.2 of [SVG] can be used in documents in OpenDocument format subject to the following rules:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The gradient shall have a name. It is specified by the draw:name attribute.</li><li>Only the svg:gradientTransform, svg:x1, svg:y1, svg:x2, svg:y2 and svg:spreadMethod attributes are evaluated.</li><li>The gradient shall be calculated as having a svg:gradientUnits attribute value of objectBoundingBox. </li><li>The only child element that is evaluated is &lt;svg:stop&gt;.</li><li>For &lt;svg:stop&gt;, only the svg:offset, svg:stop-color and svg:stop-opacity attributes are evaluated.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display-name 19.133, draw:name 19.197, svg:gradientTransform 19.540, svg:gradientUnits 19.541, svg:spreadMethod 19.557, svg:x1 19.578, svg:x2 19.579, svg:y1 19.582 and svg:y2 19.583.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;svg:stop&gt; 16.42.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; element as specified in §13.2 of [SVG] can be used in documents in OpenDocument format subject to the following rules:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The gradient shall have a name. It is specified by the draw:name attribute.</li><li>For &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;, only the svg:gradientTransform, svg:cx, svg:cy, svg:r, svg:fx, svg:fy and svg:spreadMethod attributes are evaluated.</li><li>The gradient shall be calculated as having a svg:gradientUnits attribute value of objectBoundingBox. </li><li>The only child element that is evaluated is &lt;svg:stop&gt;.</li><li>For &lt;svg:stop&gt;, only the svg:offset, svg:stop-color and svg:stop-opacity attributes are evaluated.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display-name 19.133, draw:name 19.197, svg:cx 19.528, svg:cy 19.529, svg:fx 19.538, svg:fy 19.539, svg:gradientTransform 19.540, svg:gradientUnits 19.541, svg:r 19.553 and svg:spreadMethod 19.557.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;svg:stop&gt; 16.42.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.2.4 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:stop&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 and &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:stop&gt; element has the following attributes: svg:offset 19.547, svg:stop-color 19.560 and svg:stop-opacity 19.561.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;svg:stop&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:hatch&gt; element defines a hatch for filling graphic objects. A hatch is a simple pattern of straight lines that is repeated in the fill area. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:hatch&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:hatch&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:color 19.122, draw:display-name 19.133, draw:distance 19.134, draw:name 19.197, draw:rotation 19.209 and draw:style 19.218.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:hatch&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; element either specifies a link to a bitmap resource or contains an image in the &lt;office:binary-data&gt; child element. Producers shall not write the &lt;office:binary-data&gt; child element if the document is represented as a package. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fill images are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display-name 19.133, draw:name 19.197, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:binary-data&gt; 10.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element specifies an opacity gradient for a graphic object. An opacity gradient interpolates opacity. Opacity gradients are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:angle 19.112, draw:border 19.114, draw:cx 19.129, draw:cy 19.130, draw:display-name 19.133, draw:end 19.139, draw:name 19.197, draw:start 19.212 and draw:style 19.218.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:marker&gt; element represents a marker, which is used to draw polygons at the start or end point of a stroke depending on whether it is referenced by a draw:marker-start 20.146 or draw:marker-end 20.143 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Marker geometry is defined by a svg:d attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The marker geometry can be imagined as an arrow whose vertex points upwards. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the marker is painted, its geometry is first mapped to the stroke start or end point as follows: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a marker is referenced by a draw:marker-start attribute, the marker geometry is scaled so that its width equals the width specified by draw:marker-start-width 20.148 attribute. If the marker is referenced by a draw:marker-end attribute, the marker geometry is scaled so that its width equals the width specified by draw:marker-end-width 20.145 attribute. The aspect ratio of the geometry is in both cases kept unchanged. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The geometry is horizontally centered. It is vertically positioned relative to an offset value which is specified by a draw:marker-start-center 20.147 attribute for markers referenced by a draw:marker-start attribute, and by the draw:marker-end-center 20.144 attribute for markers referenced by a draw:marker-end attribute. The attribute value true defines an offset of 0.5 and the attribute value false defines an offset of 0.3, which is also the default value. The offset specifies the marker&#039;s vertical position in a range from 0.0 to 1.0, where the value 0.0 means the geometry&#039;s bottom bound is aligned to the x=axis of the local coordinate system of the marker geometry, and where the value 1.0 means the top bound to be aligned to the X axis of the local coordinate system of the marker geometry. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a marker is referenced by a draw:marker-start attribute, the marker geometry is then rotated so that the y-axis is aligned with the direction of the stroke in the start/end point direction. It is painted to the stroke so that the origin of the coordinate system of the mapped marker geometry is positioned at the start point&#039;s position.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the marker is referenced by a draw:marker-end attribute, the marker geometry is then rotated so that the x-axis is aligned with the direction of the stroke in the end/start point direction. It is painted to the stroke so that the origin of the coordinate system of the mapped marker geometry is positioned at the end point&#039;s position.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Markers are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:marker&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:marker&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display-name 19.133, draw:name 19.197, svg:d 19.530 and svg:viewBox 19.574.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:marker&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element represents a dash style that can be used to render strokes of shapes. Dash styles are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display-name 19.133, draw:distance 19.134, draw:dots1 19.135, draw:dots1-length 19.136, draw:dots2 19.137, draw:dots2-length 19.138, draw:name 19.197 and draw:style 19.218.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; element is a container for &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; elements. These placeholders are used as templates for creating new presentation objects and to mark the size and position of an object if the presentation page layout of a drawing page is changed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; element has the following attributes: style:display-name 19.476 and style:name 19.502.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; element specifies a placeholder for presentation objects.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; 16.43.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:object 19.407, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Chart Styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Chart styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are two style inheritance models at work with chart styles. The first model, is standard style inheritance as described in &lt;style:style&gt;. 16.2 The second model is inheritance between elements representing parts of a chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If an attribute is not specified with a chart style on a &lt;chart:data-point&gt; element, the specification of that attribute on its parent &lt;chart:series&gt; element is used. If the attribute is not specified on the parent &lt;chart:series&gt; element, then the specification of that attribute on its ancestor &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element is used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Chart styles may define paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained in chart elements unless they are over-ridden by paragraph styles that are specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Formatting Properties Elements</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The elements described in this chapter, which are child elements of style elements defined in chapter 16, together with their attributes, define formatting properties.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; element acts as a container for attributes and elements that define a page layout.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; 16.8 and &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:border 20.183.2, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4, fo:border-right 20.183.5, fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:margin 20.205, fo:margin-bottom 20.206, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, fo:margin-top 20.209, fo:padding 20.217, fo:padding-bottom 20.218, fo:padding-left 20.219, fo:padding-right 20.220, fo:padding-top 20.221, fo:page-height 20.215, fo:page-width 20.216, style:border-line-width 20.248, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250, style:border-line-width-right 20.251, style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:first-page-number 20.266, style:footnote-max-height 20.296, style:layout-grid-base-height 20.304, style:layout-grid-base-width 20.305, style:layout-grid-color 20.306, style:layout-grid-display 20.307, style:layout-grid-lines 20.308, style:layout-grid-mode 20.309, style:layout-grid-print 20.310, style:layout-grid-ruby-below 20.311, style:layout-grid-ruby-height 20.312, style:layout-grid-snap-to 20.313, style:layout-grid-standard-mode 20.314, style:num-format 20.322, style:num-letter-sync 20.323, style:num-prefix 20.324, style:num-suffix 20.325, style:paper-tray-name 20.329, style:print 20.330, style:print-orientation 20.333, style:print-page-order 20.332, style:register-truth-ref-style-name 20.337, style:scale-to 20.352, style:scale-to-X 20.354, style:scale-to-Y 20.355, style:scale-to-pages 20.353, style:shadow 20.359, style:table-centering 20.363 and style:writing-mode 20.404.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12 and &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:background-image&gt; element specifies an image as a background.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the &lt;style:background-image&gt; element is empty and if there is no color specified by an fo:background-color element in the same formatting properties element, the background color is set to transparent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The fo:background-color property also sets a background attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:background-image&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11, &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15 and &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:background-image&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:opacity 19.202, style:filter-name 19.481, style:position 19.512, style:repeat 19.515, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:background-image&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:binary-data&gt; 10.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; element specifies the line that separates a footnote area from a body-text area on a page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; element has the following attributes: style:adjustment 19.465, style:color 19.471, style:distance-after-sep 19.479, style:distance-before-sep 19.478, style:line-style 19.497, style:rel-width 19.514 and style:width 19.522.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for both headers and footers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:footer-style&gt; 16.7 and &lt;style:header-style&gt; 16.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:border 20.183.2, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4, fo:border-right 20.183.5, fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:margin 20.205, fo:margin-bottom 20.206, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, fo:margin-top 20.209, fo:min-height 20.212, fo:padding 20.217, fo:padding-bottom 20.218, fo:padding-left 20.219, fo:padding-right 20.220, fo:padding-top 20.221, style:border-line-width 20.248, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250, style:border-line-width-right 20.251, style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:dynamic-spacing 20.264, style:shadow 20.359 and svg:height 20.407.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for paragraphs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:border 20.183.2, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4, fo:border-right 20.183.5, fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:break-after 20.184, fo:break-before 20.185, fo:hyphenation-keep 20.196, fo:hyphenation-ladder-count 20.197, fo:keep-together 20.200, fo:keep-with-next 20.201, fo:line-height 20.204, fo:margin 20.205, fo:margin-bottom 20.206, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, fo:margin-top 20.209, fo:orphans 20.214, fo:padding 20.217, fo:padding-bottom 20.218, fo:padding-left 20.219, fo:padding-right 20.220, fo:padding-top 20.221, fo:text-align 20.223, fo:text-align-last 20.224, fo:text-indent 20.225, fo:widows 20.228, style:auto-text-indent 20.246, style:background-transparency 20.247, style:border-line-width 20.248, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250, style:border-line-width-right 20.251, style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:contextual-spacing 20.255, style:font-independent-line-spacing 20.276, style:join-border 20.300, style:justify-single-word 20.301, style:line-break 20.315, style:line-height-at-least 20.317, style:line-spacing 20.318, style:page-number 20.328, style:punctuation-wrap 20.335, style:register-true 20.336, style:shadow 20.359, style:snap-to-layout-grid 20.361, style:tab-stop-distance 20.362, style:text-autospace 20.365, style:vertical-align 20.396, style:writing-mode 20.404, style:writing-mode-automatic 20.405, text:line-number 20.430 and text:number-lines 20.434.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; 17.9 and &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; 17.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element is a container for &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a style contains a &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element, it overrides the entire &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element of the parent style such that no &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; children are inherited; otherwise, the style inherits the entire &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element as specified in section 16.2 &lt;style:style&gt;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; element defines a tab stop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; 17.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; element has the following attributes: style:char 19.469, style:leader-color 19.488, style:leader-style 19.489, style:leader-text 19.490, style:leader-text-style 19.491, style:leader-type 19.492, style:leader-width 19.493, style:position 19.512, style:type 19.519.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; element specifies if the one or more characters at the start of a paragraph are to be displayed in a larger font and span multiple lines of text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; element has the following attributes: style:distance 19.477, style:length 19.496, style:lines 19.498 and style:style-name 19.518.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for ruby elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: style:ruby-align 20.349 and style:ruby-position 20.350.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:section-properties&gt; element specifies the formatting properties used by section styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:section-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:section-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, style:editable 20.265, style:protect 20.334, style:writing-mode 20.404 and text:dont-balance-text-columns 20.428.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:section-properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12 and &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:columns&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:columns&gt; element specifies the number and formatting of columns on a page or in a section or graphic. If it does not contain any child formatting properties elements, all columns are assigned the same width.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:columns&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2 and &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:columns&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:column-count 19.232 and fo:column-gap 19.233.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:columns&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13 and &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:column&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:column&gt; element specifies formatting properties for a column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:column&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:end-indent 19.235, fo:space-after 19.243, fo:space-before 19.244, fo:start-indent 19.245 and style:rel-width 19.514.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:column-sep&gt; element specifies a separator line between columns. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:column-sep&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:column-sep&gt; element has the following attributes: style:color 19.471, style:height 19.486, style:style 19.517, style:vertical-align 19.520 and style:width 19.522.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:column-sep&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for tables. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:break-after 20.184, fo:break-before 20.185, fo:keep-with-next 20.201, fo:margin 20.205, fo:margin-bottom 20.206, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, fo:margin-top 20.209, style:may-break-between-rows 20.319, style:page-number 20.328, style:rel-width 20.340, style:shadow 20.359, style:width 20.399, style:writing-mode 20.404, table:align 20.414, table:border-model 20.415, table:display 20.416 and table:tab-color 19.731.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for table columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:break-after 20.184, fo:break-before 20.185, style:column-width 20.254, style:rel-column-width 20.338 and style:use-optimal-column-width 20.393.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for table rows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:break-after 20.184, fo:break-before 20.185, fo:keep-together 20.200, style:min-row-height 20.320, style:row-height 20.348 and style:use-optimal-row-height 20.394.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for cells.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:border 20.183.2, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4, fo:border-right 20.183.5, fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:padding 20.217, fo:padding-bottom 20.218, fo:padding-left 20.219, fo:padding-right 20.220, fo:padding-top 20.221, fo:wrap-option 20.230, style:border-line-width 20.248, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250, style:border-line-width-right 20.251, style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:cell-protect 20.253, style:decimal-places 20.258, style:diagonal-bl-tr 20.259, style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths 20.260, style:diagonal-tl-br 20.261, style:diagonal-tl-br-widths 20.262, style:direction 20.263, style:glyph-orientation-vertical 20.297, style:print-content 20.331, style:repeat-content 20.342, style:rotation-align 20.346, style:rotation-angle 20.347, style:shadow 20.359, style:shrink-to-fit 20.360, style:text-align-source 20.364, style:vertical-align 20.396 and style:writing-mode 20.404.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for a list level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:height 20.194, fo:text-align 20.223, fo:width 20.229, style:font-name 20.277, style:vertical-pos 20.397, style:vertical-rel 20.398, svg:y 20.412, text:list-level-position-and-space-mode 20.431, text:min-label-distance 20.432, text:min-label-width 20.433 and text:space-before 20.435.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; element specifies the position and spacing of a list label and its list item.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The element will be evaluated only if the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute has the value label-alignment. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-indent and fo:margin-left attributes specify the indent and margin for the text lines of a list item. The text lines of a list item contain the list level properties specific content and the text of the paragraph inside the list item. The value fo:text-indent + fo:margin-left specifies the indent of the first text line of the list item. This position is also the alignment position for the list label, because the value of text:min-label-width is treated as 0. 19.246, 20.431</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-indent and fo:margin-left attributes are evaluated only for paragraphs inside list items whose paragraph styles do not specify them. If one of the two properties, or both, are specified by the paragraph style, the text indent and/or left margin are taken from the paragraph style. In this case the paragraph style&#039;s properties are used to determine the indent and margin for the text lines and thus also the alignment position.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:margin-left 19.237, fo:text-indent 19.246, text:label-followed-by 19.833 and text:list-tab-stop-position 19.836.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for chart, draw, graphic, and frame elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:ambient-color 20.74, dr3d:back-scale 20.75, dr3d:backface-culling 20.76, dr3d:close-back 20.77, dr3d:close-front 20.78, dr3d:depth 20.79, dr3d:diffuse-color 20.80, dr3d:edge-rounding 20.81, dr3d:edge-rounding-mode 20.82, dr3d:emissive-color 20.83, dr3d:end-angle 20.84, dr3d:horizontal-segments 20.85, dr3d:lighting-mode 20.86, dr3d:normals-direction 20.87, dr3d:normals-kind 20.88, dr3d:shadow 20.89, dr3d:shininess 20.90, dr3d:specular-color 20.91, dr3d:texture-filter 20.92, dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x 20.95, dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y 20.96, dr3d:texture-kind 20.93, dr3d:texture-mode 20.94, dr3d:vertical-segments 20.97, draw:auto-grow-height 20.98, draw:auto-grow-width 20.99, draw:blue 20.101, draw:caption-angle 20.102, draw:caption-angle-type 20.103, draw:caption-escape 20.104, draw:caption-escape-direction 20.105, draw:caption-fit-line-length 20.106, draw:caption-gap 20.107, draw:caption-line-length 20.108, draw:caption-type 20.109, draw:color-inversion 20.110, draw:color-mode 20.111, draw:contrast 20.112, draw:decimal-places 20.113, draw:draw-aspect 20.114, draw:end-guide 20.115, draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal 20.116, draw:end-line-spacing-vertical 20.117, draw:fill 20.118, draw:fill-color 20.119, draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120, draw:fill-hatch-name 20.121, draw:fill-hatch-solid 20.122, draw:fill-image-height 20.123, draw:fill-image-name 20.124, draw:fill-image-ref-point 20.125, draw:fill-image-ref-point-x 20.126, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y 20.127, draw:fill-image-width 20.128, draw:fit-to-contour 20.129, draw:fit-to-size 20.130, draw:frame-display-border 20.131, draw:frame-display-scrollbar 20.133, draw:frame-margin-horizontal 20.132, draw:frame-margin-vertical 20.134, draw:gamma 20.135, draw:gradient-step-count 20.137, draw:green 20.136, draw:guide-distance 20.138, draw:guide-overhang 20.139, draw:image-opacity 20.140, draw:line-distance 20.141, draw:luminance 20.142, draw:marker-end 20.143, draw:marker-end-center 20.144, draw:marker-end-width 20.145, draw:marker-start 20.146, draw:marker-start-center 20.147, draw:marker-start-width 20.148, draw:measure-align 20.149, draw:measure-vertical-align 20.150, draw:ole-draw-aspect 20.151, draw:opacity 20.152, draw:opacity-name 20.153, draw:parallel 20.154, draw:placing 20.155, draw:red 20.156, draw:secondary-fill-color 20.157, draw:shadow 20.158, draw:shadow-color 20.159, draw:shadow-offset-x 20.160, draw:shadow-offset-y 20.161, draw:shadow-opacity 20.162, draw:show-unit 20.163, draw:start-guide 20.164, draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal 20.165, draw:start-line-spacing-vertical 20.166, draw:stroke 20.167, draw:stroke-dash 20.168, draw:stroke-dash-names 20.169, draw:stroke-linejoin 20.170, draw:symbol-color 20.172, draw:textarea-horizontal-align 20.173, draw:textarea-vertical-align 20.174, draw:tile-repeat-offset 20.175, draw:unit 20.180, draw:visible-area-height 20.176, draw:visible-area-left 20.177, draw:visible-area-top 20.178, draw:visible-area-width 20.179, draw:wrap-influence-on-position 20.181, fo:background-color 20.182, fo:border 20.183.2, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4, fo:border-right 20.183.5, fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:clip 20.186, fo:margin 20.205, fo:margin-bottom 20.206, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, fo:margin-top 20.209, fo:max-height 20.210, fo:max-width 20.211, fo:min-height 20.212, fo:min-width 20.213, fo:padding 20.217, fo:padding-bottom 20.218, fo:padding-left 20.219, fo:padding-right 20.220, fo:padding-top 20.221, fo:wrap-option 20.230, style:background-transparency 20.247, style:border-line-width 20.248, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250, style:border-line-width-right 20.251, style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:editable 20.265, style:flow-with-text 20.267, style:horizontal-pos 20.298, style:horizontal-rel 20.299, style:mirror 20.321, style:number-wrapped-paragraphs 20.326, style:overflow-behavior 20.327, style:print-content 20.331, style:protect 20.334, style:rel-height 20.339, style:rel-width 20.340, style:repeat 20.341, style:run-through 20.351, style:shadow 20.359, style:shrink-to-fit 20.360, style:vertical-pos 20.397, style:vertical-rel 20.398, style:wrap 20.400, style:wrap-contour 20.401, style:wrap-contour-mode 20.402, style:wrap-dynamic-threshold 20.403, style:writing-mode 20.404, svg:fill-rule 20.406, svg:height 20.407, svg:stroke-color 20.408, svg:stroke-linecap 20.171, svg:stroke-opacity 20.409, svg:stroke-width 20.410, svg:width 20.413, svg:x 20.411, svg:y 20.412, text:anchor-page-number 20.417, text:anchor-type 20.418, text:animation 20.419, text:animation-delay 20.420, text:animation-direction 20.421, text:animation-repeat 20.422, text:animation-start-inside 20.423, text:animation-steps 20.424 and text:animation-stop-inside 20.425.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12 and &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for charts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:angle-offset 20.2, chart:auto-position 20.3, chart:auto-size 20.4, chart:axis-label-position 20.5, chart:axis-position 20.6, chart:connect-bars 20.7, chart:data-label-number 20.8, chart:data-label-series 20.9, chart:data-label-symbol 20.10, chart:data-label-text 20.11, chart:deep 20.12, chart:display-label 20.13, chart:error-category 20.14, chart:error-lower-indicator 20.15, chart:error-lower-limit 20.16, chart:error-lower-range 20.17, chart:error-margin 20.18, chart:error-percentage 20.19, chart:error-upper-indicator 20.20, chart:error-upper-limit 20.21, chart:error-upper-range 20.22, chart:gap-width 20.23, chart:group-bars-per-axis 20.24, chart:hole-size 20.25, chart:include-hidden-cells 20.26, chart:interpolation 20.27, chart:interval-major 20.28, chart:interval-minor-divisor 20.29, chart:japanese-candle-stick 20.30, chart:label-arrangement 20.31, chart:label-position 20.32, chart:label-position-negative 20.33, chart:lines 20.34, chart:link-data-style-to-source 20.35, chart:logarithmic 20.36, chart:maximum 20.37, chart:mean-value 20.38, chart:minimum 20.39, chart:origin 20.40, chart:overlap 20.41, chart:percentage 20.43, chart:pie-offset 20.42, chart:regression-force-intercept 20.44, chart:regression-intercept-value 20.45, chart:regression-max-degree 20.46, chart:regression-moving-type 20.47, chart:regression-name 20.48, chart:regression-period 20.49, chart:regression-type 20.50, chart:reverse-direction 20.51, chart:right-angled-axes 20.52, chart:scale-text 20.53, chart:series-source 20.54, chart:solid-type 20.56, chart:sort-by-x-values 20.55, chart:spline-order 20.57, chart:spline-resolution 20.58, chart:stacked 20.59, chart:symbol-height 20.60, chart:symbol-name 20.61, chart:symbol-type 20.62, chart:symbol-width 20.63, chart:text-overlap 20.64, chart:three-dimensional 20.65, chart:tick-mark-position 20.70, chart:tick-marks-major-inner 20.66, chart:tick-marks-major-outer 20.67, chart:tick-marks-minor-inner 20.68, chart:tick-marks-minor-outer 20.69, chart:treat-empty-cells 20.71, chart:vertical 20.72, chart:visible 20.73, style:direction 20.263, style:rotation-angle 20.347 and text:line-break 20.429.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; 17.24 and &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; 17.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; element specifies an image to be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This element should be used only together with a chart:symbol-type attribute and only when that attribute has the value image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; element has the following attribute: xlink:href 19.916.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;chart:label-separator&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; element specifies text that is used for separating different parts of a textual data label. These parts can be the value as number, the value as a percentage (20.8), and the label text (20.11).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; element is omitted, the default value is a space character “ “ (U+0020, SPACE).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This element should be used within chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:data-label&gt;, &lt;chart:data-point&gt;, &lt;chart:series&gt; or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a separator is not specified by this element in a chart style applied to a &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element, the separator specified with a chart style applied to a parent element is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; element specifies formatting that can be applied to a &lt;draw:page&gt; element, a &lt;presentation:notes&gt; element, a &lt;style:handout-master&gt; element, or a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:background-size 20.100, draw:fill 20.118, draw:fill-color 20.119, draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120, draw:fill-hatch-name 20.121, draw:fill-hatch-solid 20.122, draw:fill-image-height 20.123, draw:fill-image-name 20.124, draw:fill-image-ref-point 20.125, draw:fill-image-ref-point-x 20.126, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y 20.127, draw:fill-image-width 20.128, draw:gradient-step-count 20.137, draw:opacity 20.152, draw:opacity-name 20.153, draw:secondary-fill-color 20.157, draw:tile-repeat-offset 20.175, presentation:background-objects-visible 20.231, presentation:background-visible 20.232, presentation:display-date-time 20.233, presentation:display-footer 20.234, presentation:display-header 20.235, presentation:display-page-number 20.236, presentation:duration 20.237, presentation:transition-speed 20.238, presentation:transition-style 20.239, presentation:transition-type 20.240, presentation:visibility 20.241, smil:direction 20.242, smil:fadeColor 20.243, smil:subtype 20.244, smil:type 20.245, style:repeat 20.341 and svg:fill-rule 20.406.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Datatypes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of attributes and elements have datatypes. This specification defines datatypes for values of elements and attributes of OpenDocument documents. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This specification and the schema make reference to other specifications for some datatype definitions. Some datatypes introduced here may be specializations of other datatypes defined here or in other specifications. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>W3C Schema Datatypes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following [XMLSchema-2] datatypes are used in this specification:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>string</li><li>date</li><li>time</li><li>dateTime</li><li>decimal</li><li>duration</li><li>int </li><li>integer</li><li>nonNegativeInteger</li><li>positiveInteger</li><li>double</li><li>long</li><li>short</li><li>base64Binary</li><li>ID</li><li>IDREF</li><li>IDREFS</li><li>NCName</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Other Datatypes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>angle</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An angle, as defined in §4.1 of [SVG], is a double value that may be followed immediately by one of the following angle unit identifiers: deg (degrees), grad (gradiants) or rad (radians). If no unit identifier is specified, the value is assumed to be in degrees.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: OpenDocument v1.1 did not support angle specifications that contain an angle unit identifier.  Angle unit identifiers should be omitted for compatibility with OpenDocument v1.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>anyIRI </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An IRI-reference as defined in [RFC3987], expressed in an [XMLSchema-2] anyURI. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The procedure for resolution of anyIRI values that are not IRI values is undefined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>boolean</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A Boolean value may have either of the values true or false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>cellAddress</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A cell address as specified in 9.2.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>cellRangeAddress</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A cell range address as specified in 9.2.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>cellRangeAddressList</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A cell range address list as specified in 9.2.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>character</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A character value is a string with only one character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>clipShape</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A clip shape as defined in §7.20.1 of [XSL]. Offsets shall not be specified using the units em and px. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>color</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A RGB color in conformance with §5.9.11 of [XSL], that is a RGB color in notation “#rrggbb”, where rr, gg and bb are pairs of hexadecimal digits.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>coordinate</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A coordinate represents a length in a coordinate system. It specifies the distance from the origin of the coordinate system along the relevant axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>countryCode</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A country code is a value that conforms to ISO 3166 ([ISO3166-1], [ISO3166-2], [ISO3166-3], or their successors, and further parts). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §2.2.4 Region Subtag of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>CURIE</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A CURIE, as described in §7 of [RDFa].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>CURIEs</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A list of CURIEs, as described in §7 of [RDFa], separated by white spaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>dateOrDateTime</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A dateOrDateTime value is either an [XMLSchema-2] date value or an [XMLSchema-2] dateTime value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>distance</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The length between two points.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>language</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A language is a natural language identifier as defined by [RFC5646], or its successor. The lexical space is the same as the [XMLSchema-2] language data type.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note 1: The language datatype is the same as the [XMLSchema-2] language datatype, except that its value range is not restricted to values of [RFC3066], but follows the syntax of the xml:lang attribute. See §2.12 of [XML1.0].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>languageCode</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A language code is a value that conforms to ISO 639 ([ISO639-1], [ISO639-2], [ISO639-3] or their successors, and further parts). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §2.2.1 Primary Language Subtag of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>length</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A (positive or negative) length, consisting of magnitude and unit, in conformance with the Units of Measure defined in §5.9.13 of [XSL]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>namespacedToken</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A namespaced token is an [XMLSchema-2] QName that matches the definition of PrefixedName in §4 of [XML-Names].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>nonNegativeLength</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A measurement with a value that shall be zero or positive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>nonNegativePixelLength</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A non-negative measurement that shall have the unit px (pixels).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>pathData</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Path data as described in §8.3 of [SVG]. Attribute values of this data type shall match the BNF grammar for SVG path data in §8.3.9 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>percent</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(Positive or negative) percentage values in conformance with §5.9.11 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>point3D</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A 3D point. The syntax of a 3D point is the same as that for vector3D (18.3.40), except that each coordinate is shall be followed by a unit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>points</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A sequence of points. Each point consists of two integer coordinates separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). The points are separated by white space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>positiveLength</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A measurement with a value that shall be positive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>relativeLength</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A relative length is a positive integer, followed by a ”*” (U+002A, ASTERISK) character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>safeCURIE</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A safe CURIE, as described in §7 of [RDFa].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>scriptCode</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A script code conforming to [ISO15924], or its successors. See §2.2.3 Script Subtag of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>signedZeroToHundredPercent</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Percentage values in the range [-100%,100%] in conformance with §5.9.11 of [XSL]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>styleName</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A NCName as specified in [XMLSchema-2][XMLSchema-2] that is the name of a style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>styleNameRef</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A NCName as specified in [XMLSchema-2] that is the name of a referenced style, or an empty value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>styleNameRefs</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A white-space-separated list of NCNames as specified in [XMLSchema-2] that are the names of a style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>targetFrameName</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The name of a target frame in conformance with §6.16 of [HTML4].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>textEncoding</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of [XML1.0], or the value x-symbol. The value is x-symbol means that the character encoding is not enumerated by §4.3.3 of [XML1.0].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>timeOrDateTime</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A timeOrDateTime value is either an [XMLSchema-2] time or an [XMLSchema-2] dateTime value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>URIorSafeCURIE</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An IRI or a safe CURIE, as described in §7 of [RDFa].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>valueType</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A list of value types.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>variableName</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A string specifying the name of a variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>vector3D</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A 3-element vector that is represented by floating-point x, y, z coordinates. The format of a vector3D value is white space separated tokens in the order x, y, and z, and that expression starts with &quot;(&quot; (LEFT PARENTHESIS U+0028) and ends with &quot;)&quot; (RIGHT PARENTHESIS U+0029). If this value represents a normal, then it should be normalized.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>zeroToHundredPercent</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Percentage values in the range [0%,100%] in conformance with §5.9.11 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>General Attributes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Attributes for elements defined by OpenDocument are divided between those used by structural elements (19) versus those used by &lt;style:*-properties&gt; elements (20).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Attributes have <em>default values</em> defined by this standard. When any element appears in a document instance without such an attribute, consumers should behave as if the attribute is present with the defined default value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>anim:color-interpolation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:color-interpolation attribute specifies the color space that is used for color interpolation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the anim:color-interpolation attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>hsl: HSL (hue, saturation, lightness) color model.</li><li>rgb: RGB (red, green, blue) color model.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is rgb.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:color-interpolation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the anim:color-interpolation attribute are rgb or hsl.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>anim:color-interpolation-direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:color-interpolation-direction attribute specifies the direction that is used for color interpolation. This is only valid for the HSL color space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the anim:color-interpolation-direction attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>clockwise: color interpolation proceeds in a clockwise direction.</li><li>counterclockwise: color interpolation proceeds in a counterclockwise direction.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is clockwise.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:color-interpolation-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the anim:color-interpolation-direction attribute are clockwise or counter-clockwise.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>anim:audio-level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:audio-level attribute specifies the audio volume during a playback. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value range for the anim:audio-level attribute is a rational number between 0 (inaudible) and 1 (system volume), inclusive. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:audio-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:audio-level attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>anim:command</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:command attribute specifies an animation command.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the anim:command attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>custom: the command is user-defined.</li><li>verb: the command targets an embedded [OLE] object. 10.4.6.3. The parameter verb is the verb number executed on the embedded object.</li><li>play: the command targets a media shape and starts its playback. The parameter media-time defines the playback start time in seconds. If this parameter is not set, playback starts at the last position.</li><li>toggle-pause: the command targets a media shape and toggles its playback state from play to paused or from paused to play.</li><li>stop: the command targets a media shape and stops its playback.</li><li>stop-audio: the command has no target and stops all running audio playback.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the anim:command attribute is custom, then there shall be a &lt;anim:param&gt; 15.6.2 child element whose anim:name 19.10 attribute and anim:value 19.12 attribute values are user-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the anim:command attribute is verb, there shall be a &lt;anim:param&gt; child element whose anim:name attribute value is verb and whose anim:value attribute value contains the verb number. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the anim:command attribute is play, then there shall be a &lt;anim:param&gt; child element whose anim:name attribute value is play and whose anim:value attribute value contains a value expressed in seconds. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:command attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:command attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>anim:formula</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:formula attribute specifies a formula used in an animation function. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following is the minimum supported grammar:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>formula::= additive_expression</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>identifier::= &#039;$&#039; | &#039;pi&#039; | &#039;e&#039; | &#039;x&#039; | &#039;y&#039; | &#039;width&#039; | &#039;height&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>function::= &#039;abs&#039;|&#039;sqrt&#039;|&#039;sin&#039;|&#039;cos&#039;|&#039;tan&#039;|&#039;atan&#039;|&#039;acos&#039;|&#039;asin&#039;|&#039;exp&#039;|&#039;log&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>binary_function::= &#039;min&#039;|&#039;max&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>basic_expression::= number</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| identifier</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| unary_function S* &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| binary_function S* &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;,&#039; 	S*additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>unary_expression::= &#039;-&#039; S* basic_expression | basic_expression</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>multiplicative_expression::= unary_expression ( ( S* &#039;*&#039; S* unary_expression )</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| ( S* &#039;/&#039; S* unary_expression ) )*</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>additive_expression::= multiplicative_expression ( ( S* &#039;+&#039; S* multiplicative_expression )</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| ( S* &#039;-&#039; S* multiplicative_expression ) )*</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>number::= sign? integer | sign? Floating-point-constant</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>floating-point-constant::= fractional-constant exponent? | integer exponent</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>fractional-constant::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? Integer</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>sign::= &#039;+&#039; | &#039;-&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>integer::= [0-9]+</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>S::= (#x20 | #x9)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined identifiers for the anim:formula attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>&quot;$&quot; (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN): The identifier ”$” is replaced by a value between 0 and 1 (inclusive) that represents a proportional offset into an animation element&#039;s duration. </li><li>pi: The Pi constant. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the anim:formula attribute appears on a descendant element of &lt;office:presentation&gt;, it may use the following additional identifiers:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>e: the Euler constant.</li><li>x: the animated elements left edge in screen space where 0 is the left edge of the screen and 1 is the right edge.</li><li>y: the animated elements top edge in screen space, where 0 is the top edge of the screen and 1 is the bottom edge.</li><li>width: the animated elements width in screen space, where 0 is no width and 1 is the screen&#039;s width.</li><li>height: the animated elements height in screen space, where 0 is no height and 1 is the screen&#039;s height.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If an anim:formula attribute is given, it overrides the smil:values, smil:to, smil:from and smil:by attributes as specified in 15.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:formula attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:formula attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>anim:id (deprecated)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:id attribute specifies an identifier to an animation element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore an anim:id attribute if it occurs on an element with an xml:id attribute value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument producers may write anim:id attributes for elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> The value of an anim:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The anim:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
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<p>The anim:id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
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<p>The anim:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
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<h2>anim:iterate-interval</h2>
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<p>The anim:iterate-interval attribute specifies the time interval between effects that are children of &lt;anim:iterate&gt; elements. </p>
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<p>The anim:iterate-interval attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4.</p>
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<p>The anim:iterate-interval attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
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<h2>anim:iterate-type</h2>
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<p>The anim:iterate-type attribute of a &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element specifies the iteration of child elements.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the anim:iterate-type attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>by-letter: the target shape or paragraph is iterated by letters.</li><li>by-paragraph: the target shape is iterated by paragraphs.</li><li>by-word: the target shape or paragraph is iterated by words.</li></ul>
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<p>The anim:iterate-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4.</p>
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<p>The anim:iterate-type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>anim:name</h2>
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<p>The anim:name attribute specifies the name of a parameter for an &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1 element.</p>
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<p>The anim:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:param&gt; 15.6.2.</p>
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<p>The anim:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>anim:sub-item</h2>
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<p>The anim:sub-item attribute specifies components of a target element for application of animation effects. </p>
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<p>The defined values for the anim:sub-item attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>background: animates only a shape&#039;s background and not its text.</li><li>text: animates only the text of a shape.</li><li>whole: animates both a shape and its text.</li></ul>
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<p>The anim:sub-item attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
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<p>The anim:sub-item attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>anim:value</h2>
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<p>The anim:value attribute specifies the value of a parameter for an &lt;anim:command&gt; element.</p>
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<p>The anim:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:param&gt; 15.6.2.</p>
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<p>The anim:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:attached-axis</h2>
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<p>The chart:attached-axis attribute specifies an axis to be used with a series. The value shall be the name of an axis as defined with the chart:name attribute on a &lt;chart:axis&gt; element. </p>
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<p>The chart:attached-axis attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
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<p>The chart:attached-axis attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:automatic-content</h2>
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<p>The chart:automatic-content attribute specifies if an equation to be displayed should be calculated automatically or if text given within a &lt;text:p&gt; element should be used instead.</p>
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<p>If no &lt;text:p&gt; element is provided, the chart:automatic-content attribute is assumed to be true.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:automatic-content attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>false: the text within a &lt;text:p&gt; element is displayed. </li><li>true: an equation is calculated and displayed automatically.</li></ul>
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<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
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<p>The chart:automatic-content attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19.</p>
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<p>The chart:automatic-content attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:class</h2>
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<h3>&lt;chart:chart&gt;, &lt;chart:series&gt;</h3>
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<p>The chart:class attribute specifies a chart type. The value is a namespaced token. The values for the predefined chart types are defined within the chart namespace ( urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:chart:1.0).</p>
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<p>The term <em>line attributes</em> is used in defining chart:class values to refer to the attributes of the &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 element within a chart style: draw:stroke 19.218, draw:stroke-dash 20.168 and draw:stroke-linejoin 20.170,svg:stroke-color 20.408, svg:stroke-width20.410, and svg:stroke-opacity20.409. </p>
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<p>The term <em>fill attributes</em> is used in defining chart:class values to refer to the attributes of the &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 element within a chart style: draw:fill 20.118, draw:fill-color 20.119, draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120, draw:gradient-step-count 20.137, draw:fill-hatch-name 20.121, draw:fill-hatch-solid 20.122, draw:fill-image-height 19.486, draw:fill-image-name 20.124, draw:fill-image-width 20.128, draw:fill-image-ref-point 20.125, draw:fill-image-ref-point-x 20.126, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y20.127, draw:opacity 20.152, draw:opacity-name 20.153, draw:tile-repeat-offset 20.175 and style:repeat 19.515.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:class attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li><p>chart:area –The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as y-coordinates within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. </p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformations). </p><p>Where chart:deep=&quot;true&quot; 20.12 the z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as labels at the z-axis.</p><p>The area in the xy-pane between the data points and the x-axis is filled (chart:origin 20.40). </p><p>Where chart:stacked=&quot;true&quot; 20.59 the area between a series and the previous series is filled. The filling is done as indicated by the fill attributes of the series. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes of the series. </p></li><li><p>chart:bar – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as y-coordinates within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformations).</p><p>Where chart:deep=&quot;true&quot; 20.12 the z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as labels at the z-axis. </p><p>Bars are displayed for each data point starting at the x-axis and ending at the indicated y-coordinate (see chart:origin 20.40 for more details). In case of chart:stacked=&quot;true&quot; 20.59 the bar starts at the previous series instead of the x-axis. The width and exact position of the bars along the x-axis is influenced by the attributes chart:gap-width 20.23, chart:group-bars-per-axis 20.24, chart:overlap 20.41, chart:percentage 20.43 and chart:stacked 20.59. In case of chart:three-dimensional=&quot;false&quot; 20.65 the bars are simple rectangles. </p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 the shape of the bars are defined by a chart:solid-type 20.56 attribute. A chart:vertical 20.72 attribute indicates whether the positions of x- and y-axis should be swapped, resulting in a horizontal y-axis and vertical x-axis. The bars are filled as indicated by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p></li><li>chart:bubble – Circles(bubbles) with different sizes are displayed in a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as relative bubble area. The values for the y-coordinates are given by the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13 element. The values for the x-coordinates are given by the second &lt;chart:domain&gt; element. The bubbles are filled as indicated by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </li><li>chart:circle – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are displayed as pie chart. For a value sequence a circle is divided into sectors, the angle of a sector represents the relative weight of a value. Only one series can be displayed with this chart type. By default, the segments are arranged counter-clockwise starting at 12 o&#039;clock. To arrange the segments in clockwise order the attribute chart:reverse-direction 20.51 at the y-axis is set to true. The chart:angle-offset 20.2 attribute is used to rotate the pie. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element at the x-axis can be used to define categories for the data points. The segments are filled as indicated by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </li><li><p>chart:filled-radar – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as radius-coordinates within a counter-clockwise polar coordinate system. The angle axis starts at 12 o&#039;clock. The axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;y&quot; 19.18 is interpreted as radius axis. The axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;x&quot; is interpreted as angle axis. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the value sequence starting with 1.0. First value gets an x-value 1.0. The second value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. </p><p>The area surrounded by the data points is filled as indicated by the fill attributes of the series. In case of chart:stacked=&quot;true&quot; 20.59 the area between a series and the previous series is filled instead. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p></li><li><p>chart:gantt – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of two &lt;chart:series&gt; (marked as being of type chart:gantt) are interpreted <br/>together to form the start and end values (in this order) in a Gantt chart. Start and end values are displayed at the y-axis in a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. </p><p>For each x-coordinate, a bar is displayed, starting at the start value and ending at the end value. The fill and line attributes of the series and points specify how the bars are to be displayed. If the end value is greater than or equal to the start value the style of the first series, shall be used. If the end value is smaller than the start value, the styles of the second series shall be used. </p></li><li><p>chart:line – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as y-coordinates within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. </p><p>The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. </p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformations). </p><p>Where chart:deep=&quot;true&quot; 20.12 the z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as labels at the z-axis. </p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;false&quot; 20.65 the data points are connected with a line as specified by the line attributes of the series. By default a solid line is drawn. If symbols should be used for the data points this shall be specified with the chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute. The fill attributes of the series and data points specify how the symbols are filled. By default. the symbols are filled solid with the same color as the connecting line. In case no line color is given but a fill color, the line uses the fill color. </p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 no symbols are shown. The data points are connected with a line that is extruded in z-direction. The extruded line is filled as specified by the fill attributes of the series. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p><p>The attribute chart:interpolation 20.27 within the chart style at the plot-area specifies which type of interpolation is used while connecting the points with lines. </p></li><li><p>chart:radar – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as radius-coordinates within a counter-clockwise polar coordinate system. The angle axis starts at 12 o&#039;clock. The axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;y&quot; 19.18 is interpreted as radius axis. The axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;x&quot; is interpreted as angle axis. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the value sequence starting with 1.0. First value gets an x-value 1.0. The second value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. </p><p>The data points are connected with a line as specified by the line attributes of the series. By default a solid line is drawn. If symbols should be used for the data points this shall be specified with the chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute. The fill attributes of the series and data points specify how the symbols are filled. By default, the symbols are filled solid with the same color as the connecting line. In case no line color is given but a fill color, the line uses the fill color. </p></li><li><p>chart:ring – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are displayed as one ring in a doughnut chart. For a given value sequence, the ring is divided into sectors, the angle of a sector represents the relative weight of a value. </p><p>By default, segments are arranged counter-clockwise starting at 12 o&#039;clock. To arrange the segments in clockwise order the attribute chart:reverse-direction 20.51 at the y-axis is set to &quot;true&quot;. The chart:angle-offset 20.2 attribute is used to rotate the doughnut. </p><p>By default, the first series of class ring forms the inner ring and the last series forms the outermost ring. To arrange the rings in opposite order the attribute chart:reverse-direction 20.51 is set to &quot;true&quot; at the x-axis. The attribute chart:hole-size 20.25 is used to influence the inner hole size. </p><p>The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element at the x-axis can be used to define categories for the data points. The segments are filled as specified by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is drawn around a segment as specified by the line attributes. </p></li><li><p>chart:scatter – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as y-coordinates within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The values for the x-coordinates are given by the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13 element. </p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformations). </p><p>Where chart:deep=&quot;true&quot; 20.12 the z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as labels at the z-axis. </p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;false&quot; the data points are connected with a line as specified by the line attributes of the series. By default a solid line is drawn. If symbols should be used for the data points this shall be specified with the chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute. </p><p>The fill attributes of the series and data points specify how the symbols are filled. By default the symbols are filled solid with the same color as the connecting line. In case no line color is given but a fill color, the line uses the fill color. </p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 no symbols are shown. The data points are connected with a line that is extruded in z-direction. The extruded line is filled as specified by the fill attributes of the series. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p><p>The attribute chart:interpolation 20.27 within the chart style at the plot-area specifies which type of interpolation is used while connecting the points with lines. </p></li><li><p>chart:stock – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on up to four &lt;chart:series&gt; (marked as being of type chart:stock) are interpreted together to form the opening, minimum, maximum and closing (in this order) values of a stock symbol displayed at the y scale in a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. If only three series are given, the values are interpreted as minimum, maximum and closing values (in this order). The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. </p><p>For each x-coordinate, the minimum and maximum y-values are connected with a line. The line style is specified with element &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; 11.22. The chart:japanese-candle-stick 20.30 attribute specifies the display of opening and closing values in a stock chart. In case of chart:japanese-candle-stick=&quot;false&quot; opening and closing values are displayed as left and right tick-lines in the same style as the line connecting minimum and maximum value. This is the default. Only in case of chart:japanese-candle-stick=&quot;true&quot; a bar is drawn from opening to closing value. The styles to use for those bars are defined with elements &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; 11.20 and &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; 11.21. </p></li><li>chart:surface – Depending on the size of the range specified by chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of the first &lt;chart:series&gt; element one of two types of surfaces is rendered:<ul><li><p>If the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of the first &lt;chart:series&gt; element specifies a range with more than one row and more than one column, the first version of a surface chart is rendered:</p><p>The value in the ith column and jth row of the cell range given by the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of the &lt;chart:series&gt; element (marked as being of type chart:surface) is the altitude corresponding to the x-value i and the y-value j unless &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13 elements are contained in the &lt;chart:series&gt; element. </p><p>If chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a surface chart is displayed in a right-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis (from left to right), a perspective y-axis running from the front to the right rear and a vertical z-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformation). The altitude values are displayed on the z-axis in this case. The surface is displayed as specified by the line and fill attributes of the first series. Furthermore the &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 elements of the series can be used to specify differing fill and line styles for the different altitude intervals. The surface within the first major interval (starting at lower values) is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the first data-point, within the second major interval the surface is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the second data-point and so on.</p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;false&quot; 20.65 a contour plot is displayed in a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. An axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;z&quot; 19.18 is used to define the range and segmentation of the displayed altitude values. Contour lines are drawn along lines of equal altitude specified by the major interval of the z-axis. The area between the contour lines can be filled. The line and fill style is specified by the line and fill attributes of the series. Furthermore the &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 elements of the series can be used to specify differing line and fill attributes for the different altitude intervals. The contour line and area belonging to the first major interval is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the first data-point, the contour line and area belonging to the second interval is displayed as specified by the line and fill attributes of the second data-point and so on.</p><p>In both cases two &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13 elements may be used to specify the y-values and x-values to be used (19.597.5). In this case the jth value of the table:cell-range-address 19.597 attribute of the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; element specifies the y-values used for the values in the jth row of the cell range given by the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of the &lt;chart:series&gt; element and the ith value of the table:cell-range-address attribute of the second &lt;chart:domain&gt; element specifies the x-values used for the values in the ith column.</p><p>The attribute chart:deep 20.12 shall be false. Multiple &lt;chart:series&gt; elements of type chart:surface will result in multiple surfaces being rendered. </p></li><li><p>If the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of the first &lt;chart:series&gt; element specifies a range with a single row or with a single column the second version of a surface chart is rendered:</p><p>The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on multiple &lt;chart:series&gt; elements (marked as being of type chart:surface) are interpreted as altitudes at specific grid locations.</p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a surface chart is displayed in a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformation). The altitude values are displayed on the y-axis in this case. The attribute chart:deep 20.12 shall be true. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the altitude -value sequence starting with 1.0. The first altitude value in each series gets an x-value 1.0. The second altitude value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The first series marked as being of type surface gets an associated z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series marked as being of type surface gets a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as labels at the z-axis. The surface is displayed as specified by the line and fill attributes of the first series. Furthermore the &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 elements of the first series can be used to specify differing fill and line styles for the different altitude intervals. The surface within the first major interval (starting at lower values) is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the first data-point, within the second major interval the surface is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the second data-point and so on.</p><p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;false&quot; 20.65 a contour plot is displayed in a 2 dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the altitude -value sequence starting with 1.0. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The y-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The series names are used as labels at the y-axis. A third axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;z&quot; 19.18 is used to define the range and segmentation of the displayed altitude values. Contour lines are drawn along lines of equal altitude specified by the major interval of the z-axis. The area between the contour lines can be filled. The line and fill style is specified by the line and fill attributes of the first series. Furthermore the &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 elements of the first series can be used to specify differing line and fill attributes for the different altitude intervals. The contour line and area belonging to the first major interval is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the first data-point, the contour line and area belonging to the second interval is displayed as specified by the line and fill attributes of the second data-point and so on. </p></li></ul></li></ul>
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<p>Additional chart types may be supported by using a different namespace.</p>
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<p>A chart:class 19.15 attribute for a &lt;chart:series&gt; element overrides the chart:class attribute for the entire chart. </p>
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<p>Note: The following table shows examples for the pre-defined chart types. Those charts that use one or two data series use two data series with the values 1;2;3;4 and 1;4;9;16 and the labels a;b;c;d. Those chart types that use more than two data series (stock and bubble) use the data series 1;2;3;4 and multiples thereof. The radar chart uses two data series with five data points.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2344" data-pandoc-media-sha1="9f406aee4a15440e972c53e633ed6b258859a0f7" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0f02f9ca5ae3a37d357b32218aec5e2fed1f67a0" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:line</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2327" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f3d14bccf5491287f9fe963719274e8c198c391e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="1d148f477c899e34bc9a3f3081f276dd975a7fa0" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:area</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2700" data-pandoc-media-sha1="fe24cb188256bff41c9602f5a2d9bc057524af19" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="200de31339a1433d9e15bd09837abd662a2a368b" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:circle</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="3011" data-pandoc-media-sha1="7c73149cd0ecbb13ab338a7857fe40ba6b65ffb8" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="c72caf93244cc1d13396c9f36890fca606fdbc2a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:ring</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2066" data-pandoc-media-sha1="2946e57ec2dd930fc42f704b2c46f7a1e3321f00" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="fd8d30aa23af9537b8b9162ced61193968f255d5" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:scatter</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2158" data-pandoc-media-sha1="4f1597aae07fb3a519ba7f1559897b4c087dd9e5" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ac5ce8122196a4146564faf9e2fe8722282b0531" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:radar</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2552" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5222711d313a2cd6b6d6993ca8abdc4789a17339" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="4f9758b1393eccd83b8f7bf560a2465835b2694d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:bar</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2304" data-pandoc-media-sha1="1d581c64ad5b70ef80aa5186c313a13c07cadab2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="6bb74412083497513bc8b8fa9a786a6b0550a3c6" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:stock</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2574" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c8b88108a42578bb0f22996b8189a23d4315c261" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0184b89fba2c9941adc0d89fd34025148c6725a5" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:bubble</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2623" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5b5727a8118223eaebbcc4a94d521327cb003d80" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="b4bcff8c5b3f07b8865bbbc9e015251b12dd7c5c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:surface</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2059" data-pandoc-media-sha1="87515c5d098998cc90647523730f1dc6bd4e6935" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="4f08a4146b429d344ebb2a10de8b58801592f868" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/><strong>chart:gantt</strong></p></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>The chart:class attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1 and &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
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<p>The chart:class attribute has the data type namespacedToken 18.3.19.</p>
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<h3>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</h3>
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<p>The chart:class attribute of a &lt;chart:grid&gt; element specifies whether major or minor tick marks are used on a grid. </p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:class attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>major: major tick marks are extended to grid lines.</li><li>minor: minor tick marks are extended to grid lines.</li></ul>
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<p>For a &lt;chart:grid&gt; 11.11 element the default value for this attribute is major.</p>
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<p>The chart:class attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:grid&gt; 11.11.</p>
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<p>The values of the chart:class attribute are major or minor.</p>
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<h2>chart:column-mapping (deprecated)</h2>
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<p>The chart:column-mapping attribute is deprecated. It specifies a list of indexes of series. The numbers define a reordering of data that comes from a container document that provides the data for the chart. The numbering begins with 1. A list of ascending numbers beginning with 1 has no effect. To exchange two series, their numbers shall be exchanged in the list.</p>
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<p>The chart:column-mapping 19.16 and chart:row-mapping 19.26 attributes shall not be used simultaneously.</p>
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<p>Note: Instead of using the deprecated chart:column-mapping attribute, &lt;chart:series&gt; elements may be reordered and specific cell ranges may be assigned to them using the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute.</p>
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<p>The chart:column-mapping attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
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<p>The chart:column-mapping attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:data-source-has-labels (deprecated)</h2>
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<p>The chart:data-source-has-labels attribute specifies whether a chart&#039;s source range (as given within table:cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element) contain labels.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:data-source-has-labels attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>both: first row and column of a chart&#039;s source range both contain labels.</li><li>column: first column of a chart&#039;s source range contains labels.</li><li>none: neither the first row nor the first column of a chart&#039;s source range contains labels.</li><li>row: first row of a chart&#039;s source range contains labels.</li></ul>
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<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
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<p>The chart:data-source-has-labels attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
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<p>The values of the chart:data-source-has-labels attribute are none, row, column or both.</p>
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<h2>chart:dimension</h2>
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<p>The chart:dimension attribute specifies a dimension in a coordinate system.</p>
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<p>For charts with less than three axes the chart:dimension attribute may appear with values for the x-axis and y-axis only. </p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:dimension attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>x: dimension represented by the x-axis of a chart.</li><li>y: dimension represented by the y-axis of a chart.</li><li>z: dimension represented by the z-axis of a chart. </li></ul>
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<p>The chart:dimension attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 and &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; 11.17.</p>
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<p>The values of the chart:dimension attribute are x, y or z.</p>
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<h2>chart:display-equation</h2>
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<p>The chart:display-equation attribute specifies whether the equation itself should be displayed or not. It is only evaluated if the value of the chart:automatic-content 19.14 attribute is true.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:display-equation attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>false: the equation is not displayed.</li><li>true: the equation is displayed.</li></ul>
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<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
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<p>The chart:display-equation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19.</p>
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<p>The chart:display-equation attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:display-r-square</h2>
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<p>The chart:display-r-square attribute specifies whether an R-square value should be displayed or not. It is only evaluated if the value of the chart:automatic-content 19.14 attribute is true.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:display-r-square attribute are:</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: R-square value is not displayed.</li><li>true: R-square value is displayed.</li></ul>
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<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
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<p>The chart:display-r-square attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19.</p>
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<p>The chart:display-r-square attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:label-cell-address</h2>
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<p>The chart:label-cell-address attribute specifies a cell range list that contains the name for a series.</p>
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<p>The chart:label-cell-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
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<p>The chart:label-cell-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
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<h2>chart:legend-align</h2>
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<p>The chart:legend-align attribute specifies the alignment of a legend with the plot area. </p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:legend-align attribute are:</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>center: legend is aligned at the center of the plot-area.</li><li>end: legend is aligned at the end of the plot-area (which is right or bottom).</li><li>start: legend is aligned at the beginning of the plot-area (which is left or top).</li></ul>
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<p>Note: This attribute can be used when the chart:legend-position attribute has one of the following values: start, end, top, bottom.</p>
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<p>The chart:legend-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
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<p>The values of the chart:legend-align attribute are start, center or end.</p>
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<h2>chart:legend-position</h2>
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<p>The chart:legend-position attribute specifies the placement of a legend.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:legend-position attribute, to specify the location of a legend in one of the corners of a chart outside the plot area, are:</p>
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<ul><li>bottom-end: place legend in the bottom right corner.</li><li>bottom-start: place the legend in the bottom left corner.</li><li>top-end: place legend in the top right corner.</li><li>top-start: place legend in the top left corner.</li></ul>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:legend-position attribute, to specify the location of a legend next to the plot area, are: </p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>bottom: place legend below the plot area.</li><li>end: place legend on the right side of the plot area.</li><li>start: place legend on the left side of the plot area.</li><li>top: place legend above the plot area.</li></ul>
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<p>The legend position can also be given in absolute coordinates with svg:x and svg:y attributes, as with any drawing object. If both absolute coordinates and the legend-position attribute are given, the chart:legend-position attribute shall be used. </p>
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<p>The chart:legend-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
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<h2>chart:name</h2>
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<p>The chart:name attribute specifies a name for an axis.</p>
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<p>Note: The value of a chart:name attribute can be used to reference an axis.</p>
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<p>The chart:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9.</p>
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<p>The chart:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:repeated</h2>
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<p>The chart:repeated attribute specifies how many consecutive data points have the same style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:repeated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:repeated attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:row-mapping (deprecated)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:row-mapping attribute specifies a list of indexes of series. The numbers define a reordering of data that comes from a container document that provides the data for the chart. The numbering begins with 1. A list of ascending numbers beginning with 1 has no effect. To exchange two series, their numbers shall be exchanged in the list.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:row-mapping and chart:column-mapping 19.16 attributes shall not be used simultaneously.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Instead of using the deprecated chart:row-mapping attribute, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 elements may be reordered and specific cell ranges may be assigned to them using the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:row-mapping attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:row-mapping attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:style-name attribute references a chart style by its name. 19.502 </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9, &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19, &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; 11.17, &lt;chart:floor&gt; 11.8, &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:grid&gt; 11.11, &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4, &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; 11.16, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; 11.18, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12, &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; 11.20, &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; 11.21, &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; 11.22, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2, &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1 and &lt;chart:wall&gt; 11.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:values-cell-range-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> The chart:values-cell-range-address attribute specifies a cell range that contains the values for a data series. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:values-cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:values-cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>config:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The config:name attribute specifies a name of an application setting, an application setting sequence, or an application setting container.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2 elements that are children of &lt;office:settings&gt; 3.10 elements, the name shall begin with a namespace prefix followed by a “:” (U+003A, COLON). The XML namespace bound to the prefix identifies the implementation that defines the name of a setting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The config:name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;config:config-item&gt; 3.10.3, &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5, &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; 3.10.4, &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; 3.10.6 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The config:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>config:type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The config:type attribute specifies a data type for a setting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the config:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>base64Binary: 18.2</li><li>boolean: 18.3.3</li><li>datetime: 18.2</li><li>double: 18.2</li><li>int: 18.2</li><li>long: 18.2 .</li><li>short: 18.2</li><li>string: 18.2</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The config:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;config:config-item&gt; 3.10.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the config:type attribute are boolean, short, int, long, double, string, datetime or base64Binary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:additional-column-statement</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:additional-column-statement attribute specifies the auto-increment keyword of an SQL create statement and any start value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The auto-increment keyword, optional start value and the format of the string specifying them are database specific. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:additional-column-statement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; 12.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:additional-column-statement attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:append-table-alias-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:append-table-alias-name attribute specifies that a table alias name should be appended when creating an SQL query.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:append-table-alias-name attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: table alias name is not appended to a query when creating an SQL query.</li><li>true: table alias name is appended to a query when creating an SQL query.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:append-table-alias-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:append-table-alias-name attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:apply-command</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:apply-command attribute specifies whether an SQL clause specified by a db:command attribute should be appended to an underlying statement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:apply-command attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: an SQL clause specified by a db:command 19.38 will not be appended to an underlying statement.</li><li>true: an SQL clause specified by a db:command attribute will be appended to an underlying statement.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:apply-command attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; 12.30 and &lt;db:order-statement&gt; 12.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:apply-command attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:as-template</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:as-template attribute specifies that a document is used as a template for a table structure to be created inside a database.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:as-template attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: document is not used as a template.</li><li>true: document is used as a template.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:as-template attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:as-template attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:base-dn</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:base-dn attribute specifies a base DN for data that is retrieved using LDAP. [RFC4514]</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:base-dn attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:base-dn attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:boolean-comparison-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:boolean-comparison-mode attribute specifies a comparison mode used for Boolean values in SQL SELECT statements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:boolean-comparison-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>equal-boolean: “= TRUE&quot; will be used for true and “= FALSE&quot; for false.</li><li>equal-integer: “= 1&quot; will be used for true and “= 0&quot; for false.</li><li>equal-use-only-zero: “NOT ($value = 0 or $value IS NULL)&quot; will be used for true and “= 0&quot; for false.</li><li>is-boolean: “IS TRUE&quot; will be used for true and “IS FALSE&quot; for false.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is equal-integer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:boolean-comparison-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the db:boolean-comparison-mode attribute are equal-integer, is-boolean, equal-boolean or equal-use-only-zero.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:catalog-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:catalog-name attribute specifies the catalog part of a fully-qualified SQL table name or index name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:catalog-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46, &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38, &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33 and &lt;db:update-table&gt; 12.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:catalog-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:command</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:command attribute specifies an SQL select, order or filter clause that is used as part of a SELECT statement.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:command attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; 12.30, &lt;db:order-statement&gt; 12.29 and &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:command attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:data-source-setting-is-list</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:data-source-setting-is-list attribute specifies whether a &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element contains a list of &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:data-source-setting-is-list attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; 12.22 element should not contain a list of &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; 12.24 elements.</li><li>true: &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; element should contain a list of &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; elements.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:data-source-setting-is-list attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; 12.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:data-source-setting-is-list attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:data-source-setting-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:data-source-setting-name attribute specifies a name for a &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:data-source-setting-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; 12.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:data-source-setting-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:data-source-setting-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:data-source-setting-type attribute specifies a data type for content of a &lt;<a href="db:data-source-setting-value">db:data-source-setting-value</a>&gt; 12.24 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:data-source-setting-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>boolean: 18.3.3</li><li>double: 18.2</li><li>int: 18.2</li><li>long: defined by [SQL].</li><li>string: 18.2</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:data-source-setting-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; 12.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the db:data-source-setting-type attribute are boolean, short, int, long, double or string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:data-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:data-type attribute specifies an SQL data type for a column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values accepted by db:data-type are defined by [SQL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:data-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the db:data-type attribute are bit, boolean, tinyint, smallint, integer, bigint, float, real, double, numeric, decimal, char, varchar, longvarchar, date, time, timestmp, binary, varbinary, longvarbinary, sqlnull, other, object, distinct, struct, array, blob, clob or ref.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:database-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:database-name attribute specifies the database for a connection, if the database type supports multiple logical databases per server.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:database-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:database-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:decimal</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:decimal attribute specifies a decimal separator for numeric fields.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:decimal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:decimal attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:default-cell-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:default-cell-style-name attribute specifies a default cell style. This style is applied to all cells in a column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:default-cell-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:default-cell-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:default-row-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:default-row-style-name attribute specifies a default row style. This style is applied to all rows in a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:default-row-style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:default-row-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:delete-rule</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:delete-rule attribute specifies a rule that is applied for deleting records from a table. It is used only with foreign keys.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:delete-rule attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>cascade: when the primary key is deleted, rows that imported that key are deleted.</li><li>no-action: indicates that if the primary key has been imported, it cannot be deleted.</li><li>restrict: a primary key shall not be deleted if it has been imported by another table as a foreign key.</li><li>set-default: when the primary key is deleted, the foreign key (imported key) is set to the default value.</li><li>set-null: when the primary key is deleted, the foreign key (imported key) is changed to NULL.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is no-action.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:delete-rule attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the db:delete-rule attribute are cascade, restrict, set-null, no-action or set-default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:description</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:description attribute specifies a description of a database object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:description attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4, &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28, &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:description attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:enable-sql92-check</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:enable-sql92-check attribute specifies whether the names of tables, views, columns, and queries may contain characters defined by the [SQL] feature F392.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:enable-sql92-check attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: consumers should permit characters defined by the [SQL] feature F392 for new or changed names of tables, views, columns, and queries. </li><li>true: consumers should not permit characters defined by the [SQL] feature F392 for new or changed names of tables, views, columns, and queries. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:enable-sql92-check attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:enable-sql92-check attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:encoding</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:encoding attribute specifies a text encoding for string data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is utf-8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:encoding attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:character-set&gt; 12.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:encoding attribute has the data type textEncoding 18.3.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:escape-processing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:escape-processing attribute specifies whether escape processing for a query is used or not. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:escape-processing attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: consumer should pass a query statement to the database driver without interpreting it itself.</li><li>true: consumer may pass a query statement to a database driver after interpreting it itself. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:escape-processing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:escape-processing attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:extension</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:extension attribute specifies a file name extension for files which are used as tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:extension attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:extension attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:field</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:field attribute specifies a separator for database fields.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is “;” (U+003B, SEMICOLON).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:field attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:field attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:hostname</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:hostname attribute specifies the name of a server for a server-based database. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:hostname attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:hostname attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:ignore-driver-privileges</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:ignore-driver-privileges attribute specifies whether privileges returned by a database driver should be ignored. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:ignore-driver-privileges attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: privileges returned by a database driver should not be ignored.</li><li>true: privileges returned by a database driver should be ignored.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:ignore-driver-privileges attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:ignore-driver-privileges attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:is-ascending</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-ascending attribute specifies that a column is to be sorted in ascending order. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:is-ascending attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: column is not sorted in ascending order.</li><li>true: column is sorted in ascending order.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-ascending attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:index-column&gt; 12.48.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-ascending attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:is-autoincrement</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-autoincrement attribute specifies whether a column is automatically numbered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:is-autoincrement attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: column is not automatically numbered.</li><li>true: column is automatically numbered.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-autoincrement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-autoincrement attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:is-clustered</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-clustered attribute specifies that an index is clustered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:is-clustered attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: index is not clustered.</li><li>true: index is clustered.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-clustered attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-clustered attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:is-empty-allowed</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-empty-allowed attribute specifies whether a column may contain empty values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:is-empty-allowed attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: column shall not contain empty values.</li><li>true: column may contain empty values.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-empty-allowed attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-empty-allowed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:is-first-row-header-line</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-first-row-header-line attribute specifies whether the first row in a text file, which is interpreted as a table of a file-based database, is used to define the columns of a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:is-first-row-header-line attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: first row of text file does not define columns of a table.</li><li>true: first row of text file does define columns of a table.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-first-row-header-line attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9 and &lt;db:table-setting&gt; 12.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-first-row-header-line attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:login-timeout</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:login-timeout attribute indicates a default time-out to be used when establishing a connection for this data source. If the attribute is not present, then a default time-out is specified by the database server. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:login-timeout attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:login&gt; 12.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:login-timeout attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:is-nullable</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-nullable attribute specifies the nullability of values in a column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:is-nullable attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>no-nulls: null values should not appear in a column.</li><li>nullable: null values may appear in a column.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-nullable attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the db:is-nullable attribute are no-nulls or nullable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:is-password-required</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-password-required attribute specifies if a password is always necessary when establishing a connection for a data source.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:is-password-required attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: password should not be required for a connection to data source.</li><li>true: password should be required for a connection to data source.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-password-required attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:login&gt; 12.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-password-required attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:is-unique</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-unique attribute specifies whether an index shall have unique values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:is-unique attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: index should not require unique values.</li><li>true: index shall have unique values.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-unique attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-unique attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:precision</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:precision attribute specifies a column&#039;s number of decimal digits.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:precision attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:precision attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:is-table-name-length-limited</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-table-name-length-limited attribute specifies whether table names are limited to eight characters or fewer characters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:is-table-name-length-limited attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: tables names may exceed eight characters in length.</li><li>true: table names shall not be greater than eight characters in length.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-table-name-length-limited attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:is-table-name-length-limited attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:local-socket</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:local-socket attribute specifies the local socket on which a server database is running and accepting connections. The server&#039;s local socket filename is used for connecting to a server database when it is running locally. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If db:local-socket is present but empty, consumers should use the default local socket for the database type in question.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:local-socket attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:local-socket attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:max-row-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:max-row-count attribute specifies the maximum number of rows that should be returned in a result set.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:max-row-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:max-row-count attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:media-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:media-type attribute of a &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element specifies the type of the file(s) that comprise a database. If the database consists of multiple files of different types which all are required for it to be operational, this attribute specifies the type of the file linked to by the xlink:href 19.916 attribute on the &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:media-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:media-type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies a name of a database or component of a database.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:component&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a database component.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a collection of &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;db:component-collection&gt; elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of an index. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of an index column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:index-column&gt; 12.48.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:key&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a key. If the key is not a primary key, the db:name attribute with a value shall appear on the &lt;db:key&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;db:key-column&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key-column&gt; 12.44.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:query&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;db:query&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a collection of &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:query-collection&gt; elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a schema for a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a table. Fully identifying a table in a database may require values from the db:catalog-name and db:schema-name attributes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;db:update-table&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:update-table&gt; 12.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:parameter-name-substitution</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:parameter-name-substitution attribute specifies that parameter names shall be replaced with a ”?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:parameter-name-substitution attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: parameters names may be replaced by a ”?”.</li><li>true: parameters names shall be replaced by a “?”.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:parameter-name-substitution attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:parameter-name-substitution attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:port</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:port attribute specifies the port on which a server database is accepting connections. If no port is present, consumers should use the default port for the database type in question.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:port attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:port attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:referenced-table-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:referenced-table-name attribute specifies the name of a referenced table. It is only used with foreign keys.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:referenced-table-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:referenced-table-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:related-column-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:related-column-name attribute specifies the name of a reference column out of the referenced table. It is used only with foreign keys.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:related-column-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key-column&gt; 12.44.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:related-column-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:row-retrieving-statement</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:row-retrieving-statement attribute specifies an SQL statement, which is executed to retrieve auto generated values after inserting a new row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:row-retrieving-statement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; 12.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:row-retrieving-statement attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:scale</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:scale attribute specifies a column&#039;s number of digits to the right of the decimal point.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:scale attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:scale attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:schema-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:schema-name attribute specifies the name of a schema.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:schema-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38, &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33 and &lt;db:update-table&gt; 12.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:schema-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:show-deleted</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:show-deleted attribute specifies that deleted records should be included in result sets.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:show-deleted attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: deleted records not included in result sets.</li><li>true: deleted records included in result sets. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:show-deleted attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9 and &lt;db:table-setting&gt; 12.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:show-deleted attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:string</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:string attribute specifies a separator for strings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:string attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:string attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:style-name attribute specifies a style name of a style family for the element upon which it appears. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:style-name attribute specifies the name of a style of the family table-column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:query&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:style-name attribute specifies the name of a style of the family table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:style-name attribute specifies the name of a style of the family table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:suppress-version-columns</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:suppress-version-columns attribute specifies that version columns, columns that are used for versioning row content, should be suppressed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:suppress-version-columns attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: version columns are not suppressed.</li><li>true: version columns should be suppressed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:suppress-version-columns attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:suppress-version-columns attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:system-driver-settings</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:system-driver-settings attribute specifies system-specific options for a connection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:system-driver-settings attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:system-driver-settings attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:thousand</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:thousand attribute specifies a thousand separator for numeric fields.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is “,” (U+002C, COMMA).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:thousand attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:thousand attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:title</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:title attribute specifies a human-readable title of an object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:title attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4, &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28, &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type attribute specifies a type for keys, databases, or tables, depending upon the element where it appears.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:key&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type attribute specifies the type of a key. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>foreign: a foreign key is a tuple of values in a database record that points to a key of a record in another table. </li><li>primary: a primary key is a tuple of values that can be used to identify a row in a table. </li><li>unique: a unique key specifies that the value of the key is unique but may be the NULL value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the db:type attribute are primary, unique or foreign.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type attribute specifies the type of a database. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type attribute has the data type namespacedToken 18.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type attribute specifies the type of a table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>system table: a table used by a database for administration.</li><li>table: a table.</li><li>view: a table that is a view of another table.</li><li>Implementation-defined values</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:type-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type-name attribute specifies a database-dependent type name of a database column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:type-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:update-rule</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:update-rule attribute specifies a rule that is applied for updating records in a table. It is only used for foreign keys. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:update-rule attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>cascade: when the primary key is updated, the foreign key (imported key) is changed to the same value.</li><li>restrict: a primary key shall not be updated if it has been imported by another table as a foreign key.</li><li>no-action: if the primary key has been imported, it cannot be updated.</li><li>set-default: when the primary key is updated, the foreign key (imported key) is set to the default value.</li><li>set-null: when the primary key is updated, the foreign key (imported key) is changed to NULL.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is no-action.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:update-rule attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the db:update-rule attribute are cascade, restrict, set-null, no-action or set-default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:use-catalog</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:use-catalog attribute specifies that a catalog name should be used to reference a table in SQL statements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:use-catalog attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: catalog names are not used to reference tables in SQL statements.</li><li>true: catalog names are used to reference tables in SQL statements.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:use-catalog attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:use-catalog attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:use-system-user</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:use-system-user attribute specifies whether the name of a user as logged in to the client operating system is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If db:use-system-user and db:user-name 19.90 attributes are omitted and the server requires a user name, the user is prompted to enter a name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:use-system-user attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: name of user logged into client operating system is not used for login.</li><li>true: name of user logged into client operating system is used for login.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:use-system-user attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:login&gt; 12.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:use-system-user attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:user-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:user-name attribute specifies a user name for authentication upon creating a connection to a database.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If db:user-name and db:use-system-user 19.89 attributes are omitted and the server requires a user name, the user is prompted to enter a name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:user-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:login&gt; 12.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:user-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>db:visible</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:visible attribute specifies whether a column appears in a table grid view.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the db:visible attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: column does not appear in a table grid view.</li><li>true: column appears in a table grid view.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:visible attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The db:visible attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:ambient-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute specifies a color for ambient light. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Ambient light is light that seems to come from all directions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute, along with dr3d:diffuse-color, dr3d:emissive-color, and dr3d:specular-color specifies the four colors that define the color of a material.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:center</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:center attribute specifies the center of a sphere in a three-dimensional space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:center attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:center attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:diffuse-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute specifies the base color that a light is emitting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:direction attribute specifies the direction in which light is emitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:direction attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:distance</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:distance attribute specifies the distance between a camera and an object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:distance attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:distance attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:enabled</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:enabled attribute specifies if a light is enabled. If a light is not enabled, it does not emit any light.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:enabled attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: light is not enabled.</li><li>true: light is enabled.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:enabled attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:enabled attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:focal-length</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:focal-length attribute specifies the focal length of a virtual camera in a scene.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:focal-length attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:focal-length attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:lighting-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute specifies the use of lighting in three-dimensional scenes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute is also defined for 3D objects. 20.86</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute specifies whether lighting is used in a three-dimensional chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:lighting-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: lighting is not used.</li><li>true: lighting is used.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute specifies whether lighting is used in a three-dimensional scene.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:lighting-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: lighting is not used.</li><li>true: lighting is used.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:max-edge </h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:max-edge attribute specifies the maximum x, y and z coordinate values for a cube. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:max-edge attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:max-edge attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:min-edge</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:min-edge attribute specifies the minimum x, y and z coordinate values for a cube. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:min-edge attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:min-edge attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:projection</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:projection attribute specifies a projection mode.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:projection attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>parallel: distance from the center of projection to the projection plane is infinite.</li><li>perspective: distance from the center of projection to the projection plane is finite.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2 element the default value for this attribute is parallel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:projection attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 and &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:projection attribute are parallel or perspective.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:shade-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:shade-mode attribute specifies how lighting is calculated for rendered surfaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:shade-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>draft: surfaces are not lit and drawn as wireframe only.</li><li>flat: lighting is calculated by one surface normal.</li><li>gouraud: lighting is calculated by interpolating the color calculated with the surface normals at each edge.</li><li>phong: lighting is calculated by interpolating the surface normals over the surface.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2 element the default value for this attribute is flat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:shade-mode attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 and &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:shade-mode attribute are flat, phong, gouraud or draft.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:shadow-slant</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:shadow-slant attribute specifies an angle from a three-dimensional scene to a virtual paper on which a shadow is cast. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:shadow-slant attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:shadow-slant attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:size attribute specifies the size of a sphere in a three-dimensional space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:size attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:specular</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:specular attribute specifies whether a light causes a specular reflection on objects. consumers may evaluate this attribute only for the first light in a scene.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:specular attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: light does not cause specular reflection.</li><li>true: light does cause specular reflection.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:specular attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:specular attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:transform</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:transform attribute specifies a list of transform definitions, which are applied in the order provided. The individual transform definitions are separated by white space. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined transforms are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>matrix(<em>&lt;a&gt;</em> <em>&lt;b&gt;</em> <em>&lt;c&gt;</em> <em>&lt;d&gt;</em> <em>&lt;e&gt;</em> <em>&lt;f&gt;</em> <em>&lt;g&gt;</em> <em>&lt;h&gt;</em> <em>&lt;i&gt;</em> <em>&lt;j&gt;</em> <em>&lt;k&gt;</em> <em>&lt;l&gt;</em>): specifies a transformation in the form of a homogeneous transformation matrix: </p><p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mtable><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>d</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>g</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>j</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>b</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>e</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>h</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>k</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>c</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>f</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>i</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>l</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mn>0</mn></mtd><mtd><mn>0</mn></mtd><mtd><mn>0</mn></mtd><mtd><mn>1</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">left(  matrix { a # d # g # j ## b # e # h # k ## c # f # i # l ## 0 # 0 # 0 # 1 } right )</annotation></semantics></math></p><p> where the values (&lt;j&gt;, &lt;k&gt;, &lt;l&gt;) in the right column describe the translation. </p></li><li>rotatex(<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em>): specifies a rotation by <em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the x-axis.</li><li>rotatey(<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em>): specifies a rotation by <em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the y-axis.</li><li>rotatez(<em>&lt;rotate-angle</em>&gt;): specifies a rotation by <em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the z-axis.</li><li>scale(<em>&lt;sx&gt;</em> <em>&lt;sy&gt;</em> <em>&lt;sz&gt;</em>): specifies a scale operation by <em>sx</em>, <em>sy</em> and <em>sz</em>.</li><li>translate(<em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> <em>&lt;ty&gt;</em> <em>&lt;tz</em>&gt;): specifies a translation by <em>tx</em>, <em>ty</em> and <em>tz</em>.</li></ul>
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<p>The dr3d:transform attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 and &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>The dr3d:transform attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>dr3d:vpn</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:vpn attribute specifies a pointer towards projected objects.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With the dr3d:vrp 19.109 and dr3d:vup 19.110 attributes, the dr3d:vpn attribute specifies a viewing volume. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:vpn attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
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<p>The dr3d:vpn attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
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<h2>dr3d:vrp</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:vrp attribute specifies an origin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With the dr3d:vpn 19.108 and dr3d:19.110 vup attributes, the dr3d:vrp attribute specifies a viewing volume.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:vrp attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:vrp attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
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<h2>dr3d:vup</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:vup attribute specifies an up vector. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With the dr3d:vpn 19.108 and dr3d:vrp 19.109 attributes, the dr3d:vup attribute specifies a viewing volume.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:vup attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>The dr3d:vup attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
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<h2>draw:align</h2>
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<p>The draw:align attribute specifies the shape edge where a glue point is positioned.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the draw:align attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>bottom-left: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the bottom-left corner of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </li><li>bottom-right: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the bottom-right corner of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </li><li>center: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the center of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </li><li>right: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the right of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </li><li>top: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the top of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </li><li>top-right: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the top-right corner of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </li><li>top-left: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the top-left corner of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </li></ul>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:align attribute are top-left, top, top-right, left, center, right, bottom-left or bottom-right.</p>
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<h2>draw:angle</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:angle attribute specifies an angle that rotates the axis at which the gradient values are interpolated. This attribute is ignored for radial style gradients. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:angle attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1 and &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
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<h2>draw:archive</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:archive attribute is equivalent to the archive attribute of an &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. See. §13.4 of [HTML4].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:archive attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:archive attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:border</h2>
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<p>The draw:border attribute specifies a percentage value that is used to scale a border area which is filled by a solid color. </p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For linear, square, rectangle, radial and elliptical gradients the start color is used. For axial gradients, the end color is used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:border attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1 and &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:border attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
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<h2>draw:caption-id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-id attribute establishes a relationship between a drawing shape and its caption. It takes a value of type IDREF. The value for the draw:caption-id attribute is the target ID assigned to the &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3 element that contains the caption.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: When a caption is assigned to a drawing shape, an id shall be assigned to the element containing the text used to caption a drawing shape. Removing the caption should result in removing the draw:caption-id attribute of the drawing shape that was being captioned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-id attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:caption-point-x</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-point-x attribute, along with draw:caption-point-y specifies the position of a point that is captioned. A set of lines is rendered to that point from the caption area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-point-x attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-point-x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:caption-point-y</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-point-y attribute, along with draw:caption-point-x specifies the position of a point that is captioned. A set of lines is rendered to that point from the caption area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-point-y attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-point-y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:chain-next-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:chain-next-name attribute specifies a name that is used to chain text boxes together for cases where the content of a text box exceeds its capacity. The content flows into the next text box in the chain. The value of this attribute is the name of the next text box in the chain.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:chain-next-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:chain-next-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:class-id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:class-id attribute specifies the OLE class id of an object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:class-id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:class-id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:class-names</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:class-names attribute specifies a white-space-separated list of styles with the family value of graphic. The referenced styles are applied in the order they are contained in the list. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If both draw:style-name and draw:class-names are present, the style referenced by the draw:style-name attribute is applied before the styles referenced by the draw:class-names attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:class-names attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:class-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:code</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:code attribute is equivalent to the code attribute of an &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. See. §13.4 of [HTML4].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:code attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:code attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color attribute specifies different colors depending upon the element where it appears. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color attribute specifies the color of hatch lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color attribute specifies the color of that is used to fill a shape when the shape is dimmed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:dim&gt; 10.8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:concave</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:concave attribute specifies whether the basic model of the polygon is a regular, convex polygon or a star-shaped polygon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:concave attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: The basic model of the polygon is a regular convex polygon, where the number of corners is specified by the draw:corners 19.128 attribute. The basic model is scaled, so that the bounding box of the polygon has the width and height as specified in the svg:width 19.575 and svg:height 19.543 attributes of the &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 element.</li><li>true: The polygon is star-shaped. The draw:sharpness 19.211 attribute shall be specified in addition to the draw:concave attribute.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:concave attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed attribute specifies the rendering of a shape with a concentric gradient that uses a custom shape path. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the rendering of a shape with a concentric gradient that does not use a custom shape path. </li><li>true: the rendering of a shape with a concentric gradient that does use a custom shape path. </li></ul>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:control</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:control attribute specifies a control within a form that is linked to the control shape by its ID.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:control attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:control attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:copy-of</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:copy-of attribute specifies that a frame displays the contents of another frame. This does not effect style and position information. The style and position information of the frame with the draw:copy-of attribute is used to render the copied contents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Multiple frames can be set to display the exact same underlying data: for instance for a company logo, that that is to appear somewhere on every page, without being part of a header or footer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:copy-of attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:copy-of attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:corner-radius</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:corner-radius attribute specifies the radius of the circle used to round off the corners of a caption &lt;draw:caption&gt;, rectangle &lt;draw:rect&gt;, or a text-box &lt;draw:text-box&gt;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:rx 19.554 and svg:ry 19.555 attributes can also be used to round off the corners of a rectangle &lt;draw:rect&gt;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If svg:rx and/or svg:ry and draw:corner-radius attributes are present on an element, the svg:rx and svg:ry attributes control the rounding applied to the shape defined by the element. If one or both of svg:rx and svg:ry attributes are present, any draw:corner-radius attribute is ignored. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:corner-radius attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:corner-radius attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:corners</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:corners attribute specifies the number of corners for a regular-polygon shape. If the draw:concave 19.123 attribute of the &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 element has the value false, the value of the draw:corners attribute specifies the number of corners of the polygon. If the draw:concave attribute has the value true, the polygon has twice as many corners as the value of the draw:corners attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The drawing of polygons is further described at the draw:sharpness 19.211 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:corners attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:corners attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:cx</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:cx attribute, along with the draw:cy 19.130 attribute, specifies the center of the geometry that is used for a gradient 19.218.2, if the gradient style is ellipsoid, radial, rectangular, or square.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:cx attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1 and &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:cx attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:cy</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:cy attribute, along with the draw:cx 19.129 attribute, specifies the center of the geometry that is used for a gradient, if the gradient 19.218.2 style is ellipsoid, radial, rectangular, or square.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:cy attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1 and &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:cy attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:data</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:data attribute specifies rendering-engine-specific data for a custom shape. This attribute is only evaluated if a rendering engine is specified by the draw:engine attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:data attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:data attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:display</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display attribute specifies the visibility of drawing objects contained in a layer for display or printing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>always: drawing objects are visible on screen and in printed output.</li><li>none: drawing objects are not visible on screen or in printed output.</li><li>printer: drawing objects are visible in printed output but not on screen.</li><li>screen: drawing objects are visible on screen but not in printed output.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is always.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:display attribute are always, screen, printer or none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:display-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies a name as it should appear in the user interface.  If this attribute is not present, the display name is the same as the internal name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a fill image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a gradient.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a hatch style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:marker&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a marker.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:marker&gt; 16.42.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of an opacity gradient.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a dash style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a gradient. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a gradient. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:distance</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:distance attribute specifies distances.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:distance attribute specifies the distance between two hatch lines. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:distance attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:distance attribute specifies the distance between the dashes of a stroke. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the attribute may be an absolute length or a percentage value. Percentage values are relative to the width of the stroke as defined by the svg:stroke-width attribute. 20.410</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:distance attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:dots1</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:dots1 attribute specifies the number of dashes for the first sequence in an alternating sequence of dots. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:dots1 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:dots1 attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:dots1-length</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:dots1-length attributes specifies the length of the dashes in the sequence specified by draw:dots1. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the attribute may be an absolute length or a percentage value. Percentage values are relative to the width of the stroke as defined by the svg:stroke-width attribute. 20.410</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:dots1-length attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:dots1-length attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:dots2</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:dots2 attribute specifies the number of dashes for the second sequence in an alternating sequence of dots. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:dots2 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:dots2 attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:dots2-length</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:dots2-length attributes specifies the length of the dashes in the sequence specified by draw:dots2. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the attribute may be an absolute length or a percentage value. Percentage values relative to the width of the stroke as defined by the svg:stroke-width attribute. 20.410</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:dots2-length attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:dots2-length attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:end</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end attributes specifies the end value for the &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7 element, which interpolates between the value of this attribute and draw:start. The defined value range for the draw:end attribute is 0% to 100%, where 0% is transparent and 100% is opaque.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:end-angle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-angle attribute specifies the end angle of an arc, cut, or section for circles where the draw:kind 19.188 attribute value is arc, cut, or section. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-angle attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8 and &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:end-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-color attribute specifies the end value for the &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element, which interpolates between the value of this attribute and draw:start-color 19.214.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:end-glue-point</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-glue-point attribute identifies the glue point in a shape where a connector ends by its number. See 10.3.16. Glue point numbers are defined by the draw:id attributes of the glue point elements &lt;draw:glue-point&gt;. 19.187.2</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the connector is not connected to a shape, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-glue-point attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-glue-point attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:end-intensity</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-intensity attribute specifies the intensity of the gradient&#039;s end color as a percentage value. If it is not specified, the color is used at 100% intensity. The defined value range for the draw:end-intensity attribute is 0% to 100%, </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-intensity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-intensity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:end-shape</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-shape attribute specifies a drawing shape to which the end of a connector is connected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-shape attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-shape attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:enhanced-path</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:enhanced-path attribute specifies a path that is the outline of a shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The syntax of a value for a draw:enhanced-path attribute is defined as:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Commands are expressed as one character. </li><li>Commands are followed by parameters.</li><li>Commands and parameters are separated by white space characters. Parameters may also be separated by comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) characters.</li><li>White space and commas may be eliminated if they are not necessary to identify individual commands or parameters. </li><li>If a command is repeated multiple times, all repeated command characters except the first one may be omitted.</li><li>The decimal delimiter is the ”.” (U+002E, FULL STOP) character. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A parameter in the value of a draw:enhanced-path attribute may be:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>An integer value.</li><li>An integer value preceded by a “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) character. Such a value is an index to a draw:modifiers 19.196 attribute on the element where the draw:enhanced-path attribute appears. The corresponding modifier value is used as a parameter value. </li><li>A floating-point value.</li><li>A formula name, preceded by a “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) character. The result of the value of the draw:formula 19.171 attribute of the &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5 child element of the &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element on which the draw:enhanced-path attribute appears is used as the parameter value. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The syntax used in Table 10 for parameters is: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>(): grouping of parameters.</li><li>+: 1 or more of the given parameter(s) shall be present.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following commands are defined:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 10 - Enhanced path commands</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Command</p></th><th><p>Name</p></th><th><p>Parameters</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>A</p></td><td><p>arcto</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x4 y4) +</p></td><td><p>(x1, y1) and (x2, y2) define the bounding box of an ellipse. A line is then drawn from the current point to the start angle of the arc that is specified by the radial vector of point (x3, y3) and then counter-clockwise to the end-angle that is specified by point (x4, y4).</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>B</p></td><td><p>arc</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x4 y4) +</p></td><td><p>The same as the “A” command, except that an implied moveto to the starting point is done.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>C</p></td><td><p>curveto</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x y) +</p></td><td><p>Draws a cubic Bézier curve from the current point to (x,y) using (x1,y1) as the control point at the beginning of the curve and (x2,y2) as the control point at the end of the curve.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>F</p></td><td><p>nofill</p></td><td><p>(none)</p></td><td><p>Specifies that the current set of sub-paths will not be filled.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>L</p></td><td><p>lineto</p></td><td><p>(x y) +</p></td><td><p>Draws a line from the current point to (x, y). If followed by multiple coordinate pairs, they are all interpreted as lineto.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>M</p></td><td><p>moveto</p></td><td><p>(x y) +</p></td><td><p>Start a new sub-path at the given (x,y) coordinate. If a moveto is followed by multiple pairs of coordinates, they are treated as lineto.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>N</p></td><td><p>endpath</p></td><td><p>(none)</p></td><td><p>Ends the current set of sub-paths. The sub-paths will be filled by using the “even-odd” filling rule. Other following subpaths will be filled independently.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Q</p></td><td><p>quadratic­curveto</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x y)+</p></td><td><p>Draws a quadratic Bézier curve from the current point to (x, y) using (x1, y1) as the control point. (x, y) becomes the new current point at the end of the command.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>S</p></td><td><p>nostroke</p></td><td><p>(none)</p></td><td><p>Specifies that the current set of sub-paths will not be stroked.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>T</p></td><td><p>angle­ellipseto</p></td><td><p>(x y wR hR t0 t1) +</p></td><td><p>Draws a segment of an ellipse.  The ellipse is specified by the center(x, y), the width 2*wR, the height 2*hR, and the start-angle t0 in degrees and end-angle t1 in degrees. The segment is drawn clockwise.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U</p></td><td><p>angle­ellipse</p></td><td><p>(x y wR hR t0 t1) +</p></td><td><p>The same as the “T” command, except that an implied moveto to the starting point is done.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>V</p></td><td><p>clockwise­arc</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x y)+</p></td><td><p>The same as the “A” command, except that an implied moveto to the starting point is done and the arc is drawn clockwise.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>W</p></td><td><p>clockwise­arcto</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x y) +</p></td><td><p>The same as the “A” command except, that the arc is drawn clockwise.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>elliptical­quatrantx</p></td><td><p>(x y) +</p></td><td><p>Draws a quarter ellipse, whose initial segment is tangential to the x-axis from the current point to (x, y). For each additional quarter ellipse command, the axis to which the segment is tangential to switches from x to y and from y to x.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Y</p></td><td><p>elliptical­quadranty</p></td><td><p>(x y) +</p></td><td><p>Draws a quarter ellipse, whose initial segment is tangential to the y-axis from the current point to (x, y). For each additional quarter ellipse command, the axis to which the segment is tangential to switches from y to x and from x to y </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Z</p></td><td><p>closepath</p></td><td><p>(none)</p></td><td><p>Close the current sub-path by drawing a straight line from the current point to current sub-path&#039;s initial point.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The value of the draw:enhanced-path attribute is based upon [SVG] §8.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:enhanced-path attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:enhanced-path attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:engine</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:engine attribute specifies the name of a specific rendering engine that can be used to render a custom shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the draw:engine attribute shall not influence the geometry of a shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:engine attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:engine attribute has the data type namespacedToken 18.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:escape-direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:escape-direction attribute specifies the direction in which a connection line leaves a drawing object if a connector connects to a glue point. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:escape-direction attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: the connection line may leave in all four directions from a drawing object.</li><li>down: the connection line leaves down from a drawing object.</li><li>horizontal: the connection line may leave to the left or to the right of a drawing object.</li><li>left: the connection line leaves to the left of a drawing object.</li><li>right: the connection line leaves to the right of a drawing object.</li><li>up: the connection line leaves up from a drawing object.</li><li>vertical: the connection line may leave up or down from a drawing object.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:escape-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:escape-direction attribute are auto, left, right, up, down, horizontal or vertical.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion attribute specifies if an extrusion is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: extrusion is not displayed.</li><li>true: extrusion is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-allowed</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-allowed attribute specifies whether a shape can be rendered as an extrusion object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-allowed attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: shape cannot be rendered as an extrusion object.</li><li>true: shape can be rendered as an extrusion object.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-allowed attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-allowed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-brightness</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-brightness attribute specifies the brightness of a scene.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 33%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-brightness attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-brightness attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-color attribute specifies if an extrusion color is used. The extrusion color is defined by the draw:secondary-fill-color 20.157 attribute specified in a custom shape&#039;s graphic style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-color attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: extrusion color is not used.</li><li>true: extrusion color is used.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-color attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-depth</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-depth attribute specifies the depth of an extrusion. It takes two white space separated values. The first value specifies the depth of the extrusion in units, the second value specifies the fraction of the extrusion that lies before a shape. The second value shall be in the range [0,1]. A value of 0 is the default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 36pt 0.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-depth attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-depth attribute has two white space separated values. The first value is of type length 18.3.18. The second value is of type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-diffusion</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-diffusion attribute specifies the amount of diffusion reflected by a shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-diffusion attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-diffusion attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-first-light-direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-direction attribute specifies the direction of the first light.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is (5 0 1).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-direction attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh attribute specifies if the first light is harsh.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the light is not harsh. The means by which the light is softened is implementation-defined.</li><li>true: the light is harsh. The light is an undiffused point source.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-first-light-level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-level attribute specifies the intensity of the first light.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 66%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-level attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-light-face</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-light-face attribute specifies if the front face of an extrusion responds to lighting changes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-light-face attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: front face of extrusion does not respond to lighting changes.</li><li>true: front face of extrusion responds to lighting changes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-light-face attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-light-face attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-metal</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-metal attribute specifies the shading of an extruded shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-metal attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the specular color for the shading of an extruded shape is white.</li><li>true: the specular color for the shading of an extruded shape is gray (red green and blue values of 200) instead of white and 15% is added to the specularity.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-metal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-metal attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments attribute specifies the number of line segments that should be used to display curved surfaces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 30.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-origin</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-origin attribute specifies the point of origin of a shape within its bounding box in shape-size fractions. The value of the draw:extrusion-origin attribute consists of two parameters separated by white space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The first parameter represents the horizontal origin of a shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the first parameter of the draw:extrusion-origin attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>-0.5: represents the left side of the shape.</li><li>0: represents the center of the shape.</li><li>0.5: represents the right side of the shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The second parameter represents the vertical origin of a shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the second parameter of the draw:extrusion-origin attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>-0.5: represents the top side of the shape.</li><li>0: represents the center of the shape.</li><li>0.5: represents the bottom side of the shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.5 -0.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-origin attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-origin attribute has two white space separated values. The first value is a value of type double 18.2 in the range [-0.5,0.5]. The second value is a value of type double 18.2 in the range [-0.5,0.5].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-rotation-angle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-angle attribute specifies rotation about an x-axis and y-axis. The values are separated by a white space. The first angle specifies rotation on the x-axis and the second angle specifies rotation on the y-axis. z-axis is specified by the draw:transform 19.228 attribute on the &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The order of the rotation is: z-axis, y-axis and then x-axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0 0.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-angle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-angle attribute has two white space separated values. The first value is of type angle 18.3.1. The second value is of type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-rotation-center</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-center attribute specifies the position of a rotation center in shape-size fractions. If the draw:extrusion-rotation-center attribute is omitted, the geometric center of the shape is used as the rotation center.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-center attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-center attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-second-light-direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-direction attribute specifies the direction of the second light.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is (-5 0 1).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-direction attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh attribute specifies if the second light is harsh.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the light is not harsh. The means by which the light is softened is implementation-defined.</li><li>true: the light is harsh. The light is an undiffused point source.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-second-light-level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-level attribute specifies the intensity of the second light.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 66%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-level attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-shininess</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-shininess attribute specifies the reflectivity of a mirror.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 50%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-shininess attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-shininess attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-skew</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-skew attribute specifies the skew amount and skew angle of an extrusion. Skew settings are only applied if the dr3d:projection 19.102 attribute on the same element has the value parallel.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute value is a white space separated number and angle. The first value defines the skew amount in percent, the second value defines the skew angle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 50 45.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-skew attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-skew attribute has two white space separated values. The first value is of type double 18.2. The second value is of type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-specularity</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-specularity attribute specifies the specularity of an extrusion object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-specularity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-specularity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:extrusion-viewpoint</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-viewpoint attribute specifies the viewpoint of an observer as a 3D point. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is (3.5cm -3.5cm 25cm).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-viewpoint attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:extrusion-viewpoint attribute has the data type point3D 18.3.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:filter-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:filter-name attribute specifies the implementation-dependent filter name that has been used to load an image into the document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:filter-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:filter-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:formula</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:formula attribute specifies an equation that should be used to evaluate a value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of a draw:formula attribute can have one of the following parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A &quot;?&quot; (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a formula name. The result of the &lt;draw:equation&gt; element&#039;s draw:formula attribute whose draw:name 19.197 attribute is the formula name used as the value. </li><li>If ”$” (U +0024) precedes an integer value, the value is an index to a draw:modifiers 19.196 attribute. The corresponding modifier value is used as value. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>formula::=additive_expression</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>identifier::= &#039;pi&#039; | &#039;left&#039; | &#039;top&#039; | &#039;right&#039; | &#039;bottom&#039; | &#039;xstretch&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| &#039;ystretch&#039; | &#039;hasstroke&#039; | &#039;hasfill&#039; | &#039;width&#039; | &#039;height&#039; | &#039;logwidth&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| &#039;logheight&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>unary_function::= &#039;abs&#039; | &#039;sqrt&#039; | &#039;sin&#039; | &#039;cos&#039; | &#039;tan&#039; | &#039;atan&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>binary_function::= &#039;min&#039; | &#039;max&#039; | &#039;atan2&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ternary_function::= &#039;if&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>basic_expression::= number</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| identifier</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| function_reference</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| modifier_reference</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| unary_function S* &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| binary_function S* &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;,&#039; S*</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>		additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| ternary_function S* &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;,&#039; S*</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>		additive_expression S* &#039;,&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>unary_expression::= &#039;-&#039; S* basic_expression | basic_expression</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>multiplicative_expression::= unary_expression 	( ( S* &#039;*&#039; S* unary_expression )</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| ( S* &#039;/&#039; S* unary_expression ) )*</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>additive_expression::= multiplicative_expression</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	( ( S* &#039;+&#039; S* multiplicative_expression )</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	| ( S* &#039;-&#039; S* multiplicative_expression ) )*</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>number::= sign? Integer | sign? Floating-point-constant</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>function_reference::= &quot;?&quot; name</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>modifier_reference::= &quot;$&quot; integer</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>floating-point-constant::= fractional-constant exponent? | integer exponent</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>fractional-constant::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? Integer</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>sign::= &#039;+&#039; | &#039;-&#039;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>name::= [^#x20#x9]+</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>integer::= [0-9]+</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>S::= (#x20 | #x9)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 11 - Enhanced geometry equation identifiers</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><p>Identifier</p></td><td><p>Description</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>bottom</p></td><td><p>The bottom position of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>hasfill</p></td><td><p>If the shape has a fill style, a value of 1 is used. If the shape has no fill style, a value of 0 is used. </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>hasstroke</p></td><td><p>If the shape has a line style, a value of 1 is used. If the shape has no line style, a value of 0 is used. </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>height</p></td><td><p>The height of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>left</p></td><td><p>The left position of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>logheight</p></td><td><p>The height in 1/100th mm as specified by the svg:height 19.543 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>logwidth</p></td><td><p>The width in 1/100th mm as specified by the svg:width 19.575 attribute is used. </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>right</p></td><td><p>The right position of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>top</p></td><td><p>The top position of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>width</p></td><td><p>The width of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>xstretch</p></td><td><p>The value of the draw:path-stretchpoint-x 19.204 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ystretch</p></td><td><p>The value of the draw:path-stretchpoint-y 19.205 attribute is used.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 12 - Functions Used in draw:formula</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><p>Function </p></td><td><p>Description</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>abs(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the absolute value of n</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>sqrt(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the positive square root of n</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>sin(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the trigonometric sine of n, where n is an angle specified in radians</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>cos(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the trigonometric cosine of n, where n is an angle specified in radians</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>tan(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the trigonometric tangent of n, where n is an angle specified in radians</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>atan(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the arc tangent of n in radians </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>min(x,y)</p></td><td><p>returns the smaller of two values </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>max(x,y)</p></td><td><p>returns the greater of two values </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>atan2(y,x)</p></td><td><p>returns the angle in radians of the vector (x,y) with the x-axis </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>if(c,x,y)</p></td><td><p>conditional testing: if c is greater than zero then the result of evaluating x is returned, otherwise the result of evaluating y is returned. </p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:formula attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:formula attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:frame-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-name attribute specifies the name of a frame. The name of a frame can be used as a target by hyperlinks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:glue-point-leaving-directions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:glue-point-leaving-directions attribute specifies a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of angles. The angles are listed in the same order as the glue points specified in the draw:glue-points attribute. 19.175</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:glue-point-leaving-directions attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:glue-point-leaving-directions attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:glue-point-type</h2>
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<p>The draw:glue-point-type attribute specifies a glue point type. If the draw:glue-points 19.175 attribute has a value, this attribute is ignored.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the draw:glue-point-type attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>none: there are no glue points, including default glue points.</li><li>rectangle: the middle of each side of the shape bound rectangle specifies an object specific glue point</li><li>segments: a connector will connect with each point of the draw:enhanced-path 19.145 attribute.</li></ul>
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<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
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<p>The draw:glue-point-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
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<p>The values of the draw:glue-point-type attribute are none, segments or rectangle.</p>
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<h2>draw:glue-points</h2>
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<p>The draw:glue-points attribute specifies a list of object-defined glue points. Unlike the user-defined glue points which are defined by the &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; sub-element, the position of an object-defined glue point can be defined using equations and modifiers.</p>
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<p>The first parameter specifies the horizontal position of the glue point.</p>
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<p>The second parameter specifies the vertical position of the glue point.</p>
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<p>Each parameter can be a floating-point number, or it can also have one of the following enhancements:</p>
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<ul><li>A “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a formula name. The result of the &lt;draw:equation&gt; element&#039;s draw:formula attribute whose draw:name attribute is the formula name that is used as the value. </li><li>If “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) precedes an integer value, the value is an index to a draw:modifiers attribute. The corresponding modifier value is used as parameter value.</li></ul>
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<p>The value of a draw:glue-points attribute is formally defined as:</p>
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<p>gluepoints::= gluepointsequence? <br/>gluepointsequence::= gluepoint ( &#039; &#039;+ gluepointsequence )* <br/>glue-point::= position &#039; &#039;+ position <br/>position::= formula | modifier | number <br/>formula::= &#039;?&#039; name <br/>modifier::= &#039;$&#039; integer <br/>number::= sign? float | sign? integer <br/>float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent <br/>fractional::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039; <br/>exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? integer <br/>sign::= &#039;+&#039;| &#039;-&#039; <br/>integer::= [0-9]+ <br/>name ::= [^ ]+ </p>
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<p>The draw:glue-points attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:glue-points attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-mirror-horizontal</h2>
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<p>The draw:handle-mirror-horizontal attribute specifies if the y position of a handle is mirrored.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the draw:handle-mirror-horizontal attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>false: the y position of a handle is not mirrored.</li><li>true: the y position of a handle is mirrored.</li></ul>
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<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
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<p>The draw:handle-mirror-horizontal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<p>The draw:handle-mirror-horizontal attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-mirror-vertical</h2>
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<p>The draw:handle-mirror-vertical attribute specifies if the x position of a handle is mirrored.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the draw:handle-mirror-vertical attribute are:</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the x position of a handle is not mirrored.</li><li>true: the x position of a handle is mirrored.</li></ul>
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<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-mirror-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<p>The draw:handle-mirror-vertical attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-polar</h2>
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<p>The draw:handle-polar attribute specifies that a handle is a polar handle. The syntax for this attribute is the same as for the draw:handle-position 19.179 attribute. The first parameter specifies the horizontal center position, the vertical center position is specified by the second parameter. If this attribute is set, the draw:handle-range-x-minimum 19.183, draw:handle-range-x-maximum 19.182, draw:handle-range-y-minimum 19.185 and draw:handle-range-y-maximum 19.184 attributes are ignored, and the draw:handle-radius-range-minimum 19.181 and draw:handle-radius-range-maximum 19.180 attributes are used.</p>
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<p>The draw:handle-polar attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<p>The draw:handle-polar attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-position</h2>
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<p>The draw:handle-position attribute specifies the position of a handle and consists of two values.</p>
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<p>Each value can be a floating-point number or it can have one of the following enhancements:</p>
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<ul><li>A “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a formula name. The result of the &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5 element&#039;s draw:formula 19.171 attribute whose draw:name 19.197.8 attribute is the formula name that is used as the value. </li><li>If “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) precedes an integer value, the value is an index to a draw:modifiers 19.196 attribute. The corresponding modifier value is used as parameter value.</li><li>Instead of a number a value can also be one of the following constants:</li></ul>
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<p>Table 13 - Handle position constants</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Constant</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>bottom</p></td><td><p>The bottom coordinate of the view box as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>hasfill</p></td><td><p>If the shape has a fill style, a value of 1 is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>hasstroke</p></td><td><p>If the shape has a line style, a value of 1 is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>height</p></td><td><p>The view box height as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>logheight</p></td><td><p>The height in 1/100th mm as specified by the svg:height 19.543 attribute is used. </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>logwidth</p></td><td><p>The width in 1/100th mm as specified by the svg:width 19.575 attribute is used. </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>left</p></td><td><p>The left coordinate of the view box as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>right</p></td><td><p>The right coordinate of the view box as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>top</p></td><td><p>The top coordinate of the view box as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>width</p></td><td><p>The view box width as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>xstretch</p></td><td><p>The value of the draw:path-stretchpoint-x 19.204 attribute is used.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ystretch</p></td><td><p>The value of the draw:path-stretchpoint-y 19.205 attribute is used.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>If the draw:handle-polar 19.178 attribute is not set, the first parameter of the draw:handle-position attribute specifies the horizontal handle position, the vertical handle position is described by the second parameter. If the draw:handle-polar attribute is set, then a handle is a polar handle and the first parameter of the draw:handle-position attribute specifies the angle (as defined in 18.3.1), the handle radius is specified by the second parameter.</p>
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<p>The value of a draw:handle-position attribute is formally defined as:</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>handleposition ::= position &#039; &#039;+ position <br/>position::= formula | modifier | constant | number <br/>formula::= &#039;?&#039; name <br/>modifier::= &#039;$&#039; integer <br/>constant::= &#039;left&#039; | &#039;top&#039; | &#039;right&#039; | &#039;bottom&#039; | <br/>&#039;xstretch&#039; | &#039;ystretch&#039; | &#039;hasstroke&#039; | &#039;hasfill &#039; | <br/>&#039;width&#039; | &#039;height&#039; | &#039;logwidth&#039; | &#039;logheight&#039; <br/>number::=sign? float | sign? integer <br/>float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent <br/>fractional::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039; <br/>exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? integer <br/>sign::= &#039;+&#039;| &#039;-&#039; <br/>integer::= [0-9]+ <br/>name ::= [^ ]+ </p>
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<p>The draw:handle-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<p>The draw:handle-position attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-radius-range-maximum</h2>
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<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-maximum attribute specifies the maximum radius range for a polar handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-radius-range-maximum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
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<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-maximum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-maximum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-radius-range-minimum</h2>
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<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-minimum attribute specifies the minimum radius range for a polar handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-radius-range-minimum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-minimum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-minimum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-range-x-maximum</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-maximum attribute specifies the horizontal maximum value of the range for movement of a handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-range-x-maximum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-maximum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-maximum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-range-x-minimum</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-minimum attribute specifies the horizontal minimum value of the range of movement of a handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-range-x-minimum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-minimum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-minimum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-range-y-maximum</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-maximum attribute specifies the vertical maximum value of the range for movement of a handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-range-y-maximum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-maximum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-maximum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-range-y-minimum</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-minimum attribute specifies the vertical minimum value of the range of movement of a handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-range-y-minimum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-minimum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-minimum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:handle-switched</h2>
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<p>The draw:handle-switched attribute specifies if handle directions are swapped if shape height exceeds shape width.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the draw:handle-switched attribute are:</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: handle directions are not switched when a shape&#039;s height exceeds its width.</li><li>true: handle directions are switched when a shape&#039;s height exceeds it width.</li></ul>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:handle-switched attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
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<p>The draw:handle-switched attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>draw:id</h2>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
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<p>The draw:id attribute specifies an identifier for an element.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
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<p>The draw:id attribute specifies an identifier for a glue point. See 10.3.16. The identifiers 0 to 3 are reserved for the four standard glue points of drawing objects. The glue points are numbered clockwise, starting at the top left corner edge of the shape.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:id attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt;, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;, &lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:g&gt;, &lt;draw:line&gt;, &lt;draw:measure&gt;, &lt;draw:page&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; and &lt;office:annotation&gt; Deprecated</h3>
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<p>The draw:id attribute specifies identifiers for draw elements.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a draw:id attribute if it occurs on a draw element with an xml:id attribute value.  </p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument producers may write draw:id attributes for any draw element in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of a draw:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same element. </p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
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<p>The draw:id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
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<h2>draw:kind</h2>
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<p>The draw:kind attribute specifies the appearance of a circle.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the draw:kind attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>arc: specifies a circle or ellipse arc, like <img src="media/Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="4039" data-pandoc-media-sha1="82fb4b938578f263e9ee9f772719a9b0bbf2786e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="2da37ff58bca9769227fe656efb12cf3e2650030" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/>.</li><li>cut: specifies a circle or ellipse with a cut, like <img src="media/Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="4500" data-pandoc-media-sha1="b7dd5059a42707fc5db4b88a1c6dcfe4f7885284" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0d95522ddf89a51044cccaebb9a76ff0f113afa2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/>.</li><li>full: specifies a full circle or ellipse, like <img src="media/Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="4547" data-pandoc-media-sha1="929fc743381ea5ca287cb6a1e7dd0298d75f8656" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="55479e6f37913be36abb8cb32618ec7f06e6886a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/>.</li><li>section: specifies a section of a circle or ellipse, like <img src="media/Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5931" data-pandoc-media-sha1="6dd293763eb8782a96220d5f592388110a214041" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="8c2a17a93280672075ed5592eeb3e3cb6c40c62e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/>.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is full.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:kind attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8 and &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:kind attribute are full, section, cut or arc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:layer</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:layer attribute specifies the name of a layer in the layer-set of a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The effect of this attribute is to assign a shape to a particular layer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:layer attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:layer attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:line-skew</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:line-skew attribute specifies a list of offsets for the placements of connector lines if the connector is of type standard. The offsets are relative to the default position of the connector, that is, the position of the lines if the draw:line-skew attribute is not present. The offsets are applied in the order from the connector&#039;s start to its end shape. The first offset is applied to the line that follows the line that is connected to the start shape. The last line to which an offset is applied is the line that precedes the line that is connected to the end shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For the application of the offsets the connector lines are interpreted as vectors from their start to their end point. Positive values move a line to the right, while negative values move it to the left. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:line-skew attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:line-skew attribute are one, two or three white space separated values of type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:mime-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:mime-type attribute specifies the MIME type of the media type that a plugin processes, or the MIME type of the image given by a &lt;draw:image&gt; element. Valid values for this attribute are those defined in accordance with §3.7 of [RFC2616], or registered in accordance with [RFC6838]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Additional information on MIME media types can be found at [MIMETYPES]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:mime-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4 and &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:mime-type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:mirror-horizontal</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:mirror-horizontal attribute specifies if the horizontal geometry of a shape is to be mirrored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:mirror-horizontal attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: horizontal geometry of a shape is not mirrored.</li><li>true: horizontal geometry of a shape is mirrored.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:mirror-horizontal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:mirror-horizontal attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:mirror-vertical</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:mirror-vertical attribute specifies if the vertical geometry of a shape is to be mirrored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:mirror-vertical attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: vertical geometry of a shape is not mirrored.</li><li>true: vertical geometry of a shape is mirrored.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:mirror-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:mirror-vertical attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:master-page-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:master-page-name attribute specifies the name of a master page assigned to a drawing page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:master-page-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:master-page-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:may-script</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:may-script attribute specifies whether an applet can be modified by scripts. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:may-script attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: applet cannot be modified by scripts.</li><li>true: applet can be modified by scripts.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:may-script attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:may-script attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:modifiers</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:modifiers attribute contains list of modifier values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of a draw:modifiers attribute is formally defined as:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>modifiers::= numbersequence? <br/>numbersequence::= number ( &#039; &#039;+ numbersequence )* <br/>number::= sign? float | sign? integer <br/>float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent <br/>fractional::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039; <br/>exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? integer <br/>sign::= &#039;+&#039;| &#039;-&#039; <br/>integer::= [0-9]+ </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:modifiers attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:modifiers attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies names that are used for referencing graphical elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:caption&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:circle&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:connector&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:control&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:control&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:equation&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:frame&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:g&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:g&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:hatch&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:layer&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:line&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:line&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:marker&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:marker&gt; 16.42.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:measure&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:page&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:page&gt; element can be referenced. The name shall be unique within the document instance. If the attribute is not present, a consumer may generate a unique name. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:param&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies the name of a run-time parameter. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:param&gt; 10.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:path&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

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<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:path&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:polygon&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:polyline&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:rect&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name for an &lt;office:annotation&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has been deprecated in favor of the office:name attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SVG gradients are referenced by the name assigned to them by use of the draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120 attribute within a graphic style. SVG gradients cannot be referenced by a draw:opacity-name 20.153 attribute. The result of referencing a SVG gradient with a draw:fill-gradient-name attribute and an opacity gradient with a draw:opacity-name attribute at the same time is unspecified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SVG gradients are referenced by the name assigned to them by use of the draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120 attribute within a graphic style. SVG gradients cannot be referenced by a draw:opacity-name 20.153 attribute. The result of referencing a SVG gradient with a draw:fill-gradient-name attribute and an opacity gradient with a draw:opacity-name attribute at the same time is unspecified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:nav-order</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:nav-order attribute defines a navigation sequence for the graphical elements included in a &lt;draw:page&gt; element. Its value is a sequence of IDREFs. It shall include all graphic elements in the page that are not contained within a &lt;draw:g&gt; element. Any &lt;draw:g&gt; elements are included in that list as a single graphical element. </p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute is the ordering of graphics as set by the document author.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The ordering within any &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15 element is set by the value of its draw:z-index 19.231 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:nav-order attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:nav-order attribute has the data type IDREFS 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:nohref</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:nohref attribute specifies that an image map element and its associated area are inactive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:nohref attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5 and &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The only value of the draw:nohref attribute is nohref.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges attribute specifies that a &lt;draw:object&gt; will be notified if content within a given ranges changes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>a list of cell ranges.</li><li>a table name.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a table name is specified, the &lt;draw:object&gt; element is notified if any of the table&#039;s cells change. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges attribute are a value of type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6 or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:object</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:object attribute is equivalent to the object attribute of an &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. See. §13.4 of [HTML4].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:object attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:object attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:opacity</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:opacity attribute specifies the opacity for an image or graphic object. The defined value range for the draw:opacity attribute is 0% to 100%, where 0% is fully transparent and 100% is fully opaque.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use of the draw:opacity attribute disables any transparency effect and set the opacity for the fill area of a graphic object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:opacity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:opacity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:page-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:page-number attribute specifies the number of a page that is displayed as a thumbnail. For thumbnails on notes pages, the value of this attribute is fixed to the drawing page of a notes page. For thumbnails on handout master pages, the value of this attribute is the order in which the pages are previewed on the handout.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:page-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:page-number attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-x attribute specifies that a drawing shape is stretched horizontally. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If specified, and if the x/y aspect ratio of the svg:viewBox 19.574 is lower than the x/y aspect ratio of the shape size then the whole path is stretched horizontally at draw:path-stretchpoint-x. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stretching is done by:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>intersecting the path vertically at draw:path-stretchpoint-x.</li><li>moving the right path fragments to the right border of the drawing shape, using its original aspect ratio. The left path fragment remains unmodified at the left border of drawing the shape </li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-x attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-y attribute specifies that a drawing shape is stretched vertically. If the x/y aspect ratio of the svg:viewBox 19.574 is greater than the x/y aspect ratio of the shape size then the whole path is stretched vertically at draw:path-stretchpoint-y. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stretching is done by: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>intersecting the path horizontally at draw:path-stretchpoint-y. </li><li>moving the bottom path fragments to the bottom border of the drawing shape, using its original aspect ratio. </li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The top path fragment remains unmodified at the top border of drawing the shape </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-y attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:points</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:points attribute stores a sequence of points, which are connected by straight lines. Each point consists of two coordinates. The coordinates are separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) and the points are separated by white spaces. The coordinates are relative to the coordinate system established by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:points attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5 and &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:points attribute has the data type points 18.3.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:protected</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:protected attribute specifies if drawing objects in a layer are protected from modification.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:protected attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: objects in a layer are not protected from modification.</li><li>true: objects in a layer are protected from modification.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:recreate-on-edit</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:recreate-on-edit attribute specifies if the contour of an image or object should be recreated automatically when the image or object is edited.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:recreate-on-edit attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the contour of an image or object is not recreated automatically if the image or object is edited.</li><li>true: the contour of an image or object is recreated automatically if the image or object is edited.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:recreate-on-edit attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3 and &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:recreate-on-edit attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:rotation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:rotation attribute specifies the rotation angle of a hatch axis. The direction is clockwise, 0 degrees is the vertical axis. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:rotation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:rotation attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:shape-id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shape-id attribute identifies the shape to which an effect defined by a presentation shape effect element is applied.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shape-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:dim&gt; 10.8.7, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:play&gt; 10.8.8, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shape-id attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:sharpness</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:sharpness attribute is only evaluated for a &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 element that has the attribute draw:concave=&quot;true&quot;. In this case, the outline of the drawing object is based on a basic model of a star-shaped polygon, where the corner points are alternately located on two concentric circles, a primary and a secondary circle. The number of points in the number as specified with the draw:corners 19.128 attribute are evenly distributed on the primary circle. Let <em>M</em> be the center of the circle, and let <em>P</em> and <em>Q</em> be two adjacent points on the primary circle, and <em>R</em> the center of the shorter of the two arcs <em>PQ</em>. Now find the point <em>T</em> with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="italic">MT</mi><mo stretchy="true">⃗</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="italic">MR</mi><mo stretchy="true">⃗</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">widevec MT = widevec MR cdot ( 1-s% )</annotation></semantics></math> on the connecting line of points M and R, where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>s</mi><mtext>%</mtext></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">s"%"</annotation></semantics></math> is the value of the draw:sharpness attribute. The radius of the secondary circle is such that T lies on this secondary circle. The points <em>P</em> and <em>T</em> and the points <em>T</em> and <em>Q</em> are then connected by straight sections. With an odd value of draw:corners the first corner point is located at top of the primary circle, with an even value at top of the secondary circle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The drawing object has twice as many corners points in all as specified in the attribute draw:corners.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>s</mi><mtext>%</mtext></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">s"%"</annotation></semantics></math> of the draw:sharpness attribute is a percent value. The special case 0% means that primary and secondary circle are identical. The special case 100% means that the secondary circle degenerates to a point, the center point of the polygon. The value of the draw:sharpness attribute may be negative and may be greater than 100%. Note that for small absolute value of the draw:sharpness attribute, the described polygon is in fact convex.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The basic model is scaled—thereby the circle might become an ellipse, so that the bounding box of the polygon has the width and height as specified in the svg:width 19.575 and svg:height 19.543 attributes of the &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><img src="media/Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" alt="" data-pandoc-source-format="wmf" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-type="application/octet-stream" data-pandoc-media-bytes="403348" data-pandoc-media-sha1="2959d21e60430c74c07369aa54fa9ac9de20cf16" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="f1387f7a7dc858e81f570df74ec46866f8cca78d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="application/octet-stream" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/>Note: Because of intercept theorems the equation <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="italic">MT</mi><mo stretchy="true">⃗</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="italic">MR</mi><mo stretchy="true">⃗</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">widevec {MT} = widevec {MR} cdot left(1-s"%" right)</annotation></semantics></math> is valid for the scaled outline too.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:sharpness attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:sharpness attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:start</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start attribute specifies the start value for the &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element, which interpolates between the value of this attribute and draw:end 19.139. The defined value range for the draw:start attribute is 0% to 100%, where 0% is transparent and 100% is opaque.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:start-angle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-angle attribute specifies the start angle of a section, cut, or arc for circles where the draw:kind 19.188 attribute value is section, cut or arc. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-angle attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8 and &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:start-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-color attributes specifies the start value for the &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element, which interpolates between the value of this attribute and draw:end-color 19.141.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:start-glue-point</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-glue-point attribute identifies the glue point in a shape where a connector starts by its number. See 10.3.16. Glue point numbers are defined by the draw:id attributes of the glue point elements &lt;draw:glue-point&gt;. See 19.187.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the connector is not connected to a shape, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-glue-point attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-glue-point attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:start-intensity</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-intensity attribute specifies the intensity of the gradient&#039;s start color as a percentage value. If it is not specified, the color is used at 100% intensity. The defined value range for the draw:start-intensity attribute is 0% to 100%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-intensity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-intensity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:start-shape</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-shape attribute specifies a drawing shape to which the start of a connector is connected by its ID.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-shape attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-shape attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style attribute specifies the rendering of graphic objects. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style attribute specifies a rendering for a gradient. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:style attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>axial: defines a bi-linear gradient that is also known as a reflected gradient or mirrored linear gradient. It is created as a linear gradient that is mirrored (or reflected) along its axis.</li><li>ellipsoid: defines a gradient where the colors are blend along the radius from the center of an ellipsoid as defined by the draw:cx 19.129 and draw:cy 19.130 attributes. The length of the semi major-axis is the width of the filled area and the length of the semi-minor axis is the height of the filled area. The area outside the ellipse is filled with the end color. </li><li>linear: defines a gradient where the colors blend along the linear axis of the gradient. The axis of the gradient is specified with the draw:angle 19.112 attribute clockwise to the vertical axis.</li><li>radial: defines a gradient where the colors are blend along the radius from the center of a circle as defined with the draw:cx and draw:cy attributes. The outside of the circle is filled with the end color.</li><li>rectangle: defines a gradient that produces a rectangular blend from the center of the rectangle to the shortest of the 4 borders. The center of the rectangle is defined with the attributes draw:cx and draw:cy. The width of the rectangle is the width of the filled area, the height of the rectangle is the height of the filled area. The outside of the square is filled with the end color. </li><li>square: defines a gradient that produces a square blend, imitating the visual perspective in a corridor or the aerial view of a pyramid. Also known as &quot;box gradient&quot; and &quot;pyramidal gradient&quot;. The center of the square is defined with the draw:cx and draw:cy attributes. The width and height of the square is the minimum value of either the width or the height of the filled area. The outside of the square is filled with the end color. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:style attribute are linear, axial, radial, ellipsoid, square or rectangular.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style attribute specifies a rendering for a hatch. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:style attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>double: defines a hatch that is made of a set of parallel lines along the axis of the hatch and a set of parallel lines perpendicular to the axis of the hatch. </li><li>single: defines a hatch that is made of parallel lines along the axis of the hatch. </li><li>triple: defines a hatch that is made of a set of parallel lines along the axis of the hatch, a set of parallel lines perpendicular to the axis of the hatch and a set of lines along 45 degree clockwise to the axis of the hatch. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:style attribute are single, double or triple.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style attribute specifies the transparency of a graphic object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:style attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>axial: 19.218.2</li><li>ellipsoid: 19.218.2</li><li>linear: 19.218.2</li><li>rectangle: 19.218.2</li><li>square: 19.218.2</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The transparency of an object is blended in contrast to the blending of colors described for draw:style on &lt;draw:gradient&gt;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:style attribute are linear, axial, radial, ellipsoid, square or rectangular.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style attribute specifies a rendering for a stroke-dash. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a shape if its style does not contain an svg:stroke-linecap 20.171 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:style attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>rect: dash has a rectangular shape. </li><li>round: dash has a round shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:style attribute are rect or round.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 element whose whose style:family 19.480 attribute value varies depending upon the element where it appears. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:control&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:g&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:line&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:page&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:path&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:text-areas</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-areas attribute specifies up to two text areas. If the attribute specifies one text area, this text area is used to position and align the text. If the attribute specifies two text areas, the second text area is used if a style that is assigned to the text has a style:writing-mode 20.404 attribute with value tb-rl or tb. Otherwise, the first text area is used. If the draw:text-areas attribute is omitted, the entire area of the shape is used to position and align the text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An area consists of four parameters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The first parameter specifies the left side of a text area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The second parameter specifies the top side of a text area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The third parameter specifies the right side of a text area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fourth parameter specifies the bottom side of a text area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A parameter can also have one of the following enhancements:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a formula name. The result of the &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5 element&#039;s draw:formula 19.171 attribute whose draw:name 19.197 attribute is the formula name that is used as the value. </li><li>If “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) precedes an integer value, the value is an index to a draw:modifiers 19.196 attribute. The corresponding modifier value is used as the parameter value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of a draw:text-areas attribute is formally defined as:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>textareas::= textareasequence <br/>textareasequence ::= textarea ( &#039; &#039;+ textarea )? <br/>textarea::= position &#039; &#039;+ position &#039; &#039;+ position &#039; &#039;+ position <br/>position::= formula | modifier | number <br/>formula::= &#039;?&#039; name <br/>modifier::= &#039;$&#039; integer <br/>number::= sign? float | sign? integer <br/>float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent <br/>fractional::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039; <br/>exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? integer <br/>sign::= &#039;+&#039;| &#039;-&#039; <br/>integer::= [0-9]+ <br/>name ::= [^ ]+ </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-areas attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-areas attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:text-path</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path attribute specifies if text is displayed on a text path.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:text-path attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text is not displayed on a text path.</li><li>true: text is displayed on a text path.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:text-path-allowed</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path-allowed attribute specifies whether the user interface of a consumer that supports the draw:text-path 19.221 attribute should allow modification of the value of the draw:text-path attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:text-path-allowed attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the value of the draw:text-path attribute should not be modifiable by the user interface.</li><li>true: the value of the draw:text-path attribute should be modifiable by the user interface.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path-allowed attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path-allowed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:text-path-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path-mode attribute specifies how text is drawn on a path.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:text-path-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>normal: text is drawn along the path without scaling;</li><li>path: text is fitted to a path;</li><li>shape: text is fitted to the bounding box of a shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is normal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:text-path-mode attribute are normal, path or shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:text-path-same-letter-heights</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path-same-letter-heights attribute specifies if all letters in a custom shape have the same height.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:text-path-same-letter-heights attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: letters in a custom shape need not have the same height.</li><li>true: letters in a custom shape have the same height.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path-same-letter-heights attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path-same-letter-heights attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:text-path-scale</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path-scale attribute specifies the scaling of a text path.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:text-path-scale attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>path: text scaling is determined by the length of the path from the draw:enhanced-path 19.145 attribute.</li><li>shape: text scaling is determined by the width of a shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is path.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-path-scale attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:text-path-scale attribute are path or shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:text-rotate-angle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-rotate-angle attribute specifies the angle by which text within a custom shape is rotated in addition to the rotation included in the shape&#039;s draw:transform 19.228 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-rotate-angle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-rotate-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:text-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-style-name attribute specifies a style for formatting of text in a shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute is the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 element with a style:family 19.480 attribute value of paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:text-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:transform</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:transform attribute specifies a list of transformations that can be applied to a drawing shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute is a list of transform definitions, which are applied to the drawing shape in the order in which they are listed. The transform definitions in the list shall be separated by a white space and/or a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). Unless otherwise stated, the parameters of the transform definitions are double values (18.2) </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined transforms are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>matrix(<em>&lt;a&gt;</em> <em>&lt;b&gt;</em> <em>&lt;c&gt;</em> <em>&lt;d&gt;</em> <em>&lt;e&gt;</em> <em>&lt;f&gt;</em>), specifies a transformation in the form of a transformation matrix of six values. &quot;The values describe a standard 3x2 homogeneous transformation matrix in column-major order, where the right column (<em>&lt;e&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;f&gt;</em>) describes the translation. </li><li>rotate(<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em>), specifies a rotation by <em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees about the origin of the shape’s coordinate system.</li><li>scale(<em>&lt;sx&gt;</em> [<em>&lt;sy&gt;</em>]), specifies a scale operation by <em>&lt;sx&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;sy&gt;</em>. If <em>&lt;sy&gt;</em> is not provided, it is assumed to be equal to <em>&lt;sx&gt;</em>.</li><li>skewX(&lt;<em>skew-angle&gt;</em>), specifies a skew transformation by <em>&lt;skew-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the x-axis.</li><li>skewY(<em>&lt;skew-angle&gt;</em>), specifies a skew transformation by <em>&lt;skew-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the y-axis.</li><li>translate(<em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> [<em>&lt;ty&gt;</em>]), specifies a translation by <em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;ty&gt;,</em> where <em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;ty&gt;</em> are lengths (18.3.18). If <em>&lt;ty&gt;</em> is not provided, it is assumed to be zero.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:transform attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:transform attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:type attribute specifies a drawing type. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:type attribute specifies the line or series of lines that connect two glue points.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>curve: a curve connector draws a single curved line between the two glue points of the connected objects.</li><li>line: a line connector draws one straight line between the two glue points of the connected objects.</li><li>lines: a lines connector leaves two connecting objects with straight lines and connects them with a straight (not necessarily perpendicular) line.</li><li>standard: a standard connector leaves two connecting objects with straight lines and connects them with one or more straight perpendicular lines that do not intersect the connected shapes&#039; bounding boxes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;draw:connector&gt; element the default value for this attribute is standard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:type attribute are standard, lines, line or curve.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:type attribute specifies the name of a shape type that is rendering engine dependent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>non-primitive: no shape type is available.</li><li>a value of type string: a rendering-engine-specific name of a shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute shall not influence the geometry of the shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The shape type can be used to offer specialized user interfaces for classes of shapes, for example for arrows, smileys, etc.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element the default value for this attribute is non-primitive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:type attribute are non-primitive or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:value attribute specifies the value of a run-time parameter specified by a draw:name 19.197 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:param&gt; 10.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:z-index</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:z-index attribute defines a rendering order for shapes in a document instance. In the absence of this attribute, shapes are rendered in the order in which they appear in the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:z-index values increase from back to front.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a shape on which the style:run-through 20.351 attribute with value foreground is in effect, producers should not generate a draw:z-index value that is smaller than the value of any draw:z-index on a shape on which the style:run-through attribute with value background is in effect.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Producers shall not generate a draw:z-index for shapes that are children of a &lt;draw:g&gt; element 10.3.15 or a &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:z-index attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:z-index attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:column-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:column-count attribute specifies the number of columns in a section.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:column-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:column-count attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:column-gap</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:column-gap attribute specifies the gap between columns for &lt;style:columns&gt; elements that do not contain individual &lt;style:column&gt; elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This attribute has the same name as an [XSL] property but it is attached to a different element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:column-gap attribute does not support inherit and percentage values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:column-gap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:column-gap attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:country</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:country attribute specifies the country code used for sorting an alphabetical index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:country attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:country attribute specifies the country code used for sorting a bibliographic index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:country attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:end-indent</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:end-indent attribute specifies the right space of a column. Together with the fo:start-indent attribute of an immediately adjacent and following column, it establishes the gap between the columns. 19.245</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.10.8 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:end-indent attribute does not support inherit and percentage values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:end-indent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:end-indent attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:language</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.9.2 of [XSL]. Compared to the XSL language attribute, the value range of this attribute is extended to additional parts of ISO 639. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a fo:country 20.188 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:language attribute does not support inherit and none values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:language attribute specifies the language code used for sorting an alphabetical index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:language attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:language attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:language attribute specifies the language code used for sorting a bibliographic index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:language attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:language attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:margin-left</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.10.3 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:margin-left attribute specifies the left margins for the text lines of a list item. The attribute has the same meaning as the formatting property attribute fo:margin-left. 20.207 Its value is only considered for paragraphs inside a list item whose paragraph styles do not specify a fo:text-indent attribute or a fo:margin-left attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:margin-left attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:margin-left attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:max-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.14.6 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:max-height attribute specifies the maximum height of a text box when the minimum height has been set using the fo:min-height 20.212 attribute. When this maximum value is reached, the text box stops increasing in height. The units of measure for this attribute shall match those used for the corresponding fo:min-height attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the anchor for the text box is in a table cell, a percentage value is relative to the size of the surrounding table cell. If the anchor for the text box is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the size of the surrounding text box. In other cases, percentage values are relative to the width or height of the page or window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:max-height attribute does not support the none value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:max-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:max-height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:max-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.14.7 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:max-width attribute specifies the maximum width of a text box when the minimum width have been set using the fo:min-width 20.213 attribute. When this maximum value is reached, the text box stops increasing in width. The units of measure for this attribute shall match those used for the corresponding fo:min-width attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the anchor for the text box is in a table cell, a percentage value is relative to the size of the surrounding table cell. If the anchor for the text box is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the size of the surrounding text box. In other cases, percentage values are relative to the width or height of the page or window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:max-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:max-width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:min-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.14.8 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If set, it overrides the height of a text box specified by the svg:height 19.543 attribute of the surrounding &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the anchor for a text box is in a table cell, a percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the text box is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, percentage values are relative to the height of the page or window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:min-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:min-height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:min-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.14.9 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If set, it overrides the width of a text box specified by the svg:width 20.413 attribute of the surrounding &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the anchor for a text box is in a table cell, a percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for a text box is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, percentage values are relative to the height of the page or window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:min-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:min-width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:script</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.9.3 of [XSL]. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors. The attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a fo:language attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:script attribute does not support inherit and none values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:script attribute specifies the script code used for sorting an alphabetical index. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:script attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:script attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:script attribute specifies the script code used for sorting a bibliographic index. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:script attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:script attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:space-after</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.10.6 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:space-after attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:space-after attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:space-before</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.10.5 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:space-before attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:space-before attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:start-indent</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.10.7 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:start-indent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:start-indent attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:text-indent</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-indent attribute specifies the indent for the text lines of a list item. The attribute has the same meaning as the formatting property attribute fo:text-indent. See 20.225 It is used for paragraphs inside list items whose paragraph styles do not specify an fo:text-indent or fo:margin-left attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value fo:text-indent + fo:margin-left specifies the indent of the first text line of the list item. This position is also the alignment position for the list label, because the value of text:min-label-width is treated as 0. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-indent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-indent attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:allow-deletes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:allow-deletes attribute specifies whether data records can be deleted by a form. It applies only if a form is data-aware.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:allow-deletes attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: records cannot be deleted by a form.</li><li>true: records can be deleted by a form.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:allow-deletes attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:allow-deletes attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:allow-inserts</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:allow-inserts attribute specifies whether new data records can be inserted by a form. It applies only if the form is data-aware.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:allow-inserts attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: records cannot be inserted by a form.</li><li>true: records can be inserted by a form.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:allow-inserts attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:allow-inserts attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:allow-updates</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:allow-updates attribute specifies whether data records in the form can be updated. It applies only if the form is data-aware.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:allow-updates attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: records cannot be updated by a form.</li><li>true: records can be updated by a form.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:allow-updates attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:allow-updates attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:apply-design-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:apply-design-mode attribute specifies whether forms are presented in editable or non-editable state.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: forms in document presented in completed state </li><li>true: forms in document presented in editable state </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:apply-design-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:apply-design-mode attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:apply-filter</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:apply-filter attribute specifies whether the filter clause specified by the form:filter 19.273 attribute is applied to the SQL command constituting the form&#039;s result set. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:apply-filter attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the filter clause specified by the form:filter attribute is not applied to the SQL command constituting the form&#039;s result set.</li><li>true: the filter clause specified by the form:filter attribute is applied to the SQL command constituting the form&#039;s result set.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:apply-filter attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:apply-filter attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:auto-complete</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:auto-complete attribute specifies , when the user enters text in the combo box that matches the beginning of a list item in the combo box, whether the consumer completes the text with the matched item. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:auto-complete attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: completion of text is not enabled.</li><li>true: completion of text is enabled.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:auto-complete attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:auto-complete attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:automatic-focus</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:automatic-focus attribute specifies whether the consumer loading the document should set the focus to a form control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:automatic-focus attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the consumer does not set the focus to a form control, but to the document view. In this case, the user can start editing the document content. </li><li>true: the consumer sets the focus to a form control after loading the document. In this case, the user can immediately start editing the form control content. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: If the &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2 element and its sub-elements define multiple form controls, it is not defined as to which form control receives focus.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:automatic-focus attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:automatic-focus attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:bound-column</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:bound-column attribute specifies the column values of the list source result set that are used to fill the data field values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:list-source and form:list-source-type attributes together define an SQL command to execute against the database to which the control&#039;s form is bound. The result set of the execution of this SQL command is the list source result set. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:bound-column attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:bound-column attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:button-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:button-type attribute specifies the type of a button. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:button-type attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>push: pressing the button does not perform any action by default. A user can add scripts to a button and the script will run when the button is pressed.</li><li>reset: pressing the button resets every control in the form to its default value.</li><li>submit: pressing the button submits the form.</li><li>url: pressing the button loads the IRI that is specified in the xlink:href 19.916 attribute.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is push.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:button-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15 and &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:button-type attribute are submit, reset, push or url.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:command</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:command attribute specifies a command to execute on a data source.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value is interpreted differently, depending to the value of the form:command-type 19.257 attribute of the form. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:command attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:command attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:command-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:command-type attribute specifies the type of command to execute on a data source. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values of the form:command-type attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>command: the command contains an SQL statement. The form executes the SQL statement.</li><li>query: the command contains the name of query. The form retrieves the query and executes its SQL statement.</li><li>table: the command contains a table name. The form executes an SQL statement that retrieves all of the data in the table.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The attribute value query is only meaningful if the form:datasource 19.264 attribute specifies a data source name or a database front-end document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is command.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:command-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:command-type attribute are table, query or command.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:control-implementation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:control-implementation attribute specifies a rendition or implementation of a control that should be created. If the consumer supports the form element this attribute is used with, but does not support the specific concrete rendition or implementation, the consumer shall ignore the form:control-implementation attribute and use its own rendition of the form element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:control-implementation attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:control-implementation attribute has the data type namespacedToken 18.3.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:convert-empty-to-null</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:convert-empty-to-null attribute specifies whether empty current values are treated as NULL.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:convert-empty-to-null attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: an empty string in the control is treated as an empty string.</li><li>true: an empty string in the control is treated as a NULL value. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:convert-empty-to-null attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:convert-empty-to-null attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:current-selected</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:current-selected attribute specifies the state of a radio button or option control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:current-selected attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: radio button or option control is not selected.</li><li>true: radio button or option control is selected. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:current-selected attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:current-selected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:current-state</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:current-state attribute specifies the state of a check box control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:current-state attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>checked: The check box is checked. The value of the control is submitted with the form.</li><li>unchecked: The check box is not checked.</li><li>unknown: This value is available only if the form:is-tristate 19.281 attribute for a &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17 element is true. It indicates that a check box control is neither checked nor unchecked.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:current-state attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:current-state attribute are unchecked, checked or unknown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:current-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:current-value attribute specifies the current status of an input control. It overrides the value of a form:value attribute, if one is present.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value types for form:current-value attribute values are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>&lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11: string.</li><li>&lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8: date.</li><li>&lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5: string. </li><li>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6: string. </li><li>&lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7: double.</li><li>&lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2: string.</li><li>&lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3: string. </li><li>&lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9: time.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:current-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:current-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:data-field</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:data-field attribute specifies the name of a column in the result set defined by a (data-aware) form. A control interchanges content with its column when: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>the current row of a form changes: the control is initialized with the value from its column. </li><li>the user changes the content of a control: this changed value is written back to its column.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: consumers may delay this write-back, for instance until the control loses the focus, instead of updating the column value with every change in the control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:data-field attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:data-field attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:datasource</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:datasource attribute specifies the name of a data source to use for a form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:datasource attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>An IRI specifying a database connection.</li><li>A data source name that a consumer can use to establish a database connection.</li><li>The IRI of an OpenDocument database front-end document.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The data source name is a programmatic name for a database front end document which allows it to reference data sources regardless of their real location. The mapping from data source names to specific instances of database front end documents is implementation-defined. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:datasource attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:datasource attribute are a value of type anyIRI 18.3.2 or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:default-button</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:default-button attribute specifies whether a button is the default button on a form. If a user clicks 19.406 the default button or presses the Return key while an input control is focused, the consumer takes the same action.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If multiple buttons with form:default-button attributes with values of true are present in a form, it is implementation-defined which button is the default for the form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:default-button attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: button is not the default button for a form.</li><li>true: button is the default button for a form. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:default-button attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:default-button attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:delay-for-repeat</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:delay-for-repeat attribute specifies a time-out to be used before a pressed mouse button results in repeating an action. The form:delay-for-repeat attribute is ignored unless a form:repeat 19.302 attribute is present, and evaluates to true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is PT0.050S.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:delay-for-repeat attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:delay-for-repeat attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:detail-fields</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:detail-fields attribute specifies the names of the columns in contained forms that are related to columns in a containing form. The columns are used as parameters in the command for the contained form to retrieve the details from its containing form. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute contains a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of field names.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:detail-fields attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:detail-fields attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:disabled</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:disabled attribute specifies whether a control can accept user input. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Controls that are disabled are not included in the tabbing navigation sequence and cannot be focused.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:disabled attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: a control cannot accept user input.</li><li>true: a control can accept user input. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:disabled attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:disabled attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:dropdown</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:dropdown attribute specifies whether a list in a &lt;form:combobox&gt; or &lt;form:listbox&gt; element is always visible or is only visible when the user clicks 19.406 the drop-down button. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:dropdown attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: list is visible only when a user selects a drop-down button.</li><li>true: list is always visible. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:dropdown attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11 and &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:dropdown attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:echo-char</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:echo-char attribute specifies the character that a form uses to mask text that a user inputs in a password control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is “*” (U+002A, ASTERISK).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:echo-char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:echo-char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:enctype</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:enctype attribute, when the value of the form:method 19.291 attribute is post, specifies the content type used to submit the form to the server.  Other MIME types may be acceptable. See §17.3.4 of [HTML4].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is application/x-www-form-urlencoded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:enctype attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:enctype attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:escape-processing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:escape-processing attribute, when the value of the form:command-type 19.257 attribute is command, specifies whether the consumer processes the command before passing it to a database driver.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:escape-processing attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: consumer does not process commands before passing them to a database driver.</li><li>true: consumer does process commands before passing them to a database driver. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:escape-processing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:escape-processing attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:filter</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:filter attribute specifies a filter for the SQL clause determined by the form:command-type 19.257 and form:command 19.256 attributes. If that SQL statement contains a filter (WHERE clause), the filter specified by the attribute value is conjunctively added to the existing filter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The filter is only applied if the form:apply-filter attribute has the value true. 19.251.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This allows OpenDocument consumers to toggle a filter on and off without losing the content of the form:filter attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:filter attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:filter attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:focus-on-click</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:focus-on-click attribute specifies if a &lt;form:button&gt; element is given the focus in a form when the form button control for that element is operated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:focus-on-click attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: element not given focus.</li><li>true: element given focus.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:focus-on-click attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:focus-on-click attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:for</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:for attribute specifies a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of xml:ids of control elements that are the targets of the elements where this attribute appears. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:for attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10 and &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:for attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:id (deprecated) </h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:id attribute specifies an identifier for a control element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a form:id attribute if it occurs on an element with an xml:id attribute value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument producers may write form:id attributes for elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of a form:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:ignore-result</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:ignore-result attribute specifies whether to discard all results that are retrieved from an underlying data source. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:ignore-result attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: data from query of data source not discarded.</li><li>true: data from query of data source is discarded. Only new data can be inserted into a data source.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:ignore-result attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:ignore-result attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:image-align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:image-align attribute specifies which border (start, end) or axis (center) of an image and a text are to be aligned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:image-align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>center: image and text are centered.</li><li>end: image and text are aligned on the end of the image.</li><li>start: image and text are aligned on the start of the image.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a form:image-align attribute is not present, it is assumed to be center. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is center.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:image-align attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:image-align attribute are start, center or end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:image-data</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:image-data attribute specifies the location of a file containing image data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:image-data attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16 and &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:image-data attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:image-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the form:image-position attribute specifies the location of an image relative to the text of a control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:image-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>bottom: image is placed below the text.</li><li>center: image centered relative to the text.</li><li>end: image is placed after the text.</li><li>start: image is placed before the text.</li><li>top: image is placed above the text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is center.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:image-position attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:is-tristate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:is-tristate attribute specifies a check box can have the values of checked, unchecked and unknown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:is-tristate attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: a check box can only have the values of checked and unchecked.</li><li>true: a check box can have the values of checked, unchecked and unknown. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:is-tristate attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:is-tristate attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:label</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:label attribute specifies the text for a control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:label attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:item&gt; 13.5.12, &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:label attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:linked-cell</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:linked-cell attribute specifies a table cell to which the form control content should be linked. Linking means that the cell value and control content are equal at all times.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table cell to link the control to can be specified as a cellAddress, or as a named cell range. In the latter case, if the named range contains more than one cell, the cell in the first row and first column of the range is linked to the form control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the attribute value matches the name of a named range as well as a cell address, it is interpreted as the name of a named range. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:linked-cell attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:linked-cell attribute are a value of type cellAddress 18.3.4 or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:list-linkage-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:list-linkage-type attribute specifies how a control defined by a &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13 elements interacts with a linked table cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:list-linkage-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>selection: The text selected in the control is propagated to its linked cell. If text is entered into a cell linked to a &lt;form:listbox&gt; element, the list item whose label matches the cell text is selected, or all items are deselected if no such item exists.</li><li>selection-indices: If a list item is selected in the control, its index value on a 1-based index is propagated to its its linked cell. If the value in the linked cell changes, the control should select the list item with the index described by the cell value, or deselect all items if the cell value cannot be interpreted as integer value, or does not specify a valid list index item.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:list-linkage-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:list-linkage-type attribute are selection or selection-indices.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:list-source</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:list-source attribute specifies a source for the list entries in a list or combo box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Obtaining those list entries may be a multi-step process. The process depends upon the value of the form:list-source-type attribute on the same element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the form:list-source-type 19.286 attribute has the value value-list, the content of the form:list-source attribute is ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In all other cases, the content of the form:list-source attribute is resolved relative to a database connection or database front-end document. The &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3 element containing the control defines this database connection or document by its form:datasource 19.264 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>For retrieving the list entries depending on the form:list-source-type attribute, the following algorithms are to be used: </li><li>If the form:list-source-type attribute has the value table-fields, the form:list-source attribute specifies the name of a database table. The names of the columns of this table, in the order as returned by the database driver, are used as list entries.</li><li>For all other values of form:list-source-type, the value of the form:list-source attribute is used to create a result set. For this, the first step is to transform the value of the form:list-source attribute into an SQL command as follows: </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>sql, sql-pass-through: The SQL command is the content of the form:list-source attribute.</li><li>query: The form:list-source attribute specifies the name of a query object in the database, whose underlying SQL command is to be used. </li><li>table: The form:list-source attribute specifies the name of a database table, and the SQL command is the default SQL command to select all data from that table. This is &quot;SELECT * FROM &lt;table_name&gt;&quot;, but consumers may find it necessary to add escape characters to a table name, if required by the database driver.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In a next step, the obtained SQL command is executed against the database. If the form:list-source-type attribute has the value sql-pass-through or query, and if the db:escape-processing 19.51 attribute of the referred query has the value false, then the SQL command shall be passed directly to the database driver, without being interpreted and modified or normalized by the consumer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This execution produces a two-dimensional homogeneous result set, whose first-column values form the entry list to be used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:list-source attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11 and &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:list-source attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:list-source-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:list-source-type attribute specifies how to populate the entry list in a combo box or list box control.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:list-source-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>query: evaluated against the database front-end document or database connection defined by the &lt;form:form&gt; element which the control belongs to. The form:list-source attribute defines that evaluation. 19.285</li><li>sql: evaluated against the database front-end document or database connection defined by the &lt;form:form&gt; element which the control belongs to. The form:list-source attribute defines that evaluation. 19.285</li><li>sql-pass-through: evaluated against the database front-end document or database connection defined by the &lt;form:form&gt; element which the control belongs to. The form:list-source attribute defines that evaluation. 19.285</li><li>table: evaluated against the database front-end document or database connection defined by the &lt;form:form&gt; element which the control belongs to. The form:list-source attribute defines that evaluation. 19.285</li><li>table-fields: evaluated against the database front-end document or database connection defined by the &lt;form:form&gt; element which the control belongs to. The form:list-source attribute defines that evaluation. 19.285</li><li>value-list: entry list populated by values specified by the form:value 19.316 attributes of &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14 child elements. This value is applicable to list boxes only. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:list-source-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11 and &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:list-source-type attribute are table, query, sql, sql-pass-through, value-list or table-fields.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:master-fields</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:master-fields attribute specifies the names of the columns in the result set represented by a parent form. Each time the parent form changes the current row, the nested form queries the database again based on the values of the master fields. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute contains a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of field names.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:master-fields attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:master-fields attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:max-length</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-length attribute specifies the maximum number of characters that a user can enter in an input control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-length attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-length attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:max-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-value attribute specifies the maximum value that a user can enter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:max-value attribute is date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-value attribute has the data type date 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:max-value attribute is string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:number&gt; and &lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:max-value attribute is double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-value attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:max-value attribute is time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:max-value attribute has the data type time 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:min-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:min-value attribute specifies the minimum value that a user can enter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:min-value attribute is date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:min-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:min-value attribute has the data type date 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:min-value attribute is string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:min-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:min-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:number&gt; and &lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:min-value attribute is double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:min-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:min-value attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:min-value attribute is time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:min-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:min-value attribute has the data type time 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:method</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:method attribute specifies the HTTP method [RFC2616] used to submit data in a form to a server. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:method attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>get: HTTP get method.</li><li>post: HTTP post method.</li><li>a value of type string</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These values are not case sensitive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is get.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:method attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:method attribute are get, post or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:multi-line</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:multi-line attribute specifies whether a label is displayed on multiple lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:multi-line attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: label is not displayed over multiple lines.</li><li>true: label is displayed over multiple lines.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:multi-line attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:multi-line attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:multiple</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:multiple attribute specifies whether a user can select multiple items from a list box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:multiple attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: multiple items cannot be selected from a list box.</li><li>true: multiple items can be selected from a list box.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:multiple attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:multiple attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:name attribute specifies the name of a form or control element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This may be used to give a form or control element an identity, which can be used for scripting or for submitting the content of controls.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:navigation-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:navigation-mode attribute specifies methods for navigation of a database aware form. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values of the form:navigation-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>current: an user interface is provided and the navigation is performed on the current form.</li><li>none: a user interface is not provided, but the form may be navigated using the TAB and SHIFT/TAB keys on the keyboard.</li><li>parent: a user interface is provided and the navigation is performed on the parent form of the current form.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:navigation-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:navigation-mode attribute are none, current or parent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:order</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:order attribute specifies a sort criteria for a command. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:order attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:order attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:orientation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:orientation attribute specifies the orientation of a control,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:orientation attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>horizontal: control is oriented horizontally.</li><li>vertical: control is oriented vertically.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:orientation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:orientation attribute are horizontal or vertical.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:page-step-size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:page-step-size attribute specifies the preferred major value change offered ioffered the user (if applicable for the control used). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:page-step-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:page-step-size attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:printable</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:printable attribute specifies whether a control is printed when a user prints a document containing the control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:printable attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: control not printed when a document containing the control is printed.</li><li>true: control printed when a document containing the control is printed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:printable attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:printable attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:property-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:property-name attribute specifies the name of a property element. The name is unique within all &lt;form:property&gt; and &lt;form:list-property&gt; child elements of a &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:property-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:list-property&gt; 13.9 and &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:property-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:readonly</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:readonly attribute specifies whether a user can modify the value of a control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Read-only controls are included in a tabbing navigation sequence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:readonly attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: a user cannot modify the value of a control. </li><li>true: a user can modify the value of a control.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:readonly attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:readonly attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:repeat</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:repeat attribute specifies whether a form control, or a part of a form control, repeats a defined action in response a continuous action by a user.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:repeat attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: continuous action results in one defined action.</li><li>true: continuous action results in repeating the defined action.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Pressing and holding any key is an example of a continuous action by a user. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:repeat attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:repeat attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:selected</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:selected attribute specifies the default state of a radio button or option. A control initializes to the default state specified by this attribute control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In a group of radio buttons that share the same name, only one radio button can have a form:selected attribute set to true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:selected attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: not the default state of a radio button or option. </li><li>true: default state of a radio button or option.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:selected attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:selected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:size attribute specifies the number of rows that are visible at a time in a combo box list or a list box list.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:size attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11 and &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:size attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:source-cell-range</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:source-cell-range attribute specifies a rectangular cell range, whose content should be synchronized with a form control’s item list. The form control reacts to changes in the cell range, that is, it adjusts its item list as the cell range&#039;s content changes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute specifies a cell range using cellRangeAddress or with the a name of a named cell range. It displays the left-most columns of a range, if the range contains more columns than a form control can display. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:source-cell-range attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11 and &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:source-cell-range attribute are a value of type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5 or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:spin-button</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:spin-button attribute specifies whether a form control for input has spin buttons. Spin buttons are used to increment or decrement all or part of an input value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:spin-button attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: form control does not have spin buttons. </li><li>true: form control has spin buttons. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:spin-button attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:spin-button attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:state</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:state attribute specifies the default state of a check box control. A check box control initializes to the default state specified by this attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:state attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>checked: default state of a check box control. </li><li>unchecked: check box control has no default state.</li><li>unknown: state of check box control is not known. This value is available only if the value of the form:is-tristate 19.281 attribute on this check box control is true. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is unchecked.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:state attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:state attribute are unchecked, checked or unknown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:step-size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:step-size attribute specifies the preferred minor value change offered the user (if applicable for the control used).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:step-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:step-size attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:tab-cycle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:tab-cycle attribute specifies how the consumer responds when the user presses the TAB key in the controls in a form. The behavior of the consumer depends on whether the form is bound to a data source.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:tab-cycle attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>current: If a user presses the TAB key in the last control of the form, the focus moves to the first control specified in the tab order of the same form. If the form is data aware (13.1), then the current row of the result set subject to the form is not changed. </li><li>page: If a user presses the TAB key in the last control of a form, the focus moves to the first control specified in the tab order for the next form.</li><li>records: If a user presses the TAB key in the last control of the form, the focus moves to the first control specified in the tab order of the same form. If the form is data aware (13.1), then the current row of the result set subject to the form moves to the next row. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:tab-cycle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:tab-cycle attribute are records, current or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:tab-index</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:tab-index attribute specifies the tabbing navigation order of controls within a form. Tabbing order is the order of focus on controls when a user navigates the form using the TAB key on the keyboard. Elements within other elements can be included in a tabbing order. Values do not have to be sequential and they do not have to begin with a particular value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The rules of tab navigation are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Controls that have the form:disabled 19.268 attribute set to true are not included in the navigation, independent of their form:tab-index value. </li><li>Controls that have the same values for the form:tab-index attribute are navigated in order of their position in the form. </li><li>The navigation starts with the controls with lowest non-zero form:tab-index value. </li><li>When the controls with a certain form:tab-index value have been navigated, navigation continues with the controls with the next highest value. </li><li>After the controls with the highest value have been navigated, navigation continues with the controls that do not contain the form:tab-index attribute or contain the attribute with a value of 0. </li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:tab-index attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:tab-index attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:tab-stop</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:tab-stop attribute specifies whether a control is included in the tabbing navigation order. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:tab-stop attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: control is not included in tabbing navigation order. </li><li>true: control is included in tabbing navigation order.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:tab-stop attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:tab-stop attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:text-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:text-style-name attribute specifies a paragraph style that is applied to all controls for a column. A paragraph style for a form may reference a data style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:text-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:text-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:title</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:title attribute contains additional information about a control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The value of the attribute may be used as a &quot;tool tip&quot; (a short message that appears when the pointing device pauses over the form element). Audio user agents may speak the title information in a similar context. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:title attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:toggle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:toggle attribute specifies whether a form button control acts as a push button or as a toggle button. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: A toggle button is similar to a check box (in fact, it could be considered a different visual representation of a check box), in that operating it once, by either mouse or keyboard, toggles its state between &quot;pressed&quot; and &quot;not pressed&quot;. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A push button triggers an action, which happens every time the user operates the button. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:toggle attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: form button control acts as push button. </li><li>true: form button control acts as a toggle button.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:toggle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:toggle attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:validation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:validation attribute specifies whether the text that the user enters is validated during input against the input format associated with the control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:validation attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>true: invalid content is detected during input.</li><li>false: invalid content is not detected during input.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:validation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:validation attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute specifies the default value of an input control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:button&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:value attribute is boolean.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:value attribute is date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type date 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:number&gt; and &lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:value attribute is number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;, &lt;form:combobox&gt;, &lt;form:file&gt;, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt;, &lt;form:hidden&gt;, &lt;form:image&gt;, &lt;form:option&gt;, &lt;form:password&gt;, &lt;form:radio&gt;, &lt;form:text&gt;, &lt;form:textarea&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:value attribute is string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2 and &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of the form:value attribute is time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type time 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:visual-effect</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:visual-effect attributes specifies a visual effect to apply to a control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the form:visual-effect attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>3d: 3D visual effect.</li><li>flat: flat visual effect.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:visual-effect attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the form:visual-effect attribute are flat or 3d.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:xforms-list-source</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:xforms-list-source attribute specifies a reference to an xform:bind attribute, and creates a list entry for each node in the node-set defined by that attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:xforms-list-source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:xforms-list-source attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>form:xforms-submission</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:xforms-submission attribute specifies the id of an &lt;xforms:submission&gt; (3.3.3 of [XForms]) child element of a &lt;xforms:model&gt; element for a &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15 control. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:xforms-submission attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The form:xforms-submission attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>grddl:transformation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The grddl:transformation attributes link to a transformation for extracting RDF data from the document. See [GRDDL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This transformation is intended to be interpreted by consumers that do not support OpenDocument. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The referenced transformations should map OpenDocument elements that are children of the &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2 element to RDF. They should also extract the RDF triples stored as RDFa attributes in the document content and styles. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Please check the <a href="http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=office">OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC&#039;s</a> web site for GRDDL transformations provided by the OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The grddl:transformation attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2, &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2, &lt;office:document-meta&gt; 3.1.3.4, &lt;office:document-settings&gt; 3.1.3.5 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the grddl:transformation attribute is a white space separated lists of values of type anyIRI 18.3.2, including the empty list.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:cell-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:cell-count attribute specifies the number of table cells that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:cell-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:cell-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:character-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:character-count attribute specifies the number of characters that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the meta:character-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:character-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:character-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:date</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:date attribute specifies the date and time when a template was last modified, prior to being used to create the current document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:date attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:date attribute has the data type dateTime 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:delay</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:delay attribute specifies a reload delay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:delay attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:delay attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:draw-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:draw-count attribute specifies the number of drawing shapes that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:draw-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:draw-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:frame-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:frame-count attribute specifies the number of text boxes that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:frame-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:frame-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:image-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:image-count attribute specifies the number of images that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:image-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:image-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:name attribute specifies the name of a metadata element. The name shall be unique within the domain of &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:non-whitespace-character-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:non-whitespace-character-count attribute specifies the number of non-white space characters that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the meta:non-whitespace-character-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:non-whitespace-character-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:non-whitespace-character-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:object-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:object-count attribute specifies the number of embedded objects stored in OpenDocument format that the OpenDocument producer has counted for the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:object-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:object-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:ole-object-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:ole-object-count attribute specifies the number of embedded objects stored in a different format than OpenDocument that the OpenDocument producer has counted for the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:ole-object-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:ole-object-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:page-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:page-count attribute specifies the number of pages that an OpenDocument producer has calculated for a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the meta:page-count attribute is implementation-dependent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:page-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:page-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:paragraph-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:paragraph-count attribute specifies the number of paragraphs that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:paragraph-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:paragraph-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:row-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:row-count attribute specifies the number of lines contained in a document instance. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the meta:row-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:row-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:row-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:sentence-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:sentence-count attribute specifies the number of sentences that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the meta:sentence-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:sentence-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:sentence-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:syllable-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:syllable-count attribute specifies the number of syllables that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the meta:syllable-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:syllable-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:syllable-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:table-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:table-count attribute specifies the number of &lt;table:table&gt; elements counted in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:table-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:table-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:value-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:value-type attribute specifies the type of a metadata element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the meta:value-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>boolean: 18.3.3</li><li>date: 18.2</li><li>float: 18.2</li><li>time: 18.2</li><li>string: 18.2</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default type for meta-data elements is string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:value-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>meta:word-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:word-count attribute specifies the number of words that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the meta:word-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:word-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The meta:word-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:automatic-order</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:automatic-order attribute specifies whether data is ordered to match the default order for the language and country of a data style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the number:automatic-order attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: data is not ordered to match the default order for the language and country of a data style.</li><li>true: data is ordered to match the default order for the language and country of a data style.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:automatic-order attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8 and &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:automatic-order attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:calendar</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:calendar attribute specifies the calendar system used to extract parts of a date. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the number:calendar attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>buddhist: Buddhist calendar, identical to Gregorian calendar but add 543 years to the Gregorian date. </li><li>gengou: Japanese Gengou calendar, Emperor eras. Identical to Gregorian calendar but with different eras for each emperor. Consumers may implement only the modern eras starting 1868, Meiji, Taisho, Showa and Heisei. Earlier dates are then displayed using the Gregorian calendar [JIS X 0301].</li><li>gregorian: Gregorian calendar with cut-off date 1582-10-04, 1582-10-15 following. Dates before cut-off date are calculated in Julian proleptic calendar [ISO8601], Section 2.4.1.</li><li>hanja: Additional Gregorian calendar in Korean locales, uses differently localized day and month names. </li><li>hanja_yoil: Legacy alias for hanja</li><li>hijri: Islamic Hijri lunar calendar (religious, non-civil). </li><li>jewish: Jewish lunisolar calendar. </li><li>ROC: Taiwanese Minguo calendar, identical to Gregorian calendar but substract 1911 years from the Gregorian date. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute value may also be a string value. If this attribute is not specified, the default calendar system for the locale of the data style is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:calendar attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:day&gt; 16.29.12, &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; 16.29.16, &lt;number:era&gt; 16.29.15, &lt;number:month&gt; 16.29.13, &lt;number:quarter&gt; 16.29.18, &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; 16.29.17 and &lt;number:year&gt; 16.29.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:calendar attribute are gregorian, gengou, ROC, hanja_yoil, hanja, hijri, jewish, buddhist or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:country</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:country attribute specifies a country code for a data style. The country code is used for formatting properties whose evaluation is locale-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a country is not specified, the system settings are used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:country attribute on a &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element, specifies the country of a currency symbol. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:country attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; 16.29.9, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:decimal-places</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute specifies the number of decimal places to display. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the number:decimal-places attribute is not specified, the number of decimal places specified by the default table cell style is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:seconds&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the number:decimal-places attribute is not specified or if the value of the attribute is 0, seconds are not displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;number:seconds&gt; element the default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute specifies the number of decimal places to display.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the number:decimal-places attribute is not specified, the number of decimal places specified by the default table cell style is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:decimal-replacement</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-replacement attribute specifies a replacement text for decimal places if a number style specifies that decimal places are used but the number displayed is an integer. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: What replacement text is supported is implementation-dependent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-replacement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:decimal-replacement attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:denominator-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:denominator-value attribute specifies an integer value that is used as the denominator of a fraction. If this attribute is not present, a denominator that is appropriate for displaying the number is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The number:denominator-value attribute is used with number:grouping 19.350, number:min-denominator-digits 19.353, number:min-integer-digits 19.355 and number:min-numerator-digits 19.357 to define the display of a floating-point number as a fraction. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:denominator-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:denominator-value attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:display-factor</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:display-factor attribute specifies a factor by which each number is scaled (divided) before displaying.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:display-factor attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:display-factor attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:exponent-interval</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:exponent-interval attribute determines the valid exponents to be used: the valid exponents are the integer multiples of the value of the number:exponent-interval attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:exponent-interval attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:exponent-interval attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:format-source</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:format-source attribute specifies the source of definitions of the short and long display formats. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the number:format-source attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fixed: the values short and long of the number:style attribute are defined by this standard. </li><li>language: the meaning of the values long and short of the number:style attribute depend upon the number:language and number:country attributes of the date style. If neither of those attributes are specified, consumers should use their default locale for short and long date and time formats.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is fixed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:format-source attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:format-source attribute are fixed or language.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:forced-exponent-sign</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:forced-exponent-sign attribute specifies whether the sign of the exponent for a scientific number is always displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the number:forced-exponent-sign attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the exponent sign is displayed only for a negative value of the exponent, otherwise it is not displayed.</li><li>true: the exponent sign is always displayed regardless of the value of exponent. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:forced-exponent-sign attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:forced-exponent-sign attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:grouping</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:grouping attribute specifies whether the integer digits of a number should be grouped using a separator character. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The grouping character that is used and the number of digits that are grouped together depends on the language and country of the style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the number:grouping attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: integer digits of a number are not grouped using a separator character.</li><li>true: integer digits of a number should be grouped by a separator character.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:grouping attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7, &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3 and &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:grouping attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:language</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:language attribute specifies a language code. The country code is used for formatting properties whose evaluation is locale-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a language code is not specified, either the system settings or the setting for the system&#039;s language are used, depending on the property whose value should be evaluated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:language attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; 16.29.9, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:language attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:max-denominator-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:max-denominator-value attribute specifies the maximum denominator permitted to be chosen if its &lt;number:fraction&gt; element does not have a number:denominator-value attribute. The number:max-denominator-value attribute is ignored in the presence of a number:denominator-value 19.345 attribute. The absence of the number:max-denominator-value attribute indicates that no maximum denominator is specified. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The number:max-denominator-value attribute is used with number:grouping 19.348, number:min-denominator-digits 19.350, number:min-integer-digits 19.352 and number:min-numerator-digits 19.353 to define the display of a floating-point number as a fraction.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: A number:max-denominator-value attribute value of 99 is equivalent to permitting any 1- or 2-digit denominator. A number:max-denominator-value attribute value of 999 is equivalent to permitting any 1, 2, or 3 digit denominator. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:max-denominator-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:max-denominator-value attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:min-denominator-digits</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-denominator-digits attribute specifies the minimum number of digits to use to display the denominator of a fraction.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-denominator-digits attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-denominator-digits attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:min-exponent-digits</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-exponent-digits attribute specifies the minimum number of digits to use to display an exponent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-exponent-digits attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-exponent-digits attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:min-integer-digits</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-integer-digits attribute specifies the minimum number of integer digits to display in the integer portion of a number, a scientific number, or a fraction. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;number:fraction&gt; element, if the number:min-integer-digits attribute is not present, no integer portion is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-integer-digits attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7, &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3 and &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-integer-digits attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:min-decimal-places</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-decimal-places attribute specifies the minimum number of digits in the decimal part.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><br/>The value of the number:min-decimal-places attribute shall not be greater than the value of the number:decimal-places 19.343 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><br/>If the value of number:min-decimal-places is less than the value of number:decimal-places, trailing zero digits in decimal places following the position indicated by the value of number:min-decimal-places shall not be displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the number:min-decimal-places attribute is not specified, it is set to: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>0, if the value of the number:decimal-replacement attribute is the empty string. </li><li>the value of the number:decimal-places attribute in other cases. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If both number:decimal-replacement 19.344 and number:min-decimal-places attributes are present, and the number displayed is an integer, then the value of number:decimal-replacement shall be displayed. <br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-decimal-places attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the number:min-decimal-places attribute is not specified, it is set to the value of the number:decimal-places 19.343 attribute. <br/></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-decimal-places attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:min-numerator-digits</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-numerator-digits attribute specifies the minimum number of digits to use to display the numerator in a fraction.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-numerator-digits attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:min-numerator-digits attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:position attribute specifies the position where text appears.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The index of a position starts with 1 and is counted by digits from right to left in the integer part of a number, starting left from a decimal separator if one exists, or from the last digit of the number. Text is inserted before the digit at the specified position. If the value of number:position attribute is greater than the value of number:min-integer-digits 19.355 and greater than the number of integer digits in the number, text is prepended to the number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; 16.29.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:possessive-form</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:possessive-form attribute specifies whether the month is displayed as a noun or using the possessive form. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:possessive-form attribute is only applied when a number:textual 19.363 attribute on the same &lt;number:month&gt; element has the value of true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the number:possessive-form attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the name of the month is displayed in nominative form. </li><li>true: the name of the month is displayed in possessive form. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:possessive-form attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:month&gt; 16.29.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:possessive-form attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:rfc-language-tag attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the number:language 19.351, number:script 19.361 and number:country 19.342 attributes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don&#039;t support the number:rfc-language-tag attribute by specifying number:language, number:script and number:country attributes with values as close as possible to the actual value of the number:rfc-language-tag attribute. Producers shall not use values for these attributes that contradict the value of the table:rfc-language-tag attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:rfc-language-tag attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; 16.29.9, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:rfc-language-tag attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:script</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:script attribute specifies a script code. The script code is used for formatting properties whose evaluation is locale-dependent. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:script attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; 16.29.9, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:script attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:style attribute specifies whether the content of a time element is displayed in short or long format. The value of this attribute can be short or long. The meaning of these values depends on the value of the number:format-source 19.348 attribute that is attached to a date or time style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:day&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>short: the day of month is displayed using one or two digits.</li><li>long: the day of month is displayed using two digits.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:day&gt; 16.29.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>short: abbreviated name of the day is displayed.</li><li>long: full name of the day is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; 16.29.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:era&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>short: abbreviated era name is used.</li><li>long: full era name is used.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:era&gt; 16.29.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:hours&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>short: hours are displayed using at least one digit.</li><li>long: hours are displayed using at least two digits.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:hours&gt; 16.29.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>short: minutes are displayed using at least one digit.</li><li>long: minutes are displayed using at least two digits.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:minutes&gt; 16.29.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:month&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>short: abbreviated name of the month is displayed or the month is displayed using one or two digits.</li><li>long: full name of the month is displayed or the month is displayed using two digits.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:month&gt; 16.29.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>short: abbreviated name of the quarter is displayed.</li><li>long: full name of the quarter is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:quarter&gt; 16.29.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>short: seconds are displayed using at least one digit.</li><li>long: seconds are displayed using at least two digits.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:year&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>short: year is displayed using two digits.</li><li>long: year is displayed using four digits.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:year&gt; 16.29.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:textual</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:textual attribute specifies whether the name or number of a month is displayed in the month portion of a date. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the number:textual element are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the number of the month is displayed.</li><li>true: the name of the month is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The name or number of a month is defined by the number:calendar 19.341 attribute on the same parent element as the number:textual attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:textual attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:month&gt; 16.29.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:textual attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:title</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:title attribute specifies the title of a data style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:title attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:transliteration-country</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-country attribute specifies a country code in conformance with [RFC5646].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If no language/country (locale) combination is specified, the locale of the data style is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-country attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:transliteration-format</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-format attribute specifies which number characters to use. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the number:transliteration-format attribute shall be a decimal &quot;DIGIT ONE&quot; character with numeric value 1 as listed in the Unicode Character Database file UnicodeData.txt with value &#039;Nd&#039; (Numeric decimal digit) in the General_Category/Numeric_Type property field 6 and value &#039;1&#039; in the Numeric_Value fields 7 and 8, respectively as listed in DerivedNumericValues.txt</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If no format is specified the default ASCII representation of Latin-Indic digits is used, other transliteration attributes present in that case are ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-format attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-format attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:transliteration-language</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-language attribute specifies a language code in conformance with [RFC5646].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If no language/country (locale) combination is specified, the locale of the data style is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-language attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-language attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:transliteration-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-style attribute specifies the transliteration format of a number system.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The semantics of the values of the number:transliteration-style attribute are locale- and implementation-dependent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is short.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:transliteration-style attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the number:transliteration-style attribute are short, medium or long.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>number:truncate-on-overflow</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:truncate-on-overflow attribute specifies if a time or duration for which the value to be displayed by the largest time component specified in the style is too large to be displayed using the value range for &lt;number:hours&gt; 16.29.20 (0 to 23), or &lt;number:minutes&gt; 16.29.21 or &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22 (0 to 59) is truncated or if the value range of this component is extended. The largest time component is those for which a value of &quot;1&quot; represents the longest period of time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a value gets truncated, then its value is displayed modulo 24 (for &lt;number:hours&gt;) or modulo 60 (for &lt;number:minutes&gt; and &lt;number:seconds&gt;). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value range of a component get extended, then values larger than 23 or 59 are displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the number:truncate-on-overflow element are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the value range of the component is extended.</li><li>true: the value range of the component is not extended.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:truncate-on-overflow attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The number:truncate-on-overflow attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:automatic-update</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:automatic-update attribute specifies if DDE links are automatically updated or only upon user request. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the office:automatic-update element are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: DDE links are updated on user request only.</li><li>true: DDE links are updated automatically.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:automatic-update attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5 and &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:automatic-update attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:boolean-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:boolean-value attribute specifies the Boolean value for a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-defined&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;<a href="db:column">db:column</a>&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:user-defined&gt; elements, this attribute is only evaluated if the corresponding &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 element has attribute meta:value-type=&quot;boolean&quot;. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:boolean-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:boolean-value attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:conversion-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:conversion-mode attribute specifies the method by which the DDE server converts its data into numbers. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the office:conversion-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>into-default-style-data-style: numbers are converted into the data style that is specified by the default style.</li><li>into-english-number: numbers are converted into the English default format.</li><li>keep-text: numbers are not converted. They are treated as text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is into-default-style-data-style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:conversion-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the office:conversion-mode attribute are into-default-style-data-style, into-english-number or keep-text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:currency</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:currency attribute specifies the currency for a value of a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It specifies a default currency for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;db:column&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:currency attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:currency attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:date-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:date-value attribute specifies the date or date-time value for a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-defined&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;<a href="db:column">db:column</a>&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:user-defined&gt; elements, this attribute is only evaluated if the corresponding &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 element has attribute meta:value-type=&quot;date&quot;. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:date-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:date-value attribute has the data type dateOrDateTime 18.3.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:dde-application</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:dde-application attribute specifies the name of the target application to use for the DDE connection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:dde-application attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5 and &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:dde-application attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:dde-item</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:dde-item attribute specifies which information the target application should deliver.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:dde-item attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5 and &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:dde-item attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:dde-topic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:dde-topic attribute specifies the name of the topic to use for the DDE connection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:dde-topic attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5 and &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:dde-topic attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:display</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:display attribute specifies whether an annotation is visible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:display attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:mimetype</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:mimetype attribute specifies the document type for a document that is contained in a single XML file. Its values are the MIME types that are used for the packaged variant of office documents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:mimetype attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:mimetype attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name. The use of that name is specified for each element on which it appears. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:a&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for a hyperlink. The name can serve as a target for other hyperlinks. The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for a shape represented by this element. The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for a shape represented by this element. The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for an image map. The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for an annotation. It is used to match &lt;office:annotation&gt; elements with the corresponding &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2 elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The name that appears in the office:name attribute of any &lt;office:annotation&gt;, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; pair shall be unique to that pair of elements in a document instance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for an annotation. It is used to match &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; elements with the corresponding &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1 elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute specifies the name by which a connection can be referenced.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for a hyperlink. The name serves as a target for other hyperlinks and need not be unique. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This attribute is specified for compatibility with [HTML4] only, where an &lt;a&gt; element may serve as a link source and target simultaneously. This attribute should not be used for any purpose other than to represent links that came from a HTML document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name by which a connection can be referenced.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2></h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:server-map</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:server-map attribute specifies that a link returns data to a server-side image map. The mouse coordinates of the click 19.406 position of the graphic shape are appended to the IRI of the link. The coordinates are be used by the server to determine which link to activate within the image map.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:server-map attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:server-map attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:string-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:string-value attribute specifies the string-value for a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-defined&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;<a href="db:column">db:column</a>&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:user-defined&gt; elements, this attribute is only evaluated if the corresponding &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 element has (default) attribute meta:value-type=&quot;string&quot;. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:string-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:target-frame</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:target-frame attribute specifies a target frame.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the office:target-frame attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>_blank: The referenced document is displayed in a new frame.</li><li>_parent: The referenced document is displayed in the parent frame of the current frame.</li><li>_self: The referenced document replaces the content of the current frame.</li><li>_top: The referenced document is displayed in the topmost frame, that is the frame that contains the current frame as a child or descendant but is not contained within another frame.</li><li>A frame name: The referenced document is displayed in the named frame. If the named frame does not exist, a new frame with that name is created.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is _blank.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:target-frame attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3 and &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:target-frame attribute has the data type targetFrameName 18.3.34.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:target-frame-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:target-frame-name attribute specifies the name of a target frame.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the office:target-frame-name attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>_blank: The referenced document is displayed in a new frame.</li><li>_parent: The referenced document is displayed in the parent frame of the current frame.</li><li>_self: The referenced document replaces the content of the current frame.</li><li>_top: The referenced document is displayed in the topmost frame, that is the frame that contains the current frame as a child or descendant but is not contained within another frame.</li><li>A frame name: The referenced document is displayed in the named frame. If the named frame does not exist, a new frame with that name is created.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:target-frame-name attribute may be used together with an xlink:show 19.917 attribute. In that case, if the value of the attribute is _blank, the xlink:show attribute value should be new. If the value of the attribute is any of the other value options, the value of the xlink:show attribute should be replace. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:target-frame-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; 4.3.2.14 and &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:target-frame-name attribute has the data type targetFrameName 18.3.34.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:time-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:time-value attribute specifies the time value for a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-defined&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;<a href="db:column">db:column</a>&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:user-defined&gt; elements, this attribute is only evaluated if the corresponding &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 element has attribute meta:value-type=&quot;time&quot;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:time-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:time-value attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:title</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:title attribute specifies a short accessible description. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: See appendix D for guidelines on using this attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:title attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12 and &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:value attribute specifies the currency, float or percentage value for a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-defined&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;<a href="db:column">db:column</a>&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:user-defined&gt; elements, this attribute is only interpreted if the corresponding &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 element has attribute meta:value-type=&quot;float&quot;. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:value-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:value-type attribute specifies the value-type of a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;, &lt;text:variable-decl&gt;, &lt;text:variable-input&gt;and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It specifies a default value type of database columns and database column definitions (&lt;db:column&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40). </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value type of each of these elements shall be specified. If the value type is not string or if the &lt;table:table-cell&gt; element content differs from the value of the element, the corresponding Value Attribute(s) (Table 14 - Value attributes) shall contain the value(s) of the element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 14 - Value attributes</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Value Type</p></th><th><p>Value Attribute(s)</p></th><th><p>Encoded as...</p></th><th><p>Example</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>boolean</p></td><td><p>office:boolean-value</p></td><td><p>true or false</p></td><td><p>&quot;true&quot;</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>currency</p></td><td><p>office:value and<br/>office:currency</p></td><td><p>Numeric value and<br/>currency symbol</p></td><td><p>&quot;100&quot;<br/>&quot;USD&quot;</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dat</p></td><td><p>office:date-value</p></td><td><p>Date value as specified in §3.2.9 of [xmlschema-2], or date and time value as specified in §3.2.7 of [xmlschema-2]</p></td><td><p>&quot;2003-04-17&quot;</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>float</p></td><td><p>office:value</p></td><td><p>Numeric value</p></td><td><p>&quot;12.345&quot;</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>percentage</p></td><td><p>office:value</p></td><td><p>Numeric value</p></td><td><p>&quot;0.50&quot;</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>string</p></td><td><p>office:string-value</p></td><td><p>Strings</p></td><td><p>&quot;abc def&quot;</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>time</p></td><td><p>office:time-value</p></td><td><p>Duration, as specified in §3.2.6 of [xmlschema-2]</p></td><td><p>&quot;PT03H30M00S&quot;</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>void</p></td><td><p>none</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value type is string and the office:string-value attribute is not present, the element content defines the value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The OpenDocument concept of field values and value types and their encoding in XML is also modeled on the corresponding XML for table cell attributes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:value-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-property&gt; 13.9, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8, &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:value-type attribute has the data type valueType 18.3.38.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>office:version</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:version attribute identifies the version of the OpenDocument specification that defines the associated element, its schema, its complete content, and its interpretation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:version attribute shall be present in every &lt;office:document&gt;, &lt;office:document-content&gt;, &lt;office:document-styles&gt;, &lt;office:document-meta&gt;, and &lt;office:document-settings&gt; element in the XML documents that comprise an OpenDocument 1.3 document. The value of the office:version attribute shall be &quot;1.3&quot;. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note 1: When an office:version-requiring element has office:version=&quot;1.1&quot; the element and its content are based on the OpenDocument v1.1 specification [ODF11]. For office:version=&quot;1.0&quot; the element and its content are based on the OpenDocument v1.0 specification [ODF10]. When an office:version-requiring element has office:version omitted, the element is based on a version of the OpenDocument specification earlier than v1.2. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note 2: An OpenDocument 1.2 document that relies solely on features of a previous OpenDocument specification that are upward-compatible with OpenDocument 1.2, can be interpreted correctly under that earlier specification by treating the office:version=&quot;1.2&quot; attribute as omitted or as identifying the earlier version.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note 3: An OpenDocument 1.3 document that relies solely on features of a previous OpenDocument specification that are upward-compatible with OpenDocument 1.2, can be interpreted correctly under that earlier specification by treating the office:version=&quot;1.2&quot; attribute as omitted or as identifying the earlier version.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The office:version attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2, &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2, &lt;office:document-meta&gt; 3.1.3.4, &lt;office:document-settings&gt; 3.1.3.5 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The only value of the office:version attribute is 1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:action</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:action attribute specifies the type of action that is executed when an event is triggered. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:action attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>execute: another application is launched when this event is triggered. The application is specified with the xlink:href 19.916 attribute on the same &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element.</li><li>fade-out: the object that contains this event is faded out when this event is triggered. The attributes presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:speed 19.421 and presentation:start-scale 19.422 can be used to set the effect.</li><li>first-page: the presentation jumps to the first page of the current document.</li><li>hide: the object that contains this event is hidden if the event is triggered.</li><li>last-page: the presentation jumps to the last page of the current document.</li><li>last-visited-page: the presentation jumps to the page that was displayed before the current page.</li><li>next-page: the presentation jumps to the next page.</li><li>none: no action is performed when this event is triggered.</li><li>previous-page: the presentation jumps to the previous page.</li><li>show: the target of an IRI is opened when this event is triggered. The IRI is specified with the xlink:href 19.916 attribute on the same &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element.</li><li>sound: an audio effect is started when the effect is triggered. The audio effect is described by a &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2 child element.</li><li>stop: if a slide show is active, it will be stopped.</li><li>verb: if the object that contains this event supports the execution of [OLE] verbs, the verb with the id set in the presentation:verb 19.432 attribute is executed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:action attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:action attribute are none, previous-page, next-page, first-page, last-page, hide, stop, execute, show, verb, fade-out, sound or last-visited-page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:animations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:animations attribute enables or disables the playback of animations that are specified within embedded or linked images during a presentation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:animations attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>disabled: image animations cannot be played during a presentation.</li><li>enabled: image animations can be played during a presentation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:animations attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:animations attribute are enabled or disabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:class</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:class attribute classifies presentation shapes by their usage within a draw page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:class attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>chart: presentation charts are standard object shapes.</li><li>graphic: presentation graphics are standard graphic shapes</li><li>handout: presentation handouts are placeholder for the drawing page in a handout page</li><li>notes: presentation notes are used on notes pages</li><li>object: presentation objects are standard object shapes</li><li>orgchart: presentation organization charts are standard object shapes.</li><li>outline: outlines are standard text shapes</li><li>page: presentation pages are used on notes pages</li><li>subtitle: subtitles are standard text shapes</li><li>table: presentation tables are standard object shapes</li><li>text: presentation texts are standard text shapes</li><li>title: titles are standard text shapes</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The date-time, footer, header, and page-number classes can be used only for drawing shapes that are contained in master pages. Depending on the settings of the &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 element, they are displayed automatically on drawing pages that use the master page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When used with drawing shapes contained in master pages, the defined values for the presentation:class attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>date-time: drawing shape is used as a date and/or time shape. Date and Time shapes are standard text shapes.</li><li>footer: drawing shape is used as a footer. Footer shapes are standard text shapes.</li><li>header: drawing shape is used as a header. Header shapes are standard text shapes.</li><li>page-number: drawing shape is used as a page number shape. Page Number shapes are standard text shapes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:class attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 and &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:class attribute are title, outline, subtitle, text, graphic, object, chart, table, orgchart, page, notes, handout, header, footer, date-time or page-number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:class-names</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:class-names attribute specifies a white space separated list of styles with the family value of presentation. The referenced styles are applied in the order they are contained in the list. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If both presentation:style-name and presentation:class-names are present, the style referenced by the presentation:style-name 19.426 attribute is applied before the styles referenced by the presentation:class-names attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:class-names attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:class-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:delay</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:delay attribute specifies the delay before a presentation effect starts after the previous one has finished.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:delay attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:delay attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:direction attribute specifies the direction of an effect. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:direction attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>clockwise: effect moves in a clockwise direction.</li><li>counter-clockwise: effect moves in a counter-clockwise direction.</li><li>from-bottom: effect moves from the bottom of the presentation area.</li><li>from-center: effect moves from the center of the presentation area.</li><li>from-left: effect moves from the left of the presentation area.</li><li>from-right: effect moves from the right of the presentation area.</li><li>from-top: effect moves from the top of the presentation area.</li><li>from-lower-left: effect moves from the lower-left of the presentation area.</li><li>from-lower-right: effect moves from the lower-right of the presentation area.</li><li>from-upper-left: effect moves from the upper-left of the presentation area.</li><li>from-upper-right: effect moves from the upper-right of the presentation area.</li><li>horizontal: effect moves from the bottom of the presentation area.</li><li>none: no presentation effect direction</li><li>path: effect moves from the bottom of the presentation area.</li><li>spiral-inward-left: effect spirals inward from the left of the presentation area.</li><li>spiral-inward-right: effect spirals inward from the right of the presentation area.</li><li>spiral-outward-left: effect spirals outward to the left of the presentation area.</li><li>spiral-outward-right: effect spirals outward to the right of the presentation area.</li><li>to-left: effect moves to the left of the presentation area.</li><li>to-top: effect moves to the top of the presentation area.</li><li>to-right: effect moves to the right of the presentation area.</li><li>to-bottom: effect moves to the bottom of the presentation area.</li><li>to-center: effect moves from the center of the presentation area.</li><li>to-lower-left: effect moves to the lower-left of the presentation area.</li><li>to-upper-left: effect moves to the upper-left of the presentation area.</li><li>to-lower-right: effect moves to the lower-right of the presentation area.</li><li>to-upper-right: effect moves to the upper-right of the presentation area.</li><li>vertical: effect moves vertically in the presentation area.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:direction attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:direction attribute are none, from-left, from-top, from-right, from-bottom, from-center, from-upper-left, from-upper-right, from-lower-left, from-lower-right, to-left, to-top, to-right, to-bottom, to-upper-left, to-upper-right, to-lower-right, to-lower-left, path, spiral-inward-left, spiral-inward-right, spiral-outward-left, spiral-outward-right, vertical, horizontal, to-center, clockwise or counter-clockwise.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:endless</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:endless attribute specifies whether a presentation repeats indefinitely or not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:endless attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: presentation does not repeat indefinitely.</li><li>true: presentation repeats indefinitely.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:endless attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:endless attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:effect</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:effect attribute specifies the type of an effect.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:effect attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>appear: the shape is faded in by just switching its state from invisible to visible.</li><li>checkerboard: the shape is faded in or out by drawing or removing checkerboard-like blocks that increase in size over time.</li><li>close: the shape is drawn or removed line by line, either horizontally or vertically, starting at the edge of the shape.</li><li>dissolve: the shape is faded in or out by drawing or removing small blocks in a random fashion.</li><li>fade: the shape fades from its visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state.</li><li>hide: the shape is faded out by just switching its state from visible to invisible.</li><li>laser: this effect is only available for text shapes; the characters of the text are moved one by one from the top edge of the screen to their final position.</li><li>lines: the shape is faded in and out by drawing or removing line by line, either horizontally or vertically, in a random fashion.</li><li>move: the shape moves from or to its final position.</li><li>move-short: like the move effect, but the moving shape is clipped to its final bounding rectangle during fade.</li><li>none: no effect is used.</li><li>open: the shape is drawn or removed line by line, either horizontally or vertically, starting at the center of the shape.</li><li>random: an effect is chosen at random to fade the shape in or out.</li><li>rotate: the shape rotates horizontally or vertically for a short amount of time during this effect.</li><li>stretch: the shape is faded in or out by changing its size during this effect.</li><li>stripes: the shape is faded in or out by drawing or removing horizontal or vertical stripes that change their size.</li><li>wavyline: the shape is faded in and out by drawing or removing small blocks in a snake like fashion.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:effect attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:effect attribute are none, fade, move, stripes, open, close, dissolve, wavyline, random, lines, laser, appear, hide, move-short, checkerboard, rotate or stretch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:force-manual</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:force-manual attribute specifies that the value of the presentation:transition-type 20.240 attribute is set to manual.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:force-manual attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: presentation:transition-type attribute is not set to manual.</li><li>true: presentation:transition-type attribute is set to manual.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:force-manual attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:force-manual attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:full-screen</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:full-screen attribute specifies whether the presentation is displayed in full-screen mode or in a window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:full-screen attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: presentation is displayed in a window.</li><li>true: presentation is displayed in full-screen mode.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:full-screen attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:full-screen attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:group-id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:group-id attribute specifies a group id. This id can be used to group animation elements within a user interface, where a group consists of all animation elements that have the same group id.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:group-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:group-id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:master-element</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:master-element attribute specifies the id of an animation element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Consumer user interfaces may consider animation elements that have a presentation:master-element attribute to be a part of the animation element that is referenced, and may therefore exclude them from any lists of defined animations. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:master-element attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:master-element attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:mouse-as-pen</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:mouse-as-pen attribute specifies if a mouse pointer is displayed as a pen or a pointer. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:mouse-as-pen attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: mouse pointer is displayed as a pointer.</li><li>true: mouse pointer is displayed as a pen for drawing.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:mouse-as-pen attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:mouse-as-pen attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:mouse-visible</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:mouse-visible attribute specifies whether a mouse pointer is visible during a presentation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:mouse-visible attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: mouse not visible during presentation.</li><li>true: mouse visible during presentation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:mouse-visible attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:mouse-visible attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:name attribute identifies the element on which it appears inside a presentation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; 10.9.3.6, &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; 10.9.3.4, &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; 10.9.3.2 and &lt;presentation:show&gt; 10.9.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:node-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:node-type attribute specifies a node type for an animation element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:node-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>after-previous: this animation element is the root element of an effect that starts after the previous effect.</li><li>default: no node type is defined. This is the default setting.</li><li>interactive-sequence: this animation element is the root element for a sequence of effects that are started when the user selects an element inside a page.</li><li>main-sequence: this animation element is the root element for the main sequence of effects of a page</li><li>on-click: this animation element is the root element of an effect that starts with a user click.</li><li>timing-root: this animation element is the root element for the animation of a page.</li><li>with-previous: this animation element is the root element of an effect that starts with the previous effect.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Click is the action of a computer user moving a cursor or focus to a location on a screen (point) and then pressing a mouse button, usually the left button(click), or other pointing device. A click can be used with any number of input devices varying from mice, touch pads, keyboards, joysticks, scroll buttons, and roller balls. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:node-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:node-type attribute are default, on-click, with-previous, after-previous, timing-root, main-sequence or interactive-sequence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:object</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:object attribute specifies the type of object that a &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; element represents. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:object attribute are the same as those defined for the presentation:class attribute. 19.393</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:object attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:object attribute are title, outline, subtitle, text, graphic, object, chart, table, orgchart, page, notes, handout, header, footer, date-time or page-number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:pages</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:pages attribute specifies a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of page names as given by draw:name 19.197 attributes on &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 elements. The pages are displayed in the order in which they are listed during a presentation that uses this show. Pages can be included more than once.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:pages attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:show&gt; 10.9.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:pages attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:path-id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:path-id attribute specifies a polygon shape by the value of its draw:shape-id 19.210 attribute. An effect moves along the lines of the specified polygon. The referenced polygon is not visible during the presentation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:path-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:path-id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:pause</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:pause attribute specifies a time duration for displaying a pause screen before the presentation is played again if the presentation is to be repeated indefinitely. If this attribute is not set or has a value of P0s, a pause screen is not displayed in endless mode.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:pause attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:pause attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:placeholder</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:placeholder attribute specifies if a shape is a placeholder or a presentation object with content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>true: the shape is a placeholder.</li><li>false: the shape is a presentation object with content.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:placeholder attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 and &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:placeholder attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:play-full</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:play-full attribute specifies when an effect starts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:play-full attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: effect starts after current effect ends.</li><li>true: effect starts after the sound specified by its parent &lt;presentation:sound&gt; element ends.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:play-full attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:play-full attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:presentation-page-layout-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:presentation-page-layout-name attribute references the style:name 19.502 attribute of a &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; 16.43 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:presentation-page-layout-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:presentation-page-layout-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:preset-class</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:preset-class attribute specifies the class of the preset that was used to create an animation element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:preset-class attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>custom: the preset was a user-defined one. This is the default setting.</li><li>entrance: the preset was an entrance effect.</li><li>exit: the preset was an exit effect.</li><li>emphasis: the preset was an emphasis effect.</li><li>motion-path: the preset was a motion path.</li><li>ole-action: the preset was an ole action.</li><li>media-call: the preset was a media call.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is custom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:preset-class attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:preset-class attribute are custom, entrance, exit, emphasis, motion-path, ole-action or media-call.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:preset-id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:preset-id attribute specifies the name of the preset that was used to create an animation element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:preset-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:preset-id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:preset-sub-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:preset-sub-type attribute specifies the sub-type of the preset that was used to create an animation element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:preset-sub-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:preset-sub-type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:show</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:show attribute specifies the name of a &lt;presentation:show&gt; element that is used for the presentation. If the presentation:start-page 19.423 attribute is set, it overrides the value of this attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:show attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:show attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide attribute specifies whether an additional slide should be shown at the end of the presentation, indicating the presentation is finished.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The slide content is not defined within the document, but is implementation-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: end-of-presentation slide not shown at end of presentation.</li><li>true: end-of-presentation slide shown at end of presentation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:show-logo</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:show-logo attribute specifies whether an implementation-defined logo is shown on a pause screen.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:show-logo attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: logo not shown on pause screen.</li><li>true: logo shown on pause screen.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:show-logo attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:show-logo attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:source</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:source attribute specifies whether the current date/time or the fixed content of the field declaration is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fixed: display content of the attribute&#039;s &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element</li><li>current-date: display the current date/time as reported by the operating system</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; 10.9.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:source attribute are fixed or current-date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:speed</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:speed attribute specifies the speed of an effect.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:speed attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fast: The fast speed should be faster than the speed the implementation chooses for the values medium and slow. </li><li>medium: The medium speed should be faster than the speed the implementation chooses for the value slow, and slower than the speed the implementation chooses for the value fast.</li><li>slow: The slow speed should be slower than the speed the implementation chooses for the values medium and fast. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The rates specified by these values are implementation-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is medium.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:speed attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:play&gt; 10.8.8, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:speed attribute are slow, medium or fast.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:start-scale</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:start-scale attribute specifies the start size of a shape as a percentage of its original size, which is given by the svg:width 19.575 and svg:height 19.543 attributes of the element specifying the shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 100%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:start-scale attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:start-scale attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:start-page</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:start-page attribute specifies the name of the page on which the presentation starts. If this attribute is set, it overrides the presentation:show 19.417 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:start-page attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:start-page attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:start-with-navigator</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:start-with-navigator attribute specifies whether a navigator window is initially displayed during a presentation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:start-with-navigator attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: navigator window not displayed initially during a presentation.</li><li>true: navigator window displayed initially during a presentation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:start-with-navigator attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:start-with-navigator attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:stay-on-top</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:stay-on-top attribute specifies whether a presentation window is displayed on top of other windows during a presentation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:stay-on-top attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: presentation window need not be displayed on top of other windows during a presentation.</li><li>true: presentation window shall be displayed on top of other windows during a presentation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:stay-on-top attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:stay-on-top attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:style-name attribute specifies a style for a presentation shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the attribute is the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 element that has a family value of presentation. The formatting properties of the specified style and its parent styles are used to format the shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:transition-on-click</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:transition-on-click attributes specifies whether a mouse click 19.406 on a slide during a presentation triggers a transition. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:transition-on-click attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>disabled: mouse click on a slide during a presentation does not trigger a transition.</li><li>enabled: mouse click on a slide during a presentation triggers a transition. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:transition-on-click attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:transition-on-click attribute are enabled or disabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:use-date-time-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:use-date-time-name attribute specifies the name of the &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; 10.9.3.6 that is used for all &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5 elements that are displayed on a page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:use-date-time-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19 and &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:use-date-time-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:use-footer-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:use-footer-name attribute specifies the name of the &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; 10.9.3.4 element that is used for all &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3 elements that are displayed on a page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:use-footer-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19 and &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:use-footer-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:use-header-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:use-header-name attribute specifies the name of the &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; 10.9.3.2 element that is used for all &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1 elements that are displayed on a page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:use-header-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19 and &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:use-header-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:user-transformed</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:user-transformed attribute specifies whether the size and position of the shape is set by the user or is set by the corresponding presentation shape on the master page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:user-transformed attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: size and position of shape set by corresponding presentation shape on master page.</li><li>true: size and position of shape set by user. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:user-transformed attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 and &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:user-transformed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:verb</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:verb attribute specifies the [OLE] verb that is executed for event listeners of type verb at the object that contains this event.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:verb attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:verb attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>script:event-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The script:event-name attribute specifies the name of an event. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Event names should begin with a namespace prefix followed by a “:” (U+003A, COLON).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Where appropriate, producers should use the event names described in [DOMEvents2]. The corresponding namespace is “http://www.w3.org/2001/xml-events”.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Event names defined in [DOMEvents2] are not namespaced. If used in OpenDocument, they should be preceded by a namespace prefix as described above</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 15 specifies events defined in [DOMEvents2] that have an equivalent event in HTML. The namespace used for these events is “http://www.w3.org/2001/xml-events”“. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 15 - Script Events</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Value of script:event-name Attribute</p></th><th><p>Equivalent HTML Event</p></th><th><p>Description of Event</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>dom:change</p></td><td><p>onchange</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a control is no longer focused and the value of the control was modified since it was given focus.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dom:DOMFocusIn</p></td><td><p>onfocus</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a control is given focus using the mouse or the TAB key.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dom:DOMFocusOut</p></td><td><p>onblur</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a control is no longer focused as a result of moving the mouse or by tabbing navigation. </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dom:mousedown</p></td><td><p>onmousedown</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a mouse button is pressed on a control.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dom:mousemove</p></td><td><p>onmousemove</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the mouse pointer is moved onto a control.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dom:mouseover</p></td><td><p>onmouseover</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the mouse pointer is moved over the control.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dom:mouseup</p></td><td><p>onmouseup</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a mouse button is released on a control.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dom:mouseout</p></td><td><p>onmouseout</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the mouse pointer is moved away from a control.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dom:reset</p></td><td><p>onreset</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form is reset.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>dom:submit</p></td><td><p>onsubmit</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form is submitted.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The script:event-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2 and &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The script:event-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>script:language</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute script:language specifies the name of a script. Script language names are implementation-dependent. The names identifying script languages should begin with a namespace prefix, followed by a &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON) separator. If a namespace prefix is present, the local name of the attribute value is considered to be a name in the XML namespace bound to the namespace prefix.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The script:language attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:script&gt; 3.13, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2 and &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The script:language attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>script:macro-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The script:macro-name attribute specifies the name of a macro. The interpretation of the name is script-language-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The script:macro-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The script:macro-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:accelerate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §11.1.2 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined range for the smil:accelerate attribute is 0 to 1, inclusive. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for a smil:accelerate attribute is 0, meaning no acceleration. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:accelerate attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:accelerate attribute has values of type decimal 18.2 in the range [0,1].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:accumulate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.4.3 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:accumulate attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:accumulate attribute are none or sum.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:additive</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.4.3 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:additive attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:additive attribute are replace or sum.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:attributeName</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the smil:attributeName attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>charColor: animates the element&#039;s text color.</li><li>charFontName: animates the element&#039;s text font.</li><li>charHeight: animates the element&#039;s text height.</li><li>charPosture: animates the element&#039;s text posture.</li><li>charUnderline: animates the element&#039;s text underline.</li><li>charWeight: animates the element&#039;s text weight.</li><li>color: animates the element&#039;s color, this animates both fill, line and text color. Values can be RGB or HSL.</li><li>fillColor: animates the element&#039;s fill color.</li><li>fillStyle: animates the element&#039;s fill style.</li><li>height: animates the element&#039;s height, values are given in screen space where 0 is no height and 1 is the same height as the screen.</li><li>lineColor: animates the element&#039;s line color.</li><li>lineStyle: animates the element&#039;s line style.</li><li>opacity: animates the element&#039;s opacity.</li><li>rotate: animates the element&#039;s rotation, this animates both the shapes and text animation.</li><li>skewX: animates the element&#039;s horizontal skew.</li><li>skewY: animates the element’s vertical skew.</li><li>visibility: animates the element&#039;s visibility.</li><li>width: animates the element&#039;s width, values are given in screen space where 0 is no width and 1 is the same width as the screen.</li><li>x: animates the element&#039;s x position, values are given in screen space where 0 is the left edge and 1 is the right edge.</li><li>y: animates the element&#039;s y position, values are given in screen space where 0 is the top and 1 is the bottom.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:attributeName attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3 and &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:attributeName attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:autoReverse</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §11.1.2 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:autoReverse attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:autoReverse attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:begin</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:begin attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:begin attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:by</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.4.4 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:by attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:by attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:calcMode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.4.2 and §3.7.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2 and &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6 elements the default value for this attribute is discrete.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5 element the default value for this attribute is paced.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:calcMode attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:calcMode attribute are discrete, linear, paced or spline.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:decelerate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §11.1.2 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined range for the smil:decelerate attribute is 0 to 1, inclusive. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:decelerate attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:decelerate attribute has values of type decimal 18.2 in the range [0,1].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §12.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7 element the default value for this attribute is forward.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:direction attribute are forward or reverse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:dur</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:dur attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:dur attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:end</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:end attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:end attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:endsync</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:endsync attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:endsync attribute are first, last, all, media or a value of type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:fadeColor</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §12.5.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is #000000.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:fadeColor attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:fadeColor attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:fill</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:fill attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:fill attribute are remove, freeze, hold, auto, default or transition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:fillDefault</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:fillDefault attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:fillDefault attribute are remove, freeze, hold, transition, auto or inherit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:from</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.4.4 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:from attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:from attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:keySplines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See $3.7.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:keySplines attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6 and &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:keySplines attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:keyTimes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See $3.7.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:keyTimes attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6 and &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:keyTimes attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §12.5.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:mode attribute are in or out.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:repeatCount</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:repeatCount attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:repeatCount attribute are a non negative value of type decimal 18.2 or indefinite.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:repeatDur</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the smil:repeatDur attribute can be indefinite, or a clock-value as defined in $10.3.1 of SMIL</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:repeatDur attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:repeatDur attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:restart</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:restart attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:restart attribute are never, always, whenNotActive or default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:restartDefault</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is inherit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:restartDefault attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:restartDefault attribute are never, always, whenNotActive or inherit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:subtype</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §12.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: See §12.8 of [SMIL20] for a list of supported subtypes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:subtype attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:subtype attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:targetElement</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Drawing shapes are specified by their xml:id or draw:id attribute values and paragraphs by their xml:id or text:id attribute values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the anim:sub-item attribute of a &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element has the value whole, the iteration includes the drawing shape&#039;s background and its text. If the anim:sub-item 19.11 attribute value is text, only the shape&#039;s text is iterated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:targetElement attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:targetElement attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:to</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.4.4 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:to attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:to attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The [SMIL20] smil:type attribute specifies a transition type or family.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §12.8 of [SMIL20] for a list of supported types.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this attribute is present, the attributes presentation:transition-type and presentation:transition-style attributes should be ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:values</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See $3.4.2 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:values attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:values attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:adjustment</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:adjustment attribute specifies how a footnote separator line is aligned on a page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:adjustment attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>center: footnote separator line centered on page.</li><li>left: footnote separator line aligned to left on page.</li><li>right: footnote separator line aligned to right on page.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is left.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:adjustment attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:adjustment attribute are left, center or right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:apply-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:apply-style-name attribute specifies the style to apply when the condition specified by the style:condition 19.472 attribute is true. If the referenced style is undefined or is an automatic style, an error occurs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The referenced style shall be defined by the same type of element as the conditional style that contains the condition. If the referenced style element has a style:family 19.472 attribute, its value further shall be equal the value of the style:family attribute of the conditional style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:apply-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:apply-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:auto-update</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:auto-update attribute specifies whether styles are automatically updated when the formatting properties of an object that has the style assigned to it are changed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:auto-update attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: a change to a formatting property is applied for the object where the change was made. If necessary, a new automatic style will be created which is applied to the object where the change was made.</li><li>true: a change to a formatting property results in the updating of the common style that is applied to an object. The formatting change is applied to all objects subject to the common style where the change was made. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:auto-update attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:auto-update attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:base-cell-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:base-cell-address attribute specifies as an absolute cell address with a table name the base cell for relative addresses in formulas. This attribute applies only to cell styles where the condition contains a formula.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:base-cell-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:base-cell-address attribute has the data type cellAddress 18.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:char</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:char attribute specifies the delimiter character for tab stops of type char.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:class</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:class attribute specifies a style class name. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> A style may belong to an arbitrary class of styles. The style class name is an arbitrary string. The style class name has no meaning within the file format itself, but it can for instance be evaluated by user interfaces to show a list of styles where the styles are grouped by its name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:class attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:class attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:color attribute specifies the color of a column or footnote separator line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14 element the default value for this attribute is #000000.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:color attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14 and &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:condition</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:condition attribute specifies a condition that triggers a style map.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute should be a namespace prefix, followed by a &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON), followed by one of the defined conditions. If the namespace prefix is missing it defaults to the &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2&quot; namespace. The XML namespace that applies to the style:condition attribute specifies the syntax and semantics of any expression occurrences in the style:condition syntax.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a consumer does not recognize a condition, it shall ignore the &lt;style:map&gt; element containing the condition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined conditions that may be used by paragraph styles are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>footnote() and endnote(): true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a footnote or endnote.</li><li>header() and footer(): true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a page header or footer.</li><li>list-level()=<em>n</em>, where <em>n</em> is a number: true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a list on level <em>n</em>, or to a numbered paragraph on level <em>n</em>.</li><li>outline-level()=<em>n</em>, where <em>n</em> is a number: true if the if the style is applied to a heading on level n.</li><li>section(): true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a text section.</li><li>table() and table-header(): true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a table cell or table header cell.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Within paragraph style conditions <em>n</em> is a positive integer in the lexical form of the [xmlschema-2] positiveInteger datatype.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined conditions that may be used by table cell styles are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>cell-content() <em>op</em> <em>value</em>: where <em>op</em> is one of the relational operators ”&lt;”, ”&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, ”=” or ”!=”: true if the style is applied to a table cell where the cell&#039;s value compared to the value specified in the condition by <em>value</em> using the relational operator <em>op</em> evaluates to true.</li><li>cell-content-is-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true if the style is applied to a table cell whose value is between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</li><li>cell-content-is-not-between(<em>value</em>, <em>value</em>): true if the style is applied to a table cell whose value is not between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</li><li>is-true-formula(<em>expression</em>): true if the style is applied to a table cell for which formula evaluates true.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> Within table cell style conditions:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><ul><li><em>value</em>, <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em> are a <em>numberValue</em>, a <em>string</em> or an <em>expression</em>.</li><li><em>numberValue</em> is a whole or decimal number in the lexical form of the [xmlschema-2] decimal datatype.</li><li><em>string</em> expresses a value of the [xmlschema-2] string datatype by surrounding the sequence of string characters in quotation marks (U+0022, QUOTATION MARK). A quotation mark within the string itself is expressed with two consecutive quotation marks. </li><li><em>expression</em> is a lexical form that is neither <em>numberValue</em> nor <em>string</em> and that is a well-formed expression determined by the namespace applicable to the style:condition attribute value.</li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined condition that may be used by data styles is:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>value() <em>op</em> <em>n</em>, where, <em>op</em> is one of the relational operators ”&lt;”, ”&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, “=” or ”!=”, and <em>n</em> is a number for non-Boolean data styles and true or false for Boolean data styles: true if the style is applied to a table cell where the cell&#039;s value compared to the value specified in the condition by <em>n</em> using the relational operator <em>op</em> evaluates to true.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Relative cell range addresses that occur in a condition for a table cell style define an offset which shall be interpreted relative to the cell for which a condition is calculated. The offset is the same as the offsets between the table cell addressed by the relative cell range address and the table cell specified by the style:base-cell-address attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator makes available the host-dependent properties defined by Table 16 Host-dependent Properties in 19.646.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:data-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies the name of a data style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a date and time. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; 10.9.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style for a &lt;style:style&gt; element that defines the styles for table cell styles and chart styles. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:expression&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:time&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:default-outline-level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:default-outline-level attribute specifies a default outline level for a style with the style:family 19.480 attribute value paragraph. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the style:default-outline-level attribute is present in a paragraph style, and if this paragraph style is assigned to a paragraph or heading by user action, then the consumer should replace the paragraph or heading with a heading of the specified level, which has the same content and attributes as the original paragraph or heading. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This attribute does not modify the behavior of &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3 or &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2 elements, but only instructs a consumer to create one or the other when assigning a paragraph style as a result of user interface action while the document is edited.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:default-outline-level attribute value can be empty. If empty, this attribute does not inherit a list style value from a parent style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:default-outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:default-outline-level attribute are a value of type positiveInteger 18.2 or an empty string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:display</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:display attribute specifies whether the header or footer is displayed or not. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: header or footer is not displayed.</li><li>true: header or footer is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:display attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:display attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:display-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:display-name attribute specifies the name of a style as it should appear in the user interface. If this attribute is not present, the display name should be the same as the style name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:display-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; 16.43, &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 and &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:distance</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:distance attribute specifies the distance between the last of the characters using the larger font and the first of the remaining characters of each line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: If the leading characters for a paragraph span the line size of a portion of the remaining text of a paragraph, the style:distance attribute specifies the distance between the end of the text written in the larger font and the smaller text of any lines that it spans. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; 17.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:distance attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:distance-before-sep</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:distance-before-sep attribute specifies the space between the body-text area and a footnote separator line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:distance-before-sep attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:distance-before-sep attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:distance-after-sep</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:distance-after-sep attribute specifies the space between a footnote separator line and the footnote text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:distance-after-sep attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:distance-after-sep attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:family</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:family attribute specifies the family of a style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:family attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>chart: family name of styles for charts.</li><li>drawing-page: family name of styles for drawing pages.</li><li>graphic: family name of styles for graphic elements.</li><li>paragraph: family name of styles for paragraphs.</li><li>presentation: family name of styles for presentations.</li><li>ruby: family name of styles for ruby text.</li><li>table: family name of styles for tables.</li><li>table-cell: family name of styles for table cells.</li><li>table-column: family name of styles for table columns.</li><li>table-row: family name of styles for table rows.</li><li>text: family name of styles for text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:family attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:filter-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:filter-name attribute specifies the implementation-dependent filter name that has been used to load an image into the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is attached to a &lt;style:background-image&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:filter-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:filter-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-adornments</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-adornments attributes specifies a characteristic of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: A font characteristic includes bold or italic, which when used with a font family name, specifies a font. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-adornments attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-adornments attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-charset</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset attribute specifies whether a font defines glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE] or not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of [XML1.0]. If the value is x-symbol, the font does not define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. If the value is one of the encodings or transformations of [UNICODE], the font does define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. The use of other values is deprecated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define glyphs for code points in the private use area of [UNICODE].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset attribute has the data type textEncoding 18.3.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-family-generic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-generic attribute specifies a generic font family name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-family-generic attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </li><li>modern: the family of modern fonts. </li><li>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </li><li>script: the family of script fonts. </li><li>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </li><li>system: the family system fonts. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-generic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-family-generic attribute are roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-pitch</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-pitch attribute specifies whether a font has a fixed or variable width.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-pitch attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fixed: font has a fixed width.</li><li>variable: font has a variable width.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-pitch attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-pitch attribute are fixed or variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:height attribute specifies the height of a column separator line. The value of this attribute is a percentage of the height of the columned area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value range for the style:height attribute is 0% to 100%, inclusive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 100%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:height attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:leader-char</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-char attribute specifies a leader character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:leader-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-color attribute specifies the color of a leader line. The value of this attribute is either font-color or a color. If the value is font-color, the current text color is used for the leader line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:leader-color attribute are font-color or a value of type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:leader-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-style attribute specifies a style for a leader line. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:leader-style attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none: tab stop has no leader line.</li><li>dash: tab stop has a dashed leader line.</li><li>dot-dash: tab stop has a leader line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed by a dash.</li><li>dot-dot-dash: tab stop has a leader line whose repeating pattern has two dots followed by a dash. </li><li>dotted: tab stop has a dotted leader line.</li><li>long-dash: tab stop has a dashed leader line whose dashes are longer than the ones from the dashed line for value dash.</li><li>solid: tab stop has a solid leader line.</li><li>wave: tab stop has a wavy leader line.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the style:leader-style attribute are based on the text decoration style &#039;text-underline-style&#039; from [CSS3Text], §9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:leader-style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:leader-text</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-text attribute specifies a single Unicode character for use as leader text for tab stops.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An consumer may support only specific characters as textual leaders. If a character that is not supported by a consumer is specified by this attribute, the consumer should display a leader character that it supports instead of the one specified by this attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If both style:leader-text and style:leader-style 19.480 attributes are specified, the value of the style:leader-text sets the leader text for tab stops.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is “ ” (U+0020, SPACE).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-text attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-text attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:leader-text-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-text-style specifies a text style that is applied to a textual leader. It is not applied to leader lines. If the attribute appears in an automatic style, it may reference either an automatic text style or a common style. If the attribute appears in a common style, it may reference a common style only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-text-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-text-style attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:leader-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-type attribute specifies whether a leader line should be drawn, and if so, whether a single or double line will be used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:leader-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>double: a double line is drawn.</li><li>none: no line is drawn.</li><li>single: a single line is drawn.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:leader-type attribute are none, single or double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:leader-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-width attribute specifies the width (i.e., thickness) of a leader line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:leader-width attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: the width of a leader line should be calculated from the font size of the text where the leader line will appear. </li><li>bold: the width of a leader line should be calculated from the font size of the text where the leader line will appear but is wider than for the value of auto. </li><li>a value of type percent 18.3.23</li><li>a value of type positiveInteger 18.2</li><li>a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The line widths referenced by the values medium, normal, thick and thin are implementation-defined. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:leader-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:leader-width attribute are auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type positiveInteger 18.2, a value of type percent 18.3.23 or a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:legend-expansion</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:legend-expansion attribute specifies the direction in which a legend expands. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:legend-expansion attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>balanced: legend expands horizontally and vertically.</li><li>custom: with a style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio 19.495 attribute legend expands according to the specified ratio.</li><li>high: legend expands vertically. </li><li>wide: legend expands horizontally.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:legend-expansion attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio attribute specifies the ratio between width and height for a style:legend-expansion 19.494 attribute with value custom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:length</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:length attribute specifies the number of characters that are displayed in a larger font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:length attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>word: specifies a set of characters to be displayed in a larger font.</li><li>a value of type positiveInteger 18.2</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: What will be treated as a “word” by a consumer is locale-specific. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:length attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; 17.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:length attribute are word or a value of type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:line-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:line-style attribute specifies the style of a footnote separator line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value for the style:line-style attribute is none: no footnote separator line is drawn.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The footnote separator components referenced by the values dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash, dotted, long-dash, solid and wave, are implementation-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:line-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:line-style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:lines attribute specifies the number of text lines which a font spans. If the value of this attribute is 1, &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; is disabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; 17.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:lines attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:list-level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:list-level attribute specifies the list level value of a list style that may be applied to any paragraph style. It does not directly specify the paragraph&#039;s list level value, but consumers can change the paragraph&#039;s list level value to the specified value when the paragraph style is applied. It is valid only if the style:list-style-name 19.480 attribute is specified and is not empty, and if the style:family 19.480 attribute has the value paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:list-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:list-level attribute are a value of type positiveInteger 18.2 or an empty string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:list-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:list-style-name attribute specifies a list style for style families with paragraph formatting properties. This applies to automatic and common styles.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The list style specified by this attribute is applied to headings and paragraphs that are contained in a list, where the list does not specify a list style itself, and the list has no list style specification for any of its parents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:list-style-name attribute value can be empty. If empty, this attribute does not inherit a list style value from a parent style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:list-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:list-style-name attribute are a value of type styleName 18.3.31 or an empty string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:master-page-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:master-page-name attribute defines a master page for a paragraph or table style. This applies to automatic and common styles. &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this attribute is associated with a style, a page break is inserted when the style is applied and the specified master page is applied to the resulting page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if it is associated with a paragraph style that is applied to a paragraph within a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:master-page-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:master-page-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:name attribute specifies names that reference style mechanisms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;, &lt;number:currency-style&gt;, &lt;number:date-style&gt;, &lt;number:number-style&gt;, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt;, &lt;number:text-style&gt;, &lt;number:time-style&gt;, &lt;style:master-page&gt;, &lt;style:page-layout&gt;, &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;, &lt;style:style&gt;, &lt;text:list-style&gt;, &lt;text:outline-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:name attribute specifies the name of a:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>data style - It can be used with all data style elements.</li><li>list style</li><li>master page - Each master page is referenced using the page name. The name specified shall be unique to the document instance.</li><li>outline style - The outline style as a list style can be referenced by the style:list-style-name 19.500 attribute.</li><li>page layout </li><li>style – With the style:family 19.480 attribute, the style:name attribute uniquely identifies a style. The &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2, &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4 elements each shall not contain two styles with the same family and the same name.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For automatic styles, the name may be generated by OpenDocument producers. For each style family or style element, producers should generate distinct sets of names for automatic styles stored in the content.xml 3.1.3.2 and styles.xml 3.1.3.3 files. The names should also be distinct from the names used in the &lt;office:styles&gt; element inside the styles.xml files.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: If the document is produced multiple times, it cannot be assumed that the same name is generated each time. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5, &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; 16.43, &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2, &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32 and &lt;text:outline-style&gt; 16.36.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:name attribute specifies a unique name for a font declaration. This name can be used inside styles as an attribute of the &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element) as the value of a style:font-name attribute to immediately select a font face declaration.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:next-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute specifies a style to be used with pages and paragraphs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute specifies the name of the master page that is used for the next page if the current page is entirely filled. If the next style name is not specified, the current master page is used for the next page. The value of this attribute shall be the name of a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Within styles for paragraphs, style:next-style-name attribute specifies the style to be used for the next paragraph if a paragraph break is inserted in the user interface. By default, the current style is used as the next style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:num-format</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-format attribute specifies a numbering sequence. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:num-format attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>1: Hindu-Arabic number sequence starts with 1.</li><li>a: number sequence of lowercase Modern Latin basic alphabet characters starts with “a”.</li><li>A: number sequence of uppercase Modern Latin basic alphabet characters starts with “A”.</li><li>i: number sequence of lowercase Roman numerals starts with “i”.</li><li>I: number sequence of uppercase Roman numerals start with “I”.</li><li>a value of type string 18.2.</li><li>an empty string: no number sequence displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If no value is given, no number sequence is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-format attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34, &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:num-format attribute are 1, i, I, a value of type string 18.2, an empty string, a or A.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:num-letter-sync</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute specifies whether letter synchronization shall take place. If letters are used in alphabetical order for numbering, there are two ways to process overflows within a digit, as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: A new digit is inserted that always has the same value as the following digit. The numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in that case is a, b, c, ..., z, aa, bb, cc, ..., zz, aaa, ..., and so on.</li><li>true: A new digit is inserted. Its start value is ”a” or ”A”, and it is incremented every time an overflow occurs in the following digit. The numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in that case is a,b,c, ..., z, aa, ab, ac, ...,az, ba, ..., and so on. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34, &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:num-prefix</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute specifies what to display before a number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the style:num-prefix and style:num-suffix values do not contain any character that has a Unicode category of Nd, Nl, No, Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an [XSLT] format attribute can be created from the OpenDocument attributes by concatenating the values of the style:num-prefix, style:num-format 19.507, and style:num-suffix 19.500 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute can also specify a character before the value of a text:bullet-char 19.765 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34, &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:num-suffix</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute specifies what to display after a number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the style:num-prefix 19.765 and style:num-suffix 19.507 values do not contain any character that has a Unicode category of Nd, Nl, No, Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an [XSLT] format attribute can be created from the OpenDocument attributes by concatenating the values of the style:num-prefix, style:num-format, and style:num-suffix attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute can also specify a character after the value of a text:bullet-char 19.765 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34, &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:page-layout-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:page-layout-name attribute specifies a page layout style that contains sizes, border and orientation attributes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:page-layout-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:page-layout-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:page-usage</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:page-usage attribute specifies the type of pages that a master page should generate.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:page-usage attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>all: if there are no &lt;style:header-left&gt; or &lt;style:footer-left&gt; elements, the header and footer content is the same for left and right pages.</li><li>left: &lt;style:header-right&gt; and &lt;style:footer-right&gt; elements are ignored.</li><li>mirrored: if there are no &lt;style:header-left&gt; or &lt;style:footer-left&gt; elements, the header and footer content is the same for left and right pages.</li><li>right: &lt;style:header-left&gt; and &lt;style:footer-left&gt; elements are ignored.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:page-usage attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:page-usage attribute are all, left, right or mirrored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:parent-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:parent-style-name attribute specifies the name of a parent style. The parent style cannot be an automatic style and shall exist.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a parent style is not specified, the default style which has the same style:family 19.480 attribute value as the current style is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:parent-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:parent-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:percentage-data-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:percentage-data-style-name attribute references the name of a percentage data style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:data-label-number attribute when the chart:data-label-number attribute has the value percentage or the value value-and-percentage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:percentage-data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:percentage-data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute defines a position.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:position attribute specifies the position of a background image. Its value can be a space-separated combination of top, center or bottom for the vertical position and left, center or right for the horizontal position. The vertical and horizontal positions can be specified in any order. If one position is specified, the other position defaults to center. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3 element the default value for this attribute is center.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:position attribute are left, center, right, top, bottom, or two white space separated values, that may appear in any order. One of these values is one of: left, center or right. The other value is one of: top, center or bottom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:position attribute specifies the position of a tab stop. Depending on the value of the text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861 attribute in the &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2 or &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2 parent element, the position of the tab is interpreted as being relative to the left margin or the left indent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:position attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:position attribute specifies the position of a tab stop. If the value of the style:type attribute is left, then this attribute shall be present. Otherwise, it shall be omitted. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Depending on the value of the text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861 attribute in the &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.5.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2 or &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2 parent element, the position of the tab is interpreted as being relative to the left margin or the left indent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:position attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rel-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-height attribute specifies height of a drawing object as a relative value within a frame. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:rel-height attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>scale: the height should be calculated depending on the width, so that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size is preserved.</li><li>scale-min: the height should be calculated as for value scale, but the calculated height is a minimum height rather than an absolute one.</li><li>a value of type percent 18.3.23.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The interpretation of percentage values depends on the anchor of the drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, the percentage values is relative to the width of the page or window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width and heights, producers should also provide the height in svg:height and fo:min-height attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:rel-height attribute are a value of type percent 18.3.23, scale or scale-min.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rel-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies widths.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies the width of a drawing object as a relative value within a frame. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:rel-width attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>scale:the width should be calculated depending on the height, so that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size is preserved.</li><li>scale-min: the width should be calculated as for value scale, but the calculated width is a minimum width rather than an absolute one.</li><li>a value of type percent 18.3.23.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The interpretation of percentage values depends on the anchor of the drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, the percentage values is relative to the width of the page or window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width, producers should also provide the width and heights in the svg:width and fo:min-width attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:rel-width attribute are a value of type percent 18.3.23, scale or scale-min.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies the width of a column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Column widths are specified as relative widths, that is, a number followed by a &quot;*&quot; (U+002A, ASTERISK) character.  The space available for columns is distributed according to their relative widths.&quot;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute has the data type relativeLength 18.3.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies the length of the footnote separator line as a percentage of the body-text area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:repeat</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:repeat attribute specifies if an image can be repeated or stretched over an area. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:repeat attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>no-repeat: image should not be repeated.</li><li>repeat: image should be repeated.</li><li>stretch: image should be stretched over an area.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3 element the default value for this attribute is repeat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:repeat attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:repeat attribute are no-repeat, repeat or stretch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the fo:language 19.871, fo:script 19.242 and fo:country 19.234 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note. Producers may choose to assist consumers that don&#039;t support the style:rfc-language-tag attribute by specifying fo:language, fo:script and fo:country attributes with values whose combination is otherwise invalid and whose interpretation is therefore implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2 and &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:style attribute specifies the line style of a column separator line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:style attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none: no separator line.</li><li>dashed: dashed separator line.</li><li>dot-dashed: separator line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed by a dash.</li><li>dotted: dotted separator line.</li><li>solid: solid separator line.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is solid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dashed or dot-dashed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:style-name attribute specifies the text style to apply to characters specified by a &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; 17.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:type attribute specifies a tab stop type.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:type attribute specifies the type of a tab stop within an index entry template. If the value of this attribute is left, the style:position attribute shall also be present. Otherwise, this attribute shall be omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>left: text is left aligned with a tab stop.</li><li>right: text is right aligned with a tab stop.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:type attribute are right or left.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:type attribute specifies the type of a tab stop within paragraph formatting properties. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>center: text is centered on a tab stop.</li><li>char: character appears at a tab stop position.</li><li>left: text is left aligned with a tab stop.</li><li>right: text is right aligned with a tab stop.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8 element the default value for this attribute is left.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:type attribute are left, center, right or char.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:vertical-align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute specifies how to vertically align a line in a columned area. The value of this attribute can be either top, middle, or bottom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:vertical-align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>bottom: line is aligned with the bottom of a columned area.</li><li>middle: line is aligned with the middle of a columned area.</li><li>top: line is aligned with the top of a columned area.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;style:column-sep&gt; element the default value for this attribute is top.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:vertical-align attribute are top, middle or bottom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:volatile</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:volatile attribute specifies whether unused style in a document are retained or discarded by consumers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:volatile attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: consumers should discard the unused styles.</li><li>true: consumers should keep unused styles.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:volatile attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:volatile attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:width attribute specifies a width. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:width attribute specifies the width of a column separation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:width attribute width or thickness of a line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:accent-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:accent-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:accent-height attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:alphabetic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:alphabetic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:alphabetic attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:ascent</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:ascent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:ascent attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:bbox</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:bbox attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:bbox attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:cap-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cap-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cap-height attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:cx</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cx attribute defines the x-axis coordinate of the center of a circular image map area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cx attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cx attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §9.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cx attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cx attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §9.4 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cx attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cx attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3 element the default value for this attribute is 50%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cx attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:cx attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:cy</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cy attribute defines the y-axis coordinate of the center of a circular image map area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cy attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §9.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cy attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §9.4 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cy attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3 element the default value for this attribute is 50%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:cy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:cy attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:d</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §8 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:d attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3, &lt;draw:marker&gt; 16.42.8 and &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:d attribute has the data type pathData 18.3.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:descent</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:descent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:descent attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:font-family</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:font-family attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:font-family attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:font-size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:font-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:font-size attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:font-stretch</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:font-stretch attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:font-stretch attribute are normal, ultra-condensed, extra-condensed, condensed, semi-condensed, semi-expanded, expanded, extra-expanded or ultra-expanded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:font-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:font-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:font-style attribute are normal, italic or oblique.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:font-variant</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:font-variant attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:font-variant attribute are normal or small-caps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:font-weight</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:font-weight attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:font-weight attribute are normal, bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:fx</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:fx attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:fx attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:fy</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:fy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:fy attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:gradientTransform</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.2.2 and §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:gradientTransform attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 and &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:gradientTransform attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:gradientUnits</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.2.2 and §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is objectBoundingBox.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:gradientUnits attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 and &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The only value of the svg:gradientUnits attribute is objectBoundingBox.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:hanging</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:hanging attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:hanging attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of the entire chart. If it is omitted, the size of the chart is determined by the size of the window in which the chart is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a legend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a positioning rectangle, see 11.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of the plot-area including axis labels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute specifies the height of the viewport. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a polygonal image map area&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a rectangular image map area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a contour&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3 and &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute may be used to specify the height of a linked image. Its value is overridden by the height of the linked image resource.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This attribute can be used to estimate the size of a fill image without loading the image data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §5.1.2 of [SVG]. For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the length refers to the drawing shape&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the svg:width and svg:height attributes specify different values for a &lt;draw:circle&gt; element, the radius of the circle is derived from the smaller of the two values, and the circle is centered within the bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute specifies the height of the rectangular which displays the annotation. Its meaning is the same as for a &lt;draw:caption&gt; element. See 19.575.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See 19.575.12. Percentage values are relative to the height of the drawing page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:ideographic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:ideographic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:ideographic attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:mathematical</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:mathematical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:mathematical attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-name&gt; 16.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:offset</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.2.4 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:offset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:stop&gt; 16.42.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:offset attribute are a value of type double 18.2 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:origin</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §19.2.12 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: SVG relies upon the definition of origin in SMIL, see: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-smil-animation-20010904/#MotionOriginAttribute">http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-smil-animation-20010904/#MotionOriginAttribute</a>. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:origin attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:origin attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:overline-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:overline-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:overline-position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:overline-thickness</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:overline-thickness attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:overline-thickness attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:panose-1</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:panose-1 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:panose-1 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:path</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §19.2.12 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:path attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:path attribute has the data type pathData 18.3.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:r</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:r attribute defines the radius of a circular image map area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:r attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:r attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:r attribute defines the radius of a circle. The use of this attribute is defined by §9.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: If a &lt;draw:circle&gt; element does not have a value for the svg:r attribute, then its svg:x, svg:y, svg:height, and svg:width attributes can be used to define the geometry of a circle.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:r attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:r attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3 element the default value for this attribute is 50%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:r attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:r attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:rx</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §9.4 of[SVG]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:rx and svg:ry attributes can be used to round off the corners of a rectangle. The svg:rx attribute specifies the x-axis radius of the ellipse used to round off the corners of a rectangle. The svg:ry attribute specifies the y-axis radius of that ellipse. If only the svg:rx attribute is present then its value will be used for svg:ry. If only a svg:ry attribute is present then its value will be used for svg:rx.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For use of this attribute with &lt;draw:rect&gt; see §9.2 of [SVG]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For use of this attribute with &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; see §9.4 of [SVG]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:rx attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9 and &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:rx attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:ry</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §9.4 of [SVG]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:rx and svg:ry attributes can be used to round off the corners of a rectangle. The svg:rx attribute specifies the x-axis radius of the ellipse used to round off the corners of a rectangle. The svg:ry attribute specifies the y-axis radius of that ellipse. If only the svg:rx attribute is present then its value will be used for svg:ry. If only a svg:ry attribute is present then its value will be used for svg:rx.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:ry attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9 and &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:ry attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:slope</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:slope attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:slope attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:spreadMethod</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.2.2 and §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is pad.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:spreadMethod attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 and &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:spreadMethod attribute are pad, reflect or repeat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:stemh</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stemh attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stemh attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:stemv</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stemv attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stemv attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:stop-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.2.4 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stop-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:stop&gt; 16.42.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stop-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:stop-opacity</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.2.4 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stop-opacity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:stop&gt; 16.42.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stop-opacity attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:strikethrough-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:strikethrough-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:strikethrough-position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:strikethrough-thickness</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:strikethrough-thickness attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:strikethrough-thickness attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:string</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:string attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-format&gt; 16.28.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:string attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §19.2.14 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:type attribute are translate, scale, rotate, skewX or skewY.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:underline-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:underline-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:underline-position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:underline-thickness</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:underline-thickness attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:underline-thickness attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:unicode-range</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:unicode-range attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:unicode-range attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:units-per-em</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:units-per-em attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:units-per-em attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:v-alphabetic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:v-alphabetic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:v-alphabetic attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:v-hanging</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:v-hanging attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:v-hanging attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:v-ideographic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:v-ideographic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:v-ideographic attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:v-mathematical</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:v-mathematical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:v-mathematical attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:viewBox</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:viewBox attribute specifies a rectangle in a local coordinate system of a shape. The syntax for using this attribute is the same as the [SVG] syntax. The value of the attribute are four numbers separated by white spaces, which define the left, top, width, and height of the rectangle. Such local coordinate system is used by the draw:points 19.206 and svg:d 19.530 attributes, as well as by the attributes of &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2 element and its child elements which specify coordinates.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The rectangle specified be the svg:viewBox attribute is mapped to the rectangle in the outer coordinate system, specified by the position and size attributes of the shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:viewBox attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3, &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2, &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2, &lt;draw:marker&gt; 16.42.8, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5 and &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:viewBox attribute are four white space separated values of type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a chart. If it is omitted, the size of a chart is determined by the size of its &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1 document or its containing element in another document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a positioning rectangle, see 11.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the thickness of a floor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:floor&gt; 11.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a legend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a plot-area including axis labels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies the thickness of a wall for three-dimensional charts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:wall&gt; 11.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies the width of the viewport. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a polygonal image map area&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a rectangular image map area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a contour&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3 and &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute may be used to specify the width of a linked image. Its value is overridden by the width of the linked image resource.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This attribute can be used to estimate the size of a fill image without loading the image data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §5.1.2 of [SVG]. For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the length refers to the drawing shape&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the svg:width and svg:height 19.234 attributes specify different values for a &lt;draw:circle&gt; element, the radius of the circle is derived from the smaller of the two values, and the circle is centered within the bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies the width of the rectangular which displays the annotation. Its meaning is the same as for a &lt;draw:caption&gt; element. See 19.575.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See 19.575.12. Percentage values are relative to the width of the drawing page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:widths</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:widths attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:widths attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:x</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies the horizontal distance of the upper left corner of the &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element from the upper left corner of the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;, &lt;chart:equation&gt;, &lt;chart:footer&gt;, &lt;chart:legend&gt;, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt;, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt;, &lt;chart:title&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies the horizontal distance of the upper-left corner of the given element from the upper-left corner of the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19, &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2 and &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute defines the x-axis coordinate of a polygonal image map area&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute defines the x-axis coordinate of a rectangular image map area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies the horizontal position of the left edge of the viewport.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §5.1.2 of [SVG]. For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the coordinate refers to the drawing shape&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies the horizontal position of the glue point. The coordinate is either a percentage value relative to the drawing shape&#039;s center measured horizontally, or, if the draw:align 19.111 attribute is also specified, an absolute distance value relative to the edge specified by the draw:align attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:x attribute are a value of type distance 18.3.15 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies the horizontal position of an annotation. Its meaning is the same as for a &lt;draw:caption&gt; element. See 19.577.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See 19.577.6. Percentage values are relative to the height of the drawing page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:x attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:x1</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §9.5 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x1 attribute may be omitted on &lt;draw:connector&gt; elements when the connector is connected to a shape by a draw:start-shape 19.217 attribute. The start position then is the position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x1 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3 and &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x1 attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 element the default value for this attribute is 0%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x1 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:x1 attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:x2 </h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §9.5 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x2 attribute may be omitted on &lt;draw:connector&gt; elements when the connector is connected to a shape by a draw:end-shape 19.144 attribute. The end position then is the position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x2 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3 and &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x2 attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 element the default value for this attribute is 100%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x2 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:x2 attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:x-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x-height attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:y</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the vertical distance of the upper left corner of the &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element from the upper left-corner of the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;, &lt;chart:equation&gt;, &lt;chart:footer&gt;, &lt;chart:legend&gt;, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt;, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt;, &lt;chart:title&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the vertical distance of the upper-left corner of the given element from the upper-left corner of the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19, &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2 and &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute defines the y-axis coordinate of a polygonal image map area&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attributes defines the y-axis coordinate of a rectangular image map area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the vertical position of the top edge of the viewport.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:g&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §5.1.2 of [SVG]. For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the coordinate refers to the drawing shape&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the vertical position of the glue point. The coordinate is either a percentage value relative to the drawing shape&#039;s center measured vertically, or, if the draw:align 19.111 attribute is also specified, an absolute distance value relative to the edge specified by the draw:align attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:y attribute are a value of type distance 18.3.15 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the position where the annotation is displayed. Its meaning is the same as for a &lt;draw:caption&gt; element. See 19.577.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See 19.581.6. Percentage values are relative to the height of the drawing page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:y attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:y1</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §9.5 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y1 attribute may be omitted on &lt;draw:connector&gt; elements when the connector is connected to a shape by a draw:start-shape 19.217 attribute. The start position then is the position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y1 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3 and &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y1 attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 element the default value for this attribute is 0%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y1 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:y1 attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:y2</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §9.5 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y2 attribute may be omitted on &lt;draw:connector&gt; elements when the connector is connected to a shape by a draw:end-shape 19.144 attribute. The end position then is the position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y2 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3 and &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y2 attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 element the default value for this attribute is 100%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y2 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:y2 attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:acceptance-state</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:acceptance-state attribute specifies whether a tracked change has been accepted or rejected already, or whether an acceptance or rejection is still pending.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:acceptance-state attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>accepted: a tracked change has been accepted.</li><li>pending: a tracked change is pending approval or rejection.</li><li>rejected: a tracked change has been rejected.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is pending.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:acceptance-state attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3 and &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:acceptance-state attribute are accepted, rejected or pending.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:algorithm</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:algorithm attribute specifies the algorithm used to compare sort keys. To avoid name conflicts between different consumers, the name of the algorithm should begin with a namespace prefix, followed by a “:” (U+003A, COLON) separator. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:algorithm attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:algorithm attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:add-empty-lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:add-empty-lines attribute specifies whether an empty row is inserted in the data pilot table after the data (including the subtotals) for each member of the field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:add-empty-lines attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: an empty line should not be inserted after the data for a member, including any subtotal of that member.</li><li>true: an empty line should not be inserted after the data for a member, including any subtotal of that member.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:add-empty-lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; 9.6.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:add-empty-lines attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:allow-empty-cell</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:allow-empty-cell attribute specifies whether a cell can be empty.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:allow-empty-cell attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cell cannot be empty.</li><li>true: cell can be empty.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:allow-empty-cell attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:allow-empty-cell attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:application-data</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:application-data attribute specifies extra information about a data pilot table, which can be used by a consumer. This data shall not influence the behavior of the data pilot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:application-data attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:application-data attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:automatic-find-labels</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:automatic-find-labels attribute specifies whether a consumer should attempt to find labels of rows and columns. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:automatic-find-labels attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: consumers should not attempt to find labels of rows and columns.</li><li>true: consumers should attempt find labels of rows and columns.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The table:automatic-find-labels attribute enables the use of the automatic lookup of labels capability defined by OpenFormula. OpenFormula, 5.10.2. (*update*)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:automatic-find-labels attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:automatic-find-labels attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:base-cell-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:base-cell-address attribute specifies the address of the base cell for relative addresses in formulas that occur within a condition. This attribute is only necessary when the condition contains a formula. The value of this attribute shall be an absolute cell address that contains a table name. The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) that indicate an absolute address may be omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:base-cell-address attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5, &lt;table:named-expression&gt; 9.4.13 and &lt;table:named-range&gt; 9.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:base-cell-address attribute has the data type cellAddress 18.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:bind-styles-to-content</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:bind-styles-to-content attribute specifies whether cells retain their style after a subtotal calculation. This attribute is only evaluated if a &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; element is present.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:bind-styles-to-content attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cells need not retain their style after a subtotal calculation.</li><li>true: cells should retain their style after a subtotal calculation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:bind-styles-to-content attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19 and &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:bind-styles-to-content attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:border-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:border-color attribute specifies the color of a border that is displayed around a scenario that belongs to a scenario table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:border-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:border-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:buttons</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:buttons attribute specifies the cells in a data pilot table that should be displayed as buttons to trigger interactive operations on the table such as changing the order of columns. Its value is a list of white-space-separated cell-addresses. The value of this attribute shall be an absolute cell address that contains a table name. The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) that indicate an absolute address may be omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:buttons attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:buttons attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:case-sensitive</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:case-sensitive attribute specifies whether to distinguish between upper and lower case when comparing, sorting or filtering content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That attribute is only evaluated if the operations take place on strings. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:case-sensitive attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: upper and lower case are not distinguished when comparing, sorting or filtering content.</li><li>true: upper and lower case are distinguished when comparing, sorting or filtering content.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1 element the default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5, &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19 and &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21 elements the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:case-sensitive attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5, &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19 and &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:case-sensitive attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:cell-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-address attribute specifies the original address of a cell used in a calculation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-address attribute has the data type cellAddress 18.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:cell-range</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range attribute specifies a list of ranges of cells.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2 and &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:cell-range-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies a range of cells or a list of ranges of cells.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the source from which the category labels are taken. If this attribute or the &lt;chart:categories&gt; element is omitted the chart:data-source-has-labels 19.17 attribute of the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element should be evaluated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:domain&gt; - bubble</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the x and y-coordinate values for bubble charts when the chart:class 11.5 attribute of its parent &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element has the value chart:bubble.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:domain&gt;- scatter</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the x-coordinate values for scatter charts when the chart:class 19.15 attribute of its parent &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element has the value chart:scatter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:domain&gt; - surface</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute of the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; element specifies the y-coordinate values and the table:cell-range-address attribute of the second &lt;chart:domain&gt; element specifies the x-coordinate values for surface charts when the chart:class 19.15 attribute of its parent &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element has the value chart:surface and the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of this &lt;chart:series&gt; element specifies a range with more than one row and more than one column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the ranges of data for a chart. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute at the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element has no effect in case the data is assigned to the &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 elements directly by chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The use of the table:cell-range-address attribute is deprecated in favor of the chart:values-cell-range-address attributes of &lt;chart:series&gt; elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the address of a range that is highlighted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the address of a named range. The address can be either absolute or relative. If the cell range address is relative, the parent &lt;table:named-range&gt; element shall have a table:base-cell-address 19.590 attribute with a value. A relative cell address defines an offset which shall be interpreted relative to the cell where the named range is used. The offset is the same as the offsets between the table cell addressed by the relative cell range address and the table cell specified by the table:base-cell-address attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:named-range&gt; 9.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the cell range containing the source data. The value of this attribute shall be an absolute cell address that contains a table name. The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) that indicate an absolute address may be omitted. If a table:name 19.677 attribute on an element specifies a named range, the cell range specified by the table:cell-range 19.596 attribute on the same element, shall match the cell range specified by the named range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:column</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:column attribute specifies the column number of a cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:column attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-address&gt; 9.9.18, &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:column attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:comment</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:comment attribute specifies a comment about a scenario.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:comment attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:comment attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:condition</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:condition attribute specifies a condition that is used to validate the value of a table cell. When evaluation of the condition results in false, any action taken is determine by the other attributes and child elements of the &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Possible actions include presentation of a message, triggering an event, and performance of a script, with or without invalidating the value. The table:allow-empty-cell 19.587 attribute value influences whether the table:condition is applicable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute should be a namespace prefix, followed by a &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON), followed by Boolean expression. If the namespace prefix is missing the namespace defaults to the &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2&quot; namespace. The XML namespace that applies to the table:condition attribute specifies the syntax and semantics of the <em>expression</em> occurrences in the table:condition syntax. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The value of the table:base-cell-address 19.590 attribute of the &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5 element can influence how references are resolved in an <em>expression</em> anywhere within the defined conditions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator makes available the host-dependent properties defined by Table 16 Host-dependent Properties in 19.646.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined conditions are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>cell-content-text-length() <em>op</em> <em>value</em>, where <em>op</em> is one of the relational operators ””&lt;”,“&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, ”=” or “!=”: true if the length of the cell&#039;s text compared to the value specified in the condition by <em>value</em> using the relational operator <em>op</em> evaluates to true. </li><li>cell-content-text-length-is-between(value1, value2): true if the length of the cell&#039;s text is between value1 and value2. </li><li>cell-content-text-length-is-not-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true if the length of the cell&#039;s text is not between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>. </li><li>cell-content-is-in-list(<em>list</em>), where <em>list</em> is one or more string entries, separated by ”;” (U+003B, SEMICOLON), or an <em>expression</em>: true if the cell&#039;s content is in <em>list</em>. </li><li>cell-content-is-decimal-number() and <em>condition</em>, where <em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the cell has a numeric value and <em>condition</em> is true. </li><li>cell-content-is-whole-number() and <em>condition</em>, where <em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the cell&#039;s cell has a whole-number value and <em>condition</em> is true.</li><li>cell-content-is-date() and <em>condition</em>, where <em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the cell has a date value and <em>condition</em> is true. </li><li>cell-content-is-time() and <em>condition</em>, where <em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the cell has a time value and <em>condition</em> is true. </li><li>is-true-formula(<em>expression</em>): true if evaluation of the <em>expression</em> yields a value that converts to logical type value true in the semantics for the <em>expression</em>; false otherwise. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value conditions are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>cell-content() <em>op</em> <em>value</em>, where <em>op</em> is one of the relational operators ”&lt;”, ”&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, ”=” or ”!=”: true if the cell&#039;s value compared to the value specified in the condition by <em>value</em> using the relational operator <em>op</em> evaluates to true. </li><li>cell-content-is-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true if the cell&#039;s value is between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</li><li>cell-content-is-not-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true if the cell&#039;s value is not between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</li><li>is-true-formula(<em>expression</em>): true if evaluation of the <em>expression</em> yields a value that converts to logical value true in the semantics for the <em>expression</em>; false otherwise. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Within the conditions: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><em>value</em>, <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em> are a <em>numberValue</em>, a <em>string</em> or an <em>expression</em>. </li><li><em>numberValue</em> is a whole or decimal number in the lexical form of the [xmlschema-2] decimal datatype. </li><li><em>string</em> expresses a value of the [xmlschema-2] string datatype by surrounding the sequence of string characters in quotation marks (U+0022, QUOTATION MARK). A quotation mark within the string itself is expressed with two consecutive quotation marks. </li><li><em>expression</em> is a lexical form that is neither <em>numberValue</em> nor <em>string</em> and that is a well-formed expression determined by the namespace applicable to the table:condition value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:condition-source</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:condition-source attribute specifies whether the condition is contained in a filter or encoded in a cell range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:condition-source attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>cell-range: condition encoded into the cell range specified by a table:condition-source-range-address 19.602 attribute. </li><li>self: condition specified by the &lt;table:filter&gt; element&#039;s child elements.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is self.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:condition-source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:condition-source attribute are self or cell-range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:condition-source-range-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:condition-source-range-address attribute specifies a cell range that contains encoded conditions. The first row of the cell range shall contain the labels of the columns whose content should be filtered. The following rows contain conditions that have to evaluate to true for the cells contained in the columns. The conditions in each row are connected by an “and” operation, while the rows are connected by an “or” operation. This means that a row is of the source table is displayed if there is at least one row in the condition range where all conditions evaluate to true if they are applied to the columns specified in the first row of the condition range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:condition-source-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:condition-source-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:contains-error</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:contains-error attribute specifies whether a cell range contains an error at the point of evaluation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:contains-error attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cell range contains no error at point of evaluation.</li><li>true: cell range contains an error at point of evaluation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:contains-error attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:contains-error attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:contains-header</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:contains-header attribute specifies whether the content of a database range&#039;s first row or column defines labels which may be used to reference a whole row or column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:contains-header attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the first row or column of the database range does not define labels.</li><li>true: the first row or column of the database range defines labels.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:contains-header attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:contains-header attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:content-validation-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:content-validation-name attribute specifies the name of a validity check. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute is a name found in the table:name 19.677 attribute of a &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5 element.  If this attribute is not present, a cell may have arbitrary content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:content-validation-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:content-validation-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:copy-back</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:copy-back attribute specifies whether data is copied back into a scenario table if another scenario is activated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:copy-back attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: data is not copied back into a scenario table if another scenario is activated.</li><li>true: data copied back into a scenario table if another scenario is activated.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:copy-back attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:copy-back attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:copy-formulas</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:copy-formulas attribute specifies whether formulas are copied from a scenario table to a destination table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:copy-formulas attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: only values resulting from formulas are copied.</li><li>true: formulas are copied.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:copy-formulas attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:copy-formulas attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:copy-styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:copy-styles attribute specifies whether styles are copied from a scenario table to a destination table together with the data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:copy-styles attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: styles are not copied with data.</li><li>true: styles are copied with data.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:copy-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:copy-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:count attribute specifies the count of inserted rows, columns or tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:count attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:country</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:country attribute specifies the country information for the natural language in which comparisons will occur.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:country attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:data-field</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-field attribute specifies the data field whose values are taken into account.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-field attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; 9.6.13 and &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; 9.6.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-field attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:data-cell-range-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-cell-range-address attribute specifies the cell range address of data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:label-range&gt; 9.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:database-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A table:database-name attribute specifies the name of an SQL database for the importation of data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:database-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; 9.4.18, &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16 and &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; 9.4.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:database-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:database-table-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A table:database-table-name attribute specifies a database table for the importation of data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:database-table-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; 9.4.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:database-table-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:data-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-type attribute specifies a data type for tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-type attribute specifies whether a comparison shall take place as text or as numeric values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:data-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>number: comparison as numeric values.</li><li>text: comparison as text values.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5 element the default value for this attribute is text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:data-type attribute are text or number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-type attribute specifies the data type of a field to be sorted. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:data-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>automatic: consumer determines the type of data in a field.</li><li>number: numeric data type.</li><li>text: text data type.</li><li>a value of type string (name of a user-defined sort order, implementation-dependent)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20 element the default value for this attribute is automatic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:data-type attribute are text, number, automatic or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-type attribute specifies the data type of a field to be sorted. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the attribute value is automatic, the consumer shall determine what type of data is in the field. User-defined sort orders are implementation specific.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:data-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>automatic: consumer determines the type of data in a field.</li><li>number: numeric data type.</li><li>text: text data type.</li><li>a value of type string (name of a user-defined sort order, implementation-dependent)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; 9.4.22 element the default value for this attribute is automatic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:data-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; 9.4.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:data-type attribute are text, number, automatic or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:date-end</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:date-end attribute specifies the end value for a grouping of date values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All values that are higher than the end value are contained in a single group, while values that are equal to or lower than the end value are grouped as specified by the table:grouped-by 19.650 and table:step 19.650 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:date-end attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: the highest value of the field is taken as the end value.</li><li>a value of type dateOrDateTime 18.3.14.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:date-end attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:date-end attribute are a value of type dateOrDateTime 18.3.14 or auto.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:date-start</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:date-start attribute specifies the start value for a grouping of date values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:date-start attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: the lowest value of the field is used as the start value.</li><li>a value of type dateOrDateTime: 18.3.14</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:date-start attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:date-start attribute are a value of type dateOrDateTime 18.3.14 or auto.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:date-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:date-value attribute specifies the null date. The null date is the date that results in the value “0” if a date value is converted into a numeric value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1899-12-30.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:date-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:null-date&gt; 9.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:date-value attribute has the data type date 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:default-cell-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:default-cell-style-name attribute specifies a default cell style. Cells defined by a &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 18.3.14 element that do not have a table:style-name 19.730 attribute value use the specified default cell style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If an individual cell has a default style specified by a table:default-cell-style-name attribute on a &lt;table:table-column&gt; element and by a style:default-cell-style-name on a &lt;table:table-row&gt; element, the default style specified by the &lt;table:table-row&gt; element shall be applied to the cell and the default style specified by the &lt;table:table-column&gt; element shall be ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:default-cell-style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6 and &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:default-cell-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:direction attribute specifies the direction of a relation between a cell and a highlighted range. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:direction attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>from-another-table: relationship begins at another table.</li><li>from-same-table: relationship begins at the same table.</li><li>to-another-table: relationship ends at another table.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:direction attribute are from-another-table, to-another-table or from-same-table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:display</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display attribute specifies whether a component of a table is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: component is not displayed.</li><li>true: component is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Components of a table for the table:display attribute are: &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12, &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7, &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6, &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9 elements the default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7 and &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6 elements the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12 the default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12, &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7, &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6, &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:display-border</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-border attribute specifies whether to display a border around a scenario that belongs to a scenario table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:display-border attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: border is not displayed.</li><li>true: border is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-border attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-border attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:display-duplicates</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-duplicates attribute specifies whether to display duplicate matches in a result.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:display-duplicates attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: duplicate matches not displayed in results.</li><li>true: duplicate matches displayed in results.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-duplicates attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-duplicates attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:display-filter-buttons</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-filter-buttons attribute specifies whether to display filter buttons. Filter buttons are list box controls displayed in the label cells whose list entries are the values that exist in the labeled row or column. Selecting one of these entries is the equivalent of applying a filter to the database range that selects all row or columns where the cells in the labeled row or column have the selected value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:display-filter-buttons attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: filter buttons are not displayed.</li><li>true: filter buttons are displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-filter-buttons attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-filter-buttons attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:display-list</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-list attribute specifies whether a list of values that occurs within a condition is displayed when a user is entering a cell value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:display-list attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none: the list values are not displayed.</li><li>sort-ascending: the list values are displayed in ascending order.</li><li>unsorted: the list values are displayed in the order they occur in the condition.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is unsorted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-list attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:display-list attribute are none, unsorted or sort-ascending.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:display-member-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-member-mode attribute specifies whether the value count specified by table:member-count 19.730 attribute should be taken from the top or from the bottom of a data field&#039;s column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:display-member-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>from-bottom: the value count is taken from the bottom of a data field’s column.</li><li>From-top: the value count is taken from the top of a data field’s column.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display-member-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; 9.6.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:display-member-mode attribute are from-top or from-bottom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:drill-down-on-double-click</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:drill-down-on-double-click attribute specifies how the data pilot table reacts to a double-click 19.406 in the data pilot table. A double click other than as specified in a data pilot table has no effect.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:drill-down-on-double-click attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><p>false: a double click on a member label or the empty area next to it starts the edit mode of the table cell, like for cells outside of the data pilot table. </p><p>Note: This can be used to rename group fields or members. </p></li><li>true: a double click on a member label or the empty area next to it shows or hides details for that member.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:drill-down-on-double-click attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:drill-down-on-double-click attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:embedded-number-behavior</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:embedded-number-behavior attribute specifies how string values that contain digits are sorted. If the value is alpha-numeric, string comparison as specified by the other attributes of &lt;table:sort&gt; element is used for sorting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:embedded-number-behavior attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>alpha-numeric: other attributes are used to specify the string comparison for sorting.</li><li>double: string values are compared as defined below </li><li>integer: string values are compared as defined below </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: If the attribute value is integer or double, string-prefixed numbers will be sorted in a &quot;natural&quot;, number-aware way, i.e. A1, A2, A3, ... , A19, A20, instead of the normal, alpha-numeric behavior, i.e. A1, A10, A11, A12, ... ,A19, A2, A20, A3, A4, ... , A8, A9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following illustrates how two strings shall be compared if the attribute value is integer or double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the following, the term &quot;alpha-numeric comparison&quot; means the string comparison that would be used if the table:embedded-number-behavior attribute had the value alpha-numeric.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 1: The two strings are compared by using the alpha-numeric comparison to test whether they are equal.  If they are equal, the comparison will stop immediately returning an equality as result.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 2: The prefix substrings of the two strings are determined by locating the first occurrence of a digit character in the two strings; the substrings from the very first characters through the characters preceding the first digits are the prefix substrings. If a string starts with a digit, the prefix substring of this string is empty. If there is no digit in either one of the compared strings, the natural sort process will end and the alpha-numeric comparison will be performed instead. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 3: After the prefix substrings have been determined for both strings, an alpha-numeric comparison is performed on the two prefix substrings. If they differ, the result is returned and the process will end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 4. The numeric substrings are determined by locating the first occurrences of a non-digit character after the first digit characters; the substrings from the first digit characters through the characters preceding the first non-digit character are the numeric substrings. These substrings are converted into double-precision values. The converted values are compared by numeric comparison. If these values differ, then the result will be returned and the process will end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 5. The suffix substrings, which are the strings that start after the last digits of the numeric substring, will be determined. This suffix substrings replace the original strings, and the whole process will start again with step 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Decimal separators are treated as follows: If the attribute value is integer, then a decimal separator is not considered as a digit. If the attribute value is double, the treatment of a decimal separator is context-dependent: If a decimal separator occurs adjacent to one or two digit characters, it is considered a digit character as long as it is the only occurrence in that given numeric substring. In other words, a second occurrence of a decimal separator in sequence of digits and decimal separators is treated as a non-digit character. Therefore the character immediately preceding the separator becomes the last character of the numeric substring, while the separator itself becomes the first character of the suffix substring.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This sorting process is illustrated by the following figure:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>  <img src="media/Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="11066" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f0b23095120252d8b370564771e38e87636737e7" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="38251aac5bed238ddfec2957c5ad0d89aee7e9a2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/>Figure 1 - Natural sort  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is alpha-numeric.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:embedded-number-behavior attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:embedded-number-behavior attribute are alpha-numeric, integer or double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:enabled</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:enabled attribute specifies whether the &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element is evaluated or not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:enabled attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element is not evaluated.</li><li>true: the &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element is evaluated.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:enabled attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; 9.6.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:enabled attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:end</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end attribute specifies the end value for a grouping of numeric values. All values that are higher than the end value are contained in a single group, while values that are equal to or lower than the end value are grouped as specified by table:grouped-by 19.671 and table:step 19.650 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:end attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: the highest value of the field is taken as the end value.</li><li>a value of type double</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:end attribute are a value of type double 18.2 or auto.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:end-cell-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-cell-address attribute specifies the end position of the shape if it is included in a spreadsheet document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-cell-address attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-cell-address attribute has the data type cellAddress 18.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:end-column</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-column attribute specifies the end column of a range if the range address is a cell range address. The value of a table:end-column attribute is inclusive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-column attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-column attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:end-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-position attribute specifies the number of the last deleted row or column. The value of a table:end-position attribute is exclusive. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; 9.9.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:end-row</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-row attribute specifies the end row of a range if the range address is a cell range address. The value of a table:end-row attribute is inclusive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-row attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-row attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:end-table</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-table attribute specifies the end table of a range if the range address is a cell range address. The value of a table:end-table attribute is inclusive. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-table attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-table attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:end-x </h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-x attribute specifies the x-coordinate of the end position of a shape relative to the top-left edge of a cell. The size attributes of the shape are ignored. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-x attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:end-y</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-y attribute specifies the y-coordinate of the end position of a shape relative to the top-left edge of a cell. The size attributes of the shape are ignored. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-y attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:end-y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:execute</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:execute attribute specifies whether a macro should be executed or not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:execute attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: macro is not executed.</li><li>true: macro is executed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:execute attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:error-macro&gt; 9.4.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:execute attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:expression</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:expression attribute specifies an expression. If the expression contains a named range or another named expression, the named range or named expression shall be specified first, before the containing expression. If the expression contains a relative cell range address, a table:base-cell-address attribute shall also appear on the &lt;table:named-expression&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Relative cell range addresses that occur in an expression define an offset which shall be interpreted relative to the cell where a named expression is used. The offset is the same as the offsets between the table cell addressed by the relative cell range address and the table cell specified by the table:base-cell-address attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute may comprise a namespace prefix, followed by a &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON), followed by an expression. If the namespace prefix is missing the namespace defaults to the &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2&quot; namespace. If a namespace prefix is present, the expression shall start with an &#039;=&#039; equal sign. If no namespace prefix is present, the &#039;=&#039; equal sign may be omitted. The XML namespace name bound to the namespace prefix specifies the syntax and semantics of the formulas and values occurring within the condition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator makes available the host-dependent properties defined by Table 16 Host-dependent Properties in 19.646.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:expression attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:named-expression&gt; 9.4.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:expression attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:field-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:field-name attribute specifies a category column whose members&#039; values are used in operations defined by a table:type attribute that determines the display of values of the data field of which the &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element is a part. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:field-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; 9.6.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:field-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:field-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:field-number attribute specifies a row or column number to sort, subtotal or filter. It is the number of a row or column within a database range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:field-number attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5, &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20 and &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; 9.4.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:field-number attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:filter-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:filter-name attribute specifies the file type of the document containing the original table. The value of this attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:filter-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1 and &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:filter-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:filter-options</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:filter-options attribute specifies implementation-dependent settings for a file type.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:filter-options attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1 and &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:filter-options attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:first-row-end-column (deprecated)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:first-row-end-column attribute specifies the whether the cell in the first row, end column gets its style from its row or column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The table:use-first-row-styles 19.744 or table:use-last-column-styles 19.745 attributes should be used instead. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:first-row-end-column attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>column: cell in first row, end column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</li><li>row: cell in first row, end column should inherit its style from the row where it appears.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:first-row-end-column attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:first-row-end-column attribute are row or column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:first-row-start-column (deprecated)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:first-row-start-column attribute specifies the whether the cell in the first row, start column gets its style from its row or column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The table:use-first-row-styles 19.744 or table:use-first-column-styles 19.743 attributes should be used instead. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:first-row-start-column attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>column: cell in first row, start column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</li><li>row: cell in first row, start column should inherit its style from the row where it appears.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:first-row-start-column attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:first-row-start-column attribute are row or column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:formula</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:formula attribute specifies a formula for a table cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Formulas specify calculations to be performed within table cells. The attribute value should begin with a namespace prefix followed by &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON), followed by the text of the formula. The namespace bound to the prefix determines the syntax and semantics of the formula. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Whenever the initial text of a formula has the appearance of an NCName followed by &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON), an OpenDocument producer shall provide a valid namespace prefix and separating &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON) separator before the text of the formula in order to eliminate any ambiguity. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a namespace prefix is not specified, the namespace defaults to the &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2&quot; namespace. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator has the host-dependent properties specified in Table 16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 16 Host-dependent Properties</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><p>Property</p></td><td><p>Attribute</p></td><td><p>Default Value </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-CASE-SENSITIVE</p></td><td><p>table:case-sensitive</p></td><td><p>true</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-PRECISION-AS-SHOWN</p></td><td><p>table:precision-as-shown</p></td><td><p>false</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-SEARCH-CRITERIA-MUST-APPLY-TO-WHOLE-CELL</p></td><td><p>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</p></td><td><p>true</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-AUTOMATIC-FIND-LABELS</p></td><td><p>table:automatic-find-labels</p></td><td><p>true</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-USE-REGULAR-EXPRESSIONS</p></td><td><p>table:use-regular-expressions</p></td><td><p>true</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-USE-WILDCARDS</p></td><td><p>table:use-wildcards</p></td><td><p>false</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-NULL-YEAR</p></td><td><p>table:null-year</p></td><td><p>1930</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-NULL-DATE</p></td><td><p>table:null-date</p></td><td><p>1899-12-30</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-LOCALE</p></td><td><p>N/A</p></td><td><p>Implementation-defined</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-ITERATION-STATUS</p></td><td><p>table:status</p></td><td><p>disable </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-ITERATION-MAXIMUM-DIFFERENCE</p></td><td><p>table:maximum-difference</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>HOST-ITERATION-STEPS</p></td><td><p>table:steps</p></td><td><p>100</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Host-dependent properties are applicable to style:condition (19.472), table:condition (19.600) and, table:expression (19.639) attributes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:formula attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:formula attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:function</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:function attribute specifies functions that are applied to tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:function attribute on all elements has the following defined values:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>average: the average of all numeric values.</li><li>count: the count of all non-empty values, including text.</li><li>countnums: the count of all numeric values.</li><li>max: the maximum of all numeric values.</li><li>min: the minimum of all numeric values.</li><li>product: the product of all numeric values.</li><li>stdev: the standard deviation, treating all numeric values as a sample from a population.</li><li>stdevp: the standard deviation, treating all numeric values as a whole population.</li><li>sum: the sum of all numeric values.</li><li>var: the variance, treating all numeric values as a sample from a population.</li><li>varp: the variance, treating all numeric values as a whole population. </li><li>a value of type string: an implementation-dependent function name.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:function attribute specifies a function. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:function attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:function attribute are average, count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var, varp or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:function attribute specifies specifies the function which is applied to the cell values of data columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; elements whose table:orientation 19.743 attribute has the value data, the defined values for the table:function attribute are those defined in 19.647.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; elements whose table:orientation attribute has the value column or row, the only defined value for the table:function attribute is:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: no function is applied to that category field. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:function attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:function attribute are auto, average, count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var, varp or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:function attribute specifies the type of subtotals to calculate. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to the values defined in 19.647.1 the following value is defined:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: specifies that subtotals shall use the same function(s) that are used to calculate the &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7 elements with table:orientation=&quot;data&quot; 19.690. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:function attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; 9.6.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:function attribute are auto, average, count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var, varp or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:function attribute specifies the type of subtotals to calculate. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:function attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; 9.4.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:function attribute are average, count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var, varp or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:grand-total</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:grand-total attribute specifies whether a grand total column, row, or both should be displayed in addition to values calculated for each combination of values in the category columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:grand-total attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>both: grand totals for rows and columns are displayed in addition to values calculated for other combinations of values.</li><li>column: grand totals for columns are displayed in addition to values calculated for other combinations of values.</li><li>none: grand totals for rows and columns are not displayed in addition to values calculated for other combinations of values.</li><li>row: grand totals for rows are displayed in addition to values calculated for other combinations of values.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:grand-total attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:grand-total attribute are none, row, column or both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:group-by-field-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:group-by-field-number attribute specifies a field, that is to be grouped. It is the number of a row or column within a database range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:group-by-field-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; 9.4.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:group-by-field-number attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:grouped-by</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:grouped-by attribute specifies the grouping of the date values. Date values can be grouped by seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, quarters or years. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: If date values are for instance grouped by minutes, all dates or times that are within the same minute are within one group. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:grouped-by attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>seconds: a value expressed as seconds.</li><li>minutes: a value expressed as minutes.</li><li>hours: a value expressed as hours.</li><li>days: a value expressed as days.</li><li>months: a value expressed as months.</li><li>quarters: a value expressed as quarters (4 equal 3 month segments).</li><li>years: a value expressed as years.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:grouped-by attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:grouped-by attribute are seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, quarters or years.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:has-persistent-data</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:has-persistent-data attribute specifies whether the current data in a database range is saved when the document itself is saved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:has-persistent-data attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: data in a database range is not saved when the document itself is saved.</li><li>true: data in a database range is saved when the document itself is saved.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:has-persistent-data attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:has-persistent-data attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:id attribute specifies the id of an insertion or other tracked change.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; 9.9.7, &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; 9.9.8, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:dependency&gt; 9.9.5, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3, &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; 9.9.11, &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13 and &lt;table:previous&gt; 9.9.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:identify-categories</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:identify-categories attribute specifies whether rows that do not contain a value in one of the category columns should use the value of the nearest ancestor row that has a value, or should be moved into a group (or category) of its own. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:identify-categories attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: empty rows form a group or category.</li><li>true: empty rows use the value of the nearest ancestor row that has a value for classification into a group or category.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:identify-categories attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:identify-categories attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:ignore-empty-rows</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:ignore-empty-rows attribute specifies whether empty rows in a source range should be ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:ignore-empty-rows attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: empty rows in a source range are not ignored.</li><li>true: empty rows in a source range are ignored.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:ignore-empty-rows attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:ignore-empty-rows attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:index</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:index attribute specifies for the &lt;table:operation&gt; element on which it appears its order in a series of &lt;table:operation&gt; elements under a &lt;table:detective&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:index attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:index attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:is-active</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-active attribute specifies whether a scenario that belongs to a scenario table is active.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:is-active attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: scenario that belongs to a scenario table is inactive.</li><li>true: scenario that belongs to a scenario table is active.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-active attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-active attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:is-data-layout-field</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-data-layout-field attribute specifies whether a field is a data layout field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:is-data-layout-field attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: field is not a data layout field.</li><li>true: field is a data layout field.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-data-layout-field attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-data-layout-field attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:is-selection</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-selection attribute specifies whether the database range includes a complete database, or a selection of records from a database only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:is-selection attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: database range includes a section of records from a database.</li><li>true: database range includes a complete database.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-selection attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-selection attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:is-sub-table</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-sub-table attribute specifies if a nested table is a subtable. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a table cell only contains a single table but no paragraphs or other content, the table can be specified to be a subtable, In which case it occupies the whole cell and no other content can appear in the cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The borders of a subtable merge with the borders of the cell where it is specified. A subtable does not have its own style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A nested table that is not specified to be a subtable appears as a table within a table, that is, it has borders distinct from those of the parent cell and respects the padding of the parent cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:is-sub-table attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: nested table is not a subtable.</li><li>true: nested table is a subtable.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-sub-table attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:is-sub-table attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:label-cell-range-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:label-cell-range-address attribute specifies a cell range address for labels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:label-cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:label-range&gt; 9.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:label-cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:language</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:language attribute specifies the natural language in which a comparison will occur.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:language attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:language attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:last-column-spanned</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:last-column-spanned attribute together with the table:last-row-spanned 19.664 attribute specifies the last known size of a range. If the size of the range has changed since the determination of its size, the value of these attributes will be incorrect. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:last-column-spanned attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:last-column-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:last-row-end-column (deprecated)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:last-row-end-column attribute specifies the whether the cell in the last row, end column gets its style from its row or column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The table:use-last-row-styles 19.746 or table:use-last-column-styles 19.745 attributes should be used instead. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:last-row-end-column attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>column: cell in last row, end column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</li><li>row: cell in last row, end column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:last-row-end-column attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:last-row-end-column attribute are row or column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:last-row-spanned</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:last-row-spanned attribute together with the table:last-column-spanned 19.662 attribute specifies the last known size of a range. If the size of the range has changed since the determination of its size, the value of these attributes will be incorrect.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:last-row-spanned attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:last-row-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:last-row-start-column (deprecated)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:last-row-start-column attribute specifies the whether the cell in the last row, start column gets its style from its row or column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The table:use-last-row-styles 19.746 or table:use-first-column-styles 19.743attributes should be used instead. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:last-row-start-column attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>column: cell in last row, start column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</li><li>row: cell in last row, start column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:last-row-start-column attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:last-row-start-column attribute are row or column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:layout-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:layout-mode attribute specifies how to layout a field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:layout-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>outline-subtotals-bottom: Same as outline-subtotals-top, except that subtotals are shown at the bottom (below the member&#039;s data, as in tabular layout mode).</li><li>outline-subtotals-top: In outline layout mode, the members from the following field start in the row below a member&#039;s name. Subtotals are shown at the top (in the same row as the member&#039;s name). When the subtotals take up more than one row (manually selected, or because there are multiple data fields), they are always shown below the member&#039;s data, regardless of the setting.</li><li>tabular-layout: Tabular layout mode is the layout, where each member&#039;s name is on the same row as the first member from the following field. Subtotals are always shown below a member&#039;s data in this mode.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:layout-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; 9.6.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:layout-mode attribute are tabular-layout, outline-subtotals-top or outline-subtotals-bottom.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:link-to-source-data</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:link-to-source-data attribute specifies whether the data in a consolidation table range should be linked to the source data, so that it is automatically updated if any changes are made to the source data.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:link-to-source-data attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: data in consolidated table range not linked to source data.</li><li>true: data in consolidated table range is linked to source data.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:link-to-source-data attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:link-to-source-data attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:marked-invalid</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:marked-invalid attribute specifies whether the current cell is marked invalid. This attribute cannot be used together with any other attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:marked-invalid attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: current cell not marked invalid.</li><li>true: current cell marked invalid.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:marked-invalid attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:marked-invalid attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:matrix-covered</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:matrix-covered attribute specifies if a cell is contained in a matrix. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:matrix-covered attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cell is not included in a matrix.</li><li>true: cell is included in a matrix.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:matrix-covered attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:matrix-covered attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:maximum-difference</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:maximum-difference attribute specifies the maximum difference between two iterative calculation results. The iteration is stopped if the result is less than the value of this attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.001.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:maximum-difference attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:iteration&gt; 9.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:maximum-difference attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:member-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:member-count attribute specifies the number of values, from the top or from the bottom of a data field&#039;s column, that are shown.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:member-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; 9.6.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:member-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:member-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:member-name attribute specifies the value of a data pilot member.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:member-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; 9.6.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:member-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:member-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:member-type attribute specifies the member of the referenced category column, whose value within the current data field is taken into account. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:member-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>named: the table:member-name 19.672 attribute on the same &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element specifies the member whose value within the data field is taken into account.</li><li>next: the value of the data field for the next visible member of the referenced category column is taken into account. Empty members are skipped.</li><li>previous: the value of the data field for the next visible member of the referenced category column is taken into account. Empty members are skipped.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:member-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; 9.6.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:message-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:message-type attribute specifies the display of messages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:message-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>information: message is displayed as information only.</li><li>stop: message is displayed as an error and the operation that caused the validation check is stopped.</li><li>warning: message is displayed as a warning.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is stop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:message-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:message-type attribute are stop, warning or information.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:mode attribute specifies what data should be copied from a source table to a destination table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>copy-all: formulas and styles are copied.</li><li>copy-results-only: only formula results and non-calculated cell content are copied.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is copy-all.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:mode attribute are copy-all or copy-results-only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:multi-deletion-spanned</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:multi-deletion-spanned attribute specifies the total number of deleted rows or columns when multiple columns or rows were deleted simultaneously. Each deleted row or column is represented by a &lt;table:deletion&gt; element. The first &lt;table:deletion&gt; element in a set representing a simultaneous deletion shall carry a table:multi-deletion-spanned attribute that specifies the total number of deleted rows or columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:multi-deletion-spanned attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:multi-deletion-spanned attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies a name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a source database range or named range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a content validation rule. It is used to reference the validation rule from the cell the rule should applied. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a group.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; 9.6.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a member.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; 9.6.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the value for which display information is specified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a data pilot table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a database range on which to perform operations. Within a single document, only one database range may have no name. This database range is created by the consumer and is used to filter or sort data in a cell range without the user creating a database range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of an expression.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:named-expression&gt; 9.4.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a database range on which to perform operations. Within a single document, only one database range may have no name. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:named-range&gt; 9.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:operation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a detective operation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:name attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>remove-dependents: removes highlighting from cells that use the value of the current cell in their formula.</li><li>remove-precedents: removes highlighting from cells whose values are used in the formula of the current cell.</li><li>trace-dependents: highlights cells that use the value of the current cell in their formula.</li><li>trace-errors: highlights cells that cause an error while calculating the result of the current cell&#039;s formula.</li><li>trace-precedents: highlights cells whose values are used in the formula of the current cell.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The nature of the highlighting imposed on or removed from cells as the result of detective operations is implementation-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:name attribute are trace-dependents, remove-dependents, trace-precedents, remove-precedents or trace-errors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a cell range containing source data. The value of this attribute shall be a string matching the value of a table:name attribute of a table:named-range element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a service. The value of this attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a table template.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:null-year</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:null-year attribute specifies the start year for year values that contain only two digits. All two-digit year values are interpreted as a year that is the same as or follows the start year.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1930.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:null-year attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:null-year attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:number-columns-repeated</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute specifies the repetition of columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute specifies the number of successive columns in which a cell is repeated. It may be used to describe two or more adjoining cells with a single cell element, if they meet the following conditions:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The cells contain the same content and style.</li><li>The cells are not merged horizontally or vertically.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute specifies the number of successive columns in which a cell is repeated. It may be used to describe two or more adjoining cells with a single cell element, if they meet the following conditions:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The cells contain the same content and style.</li><li>The cells are not merged horizontally or vertically.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute specifies the number of columns to which a column description applies. If two or more columns are adjoining, and have the same style, this attribute may be used to describe them with a single &lt;table:table-column&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:number-columns-spanned</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-spanned attribute specifies the number of columns that a cell spans.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When a cell covers another cell because of a column or row span value greater than one, a &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 element shall appear in the table to represent the covered cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-spanned attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-columns-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:number-rows-repeated</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-rows-repeated attribute specifies the number of rows to which a row element applies. If two or more rows are adjoining, and have the same content and style, and do not contain vertically merged cells, they may be described by a single &lt;table:table-row&gt; element that has a table:number-rows-repeated attribute with a value greater than 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When a cell covers another cell because of a column or row span value greater than one, a &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 element shall appear in the table to represent the covered cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-rows-repeated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-rows-repeated attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:number-rows-spanned</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-rows-spanned attribute specifies the number of rows that a cell spans.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-rows-spanned attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-rows-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:number-matrix-columns-spanned</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-matrix-columns-spanned attribute specifies the number of columns spanned by a matrix.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-matrix-columns-spanned attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-matrix-columns-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:number-matrix-rows-spanned</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-matrix-rows-spanned attribute specifies the number of rows spanned by a matrix.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-matrix-rows-spanned attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:number-matrix-rows-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:object-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:object-name attribute specifies the name of the object in the source which contains the data and is passed to the service implementation. Its value is implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:object-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:object-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:on-update-keep-size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:on-update-keep-size attribute specifies the behavior of a database range if the size of the data in the data source changes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:on-update-keep-size attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: range does not retain its size.</li><li>true: range retains its size.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:on-update-keep-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:on-update-keep-size attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:on-update-keep-styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:on-update-keep-styles attribute specifies the behavior if the database range is updated. If the attribute value is true, the cell styles that are assigned to the cells in the first non-label row of the database range are used for all rows with in the database range. If the attribute value is false, all cells in the database range are assigned the default cell style of the document assigned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:on-update-keep-styles attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: all cells in the database range get the default cell style of the document assigned.</li><li>true: cell styles that are assigned to the cells in the first non-label row of the database range are used for all rows with in the database range.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:on-update-keep-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:on-update-keep-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:operator</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:operator attribute specifies the operator to use in a filter condition. Each cell contained in columns specified by a field number (table:field-number 19.641 attribute) is compared to a value (table:value 19.641 attribute) using the specified operator. The result of this comparison is the result of the filter sub-conditions specified by a &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined operators that use regular expressions are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>match (matches)</li><li>!match (does not match)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:value attribute contains the regular expression. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Regular expressions are implementation-dependent expressions that, at a minimum, conform to the requirements of Conformance Clause C1 of [UTR18].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined operators that do not use regular expressions are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>= (equal to)</li><li>!= (not equal to)</li><li>&lt; (less than)</li><li>&gt; (greater than)</li><li>&lt;= (less than or equal to)</li><li>&gt;= (greater than or equal to)</li><li>begins (begins with)</li><li>contains (contains)</li><li>!contains (does not contain)</li><li>ends (ends with)</li><li>!begins (does not begin with)</li><li>!ends (does not end with)</li><li>bottom percent (same as bottom values, except that the office:value 19.752 attribute specifies the number of cells for which the condition is true as a percentage)</li><li>bottom values (true for the <em>n</em> cells that have the smallest value, where <em>n</em> is the value of the office:value attribute)</li><li>empty (true for empty cells)</li><li>!empty (true for non-empty cells)</li><li>top percent (same as bottom percent, but for the largest values)</li><li>top values (same as bottom values, but for the largest values)</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Depending on the value of the table:data-type 19.388 attribute, all operations take place on string or numeric values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:operator attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:operator attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:order</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:order attribute specifies whether a sort order should be in ascending or descending order.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:order attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>ascending: sorting of values should be in ascending order.</li><li>descending: sorting of values should be in descending order.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Sorting is locale- and implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20 and &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; 9.4.22 elements the default value for this attribute is ascending.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:order attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; 9.6.14, &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20 and &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; 9.4.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:order attribute are ascending or descending.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:orientation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:orientation attribute specifies the organizing of tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:orientation attribute specifies the orientation of a source field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:orientation attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>column: field specifies a category column</li><li>data: field specifies a data column</li><li>hidden: field has a corresponding column in a data pilot&#039;s source but are not visible in the data pilot table.</li><li>page: specifies that an automatic filter (one that allows to choose one of the values that are contained in the column) should be generated for the corresponding column. In that case, an additional field with row, column or data orientation shall exist for the column. The table:selected-page attribute specifies which value is selected for the filter.</li><li>row: specifies a category row</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:orientation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:orientation attribute are row, column, data, hidden or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:orientation attribute specifies whether data fields are organized in row or columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:orientation attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>column: organization is by columns</li><li>row: organization is by rows</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15 element the default value for this attribute is row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:orientation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:orientation attribute are column or row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:orientation attribute specifies whether labels label rows or columns. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:orientation attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>column: label range oriented by column</li><li>row: label range oriented by row</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:orientation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:label-range&gt; 9.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:orientation attribute are column or row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:page-breaks-on-group-change</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:page-breaks-on-group-change attribute specifies whether to insert a page break after the subtotal for each group.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:page-breaks-on-group-change attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: page breaks are not inserted after subtotals for a group.</li><li>true: page breaks are inserted after subtotals for a group.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:page-breaks-on-group-change attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:page-breaks-on-group-change attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:paragraph-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:paragraph-style-name attribute specifies the paragraph style which should be applied to the empty paragraphs created in cells for tables created from a template.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:paragraph-style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:body&gt; 16.21.6, &lt;table:even-columns&gt; 16.21.9, &lt;table:even-rows&gt; 16.21.7, &lt;table:first-column&gt; 16.21.4, &lt;table:first-row&gt; 16.21.2, &lt;table:last-column&gt; 16.21.5, &lt;table:last-row&gt; 16.21.3, &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; 16.21.10 and &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; 16.21.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:paragraph-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:parse-sql-statement</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A table:parse-sql-statement attribute specifies whether the consumer will parse SQL statements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:parse-sql-statement attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: consumer does not parse SQL statements.</li><li>true: consumer parses SQL statements.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:parse-sql-statement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:parse-sql-statement attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:password</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:password attribute specifies the password needed to access the source. It is passed to the service implementation. Its value is implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:password attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:password attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:position attribute specifies the position where an insertion or deletion was made in a table. Depending on the type of insertion or deletion, the value is the number of a row, a column or a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If multiple rows or columns get deleted, the table:start-position 19.723 and table:end-position 19.633 attributes contain the number of the first (inclusive) and last (exclusive) deleted rows or columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:position attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3, &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; 9.9.11 and &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; 9.9.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:precision-as-shown</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:precision-as-shown attribute specifies whether to perform a calculation using the rounded values displayed in the spreadsheet or using all of the digits in a value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:precision-as-shown attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: calculations are performed using all of the digits in a value, but the result is displayed as a rounded number.</li><li>true: calculations are performed using the rounded values displayed in the spreadsheet.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:precision-as-shown attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:precision-as-shown attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:print</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:print attribute specifies if a table will be printed. The table:print attribute value is overridden by the table:display 19.621 attribute. If the table is not displayed, it will also not be printed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a table is printed, the table range printed can be specified by the table:print-ranges attribute. If there is no table:print-ranges 19.698 attribute or it has no value specified, the non-empty portion of a table will be printed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:print attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: table cannot be printed.</li><li>true: table can be printed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:print attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:print attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:print-ranges</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:print-ranges attribute specifies print ranges of a table. Print ranges define the cells that will be printed. It contains a list of cell addresses or cell range addresses.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:print-ranges attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:print-ranges attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:protect (deprecated) </h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protect attribute specifies whether a table cell is protected. Users cannot edit the content of a cell that is marked as protected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is deprecated in favor of the table:protected 19.700 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:protect attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cell is not protected.</li><li>true: cell is protected.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protect attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protect attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:protected</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute specifies protection for tables.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute specifies whether a table cell is protected. Users cannot edit the content of a cell that is marked as protected. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:protected attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cell is not protected.</li><li>true: cell is protected.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 element the default value for this attribute is false. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute specifies specifies whether the data that is displayed within the scenario is protected from being edited. The attribute is only evaluated if the table on which the scenario displayed is also protected. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:protected attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: data is not protected.</li><li>true: data is protected.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute specifies whether a table is protected from editing. If the table is protected, the table:protection-key 19.701 attribute can specify an authorization requirement for resetting the protection to enable editing.  For a protected table, the protection of table cells may be controlled individually by the style:cell-protect 20.253 attribute.  Table cells are protected only if they have a table cell style assigned whose style:cell-protect attribute value is different than none. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:protected attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: table is not protected.</li><li>true: table is protected.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 element the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-cell&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute specifies whether a table cell is protected. Users cannot edit the content of a cell that is marked as protected. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:protected attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cell is not protected.</li><li>true: cell is protected.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4 element the default value for this attribute is false. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:protection-key</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protection-key attribute, when present, specifies that an authorization is required for removing the protection of a table, table cell or scenario. The authentication procedure is identified by the table:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute. 19.702 The attribute value is binary data that may be used by the authentication procedure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8 encoding. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protection-key attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protection-key attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:protection-key-digest-algorithm</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute value is an IRI that identifies an authentication procedure for removing a protection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the IRI identifies a message-digest algorithm specified in §5.7 of [xmlenc-core], the value of table:protection-key 20.253 attribute shall be the hash value of the password that is required to authorize removal of the protection. The password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8 encoding. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Any other procedures, their identifying IRIs, and their application of table:protection-key values are implementation-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Consumers shall support http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1<a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1,">,</a> which is the default, and http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. They may support other algorithms described in §5.7 of [xmlenc-core] or alternative procedures. Producers should use http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:query-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A table:query-name attribute specifies a query to perform on a database whose data is being imported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:query-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; 9.4.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:query-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:range-usable-as</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:range-usable-as attribute specifies whether the name of the range can be used within the specification of a print range, a filter, a repeating row, or a repeat column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:range-usable-as attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none</li><li>a white space-separated list that consists of any of the values print-range, filter, repeat-row or repeat-column.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:range-usable-as attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:named-range&gt; 9.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:range-usable-as attribute are none, or white space separated non-empty lists of one of these values: print-range, filter, repeat-row, or repeat-column..</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:refresh-delay</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:refresh-delay attribute specifies a time delay between automatic refresh actions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:refresh-delay attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15 and &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:refresh-delay attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:rejecting-change-id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:rejecting-change-id attribute specifies the id of a previously-tracked change that has been rejected. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:rejecting-change-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3 and &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:rejecting-change-id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:rfc-language-tag attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the table:language, table:script and table:country attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don&#039;t support the table:rfc-language-tag attribute by specifying table:language 19.701, table:script 19.661 and table:country 19.710 attributes with values that are implementation-dependent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:rfc-language-tag attribute augments the table:language, table:script and table:country attributes. It shall only be used if its value could not be expressed as a valid combination of those. The value shall be a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors. If a fall-back is provided for consumers that do not support the table:rfc-language-tag attribute, producers should add table:language, table:script and table:country attributes whose values are as close as possible to the value of the table:rfc-language-tag attribute. Producers shall not use values for these attributes that contradict the value of the table:rfc-language-tag attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:rfc-language-tag attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:rfc-language-tag attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:row</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:row attribute specifies the row number of a cell. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:row attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-address&gt; 9.9.18, &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:row attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:scenario-ranges</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:scenario-ranges attribute specifies the table range that is displayed as a scenario. The value of this attribute is a white-space-separated list of cell range addresses.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:scenario-ranges attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:scenario-ranges attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:script</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:script attribute specifies the script information for the natural language in which comparisons will occur. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:script attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:script attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell attribute specifies whether a search pattern matches the entire content of a cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell is used with the &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 19.600 element when the table:data-type 19.615 attribute has the value text and the table:operator 9.5.5 attribute has a value of: match, !match, =, or !=.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: search pattern can match a substring at any position within a cell. </li><li>true: search pattern matches entire content of a cell. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:selected-page</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:selected-page attribute specifies which value is selected for an automatic filter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:selected-page attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:selected-page attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:show-details</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:show-details attribute specifies whether additional fields are displayed for a member. This attribute changes the behavior of a data pilot only if there are multiple fields with the orientation row or column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:show-details attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: field with a row or column orientation that is not the last field with this orientation, no members are displayed for following fields with the same orientation. Data displayed for these fields is summarized using a function specified by the data pilot&#039;s table:function 19.647 attribute. </li><li>true: field with a row or column orientation that is not the last field with this orientation, members are displayed for following fields with the same orientation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:show-details attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:show-details attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:show-empty</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:show-empty attribute specifies whether fields that do not have any members should be displayed. If this attribute is not present, it is implementation-defined whether fields without members are displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:show-empty attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: fields without members are not displayed. </li><li>true: fields without members are displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:show-empty attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:show-empty attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:show-filter-button</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:show-filter-button attribute specifies whether a filter button is displayed for a data pilot table. A filter button displays a user interface for a filter if pushed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:show-filter-button attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: filter button is not shown in UI. </li><li>true: filter button is shown in UI.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:show-filter-button attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:show-filter-button attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:sort-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:sort-mode attribute specifies how to sort the members of a single data pilot field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:sort-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>data: fields are sorted by values in the data field specified by a table:data-field 19.611 attribute.</li><li>manual: fields are sorted by the user</li><li>name: fields are sorted by name of the field</li><li>none: fields are not sorted.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:sort-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; 9.6.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:source-cell-range-addresses</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:source-cell-range-addresses attribute specifies source cell ranges.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:source-cell-range-addresses attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:source-cell-range-addresses attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:source-field-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:source-field-name attribute specifies the name or label of a column that connects to a field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There can be multiple &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; elements with the same value for this attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:source-field-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7 and &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:source-field-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:source-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:source-name attribute specifies a source name that is passed to the service implementation. Its value is implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:source-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:source-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:sql-statement</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An table:sql-statement attribute specifies the SQL statement to use when importing data from an SQL database.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:sql-statement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:sql-statement attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:start</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start attribute specifies the start value for a grouping of numeric values. All values that are lower than the start value are contained in a single group, while values that are equal to or higher than the start value are grouped as specified by the table:grouped-by 19.650 and table:step 19.650 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:start attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: the lowest value of the field is used as the start value.</li><li>a value of type double.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:start attribute are a value of type double 18.2 or auto.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:start-column</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-column attribute specifies the start-column for a cell range address. The value of a table:start-column attribute is inclusive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-column attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-column attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:start-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-position attribute specifies the number of the first deleted row or column if multiple rows or columns are deleted. The value of a table:start-position attribute is inclusive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; 9.9.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:start-row</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-row attribute specifies the start-row for a cell range address. The value of a table:start-row attribute is inclusive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-row attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-row attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:start-table</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-table attribute specifies the start-table for a cell range address. The value of a table:start-table attribute is inclusive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-table attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:start-table attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:status</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:status attribute specifies whether iterative calculations are enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:status attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>enable: iterative calculations will occur.</li><li>disable: iterative calculations will not occur.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is disable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:status attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:iteration&gt; 9.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:status attribute are enable or disable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:step</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:step attribute specifies the grouping of numeric values, by specifying the distance between the groups.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:step attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:step attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:steps</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:steps attribute specifies the maximum number of iterative calculations. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 100.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:steps attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:iteration&gt; 9.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:steps attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:structure-protected</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:structure-protected attribute specifies whether a table is protected from the insertion, deletion, moving or renaming of tables in the document. If the table structure is protected and the table:protection-key 19.701 attribute is present, an authorization is required for resetting the protection to enable editing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:show-details attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: table is not protected.</li><li>true: table is protected.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:structure-protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:structure-protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies styles that are assigned to elements. The style can be either an automatic or common style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:background&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element for the table. The style specified by the &lt;style:style&gt; has a style:family 19.480 attribute with the value table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:background&gt; 16.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:body&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:body&gt; 16.21.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a cell does not have a cell style assigned, then the table:default-cell-style-name attribute of the table row specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the table:default-cell-style-name attribute of the table column specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the default style with family table-cell specifies the style for the cell. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:even-columns&gt; 16.21.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:even-rows&gt; 16.21.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:first-column&gt; 16.21.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:first-row&gt; 16.21.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:last-column&gt; 16.21.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:last-row&gt; 16.21.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; 16.21.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; 16.21.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a cell does not have a cell style assigned, then the table:default-cell-style-name attribute of the table row specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the table:default-cell-style-name attribute of the table column specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the default style with family table-cell specifies the style for the cell. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:tab-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:tab-color attribute specifies the color of the tab associated with a sheet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When this attribute is missing, the application should use the default color used for sheet tabs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:table</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:table attribute specifies a table number for insertions, deletions and for table cells. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:table attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-address&gt; 9.9.18, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3, &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:table attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:table-background</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:table-background attribute specifies whether a shape is in the table background if the drawing shape is included in a spreadsheet document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:table-background attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: shape is included in foreground of a table.</li><li>true: shape is included in background of a table.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:table-background attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:table-background attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:table-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:table-name attribute specifies the name of the table in the source document to which the current table is linked. If the attribute is omitted, the current table is linked to the first table in the source document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:table-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:table-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:target-cell-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-cell-address attribute specifies a target cell address.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-cell-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-cell-address attribute has the data type cellAddress 18.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:target-range-address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute specifies a cell range address. The value of this attribute shall be an absolute cell address that contains a table name. The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) that indicate an absolute address may be omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute specifies the cell range where a data pilot table will be displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute specifies the cell range address of a database range.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:filter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute specifies the cell range for the result of a filter operation, but all table rows remain visible. If the attribute is not present, the rows that do not match the filter conditions are not displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:sort&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute specifies the cell range for the result of a sort operation. If the attribute is not present, the cell range for the result is identical to the cell range of the database range. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:template-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:template-name attribute specifies a table template by name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:template-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:template-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:title</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:title attribute that specifies a title of a help or error message.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:title attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7 and &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:track-changes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:track-changes attribute specifies whether change tracking is enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:track-changes attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: changes are not tracked.</li><li>true: changes are tracked.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:track-changes attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:track-changes attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:type attribute specifies a type for a table. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:type attribute specifies the processing of a referenced category column for display.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>column-percentage: Same as row-percentage, but the total for the result&#039;s column is used.</li><li>index: The row and column totals and the grand total are calculated as described for row-percentage, and then are used to calculate the following expression: (original result * grand total ) / ( row total * column total ). Division by zero is an error.</li><li>member-difference: From each result, the value calculated for the category column member specified by the table:member-type and table:member-name attributes is subtracted.</li><li>member-percentage: Each result is divided by the value calculated for the category column member specified by the table:member-type 19.673 and table:member-name 19.672 attributes. Division by zero is an error. Empty results are shown as “0”. If the table:member-type attribute has the value previous, “1” is displayed as first value. If the table:member-type attribute has the value next, “1” is displayed as last value.</li><li>member-percentage-difference: From each result, the value calculated for the category column member specified by the table:member-type 19.673 and table:member-name 19.672 attributes is subtracted, and the result is divided by this value again. Division by zero is an error. Otherwise, the rules for member-difference apply.</li><li>none: This value means that the results in the data fields are displayed unmodified.</li><li>row-percentage: Each result is divided by the total result for its row in the data pilot table. If there are multiple data fields, the total for the result&#039;s data field is used. If there are subtotals with manually-selected summary functions, the total is calculated with the data field&#039;s summary function. Division by zero results in an error.</li><li>running-total: Each result is added to the sum of the results for preceding members in the referenced category column, in the reference field&#039;s sort order, and the total sum is shown.</li><li>total-percentage: Same as row-percentage, but the grand total for the result&#039;s data field is used.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; 9.6.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:type attribute are none, member-difference, member-percentage, member-percentage-difference, running-total, row-percentage, column-percentage, total-percentage or index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:deletion&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:type attribute specifies the type of a deletion. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>column: column deleted.</li><li>row: row deleted.</li><li>table: table deleted.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:type attribute are row, column or table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:type attribute specifies the type of an insertion. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>column: column inserted.</li><li>row: row inserted.</li><li>table: table inserted.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:type attribute are row, column or table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:use-banding-columns-styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-banding-columns-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:even-columns&gt; 16.21.9 and &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; 16.21.10 elements of a table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in even and odd columns.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:use-banding-columns-styles attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cells are not styled based on even or odd column location.</li><li>true: cells are styled based on even or odd column location.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-banding-columns-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-banding-columns-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:use-banding-rows-styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-banding-rows-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:even-rows&gt; 16.21.7 and &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; 16.21.8 elements of a table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in even and odd rows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:use-banding-rows-styles attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cells not styled based on even or odd row location.</li><li>true: cells styled based on even or odd row location.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-banding-rows-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-banding-rows-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:use-first-column-styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-first-column-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:first-column&gt; 16.21.4 element of the table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table&#039;s first column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:use-first-column-styles attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cells not styled based on first column location.</li><li>true: cells styled based on first column location.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-first-column-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-first-column-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:use-first-row-styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-first-row-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:first-row&gt; 16.21.2 element of the table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table&#039;s first row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:use-first-row-styles attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cells not styled based on first row location.</li><li>true: cells styled based on first row location.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-first-row-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-first-row-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:use-last-column-styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-last-column-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:last-column&gt; 16.21.5 element of the table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table&#039;s last column. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:use-last-column-styles attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cells not styled based on last column location.</li><li>true: cells styled based on last column location.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-last-column-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-last-column-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:use-last-row-styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-last-row-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:last-row&gt; 16.21.3 element of the table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table&#039;s last row. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:use-last-row-styles attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: cells not styled based on last row location.</li><li>true: cells styled based on last row location.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-last-row-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-last-row-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:use-labels</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-labels attribute specifies whether labels should be used by the consolidation for rows, columns or both. If labels are used for rows or columns, mathematical functions are applied to cells with equally-labeled rows or columns rather than to cells with the same relative cell address.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>both: column and row labels used for consolidation.</li><li>column: column labels used for consolidation.</li><li>none: labels not used for consolidation.</li><li>row: row labels used for consolidation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-labels attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:use-labels attribute are none, row, column or both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:use-regular-expressions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-regular-expressions attribute specifies whether regular expressions are enabled for character-string comparisons and when searching.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Regular expressions are implementation-dependent expressions that, at a minimum, conform to the requirements of Conformance Clause C1 of [UTR18].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-wildcard 19.749 attribute and the table:use-regular-expressions attribute are mutually exclusive. The attribute values cannot be true for both attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:use-regular-expressions attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: regular expressions not enabled for string comparisons and searches.</li><li>true: regular expressions enabled for string comparisons and searches.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-regular-expressions attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-regular-expressions attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:use-wildcards</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-wildcards attribute specifies whether wildcards are enabled for character-string comparisons and when searching.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If enabled, in a query or search string of a function, the “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK), “*&quot; (U+002A, ASTERISK), and “~&quot; (U+007E, TILDE) are defined as:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>&quot;?&quot; (U+003F, QUESTION MARK): matches any single character;</li><li>&quot;*&quot; (U+002A, ASTERISK): matches any sequence of characters, including an empty string;</li><li>&quot;~&quot; (U+007E, TILDE): escapes the special meaning of a QUESTION MARK, ASTERISK or TILDE character that follows immediately after the TILDE character.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-regular-expressions 19.748 attribute and the table:use-wildcards attribute are mutually exclusive. The attribute values cannot be true for both attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:use-wildcards attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: wildcards are not enabled for character-string comparisons and searching.</li><li>true: wildcards are enabled for character-string comparisons and searching.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-wildcards attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:use-wildcards attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:used-hierarchy</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:used-hierarchy attribute specifies a unique number assigned by an external component to select the hierarchy that should be applied to a source field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the data pilot source is provided by an external component or service, the data contained within category columns may be grouped by its value and it may be further divided into sub-groups or hierarchies. If an external component supports hierarchies, it shall assign unique numbers to those hierarchies. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is -1. The default value of -1 means no hierarchy should be applied to a source field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:used-hierarchy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:used-hierarchy attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:user-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:user-name attribute specifies the user name needed to access a source. It is passed to a service implementation. Its value is implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:user-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:user-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:value attribute specifies a value for the filter condition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:value attribute are a value of type string 18.2 or a value of type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:value attribute specifies a single value within a set of filter values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; 9.5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:value-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:value-type attribute specifies the value type of a null date. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:value-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:null-date&gt; 9.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The only value of the table:value-type attribute is date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:visibility</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:visibility attribute specifies whether a row or column is visible.,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:visibility attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>collapse: a row or column is not visible.</li><li>filter: a row or column is not visible as the result of applying a filter.</li><li>visible: a row or column is visible.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is visible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:visibility attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6 and &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:visibility attribute are visible, collapse or filter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:active</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:active attribute specifies the setting of the page variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of an active page variable is increased on each page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An inactive page variable is not incremented between pages. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:active attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: page variable is inactive.</li><li>true: page variable is active.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:active attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:active attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:address</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:address attribute specifies the address for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:address attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:alphabetical-separators</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:alphabetical-separators attribute specifies whether entries beginning with the same letter are grouped and separated from the entries beginning with the next letter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:alphabetical-separators attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: entries beginning with the same letter are not grouped together and separated from entries beginning with the next letter.</li><li>true: entries beginning with the same letter are grouped together and separated from entries beginning with the next letter.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:alphabetical-separators attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:alphabetical-separators attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:anchor-page-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute specifies the physical page number of an anchor if the drawing object is bound to a page within a text document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:anchor-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:anchor-type attribute specifies how a drawing shape is bound to a text document. The anchor position is the point at which a drawing shape is bound to a text document. The defined values for the text:anchor-type attribute are shown in Table 17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The same attribute is available as graphic property 20.418.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the attribute is given both as element attribute and as graphic property 20.418, then the element attribute has precedence over the graphic property.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If neither an element attribute nor a graphic property is given or can be found by inheritance, then the attribute text:anchor-type defaults to value &quot;paragraph&quot;.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 17 - Text anchor positions</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>If the value of the text:anchor-type attribute is ...</p></th><th><p>The anchor position is...</p></th><th><p>The drawing shape element shall be located in file text ...</p></th><th><p>Notes</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>as-char</p></td><td><p>There is no anchor position. The drawing shape behaves like a character.</p></td><td><p>At the position where the character appears in the document.</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>char</p></td><td><p>The character after the drawing shape element.</p></td><td><p>Just before the character.</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>frame</p></td><td><p>The parent text box that the current drawing shape element is contained in.</p></td><td><p>In the element representing the text box to which the drawing object is bound.</p><p>If an image is bound to a text box, the image element is located in the text box element.</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>The page that has the same physical page number as the value of the text:anchor-page-number 19.758 attribute that is attached to the drawing shape element. If no text:anchor-page-number attribute is given, the anchor position is the page at which the character behind the drawing object element appears.</p></td><td><p>Either</p><ul><li>At the start of the document body, outside any paragraph or frame, provided a text:anchor-page-number attribute is given.</li></ul><p>Or</p><ul><li>Inside any paragraph element that is not contained in a header, footer, footnote, or text box, if a text:anchor-page-number attribute is not given.</li></ul></td><td><p>The physical page number is the number assigned to the page if all pages in the document are counted starting with page 1.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td><p>The paragraph that the current drawing shape element is contained in.</p></td><td><p>At the start of the paragraph element.</p></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:anchor-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:anchor-type attribute are page, frame, paragraph, char or as-char.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:annote</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:annote attribute specifies the annotation for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:annote attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:annote attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:author</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:author attribute specifies the author or authors for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:author attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:author attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:bibliography-data-field</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:bibliography-data-field attribute specifies which part of a bibliography data field will be displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:bibliography-data-field attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>address: 19.756.</li><li>annote: 19.760.</li><li>author: 19.761.</li><li>bibliography-type: 19.763.</li><li>booktitle: 19.764.</li><li>chapter: 19.772.</li><li>custom1: 19.792.</li><li>custom2: 19.793.</li><li>custom3: 19.794.</li><li>custom4: 19.795.</li><li>custom5: 19.796.</li><li>edition: 19.806.</li><li>editor: 19.807.</li><li>howpublished: 19.813.</li><li>identifier: 19.816.</li><li>institution: 19.820.</li><li>isbn: 19.823.</li><li>issn: 19.824.</li><li>journal: 19.825.</li><li>month: 19.840.</li><li>note: 19.842.</li><li>number: 19.844.</li><li>organizations: 19.849.</li><li>pages: 19.852.</li><li>publisher: 19.858.</li><li>report-type: 19.862.</li><li>school: 19.866.</li><li>series: 19.868.</li><li>title: 19.888.</li><li>url: 19.890.</li><li>volume: 19.908.</li><li>year: 19.909.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:bibliography-data-field attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; 8.13.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:bibliography-data-field attribute are address, annote, author, bibliography-type, booktitle, chapter, custom1, custom2, custom3, custom4, custom5, edition, editor, howpublished, identifier, institution, isbn, issn, journal, month, note, number, organizations, pages, publisher, report-type, school, series, title, url, volume or year.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:bibliography-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:bibliography-type attribute specifies to which type of bibliographical entry a template applies.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:bibliography-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>article: an article in a journal or magazine.</li><li>book: a book with a named publisher.</li><li>booklet: a work that is printed and bound, but without a named publisher or sponsoring institution.</li><li>conference: an article in conference proceedings.</li><li>custom1: the first of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic entry.</li><li>custom2: the second of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic entry.</li><li>custom3: the third of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic entry.</li><li>custom4: the fourth of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic entry.</li><li>custom5: the fifth of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic entry.</li><li>email: an email address.</li><li>inbook: a part of a book that can be identified.</li><li>incollection: a part of a book that has its own title.</li><li>inproceedings: a paper in conference proceedings.</li><li>journal: a journal name.</li><li>manual: technical documentation.</li><li>mastersthesis: a masters thesis.</li><li>misc: a type classification when more specific values are not appropriate.</li><li>phdthesis: a PhD thesis.</li><li>proceedings: the proceedings of a conference.</li><li>techreport: a report published by a school or other institution. </li><li>unpublished: a document with an author and title but not formally published.</li><li>www: the IRI for a document.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The definitions for article, book, booklet, inbook, incollection, inproceedings, journal, manual, mastersthesis, misc, phdthesis, proceedings, techreport, and unpublished are based on [BibTeXing]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:bibliography-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3 and &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:bibliography-type attribute are article, book, booklet, conference, custom1, custom2, custom3, custom4, custom5, email, inbook, incollection, inproceedings, journal, manual, mastersthesis, misc, phdthesis, proceedings, techreport, unpublished or www.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:booktitle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:booktitle attribute specifies the book title for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:booktitle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:booktitle attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:bullet-char</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:bullet-char attribute specifies the [UNICODE] character to use as the bullet in a bulleted list style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:bullet-char attribute are shown in Table 18:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 18 - Typical bullet characters</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>UNICODE Character Code</p></th><th><p>Typical Shape</p></th><th><p>UNICODE Character Name</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>U+2022</p></td><td><p>•</p></td><td><p>BULLET</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U+25CF</p></td><td><p>●</p></td><td><p>BLACK CIRCLE</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U+2714</p></td><td><p>✔</p></td><td><p>HEAVY CHECK MARK</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U+2717</p></td><td><p>✗</p></td><td><p>BALLOT X</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U+2794</p></td><td><p>➔</p></td><td><p>HEAVY WIDE-HEADED RIGHTWARDS ARROW</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U+27A2</p></td><td><p>➢</p></td><td><p>THREE-D TOP-LIGHTED RIGHTWARDS ARROWHEAD</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: These characters need not be available in all fonts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:bullet-char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:bullet-char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:bullet-relative-size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:bullet-relative-size attribute specifies a percentage value for the bullet size relative to the font size of the paragraphs in the bullet list.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:bullet-relative-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:bullet-relative-size attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:capitalize-entries</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:capitalize-entries attribute specifies whether the entries in an index are capitalized.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:capitalize-entries attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the case of entries in an index should not change. </li><li>true: the entries in an index should be capitalized. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:capitalize-entries attribute controls capitalization of index entries during the generation of indexes. Index entries may be entered in either upper or lower case, without regard to the text:capitalize-entries attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:capitalize-entries attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:capitalize-entries attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:c</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:c attribute specifies the number of “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters that a &lt;text:s&gt; element represents. A missing text:c attribute is interpreted as a single “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:c attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:c attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:caption-sequence-format</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:caption-sequence-format attribute specifies the format of entries for an index of illustrations or tables. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:caption-sequence-format attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>caption: text of the caption in which the referenced sequence field is included (without sequence number and value).</li><li>category-and-value: displays the name and value of the referenced sequence field. </li><li>text: displays the value of the referenced sequence field. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:caption-sequence-format attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2 and &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:caption-sequence-format attribute are text, category-and-value or caption.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:caption-sequence-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:caption-sequence-name attribute specifies the sequence by which captions are identified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the text:use-caption attribute is set to true, this attribute shall be present.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Captions are regular paragraphs. For index generation, a paragraph is considered to be a caption if it contains the sequence variable with the name specified by the text:caption-sequence-name attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:caption-sequence-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2 and &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:caption-sequence-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:change-id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:change-id attribute specifies the id that links &lt;text:change-start&gt;, &lt;text:change-end&gt;, and &lt;text:change&gt; elements to the &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element that contains change-tracking information. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:change-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3 and &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:change-id attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:chapter</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:chapter attribute specifies the chapter reference for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:chapter attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:chapter attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:citation-body-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:citation-body-style-name attribute specifies the text style to use for a note citation in the text flow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:citation-body-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:citation-body-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:citation-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:citation-style-name attribute specifies the text style to use for a note citation within the footnote.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:citation-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:citation-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:class-names</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A text:class-names attribute specifies a white-space-separated list of style names. The referenced styles are applied in the order they are contained in the list. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If both text:style-name and text:class-names are present, the style referenced by the text:style-name attribute is applied before the styles referenced by text:class-names attribute. If a conditional style is specified together with a text:class-names attribute, but without a text:style-name attribute, the text:style-name 19.880 attribute is assumed to have the value of the first style name in the list defined by the text:class-name attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A text:class-names attribute specifies a white-space-separated list of paragraph style names.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:class-names attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:class-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:p&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A text:class-names attribute specifies a white-space-separated list of paragraph style names.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:class-names attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:class-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:span&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A text:class-names attribute specifies a white-space-separated list of text style names.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:class-names attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:class-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:column-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:column-name attribute specifies the name of the column from which data is displayed. The value of this attribute shall be a column name contained in the current selection as specified by the data source.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:column-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:column-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:combine-entries</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:combine-entries attribute specifies whether multiple entries for a single word should be combined into a single entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:combine-entries attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: multiple entries for a single word should not be combined into a single entry. </li><li>true: multiple entries for a single word should be combined into a single entry. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:combine-entries attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:combine-entries attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:combine-entries-with-dash</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-dash attributes specifies that multiple entries for a single word that should be displayed as a single entry, as per a text:combine-entries attribute, should be displayed as a range of numbers separated by a dash.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:combine-entries-with-dash attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: multiple entries for a single word should not be displayed as a range of numbers separated by a dash. </li><li>true: multiple entries for a single word should be displayed as a range of numbers separated by a dash. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-dash attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-dash attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:combine-entries-with-pp</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-pp attributes specifies that multiple entries for a single word that should be displayed as a single entry, as per a text:combine-entries attribute, should be displayed as the start page number, followed by a &quot;ff&quot;, or the appropriate label for the chosen language.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: multiple entries for a single word should not be displayed as the start page number, followed by &quot;ff&quot;, or the appropriate label for the chosen language. </li><li>true: multiple entries for a single word should be displayed as the start page number, followed by &quot;ff&quot;, or the appropriate label for the chosen language. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-pp attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-pp attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:comma-separated</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:comma-separated attribute specifies how to treat multiple index entries. Instead of listing each index entry on a separate line, multiple entries can be listed on a single line separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). If the value of this attribute is true, multiple entries are listed on a single line separated by a comma. By default, the value of this attribute is false and each index entry is displayed on a separate line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:comma-separated attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: each index entry for a word is displayed on a separate line. </li><li>true: each index entry for a word is listed on a single line separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:comma-separated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:comma-separated attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:cond-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:cond-style-name attribute specifies a conditional-style, that is, a style that contains conditions and maps to other styles. 16.3 The style referenced shall be a paragraph style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a conditional style is applied to a paragraph, the text:style-name attribute should contain the name of the style that was the result of the conditional style evaluation, while the conditional style name itself is the value of the text:cond-style-name attribute. The referenced style can be a common style or an automatic style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:cond-style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:cond-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:condition</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies a condition. Conditions do not have a predefined syntax, but the attribute value should begin with a namespace prefix, followed by a &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON) separator, followed by the text of a formula. The namespace bound to the prefix determines the syntax and semantics of the formula. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies the condition that determines which of the two text strings of an &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; text field is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies a condition expression. The expression is evaluated and if the result interpreted as a Boolean value is true, the next row is used as the new current row. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the &lt;text:database-next&gt; element has no text:condition attribute, the next available row is selected. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies a condition for selecting a row. If the attribute is present, a new row will be selected only if the condition evaluates to a value interpreted as true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element has no text:condition attribute, the next row is selected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies a Boolean expression. If the expression evaluates to true, the paragraph is hidden. If the expression evaluates to false, the paragraph is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies a Boolean expression. If the expression evaluates to true, the text is hidden. If the expression evaluates to false, the text is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies the condition under which a section is hidden. The condition is encoded as a string. If the value of text:display 19.802 is condition, the text:condition attribute shall be present.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:connection-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:connection-name attribute specifies the name of the DDE connection to which a field refers.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:connection-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:connection-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:consecutive-numbering</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:consecutive-numbering attribute specifies whether the style uses consecutive numbering for all list levels or whether each list level restarts the numbering.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:consecutive-numbering attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: each list level restarts numbering. </li><li>true: consecutive numbering is used for all list levels. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:consecutive-numbering attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:consecutive-numbering attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:continue-list</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:continue-list attribute specifies the xml:id 19.920 value of a list that is to be continued.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:continue-list attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:continue-list attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:continue-numbering</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:continue-numbering attribute specifies, if the numbering of the preceding list is continued or not. This attribute is ignored, if attribute text:continue-list 19.785 is present. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:continue-numbering attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>true: if text:continue-list attribute is not present and the numbering style of the preceding list is the same as the current list, the number of the first list item in the current list is the number of the last item in the preceding list incremented by one. </li><li>false: if the text:continue-list attribute is not present, the numbering of the preceding list is not continued.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The use of the text:continue-numbering attribute with the &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element has been deprecated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:continue-numbering attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:continue-numbering attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:copy-outline-levels</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:copy-outline-levels attribute specifies whether index entries are indented according to the outline level of their source. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:copy-outline-levels attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: no indentation is added.</li><li>true: index entries are indented according to the outline level of their source. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:copy-outline-levels attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:copy-outline-levels attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:count-empty-lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:count-empty-lines attribute specifies whether empty lines are included in the line count. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:count-empty-lines attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: empty lines are not included in a line count.</li><li>true: empty lines are included in a line count.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:count-empty-lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:count-empty-lines attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:count-in-text-boxes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:count-in-text-boxes attribute specifies whether text in text boxes is included in the line count. If the value of this attribute is true, text within text boxes is included in the line count.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:count-in-text-boxes attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text within text boxes is not included in a line count.</li><li>true: text within text boxes is included in a line count.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:count-in-text-boxes attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:count-in-text-boxes attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:current-selected</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:current-selected attribute specifies whether a &lt;text:label&gt; 7.4.17 element is currently selected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:current-selected attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the &lt;text:label&gt; element is not currently selected.</li><li>true: the &lt;text:label&gt; element is currently selected.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:current-selected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:label&gt; 7.4.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:current-selected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:current-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:current-value attribute specifies the evaluation result of a condition given by the expression in a text:condition 19.782 attribute.  The value of this attribute is updated whenever the expression is evaluated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:current-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:current-value attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:custom1</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom1 attribute specifies the first of up to five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom1 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom1 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:custom2</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom2 attribute specifies the second of up to five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom2 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom2 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:custom3</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom3 attribute specifies the third of up to five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom3 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom3 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:custom4</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom4 attribute specifies the fourth of up to five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom4 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom4 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:custom5</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom5 attribute specifies the fifth of up to five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom5 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:custom5 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:database-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:database-name attribute specifies a source database by its name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:database-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6 and &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:database-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:date-adjust</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:date-adjust attribute specifies an adjustment to the value of a date field. If the time period is negative, it is subtracted from the value of the date field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:date-adjust attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:date-adjust attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:date-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:date-value attribute specifies a date value. If no value is specified, whether the field is marked as fixed or not, the current date is assumed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This attribute can also be used to specify a future date. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:date-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16 and &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:date-value attribute has the data type dateOrDateTime 18.3.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:default-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:default-style-name attribute specifies a default footnote paragraph style for new footnotes that are inserted into a document. It is not evaluated for footnotes that already exist.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:default-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:default-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:description</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:description attribute specifies a message that is displayed when users are prompted for input. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:description attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10 and &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:description attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:display</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies options for the display of text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies the information that a chapter field should display. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>name: name of a chapter.</li><li>number: number of a chapter.</li><li>number-and-name: name and number of a chapter.</li><li>plain-number: number of a chapter without text defined by style:num-prefix 19.506 and style:num-suffix 19.507, both of which are attributes on the &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element that defines the format for a chapter number.16.37.</li><li>plain-number-and-name: name of a chapter with the number of the same chapter without text defined by style:num-prefix 19.506 and style:num-suffix 19.507, both of which are attributes on the &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element that defines the format for a chapter number.16.37.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are name, number, number-and-name, plain-number-and-name or plain-number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:expression&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for an expression. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>formula: displays the formula instead of the value of a field.</li><li>value: displays the value of a field.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value or formula.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies how much of the file name and path to display. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>full: full file name, extension and file path.</li><li>path: file path only.</li><li>name: file name without extension.</li><li>name-and-extension: file name and extension. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The filename may be an IRI, either because an IRI has been used to retrieve the file, or the consumer internally uses IRIs and therefore converts system-specific paths into an IRI. If this is the case, and if the path, the name or the extension cannot be evaluated from the IRI, then the IRI should be displayed unmodified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are full, path, name or name-and-extension.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a chapter field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>name: name of a chapter.</li><li>number: number of a chapter.</li><li>number-and-name: name and number of a chapter.</li><li>plain-number: number of a chapter without text defined by style:num-prefix 19.506 and style:num-suffix 19.507, both of which are attributes on the &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element that defines the format for a chapter number.16.37.</li><li>plain-number-and-name: name of a chapter with the number of the same chapter without text defined by style:num-prefix 19.506 and style:num-suffix 19.507, both of which are attributes on the &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element that defines the format for a chapter number.16.37.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1 element the default value for this attribute is number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are name, number, number-and-name, plain-number or plain-number-and-name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies whether the section is hidden. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>condition: the section is hidden or displayed according to the condition specified by the text:condition 19.782 attribute.</li><li>none: the section is hidden unconditionally.</li><li>true: the section is displayed. This is the default setting.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are true, none or condition.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a table formula field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>formula: the formula used to calculate the value of the field.</li><li>value: the value of the field.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value or formula.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display about a document template.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>area: The category of the template. Assignments of categories to templates is implementation-dependent. </li><li>full: full file name, extension and file path.</li><li>name: file name only.</li><li>name-and-extension: file name and extension. </li><li>path: file path only.</li><li>title: The title.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are full, path, name, name-and-extension, area or title.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a user field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>formula: displays the formula instead of the value of a field.</li><li>none: hides the content of a field.</li><li>value: displays the value of a field.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value, formula or none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a variable-get field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>formula: displays the formula instead of the value of a field.</li><li>value: displays the value of a field.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value or formula.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a variable-input field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none: hides the content of a field.</li><li>value: displays the value of a field.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value or none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a variable-set field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none: hides the content of a field.</li><li>value: displays the value of a field.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value or none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:display-levels</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display-levels attribute specifies the number of levels whose numbers are displayed at the current level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display-levels attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display-levels attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:display-outline-level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display-outline-level attribute specifies the numbering of a sequence by chapter. This attribute specifies an outline level that determines which chapters to reference for the chapter-specific numbering. All chapters that are at or below the specified outline level reset the value of the sequence to zero, the default value. The chapter number of the last chapter at or below the specified outline level is prefixed to the sequence number. Choosing an outline level of zero results in a continuous numbering of all sequence elements for that sequence variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display-outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display-outline-level attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:duration</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:duration attribute contains the value of a &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; field element if its value is fixed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:duration attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:duration attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:edition</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:edition attribute specifies the edition for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:edition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:edition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:editor</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:editor attribute specifies the editor for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:editor attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:editor attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:filter-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:filter-name attribute specifies the filter type to be used to import the link target. The value of this attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:filter-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:filter-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:fixed</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:fixed attribute specifies whether the value of a field element is fixed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:fixed attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: value of the field element where this attribute appears may be changed. </li><li>true: value of the field element where this attribute appears is preserved.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:fixed attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10 and &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:fixed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:footnotes-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:footnotes-position attribute specifies a position for a footnote. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:footnotes-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>document: end of the document.</li><li>page: bottom of the page where the footnote citation is located.</li><li>section: end of the section.</li><li>text: at the page where the footnote citation is located, immediately below the page&#039;s text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:footnotes-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:footnotes-position attribute are text, page, section or document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:formula</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:formula attribute specifies the formula or expression used to compute the value of a field. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute value should begin with a namespace prefix followed by &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON) followed by the text of the formula. The namespace bound to the prefix determines the syntax and semantics of the formula. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:formula attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:formula attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:global (deprecated)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:global attribute specifies whether the user interface of a consumer should consider the documents to which linked text sections are linked as individually editable parts of the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:global attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the user interface need not make a distinction between linked text sections and non-linked text sections.</li><li>true: the user interface considers the content of linked text sections as parts of the document which may be edited by editing the documents to which the linked text sections are linked.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:global attribute is deprecated in favor of the application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master MIME type. Using this MIME type for a document has the same effect as the value true for a text:global attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:global attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:global attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:howpublished</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:howpublished attribute specifies the publication type for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:howpublished attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:howpublished attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:increment</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:increment attribute causes line numbers to be numbered as multiples of a specified increment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:increment attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1 and &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; 16.31.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:increment attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies an identifier or a name for an element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:text-box&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies an identifier for for a text box. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a text:id attribute if it occurs on a &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element with an xml:id attribute value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument producers may write text:id attributes for &lt;draw:text-box&gt; elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> The value of a text:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a name by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the text:id attribute shall be unique except for a matching &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a name by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the text:id attribute shall be unique except for a matching &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:changed-region&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies the an identifier for achanged region.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The ID value is used in text:change-id 19.771 IDREF values to refer to a particular &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a text:id attribute if it occurs on an element with an xml:id attribute value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument producers may write text:id attributes for elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of a text:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies an identifier for a heading.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a text:id attribute if it occurs on an element with an xml:id attribute value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument producers may write text:id attributes for elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of a text:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:note&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies specifies a name by which notes can be referenced from &lt;text:note-ref&gt; elements. See 7.7.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:p&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies an identifier for a paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a text:id attribute if it occurs on a &lt;text:p&gt; element with an xml:id attribute value. If there is no xml:id attribute value, then a text:id attribute should be processed as it were an xml:id attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument producers may write text:id attributes for &lt;text:p&gt; elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A &lt;text:p&gt; element shall not have an text:id attribute if it has no xml:id attribute value. The value of a text:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same &lt;text:p&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a name by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the text:id attribute shall be unique except for a matching &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a name by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the text:id attribute shall be unique except for a matching &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a string by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The string shall be unique except for matching its corresponding &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a string by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The string shall be unique except for matching its corresponding &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:identifier</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:identifier attribute specifies an identifier for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:identifier attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:identifier attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:index-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:index-name attribute specifies the name of a user-defined index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: In order to support multiple user-defined indexes with different contents, user index marks have a text:index-name attribute. The same attribute can be used with a &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; element to specify which index marks apply to the current index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:index-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:index-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:index-scope</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:index-scope attribute specifies whether an index is constructed for an entire document or for a chapter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:index-scope attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>chapter: the index is constructed for the chapter that contains the index. A chapter consists of all those paragraphs and headings which have the same immediately preceding heading with outline level 1. </li><li>document: the index is constructed for the entire document. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2 elements the default value for this attribute is document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:index-scope attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2, &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:index-scope attribute are document or chapter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:ignore-case</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ignore-case attribute specifies whether the capitalization of words is ignored. If the value is true, the capitalization is ignored and entries that are identical except for character case are listed as the same entries. If the value is false, the capitalization of words is not ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:ignore-case attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: index entries that are identical except for character case should be listed as the same entries.</li><li>true: index entries that are identical but differ in character case should not be listed as separate entries.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ignore-case attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ignore-case attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:institution</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:institution attribute specifies an institution for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:institution attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:institution attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:is-hidden</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:is-hidden attribute specifies whether a field or paragraph is currently visible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The value of this attribute is overwritten with a new value as soon as the consumer evaluates the expression. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:is-hidden attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: condition for display has evaluated to false, field or paragraph is visible.</li><li>true: condition for display has evaluated to true, field or paragraph is not visible.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:is-hidden attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11 and &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:is-hidden attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:is-list-header</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:is-list-header attribute specifies the appearance of a specific heading without numbering. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:is-list-header attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: heading will be numbered.</li><li>true: heading will be not numbered, even if the header has a list-style..</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:is-list-header attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:is-list-header attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:isbn</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:isbn attribute specifies an ISBN for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:isbn attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:isbn attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:issn</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:issn attribute specifies an ISSN for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:issn attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:issn attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:journal</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:journal attribute specifies a journal for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:journal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:journal attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:key</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key attribute specifies a type for the index entries that should be used for sorting. See 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:key attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>address: 19.756.</li><li>annote: 19.760.</li><li>author: 19.761.</li><li>bibliography-type: 19.763.</li><li>booktitle: 19.764.</li><li>chapter: 19.772.</li><li>custom1: 19.792.</li><li>custom2: 19.793.</li><li>custom3: 19.794.</li><li>custom4: 19.795.</li><li>custom5: 19.796.</li><li>edition: 19.806.</li><li>editor: 19.807.</li><li>howpublished: 19.813.</li><li>identifier: 19.816.</li><li>institution: 19.820.</li><li>isbn: 19.823.</li><li>issn: 19.824.</li><li>journal: 19.825.</li><li>month: 19.840.</li><li>note: 19.842.</li><li>number: 19.844.</li><li>organizations: 19.849.</li><li>pages: 19.852.</li><li>publisher: 19.858.</li><li>report-type: 19.862.</li><li>school: 19.866.</li><li>series: 19.868.</li><li>title: 19.888.</li><li>url: 19.890.</li><li>volume: 19.908.</li><li>year: 19.909.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sort-key&gt; 16.31.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:key attribute are address, annote, author, bibliography-type, booktitle, chapter, custom1, custom2, custom3, custom4, custom5, edition, editor, howpublished, identifier, institution, isbn, issn, journal, month, note, number, organizations, pages, publisher, report-type, school, series, title, url, volume or year.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:key1</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key1 attribute specifies an additional key for an alphabetical index mark. If only one key is used, it shall be contained in a text:key1 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key1 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key1 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:key2</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key2 attribute specifies an additional key for an alphabetical index mark.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key2 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key2 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:key1-phonetic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key1-phonetic attribute specifies a phonetic key for &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; elements. Phonetic keys should be used for sorting. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key1-phonetic attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key1-phonetic attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:key2-phonetic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key2-phonetic attribute specifies an additional phonetic key for &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key2-phonetic attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:key2-phonetic attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:kind</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:kind attribute specifies which part of a measure is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:kind attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>gap: Adds space to text if the measure text&#039;s writing direction is perpendicular to the measure line. </li><li>unit: The measure&#039;s unit is displayed.</li><li>value: The measure&#039;s value is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The purpose of the gap value is add space between the measure line and the text if the text is displayed perpendicular to the measure line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:kind attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:kind attribute are value, unit or gap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:label</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:label attribute specifies a label for user -nserted notes in a document. If this attribute is omitted, the element content is used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:label attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:note-citation&gt; 6.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:label attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:label-followed-by</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:label-followed-by attribute specifies a character that is inserted following a list label. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:label-followed-by attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>listtab: a tab character is inserted after a list label before the text starts.</li><li>nothing: text starts directly after a list label.</li><li>space: a “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character is inserted after a list label before the text starts.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:label-followed-by attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:label-followed-by attribute are listtab, space or nothing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:level attribute specifies the level of an outline or number list style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:level attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:list-id (deprecated)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-id attribute is deprecated, because only the deprecated element &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; uses it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-id attribute specifies an id that is used to group numbered paragraphs form a list. All numbered paragraphs with the same text:list-id value belong to one list. This list defines the counter domain for the numbered paragraphs. In this context, a list is defined as a number of list items, spanning multiple levels. As with lists in &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 representation the list style of the first numbered paragraph at every list level is used for the start value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-id attribute did not exist in OpenDocument v1.0 and v1.1. For such text documents which do not contain the text:list-id attribute the following rules are applied to form a list from a group of numbered paragraphs:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>A series of numbered paragraphs each using the same list style belong to the same list.</li><li>A numbered paragraph that does not have a text:list-id gets the text:list-id of the last numbered paragraph on the same list level using the same list style. If the previous numbered-paragraph has a different list style, then a new list is started.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:list-tab-stop-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-tab-stop-position attribute specifies an additional tab stop which is inserted into the list of tab stops that are defined for a list item. By default the tab stop&#039;s position is following the list label. The text of the first line of list item starts at this tab stop. In left-to-right layout environments this tab stop is interpreted as a left tab. While in right-to-left layout environments it is interpreted as a right tab.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-tab-stop-position attribute is ignored unless the text:label-followed-by attribute has the value listtab. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are two cases in which this additional tab stop does not specify the start the of the text of the first line of the list item:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The position of the additional tab stop is before the end of the list label.</li><li>Between the end of the list label and the position of the additional tab stop exists already a tab stop.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In these cases, the tab character that is inserted following the list label advances to the next tab stop, or a default tab stop if none exists. However, other tab stops contained in the list item&#039;s text may advance to the additional list tab stop. The additional tab stop is further applied to the full text of tab stop, that is, not only the first line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-tab-stop-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-tab-stop-position attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:main-entry</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:main-entry attribute specifies which of multiple index marks for the same entry is the main entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:main-entry attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: no index mark is specified as the main entry from multiple index marks for the same entry.</li><li>true: one index mark out of multiple index marks for the same entry is specified as the main entry.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:main-entry attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:main-entry attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:main-entry-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:main-entry-style-name attribute specifies the character style to use for main entries. Sub entries are formatted using the default character style determined by the paragraph style of the entries.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:main-entry-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:main-entry-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:master-page-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:master-page-name attribute specifies the name of a master page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:page&gt; elements 5.2.2, the attribute specifies the name of the master page which is used to format the page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; elements 16.31.3, the attributes specifies the master page which is used to format the pages on which the notes are displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:master-page-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3 and &lt;text:page&gt; 5.2.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:master-page-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:month</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:month attribute specifies a month for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:month attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:month attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for an alphabetical index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a bibliography.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name for a bookmark.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name that shall match the text:name attribute on only one &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3 element in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name that shall match the text:name attribute on only one &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4 element in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a drop-down list input field.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a macro to invoke when a field is activated. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for an illustration index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for an index title.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for an object index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for reference elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name that shall match the text:name attribute on only one &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3 element in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name that shall match the text:name attribute on only one &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4 element in a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a section.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies name of a variable to display. It shall match the name of a sequence variable already declared by a preceding &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12 element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name of a variable to be declared. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a table index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> The text:name attribute specifies a name that corresponds to the value of a meta:name attribute on a &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a user-defined field declaration. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies the name of a user-defined field that shall be declared already by a preceding &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies the name of a user-defined field that shall be declared already by a preceding &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a user-specified index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a variable name that shall match a variable name already declared by a preceding &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a variable declaration. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a variable name that shall match a preceding &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a variable name that shall match the name of variable already declared by a preceding &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:note</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:note attribute specifies a note for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:note attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:note attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:note-class</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:note-class attribute specifies the class of a note. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:note-class attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>endnote: note appears at the end of a chapter or document. </li><li>footnote: note appears at the footer of a page.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:note-class attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7 and &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:note-class attribute are footnote or endnote.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number attribute specifies a number for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:number-lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number-lines attribute specifies whether lines are numbered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:number-lines attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: lines are not numbered.</li><li>true: lines are numbered.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1 element the default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number-lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number-lines attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:number-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number-position attribute specifies in which margin of a page line numbers appear. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:number-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>inner: line numbers appear on the inner margin of a page.</li><li>left: line numbers appear on the left margin of a page.</li><li>outer: line numbers appear on the outer margin of a page.</li><li>right: line numbers appear on the right margin of a page</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is left.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:number-position attribute are left, right, inner or outer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:numbered-entries</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:numbered-entries attribute specifies whether a number is displayed for bibliography entries instead of their short name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:numbered-entries attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: short names for bibliographic entries displayed.</li><li>true: number displayed for bibliographic entries.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:numbered-entries attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:numbered-entries attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:offset</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:offset attribute specifies the distance between a line number and the margin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:offset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:offset attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:organizations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:organizations attribute specifies one or more organizations for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:organizations attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:organizations attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:outline-level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies the level to which a template applies.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:outline-level attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>1: index mark with only text but no keys assigned is assigned to level one.</li><li>2: index mark with text and one key, key is assigned to level one and index mark value is assigned to level two.</li><li>3: index mark with two keys, first key is assigned to level one, second key is assigned to level two, and the index mark value is assigned to level three.</li><li>separator: the template defines an alphabetical separator. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:outline-level attribute are 1, 2, 3 or separator.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level to use. The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element displays a chapter number or title up to the specified outline level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies the level of a heading, starting with 1. Headings without a level attribute are assumed to be at level 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for an index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for an index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; 8.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for an index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies to which outline level an entry configuration applies. Outline levels shall be unique for the template elements in one index source.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies which outline levels are used when generating a table of contents. The value of this attribute shall be an integer greater than zero. If this attribute is omitted, all outline levels are used by default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for a table of contents index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; </h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for a table of contents index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies the template applied to entries at a specified outline level in a user-defined index. All &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; elements that are contained in the same parent element shall specify different outline levels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for a user index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:page-adjust</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute specifies an adjustment to page numbering. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute specifies an adjustment of the value of a page number field, to display of page numbers of following or preceding pages. The specified value is added to the current page number. If a page with the resulting page number does not exist, no number is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute specifies a page adjustment. The value of an active page variable is the current page number plus any page adjustment value immediately prior to the occurrence of this variable in document order.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:pages</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:pages attribute specifies the page number or page numbers for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:pages attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:pages attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:placeholder-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:placeholder-type attribute specifies the content type of a placeholder. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:placeholder-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>image: placeholder can be replaced by an image.</li><li>object: placeholder can be replaced by an object.</li><li>table: placeholder can be replaced by a table.</li><li>text: placeholder can be replaced by text.</li><li>text-box: placeholder can be replaced by a text-box.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:placeholder-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:placeholder-type attribute are text, table, text-box, image or object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:prefix</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:prefix attribute specifies a string that is displayed before a bibliography entry&#039;s short name or number if it occurs outside the bibliography. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:prefix attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:prefix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:protected</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:protected attribute specifies whether a section is protected. A section can be protected, which means that a user cannot edit the section. The protection is enforced by the user interface only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: If the section is protected and the text:protection-key 19.856 attribute is present, an authorization is required for resetting the protection to enable editing. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:protected attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: section is not protected from editing.</li><li>true: section is protected from editing.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:protected attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:protection-key</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:protection-key attribute, when present, specifies that an authorization is required for removing the protection of a section. The authentication procedure is identified by the text:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute 19.857 The attribute value is binary data that may be used by the authentication procedure. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8 encoding. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:protection-key attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:protection-key attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute value is an IRI that identifies an authentication procedure for removing a protection.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the IRI identifies a message-digest algorithm specified in §5.7 of [xmlenc-core], the value of text:protection-key 19.856 attribute shall be the hash value of the password that is required to authorize removal of the protection. The password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8 encoding.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Any other procedures, their identifying IRIs, and their application of text:protection-key values are implementation-defined. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Consumers shall support http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1<a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1,">,</a> which is the default, and http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. They may support other algorithms described in §5.7 of [xmlenc-core] or alternative procedures. Producers should use http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:publisher</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:publisher attribute specifies a publisher for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:publisher attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:publisher attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:ref-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute specifies a name that is used as a reference. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute references a &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2 or &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3 element by the value of that element&#039;s text:name 6.2.1.3 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute references a &lt;text:note&gt; 19.842 element by the value of that element&#039;s text:id 19.815 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute references a &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2 or &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3 element by the value of that element&#039;s text:name 19.841 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute identifies the element referenced by this reference field element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute specifies the name for a sequence field that is the target of a reference field. No two sequence fields can have the same reference name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a sequence field is not the target of a reference, this attribute can be omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute references a &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13 element by the value of that element&#039;s text:ref-name 7.4.13 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:ref-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:reference-format</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:reference-format attribute specifies what information about a reference is displayed. If the reference format is not specified, the page format is used as the default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:reference-format attribute supported by all reference fields are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>chapter: displays the number of the chapter in which the referenced item appears.</li><li>direction: displays whether the referenced item is above or below the reference field.</li><li>page: displays the number of the page on which the referenced item appears.</li><li>text: displays the text of the referenced item.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Additional defined values for the text:reference-format attribute supported by references to sequence fields are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>caption: displays the caption in which the sequence is used.</li><li>category-and-value: displays the name and value of the sequence.</li><li>value: displays the value of the sequence.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>References to bookmarks and other references support additional values, which display the <em>list label</em> of the referenced item. If the referenced item is contained in a list or a numbered paragraph, the list label is the formatted number of the paragraph which contains the referenced item. If the referenced item is not contained in a list or numbered paragraph, the list label is empty, and the referenced field therefore displays nothing. If the referenced bookmark or reference contains more than one paragraph, the list label of the paragraph at which the bookmark or reference starts is taken.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Additional defined values for the text:reference-format attribute supported by all references to bookmarks or other reference fields are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>number: displays the list label of the referenced item. The list position of the referenced item plus all of its superior list levels are its reference.</li><li><p>number-all-superior: displays the list label of the referenced item and is prefixed by the list labels of all superior list levels.</p><p>The list label of the referenced item may already contain numbers of superior levels. If this is the case, and if <em>n</em> is the level of the most superior level contained in the list label, then no list label content of superior levels smaller or equal than <em>n</em> are added.</p></li><li>number-no-superior: displays the contents of the list label of the referenced item.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:reference-format attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5 and &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5 elements, the values of the text:reference-format attribute are page, chapter, direction, text, number-no-superior, number-all-superior or number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6 elements, the values of the text:reference-format attribute are page, chapter, direction, text, number-no-superior, number-all-superior or number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:reference-format attribute are page, chapter, direction or text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8 elements, the values of the text:reference-format attribute are page, chapter, direction, text, category-and-value, caption or value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:relative-tab-stop-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:relative-tab-stop-position attribute specifies whether the position of tab stops is relative to the left margin or to the left indent as determined by the paragraph style. It is used in the specification for the generation of index entries and table of content entries.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:relative-tab-stop-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: paragraph style determines position of tab stops relative to the left margin.</li><li>true: paragraph style determines the position of tab stops relative to the left indent.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:relative-tab-stop-position attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2, &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:relative-tab-stop-position attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:report-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:report-type attribute specifies a report type for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:report-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:report-type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:restart-numbering</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:restart-numbering attribute specifies whether to restart the numbering of headings. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:restart-numbering attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: numbering of headings does not restart.</li><li>true: numbering of headings does restart.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:restart-numbering attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:restart-numbering attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:restart-on-page</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:restart-on-page attribute specifies whether the line count is reset to 1 at the start of every page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of this attribute is true, the line count is reset to 1 at the beginning of every page, resulting in page-specific numbering of lines. The default value of this attribute is false, resulting in document-specific numbering of lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:restart-on-page attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: line count is not reset, resulting in document-wide numbering of lines.</li><li>true: line count is reset to 1 at the beginning of every page, resulting in page-specific line numbering.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:restart-on-page attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:restart-on-page attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:row-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:row-number attribute specifies a row number to select when a condition is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:row-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:row-number attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:school</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:school attribute specifies a school for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:school attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:school attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:section-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:section-name attribute specifies a section to which a section is linked by its name. The referenced section occurs either in the document referenced by the xlink:href 19.916 attribute on the same &lt;text:section-source&gt; element, or in the same document if the xlink:href 19.916 attribute is not present. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the text:section-name attribute is not present, the section is linked to the entire document referenced by the xlink:href attribute, unless the xlink:href attribute contains a fragment identifier. If neither the xlink:href attribute nor the text:section-name attribute is present, the &lt;text:section-source&gt; element shall be ignored. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:section-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:section-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:series</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:series attribute specifies the series for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:series attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:series attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:select-page</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:select-page attribute specifies conditional display of text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:select-page attribute specifies whether to check for a previous or next page and if that page exists, continuation text is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:select-page attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>next: check for next page and if it exists, displays continuation text.</li><li>previous: check for previous page and if it exists, display continuation text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:select-page attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:select-page attribute are previous or next.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:select-page attribute specifies whether to display or not the number of a previous or following page rather than the number of the current page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:select-page attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>current: number of the current page.</li><li>next: number of the page immediately following the current page.</li><li>previous: number of the page immediately preceding the current page.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: To display the current page number on all pages except the first or last page, use a combination of the text:select-page and text:page-adjust 19.851 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:select-page attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:select-page attribute are previous, current or next.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:separation-character</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:separation-character attribute specifies the character used to separate values representing levels in an outline.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the text:display-outline-level attribute is a non-zero value, a separation character may be specified. The default separation character is &quot;.&quot; (U+002E, FULL STOP). If the value of text:display-outline-level 19.851 is zero, this attribute shall be omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:separation-character attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:separation-character attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:sort-algorithm</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:sort-algorithm specifies a locale-specific sorting algorithm by name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:sort-algorithm attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2 and &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:sort-algorithm attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:sort-ascending</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:sort-ascending attribute specifies whether locale-specific sorting takes place in ascending or descending order.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:sort-ascending attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: sorting takes place in descending order.</li><li>true: sorting takes place in ascending order.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:sort-ascending attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sort-key&gt; 16.31.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:sort-ascending attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:sort-by-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:sort-by-position attribute specifies whether bibliography entries are displayed in the order of their positions in the document, or by selected fields.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:sort-by-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: bibliographic entries are displayed in the order of their positions in a document.</li><li>true: bibliographic entries are displayed as sorted by selected fields. The collation order for entries sorted by fields is determined by by the attributes fo:language 19.236, fo:country 19.234, fo:script 19.242, style:rfc-language-tag 19.516 and text:sort-algorithm 19.516.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:sort-by-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:sort-by-position attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:start-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies the value for starting or restarting numbering.. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies a value that restarts numbering at the current heading.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies a value that restarts numbering of a list at the current item. This attribute can only be applied to items in a list with a numbering list style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies a value that restarts numbering at the current list level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies the value at which note numbering starts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies a value that restarts numbering of a numbered paragraph at the current item.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies the first number of a heading item at the current level.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:start-numbering-at</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-numbering-at attribute specifies if footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning of the document or at the beginning of each chapter or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:start-numbering-at attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>chapter: footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning of a chapter.</li><li>document: footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning of a document. </li><li>page: footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning of a page.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:start-numbering-at attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:start-numbering-at attribute are document, chapter or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:string-value-phonetic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value-phonetic attribute specifies a phonetic description of a word.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value-phonetic attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value-phonetic attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:string-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies text for display. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies text to be displayed in an alphabetical index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies the text to display if a text:condition attribute has the value of false. If this attribute is omitted, the element content is used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies continuation text to display. If this attribute is omitted, the element content is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies text to be displayed in a table of contents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies text to be displayed in an index.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:string-value-if-false</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value-if-false attribute specifies text string to display if a condition is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value-if-false attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value-if-false attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:string-value-if-true</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value-if-true attribute specifies a text string to display if a condition is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value-if-true attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:string-value-if-true attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a style by name, with the additional requirement that the style belongs to a family that is consistent with the style&#039;s use. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a text style for an unvisited hyperlink. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style. If a conditional style is applied, this attribute has the name of the style that was the result of the conditional style evaluation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If both text:style-name and text:class-names 19.775 are present, the style referenced by the text:style-name attribute is treated as the first style in the list in text:class-names. Consumers should support the text:class-names attribute and also should preserve it while editing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; 8.13.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; 8.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:list&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies the name of a list style that is applied to a list.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this attribute is not included and therefore no list style is specified, one of the following actions is taken:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If a list is contained within another list, the list style defaults to the style of the surrounding list.</li><li>If there is no list style specified for the surrounding list, but the list&#039;s list items contain paragraphs that have paragraph styles attached specifying a list style, that list style is used. </li><li>An implementation-dependent default list style is used.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To determine which formatting properties are applied to a list, the list level and list style name are taken into account. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies the name of a list style that is applied to a list.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this attribute is not included and therefore no list style is specified, one of the following actions is taken:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If the list is contained within another list, the list style defaults to the style of the surrounding list.</li><li>If there is no list style specified for the surrounding list, but the list contains paragraphs that have paragraph styles attached specifying a list style, this list style is used for any of these paragraphs.</li><li>An implementation-dependent default list style is applied to any other paragraphs.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To determine which formatting properties are applied to a list, the list level and list style name are taken into account. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:p&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style. If a conditional style is applied, this attribute has the name of the style that was the result of the conditional style evaluation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If both text:style-name and text:class-names are present, the style referenced by the text:style-name attribute is treated as the first style in the list in text:class-names 19.775. Consumers should support the text:class-names attribute and also should preserve it while editing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a ruby family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; 6.4.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:span&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies style for span which shall be a style with family of text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If both text:style-name and text:class-names are present, the style referenced by the text:style-name attribute is treated as the first style in the list in text:class-names 19.775. Consumers should support the text:class-names attribute and also should preserve it while editing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:style-override</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-override attribute specifies an override to the list style to be applied to a list item. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-override attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:style-override attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:suffix</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:suffix attribute specifies a string that is displayed after a bibliography entry&#039;s short name or number if it occurs outside the bibliography. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:suffix attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:suffix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:tab-ref</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:tab-ref attribute contains the number of the tab-stop to which a tab character refers. The position 0 marks the start margin of a paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The text:tab-ref attribute is only a hint to help non-layout-oriented consumers to determine the association of tab with tab-stop. Layout-oriented consumers should determine the tab positions based on the style information.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:tab-ref attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:tab-ref attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:table-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:table-name attribute specifies a table within a source database.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:table-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6 and &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:table-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:table-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:table-type attribute specifies the type of reference made to a database. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:table-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>table : the value of the text:table-name 19.884 attribute is the name of a database table.</li><li>query : the value of the text:table-name attribute is the name of a database query.</li><li>command : the value of the text:table-name attribute is an SQL statement.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:table-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6 and &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:table-type attribute are table, query or command.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:time-adjust</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:time-adjust attribute specifies an adjustment of the value of a time by a specific time period. Positive values adjust the time to a time in the future, while negative values adjust the time to a time in the past. Duration values are truncated to full minutes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Truncation of time values is defined by number:truncate-on-overflow. 19.369</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:time-adjust attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:time-adjust attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:time-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:time-value attribute specifies the time at which a document was last edited.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If no value is specified, whether the field is marked as fixed or not, the current time is assumed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:time-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7 and &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:time-value attribute has the data type timeOrDateTime 18.3.36.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:title</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:title attribute specifies a title for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:title attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:track-changes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:track-changes attribute specifies whether changes to the document should be tracked and recorded.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:track-changes attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: changes are not tracked.</li><li>true: changes are tracked.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:track-changes attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:track-changes attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:url</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:url attribute specifies an IRI for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:url attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:url attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-caption</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-caption attribute specifies whether captions or names of illustrations or tables are used for an index. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values of the text:use-caption attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: illustration or table names are used for an index.</li><li>true: illustration or table captions are used for an index.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-caption attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2 and &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-caption attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-chart-objects</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-chart-objects attribute specifies whether to include embedded chart objects in an index of objects. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-chart-objects attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: object is not included in index of objects.</li><li>true: object is included in index of objects.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-chart-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-chart-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-draw-objects</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-draw-objects attributes specifies whether embedded draw objects (defined by &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2 elements) will be included in an index of objects. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-draw-objects attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: draw objects not included in an index of objects.</li><li>true: draw objects included in an index of objects.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-draw-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-draw-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-floating-frames</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-floating-frames attribute specifies whether text boxes will be included in user-defined indexes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-floating-frames attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text boxes not included in user-defined indexes.</li><li>true: text boxes included in user-defined indexes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-floating-frames attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-floating-frames attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-graphics</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-graphics attribute specifies whether graphics are include in user-defined indexes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-graphics attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: graphics are not included in user-defined indexes.</li><li>true: graphics are included in user-defined indexes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-graphics attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-graphics attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-index-marks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-index-marks attribute specifies whether table of contents index marks are used to generate index entries. The text:outline-level 19.850 attribute specifies up to which level index marks are being included.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-index-marks attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: table of contents does not include entries generated from table of contents index marks.</li><li>true: table of contents does include entries generated from table of contents index marks.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2 element the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-index-marks attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-index-marks attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-index-source-styles</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-index-source-styles attribute specifies whether index entries are generated for paragraphs formatted using the paragraph styles listed in the &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:outline-level 19.850 attribute specifies up to which level index source styles are being included.  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-index-source-styles attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: index entries are not generated for paragraphs formatted using the paragraph styles listed in a &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element.</li><li>true: index entries are generated for paragraphs formatted using the paragraph styles listed in a &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2 element the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-index-source-styles attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-index-source-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-keys-as-entries</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-keys-as-entries attribute specifies the use of the up to two keys for an index mark as entries in the index. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-keys-as-entries attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: additional keys are used as sub-entries.</li><li>true: additional keys are used as additional entries.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-keys-as-entries attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-keys-as-entries attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-math-objects</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-math-objects attribute specifies whether embedded math objects are included in an index of objects. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-math-objects attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: math objects are not included in an index of objects.</li><li>true: math objects are included in an index of objects.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-math-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-math-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-objects</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-objects attribute specifies whether an object is included in a user-defined index. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-objects attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: objects are not included in a user define index.</li><li>true: objects are included in a user-defined index.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-other-objects</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-other-objects attribute specifies whether other embedded objects are included in an index of objects. Other objects are those not covered by text:use-chart-objects 19.892, text:use-draw-objects 19.893, text:use-math-objects 19.899, and text:use-spreadsheet-objects 19.904 attributes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-other-objects attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: other objects are not included in an index of objects.</li><li>true: other objects are included in an index of objects.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-other-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-other-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-outline-level</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-outline-level attribute specifies whether headings are used to generate index entries. The text:outline-level attribute specifies up to which level headings are being included. 19.850</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-outline-level attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: table of contents does not include entries generated from headings.</li><li>true: table of contents does include entries generated from headings.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-outline-level attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-soft-page-breaks</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute specifies whether a document contains soft page breaks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A soft page break is a page break that has been included in a document by a page-oriented consumer at a position where the document itself does not include a page break as defined by fo:break-after 20.185 or fo:break-before 20.185. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Soft page breaks are specified by the &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument producers need not produce&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements. They may include them if they have computed a paginated layout. Consumers may handle the element while computing the layout, but it shall not depend on its existence. Soft page breaks are only defined for text documents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Producers that store soft page breaks shall indicate this by setting the text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute to true. Producers that do not store soft page breaks shall indicate that by omitting this attribute, or by setting it to false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A producer that does not support pagination and soft page-breaks and that modifies an OpenDocument file, which includes soft page-breaks, shall set the text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute to false (or remove it). It should also remove the &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements from the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Producers that compute a paginated layout of a document should provide a facility for the export of soft page breaks for the purposes of consistent page breaks and for conversion to talking book formats ( [DAISY]).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements that appear within table rows, the maximum number of &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements that appear within the single table cells determines the number of page breaks that appear within the table row. The &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements contained in each cell determine the positions where these page breaks appear within the cell content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements appear within text boxes and other content displayed outside the text flow, they do not start a new page, but only indicate where the text-box&#039;s content breaks between two pages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: soft page breaks not supported.</li><li>true: soft page breaks supported.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-spreadsheet-objects</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-spreadsheet-objects attribute specifies whether embedded spreadsheet objects will appear in an object index. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-spreadsheet-objects attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: spreadsheet objects do not appear in an object index.</li><li>true: spreadsheet objects do appear in an object index.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-spreadsheet-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-spreadsheet-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:use-tables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-tables attribute specifies whether tables will appear in a user-defined index. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:use-tables attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: tables will not appear in a user-defined index.</li><li>true: tables will appear in a user-defined index.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-tables attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:use-tables attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:value attribute specifies a value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:label&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:value attribute specifies the text of a &lt;text:label&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:label&gt; 7.4.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:value attribute specifies the current row number for a &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element. The number changes when new data is added to the current document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:value attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:visited-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:visited-style-name attribute specifies a style for a hyperlink that has been visited. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:visited-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:visited-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:volume</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:volume attribute specifies a volume for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:volume attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:volume attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:year</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:year attribute specifies a year for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:year attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:year attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xforms:bind</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xforms:bind attribute specifies the binding of an OpenDocument control to an XForm form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With OpenDocument form buttons, the bind attribute refers to a form:xform-submission 19.319 attribute with the given ID. Pushing the button causes the appropriate XForms submission action to be performed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: OpenDocument form button controls are: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, and, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With OpenDocument form non-button controls, the xforms:bind attribute refers to an &lt;xforms:bind&gt; element with the given ID. Any such bound control reads and writes its data as determined by the appropriate bind element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: OpenDocument form non-button controls are: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:item&gt; 13.5.12, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4,&lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9, and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xforms:bind attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xforms:bind attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xhtml:about</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:about attribute specifies the subject of an RDF statement for in-content metadata. Predicates for RDF statements are specified by the xhtml:property attribute. 19.914</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The RDF statement&#039;s object is specified by the xhtml:content 19.912 attribute, if present, or it is</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>the literal content between a pair of &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; and &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; elements that are paired by the values of their text:name attributes. 6.2.1.3, 6.2.1.4</li><li>for elements other than &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; and &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;, the literal content of the element containing an xhtml:about attribute. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:datatype attribute provides the data type of the RDF object. 19.913</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:about attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:about attribute has the data type URIorSafeCURIE 18.3.37.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xhtml:content</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:content attribute specifies an object of an RDF statement for in-content metadata. 19.911.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:content attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:content attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xhtml:datatype</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:datatype attribute specifies the RDF data type (see §5 of [RDF-CONCEPTS]) of the object of an RDF statement. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:datatype attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:datatype attribute has the data type CURIE 18.3.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xhtml:property</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:property attribute specifies a list of one or more CURIEs. Each CURIE is the predicate of an RDF statement for in content-metadata. 19.911.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:property attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xhtml:property attribute has the data type CURIEs 18.3.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xlink:actuate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §5.6.2 of [XLink].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:actuate attribute has the value onRequest for the following elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2, &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27, &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6 and &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:actuate attribute has the value onLoad for the following elements: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3 and &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2, &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27, &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6 and &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8 elements the default value for this attribute is onRequest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3 and &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35 elements the default value for this attribute is onLoad.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:actuate attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27, &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8 and &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xlink:href</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href 19.916 attribute specifies a remote resource. Its data type is anyIRI. See §5.4 of [XLink].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies an audio stream.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute at the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element specifies the document which provides the data for a chart. The following values are supported:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li> &quot;.&quot;(U+002E, FULL STOP): The data is provided by the chart document itself. It is taken from the &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 element inside the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element.</li><li>&quot;..&quot;(U+002E, FULL STOP followed by U+002E, FULL STOP): The data is provided by the document into which the chart is embedded. This is only supported if the chart is embedded into another document.</li><li>A relative IRI: The data is provided by an embedded object referenced by the IRI. This embedded object shall be within the same package as the chart itself.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All cell range addresses that are specified within a chart are relative to the document referenced by the xlink:href attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;chart:chart&gt; element, if the xlink:href attribute is omitted, its value is assumed to be “..” (U+002E, FULL STOP followed by U+002E, FULL STOP).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a file containing an image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; 17.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:component&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a form or report document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies either a database, or database connection data encoded as an IRI.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of a file that defines a database. If a database consists of multiple files of different types which all are required for it to be operational, xlink:href points to one of those files which defines the database as a whole.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:a&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a target location for the hyperlink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the base IRI for an applet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;draw:applet&gt; element the default value for this attribute is an empty string. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a target location for the hyperlink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a target location for the hyperlink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a target location for the hyperlink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a file containing an image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the source of a floating frame.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a file containing an image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:object&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of an embedded object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of an embedded object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the source of a plugin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:button&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> The xlink:href attribute specifies a resource that is loaded if a button is operated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies either a database, or database connection encoded as an IRI. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> The xlink:href attribute specifies a resource that is loaded if a button is operated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;form:form&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the processing agent for a form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the IRI of a replacement document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;meta:template&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of a document template.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies either a document bookmark or an application depending on the action selected by the presentation:action 19.391 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a sound that is played when an effect is executed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies macro code that should be called for an event. The IRI may have any protocol. The interpretation of the IRI is script-language-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies an image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See § 20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See § 20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies an IRI for a document containing a source table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies an IRI of a document containing a source table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the target location of a hyperlink.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of an alphabetical index mark file that contains a list of terms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies an image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:script&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location script source code.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the document or document fragment to which a section is linked. If the IRI contains a fragment identifier, and if the referenced document is an OpenDocument document, the fragment identifier should be interpreted as the name of a section to which a section is linked. A fragment identifier should be ignored if a text:section-name 19.867 attribute is present. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xlink:show</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §5.6.1 of [XLink].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13 element the value for this attribute is replace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35 and &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2 elements the value for this attribute is embed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; 4.3.2.14, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2 and &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8 elements the supported values for this attribute are new or replace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13 element the default value for this attribute is replace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35 and &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2 elements the default value for this attribute is embed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7 the default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:show attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; 4.3.2.14, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35 and &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xlink:title</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:title attribute specifies a title to be associated with a document template.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:title attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xlink:type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §3.2 of [XLink]. This attribute always has the value simple in OpenDocument document instances. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27, &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9 and &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2 elements the default value for this attribute is simple.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xlink:type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27, &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9 and &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>xml:id</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See [XML-ID]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xml:id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12, &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9, &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6, &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The xml:id attribute has the data type ID 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Formatting Attributes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In an OpenDocument Format document, &lt;style:*-properties&gt; elements contain the definitions of formatting that is associated with document structure elements. Formatting definitions are expressed as attributes on the &lt;style:*-properties&gt; elements or as child elements of these elements. This chapter defines formatting properties that are represented by attributes. Formatting properties that are represented by elements are defined in chapter 17. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:angle-offset</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:angle-offset attribute specifies a counter-clockwise rotation of a polar coordinate in a circle, ring or polar chart. The attribute value is an angle. See 18.3.1. The default value is 90deg.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:angle-offset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:angle-offset attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:auto-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:auto-position attribute specifies if an object should be positioned automatically. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value is true if svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581 attributes are not specified. It is false if the svg:x and svg:y attributes are specified. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:auto-position attribute is evaluated for chart styles applied to elements that may have svg:x and svg:y attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:auto-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: svg:x and svg:y attribute values are used to position an object.</li><li>true: svg:x and svg:y attribute values are ignored, and the consumer chooses a position.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:auto-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:auto-position attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:auto-size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:auto-size attribute specifies if the size of an object should be chosen automatically. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value is true if svg:width 19.575 and svg:height 19.543 attributes are not specified. It is false if the svg:width and svg:height attributes are specified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:auto-size attribute is evaluated for chart styles applied to elements that have svg:width and svg:height attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:auto-size attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: svg:width and svg:height attribute values are used to size an object.</li><li>true: svg:width and svg:height attribute values are ignored, and the consumer chooses a size.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:auto-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:auto-size attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:axis-label-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:axis-label-position attribute specifies the position of the axis labels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:axis-label-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>near-axis: labels are placed adjacent to the axis line. On which side of the line the labels are placed depends on the chart:axis-position 20.6 attribute. If the chart:axis-position attribute has the value start or end, the labels are placed outside the coordinate system. Otherwise, the labels are placed adjacent to the axis on the side that belongs to the lower values on the crossing axis.</li><li>near-axis-other-side: labels are placed adjacent to the axis on the opposite side as for near-axis.</li><li>outside-end: labels are placed outside the coordinate region on that side where the crossing axis has its maximum value.</li><li>outside-start: labels are placed outside the coordinate region on that side where the crossing axis has its minimum value.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the chart:axis-label-position attribute is missing but a chart:axis-position attribute is given, the value of the chart:axis-label-position attribute is assumed to be near-axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:axis-label-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:axis-label-position attribute are near-axis, near-axis-other-side, outside-start or outside-end.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:axis-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:axis-position attribute specifies the position of the axis line on the scale of the crossing axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the attribute is set for a y-axis, the position indicates a value on the scale of the first x-axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the attribute is set for an x-axis, the position indicates a value on the scale of the first y-axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:axis-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>end: axis line is placed at the end of the crossing axis.</li><li>start: axis line is placed at the start of the crossing axis.</li><li>a value of type double: axis line is placed at the given value on the crossing axis. If the crossing axis is an axis displaying categories rather than values, a value of 1 indicates that the axis should be placed at the first category, a value of 2 indicates that the axis should be placed at the second category and so forth.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:axis-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:axis-position attribute are start, end or a value of type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:connect-bars</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:connect-bars attribute specifies if bars in a bar chart that belong to the same series are connected by lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:connect-bars attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: bars belonging to the same series are not connected by lines.</li><li>true: bars belonging to the same series are connected by lines.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:connect-bars attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:connect-bars attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:data-label-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:data-label-number attribute specifies whether the value or the percentage of a data point or both, should be displayed within a data label. By default, neither the value nor a percentage is displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:data-label-number attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none: neither the value nor the percentage should be displayed.</li><li>percentage: only the percentage value should be displayed.</li><li>value: only the value should be displayed within the data label.</li><li>value-and-percentage: both the value and the percentage should be displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:data-style-name 19.473 attribute can be used together with this attribute to indicate which number format should be used to display the value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:percentage-data-style-name 19.511 attribute can be used together with this attribute to indicate which number format should be used to display the percentage value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:data-label-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:data-label-number attribute are none, value, percentage or value-and-percentage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:data-label-series</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:data-label-series attribute determines whether or not to display the series name of the corresponding series in the data label.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:data-label series attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: no series name is displayed on data label.</li><li>true: series name is displayed on data label.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:data-label-series attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:data-label-series attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:data-label-symbol</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:data-label-symbol attribute specifies whether to display a legend symbol within the data label of a data point.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:data-label-symbol attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: a legend symbol is not displayed within the data label of a data point.</li><li>true: a legend symbol is displayed within the data label of a data point.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:data-label-symbol attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:data-label-symbol attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:data-label-text</h2>
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<p>The chart:data-label-text attribute specifies whether to display the category within the data label of a data point.</p>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, a &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:data-label-text attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>false: a category is not displayed within the data label of a data point.</li><li>true: a category is displayed within the data label of a data point.</li></ul>
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<p>The chart:data-label-text attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:data-label-text attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:deep</h2>
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<p>The chart:deep attribute specifies whether data series are displayed behind each other along the z-axis or not. The chart:deep attribute is ignored unless a chart:three-dimensional 20.65 attribute is present and has the value true. </p>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:deep attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>false: data series are not displayed behind each other along the z-axis.</li><li>true: data series are displayed behind each other along the z-axis. The z-axis displays the name of the series.</li></ul>
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<p>The chart:deep attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:deep attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:display-label</h2>
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<p>The chart:display-label attribute specifies whether labels are displayed on an axis or not. </p>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
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<p>Note: The labels controlled by chart:display-label attribute appear on an axis as opposed to being labels for the axis.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:display-label attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>false: labels are not displayed on an axis.</li><li>true: labels are displayed on an axis.</li></ul>
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<p>The chart:display-label attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:display-label attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:error-category</h2>
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<p>The chart:error-category attribute is used to determine which function is used to calculate error indicators at data points. By default, no error indicators are shown. </p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:error-category attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>cell-range: Use values from cell ranges for positive and negative error indicators. The chart:error-lower-range 20.17 and chart:error-upper-range 20.22 attributes determine the cell ranges which contain the values to be used for negative and positive error indicators.</li><li>constant: Use fixed absolute values for both directions: positive and negative The absolute value for a positive direction is given with chart:error-upper-limit attribute. The absolute value for a negative direction is given with chart:error-lower-limit attribute.</li><li>error-margin: Use a fixed percentage of the largest value – this is called error-margin. The percentage value is given within chart:error-margin 20.18 attribute.</li><li>none: No error indicators are shown.</li><li>percentage: Use a fixed percentage of each value The percentage value is given within chart:error-percentage 20.19 attribute.</li><li>standard-deviation: Standard deviation of the values of a series assuming an equal distribution.</li><li>standard-error: Standard error (standard deviation of the mean) of the values of a series.</li><li>variance: Variance of the values of a series assuming an equal distribution.</li></ul>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; 11.17, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-category attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The values of the chart:error-category attribute are none, variance, standard-deviation, percentage, error-margin, constant, standard-error or cell-range.</p>
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<h2>chart:error-lower-indicator</h2>
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<p>The chart:error-lower-indicator attribute specifies whether negative error indicators are displayed (the error value is subtracted from the data point value).</p>
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<p>This attribute should be used together with the chart:error-category 20.14 attribute.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:error-lower-indicator attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>false: negative error indicators are not displayed.</li><li>true: negative error indicators are displayed.</li></ul>
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<p>The chart:error-lower-indicator attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-lower-indicator attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:error-lower-limit</h2>
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<p>The chart:error-lower-limit attribute specifies the absolute value in the negative direction that is used to display error indicators if a chart:error-category 20.14 attribute has the value constant. </p>
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<p>The chart:error-lower-limit attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-lower-limit attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:error-lower-range</h2>
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<p>The chart:error-lower-range attribute specifies the cell range used for negative error indicators when a chart:error-category 20.14 attribute has a value of cell-range. </p>
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<p>The chart:error-lower-range attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-lower-range attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
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<h2>chart:error-margin</h2>
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<p>The chart:error-margin attribute specifies the percentage of the largest value in a series used in the display of error indicators for each data point of a series.</p>
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<p>This attribute should be used together with the chart:error-category 20.14 attribute if it has the value error-margin.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-margin attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-margin attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:error-percentage</h2>
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<p>The chart:error-percentage attribute specifies the percentage that is used in the display of error indicators for each data point of a series.</p>
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<p>This attribute should be used together with a chart:error-category 20.14 attribute if the chart:error-category attribute has the value percentage.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-percentage attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-percentage attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:error-upper-indicator</h2>
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<p>The chart:error-upper-indicator attribute specifies whether positive error indicators should be displayed (the error value is added to the data point value).</p>
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<p>This attribute should be used together with a chart:error-category 20.14 attribute.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:error-upper-indicator attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>false: positive error indicators are not displayed.</li><li>true: positive error indicators are displayed.</li></ul>
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<p>The chart:error-upper-indicator attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-upper-indicator attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:error-upper-limit</h2>
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<p>The chart:error-upper-limit attribute specifies the absolute value in the positive direction that is used to display error indicators if the chart:error-category 20.14 attribute has the value constant. </p>
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<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:error-category attribute.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-upper-limit attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-upper-limit attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:error-upper-range</h2>
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<p>The chart:error-upper-range attribute specifies the cell range used for positive error indicators when the chart:error-category 20.14 attribute has the value cell-range.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-upper-range attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:error-upper-range attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
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<h2>chart:gap-width</h2>
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<p>The chart:gap-width attribute specifies a gap between neighboring groups of bars in a bar chart (that is the distance between the last bar in one category and the first bar in the following category). It is specified as an integer percentage relative to the width of a single bar.</p>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element with chart:dimension 19.18 attribute set to y. </p>
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<p>Note: Bars attached to different axis can be arranged differently as long as they are grouped per axis (chart:group-bars-per-axis 20.24 attribute has the value true).</p>
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<p>The chart:gap-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:gap-width attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:group-bars-per-axis</h2>
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<p>The chart:group-bars-per-axis attribute specifies whether bars in a bar chart are displayed side by side or behind each other when they are attached to different y-axes. </p>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:group-bars-per-axis attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>false: all bars on the same x-axis are handled as one group and are displayed side by side.</li><li>true: only bars attached to the same x- and y-axis are handled as one group.</li></ul>
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<p>The chart:group-bars-per-axis attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:group-bars-per-axis attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:hole-size</h2>
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<p>The chart:hole-size attribute specifies the diameter of the inner hole of a ring chart as a percentage of the outer diameter of the outermost ring.</p>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
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<p>The chart:hole-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:hole-size attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
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<h2>chart:include-hidden-cells</h2>
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<p>The chart:include-hidden-cells attribute specifies whether data points in hidden cells are plotted in a chart. The default is to plot data points in hidden cells.</p>
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<p>This attribute can be used in styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:include-hidden-cells attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li>false: data points in hidden cells are not plotted in a chart.</li><li>true: data points in hidden cells are plotted in a chart.</li></ul>
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<p>The chart:include-hidden-cells attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<p>The chart:include-hidden-cells attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:interpolation</h2>
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<p> The chart:interpolation attribute specifies interpolations for line and scatter charts.</p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:interpolation attribute are:</p>
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<ul><li><p>b-spline – B-Splines. If the chart:spline-resolution 20.58 attribute has value 1 this is identical to the chart:interpolation attribute value none. If the chart:spline-resolution attribute has value <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo stretchy="false">&gt;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">k &gt; 1</annotation></semantics></math>and the chart:spline-order 20.57 attribute has value <em>p</em> then given a sequence of data points, a B-spline interpolation with polynomials of degree <em>p</em> is constructed as described here. First. we omit any consecutive repeated data points obtaining <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math>where for all <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mn>1,</mn></mrow><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mi>n</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">i = 1,dotslow,n</annotation></semantics></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">≠</mo><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i-1} ,y_{i-1} )&lt;&gt;(x_i ,y_i )</annotation></semantics></math>.</p><ul></ul><p>and connecting these points with straight line segments.</p></li><li><p>cubic-spline – Cubic Splines. If the chart:spline-resolution attribute has value 1 this is identical to the chart:interpolation attribute value none. If the chart:spline-resolution attribute has value <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo stretchy="false">&gt;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">k &gt; 1</annotation></semantics></math>then given a sequence of data points,<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math>a cubic spline interpolation is constructed as described here: </p><p>Find the unique cubic polynomials <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>f</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>f</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>f</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">f_1 ,f_2 ,dotslow, f_n</annotation></semantics></math><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">g_1 ,g_2 ,dotslow, g_n</annotation></semantics></math> and such that:</p><ul></ul><p>With these cubic polynomials we define the splines (piecewise polynomial functions)<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>f</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mtext>for</mtext><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">≤</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">≤</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">F(t) = f_i (t) "for" (i-1)&lt;=t&lt;=i</annotation></semantics></math>and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>G</mi><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mtext>for</mtext><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">≤</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">≤</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">G(t) = g_i (t) "for" (i-1)&lt;=t&lt;=i</annotation></semantics></math>. (In view of the first and fourth conditions above this yields well defined functions <em>F</em> and <em>G</em>.) The interpolation line is then obtained by connecting consecutive points in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mn>1</mn></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mn>1</mn></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mn>2</mn></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mn>2</mn></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">
left(F(0),G(0)right),left(F left(size 10 1 over {size 10 k}right),G
left(size 10 1 over {size 10 k}right)right), left(F left(size 10 2 over
{size 10 k}right),G left(size 10 2 over {size 10 k}right)right),
dotslow, left(F left({size 10 {n cdot k - 1}} over {size 10 k}right),G
left({size 10 {n cdot k - 1}} over {size 10 k}right)right), left(F
left(size 10 {n cdot k} over {size 10 k}right),G left(size 10 {n cdot k}
over {size 10 k}right)right)</annotation></semantics></math> using straight line segments.</p></li><li>none - Straight lines. Consecutive data points are connected by straight line segments. </li><li>step-center-x – Step function with a single step in the horizontal center between consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data points,<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math> then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),left({x_{i}+x_{i+1}}over 2 ,y_{i} right),left({x_{i}+x_{i+1}}over 2 ,y_{i+1} right),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> using straight line segments.</li><li> step-center-y – Step function with steps to the mean of consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data points,<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math> then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),left(x_i,{y_{i}+y_{i+1}}over 2 right),left(x_{i+1},{y_{i}+y_{i+1}}over 2 right),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> using straight line segments.</li><li> step-start – Step function with a single step at the beginning of each interval between consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data points,<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math> then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i} ,y_{i+1}),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> using straight line segments.</li><li> step-end – Step function with a single step at the end of each interval between consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data points,<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math> then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i}),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> using straight line segments.</li></ul>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 or &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:interpolation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:interpolation attribute are none, cubic-spline, b-spline, step-start, step-end, step-center-x or step-center-y.</p>
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<h2>chart:interval-major</h2>
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<p>The chart:interval-major attribute specifies major intervals on an axis 11.9.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element. </p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:interval-major attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:interval-major attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:interval-minor-divisor</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:interval-minor-divisor attribute specifies a divisor for the chart:interval-major 20.28 value, the division of which determines the minor interval.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element. </p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:interval-minor-divisor attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:interval-minor-divisor attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
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<h2>chart:japanese-candle-stick</h2>
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<p>The chart:japanese-candle-stick attribute specifies the display of opening and closing values in a stock chart. </p>
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<p>The defined values for the chart:japanese-candle-stick attribute are:</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: opening and closing values are displayed as left and right tick-lines</li><li>true: opening and closing values are displayed as colored bars, where the color of the bar depends on whether the opening value is larger than the closing value</li></ul>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:japanese-candle-stick attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:japanese-candle-stick attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
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<h2>chart:label-arrangement</h2>
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<p>The chart:label-arrangement attribute specifies the arrangement of labels on an axis.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:label-arrangement attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>side-by-side: Labels are not staggered, they are aligned on one line.</li><li>stagger-even: Even labels are aligned on the same line as used for side by side arrangement. Counting starts with one, so the first label is odd. </li><li>stagger-odd: All odd labels are aligned on the line used for side by side arrangement. Counting starts with one, so the first label is odd.</li></ul>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:label-arrangement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:label-arrangement attribute are side-by-side, stagger-even or stagger-odd.</p>
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<h2>chart:label-position</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:label-position attribute specifies where data labels are placed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:label-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>avoid-overlap: an algorithm should be used that tries to place the labels without overlapping each other.</li><li>bottom: the data label is placed below the data point.</li><li>bottom-left: the data label is placed to the bottom left of the data point.</li><li>bottom-right: the data label is placed to the bottom right of the data point.</li><li>center: the data label is centered on the data point.</li><li>inside: the data label is placed inside the data point (Pie charts, the label is paced inside the piece on the bisecting line aligned to the outer radius. Bar charts, the label is inside the bar aligned to that end that is given by the data points value. Polar charts, the label is placed on that side of the data point that points to the polar chart&#039;s center ).</li><li>left: the data label is placed left of the data point.</li><li>near-origin: the data label is placed inside the data point on that side that is near to the origin - where the origin is the beginning of the bar in a bar chart or the baseline in an area chart ( for bar charts the label is placed inside the bar like with value inside but aligned to the opposite end of the bar ).</li><li>outside: the data label is placed outside the data point (Pie charts, the label is placed outside the circle aligned to the outer radius. Bar charts, the label is outside the bar aligned to that end that is given by the data points value. Polar charts, the label is placed on that side of the data point that points away from the polar charts center).</li><li>right: the data label is placed right of the data point.</li><li>top: the data label is placed on top of the data point.</li><li>top-left: the data label is placed to the top left of the data point.</li><li>top-right: the data label is placed to the top right of the data point.</li></ul>
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<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:label-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:label-position attribute are avoid-overlap, center, top, top-right, right, bottom-right, bottom, bottom-left, left, top-left, inside, outside or near-origin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:label-position-negative</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the chart:label-position-negative attribute is set in addition to a chart:label-position 20.32 attribute, it is used for all labels that belong to data points with negative values. Otherwise, the position set in a chart:label-position attribute is used for positive and negative values. If a chart:label-position-negative attribute is used without a chart:label-position attribute it is ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:label-position-negative attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>avoid-overlap: an algorithm should be used that tries to place the labels without overlapping each other.</li><li>bottom: the data label is placed below the data point.</li><li>bottom-left: the data label is placed to the bottom left of the data point.</li><li>bottom-right: the data label is placed to the bottom right of the data point.</li><li>center: the data label is centered on the data point.</li><li>inside: the data label is placed inside the data point ( for pie charts the label is placed inside the piece on the bisecting line aligned to the outer radius, for bar charts the label is inside the bar aligned to that end that is given by the data points value, for polar charts the label is placed on that side of the data point that points to the polar charts center ).</li><li>left: the data label is placed left of the data point.</li><li>near-origin: the data label is placed inside the data point on that side that is near to the origin - where the origin is the beginning of the bar in a bar chart or the base line in an area chart ( for bar charts the label is placed inside the bar like with value inside but aligned to the opposite end of the bar ).</li><li>outside: the data label is placed outside the data point ( for pie charts the label is placed outside the circle aligned to the outer radius, for bar charts the label is outside the bar aligned to that end that is given by the data points value, for polar charts the label is placed on that side of the data point that points away from the polar charts center ).</li><li>right: the data label is placed right of the data point.</li><li>top: the data label is placed on top of the data point.</li><li>top-left: the data label is placed to the top left of the data point.</li><li>top-right: the data label is placed to the top right of the data point.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:label-position-negative attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:label-position-negative attribute are avoid-overlap, center, top, top-right, right, bottom-right, bottom, bottom-left, left, top-left, inside, outside or near-origin.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:lines (deprecated)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:lines attribute specifies whether connecting lines between data points are shown. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The display of lines can be specified by the draw:stroke 20.167 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:lines attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: connecting lines between data points are not shown.</li><li>true: connecting lines between data points are shown.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:lines attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:link-data-style-to-source</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:link-data-style-to-source attribute can only be used in chart documents that are part of a document that provides the data for the chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:link-data-style-to-source attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: number format used for rendering axis labels is defined by the style:data-style-name 19.473 attribute.</li><li>true: number format used for rendering the axis labels is inherited from the document providing the data. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:link-data-style-to-source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:link-data-style-to-source attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:logarithmic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:logarithmic attribute specifies whether logarithmic scaling will be used on an axis. By default, proportional scaling is used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:logarithmic attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: proportional scaling is used.</li><li>true: logarithmic scaling is used.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:logarithmic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:logarithmic attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:maximum</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:maximum attribute specifies the maximum value of an axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:maximum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:maximum attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:mean-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:mean-value attribute specifies whether to display a line that represents the statistical mean value of all data points of a series.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element or a &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:mean-value attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: line representing the statistical mean of all the data points in a series is not displayed.</li><li>true: line representing the statistical mean of all the data points in a series is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:mean-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:mean-value attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:minimum</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:minimum attribute specifies the minimum value of an axis. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:minimum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:minimum attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:origin</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:origin attribute defines the origin of the graphical representation of a data series attached to an axis. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: For example, the beginning of the bars in a bar chart or the base line in an area chart can be set by the chart:origin attribute in the style of the y-axis to which the data series is attached. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the first x-axis has a chart:axis-position 20.6 attribute, that position is taken to indicate the origin of the data points attached to the first y-axis. It overrides the chart:origin attribute of the first y-axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:origin attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:origin attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:overlap</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:overlap attribute specifies how much bars within the same category in a bar chart overlap. The attribute value is an integer that is interpreted as a percentage relative to the width of a single bar. Negative values specify gaps between bars. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element when a chart:dimension 19.18 attribute set to y.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This allows bars to be attached to different axis arranged differently as long as they are grouped per axis (chart:group-bars-per-axis 20.24 attribute is true).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:overlap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:overlap attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:pie-offset</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:pie-offset attribute specifies the distance of a segment from the center of the circle in case of circle charts. The offset is given as an integer which is interpreted as a percentage of the radius of the circle. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the case of ring charts the chart:pie-offset attribute specifies an additional distance of a segment from the center of the circle. The distance is given as a percentage of the thickness of the ring. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 or &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:pie-offset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:pie-offset attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:percentage</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:percentage attribute specifies a percentage accumulation of values per category.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:percentage attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the attribute has no effect </li><li>true: values should be accumulated by category. The sum of the values per category is treated as 100 percent and the y-axis displays according to percentages. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:percentage attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:percentage attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:regression-force-intercept</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-force-intercept attribute specifies whether a regression curve of type linear, exponential or polynomial intercepts the y-axis at a certain value. The defined values for the chart:regression-force-intercept attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>true: The regression curve intercepts the y‑axis at the value which is defined by the chart:regression-intercept-value 20.45 attribute.</li><li>false: The interception of regression-curve and y-axis is calculated from the data series.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is only evaluated together with the attribute chart:regression-type 20.50 and if that has one of the following values: linear, exponential or polynomial.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-force-intercept attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-force-intercept attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:regression-intercept-value</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-intercept-value attribute specifies where a regression curve intercepts the y-axis if attribute chart:regression-force-intercept 20.44 is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is only evaluated together with the chart:regression-force-intercept attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0 in case of regression type linear or polynomial, and the default value is 1 in case of regression type exponential. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-intercept-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-intercept-value attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:regression-max-degree</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-max-degree attribute specifies the maximum degree of a polynomial regression curve. This attribute is only evaluated together with the attribute chart:regression-type 20.50 and if that has the value polynomial. The value of the chart:regression-max-degree attribute is greater than or equal to 2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is 2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-max-degree attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-max-degree attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:regression-moving-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><ul></ul></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>prior, </li><li>central, </li><li>averaged-abscissa.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Let <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>D</mi>
    <mi>j</mi>
   </msub>
   <mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mrow>
      <msub>
       <mi>x</mi>
       <mi>j</mi>
      </msub>
      <mo stretchy="false">|</mo>
      <msub>
       <mi>y</mi>
       <mi>j</mi>
      </msub>
     </mrow>
    </mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">D_j left(x_j mline y_j right)</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math> with <em>j</em>=1 to <em>N</em> denote the points of the data series in the order they occur in the data series, where <em>N</em> is the total number of data points for that series. Let <em>k</em> denote the value of the chart:regression-period attribute. Let <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mi>s</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">P_i left(r_i mline s_i right)</annotation></semantics></math> with <em>i</em>=1 to <em>N</em>-<em>k</em>+1 denote the points of the regression curve of type moving-average. This regression curve is piecewise linear and continuous through the points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>P</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
   </msub>
   <mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mrow>
      <msub>
       <mi>r</mi>
       <mi>i</mi>
      </msub>
      <mo stretchy="false">|</mo>
      <msub>
       <mi>s</mi>
       <mi>i</mi>
      </msub>
     </mrow>
    </mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">P_i left(r_i mline s_i right)</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math> while being linear between <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>P</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
   </msub>
   <mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mrow>
      <msub>
       <mi>r</mi>
       <mi>i</mi>
      </msub>
      <mo stretchy="false">|</mo>
      <msub>
       <mi>s</mi>
       <mi>i</mi>
      </msub>
     </mrow>
    </mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">P_i left(r_i mline s_i right)</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math>and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>r</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">P_{i+1} left(r_{i+1} mline s_{i+1} right)</annotation></semantics></math> for any <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">⩽</mo><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">⩽</mo><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">1 leslant i leslant N-k  </annotation></semantics></math>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The ordinates <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <msub>
   <mi>s</mi>
   <mi>i</mi>
  </msub>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">s_i</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math> are calculated as <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>s</mi>
     <mi>i</mi>
    </msub>
    <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
    <mstyle mathsize="80%">
     <mfrac>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mi>k</mi>
     </mfrac>
    </mstyle>
   </mrow>
   <mrow>
    <munderover>
     <mo stretchy="false">∑</mo>
     <mrow>
      <mi>z</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
      <mi>i</mi>
     </mrow>
     <mrow>
      <mi>i</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">+</mo>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">−</mo>
      <mn>1</mn>
     </mrow>
    </munderover>
    <msub>
     <mi>y</mi>
     <mi>z</mi>
    </msub>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">s_i = size*0.8{1 over k} sum from {z=i} to {i+k-1} {y_z}</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Calculation of the associated abscissas <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <msub>
   <mi>r</mi>
   <mi>i</mi>
  </msub>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">r_i</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math> depends on the value of the chart:regression-moving-type attribute. In case it has the value</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>prior: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>r</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
   <msub>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mrow>
     <mi>i</mi>
     <mo stretchy="false">+</mo>
     <mi>k</mi>
     <mo stretchy="false">−</mo>
     <mn>1</mn>
    </mrow>
   </msub>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">r_i = x_{i+k-1}</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math></li><li>central: In case of even value <em>k</em> it is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>r</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
   <msub>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mrow>
     <mrow>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">/</mo>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </mrow>
     <mo stretchy="false">+</mo>
     <mi>i</mi>
    </mrow>
   </msub>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">r_i= x_{k/2 + i}</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math> in case of odd value <em>k</em> it is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>r</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
   <msub>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mrow>
     <mrow>
      <mrow>
       <mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo>
       <mrow>
        <mrow>
         <mi>k</mi>
         <mo stretchy="false">−</mo>
         <mn>1</mn>
        </mrow>
       </mrow>
       <mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo>
      </mrow>
      <mo stretchy="false">/</mo>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </mrow>
     <mo stretchy="false">+</mo>
     <mi>i</mi>
    </mrow>
   </msub>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">r_i = x_{(k-1)/2+i}</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math></li><li>averaged-abscissa: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>r</mi>
     <mi>i</mi>
    </msub>
    <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
    <mstyle mathsize="80%">
     <mfrac>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mi>k</mi>
     </mfrac>
    </mstyle>
   </mrow>
   <mrow>
    <munderover>
     <mo stretchy="false">∑</mo>
     <mrow>
      <mi>z</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
      <mi>i</mi>
     </mrow>
     <mrow>
      <mi>i</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">+</mo>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">−</mo>
      <mn>1</mn>
     </mrow>
    </munderover>
    <msub>
     <mi>x</mi>
     <mi>z</mi>
    </msub>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">r_i = size*0.8{1 over k} sum from {z=i} to {i+k-1}{x_z}</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><ul><li><ul></ul></li></ul>The default value for this attribute is prior.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-moving-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:regression-moving-type attribute are prior, central or averaged-abscissa.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:regression-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-name attribute specifies the name of a regression curve.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is the empty string.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:regression-period</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li><ul></ul></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The minimum value for this attribute is 2, the default value for this attribute is 2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-period attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-period attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:regression-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-type attribute specifies the regression function for a series. A regression function can be used to approximate the data points in a series. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:regression-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>exponential – Exponential regression – approximate the values of the series using the model: <em>y = A·e</em>B·x.</li><li>linear – Linear regression – approximate the values of the series using the model: <em>y = A·x + B</em>.</li><li>logarithmic – Logarithmic regression – approximate the values of the series using the model: <em>y = A·ln(x) + B</em>.</li><li>moving-average – Moving average – each point on the regression curve is calculated from a set of <em>k</em> data points of the series, where <em>k</em> is given by attribute chart:regression-period 20.49 and the calculation method is chosen according to attribute chart:regression-moving-type 20.47.</li><li>none – no regression curve will be displayed (default value)</li><li>polynomial – Polynomial regression – approximate the values of the series using the model <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mrow><msub><mi>A</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>A</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>A</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mrow><mn>...</mn><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>A</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">y = A_0 + A_1 x+A_2 x^2 ... + A_n x^n</annotation></semantics></math> where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mi>n</mi><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">n</annotation></semantics></math> is given by the chart:regression-max-degree 20.46 attribute. </li><li>power – Regression with a power function – approximate the values of the series using the model: <em>y = A·x</em>B.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; 11.18, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:regression-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:regression-type attribute are none, linear, logarithmic, moving-average, exponential, power or polynomial.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:reverse-direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:reverse-direction attribute specifies whether the direction of an axis follows the Cartesian coordinate system or the reverse. False is the default.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In a Cartesian coordinate system the x-axis points from left to right and the y-axis points from bottom to top. 3D Cartesian coordinate systems are left-handed and polar coordinate systems are counter-clockwise. If x and y axes are swapped as in horizontal bar charts (when attribute chart:vertical 20.72 value is true), the unswapped coordinate system follows the Cartesian coordinate system and is left-handed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:reverse-direction attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: direction of axis follows the Cartesian coordinate system.</li><li>true: direction of axis follows the reverse of the Cartesian coordinate system.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:reverse-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:reverse-direction attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:right-angled-axes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:right-angled-axes attribute specifies a modification of the projection of a 3D chart. In a Cartesian coordinate system, the projections of x and y-axis are horizontal and vertical.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element. The chart:right-angled-axes attribute is ignored unless a chart:three-dimensional 20.65 attribute is present and has the value true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:right-angled-axes attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the attribute has no effect.</li><li>true: a 3D chart is sheared instead of rotated. For Cartesian coordinate systems, the x- and y-axis do form a right angle in the 2D-projection.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:right-angled-axes attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:right-angled-axes attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:scale-text</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:scale-text attribute specifies that the text contained in an object should be scaled whenever the size of the chart changes. This attribute can appear at all chart objects that contain text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:scale-text attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text contained in an object should not be scaled when the size of its containing chart changes.</li><li>true: text contained in an object should be scaled when the size of its containing chart changes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:scale-text attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:scale-text attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:series-source (deprecated)</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:series-source attribute specifies whether a tabular data for a chart contains all the data series in columns or rows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The tabular data can be given by the table:cell-range-address attribute at the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element or by the &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 element inside the &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When data is assigned more specifically to a chart element, with a values-cell-range-address attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element, the more specific data assignment has priority.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:series-source attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:series-source attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>columns: tabular data for a chart contains all the data series in columns.</li><li>rows: tabular data for a chart contains all the data series in rows.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:series-source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:series-source attribute are columns or rows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:sort-by-x-values</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:sort-by-x-values attribute specifies whether the data points of a data series should be displayed in ascending order of the x values, or in the order they are contained in the underlying data. It is evaluated for styles that are assigned to the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element. The chart:sort-by-x-values attribute is used for chart types with data series that contain x-values (for example scatter charts, 19.15).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:sort-by-x-values attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: data points of a data series should be displayed in the order they are contained in the underlying data.</li><li>true: data points of a data series should be displayed in ascending order of the x values.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:sort-by-x-values attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:sort-by-x-values attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:solid-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:solid-type attribute specifies the rendering of bars in three-dimensional bar charts. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:solid-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>cone – bars have the shape of cones</li><li>cuboid – bars have the shape of cuboids</li><li>cylinder – bars have the shape of cylinders</li><li>pyramid – bars have the shape of pyramids</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:solid-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:solid-type attribute are cuboid, cylinder, cone or pyramid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:spline-order</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:spline-order attribute specifies the degree of the polynomials used as part of the spline.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:interpolation 20.27 attribute when it has the value b-spline.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:spline-order attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:spline-order attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:spline-resolution</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:spline-resolution attribute specifies the number of straight line segments used between any two data points.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:interpolation 20.27 attribute when it has a value other than none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:spline-resolution attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:spline-resolution attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:stacked</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:stacked attribute specifies the accumulation of the series values per category. Each value is in addition to the other values in the same category. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:stacked attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: series values should not be accumulated by category.</li><li>true: series values should be accumulated by category. Bars in bar charts are stacked on top of each other.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:stacked attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:stacked attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:symbol-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:symbol-height attribute specifies the height of a symbol to be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute when the chart:symbol-type attribute has a value other than none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:symbol-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:symbol-height attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:symbol-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:symbol-name attribute specifies a symbol to be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The glyphs associated with the values of the chart:symbol-name attribute are implementation-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute should be used only together with chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute and only when the chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute has the value named-symbol.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:symbol-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:symbol-name attribute are square, diamond, arrow-down, arrow-up, arrow-right, arrow-left, bow-tie, hourglass, circle, star, x, plus, asterisk, horizontal-bar or vertical-bar.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:symbol-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:symbol-type attribute specifies if a symbol is used for a data point in a chart, and if so, which type of symbol is to be used.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:symbol-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>automatic: the consumer chooses from the list of available named symbols (see chart:symbol-name 20.61 attribute), choose a different symbol per series in round-robin fashion,in this order: square, diamond, arrow-down, arrow-up, arrow-right, arrow-left, bow-tie, hourglass, circle, star, x, plus, asterisk, horizontal-bar, vertical-bar.</li><li>named-symbol: a symbol specified within chart:symbol-name attribute should be used.</li><li>none: no symbol should be used.</li><li>image: an image defined by a &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; 17.23 element is used as symbol. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:symbol-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:symbol-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:symbol-width attribute specifies the width of a symbol to be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute when the chart:symbol-type attribute has a value other than none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:symbol-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:symbol-width attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:text-overlap</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:text-overlap attribute specifies whether axis labels may overlap each other.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 20.62 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:text-overlap attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: axis labels shall not overlap each other.</li><li>true: axis labels may overlap each other.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:text-overlap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:text-overlap attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:three-dimensional</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:three-dimensional attribute specifies whether a chart is displayed as a 3D scene.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:three-dimensional attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: chart should not be displayed as a 3D scene.</li><li>true: chart should be displayed as a 3D scene.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:three-dimensional attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:three-dimensional attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:tick-marks-major-inner</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-inner attribute specifies the existence of major inner tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with respect to the major interval that may be specified by the chart:interval-major 20.28 attribute, and are drawn towards the inside of the plot area. That is, they are drawn to the right for an axis displayed on the left hand side of the plot area, and to the left for an axis displayed on the right hand side of the plot area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a chart:tick-marks-major-inner attribute and a chart:tick-marks-major-outer 20.67 attribute are both set to true, one tick mark is drawn that crosses the axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 20.28 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:tick-marks-major-inner attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: major inner tick marks should not appear on an axis.</li><li>true: major inner tick marks should appear on an axis.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-inner attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-inner attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:tick-marks-major-outer</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-outer attribute specifies the existence of major outer tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with respect to the major interval that may be specified by the chart:interval-major 20.28 attribute, and are drawn towards the outside of the plot area. That is, they are drawn to the left for an axis displayed on the left hand side of the plot area, and to the right for an axis displayed on the right hand side of the plot area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a chart:tick-marks-major-inner 20.66 attribute and a chart:tick-marks-major-outer attribute are both set to true, one tick mark is drawn that crosses the axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:tick-marks-major-outer attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: major outer tick marks should not appear on an axis.</li><li>true: major outer tick marks should appear on an axis.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-outer attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-outer attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:tick-marks-minor-inner</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-inner attribute specifies the existence of minor inner tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with respect to the minor interval divisor that may be specified by the chart:interval-minor-divisor 20.29 attribute, and are drawn towards the inside of the plot area. That is, they are drawn to the right for an axis displayed on the left hand side of the plot area, and to the left for an axis displayed on the right hand side of the plot area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a chart:tick-marks-minor-inner attribute and a chart:tick-marks-minor-outer 20.69 attribute are both set to true, one tick mark is drawn that crosses the axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:tick-marks-minor-inner attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: minor inner tick marks should not appear on an axis.</li><li>true: minor inner tick marks should appear on an axis.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-inner attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-inner attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:tick-marks-minor-outer</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-outer attribute specifies the existence of minor outer tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with respect to the minor interval divisor that may be specified by the chart:interval-minor-divisor 20.29 attribute, and are drawn towards the outside of the plot area. That is, they are drawn to the left for an axis displayed on the left hand side of the plot area, and to the right for an axis displayed on the right hand side of the plot area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a chart:tick-marks-minor-inner 20.68 attribute and a chart:tick-marks-minor-outer attribute are set to true, one tick mark is drawn that crosses the axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:tick-marks-minor-outer attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: minor outer tick marks should not appear on an axis.</li><li>true: minor outer tick marks should appear on an axis.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-outer attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-outer attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:tick-mark-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-mark-position attribute specifies the position of the interval marks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:tick-mark-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>at-labels: interval marks are placed adjacent to axis labels.</li><li>at-axis: interval marks are placed at the axis line.</li><li>at-labels-and-axis: interval marks are placed at axis labels and at the axis line.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute makes a difference only if the labels are not placed at the axis line, that is, if the chart:axis-label-position 20.5 attribute has the value outside-end or outside-start. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the chart:tick-mark-position attribute is missing but a chart:axis-position attribute is given, chart:tick-mark-position is assumed to be at-labels-and-axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:tick-mark-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:tick-mark-position attribute are at-labels, at-axis or at-labels-and-axis.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:treat-empty-cells</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:treat-empty-cells attribute specifies how missing and invalid values are plotted in a chart. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:treat-empty-cells attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>ignore: nothing is plotted for a point with missing values and the plot continues.</li><li>leave-gap: nothing is plotted for a point with missing values and a continuous plot stops and restarts at the next valid point.</li><li>use-zero: missing values are replaced with zero.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default behavior is ignore for scatter charts (chart:class 19.15 is chart:scatter). For all other chart types the default behavior is leave-gap. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:treat-empty-cells attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the chart:treat-empty-cells attribute are use-zero, leave-gap or ignore.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:vertical</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:vertical attribute specifies whether the x-axis in a Cartesian coordinate system is oriented horizontally or vertically. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This attribute is used to distinguish bar (chart:vertical=”true”) and column (chart:vertical=”false”) charts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:vertical attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: horizontal x-axis, vertical y-axis.</li><li>true: vertical x-axis, horizontal y-axis.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:vertical attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>chart:visible</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:visible attribute specifies if an object in a chart is visible or not. By default, objects are visible. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element or a &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the chart:visible attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: object is not visible in chart.</li><li>true: object is visible in chart.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:visible attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The chart:visible attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:ambient-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See: 19.92</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:back-scale</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:back-scale attribute specifies the proportion of the background geometry for 3D rotation and extrude objects.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:back-scale attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:back-scale attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:backface-culling</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:backface-culling attribute specifies whether backface culling is enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:backface-culling attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>disabled: backface culling is not enabled.</li><li>enabled: backface culling is enabled.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:backface-culling attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:backface-culling attribute are enabled or disabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:close-back</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:close-back attribute specifies if a back face is generated. The attribute can be used with 3D extrude and 3D rotation objects. It is only evaluated for geometries that are closed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:close-back attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: a back face should not be generated.</li><li>true: a back face should be generated.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:close-back attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:close-back attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:close-front</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:close-front attribute specifies if a front face is generated. The attribute can be used with 3D extrude and 3D rotation objects. It is only evaluated for geometries that are closed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:close-front attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: a front face should not be generated.</li><li>true: a front face should be generated.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:close-front attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:close-front attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:depth</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:depth attribute specifies an extrusion depth for extruded objects.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:depth attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:depth attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:diffuse-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute, along with dr3d:ambient-color 20.7420.74, dr3d:emissive-color 20.83, and dr3d:specular-color 20.91 specifies the four colors that define the color of a material.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:edge-rounding</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:edge-rounding attribute specifies the size of an area at the edges of a geometry that is used for rounding edges, if the geometry of a 3D object is generated during run-time. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:edge-rounding attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:edge-rounding attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:edge-rounding-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:edge-rounding-mode attribute specifies how to generate rounded edges.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Creating rounded edges in a 3D environment requires an inner and outer representation of the outline on which rounded edges will appear. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:edge-rounding-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>attractive: the edge begins at the inner plane by moving points in the direction of combined perpendicular vectors of both neighboring vectors. </li><li>correct: the inner face is linearly scaled smaller relative to its center and the original polygon is used for the outer face.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:edge-rounding-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:edge-rounding-mode attribute are correct or attractive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:emissive-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:emissive-color attribute, along with dr3d:ambient-color 20.74, dr3d:diffuse-color 20.80, and dr3d:specular-color 20.91 specifies the four colors that define the color of a material.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:emissive-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:emissive-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:end-angle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:end-angle attribute specifies the rotation angle for 3D rotation objects. The attribute value is an angle. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A value of 360 degrees defines that the 3D rotation object is closed and completely rotated. This is also the default. Values smaller than 360 degrees define opened 3D rotation objects (segments). Values larger than 360 degrees define 3D rotation objects with more than one rotation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The visible effect of values larger than 360 degrees only differs from that of 360 degrees when the dr3d:back-scale 20.75 attribute has a value different than 100% .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:end-angle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:end-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:horizontal-segments</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:horizontal-segments attribute specifies the number of horizontal segments that are used to generate a geometry, if the geometry of a 3D object is generated during run-time. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Typical consumers support values between 2 and 256.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:horizontal-segments attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:horizontal-segments attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:lighting-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute specifies whether lighting is used for a three-dimensional object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:lighting-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>double-sided: the front and back sides of all planes are displayed if they are visible from the viewer&#039;s perspective.</li><li>standard: Depending on the value of the dr3d:normals-direction 20.87 attribute, only the front or only the back side sides of the plane are displayed. The opposite sides are not displayed, whether they are visible from the viewer&#039;s perspective or not. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The dr3d:lighting-mode 19.99 attribute is also defined for non-3D object uses. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:lighting-mode attribute are standard or double-sided.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:normals-direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:normals-direction attribute specifies which sides of a 3D object&#039;s planes are displayed if the dr3d:lighting-mode attribute has the value &#039;standard&#039;. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:normals-direction attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>inverse: only the back sides of planes are displayed.</li><li>normal: only the front sides of planes are displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The front side of the plane is the one the normal points away from. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:normals-direction attribute has no effect if the dr3d:lighting-mode 20.86 attribute has the value double-sided.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:normals-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:normals-direction attribute are normal or inverse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:normals-kind</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:normals-kind attribute specifies the normal settings for generated lighting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:normals-kind attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>flat: one normal per flat part.</li><li>object: apply object-specific normals.</li><li>sphere: normals behave as the object is a sphere.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:normals-kind attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:normals-kind attribute are object, flat or sphere.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:shadow</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:shadow attribute enables or disables a three-dimensional shadow for a three-dimensional object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:shadow attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>hidden: three-dimensional shadow should not be shown for a three-dimensional object.</li><li>visible: three-dimensional shadow should be shown for a three-dimensional object.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:shadow attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:shadow attribute are visible or hidden.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:shininess</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:shininess attribute specifies the shine of a material.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:shininess attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:shininess attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:specular-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:specular-color attribute, along with dr3d:ambient-color 20.74, dr3d:diffuse-color 20.80, and dr3d:emissive-color 20.80 specifies the four colors that define the color of a material.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:specular-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:specular-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:texture-filter</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:texture-filter attribute specifies whether texture filtering is enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:texture-filter attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>disabled: texture filtering should not be enabled.</li><li>enabled: texture filtering should be enabled.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:texture-filter attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:texture-filter attribute are enabled or disabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:texture-kind</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:texture-kind attribute specifies if texture changes the luminance, intensity, or color of a shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:texture-kind attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>color: color of a shape.</li><li>intensity: intensity of a shape.</li><li>luminance: luminance of a shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:texture-kind attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:texture-kind attribute are luminance, intensity or color.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:texture-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:texture-mode attribute specifies how the texture is modulated. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:texture-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>blend: blends the texture blend color with the object color.</li><li>modulate: modulates the object color with the texture color.</li><li>replace: replaces the object color with the texture color.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:texture-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:texture-mode attribute are replace, modulate or blend.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x attribute, along with the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y 20.96 attribute, specifies how textual coordinates are generated. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>object: This value specifies that the standard object projection method is used.</li><li>parallel: This value specifies a flat parallel projection in the specified degree of freedom (X or Y).</li><li>sphere: This value forces projection to wrapping in X and/or Y direction.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x attribute are object, parallel or sphere.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y attribute, along with the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x 20.95 attribute, specifies how textual coordinates are generated. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>object: This value specifies that the standard object projection method is used.</li><li>parallel: This value specifies a flat parallel projection in the specified degree of freedom (X or Y).</li><li>sphere: This value forces projection to wrapping in X and/or Y direction.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y attribute are object, parallel or sphere.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>dr3d:vertical-segments</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:vertical-segments attribute specifies the number of vertical segments that are used to generate the geometry, if the geometry of a 3D object is generated during run-time. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Typical consumers support values between 2 and 256.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:vertical-segments attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The dr3d:vertical-segments attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:auto-grow-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:auto-grow-height attributes specifies whether to automatically increase the height of the drawing object if text is added to the drawing object. This attribute is evaluated only for text boxes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If both draw:auto-grow-width 20.99 and draw:auto-grow-height are present, a consumer should first grow the size of the drawing object in the dimension of the major text flow (width for horizontal writing, and height for vertical writing). Only after that size component is filled, a consumer should adjust the other dimension to fit the text content. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:auto-grow-height attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: height of a drawing object should not automatically increase if text is added to the drawing object.</li><li>true: height of a drawing object should automatically increase if text is added to the drawing object.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:auto-grow-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:auto-grow-height attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:auto-grow-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:auto-grow-width attribute specifies whether to automatically increase the width of the drawing object if text is added to the drawing object. This attribute is evaluated only for text boxes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:auto-grow-width attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: width of a drawing object should not automatically increase if text is added to the drawing object.</li><li>true: width of a drawing object should automatically increase if text is added to the drawing object.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:auto-grow-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:auto-grow-width attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:background-size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:background-size attribute specifies whether the background of a page is rendered on a full page or only inside the borders of a page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:background-size attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>border: background should be rendered only inside borders of a page.</li><li>full: background should be rendered on a full page.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:background-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:background-size attribute are full or border.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:blue</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:blue attribute specifies together with the attributes draw:green 20.136 and draw:red 20.156 a non destructive filter for a linear transformation of the white balance of a pixel image. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If any of these three attributes is specified, an offset is applied to each pixel of an image while is it rendered. The offsets for each color channel is given as a percentage in the range of -100% to +100%. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>These offsets is scaled to the range -2^bits to 2^bits, where bits is the number of bits reserved for each color channel within the image. If the resulting value is less than 0 it is set to 0 and if it is greater than the maximum possible value it is set to the maximum. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: For example, if the draw:blue attribute has the value 50% and the blue color channel has 8 bits, then 128 is added to the blue color value of each pixel inside the image before it is rendered. If draw:blue has the value -50% then 128 is subtracted. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:blue attribute specifies the offset for the blue color channel. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:blue attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:blue attribute has the data type signedZeroToHundredPercent 18.3.30.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:caption-angle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-angle attribute specifies the leaving angle of the line of a caption. It is evaluated only if the draw:caption-angle-type 20.103 attribute has the value fixed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-angle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:caption-angle-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-angle-type attribute specifies if the leaving angle of the line of a caption is fixed or free. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:caption-angle-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fixed: leaving angle of line from caption has been specified by a draw:caption-angle 20.102 attribute.</li><li>free: consumer can choose the best possible leaving angle of the line from a caption.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-angle-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:caption-angle-type attribute are fixed or free.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:caption-escape</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-escape attribute specifies the point where a caption&#039;s connector is connected to the caption&#039;s text area, measured from the top left corner of the text area. The value can be an absolute length or a percentage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-escape attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:caption-escape attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:caption-escape-direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-escape-direction attribute specifies the leaving direction for the line of a caption. If this is set to auto the consumer can choose the best direction.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:caption-escape-direction attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: consumer should choose best leaving direction for a line of a caption.</li><li>horizontal: the leaving line of a caption should be drawn horizontally.</li><li>vertical: the leaving line of a caption should be drawn vertically.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-escape-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:caption-escape-direction attribute are horizontal, vertical or auto.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:caption-fit-line-length</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-fit-line-length attribute enables the consumer to determine the best possible length for a caption line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:caption-fit-line-length attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: length for caption line is fixed.</li><li>true: consumer should determine the best possible length for a caption line.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-fit-line-length attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-fit-line-length attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:caption-gap</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-gap attribute specifies the distance between the text area of the caption and the start of the line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-gap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-gap attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:caption-line-length</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-line-length attribute specifies the length of the first line of a caption. The attribute is only evaluated if draw:caption-fit-line-length 20.106 has the value false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-line-length attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-line-length attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:caption-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-type attribute specifies the geometry of the line of a caption. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:caption-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>angled-connector-line: a line in leaving direction is drawn, followed by a line to the caption point.</li><li>angled-line: a line is drawn to the caption point.</li><li>straight-line: a line perpendicular to the leaving direction is drawn to the caption point.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:caption-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:caption-type attribute are straight-line, angled-line or angled-connector-line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:color-inversion</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color-inversion attribute specifies whether the colors in the graphic shape should be inverted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Given a color &quot;#rrggbb&quot;, where rr, gg and bb are 8-bit hexadecimal digits, the inverted color is &quot;#RRGGBB&quot; where RR is the 8 bit hexadecimal number obtained as the difference of hexadecimal FF and rr, GG is the 8-bit hexadecimal number obtained as the difference of hexadecimal FF (=255) and gg, and BB is the 8 bit hexadecimal number obtained as the difference of hexadecimal FF (=255) and bb. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:color-inversion attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: colors in a graphic shape should not be inverted.</li><li>true: colors in a graphic shape should be inverted.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color-inversion attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color-inversion attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:color-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color-mode attribute sets the output of colors from a source bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:color-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>greyscale: image is displayed using intensity only.</li><li>mono: image is displayed in black and white.</li><li>standard: image is displayed without modification by the draw:color-mode attribute.</li><li>watermark: colors are modified to make the resulting image transparent.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:color-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:color-mode attribute are greyscale, mono, watermark or standard.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:contrast</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:contrast attribute specifies a signed percentage value that sets the output contrast of a bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:contrast attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:contrast attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:decimal-places</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:decimal-places attribute specifies the number of decimal places that are used for the measure text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:decimal-places attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:draw-aspect</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:draw-aspect attribute specifies the display embedded objects. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:draw-aspect attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>content: Specifies an object is displayed as an embedded object inside a frame.</li><li>icon: Specifies an icon to display.</li><li>print-view: Specifies an object is displayed as in a print preview.</li><li>thumbnail: Specifies a thumbnail of an object is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:draw-aspect attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:draw-aspect attribute are content, thumbnail, icon or print-view.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:end-guide</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-guide attribute specifies a length that is added to the length of the end extension line. The extension line is extended by this length towards the end reference point.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-guide attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-guide attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal attribute increments the length of the leaving line from the end shape. For line connectors, it specifies the absolute length of the leaving line from the end shape. For other connector types, it is ignored. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:end-line-spacing-vertical</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-vertical attribute increments the length of the leaving line from the end shape. For line connectors, it specifies the absolute length of the leaving line from the end shape. For other connector types, it is ignored. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-vertical attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill attribute specifies the fill style for a graphic object. Graphic objects that are not closed will not be filled. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: A path without a closepath at the end is open and will not be filled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:fill attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>bitmap: the drawing object is filled with the bitmap specified by the draw:fill-image-name 20.124 attribute.</li><li>gradient: the drawing object is filled with the gradient specified by the draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120 attribute.</li><li>hatch: the drawing object is filled with the hatch specified by the draw:fill-hatch-name 20.121 attribute.</li><li>none: the drawing object is not filled.</li><li>solid: the drawing object is filled with the color specified by the draw:fill-color 20.119 attribute.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:fill attribute are none, solid, bitmap, gradient or hatch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-color attribute specifies the color of the fill for a graphic object. It is used only if the draw:fill 20.118 attribute has one of the values solid or hatch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-color attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill-gradient-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-gradient-name attribute specifies a gradient style that is used for filling graphic objects. It is used only if the draw:fill 20.118 attribute has the value gradient.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-gradient-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-gradient-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill-hatch-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-name attribute specifies a hatch style that is used for filling. It is used only if the draw:fill 20.118 attribute has the value hatch. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill-hatch-solid</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-solid attribute specifies whether the background of a hatch filling is solid or transparent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:fill-hatch-solid attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: background of a hatch filling should be transparent.</li><li>true: background of a hatch filling is filled with the color specified by the draw:fill-color 20.119 attribute.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-solid attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-solid attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill-image-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-height attribute overrides the logical height of a source image that is used for filling. If the value of the style:repeat 20.341 attribute is stretch, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-height attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:fill-image-height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill-image-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-name attribute specifies a fill image that is used for filling. It is used only if the draw:fill 20.118 attribute has the value bitmap. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill-image-ref-point</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point attribute specifies an alignment of an image in the filling area. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If an alignment (draw:fill-image-ref-point) and a movement (draw:fill-image-ref-point-x 20.126, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y 20.127) are specified at the same time, the image first is aligned and then moved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current style:repeat 20.341 attribute is repeat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:fill-image-ref-point attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>bottom: image aligned with the bottom of the filling area.</li><li>bottom-left: image aligned with the bottom-left of the filling area.</li><li>bottom-right: image aligned with the bottom-right of the filling area.</li><li>center: image aligned with the center of the filling area.</li><li>left: image aligned with the left of the filling area.</li><li>right: image aligned with the right of the filling area.</li><li>top: image aligned with the top of the filling area.</li><li>top-left: image aligned with the top-left of the filling area.</li><li>top-right: image aligned with the top-right of the filling area.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:fill-image-ref-point attribute are top-left, top, top-right, left, center, right, bottom-left, bottom or bottom-right.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-x attribute specifies the horizontal movement of an image as a percentage value, where the percentage value is relative to the image width. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If an alignment (draw:fill-image-ref-point 20.125) and a movement (draw:fill-image-ref-point-x, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y 20.127) is specified at the same time, the image first is aligned and then moved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current style:repeat 20.341 attribute is repeat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-x attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-x attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-y attribute specifies the vertical movement of an image as a percentage value, where the percentage value is relative to the image width. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If an alignment (draw:fill-image-ref-point 20.125) and a movement (draw:fill-image-ref-point-x 20.126, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y) is specified at the same time, the image first is aligned and then moved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current style:repeat 20.341 attribute is repeat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-y attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-y attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fill-image-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-width attribute overrides the logical width of a source image that is used for filling. If the value of the style:repeat 20.341 attribute is stretch, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fill-image-width attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:fill-image-width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fit-to-contour</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fit-to-contour attribute specifies whether to stretch the text content of a drawing object to fill the contour of an object. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:fit-to-contour attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text content should not be stretched to fill the contour of an object.</li><li>true: text content should be stretched to fill the contour of an object.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fit-to-contour attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fit-to-contour attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:fit-to-size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fit-to-size attribute specifies whether to stretch the text content of a drawing object to fill an entire object. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:fit-to-size attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text content should not be stretched to fill an entire object.</li><li>true: text content should be stretched to fill an entire object.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fit-to-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:fit-to-size attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:frame-display-border</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-display-border attribute specifies whether a border is displayed on a floating frame. This attribute can be used with automatic styles only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:frame-display-border attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: a border should not be displayed on a floating frame.</li><li>true: a border should be displayed on a floating frame.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-display-border attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-display-border attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:frame-margin-horizontal</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-margin-horizontal attribute specifies the horizontal margin between the border and the content of the floating frame. If this attribute is not specified, the default margin is used. This attribute can be used with automatic styles only. The value of this attribute shall be a length in pixels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-margin-horizontal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-margin-horizontal attribute has the data type nonNegativePixelLength 18.3.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:frame-display-scrollbar</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-display-scrollbar attribute specifies whether vertical and horizontal scrollbars are displayed. This attribute can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:frame-display-scrollbar attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: vertical and horizontal scrollbars should not be displayed.</li><li>true: vertical and horizontal scrollbars should be displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-display-scrollbar attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-display-scrollbar attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:frame-margin-vertical</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-margin-vertical attribute specifies the vertical margin between the border and the content of the floating frame. If this attribute is not specified, the default margin is used. This attribute can be used with automatic styles only. The value of this attribute shall be a length in pixels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-margin-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:frame-margin-vertical attribute has the data type nonNegativePixelLength 18.3.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:gamma</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:gamma attribute specifies a value that sets the output gamma of a bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:gamma attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:gamma attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:green</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:green attribute specifies together with the attributes draw:blue 20.101 and draw:red 20.156 a non destructive filter for a linear transformation of the white balance of a pixel image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:green attribute specifies the offset for the green color channel. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:green attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:green attribute has the data type signedZeroToHundredPercent 18.3.30.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:gradient-step-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:gradient-step-count attribute specifies the gradient step count of a color interpolation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li><ul><li>Value 0 means that the step count is automatically calculated on the size and resolution of the filled area.</li><li>Values 1 and 2 shall not be used.</li><li>Values of 3 or greater mean that the step count is that fixed value.</li></ul></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A gradient step count of color interpolation may be above 256.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:gradient-step-count attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:gradient-step-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:guide-distance</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:guide-distance attribute specifies the distance between the reference points and the start point of extension lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: This distance may be further modified for the start and end extensions lines individually with the draw:start-guide 20.164 and draw:end-guide 20.115 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:guide-distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:guide-distance attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:guide-overhang</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:guide-overhang attribute specifies the length of extension lines after their intersection with a dimension line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:guide-overhang attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:guide-overhang attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:image-opacity</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:image-opacity attribute specifies the opacity of an image. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:image-opacity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:image-opacity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:line-distance</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:line-distance attribute specifies the distance between a reference line (as defined by the reference points) and a dimension line. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:line-distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:line-distance attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:luminance</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:luminance attribute specifies a signed percentage value that sets the output luminance of a bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:luminance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:luminance attribute has the data type signedZeroToHundredPercent 18.3.30.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:marker-end</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-end attribute specifies a stroke end marker, which is a path that can be connected to the end of a stroke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-end attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-end attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:marker-end-center</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-end-center attribute specifies whether an end marker is centered at the end of a stroke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:marker-end-center attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: an end marker should not be centered at the end of a stroke.</li><li>true: an end marker should be centered at the end of a stroke.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-end-center attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-end-center attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:marker-end-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-end-width attribute specifies the width of the marker at the end of a stroke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-end-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-end-width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:marker-start</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-start attribute specifies a stroke start marker, which is a path that can be connected to the start of a stroke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-start attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-start attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:marker-start-center</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-start-center attribute specifies whether a start marker is centered at the start of a stroke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:marker-start-center attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: a start marker should not be centered at the start of a stroke.</li><li>true: a start marker should be centered at the start of a stroke.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-start-center attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-start-center attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:marker-start-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-start-width attribute specifies the width of the marker at the start of a stroke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-start-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:marker-start-width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:measure-align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:measure-align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of a measure text relative to its measure line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:measure-align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>automatic: horizontal alignment of a measure text relative to its measure line is chosen by the consumer.</li><li>inside: horizontal alignment of a measure text should be inside relative to its measure line.</li><li>left-outside: horizontal alignment of a measure text should be left-outside relative to its measure line.</li><li>right-outside: horizontal alignment of a measure text should be right-outside relative to its measure line.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:measure-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:measure-align attribute are automatic, left-outside, inside or right-outside.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:measure-vertical-align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:measure-vertical-align attribute specifies the vertical alignment of a measure text relative to its measure line. If the value of this attribute is automatic, the consumer chooses the best position.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:measure-vertical-align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>above: vertical alignment of a measure text should be above relative to its measure line.</li><li>automatic: vertical alignment of a measure text relative to its measure line is chosen by the consumer.</li><li>below: vertical alignment of a measure text should be below relative to its measure line.</li><li>center: vertical alignment of a measure text should be centered relative to its measure line.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:measure-vertical-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:measure-vertical-align attribute are automatic, above, below or center.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:ole-draw-aspect (deprecated) </h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:ole-draw-aspect attribute specifies the display of embedded objects. See [OLE]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The draw:draw-aspect 20.114 attribute should be used instead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:ole-draw-aspect attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:ole-draw-aspect attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:opacity</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:opacity attribute specifies the opacity for an image or graphic object. The value is a percentage, where 0% is transparent and 100% is opaque.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value range for the draw:opacity attribute is 0% to 100%, inclusive. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use of the draw:opacity attribute disables any transparency effect and set the opacity for the fill area of a graphic object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:opacity attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:opacity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:opacity-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:opacity-name attribute specifies an opacity gradient that defines the opacity for the fill area of a graphic object. When applying an opacity gradient, the opacity is interpolated as defined in the referenced opacity gradient style. Opacity is applied after other fill styles have been applied to an image or graphic object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute overrides the draw:opacity 20.152 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:opacity-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:opacity-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:parallel</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:parallel attribute specifies whether a measure text is displayed parallel to its measure line or perpendicular to it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:parallel attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: measure text is displayed perpendicular to its measure line.</li><li>true: measure text is displayed parallel to its measure line.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:parallel attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:parallel attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:placing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:placing attribute specifies whether the measure line is rendered below or above the edge defined by the two reference points. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:placing attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>above: measure line is rendered above the edge defined by two reference points.</li><li>below: measure line is rendered below the edge defined by two reference points.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:placing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:placing attribute are below or above.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:red</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:red attribute specifies together with the attributes draw:blue 20.101 and draw:green 20.136 a non destructive filter for a linear transformation of the white balance of a pixel image. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:red attribute specifies the offset for the red color channel. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:red attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:red attribute has the data type signedZeroToHundredPercent 18.3.30.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:secondary-fill-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:secondary-fill-color attribute specifies a secondary fill color. It may be used as fill color for the extrusion.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:secondary-fill-color attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:secondary-fill-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:shadow</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow attribute enables or disables the visibility of a shadow.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:shadow attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>hidden: a shadow should not be visible.</li><li>visible: a shadow should be visible.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:shadow attribute are visible or hidden.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:shadow-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-color attribute specifies the color in which a shadow is rendered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:shadow-offset-x</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-x attribute along with the draw:shadow-offset-y 20.161 attribute are used to render a shadow. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A copy of the shape is rendered in the single shadow color (specified by draw:shadow-color 20.159) behind the shape. The offset attributes specify the offset between the top left edge of the shape and the top left edge of the border.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-x attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:shadow-offset-y</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-y attribute along with the draw:shadow-offset-x 20.160 attribute are used to render a shadow. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-y attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:shadow-opacity</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-opacity attribute specifies the opacity in which the shadow is rendered. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-opacity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:shadow-opacity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:show-unit</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:show-unit attribute specifies the visibility of a unit in the textual presentation of a measure shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:show-unit attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: units should not be visible in the textual presentation of a measure shape.</li><li>true: units should be visible in the textual presentation of a measure shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:show-unit attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:show-unit attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:start-guide</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-guide attribute specifies a length that is added to the length of a start extension line. The extension line is extended by this length towards the start reference point. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-guide attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-guide attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal attribute increments the length of the leaving line from the start shape for standard connectors. For lines connectors, these attributes specify the absolute length of the leaving line from the start shape. For other connector types, they are ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:start-line-spacing-vertical</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-vertical attribute increments the length of the leaving line from the start shape for standard connectors. For lines connectors, these attributes specify the absolute length of the leaving line from the start shape. For other connector types, they are ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-vertical attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:stroke</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:stroke attribute specifies the style of the stroke on the current object. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:stroke attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>dash: stroke referenced by a draw:stroke-dash 20.168 attribute of a style on the object is drawn.</li><li>none: no stroke is drawn.</li><li>solid: solid stroke is drawn.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:stroke attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:stroke attribute are none, dash or solid.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:stroke-dash</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:stroke-dash attribute specifies the dash style that is used for a stroke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:stroke-dash attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:stroke-dash attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:stroke-dash-names</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:stroke-dash-names attribute specifies a list of dash styles that are used for the stroke in addition to the dash specified by the draw:stroke-dash 20.168 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For each dash style referenced by the attribute a stroke using that dash style is drawn on top of the already drawn strokes. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:stroke-dash-names attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:stroke-dash-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:stroke-linejoin</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:stroke-linejoin attribute specifies the shape at the corners of paths or other vector shapes when they are stroked. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:stroke-linejoin attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>bevel: See §11.4 of [SVG].</li><li>middle: mean value between joins is used (deprecated)</li><li>miter: See §11.4 of [SVG].</li><li>none: no shape specified.</li><li>round: See §11.4 of [SVG].</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:stroke-linejoin attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:stroke-linejoin attribute are miter, round, bevel, middle or none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:stroke-linecap</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stroke-linecap attribute specifies the shape of the end of open subpaths when they are stroked. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For a dashed line, caps are applied to each dash. The values of the draw:dots1-length 19.136, draw:dots2-length 19.138 and draw:distance 19.134 attributes of the referenced &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 20.168 element refer to the dashes without cap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the referenced &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element has an attribute draw:style 19.218, the attribute draw:style is ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the svg:stroke-linecap attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>butt: See §11.4 of [SVG].</li><li>round: See §11.4 of [SVG].</li><li>square: See §11.4 of [SVG].</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stroke-linecap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:stroke-linecap attribute are butt, square or round.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:symbol-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:symbol-color attribute defines the color to be used to draw symbols contained on the drawing object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:symbol-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:symbol-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:textarea-horizontal-align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:textarea-horizontal-align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of the text area inside a shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:textarea-horizontal-align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>center: text area is centered horizontally inside a shape. </li><li>justify: text area is justified horizontally inside a shape. </li><li>left: text area is left aligned horizontally inside a shape. </li><li>right: text area is right aligned horizontally inside a shape. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:textarea-horizontal-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:textarea-horizontal-align attribute are left, center, right or justify.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:textarea-vertical-align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:textarea-vertical-align attribute specifies the vertical alignment of the text area inside a shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:textarea-vertical-align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>bottom: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should start at the bottom of the shape.</li><li>justify: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should be justified.</li><li>middle: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should start at the middle of the shape.</li><li>top: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should start at the top of the shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:textarea-vertical-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:textarea-vertical-align attribute are top, middle, bottom or justify.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:tile-repeat-offset</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:tile-repeat-offset attribute specifies for tiling the translation of each tile in relation to the previous tile. This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current style:repeat 20.341 attribute is repeat. The value of this attribute is a percentage value representing the tiles repeat offset relative to the tiles height or width, followed by either the word horizontal or vertical.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:tile-repeat-offset attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>horizontal: images are tiled horizontally with regard to the previous tile.</li><li>vertical: images are tiled vertically with regard to the previous tile.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:tile-repeat-offset attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:tile-repeat-offset attribute has two white space separated values. The first value is of type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41. The second value is one of: horizontal or vertical.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:visible-area-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the draw:visible-area-height attribute along with the draw:visible-area-left 20.177, draw:visible-area-top 20.178, draw:visible-area-width 20.179 attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the draw:visible-area-left and draw:visible-area-top attributes are 0 and the draw:visible-area-width and draw:visible-area-height attributes specify the size of the object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:visible-area-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:visible-area-height attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:visible-area-left</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the draw:visible-area-left attribute along with the draw:visible-area-height 20.176, draw:visible-area-top 20.178, draw:visible-area-width 20.179 attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the draw:visible-area-left and draw:visible-area-top attributes are 0 and the draw:visible-area-width and draw:visible-area-height attributes specify the size of the object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:visible-area-left attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:visible-area-left attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:visible-area-top</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the draw:visible-area-top attribute along with the draw:visible-area-left 20.177, draw:visible-area-height 20.176, draw:visible-area-width 20.179 attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the draw:visible-area-left and draw:visible-area-top attributes are 0 and the draw:visible-area-width and draw:visible-area-height attributes specify the size of the object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:visible-area-top attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:visible-area-top attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:visible-area-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the draw:visible-area-width attribute along with the draw:visible-area-left 20.177, draw:visible-area-top 20.178, draw:visible-area-height 20.176 attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the draw:visible-area-left and draw:visible-area-top attributes are 0 and the draw:visible-area-width and draw:visible-area-height attributes specify the size of the object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:visible-area-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:visible-area-width attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:unit</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:unit attribute specifies the unit of measurement used in the textual presentation of a measure shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:unit attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>automatic: unit of measurement chosen by consumer. </li><li>mm: millimeter.</li><li>cm: centimeter.</li><li>m: meter</li><li>km: kilometer.</li><li>pt: point.</li><li>pc: pica.</li><li>inch: inch.</li><li>ft: foot.</li><li>mi: mile.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:unit attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:unit attribute are automatic, mm, cm, m, km, pt, pc, inch, ft or mi.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>draw:wrap-influence-on-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:wrap-influence-on-position attribute specifies placement options for two or more frames or graphic objects with style:wrap 20.400 properties that influence the placement of the other object. It is intended as a hint to the layout algorithm to help determine the placement of frames in cases where several correct placements are possible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The situation in which this attribute makes a difference is when the anchor, position and wrapping mode of a frame influence each other. For example, consider a paragraph of text with two images positioned above the anchor. Without wrapping, the images overlie the text and can simply be placed at the given offset from the anchor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>  <img src="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1131" data-pandoc-media-sha1="6e1d06e7d35198a02549f5ecfb0c9546b9296b5e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="455d0b7b9d05512a8fb5fa571894da47284ed317" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/> Figure 2 - Image positions without wrapping  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If wrap-around is enabled, the text hidden behind the images now should flow around the images, making the first paragraph use more space than previously. This moves the anchor position further down. If the placement is only done once and concurrently for all objects, this is the final result. This corresponds to the option once-concurrent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>  <img src="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1190" data-pandoc-media-sha1="45fff8a4ca5aa00f997bcdfb3e89327d05b8b81a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="5b491147356b800874ec0c33b25d34ed2fd2ef2c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/> Figure 3 - Image positions for “once-concurrently”  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If one image is processed at a time, the position shown Figure 5 results. This corresponds to the option once-successive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>  <img src="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1211" data-pandoc-media-sha1="201e06e6e41675e035530b01f8518002b4ac9176" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="f668aab6bc718db6fbc44871e9de067af533a049" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/> Figure 4 - Image positions for “once-successive”  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the images are placed iteratively, until a position is found which corresponds to the given offset from the anchor, a placement that fully satisfies all the given layout formatting properties can be achieved. This corresponds to the option iterative.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>  <img src="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" alt="" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1202" data-pandoc-media-sha1="81cd994d495489dbf21f58319b323b1c1cd65e69" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="3fae50dfd0057cb4219925094136182bff6fd933" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/> Figure 5 - Image positions for iterative  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the draw:wrap-influence-on-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>iterative: images are placed iteratively until all specified layout formatting properties are satisfied.</li><li>once-concurrent: images are aligned with one another.</li><li>once-successive: subsequent image is placed after the preceding image.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The draw:wrap-influence-on-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the draw:wrap-influence-on-position attribute are iterative, once-concurrent or once-successive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:background-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:background-color attribute specifies a background color for characters, paragraphs, text sections, frames, page bodies, headers, footers, table cells, table rows and tables. This can be transparent or a color. If the value is set to transparent, it switches off any background image that is specified by a &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If a value for a draw:fill attribute is provided in a style, any background image that is specified by a &lt;style:background-image&gt; element and any background color that is specified with the fo:background-color attribute are switched off. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:background-color attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11, &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15, &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:background-color attribute are transparent or a value of type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo Border Properties</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border, fo:border-top, fo:border-bottom, fo:border-left and fo:border-right attributes specify border properties for these elements:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</li><li>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</li><li>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</li><li>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</li><li>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>fo:border</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.29.3 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>fo:border-bottom</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.29.4 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border-bottom attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border-bottom attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>fo:border-left</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.29.6 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border-left attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border-left attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>fo:border-right</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.29.7 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border-right attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border-right attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>fo:border-top</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.29.10 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border-top attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:border-top attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:break-after</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.19.1 of [XSL]. The values odd-page and even-page are not supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute shall not be used at the same time as fo:break-before.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:break-after attribute does not support even-page, inherit and odd-page values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:break-after attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15 and &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:break-after attribute are auto, column or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:break-before</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.19.2 of [XSL]. The values odd-page and even-page are not supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute shall not be used at the same time as fo:break-after.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:break-before attribute does not support even-page, inherit and odd-page values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:break-before attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15 and &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:break-before attribute are auto, column or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:clip</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.20.1 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:clip attribute does not support em and px values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value for the fo:clip attribute is a value of type clipShape 18.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:clip attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:clip attribute are auto or a value of type clipShape 18.3.8.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.17.1 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:color attribute does not support the inherit value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:country</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.9.1 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] characters whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a fo:language 20.202 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:country attribute does not support none or inherit values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:country attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:font-family</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.8.2 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:font-family attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name 20.277 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:font-family attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:font-family attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:font-size</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.8.4 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute is either an absolute length or a percentage as described in §7.8.4 of [XSL]. In contrast to XSL, percentage values can be used within common styles only and are based on the font height of the parent style rather than to the font height of the attributes neighborhood. Absolute font heights and relative font heights are not supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The style:font-size-asian attribute (20.284) is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose type is asian. 20.358 The style:font-size-complex attribute (20.285) is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:font-size attribute does not support absolute-size, inherit and relative-size values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:font-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:font-size attribute are a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:font-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.8.7 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:font-style attribute does not support backslant and inherit values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:font-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:font-style attribute are normal, italic or oblique.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:font-variant</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.8.8 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:font-variant attribute does not support the inherit value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:font-variant attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:font-variant attribute are normal or small-caps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:font-weight</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.8.9 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:font-weight attribute does not support bolder, inherit and lighter values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:font-weight attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:font-weight attribute are normal, bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.14.4 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:height attribute is used with fo:width 20.229 to set the size of a bullet image. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:height attribute does not support auto, inherit and percentage values. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:height attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:hyphenate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.9.4 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:hyphenate attribute does not support the inherit value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:hyphenate attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:hyphenate attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:hyphenation-keep</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.15.1 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:hyphenation-keep attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:hyphenation-keep attribute are auto or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:hyphenation-ladder-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.15.2 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the fo:hyphenation-ladder-count attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>no-limit:</li><li>a value of type positiveInteger</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:hyphenation-ladder-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:hyphenation-ladder-count attribute are no-limit or a value of type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:hyphenation-push-char-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.9.6 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:hyphenation-push-char-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:hyphenation-push-char-count attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.9.7 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:keep-together</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.19.3 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:keep-together attribute does not support the integer value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:keep-together attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:keep-together attribute are auto or always.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:keep-with-next</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.19.4 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:keep-with-next attribute does not support the integer value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:keep-with-next attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:keep-with-next attribute are auto or always.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:language</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.9.2 of [XSL]. Compared to the XSL language attribute, the value range of this attribute is extended to additional parts of ISO 639. See 18.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a fo:country 20.188 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:language attribute does not support the inherit and none values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:language attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:language attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:letter-spacing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.16.2 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:letter-spacing attribute does not support the inherit and space values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value for the fo:letter-spacing attribute is a value of type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:letter-spacing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:letter-spacing attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or normal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:line-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> See §7.15.4 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value normal activates the default line height calculation. The value of this attribute can be a length, a percentage, normal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:line-height attribute does not support the inherit, number, and space values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the fo:line-height attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>a value of type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20</li><li>normal: disables the effects of style:line-height-at-least 20.317 and style:line-spacing 20.318. </li><li>a value of type percent 18.3.23</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:line-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:line-height attribute are normal, a value of type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:margin</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.29.14 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:margin attribute does not support auto and inherit values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:margin attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:margin attribute are a value of type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:margin-bottom</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.10.2 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this attribute is contained in a &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element, its value may be a percentage that refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:margin-bottom attribute does not support the auto and inherit values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:margin-bottom attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:margin-bottom attribute are a value of type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:margin-left</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.10.3 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this attribute is contained in a &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element, its value may be a percentage that refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tables that align to the left or to the center ignore right margins, and tables that align to the right or to the center ignore left margins.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:margin-left attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:margin-left attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:margin-right</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.10.4 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this attribute is contained in a &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element, its value may be a percentage that refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tables that align to the left or to the center ignore right margins, and tables that align to the right or to the center ignore left margins.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:margin-right attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:margin-right attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:margin-top</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.10.1 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this attribute is contained in a &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element, its value may be a percentage that refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:margin-top attribute does not support the inherit value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:margin-top attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:margin-top attribute are a value of type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:max-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:max-height attribute specifies a default maximum height for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See 19.238.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:max-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:max-height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:max-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:max-width attribute specifies a default maximum width for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See 19.239.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:max-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:max-width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:min-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:min-height attribute specifies a default minimum height for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See 19.240.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:min-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:min-height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:min-height attribute specifies a minimum height for a header or footer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:min-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:min-height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:min-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:min-width attribute specifies a default minimum width for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See 19.241.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:min-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:min-width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:orphans</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.19.6 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:orphans attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:orphans attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:page-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.25.13 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:page-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:page-height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:page-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.25.15 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:page-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:page-width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:padding</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.29.15 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:padding attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:padding attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:padding-bottom</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.7.36 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:padding-bottom attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:padding-bottom attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:padding-left</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.7.37 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:padding-left attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:padding-left attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:padding-right</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.7.38 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:padding-right attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:padding-right attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:padding-top</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.7.35 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:padding-top attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:padding-top attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:script</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.9.3 of [XSL]. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a fo:language 20.202 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:script attribute does not support the inherit or none values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:script attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:script attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:text-align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.15.9 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If there are no values specified for the fo:text-align and style:justify-single-word 20.301 attributes within the same formatting properties element, the values of those attributes is set to start and false respectively.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:text-align attribute does not support the inherit, inside, outside, or string values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-align attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19 and &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:text-align attribute are start, end, left, right, center or justify.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-align attribute when used with the &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element specifies the alignment of text in a paragraph. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of start and end are interpreted according to the writing direction of the text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:text-align attribute are start, end, left, right, center or justify.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-align attribute when used with the &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.20 element specifies the alignment of list labels. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode 20.431 attribute on the same &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element has the value label-width-and-position, the fo:text-align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of the list label within the width specified by the text:min-label-width 20.433 attribute. If the actual width of the list label is greater than the specified minimum width no alignment takes place.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute on the same &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element has the value label-alignment, the value of the text:min-label-width attribute is treated as 0 and the fo:text-align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of the list label at the alignment position. The alignment position is specified by the fo:margin-left 20.207 and fo:text-indent 20.225 attributes of its child element &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the fo:text-align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>center: center of the list label is positioned at the alignment position.</li><li>end: interpreted as fo:text-align=”right”</li><li>justify: label is justified.</li><li>left: list label starts at the alignment position.</li><li>right: list label ends at the alignment position.</li><li>start: interpreted as fo:text-align=”left”.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:text-align attribute are start, end, left, right, center or justify.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:text-align-last</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.15.10 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if it not accompanied by an fo:text-align 20.223 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If no value is specified for this attribute, the value is set to start. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-align-last attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:text-align-last attribute are start, center or justify.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:text-indent</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-indent attribute specifies a positive or negative indent for the first line of a paragraph. See §7.15.11 of [XSL]. The attribute value is a length. If the attribute is contained in a common style, the attribute value may be also a percentage that refers to the corresponding text indent of a parent style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-indent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:text-indent attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:text-shadow</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-shadow attribute specifies the text shadow style to use. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for this attribute are those defined in §7.16.5 of [XSL], except the value inherit. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-shadow attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:text-shadow attribute are none or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:text-transform</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.16.6 of [XSL]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If fo:text-transform and fo:font-variant 20.192 attributes are used simultaneously and have different values than normal and none, the result is undefined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: In consumers, the fo:text-transform and fo:font-variant attributes are mutually exclusive.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:text-transform attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:text-transform attribute are none, lowercase, uppercase or capitalize.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:widows</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.19.7 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:widows attribute specifies the minimum number of lines that shall be displayed at the top of a page to avoid paragraph widows.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:widows attribute does not support the inherit value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:widows attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:widows attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.14.12 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:width attribute is used with fo:height 20.194 to set the size of a bullet image. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:width attribute does not support the auto or inherit values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:width attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>fo:wrap-option</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.15.13 of [XSL]. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If wrapping is disabled, it is implementation-defined whether the overflow text is visible or hidden. If the text is hidden consumers may support a scrolling to access the text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:wrap-option attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the fo:wrap-option attribute are no-wrap or wrap.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:background-objects-visible</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:background-objects-visible attribute specifies whether to display objects in the background of a master page when displaying a presentation page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:background-objects-visible attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: objects in background of a master page should not be displayed when displaying a presentation page.</li><li>true: objects in background of a master page should be displayed when displaying a presentation page.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:background-objects-visible attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:background-objects-visible attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:background-visible</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:background-visible attribute specifies whether to display the background of a master page when displaying a presentation page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:background-visible attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: background of a master page should not be displayed when displaying a presentation page.</li><li>true: background of a master page should be displayed when displaying a presentation page.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:background-visible attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:background-visible attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:display-date-time</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-date-time attribute specifies the visibility of a drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 element, where the shape has the presentation class date-time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:display-date-time attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element with the presentation class date-time should not be visible.</li><li>true: drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element with the presentation class date-time should be visible.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-date-time attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-date-time attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:display-footer</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-footer attribute specifies the visibility of a drawing shape used as a footer in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:display-footer attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: drawing shape used as a footer of a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element should not be visible.</li><li>true: drawing shape used as a footer of a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element should be visible.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-footer attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-footer attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:display-header</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-header attribute specifies the visibility of a drawing shape used as a header in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:display-header attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: drawing shape used as a header of a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element should not be visible.</li><li>true: drawing shape used as a header of a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element should be visible.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-header attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-header attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:display-page-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-page-number attribute specifies the visibility of a drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 element, where the shape has the presentation class page-number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:display-page-number attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element with the presentation class page-number should not be visible.</li><li>true: drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element with the presentation class page-number should be visible.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Presentation class 19.393 defines presentation class values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-page-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:display-page-number attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:duration</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:duration attribute specifies the amount of time that a presentation page is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:duration attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:duration attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:transition-speed</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:transition-speed attribute specifies the speed at which a presentation page is removed from display, and replaced by a new presentation page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:transition-speed attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fast: An implementation-defined speed. The fast speed should be faster than the speed the consumer chooses for the values medium and slow. </li><li>medium:An implementation-defined speed. The medium speed should be faster than the speed the consumer chooses for the value slow, and slower than the speed the consumer chooses for the value fast.</li><li>slow: An implementation-defined speed. The slow speed should be slower than the speed the consumer chooses for the values medium and fast. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:transition-speed attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:transition-speed attribute are slow, medium or fast.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:transition-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:transition-style attribute specifies the way that each presentation page replaces the previous presentation page. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:transition-style attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>clockwise: page is uncovered by the hand of a watch, moving clockwise.</li><li>close: Combination of close-horizontal and close-vertical.</li><li>close-horizontal: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line horizontally starting at the edge of the page.</li><li>close-vertical: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line vertically starting at the edge of the page.</li><li>counterclockwise: page is uncovered by the hand of a watch, moving counterclockwise.</li><li>dissolve: page is faded in by drawing small blocks in a random fashion.</li><li>fade-from-bottom: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the bottom of the screen.</li><li>fade-from-left: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the left of the screen.</li><li>fade-from-right: pages fade from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the right of the screen.</li><li>fade-from-top: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the top of the screen.</li><li>fade-from-lowerleft: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the lower left of the screen.</li><li>fade-from-lowerright: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the lower right of the screen.</li><li>fade-from-upperleft: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the upper left of the screen.</li><li>fade-from-upperright: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the upper right of the screen.</li><li>fade-from-center: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state from the center of the screen.</li><li>fade-to-center: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the center of the screen.</li><li>fly-away: page first reduces itself to a smaller size (while remaining centered in the screen), and then &quot;flies away&quot; (turns around and moves to the bottom-right corner of the screen). The next slide appears under it meanwhile.</li><li>horizontal-checkerboard: page is uncovered by drawing checkerboard like blocks that increase in size horizontally.</li><li>horizontal-lines: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line horizontally in a random fashion.</li><li>horizontal-stripes: page is uncovered by drawing horizontal stripes that change their size during this effect.</li><li>interlocking-horizontal-left: page appears in 4 horizontal stripes (the height is divided in 4, like in the horizontal-stripes effect) but those stripes come from left, right, left, and right, and cross each other in the middle of the screen.</li><li>interlocking-horizontal-right: page appears in 4 horizontal stripes (the height is divided in 4, like in the horizontal-stripes effect) but those stripes come from right, left, right, and left, and cross each other in the middle of the screen.</li><li>interlocking-vertical-bottom: same effect as interlocking-horizontal-* but with vertical stripes crossing each other.</li><li>interlocking-vertical-top: same effect as interlocking-horizontal-* but with vertical stripes crossing each other.</li><li>melt: Small vertical stripes move down at random speed, which gives the effect of the current page &quot;melting down&quot;.</li><li>move-from-bottom: page moves from the bottom of the screen to its final position.</li><li>move-from-left: page moves from the left of the screen to its final position.</li><li>move-from-right: page moves from the right of the screen to its final position.</li><li>move-from-top: page moves from the top of the screen to its final position.</li><li>move-from-lowerleft: page moves from the lower left of the screen to its final position.</li><li>move-from-lowerright: page moves from the lower right of the screen to its final position.</li><li>move-from-upperleft: page moves from the upper left of the screen to its final position.</li><li>move-from-upperright: page moves from the upper right of the screen to its final position.</li><li>none: no effect is used.</li><li>open: Combination of open-horizontal and open-vertical.</li><li>open-horizontal: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line horizontally, starting at the center of the page.</li><li>open-vertical: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line vertically, starting at the center of the page.</li><li>random: an effect is chosen at random to uncover a page.</li><li>roll-from-bottom: page moves towards the bottom of the screen to its final position, pushing the previous page out.</li><li>roll-from-left: pages move towards the left of the screen to its final position, pushing the previous page out.</li><li>roll-from-right: page moves towards the right of the screen to its final position, pushing the previous page out.</li><li>roll-from-top: page moves towards the top of the screen to its final position, pushing the previous page out.</li><li>spiralin-left: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral fashion, starting from the left edge of the screen.</li><li>spiralin-right: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral fashion, starting from the right edge of the screen.</li><li>spiralout-left: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral fashion, starting from the center of the page.</li><li>spiralout-right: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral fashion, starting from the center of the page.</li><li>stretch-from-bottom: page is uncovered by changing its size from the bottom of the screen during this effect.</li><li>stretch-from-left: page is uncovered by changing its size from the left of the screen during this effect.</li><li>stretch-from-right: page is uncovered by changing its size from the right of the screen during this effect.</li><li>stretch-from-top: page is uncovered by changing its size from the left of the screen during this effect.</li><li>uncover-to-bottom: page is uncovered from the bottom of the screen.</li><li>uncover-to-left: page is uncovered from the left of the screen.</li><li>uncover-to-right: page is uncovered from the right of the screen.</li><li>uncover-to-top: page is uncovered from the top of the screen.</li><li>uncover-to-lowerleft: page is uncovered from the lower left of the screen.</li><li>uncover-to-lowerright: page is uncovered from the lower right of the screen.</li><li>uncover-to-upperleft: page is uncovered from the upper left of the screen.</li><li>uncover-to-upperright: page is uncovered from the upper right of the screen.</li><li>vertical-checkerboard: page is uncovered by drawing checkerboard like blocks that increase in size vertically.</li><li>vertical-lines: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line vertically in a random fashion.</li><li>vertical-stripes: page is uncovered by drawing vertical stripes that change their size during this effect.</li><li>wavyline-from-bottom: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a snake like fashion from the bottom of the screen.</li><li>wavyline-from-left: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a snake like fashion from the left of the screen.</li><li>wavyline-from-right: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a snake like fashion from the right of the screen.</li><li>wavyline-from-top: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a snake like fashion from the top of the screen.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:transition-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:transition-style attribute are none, fade-from-left, fade-from-top, fade-from-right, fade-from-bottom, fade-from-upperleft, fade-from-upperright, fade-from-lowerleft, fade-from-lowerright, move-from-left, move-from-top, move-from-right, move-from-bottom, move-from-upperleft, move-from-upperright, move-from-lowerleft, move-from-lowerright, uncover-to-left, uncover-to-top, uncover-to-right, uncover-to-bottom, uncover-to-upperleft, uncover-to-upperright, uncover-to-lowerleft, uncover-to-lowerright, fade-to-center, fade-from-center, vertical-stripes, horizontal-stripes, clockwise, counterclockwise, open-vertical, open-horizontal, close-vertical, close-horizontal, wavyline-from-left, wavyline-from-top, wavyline-from-right, wavyline-from-bottom, spiralin-left, spiralin-right, spiralout-left, spiralout-right, roll-from-top, roll-from-left, roll-from-right, roll-from-bottom, stretch-from-left, stretch-from-top, stretch-from-right, stretch-from-bottom, vertical-lines, horizontal-lines, dissolve, random, vertical-checkerboard, horizontal-checkerboard, interlocking-horizontal-left, interlocking-horizontal-right, interlocking-vertical-top, interlocking-vertical-bottom, fly-away, open, close or melt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:transition-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:transition-type attribute specifies the mode of a transition. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:transition-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>automatic: slide transition and shape effects start automatically.</li><li>manual: slide transition and shape effects are started separately by the user.</li><li>semi-automatic: slide transition starts automatically, shape effects are started by the user.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:type attribute should be used for presentations. The presentation:transition-type and presentation:transition-style 20.239 attributes are retained for legacy compatibility only. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:transition-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:transition-type attribute are manual, automatic or semi-automatic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>presentation:visibility</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:visibility attribute specifies if the content of a &lt;draw:page&gt; element is visible during a presentation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the presentation:transition-speed attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>hidden: content is hidden during a presentation. </li><li>visible: content is visible during a presentation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The presentation:visibility attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the presentation:visibility attribute are visible or hidden.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §12.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the smil:direction attribute are forward or reverse.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:fadeColor</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §12.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:fadeColor attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:fadeColor attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:subtype</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §12.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: See §12.8 of [SMIL20] for a list of supported subtypes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:subtype attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:subtype attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>smil:type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The [SMIL20] smil:type attribute specifies a transition type or family.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §12.8 of [SMIL20] for a list of supported types.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this attribute is present, the attributes presentation:transition-type 20.240 and presentation:transition-style 20.239 attributes should be ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The smil:type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:auto-text-indent</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:auto-text-indent attribute specifies that the first line of a paragraph is indented by a value that is based on the current font size.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If this attribute has a value of true and is used together with a fo:text-indent 20.225 attribute the fo:text-indent attribute is ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:auto-text-indent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:auto-text-indent attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:background-transparency</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:background-transparency attribute specifies the transparency of a paragraph&#039;s background color.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:background-transparency attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:background-transparency attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:border-line-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:border-line-width attribute specifies the widths of borders defined by the FO border properties (see 20.183) for borders where the value of these properties is double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the style:border-line-width attribute is a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</li><li>The second value specifies the distance between the two lines</li><li>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:border-line-width attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:border-line-width attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:border-line-width-bottom</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:border-line-width-bottom attribute specifies the widths of the bottom border for borders defined by the FO border properties (see 20.183) if the property for the bottom border has the value double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the style:border-line-width-bottom attribute is a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</li><li>The second value specifies the distance between the two lines</li><li>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:border-line-width-bottom attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:border-line-width-bottom attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:border-line-width-left</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:border-line-width-left attribute specifies the widths of the left border for borders defined by the FO border properties (see 20.183) if the property for the left border has the value double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the style:border-line-width-left attribute is a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</li><li>The second value specified the distance between the two lines</li><li>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:border-line-width-left attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:border-line-width-left attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:border-line-width-right</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:border-line-width-right attribute specifies the widths of the right border for borders defined by the FO border properties (see 20.183) if the property for the right border has the value double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the style:border-line-width-right attribute is a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</li><li>The second value specified the distance between the two lines</li><li>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:border-line-width-right attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:border-line-width-right attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:border-line-width-top</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:border-line-width-top attribute specifies the widths of the top border for borders defined by the FO border properties (see 20.183) if the property for the top border has the value double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the style:border-line-width-top attribute is a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</li><li>The second value specified the distance between the two lines</li><li>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:border-line-width-top attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:border-line-width-top attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:cell-protect</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:cell-protect attribute specifies how a cell is protected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is only evaluated if the current table is protected. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:cell-protect attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>formula-hidden: if cell content is a formula, it is not displayed. It can be replaced by changing the cell content.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Replacement of cell content includes replacement with another formula or other cell content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>hidden-and-protected: cell content is not displayed and cannot be edited. If content is a formula, the formula result is not displayed.</li><li>none: formula responsible for cell content is neither hidden nor protected.</li><li>protected: cell content cannot be edited.</li><li>protected formula-hidden: cell content cannot be edited. If content is a formula, it is not displayed. A formula result is displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:cell-protect attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:cell-protect attribute are none, hidden-and-protected, or white space separated non-empty lists of one of these values: protected, or formula-hidden..</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:column-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:column-width attribute specifies a fixed width for a column.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:column-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:column-width attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:contextual-spacing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:margin-bottom 20.206 attribute of a paragraph and the fo:margin-top 20.209 attribute of the next paragraph are ignored, so that the space between the paragraphs is zero, if all of the following conditions hold:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The style:contextual-spacing attribute of both paragraphs has the value true.</li><li>The paragraphs belong to the same content area.</li><li>The text:style-name 19.880 attribute of the paragraphs refer to the same common paragraph style. In case a text:style-name attribute refers to an automatic style, the value of the style:parent-style-name 19.510 attribute of the automatic style is taken for the style comparison. If a paragraph has a conditional style, the value of its text:cond-style-name 19.781 attribute is taken for the style comparison.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:contextual-spacing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:contextual-spacing attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:country-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:country-asian attribute specifies the country of a text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It may be ignored if it is not specified together with a style:language-asian 20.302 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:country-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:country-asian attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:country-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:country-complex attribute specifies the country of a text. See §7.9.1 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It may be ignored if it is not specified together with a style:language-complex 20.303 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:country-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:country-complex attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:decimal-places</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:decimal-places attribute specifies the maximum number of decimal places that are displayed if numbers are formatted by a data style that has no setting for number of decimal places itself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is only evaluated if it is contained in a default style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:decimal-places attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:diagonal-bl-tr</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:diagonal-bl-tr attribute specifies the style of border to use for a bottom-left to top-right diagonal in a spreadsheet cell. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:diagonal-bl-tr attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:diagonal-bl-tr attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths attribute specifies the width between a double line border to use for a bottom-left to top-right diagonal in a spreadsheet cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:diagonal-tl-br</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:diagonal-tl-br attribute specifies the style of border to use for a left-top to bottom-right diagonal in a spreadsheet cell. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:diagonal-tl-br attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:diagonal-tl-br attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:diagonal-tl-br-widths</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:diagonal-tl-br-widths attribute specifies the width between a double line border to use for a top-left to bottom-right diagonal in a spreadsheet cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:diagonal-tl-br-widths attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:diagonal-tl-br-widths attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:direction attribute specifies the direction of characters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:direction attribute modifies the direction of text rendering as specified by a style:writing-mode attribute. 20.404 </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:direction attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>ltr – left to right, text is rendered in the direction specified by the style:writing-mode attribute </li><li>ttb – top to bottom, characters are vertically stacked but not rotated</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:direction attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:direction attribute are ltr or ttb.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:dynamic-spacing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:dynamic-spacing attribute specifies whether the header or footer grows into the space between the page body and the header or footer before the height of the page body becomes smaller. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:dynamic-spacing attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: header or footers do not grow into the space between the header and footer and the page body.</li><li>true: header or footers first grow into the space between the header and footer and the page body.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:dynamic-spacing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:dynamic-spacing attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:editable</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:editable attribute specifies if a text section or box can be edited within a read-only document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:editable attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text section or box in read-only document should not be editable.</li><li>true: text section or box in read-only document should be editable.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:editable attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:editable attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:first-page-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:first-page-number attribute specifies the number of a document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute can be an integer or continue. If the value is continue, the page number is the preceding page number incremented by 1. The default first page number is 1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:first-page-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:first-page-number attribute are a value of type positiveInteger 18.2 or continue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:flow-with-text</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:flow-with-text attribute specifies whether a drawing shape flows with the text of its layout environment or not. The layout environment of a drawing shape is determined by the location of its anchor. The following layout environments are defined:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>endnote area - anchor is inside an endnote.</li><li>footnote area - anchor is inside a footnote.</li><li>frame area - anchor is inside a frame or is a frame.</li><li>page footer area - anchor is inside the page footer.</li><li>page header area - anchor is inside the page header.</li><li>page text area - anchor is inside body text.</li><li>table cell area - anchor is inside a table cell.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The innermost enclosing area of the anchor defines the layout environment of the drawing shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the attribute is true, the following conditions shall hold:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The drawing shape flows with the text of its layout environment.</li><li>The drawing shape does not leave its layout environment in the either text flow direction.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When a drawing shape leaves its layout environment due to its position and/or size in the forward text flow direction, it flows with the text flow to the next layout environment. If there is no next layout environment, the position of the layout environment is adjusted. If the drawing shape is larger than its layout environment, the size of the layout environment is adjusted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If due to its position a drawing shape would leave its layout environment in the backward text flow direction, the position is adjusted to the beginning of its layout environment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A drawing object may leave its layout environment in the other (non text flow) directions. Exceptions from this rule are the layout environments table cell area and frame area. For these layout environments it shall be ensured that the drawing shape is laid out inside its layout environment by adjusting the position and (if necessary) the size.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of the attribute is false, the drawing shape does not have to flow with the text of its layout environment. It can be laid out anywhere on the page its anchor is on.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is not applicable to drawing shapes that are anchored with text:anchor-type=&quot;as-char&quot; 20.418, because such drawing shapes are treated as characters. For drawing shapes, which are anchored to a specific page with text:anchor-type=&quot;page&quot;, the attribute is also not applicable, because such drawing shapes are to be laid out on the page they are anchored to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:flow-with-text attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:flow-with-text attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-charset</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset attribute specifies whether a font defines glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE] or not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of [XML1.0]. If the value is x-symbol, the font does not define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. If the value is one of the encodings or transformations of [UNICODE], the font does define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. The use of other values is deprecated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define glyphs for code points in the private use area of [UNICODE]</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no fo:font-family attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset attribute has the data type textEncoding 18.3.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-charset-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset-asian attribute specifies whether a font defines glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE] or not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of [XML1.0]. If the value is x-symbol, the font does not define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. If the value is one of the encodings or transformations of [UNICODE], the font does define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. The use of other values is deprecated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define glyphs for code points in the private use area of [UNICODE]</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no style:font-family-asian 20.271 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-asian 20.278 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset-asian attribute has the data type textEncoding 18.3.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-charset-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset-complex attribute specifies whether a font defines glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE] or not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of [XML1.0]. If the value is x-symbol, the font does not define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. If the value is one of the encodings or transformations of [UNICODE], the font does define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. The use of other values is deprecated.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define glyphs for code points in the private use area of [UNICODE]</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset-complex attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no style:font-family-complex 20.272 attribute attached to the same formatting properties element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-complex 20.279 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-charset-complex attribute has the data type textEncoding 18.3.35.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-family-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-asian attribute specifies the font family for a text. See §7.8.2 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.285</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-asian 20.278 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-asian attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-family-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-complex attribute specifies the font family for a text. See §7.8.2 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-complex 20.279 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-complex attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-family-generic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-generic attribute specifies a generic font family name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name 20.277 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-family-generic attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </li><li>modern: the family of modern fonts. </li><li>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </li><li>script: the family of script fonts. </li><li>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </li><li>system: the family system fonts. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-generic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-family-generic attribute are roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-family-generic-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-generic-asian attribute specifies a generic Asian font family name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-generic-asian attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.285</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-asian 20.278 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-family-generic-asian attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </li><li>modern: the family of modern fonts. </li><li>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </li><li>script: the family of script fonts. </li><li>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </li><li>system: the family system fonts. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-generic-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-family-generic-asian attribute are roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-family-generic-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-generic-complex attribute specifies a generic font family name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-complex 20.279 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-family-generic-complex attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </li><li>modern: the family of modern fonts. </li><li>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </li><li>script: the family of script fonts. </li><li>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </li><li>system: the family system fonts. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-family-generic-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-family-generic-complex attribute are roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-independent-line-spacing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-independent-line-spacing attribute specifies if font independent line spacing is used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-independent-line-spacing attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: font metric of the font is taken into account.</li><li>true: line height is calculated only from the font height as specified by the font size attributes fo:font-size 20.190, style:font-size-asian 20.284 and style:font-size-complex 20.285.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-independent-line-spacing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-independent-line-spacing attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-name attribute specifies a font that is declared by a &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23 element with a style:name 19.502 attribute whose name is the same as that of the style:font-name attribute value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-name-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-name-asian attribute specifies a font that is declared by a &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23 element with a style:name 19.502 attribute whose name is the same as that of the style:font-name-asian attribute value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.285</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-name-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-name-asian attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-name-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-name-complex attribute specifies a font that is declared by a &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23 element with a style:name 19.502 attribute whose name is the same as that of the style:font-name-complex attribute value. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-name-complex attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-name-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-name-complex attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-pitch</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-pitch attribute specifies whether a font has a fixed or variable width.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name 20.277 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-pitch attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fixed: font pitch is fixed.</li><li>variable: font pitch is variable.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-pitch attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-pitch attribute are fixed or variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-pitch-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-pitch-asian attribute specifies whether a font has a fixed or variable width.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-asian 20.189 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-pitch-asian attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fixed: font width is fixed.</li><li>variable: font width is variable.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-pitch-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-pitch-asian attribute are fixed or variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-pitch-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-pitch-complex attribute specifies whether a font has a fixed or variable width.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-complex 20.279 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-pitch-complex attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fixed: font width is fixed.</li><li>variable: font width is variable.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-pitch-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-pitch-complex attribute are fixed or variable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-relief</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-relief attribute specifies whether a font should be embossed, engraved, or neither.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-relief attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>embossed: characters are embossed.</li><li>engraved: characters are engraved.</li><li>none: characters are neither embossed or engraved.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-relief attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-relief attribute are none, embossed or engraved.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-size-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-asian attribute specifies the size of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute is either an absolute length or a percentage as described in §7.8.4 of [XSL]. In contrast to XSL, percentage values can be used within common styles only and are based on the font height of the parent style rather than to the font height of the attributes neighborhood. Absolute font heights and relative font heights are not supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-size-asian attribute are a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-size-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-complex attribute specifies the size of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute is either an absolute length or a percentage as described in §7.8.4 of [XSL]. In contrast to XSL, percentage values can be used within common styles only and are based on the font height of the parent style rather than to the font height of the attributes neighborhood. Absolute font heights and relative font heights are not supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-size-complex attribute are a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-size-rel</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-rel attribute specifies a relative font size change.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute specifies a relative font size change as a length. It cannot be used within automatic styles. This attribute changes the font size based on the font size of the parent style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-rel attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-rel attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-size-rel-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-rel-asian attributes specifies a relative font size change.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute specifies a relative font size change as a length. It cannot be used within automatic styles. This attribute changes the font size based on the font size of the parent style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-rel-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-rel-asian attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-size-rel-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-rel-complex attribute specifies a relative font size change.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-rel-complex attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute specifies a relative font size change as a length. It cannot be used within automatic styles. This attribute changes the font size based on the font size of the parent style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-rel-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-size-rel-complex attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-style-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-asian attribute specifies whether to use normal or italic font face. See §7.8.7 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-style-asian attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>italic: characters displayed in an italic font face.</li><li>normal: characters displayed in normal font face.</li><li>oblique: characters displayed in an oblique font face.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-style-asian attribute are normal, italic or oblique.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-style-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-complex attribute specifies whether to use normal or italic font face. See §7.8.7 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:font-style attribute is evaluated for any other [UNICODE] character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:font-style-complex attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>italic: characters displayed in an italic font face.</li><li>normal: characters displayed in normal font face.</li><li>oblique: characters displayed in an oblique font face.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-style-complex attribute are normal, italic or oblique.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name attribute specifies a font style name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name 20.277 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-style-name-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name-asian attribute specifies a font style name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name-asian attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-asian 20.278 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name-asian attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-style-name-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name-complex attribute specifies a font style name.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name-complex attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-complex 20.279 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-style-name-complex attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-weight-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-weight-asian attribute specifies the weight of a font. See §7.8.9 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-weight-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-weight-asian attribute are normal, bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:font-weight-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-weight-complex attributes specify the weight of a font. See §7.8.9 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The fo:font-weight 20.193 attribute is evaluated for any other [UNICODE] character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:font-weight-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:font-weight-complex attribute are normal, bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:footnote-max-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:footnote-max-height attribute specifies the maximum amount of space on a page that a footnote can occupy. The value of the attribute is a length, which determines the maximum height of a footnote area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the value of this attribute is set to 0cm, there is no limit to the amount of space that the footnote can occupy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:footnote-max-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:footnote-max-height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:glyph-orientation-vertical</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:glyph-orientation-vertical attribute specifies a vertical glyph orientation. See §10.7.3 of [SVG]. The attribute specifies an angle or automatic mode. The only defined angle is 0 degrees, which disables this feature.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: OpenDocument v1.1 did not support angle specifications that contain an angle unit identifier. Angle unit identifiers should be omitted for compatibility with OpenDocument v1.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:glyph-orientation-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:glyph-orientation-vertical attribute are auto, 0, 0deg, 0rad or 0grad.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:horizontal-pos</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:horizontal-pos attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of a frame in relation to an area specified by the style:horizontal-rel 20.299 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:horizontal-pos attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>center: horizontal alignment of a frame should be centered relative to the specified area.</li><li>from-inside: on pages with an odd page number the left edge of the specific area is taken as the horizontal alignment of a frame. On pages with an even page number the right edge of the specified area is taken. Attribute svg:x 19.577 associated with the frame element specifies the horizontal position of the frame from the edge which is taken. </li><li>from-left: the svg:x attribute associated with the frame element specifies the horizontal position of the frame from the left edge of the specified area.</li><li>inside: on pages with an odd page number the horizontal alignment of a frame is the same as for the attribute value left. On pages with an even page number the horizontal alignment of a frame is the same as for the attribute value right. </li><li>left: horizontal alignment of a frame should be left aligned relative to the specified area.</li><li>outside: on pages with an odd page number the horizontal alignment of a frame is the same as for the attribute value right. On pages with an even page number the horizontal alignment of a frame is the same as for the attribute value left. </li><li>right: horizontal alignment of a frame should be right aligned relative to the specified area.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the attribute value is not from-left and not from-inside, the svg:x attribute associated with the frame element is ignored for text documents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Tables 19 and 20 display the defined combinations of values of the attributes style:horizontal-pos and style:horizontal-rel 20.299. The values of these alignment attributes are listed in the first column on the left, and an alignment attribute value/anchor type value match is indicated by an X.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 19 - Horizontal position values</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Value of style:horizontal-pos</p></th><th colspan="5"><table><tbody><tr><td colspan="5"><p>Value of text:anchor-type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>frame</p></td><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td><p>char</p></td><td><p>as-char</p></td></tr></tbody></table></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>any</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 20 - Horizontal relation values</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Value of style:horizontal-rel</p></th><th colspan="5"><table><tbody><tr><td colspan="5"><p>Value of text:anchor-type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>frame</p></td><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td><p>char</p></td><td><p>as-char</p></td></tr></tbody></table></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>char</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>frame</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>frame-content</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>frame-end-margin</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>frame-start-margin</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>page-content</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>page-end-margin</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>page-start-margin</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>paragraph-content</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>paragraph-end-margin</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>paragraph-start-margin</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:horizontal-pos attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:horizontal-pos attribute are left, center, right, from-left, inside, outside or from-inside.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:horizontal-rel</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:horizontal-rel attribute specifies the area against which the horizontal position of a frame is positioned. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value start-margin determines the left margin, except when the horizontal position is from-inside, inside or outside and the anchor for the frame is on a page with an even page number, in which case it determines the right margin. The value end-margin determines the opposite margin to the start-margin values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:horizontal-rel attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>char: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a character. </li><li>page: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a page. </li><li>page-content: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to page-content. </li><li>page-start-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a page start margin. </li><li>page-end-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a page end margin. </li><li>frame: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to another frame. </li><li>frame-content: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to frame content. </li><li>frame-end-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a frame end margin. </li><li>frame-start-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a frame start margin </li><li>paragraph: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a paragraph. </li><li>paragraph-content: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to paragraph content. </li><li>paragraph-end-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a paragraph end margin. </li><li>paragraph-start-margin:horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a paragraph start margin. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:horizontal-rel attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:horizontal-rel attribute are page, page-content, page-start-margin, page-end-margin, frame, frame-content, frame-start-margin, frame-end-margin, paragraph, paragraph-content, paragraph-start-margin, paragraph-end-margin or char.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:join-border</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:join-border property specifies whether a border for one paragraph is to be extended around the following paragraph. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In addition to the value of this attribute, joining of borders requires meeting these conditions:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Values of attributes fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4 and fo:border-right 20.183.5 are the same. These values can also be given by the fo:border 20.183.2 attribute.</li><li>Values of attributes style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250 and style:border-line-width-right 20.251 are the same. These values can also be given by the style:border-line-width 20.248 attribute.</li><li>Values of attributes fo:padding-left 20.219 and fo:padding-right 20.220 are the same. These values can also be given by the fo:padding 20.217 attribute.</li><li>Values of the fo:margin-right 20.208 attributes are the same. These values can also be given by the fo:margin 20.205 attribute.</li><li>Values of the fo:margin-left 20.207 attribute, which can also be given by the fo:margin, and fo:text-indent 19.246 attributes, that meet one of these conditions:<ul><li>All values are the same.</li><li>Values of the fo:margin-left attributes are the same and values of the fo:text-indent attributes are non-negative.</li><li>Value of the fo:margin-left attribute of one paragraph whose value of the fo:text-indent attribute is non-negative is the same as the sum of values of the fo:margin-left and fo:text-indent attributes of the other paragraph whose value of the fo:text-indent attribute is negative.</li><li>Both values of the fo:text-indent attributes are negative and the sums of values of the fo:margin-left and fo:text-indent attributes are equal.</li></ul></li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value of this attribute is true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:join-border attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: borders should not be joined.</li><li>true: borders should be joined.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:join-border attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:join-border attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:justify-single-word</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:justify-single-word attribute specifies whether a single word should be justified when the last line in a paragraph is justified.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Specifying a style:justify-single-word attribute without specifying a fo:text-align 20.223 and fo:text-align-last 20.224 attribute has no effect. Unspecified, both fo:text-align and fo:text-align-last have the value start.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:justify-single-word attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: single word should not be justified when the last line in a paragraph is justified.</li><li>true: single word should be justified when last line in a paragraph is justified.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:justify-single-word attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:justify-single-word attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:language-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:language-asian attribute specifies the language of a text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a style:country-asian 20.256 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:language-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:language-asian attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:language-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:language-complex attribute specifies the language of a text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:language-asian attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a style:country-complex 20.257 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:language-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:language-complex attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-base-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-height attribute specifies the height reserved in layout grid lines for non-ruby text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-base-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-width attribute specifies a grid&#039;s base width. This attribute is only evaluated if style:layout-grid-standard-mode 20.314 attribute has the value true. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-color attribute specifies the color of layout grid border lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-display</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-display attribute specifies whether layout grid border lines are displayed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: layout grid border lines should not be displayed.</li><li>true: layout grid border lines should be displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-display attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-lines attribute specifies the number of layout grid lines per page. The number of lines displayed may be smaller than specified if the page does not have space to display the specified number of lines with the specified line height.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-lines attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-mode attribute enables Asian layout grids.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>both: like lines, except that the lines are divided into rectangular layout cells. The calculation of layout cells depends on the style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute. Within a layout cell, no more than one Asian [UNICODE] character is displayed. An Asian character that does not fit into a single layout cell is displayed centered into as many layout cells as required. Non Asian text is centered within as many cells as required.</li><li>lines: enables a line layout, this is, the page is divided in a fixed number of lines. The exact number of lines depends on the other layout grid formatting properties. There is no space between the layout grid lines. The layout grid itself is centered on the page.</li><li>none: disables the layout grid.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:layout-grid-mode attribute are none, line or both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-print</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-print attribute specifies whether layout grid border lines are printed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-print attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: layout grid border lines should not be printed.</li><li>true: layout grid border lines should be printed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-print attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-print attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-ruby-below</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-below attribute specifies whether ruby text is displayed above or below the base text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-ruby-below attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: ruby text should be displayed above the base text.</li><li>true: ruby text should be displayed below the base text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-below attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-below attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-ruby-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-height attribute specifies the height reserved in layout grid lines for ruby text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-height attribute appears on a &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2 element only if a style:layout-grid-standard-mode 20.314 attribute, with the value false, appears on the same &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-snap-to</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-snap-to attribute specifies whether the text is snapped to the grid or not. It is evaluated only if the style:layout-grid-mode 20.309 attribute has the value both and the style:layout-grid-standard-mode 20.314 attribute has the value true.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-snap-to attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text should not be snapped to grid.</li><li>true: text should be snapped to grid.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-snap-to attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-snap-to attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute specifies how the rectangular grid cells are calculated if the style:layout-grid-mode 20.309 attribute has the value both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute can only be used in the default page layout. If the style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute appears inside a &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5 element it shall be ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the page is divided in a fixed number of lines, and the lines are divided into square cells. The number of cells per grid line depends on the line height, where the line height is the sum of the base height and the ruby height as specified by the style:layout-grid-base-height 20.304 and style:layout-grid-ruby-height 20.312 attributes.</li><li>true: the page is divided into a fixed numbers of lines, and the lines are divided into rectangular cells. The line height is specified by the style:layout-grid-base-height attribute, and the cell width is specified by style:layout-grid-base-width 20.305 attribute. The number of cells per line depends on the grid base width. This mode is also called <em>standard paper mode</em>. The style:layout-grid-ruby-height attribute is ignored in this mode.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:line-break</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:line-break attribute specifies line breaking rules. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:line-break attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>normal: line breaks may occur between any characters.</li><li>strict: line breaks shall not occur before or after implementation-defined characters. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:line-break attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:line-break attribute are normal or strict.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:letter-kerning</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:letter-kerning attribute specifies whether kerning between characters is enabled or disabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:letter-kerning attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: kerning between letters should be disabled.</li><li>true: kerning between letters should be enabled.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:letter-kerning attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:letter-kerning attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:line-height-at-least</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:line-height-at-least attribute specifies a minimum line height. The value of this attribute is a length.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The effect of this attribute is disabled when fo:line-height 20.204 has the value of normal. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:line-height-at-least attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:line-height-at-least attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:line-spacing</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:line-spacing attribute specifies a fixed distance between two lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The effect of this attribute is disabled when fo:line-height 20.204 has the value of normal. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:line-spacing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:line-spacing attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:may-break-between-rows</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:may-break-between-rows attribute specifies that a page break may occur inside a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:may-break-between-rows attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: page break shall not occur inside a table.</li><li>true: page break may occur inside a table.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:may-break-between-rows attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:may-break-between-rows attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:min-row-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:min-row-height attribute specifies a fixed minimum height for a row.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:min-row-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:min-row-height attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:mirror</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:mirror attribute specifies whether an image is mirrored before it is displayed. The mirroring can be vertical or horizontal or both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:mirror attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none: image should not be mirrored before being displayed.</li><li>horizontal: image should be mirrored horizontally before being displayed.</li><li>horizontal-on-even: image should be mirrored horizontally on even numbered pages before being displayed.</li><li>horizontal-on-odd: image should be mirrored horizontally on odd numbered pages before being displayed.</li><li>vertical: image should be mirrored vertically before being displayed. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value vertical and the horizontal values can be specified together, separated by a white space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:mirror attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:mirror attribute are none, vertical, or two white space separated values, that may appear in any order. One of these values is always vertical. The other value is one of: horizontal, horizontal-on-odd or horizontal-on-even.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:num-format</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-format attribute specifies a numbering sequence. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If no value is given, no number sequence is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:num-format attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>1: number sequence starts with “1”.</li><li>a: number sequence starts with “a”.</li><li>A: number sequence starts with “A”.</li><li>empty string: no number sequence displayed.</li><li>i: number sequence starts with “i”.</li><li>I: number sequence start with “I”.</li><li>a value of type string 18.2</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-format attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:num-format attribute are 1, i, I, a value of type string 18.2, an empty string, a or A.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:num-letter-sync</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute specifies whether letter synchronization shall take place. If letters are used in alphabetical order for numbering, there are two ways to process overflows within a digit, as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: A new digit is inserted that always has the same value as the following digit. The numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in that case is a, b, c, ..., z, aa, bb, cc, ..., zz, aaa, ..., and so on.</li><li>true: A new digit is inserted. Its start value is ”a” or ”A”, and it is incremented every time an overflow occurs in the following digit. The numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in that case is a,b,c, ..., z, aa, ab, ac, ...,az, ba, ..., and so on. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:num-prefix</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute specifies what to display before a number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the style:num-prefix and style:num-suffix 19.507 values do not contain any character that has a [UNICODE] category of Nd, Nl, No, Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an [XSLT] format attribute can be created from the OpenDocument attributes by concatenating the values of the style:num-prefix, style:num-format 19.504, and style:num-suffix 19.507 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute can also specify a character before the value of a text:bullet-char 19.765 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:num-suffix</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-prefix and style:num-suffix style:num-suffix attributes specify what to display before and after a number.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the style:num-prefix and style:num-suffix values do not contain any character that has a [UNICODE] category of Nd, Nl, No, Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an [XSLT] format attribute can be created from the OpenDocument attributes by concatenating the values of the style:num-prefix, style:num-format 19.504, and style:num-suffix 19.507 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute can also specify a character after the value of a text:bullet-char 19.765 attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:number-wrapped-paragraphs</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:number-wrapped-paragraphs attribute specifies the number of paragraphs that can wrap around a frame if the anchor position of a frame or drawing shape is a paragraph or a character, and the wrap mode specified by the style:wrap 20.400 attribute is left, right, parallel, or dynamic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is only recognized in frames or styles that have a style:wrap attribute attached with a value of left, right, parallel, or dynamic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:number-wrapped-paragraphs attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>no-limit: there is no limit on the number of paragraphs that may wrap around a frame.</li><li>a value of type positiveInteger</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:number-wrapped-paragraphs attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:number-wrapped-paragraphs attribute are no-limit or a value of type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:overflow-behavior</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:overflow-behavior attribute specifies the behavior of text boxes where the containing text does not fit into a text box. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the style:overflow-behavior attribute value is auto-create-new-frame and the text box has a minimum width or height specified the text box will grow as long as there is space left on the page. If no space is left, a new frame will be created on the next page, with the same position and dimensions of the original frame.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:overflow-behavior attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>clip: text that does not fit into a text box is not displayed.</li><li>auto-create-new-frame: a new frame will be created on the next page, with the same position and dimensions of the original frame.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:overflow-behavior attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:overflow-behavior attribute are clip or auto-create-new-frame.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:page-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:page-number attribute specifies the page number that should be used for a new page when either a paragraph or table style specifies a master page that should be applied beginning from the start of a paragraph or table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:page-number attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: a page has the page number of the previous page, incremented by one.</li><li>a value of type nonNegativeInteger 18.2: specifies a page number. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:page-number attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:page-number attribute are a value of type nonNegativeInteger 18.2 or auto.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:paper-tray-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:paper-tray-name attribute specifies the paper tray to use when printing a document. The names assigned to the paper trays depends upon the printer. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:paper-tray-name attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>default: the default tray specified by printer configuration settings.</li><li>a value of type string 18.2</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:paper-tray-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:paper-tray-name attribute are default or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:print</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print attribute specifies the components in a spreadsheet document to print.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the style:print attribute is a white space separated list of one or more of these values: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>annotations: annotations should be printed.</li><li>charts: charts should be printed.</li><li>drawings: drawings should be printed.</li><li>formulas: formulas should be printed.</li><li>grid: grid lines should be printed.</li><li>headers: headers should be printed.</li><li>objects: (including graphics): objects should be printed.</li><li>zero-values: zero-values should be printed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of the style:print attribute is a white space separated lists of one of these values: headers, grid, annotations, objects, charts, drawings, formulas, or zero-values, including the empty list.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:print-content</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-content attribute specifies if content is printed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-content attribute specifies if frame content is printed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-content attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-content attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-content attribute specifies if cell content is printed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-content attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-content attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:print-page-order</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-page-order attribute specifies the order in which data in a spreadsheet is numbered and printed when the data does not fit on one printed page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:print-page-order attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>ltr: create pages from the first column to the last column before continuing with the next set of rows. </li><li>ttb: create pages from the top row to the bottom row before continuing with the next set of columns.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-page-order attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:print-page-order attribute are ttb or ltr.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:print-orientation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-orientation attribute specifies the orientation of the printed page. The value of this attribute can be portrait or landscape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:print-orientation attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>landscape: a page is printed in landscape orientation.</li><li>portrait: a page is printed in portrait orientation.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:print-orientation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:print-orientation attribute are portrait or landscape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:protect</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:protect attribute specifies the protection of content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:protect attribute specifies whether the content, size, or position of a frame is protected. The value of this attribute can be either none or a white space separated list that consists of any of the values content, position, or size.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:protect attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>content: content of a frame should be protected from editing.</li><li>none: the content, size and position of a frame should be subject to editing.</li><li>position: the position of a frame should be protected from editing.</li><li>size: the size of a frame should be protected from editing.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:protect attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:protect attribute are none, or white space separated non-empty lists of one of these values: content, position, or size..</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:protect attribute specifies that sections should not be changed. The user interface should prevent the user from manually making any changes. The style:protect attribute should be set to true by default for linked sections or indexes. Removing the protection from linked sections or indexes leaves them unprotected from editing, but any edits will be over-written by updates to those sections.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:protect attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: sections should not be protected from editing.</li><li>true: sections should be protected from editing.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:protect attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:protect attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:punctuation-wrap</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:punctuation-wrap attribute specifies whether a punctuation mark, if one is present, can be hanging, that is, whether it can placed in the margin area at the end of a full line of text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:punctuation-wrap attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>hanging: a punctuation mark can be placed in the margin area at the end of a full line of text.</li><li>simple: a punctuation mark cannot be placed in the margin area at the end of a full line of text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:punctuation-wrap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:punctuation-wrap attribute are simple or hanging.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:register-true</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:register-true attribute specifies whether the lines on both sides of a printed page align. The text baselines of text in page columns or text box columns also align.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:register-true attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: lines on both sides of a printed text need not align.</li><li>true: lines on both sides of a printed text should align.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:register-true attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:register-true attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:register-truth-ref-style-name</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:register-truth-ref-style-name attribute specifies a paragraph style. The line distance specified of the paragraph style is used as the reference line distance for all paragraphs that have the register-truth feature enabled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:register-truth-ref-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:register-truth-ref-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rel-column-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-column-width attribute specifies a relative width of a column with a number value, followed by a ”*” (U+002A, ASTERISK) character. If <em>r</em>c is the relative with of the column, <em>r</em>s the sum of all relative columns widths, and <em>w</em>s the absolute width that is available for these columns the absolute width <em>w</em>c of the column is <em>w</em>c<em>=r</em>c<em>w</em>s<em>/r</em>s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-column-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-column-width attribute has the data type relativeLength 18.3.27.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rel-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-height attribute specifies the height of a drawing object as a relative value within a frame. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:rel-width attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>scale: the height should be calculated depending on the width, so that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size is preserved.</li><li>scale-min:the height should be calculated as for value scale, but the calculated height is a minimum height rather than an absolute one.</li><li>a value of type percent 18.3.23.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The interpretation of relative values depends on the anchor of the drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, the percentage values is relative to the width of the page or window.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width and heights, producers should also provide the height in svg:height 19.543 and fo:min-height 19.240 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:rel-height attribute are a value of type percent 18.3.23, scale or scale-min.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rel-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies the relative width of a drawing object. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:rel-width attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>scale: the width should be calculated depending on the height, so that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size is preserved.</li><li>scale-min: the width should be calculated as for value scale, but the calculated width is a minimum width rather than an absolute one.</li><li>a value of type percent 18.3.23.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The interpretation of the percent value depends on the anchor of the drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell, the percent value of the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value of the surrounding text box. In all other cases, the percent value of the containing page or window</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width, producers should also provide the width in a svg:width 19.575 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:rel-width attribute are a value of type percent 18.3.23, scale or scale-min.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies the width of a table relative to the width of the area that the table is in.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rel-width attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:repeat</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:repeat attribute specifies if an image can be repeated or stretched over an area. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:repeat attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>no-repeat: image should not be repeated.</li><li>repeat: image should be repeated.</li><li>stretch: image should be stretched over an area.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:repeat attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:repeat attribute are no-repeat, repeat or stretch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:repeat-content</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:repeat-content attribute specifies whether text content of a cell is displayed as many times as there is space left in the cell&#039;s writing direction. The attribute has no effect for cell content that contains a line break.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:repeat-content attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text content of a cell should not be displayed as many times as there is space left in the cell&#039;s writing direction.</li><li>true: text content of a cell should be displayed as many times as there is space left in the cell&#039;s writing direction.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:repeat-content attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:repeat-content attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the fo:language 20.202, fo:script 20.222 and fo:country 20.188 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don&#039;t support the style:rfc-language-tag attribute by specifying fo:language, fo:script and fo:country attributes with values that are implementation-dependent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] characters that are not of type asian or complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rfc-language-tag-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-asian attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the style:language-asian 20.302, style:script-asian 20.356 and style:country-asian 20.256 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don&#039;t support the style:rfc-language-tag-asian attribute by specifying style:language-asian, style:script-asian and style:country-asian attributes with values that are implementation-dependent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters that are of type asian. 20.358.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-asian attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rfc-language-tag-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-complex attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the style:language-complex 20.303, style:script-complex 20.357 and style:country-complex 20.257 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don&#039;t support the style:rfc-language-tag-complex attribute by specifying style:language-complex, style:script-complex and style:country-complex attributes with values that are implementation-dependent. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters that are of type complex..</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-complex attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rotation-align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rotation-align attribute specifies how the edge of the text in a cell is aligned after a rotation. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:rotation-align attribute are shown in Table 21:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 21 - Rotation align values</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Alignment</p></th><th><p>Text is...</p></th><th><p>Borders and background are...</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>None.</p></td><td><p>Rotated and aligned within the cell. </p></td><td><p>Unchanged.</p></td></tr><tr><td><table><tbody><tr><td><p>Bottom</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Center</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Top</p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><p>Rotated and may overlap with other cells if the text is longer than the length of the cell.</p></td><td><p>Positioned parallel to the text, whereby the edge that is named by the attribute value aligns with the corresponding edge of the cell&#039;s original position. </p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rotation-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:rotation-align attribute are none, bottom, top or center.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:rotation-angle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rotation-angle attribute specifies the rotation angle of content. The attribute value is an angle. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If used with a chart style applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element the attribute specifies the rotation of the axis labels, each tick label is rotated, the axis title is not affected in this case.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If used with a chart style applied to a &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt;11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element the attribute specifies the rotation angle of the according data labels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If used with a chart style applied to a &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1 element the attribute specifies the rotation angle of the title.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rotation-angle attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:rotation-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:row-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:row-height attribute specifies a fixed row height.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:row-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:row-height attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:ruby-align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:ruby-align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of the ruby text in relationship to the ruby base.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:ruby-align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>center: ruby text centered on ruby base text.</li><li>distribute-letter: If the width of the ruby text is smaller than that of the ruby base text, then the ruby text contents are evenly distributed across the width of the ruby base text, with the first and last ruby text glyphs lining up with the corresponding first and last base glyphs. If the width of the ruby text is at least the width of the ruby base text, then the letters of the ruby base text are evenly distributed across the width of the ruby text. </li><li>distribute-space: If the width of the ruby text is smaller than that of the ruby base text, then the ruby text contents are evenly distributed across the width of the ruby base text, with a amount of white space preceding the first and following the last character in the ruby text. That amount of white space is normally equal to half the amount of inter-character space of the ruby text. If the width of the ruby text is at least the width of the ruby base text, then the same type of space distribution applies to the ruby base text. If the base is shorter than the ruby text, the base is distribute-space aligned. </li><li>left: ruby text to the left of ruby base text.</li><li>right: ruby text to the right of ruby base text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:ruby-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; 17.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:ruby-align attribute are left, center, right, distribute-letter or distribute-space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:ruby-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:ruby-position attribute specifies the vertical position of the ruby text in relationship to the ruby base.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:ruby-position attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>above: ruby text should be above ruby base text.</li><li>below: ruby text should be below ruby base text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:ruby-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; 17.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:ruby-position attribute are above or below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:run-through</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:run-through attribute specifies whether content of a frame is displayed in the background or foreground. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:run-through attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>background: frame content is displayed behind a text.</li><li>foreground: frame content is displayed in front of a text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value for this attribute is foreground.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use of this attribute depends upon the presence of a style:wrap 20.400 attribute with the value run-through.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:run-through attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:run-through attribute are foreground or background.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:scale-to</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to attribute specifies that a document is to be scaled to a percentage value. A value of 100% means no scaling. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If style:scale-to, style:scale-to-pages 20.353, style:scale-to-X 20.354 and style:scale-to-Y 20.355 attributes are absent, a document is not scaled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:scale-to-pages</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to-pages attribute specifies the number of pages on which a document should be printed. The document is scaled to fit a specified number of pages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If style:scale-to-pages, style:scale-to 20.352, style:scale-to-X 20.354 and style:scale-to-Y 20.355 attributes are absent, a document is not scaled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to-pages attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to-pages attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2> style:scale-to-X</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to-X attribute specifies the number of pages on which a document should be printed. The document is scaled to fit up to style:scale-to-X pages horizontally. If style:scale-to-X, style:scale-to-Y 20.355, style:scale-to-pages 20.353 and style:scale-to 20.352 are absent, a document is not scaled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to-X attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to-X attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:scale-to-Y</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to-Y attribute specifies the number of pages on which a document should be printed. The document is scaled to fit up to style:scale-to-Y pages vertically. If style:scale-to-Y, style:scale-to-X 20.354, style:scale-to-pages 20.353 and style:scale-to 20.352 are absent, a document is not scaled.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to-Y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:scale-to-Y attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:script-asian</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:script-asian attribute specifies the script code of a text. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a style:language-asian 20.302 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:script-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:script-asian attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:script-complex</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:script-complex attribute specifies the script code of a text. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a style:language-complex 20.303 attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:script-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:script-complex attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:script-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:script-type attribute specifies which script type dependent attributes ( fo:font-family 20.189, style:font-family-asian 20.302, style:font-family-complex 20.303) are currently active for a portion of text. The attribute may be evaluated by consumers that cannot determine the script types of Unicode characters to select the correct script type dependent formatting properties. Consumers that can determine script types of Unicode characters may also evaluate the attribute and overwrite the script type they determine for certain character with the value of the attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The usage of this attribute simplifies transformations from and to [CSS2]/[XSL] and other formats that do not have script-dependent attributes, and also can be used to assign script-types to weak [UNICODE] characters, where consumers may choose different script types.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value ignore can be used only within default styles. If it is set, all script-dependent attributes are applied to all script types. This would mean that a fo:font-family would be applied to all script types as well as a style:font-family-asian or style:font-family-complex. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: Use of the ignore value simplifies saving documents with producers that do not support a script type.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:script-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>asian: all asian script type dependent attributes are active.</li><li>complex: all complex script type dependent attributes are active.</li><li>ignore: all script type dependent attributes are applied to all script types. This is available on default styles only.</li><li>latin: all latin script type dependent attributes are active.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The mapping of Unicode code points to script types is defined by table 22. Consumers should apply this mapping. For Unicode code points for which no mapping is defined, the mapping is implementation-dependent.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 22 - Unicode Code Point to Script Type Mapping</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td><p>Unicode Code Point Ranges</p></td><td><p>Script Type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U+0003..U+001F, U+0021..U+009F, U+00A1..U+04FF, U+0530..U+058F, U+10A0..U+10FF, U+13A0..U+16FF, U+1E00..U+1FFF, U+2C60..U+2C7F, U+2C80..U+2CE3, U+A720..U+A7FF</p></td><td><p>latin</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U+0590..U+074F, U+0780..U+07BF, U+0900..U+109F, U+1200..U+137F, U+1780..U+18AF, U+FB50..U+FDFF, U+FE70..U+FEFF</p></td><td><p>complex</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>U+1100..U+11FF, U+2E80..U+31BF, U+31C0..U+31EF, U+3200..U+4DBF, U+4E00..U+A4CF, U+AC00..U+D7AF, U+F900..U+FAFF, U+FE30..U+FE4F, U+FF00..U+FFEF, U+20000..U+2A6DF, U+2F800..U+2FA1F</p></td><td><p>asian</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:script-type attribute specifies which script type dependent attributes are currently active for a portion of text. The attribute may be evaluated by consumers that do not support script types to select the correct script dependent formatting properties. Consumers that support script types may also evaluate the attribute and overwrite the script type they would evaluate for a specific character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:script-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:script-type attribute are latin, asian, complex or ignore.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:shadow</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:shadow attribute specifies a shadow effect.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for this attribute are those defined in §7.16.5 of [XSL], except the value inherit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The shadow effect is not applied to the text content of an element, but depending on the element where the attribute appears, to a paragraph, a text box, a page body, a header, a footer, a table or a table cell. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:shadow attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:shadow attribute are none or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:shrink-to-fit</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:shrink-to-fit attribute specifies whether content is reduced in size to fit within a cell or drawing object. Shrinking means that the font size of the content is decreased to fit the content into a cell or drawing object. The attribute has no effect on cells where the cell content already fits into the cell.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:shrink-to-fit attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: content should not be reduced in size to fit within a cell or drawing object.</li><li>true: content should be reduced in size to fit within a cell or drawing object.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:shrink-to-fit attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:shrink-to-fit attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:snap-to-layout-grid</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:snap-to-layout-grid attribute specifies whether the layout of a paragraph should consider the layout grid settings of the page where it appears.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:snap-to-layout-grid attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: layout of a paragraph should not consider the layout grid settings of the page where it appears.</li><li>true: layout of a paragraph should consider the layout grid settings of the page where it appears.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:snap-to-layout-grid attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:snap-to-layout-grid attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:tab-stop-distance</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:tab-stop-distance attribute specifies the distance between default tab stops. A default tab stop is repeated automatically after the specified distance. Default tab stops are only evaluated if they are specified within a default style.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:tab-stop-distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:tab-stop-distance attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:table-centering</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:table-centering attribute specifies whether tables are centered horizontally and/or vertically on the page. This attribute only applies to spreadsheet documents.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default is to align the table to the top-left or top-right corner of the page, depending of its writing direction.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:table-centering attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>both: tables should be centered both horizontally and vertically on the pages where they appear.</li><li>horizontal: tables should be centered horizontally on the pages where they appear.</li><li>none: tables should not be centered both horizontally or vertically on the pages where they appear.</li><li>vertical: tables should be centered vertically on the pages where they appear.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:table-centering attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:table-centering attribute are horizontal, vertical, both or none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-align-source</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-align-source attribute specifies the source of a text-align attribute. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-align-source attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fix: content alignment uses the value of the fo:text-align 20.223 attribute.</li><li>value-type: content alignment uses the value-type of the cell.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default alignment for a cell value-type string is left, for other value-types it is right. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-align-source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-align-source attribute are fix or value-type.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-autospace</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-autospace attribute specifies whether to add space between portions of Asian, Western, and complex texts.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-autospace attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>ideograph-alpha: space should be added between portions of Asian, Western and complex texts.</li><li>none: space should not be added between portions of Asian, Western and complex texts.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-autospace attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-autospace attribute are none or ideograph-alpha.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-blinking</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-blinking attribute specifies whether text blinks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-blinking attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text should not blink.</li><li>true: text should blink.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-blinking attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-blinking attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-combine</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-combine attribute specifies whether to combine characters so that they are displayed within two lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-combine attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>letters: Display text in Kumimoji. Up to five (5) characters are combined within two lines and are displayed with a reduced size in a single wide-cell character. Additional characters are displayed as normal text. </li><li>lines: Displays text in Warichu. All characters with the style:text-combine attribute that immediately follow each other are displayed within two lines of approximately the same length. A line break may occur between any two characters to meet this constraint. </li><li>none: characters should not be combined.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-combine attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-combine attribute are none, letters or lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-combine-start-char</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-combine-start-char attribute specifies the start character that is displayed before a portion of text whose style:text-combine 20.367 attribute has a value of lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-combine-start-char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-combine-start-char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-combine-end-char</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-combine-end-char attribute specifies the end character that is displayed after a portion of text whose style:text-combine 20.367 attribute has a value of lines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-combine-end-char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-combine-end-char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-emphasize</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-emphasize attribute specifies emphasis in a text composed of [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The value of this attribute consists of two white space-separated values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The first value represents the style to use for emphasis. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The second value represents the position of the emphasis and it can be above or below. If the first value is none, the second value can be omitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-emphasize attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>accent: calligraphic accent strokes.</li><li>circle: hollow circles.</li><li>disc: filled circles.</li><li>dot: calligraphic dot.</li><li>none: no emphasis marks.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-emphasize attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-emphasize attribute are none, or two white space separated values. The first of these values is one of: none, accent, dot, circle or disc. The second of these values is one of: above or below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-line-through-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-color attribute specifies the color that is used for line-through text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-color attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>font-color: current text color is used for underlining.</li><li>a value of type color 18.3.9</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-line-through-color attribute are font-color or a value of type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-line-through-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-mode attribute specifies whether lining through is applied to words only or to portions of text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>continuous: lining is applied to words and separating spaces.</li><li>skip-white-space: lining is not applied to spaces between words.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-line-through-mode attribute are continuous or skip-white-space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-line-through-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-style attribute specifies a style for rendering a line-through text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-style attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none: text has no line through it. </li><li>dash: text has a dashed line through it. </li><li>dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed by a dash through it.</li><li>dot-dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is two dots followed by a dash through it. </li><li>dotted: text has a dotted line through it. </li><li>long-dash: text has a dashed line whose dashes are longer than the ones from the dashed line for value dash through it. </li><li>solid: text has a solid line through it. </li><li>wave: text has a wavy line through it. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the style:text-line-through-style attribute are based on the text decoration style &#039;text-line-through-style&#039; from [CSS3Text], §9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-line-through-style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-line-through-text</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-text attribute specifies a text that is used for line-through. The attribute will be evaluated only if the value of style:text-line-through-style 20.373 attribute is different than none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the attribute value is not empty, the attribute value string is used for line-through instead of the line style that has been specified by the style:text-line-through-style attribute. Consumers that do not support line-through with text should ignore the attribute, and should use the line style specified by the style:text-line-through-style attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Consumers that support line-through with single characters only, should use the first character of the value for line-through, if the style:text-line-through-text attribute value has more than one character. Consumers that support line-through with specific characters only (like ”x” or ”/” (U+002F, SOLIDUS) should use one of these characters if the attribute specifies characters that are not supported.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-text attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-text attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-line-through-text-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-text-style specifies a text style that is applied to text-line-through characters. It is not applied to line-through lines. If the attribute appears in an automatic style, it may reference either an automatic text style or a common style. If the attribute appears in a common style, it may reference a common style only.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-text-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-text-style attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-line-through-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-type attribute specifies whether text is lined through, and if so, whether a single or double line will be used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>double: a double line should be used for a line-through text.</li><li>none: deprecated.</li><li>single: a single line should be used for a line-through text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Every occurrence of the style:text-line-through-type attribute should be accompanied by an occurrence of the style:text-line-through-style 20.373 attribute on the same element. There should not be an occurrence of the style:text-line-through-type attribute if the value of the style:text-line-through-style attribute is none. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-line-through-type attribute are none, single or double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-line-through-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-width attribute specifies the width of a line-through line. The value bold specifies a line width that is calculated from the font sizes like an auto width, but is wider than an auto width.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-width attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: the width of a line-through should be calculated from the font size of the text where the line-through will appear. </li><li>bold: the width of a line-through should be calculated from the font size of the text where the line-through will appear but is wider than for the value of auto. </li><li>a value of type percent 18.3.23</li><li>a value of type positiveInteger 18.2</li><li>a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The line-through text styles referenced by the values dash, medium, thick and thin, are implementation-defined. Thin shall be smaller width than medium and medium shall be a smaller width than thick. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-line-through-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-line-through-width attribute are auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type positiveInteger 18.2, a value of type percent 18.3.23 or a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-outline</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-outline attribute specifies whether to display an outline of text or the text itself. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-outline attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text itself should be displayed.</li><li>true: outline of text should be displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-outline attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-outline attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-overline-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-overline-color attribute specifies a color that is used to overline text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-overline-color attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>font-color: the current text color is used for overlining.</li><li>a value of type color</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-overline-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-overline-color attribute are font-color or a value of type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-overline-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-overline-mode attribute specifies whether overlining is applied to words only or to portions of text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>continuous: overlining is applied to words and separating spaces.</li><li>skip-white-space: overlining is not applied to spaces between words.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-overline-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-overline-mode attribute are continuous or skip-white-space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-overline-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-overline-style attribute specifies a style for rendering a line over text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-overline-style attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none: text has no overlining. </li><li>dash: text has a dashed line overlining it. </li><li>dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed by a dash overlining it. </li><li>dot-dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is two dots followed by a dash overlining it. </li><li>dotted: text has a dotted line overlining it. </li><li>long-dash: text has a dashed line whose dashes are longer than the ones from the dashed line for value dash overlining it. </li><li>solid: text has a solid line overlining it. </li><li>wave: text has a wavy line overlining it.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the style:text-overline-style attribute are based on the text decoration style &#039;text-overline-style&#039; from [CSS3Text], §9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-overline-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-overline-style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-overline-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-overline-type attribute specifies the type of overlining applied to a text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-overline-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>double: a double line should be used for overlining text.</li><li>none: deprecated.</li><li>single: a single line should be used for overlining text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Every occurrence of the style:text-overline-type attribute should be accompanied by an occurrence of the style:text-overline-style 20.381 attribute on the same element. There should not be an occurrence of the style:text-overline-type attribute if the value of the style:text-overline-style attribute is none. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-overline-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-overline-type attribute are none, single or double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-overline-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-overline-width attribute specifies the width of an overline. The value bold specifies a line width that is calculated from the font sizes like an auto width, but is wider than an auto width.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-overline-width attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: the width of an overline should be calculated from the font size of the text where the overline will appear. </li><li>bold: the width of an overline should be calculated from the font size of the text where the overline will appear but is wider than for the value of auto.</li><li>a value of type percent 18.3.23</li><li>a value of type positiveInteger 18.2</li><li>a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The overline text styles referenced by the values dash, medium, thick and thin, are implementation-defined. Thin shall be smaller width than medium and medium shall be a smaller width than thick. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-overline-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-overline-width attribute are auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type positiveInteger 18.2, a value of type percent 18.3.23 or a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-position</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-position attribute specifies whether text is positioned above or below the baseline and to specify the relative font height that is used for this text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute can have one or two values.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The first value shall be present and specifies the vertical text position as a percentage of the current font height or it takes one of the values sub or super. Negative percentages or the sub value place the text below the baseline. Positive percentages or the super value place the text above the baseline. If sub or super is specified, the consumer chooses an appropriate text position.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The second value may be present and specifies the font height as a percentage of the current font-height. If this value is not specified, an appropriate font height is used. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-position attribute has one or two white space separated values. The first values is of type percent 18.3.23, or is one of: super or sub. The second value is of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-rotation-angle</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-rotation-angle attribute specifies an angle to which text is rotated. The value of this attribute can be any integer, which specifies the rotation angle in degrees, or an angle as specified in angle. 18.3.1</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If more than one character is selected, the entire selection is rotated as a block.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-rotation-angle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-rotation-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-rotation-scale</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-rotation-scale attribute specifies whether for rotated text the width of the text should be scaled to fit into the current line height or the width of the text should remain fixed, therefore changing the current line height.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-rotation-scale attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>fixed: width of text should remain fixed.</li><li>line-height: width of text should be scaled to fit the current line height.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-rotation-scale attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-rotation-scale attribute are fixed or line-height.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-scale</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-scale attribute specifies whether to decrease or increase the width of text by scaling the font width.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-scale attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-scale attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-underline-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-underline-color attribute specifies a color that is used to underline text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-underline-color attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>font-color: the current text color is used for underlining.</li><li>a value of type color: the color to be used for underlining.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-underline-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-underline-color attribute are font-color or a value of type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-underline-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-underline-mode attribute specifies whether underlining is applied to words only or to portions of text. If underlining is applied to text portions, the spaces between words and the words are underlined. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-underline-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>continuous: underlining is applied to words and separating spaces.</li><li>skip-white-space: underlining is not applied to spaces between words.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-underline-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-underline-mode attribute are continuous or skip-white-space.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-underline-style</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-underline-style attribute specifies a style for underlining text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-underline-style attribute are: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>none: text has no underlining. </li><li>dash: text has a dashed line underlining it. </li><li>dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed by a dash underlining it.</li><li>dot-dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is two dots followed by a dash underlining it. </li><li>dotted: text has a dotted line underlining it. </li><li>long-dash: text has a dashed line whose dashes are longer than the ones from the dashed line for value dash underlining it. </li><li>solid: text has a solid line underlining it. </li><li>wave: text has a wavy line underlining it. </li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the style:text-underline-style attribute are based on the text decoration style &#039;text-underline-style&#039; from [CSS3Text], §9.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-underline-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-underline-style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-underline-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-underline-type attribute specifies the type of underlining applied to a text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-underline-type attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>double: a double line should be used for underlining applied to a text.</li><li>none: deprecated.</li><li>single: a single line should be used for underlining applied to a text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Every occurrence of the style:text-underline-type attribute should be accompanied by an occurrence of the style:text-underline-style 20.390 attribute on the same element. There should not be an occurrence of the style:text-underline-type attribute if the value of the style:text-underline-style attribute is none. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-underline-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-underline-type attribute are none, single or double.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:text-underline-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-underline-width attribute specifies the width of an underline. The value bold specifies a line width that is calculated from the font sizes like an auto width, but is wider than an auto width.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:text-underline-width attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: the width of an underline should be calculated from the font size of the text where the underline will appear. </li><li>bold: the width of an underline should be calculated from the font size of the text where the underline will appear but is wider than for the value of auto.</li><li>a value of type percent 18.3.23.</li><li>a value of type positiveInteger 18.2.</li><li>a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The underline text styles referenced by the values dash, medium, thick and thin, are implementation-defined. Thin shall be smaller width than medium and medium shall be a smaller width than thick. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:text-underline-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:text-underline-width attribute are auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type positiveInteger 18.2, a value of type percent 18.3.23 or a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:use-optimal-column-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:use-optimal-column-width attribute specifies that a column width should be recalculated automatically if content in the column changes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:use-optimal-column-width attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: column width should not be recalculated automatically if content in the column changes.</li><li>true: column width should be recalculated automatically if content in the column changes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:use-optimal-column-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:use-optimal-column-width attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:use-optimal-row-height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:use-optimal-row-height attribute specifies that a row height should be recalculated automatically if content in the row changes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:use-optimal-row-height attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: row height should not be recalculated automatically if content in the row changes.</li><li>true: row height should be recalculated automatically if content in the row changes.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:use-optimal-row-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:use-optimal-row-height attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:use-window-font-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:use-window-font-color attribute specifies whether the window foreground color should be used as the foreground color for a light background color and white for a dark background color. The determination of light or dark color is implementation-defined.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:use-window-font-color attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: the foreground color is specified by the fo:color attribute. </li><li>true: windows foreground color should be used as the foreground color for a light background color and white for a dark background color.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:use-window-font-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:use-window-font-color attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:vertical-align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute specifies the vertical position of a character. By default characters are aligned according to their baseline. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:vertical-align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>auto: automatically, which sets the vertical alignment to suit the text rotation. Text that is rotated 0 or 90 degrees is aligned to the baseline, while text that is rotated 270 degrees is aligned to the center of the line.</li><li>baseline: to the baseline of the character.</li><li>bottom: to the bottom of the line.</li><li>middle: to the center of the line.</li><li>top: to the top of the line.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:vertical-align attribute are top, middle, bottom, auto or baseline.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute specifies the vertical alignment of text in a table cell. The options for the vertical alignment attribute are as follows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:vertical-align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>automatic: consumer determines how to align the text.</li><li>bottom: aligns text vertically with the bottom of the cell.</li><li>middle: aligns text vertically with the middle of the cell.</li><li>top: aligns text vertically with the top of the cell.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:vertical-align attribute are top, middle, bottom or automatic.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:vertical-pos</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:vertical-pos attribute specifies the vertical alignment of a frame relative to a specific area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:vertical-pos attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>below: the top corner of the frame is positioned below the reference area. </li><li>bottom: the bottom of the frame is aligned with the reference area.</li><li>from-top: the svg:y attribute associated with the frame element specifies the vertical position of the frame. Otherwise, the svg:y attribute is ignored for text documents.</li><li>middle: the middle of the frame is aligned with the reference area.</li><li>top: the top of the frame is aligned with the reference area.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:vertical-pos attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:vertical-pos attribute are top, middle, bottom, from-top or below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:vertical-rel</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:vertical-rel attribute specifies the area against which the vertical position of a frame is positioned.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:vertical-rel attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>baseline: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a baseline.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>char: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a character.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>frame: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a frame.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>frame-content: vertical position of frame positioned relative to frame content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>line: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a line.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>page: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>page-content: vertical position of frame positioned relative to page content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>paragraph: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a paragraph.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>paragraph-content: vertical position of frame positioned relative to paragraph content.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text: vertical position of frame positioned relative to text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 23 displays the defined values of style:vertical-rel and text:anchor-type attributes. Value combinations that can appear in a document are marked with an X.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 23 - Vertical Relation Values</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>Value of style:vertical-rel</p></th><th colspan="5"><table><tbody><tr><td colspan="5"><p>Value of text:anchor-type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>frame</p></td><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td><p>char</p></td><td><p>as-char</p></td></tr></tbody></table></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>baseline</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>char</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>frame</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>frame-content</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>line</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>page-content</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>paragraph-content</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>text</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:vertical-rel attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:vertical-rel attribute are page, page-content, frame, frame-content, paragraph, paragraph-content, char, line, baseline or text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:width attribute specifies the fixed width of a table. Every table shall have a fixed width. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:width attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:wrap</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:wrap attribute specifies how text is displayed around a frame or graphic object. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:wrap attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>biggest: text may wrap around the shape where the difference to the left or right page or column border is largest.</li><li>dynamic: text may wrap around both sides of the shape. The space for wrapping is set by the style:wrap-dynamic-threshold 20.403 attribute.</li><li>left: text wraps around the left side of the shape.</li><li>none: text does not wrap around the shape.</li><li>parallel: text wraps around both sides of the shape.</li><li>right: text wraps around the right side of the shape.</li><li>run-through: text runs through the shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:wrap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:wrap attribute are none, left, right, parallel, dynamic, run-through or biggest.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:wrap-contour</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:wrap-contour attribute specifies whether text wraps around an object or the bounding box of the object.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:wrap-contour attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text wraps around the bounding box.</li><li>true: text wraps around the object.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is called contour wrapping.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:wrap-contour attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:wrap-contour attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:wrap-contour-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:wrap-contour-mode attribute specifies the nature of the wrapping of text around the contour of a shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute shall be evaluated only by frames/drawing shapes or styles with non-empty style:wrap 20.400 and style:wrap-contour 20.401 attributes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:wrap-contour-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>full: text wraps around the shape and fills any spaces and indentations in the shape.</li><li>outside: text wraps around the general area to the left and right of the shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:wrap-contour-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:wrap-contour-mode attribute are full or outside.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:wrap-dynamic-threshold</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:wrap-dynamic-threshold attribute specifies the minimum distance between the page or column border and the object for which wrapping will be enabled. It is evaluated only if a style:wrap 20.400 attribute, with the value dynamic, appears on the same &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:wrap-dynamic-threshold attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:wrap-dynamic-threshold attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:writing-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>General</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute specifies a writing mode for an element. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL] with the additional value of page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value of style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value for the style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL] with the additional value of page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value for the style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL] with the additional value of page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value for the style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL] with the additional value of page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value for the style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL] with the additional value of page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value for the style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>style:writing-mode-automatic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:writing-mode-automatic attribute specifies whether a consumer may recalculate the writing mode of a paragraph based on its content whenever the content is edited. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The writing-mode should be specified in a style:writing-mode attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If the fo:text-align with value start, text alignment can be adapted to the writing mode.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the style:writing-mode-automatic attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: consumers should not recalculate writing mode of a paragraph whenever its content is edited.</li><li>true: consumers should recalculate writing mode of a paragraph whenever its content is edited.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:writing-mode-automatic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The style:writing-mode-automatic attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:fill-rule</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>See §11.3 of [SVG].</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument does not support the value inherit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:fill-rule attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:fill-rule attribute are nonzero or evenodd.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:height</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute specifies a default height for new frames that are created using the graphics style. See 19.543.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute specifies the height of a header or footer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:stroke-color</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stroke-color attribute specifies the color of a stroke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stroke-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stroke-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:stroke-opacity</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stroke-opacity attribute specifies the opacity of a stroke. The value of this attribute can be a number between 0 (transparent) and 1 (opaque) or a percentage value in the range 0% to 100%.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stroke-opacity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the svg:stroke-opacity attribute are a value of type double 18.2 in the range [0,1] or a value of type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:stroke-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stroke-width attribute specifies the width of a stroke.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stroke-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:stroke-width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:x</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies a default horizontal position for new frames that are created using the graphics style. See 19.577.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:y</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies a default vertical position for new frames that are created using the graphics style. See 19.581.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the vertical position of a bullet image.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>svg:width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies a default width for new frames that are created using the graphics style. See 19.575.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:align</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of a table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:align attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>center: table aligns to the center between left and right margins.</li><li>left: table aligns to the left margin.</li><li>margins: table fills all the space between the left and right margins.</li><li>right: table aligns to the right margin.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Consumers that do not support the margins value, may treat this value as left.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:align attribute are left, center, right or margins.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:border-model</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:border-model attribute specifies what border model to use when creating a table with a border. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:border-model attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>collapsing: when two adjacent cells have different borders, the wider border appears as the border between the cells. Each cell receives half of the width of the border.</li><li>separating: borders appear within the cell that specifies the border.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In OpenDocument, a row height or column width includes any space required to display borders or padding. This means that, while the width and height of the content area is less than the column width and row height, the sum of the widths of all columns is equal to the total width of the table.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:border-model attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the table:border-model attribute are collapsing or separating.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>table:display</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display attribute specifies whether a table is displayed. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the table:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: table should not be displayed.</li><li>true: table should be displayed.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The table:display attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:anchor-page-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute specifies the physical page number of an anchor if the drawing object is bound to a page within a text document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:anchor-type</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:anchor-type attribute specifies how a drawing shape is bound to a text document. The anchor position is the point at which a drawing shape is bound to a text document. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The same attribute is available as an element attribute text:anchor-type 19.759.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:anchor-type attribute are shown in Table 24.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 24 - Text anchor positions</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>If the value of the text:anchor-type attribute is ...</p></th><th><p>The anchor position is...</p></th><th><p>The drawing shape element shall be located in the file text ...</p></th><th><p>Notes</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>as-char</p></td><td><p>There is no anchor position. The drawing shape behaves like a character.</p></td><td><p>At the position where the character appears in the document.</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>char</p></td><td><p>The character after the drawing shape element.</p></td><td><p>Just before the character.</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>frame</p></td><td><p>The parent text box that the current drawing shape element is contained in.</p></td><td><p>In the element representing the text box to which the drawing object is bound.</p><p>If an image is bound to a text box, the image element is located in the text box element.</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>The page that has the same physical page number as the value of the text:anchor-page-number attribute that is attached to the drawing shape element. If no text:anchor-page-number attribute is given, the anchor position is the page at which the character behind the drawing object element appears.</p></td><td><p>Either</p><ul><li>At the start of the document body, outside any paragraph or frame, provided a text:anchor-page-number attribute is given.</li></ul><p>Or</p><ul><li>Inside any paragraph element that is not contained in a header, footer, footnote, or text box, if a text:anchor-page-number attribute is not given.</li></ul></td><td><p>The physical page number is the number assigned to the page if all pages in the document are counted starting with page 1.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td><p>The paragraph that the current drawing shape element is contained in.</p></td><td><p>At the start of the paragraph element.</p></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:anchor-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:anchor-type attribute are page, frame, paragraph, char or as-char.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:animation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation attribute specifies the type of animation that is used for a text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:animation attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>alternate: scrolls the text from one side to another and back.</li><li>none: disables the text animation.</li><li>scroll: scrolls the text from one side to another.</li><li>slide: scrolls the text from one side to the original text position and stops there.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:animation attribute are none, scroll, alternate or slide.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:animation-delay</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-delay attribute specifies a delay before an animation is started.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-delay attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-delay attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:animation-direction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-direction attribute specifies the scroll direction of animated text. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:animation-direction attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>down: animated text scrolls down.</li><li>left: animated text scrolls left.</li><li>right: animated text scrolls right.</li><li>up: animated text scrolls up.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:animation-direction attribute are left, right, up or down.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:animation-repeat</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-repeat attribute specifies the number of times an animation is repeated. If the value of the attribute is 0, the animation is repeated indefinitely.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-repeat attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-repeat attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:animation-start-inside</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-start-inside attribute specifies if a text animation starts inside or outside a shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:animation-start-inside attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text starts its animation just outside the shape&#039;s bounding rectangle.</li><li>true: text starts its animation inside the shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-start-inside attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-start-inside attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:animation-steps</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-steps attribute specifies the distance by which text is moved within a scrolling step.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-steps attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-steps attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:animation-stop-inside</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-stop-inside attribute specifies if a text animation stops inside or outside a shape. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:animation-stop-inside attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text stops its animation outside the shape&#039;s bounding rectangle.</li><li>true: text stops its animation when it is inside the shape.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-stop-inside attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:animation-stop-inside attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:condition</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies the display of text.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined value of the text:condition attribute is none, which means text is hidden.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The only value of the text:condition attribute is none.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:display</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute specifies whether text is hidden. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>condition: text is hidden under the condition specified in the text:condition 20.426 attribute.</li><li>none: text is hidden unconditionally.</li><li>true: text is displayed. This is the default setting.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:dont-balance-text-columns</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:dont-balance-text-columns attribute specifies whether the text column content should be evenly distributed over all text columns or not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:dont-balance-text-columns attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: text column content should not be evenly distributed over all text columns in a set of columns.</li><li>true: text column content should be evenly distributed over all text columns in a set of columns.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:dont-balance-text-columns attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:dont-balance-text-columns attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:line-break</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:line-break attribute specifies whether word wrapping is allowed for axis labels.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:line-break attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: word wrapping should not be allowed for axis labels.</li><li>true: word wrapping should be allowed for axis labels.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:line-break attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:line-break attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:line-number</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:line-number attribute specifies a new start value for line numbering, if a text:number-lines 20.434 attribute, with the value true, appears on the same &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element. Otherwise, this attribute shall be ignored.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:line-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:line-number attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute specifies how the position and spacing of the list labels (numbers or bullets) is defined. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>label-alignment: The &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20 element and the fo:text-align 20.223 attribute are used to define the position and spacing of the list label and the list item. The values of the attributes for text:space-before 20.435, text:min-label-width 20.433 and text:min-label-distance 20.432 are assumed to be 0.</li><li>label-width-and-position: The text:space-before, text:min-label-width, text:min-label-distance and fo:text-align attributes are used to define the position and spacing of the list label and the list item.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The default value of the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute is label-width-and-position. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The values of the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute are label-width-and-position or label-alignment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:min-label-distance</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:min-label-distance attribute specifies the minimum distance between a number and a list item.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The content of a list label is rendered inside a specified minimum width - text:min-label-width. 20.433 The text of a list item is rendered following the label width area. If the distance between a list label and the text of a list item is smaller than the value of the text:min-label-distance attribute, the following actions are performed. First, the content of the list label is moved inside the specified minimum label width up to the value of the text:min-label-distance attribute. If that does not result in a value equal to the text:min-label-distance attribute, the text of the list item is moved until the distance between the list label and text of list item equals the value of the text:min-label-distance attribute.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute can be associated with a formatting properties element that is contained in a &lt;text:list-level-style-*&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute will be evaluated only if the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute has the value label-width-and-position or is not present. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:min-label-distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:min-label-distance attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:min-label-width</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:min-label-width attribute specifies the minimum width of a list label.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute can be associated with a formatting properties element that is contained in a &lt;text:list-level-style-*&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The list label can be aligned horizontally within the specified minimum width using the fo:text-align 20.223 attribute. If the actual width of the list label is greater than the specified minimum width no alignment takes place.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The attribute will be evaluated only if the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode 20.431 attribute has the value label-width-and-position or is not present. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:min-label-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:min-label-width attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:number-lines</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number-lines attribute specifies whether lines are numbered.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The defined values for the text:number-lines attribute are:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>false: lines should not be numbered.</li><li>true: lines should be numbered.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number-lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:number-lines attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>text:space-before</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:space-before attribute specifies the space to include before a number for all paragraphs at a specified level. If a paragraph has a left margin greater than 0, the position of the list label box is the left margin width plus the start indent value.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute can be associated with a formatting properties element that is contained in a &lt;text:list-level-style-*&gt; element.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This attribute is evaluated only if the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode 20.431 attribute has the value label-width-and-position or is not present. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:space-before attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:space-before attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="A"><li>OpenDocument Relax NG Schema</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The OpenDocument Relax-NG (see [RNG]) schema is defined by a separate document, whose location can be found in the Additional artifacts section on the introductory pages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="A"><li>OpenDocument Metadata Manifest Ontology</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The OpenDocument metadata manifest ontology is defined by a separate document, whose location can be found in the Additional artifacts section on the introductory pages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="A"><li>MIME Types and File Name Extensions (Non Normative)</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following table contains a list of MIME types and file name extensions for OpenDocument documents, that, at the time this specification is published, have been registered according to [RFC6838]. Please see [MIMETYPES] for a current list of registered MIME types.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Registered MIME types are for use with documents contained in OpenDocument packages. </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Table 25 - Registered MIME types</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>MIME type</p></th><th><p>Ext.</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text</p></td><td><p>odt</p></td><td><p>Text document</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/<br/>  vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template</p></td><td><p>ott</p></td><td><p>Text document used as template</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics</p></td><td><p>odg</p></td><td><p>Graphics document (Drawing)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/<br/>  vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template</p></td><td><p>otg</p></td><td><p>Drawing document used as template</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation</p></td><td><p>odp</p></td><td><p>Presentation document</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/<br/>  vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template</p></td><td><p>otp</p></td><td><p>Presentation document used as template</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet</p></td><td><p>ods</p></td><td><p>Spreadsheet document</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/<br/>  vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template</p></td><td><p>ots</p></td><td><p>Spreadsheet document used as template</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart</p></td><td><p>odc</p></td><td><p>Chart document</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/<br/>  vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template</p></td><td><p>otc</p></td><td><p>Chart document used as template</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image</p><p>(deprecated)</p></td><td><p>odi</p></td><td><p>Image document</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/<br/>  vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template</p><p>(deprecated)</p></td><td><p>oti</p></td><td><p>Image document used as template</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula</p></td><td><p>odf</p></td><td><p>Formula document</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/<br/>  vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula-template</p></td><td><p>otf</p></td><td><p>Formula document used as template</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master</p></td><td><p>odm</p></td><td><p>Global Text document. See section 19.812.</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master-template</p></td><td><p>otm</p></td><td><p>Global text document used as template</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web</p></td><td><p>oth</p></td><td><p>Text document used as template for HTML documents</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>The following table contains a list of MIME types and file name extensions for office documents that conform to this specification where a registration according to [RFC6838] is in progress at the time this specification is published.</p>
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<p>Please check [MIMETYPES] before using these MIME types. If a MIME type is not listed there, the MIME type that is the result of inserting &quot;x-&quot; behind the &quot;/&quot; (U+002F, SOLIDUS) character (application/x-vnd.oasis.opendocument.text) should be used.</p>
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<p>Table 26 - Recommended MIME types</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><p>MIME type</p></th><th><p>Ext.</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.base</p></td><td><p>odb</p></td><td><p>Database front end document</p></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<ol type="A"><li>Accessibility Guidelines (Non Normative)<ul><li>Title, Description and Caption of Graphical Elements</li></ul></li></ol>
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<p>OpenDocument provides conventions to support accessible names, descriptions and captions for graphical elements.</p>
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<p>Accessible names, if available, are represented by the &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17 element.  If the &lt;svg:title&gt; element is not available, any text referenced by a draw:caption-id 19.115 attribute is used as the title. </p>
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<p>When transforming from another document format to OpenDocument the short names, like HTML&#039;s alt text on the &lt;img&gt; elements shall be mapped to the &lt;svg:title&gt; element.</p>
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<p>User agents shall not manufacture names for the &lt;svg:title&gt; element, such as using the drawing object name followed by a cardinal number in a string as it is used for accessibility. Such name assignments provide no semantic meaning to the user.</p>
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<p>Accessible descriptions, if available, are represented by the &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 element. </p>
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<p>If a user agent supports relationships between graphic elements and their captions, the value of the draw:caption-id attribute for a graphical element should be used to for that relationship. 19.115</p>
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<ol type="A"><li><ul><li><ul><li>Guidance for authors</li></ul></li></ul></li></ol>
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<p>Authors should not assign names to objects having no semantic value. If no name is assigned the caption text will be used in its place. The &lt;svg:title&gt; element shall take precedence over the caption text for accessible name assignment by the user agent.</p>
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<p>Assignment of the long description should only be necessary when a drawing object is significantly complex and the user needs more information to describe it. Long descriptions would be more applicable to drawing groupings than basic drawing shapes.</p>
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<ol type="A"><li><ul><li><ul><li>Authoring tool responsibility for presenting and prompting for the &lt;svg:title&gt; and &lt;svg:desc&gt; elements</li></ul></li></ul></li></ol>
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<p>Authoring tools should provide an option from an objects context menu to allow the user to enter the text for either of these elements as a minimum. More proactive authoring tools should have a facility for prompting the author for this text. Since the &lt;svg:desc&gt; element is a long description, a text area vs. a text field should be used to prompt the user accordingly in GUI-based authoring tools like office applications.</p>
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<p>Navigation tools used to list the objects in the view should provide the type of object followed by the contents of &lt;svg:title&gt; element. </p>
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<p>For &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15 elements the drawing objects which are members of the group should visible only when the group is expanded.</p>
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<ol type="A"><li><ul><li>Hyperlink Titles</li></ul></li></ol>
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<p>When transforming from another document format to OpenDocument the alt text of hyperlinks, shall be mapped to the office:title attribute of &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8 elements or &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12 elements. When exporting OpenDocument documents to HTML, the contents of title text should be mapped to title attribute text on HTML anchor tags. As a minimum, authoring tools should provide a mechanism to provide the hint text.</p>
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<p>The title text should be made accessible to the assistive technology and user. The user agent should allow for programmatic access through standard accessibility APIs such as the accessible description. Users should experience visible access to the hint text via the keyboard or mouse.</p>
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<ol type="A"><li><ul><li>Tables in Presentations</li></ul></li></ol>
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<p>Users importing non-OpenDocument slides that contain tables need access to the table structure via their assistive technology. Therefore tables imported into an OpenDocument application from another file format must have their structure preserved, and when saved as OpenDocument should be saved as as embedded spreadsheets.</p>
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<ol type="A"><li><ul><li>Further Guidelines</li></ul></li></ol>
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<p>Additional, non-normative Accessibility Guidelines are available at: <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/office-accessibility/v1.0/ODF_Accessibility_Guidelines-v1.0.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/office-accessibility/v1.0/ODF_Accessibility_Guidelines-v1.0.html</a>. That more comprehensive document will be the up-to-date set of recommendations for what all OpenDocument applications should do in order to fully support accessibility.</p>
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<ol type="A"><li>Bidirectional (BiDi) Scripts, Numeric Digits Presentation and Calendars (Non Normative)</li></ol>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This appendix specifies how bidirectional (BiDi) scripts and related information are represented in OpenDocument.</p>
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<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="A"><li><ul><li>Paragraph and Layout Direction</li></ul></li></ol>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In OpenDocument, the direction of text runs inside a paragraph is calculated using the Unicode BiDi Algorithm. See [UAX9]. The paragraph direction, as required by the BiDi Algorithm (see BD5 of [UAX9]), and the display direction of layout objects like table or page columns (in the following called layout direction) is controlled by a writing mode attribute (style:writing-mode) that can be used within styles.</p>
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<p>The writing mode attribute can be applied individually to paragraph styles, page styles, section styles, table styles, table cell styles, graphic styles and chart styles. If present within a paragraph style, it controls the paragraph direction of those paragraphs, to which the style is applied. If present within a page style, section style, table style, table cell style, graphic style or chart style, it controls the layout direction of those pages, text sections, tables, table cells, text-boxes and chart objects to which the styles is applied.</p>
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<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for page styles. It may, among other values, take the values lr-tb (left-to-right, top-to-bottom) and rl-tb (right-to-left, top-to-bottom). The writing-mode attribute of a page style specifies the layout direction of page columns (left-to-right or right-to-left) for pages that are formatted using the page style.</p>
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<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for paragraph styles. It specifies the paragraph direction as defined in BD5 of [UAX9] for all paragraphs that have the paragraph style assigned. For paragraphs that are contained in lists, it further specifies whether the list numbers and bullets are displayed on the left or on the right of the paragraph.</p>
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<p>The writing mode attribute for paragraph styles takes the same values as the writing mode attribute for page styles, but may also take the value page. This value specifies that the paragraph direction is inherited from the layout direction of the closest layout object (section, table or text-box) in which the paragraph is contained, and which has a layout direction other than page. If the paragraph is not contained in any of these layout objects, the paragraph direction is inherited from the page on which the paragraph appears.</p>
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<p>The paragraph direction specifies the default bidirectional orientation of the text in that paragraph. The result of the BiDi Algorithm can be manually changed by inserting BiDi embedding control characters (U+202A ... U+202E) and implicit directional marks (U+200E ...U+200F) into the text. See [UTR20].</p>
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<p>OpenDocument further has a style:writing-mode-automatic attribute (described in section 20.405) that specifies that a consumer is allowed to recalculate the value of the paragraph&#039;s writing-mode attribute based on its content whenever the content changes.</p>
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<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for section styles. It may take the same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
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<p>The writing-mode attribute of a section style specifies the layout direction of section columns (left-to-right or right-to-left) for text sections that have the section style assigned. If the attribute value is page the layout direction is inherited from the layout direction of the closest layout object (section, table, table-cell or text-box) in which the section is contained, and which has a layout direction other than page.</p>
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<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for table styles. It may take the same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
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<p>The writing-mode attribute of a table style specifies the layout direction of table cells (left-to-right or right-to-left) for tables that have the table style assigned. If the attribute value is page the layout direction is inherited from the layout direction of the closest layout object (section, table, table-cell or text-box) in which the table is contained, and which has a layout direction other than page.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for table cell styles. It may take the same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The writing-mode attribute of a table cell style specifies the layout direction of table cells (left-to-right or right-to-left) that have the table style assigned. If the attribute value is page the layout direction is inherited from the layout direction of the closest layout object (table, section or text-box) in which the table is contained, and which has a layout direction other than page.</p>
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<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for graphic styles. It may take the same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
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<p>The writing-mode attribute of a graphic style specifies the layout direction of columns (left-to-right or right-to-left) for text-boxes that have the graphic style assigned. If the attribute value is page the layout direction for text-boxes that are anchored to a page is inherited from the layout direction of the page on which the text-box is displayed. For text-boxes that have a different anchor type, the layout direction is inherited from the paragraph direction of the paragraph that contains the text-box.</p>
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<p>The writing mode for chart styles is described by the same attribute as for paragraph styles. See 20.404.</p>
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<ol type="A"><li><ul><li>Numeric Digits Presentation and Calendars</li></ul></li></ol>
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<p>All digits that have a Unicode code point can be included in an OpenDocument document.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Note 1:  office application have a feature that allows the user to specify whether the ASCII digits U+0030 ... U+0039 should be displayed as Latin-Indic digits or as Arabic-Indic digits (U+0660 ... U+0669). Since this feature effects only what digits are displayed and does not influence the representation of digits in the document itself, OpenDocument only allows storing this setting as an implementation-dependent setting, not as document or style content.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For list numbers, that are calculated automatically, OpenDocument provides a generic mechanism to specify the applicable numbering systems. See 19.504.</p>
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<p>Note 2: The specification currently mentions only &quot;1, 2, 3...&quot;, &quot;I, II, III...&quot;, and &quot;i, ii, iii&quot; explicitly, but the schema also allows a generic string value.</p>
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<p>OpenDocument further supports data styles, which describe how different types of data are displayed, for example, a number or a date. Data styles are described in section 16.29. The presentation of numeric digits can be controlled by the transliteration attributes described in sections 19.365-19.368. The presentation of date information can be controlled by the number:calendar attribute specified in section 19.348.</p>
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<p>The text:space-before attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
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<p>The text:space-before attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
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<ol type="A"><li>Recommended Usage of SMIL</li></ol>
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<p>The following sections describe the usage of SMIL animation elements that enables an office application to present the animation elements in a simple and easy to use UI to the user. This UI may contain a single main sequence of effects, and in addition to this, multiple sequences of effects that are started as interactions on drawing shapes. An <em>effect</em> is a combination of one or more animation elements that animate a single shape and or a shape&#039;s paragraphs.</p>
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<p>In user interfaces, effects should be creatable by using presets that have localized and meaningful names. This way, the user will not work on a hierarchy of SMIL animation elements, but on one dimensional lists of effects, which are much easier to handle for the office application users.</p>
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<ol type="A"><li><ul><li>Slide Animation</li></ul></li></ol>
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<p>Each &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 element may have an &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 element that defines the animation of that page during a running slideshow. This &lt;anim:par&gt; element should contain one &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3 element which is the main sequence for shape effects and zero or more &lt;anim:seq&gt; elements that define interactive sequences for shapes that contain animation interactions. The animation elements are executed after the slide has executed its initial transition.</p>
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<p>The &lt;anim:par&gt; element may further contain an &lt;anim:par&gt; element that defines the slide transition. Its smil:begin 19.441 attribute shall have the value <em>&lt;id&gt;</em>.begin, where <em>&lt;id&gt;</em> is the id of the slide&#039;s &lt;draw:page&gt; element itself. This &lt;anim:par&gt; element can contain basic animation elements as defined in chapter 15. These elements shall specify the &lt;draw:page&gt; element itself as target. If such an &lt;anim:par&gt; element for slide transitions is present, it overrides the following presentation page formatting properties:</p>
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<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;. See 10.8.2.</li><li>presentation:transition-speed. See 20.238.</li><li>presentation:transition-style. See 20.239.</li><li>presentation:transition-type. See 20.240.</li></ul>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For backward compatibility reasons, producers that use an &lt;anim:par&gt; element to define the slide transition should also add the above presentation page formatting properties. This also enables consumers without SMIL support to display the slide transitions.</p>
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<p>Example: The following example defines a slide wipe transition.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;draw:page draw:id=&quot;id1&quot;&gt;</p>
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<p>	&lt;anim:par presentation:node-type=&quot;timing-root&quot;&gt;</p>
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<p>		&lt;anim:par smil:begin=&quot;id1.begin&quot;&gt;</p>
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<p>			&lt;anim:transitionFilter smil:dur=&quot;2s&quot; smil:targetElement=&quot;id1&quot;</p>
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<p>				smil:type=&quot;slideWipe&quot; smil:subtype=&quot;fromBottom&quot;</p>
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<p>				smil:direction=&quot;reverse&quot;/&gt;</p>
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<p>		&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
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<p>&lt;/draw:page&gt;</p>
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<ol type="A"><li><ul><li>Main Sequence</li></ul></li></ol>
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<p>The main sequence is a &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3 element which contains the effects that should start after the slide has executed its initial transition. Since this is a sequential container, its child nodes are executed one after each other. If a child node&#039;s smil:begin 19.441 attribute has the value indefinite execution is stalled until the user advances the slideshow by a mouse or key interaction.</p>
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<p>The first level of child nodes in the main sequence should be &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 elements that group animation elements that are started with the same user interaction. The second level of child nodes should be &lt;anim:par&gt; elements that group animations elements that start at the same time. The third level of child nodes should be &lt;anim:par&gt; elements that group the animation elements for a single effect.</p>
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<p>Example: The following example shows a main sequence with the effects A, B, C and D. Effect A is started on user interaction, effect B is started simultaneously with A. Effect C is started 4 seconds after the effects A and B. Effect D is started on the next user interaction:</p>
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<p>&lt;amin:par&gt; &lt;!-- timing root--&gt;</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	&lt;anim:seq&gt; &lt;!-- main sequence--&gt;</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>		&lt;anim:par smil:begin=&quot;indefinite&quot;&gt;</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>			&lt;!-- first user interaction --&gt;</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>			&lt;anim:par smil:begin=&quot;0s&quot; smil:dur=&quot;4s&quot;&gt;</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;!-- first group of effects to execute --&gt;</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect a --&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>					&lt;!-- nodes for effect a--&gt;</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect b --&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>					&lt;!-- nodes for effect b--&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>			&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>			&lt;anim:par smil:begin=&quot;4s&quot;&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;!-- second group of effects to execute --&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect c --&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>					&lt;!-- nodes for effect c--&gt;	</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>			&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>		&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>		&lt;anim:par&gt;	</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>			&lt;!-- second user interaction--&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>			&lt;anim:par smil:begin=&quot;indefinite&quot;&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;!-- first group of effects to execute --&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect d --&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>					&lt;!--- nodes for effect d--&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>				&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>			&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>		&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>	&lt;/anim:seq&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="A"><li><ul><li>Interactive Sequence</li></ul></li></ol>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An interactive sequence is a &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3 element that should have the same structure as a main sequence. The only difference is that the &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 element in the first level has a smil:begin 15.4.3 attribute with a value like <em>[shape-id]</em>.click, where <em>[shape-id]</em> identifies a drawing shapes by its draw:id 19.187 attribute. These animation elements are triggered when the user interacts with the element defined by <em>[shape-id]</em>.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:space-before attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The text:space-before attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
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<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol type="A"><li>Changes From ODF 1.2 (Non Normative)</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The OpenDocument specification has been divided into four parts and has been restructured.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This appendix describes changes that are related to Part 3 of this specification.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following descriptions are new:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Change Tracking General 5.5.1 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3873">Office-3873</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following descriptions have changed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Document Fields – General 7.3.1 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3783">Office-3783</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Drawing Page Style 16.41 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">Office-3937</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foreign elements and attributes 3.17 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3950">Office-3950</a> , <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4034">Office-4034</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>List Item Style Rules 5.3.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3782">Office-3782</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Normative References 1.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3868">Office-3868</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Open Document Drawing Document 2.2.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3744">Office-3744</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Open Document Drawing Document 2.2.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3746">Office-3746</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OpenDocument Text Document 2.2.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2580">Office-2580</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Styles General 3.15.1 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3697">Office-3697</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>White Space Characters 6.1.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2102">Office-2102</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>White Space Processing and EOL Handling 3.18 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2102">Office-2102</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following elements are new:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3928">Office-3928</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; 14.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3776">Office-3776</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3765">Office-3765</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3789">Office-3789</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3789">Office-3789</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;text:label&gt; 7.4.17 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following elements have changed:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">3883</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3684">Office-3684</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2044">Office-2044</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3933">Office-3933</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3922">Office-3922</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Office-3932</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1832">Office-1832</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.1 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3765">Office-3765</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3695">Office</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3695">-3695</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-3860</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-3</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">86</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">0</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3683">Office-3683</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; 16.8 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3696">Office-3696</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">Office-3937</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3679">Office-3679</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3935">Office-3935</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt; 17.7 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3845">Office-3845</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3895">Office-3895</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;table:covered-table-cells&gt; 9.1.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3877">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3877">3877</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3665">Office-3665</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;table:table-columns&gt; 9.1.12 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3839">Office-3839</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;table:table-rows&gt; 9.1.8 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3838">Office-3838</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3698">Office-3698</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following attributes are new:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>chart:data-label-series 20.9 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2117">Office-2117</a>, <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3956">Office-3956</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>chart:regression-force-intercept 20.44 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>chart:regression-intercept-value 20.45 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>chart:regression-max-degree 20.46 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>chart:regression-moving-type 20.47 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3959">Office-3959</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>chart:regression-name 20.48 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>chart:regression-period 20.49 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3959">Office-3959</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>number:exponent-interval 19.347 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1828">Office-1828</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>number:forced-exponent-sign 19.349 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-3860</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>number:max-denominator-value 19.352 of &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3695">Office-3695</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>number:min-decimal-places 19.356 of &lt;number:number&gt; 19.343.2 , &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 19.356.3, <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">3860</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:contextual-spacing 20.255 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3767">Office-3767</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:scale-to-X 20.354 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">3857</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:scale-to-Y 20.355 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-38</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">57</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:tab-color 19.731 of &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2173">Office-2173</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:current-selected 19.790 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The following attributes changed</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>chart:interpolation 20.27 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3692">Office-3</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3692">692</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>chart:regression-type 20.50 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a>, <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3959">Office-3959</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>dr3d:transform 19.107 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3848">Office-3848</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:color-inversion 20.110 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3827">Office-3827</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:concave 19.123 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">3849</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:corners 19.128 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">Office-3849</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:enhanced-path 19.145 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3711">Office-3711</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:formula 19.171 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3822">Office-3822</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:formula 19.171 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3823">Office-3823</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:formula 19.171 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3826">Office-3826</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:formula 19.171 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3778">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3778">3778</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:gradient-step-count 20.137 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3934">Office-3934</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:handle-position 19.179 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3778">Office-3778</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:mime-type 19.191 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3943">Office-3943</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:sharpness 19.211 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">Office-3849</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:style 19.218.5 of &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3742">Office-37</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3742">42</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:style 19.218.2 of &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3718">Office-3718</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:style 19.219.27 of &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">3937</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:transform 19.228 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3755">Office-3755</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>draw:z-index 19.231 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2122">Office-2122</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>fo:background-color 20.182 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3927">Office-3927</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>fo:keep-with-next 20.201 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3924">Office-3924</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>fo:min-height 19.240 of &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3735">Office</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3735">-3735</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>fo:text-align 20.223.1 of &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3820">Office-3820</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>number:grouping 19.350 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3888">Office-3888</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>number:style 19.362.9 of &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3752">Office-3752</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>office:value-type 19.389 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3555">Office-3555</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>presentation:display-date-time 20.233 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3931">Office</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3931">-3931</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>presentation:display-page-number 20.236 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3931">Office-3931</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>presentation:source 19.420 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4013">Office-4013</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>smil:accelerate 19.436 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3726">Office-3726</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>smil:accumulate 19.437 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3725">Office-3725</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>smil:additive 19.438 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3725">Office-3725</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>smil:attributeName 19.439 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2523">Office-2523</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:class 19.470 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3863">Office-3863</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:condition 19.472 of &lt;style-map&gt; 16.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">Office-3</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">8</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">82</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:page-number 20.328 of &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3923">Office-3923</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:run-through 20.351 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2122">Office-2122</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:scale-to 20.352 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-3857</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:scale-to-pages 20.353 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-3857</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:text-line-through-text 20.374 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3722">Office-3722</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>style:text-line-through-text 20.374 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3723">Office-3723</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>svg:height 19.543.2 of &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">Office-388</a>3</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>svg:height 19.543.5 of &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Office-3932</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>svg:stroke-linecap 20.171 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3742">Office-3742</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>svg:viewBox 19.574 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3996">Office-3996</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>svg:width 19.575.4 of &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">Office-3883</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>svg:width 19.575.7 of &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Office-3932</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>svg:x 19.577.5 of &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Office-3932</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>svg:y 19.581.5 of &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Offic</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">e-3932</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:name 19.677.11 of &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3728">Office-3728</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:condition 19.600 of &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">Office-3</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">8</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">82</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:display 19.621 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3754">Office-3754</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:display 19.621 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4019">Office-4019</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:end-cell-address 19.631 of &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1. <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2697">Office-2697</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:expression 19.639 of &lt;table:named-expression&gt; 9.4.13 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">Office-3882</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:number-rows-spanned 19.682 of &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3876">Office-3876</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:orientation 19.690.2 of &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3729">Office-3729</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:style-name 19.730.2 of &lt;table:background&gt; 16.22 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3925">Office-3925</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>table:table-background 19.733 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3954">Office-3954</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:anchor-type 19.759 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3945">Office-3945</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:anchor-type 20.418 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3945">Office-3945</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:display 19.802.3 of &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3929">Office-3929</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:list-id 19.835 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3946">Office</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3946">-3946</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:start-value 19.874.6 of &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:style-name 19.880.18 of &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; 8.11 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3675">Office-3675</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:style-name 19.880.25 of &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:name 19.841 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:value 19.906 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>text:track-changes 19.889 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3763">Office-3763</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Removed elements, attributes and values</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The deprecated attribute &#039;office:process-content&#039; (19.377 in ODF 1.2.) has been removed. <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4034">Office-4034</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Deprecated MIME Types </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>odi Table 25 - Registered MIME types <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2002">Office-2002</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>oti Table 25 - Registered MIME types <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2002">Office-2002</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Declared Namespace Change</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:datastyle:1.0</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
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<p>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 3: OpenDocument Schema</p>
<p>OASIS Standard<br />
27 April 2021</p>
<p>This stage:</p>
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.odt">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.odt</a> (Authoritative)</p>
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html</a></p>
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.pdf">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.pdf</a></p>
<p>Previous stage:</p>
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.odt">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.odt</a> (Authoritative)</p>
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.html</a></p>
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.pdf">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.pdf</a></p>
<p>Latest stage:</p>
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.odt">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.odt</a> (Authoritative)</p>
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html</a></p>
<p><a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.pdf">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.pdf</a></p>
<p>Technical Committee:</p>
<p><a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/">OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC</a></p>
<p>Chairs:</p>
<p>Patrick Durusau (<a href="mailto:patrick@durusau.net">patrick@durusau.net</a>), Individual</p>
<p>Jos van den Oever (<a href="mailto:jos.vanden.oever@logius.nl">jos.vanden.oever@logius.nl</a>), <a href="http://www.logius.nl/">Logius</a></p>
<p>Editors:</p>
<p>Francis Cave (<a href="mailto:francis@franciscave.com"><em>francis@franciscave.com</em></a>), Individual</p>
<p>Patrick Durusau (<a href="mailto:patrick@durusau.net"><em>patrick@durusau.net</em></a>), Individual</p>
<p>Svante Schubert (<a href="mailto:svante.schubert@gmail.com"><em>svante.schubert@gmail.com</em></a>), Individual</p>
<p>Michael Stahl (<a href="mailto:michael.stahl@cib.de"><em>michael.stahl@cib.de</em></a>), <a href="https://www.cib.de/">CIB labs GmbH</a></p>
<p>Additional artifacts:</p>
<p>This prose specification is one component of a Work Product which includes:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 1: Introduction</em>. <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part1-introduction/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part1-introduction.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part1-introduction/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part1-introduction.html</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 2: Packages</em>. <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part2-packages/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part2-packages.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part2-packages/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part2-packages.html</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 3: OpenDocument Schema</em> (this part). <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 4: Recalculated Formula (OpenFormula) Format</em>. <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part4-formula/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part4-formula.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part4-formula/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part4-formula.html</a>.</p></li>
<li><p>XML/RNG schemas and OWL ontologies. <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/schemas/">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/schemas/</a>.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Related work:</p>
<p>This specification replaces or supersedes:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.2</em>. 29 September 2011. OASIS Standard. <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os.html</a>.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Declared XML namespaces:</p>
<p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:animation:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:chart:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:config:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:database:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:dr3d:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:drawing:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:form:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:manifest:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:meta:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:datastyle:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:office:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:presentation:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:script:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:table:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:style:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:xsl-fo-compatible:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:svg-compatible:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:smil-compatible:1.0<br />
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2<br />
<a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf</a><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf#">#</a></p>
<p><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/pkg">http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/pkg</a><a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf#">#</a></p>
<p>Abstract:</p>
<p>This document is Part 3 of the Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3 specification.</p>
<p>Status:</p>
<p>This document was last revised or approved by the membership of OASIS on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the “Latest stage” location noted above for possible later revisions of this document. Any other numbered Versions and other technical work produced by the Technical Committee (TC) are listed at <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=office#technical">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=office#technical</a>.</p>
<p>TC members should send comments on this specification to the TC’s email list. Others should send comments to the TC’s public comment list, after subscribing to it by following the instructions at the “<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=odata">S</a><a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=office">end </a><a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=office">A Comment</a>” button on the TC’s web page at <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/</a>.</p>
<p>This specification is provided under the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr#RF-on-Limited-Mode">RF on Limited Terms</a> Model of the <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr">OASIS IPR Policy</a>, the mode chosen when the Technical Committee was established. For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property Rights section of the TC’s web page (<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/ipr.php">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/ipr.php</a>).</p>
<p>Note that any machine-readable content (<a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/tc-process#wpComponentsCompLang">Computer Language Definitions</a>) declared Normative for this Work Product is provided in separate plain text files. In the event of a discrepancy between any such plain text file and display content in the Work Product&#039;s prose narrative document(s), the content in the separate plain text file prevails.</p>
<p>Citation format:</p>
<p>When referencing this specification the following citation format should be used:</p>
<p>[OpenDocument-v1.3-part3]</p>
<p>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 3: OpenDocument Schema. Edited by Francis Cave, Patrick Durusau, Svante Schubert and Michael Stahl. 27 April 2021. OASIS Standard. <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html</a>. Latest stage: <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html</a>.</p>
<p>Notices</p>
<p>Copyright © OASIS Open 2021. All Rights Reserved.</p>
<p>All capitalized terms in the following text have the meanings assigned to them in the OASIS Intellectual Property Rights Policy (the &quot;OASIS IPR Policy&quot;). The full <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr">Policy</a> may be found at the OASIS website.</p>
<p>This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published, and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this section are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, including by removing the copyright notice or references to OASIS, except as needed for the purpose of developing any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical Committee (in which case the rules applicable to copyrights, as set forth in the OASIS IPR Policy, must be followed) or as required to translate it into languages other than English.</p>
<p>The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by OASIS or its successors or assigns.</p>
<p>This document and the information contained herein is provided on an &quot;AS IS&quot; basis and OASIS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY OWNERSHIP RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.</p>
<p>OASIS requests that any OASIS Party or any other party that believes it has patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by implementations of this OASIS Committee Specification or OASIS Standard, to notify OASIS TC Administrator and provide an indication of its willingness to grant patent licenses to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this specification.</p>
<p>OASIS invites any party to contact the OASIS TC Administrator if it is aware of a claim of ownership of any patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by implementations of this specification by a patent holder that is not willing to provide a license to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this specification. OASIS may include such claims on its website, but disclaims any obligation to do so.</p>
<p>OASIS takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on OASIS&#039; procedures with respect to rights in any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical Committee can be found on the OASIS website. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this OASIS Committee Specification or OASIS Standard, can be obtained from the OASIS TC Administrator. OASIS makes no representation that any information or list of intellectual property rights will at any time be complete, or that any claims in such list are, in fact, Essential Claims.</p>
<p>The name &quot;OASIS&quot; is a trademark of <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/">OASIS</a>, the owner and developer of this specification, and should be used only to refer to the organization and its official outputs. OASIS welcomes reference to, and implementation and use of, specifications, while reserving the right to enforce its marks against misleading uses. Please see <a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/trademark">https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/trademark</a> for above guidance.</p>
<p>Table of Contents</p>
<h1>Introduction</h1>
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<p>This document is part of the Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3 specification. It defines an XML schema for office documents. Office documents include text documents, spreadsheets, charts and graphical documents like drawings or presentations, and other forms of documents.</p>
<h2>Terminology</h2>
<p>All text is normative unless otherwise labeled.</p>
<p>Text with a gray background color which is contained in boxes is informative. -</p>
<p>Within the normative text of this specification, the terms &quot;shall&quot;, &quot;shall not&quot;, &quot;should&quot;, &quot;should not&quot;, &quot;may&quot; and “need not” are to be interpreted as described in Annex H of [ISO/IEC Directives].</p>
<p>Attributes and elements may be marked as deprecated.  Deprecated attributes or elements have “Deprecated” inserted into their section title. Attributes and elements marked as deprecated should not be used any longer, and may be removed from future versions of (OpenDocument).</p>
<p>XML Element, attribute names, attribute value types, and attribute values appear in monospace font.</p>
<p>This standard, for illustrative purposes, describes functionality using terminology common in desktop computing environments that contain a display terminal, keyboard, and mouse, attached to a computer hosting an operating system with a graphical user interface which includes user interface controls such as input controls, command buttons, selection boxes, etc.</p>
<p>This standard is not limited to such environments. This format can be used by alternative computing environments, with other form factors, non-GUI consumers and producers, assistive technologies, using analogous user interface operations.</p>
<p>Implementation-defined is used in this standard for values or processing that may differ between ODF implementations but is required to be specified by the implementor for each particular ODF-implementation. </p>
<p>Implementation-dependent is used in this standard for values or processing that may differ between ODF implementations but is not required to be specified by the implementor for each particular ODF-implementation. </p>
<h2>Normative References</h2>
<p>The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.</p>
<p>[CSS2]  Bert Bos, Håkon Wium Lie, Chris Lilley, Ian Jacobs, Cascading Style Sheets, level 2, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512">http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512</a>, W3C, 1998.</p>
<p>[CSS3Text]  Michel Suignard, CSS3 Text Module, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/CR-css3-text-20030514">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/CR-css3-text-20030514</a>, W3C, 2003.</p>
<p>[DAISY]  ANSI/NISO Z39.86-2005 (R2012) Specifications for the Digital Talking Book, <a href="https://www.niso.org/publications/ansiniso-z3986-2005-r2012-specifications-digital-talking-book">http://www.niso.org/standards/resources/Z39-86-2005.html</a>, 2005.</p>
<p>[DCMI]  Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, Version 1.1: Reference Description, <a href="http://www.dublincore.org/documents/2008/01/14/dces/">http://www.dublincore.org/documents/2008/01/14/dces/</a>, Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, 2003.</p>
<p>[DOMEvents2]  Tom Pixley, Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Events Specification, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Events-20001113">http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Events-20001113</a>, W3C, 2000.</p>
<p>[GRDDL]  Don Conolly, Gleaning Resource Descriptions from Dialects of Languages (GRDDL), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-grddl-20070911/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-grddl-20070911/</a>, W3C, 2007.</p>
<p>[HTML4]  Dave Raggett, Arnaud Le Hors, Ian Jacobs, HTML 4.01 Specification, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224</a>, W3C, 1999.</p>
<p>[ISO/IEC Directives]  ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (Fifth Edition) Rules for the structure and drafting of International Standards, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2004.</p>
<p>[ISO639-1]  ISO 639-1:2002 Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 1: Alpha-2 code, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2002.</p>
<p>[ISO639-2]  ISO 639-2:1998 Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 2: Alpha-3 code, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 1998.</p>
<p>[ISO639-3]  ISO 639-3:2007 Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 3: Alpha-3 code for comprehensive coverage of languages, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.</p>
<p>[ISO3166-1]  ISO 3166-1:2006/Cor 1:2007   Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions -- Part 1: Country codes, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.</p>
<p>[ISO3166-2]  ISO 3166-2:2007 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions -- Part 2: Country subdivision code, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.</p>
<p>[ISO3166-3]  ISO 3166-3:1999 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions -- Part 3: Code for formerly used names of countries, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 1999.</p>
<p>[ISO8601]  ISO 8601:2004 Data elements and interchange formats -- Information interchange -- Representation of dates and times, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2004.</p>
<p>[ISO15924]  ISO 15924:2004 Information and documentation -- Codes for the representation of names of scripts, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2004.</p>
<p>[JIS X 0301]  JIS X 0301:2002 Data elements and interchange formats -- Information interchange -- Representation of dates and times, Japanese Standards Association, 2002.</p>
<p>[MathML]  David Carlisle, Patrick Ion, Robert Miner, Nico Poppelier, Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0 (Second Edition), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-MathML2-20031021/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-MathML2-20031021/</a>, W3C, 2003.</p>
<p>[MIMETYPES]  MIME Media Types, <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/">http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/</a>, IANA.</p>
<p><strong>[</strong>ODF10<strong>]</strong><strong>  </strong>OASIS Standard, Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v1.0, May 2005, <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.0/OpenDocument-v1.0-os.pdf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.0/OpenDocument-v1.0-os.pdf</a></p>
<p><strong>[</strong>ODF11<strong>]</strong><strong>  </strong>OASIS Standard, Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v1.1, February 2007, <a href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.1/OS/OpenDocument-v1.1.pdf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.1/OS/OpenDocument-v1.1.pdf</a></p>
<p>[ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages]  Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v.1.3, Part 2: Packages. Linked in Additional Artifacts  on front page.</p>
<p>[ODF1.3-Part-4:OpenFormula]  Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3 Part 4 Recalculated Formula (OpenFormula) Format. Linked in Additional Artifacts  on front page.</p>
<p>[OLE]  Kraig Brockschmidt, Inside OLE, Microsoft Press, 1995, ISBN: 1-55615-843-2</p>
<p>[OWL]  Deborah L. McGuinness, Frank van Harmelen, OWL Web Ontology Language Overview, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-owl-features-20040210/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-owl-features-20040210/</a>, W3C, 2004.</p>
<p>[PNG]  David Duce, Portable Network Graphics (PNG) Specification (Second Edition), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110</a>, W3C, 2003.</p>
<p>[RDF-CONCEPTS]  Graham Klyne, Jeremy J. Carroll, Brian McBride, Resource Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and Abstract Syntax, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210/</a>, W3C, 2004.</p>
<p>[RDFa]  Ben Adida, Mark Birbeck, Shane McCarron, Steven Pemberton, RDFa in XHTML: Syntax and Processing, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdfa-syntax-20081014">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdfa-syntax-20081014</a>, W3C, 2008.</p>
<p>[RFC2045]  N. Freed and N. Borenstein, Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt</a>, IETF, 1996.</p>
<p>[RFC2616]  R. Fielding, et al.,  Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt</a>, IETF, 1999.</p>
<p>[RFC3066]  H. Alvestrand, Tags for the Identification of Languages, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt</a>, IETF, 2001.</p>
<p>[RFC3987]  M. Duerst, M. Suignard, Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs), <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt</a>, IETF, 2005</p>
<p>[RFC4514]  K. Zeilenga, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): String Representation of Distinguished Names, <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4514">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4514</a>, IETF, 2006.</p>
<p>[RFC5646]  A. Phillips, M. Davis, Tags for Identifying Languages, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5646.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5646.txt</a>, IETF, 2009.</p>
<p>[RFC6838]  N. Freed, J. Klensin, T. Hansen Media Type Specifications and Registration Procedures, <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6838.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6838.txt</a>, IETF, 2013.</p>
<p>[RNG]  ISO/IEC 19757-2 Document Schema Definition Language (DSDL) -- Part 2: Regular-grammar-based validation -- RELAX NG, International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2003.</p>
<p>[SMIL20]  Jeff Ayars, etc al., Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL 2.0) - [Second Edition], <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20050107/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20050107/</a>, W3C, 2001.</p>
<p>[SQL]  ISO/IEC 9075-1:2008 Information Technology -- Database Language -- SQL -- Part 2: Foundation (SQL/Foundation), International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2008.</p>
<p>[SVG]  Jon Ferraiolo, 藤沢 淳 (FUJISAWA Jun), Dean Jackson, Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-SVG11-20030114/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-SVG11-20030114/</a>, W3C, 2003.</p>
<p>[UAX9]<em>  </em>Mark Davis, The Bidirectional Algorithm, Unicode Standard Annex #9, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html</a>, 2005.</p>
<p>[UNICODE]  The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 5.2.0, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 5.2 (Boston, MA, Addison-Wesley, 2009. ISBN 978-1-936213-00-9).</p>
<p>[UTR18]  Mark Davis, Andy Heninger, Unicode Regular Expressions, Unicode Technical Report #18, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/tr18-13.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/tr18-13.html</a>, 2008.</p>
<p>[UTR20]<em>  </em>Martin Dürst and Asmus Freytag, Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages, Unicode Technical Report #20, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html</a>, 2003.</p>
<p>[XForms]  John M. Boyer, XForms 1.0 (Third Edition), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xforms-20071029/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xforms-20071029/</a>, W3C, 2007.</p>
<p>[XLink]  Steve DeRose, Eve Maler, David Orchard, XML Linking Language (XLink) Version 1.0, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xlink-20010627/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xlink-20010627/</a>, W3C, 2001.</p>
<p>[XML-ID]  Jonathan Marsh, Daniel Veillard, Norman Walsh, xml:id Version 1.0, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/</a>, W3C, 2005.</p>
<p>[XML-Names]  Tim Bray rt al., Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Second Edition), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-names-20060816">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-names-20060816</a>, W3C, 2006.</p>
<p>[XML1.0]  Tim Bray, Jean Paoli, C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, Eve Maler, François Yergeau , Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/</a>, W3C, 2006.</p>
<p>[XMLENC-CORE]  Donald Eastlake, Joseph Reagle, XML Encryption Syntax and Processing, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xmlenc-core-20021210/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xmlenc-core-20021210/</a>, W3C, 2002.</p>
<p>[XPath]  James Clark, Steve DeRose, XML Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116</a>, W3C, 1999.</p>
<p>[XMLSchema-2]  Paul V. Biron, Ashok Malhotra, XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-2-20041028/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-2-20041028/</a>, W3C, 2004.</p>
<p>[XSL]  Sharon Adler, et al., Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL), <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xsl-20011015/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xsl-20011015/</a>, W3C, 2001.</p>
<p>[XSLT]  James Clark, XSL Transformations (XSLT) Version 1.0, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xslt-19991116">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xslt-19991116</a>, W3C, 1999.</p>
<h2>Non Normative References</h2>
<p><strong>[BibTeXing]</strong><strong>  </strong>Oren Patashnik, <em>BIBTEXing</em>,  http://mirrors.ctan.org/biblio/bibtex/base/btxdoc.pdf</p>
<p>[<strong>UAX9</strong>]<em>  </em>Mark Davis, <em>The Bidirectional Algorithm</em>, Unicode Standard Annex #9, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html</a>, 2005.</p>
<p>[<strong>UTR20</strong>]<em>  </em>Martin Dürst and Asmus Freytag, <em>Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages</em>, Unicode Technical Report #20, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html</a>, 2003.</p>
<h2>Namespaces</h2>
<p>Tables 1-6 list namespaces used or defined by OpenDocument. </p>
<p>Note: The defined XML namespaces conform to the <em>Namespaces in XML</em> specification [XML-Names].</p>
<p>This specification uses the prefixes defined in Tables 1 and 2 when referring to elements and attributes in this specification. However, implementors may use any prefix, provided that there is a namespace declaration that binds the prefix to the IRI of the corresponding namespace.</p>
<p>Table 1 - XML Namespaces defined by the OpenDocument schema</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>anim</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe animation content.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
animation:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>chart</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe chart content.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
chart:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>config</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe application specific settings.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
config:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>db</p></td><td><p>For elements and attributes that describe database specific objects.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
database:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dr3d</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe 3D graphic content.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
dr3d:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>draw</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe graphic content.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
drawing:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe forms and controls.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
form:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>manifest</p></td><td><p>Elements and attribute contained in the package manifest.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
manifest:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>meta</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe meta information.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
meta:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>number</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe data style information.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
datastyle:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>office</p></td><td><p>All common pieces of information not contained in another, more specific namespace.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
office:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>presentation</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe presentation content.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
presentation:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>script</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that represent scripts or events.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
script:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>table</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that may occur in spreadsheets or in table in a text document.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
table:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>text</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that may occur within text documents and text parts of other document types.</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
text:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>style</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that describe the style and inheritance model used by the OpenDocument format. </p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
style:1.0</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table 2 - XML Namespaces defined by the OpenDocument metadata manifest ontology</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>odf</p></td><td><p>RDF node property and node elements for OpenDocument package entities</p></td><td><p>http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf#</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table 3 - XML Namespaces defined by the OpenDocument schema that include elements and attributes that are compatible to elements and attributes of other standards.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>fo</p></td><td><p>Attributes that are compatible to attributes defined in [XSL].</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
xsl-fo-compatible:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>svg</p></td><td><p>Elements and attributes that are derived from elements or attributes defined in [SVG].</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
svg-compatible:1.0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>smil</p></td><td><p>Attributes that are derived from to attributes defined in [SMIL20].</p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:<br />
smil-compatible:1.0</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table 4 - XML Namespaces used by the OpenDocument schema</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>dc</p></td><td><p>The Dublin Core Namespace (see [DCMI]).</p></td><td><p>http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>math</p></td><td><p>MathML Namespace (see [MathML])</p></td><td><p>http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>xforms</p></td><td><p>The XForms namespace (see [XForms]).</p></td><td><p>http://www.w3.org/2002/xforms</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>xlink</p></td><td><p>The XLink namespace (see [XLink]).</p></td><td><p>http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>xhtml</p></td><td><p>RDFa attributes (see [RDFa]).</p></td><td><p>http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>grddl </p></td><td><p>GRDDL attributes (see [GRDDL])</p></td><td><p>http://www.w3.org/2003/g/data-view# </p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table 5 - XML Namespaces defined by the OpenDocument metadata manifest ontology</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>pkg</p></td><td><p>OWL classes and properties contained in metadata manifest files.</p></td><td><p>http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/pkg#</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table 6 - Other XML Namespaces defined by this specification</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Prefix</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th><th><p>Namespace</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>of</p></td><td><p>Namespace for formulas defined by Part 4 of this specification that occur in attribute values. </p></td><td><p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2 </p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>OpenDocument Documents, Consumers and Producers</h1>
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<p>The OpenDocument specification defines conformance for documents, consumers, and producers, with two conformance classes called conforming and extended conforming. It further defines conforming text, spreadsheet, drawing, presentation, chart, image, formula and database front end documents. This chapter defines the basic requirements for the individual conformance targets. </p>
<h2>Document Conformance</h2>
<h3>OpenDocument Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument</em> <em>document</em> shall meet the following requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then </p>
<ul>
<li><p>it shall be a conforming OpenDocument package [ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages], 2.2 Packages, and</p></li>
<li><p>the package shall contain at least one of the following files: content.xml and styles.xml. It may contain additional files.</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then the following requirements shall be met for its contained files named content.xml, styles.xml, settings.xml, and meta.xml if present:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The files shall be well-formed XML documents with respect to the XML 1.0 [XML1.0]specification.</p></li>
<li><p>The XML root elements of the files shall be </p>
<ul>
<li><p>&lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2 or &lt;math:math&gt; 14.6 for files named content.xml,</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3 for files named styles.xml,</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;office:document-meta&gt; 3.1.3.4 for files named meta.xml,</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;office:document-settings&gt; 3.1.3.5 for files named settings.xml.</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>If the XML root element of a file is &lt;office:document-content&gt;, &lt;office:document-styles&gt;, &lt;office:document-meta&gt; or &lt;office:document-settings&gt;, then the XML file shall be valid with respect to the schema defined in appendix A.</p></li>
<li><p>If the XML root element of a file is &lt;math:math&gt;, then the XML file shall be valid with respect to the MathML 2.0 [MathML] schema.</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>If the document is a single XML file, then </p>
<ul>
<li><p>the file shall be a well-formed XML document with respect to the XML 1.0 [XML1.0] specification</p></li>
<li><p>the XML root element of the file shall be &lt;office:document&gt;.</p></li>
<li><p>the XML file shall validate against the schema defined in appendix A.</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>The files contained in a package listed in B) or the single file listed in C) meet the following requirements:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>They shall conform to the XML Namespaces specification [XML-Names].</p></li>
<li><p>They shall conform to the xml-id Version 1.0 specification [XML-ID].</p></li>
<li><p>If a style:condition, table:condition, table:expression, table:formula or text:formula attribute value begins with a namespace prefix bound to namespace &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.3,&quot; the syntax and semantics of the attribute value portions that are expressions determined by the prefix shall conform to Part4 of this specification. If a style:condition, table:condition, table:expression, table:formula or text:formula attribute value has no namespace prefix, the attribute value portions that are expressions determined by a prefix shall conform as if there were a prefix bound to namespace &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.3&quot;.</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>It shall conform to one of: OpenDocument Text Document (2.2.3), OpenDocument Spreadsheet Document (2.2.4), OpenDocument Drawing Document (2.2.5), OpenDocument Presentation Document (2.2.6), OpenDocument Chart Document (2.2.7), OpenDocument Image Document (2.2.8), OpenDocument Formula Document (2.2.9), OpenDocument Database Front End Document (2.2.10). </p></li>
</ol>
<h3>OpenDocument Extended Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument extended document</em> shall meet all requirements of a conforming document listed in 2.2.1 except A.1), B.3), C.3) and E) and shall meet the following requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then it shall be a conforming ODF extended package [ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages], 2.2.2 OpenDocument Extended Package.</p></li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then the following requirement shall be met for its contained files named content.xml, styles.xml, settings.xml, and meta.xml if present:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If the XML root element of a file is &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2, &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3, &lt;office:document-meta&gt; 3.1.3.4 or &lt;office:document-settings&gt; 3.1.3.5, then the XML file shall be valid with respect to the schema defined in appendix A, after the following processing of foreign elements has taken place:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Foreign elements and attributes, as defined in section 3.17 have been removed.</p></li>
<li><p>The content of foreign elements has been processed as defined in section 3.17.</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>If the document is a single XML file, then the XML files shall be valid against the schema defined in appendix A, after processing of foreign elements as defined in B.1) has taken place.</p></li>
</ol>
<h3>OpenDocument Text Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Text document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 3.1.2 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text&quot;, &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template&quot;, &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text&quot;, &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template&quot;, &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p></li>
</ol>
<h3>OpenDocument Spreadsheet Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Spreadsheet document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7.</p></li>
<li><p>All namespace prefixes used in the values of table:formula attributes values shall be bound to the &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2 &quot; namespace.</p></li>
<li><p>All table:formula attribute values shall be a conforming OpenDocument Formula expression [ODF1.3-Part-4:OpenFormula] 2.2 OpenDocument Formula Expression.</p></li>
</ol>
<h3>OpenDocument Drawing Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Drawing document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5.</p></li>
</ol>
<h3>OpenDocument Presentation Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Presentation document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element 3.6 &lt;office:presentation&gt;.</p></li>
</ol>
<h3>OpenDocument Chart Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Chart document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:chart&gt; 19.379.</p></li>
</ol>
<h3>OpenDocument Image Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Image document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with one of these values: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing one of these strings: &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image&quot; or &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:image&gt; 3.9.</p></li>
</ol>
<h3>OpenDocument Formula Document</h3>
<p>An <em>OpenDocument Formula document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements: </p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package, the package shall contain a file named mimetype with content being the string &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula&quot;. </p></li>
<li><p>The package &quot;content.xml&quot; file shall have a &lt;math:math&gt; 14.6 root element. </p></li>
</ol>
<h3>OpenDocument Database Front End Document</h3>
<p>An <em>OpenDocument Database Front End document</em> shall meet all requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional requirements: </p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>The &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 element shall have an office:mimetype 19.379 attribute with the value &quot;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.base&quot;. </p></li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a file named mimetype containing the string &quot; application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.base&quot;. </p></li>
<li><p>The &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3 element shall have the child element &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1. </p></li>
</ol>
<h2>Producers</h2>
<h3>OpenDocument Producer</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument producer</em> is a program that creates at least one conforming OpenDocument document, and that meets the following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>It may produce conforming OpenDocument extended documents, but it shall have a mode of operation where it creates conforming OpenDocument documents.</p></li>
<li><p>It shall be accompanied by a document that defines all implementation-defined values used by the OpenDocument producer.</p></li>
</ol>
<h3>OpenDocument Extended Producer</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument extended producer</em> is a program that creates at least one conforming OpenDocument extended document, and that meets the following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>It shall be accompanied by a document that defines all implementation-defined values used by the OpenDocument extended producer.</p></li>
<li><p>It should be accompanied by a document that defines all foreign elements and attributes used by the OpenDocument extended producer.</p></li>
</ol>
<h2>Consumer</h2>
<p>An <em>OpenDocument consumer</em> is a program that can parse and interpret OpenDocument documents according to the semantics defined by this specification, and that meets the following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>It shall be able to parse and interpret OpenDocument documents of one or more of the document types defined by this specification (see 3.3), but it need not interpret the semantics of all elements, attributes and attribute values.</p></li>
<li><p>It may be able to parse and interpret OpenDocument documents stored as a single XML document, but it need not interpret the semantics of all elements, attributes and attribute values.</p></li>
<li><p>It shall interpret those elements and attributes it does interpret consistent with the semantics defined for the element or attribute by this specification.</p></li>
<li><p>It should be able to parse and interpret conforming OpenDocument extended documents, but it need not interpret the semantics of all elements, attributes and attribute values.</p></li>
<li><p>The XML parser used to parse the files contained in a package listed in 2.2.1, item B) or the single document listed in 2.2.1, item C) meets the following requirements:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>It shall be a nonvalidating XML processor with regard to the XML 1.0 specification [XML1.0]</p></li>
<li><p>It shall be and be a conforming processor with regard to the XML Namespaces specification [XML-Names].</p></li>
<li><p>It shall conform to the xml-id specification [XML-ID].</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<h1>Document Structure</h1>
<h2>Document Representation </h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>OpenDocument defines two methods of document representation:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A single XML document.</p></li>
<li><p>A collection of files within a package ([ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages]), each of which stores a part of a complete document.</p></li>
</ul>
<h3>&lt;office:document&gt;(Single OpenDocument XML Files)</h3>
<p>The &lt;office:document&gt; element is the root element of a document in OpenDocument format which is represented as a single XML document. It contains the entire document. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:document&gt; element is a root element.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document&gt; element has the following attributes: grddl:transformation 19.320, office:mimetype 19.379 and office:version 19.390.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3, &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3, &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; 3.14, &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4, &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2, &lt;office:scripts&gt; 3.12, &lt;office:settings&gt; 3.10 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<h3>Package OpenDocument Files</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p> The potential root elements for an OpenDocument document represented as a package are defined in OpenDocument Document, 2.2.1.</p>
<p>A package may also contain image files, embedded objects and implementation-dependent files.</p>
<h4>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;office:document-content&gt; root element contains document content and automatic styles used in a document. The file within a package for the &lt;office:document-content&gt; element is content.xml. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-content&gt; element is a root element.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-content&gt; element has the following attributes: grddl:transformation 19.320 and office:version 19.390.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-content&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3, &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3, &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; 3.14 and &lt;office:scripts&gt; 3.12.</p>
<h4>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;office:document-styles&gt; root element contains styles used in document content and automatic styles used in styles. The file within a package for the &lt;office:document-styles&gt; element is styles.xml.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-styles&gt; element is a root element.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-styles&gt; element has the following attributes: grddl:transformation 19.320 and office:version 19.390.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-styles&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3, &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; 3.14, &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;office:document-meta&gt; root element contains document metadata elements. The file within a package for the &lt;office:document-meta&gt; element is meta.xml.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-meta&gt; element is a root element.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-meta&gt; element has the following attributes: grddl:transformation 19.320 and office:version 19.390.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-meta&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;office:document-settings&gt; root element contains implementation-dependent settings. The file within a package for the &lt;office:document-settings&gt; element is settings.xml. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-settings&gt; element is a root element.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-settings&gt; element has the following attributes: grddl:transformation 19.320 and office:version 19.390.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:document-settings&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:settings&gt; 3.10.</p>
<h3>Summary of Document Representation</h3>
<p>OpenDocument file models are summarized in Table 7. </p>
<p>Table 7 - Root element content models</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Root Element</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:meta&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:settings&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:styles&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</p></th><th><p>&lt;office:body&gt;</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>&lt;office:document&gt;</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>&lt;office:meta&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:meta&gt; element contains metadata elements for a document that are not specified by a manifest.rdf file. 4.2.2</p>
<p>All the child elements of an &lt;office:meta&gt; element contain metadata about a document as a whole.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:meta&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-meta&gt; 3.1.3.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:meta&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:meta&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dc:creator&gt; 4.3.2.7, &lt;dc:date&gt; 4.3.2.10, &lt;dc:description&gt; 4.3.2.3, &lt;dc:language&gt; 4.3.2.15, &lt;dc:subject&gt; 4.3.2.4, &lt;dc:title&gt; 4.3.2.2, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; 4.3.2.9, &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18, &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; 4.3.2.16, &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; 4.3.2.17, &lt;meta:generator&gt; 4.3.2.1, &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; 4.3.2.14, &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; 4.3.2.6, &lt;meta:keyword&gt; 4.3.2.5, &lt;meta:print-date&gt; 4.3.2.11, &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; 4.3.2.8, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12 and &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:body&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:body&gt; element contains the elements that represent the content of a document. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:body&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:body&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:body&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:image&gt; 3.9, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:text&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:text&gt; element represents the content of a text document. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:text&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:text&gt; element has the following attributes: text:global 19.812 and text:use-soft-page-breaks 19.903.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:text&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2, &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7, &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4, &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2, &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14, &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8, &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; 5.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:drawing&gt; element represents a drawing document.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:drawing&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:drawing&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:drawing&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7, &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4, &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2, &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14, &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8, &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:presentation&gt; element represents a presentation document. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:presentation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:presentation&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:presentation&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; 10.9.3.6, &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; 10.9.3.4, &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; 10.9.3.2, &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7, &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7, &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4, &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2, &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14, &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8, &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; element represents a spreadsheet document. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; element has the following attributes: table:protection-key 19.701, table:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.702 and table:structure-protected 19.729.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7, &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4, &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2, &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14, &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8, &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:chart&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:chart&gt; element represents a chart document.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:chart&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:chart&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:chart&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7, &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4, &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2, &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14, &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8, &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:image&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:image&gt; element represents an image document. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:image&gt; element contains a &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 element which shall contain a single &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4 element. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:image&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:image&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:settings&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;office:settings&gt; element contains one or more &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; elements, each of which represents a set of application settings.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:settings&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-settings&gt; 3.1.3.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:settings&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:settings&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; element is a container element for application setting elements. Setting child elements may occur in any order.</p>
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer shall use application settings to alter application behavior only within the dimensions of variability permitted by this standard.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5, &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2 and &lt;office:settings&gt; 3.10.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; element has the following attribute: config:name 19.29.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;config:config-item&gt; 3.10.3, &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; 3.10.4, &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; 3.10.6 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item&gt; element contains the value of an application setting whose name is specified by its config:name attribute. </p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item&gt; element has the following attributes: config:name 19.29 and config:type 19.30.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; element is a container element for ordered sequences of application settings. </p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; element has the following attribute: config:name 19.29.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; element represents a single setting in a sequence of settings. The setting itself is defined by the child element of &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;, and may be a single value, a set of settings, or a sequence of settings. </p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; 3.10.4 and &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; 3.10.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; element has the following attribute: config:name 19.29.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;config:config-item&gt; 3.10.3, &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; 3.10.4, &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; 3.10.6 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; element contains a sequence of application setting elements. Each sequence is identified by the value of its config:name attribute.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; element has the following attribute: config:name 19.29.</p>
<p>The &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5.</p>
<h2>Cursor Position Setting</h2>
<p>A processing instruction with PITarget (see §2.6 of [XML1.0]) followed by the string cursor-position represents a text cursor position in a document. The string cursor-position may be followed by an arbitrary implementation-defined string. </p>
<p>Note: Where a text cursor position is not sufficient to recreate a document view, producers may use arbitrary document-specific settings in addition to a cursor position processing instruction. </p>
<h2>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:scripts&gt; element contains all the &lt;office:script&gt; elements for a document. </p>
<p>Each &lt;office:script&gt; element contains a script. A document may contain scripts in different scripting languages.</p>
<p>Note: Scripts need not use XML document models.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:scripts&gt; element may also contain &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.4.4 elements which contain the events assigned to the document itself. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:scripts&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:scripts&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:scripts&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19 and &lt;office:script&gt; 3.13.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:script&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:script&gt; element contains a script.</p>
<p>Note: In most situations, the element contains the source code of the script, but it may also contain a compiled version of the script or a link to external script code.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:script&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:scripts&gt; 3.12.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:script&gt; element has the following attribute: script:language 19.434.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:script&gt; element has mixed content where arbitrary child elements are permitted.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; element contains all the font face declarations (&lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23 elements) for a document. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2, &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<h2>Styles</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>There are three types of styles for documents: common, automatic and master. </p>
<p>Page layouts and styles are defined by &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 elements, respectively. </p>
<h3>&lt;office:styles&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;office:styles&gt; element contains common styles used in a document. A common style is a style chosen by a user for a document or portion thereof.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:styles&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:styles&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:styles&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1, &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5, &lt;draw:marker&gt; 16.42.8, &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7, &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9, &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19, &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; 16.8, &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4, &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; 16.43, &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2, &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2, &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3, &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20, &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6, &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1, &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32, &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3 and &lt;text:outline-style&gt; 16.36.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; element contains automatic styles used in a document. </p>
<p>An automatic style is a set of formatting properties treated as properties of the object to which the style is assigned. </p>
<p>Note: Common and automatic styles behave differently in OpenDocument editing consumers. Common styles present to a user as a named set of formatting properties. The formatting properties of an automatic style present to a user as properties of the object to which the style is applied. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2, &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19, &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5, &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 and &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element contains master styles that are used in a document. A master style contains formatting and other content that is displayed with document content when the style is used. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; 10.2.2, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<h2>Document Signatures</h2>
<p>An OpenDocument document that is stored in a package may have one or more digital signatures applied to the package.</p>
<p>Document signatures are stored in a file called META-INF/documentsignatures.xml in the package as described in section 3.5 of the OpenDocument specification Part2. Document signatures shall contain a &lt;ds:Reference&gt; element for each file within the package, with the exception that &lt;ds:Reference&gt; elements for the META-INF/documentsignatures.xml file containing the signature, and any files contained in the package whose relative path starts with &quot;external-data/&quot; should be omitted.</p>
<p>Signatures other than document signatures are implementation-defined.</p>
<p> </p>
<h2>Foreign Elements and Attributes</h2>
<p>OpenDocument extended documents may contain elements and attributes not defined by the OpenDocument schema. Elements and attributes not defined by the OpenDocument schema are called <em>foreign elements</em> and <em>attributes</em>. Foreign elements and attributes shall not use a namespace listed in tables 1, 2 or 3 of section 1.5.</p>
<p>If a foreign element has a &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2 or &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3 ancestor element, and is a child element of an element for which the OpenDocument schema permits the inclusion of character data, and if the OpenDocument schema permits the inclusion of character data for all its ancestors up to the &lt;text:p&gt; or &lt;text:h&gt; element ancestor element, or a &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 ancestor element, then the element&#039;s content may be interpreted by conforming OpenDocument consumers, and the document itself shall be valid against the OpenDocument schema as if the foreign element&#039;s start- and end-tags or its empty-element-tag are removed.</p>
<p>For a foreign element that occurs at another location, conforming consumers should not interpret but may preserve the element’s content.</p>
<p>Conforming extended producers should not use foreign elements and attributes for features defined in the OpenDocument specification.</p>
<p>When a conforming consumer encounters an OpenDocument defined attribute that has a value that is not defined by OpenDocument, it should: </p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>If the attribute has a specified default value, use its default value, or </p></li>
<li><p>If the attribute does not have a specified default value, ignore the attribute. </p></li>
</ol>
<h2>White Space Processing and EOL Handling</h2>
<p>ODF processing of white space characters is in conformance with the provisions of [XML1.0].</p>
<p>In addition, OpenDocument Consumers shall ignore all element children ([RNG] section 5, Data Model) of elements defined in this specification that are strings consisting entirely of white space characters and which do not satisfy a pattern of the OpenDocument schema definition for the element.</p>
<p>Additional treatment of occurrences of white space characters depends on the provisions for specific elements, attributes, and their datatypes in this specification. </p>
<p>Note: There are special OpenDocument rules for the reduction of white space sequences 3.18 to single space characters in the text obtained from &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2 and their descendant elements.</p>
<h2>MIME Types and File Name Extensions</h2>
<p>Office documents contained in a package use the MIME types and file name extensions listed in Appendix C.  See 3.1.3.</p>
<p>Office documents not contained in a package should use the MIME type text/xml.</p>
<p>Only MIME types and extensions that have been registered according to [RFC6838] should be used for office documents that conform to this specification. The MIME types and extensions listed in appendix C should be used where appropriate.</p>
<h1>Metadata</h1>
<h2>General</h2>
<p>Metadata is general information about a document or its content.</p>
<p>OpenDocument supports five types of metadata:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>RDF metadata describing documents or the content of identifiable OpenDocument elements. 4.2.2</p></li>
<li><p>Text content being used as RDF metadata. 4.2.1 </p></li>
<li><p>Pre-defined metadata (meta.xml). 4.3.2</p></li>
<li><p>User-defined metadata (using the &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element). 4.3.3</p></li>
<li><p>Custom metadata (custom XML elements within meta.xml). 4.3.1</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Pre-defined and user-defined metadata are both stored in the metadata &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.18 element. The elements representing this metadata may be omitted or occur multiple times. The updating of multiple instances of the same metadata elements is implementation-dependent.</p>
<h2>RDF Metadata</h2>
<h3>In-Content Metadata (RDFa)</h3>
<p>Metadata in OpenDocument documents may be expressed using the model of the W3C Resource Description Framework [RDF-CONCEPTS].</p>
<p>RDF metadata is supported as in-content metadata and by manifest.rdf. 4.2.2. RDF metadata can be attached to elements in the &quot;content.xml&quot; and &quot;styles.xml&quot; file. Elements supporting this type of metadata have the following attributes: xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:property 19.914, xhtml:content 19.912, and xhtml:datatype 19.913. When metadata is added using these attributes, it is referred to as in-content metadata. If &quot;content.xml&quot; and &quot;styles.xml&quot; files contain in-content metadata they shall be listed in the package&#039;s &quot;manifest.rdf&quot; file. </p>
<h3>manifest.rdf</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p>The OpenDocument document contains a metadata manifest, as defined in Part 3 of this specification. The [OWL] Metadata Manifest Description ontology defined in Part 3 is extended with additional properties and classes in appendix B. The following OWL classes and properties are defined.</p>
<h4>odf:ContentFile</h4>
<p>An instance of the odf:ContentFile class represents a content.xml file.</p>
<p>The odf:ContentFile class is a subclass of pkg:File.</p>
<h4>odf:StylesFile</h4>
<p>An instance of the odf:StylesFile class represents a styles.xml file.</p>
<p>The odf:StylesFile class is a subclass of pkg:File</p>
<h4>odf:Element</h4>
<p>An instance of the odf:Element class represents an OpenDocument XML element in a content.xml or styles.xml file. It is a subclass of the pkg:Element class, which represents any XML element in the OpenDocument package.</p>
<p>Note: One or more rdf:type properties specify the metadata type of an odf:Element.</p>
<p>Every XML element that is defined by this specification and has an attribute of type ID may be described using an OWL class. The IRI of an OWL class for an element is the concatenation of the element&#039;s QName namespace IRI and its local name part. These classes are subclasses of odf:Element. </p>
<p>The following properties are defined for the subclass describing a &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element (urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0meta-field) : odf:prefix 4.2.2.5 and odf:suffix 4.2.2.6.</p>
<h4>odf:prefix</h4>
<p>The odf:prefix property defines the prefix content of a &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element 7.5.19.</p>
<p>This property can be used with the following class: urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0meta-field 4.2.2.4.</p>
<h4>odf:suffix</h4>
<p>The odf:suffix property defines the suffix content of a &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element 7.5.19.</p>
<p>This property can be used with the following class: urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0meta-field 4.2.2.4.</p>
<h2>Non-RDF Metadata</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Non-RDF metadata in OpenDocument is composed of pre-defined metadata elements, user-defined metadata elements, and custom metadata elements.</p>
<p>The pre-defined metadata elements have defined semantics. They should be processed by consumers and updated by producers. They can be referenced from within the document using text fields.</p>
<p>The pre-defined metadata elements borrow heavily upon the metadata standards developed by the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (http://www.dublincore.org). Metadata elements drawn directly from the Dublin Core work are in the http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1 namespace.</p>
<p>User-defined metadata specifies a triplet of name, type, and value. Consumers can present these values to the user. </p>
<p>Custom metadata elements are arbitrary elements inside an &lt;office:meta&gt; element. The semantics of custom metadata elements is implementation-defined.</p>
<p>Custom metadata elements shall only occur in OpenDocument extended documents. The use of custom metadata is deprecated in favor of RDF/XML based metadata.</p>
<p>Note: Consumers need not process custom metadata other than to preserve it when editing a document. </p>
<h3>Pre-Defined Metadata Elements</h3>
<h4>&lt;meta:generator&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:generator&gt; element contains a string that identifies the OpenDocument producer that was used to create or last modify the document. This string should match the definition for user-agents in the HTTP protocol as specified in section 14.43 of [RFC2616]. The generator string should allow OpenDocument consumers to distinguish between all released versions of a producer.</p>
<p>Note: Release versions of a producer could be distinguished based on build identifiers or patch-level information.</p>
<p>If an OpenDocument producer that creates a document cannot provide an identifier string, the producer shall not export this element. If a producer stores a modified document created by another producer cannot provide a unique identifier, it shall not export the original identifier belonging to the producer that created the document.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:generator&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:generator&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:generator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:generator&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;dc:title&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;dc:title&gt; element specifies the title of a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:title&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:title&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:title&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:title&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;dc:description&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;dc:description&gt; element contains a description of a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:description&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:description&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:description&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:description&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;dc:subject&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;dc:subject&gt; element specifies the subject of a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:subject&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:subject&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:subject&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:subject&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:keyword&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:keyword&gt; element contains a keyword pertaining to a document. </p>
<p>The &lt;meta:keyword&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:keyword&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:keyword&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:keyword&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:initial-creator&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element specifies the name of the initial creator of a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;dc:creator&gt; element specifies the name of the person who last modified a document (&lt;office:meta&gt;), who created an annotation (&lt;office:annotation&gt;), who authored a change (&lt;office:change-info&gt;). </p>
<p>The &lt;dc:creator&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7 and &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:creator&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:creator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:creator&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:printed-by&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element specifies the name of the last person who printed a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:creation-date&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element specifies the date and time when a document was created.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element has content of data type dateTime 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;dc:date&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;dc:date&gt; element specifies the date and time when the document was last modified (&lt;office:meta&gt;), when an annotation was created (&lt;office:annotation&gt;), when a change was made (&lt;office:change-info&gt;).</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7 and &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:date&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:date&gt; element has content of data type dateTime 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:print-date&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element specifies the date and time when a document was last printed.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element has content of data type dateTime 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:template&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:template&gt; element specifies an IRI for the document template that was used to create a document. The IRI is specified using the xlink:href attribute. See [XLink].</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:template&gt; element has the following attributes: meta:date 19.323, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:title 19.918 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:template&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; element specifies whether a document is reloaded or replaced by another document after a specified period of time has elapsed.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; element has the following attributes: meta:delay 19.324, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; element specifies the default behavior for hyperlinks in a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; element has the following attributes: office:target-frame-name 19.385 and xlink:show 19.917.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;dc:language&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;dc:language&gt; element specifies the default language of a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:language&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:language&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:language&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;dc:language&gt; element has content of data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element specifies the number of times a document has been edited. When a document is created, this value is set to 1. Each time a document is saved, the editing-cycles number is incremented by 1.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element has content of data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:editing-duration&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element specifies the total time spent editing a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element has content of data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element represents statistics about a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element has the following attributes: meta:cell-count 19.321, meta:character-count 19.322, meta:draw-count 19.325, meta:frame-count 19.326, meta:image-count 19.327, meta:non-whitespace-character-count 19.329, meta:object-count 19.330, meta:ole-object-count 19.331, meta:page-count 19.332, meta:paragraph-count 19.333, meta:row-count 19.334, meta:sentence-count 19.335, meta:syllable-count 19.336, meta:table-count 19.337 and meta:word-count 19.339.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element specifies any additional user-defined metadata for a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element has the following attributes: meta:name 19.328, meta:value-type 19.338.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element has character data content, or depending on the value of the meta:value-type attribute content of type double 18.2, date 18.2, dateTime 18.2, duration 18.2, boolean 18.3.3 or string 18.2.</p>
<h1>Text Content</h1>
<h2>Headings, Paragraphs and Basic Text Structure</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:h&gt; and &lt;text:p&gt; elements represent headings and paragraphs, respectively. </p>
<p>Headings and paragraphs are collectively referred to as <em>paragraph elements</em>.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:h&gt; element represents a heading in a document. Headings define the division structure for a document. A chapter or section begins with a heading and extends to the next heading at the same or higher level.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:h&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:h&gt; element has the following attributes: text:class-names 19.775, text:cond-style-name 19.781, text:id 19.815, text:is-list-header 19.822, text:outline-level 19.850, text:restart-numbering 19.863, text:start-value 19.874, text:style-name 19.880, xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:h&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:number&gt; 6.1.10, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:p&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:p&gt; element represents a paragraph, which is the basic unit of text in an OpenDocument file.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:p&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19, &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; 17.24, &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2, &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7, &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:p&gt; element has the following attributes: text:class-names 19.775, text:cond-style-name 19.781, text:id 19.815, text:style-name 19.880, xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:p&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:page-sequence&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; element contains at least one &lt;text:page&gt; element. If there is more than one &lt;text:page&gt; element, the text:master-page-name attribute of the first &lt;text:page&gt; element specifies the default master style for a document. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:page&gt; 5.2.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:page&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:page&gt; element represents a page in a &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:page-sequence&gt; 5.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page&gt; element has the following attribute: text:master-page-name 19.839.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Lists</h2>
<h3>&lt;text:list&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:list&gt; element represents a list. It may contain a &lt;text:list-header&gt; element, followed by any number of &lt;text:list-item&gt; elements. </p>
<p>Lists may be numbered. The numbering may be restarted with a specific numbering at each list item. Lists may also continue numbering from other lists in order to merge lists into a single, discontinuous list. Whether list numbering is displayed or not depends on the list style being used.</p>
<p>Every list has a list level, which is determined by the nesting of the &lt;text:list&gt; element that represents that list. If a list is not contained in another list, its list level is 1. If a list is contained within another list, the list level of the contained list is the list level of the list in which it is contained incremented by one. If a list is contained in a table cell or text box, its list level returns to 1, even if the table or text box is nested in another list. </p>
<p>Every list with a list level of 1 defines a list and the counter domain for its list items and any sub-list of that list. Each sub-list starts a counter for its list items and any sub-list it may contain. </p>
<p>Every list, including sub-lists, may have a list style which is applied to its list items and sub-lists. A list style specified for a sub-list overrides the list style specified for the list in which the sub-list is contained.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list&gt; element has the following attributes: text:continue-list 19.785, text:continue-numbering 19.786, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3 and &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4.</p>
<h3>Default List Style </h3>
<p>If a list does not have a style:name attribute and therefore no list style is specified, one of the following actions is taken:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If the list is contained in another list, the list style defaults to the style of the surrounding list.</p></li>
<li><p>If there is no list style specified for the surrounding list, but the list contains paragraphs that have paragraph styles attached that specify a list style, that list style is used. </p></li>
<li><p>An implementation-dependent default is applied to the list. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>To determine which formatting properties are applied to a list, the list level and its style name are taken into account. 16.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:list-header&gt; element represents a list header and is a type of list item. It contains one or more paragraphs that are displayed before a list. The paragraphs are formatted as list items but they do not have a preceding number or bullet.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-header&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-header&gt; element has the following attribute: xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-header&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:number&gt; 6.1.10, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3 and &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:list-item&gt; element represents an item in a list.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-item&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-item&gt; element has the following attributes: text:start-value 19.874, text:style-override 19.881 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-item&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:number&gt; 6.1.10, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3 and &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<h3>List Item Style Rules</h3>
<p>The first line in a list item is may be preceded by a bullet or number, depending on the list style assigned to the list. If a list item starts another list and does not contain any text, no bullet or number is displayed.</p>
<p>The list style which is applied to a list need not contain a list level style for the list level the list item specifies. The following rules are applied to determine the list level style in this case</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If the list is contained in another list, the list level style defined in the list style which is applied to the surrounding list for the level of the item is used.</p></li>
<li><p>If a list is not contained in (surrounded by) another list or does not have an assigned list level style, the list level style defined by the default list style is used.  See 5.3.2.</p></li>
</ul>
<h3>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element numbers an individual paragraph, as if it was part of a list at a specified level.</p>
<p>Note: Numbered paragraphs form an equivalent, alternative way of specifying lists. A list in &lt;text:list&gt; representation can be converted into a list in &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; representation and vice versa.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element is deprecated in favor of the &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 element.</p>
<p>A numbered paragraph can be assigned a list level. A numbered paragraph is equivalent to a list nested to the given level, containing one list item with one paragraph. If no level is given, the numbered paragraph is interpreted as being on level 1.</p>
<p>If a list style is not specified for a numbered paragraph, the list style of the previous numbered paragraph in the same sublist is used. If this paragraph is the first in the sublist, the list style of the previous paragraph in the higher list level is used. If there is no specified list style, the default list style is applied. 5.3.2</p>
<p>If a list level style is missing in the applied list style of a numbered paragraph, the same rules are applied to determine this list level style as for list items.</p>
<p>The text of a formatted number can be included in a &lt;text:number&gt; element.</p>
<p>Note: This text can be used by consumers that do not support numbering.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element has the following attributes: text:continue-numbering 19.786, text:level 19.834, text:list-id 19.835, text:start-value 19.874, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:number&gt; 6.1.10 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>Numbered Paragraph Style Rules (deprecated)</h3>
<p>If a list style is not specified for a numbered paragraph, the list style of the previous numbered paragraph in the same list is used. If this paragraph is the first in the list, the list style of the previous numbered paragraph in a higher list level is used. If there is no specified style available, the default style is applied. 5.3.2</p>
<p>If a list level style is missing in the applied list style of a numbered paragraph, the rules for styles on list items are applied. 5.3.5</p>
<h2>&lt;text:section&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:section&gt; element represents a named portion of content in a document. </p>
<p>Sections specify formatting properties for a region of text or text that is automatically acquired from an external data source or document, or another text section.</p>
<p>Sections support two ways of linking to external content. If a section is linked to another document, the link can be through one of the following:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A resource identified by an XLink, represented by a &lt;text:section-source&gt; element</p></li>
<li><p>Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE), represented by a &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;text:section-source&gt; or &lt;office:dde-source&gt; elements are mutually exclusive alternatives. Either element may occur only once as the first child element of a &lt;text:section&gt; element. </p>
<p>A section that links to external content should contain a full representation of the external content that appears in the section. </p>
<p>Linked external content may have an arbitrary file format. Consumers may process links to external content and the external content itself to update the content that appears in a section. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:section&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:section&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782, text:display 19.802, text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:section&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:section-source&gt; element indicates that a section is a linked section.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:section-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:section-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:filter-name 19.808, text:section-name 19.867, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:section-source&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Change Tracking</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The under-specification of change tracking in ODF 1.2 resulted in varying implementations of this feature. Where interoperability between implementations is required, this feature should be checked for interoperability.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element acts as a container for &lt;text:changed-region&gt; elements that represent changes in a certain scope of an OpenDocument document. This scope is the element in which the &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element occurs. Changes in this scope shall be tracked by &lt;text:changed-region&gt; elements contained in the &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element in this scope.</p>
<p>If a &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element is absent, there are no tracked changes in the corresponding scope. In this case, all change mark elements (5.5.8) in this scope shall be ignored.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element has the following attribute: text:track-changes 19.889.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</h3>
<p>Each &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element contains a single element, one of &lt;text:insertion&gt;, &lt;text:deletion&gt;, or &lt;text:format-change&gt; that corresponds to a change being tracked within the scope of the &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element that contains the &lt;text:changed-region&gt; instance. </p>
<p>The xml:id attribute of the &lt;text:changed-region&gt; is referenced from the &lt;text:change&gt;, &lt;text:change-start&gt; and &lt;text:change-end&gt; elements that identify where the change applies to markup in the scope of the &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; element.</p>
<p>A &lt;text:changed-region&gt; can be referenced by more than one change, but the corresponding referencing change mark elements shall be of the same change type - insertion, format change or deletion.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element has the following attributes: text:id 19.815 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:format-change&gt; 5.5.6 and &lt;text:insertion&gt; 5.5.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:insertion&gt; element contains the information that identifies the person responsible for a change and the date of that change. This information may also contain one or more &lt;text:p&gt; elements which contains a comment on the insertion. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:insertion&gt; element&#039;s parent &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element has an xml:id or text:id attribute, the value of which binds that parent element to the text:change-id attribute on the &lt;text:change-start&gt; and &lt;text:change-end&gt; elements. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:insertion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:insertion&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:insertion&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:deletion&gt; element contains information that identifies the person responsible for a deletion and the date of that deletion. This information may also contain one or more &lt;text:p&gt; elements which contains a comment on the deletion. The &lt;text:deletion&gt; element may also contain content that was deleted while change tracking was enabled. The position where the text was deleted is marked by a &lt;text:change&gt; element.</p>
<p>Deleted text is contained in a paragraph element. To reconstruct the original text, the paragraph containing the deleted text is merged with its surrounding paragraph or heading element.</p>
<p>To reconstruct the text before a deletion took place:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If the change mark is inside a paragraph, insert the content that was deleted, but remove all leading start tags up to and including the first &lt;text:p&gt; element and all trailing end tags up to and including the last &lt;/text:p&gt; or &lt;/text:h&gt; element. If the last trailing element is a &lt;/text:h&gt;, change the end tag &lt;/text:p&gt; following this insertion to a &lt;/text:h&gt; element. </p></li>
<li><p>If the change mark is inside a heading, insert the content that was deleted, but remove all leading start tags up to and including the first &lt;text:h&gt; element and all trailing end tags up to and including the last &lt;/text:h&gt; or &lt;/text:p&gt; element. If the last trailing element is a &lt;/text:p&gt;, change the end tag &lt;/text:h&gt; following this insertion to a &lt;/text:p&gt; element. </p></li>
<li><p>Otherwise, copy the text content of the &lt;text:deletion&gt; element in place of the change mark.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;text:deletion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:deletion&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:deletion&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:format-change&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:format-change&gt; element represents any change in formatting attributes. The region where the change took place is marked by &lt;text:change-start&gt;, &lt;text:change-end&gt; or &lt;text:change&gt; elements. </p>
<p>Note: This element does not contain formatting changes that have taken place.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:format-change&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:format-change&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:format-change&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;office:change-info&gt; element represents who made a change and when. It may also contain a comment (one or more &lt;text:p&gt; elements) on the change.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:change-info&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3, &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:format-change&gt; 5.5.6 and &lt;text:insertion&gt; 5.5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:change-info&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:change-info&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dc:creator&gt; 4.3.2.7, &lt;dc:date&gt; 4.3.2.10 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>Change Marks</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p>The change mark elements mark start, end and positions in a text where a change has occurred. </p>
<p>These elements use the text:change-id attribute to link to &lt;text:changed-region&gt; elements that contain the change information. </p>
<h4>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</h4>
<p> The &lt;text:change-start&gt; element marks the start of a region with content where text has been inserted or the format has been changed.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:change-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:change-start&gt; element has the following attribute: text:change-id 19.771.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:change-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:change-end&gt; element marks the end of a region with content where text has been inserted or the format has been changed.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:change-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:change-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:change-id 19.771.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:change-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:change&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:change&gt; element marks a position in an empty region where text has been deleted.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:change&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:change&gt; element has the following attribute: text:change-id 19.771.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:change&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; element represents a soft page break within or between paragraph elements.</p>
<p>As a child element of a &lt;table:table&gt; element it represents a soft page break between two table rows. It may appear in front of a &lt;table:table-row&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; 9.1.7, &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9, &lt;table:table-rows&gt; 9.1.8, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Document Declarations</h2>
<p>The following declaration elements appear before the main content element of a document: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3 – declarations for variable fields. </p></li>
<li><p>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 – declarations for user-defined fields. </p></li>
<li><p>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12 – declarations for sequence fields.</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12 – declarations for DDE fields and DDE sections.</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3 – declaration for generation of alphabetical indexes. </p></li>
</ul>
<h1>Paragraph Elements Content</h1>
<h2>Basic Text Content</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The paragraph elements &lt;text:p&gt; and &lt;text:h&gt; and their descendant elements contain the text content of any document. The <em>character content</em> of a paragraph consists of the character data of the paragraph element and the character data of its descendant elements concatenated in document order, with the following exceptions:</p>
<p>Character data contained in the following elements or their descendant elements are not included in the character content of a paragraph:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&lt;text:note-body&gt;. 6.3.4.</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;. 7.5.19</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;office:annotation&gt;. 14.1</p></li>
<li><p>Drawing shape and frame elements defined in sections 10.3, 10.4, 10.5 and 10.6.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: This should significantly ease transformations into other formats, since transformations need not interpret most of the descendant elements of a paragraph element to obtain the character content of a paragraph.</p>
<p>The phrase &quot;document order&quot; when used with reference to an OpenDocument document instance is defined by §5.0 Data Model [XPath]. </p>
<h3>White Space Characters</h3>
<p>Consumers shall collapse white space characters that occur in </p>
<ul>
<li><p>a &lt;text:p&gt; or &lt;text:h&gt; element (so-called paragraph elements), and </p></li>
<li><p>in their descendant elements, if the OpenDocument schema permits &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4 or &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.4 as element content..</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Collapsing white space characters is defined by the following algorithm:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Descendant &lt;text:ruby&gt; elements are replaced with their &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; child elements.</p></li>
<li><p>Descendant elements of the paragraph element which are not &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; or &lt;text:line-break&gt; elements and for which the OpenDocument schema does not permit &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; and &lt;text:line-break&gt; as child elements are removed from the paragraph element.</p></li>
<li><p>Descendant elements of the paragraph element for which the OpenDocument schema permits &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; and &lt;text:line-break&gt; as child elements are replaced by their character data and &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; and &lt;text:line-break&gt; element children.</p></li>
<li><p>The following [UNICODE] characters are replaced by a “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>HORIZONTAL TABULATION (U+0009)</p></li>
<li><p>CARRIAGE RETURN (U+000D)</p></li>
<li><p>LINE FEED (U+000A)</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>Leading “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters at the start of the resulting text and trailing SPACE characters at the end of the resulting text are removed.</p></li>
<li><p>Sequences of “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters are replaced by a single “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character. </p></li>
<li><p>The remaining &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; and &lt;text:line-break&gt; elements are interpreted as the [UNICODE] white space characters they represent.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>OpenDocument producers shall produce paragraph elements that, when consumed according to this algorithm, result in the expected amount of white space.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall either process white space such that the result is equivalent to the result of the given algorithm, or implement a variation that increases interoperability with popular OpenDocument 1.2 producers. The variation replaces step 2 of the algorithm with steps 2a and 2b:</p>
<p>2a) Descendant elements of the paragraph element that are mark elements (&lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4,&lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3,&lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2<br />
&lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2,&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4,&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3,&lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2<br />
&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4,&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3,&lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4,&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3,&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2,&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7,&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6,&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5,&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10,&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9,&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8) are removed from the paragraph element.</p>
<p>2b) Descendant elements of the paragraph element which are not &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; or &lt;text:line-break&gt; elements and for which the OpenDocument schema does not permit &lt;text:s&gt;, &lt;text:tab&gt; and &lt;text:line-break&gt; as child elements are replaced with a hypothetical &lt;text:s text:c=&quot;0&quot;/&gt; element. </p>
<p>Note: XML formatting software that does not implement the ODF white space rules may introduce or remove spaces.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:s&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:s&gt; element is used to represent the [UNICODE] character “ “ (U+0020, SPACE).</p>
<p>This element shall be used to represent the second and all following “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters in a sequence of “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters.</p>
<p>Note: It is not an error if the character preceding the element is not a white space character, but it is good practice to use this element only for the second and all following “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters in a sequence. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:s&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:s&gt; element has the following attribute: text:c 19.768.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:s&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:tab&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:tab&gt; element represents the [UNICODE] tab character (HORIZONTAL TABULATION, U+0009). A &lt;text:tab&gt; element specifies that content immediately following it should align at the next tab stop.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:tab&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:tab&gt; element has the following attribute: text:tab-ref 19.883.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:tab&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:line-break&gt; element represents a line break.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:line-break&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:line-break&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:line-break&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>Soft Hyphens, Hyphens, and Non-breaking Spaces</h3>
<p>Soft hyphens, hyphens, and non-breaking blanks are represented by [UNICODE] characters.</p>
<p>Table 8 - Unicode characters</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>The [UNICODE] character...</p></td><td><p>Represents...</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U-00AD SOFT HYPHEN</p></td><td><p>soft hyphen</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U+2011 NON-BREAKING HYPHEN</p></td><td><p>non-breaking hyphen</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U+OOA0 NO BREAK SPACE</p></td><td><p>non-breaking space</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3>&lt;text:span&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:span&gt; element represents the application of a style to the character data of a portion of text. The content of this element is the text which uses that text style.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:span&gt; element can be nested.</p>
<p>White space characters contained in this element are collapsed.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:span&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:span&gt; element has the following attributes: text:class-names 19.775 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:span&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:a&gt; element represents a hyperlink.</p>
<p>The anchor of a hyperlink is composed of the character data contained in the &lt;text:a&gt; element and any of its descendant elements which constitute the character data of the paragraph element which contains the &lt;text:a&gt; element. 6.1.1</p>
<p>The &lt;text:a&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:a&gt; element has the following attributes: office:name 19.380, office:target-frame-name 19.385, office:title 19.387, text:style-name 19.880, text:visited-style-name 19.907, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:a&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:meta&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:meta&gt; element represents portions of text that have in-content metadata attached. See 19.911.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:meta&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:meta&gt; element has the following attributes: xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:meta&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:number&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:number&gt; element contains the text of a formatted number which is present when a list style is applied to an element whose corresponding list level style specifies that the list label is a number. This text may be used by consumers that do not support the automatic generation of numbering but should be ignored by consumers that do support it. </p>
<p>This element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4 and &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:number&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:number&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:number&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>Bookmarks and References</h2>
<h3>Bookmarks</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p>There are two types of bookmarks:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A point reference</p>
<p>A point reference marks a position in text and is represented by a single &lt;text:bookmark&gt; element.</p></li>
<li><p>A bookmark reference</p>
<p>A bookmark reference marks a range of characters in text and is represented by two elements; a &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; element to mark the start of the range and a following &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; element to mark the end of the range.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Every reference is identified by the value of its text:name attribute, which shall be unique. In a bookmark reference, the start and end elements shall use the same attribute value.</p>
<p>Bookmark references support overlapping references. </p>
<h4>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark&gt; element marks a text position. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; element marks the start position of a bookmark in a text range.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; element marks the end position of a bookmark in a text range.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>References</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p>There are two types of reference marks:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A point reference</p>
<p>A point reference marks a position in text and is represented by a single &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; element.</p></li>
<li><p>A range reference</p>
<p>A range reference marks a range of characters in text and is represented by two elements; a &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; element to mark the start of the range and a following &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; element to mark the end of the range.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Every reference is identified by the value of its text:name attribute, which shall be unique. In a range reference, the start and end elements shall use the same attribute value.</p>
<p>Range references support overlapping references. </p>
<h4>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; element represents a point reference.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; element represent the start of a range reference.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; element represent the end of a range reference.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Notes</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Notes consist of a &lt;text:note&gt; element which occurs in the text stream at the position to which the note is anchored. The numbering and rendering of notes is specified by a &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; element, which occurs inside an &lt;office:styles&gt; element.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:note&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:note&gt; element represents text notes which are attached to a text position.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note&gt; element has the following attributes: text:id 19.815 and text:note-class 19.843.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:note-citation&gt; 6.3.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:note-citation&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:note-citation&gt; element contains a citation, either as a formatted number or a string.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-citation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-citation&gt; element has the following attribute: text:label 19.832.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-citation&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-citation&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:note-body&gt; element contains the content of a note. It does not have any attributes.</p>
<p>Note: The schema allows for the inclusion of &lt;text:note&gt; elements as a descendant of a child of the &lt;text:note-body&gt; element. While this may be reasonable for note types, it is not reasonable for footnotes and endnotes. Conforming consumers need not support notes inside notes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-body&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-body&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-body&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>A ruby is additional text that is displayed above or below a base text. The purpose of a ruby is to annotate a base text or to provide information about its pronunciation.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; 6.4.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; element contains the text that is to be annotated. It contains any paragraph element content, such as text spans. The element&#039;s text:style-name attribute references a ruby style that specifies formatting attributes of the ruby.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; element contains an annotation text. It contains only plain text. The element&#039;s text:style-name attribute references a text style that specifies further formatting attributes used for the annotation text.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h1>Text Fields</h1>
<h2>General</h2>
<p>OpenDocument text documents or OpenDocument text content embedded in other types of documents may contain variable text elements called fields. Fields are commonly used for:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Page numbers<br />
A page number field displays the number of the page on which it appears.</p></li>
<li><p>Creation dates<br />
A creation date field displays the date on which a document was created.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2>Common Characteristics of Field Elements</h2>
<p>Each field type is represented by a corresponding element type. The content of an element is a textual representation of the current field value as it would be displayed or printed by an implementation that supports that field. </p>
<p>The value of a field is stored in an attribute. Storage of the value enables recalculation of the presentation of a field. </p>
<p>Note: For string values, if a value is identical to a presentation, the value attribute can be omitted to avoid duplicate storage of information.</p>
<p>The presentation of information in a field is determined by the style applied to the field. </p>
<h2>Document Fields</h2>
<h3>GeneralDocument fields display information about the current document or about a specific part of the current document.</h3>
<h3>&lt;text:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:date&gt; element displays a date, By default this is the current date. The date can be adjusted to display a date other than the current date.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:date&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:date-adjust 19.798, text:date-value 19.799 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:date&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:time&gt; element displays a time. By default this is the current time.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:time&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:fixed 19.809, text:time-adjust 19.886 and text:time-value 19.887.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:time&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:time&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:page-number&gt; element displays the current page number.</p>
<p>If a number style is not specified for page numbers, the default is the default number style of the current page style. </p>
<p>Note: The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element displays the total number of pages in a document. 7.5.18.2</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-number&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, text:fixed 19.809, text:page-adjust 19.851 and text:select-page 19.869.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-number&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-number&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; element contains a text notice that is displayed or printed at the bottom of a page to indicate that the preceding text continues on the next page.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; element has the following attributes: text:select-page 19.869 and text:string-value 19.877.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>Subsequent Author Fields</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p>Subsequent author fields capture information about second and following authors for a document. </p>
<p>Note: In OpenDocument 1.0/1.1, these fields were referenced as “sender” fields and that terminology still appears in the names of these elements. </p>
<p>If a subsequent author field is marked fixed using the text:fixed 19.809 attribute, the original information in that field is preserved. Otherwise, the information is updated each time the file is edited.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; element represents the first name of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; element represents the last name of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; element represents the initials of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-title&gt; element represents the title of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-title&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-title&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-title&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-title&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-position&gt; element represents the position of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-position&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-position&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-position&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-position&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-email&gt; element represents the email address of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-email&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-email&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-email&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-email&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; element represents the private telephone number of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; element represents the facsimile number of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-company&gt; element represents the name of the company that employs a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-company&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-company&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-company&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-company&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; element represents the office telephone number of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-street&gt; element represents the street address of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-street&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-street&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-street&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-street&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-city&gt; element represents the city name of the address of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-city&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-city&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-city&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-city&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; element represents the postal code of the address of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-country&gt; element represents the country name of the address of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-country&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-country&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-country&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-country&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; element represents the state or province name of the address of a subsequent author, if applicable.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>Author Fields</h3>
<h4>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:author-name&gt; element represents the full name of the author of a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:author-name&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:author-name&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:author-name&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:author-name&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:author-initials&gt; element represents the initials of the author of a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:author-initials&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:author-initials&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:author-initials&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:author-initials&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element represents a field that displays one of the following:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The name of the current chapter</p></li>
<li><p>The number of the current chapter</p></li>
<li><p>Both the name and number of the current chapter</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If this element is placed inside a header or footer, it displays the current chapter name or number on every page.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element has the following attributes: text:display 19.802 and text:outline-level 19.850.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:file-name&gt; element represents a field that displays the name of a file that is being edited.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:file-name&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:file-name&gt; element has the following attributes: text:display 19.802 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:file-name&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:file-name&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:template-name&gt; element represents a field that displays information about the document template in use.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:template-name&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:template-name&gt; element has the following attribute: text:display 19.802.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:template-name&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:template-name&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; element represents the name of the current sheet..</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h2>Variable Fields</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>OpenDocument documents can contain variables, which are processed or displayed using variable fields. In an OpenDocument file, variable declarations shall precede in document order any use of those variable declarations. </p>
<p>There are three types of variables:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>Simple variables</strong></p>
<p>Simple variables, or variables, can take different values at different positions in a document. Simple variables can be set using either setter or input fields. Setter fields contain an expression, which is used to compute the new value of the variable. Input fields prompt the user for the new value. </p>
<p>Note: Simple variables can be used to display different text in recurring elements, such as headers or footers.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>User variables</strong></p>
<p>If a user variable is set anywhere within the document, all fields in a document that display that user variable have the same value.  The value of the user variable can only be set after the variable is declared.</p>
<p>Note: In a consumer&#039;s user interface, a user variable can be set at any occurrence of a user field, or by using user variable input fields.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Sequence variables</strong></p>
<p>Sequence variables are used to number items in an OpenDocument text document</p>
<p>Note: Sequence variables can be used to number images or tables in a text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The value of a sequence variable is initialized to 0 (zero) by its declaration. </p>
<p>Variables shall be declared before they can be used. The OpenDocument elements for declaring variables are described in sections 7.4.3, 7.4.8 and 7.4.12.</p>
<p>The display of variables is determined by styles which are specified by the element that defines the variable.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; element is a container for &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; element is used to declare simple variables. This element specifies the name and the value type of a variable.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; element has the following attributes: office:value-type 19.389 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element represents a simple variable. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, style:data-style-name 19.473, text:display 19.802, text:formula 19.811 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-get&gt; element sets the display of the value of a simple variable. The value of this element is the value of the last preceding &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element with an identical value for its text:name attribute.</p>
<p>If there is no preceding &lt;text:variable-set&gt; element with an identical value for its text:name attribute the value of a &lt;text:variable-get&gt; field is undefined. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-get&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-get&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:display 19.802 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-get&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-get&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-input&gt; element represents user supplied variable values. This element can be empty if its text:display attribute is set to none.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-input&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-input&gt; element has the following attributes: office:value-type 19.389, style:data-style-name 19.473, text:description 19.801, text:display 19.802 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-input&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:variable-input&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; element is a container for &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element is used to specify user variable values that are displayed using the &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, text:formula 19.811 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element displays the content of a user variable. The value of this element is the value of a &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element with a text:name attribute value that matches the text:name attribute of this element.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:display 19.802 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; element is an alternative method of displaying user variables. The value of this element is the value of a &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; element with a text:name attribute value that matches the text:name attribute of this element.</p>
<p>This element can be empty if the text:display attribute is set to none.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:description 19.801 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; element is a container for &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; element is used to declare sequence variables used to number items within an OpenDocument text document. </p>
<p>Note: Sequence variables are commonly used for sequential numbering. However, expression formulas can be included in sequence fields to support more advanced sequences.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; element has the following attributes: text:display-outline-level 19.804, text:name 19.841 and text:separation-character 19.870.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</h3>
<p>A &lt;text:sequence&gt; element specifies a sequence field.</p>
<p>A sequence field changes the value of a sequence variable by a specified formula and displays the changed value of the sequence variable in a specified format. </p>
<p>Note: Sequence variables and fields are used to number repeating document elements such as pages, tables or images. In such cases, the formula could be: &quot;sequenceVariableName + 1.&quot; A sequence variable can be set to a specific value or not changed at all.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, text:formula 19.811, text:name 19.841 and text:ref-name 19.859.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:expression&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:expression&gt; element represents expressions that are evaluated and the resulting value displayed.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:expression&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:expression&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, style:data-style-name 19.473, text:display 19.802 and text:formula 19.811.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:expression&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:expression&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:text-input&gt; element is a text input field. A text input field is used in a user interface to prompt a user to input text. This text is stored and displayed as the content of this element until it is replaced by a user.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:text-input&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:text-input&gt; element has the following attribute: text:description 19.801.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:text-input&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:text-input&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:drop-down&gt; element is a drop-down list input field. A drop-down list input field is used in a user interface to prompt a user to select a value from a list of options. The selected value is stored and displayed as the content of this element until it is changed by a user.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:drop-down&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:drop-down&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:drop-down&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:label&gt; 7.4.17.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:drop-down&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:label&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:label&gt; element defines an entry in a drop-down list.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:label&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:label&gt; element has the following attributes: text:current-selected 19.790 and text:value 19.906.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:label&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Metadata Fields</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Metadata field elements display meta information about a document.</p>
<p>All metadata field elements can be marked as fixed using the text:fixed attribute. 19.809</p>
<h3>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:initial-creator&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.6</p>
<p>The &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:creation-date&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:creation-date&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.9</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creation-date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creation-date&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:date-value 19.799 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creation-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creation-date&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:creation-time&gt; element represents the time at which a document was created.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creation-time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creation-time&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:fixed 19.809 and text:time-value 19.887.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creation-time&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creation-time&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:description&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:description&gt; element displays the content contained in the &lt;dc:description&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.3</p>
<p>The &lt;text:description&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:description&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:description&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:description&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element displays the value contained in a &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element of a document. 4.3.3</p>
<p>Note: The link between a &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element and a &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element is established by the text:name and meta:name attributes, respectively, containing the same value.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, style:data-style-name 19.473, text:fixed 19.809 and text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-defined&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:print-time&gt; element represents the time at which a document was last printed.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:print-time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:print-time&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:fixed 19.809 and text:time-value 19.887.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:print-time&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:print-time&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:print-date&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:print-date&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.11</p>
<p>The &lt;text:print-date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:print-date&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:date-value 19.799 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:print-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:print-date&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:printed-by&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:printed-by&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.8</p>
<p>The &lt;text:printed-by&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:printed-by&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:printed-by&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:printed-by&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:title&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;dc:title&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.2</p>
<p>The &lt;text:title&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:title&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:title&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:title&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:subject&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:subject&gt; element displays the values contained in the &lt;dc:subject&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.4</p>
<p>The &lt;text:subject&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:subject&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:subject&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:subject&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:keywords&gt; element displays a list of keywords contained in the &lt;meta:keyword&gt; elements of a document. </p>
<p>The format of a list of keywords is implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:keywords&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:keywords&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:keywords&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:keywords&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.16</p>
<p>The &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;meta:editing-duration&gt; element of a document. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:duration 19.805 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:modification-time&gt; element represents the time at which a document was last modified.</p>
<p>This element displays the time information portion of the value of the &lt;dc:date&gt; element. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:modification-time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:modification-time&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:fixed 19.809 and text:time-value 19.887.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:modification-time&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:modification-time&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:modification-date&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;dc:date&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.10</p>
<p>The &lt;text:modification-date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:modification-date&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:date-value 19.799 and text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:modification-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:modification-date&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:creator&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:creator&gt; element displays the value contained in the &lt;dc:creator&gt; element of a document. 4.3.2.7</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creator&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creator&gt; element has the following attribute: text:fixed 19.809.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:creator&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>Document Statistics Fields</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p>The contents of &lt;text:word-count&gt; and &lt;text:character-count&gt; elements are locale-specific and are not defined by OpenDocument. </p>
<h4>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:page-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.332</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:paragraph-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.333</p>
<p>The &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:word-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:word-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.339</p>
<p>The &lt;text:word-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:word-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:word-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:word-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:character-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:character-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.322</p>
<p>The &lt;text:character-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:character-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:character-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:character-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:table-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:table-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.337</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:image-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:image-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.327</p>
<p>The &lt;text:image-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:image-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:image-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:image-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:object-count&gt; element displays the value of the meta:object-count attribute of the &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; element of a document. 19.330</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-count&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-count&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-count&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-count&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element represents content from a metadata source. The mixed content of this element should be generated from the metadata source. The source of the metadata and the means of generation of the mixed content is implementation-dependent. The &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element may contain any paragraph content. </p>
<p>Note: Alterations of the element&#039;s mixed content may be lost if the mixed content is subsequently refreshed from a metadata source.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:meta-field&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2, &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5, &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3, &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8, &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8, &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11, &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:line-break&gt; 6.1.5, &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2, &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4, &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5, &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4, &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8, &lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10, &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4, &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3, &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10, &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5, &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6, &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<h2>Database Fields</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Documents can reference databases and display database information as text content. To display database information, the OpenDocument schema uses a group of text fields, collectively called database fields. Consumers may use database tables from SQL servers, therefore database fields can be used to access any SQL database, provided that the appropriate drivers are available. [SQL]</p>
<p>A database may contain the following components:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Tables, which store data.</p></li>
<li><p>Queries, which extract a subset of data from one or more tables.</p></li>
<li><p>Forms, which present data. 12.25.2</p></li>
<li><p>Reports, which summarize database content. 12.25.3</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Database fields operate on a set of database rows, the so called <em>current selection</em>, which is either a database table, or the result of a database query. The current selection is determined by the data source information that is contained in database fields. The current selection is retrieved once per document and data source, regardless of the number of database fields that are associated with a data source.</p>
<p>Database fields display data contained in a particular database row within the current selection. The row within the current selection is controlled by database fields and is known as the current row.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; element specifies a source database.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6 and &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; element has the following attribute: xlink:href 19.916.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:database-display&gt; element represents data from the current database row.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-display&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-display&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:column-name 19.776, text:database-name 19.797, text:table-name 19.884 and text:table-type 19.885.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-display&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-display&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:database-next&gt; element selects the database row following the one currently displayed in a &lt;text:database-display&gt; field.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-next&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-next&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782, text:database-name 19.797, text:table-name 19.884 and text:table-type 19.885.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-next&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element selects a specific row from a current selection.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782, text:database-name 19.797, text:row-number 19.865, text:table-name 19.884 and text:table-type 19.885.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element displays the current row number for a given table. The element displays the row number from a database and not the row number of a current selection that is used as an attribute value in the &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, text:database-name 19.797, text:table-name 19.884, text:table-type 19.885 and text:value 19.906.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:database-name&gt; element displays the database and table name of the last used table.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-name&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-name&gt; element has the following attributes: text:database-name 19.797, text:table-name 19.884 and text:table-type 19.885.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-name&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:database-name&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h2>More Fields</h2>
<h3>Page Variable Fields</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p>Page variables enable an alternative page numbering to be defined for documents. Each page has only one active set page variable field.  The calculation of a page variable is controlled by the text:active attribute</p>
<h4>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; element is used to set a page variable.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; element has the following attributes: text:active 19.755 and text:page-adjust 19.851.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element displays the value of a page variable.</p>
<p>If the text:active attribute 19.755, has the value of false, the &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element will have no display for that page.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504 and style:num-letter-sync 19.505.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element is a placeholder for replacement by content of a particular type as specified in the mandatory text:placeholder-type attribute.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers that support the &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element shall use the text:description attribute value as the placeholder text, and shall ensure that this text clearly indicates that it is a placeholder for content of the specified type.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element has the following attributes: text:description 19.801 and text:placeholder-type 19.853.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:placeholder&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; element specifies a condition for display of one text string or another. If the condition is true, the text:string-value-if-true 19.879 attribute value is displayed. If the condition is false, the text:string-value-if-false 19.878 attribute value is displayed.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782, text:current-value 19.791, text:string-value-if-false 19.878 and text:string-value-if-true 19.879.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; element hides the text it contains when its text:condition attribute evaluates to true. </p>
<p>(more edits pending here)</p>
<p>If its text:condition attribute is missing or evaluates to false, the text content is displayed. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782, text:is-hidden 19.821 and text:string-value 19.877.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt; </h3>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; element represents a field that references a &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3 or &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2 element. Its text:reference-format 19.860 attribute specifies what is displayed according to the context of he referenced element.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; element has the following attributes: text:ref-name 19.859 and text:reference-format 19.860.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; element represents a field that references a &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3 or &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2 element. Its text:reference-format 19.860 attribute specifies what is displayed according to the context of the referenced element.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; element has the following attributes: text:ref-name 19.859 and text:reference-format 19.860.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:note-ref&gt; element represents a field that references a &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2 element. Its text:reference-format 19.860 attribute specifies what is displayed from the referenced element.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-ref&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-ref&gt; element has the following attributes: text:note-class 19.843, text:ref-name 19.859 and text:reference-format 19.860.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-ref&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; element represents a field that references a &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13 element. Its text:reference-format 19.860 attribute specifies what is displayed according to the context of the referenced element.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; element has the following attributes: text:ref-name 19.859 and text:reference-format 19.860.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:script&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element represents a field that stores scripts or sections of scripts.</p>
<p>Note: The primary purpose of this field is to provide an equivalent to the &lt;script&gt; element in [HTML4], so that the content of a &lt;script&gt; element in HTML can be imported, edited, and exported using office application software.</p>
<p>The source code for the script can be stored in one of the following ways:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element contains the source code.</p></li>
<li><p>The source code is stored in an external file. The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of the source file.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The element shall have either an xlink:href attribute or content, but not both.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element has the following attributes: script:language 19.434, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:script&gt; element has character data content. Character data content is only permitted if a xlink:href attribute is not present.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; element represents a field that contains the name of a macro that is executed when the field is activated. The element may contain a text description of the macro. The name of the macro to be executed is specified by the text:name attribute. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; element has the following attribute: text:name 19.841.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element is a field that represents a condition. If the condition evaluates to false, the paragraph where this element appears is displayed unless the paragraph is enclosed in any other hiding element. If the condition evaluates to true, the paragraph is hidden unless the paragraph contains another &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element whose condition evaluates to false. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element has the following attributes: text:condition 19.782 and text:is-hidden 19.821.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; element represents a field that is information from a DDE connection. The content of this field is the last data that was received from a DDE connection. This is used as the content of this field if the DDE connection cannot be accessed.</p>
<p>See 14.7 for the use of DDE connections.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; element has the following attribute: text:connection-name 19.783.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:measure&gt; element represents a field that displays measure text. It can only be used within text that is contained in measure drawing objects.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:measure&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:measure&gt; element has the following attribute: text:kind 19.831.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:measure&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:measure&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-formula&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:table-formula&gt; element field is deprecated. It stores a formula to be used in tables.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-formula&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-formula&gt; element has the following attributes: style:data-style-name 19.473, text:display 19.802 and text:formula 19.811.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-formula&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-formula&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h1>Text Indexes</h1>
<h2>Index Marks</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>OpenDocument text documents may contain automatically generated indexes. An index contains a sorted list of items of a specified type, where the sorting and the type of items are determined by the type of index.</p>
<p>There are three types of index marks that correspond to the three types of index that make use of index marks. The three types of index marks are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Table of contents index marks</p></li>
<li><p>User-defined index marks</p></li>
<li><p>Alphabetical index marks</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The rules for index marks are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Index marks are represented by start and end elements or by non-enclosing index point elements.</p></li>
<li><p>Start and end index elements use the text:id attribute to match start and end elements for an index mark.</p></li>
<li><p>Start and end index elements shall be contained in the same paragraph, with the start element occurring first in document order.</p></li>
<li><p>The attributes associated with an index mark are attached to the start element.</p></li>
<li><p>The text between the start and end index elements is the text of the index entry.</p></li>
<li><p>Index marks can overlap.</p></li>
</ul>
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; element marks the start of a table of contents index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; element has the following attributes: text:id 19.815 and text:outline-level 19.850.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; element marks the end of a table of contents index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:id 19.815.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; element represents a table of content index mark that does not enclose content. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; element has the following attributes: text:outline-level 19.850 and text:string-value 19.877.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; element marks the start of a user-defined index entry. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; element has the following attributes: text:id 19.815, text:index-name 19.817 and text:outline-level 19.850.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; element marks the end of the user-defined index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:id 19.815.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; element represents a user-defined index mark that does not enclose content.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; element has the following attributes: text:index-name 19.817, text:outline-level 19.850 and text:string-value 19.877.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; element marks the start of an alphabetical index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; element has the following attributes: text:id 19.815, text:key1 19.827, text:key1-phonetic 19.829, text:key2 19.828, text:key2-phonetic 19.830, text:main-entry 19.837 and text:string-value-phonetic 19.876.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; element marks the end of an alphabetical index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:id 19.815.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; element represents a user-defined index mark that does not enclose content.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; element has the following attributes: text:key1 19.827, text:key1-phonetic 19.829, text:key2 19.828, text:key2-phonetic 19.830, text:main-entry 19.837, text:string-value 19.877 and text:string-value-phonetic 19.876.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; element contains the text and information for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; element has the following attributes: text:address 19.756, text:annote 19.760, text:author 19.761, text:bibliography-type 19.763, text:booktitle 19.764, text:chapter 19.772, text:custom1 19.792, text:custom2 19.793, text:custom3 19.794, text:custom4 19.795, text:custom5 19.796, text:edition 19.806, text:editor 19.807, text:howpublished 19.813, text:identifier 19.816, text:institution 19.820, text:isbn 19.823, text:issn 19.824, text:journal 19.825, text:month 19.840, text:note 19.842, text:number 19.844, text:organizations 19.849, text:pages 19.852, text:publisher 19.858, text:report-type 19.862, text:school 19.866, text:series 19.868, text:title 19.888, text:url 19.890, text:volume 19.908 and text:year 19.909.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h2>Index Structure</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>An index consists of two parts: the index source, and the index body. </p>
<p>The index source is specific to the type of index it is being used for. It contains the information necessary to generate the index content. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:index-body&gt; element contains an index.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-body&gt; element is used for all types of indexes. It contains the index content generated to form the index.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-body&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-body&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-body&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:index-title&gt; element contains the title of an index. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-title&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2 and &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-title&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-title&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element represents a table of contents for a document. </p>
<p>The items that can be listed in a table of contents are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Headings (as defined by the outline structure of the document), up to a selected level.</p></li>
<li><p>Table of contents index marks.</p></li>
<li><p>Paragraphs formatted with specified paragraph styles.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: Paragraphs may be selected for inclusion in a table of contents based on their styles. Selection is based on a paragraph&#039;s style matching a style specified by the &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; child element of a &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; child element of a &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element, when the text:use-index-source-styles attribute of the child &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element has the value true.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2 and &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element specifies how a table of contents is generated. It also specifies the styles to be applied to index entries.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:index-scope 19.818, text:outline-level 19.850, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861, text:use-index-marks 19.896, text:use-index-source-styles 19.897 and text:use-outline-level 19.902.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; 8.10, &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12 and &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; element specifies the format of an index entry for a specified outline level. </p>
<p>For each &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element, there shall not be more than one &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; for a specified outline level. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; element has the following attributes: text:outline-level 19.850 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8, &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; element represents an index of the images and graphics in a current document or chapter. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2 and &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; element specifies how an index of illustrations is generated.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:caption-sequence-format 19.769, text:caption-sequence-name 19.770, text:index-scope 19.818, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861 and text:use-caption 19.891.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3 and &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; element specifies the format of an index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8, &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index&gt; element represents an index of the tables in a document or chapter.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2 and &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; element specifies how an index of tables is generated.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:caption-sequence-format 19.769, text:caption-sequence-name 19.770, text:index-scope 19.818, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861 and text:use-caption 19.891.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12 and &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; element specifies the format of an index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8, &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index&gt; element represents an index of the objects in a document or chapter. The types of objects that should be included in the index are defined by the &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; element. 8.6.2</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2 and &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; element specifies which object types to include in the index of objects. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:index-scope 19.818, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861, text:use-chart-objects 19.892, text:use-draw-objects 19.893, text:use-math-objects 19.899, text:use-other-objects 19.901 and text:use-spreadsheet-objects 19.904.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12 and &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; element specifies the format of an index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8, &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index&gt; element represents a user-defined index. A user-defined index may include entries from the following sources:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Index marks</p></li>
<li><p>Paragraphs formatted using specified paragraph styles</p></li>
<li><p>Tables, images, or objects</p></li>
<li><p>Text frames</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; element defines the generation of user-defined indexes. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; element has the following attributes: text:copy-outline-levels 19.787, text:index-name 19.817, text:index-scope 19.818, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861, text:use-floating-frames 19.894, text:use-graphics 19.895, text:use-index-marks 19.896, text:use-index-source-styles 19.897, text:use-objects 19.900 and text:use-tables 19.905.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; 8.10, &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; element contains entry elements for chapter number, page number, entry text, text spans, and tab stops.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following attributes: text:outline-level 19.850 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8, &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; element represents an index which is based on alphabetical index marks. The entries in an alphabetical index are sorted.</p>
<p>Note: Sort orders are locale-specific.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2 and &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; element specifies how an alphabetical index is generated.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:country 19.234, fo:language 19.236, fo:script 19.242, style:rfc-language-tag 19.516, text:alphabetical-separators 19.757, text:capitalize-entries 19.767, text:combine-entries 19.777, text:combine-entries-with-dash 19.778, text:combine-entries-with-pp 19.779, text:comma-separated 19.780, text:ignore-case 19.819, text:index-scope 19.818, text:main-entry-style-name 19.838, text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861, text:sort-algorithm 19.871 and text:use-keys-as-entries 19.898.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4 and &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; element specifies an auto mark file. An auto mark file is a file that defines a list of terms that may be used by consumers to automatically insert alphabetical index marks (see 8.1.8, 8.1.10).</p>
<p>The format of an index mark file is implementation-defined. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; element has the following attributes: xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; element specifies the format of an alphabetical index entry. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following attributes: text:outline-level 19.850 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1, &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4, &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6 and &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography&gt; element represents a bibliography constructed from bibliography index marks.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography&gt; element has the following attributes: text:name 19.841, text:protected 19.855, text:protection-key 19.856, text:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.857, text:style-name 19.880 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; 8.9.2 and &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; element specifies how a bibliography is generated.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3 and &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; element specifies the formatting for a bibliographic entry. </p>
<p>There shall be no more than one &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; element for each type of entry within any &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; element. 8.9.2</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; 8.9.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; element has the following attributes: text:bibliography-type 19.763 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; 8.13.5, &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4 and &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element contains all of the &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; elements for a specified outline level. There can only be one &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element for each outline level.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element has the following attribute: text:outline-level 19.850.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; 8.11.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; element specifies the name of a style or a class. Paragraphs formatted using that style or class are included in the index.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; 8.10.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element specifies the style and content of the index title. There can only be one &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element contained in a &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2, &lt;text:bibliography-source&gt; 8.9.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2, &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h2>Index Template Entries</h2>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; element represents the chapter number where an index entry is located. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4, &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; element has the following attributes: text:display 19.802, text:outline-level 19.850 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; element contains the text of an index entry. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4, &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; element represents the number of the chapter where an index entry is located. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4, &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; element represents a fixed string within an index entry. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4, &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3, &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; element specifies the field of a bibliographic entry that will be displayed in an index.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; element has the following attributes: text:bibliography-data-field 19.762 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; element represents a tab stop within an index entry. </p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4, &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3, &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; element has the following attributes: style:leader-char 19.487, style:position 19.512, style:type 19.519 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; element represents the start of a hyperlink index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; element represents the end of a hyperlink index entry.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3, &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3, &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3, &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3 and &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; element has the following attribute: text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h1>Tables</h1>
<h2>Basic Tables</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The representation of tables is based on the concept of grids of rows and columns. In markup, rows are partitioned into table cells. Columns are implied by taking together all cells with the same position within the rows. </p>
<p>Rows and columns appear in <em>row groups</em> and <em>column groups</em>. These groups specify whether to repeat a row or column on the next page.</p>
<p>Note: There is only one model for tables, although tables, such as for spreadsheets, may have additional capabilities when compared to tables in text documents.</p>
<p>Tables may be nested; that is, tables may occur within tables.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table&gt; element is the root element for a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11, &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:dde-link&gt; 14.7.4, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table&gt; element has the following attributes: table:is-sub-table 19.659, table:name 19.677, table:print 19.697, table:print-ranges 19.698, table:protected 19.700, table:protection-key 19.701, table:protection-key-digest-algorithm 19.702, table:style-name 19.730, table:template-name 19.737, table:use-banding-columns-styles 19.741, table:use-banding-rows-styles 19.742, table:use-first-column-styles 19.743, table:use-first-row-styles 19.744, table:use-last-column-styles 19.745, table:use-last-row-styles 19.746 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5, &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2, &lt;table:desc&gt; 9.1.14, &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11, &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6, &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10, &lt;table:table-columns&gt; 9.1.12, &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; 9.1.11, &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; 9.1.7, &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3, &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9, &lt;table:table-rows&gt; 9.1.8, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6, &lt;table:title&gt; 9.1.13, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table-row&gt; element represents a row in a table. It contains elements that specify the cells of the table row.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-row&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; 9.1.7, &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9 and &lt;table:table-rows&gt; 9.1.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-row&gt; element has the following attributes: table:default-cell-style-name 19.619, table:number-rows-repeated 19.681, table:style-name 19.730, table:visibility 19.754 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-row&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table-cell&gt; element represents a table cell. It is contained in a table row element. A table cell can contain paragraphs and other text content as well as nested tables. Table cells may span multiple columns and rows. Table cells may be empty.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-cell&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-cell&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, table:content-validation-name 19.605, table:formula 19.646, table:number-columns-repeated 19.679, table:number-columns-spanned 19.680, table:number-matrix-columns-spanned 19.683, table:number-matrix-rows-spanned 19.684, table:number-rows-spanned 19.682, table:protect 19.699, table:protected 19.700, table:style-name 19.730, xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-cell&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:detective&gt; 9.3.2, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; element represents cells that are covered by a &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4 element that spans multiple columns or rows. The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; elements occupy the same position in document order as the cells spanned. There is one &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; element for each cell that is spanned. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; is often used by spreadsheet applications, where covered cells contain content.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, table:content-validation-name 19.605, table:formula 19.646, table:number-columns-repeated 19.679, table:protect 19.699, table:protected 19.700, table:style-name 19.730, xhtml:about 19.911, xhtml:content 19.912, xhtml:datatype 19.913, xhtml:property 19.914 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:detective&gt; 9.3.2, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table-column&gt; element specifies properties for one or more adjacent columns in a table. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-column&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10, &lt;table:table-columns&gt; 9.1.12 and &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; 9.1.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-column&gt; element has the following attributes: table:default-cell-style-name 19.619, table:number-columns-repeated 19.679, table:style-name 19.730, table:visibility 19.754 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element represents header rows in a table. It is composed of adjacent &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3 elements. </p>
<p>Note: Use of the &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element increases accessibility. The use of styles to designate row headers diminishes accessibility. </p>
<p>If a table does not fit on a single page, table rows that are included in a &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element are automatically repeated on every page. </p>
<p>A table shall not contain more than one &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element, except that the table contains grouped rows defined by one or more &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9 elements. In this case, the table and each distinct group may contain one &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element, if and only if the table rows contained in the &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; elements are adjacent.</p>
<p>Consumers that do not support header rows shall process header rows as non-header rows.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3 and &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table-rows&gt; element specifies a sequence of one or more &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3 elements with optional &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 9.1.3 elements. The interpretation of the sequence is the same as if the &lt;table:table-rows&gt; start and end tags were not present.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-rows&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-rows&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-rows&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3 and &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; element groups adjacent table rows. Every row group can contain header rows, and nested row groups. A row group can be visible or hidden. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; element has the following attribute: table:display 19.621.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:table-header-rows&gt; 9.1.7, &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3, &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9, &lt;table:table-rows&gt; 9.1.8, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; element groups adjacent table columns. Every column group can contain columns, header columns and nested column groups. A column group can be visible or hidden. </p>
<p>If a set of header columns and a column group overlap, the header column group breaks the column header set. That is, the &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; may contain &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; elements, but not vice versa.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; element has the following attribute: table:display 19.621.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6, &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10, &lt;table:table-columns&gt; 9.1.12, &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; 9.1.11.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element represents column headers in a table. It is composed of adjacent &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6 elements.</p>
<p>Note: Use of the &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element increases accessibility The use of styles to designate header columns diminishes accessibility.</p>
<p>If a table does not fit on a single page, table columns that are included in a &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element are automatically repeated on every page. </p>
<p>A table shall not contain more than one &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element, except that the table contains grouped rows defined by one or more &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10 elements. In this case, the table and each distinct group may contain one &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element, if and only if the table columns contained in the &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; elements are adjacent. </p>
<p>Consumers that do not support header columns shall process header column as non-header columns.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-header-columns&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table-columns&gt; element specifies a sequence of one or more &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6 elements. The interpretation of the sequence is the same as if the &lt;table:table-columns&gt; start and end tags were not present.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-columns&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-columns&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-columns&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:title&gt; element specifies a title for a table. The element shall not be used if the parent &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 element is contained within a &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 element. In that case, the table&#039;s title is specified the by &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17 child element of &lt;draw:frame&gt;.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:title&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:title&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:title&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:title&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:desc&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:desc&gt; element specifies a prose description of a table that may be used to support accessibility. See appendix  The element shall not be used if the parent &lt;table:table&gt; element is contained within a &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 element. In that case, the table&#039;s description is specified the by &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 child element of &lt;draw:frame&gt;.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:desc&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:desc&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:desc&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:desc&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h2>Advanced Tables</h2>
<h3>Referencing Table Cells</h3>
<p>To reference cells in a table, cell addresses are used. Cell addresses are constructed as follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>The name of the table.</p></li>
<li><p>A dot “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</p></li>
<li><p>An alphabetic value representing the column. The letter A represents column 1, B represents column 2, and so on. AA represents column 27, AB represents column 28, and so on.</p></li>
<li><p>A numeric value representing the row. The number 1 represents the first row, the number 2 represents the second row, and so on.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>This means that A1 represents the cell in column 1 and row 1. B1 represents the cell in column 2 and row 1. A2 represents the cell in column 1 and row 2.</p>
<p>The structure of the address of a cell in a subtable is as follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>The address of the cell that contains the subtable.</p></li>
<li><p>A dot “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</p></li>
<li><p>The address of the cell in the subtable.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>If the name of the table contains blanks, dots “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP) or apostrophes “&#039;” (U+0027, APOSTROPHE), the name shall be quoted with apostrophes “&#039;” (U+0027, APOSTROPHE). Any apostrophes in the name shall be escaped by doubling the”&#039;”( U+0027, APOSTROPHE) character.</p>
<p>The behavior of a consumer when a cell is referenced but not declared is implementation-dependent. </p>
<h3>Absolute and relative cell addressing</h3>
<p>Cells can be referenced by using either absolute addresses or relative addresses. When an operation is performed on a table cell, absolute cell references do not change. Relative cell references are adapted to the address of the target cell of a copy operation.</p>
<p>To create an absolute address, a dollar sign “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) shall be placed before each table name, column reference, and row reference. Absolute and relative references may be mixed within a single cell address. Absolute addresses shall contain a table name. </p>
<p>When differentiation between absolute and relative addresses is not necessary, the dollar signs in absolute addresses may be omitted.</p>
<h3>Cell Range Address</h3>
<p>A cell range is a number of adjacent cells forming a rectangular shape. The rectangle stretches from the cell on the logical top left to the cell on the logical bottom right. </p>
<p>A cell range address references a cell range. A cell range address consists of:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>The address of the cell at the top left of the range.</p></li>
<li><p>A colon “:” (U+003A, COLON).</p></li>
<li><p>The address of the cell at the bottom right of the range.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The smallest range is a single cell. The range address of a single cell is the same as the cell address.</p>
<h3>Column and Row Range Addresses</h3>
<p>Column and row addresses are cell range addresses that reference entire rows or columns. </p>
<p>The syntax of a row address is the same as a cell address, except the alphabetic values that indicate the column are omitted. </p>
<p>The syntax of a column address is the same as a cell address, except the numeric values that indicate the row are omitted.</p>
<h3>Cell Range Address List</h3>
<p>A cell range address list is a list of cell range addresses and cell addresses. Each item in the list is separated by white space. If any table name used in the list contains a “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character, the table name is quoted within apostrophes “&#039;” ( U+0027, APOSTROPHE).</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:table-source&gt; element represents a link to a table that provides a source for a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-source&gt; element has the following attributes: table:filter-name 19.642, table:filter-options 19.643, table:mode 19.675, table:refresh-delay 19.705, table:table-name 19.734, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-source&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:scenario&gt; element defines a scenario for display on a table. A table represented by a &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 element which contains a &lt;table:scenario&gt; child element is called a scenario table. </p>
<p>A scenario is one or more cell ranges of a table whose contents replaces the contents of the cell ranges in the nearest non-scenario table preceding the scenario table in document order. If multiple scenarios are defined for a cell range, a user may choose between the scenarios. The names of the scenarios are the same as the names of tables which contain the &lt;table:scenario&gt; elements. </p>
<p>Display of the border of a scenario table is controlled by its table:display-border attribute. 19.622 </p>
<p>Note: Display of the border of a scenario is the only visible indication that the displayed data is the result of the application of a scenario to the data in the table.</p>
<p>Only one scenario table can be applied to a range at one time.</p>
<p>Note: A table can have multiple scenarios applied to it so long as the ranges of application do not overlap.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:scenario&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:scenario&gt; element has the following attributes: table:border-color 19.592, table:comment 19.599, table:copy-back 19.606, table:copy-formulas 19.607, table:copy-styles 19.608, table:display-border 19.622, table:is-active 19.656, table:protected 19.700 and table:scenario-ranges 19.709.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:scenario&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:shapes&gt; element contains all the elements that represent graphic shapes that are anchored on a table where this element occurs.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:shapes&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:shapes&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:shapes&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<h2>Advanced Table Cells</h2>
<h3>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; element represents a database range or named range of another file in a cell range. The first cell in the cell range contains this element. A cell range can be linked to a database range or named range of another file.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; element has the following attributes: table:filter-name 19.642, table:filter-options 19.643, table:last-column-spanned 19.662, table:last-row-spanned 19.664, table:name 19.677, table:refresh-delay 19.705, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:detective&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:detective&gt; element is a container for &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3 and &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4 elements, providing information about what relationships between the current cell and other cells are revealed in the presentation of the table.  </p>
<p>The &lt;table:detective&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:detective&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:detective&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4 and &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:operation&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:operation&gt; element specifies the name of a detective operation that leads to the discovery of relationships between cells (table:name, 19.677) and the order in which those operations are applied (table:index, 19.655). Once relationships between cells have been discovered, those cells are highlighted to show those relationships.</p>
<p>Note: A single cell may be the subject of one or more detective operations.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:operation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:detective&gt; 9.3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:operation&gt; element has the following attributes: table:index 19.655 and table:name 19.677.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:operation&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; element specifies a cell range that is highlighted in the UI either because of detective operations defined by a &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3 element or because it contains an error or invalid data.</p>
<p>The nature of the highlighting is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>This element represents the state of the document at the time the detective operations or error conditions were calculated. It need not accurately represent the current state of the document.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:detective&gt; 9.3.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; element has the following attributes: table:cell-range-address 19.597, table:contains-error 19.603, table:direction 19.620 and table:marked-invalid 19.668.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Spreadsheet Document Content</h2>
<h3>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; element is a container for settings that affect the calculation of formulae.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; element has the following attributes: table:automatic-find-labels 19.589, table:case-sensitive 19.594, table:null-year 19.678, table:precision-as-shown 19.696, table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell 19.711, table:use-regular-expressions 19.748 and table:use-wildcards 19.749.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:iteration&gt; 9.4.3 and &lt;table:null-date&gt; 9.4.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:null-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:null-date&gt; element specifies the null date for a spreadsheet document. The null date is the date that results in the value “0” if a date value is converted into a numeric value. The null date is specified in the element&#039;s table:date-value attribute. </p>
<p>Note: Commonly used values are 1899-12-30, 1900-01-01, and 1904-01-01.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:null-date&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:null-date&gt; element has the following attributes: table:date-value 19.618 and table:value-type 19.753.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:null-date&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:iteration&gt; element enables formulas with iterative (or cyclic) references to be calculated after a specific number of iterations. If iterative calculations are not enabled, a formula expression containing a cyclic cell reference returns an error. </p>
<p>If the table:status attribute has the value enable and iterating through the cyclic dependencies does not deliver a result that satisfies the condition specified by the table:maximum-difference attribute within a number of iterations specified by the table:steps attribute for all cells in the cyclic dependencies, an error is returned. </p>
<p> </p>
<p>The &lt;table:iteration&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:iteration&gt; element has the following attributes: table:maximum-difference 19.670, table:status 19.726 and table:steps 19.728.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:iteration&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:content-validations&gt; element contains all the validation rules for the content of table cells.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:content-validations&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:content-validations&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:content-validations&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element specifies a validation rule for table cell content. </p>
<p>The name of a validation rule is stored in the table:name attribute of a &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:content-validations&gt; 9.4.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element has the following attributes: table:allow-empty-cell 19.587, table:base-cell-address 19.590, table:condition 19.600, table:display-list 19.625 and table:name 19.677.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;table:error-macro&gt; 9.4.8, &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7 and &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:help-message&gt; element specifies a message to display if a user selects a cell.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:help-message&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:help-message&gt; element has the following attributes: table:display 19.621 and table:title 19.738.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:help-message&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:error-message&gt; element specifies a message to display when the table:condition 19.600 attribute value on the parent &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element evaluates to false.&quot;</p>
<p>The &lt;table:error-message&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:error-message&gt; element has the following attributes: table:display 19.621, table:message-type 19.674 and table:title 19.738.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:error-message&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:error-macro&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:error-macro&gt; element specifies if a macro should be executed upon an attempt to enter invalid content. </p>
<p>A macro is specified by an &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element. 10.3.19 The event name shall be one that specifies an event that is called on invalid user input.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:error-macro&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:error-macro&gt; element has the following attribute: table:execute 19.638.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:error-macro&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:label-range&gt; element specifies a label cell range which contains labels, and a data cell range which specifies the rows or columns whose content is referenced by the labels. </p>
<p>There are two types of label ranges: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>Label ranges for columns.</p></li>
<li><p>Label ranges for rows.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Data and label ranges should match in both height and vertical position for row orientation, or in both width and horizontal position for column orientation. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:label-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; 9.4.10.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:label-range&gt; element has the following attributes: table:data-cell-range-address 19.612, table:label-cell-range-address 19.660 and table:orientation 19.690.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:label-range&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; element contains all the &lt;table:label-range&gt; elements in a document. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:label-ranges&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:label-range&gt; 9.4.9.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; element contains assignments of names to expressions.</p>
<p>The following expressions may have names:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Cell ranges.</p></li>
<li><p>Other expressions.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If the &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; element is used with a &lt;table:table&gt; element, the scope of the named expressions are local to that table element.  </p>
<p>The &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:named-expression&gt; 9.4.13 and &lt;table:named-range&gt; 9.4.12.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:named-range&gt; element specifies a cell range that has a name assigned. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:named-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:named-range&gt; element has the following attributes: table:base-cell-address 19.590, table:cell-range-address 19.597, table:name 19.677 and table:range-usable-as 19.704.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:named-range&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:named-expression&gt; element represents an expression with a name.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:named-expression&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:named-expressions&gt; 9.4.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:named-expression&gt; element has the following attributes: table:base-cell-address 19.590, table:expression 19.639 and table:name 19.677.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:named-expression&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; element contains all the &lt;table:database-range&gt; elements in a document. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:database-range&gt; element defines a single database range. A database range is a named area in a table upon which database operations are performed.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:database-ranges&gt; 9.4.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-range&gt; element has the following attributes: table:contains-header 19.604, table:display-filter-buttons 19.624, table:has-persistent-data 19.651, table:is-selection 19.658, table:name 19.677, table:on-update-keep-size 19.686, table:on-update-keep-styles 19.687, table:orientation 19.690, table:refresh-delay 19.705 and table:target-range-address 19.736.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-range&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; 9.4.18, &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16, &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; 9.4.17, &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2, &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19 and &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; element specifies an [SQL] database that contains the source data for a database range.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3 and &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; element has the following attributes: table:database-name 19.613, table:parse-sql-statement 19.693 and table:sql-statement 19.720.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; element specifies the database and table that acts as the source data for a database range.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3 and &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; element has the following attributes: table:database-name 19.613 and table:database-table-name 19.614.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; element specifies the query that produces the source data for a database range.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3 and &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; element has the following attributes: table:database-name 19.613 and table:query-name 19.703.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:sort&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:sort&gt; element &lt;table:sort&gt; specifies the sort keys to be applied to a database range.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:sort&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:sort&gt; element has the following attributes: table:algorithm 19.585, table:bind-styles-to-content 19.591, table:case-sensitive 19.594, table:country 19.610, table:embedded-number-behavior 19.628, table:language 19.661, table:rfc-language-tag 19.707, table:script 19.710 and table:target-range-address 19.736.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:sort&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:sort-by&gt; element specifies a key or field to sort, the data type of this field, and how to sort it for a database range.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:sort-by&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:sort-by&gt; element has the following attributes: table:data-type 19.615, table:field-number 19.641 and table:order 19.689.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:sort-by&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; element is a container for &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; elements which specify the calculation of provisional results (called subtotals) for a database range. Cells of the same field form a group. A provisional result is calculated and display at the end of each group. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; element has the following attributes: table:bind-styles-to-content 19.591, table:case-sensitive 19.594 and table:page-breaks-on-group-change 19.691.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; 9.4.22 and &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; 9.4.23.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; element specifies a sort order for columns or rows of a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; element has the following attributes: table:data-type 19.615 and table:order 19.689.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; element specifies the calculation of subtotals for columns or rows of a table. As the container element for &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;, the calculation specified by this element may use provisional results in its calculation. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; element has the following attribute: table:group-by-field-number 19.649.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; 9.4.24.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; element specifies the field number and the function that is applied to the content of that field to calculate a provisional result.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; 9.4.23.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; element has the following attributes: table:field-number 19.641 and table:function 19.647.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Filters</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Filter elements specify conditions that, if not met, render portions of a table invisible. </p>
<h3>&lt;table:filter&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:filter&gt; element is a container for elements that specify filters for data contained in database ranges or data pilot tables. The filters are applied to all rows in the database range or the data pilot table. Rows where one or more filter conditions do not evaluate to true are made invisible.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15 and &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter&gt; element has the following attributes: table:condition-source 19.601, table:condition-source-range-address 19.602, table:display-duplicates 19.623 and table:target-range-address 19.736.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:filter-and&gt; 9.5.3, &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5 and &lt;table:filter-or&gt; 9.5.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-and&gt; element specifies that the logical operator AND is applied to conditions specified by the child elements of this element.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-and&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2 and &lt;table:filter-or&gt; 9.5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-and&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-and&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5 and &lt;table:filter-or&gt; 9.5.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-or&gt; element specifies that the logical operator OR is applied to conditions specified by the child elements of this element.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-or&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2 and &lt;table:filter-and&gt; 9.5.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-or&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-or&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:filter-and&gt; 9.5.3 and &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element specifies a single condition to apply in a filter operation.</p>
<p>The filter condition is either specified</p>
<ul>
<li><p>by the table:operator 19.688, table:value 19.752 and table:data-type 19.615 attributes or</p></li>
<li><p>a set of &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; 9.5.6 child elements as a set of values. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>If one or more of &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; elements are present as children of the &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element, the table:operator, table:value and table:data-type attributes are ignored.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> To improve backward compatibility with OpenDocument 1.1 documents, if &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; elements are included, set:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>table:operator: &quot;=&quot;; </p></li>
<li><p>table:value: value of the first &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; child element; </p></li>
<li><p>table:data-type: &quot;text&quot;.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2, &lt;table:filter-and&gt; 9.5.3 and &lt;table:filter-or&gt; 9.5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element has the following attributes: table:case-sensitive 19.594, table:data-type 19.615, table:field-number 19.641, table:operator 19.688 and table:value 19.752.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; 9.5.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; element specifies a single value used in a filter condition where the table:operator attribute is set to &quot;=&quot;, and the table:data-type attribute to text. The filter sub-condition in which the element is included evaluates to true for a specified cell, if, and only if, the value of the cell is equal to one of the values in the set specified by be &lt;table:filter&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; element has the following attribute: table:value 19.752.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Data Pilot Tables</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Data pilot tables enable users to rearrange data from data sources so as to create new relationships between data elements or to view data from a variety of perspectives. This is in contrast to scenario tables 9.2.7, where the data elements remain fixed but the values and operations on them are varied to illustrate different outcomes.</p>
<p>The behavior of a data pilot table is specified by fields, where each field has a name and an orientation. The category columns are specified by fields with the orientation “row” or “column” and data columns are specified by fields that have the orientation “data”.</p>
<p>A third type of fields are data layout fields. Data layout fields are not connected to a column in the source table, but are used to change the layout of the data pilot table.</p>
<p>The order in which fields are specified determines the order in which the data of category columns are grouped and results are displayed.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; element contains all the data pilot tables within a document.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; element contains the elements that define the sources of a data pilot table. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt; 9.6.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; element has the following attributes: table:application-data 19.588, table:buttons 19.593, table:drill-down-on-double-click 19.627, table:grand-total 19.648, table:identify-categories 19.653, table:ignore-empty-rows 19.654, table:name 19.677, table:show-filter-button 19.715 and table:target-range-address 19.736.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7, &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; 9.4.18, &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16, &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; 9.4.17, &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5 and &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<h3>Data Pilot Table Source</h3>
<p>The source of a data pilot table is specified by one of the following elements: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt; 9.4.18</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt; 9.4.17</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6</p></li>
</ul>
<h3>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; element specifies a cell range as a source of data for a data pilot table. A filter may be specified by a &lt;table:filter&gt; child element that is applied prior to return of data to a data pilot table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; element has the following attributes: table:cell-range-address 19.597 and table:name 19.677.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:source-service&gt; element specifies a service that returns data to a data pilot table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:source-service&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:source-service&gt; element has the following attributes: table:name 19.677, table:object-name 19.685, table:password 19.694, table:source-name 19.719 and table:user-name 19.751.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:source-service&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; element specifies a field for a data pilot table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; element has the following attributes: table:function 19.647, table:is-data-layout-field 19.657, table:orientation 19.690, table:selected-page 19.712, table:source-field-name 19.718 and table:used-hierarchy 19.750.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; 9.6.16, &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17 and &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; element acts as a container for elements that specify addition information about a data pilot field.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; element has the following attribute: table:show-empty 19.714.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; 9.6.13, &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; 9.6.15, &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; 9.6.11, &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; 9.6.14 and &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; 9.6.9.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; element contains the &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; elements for a data pilot table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; 9.6.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; element contains the results of a single subtotal calculation.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt; 9.6.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; element has the following attribute: table:function 19.647.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; element specifies whether or not to display category columns in data pilot tables or information for category columns.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; element specifies what information is displayed for a member.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt; 9.6.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; element has the following attributes: table:display 19.621, table:name 19.677 and table:show-details 19.713.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element restricts the number rows that are displayed for a category column to a specific number of values of a data field.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element has the following attributes: table:data-field 19.611, table:display-member-mode 19.626, table:enabled 19.629 and table:member-count 19.671.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; element specifies how the members of a category column are sorted.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; element has the following attributes: table:data-field 19.611, table:order 19.689, table:sort-mode 19.716.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; element specifies how to layout a field.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; element has the following attributes: table:add-empty-lines 19.586 and table:layout-mode 19.666.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element specifies data which can be used to modify the displayed values of data fields.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element has the following attributes: table:field-name 19.640, table:member-name 19.672, table:member-type 19.673 and table:type 19.740.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; element specifies that a data pilot field is a group field. A group field allows grouping of other fields.</p>
<p>Grouping may also take place for numeric or date values.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; element has the following attributes: table:date-end 19.616, table:date-start 19.617, table:end 19.630, table:grouped-by 19.650, table:source-field-name 19.718, table:start 19.721 and table:step 19.727.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; 9.6.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; element specifies names of groups if grouping takes place by specifying the member names.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; element has the following attribute: table:name 19.677.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; 9.6.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; element specifies the name of a single group member.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; 9.6.18.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; element has the following attribute: table:name 19.677.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;table:consolidation&gt; element defines the consolidation of data from multiple table ranges. Consolidation means that a new table range is filled with values calculated by applying a mathematical function to all cells in the source table ranges that have the same relative address within these ranges. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:consolidation&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:consolidation&gt; element has the following attributes: table:function 19.647, table:link-to-source-data 19.667, table:source-cell-range-addresses 19.717, table:target-cell-address 19.735 and table:use-labels 19.747.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:consolidation&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;table:dde-links&gt; container element stores all DDE links for use in spreadsheet formulas. Every link contains the DDE Source and the data of the last connection.</p>
<p>See 14.7 for the use of DDE connections.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dde-links&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dde-links&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dde-links&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:dde-link&gt; 14.7.4.</p>
<h2>Change Tracking in Spreadsheets</h2>
<h3>General </h3>
<p>All changes that have been applied to a spreadsheet document are stored in a list. The list contains an element for each change made to the table. </p>
<p>Note: See 5.5.1 for general remarks about implementing change tracking.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; element is a container for tracked changes of a spreadsheet. Its presence further enables change tracking for a spreadsheet.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; element has the following attribute: table:track-changes 19.739.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3 and &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:insertion&gt; element contains the information that identifies any insertion of content. This content can be one or more rows, one or more columns, or a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:insertion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:insertion&gt; element has the following attributes: table:acceptance-state 19.584, table:count 19.609, table:id 19.652, table:position 19.695, table:rejecting-change-id 19.706, table:table 19.732 and table:type 19.740.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:insertion&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6 and &lt;table:dependencies&gt; 9.9.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:dependencies&gt; element contains the information on which other tracked changes the current change depends. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:dependencies&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3 and &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dependencies&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dependencies&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:dependency&gt; 9.9.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:dependency&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:dependency&gt; element contains the information about one change action on which on which the current tracked change depends. The change action on which the current change depends is referenced by its table:id attribute</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dependency&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:dependencies&gt; 9.9.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dependency&gt; element has the following attribute: table:id 19.652.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dependency&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:deletions&gt; element contains all deletions which are performed while tracking a single change to a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:deletions&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3 and &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:deletions&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:deletions&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; 9.9.7 and &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; 9.9.8.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; element specifies that a cell content has been deleted. It contains the address of the effected cell and its former content. If a table:id attribute is present, it specifies the id of a previously tracked change for the cell that gets deleted by the current change.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; element has the following attribute: table:id 19.652.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:cell-address&gt; 9.9.18 and &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:change-deletion&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; element specifies the value of the table:id of a previously tracked change that is deleted by the current change.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; element has the following attribute: table:id 19.652.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</h3>
<p>A &lt;table:deletion&gt; element contains content that was deleted while change tracking was enabled. The content of a cell that was deleted is contained in either a &lt;table:dependencies&gt;, or a &lt;table:deletions&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:deletion&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:deletion&gt; element has the following attributes: table:acceptance-state 19.584, table:id 19.652, table:multi-deletion-spanned 19.676, table:position 19.695, table:rejecting-change-id 19.706, table:table 19.732 and table:type 19.740.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:deletion&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; 9.9.10, &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6 and &lt;table:dependencies&gt; 9.9.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:cut-offs&gt;</h3>
<p>A &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; element contains elements that specify the location of tracked but deleted insertions or movements.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; 9.9.11, &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; 9.9.12.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; element specifies where an insertion was deleted.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; 9.9.10.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; element has the following attributes: table:id 19.652 and table:position 19.695.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; element specifies the deletion of a movement.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:cut-offs&gt; 9.9.10.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; element has the following attributes: table:end-position 19.633, table:position 19.695 and table:start-position 19.723.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:movement&gt;</h3>
<p>A &lt;table:movement&gt; element specifies the information that identifies movement of content. This content can be a cell content or a cell range content.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:movement&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:movement&gt; element has the following attributes: table:acceptance-state 19.584, table:id 19.652 and table:rejecting-change-id 19.706.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:movement&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6, &lt;table:dependencies&gt; 9.9.4, &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; element specifies the source or cell range address of a movement.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; element has the following attributes: table:column 19.598, table:end-column 19.632, table:end-row 19.634, table:end-table 19.635, table:row 19.708, table:start-column 19.722, table:start-row 19.724, table:start-table 19.725 and table:table 19.732.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; element specifies the target cell address or cell range address of a movement.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; element has the following attributes: table:column 19.598, table:end-column 19.632, table:end-row 19.634, table:end-table 19.635, table:row 19.708, table:start-column 19.722, table:start-row 19.724, table:start-table 19.725 and table:table 19.732.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; element specifies the information that tracks changes to a table cell. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; 9.9.7 and &lt;table:previous&gt; 9.9.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389, table:cell-address 19.595, table:formula 19.646, table:matrix-covered 19.669, table:number-matrix-columns-spanned 19.683 and table:number-matrix-rows-spanned 19.684.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</h3>
<p>A &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; element specifies the information that identifies changes of the cell content.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; element has the following attributes: table:acceptance-state 19.584, table:id 19.652 and table:rejecting-change-id 19.706.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:change-info&gt; 5.5.7, &lt;table:cell-address&gt; 9.9.18, &lt;table:deletions&gt; 9.9.6, &lt;table:dependencies&gt; 9.9.4 and &lt;table:previous&gt; 9.9.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-address&gt; element contains the address of a cell that has changed. Unlike other cell addresses, the cell address consists of the row, column and table number of the cell. This allows the specification of addresses that are outside a valid cell address range.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-address&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17 and &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; 9.9.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-address&gt; element has the following attributes: table:column 19.598, table:row 19.708 and table:table 19.732.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:cell-address&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:previous&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:previous&gt; element contains the previous cell content which is overwritten by the current change. If a table:id attribute is present, it specifies the id of a previously tracked change for the cell that is changed again by the current change.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:previous&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:previous&gt; element has the following attribute: table:id 19.652.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:previous&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16.</p>
<h1>Graphic Content</h1>
<h2>General</h2>
<p>This chapter specifies the elements that represent graphic objects and elements used in the representation of graphical objects. </p>
<h2>Enhanced Page Features for Graphical Applications</h2>
<h3>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;style:handout-master&gt; element represents a template for the generation of handout pages.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:handout-master&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:handout-master&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:style-name 19.219, presentation:presentation-page-layout-name 19.413, presentation:use-date-time-name 19.428, presentation:use-footer-name 19.429, presentation:use-header-name 19.430 and style:page-layout-name 19.508.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:handout-master&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; element defines a set of layers. If placed inside a &lt;style:master-page&gt; or &lt;draw:page&gt; element it defines a set of layers for that page. If placed inside the &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element it defines a set of layers for all pages that do not have their own set of layers.</p>
<p>Layers group drawing objects. Assigning a shape to a layer does not change its rendering order as defined by its draw:z-index attribute. 19.231</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:layer&gt; element defines a single layer. Layers group drawing objects. </p>
<p>Each drawing object inside a drawing or presentation document can be assigned to a layer. Each object that is assigned to a layer inherits the settings of that layer. Drawing objects may be assigned to these layers by the value of their draw:layer 19.189 attribute.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:layer&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; 10.2.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:layer&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display 19.132, draw:name 19.197 and draw:protected 19.207.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:layer&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:page&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:page&gt; element is a container for content in a drawing or presentation document. This element is used for the following:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Layers 10.2.2</p></li>
<li><p>Forms 13.2</p></li>
<li><p>Drawing Objects 10.3</p></li>
<li><p>Frames 10.4</p></li>
<li><p>Presentation Animations 10.9</p></li>
<li><p>Presentation Notes 16.19</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;draw:page&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5 and &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:page&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:id 19.187, draw:master-page-name 19.194, draw:name 19.197, draw:nav-order 19.198, draw:style-name 19.219, presentation:presentation-page-layout-name 19.413, presentation:use-date-time-name 19.428, presentation:use-footer-name 19.429, presentation:use-header-name 19.430 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:page&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4, &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; 10.2.2, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2, &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:equation&gt; element specifies a formula for the calculation of a value and the name by which that formula can be referenced.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:equation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:equation&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:formula 19.171 and draw:name 19.197.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:equation&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Drawing Shapes</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>This section defines graphical objects that may occur within all types of documents.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:rect&gt; element represents a rectangular drawing shape.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:rect&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:rect&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:corner-radius 19.127, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:rx 19.554, svg:ry 19.555, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:rect&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:line&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:line&gt; element represents a line.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:line&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:line&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:x1 19.578, svg:x2 19.579, svg:y1 19.582, svg:y2 19.583, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:line&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:polyline&gt; element represents a polyline drawing shape.</p>
<p>Consumers may ignore svg:height and svg:width attributes, and determine the size of a shape from the polygon vertices.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:polyline&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:polyline&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:points 19.206, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:polyline&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:polygon&gt; element represents a polygon. A polygon is a closed set of straight lines.</p>
<p>Consumers may ignore svg:height and svg:width attributes, and determine the size of a shape from the polygon vertices.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:polygon&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:polygon&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:points 19.206, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:polygon&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element represents a regular polygon. A regular polygon is a polygon that is specified by its number of edges (that is equal to the number of its corners), rather than by arbitrary points.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:concave 19.123, draw:corners 19.128, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:sharpness 19.211, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:path&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:path&gt; element represents a path. A path is a shape with a user-defined outline. The outline is defined by the svg:d attribute. 19.530</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:path&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:path&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:d 19.530, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:path&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:circle&gt; element represents a circular drawing shape.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:circle&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:circle&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:end-angle 19.140, draw:id 19.187, draw:kind 19.188, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:start-angle 19.213, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:cx 19.528, svg:cy 19.529, svg:height 19.543, svg:r 19.553, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:circle&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; element represents an ellipse.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:end-angle 19.140, draw:id 19.187, draw:kind 19.188, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:start-angle 19.213, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:cx 19.528, svg:cy 19.529, svg:height 19.543, svg:rx 19.554, svg:ry 19.555, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:connector&gt; element represents a connected set of one or more lines that visually connects a start and an end point. </p>
<p>Start and/or end points can be defined by references to glue points 10.3.16 or as absolute positions.  The connector&#039;s geometric path is defined by the svg:d 19.530 attribute. Consumers may also compute the connector&#039;s geometric path considering the draw:type 19.229.2 and draw:line-skew 19.190 attributes, and the formatting properties defined for connectors.</p>
<p>If the svg:d attribute is not present, the connector&#039;s geometric path is implementation-dependent. Producers should export the connector&#039;s geometric path using the svg:d attribute.</p>
<p>Note: This assists consumers that are not capable of computing a connector path.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:connector&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:connector&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:end-glue-point 19.142, draw:end-shape 19.144, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:line-skew 19.190, draw:name 19.197, draw:start-glue-point 19.215, draw:start-shape 19.217, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:type 19.229, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:d 19.530, svg:viewBox 19.574, svg:x1 19.578, svg:x2 19.579, svg:y1 19.582, svg:y2 19.583, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:connector&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:caption&gt; element represents a description attached to a fixed point. It consists of rectangular drawing shape with an additional set of connected lines that connect the rectangle with the fixed point.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:caption&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:caption&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:caption-point-x 19.116, draw:caption-point-y 19.117, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:corner-radius 19.127, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:caption&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:measure&gt; element represents a shape that is used to measure distances in drawings.</p>
<p>A measure shape consists of two parallel lines, called <em>extension lines</em>, and a line perpendicular to the extension lines, called a <em>dimension line</em>. The dimension line has arrows at its endpoints. It is displayed between the extension lines and terminated by them. </p>
<p>The positions of extension lines and the dimension line are determined by two reference points, called <em>start</em> and <em>end reference points</em>.</p>
<p>The draw:line-distance attribute defines the distance between the (virtual) line between the reference points, called <em>reference line</em>, and the dimension line. The draw:placing attribute defines if the measure shape is placed above or below the reference line.</p>
<p>The start reference point is defined by the attributes svg:x1 and svg:y1 </p>
<p>The first extension line is drawn on a line as defined by the vector from the start reference point to the start point of the dimension line. The extension line will start along this vector at a distance from the start reference point that is defined by the draw:guide-distance attribute minus the value of the draw:start-guide attribute.</p>
<p>The end reference point is defined by the attributes svg:x2, and svg:y2. </p>
<p>The second extension line is drawn on a line as defined by the vector from the end reference point to the end point of the dimension line. The extension line will start along this vector at the distance from the end reference point that is defined by the draw:guide-distance attribute minus the value of draw:end-guide attribute.</p>
<p>The end points of the extension lines are at the distance defined by the draw:guide-overhang attribute after the intersection with the dimension line. </p>
<p>The &lt;draw:measure&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:measure&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:x1 19.578, svg:x2 19.579, svg:y1 19.582, svg:y2 19.583, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:measure&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:control&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:control&gt; element represents a shape that is linked to a control inside an &lt;office:forms&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:control&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:control&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:control 19.125, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:control&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; element represents a rectangular area that displays the thumbnail of a drawing page.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:page-number 19.203, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class 19.393, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:placeholder 19.411, presentation:style-name 19.426, presentation:user-transformed 19.431, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:g&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:g&gt; element represents a group of drawing shapes.</p>
<p>Drawing shapes contained in a &lt;draw:g&gt; element, that is itself contained in a &lt;draw:a&gt; element act as hyperlinks using the xlink:href 19.916 attribute of the containing &lt;draw:a&gt; element. If the included drawing shapes are themselves contained within &lt;draw:a&gt; elements, then the xlink:href attributes of those &lt;draw:a&gt; elements act as the hyperlink information for the shapes they contain.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:g&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:g&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:g&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; element specifies a point in the area of a drawing object to which a connector shape can connect. All drawing objects have four standard glue points located at the center of the four edges of the object&#039;s bounding box. Additional glue points may be added to a drawing object by inserting one or more &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; elements into a drawing object element.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:align 19.111, draw:escape-direction 19.147, draw:id 19.187, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;svg:title&gt; element specifies a name for a graphic object.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:title&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:title&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:title&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:title&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;svg:desc&gt; element specifies a prose description of a graphic object that may be used to support accessibility. See appendix D.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:desc&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:desc&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:desc&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:desc&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element represents the attachment of an event listener to a drawing shape, form control or other event-driven object. See 14.5. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9, &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24, &lt;office:scripts&gt; 3.12, &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8 and &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2 and &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2.</p>
<h2>Frames</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>A frame is a container for enhanced content like text boxes, images or objects. A frame may contain multiple renditions of content. A consumer may choose the representation that it supports best.</p>
<p>Multiple representations may share &lt;svg:desc&gt; and &lt;svg:title&gt; elements.</p>
<p>Each child element of a frame is a different representation of the same content. The order of content elements reflects the document author&#039;s preference for rendering, with the first child element being preferred. That means that consumers should render the first child element that they support. A frame may contain multiple content elements, but shall contain at least one content element. </p>
<p>Within text documents, frames are also used to position content outside the default text flow of a document.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:frame&gt; element represents a frame and serves as the container for elements that may occur in a frame. </p>
<p>Frame formatting properties are stored in styles belonging to the graphic family.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:frame&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:image&gt; 3.9, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:frame&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:copy-of 19.126, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class 19.393, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:placeholder 19.411, presentation:style-name 19.426, presentation:user-transformed 19.431, style:rel-height 19.513, style:rel-width 19.514, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:frame&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3, &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:image-map&gt; 10.4.13.2, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element represents a text box. This element may be used to place text in a container that is outside of the flow of the document.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:chain-next-name 19.118, draw:corner-radius 19.127, fo:max-height 19.238, fo:max-width 19.239, fo:min-height 19.240, fo:min-width 19.241, text:id 19.815 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; 5.6, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:image&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:image&gt; element represents an image. An image can be either:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A link to an external resource</p></li>
</ul>
<p>or</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Embedded in the document</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;draw:image&gt; element may have text content. Text content is displayed in addition to the image data.</p>
<p>Note: While the image data may have an arbitrary format, vector graphics should be stored in the [SVG] format and bitmap graphics in the [PNG] format.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:image&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:filter-name 19.170, draw:mime-type 19.191, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:image&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:binary-data&gt; 10.4.5, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element contains image data in BASE64 encoding (as defined in [RFC2045]). If this element is present, an xlink:href 19.916 attribute in its parent element shall be ignored. </p>
<p>Note: The image data may be in an arbitrary data format. Consumers have to analyze the image data to determine the data format that is used. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3 and &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element has content of data type base64Binary 18.2.</p>
<h3>Embedded Objects</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p>A document in OpenDocument format can contain two types of embedded objects, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Objects that have an OpenDocument representation.</p></li>
<li><p>Objects that do not have an OpenDocument representation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: OLE objects are an example of objects without an OpenDocument representation. See [OLE].</p>
<h4>&lt;draw:object&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;draw:object&gt; element represents objects that have a OpenDocument representation.</p>
<p>Objects with an OpenDocument representation can either be: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>Contained in the same package as a document, in which case the Object is a sub-document within the package. The xlink:href attribute of this element references that folder. 1.3</p></li>
<li><p>Contained in a separate OpenDocument document instance. The xlink:href attribute of this element references that document&#039;s package. </p></li>
<li><p>Contained in a child &lt;office:document&gt; element of this element. </p></li>
<li><p>Contained in a child &lt;math:math&gt; element of this element. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: An image representation of an object should be included in a frame in addition to the object itself.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:object&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:object&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges 19.200, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:object&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;math:math&gt; 14.6 and &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2.</p>
<h4>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; element represents objects that do not have an OpenDocument representation. </p>
<p>Objects without an OpenDocument representation can either be: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>Contained in the same package as a document, in which case it is contained in a file within the package. The xlink:href attribute of this element references that file. </p></li>
<li><p>Contained in a separate file. The xlink:href attribute of this element references that file.</p></li>
<li><p>Contained in a child &lt;office:binary-data&gt; element of this element. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:class-id 19.119, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:binary-data&gt; 10.4.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:applet&gt; (Deprecated)</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:applet&gt; element represents an applet that is embedded in a document. Its semantics are the same as the &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. §13.4 of [HTML4]. This element shall have either a draw:code or draw:object attribute.</p>
<p>The applet name, width, height, margins, title and description are specified by the &lt;draw:applet&gt; element&#039;s &lt;draw:frame&gt; parent element. The &lt;draw:applet&gt; element does not support character data content.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:applet&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:applet&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:archive 19.113, draw:code 19.121, draw:may-script 19.195, draw:object 19.201, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:applet&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;draw:param&gt; 10.4.9.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:plugin&gt; </h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:plugin&gt; element represents an external application that processes data with a specified media type.</p>
<p>How OpenDocument consumers interact with external applications is not defined by this specification.</p>
<p>Note: Consumers are responsible for any and all security issues that may arise from interaction with an external application referenced by a &lt;draw:plugin&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:plugin&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:plugin&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:mime-type 19.191, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:plugin&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;draw:param&gt; 10.4.9.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:param&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:param&gt; element contains parameters that are passed to an applet or plugin when they are initialized.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:param&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7 and &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:param&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:name 19.197 and draw:value 19.230.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:param&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; element represents a frame that is embedded in a document.</p>
<p>Floating frames cannot be transformed as described in section 19.228.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:frame-name 19.172, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>Contours</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; and &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; elements are used to specify contours to be applied to object or images.</p>
<p>Consumers should support pixel lengths for the svg:width and svg:height attributes of the &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; and &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; elements.</p>
<p>Note: A contour of an object or image establishes an outer boundary around an object or image. One use would be the wrapping of text around a contour specified for an image, if style:wrap-contour=”true” and a contour is specified.</p>
<h4>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; element specifies a contour using a polygon. </p>
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:points 19.206, draw:recreate-on-edit 19.208, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574 and svg:width 19.575.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; element specifies a contour using a path. </p>
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:recreate-on-edit 19.208, svg:d 19.530, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574 and svg:width 19.575.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:a&gt; element enables both frames and drawing shapes to act as hyperlinks. </p>
<p>The &lt;draw:a&gt; element contains a drawing shape that should behave as a hyperlink.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:a&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:a&gt; element has the following attributes: office:name 19.380, office:server-map 19.382, office:target-frame-name 19.385, office:title 19.387, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:a&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<h3>Client Side Image Maps</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<p>An client side image map is a collection of hyperlinks that are associated with graphic elements. The image map is a sequence of image map elements. Each image map element associates a hyperlink with an area. The area can be a rectangle, circle or polygon.</p>
<h4>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;draw:image-map&gt; element represents an image map.</p>
<p>Image map elements are specified at absolute positions relative to the original size of its associated graphical element. OpenDocument consumer shall scale the image map to match the current size of the image.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:image-map&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:image-map&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:image-map&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5 and &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<h4>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; element specifies a rectangular image map area.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:image-map&gt; 10.4.13.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:nohref 19.199, office:name 19.380, office:target-frame-name 19.385, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<h4>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; element represents a circular image map area.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:image-map&gt; 10.4.13.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:nohref 19.199, office:name 19.380, office:target-frame-name 19.385, svg:cx 19.528, svg:cy 19.529, svg:r 19.553, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<h4>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; element specifies a polygonal image map area. A polygonal image map area has the following components:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A bounding box.<br />
The bounding box establishes the reference frame for the view box and the polygon point sequence. The reference frame enables the coordinates to be translated into absolute coordinates.</p></li>
<li><p>A view box.<br />
The view box attribute establishes a coordinate system for the point sequence. The view box avoids the need to record every point of the point sequence as absolute coordinates with length and unit of measurement.</p></li>
<li><p>A sequence of points in view-box coordinates in the draw:points attribute.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: For more information about how to represent polygons, see &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:image-map&gt; 10.4.13.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:nohref 19.199, draw:points 19.206, office:name 19.380, office:target-frame-name 19.385, svg:height 19.543, svg:viewBox 19.574, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<h2>3D Shapes</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>3D shapes are used to define three-dimensional coordinate systems and geometrical figures within them. All OpenDocument 3D coordinate systems are right-handed. Geometry is represented by a tree of scenes. Each scene may contain zero or more 3D shapes, with a scene being a special case of shape. The root scene defines the world coordinate system. Each 3D shape may define a local coordinate system relative to its parent 3D scene.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element is the only element that can contain three-dimensional shapes. Like the &lt;draw:g&gt; element it groups shapes, but it also defines the projection, lighting, and other rendering details for the shapes inside the scene.</p>
<p>The attributes svg:x, svg:y, svg:width and svg:height are only evaluated for the outermost &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element. The attributes svg:x, svg:y, svg:width and svg:height specify together a rectangular viewport into which the projection of the scene is drawn. The projection is scaled non-uniformly such that the bounding box of the projected elements matches the viewport rectangle. </p>
<p>The attributes svg:x and svg:y refer to the coordinate system of the parent element. They specify the top-left point of the viewport rectangle. </p>
<p>Note: To display a uniformly scaled projection, the producer has to generate suitable values for svg:width and svg:height. </p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:ambient-color 19.92, dr3d:distance 19.96, dr3d:focal-length 19.98, dr3d:lighting-mode 19.99, dr3d:projection 19.102, dr3d:shade-mode 19.103, dr3d:shadow-slant 19.104, dr3d:transform 19.107, dr3d:vpn 19.108, dr3d:vrp 19.109, dr3d:vup 19.110, draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 and &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element represents a light inside a scene.</p>
<p>Note: There may be several lights, but consumers may limit the number of lights per scene to 8. </p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:diffuse-color 19.94, dr3d:direction 19.95, dr3d:enabled 19.97 and dr3d:specular 19.106.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; element represents a three-dimensional cube shape.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:max-edge 19.100, dr3d:min-edge 19.101, dr3d:transform 19.107, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; element represents a three-dimensional sphere shape.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:center 19.93, dr3d:size 19.105, dr3d:transform 19.107, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; element represents a three-dimensional extruded object based on the given polygon. The 3D geometry is formed by extruding a polygon perpendicular to the plane of the given polygon by a depth (see dr3d:depth, 20.79), creating a front face, a back face and side faces. The side faces are formed by connecting all corresponding single edges of the front and back faces. When no depth is given, the polygon forms a shape without depth. The closing of the front face depends on the value of the dr3d:close-front attribute 20.78. The closing of the back face depends on the value of the dr3d:close-back attribute 20.77. The size of the back face can be relative to the size of the front face when the dr3d:back-scale attribute is used. The side faces defined by the extrusion of the shape are always closed. </p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:transform 19.107, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:d 19.530, svg:viewBox 19.574 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; element represents a three-dimensional rotation shape based on the given polygon. The 3D geometry is defined by rotating the XY-plane with the polygon around the Y-axis of the local coordinate system.  This rotation is linearly interpolated in the given number of steps (dr3d:horizontal-segments 20.85) around the given angle (dr3d:end-angle 20.84). The side faces are formed by connecting all corresponding single edges of a neighboring pairs of rotated polygons. By default, the rotation uses a full rotation (360 degrees, dr3d:end-angle attribute 20.84). In that case the 3D geometry is implicitly closed and no front face or back face is created (unless they are of different sizes). If the rotation is different, a front face is created using the first, unrotated polygon and a back face is created using the last rotated polygon. The closing of a front face also depends on the value of the dr3d:close-front attribute 20.78 and the closing of a back face on the value of the dr3d:close-back 20.77 attribute. The size of the back face can be different than the size of the front face when the dr3d:back-scale attribute 20.75 is used.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:transform 19.107, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:d 19.530, svg:viewBox 19.574 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Custom Shape</h2>
<h3>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element represents a complex figure. It supports font geometry effects and extrusion. A custom shape may have a geometry that influences its shape. </p>
<p>The &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:shapes&gt; 9.2.8, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:deletion&gt; 5.5.5, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:index-body&gt; 8.2.2, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:note-body&gt; 6.3.4, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-id 19.115, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:data 19.131, draw:engine 19.146, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2, &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19, &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18, &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element contains the geometry for a &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element if its draw:engine attribute has been omitted.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:projection 19.102, dr3d:shade-mode 19.103, draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed 19.124, draw:enhanced-path 19.145, draw:extrusion 19.148, draw:extrusion-allowed 19.149, draw:extrusion-brightness 19.150, draw:extrusion-color 19.151, draw:extrusion-depth 19.152, draw:extrusion-diffusion 19.153, draw:extrusion-first-light-direction 19.154, draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh 19.155, draw:extrusion-first-light-level 19.156, draw:extrusion-light-face 19.157, draw:extrusion-metal 19.158, draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments 19.159, draw:extrusion-origin 19.160, draw:extrusion-rotation-angle 19.161, draw:extrusion-rotation-center 19.162, draw:extrusion-second-light-direction 19.163, draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh 19.164, draw:extrusion-second-light-level 19.165, draw:extrusion-shininess 19.166, draw:extrusion-skew 19.167, draw:extrusion-specularity 19.168, draw:extrusion-viewpoint 19.169, draw:glue-point-leaving-directions 19.173, draw:glue-point-type 19.174, draw:glue-points 19.175, draw:mirror-horizontal 19.192, draw:mirror-vertical 19.193, draw:modifiers 19.196, draw:path-stretchpoint-x 19.204, draw:path-stretchpoint-y 19.205, draw:text-areas 19.220, draw:text-path 19.221, draw:text-path-allowed 19.222, draw:text-path-mode 19.223, draw:text-path-same-letter-heights 19.224, draw:text-path-scale 19.225, draw:text-rotate-angle 19.226, draw:type 19.229 and svg:viewBox 19.574.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5 and &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:handle&gt; element represents a single interaction handle for a drawing shape.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:handle&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:handle&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:handle-mirror-horizontal 19.176, draw:handle-mirror-vertical 19.177, draw:handle-polar 19.178, draw:handle-position 19.179, draw:handle-radius-range-maximum 19.180, draw:handle-radius-range-minimum 19.181, draw:handle-range-x-maximum 19.182, draw:handle-range-x-minimum 19.183, draw:handle-range-y-maximum 19.184, draw:handle-range-y-minimum 19.185 and draw:handle-switched 19.186.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:handle&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Presentation Shapes</h2>
<p>Presentation shapes are shapes on a draw page that are part of a presentation page layout 16.43 element. They use styles with a style family value of presentation 19.394, unlike drawing shapes which use styles with a style family value of graphic 19.120. Presentation shapes can be empty, acting only as placeholders. If a draw page&#039;s presentation layout is changed, all presentation shapes contained in that draw page are adapted automatically.</p>
<p>Standard drawing shapes can also be used in presentations. The presentation:class 19.393 attribute distinguishes presentation shapes from drawing shapes. Unlike presentation shapes, standard drawing shapes are not adapted if the presentation page layout is changed.</p>
<h2>Presentation Animations</h2>
<h3>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;presentation:animations&gt; element is a container for animation effects. Animation effects are executed when a page represented by a &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 element containing this element is displayed.</p>
<p>A single shape may be the subject of multiple effects. </p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:animations&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:animations&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:animations&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9, &lt;presentation:dim&gt; 10.8.7, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:play&gt; 10.8.8, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;presentation:sound&gt; element represents a sound.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:sound&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:dim&gt; 10.8.7, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3, &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4 and &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:sound&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:play-full 19.412, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:sound&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; element specifies when and how a shape becomes visible. Prior to execution of the effect defined by this element the shape is invisible.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:shape-id 19.210, presentation:delay 19.395, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:path-id 19.409, presentation:speed 19.421 and presentation:start-scale 19.422.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; element specifies when and how the text within a shape becomes visible. Prior to execution of the effect defined by this element the shape and the text it contains are invisible. </p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:shape-id 19.210, presentation:delay 19.395, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:path-id 19.409, presentation:speed 19.421 and presentation:start-scale 19.422.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; element specifies when and how a shape becomes invisible. Prior to execution of the effect defined by this element the shape is visible.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:shape-id 19.210, presentation:delay 19.395, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:path-id 19.409, presentation:speed 19.421 and presentation:start-scale 19.422.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; element specifies when and how the text within a shape becomes invisible. Prior to execution of the effect specified by this element the shape and the text it contains are visible.  </p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:shape-id 19.210, presentation:delay 19.395, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:path-id 19.409, presentation:speed 19.421 and presentation:start-scale 19.422.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;presentation:dim&gt; element specifies a fill color for a shape.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:dim&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:dim&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:color 19.122 and draw:shape-id 19.210.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:dim&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;presentation:play&gt; element specifies the presentation speed of animation of a shape. </p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:play&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; 10.8.9 and &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:play&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:shape-id 19.210 and presentation:speed 19.421.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:play&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; element contains elements that specify multiple animation effects. Containment results in all effects occurring at the same time. </p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;presentation:animations&gt; 10.8.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:animation-group&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;presentation:dim&gt; 10.8.7, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:play&gt; 10.8.8, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<h2>SMIL Presentation Animations</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>SMIL based shape animations are specified for presentation documents. This type of animation can be used instead of that specified by &lt;presentation:animations&gt; elements if elements for one of the following items is required:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Multiple animations per shape.</p></li>
<li><p>A mixture of animations starting on user interaction and starting automatically per page.</p></li>
<li><p>Multiple animations running at the same time.</p></li>
<li><p>Additional effects ”programmed” in XML by combining animation elements.</p></li>
<li><p>Document transformations to SVG.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>An <em>effect</em> is a combination of one or more animation elements that animate a single shape and or a shape&#039;s paragraphs.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; </h3>
<p>The &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element defines the trigger for a presentation event.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:action 19.391, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:speed 19.421, presentation:start-scale 19.422, presentation:verb 19.432, script:event-name 19.433, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<h3>Presentation Document Content</h3>
<h4>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;presentation:header&gt; element defines a field that contains a header for a presentation. Which header field declaration is used is specified by the presentation:use-header-name 19.430 attribute of the &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 where the field occurs. In a presentation shape inside a master page 19.393, the presentation:use-header-name attribute of the &lt;draw:page&gt; element for which the drawing shape is displayed is used. </p>
<p>Note: This field is mainly used inside master pages. Since its value may differ for the individual drawing pages that make use of a master page, the current field value is not available.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:header&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:header&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:header&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; element specifies the text of a header field.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; element has the following attribute: presentation:name 19.405.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer&gt; element defines a field that contains a footer for a presentation. Footer fields display a footer text specified in a footer field declaration. See 10.9.3.4. Which footer field declaration is used is specified by the presentation:use-footer-name attribute of the draw page where the field occurs. In a presentation drawing shape inside a master page 19.393, the presentation:use-footer-name attribute of the &lt;draw:page&gt; for which the drawing shape is displayed is used.</p>
<p>Note: This field is mainly used inside master pages. Since its value may differ for the individual drawing pages that make use of a master page, the current field value is not available.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; element specifies the text of a footer field.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; element has the following attribute: presentation:name 19.405.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; element defines a field that contains a date/time text for a presentation. Date/time fields display a date/time text as specified in the date/time field declaration. See 10.9.3.6. Which date/time field declaration is used is specified by the presentation:use-date-time-name attribute of the draw page where the field occurs. In a presentation drawing shape inside a master page 19.393, the presentation:use-date-time-name attribute of the drawing page for which the drawing shape is displayed is used. </p>
<p>Note: This field is mainly used inside master pages. Since its value may differ for the individual drawing pages that make use of a master page, the current field value is not available.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h4>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element specifies the text of a date/time field.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:name 19.405, presentation:source 19.420 and style:data-style-name 19.473.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h4>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;presentation:settings&gt; element is a container for the settings for a presentation in a document. </p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:settings&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:settings&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:animations 19.392, presentation:endless 19.397, presentation:force-manual 19.399, presentation:full-screen 19.400, presentation:mouse-as-pen 19.403, presentation:mouse-visible 19.404, presentation:pause 19.410, presentation:show 19.417, presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide 19.418, presentation:show-logo 19.419, presentation:start-page 19.423, presentation:start-with-navigator 19.424, presentation:stay-on-top 19.425 and presentation:transition-on-click 19.427.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:settings&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:show&gt; 10.9.3.8.</p>
<h4>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</h4>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show&gt; element specifies the order in which pages are displayed during a presentation. </p>
<p>Note: The order of pages can be used to omit or repeat pages in a presentation.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:name 19.405 and presentation:pages 19.408.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:show&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h1>Chart Content</h1>
<h2>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:chart&gt; element represents a chart. </p>
<p>The &lt;chart:chart&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:chart&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:class 19.15, chart:column-mapping 19.16, chart:row-mapping 19.26, chart:style-name 19.27, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:type 19.919 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:chart&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2, &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<h2>Title, Subtitle and Footer</h2>
<h3>&lt;chart:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;chart:title&gt; element represents a title in a chart document. </p>
<p>The text of a title is specified by a child &lt;text:p&gt; element or a table:cell-range attribute. If a child &lt;text:p&gt; element and a table:cell-range attribute are both present, the text specified by the table:cell-range attribute is used as the title. By default, the content of a child &lt;text:p&gt; element is displayed as the title. </p>
<p>This element can also be a sub-element of &lt;chart:axis&gt;. 11.9 In that case the title is displayed beside the axis specified by the &lt;chart:axis&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:title&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 and &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:title&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581 and table:cell-range 19.596.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:title&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; element represents a subtitle for a chart.</p>
<p>The text of a subtitle is specified by a child &lt;text:p&gt; element or a table:cell-range attribute. If a child &lt;text:p&gt; element and a table:cell-range attribute are both present, the text specified by the table:cell-range attribute is used as the subtitle. By default, the content of a child &lt;text:p&gt; element is displayed as the title. </p>
<p>The &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581 and table:cell-range 19.596.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;chart:footer&gt; element represents a footer below a chart&#039;s plot area.</p>
<p>The text of a footer is specified by a child &lt;text:p&gt; element or a table:cell-range attribute. If a child &lt;text:p&gt; element and a table:cell-range attribute are both present, the text specified by the table:cell-range attribute is used as the footer. By default, the content of a child &lt;text:p&gt; element is displayed as the footer. </p>
<p>The &lt;chart:footer&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:footer&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581 and table:cell-range 19.596.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:footer&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element specifies a positioning rectangle.</p>
<p>For charts with a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, the used intervals on the axes span a rectangular coordinate-region. Axis labels, tick marks, axis titles and data labels are not considered in determining the coordinate-region. The coordinate system is scaled so that the coordinate-region matches width and height of the positioning rectangle. The entire chart is located so that the coordinate-region matches the positioning rectangle.</p>
<p>Charts of the predefined classes chart:radar, chart:filled-radar, chart:circle and chart:ring do not have a Cartesian coordinate system. For such charts the smallest bounding circle is considered ignoring all axis labels, tick marks, axis titles and data labels. The rectangular bounding box of this circle is the coordinate-region. Where single data points have a chart:pie-offset greater than zero that offset shall not contribute to an expansion of the coordinate-region; thus a pulled out pie segment is allowed to protrude from the coordinate-region. A chart:pie-offset at the series element in contrast shall contribute to the coordinate region.</p>
<p>Circle or ring or the polar coordinate system of radar-charts respectively is uniformly scaled so that the coordinate-region has maximal size, but does not exceed the size of the positioning rectangle. The entire chart is located so that the coordinate-region is centered in the positioning rectangle. Producers should specify a square positioning rectangle for charts of these classes.</p>
<p>The behavior for the three-dimensional charts is described in section 11.5.</p>
<p>The behavior is implementation-defined for charts of non-predefined chart classes, which have no Cartesian coordinate system.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element has the following attributes: svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:legend&gt; element represents a legend for a chart. If there is no &lt;chart:legend&gt; element for a chart, no legend is displayed. </p>
<p>A legend contains a list of legend entries. Each entry consists of a graphical entry key and an entry text. </p>
<p>For circle and ring charts each legend entry represents an individual data point of the first series. The graphical entry key represents the visual appearance of a data point while the entry text is the category of the point.</p>
<p>The categories to use are given as a list of labels defined by the &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element at the x-axis. They are paired with matching data points in the order in which they appear. </p>
<p>For surface charts each graphic entry key represents the graphical appearance of the surface within a major interval of the altitude axis and the entry text represents the value range of that interval.</p>
<p>For all other chart types the legend entries represent the series of the chart. The graphical entry keys represent the visual appearance of each series while the entry texts contain the names of the series. </p>
<p>The legend may include additional entries for regression-curves and mean-value lines. </p>
<p>The &lt;chart:legend&gt; element may contain a &lt;text:p&gt; element. If present, it defines a title for the legend.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:legend&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:legend&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:legend-align 19.22, chart:legend-position 19.23, chart:style-name 19.27, style:legend-expansion 19.494, style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio 19.495, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:legend&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element represents a coordinate system in which data is plotted including defined axes.</p>
<p>The plot area may be displayed as a 3D scene as specified in section 10.5.2. All 3D attributes that can be applied to the &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element can be applied to the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element. This includes the dr3d:transform attribute that specifies the rotation of the three-dimensional plot area. 10.5.2 The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element may contain a &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element as specified in section 10.5.3.</p>
<p>The svg:x, svg:y, svg:width and svg:height attributes specify together a positioning rectangle that serves as the viewport for the projection of the scene. Consumers shall use uniform scaling, so that the projection has maximal size but does not exceed the size of the positioning rectangle. The projection of the scene is centered inside the positioning rectangle.</p>
<p>If a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element contains a &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element, the position and size values of the &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element are used instead of those from the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; to determine the positioning rectangle.</p>
<p>If the attributes chart:auto-position and chart:auto-size within a chart style applied to the chart:plot-area have the value true, all positioning attributes including those within child element &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; shall be ignored.</p>
<p>For three-dimensional charts of classes chart:circle and chart:ring the content is extruded. The bounding box as described in 11.3 is extruded the same way and used instead of the entire scene to position and scale the projection.</p>
<p>For charts with a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, the used intervals on the axes generate a cuboid. This is used instead of the entire scene to position and scale the projection.</p>
<p>For other three-dimensional charts the behavior is implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:data-source-has-labels 19.17, chart:style-name 19.27, dr3d:ambient-color 19.92, dr3d:distance 19.96, dr3d:focal-length 19.98, dr3d:lighting-mode 19.99, dr3d:projection 19.102, dr3d:shade-mode 19.103, dr3d:shadow-slant 19.104, dr3d:transform 19.107, dr3d:vpn 19.108, dr3d:vrp 19.109, dr3d:vup 19.110, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:cell-range-address 19.597 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9, &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3, &lt;chart:floor&gt; 11.8, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12, &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; 11.20, &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; 11.21, &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; 11.22, &lt;chart:wall&gt; 11.7 and &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3.</p>
<h2>3D Plot Area</h2>
<p>The plot area may be displayed as an 3D scene as specified in section 10.5.2. All 3D attributes that can be applied to the &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element can be applied to the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element. This includes the dr3d:transform attribute that specifies the rotation of the three-dimensional plot area. 10.5.2 The &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element may contain a &lt;dr3d:light&gt; element as specified in section 10.5.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:wall&gt; element specifies the wall of a chart. For two-dimensional charts, the wall spans the entire plot area. For three-dimensional charts, the wall consists of two perpendicular rectangles.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies the thickness of a wall for three-dimensional charts.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:wall&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:wall&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27 and svg:width 19.575.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:wall&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:floor&gt; element specifies the floor of a chart. For three-dimensional charts, the &lt;chart:floor&gt; element shall be present in addition to the &lt;chart:wall&gt; element. </p>
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies the thickness of the floor.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:floor&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:floor&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27 and svg:width 19.575.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:floor&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:axis&gt; element specifies an axis for a chart.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:axis&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:axis&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:dimension 19.18, chart:name 19.24 and chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:axis&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10, &lt;chart:grid&gt; 11.11 and &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:categories&gt; element represents labels that are displayed on a category-axis.</p>
<p>This element may have a table:cell-range-address attribute that specifies a range from which category labels are taken. If this attribute or the &lt;chart:categories&gt; element itself is omitted, the chart:data-source-has-labels attribute of the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element should be evaluated for labels to display on a category-axis.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:categories&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:categories&gt; element has the following attribute: table:cell-range-address 19.597.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:categories&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:grid&gt; element specifies a grid for an axis. </p>
<p>The &lt;chart:grid&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:grid&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:class 19.15 and chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:grid&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:series&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:series&gt; element represents a data series in a chart. If the chart requires more input data, it is the case for scatter and bubble charts, &lt;chart:domain&gt; sub-elements shall be defined that contain the cell range addresses of the corresponding data.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:series&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:series&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:attached-axis 19.13, chart:class 19.15, chart:label-cell-address 19.21, chart:style-name 19.27, chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:series&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13, &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; 11.17, &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; 11.16 and &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; 11.18.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:domain&gt; element specifies coordinate values required by particular chart types.</p>
<p>For scatter charts, one &lt;chart:domain&gt; element shall exist. Its table:cell-range-address attribute references the x-coordinate values for the scatter chart.</p>
<p>For bubble charts, two &lt;chart:domain&gt; elements shall exist. The values for the y-coordinates are given by the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; element. The values for the x-coordinates are given by the second &lt;chart:domain&gt; element.</p>
<p>For surface charts, up to two &lt;chart:domain&gt; elements are allowed to exist. The values for the y-coordinates are given by the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; element. The values for the x-coordinates are given by the second &lt;chart:domain&gt; element. </p>
<p>At least one &lt;chart:series&gt; element of a given chart:class shall have the necessary number of &lt;chart:domain&gt; sub-elements. All other &lt;chart:series&gt; elements with the same chart:class may omit the &lt;chart:domain&gt; sub-elements and use the previously-defined values for the same chart:class value. </p>
<p>The &lt;chart:domain&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:domain&gt; element has the following attribute: table:cell-range-address 19.597.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:domain&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:data-point&gt; element specifies a style for a single data point in a data series.</p>
<p>Note: This element would typically be used if a single data point has a special or distinct appearance.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:data-point&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:data-point&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:repeated 19.25, chart:style-name 19.27 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:data-point&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element represents the data label of a data point. </p>
<p>The &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element can also be a sub-element of a data series. In that case, the data label serves as default for all the data points of this series.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 and &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:style-name 19.27, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:mean-value&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; element specifies a style for a mean-value line.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; element has the following attribute: chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; element specifies a style for error indicators.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:dimension 19.18 and chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; element specifies the properties of regression curves.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; element has the following attribute: chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:equation&gt; element represents the equation for a containing regression curve. </p>
<p>The &lt;chart:equation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; 11.18.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:equation&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:automatic-content 19.14, chart:display-equation 19.19, chart:display-r-square 19.20, chart:style-name 19.27, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:equation&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; element specifies a style for candlestick-bars in a stock chart that have a higher closing value than opening value.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; element has the following attribute: chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; element specifies the style for candlestick-bars 19.15.1 in a stock chart that have a lower closing value than opening value.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; element has the following attribute: chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; element specifies a style for the range-lines 19.15.1 in a stock chart. A range-line is a line connecting the minimum value with the maximum value.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; element has the following attribute: chart:style-name 19.27.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h1>Database Front-end Document Content</h1>
<h2>&lt;office:database&gt;</h2>
<p>A &lt;office:database&gt; element is a container of database elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:database&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:body&gt; 3.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:database&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:database&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:data-source&gt; 12.2, &lt;db:forms&gt; 12.25.2, &lt;db:queries&gt; 12.26, &lt;db:reports&gt; 12.25.3, &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; 12.36 and &lt;db:table-representations&gt; 12.32.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</h2>
<p>A &lt;db:data-source&gt; element is a container for data source specific elements that are needed to create a connection to a database.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15, &lt;db:connection-data&gt; 12.3 and &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:connection-data&gt; element specifies the information necessary to connect to a database.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:connection-data&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:data-source&gt; 12.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:connection-data&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:connection-data&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;db:database-description&gt; 12.4 and &lt;db:login&gt; 12.8.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:database-description&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:database-description&gt; element specifies a database resource by its type and access parameters.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:database-description&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:connection-data&gt; 12.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:database-description&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:database-description&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5 and &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element specifies a database which is composed of one or more files in an arbitrary file system.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:database-description&gt; 12.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element has the following attributes: db:extension 19.52, db:media-type 19.69, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:server-database&gt; element specifies connection information for a server-based database. </p>
<p>The &lt;db:server-database&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:database-description&gt; 12.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:server-database&gt; element has the following attributes: db:database-name 19.43, db:hostname 19.54, db:local-socket 19.67, db:port 19.72 and db:type 19.85.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:server-database&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; element specifies a database connection by an IRI.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:connection-data&gt; 12.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; element has the following attributes: xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:login&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:login&gt; element specifies the information needed to establish a connection to a database.</p>
<p>Note: For security reasons, the &lt;db:login&gt; element does not have an attribute to store a password that may be required to establish a connection. </p>
<p>The &lt;db:login&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:connection-data&gt; 12.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:login&gt; element has the following attributes: db:is-password-required 19.63, db:login-timeout 19.61, db:use-system-user 19.89 and db:user-name 19.90.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:login&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; element specifies settings for a driver establishing the database connection.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:data-source&gt; 12.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; element has the following attributes: db:base-dn 19.35, db:is-first-row-header-line 19.60, db:parameter-name-substitution 19.71, db:show-deleted 19.78 and db:system-driver-settings 19.82.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; 12.10, &lt;db:character-set&gt; 12.12, &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11 and &lt;db:table-settings&gt; 12.13.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:auto-increment&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; element specifies SQL statements to retrieve auto-generated row values and to set AUTO_INCREMENT values for columns. </p>
<p>The &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; element has the following attributes: db:additional-column-statement 19.31 and db:row-retrieving-statement 19.75.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:delimiter&gt; element defines a delimiter for parsing data.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:delimiter&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9 and &lt;db:table-setting&gt; 12.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:delimiter&gt; element has the following attributes: db:decimal 19.44, db:field 19.53, db:string 19.79 and db:thousand 19.83.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:delimiter&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:character-set&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:character-set&gt; element defines the text encoding that is used to transform string data obtained from a database.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:character-set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9 and &lt;db:table-setting&gt; 12.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:character-set&gt; element has the following attribute: db:encoding 19.50.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:character-set&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-settings&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:table-settings&gt; element is a container for &lt;db:table-setting&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-settings&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-settings&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-settings&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-setting&gt; 12.14.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:table-setting&gt; element specifies driver-level settings which are used by a database driver for defining a single database table.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-setting&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-settings&gt; 12.13.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-setting&gt; element has the following attributes: db:is-first-row-header-line 19.60 and db:show-deleted 19.78.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-setting&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:character-set&gt; 12.12 and &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; element specifies settings which define how a consumer uses a database connection.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:data-source&gt; 12.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; element has the following attributes: db:append-table-alias-name 19.32, db:boolean-comparison-mode 19.36, db:enable-sql92-check 19.49, db:ignore-driver-privileges 19.55, db:is-table-name-length-limited 19.66, db:max-row-count 19.68, db:suppress-version-columns 19.81 and db:use-catalog 19.88.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; 12.22, &lt;db:table-filter&gt; 12.16 and &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; 12.20.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-filter&gt;</h2>
<p>A &lt;db:table-filter&gt; element defines a list of filter patterns which are applied on the table names returned by a database. Only tables which match at least one include filter, and do not match any exclude filter, will be displayed.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; 12.18 and &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; 12.17.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-include-filter&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; element specifies a list of filter patterns which determine inclusion of tables in a consumer&#039;s table display.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-filter&gt; 12.16.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; 12.19.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; element specifies a list of filter patterns which determine exclusion of tables in a consumer&#039;s table display.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-filter&gt; 12.16.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; 12.19.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; element specifies a filter pattern. </p>
<p>The “%” (U+0025. PERCENT SIGN) character is used as wildcard.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt; 12.18 and &lt;db:table-include-filter&gt; 12.17.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-type-filter&gt;</h2>
<p>A &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; element defines a list of table types which a database uses to filter tables. </p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-type&gt; 12.21.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-type&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:table-type&gt; element specifies a table type. </p>
<p>Note: Table types are database-specific.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-type&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-type-filter&gt; 12.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-type&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-type&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-type&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; element is a container element for &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; 12.23.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element specifies the name of a data-source-setting, a data-source-setting type, and whether a data-source-setting contains a list of data or single data.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; 12.22.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element has the following attributes: db:data-source-setting-is-list 19.39, db:data-source-setting-name 19.40 and db:data-source-setting-type 19.41.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; 12.24.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; element specifies the content of a data-source-setting.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; 12.23.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>Forms and Reports</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Database documents can contain forms and reports as sub-documents. They&#039;re included in database front-end documents by XLinks. Alternatively, the content of sub-documents may be included in the &lt;db:component&gt; elements as child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:forms&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;db:forms&gt; element may contain &lt;db:component&gt; or &lt;db:component-collection&gt; elements or both. It specifies a list of form documents and sub-collections. </p>
<p>The &lt;db:forms&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:forms&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:forms&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:reports&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;db:reports&gt; element may contain &lt;db:component&gt; or &lt;db:component-collection&gt; elements or both. It specifies a list of report documents and sub-collections. </p>
<p>The &lt;db:reports&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:reports&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:reports&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;db:component-collection&gt; element specifies a collection of &lt;db:component&gt; elements and &lt;db:component-collection&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:component-collection&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4, &lt;db:forms&gt; 12.25.2 and &lt;db:reports&gt; 12.25.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:component-collection&gt; element has the following attributes: db:description 19.48, db:name 19.70 and db:title 19.84.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:component-collection&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:component&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;db:component&gt; element specifies a database component which can be either a form or a report.</p>
<p>A database component is referenced using the xlink:href attribute or it is contained in a child element of either a &lt;office:document&gt; or &lt;math:math&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:component&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4, &lt;db:forms&gt; 12.25.2 and &lt;db:reports&gt; 12.25.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:component&gt; element has the following attributes: db:as-template 19.34, db:description 19.48, db:name 19.70, db:title 19.84, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:component&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;math:math&gt; 14.6 and &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:queries&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:queries&gt; element may contain &lt;db:query&gt; or &lt;db:query-collection&gt; elements or both.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:queries&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:queries&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:queries&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:query-collection&gt; element may contain &lt;db:query&gt; or &lt;db:query-collection&gt; elements or both.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:query-collection&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:queries&gt; 12.26 and &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:query-collection&gt; element has the following attributes: db:description 19.48, db:name 19.70 and db:title 19.84.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:query-collection&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:query&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:query&gt; element specifies a database query.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:query&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:queries&gt; 12.26 and &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:query&gt; element has the following attributes: db:command 19.38, db:default-row-style-name 19.46, db:description 19.48, db:escape-processing 19.51, db:name 19.70, db:style-name 19.80 and db:title 19.84.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:query&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:columns&gt; 12.34, &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; 12.30, &lt;db:order-statement&gt; 12.29 and &lt;db:update-table&gt; 12.31.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:order-statement&gt; element specifies a sort (&quot;ORDER BY&quot;) [SQL] clause which is to be applied on top of another [SQL] statement producing a result set.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:order-statement&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:order-statement&gt; element has the following attributes: db:apply-command 19.33 and db:command 19.38.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:order-statement&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; element specifies a filter (&quot;WHERE&quot;) [SQL] clause which is to be applied on top of another [SQL]-statement producing a result set.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; element has the following attributes: db:apply-command 19.33 and db:command 19.38.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:update-table&gt; element specifies the name of the table which will be updated when an UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE [SQL] statement is executed. It defines the table which should be updated when a SELECT [SQL] statement contains more than one table. </p>
<p>The &lt;db:update-table&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:update-table&gt; element has the following attributes: db:catalog-name 19.37, db:name 19.70 and db:schema-name 19.77.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:update-table&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-representations&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:table-representations&gt; element specifies a collection of tables.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-representations&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-representations&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-representations&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</h2>
<p>A &lt;db:table-representation&gt; element specifies how a consumer displays a table to the user.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-representation&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-representations&gt; 12.32.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-representation&gt; element has the following attributes: db:catalog-name 19.37, db:default-row-style-name 19.46, db:description 19.48, db:name 19.70, db:schema-name 19.77, db:style-name 19.80 and db:title 19.84.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-representation&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:columns&gt; 12.34, &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; 12.30 and &lt;db:order-statement&gt; 12.29.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:columns&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:columns&gt; element is a collection of &lt;db:column&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:columns&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:columns&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:columns&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:column&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:column&gt; element specifies settings for a column.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:columns&gt; 12.34.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:column&gt; element has the following attributes: db:default-cell-style-name 19.45, db:description 19.48, db:name 19.70, db:style-name 19.80, db:title 19.84, db:visible 19.91, office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:schema-definition&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; element specifies a database schema. </p>
<p>The &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:database&gt; 12.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; 12.37.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-definitions&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; element is a container for multiple &lt;db:table-definition&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:schema-definition&gt; 12.36.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:table-definition&gt; element specifies the schema of a single table.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-definition&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-definitions&gt; 12.37.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-definition&gt; element has the following attributes: db:catalog-name 19.37, db:name 19.70, db:schema-name 19.77 and db:type 19.85.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:table-definition&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; 12.39, &lt;db:indices&gt; 12.45 and &lt;db:keys&gt; 12.41.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:column-definitions&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; element is a container for &lt;db:column-definition&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:column-definition&gt; element defines a table column. </p>
<p>The &lt;db:column-definition&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:column-definitions&gt; 12.39.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:column-definition&gt; element has the following attributes: db:data-type 19.42, db:is-autoincrement 19.57, db:is-empty-allowed 19.59, db:is-nullable 19.62, db:name 19.70, db:precision 19.65, db:scale 19.76, db:type-name 19.86, office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:column-definition&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:keys&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:keys&gt; element is a container for one or more &lt;db:key&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:keys&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:keys&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:keys&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:key&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:key&gt; element specifies a key for a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:key&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:keys&gt; 12.41.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:key&gt; element has the following attributes: db:delete-rule 19.47, db:name 19.70, db:referenced-table-name 19.73, db:type 19.85 and db:update-rule 19.87.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:key&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:key-columns&gt; 12.43.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:key-columns&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:key-columns&gt; element specifies the columns of a key.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:key-columns&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:key-columns&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:key-columns&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:key-column&gt; 12.44.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:key-column&gt; element specifies a description of a column of a table key.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:key-column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:key-columns&gt; 12.43.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:key-column&gt; element has the following attributes: db:name 19.70 and db:related-column-name 19.74.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:key-column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:indices&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:indices&gt; element defines the indexes of a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:indices&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:indices&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:indices&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:index&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:index&gt; element defines the characteristics of a table index.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:index&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:indices&gt; 12.45.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:index&gt; element has the following attributes: db:catalog-name 19.37, db:is-clustered 19.58, db:is-unique 19.64 and db:name 19.70.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:index&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:index-columns&gt; 12.47.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:index-columns&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:index-columns&gt; element specifies the columns of a table index.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:index-columns&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:index-columns&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:index-columns&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;db:index-column&gt; 12.48.</p>
<h2>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;db:index-column&gt; element specifies the description of a column of a table index.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:index-column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;db:index-columns&gt; 12.47.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:index-column&gt; element has the following attributes: db:is-ascending 19.56 and db:name 19.70.</p>
<p>The &lt;db:index-column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h1>Form Content</h1>
<h2>General</h2>
<p>A form is a container for user-interface controls. </p>
<p>Note: Buttons, text boxes, check boxes, and drop-down lists are user interface controls that can be contained in a form. </p>
<p>In the OpenDocument format, the following rules apply to user interface controls and forms:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>All controls shall be located in a form. 13.5</p></li>
<li><p>All controls that are not hidden are assigned an absolute or relative position. These visual aspects of a control are represented by drawing shapes that contain a reference to the control.</p></li>
<li><p>Forms may be nested. The containing form provides a context for the contained form.</p></li>
<li><p>Forms are not connected with the text flow and layout of a document.</p></li>
<li><p>Forms can be data-aware. A form is data-aware if the values subject to its controls are populated from and updated to a database.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Form behavior is defined for submission and connection to a data source only for forms defined by a &lt;form:form&gt; element.</p>
<p>The result set of values subject to the controls of the form is defined by the form:datasource, form:command, and form:command-type attributes. At any point in time, only one row of the result set is subject to the forms controls. </p>
<p>Form behavior is not defined for forms defined by a &lt;xforms:model&gt; element.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:forms&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:forms&gt; element is a container for &lt;form:form&gt; or &lt;xforms:model&gt; elements. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:forms&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:forms&gt; element has the following attributes: form:apply-design-mode 19.250 and form:automatic-focus 19.253.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:forms&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3 and &lt;xforms:model&gt; 13.4.</p>
<h2>&lt;form:form&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;form:form&gt; element specifies a user-interface form and defines the contents and properties of the form.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:form&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3 and &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:form&gt; element has the following attributes: form:allow-deletes 19.247, form:allow-inserts 19.248, form:allow-updates 19.249, form:apply-filter 19.251, form:command 19.256, form:command-type 19.257, form:control-implementation 19.258, form:datasource 19.264, form:detail-fields 19.267, form:enctype 19.271, form:escape-processing 19.272, form:filter 19.273, form:ignore-result 19.277, form:master-fields 19.287, form:method 19.291, form:name 19.294, form:navigation-mode 19.295, form:order 19.296, form:tab-cycle 19.309, office:target-frame 19.384, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:form&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9, &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h2>&lt;xforms:model&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;xforms:model&gt; element implements [XForms] and is embedded in the &lt;office:forms&gt; element. XForms consists of two major parts, the XForms model which contains the form logic plus form data, and XForms controls, which can be bound to a data model. </p>
<p>Controls defined by OpenDocument (see 13.5) may be bound to an XForms model by an xforms:bind attribute.</p>
<p>The &lt;xforms:model&gt; element has the attributes and content defined in §3.3.1 of [XForms].</p>
<p>The &lt;xforms:model&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2.</p>
<h2>Controls</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Controls are used to interact with forms. Each control in a form is identified by a name. The name of a control need not be unique in a form.</p>
<p>Controls are connected to the surrounding document (and its text flow, if applicable) by binding them to a shape that acts as a placeholder for the control. 10.3.13</p>
<p>In addition to the attributes defined in this standard, controls may have implementation-dependent attributes. Those attributes are stored in a &lt;form:properties&gt; element in each control. Control events are specified in a &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:text&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:text&gt; element defines a control for displaying and inputting text on a single line.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:text&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:text&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:textarea&gt; element defines a control for displaying and inputting text on multiple lines.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:textarea&gt; element may be used with plain-text values (specified by the form:current-value attribute) as well as with formatted text (specified as paragraph content). If both a form:current-value attribute and one or more &lt;text:p&gt; elements are present, it is implementation-dependent which text is used.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:textarea&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:textarea&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:textarea&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7, &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:password&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:password&gt; element defines a control that uses an echo character to hide password input by a user.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:password&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:password&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:disabled 19.268, form:echo-char 19.270, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:password&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:file&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:file&gt; element defines a control for selecting a file.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:file&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:file&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:current-value 19.262, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:file&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; element defines a control for inputting text, which follows the format defined by a data style that is assigned to the control&#039;s graphical shape.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:max-value 19.289, form:min-value 19.290, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:repeat 19.302, form:spin-button 19.306, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:validation 19.315, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:number&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:number&gt; element defines a control which allows the user to enter a floating-point number. </p>
<p>The &lt;form:number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:number&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:max-value 19.289, form:min-value 19.290, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:repeat 19.302, form:spin-button 19.306, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:number&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:date&gt; element defines a control for inputting date data. </p>
<p>The &lt;form:date&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:date&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:max-value 19.289, form:min-value 19.290, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:repeat 19.302, form:spin-button 19.306, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:date&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:time&gt; element defines a control for inputting time data.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:time&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:time&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-length 19.288, form:max-value 19.289, form:min-value 19.290, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:repeat 19.302, form:spin-button 19.306, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:time&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; element defines a control which attaches additional information to controls, or displays information. Only one label may be associated with a control.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:disabled 19.268, form:for 19.275, form:id 19.276, form:label 19.282, form:multi-line 19.292, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:title 19.313, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:combobox&gt; element defines a control which allows displaying and editing of text, and contains a list of possible values for that text.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:combobox&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:combobox&gt; element has the following attributes: form:auto-complete 19.252, form:control-implementation 19.258, form:convert-empty-to-null 19.259, form:current-value 19.262, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:dropdown 19.269, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:list-source 19.285, form:list-source-type 19.286, form:max-length 19.288, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:size 19.304, form:source-cell-range 19.305, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:combobox&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:item&gt; 13.5.12, &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:item&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:item&gt; element defines a list item for a &lt;form:combobox&gt; control.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:item&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:item&gt; element has the following attribute: form:label 19.282.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:item&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:item&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:listbox&gt; element defines an input control that allows a user to select one or more items from a list. It is an alternative representation for a group of radio buttons.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:listbox&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:listbox&gt; element has the following attributes: form:bound-column 19.254, form:control-implementation 19.258, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:dropdown 19.269, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:list-linkage-type 19.284, form:list-source 19.285, form:list-source-type 19.286, form:multiple 19.293, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:size 19.304, form:source-cell-range 19.305, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:xforms-list-source 19.318, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:listbox&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14, &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:option&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:option&gt; element defines a list item for a &lt;form:listbox&gt; control.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:option&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:option&gt; element has the following attributes: form:current-selected 19.260, form:label 19.282, form:selected 19.303 and form:value 19.316.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:option&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:option&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:button&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:button&gt; element defines a button control.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:button&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:button&gt; element has the following attributes: form:button-type 19.255, form:control-implementation 19.258, form:default-button 19.265, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:focus-on-click 19.274, form:id 19.276, form:image-align 19.278, form:image-data 19.279, form:image-position 19.280, form:label 19.282, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:repeat 19.302, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:toggle 19.314, form:value 19.316, form:xforms-submission 19.319, office:target-frame 19.384, xforms:bind 19.910, xlink:href 19.916 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:button&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:image&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:image&gt; element defines a graphical button control.</p>
<p>Note: HTML 4.01 only allows the button type to be “submit” for an image button. In OpenDocument, an image button can be of any type.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:image&gt; element has the following attributes: form:button-type 19.255, form:control-implementation 19.258, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:image-data 19.279, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, office:target-frame 19.384, xforms:bind 19.910, xlink:href 19.916 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:image&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:checkbox&gt; element defines an on/off control. The control is on when the value of the form:current-state attribute associated with the control element is checked.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:checkbox&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23 and &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:checkbox&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:current-state 19.261, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:image-align 19.278, form:image-position 19.280, form:is-tristate 19.281, form:label 19.282, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:state 19.307, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, form:visual-effect 19.317, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:checkbox&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:radio&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:radio&gt; element defines a control which acts like a check box except that when multiple radio buttons belong to the same group they are mutually exclusive. When one button is on, all of the other buttons with the same name are off. </p>
<p>Radio buttons are defined to belong to the same group if they have the same control name, as specified by their form:name attribute. </p>
<p>If a group of radio buttons is bound to one database field, and a user selects any given button, the reference value of the selected radio button is written into its database field.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:radio&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:radio&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:current-selected 19.260, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:image-align 19.278, form:image-position 19.280, form:label 19.282, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:selected 19.303, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, form:visual-effect 19.317, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:radio&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:frame&gt; element defines a frame in which controls may be visually arranged.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:frame&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:frame&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:disabled 19.268, form:for 19.275, form:id 19.276, form:label 19.282, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:title 19.313, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:frame&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:image-frame&gt; element defines a graphical control. The control displays an image, whose location is described in the control.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:image-frame&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:image-frame&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:data-field 19.263, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:image-data 19.279, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:readonly 19.301, form:title 19.313, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:image-frame&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:hidden&gt; element defines a control that does not have a visual representation. </p>
<p>Note: A control without visual representation can be used for information not displayed to the user but is submitted as part of a form.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:hidden&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:hidden&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:id 19.276, form:name 19.294, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:hidden&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:grid&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:grid&gt; element defines a control that displays table data.</p>
<p>Each column in the grid is specified by a &lt;form:column&gt; element. </p>
<p>The &lt;form:grid&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:grid&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:name 19.294, form:printable 19.299, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:grid&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23, &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:column&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:column&gt; element defines a column in a grid control.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:column&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:label 19.282, form:name 19.294 and form:text-style-name 19.312.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:column&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:value-range&gt; element defines a control which allows the user to select a value from a number range.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:value-range&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:value-range&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:delay-for-repeat 19.266, form:disabled 19.268, form:id 19.276, form:linked-cell 19.283, form:max-value 19.289, form:min-value 19.290, form:name 19.294, form:orientation 19.297, form:page-step-size 19.298, form:printable 19.299, form:repeat 19.302, form:step-size 19.308, form:tab-index 19.310, form:tab-stop 19.311, form:title 19.313, form:value 19.316, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:value-range&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;form:generic-control&gt; element defines an implementation-defined placeholder for a generic control. The generic control can contain any properties and any events.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:generic-control&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:generic-control&gt; element has the following attributes: form:control-implementation 19.258, form:id 19.276, form:name 19.294, xforms:bind 19.910 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:generic-control&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 and &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<h2>Event Listeners</h2>
<p>Forms and form controls may have event listeners attached. The event listeners that are attached to a control are represented by an event listener element as described in section 14.5. This element is contained within form or form control elements.</p>
<p>Section 19.433 contains guidelines for event names that may be used within forms and form controls. In addition to those, the events listed in Table 9 may be used in forms and form controls.</p>
<p>Table 9 - Form control event names</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Value of script:event-name Attribute</p></th><th><p>Applies To</p></th><th><p>Description of Event</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>form:approveaction</p></td><td><p>Button or image.</p></td><td><p>Occurs before an “on perform action” event takes place. Allows a user to veto an action.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:performaction</p></td><td><p>Button or image.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the control action is to be performed. The common interpretation of this event is “pressing the button”.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:textchange</p></td><td><p>All controls that allow text input.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a user changes the text in a control.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:itemstatechange</p></td><td><p>Check box or radio button.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the state of a check box or radio button changes.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:mousedrag</p></td><td><p>All controls.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a user presses and holds one of the mouse buttons and moves the mouse pointer onto a control.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:approvereset</p></td><td><p>same objects as for form:on-reset</p></td><td><p>Occurs before an “on-reset” event takes place. Allows a user to veto a reset event.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:approveupdate</p></td><td><p>All controls that can be bound to a database field, that is controls that contain the data-field attribute.</p></td><td><p>Occurs before an “on update” event takes place. Allows a user to veto an update.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:update</p></td><td><p>All controls that can be bound to a database field, that is controls that contain the data-field attribute.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the content of a control that is bound to a database field is committed.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:load</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form establishes a connection to the data source.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:startreload</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form is about to refresh a data source connection.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:reload</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form has refreshed a data source connection.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:startunload</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form is about to drop a data source connection.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:unload</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form has dropped a data source connection.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:confirmdelete</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a user is about to delete a record.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:approverowchange</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs before an “on row change” event takes place. Allows a user to veto a change.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:rowchange</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs after changes to a row are complete.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:approvecursormove</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs before a form is moved to another row. Allows a user to veto a move.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:cursormove</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs after a form is moved to another row.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:supplyparameter</p></td><td><p>Forms.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form asks for parameters to connect to a data source.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:error</p></td><td><p>Forms, combo boxes and list boxes.</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a database-related error occurs.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>form:adjust</p></td><td><p>Value Range</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the value of a Value Range element has been adjusted.</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>&lt;form:properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;form:properties&gt; element is a container for &lt;form:property&gt; and &lt;form:list-property&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:properties&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:list-property&gt; 13.9 and &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8.</p>
<h2>&lt;form:property&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;form:property&gt; element defines the name, type and value of a property.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:property&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:property&gt; element has the following attributes: form:property-name 19.300, office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388, office:value-type 19.389.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:property&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;form:list-property&gt; element container for &lt;form:list-value&gt; elements. </p>
<p>The &lt;form:list-property&gt; element has an office:value-type attribute (19.389) that acts as a constraint on the attributes that may appear on its child &lt;form:list-value&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:list-property&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:list-property&gt; element has the following attributes: form:property-name 19.300, office:value-type 19.389.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:list-property&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10.</p>
<h2>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</h2>
<p>The list value element contains value attributes for the value type given in the containing &lt;form:list-property&gt; element. </p>
<p>The &lt;form:list-value&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;form:list-property&gt; 13.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:list-value&gt; element has the following attributes: office:boolean-value 19.371, office:currency 19.373, office:date-value 19.374, office:string-value 19.383, office:time-value 19.386, office:value 19.388.</p>
<p>The &lt;form:list-value&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h1>Common Content</h1>
<h2>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:annotation&gt; element specifies an OpenDocument annotation. The annotation&#039;s text is contained in &lt;text:p&gt; and &lt;text:list&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:annotation&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:annotation&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:caption-point-x 19.116, draw:caption-point-y 19.117, draw:class-names 19.120, draw:corner-radius 19.127, draw:id 19.187, draw:layer 19.189, draw:name 19.197, draw:style-name 19.219, draw:text-style-name 19.227, draw:transform 19.228, draw:z-index 19.231, office:display 19.378, office:name 19.380, presentation:class-names 19.394, presentation:style-name 19.426, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577, svg:y 19.581, table:end-cell-address 19.631, table:end-x 19.636, table:end-y 19.637, table:table-background 19.733, text:anchor-page-number 19.758, text:anchor-type 19.759 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:annotation&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dc:creator&gt; 4.3.2.7, &lt;dc:date&gt; 4.3.2.10, &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; 14.4, &lt;meta:date-string&gt; 14.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element may be used to define the end of a text range of document content that spans element boundaries. In that case, an &lt;office:annotation&gt; element shall precede the &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element. Both elements shall have the same value for their office:name attribute.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element shall be preceded by an &lt;office:annotation&gt; element that has the same value for its office:name attribute as the &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element.</p>
<p>An &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element without a preceding &lt;office:annotation&gt; element that has the same name assigned is ignored.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:ruby-base&gt; 6.4.2 and &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element has the following attribute: office:name 19.380.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;meta:date-string&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;meta:date-string&gt; element contains a date that is of type string and not a date type. This value is used only for display as entered. </p>
<p>The &lt;meta:date-string&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:date-string&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:date-string&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:date-string&gt; element has content of data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; element represents the initials of the author of the annotation represented by the parent &lt;office:annotation&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h2>Event Listener Tables</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Controls, images, text boxes, or an entire document can support events. An event binds the occurrence of a condition to an action that is executed if the condition arises.</p>
<p>Events are represented as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>All of the event elements that are associated with an object are located in an &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; element.</p></li>
<li><p>Each event-to-action association is recorded in one child element.</p></li>
<li><p>Depending on the type of action that the event triggers, the following child elements are used:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2 element represents events that are bound to a macro or script.</p></li>
<li><p>The &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2 element represents events that are bound to an action that is specific to a presentation.</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h3>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;script:event-listener&gt; element binds an event to a macro.</p>
<p>The &lt;script:event-listener&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:event-listeners&gt; 10.3.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;script:event-listener&gt; element has the following attributes: script:event-name 19.433, script:language 19.434, script:macro-name 19.435, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;script:event-listener&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>Event Types</h3>
<p>Event types are implementation-defined. See 19.433.</p>
<h3>Macro Name and Location</h3>
<p>Macro code for an event may be specified by either an xlink:href 19.916 attribute as an IRI, or a script:macro-name 19.435 attribute by name. Macro names and applicable IRI schemes are script-language-dependent. </p>
<h2>&lt;math:math&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;math:math&gt; element serves as a container for content defined by the MathML 2.0 standard. See [MathML].</p>
<p>The &lt;math:math&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2.</p>
<h2>DDE Connections</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>A Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) connection consists of parameters for a DDE target application, a file name, and a command string. A DDE connection also takes a parameter that specifies whether it will be updated automatically or only on the user&#039;s request. Every DDE connection shall be named.</p>
<p>All elements making use of DDE connections shall contain their content (or its presentation), so that documents using DDE can still be properly displayed on machines which do not support the DDE mechanism, or where the DDE target is not available. Consumers should preserve the DDE connection information even if they cannot make use of it.</p>
<p>Note: DDE only is available on some operating systems. In order to create portable documents, authors are advised to use this feature in their documents with great care.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; element is a container element for &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; elements in text documents.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:chart&gt; 3.8, &lt;office:drawing&gt; 3.5, &lt;office:presentation&gt; 3.6, &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7, &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; element defines a DDE connection for use in DDE text fields. Multiple DDE fields can refer to one DDE connection by using the same name.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; element has the following attributes: office:automatic-update 19.370, office:dde-application 19.375, office:dde-item 19.376, office:dde-topic 19.377 and office:name 19.380.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:dde-link&gt; element contains DDE source data for use in spreadsheet formulas. It contains a &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element and a simple table element that may be used to cache the data of a DDE source. The table does not need a name and does not contain style information. Only the data contained in the cell attributes is used. The cells themselves remain empty.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dde-link&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:dde-links&gt; 9.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dde-link&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:dde-link&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element defines a DDE connection. </p>
<p>If the element is a child element of a &lt;table:table&gt; element, the &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element specifies that the table is linked through DDE along the connection data. </p>
<p>If the element is a child element of a &lt;text:section&gt; element, the &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element specifies that the text section is linked through DDE along the connection data. </p>
<p>If the element is a child element of a &lt;table:dde-link&gt; element, the &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element specifies the connection data for a DDE link that can be used in spreadsheet formulas. </p>
<p>The &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;table:dde-link&gt; 14.7.4, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 and &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element has the following attributes: office:automatic-update 19.370, office:conversion-mode 19.372, office:dde-application 19.375, office:dde-item 19.376, office:dde-topic 19.377 and office:name 19.380.</p>
<p>The &lt;office:dde-source&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h1>SMIL Animations</h1>
<h2>General</h2>
<p>This section specifies [SMIL20] based elements and attributes that can be used within the OpenDocument format for animation effects.</p>
<h2>Basic Animation Elements</h2>
<h3>General </h3>
<p>The animation elements are based upon §3.5 and §12.5 of [SMIL20], and section §19.2 of [SVG].</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</h3>
<p> See §3.5.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animate&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animate&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:formula 19.6, anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:attributeName 19.439, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:by 19.442, smil:calcMode 19.443, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:from 19.452, smil:keySplines 19.453, smil:keyTimes 19.454, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461, smil:to 19.462 and smil:values 19.464.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animate&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; element defines the transformation of an animation. It is based on the [SVG] &lt;svg:animateTransform&gt; element. See §19.2.14 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:formula 19.6, anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:attributeName 19.439, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:by 19.442, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:from 19.452, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461, smil:to 19.462, smil:values 19.464 and svg:type 19.565.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:set&gt;</h3>
<p>See §3.5.2 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:set&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:set&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:attributeName 19.439, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461 and smil:to 19.462.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:set&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</h3>
<p> See §19.2.12 of [SVG] and §3.5.3 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:formula 19.6, anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:attributeName 19.439, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:by 19.442, smil:calcMode 19.443, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:from 19.452, smil:keySplines 19.453, smil:keyTimes 19.454, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461, smil:to 19.462, smil:values 19.464, svg:origin 19.548 and svg:path 19.552.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</h3>
<p>See §3.5.4 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:color-interpolation 19.2, anim:color-interpolation-direction 19.3, anim:formula 19.6, anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:attributeName 19.439, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:by 19.442, smil:calcMode 19.443, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:from 19.452, smil:keySplines 19.453, smil:keyTimes 19.454, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461, smil:to 19.462 and smil:values 19.464.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; element is based on the [SMIL20] &lt;smil:transitionFilter&gt; element. See §12.5.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:formula 19.6, anim:sub-item 19.11, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:accumulate 19.437, smil:additive 19.438, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:by 19.442, smil:calcMode 19.443, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:direction 19.445, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fadeColor 19.449, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:from 19.452, smil:mode 19.455, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:subtype 19.460, smil:targetElement 19.461, smil:to 19.462, smil:type 19.463 and smil:values 19.464.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Animation Model Attributes</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The animation model uses the same concepts and syntax as specified in §3 of [SMIL20].</p>
<h3>Simple Animation Functions</h3>
<p>Simplified animations can be specified using the [SMIL20] smil:from, smil:to and smil:by attributes. See §3.4.4 of [SMIL20].</p>
<h2>Animation Timing</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Animation timing uses the same concepts and syntax as specified in §10 and §11 of [SMIL20].</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:par&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;anim:par&gt; element is a container of child animation nodes that have a common starting point.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:par&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:par&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:id 19.7, presentation:group-id 19.401, presentation:master-element 19.402, presentation:node-type 19.406, presentation:preset-class 19.414, presentation:preset-id 19.415, presentation:preset-sub-type 19.416, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:endsync 19.448, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:par&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;anim:seq&gt; element is a container for child animation nodes that start in a sequential fashion.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:seq&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:seq&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:id 19.7, presentation:group-id 19.401, presentation:master-element 19.402, presentation:node-type 19.406, presentation:preset-class 19.414, presentation:preset-id 19.415, presentation:preset-sub-type 19.416, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:endsync 19.448, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:seq&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element defines a parallel time container. The animation effects are applied to the child objects of the target element. The effects for each child object are started one after another, where the delay between the start of the effects of two subsequent children is specified by the anim:iterate-interval attribute. 19.8</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:id 19.7, anim:iterate-interval 19.8, anim:iterate-type 19.9, anim:sub-item 19.11, presentation:group-id 19.401, presentation:master-element 19.402, presentation:node-type 19.406, presentation:preset-class 19.414, presentation:preset-id 19.415, presentation:preset-sub-type 19.416, smil:accelerate 19.436, smil:autoReverse 19.440, smil:begin 19.441, smil:decelerate 19.444, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:endsync 19.448, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, smil:targetElement 19.461 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<h2>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;anim:audio&gt; element is based on the [SMIL20] &lt;smil:audio&gt; element. It specifies the playback of audio streams during an animation. See §7.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:audio&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:audio&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:audio-level 19.4, anim:id 19.7, presentation:group-id 19.401, presentation:master-element 19.402, presentation:node-type 19.406, presentation:preset-class 19.414, presentation:preset-id 19.415, presentation:preset-sub-type 19.416, smil:begin 19.441, smil:dur 19.446, smil:end 19.447, smil:fill 19.450, smil:fillDefault 19.451, smil:repeatCount 19.456, smil:repeatDur 19.457, smil:restart 19.458, smil:restartDefault 19.459, xlink:href 19.916 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:audio&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Animation Command Elements</h2>
<h3>&lt;anim:command&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;anim:command&gt; element specifies an animation command. </p>
<p>Note: See 19.5 for details about the element&#039;s usage in presentation documents.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:command&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:command&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:command 19.5, anim:id 19.7, anim:sub-item 19.11, presentation:group-id 19.401, presentation:master-element 19.402, presentation:node-type 19.406, presentation:preset-class 19.414, presentation:preset-id 19.415, presentation:preset-sub-type 19.416, smil:begin 19.441, smil:end 19.447, smil:targetElement 19.461 and xml:id 19.920.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:command&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;anim:param&gt; 15.6.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:param&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;anim:param&gt; element specifies a parameter for an &lt;anim:command&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:param&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:param&gt; element has the following attributes: anim:name 19.10 and anim:value 19.12.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:param&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h1>Styles</h1>
<h2>General</h2>
<p>Objects in an office document may have formatting properties. A formatting property influences the visual representation of an object.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument format, formatting properties are stored in styles. </p>
<p>There are two reasons for using styles to store formatting properties:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Format information is separated from document content.</p></li>
<li><p>Styles enable consistent formatting and changing of formatting for objects subject to styles. </p></li>
</ol>
<p>Styles and font face declarations are referenced by their style:name attribute. A referenced style or font face declaration should be defined in the same file as the reference, or in styles.xml. </p>
<h2>&lt;style:style&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:style&gt; element represents styles.</p>
<p>Styles defined by the &lt;style:style&gt; element use a hierarchical style model. The &lt;style:style&gt; element supports inheritance of formatting properties by a style from its parent style. A parent style is specified by the style:parent-style-name attribute on a &lt;style:style&gt; element. </p>
<p>The determination of the value of a formatting property begins with any style that is specified by an element. If the formatting property is present in that style, its value is used.</p>
<p>If that style does not specify a value for that formatting property and it has a parent style, the value of the formatting element is taken from the parent style, if present.</p>
<p>If the parent style does not have a value for the formatting property, the search for the formatting property value continues up parent styles until either the formatting property has been found or a style is found with no parent style.</p>
<p>If a search of the parent styles of a style does not result in a value for a formatting property, the determination of its value depends on the style family and the element to which a style is applied.</p>
<p>For styles with family text which are applied to elements which are contained in another element that specifies a style with family text, the search continues within the text style that is applied to the nearest ancestor element that specifies a style with family text, and continues in its parent styles. </p>
<p>For styles with family text which are applied to elements which are contained in a paragraph element 6.1.1, the search continues within the paragraph style that is applied to the paragraph element, and continues in its parent styles. </p>
<p>For styles with family paragraph which are applied to paragraph elements which are contained in a drawing shape or a chart element, the search continues within the graphic, presentation or chart style that is applied to the drawing object or chart element, and continues in its parent styles.</p>
<p>For styles with family paragraph which are applied to paragraph elements which are contained in a table cell, the search continues within the table-cell style that is applied to the table-cell, and continues in its parent styles. If a value for the formatting property has not been found, the search continues as defined for styles with family table-cell. </p>
<p>For styles with family table-cell which are applied to a table cell, the search continues with the style specified by the table:default-cell-style-name attribute 19.619 of the table cell&#039;s &lt;table:table-row&gt; parent element, if present, and then with the style specified by the table:default-cell-style-name attribute of the &lt;table:table-column&gt; element associated with the table cell. </p>
<p>In all other cases, or if a value for the formatting property has not been found by any of the family specific rules, a default style 16.4 that has the same family as the style initially declared sets the value. If a value has not been found by these steps, but this specification defines a default value, then this default value is used. In all remaining cases an implementation-dependent value is used.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:style&gt; element has the following attributes: style:auto-update 19.467, style:class 19.470, style:data-style-name 19.473, style:default-outline-level 19.474, style:display-name 19.476, style:family 19.480, style:list-level 19.499, style:list-style-name 19.500, style:master-page-name 19.501, style:name 19.502, style:next-style-name 19.503, style:parent-style-name 19.510 and style:percentage-data-style-name 19.511.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22, &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25, &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; 17.10, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11, &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18, &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15, &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17, &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:map&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:map&gt; element represents a condition, which if met, results in the mapping of a style. A style that contains one or more mappings is called a conditional style. Each condition is represented by a unique &lt;style:map&gt; element.</p>
<p>Conditional styles are supported by:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>paragraph styles contained in text documents</p></li>
<li><p>table cell styles contained in spreadsheets</p></li>
<li><p>data styles</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;style:map&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:map&gt; element has the following attributes: style:apply-style-name 19.466, style:base-cell-address 19.468 and style:condition 19.472.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:map&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:default-style&gt; element represents default styles. A default style specifies default formatting properties for a style family. These defaults are used if a formatting property is neither specified by an automatic nor a common style. Default styles exist for all style families that are represented by the &lt;style:style&gt; element specified by the style:family attribute 19.480.</p>
<p>An OpenDocument document should contain the default styles of the style families for which are used in common or automatic styles in the document.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:default-style&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:default-style&gt; element has the following attributes: style:family 19.480.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:default-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22, &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25, &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; 17.10, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11, &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18, &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15, &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17, &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout&gt; element represents the styles that specify the formatting properties of a page.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout&gt; element has the following attributes: style:name 19.502 and style:page-usage 19.509.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:footer-style&gt; 16.7, &lt;style:header-style&gt; 16.6 and &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:header-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:header-style&gt; element specifies the formatting properties for a header element.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; 16.8 and &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-style&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-style&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:footer-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-style&gt; element specifies the formatting properties for a footer element.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; 16.8 and &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-style&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-style&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; element specifies default formatting properties for page layouts. These defaults are used if a formatting property is not specified in a &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5 element. The &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:footer-style&gt; 16.7, &lt;style:header-style&gt; 16.6 and &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</h2>
<p>In text and spreadsheet documents, the &lt;style:master-page&gt; element contains the content of headers and footers. For these types of documents, consumers may generate a sequence of pages by making use of a single master page or a set of master pages.</p>
<p>In drawing and presentation documents, the &lt;style:master-page&gt; element is used to define master pages as common backgrounds for drawing pages. Each drawing page is directly linked to one master page, which is specified by the draw:master-page-name attribute of the &lt;draw:page&gt; element..</p>
<p>Master pages are contained in the &lt;office:master-styles&gt; element.</p>
<p>All documents shall contain at least one master page element.</p>
<p>If a text or spreadsheet document is displayed in a paged layout, master pages are used to generate a sequence of pages containing the document content. When a page is created, an empty page is generated with the properties of the master page and the static content of the master page. The body of the page is then filled with content. A single master page can be used to created multiple pages within a document.</p>
<p>In text and spreadsheet documents, a master page can be assigned to paragraph and table styles using a style:master-page-name attribute. Each time the paragraph or table style is applied to text, a page break is inserted before the paragraph or table. A page that starts at the page break position uses the specified master page.</p>
<p>Note: The OpenDocument paging methodology differs significantly from the methodology used in [XSL]. In XSL, headers and footers are contained within page sequences that also contain the document content. In the OpenDocument format, headers and footers are contained in page styles. With either approach, the content of headers and footers can be changed or omitted without affecting the document content.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:master-page&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:master-page&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:style-name 19.219, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502, style:next-style-name 19.503 and style:page-layout-name 19.508.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:master-page&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4, &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:layer-set&gt; 10.2.2, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:header&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:header&gt; element represents the content of a header in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element. </p>
<p>The &lt;style:header&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:header-first&gt; element represents the content of a header for a first page, if different from the left/right page in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<p>The term &quot;first page&quot; means the first page to which the page style is applied, regardless of any numbering. If a different page style is applied in between two applications of a page style that has the &lt;style:header-first&gt; element, each of the applications of the page style has its own first page.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-first&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-first&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-first&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:footer&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:footer&gt; element represents the content of a footer in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element. </p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-first&gt; element represents the content of a footer for a first page, if different from the left/right page in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<p>The term &quot;first page&quot; means the first page to which the page style is applied, regardless of any numbering. If a different page style is applied in between two applications of the page style, that has the &lt;style:footer-first&gt; element, each of the applications of the page style has its own first page.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-first&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-first&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-first&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:header-left&gt; element represents the content of a header for a left page, if different from the right page in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-left&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-left&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-left&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-left&gt; element represents the content of a footer for a left page, if different from the right page for a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-left&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-left&gt; element has the following attribute: style:display 19.475.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footer-left&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:region-center&gt; 16.17, &lt;style:region-left&gt; 16.16, &lt;style:region-right&gt; 16.18, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3, &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2, &lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt; 14.7.2, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:sequence-decls&gt; 7.4.11, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3, &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2, &lt;text:user-field-decls&gt; 7.4.7, &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7 and &lt;text:variable-decls&gt; 7.4.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:region-left&gt; element specifies a left-aligned portion of a header or footer. That region may contain a sequence of &lt;text:p&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:region-left&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:region-left&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:region-left&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:region-center&gt; element specifies a center-aligned portion of a header or footer. That region may contain a sequence of &lt;text:p&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:region-center&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:region-center&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:region-center&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:region-right&gt; element specifies a right-aligned portion of a header or footer. That region may contain a sequence of &lt;text:p&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:region-right&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:region-right&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:region-right&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;presentation:notes&gt; element defines a notes page. A notes page contains a preview of a drawing page and additional graphic shapes. </p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:notes&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:notes&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:style-name 19.219, presentation:use-date-time-name 19.428, presentation:use-footer-name 19.429, presentation:use-header-name 19.430 and style:page-layout-name 19.508.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:notes&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2.</p>
<h2>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</h2>
<p>A &lt;table:table-template&gt; element represents a set of references to table cell styles that specify the formatting to be used when creating a table.</p>
<p>If more than one table cell style reference is applicable to a cell, the first style that is applicable is chosen in the following order:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>First Column &lt;table:first-column&gt; 16.21.4</p></li>
<li><p>Last Column &lt;table:last-column&gt; 16.21.5</p></li>
<li><p>First Row &lt;table:first-row&gt; 16.21.2</p></li>
<li><p>Last Row &lt;table:last-row&gt; 16.21.3</p></li>
<li><p>Even rows &lt;table:even-rows&gt; 16.21.7, odd rows &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; 16.21.8 (Banded Rows)</p></li>
<li><p>Even columns &lt;table:even-columns&gt; 16.21.9, odd columns &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; 16.21.10 (Banded Columns)</p></li>
<li><p>Body &lt;table:body&gt; 16.21.6</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;table:table-template&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-template&gt; element has the following attributes: table:first-row-end-column 19.644, table:first-row-start-column 19.645, table:last-row-end-column 19.663, table:last-row-start-column 19.665 and table:name 19.677.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:table-template&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;table:background&gt; 16.22, &lt;table:body&gt; 16.21.6, &lt;table:even-columns&gt; 16.21.9, &lt;table:even-rows&gt; 16.21.7, &lt;table:first-column&gt; 16.21.4, &lt;table:first-row&gt; 16.21.2, &lt;table:last-column&gt; 16.21.5, &lt;table:last-row&gt; 16.21.3, &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; 16.21.10 and &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; 16.21.8.</p>
<h2>Cell Styles</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The cell styles applied in a table are based on the position of cells in a table. </p>
<h3>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:first-row&gt; element specifies a cell style that shall be applied to the first row of a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:first-row&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:first-row&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:first-row&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:last-row&gt; element specifies a cell style that shall be applied to the last row of a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:last-row&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:last-row&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:last-row&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:first-column&gt; element specifies a cell style that shall be applied to the first column in a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:first-column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:first-column&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:first-column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:last-column&gt; element specifies a cell style that shall be applied to the last column in a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:last-column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:last-column&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:last-column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:body&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:body&gt; element specifies styles for cells that are not governed by other specified styles.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:body&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:body&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:body&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:even-rows&gt; element specifies styles to be applied to even rows in a table. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:even-rows&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:even-rows&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:even-rows&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; element specifies styles to be applied to odd rows in a table. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:even-columns&gt; element specifies styles to be applied to even columns in a table.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:even-columns&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:even-columns&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:even-columns&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; element specifies styles to be applied to odd columns in a table. </p>
<p>The &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; element has the following attributes: table:paragraph-style-name 19.692 and table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;table:background&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;table:background&gt; element specifies a table style that provides a background to a table that is visible if all or part of the table is transparent.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:background&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:background&gt; element has the following attribute: table:style-name 19.730.</p>
<p>The &lt;table:background&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:font-face&gt; element represents a font face declaration which documents the properties of a font used in a document.</p>
<p>OpenDocument font face declarations directly correspond to the @font-face font description of [CSS2] (see §15.3.1) and the &lt;font-face&gt; element of [SVG] (see §20.8.3).</p>
<p>OpenDocument font face declarations may have an unique name. This name can be used inside styles (as an attribute of &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element) as value of the style:font-name attribute to select a font face declaration. If a font face declaration is referenced by name, the font-matching algorithms for selecting a font declaration based on the font-family, font-style, font-variant, font-weight and font-size descriptors are not used but the referenced font face declaration is used directly. (See §15.5 [CSS2])</p>
<p>Consumers should implement the CSS2 font-matching algorithm with the OpenDocument font face extensions. They may implement variations of the CSS2 font-matching algorithm. They may implement a font-matching based only on the font face declarations, that is, a font-matching that is not applied to every character independently but only once for each font face declaration. (See §15.5 [CSS2])</p>
<p>Font face declarations support the font descriptor attributes and elements described in §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The &lt;style:font-face&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:font-face-decls&gt; 3.14.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:font-face&gt; element has the following attributes: style:font-adornments 19.482, style:font-charset 19.483, style:font-family-generic 19.484, style:font-pitch 19.485, style:name 19.502, svg:accent-height 19.523, svg:alphabetic 19.524, svg:ascent 19.525, svg:bbox 19.526, svg:cap-height 19.527, svg:descent 19.531, svg:font-family 19.532, svg:font-size 19.533, svg:font-stretch 19.534, svg:font-style 19.535, svg:font-variant 19.536, svg:font-weight 19.537, svg:hanging 19.542, svg:ideographic 19.544, svg:mathematical 19.545, svg:overline-position 19.549, svg:overline-thickness 19.550, svg:panose-1 19.551, svg:slope 19.556, svg:stemh 19.558, svg:stemv 19.559, svg:strikethrough-position 19.562, svg:strikethrough-thickness 19.563, svg:underline-position 19.566, svg:underline-thickness 19.567, svg:unicode-range 19.568, svg:units-per-em 19.569, svg:v-alphabetic 19.570, svg:v-hanging 19.571, svg:v-ideographic 19.572, svg:v-mathematical 19.573, svg:widths 19.576 and svg:x-height 19.580.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:font-face&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27 and &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; 16.24.</p>
<h2>&lt;svg:font-face-src&gt;</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;svg:font-face-name&gt; 16.25 and &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26.</p>
<h2>&lt;svg:font-face-name&gt;</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-name&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; 16.24.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-name&gt; element has the following attribute: svg:name 19.546.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-name&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</h2>
<p>See § 20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-src&gt; 16.24.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; element has the following attributes: xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;svg:font-face-format&gt; 16.28.</p>
<h2>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</h2>
<p>See § 20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; element has the following attributes: xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;svg:font-face-format&gt;</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-format&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-format&gt; element has the following attribute: svg:string 19.564.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:font-face-format&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Data Styles</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>Data styles specify the styles to be applied to defined data types for display.</p>
<p>Data styles shall not specify two &lt;number:text&gt; elements in sequence as part of a data style.</p>
<p>Data styles shall specify at most one &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:number-style&gt; element is a container for elements that define a style for decimal numbers.</p>
<p>Note: Tab alignment should be supported in spreadsheets for interoperability (display) purposes.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:number-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:number-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:number-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7, &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3, &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:number&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:number&gt; element specifies the display formatting properties for a decimal number.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:number&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2 and &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:number&gt; element has the following attributes: number:decimal-places 19.343, number:decimal-replacement 19.344, number:display-factor 19.346, number:grouping 19.350, number:min-decimal-places 19.356 and number:min-integer-digits 19.355.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:number&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; 16.29.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:embedded-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; element specifies text that is displayed at one specific position within a number.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; element has the following attribute: number:position 19.358.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element specifies a Unicode character that is displayed repeatedly at the position where the element occurs. The character specified is repeated as many times as possible, but the total resulting string shall not exceed the given cell content area.</p>
<p>Fill characters may not fill all the available space in a cell. The distribution of the remaining space is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:fill-character&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; element specifies the display formatting properties for a number style that should be displayed in scientific format.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; element has the following attributes: number:decimal-places 19.343, number:exponent-interval 19.347, number:forced-exponent-sign 19.349, number:grouping 19.350, number:min-decimal-places 19.356, number:min-exponent-digits 19.354 and number:min-integer-digits 19.355.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:fraction&gt; element specifies the display formatting properties for a number style that should be displayed as a fraction.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:fraction&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:fraction&gt; element has the following attributes: number:denominator-value 19.345, number:grouping 19.350, number:max-denominator-value 19.352, number:min-denominator-digits 19.353, number:min-integer-digits 19.355 and number:min-numerator-digits 19.357.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:fraction&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:currency-style&gt; element specifies the style for currency values.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:currency-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:currency-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:automatic-order 19.340, number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:currency-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; 16.29.9, &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element specifies whether a currency symbol is displayed in a currency style.</p>
<p>The content of this element is the text that is displayed as the currency symbol. If the element is empty or contains white space characters only, the default currency symbol for the currency style or the language and country of the currency style is displayed.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360 and number:script 19.361.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; element specifies the style for percentage values.</p>
<p>A &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; element should have &lt;number:text&gt; child element whose character data contains a “%” (U+0025, PERCENT SIGN) character.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:date-style&gt; element specifies a style for date values.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:date-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:date-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:automatic-order 19.340, number:country 19.342, number:format-source 19.348, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:date-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:am-pm&gt; 16.29.23, &lt;number:day&gt; 16.29.12, &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; 16.29.16, &lt;number:era&gt; 16.29.15, &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:hours&gt; 16.29.20, &lt;number:minutes&gt; 16.29.21, &lt;number:month&gt; 16.29.13, &lt;number:quarter&gt; 16.29.18, &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; 16.29.17, &lt;number:year&gt; 16.29.14, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:day&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:day&gt; element specifies a day of a month in a date.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:day&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:day&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:day&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:month&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:month&gt; element specifies a month in a date.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:month&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:month&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341, number:possessive-form 19.359, number:style 19.362 and number:textual 19.363.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:month&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:year&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:year&gt; element specifies a year in a date.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:year&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:year&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:year&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:era&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:era&gt; element specifies an era in which a year is counted.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:era&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:era&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:era&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; element specifies a day of a week in a date.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:week-of-year&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; element specifies a week of a year in a date.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; element has the following attribute: number:calendar 19.341.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:quarter&gt; element specifies a quarter of a year in a date.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:quarter&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:quarter&gt; element has the following attributes: number:calendar 19.341 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:quarter&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:time-style&gt; element specifies a style for time values.</p>
<p>This element can contain <em>one</em> instance of any of the following elements: &lt;number:hours&gt;, &lt;number:minutes&gt;, &lt;number:seconds&gt; and &lt;number:am-pm&gt;.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:time-style&gt; element can also contain &lt;number:text&gt; elements, which display additional text. </p>
<p>The &lt;number:time-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:time-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:format-source 19.348, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, number:truncate-on-overflow 19.369, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:time-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:am-pm&gt; 16.29.23, &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:hours&gt; 16.29.20, &lt;number:minutes&gt; 16.29.21, &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:hours&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:hours&gt; element specifies whether hours are displayed as part of a date or time.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:hours&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:hours&gt; element has the following attribute: number:style 19.362.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:hours&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:minutes&gt; element specifies whether minutes are displayed as part of a date or time.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:minutes&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:minutes&gt; element has the following attribute: number:style 19.362.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:minutes&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:seconds&gt; element specifies whether seconds are displayed as part of a date or time.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:seconds&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:seconds&gt; element has the following attributes: number:decimal-places 19.343 and number:style 19.362.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:seconds&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:am-pm&gt; element specifies whether AM/PM is included as part of a date or time.</p>
<p>If a &lt;number:am-pm&gt; element is contained in a date or time style, hours are displayed using values from 1 to 12 only.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:am-pm&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:am-pm&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:am-pm&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; element defines a style for Boolean values.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:boolean&gt; 16.29.25, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:boolean&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:boolean&gt; element marks the position of the Boolean value of a Boolean style.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:boolean&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:boolean&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:boolean&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:text-style&gt; element defines a style for displaying text.</p>
<p>It can also contain &lt;number:text&gt; elements, which display additional text.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:text-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:text-style&gt; element has the following attributes: number:country 19.342, number:language 19.351, number:rfc-language-tag 19.360, number:script 19.361, number:title 19.364, number:transliteration-country 19.365, number:transliteration-format 19.366, number:transliteration-language 19.367, number:transliteration-style 19.368, style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and style:volatile 19.521.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:text-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5, &lt;number:text&gt; 16.29.27, &lt;number:text-content&gt; 16.29.28, &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:text&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:text&gt; element contains any fixed text for a data style.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:text&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:text&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:text&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:text&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:text-content&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;number:text-content&gt; element marks the position of variable text content of a text style.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:text-content&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:text-content&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;number:text-content&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for text.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19, &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4, &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2, &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:color 20.187, fo:country 20.188, fo:font-family 20.189, fo:font-size 20.190, fo:font-style 20.191, fo:font-variant 20.192, fo:font-weight 20.193, fo:hyphenate 20.195, fo:hyphenation-push-char-count 20.198, fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count 20.199, fo:language 20.202, fo:letter-spacing 20.203, fo:script 20.222, fo:text-shadow 20.226, fo:text-transform 20.227, style:country-asian 20.256, style:country-complex 20.257, style:font-charset 20.268, style:font-charset-asian 20.269, style:font-charset-complex 20.270, style:font-family-asian 20.271, style:font-family-complex 20.272, style:font-family-generic 20.273, style:font-family-generic-asian 20.274, style:font-family-generic-complex 20.275, style:font-name 20.277, style:font-name-asian 20.278, style:font-name-complex 20.279, style:font-pitch 20.280, style:font-pitch-asian 20.281, style:font-pitch-complex 20.282, style:font-relief 20.283, style:font-size-asian 20.284, style:font-size-complex 20.285, style:font-size-rel 20.286, style:font-size-rel-asian 20.287, style:font-size-rel-complex 20.288, style:font-style-asian 20.289, style:font-style-complex 20.290, style:font-style-name 20.291, style:font-style-name-asian 20.292, style:font-style-name-complex 20.293, style:font-weight-asian 20.294, style:font-weight-complex 20.295, style:language-asian 20.302, style:language-complex 20.303, style:letter-kerning 20.316, style:rfc-language-tag 20.343, style:rfc-language-tag-asian 20.344, style:rfc-language-tag-complex 20.345, style:script-asian 20.356, style:script-complex 20.357, style:script-type 20.358, style:text-blinking 20.366, style:text-combine 20.367, style:text-combine-end-char 20.369, style:text-combine-start-char 20.368, style:text-emphasize 20.370, style:text-line-through-color 20.371, style:text-line-through-mode 20.372, style:text-line-through-style 20.373, style:text-line-through-text 20.374, style:text-line-through-text-style 20.375, style:text-line-through-type 20.376, style:text-line-through-width 20.377, style:text-outline 20.378, style:text-overline-color 20.379, style:text-overline-mode 20.380, style:text-overline-style 20.381, style:text-overline-type 20.382, style:text-overline-width 20.383, style:text-position 20.384, style:text-rotation-angle 20.385, style:text-rotation-scale 20.386, style:text-scale 20.387, style:text-underline-color 20.388, style:text-underline-mode 20.389, style:text-underline-style 20.390, style:text-underline-type 20.391, style:text-underline-width 20.392, style:use-window-font-color 20.395, text:condition 20.426, text:display 20.427.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Text Content Style Families</h2>
<h3>Text Styles</h3>
<p>Text styles are represented by &lt;style:style&gt; elements whose style:family attribute has the value text. </p>
<h3>Paragraph Styles</h3>
<p>Paragraph styles are represented by &lt;style:style&gt; elements whose style:family attribute has the value paragraph. </p>
<p>In addition to paragraph properties, paragraph styles may define text properties. These are applied to the character content of the paragraph unless they are overwritten by a text style that is specified by any of the descendant elements of the paragraph element.</p>
<h3>Section Styles</h3>
<p>Section styles are represented by &lt;style:style&gt; elements whose style:family attribute has the value section. </p>
<h3>Ruby Styles</h3>
<p>Ruby styles are represented by &lt;style:style&gt; elements whose style:family attribute has the value ruby. </p>
<h2>Enhanced Text Styles</h2>
<h3>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; element specifies line numbering within the &lt;office:styles&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, text:count-empty-lines 19.788, text:count-in-text-boxes 19.789, text:increment 19.814, text:number-lines 19.845, text:number-position 19.846, text:offset 19.848, text:restart-on-page 19.864 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; 16.31.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; element contains the text that is displayed as a separator. A separator is text that is displayed instead of a line number for lines where no number is displayed.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; element has the following attribute: text:increment 19.814.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>A &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; element specifies values for each note class used in a document. If there is no note configuration element, an implementation-defined default note configuration is used.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2 and &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, style:num-prefix 19.506, style:num-suffix 19.507, text:citation-body-style-name 19.773, text:citation-style-name 19.774, text:default-style-name 19.800, text:footnotes-position 19.810, text:master-page-name 19.839, text:note-class 19.843, text:start-numbering-at 19.875 and text:start-value 19.874.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; 16.31.5 and &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; 16.31.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; elements specifies the text that is displayed at the end of a footnote that is continued on the next page</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; elements specifies the text that is displayed before continued text.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt; element has character data content.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; element specifies how bibliography entries are displayed in-line, and how they are displayed in a bibliography index.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:country 19.234, fo:language 19.236, fo:script 19.242, style:rfc-language-tag 19.516, text:numbered-entries 19.847, text:prefix 19.854, text:sort-algorithm 19.871, text:sort-by-position 19.873 and text:suffix 19.882.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:sort-key&gt; 16.31.7.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:sort-key&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;text:sort-key&gt; element specifies a single sort key if bibliography entries are not displayed in document order.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sort-key&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sort-key&gt; element has the following attributes: text:key 19.826 and text:sort-ascending 19.872.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:sort-key&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;text:list-style&gt; element contains a set of style elements for each list level, which are called <em>list level styles</em>. There are three different list level style elements, depending on whether a list level is to have a list label containing the list numbering, a bullet, or an image.</p>
<p>If a list style is applied to a list but does not contain a list level specification for a specific level, the list level style of the next lower level is used. If no specific list level style has been defined, an implementation-dependent default style is used.</p>
<p>Including a list style element in a graphic style has the same semantics as adding a style:list-style-name attribute ( 19.500) to the style that references a list style that is declared outside a graphic style. </p>
<p>Note: The inclusion of a list style element is needed in cases where a common graphic style should be associated with an automatic list style.</p>
<p>List styles contained in graphic styles can be referenced by other graphic styles using the style:list-style-name attribute. Their names are not displayed in the user interface, even if the graphic style that contains it is a common style.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-style&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3, &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-style&gt; element has the following attributes: style:display-name 19.476, style:name 19.502 and text:consecutive-numbering 19.784.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35 and &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</h2>
<p>A &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; element specifies a list style where list items are preceded by bullets.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-prefix 19.506, style:num-suffix 19.507, text:bullet-char 19.765, text:bullet-relative-size 19.766, text:level 19.834 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</h2>
<p>A &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; specifies a list style where list items are preceded by numbers.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, style:num-prefix 19.506, style:num-suffix 19.507, text:display-levels 19.803, text:level 19.834, text:start-value 19.874 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</h2>
<p>A &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; specifies a list style where list items are preceded by images. This element can be the target of a link [XLink] and can only be contained in list style elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; element has the following attributes: text:level 19.834, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;office:binary-data&gt; 10.4.5 and &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:outline-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;text:outline-style&gt; element contains the elements that specify a style for each outline level.</p>
<p>An outline style is a list style that is applied to all headings within a text document where the heading&#039;s paragraph style does not define a list style to use itself.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:outline-style&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:outline-style&gt; element has the following attribute: style:name 19.502.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:outline-style&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<h2>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element specifies a style for the specified level.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;text:outline-style&gt; 16.36.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element has the following attributes: style:num-format 19.504, style:num-letter-sync 19.505, style:num-prefix 19.506, style:num-suffix 19.507, text:display-levels 19.803, text:level 19.834, text:start-value 19.874 and text:style-name 19.880.</p>
<p>The &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h2>Table Styles</h2>
<h3>Table Styles</h3>
<p>Table styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family table. </p>
<h3>Table Column Styles</h3>
<p>Table column styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family table-column. </p>
<h3>Table Row Styles</h3>
<p>Table row styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family table-row. </p>
<h3>Table Cell Styles</h3>
<p>Table cell styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family table-cell.</p>
<p>In addition to table cell properties, table cell styles may define paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained in a table cell unless they are overwritten by paragraph styles that are specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<h2>Graphic Styles</h2>
<p>Graphic styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family graphic.</p>
<p>In addition to graphic properties, graphic styles may define paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained in drawing objects unless they are overwritten by paragraph styles that are specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<h2>Presentation Styles</h2>
<p>Presentation styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family presentation.</p>
<p>In addition to graphic properties, presentation styles may define paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained in drawing objects unless they are overwritten by paragraph styles that are specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<h2>Drawing Page Style</h2>
<p>A drawing page style is a &lt;style:style&gt; element with family drawing-page. </p>
<p>Drawing page styles can be used to change the background of a page. If a background is set with the help of a drawing page style, it overrides the background of the master page that is assigned to the page, but not the shapes that are on the master page.</p>
<p>Within presentation documents, the drawing page style may contain presentation formatting properties.</p>
<h2>Enhanced Graphic Style Elements</h2>
<h3>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element defines a gradient for filling a drawing object. </p>
<p>The &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:angle 19.112, draw:border 19.114, draw:cx 19.129, draw:cy 19.130, draw:display-name 19.133, draw:end-color 19.141, draw:end-intensity 19.143, draw:name 19.197, draw:start-color 19.214, draw:start-intensity 19.216 and draw:style 19.218.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; element as specified in §13.2 of [SVG] can be used in documents in OpenDocument format subject to the following rules:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The gradient shall have a name. It is specified by the draw:name attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>Only the svg:gradientTransform, svg:x1, svg:y1, svg:x2, svg:y2 and svg:spreadMethod attributes are evaluated.</p></li>
<li><p>The gradient shall be calculated as having a svg:gradientUnits attribute value of objectBoundingBox. </p></li>
<li><p>The only child element that is evaluated is &lt;svg:stop&gt;.</p></li>
<li><p>For &lt;svg:stop&gt;, only the svg:offset, svg:stop-color and svg:stop-opacity attributes are evaluated.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display-name 19.133, draw:name 19.197, svg:gradientTransform 19.540, svg:gradientUnits 19.541, svg:spreadMethod 19.557, svg:x1 19.578, svg:x2 19.579, svg:y1 19.582 and svg:y2 19.583.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;svg:stop&gt; 16.42.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; element as specified in §13.2 of [SVG] can be used in documents in OpenDocument format subject to the following rules:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The gradient shall have a name. It is specified by the draw:name attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>For &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;, only the svg:gradientTransform, svg:cx, svg:cy, svg:r, svg:fx, svg:fy and svg:spreadMethod attributes are evaluated.</p></li>
<li><p>The gradient shall be calculated as having a svg:gradientUnits attribute value of objectBoundingBox. </p></li>
<li><p>The only child element that is evaluated is &lt;svg:stop&gt;.</p></li>
<li><p>For &lt;svg:stop&gt;, only the svg:offset, svg:stop-color and svg:stop-opacity attributes are evaluated.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display-name 19.133, draw:name 19.197, svg:cx 19.528, svg:cy 19.529, svg:fx 19.538, svg:fy 19.539, svg:gradientTransform 19.540, svg:gradientUnits 19.541, svg:r 19.553 and svg:spreadMethod 19.557.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;svg:stop&gt; 16.42.4.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.2.4 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:stop&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 and &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:stop&gt; element has the following attributes: svg:offset 19.547, svg:stop-color 19.560 and svg:stop-opacity 19.561.</p>
<p>The &lt;svg:stop&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:hatch&gt; element defines a hatch for filling graphic objects. A hatch is a simple pattern of straight lines that is repeated in the fill area. </p>
<p>The &lt;draw:hatch&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:hatch&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:color 19.122, draw:display-name 19.133, draw:distance 19.134, draw:name 19.197, draw:rotation 19.209 and draw:style 19.218.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:hatch&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; element either specifies a link to a bitmap resource or contains an image in the &lt;office:binary-data&gt; child element. Producers shall not write the &lt;office:binary-data&gt; child element if the document is represented as a package. </p>
<p>Fill images are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display-name 19.133, draw:name 19.197, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:binary-data&gt; 10.4.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element specifies an opacity gradient for a graphic object. An opacity gradient interpolates opacity. Opacity gradients are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:angle 19.112, draw:border 19.114, draw:cx 19.129, draw:cy 19.130, draw:display-name 19.133, draw:end 19.139, draw:name 19.197, draw:start 19.212 and draw:style 19.218.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:marker&gt; element represents a marker, which is used to draw polygons at the start or end point of a stroke depending on whether it is referenced by a draw:marker-start 20.146 or draw:marker-end 20.143 attribute. </p>
<p>Marker geometry is defined by a svg:d attribute. </p>
<p>Note: The marker geometry can be imagined as an arrow whose vertex points upwards. </p>
<p>When the marker is painted, its geometry is first mapped to the stroke start or end point as follows: </p>
<p>If a marker is referenced by a draw:marker-start attribute, the marker geometry is scaled so that its width equals the width specified by draw:marker-start-width 20.148 attribute. If the marker is referenced by a draw:marker-end attribute, the marker geometry is scaled so that its width equals the width specified by draw:marker-end-width 20.145 attribute. The aspect ratio of the geometry is in both cases kept unchanged. </p>
<p>The geometry is horizontally centered. It is vertically positioned relative to an offset value which is specified by a draw:marker-start-center 20.147 attribute for markers referenced by a draw:marker-start attribute, and by the draw:marker-end-center 20.144 attribute for markers referenced by a draw:marker-end attribute. The attribute value true defines an offset of 0.5 and the attribute value false defines an offset of 0.3, which is also the default value. The offset specifies the marker&#039;s vertical position in a range from 0.0 to 1.0, where the value 0.0 means the geometry&#039;s bottom bound is aligned to the x=axis of the local coordinate system of the marker geometry, and where the value 1.0 means the top bound to be aligned to the X axis of the local coordinate system of the marker geometry. </p>
<p>If a marker is referenced by a draw:marker-start attribute, the marker geometry is then rotated so that the y-axis is aligned with the direction of the stroke in the start/end point direction. It is painted to the stroke so that the origin of the coordinate system of the mapped marker geometry is positioned at the start point&#039;s position.</p>
<p>If the marker is referenced by a draw:marker-end attribute, the marker geometry is then rotated so that the x-axis is aligned with the direction of the stroke in the end/start point direction. It is painted to the stroke so that the origin of the coordinate system of the mapped marker geometry is positioned at the end point&#039;s position.</p>
<p>Markers are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:marker&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:marker&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display-name 19.133, draw:name 19.197, svg:d 19.530 and svg:viewBox 19.574.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:marker&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<p>The &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element represents a dash style that can be used to render strokes of shapes. Dash styles are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:display-name 19.133, draw:distance 19.134, draw:dots1 19.135, draw:dots1-length 19.136, draw:dots2 19.137, draw:dots2-length 19.138, draw:name 19.197 and draw:style 19.218.</p>
<p>The &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; element is a container for &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; elements. These placeholders are used as templates for creating new presentation objects and to mark the size and position of an object if the presentation page layout of a drawing page is changed.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; element has the following attributes: style:display-name 19.476 and style:name 19.502.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<h2>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; element specifies a placeholder for presentation objects.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; 16.43.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; element has the following attributes: presentation:object 19.407, svg:height 19.543, svg:width 19.575, svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581.</p>
<p>The &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>Chart Styles</h2>
<p>Chart styles are &lt;style:style&gt; elements that have the family chart.</p>
<p>There are two style inheritance models at work with chart styles. The first model, is standard style inheritance as described in &lt;style:style&gt;. 16.2 The second model is inheritance between elements representing parts of a chart.</p>
<p>If an attribute is not specified with a chart style on a &lt;chart:data-point&gt; element, the specification of that attribute on its parent &lt;chart:series&gt; element is used. If the attribute is not specified on the parent &lt;chart:series&gt; element, then the specification of that attribute on its ancestor &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element is used. </p>
<p>Chart styles may define paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained in chart elements unless they are over-ridden by paragraph styles that are specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<h1>Formatting Properties Elements</h1>
<h2>General</h2>
<p>The elements described in this chapter, which are child elements of style elements defined in chapter 16, together with their attributes, define formatting properties.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; element acts as a container for attributes and elements that define a page layout.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; 16.8 and &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:border 20.183.2, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4, fo:border-right 20.183.5, fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:margin 20.205, fo:margin-bottom 20.206, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, fo:margin-top 20.209, fo:padding 20.217, fo:padding-bottom 20.218, fo:padding-left 20.219, fo:padding-right 20.220, fo:padding-top 20.221, fo:page-height 20.215, fo:page-width 20.216, style:border-line-width 20.248, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250, style:border-line-width-right 20.251, style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:first-page-number 20.266, style:footnote-max-height 20.296, style:layout-grid-base-height 20.304, style:layout-grid-base-width 20.305, style:layout-grid-color 20.306, style:layout-grid-display 20.307, style:layout-grid-lines 20.308, style:layout-grid-mode 20.309, style:layout-grid-print 20.310, style:layout-grid-ruby-below 20.311, style:layout-grid-ruby-height 20.312, style:layout-grid-snap-to 20.313, style:layout-grid-standard-mode 20.314, style:num-format 20.322, style:num-letter-sync 20.323, style:num-prefix 20.324, style:num-suffix 20.325, style:paper-tray-name 20.329, style:print 20.330, style:print-orientation 20.333, style:print-page-order 20.332, style:register-truth-ref-style-name 20.337, style:scale-to 20.352, style:scale-to-X 20.354, style:scale-to-Y 20.355, style:scale-to-pages 20.353, style:shadow 20.359, style:table-centering 20.363 and style:writing-mode 20.404.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12 and &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:background-image&gt; element specifies an image as a background.</p>
<p>If the &lt;style:background-image&gt; element is empty and if there is no color specified by an fo:background-color element in the same formatting properties element, the background color is set to transparent.</p>
<p>Note: The fo:background-color property also sets a background attribute.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:background-image&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11, &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15 and &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:background-image&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:opacity 19.202, style:filter-name 19.481, style:position 19.512, style:repeat 19.515, xlink:actuate 19.915, xlink:href 19.916, xlink:show 19.917 and xlink:type 19.919.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:background-image&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;office:binary-data&gt; 10.4.5.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; element specifies the line that separates a footnote area from a body-text area on a page.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; element has the following attributes: style:adjustment 19.465, style:color 19.471, style:distance-after-sep 19.479, style:distance-before-sep 19.478, style:line-style 19.497, style:rel-width 19.514 and style:width 19.522.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for both headers and footers.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:footer-style&gt; 16.7 and &lt;style:header-style&gt; 16.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:border 20.183.2, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4, fo:border-right 20.183.5, fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:margin 20.205, fo:margin-bottom 20.206, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, fo:margin-top 20.209, fo:min-height 20.212, fo:padding 20.217, fo:padding-bottom 20.218, fo:padding-left 20.219, fo:padding-right 20.220, fo:padding-top 20.221, style:border-line-width 20.248, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250, style:border-line-width-right 20.251, style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:dynamic-spacing 20.264, style:shadow 20.359 and svg:height 20.407.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for paragraphs.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:border 20.183.2, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4, fo:border-right 20.183.5, fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:break-after 20.184, fo:break-before 20.185, fo:hyphenation-keep 20.196, fo:hyphenation-ladder-count 20.197, fo:keep-together 20.200, fo:keep-with-next 20.201, fo:line-height 20.204, fo:margin 20.205, fo:margin-bottom 20.206, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, fo:margin-top 20.209, fo:orphans 20.214, fo:padding 20.217, fo:padding-bottom 20.218, fo:padding-left 20.219, fo:padding-right 20.220, fo:padding-top 20.221, fo:text-align 20.223, fo:text-align-last 20.224, fo:text-indent 20.225, fo:widows 20.228, style:auto-text-indent 20.246, style:background-transparency 20.247, style:border-line-width 20.248, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250, style:border-line-width-right 20.251, style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:contextual-spacing 20.255, style:font-independent-line-spacing 20.276, style:join-border 20.300, style:justify-single-word 20.301, style:line-break 20.315, style:line-height-at-least 20.317, style:line-spacing 20.318, style:page-number 20.328, style:punctuation-wrap 20.335, style:register-true 20.336, style:shadow 20.359, style:snap-to-layout-grid 20.361, style:tab-stop-distance 20.362, style:text-autospace 20.365, style:vertical-align 20.396, style:writing-mode 20.404, style:writing-mode-automatic 20.405, text:line-number 20.430 and text:number-lines 20.434.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; 17.9 and &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; 17.7.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element is a container for &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; elements.</p>
<p>If a style contains a &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element, it overrides the entire &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element of the parent style such that no &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; children are inherited; otherwise, the style inherits the entire &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element as specified in section 16.2 &lt;style:style&gt;.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; element defines a tab stop.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:tab-stops&gt; 17.7.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; element has the following attributes: style:char 19.469, style:leader-color 19.488, style:leader-style 19.489, style:leader-text 19.490, style:leader-text-style 19.491, style:leader-type 19.492, style:leader-width 19.493, style:position 19.512, style:type 19.519.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; element specifies if the one or more characters at the start of a paragraph are to be displayed in a larger font and span multiple lines of text. </p>
<p>The &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; element has the following attributes: style:distance 19.477, style:length 19.496, style:lines 19.498 and style:style-name 19.518.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for ruby elements.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: style:ruby-align 20.349 and style:ruby-position 20.350.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:section-properties&gt; element specifies the formatting properties used by section styles.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:section-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:section-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, style:editable 20.265, style:protect 20.334, style:writing-mode 20.404 and text:dont-balance-text-columns 20.428.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:section-properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12 and &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:columns&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:columns&gt; element specifies the number and formatting of columns on a page or in a section or graphic. If it does not contain any child formatting properties elements, all columns are assigned the same width.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:columns&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2 and &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:columns&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:column-count 19.232 and fo:column-gap 19.233.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:columns&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13 and &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:column&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:column&gt; element specifies formatting properties for a column.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:column&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:column&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:end-indent 19.235, fo:space-after 19.243, fo:space-before 19.244, fo:start-indent 19.245 and style:rel-width 19.514.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:column&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:column-sep&gt; element specifies a separator line between columns. </p>
<p>The &lt;style:column-sep&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:column-sep&gt; element has the following attributes: style:color 19.471, style:height 19.486, style:style 19.517, style:vertical-align 19.520 and style:width 19.522.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:column-sep&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:table-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for tables. </p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:break-after 20.184, fo:break-before 20.185, fo:keep-with-next 20.201, fo:margin 20.205, fo:margin-bottom 20.206, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, fo:margin-top 20.209, style:may-break-between-rows 20.319, style:page-number 20.328, style:rel-width 20.340, style:shadow 20.359, style:width 20.399, style:writing-mode 20.404, table:align 20.414, table:border-model 20.415, table:display 20.416 and table:tab-color 19.731.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for table columns.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:break-after 20.184, fo:break-before 20.185, style:column-width 20.254, style:rel-column-width 20.338 and style:use-optimal-column-width 20.393.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for table rows.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:break-after 20.184, fo:break-before 20.185, fo:keep-together 20.200, style:min-row-height 20.320, style:row-height 20.348 and style:use-optimal-row-height 20.394.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for cells.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:background-color 20.182, fo:border 20.183.2, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4, fo:border-right 20.183.5, fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:padding 20.217, fo:padding-bottom 20.218, fo:padding-left 20.219, fo:padding-right 20.220, fo:padding-top 20.221, fo:wrap-option 20.230, style:border-line-width 20.248, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250, style:border-line-width-right 20.251, style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:cell-protect 20.253, style:decimal-places 20.258, style:diagonal-bl-tr 20.259, style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths 20.260, style:diagonal-tl-br 20.261, style:diagonal-tl-br-widths 20.262, style:direction 20.263, style:glyph-orientation-vertical 20.297, style:print-content 20.331, style:repeat-content 20.342, style:rotation-align 20.346, style:rotation-angle 20.347, style:shadow 20.359, style:shrink-to-fit 20.360, style:text-align-source 20.364, style:vertical-align 20.396 and style:writing-mode 20.404.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for a list level.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:height 20.194, fo:text-align 20.223, fo:width 20.229, style:font-name 20.277, style:vertical-pos 20.397, style:vertical-rel 20.398, svg:y 20.412, text:list-level-position-and-space-mode 20.431, text:min-label-distance 20.432, text:min-label-width 20.433 and text:space-before 20.435.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; element specifies the position and spacing of a list label and its list item.</p>
<p>The element will be evaluated only if the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute has the value label-alignment. </p>
<p>The fo:text-indent and fo:margin-left attributes specify the indent and margin for the text lines of a list item. The text lines of a list item contain the list level properties specific content and the text of the paragraph inside the list item. The value fo:text-indent + fo:margin-left specifies the indent of the first text line of the list item. This position is also the alignment position for the list label, because the value of text:min-label-width is treated as 0. 19.246, 20.431</p>
<p>The fo:text-indent and fo:margin-left attributes are evaluated only for paragraphs inside list items whose paragraph styles do not specify them. If one of the two properties, or both, are specified by the paragraph style, the text indent and/or left margin are taken from the paragraph style. In this case the paragraph style&#039;s properties are used to determine the indent and margin for the text lines and thus also the alignment position.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; element has the following attributes: fo:margin-left 19.237, fo:text-indent 19.246, text:label-followed-by 19.833 and text:list-tab-stop-position 19.836.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for chart, draw, graphic, and frame elements. </p>
<p>The &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: dr3d:ambient-color 20.74, dr3d:back-scale 20.75, dr3d:backface-culling 20.76, dr3d:close-back 20.77, dr3d:close-front 20.78, dr3d:depth 20.79, dr3d:diffuse-color 20.80, dr3d:edge-rounding 20.81, dr3d:edge-rounding-mode 20.82, dr3d:emissive-color 20.83, dr3d:end-angle 20.84, dr3d:horizontal-segments 20.85, dr3d:lighting-mode 20.86, dr3d:normals-direction 20.87, dr3d:normals-kind 20.88, dr3d:shadow 20.89, dr3d:shininess 20.90, dr3d:specular-color 20.91, dr3d:texture-filter 20.92, dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x 20.95, dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y 20.96, dr3d:texture-kind 20.93, dr3d:texture-mode 20.94, dr3d:vertical-segments 20.97, draw:auto-grow-height 20.98, draw:auto-grow-width 20.99, draw:blue 20.101, draw:caption-angle 20.102, draw:caption-angle-type 20.103, draw:caption-escape 20.104, draw:caption-escape-direction 20.105, draw:caption-fit-line-length 20.106, draw:caption-gap 20.107, draw:caption-line-length 20.108, draw:caption-type 20.109, draw:color-inversion 20.110, draw:color-mode 20.111, draw:contrast 20.112, draw:decimal-places 20.113, draw:draw-aspect 20.114, draw:end-guide 20.115, draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal 20.116, draw:end-line-spacing-vertical 20.117, draw:fill 20.118, draw:fill-color 20.119, draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120, draw:fill-hatch-name 20.121, draw:fill-hatch-solid 20.122, draw:fill-image-height 20.123, draw:fill-image-name 20.124, draw:fill-image-ref-point 20.125, draw:fill-image-ref-point-x 20.126, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y 20.127, draw:fill-image-width 20.128, draw:fit-to-contour 20.129, draw:fit-to-size 20.130, draw:frame-display-border 20.131, draw:frame-display-scrollbar 20.133, draw:frame-margin-horizontal 20.132, draw:frame-margin-vertical 20.134, draw:gamma 20.135, draw:gradient-step-count 20.137, draw:green 20.136, draw:guide-distance 20.138, draw:guide-overhang 20.139, draw:image-opacity 20.140, draw:line-distance 20.141, draw:luminance 20.142, draw:marker-end 20.143, draw:marker-end-center 20.144, draw:marker-end-width 20.145, draw:marker-start 20.146, draw:marker-start-center 20.147, draw:marker-start-width 20.148, draw:measure-align 20.149, draw:measure-vertical-align 20.150, draw:ole-draw-aspect 20.151, draw:opacity 20.152, draw:opacity-name 20.153, draw:parallel 20.154, draw:placing 20.155, draw:red 20.156, draw:secondary-fill-color 20.157, draw:shadow 20.158, draw:shadow-color 20.159, draw:shadow-offset-x 20.160, draw:shadow-offset-y 20.161, draw:shadow-opacity 20.162, draw:show-unit 20.163, draw:start-guide 20.164, draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal 20.165, draw:start-line-spacing-vertical 20.166, draw:stroke 20.167, draw:stroke-dash 20.168, draw:stroke-dash-names 20.169, draw:stroke-linejoin 20.170, draw:symbol-color 20.172, draw:textarea-horizontal-align 20.173, draw:textarea-vertical-align 20.174, draw:tile-repeat-offset 20.175, draw:unit 20.180, draw:visible-area-height 20.176, draw:visible-area-left 20.177, draw:visible-area-top 20.178, draw:visible-area-width 20.179, draw:wrap-influence-on-position 20.181, fo:background-color 20.182, fo:border 20.183.2, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4, fo:border-right 20.183.5, fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:clip 20.186, fo:margin 20.205, fo:margin-bottom 20.206, fo:margin-left 20.207, fo:margin-right 20.208, fo:margin-top 20.209, fo:max-height 20.210, fo:max-width 20.211, fo:min-height 20.212, fo:min-width 20.213, fo:padding 20.217, fo:padding-bottom 20.218, fo:padding-left 20.219, fo:padding-right 20.220, fo:padding-top 20.221, fo:wrap-option 20.230, style:background-transparency 20.247, style:border-line-width 20.248, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250, style:border-line-width-right 20.251, style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:editable 20.265, style:flow-with-text 20.267, style:horizontal-pos 20.298, style:horizontal-rel 20.299, style:mirror 20.321, style:number-wrapped-paragraphs 20.326, style:overflow-behavior 20.327, style:print-content 20.331, style:protect 20.334, style:rel-height 20.339, style:rel-width 20.340, style:repeat 20.341, style:run-through 20.351, style:shadow 20.359, style:shrink-to-fit 20.360, style:vertical-pos 20.397, style:vertical-rel 20.398, style:wrap 20.400, style:wrap-contour 20.401, style:wrap-contour-mode 20.402, style:wrap-dynamic-threshold 20.403, style:writing-mode 20.404, svg:fill-rule 20.406, svg:height 20.407, svg:stroke-color 20.408, svg:stroke-linecap 20.171, svg:stroke-opacity 20.409, svg:stroke-width 20.410, svg:width 20.413, svg:x 20.411, svg:y 20.412, text:anchor-page-number 20.417, text:anchor-type 20.418, text:animation 20.419, text:animation-delay 20.420, text:animation-direction 20.421, text:animation-repeat 20.422, text:animation-start-inside 20.423, text:animation-steps 20.424 and text:animation-stop-inside 20.425.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12 and &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; element specifies formatting properties for charts.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: chart:angle-offset 20.2, chart:auto-position 20.3, chart:auto-size 20.4, chart:axis-label-position 20.5, chart:axis-position 20.6, chart:connect-bars 20.7, chart:data-label-number 20.8, chart:data-label-series 20.9, chart:data-label-symbol 20.10, chart:data-label-text 20.11, chart:deep 20.12, chart:display-label 20.13, chart:error-category 20.14, chart:error-lower-indicator 20.15, chart:error-lower-limit 20.16, chart:error-lower-range 20.17, chart:error-margin 20.18, chart:error-percentage 20.19, chart:error-upper-indicator 20.20, chart:error-upper-limit 20.21, chart:error-upper-range 20.22, chart:gap-width 20.23, chart:group-bars-per-axis 20.24, chart:hole-size 20.25, chart:include-hidden-cells 20.26, chart:interpolation 20.27, chart:interval-major 20.28, chart:interval-minor-divisor 20.29, chart:japanese-candle-stick 20.30, chart:label-arrangement 20.31, chart:label-position 20.32, chart:label-position-negative 20.33, chart:lines 20.34, chart:link-data-style-to-source 20.35, chart:logarithmic 20.36, chart:maximum 20.37, chart:mean-value 20.38, chart:minimum 20.39, chart:origin 20.40, chart:overlap 20.41, chart:percentage 20.43, chart:pie-offset 20.42, chart:regression-force-intercept 20.44, chart:regression-intercept-value 20.45, chart:regression-max-degree 20.46, chart:regression-moving-type 20.47, chart:regression-name 20.48, chart:regression-period 20.49, chart:regression-type 20.50, chart:reverse-direction 20.51, chart:right-angled-axes 20.52, chart:scale-text 20.53, chart:series-source 20.54, chart:solid-type 20.56, chart:sort-by-x-values 20.55, chart:spline-order 20.57, chart:spline-resolution 20.58, chart:stacked 20.59, chart:symbol-height 20.60, chart:symbol-name 20.61, chart:symbol-type 20.62, chart:symbol-width 20.63, chart:text-overlap 20.64, chart:three-dimensional 20.65, chart:tick-mark-position 20.70, chart:tick-marks-major-inner 20.66, chart:tick-marks-major-outer 20.67, chart:tick-marks-minor-inner 20.68, chart:tick-marks-minor-outer 20.69, chart:treat-empty-cells 20.71, chart:vertical 20.72, chart:visible 20.73, style:direction 20.263, style:rotation-angle 20.347 and text:line-break 20.429.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; element has the following child elements: &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; 17.24 and &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; 17.23.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; element specifies an image to be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<p>This element should be used only together with a chart:symbol-type attribute and only when that attribute has the value image.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; element has the following attribute: xlink:href 19.916.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; element has no child elements.</p>
<h2>&lt;chart:label-separator&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; element specifies text that is used for separating different parts of a textual data label. These parts can be the value as number, the value as a percentage (20.8), and the label text (20.11).</p>
<p>If the &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; element is omitted, the default value is a space character “ “ (U+0020, SPACE).</p>
<p>This element should be used within chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:data-label&gt;, &lt;chart:data-point&gt;, &lt;chart:series&gt; or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; elements.</p>
<p>If a separator is not specified by this element in a chart style applied to a &lt;chart:data-label&gt; element, the separator specified with a chart style applied to a parent element is used.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; element is usable within the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The &lt;chart:label-separator&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<h2>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; element specifies formatting that can be applied to a &lt;draw:page&gt; element, a &lt;presentation:notes&gt; element, a &lt;style:handout-master&gt; element, or a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; element is usable within the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; element has the following attributes: draw:background-size 20.100, draw:fill 20.118, draw:fill-color 20.119, draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120, draw:fill-hatch-name 20.121, draw:fill-hatch-solid 20.122, draw:fill-image-height 20.123, draw:fill-image-name 20.124, draw:fill-image-ref-point 20.125, draw:fill-image-ref-point-x 20.126, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y 20.127, draw:fill-image-width 20.128, draw:gradient-step-count 20.137, draw:opacity 20.152, draw:opacity-name 20.153, draw:secondary-fill-color 20.157, draw:tile-repeat-offset 20.175, presentation:background-objects-visible 20.231, presentation:background-visible 20.232, presentation:display-date-time 20.233, presentation:display-footer 20.234, presentation:display-header 20.235, presentation:display-page-number 20.236, presentation:duration 20.237, presentation:transition-speed 20.238, presentation:transition-style 20.239, presentation:transition-type 20.240, presentation:visibility 20.241, smil:direction 20.242, smil:fadeColor 20.243, smil:subtype 20.244, smil:type 20.245, style:repeat 20.341 and svg:fill-rule 20.406.</p>
<p>The &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; element has the following child element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<h1>Datatypes</h1>
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<p>The values of attributes and elements have datatypes. This specification defines datatypes for values of elements and attributes of OpenDocument documents. </p>
<p>Note: This specification and the schema make reference to other specifications for some datatype definitions. Some datatypes introduced here may be specializations of other datatypes defined here or in other specifications. </p>
<h2>W3C Schema Datatypes</h2>
<p>The following [XMLSchema-2] datatypes are used in this specification:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>string</p></li>
<li><p>date</p></li>
<li><p>time</p></li>
<li><p>dateTime</p></li>
<li><p>decimal</p></li>
<li><p>duration</p></li>
<li><p>int </p></li>
<li><p>integer</p></li>
<li><p>nonNegativeInteger</p></li>
<li><p>positiveInteger</p></li>
<li><p>double</p></li>
<li><p>long</p></li>
<li><p>short</p></li>
<li><p>base64Binary</p></li>
<li><p>ID</p></li>
<li><p>IDREF</p></li>
<li><p>IDREFS</p></li>
<li><p>NCName</p></li>
</ul>
<h2>Other Datatypes</h2>
<h3>angle</h3>
<p>An angle, as defined in §4.1 of [SVG], is a double value that may be followed immediately by one of the following angle unit identifiers: deg (degrees), grad (gradiants) or rad (radians). If no unit identifier is specified, the value is assumed to be in degrees.</p>
<p>Note: OpenDocument v1.1 did not support angle specifications that contain an angle unit identifier.  Angle unit identifiers should be omitted for compatibility with OpenDocument v1.1.</p>
<h3>anyIRI </h3>
<p>An IRI-reference as defined in [RFC3987], expressed in an [XMLSchema-2] anyURI. </p>
<p>Note: The procedure for resolution of anyIRI values that are not IRI values is undefined.</p>
<h3>boolean</h3>
<p>A Boolean value may have either of the values true or false.</p>
<h3>cellAddress</h3>
<p>A cell address as specified in 9.2.1.</p>
<h3>cellRangeAddress</h3>
<p>A cell range address as specified in 9.2.3.</p>
<h3>cellRangeAddressList</h3>
<p>A cell range address list as specified in 9.2.5.</p>
<h3>character</h3>
<p>A character value is a string with only one character.</p>
<h3>clipShape</h3>
<p>A clip shape as defined in §7.20.1 of [XSL]. Offsets shall not be specified using the units em and px. </p>
<h3>color</h3>
<p>A RGB color in conformance with §5.9.11 of [XSL], that is a RGB color in notation “#rrggbb”, where rr, gg and bb are pairs of hexadecimal digits.</p>
<h3>coordinate</h3>
<p>A coordinate represents a length in a coordinate system. It specifies the distance from the origin of the coordinate system along the relevant axis.</p>
<h3>countryCode</h3>
<p>A country code is a value that conforms to ISO 3166 ([ISO3166-1], [ISO3166-2], [ISO3166-3], or their successors, and further parts). </p>
<p>See §2.2.4 Region Subtag of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<h3>CURIE</h3>
<p>A CURIE, as described in §7 of [RDFa].</p>
<h3>CURIEs</h3>
<p>A list of CURIEs, as described in §7 of [RDFa], separated by white spaces.</p>
<h3>dateOrDateTime</h3>
<p>A dateOrDateTime value is either an [XMLSchema-2] date value or an [XMLSchema-2] dateTime value.</p>
<h3>distance</h3>
<p>The length between two points.</p>
<h3>language</h3>
<p>A language is a natural language identifier as defined by [RFC5646], or its successor. The lexical space is the same as the [XMLSchema-2] language data type.</p>
<p>Note 1: The language datatype is the same as the [XMLSchema-2] language datatype, except that its value range is not restricted to values of [RFC3066], but follows the syntax of the xml:lang attribute. See §2.12 of [XML1.0].</p>
<h3>languageCode</h3>
<p>A language code is a value that conforms to ISO 639 ([ISO639-1], [ISO639-2], [ISO639-3] or their successors, and further parts). </p>
<p>See §2.2.1 Primary Language Subtag of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<h3>length</h3>
<p>A (positive or negative) length, consisting of magnitude and unit, in conformance with the Units of Measure defined in §5.9.13 of [XSL]. </p>
<h3>namespacedToken</h3>
<p>A namespaced token is an [XMLSchema-2] QName that matches the definition of PrefixedName in §4 of [XML-Names].</p>
<h3>nonNegativeLength</h3>
<p>A measurement with a value that shall be zero or positive.</p>
<h3>nonNegativePixelLength</h3>
<p>A non-negative measurement that shall have the unit px (pixels).</p>
<h3>pathData</h3>
<p>Path data as described in §8.3 of [SVG]. Attribute values of this data type shall match the BNF grammar for SVG path data in §8.3.9 of [SVG].</p>
<h3>percent</h3>
<p>(Positive or negative) percentage values in conformance with §5.9.11 of [XSL].</p>
<h3>point3D</h3>
<p>A 3D point. The syntax of a 3D point is the same as that for vector3D (18.3.40), except that each coordinate is shall be followed by a unit.</p>
<h3>points</h3>
<p>A sequence of points. Each point consists of two integer coordinates separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). The points are separated by white space.</p>
<h3>positiveLength</h3>
<p>A measurement with a value that shall be positive.</p>
<h3>relativeLength</h3>
<p>A relative length is a positive integer, followed by a ”*” (U+002A, ASTERISK) character.</p>
<h3>safeCURIE</h3>
<p>A safe CURIE, as described in §7 of [RDFa].</p>
<h3>scriptCode</h3>
<p>A script code conforming to [ISO15924], or its successors. See §2.2.3 Script Subtag of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<h3>signedZeroToHundredPercent</h3>
<p>Percentage values in the range [-100%,100%] in conformance with §5.9.11 of [XSL]. </p>
<h3>styleName</h3>
<p>A NCName as specified in [XMLSchema-2][XMLSchema-2] that is the name of a style.</p>
<h3>styleNameRef</h3>
<p>A NCName as specified in [XMLSchema-2] that is the name of a referenced style, or an empty value.</p>
<h3>styleNameRefs</h3>
<p>A white-space-separated list of NCNames as specified in [XMLSchema-2] that are the names of a style.</p>
<h3>targetFrameName</h3>
<p>The name of a target frame in conformance with §6.16 of [HTML4].</p>
<h3>textEncoding</h3>
<p>A character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of [XML1.0], or the value x-symbol. The value is x-symbol means that the character encoding is not enumerated by §4.3.3 of [XML1.0].</p>
<h3>timeOrDateTime</h3>
<p>A timeOrDateTime value is either an [XMLSchema-2] time or an [XMLSchema-2] dateTime value.</p>
<h3>URIorSafeCURIE</h3>
<p>An IRI or a safe CURIE, as described in §7 of [RDFa].</p>
<h3>valueType</h3>
<p>A list of value types.</p>
<h3>variableName</h3>
<p>A string specifying the name of a variable.</p>
<h3>vector3D</h3>
<p>A 3-element vector that is represented by floating-point x, y, z coordinates. The format of a vector3D value is white space separated tokens in the order x, y, and z, and that expression starts with &quot;(&quot; (LEFT PARENTHESIS U+0028) and ends with &quot;)&quot; (RIGHT PARENTHESIS U+0029). If this value represents a normal, then it should be normalized.</p>
<h3>zeroToHundredPercent</h3>
<p>Percentage values in the range [0%,100%] in conformance with §5.9.11 of [XSL].</p>
<h1>General Attributes</h1>
<h2>General</h2>
<p>Attributes for elements defined by OpenDocument are divided between those used by structural elements (19) versus those used by &lt;style:*-properties&gt; elements (20).</p>
<p>Attributes have <em>default values</em> defined by this standard. When any element appears in a document instance without such an attribute, consumers should behave as if the attribute is present with the defined default value.</p>
<h2>anim:color-interpolation</h2>
<p>The anim:color-interpolation attribute specifies the color space that is used for color interpolation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the anim:color-interpolation attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>hsl: HSL (hue, saturation, lightness) color model.</p></li>
<li><p>rgb: RGB (red, green, blue) color model.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is rgb.</p>
<p>The anim:color-interpolation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6.</p>
<p>The values of the anim:color-interpolation attribute are rgb or hsl.</p>
<h2>anim:color-interpolation-direction</h2>
<p>The anim:color-interpolation-direction attribute specifies the direction that is used for color interpolation. This is only valid for the HSL color space.</p>
<p>The defined values for the anim:color-interpolation-direction attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>clockwise: color interpolation proceeds in a clockwise direction.</p></li>
<li><p>counterclockwise: color interpolation proceeds in a counterclockwise direction.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is clockwise.</p>
<p>The anim:color-interpolation-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6.</p>
<p>The values of the anim:color-interpolation-direction attribute are clockwise or counter-clockwise.</p>
<h2>anim:audio-level</h2>
<p>The anim:audio-level attribute specifies the audio volume during a playback. </p>
<p>The defined value range for the anim:audio-level attribute is a rational number between 0 (inaudible) and 1 (system volume), inclusive. </p>
<p>The anim:audio-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5.</p>
<p>The anim:audio-level attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>anim:command</h2>
<p>The anim:command attribute specifies an animation command.</p>
<p>The defined values for the anim:command attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>custom: the command is user-defined.</p></li>
<li><p>verb: the command targets an embedded [OLE] object. 10.4.6.3. The parameter verb is the verb number executed on the embedded object.</p></li>
<li><p>play: the command targets a media shape and starts its playback. The parameter media-time defines the playback start time in seconds. If this parameter is not set, playback starts at the last position.</p></li>
<li><p>toggle-pause: the command targets a media shape and toggles its playback state from play to paused or from paused to play.</p></li>
<li><p>stop: the command targets a media shape and stops its playback.</p></li>
<li><p>stop-audio: the command has no target and stops all running audio playback.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If the value of the anim:command attribute is custom, then there shall be a &lt;anim:param&gt; 15.6.2 child element whose anim:name 19.10 attribute and anim:value 19.12 attribute values are user-defined.</p>
<p>If the value of the anim:command attribute is verb, there shall be a &lt;anim:param&gt; child element whose anim:name attribute value is verb and whose anim:value attribute value contains the verb number. </p>
<p>If the value of the anim:command attribute is play, then there shall be a &lt;anim:param&gt; child element whose anim:name attribute value is play and whose anim:value attribute value contains a value expressed in seconds. </p>
<p>The anim:command attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1.</p>
<p>The anim:command attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>anim:formula</h2>
<p>The anim:formula attribute specifies a formula used in an animation function. </p>
<p>The following is the minimum supported grammar:</p>
<p>formula::= additive_expression</p>
<p>identifier::= &#039;$&#039; | &#039;pi&#039; | &#039;e&#039; | &#039;x&#039; | &#039;y&#039; | &#039;width&#039; | &#039;height&#039;</p>
<p>function::= &#039;abs&#039;|&#039;sqrt&#039;|&#039;sin&#039;|&#039;cos&#039;|&#039;tan&#039;|&#039;atan&#039;|&#039;acos&#039;|&#039;asin&#039;|&#039;exp&#039;|&#039;log&#039;</p>
<p>binary_function::= &#039;min&#039;|&#039;max&#039;</p>
<p>basic_expression::= number</p>
<p>	| identifier</p>
<p>	| unary_function S* &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<p>	| binary_function S* &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;,&#039; 	S*additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<p>	| &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<p>unary_expression::= &#039;-&#039; S* basic_expression | basic_expression</p>
<p>multiplicative_expression::= unary_expression ( ( S* &#039;*&#039; S* unary_expression )</p>
<p>	| ( S* &#039;/&#039; S* unary_expression ) )*</p>
<p>additive_expression::= multiplicative_expression ( ( S* &#039;+&#039; S* multiplicative_expression )</p>
<p>	| ( S* &#039;-&#039; S* multiplicative_expression ) )*</p>
<p>number::= sign? integer | sign? Floating-point-constant</p>
<p>floating-point-constant::= fractional-constant exponent? | integer exponent</p>
<p>fractional-constant::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039;</p>
<p>exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? Integer</p>
<p>sign::= &#039;+&#039; | &#039;-&#039;</p>
<p>integer::= [0-9]+</p>
<p>S::= (#x20 | #x9)</p>
<p>The defined identifiers for the anim:formula attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&quot;$&quot; (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN): The identifier ”$” is replaced by a value between 0 and 1 (inclusive) that represents a proportional offset into an animation element&#039;s duration. </p></li>
<li><p>pi: The Pi constant. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>When the anim:formula attribute appears on a descendant element of &lt;office:presentation&gt;, it may use the following additional identifiers:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>e: the Euler constant.</p></li>
<li><p>x: the animated elements left edge in screen space where 0 is the left edge of the screen and 1 is the right edge.</p></li>
<li><p>y: the animated elements top edge in screen space, where 0 is the top edge of the screen and 1 is the bottom edge.</p></li>
<li><p>width: the animated elements width in screen space, where 0 is no width and 1 is the screen&#039;s width.</p></li>
<li><p>height: the animated elements height in screen space, where 0 is no height and 1 is the screen&#039;s height.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If an anim:formula attribute is given, it overrides the smil:values, smil:to, smil:from and smil:by attributes as specified in 15.3.2.</p>
<p>The anim:formula attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The anim:formula attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>anim:id (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The anim:id attribute specifies an identifier to an animation element.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore an anim:id attribute if it occurs on an element with an xml:id attribute value. </p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write anim:id attributes for elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<p> The value of an anim:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same element. </p>
<p>The anim:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<p>The anim:id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<p>The anim:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<h2>anim:iterate-interval</h2>
<p>The anim:iterate-interval attribute specifies the time interval between effects that are children of &lt;anim:iterate&gt; elements. </p>
<p>The anim:iterate-interval attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4.</p>
<p>The anim:iterate-interval attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>anim:iterate-type</h2>
<p>The anim:iterate-type attribute of a &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element specifies the iteration of child elements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the anim:iterate-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>by-letter: the target shape or paragraph is iterated by letters.</p></li>
<li><p>by-paragraph: the target shape is iterated by paragraphs.</p></li>
<li><p>by-word: the target shape or paragraph is iterated by words.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The anim:iterate-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4.</p>
<p>The anim:iterate-type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>anim:name</h2>
<p>The anim:name attribute specifies the name of a parameter for an &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1 element.</p>
<p>The anim:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:param&gt; 15.6.2.</p>
<p>The anim:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>anim:sub-item</h2>
<p>The anim:sub-item attribute specifies components of a target element for application of animation effects. </p>
<p>The defined values for the anim:sub-item attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>background: animates only a shape&#039;s background and not its text.</p></li>
<li><p>text: animates only the text of a shape.</p></li>
<li><p>whole: animates both a shape and its text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The anim:sub-item attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The anim:sub-item attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>anim:value</h2>
<p>The anim:value attribute specifies the value of a parameter for an &lt;anim:command&gt; element.</p>
<p>The anim:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:param&gt; 15.6.2.</p>
<p>The anim:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:attached-axis</h2>
<p>The chart:attached-axis attribute specifies an axis to be used with a series. The value shall be the name of an axis as defined with the chart:name attribute on a &lt;chart:axis&gt; element. </p>
<p>The chart:attached-axis attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<p>The chart:attached-axis attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:automatic-content</h2>
<p>The chart:automatic-content attribute specifies if an equation to be displayed should be calculated automatically or if text given within a &lt;text:p&gt; element should be used instead.</p>
<p>If no &lt;text:p&gt; element is provided, the chart:automatic-content attribute is assumed to be true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:automatic-content attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the text within a &lt;text:p&gt; element is displayed. </p></li>
<li><p>true: an equation is calculated and displayed automatically.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The chart:automatic-content attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19.</p>
<p>The chart:automatic-content attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:class</h2>
<h3>&lt;chart:chart&gt;, &lt;chart:series&gt;</h3>
<p>The chart:class attribute specifies a chart type. The value is a namespaced token. The values for the predefined chart types are defined within the chart namespace ( urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:chart:1.0).</p>
<p>The term <em>line attributes</em> is used in defining chart:class values to refer to the attributes of the &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 element within a chart style: draw:stroke 19.218, draw:stroke-dash 20.168 and draw:stroke-linejoin 20.170,svg:stroke-color 20.408, svg:stroke-width20.410, and svg:stroke-opacity20.409. </p>
<p>The term <em>fill attributes</em> is used in defining chart:class values to refer to the attributes of the &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 element within a chart style: draw:fill 20.118, draw:fill-color 20.119, draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120, draw:gradient-step-count 20.137, draw:fill-hatch-name 20.121, draw:fill-hatch-solid 20.122, draw:fill-image-height 19.486, draw:fill-image-name 20.124, draw:fill-image-width 20.128, draw:fill-image-ref-point 20.125, draw:fill-image-ref-point-x 20.126, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y20.127, draw:opacity 20.152, draw:opacity-name 20.153, draw:tile-repeat-offset 20.175 and style:repeat 19.515.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:class attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>chart:area –The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as y-coordinates within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. </p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformations). </p>
<p>Where chart:deep=&quot;true&quot; 20.12 the z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as labels at the z-axis.</p>
<p>The area in the xy-pane between the data points and the x-axis is filled (chart:origin 20.40). </p>
<p>Where chart:stacked=&quot;true&quot; 20.59 the area between a series and the previous series is filled. The filling is done as indicated by the fill attributes of the series. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes of the series. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:bar – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as y-coordinates within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformations).</p>
<p>Where chart:deep=&quot;true&quot; 20.12 the z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as labels at the z-axis. </p>
<p>Bars are displayed for each data point starting at the x-axis and ending at the indicated y-coordinate (see chart:origin 20.40 for more details). In case of chart:stacked=&quot;true&quot; 20.59 the bar starts at the previous series instead of the x-axis. The width and exact position of the bars along the x-axis is influenced by the attributes chart:gap-width 20.23, chart:group-bars-per-axis 20.24, chart:overlap 20.41, chart:percentage 20.43 and chart:stacked 20.59. In case of chart:three-dimensional=&quot;false&quot; 20.65 the bars are simple rectangles. </p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 the shape of the bars are defined by a chart:solid-type 20.56 attribute. A chart:vertical 20.72 attribute indicates whether the positions of x- and y-axis should be swapped, resulting in a horizontal y-axis and vertical x-axis. The bars are filled as indicated by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:bubble – Circles(bubbles) with different sizes are displayed in a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as relative bubble area. The values for the y-coordinates are given by the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13 element. The values for the x-coordinates are given by the second &lt;chart:domain&gt; element. The bubbles are filled as indicated by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:circle – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are displayed as pie chart. For a value sequence a circle is divided into sectors, the angle of a sector represents the relative weight of a value. Only one series can be displayed with this chart type. By default, the segments are arranged counter-clockwise starting at 12 o&#039;clock. To arrange the segments in clockwise order the attribute chart:reverse-direction 20.51 at the y-axis is set to true. The chart:angle-offset 20.2 attribute is used to rotate the pie. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element at the x-axis can be used to define categories for the data points. The segments are filled as indicated by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:filled-radar – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as radius-coordinates within a counter-clockwise polar coordinate system. The angle axis starts at 12 o&#039;clock. The axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;y&quot; 19.18 is interpreted as radius axis. The axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;x&quot; is interpreted as angle axis. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the value sequence starting with 1.0. First value gets an x-value 1.0. The second value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. </p>
<p>The area surrounded by the data points is filled as indicated by the fill attributes of the series. In case of chart:stacked=&quot;true&quot; 20.59 the area between a series and the previous series is filled instead. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:gantt – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of two &lt;chart:series&gt; (marked as being of type chart:gantt) are interpreted <br />
together to form the start and end values (in this order) in a Gantt chart. Start and end values are displayed at the y-axis in a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. </p>
<p>For each x-coordinate, a bar is displayed, starting at the start value and ending at the end value. The fill and line attributes of the series and points specify how the bars are to be displayed. If the end value is greater than or equal to the start value the style of the first series, shall be used. If the end value is smaller than the start value, the styles of the second series shall be used. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:line – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as y-coordinates within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. </p>
<p>The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. </p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformations). </p>
<p>Where chart:deep=&quot;true&quot; 20.12 the z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as labels at the z-axis. </p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;false&quot; 20.65 the data points are connected with a line as specified by the line attributes of the series. By default a solid line is drawn. If symbols should be used for the data points this shall be specified with the chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute. The fill attributes of the series and data points specify how the symbols are filled. By default. the symbols are filled solid with the same color as the connecting line. In case no line color is given but a fill color, the line uses the fill color. </p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 no symbols are shown. The data points are connected with a line that is extruded in z-direction. The extruded line is filled as specified by the fill attributes of the series. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p>
<p>The attribute chart:interpolation 20.27 within the chart style at the plot-area specifies which type of interpolation is used while connecting the points with lines. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:radar – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as radius-coordinates within a counter-clockwise polar coordinate system. The angle axis starts at 12 o&#039;clock. The axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;y&quot; 19.18 is interpreted as radius axis. The axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;x&quot; is interpreted as angle axis. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the value sequence starting with 1.0. First value gets an x-value 1.0. The second value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. </p>
<p>The data points are connected with a line as specified by the line attributes of the series. By default a solid line is drawn. If symbols should be used for the data points this shall be specified with the chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute. The fill attributes of the series and data points specify how the symbols are filled. By default, the symbols are filled solid with the same color as the connecting line. In case no line color is given but a fill color, the line uses the fill color. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:ring – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are displayed as one ring in a doughnut chart. For a given value sequence, the ring is divided into sectors, the angle of a sector represents the relative weight of a value. </p>
<p>By default, segments are arranged counter-clockwise starting at 12 o&#039;clock. To arrange the segments in clockwise order the attribute chart:reverse-direction 20.51 at the y-axis is set to &quot;true&quot;. The chart:angle-offset 20.2 attribute is used to rotate the doughnut. </p>
<p>By default, the first series of class ring forms the inner ring and the last series forms the outermost ring. To arrange the rings in opposite order the attribute chart:reverse-direction 20.51 is set to &quot;true&quot; at the x-axis. The attribute chart:hole-size 20.25 is used to influence the inner hole size. </p>
<p>The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element at the x-axis can be used to define categories for the data points. The segments are filled as specified by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is drawn around a segment as specified by the line attributes. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:scatter – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; element are interpreted as y-coordinates within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The values for the x-coordinates are given by the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13 element. </p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformations). </p>
<p>Where chart:deep=&quot;true&quot; 20.12 the z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as labels at the z-axis. </p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;false&quot; the data points are connected with a line as specified by the line attributes of the series. By default a solid line is drawn. If symbols should be used for the data points this shall be specified with the chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute. </p>
<p>The fill attributes of the series and data points specify how the symbols are filled. By default the symbols are filled solid with the same color as the connecting line. In case no line color is given but a fill color, the line uses the fill color. </p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 no symbols are shown. The data points are connected with a line that is extruded in z-direction. The extruded line is filled as specified by the fill attributes of the series. A border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p>
<p>The attribute chart:interpolation 20.27 within the chart style at the plot-area specifies which type of interpolation is used while connecting the points with lines. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:stock – The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on up to four &lt;chart:series&gt; (marked as being of type chart:stock) are interpreted together to form the opening, minimum, maximum and closing (in this order) values of a stock symbol displayed at the y scale in a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. If only three series are given, the values are interpreted as minimum, maximum and closing values (in this order). The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. </p>
<p>For each x-coordinate, the minimum and maximum y-values are connected with a line. The line style is specified with element &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; 11.22. The chart:japanese-candle-stick 20.30 attribute specifies the display of opening and closing values in a stock chart. In case of chart:japanese-candle-stick=&quot;false&quot; opening and closing values are displayed as left and right tick-lines in the same style as the line connecting minimum and maximum value. This is the default. Only in case of chart:japanese-candle-stick=&quot;true&quot; a bar is drawn from opening to closing value. The styles to use for those bars are defined with elements &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; 11.20 and &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; 11.21. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:surface – Depending on the size of the range specified by chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of the first &lt;chart:series&gt; element one of two types of surfaces is rendered:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of the first &lt;chart:series&gt; element specifies a range with more than one row and more than one column, the first version of a surface chart is rendered:</p>
<p>The value in the ith column and jth row of the cell range given by the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of the &lt;chart:series&gt; element (marked as being of type chart:surface) is the altitude corresponding to the x-value i and the y-value j unless &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13 elements are contained in the &lt;chart:series&gt; element. </p>
<p>If chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a surface chart is displayed in a right-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis (from left to right), a perspective y-axis running from the front to the right rear and a vertical z-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformation). The altitude values are displayed on the z-axis in this case. The surface is displayed as specified by the line and fill attributes of the first series. Furthermore the &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 elements of the series can be used to specify differing fill and line styles for the different altitude intervals. The surface within the first major interval (starting at lower values) is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the first data-point, within the second major interval the surface is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the second data-point and so on.</p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;false&quot; 20.65 a contour plot is displayed in a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. An axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;z&quot; 19.18 is used to define the range and segmentation of the displayed altitude values. Contour lines are drawn along lines of equal altitude specified by the major interval of the z-axis. The area between the contour lines can be filled. The line and fill style is specified by the line and fill attributes of the series. Furthermore the &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 elements of the series can be used to specify differing line and fill attributes for the different altitude intervals. The contour line and area belonging to the first major interval is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the first data-point, the contour line and area belonging to the second interval is displayed as specified by the line and fill attributes of the second data-point and so on.</p>
<p>In both cases two &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13 elements may be used to specify the y-values and x-values to be used (19.597.5). In this case the jth value of the table:cell-range-address 19.597 attribute of the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; element specifies the y-values used for the values in the jth row of the cell range given by the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of the &lt;chart:series&gt; element and the ith value of the table:cell-range-address attribute of the second &lt;chart:domain&gt; element specifies the x-values used for the values in the ith column.</p>
<p>The attribute chart:deep 20.12 shall be false. Multiple &lt;chart:series&gt; elements of type chart:surface will result in multiple surfaces being rendered. </p></li>
<li><p>If the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of the first &lt;chart:series&gt; element specifies a range with a single row or with a single column the second version of a surface chart is rendered:</p>
<p>The values given by a chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on multiple &lt;chart:series&gt; elements (marked as being of type chart:surface) are interpreted as altitudes at specific grid locations.</p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;true&quot; 20.65 a surface chart is displayed in a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene transformation). The altitude values are displayed on the y-axis in this case. The attribute chart:deep 20.12 shall be true. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the altitude -value sequence starting with 1.0. The first altitude value in each series gets an x-value 1.0. The second altitude value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The first series marked as being of type surface gets an associated z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series marked as being of type surface gets a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as labels at the z-axis. The surface is displayed as specified by the line and fill attributes of the first series. Furthermore the &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 elements of the first series can be used to specify differing fill and line styles for the different altitude intervals. The surface within the first major interval (starting at lower values) is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the first data-point, within the second major interval the surface is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the second data-point and so on.</p>
<p>Where chart:three-dimensional=&quot;false&quot; 20.65 a contour plot is displayed in a 2 dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the altitude -value sequence starting with 1.0. The &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10 element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The y-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0. The series names are used as labels at the y-axis. A third axis element with chart:dimension=&quot;z&quot; 19.18 is used to define the range and segmentation of the displayed altitude values. Contour lines are drawn along lines of equal altitude specified by the major interval of the z-axis. The area between the contour lines can be filled. The line and fill style is specified by the line and fill attributes of the first series. Furthermore the &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 elements of the first series can be used to specify differing line and fill attributes for the different altitude intervals. The contour line and area belonging to the first major interval is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the first data-point, the contour line and area belonging to the second interval is displayed as specified by the line and fill attributes of the second data-point and so on. </p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>Additional chart types may be supported by using a different namespace.</p>
<p>A chart:class 19.15 attribute for a &lt;chart:series&gt; element overrides the chart:class attribute for the entire chart. </p>
<p>Note: The following table shows examples for the pre-defined chart types. Those charts that use one or two data series use two data series with the values 1;2;3;4 and 1;4;9;16 and the labels a;b;c;d. Those chart types that use more than two data series (stock and bubble) use the data series 1;2;3;4 and multiples thereof. The radar chart uses two data series with five data points.</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2344" data-pandoc-media-sha1="9f406aee4a15440e972c53e633ed6b258859a0f7" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0f02f9ca5ae3a37d357b32218aec5e2fed1f67a0" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:line</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2327" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f3d14bccf5491287f9fe963719274e8c198c391e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="1d148f477c899e34bc9a3f3081f276dd975a7fa0" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:area</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2700" data-pandoc-media-sha1="fe24cb188256bff41c9602f5a2d9bc057524af19" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="200de31339a1433d9e15bd09837abd662a2a368b" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:circle</strong></p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="3011" data-pandoc-media-sha1="7c73149cd0ecbb13ab338a7857fe40ba6b65ffb8" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="c72caf93244cc1d13396c9f36890fca606fdbc2a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:ring</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2066" data-pandoc-media-sha1="2946e57ec2dd930fc42f704b2c46f7a1e3321f00" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="fd8d30aa23af9537b8b9162ced61193968f255d5" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:scatter</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2158" data-pandoc-media-sha1="4f1597aae07fb3a519ba7f1559897b4c087dd9e5" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ac5ce8122196a4146564faf9e2fe8722282b0531" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:radar</strong></p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2552" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5222711d313a2cd6b6d6993ca8abdc4789a17339" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="4f9758b1393eccd83b8f7bf560a2465835b2694d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:bar</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2304" data-pandoc-media-sha1="1d581c64ad5b70ef80aa5186c313a13c07cadab2" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="6bb74412083497513bc8b8fa9a786a6b0550a3c6" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:stock</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2574" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c8b88108a42578bb0f22996b8189a23d4315c261" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0184b89fba2c9941adc0d89fd34025148c6725a5" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:bubble</strong></p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2623" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5b5727a8118223eaebbcc4a94d521327cb003d80" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="b4bcff8c5b3f07b8865bbbc9e015251b12dd7c5c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:surface</strong></p></td><td><p><img src="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2059" data-pandoc-media-sha1="87515c5d098998cc90647523730f1dc6bd4e6935" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="4f08a4146b429d344ebb2a10de8b58801592f868" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/gif" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /><strong>chart:gantt</strong></p></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The chart:class attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1 and &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<p>The chart:class attribute has the data type namespacedToken 18.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</h3>
<p>The chart:class attribute of a &lt;chart:grid&gt; element specifies whether major or minor tick marks are used on a grid. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:class attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>major: major tick marks are extended to grid lines.</p></li>
<li><p>minor: minor tick marks are extended to grid lines.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;chart:grid&gt; 11.11 element the default value for this attribute is major.</p>
<p>The chart:class attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:grid&gt; 11.11.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:class attribute are major or minor.</p>
<h2>chart:column-mapping (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The chart:column-mapping attribute is deprecated. It specifies a list of indexes of series. The numbers define a reordering of data that comes from a container document that provides the data for the chart. The numbering begins with 1. A list of ascending numbers beginning with 1 has no effect. To exchange two series, their numbers shall be exchanged in the list.</p>
<p>The chart:column-mapping 19.16 and chart:row-mapping 19.26 attributes shall not be used simultaneously.</p>
<p>Note: Instead of using the deprecated chart:column-mapping attribute, &lt;chart:series&gt; elements may be reordered and specific cell ranges may be assigned to them using the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute.</p>
<p>The chart:column-mapping attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<p>The chart:column-mapping attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:data-source-has-labels (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The chart:data-source-has-labels attribute specifies whether a chart&#039;s source range (as given within table:cell-range-address 19.28 attribute on a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element) contain labels.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:data-source-has-labels attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>both: first row and column of a chart&#039;s source range both contain labels.</p></li>
<li><p>column: first column of a chart&#039;s source range contains labels.</p></li>
<li><p>none: neither the first row nor the first column of a chart&#039;s source range contains labels.</p></li>
<li><p>row: first row of a chart&#039;s source range contains labels.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The chart:data-source-has-labels attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:data-source-has-labels attribute are none, row, column or both.</p>
<h2>chart:dimension</h2>
<p>The chart:dimension attribute specifies a dimension in a coordinate system.</p>
<p>For charts with less than three axes the chart:dimension attribute may appear with values for the x-axis and y-axis only. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:dimension attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>x: dimension represented by the x-axis of a chart.</p></li>
<li><p>y: dimension represented by the y-axis of a chart.</p></li>
<li><p>z: dimension represented by the z-axis of a chart. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:dimension attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 and &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; 11.17.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:dimension attribute are x, y or z.</p>
<h2>chart:display-equation</h2>
<p>The chart:display-equation attribute specifies whether the equation itself should be displayed or not. It is only evaluated if the value of the chart:automatic-content 19.14 attribute is true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:display-equation attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the equation is not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the equation is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The chart:display-equation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19.</p>
<p>The chart:display-equation attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:display-r-square</h2>
<p>The chart:display-r-square attribute specifies whether an R-square value should be displayed or not. It is only evaluated if the value of the chart:automatic-content 19.14 attribute is true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:display-r-square attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: R-square value is not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: R-square value is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The chart:display-r-square attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19.</p>
<p>The chart:display-r-square attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:label-cell-address</h2>
<p>The chart:label-cell-address attribute specifies a cell range list that contains the name for a series.</p>
<p>The chart:label-cell-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<p>The chart:label-cell-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h2>chart:legend-align</h2>
<p>The chart:legend-align attribute specifies the alignment of a legend with the plot area. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:legend-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>center: legend is aligned at the center of the plot-area.</p></li>
<li><p>end: legend is aligned at the end of the plot-area (which is right or bottom).</p></li>
<li><p>start: legend is aligned at the beginning of the plot-area (which is left or top).</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: This attribute can be used when the chart:legend-position attribute has one of the following values: start, end, top, bottom.</p>
<p>The chart:legend-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:legend-align attribute are start, center or end.</p>
<h2>chart:legend-position</h2>
<p>The chart:legend-position attribute specifies the placement of a legend.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:legend-position attribute, to specify the location of a legend in one of the corners of a chart outside the plot area, are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>bottom-end: place legend in the bottom right corner.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom-start: place the legend in the bottom left corner.</p></li>
<li><p>top-end: place legend in the top right corner.</p></li>
<li><p>top-start: place legend in the top left corner.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The defined values for the chart:legend-position attribute, to specify the location of a legend next to the plot area, are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>bottom: place legend below the plot area.</p></li>
<li><p>end: place legend on the right side of the plot area.</p></li>
<li><p>start: place legend on the left side of the plot area.</p></li>
<li><p>top: place legend above the plot area.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The legend position can also be given in absolute coordinates with svg:x and svg:y attributes, as with any drawing object. If both absolute coordinates and the legend-position attribute are given, the chart:legend-position attribute shall be used. </p>
<p>The chart:legend-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
<h2>chart:name</h2>
<p>The chart:name attribute specifies a name for an axis.</p>
<p>Note: The value of a chart:name attribute can be used to reference an axis.</p>
<p>The chart:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9.</p>
<p>The chart:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:repeated</h2>
<p>The chart:repeated attribute specifies how many consecutive data points have the same style.</p>
<p>The chart:repeated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14.</p>
<p>The chart:repeated attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:row-mapping (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The chart:row-mapping attribute specifies a list of indexes of series. The numbers define a reordering of data that comes from a container document that provides the data for the chart. The numbering begins with 1. A list of ascending numbers beginning with 1 has no effect. To exchange two series, their numbers shall be exchanged in the list.</p>
<p>The chart:row-mapping and chart:column-mapping 19.16 attributes shall not be used simultaneously.</p>
<p>Note: Instead of using the deprecated chart:row-mapping attribute, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 elements may be reordered and specific cell ranges may be assigned to them using the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute.</p>
<p>The chart:row-mapping attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<p>The chart:row-mapping attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:style-name</h2>
<p>The chart:style-name attribute references a chart style by its name. 19.502 </p>
<p>The chart:style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9, &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19, &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; 11.17, &lt;chart:floor&gt; 11.8, &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:grid&gt; 11.11, &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4, &lt;chart:mean-value&gt; 11.16, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; 11.18, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12, &lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; 11.20, &lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; 11.21, &lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; 11.22, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2, &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1 and &lt;chart:wall&gt; 11.7.</p>
<p>The chart:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>chart:values-cell-range-address</h2>
<p> The chart:values-cell-range-address attribute specifies a cell range that contains the values for a data series. </p>
<p>The chart:values-cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12.</p>
<p>The chart:values-cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h2>config:name</h2>
<p>The config:name attribute specifies a name of an application setting, an application setting sequence, or an application setting container.</p>
<p>For &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2 elements that are children of &lt;office:settings&gt; 3.10 elements, the name shall begin with a namespace prefix followed by a “:” (U+003A, COLON). The XML namespace bound to the prefix identifies the implementation that defines the name of a setting.</p>
<p>The config:name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;config:config-item&gt; 3.10.3, &lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt; 3.10.5, &lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt; 3.10.4, &lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt; 3.10.6 and &lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2.</p>
<p>The config:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>config:type</h2>
<p>The config:type attribute specifies a data type for a setting.</p>
<p>The defined values for the config:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>base64Binary: 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>boolean: 18.3.3</p></li>
<li><p>datetime: 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>double: 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>int: 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>long: 18.2 .</p></li>
<li><p>short: 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>string: 18.2</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The config:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;config:config-item&gt; 3.10.3.</p>
<p>The values of the config:type attribute are boolean, short, int, long, double, string, datetime or base64Binary.</p>
<h2>db:additional-column-statement</h2>
<p>The db:additional-column-statement attribute specifies the auto-increment keyword of an SQL create statement and any start value. </p>
<p>Note: The auto-increment keyword, optional start value and the format of the string specifying them are database specific. </p>
<p>The db:additional-column-statement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; 12.10.</p>
<p>The db:additional-column-statement attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:append-table-alias-name</h2>
<p>The db:append-table-alias-name attribute specifies that a table alias name should be appended when creating an SQL query.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:append-table-alias-name attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: table alias name is not appended to a query when creating an SQL query.</p></li>
<li><p>true: table alias name is appended to a query when creating an SQL query.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The db:append-table-alias-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The db:append-table-alias-name attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:apply-command</h2>
<p>The db:apply-command attribute specifies whether an SQL clause specified by a db:command attribute should be appended to an underlying statement.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:apply-command attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: an SQL clause specified by a db:command 19.38 will not be appended to an underlying statement.</p></li>
<li><p>true: an SQL clause specified by a db:command attribute will be appended to an underlying statement.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The db:apply-command attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; 12.30 and &lt;db:order-statement&gt; 12.29.</p>
<p>The db:apply-command attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:as-template</h2>
<p>The db:as-template attribute specifies that a document is used as a template for a table structure to be created inside a database.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:as-template attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: document is not used as a template.</p></li>
<li><p>true: document is used as a template.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:as-template attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5.</p>
<p>The db:as-template attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:base-dn</h2>
<p>The db:base-dn attribute specifies a base DN for data that is retrieved using LDAP. [RFC4514]</p>
<p>The db:base-dn attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<p>The db:base-dn attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:boolean-comparison-mode</h2>
<p>The db:boolean-comparison-mode attribute specifies a comparison mode used for Boolean values in SQL SELECT statements. </p>
<p>The defined values for the db:boolean-comparison-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>equal-boolean: “= TRUE&quot; will be used for true and “= FALSE&quot; for false.</p></li>
<li><p>equal-integer: “= 1&quot; will be used for true and “= 0&quot; for false.</p></li>
<li><p>equal-use-only-zero: “NOT ($value = 0 or $value IS NULL)&quot; will be used for true and “= 0&quot; for false.</p></li>
<li><p>is-boolean: “IS TRUE&quot; will be used for true and “IS FALSE&quot; for false.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is equal-integer.</p>
<p>The db:boolean-comparison-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The values of the db:boolean-comparison-mode attribute are equal-integer, is-boolean, equal-boolean or equal-use-only-zero.</p>
<h2>db:catalog-name</h2>
<p>The db:catalog-name attribute specifies the catalog part of a fully-qualified SQL table name or index name.</p>
<p>The db:catalog-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46, &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38, &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33 and &lt;db:update-table&gt; 12.31.</p>
<p>The db:catalog-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:command</h2>
<p>The db:command attribute specifies an SQL select, order or filter clause that is used as part of a SELECT statement.</p>
<p>The db:command attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:filter-statement&gt; 12.30, &lt;db:order-statement&gt; 12.29 and &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28.</p>
<p>The db:command attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:data-source-setting-is-list</h2>
<p>The db:data-source-setting-is-list attribute specifies whether a &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element contains a list of &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:data-source-setting-is-list attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; 12.22 element should not contain a list of &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; 12.24 elements.</p></li>
<li><p>true: &lt;db:data-source-settings&gt; element should contain a list of &lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt; elements.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:data-source-setting-is-list attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; 12.23.</p>
<p>The db:data-source-setting-is-list attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:data-source-setting-name</h2>
<p>The db:data-source-setting-name attribute specifies a name for a &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; element.</p>
<p>The db:data-source-setting-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; 12.23.</p>
<p>The db:data-source-setting-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:data-source-setting-type</h2>
<p>The db:data-source-setting-type attribute specifies a data type for content of a &lt;<a href="db:data-source-setting-value">db:data-source-setting-value</a>&gt; 12.24 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:data-source-setting-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>boolean: 18.3.3</p></li>
<li><p>double: 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>int: 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>long: defined by [SQL].</p></li>
<li><p>string: 18.2</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:data-source-setting-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:data-source-setting&gt; 12.23.</p>
<p>The values of the db:data-source-setting-type attribute are boolean, short, int, long, double or string.</p>
<h2>db:data-type</h2>
<p>The db:data-type attribute specifies an SQL data type for a column.</p>
<p>The values accepted by db:data-type are defined by [SQL].</p>
<p>The db:data-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<p>The values of the db:data-type attribute are bit, boolean, tinyint, smallint, integer, bigint, float, real, double, numeric, decimal, char, varchar, longvarchar, date, time, timestmp, binary, varbinary, longvarbinary, sqlnull, other, object, distinct, struct, array, blob, clob or ref.</p>
<h2>db:database-name</h2>
<p>The db:database-name attribute specifies the database for a connection, if the database type supports multiple logical databases per server.</p>
<p>The db:database-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<p>The db:database-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:decimal</h2>
<p>The db:decimal attribute specifies a decimal separator for numeric fields.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</p>
<p>The db:decimal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11.</p>
<p>The db:decimal attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:default-cell-style-name</h2>
<p>The db:default-cell-style-name attribute specifies a default cell style. This style is applied to all cells in a column.</p>
<p>The db:default-cell-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35.</p>
<p>The db:default-cell-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>db:default-row-style-name</h2>
<p>The db:default-row-style-name attribute specifies a default row style. This style is applied to all rows in a table.</p>
<p>The db:default-row-style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<p>The db:default-row-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>db:delete-rule</h2>
<p>The db:delete-rule attribute specifies a rule that is applied for deleting records from a table. It is used only with foreign keys.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:delete-rule attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>cascade: when the primary key is deleted, rows that imported that key are deleted.</p></li>
<li><p>no-action: indicates that if the primary key has been imported, it cannot be deleted.</p></li>
<li><p>restrict: a primary key shall not be deleted if it has been imported by another table as a foreign key.</p></li>
<li><p>set-default: when the primary key is deleted, the foreign key (imported key) is set to the default value.</p></li>
<li><p>set-null: when the primary key is deleted, the foreign key (imported key) is changed to NULL.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is no-action.</p>
<p>The db:delete-rule attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<p>The values of the db:delete-rule attribute are cascade, restrict, set-null, no-action or set-default.</p>
<h2>db:description</h2>
<p>The db:description attribute specifies a description of a database object.</p>
<p>The db:description attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4, &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28, &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<p>The db:description attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:enable-sql92-check</h2>
<p>The db:enable-sql92-check attribute specifies whether the names of tables, views, columns, and queries may contain characters defined by the [SQL] feature F392.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:enable-sql92-check attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: consumers should permit characters defined by the [SQL] feature F392 for new or changed names of tables, views, columns, and queries. </p></li>
<li><p>true: consumers should not permit characters defined by the [SQL] feature F392 for new or changed names of tables, views, columns, and queries. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The db:enable-sql92-check attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The db:enable-sql92-check attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:encoding</h2>
<p>The db:encoding attribute specifies a text encoding for string data.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is utf-8.</p>
<p>The db:encoding attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:character-set&gt; 12.12.</p>
<p>The db:encoding attribute has the data type textEncoding 18.3.35.</p>
<h2>db:escape-processing</h2>
<p>The db:escape-processing attribute specifies whether escape processing for a query is used or not. </p>
<p>The defined values for the db:escape-processing attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: consumer should pass a query statement to the database driver without interpreting it itself.</p></li>
<li><p>true: consumer may pass a query statement to a database driver after interpreting it itself. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The db:escape-processing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28.</p>
<p>The db:escape-processing attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:extension</h2>
<p>The db:extension attribute specifies a file name extension for files which are used as tables.</p>
<p>The db:extension attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5.</p>
<p>The db:extension attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:field</h2>
<p>The db:field attribute specifies a separator for database fields.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “;” (U+003B, SEMICOLON).</p>
<p>The db:field attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11.</p>
<p>The db:field attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:hostname</h2>
<p>The db:hostname attribute specifies the name of a server for a server-based database. </p>
<p>The db:hostname attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<p>The db:hostname attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:ignore-driver-privileges</h2>
<p>The db:ignore-driver-privileges attribute specifies whether privileges returned by a database driver should be ignored. </p>
<p>The defined values for the db:ignore-driver-privileges attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: privileges returned by a database driver should not be ignored.</p></li>
<li><p>true: privileges returned by a database driver should be ignored.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The db:ignore-driver-privileges attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The db:ignore-driver-privileges attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:is-ascending</h2>
<p>The db:is-ascending attribute specifies that a column is to be sorted in ascending order. </p>
<p>The defined values for the db:is-ascending attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: column is not sorted in ascending order.</p></li>
<li><p>true: column is sorted in ascending order.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:is-ascending attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:index-column&gt; 12.48.</p>
<p>The db:is-ascending attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:is-autoincrement</h2>
<p>The db:is-autoincrement attribute specifies whether a column is automatically numbered.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:is-autoincrement attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: column is not automatically numbered.</p></li>
<li><p>true: column is automatically numbered.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:is-autoincrement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<p>The db:is-autoincrement attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:is-clustered</h2>
<p>The db:is-clustered attribute specifies that an index is clustered.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:is-clustered attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: index is not clustered.</p></li>
<li><p>true: index is clustered.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:is-clustered attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46.</p>
<p>The db:is-clustered attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:is-empty-allowed</h2>
<p>The db:is-empty-allowed attribute specifies whether a column may contain empty values. </p>
<p>The defined values for the db:is-empty-allowed attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: column shall not contain empty values.</p></li>
<li><p>true: column may contain empty values.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:is-empty-allowed attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<p>The db:is-empty-allowed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:is-first-row-header-line</h2>
<p>The db:is-first-row-header-line attribute specifies whether the first row in a text file, which is interpreted as a table of a file-based database, is used to define the columns of a table.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:is-first-row-header-line attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: first row of text file does not define columns of a table.</p></li>
<li><p>true: first row of text file does define columns of a table.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The db:is-first-row-header-line attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9 and &lt;db:table-setting&gt; 12.14.</p>
<p>The db:is-first-row-header-line attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:login-timeout</h2>
<p>The db:login-timeout attribute indicates a default time-out to be used when establishing a connection for this data source. If the attribute is not present, then a default time-out is specified by the database server. </p>
<p>The db:login-timeout attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:login&gt; 12.8.</p>
<p>The db:login-timeout attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:is-nullable</h2>
<p>The db:is-nullable attribute specifies the nullability of values in a column.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:is-nullable attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>no-nulls: null values should not appear in a column.</p></li>
<li><p>nullable: null values may appear in a column.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:is-nullable attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<p>The values of the db:is-nullable attribute are no-nulls or nullable.</p>
<h2>db:is-password-required</h2>
<p>The db:is-password-required attribute specifies if a password is always necessary when establishing a connection for a data source.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:is-password-required attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: password should not be required for a connection to data source.</p></li>
<li><p>true: password should be required for a connection to data source.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The db:is-password-required attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:login&gt; 12.8.</p>
<p>The db:is-password-required attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:is-unique</h2>
<p>The db:is-unique attribute specifies whether an index shall have unique values.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:is-unique attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: index should not require unique values.</p></li>
<li><p>true: index shall have unique values.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:is-unique attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46.</p>
<p>The db:is-unique attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:precision</h2>
<p>The db:precision attribute specifies a column&#039;s number of decimal digits.</p>
<p>The db:precision attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<p>The db:precision attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:is-table-name-length-limited</h2>
<p>The db:is-table-name-length-limited attribute specifies whether table names are limited to eight characters or fewer characters.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:is-table-name-length-limited attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: tables names may exceed eight characters in length.</p></li>
<li><p>true: table names shall not be greater than eight characters in length.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The db:is-table-name-length-limited attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The db:is-table-name-length-limited attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:local-socket</h2>
<p>The db:local-socket attribute specifies the local socket on which a server database is running and accepting connections. The server&#039;s local socket filename is used for connecting to a server database when it is running locally. </p>
<p>If db:local-socket is present but empty, consumers should use the default local socket for the database type in question.</p>
<p>The db:local-socket attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<p>The db:local-socket attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:max-row-count</h2>
<p>The db:max-row-count attribute specifies the maximum number of rows that should be returned in a result set.</p>
<p>The db:max-row-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The db:max-row-count attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:media-type</h2>
<p>The db:media-type attribute of a &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element specifies the type of the file(s) that comprise a database. If the database consists of multiple files of different types which all are required for it to be operational, this attribute specifies the type of the file linked to by the xlink:href 19.916 attribute on the &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; element. </p>
<p>The db:media-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5.</p>
<p>The db:media-type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies a name of a database or component of a database.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:column&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a column.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a column.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:component&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a database component.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a collection of &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5 and &lt;db:component-collection&gt; elements. </p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:index&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of an index. </p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:index&gt; 12.46.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of an index column.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:index-column&gt; 12.48.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:key&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a key. If the key is not a primary key, the db:name attribute with a value shall appear on the &lt;db:key&gt; element.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;db:key-column&gt; element.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key-column&gt; 12.44.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:query&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;db:query&gt; element.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a collection of &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28 and &lt;db:query-collection&gt; elements. </p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a schema for a table.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a table. Fully identifying a table in a database may require values from the db:catalog-name and db:schema-name attributes. </p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;db:update-table&gt; element. </p>
<p>The db:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:update-table&gt; 12.31.</p>
<p>The db:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:parameter-name-substitution</h2>
<p>The db:parameter-name-substitution attribute specifies that parameter names shall be replaced with a ”?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK). </p>
<p>The defined values for the db:parameter-name-substitution attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: parameters names may be replaced by a ”?”.</p></li>
<li><p>true: parameters names shall be replaced by a “?”.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The db:parameter-name-substitution attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<p>The db:parameter-name-substitution attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:port</h2>
<p>The db:port attribute specifies the port on which a server database is accepting connections. If no port is present, consumers should use the default port for the database type in question.</p>
<p>The db:port attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<p>The db:port attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:referenced-table-name</h2>
<p>The db:referenced-table-name attribute specifies the name of a referenced table. It is only used with foreign keys.</p>
<p>The db:referenced-table-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<p>The db:referenced-table-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:related-column-name</h2>
<p>The db:related-column-name attribute specifies the name of a reference column out of the referenced table. It is used only with foreign keys.</p>
<p>The db:related-column-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key-column&gt; 12.44.</p>
<p>The db:related-column-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:row-retrieving-statement</h2>
<p>The db:row-retrieving-statement attribute specifies an SQL statement, which is executed to retrieve auto generated values after inserting a new row.</p>
<p>The db:row-retrieving-statement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:auto-increment&gt; 12.10.</p>
<p>The db:row-retrieving-statement attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:scale</h2>
<p>The db:scale attribute specifies a column&#039;s number of digits to the right of the decimal point.</p>
<p>The db:scale attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<p>The db:scale attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:schema-name</h2>
<p>The db:schema-name attribute specifies the name of a schema.</p>
<p>The db:schema-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38, &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33 and &lt;db:update-table&gt; 12.31.</p>
<p>The db:schema-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:show-deleted</h2>
<p>The db:show-deleted attribute specifies that deleted records should be included in result sets.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:show-deleted attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: deleted records not included in result sets.</p></li>
<li><p>true: deleted records included in result sets. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The db:show-deleted attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9 and &lt;db:table-setting&gt; 12.14.</p>
<p>The db:show-deleted attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:string</h2>
<p>The db:string attribute specifies a separator for strings.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</p>
<p>The db:string attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11.</p>
<p>The db:string attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:style-name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The db:style-name attribute specifies a style name of a style family for the element upon which it appears. </p>
<h3>&lt;db:column&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:style-name attribute specifies the name of a style of the family table-column.</p>
<p>The db:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35.</p>
<p>The db:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:query&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:style-name attribute specifies the name of a style of the family table.</p>
<p>The db:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28.</p>
<p>The db:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:style-name attribute specifies the name of a style of the family table.</p>
<p>The db:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<p>The db:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>db:suppress-version-columns</h2>
<p>The db:suppress-version-columns attribute specifies that version columns, columns that are used for versioning row content, should be suppressed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the db:suppress-version-columns attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: version columns are not suppressed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: version columns should be suppressed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The db:suppress-version-columns attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The db:suppress-version-columns attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:system-driver-settings</h2>
<p>The db:system-driver-settings attribute specifies system-specific options for a connection.</p>
<p>The db:system-driver-settings attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:driver-settings&gt; 12.9.</p>
<p>The db:system-driver-settings attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:thousand</h2>
<p>The db:thousand attribute specifies a thousand separator for numeric fields.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “,” (U+002C, COMMA).</p>
<p>The db:thousand attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:delimiter&gt; 12.11.</p>
<p>The db:thousand attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:title</h2>
<p>The db:title attribute specifies a human-readable title of an object.</p>
<p>The db:title attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:component-collection&gt; 12.25.4, &lt;db:query&gt; 12.28, &lt;db:query-collection&gt; 12.27 and &lt;db:table-representation&gt; 12.33.</p>
<p>The db:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:type</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The db:type attribute specifies a type for keys, databases, or tables, depending upon the element where it appears.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:key&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:type attribute specifies the type of a key. </p>
<p>The defined values for the db:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>foreign: a foreign key is a tuple of values in a database record that points to a key of a record in another table. </p></li>
<li><p>primary: a primary key is a tuple of values that can be used to identify a row in a table. </p></li>
<li><p>unique: a unique key specifies that the value of the key is unique but may be the NULL value.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<p>The values of the db:type attribute are primary, unique or foreign.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:type attribute specifies the type of a database. </p>
<p>The db:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:server-database&gt; 12.6.</p>
<p>The db:type attribute has the data type namespacedToken 18.3.19.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</h3>
<p>The db:type attribute specifies the type of a table. </p>
<p>The defined values for the db:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>system table: a table used by a database for administration.</p></li>
<li><p>table: a table.</p></li>
<li><p>view: a table that is a view of another table.</p></li>
<li><p>Implementation-defined values</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:table-definition&gt; 12.38.</p>
<p>The db:type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:type-name</h2>
<p>The db:type-name attribute specifies a database-dependent type name of a database column. </p>
<p>The db:type-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40.</p>
<p>The db:type-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:update-rule</h2>
<p>The db:update-rule attribute specifies a rule that is applied for updating records in a table. It is only used for foreign keys. </p>
<p>The defined values for the db:update-rule attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>cascade: when the primary key is updated, the foreign key (imported key) is changed to the same value.</p></li>
<li><p>restrict: a primary key shall not be updated if it has been imported by another table as a foreign key.</p></li>
<li><p>no-action: if the primary key has been imported, it cannot be updated.</p></li>
<li><p>set-default: when the primary key is updated, the foreign key (imported key) is set to the default value.</p></li>
<li><p>set-null: when the primary key is updated, the foreign key (imported key) is changed to NULL.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is no-action.</p>
<p>The db:update-rule attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:key&gt; 12.42.</p>
<p>The values of the db:update-rule attribute are cascade, restrict, set-null, no-action or set-default.</p>
<h2>db:use-catalog</h2>
<p>The db:use-catalog attribute specifies that a catalog name should be used to reference a table in SQL statements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:use-catalog attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: catalog names are not used to reference tables in SQL statements.</p></li>
<li><p>true: catalog names are used to reference tables in SQL statements.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The db:use-catalog attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt; 12.15.</p>
<p>The db:use-catalog attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:use-system-user</h2>
<p>The db:use-system-user attribute specifies whether the name of a user as logged in to the client operating system is used.</p>
<p>If db:use-system-user and db:user-name 19.90 attributes are omitted and the server requires a user name, the user is prompted to enter a name.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:use-system-user attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: name of user logged into client operating system is not used for login.</p></li>
<li><p>true: name of user logged into client operating system is used for login.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The db:use-system-user attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:login&gt; 12.8.</p>
<p>The db:use-system-user attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>db:user-name</h2>
<p>The db:user-name attribute specifies a user name for authentication upon creating a connection to a database.</p>
<p>If db:user-name and db:use-system-user 19.89 attributes are omitted and the server requires a user name, the user is prompted to enter a name.</p>
<p>The db:user-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:login&gt; 12.8.</p>
<p>The db:user-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>db:visible</h2>
<p>The db:visible attribute specifies whether a column appears in a table grid view.</p>
<p>The defined values for the db:visible attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: column does not appear in a table grid view.</p></li>
<li><p>true: column appears in a table grid view.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The db:visible attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35.</p>
<p>The db:visible attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>dr3d:ambient-color</h2>
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute specifies a color for ambient light. </p>
<p>Note: Ambient light is light that seems to come from all directions.</p>
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute, along with dr3d:diffuse-color, dr3d:emissive-color, and dr3d:specular-color specifies the four colors that define the color of a material.</p>
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>dr3d:center</h2>
<p>The dr3d:center attribute specifies the center of a sphere in a three-dimensional space.</p>
<p>The dr3d:center attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5.</p>
<p>The dr3d:center attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>dr3d:diffuse-color</h2>
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute specifies the base color that a light is emitting.</p>
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3.</p>
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>dr3d:direction</h2>
<p>The dr3d:direction attribute specifies the direction in which light is emitted.</p>
<p>The dr3d:direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3.</p>
<p>The dr3d:direction attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>dr3d:distance</h2>
<p>The dr3d:distance attribute specifies the distance between a camera and an object.</p>
<p>The dr3d:distance attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The dr3d:distance attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>dr3d:enabled</h2>
<p>The dr3d:enabled attribute specifies if a light is enabled. If a light is not enabled, it does not emit any light.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:enabled attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: light is not enabled.</p></li>
<li><p>true: light is enabled.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:enabled attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3.</p>
<p>The dr3d:enabled attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>dr3d:focal-length</h2>
<p>The dr3d:focal-length attribute specifies the focal length of a virtual camera in a scene.</p>
<p>The dr3d:focal-length attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The dr3d:focal-length attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>dr3d:lighting-mode</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute specifies the use of lighting in three-dimensional scenes.</p>
<p>Note: The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute is also defined for 3D objects. 20.86</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h3>
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute specifies whether lighting is used in a three-dimensional chart.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:lighting-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: lighting is not used.</p></li>
<li><p>true: lighting is used.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute specifies whether lighting is used in a three-dimensional scene.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:lighting-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: lighting is not used.</p></li>
<li><p>true: lighting is used.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>dr3d:max-edge </h2>
<p>The dr3d:max-edge attribute specifies the maximum x, y and z coordinate values for a cube. </p>
<p>The dr3d:max-edge attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4.</p>
<p>The dr3d:max-edge attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>dr3d:min-edge</h2>
<p>The dr3d:min-edge attribute specifies the minimum x, y and z coordinate values for a cube. </p>
<p>The dr3d:min-edge attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4.</p>
<p>The dr3d:min-edge attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>dr3d:projection</h2>
<p>The dr3d:projection attribute specifies a projection mode.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:projection attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>parallel: distance from the center of projection to the projection plane is infinite.</p></li>
<li><p>perspective: distance from the center of projection to the projection plane is finite.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2 element the default value for this attribute is parallel.</p>
<p>The dr3d:projection attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 and &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:projection attribute are parallel or perspective.</p>
<h2>dr3d:shade-mode</h2>
<p>The dr3d:shade-mode attribute specifies how lighting is calculated for rendered surfaces.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:shade-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>draft: surfaces are not lit and drawn as wireframe only.</p></li>
<li><p>flat: lighting is calculated by one surface normal.</p></li>
<li><p>gouraud: lighting is calculated by interpolating the color calculated with the surface normals at each edge.</p></li>
<li><p>phong: lighting is calculated by interpolating the surface normals over the surface.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2 element the default value for this attribute is flat.</p>
<p>The dr3d:shade-mode attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 and &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:shade-mode attribute are flat, phong, gouraud or draft.</p>
<h2>dr3d:shadow-slant</h2>
<p>The dr3d:shadow-slant attribute specifies an angle from a three-dimensional scene to a virtual paper on which a shadow is cast. </p>
<p>The dr3d:shadow-slant attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The dr3d:shadow-slant attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>dr3d:size</h2>
<p>The dr3d:size attribute specifies the size of a sphere in a three-dimensional space.</p>
<p>The dr3d:size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5.</p>
<p>The dr3d:size attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>dr3d:specular</h2>
<p>The dr3d:specular attribute specifies whether a light causes a specular reflection on objects. consumers may evaluate this attribute only for the first light in a scene.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:specular attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: light does not cause specular reflection.</p></li>
<li><p>true: light does cause specular reflection.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:specular attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:light&gt; 10.5.3.</p>
<p>The dr3d:specular attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>dr3d:transform</h2>
<p>The dr3d:transform attribute specifies a list of transform definitions, which are applied in the order provided. The individual transform definitions are separated by white space. </p>
<p>The defined transforms are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>matrix(<em>&lt;a&gt;</em> <em>&lt;b&gt;</em> <em>&lt;c&gt;</em> <em>&lt;d&gt;</em> <em>&lt;e&gt;</em> <em>&lt;f&gt;</em> <em>&lt;g&gt;</em> <em>&lt;h&gt;</em> <em>&lt;i&gt;</em> <em>&lt;j&gt;</em> <em>&lt;k&gt;</em> <em>&lt;l&gt;</em>): specifies a transformation in the form of a homogeneous transformation matrix: </p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mtable><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>d</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>g</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>j</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>b</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>e</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>h</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>k</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>c</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>f</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>i</mi></mtd><mtd><mi>l</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mn>0</mn></mtd><mtd><mn>0</mn></mtd><mtd><mn>0</mn></mtd><mtd><mn>1</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">left(  matrix { a # d # g # j ## b # e # h # k ## c # f # i # l ## 0 # 0 # 0 # 1 } right )</annotation></semantics></math></p>
<p> where the values (&lt;j&gt;, &lt;k&gt;, &lt;l&gt;) in the right column describe the translation. </p></li>
<li><p>rotatex(<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em>): specifies a rotation by <em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the x-axis.</p></li>
<li><p>rotatey(<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em>): specifies a rotation by <em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the y-axis.</p></li>
<li><p>rotatez(<em>&lt;rotate-angle</em>&gt;): specifies a rotation by <em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the z-axis.</p></li>
<li><p>scale(<em>&lt;sx&gt;</em> <em>&lt;sy&gt;</em> <em>&lt;sz&gt;</em>): specifies a scale operation by <em>sx</em>, <em>sy</em> and <em>sz</em>.</p></li>
<li><p>translate(<em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> <em>&lt;ty&gt;</em> <em>&lt;tz</em>&gt;): specifies a translation by <em>tx</em>, <em>ty</em> and <em>tz</em>.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:transform attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 and &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5.</p>
<p>The dr3d:transform attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>dr3d:vpn</h2>
<p>The dr3d:vpn attribute specifies a pointer towards projected objects.</p>
<p>With the dr3d:vrp 19.109 and dr3d:vup 19.110 attributes, the dr3d:vpn attribute specifies a viewing volume. </p>
<p>The dr3d:vpn attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The dr3d:vpn attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>dr3d:vrp</h2>
<p>The dr3d:vrp attribute specifies an origin.</p>
<p>With the dr3d:vpn 19.108 and dr3d:19.110 vup attributes, the dr3d:vrp attribute specifies a viewing volume.</p>
<p>The dr3d:vrp attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The dr3d:vrp attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>dr3d:vup</h2>
<p>The dr3d:vup attribute specifies an up vector. </p>
<p>With the dr3d:vpn 19.108 and dr3d:vrp 19.109 attributes, the dr3d:vup attribute specifies a viewing volume.</p>
<p>The dr3d:vup attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 and &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The dr3d:vup attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>draw:align</h2>
<p>The draw:align attribute specifies the shape edge where a glue point is positioned.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>bottom-left: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the bottom-left corner of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </p></li>
<li><p>bottom-right: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the bottom-right corner of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </p></li>
<li><p>center: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the center of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </p></li>
<li><p>right: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the right of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </p></li>
<li><p>top: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the top of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </p></li>
<li><p>top-right: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the top-right corner of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </p></li>
<li><p>top-left: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the top-left corner of the shape&#039;s bounding box. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:align attribute are top-left, top, top-right, left, center, right, bottom-left or bottom-right.</p>
<h2>draw:angle</h2>
<p>The draw:angle attribute specifies an angle that rotates the axis at which the gradient values are interpolated. This attribute is ignored for radial style gradients. </p>
<p>The draw:angle attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1 and &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<p>The draw:angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>draw:archive</h2>
<p>The draw:archive attribute is equivalent to the archive attribute of an &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. See. §13.4 of [HTML4].</p>
<p>The draw:archive attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7.</p>
<p>The draw:archive attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:border</h2>
<p>The draw:border attribute specifies a percentage value that is used to scale a border area which is filled by a solid color. </p>
<p>For linear, square, rectangle, radial and elliptical gradients the start color is used. For axial gradients, the end color is used. </p>
<p>The draw:border attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1 and &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<p>The draw:border attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-id</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-id attribute establishes a relationship between a drawing shape and its caption. It takes a value of type IDREF. The value for the draw:caption-id attribute is the target ID assigned to the &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3 element that contains the caption.</p>
<p>Note: When a caption is assigned to a drawing shape, an id shall be assigned to the element containing the text used to caption a drawing shape. Removing the caption should result in removing the draw:caption-id attribute of the drawing shape that was being captioned.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-id attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-point-x</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-point-x attribute, along with draw:caption-point-y specifies the position of a point that is captioned. A set of lines is rendered to that point from the caption area.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-point-x attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-point-x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-point-y</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-point-y attribute, along with draw:caption-point-x specifies the position of a point that is captioned. A set of lines is rendered to that point from the caption area.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-point-y attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-point-y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h2>draw:chain-next-name</h2>
<p>The draw:chain-next-name attribute specifies a name that is used to chain text boxes together for cases where the content of a text box exceeds its capacity. The content flows into the next text box in the chain. The value of this attribute is the name of the next text box in the chain.</p>
<p>The draw:chain-next-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<p>The draw:chain-next-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:class-id</h2>
<p>The draw:class-id attribute specifies the OLE class id of an object.</p>
<p>The draw:class-id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:class-id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:class-names</h2>
<p>The draw:class-names attribute specifies a white-space-separated list of styles with the family value of graphic. The referenced styles are applied in the order they are contained in the list. </p>
<p>If both draw:style-name and draw:class-names are present, the style referenced by the draw:style-name attribute is applied before the styles referenced by the draw:class-names attribute. </p>
<p>The draw:class-names attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:class-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<h2>draw:code</h2>
<p>The draw:code attribute is equivalent to the code attribute of an &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. See. §13.4 of [HTML4].</p>
<p>The draw:code attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7.</p>
<p>The draw:code attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:color</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The draw:color attribute specifies different colors depending upon the element where it appears. </p>
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:color attribute specifies the color of hatch lines.</p>
<p>The draw:color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<p>The draw:color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:color attribute specifies the color of that is used to fill a shape when the shape is dimmed.</p>
<p>The draw:color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:dim&gt; 10.8.7.</p>
<p>The draw:color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>draw:concave</h2>
<p>The draw:concave attribute specifies whether the basic model of the polygon is a regular, convex polygon or a star-shaped polygon.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:concave attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: The basic model of the polygon is a regular convex polygon, where the number of corners is specified by the draw:corners 19.128 attribute. The basic model is scaled, so that the bounding box of the polygon has the width and height as specified in the svg:width 19.575 and svg:height 19.543 attributes of the &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 element.</p></li>
<li><p>true: The polygon is star-shaped. The draw:sharpness 19.211 attribute shall be specified in addition to the draw:concave attribute.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:concave attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<h2>draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed</h2>
<p>The draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed attribute specifies the rendering of a shape with a concentric gradient that uses a custom shape path. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the rendering of a shape with a concentric gradient that does not use a custom shape path. </p></li>
<li><p>true: the rendering of a shape with a concentric gradient that does use a custom shape path. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:control</h2>
<p>The draw:control attribute specifies a control within a form that is linked to the control shape by its ID.</p>
<p>The draw:control attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13.</p>
<p>The draw:control attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:copy-of</h2>
<p>The draw:copy-of attribute specifies that a frame displays the contents of another frame. This does not effect style and position information. The style and position information of the frame with the draw:copy-of attribute is used to render the copied contents.</p>
<p>Note: Multiple frames can be set to display the exact same underlying data: for instance for a company logo, that that is to appear somewhere on every page, without being part of a header or footer.</p>
<p>The draw:copy-of attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The draw:copy-of attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:corner-radius</h2>
<p>The draw:corner-radius attribute specifies the radius of the circle used to round off the corners of a caption &lt;draw:caption&gt;, rectangle &lt;draw:rect&gt;, or a text-box &lt;draw:text-box&gt;.</p>
<p>The svg:rx 19.554 and svg:ry 19.555 attributes can also be used to round off the corners of a rectangle &lt;draw:rect&gt;.</p>
<p>If svg:rx and/or svg:ry and draw:corner-radius attributes are present on an element, the svg:rx and svg:ry attributes control the rounding applied to the shape defined by the element. If one or both of svg:rx and svg:ry attributes are present, any draw:corner-radius attribute is ignored. </p>
<p>The draw:corner-radius attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:corner-radius attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>draw:corners</h2>
<p>The draw:corners attribute specifies the number of corners for a regular-polygon shape. If the draw:concave 19.123 attribute of the &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 element has the value false, the value of the draw:corners attribute specifies the number of corners of the polygon. If the draw:concave attribute has the value true, the polygon has twice as many corners as the value of the draw:corners attribute. </p>
<p>Note: The drawing of polygons is further described at the draw:sharpness 19.211 attribute.</p>
<p>The draw:corners attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The draw:corners attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:cx</h2>
<p>The draw:cx attribute, along with the draw:cy 19.130 attribute, specifies the center of the geometry that is used for a gradient 19.218.2, if the gradient style is ellipsoid, radial, rectangular, or square.</p>
<p>The draw:cx attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1 and &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<p>The draw:cx attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:cy</h2>
<p>The draw:cy attribute, along with the draw:cx 19.129 attribute, specifies the center of the geometry that is used for a gradient, if the gradient 19.218.2 style is ellipsoid, radial, rectangular, or square.</p>
<p>The draw:cy attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1 and &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<p>The draw:cy attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:data</h2>
<p>The draw:data attribute specifies rendering-engine-specific data for a custom shape. This attribute is only evaluated if a rendering engine is specified by the draw:engine attribute.</p>
<p>The draw:data attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1.</p>
<p>The draw:data attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:display</h2>
<p>The draw:display attribute specifies the visibility of drawing objects contained in a layer for display or printing.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>always: drawing objects are visible on screen and in printed output.</p></li>
<li><p>none: drawing objects are not visible on screen or in printed output.</p></li>
<li><p>printer: drawing objects are visible in printed output but not on screen.</p></li>
<li><p>screen: drawing objects are visible on screen but not in printed output.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is always.</p>
<p>The draw:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:display attribute are always, screen, printer or none.</p>
<h2>draw:display-name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies a name as it should appear in the user interface.  If this attribute is not present, the display name is the same as the internal name.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a fill image.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a gradient.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a hatch style.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:marker&gt; </h3>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a marker.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:marker&gt; 16.42.8.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of an opacity gradient.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a dash style.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a gradient. </p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute specifies the name of a gradient. </p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The draw:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:distance</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The draw:distance attribute specifies distances.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:distance attribute specifies the distance between two hatch lines. </p>
<p>The draw:distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<p>The draw:distance attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:distance attribute specifies the distance between the dashes of a stroke. </p>
<p>The value of the attribute may be an absolute length or a percentage value. Percentage values are relative to the width of the stroke as defined by the svg:stroke-width attribute. 20.410</p>
<p>The draw:distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:distance attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:dots1</h2>
<p>The draw:dots1 attribute specifies the number of dashes for the first sequence in an alternating sequence of dots. </p>
<p>The draw:dots1 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<p>The draw:dots1 attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:dots1-length</h2>
<p>The draw:dots1-length attributes specifies the length of the dashes in the sequence specified by draw:dots1. </p>
<p>The value of the attribute may be an absolute length or a percentage value. Percentage values are relative to the width of the stroke as defined by the svg:stroke-width attribute. 20.410</p>
<p>The draw:dots1-length attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:dots1-length attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:dots2</h2>
<p>The draw:dots2 attribute specifies the number of dashes for the second sequence in an alternating sequence of dots. </p>
<p>The draw:dots2 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<p>The draw:dots2 attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:dots2-length</h2>
<p>The draw:dots2-length attributes specifies the length of the dashes in the sequence specified by draw:dots2. </p>
<p>The value of the attribute may be an absolute length or a percentage value. Percentage values relative to the width of the stroke as defined by the svg:stroke-width attribute. 20.410</p>
<p>The draw:dots2-length attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:dots2-length attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:end</h2>
<p>The draw:end attributes specifies the end value for the &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7 element, which interpolates between the value of this attribute and draw:start. The defined value range for the draw:end attribute is 0% to 100%, where 0% is transparent and 100% is opaque.</p>
<p>The draw:end attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<p>The draw:end attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:end-angle</h2>
<p>The draw:end-angle attribute specifies the end angle of an arc, cut, or section for circles where the draw:kind 19.188 attribute value is arc, cut, or section. </p>
<p>The draw:end-angle attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8 and &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<p>The draw:end-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>draw:end-color</h2>
<p>The draw:end-color attribute specifies the end value for the &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element, which interpolates between the value of this attribute and draw:start-color 19.214.</p>
<p>The draw:end-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<p>The draw:end-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>draw:end-glue-point</h2>
<p>The draw:end-glue-point attribute identifies the glue point in a shape where a connector ends by its number. See 10.3.16. Glue point numbers are defined by the draw:id attributes of the glue point elements &lt;draw:glue-point&gt;. 19.187.2</p>
<p>If the connector is not connected to a shape, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>The draw:end-glue-point attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<p>The draw:end-glue-point attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:end-intensity</h2>
<p>The draw:end-intensity attribute specifies the intensity of the gradient&#039;s end color as a percentage value. If it is not specified, the color is used at 100% intensity. The defined value range for the draw:end-intensity attribute is 0% to 100%, </p>
<p>The draw:end-intensity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<p>The draw:end-intensity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:end-shape</h2>
<p>The draw:end-shape attribute specifies a drawing shape to which the end of a connector is connected.</p>
<p>The draw:end-shape attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<p>The draw:end-shape attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:enhanced-path</h2>
<p>The draw:enhanced-path attribute specifies a path that is the outline of a shape. </p>
<p>The syntax of a value for a draw:enhanced-path attribute is defined as:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Commands are expressed as one character. </p></li>
<li><p>Commands are followed by parameters.</p></li>
<li><p>Commands and parameters are separated by white space characters. Parameters may also be separated by comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) characters.</p></li>
<li><p>White space and commas may be eliminated if they are not necessary to identify individual commands or parameters. </p></li>
<li><p>If a command is repeated multiple times, all repeated command characters except the first one may be omitted.</p></li>
<li><p>The decimal delimiter is the ”.” (U+002E, FULL STOP) character. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>A parameter in the value of a draw:enhanced-path attribute may be:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>An integer value.</p></li>
<li><p>An integer value preceded by a “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) character. Such a value is an index to a draw:modifiers 19.196 attribute on the element where the draw:enhanced-path attribute appears. The corresponding modifier value is used as a parameter value. </p></li>
<li><p>A floating-point value.</p></li>
<li><p>A formula name, preceded by a “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) character. The result of the value of the draw:formula 19.171 attribute of the &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5 child element of the &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element on which the draw:enhanced-path attribute appears is used as the parameter value. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The syntax used in Table 10 for parameters is: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>(): grouping of parameters.</p></li>
<li><p>+: 1 or more of the given parameter(s) shall be present.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The following commands are defined:</p>
<p>Table 10 - Enhanced path commands</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Command</p></th><th><p>Name</p></th><th><p>Parameters</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>A</p></td><td><p>arcto</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x4 y4) +</p></td><td><p>(x1, y1) and (x2, y2) define the bounding box of an ellipse. A line is then drawn from the current point to the start angle of the arc that is specified by the radial vector of point (x3, y3) and then counter-clockwise to the end-angle that is specified by point (x4, y4).</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>B</p></td><td><p>arc</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x4 y4) +</p></td><td><p>The same as the “A” command, except that an implied moveto to the starting point is done.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C</p></td><td><p>curveto</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x y) +</p></td><td><p>Draws a cubic Bézier curve from the current point to (x,y) using (x1,y1) as the control point at the beginning of the curve and (x2,y2) as the control point at the end of the curve.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>F</p></td><td><p>nofill</p></td><td><p>(none)</p></td><td><p>Specifies that the current set of sub-paths will not be filled.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>L</p></td><td><p>lineto</p></td><td><p>(x y) +</p></td><td><p>Draws a line from the current point to (x, y). If followed by multiple coordinate pairs, they are all interpreted as lineto.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>M</p></td><td><p>moveto</p></td><td><p>(x y) +</p></td><td><p>Start a new sub-path at the given (x,y) coordinate. If a moveto is followed by multiple pairs of coordinates, they are treated as lineto.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>N</p></td><td><p>endpath</p></td><td><p>(none)</p></td><td><p>Ends the current set of sub-paths. The sub-paths will be filled by using the “even-odd” filling rule. Other following subpaths will be filled independently.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>Q</p></td><td><p>quadratic­curveto</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x y)+</p></td><td><p>Draws a quadratic Bézier curve from the current point to (x, y) using (x1, y1) as the control point. (x, y) becomes the new current point at the end of the command.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>S</p></td><td><p>nostroke</p></td><td><p>(none)</p></td><td><p>Specifies that the current set of sub-paths will not be stroked.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>T</p></td><td><p>angle­ellipseto</p></td><td><p>(x y wR hR t0 t1) +</p></td><td><p>Draws a segment of an ellipse.  The ellipse is specified by the center(x, y), the width 2*wR, the height 2*hR, and the start-angle t0 in degrees and end-angle t1 in degrees. The segment is drawn clockwise.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U</p></td><td><p>angle­ellipse</p></td><td><p>(x y wR hR t0 t1) +</p></td><td><p>The same as the “T” command, except that an implied moveto to the starting point is done.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>V</p></td><td><p>clockwise­arc</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x y)+</p></td><td><p>The same as the “A” command, except that an implied moveto to the starting point is done and the arc is drawn clockwise.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>W</p></td><td><p>clockwise­arcto</p></td><td><p>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x y) +</p></td><td><p>The same as the “A” command except, that the arc is drawn clockwise.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>elliptical­quatrantx</p></td><td><p>(x y) +</p></td><td><p>Draws a quarter ellipse, whose initial segment is tangential to the x-axis from the current point to (x, y). For each additional quarter ellipse command, the axis to which the segment is tangential to switches from x to y and from y to x.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>Y</p></td><td><p>elliptical­quadranty</p></td><td><p>(x y) +</p></td><td><p>Draws a quarter ellipse, whose initial segment is tangential to the y-axis from the current point to (x, y). For each additional quarter ellipse command, the axis to which the segment is tangential to switches from y to x and from x to y </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>Z</p></td><td><p>closepath</p></td><td><p>(none)</p></td><td><p>Close the current sub-path by drawing a straight line from the current point to current sub-path&#039;s initial point.</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note: The value of the draw:enhanced-path attribute is based upon [SVG] §8.3.</p>
<p>The draw:enhanced-path attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:enhanced-path attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:engine</h2>
<p>The draw:engine attribute specifies the name of a specific rendering engine that can be used to render a custom shape. </p>
<p>The value of the draw:engine attribute shall not influence the geometry of a shape. </p>
<p>The draw:engine attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1.</p>
<p>The draw:engine attribute has the data type namespacedToken 18.3.19.</p>
<h2>draw:escape-direction</h2>
<p>The draw:escape-direction attribute specifies the direction in which a connection line leaves a drawing object if a connector connects to a glue point. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:escape-direction attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: the connection line may leave in all four directions from a drawing object.</p></li>
<li><p>down: the connection line leaves down from a drawing object.</p></li>
<li><p>horizontal: the connection line may leave to the left or to the right of a drawing object.</p></li>
<li><p>left: the connection line leaves to the left of a drawing object.</p></li>
<li><p>right: the connection line leaves to the right of a drawing object.</p></li>
<li><p>up: the connection line leaves up from a drawing object.</p></li>
<li><p>vertical: the connection line may leave up or down from a drawing object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:escape-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:escape-direction attribute are auto, left, right, up, down, horizontal or vertical.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion attribute specifies if an extrusion is displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: extrusion is not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: extrusion is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-allowed</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-allowed attribute specifies whether a shape can be rendered as an extrusion object.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-allowed attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: shape cannot be rendered as an extrusion object.</p></li>
<li><p>true: shape can be rendered as an extrusion object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-allowed attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-allowed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-brightness</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-brightness attribute specifies the brightness of a scene.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 33%.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-brightness attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-brightness attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-color</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-color attribute specifies if an extrusion color is used. The extrusion color is defined by the draw:secondary-fill-color 20.157 attribute specified in a custom shape&#039;s graphic style.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-color attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: extrusion color is not used.</p></li>
<li><p>true: extrusion color is used.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-color attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-depth</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-depth attribute specifies the depth of an extrusion. It takes two white space separated values. The first value specifies the depth of the extrusion in units, the second value specifies the fraction of the extrusion that lies before a shape. The second value shall be in the range [0,1]. A value of 0 is the default.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 36pt 0.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-depth attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-depth attribute has two white space separated values. The first value is of type length 18.3.18. The second value is of type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-diffusion</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-diffusion attribute specifies the amount of diffusion reflected by a shape.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0%.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-diffusion attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-diffusion attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-first-light-direction</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-direction attribute specifies the direction of the first light.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is (5 0 1).</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-direction attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh attribute specifies if the first light is harsh.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the light is not harsh. The means by which the light is softened is implementation-defined.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the light is harsh. The light is an undiffused point source.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-first-light-level</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-level attribute specifies the intensity of the first light.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 66%.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-first-light-level attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-light-face</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-light-face attribute specifies if the front face of an extrusion responds to lighting changes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-light-face attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: front face of extrusion does not respond to lighting changes.</p></li>
<li><p>true: front face of extrusion responds to lighting changes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-light-face attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-light-face attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-metal</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-metal attribute specifies the shading of an extruded shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-metal attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the specular color for the shading of an extruded shape is white.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the specular color for the shading of an extruded shape is gray (red green and blue values of 200) instead of white and 15% is added to the specularity.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-metal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-metal attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments attribute specifies the number of line segments that should be used to display curved surfaces.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 30.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-origin</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-origin attribute specifies the point of origin of a shape within its bounding box in shape-size fractions. The value of the draw:extrusion-origin attribute consists of two parameters separated by white space.</p>
<p>The first parameter represents the horizontal origin of a shape. </p>
<p>The defined values for the first parameter of the draw:extrusion-origin attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>-0.5: represents the left side of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>0: represents the center of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>0.5: represents the right side of the shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The second parameter represents the vertical origin of a shape. </p>
<p>The defined values for the second parameter of the draw:extrusion-origin attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>-0.5: represents the top side of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>0: represents the center of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>0.5: represents the bottom side of the shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.5 -0.5.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-origin attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-origin attribute has two white space separated values. The first value is a value of type double 18.2 in the range [-0.5,0.5]. The second value is a value of type double 18.2 in the range [-0.5,0.5].</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-rotation-angle</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-angle attribute specifies rotation about an x-axis and y-axis. The values are separated by a white space. The first angle specifies rotation on the x-axis and the second angle specifies rotation on the y-axis. z-axis is specified by the draw:transform 19.228 attribute on the &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1 element.</p>
<p>The order of the rotation is: z-axis, y-axis and then x-axis.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0 0.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-angle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-angle attribute has two white space separated values. The first value is of type angle 18.3.1. The second value is of type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-rotation-center</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-center attribute specifies the position of a rotation center in shape-size fractions. If the draw:extrusion-rotation-center attribute is omitted, the geometric center of the shape is used as the rotation center.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-center attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-rotation-center attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-second-light-direction</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-direction attribute specifies the direction of the second light.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is (-5 0 1).</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-direction attribute has the data type vector3D 18.3.40.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh attribute specifies if the second light is harsh.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the light is not harsh. The means by which the light is softened is implementation-defined.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the light is harsh. The light is an undiffused point source.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-second-light-level</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-level attribute specifies the intensity of the second light.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 66%.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-second-light-level attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-shininess</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-shininess attribute specifies the reflectivity of a mirror.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 50%.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-shininess attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-shininess attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-skew</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-skew attribute specifies the skew amount and skew angle of an extrusion. Skew settings are only applied if the dr3d:projection 19.102 attribute on the same element has the value parallel.</p>
<p>The attribute value is a white space separated number and angle. The first value defines the skew amount in percent, the second value defines the skew angle.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 50 45.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-skew attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-skew attribute has two white space separated values. The first value is of type double 18.2. The second value is of type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-specularity</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-specularity attribute specifies the specularity of an extrusion object.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0%.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-specularity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-specularity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:extrusion-viewpoint</h2>
<p>The draw:extrusion-viewpoint attribute specifies the viewpoint of an observer as a 3D point. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is (3.5cm -3.5cm 25cm).</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-viewpoint attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:extrusion-viewpoint attribute has the data type point3D 18.3.24.</p>
<h2>draw:filter-name</h2>
<p>The draw:filter-name attribute specifies the implementation-dependent filter name that has been used to load an image into the document. </p>
<p>The draw:filter-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4.</p>
<p>The draw:filter-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:formula</h2>
<p>The draw:formula attribute specifies an equation that should be used to evaluate a value. </p>
<p>The value of a draw:formula attribute can have one of the following parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A &quot;?&quot; (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a formula name. The result of the &lt;draw:equation&gt; element&#039;s draw:formula attribute whose draw:name 19.197 attribute is the formula name used as the value. </p></li>
<li><p>If ”$” (U +0024) precedes an integer value, the value is an index to a draw:modifiers 19.196 attribute. The corresponding modifier value is used as value. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>formula::=additive_expression</p>
<p>identifier::= &#039;pi&#039; | &#039;left&#039; | &#039;top&#039; | &#039;right&#039; | &#039;bottom&#039; | &#039;xstretch&#039;</p>
<p>	| &#039;ystretch&#039; | &#039;hasstroke&#039; | &#039;hasfill&#039; | &#039;width&#039; | &#039;height&#039; | &#039;logwidth&#039;</p>
<p>	| &#039;logheight&#039;</p>
<p>unary_function::= &#039;abs&#039; | &#039;sqrt&#039; | &#039;sin&#039; | &#039;cos&#039; | &#039;tan&#039; | &#039;atan&#039;</p>
<p>binary_function::= &#039;min&#039; | &#039;max&#039; | &#039;atan2&#039;</p>
<p>ternary_function::= &#039;if&#039;</p>
<p>basic_expression::= number</p>
<p>	| identifier</p>
<p>	| function_reference</p>
<p>	| modifier_reference</p>
<p>	| unary_function S* &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<p>	| binary_function S* &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;,&#039; S*</p>
<p>		additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<p>	| ternary_function S* &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;,&#039; S*</p>
<p>		additive_expression S* &#039;,&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<p>	| &#039;(&#039; S* additive_expression S* &#039;)&#039;</p>
<p>unary_expression::= &#039;-&#039; S* basic_expression | basic_expression</p>
<p>multiplicative_expression::= unary_expression 	( ( S* &#039;*&#039; S* unary_expression )</p>
<p>	| ( S* &#039;/&#039; S* unary_expression ) )*</p>
<p>additive_expression::= multiplicative_expression</p>
<p>	( ( S* &#039;+&#039; S* multiplicative_expression )</p>
<p>	| ( S* &#039;-&#039; S* multiplicative_expression ) )*</p>
<p>number::= sign? Integer | sign? Floating-point-constant</p>
<p>function_reference::= &quot;?&quot; name</p>
<p>modifier_reference::= &quot;$&quot; integer</p>
<p>floating-point-constant::= fractional-constant exponent? | integer exponent</p>
<p>fractional-constant::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039;</p>
<p>exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? Integer</p>
<p>sign::= &#039;+&#039; | &#039;-&#039;</p>
<p>name::= [^#x20#x9]+</p>
<p>integer::= [0-9]+</p>
<p>S::= (#x20 | #x9)</p>
<p>Table 11 - Enhanced geometry equation identifiers</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>Identifier</p></td><td><p>Description</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>bottom</p></td><td><p>The bottom position of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>hasfill</p></td><td><p>If the shape has a fill style, a value of 1 is used. If the shape has no fill style, a value of 0 is used. </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>hasstroke</p></td><td><p>If the shape has a line style, a value of 1 is used. If the shape has no line style, a value of 0 is used. </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>height</p></td><td><p>The height of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>left</p></td><td><p>The left position of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>logheight</p></td><td><p>The height in 1/100th mm as specified by the svg:height 19.543 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>logwidth</p></td><td><p>The width in 1/100th mm as specified by the svg:width 19.575 attribute is used. </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>right</p></td><td><p>The right position of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>top</p></td><td><p>The top position of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>width</p></td><td><p>The width of the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>xstretch</p></td><td><p>The value of the draw:path-stretchpoint-x 19.204 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>ystretch</p></td><td><p>The value of the draw:path-stretchpoint-y 19.205 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table 12 - Functions Used in draw:formula</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>Function </p></td><td><p>Description</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>abs(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the absolute value of n</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>sqrt(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the positive square root of n</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>sin(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the trigonometric sine of n, where n is an angle specified in radians</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>cos(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the trigonometric cosine of n, where n is an angle specified in radians</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>tan(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the trigonometric tangent of n, where n is an angle specified in radians</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>atan(n)</p></td><td><p>returns the arc tangent of n in radians </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>min(x,y)</p></td><td><p>returns the smaller of two values </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>max(x,y)</p></td><td><p>returns the greater of two values </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>atan2(y,x)</p></td><td><p>returns the angle in radians of the vector (x,y) with the x-axis </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>if(c,x,y)</p></td><td><p>conditional testing: if c is greater than zero then the result of evaluating x is returned, otherwise the result of evaluating y is returned. </p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The draw:formula attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5.</p>
<p>The draw:formula attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:frame-name</h2>
<p>The draw:frame-name attribute specifies the name of a frame. The name of a frame can be used as a target by hyperlinks.</p>
<p>The draw:frame-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10.</p>
<p>The draw:frame-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:glue-point-leaving-directions</h2>
<p>The draw:glue-point-leaving-directions attribute specifies a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of angles. The angles are listed in the same order as the glue points specified in the draw:glue-points attribute. 19.175</p>
<p>The draw:glue-point-leaving-directions attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:glue-point-leaving-directions attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:glue-point-type</h2>
<p>The draw:glue-point-type attribute specifies a glue point type. If the draw:glue-points 19.175 attribute has a value, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:glue-point-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: there are no glue points, including default glue points.</p></li>
<li><p>rectangle: the middle of each side of the shape bound rectangle specifies an object specific glue point</p></li>
<li><p>segments: a connector will connect with each point of the draw:enhanced-path 19.145 attribute.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The draw:glue-point-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:glue-point-type attribute are none, segments or rectangle.</p>
<h2>draw:glue-points</h2>
<p>The draw:glue-points attribute specifies a list of object-defined glue points. Unlike the user-defined glue points which are defined by the &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; sub-element, the position of an object-defined glue point can be defined using equations and modifiers.</p>
<p>The first parameter specifies the horizontal position of the glue point.</p>
<p>The second parameter specifies the vertical position of the glue point.</p>
<p>Each parameter can be a floating-point number, or it can also have one of the following enhancements:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a formula name. The result of the &lt;draw:equation&gt; element&#039;s draw:formula attribute whose draw:name attribute is the formula name that is used as the value. </p></li>
<li><p>If “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) precedes an integer value, the value is an index to a draw:modifiers attribute. The corresponding modifier value is used as parameter value.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The value of a draw:glue-points attribute is formally defined as:</p>
<p>gluepoints::= gluepointsequence? <br />
gluepointsequence::= gluepoint ( &#039; &#039;+ gluepointsequence )* <br />
glue-point::= position &#039; &#039;+ position <br />
position::= formula | modifier | number <br />
formula::= &#039;?&#039; name <br />
modifier::= &#039;$&#039; integer <br />
number::= sign? float | sign? integer <br />
float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent <br />
fractional::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039; <br />
exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? integer <br />
sign::= &#039;+&#039;| &#039;-&#039; <br />
integer::= [0-9]+ <br />
name ::= [^ ]+ </p>
<p>The draw:glue-points attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:glue-points attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-mirror-horizontal</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-mirror-horizontal attribute specifies if the y position of a handle is mirrored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:handle-mirror-horizontal attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the y position of a handle is not mirrored.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the y position of a handle is mirrored.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-mirror-horizontal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-mirror-horizontal attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-mirror-vertical</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-mirror-vertical attribute specifies if the x position of a handle is mirrored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:handle-mirror-vertical attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the x position of a handle is not mirrored.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the x position of a handle is mirrored.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-mirror-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-mirror-vertical attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-polar</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-polar attribute specifies that a handle is a polar handle. The syntax for this attribute is the same as for the draw:handle-position 19.179 attribute. The first parameter specifies the horizontal center position, the vertical center position is specified by the second parameter. If this attribute is set, the draw:handle-range-x-minimum 19.183, draw:handle-range-x-maximum 19.182, draw:handle-range-y-minimum 19.185 and draw:handle-range-y-maximum 19.184 attributes are ignored, and the draw:handle-radius-range-minimum 19.181 and draw:handle-radius-range-maximum 19.180 attributes are used.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-polar attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-polar attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-position</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-position attribute specifies the position of a handle and consists of two values.</p>
<p>Each value can be a floating-point number or it can have one of the following enhancements:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a formula name. The result of the &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5 element&#039;s draw:formula 19.171 attribute whose draw:name 19.197.8 attribute is the formula name that is used as the value. </p></li>
<li><p>If “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) precedes an integer value, the value is an index to a draw:modifiers 19.196 attribute. The corresponding modifier value is used as parameter value.</p></li>
<li><p>Instead of a number a value can also be one of the following constants:</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Table 13 - Handle position constants</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Constant</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>bottom</p></td><td><p>The bottom coordinate of the view box as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>hasfill</p></td><td><p>If the shape has a fill style, a value of 1 is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>hasstroke</p></td><td><p>If the shape has a line style, a value of 1 is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>height</p></td><td><p>The view box height as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>logheight</p></td><td><p>The height in 1/100th mm as specified by the svg:height 19.543 attribute is used. </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>logwidth</p></td><td><p>The width in 1/100th mm as specified by the svg:width 19.575 attribute is used. </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>left</p></td><td><p>The left coordinate of the view box as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>right</p></td><td><p>The right coordinate of the view box as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>top</p></td><td><p>The top coordinate of the view box as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>width</p></td><td><p>The view box width as specified by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>xstretch</p></td><td><p>The value of the draw:path-stretchpoint-x 19.204 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>ystretch</p></td><td><p>The value of the draw:path-stretchpoint-y 19.205 attribute is used.</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the draw:handle-polar 19.178 attribute is not set, the first parameter of the draw:handle-position attribute specifies the horizontal handle position, the vertical handle position is described by the second parameter. If the draw:handle-polar attribute is set, then a handle is a polar handle and the first parameter of the draw:handle-position attribute specifies the angle (as defined in 18.3.1), the handle radius is specified by the second parameter.</p>
<p>The value of a draw:handle-position attribute is formally defined as:</p>
<p>handleposition ::= position &#039; &#039;+ position <br />
position::= formula | modifier | constant | number <br />
formula::= &#039;?&#039; name <br />
modifier::= &#039;$&#039; integer <br />
constant::= &#039;left&#039; | &#039;top&#039; | &#039;right&#039; | &#039;bottom&#039; | <br />
&#039;xstretch&#039; | &#039;ystretch&#039; | &#039;hasstroke&#039; | &#039;hasfill &#039; | <br />
&#039;width&#039; | &#039;height&#039; | &#039;logwidth&#039; | &#039;logheight&#039; <br />
number::=sign? float | sign? integer <br />
float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent <br />
fractional::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039; <br />
exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? integer <br />
sign::= &#039;+&#039;| &#039;-&#039; <br />
integer::= [0-9]+ <br />
name ::= [^ ]+ </p>
<p>The draw:handle-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-position attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-radius-range-maximum</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-maximum attribute specifies the maximum radius range for a polar handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-radius-range-maximum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-maximum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-maximum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-radius-range-minimum</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-minimum attribute specifies the minimum radius range for a polar handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-radius-range-minimum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-minimum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-radius-range-minimum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-range-x-maximum</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-maximum attribute specifies the horizontal maximum value of the range for movement of a handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-range-x-maximum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-maximum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-maximum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-range-x-minimum</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-minimum attribute specifies the horizontal minimum value of the range of movement of a handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-range-x-minimum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-minimum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-range-x-minimum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-range-y-maximum</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-maximum attribute specifies the vertical maximum value of the range for movement of a handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-range-y-maximum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-maximum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-maximum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-range-y-minimum</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-minimum attribute specifies the vertical minimum value of the range of movement of a handle. The syntax for the value of the draw:handle-range-y-minimum attribute is the same as the draw:handle-position attribute, except that only the first parameter is used. 19.179</p>
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-minimum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-range-y-minimum attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:handle-switched</h2>
<p>The draw:handle-switched attribute specifies if handle directions are swapped if shape height exceeds shape width.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:handle-switched attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: handle directions are not switched when a shape&#039;s height exceeds its width.</p></li>
<li><p>true: handle directions are switched when a shape&#039;s height exceeds it width.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-switched attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:handle&gt; 10.6.3.</p>
<p>The draw:handle-switched attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:id</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The draw:id attribute specifies an identifier for an element.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:id attribute specifies an identifier for a glue point. See 10.3.16. The identifiers 0 to 3 are reserved for the four standard glue points of drawing objects. The glue points are numbered clockwise, starting at the top left corner edge of the shape.</p>
<p>The draw:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16.</p>
<p>The draw:id attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt;, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;, &lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:g&gt;, &lt;draw:line&gt;, &lt;draw:measure&gt;, &lt;draw:page&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; and &lt;office:annotation&gt; Deprecated</h3>
<p>The draw:id attribute specifies identifiers for draw elements.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a draw:id attribute if it occurs on a draw element with an xml:id attribute value.  </p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write draw:id attributes for any draw element in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<p>The value of a draw:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same element. </p>
<p>The draw:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<p>The draw:id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:kind</h2>
<p>The draw:kind attribute specifies the appearance of a circle.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:kind attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>arc: specifies a circle or ellipse arc, like <img src="media/Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="4039" data-pandoc-media-sha1="82fb4b938578f263e9ee9f772719a9b0bbf2786e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="2da37ff58bca9769227fe656efb12cf3e2650030" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />.</p></li>
<li><p>cut: specifies a circle or ellipse with a cut, like <img src="media/Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="4500" data-pandoc-media-sha1="b7dd5059a42707fc5db4b88a1c6dcfe4f7885284" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0d95522ddf89a51044cccaebb9a76ff0f113afa2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />.</p></li>
<li><p>full: specifies a full circle or ellipse, like <img src="media/Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="4547" data-pandoc-media-sha1="929fc743381ea5ca287cb6a1e7dd0298d75f8656" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="55479e6f37913be36abb8cb32618ec7f06e6886a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />.</p></li>
<li><p>section: specifies a section of a circle or ellipse, like <img src="media/Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5931" data-pandoc-media-sha1="6dd293763eb8782a96220d5f592388110a214041" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="8c2a17a93280672075ed5592eeb3e3cb6c40c62e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/svg+xml" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is full.</p>
<p>The draw:kind attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8 and &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:kind attribute are full, section, cut or arc.</p>
<h2>draw:layer</h2>
<p>The draw:layer attribute specifies the name of a layer in the layer-set of a document. </p>
<p>Note: The effect of this attribute is to assign a shape to a particular layer.</p>
<p>The draw:layer attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:layer attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:line-skew</h2>
<p>The draw:line-skew attribute specifies a list of offsets for the placements of connector lines if the connector is of type standard. The offsets are relative to the default position of the connector, that is, the position of the lines if the draw:line-skew attribute is not present. The offsets are applied in the order from the connector&#039;s start to its end shape. The first offset is applied to the line that follows the line that is connected to the start shape. The last line to which an offset is applied is the line that precedes the line that is connected to the end shape.</p>
<p>For the application of the offsets the connector lines are interpreted as vectors from their start to their end point. Positive values move a line to the right, while negative values move it to the left. </p>
<p>The draw:line-skew attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:line-skew attribute are one, two or three white space separated values of type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>draw:mime-type</h2>
<p>The draw:mime-type attribute specifies the MIME type of the media type that a plugin processes, or the MIME type of the image given by a &lt;draw:image&gt; element. Valid values for this attribute are those defined in accordance with §3.7 of [RFC2616], or registered in accordance with [RFC6838]. </p>
<p>Note: Additional information on MIME media types can be found at [MIMETYPES]. </p>
<p>The draw:mime-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4 and &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8.</p>
<p>The draw:mime-type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:mirror-horizontal</h2>
<p>The draw:mirror-horizontal attribute specifies if the horizontal geometry of a shape is to be mirrored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:mirror-horizontal attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: horizontal geometry of a shape is not mirrored.</p></li>
<li><p>true: horizontal geometry of a shape is mirrored.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:mirror-horizontal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:mirror-horizontal attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:mirror-vertical</h2>
<p>The draw:mirror-vertical attribute specifies if the vertical geometry of a shape is to be mirrored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:mirror-vertical attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: vertical geometry of a shape is not mirrored.</p></li>
<li><p>true: vertical geometry of a shape is mirrored.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:mirror-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:mirror-vertical attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:master-page-name</h2>
<p>The draw:master-page-name attribute specifies the name of a master page assigned to a drawing page.</p>
<p>The draw:master-page-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4.</p>
<p>The draw:master-page-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>draw:may-script</h2>
<p>The draw:may-script attribute specifies whether an applet can be modified by scripts. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:may-script attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: applet cannot be modified by scripts.</p></li>
<li><p>true: applet can be modified by scripts.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:may-script attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7.</p>
<p>The draw:may-script attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:modifiers</h2>
<p>The draw:modifiers attribute contains list of modifier values. </p>
<p>The value of a draw:modifiers attribute is formally defined as:</p>
<p>modifiers::= numbersequence? <br />
numbersequence::= number ( &#039; &#039;+ numbersequence )* <br />
number::= sign? float | sign? integer <br />
float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent <br />
fractional::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039; <br />
exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? integer <br />
sign::= &#039;+&#039;| &#039;-&#039; <br />
integer::= [0-9]+ </p>
<p>The draw:modifiers attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:modifiers attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies names that are used for referencing graphical elements. </p>
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:caption&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:circle&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:connector&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:control&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:control&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:equation&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:frame&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:g&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:g&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:hatch&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:layer&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:line&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:line&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:marker&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:marker&gt; 16.42.8.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:measure&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:page&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:page&gt; element can be referenced. The name shall be unique within the document instance. If the attribute is not present, a consumer may generate a unique name. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:param&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies the name of a run-time parameter. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:param&gt; 10.4.9.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:path&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:path&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:polygon&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:polyline&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:rect&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name for an &lt;office:annotation&gt; element.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has been deprecated in favor of the office:name attribute. </p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>SVG gradients are referenced by the name assigned to them by use of the draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120 attribute within a graphic style. SVG gradients cannot be referenced by a draw:opacity-name 20.153 attribute. The result of referencing a SVG gradient with a draw:fill-gradient-name attribute and an opacity gradient with a draw:opacity-name attribute at the same time is unspecified.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:name attribute specifies a name by which a &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; element can be referenced. </p>
<p>SVG gradients are referenced by the name assigned to them by use of the draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120 attribute within a graphic style. SVG gradients cannot be referenced by a draw:opacity-name 20.153 attribute. The result of referencing a SVG gradient with a draw:fill-gradient-name attribute and an opacity gradient with a draw:opacity-name attribute at the same time is unspecified.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The draw:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<h2>draw:nav-order</h2>
<p>The draw:nav-order attribute defines a navigation sequence for the graphical elements included in a &lt;draw:page&gt; element. Its value is a sequence of IDREFs. It shall include all graphic elements in the page that are not contained within a &lt;draw:g&gt; element. Any &lt;draw:g&gt; elements are included in that list as a single graphical element. </p>
<p>The value of this attribute is the ordering of graphics as set by the document author.</p>
<p>Note: The ordering within any &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15 element is set by the value of its draw:z-index 19.231 attribute. </p>
<p>The draw:nav-order attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4.</p>
<p>The draw:nav-order attribute has the data type IDREFS 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:nohref</h2>
<p>The draw:nohref attribute specifies that an image map element and its associated area are inactive.</p>
<p>The draw:nohref attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5 and &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<p>The only value of the draw:nohref attribute is nohref.</p>
<h2>draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges</h2>
<p>The draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges attribute specifies that a &lt;draw:object&gt; will be notified if content within a given ranges changes. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>a list of cell ranges.</p></li>
<li><p>a table name.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If a table name is specified, the &lt;draw:object&gt; element is notified if any of the table&#039;s cells change. </p>
<p>The draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges attribute are a value of type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6 or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:object</h2>
<p>The draw:object attribute is equivalent to the object attribute of an &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. See. §13.4 of [HTML4].</p>
<p>The draw:object attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7.</p>
<p>The draw:object attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:opacity</h2>
<p>The draw:opacity attribute specifies the opacity for an image or graphic object. The defined value range for the draw:opacity attribute is 0% to 100%, where 0% is fully transparent and 100% is fully opaque.</p>
<p>Use of the draw:opacity attribute disables any transparency effect and set the opacity for the fill area of a graphic object.</p>
<p>The draw:opacity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<p>The draw:opacity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:page-number</h2>
<p>The draw:page-number attribute specifies the number of a page that is displayed as a thumbnail. For thumbnails on notes pages, the value of this attribute is fixed to the drawing page of a notes page. For thumbnails on handout master pages, the value of this attribute is the order in which the pages are previewed on the handout.</p>
<p>The draw:page-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<p>The draw:page-number attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</h2>
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-x attribute specifies that a drawing shape is stretched horizontally. </p>
<p>If specified, and if the x/y aspect ratio of the svg:viewBox 19.574 is lower than the x/y aspect ratio of the shape size then the whole path is stretched horizontally at draw:path-stretchpoint-x. </p>
<p>Stretching is done by:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>intersecting the path vertically at draw:path-stretchpoint-x.</p></li>
<li><p>moving the right path fragments to the right border of the drawing shape, using its original aspect ratio. The left path fragment remains unmodified at the left border of drawing the shape </p></li>
</ol>
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-x attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</h2>
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-y attribute specifies that a drawing shape is stretched vertically. If the x/y aspect ratio of the svg:viewBox 19.574 is greater than the x/y aspect ratio of the shape size then the whole path is stretched vertically at draw:path-stretchpoint-y. </p>
<p>Stretching is done by: </p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>intersecting the path horizontally at draw:path-stretchpoint-y. </p></li>
<li><p>moving the bottom path fragments to the bottom border of the drawing shape, using its original aspect ratio. </p></li>
</ol>
<p>The top path fragment remains unmodified at the top border of drawing the shape </p>
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:path-stretchpoint-y attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:points</h2>
<p>The draw:points attribute stores a sequence of points, which are connected by straight lines. Each point consists of two coordinates. The coordinates are separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) and the points are separated by white spaces. The coordinates are relative to the coordinate system established by the svg:viewBox 19.574 attribute.</p>
<p>The draw:points attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5 and &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4.</p>
<p>The draw:points attribute has the data type points 18.3.25.</p>
<h2>draw:protected</h2>
<p>The draw:protected attribute specifies if drawing objects in a layer are protected from modification.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:protected attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: objects in a layer are not protected from modification.</p></li>
<li><p>true: objects in a layer are protected from modification.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:layer&gt; 10.2.3.</p>
<p>The draw:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:recreate-on-edit</h2>
<p>The draw:recreate-on-edit attribute specifies if the contour of an image or object should be recreated automatically when the image or object is edited.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:recreate-on-edit attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the contour of an image or object is not recreated automatically if the image or object is edited.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the contour of an image or object is recreated automatically if the image or object is edited.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:recreate-on-edit attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3 and &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2.</p>
<p>The draw:recreate-on-edit attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:rotation</h2>
<p>The draw:rotation attribute specifies the rotation angle of a hatch axis. The direction is clockwise, 0 degrees is the vertical axis. </p>
<p>The draw:rotation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<p>The draw:rotation attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>draw:shape-id</h2>
<p>The draw:shape-id attribute identifies the shape to which an effect defined by a presentation shape effect element is applied.</p>
<p>The draw:shape-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:dim&gt; 10.8.7, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:play&gt; 10.8.8, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<p>The draw:shape-id attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:sharpness</h2>
<p>The draw:sharpness attribute is only evaluated for a &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 element that has the attribute draw:concave=&quot;true&quot;. In this case, the outline of the drawing object is based on a basic model of a star-shaped polygon, where the corner points are alternately located on two concentric circles, a primary and a secondary circle. The number of points in the number as specified with the draw:corners 19.128 attribute are evenly distributed on the primary circle. Let <em>M</em> be the center of the circle, and let <em>P</em> and <em>Q</em> be two adjacent points on the primary circle, and <em>R</em> the center of the shorter of the two arcs <em>PQ</em>. Now find the point <em>T</em> with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="italic">MT</mi><mo stretchy="true">⃗</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="italic">MR</mi><mo stretchy="true">⃗</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">widevec MT = widevec MR cdot ( 1-s% )</annotation></semantics></math> on the connecting line of points M and R, where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>s</mi><mtext>%</mtext></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">s"%"</annotation></semantics></math> is the value of the draw:sharpness attribute. The radius of the secondary circle is such that T lies on this secondary circle. The points <em>P</em> and <em>T</em> and the points <em>T</em> and <em>Q</em> are then connected by straight sections. With an odd value of draw:corners the first corner point is located at top of the primary circle, with an even value at top of the secondary circle.</p>
<p>Note: The drawing object has twice as many corners points in all as specified in the attribute draw:corners.</p>
<p>The value <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>s</mi><mtext>%</mtext></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">s"%"</annotation></semantics></math> of the draw:sharpness attribute is a percent value. The special case 0% means that primary and secondary circle are identical. The special case 100% means that the secondary circle degenerates to a point, the center point of the polygon. The value of the draw:sharpness attribute may be negative and may be greater than 100%. Note that for small absolute value of the draw:sharpness attribute, the described polygon is in fact convex.</p>
<p>The basic model is scaled—thereby the circle might become an ellipse, so that the bounding box of the polygon has the width and height as specified in the svg:width 19.575 and svg:height 19.543 attributes of the &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; element.</p>
<p><img src="media/Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-type="application/octet-stream" data-pandoc-media-bytes="403348" data-pandoc-media-sha1="2959d21e60430c74c07369aa54fa9ac9de20cf16" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="f1387f7a7dc858e81f570df74ec46866f8cca78d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="application/octet-stream" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />Note: Because of intercept theorems the equation <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="italic">MT</mi><mo stretchy="true">⃗</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="italic">MR</mi><mo stretchy="true">⃗</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">widevec {MT} = widevec {MR} cdot left(1-s"%" right)</annotation></semantics></math> is valid for the scaled outline too.</p>
<p>The draw:sharpness attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The draw:sharpness attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:start</h2>
<p>The draw:start attribute specifies the start value for the &lt;draw:opacity&gt; element, which interpolates between the value of this attribute and draw:end 19.139. The defined value range for the draw:start attribute is 0% to 100%, where 0% is transparent and 100% is opaque.</p>
<p>The draw:start attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<p>The draw:start attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:start-angle</h2>
<p>The draw:start-angle attribute specifies the start angle of a section, cut, or arc for circles where the draw:kind 19.188 attribute value is section, cut or arc. </p>
<p>The draw:start-angle attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8 and &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<p>The draw:start-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>draw:start-color</h2>
<p>The draw:start-color attributes specifies the start value for the &lt;draw:gradient&gt; element, which interpolates between the value of this attribute and draw:end-color 19.141.</p>
<p>The draw:start-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<p>The draw:start-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>draw:start-glue-point</h2>
<p>The draw:start-glue-point attribute identifies the glue point in a shape where a connector starts by its number. See 10.3.16. Glue point numbers are defined by the draw:id attributes of the glue point elements &lt;draw:glue-point&gt;. See 19.187.</p>
<p>If the connector is not connected to a shape, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>The draw:start-glue-point attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<p>The draw:start-glue-point attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:start-intensity</h2>
<p>The draw:start-intensity attribute specifies the intensity of the gradient&#039;s start color as a percentage value. If it is not specified, the color is used at 100% intensity. The defined value range for the draw:start-intensity attribute is 0% to 100%.</p>
<p>The draw:start-intensity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<p>The draw:start-intensity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:start-shape</h2>
<p>The draw:start-shape attribute specifies a drawing shape to which the start of a connector is connected by its ID.</p>
<p>The draw:start-shape attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<p>The draw:start-shape attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:style</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The draw:style attribute specifies the rendering of graphic objects. </p>
<h3>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style attribute specifies a rendering for a gradient. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:style attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>axial: defines a bi-linear gradient that is also known as a reflected gradient or mirrored linear gradient. It is created as a linear gradient that is mirrored (or reflected) along its axis.</p></li>
<li><p>ellipsoid: defines a gradient where the colors are blend along the radius from the center of an ellipsoid as defined by the draw:cx 19.129 and draw:cy 19.130 attributes. The length of the semi major-axis is the width of the filled area and the length of the semi-minor axis is the height of the filled area. The area outside the ellipse is filled with the end color. </p></li>
<li><p>linear: defines a gradient where the colors blend along the linear axis of the gradient. The axis of the gradient is specified with the draw:angle 19.112 attribute clockwise to the vertical axis.</p></li>
<li><p>radial: defines a gradient where the colors are blend along the radius from the center of a circle as defined with the draw:cx and draw:cy attributes. The outside of the circle is filled with the end color.</p></li>
<li><p>rectangle: defines a gradient that produces a rectangular blend from the center of the rectangle to the shortest of the 4 borders. The center of the rectangle is defined with the attributes draw:cx and draw:cy. The width of the rectangle is the width of the filled area, the height of the rectangle is the height of the filled area. The outside of the square is filled with the end color. </p></li>
<li><p>square: defines a gradient that produces a square blend, imitating the visual perspective in a corridor or the aerial view of a pyramid. Also known as &quot;box gradient&quot; and &quot;pyramidal gradient&quot;. The center of the square is defined with the draw:cx and draw:cy attributes. The width and height of the square is the minimum value of either the width or the height of the filled area. The outside of the square is filled with the end color. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:style attribute are linear, axial, radial, ellipsoid, square or rectangular.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style attribute specifies a rendering for a hatch. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:style attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>double: defines a hatch that is made of a set of parallel lines along the axis of the hatch and a set of parallel lines perpendicular to the axis of the hatch. </p></li>
<li><p>single: defines a hatch that is made of parallel lines along the axis of the hatch. </p></li>
<li><p>triple: defines a hatch that is made of a set of parallel lines along the axis of the hatch, a set of parallel lines perpendicular to the axis of the hatch and a set of lines along 45 degree clockwise to the axis of the hatch. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:hatch&gt; 16.42.5.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:style attribute are single, double or triple.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style attribute specifies the transparency of a graphic object.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:style attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>axial: 19.218.2</p></li>
<li><p>ellipsoid: 19.218.2</p></li>
<li><p>linear: 19.218.2</p></li>
<li><p>rectangle: 19.218.2</p></li>
<li><p>square: 19.218.2</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The transparency of an object is blended in contrast to the blending of colors described for draw:style on &lt;draw:gradient&gt;.</p>
<p>The draw:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:opacity&gt; 16.42.7.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:style attribute are linear, axial, radial, ellipsoid, square or rectangular.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style attribute specifies a rendering for a stroke-dash. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a shape if its style does not contain an svg:stroke-linecap 20.171 attribute.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:style attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>rect: dash has a rectangular shape. </p></li>
<li><p>round: dash has a round shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:style attribute are rect or round.</p>
<h2>draw:style-name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 element whose whose style:family 19.480 attribute value varies depending upon the element where it appears. </p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:control&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:g&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:line&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:page&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:path&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute specifies the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; element with a style:family attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The draw:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>draw:text-areas</h2>
<p>The draw:text-areas attribute specifies up to two text areas. If the attribute specifies one text area, this text area is used to position and align the text. If the attribute specifies two text areas, the second text area is used if a style that is assigned to the text has a style:writing-mode 20.404 attribute with value tb-rl or tb. Otherwise, the first text area is used. If the draw:text-areas attribute is omitted, the entire area of the shape is used to position and align the text. </p>
<p>An area consists of four parameters:</p>
<p>The first parameter specifies the left side of a text area.</p>
<p>The second parameter specifies the top side of a text area.</p>
<p>The third parameter specifies the right side of a text area.</p>
<p>The fourth parameter specifies the bottom side of a text area.</p>
<p>A parameter can also have one of the following enhancements:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a formula name. The result of the &lt;draw:equation&gt; 10.2.5 element&#039;s draw:formula 19.171 attribute whose draw:name 19.197 attribute is the formula name that is used as the value. </p></li>
<li><p>If “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) precedes an integer value, the value is an index to a draw:modifiers 19.196 attribute. The corresponding modifier value is used as the parameter value.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The value of a draw:text-areas attribute is formally defined as:</p>
<p>textareas::= textareasequence <br />
textareasequence ::= textarea ( &#039; &#039;+ textarea )? <br />
textarea::= position &#039; &#039;+ position &#039; &#039;+ position &#039; &#039;+ position <br />
position::= formula | modifier | number <br />
formula::= &#039;?&#039; name <br />
modifier::= &#039;$&#039; integer <br />
number::= sign? float | sign? integer <br />
float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent <br />
fractional::= integer? &#039;.&#039; integer | integer &#039;.&#039; <br />
exponent::= ( &#039;e&#039; | &#039;E&#039; ) sign? integer <br />
sign::= &#039;+&#039;| &#039;-&#039; <br />
integer::= [0-9]+ <br />
name ::= [^ ]+ </p>
<p>The draw:text-areas attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:text-areas attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:text-path</h2>
<p>The draw:text-path attribute specifies if text is displayed on a text path.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:text-path attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text is not displayed on a text path.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text is displayed on a text path.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:text-path attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:text-path attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:text-path-allowed</h2>
<p>The draw:text-path-allowed attribute specifies whether the user interface of a consumer that supports the draw:text-path 19.221 attribute should allow modification of the value of the draw:text-path attribute. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:text-path-allowed attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the value of the draw:text-path attribute should not be modifiable by the user interface.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the value of the draw:text-path attribute should be modifiable by the user interface.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:text-path-allowed attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:text-path-allowed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:text-path-mode</h2>
<p>The draw:text-path-mode attribute specifies how text is drawn on a path.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:text-path-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>normal: text is drawn along the path without scaling;</p></li>
<li><p>path: text is fitted to a path;</p></li>
<li><p>shape: text is fitted to the bounding box of a shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is normal.</p>
<p>The draw:text-path-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:text-path-mode attribute are normal, path or shape.</p>
<h2>draw:text-path-same-letter-heights</h2>
<p>The draw:text-path-same-letter-heights attribute specifies if all letters in a custom shape have the same height.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:text-path-same-letter-heights attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: letters in a custom shape need not have the same height.</p></li>
<li><p>true: letters in a custom shape have the same height.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The draw:text-path-same-letter-heights attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:text-path-same-letter-heights attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:text-path-scale</h2>
<p>The draw:text-path-scale attribute specifies the scaling of a text path.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:text-path-scale attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>path: text scaling is determined by the length of the path from the draw:enhanced-path 19.145 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>shape: text scaling is determined by the width of a shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is path.</p>
<p>The draw:text-path-scale attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:text-path-scale attribute are path or shape.</p>
<h2>draw:text-rotate-angle</h2>
<p>The draw:text-rotate-angle attribute specifies the angle by which text within a custom shape is rotated in addition to the rotation included in the shape&#039;s draw:transform 19.228 attribute. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<p>The draw:text-rotate-angle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The draw:text-rotate-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>draw:text-style-name</h2>
<p>The draw:text-style-name attribute specifies a style for formatting of text in a shape.</p>
<p>The value of this attribute is the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 element with a style:family 19.480 attribute value of paragraph.</p>
<p>The draw:text-style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:text-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>draw:transform</h2>
<p>The draw:transform attribute specifies a list of transformations that can be applied to a drawing shape. </p>
<p>The value of this attribute is a list of transform definitions, which are applied to the drawing shape in the order in which they are listed. The transform definitions in the list shall be separated by a white space and/or a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). Unless otherwise stated, the parameters of the transform definitions are double values (18.2) </p>
<p>The defined transforms are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>matrix(<em>&lt;a&gt;</em> <em>&lt;b&gt;</em> <em>&lt;c&gt;</em> <em>&lt;d&gt;</em> <em>&lt;e&gt;</em> <em>&lt;f&gt;</em>), specifies a transformation in the form of a transformation matrix of six values. &quot;The values describe a standard 3x2 homogeneous transformation matrix in column-major order, where the right column (<em>&lt;e&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;f&gt;</em>) describes the translation. </p></li>
<li><p>rotate(<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em>), specifies a rotation by <em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees about the origin of the shape’s coordinate system.</p></li>
<li><p>scale(<em>&lt;sx&gt;</em> [<em>&lt;sy&gt;</em>]), specifies a scale operation by <em>&lt;sx&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;sy&gt;</em>. If <em>&lt;sy&gt;</em> is not provided, it is assumed to be equal to <em>&lt;sx&gt;</em>.</p></li>
<li><p>skewX(&lt;<em>skew-angle&gt;</em>), specifies a skew transformation by <em>&lt;skew-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the x-axis.</p></li>
<li><p>skewY(<em>&lt;skew-angle&gt;</em>), specifies a skew transformation by <em>&lt;skew-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the y-axis.</p></li>
<li><p>translate(<em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> [<em>&lt;ty&gt;</em>]), specifies a translation by <em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;ty&gt;,</em> where <em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;ty&gt;</em> are lengths (18.3.18). If <em>&lt;ty&gt;</em> is not provided, it is assumed to be zero.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:transform attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:transform attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:type</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The draw:type attribute specifies a drawing type. </p>
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:type attribute specifies the line or series of lines that connect two glue points.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>curve: a curve connector draws a single curved line between the two glue points of the connected objects.</p></li>
<li><p>line: a line connector draws one straight line between the two glue points of the connected objects.</p></li>
<li><p>lines: a lines connector leaves two connecting objects with straight lines and connects them with a straight (not necessarily perpendicular) line.</p></li>
<li><p>standard: a standard connector leaves two connecting objects with straight lines and connects them with one or more straight perpendicular lines that do not intersect the connected shapes&#039; bounding boxes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;draw:connector&gt; element the default value for this attribute is standard.</p>
<p>The draw:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:type attribute are standard, lines, line or curve.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</h3>
<p>The draw:type attribute specifies the name of a shape type that is rendering engine dependent. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>non-primitive: no shape type is available.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type string: a rendering-engine-specific name of a shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The value of this attribute shall not influence the geometry of the shape.</p>
<p>Note: The shape type can be used to offer specialized user interfaces for classes of shapes, for example for arrows, smileys, etc.</p>
<p>For a &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; element the default value for this attribute is non-primitive.</p>
<p>The draw:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:type attribute are non-primitive or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:value</h2>
<p>The draw:value attribute specifies the value of a run-time parameter specified by a draw:name 19.197 attribute.</p>
<p>The draw:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:param&gt; 10.4.9.</p>
<p>The draw:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:z-index</h2>
<p>The draw:z-index attribute defines a rendering order for shapes in a document instance. In the absence of this attribute, shapes are rendered in the order in which they appear in the document.</p>
<p>The draw:z-index values increase from back to front.</p>
<p>For a shape on which the style:run-through 20.351 attribute with value foreground is in effect, producers should not generate a draw:z-index value that is smaller than the value of any draw:z-index on a shape on which the style:run-through attribute with value background is in effect.</p>
<p>Producers shall not generate a draw:z-index for shapes that are children of a &lt;draw:g&gt; element 10.3.15 or a &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; element 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The draw:z-index attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The draw:z-index attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>fo:column-count</h2>
<p>The fo:column-count attribute specifies the number of columns in a section.</p>
<p>The fo:column-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12.</p>
<p>The fo:column-count attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>fo:column-gap</h2>
<p>The fo:column-gap attribute specifies the gap between columns for &lt;style:columns&gt; elements that do not contain individual &lt;style:column&gt; elements. </p>
<p>Note: This attribute has the same name as an [XSL] property but it is attached to a different element.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:column-gap attribute does not support inherit and percentage values. </p>
<p>The fo:column-gap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:columns&gt; 17.12.</p>
<p>The fo:column-gap attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>fo:country</h2>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The fo:country attribute specifies the country code used for sorting an alphabetical index.</p>
<p>The fo:country attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The fo:country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The fo:country attribute specifies the country code used for sorting a bibliographic index.</p>
<p>The fo:country attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<p>The fo:country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<h2>fo:end-indent</h2>
<p>The fo:end-indent attribute specifies the right space of a column. Together with the fo:start-indent attribute of an immediately adjacent and following column, it establishes the gap between the columns. 19.245</p>
<p>See §7.10.8 of [XSL].</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:end-indent attribute does not support inherit and percentage values. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<p>The fo:end-indent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13.</p>
<p>The fo:end-indent attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>fo:language</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>See §7.9.2 of [XSL]. Compared to the XSL language attribute, the value range of this attribute is extended to additional parts of ISO 639. </p>
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a fo:country 20.188 attribute.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:language attribute does not support inherit and none values. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The fo:language attribute specifies the language code used for sorting an alphabetical index.</p>
<p>The fo:language attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The fo:language attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The fo:language attribute specifies the language code used for sorting a bibliographic index.</p>
<p>The fo:language attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<p>The fo:language attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<h2>fo:margin-left</h2>
<p>See §7.10.3 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:margin-left attribute specifies the left margins for the text lines of a list item. The attribute has the same meaning as the formatting property attribute fo:margin-left. 20.207 Its value is only considered for paragraphs inside a list item whose paragraph styles do not specify a fo:text-indent attribute or a fo:margin-left attribute. </p>
<p>The fo:margin-left attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<p>The fo:margin-left attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>fo:max-height</h2>
<p>See §7.14.6 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:max-height attribute specifies the maximum height of a text box when the minimum height has been set using the fo:min-height 20.212 attribute. When this maximum value is reached, the text box stops increasing in height. The units of measure for this attribute shall match those used for the corresponding fo:min-height attribute.</p>
<p>If the anchor for the text box is in a table cell, a percentage value is relative to the size of the surrounding table cell. If the anchor for the text box is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the size of the surrounding text box. In other cases, percentage values are relative to the width or height of the page or window.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:max-height attribute does not support the none value.</p>
<p>The fo:max-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:max-height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:max-width</h2>
<p>See §7.14.7 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:max-width attribute specifies the maximum width of a text box when the minimum width have been set using the fo:min-width 20.213 attribute. When this maximum value is reached, the text box stops increasing in width. The units of measure for this attribute shall match those used for the corresponding fo:min-width attribute.</p>
<p>If the anchor for the text box is in a table cell, a percentage value is relative to the size of the surrounding table cell. If the anchor for the text box is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the size of the surrounding text box. In other cases, percentage values are relative to the width or height of the page or window.</p>
<p>The fo:max-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:max-width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:min-height</h2>
<p>See §7.14.8 of [XSL].</p>
<p>If set, it overrides the height of a text box specified by the svg:height 19.543 attribute of the surrounding &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 element. </p>
<p>If the anchor for a text box is in a table cell, a percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the text box is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, percentage values are relative to the height of the page or window.</p>
<p>The fo:min-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:min-height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:min-width</h2>
<p>See §7.14.9 of [XSL].</p>
<p>If set, it overrides the width of a text box specified by the svg:width 20.413 attribute of the surrounding &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 element. </p>
<p>If the anchor for a text box is in a table cell, a percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for a text box is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, percentage values are relative to the height of the page or window.</p>
<p>The fo:min-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:min-width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:script</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>See §7.9.3 of [XSL]. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors. The attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a fo:language attribute.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:script attribute does not support inherit and none values. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The fo:script attribute specifies the script code used for sorting an alphabetical index. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>The fo:script attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The fo:script attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The fo:script attribute specifies the script code used for sorting a bibliographic index. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>The fo:script attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<p>The fo:script attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<h2>fo:space-after</h2>
<p>See §7.10.6 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<p>The fo:space-after attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13.</p>
<p>The fo:space-after attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>fo:space-before</h2>
<p>See §7.10.5 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<p>The fo:space-before attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13.</p>
<p>The fo:space-before attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>fo:start-indent</h2>
<p>See §7.10.7 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<p>The fo:start-indent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13.</p>
<p>The fo:start-indent attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>fo:text-indent</h2>
<p>The fo:text-indent attribute specifies the indent for the text lines of a list item. The attribute has the same meaning as the formatting property attribute fo:text-indent. See 20.225 It is used for paragraphs inside list items whose paragraph styles do not specify an fo:text-indent or fo:margin-left attribute. </p>
<p>The value fo:text-indent + fo:margin-left specifies the indent of the first text line of the list item. This position is also the alignment position for the list label, because the value of text:min-label-width is treated as 0. </p>
<p>The fo:text-indent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<p>The fo:text-indent attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>form:allow-deletes</h2>
<p>The form:allow-deletes attribute specifies whether data records can be deleted by a form. It applies only if a form is data-aware.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:allow-deletes attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: records cannot be deleted by a form.</p></li>
<li><p>true: records can be deleted by a form.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The form:allow-deletes attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:allow-deletes attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:allow-inserts</h2>
<p>The form:allow-inserts attribute specifies whether new data records can be inserted by a form. It applies only if the form is data-aware.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:allow-inserts attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: records cannot be inserted by a form.</p></li>
<li><p>true: records can be inserted by a form.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The form:allow-inserts attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:allow-inserts attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:allow-updates</h2>
<p>The form:allow-updates attribute specifies whether data records in the form can be updated. It applies only if the form is data-aware.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:allow-updates attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: records cannot be updated by a form.</p></li>
<li><p>true: records can be updated by a form.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The form:allow-updates attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:allow-updates attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:apply-design-mode</h2>
<p>The form:apply-design-mode attribute specifies whether forms are presented in editable or non-editable state.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: forms in document presented in completed state </p></li>
<li><p>true: forms in document presented in editable state </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The form:apply-design-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2.</p>
<p>The form:apply-design-mode attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:apply-filter</h2>
<p>The form:apply-filter attribute specifies whether the filter clause specified by the form:filter 19.273 attribute is applied to the SQL command constituting the form&#039;s result set. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:apply-filter attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the filter clause specified by the form:filter attribute is not applied to the SQL command constituting the form&#039;s result set.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the filter clause specified by the form:filter attribute is applied to the SQL command constituting the form&#039;s result set.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:apply-filter attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:apply-filter attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:auto-complete</h2>
<p>The form:auto-complete attribute specifies , when the user enters text in the combo box that matches the beginning of a list item in the combo box, whether the consumer completes the text with the matched item. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:auto-complete attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: completion of text is not enabled.</p></li>
<li><p>true: completion of text is enabled.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The form:auto-complete attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11.</p>
<p>The form:auto-complete attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:automatic-focus</h2>
<p>The form:automatic-focus attribute specifies whether the consumer loading the document should set the focus to a form control.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:automatic-focus attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the consumer does not set the focus to a form control, but to the document view. In this case, the user can start editing the document content. </p></li>
<li><p>true: the consumer sets the focus to a form control after loading the document. In this case, the user can immediately start editing the form control content. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: If the &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2 element and its sub-elements define multiple form controls, it is not defined as to which form control receives focus.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:automatic-focus attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:forms&gt; 13.2.</p>
<p>The form:automatic-focus attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:bound-column</h2>
<p>The form:bound-column attribute specifies the column values of the list source result set that are used to fill the data field values. </p>
<p>The form:list-source and form:list-source-type attributes together define an SQL command to execute against the database to which the control&#039;s form is bound. The result set of the execution of this SQL command is the list source result set. </p>
<p>The form:bound-column attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<p>The form:bound-column attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:button-type</h2>
<p>The form:button-type attribute specifies the type of a button. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:button-type attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>push: pressing the button does not perform any action by default. A user can add scripts to a button and the script will run when the button is pressed.</p></li>
<li><p>reset: pressing the button resets every control in the form to its default value.</p></li>
<li><p>submit: pressing the button submits the form.</p></li>
<li><p>url: pressing the button loads the IRI that is specified in the xlink:href 19.916 attribute.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is push.</p>
<p>The form:button-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15 and &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16.</p>
<p>The values of the form:button-type attribute are submit, reset, push or url.</p>
<h2>form:command</h2>
<p>The form:command attribute specifies a command to execute on a data source.</p>
<p>The value is interpreted differently, depending to the value of the form:command-type 19.257 attribute of the form. </p>
<p>The form:command attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:command attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:command-type</h2>
<p>The form:command-type attribute specifies the type of command to execute on a data source. </p>
<p>The defined values of the form:command-type attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>command: the command contains an SQL statement. The form executes the SQL statement.</p></li>
<li><p>query: the command contains the name of query. The form retrieves the query and executes its SQL statement.</p></li>
<li><p>table: the command contains a table name. The form executes an SQL statement that retrieves all of the data in the table.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The attribute value query is only meaningful if the form:datasource 19.264 attribute specifies a data source name or a database front-end document.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is command.</p>
<p>The form:command-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The values of the form:command-type attribute are table, query or command.</p>
<h2>form:control-implementation</h2>
<p>The form:control-implementation attribute specifies a rendition or implementation of a control that should be created. If the consumer supports the form element this attribute is used with, but does not support the specific concrete rendition or implementation, the consumer shall ignore the form:control-implementation attribute and use its own rendition of the form element. </p>
<p>The form:control-implementation attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:control-implementation attribute has the data type namespacedToken 18.3.19.</p>
<h2>form:convert-empty-to-null</h2>
<p>The form:convert-empty-to-null attribute specifies whether empty current values are treated as NULL.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:convert-empty-to-null attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: an empty string in the control is treated as an empty string.</p></li>
<li><p>true: an empty string in the control is treated as a NULL value. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:convert-empty-to-null attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<p>The form:convert-empty-to-null attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:current-selected</h2>
<p>The form:current-selected attribute specifies the state of a radio button or option control.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:current-selected attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: radio button or option control is not selected.</p></li>
<li><p>true: radio button or option control is selected. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:current-selected attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<p>The form:current-selected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:current-state</h2>
<p>The form:current-state attribute specifies the state of a check box control.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:current-state attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>checked: The check box is checked. The value of the control is submitted with the form.</p></li>
<li><p>unchecked: The check box is not checked.</p></li>
<li><p>unknown: This value is available only if the form:is-tristate 19.281 attribute for a &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17 element is true. It indicates that a check box control is neither checked nor unchecked.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The form:current-state attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17.</p>
<p>The values of the form:current-state attribute are unchecked, checked or unknown.</p>
<h2>form:current-value</h2>
<p>The form:current-value attribute specifies the current status of an input control. It overrides the value of a form:value attribute, if one is present.</p>
<p>The defined value types for form:current-value attribute values are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11: string.</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8: date.</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5: string. </p></li>
<li><p>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6: string. </p></li>
<li><p>&lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7: double.</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2: string.</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3: string. </p></li>
<li><p>&lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9: time.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The form:current-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<p>The form:current-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:data-field</h2>
<p>The form:data-field attribute specifies the name of a column in the result set defined by a (data-aware) form. A control interchanges content with its column when: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>the current row of a form changes: the control is initialized with the value from its column. </p></li>
<li><p>the user changes the content of a control: this changed value is written back to its column.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: consumers may delay this write-back, for instance until the control loses the focus, instead of updating the column value with every change in the control. </p>
<p>The form:data-field attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<p>The form:data-field attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:datasource</h2>
<p>The form:datasource attribute specifies the name of a data source to use for a form.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:datasource attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>An IRI specifying a database connection.</p></li>
<li><p>A data source name that a consumer can use to establish a database connection.</p></li>
<li><p>The IRI of an OpenDocument database front-end document.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The data source name is a programmatic name for a database front end document which allows it to reference data sources regardless of their real location. The mapping from data source names to specific instances of database front end documents is implementation-defined. </p>
<p>The form:datasource attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The values of the form:datasource attribute are a value of type anyIRI 18.3.2 or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:default-button</h2>
<p>The form:default-button attribute specifies whether a button is the default button on a form. If a user clicks 19.406 the default button or presses the Return key while an input control is focused, the consumer takes the same action.</p>
<p>If multiple buttons with form:default-button attributes with values of true are present in a form, it is implementation-defined which button is the default for the form.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:default-button attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: button is not the default button for a form.</p></li>
<li><p>true: button is the default button for a form. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:default-button attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<p>The form:default-button attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:delay-for-repeat</h2>
<p>The form:delay-for-repeat attribute specifies a time-out to be used before a pressed mouse button results in repeating an action. The form:delay-for-repeat attribute is ignored unless a form:repeat 19.302 attribute is present, and evaluates to true.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is PT0.050S.</p>
<p>The form:delay-for-repeat attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:delay-for-repeat attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:detail-fields</h2>
<p>The form:detail-fields attribute specifies the names of the columns in contained forms that are related to columns in a containing form. The columns are used as parameters in the command for the contained form to retrieve the details from its containing form. </p>
<p>This attribute contains a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of field names.</p>
<p>The form:detail-fields attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:detail-fields attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:disabled</h2>
<p>The form:disabled attribute specifies whether a control can accept user input. </p>
<p>Controls that are disabled are not included in the tabbing navigation sequence and cannot be focused.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:disabled attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a control cannot accept user input.</p></li>
<li><p>true: a control can accept user input. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:disabled attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:disabled attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:dropdown</h2>
<p>The form:dropdown attribute specifies whether a list in a &lt;form:combobox&gt; or &lt;form:listbox&gt; element is always visible or is only visible when the user clicks 19.406 the drop-down button. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:dropdown attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: list is visible only when a user selects a drop-down button.</p></li>
<li><p>true: list is always visible. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:dropdown attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11 and &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<p>The form:dropdown attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:echo-char</h2>
<p>The form:echo-char attribute specifies the character that a form uses to mask text that a user inputs in a password control.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “*” (U+002A, ASTERISK).</p>
<p>The form:echo-char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4.</p>
<p>The form:echo-char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<h2>form:enctype</h2>
<p>The form:enctype attribute, when the value of the form:method 19.291 attribute is post, specifies the content type used to submit the form to the server.  Other MIME types may be acceptable. See §17.3.4 of [HTML4].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is application/x-www-form-urlencoded.</p>
<p>The form:enctype attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:enctype attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:escape-processing</h2>
<p>The form:escape-processing attribute, when the value of the form:command-type 19.257 attribute is command, specifies whether the consumer processes the command before passing it to a database driver.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:escape-processing attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: consumer does not process commands before passing them to a database driver.</p></li>
<li><p>true: consumer does process commands before passing them to a database driver. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The form:escape-processing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:escape-processing attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:filter</h2>
<p>The form:filter attribute specifies a filter for the SQL clause determined by the form:command-type 19.257 and form:command 19.256 attributes. If that SQL statement contains a filter (WHERE clause), the filter specified by the attribute value is conjunctively added to the existing filter.</p>
<p>The filter is only applied if the form:apply-filter attribute has the value true. 19.251.</p>
<p>Note: This allows OpenDocument consumers to toggle a filter on and off without losing the content of the form:filter attribute. </p>
<p>The form:filter attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:filter attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:focus-on-click</h2>
<p>The form:focus-on-click attribute specifies if a &lt;form:button&gt; element is given the focus in a form when the form button control for that element is operated.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:focus-on-click attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: element not given focus.</p></li>
<li><p>true: element given focus.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The form:focus-on-click attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<p>The form:focus-on-click attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:for</h2>
<p>The form:for attribute specifies a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of xml:ids of control elements that are the targets of the elements where this attribute appears. </p>
<p>The form:for attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10 and &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19.</p>
<p>The form:for attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:id (deprecated) </h2>
<p>The form:id attribute specifies an identifier for a control element.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a form:id attribute if it occurs on an element with an xml:id attribute value. </p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write form:id attributes for elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<p>The value of a form:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same element. </p>
<p>The form:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<p>The form:id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<h2>form:ignore-result</h2>
<p>The form:ignore-result attribute specifies whether to discard all results that are retrieved from an underlying data source. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:ignore-result attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: data from query of data source not discarded.</p></li>
<li><p>true: data from query of data source is discarded. Only new data can be inserted into a data source.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:ignore-result attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:ignore-result attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:image-align</h2>
<p>The form:image-align attribute specifies which border (start, end) or axis (center) of an image and a text are to be aligned.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:image-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>center: image and text are centered.</p></li>
<li><p>end: image and text are aligned on the end of the image.</p></li>
<li><p>start: image and text are aligned on the start of the image.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If a form:image-align attribute is not present, it is assumed to be center. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is center.</p>
<p>The form:image-align attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<p>The values of the form:image-align attribute are start, center or end.</p>
<h2>form:image-data</h2>
<p>The form:image-data attribute specifies the location of a file containing image data.</p>
<p>The form:image-data attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16 and &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20.</p>
<p>The form:image-data attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h2>form:image-position</h2>
<p>If the form:image-position attribute specifies the location of an image relative to the text of a control. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:image-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>bottom: image is placed below the text.</p></li>
<li><p>center: image centered relative to the text.</p></li>
<li><p>end: image is placed after the text.</p></li>
<li><p>start: image is placed before the text.</p></li>
<li><p>top: image is placed above the text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is center.</p>
<p>The form:image-position attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<h2>form:is-tristate</h2>
<p>The form:is-tristate attribute specifies a check box can have the values of checked, unchecked and unknown.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:is-tristate attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a check box can only have the values of checked and unchecked.</p></li>
<li><p>true: a check box can have the values of checked, unchecked and unknown. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:is-tristate attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17.</p>
<p>The form:is-tristate attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:label</h2>
<p>The form:label attribute specifies the text for a control.</p>
<p>The form:label attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:item&gt; 13.5.12, &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<p>The form:label attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:linked-cell</h2>
<p>The form:linked-cell attribute specifies a table cell to which the form control content should be linked. Linking means that the cell value and control content are equal at all times.</p>
<p>The table cell to link the control to can be specified as a cellAddress, or as a named cell range. In the latter case, if the named range contains more than one cell, the cell in the first row and first column of the range is linked to the form control.</p>
<p>If the attribute value matches the name of a named range as well as a cell address, it is interpreted as the name of a named range. </p>
<p>The form:linked-cell attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The values of the form:linked-cell attribute are a value of type cellAddress 18.3.4 or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:list-linkage-type</h2>
<p>The form:list-linkage-type attribute specifies how a control defined by a &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13 elements interacts with a linked table cell.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:list-linkage-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>selection: The text selected in the control is propagated to its linked cell. If text is entered into a cell linked to a &lt;form:listbox&gt; element, the list item whose label matches the cell text is selected, or all items are deselected if no such item exists.</p></li>
<li><p>selection-indices: If a list item is selected in the control, its index value on a 1-based index is propagated to its its linked cell. If the value in the linked cell changes, the control should select the list item with the index described by the cell value, or deselect all items if the cell value cannot be interpreted as integer value, or does not specify a valid list index item.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The form:list-linkage-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<p>The values of the form:list-linkage-type attribute are selection or selection-indices.</p>
<h2>form:list-source</h2>
<p>The form:list-source attribute specifies a source for the list entries in a list or combo box.</p>
<p>Obtaining those list entries may be a multi-step process. The process depends upon the value of the form:list-source-type attribute on the same element.</p>
<p>If the form:list-source-type 19.286 attribute has the value value-list, the content of the form:list-source attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>In all other cases, the content of the form:list-source attribute is resolved relative to a database connection or database front-end document. The &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3 element containing the control defines this database connection or document by its form:datasource 19.264 attribute.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>For retrieving the list entries depending on the form:list-source-type attribute, the following algorithms are to be used: </p></li>
<li><p>If the form:list-source-type attribute has the value table-fields, the form:list-source attribute specifies the name of a database table. The names of the columns of this table, in the order as returned by the database driver, are used as list entries.</p></li>
<li><p>For all other values of form:list-source-type, the value of the form:list-source attribute is used to create a result set. For this, the first step is to transform the value of the form:list-source attribute into an SQL command as follows: </p></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><p>sql, sql-pass-through: The SQL command is the content of the form:list-source attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>query: The form:list-source attribute specifies the name of a query object in the database, whose underlying SQL command is to be used. </p></li>
<li><p>table: The form:list-source attribute specifies the name of a database table, and the SQL command is the default SQL command to select all data from that table. This is &quot;SELECT * FROM &lt;table_name&gt;&quot;, but consumers may find it necessary to add escape characters to a table name, if required by the database driver.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>In a next step, the obtained SQL command is executed against the database. If the form:list-source-type attribute has the value sql-pass-through or query, and if the db:escape-processing 19.51 attribute of the referred query has the value false, then the SQL command shall be passed directly to the database driver, without being interpreted and modified or normalized by the consumer.</p>
<p>This execution produces a two-dimensional homogeneous result set, whose first-column values form the entry list to be used. </p>
<p>The form:list-source attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11 and &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<p>The form:list-source attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:list-source-type</h2>
<p>The form:list-source-type attribute specifies how to populate the entry list in a combo box or list box control.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:list-source-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>query: evaluated against the database front-end document or database connection defined by the &lt;form:form&gt; element which the control belongs to. The form:list-source attribute defines that evaluation. 19.285</p></li>
<li><p>sql: evaluated against the database front-end document or database connection defined by the &lt;form:form&gt; element which the control belongs to. The form:list-source attribute defines that evaluation. 19.285</p></li>
<li><p>sql-pass-through: evaluated against the database front-end document or database connection defined by the &lt;form:form&gt; element which the control belongs to. The form:list-source attribute defines that evaluation. 19.285</p></li>
<li><p>table: evaluated against the database front-end document or database connection defined by the &lt;form:form&gt; element which the control belongs to. The form:list-source attribute defines that evaluation. 19.285</p></li>
<li><p>table-fields: evaluated against the database front-end document or database connection defined by the &lt;form:form&gt; element which the control belongs to. The form:list-source attribute defines that evaluation. 19.285</p></li>
<li><p>value-list: entry list populated by values specified by the form:value 19.316 attributes of &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14 child elements. This value is applicable to list boxes only. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The form:list-source-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11 and &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<p>The values of the form:list-source-type attribute are table, query, sql, sql-pass-through, value-list or table-fields.</p>
<h2>form:master-fields</h2>
<p>The form:master-fields attribute specifies the names of the columns in the result set represented by a parent form. Each time the parent form changes the current row, the nested form queries the database again based on the values of the master fields. </p>
<p>The attribute contains a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of field names.</p>
<p>The form:master-fields attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:master-fields attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:max-length</h2>
<p>The form:max-length attribute specifies the maximum number of characters that a user can enter in an input control. </p>
<p>The form:max-length attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<p>The form:max-length attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:max-value</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The form:max-value attribute specifies the maximum value that a user can enter.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:max-value attribute is date.</p>
<p>The form:max-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8.</p>
<p>The form:max-value attribute has the data type date 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:max-value attribute is string.</p>
<p>The form:max-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6.</p>
<p>The form:max-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:number&gt; and &lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:max-value attribute is double.</p>
<p>The form:max-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:max-value attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:max-value attribute is time.</p>
<p>The form:max-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<p>The form:max-value attribute has the data type time 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:min-value</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The form:min-value attribute specifies the minimum value that a user can enter.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:min-value attribute is date.</p>
<p>The form:min-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8.</p>
<p>The form:min-value attribute has the data type date 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:min-value attribute is string.</p>
<p>The form:min-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6.</p>
<p>The form:min-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:number&gt; and &lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:min-value attribute is double.</p>
<p>The form:min-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:min-value attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:min-value attribute is time.</p>
<p>The form:min-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<p>The form:min-value attribute has the data type time 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:method</h2>
<p>The form:method attribute specifies the HTTP method [RFC2616] used to submit data in a form to a server. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:method attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>get: HTTP get method.</p></li>
<li><p>post: HTTP post method.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type string</p></li>
</ul>
<p>These values are not case sensitive.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is get.</p>
<p>The form:method attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The values of the form:method attribute are get, post or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:multi-line</h2>
<p>The form:multi-line attribute specifies whether a label is displayed on multiple lines.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:multi-line attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: label is not displayed over multiple lines.</p></li>
<li><p>true: label is displayed over multiple lines.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:multi-line attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10.</p>
<p>The form:multi-line attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:multiple</h2>
<p>The form:multiple attribute specifies whether a user can select multiple items from a list box.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:multiple attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: multiple items cannot be selected from a list box.</p></li>
<li><p>true: multiple items can be selected from a list box.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:multiple attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<p>The form:multiple attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:name</h2>
<p>The form:name attribute specifies the name of a form or control element. </p>
<p>Note: This may be used to give a form or control element an identity, which can be used for scripting or for submitting the content of controls.</p>
<p>The form:name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:navigation-mode</h2>
<p>The form:navigation-mode attribute specifies methods for navigation of a database aware form. </p>
<p>The defined values of the form:navigation-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>current: an user interface is provided and the navigation is performed on the current form.</p></li>
<li><p>none: a user interface is not provided, but the form may be navigated using the TAB and SHIFT/TAB keys on the keyboard.</p></li>
<li><p>parent: a user interface is provided and the navigation is performed on the parent form of the current form.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The form:navigation-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The values of the form:navigation-mode attribute are none, current or parent.</p>
<h2>form:order</h2>
<p>The form:order attribute specifies a sort criteria for a command. </p>
<p>The form:order attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The form:order attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:orientation</h2>
<p>The form:orientation attribute specifies the orientation of a control,</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:orientation attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>horizontal: control is oriented horizontally.</p></li>
<li><p>vertical: control is oriented vertically.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The form:orientation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The values of the form:orientation attribute are horizontal or vertical.</p>
<h2>form:page-step-size</h2>
<p>The form:page-step-size attribute specifies the preferred major value change offered ioffered the user (if applicable for the control used). </p>
<p>The form:page-step-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:page-step-size attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:printable</h2>
<p>The form:printable attribute specifies whether a control is printed when a user prints a document containing the control. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:printable attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: control not printed when a document containing the control is printed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: control printed when a document containing the control is printed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The form:printable attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:printable attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:property-name</h2>
<p>The form:property-name attribute specifies the name of a property element. The name is unique within all &lt;form:property&gt; and &lt;form:list-property&gt; child elements of a &lt;form:properties&gt; 13.7 element.</p>
<p>The form:property-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:list-property&gt; 13.9 and &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8.</p>
<p>The form:property-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:readonly</h2>
<p>The form:readonly attribute specifies whether a user can modify the value of a control. </p>
<p>Read-only controls are included in a tabbing navigation sequence.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:readonly attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a user cannot modify the value of a control. </p></li>
<li><p>true: a user can modify the value of a control.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:readonly attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<p>The form:readonly attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:repeat</h2>
<p>The form:repeat attribute specifies whether a form control, or a part of a form control, repeats a defined action in response a continuous action by a user.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:repeat attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: continuous action results in one defined action.</p></li>
<li><p>true: continuous action results in repeating the defined action.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: Pressing and holding any key is an example of a continuous action by a user. </p>
<p>The form:repeat attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:repeat attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:selected</h2>
<p>The form:selected attribute specifies the default state of a radio button or option. A control initializes to the default state specified by this attribute control. </p>
<p>In a group of radio buttons that share the same name, only one radio button can have a form:selected attribute set to true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:selected attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: not the default state of a radio button or option. </p></li>
<li><p>true: default state of a radio button or option.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:selected attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<p>The form:selected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:size</h2>
<p>The form:size attribute specifies the number of rows that are visible at a time in a combo box list or a list box list.</p>
<p>The form:size attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11 and &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<p>The form:size attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:source-cell-range</h2>
<p>The form:source-cell-range attribute specifies a rectangular cell range, whose content should be synchronized with a form control’s item list. The form control reacts to changes in the cell range, that is, it adjusts its item list as the cell range&#039;s content changes.</p>
<p>The attribute specifies a cell range using cellRangeAddress or with the a name of a named cell range. It displays the left-most columns of a range, if the range contains more columns than a form control can display. </p>
<p>The form:source-cell-range attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11 and &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<p>The values of the form:source-cell-range attribute are a value of type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5 or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:spin-button</h2>
<p>The form:spin-button attribute specifies whether a form control for input has spin buttons. Spin buttons are used to increment or decrement all or part of an input value.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:spin-button attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: form control does not have spin buttons. </p></li>
<li><p>true: form control has spin buttons. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:spin-button attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7 and &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<p>The form:spin-button attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:state</h2>
<p>The form:state attribute specifies the default state of a check box control. A check box control initializes to the default state specified by this attribute. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:state attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>checked: default state of a check box control. </p></li>
<li><p>unchecked: check box control has no default state.</p></li>
<li><p>unknown: state of check box control is not known. This value is available only if the value of the form:is-tristate 19.281 attribute on this check box control is true. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is unchecked.</p>
<p>The form:state attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17.</p>
<p>The values of the form:state attribute are unchecked, checked or unknown.</p>
<h2>form:step-size</h2>
<p>The form:step-size attribute specifies the preferred minor value change offered the user (if applicable for the control used).</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The form:step-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:step-size attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:tab-cycle</h2>
<p>The form:tab-cycle attribute specifies how the consumer responds when the user presses the TAB key in the controls in a form. The behavior of the consumer depends on whether the form is bound to a data source.</p>
<p>The defined values for the form:tab-cycle attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>current: If a user presses the TAB key in the last control of the form, the focus moves to the first control specified in the tab order of the same form. If the form is data aware (13.1), then the current row of the result set subject to the form is not changed. </p></li>
<li><p>page: If a user presses the TAB key in the last control of a form, the focus moves to the first control specified in the tab order for the next form.</p></li>
<li><p>records: If a user presses the TAB key in the last control of the form, the focus moves to the first control specified in the tab order of the same form. If the form is data aware (13.1), then the current row of the result set subject to the form moves to the next row. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The form:tab-cycle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The values of the form:tab-cycle attribute are records, current or page.</p>
<h2>form:tab-index</h2>
<p>The form:tab-index attribute specifies the tabbing navigation order of controls within a form. Tabbing order is the order of focus on controls when a user navigates the form using the TAB key on the keyboard. Elements within other elements can be included in a tabbing order. Values do not have to be sequential and they do not have to begin with a particular value. </p>
<p>The rules of tab navigation are: </p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Controls that have the form:disabled 19.268 attribute set to true are not included in the navigation, independent of their form:tab-index value. </p></li>
<li><p>Controls that have the same values for the form:tab-index attribute are navigated in order of their position in the form. </p></li>
<li><p>The navigation starts with the controls with lowest non-zero form:tab-index value. </p></li>
<li><p>When the controls with a certain form:tab-index value have been navigated, navigation continues with the controls with the next highest value. </p></li>
<li><p>After the controls with the highest value have been navigated, navigation continues with the controls that do not contain the form:tab-index attribute or contain the attribute with a value of 0. </p></li>
</ol>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<p>The form:tab-index attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:tab-index attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:tab-stop</h2>
<p>The form:tab-stop attribute specifies whether a control is included in the tabbing navigation order. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:tab-stop attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: control is not included in tabbing navigation order. </p></li>
<li><p>true: control is included in tabbing navigation order.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The form:tab-stop attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:tab-stop attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:text-style-name</h2>
<p>The form:text-style-name attribute specifies a paragraph style that is applied to all controls for a column. A paragraph style for a form may reference a data style. </p>
<p>The form:text-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23.</p>
<p>The form:text-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>form:title</h2>
<p>The form:title attribute contains additional information about a control. </p>
<p>Note: The value of the attribute may be used as a &quot;tool tip&quot; (a short message that appears when the pointing device pauses over the form element). Audio user agents may speak the title information in a similar context. </p>
<p>The form:title attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:toggle</h2>
<p>The form:toggle attribute specifies whether a form button control acts as a push button or as a toggle button. </p>
<p>Note: A toggle button is similar to a check box (in fact, it could be considered a different visual representation of a check box), in that operating it once, by either mouse or keyboard, toggles its state between &quot;pressed&quot; and &quot;not pressed&quot;. </p>
<p>A push button triggers an action, which happens every time the user operates the button. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:toggle attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: form button control acts as push button. </p></li>
<li><p>true: form button control acts as a toggle button.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:toggle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<p>The form:toggle attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:validation</h2>
<p>The form:validation attribute specifies whether the text that the user enters is validated during input against the input format associated with the control. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:validation attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>true: invalid content is detected during input.</p></li>
<li><p>false: invalid content is not detected during input.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The form:validation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6.</p>
<p>The form:validation attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>form:value</h2>
<h3>General </h3>
<p>The form:value attribute specifies the default value of an input control. </p>
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:button&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:value attribute is boolean.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:value attribute is date.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type date 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:number&gt; and &lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:value attribute is number.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;, &lt;form:combobox&gt;, &lt;form:file&gt;, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt;, &lt;form:hidden&gt;, &lt;form:image&gt;, &lt;form:option&gt;, &lt;form:password&gt;, &lt;form:radio&gt;, &lt;form:text&gt;, &lt;form:textarea&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:value attribute is string.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2 and &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the form:value attribute is time.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9.</p>
<p>The form:value attribute has the data type time 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:visual-effect</h2>
<p>The form:visual-effect attributes specifies a visual effect to apply to a control. </p>
<p>The defined values for the form:visual-effect attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>3d: 3D visual effect.</p></li>
<li><p>flat: flat visual effect.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The form:visual-effect attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17 and &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18.</p>
<p>The values of the form:visual-effect attribute are flat or 3d.</p>
<h2>form:xforms-list-source</h2>
<p>The form:xforms-list-source attribute specifies a reference to an xform:bind attribute, and creates a list entry for each node in the node-set defined by that attribute.</p>
<p>The form:xforms-list-source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13.</p>
<p>The form:xforms-list-source attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>form:xforms-submission</h2>
<p>The form:xforms-submission attribute specifies the id of an &lt;xforms:submission&gt; (3.3.3 of [XForms]) child element of a &lt;xforms:model&gt; element for a &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15 control. </p>
<p>The form:xforms-submission attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<p>The form:xforms-submission attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>grddl:transformation</h2>
<p>The grddl:transformation attributes link to a transformation for extracting RDF data from the document. See [GRDDL].</p>
<p>Note: This transformation is intended to be interpreted by consumers that do not support OpenDocument. </p>
<p>The referenced transformations should map OpenDocument elements that are children of the &lt;office:meta&gt; 3.2 element to RDF. They should also extract the RDF triples stored as RDFa attributes in the document content and styles. </p>
<p>Note: Please check the <a href="http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=office">OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC&#039;s</a> web site for GRDDL transformations provided by the OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC. </p>
<p>The grddl:transformation attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2, &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2, &lt;office:document-meta&gt; 3.1.3.4, &lt;office:document-settings&gt; 3.1.3.5 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<p>The value of the grddl:transformation attribute is a white space separated lists of values of type anyIRI 18.3.2, including the empty list.</p>
<h2>meta:cell-count</h2>
<p>The meta:cell-count attribute specifies the number of table cells that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<p>The meta:cell-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:cell-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:character-count</h2>
<p>The meta:character-count attribute specifies the number of characters that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<p>The value of the meta:character-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The meta:character-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:character-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:date</h2>
<p>The meta:date attribute specifies the date and time when a template was last modified, prior to being used to create the current document.</p>
<p>The meta:date attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12.</p>
<p>The meta:date attribute has the data type dateTime 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:delay</h2>
<p>The meta:delay attribute specifies a reload delay.</p>
<p>The meta:delay attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13.</p>
<p>The meta:delay attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:draw-count</h2>
<p>The meta:draw-count attribute specifies the number of drawing shapes that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<p>The meta:draw-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:draw-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:frame-count</h2>
<p>The meta:frame-count attribute specifies the number of text boxes that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<p>The meta:frame-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:frame-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:image-count</h2>
<p>The meta:image-count attribute specifies the number of images that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<p>The meta:image-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:image-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:name</h2>
<p>The meta:name attribute specifies the name of a metadata element. The name shall be unique within the domain of &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 elements.</p>
<p>The meta:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3.</p>
<p>The meta:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:non-whitespace-character-count</h2>
<p>The meta:non-whitespace-character-count attribute specifies the number of non-white space characters that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<p>The value of the meta:non-whitespace-character-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The meta:non-whitespace-character-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:non-whitespace-character-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:object-count</h2>
<p>The meta:object-count attribute specifies the number of embedded objects stored in OpenDocument format that the OpenDocument producer has counted for the document.</p>
<p>The meta:object-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:object-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:ole-object-count</h2>
<p>The meta:ole-object-count attribute specifies the number of embedded objects stored in a different format than OpenDocument that the OpenDocument producer has counted for the document.</p>
<p>The meta:ole-object-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:ole-object-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:page-count</h2>
<p>The meta:page-count attribute specifies the number of pages that an OpenDocument producer has calculated for a document.</p>
<p>The value of the meta:page-count attribute is implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The meta:page-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:page-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:paragraph-count</h2>
<p>The meta:paragraph-count attribute specifies the number of paragraphs that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<p>The meta:paragraph-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:paragraph-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:row-count</h2>
<p>The meta:row-count attribute specifies the number of lines contained in a document instance. </p>
<p>The value of the meta:row-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The meta:row-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:row-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:sentence-count</h2>
<p>The meta:sentence-count attribute specifies the number of sentences that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<p>The value of the meta:sentence-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The meta:sentence-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:sentence-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:syllable-count</h2>
<p>The meta:syllable-count attribute specifies the number of syllables that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<p>The value of the meta:syllable-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The meta:syllable-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:syllable-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:table-count</h2>
<p>The meta:table-count attribute specifies the number of &lt;table:table&gt; elements counted in a document. </p>
<p>The meta:table-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:table-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>meta:value-type</h2>
<p>The meta:value-type attribute specifies the type of a metadata element. </p>
<p>The defined values for the meta:value-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>boolean: 18.3.3</p></li>
<li><p>date: 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>float: 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>time: 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>string: 18.2</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default type for meta-data elements is string.</p>
<p>The meta:value-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3.</p>
<h2>meta:word-count</h2>
<p>The meta:word-count attribute specifies the number of words that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<p>The value of the meta:word-count attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The meta:word-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:document-statistic&gt; 4.3.2.18.</p>
<p>The meta:word-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:automatic-order</h2>
<p>The number:automatic-order attribute specifies whether data is ordered to match the default order for the language and country of a data style. </p>
<p>The defined values for the number:automatic-order attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: data is not ordered to match the default order for the language and country of a data style.</p></li>
<li><p>true: data is ordered to match the default order for the language and country of a data style.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The number:automatic-order attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8 and &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11.</p>
<p>The number:automatic-order attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>number:calendar</h2>
<p>The number:calendar attribute specifies the calendar system used to extract parts of a date. </p>
<p>The defined values for the number:calendar attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>buddhist: Buddhist calendar, identical to Gregorian calendar but add 543 years to the Gregorian date. </p></li>
<li><p>gengou: Japanese Gengou calendar, Emperor eras. Identical to Gregorian calendar but with different eras for each emperor. Consumers may implement only the modern eras starting 1868, Meiji, Taisho, Showa and Heisei. Earlier dates are then displayed using the Gregorian calendar [JIS X 0301].</p></li>
<li><p>gregorian: Gregorian calendar with cut-off date 1582-10-04, 1582-10-15 following. Dates before cut-off date are calculated in Julian proleptic calendar [ISO8601], Section 2.4.1.</p></li>
<li><p>hanja: Additional Gregorian calendar in Korean locales, uses differently localized day and month names. </p></li>
<li><p>hanja_yoil: Legacy alias for hanja</p></li>
<li><p>hijri: Islamic Hijri lunar calendar (religious, non-civil). </p></li>
<li><p>jewish: Jewish lunisolar calendar. </p></li>
<li><p>ROC: Taiwanese Minguo calendar, identical to Gregorian calendar but substract 1911 years from the Gregorian date. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The attribute value may also be a string value. If this attribute is not specified, the default calendar system for the locale of the data style is used.</p>
<p>The number:calendar attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:day&gt; 16.29.12, &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; 16.29.16, &lt;number:era&gt; 16.29.15, &lt;number:month&gt; 16.29.13, &lt;number:quarter&gt; 16.29.18, &lt;number:week-of-year&gt; 16.29.17 and &lt;number:year&gt; 16.29.14.</p>
<p>The values of the number:calendar attribute are gregorian, gengou, ROC, hanja_yoil, hanja, hijri, jewish, buddhist or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:country</h2>
<p>The number:country attribute specifies a country code for a data style. The country code is used for formatting properties whose evaluation is locale-dependent.</p>
<p>If a country is not specified, the system settings are used. </p>
<p>The number:country attribute on a &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; element, specifies the country of a currency symbol. </p>
<p>The number:country attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; 16.29.9, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The number:country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<h2>number:decimal-places</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute specifies the number of decimal places to display. </p>
<h3>&lt;number:number&gt;</h3>
<p>If the number:decimal-places attribute is not specified, the number of decimal places specified by the default table cell style is used.</p>
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3.</p>
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:seconds&gt; </h3>
<p>If the number:decimal-places attribute is not specified or if the value of the attribute is 0, seconds are not displayed.</p>
<p>For a &lt;number:seconds&gt; element the default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22.</p>
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute specifies the number of decimal places to display.</p>
<p>If the number:decimal-places attribute is not specified, the number of decimal places specified by the default table cell style is used.</p>
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<p>The number:decimal-places attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:decimal-replacement</h2>
<p>The number:decimal-replacement attribute specifies a replacement text for decimal places if a number style specifies that decimal places are used but the number displayed is an integer. </p>
<p>Note: What replacement text is supported is implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The number:decimal-replacement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3.</p>
<p>The number:decimal-replacement attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:denominator-value</h2>
<p>The number:denominator-value attribute specifies an integer value that is used as the denominator of a fraction. If this attribute is not present, a denominator that is appropriate for displaying the number is used.</p>
<p>Note: The number:denominator-value attribute is used with number:grouping 19.350, number:min-denominator-digits 19.353, number:min-integer-digits 19.355 and number:min-numerator-digits 19.357 to define the display of a floating-point number as a fraction. </p>
<p>The number:denominator-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7.</p>
<p>The number:denominator-value attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:display-factor</h2>
<p>The number:display-factor attribute specifies a factor by which each number is scaled (divided) before displaying.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The number:display-factor attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3.</p>
<p>The number:display-factor attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:exponent-interval</h2>
<p>The number:exponent-interval attribute determines the valid exponents to be used: the valid exponents are the integer multiples of the value of the number:exponent-interval attribute. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The number:exponent-interval attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<p>The number:exponent-interval attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:format-source</h2>
<p>The number:format-source attribute specifies the source of definitions of the short and long display formats. </p>
<p>The defined values for the number:format-source attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fixed: the values short and long of the number:style attribute are defined by this standard. </p></li>
<li><p>language: the meaning of the values long and short of the number:style attribute depend upon the number:language and number:country attributes of the date style. If neither of those attributes are specified, consumers should use their default locale for short and long date and time formats.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is fixed.</p>
<p>The number:format-source attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The values of the number:format-source attribute are fixed or language.</p>
<h2>number:forced-exponent-sign</h2>
<p>The number:forced-exponent-sign attribute specifies whether the sign of the exponent for a scientific number is always displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the number:forced-exponent-sign attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the exponent sign is displayed only for a negative value of the exponent, otherwise it is not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the exponent sign is always displayed regardless of the value of exponent. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true. </p>
<p>The number:forced-exponent-sign attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<p>The number:forced-exponent-sign attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>number:grouping</h2>
<p>The number:grouping attribute specifies whether the integer digits of a number should be grouped using a separator character. </p>
<p>The grouping character that is used and the number of digits that are grouped together depends on the language and country of the style.</p>
<p>The defined values for the number:grouping attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: integer digits of a number are not grouped using a separator character.</p></li>
<li><p>true: integer digits of a number should be grouped by a separator character.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The number:grouping attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7, &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3 and &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<p>The number:grouping attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>number:language</h2>
<p>The number:language attribute specifies a language code. The country code is used for formatting properties whose evaluation is locale-dependent.</p>
<p>If a language code is not specified, either the system settings or the setting for the system&#039;s language are used, depending on the property whose value should be evaluated.</p>
<p>The number:language attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; 16.29.9, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The number:language attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<h2>number:max-denominator-value</h2>
<p>The number:max-denominator-value attribute specifies the maximum denominator permitted to be chosen if its &lt;number:fraction&gt; element does not have a number:denominator-value attribute. The number:max-denominator-value attribute is ignored in the presence of a number:denominator-value 19.345 attribute. The absence of the number:max-denominator-value attribute indicates that no maximum denominator is specified. </p>
<p>Note: The number:max-denominator-value attribute is used with number:grouping 19.348, number:min-denominator-digits 19.350, number:min-integer-digits 19.352 and number:min-numerator-digits 19.353 to define the display of a floating-point number as a fraction.</p>
<p>Note: A number:max-denominator-value attribute value of 99 is equivalent to permitting any 1- or 2-digit denominator. A number:max-denominator-value attribute value of 999 is equivalent to permitting any 1, 2, or 3 digit denominator. </p>
<p>The number:max-denominator-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7.</p>
<p>The number:max-denominator-value attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:min-denominator-digits</h2>
<p>The number:min-denominator-digits attribute specifies the minimum number of digits to use to display the denominator of a fraction.</p>
<p>The number:min-denominator-digits attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7.</p>
<p>The number:min-denominator-digits attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:min-exponent-digits</h2>
<p>The number:min-exponent-digits attribute specifies the minimum number of digits to use to display an exponent.</p>
<p>The number:min-exponent-digits attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<p>The number:min-exponent-digits attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:min-integer-digits</h2>
<p>The number:min-integer-digits attribute specifies the minimum number of integer digits to display in the integer portion of a number, a scientific number, or a fraction. </p>
<p>For a &lt;number:fraction&gt; element, if the number:min-integer-digits attribute is not present, no integer portion is displayed. </p>
<p>The number:min-integer-digits attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7, &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3 and &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<p>The number:min-integer-digits attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:min-decimal-places</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The number:min-decimal-places attribute specifies the minimum number of digits in the decimal part.</p>
<p><br />
The value of the number:min-decimal-places attribute shall not be greater than the value of the number:decimal-places 19.343 attribute. </p>
<p><br />
If the value of number:min-decimal-places is less than the value of number:decimal-places, trailing zero digits in decimal places following the position indicated by the value of number:min-decimal-places shall not be displayed. </p>
<h3>&lt;number:number&gt;</h3>
<p>If the number:min-decimal-places attribute is not specified, it is set to: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>0, if the value of the number:decimal-replacement attribute is the empty string. </p></li>
<li><p>the value of the number:decimal-places attribute in other cases. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>If both number:decimal-replacement 19.344 and number:min-decimal-places attributes are present, and the number displayed is an integer, then the value of number:decimal-replacement shall be displayed. <br />
</p>
<p>The number:min-decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3.</p>
<p>The number:min-decimal-places attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</h3>
<p>If the number:min-decimal-places attribute is not specified, it is set to the value of the number:decimal-places 19.343 attribute. <br />
</p>
<p>The number:min-decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6.</p>
<p>The number:min-decimal-places attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:min-numerator-digits</h2>
<p>The number:min-numerator-digits attribute specifies the minimum number of digits to use to display the numerator in a fraction.</p>
<p>The number:min-numerator-digits attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7.</p>
<p>The number:min-numerator-digits attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:position</h2>
<p>The number:position attribute specifies the position where text appears.</p>
<p>The index of a position starts with 1 and is counted by digits from right to left in the integer part of a number, starting left from a decimal separator if one exists, or from the last digit of the number. Text is inserted before the digit at the specified position. If the value of number:position attribute is greater than the value of number:min-integer-digits 19.355 and greater than the number of integer digits in the number, text is prepended to the number.</p>
<p>The number:position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:embedded-text&gt; 16.29.4.</p>
<p>The number:position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:possessive-form</h2>
<p>The number:possessive-form attribute specifies whether the month is displayed as a noun or using the possessive form. </p>
<p>The number:possessive-form attribute is only applied when a number:textual 19.363 attribute on the same &lt;number:month&gt; element has the value of true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the number:possessive-form attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the name of the month is displayed in nominative form. </p></li>
<li><p>true: the name of the month is displayed in possessive form. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The number:possessive-form attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:month&gt; 16.29.13.</p>
<p>The number:possessive-form attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>number:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<p>The number:rfc-language-tag attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors. </p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the number:language 19.351, number:script 19.361 and number:country 19.342 attributes. </p>
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don&#039;t support the number:rfc-language-tag attribute by specifying number:language, number:script and number:country attributes with values as close as possible to the actual value of the number:rfc-language-tag attribute. Producers shall not use values for these attributes that contradict the value of the table:rfc-language-tag attribute.</p>
<p>The number:rfc-language-tag attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; 16.29.9, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The number:rfc-language-tag attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<h2>number:script</h2>
<p>The number:script attribute specifies a script code. The script code is used for formatting properties whose evaluation is locale-dependent. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>The number:script attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:currency-symbol&gt; 16.29.9, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The number:script attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<h2>number:style</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The number:style attribute specifies whether the content of a time element is displayed in short or long format. The value of this attribute can be short or long. The meaning of these values depends on the value of the number:format-source 19.348 attribute that is attached to a date or time style.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:day&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>short: the day of month is displayed using one or two digits.</p></li>
<li><p>long: the day of month is displayed using two digits.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:day&gt; 16.29.12.</p>
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>short: abbreviated name of the day is displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>long: full name of the day is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:day-of-week&gt; 16.29.16.</p>
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:era&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>short: abbreviated era name is used.</p></li>
<li><p>long: full era name is used.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:era&gt; 16.29.15.</p>
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:hours&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>short: hours are displayed using at least one digit.</p></li>
<li><p>long: hours are displayed using at least two digits.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:hours&gt; 16.29.20.</p>
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>short: minutes are displayed using at least one digit.</p></li>
<li><p>long: minutes are displayed using at least two digits.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:minutes&gt; 16.29.21.</p>
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:month&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>short: abbreviated name of the month is displayed or the month is displayed using one or two digits.</p></li>
<li><p>long: full name of the month is displayed or the month is displayed using two digits.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:month&gt; 16.29.13.</p>
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>short: abbreviated name of the quarter is displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>long: full name of the quarter is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:quarter&gt; 16.29.18.</p>
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>short: seconds are displayed using at least one digit.</p></li>
<li><p>long: seconds are displayed using at least two digits.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22.</p>
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:year&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the number:format-source attribute is fixed the number:style attribute on the same element has the defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>short: year is displayed using two digits.</p></li>
<li><p>long: year is displayed using four digits.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The number:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:year&gt; 16.29.14.</p>
<p>The values of the number:style attribute are short or long.</p>
<h2>number:textual</h2>
<p>The number:textual attribute specifies whether the name or number of a month is displayed in the month portion of a date. </p>
<p>The defined values for the number:textual element are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the number of the month is displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the name of the month is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The name or number of a month is defined by the number:calendar 19.341 attribute on the same parent element as the number:textual attribute. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The number:textual attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:month&gt; 16.29.13.</p>
<p>The number:textual attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>number:title</h2>
<p>The number:title attribute specifies the title of a data style.</p>
<p>The number:title attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The number:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:transliteration-country</h2>
<p>The number:transliteration-country attribute specifies a country code in conformance with [RFC5646].</p>
<p>If no language/country (locale) combination is specified, the locale of the data style is used.</p>
<p>The number:transliteration-country attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The number:transliteration-country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<h2>number:transliteration-format</h2>
<p>The number:transliteration-format attribute specifies which number characters to use. </p>
<p>The value of the number:transliteration-format attribute shall be a decimal &quot;DIGIT ONE&quot; character with numeric value 1 as listed in the Unicode Character Database file UnicodeData.txt with value &#039;Nd&#039; (Numeric decimal digit) in the General_Category/Numeric_Type property field 6 and value &#039;1&#039; in the Numeric_Value fields 7 and 8, respectively as listed in DerivedNumericValues.txt</p>
<p>If no format is specified the default ASCII representation of Latin-Indic digits is used, other transliteration attributes present in that case are ignored.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The number:transliteration-format attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The number:transliteration-format attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>number:transliteration-language</h2>
<p>The number:transliteration-language attribute specifies a language code in conformance with [RFC5646].</p>
<p>If no language/country (locale) combination is specified, the locale of the data style is used.</p>
<p>The number:transliteration-language attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The number:transliteration-language attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<h2>number:transliteration-style</h2>
<p>The number:transliteration-style attribute specifies the transliteration format of a number system.</p>
<p>The semantics of the values of the number:transliteration-style attribute are locale- and implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is short.</p>
<p>The number:transliteration-style attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The values of the number:transliteration-style attribute are short, medium or long.</p>
<h2>number:truncate-on-overflow</h2>
<p>The number:truncate-on-overflow attribute specifies if a time or duration for which the value to be displayed by the largest time component specified in the style is too large to be displayed using the value range for &lt;number:hours&gt; 16.29.20 (0 to 23), or &lt;number:minutes&gt; 16.29.21 or &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22 (0 to 59) is truncated or if the value range of this component is extended. The largest time component is those for which a value of &quot;1&quot; represents the longest period of time.</p>
<p>If a value gets truncated, then its value is displayed modulo 24 (for &lt;number:hours&gt;) or modulo 60 (for &lt;number:minutes&gt; and &lt;number:seconds&gt;). </p>
<p>If the value range of a component get extended, then values larger than 23 or 59 are displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the number:truncate-on-overflow element are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the value range of the component is extended.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the value range of the component is not extended.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The number:truncate-on-overflow attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The number:truncate-on-overflow attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>office:automatic-update</h2>
<p>The office:automatic-update attribute specifies if DDE links are automatically updated or only upon user request. </p>
<p>The defined values for the office:automatic-update element are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: DDE links are updated on user request only.</p></li>
<li><p>true: DDE links are updated automatically.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The office:automatic-update attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5 and &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<p>The office:automatic-update attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>office:boolean-value</h2>
<p>The office:boolean-value attribute specifies the Boolean value for a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-defined&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;<a href="db:column">db:column</a>&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40). </p>
<p>For &lt;text:user-defined&gt; elements, this attribute is only evaluated if the corresponding &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 element has attribute meta:value-type=&quot;boolean&quot;. </p>
<p>The office:boolean-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<p>The office:boolean-value attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>office:conversion-mode</h2>
<p>The office:conversion-mode attribute specifies the method by which the DDE server converts its data into numbers. </p>
<p>The defined values for the office:conversion-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>into-default-style-data-style: numbers are converted into the data style that is specified by the default style.</p></li>
<li><p>into-english-number: numbers are converted into the English default format.</p></li>
<li><p>keep-text: numbers are not converted. They are treated as text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is into-default-style-data-style.</p>
<p>The office:conversion-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5.</p>
<p>The values of the office:conversion-mode attribute are into-default-style-data-style, into-english-number or keep-text.</p>
<h2>office:currency</h2>
<p>The office:currency attribute specifies the currency for a value of a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<p>It specifies a default currency for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;db:column&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40).</p>
<p>The office:currency attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<p>The office:currency attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>office:date-value</h2>
<p>The office:date-value attribute specifies the date or date-time value for a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-defined&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;<a href="db:column">db:column</a>&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40). </p>
<p>For &lt;text:user-defined&gt; elements, this attribute is only evaluated if the corresponding &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 element has attribute meta:value-type=&quot;date&quot;. </p>
<p>The office:date-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<p>The office:date-value attribute has the data type dateOrDateTime 18.3.14.</p>
<h2>office:dde-application</h2>
<p>The office:dde-application attribute specifies the name of the target application to use for the DDE connection.</p>
<p>The office:dde-application attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5 and &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<p>The office:dde-application attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>office:dde-item</h2>
<p>The office:dde-item attribute specifies which information the target application should deliver.</p>
<p>The office:dde-item attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5 and &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<p>The office:dde-item attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>office:dde-topic</h2>
<p>The office:dde-topic attribute specifies the name of the topic to use for the DDE connection.</p>
<p>The office:dde-topic attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5 and &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<p>The office:dde-topic attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>office:display</h2>
<p>The office:display attribute specifies whether an annotation is visible.</p>
<p>The office:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The office:display attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>office:mimetype</h2>
<p>The office:mimetype attribute specifies the document type for a document that is contained in a single XML file. Its values are the MIME types that are used for the packaged variant of office documents.</p>
<p>The office:mimetype attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2.</p>
<p>The office:mimetype attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>office:name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name. The use of that name is specified for each element on which it appears. </p>
<h3>&lt;draw:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for a hyperlink. The name can serve as a target for other hyperlinks. The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for a shape represented by this element. The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for a shape represented by this element. The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for an image map. The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for an annotation. It is used to match &lt;office:annotation&gt; elements with the corresponding &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2 elements.</p>
<p>The name that appears in the office:name attribute of any &lt;office:annotation&gt;, &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; pair shall be unique to that pair of elements in a document instance.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for an annotation. It is used to match &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; elements with the corresponding &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1 elements.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation-end&gt; 14.2.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The office:name attribute specifies the name by which a connection can be referenced.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:dde-source&gt; 14.7.5.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name for a hyperlink. The name serves as a target for other hyperlinks and need not be unique. </p>
<p>Note: This attribute is specified for compatibility with [HTML4] only, where an &lt;a&gt; element may serve as a link source and target simultaneously. This attribute should not be used for any purpose other than to represent links that came from a HTML document.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The office:name attribute specifies a name by which a connection can be referenced.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt; 14.7.3.</p>
<p>The office:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2></h2>
<h2>office:server-map</h2>
<p>The office:server-map attribute specifies that a link returns data to a server-side image map. The mouse coordinates of the click 19.406 position of the graphic shape are appended to the IRI of the link. The coordinates are be used by the server to determine which link to activate within the image map.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The office:server-map attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12.</p>
<p>The office:server-map attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>office:string-value</h2>
<p>The office:string-value attribute specifies the string-value for a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-defined&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;<a href="db:column">db:column</a>&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40).</p>
<p>For &lt;text:user-defined&gt; elements, this attribute is only evaluated if the corresponding &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 element has (default) attribute meta:value-type=&quot;string&quot;. </p>
<p>The office:string-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<p>The office:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>office:target-frame</h2>
<p>The office:target-frame attribute specifies a target frame.</p>
<p>The defined values for the office:target-frame attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>_blank: The referenced document is displayed in a new frame.</p></li>
<li><p>_parent: The referenced document is displayed in the parent frame of the current frame.</p></li>
<li><p>_self: The referenced document replaces the content of the current frame.</p></li>
<li><p>_top: The referenced document is displayed in the topmost frame, that is the frame that contains the current frame as a child or descendant but is not contained within another frame.</p></li>
<li><p>A frame name: The referenced document is displayed in the named frame. If the named frame does not exist, a new frame with that name is created.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is _blank.</p>
<p>The office:target-frame attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3 and &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16.</p>
<p>The office:target-frame attribute has the data type targetFrameName 18.3.34.</p>
<h2>office:target-frame-name</h2>
<p>The office:target-frame-name attribute specifies the name of a target frame.</p>
<p>The defined values for the office:target-frame-name attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>_blank: The referenced document is displayed in a new frame.</p></li>
<li><p>_parent: The referenced document is displayed in the parent frame of the current frame.</p></li>
<li><p>_self: The referenced document replaces the content of the current frame.</p></li>
<li><p>_top: The referenced document is displayed in the topmost frame, that is the frame that contains the current frame as a child or descendant but is not contained within another frame.</p></li>
<li><p>A frame name: The referenced document is displayed in the named frame. If the named frame does not exist, a new frame with that name is created.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The office:target-frame-name attribute may be used together with an xlink:show 19.917 attribute. In that case, if the value of the attribute is _blank, the xlink:show attribute value should be new. If the value of the attribute is any of the other value options, the value of the xlink:show attribute should be replace. </p>
<p>The office:target-frame-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; 4.3.2.14 and &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<p>The office:target-frame-name attribute has the data type targetFrameName 18.3.34.</p>
<h2>office:time-value</h2>
<p>The office:time-value attribute specifies the time value for a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-defined&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;<a href="db:column">db:column</a>&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40).</p>
<p>For &lt;text:user-defined&gt; elements, this attribute is only evaluated if the corresponding &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 element has attribute meta:value-type=&quot;time&quot;.</p>
<p>The office:time-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<p>The office:time-value attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>office:title</h2>
<p>The office:title attribute specifies a short accessible description. </p>
<p>Note: See appendix D for guidelines on using this attribute.</p>
<p>The office:title attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12 and &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<p>The office:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>office:value</h2>
<p>The office:value attribute specifies the currency, float or percentage value for a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-defined&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column definitions (&lt;<a href="db:column">db:column</a>&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40). </p>
<p>For &lt;text:user-defined&gt; elements, this attribute is only interpreted if the corresponding &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; 4.3.3 element has attribute meta:value-type=&quot;float&quot;. </p>
<p>The office:value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-value&gt; 13.10, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<h2>office:value-type</h2>
<p>The office:value-type attribute specifies the value-type of a table cell (&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; and &lt;table:table-cell&gt;), a text field (&lt;text:expression&gt;, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;, &lt;text:variable-decl&gt;, &lt;text:variable-input&gt;and &lt;text:variable-set&gt;), or a form property (&lt;form:list-value&gt; and &lt;form:property&gt;). </p>
<p>It specifies a default value type of database columns and database column definitions (&lt;db:column&gt; 12.35 and &lt;<a href="db:column-definition">db:column-definition</a>&gt; 12.40). </p>
<p>The value type of each of these elements shall be specified. If the value type is not string or if the &lt;table:table-cell&gt; element content differs from the value of the element, the corresponding Value Attribute(s) (Table 14 - Value attributes) shall contain the value(s) of the element. </p>
<p>Table 14 - Value attributes</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Value Type</p></th><th><p>Value Attribute(s)</p></th><th><p>Encoded as...</p></th><th><p>Example</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>boolean</p></td><td><p>office:boolean-value</p></td><td><p>true or false</p></td><td><p>&quot;true&quot;</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>currency</p></td><td><p>office:value and<br />
office:currency</p></td><td><p>Numeric value and<br />
currency symbol</p></td><td><p>&quot;100&quot;<br />
&quot;USD&quot;</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dat</p></td><td><p>office:date-value</p></td><td><p>Date value as specified in §3.2.9 of [xmlschema-2], or date and time value as specified in §3.2.7 of [xmlschema-2]</p></td><td><p>&quot;2003-04-17&quot;</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>float</p></td><td><p>office:value</p></td><td><p>Numeric value</p></td><td><p>&quot;12.345&quot;</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>percentage</p></td><td><p>office:value</p></td><td><p>Numeric value</p></td><td><p>&quot;0.50&quot;</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>string</p></td><td><p>office:string-value</p></td><td><p>Strings</p></td><td><p>&quot;abc def&quot;</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>time</p></td><td><p>office:time-value</p></td><td><p>Duration, as specified in §3.2.6 of [xmlschema-2]</p></td><td><p>&quot;PT03H30M00S&quot;</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>void</p></td><td><p>none</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the value type is string and the office:string-value attribute is not present, the element content defines the value. </p>
<p>Note: The OpenDocument concept of field values and value types and their encoding in XML is also modeled on the corresponding XML for table cell attributes. </p>
<p>The office:value-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:column&gt; 12.35, &lt;db:column-definition&gt; 12.40, &lt;form:list-property&gt; 13.9, &lt;form:property&gt; 13.8, &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8, &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3, &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<p>The office:value-type attribute has the data type valueType 18.3.38.</p>
<h2>office:version</h2>
<p>The office:version attribute identifies the version of the OpenDocument specification that defines the associated element, its schema, its complete content, and its interpretation. </p>
<p>The office:version attribute shall be present in every &lt;office:document&gt;, &lt;office:document-content&gt;, &lt;office:document-styles&gt;, &lt;office:document-meta&gt;, and &lt;office:document-settings&gt; element in the XML documents that comprise an OpenDocument 1.3 document. The value of the office:version attribute shall be &quot;1.3&quot;. </p>
<p>Note 1: When an office:version-requiring element has office:version=&quot;1.1&quot; the element and its content are based on the OpenDocument v1.1 specification [ODF11]. For office:version=&quot;1.0&quot; the element and its content are based on the OpenDocument v1.0 specification [ODF10]. When an office:version-requiring element has office:version omitted, the element is based on a version of the OpenDocument specification earlier than v1.2. </p>
<p>Note 2: An OpenDocument 1.2 document that relies solely on features of a previous OpenDocument specification that are upward-compatible with OpenDocument 1.2, can be interpreted correctly under that earlier specification by treating the office:version=&quot;1.2&quot; attribute as omitted or as identifying the earlier version.</p>
<p>Note 3: An OpenDocument 1.3 document that relies solely on features of a previous OpenDocument specification that are upward-compatible with OpenDocument 1.2, can be interpreted correctly under that earlier specification by treating the office:version=&quot;1.2&quot; attribute as omitted or as identifying the earlier version.</p>
<p>The office:version attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:document&gt; 3.1.2, &lt;office:document-content&gt; 3.1.3.2, &lt;office:document-meta&gt; 3.1.3.4, &lt;office:document-settings&gt; 3.1.3.5 and &lt;office:document-styles&gt; 3.1.3.3.</p>
<p>The only value of the office:version attribute is 1.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:action</h2>
<p>The presentation:action attribute specifies the type of action that is executed when an event is triggered. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:action attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>execute: another application is launched when this event is triggered. The application is specified with the xlink:href 19.916 attribute on the same &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-out: the object that contains this event is faded out when this event is triggered. The attributes presentation:effect 19.398, presentation:direction 19.396, presentation:speed 19.421 and presentation:start-scale 19.422 can be used to set the effect.</p></li>
<li><p>first-page: the presentation jumps to the first page of the current document.</p></li>
<li><p>hide: the object that contains this event is hidden if the event is triggered.</p></li>
<li><p>last-page: the presentation jumps to the last page of the current document.</p></li>
<li><p>last-visited-page: the presentation jumps to the page that was displayed before the current page.</p></li>
<li><p>next-page: the presentation jumps to the next page.</p></li>
<li><p>none: no action is performed when this event is triggered.</p></li>
<li><p>previous-page: the presentation jumps to the previous page.</p></li>
<li><p>show: the target of an IRI is opened when this event is triggered. The IRI is specified with the xlink:href 19.916 attribute on the same &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; element.</p></li>
<li><p>sound: an audio effect is started when the effect is triggered. The audio effect is described by a &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2 child element.</p></li>
<li><p>stop: if a slide show is active, it will be stopped.</p></li>
<li><p>verb: if the object that contains this event supports the execution of [OLE] verbs, the verb with the id set in the presentation:verb 19.432 attribute is executed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:action attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:action attribute are none, previous-page, next-page, first-page, last-page, hide, stop, execute, show, verb, fade-out, sound or last-visited-page.</p>
<h2>presentation:animations</h2>
<p>The presentation:animations attribute enables or disables the playback of animations that are specified within embedded or linked images during a presentation. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:animations attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>disabled: image animations cannot be played during a presentation.</p></li>
<li><p>enabled: image animations can be played during a presentation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is enabled.</p>
<p>The presentation:animations attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:animations attribute are enabled or disabled.</p>
<h2>presentation:class</h2>
<p>The presentation:class attribute classifies presentation shapes by their usage within a draw page. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:class attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>chart: presentation charts are standard object shapes.</p></li>
<li><p>graphic: presentation graphics are standard graphic shapes</p></li>
<li><p>handout: presentation handouts are placeholder for the drawing page in a handout page</p></li>
<li><p>notes: presentation notes are used on notes pages</p></li>
<li><p>object: presentation objects are standard object shapes</p></li>
<li><p>orgchart: presentation organization charts are standard object shapes.</p></li>
<li><p>outline: outlines are standard text shapes</p></li>
<li><p>page: presentation pages are used on notes pages</p></li>
<li><p>subtitle: subtitles are standard text shapes</p></li>
<li><p>table: presentation tables are standard object shapes</p></li>
<li><p>text: presentation texts are standard text shapes</p></li>
<li><p>title: titles are standard text shapes</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The date-time, footer, header, and page-number classes can be used only for drawing shapes that are contained in master pages. Depending on the settings of the &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 element, they are displayed automatically on drawing pages that use the master page.</p>
<p>When used with drawing shapes contained in master pages, the defined values for the presentation:class attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>date-time: drawing shape is used as a date and/or time shape. Date and Time shapes are standard text shapes.</p></li>
<li><p>footer: drawing shape is used as a footer. Footer shapes are standard text shapes.</p></li>
<li><p>header: drawing shape is used as a header. Header shapes are standard text shapes.</p></li>
<li><p>page-number: drawing shape is used as a page number shape. Page Number shapes are standard text shapes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:class attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 and &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:class attribute are title, outline, subtitle, text, graphic, object, chart, table, orgchart, page, notes, handout, header, footer, date-time or page-number.</p>
<h2>presentation:class-names</h2>
<p>The presentation:class-names attribute specifies a white space separated list of styles with the family value of presentation. The referenced styles are applied in the order they are contained in the list. </p>
<p>If both presentation:style-name and presentation:class-names are present, the style referenced by the presentation:style-name 19.426 attribute is applied before the styles referenced by the presentation:class-names attribute. </p>
<p>The presentation:class-names attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The presentation:class-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<h2>presentation:delay</h2>
<p>The presentation:delay attribute specifies the delay before a presentation effect starts after the previous one has finished.</p>
<p>The presentation:delay attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<p>The presentation:delay attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:direction</h2>
<p>The presentation:direction attribute specifies the direction of an effect. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:direction attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>clockwise: effect moves in a clockwise direction.</p></li>
<li><p>counter-clockwise: effect moves in a counter-clockwise direction.</p></li>
<li><p>from-bottom: effect moves from the bottom of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>from-center: effect moves from the center of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>from-left: effect moves from the left of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>from-right: effect moves from the right of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>from-top: effect moves from the top of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>from-lower-left: effect moves from the lower-left of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>from-lower-right: effect moves from the lower-right of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>from-upper-left: effect moves from the upper-left of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>from-upper-right: effect moves from the upper-right of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>horizontal: effect moves from the bottom of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>none: no presentation effect direction</p></li>
<li><p>path: effect moves from the bottom of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>spiral-inward-left: effect spirals inward from the left of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>spiral-inward-right: effect spirals inward from the right of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>spiral-outward-left: effect spirals outward to the left of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>spiral-outward-right: effect spirals outward to the right of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>to-left: effect moves to the left of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>to-top: effect moves to the top of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>to-right: effect moves to the right of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>to-bottom: effect moves to the bottom of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>to-center: effect moves from the center of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>to-lower-left: effect moves to the lower-left of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>to-upper-left: effect moves to the upper-left of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>to-lower-right: effect moves to the lower-right of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>to-upper-right: effect moves to the upper-right of the presentation area.</p></li>
<li><p>vertical: effect moves vertically in the presentation area.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The presentation:direction attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:direction attribute are none, from-left, from-top, from-right, from-bottom, from-center, from-upper-left, from-upper-right, from-lower-left, from-lower-right, to-left, to-top, to-right, to-bottom, to-upper-left, to-upper-right, to-lower-right, to-lower-left, path, spiral-inward-left, spiral-inward-right, spiral-outward-left, spiral-outward-right, vertical, horizontal, to-center, clockwise or counter-clockwise.</p>
<h2>presentation:endless</h2>
<p>The presentation:endless attribute specifies whether a presentation repeats indefinitely or not.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:endless attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: presentation does not repeat indefinitely.</p></li>
<li><p>true: presentation repeats indefinitely.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The presentation:endless attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:endless attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:effect</h2>
<p>The presentation:effect attribute specifies the type of an effect.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:effect attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>appear: the shape is faded in by just switching its state from invisible to visible.</p></li>
<li><p>checkerboard: the shape is faded in or out by drawing or removing checkerboard-like blocks that increase in size over time.</p></li>
<li><p>close: the shape is drawn or removed line by line, either horizontally or vertically, starting at the edge of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>dissolve: the shape is faded in or out by drawing or removing small blocks in a random fashion.</p></li>
<li><p>fade: the shape fades from its visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state.</p></li>
<li><p>hide: the shape is faded out by just switching its state from visible to invisible.</p></li>
<li><p>laser: this effect is only available for text shapes; the characters of the text are moved one by one from the top edge of the screen to their final position.</p></li>
<li><p>lines: the shape is faded in and out by drawing or removing line by line, either horizontally or vertically, in a random fashion.</p></li>
<li><p>move: the shape moves from or to its final position.</p></li>
<li><p>move-short: like the move effect, but the moving shape is clipped to its final bounding rectangle during fade.</p></li>
<li><p>none: no effect is used.</p></li>
<li><p>open: the shape is drawn or removed line by line, either horizontally or vertically, starting at the center of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>random: an effect is chosen at random to fade the shape in or out.</p></li>
<li><p>rotate: the shape rotates horizontally or vertically for a short amount of time during this effect.</p></li>
<li><p>stretch: the shape is faded in or out by changing its size during this effect.</p></li>
<li><p>stripes: the shape is faded in or out by drawing or removing horizontal or vertical stripes that change their size.</p></li>
<li><p>wavyline: the shape is faded in and out by drawing or removing small blocks in a snake like fashion.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The presentation:effect attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:effect attribute are none, fade, move, stripes, open, close, dissolve, wavyline, random, lines, laser, appear, hide, move-short, checkerboard, rotate or stretch.</p>
<h2>presentation:force-manual</h2>
<p>The presentation:force-manual attribute specifies that the value of the presentation:transition-type 20.240 attribute is set to manual.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:force-manual attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: presentation:transition-type attribute is not set to manual.</p></li>
<li><p>true: presentation:transition-type attribute is set to manual.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The presentation:force-manual attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:force-manual attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:full-screen</h2>
<p>The presentation:full-screen attribute specifies whether the presentation is displayed in full-screen mode or in a window.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:full-screen attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: presentation is displayed in a window.</p></li>
<li><p>true: presentation is displayed in full-screen mode.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The presentation:full-screen attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:full-screen attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:group-id</h2>
<p>The presentation:group-id attribute specifies a group id. This id can be used to group animation elements within a user interface, where a group consists of all animation elements that have the same group id.</p>
<p>The presentation:group-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<p>The presentation:group-id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:master-element</h2>
<p>The presentation:master-element attribute specifies the id of an animation element.</p>
<p>Note: Consumer user interfaces may consider animation elements that have a presentation:master-element attribute to be a part of the animation element that is referenced, and may therefore exclude them from any lists of defined animations. </p>
<p>The presentation:master-element attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<p>The presentation:master-element attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:mouse-as-pen</h2>
<p>The presentation:mouse-as-pen attribute specifies if a mouse pointer is displayed as a pen or a pointer. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:mouse-as-pen attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: mouse pointer is displayed as a pointer.</p></li>
<li><p>true: mouse pointer is displayed as a pen for drawing.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The presentation:mouse-as-pen attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:mouse-as-pen attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:mouse-visible</h2>
<p>The presentation:mouse-visible attribute specifies whether a mouse pointer is visible during a presentation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:mouse-visible attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: mouse not visible during presentation.</p></li>
<li><p>true: mouse visible during presentation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The presentation:mouse-visible attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:mouse-visible attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:name</h2>
<p>The presentation:name attribute identifies the element on which it appears inside a presentation.</p>
<p>The presentation:name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; 10.9.3.6, &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; 10.9.3.4, &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; 10.9.3.2 and &lt;presentation:show&gt; 10.9.3.8.</p>
<p>The presentation:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:node-type</h2>
<p>The presentation:node-type attribute specifies a node type for an animation element. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:node-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>after-previous: this animation element is the root element of an effect that starts after the previous effect.</p></li>
<li><p>default: no node type is defined. This is the default setting.</p></li>
<li><p>interactive-sequence: this animation element is the root element for a sequence of effects that are started when the user selects an element inside a page.</p></li>
<li><p>main-sequence: this animation element is the root element for the main sequence of effects of a page</p></li>
<li><p>on-click: this animation element is the root element of an effect that starts with a user click.</p></li>
<li><p>timing-root: this animation element is the root element for the animation of a page.</p></li>
<li><p>with-previous: this animation element is the root element of an effect that starts with the previous effect.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: Click is the action of a computer user moving a cursor or focus to a location on a screen (point) and then pressing a mouse button, usually the left button(click), or other pointing device. A click can be used with any number of input devices varying from mice, touch pads, keyboards, joysticks, scroll buttons, and roller balls. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is default.</p>
<p>The presentation:node-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:node-type attribute are default, on-click, with-previous, after-previous, timing-root, main-sequence or interactive-sequence.</p>
<h2>presentation:object</h2>
<p>The presentation:object attribute specifies the type of object that a &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; element represents. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:object attribute are the same as those defined for the presentation:class attribute. 19.393</p>
<p>The presentation:object attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:object attribute are title, outline, subtitle, text, graphic, object, chart, table, orgchart, page, notes, handout, header, footer, date-time or page-number.</p>
<h2>presentation:pages</h2>
<p>The presentation:pages attribute specifies a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of page names as given by draw:name 19.197 attributes on &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 elements. The pages are displayed in the order in which they are listed during a presentation that uses this show. Pages can be included more than once.</p>
<p>The presentation:pages attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:show&gt; 10.9.3.8.</p>
<p>The presentation:pages attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:path-id</h2>
<p>The presentation:path-id attribute specifies a polygon shape by the value of its draw:shape-id 19.210 attribute. An effect moves along the lines of the specified polygon. The referenced polygon is not visible during the presentation.</p>
<p>The presentation:path-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<p>The presentation:path-id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:pause</h2>
<p>The presentation:pause attribute specifies a time duration for displaying a pause screen before the presentation is played again if the presentation is to be repeated indefinitely. If this attribute is not set or has a value of P0s, a pause screen is not displayed in endless mode.</p>
<p>The presentation:pause attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:pause attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:placeholder</h2>
<p>The presentation:placeholder attribute specifies if a shape is a placeholder or a presentation object with content.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>true: the shape is a placeholder.</p></li>
<li><p>false: the shape is a presentation object with content.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value is false.</p>
<p>The presentation:placeholder attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 and &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<p>The presentation:placeholder attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:play-full</h2>
<p>The presentation:play-full attribute specifies when an effect starts.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:play-full attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: effect starts after current effect ends.</p></li>
<li><p>true: effect starts after the sound specified by its parent &lt;presentation:sound&gt; element ends.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:play-full attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<p>The presentation:play-full attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:presentation-page-layout-name</h2>
<p>The presentation:presentation-page-layout-name attribute references the style:name 19.502 attribute of a &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; 16.43 element.</p>
<p>The presentation:presentation-page-layout-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 and &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1.</p>
<p>The presentation:presentation-page-layout-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>presentation:preset-class</h2>
<p>The presentation:preset-class attribute specifies the class of the preset that was used to create an animation element. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:preset-class attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>custom: the preset was a user-defined one. This is the default setting.</p></li>
<li><p>entrance: the preset was an entrance effect.</p></li>
<li><p>exit: the preset was an exit effect.</p></li>
<li><p>emphasis: the preset was an emphasis effect.</p></li>
<li><p>motion-path: the preset was a motion path.</p></li>
<li><p>ole-action: the preset was an ole action.</p></li>
<li><p>media-call: the preset was a media call.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is custom.</p>
<p>The presentation:preset-class attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:preset-class attribute are custom, entrance, exit, emphasis, motion-path, ole-action or media-call.</p>
<h2>presentation:preset-id</h2>
<p>The presentation:preset-id attribute specifies the name of the preset that was used to create an animation element.</p>
<p>The presentation:preset-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<p>The presentation:preset-id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:preset-sub-type</h2>
<p>The presentation:preset-sub-type attribute specifies the sub-type of the preset that was used to create an animation element.</p>
<p>The presentation:preset-sub-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<p>The presentation:preset-sub-type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:show</h2>
<p>The presentation:show attribute specifies the name of a &lt;presentation:show&gt; element that is used for the presentation. If the presentation:start-page 19.423 attribute is set, it overrides the value of this attribute.</p>
<p>The presentation:show attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:show attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide</h2>
<p>The presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide attribute specifies whether an additional slide should be shown at the end of the presentation, indicating the presentation is finished.</p>
<p>The slide content is not defined within the document, but is implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: end-of-presentation slide not shown at end of presentation.</p></li>
<li><p>true: end-of-presentation slide shown at end of presentation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:show-logo</h2>
<p>The presentation:show-logo attribute specifies whether an implementation-defined logo is shown on a pause screen.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:show-logo attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: logo not shown on pause screen.</p></li>
<li><p>true: logo shown on pause screen.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The presentation:show-logo attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:show-logo attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:source</h2>
<p>The presentation:source attribute specifies whether the current date/time or the fixed content of the field declaration is displayed.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fixed: display content of the attribute&#039;s &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; element</p></li>
<li><p>current-date: display the current date/time as reported by the operating system</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; 10.9.3.6.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:source attribute are fixed or current-date.</p>
<h2>presentation:speed</h2>
<p>The presentation:speed attribute specifies the speed of an effect.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:speed attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fast: The fast speed should be faster than the speed the implementation chooses for the values medium and slow. </p></li>
<li><p>medium: The medium speed should be faster than the speed the implementation chooses for the value slow, and slower than the speed the implementation chooses for the value fast.</p></li>
<li><p>slow: The slow speed should be slower than the speed the implementation chooses for the values medium and fast. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The rates specified by these values are implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is medium.</p>
<p>The presentation:speed attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:play&gt; 10.8.8, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:speed attribute are slow, medium or fast.</p>
<h2>presentation:start-scale</h2>
<p>The presentation:start-scale attribute specifies the start size of a shape as a percentage of its original size, which is given by the svg:width 19.575 and svg:height 19.543 attributes of the element specifying the shape.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 100%.</p>
<p>The presentation:start-scale attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt; 10.8.5, &lt;presentation:hide-text&gt; 10.8.6, &lt;presentation:show-shape&gt; 10.8.3 and &lt;presentation:show-text&gt; 10.8.4.</p>
<p>The presentation:start-scale attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>presentation:start-page</h2>
<p>The presentation:start-page attribute specifies the name of the page on which the presentation starts. If this attribute is set, it overrides the presentation:show 19.417 attribute.</p>
<p>The presentation:start-page attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:start-page attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:start-with-navigator</h2>
<p>The presentation:start-with-navigator attribute specifies whether a navigator window is initially displayed during a presentation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:start-with-navigator attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: navigator window not displayed initially during a presentation.</p></li>
<li><p>true: navigator window displayed initially during a presentation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The presentation:start-with-navigator attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:start-with-navigator attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:stay-on-top</h2>
<p>The presentation:stay-on-top attribute specifies whether a presentation window is displayed on top of other windows during a presentation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:stay-on-top attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: presentation window need not be displayed on top of other windows during a presentation.</p></li>
<li><p>true: presentation window shall be displayed on top of other windows during a presentation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The presentation:stay-on-top attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The presentation:stay-on-top attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:style-name</h2>
<p>The presentation:style-name attribute specifies a style for a presentation shape. </p>
<p>The value of the attribute is the name of a &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 element that has a family value of presentation. The formatting properties of the specified style and its parent styles are used to format the shape.</p>
<p>The presentation:style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The presentation:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>presentation:transition-on-click</h2>
<p>The presentation:transition-on-click attributes specifies whether a mouse click 19.406 on a slide during a presentation triggers a transition. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:transition-on-click attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>disabled: mouse click on a slide during a presentation does not trigger a transition.</p></li>
<li><p>enabled: mouse click on a slide during a presentation triggers a transition. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is enabled.</p>
<p>The presentation:transition-on-click attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:settings&gt; 10.9.3.7.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:transition-on-click attribute are enabled or disabled.</p>
<h2>presentation:use-date-time-name</h2>
<p>The presentation:use-date-time-name attribute specifies the name of the &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; 10.9.3.6 that is used for all &lt;presentation:date-time&gt; 10.9.3.5 elements that are displayed on a page.</p>
<p>The presentation:use-date-time-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19 and &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1.</p>
<p>The presentation:use-date-time-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:use-footer-name</h2>
<p>The presentation:use-footer-name attribute specifies the name of the &lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt; 10.9.3.4 element that is used for all &lt;presentation:footer&gt; 10.9.3.3 elements that are displayed on a page.</p>
<p>The presentation:use-footer-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19 and &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1.</p>
<p>The presentation:use-footer-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:use-header-name</h2>
<p>The presentation:use-header-name attribute specifies the name of the &lt;presentation:header-decl&gt; 10.9.3.2 element that is used for all &lt;presentation:header&gt; 10.9.3.1 elements that are displayed on a page.</p>
<p>The presentation:use-header-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19 and &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1.</p>
<p>The presentation:use-header-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:user-transformed</h2>
<p>The presentation:user-transformed attribute specifies whether the size and position of the shape is set by the user or is set by the corresponding presentation shape on the master page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:user-transformed attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: size and position of shape set by corresponding presentation shape on master page.</p></li>
<li><p>true: size and position of shape set by user. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:user-transformed attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2 and &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14.</p>
<p>The presentation:user-transformed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:verb</h2>
<p>The presentation:verb attribute specifies the [OLE] verb that is executed for event listeners of type verb at the object that contains this event.</p>
<p>The presentation:verb attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2.</p>
<p>The presentation:verb attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>script:event-name</h2>
<p>The script:event-name attribute specifies the name of an event. </p>
<p>Event names should begin with a namespace prefix followed by a “:” (U+003A, COLON).</p>
<p>Where appropriate, producers should use the event names described in [DOMEvents2]. The corresponding namespace is “http://www.w3.org/2001/xml-events”.</p>
<p>Note: Event names defined in [DOMEvents2] are not namespaced. If used in OpenDocument, they should be preceded by a namespace prefix as described above</p>
<p>Table 15 specifies events defined in [DOMEvents2] that have an equivalent event in HTML. The namespace used for these events is “http://www.w3.org/2001/xml-events”“. </p>
<p>Table 15 - Script Events</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Value of script:event-name Attribute</p></th><th><p>Equivalent HTML Event</p></th><th><p>Description of Event</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>dom:change</p></td><td><p>onchange</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a control is no longer focused and the value of the control was modified since it was given focus.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dom:DOMFocusIn</p></td><td><p>onfocus</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a control is given focus using the mouse or the TAB key.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dom:DOMFocusOut</p></td><td><p>onblur</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a control is no longer focused as a result of moving the mouse or by tabbing navigation. </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dom:mousedown</p></td><td><p>onmousedown</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a mouse button is pressed on a control.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dom:mousemove</p></td><td><p>onmousemove</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the mouse pointer is moved onto a control.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dom:mouseover</p></td><td><p>onmouseover</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the mouse pointer is moved over the control.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dom:mouseup</p></td><td><p>onmouseup</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a mouse button is released on a control.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dom:mouseout</p></td><td><p>onmouseout</p></td><td><p>Occurs when the mouse pointer is moved away from a control.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dom:reset</p></td><td><p>onreset</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form is reset.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>dom:submit</p></td><td><p>onsubmit</p></td><td><p>Occurs when a form is submitted.</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The script:event-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2 and &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2.</p>
<p>The script:event-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>script:language</h2>
<p>The attribute script:language specifies the name of a script. Script language names are implementation-dependent. The names identifying script languages should begin with a namespace prefix, followed by a &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON) separator. If a namespace prefix is present, the local name of the attribute value is considered to be a name in the XML namespace bound to the namespace prefix.</p>
<p>The script:language attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:script&gt; 3.13, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2 and &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9.</p>
<p>The script:language attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>script:macro-name</h2>
<p>The script:macro-name attribute specifies the name of a macro. The interpretation of the name is script-language-dependent.</p>
<p>The script:macro-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2.</p>
<p>The script:macro-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:accelerate</h2>
<p>See §11.1.2 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The defined range for the smil:accelerate attribute is 0 to 1, inclusive. </p>
<p>The default value for a smil:accelerate attribute is 0, meaning no acceleration. </p>
<p>The smil:accelerate attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:accelerate attribute has values of type decimal 18.2 in the range [0,1].</p>
<h2>smil:accumulate</h2>
<p>See §3.4.3 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:accumulate attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:accumulate attribute are none or sum.</p>
<h2>smil:additive</h2>
<p>See §3.4.3 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:additive attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:additive attribute are replace or sum.</p>
<h2>smil:attributeName</h2>
<p>See §3.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The defined values for the smil:attributeName attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>charColor: animates the element&#039;s text color.</p></li>
<li><p>charFontName: animates the element&#039;s text font.</p></li>
<li><p>charHeight: animates the element&#039;s text height.</p></li>
<li><p>charPosture: animates the element&#039;s text posture.</p></li>
<li><p>charUnderline: animates the element&#039;s text underline.</p></li>
<li><p>charWeight: animates the element&#039;s text weight.</p></li>
<li><p>color: animates the element&#039;s color, this animates both fill, line and text color. Values can be RGB or HSL.</p></li>
<li><p>fillColor: animates the element&#039;s fill color.</p></li>
<li><p>fillStyle: animates the element&#039;s fill style.</p></li>
<li><p>height: animates the element&#039;s height, values are given in screen space where 0 is no height and 1 is the same height as the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>lineColor: animates the element&#039;s line color.</p></li>
<li><p>lineStyle: animates the element&#039;s line style.</p></li>
<li><p>opacity: animates the element&#039;s opacity.</p></li>
<li><p>rotate: animates the element&#039;s rotation, this animates both the shapes and text animation.</p></li>
<li><p>skewX: animates the element&#039;s horizontal skew.</p></li>
<li><p>skewY: animates the element’s vertical skew.</p></li>
<li><p>visibility: animates the element&#039;s visibility.</p></li>
<li><p>width: animates the element&#039;s width, values are given in screen space where 0 is no width and 1 is the same width as the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>x: animates the element&#039;s x position, values are given in screen space where 0 is the left edge and 1 is the right edge.</p></li>
<li><p>y: animates the element&#039;s y position, values are given in screen space where 0 is the top and 1 is the bottom.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The smil:attributeName attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3 and &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4.</p>
<p>The smil:attributeName attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:autoReverse</h2>
<p>See §11.1.2 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The smil:autoReverse attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:autoReverse attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>smil:begin</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:begin attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:begin attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:by</h2>
<p>See §3.4.4 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:by attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:by attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:calcMode</h2>
<p>See §3.4.2 and §3.7.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>For &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2 and &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6 elements the default value for this attribute is discrete.</p>
<p>For a &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5 element the default value for this attribute is paced.</p>
<p>The smil:calcMode attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:calcMode attribute are discrete, linear, paced or spline.</p>
<h2>smil:decelerate</h2>
<p>See §11.1.2 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The defined range for the smil:decelerate attribute is 0 to 1, inclusive. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<p>The smil:decelerate attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:decelerate attribute has values of type decimal 18.2 in the range [0,1].</p>
<h2>smil:direction</h2>
<p>See §12.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>For a &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7 element the default value for this attribute is forward.</p>
<p>The smil:direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:direction attribute are forward or reverse.</p>
<h2>smil:dur</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:dur attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:dur attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:end</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:end attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:end attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:endsync</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:endsync attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 and &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:endsync attribute are first, last, all, media or a value of type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:fadeColor</h2>
<p>See §12.5.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is #000000.</p>
<p>The smil:fadeColor attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:fadeColor attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>smil:fill</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:fill attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:fill attribute are remove, freeze, hold, auto, default or transition.</p>
<h2>smil:fillDefault</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:fillDefault attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:fillDefault attribute are remove, freeze, hold, transition, auto or inherit.</p>
<h2>smil:from</h2>
<p>See §3.4.4 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:from attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:from attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:keySplines</h2>
<p>See $3.7.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:keySplines attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6 and &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5.</p>
<p>The smil:keySplines attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:keyTimes</h2>
<p>See $3.7.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:keyTimes attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6 and &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5.</p>
<p>The smil:keyTimes attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:mode</h2>
<p>See §12.5.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is in.</p>
<p>The smil:mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:mode attribute are in or out.</p>
<h2>smil:repeatCount</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:repeatCount attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:repeatCount attribute are a non negative value of type decimal 18.2 or indefinite.</p>
<h2>smil:repeatDur</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The value of the smil:repeatDur attribute can be indefinite, or a clock-value as defined in $10.3.1 of SMIL</p>
<p>The smil:repeatDur attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:repeatDur attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:restart</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is default.</p>
<p>The smil:restart attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:restart attribute are never, always, whenNotActive or default.</p>
<h2>smil:restartDefault</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is inherit.</p>
<p>The smil:restartDefault attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:restartDefault attribute are never, always, whenNotActive or inherit.</p>
<h2>smil:subtype</h2>
<p>See §12.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>Note: See §12.8 of [SMIL20] for a list of supported subtypes.</p>
<p>The smil:subtype attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:subtype attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:targetElement</h2>
<p>See §3.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>Drawing shapes are specified by their xml:id or draw:id attribute values and paragraphs by their xml:id or text:id attribute values.</p>
<p>If the anim:sub-item attribute of a &lt;anim:iterate&gt; element has the value whole, the iteration includes the drawing shape&#039;s background and its text. If the anim:sub-item 19.11 attribute value is text, only the shape&#039;s text is iterated.</p>
<p>The smil:targetElement attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:targetElement attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:to</h2>
<p>See §3.4.4 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:to attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3, &lt;anim:set&gt; 15.2.4 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:to attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:type</h2>
<p>The [SMIL20] smil:type attribute specifies a transition type or family.</p>
<p>See §12.8 of [SMIL20] for a list of supported types.</p>
<p>If this attribute is present, the attributes presentation:transition-type and presentation:transition-style attributes should be ignored.</p>
<p>The smil:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:values</h2>
<p>See $3.4.2 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:values attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:animate&gt; 15.2.2, &lt;anim:animateColor&gt; 15.2.6, &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5, &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3 and &lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt; 15.2.7.</p>
<p>The smil:values attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:adjustment</h2>
<p>The style:adjustment attribute specifies how a footnote separator line is aligned on a page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:adjustment attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>center: footnote separator line centered on page.</p></li>
<li><p>left: footnote separator line aligned to left on page.</p></li>
<li><p>right: footnote separator line aligned to right on page.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is left.</p>
<p>The style:adjustment attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<p>The values of the style:adjustment attribute are left, center or right.</p>
<h2>style:apply-style-name</h2>
<p>The style:apply-style-name attribute specifies the style to apply when the condition specified by the style:condition 19.472 attribute is true. If the referenced style is undefined or is an automatic style, an error occurs.</p>
<p>The referenced style shall be defined by the same type of element as the conditional style that contains the condition. If the referenced style element has a style:family 19.472 attribute, its value further shall be equal the value of the style:family attribute of the conditional style.</p>
<p>The style:apply-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3.</p>
<p>The style:apply-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:auto-update</h2>
<p>The style:auto-update attribute specifies whether styles are automatically updated when the formatting properties of an object that has the style assigned to it are changed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:auto-update attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a change to a formatting property is applied for the object where the change was made. If necessary, a new automatic style will be created which is applied to the object where the change was made.</p></li>
<li><p>true: a change to a formatting property results in the updating of the common style that is applied to an object. The formatting change is applied to all objects subject to the common style where the change was made. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The style:auto-update attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The style:auto-update attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:base-cell-address</h2>
<p>The style:base-cell-address attribute specifies as an absolute cell address with a table name the base cell for relative addresses in formulas. This attribute applies only to cell styles where the condition contains a formula.</p>
<p>The style:base-cell-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3.</p>
<p>The style:base-cell-address attribute has the data type cellAddress 18.3.4.</p>
<h2>style:char</h2>
<p>The style:char attribute specifies the delimiter character for tab stops of type char.</p>
<p>The style:char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<p>The style:char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<h2>style:class</h2>
<p>The style:class attribute specifies a style class name. </p>
<p> A style may belong to an arbitrary class of styles. The style class name is an arbitrary string. The style class name has no meaning within the file format itself, but it can for instance be evaluated by user interfaces to show a list of styles where the styles are grouped by its name.</p>
<p>The style:class attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The style:class attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:color</h2>
<p>The style:color attribute specifies the color of a column or footnote separator line.</p>
<p>For a &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14 element the default value for this attribute is #000000.</p>
<p>The style:color attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14 and &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<p>The style:color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>style:condition</h2>
<p>The style:condition attribute specifies a condition that triggers a style map.</p>
<p>The value of this attribute should be a namespace prefix, followed by a &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON), followed by one of the defined conditions. If the namespace prefix is missing it defaults to the &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2&quot; namespace. The XML namespace that applies to the style:condition attribute specifies the syntax and semantics of any expression occurrences in the style:condition syntax.</p>
<p>If a consumer does not recognize a condition, it shall ignore the &lt;style:map&gt; element containing the condition.</p>
<p>The defined conditions that may be used by paragraph styles are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>footnote() and endnote(): true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a footnote or endnote.</p></li>
<li><p>header() and footer(): true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a page header or footer.</p></li>
<li><p>list-level()=<em>n</em>, where <em>n</em> is a number: true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a list on level <em>n</em>, or to a numbered paragraph on level <em>n</em>.</p></li>
<li><p>outline-level()=<em>n</em>, where <em>n</em> is a number: true if the if the style is applied to a heading on level n.</p></li>
<li><p>section(): true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a text section.</p></li>
<li><p>table() and table-header(): true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a table cell or table header cell.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Within paragraph style conditions <em>n</em> is a positive integer in the lexical form of the [xmlschema-2] positiveInteger datatype.</p>
<p>The defined conditions that may be used by table cell styles are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>cell-content() <em>op</em> <em>value</em>: where <em>op</em> is one of the relational operators ”&lt;”, ”&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, ”=” or ”!=”: true if the style is applied to a table cell where the cell&#039;s value compared to the value specified in the condition by <em>value</em> using the relational operator <em>op</em> evaluates to true.</p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-is-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true if the style is applied to a table cell whose value is between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-is-not-between(<em>value</em>, <em>value</em>): true if the style is applied to a table cell whose value is not between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</p></li>
<li><p>is-true-formula(<em>expression</em>): true if the style is applied to a table cell for which formula evaluates true.</p></li>
</ul>
<p> Within table cell style conditions:</p>
<ul>
<li><ul>
<li><p><em>value</em>, <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em> are a <em>numberValue</em>, a <em>string</em> or an <em>expression</em>.</p></li>
<li><p><em>numberValue</em> is a whole or decimal number in the lexical form of the [xmlschema-2] decimal datatype.</p></li>
<li><p><em>string</em> expresses a value of the [xmlschema-2] string datatype by surrounding the sequence of string characters in quotation marks (U+0022, QUOTATION MARK). A quotation mark within the string itself is expressed with two consecutive quotation marks. </p></li>
<li><p><em>expression</em> is a lexical form that is neither <em>numberValue</em> nor <em>string</em> and that is a well-formed expression determined by the namespace applicable to the style:condition attribute value.</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>The defined condition that may be used by data styles is:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>value() <em>op</em> <em>n</em>, where, <em>op</em> is one of the relational operators ”&lt;”, ”&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, “=” or ”!=”, and <em>n</em> is a number for non-Boolean data styles and true or false for Boolean data styles: true if the style is applied to a table cell where the cell&#039;s value compared to the value specified in the condition by <em>n</em> using the relational operator <em>op</em> evaluates to true.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Relative cell range addresses that occur in a condition for a table cell style define an offset which shall be interpreted relative to the cell for which a condition is calculated. The offset is the same as the offsets between the table cell addressed by the relative cell range address and the table cell specified by the style:base-cell-address attribute. </p>
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator makes available the host-dependent properties defined by Table 16 Host-dependent Properties in 19.646.</p>
<p>The style:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:map&gt; 16.3.</p>
<p>The style:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:data-style-name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies the name of a data style. </p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a date and time. </p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt; 10.9.3.6.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:style&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style for a &lt;style:style&gt; element that defines the styles for table cell styles and chart styles. </p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value. </p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:expression&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute specifies a data style to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value type is not string.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:default-outline-level</h2>
<p>The style:default-outline-level attribute specifies a default outline level for a style with the style:family 19.480 attribute value paragraph. </p>
<p>If the style:default-outline-level attribute is present in a paragraph style, and if this paragraph style is assigned to a paragraph or heading by user action, then the consumer should replace the paragraph or heading with a heading of the specified level, which has the same content and attributes as the original paragraph or heading. </p>
<p>Note: This attribute does not modify the behavior of &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3 or &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2 elements, but only instructs a consumer to create one or the other when assigning a paragraph style as a result of user interface action while the document is edited.</p>
<p>The style:default-outline-level attribute value can be empty. If empty, this attribute does not inherit a list style value from a parent style. </p>
<p>The style:default-outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:default-outline-level attribute are a value of type positiveInteger 18.2 or an empty string.</p>
<h2>style:display</h2>
<p>The style:display attribute specifies whether the header or footer is displayed or not. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: header or footer is not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: header or footer is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The style:display attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:footer&gt; 16.12, &lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13, &lt;style:footer-left&gt; 16.15, &lt;style:header&gt; 16.10, &lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 and &lt;style:header-left&gt; 16.14.</p>
<p>The style:display attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:display-name</h2>
<p>The style:display-name attribute specifies the name of a style as it should appear in the user interface. If this attribute is not present, the display name should be the same as the style name.</p>
<p>The style:display-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; 16.43, &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 and &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<p>The style:display-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:distance</h2>
<p>The style:distance attribute specifies the distance between the last of the characters using the larger font and the first of the remaining characters of each line.</p>
<p>Note: If the leading characters for a paragraph span the line size of a portion of the remaining text of a paragraph, the style:distance attribute specifies the distance between the end of the text written in the larger font and the smaller text of any lines that it spans. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<p>The style:distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; 17.9.</p>
<p>The style:distance attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:distance-before-sep</h2>
<p>The style:distance-before-sep attribute specifies the space between the body-text area and a footnote separator line.</p>
<p>The style:distance-before-sep attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<p>The style:distance-before-sep attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:distance-after-sep</h2>
<p>The style:distance-after-sep attribute specifies the space between a footnote separator line and the footnote text.</p>
<p>The style:distance-after-sep attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<p>The style:distance-after-sep attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:family</h2>
<p>The style:family attribute specifies the family of a style. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:family attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>chart: family name of styles for charts.</p></li>
<li><p>drawing-page: family name of styles for drawing pages.</p></li>
<li><p>graphic: family name of styles for graphic elements.</p></li>
<li><p>paragraph: family name of styles for paragraphs.</p></li>
<li><p>presentation: family name of styles for presentations.</p></li>
<li><p>ruby: family name of styles for ruby text.</p></li>
<li><p>table: family name of styles for tables.</p></li>
<li><p>table-cell: family name of styles for table cells.</p></li>
<li><p>table-column: family name of styles for table columns.</p></li>
<li><p>table-row: family name of styles for table rows.</p></li>
<li><p>text: family name of styles for text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:family attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:default-style&gt; 16.4 and &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<h2>style:filter-name</h2>
<p>The style:filter-name attribute specifies the implementation-dependent filter name that has been used to load an image into the document.</p>
<p>This attribute is attached to a &lt;style:background-image&gt; element.</p>
<p>The style:filter-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<p>The style:filter-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:font-adornments</h2>
<p>The style:font-adornments attributes specifies a characteristic of a font.</p>
<p>Note: A font characteristic includes bold or italic, which when used with a font family name, specifies a font. </p>
<p>The style:font-adornments attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The style:font-adornments attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:font-charset</h2>
<p>The style:font-charset attribute specifies whether a font defines glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE] or not.</p>
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of [XML1.0]. If the value is x-symbol, the font does not define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. If the value is one of the encodings or transformations of [UNICODE], the font does define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. The use of other values is deprecated.</p>
<p>Note: Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define glyphs for code points in the private use area of [UNICODE].</p>
<p>The style:font-charset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The style:font-charset attribute has the data type textEncoding 18.3.35.</p>
<h2>style:font-family-generic</h2>
<p>The style:font-family-generic attribute specifies a generic font family name.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-family-generic attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>modern: the family of modern fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </p></li>
<li><p>script: the family of script fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </p></li>
<li><p>system: the family system fonts. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-family-generic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-family-generic attribute are roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<h2>style:font-pitch</h2>
<p>The style:font-pitch attribute specifies whether a font has a fixed or variable width.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-pitch attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fixed: font has a fixed width.</p></li>
<li><p>variable: font has a variable width.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-pitch attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-pitch attribute are fixed or variable.</p>
<h2>style:height</h2>
<p>The style:height attribute specifies the height of a column separator line. The value of this attribute is a percentage of the height of the columned area.</p>
<p>The defined value range for the style:height attribute is 0% to 100%, inclusive.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 100%.</p>
<p>The style:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14.</p>
<p>The style:height attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>style:leader-char</h2>
<p>The style:leader-char attribute specifies a leader character.</p>
<p>The style:leader-char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6.</p>
<p>The style:leader-char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<h2>style:leader-color</h2>
<p>The style:leader-color attribute specifies the color of a leader line. The value of this attribute is either font-color or a color. If the value is font-color, the current text color is used for the leader line.</p>
<p>The style:leader-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<p>The values of the style:leader-color attribute are font-color or a value of type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>style:leader-style</h2>
<p>The style:leader-style attribute specifies a style for a leader line. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:leader-style attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: tab stop has no leader line.</p></li>
<li><p>dash: tab stop has a dashed leader line.</p></li>
<li><p>dot-dash: tab stop has a leader line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed by a dash.</p></li>
<li><p>dot-dot-dash: tab stop has a leader line whose repeating pattern has two dots followed by a dash. </p></li>
<li><p>dotted: tab stop has a dotted leader line.</p></li>
<li><p>long-dash: tab stop has a dashed leader line whose dashes are longer than the ones from the dashed line for value dash.</p></li>
<li><p>solid: tab stop has a solid leader line.</p></li>
<li><p>wave: tab stop has a wavy leader line.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the style:leader-style attribute are based on the text decoration style &#039;text-underline-style&#039; from [CSS3Text], §9.2.</p>
<p>The style:leader-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<p>The values of the style:leader-style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<h2>style:leader-text</h2>
<p>The style:leader-text attribute specifies a single Unicode character for use as leader text for tab stops.</p>
<p>An consumer may support only specific characters as textual leaders. If a character that is not supported by a consumer is specified by this attribute, the consumer should display a leader character that it supports instead of the one specified by this attribute. </p>
<p>If both style:leader-text and style:leader-style 19.480 attributes are specified, the value of the style:leader-text sets the leader text for tab stops.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “ ” (U+0020, SPACE).</p>
<p>The style:leader-text attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<p>The style:leader-text attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<h2>style:leader-text-style</h2>
<p>The style:leader-text-style specifies a text style that is applied to a textual leader. It is not applied to leader lines. If the attribute appears in an automatic style, it may reference either an automatic text style or a common style. If the attribute appears in a common style, it may reference a common style only.</p>
<p>The style:leader-text-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<p>The style:leader-text-style attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:leader-type</h2>
<p>The style:leader-type attribute specifies whether a leader line should be drawn, and if so, whether a single or double line will be used.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:leader-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>double: a double line is drawn.</p></li>
<li><p>none: no line is drawn.</p></li>
<li><p>single: a single line is drawn.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:leader-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<p>The values of the style:leader-type attribute are none, single or double.</p>
<h2>style:leader-width</h2>
<p>The style:leader-width attribute specifies the width (i.e., thickness) of a leader line.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:leader-width attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: the width of a leader line should be calculated from the font size of the text where the leader line will appear. </p></li>
<li><p>bold: the width of a leader line should be calculated from the font size of the text where the leader line will appear but is wider than for the value of auto. </p></li>
<li><p>a value of type percent 18.3.23</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveInteger 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The line widths referenced by the values medium, normal, thick and thin are implementation-defined. </p>
<p>The style:leader-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<p>The values of the style:leader-width attribute are auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type positiveInteger 18.2, a value of type percent 18.3.23 or a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:legend-expansion</h2>
<p>The style:legend-expansion attribute specifies the direction in which a legend expands. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:legend-expansion attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>balanced: legend expands horizontally and vertically.</p></li>
<li><p>custom: with a style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio 19.495 attribute legend expands according to the specified ratio.</p></li>
<li><p>high: legend expands vertically. </p></li>
<li><p>wide: legend expands horizontally.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:legend-expansion attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
<h2>style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio</h2>
<p>The style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio attribute specifies the ratio between width and height for a style:legend-expansion 19.494 attribute with value custom.</p>
<p>The style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
<p>The style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:length</h2>
<p>The style:length attribute specifies the number of characters that are displayed in a larger font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:length attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>word: specifies a set of characters to be displayed in a larger font.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveInteger 18.2</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: What will be treated as a “word” by a consumer is locale-specific. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The style:length attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; 17.9.</p>
<p>The values of the style:length attribute are word or a value of type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:line-style</h2>
<p>The style:line-style attribute specifies the style of a footnote separator line.</p>
<p>The defined value for the style:line-style attribute is none: no footnote separator line is drawn.</p>
<p>The footnote separator components referenced by the values dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash, dotted, long-dash, solid and wave, are implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The style:line-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<p>The values of the style:line-style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<h2>style:lines</h2>
<p>The style:lines attribute specifies the number of text lines which a font spans. If the value of this attribute is 1, &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; is disabled.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The style:lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; 17.9.</p>
<p>The style:lines attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:list-level</h2>
<p>The style:list-level attribute specifies the list level value of a list style that may be applied to any paragraph style. It does not directly specify the paragraph&#039;s list level value, but consumers can change the paragraph&#039;s list level value to the specified value when the paragraph style is applied. It is valid only if the style:list-style-name 19.480 attribute is specified and is not empty, and if the style:family 19.480 attribute has the value paragraph.</p>
<p>The style:list-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:list-level attribute are a value of type positiveInteger 18.2 or an empty string.</p>
<h2>style:list-style-name</h2>
<p>The style:list-style-name attribute specifies a list style for style families with paragraph formatting properties. This applies to automatic and common styles.</p>
<p>The list style specified by this attribute is applied to headings and paragraphs that are contained in a list, where the list does not specify a list style itself, and the list has no list style specification for any of its parents.</p>
<p>The style:list-style-name attribute value can be empty. If empty, this attribute does not inherit a list style value from a parent style. </p>
<p>The style:list-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:list-style-name attribute are a value of type styleName 18.3.31 or an empty string.</p>
<h2>style:master-page-name</h2>
<p>The style:master-page-name attribute defines a master page for a paragraph or table style. This applies to automatic and common styles. &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>If this attribute is associated with a style, a page break is inserted when the style is applied and the specified master page is applied to the resulting page.</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if it is associated with a paragraph style that is applied to a paragraph within a table.</p>
<p>The style:master-page-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The style:master-page-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The style:name attribute specifies names that reference style mechanisms.</p>
<h3>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;, &lt;number:currency-style&gt;, &lt;number:date-style&gt;, &lt;number:number-style&gt;, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt;, &lt;number:text-style&gt;, &lt;number:time-style&gt;, &lt;style:master-page&gt;, &lt;style:page-layout&gt;, &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;, &lt;style:style&gt;, &lt;text:list-style&gt;, &lt;text:outline-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:name attribute specifies the name of a:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>data style - It can be used with all data style elements.</p></li>
<li><p>list style</p></li>
<li><p>master page - Each master page is referenced using the page name. The name specified shall be unique to the document instance.</p></li>
<li><p>outline style - The outline style as a list style can be referenced by the style:list-style-name 19.500 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>page layout </p></li>
<li><p>style – With the style:family 19.480 attribute, the style:name attribute uniquely identifies a style. The &lt;office:styles&gt; 3.15.2, &lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 and &lt;office:master-styles&gt; 3.15.4 elements each shall not contain two styles with the same family and the same name.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For automatic styles, the name may be generated by OpenDocument producers. For each style family or style element, producers should generate distinct sets of names for automatic styles stored in the content.xml 3.1.3.2 and styles.xml 3.1.3.3 files. The names should also be distinct from the names used in the &lt;office:styles&gt; element inside the styles.xml files.</p>
<p>Note: If the document is produced multiple times, it cannot be assumed that the same name is generated each time. </p>
<p>The style:name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26, &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19, &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9, &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5, &lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt; 16.43, &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2, &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32 and &lt;text:outline-style&gt; 16.36.</p>
<p>The style:name attribute has the data type styleName 18.3.31.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:name attribute specifies a unique name for a font declaration. This name can be used inside styles as an attribute of the &lt;style:text-properties&gt; element) as the value of a style:font-name attribute to immediately select a font face declaration.</p>
<p>The style:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The style:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:next-style-name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute specifies a style to be used with pages and paragraphs.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute specifies the name of the master page that is used for the next page if the current page is entirely filled. If the next style name is not specified, the current master page is used for the next page. The value of this attribute shall be the name of a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element.</p>
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:style&gt;</h3>
<p>Within styles for paragraphs, style:next-style-name attribute specifies the style to be used for the next paragraph if a paragraph break is inserted in the user interface. By default, the current style is used as the next style.</p>
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The style:next-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:num-format</h2>
<p>The style:num-format attribute specifies a numbering sequence. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:num-format attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>1: Hindu-Arabic number sequence starts with 1.</p></li>
<li><p>a: number sequence of lowercase Modern Latin basic alphabet characters starts with “a”.</p></li>
<li><p>A: number sequence of uppercase Modern Latin basic alphabet characters starts with “A”.</p></li>
<li><p>i: number sequence of lowercase Roman numerals starts with “i”.</p></li>
<li><p>I: number sequence of uppercase Roman numerals start with “I”.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type string 18.2.</p></li>
<li><p>an empty string: no number sequence displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If no value is given, no number sequence is displayed. </p>
<p>The style:num-format attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34, &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<p>The values of the style:num-format attribute are 1, i, I, a value of type string 18.2, an empty string, a or A.</p>
<h2>style:num-letter-sync</h2>
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute specifies whether letter synchronization shall take place. If letters are used in alphabetical order for numbering, there are two ways to process overflows within a digit, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: A new digit is inserted that always has the same value as the following digit. The numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in that case is a, b, c, ..., z, aa, bb, cc, ..., zz, aaa, ..., and so on.</p></li>
<li><p>true: A new digit is inserted. Its start value is ”a” or ”A”, and it is incremented every time an overflow occurs in the following digit. The numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in that case is a,b,c, ..., z, aa, ab, ac, ...,az, ba, ..., and so on. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:character-count&gt; 7.5.18.5, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6, &lt;text:image-count&gt; 7.5.18.7, &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34, &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3, &lt;text:object-count&gt; 7.5.18.8, &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37, &lt;text:page-count&gt; 7.5.18.2, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:page-variable-get&gt; 7.7.1.3, &lt;text:paragraph-count&gt; 7.5.18.3, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:table-count&gt; 7.5.18.6 and &lt;text:word-count&gt; 7.5.18.4.</p>
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:num-prefix</h2>
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute specifies what to display before a number.</p>
<p>If the style:num-prefix and style:num-suffix values do not contain any character that has a Unicode category of Nd, Nl, No, Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an [XSLT] format attribute can be created from the OpenDocument attributes by concatenating the values of the style:num-prefix, style:num-format 19.507, and style:num-suffix 19.500 attributes.</p>
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute can also specify a character before the value of a text:bullet-char 19.765 attribute. </p>
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34, &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:num-suffix</h2>
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute specifies what to display after a number.</p>
<p>If the style:num-prefix 19.765 and style:num-suffix 19.507 values do not contain any character that has a Unicode category of Nd, Nl, No, Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an [XSLT] format attribute can be created from the OpenDocument attributes by concatenating the values of the style:num-prefix, style:num-format, and style:num-suffix attributes.</p>
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute can also specify a character after the value of a text:bullet-char 19.765 attribute. </p>
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34, &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:page-layout-name</h2>
<p>The style:page-layout-name attribute specifies a page layout style that contains sizes, border and orientation attributes. </p>
<p>The style:page-layout-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;presentation:notes&gt; 16.19, &lt;style:handout-master&gt; 10.2.1 and &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9.</p>
<p>The style:page-layout-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:page-usage</h2>
<p>The style:page-usage attribute specifies the type of pages that a master page should generate.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:page-usage attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>all: if there are no &lt;style:header-left&gt; or &lt;style:footer-left&gt; elements, the header and footer content is the same for left and right pages.</p></li>
<li><p>left: &lt;style:header-right&gt; and &lt;style:footer-right&gt; elements are ignored.</p></li>
<li><p>mirrored: if there are no &lt;style:header-left&gt; or &lt;style:footer-left&gt; elements, the header and footer content is the same for left and right pages.</p></li>
<li><p>right: &lt;style:header-left&gt; and &lt;style:footer-left&gt; elements are ignored.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is all.</p>
<p>The style:page-usage attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5.</p>
<p>The values of the style:page-usage attribute are all, left, right or mirrored.</p>
<h2>style:parent-style-name</h2>
<p>The style:parent-style-name attribute specifies the name of a parent style. The parent style cannot be an automatic style and shall exist.</p>
<p>If a parent style is not specified, the default style which has the same style:family 19.480 attribute value as the current style is used.</p>
<p>The style:parent-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The style:parent-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:percentage-data-style-name</h2>
<p>The style:percentage-data-style-name attribute references the name of a percentage data style.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:data-label-number attribute when the chart:data-label-number attribute has the value percentage or the value value-and-percentage.</p>
<p>The style:percentage-data-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:style&gt; 16.2.</p>
<p>The style:percentage-data-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:position</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>This attribute defines a position.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:position attribute specifies the position of a background image. Its value can be a space-separated combination of top, center or bottom for the vertical position and left, center or right for the horizontal position. The vertical and horizontal positions can be specified in any order. If one position is specified, the other position defaults to center. </p>
<p>For a &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3 element the default value for this attribute is center.</p>
<p>The style:position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<p>The values of the style:position attribute are left, center, right, top, bottom, or two white space separated values, that may appear in any order. One of these values is one of: left, center or right. The other value is one of: top, center or bottom.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:position attribute specifies the position of a tab stop. Depending on the value of the text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861 attribute in the &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2 or &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2 parent element, the position of the tab is interpreted as being relative to the left margin or the left indent. </p>
<p>The style:position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<p>The style:position attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:position attribute specifies the position of a tab stop. If the value of the style:type attribute is left, then this attribute shall be present. Otherwise, it shall be omitted. </p>
<p>Depending on the value of the text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861 attribute in the &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.5.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2 or &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2 parent element, the position of the tab is interpreted as being relative to the left margin or the left indent.</p>
<p>The style:position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6.</p>
<p>The style:position attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:rel-height</h2>
<p>The style:rel-height attribute specifies height of a drawing object as a relative value within a frame. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:rel-height attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>scale: the height should be calculated depending on the width, so that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size is preserved.</p></li>
<li><p>scale-min: the height should be calculated as for value scale, but the calculated height is a minimum height rather than an absolute one.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The interpretation of percentage values depends on the anchor of the drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, the percentage values is relative to the width of the page or window.</p>
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width and heights, producers should also provide the height in svg:height and fo:min-height attributes.</p>
<p>The style:rel-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:rel-height attribute are a value of type percent 18.3.23, scale or scale-min.</p>
<h2>style:rel-width</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies widths.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies the width of a drawing object as a relative value within a frame. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:rel-width attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>scale:the width should be calculated depending on the height, so that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size is preserved.</p></li>
<li><p>scale-min: the width should be calculated as for value scale, but the calculated width is a minimum width rather than an absolute one.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The interpretation of percentage values depends on the anchor of the drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, the percentage values is relative to the width of the page or window.</p>
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width, producers should also provide the width and heights in the svg:width and fo:min-width attributes.</p>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:rel-width attribute are a value of type percent 18.3.23, scale or scale-min.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:column&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies the width of a column. </p>
<p>Column widths are specified as relative widths, that is, a number followed by a &quot;*&quot; (U+002A, ASTERISK) character.  The space available for columns is distributed according to their relative widths.&quot;</p>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column&gt; 17.13.</p>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute has the data type relativeLength 18.3.27.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies the length of the footnote separator line as a percentage of the body-text area.</p>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>style:repeat</h2>
<p>The style:repeat attribute specifies if an image can be repeated or stretched over an area. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:repeat attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>no-repeat: image should not be repeated.</p></li>
<li><p>repeat: image should be repeated.</p></li>
<li><p>stretch: image should be stretched over an area.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3 element the default value for this attribute is repeat.</p>
<p>The style:repeat attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<p>The values of the style:repeat attribute are no-repeat, repeat or stretch.</p>
<h2>style:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the fo:language 19.871, fo:script 19.242 and fo:country 19.234 attributes.</p>
<p>Note. Producers may choose to assist consumers that don&#039;t support the style:rfc-language-tag attribute by specifying fo:language, fo:script and fo:country attributes with values whose combination is otherwise invalid and whose interpretation is therefore implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2 and &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<h2>style:style</h2>
<p>The style:style attribute specifies the line style of a column separator line.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:style attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: no separator line.</p></li>
<li><p>dashed: dashed separator line.</p></li>
<li><p>dot-dashed: separator line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed by a dash.</p></li>
<li><p>dotted: dotted separator line.</p></li>
<li><p>solid: solid separator line.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is solid.</p>
<p>The style:style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14.</p>
<p>The values of the style:style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dashed or dot-dashed.</p>
<h2>style:style-name</h2>
<p>The style:style-name attribute specifies the text style to apply to characters specified by a &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; element.</p>
<p>The style:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drop-cap&gt; 17.9.</p>
<p>The style:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:type</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The style:type attribute specifies a tab stop type.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:type attribute specifies the type of a tab stop within an index entry template. If the value of this attribute is left, the style:position attribute shall also be present. Otherwise, this attribute shall be omitted.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>left: text is left aligned with a tab stop.</p></li>
<li><p>right: text is right aligned with a tab stop.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6.</p>
<p>The values of the style:type attribute are right or left.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:type attribute specifies the type of a tab stop within paragraph formatting properties. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>center: text is centered on a tab stop.</p></li>
<li><p>char: character appears at a tab stop position.</p></li>
<li><p>left: text is left aligned with a tab stop.</p></li>
<li><p>right: text is right aligned with a tab stop.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8 element the default value for this attribute is left.</p>
<p>The style:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:tab-stop&gt; 17.8.</p>
<p>The values of the style:type attribute are left, center, right or char.</p>
<h2>style:vertical-align</h2>
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute specifies how to vertically align a line in a columned area. The value of this attribute can be either top, middle, or bottom.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:vertical-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>bottom: line is aligned with the bottom of a columned area.</p></li>
<li><p>middle: line is aligned with the middle of a columned area.</p></li>
<li><p>top: line is aligned with the top of a columned area.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;style:column-sep&gt; element the default value for this attribute is top.</p>
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14.</p>
<p>The values of the style:vertical-align attribute are top, middle or bottom.</p>
<h2>style:volatile</h2>
<p>The style:volatile attribute specifies whether unused style in a document are retained or discarded by consumers.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:volatile attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: consumers should discard the unused styles.</p></li>
<li><p>true: consumers should keep unused styles.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:volatile attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;number:boolean-style&gt; 16.29.24, &lt;number:currency-style&gt; 16.29.8, &lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11, &lt;number:number-style&gt; 16.29.2, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt; 16.29.10, &lt;number:text-style&gt; 16.29.26 and &lt;number:time-style&gt; 16.29.19.</p>
<p>The style:volatile attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:width</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The style:width attribute specifies a width. </p>
<h3>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:width attribute specifies the width of a column separation.</p>
<p>The style:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:column-sep&gt; 17.14.</p>
<p>The style:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:width attribute width or thickness of a line.</p>
<p>The style:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:footnote-sep&gt; 17.4.</p>
<p>The style:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>svg:accent-height</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:accent-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:accent-height attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:alphabetic</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:alphabetic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:alphabetic attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:ascent</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:ascent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:ascent attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:bbox</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:bbox attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:bbox attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:cap-height</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:cap-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:cap-height attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:cx</h2>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:cx attribute defines the x-axis coordinate of the center of a circular image map area.</p>
<p>The svg:cx attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4.</p>
<p>The svg:cx attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:cx attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8.</p>
<p>The svg:cx attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.4 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:cx attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<p>The svg:cx attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<p>For a &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3 element the default value for this attribute is 50%.</p>
<p>The svg:cx attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:cx attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:cy</h2>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:cy attribute defines the y-axis coordinate of the center of a circular image map area.</p>
<p>The svg:cy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4.</p>
<p>The svg:cy attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:cy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8.</p>
<p>The svg:cy attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.4 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:cy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9.</p>
<p>The svg:cy attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<p>For a &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3 element the default value for this attribute is 50%.</p>
<p>The svg:cy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:cy attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:d</h2>
<p>See §8 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:d attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3, &lt;draw:marker&gt; 16.42.8 and &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7.</p>
<p>The svg:d attribute has the data type pathData 18.3.22.</p>
<h2>svg:descent</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:descent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:descent attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:font-family</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:font-family attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:font-family attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:font-size</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:font-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:font-size attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>svg:font-stretch</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:font-stretch attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:font-stretch attribute are normal, ultra-condensed, extra-condensed, condensed, semi-condensed, semi-expanded, expanded, extra-expanded or ultra-expanded.</p>
<h2>svg:font-style</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:font-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:font-style attribute are normal, italic or oblique.</p>
<h2>svg:font-variant</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:font-variant attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:font-variant attribute are normal or small-caps.</p>
<h2>svg:font-weight</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:font-weight attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:font-weight attribute are normal, bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<h2>svg:fx</h2>
<p>See §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:fx attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:fx attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:fy</h2>
<p>See §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:fy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:fy attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:gradientTransform</h2>
<p>See §13.2.2 and §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:gradientTransform attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 and &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The svg:gradientTransform attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:gradientUnits</h2>
<p>See §13.2.2 and §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is objectBoundingBox.</p>
<p>The svg:gradientUnits attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 and &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The only value of the svg:gradientUnits attribute is objectBoundingBox.</p>
<h2>svg:hanging</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:hanging attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:hanging attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:height</h2>
<h3>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of the entire chart. If it is omitted, the size of the chart is determined by the size of the window in which the chart is displayed.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a legend.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a positioning rectangle, see 11.3.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of the plot-area including axis labels.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute specifies the height of the viewport. </p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a polygonal image map area&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a rectangular image map area.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a contour&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3 and &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute may be used to specify the height of a linked image. Its value is overridden by the height of the linked image resource.</p>
<p>Note: This attribute can be used to estimate the size of a fill image without loading the image data.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>See §5.1.2 of [SVG]. For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the length refers to the drawing shape&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<p>If the svg:width and svg:height attributes specify different values for a &lt;draw:circle&gt; element, the radius of the circle is derived from the smaller of the two values, and the circle is centered within the bounding box.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute specifies the height of the rectangular which displays the annotation. Its meaning is the same as for a &lt;draw:caption&gt; element. See 19.575.12.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<p>See 19.575.12. Percentage values are relative to the height of the drawing page. </p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:ideographic</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:ideographic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:ideographic attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:mathematical</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:mathematical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:mathematical attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:name</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-name&gt; 16.25.</p>
<p>The svg:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:offset</h2>
<p>See §13.2.4 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:offset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:stop&gt; 16.42.4.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:offset attribute are a value of type double 18.2 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:origin</h2>
<p>See §19.2.12 of [SVG].</p>
<p>Note: SVG relies upon the definition of origin in SMIL, see: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-smil-animation-20010904/#MotionOriginAttribute">http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-smil-animation-20010904/#MotionOriginAttribute</a>. </p>
<p>The svg:origin attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5.</p>
<p>The svg:origin attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:overline-position</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:overline-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:overline-position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:overline-thickness</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:overline-thickness attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:overline-thickness attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:panose-1</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:panose-1 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:panose-1 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:path</h2>
<p>See §19.2.12 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:path attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:animateMotion&gt; 15.2.5.</p>
<p>The svg:path attribute has the data type pathData 18.3.22.</p>
<h2>svg:r</h2>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:r attribute defines the radius of a circular image map area.</p>
<p>The svg:r attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4.</p>
<p>The svg:r attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:r attribute defines the radius of a circle. The use of this attribute is defined by §9.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>Note: If a &lt;draw:circle&gt; element does not have a value for the svg:r attribute, then its svg:x, svg:y, svg:height, and svg:width attributes can be used to define the geometry of a circle.</p>
<p>The svg:r attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8.</p>
<p>The svg:r attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>For a &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3 element the default value for this attribute is 50%.</p>
<p>The svg:r attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:r attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:rx</h2>
<p>See §9.4 of[SVG]. </p>
<p>The svg:rx and svg:ry attributes can be used to round off the corners of a rectangle. The svg:rx attribute specifies the x-axis radius of the ellipse used to round off the corners of a rectangle. The svg:ry attribute specifies the y-axis radius of that ellipse. If only the svg:rx attribute is present then its value will be used for svg:ry. If only a svg:ry attribute is present then its value will be used for svg:rx.</p>
<p>For use of this attribute with &lt;draw:rect&gt; see §9.2 of [SVG]. </p>
<p>For use of this attribute with &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; see §9.4 of [SVG]. </p>
<p>The svg:rx attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9 and &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2.</p>
<p>The svg:rx attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>svg:ry</h2>
<p>See §9.4 of [SVG]. </p>
<p>The svg:rx and svg:ry attributes can be used to round off the corners of a rectangle. The svg:rx attribute specifies the x-axis radius of the ellipse used to round off the corners of a rectangle. The svg:ry attribute specifies the y-axis radius of that ellipse. If only the svg:rx attribute is present then its value will be used for svg:ry. If only a svg:ry attribute is present then its value will be used for svg:rx.</p>
<p>The svg:ry attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9 and &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2.</p>
<p>The svg:ry attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>svg:slope</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:slope attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:slope attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:spreadMethod</h2>
<p>See §13.2.2 and §13.2.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is pad.</p>
<p>The svg:spreadMethod attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 and &lt;svg:radialGradient&gt; 16.42.3.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:spreadMethod attribute are pad, reflect or repeat.</p>
<h2>svg:stemh</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:stemh attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:stemh attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:stemv</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:stemv attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:stemv attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:stop-color</h2>
<p>See §13.2.4 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:stop-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:stop&gt; 16.42.4.</p>
<p>The svg:stop-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>svg:stop-opacity</h2>
<p>See §13.2.4 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:stop-opacity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:stop&gt; 16.42.4.</p>
<p>The svg:stop-opacity attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:strikethrough-position</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:strikethrough-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:strikethrough-position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:strikethrough-thickness</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:strikethrough-thickness attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:strikethrough-thickness attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:string</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:string attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-format&gt; 16.28.</p>
<p>The svg:string attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:type</h2>
<p>See §19.2.14 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:animateTransform&gt; 15.2.3.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:type attribute are translate, scale, rotate, skewX or skewY.</p>
<h2>svg:underline-position</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:underline-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:underline-position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:underline-thickness</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:underline-thickness attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:underline-thickness attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:unicode-range</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:unicode-range attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:unicode-range attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:units-per-em</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:units-per-em attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:units-per-em attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:v-alphabetic</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:v-alphabetic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:v-alphabetic attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:v-hanging</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:v-hanging attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:v-hanging attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:v-ideographic</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:v-ideographic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:v-ideographic attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:v-mathematical</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:v-mathematical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:v-mathematical attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:viewBox</h2>
<p>The svg:viewBox attribute specifies a rectangle in a local coordinate system of a shape. The syntax for using this attribute is the same as the [SVG] syntax. The value of the attribute are four numbers separated by white spaces, which define the left, top, width, and height of the rectangle. Such local coordinate system is used by the draw:points 19.206 and svg:d 19.530 attributes, as well as by the attributes of &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2 element and its child elements which specify coordinates.</p>
<p>The rectangle specified be the svg:viewBox attribute is mapped to the rectangle in the outer coordinate system, specified by the position and size attributes of the shape.</p>
<p>The svg:viewBox attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3, &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2, &lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt; 10.6.2, &lt;draw:marker&gt; 16.42.8, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5 and &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:viewBox attribute are four white space separated values of type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:width</h2>
<h3>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a chart. If it is omitted, the size of a chart is determined by the size of its &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1 document or its containing element in another document. </p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a positioning rectangle, see 11.3.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the thickness of a floor.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:floor&gt; 11.8.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a legend.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a plot-area including axis labels.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies the thickness of a wall for three-dimensional charts.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:wall&gt; 11.7.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies the width of the viewport. </p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a polygonal image map area&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a rectangular image map area.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute defines the width of a contour&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:contour-path&gt; 10.4.11.3 and &lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt; 10.4.11.2.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute may be used to specify the width of a linked image. Its value is overridden by the width of the linked image resource.</p>
<p>Note: This attribute can be used to estimate the size of a fill image without loading the image data.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>See §5.1.2 of [SVG]. For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the length refers to the drawing shape&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<p>If the svg:width and svg:height 19.234 attributes specify different values for a &lt;draw:circle&gt; element, the radius of the circle is derived from the smaller of the two values, and the circle is centered within the bounding box.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies the width of the rectangular which displays the annotation. Its meaning is the same as for a &lt;draw:caption&gt; element. See 19.575.12.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<p>See 19.575.12. Percentage values are relative to the width of the drawing page. </p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:widths</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:widths attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:widths attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:x</h2>
<h3>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies the horizontal distance of the upper left corner of the &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element from the upper left corner of the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element. </p>
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;, &lt;chart:equation&gt;, &lt;chart:footer&gt;, &lt;chart:legend&gt;, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt;, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt;, &lt;chart:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies the horizontal distance of the upper-left corner of the given element from the upper-left corner of the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element. </p>
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19, &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2 and &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:x attribute defines the x-axis coordinate of a polygonal image map area&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:x attribute defines the x-axis coordinate of a rectangular image map area.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies the horizontal position of the left edge of the viewport.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>See §5.1.2 of [SVG]. For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the coordinate refers to the drawing shape&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies the horizontal position of the glue point. The coordinate is either a percentage value relative to the drawing shape&#039;s center measured horizontally, or, if the draw:align 19.111 attribute is also specified, an absolute distance value relative to the edge specified by the draw:align attribute.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:x attribute are a value of type distance 18.3.15 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies the horizontal position of an annotation. Its meaning is the same as for a &lt;draw:caption&gt; element. See 19.577.6.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<p>See 19.577.6. Percentage values are relative to the height of the drawing page. </p>
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:x attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:x1</h2>
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.5 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:x1 attribute may be omitted on &lt;draw:connector&gt; elements when the connector is connected to a shape by a draw:start-shape 19.217 attribute. The start position then is the position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<p>The svg:x1 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3 and &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<p>The svg:x1 attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<p>For a &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 element the default value for this attribute is 0%.</p>
<p>The svg:x1 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:x1 attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:x2 </h2>
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.5 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:x2 attribute may be omitted on &lt;draw:connector&gt; elements when the connector is connected to a shape by a draw:end-shape 19.144 attribute. The end position then is the position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<p>The svg:x2 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3 and &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<p>The svg:x2 attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<p>For a &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 element the default value for this attribute is 100%.</p>
<p>The svg:x2 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:x2 attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:x-height</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:x-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23.</p>
<p>The svg:x-height attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>svg:y</h2>
<h3>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the vertical distance of the upper left corner of the &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; element from the upper left-corner of the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;, &lt;chart:equation&gt;, &lt;chart:footer&gt;, &lt;chart:legend&gt;, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt;, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt;, &lt;chart:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the vertical distance of the upper-left corner of the given element from the upper-left corner of the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:equation&gt; 11.19, &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2 and &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:y attribute defines the y-axis coordinate of a polygonal image map area&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:y attributes defines the y-axis coordinate of a rectangular image map area.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the vertical position of the top edge of the viewport.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:g&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>See §5.1.2 of [SVG]. For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the coordinate refers to the drawing shape&#039;s bounding box.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2 and &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the vertical position of the glue point. The coordinate is either a percentage value relative to the drawing shape&#039;s center measured vertically, or, if the draw:align 19.111 attribute is also specified, an absolute distance value relative to the edge specified by the draw:align attribute.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:glue-point&gt; 10.3.16.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:y attribute are a value of type distance 18.3.15 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h3>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the position where the annotation is displayed. Its meaning is the same as for a &lt;draw:caption&gt; element. See 19.577.6.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<p>See 19.581.6. Percentage values are relative to the height of the drawing page. </p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:placeholder&gt; 16.44.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:y attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:y1</h2>
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.5 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:y1 attribute may be omitted on &lt;draw:connector&gt; elements when the connector is connected to a shape by a draw:start-shape 19.217 attribute. The start position then is the position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<p>The svg:y1 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3 and &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<p>The svg:y1 attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<p>For a &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 element the default value for this attribute is 0%.</p>
<p>The svg:y1 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:y1 attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>svg:y2</h2>
<h3>&lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.5 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The svg:y2 attribute may be omitted on &lt;draw:connector&gt; elements when the connector is connected to a shape by a draw:end-shape 19.144 attribute. The end position then is the position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<p>The svg:y2 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3 and &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12.</p>
<p>The svg:y2 attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of [SVG].</p>
<p>For a &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2 element the default value for this attribute is 100%.</p>
<p>The svg:y2 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:linearGradient&gt; 16.42.2.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:y2 attribute are a value of type coordinate 18.3.10 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>table:acceptance-state</h2>
<p>The table:acceptance-state attribute specifies whether a tracked change has been accepted or rejected already, or whether an acceptance or rejection is still pending.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:acceptance-state attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>accepted: a tracked change has been accepted.</p></li>
<li><p>pending: a tracked change is pending approval or rejection.</p></li>
<li><p>rejected: a tracked change has been rejected.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is pending.</p>
<p>The table:acceptance-state attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3 and &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<p>The values of the table:acceptance-state attribute are accepted, rejected or pending.</p>
<h2>table:algorithm</h2>
<p>The table:algorithm attribute specifies the algorithm used to compare sort keys. To avoid name conflicts between different consumers, the name of the algorithm should begin with a namespace prefix, followed by a “:” (U+003A, COLON) separator. </p>
<p>The table:algorithm attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<p>The table:algorithm attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:add-empty-lines</h2>
<p>The table:add-empty-lines attribute specifies whether an empty row is inserted in the data pilot table after the data (including the subtotals) for each member of the field.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:add-empty-lines attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: an empty line should not be inserted after the data for a member, including any subtotal of that member.</p></li>
<li><p>true: an empty line should not be inserted after the data for a member, including any subtotal of that member.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:add-empty-lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; 9.6.15.</p>
<p>The table:add-empty-lines attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:allow-empty-cell</h2>
<p>The table:allow-empty-cell attribute specifies whether a cell can be empty.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:allow-empty-cell attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cell cannot be empty.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cell can be empty.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:allow-empty-cell attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<p>The table:allow-empty-cell attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:application-data</h2>
<p>The table:application-data attribute specifies extra information about a data pilot table, which can be used by a consumer. This data shall not influence the behavior of the data pilot.</p>
<p>The table:application-data attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The table:application-data attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:automatic-find-labels</h2>
<p>The table:automatic-find-labels attribute specifies whether a consumer should attempt to find labels of rows and columns. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:automatic-find-labels attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: consumers should not attempt to find labels of rows and columns.</p></li>
<li><p>true: consumers should attempt find labels of rows and columns.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The table:automatic-find-labels attribute enables the use of the automatic lookup of labels capability defined by OpenFormula. OpenFormula, 5.10.2. (*update*)</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:automatic-find-labels attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<p>The table:automatic-find-labels attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:base-cell-address</h2>
<p>The table:base-cell-address attribute specifies the address of the base cell for relative addresses in formulas that occur within a condition. This attribute is only necessary when the condition contains a formula. The value of this attribute shall be an absolute cell address that contains a table name. The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) that indicate an absolute address may be omitted.</p>
<p>The table:base-cell-address attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5, &lt;table:named-expression&gt; 9.4.13 and &lt;table:named-range&gt; 9.4.12.</p>
<p>The table:base-cell-address attribute has the data type cellAddress 18.3.4.</p>
<h2>table:bind-styles-to-content</h2>
<p>The table:bind-styles-to-content attribute specifies whether cells retain their style after a subtotal calculation. This attribute is only evaluated if a &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; element is present.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:bind-styles-to-content attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cells need not retain their style after a subtotal calculation.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cells should retain their style after a subtotal calculation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:bind-styles-to-content attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19 and &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<p>The table:bind-styles-to-content attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:border-color</h2>
<p>The table:border-color attribute specifies the color of a border that is displayed around a scenario that belongs to a scenario table.</p>
<p>The table:border-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<p>The table:border-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>table:buttons</h2>
<p>The table:buttons attribute specifies the cells in a data pilot table that should be displayed as buttons to trigger interactive operations on the table such as changing the order of columns. Its value is a list of white-space-separated cell-addresses. The value of this attribute shall be an absolute cell address that contains a table name. The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) that indicate an absolute address may be omitted.</p>
<p>The table:buttons attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The table:buttons attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h2>table:case-sensitive</h2>
<p>The table:case-sensitive attribute specifies whether to distinguish between upper and lower case when comparing, sorting or filtering content.</p>
<p>That attribute is only evaluated if the operations take place on strings. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:case-sensitive attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: upper and lower case are not distinguished when comparing, sorting or filtering content.</p></li>
<li><p>true: upper and lower case are distinguished when comparing, sorting or filtering content.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1 element the default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>For &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5, &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19 and &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21 elements the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:case-sensitive attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1, &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5, &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19 and &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<p>The table:case-sensitive attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:cell-address</h2>
<p>The table:cell-address attribute specifies the original address of a cell used in a calculation.</p>
<p>The table:cell-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16.</p>
<p>The table:cell-address attribute has the data type cellAddress 18.3.4.</p>
<h2>table:cell-range</h2>
<p>The table:cell-range attribute specifies a list of ranges of cells.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:footer&gt; 11.2.3, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt; 11.2.2 and &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h2>table:cell-range-address</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies a range of cells or a list of ranges of cells.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the source from which the category labels are taken. If this attribute or the &lt;chart:categories&gt; element is omitted the chart:data-source-has-labels 19.17 attribute of the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element should be evaluated.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:categories&gt; 11.10.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:domain&gt; - bubble</h3>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the x and y-coordinate values for bubble charts when the chart:class 11.5 attribute of its parent &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element has the value chart:bubble.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:domain&gt;- scatter</h3>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the x-coordinate values for scatter charts when the chart:class 19.15 attribute of its parent &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element has the value chart:scatter.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:domain&gt; - surface</h3>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute of the first &lt;chart:domain&gt; element specifies the y-coordinate values and the table:cell-range-address attribute of the second &lt;chart:domain&gt; element specifies the x-coordinate values for surface charts when the chart:class 19.15 attribute of its parent &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element has the value chart:surface and the chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attribute of this &lt;chart:series&gt; element specifies a range with more than one row and more than one column. </p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:domain&gt; 11.13.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the ranges of data for a chart. </p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute at the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; element has no effect in case the data is assigned to the &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 elements directly by chart:values-cell-range-address 19.28 attributes.</p>
<p>The use of the table:cell-range-address attribute is deprecated in favor of the chart:values-cell-range-address attributes of &lt;chart:series&gt; elements.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the address of a range that is highlighted.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the address of a named range. The address can be either absolute or relative. If the cell range address is relative, the parent &lt;table:named-range&gt; element shall have a table:base-cell-address 19.590 attribute with a value. A relative cell address defines an offset which shall be interpreted relative to the cell where the named range is used. The offset is the same as the offsets between the table cell addressed by the relative cell range address and the table cell specified by the table:base-cell-address attribute. </p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:named-range&gt; 9.4.12.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute specifies the cell range containing the source data. The value of this attribute shall be an absolute cell address that contains a table name. The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) that indicate an absolute address may be omitted. If a table:name 19.677 attribute on an element specifies a named range, the cell range specified by the table:cell-range 19.596 attribute on the same element, shall match the cell range specified by the named range.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<p>The table:cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<h2>table:column</h2>
<p>The table:column attribute specifies the column number of a cell.</p>
<p>The table:column attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-address&gt; 9.9.18, &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<p>The table:column attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:comment</h2>
<p>The table:comment attribute specifies a comment about a scenario.</p>
<p>The table:comment attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<p>The table:comment attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:condition</h2>
<p>The table:condition attribute specifies a condition that is used to validate the value of a table cell. When evaluation of the condition results in false, any action taken is determine by the other attributes and child elements of the &lt;table:content-validation&gt; element. </p>
<p>Note: Possible actions include presentation of a message, triggering an event, and performance of a script, with or without invalidating the value. The table:allow-empty-cell 19.587 attribute value influences whether the table:condition is applicable.</p>
<p>The value of this attribute should be a namespace prefix, followed by a &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON), followed by Boolean expression. If the namespace prefix is missing the namespace defaults to the &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2&quot; namespace. The XML namespace that applies to the table:condition attribute specifies the syntax and semantics of the <em>expression</em> occurrences in the table:condition syntax. </p>
<p>Note: The value of the table:base-cell-address 19.590 attribute of the &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5 element can influence how references are resolved in an <em>expression</em> anywhere within the defined conditions.</p>
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator makes available the host-dependent properties defined by Table 16 Host-dependent Properties in 19.646.</p>
<p>The defined conditions are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>cell-content-text-length() <em>op</em> <em>value</em>, where <em>op</em> is one of the relational operators ””&lt;”,“&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, ”=” or “!=”: true if the length of the cell&#039;s text compared to the value specified in the condition by <em>value</em> using the relational operator <em>op</em> evaluates to true. </p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-text-length-is-between(value1, value2): true if the length of the cell&#039;s text is between value1 and value2. </p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-text-length-is-not-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true if the length of the cell&#039;s text is not between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>. </p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-is-in-list(<em>list</em>), where <em>list</em> is one or more string entries, separated by ”;” (U+003B, SEMICOLON), or an <em>expression</em>: true if the cell&#039;s content is in <em>list</em>. </p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-is-decimal-number() and <em>condition</em>, where <em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the cell has a numeric value and <em>condition</em> is true. </p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-is-whole-number() and <em>condition</em>, where <em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the cell&#039;s cell has a whole-number value and <em>condition</em> is true.</p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-is-date() and <em>condition</em>, where <em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the cell has a date value and <em>condition</em> is true. </p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-is-time() and <em>condition</em>, where <em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the cell has a time value and <em>condition</em> is true. </p></li>
<li><p>is-true-formula(<em>expression</em>): true if evaluation of the <em>expression</em> yields a value that converts to logical type value true in the semantics for the <em>expression</em>; false otherwise. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The defined value conditions are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>cell-content() <em>op</em> <em>value</em>, where <em>op</em> is one of the relational operators ”&lt;”, ”&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, ”=” or ”!=”: true if the cell&#039;s value compared to the value specified in the condition by <em>value</em> using the relational operator <em>op</em> evaluates to true. </p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-is-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true if the cell&#039;s value is between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</p></li>
<li><p>cell-content-is-not-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true if the cell&#039;s value is not between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</p></li>
<li><p>is-true-formula(<em>expression</em>): true if evaluation of the <em>expression</em> yields a value that converts to logical value true in the semantics for the <em>expression</em>; false otherwise. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>Within the conditions: </p>
<ul>
<li><p><em>value</em>, <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em> are a <em>numberValue</em>, a <em>string</em> or an <em>expression</em>. </p></li>
<li><p><em>numberValue</em> is a whole or decimal number in the lexical form of the [xmlschema-2] decimal datatype. </p></li>
<li><p><em>string</em> expresses a value of the [xmlschema-2] string datatype by surrounding the sequence of string characters in quotation marks (U+0022, QUOTATION MARK). A quotation mark within the string itself is expressed with two consecutive quotation marks. </p></li>
<li><p><em>expression</em> is a lexical form that is neither <em>numberValue</em> nor <em>string</em> and that is a well-formed expression determined by the namespace applicable to the table:condition value.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<p>The table:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:condition-source</h2>
<p>The table:condition-source attribute specifies whether the condition is contained in a filter or encoded in a cell range.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:condition-source attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>cell-range: condition encoded into the cell range specified by a table:condition-source-range-address 19.602 attribute. </p></li>
<li><p>self: condition specified by the &lt;table:filter&gt; element&#039;s child elements.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is self.</p>
<p>The table:condition-source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2.</p>
<p>The values of the table:condition-source attribute are self or cell-range.</p>
<h2>table:condition-source-range-address</h2>
<p>The table:condition-source-range-address attribute specifies a cell range that contains encoded conditions. The first row of the cell range shall contain the labels of the columns whose content should be filtered. The following rows contain conditions that have to evaluate to true for the cells contained in the columns. The conditions in each row are connected by an “and” operation, while the rows are connected by an “or” operation. This means that a row is of the source table is displayed if there is at least one row in the condition range where all conditions evaluate to true if they are applied to the columns specified in the first row of the condition range.</p>
<p>The table:condition-source-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2.</p>
<p>The table:condition-source-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<h2>table:contains-error</h2>
<p>The table:contains-error attribute specifies whether a cell range contains an error at the point of evaluation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:contains-error attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cell range contains no error at point of evaluation.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cell range contains an error at point of evaluation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:contains-error attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4.</p>
<p>The table:contains-error attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:contains-header</h2>
<p>The table:contains-header attribute specifies whether the content of a database range&#039;s first row or column defines labels which may be used to reference a whole row or column. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:contains-header attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the first row or column of the database range does not define labels.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the first row or column of the database range defines labels.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:contains-header attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The table:contains-header attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:content-validation-name</h2>
<p>The table:content-validation-name attribute specifies the name of a validity check. </p>
<p>The value of this attribute is a name found in the table:name 19.677 attribute of a &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5 element.  If this attribute is not present, a cell may have arbitrary content.</p>
<p>The table:content-validation-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The table:content-validation-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:copy-back</h2>
<p>The table:copy-back attribute specifies whether data is copied back into a scenario table if another scenario is activated.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:copy-back attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: data is not copied back into a scenario table if another scenario is activated.</p></li>
<li><p>true: data copied back into a scenario table if another scenario is activated.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:copy-back attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<p>The table:copy-back attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:copy-formulas</h2>
<p>The table:copy-formulas attribute specifies whether formulas are copied from a scenario table to a destination table. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:copy-formulas attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: only values resulting from formulas are copied.</p></li>
<li><p>true: formulas are copied.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:copy-formulas attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<p>The table:copy-formulas attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:copy-styles</h2>
<p>The table:copy-styles attribute specifies whether styles are copied from a scenario table to a destination table together with the data.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:copy-styles attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: styles are not copied with data.</p></li>
<li><p>true: styles are copied with data.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:copy-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<p>The table:copy-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:count</h2>
<p>The table:count attribute specifies the count of inserted rows, columns or tables.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The table:count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3.</p>
<p>The table:count attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:country</h2>
<p>The table:country attribute specifies the country information for the natural language in which comparisons will occur.</p>
<p>The table:country attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<p>The table:country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<h2>table:data-field</h2>
<p>The table:data-field attribute specifies the data field whose values are taken into account.</p>
<p>The table:data-field attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; 9.6.13 and &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; 9.6.14.</p>
<p>The table:data-field attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:data-cell-range-address</h2>
<p>The table:data-cell-range-address attribute specifies the cell range address of data.</p>
<p>The table:data-cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:label-range&gt; 9.4.9.</p>
<p>The table:data-cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<h2>table:database-name</h2>
<p>A table:database-name attribute specifies the name of an SQL database for the importation of data.</p>
<p>The table:database-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; 9.4.18, &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16 and &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; 9.4.17.</p>
<p>The table:database-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:database-table-name</h2>
<p>A table:database-table-name attribute specifies a database table for the importation of data.</p>
<p>The table:database-table-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-source-table&gt; 9.4.17.</p>
<p>The table:database-table-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:data-type</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The table:data-type attribute specifies a data type for tables.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:data-type attribute specifies whether a comparison shall take place as text or as numeric values.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:data-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>number: comparison as numeric values.</p></li>
<li><p>text: comparison as text values.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5 element the default value for this attribute is text.</p>
<p>The table:data-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5.</p>
<p>The values of the table:data-type attribute are text or number.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:data-type attribute specifies the data type of a field to be sorted. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:data-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>automatic: consumer determines the type of data in a field.</p></li>
<li><p>number: numeric data type.</p></li>
<li><p>text: text data type.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type string (name of a user-defined sort order, implementation-dependent)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20 element the default value for this attribute is automatic.</p>
<p>The table:data-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20.</p>
<p>The values of the table:data-type attribute are text, number, automatic or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:data-type attribute specifies the data type of a field to be sorted. </p>
<p>If the attribute value is automatic, the consumer shall determine what type of data is in the field. User-defined sort orders are implementation specific.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:data-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>automatic: consumer determines the type of data in a field.</p></li>
<li><p>number: numeric data type.</p></li>
<li><p>text: text data type.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type string (name of a user-defined sort order, implementation-dependent)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; 9.4.22 element the default value for this attribute is automatic.</p>
<p>The table:data-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; 9.4.22.</p>
<p>The values of the table:data-type attribute are text, number, automatic or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:date-end</h2>
<p>The table:date-end attribute specifies the end value for a grouping of date values. </p>
<p>All values that are higher than the end value are contained in a single group, while values that are equal to or lower than the end value are grouped as specified by the table:grouped-by 19.650 and table:step 19.650 attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:date-end attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: the highest value of the field is taken as the end value.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type dateOrDateTime 18.3.14.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:date-end attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<p>The values of the table:date-end attribute are a value of type dateOrDateTime 18.3.14 or auto.</p>
<h2>table:date-start</h2>
<p>The table:date-start attribute specifies the start value for a grouping of date values. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:date-start attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: the lowest value of the field is used as the start value.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type dateOrDateTime: 18.3.14</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:date-start attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<p>The values of the table:date-start attribute are a value of type dateOrDateTime 18.3.14 or auto.</p>
<h2>table:date-value</h2>
<p>The table:date-value attribute specifies the null date. The null date is the date that results in the value “0” if a date value is converted into a numeric value. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1899-12-30.</p>
<p>The table:date-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:null-date&gt; 9.4.2.</p>
<p>The table:date-value attribute has the data type date 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:default-cell-style-name</h2>
<p>The table:default-cell-style-name attribute specifies a default cell style. Cells defined by a &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 18.3.14 element that do not have a table:style-name 19.730 attribute value use the specified default cell style.</p>
<p>If an individual cell has a default style specified by a table:default-cell-style-name attribute on a &lt;table:table-column&gt; element and by a style:default-cell-style-name on a &lt;table:table-row&gt; element, the default style specified by the &lt;table:table-row&gt; element shall be applied to the cell and the default style specified by the &lt;table:table-column&gt; element shall be ignored.</p>
<p>The table:default-cell-style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6 and &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<p>The table:default-cell-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>table:direction</h2>
<p>The table:direction attribute specifies the direction of a relation between a cell and a highlighted range. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:direction attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>from-another-table: relationship begins at another table.</p></li>
<li><p>from-same-table: relationship begins at the same table.</p></li>
<li><p>to-another-table: relationship ends at another table.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4.</p>
<p>The values of the table:direction attribute are from-another-table, to-another-table or from-same-table.</p>
<h2>table:display</h2>
<p>The table:display attribute specifies whether a component of a table is displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: component is not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: component is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Components of a table for the table:display attribute are: &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12, &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7, &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6, &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9. </p>
<p>For &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9 elements the default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>For &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7 and &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6 elements the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>For &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12 the default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:display attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12, &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7, &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6, &lt;table:table-column-group&gt; 9.1.10 and &lt;table:table-row-group&gt; 9.1.9.</p>
<p>The table:display attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:display-border</h2>
<p>The table:display-border attribute specifies whether to display a border around a scenario that belongs to a scenario table.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:display-border attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: border is not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: border is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:display-border attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<p>The table:display-border attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:display-duplicates</h2>
<p>The table:display-duplicates attribute specifies whether to display duplicate matches in a result.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:display-duplicates attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: duplicate matches not displayed in results.</p></li>
<li><p>true: duplicate matches displayed in results.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:display-duplicates attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2.</p>
<p>The table:display-duplicates attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:display-filter-buttons</h2>
<p>The table:display-filter-buttons attribute specifies whether to display filter buttons. Filter buttons are list box controls displayed in the label cells whose list entries are the values that exist in the labeled row or column. Selecting one of these entries is the equivalent of applying a filter to the database range that selects all row or columns where the cells in the labeled row or column have the selected value.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:display-filter-buttons attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: filter buttons are not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: filter buttons are displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:display-filter-buttons attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The table:display-filter-buttons attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:display-list</h2>
<p>The table:display-list attribute specifies whether a list of values that occurs within a condition is displayed when a user is entering a cell value. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:display-list attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: the list values are not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>sort-ascending: the list values are displayed in ascending order.</p></li>
<li><p>unsorted: the list values are displayed in the order they occur in the condition.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is unsorted.</p>
<p>The table:display-list attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<p>The values of the table:display-list attribute are none, unsorted or sort-ascending.</p>
<h2>table:display-member-mode</h2>
<p>The table:display-member-mode attribute specifies whether the value count specified by table:member-count 19.730 attribute should be taken from the top or from the bottom of a data field&#039;s column.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:display-member-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>from-bottom: the value count is taken from the bottom of a data field’s column.</p></li>
<li><p>From-top: the value count is taken from the top of a data field’s column.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:display-member-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; 9.6.13.</p>
<p>The values of the table:display-member-mode attribute are from-top or from-bottom.</p>
<h2>table:drill-down-on-double-click</h2>
<p>The table:drill-down-on-double-click attribute specifies how the data pilot table reacts to a double-click 19.406 in the data pilot table. A double click other than as specified in a data pilot table has no effect.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:drill-down-on-double-click attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a double click on a member label or the empty area next to it starts the edit mode of the table cell, like for cells outside of the data pilot table. </p>
<p>Note: This can be used to rename group fields or members. </p></li>
<li><p>true: a double click on a member label or the empty area next to it shows or hides details for that member.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:drill-down-on-double-click attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The table:drill-down-on-double-click attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:embedded-number-behavior</h2>
<p>The table:embedded-number-behavior attribute specifies how string values that contain digits are sorted. If the value is alpha-numeric, string comparison as specified by the other attributes of &lt;table:sort&gt; element is used for sorting.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:embedded-number-behavior attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>alpha-numeric: other attributes are used to specify the string comparison for sorting.</p></li>
<li><p>double: string values are compared as defined below </p></li>
<li><p>integer: string values are compared as defined below </p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: If the attribute value is integer or double, string-prefixed numbers will be sorted in a &quot;natural&quot;, number-aware way, i.e. A1, A2, A3, ... , A19, A20, instead of the normal, alpha-numeric behavior, i.e. A1, A10, A11, A12, ... ,A19, A2, A20, A3, A4, ... , A8, A9.</p>
<p>The following illustrates how two strings shall be compared if the attribute value is integer or double.</p>
<p>In the following, the term &quot;alpha-numeric comparison&quot; means the string comparison that would be used if the table:embedded-number-behavior attribute had the value alpha-numeric.</p>
<p>Step 1: The two strings are compared by using the alpha-numeric comparison to test whether they are equal.  If they are equal, the comparison will stop immediately returning an equality as result.</p>
<p>Step 2: The prefix substrings of the two strings are determined by locating the first occurrence of a digit character in the two strings; the substrings from the very first characters through the characters preceding the first digits are the prefix substrings. If a string starts with a digit, the prefix substring of this string is empty. If there is no digit in either one of the compared strings, the natural sort process will end and the alpha-numeric comparison will be performed instead. </p>
<p>Step 3: After the prefix substrings have been determined for both strings, an alpha-numeric comparison is performed on the two prefix substrings. If they differ, the result is returned and the process will end.</p>
<p>Step 4. The numeric substrings are determined by locating the first occurrences of a non-digit character after the first digit characters; the substrings from the first digit characters through the characters preceding the first non-digit character are the numeric substrings. These substrings are converted into double-precision values. The converted values are compared by numeric comparison. If these values differ, then the result will be returned and the process will end.</p>
<p>Step 5. The suffix substrings, which are the strings that start after the last digits of the numeric substring, will be determined. This suffix substrings replace the original strings, and the whole process will start again with step 1.</p>
<p>Decimal separators are treated as follows: If the attribute value is integer, then a decimal separator is not considered as a digit. If the attribute value is double, the treatment of a decimal separator is context-dependent: If a decimal separator occurs adjacent to one or two digit characters, it is considered a digit character as long as it is the only occurrence in that given numeric substring. In other words, a second occurrence of a decimal separator in sequence of digits and decimal separators is treated as a non-digit character. Therefore the character immediately preceding the separator becomes the last character of the numeric substring, while the separator itself becomes the first character of the suffix substring.</p>
<p>This sorting process is illustrated by the following figure:</p>
<p>  <img src="media/Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="11066" data-pandoc-media-sha1="f0b23095120252d8b370564771e38e87636737e7" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="38251aac5bed238ddfec2957c5ad0d89aee7e9a2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" />Figure 1 - Natural sort  </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is alpha-numeric.</p>
<p>The table:embedded-number-behavior attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<p>The values of the table:embedded-number-behavior attribute are alpha-numeric, integer or double.</p>
<h2>table:enabled</h2>
<p>The table:enabled attribute specifies whether the &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element is evaluated or not.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:enabled attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element is not evaluated.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; element is evaluated.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:enabled attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; 9.6.13.</p>
<p>The table:enabled attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:end</h2>
<p>The table:end attribute specifies the end value for a grouping of numeric values. All values that are higher than the end value are contained in a single group, while values that are equal to or lower than the end value are grouped as specified by table:grouped-by 19.671 and table:step 19.650 attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:end attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: the highest value of the field is taken as the end value.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type double</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:end attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<p>The values of the table:end attribute are a value of type double 18.2 or auto.</p>
<h2>table:end-cell-address</h2>
<p>The table:end-cell-address attribute specifies the end position of the shape if it is included in a spreadsheet document.</p>
<p>The table:end-cell-address attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The table:end-cell-address attribute has the data type cellAddress 18.3.4.</p>
<h2>table:end-column</h2>
<p>The table:end-column attribute specifies the end column of a range if the range address is a cell range address. The value of a table:end-column attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The table:end-column attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<p>The table:end-column attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:end-position</h2>
<p>The table:end-position attribute specifies the number of the last deleted row or column. The value of a table:end-position attribute is exclusive. </p>
<p>The table:end-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; 9.9.12.</p>
<p>The table:end-position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:end-row</h2>
<p>The table:end-row attribute specifies the end row of a range if the range address is a cell range address. The value of a table:end-row attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The table:end-row attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<p>The table:end-row attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:end-table</h2>
<p>The table:end-table attribute specifies the end table of a range if the range address is a cell range address. The value of a table:end-table attribute is inclusive. </p>
<p>The table:end-table attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<p>The table:end-table attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:end-x </h2>
<p>The table:end-x attribute specifies the x-coordinate of the end position of a shape relative to the top-left edge of a cell. The size attributes of the shape are ignored. </p>
<p>The table:end-x attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The table:end-x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h2>table:end-y</h2>
<p>The table:end-y attribute specifies the y-coordinate of the end position of a shape relative to the top-left edge of a cell. The size attributes of the shape are ignored. </p>
<p>The table:end-y attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The table:end-y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h2>table:execute</h2>
<p>The table:execute attribute specifies whether a macro should be executed or not.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:execute attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: macro is not executed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: macro is executed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:execute attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:error-macro&gt; 9.4.8.</p>
<p>The table:execute attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:expression</h2>
<p>The table:expression attribute specifies an expression. If the expression contains a named range or another named expression, the named range or named expression shall be specified first, before the containing expression. If the expression contains a relative cell range address, a table:base-cell-address attribute shall also appear on the &lt;table:named-expression&gt; element. </p>
<p>Relative cell range addresses that occur in an expression define an offset which shall be interpreted relative to the cell where a named expression is used. The offset is the same as the offsets between the table cell addressed by the relative cell range address and the table cell specified by the table:base-cell-address attribute. </p>
<p>The value of this attribute may comprise a namespace prefix, followed by a &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON), followed by an expression. If the namespace prefix is missing the namespace defaults to the &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2&quot; namespace. If a namespace prefix is present, the expression shall start with an &#039;=&#039; equal sign. If no namespace prefix is present, the &#039;=&#039; equal sign may be omitted. The XML namespace name bound to the namespace prefix specifies the syntax and semantics of the formulas and values occurring within the condition.</p>
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator makes available the host-dependent properties defined by Table 16 Host-dependent Properties in 19.646.</p>
<p>The table:expression attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:named-expression&gt; 9.4.13.</p>
<p>The table:expression attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:field-name</h2>
<p>The table:field-name attribute specifies a category column whose members&#039; values are used in operations defined by a table:type attribute that determines the display of values of the data field of which the &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element is a part. </p>
<p>The table:field-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; 9.6.16.</p>
<p>The table:field-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:field-number</h2>
<p>The table:field-number attribute specifies a row or column number to sort, subtotal or filter. It is the number of a row or column within a database range.</p>
<p>The table:field-number attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5, &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20 and &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; 9.4.24.</p>
<p>The table:field-number attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:filter-name</h2>
<p>The table:filter-name attribute specifies the file type of the document containing the original table. The value of this attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The table:filter-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1 and &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<p>The table:filter-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:filter-options</h2>
<p>The table:filter-options attribute specifies implementation-dependent settings for a file type.</p>
<p>The table:filter-options attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1 and &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<p>The table:filter-options attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:first-row-end-column (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The table:first-row-end-column attribute specifies the whether the cell in the first row, end column gets its style from its row or column. </p>
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The table:use-first-row-styles 19.744 or table:use-last-column-styles 19.745 attributes should be used instead. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:first-row-end-column attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>column: cell in first row, end column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</p></li>
<li><p>row: cell in first row, end column should inherit its style from the row where it appears.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:first-row-end-column attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The values of the table:first-row-end-column attribute are row or column.</p>
<h2>table:first-row-start-column (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The table:first-row-start-column attribute specifies the whether the cell in the first row, start column gets its style from its row or column. </p>
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The table:use-first-row-styles 19.744 or table:use-first-column-styles 19.743 attributes should be used instead. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:first-row-start-column attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>column: cell in first row, start column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</p></li>
<li><p>row: cell in first row, start column should inherit its style from the row where it appears.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:first-row-start-column attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The values of the table:first-row-start-column attribute are row or column.</p>
<h2>table:formula</h2>
<p>The table:formula attribute specifies a formula for a table cell.</p>
<p>Formulas specify calculations to be performed within table cells. The attribute value should begin with a namespace prefix followed by &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON), followed by the text of the formula. The namespace bound to the prefix determines the syntax and semantics of the formula. </p>
<p>Whenever the initial text of a formula has the appearance of an NCName followed by &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON), an OpenDocument producer shall provide a valid namespace prefix and separating &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON) separator before the text of the formula in order to eliminate any ambiguity. </p>
<p>If a namespace prefix is not specified, the namespace defaults to the &quot;urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2&quot; namespace. </p>
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator has the host-dependent properties specified in Table 16.</p>
<p>Table 16 Host-dependent Properties</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>Property</p></td><td><p>Attribute</p></td><td><p>Default Value </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-CASE-SENSITIVE</p></td><td><p>table:case-sensitive</p></td><td><p>true</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-PRECISION-AS-SHOWN</p></td><td><p>table:precision-as-shown</p></td><td><p>false</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-SEARCH-CRITERIA-MUST-APPLY-TO-WHOLE-CELL</p></td><td><p>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</p></td><td><p>true</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-AUTOMATIC-FIND-LABELS</p></td><td><p>table:automatic-find-labels</p></td><td><p>true</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-USE-REGULAR-EXPRESSIONS</p></td><td><p>table:use-regular-expressions</p></td><td><p>true</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-USE-WILDCARDS</p></td><td><p>table:use-wildcards</p></td><td><p>false</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-NULL-YEAR</p></td><td><p>table:null-year</p></td><td><p>1930</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-NULL-DATE</p></td><td><p>table:null-date</p></td><td><p>1899-12-30</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-LOCALE</p></td><td><p>N/A</p></td><td><p>Implementation-defined</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-ITERATION-STATUS</p></td><td><p>table:status</p></td><td><p>disable </p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-ITERATION-MAXIMUM-DIFFERENCE</p></td><td><p>table:maximum-difference</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>HOST-ITERATION-STEPS</p></td><td><p>table:steps</p></td><td><p>100</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note: Host-dependent properties are applicable to style:condition (19.472), table:condition (19.600) and, table:expression (19.639) attributes. </p>
<p>The table:formula attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The table:formula attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:function</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The table:function attribute specifies functions that are applied to tables.</p>
<p>The table:function attribute on all elements has the following defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>average: the average of all numeric values.</p></li>
<li><p>count: the count of all non-empty values, including text.</p></li>
<li><p>countnums: the count of all numeric values.</p></li>
<li><p>max: the maximum of all numeric values.</p></li>
<li><p>min: the minimum of all numeric values.</p></li>
<li><p>product: the product of all numeric values.</p></li>
<li><p>stdev: the standard deviation, treating all numeric values as a sample from a population.</p></li>
<li><p>stdevp: the standard deviation, treating all numeric values as a whole population.</p></li>
<li><p>sum: the sum of all numeric values.</p></li>
<li><p>var: the variance, treating all numeric values as a sample from a population.</p></li>
<li><p>varp: the variance, treating all numeric values as a whole population. </p></li>
<li><p>a value of type string: an implementation-dependent function name.</p></li>
</ul>
<h3>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:function attribute specifies a function. </p>
<p>The table:function attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7.</p>
<p>The values of the table:function attribute are average, count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var, varp or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:function attribute specifies specifies the function which is applied to the cell values of data columns.</p>
<p>For &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; elements whose table:orientation 19.743 attribute has the value data, the defined values for the table:function attribute are those defined in 19.647.1.</p>
<p>For &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; elements whose table:orientation attribute has the value column or row, the only defined value for the table:function attribute is:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: no function is applied to that category field. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:function attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<p>The values of the table:function attribute are auto, average, count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var, varp or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:function attribute specifies the type of subtotals to calculate. </p>
<p>In addition to the values defined in 19.647.1 the following value is defined:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: specifies that subtotals shall use the same function(s) that are used to calculate the &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7 elements with table:orientation=&quot;data&quot; 19.690. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:function attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt; 9.6.10.</p>
<p>The values of the table:function attribute are auto, average, count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var, varp or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:function attribute specifies the type of subtotals to calculate. </p>
<p>The table:function attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-field&gt; 9.4.24.</p>
<p>The values of the table:function attribute are average, count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var, varp or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:grand-total</h2>
<p>The table:grand-total attribute specifies whether a grand total column, row, or both should be displayed in addition to values calculated for each combination of values in the category columns.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:grand-total attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>both: grand totals for rows and columns are displayed in addition to values calculated for other combinations of values.</p></li>
<li><p>column: grand totals for columns are displayed in addition to values calculated for other combinations of values.</p></li>
<li><p>none: grand totals for rows and columns are not displayed in addition to values calculated for other combinations of values.</p></li>
<li><p>row: grand totals for rows are displayed in addition to values calculated for other combinations of values.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is both.</p>
<p>The table:grand-total attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The values of the table:grand-total attribute are none, row, column or both.</p>
<h2>table:group-by-field-number</h2>
<p>The table:group-by-field-number attribute specifies a field, that is to be grouped. It is the number of a row or column within a database range.</p>
<p>The table:group-by-field-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt; 9.4.23.</p>
<p>The table:group-by-field-number attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:grouped-by</h2>
<p>The table:grouped-by attribute specifies the grouping of the date values. Date values can be grouped by seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, quarters or years. </p>
<p>Note: If date values are for instance grouped by minutes, all dates or times that are within the same minute are within one group. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:grouped-by attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>seconds: a value expressed as seconds.</p></li>
<li><p>minutes: a value expressed as minutes.</p></li>
<li><p>hours: a value expressed as hours.</p></li>
<li><p>days: a value expressed as days.</p></li>
<li><p>months: a value expressed as months.</p></li>
<li><p>quarters: a value expressed as quarters (4 equal 3 month segments).</p></li>
<li><p>years: a value expressed as years.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:grouped-by attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<p>The values of the table:grouped-by attribute are seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, quarters or years.</p>
<h2>table:has-persistent-data</h2>
<p>The table:has-persistent-data attribute specifies whether the current data in a database range is saved when the document itself is saved.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:has-persistent-data attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: data in a database range is not saved when the document itself is saved.</p></li>
<li><p>true: data in a database range is saved when the document itself is saved.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:has-persistent-data attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The table:has-persistent-data attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:id</h2>
<p>The table:id attribute specifies the id of an insertion or other tracked change.</p>
<p>The table:id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt; 9.9.7, &lt;table:change-deletion&gt; 9.9.8, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:dependency&gt; 9.9.5, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3, &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; 9.9.11, &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13 and &lt;table:previous&gt; 9.9.19.</p>
<p>The table:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:identify-categories</h2>
<p>The table:identify-categories attribute specifies whether rows that do not contain a value in one of the category columns should use the value of the nearest ancestor row that has a value, or should be moved into a group (or category) of its own. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:identify-categories attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: empty rows form a group or category.</p></li>
<li><p>true: empty rows use the value of the nearest ancestor row that has a value for classification into a group or category.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:identify-categories attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The table:identify-categories attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:ignore-empty-rows</h2>
<p>The table:ignore-empty-rows attribute specifies whether empty rows in a source range should be ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:ignore-empty-rows attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: empty rows in a source range are not ignored.</p></li>
<li><p>true: empty rows in a source range are ignored.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:ignore-empty-rows attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The table:ignore-empty-rows attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:index</h2>
<p>The table:index attribute specifies for the &lt;table:operation&gt; element on which it appears its order in a series of &lt;table:operation&gt; elements under a &lt;table:detective&gt; element. </p>
<p>The table:index attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3.</p>
<p>The table:index attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:is-active</h2>
<p>The table:is-active attribute specifies whether a scenario that belongs to a scenario table is active.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:is-active attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: scenario that belongs to a scenario table is inactive.</p></li>
<li><p>true: scenario that belongs to a scenario table is active.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:is-active attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<p>The table:is-active attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:is-data-layout-field</h2>
<p>The table:is-data-layout-field attribute specifies whether a field is a data layout field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:is-data-layout-field attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: field is not a data layout field.</p></li>
<li><p>true: field is a data layout field.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:is-data-layout-field attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<p>The table:is-data-layout-field attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:is-selection</h2>
<p>The table:is-selection attribute specifies whether the database range includes a complete database, or a selection of records from a database only.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:is-selection attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: database range includes a section of records from a database.</p></li>
<li><p>true: database range includes a complete database.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:is-selection attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The table:is-selection attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:is-sub-table</h2>
<p>The table:is-sub-table attribute specifies if a nested table is a subtable. </p>
<p>If a table cell only contains a single table but no paragraphs or other content, the table can be specified to be a subtable, In which case it occupies the whole cell and no other content can appear in the cell.</p>
<p>The borders of a subtable merge with the borders of the cell where it is specified. A subtable does not have its own style. </p>
<p>A nested table that is not specified to be a subtable appears as a table within a table, that is, it has borders distinct from those of the parent cell and respects the padding of the parent cell.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:is-sub-table attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: nested table is not a subtable.</p></li>
<li><p>true: nested table is a subtable.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:is-sub-table attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:is-sub-table attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:label-cell-range-address</h2>
<p>The table:label-cell-range-address attribute specifies a cell range address for labels.</p>
<p>The table:label-cell-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:label-range&gt; 9.4.9.</p>
<p>The table:label-cell-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<h2>table:language</h2>
<p>The table:language attribute specifies the natural language in which a comparison will occur.</p>
<p>The table:language attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<p>The table:language attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<h2>table:last-column-spanned</h2>
<p>The table:last-column-spanned attribute together with the table:last-row-spanned 19.664 attribute specifies the last known size of a range. If the size of the range has changed since the determination of its size, the value of these attributes will be incorrect. </p>
<p>The table:last-column-spanned attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1.</p>
<p>The table:last-column-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:last-row-end-column (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The table:last-row-end-column attribute specifies the whether the cell in the last row, end column gets its style from its row or column. </p>
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The table:use-last-row-styles 19.746 or table:use-last-column-styles 19.745 attributes should be used instead. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:last-row-end-column attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>column: cell in last row, end column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</p></li>
<li><p>row: cell in last row, end column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:last-row-end-column attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The values of the table:last-row-end-column attribute are row or column.</p>
<h2>table:last-row-spanned</h2>
<p>The table:last-row-spanned attribute together with the table:last-column-spanned 19.662 attribute specifies the last known size of a range. If the size of the range has changed since the determination of its size, the value of these attributes will be incorrect.</p>
<p>The table:last-row-spanned attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1.</p>
<p>The table:last-row-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:last-row-start-column (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The table:last-row-start-column attribute specifies the whether the cell in the last row, start column gets its style from its row or column. </p>
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The table:use-last-row-styles 19.746 or table:use-first-column-styles 19.743attributes should be used instead. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:last-row-start-column attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>column: cell in last row, start column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</p></li>
<li><p>row: cell in last row, start column should inherit its style from the column where it appears.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:last-row-start-column attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The values of the table:last-row-start-column attribute are row or column.</p>
<h2>table:layout-mode</h2>
<p>The table:layout-mode attribute specifies how to layout a field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:layout-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>outline-subtotals-bottom: Same as outline-subtotals-top, except that subtotals are shown at the bottom (below the member&#039;s data, as in tabular layout mode).</p></li>
<li><p>outline-subtotals-top: In outline layout mode, the members from the following field start in the row below a member&#039;s name. Subtotals are shown at the top (in the same row as the member&#039;s name). When the subtotals take up more than one row (manually selected, or because there are multiple data fields), they are always shown below the member&#039;s data, regardless of the setting.</p></li>
<li><p>tabular-layout: Tabular layout mode is the layout, where each member&#039;s name is on the same row as the first member from the following field. Subtotals are always shown below a member&#039;s data in this mode.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:layout-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt; 9.6.15.</p>
<p>The values of the table:layout-mode attribute are tabular-layout, outline-subtotals-top or outline-subtotals-bottom.</p>
<h2>table:link-to-source-data</h2>
<p>The table:link-to-source-data attribute specifies whether the data in a consolidation table range should be linked to the source data, so that it is automatically updated if any changes are made to the source data.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:link-to-source-data attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: data in consolidated table range not linked to source data.</p></li>
<li><p>true: data in consolidated table range is linked to source data.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:link-to-source-data attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7.</p>
<p>The table:link-to-source-data attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:marked-invalid</h2>
<p>The table:marked-invalid attribute specifies whether the current cell is marked invalid. This attribute cannot be used together with any other attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:marked-invalid attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: current cell not marked invalid.</p></li>
<li><p>true: current cell marked invalid.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:marked-invalid attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:highlighted-range&gt; 9.3.4.</p>
<p>The table:marked-invalid attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:matrix-covered</h2>
<p>The table:matrix-covered attribute specifies if a cell is contained in a matrix. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:matrix-covered attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cell is not included in a matrix.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cell is included in a matrix.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:matrix-covered attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16.</p>
<p>The table:matrix-covered attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:maximum-difference</h2>
<p>The table:maximum-difference attribute specifies the maximum difference between two iterative calculation results. The iteration is stopped if the result is less than the value of this attribute. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.001.</p>
<p>The table:maximum-difference attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:iteration&gt; 9.4.3.</p>
<p>The table:maximum-difference attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:member-count</h2>
<p>The table:member-count attribute specifies the number of values, from the top or from the bottom of a data field&#039;s column, that are shown.</p>
<p>The table:member-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt; 9.6.13.</p>
<p>The table:member-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:member-name</h2>
<p>The table:member-name attribute specifies the value of a data pilot member.</p>
<p>The table:member-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; 9.6.16.</p>
<p>The table:member-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:member-type</h2>
<p>The table:member-type attribute specifies the member of the referenced category column, whose value within the current data field is taken into account. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:member-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>named: the table:member-name 19.672 attribute on the same &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; element specifies the member whose value within the data field is taken into account.</p></li>
<li><p>next: the value of the data field for the next visible member of the referenced category column is taken into account. Empty members are skipped.</p></li>
<li><p>previous: the value of the data field for the next visible member of the referenced category column is taken into account. Empty members are skipped.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:member-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; 9.6.16.</p>
<h2>table:message-type</h2>
<p>The table:message-type attribute specifies the display of messages.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:message-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>information: message is displayed as information only.</p></li>
<li><p>stop: message is displayed as an error and the operation that caused the validation check is stopped.</p></li>
<li><p>warning: message is displayed as a warning.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is stop.</p>
<p>The table:message-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7.</p>
<p>The values of the table:message-type attribute are stop, warning or information.</p>
<h2>table:mode</h2>
<p>The table:mode attribute specifies what data should be copied from a source table to a destination table. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>copy-all: formulas and styles are copied.</p></li>
<li><p>copy-results-only: only formula results and non-calculated cell content are copied.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is copy-all.</p>
<p>The table:mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<p>The values of the table:mode attribute are copy-all or copy-results-only.</p>
<h2>table:multi-deletion-spanned</h2>
<p>The table:multi-deletion-spanned attribute specifies the total number of deleted rows or columns when multiple columns or rows were deleted simultaneously. Each deleted row or column is represented by a &lt;table:deletion&gt; element. The first &lt;table:deletion&gt; element in a set representing a simultaneous deletion shall carry a table:multi-deletion-spanned attribute that specifies the total number of deleted rows or columns.</p>
<p>The table:multi-deletion-spanned attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9.</p>
<p>The table:multi-deletion-spanned attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies a name.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a source database range or named range.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a content validation rule. It is used to reference the validation rule from the cell the rule should applied. </p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a group.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt; 9.6.18.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a member.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt; 9.6.19.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the value for which display information is specified.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a data pilot table.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a database range on which to perform operations. Within a single document, only one database range may have no name. This database range is created by the consumer and is used to filter or sort data in a cell range without the user creating a database range.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of an expression.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:named-expression&gt; 9.4.13.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a database range on which to perform operations. Within a single document, only one database range may have no name. </p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:named-range&gt; 9.4.12.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:operation&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a detective operation. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:name attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>remove-dependents: removes highlighting from cells that use the value of the current cell in their formula.</p></li>
<li><p>remove-precedents: removes highlighting from cells whose values are used in the formula of the current cell.</p></li>
<li><p>trace-dependents: highlights cells that use the value of the current cell in their formula.</p></li>
<li><p>trace-errors: highlights cells that cause an error while calculating the result of the current cell&#039;s formula.</p></li>
<li><p>trace-precedents: highlights cells whose values are used in the formula of the current cell.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The nature of the highlighting imposed on or removed from cells as the result of detective operations is implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3.</p>
<p>The values of the table:name attribute are trace-dependents, remove-dependents, trace-precedents, remove-precedents or trace-errors.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a cell range containing source data. The value of this attribute shall be a string matching the value of a table:name attribute of a table:named-range element. </p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a service. The value of this attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a table.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:name attribute specifies the name of a table template.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-template&gt; 16.20.</p>
<p>The table:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:null-year</h2>
<p>The table:null-year attribute specifies the start year for year values that contain only two digits. All two-digit year values are interpreted as a year that is the same as or follows the start year.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1930.</p>
<p>The table:null-year attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<p>The table:null-year attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:number-columns-repeated</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute specifies the repetition of columns.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute specifies the number of successive columns in which a cell is repeated. It may be used to describe two or more adjoining cells with a single cell element, if they meet the following conditions:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The cells contain the same content and style.</p></li>
<li><p>The cells are not merged horizontally or vertically.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5.</p>
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute specifies the number of successive columns in which a cell is repeated. It may be used to describe two or more adjoining cells with a single cell element, if they meet the following conditions:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The cells contain the same content and style.</p></li>
<li><p>The cells are not merged horizontally or vertically.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute specifies the number of columns to which a column description applies. If two or more columns are adjoining, and have the same style, this attribute may be used to describe them with a single &lt;table:table-column&gt; element.</p>
<p>For a &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6.</p>
<p>The table:number-columns-repeated attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:number-columns-spanned</h2>
<p>The table:number-columns-spanned attribute specifies the number of columns that a cell spans.</p>
<p>When a cell covers another cell because of a column or row span value greater than one, a &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 element shall appear in the table to represent the covered cell.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The table:number-columns-spanned attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The table:number-columns-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:number-rows-repeated</h2>
<p>The table:number-rows-repeated attribute specifies the number of rows to which a row element applies. If two or more rows are adjoining, and have the same content and style, and do not contain vertically merged cells, they may be described by a single &lt;table:table-row&gt; element that has a table:number-rows-repeated attribute with a value greater than 1.</p>
<p>When a cell covers another cell because of a column or row span value greater than one, a &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 element shall appear in the table to represent the covered cell.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The table:number-rows-repeated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<p>The table:number-rows-repeated attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:number-rows-spanned</h2>
<p>The table:number-rows-spanned attribute specifies the number of rows that a cell spans.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The table:number-rows-spanned attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The table:number-rows-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:number-matrix-columns-spanned</h2>
<p>The table:number-matrix-columns-spanned attribute specifies the number of columns spanned by a matrix.</p>
<p>The table:number-matrix-columns-spanned attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The table:number-matrix-columns-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:number-matrix-rows-spanned</h2>
<p>The table:number-matrix-rows-spanned attribute specifies the number of rows spanned by a matrix.</p>
<p>The table:number-matrix-rows-spanned attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt; 9.9.16 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The table:number-matrix-rows-spanned attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:object-name</h2>
<p>The table:object-name attribute specifies the name of the object in the source which contains the data and is passed to the service implementation. Its value is implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<p>The table:object-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<p>The table:object-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:on-update-keep-size</h2>
<p>The table:on-update-keep-size attribute specifies the behavior of a database range if the size of the data in the data source changes. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:on-update-keep-size attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: range does not retain its size.</p></li>
<li><p>true: range retains its size.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:on-update-keep-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The table:on-update-keep-size attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:on-update-keep-styles</h2>
<p>The table:on-update-keep-styles attribute specifies the behavior if the database range is updated. If the attribute value is true, the cell styles that are assigned to the cells in the first non-label row of the database range are used for all rows with in the database range. If the attribute value is false, all cells in the database range are assigned the default cell style of the document assigned.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:on-update-keep-styles attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: all cells in the database range get the default cell style of the document assigned.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cell styles that are assigned to the cells in the first non-label row of the database range are used for all rows with in the database range.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:on-update-keep-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The table:on-update-keep-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:operator</h2>
<p>The table:operator attribute specifies the operator to use in a filter condition. Each cell contained in columns specified by a field number (table:field-number 19.641 attribute) is compared to a value (table:value 19.641 attribute) using the specified operator. The result of this comparison is the result of the filter sub-conditions specified by a &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; element.</p>
<p>The defined operators that use regular expressions are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>match (matches)</p></li>
<li><p>!match (does not match)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:value attribute contains the regular expression. </p>
<p>Regular expressions are implementation-dependent expressions that, at a minimum, conform to the requirements of Conformance Clause C1 of [UTR18].</p>
<p>The defined operators that do not use regular expressions are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>= (equal to)</p></li>
<li><p>!= (not equal to)</p></li>
<li><p>&lt; (less than)</p></li>
<li><p>&gt; (greater than)</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;= (less than or equal to)</p></li>
<li><p>&gt;= (greater than or equal to)</p></li>
<li><p>begins (begins with)</p></li>
<li><p>contains (contains)</p></li>
<li><p>!contains (does not contain)</p></li>
<li><p>ends (ends with)</p></li>
<li><p>!begins (does not begin with)</p></li>
<li><p>!ends (does not end with)</p></li>
<li><p>bottom percent (same as bottom values, except that the office:value 19.752 attribute specifies the number of cells for which the condition is true as a percentage)</p></li>
<li><p>bottom values (true for the <em>n</em> cells that have the smallest value, where <em>n</em> is the value of the office:value attribute)</p></li>
<li><p>empty (true for empty cells)</p></li>
<li><p>!empty (true for non-empty cells)</p></li>
<li><p>top percent (same as bottom percent, but for the largest values)</p></li>
<li><p>top values (same as bottom values, but for the largest values)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Depending on the value of the table:data-type 19.388 attribute, all operations take place on string or numeric values.</p>
<p>The table:operator attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5.</p>
<p>The table:operator attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:order</h2>
<p>The table:order attribute specifies whether a sort order should be in ascending or descending order.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:order attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>ascending: sorting of values should be in ascending order.</p></li>
<li><p>descending: sorting of values should be in descending order.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: Sorting is locale- and implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>For &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20 and &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; 9.4.22 elements the default value for this attribute is ascending.</p>
<p>The table:order attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; 9.6.14, &lt;table:sort-by&gt; 9.4.20 and &lt;table:sort-groups&gt; 9.4.22.</p>
<p>The values of the table:order attribute are ascending or descending.</p>
<h2>table:orientation</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The table:orientation attribute specifies the organizing of tables.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:orientation attribute specifies the orientation of a source field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:orientation attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>column: field specifies a category column</p></li>
<li><p>data: field specifies a data column</p></li>
<li><p>hidden: field has a corresponding column in a data pilot&#039;s source but are not visible in the data pilot table.</p></li>
<li><p>page: specifies that an automatic filter (one that allows to choose one of the values that are contained in the column) should be generated for the corresponding column. In that case, an additional field with row, column or data orientation shall exist for the column. The table:selected-page attribute specifies which value is selected for the filter.</p></li>
<li><p>row: specifies a category row</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:orientation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<p>The values of the table:orientation attribute are row, column, data, hidden or page.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:orientation attribute specifies whether data fields are organized in row or columns.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:orientation attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>column: organization is by columns</p></li>
<li><p>row: organization is by rows</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15 element the default value for this attribute is row.</p>
<p>The table:orientation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The values of the table:orientation attribute are column or row.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:orientation attribute specifies whether labels label rows or columns. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:orientation attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>column: label range oriented by column</p></li>
<li><p>row: label range oriented by row</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:orientation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:label-range&gt; 9.4.9.</p>
<p>The values of the table:orientation attribute are column or row.</p>
<h2>table:page-breaks-on-group-change</h2>
<p>The table:page-breaks-on-group-change attribute specifies whether to insert a page break after the subtotal for each group.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:page-breaks-on-group-change attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: page breaks are not inserted after subtotals for a group.</p></li>
<li><p>true: page breaks are inserted after subtotals for a group.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:page-breaks-on-group-change attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt; 9.4.21.</p>
<p>The table:page-breaks-on-group-change attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:paragraph-style-name</h2>
<p>The table:paragraph-style-name attribute specifies the paragraph style which should be applied to the empty paragraphs created in cells for tables created from a template.</p>
<p>The table:paragraph-style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:body&gt; 16.21.6, &lt;table:even-columns&gt; 16.21.9, &lt;table:even-rows&gt; 16.21.7, &lt;table:first-column&gt; 16.21.4, &lt;table:first-row&gt; 16.21.2, &lt;table:last-column&gt; 16.21.5, &lt;table:last-row&gt; 16.21.3, &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; 16.21.10 and &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; 16.21.8.</p>
<p>The table:paragraph-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>table:parse-sql-statement</h2>
<p>A table:parse-sql-statement attribute specifies whether the consumer will parse SQL statements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:parse-sql-statement attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: consumer does not parse SQL statements.</p></li>
<li><p>true: consumer parses SQL statements.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:parse-sql-statement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16.</p>
<p>The table:parse-sql-statement attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:password</h2>
<p>The table:password attribute specifies the password needed to access the source. It is passed to the service implementation. Its value is implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<p>The table:password attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<p>The table:password attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:position</h2>
<p>The table:position attribute specifies the position where an insertion or deletion was made in a table. Depending on the type of insertion or deletion, the value is the number of a row, a column or a table.</p>
<p>If multiple rows or columns get deleted, the table:start-position 19.723 and table:end-position 19.633 attributes contain the number of the first (inclusive) and last (exclusive) deleted rows or columns.</p>
<p>The table:position attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3, &lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt; 9.9.11 and &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; 9.9.12.</p>
<p>The table:position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:precision-as-shown</h2>
<p>The table:precision-as-shown attribute specifies whether to perform a calculation using the rounded values displayed in the spreadsheet or using all of the digits in a value. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:precision-as-shown attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: calculations are performed using all of the digits in a value, but the result is displayed as a rounded number.</p></li>
<li><p>true: calculations are performed using the rounded values displayed in the spreadsheet.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:precision-as-shown attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<p>The table:precision-as-shown attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:print</h2>
<p>The table:print attribute specifies if a table will be printed. The table:print attribute value is overridden by the table:display 19.621 attribute. If the table is not displayed, it will also not be printed.</p>
<p>If a table is printed, the table range printed can be specified by the table:print-ranges attribute. If there is no table:print-ranges 19.698 attribute or it has no value specified, the non-empty portion of a table will be printed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:print attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: table cannot be printed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: table can be printed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:print attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:print attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:print-ranges</h2>
<p>The table:print-ranges attribute specifies print ranges of a table. Print ranges define the cells that will be printed. It contains a list of cell addresses or cell range addresses.</p>
<p>The table:print-ranges attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:print-ranges attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h2>table:protect (deprecated) </h2>
<p>The table:protect attribute specifies whether a table cell is protected. Users cannot edit the content of a cell that is marked as protected.</p>
<p>This attribute is deprecated in favor of the table:protected 19.700 attribute. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:protect attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cell is not protected.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cell is protected.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:protect attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 and &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The table:protect attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:protected</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The table:protected attribute specifies protection for tables.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; </h3>
<p>The table:protected attribute specifies whether a table cell is protected. Users cannot edit the content of a cell that is marked as protected. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:protected attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cell is not protected.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cell is protected.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5 element the default value for this attribute is false. </p>
<p>The table:protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5.</p>
<p>The table:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:protected attribute specifies specifies whether the data that is displayed within the scenario is protected from being edited. The attribute is only evaluated if the table on which the scenario displayed is also protected. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:protected attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: data is not protected.</p></li>
<li><p>true: data is protected.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<p>The table:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:protected attribute specifies whether a table is protected from editing. If the table is protected, the table:protection-key 19.701 attribute can specify an authorization requirement for resetting the protection to enable editing.  For a protected table, the protection of table cells may be controlled individually by the style:cell-protect 20.253 attribute.  Table cells are protected only if they have a table cell style assigned whose style:cell-protect attribute value is different than none. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:protected attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: table is not protected.</p></li>
<li><p>true: table is protected.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 element the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-cell&gt; </h3>
<p>The table:protected attribute specifies whether a table cell is protected. Users cannot edit the content of a cell that is marked as protected. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:protected attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cell is not protected.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cell is protected.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4 element the default value for this attribute is false. </p>
<p>The table:protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The table:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:protection-key</h2>
<p>The table:protection-key attribute, when present, specifies that an authorization is required for removing the protection of a table, table cell or scenario. The authentication procedure is identified by the table:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute. 19.702 The attribute value is binary data that may be used by the authentication procedure.</p>
<p>The password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8 encoding. </p>
<p>The table:protection-key attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:protection-key attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:protection-key-digest-algorithm</h2>
<p>The table:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute value is an IRI that identifies an authentication procedure for removing a protection.</p>
<p>If the IRI identifies a message-digest algorithm specified in §5.7 of [xmlenc-core], the value of table:protection-key 20.253 attribute shall be the hash value of the password that is required to authorize removal of the protection. The password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8 encoding. </p>
<p>Any other procedures, their identifying IRIs, and their application of table:protection-key values are implementation-defined.</p>
<p>Consumers shall support http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1<a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1,">,</a> which is the default, and http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. They may support other algorithms described in §5.7 of [xmlenc-core] or alternative procedures. Producers should use http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1.</p>
<p>The table:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7 and &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h2>table:query-name</h2>
<p>A table:query-name attribute specifies a query to perform on a database whose data is being imported.</p>
<p>The table:query-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-source-query&gt; 9.4.18.</p>
<p>The table:query-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:range-usable-as</h2>
<p>The table:range-usable-as attribute specifies whether the name of the range can be used within the specification of a print range, a filter, a repeating row, or a repeat column. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:range-usable-as attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>none</p></li>
<li><p>a white space-separated list that consists of any of the values print-range, filter, repeat-row or repeat-column.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The table:range-usable-as attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:named-range&gt; 9.4.12.</p>
<p>The values of the table:range-usable-as attribute are none, or white space separated non-empty lists of one of these values: print-range, filter, repeat-row, or repeat-column..</p>
<h2>table:refresh-delay</h2>
<p>The table:refresh-delay attribute specifies a time delay between automatic refresh actions.</p>
<p>The table:refresh-delay attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15 and &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<p>The table:refresh-delay attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:rejecting-change-id</h2>
<p>The table:rejecting-change-id attribute specifies the id of a previously-tracked change that has been rejected. </p>
<p>The table:rejecting-change-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-content-change&gt; 9.9.17, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3 and &lt;table:movement&gt; 9.9.13.</p>
<p>The table:rejecting-change-id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<p>The table:rfc-language-tag attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the table:language, table:script and table:country attributes.</p>
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don&#039;t support the table:rfc-language-tag attribute by specifying table:language 19.701, table:script 19.661 and table:country 19.710 attributes with values that are implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The table:rfc-language-tag attribute augments the table:language, table:script and table:country attributes. It shall only be used if its value could not be expressed as a valid combination of those. The value shall be a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors. If a fall-back is provided for consumers that do not support the table:rfc-language-tag attribute, producers should add table:language, table:script and table:country attributes whose values are as close as possible to the value of the table:rfc-language-tag attribute. Producers shall not use values for these attributes that contradict the value of the table:rfc-language-tag attribute.</p>
<p>The table:rfc-language-tag attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<p>The table:rfc-language-tag attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<h2>table:row</h2>
<p>The table:row attribute specifies the row number of a cell. </p>
<p>The table:row attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-address&gt; 9.9.18, &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<p>The table:row attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:scenario-ranges</h2>
<p>The table:scenario-ranges attribute specifies the table range that is displayed as a scenario. The value of this attribute is a white-space-separated list of cell range addresses.</p>
<p>The table:scenario-ranges attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:scenario&gt; 9.2.7.</p>
<p>The table:scenario-ranges attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h2>table:script</h2>
<p>The table:script attribute specifies the script information for the natural language in which comparisons will occur. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>The table:script attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<p>The table:script attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<h2>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</h2>
<p>The table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell attribute specifies whether a search pattern matches the entire content of a cell.</p>
<p>Note: The table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell is used with the &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 19.600 element when the table:data-type 19.615 attribute has the value text and the table:operator 9.5.5 attribute has a value of: match, !match, =, or !=.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: search pattern can match a substring at any position within a cell. </p></li>
<li><p>true: search pattern matches entire content of a cell. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<p>The table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:selected-page</h2>
<p>The table:selected-page attribute specifies which value is selected for an automatic filter.</p>
<p>The table:selected-page attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<p>The table:selected-page attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:show-details</h2>
<p>The table:show-details attribute specifies whether additional fields are displayed for a member. This attribute changes the behavior of a data pilot only if there are multiple fields with the orientation row or column.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:show-details attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: field with a row or column orientation that is not the last field with this orientation, no members are displayed for following fields with the same orientation. Data displayed for these fields is summarized using a function specified by the data pilot&#039;s table:function 19.647 attribute. </p></li>
<li><p>true: field with a row or column orientation that is not the last field with this orientation, members are displayed for following fields with the same orientation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:show-details attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; 9.6.12.</p>
<p>The table:show-details attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:show-empty</h2>
<p>The table:show-empty attribute specifies whether fields that do not have any members should be displayed. If this attribute is not present, it is implementation-defined whether fields without members are displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:show-empty attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: fields without members are not displayed. </p></li>
<li><p>true: fields without members are displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:show-empty attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt; 9.6.8.</p>
<p>The table:show-empty attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:show-filter-button</h2>
<p>The table:show-filter-button attribute specifies whether a filter button is displayed for a data pilot table. A filter button displays a user interface for a filter if pushed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:show-filter-button attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: filter button is not shown in UI. </p></li>
<li><p>true: filter button is shown in UI.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:show-filter-button attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The table:show-filter-button attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:sort-mode</h2>
<p>The table:sort-mode attribute specifies how to sort the members of a single data pilot field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:sort-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>data: fields are sorted by values in the data field specified by a table:data-field 19.611 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>manual: fields are sorted by the user</p></li>
<li><p>name: fields are sorted by name of the field</p></li>
<li><p>none: fields are not sorted.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:sort-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt; 9.6.14.</p>
<h2>table:source-cell-range-addresses</h2>
<p>The table:source-cell-range-addresses attribute specifies source cell ranges.</p>
<p>The table:source-cell-range-addresses attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7.</p>
<p>The table:source-cell-range-addresses attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h2>table:source-field-name</h2>
<p>The table:source-field-name attribute specifies the name or label of a column that connects to a field.</p>
<p>There can be multiple &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; elements with the same value for this attribute.</p>
<p>The table:source-field-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7 and &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<p>The table:source-field-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:source-name</h2>
<p>The table:source-name attribute specifies a source name that is passed to the service implementation. Its value is implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<p>The table:source-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<p>The table:source-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:sql-statement</h2>
<p>An table:sql-statement attribute specifies the SQL statement to use when importing data from an SQL database.</p>
<p>The table:sql-statement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-source-sql&gt; 9.4.16.</p>
<p>The table:sql-statement attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:start</h2>
<p>The table:start attribute specifies the start value for a grouping of numeric values. All values that are lower than the start value are contained in a single group, while values that are equal to or higher than the start value are grouped as specified by the table:grouped-by 19.650 and table:step 19.650 attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:start attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: the lowest value of the field is used as the start value.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type double.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:start attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<p>The values of the table:start attribute are a value of type double 18.2 or auto.</p>
<h2>table:start-column</h2>
<p>The table:start-column attribute specifies the start-column for a cell range address. The value of a table:start-column attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The table:start-column attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<p>The table:start-column attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:start-position</h2>
<p>The table:start-position attribute specifies the number of the first deleted row or column if multiple rows or columns are deleted. The value of a table:start-position attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The table:start-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt; 9.9.12.</p>
<p>The table:start-position attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:start-row</h2>
<p>The table:start-row attribute specifies the start-row for a cell range address. The value of a table:start-row attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The table:start-row attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<p>The table:start-row attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:start-table</h2>
<p>The table:start-table attribute specifies the start-table for a cell range address. The value of a table:start-table attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The table:start-table attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<p>The table:start-table attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:status</h2>
<p>The table:status attribute specifies whether iterative calculations are enabled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:status attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>enable: iterative calculations will occur.</p></li>
<li><p>disable: iterative calculations will not occur.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is disable.</p>
<p>The table:status attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:iteration&gt; 9.4.3.</p>
<p>The values of the table:status attribute are enable or disable.</p>
<h2>table:step</h2>
<p>The table:step attribute specifies the grouping of numeric values, by specifying the distance between the groups.</p>
<p>The table:step attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt; 9.6.17.</p>
<p>The table:step attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:steps</h2>
<p>The table:steps attribute specifies the maximum number of iterative calculations. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 100.</p>
<p>The table:steps attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:iteration&gt; 9.4.3.</p>
<p>The table:steps attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:structure-protected</h2>
<p>The table:structure-protected attribute specifies whether a table is protected from the insertion, deletion, moving or renaming of tables in the document. If the table structure is protected and the table:protection-key 19.701 attribute is present, an authorization is required for resetting the protection to enable editing.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:show-details attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: table is not protected.</p></li>
<li><p>true: table is protected.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:structure-protected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; 3.7.</p>
<p>The table:structure-protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:style-name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies styles that are assigned to elements. The style can be either an automatic or common style.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:background&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element for the table. The style specified by the &lt;style:style&gt; has a style:family 19.480 attribute with the value table.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:background&gt; 16.22.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:body&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:body&gt; 16.21.6.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>If a cell does not have a cell style assigned, then the table:default-cell-style-name attribute of the table row specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the table:default-cell-style-name attribute of the table column specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the default style with family table-cell specifies the style for the cell. </p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:even-columns&gt; 16.21.9.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:even-rows&gt; 16.21.7.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:first-column&gt; 16.21.4.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:first-row&gt; 16.21.2.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:last-column&gt; 16.21.5.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:last-row&gt; 16.21.3.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; 16.21.10.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; 16.21.8.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>If a cell does not have a cell style assigned, then the table:default-cell-style-name attribute of the table row specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the table:default-cell-style-name attribute of the table column specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the default style with family table-cell specifies the style for the cell. </p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-column.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table-row.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:style-name attribute specifies a &lt;style:style&gt; element of type table.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>table:tab-color</h2>
<p>The table:tab-color attribute specifies the color of the tab associated with a sheet.</p>
<p>When this attribute is missing, the application should use the default color used for sheet tabs.</p>
<h2>table:table</h2>
<p>The table:table attribute specifies a table number for insertions, deletions and for table cells. </p>
<p>The table:table attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:cell-address&gt; 9.9.18, &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9, &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3, &lt;table:source-range-address&gt; 9.9.14 and &lt;table:target-range-address&gt; 9.9.15.</p>
<p>The table:table attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:table-background</h2>
<p>The table:table-background attribute specifies whether a shape is in the table background if the drawing shape is included in a spreadsheet document. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:table-background attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: shape is included in foreground of a table.</p></li>
<li><p>true: shape is included in background of a table.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:table-background attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The table:table-background attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:table-name</h2>
<p>The table:table-name attribute specifies the name of the table in the source document to which the current table is linked. If the attribute is omitted, the current table is linked to the first table in the source document.</p>
<p>The table:table-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<p>The table:table-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:target-cell-address</h2>
<p>The table:target-cell-address attribute specifies a target cell address.</p>
<p>The table:target-cell-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7.</p>
<p>The table:target-cell-address attribute has the data type cellAddress 18.3.4.</p>
<h2>table:target-range-address</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute specifies a cell range address. The value of this attribute shall be an absolute cell address that contains a table name. The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) that indicate an absolute address may be omitted.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute specifies the cell range where a data pilot table will be displayed. </p>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt; 9.6.3.</p>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute specifies the cell range address of a database range.</p>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:database-range&gt; 9.4.15.</p>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:filter&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute specifies the cell range for the result of a filter operation, but all table rows remain visible. If the attribute is not present, the rows that do not match the filter conditions are not displayed.</p>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter&gt; 9.5.2.</p>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:sort&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute specifies the cell range for the result of a sort operation. If the attribute is not present, the cell range for the result is identical to the cell range of the database range. </p>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:sort&gt; 9.4.19.</p>
<p>The table:target-range-address attribute has the data type cellRangeAddress 18.3.5.</p>
<h2>table:template-name</h2>
<p>The table:template-name attribute specifies a table template by name.</p>
<p>The table:template-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:template-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:title</h2>
<p>The table:title attribute that specifies a title of a help or error message.</p>
<p>The table:title attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:error-message&gt; 9.4.7 and &lt;table:help-message&gt; 9.4.6.</p>
<p>The table:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:track-changes</h2>
<p>The table:track-changes attribute specifies whether change tracking is enabled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:track-changes attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: changes are not tracked.</p></li>
<li><p>true: changes are tracked.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:track-changes attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:tracked-changes&gt; 9.9.2.</p>
<p>The table:track-changes attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:type</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The table:type attribute specifies a type for a table. </p>
<h3>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:type attribute specifies the processing of a referenced category column for display.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>column-percentage: Same as row-percentage, but the total for the result&#039;s column is used.</p></li>
<li><p>index: The row and column totals and the grand total are calculated as described for row-percentage, and then are used to calculate the following expression: (original result * grand total ) / ( row total * column total ). Division by zero is an error.</p></li>
<li><p>member-difference: From each result, the value calculated for the category column member specified by the table:member-type and table:member-name attributes is subtracted.</p></li>
<li><p>member-percentage: Each result is divided by the value calculated for the category column member specified by the table:member-type 19.673 and table:member-name 19.672 attributes. Division by zero is an error. Empty results are shown as “0”. If the table:member-type attribute has the value previous, “1” is displayed as first value. If the table:member-type attribute has the value next, “1” is displayed as last value.</p></li>
<li><p>member-percentage-difference: From each result, the value calculated for the category column member specified by the table:member-type 19.673 and table:member-name 19.672 attributes is subtracted, and the result is divided by this value again. Division by zero is an error. Otherwise, the rules for member-difference apply.</p></li>
<li><p>none: This value means that the results in the data fields are displayed unmodified.</p></li>
<li><p>row-percentage: Each result is divided by the total result for its row in the data pilot table. If there are multiple data fields, the total for the result&#039;s data field is used. If there are subtotals with manually-selected summary functions, the total is calculated with the data field&#039;s summary function. Division by zero results in an error.</p></li>
<li><p>running-total: Each result is added to the sum of the results for preceding members in the referenced category column, in the reference field&#039;s sort order, and the total sum is shown.</p></li>
<li><p>total-percentage: Same as row-percentage, but the grand total for the result&#039;s data field is used.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt; 9.6.16.</p>
<p>The values of the table:type attribute are none, member-difference, member-percentage, member-percentage-difference, running-total, row-percentage, column-percentage, total-percentage or index.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:deletion&gt; </h3>
<p>The table:type attribute specifies the type of a deletion. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>column: column deleted.</p></li>
<li><p>row: row deleted.</p></li>
<li><p>table: table deleted.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:deletion&gt; 9.9.9.</p>
<p>The values of the table:type attribute are row, column or table.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:type attribute specifies the type of an insertion. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>column: column inserted.</p></li>
<li><p>row: row inserted.</p></li>
<li><p>table: table inserted.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:insertion&gt; 9.9.3.</p>
<p>The values of the table:type attribute are row, column or table.</p>
<h2>table:use-banding-columns-styles</h2>
<p>The table:use-banding-columns-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:even-columns&gt; 16.21.9 and &lt;table:odd-columns&gt; 16.21.10 elements of a table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in even and odd columns.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:use-banding-columns-styles attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cells are not styled based on even or odd column location.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cells are styled based on even or odd column location.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:use-banding-columns-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:use-banding-columns-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:use-banding-rows-styles</h2>
<p>The table:use-banding-rows-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:even-rows&gt; 16.21.7 and &lt;table:odd-rows&gt; 16.21.8 elements of a table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in even and odd rows.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:use-banding-rows-styles attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cells not styled based on even or odd row location.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cells styled based on even or odd row location.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:use-banding-rows-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:use-banding-rows-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:use-first-column-styles</h2>
<p>The table:use-first-column-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:first-column&gt; 16.21.4 element of the table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table&#039;s first column. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:use-first-column-styles attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cells not styled based on first column location.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cells styled based on first column location.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:use-first-column-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:use-first-column-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:use-first-row-styles</h2>
<p>The table:use-first-row-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:first-row&gt; 16.21.2 element of the table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table&#039;s first row.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:use-first-row-styles attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cells not styled based on first row location.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cells styled based on first row location.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:use-first-row-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:use-first-row-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:use-last-column-styles</h2>
<p>The table:use-last-column-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:last-column&gt; 16.21.5 element of the table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table&#039;s last column. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:use-last-column-styles attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cells not styled based on last column location.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cells styled based on last column location.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:use-last-column-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:use-last-column-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:use-last-row-styles</h2>
<p>The table:use-last-row-styles attribute specifies if the styles referenced by the &lt;table:last-row&gt; 16.21.3 element of the table template referenced by the table:template-name 19.737 attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table&#039;s last row. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:use-last-row-styles attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: cells not styled based on last row location.</p></li>
<li><p>true: cells styled based on last row location.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:use-last-row-styles attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2.</p>
<p>The table:use-last-row-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:use-labels</h2>
<p>The table:use-labels attribute specifies whether labels should be used by the consolidation for rows, columns or both. If labels are used for rows or columns, mathematical functions are applied to cells with equally-labeled rows or columns rather than to cells with the same relative cell address.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>both: column and row labels used for consolidation.</p></li>
<li><p>column: column labels used for consolidation.</p></li>
<li><p>none: labels not used for consolidation.</p></li>
<li><p>row: row labels used for consolidation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The table:use-labels attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:consolidation&gt; 9.7.</p>
<p>The values of the table:use-labels attribute are none, row, column or both.</p>
<h2>table:use-regular-expressions</h2>
<p>The table:use-regular-expressions attribute specifies whether regular expressions are enabled for character-string comparisons and when searching.</p>
<p>Regular expressions are implementation-dependent expressions that, at a minimum, conform to the requirements of Conformance Clause C1 of [UTR18].</p>
<p>The table:use-wildcard 19.749 attribute and the table:use-regular-expressions attribute are mutually exclusive. The attribute values cannot be true for both attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:use-regular-expressions attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: regular expressions not enabled for string comparisons and searches.</p></li>
<li><p>true: regular expressions enabled for string comparisons and searches.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The table:use-regular-expressions attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<p>The table:use-regular-expressions attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:use-wildcards</h2>
<p>The table:use-wildcards attribute specifies whether wildcards are enabled for character-string comparisons and when searching.</p>
<p>If enabled, in a query or search string of a function, the “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK), “*&quot; (U+002A, ASTERISK), and “~&quot; (U+007E, TILDE) are defined as:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&quot;?&quot; (U+003F, QUESTION MARK): matches any single character;</p></li>
<li><p>&quot;*&quot; (U+002A, ASTERISK): matches any sequence of characters, including an empty string;</p></li>
<li><p>&quot;~&quot; (U+007E, TILDE): escapes the special meaning of a QUESTION MARK, ASTERISK or TILDE character that follows immediately after the TILDE character.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:use-regular-expressions 19.748 attribute and the table:use-wildcards attribute are mutually exclusive. The attribute values cannot be true for both attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:use-wildcards attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: wildcards are not enabled for character-string comparisons and searching.</p></li>
<li><p>true: wildcards are enabled for character-string comparisons and searching.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The table:use-wildcards attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:calculation-settings&gt; 9.4.1.</p>
<p>The table:use-wildcards attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>table:used-hierarchy</h2>
<p>The table:used-hierarchy attribute specifies a unique number assigned by an external component to select the hierarchy that should be applied to a source field. </p>
<p>If the data pilot source is provided by an external component or service, the data contained within category columns may be grouped by its value and it may be further divided into sub-groups or hierarchies. If an external component supports hierarchies, it shall assign unique numbers to those hierarchies. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is -1. The default value of -1 means no hierarchy should be applied to a source field.</p>
<p>The table:used-hierarchy attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7.</p>
<p>The table:used-hierarchy attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:user-name</h2>
<p>The table:user-name attribute specifies the user name needed to access a source. It is passed to a service implementation. Its value is implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<p>The table:user-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:source-service&gt; 9.6.6.</p>
<p>The table:user-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:value</h2>
<h3>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:value attribute specifies a value for the filter condition.</p>
<p>The table:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter-condition&gt; 9.5.5.</p>
<p>The values of the table:value attribute are a value of type string 18.2 or a value of type double 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</h3>
<p>The table:value attribute specifies a single value within a set of filter values.</p>
<p>The table:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:filter-set-item&gt; 9.5.6.</p>
<p>The table:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>table:value-type</h2>
<p>The table:value-type attribute specifies the value type of a null date. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is date.</p>
<p>The table:value-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:null-date&gt; 9.4.2.</p>
<p>The only value of the table:value-type attribute is date.</p>
<h2>table:visibility</h2>
<p>The table:visibility attribute specifies whether a row or column is visible.,</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:visibility attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>collapse: a row or column is not visible.</p></li>
<li><p>filter: a row or column is not visible as the result of applying a filter.</p></li>
<li><p>visible: a row or column is visible.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is visible.</p>
<p>The table:visibility attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6 and &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3.</p>
<p>The values of the table:visibility attribute are visible, collapse or filter.</p>
<h2>text:active</h2>
<p>The text:active attribute specifies the setting of the page variable.</p>
<p>The value of an active page variable is increased on each page.</p>
<p>An inactive page variable is not incremented between pages. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:active attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: page variable is inactive.</p></li>
<li><p>true: page variable is active.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:active attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:active attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:address</h2>
<p>The text:address attribute specifies the address for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:address attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:address attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:alphabetical-separators</h2>
<p>The text:alphabetical-separators attribute specifies whether entries beginning with the same letter are grouped and separated from the entries beginning with the next letter.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:alphabetical-separators attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: entries beginning with the same letter are not grouped together and separated from entries beginning with the next letter.</p></li>
<li><p>true: entries beginning with the same letter are grouped together and separated from entries beginning with the next letter.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:alphabetical-separators attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The text:alphabetical-separators attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:anchor-page-number</h2>
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute specifies the physical page number of an anchor if the drawing object is bound to a page within a text document.</p>
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:anchor-type</h2>
<p>The text:anchor-type attribute specifies how a drawing shape is bound to a text document. The anchor position is the point at which a drawing shape is bound to a text document. The defined values for the text:anchor-type attribute are shown in Table 17.</p>
<p>The same attribute is available as graphic property 20.418.</p>
<p>If the attribute is given both as element attribute and as graphic property 20.418, then the element attribute has precedence over the graphic property.</p>
<p>If neither an element attribute nor a graphic property is given or can be found by inheritance, then the attribute text:anchor-type defaults to value &quot;paragraph&quot;.</p>
<p>Table 17 - Text anchor positions</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>If the value of the text:anchor-type attribute is ...</p></th><th><p>The anchor position is...</p></th><th><p>The drawing shape element shall be located in file text ...</p></th><th><p>Notes</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>as-char</p></td><td><p>There is no anchor position. The drawing shape behaves like a character.</p></td><td><p>At the position where the character appears in the document.</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>char</p></td><td><p>The character after the drawing shape element.</p></td><td><p>Just before the character.</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>frame</p></td><td><p>The parent text box that the current drawing shape element is contained in.</p></td><td><p>In the element representing the text box to which the drawing object is bound.</p><p>If an image is bound to a text box, the image element is located in the text box element.</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>The page that has the same physical page number as the value of the text:anchor-page-number 19.758 attribute that is attached to the drawing shape element. If no text:anchor-page-number attribute is given, the anchor position is the page at which the character behind the drawing object element appears.</p></td><td><p>Either</p><ul>
<li><p>At the start of the document body, outside any paragraph or frame, provided a text:anchor-page-number attribute is given.</p></li>
</ul><p>Or</p><ul>
<li><p>Inside any paragraph element that is not contained in a header, footer, footnote, or text box, if a text:anchor-page-number attribute is not given.</p></li>
</ul></td><td><p>The physical page number is the number assigned to the page if all pages in the document are counted starting with page 1.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td><p>The paragraph that the current drawing shape element is contained in.</p></td><td><p>At the start of the paragraph element.</p></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The text:anchor-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1.</p>
<p>The values of the text:anchor-type attribute are page, frame, paragraph, char or as-char.</p>
<h2>text:annote</h2>
<p>The text:annote attribute specifies the annotation for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:annote attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:annote attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:author</h2>
<p>The text:author attribute specifies the author or authors for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:author attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:author attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:bibliography-data-field</h2>
<p>The text:bibliography-data-field attribute specifies which part of a bibliography data field will be displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:bibliography-data-field attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>address: 19.756.</p></li>
<li><p>annote: 19.760.</p></li>
<li><p>author: 19.761.</p></li>
<li><p>bibliography-type: 19.763.</p></li>
<li><p>booktitle: 19.764.</p></li>
<li><p>chapter: 19.772.</p></li>
<li><p>custom1: 19.792.</p></li>
<li><p>custom2: 19.793.</p></li>
<li><p>custom3: 19.794.</p></li>
<li><p>custom4: 19.795.</p></li>
<li><p>custom5: 19.796.</p></li>
<li><p>edition: 19.806.</p></li>
<li><p>editor: 19.807.</p></li>
<li><p>howpublished: 19.813.</p></li>
<li><p>identifier: 19.816.</p></li>
<li><p>institution: 19.820.</p></li>
<li><p>isbn: 19.823.</p></li>
<li><p>issn: 19.824.</p></li>
<li><p>journal: 19.825.</p></li>
<li><p>month: 19.840.</p></li>
<li><p>note: 19.842.</p></li>
<li><p>number: 19.844.</p></li>
<li><p>organizations: 19.849.</p></li>
<li><p>pages: 19.852.</p></li>
<li><p>publisher: 19.858.</p></li>
<li><p>report-type: 19.862.</p></li>
<li><p>school: 19.866.</p></li>
<li><p>series: 19.868.</p></li>
<li><p>title: 19.888.</p></li>
<li><p>url: 19.890.</p></li>
<li><p>volume: 19.908.</p></li>
<li><p>year: 19.909.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:bibliography-data-field attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; 8.13.5.</p>
<p>The values of the text:bibliography-data-field attribute are address, annote, author, bibliography-type, booktitle, chapter, custom1, custom2, custom3, custom4, custom5, edition, editor, howpublished, identifier, institution, isbn, issn, journal, month, note, number, organizations, pages, publisher, report-type, school, series, title, url, volume or year.</p>
<h2>text:bibliography-type</h2>
<p>The text:bibliography-type attribute specifies to which type of bibliographical entry a template applies.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:bibliography-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>article: an article in a journal or magazine.</p></li>
<li><p>book: a book with a named publisher.</p></li>
<li><p>booklet: a work that is printed and bound, but without a named publisher or sponsoring institution.</p></li>
<li><p>conference: an article in conference proceedings.</p></li>
<li><p>custom1: the first of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic entry.</p></li>
<li><p>custom2: the second of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic entry.</p></li>
<li><p>custom3: the third of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic entry.</p></li>
<li><p>custom4: the fourth of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic entry.</p></li>
<li><p>custom5: the fifth of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic entry.</p></li>
<li><p>email: an email address.</p></li>
<li><p>inbook: a part of a book that can be identified.</p></li>
<li><p>incollection: a part of a book that has its own title.</p></li>
<li><p>inproceedings: a paper in conference proceedings.</p></li>
<li><p>journal: a journal name.</p></li>
<li><p>manual: technical documentation.</p></li>
<li><p>mastersthesis: a masters thesis.</p></li>
<li><p>misc: a type classification when more specific values are not appropriate.</p></li>
<li><p>phdthesis: a PhD thesis.</p></li>
<li><p>proceedings: the proceedings of a conference.</p></li>
<li><p>techreport: a report published by a school or other institution. </p></li>
<li><p>unpublished: a document with an author and title but not formally published.</p></li>
<li><p>www: the IRI for a document.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The definitions for article, book, booklet, inbook, incollection, inproceedings, journal, manual, mastersthesis, misc, phdthesis, proceedings, techreport, and unpublished are based on [BibTeXing]. </p>
<p>The text:bibliography-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3 and &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The values of the text:bibliography-type attribute are article, book, booklet, conference, custom1, custom2, custom3, custom4, custom5, email, inbook, incollection, inproceedings, journal, manual, mastersthesis, misc, phdthesis, proceedings, techreport, unpublished or www.</p>
<h2>text:booktitle</h2>
<p>The text:booktitle attribute specifies the book title for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:booktitle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:booktitle attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:bullet-char</h2>
<p>The text:bullet-char attribute specifies the [UNICODE] character to use as the bullet in a bulleted list style.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:bullet-char attribute are shown in Table 18:</p>
<p>Table 18 - Typical bullet characters</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>UNICODE Character Code</p></th><th><p>Typical Shape</p></th><th><p>UNICODE Character Name</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>U+2022</p></td><td><p>•</p></td><td><p>BULLET</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U+25CF</p></td><td><p>●</p></td><td><p>BLACK CIRCLE</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U+2714</p></td><td><p>✔</p></td><td><p>HEAVY CHECK MARK</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U+2717</p></td><td><p>✗</p></td><td><p>BALLOT X</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U+2794</p></td><td><p>➔</p></td><td><p>HEAVY WIDE-HEADED RIGHTWARDS ARROW</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U+27A2</p></td><td><p>➢</p></td><td><p>THREE-D TOP-LIGHTED RIGHTWARDS ARROWHEAD</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note: These characters need not be available in all fonts.</p>
<p>The text:bullet-char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33.</p>
<p>The text:bullet-char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<h2>text:bullet-relative-size</h2>
<p>The text:bullet-relative-size attribute specifies a percentage value for the bullet size relative to the font size of the paragraphs in the bullet list.</p>
<p>The text:bullet-relative-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33.</p>
<p>The text:bullet-relative-size attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>text:capitalize-entries</h2>
<p>The text:capitalize-entries attribute specifies whether the entries in an index are capitalized.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:capitalize-entries attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the case of entries in an index should not change. </p></li>
<li><p>true: the entries in an index should be capitalized. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:capitalize-entries attribute controls capitalization of index entries during the generation of indexes. Index entries may be entered in either upper or lower case, without regard to the text:capitalize-entries attribute. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:capitalize-entries attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The text:capitalize-entries attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:c</h2>
<p>The text:c attribute specifies the number of “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters that a &lt;text:s&gt; element represents. A missing text:c attribute is interpreted as a single “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character. </p>
<p>The text:c attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:s&gt; 6.1.3.</p>
<p>The text:c attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:caption-sequence-format</h2>
<p>The text:caption-sequence-format attribute specifies the format of entries for an index of illustrations or tables. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:caption-sequence-format attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>caption: text of the caption in which the referenced sequence field is included (without sequence number and value).</p></li>
<li><p>category-and-value: displays the name and value of the referenced sequence field. </p></li>
<li><p>text: displays the value of the referenced sequence field. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:caption-sequence-format attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2 and &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2.</p>
<p>The values of the text:caption-sequence-format attribute are text, category-and-value or caption.</p>
<h2>text:caption-sequence-name</h2>
<p>The text:caption-sequence-name attribute specifies the sequence by which captions are identified.</p>
<p>If the text:use-caption attribute is set to true, this attribute shall be present.</p>
<p>Note: Captions are regular paragraphs. For index generation, a paragraph is considered to be a caption if it contains the sequence variable with the name specified by the text:caption-sequence-name attribute.</p>
<p>The text:caption-sequence-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2 and &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2.</p>
<p>The text:caption-sequence-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:change-id</h2>
<p>The text:change-id attribute specifies the id that links &lt;text:change-start&gt;, &lt;text:change-end&gt;, and &lt;text:change&gt; elements to the &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element that contains change-tracking information. </p>
<p>The text:change-id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:change&gt; 5.5.8.4, &lt;text:change-end&gt; 5.5.8.3 and &lt;text:change-start&gt; 5.5.8.2.</p>
<p>The text:change-id attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:chapter</h2>
<p>The text:chapter attribute specifies the chapter reference for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:chapter attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:chapter attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:citation-body-style-name</h2>
<p>The text:citation-body-style-name attribute specifies the text style to use for a note citation in the text flow.</p>
<p>The text:citation-body-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<p>The text:citation-body-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>text:citation-style-name</h2>
<p>The text:citation-style-name attribute specifies the text style to use for a note citation within the footnote.</p>
<p>The text:citation-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<p>The text:citation-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>text:class-names</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>A text:class-names attribute specifies a white-space-separated list of style names. The referenced styles are applied in the order they are contained in the list. </p>
<p>If both text:style-name and text:class-names are present, the style referenced by the text:style-name attribute is applied before the styles referenced by text:class-names attribute. If a conditional style is specified together with a text:class-names attribute, but without a text:style-name attribute, the text:style-name 19.880 attribute is assumed to have the value of the first style name in the list defined by the text:class-name attribute. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<p>A text:class-names attribute specifies a white-space-separated list of paragraph style names.</p>
<p>The text:class-names attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:class-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:p&gt;</h3>
<p>A text:class-names attribute specifies a white-space-separated list of paragraph style names.</p>
<p>The text:class-names attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<p>The text:class-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:span&gt;</h3>
<p>A text:class-names attribute specifies a white-space-separated list of text style names.</p>
<p>The text:class-names attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The text:class-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<h2>text:column-name</h2>
<p>The text:column-name attribute specifies the name of the column from which data is displayed. The value of this attribute shall be a column name contained in the current selection as specified by the data source.</p>
<p>The text:column-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3.</p>
<p>The text:column-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:combine-entries</h2>
<p>The text:combine-entries attribute specifies whether multiple entries for a single word should be combined into a single entry.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:combine-entries attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: multiple entries for a single word should not be combined into a single entry. </p></li>
<li><p>true: multiple entries for a single word should be combined into a single entry. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The text:combine-entries attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The text:combine-entries attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:combine-entries-with-dash</h2>
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-dash attributes specifies that multiple entries for a single word that should be displayed as a single entry, as per a text:combine-entries attribute, should be displayed as a range of numbers separated by a dash.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:combine-entries-with-dash attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: multiple entries for a single word should not be displayed as a range of numbers separated by a dash. </p></li>
<li><p>true: multiple entries for a single word should be displayed as a range of numbers separated by a dash. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-dash attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-dash attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:combine-entries-with-pp</h2>
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-pp attributes specifies that multiple entries for a single word that should be displayed as a single entry, as per a text:combine-entries attribute, should be displayed as the start page number, followed by a &quot;ff&quot;, or the appropriate label for the chosen language.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: multiple entries for a single word should not be displayed as the start page number, followed by &quot;ff&quot;, or the appropriate label for the chosen language. </p></li>
<li><p>true: multiple entries for a single word should be displayed as the start page number, followed by &quot;ff&quot;, or the appropriate label for the chosen language. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-pp attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The text:combine-entries-with-pp attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:comma-separated</h2>
<p>The text:comma-separated attribute specifies how to treat multiple index entries. Instead of listing each index entry on a separate line, multiple entries can be listed on a single line separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). If the value of this attribute is true, multiple entries are listed on a single line separated by a comma. By default, the value of this attribute is false and each index entry is displayed on a separate line.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:comma-separated attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: each index entry for a word is displayed on a separate line. </p></li>
<li><p>true: each index entry for a word is listed on a single line separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:comma-separated attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The text:comma-separated attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:cond-style-name</h2>
<p>The text:cond-style-name attribute specifies a conditional-style, that is, a style that contains conditions and maps to other styles. 16.3 The style referenced shall be a paragraph style. </p>
<p>If a conditional style is applied to a paragraph, the text:style-name attribute should contain the name of the style that was the result of the conditional style evaluation, while the conditional style name itself is the value of the text:cond-style-name attribute. The referenced style can be a common style or an automatic style. </p>
<p>The text:cond-style-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<p>The text:cond-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>text:condition</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies a condition. Conditions do not have a predefined syntax, but the attribute value should begin with a namespace prefix, followed by a &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON) separator, followed by the text of a formula. The namespace bound to the prefix determines the syntax and semantics of the formula. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies the condition that determines which of the two text strings of an &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; text field is displayed.</p>
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3.</p>
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies a condition expression. The expression is evaluated and if the result interpreted as a Boolean value is true, the next row is used as the new current row. </p>
<p>If the &lt;text:database-next&gt; element has no text:condition attribute, the next available row is selected. </p>
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4.</p>
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies a condition for selecting a row. If the attribute is present, a new row will be selected only if the condition evaluates to a value interpreted as true.</p>
<p>If a &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; element has no text:condition attribute, the next row is selected.</p>
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies a Boolean expression. If the expression evaluates to true, the paragraph is hidden. If the expression evaluates to false, the paragraph is displayed. </p>
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11.</p>
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies a Boolean expression. If the expression evaluates to true, the text is hidden. If the expression evaluates to false, the text is displayed. </p>
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4.</p>
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies the condition under which a section is hidden. The condition is encoded as a string. If the value of text:display 19.802 is condition, the text:condition attribute shall be present.</p>
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The text:condition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:connection-name</h2>
<p>The text:connection-name attribute specifies the name of the DDE connection to which a field refers.</p>
<p>The text:connection-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:dde-connection&gt; 7.7.12.</p>
<p>The text:connection-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:consecutive-numbering</h2>
<p>The text:consecutive-numbering attribute specifies whether the style uses consecutive numbering for all list levels or whether each list level restarts the numbering.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:consecutive-numbering attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: each list level restarts numbering. </p></li>
<li><p>true: consecutive numbering is used for all list levels. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:consecutive-numbering attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-style&gt; 16.32.</p>
<p>The text:consecutive-numbering attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:continue-list</h2>
<p>The text:continue-list attribute specifies the xml:id 19.920 value of a list that is to be continued.</p>
<p>The text:continue-list attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1.</p>
<p>The text:continue-list attribute has the data type IDREF 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:continue-numbering</h2>
<p>The text:continue-numbering attribute specifies, if the numbering of the preceding list is continued or not. This attribute is ignored, if attribute text:continue-list 19.785 is present. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:continue-numbering attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>true: if text:continue-list attribute is not present and the numbering style of the preceding list is the same as the current list, the number of the first list item in the current list is the number of the last item in the preceding list incremented by one. </p></li>
<li><p>false: if the text:continue-list attribute is not present, the numbering of the preceding list is not continued.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The use of the text:continue-numbering attribute with the &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; element has been deprecated.</p>
<p>The text:continue-numbering attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 and &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6.</p>
<p>The text:continue-numbering attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:copy-outline-levels</h2>
<p>The text:copy-outline-levels attribute specifies whether index entries are indented according to the outline level of their source. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:copy-outline-levels attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: no indentation is added.</p></li>
<li><p>true: index entries are indented according to the outline level of their source. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:copy-outline-levels attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The text:copy-outline-levels attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:count-empty-lines</h2>
<p>The text:count-empty-lines attribute specifies whether empty lines are included in the line count. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:count-empty-lines attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: empty lines are not included in a line count.</p></li>
<li><p>true: empty lines are included in a line count.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The text:count-empty-lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<p>The text:count-empty-lines attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:count-in-text-boxes</h2>
<p>The text:count-in-text-boxes attribute specifies whether text in text boxes is included in the line count. If the value of this attribute is true, text within text boxes is included in the line count.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:count-in-text-boxes attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text within text boxes is not included in a line count.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text within text boxes is included in a line count.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:count-in-text-boxes attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<p>The text:count-in-text-boxes attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:current-selected</h2>
<p>The text:current-selected attribute specifies whether a &lt;text:label&gt; 7.4.17 element is currently selected.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:current-selected attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the &lt;text:label&gt; element is not currently selected.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the &lt;text:label&gt; element is currently selected.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:current-selected attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:label&gt; 7.4.17.</p>
<p>The text:current-selected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:current-value</h2>
<p>The text:current-value attribute specifies the evaluation result of a condition given by the expression in a text:condition 19.782 attribute.  The value of this attribute is updated whenever the expression is evaluated.</p>
<p>The text:current-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3.</p>
<p>The text:current-value attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:custom1</h2>
<p>The text:custom1 attribute specifies the first of up to five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:custom1 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:custom1 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:custom2</h2>
<p>The text:custom2 attribute specifies the second of up to five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:custom2 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:custom2 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:custom3</h2>
<p>The text:custom3 attribute specifies the third of up to five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:custom3 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:custom3 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:custom4</h2>
<p>The text:custom4 attribute specifies the fourth of up to five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:custom4 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:custom4 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:custom5</h2>
<p>The text:custom5 attribute specifies the fifth of up to five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:custom5 attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:custom5 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:database-name</h2>
<p>The text:database-name attribute specifies a source database by its name.</p>
<p>The text:database-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6 and &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<p>The text:database-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:date-adjust</h2>
<p>The text:date-adjust attribute specifies an adjustment to the value of a date field. If the time period is negative, it is subtracted from the value of the date field.</p>
<p>The text:date-adjust attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2.</p>
<p>The text:date-adjust attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:date-value</h2>
<p>The text:date-value attribute specifies a date value. If no value is specified, whether the field is marked as fixed or not, the current date is assumed.</p>
<p>Note: This attribute can also be used to specify a future date. </p>
<p>The text:date-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16 and &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8.</p>
<p>The text:date-value attribute has the data type dateOrDateTime 18.3.14.</p>
<h2>text:default-style-name</h2>
<p>The text:default-style-name attribute specifies a default footnote paragraph style for new footnotes that are inserted into a document. It is not evaluated for footnotes that already exist.</p>
<p>The text:default-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<p>The text:default-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>text:description</h2>
<p>The text:description attribute specifies a message that is displayed when users are prompted for input. </p>
<p>The text:description attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2, &lt;text:text-input&gt; 7.4.15, &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10 and &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6.</p>
<p>The text:description attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:display</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies options for the display of text. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies the information that a chapter field should display. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>name: name of a chapter.</p></li>
<li><p>number: number of a chapter.</p></li>
<li><p>number-and-name: name and number of a chapter.</p></li>
<li><p>plain-number: number of a chapter without text defined by style:num-prefix 19.506 and style:num-suffix 19.507, both of which are attributes on the &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element that defines the format for a chapter number.16.37.</p></li>
<li><p>plain-number-and-name: name of a chapter with the number of the same chapter without text defined by style:num-prefix 19.506 and style:num-suffix 19.507, both of which are attributes on the &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element that defines the format for a chapter number.16.37.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are name, number, number-and-name, plain-number-and-name or plain-number.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:expression&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for an expression. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>formula: displays the formula instead of the value of a field.</p></li>
<li><p>value: displays the value of a field.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value or formula.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies how much of the file name and path to display. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>full: full file name, extension and file path.</p></li>
<li><p>path: file path only.</p></li>
<li><p>name: file name without extension.</p></li>
<li><p>name-and-extension: file name and extension. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The filename may be an IRI, either because an IRI has been used to retrieve the file, or the consumer internally uses IRIs and therefore converts system-specific paths into an IRI. If this is the case, and if the path, the name or the extension cannot be evaluated from the IRI, then the IRI should be displayed unmodified.</p>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are full, path, name or name-and-extension.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a chapter field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>name: name of a chapter.</p></li>
<li><p>number: number of a chapter.</p></li>
<li><p>number-and-name: name and number of a chapter.</p></li>
<li><p>plain-number: number of a chapter without text defined by style:num-prefix 19.506 and style:num-suffix 19.507, both of which are attributes on the &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element that defines the format for a chapter number.16.37.</p></li>
<li><p>plain-number-and-name: name of a chapter with the number of the same chapter without text defined by style:num-prefix 19.506 and style:num-suffix 19.507, both of which are attributes on the &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; element that defines the format for a chapter number.16.37.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1 element the default value for this attribute is number.</p>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are name, number, number-and-name, plain-number or plain-number-and-name.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies whether the section is hidden. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>condition: the section is hidden or displayed according to the condition specified by the text:condition 19.782 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>none: the section is hidden unconditionally.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the section is displayed. This is the default setting.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are true, none or condition.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a table formula field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>formula: the formula used to calculate the value of the field.</p></li>
<li><p>value: the value of the field.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value or formula.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display about a document template.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>area: The category of the template. Assignments of categories to templates is implementation-dependent. </p></li>
<li><p>full: full file name, extension and file path.</p></li>
<li><p>name: file name only.</p></li>
<li><p>name-and-extension: file name and extension. </p></li>
<li><p>path: file path only.</p></li>
<li><p>title: The title.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:template-name&gt; 7.3.10.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are full, path, name, name-and-extension, area or title.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a user field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>formula: displays the formula instead of the value of a field.</p></li>
<li><p>none: hides the content of a field.</p></li>
<li><p>value: displays the value of a field.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value, formula or none.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a variable-get field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>formula: displays the formula instead of the value of a field.</p></li>
<li><p>value: displays the value of a field.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value or formula.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a variable-input field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: hides the content of a field.</p></li>
<li><p>value: displays the value of a field.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value or none.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies what information to display for a variable-set field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: hides the content of a field.</p></li>
<li><p>value: displays the value of a field.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<p>The values of the text:display attribute are value or none.</p>
<h2>text:display-levels</h2>
<p>The text:display-levels attribute specifies the number of levels whose numbers are displayed at the current level.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The text:display-levels attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<p>The text:display-levels attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:display-outline-level</h2>
<p>The text:display-outline-level attribute specifies the numbering of a sequence by chapter. This attribute specifies an outline level that determines which chapters to reference for the chapter-specific numbering. All chapters that are at or below the specified outline level reset the value of the sequence to zero, the default value. The chapter number of the last chapter at or below the specified outline level is prefixed to the sequence number. Choosing an outline level of zero results in a continuous numbering of all sequence elements for that sequence variable.</p>
<p>The text:display-outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12.</p>
<p>The text:display-outline-level attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:duration</h2>
<p>The text:duration attribute contains the value of a &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; field element if its value is fixed.</p>
<p>The text:duration attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14.</p>
<p>The text:duration attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:edition</h2>
<p>The text:edition attribute specifies the edition for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:edition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:edition attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:editor</h2>
<p>The text:editor attribute specifies the editor for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:editor attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:editor attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:filter-name</h2>
<p>The text:filter-name attribute specifies the filter type to be used to import the link target. The value of this attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The text:filter-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2.</p>
<p>The text:filter-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:fixed</h2>
<p>The text:fixed attribute specifies whether the value of a field element is fixed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:fixed attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: value of the field element where this attribute appears may be changed. </p></li>
<li><p>true: value of the field element where this attribute appears is preserved.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:fixed attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:author-initials&gt; 7.3.7.2, &lt;text:author-name&gt; 7.3.7.1, &lt;text:creation-date&gt; 7.5.3, &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:creator&gt; 7.5.17, &lt;text:date&gt; 7.3.2, &lt;text:description&gt; 7.5.5, &lt;text:editing-cycles&gt; 7.5.13, &lt;text:editing-duration&gt; 7.5.14, &lt;text:file-name&gt; 7.3.9, &lt;text:initial-creator&gt; 7.5.2, &lt;text:keywords&gt; 7.5.12, &lt;text:modification-date&gt; 7.5.16, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4, &lt;text:print-date&gt; 7.5.8, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7, &lt;text:printed-by&gt; 7.5.9, &lt;text:sender-city&gt; 7.3.6.13, &lt;text:sender-company&gt; 7.3.6.10, &lt;text:sender-country&gt; 7.3.6.15, &lt;text:sender-email&gt; 7.3.6.7, &lt;text:sender-fax&gt; 7.3.6.9, &lt;text:sender-firstname&gt; 7.3.6.2, &lt;text:sender-initials&gt; 7.3.6.4, &lt;text:sender-lastname&gt; 7.3.6.3, &lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt; 7.3.6.8, &lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt; 7.3.6.11, &lt;text:sender-position&gt; 7.3.6.6, &lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt; 7.3.6.14, &lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt; 7.3.6.16, &lt;text:sender-street&gt; 7.3.6.12, &lt;text:sender-title&gt; 7.3.6.5, &lt;text:subject&gt; 7.5.11, &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3, &lt;text:title&gt; 7.5.10 and &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6.</p>
<p>The text:fixed attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:footnotes-position</h2>
<p>The text:footnotes-position attribute specifies a position for a footnote. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:footnotes-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>document: end of the document.</p></li>
<li><p>page: bottom of the page where the footnote citation is located.</p></li>
<li><p>section: end of the section.</p></li>
<li><p>text: at the page where the footnote citation is located, immediately below the page&#039;s text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:footnotes-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<p>The values of the text:footnotes-position attribute are text, page, section or document.</p>
<h2>text:formula</h2>
<p>The text:formula attribute specifies the formula or expression used to compute the value of a field. </p>
<p>The attribute value should begin with a namespace prefix followed by &quot;:&quot; (U+003A, COLON) followed by the text of the formula. The namespace bound to the prefix determines the syntax and semantics of the formula. </p>
<p>The text:formula attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14, &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13, &lt;text:table-formula&gt; 7.7.14, &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 and &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<p>The text:formula attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:global (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The text:global attribute specifies whether the user interface of a consumer should consider the documents to which linked text sections are linked as individually editable parts of the document.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:global attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the user interface need not make a distinction between linked text sections and non-linked text sections.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the user interface considers the content of linked text sections as parts of the document which may be edited by editing the documents to which the linked text sections are linked.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:global attribute is deprecated in favor of the application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master MIME type. Using this MIME type for a document has the same effect as the value true for a text:global attribute.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:global attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<p>The text:global attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:howpublished</h2>
<p>The text:howpublished attribute specifies the publication type for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:howpublished attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:howpublished attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:increment</h2>
<p>The text:increment attribute causes line numbers to be numbered as multiples of a specified increment.</p>
<p>The text:increment attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1 and &lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt; 16.31.2.</p>
<p>The text:increment attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:id</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies an identifier or a name for an element.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:text-box&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies an identifier for for a text box. </p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a text:id attribute if it occurs on a &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element with an xml:id attribute value. </p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write text:id attributes for &lt;draw:text-box&gt; elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<p> The value of a text:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same &lt;draw:text-box&gt; element. </p>
<p>The text:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; </h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a name by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the text:id attribute shall be unique except for a matching &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8 element.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a name by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the text:id attribute shall be unique except for a matching &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.9 element.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:changed-region&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies the an identifier for achanged region.</p>
<p>The ID value is used in text:change-id 19.771 IDREF values to refer to a particular &lt;text:changed-region&gt; element.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a text:id attribute if it occurs on an element with an xml:id attribute value.</p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write text:id attributes for elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<p>The value of a text:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same element.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies an identifier for a heading.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a text:id attribute if it occurs on an element with an xml:id attribute value.</p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write text:id attributes for elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<p>The value of a text:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same element.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:note&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies specifies a name by which notes can be referenced from &lt;text:note-ref&gt; elements. See 7.7.7.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:p&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies an identifier for a paragraph.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a text:id attribute if it occurs on a &lt;text:p&gt; element with an xml:id attribute value. If there is no xml:id attribute value, then a text:id attribute should be processed as it were an xml:id attribute. </p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write text:id attributes for &lt;text:p&gt; elements in addition to an xml:id attribute.</p>
<p>A &lt;text:p&gt; element shall not have an text:id attribute if it has no xml:id attribute value. The value of a text:id attribute shall equal the value of an xml:id attribute on the same &lt;text:p&gt; element. </p>
<p>The text:id attribute is deprecated in favor of xml:id. 19.920</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a name by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the text:id attribute shall be unique except for a matching &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2 element.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a name by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the text:id attribute shall be unique except for a matching &lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; 8.1.3 element.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a string by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The string shall be unique except for matching its corresponding &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5 element.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:id attribute specifies a string by which start- and end-mark elements are connected to each other. The string shall be unique except for matching its corresponding &lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; 8.1.6 element.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5.</p>
<p>The text:id attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:identifier</h2>
<p>The text:identifier attribute specifies an identifier for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:identifier attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:identifier attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:index-name</h2>
<p>The text:index-name attribute specifies the name of a user-defined index.</p>
<p>Note: In order to support multiple user-defined indexes with different contents, user index marks have a text:index-name attribute. The same attribute can be used with a &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; element to specify which index marks apply to the current index.</p>
<p>The text:index-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7, &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The text:index-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:index-scope</h2>
<p>The text:index-scope attribute specifies whether an index is constructed for an entire document or for a chapter.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:index-scope attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>chapter: the index is constructed for the chapter that contains the index. A chapter consists of all those paragraphs and headings which have the same immediately preceding heading with outline level 1. </p></li>
<li><p>document: the index is constructed for the entire document. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is document. </p>
<p>For &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2 elements the default value for this attribute is document.</p>
<p>The text:index-scope attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2, &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The values of the text:index-scope attribute are document or chapter.</p>
<h2>text:ignore-case</h2>
<p>The text:ignore-case attribute specifies whether the capitalization of words is ignored. If the value is true, the capitalization is ignored and entries that are identical except for character case are listed as the same entries. If the value is false, the capitalization of words is not ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:ignore-case attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: index entries that are identical except for character case should be listed as the same entries.</p></li>
<li><p>true: index entries that are identical but differ in character case should not be listed as separate entries.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:ignore-case attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The text:ignore-case attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:institution</h2>
<p>The text:institution attribute specifies an institution for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:institution attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:institution attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:is-hidden</h2>
<p>The text:is-hidden attribute specifies whether a field or paragraph is currently visible.</p>
<p>Note: The value of this attribute is overwritten with a new value as soon as the consumer evaluates the expression. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:is-hidden attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: condition for display has evaluated to false, field or paragraph is visible.</p></li>
<li><p>true: condition for display has evaluated to true, field or paragraph is not visible.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:is-hidden attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt; 7.7.11 and &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4.</p>
<p>The text:is-hidden attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:is-list-header</h2>
<p>The text:is-list-header attribute specifies the appearance of a specific heading without numbering. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:is-list-header attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: heading will be numbered.</p></li>
<li><p>true: heading will be not numbered, even if the header has a list-style..</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:is-list-header attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:is-list-header attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:isbn</h2>
<p>The text:isbn attribute specifies an ISBN for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:isbn attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:isbn attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:issn</h2>
<p>The text:issn attribute specifies an ISSN for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:issn attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:issn attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:journal</h2>
<p>The text:journal attribute specifies a journal for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:journal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:journal attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:key</h2>
<p>The text:key attribute specifies a type for the index entries that should be used for sorting. See 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:key attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>address: 19.756.</p></li>
<li><p>annote: 19.760.</p></li>
<li><p>author: 19.761.</p></li>
<li><p>bibliography-type: 19.763.</p></li>
<li><p>booktitle: 19.764.</p></li>
<li><p>chapter: 19.772.</p></li>
<li><p>custom1: 19.792.</p></li>
<li><p>custom2: 19.793.</p></li>
<li><p>custom3: 19.794.</p></li>
<li><p>custom4: 19.795.</p></li>
<li><p>custom5: 19.796.</p></li>
<li><p>edition: 19.806.</p></li>
<li><p>editor: 19.807.</p></li>
<li><p>howpublished: 19.813.</p></li>
<li><p>identifier: 19.816.</p></li>
<li><p>institution: 19.820.</p></li>
<li><p>isbn: 19.823.</p></li>
<li><p>issn: 19.824.</p></li>
<li><p>journal: 19.825.</p></li>
<li><p>month: 19.840.</p></li>
<li><p>note: 19.842.</p></li>
<li><p>number: 19.844.</p></li>
<li><p>organizations: 19.849.</p></li>
<li><p>pages: 19.852.</p></li>
<li><p>publisher: 19.858.</p></li>
<li><p>report-type: 19.862.</p></li>
<li><p>school: 19.866.</p></li>
<li><p>series: 19.868.</p></li>
<li><p>title: 19.888.</p></li>
<li><p>url: 19.890.</p></li>
<li><p>volume: 19.908.</p></li>
<li><p>year: 19.909.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:key attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sort-key&gt; 16.31.7.</p>
<p>The values of the text:key attribute are address, annote, author, bibliography-type, booktitle, chapter, custom1, custom2, custom3, custom4, custom5, edition, editor, howpublished, identifier, institution, isbn, issn, journal, month, note, number, organizations, pages, publisher, report-type, school, series, title, url, volume or year.</p>
<h2>text:key1</h2>
<p>The text:key1 attribute specifies an additional key for an alphabetical index mark. If only one key is used, it shall be contained in a text:key1 attribute.</p>
<p>The text:key1 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<p>The text:key1 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:key2</h2>
<p>The text:key2 attribute specifies an additional key for an alphabetical index mark.</p>
<p>The text:key2 attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<p>The text:key2 attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:key1-phonetic</h2>
<p>The text:key1-phonetic attribute specifies a phonetic key for &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; elements. Phonetic keys should be used for sorting. </p>
<p>The text:key1-phonetic attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<p>The text:key1-phonetic attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:key2-phonetic</h2>
<p>The text:key2-phonetic attribute specifies an additional phonetic key for &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; elements. </p>
<p>The text:key2-phonetic attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<p>The text:key2-phonetic attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:kind</h2>
<p>The text:kind attribute specifies which part of a measure is displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:kind attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>gap: Adds space to text if the measure text&#039;s writing direction is perpendicular to the measure line. </p></li>
<li><p>unit: The measure&#039;s unit is displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>value: The measure&#039;s value is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The purpose of the gap value is add space between the measure line and the text if the text is displayed perpendicular to the measure line.</p>
<p>The text:kind attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:measure&gt; 7.7.13.</p>
<p>The values of the text:kind attribute are value, unit or gap.</p>
<h2>text:label</h2>
<p>The text:label attribute specifies a label for user -nserted notes in a document. If this attribute is omitted, the element content is used. </p>
<p>The text:label attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:note-citation&gt; 6.3.3.</p>
<p>The text:label attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:label-followed-by</h2>
<p>The text:label-followed-by attribute specifies a character that is inserted following a list label. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:label-followed-by attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>listtab: a tab character is inserted after a list label before the text starts.</p></li>
<li><p>nothing: text starts directly after a list label.</p></li>
<li><p>space: a “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character is inserted after a list label before the text starts.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:label-followed-by attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<p>The values of the text:label-followed-by attribute are listtab, space or nothing.</p>
<h2>text:level</h2>
<p>The text:level attribute specifies the level of an outline or number list style.</p>
<p>For a &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The text:level attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35, &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 and &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<p>The text:level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:list-id (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The text:list-id attribute is deprecated, because only the deprecated element &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; uses it.</p>
<p>The text:list-id attribute specifies an id that is used to group numbered paragraphs form a list. All numbered paragraphs with the same text:list-id value belong to one list. This list defines the counter domain for the numbered paragraphs. In this context, a list is defined as a number of list items, spanning multiple levels. As with lists in &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1 representation the list style of the first numbered paragraph at every list level is used for the start value.</p>
<p>The text:list-id attribute did not exist in OpenDocument v1.0 and v1.1. For such text documents which do not contain the text:list-id attribute the following rules are applied to form a list from a group of numbered paragraphs:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A series of numbered paragraphs each using the same list style belong to the same list.</p></li>
<li><p>A numbered paragraph that does not have a text:list-id gets the text:list-id of the last numbered paragraph on the same list level using the same list style. If the previous numbered-paragraph has a different list style, then a new list is started.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:list-id attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6.</p>
<p>The text:list-id attribute has the data type NCName 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:list-tab-stop-position</h2>
<p>The text:list-tab-stop-position attribute specifies an additional tab stop which is inserted into the list of tab stops that are defined for a list item. By default the tab stop&#039;s position is following the list label. The text of the first line of list item starts at this tab stop. In left-to-right layout environments this tab stop is interpreted as a left tab. While in right-to-left layout environments it is interpreted as a right tab.</p>
<p>The text:list-tab-stop-position attribute is ignored unless the text:label-followed-by attribute has the value listtab. </p>
<p>There are two cases in which this additional tab stop does not specify the start the of the text of the first line of the list item:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The position of the additional tab stop is before the end of the list label.</p></li>
<li><p>Between the end of the list label and the position of the additional tab stop exists already a tab stop.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>In these cases, the tab character that is inserted following the list label advances to the next tab stop, or a default tab stop if none exists. However, other tab stops contained in the list item&#039;s text may advance to the additional list tab stop. The additional tab stop is further applied to the full text of tab stop, that is, not only the first line.</p>
<p>The text:list-tab-stop-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<p>The text:list-tab-stop-position attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>text:main-entry</h2>
<p>The text:main-entry attribute specifies which of multiple index marks for the same entry is the main entry.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:main-entry attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: no index mark is specified as the main entry from multiple index marks for the same entry.</p></li>
<li><p>true: one index mark out of multiple index marks for the same entry is specified as the main entry.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:main-entry attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<p>The text:main-entry attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:main-entry-style-name</h2>
<p>The text:main-entry-style-name attribute specifies the character style to use for main entries. Sub entries are formatted using the default character style determined by the paragraph style of the entries.</p>
<p>The text:main-entry-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The text:main-entry-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>text:master-page-name</h2>
<p>The text:master-page-name attribute specifies the name of a master page.</p>
<p>For &lt;text:page&gt; elements 5.2.2, the attribute specifies the name of the master page which is used to format the page.</p>
<p>For &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; elements 16.31.3, the attributes specifies the master page which is used to format the pages on which the notes are displayed.</p>
<p>The text:master-page-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3 and &lt;text:page&gt; 5.2.2.</p>
<p>The text:master-page-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>text:month</h2>
<p>The text:month attribute specifies a month for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:month attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:month attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for an alphabetical index.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a bibliography.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name for a bookmark.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name that shall match the text:name attribute on only one &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3 element in a document.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name that shall match the text:name attribute on only one &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; 6.2.1.4 element in a document.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a drop-down list input field.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a macro to invoke when a field is activated. </p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:execute-macro&gt; 7.7.10.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for an illustration index.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for an index title.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for an object index.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for reference elements.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name that shall match the text:name attribute on only one &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3 element in a document.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a name that shall match the text:name attribute on only one &lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; 6.2.2.4 element in a document.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a section.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies name of a variable to display. It shall match the name of a sequence variable already declared by a preceding &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12 element. </p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name of a variable to be declared. </p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; element. </p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a table index.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<p> The text:name attribute specifies a name that corresponds to the value of a meta:name attribute on a &lt;meta:user-defined&gt; element. </p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-defined&gt; 7.5.6.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a user-defined field declaration. </p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies the name of a user-defined field that shall be declared already by a preceding &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 element.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-get&gt; 7.4.9.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies the name of a user-defined field that shall be declared already by a preceding &lt;text:user-field-decl&gt; 7.4.8 element.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-field-input&gt; 7.4.10.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a user-specified index.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a variable name that shall match a variable name already declared by a preceding &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3 element.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-set&gt; 7.4.4.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt; </h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a unique name for a variable declaration. </p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a variable name that shall match a preceding &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3 element.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-get&gt; 7.4.5.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:name attribute specifies a variable name that shall match the name of variable already declared by a preceding &lt;text:variable-decl&gt; 7.4.3 element.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:variable-input&gt; 7.4.6.</p>
<p>The text:name attribute has the data type variableName 18.3.39.</p>
<h2>text:note</h2>
<p>The text:note attribute specifies a note for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:note attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:note attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:note-class</h2>
<p>The text:note-class attribute specifies the class of a note. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:note-class attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>endnote: note appears at the end of a chapter or document. </p></li>
<li><p>footnote: note appears at the footer of a page.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:note-class attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:note&gt; 6.3.2, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7 and &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<p>The values of the text:note-class attribute are footnote or endnote.</p>
<h2>text:number</h2>
<p>The text:number attribute specifies a number for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:number attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:number-lines</h2>
<p>The text:number-lines attribute specifies whether lines are numbered.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:number-lines attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: lines are not numbered.</p></li>
<li><p>true: lines are numbered.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1 element the default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The text:number-lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<p>The text:number-lines attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:number-position</h2>
<p>The text:number-position attribute specifies in which margin of a page line numbers appear. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:number-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>inner: line numbers appear on the inner margin of a page.</p></li>
<li><p>left: line numbers appear on the left margin of a page.</p></li>
<li><p>outer: line numbers appear on the outer margin of a page.</p></li>
<li><p>right: line numbers appear on the right margin of a page</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is left.</p>
<p>The text:number-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<p>The values of the text:number-position attribute are left, right, inner or outer.</p>
<h2>text:numbered-entries</h2>
<p>The text:numbered-entries attribute specifies whether a number is displayed for bibliography entries instead of their short name.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:numbered-entries attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: short names for bibliographic entries displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: number displayed for bibliographic entries.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:numbered-entries attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<p>The text:numbered-entries attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:offset</h2>
<p>The text:offset attribute specifies the distance between a line number and the margin.</p>
<p>The text:offset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<p>The text:offset attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>text:organizations</h2>
<p>The text:organizations attribute specifies one or more organizations for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:organizations attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:organizations attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:outline-level</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies the level to which a template applies.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:outline-level attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>1: index mark with only text but no keys assigned is assigned to level one.</p></li>
<li><p>2: index mark with text and one key, key is assigned to level one and index mark value is assigned to level two.</p></li>
<li><p>3: index mark with two keys, first key is assigned to level one, second key is assigned to level two, and the index mark value is assigned to level three.</p></li>
<li><p>separator: the template defines an alphabetical separator. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4.</p>
<p>The values of the text:outline-level attribute are 1, 2, 3 or separator.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level to use. The &lt;text:chapter&gt; element displays a chapter number or title up to the specified outline level.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:chapter&gt; 7.3.8.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies the level of a heading, starting with 1. Headings without a level attribute are assumed to be at level 1.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for an index entry.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for an index entry.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; 8.10.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for an index entry.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies to which outline level an entry configuration applies. Outline levels shall be unique for the template elements in one index source.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; </h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies which outline levels are used when generating a table of contents. The value of this attribute shall be an integer greater than zero. If this attribute is omitted, all outline levels are used by default.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for a table of contents index entry.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; </h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for a table of contents index entry.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; 8.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies the template applied to entries at a specified outline level in a user-defined index. All &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; elements that are contained in the same parent element shall specify different outline levels.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute specifies an outline level for a user index entry.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.5.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:page-adjust</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute specifies an adjustment to page numbering. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute specifies an adjustment of the value of a page number field, to display of page numbers of following or preceding pages. The specified value is added to the current page number. If a page with the resulting page number does not exist, no number is displayed.</p>
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4.</p>
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute specifies a page adjustment. The value of an active page variable is the current page number plus any page adjustment value immediately prior to the occurrence of this variable in document order.</p>
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-variable-set&gt; 7.7.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:page-adjust attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:pages</h2>
<p>The text:pages attribute specifies the page number or page numbers for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:pages attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:pages attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:placeholder-type</h2>
<p>The text:placeholder-type attribute specifies the content type of a placeholder. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:placeholder-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>image: placeholder can be replaced by an image.</p></li>
<li><p>object: placeholder can be replaced by an object.</p></li>
<li><p>table: placeholder can be replaced by a table.</p></li>
<li><p>text: placeholder can be replaced by text.</p></li>
<li><p>text-box: placeholder can be replaced by a text-box.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:placeholder-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:placeholder&gt; 7.7.2.</p>
<p>The values of the text:placeholder-type attribute are text, table, text-box, image or object.</p>
<h2>text:prefix</h2>
<p>The text:prefix attribute specifies a string that is displayed before a bibliography entry&#039;s short name or number if it occurs outside the bibliography. </p>
<p>The text:prefix attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<p>The text:prefix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:protected</h2>
<p>The text:protected attribute specifies whether a section is protected. A section can be protected, which means that a user cannot edit the section. The protection is enforced by the user interface only.</p>
<p>Note: If the section is protected and the text:protection-key 19.856 attribute is present, an authorization is required for resetting the protection to enable editing. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:protected attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: section is not protected from editing.</p></li>
<li><p>true: section is protected from editing.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:protected attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<p>The text:protected attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:protection-key</h2>
<p>The text:protection-key attribute, when present, specifies that an authorization is required for removing the protection of a section. The authentication procedure is identified by the text:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute 19.857 The attribute value is binary data that may be used by the authentication procedure. </p>
<p>The password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8 encoding. </p>
<p>The text:protection-key attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<p>The text:protection-key attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</h2>
<p>The text:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute value is an IRI that identifies an authentication procedure for removing a protection.</p>
<p>If the IRI identifies a message-digest algorithm specified in §5.7 of [xmlenc-core], the value of text:protection-key 19.856 attribute shall be the hash value of the password that is required to authorize removal of the protection. The password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8 encoding.</p>
<p>Any other procedures, their identifying IRIs, and their application of text:protection-key values are implementation-defined. </p>
<p>Consumers shall support http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1<a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1,">,</a> which is the default, and http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. They may support other algorithms described in §5.7 of [xmlenc-core] or alternative procedures. Producers should use http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1.</p>
<p>The text:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<p>The text:protection-key-digest-algorithm attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h2>text:publisher</h2>
<p>The text:publisher attribute specifies a publisher for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:publisher attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:publisher attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:ref-name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute specifies a name that is used as a reference. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute references a &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2 or &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3 element by the value of that element&#039;s text:name 6.2.1.3 attribute. </p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6.</p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute references a &lt;text:note&gt; 19.842 element by the value of that element&#039;s text:id 19.815 attribute. </p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7.</p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute references a &lt;text:reference-mark&gt; 6.2.2.2 or &lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; 6.2.2.3 element by the value of that element&#039;s text:name 19.841 attribute. </p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute identifies the element referenced by this reference field element. </p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5.</p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute specifies the name for a sequence field that is the target of a reference field. No two sequence fields can have the same reference name.</p>
<p>If a sequence field is not the target of a reference, this attribute can be omitted.</p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13.</p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute references a &lt;text:sequence&gt; 7.4.13 element by the value of that element&#039;s text:ref-name 7.4.13 attribute. </p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8.</p>
<p>The text:ref-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:reference-format</h2>
<p>The text:reference-format attribute specifies what information about a reference is displayed. If the reference format is not specified, the page format is used as the default.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:reference-format attribute supported by all reference fields are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>chapter: displays the number of the chapter in which the referenced item appears.</p></li>
<li><p>direction: displays whether the referenced item is above or below the reference field.</p></li>
<li><p>page: displays the number of the page on which the referenced item appears.</p></li>
<li><p>text: displays the text of the referenced item.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Additional defined values for the text:reference-format attribute supported by references to sequence fields are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>caption: displays the caption in which the sequence is used.</p></li>
<li><p>category-and-value: displays the name and value of the sequence.</p></li>
<li><p>value: displays the value of the sequence.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>References to bookmarks and other references support additional values, which display the <em>list label</em> of the referenced item. If the referenced item is contained in a list or a numbered paragraph, the list label is the formatted number of the paragraph which contains the referenced item. If the referenced item is not contained in a list or numbered paragraph, the list label is empty, and the referenced field therefore displays nothing. If the referenced bookmark or reference contains more than one paragraph, the list label of the paragraph at which the bookmark or reference starts is taken.</p>
<p>Additional defined values for the text:reference-format attribute supported by all references to bookmarks or other reference fields are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>number: displays the list label of the referenced item. The list position of the referenced item plus all of its superior list levels are its reference.</p></li>
<li><p>number-all-superior: displays the list label of the referenced item and is prefixed by the list labels of all superior list levels.</p>
<p>The list label of the referenced item may already contain numbers of superior levels. If this is the case, and if <em>n</em> is the level of the most superior level contained in the list label, then no list label content of superior levels smaller or equal than <em>n</em> are added.</p></li>
<li><p>number-no-superior: displays the contents of the list label of the referenced item.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:reference-format attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6, &lt;text:note-ref&gt; 7.7.7, &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5 and &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8.</p>
<p>For &lt;text:reference-ref&gt; 7.7.5 elements, the values of the text:reference-format attribute are page, chapter, direction, text, number-no-superior, number-all-superior or number.</p>
<p>For &lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt; 7.7.6 elements, the values of the text:reference-format attribute are page, chapter, direction, text, number-no-superior, number-all-superior or number.</p>
<p>The values of the text:reference-format attribute are page, chapter, direction or text.</p>
<p>For &lt;text:sequence-ref&gt; 7.7.8 elements, the values of the text:reference-format attribute are page, chapter, direction, text, category-and-value, caption or value.</p>
<h2>text:relative-tab-stop-position</h2>
<p>The text:relative-tab-stop-position attribute specifies whether the position of tab stops is relative to the left margin or to the left indent as determined by the paragraph style. It is used in the specification for the generation of index entries and table of content entries.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:relative-tab-stop-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: paragraph style determines position of tab stops relative to the left margin.</p></li>
<li><p>true: paragraph style determines the position of tab stops relative to the left indent.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The text:relative-tab-stop-position attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2, &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2, &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2, &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2, &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The text:relative-tab-stop-position attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:report-type</h2>
<p>The text:report-type attribute specifies a report type for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:report-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:report-type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:restart-numbering</h2>
<p>The text:restart-numbering attribute specifies whether to restart the numbering of headings. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:restart-numbering attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: numbering of headings does not restart.</p></li>
<li><p>true: numbering of headings does restart.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:restart-numbering attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:restart-numbering attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:restart-on-page</h2>
<p>The text:restart-on-page attribute specifies whether the line count is reset to 1 at the start of every page.</p>
<p>If the value of this attribute is true, the line count is reset to 1 at the beginning of every page, resulting in page-specific numbering of lines. The default value of this attribute is false, resulting in document-specific numbering of lines.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:restart-on-page attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: line count is not reset, resulting in document-wide numbering of lines.</p></li>
<li><p>true: line count is reset to 1 at the beginning of every page, resulting in page-specific line numbering.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:restart-on-page attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<p>The text:restart-on-page attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:row-number</h2>
<p>The text:row-number attribute specifies a row number to select when a condition is true.</p>
<p>The text:row-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<p>The text:row-number attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:school</h2>
<p>The text:school attribute specifies a school for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:school attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:school attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:section-name</h2>
<p>The text:section-name attribute specifies a section to which a section is linked by its name. The referenced section occurs either in the document referenced by the xlink:href 19.916 attribute on the same &lt;text:section-source&gt; element, or in the same document if the xlink:href 19.916 attribute is not present. </p>
<p>If the text:section-name attribute is not present, the section is linked to the entire document referenced by the xlink:href attribute, unless the xlink:href attribute contains a fragment identifier. If neither the xlink:href attribute nor the text:section-name attribute is present, the &lt;text:section-source&gt; element shall be ignored. </p>
<p>The text:section-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2.</p>
<p>The text:section-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:series</h2>
<p>The text:series attribute specifies the series for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:series attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:series attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:select-page</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:select-page attribute specifies conditional display of text.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:select-page attribute specifies whether to check for a previous or next page and if that page exists, continuation text is displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:select-page attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>next: check for next page and if it exists, displays continuation text.</p></li>
<li><p>previous: check for previous page and if it exists, display continuation text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:select-page attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5.</p>
<p>The values of the text:select-page attribute are previous or next.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:select-page attribute specifies whether to display or not the number of a previous or following page rather than the number of the current page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:select-page attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>current: number of the current page.</p></li>
<li><p>next: number of the page immediately following the current page.</p></li>
<li><p>previous: number of the page immediately preceding the current page.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: To display the current page number on all pages except the first or last page, use a combination of the text:select-page and text:page-adjust 19.851 attributes.</p>
<p>The text:select-page attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-number&gt; 7.3.4.</p>
<p>The values of the text:select-page attribute are previous, current or next.</p>
<h2>text:separation-character</h2>
<p>The text:separation-character attribute specifies the character used to separate values representing levels in an outline.</p>
<p>If the value of the text:display-outline-level attribute is a non-zero value, a separation character may be specified. The default separation character is &quot;.&quot; (U+002E, FULL STOP). If the value of text:display-outline-level 19.851 is zero, this attribute shall be omitted.</p>
<p>The text:separation-character attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sequence-decl&gt; 7.4.12.</p>
<p>The text:separation-character attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<h2>text:sort-algorithm</h2>
<p>The text:sort-algorithm specifies a locale-specific sorting algorithm by name.</p>
<p>The text:sort-algorithm attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2 and &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<p>The text:sort-algorithm attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:sort-ascending</h2>
<p>The text:sort-ascending attribute specifies whether locale-specific sorting takes place in ascending or descending order.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:sort-ascending attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: sorting takes place in descending order.</p></li>
<li><p>true: sorting takes place in ascending order.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The text:sort-ascending attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:sort-key&gt; 16.31.7.</p>
<p>The text:sort-ascending attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:sort-by-position</h2>
<p>The text:sort-by-position attribute specifies whether bibliography entries are displayed in the order of their positions in the document, or by selected fields.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:sort-by-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: bibliographic entries are displayed in the order of their positions in a document.</p></li>
<li><p>true: bibliographic entries are displayed as sorted by selected fields. The collation order for entries sorted by fields is determined by by the attributes fo:language 19.236, fo:country 19.234, fo:script 19.242, style:rfc-language-tag 19.516 and text:sort-algorithm 19.516.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The text:sort-by-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<p>The text:sort-by-position attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:start-value</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies the value for starting or restarting numbering.. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies a value that restarts numbering at the current heading.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies a value that restarts numbering of a list at the current item. This attribute can only be applied to items in a list with a numbering list style. </p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies a value that restarts numbering at the current list level.</p>
<p>For a &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies the value at which note numbering starts.</p>
<p>For a &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies a value that restarts numbering of a numbered paragraph at the current item.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:start-value attribute specifies the first number of a heading item at the current level.</p>
<p>For a &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37 element the default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<p>The text:start-value attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:start-numbering-at</h2>
<p>The text:start-numbering-at attribute specifies if footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning of the document or at the beginning of each chapter or page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:start-numbering-at attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>chapter: footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning of a chapter.</p></li>
<li><p>document: footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning of a document. </p></li>
<li><p>page: footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning of a page.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:start-numbering-at attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:notes-configuration&gt; 16.31.3.</p>
<p>The values of the text:start-numbering-at attribute are document, chapter or page.</p>
<h2>text:string-value-phonetic</h2>
<p>The text:string-value-phonetic attribute specifies a phonetic description of a word.</p>
<p>The text:string-value-phonetic attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10 and &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt; 8.1.8.</p>
<p>The text:string-value-phonetic attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:string-value</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies text for display. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies text to be displayed in an alphabetical index.</p>
<p>The text:string-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; 8.1.10.</p>
<p>The text:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies the text to display if a text:condition attribute has the value of false. If this attribute is omitted, the element content is used. </p>
<p>The text:string-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:hidden-text&gt; 7.7.4.</p>
<p>The text:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies continuation text to display. If this attribute is omitted, the element content is used.</p>
<p>The text:string-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:page-continuation&gt; 7.3.5.</p>
<p>The text:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies text to be displayed in a table of contents.</p>
<p>The text:string-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:toc-mark&gt; 8.1.4.</p>
<p>The text:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:string-value attribute specifies text to be displayed in an index.</p>
<p>The text:string-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; 8.1.7.</p>
<p>The text:string-value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:string-value-if-false</h2>
<p>The text:string-value-if-false attribute specifies text string to display if a condition is false.</p>
<p>The text:string-value-if-false attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3.</p>
<p>The text:string-value-if-false attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:string-value-if-true</h2>
<p>The text:string-value-if-true attribute specifies a text string to display if a condition is true.</p>
<p>The text:string-value-if-true attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:conditional-text&gt; 7.7.3.</p>
<p>The text:string-value-if-true attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:style-name</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a style by name, with the additional requirement that the style belongs to a family that is consistent with the style&#039;s use. </p>
<h3>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a text style for an unvisited hyperlink. </p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt; 8.8.4.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt; 8.9.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style. If a conditional style is applied, this attribute has the name of the style that was the result of the conditional style evaluation. </p>
<p>If both text:style-name and text:class-names 19.775 are present, the style referenced by the text:style-name attribute is treated as the first style in the list in text:class-names. Consumers should support the text:class-names attribute and also should preserve it while editing.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt; 8.4.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt; 8.13.5.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt; 8.13.1.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt; 8.13.8.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt; 8.13.7.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt; 8.13.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-span&gt; 8.13.4.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt; 8.13.6.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-entry-text&gt; 8.13.2.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; 8.11.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:index-title-template&gt; 8.12.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt; 16.31.1.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:list&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies the name of a list style that is applied to a list.</p>
<p>If this attribute is not included and therefore no list style is specified, one of the following actions is taken:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If a list is contained within another list, the list style defaults to the style of the surrounding list.</p></li>
<li><p>If there is no list style specified for the surrounding list, but the list&#039;s list items contain paragraphs that have paragraph styles attached specifying a list style, that list style is used. </p></li>
<li><p>An implementation-dependent default list style is used.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>To determine which formatting properties are applied to a list, the list level and list style name are taken into account. </p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt; 16.34.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt; 16.33.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies the name of a list style that is applied to a list.</p>
<p>If this attribute is not included and therefore no list style is specified, one of the following actions is taken:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If the list is contained within another list, the list style defaults to the style of the surrounding list.</p></li>
<li><p>If there is no list style specified for the surrounding list, but the list contains paragraphs that have paragraph styles attached specifying a list style, this list style is used for any of these paragraphs.</p></li>
<li><p>An implementation-dependent default list style is applied to any other paragraphs.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>To determine which formatting properties are applied to a list, the list level and list style name are taken into account. </p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt; 8.6.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:outline-level-style&gt; 16.37.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:p&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style. If a conditional style is applied, this attribute has the name of the style that was the result of the conditional style evaluation. </p>
<p>If both text:style-name and text:class-names are present, the style referenced by the text:style-name attribute is treated as the first style in the list in text:class-names 19.775. Consumers should support the text:class-names attribute and also should preserve it while editing.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a ruby family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:ruby&gt; 6.4.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a character family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:ruby-text&gt; 6.4.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:span&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies style for span which shall be a style with family of text.</p>
<p>If both text:style-name and text:class-names are present, the style referenced by the text:style-name attribute is treated as the first style in the list in text:class-names 19.775. Consumers should support the text:class-names attribute and also should preserve it while editing.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:span&gt; 6.1.7.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt; 8.5.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt; 8.3.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a section family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:style-name attribute specifies a paragraph family style.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt; 8.7.3.</p>
<p>The text:style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>text:style-override</h2>
<p>The text:style-override attribute specifies an override to the list style to be applied to a list item. </p>
<p>The text:style-override attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4.</p>
<p>The text:style-override attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>text:suffix</h2>
<p>The text:suffix attribute specifies a string that is displayed after a bibliography entry&#039;s short name or number if it occurs outside the bibliography. </p>
<p>The text:suffix attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt; 16.31.6.</p>
<p>The text:suffix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:tab-ref</h2>
<p>The text:tab-ref attribute contains the number of the tab-stop to which a tab character refers. The position 0 marks the start margin of a paragraph.</p>
<p>Note: The text:tab-ref attribute is only a hint to help non-layout-oriented consumers to determine the association of tab with tab-stop. Layout-oriented consumers should determine the tab positions based on the style information.</p>
<p>The text:tab-ref attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:tab&gt; 6.1.4.</p>
<p>The text:tab-ref attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:table-name</h2>
<p>The text:table-name attribute specifies a table within a source database.</p>
<p>The text:table-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6 and &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<p>The text:table-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:table-type</h2>
<p>The text:table-type attribute specifies the type of reference made to a database. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:table-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>table : the value of the text:table-name 19.884 attribute is the name of a database table.</p></li>
<li><p>query : the value of the text:table-name attribute is the name of a database query.</p></li>
<li><p>command : the value of the text:table-name attribute is an SQL statement.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:table-type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:database-display&gt; 7.6.3, &lt;text:database-name&gt; 7.6.7, &lt;text:database-next&gt; 7.6.4, &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6 and &lt;text:database-row-select&gt; 7.6.5.</p>
<p>The values of the text:table-type attribute are table, query or command.</p>
<h2>text:time-adjust</h2>
<p>The text:time-adjust attribute specifies an adjustment of the value of a time by a specific time period. Positive values adjust the time to a time in the future, while negative values adjust the time to a time in the past. Duration values are truncated to full minutes.</p>
<p>Note: Truncation of time values is defined by number:truncate-on-overflow. 19.369</p>
<p>The text:time-adjust attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3.</p>
<p>The text:time-adjust attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:time-value</h2>
<p>The text:time-value attribute specifies the time at which a document was last edited.</p>
<p>If no value is specified, whether the field is marked as fixed or not, the current time is assumed.</p>
<p>The text:time-value attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:creation-time&gt; 7.5.4, &lt;text:modification-time&gt; 7.5.15, &lt;text:print-time&gt; 7.5.7 and &lt;text:time&gt; 7.3.3.</p>
<p>The text:time-value attribute has the data type timeOrDateTime 18.3.36.</p>
<h2>text:title</h2>
<p>The text:title attribute specifies a title for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:title attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:track-changes</h2>
<p>The text:track-changes attribute specifies whether changes to the document should be tracked and recorded.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:track-changes attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: changes are not tracked.</p></li>
<li><p>true: changes are tracked.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The text:track-changes attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:tracked-changes&gt; 5.5.2.</p>
<p>The text:track-changes attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:url</h2>
<p>The text:url attribute specifies an IRI for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:url attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:url attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:use-caption</h2>
<p>The text:use-caption attribute specifies whether captions or names of illustrations or tables are used for an index. </p>
<p>The defined values of the text:use-caption attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: illustration or table names are used for an index.</p></li>
<li><p>true: illustration or table captions are used for an index.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The text:use-caption attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; 8.4.2 and &lt;text:table-index-source&gt; 8.5.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-caption attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-chart-objects</h2>
<p>The text:use-chart-objects attribute specifies whether to include embedded chart objects in an index of objects. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-chart-objects attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: object is not included in index of objects.</p></li>
<li><p>true: object is included in index of objects.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-chart-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-chart-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-draw-objects</h2>
<p>The text:use-draw-objects attributes specifies whether embedded draw objects (defined by &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2 elements) will be included in an index of objects. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-draw-objects attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: draw objects not included in an index of objects.</p></li>
<li><p>true: draw objects included in an index of objects.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-draw-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-draw-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-floating-frames</h2>
<p>The text:use-floating-frames attribute specifies whether text boxes will be included in user-defined indexes. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-floating-frames attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text boxes not included in user-defined indexes.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text boxes included in user-defined indexes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-floating-frames attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-floating-frames attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-graphics</h2>
<p>The text:use-graphics attribute specifies whether graphics are include in user-defined indexes. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-graphics attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: graphics are not included in user-defined indexes.</p></li>
<li><p>true: graphics are included in user-defined indexes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-graphics attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-graphics attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-index-marks</h2>
<p>The text:use-index-marks attribute specifies whether table of contents index marks are used to generate index entries. The text:outline-level 19.850 attribute specifies up to which level index marks are being included.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-index-marks attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: table of contents does not include entries generated from table of contents index marks.</p></li>
<li><p>true: table of contents does include entries generated from table of contents index marks.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2 element the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-index-marks attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-index-marks attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-index-source-styles</h2>
<p>The text:use-index-source-styles attribute specifies whether index entries are generated for paragraphs formatted using the paragraph styles listed in the &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element.</p>
<p>The text:outline-level 19.850 attribute specifies up to which level index source styles are being included.  </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-index-source-styles attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: index entries are not generated for paragraphs formatted using the paragraph styles listed in a &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element.</p></li>
<li><p>true: index entries are generated for paragraphs formatted using the paragraph styles listed in a &lt;text:index-source-styles&gt; element.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For a &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2 element the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-index-source-styles attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2 and &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-index-source-styles attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-keys-as-entries</h2>
<p>The text:use-keys-as-entries attribute specifies the use of the up to two keys for an index mark as entries in the index. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-keys-as-entries attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: additional keys are used as sub-entries.</p></li>
<li><p>true: additional keys are used as additional entries.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-keys-as-entries attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt; 8.8.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-keys-as-entries attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-math-objects</h2>
<p>The text:use-math-objects attribute specifies whether embedded math objects are included in an index of objects. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-math-objects attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: math objects are not included in an index of objects.</p></li>
<li><p>true: math objects are included in an index of objects.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-math-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-math-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-objects</h2>
<p>The text:use-objects attribute specifies whether an object is included in a user-defined index. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-objects attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: objects are not included in a user define index.</p></li>
<li><p>true: objects are included in a user-defined index.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-other-objects</h2>
<p>The text:use-other-objects attribute specifies whether other embedded objects are included in an index of objects. Other objects are those not covered by text:use-chart-objects 19.892, text:use-draw-objects 19.893, text:use-math-objects 19.899, and text:use-spreadsheet-objects 19.904 attributes. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-other-objects attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: other objects are not included in an index of objects.</p></li>
<li><p>true: other objects are included in an index of objects.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-other-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-other-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-outline-level</h2>
<p>The text:use-outline-level attribute specifies whether headings are used to generate index entries. The text:outline-level attribute specifies up to which level headings are being included. 19.850</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-outline-level attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: table of contents does not include entries generated from headings.</p></li>
<li><p>true: table of contents does include entries generated from headings.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The text:use-outline-level attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; 8.3.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-outline-level attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-soft-page-breaks</h2>
<p>The text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute specifies whether a document contains soft page breaks.</p>
<p>A soft page break is a page break that has been included in a document by a page-oriented consumer at a position where the document itself does not include a page break as defined by fo:break-after 20.185 or fo:break-before 20.185. </p>
<p>Soft page breaks are specified by the &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; element.</p>
<p>OpenDocument producers need not produce&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements. They may include them if they have computed a paginated layout. Consumers may handle the element while computing the layout, but it shall not depend on its existence. Soft page breaks are only defined for text documents.</p>
<p>Producers that store soft page breaks shall indicate this by setting the text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute to true. Producers that do not store soft page breaks shall indicate that by omitting this attribute, or by setting it to false.</p>
<p>A producer that does not support pagination and soft page-breaks and that modifies an OpenDocument file, which includes soft page-breaks, shall set the text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute to false (or remove it). It should also remove the &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements from the document.</p>
<p>Producers that compute a paginated layout of a document should provide a facility for the export of soft page breaks for the purposes of consistent page breaks and for conversion to talking book formats ( [DAISY]).</p>
<p>For &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements that appear within table rows, the maximum number of &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements that appear within the single table cells determines the number of page breaks that appear within the table row. The &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements contained in each cell determine the positions where these page breaks appear within the cell content.</p>
<p>When &lt;text:soft-page-break&gt; elements appear within text boxes and other content displayed outside the text flow, they do not start a new page, but only indicate where the text-box&#039;s content breaks between two pages.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: soft page breaks not supported.</p></li>
<li><p>true: soft page breaks supported.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;office:text&gt; 3.4.</p>
<p>The text:use-soft-page-breaks attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-spreadsheet-objects</h2>
<p>The text:use-spreadsheet-objects attribute specifies whether embedded spreadsheet objects will appear in an object index. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-spreadsheet-objects attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: spreadsheet objects do not appear in an object index.</p></li>
<li><p>true: spreadsheet objects do appear in an object index.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-spreadsheet-objects attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:object-index-source&gt; 8.6.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-spreadsheet-objects attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:use-tables</h2>
<p>The text:use-tables attribute specifies whether tables will appear in a user-defined index. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:use-tables attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: tables will not appear in a user-defined index.</p></li>
<li><p>true: tables will appear in a user-defined index.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The text:use-tables attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:user-index-source&gt; 8.7.2.</p>
<p>The text:use-tables attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:value</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The text:value attribute specifies a value.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:label&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:value attribute specifies the text of a &lt;text:label&gt; element.</p>
<p>The text:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:label&gt; 7.4.17.</p>
<p>The text:value attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The text:value attribute specifies the current row number for a &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; element. The number changes when new data is added to the current document.</p>
<p>The text:value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:database-row-number&gt; 7.6.6.</p>
<p>The text:value attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:visited-style-name</h2>
<p>The text:visited-style-name attribute specifies a style for a hyperlink that has been visited. </p>
<p>The text:visited-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<p>The text:visited-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>text:volume</h2>
<p>The text:volume attribute specifies a volume for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:volume attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:volume attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:year</h2>
<p>The text:year attribute specifies a year for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The text:year attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt; 8.1.11.</p>
<p>The text:year attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>xforms:bind</h2>
<p>The xforms:bind attribute specifies the binding of an OpenDocument control to an XForm form.</p>
<p>With OpenDocument form buttons, the bind attribute refers to a form:xform-submission 19.319 attribute with the given ID. Pushing the button causes the appropriate XForms submission action to be performed. </p>
<p>Note: OpenDocument form button controls are: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, and, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16.</p>
<p>With OpenDocument form non-button controls, the xforms:bind attribute refers to an &lt;xforms:bind&gt; element with the given ID. Any such bound control reads and writes its data as determined by the appropriate bind element.</p>
<p>Note: OpenDocument form non-button controls are: &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:column&gt; 13.5.23, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:item&gt; 13.5.12, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:option&gt; 13.5.14, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4,&lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9, and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The xforms:bind attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9 and &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24.</p>
<p>The xforms:bind attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>xhtml:about</h2>
<p>The xhtml:about attribute specifies the subject of an RDF statement for in-content metadata. Predicates for RDF statements are specified by the xhtml:property attribute. 19.914</p>
<p>The RDF statement&#039;s object is specified by the xhtml:content 19.912 attribute, if present, or it is</p>
<ul>
<li><p>the literal content between a pair of &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; and &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; elements that are paired by the values of their text:name attributes. 6.2.1.3, 6.2.1.4</p></li>
<li><p>for elements other than &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; and &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;, the literal content of the element containing an xhtml:about attribute. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The xhtml:datatype attribute provides the data type of the RDF object. 19.913</p>
<p>The xhtml:about attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<p>The xhtml:about attribute has the data type URIorSafeCURIE 18.3.37.</p>
<h2>xhtml:content</h2>
<p>The xhtml:content attribute specifies an object of an RDF statement for in-content metadata. 19.911.</p>
<p>The xhtml:content attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<p>The xhtml:content attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>xhtml:datatype</h2>
<p>The xhtml:datatype attribute specifies the RDF data type (see §5 of [RDF-CONCEPTS]) of the object of an RDF statement. </p>
<p>The xhtml:datatype attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<p>The xhtml:datatype attribute has the data type CURIE 18.3.12.</p>
<h2>xhtml:property</h2>
<p>The xhtml:property attribute specifies a list of one or more CURIEs. Each CURIE is the predicate of an RDF statement for in content-metadata. 19.911.</p>
<p>The xhtml:property attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9 and &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3.</p>
<p>The xhtml:property attribute has the data type CURIEs 18.3.13.</p>
<h2>xlink:actuate</h2>
<p>See §5.6.2 of [XLink].</p>
<p>The xlink:actuate attribute has the value onRequest for the following elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2, &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27, &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6 and &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<p>The xlink:actuate attribute has the value onLoad for the following elements: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3 and &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35.</p>
<p>For &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2, &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27, &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6 and &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8 elements the default value for this attribute is onRequest.</p>
<p>For &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3 and &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35 elements the default value for this attribute is onLoad.</p>
<p>The xlink:actuate attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27, &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8 and &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35.</p>
<h2>xlink:href</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The xlink:href 19.916 attribute specifies a remote resource. Its data type is anyIRI. See §5.4 of [XLink].</p>
<h3>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies an audio stream.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute at the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element specifies the document which provides the data for a chart. The following values are supported:</p>
<ul>
<li><p> &quot;.&quot;(U+002E, FULL STOP): The data is provided by the chart document itself. It is taken from the &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 element inside the &lt;chart:chart&gt; element.</p></li>
<li><p>&quot;..&quot;(U+002E, FULL STOP followed by U+002E, FULL STOP): The data is provided by the document into which the chart is embedded. This is only supported if the chart is embedded into another document.</p></li>
<li><p>A relative IRI: The data is provided by an embedded object referenced by the IRI. This embedded object shall be within the same package as the chart itself.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>All cell range addresses that are specified within a chart are relative to the document referenced by the xlink:href attribute.</p>
<p>For a &lt;chart:chart&gt; element, if the xlink:href attribute is omitted, its value is assumed to be “..” (U+002E, FULL STOP followed by U+002E, FULL STOP).</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a file containing an image.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; 17.23.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:component&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a form or report document.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies either a database, or database connection data encoded as an IRI.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of a file that defines a database. If a database consists of multiple files of different types which all are required for it to be operational, xlink:href points to one of those files which defines the database as a whole.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a target location for the hyperlink.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the base IRI for an applet.</p>
<p>For a &lt;draw:applet&gt; element the default value for this attribute is an empty string. </p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a target location for the hyperlink.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a target location for the hyperlink.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a target location for the hyperlink.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a file containing an image.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the source of a floating frame.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:image&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a file containing an image.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:object&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of an embedded object.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of an embedded object.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the source of a plugin.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:button&gt;</h3>
<p> The xlink:href attribute specifies a resource that is loaded if a button is operated.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies either a database, or database connection encoded as an IRI. </p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:connection-resource&gt; 7.6.2.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:image&gt;</h3>
<p> The xlink:href attribute specifies a resource that is loaded if a button is operated.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;form:form&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the processing agent for a form.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the IRI of a replacement document.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;meta:template&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of a document template.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies either a document bookmark or an application depending on the action selected by the presentation:action 19.391 attribute.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies a sound that is played when an effect is executed.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies macro code that should be called for an event. The IRI may have any protocol. The interpretation of the IRI is script-language-dependent.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies an image.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</h3>
<p>See § 20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</h3>
<p>See § 20.8.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies an IRI for a document containing a source table.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies an IRI of a document containing a source table.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the target location of a hyperlink.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location of an alphabetical index mark file that contains a list of terms.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies an image.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:script&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the location script source code.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h3>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The xlink:href attribute specifies the document or document fragment to which a section is linked. If the IRI contains a fragment identifier, and if the referenced document is an OpenDocument document, the fragment identifier should be interpreted as the name of a section to which a section is linked. A fragment identifier should be ignored if a text:section-name 19.867 attribute is present. </p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2.</p>
<p>The xlink:href attribute has the data type anyIRI 18.3.2.</p>
<h2>xlink:show</h2>
<p>See §5.6.1 of [XLink].</p>
<p>For a &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13 element the value for this attribute is replace.</p>
<p>For &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35 and &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2 elements the value for this attribute is embed.</p>
<p>For &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; 4.3.2.14, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2 and &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8 elements the supported values for this attribute are new or replace.</p>
<p>For a &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13 element the default value for this attribute is replace.</p>
<p>For &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35 and &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2 elements the default value for this attribute is embed.</p>
<p>For &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7 the default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The xlink:show attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt; 4.3.2.14, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35 and &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2.</p>
<h2>xlink:title</h2>
<p>The xlink:title attribute specifies a title to be associated with a document template.</p>
<p>The xlink:title attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12.</p>
<p>The xlink:title attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>xlink:type</h2>
<p>See §3.2 of [XLink]. This attribute always has the value simple in OpenDocument document instances. </p>
<p>For &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27, &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9 and &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2 elements the default value for this attribute is simple.</p>
<p>The xlink:type attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;db:component&gt; 12.25.5, &lt;db:connection-resource&gt; 12.7, &lt;db:file-based-database&gt; 12.5, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:area-circle&gt; 10.4.13.4, &lt;draw:area-polygon&gt; 10.4.13.5, &lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt; 10.4.13.3, &lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;form:form&gt; 13.3, &lt;meta:auto-reload&gt; 4.3.2.13, &lt;meta:template&gt; 4.3.2.12, &lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; 10.9.2, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;script:event-listener&gt; 14.5.2, &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3, &lt;svg:definition-src&gt; 16.27, &lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt; 16.26, &lt;table:cell-range-source&gt; 9.3.1, &lt;table:table-source&gt; 9.2.6, &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8, &lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt; 8.8.3, &lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt; 16.35, &lt;text:script&gt; 7.7.9 and &lt;text:section-source&gt; 5.4.2.</p>
<h2>xml:id</h2>
<p>See [XML-ID]. </p>
<p>The xml:id attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;anim:audio&gt; 15.5, &lt;anim:command&gt; 15.6.1, &lt;anim:iterate&gt; 15.4.4, &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2, &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3, &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12, &lt;dr3d:cube&gt; 10.5.4, &lt;dr3d:extrude&gt; 10.5.6, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt; 10.5.7, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;dr3d:sphere&gt; 10.5.5, &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12, &lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:floating-frame&gt; 10.4.10, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:object&gt; 10.4.6.2, &lt;draw:object-ole&gt; 10.4.6.3, &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:plugin&gt; 10.4.8, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6, &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3, &lt;form:button&gt; 13.5.15, &lt;form:checkbox&gt; 13.5.17, &lt;form:combobox&gt; 13.5.11, &lt;form:date&gt; 13.5.8, &lt;form:file&gt; 13.5.5, &lt;form:fixed-text&gt; 13.5.10, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt; 13.5.6, &lt;form:frame&gt; 13.5.19, &lt;form:generic-control&gt; 13.5.25, &lt;form:grid&gt; 13.5.22, &lt;form:hidden&gt; 13.5.21, &lt;form:image&gt; 13.5.16, &lt;form:image-frame&gt; 13.5.20, &lt;form:listbox&gt; 13.5.13, &lt;form:number&gt; 13.5.7, &lt;form:password&gt; 13.5.4, &lt;form:radio&gt; 13.5.18, &lt;form:text&gt; 13.5.2, &lt;form:textarea&gt; 13.5.3, &lt;form:time&gt; 13.5.9, &lt;form:value-range&gt; 13.5.24, &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1, &lt;presentation:sound&gt; 10.8.2, &lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; 9.1.5, &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2, &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4, &lt;table:table-column&gt; 9.1.6, &lt;table:table-row&gt; 9.1.3, &lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt; 8.8, &lt;text:bibliography&gt; 8.9, &lt;text:bookmark&gt; 6.2.1.2, &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; 6.2.1.3, &lt;text:changed-region&gt; 5.5.3, &lt;text:h&gt; 5.1.2, &lt;text:illustration-index&gt; 8.4, &lt;text:index-title&gt; 8.2.3, &lt;text:list&gt; 5.3.1, &lt;text:list-header&gt; 5.3.3, &lt;text:list-item&gt; 5.3.4, &lt;text:meta&gt; 6.1.9, &lt;text:meta-field&gt; 7.5.19, &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6, &lt;text:object-index&gt; 8.6, &lt;text:p&gt; 5.1.3, &lt;text:section&gt; 5.4, &lt;text:table-index&gt; 8.5, &lt;text:table-of-content&gt; 8.3 and &lt;text:user-index&gt; 8.7.</p>
<p>The xml:id attribute has the data type ID 18.2.</p>
<h1>Formatting Attributes</h1>
<h2>General</h2>
<p>In an OpenDocument Format document, &lt;style:*-properties&gt; elements contain the definitions of formatting that is associated with document structure elements. Formatting definitions are expressed as attributes on the &lt;style:*-properties&gt; elements or as child elements of these elements. This chapter defines formatting properties that are represented by attributes. Formatting properties that are represented by elements are defined in chapter 17. </p>
<h2>chart:angle-offset</h2>
<p>The chart:angle-offset attribute specifies a counter-clockwise rotation of a polar coordinate in a circle, ring or polar chart. The attribute value is an angle. See 18.3.1. The default value is 90deg.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The chart:angle-offset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:angle-offset attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>chart:auto-position</h2>
<p>The chart:auto-position attribute specifies if an object should be positioned automatically. </p>
<p>The default value is true if svg:x 19.577 and svg:y 19.581 attributes are not specified. It is false if the svg:x and svg:y attributes are specified. </p>
<p>The chart:auto-position attribute is evaluated for chart styles applied to elements that may have svg:x and svg:y attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:auto-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: svg:x and svg:y attribute values are used to position an object.</p></li>
<li><p>true: svg:x and svg:y attribute values are ignored, and the consumer chooses a position.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:auto-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:auto-position attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:auto-size</h2>
<p>The chart:auto-size attribute specifies if the size of an object should be chosen automatically. </p>
<p>The default value is true if svg:width 19.575 and svg:height 19.543 attributes are not specified. It is false if the svg:width and svg:height attributes are specified.</p>
<p>The chart:auto-size attribute is evaluated for chart styles applied to elements that have svg:width and svg:height attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:auto-size attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: svg:width and svg:height attribute values are used to size an object.</p></li>
<li><p>true: svg:width and svg:height attribute values are ignored, and the consumer chooses a size.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:auto-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:auto-size attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:axis-label-position</h2>
<p>The chart:axis-label-position attribute specifies the position of the axis labels.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:axis-label-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>near-axis: labels are placed adjacent to the axis line. On which side of the line the labels are placed depends on the chart:axis-position 20.6 attribute. If the chart:axis-position attribute has the value start or end, the labels are placed outside the coordinate system. Otherwise, the labels are placed adjacent to the axis on the side that belongs to the lower values on the crossing axis.</p></li>
<li><p>near-axis-other-side: labels are placed adjacent to the axis on the opposite side as for near-axis.</p></li>
<li><p>outside-end: labels are placed outside the coordinate region on that side where the crossing axis has its maximum value.</p></li>
<li><p>outside-start: labels are placed outside the coordinate region on that side where the crossing axis has its minimum value.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If the chart:axis-label-position attribute is missing but a chart:axis-position attribute is given, the value of the chart:axis-label-position attribute is assumed to be near-axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The chart:axis-label-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:axis-label-position attribute are near-axis, near-axis-other-side, outside-start or outside-end.</p>
<h2>chart:axis-position</h2>
<p>The chart:axis-position attribute specifies the position of the axis line on the scale of the crossing axis.</p>
<p>If the attribute is set for a y-axis, the position indicates a value on the scale of the first x-axis.</p>
<p>If the attribute is set for an x-axis, the position indicates a value on the scale of the first y-axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:axis-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>end: axis line is placed at the end of the crossing axis.</p></li>
<li><p>start: axis line is placed at the start of the crossing axis.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type double: axis line is placed at the given value on the crossing axis. If the crossing axis is an axis displaying categories rather than values, a value of 1 indicates that the axis should be placed at the first category, a value of 2 indicates that the axis should be placed at the second category and so forth.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:axis-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:axis-position attribute are start, end or a value of type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:connect-bars</h2>
<p>The chart:connect-bars attribute specifies if bars in a bar chart that belong to the same series are connected by lines.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:connect-bars attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: bars belonging to the same series are not connected by lines.</p></li>
<li><p>true: bars belonging to the same series are connected by lines.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:connect-bars attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:connect-bars attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:data-label-number</h2>
<p>The chart:data-label-number attribute specifies whether the value or the percentage of a data point or both, should be displayed within a data label. By default, neither the value nor a percentage is displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:data-label-number attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: neither the value nor the percentage should be displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>percentage: only the percentage value should be displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>value: only the value should be displayed within the data label.</p></li>
<li><p>value-and-percentage: both the value and the percentage should be displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<p>The style:data-style-name 19.473 attribute can be used together with this attribute to indicate which number format should be used to display the value.</p>
<p>The style:percentage-data-style-name 19.511 attribute can be used together with this attribute to indicate which number format should be used to display the percentage value.</p>
<p>The chart:data-label-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:data-label-number attribute are none, value, percentage or value-and-percentage.</p>
<h2>chart:data-label-series</h2>
<p>The chart:data-label-series attribute determines whether or not to display the series name of the corresponding series in the data label.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:data-label series attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: no series name is displayed on data label.</p></li>
<li><p>true: series name is displayed on data label.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<p>The chart:data-label-series attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:data-label-series attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:data-label-symbol</h2>
<p>The chart:data-label-symbol attribute specifies whether to display a legend symbol within the data label of a data point.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:data-label-symbol attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a legend symbol is not displayed within the data label of a data point.</p></li>
<li><p>true: a legend symbol is displayed within the data label of a data point.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:data-label-symbol attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:data-label-symbol attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:data-label-text</h2>
<p>The chart:data-label-text attribute specifies whether to display the category within the data label of a data point.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, a &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:data-label-text attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a category is not displayed within the data label of a data point.</p></li>
<li><p>true: a category is displayed within the data label of a data point.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:data-label-text attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:data-label-text attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:deep</h2>
<p>The chart:deep attribute specifies whether data series are displayed behind each other along the z-axis or not. The chart:deep attribute is ignored unless a chart:three-dimensional 20.65 attribute is present and has the value true. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:deep attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: data series are not displayed behind each other along the z-axis.</p></li>
<li><p>true: data series are displayed behind each other along the z-axis. The z-axis displays the name of the series.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:deep attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:deep attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:display-label</h2>
<p>The chart:display-label attribute specifies whether labels are displayed on an axis or not. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>Note: The labels controlled by chart:display-label attribute appear on an axis as opposed to being labels for the axis.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:display-label attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: labels are not displayed on an axis.</p></li>
<li><p>true: labels are displayed on an axis.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:display-label attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:display-label attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:error-category</h2>
<p>The chart:error-category attribute is used to determine which function is used to calculate error indicators at data points. By default, no error indicators are shown. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:error-category attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>cell-range: Use values from cell ranges for positive and negative error indicators. The chart:error-lower-range 20.17 and chart:error-upper-range 20.22 attributes determine the cell ranges which contain the values to be used for negative and positive error indicators.</p></li>
<li><p>constant: Use fixed absolute values for both directions: positive and negative The absolute value for a positive direction is given with chart:error-upper-limit attribute. The absolute value for a negative direction is given with chart:error-lower-limit attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>error-margin: Use a fixed percentage of the largest value – this is called error-margin. The percentage value is given within chart:error-margin 20.18 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>none: No error indicators are shown.</p></li>
<li><p>percentage: Use a fixed percentage of each value The percentage value is given within chart:error-percentage 20.19 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>standard-deviation: Standard deviation of the values of a series assuming an equal distribution.</p></li>
<li><p>standard-error: Standard error (standard deviation of the mean) of the values of a series.</p></li>
<li><p>variance: Variance of the values of a series assuming an equal distribution.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; 11.17, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<p>The chart:error-category attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:error-category attribute are none, variance, standard-deviation, percentage, error-margin, constant, standard-error or cell-range.</p>
<h2>chart:error-lower-indicator</h2>
<p>The chart:error-lower-indicator attribute specifies whether negative error indicators are displayed (the error value is subtracted from the data point value).</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with the chart:error-category 20.14 attribute.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:error-lower-indicator attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: negative error indicators are not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: negative error indicators are displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:error-lower-indicator attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:error-lower-indicator attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:error-lower-limit</h2>
<p>The chart:error-lower-limit attribute specifies the absolute value in the negative direction that is used to display error indicators if a chart:error-category 20.14 attribute has the value constant. </p>
<p>The chart:error-lower-limit attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:error-lower-limit attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:error-lower-range</h2>
<p>The chart:error-lower-range attribute specifies the cell range used for negative error indicators when a chart:error-category 20.14 attribute has a value of cell-range. </p>
<p>The chart:error-lower-range attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:error-lower-range attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h2>chart:error-margin</h2>
<p>The chart:error-margin attribute specifies the percentage of the largest value in a series used in the display of error indicators for each data point of a series.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with the chart:error-category 20.14 attribute if it has the value error-margin.</p>
<p>The chart:error-margin attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:error-margin attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:error-percentage</h2>
<p>The chart:error-percentage attribute specifies the percentage that is used in the display of error indicators for each data point of a series.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with a chart:error-category 20.14 attribute if the chart:error-category attribute has the value percentage.</p>
<p>The chart:error-percentage attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:error-percentage attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:error-upper-indicator</h2>
<p>The chart:error-upper-indicator attribute specifies whether positive error indicators should be displayed (the error value is added to the data point value).</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with a chart:error-category 20.14 attribute.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:error-upper-indicator attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: positive error indicators are not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: positive error indicators are displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:error-upper-indicator attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:error-upper-indicator attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:error-upper-limit</h2>
<p>The chart:error-upper-limit attribute specifies the absolute value in the positive direction that is used to display error indicators if the chart:error-category 20.14 attribute has the value constant. </p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:error-category attribute.</p>
<p>The chart:error-upper-limit attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:error-upper-limit attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:error-upper-range</h2>
<p>The chart:error-upper-range attribute specifies the cell range used for positive error indicators when the chart:error-category 20.14 attribute has the value cell-range.</p>
<p>The chart:error-upper-range attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:error-upper-range attribute has the data type cellRangeAddressList 18.3.6.</p>
<h2>chart:gap-width</h2>
<p>The chart:gap-width attribute specifies a gap between neighboring groups of bars in a bar chart (that is the distance between the last bar in one category and the first bar in the following category). It is specified as an integer percentage relative to the width of a single bar.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element with chart:dimension 19.18 attribute set to y. </p>
<p>Note: Bars attached to different axis can be arranged differently as long as they are grouped per axis (chart:group-bars-per-axis 20.24 attribute has the value true).</p>
<p>The chart:gap-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:gap-width attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:group-bars-per-axis</h2>
<p>The chart:group-bars-per-axis attribute specifies whether bars in a bar chart are displayed side by side or behind each other when they are attached to different y-axes. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:group-bars-per-axis attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: all bars on the same x-axis are handled as one group and are displayed side by side.</p></li>
<li><p>true: only bars attached to the same x- and y-axis are handled as one group.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:group-bars-per-axis attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:group-bars-per-axis attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:hole-size</h2>
<p>The chart:hole-size attribute specifies the diameter of the inner hole of a ring chart as a percentage of the outer diameter of the outermost ring.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The chart:hole-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:hole-size attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>chart:include-hidden-cells</h2>
<p>The chart:include-hidden-cells attribute specifies whether data points in hidden cells are plotted in a chart. The default is to plot data points in hidden cells.</p>
<p>This attribute can be used in styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:include-hidden-cells attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: data points in hidden cells are not plotted in a chart.</p></li>
<li><p>true: data points in hidden cells are plotted in a chart.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:include-hidden-cells attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:include-hidden-cells attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:interpolation</h2>
<p> The chart:interpolation attribute specifies interpolations for line and scatter charts.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:interpolation attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>b-spline – B-Splines. If the chart:spline-resolution 20.58 attribute has value 1 this is identical to the chart:interpolation attribute value none. If the chart:spline-resolution attribute has value <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo stretchy="false">&gt;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">k &gt; 1</annotation></semantics></math>and the chart:spline-order 20.57 attribute has value <em>p</em> then given a sequence of data points, a B-spline interpolation with polynomials of degree <em>p</em> is constructed as described here. First. we omit any consecutive repeated data points obtaining <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math>where for all <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mn>1,</mn></mrow><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mi>n</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">i = 1,dotslow,n</annotation></semantics></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">≠</mo><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i-1} ,y_{i-1} )&lt;&gt;(x_i ,y_i )</annotation></semantics></math>.</p>
<ul>
</ul>
<p>and connecting these points with straight line segments.</p></li>
<li><p>cubic-spline – Cubic Splines. If the chart:spline-resolution attribute has value 1 this is identical to the chart:interpolation attribute value none. If the chart:spline-resolution attribute has value <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo stretchy="false">&gt;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">k &gt; 1</annotation></semantics></math>then given a sequence of data points,<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math>a cubic spline interpolation is constructed as described here: </p>
<p>Find the unique cubic polynomials <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>f</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>f</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>f</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">f_1 ,f_2 ,dotslow, f_n</annotation></semantics></math><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">g_1 ,g_2 ,dotslow, g_n</annotation></semantics></math> and such that:</p>
<ul>
</ul>
<p>With these cubic polynomials we define the splines (piecewise polynomial functions)<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>f</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mtext>for</mtext><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">≤</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">≤</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">F(t) = f_i (t) "for" (i-1)&lt;=t&lt;=i</annotation></semantics></math>and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>G</mi><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mtext>for</mtext><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">≤</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">≤</mo><mi>i</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">G(t) = g_i (t) "for" (i-1)&lt;=t&lt;=i</annotation></semantics></math>. (In view of the first and fourth conditions above this yields well defined functions <em>F</em> and <em>G</em>.) The interpolation line is then obtained by connecting consecutive points in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mn>1</mn></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mn>1</mn></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mn>2</mn></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mn>2</mn></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mfrac><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow></mstyle><mstyle mathsize="10pt"><mi>k</mi></mstyle></mfrac></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">
left(F(0),G(0)right),left(F left(size 10 1 over {size 10 k}right),G
left(size 10 1 over {size 10 k}right)right), left(F left(size 10 2 over
{size 10 k}right),G left(size 10 2 over {size 10 k}right)right),
dotslow, left(F left({size 10 {n cdot k - 1}} over {size 10 k}right),G
left({size 10 {n cdot k - 1}} over {size 10 k}right)right), left(F
left(size 10 {n cdot k} over {size 10 k}right),G left(size 10 {n cdot k}
over {size 10 k}right)right)</annotation></semantics></math> using straight line segments.</p></li>
<li><p>none - Straight lines. Consecutive data points are connected by straight line segments. </p></li>
<li><p>step-center-x – Step function with a single step in the horizontal center between consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data points,<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math> then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),left({x_{i}+x_{i+1}}over 2 ,y_{i} right),left({x_{i}+x_{i+1}}over 2 ,y_{i+1} right),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> using straight line segments.</p></li>
<li><p> step-center-y – Step function with steps to the mean of consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data points,<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math> then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),left(x_i,{y_{i}+y_{i+1}}over 2 right),left(x_{i+1},{y_{i}+y_{i+1}}over 2 right),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> using straight line segments.</p></li>
<li><p> step-start – Step function with a single step at the beginning of each interval between consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data points,<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math> then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i} ,y_{i+1}),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> using straight line segments.</p></li>
<li><p> step-end – Step function with a single step at the end of each interval between consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data points,<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_0 ,y_0 ),dotslow,(x_n ,y_n )</annotation></semantics></math> then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mi>,</mi><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>,</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">(x_{i} ,y_{i} ),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i}),(x_{i+1} ,y_{i+1})</annotation></semantics></math> using straight line segments.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 or &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element.</p>
<p>The chart:interpolation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:interpolation attribute are none, cubic-spline, b-spline, step-start, step-end, step-center-x or step-center-y.</p>
<h2>chart:interval-major</h2>
<p>The chart:interval-major attribute specifies major intervals on an axis 11.9.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element. </p>
<p>The chart:interval-major attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:interval-major attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:interval-minor-divisor</h2>
<p>The chart:interval-minor-divisor attribute specifies a divisor for the chart:interval-major 20.28 value, the division of which determines the minor interval.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element. </p>
<p>The chart:interval-minor-divisor attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:interval-minor-divisor attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:japanese-candle-stick</h2>
<p>The chart:japanese-candle-stick attribute specifies the display of opening and closing values in a stock chart. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:japanese-candle-stick attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: opening and closing values are displayed as left and right tick-lines</p></li>
<li><p>true: opening and closing values are displayed as colored bars, where the color of the bar depends on whether the opening value is larger than the closing value</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The chart:japanese-candle-stick attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:japanese-candle-stick attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:label-arrangement</h2>
<p>The chart:label-arrangement attribute specifies the arrangement of labels on an axis.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:label-arrangement attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>side-by-side: Labels are not staggered, they are aligned on one line.</p></li>
<li><p>stagger-even: Even labels are aligned on the same line as used for side by side arrangement. Counting starts with one, so the first label is odd. </p></li>
<li><p>stagger-odd: All odd labels are aligned on the line used for side by side arrangement. Counting starts with one, so the first label is odd.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The chart:label-arrangement attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:label-arrangement attribute are side-by-side, stagger-even or stagger-odd.</p>
<h2>chart:label-position</h2>
<p>The chart:label-position attribute specifies where data labels are placed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:label-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>avoid-overlap: an algorithm should be used that tries to place the labels without overlapping each other.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom: the data label is placed below the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom-left: the data label is placed to the bottom left of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom-right: the data label is placed to the bottom right of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>center: the data label is centered on the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>inside: the data label is placed inside the data point (Pie charts, the label is paced inside the piece on the bisecting line aligned to the outer radius. Bar charts, the label is inside the bar aligned to that end that is given by the data points value. Polar charts, the label is placed on that side of the data point that points to the polar chart&#039;s center ).</p></li>
<li><p>left: the data label is placed left of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>near-origin: the data label is placed inside the data point on that side that is near to the origin - where the origin is the beginning of the bar in a bar chart or the baseline in an area chart ( for bar charts the label is placed inside the bar like with value inside but aligned to the opposite end of the bar ).</p></li>
<li><p>outside: the data label is placed outside the data point (Pie charts, the label is placed outside the circle aligned to the outer radius. Bar charts, the label is outside the bar aligned to that end that is given by the data points value. Polar charts, the label is placed on that side of the data point that points away from the polar charts center).</p></li>
<li><p>right: the data label is placed right of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>top: the data label is placed on top of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>top-left: the data label is placed to the top left of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>top-right: the data label is placed to the top right of the data point.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<p>The chart:label-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:label-position attribute are avoid-overlap, center, top, top-right, right, bottom-right, bottom, bottom-left, left, top-left, inside, outside or near-origin.</p>
<h2>chart:label-position-negative</h2>
<p>If the chart:label-position-negative attribute is set in addition to a chart:label-position 20.32 attribute, it is used for all labels that belong to data points with negative values. Otherwise, the position set in a chart:label-position attribute is used for positive and negative values. If a chart:label-position-negative attribute is used without a chart:label-position attribute it is ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:label-position-negative attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>avoid-overlap: an algorithm should be used that tries to place the labels without overlapping each other.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom: the data label is placed below the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom-left: the data label is placed to the bottom left of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom-right: the data label is placed to the bottom right of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>center: the data label is centered on the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>inside: the data label is placed inside the data point ( for pie charts the label is placed inside the piece on the bisecting line aligned to the outer radius, for bar charts the label is inside the bar aligned to that end that is given by the data points value, for polar charts the label is placed on that side of the data point that points to the polar charts center ).</p></li>
<li><p>left: the data label is placed left of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>near-origin: the data label is placed inside the data point on that side that is near to the origin - where the origin is the beginning of the bar in a bar chart or the base line in an area chart ( for bar charts the label is placed inside the bar like with value inside but aligned to the opposite end of the bar ).</p></li>
<li><p>outside: the data label is placed outside the data point ( for pie charts the label is placed outside the circle aligned to the outer radius, for bar charts the label is outside the bar aligned to that end that is given by the data points value, for polar charts the label is placed on that side of the data point that points away from the polar charts center ).</p></li>
<li><p>right: the data label is placed right of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>top: the data label is placed on top of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>top-left: the data label is placed to the top left of the data point.</p></li>
<li><p>top-right: the data label is placed to the top right of the data point.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:label-position-negative attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:label-position-negative attribute are avoid-overlap, center, top, top-right, right, bottom-right, bottom, bottom-left, left, top-left, inside, outside or near-origin.</p>
<h2>chart:lines (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The chart:lines attribute specifies whether connecting lines between data points are shown. </p>
<p>Note: The display of lines can be specified by the draw:stroke 20.167 attribute. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:lines attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: connecting lines between data points are not shown.</p></li>
<li><p>true: connecting lines between data points are shown.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:lines attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:link-data-style-to-source</h2>
<p>The chart:link-data-style-to-source attribute can only be used in chart documents that are part of a document that provides the data for the chart.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:link-data-style-to-source attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: number format used for rendering axis labels is defined by the style:data-style-name 19.473 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>true: number format used for rendering the axis labels is inherited from the document providing the data. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:link-data-style-to-source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:link-data-style-to-source attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:logarithmic</h2>
<p>The chart:logarithmic attribute specifies whether logarithmic scaling will be used on an axis. By default, proportional scaling is used.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:logarithmic attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: proportional scaling is used.</p></li>
<li><p>true: logarithmic scaling is used.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:logarithmic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:logarithmic attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:maximum</h2>
<p>The chart:maximum attribute specifies the maximum value of an axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The chart:maximum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:maximum attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:mean-value</h2>
<p>The chart:mean-value attribute specifies whether to display a line that represents the statistical mean value of all data points of a series.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element or a &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:mean-value attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: line representing the statistical mean of all the data points in a series is not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: line representing the statistical mean of all the data points in a series is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:mean-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:mean-value attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:minimum</h2>
<p>The chart:minimum attribute specifies the minimum value of an axis. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The chart:minimum attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:minimum attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:origin</h2>
<p>The chart:origin attribute defines the origin of the graphical representation of a data series attached to an axis. </p>
<p>Note: For example, the beginning of the bars in a bar chart or the base line in an area chart can be set by the chart:origin attribute in the style of the y-axis to which the data series is attached. </p>
<p>If the first x-axis has a chart:axis-position 20.6 attribute, that position is taken to indicate the origin of the data points attached to the first y-axis. It overrides the chart:origin attribute of the first y-axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The chart:origin attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:origin attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:overlap</h2>
<p>The chart:overlap attribute specifies how much bars within the same category in a bar chart overlap. The attribute value is an integer that is interpreted as a percentage relative to the width of a single bar. Negative values specify gaps between bars. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element when a chart:dimension 19.18 attribute set to y.</p>
<p>Note: This allows bars to be attached to different axis arranged differently as long as they are grouped per axis (chart:group-bars-per-axis 20.24 attribute is true).</p>
<p>The chart:overlap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:overlap attribute has the data type integer 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:pie-offset</h2>
<p>The chart:pie-offset attribute specifies the distance of a segment from the center of the circle in case of circle charts. The offset is given as an integer which is interpreted as a percentage of the radius of the circle. </p>
<p>In the case of ring charts the chart:pie-offset attribute specifies an additional distance of a segment from the center of the circle. The distance is given as a percentage of the thickness of the ring. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14 or &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element. </p>
<p>The chart:pie-offset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:pie-offset attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:percentage</h2>
<p>The chart:percentage attribute specifies a percentage accumulation of values per category.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:percentage attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the attribute has no effect </p></li>
<li><p>true: values should be accumulated by category. The sum of the values per category is treated as 100 percent and the y-axis displays according to percentages. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:percentage attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:percentage attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:regression-force-intercept</h2>
<p>The chart:regression-force-intercept attribute specifies whether a regression curve of type linear, exponential or polynomial intercepts the y-axis at a certain value. The defined values for the chart:regression-force-intercept attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>true: The regression curve intercepts the y‑axis at the value which is defined by the chart:regression-intercept-value 20.45 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>false: The interception of regression-curve and y-axis is calculated from the data series.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>This attribute is only evaluated together with the attribute chart:regression-type 20.50 and if that has one of the following values: linear, exponential or polynomial.</p>
<p>The chart:regression-force-intercept attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:regression-force-intercept attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:regression-intercept-value</h2>
<p>The chart:regression-intercept-value attribute specifies where a regression curve intercepts the y-axis if attribute chart:regression-force-intercept 20.44 is true.</p>
<p>This attribute is only evaluated together with the chart:regression-force-intercept attribute.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0 in case of regression type linear or polynomial, and the default value is 1 in case of regression type exponential. </p>
<p>The chart:regression-intercept-value attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:regression-intercept-value attribute has the data type double 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:regression-max-degree</h2>
<p>The chart:regression-max-degree attribute specifies the maximum degree of a polynomial regression curve. This attribute is only evaluated together with the attribute chart:regression-type 20.50 and if that has the value polynomial. The value of the chart:regression-max-degree attribute is greater than or equal to 2.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 2.</p>
<p>The chart:regression-max-degree attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:regression-max-degree attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:regression-moving-type</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li><ul>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><p>prior, </p></li>
<li><p>central, </p></li>
<li><p>averaged-abscissa.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Let <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>D</mi>
    <mi>j</mi>
   </msub>
   <mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mrow>
      <msub>
       <mi>x</mi>
       <mi>j</mi>
      </msub>
      <mo stretchy="false">|</mo>
      <msub>
       <mi>y</mi>
       <mi>j</mi>
      </msub>
     </mrow>
    </mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">D_j left(x_j mline y_j right)</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math> with <em>j</em>=1 to <em>N</em> denote the points of the data series in the order they occur in the data series, where <em>N</em> is the total number of data points for that series. Let <em>k</em> denote the value of the chart:regression-period attribute. Let <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mi>s</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">P_i left(r_i mline s_i right)</annotation></semantics></math> with <em>i</em>=1 to <em>N</em>-<em>k</em>+1 denote the points of the regression curve of type moving-average. This regression curve is piecewise linear and continuous through the points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>P</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
   </msub>
   <mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mrow>
      <msub>
       <mi>r</mi>
       <mi>i</mi>
      </msub>
      <mo stretchy="false">|</mo>
      <msub>
       <mi>s</mi>
       <mi>i</mi>
      </msub>
     </mrow>
    </mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">P_i left(r_i mline s_i right)</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math> while being linear between <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>P</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
   </msub>
   <mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo>
    <mrow>
     <mrow>
      <msub>
       <mi>r</mi>
       <mi>i</mi>
      </msub>
      <mo stretchy="false">|</mo>
      <msub>
       <mi>s</mi>
       <mi>i</mi>
      </msub>
     </mrow>
    </mrow>
    <mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">P_i left(r_i mline s_i right)</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math>and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">(</mo><mrow><mrow><msub><mi>r</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">P_{i+1} left(r_{i+1} mline s_{i+1} right)</annotation></semantics></math> for any <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">⩽</mo><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">⩽</mo><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mi>k</mi></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">1 leslant i leslant N-k  </annotation></semantics></math>.</p>
<p>The ordinates <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <msub>
   <mi>s</mi>
   <mi>i</mi>
  </msub>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">s_i</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math> are calculated as <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>s</mi>
     <mi>i</mi>
    </msub>
    <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
    <mstyle mathsize="80%">
     <mfrac>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mi>k</mi>
     </mfrac>
    </mstyle>
   </mrow>
   <mrow>
    <munderover>
     <mo stretchy="false">∑</mo>
     <mrow>
      <mi>z</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
      <mi>i</mi>
     </mrow>
     <mrow>
      <mi>i</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">+</mo>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">−</mo>
      <mn>1</mn>
     </mrow>
    </munderover>
    <msub>
     <mi>y</mi>
     <mi>z</mi>
    </msub>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">s_i = size*0.8{1 over k} sum from {z=i} to {i+k-1} {y_z}</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math>.</p>
<p>Calculation of the associated abscissas <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <msub>
   <mi>r</mi>
   <mi>i</mi>
  </msub>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">r_i</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math> depends on the value of the chart:regression-moving-type attribute. In case it has the value</p>
<ul>
<li><p>prior: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>r</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
   <msub>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mrow>
     <mi>i</mi>
     <mo stretchy="false">+</mo>
     <mi>k</mi>
     <mo stretchy="false">−</mo>
     <mn>1</mn>
    </mrow>
   </msub>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">r_i = x_{i+k-1}</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math></p></li>
<li><p>central: In case of even value <em>k</em> it is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>r</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
   <msub>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mrow>
     <mrow>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">/</mo>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </mrow>
     <mo stretchy="false">+</mo>
     <mi>i</mi>
    </mrow>
   </msub>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">r_i= x_{k/2 + i}</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math> in case of odd value <em>k</em> it is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <msub>
    <mi>r</mi>
    <mi>i</mi>
   </msub>
   <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
   <msub>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mrow>
     <mrow>
      <mrow>
       <mo fence="true" stretchy="false">(</mo>
       <mrow>
        <mrow>
         <mi>k</mi>
         <mo stretchy="false">−</mo>
         <mn>1</mn>
        </mrow>
       </mrow>
       <mo fence="true" stretchy="false">)</mo>
      </mrow>
      <mo stretchy="false">/</mo>
      <mn>2</mn>
     </mrow>
     <mo stretchy="false">+</mo>
     <mi>i</mi>
    </mrow>
   </msub>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">r_i = x_{(k-1)/2+i}</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math></p></li>
<li><p>averaged-abscissa: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
 <semantics>
  <mrow>
   <mrow>
    <msub>
     <mi>r</mi>
     <mi>i</mi>
    </msub>
    <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
    <mstyle mathsize="80%">
     <mfrac>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mi>k</mi>
     </mfrac>
    </mstyle>
   </mrow>
   <mrow>
    <munderover>
     <mo stretchy="false">∑</mo>
     <mrow>
      <mi>z</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
      <mi>i</mi>
     </mrow>
     <mrow>
      <mi>i</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">+</mo>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">−</mo>
      <mn>1</mn>
     </mrow>
    </munderover>
    <msub>
     <mi>x</mi>
     <mi>z</mi>
    </msub>
   </mrow>
  </mrow>
  <annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">r_i = size*0.8{1 over k} sum from {z=i} to {i+k-1}{x_z}</annotation>
 </semantics>
</math></p></li>
</ul>
<ol type="1">
<li><ul>
<li><ul>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is prior.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The chart:regression-moving-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:regression-moving-type attribute are prior, central or averaged-abscissa.</p>
<h2>chart:regression-name</h2>
<p>The chart:regression-name attribute specifies the name of a regression curve.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is the empty string.</p>
<p>The chart:regression-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:regression-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:regression-period</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li><ul>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>The minimum value for this attribute is 2, the default value for this attribute is 2.</p>
<p>The chart:regression-period attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:regression-period attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:regression-type</h2>
<p>The chart:regression-type attribute specifies the regression function for a series. A regression function can be used to approximate the data points in a series. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:regression-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>exponential – Exponential regression – approximate the values of the series using the model: <em>y = A·e</em>B·x.</p></li>
<li><p>linear – Linear regression – approximate the values of the series using the model: <em>y = A·x + B</em>.</p></li>
<li><p>logarithmic – Logarithmic regression – approximate the values of the series using the model: <em>y = A·ln(x) + B</em>.</p></li>
<li><p>moving-average – Moving average – each point on the regression curve is calculated from a set of <em>k</em> data points of the series, where <em>k</em> is given by attribute chart:regression-period 20.49 and the calculation method is chosen according to attribute chart:regression-moving-type 20.47.</p></li>
<li><p>none – no regression curve will be displayed (default value)</p></li>
<li><p>polynomial – Polynomial regression – approximate the values of the series using the model <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mrow><msub><mi>A</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>A</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>A</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mrow><mn>...</mn><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><msub><mi>A</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">y = A_0 + A_1 x+A_2 x^2 ... + A_n x^n</annotation></semantics></math> where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mi>n</mi><annotation encoding="StarMath 5.0">n</annotation></semantics></math> is given by the chart:regression-max-degree 20.46 attribute. </p></li>
<li><p>power – Regression with a power function – approximate the values of the series using the model: <em>y = A·x</em>B.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; 11.18, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements. </p>
<p>The chart:regression-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:regression-type attribute are none, linear, logarithmic, moving-average, exponential, power or polynomial.</p>
<h2>chart:reverse-direction</h2>
<p>The chart:reverse-direction attribute specifies whether the direction of an axis follows the Cartesian coordinate system or the reverse. False is the default.</p>
<p>In a Cartesian coordinate system the x-axis points from left to right and the y-axis points from bottom to top. 3D Cartesian coordinate systems are left-handed and polar coordinate systems are counter-clockwise. If x and y axes are swapped as in horizontal bar charts (when attribute chart:vertical 20.72 value is true), the unswapped coordinate system follows the Cartesian coordinate system and is left-handed.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:reverse-direction attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: direction of axis follows the Cartesian coordinate system.</p></li>
<li><p>true: direction of axis follows the reverse of the Cartesian coordinate system.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:reverse-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:reverse-direction attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:right-angled-axes</h2>
<p>The chart:right-angled-axes attribute specifies a modification of the projection of a 3D chart. In a Cartesian coordinate system, the projections of x and y-axis are horizontal and vertical.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element. The chart:right-angled-axes attribute is ignored unless a chart:three-dimensional 20.65 attribute is present and has the value true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:right-angled-axes attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the attribute has no effect.</p></li>
<li><p>true: a 3D chart is sheared instead of rotated. For Cartesian coordinate systems, the x- and y-axis do form a right angle in the 2D-projection.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:right-angled-axes attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:right-angled-axes attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:scale-text</h2>
<p>The chart:scale-text attribute specifies that the text contained in an object should be scaled whenever the size of the chart changes. This attribute can appear at all chart objects that contain text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:scale-text attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text contained in an object should not be scaled when the size of its containing chart changes.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text contained in an object should be scaled when the size of its containing chart changes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:scale-text attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:scale-text attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:series-source (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The chart:series-source attribute specifies whether a tabular data for a chart contains all the data series in columns or rows.</p>
<p>The tabular data can be given by the table:cell-range-address attribute at the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element or by the &lt;table:table&gt; 9.1.2 element inside the &lt;chart:chart&gt; 11.1 element.</p>
<p>When data is assigned more specifically to a chart element, with a values-cell-range-address attribute on a &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element, the more specific data assignment has priority.</p>
<p>The chart:series-source attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:series-source attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>columns: tabular data for a chart contains all the data series in columns.</p></li>
<li><p>rows: tabular data for a chart contains all the data series in rows.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:series-source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:series-source attribute are columns or rows.</p>
<h2>chart:sort-by-x-values</h2>
<p>The chart:sort-by-x-values attribute specifies whether the data points of a data series should be displayed in ascending order of the x values, or in the order they are contained in the underlying data. It is evaluated for styles that are assigned to the &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element. The chart:sort-by-x-values attribute is used for chart types with data series that contain x-values (for example scatter charts, 19.15).</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:sort-by-x-values attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: data points of a data series should be displayed in the order they are contained in the underlying data.</p></li>
<li><p>true: data points of a data series should be displayed in ascending order of the x values.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:sort-by-x-values attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:sort-by-x-values attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:solid-type</h2>
<p>The chart:solid-type attribute specifies the rendering of bars in three-dimensional bar charts. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:solid-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>cone – bars have the shape of cones</p></li>
<li><p>cuboid – bars have the shape of cuboids</p></li>
<li><p>cylinder – bars have the shape of cylinders</p></li>
<li><p>pyramid – bars have the shape of pyramids</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements.</p>
<p>The chart:solid-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:solid-type attribute are cuboid, cylinder, cone or pyramid.</p>
<h2>chart:spline-order</h2>
<p>The chart:spline-order attribute specifies the degree of the polynomials used as part of the spline.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:interpolation 20.27 attribute when it has the value b-spline.</p>
<p>The chart:spline-order attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:spline-order attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:spline-resolution</h2>
<p>The chart:spline-resolution attribute specifies the number of straight line segments used between any two data points.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:interpolation 20.27 attribute when it has a value other than none.</p>
<p>The chart:spline-resolution attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:spline-resolution attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>chart:stacked</h2>
<p>The chart:stacked attribute specifies the accumulation of the series values per category. Each value is in addition to the other values in the same category. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:stacked attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: series values should not be accumulated by category.</p></li>
<li><p>true: series values should be accumulated by category. Bars in bar charts are stacked on top of each other.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:stacked attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:stacked attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:symbol-height</h2>
<p>The chart:symbol-height attribute specifies the height of a symbol to be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute when the chart:symbol-type attribute has a value other than none.</p>
<p>The chart:symbol-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:symbol-height attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>chart:symbol-name</h2>
<p>The chart:symbol-name attribute specifies a symbol to be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<p>The glyphs associated with the values of the chart:symbol-name attribute are implementation-defined.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used only together with chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute and only when the chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute has the value named-symbol.</p>
<p>The chart:symbol-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:symbol-name attribute are square, diamond, arrow-down, arrow-up, arrow-right, arrow-left, bow-tie, hourglass, circle, star, x, plus, asterisk, horizontal-bar or vertical-bar.</p>
<h2>chart:symbol-type</h2>
<p>The chart:symbol-type attribute specifies if a symbol is used for a data point in a chart, and if so, which type of symbol is to be used.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:symbol-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>automatic: the consumer chooses from the list of available named symbols (see chart:symbol-name 20.61 attribute), choose a different symbol per series in round-robin fashion,in this order: square, diamond, arrow-down, arrow-up, arrow-right, arrow-left, bow-tie, hourglass, circle, star, x, plus, asterisk, horizontal-bar, vertical-bar.</p></li>
<li><p>named-symbol: a symbol specified within chart:symbol-name attribute should be used.</p></li>
<li><p>none: no symbol should be used.</p></li>
<li><p>image: an image defined by a &lt;chart:symbol-image&gt; 17.23 element is used as symbol. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to &lt;chart:data-point&gt; 11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 elements. </p>
<p>The chart:symbol-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<h2>chart:symbol-width</h2>
<p>The chart:symbol-width attribute specifies the width of a symbol to be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with chart:symbol-type 20.62 attribute when the chart:symbol-type attribute has a value other than none.</p>
<p>The chart:symbol-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:symbol-width attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>chart:text-overlap</h2>
<p>The chart:text-overlap attribute specifies whether axis labels may overlap each other.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 20.62 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:text-overlap attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: axis labels shall not overlap each other.</p></li>
<li><p>true: axis labels may overlap each other.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:text-overlap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:text-overlap attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:three-dimensional</h2>
<p>The chart:three-dimensional attribute specifies whether a chart is displayed as a 3D scene.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:three-dimensional attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: chart should not be displayed as a 3D scene.</p></li>
<li><p>true: chart should be displayed as a 3D scene.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:three-dimensional attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:three-dimensional attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:tick-marks-major-inner</h2>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-inner attribute specifies the existence of major inner tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with respect to the major interval that may be specified by the chart:interval-major 20.28 attribute, and are drawn towards the inside of the plot area. That is, they are drawn to the right for an axis displayed on the left hand side of the plot area, and to the left for an axis displayed on the right hand side of the plot area.</p>
<p>If a chart:tick-marks-major-inner attribute and a chart:tick-marks-major-outer 20.67 attribute are both set to true, one tick mark is drawn that crosses the axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 20.28 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:tick-marks-major-inner attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: major inner tick marks should not appear on an axis.</p></li>
<li><p>true: major inner tick marks should appear on an axis.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-inner attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-inner attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:tick-marks-major-outer</h2>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-outer attribute specifies the existence of major outer tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with respect to the major interval that may be specified by the chart:interval-major 20.28 attribute, and are drawn towards the outside of the plot area. That is, they are drawn to the left for an axis displayed on the left hand side of the plot area, and to the right for an axis displayed on the right hand side of the plot area.</p>
<p>If a chart:tick-marks-major-inner 20.66 attribute and a chart:tick-marks-major-outer attribute are both set to true, one tick mark is drawn that crosses the axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:tick-marks-major-outer attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: major outer tick marks should not appear on an axis.</p></li>
<li><p>true: major outer tick marks should appear on an axis.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-outer attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-major-outer attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:tick-marks-minor-inner</h2>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-inner attribute specifies the existence of minor inner tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with respect to the minor interval divisor that may be specified by the chart:interval-minor-divisor 20.29 attribute, and are drawn towards the inside of the plot area. That is, they are drawn to the right for an axis displayed on the left hand side of the plot area, and to the left for an axis displayed on the right hand side of the plot area.</p>
<p>If a chart:tick-marks-minor-inner attribute and a chart:tick-marks-minor-outer 20.69 attribute are both set to true, one tick mark is drawn that crosses the axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:tick-marks-minor-inner attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: minor inner tick marks should not appear on an axis.</p></li>
<li><p>true: minor inner tick marks should appear on an axis.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-inner attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-inner attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:tick-marks-minor-outer</h2>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-outer attribute specifies the existence of minor outer tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with respect to the minor interval divisor that may be specified by the chart:interval-minor-divisor 20.29 attribute, and are drawn towards the outside of the plot area. That is, they are drawn to the left for an axis displayed on the left hand side of the plot area, and to the right for an axis displayed on the right hand side of the plot area.</p>
<p>If a chart:tick-marks-minor-inner 20.68 attribute and a chart:tick-marks-minor-outer attribute are set to true, one tick mark is drawn that crosses the axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:tick-marks-minor-outer attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: minor outer tick marks should not appear on an axis.</p></li>
<li><p>true: minor outer tick marks should appear on an axis.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-outer attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:tick-marks-minor-outer attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:tick-mark-position</h2>
<p>The chart:tick-mark-position attribute specifies the position of the interval marks.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:tick-mark-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>at-labels: interval marks are placed adjacent to axis labels.</p></li>
<li><p>at-axis: interval marks are placed at the axis line.</p></li>
<li><p>at-labels-and-axis: interval marks are placed at axis labels and at the axis line.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute makes a difference only if the labels are not placed at the axis line, that is, if the chart:axis-label-position 20.5 attribute has the value outside-end or outside-start. </p>
<p>If the chart:tick-mark-position attribute is missing but a chart:axis-position attribute is given, chart:tick-mark-position is assumed to be at-labels-and-axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; element. </p>
<p>The chart:tick-mark-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:tick-mark-position attribute are at-labels, at-axis or at-labels-and-axis.</p>
<h2>chart:treat-empty-cells</h2>
<p>The chart:treat-empty-cells attribute specifies how missing and invalid values are plotted in a chart. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:treat-empty-cells attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>ignore: nothing is plotted for a point with missing values and the plot continues.</p></li>
<li><p>leave-gap: nothing is plotted for a point with missing values and a continuous plot stops and restarts at the next valid point.</p></li>
<li><p>use-zero: missing values are replaced with zero.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default behavior is ignore for scatter charts (chart:class 19.15 is chart:scatter). For all other chart types the default behavior is leave-gap. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The chart:treat-empty-cells attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The values of the chart:treat-empty-cells attribute are use-zero, leave-gap or ignore.</p>
<h2>chart:vertical</h2>
<p>The chart:vertical attribute specifies whether the x-axis in a Cartesian coordinate system is oriented horizontally or vertically. </p>
<p>Note: This attribute is used to distinguish bar (chart:vertical=”true”) and column (chart:vertical=”false”) charts.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:vertical attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: horizontal x-axis, vertical y-axis.</p></li>
<li><p>true: vertical x-axis, horizontal y-axis.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:vertical attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>chart:visible</h2>
<p>The chart:visible attribute specifies if an object in a chart is visible or not. By default, objects are visible. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element or a &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 element. </p>
<p>The defined values for the chart:visible attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: object is not visible in chart.</p></li>
<li><p>true: object is visible in chart.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The chart:visible attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The chart:visible attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>dr3d:ambient-color</h2>
<p>See: 19.92</p>
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:ambient-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>dr3d:back-scale</h2>
<p>The dr3d:back-scale attribute specifies the proportion of the background geometry for 3D rotation and extrude objects.</p>
<p>The dr3d:back-scale attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:back-scale attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>dr3d:backface-culling</h2>
<p>The dr3d:backface-culling attribute specifies whether backface culling is enabled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:backface-culling attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>disabled: backface culling is not enabled.</p></li>
<li><p>enabled: backface culling is enabled.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:backface-culling attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:backface-culling attribute are enabled or disabled.</p>
<h2>dr3d:close-back</h2>
<p>The dr3d:close-back attribute specifies if a back face is generated. The attribute can be used with 3D extrude and 3D rotation objects. It is only evaluated for geometries that are closed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:close-back attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a back face should not be generated.</p></li>
<li><p>true: a back face should be generated.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:close-back attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:close-back attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>dr3d:close-front</h2>
<p>The dr3d:close-front attribute specifies if a front face is generated. The attribute can be used with 3D extrude and 3D rotation objects. It is only evaluated for geometries that are closed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:close-front attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a front face should not be generated.</p></li>
<li><p>true: a front face should be generated.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:close-front attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:close-front attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>dr3d:depth</h2>
<p>The dr3d:depth attribute specifies an extrusion depth for extruded objects.</p>
<p>The dr3d:depth attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:depth attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>dr3d:diffuse-color</h2>
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute, along with dr3d:ambient-color 20.7420.74, dr3d:emissive-color 20.83, and dr3d:specular-color 20.91 specifies the four colors that define the color of a material.</p>
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:diffuse-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>dr3d:edge-rounding</h2>
<p>The dr3d:edge-rounding attribute specifies the size of an area at the edges of a geometry that is used for rounding edges, if the geometry of a 3D object is generated during run-time. </p>
<p>The dr3d:edge-rounding attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:edge-rounding attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>dr3d:edge-rounding-mode</h2>
<p>The dr3d:edge-rounding-mode attribute specifies how to generate rounded edges.</p>
<p>Creating rounded edges in a 3D environment requires an inner and outer representation of the outline on which rounded edges will appear. </p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:edge-rounding-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>attractive: the edge begins at the inner plane by moving points in the direction of combined perpendicular vectors of both neighboring vectors. </p></li>
<li><p>correct: the inner face is linearly scaled smaller relative to its center and the original polygon is used for the outer face.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:edge-rounding-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:edge-rounding-mode attribute are correct or attractive.</p>
<h2>dr3d:emissive-color</h2>
<p>The dr3d:emissive-color attribute, along with dr3d:ambient-color 20.74, dr3d:diffuse-color 20.80, and dr3d:specular-color 20.91 specifies the four colors that define the color of a material.</p>
<p>The dr3d:emissive-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:emissive-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>dr3d:end-angle</h2>
<p>The dr3d:end-angle attribute specifies the rotation angle for 3D rotation objects. The attribute value is an angle. </p>
<p>A value of 360 degrees defines that the 3D rotation object is closed and completely rotated. This is also the default. Values smaller than 360 degrees define opened 3D rotation objects (segments). Values larger than 360 degrees define 3D rotation objects with more than one rotation. </p>
<p>Note: The visible effect of values larger than 360 degrees only differs from that of 360 degrees when the dr3d:back-scale 20.75 attribute has a value different than 100% .</p>
<p>The dr3d:end-angle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:end-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>dr3d:horizontal-segments</h2>
<p>The dr3d:horizontal-segments attribute specifies the number of horizontal segments that are used to generate a geometry, if the geometry of a 3D object is generated during run-time. </p>
<p>Note: Typical consumers support values between 2 and 256.</p>
<p>The dr3d:horizontal-segments attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:horizontal-segments attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>dr3d:lighting-mode</h2>
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute specifies whether lighting is used for a three-dimensional object.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:lighting-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>double-sided: the front and back sides of all planes are displayed if they are visible from the viewer&#039;s perspective.</p></li>
<li><p>standard: Depending on the value of the dr3d:normals-direction 20.87 attribute, only the front or only the back side sides of the plane are displayed. The opposite sides are not displayed, whether they are visible from the viewer&#039;s perspective or not. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The dr3d:lighting-mode 19.99 attribute is also defined for non-3D object uses. </p>
<p>The dr3d:lighting-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:lighting-mode attribute are standard or double-sided.</p>
<h2>dr3d:normals-direction</h2>
<p>The dr3d:normals-direction attribute specifies which sides of a 3D object&#039;s planes are displayed if the dr3d:lighting-mode attribute has the value &#039;standard&#039;. </p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:normals-direction attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>inverse: only the back sides of planes are displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>normal: only the front sides of planes are displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The front side of the plane is the one the normal points away from. </p>
<p>The dr3d:normals-direction attribute has no effect if the dr3d:lighting-mode 20.86 attribute has the value double-sided.</p>
<p>The dr3d:normals-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:normals-direction attribute are normal or inverse.</p>
<h2>dr3d:normals-kind</h2>
<p>The dr3d:normals-kind attribute specifies the normal settings for generated lighting.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:normals-kind attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>flat: one normal per flat part.</p></li>
<li><p>object: apply object-specific normals.</p></li>
<li><p>sphere: normals behave as the object is a sphere.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:normals-kind attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:normals-kind attribute are object, flat or sphere.</p>
<h2>dr3d:shadow</h2>
<p>The dr3d:shadow attribute enables or disables a three-dimensional shadow for a three-dimensional object.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:shadow attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>hidden: three-dimensional shadow should not be shown for a three-dimensional object.</p></li>
<li><p>visible: three-dimensional shadow should be shown for a three-dimensional object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:shadow attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:shadow attribute are visible or hidden.</p>
<h2>dr3d:shininess</h2>
<p>The dr3d:shininess attribute specifies the shine of a material.</p>
<p>The dr3d:shininess attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:shininess attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>dr3d:specular-color</h2>
<p>The dr3d:specular-color attribute, along with dr3d:ambient-color 20.74, dr3d:diffuse-color 20.80, and dr3d:emissive-color 20.80 specifies the four colors that define the color of a material.</p>
<p>The dr3d:specular-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:specular-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>dr3d:texture-filter</h2>
<p>The dr3d:texture-filter attribute specifies whether texture filtering is enabled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:texture-filter attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>disabled: texture filtering should not be enabled.</p></li>
<li><p>enabled: texture filtering should be enabled.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:texture-filter attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:texture-filter attribute are enabled or disabled.</p>
<h2>dr3d:texture-kind</h2>
<p>The dr3d:texture-kind attribute specifies if texture changes the luminance, intensity, or color of a shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:texture-kind attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>color: color of a shape.</p></li>
<li><p>intensity: intensity of a shape.</p></li>
<li><p>luminance: luminance of a shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:texture-kind attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:texture-kind attribute are luminance, intensity or color.</p>
<h2>dr3d:texture-mode</h2>
<p>The dr3d:texture-mode attribute specifies how the texture is modulated. </p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:texture-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>blend: blends the texture blend color with the object color.</p></li>
<li><p>modulate: modulates the object color with the texture color.</p></li>
<li><p>replace: replaces the object color with the texture color.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:texture-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:texture-mode attribute are replace, modulate or blend.</p>
<h2>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x</h2>
<p>The dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x attribute, along with the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y 20.96 attribute, specifies how textual coordinates are generated. </p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>object: This value specifies that the standard object projection method is used.</p></li>
<li><p>parallel: This value specifies a flat parallel projection in the specified degree of freedom (X or Y).</p></li>
<li><p>sphere: This value forces projection to wrapping in X and/or Y direction.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x attribute are object, parallel or sphere.</p>
<h2>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y</h2>
<p>The dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y attribute, along with the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x 20.95 attribute, specifies how textual coordinates are generated. </p>
<p>The defined values for the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>object: This value specifies that the standard object projection method is used.</p></li>
<li><p>parallel: This value specifies a flat parallel projection in the specified degree of freedom (X or Y).</p></li>
<li><p>sphere: This value forces projection to wrapping in X and/or Y direction.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y attribute are object, parallel or sphere.</p>
<h2>dr3d:vertical-segments</h2>
<p>The dr3d:vertical-segments attribute specifies the number of vertical segments that are used to generate the geometry, if the geometry of a 3D object is generated during run-time. </p>
<p>Note: Typical consumers support values between 2 and 256.</p>
<p>The dr3d:vertical-segments attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The dr3d:vertical-segments attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:auto-grow-height</h2>
<p>The draw:auto-grow-height attributes specifies whether to automatically increase the height of the drawing object if text is added to the drawing object. This attribute is evaluated only for text boxes.</p>
<p>If both draw:auto-grow-width 20.99 and draw:auto-grow-height are present, a consumer should first grow the size of the drawing object in the dimension of the major text flow (width for horizontal writing, and height for vertical writing). Only after that size component is filled, a consumer should adjust the other dimension to fit the text content. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:auto-grow-height attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: height of a drawing object should not automatically increase if text is added to the drawing object.</p></li>
<li><p>true: height of a drawing object should automatically increase if text is added to the drawing object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:auto-grow-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:auto-grow-height attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:auto-grow-width</h2>
<p>The draw:auto-grow-width attribute specifies whether to automatically increase the width of the drawing object if text is added to the drawing object. This attribute is evaluated only for text boxes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:auto-grow-width attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: width of a drawing object should not automatically increase if text is added to the drawing object.</p></li>
<li><p>true: width of a drawing object should automatically increase if text is added to the drawing object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:auto-grow-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:auto-grow-width attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:background-size</h2>
<p>The draw:background-size attribute specifies whether the background of a page is rendered on a full page or only inside the borders of a page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:background-size attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>border: background should be rendered only inside borders of a page.</p></li>
<li><p>full: background should be rendered on a full page.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:background-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:background-size attribute are full or border.</p>
<h2>draw:blue</h2>
<p>The draw:blue attribute specifies together with the attributes draw:green 20.136 and draw:red 20.156 a non destructive filter for a linear transformation of the white balance of a pixel image. </p>
<p>If any of these three attributes is specified, an offset is applied to each pixel of an image while is it rendered. The offsets for each color channel is given as a percentage in the range of -100% to +100%. </p>
<p>These offsets is scaled to the range -2^bits to 2^bits, where bits is the number of bits reserved for each color channel within the image. If the resulting value is less than 0 it is set to 0 and if it is greater than the maximum possible value it is set to the maximum. </p>
<p>Note: For example, if the draw:blue attribute has the value 50% and the blue color channel has 8 bits, then 128 is added to the blue color value of each pixel inside the image before it is rendered. If draw:blue has the value -50% then 128 is subtracted. </p>
<p>The draw:blue attribute specifies the offset for the blue color channel. </p>
<p>The draw:blue attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:blue attribute has the data type signedZeroToHundredPercent 18.3.30.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-angle</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-angle attribute specifies the leaving angle of the line of a caption. It is evaluated only if the draw:caption-angle-type 20.103 attribute has the value fixed. </p>
<p>The draw:caption-angle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-angle-type</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-angle-type attribute specifies if the leaving angle of the line of a caption is fixed or free. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:caption-angle-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fixed: leaving angle of line from caption has been specified by a draw:caption-angle 20.102 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>free: consumer can choose the best possible leaving angle of the line from a caption.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:caption-angle-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:caption-angle-type attribute are fixed or free.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-escape</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-escape attribute specifies the point where a caption&#039;s connector is connected to the caption&#039;s text area, measured from the top left corner of the text area. The value can be an absolute length or a percentage.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-escape attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:caption-escape attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-escape-direction</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-escape-direction attribute specifies the leaving direction for the line of a caption. If this is set to auto the consumer can choose the best direction.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:caption-escape-direction attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: consumer should choose best leaving direction for a line of a caption.</p></li>
<li><p>horizontal: the leaving line of a caption should be drawn horizontally.</p></li>
<li><p>vertical: the leaving line of a caption should be drawn vertically.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:caption-escape-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:caption-escape-direction attribute are horizontal, vertical or auto.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-fit-line-length</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-fit-line-length attribute enables the consumer to determine the best possible length for a caption line.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:caption-fit-line-length attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: length for caption line is fixed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: consumer should determine the best possible length for a caption line.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:caption-fit-line-length attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-fit-line-length attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-gap</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-gap attribute specifies the distance between the text area of the caption and the start of the line.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-gap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-gap attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-line-length</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-line-length attribute specifies the length of the first line of a caption. The attribute is only evaluated if draw:caption-fit-line-length 20.106 has the value false.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-line-length attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:caption-line-length attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>draw:caption-type</h2>
<p>The draw:caption-type attribute specifies the geometry of the line of a caption. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:caption-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>angled-connector-line: a line in leaving direction is drawn, followed by a line to the caption point.</p></li>
<li><p>angled-line: a line is drawn to the caption point.</p></li>
<li><p>straight-line: a line perpendicular to the leaving direction is drawn to the caption point.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:caption-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:caption-type attribute are straight-line, angled-line or angled-connector-line.</p>
<h2>draw:color-inversion</h2>
<p>The draw:color-inversion attribute specifies whether the colors in the graphic shape should be inverted.</p>
<p>Note: Given a color &quot;#rrggbb&quot;, where rr, gg and bb are 8-bit hexadecimal digits, the inverted color is &quot;#RRGGBB&quot; where RR is the 8 bit hexadecimal number obtained as the difference of hexadecimal FF and rr, GG is the 8-bit hexadecimal number obtained as the difference of hexadecimal FF (=255) and gg, and BB is the 8 bit hexadecimal number obtained as the difference of hexadecimal FF (=255) and bb. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:color-inversion attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: colors in a graphic shape should not be inverted.</p></li>
<li><p>true: colors in a graphic shape should be inverted.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:color-inversion attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:color-inversion attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:color-mode</h2>
<p>The draw:color-mode attribute sets the output of colors from a source bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:color-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>greyscale: image is displayed using intensity only.</p></li>
<li><p>mono: image is displayed in black and white.</p></li>
<li><p>standard: image is displayed without modification by the draw:color-mode attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>watermark: colors are modified to make the resulting image transparent.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:color-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:color-mode attribute are greyscale, mono, watermark or standard.</p>
<h2>draw:contrast</h2>
<p>The draw:contrast attribute specifies a signed percentage value that sets the output contrast of a bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<p>The draw:contrast attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:contrast attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:decimal-places</h2>
<p>The draw:decimal-places attribute specifies the number of decimal places that are used for the measure text.</p>
<p>The draw:decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:decimal-places attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:draw-aspect</h2>
<p>The draw:draw-aspect attribute specifies the display embedded objects. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:draw-aspect attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>content: Specifies an object is displayed as an embedded object inside a frame.</p></li>
<li><p>icon: Specifies an icon to display.</p></li>
<li><p>print-view: Specifies an object is displayed as in a print preview.</p></li>
<li><p>thumbnail: Specifies a thumbnail of an object is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:draw-aspect attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:draw-aspect attribute are content, thumbnail, icon or print-view.</p>
<h2>draw:end-guide</h2>
<p>The draw:end-guide attribute specifies a length that is added to the length of the end extension line. The extension line is extended by this length towards the end reference point.</p>
<p>The draw:end-guide attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:end-guide attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal</h2>
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal attribute increments the length of the leaving line from the end shape. For line connectors, it specifies the absolute length of the leaving line from the end shape. For other connector types, it is ignored. </p>
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<h2>draw:end-line-spacing-vertical</h2>
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-vertical attribute increments the length of the leaving line from the end shape. For line connectors, it specifies the absolute length of the leaving line from the end shape. For other connector types, it is ignored. </p>
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:end-line-spacing-vertical attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<h2>draw:fill</h2>
<p>The draw:fill attribute specifies the fill style for a graphic object. Graphic objects that are not closed will not be filled. </p>
<p>Note: A path without a closepath at the end is open and will not be filled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:fill attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>bitmap: the drawing object is filled with the bitmap specified by the draw:fill-image-name 20.124 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>gradient: the drawing object is filled with the gradient specified by the draw:fill-gradient-name 20.120 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>hatch: the drawing object is filled with the hatch specified by the draw:fill-hatch-name 20.121 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>none: the drawing object is not filled.</p></li>
<li><p>solid: the drawing object is filled with the color specified by the draw:fill-color 20.119 attribute.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:fill attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:fill attribute are none, solid, bitmap, gradient or hatch.</p>
<h2>draw:fill-color</h2>
<p>The draw:fill-color attribute specifies the color of the fill for a graphic object. It is used only if the draw:fill 20.118 attribute has one of the values solid or hatch.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-color attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>draw:fill-gradient-name</h2>
<p>The draw:fill-gradient-name attribute specifies a gradient style that is used for filling graphic objects. It is used only if the draw:fill 20.118 attribute has the value gradient.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-gradient-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-gradient-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>draw:fill-hatch-name</h2>
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-name attribute specifies a hatch style that is used for filling. It is used only if the draw:fill 20.118 attribute has the value hatch. </p>
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>draw:fill-hatch-solid</h2>
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-solid attribute specifies whether the background of a hatch filling is solid or transparent.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:fill-hatch-solid attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: background of a hatch filling should be transparent.</p></li>
<li><p>true: background of a hatch filling is filled with the color specified by the draw:fill-color 20.119 attribute.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-solid attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-hatch-solid attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:fill-image-height</h2>
<p>The draw:fill-image-height attribute overrides the logical height of a source image that is used for filling. If the value of the style:repeat 20.341 attribute is stretch, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-image-height attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:fill-image-height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:fill-image-name</h2>
<p>The draw:fill-image-name attribute specifies a fill image that is used for filling. It is used only if the draw:fill 20.118 attribute has the value bitmap. </p>
<p>The draw:fill-image-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-image-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>draw:fill-image-ref-point</h2>
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point attribute specifies an alignment of an image in the filling area. </p>
<p>If an alignment (draw:fill-image-ref-point) and a movement (draw:fill-image-ref-point-x 20.126, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y 20.127) are specified at the same time, the image first is aligned and then moved.</p>
<p>This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current style:repeat 20.341 attribute is repeat.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:fill-image-ref-point attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>bottom: image aligned with the bottom of the filling area.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom-left: image aligned with the bottom-left of the filling area.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom-right: image aligned with the bottom-right of the filling area.</p></li>
<li><p>center: image aligned with the center of the filling area.</p></li>
<li><p>left: image aligned with the left of the filling area.</p></li>
<li><p>right: image aligned with the right of the filling area.</p></li>
<li><p>top: image aligned with the top of the filling area.</p></li>
<li><p>top-left: image aligned with the top-left of the filling area.</p></li>
<li><p>top-right: image aligned with the top-right of the filling area.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:fill-image-ref-point attribute are top-left, top, top-right, left, center, right, bottom-left, bottom or bottom-right.</p>
<h2>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x</h2>
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-x attribute specifies the horizontal movement of an image as a percentage value, where the percentage value is relative to the image width. </p>
<p>If an alignment (draw:fill-image-ref-point 20.125) and a movement (draw:fill-image-ref-point-x, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y 20.127) is specified at the same time, the image first is aligned and then moved.</p>
<p>This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current style:repeat 20.341 attribute is repeat.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-x attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-x attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y</h2>
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-y attribute specifies the vertical movement of an image as a percentage value, where the percentage value is relative to the image width. </p>
<p>If an alignment (draw:fill-image-ref-point 20.125) and a movement (draw:fill-image-ref-point-x 20.126, draw:fill-image-ref-point-y) is specified at the same time, the image first is aligned and then moved.</p>
<p>This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current style:repeat 20.341 attribute is repeat.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-y attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-image-ref-point-y attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:fill-image-width</h2>
<p>The draw:fill-image-width attribute overrides the logical width of a source image that is used for filling. If the value of the style:repeat 20.341 attribute is stretch, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>The draw:fill-image-width attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:fill-image-width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:fit-to-contour</h2>
<p>The draw:fit-to-contour attribute specifies whether to stretch the text content of a drawing object to fill the contour of an object. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:fit-to-contour attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text content should not be stretched to fill the contour of an object.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text content should be stretched to fill the contour of an object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:fit-to-contour attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:fit-to-contour attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:fit-to-size</h2>
<p>The draw:fit-to-size attribute specifies whether to stretch the text content of a drawing object to fill an entire object. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:fit-to-size attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text content should not be stretched to fill an entire object.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text content should be stretched to fill an entire object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:fit-to-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:fit-to-size attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:frame-display-border</h2>
<p>The draw:frame-display-border attribute specifies whether a border is displayed on a floating frame. This attribute can be used with automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:frame-display-border attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a border should not be displayed on a floating frame.</p></li>
<li><p>true: a border should be displayed on a floating frame.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:frame-display-border attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:frame-display-border attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:frame-margin-horizontal</h2>
<p>The draw:frame-margin-horizontal attribute specifies the horizontal margin between the border and the content of the floating frame. If this attribute is not specified, the default margin is used. This attribute can be used with automatic styles only. The value of this attribute shall be a length in pixels.</p>
<p>The draw:frame-margin-horizontal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:frame-margin-horizontal attribute has the data type nonNegativePixelLength 18.3.21.</p>
<h2>draw:frame-display-scrollbar</h2>
<p>The draw:frame-display-scrollbar attribute specifies whether vertical and horizontal scrollbars are displayed. This attribute can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:frame-display-scrollbar attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: vertical and horizontal scrollbars should not be displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: vertical and horizontal scrollbars should be displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:frame-display-scrollbar attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:frame-display-scrollbar attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:frame-margin-vertical</h2>
<p>The draw:frame-margin-vertical attribute specifies the vertical margin between the border and the content of the floating frame. If this attribute is not specified, the default margin is used. This attribute can be used with automatic styles only. The value of this attribute shall be a length in pixels.</p>
<p>The draw:frame-margin-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:frame-margin-vertical attribute has the data type nonNegativePixelLength 18.3.21.</p>
<h2>draw:gamma</h2>
<p>The draw:gamma attribute specifies a value that sets the output gamma of a bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<p>The draw:gamma attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:gamma attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>draw:green</h2>
<p>The draw:green attribute specifies together with the attributes draw:blue 20.101 and draw:red 20.156 a non destructive filter for a linear transformation of the white balance of a pixel image.</p>
<p>The draw:green attribute specifies the offset for the green color channel. </p>
<p>The draw:green attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:green attribute has the data type signedZeroToHundredPercent 18.3.30.</p>
<h2>draw:gradient-step-count</h2>
<p>The draw:gradient-step-count attribute specifies the gradient step count of a color interpolation. </p>
<ul>
<li><ul>
<li><p>Value 0 means that the step count is automatically calculated on the size and resolution of the filled area.</p></li>
<li><p>Values 1 and 2 shall not be used.</p></li>
<li><p>Values of 3 or greater mean that the step count is that fixed value.</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>A gradient step count of color interpolation may be above 256.</p>
<p>The draw:gradient-step-count attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:gradient-step-count attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:guide-distance</h2>
<p>The draw:guide-distance attribute specifies the distance between the reference points and the start point of extension lines.</p>
<p>Note: This distance may be further modified for the start and end extensions lines individually with the draw:start-guide 20.164 and draw:end-guide 20.115 attributes.</p>
<p>The draw:guide-distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:guide-distance attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<h2>draw:guide-overhang</h2>
<p>The draw:guide-overhang attribute specifies the length of extension lines after their intersection with a dimension line.</p>
<p>The draw:guide-overhang attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:guide-overhang attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>draw:image-opacity</h2>
<p>The draw:image-opacity attribute specifies the opacity of an image. </p>
<p>The draw:image-opacity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:image-opacity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:line-distance</h2>
<p>The draw:line-distance attribute specifies the distance between a reference line (as defined by the reference points) and a dimension line. </p>
<p>The draw:line-distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:line-distance attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<h2>draw:luminance</h2>
<p>The draw:luminance attribute specifies a signed percentage value that sets the output luminance of a bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<p>The draw:luminance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:luminance attribute has the data type signedZeroToHundredPercent 18.3.30.</p>
<h2>draw:marker-end</h2>
<p>The draw:marker-end attribute specifies a stroke end marker, which is a path that can be connected to the end of a stroke.</p>
<p>The draw:marker-end attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:marker-end attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>draw:marker-end-center</h2>
<p>The draw:marker-end-center attribute specifies whether an end marker is centered at the end of a stroke.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:marker-end-center attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: an end marker should not be centered at the end of a stroke.</p></li>
<li><p>true: an end marker should be centered at the end of a stroke.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:marker-end-center attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:marker-end-center attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:marker-end-width</h2>
<p>The draw:marker-end-width attribute specifies the width of the marker at the end of a stroke.</p>
<p>The draw:marker-end-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:marker-end-width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>draw:marker-start</h2>
<p>The draw:marker-start attribute specifies a stroke start marker, which is a path that can be connected to the start of a stroke.</p>
<p>The draw:marker-start attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:marker-start attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>draw:marker-start-center</h2>
<p>The draw:marker-start-center attribute specifies whether a start marker is centered at the start of a stroke.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:marker-start-center attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a start marker should not be centered at the start of a stroke.</p></li>
<li><p>true: a start marker should be centered at the start of a stroke.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:marker-start-center attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:marker-start-center attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:marker-start-width</h2>
<p>The draw:marker-start-width attribute specifies the width of the marker at the start of a stroke.</p>
<p>The draw:marker-start-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:marker-start-width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>draw:measure-align</h2>
<p>The draw:measure-align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of a measure text relative to its measure line.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:measure-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>automatic: horizontal alignment of a measure text relative to its measure line is chosen by the consumer.</p></li>
<li><p>inside: horizontal alignment of a measure text should be inside relative to its measure line.</p></li>
<li><p>left-outside: horizontal alignment of a measure text should be left-outside relative to its measure line.</p></li>
<li><p>right-outside: horizontal alignment of a measure text should be right-outside relative to its measure line.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:measure-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:measure-align attribute are automatic, left-outside, inside or right-outside.</p>
<h2>draw:measure-vertical-align</h2>
<p>The draw:measure-vertical-align attribute specifies the vertical alignment of a measure text relative to its measure line. If the value of this attribute is automatic, the consumer chooses the best position.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:measure-vertical-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>above: vertical alignment of a measure text should be above relative to its measure line.</p></li>
<li><p>automatic: vertical alignment of a measure text relative to its measure line is chosen by the consumer.</p></li>
<li><p>below: vertical alignment of a measure text should be below relative to its measure line.</p></li>
<li><p>center: vertical alignment of a measure text should be centered relative to its measure line.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:measure-vertical-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:measure-vertical-align attribute are automatic, above, below or center.</p>
<h2>draw:ole-draw-aspect (deprecated) </h2>
<p>The draw:ole-draw-aspect attribute specifies the display of embedded objects. See [OLE]. </p>
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The draw:draw-aspect 20.114 attribute should be used instead.</p>
<p>The draw:ole-draw-aspect attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:ole-draw-aspect attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>draw:opacity</h2>
<p>The draw:opacity attribute specifies the opacity for an image or graphic object. The value is a percentage, where 0% is transparent and 100% is opaque.</p>
<p>The defined value range for the draw:opacity attribute is 0% to 100%, inclusive. </p>
<p>Use of the draw:opacity attribute disables any transparency effect and set the opacity for the fill area of a graphic object.</p>
<p>The draw:opacity attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:opacity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:opacity-name</h2>
<p>The draw:opacity-name attribute specifies an opacity gradient that defines the opacity for the fill area of a graphic object. When applying an opacity gradient, the opacity is interpolated as defined in the referenced opacity gradient style. Opacity is applied after other fill styles have been applied to an image or graphic object.</p>
<p>The value of this attribute overrides the draw:opacity 20.152 attribute.</p>
<p>The draw:opacity-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:opacity-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>draw:parallel</h2>
<p>The draw:parallel attribute specifies whether a measure text is displayed parallel to its measure line or perpendicular to it.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:parallel attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: measure text is displayed perpendicular to its measure line.</p></li>
<li><p>true: measure text is displayed parallel to its measure line.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:parallel attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:parallel attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:placing</h2>
<p>The draw:placing attribute specifies whether the measure line is rendered below or above the edge defined by the two reference points. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:placing attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>above: measure line is rendered above the edge defined by two reference points.</p></li>
<li><p>below: measure line is rendered below the edge defined by two reference points.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:placing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:placing attribute are below or above.</p>
<h2>draw:red</h2>
<p>The draw:red attribute specifies together with the attributes draw:blue 20.101 and draw:green 20.136 a non destructive filter for a linear transformation of the white balance of a pixel image. </p>
<p>The draw:red attribute specifies the offset for the red color channel. </p>
<p>The draw:red attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:red attribute has the data type signedZeroToHundredPercent 18.3.30.</p>
<h2>draw:secondary-fill-color</h2>
<p>The draw:secondary-fill-color attribute specifies a secondary fill color. It may be used as fill color for the extrusion.</p>
<p>The draw:secondary-fill-color attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:secondary-fill-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>draw:shadow</h2>
<p>The draw:shadow attribute enables or disables the visibility of a shadow.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:shadow attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>hidden: a shadow should not be visible.</p></li>
<li><p>visible: a shadow should be visible.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:shadow attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:shadow attribute are visible or hidden.</p>
<h2>draw:shadow-color</h2>
<p>The draw:shadow-color attribute specifies the color in which a shadow is rendered.</p>
<p>The draw:shadow-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:shadow-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>draw:shadow-offset-x</h2>
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-x attribute along with the draw:shadow-offset-y 20.161 attribute are used to render a shadow. </p>
<p>A copy of the shape is rendered in the single shadow color (specified by draw:shadow-color 20.159) behind the shape. The offset attributes specify the offset between the top left edge of the shape and the top left edge of the border.</p>
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-x attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>draw:shadow-offset-y</h2>
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-y attribute along with the draw:shadow-offset-x 20.160 attribute are used to render a shadow. </p>
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:shadow-offset-y attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>draw:shadow-opacity</h2>
<p>The draw:shadow-opacity attribute specifies the opacity in which the shadow is rendered. </p>
<p>The draw:shadow-opacity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:shadow-opacity attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>draw:show-unit</h2>
<p>The draw:show-unit attribute specifies the visibility of a unit in the textual presentation of a measure shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:show-unit attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: units should not be visible in the textual presentation of a measure shape.</p></li>
<li><p>true: units should be visible in the textual presentation of a measure shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:show-unit attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:show-unit attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>draw:start-guide</h2>
<p>The draw:start-guide attribute specifies a length that is added to the length of a start extension line. The extension line is extended by this length towards the start reference point. </p>
<p>The draw:start-guide attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:start-guide attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal</h2>
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal attribute increments the length of the leaving line from the start shape for standard connectors. For lines connectors, these attributes specify the absolute length of the leaving line from the start shape. For other connector types, they are ignored.</p>
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<h2>draw:start-line-spacing-vertical</h2>
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-vertical attribute increments the length of the leaving line from the start shape for standard connectors. For lines connectors, these attributes specify the absolute length of the leaving line from the start shape. For other connector types, they are ignored.</p>
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:start-line-spacing-vertical attribute has the data type distance 18.3.15.</p>
<h2>draw:stroke</h2>
<p>The draw:stroke attribute specifies the style of the stroke on the current object. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:stroke attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>dash: stroke referenced by a draw:stroke-dash 20.168 attribute of a style on the object is drawn.</p></li>
<li><p>none: no stroke is drawn.</p></li>
<li><p>solid: solid stroke is drawn.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:stroke attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:stroke attribute are none, dash or solid.</p>
<h2>draw:stroke-dash</h2>
<p>The draw:stroke-dash attribute specifies the dash style that is used for a stroke.</p>
<p>The draw:stroke-dash attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:stroke-dash attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>draw:stroke-dash-names</h2>
<p>The draw:stroke-dash-names attribute specifies a list of dash styles that are used for the stroke in addition to the dash specified by the draw:stroke-dash 20.168 attribute.</p>
<p>For each dash style referenced by the attribute a stroke using that dash style is drawn on top of the already drawn strokes. </p>
<p>The draw:stroke-dash-names attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:stroke-dash-names attribute has the data type styleNameRefs 18.3.33.</p>
<h2>draw:stroke-linejoin</h2>
<p>The draw:stroke-linejoin attribute specifies the shape at the corners of paths or other vector shapes when they are stroked. </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:stroke-linejoin attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>bevel: See §11.4 of [SVG].</p></li>
<li><p>middle: mean value between joins is used (deprecated)</p></li>
<li><p>miter: See §11.4 of [SVG].</p></li>
<li><p>none: no shape specified.</p></li>
<li><p>round: See §11.4 of [SVG].</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:stroke-linejoin attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:stroke-linejoin attribute are miter, round, bevel, middle or none.</p>
<h2>svg:stroke-linecap</h2>
<p>The svg:stroke-linecap attribute specifies the shape of the end of open subpaths when they are stroked. </p>
<p>For a dashed line, caps are applied to each dash. The values of the draw:dots1-length 19.136, draw:dots2-length 19.138 and draw:distance 19.134 attributes of the referenced &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 20.168 element refer to the dashes without cap.</p>
<p>If the referenced &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; element has an attribute draw:style 19.218, the attribute draw:style is ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the svg:stroke-linecap attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>butt: See §11.4 of [SVG].</p></li>
<li><p>round: See §11.4 of [SVG].</p></li>
<li><p>square: See §11.4 of [SVG].</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The svg:stroke-linecap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:stroke-linecap attribute are butt, square or round.</p>
<h2>draw:symbol-color</h2>
<p>The draw:symbol-color attribute defines the color to be used to draw symbols contained on the drawing object.</p>
<p>The draw:symbol-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:symbol-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>draw:textarea-horizontal-align</h2>
<p>The draw:textarea-horizontal-align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of the text area inside a shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:textarea-horizontal-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>center: text area is centered horizontally inside a shape. </p></li>
<li><p>justify: text area is justified horizontally inside a shape. </p></li>
<li><p>left: text area is left aligned horizontally inside a shape. </p></li>
<li><p>right: text area is right aligned horizontally inside a shape. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:textarea-horizontal-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:textarea-horizontal-align attribute are left, center, right or justify.</p>
<h2>draw:textarea-vertical-align</h2>
<p>The draw:textarea-vertical-align attribute specifies the vertical alignment of the text area inside a shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:textarea-vertical-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>bottom: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should start at the bottom of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>justify: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should be justified.</p></li>
<li><p>middle: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should start at the middle of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>top: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should start at the top of the shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:textarea-vertical-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:textarea-vertical-align attribute are top, middle, bottom or justify.</p>
<h2>draw:tile-repeat-offset</h2>
<p>The draw:tile-repeat-offset attribute specifies for tiling the translation of each tile in relation to the previous tile. This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current style:repeat 20.341 attribute is repeat. The value of this attribute is a percentage value representing the tiles repeat offset relative to the tiles height or width, followed by either the word horizontal or vertical.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:tile-repeat-offset attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>horizontal: images are tiled horizontally with regard to the previous tile.</p></li>
<li><p>vertical: images are tiled vertically with regard to the previous tile.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:tile-repeat-offset attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:tile-repeat-offset attribute has two white space separated values. The first value is of type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41. The second value is one of: horizontal or vertical.</p>
<h2>draw:visible-area-height</h2>
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the draw:visible-area-height attribute along with the draw:visible-area-left 20.177, draw:visible-area-top 20.178, draw:visible-area-width 20.179 attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the draw:visible-area-left and draw:visible-area-top attributes are 0 and the draw:visible-area-width and draw:visible-area-height attributes specify the size of the object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The draw:visible-area-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:visible-area-height attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>draw:visible-area-left</h2>
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the draw:visible-area-left attribute along with the draw:visible-area-height 20.176, draw:visible-area-top 20.178, draw:visible-area-width 20.179 attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the draw:visible-area-left and draw:visible-area-top attributes are 0 and the draw:visible-area-width and draw:visible-area-height attributes specify the size of the object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The draw:visible-area-left attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:visible-area-left attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>draw:visible-area-top</h2>
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the draw:visible-area-top attribute along with the draw:visible-area-left 20.177, draw:visible-area-height 20.176, draw:visible-area-width 20.179 attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the draw:visible-area-left and draw:visible-area-top attributes are 0 and the draw:visible-area-width and draw:visible-area-height attributes specify the size of the object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The draw:visible-area-top attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:visible-area-top attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>draw:visible-area-width</h2>
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the draw:visible-area-width attribute along with the draw:visible-area-left 20.177, draw:visible-area-top 20.178, draw:visible-area-height 20.176 attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the draw:visible-area-left and draw:visible-area-top attributes are 0 and the draw:visible-area-width and draw:visible-area-height attributes specify the size of the object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The draw:visible-area-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The draw:visible-area-width attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>draw:unit</h2>
<p>The draw:unit attribute specifies the unit of measurement used in the textual presentation of a measure shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:unit attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>automatic: unit of measurement chosen by consumer. </p></li>
<li><p>mm: millimeter.</p></li>
<li><p>cm: centimeter.</p></li>
<li><p>m: meter</p></li>
<li><p>km: kilometer.</p></li>
<li><p>pt: point.</p></li>
<li><p>pc: pica.</p></li>
<li><p>inch: inch.</p></li>
<li><p>ft: foot.</p></li>
<li><p>mi: mile.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:unit attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:unit attribute are automatic, mm, cm, m, km, pt, pc, inch, ft or mi.</p>
<h2>draw:wrap-influence-on-position</h2>
<p>The draw:wrap-influence-on-position attribute specifies placement options for two or more frames or graphic objects with style:wrap 20.400 properties that influence the placement of the other object. It is intended as a hint to the layout algorithm to help determine the placement of frames in cases where several correct placements are possible.</p>
<p>The situation in which this attribute makes a difference is when the anchor, position and wrapping mode of a frame influence each other. For example, consider a paragraph of text with two images positioned above the anchor. Without wrapping, the images overlie the text and can simply be placed at the given offset from the anchor.</p>
<p>  <img src="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1131" data-pandoc-media-sha1="6e1d06e7d35198a02549f5ecfb0c9546b9296b5e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="455d0b7b9d05512a8fb5fa571894da47284ed317" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /> Figure 2 - Image positions without wrapping  </p>
<p>If wrap-around is enabled, the text hidden behind the images now should flow around the images, making the first paragraph use more space than previously. This moves the anchor position further down. If the placement is only done once and concurrently for all objects, this is the final result. This corresponds to the option once-concurrent.</p>
<p>  <img src="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1190" data-pandoc-media-sha1="45fff8a4ca5aa00f997bcdfb3e89327d05b8b81a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="5b491147356b800874ec0c33b25d34ed2fd2ef2c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /> Figure 3 - Image positions for “once-concurrently”  </p>
<p>If one image is processed at a time, the position shown Figure 5 results. This corresponds to the option once-successive.</p>
<p>  <img src="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1211" data-pandoc-media-sha1="201e06e6e41675e035530b01f8518002b4ac9176" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="f668aab6bc718db6fbc44871e9de067af533a049" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /> Figure 4 - Image positions for “once-successive”  </p>
<p>If the images are placed iteratively, until a position is found which corresponds to the given offset from the anchor, a placement that fully satisfies all the given layout formatting properties can be achieved. This corresponds to the option iterative.</p>
<p>  <img src="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="1202" data-pandoc-media-sha1="81cd994d495489dbf21f58319b323b1c1cd65e69" data-pandoc-media-source-path="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="3fae50dfd0057cb4219925094136182bff6fd933" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /> Figure 5 - Image positions for iterative  </p>
<p>The defined values for the draw:wrap-influence-on-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>iterative: images are placed iteratively until all specified layout formatting properties are satisfied.</p></li>
<li><p>once-concurrent: images are aligned with one another.</p></li>
<li><p>once-successive: subsequent image is placed after the preceding image.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The draw:wrap-influence-on-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the draw:wrap-influence-on-position attribute are iterative, once-concurrent or once-successive.</p>
<h2>fo:background-color</h2>
<p>The fo:background-color attribute specifies a background color for characters, paragraphs, text sections, frames, page bodies, headers, footers, table cells, table rows and tables. This can be transparent or a color. If the value is set to transparent, it switches off any background image that is specified by a &lt;style:background-image&gt; 17.3.</p>
<p>If a value for a draw:fill attribute is provided in a style, any background image that is specified by a &lt;style:background-image&gt; element and any background color that is specified with the fo:background-color attribute are switched off. </p>
<p>The fo:background-color attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11, &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15, &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:background-color attribute are transparent or a value of type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>fo Border Properties</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The fo:border, fo:border-top, fo:border-bottom, fo:border-left and fo:border-right attributes specify border properties for these elements:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</p></li>
<li><p>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</p></li>
</ul>
<h3>fo:border</h3>
<p>See §7.29.3 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:border attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The fo:border attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>fo:border-bottom</h3>
<p>See §7.29.4 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:border-bottom attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The fo:border-bottom attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>fo:border-left</h3>
<p>See §7.29.6 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:border-left attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The fo:border-left attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>fo:border-right</h3>
<p>See §7.29.7 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:border-right attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The fo:border-right attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h3>fo:border-top</h3>
<p>See §7.29.10 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:border-top attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The fo:border-top attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>fo:break-after</h2>
<p>See §7.19.1 of [XSL]. The values odd-page and even-page are not supported.</p>
<p>This attribute shall not be used at the same time as fo:break-before.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:break-after attribute does not support even-page, inherit and odd-page values. </p>
<p>The fo:break-after attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15 and &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:break-after attribute are auto, column or page.</p>
<h2>fo:break-before</h2>
<p>See §7.19.2 of [XSL]. The values odd-page and even-page are not supported.</p>
<p>This attribute shall not be used at the same time as fo:break-after.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:break-before attribute does not support even-page, inherit and odd-page values. </p>
<p>The fo:break-before attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16, &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15 and &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:break-before attribute are auto, column or page.</p>
<h2>fo:clip</h2>
<p>See §7.20.1 of [XSL].</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:clip attribute does not support em and px values. </p>
<p>The defined value for the fo:clip attribute is a value of type clipShape 18.3.8.</p>
<p>The fo:clip attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:clip attribute are auto or a value of type clipShape 18.3.8.</p>
<h2>fo:color</h2>
<p>See §7.17.1 of [XSL].</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:color attribute does not support the inherit value. </p>
<p>The fo:color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The fo:color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>fo:country</h2>
<p>See §7.9.1 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] characters whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a fo:language 20.202 attribute.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:country attribute does not support none or inherit values. </p>
<p>The fo:country attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The fo:country attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<h2>fo:font-family</h2>
<p>See §7.8.2 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:font-family attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name 20.277 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The fo:font-family attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The fo:font-family attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>fo:font-size</h2>
<p>See §7.8.4 of [XSL].</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>The value of this attribute is either an absolute length or a percentage as described in §7.8.4 of [XSL]. In contrast to XSL, percentage values can be used within common styles only and are based on the font height of the parent style rather than to the font height of the attributes neighborhood. Absolute font heights and relative font heights are not supported.</p>
<p>Note: The style:font-size-asian attribute (20.284) is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose type is asian. 20.358 The style:font-size-complex attribute (20.285) is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:font-size attribute does not support absolute-size, inherit and relative-size values. </p>
<p>The fo:font-size attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:font-size attribute are a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:font-style</h2>
<p>See §7.8.7 of [XSL].</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:font-style attribute does not support backslant and inherit values.</p>
<p>The fo:font-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:font-style attribute are normal, italic or oblique.</p>
<h2>fo:font-variant</h2>
<p>See §7.8.8 of [XSL].</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:font-variant attribute does not support the inherit value.</p>
<p>The fo:font-variant attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:font-variant attribute are normal or small-caps.</p>
<h2>fo:font-weight</h2>
<p>See §7.8.9 of [XSL].</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:font-weight attribute does not support bolder, inherit and lighter values.</p>
<p>The fo:font-weight attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:font-weight attribute are normal, bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<h2>fo:height</h2>
<p>See §7.14.4 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:height attribute is used with fo:width 20.229 to set the size of a bullet image. </p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:height attribute does not support auto, inherit and percentage values. </p>
<p>The fo:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The fo:height attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>fo:hyphenate</h2>
<p>See §7.9.4 of [XSL].</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:hyphenate attribute does not support the inherit value. </p>
<p>The fo:hyphenate attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The fo:hyphenate attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>fo:hyphenation-keep</h2>
<p>See §7.15.1 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:hyphenation-keep attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:hyphenation-keep attribute are auto or page.</p>
<h2>fo:hyphenation-ladder-count</h2>
<p>See §7.15.2 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The defined values for the fo:hyphenation-ladder-count attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>no-limit:</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveInteger</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The fo:hyphenation-ladder-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:hyphenation-ladder-count attribute are no-limit or a value of type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>fo:hyphenation-push-char-count</h2>
<p>See §7.9.6 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:hyphenation-push-char-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The fo:hyphenation-push-char-count attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count</h2>
<p>See §7.9.7 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>fo:keep-together</h2>
<p>See §7.19.3 of [XSL].</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:keep-together attribute does not support the integer value.</p>
<p>The fo:keep-together attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:keep-together attribute are auto or always.</p>
<h2>fo:keep-with-next</h2>
<p>See §7.19.4 of [XSL].</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:keep-with-next attribute does not support the integer value.</p>
<p>The fo:keep-with-next attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:keep-with-next attribute are auto or always.</p>
<h2>fo:language</h2>
<p>See §7.9.2 of [XSL]. Compared to the XSL language attribute, the value range of this attribute is extended to additional parts of ISO 639. See 18.3.17.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a fo:country 20.188 attribute.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:language attribute does not support the inherit and none values.</p>
<p>The fo:language attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The fo:language attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<h2>fo:letter-spacing</h2>
<p>See §7.16.2 of [XSL].</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:letter-spacing attribute does not support the inherit and space values.</p>
<p>The defined value for the fo:letter-spacing attribute is a value of type length 18.3.18.</p>
<p>The fo:letter-spacing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:letter-spacing attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or normal.</p>
<h2>fo:line-height</h2>
<p> See §7.15.4 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The value normal activates the default line height calculation. The value of this attribute can be a length, a percentage, normal.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:line-height attribute does not support the inherit, number, and space values.</p>
<p>The defined values for the fo:line-height attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>a value of type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20</p></li>
<li><p>normal: disables the effects of style:line-height-at-least 20.317 and style:line-spacing 20.318. </p></li>
<li><p>a value of type percent 18.3.23</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The fo:line-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:line-height attribute are normal, a value of type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:margin</h2>
<p>See §7.29.14 of [XSL].</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:margin attribute does not support auto and inherit values.</p>
<p>The fo:margin attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:margin attribute are a value of type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:margin-bottom</h2>
<p>See §7.10.2 of [XSL].</p>
<p>If this attribute is contained in a &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element, its value may be a percentage that refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:margin-bottom attribute does not support the auto and inherit values.</p>
<p>The fo:margin-bottom attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:margin-bottom attribute are a value of type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:margin-left</h2>
<p>See §7.10.3 of [XSL].</p>
<p>If this attribute is contained in a &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element, its value may be a percentage that refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<p>Tables that align to the left or to the center ignore right margins, and tables that align to the right or to the center ignore left margins.</p>
<p>The fo:margin-left attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:margin-left attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:margin-right</h2>
<p>See §7.10.4 of [XSL].</p>
<p>If this attribute is contained in a &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element, its value may be a percentage that refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<p>Tables that align to the left or to the center ignore right margins, and tables that align to the right or to the center ignore left margins.</p>
<p>The fo:margin-right attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:margin-right attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:margin-top</h2>
<p>See §7.10.1 of [XSL].</p>
<p>If this attribute is contained in a &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element, its value may be a percentage that refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:margin-top attribute does not support the inherit value.</p>
<p>The fo:margin-top attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:margin-top attribute are a value of type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:max-height</h2>
<p>The fo:max-height attribute specifies a default maximum height for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See 19.238.</p>
<p>The fo:max-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:max-height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:max-width</h2>
<p>The fo:max-width attribute specifies a default maximum width for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See 19.239.</p>
<p>The fo:max-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:max-width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:min-height</h2>
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The fo:min-height attribute specifies a default minimum height for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See 19.240.</p>
<p>The fo:min-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:min-height attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The fo:min-height attribute specifies a minimum height for a header or footer.</p>
<p>The fo:min-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5.</p>
<p>The fo:min-height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>fo:min-width</h2>
<p>The fo:min-width attribute specifies a default minimum width for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See 19.241.</p>
<p>The fo:min-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:min-width attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:orphans</h2>
<p>See §7.19.6 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:orphans attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The fo:orphans attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>fo:page-height</h2>
<p>See §7.25.13 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:page-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The fo:page-height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>fo:page-width</h2>
<p>See §7.25.15 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:page-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The fo:page-width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>fo:padding</h2>
<p>See §7.29.15 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:padding attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The fo:padding attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>fo:padding-bottom</h2>
<p>See §7.7.36 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:padding-bottom attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The fo:padding-bottom attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>fo:padding-left</h2>
<p>See §7.7.37 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:padding-left attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The fo:padding-left attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>fo:padding-right</h2>
<p>See §7.7.38 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:padding-right attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The fo:padding-right attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>fo:padding-top</h2>
<p>See §7.7.35 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:padding-top attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The fo:padding-top attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>fo:script</h2>
<p>See §7.9.3 of [XSL]. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>The attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a fo:language 20.202 attribute.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:script attribute does not support the inherit or none values.</p>
<p>The fo:script attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The fo:script attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<h2>fo:text-align</h2>
<p>See §7.15.9 of [XSL].</p>
<p>If there are no values specified for the fo:text-align and style:justify-single-word 20.301 attributes within the same formatting properties element, the values of those attributes is set to start and false respectively.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:text-align attribute does not support the inherit, inside, outside, or string values.</p>
<p>The fo:text-align attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19 and &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:text-align attribute are start, end, left, right, center or justify.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The fo:text-align attribute when used with the &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element specifies the alignment of text in a paragraph. </p>
<p>The values of start and end are interpreted according to the writing direction of the text.</p>
<p>The fo:text-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:text-align attribute are start, end, left, right, center or justify.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The fo:text-align attribute when used with the &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.20 element specifies the alignment of list labels. </p>
<p>If the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode 20.431 attribute on the same &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element has the value label-width-and-position, the fo:text-align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of the list label within the width specified by the text:min-label-width 20.433 attribute. If the actual width of the list label is greater than the specified minimum width no alignment takes place.</p>
<p>If the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute on the same &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; element has the value label-alignment, the value of the text:min-label-width attribute is treated as 0 and the fo:text-align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of the list label at the alignment position. The alignment position is specified by the fo:margin-left 20.207 and fo:text-indent 20.225 attributes of its child element &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20.</p>
<p>The defined values for the fo:text-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>center: center of the list label is positioned at the alignment position.</p></li>
<li><p>end: interpreted as fo:text-align=”right”</p></li>
<li><p>justify: label is justified.</p></li>
<li><p>left: list label starts at the alignment position.</p></li>
<li><p>right: list label ends at the alignment position.</p></li>
<li><p>start: interpreted as fo:text-align=”left”.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The fo:text-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:text-align attribute are start, end, left, right, center or justify.</p>
<h2>fo:text-align-last</h2>
<p>See §7.15.10 of [XSL].</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if it not accompanied by an fo:text-align 20.223 attribute.</p>
<p>If no value is specified for this attribute, the value is set to start. </p>
<p>The fo:text-align-last attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:text-align-last attribute are start, center or justify.</p>
<h2>fo:text-indent</h2>
<p>The fo:text-indent attribute specifies a positive or negative indent for the first line of a paragraph. See §7.15.11 of [XSL]. The attribute value is a length. If the attribute is contained in a common style, the attribute value may be also a percentage that refers to the corresponding text indent of a parent style.</p>
<p>The fo:text-indent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:text-indent attribute are a value of type length 18.3.18 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>fo:text-shadow</h2>
<p>The fo:text-shadow attribute specifies the text shadow style to use. </p>
<p>The defined values for this attribute are those defined in §7.16.5 of [XSL], except the value inherit. </p>
<p>The fo:text-shadow attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:text-shadow attribute are none or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>fo:text-transform</h2>
<p>See §7.16.6 of [XSL]. </p>
<p>If fo:text-transform and fo:font-variant 20.192 attributes are used simultaneously and have different values than normal and none, the result is undefined.</p>
<p>Note: In consumers, the fo:text-transform and fo:font-variant attributes are mutually exclusive.</p>
<p>The fo:text-transform attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:text-transform attribute are none, lowercase, uppercase or capitalize.</p>
<h2>fo:widows</h2>
<p>See §7.19.7 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:widows attribute specifies the minimum number of lines that shall be displayed at the top of a page to avoid paragraph widows.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:widows attribute does not support the inherit value.</p>
<p>The fo:widows attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The fo:widows attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>fo:width</h2>
<p>See §7.14.12 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The fo:width attribute is used with fo:height 20.194 to set the size of a bullet image. </p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the fo:width attribute does not support the auto or inherit values.</p>
<p>The fo:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The fo:width attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>fo:wrap-option</h2>
<p>See §7.15.13 of [XSL]. </p>
<p>If wrapping is disabled, it is implementation-defined whether the overflow text is visible or hidden. If the text is hidden consumers may support a scrolling to access the text. </p>
<p>The fo:wrap-option attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the fo:wrap-option attribute are no-wrap or wrap.</p>
<h2>presentation:background-objects-visible</h2>
<p>The presentation:background-objects-visible attribute specifies whether to display objects in the background of a master page when displaying a presentation page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:background-objects-visible attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: objects in background of a master page should not be displayed when displaying a presentation page.</p></li>
<li><p>true: objects in background of a master page should be displayed when displaying a presentation page.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:background-objects-visible attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The presentation:background-objects-visible attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:background-visible</h2>
<p>The presentation:background-visible attribute specifies whether to display the background of a master page when displaying a presentation page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:background-visible attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: background of a master page should not be displayed when displaying a presentation page.</p></li>
<li><p>true: background of a master page should be displayed when displaying a presentation page.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:background-visible attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The presentation:background-visible attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:display-date-time</h2>
<p>The presentation:display-date-time attribute specifies the visibility of a drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 element, where the shape has the presentation class date-time.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:display-date-time attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element with the presentation class date-time should not be visible.</p></li>
<li><p>true: drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element with the presentation class date-time should be visible.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:display-date-time attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The presentation:display-date-time attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:display-footer</h2>
<p>The presentation:display-footer attribute specifies the visibility of a drawing shape used as a footer in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:display-footer attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: drawing shape used as a footer of a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element should not be visible.</p></li>
<li><p>true: drawing shape used as a footer of a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element should be visible.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:display-footer attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The presentation:display-footer attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:display-header</h2>
<p>The presentation:display-header attribute specifies the visibility of a drawing shape used as a header in a &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:display-header attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: drawing shape used as a header of a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element should not be visible.</p></li>
<li><p>true: drawing shape used as a header of a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element should be visible.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:display-header attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The presentation:display-header attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:display-page-number</h2>
<p>The presentation:display-page-number attribute specifies the visibility of a drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 element, where the shape has the presentation class page-number.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:display-page-number attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element with the presentation class page-number should not be visible.</p></li>
<li><p>true: drawing shape from a &lt;style:master-page&gt; element with the presentation class page-number should be visible.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: Presentation class 19.393 defines presentation class values.</p>
<p>The presentation:display-page-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The presentation:display-page-number attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>presentation:duration</h2>
<p>The presentation:duration attribute specifies the amount of time that a presentation page is displayed. </p>
<p>The presentation:duration attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The presentation:duration attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>presentation:transition-speed</h2>
<p>The presentation:transition-speed attribute specifies the speed at which a presentation page is removed from display, and replaced by a new presentation page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:transition-speed attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fast: An implementation-defined speed. The fast speed should be faster than the speed the consumer chooses for the values medium and slow. </p></li>
<li><p>medium:An implementation-defined speed. The medium speed should be faster than the speed the consumer chooses for the value slow, and slower than the speed the consumer chooses for the value fast.</p></li>
<li><p>slow: An implementation-defined speed. The slow speed should be slower than the speed the consumer chooses for the values medium and fast. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:transition-speed attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:transition-speed attribute are slow, medium or fast.</p>
<h2>presentation:transition-style</h2>
<p>The presentation:transition-style attribute specifies the way that each presentation page replaces the previous presentation page. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:transition-style attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>clockwise: page is uncovered by the hand of a watch, moving clockwise.</p></li>
<li><p>close: Combination of close-horizontal and close-vertical.</p></li>
<li><p>close-horizontal: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line horizontally starting at the edge of the page.</p></li>
<li><p>close-vertical: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line vertically starting at the edge of the page.</p></li>
<li><p>counterclockwise: page is uncovered by the hand of a watch, moving counterclockwise.</p></li>
<li><p>dissolve: page is faded in by drawing small blocks in a random fashion.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-from-bottom: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the bottom of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-from-left: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the left of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-from-right: pages fade from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the right of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-from-top: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the top of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-from-lowerleft: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the lower left of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-from-lowerright: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the lower right of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-from-upperleft: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the upper left of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-from-upperright: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the upper right of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-from-center: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state from the center of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>fade-to-center: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden or visible state to the center of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>fly-away: page first reduces itself to a smaller size (while remaining centered in the screen), and then &quot;flies away&quot; (turns around and moves to the bottom-right corner of the screen). The next slide appears under it meanwhile.</p></li>
<li><p>horizontal-checkerboard: page is uncovered by drawing checkerboard like blocks that increase in size horizontally.</p></li>
<li><p>horizontal-lines: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line horizontally in a random fashion.</p></li>
<li><p>horizontal-stripes: page is uncovered by drawing horizontal stripes that change their size during this effect.</p></li>
<li><p>interlocking-horizontal-left: page appears in 4 horizontal stripes (the height is divided in 4, like in the horizontal-stripes effect) but those stripes come from left, right, left, and right, and cross each other in the middle of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>interlocking-horizontal-right: page appears in 4 horizontal stripes (the height is divided in 4, like in the horizontal-stripes effect) but those stripes come from right, left, right, and left, and cross each other in the middle of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>interlocking-vertical-bottom: same effect as interlocking-horizontal-* but with vertical stripes crossing each other.</p></li>
<li><p>interlocking-vertical-top: same effect as interlocking-horizontal-* but with vertical stripes crossing each other.</p></li>
<li><p>melt: Small vertical stripes move down at random speed, which gives the effect of the current page &quot;melting down&quot;.</p></li>
<li><p>move-from-bottom: page moves from the bottom of the screen to its final position.</p></li>
<li><p>move-from-left: page moves from the left of the screen to its final position.</p></li>
<li><p>move-from-right: page moves from the right of the screen to its final position.</p></li>
<li><p>move-from-top: page moves from the top of the screen to its final position.</p></li>
<li><p>move-from-lowerleft: page moves from the lower left of the screen to its final position.</p></li>
<li><p>move-from-lowerright: page moves from the lower right of the screen to its final position.</p></li>
<li><p>move-from-upperleft: page moves from the upper left of the screen to its final position.</p></li>
<li><p>move-from-upperright: page moves from the upper right of the screen to its final position.</p></li>
<li><p>none: no effect is used.</p></li>
<li><p>open: Combination of open-horizontal and open-vertical.</p></li>
<li><p>open-horizontal: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line horizontally, starting at the center of the page.</p></li>
<li><p>open-vertical: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line vertically, starting at the center of the page.</p></li>
<li><p>random: an effect is chosen at random to uncover a page.</p></li>
<li><p>roll-from-bottom: page moves towards the bottom of the screen to its final position, pushing the previous page out.</p></li>
<li><p>roll-from-left: pages move towards the left of the screen to its final position, pushing the previous page out.</p></li>
<li><p>roll-from-right: page moves towards the right of the screen to its final position, pushing the previous page out.</p></li>
<li><p>roll-from-top: page moves towards the top of the screen to its final position, pushing the previous page out.</p></li>
<li><p>spiralin-left: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral fashion, starting from the left edge of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>spiralin-right: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral fashion, starting from the right edge of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>spiralout-left: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral fashion, starting from the center of the page.</p></li>
<li><p>spiralout-right: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral fashion, starting from the center of the page.</p></li>
<li><p>stretch-from-bottom: page is uncovered by changing its size from the bottom of the screen during this effect.</p></li>
<li><p>stretch-from-left: page is uncovered by changing its size from the left of the screen during this effect.</p></li>
<li><p>stretch-from-right: page is uncovered by changing its size from the right of the screen during this effect.</p></li>
<li><p>stretch-from-top: page is uncovered by changing its size from the left of the screen during this effect.</p></li>
<li><p>uncover-to-bottom: page is uncovered from the bottom of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>uncover-to-left: page is uncovered from the left of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>uncover-to-right: page is uncovered from the right of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>uncover-to-top: page is uncovered from the top of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>uncover-to-lowerleft: page is uncovered from the lower left of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>uncover-to-lowerright: page is uncovered from the lower right of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>uncover-to-upperleft: page is uncovered from the upper left of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>uncover-to-upperright: page is uncovered from the upper right of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>vertical-checkerboard: page is uncovered by drawing checkerboard like blocks that increase in size vertically.</p></li>
<li><p>vertical-lines: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line vertically in a random fashion.</p></li>
<li><p>vertical-stripes: page is uncovered by drawing vertical stripes that change their size during this effect.</p></li>
<li><p>wavyline-from-bottom: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a snake like fashion from the bottom of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>wavyline-from-left: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a snake like fashion from the left of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>wavyline-from-right: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a snake like fashion from the right of the screen.</p></li>
<li><p>wavyline-from-top: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a snake like fashion from the top of the screen.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:transition-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:transition-style attribute are none, fade-from-left, fade-from-top, fade-from-right, fade-from-bottom, fade-from-upperleft, fade-from-upperright, fade-from-lowerleft, fade-from-lowerright, move-from-left, move-from-top, move-from-right, move-from-bottom, move-from-upperleft, move-from-upperright, move-from-lowerleft, move-from-lowerright, uncover-to-left, uncover-to-top, uncover-to-right, uncover-to-bottom, uncover-to-upperleft, uncover-to-upperright, uncover-to-lowerleft, uncover-to-lowerright, fade-to-center, fade-from-center, vertical-stripes, horizontal-stripes, clockwise, counterclockwise, open-vertical, open-horizontal, close-vertical, close-horizontal, wavyline-from-left, wavyline-from-top, wavyline-from-right, wavyline-from-bottom, spiralin-left, spiralin-right, spiralout-left, spiralout-right, roll-from-top, roll-from-left, roll-from-right, roll-from-bottom, stretch-from-left, stretch-from-top, stretch-from-right, stretch-from-bottom, vertical-lines, horizontal-lines, dissolve, random, vertical-checkerboard, horizontal-checkerboard, interlocking-horizontal-left, interlocking-horizontal-right, interlocking-vertical-top, interlocking-vertical-bottom, fly-away, open, close or melt.</p>
<h2>presentation:transition-type</h2>
<p>The presentation:transition-type attribute specifies the mode of a transition. </p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:transition-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>automatic: slide transition and shape effects start automatically.</p></li>
<li><p>manual: slide transition and shape effects are started separately by the user.</p></li>
<li><p>semi-automatic: slide transition starts automatically, shape effects are started by the user.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The smil:type attribute should be used for presentations. The presentation:transition-type and presentation:transition-style 20.239 attributes are retained for legacy compatibility only. </p>
<p>The presentation:transition-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:transition-type attribute are manual, automatic or semi-automatic.</p>
<h2>presentation:visibility</h2>
<p>The presentation:visibility attribute specifies if the content of a &lt;draw:page&gt; element is visible during a presentation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the presentation:transition-speed attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>hidden: content is hidden during a presentation. </p></li>
<li><p>visible: content is visible during a presentation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The presentation:visibility attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The values of the presentation:visibility attribute are visible or hidden.</p>
<h2>smil:direction</h2>
<p>See §12.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The values of the smil:direction attribute are forward or reverse.</p>
<h2>smil:fadeColor</h2>
<p>See §12.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>The smil:fadeColor attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The smil:fadeColor attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>smil:subtype</h2>
<p>See §12.4.1 of [SMIL20].</p>
<p>Note: See §12.8 of [SMIL20] for a list of supported subtypes.</p>
<p>The smil:subtype attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The smil:subtype attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>smil:type</h2>
<p>The [SMIL20] smil:type attribute specifies a transition type or family.</p>
<p>See §12.8 of [SMIL20] for a list of supported types.</p>
<p>If this attribute is present, the attributes presentation:transition-type 20.240 and presentation:transition-style 20.239 attributes should be ignored.</p>
<p>The smil:type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25.</p>
<p>The smil:type attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:auto-text-indent</h2>
<p>The style:auto-text-indent attribute specifies that the first line of a paragraph is indented by a value that is based on the current font size.</p>
<p>If this attribute has a value of true and is used together with a fo:text-indent 20.225 attribute the fo:text-indent attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>The style:auto-text-indent attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:auto-text-indent attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:background-transparency</h2>
<p>The style:background-transparency attribute specifies the transparency of a paragraph&#039;s background color.</p>
<p>The style:background-transparency attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:background-transparency attribute has the data type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>style:border-line-width</h2>
<p>The style:border-line-width attribute specifies the widths of borders defined by the FO border properties (see 20.183) for borders where the value of these properties is double.</p>
<p>The value of the style:border-line-width attribute is a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</p></li>
<li><p>The second value specifies the distance between the two lines</p></li>
<li><p>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:border-line-width attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:border-line-width attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:border-line-width-bottom</h2>
<p>The style:border-line-width-bottom attribute specifies the widths of the bottom border for borders defined by the FO border properties (see 20.183) if the property for the bottom border has the value double.</p>
<p>The value of the style:border-line-width-bottom attribute is a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</p></li>
<li><p>The second value specifies the distance between the two lines</p></li>
<li><p>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:border-line-width-bottom attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:border-line-width-bottom attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:border-line-width-left</h2>
<p>The style:border-line-width-left attribute specifies the widths of the left border for borders defined by the FO border properties (see 20.183) if the property for the left border has the value double.</p>
<p>The value of the style:border-line-width-left attribute is a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</p></li>
<li><p>The second value specified the distance between the two lines</p></li>
<li><p>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:border-line-width-left attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:border-line-width-left attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:border-line-width-right</h2>
<p>The style:border-line-width-right attribute specifies the widths of the right border for borders defined by the FO border properties (see 20.183) if the property for the right border has the value double.</p>
<p>The value of the style:border-line-width-right attribute is a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</p></li>
<li><p>The second value specified the distance between the two lines</p></li>
<li><p>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:border-line-width-right attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:border-line-width-right attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:border-line-width-top</h2>
<p>The style:border-line-width-top attribute specifies the widths of the top border for borders defined by the FO border properties (see 20.183) if the property for the top border has the value double.</p>
<p>The value of the style:border-line-width-top attribute is a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</p></li>
<li><p>The second value specified the distance between the two lines</p></li>
<li><p>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:border-line-width-top attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:border-line-width-top attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:cell-protect</h2>
<p>The style:cell-protect attribute specifies how a cell is protected.</p>
<p>This attribute is only evaluated if the current table is protected. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:cell-protect attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>formula-hidden: if cell content is a formula, it is not displayed. It can be replaced by changing the cell content.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: Replacement of cell content includes replacement with another formula or other cell content.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>hidden-and-protected: cell content is not displayed and cannot be edited. If content is a formula, the formula result is not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>none: formula responsible for cell content is neither hidden nor protected.</p></li>
<li><p>protected: cell content cannot be edited.</p></li>
<li><p>protected formula-hidden: cell content cannot be edited. If content is a formula, it is not displayed. A formula result is displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:cell-protect attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:cell-protect attribute are none, hidden-and-protected, or white space separated non-empty lists of one of these values: protected, or formula-hidden..</p>
<h2>style:column-width</h2>
<p>The style:column-width attribute specifies a fixed width for a column.</p>
<p>The style:column-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16.</p>
<p>The style:column-width attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:contextual-spacing</h2>
<p>The fo:margin-bottom 20.206 attribute of a paragraph and the fo:margin-top 20.209 attribute of the next paragraph are ignored, so that the space between the paragraphs is zero, if all of the following conditions hold:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The style:contextual-spacing attribute of both paragraphs has the value true.</p></li>
<li><p>The paragraphs belong to the same content area.</p></li>
<li><p>The text:style-name 19.880 attribute of the paragraphs refer to the same common paragraph style. In case a text:style-name attribute refers to an automatic style, the value of the style:parent-style-name 19.510 attribute of the automatic style is taken for the style comparison. If a paragraph has a conditional style, the value of its text:cond-style-name 19.781 attribute is taken for the style comparison.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The style:contextual-spacing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:contextual-spacing attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:country-asian</h2>
<p>The style:country-asian attribute specifies the country of a text.</p>
<p>It is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>It may be ignored if it is not specified together with a style:language-asian 20.302 attribute. </p>
<p>The style:country-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:country-asian attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<h2>style:country-complex</h2>
<p>The style:country-complex attribute specifies the country of a text. See §7.9.1 of [XSL].</p>
<p>It is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>It may be ignored if it is not specified together with a style:language-complex 20.303 attribute. </p>
<p>The style:country-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:country-complex attribute has the data type countryCode 18.3.11.</p>
<h2>style:decimal-places</h2>
<p>The style:decimal-places attribute specifies the maximum number of decimal places that are displayed if numbers are formatted by a data style that has no setting for number of decimal places itself.</p>
<p>This attribute is only evaluated if it is contained in a default style.</p>
<p>The style:decimal-places attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The style:decimal-places attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:diagonal-bl-tr</h2>
<p>The style:diagonal-bl-tr attribute specifies the style of border to use for a bottom-left to top-right diagonal in a spreadsheet cell. </p>
<p>The style:diagonal-bl-tr attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The style:diagonal-bl-tr attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths</h2>
<p>The style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths attribute specifies the width between a double line border to use for a bottom-left to top-right diagonal in a spreadsheet cell.</p>
<p>The style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:diagonal-tl-br</h2>
<p>The style:diagonal-tl-br attribute specifies the style of border to use for a left-top to bottom-right diagonal in a spreadsheet cell. </p>
<p>The style:diagonal-tl-br attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The style:diagonal-tl-br attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:diagonal-tl-br-widths</h2>
<p>The style:diagonal-tl-br-widths attribute specifies the width between a double line border to use for a top-left to bottom-right diagonal in a spreadsheet cell.</p>
<p>The style:diagonal-tl-br-widths attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:diagonal-tl-br-widths attribute are three white space separated values of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:direction</h2>
<p>The style:direction attribute specifies the direction of characters.</p>
<p>The style:direction attribute modifies the direction of text rendering as specified by a style:writing-mode attribute. 20.404 </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:direction attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>ltr – left to right, text is rendered in the direction specified by the style:writing-mode attribute </p></li>
<li><p>ttb – top to bottom, characters are vertically stacked but not rotated</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:direction attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:direction attribute are ltr or ttb.</p>
<h2>style:dynamic-spacing</h2>
<p>The style:dynamic-spacing attribute specifies whether the header or footer grows into the space between the page body and the header or footer before the height of the page body becomes smaller. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:dynamic-spacing attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: header or footers do not grow into the space between the header and footer and the page body.</p></li>
<li><p>true: header or footers first grow into the space between the header and footer and the page body.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:dynamic-spacing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5.</p>
<p>The style:dynamic-spacing attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:editable</h2>
<p>The style:editable attribute specifies if a text section or box can be edited within a read-only document. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:editable attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text section or box in read-only document should not be editable.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text section or box in read-only document should be editable.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:editable attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<p>The style:editable attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:first-page-number</h2>
<p>The style:first-page-number attribute specifies the number of a document.</p>
<p>The value of this attribute can be an integer or continue. If the value is continue, the page number is the preceding page number incremented by 1. The default first page number is 1.</p>
<p>The style:first-page-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:first-page-number attribute are a value of type positiveInteger 18.2 or continue.</p>
<h2>style:flow-with-text</h2>
<p>The style:flow-with-text attribute specifies whether a drawing shape flows with the text of its layout environment or not. The layout environment of a drawing shape is determined by the location of its anchor. The following layout environments are defined:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>endnote area - anchor is inside an endnote.</p></li>
<li><p>footnote area - anchor is inside a footnote.</p></li>
<li><p>frame area - anchor is inside a frame or is a frame.</p></li>
<li><p>page footer area - anchor is inside the page footer.</p></li>
<li><p>page header area - anchor is inside the page header.</p></li>
<li><p>page text area - anchor is inside body text.</p></li>
<li><p>table cell area - anchor is inside a table cell.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The innermost enclosing area of the anchor defines the layout environment of the drawing shape. </p>
<p>If the value of the attribute is true, the following conditions shall hold:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The drawing shape flows with the text of its layout environment.</p></li>
<li><p>The drawing shape does not leave its layout environment in the either text flow direction.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>When a drawing shape leaves its layout environment due to its position and/or size in the forward text flow direction, it flows with the text flow to the next layout environment. If there is no next layout environment, the position of the layout environment is adjusted. If the drawing shape is larger than its layout environment, the size of the layout environment is adjusted.</p>
<p>If due to its position a drawing shape would leave its layout environment in the backward text flow direction, the position is adjusted to the beginning of its layout environment.</p>
<p>A drawing object may leave its layout environment in the other (non text flow) directions. Exceptions from this rule are the layout environments table cell area and frame area. For these layout environments it shall be ensured that the drawing shape is laid out inside its layout environment by adjusting the position and (if necessary) the size.</p>
<p>If the value of the attribute is false, the drawing shape does not have to flow with the text of its layout environment. It can be laid out anywhere on the page its anchor is on.</p>
<p>This attribute is not applicable to drawing shapes that are anchored with text:anchor-type=&quot;as-char&quot; 20.418, because such drawing shapes are treated as characters. For drawing shapes, which are anchored to a specific page with text:anchor-type=&quot;page&quot;, the attribute is also not applicable, because such drawing shapes are to be laid out on the page they are anchored to.</p>
<p>The style:flow-with-text attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The style:flow-with-text attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:font-charset</h2>
<p>The style:font-charset attribute specifies whether a font defines glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE] or not.</p>
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of [XML1.0]. If the value is x-symbol, the font does not define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. If the value is one of the encodings or transformations of [UNICODE], the font does define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. The use of other values is deprecated.</p>
<p>Note: Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define glyphs for code points in the private use area of [UNICODE]</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no fo:font-family attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The style:font-charset attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-charset attribute has the data type textEncoding 18.3.35.</p>
<h2>style:font-charset-asian</h2>
<p>The style:font-charset-asian attribute specifies whether a font defines glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE] or not.</p>
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of [XML1.0]. If the value is x-symbol, the font does not define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. If the value is one of the encodings or transformations of [UNICODE], the font does define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. The use of other values is deprecated.</p>
<p>Note: Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define glyphs for code points in the private use area of [UNICODE]</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no style:font-family-asian 20.271 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-asian 20.278 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The style:font-charset-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-charset-asian attribute has the data type textEncoding 18.3.35.</p>
<h2>style:font-charset-complex</h2>
<p>The style:font-charset-complex attribute specifies whether a font defines glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE] or not.</p>
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of [XML1.0]. If the value is x-symbol, the font does not define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. If the value is one of the encodings or transformations of [UNICODE], the font does define glyphs according to the semantics of [UNICODE]. The use of other values is deprecated.</p>
<p>Note: Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define glyphs for code points in the private use area of [UNICODE]</p>
<p>The style:font-charset-complex attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no style:font-family-complex 20.272 attribute attached to the same formatting properties element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-complex 20.279 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The style:font-charset-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-charset-complex attribute has the data type textEncoding 18.3.35.</p>
<h2>style:font-family-asian</h2>
<p>The style:font-family-asian attribute specifies the font family for a text. See §7.8.2 of [XSL].</p>
<p>This is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.285</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-asian 20.278 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The style:font-family-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-family-asian attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:font-family-complex</h2>
<p>The style:font-family-complex attribute specifies the font family for a text. See §7.8.2 of [XSL].</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-complex 20.279 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The style:font-family-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-family-complex attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:font-family-generic</h2>
<p>The style:font-family-generic attribute specifies a generic font family name.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name 20.277 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-family-generic attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>modern: the family of modern fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </p></li>
<li><p>script: the family of script fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </p></li>
<li><p>system: the family system fonts. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-family-generic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-family-generic attribute are roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<h2>style:font-family-generic-asian</h2>
<p>The style:font-family-generic-asian attribute specifies a generic Asian font family name.</p>
<p>The style:font-family-generic-asian attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.285</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-asian 20.278 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-family-generic-asian attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>modern: the family of modern fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </p></li>
<li><p>script: the family of script fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </p></li>
<li><p>system: the family system fonts. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-family-generic-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-family-generic-asian attribute are roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<h2>style:font-family-generic-complex</h2>
<p>The style:font-family-generic-complex attribute specifies a generic font family name.</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-complex 20.279 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-family-generic-complex attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>modern: the family of modern fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </p></li>
<li><p>script: the family of script fonts. </p></li>
<li><p>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </p></li>
<li><p>system: the family system fonts. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-family-generic-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-family-generic-complex attribute are roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<h2>style:font-independent-line-spacing</h2>
<p>The style:font-independent-line-spacing attribute specifies if font independent line spacing is used. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-independent-line-spacing attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: font metric of the font is taken into account.</p></li>
<li><p>true: line height is calculated only from the font height as specified by the font size attributes fo:font-size 20.190, style:font-size-asian 20.284 and style:font-size-complex 20.285.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-independent-line-spacing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:font-independent-line-spacing attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:font-name</h2>
<p>The style:font-name attribute specifies a font that is declared by a &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23 element with a style:name 19.502 attribute whose name is the same as that of the style:font-name attribute value. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>The style:font-name attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19 and &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:font-name-asian</h2>
<p>The style:font-name-asian attribute specifies a font that is declared by a &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23 element with a style:name 19.502 attribute whose name is the same as that of the style:font-name-asian attribute value. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.285</p>
<p>The style:font-name-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-name-asian attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:font-name-complex</h2>
<p>The style:font-name-complex attribute specifies a font that is declared by a &lt;style:font-face&gt; 16.23 element with a style:name 19.502 attribute whose name is the same as that of the style:font-name-complex attribute value. </p>
<p>The style:font-name-complex attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>The style:font-name-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-name-complex attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:font-pitch</h2>
<p>The style:font-pitch attribute specifies whether a font has a fixed or variable width.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name 20.277 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-pitch attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fixed: font pitch is fixed.</p></li>
<li><p>variable: font pitch is variable.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-pitch attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-pitch attribute are fixed or variable.</p>
<h2>style:font-pitch-asian</h2>
<p>The style:font-pitch-asian attribute specifies whether a font has a fixed or variable width.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-asian 20.189 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-pitch-asian attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fixed: font width is fixed.</p></li>
<li><p>variable: font width is variable.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-pitch-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-pitch-asian attribute are fixed or variable.</p>
<h2>style:font-pitch-complex</h2>
<p>The style:font-pitch-complex attribute specifies whether a font has a fixed or variable width.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-complex 20.279 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-pitch-complex attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fixed: font width is fixed.</p></li>
<li><p>variable: font width is variable.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-pitch-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-pitch-complex attribute are fixed or variable.</p>
<h2>style:font-relief</h2>
<p>The style:font-relief attribute specifies whether a font should be embossed, engraved, or neither.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-relief attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>embossed: characters are embossed.</p></li>
<li><p>engraved: characters are engraved.</p></li>
<li><p>none: characters are neither embossed or engraved.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-relief attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-relief attribute are none, embossed or engraved.</p>
<h2>style:font-size-asian</h2>
<p>The style:font-size-asian attribute specifies the size of a font.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>The value of this attribute is either an absolute length or a percentage as described in §7.8.4 of [XSL]. In contrast to XSL, percentage values can be used within common styles only and are based on the font height of the parent style rather than to the font height of the attributes neighborhood. Absolute font heights and relative font heights are not supported.</p>
<p>The style:font-size-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-size-asian attribute are a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>style:font-size-complex</h2>
<p>The style:font-size-complex attribute specifies the size of a font.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>The value of this attribute is either an absolute length or a percentage as described in §7.8.4 of [XSL]. In contrast to XSL, percentage values can be used within common styles only and are based on the font height of the parent style rather than to the font height of the attributes neighborhood. Absolute font heights and relative font heights are not supported.</p>
<p>The style:font-size-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-size-complex attribute are a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26 or a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>style:font-size-rel</h2>
<p>The style:font-size-rel attribute specifies a relative font size change.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute specifies a relative font size change as a length. It cannot be used within automatic styles. This attribute changes the font size based on the font size of the parent style.</p>
<p>The style:font-size-rel attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-size-rel attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:font-size-rel-asian</h2>
<p>The style:font-size-rel-asian attributes specifies a relative font size change.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute specifies a relative font size change as a length. It cannot be used within automatic styles. This attribute changes the font size based on the font size of the parent style.</p>
<p>The style:font-size-rel-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-size-rel-asian attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:font-size-rel-complex</h2>
<p>The style:font-size-rel-complex attribute specifies a relative font size change.</p>
<p>The style:font-size-rel-complex attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute specifies a relative font size change as a length. It cannot be used within automatic styles. This attribute changes the font size based on the font size of the parent style.</p>
<p>The style:font-size-rel-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-size-rel-complex attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:font-style-asian</h2>
<p>The style:font-style-asian attribute specifies whether to use normal or italic font face. See §7.8.7 of [XSL].</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-style-asian attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>italic: characters displayed in an italic font face.</p></li>
<li><p>normal: characters displayed in normal font face.</p></li>
<li><p>oblique: characters displayed in an oblique font face.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-style-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-style-asian attribute are normal, italic or oblique.</p>
<h2>style:font-style-complex</h2>
<p>The style:font-style-complex attribute specifies whether to use normal or italic font face. See §7.8.7 of [XSL].</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>The fo:font-style attribute is evaluated for any other [UNICODE] character.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:font-style-complex attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>italic: characters displayed in an italic font face.</p></li>
<li><p>normal: characters displayed in normal font face.</p></li>
<li><p>oblique: characters displayed in an oblique font face.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:font-style-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-style-complex attribute are normal, italic or oblique.</p>
<h2>style:font-style-name</h2>
<p>The style:font-style-name attribute specifies a font style name.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] character whose script type is latin. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name 20.277 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The style:font-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-style-name attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:font-style-name-asian</h2>
<p>The style:font-style-name-asian attribute specifies a font style name.</p>
<p>The style:font-style-name-asian attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-asian 20.278 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The style:font-style-name-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-style-name-asian attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:font-style-name-complex</h2>
<p>The style:font-style-name-complex attribute specifies a font style name.</p>
<p>The style:font-style-name-complex attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding fo:font-family 20.189 attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the style:font-name-complex 20.279 attribute should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The style:font-style-name-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:font-style-name-complex attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:font-weight-asian</h2>
<p>The style:font-weight-asian attribute specifies the weight of a font. See §7.8.9 of [XSL].</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>The style:font-weight-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-weight-asian attribute are normal, bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<h2>style:font-weight-complex</h2>
<p>The style:font-weight-complex attributes specify the weight of a font. See §7.8.9 of [XSL].</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>The fo:font-weight 20.193 attribute is evaluated for any other [UNICODE] character.</p>
<p>The style:font-weight-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:font-weight-complex attribute are normal, bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<h2>style:footnote-max-height</h2>
<p>The style:footnote-max-height attribute specifies the maximum amount of space on a page that a footnote can occupy. The value of the attribute is a length, which determines the maximum height of a footnote area.</p>
<p>If the value of this attribute is set to 0cm, there is no limit to the amount of space that the footnote can occupy.</p>
<p>The style:footnote-max-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:footnote-max-height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:glyph-orientation-vertical</h2>
<p>The style:glyph-orientation-vertical attribute specifies a vertical glyph orientation. See §10.7.3 of [SVG]. The attribute specifies an angle or automatic mode. The only defined angle is 0 degrees, which disables this feature.</p>
<p>Note: OpenDocument v1.1 did not support angle specifications that contain an angle unit identifier. Angle unit identifiers should be omitted for compatibility with OpenDocument v1.1.</p>
<p>The style:glyph-orientation-vertical attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:glyph-orientation-vertical attribute are auto, 0, 0deg, 0rad or 0grad.</p>
<h2>style:horizontal-pos</h2>
<p>The style:horizontal-pos attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of a frame in relation to an area specified by the style:horizontal-rel 20.299 attribute.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:horizontal-pos attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>center: horizontal alignment of a frame should be centered relative to the specified area.</p></li>
<li><p>from-inside: on pages with an odd page number the left edge of the specific area is taken as the horizontal alignment of a frame. On pages with an even page number the right edge of the specified area is taken. Attribute svg:x 19.577 associated with the frame element specifies the horizontal position of the frame from the edge which is taken. </p></li>
<li><p>from-left: the svg:x attribute associated with the frame element specifies the horizontal position of the frame from the left edge of the specified area.</p></li>
<li><p>inside: on pages with an odd page number the horizontal alignment of a frame is the same as for the attribute value left. On pages with an even page number the horizontal alignment of a frame is the same as for the attribute value right. </p></li>
<li><p>left: horizontal alignment of a frame should be left aligned relative to the specified area.</p></li>
<li><p>outside: on pages with an odd page number the horizontal alignment of a frame is the same as for the attribute value right. On pages with an even page number the horizontal alignment of a frame is the same as for the attribute value left. </p></li>
<li><p>right: horizontal alignment of a frame should be right aligned relative to the specified area.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If the attribute value is not from-left and not from-inside, the svg:x attribute associated with the frame element is ignored for text documents.</p>
<p>Tables 19 and 20 display the defined combinations of values of the attributes style:horizontal-pos and style:horizontal-rel 20.299. The values of these alignment attributes are listed in the first column on the left, and an alignment attribute value/anchor type value match is indicated by an X.</p>
<p>Table 19 - Horizontal position values</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Value of style:horizontal-pos</p></th><th colspan="5"><table>
<tbody>
<tr><td colspan="5"><p>Value of text:anchor-type</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>frame</p></td><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td><p>char</p></td><td><p>as-char</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>any</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Table 20 - Horizontal relation values</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Value of style:horizontal-rel</p></th><th colspan="5"><table>
<tbody>
<tr><td colspan="5"><p>Value of text:anchor-type</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>frame</p></td><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td><p>char</p></td><td><p>as-char</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>char</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>frame</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>frame-content</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>frame-end-margin</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>frame-start-margin</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page-content</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page-end-margin</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page-start-margin</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>paragraph-content</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>paragraph-end-margin</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>paragraph-start-margin</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The style:horizontal-pos attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:horizontal-pos attribute are left, center, right, from-left, inside, outside or from-inside.</p>
<h2>style:horizontal-rel</h2>
<p>The style:horizontal-rel attribute specifies the area against which the horizontal position of a frame is positioned. </p>
<p>The value start-margin determines the left margin, except when the horizontal position is from-inside, inside or outside and the anchor for the frame is on a page with an even page number, in which case it determines the right margin. The value end-margin determines the opposite margin to the start-margin values.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:horizontal-rel attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>char: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a character. </p></li>
<li><p>page: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a page. </p></li>
<li><p>page-content: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to page-content. </p></li>
<li><p>page-start-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a page start margin. </p></li>
<li><p>page-end-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a page end margin. </p></li>
<li><p>frame: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to another frame. </p></li>
<li><p>frame-content: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to frame content. </p></li>
<li><p>frame-end-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a frame end margin. </p></li>
<li><p>frame-start-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a frame start margin </p></li>
<li><p>paragraph: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a paragraph. </p></li>
<li><p>paragraph-content: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to paragraph content. </p></li>
<li><p>paragraph-end-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a paragraph end margin. </p></li>
<li><p>paragraph-start-margin:horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a paragraph start margin. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:horizontal-rel attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:horizontal-rel attribute are page, page-content, page-start-margin, page-end-margin, frame, frame-content, frame-start-margin, frame-end-margin, paragraph, paragraph-content, paragraph-start-margin, paragraph-end-margin or char.</p>
<h2>style:join-border</h2>
<p>The style:join-border property specifies whether a border for one paragraph is to be extended around the following paragraph. </p>
<p>In addition to the value of this attribute, joining of borders requires meeting these conditions:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Values of attributes fo:border-top 20.183.6, fo:border-bottom 20.183.3, fo:border-left 20.183.4 and fo:border-right 20.183.5 are the same. These values can also be given by the fo:border 20.183.2 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>Values of attributes style:border-line-width-top 20.252, style:border-line-width-bottom 20.249, style:border-line-width-left 20.250 and style:border-line-width-right 20.251 are the same. These values can also be given by the style:border-line-width 20.248 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>Values of attributes fo:padding-left 20.219 and fo:padding-right 20.220 are the same. These values can also be given by the fo:padding 20.217 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>Values of the fo:margin-right 20.208 attributes are the same. These values can also be given by the fo:margin 20.205 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>Values of the fo:margin-left 20.207 attribute, which can also be given by the fo:margin, and fo:text-indent 19.246 attributes, that meet one of these conditions:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>All values are the same.</p></li>
<li><p>Values of the fo:margin-left attributes are the same and values of the fo:text-indent attributes are non-negative.</p></li>
<li><p>Value of the fo:margin-left attribute of one paragraph whose value of the fo:text-indent attribute is non-negative is the same as the sum of values of the fo:margin-left and fo:text-indent attributes of the other paragraph whose value of the fo:text-indent attribute is negative.</p></li>
<li><p>Both values of the fo:text-indent attributes are negative and the sums of values of the fo:margin-left and fo:text-indent attributes are equal.</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>The default value of this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:join-border attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: borders should not be joined.</p></li>
<li><p>true: borders should be joined.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:join-border attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:join-border attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:justify-single-word</h2>
<p>The style:justify-single-word attribute specifies whether a single word should be justified when the last line in a paragraph is justified.</p>
<p>Specifying a style:justify-single-word attribute without specifying a fo:text-align 20.223 and fo:text-align-last 20.224 attribute has no effect. Unspecified, both fo:text-align and fo:text-align-last have the value start.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:justify-single-word attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: single word should not be justified when the last line in a paragraph is justified.</p></li>
<li><p>true: single word should be justified when last line in a paragraph is justified.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:justify-single-word attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:justify-single-word attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:language-asian</h2>
<p>The style:language-asian attribute specifies the language of a text.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a style:country-asian 20.256 attribute.</p>
<p>The style:language-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:language-asian attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<h2>style:language-complex</h2>
<p>The style:language-complex attribute specifies the language of a text.</p>
<p>The style:language-asian attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a style:country-complex 20.257 attribute.</p>
<p>The style:language-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:language-complex attribute has the data type languageCode 18.3.17.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-base-height</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-height attribute specifies the height reserved in layout grid lines for non-ruby text.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-base-width</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-width attribute specifies a grid&#039;s base width. This attribute is only evaluated if style:layout-grid-standard-mode 20.314 attribute has the value true. </p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-base-width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-color</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-color attribute specifies the color of layout grid border lines.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-display</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-display attribute specifies whether layout grid border lines are displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: layout grid border lines should not be displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: layout grid border lines should be displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:layout-grid-display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-display attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-lines</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-lines attribute specifies the number of layout grid lines per page. The number of lines displayed may be smaller than specified if the page does not have space to display the specified number of lines with the specified line height.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-lines attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-mode</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-mode attribute enables Asian layout grids.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>both: like lines, except that the lines are divided into rectangular layout cells. The calculation of layout cells depends on the style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute. Within a layout cell, no more than one Asian [UNICODE] character is displayed. An Asian character that does not fit into a single layout cell is displayed centered into as many layout cells as required. Non Asian text is centered within as many cells as required.</p></li>
<li><p>lines: enables a line layout, this is, the page is divided in a fixed number of lines. The exact number of lines depends on the other layout grid formatting properties. There is no space between the layout grid lines. The layout grid itself is centered on the page.</p></li>
<li><p>none: disables the layout grid.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:layout-grid-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:layout-grid-mode attribute are none, line or both.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-print</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-print attribute specifies whether layout grid border lines are printed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-print attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: layout grid border lines should not be printed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: layout grid border lines should be printed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:layout-grid-print attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-print attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-ruby-below</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-below attribute specifies whether ruby text is displayed above or below the base text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-ruby-below attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: ruby text should be displayed above the base text.</p></li>
<li><p>true: ruby text should be displayed below the base text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-below attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-below attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-ruby-height</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-height attribute specifies the height reserved in layout grid lines for ruby text. </p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-height attribute appears on a &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2 element only if a style:layout-grid-standard-mode 20.314 attribute, with the value false, appears on the same &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; element.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-ruby-height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-snap-to</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-snap-to attribute specifies whether the text is snapped to the grid or not. It is evaluated only if the style:layout-grid-mode 20.309 attribute has the value both and the style:layout-grid-standard-mode 20.314 attribute has the value true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-snap-to attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text should not be snapped to grid.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text should be snapped to grid.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:layout-grid-snap-to attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-snap-to attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</h2>
<p>The style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute specifies how the rectangular grid cells are calculated if the style:layout-grid-mode 20.309 attribute has the value both.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute can only be used in the default page layout. If the style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute appears inside a &lt;style:page-layout&gt; 16.5 element it shall be ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the page is divided in a fixed number of lines, and the lines are divided into square cells. The number of cells per grid line depends on the line height, where the line height is the sum of the base height and the ruby height as specified by the style:layout-grid-base-height 20.304 and style:layout-grid-ruby-height 20.312 attributes.</p></li>
<li><p>true: the page is divided into a fixed numbers of lines, and the lines are divided into rectangular cells. The line height is specified by the style:layout-grid-base-height attribute, and the cell width is specified by style:layout-grid-base-width 20.305 attribute. The number of cells per line depends on the grid base width. This mode is also called <em>standard paper mode</em>. The style:layout-grid-ruby-height attribute is ignored in this mode.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:layout-grid-standard-mode attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:line-break</h2>
<p>The style:line-break attribute specifies line breaking rules. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:line-break attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>normal: line breaks may occur between any characters.</p></li>
<li><p>strict: line breaks shall not occur before or after implementation-defined characters. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:line-break attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the style:line-break attribute are normal or strict.</p>
<h2>style:letter-kerning</h2>
<p>The style:letter-kerning attribute specifies whether kerning between characters is enabled or disabled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:letter-kerning attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: kerning between letters should be disabled.</p></li>
<li><p>true: kerning between letters should be enabled.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:letter-kerning attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:letter-kerning attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:line-height-at-least</h2>
<p>The style:line-height-at-least attribute specifies a minimum line height. The value of this attribute is a length.</p>
<p>The effect of this attribute is disabled when fo:line-height 20.204 has the value of normal. </p>
<p>The style:line-height-at-least attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:line-height-at-least attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>style:line-spacing</h2>
<p>The style:line-spacing attribute specifies a fixed distance between two lines.</p>
<p>The effect of this attribute is disabled when fo:line-height 20.204 has the value of normal. </p>
<p>The style:line-spacing attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:line-spacing attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>style:may-break-between-rows</h2>
<p>The style:may-break-between-rows attribute specifies that a page break may occur inside a table.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:may-break-between-rows attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: page break shall not occur inside a table.</p></li>
<li><p>true: page break may occur inside a table.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:may-break-between-rows attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The style:may-break-between-rows attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:min-row-height</h2>
<p>The style:min-row-height attribute specifies a fixed minimum height for a row.</p>
<p>The style:min-row-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<p>The style:min-row-height attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>style:mirror</h2>
<p>The style:mirror attribute specifies whether an image is mirrored before it is displayed. The mirroring can be vertical or horizontal or both.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:mirror attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: image should not be mirrored before being displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>horizontal: image should be mirrored horizontally before being displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>horizontal-on-even: image should be mirrored horizontally on even numbered pages before being displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>horizontal-on-odd: image should be mirrored horizontally on odd numbered pages before being displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>vertical: image should be mirrored vertically before being displayed. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The value vertical and the horizontal values can be specified together, separated by a white space.</p>
<p>The style:mirror attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:mirror attribute are none, vertical, or two white space separated values, that may appear in any order. One of these values is always vertical. The other value is one of: horizontal, horizontal-on-odd or horizontal-on-even.</p>
<h2>style:num-format</h2>
<p>The style:num-format attribute specifies a numbering sequence. </p>
<p>If no value is given, no number sequence is displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:num-format attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>1: number sequence starts with “1”.</p></li>
<li><p>a: number sequence starts with “a”.</p></li>
<li><p>A: number sequence starts with “A”.</p></li>
<li><p>empty string: no number sequence displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>i: number sequence starts with “i”.</p></li>
<li><p>I: number sequence start with “I”.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type string 18.2</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:num-format attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:num-format attribute are 1, i, I, a value of type string 18.2, an empty string, a or A.</p>
<h2>style:num-letter-sync</h2>
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute specifies whether letter synchronization shall take place. If letters are used in alphabetical order for numbering, there are two ways to process overflows within a digit, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: A new digit is inserted that always has the same value as the following digit. The numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in that case is a, b, c, ..., z, aa, bb, cc, ..., zz, aaa, ..., and so on.</p></li>
<li><p>true: A new digit is inserted. Its start value is ”a” or ”A”, and it is incremented every time an overflow occurs in the following digit. The numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in that case is a,b,c, ..., z, aa, ab, ac, ...,az, ba, ..., and so on. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:num-letter-sync attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:num-prefix</h2>
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute specifies what to display before a number.</p>
<p>If the style:num-prefix and style:num-suffix 19.507 values do not contain any character that has a [UNICODE] category of Nd, Nl, No, Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an [XSLT] format attribute can be created from the OpenDocument attributes by concatenating the values of the style:num-prefix, style:num-format 19.504, and style:num-suffix 19.507 attributes.</p>
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute can also specify a character before the value of a text:bullet-char 19.765 attribute. </p>
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:num-prefix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:num-suffix</h2>
<p>The style:num-prefix and style:num-suffix style:num-suffix attributes specify what to display before and after a number.</p>
<p>If the style:num-prefix and style:num-suffix values do not contain any character that has a [UNICODE] category of Nd, Nl, No, Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an [XSLT] format attribute can be created from the OpenDocument attributes by concatenating the values of the style:num-prefix, style:num-format 19.504, and style:num-suffix 19.507 attributes.</p>
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute can also specify a character after the value of a text:bullet-char 19.765 attribute. </p>
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:num-suffix attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:number-wrapped-paragraphs</h2>
<p>The style:number-wrapped-paragraphs attribute specifies the number of paragraphs that can wrap around a frame if the anchor position of a frame or drawing shape is a paragraph or a character, and the wrap mode specified by the style:wrap 20.400 attribute is left, right, parallel, or dynamic.</p>
<p>This attribute is only recognized in frames or styles that have a style:wrap attribute attached with a value of left, right, parallel, or dynamic.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:number-wrapped-paragraphs attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>no-limit: there is no limit on the number of paragraphs that may wrap around a frame.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveInteger</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:number-wrapped-paragraphs attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:number-wrapped-paragraphs attribute are no-limit or a value of type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:overflow-behavior</h2>
<p>The style:overflow-behavior attribute specifies the behavior of text boxes where the containing text does not fit into a text box. </p>
<p>If the style:overflow-behavior attribute value is auto-create-new-frame and the text box has a minimum width or height specified the text box will grow as long as there is space left on the page. If no space is left, a new frame will be created on the next page, with the same position and dimensions of the original frame.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:overflow-behavior attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>clip: text that does not fit into a text box is not displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>auto-create-new-frame: a new frame will be created on the next page, with the same position and dimensions of the original frame.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:overflow-behavior attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:overflow-behavior attribute are clip or auto-create-new-frame.</p>
<h2>style:page-number</h2>
<p>The style:page-number attribute specifies the page number that should be used for a new page when either a paragraph or table style specifies a master page that should be applied beginning from the start of a paragraph or table.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:page-number attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: a page has the page number of the previous page, incremented by one.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type nonNegativeInteger 18.2: specifies a page number. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:page-number attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the style:page-number attribute are a value of type nonNegativeInteger 18.2 or auto.</p>
<h2>style:paper-tray-name</h2>
<p>The style:paper-tray-name attribute specifies the paper tray to use when printing a document. The names assigned to the paper trays depends upon the printer. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:paper-tray-name attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>default: the default tray specified by printer configuration settings.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type string 18.2</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:paper-tray-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:paper-tray-name attribute are default or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:print</h2>
<p>The style:print attribute specifies the components in a spreadsheet document to print.</p>
<p>The value of the style:print attribute is a white space separated list of one or more of these values: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>annotations: annotations should be printed.</p></li>
<li><p>charts: charts should be printed.</p></li>
<li><p>drawings: drawings should be printed.</p></li>
<li><p>formulas: formulas should be printed.</p></li>
<li><p>grid: grid lines should be printed.</p></li>
<li><p>headers: headers should be printed.</p></li>
<li><p>objects: (including graphics): objects should be printed.</p></li>
<li><p>zero-values: zero-values should be printed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:print attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The value of the style:print attribute is a white space separated lists of one of these values: headers, grid, annotations, objects, charts, drawings, formulas, or zero-values, including the empty list.</p>
<h2>style:print-content</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The style:print-content attribute specifies if content is printed.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:print-content attribute specifies if frame content is printed.</p>
<p>The style:print-content attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The style:print-content attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:print-content attribute specifies if cell content is printed.</p>
<p>The style:print-content attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The style:print-content attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:print-page-order</h2>
<p>The style:print-page-order attribute specifies the order in which data in a spreadsheet is numbered and printed when the data does not fit on one printed page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:print-page-order attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>ltr: create pages from the first column to the last column before continuing with the next set of rows. </p></li>
<li><p>ttb: create pages from the top row to the bottom row before continuing with the next set of columns.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:print-page-order attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:print-page-order attribute are ttb or ltr.</p>
<h2>style:print-orientation</h2>
<p>The style:print-orientation attribute specifies the orientation of the printed page. The value of this attribute can be portrait or landscape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:print-orientation attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>landscape: a page is printed in landscape orientation.</p></li>
<li><p>portrait: a page is printed in portrait orientation.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:print-orientation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:print-orientation attribute are portrait or landscape.</p>
<h2>style:protect</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The style:protect attribute specifies the protection of content.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:protect attribute specifies whether the content, size, or position of a frame is protected. The value of this attribute can be either none or a white space separated list that consists of any of the values content, position, or size.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:protect attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>content: content of a frame should be protected from editing.</p></li>
<li><p>none: the content, size and position of a frame should be subject to editing.</p></li>
<li><p>position: the position of a frame should be protected from editing.</p></li>
<li><p>size: the size of a frame should be protected from editing.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:protect attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:protect attribute are none, or white space separated non-empty lists of one of these values: content, position, or size..</p>
<h3>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:protect attribute specifies that sections should not be changed. The user interface should prevent the user from manually making any changes. The style:protect attribute should be set to true by default for linked sections or indexes. Removing the protection from linked sections or indexes leaves them unprotected from editing, but any edits will be over-written by updates to those sections.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:protect attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: sections should not be protected from editing.</p></li>
<li><p>true: sections should be protected from editing.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:protect attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<p>The style:protect attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:punctuation-wrap</h2>
<p>The style:punctuation-wrap attribute specifies whether a punctuation mark, if one is present, can be hanging, that is, whether it can placed in the margin area at the end of a full line of text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:punctuation-wrap attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>hanging: a punctuation mark can be placed in the margin area at the end of a full line of text.</p></li>
<li><p>simple: a punctuation mark cannot be placed in the margin area at the end of a full line of text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:punctuation-wrap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the style:punctuation-wrap attribute are simple or hanging.</p>
<h2>style:register-true</h2>
<p>The style:register-true attribute specifies whether the lines on both sides of a printed page align. The text baselines of text in page columns or text box columns also align.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:register-true attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: lines on both sides of a printed text need not align.</p></li>
<li><p>true: lines on both sides of a printed text should align.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:register-true attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:register-true attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:register-truth-ref-style-name</h2>
<p>The style:register-truth-ref-style-name attribute specifies a paragraph style. The line distance specified of the paragraph style is used as the reference line distance for all paragraphs that have the register-truth feature enabled.</p>
<p>The style:register-truth-ref-style-name attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:register-truth-ref-style-name attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:rel-column-width</h2>
<p>The style:rel-column-width attribute specifies a relative width of a column with a number value, followed by a ”*” (U+002A, ASTERISK) character. If <em>r</em>c is the relative with of the column, <em>r</em>s the sum of all relative columns widths, and <em>w</em>s the absolute width that is available for these columns the absolute width <em>w</em>c of the column is <em>w</em>c<em>=r</em>c<em>w</em>s<em>/r</em>s.</p>
<p>The style:rel-column-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16.</p>
<p>The style:rel-column-width attribute has the data type relativeLength 18.3.27.</p>
<h2>style:rel-height</h2>
<p>The style:rel-height attribute specifies the height of a drawing object as a relative value within a frame. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:rel-width attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>scale: the height should be calculated depending on the width, so that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size is preserved.</p></li>
<li><p>scale-min:the height should be calculated as for value scale, but the calculated height is a minimum height rather than an absolute one.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The interpretation of relative values depends on the anchor of the drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value is relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, the percentage values is relative to the width of the page or window.</p>
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width and heights, producers should also provide the height in svg:height 19.543 and fo:min-height 19.240 attributes.</p>
<p>The style:rel-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:rel-height attribute are a value of type percent 18.3.23, scale or scale-min.</p>
<h2>style:rel-width</h2>
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies the relative width of a drawing object. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:rel-width attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>scale: the width should be calculated depending on the height, so that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size is preserved.</p></li>
<li><p>scale-min: the width should be calculated as for value scale, but the calculated width is a minimum width rather than an absolute one.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The interpretation of the percent value depends on the anchor of the drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell, the percent value of the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value of the surrounding text box. In all other cases, the percent value of the containing page or window</p>
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width, producers should also provide the width in a svg:width 19.575 attribute.</p>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:rel-width attribute are a value of type percent 18.3.23, scale or scale-min.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute specifies the width of a table relative to the width of the area that the table is in.</p>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The style:rel-width attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>style:repeat</h2>
<p>The style:repeat attribute specifies if an image can be repeated or stretched over an area. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:repeat attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>no-repeat: image should not be repeated.</p></li>
<li><p>repeat: image should be repeated.</p></li>
<li><p>stretch: image should be stretched over an area.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:repeat attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:repeat attribute are no-repeat, repeat or stretch.</p>
<h2>style:repeat-content</h2>
<p>The style:repeat-content attribute specifies whether text content of a cell is displayed as many times as there is space left in the cell&#039;s writing direction. The attribute has no effect for cell content that contains a line break.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:repeat-content attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text content of a cell should not be displayed as many times as there is space left in the cell&#039;s writing direction.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text content of a cell should be displayed as many times as there is space left in the cell&#039;s writing direction.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:repeat-content attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The style:repeat-content attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the fo:language 20.202, fo:script 20.222 and fo:country 20.188 attributes.</p>
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don&#039;t support the style:rfc-language-tag attribute by specifying fo:language, fo:script and fo:country attributes with values that are implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The attribute is evaluated for any [UNICODE] characters that are not of type asian or complex. 20.358</p>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<h2>style:rfc-language-tag-asian</h2>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-asian attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the style:language-asian 20.302, style:script-asian 20.356 and style:country-asian 20.256 attributes.</p>
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don&#039;t support the style:rfc-language-tag-asian attribute by specifying style:language-asian, style:script-asian and style:country-asian attributes with values that are implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters that are of type asian. 20.358.</p>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-asian attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<h2>style:rfc-language-tag-complex</h2>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-complex attribute specifies a language identifier according to the rules of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid combination of the style:language-complex 20.303, style:script-complex 20.357 and style:country-complex 20.257 attributes.</p>
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don&#039;t support the style:rfc-language-tag-complex attribute by specifying style:language-complex, style:script-complex and style:country-complex attributes with values that are implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters that are of type complex..</p>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:rfc-language-tag-complex attribute has the data type language 18.3.16.</p>
<h2>style:rotation-align</h2>
<p>The style:rotation-align attribute specifies how the edge of the text in a cell is aligned after a rotation. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:rotation-align attribute are shown in Table 21:</p>
<p>Table 21 - Rotation align values</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Alignment</p></th><th><p>Text is...</p></th><th><p>Borders and background are...</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>None.</p></td><td><p>Rotated and aligned within the cell. </p></td><td><p>Unchanged.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><table>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>Bottom</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>Center</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>Top</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></td><td><p>Rotated and may overlap with other cells if the text is longer than the length of the cell.</p></td><td><p>Positioned parallel to the text, whereby the edge that is named by the attribute value aligns with the corresponding edge of the cell&#039;s original position. </p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The style:rotation-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:rotation-align attribute are none, bottom, top or center.</p>
<h2>style:rotation-angle</h2>
<p>The style:rotation-angle attribute specifies the rotation angle of content. The attribute value is an angle. </p>
<p>If used with a chart style applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element the attribute specifies the rotation of the axis labels, each tick label is rotated, the axis title is not affected in this case.</p>
<p>If used with a chart style applied to a &lt;chart:data-label&gt; 11.15, &lt;chart:data-point&gt;11.14, &lt;chart:series&gt; 11.12 or &lt;chart:plot-area&gt; 11.5 element the attribute specifies the rotation angle of the according data labels.</p>
<p>If used with a chart style applied to a &lt;chart:title&gt; 11.2.1 element the attribute specifies the rotation angle of the title.</p>
<p>The style:rotation-angle attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The style:rotation-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>style:row-height</h2>
<p>The style:row-height attribute specifies a fixed row height.</p>
<p>The style:row-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<p>The style:row-height attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:ruby-align</h2>
<p>The style:ruby-align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of the ruby text in relationship to the ruby base.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:ruby-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>center: ruby text centered on ruby base text.</p></li>
<li><p>distribute-letter: If the width of the ruby text is smaller than that of the ruby base text, then the ruby text contents are evenly distributed across the width of the ruby base text, with the first and last ruby text glyphs lining up with the corresponding first and last base glyphs. If the width of the ruby text is at least the width of the ruby base text, then the letters of the ruby base text are evenly distributed across the width of the ruby text. </p></li>
<li><p>distribute-space: If the width of the ruby text is smaller than that of the ruby base text, then the ruby text contents are evenly distributed across the width of the ruby base text, with a amount of white space preceding the first and following the last character in the ruby text. That amount of white space is normally equal to half the amount of inter-character space of the ruby text. If the width of the ruby text is at least the width of the ruby base text, then the same type of space distribution applies to the ruby base text. If the base is shorter than the ruby text, the base is distribute-space aligned. </p></li>
<li><p>left: ruby text to the left of ruby base text.</p></li>
<li><p>right: ruby text to the right of ruby base text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:ruby-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; 17.10.</p>
<p>The values of the style:ruby-align attribute are left, center, right, distribute-letter or distribute-space.</p>
<h2>style:ruby-position</h2>
<p>The style:ruby-position attribute specifies the vertical position of the ruby text in relationship to the ruby base.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:ruby-position attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>above: ruby text should be above ruby base text.</p></li>
<li><p>below: ruby text should be below ruby base text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:ruby-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:ruby-properties&gt; 17.10.</p>
<p>The values of the style:ruby-position attribute are above or below.</p>
<h2>style:run-through</h2>
<p>The style:run-through attribute specifies whether content of a frame is displayed in the background or foreground. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:run-through attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>background: frame content is displayed behind a text.</p></li>
<li><p>foreground: frame content is displayed in front of a text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is foreground.</p>
<p>Use of this attribute depends upon the presence of a style:wrap 20.400 attribute with the value run-through.</p>
<p>The style:run-through attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:run-through attribute are foreground or background.</p>
<h2>style:scale-to</h2>
<p>The style:scale-to attribute specifies that a document is to be scaled to a percentage value. A value of 100% means no scaling. </p>
<p>If style:scale-to, style:scale-to-pages 20.353, style:scale-to-X 20.354 and style:scale-to-Y 20.355 attributes are absent, a document is not scaled.</p>
<p>The style:scale-to attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:scale-to attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>style:scale-to-pages</h2>
<p>The style:scale-to-pages attribute specifies the number of pages on which a document should be printed. The document is scaled to fit a specified number of pages.</p>
<p>If style:scale-to-pages, style:scale-to 20.352, style:scale-to-X 20.354 and style:scale-to-Y 20.355 attributes are absent, a document is not scaled.</p>
<p>The style:scale-to-pages attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:scale-to-pages attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2> style:scale-to-X</h2>
<p>The style:scale-to-X attribute specifies the number of pages on which a document should be printed. The document is scaled to fit up to style:scale-to-X pages horizontally. If style:scale-to-X, style:scale-to-Y 20.355, style:scale-to-pages 20.353 and style:scale-to 20.352 are absent, a document is not scaled.</p>
<p>The style:scale-to-X attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:scale-to-X attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:scale-to-Y</h2>
<p>The style:scale-to-Y attribute specifies the number of pages on which a document should be printed. The document is scaled to fit up to style:scale-to-Y pages vertically. If style:scale-to-Y, style:scale-to-X 20.354, style:scale-to-pages 20.353 and style:scale-to 20.352 are absent, a document is not scaled.</p>
<p>The style:scale-to-Y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The style:scale-to-Y attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:script-asian</h2>
<p>The style:script-asian attribute specifies the script code of a text. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a style:language-asian 20.302 attribute.</p>
<p>The style:script-asian attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:script-asian attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<h2>style:script-complex</h2>
<p>The style:script-complex attribute specifies the script code of a text. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of [RFC5646], or its successors.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for [UNICODE] characters whose script type is complex. 20.358</p>
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a style:language-complex 20.303 attribute.</p>
<p>The style:script-complex attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:script-complex attribute has the data type scriptCode 18.3.29.</p>
<h2>style:script-type</h2>
<p>The style:script-type attribute specifies which script type dependent attributes ( fo:font-family 20.189, style:font-family-asian 20.302, style:font-family-complex 20.303) are currently active for a portion of text. The attribute may be evaluated by consumers that cannot determine the script types of Unicode characters to select the correct script type dependent formatting properties. Consumers that can determine script types of Unicode characters may also evaluate the attribute and overwrite the script type they determine for certain character with the value of the attribute. </p>
<p>Note: The usage of this attribute simplifies transformations from and to [CSS2]/[XSL] and other formats that do not have script-dependent attributes, and also can be used to assign script-types to weak [UNICODE] characters, where consumers may choose different script types.</p>
<p>The value ignore can be used only within default styles. If it is set, all script-dependent attributes are applied to all script types. This would mean that a fo:font-family would be applied to all script types as well as a style:font-family-asian or style:font-family-complex. </p>
<p>Note: Use of the ignore value simplifies saving documents with producers that do not support a script type.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:script-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>asian: all asian script type dependent attributes are active.</p></li>
<li><p>complex: all complex script type dependent attributes are active.</p></li>
<li><p>ignore: all script type dependent attributes are applied to all script types. This is available on default styles only.</p></li>
<li><p>latin: all latin script type dependent attributes are active.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The mapping of Unicode code points to script types is defined by table 22. Consumers should apply this mapping. For Unicode code points for which no mapping is defined, the mapping is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>Table 22 - Unicode Code Point to Script Type Mapping</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>Unicode Code Point Ranges</p></td><td><p>Script Type</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U+0003..U+001F, U+0021..U+009F, U+00A1..U+04FF, U+0530..U+058F, U+10A0..U+10FF, U+13A0..U+16FF, U+1E00..U+1FFF, U+2C60..U+2C7F, U+2C80..U+2CE3, U+A720..U+A7FF</p></td><td><p>latin</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U+0590..U+074F, U+0780..U+07BF, U+0900..U+109F, U+1200..U+137F, U+1780..U+18AF, U+FB50..U+FDFF, U+FE70..U+FEFF</p></td><td><p>complex</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>U+1100..U+11FF, U+2E80..U+31BF, U+31C0..U+31EF, U+3200..U+4DBF, U+4E00..U+A4CF, U+AC00..U+D7AF, U+F900..U+FAFF, U+FE30..U+FE4F, U+FF00..U+FFEF, U+20000..U+2A6DF, U+2F800..U+2FA1F</p></td><td><p>asian</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The style:script-type attribute specifies which script type dependent attributes are currently active for a portion of text. The attribute may be evaluated by consumers that do not support script types to select the correct script dependent formatting properties. Consumers that support script types may also evaluate the attribute and overwrite the script type they would evaluate for a specific character.</p>
<p>The style:script-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:script-type attribute are latin, asian, complex or ignore.</p>
<h2>style:shadow</h2>
<p>The style:shadow attribute specifies a shadow effect.</p>
<p>The defined values for this attribute are those defined in §7.16.5 of [XSL], except the value inherit.</p>
<p>The shadow effect is not applied to the text content of an element, but depending on the element where the attribute appears, to a paragraph, a text box, a page body, a header, a footer, a table or a table cell. </p>
<p>The style:shadow attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21, &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5, &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2, &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6, &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the style:shadow attribute are none or a value of type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:shrink-to-fit</h2>
<p>The style:shrink-to-fit attribute specifies whether content is reduced in size to fit within a cell or drawing object. Shrinking means that the font size of the content is decreased to fit the content into a cell or drawing object. The attribute has no effect on cells where the cell content already fits into the cell.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:shrink-to-fit attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: content should not be reduced in size to fit within a cell or drawing object.</p></li>
<li><p>true: content should be reduced in size to fit within a cell or drawing object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:shrink-to-fit attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The style:shrink-to-fit attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:snap-to-layout-grid</h2>
<p>The style:snap-to-layout-grid attribute specifies whether the layout of a paragraph should consider the layout grid settings of the page where it appears.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:snap-to-layout-grid attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: layout of a paragraph should not consider the layout grid settings of the page where it appears.</p></li>
<li><p>true: layout of a paragraph should consider the layout grid settings of the page where it appears.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:snap-to-layout-grid attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:snap-to-layout-grid attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:tab-stop-distance</h2>
<p>The style:tab-stop-distance attribute specifies the distance between default tab stops. A default tab stop is repeated automatically after the specified distance. Default tab stops are only evaluated if they are specified within a default style.</p>
<p>The style:tab-stop-distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:tab-stop-distance attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>style:table-centering</h2>
<p>The style:table-centering attribute specifies whether tables are centered horizontally and/or vertically on the page. This attribute only applies to spreadsheet documents.</p>
<p>The default is to align the table to the top-left or top-right corner of the page, depending of its writing direction.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:table-centering attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>both: tables should be centered both horizontally and vertically on the pages where they appear.</p></li>
<li><p>horizontal: tables should be centered horizontally on the pages where they appear.</p></li>
<li><p>none: tables should not be centered both horizontally or vertically on the pages where they appear.</p></li>
<li><p>vertical: tables should be centered vertically on the pages where they appear.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:table-centering attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:table-centering attribute are horizontal, vertical, both or none.</p>
<h2>style:text-align-source</h2>
<p>The style:text-align-source attribute specifies the source of a text-align attribute. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-align-source attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fix: content alignment uses the value of the fo:text-align 20.223 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>value-type: content alignment uses the value-type of the cell.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default alignment for a cell value-type string is left, for other value-types it is right. </p>
<p>The style:text-align-source attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-align-source attribute are fix or value-type.</p>
<h2>style:text-autospace</h2>
<p>The style:text-autospace attribute specifies whether to add space between portions of Asian, Western, and complex texts.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-autospace attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>ideograph-alpha: space should be added between portions of Asian, Western and complex texts.</p></li>
<li><p>none: space should not be added between portions of Asian, Western and complex texts.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-autospace attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-autospace attribute are none or ideograph-alpha.</p>
<h2>style:text-blinking</h2>
<p>The style:text-blinking attribute specifies whether text blinks.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-blinking attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text should not blink.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text should blink.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-blinking attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:text-blinking attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:text-combine</h2>
<p>The style:text-combine attribute specifies whether to combine characters so that they are displayed within two lines.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-combine attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>letters: Display text in Kumimoji. Up to five (5) characters are combined within two lines and are displayed with a reduced size in a single wide-cell character. Additional characters are displayed as normal text. </p></li>
<li><p>lines: Displays text in Warichu. All characters with the style:text-combine attribute that immediately follow each other are displayed within two lines of approximately the same length. A line break may occur between any two characters to meet this constraint. </p></li>
<li><p>none: characters should not be combined.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-combine attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-combine attribute are none, letters or lines.</p>
<h2>style:text-combine-start-char</h2>
<p>The style:text-combine-start-char attribute specifies the start character that is displayed before a portion of text whose style:text-combine 20.367 attribute has a value of lines.</p>
<p>The style:text-combine-start-char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:text-combine-start-char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<h2>style:text-combine-end-char</h2>
<p>The style:text-combine-end-char attribute specifies the end character that is displayed after a portion of text whose style:text-combine 20.367 attribute has a value of lines.</p>
<p>The style:text-combine-end-char attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:text-combine-end-char attribute has the data type character 18.3.7.</p>
<h2>style:text-emphasize</h2>
<p>The style:text-emphasize attribute specifies emphasis in a text composed of [UNICODE] characters whose script type is asian. 20.358</p>
<p>The value of this attribute consists of two white space-separated values.</p>
<p>The first value represents the style to use for emphasis. </p>
<p>The second value represents the position of the emphasis and it can be above or below. If the first value is none, the second value can be omitted.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-emphasize attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>accent: calligraphic accent strokes.</p></li>
<li><p>circle: hollow circles.</p></li>
<li><p>disc: filled circles.</p></li>
<li><p>dot: calligraphic dot.</p></li>
<li><p>none: no emphasis marks.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-emphasize attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-emphasize attribute are none, or two white space separated values. The first of these values is one of: none, accent, dot, circle or disc. The second of these values is one of: above or below.</p>
<h2>style:text-line-through-color</h2>
<p>The style:text-line-through-color attribute specifies the color that is used for line-through text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-color attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>font-color: current text color is used for underlining.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type color 18.3.9</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-line-through-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-line-through-color attribute are font-color or a value of type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>style:text-line-through-mode</h2>
<p>The style:text-line-through-mode attribute specifies whether lining through is applied to words only or to portions of text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>continuous: lining is applied to words and separating spaces.</p></li>
<li><p>skip-white-space: lining is not applied to spaces between words.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-line-through-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-line-through-mode attribute are continuous or skip-white-space.</p>
<h2>style:text-line-through-style</h2>
<p>The style:text-line-through-style attribute specifies a style for rendering a line-through text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-style attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: text has no line through it. </p></li>
<li><p>dash: text has a dashed line through it. </p></li>
<li><p>dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed by a dash through it.</p></li>
<li><p>dot-dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is two dots followed by a dash through it. </p></li>
<li><p>dotted: text has a dotted line through it. </p></li>
<li><p>long-dash: text has a dashed line whose dashes are longer than the ones from the dashed line for value dash through it. </p></li>
<li><p>solid: text has a solid line through it. </p></li>
<li><p>wave: text has a wavy line through it. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the style:text-line-through-style attribute are based on the text decoration style &#039;text-line-through-style&#039; from [CSS3Text], §9.2.</p>
<p>The style:text-line-through-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-line-through-style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<h2>style:text-line-through-text</h2>
<p>The style:text-line-through-text attribute specifies a text that is used for line-through. The attribute will be evaluated only if the value of style:text-line-through-style 20.373 attribute is different than none.</p>
<p>If the attribute value is not empty, the attribute value string is used for line-through instead of the line style that has been specified by the style:text-line-through-style attribute. Consumers that do not support line-through with text should ignore the attribute, and should use the line style specified by the style:text-line-through-style attribute.</p>
<p>Consumers that support line-through with single characters only, should use the first character of the value for line-through, if the style:text-line-through-text attribute value has more than one character. Consumers that support line-through with specific characters only (like ”x” or ”/” (U+002F, SOLIDUS) should use one of these characters if the attribute specifies characters that are not supported.</p>
<p>The style:text-line-through-text attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:text-line-through-text attribute has the data type string 18.2.</p>
<h2>style:text-line-through-text-style</h2>
<p>The style:text-line-through-text-style specifies a text style that is applied to text-line-through characters. It is not applied to line-through lines. If the attribute appears in an automatic style, it may reference either an automatic text style or a common style. If the attribute appears in a common style, it may reference a common style only.</p>
<p>The style:text-line-through-text-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:text-line-through-text-style attribute has the data type styleNameRef 18.3.32.</p>
<h2>style:text-line-through-type</h2>
<p>The style:text-line-through-type attribute specifies whether text is lined through, and if so, whether a single or double line will be used. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>double: a double line should be used for a line-through text.</p></li>
<li><p>none: deprecated.</p></li>
<li><p>single: a single line should be used for a line-through text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Every occurrence of the style:text-line-through-type attribute should be accompanied by an occurrence of the style:text-line-through-style 20.373 attribute on the same element. There should not be an occurrence of the style:text-line-through-type attribute if the value of the style:text-line-through-style attribute is none. </p>
<p>The style:text-line-through-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-line-through-type attribute are none, single or double.</p>
<h2>style:text-line-through-width</h2>
<p>The style:text-line-through-width attribute specifies the width of a line-through line. The value bold specifies a line width that is calculated from the font sizes like an auto width, but is wider than an auto width.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-width attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: the width of a line-through should be calculated from the font size of the text where the line-through will appear. </p></li>
<li><p>bold: the width of a line-through should be calculated from the font size of the text where the line-through will appear but is wider than for the value of auto. </p></li>
<li><p>a value of type percent 18.3.23</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveInteger 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The line-through text styles referenced by the values dash, medium, thick and thin, are implementation-defined. Thin shall be smaller width than medium and medium shall be a smaller width than thick. </p>
<p>The style:text-line-through-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-line-through-width attribute are auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type positiveInteger 18.2, a value of type percent 18.3.23 or a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:text-outline</h2>
<p>The style:text-outline attribute specifies whether to display an outline of text or the text itself. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-outline attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text itself should be displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: outline of text should be displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-outline attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:text-outline attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:text-overline-color</h2>
<p>The style:text-overline-color attribute specifies a color that is used to overline text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-overline-color attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>font-color: the current text color is used for overlining.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type color</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-overline-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-overline-color attribute are font-color or a value of type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>style:text-overline-mode</h2>
<p>The style:text-overline-mode attribute specifies whether overlining is applied to words only or to portions of text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-line-through-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>continuous: overlining is applied to words and separating spaces.</p></li>
<li><p>skip-white-space: overlining is not applied to spaces between words.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-overline-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-overline-mode attribute are continuous or skip-white-space.</p>
<h2>style:text-overline-style</h2>
<p>The style:text-overline-style attribute specifies a style for rendering a line over text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-overline-style attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: text has no overlining. </p></li>
<li><p>dash: text has a dashed line overlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed by a dash overlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>dot-dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is two dots followed by a dash overlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>dotted: text has a dotted line overlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>long-dash: text has a dashed line whose dashes are longer than the ones from the dashed line for value dash overlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>solid: text has a solid line overlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>wave: text has a wavy line overlining it.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the style:text-overline-style attribute are based on the text decoration style &#039;text-overline-style&#039; from [CSS3Text], §9.2.</p>
<p>The style:text-overline-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-overline-style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<h2>style:text-overline-type</h2>
<p>The style:text-overline-type attribute specifies the type of overlining applied to a text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-overline-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>double: a double line should be used for overlining text.</p></li>
<li><p>none: deprecated.</p></li>
<li><p>single: a single line should be used for overlining text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Every occurrence of the style:text-overline-type attribute should be accompanied by an occurrence of the style:text-overline-style 20.381 attribute on the same element. There should not be an occurrence of the style:text-overline-type attribute if the value of the style:text-overline-style attribute is none. </p>
<p>The style:text-overline-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-overline-type attribute are none, single or double.</p>
<h2>style:text-overline-width</h2>
<p>The style:text-overline-width attribute specifies the width of an overline. The value bold specifies a line width that is calculated from the font sizes like an auto width, but is wider than an auto width.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-overline-width attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: the width of an overline should be calculated from the font size of the text where the overline will appear. </p></li>
<li><p>bold: the width of an overline should be calculated from the font size of the text where the overline will appear but is wider than for the value of auto.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type percent 18.3.23</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveInteger 18.2</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The overline text styles referenced by the values dash, medium, thick and thin, are implementation-defined. Thin shall be smaller width than medium and medium shall be a smaller width than thick. </p>
<p>The style:text-overline-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-overline-width attribute are auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type positiveInteger 18.2, a value of type percent 18.3.23 or a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:text-position</h2>
<p>The style:text-position attribute specifies whether text is positioned above or below the baseline and to specify the relative font height that is used for this text.</p>
<p>This attribute can have one or two values.</p>
<p>The first value shall be present and specifies the vertical text position as a percentage of the current font height or it takes one of the values sub or super. Negative percentages or the sub value place the text below the baseline. Positive percentages or the super value place the text above the baseline. If sub or super is specified, the consumer chooses an appropriate text position.</p>
<p>The second value may be present and specifies the font height as a percentage of the current font-height. If this value is not specified, an appropriate font height is used. </p>
<p>The style:text-position attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:text-position attribute has one or two white space separated values. The first values is of type percent 18.3.23, or is one of: super or sub. The second value is of type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>style:text-rotation-angle</h2>
<p>The style:text-rotation-angle attribute specifies an angle to which text is rotated. The value of this attribute can be any integer, which specifies the rotation angle in degrees, or an angle as specified in angle. 18.3.1</p>
<p>If more than one character is selected, the entire selection is rotated as a block.</p>
<p>The style:text-rotation-angle attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:text-rotation-angle attribute has the data type angle 18.3.1.</p>
<h2>style:text-rotation-scale</h2>
<p>The style:text-rotation-scale attribute specifies whether for rotated text the width of the text should be scaled to fit into the current line height or the width of the text should remain fixed, therefore changing the current line height.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-rotation-scale attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>fixed: width of text should remain fixed.</p></li>
<li><p>line-height: width of text should be scaled to fit the current line height.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-rotation-scale attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-rotation-scale attribute are fixed or line-height.</p>
<h2>style:text-scale</h2>
<p>The style:text-scale attribute specifies whether to decrease or increase the width of text by scaling the font width.</p>
<p>The style:text-scale attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:text-scale attribute has the data type percent 18.3.23.</p>
<h2>style:text-underline-color</h2>
<p>The style:text-underline-color attribute specifies a color that is used to underline text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-underline-color attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>font-color: the current text color is used for underlining.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type color: the color to be used for underlining.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-underline-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-underline-color attribute are font-color or a value of type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>style:text-underline-mode</h2>
<p>The style:text-underline-mode attribute specifies whether underlining is applied to words only or to portions of text. If underlining is applied to text portions, the spaces between words and the words are underlined. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-underline-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>continuous: underlining is applied to words and separating spaces.</p></li>
<li><p>skip-white-space: underlining is not applied to spaces between words.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:text-underline-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-underline-mode attribute are continuous or skip-white-space.</p>
<h2>style:text-underline-style</h2>
<p>The style:text-underline-style attribute specifies a style for underlining text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-underline-style attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>none: text has no underlining. </p></li>
<li><p>dash: text has a dashed line underlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed by a dash underlining it.</p></li>
<li><p>dot-dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is two dots followed by a dash underlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>dotted: text has a dotted line underlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>long-dash: text has a dashed line whose dashes are longer than the ones from the dashed line for value dash underlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>solid: text has a solid line underlining it. </p></li>
<li><p>wave: text has a wavy line underlining it. </p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the style:text-underline-style attribute are based on the text decoration style &#039;text-underline-style&#039; from [CSS3Text], §9.2.</p>
<p>The style:text-underline-style attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-underline-style attribute are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<h2>style:text-underline-type</h2>
<p>The style:text-underline-type attribute specifies the type of underlining applied to a text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-underline-type attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>double: a double line should be used for underlining applied to a text.</p></li>
<li><p>none: deprecated.</p></li>
<li><p>single: a single line should be used for underlining applied to a text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Every occurrence of the style:text-underline-type attribute should be accompanied by an occurrence of the style:text-underline-style 20.390 attribute on the same element. There should not be an occurrence of the style:text-underline-type attribute if the value of the style:text-underline-style attribute is none. </p>
<p>The style:text-underline-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-underline-type attribute are none, single or double.</p>
<h2>style:text-underline-width</h2>
<p>The style:text-underline-width attribute specifies the width of an underline. The value bold specifies a line width that is calculated from the font sizes like an auto width, but is wider than an auto width.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:text-underline-width attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: the width of an underline should be calculated from the font size of the text where the underline will appear. </p></li>
<li><p>bold: the width of an underline should be calculated from the font size of the text where the underline will appear but is wider than for the value of auto.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type percent 18.3.23.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveInteger 18.2.</p></li>
<li><p>a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The underline text styles referenced by the values dash, medium, thick and thin, are implementation-defined. Thin shall be smaller width than medium and medium shall be a smaller width than thick. </p>
<p>The style:text-underline-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The values of the style:text-underline-width attribute are auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type positiveInteger 18.2, a value of type percent 18.3.23 or a value of type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:use-optimal-column-width</h2>
<p>The style:use-optimal-column-width attribute specifies that a column width should be recalculated automatically if content in the column changes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:use-optimal-column-width attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: column width should not be recalculated automatically if content in the column changes.</p></li>
<li><p>true: column width should be recalculated automatically if content in the column changes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:use-optimal-column-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-column-properties&gt; 17.16.</p>
<p>The style:use-optimal-column-width attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:use-optimal-row-height</h2>
<p>The style:use-optimal-row-height attribute specifies that a row height should be recalculated automatically if content in the row changes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:use-optimal-row-height attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: row height should not be recalculated automatically if content in the row changes.</p></li>
<li><p>true: row height should be recalculated automatically if content in the row changes.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:use-optimal-row-height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-row-properties&gt; 17.17.</p>
<p>The style:use-optimal-row-height attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:use-window-font-color</h2>
<p>The style:use-window-font-color attribute specifies whether the window foreground color should be used as the foreground color for a light background color and white for a dark background color. The determination of light or dark color is implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:use-window-font-color attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: the foreground color is specified by the fo:color attribute. </p></li>
<li><p>true: windows foreground color should be used as the foreground color for a light background color and white for a dark background color.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:use-window-font-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The style:use-window-font-color attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:vertical-align</h2>
<h3>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute specifies the vertical position of a character. By default characters are aligned according to their baseline. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:vertical-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>auto: automatically, which sets the vertical alignment to suit the text rotation. Text that is rotated 0 or 90 degrees is aligned to the baseline, while text that is rotated 270 degrees is aligned to the center of the line.</p></li>
<li><p>baseline: to the baseline of the character.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom: to the bottom of the line.</p></li>
<li><p>middle: to the center of the line.</p></li>
<li><p>top: to the top of the line.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the style:vertical-align attribute are top, middle, bottom, auto or baseline.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute specifies the vertical alignment of text in a table cell. The options for the vertical alignment attribute are as follows:</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:vertical-align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>automatic: consumer determines how to align the text.</p></li>
<li><p>bottom: aligns text vertically with the bottom of the cell.</p></li>
<li><p>middle: aligns text vertically with the middle of the cell.</p></li>
<li><p>top: aligns text vertically with the top of the cell.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:vertical-align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:vertical-align attribute are top, middle, bottom or automatic.</p>
<h2>style:vertical-pos</h2>
<p>The style:vertical-pos attribute specifies the vertical alignment of a frame relative to a specific area.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:vertical-pos attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>below: the top corner of the frame is positioned below the reference area. </p></li>
<li><p>bottom: the bottom of the frame is aligned with the reference area.</p></li>
<li><p>from-top: the svg:y attribute associated with the frame element specifies the vertical position of the frame. Otherwise, the svg:y attribute is ignored for text documents.</p></li>
<li><p>middle: the middle of the frame is aligned with the reference area.</p></li>
<li><p>top: the top of the frame is aligned with the reference area.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:vertical-pos attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The values of the style:vertical-pos attribute are top, middle, bottom, from-top or below.</p>
<h2>style:vertical-rel</h2>
<p>The style:vertical-rel attribute specifies the area against which the vertical position of a frame is positioned.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:vertical-rel attribute are:</p>
<p>baseline: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a baseline.</p>
<p>char: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a character.</p>
<p>frame: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a frame.</p>
<p>frame-content: vertical position of frame positioned relative to frame content.</p>
<p>line: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a line.</p>
<p>page: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a page.</p>
<p>page-content: vertical position of frame positioned relative to page content.</p>
<p>paragraph: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a paragraph.</p>
<p>paragraph-content: vertical position of frame positioned relative to paragraph content.</p>
<p>text: vertical position of frame positioned relative to text.</p>
<p>Table 23 displays the defined values of style:vertical-rel and text:anchor-type attributes. Value combinations that can appear in a document are marked with an X.</p>
<p>Table 23 - Vertical Relation Values</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>Value of style:vertical-rel</p></th><th colspan="5"><table>
<tbody>
<tr><td colspan="5"><p>Value of text:anchor-type</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>frame</p></td><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td><p>char</p></td><td><p>as-char</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>baseline</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>char</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>frame</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>frame-content</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>line</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page-content</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>paragraph-content</p></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td><td><p>X</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>text</p></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><p>X</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The style:vertical-rel attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 and &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The values of the style:vertical-rel attribute are page, page-content, frame, frame-content, paragraph, paragraph-content, char, line, baseline or text.</p>
<h2>style:width</h2>
<p>The style:width attribute specifies the fixed width of a table. Every table shall have a fixed width. </p>
<p>The style:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The style:width attribute has the data type positiveLength 18.3.26.</p>
<h2>style:wrap</h2>
<p>The style:wrap attribute specifies how text is displayed around a frame or graphic object. </p>
<p>The defined values for the style:wrap attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>biggest: text may wrap around the shape where the difference to the left or right page or column border is largest.</p></li>
<li><p>dynamic: text may wrap around both sides of the shape. The space for wrapping is set by the style:wrap-dynamic-threshold 20.403 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>left: text wraps around the left side of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>none: text does not wrap around the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>parallel: text wraps around both sides of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>right: text wraps around the right side of the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>run-through: text runs through the shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:wrap attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:wrap attribute are none, left, right, parallel, dynamic, run-through or biggest.</p>
<h2>style:wrap-contour</h2>
<p>The style:wrap-contour attribute specifies whether text wraps around an object or the bounding box of the object.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:wrap-contour attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text wraps around the bounding box.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text wraps around the object.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>This is called contour wrapping.</p>
<p>The style:wrap-contour attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The style:wrap-contour attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>style:wrap-contour-mode</h2>
<p>The style:wrap-contour-mode attribute specifies the nature of the wrapping of text around the contour of a shape.</p>
<p>This attribute shall be evaluated only by frames/drawing shapes or styles with non-empty style:wrap 20.400 and style:wrap-contour 20.401 attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:wrap-contour-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>full: text wraps around the shape and fills any spaces and indentations in the shape.</p></li>
<li><p>outside: text wraps around the general area to the left and right of the shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:wrap-contour-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:wrap-contour-mode attribute are full or outside.</p>
<h2>style:wrap-dynamic-threshold</h2>
<p>The style:wrap-dynamic-threshold attribute specifies the minimum distance between the page or column border and the object for which wrapping will be enabled. It is evaluated only if a style:wrap 20.400 attribute, with the value dynamic, appears on the same &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21 element.</p>
<p>The style:wrap-dynamic-threshold attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The style:wrap-dynamic-threshold attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>style:writing-mode</h2>
<h3>General</h3>
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute specifies a writing mode for an element. </p>
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL] with the additional value of page.</p>
<p>The defined value of style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears. </p>
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL].</p>
<p>The defined value for the style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears. </p>
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt; 17.2.</p>
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL] with the additional value of page.</p>
<p>The defined value for the style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears.</p>
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL] with the additional value of page.</p>
<p>The defined value for the style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears.</p>
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL] with the additional value of page.</p>
<p>The defined value for the style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears.</p>
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt; 17.18.</p>
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of [XSL] with the additional value of page.</p>
<p>The defined value for the style:writing-mode attribute is page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where this attribute appears.</p>
<p>The style:writing-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the style:writing-mode attribute are lr-tb, rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h2>style:writing-mode-automatic</h2>
<p>The style:writing-mode-automatic attribute specifies whether a consumer may recalculate the writing mode of a paragraph based on its content whenever the content is edited. </p>
<p>The writing-mode should be specified in a style:writing-mode attribute.</p>
<p>If the fo:text-align with value start, text alignment can be adapted to the writing mode.</p>
<p>The defined values for the style:writing-mode-automatic attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: consumers should not recalculate writing mode of a paragraph whenever its content is edited.</p></li>
<li><p>true: consumers should recalculate writing mode of a paragraph whenever its content is edited.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The style:writing-mode-automatic attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The style:writing-mode-automatic attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>svg:fill-rule</h2>
<p>See §11.3 of [SVG].</p>
<p>OpenDocument does not support the value inherit.</p>
<p>The svg:fill-rule attribute is usable with the following elements: &lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 and &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:fill-rule attribute are nonzero or evenodd.</p>
<h2>svg:height</h2>
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute specifies a default height for new frames that are created using the graphics style. See 19.543.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute specifies the height of a header or footer.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt; 17.5.</p>
<p>The svg:height attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>svg:stroke-color</h2>
<p>The svg:stroke-color attribute specifies the color of a stroke.</p>
<p>The svg:stroke-color attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The svg:stroke-color attribute has the data type color 18.3.9.</p>
<h2>svg:stroke-opacity</h2>
<p>The svg:stroke-opacity attribute specifies the opacity of a stroke. The value of this attribute can be a number between 0 (transparent) and 1 (opaque) or a percentage value in the range 0% to 100%.</p>
<p>The svg:stroke-opacity attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the svg:stroke-opacity attribute are a value of type double 18.2 in the range [0,1] or a value of type zeroToHundredPercent 18.3.41.</p>
<h2>svg:stroke-width</h2>
<p>The svg:stroke-width attribute specifies the width of a stroke.</p>
<p>The svg:stroke-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The svg:stroke-width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>svg:x</h2>
<p>The svg:x attribute specifies a default horizontal position for new frames that are created using the graphics style. See 19.577.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The svg:x attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h2>svg:y</h2>
<h3>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies a default vertical position for new frames that are created using the graphics style. See 19.581.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h3>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:y attribute specifies the vertical position of a bullet image.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The svg:y attribute has the data type coordinate 18.3.10.</p>
<h2>svg:width</h2>
<p>The svg:width attribute specifies a default width for new frames that are created using the graphics style. See 19.575.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The svg:width attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>table:align</h2>
<p>The table:align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment of a table.</p>
<p>The defined values for the table:align attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>center: table aligns to the center between left and right margins.</p></li>
<li><p>left: table aligns to the left margin.</p></li>
<li><p>margins: table fills all the space between the left and right margins.</p></li>
<li><p>right: table aligns to the right margin.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Consumers that do not support the margins value, may treat this value as left.</p>
<p>The table:align attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the table:align attribute are left, center, right or margins.</p>
<h2>table:border-model</h2>
<p>The table:border-model attribute specifies what border model to use when creating a table with a border. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:border-model attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>collapsing: when two adjacent cells have different borders, the wider border appears as the border between the cells. Each cell receives half of the width of the border.</p></li>
<li><p>separating: borders appear within the cell that specifies the border.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>In OpenDocument, a row height or column width includes any space required to display borders or padding. This means that, while the width and height of the content area is less than the column width and row height, the sum of the widths of all columns is equal to the total width of the table.</p>
<p>The table:border-model attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The values of the table:border-model attribute are collapsing or separating.</p>
<h2>table:display</h2>
<p>The table:display attribute specifies whether a table is displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the table:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: table should not be displayed.</p></li>
<li><p>true: table should be displayed.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The table:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15.</p>
<p>The table:display attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:anchor-page-number</h2>
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute specifies the physical page number of an anchor if the drawing object is bound to a page within a text document.</p>
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The text:anchor-page-number attribute has the data type positiveInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:anchor-type</h2>
<p>The text:anchor-type attribute specifies how a drawing shape is bound to a text document. The anchor position is the point at which a drawing shape is bound to a text document. </p>
<p>The same attribute is available as an element attribute text:anchor-type 19.759.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:anchor-type attribute are shown in Table 24.</p>
<p>Table 24 - Text anchor positions</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>If the value of the text:anchor-type attribute is ...</p></th><th><p>The anchor position is...</p></th><th><p>The drawing shape element shall be located in the file text ...</p></th><th><p>Notes</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>as-char</p></td><td><p>There is no anchor position. The drawing shape behaves like a character.</p></td><td><p>At the position where the character appears in the document.</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>char</p></td><td><p>The character after the drawing shape element.</p></td><td><p>Just before the character.</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>frame</p></td><td><p>The parent text box that the current drawing shape element is contained in.</p></td><td><p>In the element representing the text box to which the drawing object is bound.</p><p>If an image is bound to a text box, the image element is located in the text box element.</p></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>page</p></td><td><p>The page that has the same physical page number as the value of the text:anchor-page-number attribute that is attached to the drawing shape element. If no text:anchor-page-number attribute is given, the anchor position is the page at which the character behind the drawing object element appears.</p></td><td><p>Either</p><ul>
<li><p>At the start of the document body, outside any paragraph or frame, provided a text:anchor-page-number attribute is given.</p></li>
</ul><p>Or</p><ul>
<li><p>Inside any paragraph element that is not contained in a header, footer, footnote, or text box, if a text:anchor-page-number attribute is not given.</p></li>
</ul></td><td><p>The physical page number is the number assigned to the page if all pages in the document are counted starting with page 1.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>paragraph</p></td><td><p>The paragraph that the current drawing shape element is contained in.</p></td><td><p>At the start of the paragraph element.</p></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The text:anchor-type attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the text:anchor-type attribute are page, frame, paragraph, char or as-char.</p>
<h2>text:animation</h2>
<p>The text:animation attribute specifies the type of animation that is used for a text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:animation attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>alternate: scrolls the text from one side to another and back.</p></li>
<li><p>none: disables the text animation.</p></li>
<li><p>scroll: scrolls the text from one side to another.</p></li>
<li><p>slide: scrolls the text from one side to the original text position and stops there.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:animation attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the text:animation attribute are none, scroll, alternate or slide.</p>
<h2>text:animation-delay</h2>
<p>The text:animation-delay attribute specifies a delay before an animation is started.</p>
<p>The text:animation-delay attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The text:animation-delay attribute has the data type duration 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:animation-direction</h2>
<p>The text:animation-direction attribute specifies the scroll direction of animated text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:animation-direction attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>down: animated text scrolls down.</p></li>
<li><p>left: animated text scrolls left.</p></li>
<li><p>right: animated text scrolls right.</p></li>
<li><p>up: animated text scrolls up.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:animation-direction attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The values of the text:animation-direction attribute are left, right, up or down.</p>
<h2>text:animation-repeat</h2>
<p>The text:animation-repeat attribute specifies the number of times an animation is repeated. If the value of the attribute is 0, the animation is repeated indefinitely.</p>
<p>The text:animation-repeat attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The text:animation-repeat attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:animation-start-inside</h2>
<p>The text:animation-start-inside attribute specifies if a text animation starts inside or outside a shape. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:animation-start-inside attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text starts its animation just outside the shape&#039;s bounding rectangle.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text starts its animation inside the shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:animation-start-inside attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The text:animation-start-inside attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:animation-steps</h2>
<p>The text:animation-steps attribute specifies the distance by which text is moved within a scrolling step.</p>
<p>The text:animation-steps attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The text:animation-steps attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<h2>text:animation-stop-inside</h2>
<p>The text:animation-stop-inside attribute specifies if a text animation stops inside or outside a shape. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:animation-stop-inside attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text stops its animation outside the shape&#039;s bounding rectangle.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text stops its animation when it is inside the shape.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:animation-stop-inside attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:graphic-properties&gt; 17.21.</p>
<p>The text:animation-stop-inside attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:condition</h2>
<p>The text:condition attribute specifies the display of text.</p>
<p>The defined value of the text:condition attribute is none, which means text is hidden.</p>
<p>The text:condition attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<p>The only value of the text:condition attribute is none.</p>
<h2>text:display</h2>
<p>The text:display attribute specifies whether text is hidden. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:display attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>condition: text is hidden under the condition specified in the text:condition 20.426 attribute.</p></li>
<li><p>none: text is hidden unconditionally.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text is displayed. This is the default setting.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:display attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29.</p>
<h2>text:dont-balance-text-columns</h2>
<p>The text:dont-balance-text-columns attribute specifies whether the text column content should be evenly distributed over all text columns or not.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:dont-balance-text-columns attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: text column content should not be evenly distributed over all text columns in a set of columns.</p></li>
<li><p>true: text column content should be evenly distributed over all text columns in a set of columns.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:dont-balance-text-columns attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:section-properties&gt; 17.11.</p>
<p>The text:dont-balance-text-columns attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:line-break</h2>
<p>The text:line-break attribute specifies whether word wrapping is allowed for axis labels.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a &lt;chart:axis&gt; 11.9 element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:line-break attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: word wrapping should not be allowed for axis labels.</p></li>
<li><p>true: word wrapping should be allowed for axis labels.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:line-break attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:chart-properties&gt; 17.22.</p>
<p>The text:line-break attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:line-number</h2>
<p>The text:line-number attribute specifies a new start value for line numbering, if a text:number-lines 20.434 attribute, with the value true, appears on the same &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 element. Otherwise, this attribute shall be ignored.</p>
<p>The text:line-number attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The text:line-number attribute has the data type nonNegativeInteger 18.2.</p>
<h2>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</h2>
<p>The text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute specifies how the position and spacing of the list labels (numbers or bullets) is defined. </p>
<p>The defined values for the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>label-alignment: The &lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt; 17.20 element and the fo:text-align 20.223 attribute are used to define the position and spacing of the list label and the list item. The values of the attributes for text:space-before 20.435, text:min-label-width 20.433 and text:min-label-distance 20.432 are assumed to be 0.</p></li>
<li><p>label-width-and-position: The text:space-before, text:min-label-width, text:min-label-distance and fo:text-align attributes are used to define the position and spacing of the list label and the list item.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The default value of the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute is label-width-and-position. </p>
<p>The text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The values of the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute are label-width-and-position or label-alignment.</p>
<h2>text:min-label-distance</h2>
<p>The text:min-label-distance attribute specifies the minimum distance between a number and a list item.</p>
<p>The content of a list label is rendered inside a specified minimum width - text:min-label-width. 20.433 The text of a list item is rendered following the label width area. If the distance between a list label and the text of a list item is smaller than the value of the text:min-label-distance attribute, the following actions are performed. First, the content of the list label is moved inside the specified minimum label width up to the value of the text:min-label-distance attribute. If that does not result in a value equal to the text:min-label-distance attribute, the text of the list item is moved until the distance between the list label and text of list item equals the value of the text:min-label-distance attribute.</p>
<p>This attribute can be associated with a formatting properties element that is contained in a &lt;text:list-level-style-*&gt; element.</p>
<p>The attribute will be evaluated only if the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode attribute has the value label-width-and-position or is not present. </p>
<p>The text:min-label-distance attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The text:min-label-distance attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>text:min-label-width</h2>
<p>The text:min-label-width attribute specifies the minimum width of a list label.</p>
<p>This attribute can be associated with a formatting properties element that is contained in a &lt;text:list-level-style-*&gt; element.</p>
<p>The list label can be aligned horizontally within the specified minimum width using the fo:text-align 20.223 attribute. If the actual width of the list label is greater than the specified minimum width no alignment takes place.</p>
<p>The attribute will be evaluated only if the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode 20.431 attribute has the value label-width-and-position or is not present. </p>
<p>The text:min-label-width attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The text:min-label-width attribute has the data type nonNegativeLength 18.3.20.</p>
<h2>text:number-lines</h2>
<p>The text:number-lines attribute specifies whether lines are numbered.</p>
<p>The defined values for the text:number-lines attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: lines should not be numbered.</p></li>
<li><p>true: lines should be numbered.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The text:number-lines attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6.</p>
<p>The text:number-lines attribute has the data type boolean 18.3.3.</p>
<h2>text:space-before</h2>
<p>The text:space-before attribute specifies the space to include before a number for all paragraphs at a specified level. If a paragraph has a left margin greater than 0, the position of the list label box is the left margin width plus the start indent value.</p>
<p>This attribute can be associated with a formatting properties element that is contained in a &lt;text:list-level-style-*&gt; element.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated only if the text:list-level-position-and-space-mode 20.431 attribute has the value label-width-and-position or is not present. </p>
<p>The text:space-before attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The text:space-before attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>OpenDocument Relax NG Schema</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The OpenDocument Relax-NG (see [RNG]) schema is defined by a separate document, whose location can be found in the Additional artifacts section on the introductory pages.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>OpenDocument Metadata Manifest Ontology</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The OpenDocument metadata manifest ontology is defined by a separate document, whose location can be found in the Additional artifacts section on the introductory pages.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>MIME Types and File Name Extensions (Non Normative)</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The following table contains a list of MIME types and file name extensions for OpenDocument documents, that, at the time this specification is published, have been registered according to [RFC6838]. Please see [MIMETYPES] for a current list of registered MIME types.</p>
<p>Registered MIME types are for use with documents contained in OpenDocument packages. </p>
<p>Table 25 - Registered MIME types</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>MIME type</p></th><th><p>Ext.</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text</p></td><td><p>odt</p></td><td><p>Text document</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/<br />
  vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template</p></td><td><p>ott</p></td><td><p>Text document used as template</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics</p></td><td><p>odg</p></td><td><p>Graphics document (Drawing)</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/<br />
  vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template</p></td><td><p>otg</p></td><td><p>Drawing document used as template</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation</p></td><td><p>odp</p></td><td><p>Presentation document</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/<br />
  vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template</p></td><td><p>otp</p></td><td><p>Presentation document used as template</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet</p></td><td><p>ods</p></td><td><p>Spreadsheet document</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/<br />
  vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template</p></td><td><p>ots</p></td><td><p>Spreadsheet document used as template</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart</p></td><td><p>odc</p></td><td><p>Chart document</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/<br />
  vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template</p></td><td><p>otc</p></td><td><p>Chart document used as template</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image</p><p>(deprecated)</p></td><td><p>odi</p></td><td><p>Image document</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/<br />
  vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template</p><p>(deprecated)</p></td><td><p>oti</p></td><td><p>Image document used as template</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula</p></td><td><p>odf</p></td><td><p>Formula document</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/<br />
  vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula-template</p></td><td><p>otf</p></td><td><p>Formula document used as template</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master</p></td><td><p>odm</p></td><td><p>Global Text document. See section 19.812.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master-template</p></td><td><p>otm</p></td><td><p>Global text document used as template</p></td></tr>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web</p></td><td><p>oth</p></td><td><p>Text document used as template for HTML documents</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table contains a list of MIME types and file name extensions for office documents that conform to this specification where a registration according to [RFC6838] is in progress at the time this specification is published.</p>
<p>Please check [MIMETYPES] before using these MIME types. If a MIME type is not listed there, the MIME type that is the result of inserting &quot;x-&quot; behind the &quot;/&quot; (U+002F, SOLIDUS) character (application/x-vnd.oasis.opendocument.text) should be used.</p>
<p>Table 26 - Recommended MIME types</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><p>MIME type</p></th><th><p>Ext.</p></th><th><p>Description</p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><p>application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.base</p></td><td><p>odb</p></td><td><p>Database front end document</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>Accessibility Guidelines (Non Normative)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Title, Description and Caption of Graphical Elements</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>OpenDocument provides conventions to support accessible names, descriptions and captions for graphical elements.</p>
<p>Accessible names, if available, are represented by the &lt;svg:title&gt; 10.3.17 element.  If the &lt;svg:title&gt; element is not available, any text referenced by a draw:caption-id 19.115 attribute is used as the title. </p>
<p>When transforming from another document format to OpenDocument the short names, like HTML&#039;s alt text on the &lt;img&gt; elements shall be mapped to the &lt;svg:title&gt; element.</p>
<p>User agents shall not manufacture names for the &lt;svg:title&gt; element, such as using the drawing object name followed by a cardinal number in a string as it is used for accessibility. Such name assignments provide no semantic meaning to the user.</p>
<p>Accessible descriptions, if available, are represented by the &lt;svg:desc&gt; 10.3.18 element. </p>
<p>If a user agent supports relationships between graphic elements and their captions, the value of the draw:caption-id attribute for a graphical element should be used to for that relationship. 19.115</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><ul>
<li><ul>
<li><p>Guidance for authors</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>Authors should not assign names to objects having no semantic value. If no name is assigned the caption text will be used in its place. The &lt;svg:title&gt; element shall take precedence over the caption text for accessible name assignment by the user agent.</p>
<p>Assignment of the long description should only be necessary when a drawing object is significantly complex and the user needs more information to describe it. Long descriptions would be more applicable to drawing groupings than basic drawing shapes.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><ul>
<li><ul>
<li><p>Authoring tool responsibility for presenting and prompting for the &lt;svg:title&gt; and &lt;svg:desc&gt; elements</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>Authoring tools should provide an option from an objects context menu to allow the user to enter the text for either of these elements as a minimum. More proactive authoring tools should have a facility for prompting the author for this text. Since the &lt;svg:desc&gt; element is a long description, a text area vs. a text field should be used to prompt the user accordingly in GUI-based authoring tools like office applications.</p>
<p>Navigation tools used to list the objects in the view should provide the type of object followed by the contents of &lt;svg:title&gt; element. </p>
<p>For &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15 elements the drawing objects which are members of the group should visible only when the group is expanded.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><ul>
<li><p>Hyperlink Titles</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>When transforming from another document format to OpenDocument the alt text of hyperlinks, shall be mapped to the office:title attribute of &lt;text:a&gt; 6.1.8 elements or &lt;draw:a&gt; 10.4.12 elements. When exporting OpenDocument documents to HTML, the contents of title text should be mapped to title attribute text on HTML anchor tags. As a minimum, authoring tools should provide a mechanism to provide the hint text.</p>
<p>The title text should be made accessible to the assistive technology and user. The user agent should allow for programmatic access through standard accessibility APIs such as the accessible description. Users should experience visible access to the hint text via the keyboard or mouse.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><ul>
<li><p>Tables in Presentations</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>Users importing non-OpenDocument slides that contain tables need access to the table structure via their assistive technology. Therefore tables imported into an OpenDocument application from another file format must have their structure preserved, and when saved as OpenDocument should be saved as as embedded spreadsheets.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><ul>
<li><p>Further Guidelines</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>Additional, non-normative Accessibility Guidelines are available at: <a href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/office-accessibility/v1.0/ODF_Accessibility_Guidelines-v1.0.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/office-accessibility/v1.0/ODF_Accessibility_Guidelines-v1.0.html</a>. That more comprehensive document will be the up-to-date set of recommendations for what all OpenDocument applications should do in order to fully support accessibility.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>Bidirectional (BiDi) Scripts, Numeric Digits Presentation and Calendars (Non Normative)</p></li>
</ol>
<p>This appendix specifies how bidirectional (BiDi) scripts and related information are represented in OpenDocument.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><ul>
<li><p>Paragraph and Layout Direction</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>In OpenDocument, the direction of text runs inside a paragraph is calculated using the Unicode BiDi Algorithm. See [UAX9]. The paragraph direction, as required by the BiDi Algorithm (see BD5 of [UAX9]), and the display direction of layout objects like table or page columns (in the following called layout direction) is controlled by a writing mode attribute (style:writing-mode) that can be used within styles.</p>
<p>The writing mode attribute can be applied individually to paragraph styles, page styles, section styles, table styles, table cell styles, graphic styles and chart styles. If present within a paragraph style, it controls the paragraph direction of those paragraphs, to which the style is applied. If present within a page style, section style, table style, table cell style, graphic style or chart style, it controls the layout direction of those pages, text sections, tables, table cells, text-boxes and chart objects to which the styles is applied.</p>
<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for page styles. It may, among other values, take the values lr-tb (left-to-right, top-to-bottom) and rl-tb (right-to-left, top-to-bottom). The writing-mode attribute of a page style specifies the layout direction of page columns (left-to-right or right-to-left) for pages that are formatted using the page style.</p>
<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for paragraph styles. It specifies the paragraph direction as defined in BD5 of [UAX9] for all paragraphs that have the paragraph style assigned. For paragraphs that are contained in lists, it further specifies whether the list numbers and bullets are displayed on the left or on the right of the paragraph.</p>
<p>The writing mode attribute for paragraph styles takes the same values as the writing mode attribute for page styles, but may also take the value page. This value specifies that the paragraph direction is inherited from the layout direction of the closest layout object (section, table or text-box) in which the paragraph is contained, and which has a layout direction other than page. If the paragraph is not contained in any of these layout objects, the paragraph direction is inherited from the page on which the paragraph appears.</p>
<p>The paragraph direction specifies the default bidirectional orientation of the text in that paragraph. The result of the BiDi Algorithm can be manually changed by inserting BiDi embedding control characters (U+202A ... U+202E) and implicit directional marks (U+200E ...U+200F) into the text. See [UTR20].</p>
<p>OpenDocument further has a style:writing-mode-automatic attribute (described in section 20.405) that specifies that a consumer is allowed to recalculate the value of the paragraph&#039;s writing-mode attribute based on its content whenever the content changes.</p>
<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for section styles. It may take the same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
<p>The writing-mode attribute of a section style specifies the layout direction of section columns (left-to-right or right-to-left) for text sections that have the section style assigned. If the attribute value is page the layout direction is inherited from the layout direction of the closest layout object (section, table, table-cell or text-box) in which the section is contained, and which has a layout direction other than page.</p>
<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for table styles. It may take the same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
<p>The writing-mode attribute of a table style specifies the layout direction of table cells (left-to-right or right-to-left) for tables that have the table style assigned. If the attribute value is page the layout direction is inherited from the layout direction of the closest layout object (section, table, table-cell or text-box) in which the table is contained, and which has a layout direction other than page.</p>
<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for table cell styles. It may take the same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
<p>The writing-mode attribute of a table cell style specifies the layout direction of table cells (left-to-right or right-to-left) that have the table style assigned. If the attribute value is page the layout direction is inherited from the layout direction of the closest layout object (table, section or text-box) in which the table is contained, and which has a layout direction other than page.</p>
<p>Section 20.404 specifies the style:writing-mode attribute for graphic styles. It may take the same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
<p>The writing-mode attribute of a graphic style specifies the layout direction of columns (left-to-right or right-to-left) for text-boxes that have the graphic style assigned. If the attribute value is page the layout direction for text-boxes that are anchored to a page is inherited from the layout direction of the page on which the text-box is displayed. For text-boxes that have a different anchor type, the layout direction is inherited from the paragraph direction of the paragraph that contains the text-box.</p>
<p>The writing mode for chart styles is described by the same attribute as for paragraph styles. See 20.404.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><ul>
<li><p>Numeric Digits Presentation and Calendars</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>All digits that have a Unicode code point can be included in an OpenDocument document.</p>
<p>Note 1:  office application have a feature that allows the user to specify whether the ASCII digits U+0030 ... U+0039 should be displayed as Latin-Indic digits or as Arabic-Indic digits (U+0660 ... U+0669). Since this feature effects only what digits are displayed and does not influence the representation of digits in the document itself, OpenDocument only allows storing this setting as an implementation-dependent setting, not as document or style content.</p>
<p>For list numbers, that are calculated automatically, OpenDocument provides a generic mechanism to specify the applicable numbering systems. See 19.504.</p>
<p>Note 2: The specification currently mentions only &quot;1, 2, 3...&quot;, &quot;I, II, III...&quot;, and &quot;i, ii, iii&quot; explicitly, but the schema also allows a generic string value.</p>
<p>OpenDocument further supports data styles, which describe how different types of data are displayed, for example, a number or a date. Data styles are described in section 16.29. The presentation of numeric digits can be controlled by the transliteration attributes described in sections 19.365-19.368. The presentation of date information can be controlled by the number:calendar attribute specified in section 19.348.</p>
<p>The text:space-before attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The text:space-before attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>Recommended Usage of SMIL</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The following sections describe the usage of SMIL animation elements that enables an office application to present the animation elements in a simple and easy to use UI to the user. This UI may contain a single main sequence of effects, and in addition to this, multiple sequences of effects that are started as interactions on drawing shapes. An <em>effect</em> is a combination of one or more animation elements that animate a single shape and or a shape&#039;s paragraphs.</p>
<p>In user interfaces, effects should be creatable by using presets that have localized and meaningful names. This way, the user will not work on a hierarchy of SMIL animation elements, but on one dimensional lists of effects, which are much easier to handle for the office application users.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><ul>
<li><p>Slide Animation</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>Each &lt;draw:page&gt; 10.2.4 element may have an &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 element that defines the animation of that page during a running slideshow. This &lt;anim:par&gt; element should contain one &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3 element which is the main sequence for shape effects and zero or more &lt;anim:seq&gt; elements that define interactive sequences for shapes that contain animation interactions. The animation elements are executed after the slide has executed its initial transition.</p>
<p>The &lt;anim:par&gt; element may further contain an &lt;anim:par&gt; element that defines the slide transition. Its smil:begin 19.441 attribute shall have the value <em>&lt;id&gt;</em>.begin, where <em>&lt;id&gt;</em> is the id of the slide&#039;s &lt;draw:page&gt; element itself. This &lt;anim:par&gt; element can contain basic animation elements as defined in chapter 15. These elements shall specify the &lt;draw:page&gt; element itself as target. If such an &lt;anim:par&gt; element for slide transitions is present, it overrides the following presentation page formatting properties:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;. See 10.8.2.</p></li>
<li><p>presentation:transition-speed. See 20.238.</p></li>
<li><p>presentation:transition-style. See 20.239.</p></li>
<li><p>presentation:transition-type. See 20.240.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>For backward compatibility reasons, producers that use an &lt;anim:par&gt; element to define the slide transition should also add the above presentation page formatting properties. This also enables consumers without SMIL support to display the slide transitions.</p>
<p>Example: The following example defines a slide wipe transition.</p>
<p>&lt;draw:page draw:id=&quot;id1&quot;&gt;</p>
<p>	&lt;anim:par presentation:node-type=&quot;timing-root&quot;&gt;</p>
<p>		&lt;anim:par smil:begin=&quot;id1.begin&quot;&gt;</p>
<p>			&lt;anim:transitionFilter smil:dur=&quot;2s&quot; smil:targetElement=&quot;id1&quot;</p>
<p>				smil:type=&quot;slideWipe&quot; smil:subtype=&quot;fromBottom&quot;</p>
<p>				smil:direction=&quot;reverse&quot;/&gt;</p>
<p>		&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>	&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>&lt;/draw:page&gt;</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><ul>
<li><p>Main Sequence</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>The main sequence is a &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3 element which contains the effects that should start after the slide has executed its initial transition. Since this is a sequential container, its child nodes are executed one after each other. If a child node&#039;s smil:begin 19.441 attribute has the value indefinite execution is stalled until the user advances the slideshow by a mouse or key interaction.</p>
<p>The first level of child nodes in the main sequence should be &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 elements that group animation elements that are started with the same user interaction. The second level of child nodes should be &lt;anim:par&gt; elements that group animations elements that start at the same time. The third level of child nodes should be &lt;anim:par&gt; elements that group the animation elements for a single effect.</p>
<p>Example: The following example shows a main sequence with the effects A, B, C and D. Effect A is started on user interaction, effect B is started simultaneously with A. Effect C is started 4 seconds after the effects A and B. Effect D is started on the next user interaction:</p>
<p>&lt;amin:par&gt; &lt;!-- timing root--&gt;</p>
<p>	&lt;anim:seq&gt; &lt;!-- main sequence--&gt;</p>
<p>		&lt;anim:par smil:begin=&quot;indefinite&quot;&gt;</p>
<p>			&lt;!-- first user interaction --&gt;</p>
<p>			&lt;anim:par smil:begin=&quot;0s&quot; smil:dur=&quot;4s&quot;&gt;</p>
<p>				&lt;!-- first group of effects to execute --&gt;</p>
<p>				&lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect a --&gt;</p>
<p>					&lt;!-- nodes for effect a--&gt;</p>
<p>				&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>				&lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect b --&gt;</p>
<p>					&lt;!-- nodes for effect b--&gt;</p>
<p>				&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>			&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>			&lt;anim:par smil:begin=&quot;4s&quot;&gt;</p>
<p>				&lt;!-- second group of effects to execute --&gt;</p>
<p>				&lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect c --&gt;</p>
<p>					&lt;!-- nodes for effect c--&gt;	</p>
<p>				&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>			&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>		&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>		&lt;anim:par&gt;	</p>
<p>			&lt;!-- second user interaction--&gt;</p>
<p>			&lt;anim:par smil:begin=&quot;indefinite&quot;&gt;</p>
<p>				&lt;!-- first group of effects to execute --&gt;</p>
<p>				&lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect d --&gt;</p>
<p>					&lt;!--- nodes for effect d--&gt;</p>
<p>				&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>			&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>		&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>	&lt;/anim:seq&gt;</p>
<p>&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><ul>
<li><p>Interactive Sequence</p></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
<p>An interactive sequence is a &lt;anim:seq&gt; 15.4.3 element that should have the same structure as a main sequence. The only difference is that the &lt;anim:par&gt; 15.4.2 element in the first level has a smil:begin 15.4.3 attribute with a value like <em>[shape-id]</em>.click, where <em>[shape-id]</em> identifies a drawing shapes by its draw:id 19.187 attribute. These animation elements are triggered when the user interacts with the element defined by <em>[shape-id]</em>.</p>
<p>The text:space-before attribute is usable with the following element: &lt;style:list-level-properties&gt; 17.19.</p>
<p>The text:space-before attribute has the data type length 18.3.18.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>Changes From ODF 1.2 (Non Normative)</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The OpenDocument specification has been divided into four parts and has been restructured.</p>
<p>This appendix describes changes that are related to Part 3 of this specification.</p>
<p>The following descriptions are new:</p>
<p>Change Tracking General 5.5.1 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3873">Office-3873</a></p>
<p>The following descriptions have changed:</p>
<p>Document Fields – General 7.3.1 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3783">Office-3783</a></p>
<p>Drawing Page Style 16.41 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">Office-3937</a></p>
<p>Foreign elements and attributes 3.17 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3950">Office-3950</a> , <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4034">Office-4034</a></p>
<p>List Item Style Rules 5.3.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3782">Office-3782</a></p>
<p>Normative References 1.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3868">Office-3868</a></p>
<p>Open Document Drawing Document 2.2.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3744">Office-3744</a></p>
<p>Open Document Drawing Document 2.2.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3746">Office-3746</a></p>
<p>OpenDocument Text Document 2.2.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2580">Office-2580</a></p>
<p>Styles General 3.15.1 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3697">Office-3697</a></p>
<p>White Space Characters 6.1.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2102">Office-2102</a></p>
<p>White Space Processing and EOL Handling 3.18 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2102">Office-2102</a></p>
<p>The following elements are new:</p>
<p>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt; 11.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3928">Office-3928</a></p>
<p>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt; 14.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3776">Office-3776</a></p>
<p>&lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3765">Office-3765</a></p>
<p>&lt;style:footer-first&gt; 16.13 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3789">Office-3789</a></p>
<p>&lt;style:header-first&gt; 16.11 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3789">Office-3789</a></p>
<p>&lt;text:drop-down&gt; 7.4.16 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<p>&lt;text:label&gt; 7.4.17 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<p>The following elements have changed:</p>
<p>&lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">3883</a></p>
<p>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt; 3.10.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3684">Office-3684</a></p>
<p>&lt;draw:applet&gt; 10.4.7 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2044">Office-2044</a></p>
<p>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt; 16.42.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3933">Office-3933</a></p>
<p>&lt;draw:image&gt; 10.4.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3922">Office-3922</a></p>
<p>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Office-3932</a></p>
<p>&lt;number:date-style&gt; 16.29.11 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1832">Office-1832</a></p>
<p>&lt;number:fill-character&gt; 16.29.1 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3765">Office-3765</a></p>
<p>&lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3695">Office</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3695">-3695</a></p>
<p>&lt;number:number&gt; 16.29.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-3860</a></p>
<p>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 16.29.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-3</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">86</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">0</a></p>
<p>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt; 3.15.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3683">Office-3683</a></p>
<p>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt; 16.8 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3696">Office-3696</a></p>
<p>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt; 17.25 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">Office-3937</a></p>
<p>&lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3679">Office-3679</a></p>
<p>&lt;style:style&gt; 16.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3935">Office-3935</a></p>
<p>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt; 17.7 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3845">Office-3845</a></p>
<p>&lt;style:text-properties&gt; 16.29.29 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3895">Office-3895</a></p>
<p>&lt;table:covered-table-cells&gt; 9.1.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3877">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3877">3877</a></p>
<p>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt; 9.6.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3665">Office-3665</a></p>
<p>&lt;table:table-columns&gt; 9.1.12 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3839">Office-3839</a></p>
<p>&lt;table:table-rows&gt; 9.1.8 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3838">Office-3838</a></p>
<p>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<p>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt; 7.3.11 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3698">Office-3698</a></p>
<p>The following attributes are new:</p>
<p>chart:data-label-series 20.9 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2117">Office-2117</a>, <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3956">Office-3956</a></p>
<p>chart:regression-force-intercept 20.44 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<p>chart:regression-intercept-value 20.45 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<p>chart:regression-max-degree 20.46 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<p>chart:regression-moving-type 20.47 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3959">Office-3959</a></p>
<p>chart:regression-name 20.48 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<p>chart:regression-period 20.49 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3959">Office-3959</a></p>
<p>number:exponent-interval 19.347 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1828">Office-1828</a></p>
<p>number:forced-exponent-sign 19.349 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-3860</a></p>
<p>number:max-denominator-value 19.352 of &lt;number:fraction&gt; 16.29.7 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3695">Office-3695</a></p>
<p>number:min-decimal-places 19.356 of &lt;number:number&gt; 19.343.2 , &lt;number:scientific-number&gt; 19.356.3, <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">3860</a></p>
<p>style:contextual-spacing 20.255 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3767">Office-3767</a></p>
<p>style:scale-to-X 20.354 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">3857</a></p>
<p>style:scale-to-Y 20.355 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-38</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">57</a></p>
<p>table:tab-color 19.731 of &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2173">Office-2173</a></p>
<p>text:current-selected 19.790 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<p>The following attributes changed</p>
<p>chart:interpolation 20.27 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3692">Office-3</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3692">692</a></p>
<p>chart:regression-type 20.50 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a>, <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3959">Office-3959</a></p>
<p>dr3d:transform 19.107 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3848">Office-3848</a></p>
<p>draw:color-inversion 20.110 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3827">Office-3827</a></p>
<p>draw:concave 19.123 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">3849</a></p>
<p>draw:corners 19.128 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">Office-3849</a></p>
<p>draw:enhanced-path 19.145 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3711">Office-3711</a></p>
<p>draw:formula 19.171 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3822">Office-3822</a></p>
<p>draw:formula 19.171 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3823">Office-3823</a></p>
<p>draw:formula 19.171 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3826">Office-3826</a></p>
<p>draw:formula 19.171 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3778">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3778">3778</a></p>
<p>draw:gradient-step-count 20.137 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3934">Office-3934</a></p>
<p>draw:handle-position 19.179 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3778">Office-3778</a></p>
<p>draw:mime-type 19.191 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3943">Office-3943</a></p>
<p>draw:sharpness 19.211 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">Office-3849</a></p>
<p>draw:style 19.218.5 of &lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt; 16.42.9 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3742">Office-37</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3742">42</a></p>
<p>draw:style 19.218.2 of &lt;draw:gradient&gt; 16.42.1 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3718">Office-3718</a></p>
<p>draw:style 19.219.27 of &lt;style:master-page&gt; 16.9 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">Office-</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">3937</a></p>
<p>draw:transform 19.228 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3755">Office-3755</a></p>
<p>draw:z-index 19.231 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2122">Office-2122</a></p>
<p>fo:background-color 20.182 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3927">Office-3927</a></p>
<p>fo:keep-with-next 20.201 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3924">Office-3924</a></p>
<p>fo:min-height 19.240 of &lt;draw:text-box&gt; 10.4.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3735">Office</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3735">-3735</a></p>
<p>fo:text-align 20.223.1 of &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3820">Office-3820</a></p>
<p>number:grouping 19.350 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3888">Office-3888</a></p>
<p>number:style 19.362.9 of &lt;number:seconds&gt; 16.29.22 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3752">Office-3752</a></p>
<p>office:value-type 19.389 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3555">Office-3555</a></p>
<p>presentation:display-date-time 20.233 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3931">Office</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3931">-3931</a></p>
<p>presentation:display-page-number 20.236 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3931">Office-3931</a></p>
<p>presentation:source 19.420 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4013">Office-4013</a></p>
<p>smil:accelerate 19.436 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3726">Office-3726</a></p>
<p>smil:accumulate 19.437 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3725">Office-3725</a></p>
<p>smil:additive 19.438 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3725">Office-3725</a></p>
<p>smil:attributeName 19.439 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2523">Office-2523</a></p>
<p>style:class 19.470 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3863">Office-3863</a></p>
<p>style:condition 19.472 of &lt;style-map&gt; 16.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">Office-3</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">8</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">82</a></p>
<p>style:page-number 20.328 of &lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; 17.6 and &lt;style:table-properties&gt; 17.15 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3923">Office-3923</a></p>
<p>style:run-through 20.351 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2122">Office-2122</a></p>
<p>style:scale-to 20.352 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-3857</a></p>
<p>style:scale-to-pages 20.353 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-3857</a></p>
<p>style:text-line-through-text 20.374 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3722">Office-3722</a></p>
<p>style:text-line-through-text 20.374 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3723">Office-3723</a></p>
<p>svg:height 19.543.2 of &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">Office-388</a>3</p>
<p>svg:height 19.543.5 of &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Office-3932</a></p>
<p>svg:stroke-linecap 20.171 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3742">Office-3742</a></p>
<p>svg:viewBox 19.574 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3996">Office-3996</a></p>
<p>svg:width 19.575.4 of &lt;chart:legend&gt; 11.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">Office-3883</a></p>
<p>svg:width 19.575.7 of &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Office-3932</a></p>
<p>svg:x 19.577.5 of &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Office-3932</a></p>
<p>svg:y 19.581.5 of &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Offic</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">e-3932</a></p>
<p>table:name 19.677.11 of &lt;table:operation&gt; 9.3.3 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3728">Office-3728</a></p>
<p>table:condition 19.600 of &lt;table:content-validation&gt; 9.4.5 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">Office-3</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">8</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">82</a></p>
<p>table:display 19.621 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3754">Office-3754</a></p>
<p>table:display 19.621 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4019">Office-4019</a></p>
<p>table:end-cell-address 19.631 of &lt;dr3d:scene&gt; 10.5.2, &lt;draw:caption&gt; 10.3.11, &lt;draw:circle&gt; 10.3.8, &lt;draw:connector&gt; 10.3.10, &lt;draw:control&gt; 10.3.13, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt; 10.6.1, &lt;draw:ellipse&gt; 10.3.9, &lt;draw:frame&gt; 10.4.2, &lt;draw:g&gt; 10.3.15, &lt;draw:line&gt; 10.3.3, &lt;draw:measure&gt; 10.3.12, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt; 10.3.14, &lt;draw:path&gt; 10.3.7, &lt;draw:polygon&gt; 10.3.5, &lt;draw:polyline&gt; 10.3.4, &lt;draw:rect&gt; 10.3.2, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt; 10.3.6 and &lt;office:annotation&gt; 14.1. <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2697">Office-2697</a></p>
<p>table:expression 19.639 of &lt;table:named-expression&gt; 9.4.13 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">Office-3882</a></p>
<p>table:number-rows-spanned 19.682 of &lt;table:table-cell&gt; 9.1.4 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3876">Office-3876</a></p>
<p>table:orientation 19.690.2 of &lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt; 9.6.7 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3729">Office-3729</a></p>
<p>table:style-name 19.730.2 of &lt;table:background&gt; 16.22 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3925">Office-3925</a></p>
<p>table:table-background 19.733 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3954">Office-3954</a></p>
<p>text:anchor-type 19.759 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3945">Office-3945</a></p>
<p>text:anchor-type 20.418 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3945">Office-3945</a></p>
<p>text:display 19.802.3 of &lt;text:expression&gt; 7.4.14 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3929">Office-3929</a></p>
<p>text:list-id 19.835 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<p>text:relative-tab-stop-position 19.861 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3946">Office</a><a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3946">-3946</a></p>
<p>text:start-value 19.874.6 of &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<p>text:style-name 19.880.18 of &lt;text:index-source-style&gt; 8.11 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3675">Office-3675</a></p>
<p>text:style-name 19.880.25 of &lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; 5.3.6 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<p>text:name 19.841 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<p>text:value 19.906 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<p>text:track-changes 19.889 <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3763">Office-3763</a></p>
<p>Removed elements, attributes and values</p>
<p>The deprecated attribute &#039;office:process-content&#039; (19.377 in ODF 1.2.) has been removed. <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4034">Office-4034</a></p>
<p>Deprecated MIME Types </p>
<p>odi Table 25 - Registered MIME types <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2002">Office-2002</a></p>
<p>oti Table 25 - Registered MIME types <a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2002">Office-2002</a></p>
<p>Declared Namespace Change</p>
<p>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:datastyle:1.0</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p><img src="Pictures/10000E9800001CA1000005CA923763AE09D71344.svg"
style="width:11.1cm;height:2.221cm" alt=" " /></p>
<p>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version
1.3. Part 3: OpenDocument Schema</p>
<p>OASIS Standard<br />
27 April 2021</p>
<p>This stage:</p>
<p><a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.odt">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.odt</a>
(Authoritative)</p>
<p><a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html</a></p>
<p><a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.pdf">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.pdf</a></p>
<p>Previous stage:</p>
<p><a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.odt">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.odt</a>
(Authoritative)</p>
<p><a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.html</a></p>
<p><a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.pdf">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/cs02/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-cs02-part3-schema.pdf</a></p>
<p>Latest stage:</p>
<p><a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.odt">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.odt</a>
(Authoritative)</p>
<p><a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html</a></p>
<p><a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.pdf">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.pdf</a></p>
<p>Technical Committee:</p>
<p><a href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/">OASIS Open
Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC</a></p>
<p>Chairs:</p>
<p>Patrick Durusau (<a
href="mailto:patrick@durusau.net">patrick@durusau.net</a>),
Individual</p>
<p>Jos van den Oever (<a
href="mailto:jos.vanden.oever@logius.nl">jos.vanden.oever@logius.nl</a>),
<a href="http://www.logius.nl/">Logius</a></p>
<p>Editors:</p>
<p>Francis Cave (<a
href="mailto:francis@franciscave.com"><em>francis@franciscave.com</em></a>),
Individual</p>
<p>Patrick Durusau (<a
href="mailto:patrick@durusau.net"><em>patrick@durusau.net</em></a>),
Individual</p>
<p>Svante Schubert (<a
href="mailto:svante.schubert@gmail.com"><em>svante.schubert@gmail.com</em></a>),
Individual</p>
<p>Michael Stahl (<a
href="mailto:michael.stahl@cib.de"><em>michael.stahl@cib.de</em></a>),
<a href="https://www.cib.de/">CIB labs GmbH</a></p>
<p><span id="anchor"></span><span id="anchor"></span>Additional
artifacts:</p>
<p>This prose specification is one component of a Work Product which
includes:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument)
Version 1.3. Part 1: Introduction</em>. <a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part1-introduction/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part1-introduction.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part1-introduction/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part1-introduction.html</a>.</li>
<li><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument)
Version 1.3. Part 2: Packages</em>. <a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part2-packages/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part2-packages.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part2-packages/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part2-packages.html</a>.</li>
<li><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument)
Version 1.3. Part 3: OpenDocument Schema</em> (this part). <a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html</a>.</li>
<li><em>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument)
Version 1.3. Part 4: Recalculated Formula (OpenFormula) Format</em>. <a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part4-formula/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part4-formula.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part4-formula/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part4-formula.html</a>.</li>
<li>XML/RNG schemas and OWL ontologies. <a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/schemas/">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/schemas/</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Related work:</p>
<p>This specification replaces or supersedes:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications
(OpenDocument) Version 1.2</em>. 29 September 2011. OASIS Standard. <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os.html">http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os.html</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Declared XML namespaces:</p>
<p>animation<br />
chart<br />
config<br />
database<br />
dr3d<br />
drawing<br />
form<br />
manifest<br />
meta<br />
datastyle<br />
office<br />
presentation<br />
script<br />
table<br />
text<br />
style<br />
xsl-fo-compatible<br />
svg-compatible<br />
smil-compatible<br />
of:1.2<br />
<a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf</a><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf#">#</a></p>
<p><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/pkg">http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/pkg</a><a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf#">#</a></p>
<p>Abstract:</p>
<p>This document is Part 3 of the Open Document Format for Office
Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3 specification.</p>
<p>Status:</p>
<p>This document was last revised or approved by the membership of OASIS
on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the
“Latest stage” location noted above for possible later revisions of this
document. Any other numbered Versions and other technical work produced
by the Technical Committee (TC) are listed at <a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=office#technical">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=office#technical</a>.</p>
<p>TC members should send comments on this specification to the TC’s
email list. Others should send comments to the TC’s public comment list,
after subscribing to it by following the instructions at the “<a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=odata">S</a><a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=office">end
</a><a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=office">A
Comment</a>” button on the TC’s web page at <a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/</a>.</p>
<p>This specification is provided under the <a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr#RF-on-Limited-Mode">RF
on Limited Terms</a> Model of the <a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr">OASIS IPR
Policy</a>, the mode chosen when the Technical Committee was
established. For information on whether any patents have been disclosed
that may be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers
of patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property
Rights section of the TC’s web page (<a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/ipr.php">https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/office/ipr.php</a>).</p>
<p>Note that any machine-readable content (<a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/tc-process#wpComponentsCompLang">Computer
Language Definitions</a>) declared Normative for this Work Product is
provided in separate plain text files. In the event of a discrepancy
between any such plain text file and display content in the Work
Product's prose narrative document(s), the content in the separate plain
text file prevails.</p>
<p>Citation format:</p>
<p>When referencing this specification the following citation format
should be used:</p>
<p>[OpenDocument-v1.3-part3]</p>
<p>Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version
1.3. Part 3: OpenDocument Schema. Edited by Francis Cave, Patrick
Durusau, Svante Schubert and Michael Stahl. 27 April 2021. OASIS
Standard. <a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part3-schema/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part3-schema.html</a>.
Latest stage: <a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/OpenDocument-v1.3-part3-schema.html</a>.</p>
<p>Notices</p>
<p>Copyright © OASIS Open 2021. All Rights Reserved.</p>
<p>All capitalized terms in the following text have the meanings
assigned to them in the OASIS Intellectual Property Rights Policy (the
"OASIS IPR Policy"). The full <a
href="https://www.oasis-open.org/policies-guidelines/ipr">Policy</a> may
be found at the OASIS website.</p>
<p>This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or
assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published, and
distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind,
provided that the above copyright notice and this section are included
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<p>OASIS invites any party to contact the OASIS TC Administrator if it
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for above guidance.</p>
<p><span id="anchor-1"></span>Table of Contents</p>
<h1 id="introduction"><span id="anchor-2"></span><span
id="Introduction"></span>Introduction</h1>
<h2 id="introduction-1"><span id="anchor-3"></span>Introduction</h2>
<p>This document is part of the Open Document Format for Office
Applications () Version specification. It defines an XML schema for
office documents. Office documents include text documents, spreadsheets,
charts and graphical documents like drawings or presentations, and other
forms of documents.</p>
<h2 id="terminology"><span id="anchor-4"></span>Terminology</h2>
<p>All text is normative unless otherwise labeled.</p>
<p>Text with a gray background color which is contained in boxes is
informative. -</p>
<p>Within the normative text of this specification, the terms "shall",
"shall not", "should", "should not", "may" and “need not” are to be
interpreted as described in Annex H of <span class="citation"
data-cites="ISO/IEC Directives">[ISO/IEC Directives]</span>.</p>
<p>Attributes and elements may be marked as deprecated. Deprecated
attributes or elements have “Deprecated” inserted into their section
title. Attributes and elements marked as deprecated should not be used
any longer, and may be removed from future versions of ().</p>
<p>XML Element, attribute names, attribute value types, and attribute
values appear in <code>monospace</code> font.</p>
<p>This standard, for illustrative purposes, describes functionality
using terminology common in desktop computing environments that contain
a display terminal, keyboard, and mouse, attached to a computer hosting
an operating system with a graphical user interface which includes user
interface controls such as input controls, command buttons, selection
boxes, etc.</p>
<p>This standard is not limited to such environments. This format can be
used by alternative computing environments, with other form factors,
non-GUI consumers and producers, assistive technologies, using analogous
user interface operations.</p>
<p>Implementation-defined is used in this standard for values or
processing that may differ between ODF implementations but is required
to be specified by the implementor for each particular
ODF-implementation. </p>
<p>Implementation-dependent is used in this standard for values or
processing that may differ between ODF implementations but is not
required to be specified by the implementor for each particular
ODF-implementation. </p>
<h2 id="normative-references"><span id="anchor-5"></span><span
id="Normative-references"></span>Normative References</h2>
<p>The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way
that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.</p>
<p><span id="nref-css2a"></span>[CSS2] Bert Bos, Håkon Wium Lie, Chris
Lilley, Ian Jacobs, Cascading Style Sheets, level 2, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512">http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512</a>,
W3C, 1998.</p>
<p><span id="nref-css3text"></span>[CSS3Text] Michel Suignard, CSS3 Text
Module, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/CR-css3-text-20030514">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/CR-css3-text-20030514</a>,
W3C, 2003.</p>
<p><span id="nref-daisy"></span>[DAISY] ANSI/NISO Z39.86-2005 (R2012)
Specifications for the Digital Talking Book, <a
href="https://www.niso.org/publications/ansiniso-z3986-2005-r2012-specifications-digital-talking-book">http://www.niso.org/standards/resources/Z39-86-2005.html</a>,
2005.</p>
<p><span id="nref-dcmi"></span>[DCMI] Dublin Core Metadata Element Set,
Version 1.1: Reference Description, <a
href="http://www.dublincore.org/documents/2008/01/14/dces/">http://www.dublincore.org/documents/2008/01/14/dces/</a>,
Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, 2003.</p>
<p><span id="nref-domevents2"></span>[DOMEvents2] Tom Pixley, Document
Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Events Specification, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Events-20001113">http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Events-20001113</a>,
W3C, 2000.</p>
<p><span id="nref-grddl"></span>[GRDDL] Don Conolly, Gleaning Resource
Descriptions from Dialects of Languages (GRDDL), <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-grddl-20070911/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-grddl-20070911/</a>,
W3C, 2007.</p>
<p><span id="nref-html4"></span>[HTML4] Dave Raggett, Arnaud Le Hors,
Ian Jacobs, HTML 4.01 Specification, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224</a>,
W3C, 1999.</p>
<p><span id="nref-iso-iec-directives"></span>[ISO/IEC Directives]
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (Fifth Edition) Rules for the structure and
drafting of International Standards, International Organization for
Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2004.</p>
<p><span id="nref-iso639-1"></span>[ISO639-1] ISO 639-1:2002 Codes for
the representation of names of languages -- Part 1: Alpha-2 code,
International Organization for Standardization and International
Electrotechnical Commission, 2002.</p>
<p><span id="nref-iso639-2"></span>[ISO639-2] ISO 639-2:1998 Codes for
the representation of names of languages -- Part 2: Alpha-3 code,
International Organization for Standardization and International
Electrotechnical Commission, 1998.</p>
<p><span id="nref-iso639-3"></span>[ISO639-3] ISO 639-3:2007 Codes for
the representation of names of languages -- Part 3: Alpha-3 code for
comprehensive coverage of languages, International Organization for
Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.</p>
<p><span id="nref-iso3166-1"></span>[ISO3166-1] ISO 3166-1:2006/Cor
1:2007 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their
subdivisions -- Part 1: Country codes, International Organization for
Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.</p>
<p><span id="nref-iso3166-2"></span>[ISO3166-2] ISO 3166-2:2007 Codes
for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions --
Part 2: Country subdivision code, International Organization for
Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.</p>
<p><span id="nref-iso3166-3"></span>[ISO3166-3] ISO 3166-3:1999 Codes
for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions --
Part 3: Code for formerly used names of countries, International
Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical
Commission, 1999.</p>
<p><span id="nref-iso8601"></span>[ISO8601] ISO 8601:2004 Data elements
and interchange formats -- Information interchange -- Representation of
dates and times, International Organization for Standardization and
International Electrotechnical Commission, 2004.</p>
<p><span id="nref-iso15924"></span>[ISO15924] ISO 15924:2004 Information
and documentation -- Codes for the representation of names of scripts,
International Organization for Standardization and International
Electrotechnical Commission, 2004.</p>
<p><span id="nref-jisx0301"></span>[JIS X 0301] JIS X 0301:2002 Data
elements and interchange formats -- Information interchange --
Representation of dates and times, Japanese Standards Association,
2002.</p>
<p><span id="nref-mathml"></span>[MathML] David Carlisle, Patrick Ion,
Robert Miner, Nico Poppelier, Mathematical Markup Language (MathML)
Version 2.0 (Second Edition), <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-MathML2-20031021/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-MathML2-20031021/</a>,
W3C, 2003.</p>
<p><span id="nref-mimetypes"></span>[MIMETYPES] MIME Media Types, <a
href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/">http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/</a>,
IANA.</p>
<p><span id="nref-odf10"></span><strong>[</strong>ODF10<strong>]
</strong>OASIS Standard, Open Document Format for Office Applications
(OpenDocument) v1.0, May 2005, <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.0/OpenDocument-v1.0-os.pdf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.0/OpenDocument-v1.0-os.pdf</a></p>
<p><span id="nref-odf11"></span><strong>[</strong>ODF11<strong>]
</strong>OASIS Standard, Open Document Format for Office Applications
(OpenDocument) v1.1, February 2007, <a
href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.1/OS/OpenDocument-v1.1.pdf">http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.1/OS/OpenDocument-v1.1.pdf</a></p>
<p><span
id="nref-odf1.3-Part-2:Packages"></span>[ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages] Open
Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v.1.3, Part 2:
Packages. Linked in Additional Artifacts <a href="#anchor"></a> on front
page.</p>
<p><span
id="nref-odf1.3-Part-4:OpenFormula"></span>[ODF1.3-Part-4:OpenFormula]
Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3
Part 4 Recalculated Formula (OpenFormula) Format. Linked in Additional
Artifacts <a href="#anchor"></a> on front page.</p>
<p><span id="nref-ole"></span>[OLE] Kraig Brockschmidt, Inside OLE,
Microsoft Press, 1995, ISBN: 1-55615-843-2</p>
<p><span id="nref-owl"></span>[OWL] Deborah L. McGuinness, Frank van
Harmelen, OWL Web Ontology Language Overview, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-owl-features-20040210/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-owl-features-20040210/</a>,
W3C, 2004.</p>
<p><span id="nref-png"></span>[PNG] David Duce, Portable Network
Graphics (PNG) Specification (Second Edition), <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110</a>,
W3C, 2003.</p>
<p><span id="nref-rdf-concepts"></span>[RDF-CONCEPTS] Graham Klyne,
Jeremy J. Carroll, Brian McBride, Resource Description Framework (RDF):
Concepts and Abstract Syntax, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210/</a>,
W3C, 2004.</p>
<p><span id="nref-rdfa"></span>[RDFa] Ben Adida, Mark Birbeck, Shane
McCarron, Steven Pemberton, RDFa in XHTML: Syntax and Processing, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdfa-syntax-20081014">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdfa-syntax-20081014</a>,
W3C, 2008.</p>
<p><span id="nref-rfc2045"></span>[RFC2045] N. Freed and N. Borenstein,
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of
Internet Message Bodies, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt</a>,
IETF, 1996.</p>
<p><span id="nref-rfc2616"></span>[RFC2616] R. Fielding, et al.,
Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt</a>,
IETF, 1999.</p>
<p><span id="nref-rfc3066"></span>[RFC3066] H. Alvestrand, Tags for the
Identification of Languages, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt</a>,
IETF, 2001.</p>
<p><span id="nref-rfc3987"></span>[RFC3987] M. Duerst, M. Suignard,
Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs), <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt</a>,
IETF, 2005</p>
<p><span id="nref-rfc4514"></span>[RFC4514] K. Zeilenga, Lightweight
Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): String Representation of Distinguished
Names, <a
href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4514">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4514</a>,
IETF, 2006.</p>
<p><span id="nref-rfc5646"></span>[RFC5646] A. Phillips, M. Davis, Tags
for Identifying Languages, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5646.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5646.txt</a>,
IETF, 2009.</p>
<p><span id="nref-rfc6838"></span>[RFC6838] N. Freed, J. Klensin, T.
Hansen Media Type Specifications and Registration Procedures, <a
href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6838.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6838.txt</a>,
IETF, 2013.</p>
<p><span id="nref-rng"></span>[RNG] ISO/IEC 19757-2 Document Schema
Definition Language (DSDL) -- Part 2: Regular-grammar-based validation
-- RELAX NG, International Organization for Standardization and
International Electrotechnical Commission, 2003.</p>
<p><span id="nref-smil20"></span>[SMIL20] Jeff Ayars, etc al.,
Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL 2.0) - [Second
Edition], <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20050107/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20050107/</a>,
W3C, 2001.</p>
<p><span id="nref-sql"></span>[SQL] ISO/IEC 9075-1:2008 Information
Technology -- Database Language -- SQL -- Part 2: Foundation
(SQL/Foundation), International Organization for Standardization and
International Electrotechnical Commission, 2008.</p>
<p><span id="nref-svg"></span>[SVG] Jon Ferraiolo, 藤沢 淳 (FUJISAWA
Jun), Dean Jackson, Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-SVG11-20030114/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-SVG11-20030114/</a>,
W3C, 2003.</p>
<p><span id="nref-uax9"></span>[UAX9]<em> </em>Mark Davis, The
Bidirectional Algorithm, Unicode Standard Annex #9, <a
href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html</a>,
2005.</p>
<p><span id="nref-unicode"></span>[UNICODE] The Unicode Consortium. The
Unicode Standard, Version 5.2.0, defined by: The Unicode Standard,
Version 5.2 (Boston, MA, Addison-Wesley, 2009. ISBN
978-1-936213-00-9).</p>
<p><span id="nref-utr18"></span>[UTR18] Mark Davis, Andy Heninger,
Unicode Regular Expressions, Unicode Technical Report #18, <a
href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/tr18-13.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/tr18-13.html</a>,
2008.</p>
<p><span id="nref-utr20"></span>[UTR20]<em> </em>Martin Dürst and Asmus
Freytag, Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages, Unicode Technical
Report #20, <a
href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html</a>,
2003.</p>
<p><span id="nref-xforms"></span>[XForms] John M. Boyer, XForms 1.0
(Third Edition), <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xforms-20071029/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xforms-20071029/</a>,
W3C, 2007.</p>
<p><span id="nref-xlink"></span>[XLink] Steve DeRose, Eve Maler, David
Orchard, XML Linking Language (XLink) Version 1.0, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xlink-20010627/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xlink-20010627/</a>,
W3C, 2001.</p>
<p><span id="nref-xmlid"></span>[XML-ID] Jonathan Marsh, Daniel
Veillard, Norman Walsh, xml:id Version 1.0, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/</a>,
W3C, 2005.</p>
<p><span id="nref-xml-names"></span>[XML-Names] Tim Bray rt al.,
Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Second Edition), <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-names-20060816">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-names-20060816</a>,
W3C, 2006.</p>
<p><span id="nref-xml1.0"></span>[XML1.0] Tim Bray, Jean Paoli, C. M.
Sperberg-McQueen, Eve Maler, François Yergeau , Extensible Markup
Language (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition), <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/</a>,
W3C, 2006.</p>
<p><span id="nref-xmlenc-core"></span>[XMLENC-CORE] Donald Eastlake,
Joseph Reagle, XML Encryption Syntax and Processing, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xmlenc-core-20021210/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xmlenc-core-20021210/</a>,
W3C, 2002.</p>
<p><span id="nref-xpath"></span>[XPath] James Clark, Steve DeRose, XML
Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116</a>,
W3C, 1999.</p>
<p><span id="nref-xmlschema-2"></span>[XMLSchema-2] Paul V. Biron, Ashok
Malhotra, XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-2-20041028/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-2-20041028/</a>,
W3C, 2004.</p>
<p><span id="nref-xsl"></span>[XSL] Sharon Adler, et al., Extensible
Stylesheet Language (XSL), <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xsl-20011015/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xsl-20011015/</a>,
W3C, 2001.</p>
<p><span id="nref-xslt"></span>[XSLT] James Clark, XSL Transformations
(XSLT) Version 1.0, <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xslt-19991116">http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xslt-19991116</a>,
W3C, 1999.</p>
<h2 id="non-normative-references"><span id="anchor-6"></span>Non
Normative References</h2>
<p><span id="nnref-bibtexing"></span><strong>[BibTeXing] </strong>Oren
Patashnik, <em>BIBTEXing</em>,
<em><em>http://mirrors.ctan.org/biblio/bibtex/base/btxdoc.pdf</em></em></p>
<p><span id="nnref-uax9"></span>[<strong>UAX9</strong>]<em> </em>Mark
Davis, <em>The Bidirectional Algorithm</em>, Unicode Standard Annex #9,
<a
href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-15.html</a>,
2005.</p>
<p><span id="nnref-utr20"></span>[<strong>UTR20</strong>]<em>
</em>Martin Dürst and Asmus Freytag, <em>Unicode in XML and other Markup
Languages</em>, Unicode Technical Report #20, <a
href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr20/tr20-7.html</a>,
2003.</p>
<h2 id="namespaces"><span id="anchor-7"></span><span
id="Namespaces"></span>Namespaces</h2>
<p>Tables 1-6 list namespaces used or defined by OpenDocument. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The defined XML namespaces conform to the <em>Namespaces in
XML</em> specification <a href="#nref-xml-names">[XML-Names]</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>This specification uses the prefixes defined in Tables 1 and 2 when
referring to elements and attributes in this specification. However,
implementors may use any prefix, provided that there is a namespace
declaration that binds the prefix to the IRI of the corresponding
namespace.</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 1 - XML Namespaces defined by the schema</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Prefix</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Namespace</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>anim</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that describe animation content.</td>
<td><br />
animation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>chart</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that describe chart content.</td>
<td><br />
chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>config</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that describe application specific
settings.</td>
<td><br />
config</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>db</td>
<td>For elements and attributes that describe database specific
objects.</td>
<td><br />
database</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dr3d</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that describe 3D graphic content.</td>
<td><br />
dr3d</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>draw</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that describe graphic content.</td>
<td><br />
drawing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that describe forms and controls.</td>
<td><br />
form</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>manifest</td>
<td>Elements and attribute contained in the package manifest.</td>
<td><br />
manifest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>meta</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that describe meta information.</td>
<td><br />
meta</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>number</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that describe data style information.</td>
<td><br />
datastyle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>office</td>
<td>All common pieces of information not contained in another, more
specific namespace.</td>
<td><br />
office</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>presentation</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that describe presentation content.</td>
<td><br />
presentation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>script</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that represent scripts or events.</td>
<td><br />
script</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>table</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that may occur in spreadsheets or in table
in a text document.</td>
<td><br />
table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>text</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that may occur within text documents and
text parts of other document types.</td>
<td><br />
text</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>style</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that describe the style and inheritance
model used by the format. </td>
<td><br />
style</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 2 - XML Namespaces defined by the metadata manifest
ontology</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Prefix</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Namespace</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>odf</td>
<td>RDF node property and node elements for OpenDocument package
entities</td>
<td>http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/odf#</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 3 - XML Namespaces defined by the schema that include elements
and attributes that are compatible to elements and attributes of other
standards.</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Prefix</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Namespace</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>fo</td>
<td>Attributes that are compatible to attributes defined in <a
href="#nref-xsl">[XSL]</a>.</td>
<td><br />
xsl-fo-compatible</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>svg</td>
<td>Elements and attributes that are derived from elements or attributes
defined in <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</td>
<td><br />
svg-compatible</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>smil</td>
<td>Attributes that are derived from to attributes defined in <a
href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>.</td>
<td><br />
smil-compatible</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 4 - XML Namespaces used by the schema</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Prefix</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Namespace</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>dc</td>
<td>The Dublin Core Namespace (see <a
href="#nref-dcmi">[DCMI]</a>).</td>
<td>http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>math</td>
<td>MathML Namespace (see <a href="#nref-mathml">[MathML]</a>)</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>xforms</td>
<td>The XForms namespace (see <a href="#nref-xforms">[XForms]</a>).</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/2002/xforms</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>xlink</td>
<td>The XLink namespace (see <a href="#nref-xlink">[XLink]</a>).</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>xhtml</td>
<td>RDFa attributes (see <a href="#nref-rdfa">[RDFa]</a>).</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>grddl </td>
<td>GRDDL attributes (see <a href="#nref-grddl">[GRDDL]</a>)</td>
<td>http://www.w3.org/2003/g/data-view# </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 5 - XML Namespaces defined by the metadata manifest
ontology</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Prefix</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Namespace</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>pkg</td>
<td>OWL classes and properties contained in metadata manifest
files.</td>
<td>http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/office/1.2/meta/pkg#</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 6 - Other XML Namespaces defined by this specification</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Prefix</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Namespace</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>of</td>
<td>Namespace for formulas defined by Part 4 of this specification that
occur in attribute values. </td>
<td>urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2 </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1 id="opendocument-documents-consumers-and-producers"><span
id="anchor-8"></span>OpenDocument Documents, Consumers and
Producers</h1>
<h2 id="introduction-2"><span id="anchor-9"></span>Introduction</h2>
<p>The OpenDocument specification defines conformance for documents,
consumers, and producers, with two conformance classes called conforming
and extended conforming. It further defines conforming text,
spreadsheet, drawing, presentation, chart, image, formula and database
front end documents. This chapter defines the basic requirements for the
individual conformance targets. </p>
<h2 id="document-conformance"><span id="anchor-10"></span>Document
Conformance</h2>
<h3 id="opendocument-document"><span id="anchor-11"></span><span
id="OpenDocument Document"></span>OpenDocument Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument</em> <em>document</em> shall meet the following
requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then </p>
<ol type="1">
<li>it shall be a conforming OpenDocument package <a
href="#nref-odf1.3-Part-2:Packages">[ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages]</a>, 2.2
Packages, and</li>
<li>the package shall contain at least one of the following files:
content.xml and styles.xml. It may contain additional files.</li>
</ol></li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then the following
requirements shall be met for its contained files named content.xml,
styles.xml, settings.xml, and meta.xml if present:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>The files shall be well-formed XML documents with respect to the XML
1.0 <a href="#nref-xml1.0">[XML1.0]</a>specification.</li>
<li><p>The XML root elements of the files shall be </p>
<ol type="1">
<li><em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-12">3.1.3.2</a> or <em>&lt;math:math&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-13">14.6</a> for files named content.xml,</li>
<li><em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-14">3.1.3.3</a> for files named styles.xml,</li>
<li><em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-15">3.1.3.4</a> for files named meta.xml,</li>
<li><em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-16">3.1.3.5</a> for files named settings.xml.</li>
</ol></li>
<li>If the XML root element of a file is
<em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> or
<em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em>, then the XML file shall be
valid with respect to the schema defined in appendix .</li>
<li><p>If the XML root element of a file is <em>&lt;math:math&gt;</em>,
then the XML file shall be valid with respect to the MathML 2.0 <a
href="#nref-mathml">[MathML]</a> schema.</p></li>
</ol></li>
<li><p>If the document is a single XML file, then </p>
<ol type="1">
<li>the file shall be a well-formed XML document with respect to the XML
1.0 <a href="#nref-xml1.0">[XML1.0]</a> specification</li>
<li>the XML root element of the file shall be
<em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em>.</li>
<li>the XML file shall validate against the schema defined in appendix
.</li>
</ol></li>
<li><p><span id="anchor-17"></span>The files contained in a package
listed in B) or the single file listed in C) meet the following
requirements:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>They shall conform to the XML Namespaces specification <a
href="#nref-xml-names">[XML-Names]</a>.</li>
<li>They shall conform to the xml-id Version 1.0 specification <a
href="#nref-xmlid">[XML-ID]</a>.</li>
<li>If a <em>style:condition</em>, <em>table:condition</em>,
<em>table:expression</em>, <em>table:formula</em> or
<em>text:formula</em> attribute value begins with a namespace prefix
bound to namespace "urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.3," the
syntax and semantics of the attribute value portions that are
expressions determined by the prefix shall conform to Part4 of this
specification. If a <em>style:condition</em>, <em>table:condition</em>,
<em>table:expression</em>, <em>table:formula</em> or
<em>text:formula</em> attribute value has no namespace prefix, the
attribute value portions that are expressions determined by a prefix
shall conform as if there were a prefix bound to namespace
"urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.3".</li>
</ol></li>
<li>It shall conform to one of: <a href="#anchor-18">OpenDocument Text
Document</a> (2.2.3), <a href="#anchor-19">OpenDocument Spreadsheet
Document</a> (2.2.4), <a href="#anchor-20">OpenDocument Drawing
Document</a> (2.2.5), <a href="#anchor-21">OpenDocument Presentation
Document</a> (2.2.6), <a href="#anchor-22">OpenDocument Chart
Document</a> (2.2.7), <a href="#anchor-23">OpenDocument Image
Document</a> (2.2.8), <a href="#anchor-24">OpenDocument Formula
Document</a> (2.2.9), <a href="#anchor-25">OpenDocument Database Front
End Document</a> (2.2.10). </li>
</ol>
<h3 id="opendocument-extended-document"><span
id="anchor-26"></span>OpenDocument Extended Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument extended document</em> shall meet all
requirements of a conforming document listed in <a
href="#OpenDocument Document">2.2.1</a> except A.1), B.3), C.3) and E)
and shall meet the following requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then it shall be a
conforming ODF extended package <a
href="#nref-odf1.3-Part-2:Packages">[ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages]</a>, 2.2.2
OpenDocument Extended Package.</li>
<li><p>If the document is an OpenDocument package, then the following
requirement shall be met for its contained files named content.xml,
styles.xml, settings.xml, and meta.xml if present:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>If the XML root element of a file is
<em>&lt;office:document-content&gt; <a
href="#anchor-12">3.1.3.2</a></em>, <em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;
<a href="#anchor-14">3.1.3.3</a></em>,
<em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-15">3.1.3.4</a>
or <em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt; <a
href="#anchor-16">3.1.3.5</a></em>, then the XML file shall be valid
with respect to the schema defined in appendix , after the following
processing of foreign elements has taken place:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Foreign elements and attributes, as defined in section <a
href="#anchor-27">3.17</a> have been removed.</li>
<li>The content of foreign elements has been processed as defined in
section <a href="#anchor-27">3.17</a>.</li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
<li>If the document is a single XML file, then the XML files shall be
valid against the schema defined in appendix , after processing of
foreign elements as defined in B.1) has taken place.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="opendocument-text-document"><span id="anchor-18"></span><span
id="OpenDocument Text Document"></span>OpenDocument Text Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Text document</em> shall meet all requirements of
a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following additional
requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>
element shall have an <em>office:mimetype</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a> attribute with one of these values:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text",
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template",
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master-template".</li>
<li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a
file named mimetype containing one of these strings:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text",
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template",
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master-template".</li>
<li>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>
element shall have the child element <em>&lt;office:text&gt; <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a></em>.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="opendocument-spreadsheet-document"><span
id="anchor-19"></span>OpenDocument Spreadsheet Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Spreadsheet document</em> shall meet all
requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the
following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>
element shall have an <em>office:mimetype</em> <a
href="#anchor-31">19.379</a> attribute with one of these values:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template".</li>
<li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a
file named mimetype containing one of these strings:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template".</li>
<li>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>
element shall have the child element <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt; <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a></em>.</li>
<li>All namespace prefixes used in the values of <em>table:formula</em>
attributes values shall be bound to the
"urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2 " namespace.</li>
<li>All <em>table:formula</em> attribute values shall be a conforming
OpenDocument Formula expression <a
href="#nref-odf1.3-Part-4:OpenFormula">[ODF1.3-Part-4:OpenFormula]</a>
2.2 OpenDocument Formula Expression.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="opendocument-drawing-document-1"><span
id="anchor-20"></span><span
id="opendocument-drawing-document"></span>OpenDocument Drawing
Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Drawing document</em> shall meet all requirements
of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following
additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>
element shall have an <em>office:mimetype</em> <a
href="#anchor-31">19.379</a> attribute with one of these values:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template".</li>
<li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a
file named mimetype containing one of these strings:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template".</li>
<li>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>
element shall have the child element <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt; <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a></em>.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="opendocument-presentation-document"><span
id="anchor-21"></span>OpenDocument Presentation Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Presentation document</em> shall meet all
requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the
following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>
element shall have an <em>office:mimetype</em> <a
href="#anchor-31">19.379</a> attribute with one of these values:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template".</li>
<li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a
file named mimetype containing one of these strings:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template".</li>
<li>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>
element shall have the child element <a href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>
<em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em>.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="opendocument-chart-document"><span
id="anchor-22"></span>OpenDocument Chart Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Chart document</em> shall meet all requirements
of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following
additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>
element shall have an <em>office:mimetype</em> <a
href="#anchor-31">19.379</a> attribute with one of these values:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template".</li>
<li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a
file named mimetype containing one of these strings:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template".</li>
<li>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>
element shall have the child element <em>&lt;office:chart&gt; <a
href="#anchor-31">19.379</a></em>.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="opendocument-image-document"><span
id="anchor-23"></span>OpenDocument Image Document</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument Image document</em> shall meet all requirements
of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following
additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>
element shall have an <em>office:mimetype</em> <a
href="#anchor-31">19.379</a> attribute with one of these values:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template".</li>
<li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a
file named mimetype containing one of these strings:
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image" or
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template".</li>
<li>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>
element shall have the child element <em>&lt;office:image&gt; <a
href="#anchor-35">3.9</a></em>.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="opendocument-formula-document"><span
id="anchor-24"></span>OpenDocument Formula Document</h3>
<p>An <em>OpenDocument Formula document</em> shall meet all requirements
of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the following
additional requirements: </p>
<ol type="A">
<li>If the document is an OpenDocument package, the package shall
contain a file named mimetype with content being the string
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula". </li>
<li>The package "content.xml" file shall have a
<em>&lt;math:math&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-13">14.6</a> root element.
</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="opendocument-database-front-end-document"><span
id="anchor-25"></span>OpenDocument Database Front End Document</h3>
<p>An <em>OpenDocument Database Front End document</em> shall meet all
requirements of a Conforming OpenDocument Document, as well as the
following additional requirements: </p>
<ol type="A">
<li>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>
element shall have an <em>office:mimetype</em> <a
href="#anchor-31">19.379</a> attribute with the value
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.base". </li>
<li>If the document is an OpenDocument package then it shall contain a
file named mimetype containing the string "
application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.base". </li>
<li>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>
element shall have the child element <em>&lt;office:database&gt; <a
href="#anchor-36">12.1</a></em>. </li>
</ol>
<h2 id="producers"><span id="anchor-37"></span>Producers</h2>
<h3 id="opendocument-producer"><span id="anchor-38"></span>OpenDocument
Producer</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument producer</em> is a program that creates at least
one conforming OpenDocument document, and that meets the following
additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>It may produce conforming OpenDocument extended documents, but it
shall have a mode of operation where it creates conforming OpenDocument
documents.</li>
<li>It shall be accompanied by a document that defines all
implementation-defined values used by the OpenDocument producer.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="opendocument-extended-producer"><span
id="anchor-39"></span>OpenDocument Extended Producer</h3>
<p>An<em> OpenDocument extended producer</em> is a program that creates
at least one conforming OpenDocument extended document, and that meets
the following additional requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>It shall be accompanied by a document that defines all
implementation-defined values used by the OpenDocument extended
producer.</li>
<li>It should be accompanied by a document that defines all foreign
elements and attributes used by the OpenDocument extended producer.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="consumer"><span id="anchor-40"></span>Consumer</h2>
<p>An <em>OpenDocument consumer</em> is a program that can parse and
interpret OpenDocument documents according to the semantics defined by
this specification, and that meets the following additional
requirements:</p>
<ol type="A">
<li>It shall be able to parse and interpret OpenDocument documents of
one or more of the document types defined by this specification (see <a
href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>), but it need not interpret the semantics of
all elements, attributes and attribute values.</li>
<li>It may be able to parse and interpret OpenDocument documents stored
as a single XML document, but it need not interpret the semantics of all
elements, attributes and attribute values.</li>
<li>It shall interpret those elements and attributes it does interpret
consistent with the semantics defined for the element or attribute by
this specification.</li>
<li>It should be able to parse and interpret conforming OpenDocument
extended documents, but it need not interpret the semantics of all
elements, attributes and attribute values.</li>
<li><p>The XML parser used to parse the files contained in a package
listed in <a href="#OpenDocument Document">2.2.1</a>, item B) or the
single document listed in <a href="#OpenDocument Document">2.2.1</a>,
item C) meets the following requirements:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>It shall be a nonvalidating XML processor with regard to the XML 1.0
specification <a href="#nref-xml1.0">[XML1.0]</a></li>
<li>It shall be and be a conforming processor with regard to the XML
Namespaces specification <a href="#nref-xml-names">[XML-Names]</a>.</li>
<li>It shall conform to the xml-id specification <a
href="#nref-xmlid">[XML-ID]</a>.</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<h1 id="document-structure"><span id="anchor-41"></span><span
id="Document Structure"></span>Document Structure</h1>
<h2 id="document-representation"><span id="anchor-42"></span>Document
Representation </h2>
<h3 id="general"><span id="anchor-43"></span>General</h3>
<p> defines two methods of document representation:</p>
<ul>
<li>A single XML document.</li>
<li>A collection of files within a package (<a
href="#nref-odf1.3-Part-2:Packages">[ODF1.3-Part-2:Packages]</a>), each
of which stores a part of a complete document.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="officedocumentsingle-opendocument-xml-files"><span
id="anchor-44"></span><span
id="anchor-28"></span>&lt;office:document&gt;(Single OpenDocument XML
Files)</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> element is the root element of a
document in format which is represented as a single XML document. It
contains the entire document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> element is a root element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a> and <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>grddl:transformation</em> <a
href="#anchor-47">19.320</a>, <em>office:mimetype</em> <a
href="#anchor-31">19.379</a> and <em>office:version</em> <a
href="#anchor-48">19.390</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-50">3.14</a>, <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-51">3.15.4</a>, <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>, <em>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-53">3.12</a>, <em>&lt;office:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-54">3.10</a> and <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="package-opendocument-files"><span id="anchor-56"></span><span
id="Package OpenDocument Files"></span>Package OpenDocument Files</h3>
<h4 id="general-1"><span id="anchor-57"></span>General</h4>
<p> The potential root elements for an OpenDocument document represented
as a package are defined in OpenDocument Document, <a
href="#OpenDocument Document">2.2.1</a>.</p>
<p>A package may also contain image files, embedded objects and
implementation-dependent files.</p>
<h4 id="officedocument-content"><span id="anchor-58"></span><span
id="anchor-12"></span>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em> root element contains
document content and automatic styles used in a document. The file
within a package for the <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em>
element is content.xml. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em> element is a root
element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>grddl:transformation</em> <a
href="#anchor-47">19.320</a> and <em>office:version</em> <a
href="#anchor-48">19.390</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-50">3.14</a> and <em>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-53">3.12</a>.</p>
<h4 id="officedocument-styles"><span id="anchor-59"></span><span
id="anchor-14"></span>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em> root element contains
styles used in document content and automatic styles used in styles. The
file within a package for the <em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em>
element is styles.xml.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em> element is a root
element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>grddl:transformation</em> <a
href="#anchor-47">19.320</a> and <em>office:version</em> <a
href="#anchor-48">19.390</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-50">3.14</a>, <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-51">3.15.4</a> and <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="officedocument-meta"><span id="anchor-60"></span><span
id="anchor-15"></span>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> root element contains
document metadata elements. The file within a package for the
<em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> element is meta.xml.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> element is a root
element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>grddl:transformation</em> <a
href="#anchor-47">19.320</a> and <em>office:version</em> <a
href="#anchor-48">19.390</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="officedocument-settings"><span id="anchor-61"></span><span
id="anchor-16"></span>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em> root element contains
implementation-dependent settings. The file within a package for the
<em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em> element is settings.xml. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em> element is a root
element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>grddl:transformation</em> <a
href="#anchor-47">19.320</a> and <em>office:version</em> <a
href="#anchor-48">19.390</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;office:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-54">3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="summary-of-document-representation"><span
id="anchor-62"></span>Summary of Document Representation</h3>
<p>OpenDocument file models are summarized in Table . </p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 7 - Root element content models</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Root Element</th>
<th><em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em></th>
<th><em>&lt;office:settings&gt;</em></th>
<th><em>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</em></th>
<th><em>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</em></th>
<th><em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em></th>
<th><em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em></th>
<th><em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em></th>
<th><em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em></td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="officemeta"><span id="anchor-63"></span><span
id="anchor-52"></span>&lt;office:meta&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> element contains metadata elements
for a document that are not specified by a manifest.rdf file. <a
href="#anchor-64">4.2.2</a></p>
<p>All the child elements of an <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> element
contain metadata about a document as a whole.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a> and <em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-15">3.1.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-65">4.3.2.7</a>,
<em>&lt;dc:date&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-66">4.3.2.10</a>,
<em>&lt;dc:description&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-67">4.3.2.3</a>,
<em>&lt;dc:language&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-68">4.3.2.15</a>,
<em>&lt;dc:subject&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-69">4.3.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;dc:title&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-70">4.3.2.2</a>,
<em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a>,
<em>&lt;meta:creation-date&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-72">4.3.2.9</a>,
<em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>, <em>&lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-74">4.3.2.16</a>, <em>&lt;meta:editing-duration&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-75">4.3.2.17</a>, <em>&lt;meta:generator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-76">4.3.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-77">4.3.2.14</a>, <em>&lt;meta:initial-creator&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-78">4.3.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;meta:keyword&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-79">4.3.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;meta:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-80">4.3.2.11</a>, <em>&lt;meta:printed-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-81">4.3.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-82">4.3.2.12</a> and <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-83">4.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officebody"><span id="anchor-84"></span><span
id="anchor-29"></span>&lt;office:body&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> element contains the elements that
represent the content of a document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a> and <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-12">3.1.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-36">12.1</a>,
<em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;office:image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-35">3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-32">3.7</a> and
<em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officetext"><span id="anchor-86"></span><span
id="anchor-30"></span>&lt;office:text&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> element represents the content of a
text document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:global</em> <a href="#anchor-87">19.812</a> and
<em>text:use-soft-page-breaks</em> <a href="#anchor-88">19.903</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-107">13.2</a>,
<em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-109">9.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-110">9.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-111">9.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-112">9.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-113">9.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-114">9.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-115">9.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-130">5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-136">5.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officedrawing"><span id="anchor-140"></span><span
id="anchor-33"></span>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> element represents a drawing
document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-109">9.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-110">9.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-111">9.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-112">9.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-113">9.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-114">9.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-115">9.4.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officepresentation"><span id="anchor-142"></span><span
id="anchor-34"></span>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> element represents a
presentation document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-143">10.9.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-144">10.9.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-145">10.9.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-109">9.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-110">9.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-111">9.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-112">9.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-113">9.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-114">9.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-115">9.4.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officespreadsheet"><span id="anchor-147"></span><span
id="anchor-32"></span>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> element represents a
spreadsheet document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:protection-key</em> <a
href="#anchor-148">19.701</a>,
<em>table:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-149">19.702</a> and <em>table:structure-protected</em> <a
href="#anchor-150">19.729</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-109">9.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-110">9.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-111">9.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-112">9.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-113">9.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-114">9.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-115">9.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-151">9.9.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officechart"><span id="anchor-152"></span><span
id="anchor-85"></span>&lt;office:chart&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> element represents a chart
document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>,
<em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-109">9.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-110">9.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-111">9.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-112">9.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-113">9.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-114">9.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-115">9.4.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officeimage"><span id="anchor-154"></span><span
id="anchor-35"></span>&lt;office:image&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:image&gt;</em> element represents an image
document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:image&gt;</em> element contains a
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a> element
which shall contain a single <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a> element. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:image&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:image&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:image&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officesettings"><span id="anchor-156"></span><span
id="anchor-54"></span>&lt;office:settings&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-2"><span id="anchor-157"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:settings&gt;</em> element contains one or more
<em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> elements, each of which
represents a set of application settings.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:settings&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a> and
<em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-16">3.1.3.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:settings&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:settings&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-158">3.10.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="configconfig-item-set"><span id="anchor-159"></span><span
id="anchor-158"></span>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> element is a container
element for application setting elements. Setting child elements may
occur in any order.</p>
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer shall use application settings to alter
application behavior only within the dimensions of variability permitted
by this standard.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-160">3.10.5</a>, <em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-158">3.10.2</a> and <em>&lt;office:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-54">3.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>config:name</em> <a href="#anchor-161">19.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-162">3.10.3</a>,
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-163">3.10.4</a>,
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-164">3.10.6</a> and
<em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-158">3.10.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="configconfig-item"><span id="anchor-165"></span><span
id="anchor-162"></span>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</em> element contains the value of
an application setting whose name is specified by its
<em>config:name</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-160">3.10.5</a> and
<em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-158">3.10.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>config:name</em> <a href="#anchor-161">19.29</a> and
<em>config:type</em> <a href="#anchor-166">19.30</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="configconfig-item-map-indexed"><span
id="anchor-167"></span><span
id="anchor-163"></span>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</em> element is a
container element for ordered sequences of application settings. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-160">3.10.5</a> and
<em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-158">3.10.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>config:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-161">19.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-160">3.10.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="configconfig-item-map-entry"><span id="anchor-168"></span><span
id="anchor-160"></span>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em> element represents
a single setting in a sequence of settings. The setting itself is
defined by the child element of
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em>, and may be a single
value, a set of settings, or a sequence of settings. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-163">3.10.4</a> and
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-164">3.10.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>config:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-161">19.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-162">3.10.3</a>,
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-163">3.10.4</a>,
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-164">3.10.6</a> and
<em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-158">3.10.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="configconfig-item-map-named"><span id="anchor-169"></span><span
id="anchor-164"></span>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</em> element contains a
sequence of application setting elements. Each sequence is identified by
the value of its <em>config:name</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-160">3.10.5</a> and
<em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-158">3.10.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>config:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-161">19.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-160">3.10.5</a>.</p>
<h2 id="cursor-position-setting"><span id="anchor-170"></span>Cursor
Position Setting</h2>
<p>A processing instruction with PITarget (see §2.6 of <a
href="#nref-xml1.0">[XML1.0]</a>) followed by the string cursor-position
represents a text cursor position in a document. The string
cursor-position may be followed by an arbitrary implementation-defined
string. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Where a text cursor position is not sufficient to recreate a
document view, producers may use arbitrary document-specific settings in
addition to a cursor position processing instruction. </p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="officescripts"><span id="anchor-171"></span><span
id="anchor-53"></span>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</em> element contains all the
<em>&lt;office:script&gt;</em> elements for a document. </p>
<p>Each <em>&lt;office:script&gt;</em> element contains a script. A
document may contain scripts in different scripting languages.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> Scripts need not use XML document models.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</em> element may also contain
<em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>
elements which contain the events assigned to the document itself. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a> and <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-12">3.1.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a> and <em>&lt;office:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-173">3.13</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officescript"><span id="anchor-174"></span><span
id="anchor-173"></span>&lt;office:script&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:script&gt;</em> element contains a script.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> In most situations, the element contains the source code of the
script, but it may also contain a compiled version of the script or a
link to external script code.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:script&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-53">3.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:script&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>script:language</em> <a
href="#anchor-175">19.434</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:script&gt;</em> element has mixed content where
arbitrary child elements are permitted.</p>
<h2 id="officefont-face-decls"><span id="anchor-176"></span><span
id="anchor-50"></span>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</em> element contains all the
font face declarations (<em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a> elements) for a document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-12">3.1.3.2</a> and
<em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-14">3.1.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styles"><span id="anchor-178"></span>Styles</h2>
<h3 id="general-3"><span id="anchor-179"></span><span
id="Styles General"></span>General</h3>
<p>There are three types of styles for documents: common, automatic and
master. </p>
<p>Page layouts and styles are defined by
<em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-180">16.5</a> and
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>
elements, respectively. </p>
<h3 id="officestyles"><span id="anchor-182"></span><span
id="anchor-55"></span>&lt;office:styles&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> element contains common styles
used in a document. A common style is a style chosen by a user for a
document or portion thereof.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a> and <em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-14">3.1.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>, <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-185">16.42.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-186">16.42.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-188">16.42.9</a>, <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a>, <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>,
<em>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-196">16.8</a>, <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a>,
<em>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-198">16.43</a>, <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>, <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a>, <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>,
<em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-205">16.32</a>, <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:outline-style&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-207">16.36</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officeautomatic-styles"><span id="anchor-208"></span><span
id="anchor-49"></span>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> element contains
automatic styles used in a document. </p>
<p>An automatic style is a set of formatting properties treated as
properties of the object to which the style is assigned. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Common and automatic styles behave differently in OpenDocument
editing consumers. Common styles present to a user as a named set of
formatting properties. The formatting properties of an automatic style
present to a user as properties of the object to which the style is
applied. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-12">3.1.3.2</a> and
<em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-14">3.1.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a>, <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-180">16.5</a>, <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-205">16.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officemaster-styles"><span id="anchor-209"></span><span
id="anchor-51"></span>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> element contains master
styles that are used in a document. A master style contains formatting
and other content that is displayed with document content when the style
is used. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a> and <em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-14">3.1.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-210">10.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="document-signatures"><span id="anchor-212"></span>Document
Signatures</h2>
<p>An OpenDocument document that is stored in a package may have one or
more digital signatures applied to the package.</p>
<p>Document signatures are stored in a file called
META-INF/documentsignatures.xml in the package as described in section
3.5 of the OpenDocument specification Part2. Document signatures shall
contain a &lt;ds:Reference&gt; element for each file within the package,
with the exception that &lt;ds:Reference&gt; elements for the
META-INF/documentsignatures.xml file containing the signature, and any
files contained in the package whose relative path starts with
"external-data/" should be omitted.</p>
<p>Signatures other than document signatures are
implementation-defined.</p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="foreign-elements-and-attributes"><span
id="anchor-27"></span><span id="anchor-213"></span>Foreign Elements and
Attributes</h2>
<p>OpenDocument extended documents may contain elements and attributes
not defined by the schema. Elements and attributes not defined by the
schema are called <em>foreign elements</em> and <em>attributes</em>.
Foreign elements and attributes shall not use a namespace listed in
tables 1, 2 or 3 of section <a href="#Namespaces">1.5</a>.</p>
<p>If a foreign element has a <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a> or <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a> ancestor element, and is a child element of
an element for which the OpenDocument schema permits the inclusion of
character data, and if the OpenDocument schema permits the inclusion of
character data for all its ancestors up to the <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em>
or <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> element ancestor element, or a
<em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> ancestor
element, then the element's content may be interpreted by conforming
OpenDocument consumers, and the document itself shall be valid against
the schema as if the foreign element's start- and end-tags or its
empty-element-tag are removed.</p>
<p>For a foreign element that occurs at another location, conforming
consumers should not interpret but may preserve the element’s
content.</p>
<p>Conforming extended producers should not use foreign elements and
attributes for features defined in the specification.</p>
<p>When a conforming consumer encounters an OpenDocument defined
attribute that has a value that is not defined by OpenDocument, it
should: </p>
<ol type="1">
<li>If the attribute has a specified default value, use its default
value, or </li>
<li>If the attribute does not have a specified default value, ignore the
attribute. </li>
</ol>
<h2 id="white-space-processing-and-eol-handling"><span
id="anchor-215"></span><span
id="White Space Processing and EOL Handling"></span>White Space
Processing and EOL Handling</h2>
<p>ODF processing of white space characters is in conformance with the
provisions of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XML1.0">[XML1.0]</span>.</p>
<p>In addition, OpenDocument Consumers shall ignore all element children
(<a href="#nref-rng">[RNG]</a> section 5, Data Model) of elements
defined in this specification that are strings consisting entirely of
white space characters and which do not satisfy a pattern of the
OpenDocument schema definition for the element.</p>
<p>Additional treatment of occurrences of white space characters depends
on the provisions for specific elements, attributes, and their datatypes
in this specification. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: There are special OpenDocument rules for the reduction of white
space sequences <a
href="#White Space Processing and EOL Handling">3.18</a> to single space
characters in the text obtained from <em>&lt;text:p&gt; <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a></em>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a> and their descendant elements.</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="mime-types-and-file-name-extensions"><span
id="anchor-216"></span>MIME Types and File Name Extensions</h2>
<p>Office documents contained in a package use the MIME types and file
name extensions listed in Appendix . See <a
href="#Package OpenDocument Files">3.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>Office documents not contained in a package should use the MIME type
<code>text/xml</code>.</p>
<p>Only MIME types and extensions that have been registered according to
<a href="#nref-rfc6838">[RFC6838]</a> should be used for office
documents that conform to this specification. The MIME types and
extensions listed in appendix should be used where appropriate.</p>
<h1 id="metadata"><span id="anchor-217"></span>Metadata</h1>
<h2 id="general-4"><span id="anchor-218"></span>General</h2>
<p>Metadata is general information about a document or its content.</p>
<p>OpenDocument supports five types of metadata:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>RDF metadata describing documents or the content of identifiable
OpenDocument elements. <a href="#anchor-64">4.2.2</a></li>
<li>Text content being used as RDF metadata. <a
href="#anchor-219">4.2.1</a> </li>
<li>Pre-defined metadata (meta.xml). <a
href="#anchor-220">4.3.2</a></li>
<li>User-defined metadata (using the <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em>
element). <a href="#anchor-221">4.3.3</a></li>
<li>Custom metadata (custom XML elements within meta.xml). <a
href="#anchor-222">4.3.1</a></li>
</ol>
<p>Pre-defined and user-defined metadata are both stored in the metadata
<em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#White Space Processing and EOL Handling">3.18</a> element. The
elements representing this metadata may be omitted or occur multiple
times. The updating of multiple instances of the same metadata elements
is implementation-dependent.</p>
<h2 id="rdf-metadata"><span id="anchor-223"></span>RDF Metadata</h2>
<h3 id="in-content-metadata-rdfa"><span
id="anchor-224"></span>In-Content Metadata (RDFa)</h3>
<p>Metadata in OpenDocument documents may be expressed using the model
of the W3C Resource Description Framework <a
href="#nref-rdf-concepts">[RDF-CONCEPTS]</a>.</p>
<p>RDF metadata is supported as in-content metadata and by manifest.rdf.
<a href="#anchor-64">4.2.2</a>. RDF metadata can be attached to elements
in the "content.xml" and "styles.xml" file. Elements supporting this
type of metadata have the following attributes: <em>xhtml:about</em> <a
href="#anchor-225">19.911</a>, <em>xhtml:property</em> <a
href="#anchor-226">19.914</a>, <em>xhtml:content</em> <a
href="#anchor-227">19.912</a>, and <em>xhtml:datatype</em> <a
href="#anchor-228">19.913</a>. When metadata is added using these
attributes, it is referred to as in-content metadata. If "content.xml"
and "styles.xml" files contain in-content metadata they shall be listed
in the package's "manifest.rdf" file. </p>
<h3 id="manifest.rdf"><span id="anchor-229"></span>manifest.rdf</h3>
<h4 id="general-5"><span id="anchor-64"></span>General</h4>
<p>The OpenDocument document contains a metadata manifest, as defined in
Part of this specification. The <a href="#nref-owl">[OWL]</a> Metadata
Manifest Description ontology defined in Part <span
id="anchor-230"></span> is extended with additional properties and
classes in appendix . The following OWL classes and properties are
defined.</p>
<h4 id="odfcontentfile"><span
id="anchor-231"></span>odf:ContentFile</h4>
<p>An instance of the odf:ContentFile class represents a content.xml
file.</p>
<p>The odf:ContentFile class is a subclass of pkg:File.</p>
<h4 id="odfstylesfile"><span id="anchor-232"></span>odf:StylesFile</h4>
<p>An instance of the odf:StylesFile class represents a styles.xml
file.</p>
<p>The odf:StylesFile class is a subclass of pkg:File</p>
<h4 id="odfelement"><span id="anchor-233"></span><span
id="owlclass-odf:Element"></span>odf:Element</h4>
<p>An instance of the odf:Element class represents an OpenDocument XML
element in a content.xml or styles.xml file. It is a subclass of the
pkg:Element class, which represents any XML element in the OpenDocument
package.</p>
<p> One or more rdf:type properties specify the metadata type of an
odf:Element.</p>
<p>Every XML element that is defined by this specification and has an
attribute of type ID may be described using an OWL class. The IRI of an
OWL class for an element is the concatenation of the element's QName
namespace IRI and its local name part. These classes are subclasses of
odf:Element. </p>
<p>The following properties are defined for the subclass describing a
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> element
(urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0meta-field) : odf:prefix
<a href="#anchor-234">4.2.2.5</a> and odf:suffix <a
href="#anchor-235">4.2.2.6</a>.</p>
<h4 id="odfprefix"><span id="anchor-236"></span><span
id="anchor-234"></span>odf:prefix</h4>
<p>The odf:prefix property defines the prefix content of a
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> element<span id="anchor-237"></span> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>.</p>
<p>This property can be used with the following class:
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0meta-field <a
href="#owlclass-odf:Element">4.2.2.4</a>.</p>
<h4 id="odfsuffix"><span id="anchor-239"></span><span
id="anchor-235"></span>odf:suffix</h4>
<p>The odf:suffix property defines the suffix content of a
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> element <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>.</p>
<p>This property can be used with the following class:
urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0meta-field <a
href="#owlclass-odf:Element">4.2.2.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="non-rdf-metadata"><span id="anchor-240"></span>Non-RDF
Metadata</h2>
<h3 id="general-6"><span id="anchor-241"></span>General</h3>
<p>Non-RDF metadata in OpenDocument is composed of pre-defined metadata
elements, user-defined metadata elements, and custom metadata
elements.</p>
<p>The pre-defined metadata elements have defined semantics. They should
be processed by consumers and updated by producers. They can be
referenced from within the document using text fields.</p>
<p>The pre-defined metadata elements borrow heavily upon the metadata
standards developed by the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative
(http://www.dublincore.org). Metadata elements drawn directly from the
Dublin Core work are in the http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1
namespace.</p>
<p>User-defined metadata specifies a triplet of name, type, and value.
Consumers can present these values to the user. </p>
<p>Custom metadata elements are arbitrary elements inside an
<em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> element. The semantics of custom metadata
elements is implementation-defined.</p>
<p>Custom metadata elements shall only occur in OpenDocument extended
documents. The use of custom metadata is deprecated in favor of RDF/XML
based metadata.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Consumers need not process custom metadata other than to
preserve it when editing a document. </p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="pre-defined-metadata-elements"><span
id="anchor-242"></span>Pre-Defined Metadata Elements</h3>
<h4 id="metagenerator"><span id="anchor-243"></span><span
id="anchor-76"></span>&lt;meta:generator&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:generator&gt;</em> element contains a string that
identifies the OpenDocument producer that was used to create or last
modify the document. This string should match the definition for
user-agents in the HTTP protocol as specified in section 14.43 of <a
href="#nref-rfc2616">[RFC2616]</a>. The generator string should allow
OpenDocument consumers to distinguish between all released versions of a
producer.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Release versions of a producer could be distinguished based on
build identifiers or patch-level information.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>If an OpenDocument producer that creates a document cannot provide an
identifier string, the producer shall not export this element. If a
producer stores a modified document created by another producer cannot
provide a unique identifier, it shall not export the original identifier
belonging to the producer that created the document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:generator&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:generator&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:generator&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:generator&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="dctitle"><span id="anchor-245"></span><span
id="anchor-70"></span>&lt;dc:title&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:title&gt;</em> element specifies the title of a
document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:title&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:title&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:title&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:title&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="dcdescription"><span id="anchor-246"></span><span
id="anchor-67"></span>&lt;dc:description&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:description&gt;</em> element contains a description of
a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:description&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:description&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:description&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:description&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="dcsubject"><span id="anchor-247"></span><span
id="anchor-69"></span>&lt;dc:subject&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:subject&gt;</em> element specifies the subject of a
document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:subject&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:subject&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:subject&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:subject&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="metakeyword"><span id="anchor-248"></span><span
id="anchor-79"></span>&lt;meta:keyword&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:keyword&gt;</em> element contains a keyword
pertaining to a document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:keyword&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:keyword&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:keyword&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:keyword&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="metainitial-creator"><span id="anchor-249"></span><span
id="anchor-78"></span>&lt;meta:initial-creator&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:initial-creator&gt;</em> element specifies the name
of the initial creator of a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:initial-creator&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:initial-creator&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:initial-creator&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:initial-creator&gt;</em> element has content of data
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="dccreator"><span id="anchor-250"></span><span
id="anchor-65"></span>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</em> element specifies the name of the
person who last modified a document (<em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em>), who
created an annotation (<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em>), who authored
a change (<em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em>). </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>, <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-252">5.5.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="metaprinted-by"><span id="anchor-253"></span><span
id="anchor-81"></span>&lt;meta:printed-by&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:printed-by&gt;</em> element specifies the name of
the last person who printed a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:printed-by&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:printed-by&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:printed-by&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:printed-by&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="metacreation-date"><span id="anchor-254"></span><span
id="anchor-72"></span>&lt;meta:creation-date&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:creation-date&gt;</em> element specifies the date
and time when a document was created.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:creation-date&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:creation-date&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:creation-date&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:creation-date&gt;</em> element has content of data
type <em>dateTime</em> <a href="#anchor-255">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="dcdate"><span id="anchor-256"></span><span
id="anchor-66"></span>&lt;dc:date&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:date&gt;</em> element specifies the date and time when
the document was last modified (<em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em>), when an
annotation was created (<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em>), when a
change was made (<em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em>).</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:date&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>, <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-252">5.5.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:date&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:date&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:date&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>dateTime</em> <a href="#anchor-255">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="metaprint-date"><span id="anchor-257"></span><span
id="anchor-80"></span>&lt;meta:print-date&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:print-date&gt;</em> element specifies the date and
time when a document was last printed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:print-date&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:print-date&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:print-date&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:print-date&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>dateTime</em> <a href="#anchor-255">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="metatemplate"><span id="anchor-258"></span><span
id="anchor-82"></span>&lt;meta:template&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> element specifies an IRI for the
document template that was used to create a document. The IRI is
specified using the <em>xlink:href</em> attribute. See <a
href="#nref-xlink">[XLink]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>meta:date</em> <a href="#anchor-259">19.323</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:title</em> <a href="#anchor-262">19.918</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h4 id="metaauto-reload"><span id="anchor-264"></span><span
id="anchor-71"></span>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> element specifies whether a
document is reloaded or replaced by another document after a specified
period of time has elapsed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>meta:delay</em> <a href="#anchor-265">19.324</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="metahyperlink-behaviour"><span id="anchor-267"></span><span
id="anchor-77"></span>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</em> element specifies the
default behavior for hyperlinks in a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>office:target-frame-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-268">19.385</a> and <em>xlink:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-266">19.917</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="dclanguage"><span id="anchor-269"></span><span
id="anchor-68"></span>&lt;dc:language&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:language&gt;</em> element specifies the default
language of a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:language&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:language&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:language&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dc:language&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>language</em> <a href="#anchor-270">18.3.16</a>.</p>
<h4 id="metaediting-cycles"><span id="anchor-271"></span><span
id="anchor-74"></span>&lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element specifies the number
of times a document has been edited. When a document is created, this
value is set to 1. Each time a document is saved, the editing-cycles
number is incremented by 1.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element has content of data
type <em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="metaediting-duration"><span id="anchor-273"></span><span
id="anchor-75"></span>&lt;meta:editing-duration&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:editing-duration&gt;</em> element specifies the
total time spent editing a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:editing-duration&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:editing-duration&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:editing-duration&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:editing-duration&gt;</em> element has content of
data type <em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="metadocument-statistic"><span id="anchor-275"></span><span
id="anchor-73"></span>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element represents
statistics about a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>meta:cell-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-276">19.321</a>, <em>meta:character-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-277">19.322</a>, <em>meta:draw-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-278">19.325</a>, <em>meta:frame-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-279">19.326</a>, <em>meta:image-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-280">19.327</a>,
<em>meta:non-whitespace-character-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-281">19.329</a>, <em>meta:object-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-282">19.330</a>, <em>meta:ole-object-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-283">19.331</a>, <em>meta:page-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-284">19.332</a>, <em>meta:paragraph-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-285">19.333</a>, <em>meta:row-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-286">19.334</a>, <em>meta:sentence-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-287">19.335</a>, <em>meta:syllable-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-288">19.336</a>, <em>meta:table-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-289">19.337</a> and <em>meta:word-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-290">19.339</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="metauser-defined"><span id="anchor-291"></span><span
id="anchor-83"></span>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> element specifies any
additional user-defined metadata for a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>meta:name</em> <a href="#anchor-292">19.328</a>,
<em>meta:value-type</em> <a href="#anchor-293">19.338</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> element has character data
content, or depending on the value of the <em>meta:value-type</em>
attribute content of type <em>double</em> <a
href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>, <em>date</em> <a
href="#anchor-295">18.2</a>, <em>dateTime</em> <a
href="#anchor-255">18.2</a>, <em>duration</em> <a
href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>, <em>boolean</em> <a
href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a> or <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h1 id="text-content"><span id="anchor-297"></span><span
id="Text Content"></span>Text Content</h1>
<h2 id="headings-paragraphs-and-basic-text-structure"><span
id="anchor-298"></span>Headings, Paragraphs and Basic Text
Structure</h2>
<h3 id="general-7"><span id="anchor-299"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> elements
represent headings and paragraphs, respectively. </p>
<p>Headings and paragraphs are collectively referred to as <em>paragraph
elements</em>.</p>
<h3 id="texth"><span id="anchor-300"></span><span
id="anchor-124"></span>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> element represents a heading in a
document. Headings define the division structure for a document. A
chapter or section begins with a heading and extends to the next heading
at the same or higher level.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-313">5.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-314">5.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>text:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-316">19.775</a>,
<em>text:cond-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-317">19.781</a>,
<em>text:id</em> <a href="#anchor-318">19.815</a>,
<em>text:is-list-header</em> <a href="#anchor-319">19.822</a>,
<em>text:outline-level</em> <a href="#anchor-320">19.850</a>,
<em>text:restart-numbering</em> <a href="#anchor-321">19.863</a>,
<em>text:start-value</em> <a href="#anchor-322">19.874</a>,
<em>text:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>,
<em>xhtml:about</em> <a href="#anchor-225">19.911</a>,
<em>xhtml:content</em> <a href="#anchor-227">19.912</a>,
<em>xhtml:datatype</em> <a href="#anchor-228">19.913</a>,
<em>xhtml:property</em> <a href="#anchor-226">19.914</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> element has the following child elements:
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-325">14.2</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-326">10.9.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-327">10.9.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-328">10.9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-331">8.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-333">7.3.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-334">7.3.7.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-338">7.7.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-340">7.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-341">7.5.18.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-343">7.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-344">7.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-345">7.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-352">7.7.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-353">7.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-354">7.4.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-355">7.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-356">7.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-357">7.7.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-359">7.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-360">7.7.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-361">7.7.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-362">7.5.18.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-363">7.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-364">7.5.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-365">6.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-366">7.7.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-368">7.5.16</a>,
<em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-369">7.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-372">6.1.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-373">7.5.18.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-374">7.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-375">7.5.18.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-377">7.7.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-378">7.7.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-379">7.5.18.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-380">7.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-381">7.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-382">7.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-383">7.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-385">6.2.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-387">7.7.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-388">6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-389">6.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-391">7.3.6.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-392">7.3.6.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-393">7.3.6.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-394">7.3.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-395">7.3.6.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-396">7.3.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-397">7.3.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-398">7.3.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-399">7.3.6.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-400">7.3.6.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-401">7.3.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-402">7.3.6.14</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-403">7.3.6.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-404">7.3.6.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-405">7.3.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-407">7.7.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-408">7.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-410">7.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-411">6.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-412">7.5.18.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-413">7.7.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-414">7.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-415">7.4.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-417">7.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-418">8.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-419">8.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-422">7.4.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-423">7.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-425">8.1.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-427">7.4.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-430">7.5.18.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textp"><span id="anchor-431"></span><span
id="anchor-129"></span>&lt;text:p&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element represents a paragraph, which is
the basic unit of text in an OpenDocument file.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-432">11.15</a>, <em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-433">11.19</a>, <em>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-434">11.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;chart:label-separator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-435">17.24</a>, <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>, <em>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-437">11.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-438">11.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>, <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-252">5.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-440">16.17</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-441">16.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-442">16.18</a>,
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-444">9.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-445">9.4.6</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-313">5.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-314">5.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>text:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-316">19.775</a>,
<em>text:cond-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-317">19.781</a>,
<em>text:id</em> <a href="#anchor-318">19.815</a>,
<em>text:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>,
<em>xhtml:about</em> <a href="#anchor-225">19.911</a>,
<em>xhtml:content</em> <a href="#anchor-227">19.912</a>,
<em>xhtml:datatype</em> <a href="#anchor-228">19.913</a>,
<em>xhtml:property</em> <a href="#anchor-226">19.914</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element has the following child elements:
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-325">14.2</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-326">10.9.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-327">10.9.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-328">10.9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-331">8.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-333">7.3.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-334">7.3.7.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-338">7.7.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-340">7.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-341">7.5.18.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-343">7.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-344">7.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-345">7.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-352">7.7.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-353">7.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-354">7.4.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-355">7.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-356">7.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-357">7.7.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-359">7.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-360">7.7.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-361">7.7.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-362">7.5.18.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-363">7.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-364">7.5.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-365">6.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-366">7.7.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-368">7.5.16</a>,
<em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-369">7.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-373">7.5.18.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-374">7.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-375">7.5.18.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-377">7.7.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-378">7.7.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-379">7.5.18.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-380">7.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-381">7.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-382">7.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-383">7.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-385">6.2.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-387">7.7.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-388">6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-389">6.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-391">7.3.6.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-392">7.3.6.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-393">7.3.6.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-394">7.3.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-395">7.3.6.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-396">7.3.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-397">7.3.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-398">7.3.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-399">7.3.6.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-400">7.3.6.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-401">7.3.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-402">7.3.6.14</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-403">7.3.6.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-404">7.3.6.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-405">7.3.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-407">7.7.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-408">7.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-410">7.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-411">6.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-412">7.5.18.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-413">7.7.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-414">7.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-415">7.4.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-417">7.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-418">8.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-419">8.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-422">7.4.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-423">7.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-425">8.1.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-427">7.4.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-430">7.5.18.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textpage-sequence"><span id="anchor-446"></span><span
id="anchor-130"></span>&lt;text:page-sequence&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-8"><span id="anchor-447"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-sequence&gt;</em> element contains at least one
<em>&lt;text:page&gt;</em> element. If there is more than one
<em>&lt;text:page&gt;</em> element, the <em>text:master-page-name</em>
attribute of the first <em>&lt;text:page&gt;</em> element specifies the
default master style for a document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-sequence&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-sequence&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-sequence&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-448">5.2.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textpage"><span id="anchor-449"></span><span
id="anchor-448"></span>&lt;text:page&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page&gt;</em> element represents a page in a
<em>&lt;text:page-sequence&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;text:page-sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-130">5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page&gt;</em> element has the following attribute:
<em>text:master-page-name</em> <a href="#anchor-450">19.839</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="lists"><span id="anchor-451"></span><span
id="List"></span>Lists</h2>
<h3 id="textlist"><span id="anchor-452"></span><span
id="anchor-126"></span>&lt;text:list&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> element represents a list. It may
contain a <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> element, followed by any
number of <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> elements. </p>
<p>Lists may be numbered. The numbering may be restarted with a specific
numbering at each list item. Lists may also continue numbering from
other lists in order to merge lists into a single, discontinuous list.
Whether list numbering is displayed or not depends on the list style
being used.</p>
<p>Every list has a list level, which is determined by the nesting of
the <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> element that represents that list. If a
list is not contained in another list, its list level is 1. If a list is
contained within another list, the list level of the contained list is
the list level of the list in which it is contained incremented by one.
If a list is contained in a table cell or text box, its list level
returns to 1, even if the table or text box is nested in another list.
</p>
<p>Every list with a list level of 1 defines a list and the counter
domain for its list items and any sub-list of that list. Each sub-list
starts a counter for its list items and any sub-list it may contain.
</p>
<p>Every list, including sub-lists, may have a list style which is
applied to its list items and sub-lists. A list style specified for a
sub-list overrides the list style specified for the list in which the
sub-list is contained.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-313">5.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-314">5.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>text:continue-list</em> <a href="#anchor-453">19.785</a>,
<em>text:continue-numbering</em> <a href="#anchor-454">19.786</a>,
<em>text:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-313">5.3.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-314">5.3.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="default-list-style"><span id="anchor-455"></span>Default List
Style </h3>
<p>If a list does not have a <em>style:name</em> attribute and therefore
no list style is specified, one of the following actions is taken:</p>
<ul>
<li>If the list is contained in another list, the list style defaults to
the style of the surrounding list.</li>
<li>If there is no list style specified for the surrounding list, but
the list contains paragraphs that have paragraph styles attached that
specify a list style, that list style is used. </li>
<li>An implementation-dependent default is applied to the list. </li>
</ul>
<p>To determine which formatting properties are applied to a list, the
list level and its style name are taken into account. <a
href="#anchor-205">16.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textlist-header"><span id="anchor-456"></span><span
id="anchor-313"></span>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> element represents a list
header and is a type of list item. It contains one or more paragraphs
that are displayed before a list. The paragraphs are formatted as list
items but they do not have a preceding number or bullet.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:number&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-372">6.1.10</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textlist-item"><span id="anchor-457"></span><span
id="anchor-314"></span>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> element represents an item in a
list.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:start-value</em> <a href="#anchor-322">19.874</a>,
<em>text:style-override</em> <a href="#anchor-458">19.881</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:number&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-372">6.1.10</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="list-item-style-rules"><span id="anchor-459"></span>List Item
Style Rules</h3>
<p>The first line in a list item is may be preceded by a bullet or
number, depending on the list style assigned to the list. If a list item
starts another list and does not contain any text, no bullet or number
is displayed.</p>
<p>The list style which is applied to a list need not contain a list
level style for the list level the list item specifies. The following
rules are applied to determine the list level style in this case</p>
<ul>
<li>If the list is contained in another list, the list level style
defined in the list style which is applied to the surrounding list for
the level of the item is used.</li>
<li>If a list is not contained in (surrounded by) another list or does
not have an assigned list level style, the list level style defined by
the default list style is used. See <a
href="#anchor-460">5.3.2</a>.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="textnumbered-paragraph-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-461"></span><span
id="anchor-127"></span>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> element numbers an
individual paragraph, as if it was part of a list at a specified
level.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Numbered paragraphs form an equivalent, alternative way of
specifying lists. A list in <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> representation
can be converted into a list in <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em>
representation and vice versa.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> element is deprecated in
favor of the <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>
element.</p>
<p>A numbered paragraph can be assigned a list level. A numbered
paragraph is equivalent to a list nested to the given level, containing
one list item with one paragraph. If no level is given, the numbered
paragraph is interpreted as being on level 1.</p>
<p>If a list style is not specified for a numbered paragraph, the list
style of the previous numbered paragraph in the same sublist is used. If
this paragraph is the first in the sublist, the list style of the
previous paragraph in the higher list level is used. If there is no
specified list style, the default list style is applied. <a
href="#anchor-460">5.3.2</a></p>
<p>If a list level style is missing in the applied list style of a
numbered paragraph, the same rules are applied to determine this list
level style as for list items.</p>
<p>The text of a formatted number can be included in a
<em>&lt;text:number&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p> This text can be used by consumers that do not support
numbering.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:continue-numbering</em> <a
href="#anchor-454">19.786</a>, <em>text:level</em> <a
href="#anchor-462">19.834</a>, <em>text:list-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-463">19.835</a>, <em>text:start-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-322">19.874</a>, <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-372">6.1.10</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numbered-paragraph-style-rules-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-464"></span>Numbered Paragraph Style Rules (deprecated)</h3>
<p>If a list style is not specified for a numbered paragraph, the list
style of the previous numbered paragraph in the same list is used. If
this paragraph is the first in the list, the list style of the previous
numbered paragraph in a higher list level is used. If there is no
specified style available, the default style is applied. <a
href="#anchor-460">5.3.2</a></p>
<p>If a list level style is missing in the applied list style of a
numbered paragraph, the rules for styles on list items are applied. <a
href="#anchor-465">5.3.5</a></p>
<h2 id="textsection"><span id="anchor-466"></span><span
id="anchor-131"></span>&lt;text:section&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-9"><span id="anchor-467"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> element represents a named portion
of content in a document. </p>
<p>Sections specify formatting properties for a region of text or text
that is automatically acquired from an external data source or document,
or another text section.</p>
<p>Sections support two ways of linking to external content. If a
section is linked to another document, the link can be through one of
the following:</p>
<ul>
<li>A resource identified by an XLink, represented by a
<em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> element</li>
<li>Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE), represented by a
<em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> element</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> or
<em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> elements are mutually exclusive
alternatives. Either element may occur only once as the first child
element of a <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>A section that links to external content should contain a full
representation of the external content that appears in the section. </p>
<p>Linked external content may have an arbitrary file format. Consumers
may process links to external content and the external content itself to
update the content that appears in a section. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:condition</em> <a href="#anchor-468">19.782</a>,
<em>text:display</em> <a href="#anchor-469">19.802</a>,
<em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>,
<em>text:protected</em> <a href="#anchor-471">19.855</a>,
<em>text:protection-key</em> <a href="#anchor-472">19.856</a>,
<em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-473">19.857</a>, <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-474">14.7.5</a>,
<em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-475">5.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsection-source"><span id="anchor-476"></span><span
id="anchor-475"></span>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> element indicates that a
section is a linked section.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:filter-name</em> <a href="#anchor-477">19.808</a>,
<em>text:section-name</em> <a href="#anchor-478">19.867</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="change-tracking"><span id="anchor-479"></span><span
id="TextChangeTracking"></span>Change Tracking</h2>
<h3 id="general-10"><span id="anchor-480"></span><span
id="TextChangeTrackingGeneral"></span>General</h3>
<p>The under-specification of change tracking in ODF 1.2 resulted in
varying implementations of this feature. Where interoperability between
implementations is required, this feature should be checked for
interoperability.</p>
<h3 id="texttracked-changes"><span id="anchor-481"></span><span
id="anchor-136"></span>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element acts as a container
for <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> elements that represent changes
in a certain scope of an OpenDocument document. This scope is the
element in which the <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element
occurs. Changes in this scope shall be tracked by
<em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> elements contained in the
<em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element in this scope.</p>
<p>If a <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element is absent, there
are no tracked changes in the corresponding scope. In this case, all
change mark elements (<a href="#anchor-482">5.5.8</a>) in this scope
shall be ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:track-changes</em> <a
href="#anchor-483">19.889</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-484">5.5.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textchanged-region"><span id="anchor-485"></span><span
id="anchor-484"></span>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</h3>
<p>Each <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> element contains a single
element, one of <em>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em>, or <em>&lt;text:format-change&gt;</em>
that corresponds to a change being tracked within the scope of the
<em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element that contains the
<em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> instance. </p>
<p>The <em>xml:id</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> is referenced from the
<em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> elements that identify where the change
applies to markup in the scope of the
<em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>A <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> can be referenced by more than
one change, but the corresponding referencing change mark elements shall
be of the same change type - insertion, format change or deletion.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-136">5.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:id</em> <a href="#anchor-318">19.815</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:format-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-486">5.5.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-487">5.5.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textinsertion"><span id="anchor-488"></span><span
id="anchor-487"></span>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</em> element contains the information
that identifies the person responsible for a change and the date of that
change. This information may also contain one or more
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> elements which contains a comment on the
insertion. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</em> element's parent
<em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> element has an <em>xml:id</em> or
<em>text:id</em> attribute, the value of which binds that parent element
to the <em>text:change-id</em> attribute on the
<em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em>
elements. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-484">5.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-252">5.5.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdeletion"><span id="anchor-489"></span><span
id="anchor-310"></span>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> element contains information that
identifies the person responsible for a deletion and the date of that
deletion. This information may also contain one or more
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> elements which contains a comment on the
deletion. The <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> element may also contain
content that was deleted while change tracking was enabled. The position
where the text was deleted is marked by a <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em>
element.</p>
<p>Deleted text is contained in a paragraph element. To reconstruct the
original text, the paragraph containing the deleted text is merged with
its surrounding paragraph or heading element.</p>
<p>To reconstruct the text before a deletion took place:</p>
<ul>
<li>If the change mark is inside a paragraph, insert the content that
was deleted, but remove all leading start tags up to and including the
first <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element and all trailing end tags up to
and including the last <code>&lt;/text:p&gt;</code> or
<code>&lt;/text:h&gt;</code> element. If the last trailing element is a
<code>&lt;/text:h&gt;</code>, change the end tag
<code>&lt;/text:p&gt;</code> following this insertion to a
<code>&lt;/text:h&gt;</code> element. </li>
<li>If the change mark is inside a heading, insert the content that was
deleted, but remove all leading start tags up to and including the first
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> element and all trailing end tags up to and
including the last <code>&lt;/text:h&gt;</code> or
<code>&lt;/text:p&gt;</code> element. If the last trailing element is a
<code>&lt;/text:p&gt;</code>, change the end tag
<code>&lt;/text:h&gt;</code> following this insertion to a
<code>&lt;/text:p&gt;</code> element. </li>
<li>Otherwise, copy the text content of the
<em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> element in place of the change mark.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-484">5.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-252">5.5.7</a>,
<em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textformat-change"><span id="anchor-490"></span><span
id="anchor-486"></span>&lt;text:format-change&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:format-change&gt;</em> element represents any change
in formatting attributes. The region where the change took place is
marked by <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> or <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em>
elements. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> This element does not contain formatting changes that have taken
place.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:format-change&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-484">5.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:format-change&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:format-change&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-252">5.5.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officechange-info"><span id="anchor-491"></span><span
id="anchor-252"></span>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> element represents who made a
change and when. It may also contain a comment (one or more
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> elements) on the change.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-492">9.9.17</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a>, <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-495">9.9.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:format-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-486">5.5.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-487">5.5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-65">4.3.2.7</a>, <em>&lt;dc:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-66">4.3.2.10</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="change-marks"><span id="anchor-496"></span>Change Marks</h3>
<h4 id="general-11"><span id="anchor-497"></span>General</h4>
<p>The change mark elements mark start, end and positions in a text
where a change has occurred. </p>
<p>These elements use the <em>text:change-id</em> attribute to link to
<em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> elements that contain the change
information. </p>
<h4 id="textchange-start"><span id="anchor-498"></span><span
id="anchor-122"></span>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</h4>
<p> The <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> element marks the start of a
region with content where text has been inserted or the format has been
changed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:change-id</em> <a href="#anchor-499">19.771</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="textchange-end"><span id="anchor-500"></span><span
id="anchor-121"></span>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> element marks the end of a
region with content where text has been inserted or the format has been
changed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:change-id</em> <a href="#anchor-499">19.771</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="textchange"><span id="anchor-501"></span><span
id="anchor-120"></span>&lt;text:change&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> element marks a position in an empty
region where text has been deleted.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> element has the following attribute:
<em>text:change-id</em> <a href="#anchor-499">19.771</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="textsoft-page-break"><span id="anchor-502"></span><span
id="anchor-133"></span>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> element represents a soft
page break within or between paragraph elements.</p>
<p>As a child element of a <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> element it
represents a soft page break between two table rows. It may appear in
front of a <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-503">9.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-505">9.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-313">5.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-314">5.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="document-declarations"><span id="anchor-506"></span>Document
Declarations</h2>
<p>The following declaration elements appear before the main content
element of a document: </p>
<ul>
<li><em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-507">7.4.3</a>
– declarations for variable fields. </li>
<li><em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a> – declarations for user-defined fields.
</li>
<li><em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-509">7.4.12</a>
– declarations for sequence fields.</li>
<li><em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt; <a
href="#anchor-352">7.7.12</a></em> – declarations for DDE fields and DDE
sections.</li>
<li><em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a> – declaration for generation of
alphabetical indexes. </li>
</ul>
<h1 id="paragraph-elements-content"><span id="anchor-510"></span><span
id="Paragarph Content"></span>Paragraph Elements Content</h1>
<h2 id="basic-text-content"><span id="anchor-511"></span>Basic Text
Content</h2>
<h3 id="general-12"><span id="anchor-512"></span>General</h3>
<p>The paragraph elements <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> and their descendant elements contain the text
content of any document. The <em>character content</em> of a paragraph
consists of the character data of the paragraph element and the
character data of its descendant elements concatenated in document
order, with the following exceptions:</p>
<p>Character data contained in the following elements or their
descendant elements are not included in the character content of a
paragraph:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em>. <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>.</li>
<li><em>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</em>. <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a></li>
<li><em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em>. <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a></li>
<li>Drawing shape and frame elements defined in sections <a
href="#anchor-513">10.3</a>, <a href="#anchor-514">10.4</a>, <a
href="#anchor-515">10.5</a> and <a href="#anchor-516">10.6</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p> This should significantly ease transformations into other formats,
since transformations need not interpret most of the descendant elements
of a paragraph element to obtain the character content of a
paragraph.</p>
<p>The phrase "document order" when used with reference to an
OpenDocument document instance is defined by §5.0 Data Model <a
href="#nref-xpath">[XPath]</a>. </p>
<h3 id="white-space-characters"><span id="anchor-517"></span><span
id="White-space Characters"></span>White Space Characters</h3>
<p>Consumers shall collapse white space characters that occur in </p>
<ul>
<li>a <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> or <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> element
(so-called paragraph elements), and </li>
<li>in their descendant elements, if the OpenDocument schema permits
<em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-389">6.1.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-411">6.1.4</a> or
<em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-411">6.1.4</a> as
element content..</li>
</ul>
<p>Collapsing white space characters is defined by the following
algorithm:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Descendant <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> elements are replaced with
their <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> child elements.</li>
<li>Descendant elements of the paragraph element which are not
<em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> or
<em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> elements and for which the OpenDocument
schema does not permit <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> as child
elements are removed from the paragraph element.</li>
<li>Descendant elements of the paragraph element for which the
OpenDocument schema permits <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> as child
elements are replaced by their character data and
<em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> element children.</li>
<li><p>The following <a href="#nref-unicode">[UNICODE]</a> characters
are replaced by a “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character:</p>
<ul>
<li>HORIZONTAL TABULATION (U+0009)</li>
<li>CARRIAGE RETURN (U+000D)</li>
<li>LINE FEED (U+000A)</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Leading “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters at the start of the resulting
text and trailing SPACE characters at the end of the resulting text are
removed.</li>
<li>Sequences of “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters are replaced by a single
“ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character. </li>
<li>The remaining <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> elements are interpreted as the
[UNICODE] white space characters they represent.</li>
</ol>
<p>OpenDocument producers shall produce paragraph elements that, when
consumed according to this algorithm, result in the expected amount of
white space.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall either process white space such that the
result is equivalent to the result of the given algorithm, or implement
a variation that increases interoperability with popular OpenDocument
1.2 producers. The variation replaces step 2 of the algorithm with steps
2a and 2b:</p>
<p>2a) Descendant elements of the paragraph element that are mark
elements (<em>&lt;text:change&gt; <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>,&lt;text:change-end&gt; <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>,&lt;text:change-start&gt; <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a><br />
&lt;text:bookmark&gt; <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a>,&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; <a
href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a>,&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt; <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>,&lt;text:reference-mark&gt; <a
href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a><br />
&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt; <a
href="#anchor-385">6.2.2.4</a>,&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt; <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a>,&lt;text:toc-mark&gt; <a
href="#anchor-418">8.1.4</a>,&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt; <a
href="#anchor-419">8.1.3</a>,&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt; <a
href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>,&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt; <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>,&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt; <a
href="#anchor-425">8.1.6</a>,&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt; <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a>,&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt; <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a>,&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;
<a
href="#anchor-331">8.1.9</a>,&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;
<a href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a></em>) are removed from the paragraph
element.</p>
<p>2b) Descendant elements of the paragraph element which are not
<em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> or
<em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> elements and for which the OpenDocument
schema does not permit <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> as child
elements are replaced with a hypothetical <em>&lt;text:s
text:c="0"/&gt;</em> element. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: XML formatting software that does not implement the ODF white
space rules may introduce or remove spaces.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="texts"><span id="anchor-518"></span><span
id="anchor-389"></span>&lt;text:s&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> element is used to represent the <a
href="#nref-unicode">[UNICODE]</a> character “ “ (U+0020, SPACE).</p>
<p>This element shall be used to represent the second and all following
“ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters in a sequence of “ “ (U+0020, SPACE)
characters.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> It is not an error if the character preceding the element is not a
white space character, but it is good practice to use this element only
for the second and all following “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) characters in a
sequence. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> element has the following attribute:
<em>text:c</em> <a href="#anchor-519">19.768</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="texttab"><span id="anchor-520"></span><span
id="anchor-411"></span><span
id="Tab Character"></span>&lt;text:tab&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> element represents the <a
href="#nref-unicode">[UNICODE]</a> tab character (HORIZONTAL TABULATION,
U+0009). A <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> element specifies that content
immediately following it should align at the next tab stop.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> element has the following attribute:
<em>text:tab-ref</em> <a href="#anchor-521">19.883</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="textline-break"><span id="anchor-522"></span><span
id="anchor-365"></span>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> element represents a line
break.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="soft-hyphens-hyphens-and-non-breaking-spaces"><span
id="anchor-523"></span>Soft Hyphens, Hyphens, and Non-breaking
Spaces</h3>
<p>Soft hyphens, hyphens, and non-breaking blanks are represented by <a
href="#nref-unicode">[UNICODE]</a> characters.</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 8 - Unicode characters</p>
</div>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>The <a href="#nref-unicode">[UNICODE]</a> character...</td>
<td>Represents...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U-00AD SOFT HYPHEN</td>
<td>soft hyphen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U+2011 NON-BREAKING HYPHEN</td>
<td>non-breaking hyphen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U+OOA0 NO BREAK SPACE</td>
<td>non-breaking space</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="textspan"><span id="anchor-524"></span><span
id="anchor-409"></span>&lt;text:span&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> element represents the application of
a style to the character data of a portion of text. The content of this
element is the text which uses that text style.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> element can be nested.</p>
<p>White space characters contained in this element are collapsed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>text:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-316">19.775</a> and
<em>text:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-325">14.2</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-326">10.9.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-327">10.9.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-328">10.9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-331">8.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-333">7.3.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-334">7.3.7.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-338">7.7.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-340">7.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-341">7.5.18.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-343">7.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-344">7.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-345">7.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-352">7.7.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-353">7.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-354">7.4.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-355">7.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-356">7.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-357">7.7.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-359">7.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-360">7.7.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-361">7.7.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-362">7.5.18.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-363">7.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-364">7.5.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-365">6.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-366">7.7.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-368">7.5.16</a>,
<em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-369">7.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-373">7.5.18.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-374">7.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-375">7.5.18.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-377">7.7.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-378">7.7.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-379">7.5.18.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-380">7.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-381">7.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-382">7.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-383">7.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-385">6.2.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-387">7.7.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-388">6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-389">6.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-391">7.3.6.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-392">7.3.6.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-393">7.3.6.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-394">7.3.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-395">7.3.6.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-396">7.3.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-397">7.3.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-398">7.3.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-399">7.3.6.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-400">7.3.6.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-401">7.3.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-402">7.3.6.14</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-403">7.3.6.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-404">7.3.6.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-405">7.3.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-407">7.7.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-408">7.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-410">7.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-411">6.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-412">7.5.18.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-413">7.7.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-414">7.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-415">7.4.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-417">7.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-418">8.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-419">8.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-422">7.4.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-423">7.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-425">8.1.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-427">7.4.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-430">7.5.18.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texta"><span id="anchor-525"></span><span
id="anchor-329"></span>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> element represents a hyperlink.</p>
<p>The anchor of a hyperlink is composed of the character data contained
in the <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> element and any of its descendant
elements which constitute the character data of the paragraph element
which contains the <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> element. <a
href="#anchor-526">6.1.1</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>office:name</em> <a href="#anchor-527">19.380</a>,
<em>office:target-frame-name</em> <a href="#anchor-268">19.385</a>,
<em>office:title</em> <a href="#anchor-528">19.387</a>,
<em>text:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>,
<em>text:visited-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-529">19.907</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> element has the following child elements:
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-325">14.2</a>,
<em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-326">10.9.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-327">10.9.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-328">10.9.3.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-331">8.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-333">7.3.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-334">7.3.7.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-338">7.7.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-340">7.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-341">7.5.18.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-343">7.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-344">7.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-345">7.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-352">7.7.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-353">7.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-354">7.4.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-355">7.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-356">7.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-357">7.7.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-359">7.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-360">7.7.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-361">7.7.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-362">7.5.18.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-363">7.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-364">7.5.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-365">6.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-366">7.7.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-368">7.5.16</a>,
<em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-369">7.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-373">7.5.18.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-374">7.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-375">7.5.18.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-377">7.7.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-378">7.7.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-379">7.5.18.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-380">7.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-381">7.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-382">7.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-383">7.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-385">6.2.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-387">7.7.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-388">6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-389">6.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-391">7.3.6.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-392">7.3.6.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-393">7.3.6.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-394">7.3.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-395">7.3.6.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-396">7.3.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-397">7.3.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-398">7.3.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-399">7.3.6.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-400">7.3.6.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-401">7.3.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-402">7.3.6.14</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-403">7.3.6.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-404">7.3.6.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-405">7.3.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-407">7.7.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-408">7.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-410">7.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-411">6.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-412">7.5.18.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-413">7.7.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-414">7.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-415">7.4.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-417">7.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-418">8.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-419">8.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-422">7.4.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-423">7.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-425">8.1.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-427">7.4.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-430">7.5.18.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textmeta"><span id="anchor-530"></span><span
id="anchor-367"></span>&lt;text:meta&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> element represents portions of text
that have in-content metadata attached. See <a
href="#anchor-225">19.911</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>xhtml:about</em> <a href="#anchor-225">19.911</a>,
<em>xhtml:content</em> <a href="#anchor-227">19.912</a>,
<em>xhtml:datatype</em> <a href="#anchor-228">19.913</a>,
<em>xhtml:property</em> <a href="#anchor-226">19.914</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-325">14.2</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-326">10.9.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-327">10.9.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-328">10.9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-331">8.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-333">7.3.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-334">7.3.7.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-338">7.7.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-340">7.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-341">7.5.18.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-343">7.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-344">7.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-345">7.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-352">7.7.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-353">7.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-354">7.4.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-355">7.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-356">7.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-357">7.7.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-359">7.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-360">7.7.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-361">7.7.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-362">7.5.18.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-363">7.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-364">7.5.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-365">6.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-366">7.7.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-368">7.5.16</a>,
<em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-369">7.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-373">7.5.18.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-374">7.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-375">7.5.18.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-377">7.7.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-378">7.7.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-379">7.5.18.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-380">7.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-381">7.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-382">7.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-383">7.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-385">6.2.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-387">7.7.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-388">6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-389">6.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-391">7.3.6.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-392">7.3.6.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-393">7.3.6.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-394">7.3.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-395">7.3.6.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-396">7.3.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-397">7.3.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-398">7.3.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-399">7.3.6.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-400">7.3.6.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-401">7.3.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-402">7.3.6.14</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-403">7.3.6.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-404">7.3.6.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-405">7.3.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-407">7.7.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-408">7.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-410">7.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-411">6.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-412">7.5.18.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-413">7.7.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-414">7.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-415">7.4.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-417">7.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-418">8.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-419">8.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-422">7.4.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-423">7.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-425">8.1.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-427">7.4.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-430">7.5.18.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textnumber"><span id="anchor-531"></span><span
id="anchor-372"></span>&lt;text:number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:number&gt;</em> element contains the text of a
formatted number which is present when a list style is applied to an
element whose corresponding list level style specifies that the list
label is a number. This text may be used by consumers that do not
support the automatic generation of numbering but should be ignored by
consumers that do support it. </p>
<p>This element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:number&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-313">5.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-314">5.3.4</a> and
<em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:number&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:number&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:number&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="bookmarks-and-references"><span id="anchor-532"></span>Bookmarks
and References</h2>
<h3 id="bookmarks"><span id="anchor-533"></span>Bookmarks</h3>
<h4 id="general-13"><span id="anchor-534"></span>General</h4>
<p>There are two types of bookmarks:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A point reference</p>
<p>A point reference marks a position in text and is represented by a
single <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> element.</p></li>
<li><p>A bookmark reference</p>
<p>A bookmark reference marks a range of characters in text and is
represented by two elements; a <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em>
element to mark the start of the range and a following
<em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> element to mark the end of the
range.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Every reference is identified by the value of its <em>text:name</em>
attribute, which shall be unique. In a bookmark reference, the start and
end elements shall use the same attribute value.</p>
<p>Bookmark references support overlapping references. </p>
<h4 id="textbookmark"><span id="anchor-535"></span><span
id="anchor-336"></span>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> element marks a text position.
</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h4 id="textbookmark-start"><span id="anchor-536"></span><span
id="anchor-339"></span>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> element marks the start
position of a bookmark in a text range.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>,
<em>xhtml:about</em> <a href="#anchor-225">19.911</a>,
<em>xhtml:content</em> <a href="#anchor-227">19.912</a>,
<em>xhtml:datatype</em> <a href="#anchor-228">19.913</a>,
<em>xhtml:property</em> <a href="#anchor-226">19.914</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="textbookmark-end"><span id="anchor-537"></span><span
id="anchor-337"></span>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> element marks the end position
of a bookmark in a text range.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="references"><span id="anchor-538"></span><span
id="Reference Marks"></span>References</h3>
<h4 id="general-14"><span id="anchor-539"></span>General</h4>
<p>There are two types of reference marks:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>A point reference</p>
<p>A point reference marks a position in text and is represented by a
single <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> element.</p></li>
<li><p>A range reference</p>
<p>A range reference marks a range of characters in text and is
represented by two elements; a
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> element to mark the start of
the range and a following <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em>
element to mark the end of the range.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Every reference is identified by the value of its <em>text:name</em>
attribute, which shall be unique. In a range reference, the start and
end elements shall use the same attribute value.</p>
<p>Range references support overlapping references. </p>
<h4 id="textreference-mark"><span id="anchor-540"></span><span
id="anchor-384"></span>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> element represents a point
reference.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="textreference-mark-start"><span id="anchor-541"></span><span
id="anchor-386"></span>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> element represent the
start of a range reference.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="textreference-mark-end"><span id="anchor-542"></span><span
id="anchor-385"></span>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em> element represent the
end of a range reference.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="notes"><span id="anchor-543"></span><span
id="text-notes"></span>Notes</h2>
<h3 id="general-15"><span id="anchor-544"></span>General</h3>
<p>Notes consist of a <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> element which occurs in
the text stream at the position to which the note is anchored. The
numbering and rendering of notes is specified by a
<em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> element, which occurs inside
an <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> element.</p>
<h3 id="textnote"><span id="anchor-545"></span><span
id="anchor-370"></span>&lt;text:note&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> element represents text notes which
are attached to a text position.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>text:id</em> <a href="#anchor-318">19.815</a> and
<em>text:note-class</em> <a href="#anchor-546">19.843</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:note-citation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-547">6.3.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textnote-citation"><span id="anchor-548"></span><span
id="anchor-547"></span>&lt;text:note-citation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-citation&gt;</em> element contains a citation,
either as a formatted number or a string.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-citation&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-citation&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:label</em> <a href="#anchor-549">19.832</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-citation&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-citation&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textnote-body"><span id="anchor-550"></span><span
id="anchor-315"></span>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> element contains the content of a
note. It does not have any attributes.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> The schema allows for the inclusion of &lt;text:note&gt; elements as
a descendant of a child of the &lt;text:note-body&gt; element. While
this may be reasonable for note types, it is not reasonable for
footnotes and endnotes. Conforming consumers need not support notes
inside notes.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textruby"><span id="anchor-551"></span><span
id="anchor-388"></span>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-16"><span id="anchor-552"></span>General</h3>
<p>A ruby is additional text that is displayed above or below a base
text. The purpose of a ruby is to annotate a base text or to provide
information about its pronunciation.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> element has the following attribute:
<em>text:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-553">6.4.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textruby-base"><span id="anchor-554"></span><span
id="anchor-214"></span>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> element contains the text that is
to be annotated. It contains any paragraph element content, such as text
spans. The element's <em>text:style-name</em> attribute references a
ruby style that specifies formatting attributes of the ruby.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-388">6.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-325">14.2</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-326">10.9.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-327">10.9.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-328">10.9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-331">8.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-333">7.3.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-334">7.3.7.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-338">7.7.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-340">7.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-341">7.5.18.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-343">7.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-344">7.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-345">7.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-352">7.7.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-353">7.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-354">7.4.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-355">7.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-356">7.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-357">7.7.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-359">7.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-360">7.7.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-361">7.7.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-362">7.5.18.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-363">7.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-364">7.5.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-365">6.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-366">7.7.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-368">7.5.16</a>,
<em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-369">7.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-373">7.5.18.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-374">7.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-375">7.5.18.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-377">7.7.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-378">7.7.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-379">7.5.18.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-380">7.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-381">7.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-382">7.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-383">7.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-385">6.2.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-387">7.7.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-388">6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-389">6.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-391">7.3.6.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-392">7.3.6.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-393">7.3.6.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-394">7.3.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-395">7.3.6.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-396">7.3.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-397">7.3.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-398">7.3.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-399">7.3.6.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-400">7.3.6.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-401">7.3.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-402">7.3.6.14</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-403">7.3.6.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-404">7.3.6.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-405">7.3.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-407">7.7.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-408">7.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-410">7.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-411">6.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-412">7.5.18.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-413">7.7.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-414">7.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-415">7.4.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-417">7.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-418">8.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-419">8.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-422">7.4.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-423">7.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-425">8.1.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-427">7.4.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-430">7.5.18.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textruby-text"><span id="anchor-555"></span><span
id="anchor-553"></span>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</em> element contains an annotation
text. It contains only plain text. The element's
<em>text:style-name</em> attribute references a text style that
specifies further formatting attributes used for the annotation
text.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-388">6.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h1 id="text-fields"><span id="anchor-556"></span><span
id="Text Fields"></span>Text Fields</h1>
<h2 id="general-17"><span id="anchor-557"></span>General</h2>
<p> text documents or text content embedded in other types of documents
may contain variable text elements called fields. Fields are commonly
used for:</p>
<ul>
<li>Page numbers<br />
A page number field displays the number of the page on which it
appears.</li>
<li>Creation dates<br />
A creation date field displays the date on which a document was
created.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="common-characteristics-of-field-elements"><span
id="anchor-558"></span>Common Characteristics of Field Elements</h2>
<p>Each field type is represented by a corresponding element type. The
content of an element is a textual representation of the current field
value as it would be displayed or printed by an implementation that
supports that field. </p>
<p>The value of a field is stored in an attribute. Storage of the value
enables recalculation of the presentation of a field. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: For string values, if a value is identical to a presentation,
the value attribute can be omitted to avoid duplicate storage of
information.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The presentation of information in a field is determined by the style
applied to the field. </p>
<h2 id="document-fields"><span id="anchor-559"></span>Document
Fields</h2>
<h3
id="generaldocument-fields-display-information-about-the-current-document-or-about-a-specific-part-of-the-current-document."><span
id="anchor-560"></span><span
id="document-fields-general"></span>GeneralDocument fields display
information about the current document or about a specific part of the
current document.</h3>
<h3 id="textdate"><span id="anchor-561"></span><span
id="anchor-351"></span>&lt;text:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> element displays a date, By default
this is the current date. The date can be adjusted to display a date
other than the current date.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>style:data-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>,
<em>text:date-adjust</em> <a href="#anchor-563">19.798</a>,
<em>text:date-value</em> <a href="#anchor-564">19.799</a> and
<em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="texttime"><span id="anchor-566"></span><span
id="anchor-416"></span>&lt;text:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> element displays a time. By default
this is the current time.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>style:data-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>,
<em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>,
<em>text:time-adjust</em> <a href="#anchor-567">19.886</a> and
<em>text:time-value</em> <a href="#anchor-568">19.887</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textpage-number"><span id="anchor-569"></span><span
id="anchor-376"></span>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> element displays the current
page number.</p>
<p>If a number style is not specified for page numbers, the default is
the default number style of the current page style. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> The <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> element displays the total
number of pages in a document. <a href="#anchor-375">7.5.18.2</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>,
<em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>,
<em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>,
<em>text:page-adjust</em> <a href="#anchor-572">19.851</a> and
<em>text:select-page</em> <a href="#anchor-573">19.869</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textpage-continuation"><span id="anchor-574"></span><span
id="anchor-374"></span>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em> element contains a text
notice that is displayed or printed at the bottom of a page to indicate
that the preceding text continues on the next page.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:select-page</em> <a href="#anchor-573">19.869</a>
and <em>text:string-value</em> <a href="#anchor-575">19.877</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h3 id="subsequent-author-fields"><span
id="anchor-576"></span>Subsequent Author Fields</h3>
<h4 id="general-18"><span id="anchor-577"></span>General</h4>
<p>Subsequent author fields capture information about second and
following authors for a document. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: In OpenDocument 1.0/1.1, these fields were referenced as
“sender” fields and that terminology still appears in the names of these
elements. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>If a subsequent author field is marked fixed using the
<em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a> attribute, the
original information in that field is preserved. Otherwise, the
information is updated each time the file is edited.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-firstname"><span id="anchor-578"></span><span
id="anchor-396"></span>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em> element represents the
first name of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-lastname"><span id="anchor-579"></span><span
id="anchor-398"></span>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em> element represents the last
name of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-initials"><span id="anchor-580"></span><span
id="anchor-397"></span>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em> element represents the
initials of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-title"><span id="anchor-581"></span><span
id="anchor-405"></span>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> element represents the title
of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-position"><span id="anchor-582"></span><span
id="anchor-401"></span>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> element represents the
position of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-email"><span id="anchor-583"></span><span
id="anchor-394"></span>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> element represents the email
address of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-phone-private"><span id="anchor-584"></span><span
id="anchor-399"></span>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> element represents the
private telephone number of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-fax"><span id="anchor-585"></span><span
id="anchor-395"></span>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> element represents the facsimile
number of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-company"><span id="anchor-586"></span><span
id="anchor-392"></span>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> element represents the name
of the company that employs a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-phone-work"><span id="anchor-587"></span><span
id="anchor-400"></span>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em> element represents the
office telephone number of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-street"><span id="anchor-588"></span><span
id="anchor-404"></span>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> element represents the street
address of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-city"><span id="anchor-589"></span><span
id="anchor-391"></span>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> element represents the city
name of the address of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-postal-code"><span id="anchor-590"></span><span
id="anchor-402"></span>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> element represents the
postal code of the address of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-country"><span id="anchor-591"></span><span
id="anchor-393"></span>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> element represents the
country name of the address of a subsequent author.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textsender-state-or-province"><span id="anchor-592"></span><span
id="anchor-403"></span>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> element represents
the state or province name of the address of a subsequent author, if
applicable.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> element has
character data content.</p>
<h3 id="author-fields"><span id="anchor-593"></span>Author Fields</h3>
<h4 id="textauthor-name"><span id="anchor-594"></span><span
id="anchor-334"></span>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> element represents the full
name of the author of a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textauthor-initials"><span id="anchor-595"></span><span
id="anchor-333"></span>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> element represents the
initials of the author of a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textchapter"><span id="anchor-596"></span><span
id="anchor-340"></span>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> element represents a field that
displays one of the following:</p>
<ul>
<li>The name of the current chapter</li>
<li>The number of the current chapter</li>
<li>Both the name and number of the current chapter</li>
</ul>
<p>If this element is placed inside a header or footer, it displays the
current chapter name or number on every page.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:display</em> <a href="#anchor-469">19.802</a> and
<em>text:outline-level</em> <a href="#anchor-320">19.850</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textfile-name"><span id="anchor-597"></span><span
id="anchor-359"></span>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> element represents a field that
displays the name of a file that is being edited.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:display</em> <a href="#anchor-469">19.802</a> and
<em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="texttemplate-name"><span id="anchor-598"></span><span
id="anchor-414"></span>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> element represents a field
that displays information about the document template in use.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:display</em> <a href="#anchor-469">19.802</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textsheet-name"><span id="anchor-599"></span><span
id="anchor-408"></span>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> element represents the name of
the current sheet..</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h2 id="variable-fields"><span id="anchor-600"></span>Variable
Fields</h2>
<h3 id="general-19"><span id="anchor-601"></span>General</h3>
<p> documents can contain variables, which are processed or displayed
using variable fields. In an file, variable declarations shall precede
in document order any use of those variable declarations. </p>
<p>There are three types of variables:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>Simple variables</strong></p>
<p>Simple variables, or variables, can take different values at
different positions in a document. Simple variables can be set using
either setter or input fields. Setter fields contain an expression,
which is used to compute the new value of the variable. Input fields
prompt the user for the new value. </p>
<p>Note: Simple variables can be used to display different text in
recurring elements, such as headers or footers.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>User variables</strong></p>
<p>If a user variable is set anywhere within the document, all fields in
a document that display that user variable have the same value. The
value of the user variable can only be set after the variable is
declared.</p>
<p>Note: In a consumer's user interface, a user variable can be set at
any occurrence of a user field, or by using user variable input
fields.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Sequence variables</strong></p>
<p>Sequence variables are used to number items in an text document</p>
<p>Note: Sequence variables can be used to number images or tables in a
text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The value of a sequence variable is initialized to 0 (zero) by its
declaration. </p>
<p>Variables shall be declared before they can be used. The elements for
declaring variables are described in sections <a
href="#anchor-507">7.4.3</a>, <a href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a> and <a
href="#anchor-509">7.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The display of variables is determined by styles which are specified
by the element that defines the variable.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-decls"><span id="anchor-602"></span><span
id="anchor-139"></span>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> element is a container for
<em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-507">7.4.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-decl"><span id="anchor-603"></span><span
id="anchor-507"></span>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> element is used to declare
simple variables. This element specifies the name and the value type of
a variable.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>office:value-type</em> <a href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>
and <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-set"><span id="anchor-605"></span><span
id="anchor-429"></span>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> element represents a simple
variable. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:currency</em> <a
href="#anchor-607">19.373</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>, <em>office:value-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>, <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-469">19.802</a>, <em>text:formula</em> <a
href="#anchor-612">19.811</a> and <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-get"><span id="anchor-613"></span><span
id="anchor-427"></span>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> element sets the display of
the value of a simple variable. The value of this element is the value
of the last preceding <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> element with an
identical value for its <em>text:name</em> attribute.</p>
<p>If there is no preceding <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> element
with an identical value for its <em>text:name</em> attribute the value
of a <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> field is undefined. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-469">19.802</a> and <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-input"><span id="anchor-614"></span><span
id="anchor-428"></span>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> element represents user
supplied variable values. This element can be empty if its
<em>text:display</em> attribute is set to none.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>office:value-type</em> <a href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>,
<em>style:data-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>,
<em>text:description</em> <a href="#anchor-615">19.801</a>,
<em>text:display</em> <a href="#anchor-469">19.802</a> and
<em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-field-decls"><span id="anchor-616"></span><span
id="anchor-137"></span>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> element is a container for
<em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-field-decl"><span id="anchor-617"></span><span
id="anchor-508"></span>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> element is used to specify
user variable values that are displayed using the
<em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:currency</em> <a
href="#anchor-607">19.373</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>, <em>office:value-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>, <em>text:formula</em> <a
href="#anchor-612">19.811</a> and <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-field-get"><span id="anchor-618"></span><span
id="anchor-422"></span>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> element displays the content
of a user variable. The value of this element is the value of a
<em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> element with a <em>text:name</em>
attribute value that matches the <em>text:name</em> attribute of this
element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-469">19.802</a> and <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-field-input"><span id="anchor-619"></span><span
id="anchor-423"></span>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> element is an alternative
method of displaying user variables. The value of this element is the
value of a <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> element with a
<em>text:name</em> attribute value that matches the <em>text:name</em>
attribute of this element.</p>
<p>This element can be empty if the <em>text:display</em> attribute is
set to none.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:description</em> <a
href="#anchor-615">19.801</a> and <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textsequence-decls"><span id="anchor-620"></span><span
id="anchor-132"></span>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> element is a container for
<em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-509">7.4.12</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsequence-decl"><span id="anchor-621"></span><span
id="anchor-509"></span>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> element is used to declare
sequence variables used to number items within an text document. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Sequence variables are commonly used for sequential numbering.
However, expression formulas can be included in sequence fields to
support more advanced sequences.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:display-outline-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-622">19.804</a>, <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a> and <em>text:separation-character</em> <a
href="#anchor-623">19.870</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textsequence"><span id="anchor-624"></span><span
id="anchor-406"></span>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</h3>
<p>A <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> element specifies a sequence
field.</p>
<p>A sequence field changes the value of a sequence variable by a
specified formula and displays the changed value of the sequence
variable in a specified format. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Sequence variables and fields are used to number repeating
document elements such as pages, tables or images. In such cases, the
formula could be: "sequenceVariableName + 1." A sequence variable can be
set to a specific value or not changed at all.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>,
<em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>,
<em>text:formula</em> <a href="#anchor-612">19.811</a>,
<em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a> and
<em>text:ref-name</em> <a href="#anchor-625">19.859</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textexpression"><span id="anchor-626"></span><span
id="anchor-358"></span>&lt;text:expression&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> element represents expressions
that are evaluated and the resulting value displayed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:currency</em> <a
href="#anchor-607">19.373</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>, <em>office:value-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>, <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-469">19.802</a> and <em>text:formula</em> <a
href="#anchor-612">19.811</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="texttext-input"><span id="anchor-627"></span><span
id="anchor-415"></span>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> element is a text input field. A
text input field is used in a user interface to prompt a user to input
text. This text is stored and displayed as the content of this element
until it is replaced by a user.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:description</em> <a
href="#anchor-615">19.801</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textdrop-down"><span id="anchor-628"></span><span
id="anchor-354"></span>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> element is a drop-down list input
field. A drop-down list input field is used in a user interface to
prompt a user to select a value from a list of options. The selected
value is stored and displayed as the content of this element until it is
changed by a user.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-629">7.4.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textlabel"><span id="anchor-630"></span><span
id="anchor-629"></span>&lt;text:label&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:label&gt; </em>element defines an entry in a
drop-down list.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-354">7.4.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>text:current-selected</em> <a href="#anchor-631">19.790</a> and
<em>text:value</em> <a href="#anchor-632">19.906</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="metadata-fields"><span id="anchor-633"></span>Metadata
Fields</h2>
<h3 id="general-20"><span id="anchor-634"></span>General</h3>
<p>Metadata field elements display meta information about a
document.</p>
<p>All metadata field elements can be marked as fixed using the
<em>text:fixed</em> attribute. <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a></p>
<h3 id="textinitial-creator"><span id="anchor-635"></span><span
id="anchor-363"></span>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em> element displays the value
contained in the <em>&lt;meta:initial-creator&gt;</em> element of a
document. <a href="#anchor-78">4.3.2.6</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textcreation-date"><span id="anchor-636"></span><span
id="anchor-343"></span>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> element displays the value
contained in the <em>&lt;meta:creation-date&gt;</em> element of a
document. <a href="#anchor-72">4.3.2.9</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-564">19.799</a> and <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textcreation-time"><span id="anchor-637"></span><span
id="anchor-344"></span>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> element represents the time
at which a document was created.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a> and <em>text:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-568">19.887</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textdescription"><span id="anchor-638"></span><span
id="anchor-353"></span>&lt;text:description&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> element displays the content
contained in the <em>&lt;dc:description&gt;</em> element of a document.
<a href="#anchor-67">4.3.2.3</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-defined"><span id="anchor-639"></span><span
id="anchor-421"></span>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> element displays the value
contained in a <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> element of a document.
<a href="#anchor-83">4.3.3</a></p>
<p>Note: The link between a <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> element
and a <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> element is established by the
<em>text:name</em> and <em>meta:name</em> attributes, respectively,
containing the same value.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>, <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a> and <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textprint-time"><span id="anchor-640"></span><span
id="anchor-382"></span>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> element represents the time at
which a document was last printed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a> and <em>text:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-568">19.887</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textprint-date"><span id="anchor-641"></span><span
id="anchor-381"></span>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> element displays the value
contained in the <em>&lt;meta:print-date&gt;</em> element of a document.
<a href="#anchor-80">4.3.2.11</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-564">19.799</a> and <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textprinted-by"><span id="anchor-642"></span><span
id="anchor-383"></span>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> element displays the value
contained in the <em>&lt;meta:printed-by&gt;</em> element of a document.
<a href="#anchor-81">4.3.2.8</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="texttitle"><span id="anchor-643"></span><span
id="anchor-417"></span>&lt;text:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> element displays the value contained
in the <em>&lt;dc:title&gt;</em> element of a document. <a
href="#anchor-70">4.3.2.2</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> element has the following attribute:
<em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textsubject"><span id="anchor-644"></span><span
id="anchor-410"></span>&lt;text:subject&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> element displays the values
contained in the <em>&lt;dc:subject&gt;</em> element of a document. <a
href="#anchor-69">4.3.2.4</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textkeywords"><span id="anchor-645"></span><span
id="anchor-364"></span>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> element displays a list of
keywords contained in the <em>&lt;meta:keyword&gt;</em> elements of a
document. </p>
<p>The format of a list of keywords is implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textediting-cycles"><span id="anchor-646"></span><span
id="anchor-355"></span>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element displays the value
contained in the <em>&lt;meta:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element of a
document. <a href="#anchor-74">4.3.2.16</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textediting-duration"><span id="anchor-647"></span><span
id="anchor-356"></span>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> element displays the value
contained in the <em>&lt;meta:editing-duration&gt;</em> element of a
document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:duration</em> <a
href="#anchor-648">19.805</a> and <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textmodification-time"><span id="anchor-649"></span><span
id="anchor-369"></span>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> element represents the
time at which a document was last modified.</p>
<p>This element displays the time information portion of the value of
the <em>&lt;dc:date&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a> and <em>text:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-568">19.887</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h3 id="textmodification-date"><span id="anchor-650"></span><span
id="anchor-368"></span>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em> element displays the
value contained in the <em>&lt;dc:date&gt;</em> element of a document.
<a href="#anchor-66">4.3.2.10</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-564">19.799</a> and <em>text:fixed</em> <a
href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h3 id="textcreator"><span id="anchor-651"></span><span
id="anchor-345"></span>&lt;text:creator&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> element displays the value
contained in the <em>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</em> element of a document. <a
href="#anchor-65">4.3.2.7</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:fixed</em> <a href="#anchor-565">19.809</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="document-statistics-fields"><span id="anchor-652"></span><span
id="Document Statistics Fields"></span>Document Statistics Fields</h3>
<h4 id="general-21"><span id="anchor-653"></span>General</h4>
<p>The contents of <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> elements are locale-specific and
are not defined by OpenDocument. </p>
<h4 id="textpage-count"><span id="anchor-654"></span><span
id="anchor-375"></span>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> element displays the value of
the <em>meta:page-count</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element of a document. <a
href="#anchor-284">19.332</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>
and <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textparagraph-count"><span id="anchor-655"></span><span
id="anchor-379"></span>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em> element displays the value
of the <em>meta:paragraph-count</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element of a document. <a
href="#anchor-285">19.333</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>
and <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textword-count"><span id="anchor-656"></span><span
id="anchor-430"></span>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> element displays the value of
the <em>meta:word-count</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element of a document. <a
href="#anchor-290">19.339</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>
and <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textcharacter-count"><span id="anchor-657"></span><span
id="anchor-341"></span>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> element displays the value
of the <em>meta:character-count</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element of a document. <a
href="#anchor-277">19.322</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>
and <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="texttable-count"><span id="anchor-658"></span><span
id="anchor-412"></span>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> element displays the value of
the <em>meta:table-count</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element of a document. <a
href="#anchor-289">19.337</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>
and <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textimage-count"><span id="anchor-659"></span><span
id="anchor-362"></span>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> element displays the value of
the <em>meta:image-count</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element of a document. <a
href="#anchor-280">19.327</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>
and <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h4 id="textobject-count"><span id="anchor-660"></span><span
id="anchor-373"></span>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> element displays the value of
the <em>meta:object-count</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> element of a document. <a
href="#anchor-282">19.330</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>
and <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textmeta-field"><span id="anchor-661"></span><span
id="anchor-238"></span>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> element represents content from
a metadata source. The mixed content of this element should be generated
from the metadata source. The source of the metadata and the means of
generation of the mixed content is implementation-dependent. The
<em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> element may contain any paragraph
content. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Alterations of the element's mixed content may be lost if the
mixed content is subsequently refreshed from a metadata source.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-325">14.2</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-326">10.9.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-327">10.9.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-328">10.9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-331">8.1.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-333">7.3.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-334">7.3.7.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-338">7.7.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-340">7.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-341">7.5.18.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-343">7.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-344">7.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-345">7.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-352">7.7.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-353">7.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-354">7.4.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-355">7.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-356">7.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-357">7.7.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-359">7.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-360">7.7.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-361">7.7.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-362">7.5.18.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-363">7.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-364">7.5.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:line-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-365">6.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-366">7.7.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-368">7.5.16</a>,
<em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-369">7.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-373">7.5.18.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-374">7.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-375">7.5.18.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-377">7.7.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-378">7.7.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-379">7.5.18.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-380">7.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-381">7.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-382">7.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-383">7.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-385">6.2.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-387">7.7.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-388">6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-389">6.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-391">7.3.6.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-392">7.3.6.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-393">7.3.6.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-394">7.3.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-395">7.3.6.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-396">7.3.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-397">7.3.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-398">7.3.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-399">7.3.6.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-400">7.3.6.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-401">7.3.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-402">7.3.6.14</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-403">7.3.6.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-404">7.3.6.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-405">7.3.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-407">7.7.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-408">7.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-410">7.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-411">6.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-412">7.5.18.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-413">7.7.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-414">7.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-415">7.4.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-417">7.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-418">8.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-419">8.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-422">7.4.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-423">7.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-425">8.1.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-427">7.4.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-430">7.5.18.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="database-fields"><span id="anchor-662"></span>Database
Fields</h2>
<h3 id="general-22"><span id="anchor-663"></span>General</h3>
<p>Documents can reference databases and display database information as
text content. To display database information, the schema uses a group
of text fields, collectively called database fields. Consumers may use
database tables from SQL servers, therefore database fields can be used
to access any SQL database, provided that the appropriate drivers are
available. <a href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a></p>
<p>A database may contain the following components:</p>
<ul>
<li>Tables, which store data.</li>
<li>Queries, which extract a subset of data from one or more
tables.</li>
<li>Forms, which present data. <a href="#anchor-664">12.25.2</a></li>
<li>Reports, which summarize database content. <a
href="#anchor-665">12.25.3</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Database fields operate on a set of database rows, the so called
<em>current selection</em>, which is either a database table, or the
result of a database query. The current selection is determined by the
data source information that is contained in database fields. The
current selection is retrieved once per document and data source,
regardless of the number of database fields that are associated with a
data source.</p>
<p>Database fields display data contained in a particular database row
within the current selection. The row within the current selection is
controlled by database fields and is known as the current row.</p>
<h3 id="formconnection-resource"><span id="anchor-666"></span><span
id="element-form:connection-resource"></span>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> element specifies a
source database.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a> and
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textdatabase-display"><span id="anchor-668"></span><span
id="anchor-346"></span>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> element represents data
from the current database row.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:column-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-669">19.776</a>, <em>text:database-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-670">19.797</a>, <em>text:table-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-671">19.884</a> and <em>text:table-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-672">19.885</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-form:connection-resource">7.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textdatabase-next"><span id="anchor-673"></span><span
id="anchor-348"></span>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> element selects the database
row following the one currently displayed in a
<em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> field.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:condition</em> <a href="#anchor-468">19.782</a>,
<em>text:database-name</em> <a href="#anchor-670">19.797</a>,
<em>text:table-name</em> <a href="#anchor-671">19.884</a> and
<em>text:table-type</em> <a href="#anchor-672">19.885</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-form:connection-resource">7.6.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdatabase-row-select"><span id="anchor-674"></span><span
id="anchor-350"></span>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> element selects a
specific row from a current selection.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:condition</em> <a
href="#anchor-468">19.782</a>, <em>text:database-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-670">19.797</a>, <em>text:row-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-675">19.865</a>, <em>text:table-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-671">19.884</a> and <em>text:table-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-672">19.885</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-form:connection-resource">7.6.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdatabase-row-number"><span id="anchor-676"></span><span
id="anchor-349"></span>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em> element displays the
current row number for a given table. The element displays the row
number from a database and not the row number of a current selection
that is used as an attribute value in the
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>, <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a
href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>, <em>text:database-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-670">19.797</a>, <em>text:table-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-671">19.884</a>, <em>text:table-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-672">19.885</a> and <em>text:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-632">19.906</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-form:connection-resource">7.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h3 id="textdatabase-name"><span id="anchor-677"></span><span
id="anchor-347"></span>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> element displays the database
and table name of the last used table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:database-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-670">19.797</a>, <em>text:table-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-671">19.884</a> and <em>text:table-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-672">19.885</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-form:connection-resource">7.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h2 id="more-fields"><span id="anchor-678"></span>More Fields</h2>
<h3 id="page-variable-fields"><span id="anchor-679"></span>Page Variable
Fields</h3>
<h4 id="general-23"><span id="anchor-680"></span>General</h4>
<p>Page variables enable an alternative page numbering to be defined for
documents. Each page has only one active set page variable field. The
calculation of a page variable is controlled by the <em>text:active</em>
attribute</p>
<h4 id="textpage-variable-set"><span id="anchor-681"></span><span
id="anchor-378"></span>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em> element is used to set a
page variable.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:active</em> <a href="#anchor-682">19.755</a> and
<em>text:page-adjust</em> <a href="#anchor-572">19.851</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h4 id="textpage-variable-get"><span id="anchor-683"></span><span
id="anchor-377"></span>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> element displays the
value of a page variable.</p>
<p>If the <em>text:active</em> attribute <a
href="#anchor-682">19.755</a>, has the value of false, the
<em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> element will have no display for
that page.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>
and <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h3 id="textplaceholder"><span id="anchor-684"></span><span
id="anchor-380"></span>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> element is a placeholder for
replacement by content of a particular type as specified in the
mandatory <em>text:placeholder-type</em> attribute.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers that support the
<em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> element shall use the
<em>text:description</em> attribute value as the placeholder text, and
shall ensure that this text clearly indicates that it is a placeholder
for content of the specified type.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:description</em> <a href="#anchor-615">19.801</a>
and <em>text:placeholder-type</em> <a href="#anchor-685">19.853</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textconditional-text"><span id="anchor-686"></span><span
id="anchor-342"></span>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em> element specifies a
condition for display of one text string or another. If the condition is
true, the <em>text:string-value-if-true</em> <a
href="#anchor-687">19.879</a> attribute value is displayed. If the
condition is false, the <em>text:string-value-if-false</em> <a
href="#anchor-688">19.878</a> attribute value is displayed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:condition</em> <a href="#anchor-468">19.782</a>,
<em>text:current-value</em> <a href="#anchor-689">19.791</a>,
<em>text:string-value-if-false</em> <a href="#anchor-688">19.878</a> and
<em>text:string-value-if-true</em> <a href="#anchor-687">19.879</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="texthidden-text"><span id="anchor-690"></span><span
id="anchor-361"></span>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> element hides the text it
contains when its text:condition attribute evaluates to true. </p>
<p>(more edits pending here)</p>
<p>If its <em>text:condition</em> attribute is missing or evaluates to
false, the text content is displayed. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:condition</em> <a href="#anchor-468">19.782</a>,
<em>text:is-hidden</em> <a href="#anchor-691">19.821</a> and
<em>text:string-value</em> <a href="#anchor-575">19.877</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textreference-ref"><span id="anchor-692"></span><span
id="Reference Fields"></span><span
id="anchor-387"></span>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt; </h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> element represents a field
that references a <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a> or <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a> element. Its
<em>text:reference-format</em> <a href="#anchor-693">19.860</a>
attribute specifies what is displayed according to the context of he
referenced element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:ref-name</em> <a href="#anchor-625">19.859</a> and
<em>text:reference-format</em> <a href="#anchor-693">19.860</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textbookmark-ref"><span id="anchor-694"></span><span
id="anchor-338"></span>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> element represents a field
that references a <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a> or <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a> element. Its
<em>text:reference-format</em> <a href="#anchor-693">19.860</a>
attribute specifies what is displayed according to the context of the
referenced element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:ref-name</em> <a href="#anchor-625">19.859</a> and
<em>text:reference-format</em> <a href="#anchor-693">19.860</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textnote-ref"><span id="anchor-695"></span><span
id="anchor-371"></span>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> element represents a field that
references a <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>
element. Its <em>text:reference-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-693">19.860</a> attribute specifies what is displayed from
the referenced element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:note-class</em> <a href="#anchor-546">19.843</a>,
<em>text:ref-name</em> <a href="#anchor-625">19.859</a> and
<em>text:reference-format</em> <a href="#anchor-693">19.860</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="textsequence-ref"><span id="anchor-696"></span><span
id="anchor-407"></span>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> element represents a field
that references a <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a> element. Its
<em>text:reference-format</em> <a href="#anchor-693">19.860</a>
attribute specifies what is displayed according to the context of the
referenced element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:ref-name</em> <a href="#anchor-625">19.859</a> and
<em>text:reference-format</em> <a href="#anchor-693">19.860</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textscript"><span id="anchor-697"></span><span
id="anchor-390"></span>&lt;text:script&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> element represents a field that
stores scripts or sections of scripts.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> The primary purpose of this field is to provide an equivalent to the
<code>&lt;script&gt;</code> element in <span class="citation"
data-cites="HTML4">[HTML4]</span>, so that the content of a
<code>&lt;script&gt;</code> element in HTML can be imported, edited, and
exported using office application software.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The source code for the script can be stored in one of the following
ways:</p>
<ul>
<li>The <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> element contains the source
code.</li>
<li>The source code is stored in an external file. The
<em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the location of the source
file.</li>
</ul>
<p>The element shall have either an <em>xlink:href</em> attribute or
content, but not both.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>script:language</em> <a href="#anchor-175">19.434</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> element has character data content.
Character data content is only permitted if a <em>xlink:href</em>
attribute is not present.</p>
<h3 id="textexecute-macro"><span id="anchor-698"></span><span
id="anchor-357"></span>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> element represents a field
that contains the name of a macro that is executed when the field is
activated. The element may contain a text description of the macro. The
name of the macro to be executed is specified by the <em>text:name</em>
attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="texthidden-paragraph"><span id="anchor-699"></span><span
id="anchor-360"></span>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> element is a field that
represents a condition. If the condition evaluates to <em>false</em>,
the paragraph where this element appears is displayed unless the
paragraph is enclosed in any other hiding element. If the condition
evaluates to <em>true</em>, the paragraph is hidden unless the paragraph
contains another <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> element whose
condition evaluates to <em>false</em>. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:condition</em> <a href="#anchor-468">19.782</a> and
<em>text:is-hidden</em> <a href="#anchor-691">19.821</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textdde-connection"><span id="anchor-700"></span><span
id="anchor-352"></span>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> element represents a field
that is information from a DDE connection. The content of this field is
the last data that was received from a DDE connection. This is used as
the content of this field if the DDE connection cannot be accessed.</p>
<p>See <a href="#anchor-701">14.7</a> for the use of DDE
connections.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:connection-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-702">19.783</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textmeasure"><span id="anchor-703"></span><span
id="anchor-366"></span>&lt;text:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> element represents a field that
displays measure text. It can only be used within text that is contained
in measure drawing objects.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:kind</em> <a href="#anchor-704">19.831</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-formula-deprecated"><span id="anchor-705"></span><span
id="anchor-413"></span>&lt;text:table-formula&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> element field is deprecated.
It stores a formula to be used in tables.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>text:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-469">19.802</a> and <em>text:formula</em> <a
href="#anchor-612">19.811</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h1 id="text-indexes"><span id="anchor-706"></span><span
id="Text Indices"></span>Text Indexes</h1>
<h2 id="index-marks"><span id="anchor-707"></span>Index Marks</h2>
<h3 id="general-24"><span id="anchor-708"></span>General</h3>
<p> text documents may contain automatically generated indexes. An index
contains a sorted list of items of a specified type, where the sorting
and the type of items are determined by the type of index.</p>
<p>There are three types of index marks that correspond to the three
types of index that make use of index marks. The three types of index
marks are:</p>
<ul>
<li>Table of contents index marks</li>
<li>User-defined index marks</li>
<li>Alphabetical index marks</li>
</ul>
<p>The rules for index marks are:</p>
<ul>
<li>Index marks are represented by start and end elements or by
non-enclosing index point elements.</li>
<li>Start and end index elements use the <em>text:id</em> attribute to
match start and end elements for an index mark.</li>
<li>Start and end index elements shall be contained in the same
paragraph, with the start element occurring first in document
order.</li>
<li>The attributes associated with an index mark are attached to the
start element.</li>
<li>The text between the start and end index elements is the text of the
index entry.</li>
<li>Index marks can overlap.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="texttoc-mark-start"><span id="anchor-709"></span><span
id="anchor-420"></span>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> element marks the start of a
table of contents index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:id</em> <a href="#anchor-318">19.815</a> and
<em>text:outline-level</em> <a href="#anchor-320">19.850</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="texttoc-mark-end"><span id="anchor-710"></span><span
id="anchor-419"></span>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> element marks the end of a
table of contents index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:id</em> <a href="#anchor-318">19.815</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="texttoc-mark"><span id="anchor-711"></span><span
id="anchor-418"></span>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> element represents a table of
content index mark that does not enclose content. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:outline-level</em> <a href="#anchor-320">19.850</a>
and <em>text:string-value</em> <a href="#anchor-575">19.877</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-mark-start"><span id="anchor-712"></span><span
id="anchor-426"></span>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> element marks the
start of a user-defined index entry. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:id</em> <a href="#anchor-318">19.815</a>,
<em>text:index-name</em> <a href="#anchor-713">19.817</a> and
<em>text:outline-level</em> <a href="#anchor-320">19.850</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-mark-end"><span id="anchor-714"></span><span
id="anchor-425"></span>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em> element marks the end
of the user-defined index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-318">19.815</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-mark"><span id="anchor-715"></span><span
id="anchor-424"></span>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> element represents a
user-defined index mark that does not enclose content.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:index-name</em> <a href="#anchor-713">19.817</a>,
<em>text:outline-level</em> <a href="#anchor-320">19.850</a> and
<em>text:string-value</em> <a href="#anchor-575">19.877</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-mark-start"><span
id="anchor-716"></span><span
id="anchor-332"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <span
id="anchor-717"></span><em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em>
element marks the start of an alphabetical index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> element has
the following attributes: <em>text:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-318">19.815</a>, <em>text:key1</em> <a
href="#anchor-718">19.827</a>, <em>text:key1-phonetic</em> <a
href="#anchor-719">19.829</a>, <em>text:key2</em> <a
href="#anchor-720">19.828</a>, <em>text:key2-phonetic</em> <a
href="#anchor-721">19.830</a>, <em>text:main-entry</em> <a
href="#anchor-722">19.837</a> and <em>text:string-value-phonetic</em> <a
href="#anchor-723">19.876</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> element has
no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-mark-end"><span
id="anchor-724"></span><span
id="anchor-331"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> element marks
the end of an alphabetical index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-318">19.815</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-mark"><span id="anchor-725"></span><span
id="anchor-330"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> element represents a
user-defined index mark that does not enclose content.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:key1</em> <a
href="#anchor-718">19.827</a>, <em>text:key1-phonetic</em> <a
href="#anchor-719">19.829</a>, <em>text:key2</em> <a
href="#anchor-720">19.828</a>, <em>text:key2-phonetic</em> <a
href="#anchor-721">19.830</a>, <em>text:main-entry</em> <a
href="#anchor-722">19.837</a>, <em>text:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-575">19.877</a> and <em>text:string-value-phonetic</em> <a
href="#anchor-723">19.876</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<h3 id="textbibliography-mark"><span id="anchor-726"></span><span
id="anchor-335"></span>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> element contains the text
and information for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:address</em> <a href="#anchor-727">19.756</a>,
<em>text:annote</em> <a href="#anchor-728">19.760</a>,
<em>text:author</em> <a href="#anchor-729">19.761</a>,
<em>text:bibliography-type</em> <a href="#anchor-730">19.763</a>,
<em>text:booktitle</em> <a href="#anchor-731">19.764</a>,
<em>text:chapter</em> <a href="#anchor-732">19.772</a>,
<em>text:custom1</em> <a href="#anchor-733">19.792</a>,
<em>text:custom2</em> <a href="#anchor-734">19.793</a>,
<em>text:custom3</em> <a href="#anchor-735">19.794</a>,
<em>text:custom4</em> <a href="#anchor-736">19.795</a>,
<em>text:custom5</em> <a href="#anchor-737">19.796</a>,
<em>text:edition</em> <a href="#anchor-738">19.806</a>,
<em>text:editor</em> <a href="#anchor-739">19.807</a>,
<em>text:howpublished</em> <a href="#anchor-740">19.813</a>,
<em>text:identifier</em> <a href="#anchor-741">19.816</a>,
<em>text:institution</em> <a href="#anchor-742">19.820</a>,
<em>text:isbn</em> <a href="#anchor-743">19.823</a>, <em>text:issn</em>
<a href="#anchor-744">19.824</a>, <em>text:journal</em> <a
href="#anchor-745">19.825</a>, <em>text:month</em> <a
href="#anchor-746">19.840</a>, <em>text:note</em> <a
href="#anchor-747">19.842</a>, <em>text:number</em> <a
href="#anchor-748">19.844</a>, <em>text:organizations</em> <a
href="#anchor-749">19.849</a>, <em>text:pages</em> <a
href="#anchor-750">19.852</a>, <em>text:publisher</em> <a
href="#anchor-751">19.858</a>, <em>text:report-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-752">19.862</a>, <em>text:school</em> <a
href="#anchor-753">19.866</a>, <em>text:series</em> <a
href="#anchor-754">19.868</a>, <em>text:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-755">19.888</a>, <em>text:url</em> <a
href="#anchor-756">19.890</a>, <em>text:volume</em> <a
href="#anchor-757">19.908</a> and <em>text:year</em> <a
href="#anchor-758">19.909</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h2 id="index-structure"><span id="anchor-759"></span>Index
Structure</h2>
<h3 id="general-25"><span id="anchor-760"></span>General</h3>
<p>An index consists of two parts: the index source, and the index body.
</p>
<p>The index source is specific to the type of index it is being used
for. It contains the information necessary to generate the index
content. </p>
<h3 id="textindex-body"><span id="anchor-761"></span><span
id="anchor-311"></span>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> element contains an index.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> element is used for all types of
indexes. It contains the index content generated to form the index.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-title"><span id="anchor-762"></span><span
id="anchor-312"></span>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> element contains the title of
an index. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>,
<em>text:protected</em> <a href="#anchor-471">19.855</a>,
<em>text:protection-key</em> <a href="#anchor-472">19.856</a>,
<em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-473">19.857</a>, <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texttable-of-content"><span id="anchor-763"></span><span
id="anchor-135"></span>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-26"><span id="anchor-764"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> element represents a table
of contents for a document. </p>
<p>The items that can be listed in a table of contents are:</p>
<ul>
<li>Headings (as defined by the outline structure of the document), up
to a selected level.</li>
<li>Table of contents index marks.</li>
<li>Paragraphs formatted with specified paragraph styles.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Paragraphs may be selected for inclusion in a table of contents
based on their styles. Selection is based on a paragraph's style
matching a style specified by the
<em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> child element of a
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> child element of a
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> element, when the
<em>text:use-index-source-styles</em> attribute of the child
<em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> element has the value
true.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>,
<em>text:protected</em> <a href="#anchor-471">19.855</a>,
<em>text:protection-key</em> <a href="#anchor-472">19.856</a>,
<em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-473">19.857</a>, <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-of-content-source"><span id="anchor-766"></span><span
id="anchor-765"></span>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> element specifies
how a table of contents is generated. It also specifies the styles to be
applied to index entries.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:index-scope</em> <a
href="#anchor-767">19.818</a>, <em>text:outline-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-320">19.850</a>, <em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em>
<a href="#anchor-768">19.861</a>, <em>text:use-index-marks</em> <a
href="#anchor-769">19.896</a>, <em>text:use-index-source-styles</em> <a
href="#anchor-770">19.897</a> and <em>text:use-outline-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-771">19.902</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-772">8.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-773">8.12</a> and
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-774">8.3.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-of-content-entry-template"><span
id="anchor-775"></span><span
id="anchor-774"></span>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> element
specifies the format of an index entry for a specified outline level.
</p>
<p>For each <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> element, there
shall not be more than one
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> for a specified
outline level. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element:
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> element has
the following attributes: <em>text:outline-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-320">19.850</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> element has
the following child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-776">8.13.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-777">8.13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-778">8.13.7</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-779">8.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-780">8.13.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-782">8.13.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textillustration-index"><span id="anchor-783"></span><span
id="anchor-125"></span>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-27"><span id="anchor-784"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> element represents an
index of the images and graphics in a current document or chapter. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>, <em>text:protected</em> <a
href="#anchor-471">19.855</a>, <em>text:protection-key</em> <a
href="#anchor-472">19.856</a>,
<em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-473">19.857</a>, <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements:
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textillustration-index-source"><span
id="anchor-786"></span><span
id="anchor-785"></span>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> element specifies
how an index of illustrations is generated.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:caption-sequence-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-787">19.769</a>, <em>text:caption-sequence-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-788">19.770</a>, <em>text:index-scope</em> <a
href="#anchor-767">19.818</a>, <em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em>
<a href="#anchor-768">19.861</a> and <em>text:use-caption</em> <a
href="#anchor-789">19.891</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements:
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-790">8.4.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-773">8.12</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textillustration-index-entry-template"><span
id="anchor-791"></span><span
id="anchor-790"></span>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element
specifies the format of an index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element
is usable within the following element:
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element
has the following attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element
has the following child elements:
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-776">8.13.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-777">8.13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-778">8.13.7</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-779">8.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-780">8.13.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-782">8.13.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texttable-index"><span id="anchor-792"></span><span
id="anchor-134"></span>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-28"><span id="anchor-793"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> element represents an index of
the tables in a document or chapter.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>,
<em>text:protected</em> <a href="#anchor-471">19.855</a>,
<em>text:protection-key</em> <a href="#anchor-472">19.856</a>,
<em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-473">19.857</a>, <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-794">8.5.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-index-source"><span id="anchor-795"></span><span
id="anchor-794"></span>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> element specifies how an
index of tables is generated.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:caption-sequence-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-787">19.769</a>, <em>text:caption-sequence-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-788">19.770</a>, <em>text:index-scope</em> <a
href="#anchor-767">19.818</a>, <em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em>
<a href="#anchor-768">19.861</a> and <em>text:use-caption</em> <a
href="#anchor-789">19.891</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-773">8.12</a> and
<em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-796">8.5.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-index-entry-template"><span
id="anchor-797"></span><span
id="anchor-796"></span>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element
specifies the format of an index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element:
<em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-794">8.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-776">8.13.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-777">8.13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-778">8.13.7</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-779">8.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-780">8.13.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-782">8.13.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textobject-index"><span id="anchor-798"></span><span
id="anchor-128"></span>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-29"><span id="anchor-799"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> element represents an index of
the objects in a document or chapter. The types of objects that should
be included in the index are defined by the
<em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> element. <a
href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>,
<em>text:protected</em> <a href="#anchor-471">19.855</a>,
<em>text:protection-key</em> <a href="#anchor-472">19.856</a>,
<em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-473">19.857</a>, <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textobject-index-source"><span id="anchor-801"></span><span
id="anchor-800"></span>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> element specifies which
object types to include in the index of objects. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:index-scope</em> <a
href="#anchor-767">19.818</a>, <em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em>
<a href="#anchor-768">19.861</a>, <em>text:use-chart-objects</em> <a
href="#anchor-802">19.892</a>, <em>text:use-draw-objects</em> <a
href="#anchor-803">19.893</a>, <em>text:use-math-objects</em> <a
href="#anchor-804">19.899</a>, <em>text:use-other-objects</em> <a
href="#anchor-805">19.901</a> and <em>text:use-spreadsheet-objects</em>
<a href="#anchor-806">19.904</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-773">8.12</a> and
<em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-807">8.6.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textobject-index-entry-template"><span
id="anchor-808"></span><span
id="anchor-807"></span>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element
specifies the format of an index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element:
<em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-776">8.13.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-777">8.13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-778">8.13.7</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-779">8.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-780">8.13.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-782">8.13.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuser-index"><span id="anchor-809"></span><span
id="anchor-138"></span>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-30"><span id="anchor-810"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> element represents a
user-defined index. A user-defined index may include entries from the
following sources:</p>
<ul>
<li>Index marks</li>
<li>Paragraphs formatted using specified paragraph styles</li>
<li>Tables, images, or objects</li>
<li>Text frames</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>,
<em>text:protected</em> <a href="#anchor-471">19.855</a>,
<em>text:protection-key</em> <a href="#anchor-472">19.856</a>,
<em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-473">19.857</a>, <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-source"><span id="anchor-812"></span><span
id="anchor-811"></span>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> element defines the
generation of user-defined indexes. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:copy-outline-levels</em> <a
href="#anchor-813">19.787</a>, <em>text:index-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-713">19.817</a>, <em>text:index-scope</em> <a
href="#anchor-767">19.818</a>, <em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em>
<a href="#anchor-768">19.861</a>, <em>text:use-floating-frames</em> <a
href="#anchor-814">19.894</a>, <em>text:use-graphics</em> <a
href="#anchor-815">19.895</a>, <em>text:use-index-marks</em> <a
href="#anchor-769">19.896</a>, <em>text:use-index-source-styles</em> <a
href="#anchor-770">19.897</a>, <em>text:use-objects</em> <a
href="#anchor-816">19.900</a> and <em>text:use-tables</em> <a
href="#anchor-817">19.905</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-772">8.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-773">8.12</a> and
<em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-818">8.7.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-entry-template"><span
id="anchor-819"></span><span
id="anchor-818"></span>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element contains
entry elements for chapter number, page number, entry text, text spans,
and tab stops.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:outline-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-320">19.850</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-776">8.13.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-777">8.13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-778">8.13.7</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-779">8.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-780">8.13.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-782">8.13.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textalphabetical-index"><span id="anchor-820"></span><span
id="anchor-117"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-31"><span id="anchor-821"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> element represents an
index which is based on alphabetical index marks. The entries in an
alphabetical index are sorted.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Sort orders are locale-specific.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>, <em>text:protected</em> <a
href="#anchor-471">19.855</a>, <em>text:protection-key</em> <a
href="#anchor-472">19.856</a>,
<em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-473">19.857</a>, <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-source"><span
id="anchor-823"></span><span
id="anchor-822"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> element specifies
how an alphabetical index is generated.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:country</em> <a
href="#anchor-824">19.234</a>, <em>fo:language</em> <a
href="#anchor-825">19.236</a>, <em>fo:script</em> <a
href="#anchor-826">19.242</a>, <em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> <a
href="#anchor-827">19.516</a>, <em>text:alphabetical-separators</em> <a
href="#anchor-828">19.757</a>, <em>text:capitalize-entries</em> <a
href="#anchor-829">19.767</a>, <em>text:combine-entries</em> <a
href="#anchor-830">19.777</a>, <em>text:combine-entries-with-dash</em>
<a href="#anchor-831">19.778</a>, <em>text:combine-entries-with-pp</em>
<a href="#anchor-832">19.779</a>, <em>text:comma-separated</em> <a
href="#anchor-833">19.780</a>, <em>text:ignore-case</em> <a
href="#anchor-834">19.819</a>, <em>text:index-scope</em> <a
href="#anchor-767">19.818</a>, <em>text:main-entry-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-835">19.838</a>, <em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em>
<a href="#anchor-768">19.861</a>, <em>text:sort-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-836">19.871</a> and <em>text:use-keys-as-entries</em> <a
href="#anchor-837">19.898</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-838">8.8.4</a> and
<em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-773">8.12</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-auto-mark-file"><span
id="anchor-839"></span><span
id="anchor-118"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> element
specifies an auto mark file. An auto mark file is a file that defines a
list of terms that may be used by consumers to automatically insert
alphabetical index marks (see <a href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>, <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a>).</p>
<p>The format of an index mark file is implementation-defined. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> element
is usable within the following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> element
has the following attributes: <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> element
has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-entry-template"><span
id="anchor-840"></span><span
id="anchor-838"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element
specifies the format of an alphabetical index entry. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element
is usable within the following element:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element
has the following attributes: <em>text:outline-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-320">19.850</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> element
has the following child elements:
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-776">8.13.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-779">8.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-780">8.13.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-782">8.13.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textbibliography"><span id="anchor-841"></span><span
id="anchor-119"></span>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</h2>
<h3 id="general-32"><span id="anchor-842"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> element represents a
bibliography constructed from bibliography index marks.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a>,
<em>text:protected</em> <a href="#anchor-471">19.855</a>,
<em>text:protection-key</em> <a href="#anchor-472">19.856</a>,
<em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-473">19.857</a>, <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-843">8.9.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbibliography-source"><span id="anchor-844"></span><span
id="anchor-843"></span>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</em> element specifies how a
bibliography is generated.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements:
<em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-845">8.9.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-773">8.12</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbibliography-entry-template"><span
id="anchor-846"></span><span
id="anchor-845"></span>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> element
specifies the formatting for a bibliographic entry. </p>
<p>There shall be no more than one
<em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> element for each type
of entry within any <em>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</em> element.
<a href="#anchor-843">8.9.2</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element:
<em>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-843">8.9.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:bibliography-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-730">19.763</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-847">8.13.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-780">8.13.4</a> and
<em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textindex-source-styles"><span id="anchor-848"></span><span
id="anchor-772"></span>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> element contains all of
the <em>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</em> elements for a specified
outline level. There can only be one
<em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> element for each outline
level.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:outline-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-320">19.850</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-849">8.11</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textindex-source-style"><span id="anchor-850"></span><span
id="anchor-849"></span>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</em> element specifies the
name of a style or a class. Paragraphs formatted using that style or
class are included in the index.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-772">8.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="textindex-title-template"><span id="anchor-851"></span><span
id="anchor-773"></span>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> element specifies the
style and content of the index title. There can only be one
<em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> element contained in a
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-843">8.9.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-794">8.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h2 id="index-template-entries"><span id="anchor-852"></span><span
id="Index Template Entries"></span>Index Template Entries</h2>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-chapter"><span id="anchor-853"></span><span
id="anchor-776"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> element represents the
chapter number where an index entry is located. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-838">8.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-790">8.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-807">8.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-796">8.5.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-774">8.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-818">8.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-469">19.802</a>, <em>text:outline-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-320">19.850</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-text"><span id="anchor-854"></span><span
id="anchor-782"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em> element contains the text
of an index entry. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-838">8.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-790">8.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-807">8.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-796">8.5.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-774">8.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-818">8.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-page-number"><span id="anchor-855"></span><span
id="anchor-779"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> element represents
the number of the chapter where an index entry is located. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-838">8.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-790">8.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-807">8.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-796">8.5.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-774">8.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-818">8.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-span"><span id="anchor-856"></span><span
id="anchor-780"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> element represents a fixed
string within an index entry. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-838">8.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-845">8.9.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-790">8.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-807">8.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-796">8.5.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-774">8.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-818">8.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-bibliography"><span id="anchor-857"></span><span
id="anchor-847"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</em> element specifies
the field of a bibliographic entry that will be displayed in an
index.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element:
<em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-845">8.9.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:bibliography-data-field</em> <a
href="#anchor-858">19.762</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-tab-stop"><span id="anchor-859"></span><span
id="anchor-781"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> element represents a
tab stop within an index entry. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-838">8.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-845">8.9.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-790">8.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-807">8.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-796">8.5.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-774">8.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-818">8.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>style:leader-char</em> <a
href="#anchor-860">19.487</a>, <em>style:position</em> <a
href="#anchor-861">19.512</a>, <em>style:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-862">19.519</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-link-start"><span id="anchor-863"></span><span
id="anchor-778"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</em> element represents
the start of a hyperlink index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-790">8.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-807">8.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-796">8.5.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-774">8.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-818">8.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-link-end"><span id="anchor-864"></span><span
id="anchor-777"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</em> element represents the
end of a hyperlink index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-790">8.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-807">8.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-796">8.5.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-774">8.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-818">8.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h1 id="tables"><span id="anchor-865"></span><span
id="Table Content"></span>Tables</h1>
<h2 id="basic-tables"><span id="anchor-866"></span>Basic Tables</h2>
<h3 id="general-33"><span id="anchor-867"></span>General</h3>
<p>The representation of tables is based on the concept of grids of rows
and columns. In markup, rows are partitioned into table cells. Columns
are implied by taking together all cells with the same position within
the rows. </p>
<p>Rows and columns appear in <em>row groups</em> and <em>column
groups</em>. These groups specify whether to repeat a row or column on
the next page.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: There is only one model for tables, although tables, such as
for spreadsheets, may have additional capabilities when compared to
tables in text documents.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Tables may be nested; that is, tables may occur within tables.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable"><span id="anchor-868"></span><span
id="anchor-116"></span>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> element is the root element for a
table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-869">14.7.4</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:is-sub-table</em> <a
href="#anchor-870">19.659</a>, <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>, <em>table:print</em> <a
href="#anchor-872">19.697</a>, <em>table:print-ranges</em> <a
href="#anchor-873">19.698</a>, <em>table:protected</em> <a
href="#anchor-874">19.700</a>, <em>table:protection-key</em> <a
href="#anchor-148">19.701</a>,
<em>table:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-149">19.702</a>, <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>, <em>table:template-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-876">19.737</a>, <em>table:use-banding-columns-styles</em>
<a href="#anchor-877">19.741</a>, <em>table:use-banding-rows-styles</em>
<a href="#anchor-878">19.742</a>, <em>table:use-first-column-styles</em>
<a href="#anchor-879">19.743</a>, <em>table:use-first-row-styles</em> <a
href="#anchor-880">19.744</a>, <em>table:use-last-column-styles</em> <a
href="#anchor-881">19.745</a>, <em>table:use-last-row-styles</em> <a
href="#anchor-882">19.746</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-474">14.7.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-107">13.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-883">9.1.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-115">9.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-887">9.1.10</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-888">9.1.12</a>,
<em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-889">9.1.11</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-503">9.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-505">9.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;table:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-892">9.1.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-row"><span id="anchor-893"></span><span
id="anchor-890"></span>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> element represents a row in a
table. It contains elements that specify the cells of the table row.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-503">9.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-505">9.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-894">19.619</a>, <em>table:number-rows-repeated</em> <a
href="#anchor-895">19.681</a>, <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>, <em>table:visibility</em> <a
href="#anchor-896">19.754</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-cell"><span id="anchor-897"></span><span
id="anchor-309"></span>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> element represents a table
cell. It is contained in a table row element. A table cell can contain
paragraphs and other text content as well as nested tables. Table cells
may span multiple columns and rows. Table cells may be empty.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:currency</em> <a
href="#anchor-607">19.373</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>, <em>office:value-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>, <em>table:content-validation-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-898">19.605</a>, <em>table:formula</em> <a
href="#anchor-899">19.646</a>, <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> <a
href="#anchor-900">19.679</a>, <em>table:number-columns-spanned</em> <a
href="#anchor-901">19.680</a>,
<em>table:number-matrix-columns-spanned</em> <a
href="#anchor-902">19.683</a>, <em>table:number-matrix-rows-spanned</em>
<a href="#anchor-903">19.684</a>, <em>table:number-rows-spanned</em> <a
href="#anchor-904">19.682</a>, <em>table:protect</em> <a
href="#anchor-905">19.699</a>, <em>table:protected</em> <a
href="#anchor-874">19.700</a>, <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>, <em>xhtml:about</em> <a
href="#anchor-225">19.911</a>, <em>xhtml:content</em> <a
href="#anchor-227">19.912</a>, <em>xhtml:datatype</em> <a
href="#anchor-228">19.913</a>, <em>xhtml:property</em> <a
href="#anchor-226">19.914</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>,
<em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:detective&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-907">9.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablecovered-table-cell"><span id="anchor-908"></span><span
id="anchor-308"></span>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> element represents
cells that are covered by a <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a> element that spans multiple columns or
rows. The <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> elements occupy the
same position in document order as the cells spanned. There is one
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> element for each cell that is
spanned. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> is often used by
spreadsheet applications, where covered cells contain content.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:currency</em> <a
href="#anchor-607">19.373</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>, <em>office:value-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>, <em>table:content-validation-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-898">19.605</a>, <em>table:formula</em> <a
href="#anchor-899">19.646</a>, <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> <a
href="#anchor-900">19.679</a>, <em>table:protect</em> <a
href="#anchor-905">19.699</a>, <em>table:protected</em> <a
href="#anchor-874">19.700</a>, <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>, <em>xhtml:about</em> <a
href="#anchor-225">19.911</a>, <em>xhtml:content</em> <a
href="#anchor-227">19.912</a>, <em>xhtml:datatype</em> <a
href="#anchor-228">19.913</a>, <em>xhtml:property</em> <a
href="#anchor-226">19.914</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:detective&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-907">9.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-column"><span id="anchor-909"></span><span
id="anchor-886"></span>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> element specifies properties
for one or more adjacent columns in a table. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-887">9.1.10</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-888">9.1.12</a> and
<em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-889">9.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-894">19.619</a>, <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> <a
href="#anchor-900">19.679</a>, <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>, <em>table:visibility</em> <a
href="#anchor-896">19.754</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-header-rows"><span id="anchor-910"></span><span
id="anchor-503"></span>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em> element represents
header rows in a table. It is composed of adjacent
<em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>
elements. </p>
<p>Note: Use of the <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em> element
increases accessibility. The use of styles to designate row headers
diminishes accessibility. </p>
<p>If a table does not fit on a single page, table rows that are
included in a <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em> element are
automatically repeated on every page. </p>
<p>A table shall not contain more than one
<em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em> element, except that the table
contains grouped rows defined by one or more
<em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a>
elements. In this case, the table and each distinct group may contain
one <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em> element, if and only if the
table rows contained in the <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em>
elements are adjacent.</p>
<p>Consumers that do not support header rows shall process header rows
as non-header rows.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-rows"><span id="anchor-911"></span><span
id="anchor-505"></span>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</em> element specifies a sequence of
one or more <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a> elements with optional
<em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>
elements. The interpretation of the sequence is the same as if the
<em>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</em> start and end tags were not
present.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-row-group"><span id="anchor-912"></span><span
id="anchor-504"></span>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em> element groups adjacent
table rows. Every row group can contain header rows, and nested row
groups. A row group can be visible or hidden. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:display</em> <a href="#anchor-913">19.621</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;table:table-header-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-503">9.1.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-505">9.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-column-group"><span id="anchor-914"></span><span
id="anchor-887"></span>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> element groups adjacent
table columns. Every column group can contain columns, header columns
and nested column groups. A column group can be visible or hidden. </p>
<p>If a set of header columns and a column group overlap, the header
column group breaks the column header set. That is, the
<em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> may contain
<em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> elements, but not vice
versa.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a> and
<em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-887">9.1.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>table:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-913">19.621</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-887">9.1.10</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-888">9.1.12</a>,
<em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-889">9.1.11</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-header-columns"><span id="anchor-915"></span><span
id="anchor-889"></span>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> element represents
column headers in a table. It is composed of adjacent
<em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a>
elements.</p>
<p>Note: Use of the <em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> element
increases accessibility The use of styles to designate header columns
diminishes accessibility.</p>
<p>If a table does not fit on a single page, table columns that are
included in a <em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> element are
automatically repeated on every page. </p>
<p>A table shall not contain more than one
<em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> element, except that the
table contains grouped rows defined by one or more
<em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-887">9.1.10</a> elements. In this case, the table and each
distinct group may contain one
<em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> element, if and only if the
table columns contained in the
<em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> elements are adjacent. </p>
<p>Consumers that do not support header columns shall process header
column as non-header columns.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a> and
<em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-887">9.1.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-header-columns&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-columns"><span id="anchor-916"></span><span
id="anchor-888"></span>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</em> element specifies a sequence
of one or more <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a> elements. The interpretation of the
sequence is the same as if the <em>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</em>
start and end tags were not present.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a> and
<em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-887">9.1.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletitle"><span id="anchor-917"></span><span
id="anchor-892"></span>&lt;table:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:title&gt;</em> element specifies a title for a
table. The element shall not be used if the parent
<em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a> element is
contained within a <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a> element. In that case, the table's title is
specified the by <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a> child element of
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:title&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:title&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:title&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:title&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="tabledesc"><span id="anchor-919"></span><span
id="anchor-883"></span>&lt;table:desc&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:desc&gt;</em> element specifies a prose description
of a table that may be used to support accessibility. See appendix <a
href="#anchor-920"></a><a href="#anchor-920"></a> The element shall not
be used if the parent <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> element is contained
within a <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt; <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a></em>
element. In that case, the table's description is specified the by
<em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a> child
element of <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:desc&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:desc&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:desc&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:desc&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h2 id="advanced-tables"><span id="anchor-922"></span>Advanced
Tables</h2>
<h3 id="referencing-table-cells"><span id="anchor-923"></span><span
id="Referencing Table Cells"></span>Referencing Table Cells</h3>
<p>To reference cells in a table, cell addresses are used. Cell
addresses are constructed as follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>The name of the table.</li>
<li>A dot “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</li>
<li>An alphabetic value representing the column. The letter A represents
column 1, B represents column 2, and so on. AA represents column 27, AB
represents column 28, and so on.</li>
<li>A numeric value representing the row. The number 1 represents the
first row, the number 2 represents the second row, and so on.</li>
</ol>
<p>This means that A1 represents the cell in column 1 and row 1. B1
represents the cell in column 2 and row 1. A2 represents the cell in
column 1 and row 2.</p>
<p>The structure of the address of a cell in a subtable is as
follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>The address of the cell that contains the subtable.</li>
<li>A dot “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</li>
<li>The address of the cell in the subtable.</li>
</ol>
<p>If the name of the table contains blanks, dots “.” (U+002E, FULL
STOP) or apostrophes “'” (U+0027, APOSTROPHE), the name shall be quoted
with apostrophes “'” (U+0027, APOSTROPHE). Any apostrophes in the name
shall be escaped by doubling the”'”( U+0027, APOSTROPHE) character.</p>
<p>The behavior of a consumer when a cell is referenced but not declared
is implementation-dependent. <span id="anchor-924"></span></p>
<h3 id="absolute-and-relative-cell-addressing"><span
id="anchor-925"></span><span id="Cell address"></span>Absolute and
relative cell addressing</h3>
<p>Cells can be referenced by using either absolute addresses or
relative addresses. When an operation is performed on a table cell,
absolute cell references do not change. Relative cell references are
adapted to the address of the target cell of a copy operation.</p>
<p>To create an absolute address, a dollar sign “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR
SIGN) shall be placed before each table name, column reference, and row
reference. Absolute and relative references may be mixed within a single
cell address. Absolute addresses shall contain a table name. </p>
<p>When differentiation between absolute and relative addresses is not
necessary, the dollar signs in absolute addresses may be omitted.</p>
<h3 id="cell-range-address"><span id="anchor-926"></span><span
id="CellRangeAddress"></span>Cell Range Address</h3>
<p>A cell range is a number of adjacent cells forming a rectangular
shape. The rectangle stretches from the cell on the logical top left to
the cell on the logical bottom right. </p>
<p>A cell range address references a cell range. A cell range address
consists of:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>The address of the cell at the top left of the range.</li>
<li>A colon “:” (U+003A, COLON).</li>
<li>The address of the cell at the bottom right of the range.</li>
</ol>
<p>The smallest range is a single cell. The range address of a single
cell is the same as the cell address.</p>
<h3 id="column-and-row-range-addresses"><span
id="anchor-927"></span>Column and Row Range Addresses</h3>
<p>Column and row addresses are cell range addresses that reference
entire rows or columns. </p>
<p>The syntax of a row address is the same as a cell address, except the
alphabetic values that indicate the column are omitted. </p>
<p>The syntax of a column address is the same as a cell address, except
the numeric values that indicate the row are omitted.</p>
<h3 id="cell-range-address-list"><span id="anchor-928"></span><span
id="CellRangeAddressList"></span>Cell Range Address List</h3>
<p>A cell range address list is a list of cell range addresses and cell
addresses. Each item in the list is separated by white space. If any
table name used in the list contains a “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character,
the table name is quoted within apostrophes “'” ( U+0027,
APOSTROPHE).</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-source"><span id="anchor-929"></span><span
id="anchor-891"></span>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> element represents a link to
a table that provides a source for a table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:filter-name</em> <a href="#anchor-930">19.642</a>,
<em>table:filter-options</em> <a href="#anchor-931">19.643</a>,
<em>table:mode</em> <a href="#anchor-932">19.675</a>,
<em>table:refresh-delay</em> <a href="#anchor-933">19.705</a>,
<em>table:table-name</em> <a href="#anchor-934">19.734</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablescenario"><span id="anchor-935"></span><span
id="anchor-884"></span>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> element defines a scenario for
display on a table. A table represented by a <em>&lt;table:table&gt; <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a></em> element which contains a
<em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> child element is called a scenario
table. </p>
<p>A scenario is one or more cell ranges of a table whose contents
replaces the contents of the cell ranges in the nearest non-scenario
table preceding the scenario table in document order. If multiple
scenarios are defined for a cell range, a user may choose between the
scenarios. The names of the scenarios are the same as the names of
tables which contain the <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> elements. </p>
<p>Display of the border of a scenario table is controlled by its
<em>table:display-border</em> attribute. <a
href="#anchor-936">19.622</a> </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Display of the border of a scenario is the only visible
indication that the displayed data is the result of the application of a
scenario to the data in the table.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Only one scenario table can be applied to a range at one time.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: A table can have multiple scenarios applied to it so long as
the ranges of application do not overlap.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:border-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-937">19.592</a>, <em>table:comment</em> <a
href="#anchor-938">19.599</a>, <em>table:copy-back</em> <a
href="#anchor-939">19.606</a>, <em>table:copy-formulas</em> <a
href="#anchor-940">19.607</a>, <em>table:copy-styles</em> <a
href="#anchor-941">19.608</a>, <em>table:display-border</em> <a
href="#anchor-936">19.622</a>, <em>table:is-active</em> <a
href="#anchor-942">19.656</a>, <em>table:protected</em> <a
href="#anchor-874">19.700</a> and <em>table:scenario-ranges</em> <a
href="#anchor-943">19.709</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tableshapes"><span id="anchor-944"></span><span
id="anchor-885"></span>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> element contains all the elements
that represent graphic shapes that are anchored on a table where this
element occurs.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="advanced-table-cells"><span id="anchor-945"></span>Advanced
Table Cells</h2>
<h3 id="tablecell-range-source"><span id="anchor-946"></span><span
id="anchor-906"></span>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> element represents a
database range or named range of another file in a cell range. The first
cell in the cell range contains this element. A cell range can be linked
to a database range or named range of another file.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:filter-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-930">19.642</a>, <em>table:filter-options</em> <a
href="#anchor-931">19.643</a>, <em>table:last-column-spanned</em> <a
href="#anchor-947">19.662</a>, <em>table:last-row-spanned</em> <a
href="#anchor-948">19.664</a>, <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>, <em>table:refresh-delay</em> <a
href="#anchor-933">19.705</a>, <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a
href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledetective"><span id="anchor-949"></span><span
id="anchor-907"></span>&lt;table:detective&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:detective&gt;</em> element is a container for
<em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-950">9.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-951">9.3.4</a>
elements, providing information about what relationships between the
current cell and other cells are revealed in the presentation of the
table. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:detective&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:detective&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:detective&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-951">9.3.4</a> and <em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-950">9.3.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tableoperation"><span id="anchor-952"></span><span
id="anchor-950"></span>&lt;table:operation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> element specifies the name of a
detective operation that leads to the discovery of relationships between
cells (<em>table:name</em>, <a href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>) and the
order in which those operations are applied (<em>table:index</em>, <a
href="#anchor-953">19.655</a>). Once relationships between cells have
been discovered, those cells are highlighted to show those
relationships.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: A single cell may be the subject of one or more detective
operations.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:detective&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-907">9.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:index</em> <a href="#anchor-953">19.655</a> and
<em>table:name</em> <a href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablehighlighted-range"><span id="anchor-954"></span><span
id="anchor-951"></span>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</em> element specifies a cell
range that is highlighted in the UI either because of detective
operations defined by a <em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-950">9.3.3</a> element or because it contains an error or
invalid data.</p>
<p>The nature of the highlighting is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>This element represents the state of the document at the time the
detective operations or error conditions were calculated. It need not
accurately represent the current state of the document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:detective&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-907">9.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-955">19.597</a>, <em>table:contains-error</em> <a
href="#anchor-956">19.603</a>, <em>table:direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-957">19.620</a> and <em>table:marked-invalid</em> <a
href="#anchor-958">19.668</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="spreadsheet-document-content"><span id="anchor-959"></span><span
id="Columns (new ref)"></span>Spreadsheet Document Content</h2>
<h3 id="tablecalculation-settings"><span id="anchor-960"></span><span
id="anchor-108"></span>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> element is a
container for settings that affect the calculation of formulae.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:automatic-find-labels</em> <a
href="#anchor-961">19.589</a>, <em>table:case-sensitive</em> <a
href="#anchor-962">19.594</a>, <em>table:null-year</em> <a
href="#anchor-963">19.678</a>, <em>table:precision-as-shown</em> <a
href="#anchor-964">19.696</a>,
<em>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-965">19.711</a>, <em>table:use-regular-expressions</em> <a
href="#anchor-966">19.748</a> and <em>table:use-wildcards</em> <a
href="#anchor-967">19.749</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-968">9.4.3</a> and <em>&lt;table:null-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-969">9.4.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablenull-date"><span id="anchor-970"></span><span
id="anchor-969"></span>&lt;table:null-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:null-date&gt;</em> element specifies the null date
for a spreadsheet document. The null date is the date that results in
the value “0” if a date value is converted into a numeric value. The
null date is specified in the element's <em>table:date-value</em>
attribute. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Commonly used values are 1899-12-30, 1900-01-01, and
1904-01-01.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:null-date&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:null-date&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:date-value</em> <a href="#anchor-971">19.618</a>
and <em>table:value-type</em> <a href="#anchor-972">19.753</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:null-date&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tableiteration"><span id="anchor-973"></span><span
id="anchor-968"></span>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</em> element enables formulas with
iterative (or cyclic) references to be calculated after a specific
number of iterations. If iterative calculations are not enabled, a
formula expression containing a cyclic cell reference returns an error.
</p>
<p>If the <em>table:status</em> attribute has the value enable and
iterating through the cyclic dependencies does not deliver a result that
satisfies the condition specified by the
<em>table:maximum-difference</em> attribute within a number of
iterations specified by the <em>table:steps</em> attribute for all cells
in the cyclic dependencies, an error is returned. </p>
<p> </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:maximum-difference</em> <a
href="#anchor-974">19.670</a>, <em>table:status</em> <a
href="#anchor-975">19.726</a> and <em>table:steps</em> <a
href="#anchor-976">19.728</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablecontent-validations"><span id="anchor-977"></span><span
id="anchor-110"></span>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</em> element contains all
the validation rules for the content of table cells.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablecontent-validation"><span id="anchor-979"></span><span
id="anchor-978"></span>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> element specifies a
validation rule for table cell content. </p>
<p>The name of a validation rule is stored in the <em>table:name</em>
attribute of a <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:content-validations&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-110">9.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:allow-empty-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-980">19.587</a>, <em>table:base-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-981">19.590</a>, <em>table:condition</em> <a
href="#anchor-982">19.600</a>, <em>table:display-list</em> <a
href="#anchor-983">19.625</a> and <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;table:error-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-984">9.4.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-444">9.4.7</a> and <em>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-445">9.4.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablehelp-message"><span id="anchor-985"></span><span
id="anchor-445"></span>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</em> element specifies a message
to display if a user selects a cell.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:display</em> <a href="#anchor-913">19.621</a> and
<em>table:title</em> <a href="#anchor-986">19.738</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tableerror-message"><span id="anchor-987"></span><span
id="anchor-444"></span>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</em> element specifies a message
to display when the <em>table:condition</em> <a
href="#anchor-982">19.600</a> attribute value on the parent
<em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> element evaluates to
false."</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:display</em> <a href="#anchor-913">19.621</a>,
<em>table:message-type</em> <a href="#anchor-988">19.674</a> and
<em>table:title</em> <a href="#anchor-986">19.738</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tableerror-macro"><span id="anchor-989"></span><span
id="anchor-984"></span>&lt;table:error-macro&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:error-macro&gt;</em> element specifies if a macro
should be executed upon an attempt to enter invalid content. </p>
<p>A macro is specified by an <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
element. <a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a> The event name shall be one
that specifies an event that is called on invalid user input.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:error-macro&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:error-macro&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:execute</em> <a href="#anchor-990">19.638</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:error-macro&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablelabel-range"><span id="anchor-991"></span><span
id="element-table:label-range"></span>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</em> element specifies a label cell
range which contains labels, and a data cell range which specifies the
rows or columns whose content is referenced by the labels. </p>
<p>There are two types of label ranges: </p>
<ul>
<li>Label ranges for columns.</li>
<li>Label ranges for rows.</li>
</ul>
<p>Data and label ranges should match in both height and vertical
position for row orientation, or in both width and horizontal position
for column orientation. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-114">9.4.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:data-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-992">19.612</a>, <em>table:label-cell-range-address</em>
<a href="#anchor-993">19.660</a> and <em>table:orientation</em> <a
href="#anchor-994">19.690</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablelabel-ranges"><span id="anchor-995"></span><span
id="anchor-114"></span>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</em> element contains all the
<em>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</em> elements in a document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:label-ranges&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-table:label-range">9.4.9</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablenamed-expressions"><span id="anchor-996"></span><span
id="anchor-115"></span>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em> element contains
assignments of names to expressions.</p>
<p>The following expressions may have names:</p>
<ul>
<li>Cell ranges.</li>
<li>Other expressions.</li>
</ul>
<p>If the <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em> element is used with
a <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> element, the scope of the named
expressions are local to that table element. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a> and <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-997">9.4.13</a> and <em>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-998">9.4.12</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablenamed-range"><span id="anchor-999"></span><span
id="anchor-998"></span>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</em> element specifies a cell range
that has a name assigned. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-115">9.4.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:base-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-981">19.590</a>, <em>table:cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-955">19.597</a>, <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a> and <em>table:range-usable-as</em> <a
href="#anchor-1000">19.704</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablenamed-expression"><span id="anchor-1001"></span><span
id="anchor-997"></span>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</em> element represents an
expression with a name.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:named-expressions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-115">9.4.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:base-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-981">19.590</a>, <em>table:expression</em> <a
href="#anchor-1002">19.639</a> and <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledatabase-ranges"><span id="anchor-1003"></span><span
id="anchor-112"></span>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</em> element contains all the
<em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> elements in a document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledatabase-range"><span id="anchor-1005"></span><span
id="anchor-1004"></span>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> element defines a single
database range. A database range is a named area in a table upon which
database operations are performed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:database-ranges&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-112">9.4.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:contains-header</em> <a
href="#anchor-1006">19.604</a>, <em>table:display-filter-buttons</em> <a
href="#anchor-1007">19.624</a>, <em>table:has-persistent-data</em> <a
href="#anchor-1008">19.651</a>, <em>table:is-selection</em> <a
href="#anchor-1009">19.658</a>, <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>, <em>table:on-update-keep-size</em> <a
href="#anchor-1010">19.686</a>, <em>table:on-update-keep-styles</em> <a
href="#anchor-1011">19.687</a>, <em>table:orientation</em> <a
href="#anchor-994">19.690</a>, <em>table:refresh-delay</em> <a
href="#anchor-933">19.705</a> and <em>table:target-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1012">19.736</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1013">9.4.18</a>,
<em>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1014">9.4.16</a>,
<em>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1015">9.4.17</a>, <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1016">9.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a> and <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1018">9.4.21</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledatabase-source-sql"><span id="anchor-1019"></span><span
id="anchor-1014"></span>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</em> element specifies an
<a href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a> database that contains the source data for
a database range.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a> and
<em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:database-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1021">19.613</a>, <em>table:parse-sql-statement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1022">19.693</a> and <em>table:sql-statement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1023">19.720</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledatabase-source-table"><span id="anchor-1024"></span><span
id="anchor-1015"></span>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</em> element specifies
the database and table that acts as the source data for a database
range.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a> and
<em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:database-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1021">19.613</a> and <em>table:database-table-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1025">19.614</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledatabase-source-query"><span id="anchor-1026"></span><span
id="anchor-1013"></span>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</em> element specifies
the query that produces the source data for a database range.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a> and
<em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:database-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1021">19.613</a> and <em>table:query-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1027">19.703</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablesort"><span id="anchor-1028"></span><span
id="anchor-1017"></span>&lt;table:sort&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> element <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em>
specifies the sort keys to be applied to a database range.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>table:algorithm</em> <a href="#anchor-1029">19.585</a>,
<em>table:bind-styles-to-content</em> <a href="#anchor-1030">19.591</a>,
<em>table:case-sensitive</em> <a href="#anchor-962">19.594</a>,
<em>table:country</em> <a href="#anchor-1031">19.610</a>,
<em>table:embedded-number-behavior</em> <a
href="#anchor-1032">19.628</a>, <em>table:language</em> <a
href="#anchor-1033">19.661</a>, <em>table:rfc-language-tag</em> <a
href="#anchor-1034">19.707</a>, <em>table:script</em> <a
href="#anchor-1035">19.710</a> and <em>table:target-range-address</em>
<a href="#anchor-1012">19.736</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1036">9.4.20</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablesort-by"><span id="anchor-1037"></span><span
id="anchor-1036"></span>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</em> element specifies a key or field
to sort, the data type of this field, and how to sort it for a database
range.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:data-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1038">19.615</a>,
<em>table:field-number</em> <a href="#anchor-1039">19.641</a> and
<em>table:order</em> <a href="#anchor-1040">19.689</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablesubtotal-rules"><span id="anchor-1041"></span><span
id="anchor-1018"></span>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em> element is a container for
<em>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</em> elements which specify the
calculation of provisional results (called subtotals) for a database
range. Cells of the same field form a group. A provisional result is
calculated and display at the end of each group. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:bind-styles-to-content</em> <a
href="#anchor-1030">19.591</a>, <em>table:case-sensitive</em> <a
href="#anchor-962">19.594</a> and
<em>table:page-breaks-on-group-change</em> <a
href="#anchor-1042">19.691</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1043">9.4.22</a> and <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1044">9.4.23</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablesort-groups"><span id="anchor-1045"></span><span
id="anchor-1043"></span>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</em> element specifies a sort order
for columns or rows of a table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1018">9.4.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:data-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1038">19.615</a>
and <em>table:order</em> <a href="#anchor-1040">19.689</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablesubtotal-rule"><span id="anchor-1046"></span><span
id="anchor-1044"></span>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</em> element specifies the
calculation of subtotals for columns or rows of a table. As the
container element for <em>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</em>, the
calculation specified by this element may use provisional results in its
calculation. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1018">9.4.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:group-by-field-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1047">19.649</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1048">9.4.24</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablesubtotal-field"><span id="anchor-1049"></span><span
id="anchor-1048"></span>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</em> element specifies the field
number and the function that is applied to the content of that field to
calculate a provisional result.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1044">9.4.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:field-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1039">19.641</a> and <em>table:function</em> <a
href="#anchor-1050">19.647</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="filters"><span id="anchor-1051"></span><span
id="Database Ranges"></span>Filters</h2>
<h3 id="general-34"><span id="anchor-1052"></span>General</h3>
<p>Filter elements specify conditions that, if not met, render portions
of a table invisible. </p>
<h3 id="tablefilter"><span id="anchor-1053"></span><span
id="anchor-1016"></span>&lt;table:filter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> element is a container for elements
that specify filters for data contained in database ranges or data pilot
tables. The filters are applied to all rows in the database range or the
data pilot table. Rows where one or more filter conditions do not
evaluate to true are made invisible.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a> and
<em>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1054">9.6.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:condition-source</em> <a
href="#anchor-1055">19.601</a>,
<em>table:condition-source-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1056">19.602</a>, <em>table:display-duplicates</em> <a
href="#anchor-1057">19.623</a> and <em>table:target-range-address</em>
<a href="#anchor-1012">19.736</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1058">9.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a> and <em>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1060">9.5.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablefilter-and"><span id="anchor-1061"></span><span
id="anchor-1058"></span>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</em> element specifies that the
logical operator AND is applied to conditions specified by the child
elements of this element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1016">9.5.2</a> and <em>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1060">9.5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a> and <em>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1060">9.5.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablefilter-or"><span id="anchor-1062"></span><span
id="anchor-1060"></span>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</em> element specifies that the
logical operator OR is applied to conditions specified by the child
elements of this element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1016">9.5.2</a> and <em>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1058">9.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1058">9.5.3</a> and
<em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablefilter-condition"><span id="anchor-1063"></span><span
id="anchor-1059"></span>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> element specifies a
single condition to apply in a filter operation.</p>
<p>The filter condition is either specified</p>
<ul>
<li>by the <em>table:operator</em> <a href="#anchor-1064">19.688</a>,
<em>table:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1065">19.752</a> and
<em>table:data-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1038">19.615</a> attributes
or</li>
<li>a set of <em>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1066">9.5.6</a> child elements as a set of values. </li>
</ul>
<p>If one or more of <em>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</em> elements are
present as children of the <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em>
element, the <em>table:operator</em>, <em>table:value</em> and
<em>table:data-type</em> attributes are ignored.</p>
<p><strong></strong> To improve backward compatibility with 1.1
documents, if <em>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</em> elements are
included, set:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>table:operator</em>: "="; </li>
<li><em>table:value</em>: value of the first
<em>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</em> child element; </li>
<li><em>table:data-type</em>: "text".</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1016">9.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:filter-and&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1058">9.5.3</a> and <em>&lt;table:filter-or&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1060">9.5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:case-sensitive</em> <a
href="#anchor-962">19.594</a>, <em>table:data-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1038">19.615</a>, <em>table:field-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1039">19.641</a>, <em>table:operator</em> <a
href="#anchor-1064">19.688</a> and <em>table:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1065">19.752</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1066">9.5.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablefilter-set-item"><span id="anchor-1067"></span><span
id="anchor-1066"></span>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</em> element specifies a single
value used in a filter condition where the <em>table:operator</em>
attribute is set to "=", and the <em>table:data-type</em> attribute to
text. The filter sub-condition in which the element is included
evaluates to true for a specified cell, if, and only if, the value of
the cell is equal to one of the values in the set specified by be
<em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1065">19.752</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="data-pilot-tables"><span id="anchor-1068"></span>Data Pilot
Tables</h2>
<h3 id="general-35"><span id="anchor-1069"></span>General</h3>
<p>Data pilot tables enable users to rearrange data from data sources so
as to create new relationships between data elements or to view data
from a variety of perspectives. This is in contrast to scenario tables
<a href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>, where the data elements remain fixed
but the values and operations on them are varied to illustrate different
outcomes.</p>
<p>The behavior of a data pilot table is specified by fields, where each
field has a name and an orientation. The category columns are specified
by fields with the orientation “row” or “column” and data columns are
specified by fields that have the orientation “data”.</p>
<p>A third type of fields are data layout fields. Data layout fields are
not connected to a column in the source table, but are used to change
the layout of the data pilot table.</p>
<p>The order in which fields are specified determines the order in which
the data of category columns are grouped and results are displayed.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-tables"><span id="anchor-1070"></span><span
id="anchor-111"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</em> element contains all the
data pilot tables within a document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-table"><span id="anchor-1071"></span><span
id="anchor-1020"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> element contains the
elements that define the sources of a data pilot table. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-tables&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-111">9.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:application-data</em> <a
href="#anchor-1072">19.588</a>, <em>table:buttons</em> <a
href="#anchor-1073">19.593</a>,
<em>table:drill-down-on-double-click</em> <a
href="#anchor-1074">19.627</a>, <em>table:grand-total</em> <a
href="#anchor-1075">19.648</a>, <em>table:identify-categories</em> <a
href="#anchor-1076">19.653</a>, <em>table:ignore-empty-rows</em> <a
href="#anchor-1077">19.654</a>, <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>, <em>table:show-filter-button</em> <a
href="#anchor-1078">19.715</a> and <em>table:target-range-address</em>
<a href="#anchor-1012">19.736</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a>,
<em>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1013">9.4.18</a>,
<em>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1014">9.4.16</a>,
<em>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1015">9.4.17</a>, <em>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1054">9.6.5</a> and
<em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1080">9.6.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="data-pilot-table-source"><span id="anchor-1081"></span>Data
Pilot Table Source</h3>
<p>The source of a data pilot table is specified by one of the following
elements: </p>
<ul>
<li><em>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1013">9.4.18</a></li>
<li><em>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1014">9.4.16</a></li>
<li><em>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1015">9.4.17</a></li>
<li><em>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1054">9.6.5</a></li>
<li><em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1080">9.6.6</a></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="tablesource-cell-range"><span id="anchor-1082"></span><span
id="anchor-1054"></span>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</em> element specifies a cell
range as a source of data for a data pilot table. A filter may be
specified by a <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> child element that is
applied prior to return of data to a data pilot table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-955">19.597</a> and <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1016">9.5.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablesource-service"><span id="anchor-1083"></span><span
id="anchor-1080"></span>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> element specifies a service
that returns data to a data pilot table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:name</em> <a href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>,
<em>table:object-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1084">19.685</a>,
<em>table:password</em> <a href="#anchor-1085">19.694</a>,
<em>table:source-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1086">19.719</a> and
<em>table:user-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1087">19.751</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-field"><span id="anchor-1088"></span><span
id="anchor-1079"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> element specifies a field
for a data pilot table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:function</em> <a href="#anchor-1050">19.647</a>,
<em>table:is-data-layout-field</em> <a href="#anchor-1089">19.657</a>,
<em>table:orientation</em> <a href="#anchor-994">19.690</a>,
<em>table:selected-page</em> <a href="#anchor-1090">19.712</a>,
<em>table:source-field-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1091">19.718</a> and
<em>table:used-hierarchy</em> <a href="#anchor-1092">19.750</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1093">9.6.16</a>, <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1094">9.6.17</a> and
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1095">9.6.8</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-level"><span id="anchor-1096"></span><span
id="anchor-1095"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> element acts as a
container for elements that specify addition information about a data
pilot field.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:show-empty</em> <a
href="#anchor-1097">19.714</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1098">9.6.13</a>,
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1099">9.6.15</a>,
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1100">9.6.11</a>,
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1101">9.6.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1102">9.6.9</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-subtotals"><span id="anchor-1103"></span><span
id="anchor-1102"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt;</em> element contains the
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</em> elements for a data pilot
table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1095">9.6.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1104">9.6.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-subtotal"><span id="anchor-1105"></span><span
id="anchor-1104"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</em> element contains the
results of a single subtotal calculation.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element:
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotals&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1102">9.6.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>table:function</em> <a
href="#anchor-1050">19.647</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-members"><span id="anchor-1106"></span><span
id="anchor-1100"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt;</em> element specifies
whether or not to display category columns in data pilot tables or
information for category columns.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1095">9.6.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1107">9.6.12</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-member"><span id="anchor-1108"></span><span
id="anchor-1107"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</em> element specifies what
information is displayed for a member.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-members&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1100">9.6.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-913">19.621</a>, <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a> and <em>table:show-details</em> <a
href="#anchor-1109">19.713</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-display-info"><span
id="anchor-1110"></span><span
id="anchor-1098"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> element restricts
the number rows that are displayed for a category column to a specific
number of values of a data field.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1095">9.6.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:data-field</em> <a
href="#anchor-1111">19.611</a>, <em>table:display-member-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1112">19.626</a>, <em>table:enabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1113">19.629</a> and <em>table:member-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-1114">19.671</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-sort-info"><span id="anchor-1115"></span><span
id="anchor-1101"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</em> element specifies how
the members of a category column are sorted.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1095">9.6.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:data-field</em> <a
href="#anchor-1111">19.611</a>, <em>table:order</em> <a
href="#anchor-1040">19.689</a>, <em>table:sort-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1116">19.716</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-layout-info"><span id="anchor-1117"></span><span
id="anchor-1099"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt;</em> element specifies
how to layout a field.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1095">9.6.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:add-empty-lines</em> <a
href="#anchor-1118">19.586</a> and <em>table:layout-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1119">19.666</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-field-reference"><span
id="anchor-1120"></span><span
id="anchor-1093"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> element
specifies data which can be used to modify the displayed values of data
fields.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element:
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:field-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1121">19.640</a>, <em>table:member-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1122">19.672</a>, <em>table:member-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1123">19.673</a> and <em>table:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1124">19.740</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-groups"><span id="anchor-1125"></span><span
id="anchor-1094"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> element specifies that a
data pilot field is a group field. A group field allows grouping of
other fields.</p>
<p>Grouping may also take place for numeric or date values.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:date-end</em> <a
href="#anchor-1126">19.616</a>, <em>table:date-start</em> <a
href="#anchor-1127">19.617</a>, <em>table:end</em> <a
href="#anchor-1128">19.630</a>, <em>table:grouped-by</em> <a
href="#anchor-1129">19.650</a>, <em>table:source-field-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1091">19.718</a>, <em>table:start</em> <a
href="#anchor-1130">19.721</a> and <em>table:step</em> <a
href="#anchor-1131">19.727</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1132">9.6.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-group"><span id="anchor-1133"></span><span
id="anchor-1132"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</em> element specifies names
of groups if grouping takes place by specifying the member names.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1094">9.6.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:name</em> <a href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1134">9.6.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-group-member"><span
id="anchor-1135"></span><span
id="anchor-1134"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</em> element specifies
the name of a single group member.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1132">9.6.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<h2 id="tableconsolidation"><span id="anchor-1136"></span><span
id="anchor-109"></span>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> element defines the
consolidation of data from multiple table ranges. Consolidation means
that a new table range is filled with values calculated by applying a
mathematical function to all cells in the source table ranges that have
the same relative address within these ranges. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:function</em> <a href="#anchor-1050">19.647</a>,
<em>table:link-to-source-data</em> <a href="#anchor-1137">19.667</a>,
<em>table:source-cell-range-addresses</em> <a
href="#anchor-1138">19.717</a>, <em>table:target-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1139">19.735</a> and <em>table:use-labels</em> <a
href="#anchor-1140">19.747</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="tabledde-links"><span id="anchor-1141"></span><span
id="anchor-113"></span>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</em> container element stores all DDE
links for use in spreadsheet formulas. Every link contains the DDE
Source and the data of the last connection.</p>
<p>See <a href="#anchor-701">14.7</a> for the use of DDE
connections.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-869">14.7.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="change-tracking-in-spreadsheets"><span
id="anchor-1142"></span>Change Tracking in Spreadsheets</h2>
<h3 id="general-36"><span id="anchor-1143"></span>General </h3>
<p>All changes that have been applied to a spreadsheet document are
stored in a list. The list contains an element for each change made to
the table. </p>
<p>Note: See <a href="#TextChangeTrackingGeneral">5.5.1</a> for general
remarks about implementing change tracking.</p>
<h3 id="tabletracked-changes"><span id="anchor-1144"></span><span
id="anchor-151"></span>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element is a container for
tracked changes of a spreadsheet. Its presence further enables change
tracking for a spreadsheet.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:track-changes</em> <a
href="#anchor-1145">19.739</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-492">9.9.17</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a> and <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-495">9.9.13</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tableinsertion"><span id="anchor-1146"></span><span
id="anchor-494"></span>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> element contains the information
that identifies any insertion of content. This content can be one or
more rows, one or more columns, or a table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-151">9.9.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:acceptance-state</em> <a
href="#anchor-1147">19.584</a>, <em>table:count</em> <a
href="#anchor-1148">19.609</a>, <em>table:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1149">19.652</a>, <em>table:position</em> <a
href="#anchor-1150">19.695</a>, <em>table:rejecting-change-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1151">19.706</a>, <em>table:table</em> <a
href="#anchor-1152">19.732</a> and <em>table:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1124">19.740</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-252">5.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1153">9.9.6</a> and <em>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1154">9.9.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledependencies"><span id="anchor-1155"></span><span
id="anchor-1154"></span>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</em> element contains the
information on which other tracked changes the current change depends.
</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-492">9.9.17</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a> and <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-495">9.9.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;table:dependency&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1156">9.9.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledependency"><span id="anchor-1157"></span><span
id="anchor-1156"></span>&lt;table:dependency&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dependency&gt;</em> element contains the
information about one change action on which on which the current
tracked change depends. The change action on which the current change
depends is referenced by its <em>table:id</em> attribute</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dependency&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1154">9.9.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dependency&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1149">19.652</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dependency&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledeletions"><span id="anchor-1158"></span><span
id="anchor-1153"></span>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> element contains all deletions
which are performed while tracking a single change to a table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-492">9.9.17</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a> and <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-495">9.9.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1159">9.9.7</a> and <em>&lt;table:change-deletion&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1160">9.9.8</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablecell-content-deletion"><span id="anchor-1161"></span><span
id="anchor-1159"></span>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</em> element specifies
that a cell content has been deleted. It contains the address of the
effected cell and its former content. If a <em>table:id</em> attribute
is present, it specifies the id of a previously tracked change for the
cell that gets deleted by the current change.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1153">9.9.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>table:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1149">19.652</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1162">9.9.18</a> and
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablechange-deletion"><span id="anchor-1163"></span><span
id="anchor-1160"></span>&lt;table:change-deletion&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:change-deletion&gt;</em> element specifies the
value of the <em>table:id</em> of a previously tracked change that is
deleted by the current change.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:change-deletion&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1153">9.9.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:change-deletion&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1149">19.652</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:change-deletion&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledeletion"><span id="anchor-1164"></span><span
id="anchor-493"></span>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</h3>
<p>A <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> element contains content that was
deleted while change tracking was enabled. The content of a cell that
was deleted is contained in either a
<em>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</em>, or a
<em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-151">9.9.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:acceptance-state</em> <a
href="#anchor-1147">19.584</a>, <em>table:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1149">19.652</a>, <em>table:multi-deletion-spanned</em> <a
href="#anchor-1165">19.676</a>, <em>table:position</em> <a
href="#anchor-1150">19.695</a>, <em>table:rejecting-change-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1151">19.706</a>, <em>table:table</em> <a
href="#anchor-1152">19.732</a> and <em>table:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1124">19.740</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-252">5.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:cut-offs&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1166">9.9.10</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1153">9.9.6</a> and <em>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1154">9.9.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablecut-offs"><span id="anchor-1167"></span><span
id="anchor-1166"></span>&lt;table:cut-offs&gt;</h3>
<p>A <em>&lt;table:cut-offs&gt;</em> element contains elements that
specify the location of tracked but deleted insertions or movements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cut-offs&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cut-offs&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cut-offs&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1168">9.9.11</a>, <em>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1169">9.9.12</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tableinsertion-cut-off"><span id="anchor-1170"></span><span
id="anchor-1168"></span>&lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt;</em> element specifies where
an insertion was deleted.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:cut-offs&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1166">9.9.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1149">19.652</a> and <em>table:position</em> <a
href="#anchor-1150">19.695</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablemovement-cut-off"><span id="anchor-1171"></span><span
id="anchor-1169"></span>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</em> element specifies the
deletion of a movement.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;table:cut-offs&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1166">9.9.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:end-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-1172">19.633</a>, <em>table:position</em> <a
href="#anchor-1150">19.695</a> and <em>table:start-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-1173">19.723</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablemovement"><span id="anchor-1174"></span><span
id="anchor-495"></span>&lt;table:movement&gt;</h3>
<p>A <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> element specifies the information
that identifies movement of content. This content can be a cell content
or a cell range content.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-151">9.9.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:acceptance-state</em> <a
href="#anchor-1147">19.584</a>, <em>table:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1149">19.652</a> and <em>table:rejecting-change-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1151">19.706</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-252">5.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1153">9.9.6</a>, <em>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1154">9.9.4</a>,
<em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1175">9.9.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1176">9.9.15</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablesource-range-address"><span id="anchor-1177"></span><span
id="anchor-1175"></span>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> element specifies the
source or cell range address of a movement.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-495">9.9.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:column</em> <a
href="#anchor-1178">19.598</a>, <em>table:end-column</em> <a
href="#anchor-1179">19.632</a>, <em>table:end-row</em> <a
href="#anchor-1180">19.634</a>, <em>table:end-table</em> <a
href="#anchor-1181">19.635</a>, <em>table:row</em> <a
href="#anchor-1182">19.708</a>, <em>table:start-column</em> <a
href="#anchor-1183">19.722</a>, <em>table:start-row</em> <a
href="#anchor-1184">19.724</a>, <em>table:start-table</em> <a
href="#anchor-1185">19.725</a> and <em>table:table</em> <a
href="#anchor-1152">19.732</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabletarget-range-address"><span id="anchor-1186"></span><span
id="anchor-1176"></span>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> element specifies the
target cell address or cell range address of a movement.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-495">9.9.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:column</em> <a
href="#anchor-1178">19.598</a>, <em>table:end-column</em> <a
href="#anchor-1179">19.632</a>, <em>table:end-row</em> <a
href="#anchor-1180">19.634</a>, <em>table:end-table</em> <a
href="#anchor-1181">19.635</a>, <em>table:row</em> <a
href="#anchor-1182">19.708</a>, <em>table:start-column</em> <a
href="#anchor-1183">19.722</a>, <em>table:start-row</em> <a
href="#anchor-1184">19.724</a>, <em>table:start-table</em> <a
href="#anchor-1185">19.725</a> and <em>table:table</em> <a
href="#anchor-1152">19.732</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablechange-track-table-cell"><span
id="anchor-1187"></span><span
id="anchor-443"></span>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> element specifies
the information that tracks changes to a table cell. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1159">9.9.7</a> and <em>&lt;table:previous&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1188">9.9.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:currency</em> <a
href="#anchor-607">19.373</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>, <em>office:value-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>, <em>table:cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1189">19.595</a>, <em>table:formula</em> <a
href="#anchor-899">19.646</a>, <em>table:matrix-covered</em> <a
href="#anchor-1190">19.669</a>,
<em>table:number-matrix-columns-spanned</em> <a
href="#anchor-902">19.683</a> and
<em>table:number-matrix-rows-spanned</em> <a
href="#anchor-903">19.684</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablecell-content-change"><span id="anchor-1191"></span><span
id="anchor-492"></span>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</h3>
<p>A <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> element specifies the
information that identifies changes of the cell content.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-151">9.9.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>table:acceptance-state</em> <a
href="#anchor-1147">19.584</a>, <em>table:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1149">19.652</a> and <em>table:rejecting-change-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1151">19.706</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;office:change-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-252">5.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1162">9.9.18</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1153">9.9.6</a>, <em>&lt;table:dependencies&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1154">9.9.4</a> and <em>&lt;table:previous&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1188">9.9.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablecell-address"><span id="anchor-1192"></span><span
id="anchor-1162"></span>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</em> element contains the address
of a cell that has changed. Unlike other cell addresses, the cell
address consists of the row, column and table number of the cell. This
allows the specification of addresses that are outside a valid cell
address range.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-492">9.9.17</a> and
<em>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1159">9.9.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:column</em> <a href="#anchor-1178">19.598</a>,
<em>table:row</em> <a href="#anchor-1182">19.708</a> and
<em>table:table</em> <a href="#anchor-1152">19.732</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tableprevious"><span id="anchor-1193"></span><span
id="anchor-1188"></span>&lt;table:previous&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:previous&gt;</em> element contains the previous
cell content which is overwritten by the current change. If a
<em>table:id</em> attribute is present, it specifies the id of a
previously tracked change for the cell that is changed again by the
current change.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:previous&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-492">9.9.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:previous&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1149">19.652</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:previous&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>.</p>
<h1 id="graphic-content"><span id="anchor-1194"></span><span
id="Graphic Content Content"></span>Graphic Content</h1>
<h2 id="general-37"><span id="anchor-1195"></span>General</h2>
<p>This chapter specifies the elements that represent graphic objects
and elements used in the representation of graphical objects. </p>
<h2 id="enhanced-page-features-for-graphical-applications"><span
id="anchor-1196"></span>Enhanced Page Features for Graphical
Applications</h2>
<h3 id="stylehandout-master"><span id="anchor-1197"></span><span
id="anchor-211"></span>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> element represents a
template for the generation of handout pages.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-51">3.15.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>,
<em>presentation:presentation-page-layout-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1199">19.413</a>, <em>presentation:use-date-time-name</em>
<a href="#anchor-1200">19.428</a>, <em>presentation:use-footer-name</em>
<a href="#anchor-1201">19.429</a>, <em>presentation:use-header-name</em>
<a href="#anchor-1202">19.430</a> and <em>style:page-layout-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1203">19.508</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawlayer-set"><span id="anchor-1204"></span><span
id="anchor-210"></span>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</em> element defines a set of layers.
If placed inside a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> or
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element it defines a set of layers for that
page. If placed inside the <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> element
it defines a set of layers for all pages that do not have their own set
of layers.</p>
<p>Layers group drawing objects. Assigning a shape to a layer does not
change its rendering order as defined by its <em>draw:z-index</em>
attribute. <a href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-51">3.15.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1206">10.2.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawlayer"><span id="anchor-1207"></span><span
id="anchor-1206"></span>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> element defines a single layer.
Layers group drawing objects. </p>
<p>Each drawing object inside a drawing or presentation document can be
assigned to a layer. Each object that is assigned to a layer inherits
the settings of that layer. Drawing objects may be assigned to these
layers by the value of their <em>draw:layer <a
href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a></em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-210">10.2.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>draw:display</em> <a href="#anchor-1209">19.132</a>,
<em>draw:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a> and
<em>draw:protected</em> <a href="#anchor-1211">19.207</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>
and <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpage"><span id="anchor-1212"></span><span
id="anchor-141"></span>&lt;draw:page&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element is a container for content in
a drawing or presentation document. This element is used for the
following:</p>
<ul>
<li>Layers <a href="#anchor-210">10.2.2</a></li>
<li>Forms <a href="#anchor-107">13.2</a></li>
<li>Drawing Objects <a href="#anchor-513">10.3</a></li>
<li>Frames <a href="#anchor-514">10.4</a></li>
<li>Presentation Animations <a href="#anchor-1213">10.9</a></li>
<li>Presentation Notes <a href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>
and <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>,
<em>draw:master-page-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1216">19.194</a>,
<em>draw:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>,
<em>draw:nav-order</em> <a href="#anchor-1217">19.198</a>,
<em>draw:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>,
<em>presentation:presentation-page-layout-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1199">19.413</a>, <em>presentation:use-date-time-name</em>
<a href="#anchor-1200">19.428</a>, <em>presentation:use-footer-name</em>
<a href="#anchor-1201">19.429</a>, <em>presentation:use-header-name</em>
<a href="#anchor-1202">19.430</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-210">10.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-107">13.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1229">10.8.1</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a> and <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawequation"><span id="anchor-1230"></span><span
id="element-draw:equation"></span>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> element specifies a formula for
the calculation of a value and the name by which that formula can be
referenced.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:formula</em> <a href="#anchor-1232">19.171</a> and
<em>draw:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="drawing-shapes"><span id="anchor-1233"></span><span
id="anchor-513"></span>Drawing Shapes</h2>
<h3 id="general-38"><span id="anchor-1234"></span>General</h3>
<p>This section defines graphical objects that may occur within all
types of documents.</p>
<h3 id="drawrect"><span id="anchor-1235"></span><span
id="anchor-105"></span>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> element represents a rectangular
drawing shape.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>,
<em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>,
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:corner-radius</em> <a href="#anchor-1238">19.127</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:rx</em> <a
href="#anchor-1244">19.554</a>, <em>svg:ry</em> <a
href="#anchor-1245">19.555</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawline"><span id="anchor-1256"></span><span
id="anchor-99"></span>&lt;draw:line&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> element represents a line.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>,
<em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>,
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:x1</em> <a
href="#anchor-1257">19.578</a>, <em>svg:x2</em> <a
href="#anchor-1258">19.579</a>, <em>svg:y1</em> <a
href="#anchor-1259">19.582</a>, <em>svg:y2</em> <a
href="#anchor-1260">19.583</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpolyline"><span id="anchor-1261"></span><span
id="anchor-104"></span>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> element represents a polyline
drawing shape.</p>
<p>Consumers may ignore <em>svg:height</em> and <em>svg:width</em>
attributes, and determine the size of a shape from the polygon
vertices.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:points</em> <a
href="#anchor-1262">19.206</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpolygon"><span id="anchor-1264"></span><span
id="anchor-103"></span>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> element represents a polygon. A
polygon is a closed set of straight lines.</p>
<p>Consumers may ignore <em>svg:height</em> and <em>svg:width</em>
attributes, and determine the size of a shape from the polygon
vertices.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:points</em> <a
href="#anchor-1262">19.206</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawregular-polygon"><span id="anchor-1265"></span><span
id="anchor-106"></span>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> element represents a
regular polygon. A regular polygon is a polygon that is specified by its
number of edges (that is equal to the number of its corners), rather
than by arbitrary points.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:concave</em> <a href="#anchor-1266">19.123</a>,
<em>draw:corners</em> <a href="#anchor-1267">19.128</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:sharpness</em> <a
href="#anchor-1268">19.211</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpath"><span id="anchor-1269"></span><span
id="anchor-102"></span>&lt;draw:path&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> element represents a path. A path is a
shape with a user-defined outline. The outline is defined by the
<em>svg:d</em> attribute. <a href="#anchor-1270">19.530</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>,
<em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>,
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:d</em> <a
href="#anchor-1270">19.530</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcircle"><span id="anchor-1271"></span><span
id="anchor-92"></span>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> element represents a circular
drawing shape.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:end-angle</em> <a href="#anchor-1272">19.140</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:kind</em>
<a href="#anchor-1273">19.188</a>, <em>draw:layer</em> <a
href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:start-angle</em> <a
href="#anchor-1274">19.213</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:cx</em> <a
href="#anchor-1275">19.528</a>, <em>svg:cy</em> <a
href="#anchor-1276">19.529</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:r</em> <a
href="#anchor-1277">19.553</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawellipse"><span id="anchor-1278"></span><span
id="anchor-96"></span>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> element represents an ellipse.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:end-angle</em> <a href="#anchor-1272">19.140</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:kind</em>
<a href="#anchor-1273">19.188</a>, <em>draw:layer</em> <a
href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:start-angle</em> <a
href="#anchor-1274">19.213</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:cx</em> <a
href="#anchor-1275">19.528</a>, <em>svg:cy</em> <a
href="#anchor-1276">19.529</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:rx</em> <a
href="#anchor-1244">19.554</a>, <em>svg:ry</em> <a
href="#anchor-1245">19.555</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawconnector"><span id="anchor-1279"></span><span
id="anchor-93"></span>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> element represents a connected
set of one or more lines that visually connects a start and an end
point. </p>
<p>Start and/or end points can be defined by references to glue points
<a href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a> or as absolute positions. The
connector's geometric path is defined by the <em>svg:d</em> <a
href="#anchor-1270">19.530</a> attribute. Consumers may also compute the
connector's geometric path considering the <em>draw:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1280">19.229.2</a> and <em>draw:line-skew</em> <a
href="#anchor-1281">19.190</a> attributes, and the formatting properties
defined for connectors.</p>
<p>If the <em>svg:d</em> attribute is not present, the connector's
geometric path is implementation-dependent. Producers should export the
connector's geometric path using the <em>svg:d</em> attribute.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This assists consumers that are not capable of computing a
connector path.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:end-glue-point</em> <a href="#anchor-1282">19.142</a>,
<em>draw:end-shape</em> <a href="#anchor-1283">19.144</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:line-skew</em> <a
href="#anchor-1281">19.190</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:start-glue-point</em> <a
href="#anchor-1284">19.215</a>, <em>draw:start-shape</em> <a
href="#anchor-1285">19.217</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1286">19.229</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:d</em> <a
href="#anchor-1270">19.530</a>, <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a>, <em>svg:x1</em> <a
href="#anchor-1257">19.578</a>, <em>svg:x2</em> <a
href="#anchor-1258">19.579</a>, <em>svg:y1</em> <a
href="#anchor-1259">19.582</a>, <em>svg:y2</em> <a
href="#anchor-1260">19.583</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcaption"><span id="anchor-1287"></span><span
id="anchor-91"></span>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> element represents a description
attached to a fixed point. It consists of rectangular drawing shape with
an additional set of connected lines that connect the rectangle with the
fixed point.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:caption-point-x</em> <a href="#anchor-1288">19.116</a>,
<em>draw:caption-point-y</em> <a href="#anchor-1289">19.117</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:corner-radius</em> <a href="#anchor-1238">19.127</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawmeasure"><span id="anchor-1290"></span><span
id="anchor-100"></span>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> element represents a shape that is
used to measure distances in drawings.</p>
<p>A measure shape consists of two parallel lines, called <em>extension
lines</em>, and a line perpendicular to the extension lines, called a
<em>dimension line</em>. The dimension line has arrows at its endpoints.
It is displayed between the extension lines and terminated by them. </p>
<p>The positions of extension lines and the dimension line are
determined by two reference points, called <em>start</em> and <em>end
reference points</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:line-distance</em> attribute defines the distance
between the (virtual) line between the reference points, called
<em>reference line</em>, and the dimension line. The
<em>draw:placing</em> attribute defines if the measure shape is placed
above or below the reference line.</p>
<p>The start reference point is defined by the attributes
<em>svg:x1</em> and <em>svg:y1</em> </p>
<p>The first extension line is drawn on a line as defined by the vector
from the start reference point to the start point of the dimension line.
The extension line will start along this vector at a distance from the
start reference point that is defined by the
<em>draw:guide-distance</em> attribute minus the value of the
<em>draw:start-guide</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The end reference point is defined by the attributes <em>svg:x2</em>,
and <em>svg:y2</em>. </p>
<p>The second extension line is drawn on a line as defined by the vector
from the end reference point to the end point of the dimension line. The
extension line will start along this vector at the distance from the end
reference point that is defined by the <em>draw:guide-distance</em>
attribute minus the value of <em>draw:end-guide</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The end points of the extension lines are at the distance defined by
the <em>draw:guide-overhang</em> attribute after the intersection with
the dimension line. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:x1</em> <a
href="#anchor-1257">19.578</a>, <em>svg:x2</em> <a
href="#anchor-1258">19.579</a>, <em>svg:y1</em> <a
href="#anchor-1259">19.582</a>, <em>svg:y2</em> <a
href="#anchor-1260">19.583</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcontrol"><span id="anchor-1291"></span><span
id="anchor-94"></span>&lt;draw:control&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> element represents a shape that is
linked to a control inside an <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:control</em> <a href="#anchor-1292">19.125</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a> and <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpage-thumbnail"><span id="anchor-1293"></span><span
id="anchor-101"></span>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> element represents a
rectangular area that displays the thumbnail of a drawing page.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1294">19.203</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class</em> <a
href="#anchor-1295">19.393</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:placeholder</em> <a
href="#anchor-1296">19.411</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>presentation:user-transformed</em>
<a href="#anchor-1297">19.431</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a> and <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawg"><span id="anchor-1298"></span><span
id="anchor-98"></span>&lt;draw:g&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> element represents a group of drawing
shapes.</p>
<p>Drawing shapes contained in a <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> element, that
is itself contained in a <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> element act as
hyperlinks using the <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> attribute of the containing
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> element. If the included drawing shapes are
themselves contained within <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> elements, then the
<em>xlink:href</em> attributes of those <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> elements
act as the hyperlink information for the shapes they contain.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>,
<em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>,
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:name</em>
<a href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> element has the following child elements:
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a> and <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawglue-point"><span id="anchor-1299"></span><span
id="anchor-1255"></span>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> element specifies a point in the
area of a drawing object to which a connector shape can connect. All
drawing objects have four standard glue points located at the center of
the four edges of the object's bounding box. Additional glue points may
be added to a drawing object by inserting one or more
<em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> elements into a drawing object
element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:align</em> <a href="#anchor-1300">19.111</a>,
<em>draw:escape-direction</em> <a href="#anchor-1301">19.147</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a> and <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="svgtitle"><span id="anchor-1302"></span><span
id="anchor-918"></span>&lt;svg:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> element specifies a name for a graphic
object.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1206">10.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="svgdesc"><span id="anchor-1306"></span><span
id="anchor-921"></span>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> element specifies a prose description
of a graphic object that may be used to support accessibility. See
appendix .</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1206">10.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> element has character data content.</p>
<h3 id="officeevent-listeners"><span id="anchor-1307"></span><span
id="anchor-172"></span>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> element represents the
attachment of an event listener to a drawing shape, form control or
other event-driven object. See <a href="#anchor-1308">14.5</a>. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1317">13.5.25</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>, <em>&lt;office:scripts&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-53">3.12</a>, <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a> and <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-357">7.7.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a> and
<em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="frames"><span id="anchor-1331"></span><span
id="anchor-514"></span>Frames</h2>
<h3 id="general-39"><span id="anchor-1332"></span>General</h3>
<p>A frame is a container for enhanced content like text boxes, images
or objects. A frame may contain multiple renditions of content. A
consumer may choose the representation that it supports best.</p>
<p>Multiple representations may share <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>Each child element of a frame is a different representation of the
same content. The order of content elements reflects the document
author's preference for rendering, with the first child element being
preferred. That means that consumers should render the first child
element that they support. A frame may contain multiple content
elements, but shall contain at least one content element. </p>
<p>Within text documents, frames are also used to position content
outside the default text flow of a document.</p>
<h3 id="drawframe"><span id="anchor-1333"></span><span
id="anchor-97"></span>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> element represents a frame and serves
as the container for elements that may occur in a frame. </p>
<p>Frame formatting properties are stored in styles belonging to the
graphic family.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-35">3.9</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:copy-of</em> <a href="#anchor-1334">19.126</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class</em> <a
href="#anchor-1295">19.393</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:placeholder</em> <a
href="#anchor-1296">19.411</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>presentation:user-transformed</em>
<a href="#anchor-1297">19.431</a>, <em>style:rel-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1335">19.513</a>, <em>style:rel-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1336">19.514</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1338">10.4.11.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1339">10.4.11.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1341">10.4.13.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a> and <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawtext-box"><span id="anchor-1344"></span><span
id="anchor-301"></span>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> element represents a text box.
This element may be used to place text in a container that is outside of
the flow of the document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:chain-next-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1345">19.118</a>, <em>draw:corner-radius</em> <a
href="#anchor-1238">19.127</a>, <em>fo:max-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1346">19.238</a>, <em>fo:max-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1347">19.239</a>, <em>fo:min-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1348">19.240</a>, <em>fo:min-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1349">19.241</a>, <em>text:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-318">19.815</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-133">5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawimage"><span id="anchor-1350"></span><span
id="anchor-155"></span>&lt;draw:image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> element represents an image. An image
can be either:</p>
<ul>
<li>A link to an external resource</li>
</ul>
<p>or</p>
<ul>
<li>Embedded in the document</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> element may have text content. Text
content is displayed in addition to the image data.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: While the image data may have an arbitrary format, vector
graphics should be stored in the <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a> format
and bitmap graphics in the <a href="#nref-png">[PNG]</a> format.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>draw:filter-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1351">19.170</a>,
<em>draw:mime-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1352">19.191</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a>,
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a> and <em>xml:id</em>
<a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1353">10.4.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officebinary-data"><span id="anchor-1354"></span><span
id="anchor-1353"></span>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> element contains image data
in BASE64 encoding (as defined in <a
href="#nref-rfc2045">[RFC2045]</a>). If this element is present, an
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> attribute in its
parent element shall be ignored. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The image data may be in an arbitrary data format. Consumers
have to analyze the image data to determine the data format that is
used. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>, <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>
and <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> element has content of data
type <em>base64Binary</em> <a href="#anchor-1357">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="embedded-objects"><span id="anchor-1358"></span>Embedded
Objects</h3>
<h4 id="general-40"><span id="anchor-1359"></span>General</h4>
<p>A document in format can contain two types of embedded objects, as
follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Objects that have an representation.</li>
<li>Objects that do not have an representation.</li>
</ul>
<p>Note: OLE objects are an example of objects without an
representation. See <span class="citation"
data-cites="OLE">[OLE]</span>.</p>
<h4 id="drawobject"><span id="anchor-1360"></span><span
id="anchor-46"></span>&lt;draw:object&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> element represents objects that have
a representation.</p>
<p>Objects with an OpenDocument representation can either be: </p>
<ul>
<li>Contained in the same package as a document, in which case the
Object is a sub-document within the package. The <em>xlink:href</em>
attribute of this element references that folder. <a
href="#nref-odf1.3-Part-2:Packages">1.3</a></li>
<li>Contained in a separate OpenDocument document instance. The
<em>xlink:href</em> attribute of this element references that document's
package. </li>
<li>Contained in a child <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> element of
this element. </li>
<li>Contained in a child <em>&lt;math:math&gt;</em> element of this
element. </li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: An image representation of an object should be included in a
frame in addition to the object itself.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges</em> <a
href="#anchor-1361">19.200</a>, <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a
href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>, <em>xlink:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-266">19.917</a>, <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;math:math&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-13">14.6</a> and
<em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>.</p>
<h4 id="drawobject-ole"><span id="anchor-1362"></span><span
id="anchor-1342"></span>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> element represents objects that
do not have an representation. </p>
<p>Objects without an OpenDocument representation can either be: </p>
<ul>
<li>Contained in the same package as a document, in which case it is
contained in a file within the package. The <em>xlink:href</em>
attribute of this element references that file. </li>
<li>Contained in a separate file. The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute of
this element references that file.</li>
<li>Contained in a child <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> element of
this element. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:class-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1363">19.119</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a>,
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a> and <em>xml:id</em>
<a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1353">10.4.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawapplet-deprecated"><span id="anchor-1364"></span><span
id="anchor-1337"></span>&lt;draw:applet&gt; (Deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> element represents an applet that is
embedded in a document. Its semantics are the same as the &lt;applet&gt;
element in HTML. §13.4 of <a href="#nref-html4">[HTML4]</a>. This
element shall have either a <em>draw:code</em> or <em>draw:object</em>
attribute.</p>
<p>The applet name, width, height, margins, title and description are
specified by the <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> element's
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> parent element. The
<em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> element does not support character data
content.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:archive</em> <a href="#anchor-1365">19.113</a>,
<em>draw:code</em> <a href="#anchor-1366">19.121</a>,
<em>draw:may-script</em> <a href="#anchor-1367">19.195</a>,
<em>draw:object</em> <a href="#anchor-1368">19.201</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a>,
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a> and <em>xml:id</em>
<a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;draw:param&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1369">10.4.9</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawplugin"><span id="anchor-1370"></span><span
id="anchor-1343"></span>&lt;draw:plugin&gt; </h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> element represents an external
application that processes data with a specified media type.</p>
<p>How OpenDocument consumers interact with external applications is not
defined by this specification.</p>
<p>Note: Consumers are responsible for any and all security issues that
may arise from interaction with an external application referenced by a
<em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:mime-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1352">19.191</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a>,
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a> and <em>xml:id</em>
<a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;draw:param&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1369">10.4.9</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawparam"><span id="anchor-1371"></span><span
id="anchor-1369"></span>&lt;draw:param&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:param&gt;</em> element contains parameters that are
passed to an applet or plugin when they are initialized.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:param&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a> and <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:param&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>draw:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a> and
<em>draw:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1372">19.230</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:param&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="drawfloating-frame"><span id="anchor-1373"></span><span
id="anchor-1340"></span>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> element represents a frame
that is embedded in a document.</p>
<p>Floating frames cannot be transformed as described in section <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:frame-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1374">19.172</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a>,
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a> and <em>xml:id</em>
<a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="contours"><span id="anchor-1375"></span><span
id="draw-contours"></span>Contours</h3>
<h4 id="general-41"><span id="anchor-1376"></span>General</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> elements are used to specify contours
to be applied to object or images.</p>
<p>Consumers should support pixel lengths for the <em>svg:width</em> and
<em>svg:height</em> attributes of the
<em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: A contour of an object or image establishes an outer boundary
around an object or image. One use would be the wrapping of text around
a contour specified for an image, if <em>style:wrap-contour</em>=”true”
and a contour is specified.</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="drawcontour-polygon"><span id="anchor-1377"></span><span
id="anchor-1339"></span>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em> element specifies a contour
using a polygon. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:points</em> <a href="#anchor-1262">19.206</a>,
<em>draw:recreate-on-edit</em> <a href="#anchor-1378">19.208</a>,
<em>svg:height</em> <a href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>,
<em>svg:viewBox</em> <a href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> and
<em>svg:width</em> <a href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="drawcontour-path"><span id="anchor-1379"></span><span
id="anchor-1338"></span>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> element specifies a contour
using a path. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:recreate-on-edit</em> <a
href="#anchor-1378">19.208</a>, <em>svg:d</em> <a
href="#anchor-1270">19.530</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> and <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="drawa"><span id="anchor-1380"></span><span
id="anchor-90"></span>&lt;draw:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> element enables both frames and drawing
shapes to act as hyperlinks. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> element contains a drawing shape that
should behave as a hyperlink.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>,
<em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>,
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>office:name</em> <a href="#anchor-527">19.380</a>,
<em>office:server-map</em> <a href="#anchor-1381">19.382</a>,
<em>office:target-frame-name</em> <a href="#anchor-268">19.385</a>,
<em>office:title</em> <a href="#anchor-528">19.387</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a>,
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a> and <em>xml:id</em>
<a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> element has the following child elements:
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="client-side-image-maps"><span id="anchor-1382"></span><span
id="Image Map"></span>Client Side Image Maps</h3>
<h4 id="general-42"><span id="anchor-1383"></span>General</h4>
<p>An client side image map is a collection of hyperlinks that are
associated with graphic elements. The image map is a sequence of image
map elements. Each image map element associates a hyperlink with an
area. The area can be a rectangle, circle or polygon.</p>
<h4 id="drawimage-map"><span id="anchor-1384"></span><span
id="anchor-1341"></span>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</em> element represents an image
map.</p>
<p>Image map elements are specified at absolute positions relative to
the original size of its associated graphical element. OpenDocument
consumer shall scale the image map to match the current size of the
image.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>.</p>
<h4 id="drawarea-rectangle"><span id="anchor-1385"></span><span
id="anchor-1305"></span>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> element specifies a
rectangular image map area.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1341">10.4.13.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:nohref</em> <a href="#anchor-1386">19.199</a>,
<em>office:name</em> <a href="#anchor-527">19.380</a>,
<em>office:target-frame-name</em> <a href="#anchor-268">19.385</a>,
<em>svg:height</em> <a href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>,
<em>svg:width</em> <a href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>, <em>xlink:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a> and <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>.</p>
<h4 id="drawarea-circle"><span id="anchor-1387"></span><span
id="anchor-1303"></span>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> element represents a circular
image map area.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1341">10.4.13.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:nohref</em> <a href="#anchor-1386">19.199</a>,
<em>office:name</em> <a href="#anchor-527">19.380</a>,
<em>office:target-frame-name</em> <a href="#anchor-268">19.385</a>,
<em>svg:cx</em> <a href="#anchor-1275">19.528</a>, <em>svg:cy</em> <a
href="#anchor-1276">19.529</a>, <em>svg:r</em> <a
href="#anchor-1277">19.553</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>, <em>xlink:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a> and <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>.</p>
<h4 id="drawarea-polygon"><span id="anchor-1388"></span><span
id="anchor-1304"></span>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> element specifies a polygonal
image map area. A polygonal image map area has the following
components:</p>
<ul>
<li>A bounding box.<br />
The bounding box establishes the reference frame for the view box and
the polygon point sequence. The reference frame enables the coordinates
to be translated into absolute coordinates.</li>
<li>A view box.<br />
The view box attribute establishes a coordinate system for the point
sequence. The view box avoids the need to record every point of the
point sequence as absolute coordinates with length and unit of
measurement.</li>
<li>A sequence of points in view-box coordinates in the
<em>draw:points</em> attribute.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: For more information about how to represent polygons, see
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:image-map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1341">10.4.13.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:nohref</em> <a href="#anchor-1386">19.199</a>,
<em>draw:points</em> <a href="#anchor-1262">19.206</a>,
<em>office:name</em> <a href="#anchor-527">19.380</a>,
<em>office:target-frame-name</em> <a href="#anchor-268">19.385</a>,
<em>svg:height</em> <a href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>,
<em>svg:viewBox</em> <a href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a>,
<em>svg:width</em> <a href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>, <em>xlink:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a> and <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>.</p>
<h2 id="d-shapes"><span id="anchor-1389"></span><span
id="anchor-515"></span>3D Shapes</h2>
<h3 id="general-43"><span id="anchor-1390"></span>General</h3>
<p>3D shapes are used to define three-dimensional coordinate systems and
geometrical figures within them. All 3D coordinate systems are
right-handed. Geometry is represented by a tree of scenes. Each scene
may contain zero or more 3D shapes, with a scene being a special case of
shape. The root scene defines the world coordinate system. Each 3D shape
may define a local coordinate system relative to its parent 3D
scene.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dscene"><span id="anchor-1391"></span><span
id="anchor-89"></span>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> element is the only element that can
contain three-dimensional shapes. Like the <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em>
element it groups shapes, but it also defines the projection, lighting,
and other rendering details for the shapes inside the scene.</p>
<p>The attributes <em>svg:x</em>, <em>svg:y</em>, <em>svg:width</em> and
<em>svg:height</em> are only evaluated for the outermost
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> element. The attributes <em>svg:x</em>,
<em>svg:y</em>, <em>svg:width</em> and <em>svg:height</em> specify
together a rectangular viewport into which the projection of the scene
is drawn. The projection is scaled non-uniformly such that the bounding
box of the projected elements matches the viewport rectangle. </p>
<p>The attributes <em>svg:x</em> and <em>svg:y</em> refer to the
coordinate system of the parent element. They specify the top-left point
of the viewport rectangle. </p>
<p>Note: To display a uniformly scaled projection, the producer has to
generate suitable values for <em>svg:width</em> and <em>svg:height</em>.
</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>dr3d:ambient-color</em> <a href="#anchor-1392">19.92</a>,
<em>dr3d:distance</em> <a href="#anchor-1393">19.96</a>,
<em>dr3d:focal-length</em> <a href="#anchor-1394">19.98</a>,
<em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> <a href="#anchor-1395">19.99</a>,
<em>dr3d:projection</em> <a href="#anchor-1396">19.102</a>,
<em>dr3d:shade-mode</em> <a href="#anchor-1397">19.103</a>,
<em>dr3d:shadow-slant</em> <a href="#anchor-1398">19.104</a>,
<em>dr3d:transform</em> <a href="#anchor-1399">19.107</a>,
<em>dr3d:vpn</em> <a href="#anchor-1400">19.108</a>, <em>dr3d:vrp</em>
<a href="#anchor-1401">19.109</a>, <em>dr3d:vup</em> <a
href="#anchor-1402">19.110</a>, <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>, <em>draw:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>, <em>draw:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em> <a
href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1405">10.5.3</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>,
<em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a> and
<em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dlight"><span id="anchor-1408"></span><span
id="anchor-1405"></span>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> element represents a light inside a
scene.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: There may be several lights, but consumers may limit the number
of lights per scene to 8. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> and <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>dr3d:diffuse-color</em> <a href="#anchor-1410">19.94</a>,
<em>dr3d:direction</em> <a href="#anchor-1411">19.95</a>,
<em>dr3d:enabled</em> <a href="#anchor-1412">19.97</a> and
<em>dr3d:specular</em> <a href="#anchor-1413">19.106</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dcube"><span id="anchor-1414"></span><span
id="anchor-1403"></span>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> element represents a three-dimensional
cube shape.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>dr3d:max-edge</em> <a href="#anchor-1415">19.100</a>,
<em>dr3d:min-edge</em> <a href="#anchor-1416">19.101</a>,
<em>dr3d:transform</em> <a href="#anchor-1399">19.107</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dsphere"><span id="anchor-1417"></span><span
id="anchor-1407"></span>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> element represents a
three-dimensional sphere shape.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>dr3d:center</em> <a href="#anchor-1418">19.93</a>,
<em>dr3d:size</em> <a href="#anchor-1419">19.105</a>,
<em>dr3d:transform</em> <a href="#anchor-1399">19.107</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dextrude"><span id="anchor-1420"></span><span
id="anchor-1404"></span>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> element represents a
three-dimensional extruded object based on the given polygon. The 3D
geometry is formed by extruding a polygon perpendicular to the plane of
the given polygon by a depth (see <em>dr3d:depth</em>, <a
href="#anchor-1421">20.79</a>), creating a front face, a back face and
side faces. The side faces are formed by connecting all corresponding
single edges of the front and back faces. When no depth is given, the
polygon forms a shape without depth. The closing of the front face
depends on the value of the <em>dr3d:close-front</em> attribute <a
href="#anchor-1422">20.78</a>. The closing of the back face depends on
the value of the <em>dr3d:close-back</em> attribute <a
href="#anchor-1423">20.77</a>. The size of the back face can be relative
to the size of the front face when the <em>dr3d:back-scale</em>
attribute is used. The side faces defined by the extrusion of the shape
are always closed. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>dr3d:transform</em> <a href="#anchor-1399">19.107</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:d</em> <a
href="#anchor-1270">19.530</a>, <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="dr3drotate"><span id="anchor-1424"></span><span
id="anchor-1406"></span>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> element represents a
three-dimensional rotation shape based on the given polygon. The 3D
geometry is defined by rotating the XY-plane with the polygon around the
Y-axis of the local coordinate system. This rotation is linearly
interpolated in the given number of steps
(<em>dr3d:horizontal-segments</em> <a href="#anchor-1425">20.85</a>)
around the given angle (<em>dr3d:end-angle</em> <a
href="#anchor-1426">20.84</a>). The side faces are formed by connecting
all corresponding single edges of a neighboring pairs of rotated
polygons. By default, the rotation uses a full rotation (360 degrees,
<em>dr3d:end-angle</em> attribute <a href="#anchor-1426">20.84</a>). In
that case the 3D geometry is implicitly closed and no front face or back
face is created (unless they are of different sizes). If the rotation is
different, a front face is created using the first, unrotated polygon
and a back face is created using the last rotated polygon. The closing
of a front face also depends on the value of the
<em>dr3d:close-front</em> attribute <a href="#anchor-1422">20.78</a> and
the closing of a back face on the value of the <em>dr3d:close-back</em>
<a href="#anchor-1423">20.77</a> attribute. The size of the back face
can be different than the size of the front face when the
<em>dr3d:back-scale</em> attribute <a href="#anchor-1427">20.75</a> is
used.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>dr3d:transform</em> <a href="#anchor-1399">19.107</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em>
<a href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:d</em> <a
href="#anchor-1270">19.530</a>, <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="custom-shape"><span id="anchor-1428"></span><span
id="anchor-516"></span>Custom Shape</h2>
<h3 id="drawcustom-shape"><span id="anchor-1429"></span><span
id="anchor-95"></span>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> element represents a complex
figure. It supports font geometry effects and extrusion. A custom shape
may have a geometry that influences its shape. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:shapes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-885">9.2.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-310">5.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-311">8.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-315">6.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a>,
<em>draw:class-names</em> <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>,
<em>draw:data</em> <a href="#anchor-1430">19.131</a>,
<em>draw:engine</em> <a href="#anchor-1431">19.146</a>, <em>draw:id</em>
<a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em> <a
href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>, <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a>, <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawenhanced-geometry"><span id="anchor-1432"></span><span
id="anchor-1231"></span>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> element contains the
geometry for a <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> element if its
<em>draw:engine</em> attribute has been omitted.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>dr3d:projection</em> <a href="#anchor-1396">19.102</a>,
<em>dr3d:shade-mode</em> <a href="#anchor-1397">19.103</a>,
<em>draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed</em> <a
href="#anchor-1433">19.124</a>, <em>draw:enhanced-path</em> <a
href="#anchor-1434">19.145</a>, <em>draw:extrusion</em> <a
href="#anchor-1435">19.148</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-allowed</em> <a
href="#anchor-1436">19.149</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-brightness</em> <a
href="#anchor-1437">19.150</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-1438">19.151</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-depth</em> <a
href="#anchor-1439">19.152</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-diffusion</em> <a
href="#anchor-1440">19.153</a>,
<em>draw:extrusion-first-light-direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-1441">19.154</a>,
<em>draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh</em> <a
href="#anchor-1442">19.155</a>,
<em>draw:extrusion-first-light-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-1443">19.156</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-light-face</em> <a
href="#anchor-1444">19.157</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-metal</em> <a
href="#anchor-1445">19.158</a>,
<em>draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments</em> <a
href="#anchor-1446">19.159</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-origin</em> <a
href="#anchor-1447">19.160</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-rotation-angle</em>
<a href="#anchor-1448">19.161</a>,
<em>draw:extrusion-rotation-center</em> <a
href="#anchor-1449">19.162</a>,
<em>draw:extrusion-second-light-direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-1450">19.163</a>,
<em>draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh</em> <a
href="#anchor-1451">19.164</a>,
<em>draw:extrusion-second-light-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-1452">19.165</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-shininess</em> <a
href="#anchor-1453">19.166</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-skew</em> <a
href="#anchor-1454">19.167</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-specularity</em> <a
href="#anchor-1455">19.168</a>, <em>draw:extrusion-viewpoint</em> <a
href="#anchor-1456">19.169</a>,
<em>draw:glue-point-leaving-directions</em> <a
href="#anchor-1457">19.173</a>, <em>draw:glue-point-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1458">19.174</a>, <em>draw:glue-points</em> <a
href="#anchor-1459">19.175</a>, <em>draw:mirror-horizontal</em> <a
href="#anchor-1460">19.192</a>, <em>draw:mirror-vertical</em> <a
href="#anchor-1461">19.193</a>, <em>draw:modifiers</em> <a
href="#anchor-1462">19.196</a>, <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1463">19.204</a>, <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1464">19.205</a>, <em>draw:text-areas</em> <a
href="#anchor-1465">19.220</a>, <em>draw:text-path</em> <a
href="#anchor-1466">19.221</a>, <em>draw:text-path-allowed</em> <a
href="#anchor-1467">19.222</a>, <em>draw:text-path-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1468">19.223</a>,
<em>draw:text-path-same-letter-heights</em> <a
href="#anchor-1469">19.224</a>, <em>draw:text-path-scale</em> <a
href="#anchor-1470">19.225</a>, <em>draw:text-rotate-angle</em> <a
href="#anchor-1471">19.226</a>, <em>draw:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1286">19.229</a> and <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-draw:equation">10.2.5</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawhandle"><span id="anchor-1473"></span><span
id="anchor-1472"></span>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> element represents a single
interaction handle for a drawing shape.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:handle-mirror-horizontal</em> <a
href="#anchor-1474">19.176</a>, <em>draw:handle-mirror-vertical</em> <a
href="#anchor-1475">19.177</a>, <em>draw:handle-polar</em> <a
href="#anchor-1476">19.178</a>, <em>draw:handle-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-1477">19.179</a>,
<em>draw:handle-radius-range-maximum</em> <a
href="#anchor-1478">19.180</a>,
<em>draw:handle-radius-range-minimum</em> <a
href="#anchor-1479">19.181</a>, <em>draw:handle-range-x-maximum</em> <a
href="#anchor-1480">19.182</a>, <em>draw:handle-range-x-minimum</em> <a
href="#anchor-1481">19.183</a>, <em>draw:handle-range-y-maximum</em> <a
href="#anchor-1482">19.184</a>, <em>draw:handle-range-y-minimum</em> <a
href="#anchor-1483">19.185</a> and <em>draw:handle-switched</em> <a
href="#anchor-1484">19.186</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="presentation-shapes"><span id="anchor-1485"></span>Presentation
Shapes</h2>
<p>Presentation shapes are shapes on a draw page that are part of a
presentation page layout <a href="#anchor-198">16.43</a> element. They
use styles with a style family value of presentation <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, unlike drawing shapes which use styles
with a style family value of graphic <a href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>.
Presentation shapes can be empty, acting only as placeholders. If a draw
page's presentation layout is changed, all presentation shapes contained
in that draw page are adapted automatically.</p>
<p>Standard drawing shapes can also be used in presentations. The
<em>presentation:class</em> <a href="#anchor-1295">19.393</a> attribute
distinguishes presentation shapes from drawing shapes. Unlike
presentation shapes, standard drawing shapes are not adapted if the
presentation page layout is changed.</p>
<h2 id="presentation-animations"><span
id="anchor-1486"></span>Presentation Animations</h2>
<h3 id="presentationanimations"><span id="anchor-1487"></span><span
id="anchor-1229"></span>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> element is a container
for animation effects. Animation effects are executed when a page
represented by a <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> element containing this element is
displayed.</p>
<p>A single shape may be the subject of multiple effects. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1488">10.8.9</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1489">10.8.7</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1490">10.8.5</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1491">10.8.6</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1492">10.8.8</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1493">10.8.3</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1494">10.8.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationsound"><span id="anchor-1495"></span><span
id="element-presentation:sound"></span>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> element represents a
sound.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1489">10.8.7</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1490">10.8.5</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1491">10.8.6</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1493">10.8.3</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1494">10.8.4</a> and
<em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>presentation:play-full</em> <a
href="#anchor-1497">19.412</a>, <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a
href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>, <em>xlink:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-266">19.917</a>, <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="presentationshow-shape"><span id="anchor-1498"></span><span
id="anchor-1493"></span>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em> element specifies when
and how a shape becomes visible. Prior to execution of the effect
defined by this element the shape is invisible.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1488">10.8.9</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1229">10.8.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>draw:shape-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1499">19.210</a>, <em>presentation:delay</em> <a
href="#anchor-1500">19.395</a>, <em>presentation:direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-1501">19.396</a>, <em>presentation:effect</em> <a
href="#anchor-1502">19.398</a>, <em>presentation:path-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1503">19.409</a>, <em>presentation:speed</em> <a
href="#anchor-1504">19.421</a> and <em>presentation:start-scale</em> <a
href="#anchor-1505">19.422</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationshow-text-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-1506"></span><span
id="anchor-1494"></span>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt; (deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> element specifies when
and how the text within a shape becomes visible. Prior to execution of
the effect defined by this element the shape and the text it contains
are invisible. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1488">10.8.9</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1229">10.8.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:shape-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1499">19.210</a>,
<em>presentation:delay</em> <a href="#anchor-1500">19.395</a>,
<em>presentation:direction</em> <a href="#anchor-1501">19.396</a>,
<em>presentation:effect</em> <a href="#anchor-1502">19.398</a>,
<em>presentation:path-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1503">19.409</a>,
<em>presentation:speed</em> <a href="#anchor-1504">19.421</a> and
<em>presentation:start-scale</em> <a href="#anchor-1505">19.422</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationhide-shape"><span id="anchor-1507"></span><span
id="anchor-1490"></span>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em> element specifies when
and how a shape becomes invisible. Prior to execution of the effect
defined by this element the shape is visible.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1488">10.8.9</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1229">10.8.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>draw:shape-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1499">19.210</a>, <em>presentation:delay</em> <a
href="#anchor-1500">19.395</a>, <em>presentation:direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-1501">19.396</a>, <em>presentation:effect</em> <a
href="#anchor-1502">19.398</a>, <em>presentation:path-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1503">19.409</a>, <em>presentation:speed</em> <a
href="#anchor-1504">19.421</a> and <em>presentation:start-scale</em> <a
href="#anchor-1505">19.422</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationhide-text"><span id="anchor-1508"></span><span
id="anchor-1491"></span>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> element specifies when
and how the text within a shape becomes invisible. Prior to execution of
the effect specified by this element the shape and the text it contains
are visible. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1488">10.8.9</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1229">10.8.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:shape-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1499">19.210</a>,
<em>presentation:delay</em> <a href="#anchor-1500">19.395</a>,
<em>presentation:direction</em> <a href="#anchor-1501">19.396</a>,
<em>presentation:effect</em> <a href="#anchor-1502">19.398</a>,
<em>presentation:path-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1503">19.409</a>,
<em>presentation:speed</em> <a href="#anchor-1504">19.421</a> and
<em>presentation:start-scale</em> <a href="#anchor-1505">19.422</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationdim"><span id="anchor-1509"></span><span
id="anchor-1489"></span>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</em> element specifies a fill color
for a shape.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1488">10.8.9</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1229">10.8.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:color</em> <a href="#anchor-1510">19.122</a> and
<em>draw:shape-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1499">19.210</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationplay"><span id="anchor-1511"></span><span
id="anchor-1492"></span>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</em> element specifies the
presentation speed of animation of a shape. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1488">10.8.9</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1229">10.8.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:shape-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1499">19.210</a> and
<em>presentation:speed</em> <a href="#anchor-1504">19.421</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="presentationanimation-group"><span id="anchor-1512"></span><span
id="anchor-1488"></span>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em> element contains
elements that specify multiple animation effects. Containment results in
all effects occurring at the same time. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1229">10.8.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:animation-group&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1489">10.8.7</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1490">10.8.5</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1491">10.8.6</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1492">10.8.8</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1493">10.8.3</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1494">10.8.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smil-presentation-animations"><span
id="anchor-1513"></span><span id="anchor-1213"></span>SMIL Presentation
Animations</h2>
<h3 id="general-44"><span id="anchor-1514"></span>General</h3>
<p>SMIL based shape animations are specified for presentation documents.
This type of animation can be used instead of that specified by
<em>&lt;presentation:animations&gt;</em> elements if elements for one of
the following items is required:</p>
<ul>
<li>Multiple animations per shape.</li>
<li>A mixture of animations starting on user interaction and starting
automatically per page.</li>
<li>Multiple animations running at the same time.</li>
<li>Additional effects ”programmed” in XML by combining animation
elements.</li>
<li>Document transformations to SVG.</li>
</ul>
<p>An <em>effect</em> is a combination of one or more animation elements
that animate a single shape and or a shape's paragraphs.</p>
<h3 id="presentationevent-listener"><span id="anchor-1515"></span><span
id="anchor-1329"></span>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt; </h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> element defines the
trigger for a presentation event.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>presentation:action</em> <a
href="#anchor-1516">19.391</a>, <em>presentation:direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-1501">19.396</a>, <em>presentation:effect</em> <a
href="#anchor-1502">19.398</a>, <em>presentation:speed</em> <a
href="#anchor-1504">19.421</a>, <em>presentation:start-scale</em> <a
href="#anchor-1505">19.422</a>, <em>presentation:verb</em> <a
href="#anchor-1517">19.432</a>, <em>script:event-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1518">19.433</a>, <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a
href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>, <em>xlink:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentation-document-content"><span
id="anchor-1519"></span>Presentation Document Content</h3>
<h4 id="presentationheader"><span id="anchor-1520"></span><span
id="anchor-328"></span>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> element defines a field that
contains a header for a presentation. Which header field declaration is
used is specified by the <em>presentation:use-header-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1202">19.430</a> attribute of the
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> where the
field occurs. In a presentation shape inside a master page <a
href="#anchor-1295">19.393</a>, the
<em>presentation:use-header-name</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element for which the drawing shape is
displayed is used. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This field is mainly used inside master pages. Since its value
may differ for the individual drawing pages that make use of a master
page, the current field value is not available.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="presentationheader-decl"><span id="anchor-1521"></span><span
id="anchor-145"></span>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</em> element specifies the
text of a header field.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>presentation:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1522">19.405</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h4 id="presentationfooter"><span id="anchor-1523"></span><span
id="anchor-327"></span>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> element defines a field that
contains a footer for a presentation. Footer fields display a footer
text specified in a footer field declaration. See <a
href="#anchor-144">10.9.3.4</a>. Which footer field declaration is used
is specified by the <em>presentation:use-footer-name</em> attribute of
the draw page where the field occurs. In a presentation drawing shape
inside a master page <a href="#anchor-1295">19.393</a>, the
<em>presentation:use-footer-name</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> for which the drawing shape is displayed is
used.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This field is mainly used inside master pages. Since its value
may differ for the individual drawing pages that make use of a master
page, the current field value is not available.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="presentationfooter-decl"><span id="anchor-1524"></span><span
id="anchor-144"></span>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</em> element specifies the
text of a footer field.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>presentation:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1522">19.405</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h4 id="presentationdate-time"><span id="anchor-1525"></span><span
id="anchor-326"></span>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> element defines a field
that contains a date/time text for a presentation. Date/time fields
display a date/time text as specified in the date/time field
declaration. See <a href="#anchor-143">10.9.3.6</a>. Which date/time
field declaration is used is specified by the
<em>presentation:use-date-time-name</em> attribute of the draw page
where the field occurs. In a presentation drawing shape inside a master
page <a href="#anchor-1295">19.393</a>, the
<em>presentation:use-date-time-name</em> attribute of the drawing page
for which the drawing shape is displayed is used. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This field is mainly used inside master pages. Since its value
may differ for the individual drawing pages that make use of a master
page, the current field value is not available.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h4 id="presentationdate-time-decl"><span id="anchor-1526"></span><span
id="anchor-143"></span>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> element specifies
the text of a date/time field.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>presentation:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1522">19.405</a>, <em>presentation:source</em> <a
href="#anchor-1527">19.420</a> and <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> element has
character data content.</p>
<h4 id="presentationsettings"><span id="anchor-1528"></span><span
id="anchor-146"></span>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> element is a container for
the settings for a presentation in a document. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>presentation:animations</em> <a
href="#anchor-1529">19.392</a>, <em>presentation:endless</em> <a
href="#anchor-1530">19.397</a>, <em>presentation:force-manual</em> <a
href="#anchor-1531">19.399</a>, <em>presentation:full-screen</em> <a
href="#anchor-1532">19.400</a>, <em>presentation:mouse-as-pen</em> <a
href="#anchor-1533">19.403</a>, <em>presentation:mouse-visible</em> <a
href="#anchor-1534">19.404</a>, <em>presentation:pause</em> <a
href="#anchor-1535">19.410</a>, <em>presentation:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-1536">19.417</a>,
<em>presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide</em> <a
href="#anchor-1537">19.418</a>, <em>presentation:show-logo</em> <a
href="#anchor-1538">19.419</a>, <em>presentation:start-page</em> <a
href="#anchor-1539">19.423</a>,
<em>presentation:start-with-navigator</em> <a
href="#anchor-1540">19.424</a>, <em>presentation:stay-on-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-1541">19.425</a> and
<em>presentation:transition-on-click</em> <a
href="#anchor-1542">19.427</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1543">10.9.3.8</a>.</p>
<h4 id="presentationshow"><span id="anchor-1544"></span><span
id="anchor-1543"></span>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</h4>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</em> element specifies the order in
which pages are displayed during a presentation. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The order of pages can be used to omit or repeat pages in a
presentation.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>presentation:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1522">19.405</a>
and <em>presentation:pages</em> <a href="#anchor-1545">19.408</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h1 id="chart-content"><span id="anchor-1546"></span><span
id="Chart Content"></span>Chart Content</h1>
<h2 id="chartchart"><span id="anchor-1547"></span><span
id="anchor-153"></span>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> element represents a chart. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:class</em> <a href="#anchor-1548">19.15</a>,
<em>chart:column-mapping</em> <a href="#anchor-1549">19.16</a>,
<em>chart:row-mapping</em> <a href="#anchor-1550">19.26</a>,
<em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>,
<em>svg:height</em> <a href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>,
<em>svg:width</em> <a href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a> and <em>xml:id</em>
<a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-434">11.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>, <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>, <em>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-437">11.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-438">11.2.1</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="title-subtitle-and-footer"><span id="anchor-1552"></span>Title,
Subtitle and Footer</h2>
<h3 id="charttitle"><span id="anchor-1553"></span><span
id="anchor-438"></span>&lt;chart:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> element represents a title in a
chart document. </p>
<p>The text of a title is specified by a child <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em>
element or a <em>table:cell-range</em> attribute. If a child
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element and a <em>table:cell-range</em>
attribute are both present, the text specified by the
<em>table:cell-range</em> attribute is used as the title. By default,
the content of a child <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element is displayed as
the title. </p>
<p>This element can also be a sub-element of
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em>. <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> In that
case the title is displayed beside the axis specified by the
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> and <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>,
<em>svg:x</em> <a href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a> and <em>table:cell-range</em> <a
href="#anchor-1555">19.596</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartsubtitle"><span id="anchor-1556"></span><span
id="anchor-437"></span>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</em> element represents a subtitle for
a chart.</p>
<p>The text of a subtitle is specified by a child
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element or a <em>table:cell-range</em>
attribute. If a child <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element and a
<em>table:cell-range</em> attribute are both present, the text specified
by the <em>table:cell-range</em> attribute is used as the subtitle. By
default, the content of a child <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element is
displayed as the title. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>,
<em>svg:x</em> <a href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a> and <em>table:cell-range</em> <a
href="#anchor-1555">19.596</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartfooter"><span id="anchor-1557"></span><span
id="anchor-434"></span>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</em> element represents a footer below a
chart's plot area.</p>
<p>The text of a footer is specified by a child <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em>
element or a <em>table:cell-range</em> attribute. If a child
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element and a <em>table:cell-range</em>
attribute are both present, the text specified by the
<em>table:cell-range</em> attribute is used as the footer. By default,
the content of a child <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element is displayed as
the footer. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>,
<em>svg:x</em> <a href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a> and <em>table:cell-range</em> <a
href="#anchor-1555">19.596</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartcoordinate-region"><span id="anchor-1558"></span><span
id="element-chart:coordinate-region"></span>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> element specifies a
positioning rectangle.</p>
<p>For charts with a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, the
used intervals on the axes span a rectangular coordinate-region. Axis
labels, tick marks, axis titles and data labels are not considered in
determining the coordinate-region. The coordinate system is scaled so
that the coordinate-region matches width and height of the positioning
rectangle. The entire chart is located so that the coordinate-region
matches the positioning rectangle.<span id="anchor-1559"></span></p>
<p><span id="anchor-1560"></span>Charts of the predefined classes
chart:radar, chart:filled-radar, chart:circle and chart:ring do not have
a Cartesian coordinate system. For such charts the smallest bounding
circle is considered ignoring all axis labels, tick marks, axis titles
and data labels. The rectangular bounding box of this circle is the
coordinate-region. Where single data points have a
<em>chart:pie-offset</em> greater than zero that offset shall not
contribute to an expansion of the coordinate-region; thus a pulled out
pie segment is allowed to protrude from the coordinate-region. A
<em>chart:pie-offset</em> at the series element in contrast shall
contribute to the coordinate region.<span id="anchor-1561"></span></p>
<p><span id="anchor-1562"></span>Circle or ring or the polar coordinate
system of radar-charts respectively is uniformly scaled so that the
coordinate-region has maximal size, but does not exceed the size of the
positioning rectangle. The entire chart is located so that the
coordinate-region is centered in the positioning rectangle. Producers
should specify a square positioning rectangle for charts of these
classes.<span id="anchor-1563"></span></p>
<p><span id="anchor-1564"></span>The behavior for the three-dimensional
charts is described in section 11.5<span id="anchor-1565"></span>.</p>
<p><span id="anchor-1566"></span>The behavior is implementation-defined
for charts of non-predefined chart classes, which have no Cartesian
coordinate system.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a> and <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="chartlegend"><span id="anchor-1567"></span><span
id="anchor-436"></span>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> element represents a legend for a
chart. If there is no <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> element for a chart,
no legend is displayed. </p>
<p>A legend contains a list of legend entries. Each entry consists of a
graphical entry key and an entry text. </p>
<p>For circle and ring charts each legend entry represents an individual
data point of the first series. The graphical entry key represents the
visual appearance of a data point while the entry text is the category
of the point.</p>
<p>The categories to use are given as a list of labels defined by the
<em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a>
element at the x-axis. They are paired with matching data points in the
order in which they appear. </p>
<p>For surface charts each graphic entry key represents the graphical
appearance of the surface within a major interval of the altitude axis
and the entry text represents the value range of that interval.</p>
<p>For all other chart types the legend entries represent the series of
the chart. The graphical entry keys represent the visual appearance of
each series while the entry texts contain the names of the series. </p>
<p>The legend may include additional entries for regression-curves and
mean-value lines. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> element may contain a
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element. If present, it defines a title for the
legend.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:legend-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-1569">19.22</a>, <em>chart:legend-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-1570">19.23</a>, <em>chart:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>, <em>style:legend-expansion</em> <a
href="#anchor-1571">19.494</a>,
<em>style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio</em> <a
href="#anchor-1572">19.495</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a> and <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartplot-area"><span id="anchor-1573"></span><span
id="anchor-1409"></span>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element represents a coordinate
system in which data is plotted including defined axes.</p>
<p>The plot area may be displayed as a 3D scene as specified in section
<a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>. All 3D attributes that can be applied
to the <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> element can be applied to the
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element. This includes the
<em>dr3d:transform</em> attribute that specifies the rotation of the
three-dimensional plot area. <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a> The
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element may contain a
<em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> element as specified in section <a
href="#anchor-1405">10.5.3</a>.<span id="anchor-1574"></span></p>
<p><span id="anchor-1575"></span>The <em>svg:x</em>, <em>svg:y</em>,
<em>svg:width</em> and <em>svg:height</em> attributes specify together a
positioning rectangle that serves as the viewport for the projection of
the scene. Consumers shall use uniform scaling, so that the projection
has maximal size but does not exceed the size of the positioning
rectangle. The projection of the scene is centered inside the
positioning rectangle.<span id="anchor-1576"></span></p>
<p><span id="anchor-1577"></span>If a <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em>
element contains a <em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> element, the
position and size values of the <em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em>
element are used instead of those from the
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> to determine the positioning
rectangle.</p>
<p>If the attributes <em>chart:auto-position</em> and
<em>chart:auto-size</em> within a chart style applied to the
<em>chart:plot-area</em> have the value true, all positioning attributes
including those within child element
<em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> shall be ignored.<span
id="anchor-1578"></span></p>
<p><span id="anchor-1579"></span>For three-dimensional charts of classes
chart:circle and chart:ring the content is extruded. The bounding box as
described in <a href="#element-chart:coordinate-region">11.3</a> is
extruded the same way and used instead of the entire scene to position
and scale the projection.<span id="anchor-1580"></span></p>
<p><span id="anchor-1581"></span>For charts with a three-dimensional
Cartesian coordinate system, the used intervals on the axes generate a
cuboid. This is used instead of the entire scene to position and scale
the projection.<span id="anchor-1582"></span></p>
<p><span id="anchor-1583"></span>For other three-dimensional charts the
behavior is implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:data-source-has-labels</em> <a
href="#anchor-1584">19.17</a>, <em>chart:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>, <em>dr3d:ambient-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-1392">19.92</a>, <em>dr3d:distance</em> <a
href="#anchor-1393">19.96</a>, <em>dr3d:focal-length</em> <a
href="#anchor-1394">19.98</a>, <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1395">19.99</a>, <em>dr3d:projection</em> <a
href="#anchor-1396">19.102</a>, <em>dr3d:shade-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1397">19.103</a>, <em>dr3d:shadow-slant</em> <a
href="#anchor-1398">19.104</a>, <em>dr3d:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1399">19.107</a>, <em>dr3d:vpn</em> <a
href="#anchor-1400">19.108</a>, <em>dr3d:vrp</em> <a
href="#anchor-1401">19.109</a>, <em>dr3d:vup</em> <a
href="#anchor-1402">19.110</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-955">19.597</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-chart:coordinate-region">11.3</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1585">11.8</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1587">11.20</a>, <em>&lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1588">11.21</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1589">11.22</a>, <em>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1590">11.7</a> and <em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1405">10.5.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="d-plot-area"><span id="anchor-1591"></span>3D Plot Area</h2>
<p>The plot area may be displayed as an 3D scene as specified in section
<a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>. All 3D attributes that can be applied
to the <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> element can be applied to the
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element. This includes the
<em>dr3d:transform</em> attribute that specifies the rotation of the
three-dimensional plot area. <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a> The
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element may contain a
<em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> element as specified in section <a
href="#anchor-1405">10.5.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartwall"><span id="anchor-1592"></span><span
id="anchor-1590"></span>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</em> element specifies the wall of a
chart. For two-dimensional charts, the wall spans the entire plot area.
For three-dimensional charts, the wall consists of two perpendicular
rectangles.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute specifies the thickness of a wall
for three-dimensional charts.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a> and
<em>svg:width</em> <a href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="chartfloor"><span id="anchor-1593"></span><span
id="anchor-1585"></span>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</em> element specifies the floor of a
chart. For three-dimensional charts, the <em>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</em>
element shall be present in addition to the <em>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</em>
element. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute specifies the thickness of the
floor.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>
and <em>svg:width</em> <a href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="chartaxis"><span id="anchor-1594"></span><span
id="anchor-1554"></span>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> element specifies an axis for a
chart.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>chart:dimension</em> <a href="#anchor-1595">19.18</a>,
<em>chart:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1596">19.24</a> and
<em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a>, <em>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1597">11.11</a> and <em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-438">11.2.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartcategories"><span id="anchor-1598"></span><span
id="anchor-1568"></span>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> element represents labels that
are displayed on a category-axis.</p>
<p>This element may have a <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute
that specifies a range from which category labels are taken. If this
attribute or the <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> element itself is
omitted, the <em>chart:data-source-has-labels</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element should be evaluated for labels
to display on a category-axis.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-955">19.597</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="chartgrid"><span id="anchor-1599"></span><span
id="anchor-1597"></span>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</em> element specifies a grid for an axis.
</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>chart:class</em> <a href="#anchor-1548">19.15</a> and
<em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="chartseries"><span id="anchor-1600"></span><span
id="anchor-1586"></span>&lt;chart:series&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element represents a data series in
a chart. If the chart requires more input data, it is the case for
scatter and bubble charts, <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> sub-elements
shall be defined that contain the cell range addresses of the
corresponding data.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:attached-axis</em> <a
href="#anchor-1601">19.13</a>, <em>chart:class</em> <a
href="#anchor-1548">19.15</a>, <em>chart:label-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1602">19.21</a>, <em>chart:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>, <em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em>
<a href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-432">11.15</a>, <em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a>, <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1605">11.13</a>, <em>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1606">11.17</a>, <em>&lt;chart:mean-value&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1607">11.16</a> and
<em>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1608">11.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartdomain"><span id="anchor-1609"></span><span
id="anchor-1605"></span>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element specifies coordinate values
required by particular chart types.</p>
<p>For scatter charts, one <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element shall
exist. Its <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute references the
x-coordinate values for the scatter chart.</p>
<p>For bubble charts, two <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> elements shall
exist. The values for the y-coordinates are given by the first
<em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element. The values for the x-coordinates
are given by the second <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>For surface charts, up to two <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> elements
are allowed to exist. The values for the y-coordinates are given by the
first <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element. The values for the
x-coordinates are given by the second <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em>
element. </p>
<p>At least one <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element of a given
<em>chart:class</em> shall have the necessary number of
<em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> sub-elements. All other
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> elements with the same
<em>chart:class</em> may omit the <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em>
sub-elements and use the previously-defined values for the same
<em>chart:class</em> value. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-955">19.597</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="chartdata-point"><span id="anchor-1610"></span><span
id="anchor-1604"></span>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> element specifies a style for a
single data point in a data series.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This element would typically be used if a single data point has
a special or distinct appearance.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:repeated</em> <a href="#anchor-1611">19.25</a>,
<em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-432">11.15</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartdata-label"><span id="anchor-1612"></span><span
id="anchor-432"></span>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> element represents the data
label of a data point. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> element can also be a
sub-element of a data series. In that case, the data label serves as
default for all the data points of this series.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a> and <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>,
<em>svg:x</em> <a href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a> and <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartmean-value"><span id="anchor-1613"></span><span
id="anchor-1607"></span>&lt;chart:mean-value&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:mean-value&gt;</em> element specifies a style for a
mean-value line.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:mean-value&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:mean-value&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>chart:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:mean-value&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="charterror-indicator"><span id="anchor-1614"></span><span
id="anchor-1606"></span>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt;</em> element specifies a style
for error indicators.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:dimension</em> <a href="#anchor-1595">19.18</a>
and <em>chart:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="chartregression-curve"><span id="anchor-1615"></span><span
id="anchor-1608"></span>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt;</em> element specifies the
properties of regression curves.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>chart:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-433">11.19</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartequation"><span id="anchor-1616"></span><span
id="anchor-433"></span>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> element represents the equation
for a containing regression curve. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1608">11.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:automatic-content</em> <a
href="#anchor-1617">19.14</a>, <em>chart:display-equation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1618">19.19</a>, <em>chart:display-r-square</em> <a
href="#anchor-1619">19.20</a>, <em>chart:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a> and <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartstock-gain-marker"><span id="anchor-1620"></span><span
id="anchor-1587"></span>&lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt;</em> element specifies a
style for candlestick-bars in a stock chart that have a higher closing
value than opening value.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>chart:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="chartstock-loss-marker"><span id="anchor-1621"></span><span
id="anchor-1588"></span>&lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt;</em> element specifies the
style for candlestick-bars <a href="#anchor-1622">19.15.1</a> in a stock
chart that have a lower closing value than opening value.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>chart:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="chartstock-range-line"><span id="anchor-1623"></span><span
id="anchor-1589"></span>&lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt;</em> element specifies a style
for the range-lines <a href="#anchor-1622">19.15.1</a> in a stock chart.
A range-line is a line connecting the minimum value with the maximum
value.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>chart:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1551">19.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h1 id="database-front-end-document-content"><span
id="anchor-1624"></span>Database Front-end Document Content</h1>
<h2 id="officedatabase"><span id="anchor-1625"></span><span
id="anchor-36"></span>&lt;office:database&gt;</h2>
<p>A <em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> element is a container of database
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-29">3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1626">12.2</a>, <em>&lt;db:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-664">12.25.2</a>, <em>&lt;db:queries&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1627">12.26</a>, <em>&lt;db:reports&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-665">12.25.3</a>, <em>&lt;db:schema-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1628">12.36</a> and
<em>&lt;db:table-representations&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1629">12.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdata-source"><span id="anchor-1630"></span><span
id="anchor-1626"></span>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</h2>
<p>A <em>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</em> element is a container for data
source specific elements that are needed to create a connection to a
database.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-36">12.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>, <em>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1632">12.3</a> and <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1633">12.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbconnection-data"><span id="anchor-1634"></span><span
id="anchor-1632"></span>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</em> element specifies the
information necessary to connect to a database.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1626">12.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1635">12.7</a>, <em>&lt;db:database-description&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1636">12.4</a> and <em>&lt;db:login&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1637">12.8</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdatabase-description"><span id="anchor-1638"></span><span
id="anchor-1636"></span>&lt;db:database-description&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:database-description&gt;</em> element specifies a
database resource by its type and access parameters.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:database-description&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1632">12.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:database-description&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:database-description&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1639">12.5</a> and <em>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1640">12.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbfile-based-database"><span id="anchor-1641"></span><span
id="anchor-1639"></span>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> element specifies a
database which is composed of one or more files in an arbitrary file
system.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;db:database-description&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1636">12.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:extension</em> <a href="#anchor-1642">19.52</a>,
<em>db:media-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1643">19.69</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbserver-database"><span id="anchor-1644"></span><span
id="anchor-1640"></span>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</em> element specifies connection
information for a server-based database. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:database-description&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1636">12.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:database-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1645">19.43</a>,
<em>db:hostname</em> <a href="#anchor-1646">19.54</a>,
<em>db:local-socket</em> <a href="#anchor-1647">19.67</a>,
<em>db:port</em> <a href="#anchor-1648">19.72</a> and <em>db:type</em>
<a href="#anchor-1649">19.85</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbconnection-resource"><span id="anchor-1650"></span><span
id="anchor-1635"></span>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em> element specifies a
database connection by an IRI.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1632">12.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="dblogin"><span id="anchor-1651"></span><span
id="anchor-1637"></span>&lt;db:login&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:login&gt;</em> element specifies the information
needed to establish a connection to a database.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: For security reasons, the <em>&lt;db:login&gt;</em> element
does not have an attribute to store a password that may be required to
establish a connection. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:login&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;db:connection-data&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1632">12.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:login&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>db:is-password-required</em> <a href="#anchor-1652">19.63</a>,
<em>db:login-timeout</em> <a href="#anchor-1653">19.61</a>,
<em>db:use-system-user</em> <a href="#anchor-1654">19.89</a> and
<em>db:user-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1655">19.90</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:login&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbdriver-settings"><span id="anchor-1656"></span><span
id="anchor-1633"></span>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> element specifies settings
for a driver establishing the database connection.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1626">12.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:base-dn</em> <a href="#anchor-1657">19.35</a>,
<em>db:is-first-row-header-line</em> <a href="#anchor-1658">19.60</a>,
<em>db:parameter-name-substitution</em> <a
href="#anchor-1659">19.71</a>, <em>db:show-deleted</em> <a
href="#anchor-1660">19.78</a> and <em>db:system-driver-settings</em> <a
href="#anchor-1661">19.82</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;db:auto-increment&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1662">12.10</a>, <em>&lt;db:character-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1663">12.12</a>, <em>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1664">12.11</a> and <em>&lt;db:table-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1665">12.13</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbauto-increment"><span id="anchor-1666"></span><span
id="anchor-1662"></span>&lt;db:auto-increment&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:auto-increment&gt;</em> element specifies SQL
statements to retrieve auto-generated row values and to set
AUTO_INCREMENT values for columns. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:auto-increment&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1633">12.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:auto-increment&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:additional-column-statement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1667">19.31</a> and <em>db:row-retrieving-statement</em>
<a href="#anchor-1668">19.75</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:auto-increment&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbdelimiter"><span id="anchor-1669"></span><span
id="anchor-1664"></span>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</em> element defines a delimiter for
parsing data.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1633">12.9</a> and <em>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1670">12.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:decimal</em> <a href="#anchor-1671">19.44</a>,
<em>db:field</em> <a href="#anchor-1672">19.53</a>, <em>db:string</em>
<a href="#anchor-1673">19.79</a> and <em>db:thousand</em> <a
href="#anchor-1674">19.83</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbcharacter-set"><span id="anchor-1675"></span><span
id="anchor-1663"></span>&lt;db:character-set&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:character-set&gt;</em> element defines the text
encoding that is used to transform string data obtained from a
database.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:character-set&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1633">12.9</a> and <em>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1670">12.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:character-set&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>db:encoding</em> <a href="#anchor-1676">19.50</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:character-set&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-settings"><span id="anchor-1677"></span><span
id="anchor-1665"></span>&lt;db:table-settings&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-settings&gt;</em> element is a container for
<em>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-settings&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1633">12.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-settings&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-settings&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1670">12.14</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-setting"><span id="anchor-1678"></span><span
id="anchor-1670"></span>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</em> element specifies driver-level
settings which are used by a database driver for defining a single
database table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:table-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1665">12.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:is-first-row-header-line</em> <a
href="#anchor-1658">19.60</a> and <em>db:show-deleted</em> <a
href="#anchor-1660">19.78</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;db:character-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1663">12.12</a> and <em>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1664">12.11</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbapplication-connection-settings"><span
id="anchor-1679"></span><span
id="anchor-1631"></span>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em> element
specifies settings which define how a consumer uses a database
connection.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element: <em>&lt;db:data-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1626">12.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em> element has
the following attributes: <em>db:append-table-alias-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1680">19.32</a>, <em>db:boolean-comparison-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1681">19.36</a>, <em>db:enable-sql92-check</em> <a
href="#anchor-1682">19.49</a>, <em>db:ignore-driver-privileges</em> <a
href="#anchor-1683">19.55</a>, <em>db:is-table-name-length-limited</em>
<a href="#anchor-1684">19.66</a>, <em>db:max-row-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-1685">19.68</a>, <em>db:suppress-version-columns</em> <a
href="#anchor-1686">19.81</a> and <em>db:use-catalog</em> <a
href="#anchor-1687">19.88</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em> element has
the following child elements: <em>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1688">12.22</a>, <em>&lt;db:table-filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1689">12.16</a> and <em>&lt;db:table-type-filter&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1690">12.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-filter"><span id="anchor-1691"></span><span
id="anchor-1689"></span>&lt;db:table-filter&gt;</h2>
<p>A <em>&lt;db:table-filter&gt;</em> element defines a list of filter
patterns which are applied on the table names returned by a database.
Only tables which match at least one include filter, and do not match
any exclude filter, will be displayed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-filter&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-filter&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-filter&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1692">12.18</a> and
<em>&lt;db:table-include-filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1693">12.17</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-include-filter"><span id="anchor-1694"></span><span
id="anchor-1693"></span>&lt;db:table-include-filter&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-include-filter&gt;</em> element specifies a list
of filter patterns which determine inclusion of tables in a consumer's
table display.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-include-filter&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;db:table-filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1689">12.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-include-filter&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-include-filter&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1695">12.19</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-exclude-filter"><span id="anchor-1696"></span><span
id="anchor-1692"></span>&lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt;</em> element specifies a list
of filter patterns which determine exclusion of tables in a consumer's
table display.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;db:table-filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1689">12.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1695">12.19</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-filter-pattern"><span id="anchor-1697"></span><span
id="anchor-1695"></span>&lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt;</em> element specifies a
filter pattern. </p>
<p>The “%” (U+0025. PERCENT SIGN) character is used as wildcard.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;db:table-exclude-filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1692">12.18</a> and
<em>&lt;db:table-include-filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1693">12.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-filter-pattern&gt;</em> element has content of
data type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-type-filter"><span id="anchor-1698"></span><span
id="anchor-1690"></span>&lt;db:table-type-filter&gt;</h2>
<p>A <em>&lt;db:table-type-filter&gt;</em> element defines a list of
table types which a database uses to filter tables. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-type-filter&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element:
<em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-type-filter&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-type-filter&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;db:table-type&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1699">12.21</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-type"><span id="anchor-1700"></span><span
id="anchor-1699"></span>&lt;db:table-type&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-type&gt;</em> element specifies a table type.
</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Table types are database-specific.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-type&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:table-type-filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1690">12.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-type&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-type&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-type&gt;</em> element has content of data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdata-source-settings"><span id="anchor-1701"></span><span
id="anchor-1688"></span>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</em> element is a container
element for <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element:
<em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1702">12.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdata-source-setting"><span id="anchor-1703"></span><span
id="anchor-1702"></span>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> element specifies the
name of a data-source-setting, a data-source-setting type, and whether a
data-source-setting contains a list of data or single data.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1688">12.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:data-source-setting-is-list</em> <a
href="#anchor-1704">19.39</a>, <em>db:data-source-setting-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1705">19.40</a> and <em>db:data-source-setting-type</em>
<a href="#anchor-1706">19.41</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1707">12.24</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdata-source-setting-value"><span id="anchor-1708"></span><span
id="anchor-1707"></span>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</em> element specifies
the content of a data-source-setting.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1702">12.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</em> element has content
of data type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="forms-and-reports"><span id="anchor-1709"></span>Forms and
Reports</h2>
<h3 id="general-45"><span id="anchor-1710"></span>General</h3>
<p>Database documents can contain forms and reports as sub-documents.
They're included in database front-end documents by XLinks.
Alternatively, the content of sub-documents may be included in the
<em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> elements as child elements.</p>
<h3 id="dbforms"><span id="anchor-1711"></span><span
id="anchor-664"></span>&lt;db:forms&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:forms&gt;</em> element may contain
<em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> or
<em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> elements or both. It specifies
a list of form documents and sub-collections. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:forms&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-36">12.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:forms&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:forms&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>
and <em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1712">12.25.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbreports"><span id="anchor-1713"></span><span
id="anchor-665"></span>&lt;db:reports&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:reports&gt;</em> element may contain
<em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> or
<em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> elements or both.  It specifies
a list of report documents and sub-collections. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:reports&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-36">12.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:reports&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:reports&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>
and <em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1712">12.25.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbcomponent-collection"><span id="anchor-1714"></span><span
id="anchor-1712"></span>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> element specifies a
collection of <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> elements and
<em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1712">12.25.4</a>, <em>&lt;db:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-664">12.25.2</a> and <em>&lt;db:reports&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-665">12.25.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>db:description</em> <a
href="#anchor-1715">19.48</a>, <em>db:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a> and <em>db:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1717">19.84</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a> and
<em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1712">12.25.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbcomponent"><span id="anchor-1718"></span><span
id="anchor-45"></span>&lt;db:component&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> element specifies a database
component which can be either a form or a report.</p>
<p>A database component is referenced using the <em>xlink:href</em>
attribute or it is contained in a child element of either a
<em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> or <em>&lt;math:math&gt;</em>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1712">12.25.4</a>, <em>&lt;db:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-664">12.25.2</a> and <em>&lt;db:reports&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-665">12.25.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:as-template</em> <a href="#anchor-1719">19.34</a>,
<em>db:description</em> <a href="#anchor-1715">19.48</a>,
<em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a>, <em>db:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1717">19.84</a>, <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a
href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>, <em>xlink:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;math:math&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-13">14.6</a> and
<em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbqueries"><span id="anchor-1720"></span><span
id="anchor-1627"></span>&lt;db:queries&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:queries&gt;</em> element may contain
<em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> or <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em>
elements or both.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:queries&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-36">12.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:queries&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:queries&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a> and
<em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1722">12.27</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbquery-collection"><span id="anchor-1723"></span><span
id="anchor-1722"></span>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em> element may contain
<em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> or <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em>
elements or both.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:queries&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1627">12.26</a> and <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1722">12.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:description</em> <a href="#anchor-1715">19.48</a>,
<em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a> and <em>db:title</em>
<a href="#anchor-1717">19.84</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a> and <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1722">12.27</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbquery"><span id="anchor-1724"></span><span
id="anchor-1721"></span>&lt;db:query&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> element specifies a database query.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:queries&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1627">12.26</a>
and <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1722">12.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>db:command</em> <a href="#anchor-1725">19.38</a>,
<em>db:default-row-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1726">19.46</a>,
<em>db:description</em> <a href="#anchor-1715">19.48</a>,
<em>db:escape-processing</em> <a href="#anchor-1727">19.51</a>,
<em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a>,
<em>db:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1728">19.80</a> and
<em>db:title</em> <a href="#anchor-1717">19.84</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;db:columns&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1729">12.34</a>,
<em>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1730">12.30</a>,
<em>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1731">12.29</a> and
<em>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1732">12.31</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dborder-statement"><span id="anchor-1733"></span><span
id="anchor-1731"></span>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</em> element specifies a sort
("ORDER BY") <a href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a> clause which is to be applied
on top of another <a href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a> statement producing a
result set.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a> and
<em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:apply-command</em> <a href="#anchor-1735">19.33</a>
and <em>db:command</em> <a href="#anchor-1725">19.38</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbfilter-statement"><span id="anchor-1736"></span><span
id="anchor-1730"></span>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</em> element specifies a filter
("WHERE") <a href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a> clause which is to be applied on
top of another <a href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a>-statement producing a
result set.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a> and
<em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:apply-command</em> <a href="#anchor-1735">19.33</a>
and <em>db:command</em> <a href="#anchor-1725">19.38</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbupdate-table"><span id="anchor-1737"></span><span
id="anchor-1732"></span>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</em> element specifies the name of
the table which will be updated when an UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE <a
href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a> statement is executed. It defines the table
which should be updated when a SELECT <a href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a>
statement contains more than one table. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:catalog-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1738">19.37</a>,
<em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a> and
<em>db:schema-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1739">19.77</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-representations"><span id="anchor-1740"></span><span
id="anchor-1629"></span>&lt;db:table-representations&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-representations&gt;</em> element specifies a
collection of tables.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-representations&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-36">12.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-representations&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-representations&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-representation"><span id="anchor-1741"></span><span
id="anchor-1734"></span>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</h2>
<p>A <em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> element specifies how a
consumer displays a table to the user.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;db:table-representations&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1629">12.32</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>db:catalog-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1738">19.37</a>, <em>db:default-row-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1726">19.46</a>, <em>db:description</em> <a
href="#anchor-1715">19.48</a>, <em>db:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a>, <em>db:schema-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1739">19.77</a>, <em>db:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1728">19.80</a> and <em>db:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1717">19.84</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;db:columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1729">12.34</a>, <em>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1730">12.30</a> and <em>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1731">12.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbcolumns"><span id="anchor-1742"></span><span
id="anchor-1729"></span>&lt;db:columns&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:columns&gt;</em> element is a collection of
<em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:columns&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a> and
<em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:columns&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:columns&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbcolumn"><span id="anchor-1744"></span><span
id="anchor-1743"></span>&lt;db:column&gt;</h2>
<p><span id="anchor-1745"></span>The <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> element
specifies settings for a column.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;db:columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1729">12.34</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>db:default-cell-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1746">19.45</a>,
<em>db:description</em> <a href="#anchor-1715">19.48</a>,
<em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a>,
<em>db:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1728">19.80</a>,
<em>db:title</em> <a href="#anchor-1717">19.84</a>, <em>db:visible</em>
<a href="#anchor-1747">19.91</a>, <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:currency</em> <a
href="#anchor-607">19.373</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>, <em>office:value-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbschema-definition"><span id="anchor-1748"></span><span
id="anchor-1628"></span>&lt;db:schema-definition&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:schema-definition&gt;</em> element specifies a
database schema. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:schema-definition&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;office:database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-36">12.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:schema-definition&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:schema-definition&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;db:table-definitions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1749">12.37</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-definitions"><span id="anchor-1750"></span><span
id="anchor-1749"></span>&lt;db:table-definitions&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-definitions&gt;</em> element is a container for
multiple <em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-definitions&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;db:schema-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1628">12.36</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-definitions&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-definitions&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1751">12.38</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtable-definition"><span id="anchor-1752"></span><span
id="anchor-1751"></span>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> element specifies the schema
of a single table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:table-definitions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1749">12.37</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:catalog-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1738">19.37</a>,
<em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a>,
<em>db:schema-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1739">19.77</a> and
<em>db:type</em> <a href="#anchor-1649">19.85</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;db:column-definitions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1753">12.39</a>, <em>&lt;db:indices&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1754">12.45</a> and <em>&lt;db:keys&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1755">12.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbcolumn-definitions"><span id="anchor-1756"></span><span
id="anchor-1753"></span>&lt;db:column-definitions&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column-definitions&gt;</em> element is a container for
<em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column-definitions&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1751">12.38</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column-definitions&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column-definitions&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbcolumn-definition"><span id="anchor-1758"></span><span
id="anchor-1757"></span>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> element defines a table
column. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;db:column-definitions&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1753">12.39</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:data-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1759">19.42</a>,
<em>db:is-autoincrement</em> <a href="#anchor-1760">19.57</a>,
<em>db:is-empty-allowed</em> <a href="#anchor-1761">19.59</a>,
<em>db:is-nullable</em> <a href="#anchor-1762">19.62</a>,
<em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a>, <em>db:precision</em>
<a href="#anchor-1763">19.65</a>, <em>db:scale</em> <a
href="#anchor-1764">19.76</a>, <em>db:type-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1765">19.86</a>, <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:currency</em> <a
href="#anchor-607">19.373</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>, <em>office:value-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbkeys"><span id="anchor-1766"></span><span
id="anchor-1755"></span>&lt;db:keys&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:keys&gt;</em> element is a container for one or more
<em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:keys&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1751">12.38</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:keys&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:keys&gt;</em> element has the following child element:
<em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1767">12.42</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbkey"><span id="anchor-1768"></span><span
id="anchor-1767"></span>&lt;db:key&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> element specifies a key for a table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;db:keys&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1755">12.41</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>db:delete-rule</em> <a href="#anchor-1769">19.47</a>,
<em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a>,
<em>db:referenced-table-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1770">19.73</a>,
<em>db:type</em> <a href="#anchor-1649">19.85</a> and
<em>db:update-rule</em> <a href="#anchor-1771">19.87</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> element has the following child element:
<em>&lt;db:key-columns&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1772">12.43</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbkey-columns"><span id="anchor-1773"></span><span
id="anchor-1772"></span>&lt;db:key-columns&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key-columns&gt;</em> element specifies the columns of
a key.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key-columns&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1767">12.42</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key-columns&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key-columns&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1774">12.44</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbkey-column"><span id="anchor-1775"></span><span
id="anchor-1774"></span>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</em> element specifies a description of
a column of a table key.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:key-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1772">12.43</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a> and
<em>db:related-column-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1776">19.74</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="dbindices"><span id="anchor-1777"></span><span
id="anchor-1754"></span>&lt;db:indices&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:indices&gt;</em> element defines the indexes of a
table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:indices&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1751">12.38</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:indices&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:indices&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;db:index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1778">12.46</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbindex"><span id="anchor-1779"></span><span
id="anchor-1778"></span>&lt;db:index&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index&gt;</em> element defines the characteristics of
a table index.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;db:indices&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1754">12.45</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>db:catalog-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1738">19.37</a>,
<em>db:is-clustered</em> <a href="#anchor-1780">19.58</a>,
<em>db:is-unique</em> <a href="#anchor-1781">19.64</a> and
<em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;db:index-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1782">12.47</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbindex-columns"><span id="anchor-1783"></span><span
id="anchor-1782"></span>&lt;db:index-columns&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index-columns&gt;</em> element specifies the columns
of a table index.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index-columns&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1778">12.46</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index-columns&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index-columns&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1784">12.48</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbindex-column"><span id="anchor-1785"></span><span
id="anchor-1784"></span>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</em> element specifies the
description of a column of a table index.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;db:index-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1782">12.47</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>db:is-ascending</em> <a href="#anchor-1786">19.56</a>
and <em>db:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1716">19.70</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h1 id="form-content"><span id="anchor-1787"></span><span
id="Form Content"></span>Form Content</h1>
<h2 id="general-46"><span id="anchor-1788"></span>General</h2>
<p>A form is a container for user-interface controls. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Buttons, text boxes, check boxes, and drop-down lists are user
interface controls that can be contained in a form. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>In the OpenDocument format, the following rules apply to user
interface controls and forms:</p>
<ul>
<li>All controls shall be located in a form. <a
href="#anchor-1789">13.5</a></li>
<li>All controls that are not hidden are assigned an absolute or
relative position. These visual aspects of a control are represented by
drawing shapes that contain a reference to the control.</li>
<li>Forms may be nested. The containing form provides a context for the
contained form.</li>
<li>Forms are not connected with the text flow and layout of a
document.</li>
<li>Forms can be data-aware. A form is data-aware if the values subject
to its controls are populated from and updated to a database.</li>
</ul>
<p>Form behavior is defined for submission and connection to a data
source only for forms defined by a <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em>
element.</p>
<p>The result set of values subject to the controls of the form is
defined by the <em>form:datasource</em>, <em>form:command</em>, and
<em>form:command-type</em> attributes. At any point in time, only one
row of the result set is subject to the forms controls. </p>
<p>Form behavior is not defined for forms defined by a
<em>&lt;xforms:model&gt;</em> element.</p>
<h2 id="officeforms"><span id="anchor-1790"></span><span
id="anchor-107"></span>&lt;office:forms&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> element is a container for
<em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> or <em>&lt;xforms:model&gt;</em> elements.
</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a> and <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:apply-design-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1791">19.250</a> and <em>form:automatic-focus</em> <a
href="#anchor-1792">19.253</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a> and
<em>&lt;xforms:model&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1793">13.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formform"><span id="anchor-1794"></span><span
id="anchor-667"></span>&lt;form:form&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> element specifies a user-interface
form and defines the contents and properties of the form.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a> and
<em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-107">13.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>form:allow-deletes</em> <a href="#anchor-1795">19.247</a>,
<em>form:allow-inserts</em> <a href="#anchor-1796">19.248</a>,
<em>form:allow-updates</em> <a href="#anchor-1797">19.249</a>,
<em>form:apply-filter</em> <a href="#anchor-1798">19.251</a>,
<em>form:command</em> <a href="#anchor-1799">19.256</a>,
<em>form:command-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1800">19.257</a>,
<em>form:control-implementation</em> <a href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>,
<em>form:datasource</em> <a href="#anchor-1802">19.264</a>,
<em>form:detail-fields</em> <a href="#anchor-1803">19.267</a>,
<em>form:enctype</em> <a href="#anchor-1804">19.271</a>,
<em>form:escape-processing</em> <a href="#anchor-1805">19.272</a>,
<em>form:filter</em> <a href="#anchor-1806">19.273</a>,
<em>form:ignore-result</em> <a href="#anchor-1807">19.277</a>,
<em>form:master-fields</em> <a href="#anchor-1808">19.287</a>,
<em>form:method</em> <a href="#anchor-1809">19.291</a>,
<em>form:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>,
<em>form:navigation-mode</em> <a href="#anchor-1811">19.295</a>,
<em>form:order</em> <a href="#anchor-1812">19.296</a>,
<em>form:tab-cycle</em> <a href="#anchor-1813">19.309</a>,
<em>office:target-frame</em> <a href="#anchor-1814">19.384</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>,
<em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-form:connection-resource">7.6.2</a>,
<em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>,
<em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>,
<em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>,
<em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>,
<em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1317">13.5.25</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a> and
<em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xformsmodel"><span id="anchor-1816"></span><span
id="XForms"></span><span id="XForms Model"></span><span
id="anchor-1793"></span>&lt;xforms:model&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;xforms:model&gt;</em> element implements <a
href="#nref-xforms">[XForms]</a> and is embedded in the
<em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> element. XForms consists of two major
parts, the XForms model which contains the form logic plus form data,
and XForms controls, which can be bound to a data model. </p>
<p>Controls defined by OpenDocument (see <a
href="#anchor-1817">13.5</a>) may be bound to an XForms model by an
<em>xforms:bind</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;xforms:model&gt;</em> element has the attributes and
content defined in §3.3.1 of <a href="#nref-xforms">[XForms]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;xforms:model&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-107">13.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="controls"><span id="anchor-1789"></span><span
id="anchor-1817"></span>Controls</h2>
<h3 id="general-47"><span id="anchor-1818"></span>General</h3>
<p>Controls are used to interact with forms. Each control in a form is
identified by a name. The name of a control need not be unique in a
form.</p>
<p>Controls are connected to the surrounding document (and its text
flow, if applicable) by binding them to a shape that acts as a
placeholder for the control. <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a></p>
<p>In addition to the attributes defined in this standard, controls may
have implementation-dependent attributes. Those attributes are stored in
a <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> element in each control. Control
events are specified in a <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
element.</p>
<h3 id="formtext"><span id="anchor-1819"></span><span
id="anchor-1326"></span>&lt;form:text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> element defines a control for
displaying and inputting text on a single line.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a> and <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>form:control-implementation</em> <a href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>,
<em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> <a href="#anchor-1821">19.259</a>,
<em>form:current-value</em> <a href="#anchor-1822">19.262</a>,
<em>form:data-field</em> <a href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>,
<em>form:disabled</em> <a href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>,
<em>form:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>,
<em>form:linked-cell</em> <a href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>,
<em>form:max-length</em> <a href="#anchor-1827">19.288</a>,
<em>form:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>,
<em>form:printable</em> <a href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>,
<em>form:readonly</em> <a href="#anchor-1829">19.301</a>,
<em>form:tab-index</em> <a href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>,
<em>form:tab-stop</em> <a href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>,
<em>form:title</em> <a href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>,
<em>form:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>,
<em>xforms:bind</em> <a href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formtextarea"><span id="anchor-1835"></span><span
id="anchor-439"></span>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> element defines a control for
displaying and inputting text on multiple lines.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> element may be used with
plain-text values (specified by the <em>form:current-value</em>
attribute) as well as with formatted text (specified as paragraph
content). If both a <em>form:current-value</em> attribute and one or
more <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> elements are present, it is
implementation-dependent which text is used.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a> and <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> <a
href="#anchor-1821">19.259</a>, <em>form:current-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1822">19.262</a>, <em>form:data-field</em> <a
href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>, <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:linked-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>, <em>form:max-length</em> <a
href="#anchor-1827">19.288</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:readonly</em> <a
href="#anchor-1829">19.301</a>, <em>form:tab-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>, <em>form:tab-stop</em> <a
href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>form:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a>, <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formpassword"><span id="anchor-1836"></span><span
id="anchor-1324"></span>&lt;form:password&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> element defines a control that
uses an echo character to hide password input by a user.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> <a
href="#anchor-1821">19.259</a>, <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>, <em>form:echo-char</em> <a
href="#anchor-1837">19.270</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:linked-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>, <em>form:max-length</em> <a
href="#anchor-1827">19.288</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:tab-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>, <em>form:tab-stop</em> <a
href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>form:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formfile"><span id="anchor-1838"></span><span
id="anchor-1313"></span>&lt;form:file&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> element defines a control for
selecting a file.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>form:control-implementation</em> <a href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>,
<em>form:current-value</em> <a href="#anchor-1822">19.262</a>,
<em>form:disabled</em> <a href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>,
<em>form:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>,
<em>form:linked-cell</em> <a href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>,
<em>form:max-length</em> <a href="#anchor-1827">19.288</a>,
<em>form:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>,
<em>form:printable</em> <a href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>,
<em>form:readonly</em> <a href="#anchor-1829">19.301</a>,
<em>form:tab-index</em> <a href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>,
<em>form:tab-stop</em> <a href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>,
<em>form:title</em> <a href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>,
<em>form:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>,
<em>xforms:bind</em> <a href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formformatted-text"><span id="anchor-1839"></span><span
id="anchor-1315"></span>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> element defines a control
for inputting text, which follows the format defined by a data style
that is assigned to the control's graphical shape.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a> and <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> <a
href="#anchor-1821">19.259</a>, <em>form:current-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1822">19.262</a>, <em>form:data-field</em> <a
href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>, <em>form:delay-for-repeat</em> <a
href="#anchor-1840">19.266</a>, <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:linked-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>, <em>form:max-length</em> <a
href="#anchor-1827">19.288</a>, <em>form:max-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1841">19.289</a>, <em>form:min-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1842">19.290</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:readonly</em> <a
href="#anchor-1829">19.301</a>, <em>form:repeat</em> <a
href="#anchor-1843">19.302</a>, <em>form:spin-button</em> <a
href="#anchor-1844">19.306</a>, <em>form:tab-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>, <em>form:tab-stop</em> <a
href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>form:validation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1845">19.315</a>, <em>form:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formnumber"><span id="anchor-1846"></span><span
id="anchor-1323"></span>&lt;form:number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> element defines a control which
allows the user to enter a floating-point number. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a> and <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> <a
href="#anchor-1821">19.259</a>, <em>form:current-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1822">19.262</a>, <em>form:data-field</em> <a
href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>, <em>form:delay-for-repeat</em> <a
href="#anchor-1840">19.266</a>, <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:linked-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>, <em>form:max-length</em> <a
href="#anchor-1827">19.288</a>, <em>form:max-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1841">19.289</a>, <em>form:min-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1842">19.290</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:readonly</em> <a
href="#anchor-1829">19.301</a>, <em>form:repeat</em> <a
href="#anchor-1843">19.302</a>, <em>form:spin-button</em> <a
href="#anchor-1844">19.306</a>, <em>form:tab-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>, <em>form:tab-stop</em> <a
href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>form:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formdate"><span id="anchor-1847"></span><span
id="anchor-1312"></span>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> element defines a control for
inputting date data. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a> and <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>form:control-implementation</em> <a href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>,
<em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> <a href="#anchor-1821">19.259</a>,
<em>form:current-value</em> <a href="#anchor-1822">19.262</a>,
<em>form:data-field</em> <a href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>,
<em>form:delay-for-repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-1840">19.266</a>,
<em>form:disabled</em> <a href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>,
<em>form:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>,
<em>form:linked-cell</em> <a href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>,
<em>form:max-length</em> <a href="#anchor-1827">19.288</a>,
<em>form:max-value</em> <a href="#anchor-1841">19.289</a>,
<em>form:min-value</em> <a href="#anchor-1842">19.290</a>,
<em>form:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>,
<em>form:printable</em> <a href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>,
<em>form:readonly</em> <a href="#anchor-1829">19.301</a>,
<em>form:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-1843">19.302</a>,
<em>form:spin-button</em> <a href="#anchor-1844">19.306</a>,
<em>form:tab-index</em> <a href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>,
<em>form:tab-stop</em> <a href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>,
<em>form:title</em> <a href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>,
<em>form:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>,
<em>xforms:bind</em> <a href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formtime"><span id="anchor-1848"></span><span
id="anchor-1327"></span>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> element defines a control for
inputting time data.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a> and <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>form:control-implementation</em> <a href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>,
<em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> <a href="#anchor-1821">19.259</a>,
<em>form:current-value</em> <a href="#anchor-1822">19.262</a>,
<em>form:data-field</em> <a href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>,
<em>form:delay-for-repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-1840">19.266</a>,
<em>form:disabled</em> <a href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>,
<em>form:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>,
<em>form:linked-cell</em> <a href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>,
<em>form:max-length</em> <a href="#anchor-1827">19.288</a>,
<em>form:max-value</em> <a href="#anchor-1841">19.289</a>,
<em>form:min-value</em> <a href="#anchor-1842">19.290</a>,
<em>form:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>,
<em>form:printable</em> <a href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>,
<em>form:readonly</em> <a href="#anchor-1829">19.301</a>,
<em>form:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-1843">19.302</a>,
<em>form:spin-button</em> <a href="#anchor-1844">19.306</a>,
<em>form:tab-index</em> <a href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>,
<em>form:tab-stop</em> <a href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>,
<em>form:title</em> <a href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>,
<em>form:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>,
<em>xforms:bind</em> <a href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formfixed-text"><span id="anchor-1849"></span><span
id="anchor-1314"></span>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> element defines a control which
attaches additional information to controls, or displays information.
Only one label may be associated with a control.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>, <em>form:for</em> <a
href="#anchor-1850">19.275</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:label</em> <a
href="#anchor-1851">19.282</a>, <em>form:multi-line</em> <a
href="#anchor-1852">19.292</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formcombobox"><span id="anchor-1853"></span><span
id="anchor-1311"></span>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> element defines a control which
allows displaying and editing of text, and contains a list of possible
values for that text.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a> and <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:auto-complete</em> <a
href="#anchor-1854">19.252</a>, <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> <a
href="#anchor-1821">19.259</a>, <em>form:current-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1822">19.262</a>, <em>form:data-field</em> <a
href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>, <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>, <em>form:dropdown</em> <a
href="#anchor-1855">19.269</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:linked-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>, <em>form:list-source</em> <a
href="#anchor-1856">19.285</a>, <em>form:list-source-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1857">19.286</a>, <em>form:max-length</em> <a
href="#anchor-1827">19.288</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:readonly</em> <a
href="#anchor-1829">19.301</a>, <em>form:size</em> <a
href="#anchor-1858">19.304</a>, <em>form:source-cell-range</em> <a
href="#anchor-1859">19.305</a>, <em>form:tab-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>, <em>form:tab-stop</em> <a
href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>form:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:item&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1860">13.5.12</a>,
<em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and
<em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formitem"><span id="anchor-1861"></span><span
id="anchor-1860"></span>&lt;form:item&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:item&gt;</em> element defines a list item for a
<em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> control.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:item&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:item&gt;</em> element has the following attribute:
<em>form:label</em> <a href="#anchor-1851">19.282</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:item&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:item&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="formlistbox"><span id="anchor-1862"></span><span
id="anchor-1322"></span>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> element defines an input control
that allows a user to select one or more items from a list. It is an
alternative representation for a group of radio buttons.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a> and <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:bound-column</em> <a
href="#anchor-1863">19.254</a>, <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:data-field</em> <a
href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>, <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>, <em>form:dropdown</em> <a
href="#anchor-1855">19.269</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:linked-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>, <em>form:list-linkage-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1864">19.284</a>, <em>form:list-source</em> <a
href="#anchor-1856">19.285</a>, <em>form:list-source-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1857">19.286</a>, <em>form:multiple</em> <a
href="#anchor-1865">19.293</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:size</em> <a
href="#anchor-1858">19.304</a>, <em>form:source-cell-range</em> <a
href="#anchor-1859">19.305</a>, <em>form:tab-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>, <em>form:tab-stop</em> <a
href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>form:xforms-list-source</em> <a
href="#anchor-1866">19.318</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1867">13.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formoption"><span id="anchor-1868"></span><span
id="anchor-1867"></span>&lt;form:option&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> element defines a list item for a
<em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> control.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:current-selected</em> <a
href="#anchor-1869">19.260</a>, <em>form:label</em> <a
href="#anchor-1851">19.282</a>, <em>form:selected</em> <a
href="#anchor-1870">19.303</a> and <em>form:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="formbutton"><span id="anchor-1871"></span><span
id="anchor-1309"></span>&lt;form:button&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> element defines a button
control.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:button-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1872">19.255</a>,
<em>form:control-implementation</em> <a href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>,
<em>form:default-button</em> <a href="#anchor-1873">19.265</a>,
<em>form:delay-for-repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-1840">19.266</a>,
<em>form:disabled</em> <a href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>,
<em>form:focus-on-click</em> <a href="#anchor-1874">19.274</a>,
<em>form:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>,
<em>form:image-align</em> <a href="#anchor-1875">19.278</a>,
<em>form:image-data</em> <a href="#anchor-1876">19.279</a>,
<em>form:image-position</em> <a href="#anchor-1877">19.280</a>,
<em>form:label</em> <a href="#anchor-1851">19.282</a>,
<em>form:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>,
<em>form:printable</em> <a href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>,
<em>form:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-1843">19.302</a>,
<em>form:tab-index</em> <a href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>,
<em>form:tab-stop</em> <a href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>,
<em>form:title</em> <a href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>,
<em>form:toggle</em> <a href="#anchor-1878">19.314</a>,
<em>form:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>,
<em>form:xforms-submission</em> <a href="#anchor-1879">19.319</a>,
<em>office:target-frame</em> <a href="#anchor-1814">19.384</a>,
<em>xforms:bind</em> <a href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and <em>xml:id</em>
<a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formimage"><span id="anchor-1880"></span><span
id="anchor-1320"></span>&lt;form:image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> element defines a graphical button
control.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> HTML 4.01 only allows the button type to be “submit” for an image
button. In OpenDocument, an image button can be of any type.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>form:button-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1872">19.255</a>,
<em>form:control-implementation</em> <a href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>,
<em>form:disabled</em> <a href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>,
<em>form:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>,
<em>form:image-data</em> <a href="#anchor-1876">19.279</a>,
<em>form:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>,
<em>form:printable</em> <a href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>,
<em>form:tab-index</em> <a href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>,
<em>form:tab-stop</em> <a href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>,
<em>form:title</em> <a href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>,
<em>form:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>,
<em>office:target-frame</em> <a href="#anchor-1814">19.384</a>,
<em>xforms:bind</em> <a href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and <em>xml:id</em>
<a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formcheckbox"><span id="anchor-1881"></span><span
id="anchor-1310"></span>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> element defines an on/off control.
The control is on when the value of the <em>form:current-state</em>
attribute associated with the control element is checked.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a> and <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:current-state</em> <a
href="#anchor-1882">19.261</a>, <em>form:data-field</em> <a
href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>, <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:image-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-1875">19.278</a>, <em>form:image-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-1877">19.280</a>, <em>form:is-tristate</em> <a
href="#anchor-1883">19.281</a>, <em>form:label</em> <a
href="#anchor-1851">19.282</a>, <em>form:linked-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:state</em> <a
href="#anchor-1884">19.307</a>, <em>form:tab-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>, <em>form:tab-stop</em> <a
href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>form:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>, <em>form:visual-effect</em> <a
href="#anchor-1885">19.317</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formradio"><span id="anchor-1886"></span><span
id="anchor-1325"></span>&lt;form:radio&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> element defines a control which acts
like a check box except that when multiple radio buttons belong to the
same group they are mutually exclusive. When one button is on, all of
the other buttons with the same name are off. </p>
<p>Radio buttons are defined to belong to the same group if they have
the same control name, as specified by their <em>form:name</em>
attribute. </p>
<p>If a group of radio buttons is bound to one database field, and a
user selects any given button, the reference value of the selected radio
button is written into its database field.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>form:control-implementation</em> <a href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>,
<em>form:current-selected</em> <a href="#anchor-1869">19.260</a>,
<em>form:data-field</em> <a href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>,
<em>form:disabled</em> <a href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>,
<em>form:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>,
<em>form:image-align</em> <a href="#anchor-1875">19.278</a>,
<em>form:image-position</em> <a href="#anchor-1877">19.280</a>,
<em>form:label</em> <a href="#anchor-1851">19.282</a>,
<em>form:linked-cell</em> <a href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>,
<em>form:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>,
<em>form:printable</em> <a href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>,
<em>form:selected</em> <a href="#anchor-1870">19.303</a>,
<em>form:tab-index</em> <a href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>,
<em>form:tab-stop</em> <a href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>,
<em>form:title</em> <a href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>,
<em>form:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>,
<em>form:visual-effect</em> <a href="#anchor-1885">19.317</a>,
<em>xforms:bind</em> <a href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formframe"><span id="anchor-1887"></span><span
id="anchor-1316"></span>&lt;form:frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> element defines a frame in which
controls may be visually arranged.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>form:control-implementation</em> <a href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>,
<em>form:disabled</em> <a href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>,
<em>form:for</em> <a href="#anchor-1850">19.275</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:label</em> <a
href="#anchor-1851">19.282</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formimage-frame"><span id="anchor-1888"></span><span
id="anchor-1321"></span>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> element defines a graphical
control. The control displays an image, whose location is described in
the control.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:data-field</em> <a
href="#anchor-1823">19.263</a>, <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:image-data</em> <a
href="#anchor-1876">19.279</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:readonly</em> <a
href="#anchor-1829">19.301</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formhidden"><span id="anchor-1889"></span><span
id="anchor-1319"></span>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> element defines a control that does
not have a visual representation. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: A control without visual representation can be used for
information not displayed to the user but is submitted as part of a
form.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formgrid"><span id="anchor-1890"></span><span
id="anchor-1318"></span>&lt;form:grid&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> element defines a control that
displays table data.</p>
<p>Each column in the grid is specified by a
<em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>form:control-implementation</em> <a href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>,
<em>form:disabled</em> <a href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>,
<em>form:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:name</em>
<a href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:tab-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>, <em>form:tab-stop</em> <a
href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a>, <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formcolumn"><span id="anchor-1891"></span><span
id="anchor-1820"></span>&lt;form:column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> element defines a column in a grid
control.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:label</em> <a
href="#anchor-1851">19.282</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a> and <em>form:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1892">19.312</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a> and <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formvalue-range"><span id="anchor-1893"></span><span
id="anchor-1328"></span>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> element defines a control which
allows the user to select a value from a number range.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:delay-for-repeat</em> <a
href="#anchor-1840">19.266</a>, <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:linked-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-1826">19.283</a>, <em>form:max-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1841">19.289</a>, <em>form:min-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1842">19.290</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>form:orientation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1894">19.297</a>, <em>form:page-step-size</em> <a
href="#anchor-1895">19.298</a>, <em>form:printable</em> <a
href="#anchor-1828">19.299</a>, <em>form:repeat</em> <a
href="#anchor-1843">19.302</a>, <em>form:step-size</em> <a
href="#anchor-1896">19.308</a>, <em>form:tab-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1830">19.310</a>, <em>form:tab-stop</em> <a
href="#anchor-1831">19.311</a>, <em>form:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-1832">19.313</a>, <em>form:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formgeneric-control"><span id="anchor-1897"></span><span
id="anchor-1317"></span>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em> element defines an
implementation-defined placeholder for a generic control. The generic
control can contain any properties and any events.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:control-implementation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1801">19.258</a>, <em>form:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1825">19.276</a>, <em>form:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1810">19.294</a>, <em>xforms:bind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1834">19.910</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> and <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<h2 id="event-listeners"><span id="anchor-1898"></span><span
id="Events section"></span>Event Listeners</h2>
<p>Forms and form controls may have event listeners attached. The event
listeners that are attached to a control are represented by an event
listener element as described in section <a
href="#anchor-1308">14.5</a>. This element is contained within form or
form control elements.</p>
<p>Section <a href="#anchor-1518">19.433</a> contains guidelines for
event names that may be used within forms and form controls. In addition
to those, the events listed in Table may be used in forms and form
controls.</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 9 - Form control event names</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Value of <em>script:event-name</em> Attribute</th>
<th>Applies To</th>
<th>Description of Event</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>form:approveaction</td>
<td>Button or image.</td>
<td>Occurs before an “on perform action” event takes place. Allows a
user to veto an action.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:performaction</td>
<td>Button or image.</td>
<td>Occurs when the control action is to be performed. The common
interpretation of this event is “pressing the button”.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:textchange</td>
<td>All controls that allow text input.</td>
<td>Occurs when a user changes the text in a control.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:itemstatechange</td>
<td>Check box or radio button.</td>
<td>Occurs when the state of a check box or radio button changes.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:mousedrag</td>
<td>All controls.</td>
<td>Occurs when a user presses and holds one of the mouse buttons and
moves the mouse pointer onto a control.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:approvereset</td>
<td>same objects as for form:on-reset</td>
<td>Occurs before an “on-reset” event takes place. Allows a user to veto
a reset event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:approveupdate</td>
<td>All controls that can be bound to a database field, that is controls
that contain the data-field attribute.</td>
<td>Occurs before an “on update” event takes place. Allows a user to
veto an update.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:update</td>
<td>All controls that can be bound to a database field, that is controls
that contain the data-field attribute.</td>
<td>Occurs when the content of a control that is bound to a database
field is committed.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:load</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs when a form establishes a connection to the data source.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:startreload</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs when a form is about to refresh a data source
connection.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:reload</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs when a form has refreshed a data source connection.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:startunload</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs when a form is about to drop a data source connection.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:unload</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs when a form has dropped a data source connection.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:confirmdelete</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs when a user is about to delete a record.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:approverowchange</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs before an “on row change” event takes place. Allows a user to
veto a change.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:rowchange</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs after changes to a row are complete.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:approvecursormove</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs before a form is moved to another row. Allows a user to veto
a move.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:cursormove</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs after a form is moved to another row.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:supplyparameter</td>
<td>Forms.</td>
<td>Occurs when a form asks for parameters to connect to a data
source.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:error</td>
<td>Forms, combo boxes and list boxes.</td>
<td>Occurs when a database-related error occurs.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>form:adjust</td>
<td>Value Range</td>
<td>Occurs when the value of a Value Range element has been
adjusted.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="formproperties"><span id="anchor-1899"></span><span
id="anchor-1815"></span>&lt;form:properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> element is a container for
<em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em>
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1317">13.5.25</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1900">13.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1901">13.8</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formproperty"><span id="anchor-1902"></span><span
id="anchor-1901"></span>&lt;form:property&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> element defines the name, type and
value of a property.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:property-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1903">19.300</a>, <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:currency</em> <a
href="#anchor-607">19.373</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>, <em>office:value-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="formlist-property"><span id="anchor-1904"></span><span
id="anchor-1900"></span>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em> element container for
<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> elements. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em> element has an
<em>office:value-type</em> attribute (<a href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>)
that acts as a constraint on the attributes that may appear on its child
<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>form:property-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1903">19.300</a>, <em>office:value-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-604">19.389</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1905">13.10</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formlist-value"><span id="anchor-1906"></span><span
id="anchor-1905"></span>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</h2>
<p>The list value element contains value attributes for the value type
given in the containing <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em> element.
</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1900">13.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>office:boolean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-606">19.371</a>, <em>office:currency</em> <a
href="#anchor-607">19.373</a>, <em>office:date-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-608">19.374</a>, <em>office:string-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-609">19.383</a>, <em>office:time-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-610">19.386</a>, <em>office:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h1 id="common-content"><span id="anchor-1907"></span><span
id="Common Content"></span>Common Content</h1>
<h2 id="officeannotation"><span id="anchor-1908"></span><span
id="anchor-251"></span>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> element specifies an
annotation. The annotation's text is contained in
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:caption-point-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1288">19.116</a>, <em>draw:caption-point-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1289">19.117</a>, <em>draw:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1237">19.120</a>, <em>draw:corner-radius</em> <a
href="#anchor-1238">19.127</a>, <em>draw:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>, <em>draw:layer</em> <a
href="#anchor-1208">19.189</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>, <em>draw:text-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1239">19.227</a>, <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a>, <em>draw:z-index</em> <a
href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a>, <em>office:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-1909">19.378</a>, <em>office:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-527">19.380</a>, <em>presentation:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-1241">19.394</a>, <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>, <em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a>, <em>table:end-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1250">19.636</a>, <em>table:end-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1251">19.637</a>, <em>table:table-background</em> <a
href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;dc:creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-65">4.3.2.7</a>, <em>&lt;dc:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-66">4.3.2.10</a>, <em>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1910">14.4</a>, <em>&lt;meta:date-string&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1911">14.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officeannotation-end"><span id="anchor-1912"></span><span
id="anchor-325"></span>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> element may be used to
define the end of a text range of document content that spans element
boundaries. In that case, an <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> element
shall precede the <em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> element. Both
elements shall have the same value for their <em>office:name</em>
attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> element shall be preceded
by an <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> element that has the same value
for its <em>office:name</em> attribute as the
<em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>An <em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> element without a preceding
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> element that has the same name
assigned is ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:ruby-base&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-214">6.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>office:name</em> <a href="#anchor-527">19.380</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="metadate-string"><span id="anchor-1913"></span><span
id="anchor-1911"></span>&lt;meta:date-string&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:date-string&gt;</em> element contains a date that is
of type string and not a date type. This value is used only for display
as entered. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:date-string&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:date-string&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:date-string&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:date-string&gt;</em> element has content of data
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metacreator-initials"><span id="anchor-1914"></span><span
id="anchor-1910"></span>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt;</em> element represents the
initials of the author of the annotation represented by the parent
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h2 id="event-listener-tables"><span id="anchor-1915"></span><span
id="anchor-1308"></span>Event Listener Tables</h2>
<h3 id="general-48"><span id="anchor-1916"></span>General</h3>
<p>Controls, images, text boxes, or an entire document can support
events. An event binds the occurrence of a condition to an action that
is executed if the condition arises.</p>
<p>Events are represented as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>All of the event elements that are associated with an object are
located in an <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> element.</li>
<li>Each event-to-action association is recorded in one child
element.</li>
<li><p>Depending on the type of action that the event triggers, the
following child elements are used:</p>
<ul>
<li>The <em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a> element represents events that are bound
to a macro or script.</li>
<li>The <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a> element represents events that are bound
to an action that is specific to a presentation.</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="scriptevent-listener"><span id="anchor-1917"></span><span
id="anchor-1330"></span>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> element binds an event to
a macro.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;office:event-listeners&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-172">10.3.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>script:event-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1518">19.433</a>, <em>script:language</em> <a
href="#anchor-175">19.434</a>, <em>script:macro-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1918">19.435</a>, <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a
href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="event-types"><span id="anchor-1919"></span>Event Types</h3>
<p>Event types are implementation-defined. See <a
href="#anchor-1518">19.433</a>.</p>
<h3 id="macro-name-and-location"><span id="anchor-1920"></span>Macro
Name and Location</h3>
<p>Macro code for an event may be specified by either an
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> attribute as an
IRI, or a <em>script:macro-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1918">19.435</a>
attribute by name. Macro names and applicable IRI schemes are
script-language-dependent. </p>
<h2 id="mathmath"><span id="anchor-1921"></span><span
id="math:math"></span><span id="anchor-13"></span>&lt;math:math&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;math:math&gt;</em> element serves as a container for
content defined by the MathML 2.0 standard. See <a
href="#nref-mathml">[MathML]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;math:math&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>
and <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dde-connections"><span id="anchor-1922"></span><span
id="anchor-701"></span>DDE Connections</h2>
<h3 id="general-49"><span id="anchor-1923"></span>General</h3>
<p>A Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) connection consists of parameters for a
DDE target application, a file name, and a command string. A DDE
connection also takes a parameter that specifies whether it will be
updated automatically or only on the user's request. Every DDE
connection shall be named.</p>
<p>All elements making use of DDE connections shall contain their
content (or its presentation), so that documents using DDE can still be
properly displayed on machines which do not support the DDE mechanism,
or where the DDE target is not available. Consumers should preserve the
DDE connection information even if they cannot make use of it.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: DDE only is available on some operating systems. In order to
create portable documents, authors are advised to use this feature in
their documents with great care.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="textdde-connection-decls"><span id="anchor-1924"></span><span
id="anchor-123"></span>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> element is a container
element for <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> elements in text
documents.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;office:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-85">3.8</a>, <em>&lt;office:drawing&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-33">3.5</a>, <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-34">3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a>, <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1925">14.7.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdde-connection-decl"><span id="anchor-1926"></span><span
id="anchor-1925"></span>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> element defines a DDE
connection for use in DDE text fields. Multiple DDE fields can refer to
one DDE connection by using the same name.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>office:automatic-update</em> <a
href="#anchor-1927">19.370</a>, <em>office:dde-application</em> <a
href="#anchor-1928">19.375</a>, <em>office:dde-item</em> <a
href="#anchor-1929">19.376</a>, <em>office:dde-topic</em> <a
href="#anchor-1930">19.377</a> and <em>office:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-527">19.380</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tabledde-link"><span id="anchor-1931"></span><span
id="anchor-869"></span>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</em> element contains DDE source data
for use in spreadsheet formulas. It contains a
<em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> element and a simple table element
that may be used to cache the data of a DDE source. The table does not
need a name and does not contain style information. Only the data
contained in the cell attributes is used. The cells themselves remain
empty.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:dde-links&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-113">9.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-474">14.7.5</a> and <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officedde-source"><span id="anchor-1932"></span><span
id="anchor-474"></span>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> element defines a DDE
connection. </p>
<p>If the element is a child element of a <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em>
element, the <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> element specifies that
the table is linked through DDE along the connection data. </p>
<p>If the element is a child element of a <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em>
element, the <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> element specifies that
the text section is linked through DDE along the connection data. </p>
<p>If the element is a child element of a
<em>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</em> element, the
<em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> element specifies the connection data
for a DDE link that can be used in spreadsheet formulas. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:dde-link&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-869">14.7.4</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>office:automatic-update</em> <a
href="#anchor-1927">19.370</a>, <em>office:conversion-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1933">19.372</a>, <em>office:dde-application</em> <a
href="#anchor-1928">19.375</a>, <em>office:dde-item</em> <a
href="#anchor-1929">19.376</a>, <em>office:dde-topic</em> <a
href="#anchor-1930">19.377</a> and <em>office:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-527">19.380</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h1 id="smil-animations"><span id="anchor-1934"></span><span
id="SMIL Animations"></span>SMIL Animations</h1>
<h2 id="general-50"><span id="anchor-1935"></span>General</h2>
<p>This section specifies <a href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a> based
elements and attributes that can be used within the format for animation
effects.</p>
<h2 id="basic-animation-elements"><span id="anchor-1936"></span><span
id="Basic Animation Elements"></span>Basic Animation Elements</h2>
<h3 id="general-51"><span id="anchor-1937"></span>General </h3>
<p>The animation elements are based upon §3.5 and §12.5 of <a
href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>, and section §19.2 of <a
href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="animanimate"><span id="anchor-1938"></span><span
id="anchor-1218"></span>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</h3>
<p> See §3.5.1 of <a href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>anim:formula</em> <a href="#anchor-1939">19.6</a>,
<em>anim:sub-item</em> <a href="#anchor-1940">19.11</a>,
<em>smil:accelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1941">19.436</a>,
<em>smil:accumulate</em> <a href="#anchor-1942">19.437</a>,
<em>smil:additive</em> <a href="#anchor-1943">19.438</a>,
<em>smil:attributeName</em> <a href="#anchor-1944">19.439</a>,
<em>smil:autoReverse</em> <a href="#anchor-1945">19.440</a>,
<em>smil:begin</em> <a href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>, <em>smil:by</em>
<a href="#anchor-1947">19.442</a>, <em>smil:calcMode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1948">19.443</a>, <em>smil:decelerate</em> <a
href="#anchor-1949">19.444</a>, <em>smil:dur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1950">19.446</a>, <em>smil:end</em> <a
href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-1952">19.450</a>, <em>smil:fillDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1953">19.451</a>, <em>smil:from</em> <a
href="#anchor-1954">19.452</a>, <em>smil:keySplines</em> <a
href="#anchor-1955">19.453</a>, <em>smil:keyTimes</em> <a
href="#anchor-1956">19.454</a>, <em>smil:repeatCount</em> <a
href="#anchor-1957">19.456</a>, <em>smil:repeatDur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1958">19.457</a>, <em>smil:restart</em> <a
href="#anchor-1959">19.458</a>, <em>smil:restartDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1960">19.459</a>, <em>smil:targetElement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1961">19.461</a>, <em>smil:to</em> <a
href="#anchor-1962">19.462</a> and <em>smil:values</em> <a
href="#anchor-1963">19.464</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="animanimatetransform"><span id="anchor-1964"></span><span
id="anchor-1221"></span>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em> element defines the
transformation of an animation. It is based on the <a
href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a> &lt;svg:animateTransform&gt; element. See
§19.2.14 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>anim:formula</em> <a href="#anchor-1939">19.6</a>,
<em>anim:sub-item</em> <a href="#anchor-1940">19.11</a>,
<em>smil:accelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1941">19.436</a>,
<em>smil:accumulate</em> <a href="#anchor-1942">19.437</a>,
<em>smil:additive</em> <a href="#anchor-1943">19.438</a>,
<em>smil:attributeName</em> <a href="#anchor-1944">19.439</a>,
<em>smil:autoReverse</em> <a href="#anchor-1945">19.440</a>,
<em>smil:begin</em> <a href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>, <em>smil:by</em>
<a href="#anchor-1947">19.442</a>, <em>smil:decelerate</em> <a
href="#anchor-1949">19.444</a>, <em>smil:dur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1950">19.446</a>, <em>smil:end</em> <a
href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-1952">19.450</a>, <em>smil:fillDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1953">19.451</a>, <em>smil:from</em> <a
href="#anchor-1954">19.452</a>, <em>smil:repeatCount</em> <a
href="#anchor-1957">19.456</a>, <em>smil:repeatDur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1958">19.457</a>, <em>smil:restart</em> <a
href="#anchor-1959">19.458</a>, <em>smil:restartDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1960">19.459</a>, <em>smil:targetElement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1961">19.461</a>, <em>smil:to</em> <a
href="#anchor-1962">19.462</a>, <em>smil:values</em> <a
href="#anchor-1963">19.464</a> and <em>svg:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1965">19.565</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="animset"><span id="anchor-1966"></span><span
id="anchor-1227"></span>&lt;anim:set&gt;</h3>
<p>See §3.5.2 of <a href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>anim:sub-item</em> <a href="#anchor-1940">19.11</a>,
<em>smil:accelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1941">19.436</a>,
<em>smil:accumulate</em> <a href="#anchor-1942">19.437</a>,
<em>smil:additive</em> <a href="#anchor-1943">19.438</a>,
<em>smil:attributeName</em> <a href="#anchor-1944">19.439</a>,
<em>smil:autoReverse</em> <a href="#anchor-1945">19.440</a>,
<em>smil:begin</em> <a href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>,
<em>smil:decelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1949">19.444</a>,
<em>smil:dur</em> <a href="#anchor-1950">19.446</a>, <em>smil:end</em>
<a href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-1952">19.450</a>, <em>smil:fillDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1953">19.451</a>, <em>smil:repeatCount</em> <a
href="#anchor-1957">19.456</a>, <em>smil:repeatDur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1958">19.457</a>, <em>smil:restart</em> <a
href="#anchor-1959">19.458</a>, <em>smil:restartDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1960">19.459</a>, <em>smil:targetElement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1961">19.461</a> and <em>smil:to</em> <a
href="#anchor-1962">19.462</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="animanimatemotion"><span id="anchor-1967"></span><span
id="anchor-1220"></span>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</h3>
<p> See §19.2.12 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a> and §3.5.3 of <a
href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>anim:formula</em> <a href="#anchor-1939">19.6</a>,
<em>anim:sub-item</em> <a href="#anchor-1940">19.11</a>,
<em>smil:accelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1941">19.436</a>,
<em>smil:accumulate</em> <a href="#anchor-1942">19.437</a>,
<em>smil:additive</em> <a href="#anchor-1943">19.438</a>,
<em>smil:attributeName</em> <a href="#anchor-1944">19.439</a>,
<em>smil:autoReverse</em> <a href="#anchor-1945">19.440</a>,
<em>smil:begin</em> <a href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>, <em>smil:by</em>
<a href="#anchor-1947">19.442</a>, <em>smil:calcMode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1948">19.443</a>, <em>smil:decelerate</em> <a
href="#anchor-1949">19.444</a>, <em>smil:dur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1950">19.446</a>, <em>smil:end</em> <a
href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-1952">19.450</a>, <em>smil:fillDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1953">19.451</a>, <em>smil:from</em> <a
href="#anchor-1954">19.452</a>, <em>smil:keySplines</em> <a
href="#anchor-1955">19.453</a>, <em>smil:keyTimes</em> <a
href="#anchor-1956">19.454</a>, <em>smil:repeatCount</em> <a
href="#anchor-1957">19.456</a>, <em>smil:repeatDur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1958">19.457</a>, <em>smil:restart</em> <a
href="#anchor-1959">19.458</a>, <em>smil:restartDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1960">19.459</a>, <em>smil:targetElement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1961">19.461</a>, <em>smil:to</em> <a
href="#anchor-1962">19.462</a>, <em>smil:values</em> <a
href="#anchor-1963">19.464</a>, <em>svg:origin</em> <a
href="#anchor-1968">19.548</a> and <em>svg:path</em> <a
href="#anchor-1969">19.552</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="animanimatecolor"><span id="anchor-1970"></span><span
id="anchor-1219"></span>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</h3>
<p>See §3.5.4 of <a href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>anim:color-interpolation</em> <a
href="#anchor-1971">19.2</a>,
<em>anim:color-interpolation-direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-1972">19.3</a>, <em>anim:formula</em> <a
href="#anchor-1939">19.6</a>, <em>anim:sub-item</em> <a
href="#anchor-1940">19.11</a>, <em>smil:accelerate</em> <a
href="#anchor-1941">19.436</a>, <em>smil:accumulate</em> <a
href="#anchor-1942">19.437</a>, <em>smil:additive</em> <a
href="#anchor-1943">19.438</a>, <em>smil:attributeName</em> <a
href="#anchor-1944">19.439</a>, <em>smil:autoReverse</em> <a
href="#anchor-1945">19.440</a>, <em>smil:begin</em> <a
href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>, <em>smil:by</em> <a
href="#anchor-1947">19.442</a>, <em>smil:calcMode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1948">19.443</a>, <em>smil:decelerate</em> <a
href="#anchor-1949">19.444</a>, <em>smil:dur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1950">19.446</a>, <em>smil:end</em> <a
href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-1952">19.450</a>, <em>smil:fillDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1953">19.451</a>, <em>smil:from</em> <a
href="#anchor-1954">19.452</a>, <em>smil:keySplines</em> <a
href="#anchor-1955">19.453</a>, <em>smil:keyTimes</em> <a
href="#anchor-1956">19.454</a>, <em>smil:repeatCount</em> <a
href="#anchor-1957">19.456</a>, <em>smil:repeatDur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1958">19.457</a>, <em>smil:restart</em> <a
href="#anchor-1959">19.458</a>, <em>smil:restartDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1960">19.459</a>, <em>smil:targetElement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1961">19.461</a>, <em>smil:to</em> <a
href="#anchor-1962">19.462</a> and <em>smil:values</em> <a
href="#anchor-1963">19.464</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="animtransitionfilter"><span id="anchor-1973"></span><span
id="anchor-1228"></span>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> element is based on the <a
href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a> &lt;smil:transitionFilter&gt; element.
See §12.5.1 of <a href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>anim:formula</em> <a href="#anchor-1939">19.6</a>,
<em>anim:sub-item</em> <a href="#anchor-1940">19.11</a>,
<em>smil:accelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1941">19.436</a>,
<em>smil:accumulate</em> <a href="#anchor-1942">19.437</a>,
<em>smil:additive</em> <a href="#anchor-1943">19.438</a>,
<em>smil:autoReverse</em> <a href="#anchor-1945">19.440</a>,
<em>smil:begin</em> <a href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>, <em>smil:by</em>
<a href="#anchor-1947">19.442</a>, <em>smil:calcMode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1948">19.443</a>, <em>smil:decelerate</em> <a
href="#anchor-1949">19.444</a>, <em>smil:direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-1974">19.445</a>, <em>smil:dur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1950">19.446</a>, <em>smil:end</em> <a
href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:fadeColor</em> <a
href="#anchor-1975">19.449</a>, <em>smil:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-1952">19.450</a>, <em>smil:fillDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1953">19.451</a>, <em>smil:from</em> <a
href="#anchor-1954">19.452</a>, <em>smil:mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1976">19.455</a>, <em>smil:repeatCount</em> <a
href="#anchor-1957">19.456</a>, <em>smil:repeatDur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1958">19.457</a>, <em>smil:restart</em> <a
href="#anchor-1959">19.458</a>, <em>smil:restartDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1960">19.459</a>, <em>smil:subtype</em> <a
href="#anchor-1977">19.460</a>, <em>smil:targetElement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1961">19.461</a>, <em>smil:to</em> <a
href="#anchor-1962">19.462</a>, <em>smil:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1978">19.463</a> and <em>smil:values</em> <a
href="#anchor-1963">19.464</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="animation-model-attributes"><span
id="anchor-1979"></span>Animation Model Attributes</h2>
<h3 id="general-52"><span id="anchor-1980"></span>General</h3>
<p>The animation model uses the same concepts and syntax as specified in
§3 of <a href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="simple-animation-functions"><span id="anchor-1981"></span>Simple
Animation Functions</h3>
<p>Simplified animations can be specified using the <a
href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a> <em>smil:from</em>, <em>smil:to</em>
and <em>smil:by</em> attributes. See §3.4.4 of <a
href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>.</p>
<h2 id="animation-timing"><span id="anchor-1982"></span><span
id="SMIL Timing"></span>Animation Timing</h2>
<h3 id="general-53"><span id="anchor-1983"></span>General</h3>
<p>Animation timing uses the same concepts and syntax as specified in
§10 and §11 of <a href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="animpar"><span id="anchor-1984"></span><span
id="anchor-1225"></span>&lt;anim:par&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> element is a container of child
animation nodes that have a common starting point.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>anim:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1985">19.7</a>,
<em>presentation:group-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1986">19.401</a>,
<em>presentation:master-element</em> <a href="#anchor-1987">19.402</a>,
<em>presentation:node-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1988">19.406</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-class</em> <a href="#anchor-1989">19.414</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1990">19.415</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-sub-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1991">19.416</a>,
<em>smil:accelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1941">19.436</a>,
<em>smil:autoReverse</em> <a href="#anchor-1945">19.440</a>,
<em>smil:begin</em> <a href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>,
<em>smil:decelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1949">19.444</a>,
<em>smil:dur</em> <a href="#anchor-1950">19.446</a>, <em>smil:end</em>
<a href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:endsync</em> <a
href="#anchor-1992">19.448</a>, <em>smil:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-1952">19.450</a>, <em>smil:fillDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1953">19.451</a>, <em>smil:repeatCount</em> <a
href="#anchor-1957">19.456</a>, <em>smil:repeatDur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1958">19.457</a>, <em>smil:restart</em> <a
href="#anchor-1959">19.458</a>, <em>smil:restartDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1960">19.459</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="animseq"><span id="anchor-1993"></span><span
id="anchor-1226"></span>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> element is a container for child
animation nodes that start in a sequential fashion.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>anim:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1985">19.7</a>,
<em>presentation:group-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1986">19.401</a>,
<em>presentation:master-element</em> <a href="#anchor-1987">19.402</a>,
<em>presentation:node-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1988">19.406</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-class</em> <a href="#anchor-1989">19.414</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1990">19.415</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-sub-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1991">19.416</a>,
<em>smil:accelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1941">19.436</a>,
<em>smil:autoReverse</em> <a href="#anchor-1945">19.440</a>,
<em>smil:begin</em> <a href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>,
<em>smil:decelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1949">19.444</a>,
<em>smil:dur</em> <a href="#anchor-1950">19.446</a>, <em>smil:end</em>
<a href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:endsync</em> <a
href="#anchor-1992">19.448</a>, <em>smil:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-1952">19.450</a>, <em>smil:fillDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1953">19.451</a>, <em>smil:repeatCount</em> <a
href="#anchor-1957">19.456</a>, <em>smil:repeatDur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1958">19.457</a>, <em>smil:restart</em> <a
href="#anchor-1959">19.458</a>, <em>smil:restartDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1960">19.459</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="animiterate"><span id="anchor-1994"></span><span
id="anchor-1224"></span>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> element defines a parallel time
container. The animation effects are applied to the child objects of the
target element. The effects for each child object are started one after
another, where the delay between the start of the effects of two
subsequent children is specified by the <em>anim:iterate-interval</em>
attribute. <a href="#anchor-1995">19.8</a></p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>anim:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1985">19.7</a>,
<em>anim:iterate-interval</em> <a href="#anchor-1995">19.8</a>,
<em>anim:iterate-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1996">19.9</a>,
<em>anim:sub-item</em> <a href="#anchor-1940">19.11</a>,
<em>presentation:group-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1986">19.401</a>,
<em>presentation:master-element</em> <a href="#anchor-1987">19.402</a>,
<em>presentation:node-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1988">19.406</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-class</em> <a href="#anchor-1989">19.414</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1990">19.415</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-sub-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1991">19.416</a>,
<em>smil:accelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1941">19.436</a>,
<em>smil:autoReverse</em> <a href="#anchor-1945">19.440</a>,
<em>smil:begin</em> <a href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>,
<em>smil:decelerate</em> <a href="#anchor-1949">19.444</a>,
<em>smil:dur</em> <a href="#anchor-1950">19.446</a>, <em>smil:end</em>
<a href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:endsync</em> <a
href="#anchor-1992">19.448</a>, <em>smil:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-1952">19.450</a>, <em>smil:fillDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1953">19.451</a>, <em>smil:repeatCount</em> <a
href="#anchor-1957">19.456</a>, <em>smil:repeatDur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1958">19.457</a>, <em>smil:restart</em> <a
href="#anchor-1959">19.458</a>, <em>smil:restartDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1960">19.459</a>, <em>smil:targetElement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1961">19.461</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="animaudio"><span id="anchor-1997"></span><span
id="anchor-1222"></span>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> element is based on the <a
href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a> &lt;smil:audio&gt; element. It
specifies the playback of audio streams during an animation. See §7.3.1
of <a href="#nref-smil20">[SMIL20]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>anim:audio-level</em> <a href="#anchor-1998">19.4</a>,
<em>anim:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1985">19.7</a>,
<em>presentation:group-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1986">19.401</a>,
<em>presentation:master-element</em> <a href="#anchor-1987">19.402</a>,
<em>presentation:node-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1988">19.406</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-class</em> <a href="#anchor-1989">19.414</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-id</em> <a href="#anchor-1990">19.415</a>,
<em>presentation:preset-sub-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1991">19.416</a>,
<em>smil:begin</em> <a href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>, <em>smil:dur</em>
<a href="#anchor-1950">19.446</a>, <em>smil:end</em> <a
href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-1952">19.450</a>, <em>smil:fillDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1953">19.451</a>, <em>smil:repeatCount</em> <a
href="#anchor-1957">19.456</a>, <em>smil:repeatDur</em> <a
href="#anchor-1958">19.457</a>, <em>smil:restart</em> <a
href="#anchor-1959">19.458</a>, <em>smil:restartDefault</em> <a
href="#anchor-1960">19.459</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="animation-command-elements"><span id="anchor-1999"></span><span
id="SMIL Special"></span>Animation Command Elements</h2>
<h3 id="animcommand"><span id="anchor-2000"></span><span
id="anchor-1223"></span>&lt;anim:command&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> element specifies an animation
command. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: See <a href="#anchor-2001">19.5</a> for details about the
element's usage in presentation documents.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>anim:command</em> <a href="#anchor-2001">19.5</a>,
<em>anim:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1985">19.7</a>, <em>anim:sub-item</em>
<a href="#anchor-1940">19.11</a>, <em>presentation:group-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1986">19.401</a>, <em>presentation:master-element</em> <a
href="#anchor-1987">19.402</a>, <em>presentation:node-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1988">19.406</a>, <em>presentation:preset-class</em> <a
href="#anchor-1989">19.414</a>, <em>presentation:preset-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1990">19.415</a>, <em>presentation:preset-sub-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1991">19.416</a>, <em>smil:begin</em> <a
href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a>, <em>smil:end</em> <a
href="#anchor-1951">19.447</a>, <em>smil:targetElement</em> <a
href="#anchor-1961">19.461</a> and <em>xml:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-324">19.920</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;anim:param&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2002">15.6.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="animparam"><span id="anchor-2003"></span><span
id="anchor-2002"></span>&lt;anim:param&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:param&gt;</em> element specifies a parameter for an
<em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:param&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:param&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>anim:name</em> <a href="#anchor-2004">19.10</a> and
<em>anim:value</em> <a href="#anchor-2005">19.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:param&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h1 id="styles-1"><span id="anchor-2006"></span><span
id="Styles"></span>Styles</h1>
<h2 id="general-54"><span id="anchor-2007"></span>General</h2>
<p>Objects in an office document may have formatting properties. A
formatting property influences the visual representation of an
object.</p>
<p>In the format, formatting properties are stored in styles. </p>
<p>There are two reasons for using styles to store formatting
properties:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Format information is separated from document content.</li>
<li>Styles enable consistent formatting and changing of formatting for
objects subject to styles. </li>
</ol>
<p>Styles and font face declarations are referenced by their
<em>style:name</em> attribute. A referenced style or font face
declaration should be defined in the same file as the reference, or in
styles.xml. </p>
<h2 id="stylestyle"><span id="anchor-2008"></span><span
id="anchor-199"></span>&lt;style:style&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element represents styles.</p>
<p>Styles defined by the <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element use a
hierarchical style model. The <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element
supports inheritance of formatting properties by a style from its parent
style. A parent style is specified by the
<em>style:parent-style-name</em> attribute on a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The determination of the value of a formatting property begins with
any style that is specified by an element. If the formatting property is
present in that style, its value is used.</p>
<p>If that style does not specify a value for that formatting property
and it has a parent style, the value of the formatting element is taken
from the parent style, if present.</p>
<p>If the parent style does not have a value for the formatting
property, the search for the formatting property value continues up
parent styles until either the formatting property has been found or a
style is found with no parent style.</p>
<p>If a search of the parent styles of a style does not result in a
value for a formatting property, the determination of its value depends
on the style family and the element to which a style is applied.</p>
<p>For styles with family text which are applied to elements which are
contained in another element that specifies a style with family text,
the search continues within the text style that is applied to the
nearest ancestor element that specifies a style with family text, and
continues in its parent styles. </p>
<p>For styles with family text which are applied to elements which are
contained in a paragraph element <a href="#anchor-526">6.1.1</a>, the
search continues within the paragraph style that is applied to the
paragraph element, and continues in its parent styles. </p>
<p>For styles with family paragraph which are applied to paragraph
elements which are contained in a drawing shape or a chart element, the
search continues within the graphic, presentation or chart style that is
applied to the drawing object or chart element, and continues in its
parent styles.</p>
<p>For styles with family paragraph which are applied to paragraph
elements which are contained in a table cell, the search continues
within the table-cell style that is applied to the table-cell, and
continues in its parent styles. If a value for the formatting property
has not been found, the search continues as defined for styles with
family table-cell. </p>
<p>For styles with family table-cell which are applied to a table cell,
the search continues with the style specified by the
<em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute <a
href="#anchor-894">19.619</a> of the table cell's
<em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> parent element, if present, and then
with the style specified by the <em>table:default-cell-style-name</em>
attribute of the <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> element associated
with the table cell. </p>
<p>In all other cases, or if a value for the formatting property has not
been found by any of the family specific rules, a default style <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> that has the same family as the style
initially declared sets the value. If a value has not been found by
these steps, but this specification defines a default value, then this
default value is used. In all remaining cases an
implementation-dependent value is used.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a> and <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:auto-update</em> <a
href="#anchor-2009">19.467</a>, <em>style:class</em> <a
href="#anchor-2010">19.470</a>, <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>, <em>style:default-outline-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-2011">19.474</a>, <em>style:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a>, <em>style:family</em> <a
href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a>, <em>style:list-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-2014">19.499</a>, <em>style:list-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2015">19.500</a>, <em>style:master-page-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2016">19.501</a>, <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a>, <em>style:next-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2018">19.503</a>, <em>style:parent-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2019">19.510</a> and
<em>style:percentage-data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2020">19.511</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>,
<em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>, <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>, <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>, <em>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2025">17.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2028">17.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2030">17.17</a>, <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylemap"><span id="anchor-2032"></span><span
id="anchor-2033"></span><span
id="anchor-2023"></span>&lt;style:map&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> element represents a condition, which
if met, results in the mapping of a style. A style that contains one or
more mappings is called a conditional style. Each condition is
represented by a unique <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>Conditional styles are supported by:</p>
<ul>
<li>paragraph styles contained in text documents</li>
<li>table cell styles contained in spreadsheets</li>
<li>data styles</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a>, <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>style:apply-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2034">19.466</a>,
<em>style:base-cell-address</em> <a href="#anchor-2035">19.468</a> and
<em>style:condition</em> <a href="#anchor-2036">19.472</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="styledefault-style"><span id="anchor-2037"></span><span
id="anchor-197"></span>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> element represents default
styles. A default style specifies default formatting properties for a
style family. These defaults are used if a formatting property is
neither specified by an automatic nor a common style. Default styles
exist for all style families that are represented by the
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element specified by the
<em>style:family</em> attribute <a href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a>.</p>
<p>An OpenDocument document should contain the default styles of the
style families for which are used in common or automatic styles in the
document.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:family</em> <a href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>,
<em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>, <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>, <em>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2025">17.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2028">17.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2030">17.17</a>, <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylepage-layout"><span id="anchor-2038"></span><span
id="anchor-180"></span>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> element represents the styles
that specify the formatting properties of a page.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:name</em> <a href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> and
<em>style:page-usage</em> <a href="#anchor-2039">19.509</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;style:footer-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2040">16.7</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2041">16.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleheader-style"><span id="anchor-2043"></span><span
id="anchor-2041"></span>&lt;style:header-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-style&gt;</em> element specifies the
formatting properties for a header element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-style&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-196">16.8</a> and <em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-180">16.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-style&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-style&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefooter-style"><span id="anchor-2045"></span><span
id="anchor-2040"></span>&lt;style:footer-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-style&gt;</em> element specifies the
formatting properties for a footer element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-style&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-196">16.8</a> and <em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-180">16.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-style&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-style&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styledefault-page-layout"><span id="anchor-2046"></span><span
id="anchor-196"></span>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</em> element specifies
default formatting properties for page layouts. These defaults are used
if a formatting property is not specified in a
<em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-180">16.5</a>
element. The <em>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;style:footer-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2040">16.7</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2041">16.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylemaster-page"><span id="anchor-2047"></span><span
id="anchor-181"></span>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</h2>
<p>In text and spreadsheet documents, the
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element contains the content of
headers and footers. For these types of documents, consumers may
generate a sequence of pages by making use of a single master page or a
set of master pages.</p>
<p>In drawing and presentation documents, the
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element is used to define master
pages as common backgrounds for drawing pages. Each drawing page is
directly linked to one master page, which is specified by the
<em>draw:master-page-name</em> attribute of the
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element..</p>
<p>Master pages are contained in the
<em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>All documents shall contain at least one master page element.</p>
<p>If a text or spreadsheet document is displayed in a paged layout,
master pages are used to generate a sequence of pages containing the
document content. When a page is created, an empty page is generated
with the properties of the master page and the static content of the
master page. The body of the page is then filled with content. A single
master page can be used to created multiple pages within a document.</p>
<p>In text and spreadsheet documents, a master page can be assigned to
paragraph and table styles using a <em>style:master-page-name</em>
attribute. Each time the paragraph or table style is applied to text, a
page break is inserted before the paragraph or table. A page that starts
at the page break position uses the specified master page.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> The paging methodology differs significantly from the methodology
used in <a href="#nref-xsl">[XSL]</a>. In XSL, headers and footers are
contained within page sequences that also contain the document content.
In the format, headers and footers are contained in page styles. With
either approach, the content of headers and footers can be changed or
omitted without affecting the document content.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-51">3.15.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>,
<em>style:display-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a>,
<em>style:name</em> <a href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a>,
<em>style:next-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2018">19.503</a> and
<em>style:page-layout-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1203">19.508</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:layer-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-210">10.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-107">13.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleheader"><span id="anchor-2048"></span><span
id="anchor-305"></span>&lt;style:header&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> element represents the content of a
header in a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>style:display</em> <a href="#anchor-2049">19.475</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-440">16.17</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-441">16.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-442">16.18</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-136">5.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleheader-first"><span id="anchor-2050"></span><span
id="anchor-306"></span>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> element represents the
content of a header for a first page, if different from the left/right
page in a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt; </em>element.</p>
<p>The term "first page" means the first page to which the page style is
applied, regardless of any numbering. If a different page style is
applied in between two applications of a page style that has the
<em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> element, each of the applications of
the page style has its own first page.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>style:display</em> <a href="#anchor-2049">19.475</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-440">16.17</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-441">16.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-442">16.18</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-136">5.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefooter"><span id="anchor-2051"></span><span
id="anchor-302"></span>&lt;style:footer&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> element represents the content of a
footer in a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>style:display</em> <a href="#anchor-2049">19.475</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-440">16.17</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-441">16.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-442">16.18</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-136">5.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefooter-first"><span id="anchor-2052"></span><span
id="anchor-303"></span>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> element represents the
content of a footer for a first page, if different from the left/right
page in a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The term "first page" means the first page to which the page style is
applied, regardless of any numbering. If a different page style is
applied in between two applications of the page style, that has the
<em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> element, each of the applications of
the page style has its own first page.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>style:display</em> <a href="#anchor-2049">19.475</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-440">16.17</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-441">16.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-442">16.18</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-136">5.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleheader-left"><span id="anchor-2053"></span><span
id="anchor-307"></span>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> element represents the content
of a header for a left page, if different from the right page in a
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>style:display</em> <a href="#anchor-2049">19.475</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-440">16.17</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-441">16.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-442">16.18</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-136">5.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefooter-left"><span id="anchor-2054"></span><span
id="anchor-304"></span>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> element represents the content
of a footer for a left page, if different from the right page for a
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>style:display</em> <a href="#anchor-2049">19.475</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-440">16.17</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-441">16.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-442">16.18</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-123">14.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-132">7.4.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-136">5.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-137">7.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-139">7.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleregion-left"><span id="anchor-2055"></span><span
id="anchor-441"></span>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> element specifies a
left-aligned portion of a header or footer. That region may contain a
sequence of <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-left&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleregion-center"><span id="anchor-2056"></span><span
id="anchor-440"></span>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> element specifies a
center-aligned portion of a header or footer. That region may contain a
sequence of <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-center&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleregion-right"><span id="anchor-2057"></span><span
id="anchor-442"></span>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> element specifies a
right-aligned portion of a header or footer. That region may contain a
sequence of <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>, <em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>, <em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:region-right&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationnotes"><span id="anchor-2058"></span><span
id="anchor-1214"></span>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> element defines a notes page.
A notes page contains a preview of a drawing page and additional graphic
shapes. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1198">19.219</a>,
<em>presentation:use-date-time-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1200">19.428</a>, <em>presentation:use-footer-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1201">19.429</a>, <em>presentation:use-header-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1202">19.430</a> and <em>style:page-layout-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1203">19.508</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-107">13.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabletable-template"><span id="anchor-2059"></span><span
id="anchor-202"></span>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</h2>
<p>A <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> element represents a set of
references to table cell styles that specify the formatting to be used
when creating a table.</p>
<p>If more than one table cell style reference is applicable to a cell,
the first style that is applicable is chosen in the following order:</p>
<ul>
<li>First Column <em>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2060">16.21.4</a></li>
<li>Last Column <em>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2061">16.21.5</a></li>
<li>First Row <em>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2062">16.21.2</a></li>
<li>Last Row <em>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2063">16.21.3</a></li>
<li>Even rows <em>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2064">16.21.7</a>, odd rows
<em>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2065">16.21.8</a>
(Banded Rows)</li>
<li>Even columns <em>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2066">16.21.9</a>, odd columns
<em>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2067">16.21.10</a>
(Banded Columns)</li>
<li>Body <em>&lt;table:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2068">16.21.6</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:first-row-end-column</em> <a
href="#anchor-2069">19.644</a>, <em>table:first-row-start-column</em> <a
href="#anchor-2070">19.645</a>, <em>table:last-row-end-column</em> <a
href="#anchor-2071">19.663</a>, <em>table:last-row-start-column</em> <a
href="#anchor-2072">19.665</a> and <em>table:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;table:background&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2073">16.22</a>, <em>&lt;table:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2068">16.21.6</a>, <em>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2066">16.21.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2064">16.21.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2060">16.21.4</a>, <em>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2062">16.21.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2061">16.21.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2063">16.21.3</a>, <em>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2067">16.21.10</a> and <em>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2065">16.21.8</a>.</p>
<h2 id="cell-styles"><span id="anchor-2074"></span>Cell Styles</h2>
<h3 id="general-55"><span id="anchor-2075"></span>General</h3>
<p>The cell styles applied in a table are based on the position of cells
in a table. </p>
<h3 id="tablefirst-row"><span id="anchor-2076"></span><span
id="anchor-2062"></span><span
id="table template row and column styles"></span>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</em> element specifies a cell style
that shall be applied to the first row of a table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2077">19.692</a> and <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablelast-row"><span id="anchor-2078"></span><span
id="anchor-2063"></span>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</em> element specifies a cell style
that shall be applied to the last row of a table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2077">19.692</a> and <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablefirst-column"><span id="anchor-2079"></span><span
id="anchor-2060"></span>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</em> element specifies a cell
style that shall be applied to the first column in a table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2077">19.692</a> and <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablelast-column"><span id="anchor-2080"></span><span
id="anchor-2061"></span>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</em> element specifies a cell style
that shall be applied to the last column in a table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2077">19.692</a> and <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tablebody"><span id="anchor-2081"></span><span
id="anchor-2068"></span>&lt;table:body&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:body&gt;</em> element specifies styles for cells
that are not governed by other specified styles.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:body&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:body&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2077">19.692</a>
and <em>table:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:body&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="tableeven-rows"><span id="anchor-2082"></span><span
id="anchor-2064"></span>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</em> element specifies styles to be
applied to even rows in a table. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2077">19.692</a> and <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tableodd-rows"><span id="anchor-2083"></span><span
id="anchor-2065"></span>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</em> element specifies styles to be
applied to odd rows in a table. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2077">19.692</a> and <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tableeven-columns"><span id="anchor-2084"></span><span
id="anchor-2066"></span>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</em> element specifies styles to
be applied to even columns in a table.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2077">19.692</a> and <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="tableodd-columns"><span id="anchor-2085"></span><span
id="anchor-2067"></span>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</em> element specifies styles to be
applied to odd columns in a table. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2077">19.692</a> and <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="tablebackground"><span id="anchor-2086"></span><span
id="anchor-2073"></span>&lt;table:background&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:background&gt;</em> element specifies a table style
that provides a background to a table that is visible if all or part of
the table is transparent.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:background&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:background&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;table:background&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-face"><span id="anchor-2087"></span><span
id="anchor-177"></span>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> element represents a font face
declaration which documents the properties of a font used in a
document.</p>
<p> font face declarations directly correspond to the @font-face font
description of <a href="#nref-css2a">[CSS2]</a> (see §15.3.1) and the
&lt;font-face&gt; element of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a> (see
§20.8.3).</p>
<p> font face declarations may have an unique name. This name can be
used inside styles (as an attribute of
<em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> element) as value of the
<em>style:font-name</em> attribute to select a font face declaration. If
a font face declaration is referenced by name, the font-matching
algorithms for selecting a font declaration based on the font-family,
font-style, font-variant, font-weight and font-size descriptors are not
used but the referenced font face declaration is used directly. (See
§15.5 <a href="#nref-css2a">[CSS2]</a>)</p>
<p>Consumers should implement the CSS2 font-matching algorithm with the
OpenDocument font face extensions. They may implement variations of the
CSS2 font-matching algorithm. They may implement a font-matching based
only on the font face declarations, that is, a font-matching that is not
applied to every character independently but only once for each font
face declaration. (See §15.5 <a href="#nref-css2a">[CSS2]</a>)</p>
<p>Font face declarations support the font descriptor attributes and
elements described in §20.8.3 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:font-face-decls&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-50">3.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:font-adornments</em> <a
href="#anchor-2088">19.482</a>, <em>style:font-charset</em> <a
href="#anchor-2089">19.483</a>, <em>style:font-family-generic</em> <a
href="#anchor-2090">19.484</a>, <em>style:font-pitch</em> <a
href="#anchor-2091">19.485</a>, <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a>, <em>svg:accent-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2092">19.523</a>, <em>svg:alphabetic</em> <a
href="#anchor-2093">19.524</a>, <em>svg:ascent</em> <a
href="#anchor-2094">19.525</a>, <em>svg:bbox</em> <a
href="#anchor-2095">19.526</a>, <em>svg:cap-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2096">19.527</a>, <em>svg:descent</em> <a
href="#anchor-2097">19.531</a>, <em>svg:font-family</em> <a
href="#anchor-2098">19.532</a>, <em>svg:font-size</em> <a
href="#anchor-2099">19.533</a>, <em>svg:font-stretch</em> <a
href="#anchor-2100">19.534</a>, <em>svg:font-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2101">19.535</a>, <em>svg:font-variant</em> <a
href="#anchor-2102">19.536</a>, <em>svg:font-weight</em> <a
href="#anchor-2103">19.537</a>, <em>svg:hanging</em> <a
href="#anchor-2104">19.542</a>, <em>svg:ideographic</em> <a
href="#anchor-2105">19.544</a>, <em>svg:mathematical</em> <a
href="#anchor-2106">19.545</a>, <em>svg:overline-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2107">19.549</a>, <em>svg:overline-thickness</em> <a
href="#anchor-2108">19.550</a>, <em>svg:panose-1</em> <a
href="#anchor-2109">19.551</a>, <em>svg:slope</em> <a
href="#anchor-2110">19.556</a>, <em>svg:stemh</em> <a
href="#anchor-2111">19.558</a>, <em>svg:stemv</em> <a
href="#anchor-2112">19.559</a>, <em>svg:strikethrough-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2113">19.562</a>, <em>svg:strikethrough-thickness</em> <a
href="#anchor-2114">19.563</a>, <em>svg:underline-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2115">19.566</a>, <em>svg:underline-thickness</em> <a
href="#anchor-2116">19.567</a>, <em>svg:unicode-range</em> <a
href="#anchor-2117">19.568</a>, <em>svg:units-per-em</em> <a
href="#anchor-2118">19.569</a>, <em>svg:v-alphabetic</em> <a
href="#anchor-2119">19.570</a>, <em>svg:v-hanging</em> <a
href="#anchor-2120">19.571</a>, <em>svg:v-ideographic</em> <a
href="#anchor-2121">19.572</a>, <em>svg:v-mathematical</em> <a
href="#anchor-2122">19.573</a>, <em>svg:widths</em> <a
href="#anchor-2123">19.576</a> and <em>svg:x-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2124">19.580</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2125">16.27</a> and <em>&lt;svg:font-face-src&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2126">16.24</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgfont-face-src"><span id="anchor-2127"></span><span
id="anchor-2126"></span>&lt;svg:font-face-src&gt;</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-src&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-src&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-src&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;svg:font-face-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2128">16.25</a> and <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2129">16.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgfont-face-name"><span id="anchor-2130"></span><span
id="anchor-2128"></span>&lt;svg:font-face-name&gt;</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-name&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;svg:font-face-src&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2126">16.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-name&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>svg:name</em> <a href="#anchor-2131">19.546</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-name&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="svgfont-face-uri"><span id="anchor-2132"></span><span
id="anchor-2129"></span>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</h2>
<p>See § 20.8.3 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;svg:font-face-src&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2126">16.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;svg:font-face-format&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2133">16.28</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgdefinition-src"><span id="anchor-2134"></span><span
id="anchor-2125"></span>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</h2>
<p>See § 20.8.3 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="svgfont-face-format"><span id="anchor-2135"></span><span
id="anchor-2133"></span>&lt;svg:font-face-format&gt;</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-format&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2129">16.26</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-format&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>svg:string</em> <a href="#anchor-2136">19.564</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:font-face-format&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="data-styles"><span id="anchor-2137"></span><span
id="Data Style"></span>Data Styles</h2>
<h3 id="general-56"><span id="anchor-2138"></span><span
id="Data Style General"></span>General</h3>
<p>Data styles specify the styles to be applied to defined data types
for display.</p>
<p>Data styles shall not specify two <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em>
elements in sequence as part of a data style.</p>
<p>Data styles shall specify at most one
<em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> element.</p>
<h3 id="numbernumber-style"><span id="anchor-2139"></span><span
id="anchor-192"></span>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> element is a container for
elements that define a style for decimal numbers.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Tab alignment should be supported in spreadsheets for
interoperability (display) purposes.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a> and <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:country</em> <a href="#anchor-2140">19.342</a>,
<em>number:language</em> <a href="#anchor-2141">19.351</a>,
<em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> <a href="#anchor-2142">19.360</a>,
<em>number:script</em> <a href="#anchor-2143">19.361</a>,
<em>number:title</em> <a href="#anchor-2144">19.364</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-country</em> <a
href="#anchor-2145">19.365</a>, <em>number:transliteration-format</em>
<a href="#anchor-2146">19.366</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-language</em> <a
href="#anchor-2147">19.367</a>, <em>number:transliteration-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2148">19.368</a>, <em>style:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a>, <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> and <em>style:volatile</em> <a
href="#anchor-2149">19.521</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2150">16.29.5</a>, <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2151">16.29.7</a>, <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a>,
<em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2153">16.29.6</a>, <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2154">16.29.27</a>, <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a> and <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numbernumber"><span id="anchor-2155"></span><span
id="anchor-2152"></span>&lt;number:number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> element specifies the display
formatting properties for a decimal number.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a> and
<em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:decimal-places</em> <a
href="#anchor-2156">19.343</a>, <em>number:decimal-replacement</em> <a
href="#anchor-2157">19.344</a>, <em>number:display-factor</em> <a
href="#anchor-2158">19.346</a>, <em>number:grouping</em> <a
href="#anchor-2159">19.350</a>, <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> <a
href="#anchor-2160">19.356</a> and <em>number:min-integer-digits</em> <a
href="#anchor-2161">19.355</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;number:embedded-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2162">16.29.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numberembedded-text"><span id="anchor-2163"></span><span
id="anchor-2162"></span>&lt;number:embedded-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:embedded-text&gt;</em> element specifies text that
is displayed at one specific position within a number.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:embedded-text&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:embedded-text&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>number:position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2164">19.358</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:embedded-text&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:embedded-text&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="numberfill-character"><span id="anchor-2165"></span><span
id="anchor-2150"></span>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> element specifies a
Unicode character that is displayed repeatedly at the position where the
element occurs. The character specified is repeated as many times as
possible, but the total resulting string shall not exceed the given cell
content area.</p>
<p>Fill characters may not fill all the available space in a cell. The
distribution of the remaining space is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="numberscientific-number"><span id="anchor-2166"></span><span
id="anchor-2153"></span>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> element specifies the
display formatting properties for a number style that should be
displayed in scientific format.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>number:decimal-places</em> <a
href="#anchor-2156">19.343</a>, <em>number:exponent-interval</em> <a
href="#anchor-2167">19.347</a>, <em>number:forced-exponent-sign</em> <a
href="#anchor-2168">19.349</a>, <em>number:grouping</em> <a
href="#anchor-2159">19.350</a>, <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> <a
href="#anchor-2160">19.356</a>, <em>number:min-exponent-digits</em> <a
href="#anchor-2169">19.354</a> and <em>number:min-integer-digits</em> <a
href="#anchor-2161">19.355</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="numberfraction"><span id="anchor-2170"></span><span
id="anchor-2151"></span>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> element specifies the display
formatting properties for a number style that should be displayed as a
fraction.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:denominator-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-2171">19.345</a>, <em>number:grouping</em> <a
href="#anchor-2159">19.350</a>, <em>number:max-denominator-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-2172">19.352</a>, <em>number:min-denominator-digits</em>
<a href="#anchor-2173">19.353</a>, <em>number:min-integer-digits</em> <a
href="#anchor-2161">19.355</a> and <em>number:min-numerator-digits</em>
<a href="#anchor-2174">19.357</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="numbercurrency-style"><span id="anchor-2175"></span><span
id="anchor-190"></span>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em> element specifies the
style for currency values.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a> and <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:automatic-order</em> <a
href="#anchor-2176">19.340</a>, <em>number:country</em> <a
href="#anchor-2140">19.342</a>, <em>number:language</em> <a
href="#anchor-2141">19.351</a>, <em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> <a
href="#anchor-2142">19.360</a>, <em>number:script</em> <a
href="#anchor-2143">19.361</a>, <em>number:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-2144">19.364</a>, <em>number:transliteration-country</em>
<a href="#anchor-2145">19.365</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-2146">19.366</a>, <em>number:transliteration-language</em>
<a href="#anchor-2147">19.367</a>, <em>number:transliteration-style</em>
<a href="#anchor-2148">19.368</a>, <em>style:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a>, <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> and <em>style:volatile</em> <a
href="#anchor-2149">19.521</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2177">16.29.9</a>, <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2150">16.29.5</a>, <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a>, <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2154">16.29.27</a>, <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a> and <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numbercurrency-symbol"><span id="anchor-2178"></span><span
id="anchor-2177"></span>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> element specifies whether
a currency symbol is displayed in a currency style.</p>
<p>The content of this element is the text that is displayed as the
currency symbol. If the element is empty or contains white space
characters only, the default currency symbol for the currency style or
the language and country of the currency style is displayed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:country</em> <a href="#anchor-2140">19.342</a>,
<em>number:language</em> <a href="#anchor-2141">19.351</a>,
<em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> <a href="#anchor-2142">19.360</a> and
<em>number:script</em> <a href="#anchor-2143">19.361</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> element has character
data content.</p>
<h3 id="numberpercentage-style"><span id="anchor-2179"></span><span
id="anchor-193"></span>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em> element specifies the
style for percentage values.</p>
<p>A <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em> element should have
<em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> child element whose character data contains
a “%” (U+0025, PERCENT SIGN) character.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a> and <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>number:country</em> <a
href="#anchor-2140">19.342</a>, <em>number:language</em> <a
href="#anchor-2141">19.351</a>, <em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> <a
href="#anchor-2142">19.360</a>, <em>number:script</em> <a
href="#anchor-2143">19.361</a>, <em>number:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-2144">19.364</a>, <em>number:transliteration-country</em>
<a href="#anchor-2145">19.365</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-2146">19.366</a>, <em>number:transliteration-language</em>
<a href="#anchor-2147">19.367</a>, <em>number:transliteration-style</em>
<a href="#anchor-2148">19.368</a>, <em>style:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a>, <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> and <em>style:volatile</em> <a
href="#anchor-2149">19.521</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2150">16.29.5</a>, <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a>, <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2154">16.29.27</a>, <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a> and <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numberdate-style"><span id="anchor-2180"></span><span
id="anchor-191"></span>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> element specifies a style for
date values.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a> and <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:automatic-order</em> <a
href="#anchor-2176">19.340</a>, <em>number:country</em> <a
href="#anchor-2140">19.342</a>, <em>number:format-source</em> <a
href="#anchor-2181">19.348</a>, <em>number:language</em> <a
href="#anchor-2141">19.351</a>, <em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> <a
href="#anchor-2142">19.360</a>, <em>number:script</em> <a
href="#anchor-2143">19.361</a>, <em>number:title</em> <a
href="#anchor-2144">19.364</a>, <em>number:transliteration-country</em>
<a href="#anchor-2145">19.365</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-2146">19.366</a>, <em>number:transliteration-language</em>
<a href="#anchor-2147">19.367</a>, <em>number:transliteration-style</em>
<a href="#anchor-2148">19.368</a>, <em>style:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a>, <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> and <em>style:volatile</em> <a
href="#anchor-2149">19.521</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2182">16.29.23</a>, <em>&lt;number:day&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2183">16.29.12</a>, <em>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2184">16.29.16</a>, <em>&lt;number:era&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2185">16.29.15</a>, <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2150">16.29.5</a>, <em>&lt;number:hours&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2186">16.29.20</a>, <em>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2187">16.29.21</a>, <em>&lt;number:month&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2188">16.29.13</a>, <em>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2189">16.29.18</a>, <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2190">16.29.22</a>, <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2154">16.29.27</a>, <em>&lt;number:week-of-year&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2191">16.29.17</a>, <em>&lt;number:year&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2192">16.29.14</a>, <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a> and <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numberday"><span id="anchor-2193"></span><span
id="anchor-2183"></span>&lt;number:day&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:day&gt;</em> element specifies a day of a month in
a date.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:day&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:day&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>number:calendar</em> <a href="#anchor-2194">19.341</a> and
<em>number:style</em> <a href="#anchor-2195">19.362</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:day&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="numbermonth"><span id="anchor-2196"></span><span
id="anchor-2188"></span>&lt;number:month&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:month&gt;</em> element specifies a month in a
date.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:month&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:month&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:calendar</em> <a href="#anchor-2194">19.341</a>,
<em>number:possessive-form</em> <a href="#anchor-2197">19.359</a>,
<em>number:style</em> <a href="#anchor-2195">19.362</a> and
<em>number:textual</em> <a href="#anchor-2198">19.363</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:month&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="numberyear"><span id="anchor-2199"></span><span
id="anchor-2192"></span>&lt;number:year&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:year&gt;</em> element specifies a year in a
date.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:year&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:year&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:calendar</em> <a href="#anchor-2194">19.341</a>
and <em>number:style</em> <a href="#anchor-2195">19.362</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:year&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="numberera"><span id="anchor-2200"></span><span
id="anchor-2185"></span>&lt;number:era&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:era&gt;</em> element specifies an era in which a
year is counted.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:era&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:era&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>number:calendar</em> <a href="#anchor-2194">19.341</a> and
<em>number:style</em> <a href="#anchor-2195">19.362</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:era&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="numberday-of-week"><span id="anchor-2201"></span><span
id="anchor-2184"></span>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</em> element specifies a day of a
week in a date.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:calendar</em> <a href="#anchor-2194">19.341</a>
and <em>number:style</em> <a href="#anchor-2195">19.362</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="numberweek-of-year"><span id="anchor-2202"></span><span
id="anchor-2191"></span>&lt;number:week-of-year&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:week-of-year&gt;</em> element specifies a week of
a year in a date.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:week-of-year&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:week-of-year&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>number:calendar</em> <a
href="#anchor-2194">19.341</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:week-of-year&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="numberquarter"><span id="anchor-2203"></span><span
id="anchor-2189"></span>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</em> element specifies a quarter of a
year in a date.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:calendar</em> <a href="#anchor-2194">19.341</a>
and <em>number:style</em> <a href="#anchor-2195">19.362</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="numbertime-style"><span id="anchor-2204"></span><span
id="anchor-195"></span>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> element specifies a style for
time values.</p>
<p>This element can contain <em>one</em> instance of any of the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:hours&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> element can also contain
<em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> elements, which display additional text.
</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a> and <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:country</em> <a href="#anchor-2140">19.342</a>,
<em>number:format-source</em> <a href="#anchor-2181">19.348</a>,
<em>number:language</em> <a href="#anchor-2141">19.351</a>,
<em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> <a href="#anchor-2142">19.360</a>,
<em>number:script</em> <a href="#anchor-2143">19.361</a>,
<em>number:title</em> <a href="#anchor-2144">19.364</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-country</em> <a
href="#anchor-2145">19.365</a>, <em>number:transliteration-format</em>
<a href="#anchor-2146">19.366</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-language</em> <a
href="#anchor-2147">19.367</a>, <em>number:transliteration-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2148">19.368</a>, <em>number:truncate-on-overflow</em> <a
href="#anchor-2205">19.369</a>, <em>style:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a>, <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> and <em>style:volatile</em> <a
href="#anchor-2149">19.521</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2182">16.29.23</a>, <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2150">16.29.5</a>, <em>&lt;number:hours&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2186">16.29.20</a>, <em>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2187">16.29.21</a>, <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2190">16.29.22</a>, <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2154">16.29.27</a>, <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a> and <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numberhours"><span id="anchor-2206"></span><span
id="anchor-2186"></span>&lt;number:hours&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:hours&gt;</em> element specifies whether hours are
displayed as part of a date or time.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:hours&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a> and <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:hours&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>number:style</em> <a href="#anchor-2195">19.362</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:hours&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="numberminutes"><span id="anchor-2207"></span><span
id="anchor-2187"></span>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</em> element specifies whether minutes
are displayed as part of a date or time.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a> and <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>number:style</em> <a href="#anchor-2195">19.362</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="numberseconds"><span id="anchor-2208"></span><span
id="anchor-2190"></span>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> element specifies whether seconds
are displayed as part of a date or time.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a> and <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:decimal-places</em> <a
href="#anchor-2156">19.343</a> and <em>number:style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2195">19.362</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="numberam-pm"><span id="anchor-2209"></span><span
id="anchor-2182"></span>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</em> element specifies whether AM/PM is
included as part of a date or time.</p>
<p>If a <em>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</em> element is contained in a date or
time style, hours are displayed using values from 1 to 12 only.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a> and <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:am-pm&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="numberboolean-style"><span id="anchor-2210"></span><span
id="anchor-189"></span>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> element defines a style for
Boolean values.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a> and <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:country</em> <a href="#anchor-2140">19.342</a>,
<em>number:language</em> <a href="#anchor-2141">19.351</a>,
<em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> <a href="#anchor-2142">19.360</a>,
<em>number:script</em> <a href="#anchor-2143">19.361</a>,
<em>number:title</em> <a href="#anchor-2144">19.364</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-country</em> <a
href="#anchor-2145">19.365</a>, <em>number:transliteration-format</em>
<a href="#anchor-2146">19.366</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-language</em> <a
href="#anchor-2147">19.367</a>, <em>number:transliteration-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2148">19.368</a>, <em>style:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a>, <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> and <em>style:volatile</em> <a
href="#anchor-2149">19.521</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2211">16.29.25</a>, <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2154">16.29.27</a>, <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a> and <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numberboolean"><span id="anchor-2212"></span><span
id="anchor-2211"></span>&lt;number:boolean&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:boolean&gt;</em> element marks the position of the
Boolean value of a Boolean style.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:boolean&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:boolean&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:boolean&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="numbertext-style"><span id="anchor-2213"></span><span
id="anchor-194"></span>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em> element defines a style for
displaying text.</p>
<p>It can also contain <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> elements, which
display additional text.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a> and <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>number:country</em> <a href="#anchor-2140">19.342</a>,
<em>number:language</em> <a href="#anchor-2141">19.351</a>,
<em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> <a href="#anchor-2142">19.360</a>,
<em>number:script</em> <a href="#anchor-2143">19.361</a>,
<em>number:title</em> <a href="#anchor-2144">19.364</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-country</em> <a
href="#anchor-2145">19.365</a>, <em>number:transliteration-format</em>
<a href="#anchor-2146">19.366</a>,
<em>number:transliteration-language</em> <a
href="#anchor-2147">19.367</a>, <em>number:transliteration-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2148">19.368</a>, <em>style:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a>, <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> and <em>style:volatile</em> <a
href="#anchor-2149">19.521</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2150">16.29.5</a>, <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2154">16.29.27</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-content&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2214">16.29.28</a>, <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a> and <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numbertext"><span id="anchor-2215"></span><span
id="anchor-2154"></span>&lt;number:text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> element contains any fixed text for
a data style.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text&gt;</em> element has character data
content.</p>
<h3 id="numbertext-content"><span id="anchor-2216"></span><span
id="anchor-2214"></span>&lt;number:text-content&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text-content&gt;</em> element marks the position
of variable text content of a text style.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text-content&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text-content&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;number:text-content&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h3 id="styletext-properties"><span id="anchor-2217"></span><span
id="anchor-2031"></span>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for text.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a>, <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-197">16.4</a>, <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2218">16.33</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a> and
<em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>fo:background-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2221">20.182</a>, <em>fo:color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2222">20.187</a>, <em>fo:country</em> <a
href="#anchor-2223">20.188</a>, <em>fo:font-family</em> <a
href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a>, <em>fo:font-size</em> <a
href="#anchor-2225">20.190</a>, <em>fo:font-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2226">20.191</a>, <em>fo:font-variant</em> <a
href="#anchor-2227">20.192</a>, <em>fo:font-weight</em> <a
href="#anchor-2228">20.193</a>, <em>fo:hyphenate</em> <a
href="#anchor-2229">20.195</a>, <em>fo:hyphenation-push-char-count</em>
<a href="#anchor-2230">20.198</a>,
<em>fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-2231">20.199</a>, <em>fo:language</em> <a
href="#anchor-2232">20.202</a>, <em>fo:letter-spacing</em> <a
href="#anchor-2233">20.203</a>, <em>fo:script</em> <a
href="#anchor-2234">20.222</a>, <em>fo:text-shadow</em> <a
href="#anchor-2235">20.226</a>, <em>fo:text-transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-2236">20.227</a>, <em>style:country-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2237">20.256</a>, <em>style:country-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2238">20.257</a>, <em>style:font-charset</em> <a
href="#anchor-2239">20.268</a>, <em>style:font-charset-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2240">20.269</a>, <em>style:font-charset-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2241">20.270</a>, <em>style:font-family-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2242">20.271</a>, <em>style:font-family-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2243">20.272</a>, <em>style:font-family-generic</em> <a
href="#anchor-2244">20.273</a>, <em>style:font-family-generic-asian</em>
<a href="#anchor-2245">20.274</a>,
<em>style:font-family-generic-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2246">20.275</a>, <em>style:font-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2247">20.277</a>, <em>style:font-name-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2248">20.278</a>, <em>style:font-name-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2249">20.279</a>, <em>style:font-pitch</em> <a
href="#anchor-2250">20.280</a>, <em>style:font-pitch-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2251">20.281</a>, <em>style:font-pitch-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2252">20.282</a>, <em>style:font-relief</em> <a
href="#anchor-2253">20.283</a>, <em>style:font-size-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2254">20.284</a>, <em>style:font-size-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2255">20.285</a>, <em>style:font-size-rel</em> <a
href="#anchor-2256">20.286</a>, <em>style:font-size-rel-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2257">20.287</a>, <em>style:font-size-rel-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2258">20.288</a>, <em>style:font-style-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2259">20.289</a>, <em>style:font-style-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2260">20.290</a>, <em>style:font-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2261">20.291</a>, <em>style:font-style-name-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2262">20.292</a>, <em>style:font-style-name-complex</em>
<a href="#anchor-2263">20.293</a>, <em>style:font-weight-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2264">20.294</a>, <em>style:font-weight-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2265">20.295</a>, <em>style:language-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2266">20.302</a>, <em>style:language-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2267">20.303</a>, <em>style:letter-kerning</em> <a
href="#anchor-2268">20.316</a>, <em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> <a
href="#anchor-2269">20.343</a>, <em>style:rfc-language-tag-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2270">20.344</a>, <em>style:rfc-language-tag-complex</em>
<a href="#anchor-2271">20.345</a>, <em>style:script-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2272">20.356</a>, <em>style:script-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2273">20.357</a>, <em>style:script-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a>, <em>style:text-blinking</em> <a
href="#anchor-2275">20.366</a>, <em>style:text-combine</em> <a
href="#anchor-2276">20.367</a>, <em>style:text-combine-end-char</em> <a
href="#anchor-2277">20.369</a>, <em>style:text-combine-start-char</em>
<a href="#anchor-2278">20.368</a>, <em>style:text-emphasize</em> <a
href="#anchor-2279">20.370</a>, <em>style:text-line-through-color</em>
<a href="#anchor-2280">20.371</a>, <em>style:text-line-through-mode</em>
<a href="#anchor-2281">20.372</a>,
<em>style:text-line-through-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2282">20.373</a>, <em>style:text-line-through-text</em> <a
href="#anchor-2283">20.374</a>,
<em>style:text-line-through-text-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2284">20.375</a>, <em>style:text-line-through-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2285">20.376</a>, <em>style:text-line-through-width</em>
<a href="#anchor-2286">20.377</a>, <em>style:text-outline</em> <a
href="#anchor-2287">20.378</a>, <em>style:text-overline-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2288">20.379</a>, <em>style:text-overline-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2289">20.380</a>, <em>style:text-overline-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2290">20.381</a>, <em>style:text-overline-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2291">20.382</a>, <em>style:text-overline-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2292">20.383</a>, <em>style:text-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2293">20.384</a>, <em>style:text-rotation-angle</em> <a
href="#anchor-2294">20.385</a>, <em>style:text-rotation-scale</em> <a
href="#anchor-2295">20.386</a>, <em>style:text-scale</em> <a
href="#anchor-2296">20.387</a>, <em>style:text-underline-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2297">20.388</a>, <em>style:text-underline-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2298">20.389</a>, <em>style:text-underline-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2299">20.390</a>, <em>style:text-underline-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2300">20.391</a>, <em>style:text-underline-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2301">20.392</a>, <em>style:use-window-font-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2302">20.395</a>, <em>text:condition</em> <a
href="#anchor-2303">20.426</a>, <em>text:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-2304">20.427</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="text-content-style-families"><span id="anchor-2305"></span>Text
Content Style Families</h2>
<h3 id="text-styles"><span id="anchor-2306"></span>Text Styles</h3>
<p>Text styles are represented by <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> elements
whose <em>style:family</em> attribute has the value text. </p>
<h3 id="paragraph-styles"><span id="anchor-2307"></span>Paragraph
Styles</h3>
<p>Paragraph styles are represented by <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em>
elements whose <em>style:family</em> attribute has the value paragraph.
</p>
<p>In addition to paragraph properties, paragraph styles may define text
properties. These are applied to the character content of the paragraph
unless they are overwritten by a text style that is specified by any of
the descendant elements of the paragraph element.</p>
<h3 id="section-styles"><span id="anchor-2308"></span>Section
Styles</h3>
<p>Section styles are represented by <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em>
elements whose <em>style:family</em> attribute has the value section.
</p>
<h3 id="ruby-styles"><span id="anchor-2309"></span>Ruby Styles</h3>
<p>Ruby styles are represented by <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> elements
whose <em>style:family</em> attribute has the value ruby. </p>
<h2 id="enhanced-text-styles"><span id="anchor-2310"></span>Enhanced
Text Styles</h2>
<h3 id="textlinenumbering-configuration"><span
id="anchor-2311"></span><span
id="anchor-204"></span>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> element
specifies line numbering within the <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>, <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a
href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>, <em>text:count-empty-lines</em> <a
href="#anchor-2312">19.788</a>, <em>text:count-in-text-boxes</em> <a
href="#anchor-2313">19.789</a>, <em>text:increment</em> <a
href="#anchor-2314">19.814</a>, <em>text:number-lines</em> <a
href="#anchor-2315">19.845</a>, <em>text:number-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2316">19.846</a>, <em>text:offset</em> <a
href="#anchor-2317">19.848</a>, <em>text:restart-on-page</em> <a
href="#anchor-2318">19.864</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2319">16.31.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textlinenumbering-separator"><span id="anchor-2320"></span><span
id="anchor-2319"></span>&lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt;</em> element contains
the text that is displayed as a separator. A separator is text that is
displayed instead of a line number for lines where no number is
displayed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element:
<em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt;</em> element has the
following attribute: <em>text:increment</em> <a
href="#anchor-2314">19.814</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt;</em> element has
character data content.</p>
<h3 id="textnotes-configuration"><span id="anchor-2321"></span><span
id="anchor-206"></span>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>A <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> element specifies values
for each note class used in a document. If there is no note
configuration element, an implementation-defined default note
configuration is used.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a> and
<em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>, <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a
href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>, <em>style:num-prefix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2322">19.506</a>, <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a>, <em>text:citation-body-style-name</em>
<a href="#anchor-2324">19.773</a>, <em>text:citation-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2325">19.774</a>, <em>text:default-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2326">19.800</a>, <em>text:footnotes-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2327">19.810</a>, <em>text:master-page-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-450">19.839</a>, <em>text:note-class</em> <a
href="#anchor-546">19.843</a>, <em>text:start-numbering-at</em> <a
href="#anchor-2328">19.875</a> and <em>text:start-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-322">19.874</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements:
<em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2329">16.31.5</a> and
<em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2330">16.31.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textnote-continuation-notice-forward"><span
id="anchor-2331"></span><span
id="anchor-2330"></span>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt;</em> elements
specifies the text that is displayed at the end of a footnote that is
continued on the next page</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element:
<em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt;</em> element
has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt;</em> element
has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-forward&gt;</em> element
has character data content.</p>
<h3 id="textnote-continuation-notice-backward"><span
id="anchor-2332"></span><span
id="anchor-2329"></span>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt;</em> elements
specifies the text that is displayed before continued text.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt;</em> element
is usable within the following element:
<em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt;</em> element
has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt;</em> element
has no child elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:note-continuation-notice-backward&gt;</em> element
has character data content.</p>
<h3 id="textbibliography-configuration"><span
id="anchor-2333"></span><span
id="anchor-203"></span>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> element
specifies how bibliography entries are displayed in-line, and how they
are displayed in a bibliography index.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:country</em> <a
href="#anchor-824">19.234</a>, <em>fo:language</em> <a
href="#anchor-825">19.236</a>, <em>fo:script</em> <a
href="#anchor-826">19.242</a>, <em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> <a
href="#anchor-827">19.516</a>, <em>text:numbered-entries</em> <a
href="#anchor-2334">19.847</a>, <em>text:prefix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2335">19.854</a>, <em>text:sort-algorithm</em> <a
href="#anchor-836">19.871</a>, <em>text:sort-by-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2336">19.873</a> and <em>text:suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2337">19.882</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;text:sort-key&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2338">16.31.7</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsort-key"><span id="anchor-2339"></span><span
id="anchor-2338"></span>&lt;text:sort-key&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sort-key&gt;</em> element specifies a single sort
key if bibliography entries are not displayed in document order.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sort-key&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sort-key&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>text:key</em> <a href="#anchor-2340">19.826</a> and
<em>text:sort-ascending</em> <a href="#anchor-2341">19.872</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:sort-key&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="textlist-style"><span id="anchor-2342"></span><span
id="anchor-205"></span>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> element contains a set of style
elements for each list level, which are called <em>list level
styles</em>. There are three different list level style elements,
depending on whether a list level is to have a list label containing the
list numbering, a bullet, or an image.</p>
<p>If a list style is applied to a list but does not contain a list
level specification for a specific level, the list level style of the
next lower level is used. If no specific list level style has been
defined, an implementation-dependent default style is used.</p>
<p>Including a list style element in a graphic style has the same
semantics as adding a <em>style:list-style-name</em> attribute ( <a
href="#anchor-2015">19.500</a>) to the style that references a list
style that is declared outside a graphic style. </p>
<p> The inclusion of a list style element is needed in cases where a
common graphic style should be associated with an automatic list
style.</p>
<p>List styles contained in graphic styles can be referenced by other
graphic styles using the <em>style:list-style-name</em> attribute. Their
names are not displayed in the user interface, even if the graphic style
that contains it is a common style.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a>, <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a>, <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> and <em>text:consecutive-numbering</em>
<a href="#anchor-2343">19.784</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2218">16.33</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a> and
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textlist-level-style-bullet"><span id="anchor-2344"></span><span
id="anchor-2218"></span>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</h2>
<p>A <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> element specifies a
list style where list items are preceded by bullets.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-205">16.32</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>style:num-prefix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2322">19.506</a>, <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a>, <em>text:bullet-char</em> <a
href="#anchor-2345">19.765</a>, <em>text:bullet-relative-size</em> <a
href="#anchor-2346">19.766</a>, <em>text:level</em> <a
href="#anchor-462">19.834</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a> and
<em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textlist-level-style-number"><span id="anchor-2348"></span><span
id="anchor-2219"></span>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</h2>
<p>A <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> specifies a list
style where list items are preceded by numbers.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-205">16.32</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>, <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a
href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>, <em>style:num-prefix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2322">19.506</a>, <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a>, <em>text:display-levels</em> <a
href="#anchor-2349">19.803</a>, <em>text:level</em> <a
href="#anchor-462">19.834</a>, <em>text:start-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-322">19.874</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a> and
<em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textlist-level-style-image"><span id="anchor-2350"></span><span
id="anchor-1356"></span>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</h2>
<p>A <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> specifies a list style
where list items are preceded by images. This element can be the target
of a link <a href="#nref-xlink">[XLink]</a> and can only be contained in
list style elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-205">16.32</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>text:level</em> <a
href="#anchor-462">19.834</a>, <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a
href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>, <em>xlink:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1353">10.4.5</a> and
<em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textoutline-style"><span id="anchor-2351"></span><span
id="anchor-207"></span>&lt;text:outline-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:outline-style&gt;</em> element contains the elements
that specify a style for each outline level.</p>
<p>An outline style is a list style that is applied to all headings
within a text document where the heading's paragraph style does not
define a list style to use itself.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:outline-style&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:outline-style&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>style:name</em> <a href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:outline-style&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textoutline-level-style"><span id="anchor-2352"></span><span
id="anchor-2220"></span>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> element specifies a
style for the specified level.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;text:outline-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-207">16.36</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>style:num-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>, <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a
href="#anchor-571">19.505</a>, <em>style:num-prefix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2322">19.506</a>, <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a>, <em>text:display-levels</em> <a
href="#anchor-2349">19.803</a>, <em>text:level</em> <a
href="#anchor-462">19.834</a>, <em>text:start-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-322">19.874</a> and <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a> and
<em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="table-styles"><span id="anchor-2353"></span>Table Styles</h2>
<h3 id="table-styles-1"><span id="anchor-2354"></span><span
id="Table Styles"></span>Table Styles</h3>
<p>Table styles are <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> elements that have the
family table. </p>
<h3 id="table-column-styles"><span id="anchor-2355"></span><span
id="Table Column Styles"></span>Table Column Styles</h3>
<p>Table column styles are <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> elements that
have the family table-column. </p>
<h3 id="table-row-styles"><span id="anchor-2356"></span><span
id="Table Row Styles"></span>Table Row Styles</h3>
<p>Table row styles are <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> elements that have
the family table-row. </p>
<h3 id="table-cell-styles"><span id="anchor-2357"></span><span
id="Table Cell Styles"></span>Table Cell Styles</h3>
<p>Table cell styles are <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> elements that have
the family table-cell.</p>
<p>In addition to table cell properties, table cell styles may define
paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained
in a table cell unless they are overwritten by paragraph styles that are
specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<h2 id="graphic-styles"><span id="anchor-2358"></span>Graphic
Styles</h2>
<p>Graphic styles are <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> elements that have
the family graphic.</p>
<p>In addition to graphic properties, graphic styles may define
paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained
in drawing objects unless they are overwritten by paragraph styles that
are specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<h2 id="presentation-styles"><span id="anchor-2359"></span>Presentation
Styles</h2>
<p>Presentation styles are <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> elements that
have the family presentation.</p>
<p>In addition to graphic properties, presentation styles may define
paragraph and text properties. These are applied to paragraphs contained
in drawing objects unless they are overwritten by paragraph styles that
are specified by the paragraph elements themselves. </p>
<h2 id="drawing-page-style"><span id="anchor-2360"></span><span
id="Drawing Page Style"></span>Drawing Page Style</h2>
<p>A drawing page style is a <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with
family drawing-page. </p>
<p>Drawing page styles can be used to change the background of a page.
If a background is set with the help of a drawing page style, it
overrides the background of the master page that is assigned to the
page, but not the shapes that are on the master page.</p>
<p>Within presentation documents, the drawing page style may contain
presentation formatting properties.</p>
<h2 id="enhanced-graphic-style-elements"><span
id="anchor-2361"></span>Enhanced Graphic Style Elements</h2>
<h3 id="drawgradient"><span id="anchor-2362"></span><span
id="anchor-184"></span>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> element defines a gradient for
filling a drawing object. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:angle</em> <a href="#anchor-2363">19.112</a>,
<em>draw:border</em> <a href="#anchor-2364">19.114</a>, <em>draw:cx</em>
<a href="#anchor-2365">19.129</a>, <em>draw:cy</em> <a
href="#anchor-2366">19.130</a>, <em>draw:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2367">19.133</a>, <em>draw:end-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2368">19.141</a>, <em>draw:end-intensity</em> <a
href="#anchor-2369">19.143</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:start-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2370">19.214</a>, <em>draw:start-intensity</em> <a
href="#anchor-2371">19.216</a> and <em>draw:style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2372">19.218</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="svglineargradient"><span id="anchor-2373"></span><span
id="anchor-200"></span>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> element as specified in §13.2
of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a> can be used in documents in format
subject to the following rules:</p>
<ul>
<li>The gradient shall have a name. It is specified by the
<em>draw:name</em> attribute.</li>
<li>Only the <em>svg:gradientTransform</em>, <em>svg:x1</em>,
<em>svg:y1</em>, <em>svg:x2</em>, <em>svg:y2</em> and
<em>svg:spreadMethod</em> attributes are evaluated.</li>
<li>The gradient shall be calculated as having a
<em>svg:gradientUnits</em> attribute value of objectBoundingBox. </li>
<li>The only child element that is evaluated is
<em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em>.</li>
<li>For <em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em>, only the <em>svg:offset</em>,
<em>svg:stop-color</em> and <em>svg:stop-opacity</em> attributes are
evaluated.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2367">19.133</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>svg:gradientTransform</em> <a
href="#anchor-2374">19.540</a>, <em>svg:gradientUnits</em> <a
href="#anchor-2375">19.541</a>, <em>svg:spreadMethod</em> <a
href="#anchor-2376">19.557</a>, <em>svg:x1</em> <a
href="#anchor-1257">19.578</a>, <em>svg:x2</em> <a
href="#anchor-1258">19.579</a>, <em>svg:y1</em> <a
href="#anchor-1259">19.582</a> and <em>svg:y2</em> <a
href="#anchor-1260">19.583</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2377">16.42.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svgradialgradient"><span id="anchor-2378"></span><span
id="anchor-201"></span>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> element as specified in §13.2
of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a> can be used in documents in format
subject to the following rules:</p>
<ul>
<li>The gradient shall have a name. It is specified by the
<em>draw:name</em> attribute.</li>
<li>For <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em>, only the
<em>svg:gradientTransform</em>, <em>svg:cx</em>, <em>svg:cy</em>,
<em>svg:r</em>, <em>svg:fx</em>, <em>svg:fy</em> and
<em>svg:spreadMethod</em> attributes are evaluated.</li>
<li>The gradient shall be calculated as having a
<em>svg:gradientUnits</em> attribute value of objectBoundingBox. </li>
<li>The only child element that is evaluated is
<em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em>.</li>
<li>For <em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em>, only the <em>svg:offset</em>,
<em>svg:stop-color</em> and <em>svg:stop-opacity</em> attributes are
evaluated.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2367">19.133</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>svg:cx</em> <a
href="#anchor-1275">19.528</a>, <em>svg:cy</em> <a
href="#anchor-1276">19.529</a>, <em>svg:fx</em> <a
href="#anchor-2379">19.538</a>, <em>svg:fy</em> <a
href="#anchor-2380">19.539</a>, <em>svg:gradientTransform</em> <a
href="#anchor-2374">19.540</a>, <em>svg:gradientUnits</em> <a
href="#anchor-2375">19.541</a>, <em>svg:r</em> <a
href="#anchor-1277">19.553</a> and <em>svg:spreadMethod</em> <a
href="#anchor-2376">19.557</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2377">16.42.4</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svgstop"><span id="anchor-2381"></span><span
id="anchor-2377"></span>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.2.4 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em> element is usable within the following
elements: <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a> and <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>svg:offset</em> <a href="#anchor-2382">19.547</a>,
<em>svg:stop-color</em> <a href="#anchor-2383">19.560</a> and
<em>svg:stop-opacity</em> <a href="#anchor-2384">19.561</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="drawhatch"><span id="anchor-2385"></span><span
id="anchor-185"></span>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> element defines a hatch for filling
graphic objects. A hatch is a simple pattern of straight lines that is
repeated in the fill area. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> element has the following attributes:
<em>draw:color</em> <a href="#anchor-1510">19.122</a>,
<em>draw:display-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2367">19.133</a>,
<em>draw:distance</em> <a href="#anchor-2386">19.134</a>,
<em>draw:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>,
<em>draw:rotation</em> <a href="#anchor-2387">19.209</a> and
<em>draw:style</em> <a href="#anchor-2372">19.218</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="drawfill-image"><span id="anchor-2388"></span><span
id="anchor-183"></span>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> element either specifies a link
to a bitmap resource or contains an image in the
<em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> child element. Producers shall not
write the <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> child element if the
document is represented as a package. </p>
<p>Fill images are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2367">19.133</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>xlink:actuate</em> <a
href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>, <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>, <em>xlink:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and <em>xlink:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1353">10.4.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawopacity"><span id="anchor-2389"></span><span
id="anchor-187"></span>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> element specifies an opacity
gradient for a graphic object. An opacity gradient interpolates opacity.
Opacity gradients are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:angle</em> <a href="#anchor-2363">19.112</a>,
<em>draw:border</em> <a href="#anchor-2364">19.114</a>, <em>draw:cx</em>
<a href="#anchor-2365">19.129</a>, <em>draw:cy</em> <a
href="#anchor-2366">19.130</a>, <em>draw:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2367">19.133</a>, <em>draw:end</em> <a
href="#anchor-2390">19.139</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>draw:start</em> <a
href="#anchor-2391">19.212</a> and <em>draw:style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2372">19.218</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="drawmarker"><span id="anchor-2392"></span><span
id="anchor-186"></span>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</em> element represents a marker, which
is used to draw polygons at the start or end point of a stroke depending
on whether it is referenced by a <em>draw:marker-start <a
href="#anchor-2393">20.146</a></em> or <em>draw:marker-end</em> <a
href="#anchor-2394">20.143</a> attribute. </p>
<p>Marker geometry is defined by a <em>svg:d</em> attribute. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The marker geometry can be imagined as an arrow whose vertex
points upwards. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>When the marker is painted, its geometry is first mapped to the
stroke start or end point as follows: </p>
<p>If a marker is referenced by a <em>draw:marker-start</em> attribute,
the marker geometry is scaled so that its width equals the width
specified by <em>draw:marker-start-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2395">20.148</a> attribute. If the marker is referenced by
a <em>draw:marker-end</em> attribute, the marker geometry is scaled so
that its width equals the width specified by
<em>draw:marker-end-width</em> <a href="#anchor-2396">20.145</a>
attribute. The aspect ratio of the geometry is in both cases kept
unchanged. </p>
<p>The geometry is horizontally centered. It is vertically positioned
relative to an offset value which is specified by a
<em>draw:marker-start-center</em> <a href="#anchor-2397">20.147</a>
attribute for markers referenced by a <em>draw:marker-start</em>
attribute, and by the <em>draw:marker-end-center</em> <a
href="#anchor-2398">20.144</a> attribute for markers referenced by a
<em>draw:marker-end</em> attribute. The attribute value true defines an
offset of 0.5 and the attribute value false defines an offset of 0.3,
which is also the default value. The offset specifies the marker's
vertical position in a range from 0.0 to 1.0, where the value 0.0 means
the geometry's bottom bound is aligned to the x=axis of the local
coordinate system of the marker geometry, and where the value 1.0 means
the top bound to be aligned to the X axis of the local coordinate system
of the marker geometry. </p>
<p>If a marker is referenced by a <em>draw:marker-start</em> attribute,
the marker geometry is then rotated so that the y-axis is aligned with
the direction of the stroke in the start/end point direction. It is
painted to the stroke so that the origin of the coordinate system of the
mapped marker geometry is positioned at the start point's position.</p>
<p>If the marker is referenced by a <em>draw:marker-end</em> attribute,
the marker geometry is then rotated so that the x-axis is aligned with
the direction of the stroke in the end/start point direction. It is
painted to the stroke so that the origin of the coordinate system of the
mapped marker geometry is positioned at the end point's position.</p>
<p>Markers are not available as automatic styles.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2367">19.133</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a>, <em>svg:d</em> <a
href="#anchor-1270">19.530</a> and <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h3 id="drawstroke-dash"><span id="anchor-2399"></span><span
id="anchor-188"></span>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> element represents a dash style
that can be used to render strokes of shapes. Dash styles are not
available as automatic styles.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2367">19.133</a>, <em>draw:distance</em> <a
href="#anchor-2386">19.134</a>, <em>draw:dots1</em> <a
href="#anchor-2400">19.135</a>, <em>draw:dots1-length</em> <a
href="#anchor-2401">19.136</a>, <em>draw:dots2</em> <a
href="#anchor-2402">19.137</a>, <em>draw:dots2-length</em> <a
href="#anchor-2403">19.138</a>, <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a> and <em>draw:style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2372">19.218</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="stylepresentation-page-layout"><span
id="anchor-2404"></span><span
id="anchor-198"></span>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</em> element is a
container for <em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> elements. These
placeholders are used as templates for creating new presentation objects
and to mark the size and position of an object if the presentation page
layout of a drawing page is changed.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element: <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>style:display-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2012">19.476</a> and <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2405">16.44</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationplaceholder"><span id="anchor-2406"></span><span
id="anchor-2405"></span>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> element specifies a
placeholder for presentation objects.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following element:
<em>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-198">16.43</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>presentation:object</em> <a
href="#anchor-2407">19.407</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a> and <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="chart-styles"><span id="anchor-2408"></span>Chart Styles</h2>
<p>Chart styles are <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> elements that have the
family chart.</p>
<p>There are two style inheritance models at work with chart styles. The
first model, is standard style inheritance as described in
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em>. <a href="#anchor-199">16.2</a> The second
model is inheritance between elements representing parts of a chart.</p>
<p>If an attribute is not specified with a chart style on a
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> element, the specification of that
attribute on its parent <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element is used.
If the attribute is not specified on the parent
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element, then the specification of that
attribute on its ancestor <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element is
used. </p>
<p>Chart styles may define paragraph and text properties. These are
applied to paragraphs contained in chart elements unless they are
over-ridden by paragraph styles that are specified by the paragraph
elements themselves. </p>
<h1 id="formatting-properties-elements"><span
id="anchor-2409"></span><span
id="Formatting Properties"></span>Formatting Properties Elements</h1>
<h2 id="general-57"><span id="anchor-2410"></span>General</h2>
<p>The elements described in this chapter, which are child elements of
style elements defined in chapter <a href="#anchor-2006">16</a>,
together with their attributes, define formatting properties.</p>
<h2 id="stylepage-layout-properties"><span id="anchor-2411"></span><span
id="anchor-2042"></span>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> element acts as a
container for attributes and elements that define a page layout.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-196">16.8</a> and <em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-180">16.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:background-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2221">20.182</a>, <em>fo:border</em> <a
href="#anchor-2412">20.183.2</a>, <em>fo:border-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2413">20.183.3</a>, <em>fo:border-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2414">20.183.4</a>, <em>fo:border-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2415">20.183.5</a>, <em>fo:border-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2416">20.183.6</a>, <em>fo:margin</em> <a
href="#anchor-2417">20.205</a>, <em>fo:margin-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2418">20.206</a>, <em>fo:margin-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2419">20.207</a>, <em>fo:margin-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2420">20.208</a>, <em>fo:margin-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2421">20.209</a>, <em>fo:padding</em> <a
href="#anchor-2422">20.217</a>, <em>fo:padding-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2423">20.218</a>, <em>fo:padding-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2424">20.219</a>, <em>fo:padding-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2425">20.220</a>, <em>fo:padding-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2426">20.221</a>, <em>fo:page-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2427">20.215</a>, <em>fo:page-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2428">20.216</a>, <em>style:border-line-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2429">20.248</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-bottom</em>
<a href="#anchor-2430">20.249</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-left</em>
<a href="#anchor-2431">20.250</a>,
<em>style:border-line-width-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2432">20.251</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2433">20.252</a>, <em>style:first-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-2434">20.266</a>, <em>style:footnote-max-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2435">20.296</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-base-height</em>
<a href="#anchor-2436">20.304</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-base-width</em>
<a href="#anchor-2437">20.305</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2438">20.306</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-display</em> <a
href="#anchor-2439">20.307</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-lines</em> <a
href="#anchor-2440">20.308</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2441">20.309</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-print</em> <a
href="#anchor-2442">20.310</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-below</em> <a
href="#anchor-2443">20.311</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-height</em>
<a href="#anchor-2444">20.312</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-snap-to</em> <a
href="#anchor-2445">20.313</a>, <em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em>
<a href="#anchor-2446">20.314</a>, <em>style:num-format</em> <a
href="#anchor-2447">20.322</a>, <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> <a
href="#anchor-2448">20.323</a>, <em>style:num-prefix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2449">20.324</a>, <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2450">20.325</a>, <em>style:paper-tray-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2451">20.329</a>, <em>style:print</em> <a
href="#anchor-2452">20.330</a>, <em>style:print-orientation</em> <a
href="#anchor-2453">20.333</a>, <em>style:print-page-order</em> <a
href="#anchor-2454">20.332</a>,
<em>style:register-truth-ref-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2455">20.337</a>, <em>style:scale-to</em> <a
href="#anchor-2456">20.352</a>, <em>style:scale-to-X</em> <a
href="#anchor-2457">20.354</a>, <em>style:scale-to-Y</em> <a
href="#anchor-2458">20.355</a>, <em>style:scale-to-pages</em> <a
href="#anchor-2459">20.353</a>, <em>style:shadow</em> <a
href="#anchor-2460">20.359</a>, <em>style:table-centering</em> <a
href="#anchor-2461">20.363</a> and <em>style:writing-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>, <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2463">17.12</a> and <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2464">17.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylebackground-image"><span id="anchor-2465"></span><span
id="anchor-1355"></span>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> element specifies an
image as a background.</p>
<p>If the <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> element is empty and
if there is no color specified by an <em>fo:background-color</em>
element in the same formatting properties element, the background color
is set to transparent.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The <em>fo:background-color</em> property also sets a
background attribute.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>, <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>, <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2030">17.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>draw:opacity</em> <a href="#anchor-2466">19.202</a>,
<em>style:filter-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2467">19.481</a>,
<em>style:position</em> <a href="#anchor-861">19.512</a>,
<em>style:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-2468">19.515</a>,
<em>xlink:actuate</em> <a href="#anchor-260">19.915</a>,
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>,
<em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> and
<em>xlink:type</em> <a href="#anchor-263">19.919</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;office:binary-data&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1353">10.4.5</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefootnote-sep"><span id="anchor-2469"></span><span
id="anchor-2464"></span>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> element specifies the line
that separates a footnote area from a body-text area on a page.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:adjustment</em> <a href="#anchor-2470">19.465</a>,
<em>style:color</em> <a href="#anchor-2471">19.471</a>,
<em>style:distance-after-sep</em> <a href="#anchor-2472">19.479</a>,
<em>style:distance-before-sep</em> <a href="#anchor-2473">19.478</a>,
<em>style:line-style</em> <a href="#anchor-2474">19.497</a>,
<em>style:rel-width</em> <a href="#anchor-1336">19.514</a> and
<em>style:width</em> <a href="#anchor-2475">19.522</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="styleheader-footer-properties"><span
id="anchor-2476"></span><span
id="anchor-2044"></span>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for both headers and footers.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;style:footer-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2040">16.7</a> and <em>&lt;style:header-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2041">16.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:background-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2221">20.182</a>, <em>fo:border</em> <a
href="#anchor-2412">20.183.2</a>, <em>fo:border-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2413">20.183.3</a>, <em>fo:border-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2414">20.183.4</a>, <em>fo:border-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2415">20.183.5</a>, <em>fo:border-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2416">20.183.6</a>, <em>fo:margin</em> <a
href="#anchor-2417">20.205</a>, <em>fo:margin-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2418">20.206</a>, <em>fo:margin-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2419">20.207</a>, <em>fo:margin-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2420">20.208</a>, <em>fo:margin-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2421">20.209</a>, <em>fo:min-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2477">20.212</a>, <em>fo:padding</em> <a
href="#anchor-2422">20.217</a>, <em>fo:padding-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2423">20.218</a>, <em>fo:padding-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2424">20.219</a>, <em>fo:padding-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2425">20.220</a>, <em>fo:padding-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2426">20.221</a>, <em>style:border-line-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2429">20.248</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-bottom</em>
<a href="#anchor-2430">20.249</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-left</em>
<a href="#anchor-2431">20.250</a>,
<em>style:border-line-width-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2432">20.251</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2433">20.252</a>, <em>style:dynamic-spacing</em> <a
href="#anchor-2478">20.264</a>, <em>style:shadow</em> <a
href="#anchor-2460">20.359</a> and <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2479">20.407</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleparagraph-properties"><span id="anchor-2480"></span><span
id="anchor-2024"></span>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for paragraphs.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:background-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2221">20.182</a>, <em>fo:border</em> <a
href="#anchor-2412">20.183.2</a>, <em>fo:border-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2413">20.183.3</a>, <em>fo:border-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2414">20.183.4</a>, <em>fo:border-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2415">20.183.5</a>, <em>fo:border-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2416">20.183.6</a>, <em>fo:break-after</em> <a
href="#anchor-2481">20.184</a>, <em>fo:break-before</em> <a
href="#anchor-2482">20.185</a>, <em>fo:hyphenation-keep</em> <a
href="#anchor-2483">20.196</a>, <em>fo:hyphenation-ladder-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-2484">20.197</a>, <em>fo:keep-together</em> <a
href="#anchor-2485">20.200</a>, <em>fo:keep-with-next</em> <a
href="#anchor-2486">20.201</a>, <em>fo:line-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2487">20.204</a>, <em>fo:margin</em> <a
href="#anchor-2417">20.205</a>, <em>fo:margin-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2418">20.206</a>, <em>fo:margin-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2419">20.207</a>, <em>fo:margin-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2420">20.208</a>, <em>fo:margin-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2421">20.209</a>, <em>fo:orphans</em> <a
href="#anchor-2488">20.214</a>, <em>fo:padding</em> <a
href="#anchor-2422">20.217</a>, <em>fo:padding-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2423">20.218</a>, <em>fo:padding-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2424">20.219</a>, <em>fo:padding-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2425">20.220</a>, <em>fo:padding-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2426">20.221</a>, <em>fo:text-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-2489">20.223</a>, <em>fo:text-align-last</em> <a
href="#anchor-2490">20.224</a>, <em>fo:text-indent</em> <a
href="#anchor-2491">20.225</a>, <em>fo:widows</em> <a
href="#anchor-2492">20.228</a>, <em>style:auto-text-indent</em> <a
href="#anchor-2493">20.246</a>, <em>style:background-transparency</em>
<a href="#anchor-2494">20.247</a>, <em>style:border-line-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2429">20.248</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-bottom</em>
<a href="#anchor-2430">20.249</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-left</em>
<a href="#anchor-2431">20.250</a>,
<em>style:border-line-width-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2432">20.251</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2433">20.252</a>, <em>style:contextual-spacing</em> <a
href="#anchor-2495">20.255</a>,
<em>style:font-independent-line-spacing</em> <a
href="#anchor-2496">20.276</a>, <em>style:join-border</em> <a
href="#anchor-2497">20.300</a>, <em>style:justify-single-word</em> <a
href="#anchor-2498">20.301</a>, <em>style:line-break</em> <a
href="#anchor-2499">20.315</a>, <em>style:line-height-at-least</em> <a
href="#anchor-2500">20.317</a>, <em>style:line-spacing</em> <a
href="#anchor-2501">20.318</a>, <em>style:page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-2502">20.328</a>, <em>style:punctuation-wrap</em> <a
href="#anchor-2503">20.335</a>, <em>style:register-true</em> <a
href="#anchor-2504">20.336</a>, <em>style:shadow</em> <a
href="#anchor-2460">20.359</a>, <em>style:snap-to-layout-grid</em> <a
href="#anchor-2505">20.361</a>, <em>style:tab-stop-distance</em> <a
href="#anchor-2506">20.362</a>, <em>style:text-autospace</em> <a
href="#anchor-2507">20.365</a>, <em>style:vertical-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-2508">20.396</a>, <em>style:writing-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a>, <em>style:writing-mode-automatic</em> <a
href="#anchor-2509">20.405</a>, <em>text:line-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-2510">20.430</a> and <em>text:number-lines</em> <a
href="#anchor-2511">20.434</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>, <em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2512">17.9</a> and <em>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2513">17.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletab-stops"><span id="anchor-2514"></span><span
id="anchor-2513"></span>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</em> element is a container for
<em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>If a style contains a <em>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</em> element, it
overrides the entire <em>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</em> element of the
parent style such that no <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> children are
inherited; otherwise, the style inherits the entire
<em>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</em> element as specified in section <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a> <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</em> element has no attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</em> element has the following child
element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletab-stop"><span id="anchor-2516"></span><span
id="anchor-2515"></span>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> element defines a tab stop.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2513">17.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:char</em> <a href="#anchor-2517">19.469</a>,
<em>style:leader-color</em> <a href="#anchor-2518">19.488</a>,
<em>style:leader-style</em> <a href="#anchor-2519">19.489</a>,
<em>style:leader-text</em> <a href="#anchor-2520">19.490</a>,
<em>style:leader-text-style</em> <a href="#anchor-2521">19.491</a>,
<em>style:leader-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2522">19.492</a>,
<em>style:leader-width</em> <a href="#anchor-2523">19.493</a>,
<em>style:position</em> <a href="#anchor-861">19.512</a>,
<em>style:type</em> <a href="#anchor-862">19.519</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="styledrop-cap"><span id="anchor-2524"></span><span
id="anchor-2512"></span>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em> element specifies if the one or
more characters at the start of a paragraph are to be displayed in a
larger font and span multiple lines of text. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:distance</em> <a href="#anchor-2525">19.477</a>,
<em>style:length</em> <a href="#anchor-2526">19.496</a>,
<em>style:lines</em> <a href="#anchor-2527">19.498</a> and
<em>style:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2528">19.518</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="styleruby-properties"><span id="anchor-2529"></span><span
id="anchor-2025"></span>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for ruby elements.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:ruby-align</em> <a href="#anchor-2530">20.349</a>
and <em>style:ruby-position</em> <a href="#anchor-2531">20.350</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="stylesection-properties"><span id="anchor-2532"></span><span
id="anchor-2026"></span>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em> element specifies the
formatting properties used by section styles.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:background-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2221">20.182</a>, <em>fo:margin-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2419">20.207</a>, <em>fo:margin-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2420">20.208</a>, <em>style:editable</em> <a
href="#anchor-2533">20.265</a>, <em>style:protect</em> <a
href="#anchor-2534">20.334</a>, <em>style:writing-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a> and
<em>text:dont-balance-text-columns</em> <a
href="#anchor-2535">20.428</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>, <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2463">17.12</a> and
<em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylecolumns"><span id="anchor-2536"></span><span
id="anchor-2463"></span>&lt;style:columns&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> element specifies the number and
formatting of columns on a page or in a section or graphic. If it does
not contain any child formatting properties elements, all columns are
assigned the same width.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a> and
<em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>fo:column-count</em> <a href="#anchor-2537">19.232</a>
and <em>fo:column-gap</em> <a href="#anchor-2538">19.233</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> element has the following child
elements: <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2539">17.13</a>
and <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2540">17.14</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylecolumn"><span id="anchor-2541"></span><span
id="anchor-2539"></span>&lt;style:column&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> element specifies formatting
properties for a column.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2463">17.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>fo:end-indent</em> <a href="#anchor-2542">19.235</a>,
<em>fo:space-after</em> <a href="#anchor-2543">19.243</a>,
<em>fo:space-before</em> <a href="#anchor-2544">19.244</a>,
<em>fo:start-indent</em> <a href="#anchor-2545">19.245</a> and
<em>style:rel-width</em> <a href="#anchor-1336">19.514</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> element has no child elements.</p>
<h2 id="stylecolumn-sep"><span id="anchor-2546"></span><span
id="anchor-2540"></span>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> element specifies a separator
line between columns. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2463">17.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>style:color</em> <a href="#anchor-2471">19.471</a>,
<em>style:height</em> <a href="#anchor-2547">19.486</a>,
<em>style:style</em> <a href="#anchor-2548">19.517</a>,
<em>style:vertical-align</em> <a href="#anchor-2549">19.520</a> and
<em>style:width</em> <a href="#anchor-2475">19.522</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="styletable-properties"><span id="anchor-2550"></span><span
id="Table Formatting Properties"></span><span
id="anchor-2029"></span>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for tables. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>fo:background-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2221">20.182</a>, <em>fo:break-after</em> <a
href="#anchor-2481">20.184</a>, <em>fo:break-before</em> <a
href="#anchor-2482">20.185</a>, <em>fo:keep-with-next</em> <a
href="#anchor-2486">20.201</a>, <em>fo:margin</em> <a
href="#anchor-2417">20.205</a>, <em>fo:margin-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2418">20.206</a>, <em>fo:margin-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2419">20.207</a>, <em>fo:margin-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2420">20.208</a>, <em>fo:margin-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2421">20.209</a>, <em>style:may-break-between-rows</em> <a
href="#anchor-2551">20.319</a>, <em>style:page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-2502">20.328</a>, <em>style:rel-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2552">20.340</a>, <em>style:shadow</em> <a
href="#anchor-2460">20.359</a>, <em>style:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2553">20.399</a>, <em>style:writing-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a>, <em>table:align</em> <a
href="#anchor-2554">20.414</a>, <em>table:border-model</em> <a
href="#anchor-2555">20.415</a>, <em>table:display</em> <a
href="#anchor-2556">20.416</a> and <em>table:tab-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2557">19.731</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletable-column-properties"><span
id="anchor-2558"></span><span
id="anchor-2028"></span>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for table columns.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:break-after</em> <a
href="#anchor-2481">20.184</a>, <em>fo:break-before</em> <a
href="#anchor-2482">20.185</a>, <em>style:column-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2559">20.254</a>, <em>style:rel-column-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2560">20.338</a> and
<em>style:use-optimal-column-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2561">20.393</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<h2 id="styletable-row-properties"><span id="anchor-2562"></span><span
id="anchor-2030"></span>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for table rows.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:background-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2221">20.182</a>, <em>fo:break-after</em> <a
href="#anchor-2481">20.184</a>, <em>fo:break-before</em> <a
href="#anchor-2482">20.185</a>, <em>fo:keep-together</em> <a
href="#anchor-2485">20.200</a>, <em>style:min-row-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2563">20.320</a>, <em>style:row-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2564">20.348</a> and <em>style:use-optimal-row-height</em>
<a href="#anchor-2565">20.394</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletable-cell-properties"><span id="anchor-2566"></span><span
id="anchor-2027"></span>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for cells.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:background-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2221">20.182</a>, <em>fo:border</em> <a
href="#anchor-2412">20.183.2</a>, <em>fo:border-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2413">20.183.3</a>, <em>fo:border-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2414">20.183.4</a>, <em>fo:border-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2415">20.183.5</a>, <em>fo:border-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2416">20.183.6</a>, <em>fo:padding</em> <a
href="#anchor-2422">20.217</a>, <em>fo:padding-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2423">20.218</a>, <em>fo:padding-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2424">20.219</a>, <em>fo:padding-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2425">20.220</a>, <em>fo:padding-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2426">20.221</a>, <em>fo:wrap-option</em> <a
href="#anchor-2567">20.230</a>, <em>style:border-line-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2429">20.248</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-bottom</em>
<a href="#anchor-2430">20.249</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-left</em>
<a href="#anchor-2431">20.250</a>,
<em>style:border-line-width-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2432">20.251</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2433">20.252</a>, <em>style:cell-protect</em> <a
href="#anchor-2568">20.253</a>, <em>style:decimal-places</em> <a
href="#anchor-2569">20.258</a>, <em>style:diagonal-bl-tr</em> <a
href="#anchor-2570">20.259</a>, <em>style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths</em> <a
href="#anchor-2571">20.260</a>, <em>style:diagonal-tl-br</em> <a
href="#anchor-2572">20.261</a>, <em>style:diagonal-tl-br-widths</em> <a
href="#anchor-2573">20.262</a>, <em>style:direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-2574">20.263</a>,
<em>style:glyph-orientation-vertical</em> <a
href="#anchor-2575">20.297</a>, <em>style:print-content</em> <a
href="#anchor-2576">20.331</a>, <em>style:repeat-content</em> <a
href="#anchor-2577">20.342</a>, <em>style:rotation-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-2578">20.346</a>, <em>style:rotation-angle</em> <a
href="#anchor-2579">20.347</a>, <em>style:shadow</em> <a
href="#anchor-2460">20.359</a>, <em>style:shrink-to-fit</em> <a
href="#anchor-2580">20.360</a>, <em>style:text-align-source</em> <a
href="#anchor-2581">20.364</a>, <em>style:vertical-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-2508">20.396</a> and <em>style:writing-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelist-level-properties"><span id="anchor-2582"></span><span
id="anchor-2347"></span><span
id="List Level Style Properties"></span>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for a list level.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements:
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2218">16.33</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a> and
<em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2583">20.194</a>, <em>fo:text-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-2489">20.223</a>, <em>fo:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2584">20.229</a>, <em>style:font-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2247">20.277</a>, <em>style:vertical-pos</em> <a
href="#anchor-2585">20.397</a>, <em>style:vertical-rel</em> <a
href="#anchor-2586">20.398</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-2587">20.412</a>,
<em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2588">20.431</a>, <em>text:min-label-distance</em> <a
href="#anchor-2589">20.432</a>, <em>text:min-label-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2590">20.433</a> and <em>text:space-before</em> <a
href="#anchor-2591">20.435</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following child element:
<em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2592">17.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelist-level-label-alignment"><span
id="anchor-2593"></span><span
id="anchor-2592"></span>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> element
specifies the position and spacing of a list label and its list
item.</p>
<p>The element will be evaluated only if the
<em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> attribute has the value
label-alignment. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:text-indent</em> and <em>fo:margin-left</em> attributes
specify the indent and margin for the text lines of a list item. The
text lines of a list item contain the list level properties specific
content and the text of the paragraph inside the list item. The value
<em>fo:text-indent</em> + <em>fo:margin-left</em> specifies the indent
of the first text line of the list item. This position is also the
alignment position for the list label, because the value of
<em>text:min-label-width</em> is treated as 0. <a
href="#anchor-2594">19.246</a>, <a href="#anchor-2588">20.431</a></p>
<p>The <em>fo:text-indent</em> and <em>fo:margin-left</em> attributes
are evaluated only for paragraphs inside list items whose paragraph
styles do not specify them. If one of the two properties, or both, are
specified by the paragraph style, the text indent and/or left margin are
taken from the paragraph style. In this case the paragraph style's
properties are used to determine the indent and margin for the text
lines and thus also the alignment position.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> element is
usable within the following element:
<em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>fo:margin-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2595">19.237</a>, <em>fo:text-indent</em> <a
href="#anchor-2594">19.246</a>, <em>text:label-followed-by</em> <a
href="#anchor-2596">19.833</a> and <em>text:list-tab-stop-position</em>
<a href="#anchor-2597">19.836</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> element has no
child elements.</p>
<h2 id="stylegraphic-properties"><span id="anchor-2598"></span><span
id="DDE_LINK11"></span><span
id="anchor-2022"></span>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for chart, draw, graphic, and frame elements. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>dr3d:ambient-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2599">20.74</a>, <em>dr3d:back-scale</em> <a
href="#anchor-1427">20.75</a>, <em>dr3d:backface-culling</em> <a
href="#anchor-2600">20.76</a>, <em>dr3d:close-back</em> <a
href="#anchor-1423">20.77</a>, <em>dr3d:close-front</em> <a
href="#anchor-1422">20.78</a>, <em>dr3d:depth</em> <a
href="#anchor-1421">20.79</a>, <em>dr3d:diffuse-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2601">20.80</a>, <em>dr3d:edge-rounding</em> <a
href="#anchor-2602">20.81</a>, <em>dr3d:edge-rounding-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2603">20.82</a>, <em>dr3d:emissive-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2604">20.83</a>, <em>dr3d:end-angle</em> <a
href="#anchor-1426">20.84</a>, <em>dr3d:horizontal-segments</em> <a
href="#anchor-1425">20.85</a>, <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2605">20.86</a>, <em>dr3d:normals-direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-2606">20.87</a>, <em>dr3d:normals-kind</em> <a
href="#anchor-2607">20.88</a>, <em>dr3d:shadow</em> <a
href="#anchor-2608">20.89</a>, <em>dr3d:shininess</em> <a
href="#anchor-2609">20.90</a>, <em>dr3d:specular-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2610">20.91</a>, <em>dr3d:texture-filter</em> <a
href="#anchor-2611">20.92</a>, <em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x</em>
<a href="#anchor-2612">20.95</a>,
<em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-2613">20.96</a>, <em>dr3d:texture-kind</em> <a
href="#anchor-2614">20.93</a>, <em>dr3d:texture-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2615">20.94</a>, <em>dr3d:vertical-segments</em> <a
href="#anchor-2616">20.97</a>, <em>draw:auto-grow-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2617">20.98</a>, <em>draw:auto-grow-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2618">20.99</a>, <em>draw:blue</em> <a
href="#anchor-2619">20.101</a>, <em>draw:caption-angle</em> <a
href="#anchor-2620">20.102</a>, <em>draw:caption-angle-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2621">20.103</a>, <em>draw:caption-escape</em> <a
href="#anchor-2622">20.104</a>, <em>draw:caption-escape-direction</em>
<a href="#anchor-2623">20.105</a>, <em>draw:caption-fit-line-length</em>
<a href="#anchor-2624">20.106</a>, <em>draw:caption-gap</em> <a
href="#anchor-2625">20.107</a>, <em>draw:caption-line-length</em> <a
href="#anchor-2626">20.108</a>, <em>draw:caption-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2627">20.109</a>, <em>draw:color-inversion</em> <a
href="#anchor-2628">20.110</a>, <em>draw:color-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2629">20.111</a>, <em>draw:contrast</em> <a
href="#anchor-2630">20.112</a>, <em>draw:decimal-places</em> <a
href="#anchor-2631">20.113</a>, <em>draw:draw-aspect</em> <a
href="#anchor-2632">20.114</a>, <em>draw:end-guide</em> <a
href="#anchor-2633">20.115</a>,
<em>draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal</em> <a
href="#anchor-2634">20.116</a>, <em>draw:end-line-spacing-vertical</em>
<a href="#anchor-2635">20.117</a>, <em>draw:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-2636">20.118</a>, <em>draw:fill-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2637">20.119</a>, <em>draw:fill-gradient-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2638">20.120</a>, <em>draw:fill-hatch-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2639">20.121</a>, <em>draw:fill-hatch-solid</em> <a
href="#anchor-2640">20.122</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2641">20.123</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2642">20.124</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point</em> <a
href="#anchor-2643">20.125</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-2644">20.126</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-2645">20.127</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2646">20.128</a>, <em>draw:fit-to-contour</em> <a
href="#anchor-2647">20.129</a>, <em>draw:fit-to-size</em> <a
href="#anchor-2648">20.130</a>, <em>draw:frame-display-border</em> <a
href="#anchor-2649">20.131</a>, <em>draw:frame-display-scrollbar</em> <a
href="#anchor-2650">20.133</a>, <em>draw:frame-margin-horizontal</em> <a
href="#anchor-2651">20.132</a>, <em>draw:frame-margin-vertical</em> <a
href="#anchor-2652">20.134</a>, <em>draw:gamma</em> <a
href="#anchor-2653">20.135</a>, <em>draw:gradient-step-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-2654">20.137</a>, <em>draw:green</em> <a
href="#anchor-2655">20.136</a>, <em>draw:guide-distance</em> <a
href="#anchor-2656">20.138</a>, <em>draw:guide-overhang</em> <a
href="#anchor-2657">20.139</a>, <em>draw:image-opacity</em> <a
href="#anchor-2658">20.140</a>, <em>draw:line-distance</em> <a
href="#anchor-2659">20.141</a>, <em>draw:luminance</em> <a
href="#anchor-2660">20.142</a>, <em>draw:marker-end</em> <a
href="#anchor-2394">20.143</a>, <em>draw:marker-end-center</em> <a
href="#anchor-2398">20.144</a>, <em>draw:marker-end-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2396">20.145</a>, <em>draw:marker-start</em> <a
href="#anchor-2393">20.146</a>, <em>draw:marker-start-center</em> <a
href="#anchor-2397">20.147</a>, <em>draw:marker-start-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2395">20.148</a>, <em>draw:measure-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-2661">20.149</a>, <em>draw:measure-vertical-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-2662">20.150</a>, <em>draw:ole-draw-aspect</em> <a
href="#anchor-2663">20.151</a>, <em>draw:opacity</em> <a
href="#anchor-2664">20.152</a>, <em>draw:opacity-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2665">20.153</a>, <em>draw:parallel</em> <a
href="#anchor-2666">20.154</a>, <em>draw:placing</em> <a
href="#anchor-2667">20.155</a>, <em>draw:red</em> <a
href="#anchor-2668">20.156</a>, <em>draw:secondary-fill-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2669">20.157</a>, <em>draw:shadow</em> <a
href="#anchor-2670">20.158</a>, <em>draw:shadow-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2671">20.159</a>, <em>draw:shadow-offset-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-2672">20.160</a>, <em>draw:shadow-offset-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-2673">20.161</a>, <em>draw:shadow-opacity</em> <a
href="#anchor-2674">20.162</a>, <em>draw:show-unit</em> <a
href="#anchor-2675">20.163</a>, <em>draw:start-guide</em> <a
href="#anchor-2676">20.164</a>,
<em>draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal</em> <a
href="#anchor-2677">20.165</a>,
<em>draw:start-line-spacing-vertical</em> <a
href="#anchor-2678">20.166</a>, <em>draw:stroke</em> <a
href="#anchor-2679">20.167</a>, <em>draw:stroke-dash</em> <a
href="#anchor-2680">20.168</a>, <em>draw:stroke-dash-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-2681">20.169</a>, <em>draw:stroke-linejoin</em> <a
href="#anchor-2682">20.170</a>, <em>draw:symbol-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2683">20.172</a>, <em>draw:textarea-horizontal-align</em>
<a href="#anchor-2684">20.173</a>, <em>draw:textarea-vertical-align</em>
<a href="#anchor-2685">20.174</a>, <em>draw:tile-repeat-offset</em> <a
href="#anchor-2686">20.175</a>, <em>draw:unit</em> <a
href="#anchor-2687">20.180</a>, <em>draw:visible-area-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2688">20.176</a>, <em>draw:visible-area-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2689">20.177</a>, <em>draw:visible-area-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2690">20.178</a>, <em>draw:visible-area-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2691">20.179</a>, <em>draw:wrap-influence-on-position</em>
<a href="#anchor-2692">20.181</a>, <em>fo:background-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2221">20.182</a>, <em>fo:border</em> <a
href="#anchor-2412">20.183.2</a>, <em>fo:border-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2413">20.183.3</a>, <em>fo:border-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2414">20.183.4</a>, <em>fo:border-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2415">20.183.5</a>, <em>fo:border-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2416">20.183.6</a>, <em>fo:clip</em> <a
href="#anchor-2693">20.186</a>, <em>fo:margin</em> <a
href="#anchor-2417">20.205</a>, <em>fo:margin-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2418">20.206</a>, <em>fo:margin-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2419">20.207</a>, <em>fo:margin-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2420">20.208</a>, <em>fo:margin-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2421">20.209</a>, <em>fo:max-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2694">20.210</a>, <em>fo:max-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2695">20.211</a>, <em>fo:min-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2477">20.212</a>, <em>fo:min-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2696">20.213</a>, <em>fo:padding</em> <a
href="#anchor-2422">20.217</a>, <em>fo:padding-bottom</em> <a
href="#anchor-2423">20.218</a>, <em>fo:padding-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2424">20.219</a>, <em>fo:padding-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2425">20.220</a>, <em>fo:padding-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2426">20.221</a>, <em>fo:wrap-option</em> <a
href="#anchor-2567">20.230</a>, <em>style:background-transparency</em>
<a href="#anchor-2494">20.247</a>, <em>style:border-line-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2429">20.248</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-bottom</em>
<a href="#anchor-2430">20.249</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-left</em>
<a href="#anchor-2431">20.250</a>,
<em>style:border-line-width-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2432">20.251</a>, <em>style:border-line-width-top</em> <a
href="#anchor-2433">20.252</a>, <em>style:editable</em> <a
href="#anchor-2533">20.265</a>, <em>style:flow-with-text</em> <a
href="#anchor-2697">20.267</a>, <em>style:horizontal-pos</em> <a
href="#anchor-2698">20.298</a>, <em>style:horizontal-rel</em> <a
href="#anchor-2699">20.299</a>, <em>style:mirror</em> <a
href="#anchor-2700">20.321</a>, <em>style:number-wrapped-paragraphs</em>
<a href="#anchor-2701">20.326</a>, <em>style:overflow-behavior</em> <a
href="#anchor-2702">20.327</a>, <em>style:print-content</em> <a
href="#anchor-2576">20.331</a>, <em>style:protect</em> <a
href="#anchor-2534">20.334</a>, <em>style:rel-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2703">20.339</a>, <em>style:rel-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2552">20.340</a>, <em>style:repeat</em> <a
href="#anchor-2704">20.341</a>, <em>style:run-through</em> <a
href="#anchor-2705">20.351</a>, <em>style:shadow</em> <a
href="#anchor-2460">20.359</a>, <em>style:shrink-to-fit</em> <a
href="#anchor-2580">20.360</a>, <em>style:vertical-pos</em> <a
href="#anchor-2585">20.397</a>, <em>style:vertical-rel</em> <a
href="#anchor-2586">20.398</a>, <em>style:wrap</em> <a
href="#anchor-2706">20.400</a>, <em>style:wrap-contour</em> <a
href="#anchor-2707">20.401</a>, <em>style:wrap-contour-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2708">20.402</a>, <em>style:wrap-dynamic-threshold</em> <a
href="#anchor-2709">20.403</a>, <em>style:writing-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a>, <em>svg:fill-rule</em> <a
href="#anchor-2710">20.406</a>, <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2479">20.407</a>, <em>svg:stroke-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2711">20.408</a>, <em>svg:stroke-linecap</em> <a
href="#anchor-2712">20.171</a>, <em>svg:stroke-opacity</em> <a
href="#anchor-2713">20.409</a>, <em>svg:stroke-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2714">20.410</a>, <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2715">20.413</a>, <em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#anchor-2716">20.411</a>, <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-2587">20.412</a>, <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-2717">20.417</a>, <em>text:anchor-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2718">20.418</a>, <em>text:animation</em> <a
href="#anchor-2719">20.419</a>, <em>text:animation-delay</em> <a
href="#anchor-2720">20.420</a>, <em>text:animation-direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-2721">20.421</a>, <em>text:animation-repeat</em> <a
href="#anchor-2722">20.422</a>, <em>text:animation-start-inside</em> <a
href="#anchor-2723">20.423</a>, <em>text:animation-steps</em> <a
href="#anchor-2724">20.424</a> and <em>text:animation-stop-inside</em>
<a href="#anchor-2725">20.425</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following child elements: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>, <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2463">17.12</a> and <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-205">16.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylechart-properties"><span id="anchor-2726"></span><span
id="anchor-2021"></span><span
id="Chart Properties"></span>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting properties for charts.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> element has the following
attributes: <em>chart:angle-offset</em> <a href="#anchor-2727">20.2</a>,
<em>chart:auto-position</em> <a href="#anchor-2728">20.3</a>,
<em>chart:auto-size</em> <a href="#anchor-2729">20.4</a>,
<em>chart:axis-label-position</em> <a href="#anchor-2730">20.5</a>,
<em>chart:axis-position</em> <a href="#anchor-2731">20.6</a>,
<em>chart:connect-bars</em> <a href="#anchor-2732">20.7</a>,
<em>chart:data-label-number</em> <a href="#anchor-2733">20.8</a>,
<em>chart:data-label-series</em> <a href="#anchor-2734">20.9</a>,
<em>chart:data-label-symbol</em> <a href="#anchor-2735">20.10</a>,
<em>chart:data-label-text</em> <a href="#anchor-2736">20.11</a>,
<em>chart:deep</em> <a href="#anchor-2737">20.12</a>,
<em>chart:display-label</em> <a href="#anchor-2738">20.13</a>,
<em>chart:error-category</em> <a href="#anchor-2739">20.14</a>,
<em>chart:error-lower-indicator</em> <a href="#anchor-2740">20.15</a>,
<em>chart:error-lower-limit</em> <a href="#anchor-2741">20.16</a>,
<em>chart:error-lower-range</em> <a href="#anchor-2742">20.17</a>,
<em>chart:error-margin</em> <a href="#anchor-2743">20.18</a>,
<em>chart:error-percentage</em> <a href="#anchor-2744">20.19</a>,
<em>chart:error-upper-indicator</em> <a href="#anchor-2745">20.20</a>,
<em>chart:error-upper-limit</em> <a href="#anchor-2746">20.21</a>,
<em>chart:error-upper-range</em> <a href="#anchor-2747">20.22</a>,
<em>chart:gap-width</em> <a href="#anchor-2748">20.23</a>,
<em>chart:group-bars-per-axis</em> <a href="#anchor-2749">20.24</a>,
<em>chart:hole-size</em> <a href="#anchor-2750">20.25</a>,
<em>chart:include-hidden-cells</em> <a href="#anchor-2751">20.26</a>,
<em>chart:interpolation</em> <a href="#anchor-2752">20.27</a>,
<em>chart:interval-major</em> <a href="#anchor-2753">20.28</a>,
<em>chart:interval-minor-divisor</em> <a href="#anchor-2754">20.29</a>,
<em>chart:japanese-candle-stick</em> <a href="#anchor-2755">20.30</a>,
<em>chart:label-arrangement</em> <a href="#anchor-2756">20.31</a>,
<em>chart:label-position</em> <a href="#anchor-2757">20.32</a>,
<em>chart:label-position-negative</em> <a href="#anchor-2758">20.33</a>,
<em>chart:lines</em> <a href="#anchor-2759">20.34</a>,
<em>chart:link-data-style-to-source</em> <a
href="#anchor-2760">20.35</a>, <em>chart:logarithmic</em> <a
href="#anchor-2761">20.36</a>, <em>chart:maximum</em> <a
href="#anchor-2762">20.37</a>, <em>chart:mean-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-2763">20.38</a>, <em>chart:minimum</em> <a
href="#anchor-2764">20.39</a>, <em>chart:origin</em> <a
href="#anchor-2765">20.40</a>, <em>chart:overlap</em> <a
href="#anchor-2766">20.41</a>, <em>chart:percentage</em> <a
href="#anchor-2767">20.43</a>, <em>chart:pie-offset</em> <a
href="#anchor-2768">20.42</a>, <em>chart:regression-force-intercept</em>
<a href="#anchor-2769">20.44</a>,
<em>chart:regression-intercept-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-2770">20.45</a>, <em>chart:regression-max-degree</em> <a
href="#anchor-2771">20.46</a>, <em>chart:regression-moving-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2772">20.47</a>, <em>chart:regression-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2773">20.48</a>, <em>chart:regression-period</em> <a
href="#anchor-2774">20.49</a>, <em>chart:regression-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2775">20.50</a>, <em>chart:reverse-direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-2776">20.51</a>, <em>chart:right-angled-axes</em> <a
href="#anchor-2777">20.52</a>, <em>chart:scale-text</em> <a
href="#anchor-2778">20.53</a>, <em>chart:series-source</em> <a
href="#anchor-2779">20.54</a>, <em>chart:solid-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2780">20.56</a>, <em>chart:sort-by-x-values</em> <a
href="#anchor-2781">20.55</a>, <em>chart:spline-order</em> <a
href="#anchor-2782">20.57</a>, <em>chart:spline-resolution</em> <a
href="#anchor-2783">20.58</a>, <em>chart:stacked</em> <a
href="#anchor-2784">20.59</a>, <em>chart:symbol-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2785">20.60</a>, <em>chart:symbol-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2786">20.61</a>, <em>chart:symbol-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2787">20.62</a>, <em>chart:symbol-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2788">20.63</a>, <em>chart:text-overlap</em> <a
href="#anchor-2789">20.64</a>, <em>chart:three-dimensional</em> <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a>, <em>chart:tick-mark-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2791">20.70</a>, <em>chart:tick-marks-major-inner</em> <a
href="#anchor-2792">20.66</a>, <em>chart:tick-marks-major-outer</em> <a
href="#anchor-2793">20.67</a>, <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-inner</em> <a
href="#anchor-2794">20.68</a>, <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-outer</em> <a
href="#anchor-2795">20.69</a>, <em>chart:treat-empty-cells</em> <a
href="#anchor-2796">20.71</a>, <em>chart:vertical</em> <a
href="#anchor-2797">20.72</a>, <em>chart:visible</em> <a
href="#anchor-2798">20.73</a>, <em>style:direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-2574">20.263</a>, <em>style:rotation-angle</em> <a
href="#anchor-2579">20.347</a> and <em>text:line-break</em> <a
href="#anchor-2799">20.429</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> element has the following
child elements: <em>&lt;chart:label-separator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-435">17.24</a> and <em>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2800">17.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartsymbol-image"><span id="anchor-2801"></span><span
id="anchor-2800"></span>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</em> element specifies an image to
be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<p>This element should be used only together with a
<em>chart:symbol-type</em> attribute and only when that attribute has
the value image.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</em> element is usable within the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</em> element has the following
attribute: <em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</em> element has no child
elements.</p>
<h2 id="chartlabel-separator"><span id="anchor-2802"></span><span
id="anchor-435"></span>&lt;chart:label-separator&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:label-separator&gt;</em> element specifies text
that is used for separating different parts of a textual data label.
These parts can be the value as number, the value as a percentage (<a
href="#anchor-2733">20.8</a>), and the label text (<a
href="#anchor-2736">20.11</a>).</p>
<p>If the <em>&lt;chart:label-separator&gt;</em> element is omitted, the
default value is a space character “ “ (U+0020, SPACE).</p>
<p>This element should be used within chart styles that are applied to
<em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> or <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em>
elements.</p>
<p>If a separator is not specified by this element in a chart style
applied to a <em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> element, the separator
specified with a chart style applied to a parent element is used.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:label-separator&gt;</em> element is usable within
the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:label-separator&gt;</em> element has no
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:label-separator&gt;</em> element has the following
child element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styledrawing-page-properties"><span
id="anchor-2803"></span><span id="anchor-1496"></span><span
id="Presentation Page Attributes"></span>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</h2>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> element specifies
formatting that can be applied to a <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element,
a <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> element, a
<em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> element, or a
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt; </em>element.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> element is usable
within the following elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following attributes: <em>draw:background-size</em> <a
href="#anchor-2804">20.100</a>, <em>draw:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-2636">20.118</a>, <em>draw:fill-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2637">20.119</a>, <em>draw:fill-gradient-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2638">20.120</a>, <em>draw:fill-hatch-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2639">20.121</a>, <em>draw:fill-hatch-solid</em> <a
href="#anchor-2640">20.122</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2641">20.123</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2642">20.124</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point</em> <a
href="#anchor-2643">20.125</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-2644">20.126</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-2645">20.127</a>, <em>draw:fill-image-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2646">20.128</a>, <em>draw:gradient-step-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-2654">20.137</a>, <em>draw:opacity</em> <a
href="#anchor-2664">20.152</a>, <em>draw:opacity-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2665">20.153</a>, <em>draw:secondary-fill-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2669">20.157</a>, <em>draw:tile-repeat-offset</em> <a
href="#anchor-2686">20.175</a>,
<em>presentation:background-objects-visible</em> <a
href="#anchor-2805">20.231</a>, <em>presentation:background-visible</em>
<a href="#anchor-2806">20.232</a>,
<em>presentation:display-date-time</em> <a
href="#anchor-2807">20.233</a>, <em>presentation:display-footer</em> <a
href="#anchor-2808">20.234</a>, <em>presentation:display-header</em> <a
href="#anchor-2809">20.235</a>,
<em>presentation:display-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-2810">20.236</a>, <em>presentation:duration</em> <a
href="#anchor-2811">20.237</a>, <em>presentation:transition-speed</em>
<a href="#anchor-2812">20.238</a>,
<em>presentation:transition-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2813">20.239</a>, <em>presentation:transition-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2814">20.240</a>, <em>presentation:visibility</em> <a
href="#anchor-2815">20.241</a>, <em>smil:direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-2816">20.242</a>, <em>smil:fadeColor</em> <a
href="#anchor-2817">20.243</a>, <em>smil:subtype</em> <a
href="#anchor-2818">20.244</a>, <em>smil:type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2819">20.245</a>, <em>style:repeat</em> <a
href="#anchor-2704">20.341</a> and <em>svg:fill-rule</em> <a
href="#anchor-2710">20.406</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> element has the
following child element: <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>.</p>
<h1 id="datatypes"><span id="anchor-2820"></span>Datatypes</h1>
<h2 id="introduction-3"><span id="anchor-2821"></span>Introduction</h2>
<p>The values of attributes and elements have datatypes. This
specification defines datatypes for values of elements and attributes of
OpenDocument documents. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This specification and the schema make reference to other
specifications for some datatype definitions. Some datatypes introduced
here may be specializations of other datatypes defined here or in other
specifications. </p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="w3c-schema-datatypes"><span id="anchor-2822"></span>W3C Schema
Datatypes</h2>
<p>The following <a href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> datatypes
are used in this specification:</p>
<ul>
<li><span id="anchor-244"></span>string</li>
<li><span id="anchor-295"></span>date</li>
<li><span id="datatype-time"></span>time</li>
<li><span id="anchor-255"></span>dateTime</li>
<li><span id="datatype-decimal"></span>decimal</li>
<li><span id="anchor-274"></span>duration</li>
<li><span id="datatype-int"></span>int </li>
<li><span id="datatype-integer"></span>integer</li>
<li><span id="anchor-272"></span>nonNegativeInteger</li>
<li><span id="datatype-positiveInteger"></span>positiveInteger</li>
<li><span id="anchor-294"></span>double</li>
<li><span id="datatype-long"></span>long</li>
<li><span id="datatype-short"></span>short</li>
<li><span id="anchor-1357"></span>base64Binary</li>
<li><span id="datatype-ID"></span>ID</li>
<li><span id="datatype-IDREF"></span>IDREF</li>
<li><span id="datatype-IDREFS"></span>IDREFS</li>
<li><span id="datatype-NCName"></span>NCName</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="other-datatypes"><span id="anchor-2823"></span>Other
Datatypes</h2>
<h3 id="angle"><span id="anchor-2824"></span><span
id="datatype-angle"></span>angle</h3>
<p>An angle, as defined in §4.1 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>, is a
double value that may be followed immediately by one of the following
angle unit identifiers: deg (degrees), grad (gradiants) or rad
(radians). If no unit identifier is specified, the value is assumed to
be in degrees.</p>
<p> OpenDocument v1.1 did not support angle specifications that contain
an angle unit identifier. Angle unit identifiers should be omitted for
compatibility with OpenDocument v1.1.</p>
<h3 id="anyiri"><span id="anchor-2825"></span><span
id="datatype-anyIRI"></span>anyIRI </h3>
<p>An IRI-reference as defined in <a href="#nref-rfc3987">[RFC3987]</a>,
expressed in an <a href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> anyURI.
</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The procedure for resolution of anyIRI values that are not IRI
values is undefined.</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="boolean"><span id="anchor-2826"></span><span
id="anchor-296"></span>boolean</h3>
<p>A Boolean value may have either of the values <code>true</code> or
<code>false</code>.</p>
<h3 id="celladdress"><span id="anchor-2827"></span><span
id="datatype-cellAddress"></span>cellAddress</h3>
<p>A cell address as specified in <a
href="#Referencing Table Cells">9.2.1</a>.</p>
<h3 id="cellrangeaddress"><span id="anchor-2828"></span><span
id="datatype-cellRangeAddress"></span>cellRangeAddress</h3>
<p>A cell range address as specified in <a
href="#CellRangeAddress">9.2.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="cellrangeaddresslist"><span id="anchor-2829"></span><span
id="datatype-cellRangeAddressList"></span>cellRangeAddressList</h3>
<p>A cell range address list as specified in <a
href="#CellRangeAddressList">9.2.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="character"><span id="anchor-2830"></span><span
id="datatype-character"></span>character</h3>
<p>A character value is a string with only one character.</p>
<h3 id="clipshape"><span id="anchor-2831"></span><span
id="datatype-clipShape"></span>clipShape</h3>
<p>A clip shape as defined in §7.20.1 of <a href="#nref-xsl">[XSL]</a>.
Offsets shall not be specified using the units em and px. </p>
<h3 id="color"><span id="anchor-2832"></span><span
id="datatype-color"></span>color</h3>
<p>A RGB color in conformance with §5.9.11 of <a
href="#nref-xsl">[XSL]</a>, that is a RGB color in notation “#rrggbb”,
where rr, gg and bb are pairs of hexadecimal digits.</p>
<h3 id="coordinate"><span id="anchor-2833"></span><span
id="datatype-coordinate"></span>coordinate</h3>
<p>A coordinate represents a length in a coordinate system. It specifies
the distance from the origin of the coordinate system along the relevant
axis.</p>
<h3 id="countrycode"><span id="anchor-2834"></span><span
id="datatype-countryCode"></span>countryCode</h3>
<p>A country code is a value that conforms to ISO 3166 (<a
href="#nref-iso3166-1">[ISO3166-1]</a>, <a
href="#nref-iso3166-2">[ISO3166-2]</a>, <a
href="#nref-iso3166-3">[ISO3166-3]</a>, or their successors, and further
parts). </p>
<p>See §2.2.4 Region Subtag of <a href="#nref-rfc5646">[RFC5646]</a>, or
its successors.</p>
<h3 id="curie"><span id="anchor-2835"></span><span
id="datatype-CURIE"></span>CURIE</h3>
<p>A CURIE, as described in §7 of <a href="#nref-rdfa">[RDFa]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="curies"><span id="anchor-2836"></span><span
id="datatype-CURIEs"></span>CURIEs</h3>
<p>A list of CURIEs, as described in §7 of <a
href="#nref-rdfa">[RDFa]</a>, separated by white spaces.</p>
<h3 id="dateordatetime"><span id="anchor-2837"></span><span
id="datatype-dateOrDateTime"></span>dateOrDateTime</h3>
<p>A dateOrDateTime value is either an <a
href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> date value or an <a
href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> dateTime value.</p>
<h3 id="distance"><span id="anchor-2838"></span><span
id="datatype-distance"></span>distance</h3>
<p>The length between two points.</p>
<h3 id="language"><span id="anchor-2839"></span><span
id="anchor-270"></span>language</h3>
<p>A language is a natural language identifier as defined by <a
href="#nref-rfc5646">[RFC5646]</a>, or its successor. The lexical space
is the same as the <a href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a>
language data type.</p>
<p> The language datatype is the same as the <a
href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> language datatype, except
that its value range is not restricted to values of <a
href="#nref-rfc3066">[RFC3066]</a>, but follows the syntax of the
xml:lang attribute. See §2.12 of <a
href="#nref-xml1.0">[XML1.0]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="languagecode"><span id="anchor-2840"></span><span
id="datatype-languageCode"></span>languageCode</h3>
<p>A language code is a value that conforms to ISO 639 (<a
href="#nref-iso639-1">[ISO639-1]</a>, <a
href="#nref-iso639-2">[ISO639-2]</a>, <a
href="#nref-iso639-3">[ISO639-3]</a> or their successors, and further
parts). </p>
<p>See §2.2.1 Primary Language Subtag of <a
href="#nref-rfc5646">[RFC5646]</a>, or its successors.</p>
<h3 id="length"><span id="anchor-2841"></span><span
id="datatype-length"></span>length</h3>
<p>A (positive or negative) length, consisting of magnitude and unit, in
conformance with the Units of Measure defined in §5.9.13 of <a
href="#nref-xsl">[XSL]</a>. </p>
<h3 id="namespacedtoken"><span id="anchor-2842"></span><span
id="datatype-namespacedToken"></span>namespacedToken</h3>
<p>A namespaced token is an <a
href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> QName that matches the
definition of PrefixedName in §4 of <a
href="#nref-xml-names">[XML-Names]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="nonnegativelength"><span id="anchor-2843"></span><span
id="datatype-nonNegativeLength"></span>nonNegativeLength</h3>
<p>A measurement with a value that shall be zero or positive.</p>
<h3 id="nonnegativepixellength"><span id="anchor-2844"></span><span
id="datatype-nonNegativePixelLength"></span><span
id="DDE_LINK2311"></span>nonNegativePixelLength</h3>
<p>A non-negative measurement that shall have the unit px (pixels).</p>
<h3 id="pathdata"><span id="anchor-2845"></span><span
id="datatype-pathData"></span>pathData</h3>
<p>Path data as described in §8.3 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.
Attribute values of this data type shall match the BNF grammar for SVG
path data in §8.3.9 of <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="percent"><span id="anchor-2846"></span><span
id="datatype-percent"></span>percent</h3>
<p>(Positive or negative) percentage values in conformance with §5.9.11
of <a href="#nref-xsl">[XSL]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="point3d"><span id="anchor-2847"></span><span
id="datatype-point3D"></span>point3D</h3>
<p>A 3D point. The syntax of a 3D point is the same as that for vector3D
(<a href="#anchor-2848">18.3.40</a>), except that each coordinate is
shall be followed by a unit.</p>
<h3 id="points"><span id="anchor-2849"></span><span
id="datatype-points"></span>points</h3>
<p>A sequence of points. Each point consists of two integer coordinates
separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). The points are separated by
white space.</p>
<h3 id="positivelength"><span id="anchor-2850"></span><span
id="datatype-positiveLength"></span>positiveLength</h3>
<p>A measurement with a value that shall be positive.</p>
<h3 id="relativelength"><span id="anchor-2851"></span><span
id="datatype-relativeLength"></span>relativeLength</h3>
<p>A relative length is a positive integer, followed by a ”*” (U+002A,
ASTERISK) character.</p>
<h3 id="safecurie"><span id="anchor-2852"></span><span
id="datatype-safeCURIE"></span>safeCURIE</h3>
<p>A safe CURIE, as described in §7 of <a
href="#nref-rdfa">[RDFa]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="scriptcode"><span id="anchor-2853"></span><span
id="datatype-scriptCode"></span>scriptCode</h3>
<p>A script code conforming to <a href="#nref-iso15924">[ISO15924]</a>,
or its successors. See §2.2.3 Script Subtag of <a
href="#nref-rfc5646">[RFC5646]</a>, or its successors.</p>
<h3 id="signedzerotohundredpercent"><span id="anchor-2854"></span><span
id="datatype-signedZeroToHundredPercent"></span>signedZeroToHundredPercent</h3>
<p>Percentage values in the range [-100%,100%] in conformance with
§5.9.11 of <a href="#nref-xsl">[XSL]</a>. </p>
<h3 id="stylename"><span id="anchor-2855"></span><span
id="datatype-styleName"></span>styleName</h3>
<p>A NCName as specified in <a
href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a><a
href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> that is the name of a
style.</p>
<h3 id="stylenameref"><span id="anchor-2856"></span><span
id="datatype-styleNameRef"></span>styleNameRef</h3>
<p>A NCName as specified in <a
href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> that is the name of a
referenced style, or an empty value.</p>
<h3 id="stylenamerefs"><span id="anchor-2857"></span><span
id="datatype-styleNameRefs"></span>styleNameRefs</h3>
<p>A white-space-separated list of NCNames as specified in <a
href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> that are the names of a
style.</p>
<h3 id="targetframename"><span id="anchor-2858"></span><span
id="datatype-targetFrameName"></span>targetFrameName</h3>
<p>The name of a target frame in conformance with §6.16 of <a
href="#nref-html4">[HTML4]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textencoding"><span id="anchor-2859"></span><span
id="datatype-textEncoding"></span>textEncoding</h3>
<p>A character encoding in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of <a
href="#nref-xml1.0">[XML1.0]</a>, or the value x-symbol. The value is
x-symbol means that the character encoding is not enumerated by §4.3.3
of <a href="#nref-xml1.0">[XML1.0]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="timeordatetime"><span id="anchor-2860"></span><span
id="datatype-timeOrDateTime"></span>timeOrDateTime</h3>
<p>A timeOrDateTime value is either an <a
href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> time or an <a
href="#nref-xmlschema-2">[XMLSchema-2]</a> dateTime value.</p>
<h3 id="uriorsafecurie"><span id="anchor-2861"></span><span
id="datatype-URIorSafeCURIE"></span>URIorSafeCURIE</h3>
<p>An IRI or a safe CURIE, as described in §7 of <a
href="#nref-rdfa">[RDFa]</a>.</p>
<h3 id="valuetype"><span id="anchor-2862"></span><span
id="datatype-valueType"></span>valueType</h3>
<p>A list of value types.</p>
<h3 id="variablename"><span id="anchor-2863"></span><span
id="datatype-variableName"></span>variableName</h3>
<p>A string specifying the name of a variable.</p>
<h3 id="vector3d"><span id="anchor-2848"></span><span
id="datatype-vector3D"></span>vector3D</h3>
<p>A 3-element vector that is represented by floating-point x, y, z
coordinates. The format of a vector3D value is white space separated
tokens in the order x, y, and z, and that expression starts with "("
(LEFT PARENTHESIS U+0028) and ends with ")" (RIGHT PARENTHESIS U+0029).
If this value represents a normal, then it should be normalized.</p>
<h3 id="zerotohundredpercent"><span id="anchor-2864"></span><span
id="datatype-zeroToHundredPercent"></span>zeroToHundredPercent</h3>
<p>Percentage values in the range [0%,100%] in conformance with §5.9.11
of <a href="#nref-xsl">[XSL]</a>.</p>
<h1 id="general-attributes"><span id="anchor-2865"></span>General
Attributes</h1>
<h2 id="general-58"><span id="anchor-2866"></span>General</h2>
<p>Attributes for elements defined by are divided between those used by
structural elements (<a href="#anchor-2867">19</a>) versus those used by
&lt;style:*-properties&gt; elements (<a href="#anchor-2868">20</a>).</p>
<p>Attributes have <em>default values</em> defined by this standard.
When any element appears in a document instance without such an
attribute, consumers should behave as if the attribute is present with
the defined default value.</p>
<h2 id="animcolor-interpolation"><span id="anchor-2869"></span><span
id="anchor-1971"></span>anim:color-interpolation</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:color-interpolation</em> attribute specifies the color
space that is used for color interpolation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>anim:color-interpolation</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>hsl: HSL (hue, saturation, lightness) color model.</li>
<li>rgb: RGB (red, green, blue) color model.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is rgb.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:color-interpolation</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>anim:color-interpolation</em> attribute are rgb
or hsl.</p>
<h2 id="animcolor-interpolation-direction"><span
id="anchor-2870"></span><span
id="anchor-1972"></span>anim:color-interpolation-direction</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:color-interpolation-direction</em> attribute specifies
the direction that is used for color interpolation. This is only valid
for the HSL color space.</p>
<p>The defined values for the
<em>anim:color-interpolation-direction</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>clockwise: color interpolation proceeds in a clockwise
direction.</li>
<li>counterclockwise: color interpolation proceeds in a counterclockwise
direction.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is clockwise.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:color-interpolation-direction</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>anim:color-interpolation-direction</em>
attribute are clockwise or counter-clockwise.</p>
<h2 id="animaudio-level"><span id="anchor-2871"></span><span
id="anchor-1998"></span>anim:audio-level</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:audio-level</em> attribute specifies the audio volume
during a playback. </p>
<p>The defined value range for the <em>anim:audio-level</em> attribute
is a rational number between 0 (inaudible) and 1 (system volume),
inclusive. </p>
<p>The <em>anim:audio-level</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:audio-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="animcommand-1"><span id="anchor-2872"></span><span
id="anchor-2001"></span>anim:command</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:command</em> attribute specifies an animation
command.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>anim:command</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>custom: the command is user-defined.</li>
<li>verb: the command targets an embedded <a href="#nref-ole">[OLE]</a>
object. <a href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>. The parameter verb is the
verb number executed on the embedded object.</li>
<li>play: the command targets a media shape and starts its playback. The
parameter media-time defines the playback start time in seconds. If this
parameter is not set, playback starts at the last position.</li>
<li>toggle-pause: the command targets a media shape and toggles its
playback state from play to paused or from paused to play.</li>
<li>stop: the command targets a media shape and stops its playback.</li>
<li>stop-audio: the command has no target and stops all running audio
playback.</li>
</ul>
<p>If the value of the <em>anim:command</em> attribute is custom, then
there shall be a <em>&lt;anim:param&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2002">15.6.2</a> child element whose <em>anim:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2004">19.10</a> attribute and <em>anim:value</em> <a
href="#anchor-2005">19.12</a> attribute values are user-defined.</p>
<p>If the value of the <em>anim:command</em> attribute is verb, there
shall be a <em>&lt;anim:param&gt;</em> child element whose
<em>anim:name</em> attribute value is verb and whose <em>anim:value</em>
attribute value contains the verb number. </p>
<p>If the value of the <em>anim:command</em> attribute is play, then
there shall be a <em>&lt;anim:param&gt;</em> child element whose
<em>anim:name</em> attribute value is play and whose <em>anim:value</em>
attribute value contains a value expressed in seconds. </p>
<p>The <em>anim:command</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:command</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="animformula"><span id="anchor-2873"></span><span
id="anchor-1939"></span>anim:formula</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:formula</em> attribute specifies a formula used in an
animation function. </p>
<p>The following is the minimum supported grammar:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>formula::= additive_expression</p>
<p>identifier::= '$' | 'pi' | 'e' | 'x' | 'y' | 'width' | 'height'</p>
<p>function::=
'abs'|'sqrt'|'sin'|'cos'|'tan'|'atan'|'acos'|'asin'|'exp'|'log'</p>
<p>binary_function::= 'min'|'max'</p>
<p>basic_expression::= number</p>
<p> | identifier</p>
<p> | unary_function S* '(' S* additive_expression S* ')'</p>
<p> | binary_function S* '(' S* additive_expression S* ','
S*additive_expression S* ')'</p>
<p> | '(' S* additive_expression S* ')'</p>
<p>unary_expression::= '-' S* basic_expression | basic_expression</p>
<p>multiplicative_expression::= unary_expression ( ( S* '*' S*
unary_expression )</p>
<p> | ( S* '/' S* unary_expression ) )*</p>
<p>additive_expression::= multiplicative_expression ( ( S* '+' S*
multiplicative_expression )</p>
<p> | ( S* '-' S* multiplicative_expression ) )*</p>
<p>number::= sign? integer | sign? Floating-point-constant</p>
<p>floating-point-constant::= fractional-constant exponent? | integer
exponent</p>
<p>fractional-constant::= integer? '.' integer | integer '.'</p>
<p>exponent::= ( 'e' | 'E' ) sign? Integer</p>
<p>sign::= '+' | '-'</p>
<p>integer::= [0-9]+</p>
<p>S::= (#x20 | #x9)</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The defined identifiers for the <em>anim:formula</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>"$" (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN): The identifier ”$” is replaced by a value
between 0 and 1 (inclusive) that represents a proportional offset into
an animation element's duration. </li>
<li>pi: The Pi constant. </li>
</ul>
<p>When the <em>anim:formula</em> attribute appears on a descendant
element of <em>&lt;office:presentation&gt;</em>, it may use the
following additional identifiers:</p>
<ul>
<li>e: the Euler constant.</li>
<li>x: the animated elements left edge in screen space where 0 is the
left edge of the screen and 1 is the right edge.</li>
<li>y: the animated elements top edge in screen space, where 0 is the
top edge of the screen and 1 is the bottom edge.</li>
<li>width: the animated elements width in screen space, where 0 is no
width and 1 is the screen's width.</li>
<li>height: the animated elements height in screen space, where 0 is no
height and 1 is the screen's height.</li>
</ul>
<p>If an <em>anim:formula</em> attribute is given, it overrides the
<em>smil:values</em>, <em>smil:to</em>, <em>smil:from</em> and
<em>smil:by</em> attributes as specified in <a
href="#anchor-2874">15.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:formula</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:formula</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="animid-deprecated"><span id="anchor-2875"></span><span
id="anchor-1985"></span>anim:id (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:id</em> attribute specifies an identifier to an
animation element.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore an <em>anim:id</em> attribute if
it occurs on an element with an <em>xml:id</em> attribute value. </p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write <em>anim:id</em> attributes for
elements in addition to an <em>xml:id</em> attribute.</p>
<p> The value of an <em>anim:id</em> attribute shall equal the value of
an <em>xml:id</em> attribute on the same element. </p>
<p>The <em>anim:id</em> attribute is deprecated in favor of
<em>xml:id</em>. <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a></p>
<p>The <em>anim:id</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>NCName</em> <a
href="#datatype-NCName">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="animiterate-interval"><span id="anchor-2876"></span><span
id="anchor-1995"></span>anim:iterate-interval</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:iterate-interval</em> attribute specifies the time
interval between effects that are children of
<em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> elements. </p>
<p>The <em>anim:iterate-interval</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:iterate-interval</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="animiterate-type"><span id="anchor-2877"></span><span
id="anchor-1996"></span>anim:iterate-type</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:iterate-type</em> attribute of a
<em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> element specifies the iteration of child
elements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>anim:iterate-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>by-letter: the target shape or paragraph is iterated by
letters.</li>
<li>by-paragraph: the target shape is iterated by paragraphs.</li>
<li>by-word: the target shape or paragraph is iterated by words.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>anim:iterate-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:iterate-type</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="animname"><span id="anchor-2878"></span><span
id="anchor-2004"></span>anim:name</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a parameter
for an <em>&lt;anim:command&gt; <a href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a></em>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:param&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2002">15.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="animsub-item"><span id="anchor-2879"></span><span
id="anchor-1940"></span>anim:sub-item</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:sub-item</em> attribute specifies components of a target
element for application of animation effects. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>anim:sub-item</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>background: animates only a shape's background and not its
text.</li>
<li>text: animates only the text of a shape.</li>
<li>whole: animates both a shape and its text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>anim:sub-item</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:sub-item</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="animvalue"><span id="anchor-2880"></span><span
id="anchor-2005"></span>anim:value</h2>
<p>The <em>anim:value</em> attribute specifies the value of a parameter
for an <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:param&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2002">15.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>anim:value</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartattached-axis"><span id="anchor-2881"></span><span
id="anchor-1601"></span>chart:attached-axis</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:attached-axis</em> attribute specifies an axis to be
used with a series. The value shall be the name of an axis as defined
with the <em>chart:name</em> attribute on a <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em>
element. </p>
<p>The <em>chart:attached-axis</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:attached-axis</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartautomatic-content"><span id="anchor-2882"></span><span
id="anchor-1617"></span>chart:automatic-content</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:automatic-content</em> attribute specifies if an
equation to be displayed should be calculated automatically or if text
given within a <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element should be used
instead.</p>
<p>If no <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element is provided, the
<em>chart:automatic-content</em> attribute is assumed to be true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:automatic-content</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the text within a <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element is
displayed. </li>
<li>true: an equation is calculated and displayed automatically.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:automatic-content</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-433">11.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:automatic-content</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartclass"><span id="anchor-2883"></span><span
id="anchor-1548"></span>chart:class</h2>
<h3 id="chartchart-chartseries"><span id="anchor-2884"></span><span
id="anchor-1622"></span><span
id="attribute-chart:class_element-chart:series"></span>&lt;chart:chart&gt;,
&lt;chart:series&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>chart:class</em> attribute specifies a chart type. The value
is a namespaced token. The values for the predefined chart types are
defined within the chart namespace ( chart).</p>
<p>The term <em>line attributes</em> is used in defining
<em>chart:class</em> values to refer to the attributes of the
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a> element within a chart style:
<em>draw:stroke <a href="#anchor-2372">19.218</a></em>,
<em>draw:stroke-dash <a href="#anchor-2680">20.168</a></em> and
<em>draw:stroke-linejoin <a
href="#anchor-2682">20.170</a>,svg:stroke-color <a
href="#anchor-2711">20.408</a></em>, <em>svg:stroke-width<a
href="#anchor-2714">20.410</a></em>, and <em>svg:stroke-opacity<a
href="#anchor-2713">20.409</a>.</em> </p>
<p>The term <em>fill attributes</em> is used in defining
<em>chart:class</em> values to refer to the attributes of the
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a> element within a chart style:
<em>draw:fill <a href="#anchor-2636">20.118</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-color <a href="#anchor-2637">20.119</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-gradient-name <a href="#anchor-2638">20.120</a></em>,
<em>draw:gradient-step-count <a href="#anchor-2654">20.137</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-hatch-name <a href="#anchor-2639">20.121</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-hatch-solid <a href="#anchor-2640">20.122</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-image-height <a href="#anchor-2547">19.486</a>,
draw:fill-image-name <a href="#anchor-2642">20.124</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-image-width <a href="#anchor-2646">20.128</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point <a href="#anchor-2643">20.125</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x <a href="#anchor-2644">20.126</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y<a href="#anchor-2645">20.127</a></em>,
<em>draw:opacity</em> <a href="#anchor-2664">20.152</a>,
<em>draw:opacity-name <a href="#anchor-2665">20.153</a></em>,
<em>draw:tile-repeat-offset <a href="#anchor-2686">20.175</a> and
style:repeat <a href="#anchor-2468">19.515</a>.</em></p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:class</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>chart:area –The values given by a
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element are interpreted as y-coordinates
within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical
y-axis. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in
the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an
x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and
so forth. The <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a> element can be used to define labels for
the x-axis. </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="true" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian
coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis
(prior to any 3D scene transformations). </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:deep</em>="true" <a href="#anchor-2737">20.12</a> the
z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements
starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of
1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series
names are used as labels at the z-axis.</p>
<p>The area in the xy-pane between the data points and the x-axis is
filled (chart:origin <a href="#anchor-2765">20.40</a>). </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:stacked</em>="true" <a href="#anchor-2784">20.59</a>
the area between a series and the previous series is filled. The filling
is done as indicated by the fill attributes of the series. A border is
drawn as specified by the line attributes of the series. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:bar – The values given by a
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element are interpreted as y-coordinates
within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical
y-axis. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in
the y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an
x-value 1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and
so forth. The <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a> element can be used to define labels for
the x-axis. Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="true" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian
coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis
(prior to any 3D scene transformations).</p>
<p>Where <em>chart:deep</em>="true" <a href="#anchor-2737">20.12</a> the
z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements
starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of
1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series
names are used as labels at the z-axis. </p>
<p>Bars are displayed for each data point starting at the x-axis and
ending at the indicated y-coordinate (see <em>chart:origin</em> <a
href="#anchor-2765">20.40</a> for more details). In case of
<em>chart:stacked</em>="true" <a href="#anchor-2784">20.59</a> the bar
starts at the previous series instead of the x-axis. The width and exact
position of the bars along the x-axis is influenced by the attributes
<em>chart:gap-width <a href="#anchor-2748">20.23</a></em>,
<em>chart:group-bars-per-axis <a href="#anchor-2749">20.24</a></em>,
<em>chart:overlap <a href="#anchor-2766">20.41</a></em>,
<em>chart:percentage <a href="#anchor-2767">20.43</a> and chart:stacked
<a href="#anchor-2784">20.59</a></em>. In case of
<em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="false" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> the bars are simple rectangles. </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="true" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> the shape of the bars are defined by a
<em>chart:solid-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2780">20.56</a> attribute. A
<em>chart:vertical</em> <a href="#anchor-2797">20.72</a> attribute
indicates whether the positions of x- and y-axis should be swapped,
resulting in a horizontal y-axis and vertical x-axis. The bars are
filled as indicated by the fill attributes of the series and points. A
border is drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p></li>
<li>chart:bubble – Circles(bubbles) with different sizes are displayed
in a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical
y-axis. The values given by a <em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em>
<a href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element are interpreted as relative bubble
area. The values for the y-coordinates are given by the first
<em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1605">11.13</a> element.
The values for the x-coordinates are given by the second
<em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element. The bubbles are filled as
indicated by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is
drawn as specified by the line attributes. </li>
<li>chart:circle – The values given by a
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element are displayed as pie chart. For a
value sequence a circle is divided into sectors, the angle of a sector
represents the relative weight of a value. Only one series can be
displayed with this chart type. By default, the segments are arranged
counter-clockwise starting at 12 o'clock. To arrange the segments in
clockwise order the attribute <em>chart:reverse-direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-2776">20.51</a> at the y-axis is set to true. The
<em>chart:angle-offset</em> <a href="#anchor-2727">20.2</a> attribute is
used to rotate the pie. The <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a> element at the x-axis can be used to
define categories for the data points. The segments are filled as
indicated by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is
drawn as specified by the line attributes. </li>
<li><p>chart:filled-radar – The values given by a
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element are interpreted as
radius-coordinates within a counter-clockwise polar coordinate system.
The angle axis starts at 12 o'clock. The axis element with
<em>chart:dimension</em>="y" <a href="#anchor-1595">19.18</a> is
interpreted as radius axis. The axis element with
<em>chart:dimension</em>="x" is interpreted as angle axis. The
<em>&lt;chart:categories&gt; <a href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a></em>
element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The x-coordinates
are generated from the positions in the value sequence starting with
1.0. First value gets an x-value 1.0. The second value is associated
with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. </p>
<p>The area surrounded by the data points is filled as indicated by the
fill attributes of the series. In case of <em>chart:stacked</em>="true"
<a href="#anchor-2784">20.59</a> the area between a series and the
previous series is filled instead. A border is drawn as specified by the
line attributes. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:gantt – The values given by a
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute of two
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> (marked as being of type chart:gantt) are
interpreted<br />
together to form the start and end values (in this order) in a Gantt
chart. Start and end values are displayed at the y-axis in a Cartesian
coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis. The
accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the y-value
sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The
second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The
<em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a>
element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. </p>
<p>For each x-coordinate, a bar is displayed, starting at the start
value and ending at the end value. The fill and line attributes of the
series and points specify how the bars are to be displayed. If the end
value is greater than or equal to the start value the style of the first
series, shall be used. If the end value is smaller than the start value,
the styles of the second series shall be used. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:line – The values given by a
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element are interpreted as y-coordinates
within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical
y-axis. </p>
<p>The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the positions in the
y-value sequence starting with 1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value
1.0. The second y-value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so
forth. The <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a> element can be used to define labels for
the x-axis. </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="true" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian
coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis
(prior to any 3D scene transformations). </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:deep</em>="true" <a href="#anchor-2737">20.12</a> the
z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements
starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of
1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series
names are used as labels at the z-axis. </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="false" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> the data points are connected with a line
as specified by the line attributes of the series. By default a solid
line is drawn. If symbols should be used for the data points this shall
be specified with the <em>chart:symbol-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2787">20.62</a> attribute. The fill attributes of the
series and data points specify how the symbols are filled. By default.
the symbols are filled solid with the same color as the connecting line.
In case no line color is given but a fill color, the line uses the fill
color. </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="true" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> no symbols are shown. The data points are
connected with a line that is extruded in z-direction. The extruded line
is filled as specified by the fill attributes of the series. A border is
drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p>
<p>The attribute <em>chart:interpolation</em> <a
href="#anchor-2752">20.27</a> within the chart style at the plot-area
specifies which type of interpolation is used while connecting the
points with lines. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:radar – The values given by a
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element are interpreted as
radius-coordinates within a counter-clockwise polar coordinate system.
The angle axis starts at 12 o'clock. The axis element with
<em>chart:dimension</em>="y" <a href="#anchor-1595">19.18</a> is
interpreted as radius axis. The axis element with
<em>chart:dimension</em>="x" is interpreted as angle axis. The
<em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a>
element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The x-coordinates
are generated from the positions in the value sequence starting with
1.0. First value gets an x-value 1.0. The second value is associated
with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. </p>
<p>The data points are connected with a line as specified by the line
attributes of the series. By default a solid line is drawn. If symbols
should be used for the data points this shall be specified with the
<em>chart:symbol-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2787">20.62</a> attribute.
The fill attributes of the series and data points specify how the
symbols are filled. By default, the symbols are filled solid with the
same color as the connecting line. In case no line color is given but a
fill color, the line uses the fill color. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:ring – The values given by a
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element are displayed as one ring in a
doughnut chart. For a given value sequence, the ring is divided into
sectors, the angle of a sector represents the relative weight of a
value. </p>
<p>By default, segments are arranged counter-clockwise starting at 12
o'clock. To arrange the segments in clockwise order the attribute
<em>chart:reverse-direction</em> <a href="#anchor-2776">20.51</a> at the
y-axis is set to "true". The <em>chart:angle-offset</em> <a
href="#anchor-2727">20.2</a> attribute is used to rotate the doughnut.
</p>
<p>By default, the first series of class ring forms the inner ring and
the last series forms the outermost ring. To arrange the rings in
opposite order the attribute <em>chart:reverse-direction</em> <a
href="#anchor-2776">20.51</a> is set to "true" at the x-axis. The
attribute <em>chart:hole-size</em> <a href="#anchor-2750">20.25</a> is
used to influence the inner hole size. </p>
<p>The <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a> element at the x-axis can be used to
define categories for the data points. The segments are filled as
specified by the fill attributes of the series and points. A border is
drawn around a segment as specified by the line attributes. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:scatter – The values given by a
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element are interpreted as y-coordinates
within a Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical
y-axis. The values for the x-coordinates are given by the first
<em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1605">11.13</a> element.
</p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="true" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> a left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian
coordinate system is used with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis
(prior to any 3D scene transformations). </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:deep</em>="true" <a href="#anchor-2737">20.12</a> the
z-coordinates are generated from the order of the series elements
starting with 1.0. The first series has an associated z-coordinate of
1.0. The second series has a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series
names are used as labels at the z-axis. </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="false" the data points are
connected with a line as specified by the line attributes of the series.
By default a solid line is drawn. If symbols should be used for the data
points this shall be specified with the <em>chart:symbol-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2787">20.62</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The fill attributes of the series and data points specify how the
symbols are filled. By default the symbols are filled solid with the
same color as the connecting line. In case no line color is given but a
fill color, the line uses the fill color. </p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="true" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> no symbols are shown. The data points are
connected with a line that is extruded in z-direction. The extruded line
is filled as specified by the fill attributes of the series. A border is
drawn as specified by the line attributes. </p>
<p>The attribute <em>chart:interpolation</em> <a
href="#anchor-2752">20.27</a> within the chart style at the plot-area
specifies which type of interpolation is used while connecting the
points with lines. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:stock – The values given by a
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on up to four
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> (marked as being of type chart:stock) are
interpreted together to form the opening, minimum, maximum and closing
(in this order) values of a stock symbol displayed at the y scale in a
Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis.
If only three series are given, the values are interpreted as minimum,
maximum and closing values (in this order). The accessory x-coordinates
are generated from the positions in the y-value sequence starting with
1.0. The first y-value gets an x-value 1.0. The second y-value is
associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The
<em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a>
element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. </p>
<p>For each x-coordinate, the minimum and maximum y-values are connected
with a line. The line style is specified with element
<em>&lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1589">11.22</a></em>. The
<em>chart:japanese-candle-stick</em> <a href="#anchor-2755">20.30</a>
attribute specifies the display of opening and closing values in a stock
chart. In case of <em>chart:japanese-candle-stick</em>="false" opening
and closing values are displayed as left and right tick-lines in the
same style as the line connecting minimum and maximum value. This is the
default. Only in case of <em>chart:japanese-candle-stick</em>="true" a
bar is drawn from opening to closing value. The styles to use for those
bars are defined with elements <em>&lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1587">11.20</a></em> and
<em>&lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1588">11.21</a></em>. </p></li>
<li><p>chart:surface – Depending on the size of the range specified by
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute of the first
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element one of two types of surfaces is
rendered:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If the <em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute of the first
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element specifies a range with more than
one row and more than one column, the first version of a surface chart
is rendered:</p>
<p>The value in the ith column and jth row of the cell range given by
the <em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute of the
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element (marked as being of type
chart:surface) is the altitude corresponding to the x-value i and the
y-value j unless <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1605">11.13</a> elements are contained in the
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>If <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="true" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> a surface chart is displayed in a
right-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with
horizontal x-axis (from left to right), a perspective y-axis running
from the front to the right rear and a vertical z-axis (prior to any 3D
scene transformation). The altitude values are displayed on the z-axis
in this case. The surface is displayed as specified by the line and fill
attributes of the first series. Furthermore the
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a>
elements of the series can be used to specify differing fill and line
styles for the different altitude intervals. The surface within the
first major interval (starting at lower values) is displayed with the
line and fill attributes of the first data-point, within the second
major interval the surface is displayed with the line and fill
attributes of the second data-point and so on.</p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="false" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> a contour plot is displayed in a
two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and
vertical y-axis. An axis element with <em>chart:dimension</em>="z" <a
href="#anchor-1595">19.18</a> is used to define the range and
segmentation of the displayed altitude values. Contour lines are drawn
along lines of equal altitude specified by the major interval of the
z-axis. The area between the contour lines can be filled. The line and
fill style is specified by the line and fill attributes of the series.
Furthermore the <em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a> elements of the series can be used to
specify differing line and fill attributes for the different altitude
intervals. The contour line and area belonging to the first major
interval is displayed with the line and fill attributes of the first
data-point, the contour line and area belonging to the second interval
is displayed as specified by the line and fill attributes of the second
data-point and so on.</p>
<p>In both cases two <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1605">11.13</a> elements may be used to specify the
y-values and x-values to be used (<a href="#anchor-2885">19.597.5</a>).
In this case the jth value of the <em>table:cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-955">19.597</a> attribute of the first
<em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element specifies the y-values used for
the values in the jth row of the cell range given by the
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute of the
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element and the ith value of the
<em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute of the second
<em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element specifies the x-values used for
the values in the ith column.</p>
<p>The attribute <em>chart:deep</em> <a href="#anchor-2737">20.12</a>
shall be false. Multiple <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> elements of type
chart:surface will result in multiple surfaces being rendered. </p></li>
<li><p>If the <em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute of the first
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element specifies a range with a single
row or with a single column the second version of a surface chart is
rendered:</p>
<p>The values given by a <em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute on multiple
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> elements (marked as being of type
chart:surface) are interpreted as altitudes at specific grid
locations.</p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="true" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> a surface chart is displayed in a
left-handed three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with
horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis (prior to any 3D scene
transformation). The altitude values are displayed on the y-axis in this
case. The attribute <em>chart:deep</em> <a href="#anchor-2737">20.12</a>
shall be true. The accessory x-coordinates are generated from the
positions in the altitude -value sequence starting with 1.0. The first
altitude value in each series gets an x-value 1.0. The second altitude
value is associated with an x-value of 2.0 and so forth. The
<em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a>
element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The z-coordinates
are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0.
The first series marked as being of type surface gets an associated
z-coordinate of 1.0. The second series marked as being of type surface
gets a z-coordinate 2.0 and so forth. The series names are used as
labels at the z-axis. The surface is displayed as specified by the line
and fill attributes of the first series. Furthermore the
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a>
elements of the first series can be used to specify differing fill and
line styles for the different altitude intervals. The surface within the
first major interval (starting at lower values) is displayed with the
line and fill attributes of the first data-point, within the second
major interval the surface is displayed with the line and fill
attributes of the second data-point and so on.</p>
<p>Where <em>chart:three-dimensional</em>="false" <a
href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a> a contour plot is displayed in a 2
dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with horizontal x-axis and
vertical y-axis. The x-coordinates are generated from the positions in
the altitude -value sequence starting with 1.0. The
<em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a>
element can be used to define labels for the x-axis. The y-coordinates
are generated from the order of the series elements starting with 1.0.
The series names are used as labels at the y-axis. A third axis element
with <em>chart:dimension</em>="z" <a href="#anchor-1595">19.18</a> is
used to define the range and segmentation of the displayed altitude
values. Contour lines are drawn along lines of equal altitude specified
by the major interval of the z-axis. The area between the contour lines
can be filled. The line and fill style is specified by the line and fill
attributes of the first series. Furthermore the
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a>
elements of the first series can be used to specify differing line and
fill attributes for the different altitude intervals. The contour line
and area belonging to the first major interval is displayed with the
line and fill attributes of the first data-point, the contour line and
area belonging to the second interval is displayed as specified by the
line and fill attributes of the second data-point and so on. </p></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>Additional chart types may be supported by using a different
namespace.</p>
<p>A <em>chart:class</em> <a href="#anchor-1548">19.15</a> attribute for
a <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element overrides the
<em>chart:class</em> attribute for the entire chart. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The following table shows examples for the pre-defined chart
types. Those charts that use one or two data series use two data series
with the values 1;2;3;4 and 1;4;9;16 and the labels a;b;c;d. Those chart
types that use more than two data series (stock and bubble) use the data
series 1;2;3;4 and multiples thereof. The radar chart uses two data
series with five data points.</p>
</blockquote>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE7C09862D6ED22B4D.gif"
style="width:4.882cm;height:4.882cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:line</strong></td>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEF55E133B1E14C9FD.gif"
style="width:4.882cm;height:4.882cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:area</strong></td>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BED42BFF1DA1EA2510.gif"
style="width:4.884cm;height:4.884cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:circle</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE356159C40D964AAC.gif"
style="width:4.882cm;height:4.882cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:ring</strong></td>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEECD981B7054DF585.gif"
style="width:4.882cm;height:4.882cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:scatter</strong></td>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BEE3077BF4E6AF6410.gif"
style="width:4.884cm;height:4.884cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:radar</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE0F10EB0E20C95144.gif"
style="width:4.882cm;height:4.882cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:bar</strong></td>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE9C566115193DA701.gif"
style="width:4.882cm;height:4.882cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:stock</strong></td>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD694AAF88D9B12624.gif"
style="width:4.884cm;height:4.884cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:bubble</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BD000000BD1617CD982F08C512.gif"
style="width:4.882cm;height:4.882cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:surface</strong></td>
<td><img src="Pictures/10000200000000BE000000BE243963DA63B6C335.gif"
style="width:4.882cm;height:4.882cm"
alt=" " /><strong>chart:gantt</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <em>chart:class</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>
and <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:class</em> attribute has the data type
<em>namespacedToken</em> <a
href="#datatype-namespacedToken">18.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartgrid-1"><span id="anchor-2886"></span><span
id="attribute-chart:class_element-chart:grid"></span>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>chart:class</em> attribute of a <em>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</em>
element specifies whether major or minor tick marks are used on a grid.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:class</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>major: major tick marks are extended to grid lines.</li>
<li>minor: minor tick marks are extended to grid lines.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1597">11.11</a>
element the default value for this attribute is major.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:class</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1597">11.11</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:class</em> attribute are major or
minor.</p>
<h2 id="chartcolumn-mapping-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-2887"></span><span
id="anchor-1549"></span>chart:column-mapping (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:column-mapping</em> attribute is deprecated. It
specifies a list of indexes of series. The numbers define a reordering
of data that comes from a container document that provides the data for
the chart. The numbering begins with 1. A list of ascending numbers
beginning with 1 has no effect. To exchange two series, their numbers
shall be exchanged in the list.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:column-mapping</em> <a href="#anchor-1549">19.16</a>
and <em>chart:row-mapping</em> <a href="#anchor-1550">19.26</a>
attributes shall not be used simultaneously.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Instead of using the deprecated <em>chart:column-mapping</em>
attribute, <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> elements may be reordered and
specific cell ranges may be assigned to them using the
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>chart:column-mapping</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:column-mapping</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartdata-source-has-labels-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-2888"></span><span
id="anchor-1584"></span>chart:data-source-has-labels (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:data-source-has-labels</em> attribute specifies whether
a chart's source range (as given within
<em>table:cell-range-address</em> <a href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a>
attribute on a <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> element) contain labels.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:data-source-has-labels</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>both: first row and column of a chart's source range both contain
labels.</li>
<li>column: first column of a chart's source range contains labels.</li>
<li>none: neither the first row nor the first column of a chart's source
range contains labels.</li>
<li>row: first row of a chart's source range contains labels.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:data-source-has-labels</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:data-source-has-labels</em> attribute are
none, row, column or both.</p>
<h2 id="chartdimension"><span id="anchor-2889"></span><span
id="anchor-1595"></span>chart:dimension</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:dimension</em> attribute specifies a dimension in a
coordinate system.</p>
<p>For charts with less than three axes the <em>chart:dimension</em>
attribute may appear with values for the x-axis and y-axis only. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:dimension</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>x: dimension represented by the x-axis of a chart.</li>
<li>y: dimension represented by the y-axis of a chart.</li>
<li>z: dimension represented by the z-axis of a chart. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:dimension</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a>
and <em>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1606">11.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:dimension</em> attribute are x, y or
z.</p>
<h2 id="chartdisplay-equation"><span id="anchor-2890"></span><span
id="anchor-1618"></span>chart:display-equation</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:display-equation</em> attribute specifies whether the
equation itself should be displayed or not. It is only evaluated if the
value of the <em>chart:automatic-content</em> <a
href="#anchor-1617">19.14</a> attribute is true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:display-equation</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the equation is not displayed.</li>
<li>true: the equation is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:display-equation</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-433">11.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:display-equation</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartdisplay-r-square"><span id="anchor-2891"></span><span
id="anchor-1619"></span>chart:display-r-square</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:display-r-square</em> attribute specifies whether an
R-square value should be displayed or not. It is only evaluated if the
value of the <em>chart:automatic-content</em> <a
href="#anchor-1617">19.14</a> attribute is true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:display-r-square</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: R-square value is not displayed.</li>
<li>true: R-square value is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:display-r-square</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-433">11.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:display-r-square</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartlabel-cell-address"><span id="anchor-2892"></span><span
id="anchor-1602"></span>chart:label-cell-address</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:label-cell-address</em> attribute specifies a cell
range list that contains the name for a series.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:label-cell-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:label-cell-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartlegend-align"><span id="anchor-2893"></span><span
id="anchor-1569"></span>chart:legend-align</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:legend-align</em> attribute specifies the alignment of
a legend with the plot area. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:legend-align</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>center: legend is aligned at the center of the plot-area.</li>
<li>end: legend is aligned at the end of the plot-area (which is right
or bottom).</li>
<li>start: legend is aligned at the beginning of the plot-area (which is
left or top).</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This attribute can be used when the
<em>chart:legend-position</em> attribute has one of the following
values: start, end, top, bottom.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>chart:legend-align</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:legend-align</em> attribute are start,
center or end.</p>
<h2 id="chartlegend-position"><span id="anchor-2894"></span><span
id="anchor-1570"></span>chart:legend-position</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:legend-position</em> attribute specifies the placement
of a legend.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:legend-position</em> attribute,
to specify the location of a legend in one of the corners of a chart
outside the plot area, are:</p>
<ul>
<li>bottom-end: place legend in the bottom right corner.</li>
<li>bottom-start: place the legend in the bottom left corner.</li>
<li>top-end: place legend in the top right corner.</li>
<li>top-start: place legend in the top left corner.</li>
</ul>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:legend-position</em> attribute,
to specify the location of a legend next to the plot area, are: </p>
<ul>
<li>bottom: place legend below the plot area.</li>
<li>end: place legend on the right side of the plot area.</li>
<li>start: place legend on the left side of the plot area.</li>
<li>top: place legend above the plot area.</li>
</ul>
<p>The legend position can also be given in absolute coordinates with
<em>svg:x</em> and <em>svg:y</em> attributes, as with any drawing
object. If both absolute coordinates and the legend-position attribute
are given, the <em>chart:legend-position</em> attribute shall be used.
</p>
<p>The <em>chart:legend-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartname"><span id="anchor-2895"></span><span
id="anchor-1596"></span>chart:name</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:name</em> attribute specifies a name for an axis.</p>
<p>Note: The value of a <em>chart:name</em> attribute can be used to
reference an axis.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartrepeated"><span id="anchor-2896"></span><span
id="anchor-1611"></span>chart:repeated</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:repeated</em> attribute specifies how many consecutive
data points have the same style.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:repeated</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:repeated</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartrow-mapping-deprecated"><span id="anchor-2897"></span><span
id="anchor-1550"></span>chart:row-mapping (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:row-mapping</em> attribute specifies a list of indexes
of series. The numbers define a reordering of data that comes from a
container document that provides the data for the chart. The numbering
begins with 1. A list of ascending numbers beginning with 1 has no
effect. To exchange two series, their numbers shall be exchanged in the
list.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:row-mapping</em> and <em>chart:column-mapping</em> <a
href="#anchor-1549">19.16</a> attributes shall not be used
simultaneously.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Instead of using the deprecated <em>chart:row-mapping</em>
attribute, <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> elements may be reordered and specific
cell ranges may be assigned to them using the
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>chart:row-mapping</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:row-mapping</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartstyle-name"><span id="anchor-2898"></span><span
id="anchor-1551"></span>chart:style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:style-name</em> attribute references a chart style by
its name. <a href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> </p>
<p>The <em>chart:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-432">11.15</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-433">11.19</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1606">11.17</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1585">11.8</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-434">11.2.3</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:grid&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1597">11.11</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:mean-value&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1607">11.16</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1608">11.18</a>, <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>, <em>&lt;chart:stock-gain-marker&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1587">11.20</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:stock-loss-marker&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1588">11.21</a>, <em>&lt;chart:stock-range-line&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1589">11.22</a>, <em>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-437">11.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-438">11.2.1</a> and <em>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1590">11.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartvalues-cell-range-address"><span
id="anchor-2899"></span><span
id="anchor-1603"></span>chart:values-cell-range-address</h2>
<p> The <em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies a
cell range that contains the values for a data series. </p>
<p>The <em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data
type <em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="configname"><span id="anchor-2900"></span><span
id="anchor-161"></span>config:name</h2>
<p>The <em>config:name</em> attribute specifies a name of an application
setting, an application setting sequence, or an application setting
container.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-158">3.10.2</a> elements that are children of
<em>&lt;office:settings&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-54">3.10</a> elements,
the name shall begin with a namespace prefix followed by a “:” (U+003A,
COLON). The XML namespace bound to the prefix identifies the
implementation that defines the name of a setting.</p>
<p>The <em>config:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-162">3.10.3</a>,
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-entry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-160">3.10.5</a>,
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-indexed&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-163">3.10.4</a>,
<em>&lt;config:config-item-map-named&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-164">3.10.6</a> and
<em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-158">3.10.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>config:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="configtype"><span id="anchor-2901"></span><span
id="anchor-166"></span>config:type</h2>
<p>The <em>config:type</em> attribute specifies a data type for a
setting.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>config:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>base64Binary: <a href="#anchor-1357">18.2</a></li>
<li>boolean: <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a></li>
<li>datetime: <a href="#anchor-255">18.2</a></li>
<li>double: <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a></li>
<li>int: <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a></li>
<li>long: <a href="#datatype-long">18.2</a> .</li>
<li>short: <a href="#datatype-short">18.2</a></li>
<li>string: <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>config:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;config:config-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-162">3.10.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>config:type</em> attribute are boolean, short,
int, long, double, string, datetime or base64Binary.</p>
<h2 id="dbadditional-column-statement"><span
id="anchor-2902"></span><span
id="anchor-1667"></span>db:additional-column-statement</h2>
<p>The <em>db:additional-column-statement</em> attribute specifies the
auto-increment keyword of an SQL create statement and any start value.
</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The auto-increment keyword, optional start value and the format
of the string specifying them are database specific. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>db:additional-column-statement</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;db:auto-increment&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1662">12.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:additional-column-statement</em> attribute has the data
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbappend-table-alias-name"><span id="anchor-2903"></span><span
id="anchor-1680"></span>db:append-table-alias-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:append-table-alias-name</em> attribute specifies that a
table alias name should be appended when creating an SQL query.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:append-table-alias-name</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: table alias name is not appended to a query when creating an
SQL query.</li>
<li>true: table alias name is appended to a query when creating an SQL
query.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>db:append-table-alias-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:append-table-alias-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbapply-command"><span id="anchor-2904"></span><span
id="anchor-1735"></span>db:apply-command</h2>
<p>The <em>db:apply-command</em> attribute specifies whether an SQL
clause specified by a <em>db:command</em> attribute should be appended
to an underlying statement.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:apply-command</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: an SQL clause specified by a <em>db:command</em> <a
href="#anchor-1725">19.38</a> will not be appended to an underlying
statement.</li>
<li>true: an SQL clause specified by a <em>db:command</em> attribute
will be appended to an underlying statement.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>db:apply-command</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1730">12.30</a> and <em>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1731">12.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:apply-command</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbas-template"><span id="anchor-2905"></span><span
id="anchor-1719"></span>db:as-template</h2>
<p>The <em>db:as-template</em> attribute specifies that a document is
used as a template for a table structure to be created inside a
database.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:as-template</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: document is not used as a template.</li>
<li>true: document is used as a template.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:as-template</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:as-template</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbbase-dn"><span id="anchor-2906"></span><span
id="anchor-1657"></span>db:base-dn</h2>
<p>The <em>db:base-dn</em> attribute specifies a base DN for data that
is retrieved using LDAP. <a href="#nref-rfc4514">[RFC4514]</a></p>
<p>The <em>db:base-dn</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1633">12.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:base-dn</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbboolean-comparison-mode"><span id="anchor-2907"></span><span
id="anchor-1681"></span>db:boolean-comparison-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>db:boolean-comparison-mode</em> attribute specifies a
comparison mode used for Boolean values in SQL SELECT statements. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:boolean-comparison-mode</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>equal-boolean: “= TRUE" will be used for true and “= FALSE" for
false.</li>
<li>equal-integer: “= 1" will be used for true and “= 0" for false.</li>
<li>equal-use-only-zero: “NOT ($value = 0 or $value IS NULL)" will be
used for true and “= 0" for false.</li>
<li>is-boolean: “IS TRUE" will be used for true and “IS FALSE" for
false.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is equal-integer.</p>
<p>The <em>db:boolean-comparison-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>db:boolean-comparison-mode</em> attribute are
equal-integer, is-boolean, equal-boolean or equal-use-only-zero.</p>
<h2 id="dbcatalog-name"><span id="anchor-2908"></span><span
id="anchor-1738"></span>db:catalog-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:catalog-name</em> attribute specifies the catalog part of
a fully-qualified SQL table name or index name.</p>
<p>The <em>db:catalog-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1778">12.46</a>,
<em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1751">12.38</a>,
<em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a> and <em>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1732">12.31</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:catalog-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbcommand"><span id="anchor-2909"></span><span
id="anchor-1725"></span>db:command</h2>
<p>The <em>db:command</em> attribute specifies an SQL select, order or
filter clause that is used as part of a SELECT statement.</p>
<p>The <em>db:command</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:filter-statement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1730">12.30</a>, <em>&lt;db:order-statement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1731">12.29</a> and <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:command</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdata-source-setting-is-list"><span
id="anchor-2910"></span><span
id="anchor-1704"></span>db:data-source-setting-is-list</h2>
<p>The <em>db:data-source-setting-is-list</em> attribute specifies
whether a <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> element contains a
list of <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:data-source-setting-is-list</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: <em>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1688">12.22</a> element should not contain a list of
<em>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1707">12.24</a> elements.</li>
<li>true: <em>&lt;db:data-source-settings&gt;</em> element should
contain a list of <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting-value&gt;</em>
elements.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:data-source-setting-is-list</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1702">12.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:data-source-setting-is-list</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdata-source-setting-name"><span id="anchor-2911"></span><span
id="anchor-1705"></span>db:data-source-setting-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:data-source-setting-name</em> attribute specifies a name
for a <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>db:data-source-setting-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1702">12.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:data-source-setting-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdata-source-setting-type"><span id="anchor-2912"></span><span
id="anchor-1706"></span>db:data-source-setting-type</h2>
<p>The <em>db:data-source-setting-type</em> attribute specifies a data
type for content of a <em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:data-source-setting-value"><em>db:data-source-setting-value</em></a><em>&gt;
<a href="#anchor-1707">12.24</a> element.</em></p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:data-source-setting-type</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>boolean: <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a></li>
<li>double: <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a></li>
<li>int: <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a></li>
<li>long: defined by <a href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a>.</li>
<li>string: <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:data-source-setting-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:data-source-setting&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1702">12.23</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>db:data-source-setting-type</em> attribute are
boolean, short, int, long, double or string.</p>
<h2 id="dbdata-type"><span id="anchor-2913"></span><span
id="anchor-1759"></span>db:data-type</h2>
<p>The <em>db:data-type</em> attribute specifies an SQL data type for a
column.</p>
<p>The values accepted by <em>db:data-type</em> are defined by <a
href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:data-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>db:data-type</em> attribute are bit, boolean,
tinyint, smallint, integer, bigint, float, real, double, numeric,
decimal, char, varchar, longvarchar, date, time, timestmp, binary,
varbinary, longvarbinary, sqlnull, other, object, distinct, struct,
array, blob, clob or ref.</p>
<h2 id="dbdatabase-name"><span id="anchor-2914"></span><span
id="anchor-1645"></span>db:database-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:database-name</em> attribute specifies the database for a
connection, if the database type supports multiple logical databases per
server.</p>
<p>The <em>db:database-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1640">12.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:database-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdecimal"><span id="anchor-2915"></span><span
id="anchor-1671"></span>db:decimal</h2>
<p>The <em>db:decimal</em> attribute specifies a decimal separator for
numeric fields.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</p>
<p>The <em>db:decimal</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1664">12.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:decimal</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdefault-cell-style-name"><span id="anchor-2916"></span><span
id="anchor-1746"></span>db:default-cell-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute specifies a default
cell style. This style is applied to all cells in a column.</p>
<p>The <em>db:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdefault-row-style-name"><span id="anchor-2917"></span><span
id="anchor-1726"></span>db:default-row-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:default-row-style-name</em> attribute specifies a default
row style. This style is applied to all rows in a table.</p>
<p>The <em>db:default-row-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a> and
<em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:default-row-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbdelete-rule"><span id="anchor-2918"></span><span
id="anchor-1769"></span>db:delete-rule</h2>
<p>The <em>db:delete-rule</em> attribute specifies a rule that is
applied for deleting records from a table. It is used only with foreign
keys.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:delete-rule</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>cascade: when the primary key is deleted, rows that imported that
key are deleted.</li>
<li>no-action: indicates that if the primary key has been imported, it
cannot be deleted.</li>
<li>restrict: a primary key shall not be deleted if it has been imported
by another table as a foreign key.</li>
<li>set-default: when the primary key is deleted, the foreign key
(imported key) is set to the default value.</li>
<li>set-null: when the primary key is deleted, the foreign key (imported
key) is changed to NULL.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is no-action.</p>
<p>The <em>db:delete-rule</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1767">12.42</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>db:delete-rule</em> attribute are cascade,
restrict, set-null, no-action or set-default.</p>
<h2 id="dbdescription"><span id="anchor-2919"></span><span
id="anchor-1715"></span>db:description</h2>
<p>The <em>db:description</em> attribute specifies a description of a
database object.</p>
<p>The <em>db:description</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>,
<em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>,
<em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1712">12.25.4</a>, <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a>, <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1722">12.27</a> and
<em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:description</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbenable-sql92-check"><span id="anchor-2920"></span><span
id="anchor-1682"></span>db:enable-sql92-check</h2>
<p>The <em>db:enable-sql92-check</em> attribute specifies whether the
names of tables, views, columns, and queries may contain characters
defined by the <a href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a> feature F392.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:enable-sql92-check</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: consumers should permit characters defined by the <a
href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a> feature F392 for new or changed names of
tables, views, columns, and queries. </li>
<li>true: consumers should not permit characters defined by the <a
href="#nref-sql">[SQL]</a> feature F392 for new or changed names of
tables, views, columns, and queries. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>db:enable-sql92-check</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:enable-sql92-check</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbencoding"><span id="anchor-2921"></span><span
id="anchor-1676"></span>db:encoding</h2>
<p>The <em>db:encoding</em> attribute specifies a text encoding for
string data.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is utf-8.</p>
<p>The <em>db:encoding</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:character-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1663">12.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:encoding</em> attribute has the data type
<em>textEncoding</em> <a href="#datatype-textEncoding">18.3.35</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbescape-processing"><span id="anchor-2922"></span><span
id="anchor-1727"></span>db:escape-processing</h2>
<p>The <em>db:escape-processing</em> attribute specifies whether escape
processing for a query is used or not. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:escape-processing</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: consumer should pass a query statement to the database driver
without interpreting it itself.</li>
<li>true: consumer may pass a query statement to a database driver after
interpreting it itself. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>db:escape-processing</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:escape-processing</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbextension"><span id="anchor-2923"></span><span
id="anchor-1642"></span>db:extension</h2>
<p>The <em>db:extension</em> attribute specifies a file name extension
for files which are used as tables.</p>
<p>The <em>db:extension</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1639">12.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:extension</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbfield"><span id="anchor-2924"></span><span
id="anchor-1672"></span>db:field</h2>
<p>The <em>db:field</em> attribute specifies a separator for database
fields.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “;” (U+003B, SEMICOLON).</p>
<p>The <em>db:field</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1664">12.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:field</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbhostname"><span id="anchor-2925"></span><span
id="anchor-1646"></span>db:hostname</h2>
<p>The <em>db:hostname</em> attribute specifies the name of a server for
a server-based database. </p>
<p>The <em>db:hostname</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1640">12.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:hostname</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbignore-driver-privileges"><span id="anchor-2926"></span><span
id="anchor-1683"></span>db:ignore-driver-privileges</h2>
<p>The <em>db:ignore-driver-privileges</em> attribute specifies whether
privileges returned by a database driver should be ignored. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:ignore-driver-privileges</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: privileges returned by a database driver should not be
ignored.</li>
<li>true: privileges returned by a database driver should be
ignored.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>db:ignore-driver-privileges</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:ignore-driver-privileges</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbis-ascending"><span id="anchor-2927"></span><span
id="anchor-1786"></span>db:is-ascending</h2>
<p>The <em>db:is-ascending</em> attribute specifies that a column is to
be sorted in ascending order. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:is-ascending</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: column is not sorted in ascending order.</li>
<li>true: column is sorted in ascending order.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:is-ascending</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1784">12.48</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-ascending</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbis-autoincrement"><span id="anchor-2928"></span><span
id="anchor-1760"></span>db:is-autoincrement</h2>
<p>The <em>db:is-autoincrement</em> attribute specifies whether a column
is automatically numbered.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:is-autoincrement</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: column is not automatically numbered.</li>
<li>true: column is automatically numbered.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:is-autoincrement</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-autoincrement</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbis-clustered"><span id="anchor-2929"></span><span
id="anchor-1780"></span>db:is-clustered</h2>
<p>The <em>db:is-clustered</em> attribute specifies that an index is
clustered.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:is-clustered</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: index is not clustered.</li>
<li>true: index is clustered.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:is-clustered</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1778">12.46</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-clustered</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbis-empty-allowed"><span id="anchor-2930"></span><span
id="anchor-1761"></span>db:is-empty-allowed</h2>
<p>The <em>db:is-empty-allowed</em> attribute specifies whether a column
may contain empty values. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:is-empty-allowed</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: column shall not contain empty values.</li>
<li>true: column may contain empty values.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:is-empty-allowed</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-empty-allowed</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbis-first-row-header-line"><span id="anchor-2931"></span><span
id="anchor-1658"></span>db:is-first-row-header-line</h2>
<p>The <em>db:is-first-row-header-line</em> attribute specifies whether
the first row in a text file, which is interpreted as a table of a
file-based database, is used to define the columns of a table.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:is-first-row-header-line</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: first row of text file does not define columns of a
table.</li>
<li>true: first row of text file does define columns of a table.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-first-row-header-line</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1633">12.9</a> and <em>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1670">12.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-first-row-header-line</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dblogin-timeout"><span id="anchor-2932"></span><span
id="anchor-1653"></span>db:login-timeout</h2>
<p>The <em>db:login-timeout</em> attribute indicates a default time-out
to be used when establishing a connection for this data source. If the
attribute is not present, then a default time-out is specified by the
database server. </p>
<p>The <em>db:login-timeout</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:login&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1637">12.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:login-timeout</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbis-nullable"><span id="anchor-2933"></span><span
id="anchor-1762"></span>db:is-nullable</h2>
<p>The <em>db:is-nullable</em> attribute specifies the nullability of
values in a column.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:is-nullable</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>no-nulls: null values should not appear in a column.</li>
<li>nullable: null values may appear in a column.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:is-nullable</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>db:is-nullable</em> attribute are no-nulls or
nullable.</p>
<h2 id="dbis-password-required"><span id="anchor-2934"></span><span
id="anchor-1652"></span>db:is-password-required</h2>
<p>The <em>db:is-password-required</em> attribute specifies if a
password is always necessary when establishing a connection for a data
source.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:is-password-required</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: password should not be required for a connection to data
source.</li>
<li>true: password should be required for a connection to data
source.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-password-required</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:login&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1637">12.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-password-required</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbis-unique"><span id="anchor-2935"></span><span
id="anchor-1781"></span>db:is-unique</h2>
<p>The <em>db:is-unique</em> attribute specifies whether an index shall
have unique values.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:is-unique</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: index should not require unique values.</li>
<li>true: index shall have unique values.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:is-unique</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1778">12.46</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-unique</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbprecision"><span id="anchor-2936"></span><span
id="anchor-1763"></span>db:precision</h2>
<p>The <em>db:precision</em> attribute specifies a column's number of
decimal digits.</p>
<p>The <em>db:precision</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:precision</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbis-table-name-length-limited"><span
id="anchor-2937"></span><span
id="anchor-1684"></span>db:is-table-name-length-limited</h2>
<p>The <em>db:is-table-name-length-limited</em> attribute specifies
whether table names are limited to eight characters or fewer
characters.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:is-table-name-length-limited</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: tables names may exceed eight characters in length.</li>
<li>true: table names shall not be greater than eight characters in
length.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-table-name-length-limited</em> attribute is usable with
the following element:
<em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:is-table-name-length-limited</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dblocal-socket"><span id="anchor-2938"></span><span
id="anchor-1647"></span>db:local-socket</h2>
<p>The <em>db:local-socket</em> attribute specifies the local socket on
which a server database is running and accepting connections. The
server's local socket filename is used for connecting to a server
database when it is running locally. </p>
<p>If <em>db:local-socket</em> is present but empty, consumers should
use the default local socket for the database type in question.</p>
<p>The <em>db:local-socket</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1640">12.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:local-socket</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbmax-row-count"><span id="anchor-2939"></span><span
id="anchor-1685"></span>db:max-row-count</h2>
<p>The <em>db:max-row-count</em> attribute specifies the maximum number
of rows that should be returned in a result set.</p>
<p>The <em>db:max-row-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:max-row-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbmedia-type"><span id="anchor-2940"></span><span
id="anchor-1643"></span>db:media-type</h2>
<p>The <em>db:media-type</em> attribute of a
<em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> element specifies the type of
the file(s) that comprise a database. If the database consists of
multiple files of different types which all are required for it to be
operational, this attribute specifies the type of the file linked to by
the <em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> attribute on
the <em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>db:media-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1639">12.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:media-type</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbname"><span id="anchor-2941"></span><span
id="anchor-1716"></span>db:name</h2>
<h3 id="general-59"><span id="anchor-2942"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies a name of a database or
component of a database.</p>
<h3 id="dbcolumn-1"><span id="anchor-2943"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:column"></span>&lt;db:column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a column.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbcolumn-definition-1"><span id="anchor-2944"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:column-definition"></span>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a column.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbcomponent-1"><span id="anchor-2945"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:component"></span>&lt;db:component&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a database
component.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbcomponent-collection-1"><span id="anchor-2946"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:component-collection"></span>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a collection of
<em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a> and
<em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> elements. </p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1712">12.25.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbindex-1"><span id="anchor-2947"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:index"></span>&lt;db:index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of an index. </p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:index&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1778">12.46</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbindex-column-1"><span id="anchor-2948"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:index-column"></span>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of an index
column.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:index-column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1784">12.48</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbkey-1"><span id="anchor-2949"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:key"></span>&lt;db:key&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a key. If the
key is not a primary key, the <em>db:name</em> attribute with a value
shall appear on the <em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1767">12.42</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbkey-column-1"><span id="anchor-2950"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:key-column"></span>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1774">12.44</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbquery-1"><span id="anchor-2951"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:query"></span>&lt;db:query&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbquery-collection-1"><span id="anchor-2952"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:query-collection"></span>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a collection of
<em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a> and
<em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em> elements. </p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1722">12.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbtable-definition-1"><span id="anchor-2953"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:table-definition"></span>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a schema for a
table.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1751">12.38</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbtable-representation-1"><span id="anchor-2954"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:table-representation"></span>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a table. Fully
identifying a table in a database may require values from the
<em>db:catalog-name</em> and <em>db:schema-name</em> attributes. </p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbupdate-table-1"><span id="anchor-2955"></span><span
id="attribute-db:name_element-db:update-table"></span>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1732">12.31</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbparameter-name-substitution"><span
id="anchor-2956"></span><span
id="anchor-1659"></span>db:parameter-name-substitution</h2>
<p>The <em>db:parameter-name-substitution</em> attribute specifies that
parameter names shall be replaced with a ”?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK).
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:parameter-name-substitution</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: parameters names may be replaced by a ”?”.</li>
<li>true: parameters names shall be replaced by a “?”.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>db:parameter-name-substitution</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1633">12.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:parameter-name-substitution</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbport"><span id="anchor-2957"></span><span
id="anchor-1648"></span>db:port</h2>
<p>The <em>db:port</em> attribute specifies the port on which a server
database is accepting connections. If no port is present, consumers
should use the default port for the database type in question.</p>
<p>The <em>db:port</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1640">12.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:port</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbreferenced-table-name"><span id="anchor-2958"></span><span
id="anchor-1770"></span>db:referenced-table-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:referenced-table-name</em> attribute specifies the name of
a referenced table. It is only used with foreign keys.</p>
<p>The <em>db:referenced-table-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1767">12.42</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:referenced-table-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbrelated-column-name"><span id="anchor-2959"></span><span
id="anchor-1776"></span>db:related-column-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:related-column-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
reference column out of the referenced table. It is used only with
foreign keys.</p>
<p>The <em>db:related-column-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:key-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1774">12.44</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:related-column-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbrow-retrieving-statement"><span id="anchor-2960"></span><span
id="anchor-1668"></span>db:row-retrieving-statement</h2>
<p>The <em>db:row-retrieving-statement</em> attribute specifies an SQL
statement, which is executed to retrieve auto generated values after
inserting a new row.</p>
<p>The <em>db:row-retrieving-statement</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:auto-increment&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1662">12.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:row-retrieving-statement</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbscale"><span id="anchor-2961"></span><span
id="anchor-1764"></span>db:scale</h2>
<p>The <em>db:scale</em> attribute specifies a column's number of digits
to the right of the decimal point.</p>
<p>The <em>db:scale</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:scale</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbschema-name"><span id="anchor-2962"></span><span
id="anchor-1739"></span>db:schema-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:schema-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
schema.</p>
<p>The <em>db:schema-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1751">12.38</a>, <em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a> and <em>&lt;db:update-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1732">12.31</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:schema-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbshow-deleted"><span id="anchor-2963"></span><span
id="anchor-1660"></span>db:show-deleted</h2>
<p>The <em>db:show-deleted</em> attribute specifies that deleted records
should be included in result sets.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:show-deleted</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: deleted records not included in result sets.</li>
<li>true: deleted records included in result sets. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>db:show-deleted</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1633">12.9</a> and <em>&lt;db:table-setting&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1670">12.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:show-deleted</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbstring"><span id="anchor-2964"></span><span
id="anchor-1673"></span>db:string</h2>
<p>The <em>db:string</em> attribute specifies a separator for
strings.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “.” (U+002E, FULL STOP).</p>
<p>The <em>db:string</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1664">12.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:string</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbstyle-name"><span id="anchor-2965"></span><span
id="anchor-1728"></span>db:style-name</h2>
<h3 id="general-60"><span id="anchor-2966"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>db:style-name</em> attribute specifies a style name of a
style family for the element upon which it appears. </p>
<h3 id="dbcolumn-2"><span id="anchor-2967"></span><span
id="attribute-db:style-name_element-db:column"></span>&lt;db:column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a style of
the family table-column.</p>
<p>The <em>db:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbquery-2"><span id="anchor-2968"></span><span
id="attribute-db:style-name_element-db:query"></span>&lt;db:query&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a style of
the family table.</p>
<p>The <em>db:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbtable-representation-2"><span id="anchor-2969"></span><span
id="attribute-db:style-name_element-db:table-representation"></span>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a style of
the family table.</p>
<p>The <em>db:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbsuppress-version-columns"><span id="anchor-2970"></span><span
id="anchor-1686"></span>db:suppress-version-columns</h2>
<p>The <em>db:suppress-version-columns</em> attribute specifies that
version columns, columns that are used for versioning row content,
should be suppressed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:suppress-version-columns</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: version columns are not suppressed.</li>
<li>true: version columns should be suppressed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>db:suppress-version-columns</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:suppress-version-columns</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbsystem-driver-settings"><span id="anchor-2971"></span><span
id="anchor-1661"></span>db:system-driver-settings</h2>
<p>The <em>db:system-driver-settings</em> attribute specifies
system-specific options for a connection.</p>
<p>The <em>db:system-driver-settings</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:driver-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1633">12.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:system-driver-settings</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbthousand"><span id="anchor-2972"></span><span
id="anchor-1674"></span>db:thousand</h2>
<p>The <em>db:thousand</em> attribute specifies a thousand separator for
numeric fields.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “,” (U+002C, COMMA).</p>
<p>The <em>db:thousand</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:delimiter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1664">12.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:thousand</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtitle"><span id="anchor-2973"></span><span
id="anchor-1717"></span>db:title</h2>
<p>The <em>db:title</em> attribute specifies a human-readable title of
an object.</p>
<p>The <em>db:title</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>,
<em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>,
<em>&lt;db:component-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1712">12.25.4</a>, <em>&lt;db:query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1721">12.28</a>, <em>&lt;db:query-collection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1722">12.27</a> and
<em>&lt;db:table-representation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1734">12.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:title</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtype"><span id="anchor-2974"></span><span
id="anchor-1649"></span>db:type</h2>
<h3 id="general-61"><span id="anchor-2975"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>db:type</em> attribute specifies a type for keys, databases,
or tables, depending upon the element where it appears.</p>
<h3 id="dbkey-2"><span id="anchor-2976"></span><span
id="attribute-db:type_element-db:key"></span>&lt;db:key&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:type</em> attribute specifies the type of a key. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>foreign: a foreign key is a tuple of values in a database record
that points to a key of a record in another table. </li>
<li>primary: a primary key is a tuple of values that can be used to
identify a row in a table. </li>
<li>unique: a unique key specifies that the value of the key is unique
but may be the NULL value.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:type</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1767">12.42</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>db:type</em> attribute are primary, unique or
foreign.</p>
<h3 id="dbserver-database-1"><span id="anchor-2977"></span><span
id="attribute-db:type_element-db:server-database"></span>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:type</em> attribute specifies the type of a database. </p>
<p>The <em>db:type</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:server-database&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1640">12.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:type</em> attribute has the data type
<em>namespacedToken</em> <a
href="#datatype-namespacedToken">18.3.19</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbtable-definition-2"><span id="anchor-2978"></span><span
id="attribute-db:type_element-db:table-definition"></span>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>db:type</em> attribute specifies the type of a table. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>system table: a table used by a database for administration.</li>
<li>table: a table.</li>
<li>view: a table that is a view of another table.</li>
<li>Implementation-defined values</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:type</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;db:table-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1751">12.38</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:type</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbtype-name"><span id="anchor-2979"></span><span
id="anchor-1765"></span>db:type-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:type-name</em> attribute specifies a database-dependent
type name of a database column. </p>
<p>The <em>db:type-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:type-name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbupdate-rule"><span id="anchor-2980"></span><span
id="anchor-1771"></span>db:update-rule</h2>
<p>The <em>db:update-rule</em> attribute specifies a rule that is
applied for updating records in a table. It is only used for foreign
keys. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:update-rule</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>cascade: when the primary key is updated, the foreign key (imported
key) is changed to the same value.</li>
<li>restrict: a primary key shall not be updated if it has been imported
by another table as a foreign key.</li>
<li>no-action: if the primary key has been imported, it cannot be
updated.</li>
<li>set-default: when the primary key is updated, the foreign key
(imported key) is set to the default value.</li>
<li>set-null: when the primary key is updated, the foreign key (imported
key) is changed to NULL.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is no-action.</p>
<p>The <em>db:update-rule</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:key&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1767">12.42</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>db:update-rule</em> attribute are cascade,
restrict, set-null, no-action or set-default.</p>
<h2 id="dbuse-catalog"><span id="anchor-2981"></span><span
id="anchor-1687"></span>db:use-catalog</h2>
<p>The <em>db:use-catalog</em> attribute specifies that a catalog name
should be used to reference a table in SQL statements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:use-catalog</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: catalog names are not used to reference tables in SQL
statements.</li>
<li>true: catalog names are used to reference tables in SQL
statements.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>db:use-catalog</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:application-connection-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1631">12.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:use-catalog</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbuse-system-user"><span id="anchor-2982"></span><span
id="anchor-1654"></span>db:use-system-user</h2>
<p>The <em>db:use-system-user</em> attribute specifies whether the name
of a user as logged in to the client operating system is used.</p>
<p>If <em>db:use-system-user</em> and <em>db:user-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1655">19.90</a> attributes are omitted and the server
requires a user name, the user is prompted to enter a name.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:use-system-user</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: name of user logged into client operating system is not used
for login.</li>
<li>true: name of user logged into client operating system is used for
login.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>db:use-system-user</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;db:login&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1637">12.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:use-system-user</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbuser-name"><span id="anchor-2983"></span><span
id="anchor-1655"></span>db:user-name</h2>
<p>The <em>db:user-name</em> attribute specifies a user name for
authentication upon creating a connection to a database.</p>
<p>If <em>db:user-name</em> and <em>db:use-system-user</em> <a
href="#anchor-1654">19.89</a> attributes are omitted and the server
requires a user name, the user is prompted to enter a name.</p>
<p>The <em>db:user-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:login&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1637">12.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:user-name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dbvisible"><span id="anchor-2984"></span><span
id="anchor-1747"></span>db:visible</h2>
<p>The <em>db:visible</em> attribute specifies whether a column appears
in a table grid view.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>db:visible</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: column does not appear in a table grid view.</li>
<li>true: column appears in a table grid view.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>db:visible</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>db:visible</em> attribute has the data type <em>boolean</em>
<a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dambient-color"><span id="anchor-2985"></span><span
id="anchor-1392"></span>dr3d:ambient-color</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:ambient-color</em> attribute specifies a color for
ambient light. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Ambient light is light that seems to come from all
directions.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>dr3d:ambient-color</em> attribute, along with
dr3d:diffuse-color, <em>dr3d:emissive-color</em>, and
<em>dr3d:specular-color</em> specifies the four colors that define the
color of a material.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:ambient-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> and <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:ambient-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dcenter"><span id="anchor-2986"></span><span
id="anchor-1418"></span>dr3d:center</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:center</em> attribute specifies the center of a sphere
in a three-dimensional space.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:center</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:center</em> attribute has the data type
<em>vector3D</em> <a href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3ddiffuse-color"><span id="anchor-2987"></span><span
id="anchor-1410"></span>dr3d:diffuse-color</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:diffuse-color</em> attribute specifies the base color
that a light is emitting.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:diffuse-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1405">10.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:diffuse-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3ddirection"><span id="anchor-2988"></span><span
id="anchor-1411"></span>dr3d:direction</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:direction</em> attribute specifies the direction in
which light is emitted.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:direction</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1405">10.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:direction</em> attribute has the data type
<em>vector3D</em> <a href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3ddistance"><span id="anchor-2989"></span><span
id="anchor-1393"></span>dr3d:distance</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:distance</em> attribute specifies the distance between a
camera and an object.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:distance</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> and <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:distance</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3denabled"><span id="anchor-2990"></span><span
id="anchor-1412"></span>dr3d:enabled</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:enabled</em> attribute specifies if a light is enabled.
If a light is not enabled, it does not emit any light.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:enabled</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: light is not enabled.</li>
<li>true: light is enabled.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:enabled</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1405">10.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:enabled</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dfocal-length"><span id="anchor-2991"></span><span
id="anchor-1394"></span>dr3d:focal-length</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:focal-length</em> attribute specifies the focal length
of a virtual camera in a scene.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:focal-length</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> and <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:focal-length</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dlighting-mode"><span id="anchor-2992"></span><span
id="anchor-1395"></span>dr3d:lighting-mode</h2>
<h3 id="general-62"><span id="anchor-2993"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute specifies the use of
lighting in three-dimensional scenes.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute is also defined for
3D objects. <a href="#anchor-2605">20.86</a></p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="chartplot-area-1"><span id="anchor-2994"></span><span
id="attribute-dr3d:lighting-mode_element-chart:plot-area"></span>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute specifies whether lighting
is used in a three-dimensional chart.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: lighting is not used.</li>
<li>true: lighting is used.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dscene-1"><span id="anchor-2995"></span><span
id="attribute-dr3d:lighting-mode_element-dr3d:scene"></span>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute specifies whether lighting
is used in a three-dimensional scene.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: lighting is not used.</li>
<li>true: lighting is used.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dmax-edge"><span id="anchor-2996"></span><span
id="anchor-1415"></span>dr3d:max-edge </h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:max-edge</em> attribute specifies the maximum x, y and z
coordinate values for a cube. </p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:max-edge</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:max-edge</em> attribute has the data type
<em>vector3D</em> <a href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dmin-edge"><span id="anchor-2997"></span><span
id="anchor-1416"></span>dr3d:min-edge</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:min-edge</em> attribute specifies the minimum x, y and z
coordinate values for a cube. </p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:min-edge</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:min-edge</em> attribute has the data type
<em>vector3D</em> <a href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dprojection"><span id="anchor-2998"></span><span
id="anchor-1396"></span>dr3d:projection</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:projection</em> attribute specifies a projection
mode.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:projection</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>parallel: distance from the center of projection to the projection
plane is infinite.</li>
<li>perspective: distance from the center of projection to the
projection plane is finite.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a> element the default value for this
attribute is parallel.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:projection</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:projection</em> attribute are parallel or
perspective.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dshade-mode"><span id="anchor-2999"></span><span
id="anchor-1397"></span>dr3d:shade-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:shade-mode</em> attribute specifies how lighting is
calculated for rendered surfaces.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:shade-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>draft: surfaces are not lit and drawn as wireframe only.</li>
<li>flat: lighting is calculated by one surface normal.</li>
<li>gouraud: lighting is calculated by interpolating the color
calculated with the surface normals at each edge.</li>
<li>phong: lighting is calculated by interpolating the surface normals
over the surface.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a> element the default value for this
attribute is flat.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:shade-mode</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:shade-mode</em> attribute are flat, phong,
gouraud or draft.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dshadow-slant"><span id="anchor-3000"></span><span
id="anchor-1398"></span>dr3d:shadow-slant</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:shadow-slant</em> attribute specifies an angle from a
three-dimensional scene to a virtual paper on which a shadow is cast.
</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:shadow-slant</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> and <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:shadow-slant</em> attribute has the data type
<em>angle</em> <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dsize"><span id="anchor-3001"></span><span
id="anchor-1419"></span>dr3d:size</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:size</em> attribute specifies the size of a sphere in a
three-dimensional space.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:size</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:size</em> attribute has the data type <em>vector3D</em>
<a href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dspecular"><span id="anchor-3002"></span><span
id="anchor-1413"></span>dr3d:specular</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:specular</em> attribute specifies whether a light causes
a specular reflection on objects. consumers may evaluate this attribute
only for the first light in a scene.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:specular</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: light does not cause specular reflection.</li>
<li>true: light does cause specular reflection.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:specular</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:light&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1405">10.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:specular</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dtransform"><span id="anchor-3003"></span><span
id="anchor-1399"></span>dr3d:transform</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:transform</em> attribute specifies a list of transform
definitions, which are applied in the order provided. The individual
transform definitions are separated by white space. </p>
<p>The defined transforms are: </p>
<ul>
<li><p>matrix(<em>&lt;a&gt;</em> <em>&lt;b&gt;</em> <em>&lt;c&gt;</em>
<em>&lt;d&gt;</em> <em>&lt;e&gt;</em> <em>&lt;f&gt;</em>
<em>&lt;g&gt;</em> <em>&lt;h&gt;</em> <em>&lt;i&gt;</em>
<em>&lt;j&gt;</em> <em>&lt;k&gt;</em> <em>&lt;l&gt;</em>): specifies a
transformation in the form of a homogeneous transformation matrix: </p>
<p><span class="math display">$$\begin{pmatrix}
a &amp; d &amp; g &amp; j \\
b &amp; e &amp; h &amp; k \\
c &amp; f &amp; i &amp; l \\
0 &amp; 0 &amp; 0 &amp; 1
\end{pmatrix}$$</span></p>
<p> where the values (&lt;j&gt;, &lt;k&gt;, &lt;l&gt;) in the right
column describe the translation. </p></li>
<li>rotatex(<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em>): specifies a rotation by
<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the x-axis.</li>
<li>rotatey(<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em>): specifies a rotation by
<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the y-axis.</li>
<li>rotatez(<em>&lt;rotate-angle</em>&gt;): specifies a rotation by
<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the z-axis.</li>
<li>scale(<em>&lt;sx&gt;</em> <em>&lt;sy&gt;</em> <em>&lt;sz&gt;</em>):
specifies a scale operation by <em>sx</em>, <em>sy</em> and
<em>sz</em>.</li>
<li>translate(<em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> <em>&lt;ty&gt;</em>
<em>&lt;tz</em>&gt;): specifies a translation by <em>tx</em>,
<em>ty</em> and <em>tz</em>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:transform</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a> and <em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:transform</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dvpn"><span id="anchor-3004"></span><span
id="anchor-1400"></span>dr3d:vpn</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vpn</em> attribute specifies a pointer towards projected
objects.</p>
<p>With the <em>dr3d:vrp</em> <a href="#anchor-1401">19.109</a> and
<em>dr3d:vup</em> <a href="#anchor-1402">19.110</a> attributes, the
<em>dr3d:vpn</em> attribute specifies a viewing volume. </p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vpn</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> and <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vpn</em> attribute has the data type <em>vector3D</em>
<a href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dvrp"><span id="anchor-3005"></span><span
id="anchor-1401"></span>dr3d:vrp</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vrp</em> attribute specifies an origin.</p>
<p>With the <em>dr3d:vpn</em> <a href="#anchor-1400">19.108</a> and
<em>dr3d:<a href="#anchor-1402">19.110</a> vup</em> attributes, the
<em>dr3d:vrp</em> attribute specifies a viewing volume.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vrp</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> and <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vrp</em> attribute has the data type <em>vector3D</em>
<a href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dvup"><span id="anchor-3006"></span><span
id="anchor-1402"></span>dr3d:vup</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vup</em> attribute specifies an up vector. </p>
<p>With the <em>dr3d:vpn</em> <a href="#anchor-1400">19.108</a> and
<em>dr3d:vrp</em> <a href="#anchor-1401">19.109</a> attributes, the
<em>dr3d:vup</em> attribute specifies a viewing volume.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vup</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> and <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vup</em> attribute has the data type <em>vector3D</em>
<a href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawalign"><span id="anchor-3007"></span><span
id="anchor-1300"></span>draw:align</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:align</em> attribute specifies the shape edge where a
glue point is positioned.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:align</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>bottom-left: The position of the glue point is specified relative to
the bottom-left corner of the shape's bounding box. </li>
<li>bottom-right: The position of the glue point is specified relative
to the bottom-right corner of the shape's bounding box. </li>
<li>center: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the
center of the shape's bounding box. </li>
<li>right: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the
right of the shape's bounding box. </li>
<li>top: The position of the glue point is specified relative to the top
of the shape's bounding box. </li>
<li>top-right: The position of the glue point is specified relative to
the top-right corner of the shape's bounding box. </li>
<li>top-left: The position of the glue point is specified relative to
the top-left corner of the shape's bounding box. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:align</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:align</em> attribute are top-left, top,
top-right, left, center, right, bottom-left or bottom-right.</p>
<h2 id="drawangle"><span id="anchor-3008"></span><span
id="anchor-2363"></span>draw:angle</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:angle</em> attribute specifies an angle that rotates the
axis at which the gradient values are interpolated. This attribute is
ignored for radial style gradients. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:angle</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a> and <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:angle</em> attribute has the data type <em>angle</em> <a
href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawarchive"><span id="anchor-3009"></span><span
id="anchor-1365"></span>draw:archive</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:archive</em> attribute is equivalent to the archive
attribute of an &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. See. §13.4 of <a
href="#nref-html4">[HTML4]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:archive</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:archive</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawborder"><span id="anchor-3010"></span><span
id="anchor-2364"></span>draw:border</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:border</em> attribute specifies a percentage value that
is used to scale a border area which is filled by a solid color. </p>
<p>For linear, square, rectangle, radial and elliptical gradients the
start color is used. For axial gradients, the end color is used. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:border</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a> and <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:border</em> attribute has the data type <em>percent</em>
<a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-id"><span id="anchor-3011"></span><span
id="anchor-1236"></span>draw:caption-id</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-id</em> attribute establishes a relationship
between a drawing shape and its caption. It takes a value of type IDREF.
The value for the <em>draw:caption-id</em> attribute is the target ID
assigned to the <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a> element that contains the caption.</p>
<p>Note: When a caption is assigned to a drawing shape, an id shall be
assigned to the element containing the text used to caption a drawing
shape. Removing the caption should result in removing the
<em>draw:caption-id</em> attribute of the drawing shape that was being
captioned.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-id</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-id</em> attribute has the data type
<em>IDREF</em> <a href="#datatype-IDREF">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-point-x"><span id="anchor-3012"></span><span
id="anchor-1288"></span>draw:caption-point-x</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-point-x</em> attribute, along with
<em>draw:caption-point-y</em> specifies the position of a point that is
captioned. A set of lines is rendered to that point from the caption
area.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-point-x</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a> and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-point-x</em> attribute has the data type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-point-y"><span id="anchor-3013"></span><span
id="anchor-1289"></span>draw:caption-point-y</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-point-y</em> attribute, along with
<em>draw:caption-point-x</em> specifies the position of a point that is
captioned. A set of lines is rendered to that point from the caption
area.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-point-y</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a> and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-point-y</em> attribute has the data type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawchain-next-name"><span id="anchor-3014"></span><span
id="anchor-1345"></span>draw:chain-next-name</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:chain-next-name</em> attribute specifies a name that is
used to chain text boxes together for cases where the content of a text
box exceeds its capacity. The content flows into the next text box in
the chain. The value of this attribute is the name of the next text box
in the chain.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:chain-next-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:chain-next-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawclass-id"><span id="anchor-3015"></span><span
id="anchor-1363"></span>draw:class-id</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:class-id</em> attribute specifies the OLE class id of an
object.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:class-id</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:class-id</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawclass-names"><span id="anchor-3016"></span><span
id="anchor-1237"></span>draw:class-names</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:class-names</em> attribute specifies a
white-space-separated list of styles with the family value of graphic.
The referenced styles are applied in the order they are contained in the
list. </p>
<p>If both <em>draw:style-name</em> and <em>draw:class-names</em> are
present, the style referenced by the <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute
is applied before the styles referenced by the <em>draw:class-names</em>
attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:class-names</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>
and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:class-names</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRefs</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRefs">18.3.33</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcode"><span id="anchor-3017"></span><span
id="anchor-1366"></span>draw:code</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:code</em> attribute is equivalent to the code attribute
of an &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. See. §13.4 of <a
href="#nref-html4">[HTML4]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:code</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:code</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcolor"><span id="anchor-3018"></span><span
id="anchor-1510"></span>draw:color</h2>
<h3 id="general-63"><span id="anchor-3019"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:color</em> attribute specifies different colors
depending upon the element where it appears. </p>
<h3 id="drawhatch-1"><span id="anchor-3020"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:color_element-draw:hatch"></span>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:color</em> attribute specifies the color of hatch
lines.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:color</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-185">16.42.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:color</em> attribute has the data type <em>color</em> <a
href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationdim-1"><span id="anchor-3021"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:color_element-presentation:dim"></span>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:color</em> attribute specifies the color of that is used
to fill a shape when the shape is dimmed.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:color</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1489">10.8.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:color</em> attribute has the data type <em>color</em> <a
href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawconcave"><span id="anchor-3022"></span><span
id="anchor-1266"></span>draw:concave</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:concave</em> attribute specifies whether the basic model
of the polygon is a regular, convex polygon or a star-shaped
polygon.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:concave</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: The basic model of the polygon is a regular convex polygon,
where the number of corners is specified by the <em>draw:corners</em> <a
href="#anchor-1267">19.128</a> attribute. The basic model is scaled, so
that the bounding box of the polygon has the width and height as
specified in the <em>svg:width</em> <a href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>
and <em>svg:height</em> <a href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a> attributes of
the <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a> element.</li>
<li>true: The polygon is star-shaped. The <em>draw:sharpness</em> <a
href="#anchor-1268">19.211</a> attribute shall be specified in addition
to the <em>draw:concave</em> attribute.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:concave</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawconcentric-gradient-fill-allowed"><span
id="anchor-3023"></span><span
id="anchor-1433"></span>draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed</h2>
<p>The <code>draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed</code> attribute
specifies the rendering of a shape with a concentric gradient that uses
a custom shape path. </p>
<p>The defined values for the
<em>draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the rendering of a shape with a concentric gradient that does
not use a custom shape path. </li>
<li>true: the rendering of a shape with a concentric gradient that does
use a custom shape path. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed</em> attribute is
usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:concentric-gradient-fill-allowed</em> attribute has the
data type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcontrol-1"><span id="anchor-3024"></span><span
id="anchor-1292"></span>draw:control</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:control</em> attribute specifies a control within a form
that is linked to the control shape by its ID.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:control</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:control</em> attribute has the data type <em>IDREF</em>
<a href="#datatype-IDREF">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcopy-of"><span id="anchor-3025"></span><span
id="anchor-1334"></span>draw:copy-of</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:copy-of</em> attribute specifies that a frame displays
the contents of another frame. This does not effect style and position
information. The style and position information of the frame with the
<em>draw:copy-of</em> attribute is used to render the copied
contents.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Multiple frames can be set to display the exact same underlying
data: for instance for a company logo, that that is to appear somewhere
on every page, without being part of a header or footer.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>draw:copy-of</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:copy-of</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcorner-radius"><span id="anchor-3026"></span><span
id="anchor-1238"></span>draw:corner-radius</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:corner-radius</em> attribute specifies the radius of the
circle used to round off the corners of a caption
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em>, rectangle <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em>, or
a text-box <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:rx</em> <a href="#anchor-1244">19.554</a> and
<em>svg:ry</em> <a href="#anchor-1245">19.555</a> attributes can also be
used to round off the corners of a rectangle
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em>.</p>
<p>If <em>svg:rx</em> and/or <em>svg:ry</em> and draw:corner-radius
attributes are present on an element, the <em>svg:rx</em> and
<em>svg:ry</em> attributes control the rounding applied to the shape
defined by the element. If one or both of <em>svg:rx</em> and
<em>svg:ry</em> attributes are present, any <em>draw:corner-radius</em>
attribute is ignored. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:corner-radius</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a> and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:corner-radius</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcorners"><span id="anchor-3027"></span><span
id="anchor-1267"></span>draw:corners</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:corners</em> attribute specifies the number of corners
for a regular-polygon shape. If the <em>draw:concave</em> <a
href="#anchor-1266">19.123</a> attribute of the
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>
element has the value <em>false</em>, the value of the
<em>draw:corners</em> attribute specifies the number of corners of the
polygon. If the <em>draw:concave</em> attribute has the value true, the
polygon has twice as many corners as the value of the
<em>draw:corners</em> attribute. </p>
<p>Note: The drawing of polygons is further described at the
<em>draw:sharpness</em> <a href="#anchor-1268">19.211</a> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:corners</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:corners</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcx"><span id="anchor-3028"></span><span
id="anchor-2365"></span>draw:cx</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:cx</em> attribute, along with the <em>draw:cy</em> <a
href="#anchor-2366">19.130</a> attribute, specifies the center of the
geometry that is used for a gradient <a
href="#anchor-3029">19.218.2</a>, if the gradient style is ellipsoid,
radial, rectangular, or square.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:cx</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:cx</em> attribute has the data type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcy"><span id="anchor-3030"></span><span
id="anchor-2366"></span>draw:cy</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:cy</em> attribute, along with the <em>draw:cx <a
href="#anchor-2365">19.129</a></em> attribute, specifies the center of
the geometry that is used for a gradient, if the gradient <a
href="#anchor-3029">19.218.2</a> style is ellipsoid, radial,
rectangular, or square.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:cy</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:cy</em> attribute has the data type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawdata"><span id="anchor-3031"></span><span
id="anchor-1430"></span>draw:data</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:data</em> attribute specifies rendering-engine-specific
data for a custom shape. This attribute is only evaluated if a rendering
engine is specified by the <em>draw:engine</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:data</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:data</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawdisplay"><span id="anchor-3032"></span><span
id="anchor-1209"></span>draw:display</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:display</em> attribute specifies the visibility of
drawing objects contained in a layer for display or printing.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>always: drawing objects are visible on screen and in printed
output.</li>
<li>none: drawing objects are not visible on screen or in printed
output.</li>
<li>printer: drawing objects are visible in printed output but not on
screen.</li>
<li>screen: drawing objects are visible on screen but not in printed
output.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is always.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1206">10.2.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:display</em> attribute are always, screen,
printer or none.</p>
<h2 id="drawdisplay-name"><span id="anchor-3033"></span><span
id="anchor-2367"></span>draw:display-name</h2>
<h3 id="general-64"><span id="anchor-3034"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute specifies a name as it
should appear in the user interface. If this attribute is not present,
the display name is the same as the internal name.</p>
<h3 id="drawfill-image-1"><span id="anchor-3035"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:display-name_element-draw:fill-image"></span>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a fill
image.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawgradient-1"><span id="anchor-3036"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:display-name_element-draw:gradient"></span>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
gradient.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawhatch-2"><span id="anchor-3037"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:display-name_element-draw:hatch"></span>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
hatch style.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-185">16.42.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawmarker-1"><span id="anchor-3038"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:display-name_element-draw:marker"></span>&lt;draw:marker&gt;
</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
marker.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-186">16.42.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawopacity-1"><span id="anchor-3039"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:display-name_element-draw:opacity"></span>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute specifies the name of an
opacity gradient.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawstroke-dash-1"><span id="anchor-3040"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:display-name_element-draw:stroke-dash"></span>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a dash
style.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-188">16.42.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svglineargradient-1"><span id="anchor-3041"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:display-name_element-svg:linearGradient"></span>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
gradient. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svgradialgradient-1"><span id="anchor-3042"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:display-name_element-svg:radialGradient"></span>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
gradient. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:display-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawdistance"><span id="anchor-3043"></span><span
id="anchor-2386"></span>draw:distance</h2>
<h3 id="general-65"><span id="anchor-3044"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:distance</em> attribute specifies distances.</p>
<h3 id="drawhatch-3"><span id="anchor-3045"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:distance_element-draw:hatch"></span>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:distance</em> attribute specifies the distance between
two hatch lines. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:distance</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-185">16.42.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:distance</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawstroke-dash-2"><span id="anchor-3046"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:distance_element-draw:stroke-dash"></span>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:distance</em> attribute specifies the distance between
the dashes of a stroke. </p>
<p>The value of the attribute may be an absolute length or a percentage
value. Percentage values are relative to the width of the stroke as
defined by the <em>svg:stroke-width</em> attribute. <span
id="anchor-3047"></span><a href="#anchor-2714">20.410</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:distance</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-188">16.42.9</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:distance</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value
of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawdots1"><span id="anchor-3048"></span><span
id="anchor-2400"></span>draw:dots1</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:dots1</em> attribute specifies the number of dashes for
the first sequence in an alternating sequence of dots. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:dots1</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-188">16.42.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:dots1</em> attribute has the data type <em>integer</em>
<a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawdots1-length"><span id="anchor-3049"></span><span
id="anchor-2401"></span>draw:dots1-length</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:dots1-length</em> attributes specifies the length of the
dashes in the sequence specified by <em>draw:dots1</em>. </p>
<p>The value of the attribute may be an absolute length or a percentage
value. Percentage values are relative to the width of the stroke as
defined by the <em>svg:stroke-width</em> attribute. <a
href="#anchor-2714">20.410</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:dots1-length</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-188">16.42.9</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:dots1-length</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value
of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawdots2"><span id="anchor-3050"></span><span
id="anchor-2402"></span>draw:dots2</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:dots2</em> attribute specifies the number of dashes for
the second sequence in an alternating sequence of dots. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:dots2</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-188">16.42.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:dots2</em> attribute has the data type <em>integer</em>
<a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawdots2-length"><span id="anchor-3051"></span><span
id="anchor-2403"></span>draw:dots2-length</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:dots2-length</em> attributes specifies the length of the
dashes in the sequence specified by <em>draw:dots2</em>. </p>
<p>The value of the attribute may be an absolute length or a percentage
value. Percentage values relative to the width of the stroke as defined
by the <em>svg:stroke-width</em> attribute. <a
href="#anchor-2714">20.410</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:dots2-length</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-188">16.42.9</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:dots2-length</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value
of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawend"><span id="anchor-3052"></span><span
id="anchor-2390"></span>draw:end</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:end</em> attributes specifies the end value for the
<em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a> element,
which interpolates between the value of this attribute and
<em>draw:start</em>. The defined value range for the <em>draw:end</em>
attribute is 0% to 100%, where 0% is transparent and 100% is opaque.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawend-angle"><span id="anchor-3053"></span><span
id="anchor-1272"></span>draw:end-angle</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:end-angle</em> attribute specifies the end angle of an
arc, cut, or section for circles where the <em>draw:kind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1273">19.188</a> attribute value is arc, cut, or section.
</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-angle</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>
and <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-angle</em> attribute has the data type
<em>angle</em> <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawend-color"><span id="anchor-3054"></span><span
id="anchor-2368"></span>draw:end-color</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:end-color</em> attribute specifies the end value for the
<em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> element, which interpolates between the
value of this attribute and <em>draw:start-color <a
href="#anchor-2370">19.214</a></em>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-color</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawend-glue-point"><span id="anchor-3055"></span><span
id="anchor-1282"></span>draw:end-glue-point</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:end-glue-point</em> attribute identifies the glue point
in a shape where a connector ends by its number. See <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>. Glue point numbers are defined by the
<em>draw:id</em> attributes of the glue point elements
<em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em>. <a
href="#anchor-3056">19.187.2</a></p>
<p>If the connector is not connected to a shape, this attribute is
ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-glue-point</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-glue-point</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawend-intensity"><span id="anchor-3057"></span><span
id="anchor-2369"></span>draw:end-intensity</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:end-intensity</em> attribute specifies the intensity of
the gradient's end color as a percentage value. If it is not specified,
the color is used at 100% intensity. The defined value range for the
<em>draw:end-intensity</em> attribute is 0% to 100%, </p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-intensity</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-intensity</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawend-shape"><span id="anchor-3058"></span><span
id="anchor-1283"></span>draw:end-shape</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:end-shape</em> attribute specifies a drawing shape to
which the end of a connector is connected.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-shape</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-shape</em> attribute has the data type
<em>IDREF</em> <a href="#datatype-IDREF">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawenhanced-path"><span id="anchor-3059"></span><span
id="anchor-1434"></span>draw:enhanced-path</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:enhanced-path</em> attribute specifies a path that is
the outline of a shape. </p>
<p>The syntax of a value for a <em>draw:enhanced-path</em> attribute is
defined as:</p>
<ul>
<li>Commands are expressed as one character. </li>
<li>Commands are followed by parameters.</li>
<li>Commands and parameters are separated by white space characters.
Parameters may also be separated by comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA)
characters.</li>
<li>White space and commas may be eliminated if they are not necessary
to identify individual commands or parameters. </li>
<li>If a command is repeated multiple times, all repeated command
characters except the first one may be omitted.</li>
<li>The decimal delimiter is the ”.” (U+002E, FULL STOP) character.
</li>
</ul>
<p>A parameter in the value of a <em>draw:enhanced-path</em> attribute
may be:</p>
<ul>
<li>An integer value.</li>
<li>An integer value preceded by a “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) character.
Such a value is an index to a <em>draw:modifiers</em> <a
href="#anchor-1462">19.196</a> attribute on the element where the
<em>draw:enhanced-path</em> attribute appears. The corresponding
modifier value is used as a parameter value. </li>
<li>A floating-point value.</li>
<li>A formula name, preceded by a “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) character.
The result of the value of the <em>draw:formula</em> <a
href="#anchor-1232">19.171</a> attribute of the
<em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-draw:equation">10.2.5</a> child element of the
<em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> element on which the
<em>draw:enhanced-path</em> attribute appears is used as the parameter
value. </li>
</ul>
<p>The syntax used in Table for parameters is: </p>
<ul>
<li>(): grouping of parameters.</li>
<li>+: 1 or more of the given parameter(s) shall be present.</li>
</ul>
<p>The following commands are defined:</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 10 - Enhanced path commands</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Command</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Parameters</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>A</td>
<td>arcto</td>
<td>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x4 y4) +</td>
<td>(x1, y1) and (x2, y2) define the bounding box of an ellipse. A line
is then drawn from the current point to the start angle of the arc that
is specified by the radial vector of point (x3, y3) and then
counter-clockwise to the end-angle that is specified by point (x4,
y4).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>B</td>
<td>arc</td>
<td>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x4 y4) +</td>
<td>The same as the “A” command, except that an implied moveto to the
starting point is done.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C</td>
<td>curveto</td>
<td>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x y) +</td>
<td>Draws a cubic Bézier curve from the current point to (x,y) using
(x1,y1) as the control point at the beginning of the curve and (x2,y2)
as the control point at the end of the curve.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>F</td>
<td>nofill</td>
<td>(none)</td>
<td>Specifies that the current set of sub-paths will not be filled.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>L</td>
<td>lineto</td>
<td>(x y) +</td>
<td>Draws a line from the current point to (x, y). If followed by
multiple coordinate pairs, they are all interpreted as lineto.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M</td>
<td>moveto</td>
<td>(x y) +</td>
<td>Start a new sub-path at the given (x,y) coordinate. If a moveto is
followed by multiple pairs of coordinates, they are treated as
lineto.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>N</td>
<td>endpath</td>
<td>(none)</td>
<td>Ends the current set of sub-paths. The sub-paths will be filled by
using the “even-odd” filling rule. Other following subpaths will be
filled independently.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Q</td>
<td>quadratic­curveto</td>
<td>(x1 y1 x y)+</td>
<td>Draws a quadratic Bézier curve from the current point to (x, y)
using (x1, y1) as the control point. (x, y) becomes the new current
point at the end of the command.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>S</td>
<td>nostroke</td>
<td>(none)</td>
<td>Specifies that the current set of sub-paths will not be
stroked.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>T</td>
<td>angle­ellipseto</td>
<td>(x y wR hR t0 t1) +</td>
<td>Draws a segment of an ellipse. The ellipse is specified by the
center(x, y), the width 2*wR, the height 2*hR, and the start-angle t0 in
degrees and end-angle t1 in degrees. The segment is drawn
clockwise.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U</td>
<td>angle­ellipse</td>
<td>(x y wR hR t0 t1) +</td>
<td>The same as the “T” command, except that an implied moveto to the
starting point is done.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>V</td>
<td>clockwise­arc</td>
<td>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x y)+</td>
<td>The same as the “A” command, except that an implied moveto to the
starting point is done and the arc is drawn clockwise.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>W</td>
<td>clockwise­arcto</td>
<td>(x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 x y) +</td>
<td>The same as the “A” command except, that the arc is drawn
clockwise.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>X</td>
<td>elliptical­quatrantx</td>
<td>(x y) +</td>
<td>Draws a quarter ellipse, whose initial segment is tangential to the
x-axis from the current point to (x, y). For each additional quarter
ellipse command, the axis to which the segment is tangential to switches
from x to y and from y to x.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Y</td>
<td>elliptical­quadranty</td>
<td>(x y) +</td>
<td>Draws a quarter ellipse, whose initial segment is tangential to the
y-axis from the current point to (x, y). For each additional quarter
ellipse command, the axis to which the segment is tangential to switches
from y to x and from x to y </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Z</td>
<td>closepath</td>
<td>(none)</td>
<td>Close the current sub-path by drawing a straight line from the
current point to current sub-path's initial point.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note: The value of the <em>draw:enhanced-path</em> attribute is based
upon <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span> §8.3.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:enhanced-path</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:enhanced-path</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawengine"><span id="anchor-3060"></span><span
id="anchor-1431"></span>draw:engine</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:engine</em> attribute specifies the name of a specific
rendering engine that can be used to render a custom shape. </p>
<p>The value of the <em>draw:engine</em> attribute shall not influence
the geometry of a shape. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:engine</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:engine</em> attribute has the data type
<em>namespacedToken</em> <a
href="#datatype-namespacedToken">18.3.19</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawescape-direction"><span id="anchor-3061"></span><span
id="anchor-1301"></span>draw:escape-direction</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:escape-direction</em> attribute specifies the direction
in which a connection line leaves a drawing object if a connector
connects to a glue point. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:escape-direction</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: the connection line may leave in all four directions from a
drawing object.</li>
<li>down: the connection line leaves down from a drawing object.</li>
<li>horizontal: the connection line may leave to the left or to the
right of a drawing object.</li>
<li>left: the connection line leaves to the left of a drawing
object.</li>
<li>right: the connection line leaves to the right of a drawing
object.</li>
<li>up: the connection line leaves up from a drawing object.</li>
<li>vertical: the connection line may leave up or down from a drawing
object.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:escape-direction</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:escape-direction</em> attribute are auto,
left, right, up, down, horizontal or vertical.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion"><span id="anchor-3062"></span><span
id="anchor-1435"></span>draw:extrusion</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion</em> attribute specifies if an extrusion is
displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:extrusion</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: extrusion is not displayed.</li>
<li>true: extrusion is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-allowed"><span id="anchor-3063"></span><span
id="anchor-1436"></span>draw:extrusion-allowed</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-allowed</em> attribute specifies whether a
shape can be rendered as an extrusion object.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:extrusion-allowed</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: shape cannot be rendered as an extrusion object.</li>
<li>true: shape can be rendered as an extrusion object.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-allowed</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-allowed</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-brightness"><span id="anchor-3064"></span><span
id="anchor-1437"></span>draw:extrusion-brightness</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-brightness</em> attribute specifies the
brightness of a scene.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 33%.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-brightness</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-brightness</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-color"><span id="anchor-3065"></span><span
id="anchor-1438"></span>draw:extrusion-color</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-color</em> attribute specifies if an extrusion
color is used. The extrusion color is defined by the
<em>draw:secondary-fill-color</em> <a href="#anchor-2669">20.157</a>
attribute specified in a custom shape's graphic style.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:extrusion-color</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: extrusion color is not used.</li>
<li>true: extrusion color is used.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-depth"><span id="anchor-3066"></span><span
id="anchor-1439"></span>draw:extrusion-depth</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-depth</em> attribute specifies the depth of an
extrusion. It takes two white space separated values. The first value
specifies the depth of the extrusion in units, the second value
specifies the fraction of the extrusion that lies before a shape. The
second value shall be in the range [0,1]. A value of 0 is the
default.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 36pt 0.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-depth</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-depth</em> attribute has two white space
separated values. The first value is of type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>. The second value is of type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-diffusion"><span id="anchor-3067"></span><span
id="anchor-1440"></span>draw:extrusion-diffusion</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-diffusion</em> attribute specifies the amount
of diffusion reflected by a shape.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0%.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-diffusion</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-diffusion</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-first-light-direction"><span
id="anchor-3068"></span><span
id="anchor-1441"></span>draw:extrusion-first-light-direction</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-first-light-direction</em> attribute specifies
the direction of the first light.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is (5 0 1).</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-first-light-direction</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-first-light-direction</em> attribute has the
data type <em>vector3D</em> <a
href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-first-light-harsh"><span
id="anchor-3069"></span><span
id="anchor-1442"></span>draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh</em> attribute specifies if
the first light is harsh.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the light is not harsh. The means by which the light is
softened is implementation-defined.</li>
<li>true: the light is harsh. The light is an undiffused point
source.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-first-light-harsh</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-first-light-level"><span
id="anchor-3070"></span><span
id="anchor-1443"></span>draw:extrusion-first-light-level</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-first-light-level</em> attribute specifies the
intensity of the first light.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 66%.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-first-light-level</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-first-light-level</em> attribute has the data
type <em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-light-face"><span id="anchor-3071"></span><span
id="anchor-1444"></span>draw:extrusion-light-face</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-light-face</em> attribute specifies if the
front face of an extrusion responds to lighting changes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:extrusion-light-face</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: front face of extrusion does not respond to lighting
changes.</li>
<li>true: front face of extrusion responds to lighting changes.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-light-face</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-light-face</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-metal"><span id="anchor-3072"></span><span
id="anchor-1445"></span>draw:extrusion-metal</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-metal</em> attribute specifies the shading of
an extruded shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:extrusion-metal</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the specular color for the shading of an extruded shape is
white.</li>
<li>true: the specular color for the shading of an extruded shape is
gray (red green and blue values of 200) instead of white and 15% is
added to the specularity.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-metal</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-metal</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-number-of-line-segments"><span
id="anchor-3073"></span><span
id="anchor-1446"></span>draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments</em> attribute
specifies the number of line segments that should be used to display
curved surfaces.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 30.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments</em> attribute is
usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-number-of-line-segments</em> attribute has the
data type <em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-origin"><span id="anchor-3074"></span><span
id="anchor-1447"></span>draw:extrusion-origin</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-origin</em> attribute specifies the point of
origin of a shape within its bounding box in shape-size fractions. The
value of the <em>draw:extrusion-origin</em> attribute consists of two
parameters separated by white space.</p>
<p>The first parameter represents the horizontal origin of a shape. </p>
<p>The defined values for the first parameter of the
<em>draw:extrusion-origin</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>-0.5: represents the left side of the shape.</li>
<li>0: represents the center of the shape.</li>
<li>0.5: represents the right side of the shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The second parameter represents the vertical origin of a shape. </p>
<p>The defined values for the second parameter of the
<em>draw:extrusion-origin</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>-0.5: represents the top side of the shape.</li>
<li>0: represents the center of the shape.</li>
<li>0.5: represents the bottom side of the shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.5 -0.5.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-origin</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-origin</em> attribute has two white space
separated values. The first value is a value of type <em>double</em> <a
href="#anchor-294">18.2</a> in the range [-0.5,0.5]. The second value is
a value of type <em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a> in the
range [-0.5,0.5].</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-rotation-angle"><span
id="anchor-3075"></span><span
id="anchor-1448"></span>draw:extrusion-rotation-angle</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-rotation-angle</em> attribute specifies
rotation about an x-axis and y-axis. The values are separated by a white
space. The first angle specifies rotation on the x-axis and the second
angle specifies rotation on the y-axis. z-axis is specified by the
<em>draw:transform</em> <a href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a> attribute on
the <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>
element.</p>
<p>The order of the rotation is: z-axis, y-axis and then x-axis.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0 0.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-rotation-angle</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-rotation-angle</em> attribute has two white
space separated values. The first value is of type <em>angle</em> <a
href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>. The second value is of type
<em>angle</em> <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-rotation-center"><span
id="anchor-3076"></span><span
id="anchor-1449"></span>draw:extrusion-rotation-center</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-rotation-center</em> attribute specifies the
position of a rotation center in shape-size fractions. If the
<em>draw:extrusion-rotation-center</em> attribute is omitted, the
geometric center of the shape is used as the rotation center.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-rotation-center</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-rotation-center</em> attribute has the data
type <em>vector3D</em> <a href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-second-light-direction"><span
id="anchor-3077"></span><span
id="anchor-1450"></span>draw:extrusion-second-light-direction</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-second-light-direction</em> attribute
specifies the direction of the second light.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is (-5 0 1).</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-second-light-direction</em> attribute is
usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-second-light-direction</em> attribute has the
data type <em>vector3D</em> <a
href="#datatype-vector3D">18.3.40</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-second-light-harsh"><span
id="anchor-3078"></span><span
id="anchor-1451"></span>draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh</em> attribute specifies if
the second light is harsh.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the light is not harsh. The means by which the light is
softened is implementation-defined.</li>
<li>true: the light is harsh. The light is an undiffused point
source.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-second-light-harsh</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-second-light-level"><span
id="anchor-3079"></span><span
id="anchor-1452"></span>draw:extrusion-second-light-level</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-second-light-level</em> attribute specifies
the intensity of the second light.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 66%.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-second-light-level</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-second-light-level</em> attribute has the data
type <em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-shininess"><span id="anchor-3080"></span><span
id="anchor-1453"></span>draw:extrusion-shininess</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-shininess</em> attribute specifies the
reflectivity of a mirror.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 50%.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-shininess</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-shininess</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-skew"><span id="anchor-3081"></span><span
id="anchor-1454"></span>draw:extrusion-skew</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-skew</em> attribute specifies the skew amount
and skew angle of an extrusion. Skew settings are only applied if the
<em>dr3d:projection</em> <a href="#anchor-1396">19.102</a> attribute on
the same element has the value parallel.</p>
<p>The attribute value is a white space separated number and angle. The
first value defines the skew amount in percent, the second value defines
the skew angle.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 50 45.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-skew</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-skew</em> attribute has two white space
separated values. The first value is of type <em>double</em> <a
href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>. The second value is of type <em>angle</em>
<a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-specularity"><span id="anchor-3082"></span><span
id="anchor-1455"></span>draw:extrusion-specularity</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-specularity</em> attribute specifies the
specularity of an extrusion object.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0%.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-specularity</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-specularity</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawextrusion-viewpoint"><span id="anchor-3083"></span><span
id="anchor-1456"></span>draw:extrusion-viewpoint</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-viewpoint</em> attribute specifies the
viewpoint of an observer as a 3D point. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is (3.5cm -3.5cm 25cm).</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-viewpoint</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:extrusion-viewpoint</em> attribute has the data type
<em>point3D</em> <a href="#datatype-point3D">18.3.24</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfilter-name"><span id="anchor-3084"></span><span
id="anchor-1351"></span>draw:filter-name</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:filter-name</em> attribute specifies the
implementation-dependent filter name that has been used to load an image
into the document. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:filter-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:filter-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawformula"><span id="anchor-3085"></span><span
id="anchor-1232"></span>draw:formula</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:formula</em> attribute specifies an equation that should
be used to evaluate a value. </p>
<p>The value of a <em>draw:formula</em> attribute can have one of the
following parameters:</p>
<ul>
<li>A "?" (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a
formula name. The result of the <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> element's
<em>draw:formula</em> attribute whose <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a> attribute is the formula name used as the
value. </li>
<li>If ”$” (U +0024) precedes an integer value, the value is an index to
a <em>draw:modifiers</em> <a href="#anchor-1462">19.196</a> attribute.
The corresponding modifier value is used as value. </li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>formula::=additive_expression</p>
<p>identifier::= 'pi' | 'left' | 'top' | 'right' | 'bottom' |
'xstretch'</p>
<p> | 'ystretch' | 'hasstroke' | 'hasfill' | 'width' | 'height' |
'logwidth'</p>
<p> | 'logheight'</p>
<p>unary_function::= 'abs' | 'sqrt' | 'sin' | 'cos' | 'tan' | 'atan'</p>
<p>binary_function::= 'min' | 'max' | 'atan2'</p>
<p>ternary_function::= 'if'</p>
<p>basic_expression::= number</p>
<p> | identifier</p>
<p> | function_reference</p>
<p> | modifier_reference</p>
<p> | unary_function S* '(' S* additive_expression S* ')'</p>
<p> | binary_function S* '(' S* additive_expression S* ',' S*</p>
<p> additive_expression S* ')'</p>
<p> | ternary_function S* '(' S* additive_expression S* ',' S*</p>
<p> additive_expression S* ',' S* additive_expression S* ')'</p>
<p> | '(' S* additive_expression S* ')'</p>
<p>unary_expression::= '-' S* basic_expression | basic_expression</p>
<p>multiplicative_expression::= unary_expression ( ( S* '*' S*
unary_expression )</p>
<p> | ( S* '/' S* unary_expression ) )*</p>
<p>additive_expression::= multiplicative_expression</p>
<p> ( ( S* '+' S* multiplicative_expression )</p>
<p> | ( S* '-' S* multiplicative_expression ) )*</p>
<p>number::= sign? Integer | sign? Floating-point-constant</p>
<p>function_reference::= "?" name</p>
<p>modifier_reference::= "$" integer</p>
<p>floating-point-constant::= fractional-constant exponent? | integer
exponent</p>
<p>fractional-constant::= integer? '.' integer | integer '.'</p>
<p>exponent::= ( 'e' | 'E' ) sign? Integer</p>
<p>sign::= '+' | '-'</p>
<p>name::= [^#x20#x9]+</p>
<p>integer::= [0-9]+</p>
<p>S::= (#x20 | #x9)</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 11 - Enhanced geometry equation identifiers</p>
</div>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Identifier</td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bottom</td>
<td>The bottom position of the <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hasfill</td>
<td>If the shape has a fill style, a value of 1 is used. If the shape
has no fill style, a value of 0 is used. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hasstroke</td>
<td>If the shape has a line style, a value of 1 is used. If the shape
has no line style, a value of 0 is used. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>height</td>
<td>The height of the <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>left</td>
<td>The left position of the <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>logheight</td>
<td>The height in 1/100th mm as specified by the <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>logwidth</td>
<td>The width in 1/100th mm as specified by the <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a> attribute is used. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>right</td>
<td>The right position of the <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>top</td>
<td>The top position of the <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>width</td>
<td>The width of the <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>xstretch</td>
<td>The value of the <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1463">19.204</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ystretch</td>
<td>The value of the <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1464">19.205</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 12 - Functions Used in <em>draw:formula</em></p>
</div>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Function </td>
<td>Description</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>abs(n)</td>
<td>returns the absolute value of n</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sqrt(n)</td>
<td>returns the positive square root of n</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sin(n)</td>
<td>returns the trigonometric sine of n, where n is an angle specified
in radians</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cos(n)</td>
<td>returns the trigonometric cosine of n, where n is an angle specified
in radians</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tan(n)</td>
<td>returns the trigonometric tangent of n, where n is an angle
specified in radians</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>atan(n)</td>
<td>returns the arc tangent of n in radians </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>min(x,y)</td>
<td>returns the smaller of two values </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>max(x,y)</td>
<td>returns the greater of two values </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>atan2(y,x)</td>
<td>returns the angle in radians of the vector (x,y) with the x-axis
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>if(c,x,y)</td>
<td>conditional testing: if c is greater than zero then the result of
evaluating x is returned, otherwise the result of evaluating y is
returned. </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <em>draw:formula</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-draw:equation">10.2.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:formula</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawframe-name"><span id="anchor-3086"></span><span
id="anchor-1374"></span>draw:frame-name</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a frame.
The name of a frame can be used as a target by hyperlinks.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawglue-point-leaving-directions"><span
id="anchor-3087"></span><span
id="anchor-1457"></span>draw:glue-point-leaving-directions</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:glue-point-leaving-directions</em> attribute specifies a
comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of angles. The angles are
listed in the same order as the glue points specified in the
<em>draw:glue-points</em> attribute. <a
href="#anchor-1459">19.175</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:glue-point-leaving-directions</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:glue-point-leaving-directions</em> attribute has the
data type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawglue-point-type"><span id="anchor-3088"></span><span
id="anchor-1458"></span>draw:glue-point-type</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:glue-point-type</em> attribute specifies a glue point
type. If the <em>draw:glue-points <a href="#anchor-1459">19.175</a></em>
attribute has a value, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:glue-point-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>none: there are no glue points, including default glue points.</li>
<li>rectangle: the middle of each side of the shape bound rectangle
specifies an object specific glue point</li>
<li>segments: a connector will connect with each point of the
<em>draw:enhanced-path</em> <a href="#anchor-1434">19.145</a>
attribute.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:glue-point-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:glue-point-type</em> attribute are none,
segments or rectangle.</p>
<h2 id="drawglue-points"><span id="anchor-3089"></span><span
id="anchor-1459"></span>draw:glue-points</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:glue-points</em> attribute specifies a list of
object-defined glue points. Unlike the user-defined glue points which
are defined by the <em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> sub-element, the
position of an object-defined glue point can be defined using equations
and modifiers.</p>
<p>The first parameter specifies the horizontal position of the glue
point.</p>
<p>The second parameter specifies the vertical position of the glue
point.</p>
<p>Each parameter can be a floating-point number, or it can also have
one of the following enhancements:</p>
<ul>
<li>A “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a
formula name. The result of the <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> element's
<em>draw:formula</em> attribute whose <em>draw:name</em> attribute is
the formula name that is used as the value. </li>
<li>If “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) precedes an integer value, the value is
an index to a <em>draw:modifiers</em> attribute. The corresponding
modifier value is used as parameter value.</li>
</ul>
<p>The value of a <em>draw:glue-points</em> attribute is formally
defined as:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>gluepoints::= gluepointsequence?<br />
gluepointsequence::= gluepoint ( ' '+ gluepointsequence )*<br />
glue-point::= position ' '+ position<br />
position::= formula | modifier | number<br />
formula::= '?' name<br />
modifier::= '$' integer<br />
number::= sign? float | sign? integer<br />
float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent<br />
fractional::= integer? '.' integer | integer '.'<br />
exponent::= ( 'e' | 'E' ) sign? integer<br />
sign::= '+'| '-'<br />
integer::= [0-9]+<br />
name ::= [^ ]+ </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>draw:glue-points</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:glue-points</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-mirror-horizontal"><span
id="anchor-3090"></span><span
id="anchor-1474"></span>draw:handle-mirror-horizontal</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-mirror-horizontal</em> attribute specifies if the
y position of a handle is mirrored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:handle-mirror-horizontal</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the y position of a handle is not mirrored.</li>
<li>true: the y position of a handle is mirrored.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-mirror-horizontal</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-mirror-horizontal</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-mirror-vertical"><span id="anchor-3091"></span><span
id="anchor-1475"></span>draw:handle-mirror-vertical</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-mirror-vertical</em> attribute specifies if the x
position of a handle is mirrored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:handle-mirror-vertical</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the x position of a handle is not mirrored.</li>
<li>true: the x position of a handle is mirrored.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-mirror-vertical</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-mirror-vertical</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-polar"><span id="anchor-3092"></span><span
id="anchor-1476"></span>draw:handle-polar</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-polar</em> attribute specifies that a handle is a
polar handle. The syntax for this attribute is the same as for the
<em>draw:handle-position</em> <a href="#anchor-1477">19.179</a>
attribute. The first parameter specifies the horizontal center position,
the vertical center position is specified by the second parameter. If
this attribute is set, the <em>draw:handle-range-x-minimum <a
href="#anchor-1481">19.183</a></em>, <em>draw:handle-range-x-maximum <a
href="#anchor-1480">19.182</a></em>,
<em>draw:handle-range-y-minimum</em> <a href="#anchor-1483">19.185</a>
and <em>draw:handle-range-y-maximum</em> <a
href="#anchor-1482">19.184</a> attributes are ignored, and the
<em>draw:handle-radius-range-minimum</em> <a
href="#anchor-1479">19.181</a> and
<em>draw:handle-radius-range-maximum</em> <a
href="#anchor-1478">19.180</a> attributes are used.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-polar</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-polar</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-position"><span id="anchor-3093"></span><span
id="anchor-1477"></span>draw:handle-position</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute specifies the position of
a handle and consists of two values.</p>
<p>Each value can be a floating-point number or it can have one of the
following enhancements:</p>
<ul>
<li>A “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a
formula name. The result of the <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-draw:equation">10.2.5</a> element's <em>draw:formula</em>
<a href="#anchor-1232">19.171</a> attribute whose <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-3094">19.197.8</a> attribute is the formula name that is
used as the value. </li>
<li>If “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) precedes an integer value, the value is
an index to a <em>draw:modifiers</em> <a href="#anchor-1462">19.196</a>
attribute. The corresponding modifier value is used as parameter
value.</li>
<li>Instead of a number a value can also be one of the following
constants:</li>
</ul>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 13 - Handle position constants</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Constant</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>bottom</td>
<td><span id="anchor-3095"></span>The bottom coordinate of the view box
as specified by the <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hasfill</td>
<td>If the shape has a fill style, a value of 1 is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hasstroke</td>
<td>If the shape has a line style, a value of 1 is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>height</td>
<td>The view box height as specified by the <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>logheight</td>
<td>The height in 1/100th mm as specified by the <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a> attribute is used. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>logwidth</td>
<td>The width in 1/100th mm as specified by the <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a> attribute is used. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>left</td>
<td>The left coordinate of the view box as specified by the
<em>svg:viewBox</em> <a href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is
used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>right</td>
<td>The right coordinate of the view box as specified by the
<em>svg:viewBox</em> <a href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is
used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>top</td>
<td>The top coordinate of the view box as specified by the
<em>svg:viewBox</em> <a href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is
used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>width</td>
<td>The view box width as specified by the <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>xstretch</td>
<td>The value of the <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</em> <a
href="#anchor-1463">19.204</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ystretch</td>
<td>The value of the <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1464">19.205</a> attribute is used.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the <em>draw:handle-polar</em> <a href="#anchor-1476">19.178</a>
attribute is not set, the first parameter of the
<em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute specifies the horizontal handle
position, the vertical handle position is described by the second
parameter. If the <em>draw:handle-polar</em> attribute is set, then a
handle is a polar handle and the first parameter of the
<em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute specifies the angle (as defined
in <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>), the handle radius is specified
by the second parameter.</p>
<p>The value of a <em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute is formally
defined as:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>handleposition ::= position ' '+ position<br />
position::= formula | modifier | constant | number<br />
formula::= '?' name<br />
modifier::= '$' integer<br />
constant::= 'left' | 'top' | 'right' | 'bottom' |<br />
'xstretch' | 'ystretch' | 'hasstroke' | 'hasfill ' |<br />
'width' | 'height' | 'logwidth' | 'logheight'<br />
number::=sign? float | sign? integer<br />
float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent<br />
fractional::= integer? '.' integer | integer '.'<br />
exponent::= ( 'e' | 'E' ) sign? integer<br />
sign::= '+'| '-'<br />
integer::= [0-9]+<br />
name ::= [^ ]+ </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-radius-range-maximum"><span
id="anchor-3096"></span><span
id="anchor-1478"></span>draw:handle-radius-range-maximum</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-radius-range-maximum</em> attribute specifies the
maximum radius range for a polar handle. The syntax for the value of the
<em>draw:handle-radius-range-maximum</em> attribute is the same as the
<em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute, except that only the first
parameter is used. <a href="#anchor-1477">19.179</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-radius-range-maximum</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-radius-range-maximum</em> attribute has the data
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-radius-range-minimum"><span
id="anchor-3097"></span><span
id="anchor-1479"></span>draw:handle-radius-range-minimum</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-radius-range-minimum</em> attribute specifies the
minimum radius range for a polar handle. The syntax for the value of the
<em>draw:handle-radius-range-minimum</em> attribute is the same as the
<em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute, except that only the first
parameter is used. <a href="#anchor-1477">19.179</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-radius-range-minimum</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-radius-range-minimum</em> attribute has the data
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-range-x-maximum"><span id="anchor-3098"></span><span
id="anchor-1480"></span>draw:handle-range-x-maximum</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-x-maximum</em> attribute specifies the
horizontal maximum value of the range for movement of a handle. The
syntax for the value of the <em>draw:handle-range-x-maximum</em>
attribute is the same as the <em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute,
except that only the first parameter is used. <a
href="#anchor-1477">19.179</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-x-maximum</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-x-maximum</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-range-x-minimum"><span id="anchor-3099"></span><span
id="anchor-1481"></span>draw:handle-range-x-minimum</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-x-minimum</em> attribute specifies the
horizontal minimum value of the range of movement of a handle. The
syntax for the value of the <em>draw:handle-range-x-minimum</em>
attribute is the same as the <em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute,
except that only the first parameter is used. <a
href="#anchor-1477">19.179</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-x-minimum</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-x-minimum</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-range-y-maximum"><span id="anchor-3100"></span><span
id="anchor-1482"></span>draw:handle-range-y-maximum</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-y-maximum</em> attribute specifies the
vertical maximum value of the range for movement of a handle. The syntax
for the value of the <em>draw:handle-range-y-maximum</em> attribute is
the same as the <em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute, except that
only the first parameter is used. <a href="#anchor-1477">19.179</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-y-maximum</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-y-maximum</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-range-y-minimum"><span id="anchor-3101"></span><span
id="anchor-1483"></span>draw:handle-range-y-minimum</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-y-minimum</em> attribute specifies the
vertical minimum value of the range of movement of a handle. The syntax
for the value of the <em>draw:handle-range-y-minimum</em> attribute is
the same as the <em>draw:handle-position</em> attribute, except that
only the first parameter is used. <a href="#anchor-1477">19.179</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-y-minimum</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-range-y-minimum</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawhandle-switched"><span id="anchor-3102"></span><span
id="anchor-1484"></span>draw:handle-switched</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-switched</em> attribute specifies if handle
directions are swapped if shape height exceeds shape width.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:handle-switched</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: handle directions are not switched when a shape's height
exceeds its width.</li>
<li>true: handle directions are switched when a shape's height exceeds
it width.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-switched</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:handle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1472">10.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:handle-switched</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawid"><span id="anchor-3103"></span><span
id="anchor-1215"></span>draw:id</h2>
<h3 id="general-66"><span id="anchor-3104"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:id</em> attribute specifies an identifier for an
element.</p>
<h3 id="drawglue-point-1"><span id="anchor-3105"></span><span
id="anchor-3056"></span>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:id</em> attribute specifies an identifier for a glue
point. See <a href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>. The identifiers 0 to 3
are reserved for the four standard glue points of drawing objects. The
glue points are numbered clockwise, starting at the top left corner edge
of the shape.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:id</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3
id="dr3dcube-dr3dextrude-dr3drotate-dr3dscene-dr3dsphere-drawcaption-drawcircle-drawconnector-drawcontrol-drawcustom-shape-drawellipse-drawframe-drawg-drawline-drawmeasure-drawpage-drawpage-thumbnail-drawpath-drawpolygon-drawpolyline-drawrect-drawregular-polygon-and-officeannotation-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-3106"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:g"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-dr3d:rotate"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:path"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:polygon"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-dr3d:extrude"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:ellipse"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:polyline"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:control"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:line"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-office:annotation"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:regular-polygon"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:custom-shape"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:page-thumbnail"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:page"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:frame"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-dr3d:cube"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-dr3d:sphere"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-dr3d:scene"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:rect"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:connector"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:caption"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:circle"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:id_element-draw:measure"></span>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;,
&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;, &lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;, &lt;dr3d:scene&gt;,
&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;, &lt;draw:caption&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;,
&lt;draw:connector&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;, &lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;,
&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:g&gt;,
&lt;draw:line&gt;, &lt;draw:measure&gt;, &lt;draw:page&gt;,
&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;,
&lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;
and &lt;office:annotation&gt; Deprecated</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:id</em> attribute specifies identifiers for draw
elements.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a <em>draw:id</em> attribute if
it occurs on a draw element with an <em>xml:id</em> attribute value.
</p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write <em>draw:id</em> attributes for any
draw element in addition to an <em>xml:id</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The value of a <em>draw:id</em> attribute shall equal the value of an
<em>xml:id</em> attribute on the same element. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:id</em> attribute is deprecated in favor of
<em>xml:id</em>. <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a></p>
<p>The <em>draw:id</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>
and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>NCName</em> <a
href="#datatype-NCName">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawkind"><span id="anchor-3107"></span><span
id="anchor-1273"></span>draw:kind</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:kind</em> attribute specifies the appearance of a
circle.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:kind</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>arc: specifies a circle or ellipse arc, like <img
src="Pictures/10000FC7000001F7000001F7A049C74D145DBBED.svg"
style="width:0.503cm;height:0.503cm" alt=" " />.</li>
<li>cut: specifies a circle or ellipse with a cut, like <img
src="Pictures/10001194000001F7000001F79CAB4F1BFF022869.svg"
style="width:0.503cm;height:0.503cm" alt=" " />.</li>
<li>full: specifies a full circle or ellipse, like <img
src="Pictures/100011C3000001F8000001F8F788A324E5BAF633.svg"
style="width:0.504cm;height:0.504cm" alt=" " />.</li>
<li>section: specifies a section of a circle or ellipse, like <img
src="Pictures/1000172B000001F7000001F7451C3DCC3A3A2ED6.svg"
style="width:0.503cm;height:0.503cm" alt=" " />.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is full.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:kind</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>
and <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:kind</em> attribute are full, section, cut
or arc.</p>
<h2 id="drawlayer-1"><span id="anchor-3108"></span><span
id="anchor-1208"></span>draw:layer</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:layer</em> attribute specifies the name of a layer in
the layer-set of a document. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The effect of this attribute is to assign a shape to a
particular layer.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>draw:layer</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>
and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:layer</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawline-skew"><span id="anchor-3109"></span><span
id="anchor-1281"></span>draw:line-skew</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:line-skew</em> attribute specifies a list of offsets for
the placements of connector lines if the connector is of type standard.
The offsets are relative to the default position of the connector, that
is, the position of the lines if the <em>draw:line-skew</em> attribute
is not present. The offsets are applied in the order from the
connector's start to its end shape. The first offset is applied to the
line that follows the line that is connected to the start shape. The
last line to which an offset is applied is the line that precedes the
line that is connected to the end shape.</p>
<p>For the application of the offsets the connector lines are
interpreted as vectors from their start to their end point. Positive
values move a line to the right, while negative values move it to the
left. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:line-skew</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:line-skew</em> attribute are one, two or
three white space separated values of type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmime-type"><span id="anchor-3110"></span><span
id="anchor-1352"></span>draw:mime-type</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:mime-type</em> attribute specifies the MIME type of the
media type that a plugin processes, or the MIME type of the image given
by a <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> element. Valid values for this
attribute are those defined in accordance with §3.7 of <a
href="#nref-rfc2616">[RFC2616]</a>, or registered in accordance with <a
href="#nref-rfc6838">[RFC6838]</a>. </p>
<p>Note: Additional information on MIME media types can be found at <a
href="#nref-mimetypes">[MIMETYPES]</a>. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:mime-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>
and <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:mime-type</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmirror-horizontal"><span id="anchor-3111"></span><span
id="anchor-1460"></span>draw:mirror-horizontal</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:mirror-horizontal</em> attribute specifies if the
horizontal geometry of a shape is to be mirrored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:mirror-horizontal</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: horizontal geometry of a shape is not mirrored.</li>
<li>true: horizontal geometry of a shape is mirrored.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:mirror-horizontal</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:mirror-horizontal</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmirror-vertical"><span id="anchor-3112"></span><span
id="anchor-1461"></span>draw:mirror-vertical</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:mirror-vertical</em> attribute specifies if the vertical
geometry of a shape is to be mirrored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:mirror-vertical</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: vertical geometry of a shape is not mirrored.</li>
<li>true: vertical geometry of a shape is mirrored.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:mirror-vertical</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:mirror-vertical</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmaster-page-name"><span id="anchor-3113"></span><span
id="anchor-1216"></span>draw:master-page-name</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:master-page-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
master page assigned to a drawing page.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:master-page-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:master-page-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmay-script"><span id="anchor-3114"></span><span
id="anchor-1367"></span>draw:may-script</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:may-script</em> attribute specifies whether an applet
can be modified by scripts. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:may-script</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: applet cannot be modified by scripts.</li>
<li>true: applet can be modified by scripts.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:may-script</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:may-script</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmodifiers"><span id="anchor-3115"></span><span
id="anchor-1462"></span>draw:modifiers</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:modifiers</em> attribute contains list of modifier
values. </p>
<p>The value of a <em>draw:modifiers</em> attribute is formally defined
as:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>modifiers::= numbersequence?<br />
numbersequence::= number ( ' '+ numbersequence )*<br />
number::= sign? float | sign? integer<br />
float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent<br />
fractional::= integer? '.' integer | integer '.'<br />
exponent::= ( 'e' | 'E' ) sign? integer<br />
sign::= '+'| '-'<br />
integer::= [0-9]+ </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>draw:modifiers</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:modifiers</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawname"><span id="anchor-3116"></span><span
id="anchor-1210"></span>draw:name</h2>
<h3 id="general-67"><span id="anchor-3117"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies names that are used for
referencing graphical elements. </p>
<h3 id="drawcaption-1"><span id="anchor-3118"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:caption"></span>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcircle-1"><span id="anchor-3119"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:circle"></span>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawconnector-1"><span id="anchor-3120"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:connector"></span>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcontrol-2"><span id="anchor-3121"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:control"></span>&lt;draw:control&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcustom-shape-1"><span id="anchor-3122"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:custom-shape"></span>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawellipse-1"><span id="anchor-3123"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:ellipse"></span>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawequation-1"><span id="anchor-3124"></span><span
id="anchor-3094"></span>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-draw:equation">10.2.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawfill-image-2"><span id="anchor-3125"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:fill-image"></span>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>styleName</em>
<a href="#datatype-styleName">18.3.31</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawframe-1"><span id="anchor-3126"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:frame"></span>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawg-1"><span id="anchor-3127"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:g"></span>&lt;draw:g&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawgradient-2"><span id="anchor-3128"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:gradient"></span>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>styleName</em>
<a href="#datatype-styleName">18.3.31</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawhatch-4"><span id="anchor-3129"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:hatch"></span>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-185">16.42.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>styleName</em>
<a href="#datatype-styleName">18.3.31</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawlayer-2"><span id="anchor-3130"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:layer"></span>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1206">10.2.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawline-1"><span id="anchor-3131"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:line"></span>&lt;draw:line&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawmarker-2"><span id="anchor-3132"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:marker"></span>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-186">16.42.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>styleName</em>
<a href="#datatype-styleName">18.3.31</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawmeasure-1"><span id="anchor-3133"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:measure"></span>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawopacity-2"><span id="anchor-3134"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:opacity"></span>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>styleName</em>
<a href="#datatype-styleName">18.3.31</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpage-1"><span id="anchor-3135"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:page"></span>&lt;draw:page&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element can be referenced. The name shall be
unique within the document instance. If the attribute is not present, a
consumer may generate a unique name. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpage-thumbnail-1"><span id="anchor-3136"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:page-thumbnail"></span>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawparam-1"><span id="anchor-3137"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:param"></span>&lt;draw:param&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a run-time
parameter. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:param&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1369">10.4.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpath-1"><span id="anchor-3138"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:path"></span>&lt;draw:path&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpolygon-1"><span id="anchor-3139"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:polygon"></span>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpolyline-1"><span id="anchor-3140"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:polyline"></span>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawrect-1"><span id="anchor-3141"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:rect"></span>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawregular-polygon-1"><span id="anchor-3142"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:regular-polygon"></span>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawstroke-dash-3"><span id="anchor-3143"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-draw:stroke-dash"></span>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-188">16.42.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>styleName</em>
<a href="#datatype-styleName">18.3.31</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officeannotation-deprecated"><span id="anchor-3144"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-office:annotation"></span>&lt;office:annotation&gt;
(deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name for an
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has been deprecated in favor of the
<em>office:name</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svglineargradient-2"><span id="anchor-3145"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-svg:linearGradient"></span>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>SVG gradients are referenced by the name assigned to them by use of
the <em>draw:fill-gradient-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2638">20.120</a>
attribute within a graphic style. SVG gradients cannot be referenced by
a <em>draw:opacity-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2665">20.153</a>
attribute. The result of referencing a SVG gradient with a
<em>draw:fill-gradient-name</em> attribute and an opacity gradient with
a <em>draw:opacity-name</em> attribute at the same time is
unspecified.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>styleName</em>
<a href="#datatype-styleName">18.3.31</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svgradialgradient-2"><span id="anchor-3146"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:name_element-svg:radialGradient"></span>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
<em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> element can be referenced. </p>
<p>SVG gradients are referenced by the name assigned to them by use of
the <em>draw:fill-gradient-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2638">20.120</a>
attribute within a graphic style. SVG gradients cannot be referenced by
a <em>draw:opacity-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2665">20.153</a>
attribute. The result of referencing a SVG gradient with a
<em>draw:fill-gradient-name</em> attribute and an opacity gradient with
a <em>draw:opacity-name</em> attribute at the same time is
unspecified.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>styleName</em>
<a href="#datatype-styleName">18.3.31</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawnav-order"><span id="anchor-3147"></span><span
id="anchor-1217"></span>draw:nav-order</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:nav-order</em> attribute defines a navigation sequence
for the graphical elements included in a <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em>
element. Its value is a sequence of IDREFs. It shall include all graphic
elements in the page that are not contained within a
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> element. Any <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> elements
are included in that list as a single graphical element. </p>
<p>The value of this attribute is the ordering of graphics as set by the
document author.</p>
<p>Note: The ordering within any <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a> element is set by the value of its
<em>draw:z-index</em> <a href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:nav-order</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:nav-order</em> attribute has the data type
<em>IDREFS</em> <a href="#datatype-IDREFS">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawnohref"><span id="anchor-3148"></span><span
id="anchor-1386"></span>draw:nohref</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:nohref</em> attribute specifies that an image map
element and its associated area are inactive.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:nohref</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The only value of the <em>draw:nohref</em> attribute is nohref.</p>
<h2 id="drawnotify-on-update-of-ranges"><span
id="anchor-3149"></span><span
id="anchor-1361"></span>draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges</em> attribute specifies that
a <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> will be notified if content within a
given ranges changes. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>a list of cell ranges.</li>
<li>a table name.</li>
</ul>
<p>If a table name is specified, the <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em>
element is notified if any of the table's cells change. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:notify-on-update-of-ranges</em> attribute
are a value of type <em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a> or a value of type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawobject-1"><span id="anchor-3150"></span><span
id="anchor-1368"></span>draw:object</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:object</em> attribute is equivalent to the object
attribute of an &lt;applet&gt; element in HTML. See. §13.4 of <a
href="#nref-html4">[HTML4]</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:object</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:object</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawopacity-3"><span id="anchor-3151"></span><span
id="anchor-2466"></span>draw:opacity</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:opacity</em> attribute specifies the opacity for an
image or graphic object. The defined value range for the
<em>draw:opacity</em> attribute is 0% to 100%, where 0% is fully
transparent and 100% is fully opaque.</p>
<p>Use of the <em>draw:opacity</em> attribute disables any transparency
effect and set the opacity for the fill area of a graphic object.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:opacity</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:opacity</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawpage-number"><span id="anchor-3152"></span><span
id="anchor-1294"></span>draw:page-number</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:page-number</em> attribute specifies the number of a
page that is displayed as a thumbnail. For thumbnails on notes pages,
the value of this attribute is fixed to the drawing page of a notes
page. For thumbnails on handout master pages, the value of this
attribute is the order in which the pages are previewed on the
handout.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:page-number</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:page-number</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawpath-stretchpoint-x"><span id="anchor-3153"></span><span
id="anchor-1463"></span>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</em> attribute specifies that a
drawing shape is stretched horizontally. </p>
<p>If specified, and if the x/y aspect ratio of the <em>svg:viewBox</em>
<a href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> is lower than the x/y aspect ratio of
the shape size then the whole path is stretched horizontally at
<em>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</em>. </p>
<p>Stretching is done by:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>intersecting the path vertically at
<em>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</em>.</li>
<li>moving the right path fragments to the right border of the drawing
shape, using its original aspect ratio. The left path fragment remains
unmodified at the left border of drawing the shape </li>
</ol>
<p>The <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-x</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawpath-stretchpoint-y"><span id="anchor-3154"></span><span
id="anchor-1464"></span>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</em> attribute specifies that a
drawing shape is stretched vertically. If the x/y aspect ratio of the
<em>svg:viewBox</em> <a href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> is greater than
the x/y aspect ratio of the shape size then the whole path is stretched
vertically at <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</em>. </p>
<p>Stretching is done by: </p>
<ol type="1">
<li>intersecting the path horizontally at
<em>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</em>. </li>
<li>moving the bottom path fragments to the bottom border of the drawing
shape, using its original aspect ratio. </li>
</ol>
<p>The top path fragment remains unmodified at the top border of drawing
the shape </p>
<p>The <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:path-stretchpoint-y</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawpoints"><span id="anchor-3155"></span><span
id="anchor-1262"></span>draw:points</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:points</em> attribute stores a sequence of points, which
are connected by straight lines. Each point consists of two coordinates.
The coordinates are separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) and the
points are separated by white spaces. The coordinates are relative to
the coordinate system established by the <em>svg:viewBox</em> <a
href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:points</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1339">10.4.11.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a> and <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:points</em> attribute has the data type <em>points</em>
<a href="#datatype-points">18.3.25</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawprotected"><span id="anchor-3156"></span><span
id="anchor-1211"></span>draw:protected</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:protected</em> attribute specifies if drawing objects in
a layer are protected from modification.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:protected</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: objects in a layer are not protected from modification.</li>
<li>true: objects in a layer are protected from modification.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:protected</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:layer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1206">10.2.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:protected</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawrecreate-on-edit"><span id="anchor-3157"></span><span
id="anchor-1378"></span>draw:recreate-on-edit</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:recreate-on-edit</em> attribute specifies if the contour
of an image or object should be recreated automatically when the image
or object is edited.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:recreate-on-edit</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the contour of an image or object is not recreated
automatically if the image or object is edited.</li>
<li>true: the contour of an image or object is recreated automatically
if the image or object is edited.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:recreate-on-edit</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1338">10.4.11.3</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1339">10.4.11.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:recreate-on-edit</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawrotation"><span id="anchor-3158"></span><span
id="anchor-2387"></span>draw:rotation</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:rotation</em> attribute specifies the rotation angle of
a hatch axis. The direction is clockwise, 0 degrees is the vertical
axis. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:rotation</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-185">16.42.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:rotation</em> attribute has the data type <em>angle</em>
<a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawshape-id"><span id="anchor-3159"></span><span
id="anchor-1499"></span>draw:shape-id</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:shape-id</em> attribute identifies the shape to which an
effect defined by a presentation shape effect element is applied.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:shape-id</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;presentation:dim&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1489">10.8.7</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1490">10.8.5</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1491">10.8.6</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1492">10.8.8</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1493">10.8.3</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1494">10.8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:shape-id</em> attribute has the data type <em>IDREF</em>
<a href="#datatype-IDREF">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawsharpness"><span id="anchor-3160"></span><span
id="anchor-1268"></span>draw:sharpness</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:sharpness</em> attribute is only evaluated for a
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>
element that has the attribute <em>draw:concave="true".</em> In this
case, the outline of the drawing object is based on a basic model of a
star-shaped polygon, where the corner points are alternately located on
two concentric circles, a primary and a secondary circle. The number of
points in the number as specified with the <em>draw:corners</em> <a
href="#anchor-1267">19.128</a> attribute are evenly distributed on the
primary circle. Let <em>M</em> be the center of the circle, and let
<em>P</em> and <em>Q</em> be two adjacent points on the primary circle,
and <em>R</em> the center of the shorter of the two arcs <em>PQ</em>.
Now find the point <em>T</em> with <span
class="math display">$$\overrightarrow{\mathit{MT}} =
{\overrightarrow{\mathit{MR}} \cdot {({{1 - s}\text{\%}})}}$$</span> on
the connecting line of points M and R, where <span
class="math display"><em>s</em>%</span> is the value of the
<em>draw:sharpness</em> attribute. The radius of the secondary circle is
such that T lies on this secondary circle. The points <em>P</em> and
<em>T</em> and the points <em>T</em> and <em>Q</em> are then connected
by straight sections. With an odd value of <em>draw:corners</em> the
first corner point is located at top of the primary circle, with an even
value at top of the secondary circle.</p>
<p>Note: The drawing object has twice as many corners points in all as
specified in the attribute <em>draw:corners</em>.</p>
<p>The value <span class="math display"><em>s</em>%</span> of the
<em>draw:sharpness</em> attribute is a percent value. The special case
0% means that primary and secondary circle are identical. The special
case 100% means that the secondary circle degenerates to a point, the
center point of the polygon. The value of the <em>draw:sharpness</em>
attribute may be negative and may be greater than 100%. Note that for
small absolute value of the <em>draw:sharpness</em> attribute, the
described polygon is in fact convex.</p>
<p>The basic model is scaled—thereby the circle might become an ellipse,
so that the bounding box of the polygon has the width and height as
specified in the <em>svg:width</em> <a href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>
and <em>svg:height</em> <a href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a> attributes of
the <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p><img src="Pictures/1006279400001F3600001770DC82F2733AE65C54.wmf"
style="width:5.99cm;height:4.5cm" alt=" " />Note: Because of intercept
theorems the equation <span
class="math display">$$\overrightarrow{\mathit{MT}} =
{\overrightarrow{\mathit{MR}} \cdot \left( {{1 - s}\text{\%}}
\right)}$$</span> is valid for the scaled outline too.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:sharpness</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:sharpness</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstart"><span id="anchor-3161"></span><span
id="anchor-2391"></span>draw:start</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:start</em> attribute specifies the start value for the
<em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> element, which interpolates between the
value of this attribute and <em>draw:end <a
href="#anchor-2390">19.139</a></em>. The defined value range for the
<em>draw:start</em> attribute is 0% to 100%, where 0% is transparent and
100% is opaque.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstart-angle"><span id="anchor-3162"></span><span
id="anchor-1274"></span>draw:start-angle</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:start-angle</em> attribute specifies the start angle of
a section, cut, or arc for circles where the <em>draw:kind</em> <a
href="#anchor-1273">19.188</a> attribute value is section, cut or arc.
</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-angle</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>
and <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-angle</em> attribute has the data type
<em>angle</em> <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstart-color"><span id="anchor-3163"></span><span
id="anchor-2370"></span>draw:start-color</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:start-color</em> attributes specifies the start value
for the <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> element, which interpolates
between the value of this attribute and <em>draw:end-color <a
href="#anchor-2368">19.141</a></em>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-color</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstart-glue-point"><span id="anchor-3164"></span><span
id="anchor-1284"></span>draw:start-glue-point</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:start-glue-point</em> attribute identifies the glue
point in a shape where a connector starts by its number. See <a
href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>. Glue point numbers are defined by the
<em>draw:id</em> attributes of the glue point elements
<em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em>. See <a
href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>.</p>
<p>If the connector is not connected to a shape, this attribute is
ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-glue-point</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-glue-point</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstart-intensity"><span id="anchor-3165"></span><span
id="anchor-2371"></span>draw:start-intensity</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:start-intensity</em> attribute specifies the intensity
of the gradient's start color as a percentage value. If it is not
specified, the color is used at 100% intensity. The defined value range
for the <em>draw:start-intensity</em> attribute is 0% to 100%.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-intensity</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-intensity</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstart-shape"><span id="anchor-3166"></span><span
id="anchor-1285"></span>draw:start-shape</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:start-shape</em> attribute specifies a drawing shape to
which the start of a connector is connected by its ID.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-shape</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-shape</em> attribute has the data type
<em>IDREF</em> <a href="#datatype-IDREF">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstyle"><span id="anchor-3167"></span><span
id="anchor-2372"></span>draw:style</h2>
<h3 id="general-68"><span id="anchor-3168"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style</em> attribute specifies the rendering of graphic
objects. </p>
<h3 id="drawgradient-3"><span id="anchor-3169"></span><span
id="anchor-3029"></span>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style</em> attribute specifies a rendering for a
gradient. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:style</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>axial: defines a bi-linear gradient that is also known as a
reflected gradient or mirrored linear gradient. It is created as a
linear gradient that is mirrored (or reflected) along its axis.</li>
<li>ellipsoid: defines a gradient where the colors are blend along the
radius from the center of an ellipsoid as defined by the
<em>draw:cx</em> <a href="#anchor-2365">19.129</a> and <em>draw:cy</em>
<a href="#anchor-2366">19.130</a> attributes. The length of the semi
major-axis is the width of the filled area and the length of the
semi-minor axis is the height of the filled area. The area outside the
ellipse is filled with the end color. </li>
<li>linear: defines a gradient where the colors blend along the linear
axis of the gradient. The axis of the gradient is specified with the
<em>draw:angle</em> <a href="#anchor-2363">19.112</a> attribute
clockwise to the vertical axis.</li>
<li>radial: defines a gradient where the colors are blend along the
radius from the center of a circle as defined with the <em>draw:cx</em>
and <em>draw:cy</em> attributes. The outside of the circle is filled
with the end color.</li>
<li>rectangle: defines a gradient that produces a rectangular blend from
the center of the rectangle to the shortest of the 4 borders. The center
of the rectangle is defined with the attributes <em>draw:cx</em> and
<em>draw:cy</em>. The width of the rectangle is the width of the filled
area, the height of the rectangle is the height of the filled area. The
outside of the square is filled with the end color. </li>
<li>square: defines a gradient that produces a square blend, imitating
the visual perspective in a corridor or the aerial view of a pyramid.
Also known as "box gradient" and "pyramidal gradient". The center of the
square is defined with the <em>draw:cx</em> and <em>draw:cy</em>
attributes. The width and height of the square is the minimum value of
either the width or the height of the filled area. The outside of the
square is filled with the end color. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:style</em> attribute are linear, axial,
radial, ellipsoid, square or rectangular.</p>
<h3 id="drawhatch-5"><span id="anchor-3170"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style_element-draw:hatch"></span>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style</em> attribute specifies a rendering for a hatch.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:style</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>double: defines a hatch that is made of a set of parallel lines
along the axis of the hatch and a set of parallel lines perpendicular to
the axis of the hatch. </li>
<li>single: defines a hatch that is made of parallel lines along the
axis of the hatch. </li>
<li>triple: defines a hatch that is made of a set of parallel lines
along the axis of the hatch, a set of parallel lines perpendicular to
the axis of the hatch and a set of lines along 45 degree clockwise to
the axis of the hatch. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:hatch&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-185">16.42.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:style</em> attribute are single, double or
triple.</p>
<h3 id="drawopacity-4"><span id="anchor-3171"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style_element-draw:opacity"></span>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style</em> attribute specifies the transparency of a
graphic object.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:style</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>axial: <a href="#anchor-3029">19.218.2</a></li>
<li>ellipsoid: <a href="#anchor-3029">19.218.2</a></li>
<li>linear: <a href="#anchor-3029">19.218.2</a></li>
<li>rectangle: <span id="anchor-3172"></span><a
href="#anchor-3029">19.218.2</a></li>
<li>square: <a href="#anchor-3029">19.218.2</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The transparency of an object is blended in contrast to the blending
of colors described for <em>draw:style</em> on
<em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:opacity&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-187">16.42.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:style</em> attribute are linear, axial,
radial, ellipsoid, square or rectangular.</p>
<h3 id="drawstroke-dash-4"><span id="anchor-3173"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style_element-draw:stroke-dash"></span>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style</em> attribute specifies a rendering for a
stroke-dash. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a shape if its style does not contain
an <em>svg:stroke-linecap <a href="#anchor-2712">20.171</a></em>
attribute.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:style</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>rect: dash has a rectangular shape. </li>
<li>round: dash has a round shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-188">16.42.9</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:style</em> attribute are rect or
round.</p>
<h2 id="drawstyle-name"><span id="anchor-3174"></span><span
id="anchor-1198"></span>draw:style-name</h2>
<h3 id="general-69"><span id="anchor-3175"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-199">16.2</a> element
whose whose <em>style:family</em> <a href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a>
attribute value varies depending upon the element where it appears. </p>
<h3 id="dr3dcube-1"><span id="anchor-3176"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-dr3d:cube"></span>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dextrude-1"><span id="anchor-3177"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-dr3d:extrude"></span>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dr3drotate-1"><span id="anchor-3178"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-dr3d:rotate"></span>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dscene-2"><span id="anchor-3179"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-dr3d:scene"></span>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a style:family attribute value
value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dsphere-1"><span id="anchor-3180"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-dr3d:sphere"></span>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcaption-2"><span id="anchor-3181"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:caption"></span>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcircle-2"><span id="anchor-3182"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:circle"></span>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawconnector-2"><span id="anchor-3183"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:connector"></span>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcontrol-3"><span id="anchor-3184"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:control"></span>&lt;draw:control&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcustom-shape-2"><span id="anchor-3185"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:custom-shape"></span>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawellipse-2"><span id="anchor-3186"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:ellipse"></span>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawframe-2"><span id="anchor-3187"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:frame"></span>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawg-2"><span id="anchor-3188"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:g"></span>&lt;draw:g&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawline-2"><span id="anchor-3189"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:line"></span>&lt;draw:line&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawmeasure-2"><span id="anchor-3190"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:measure"></span>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpage-2"><span id="anchor-3191"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:page"></span>&lt;draw:page&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpage-thumbnail-2"><span id="anchor-3192"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:page-thumbnail"></span>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpath-2"><span id="anchor-3193"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:path"></span>&lt;draw:path&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpolygon-2"><span id="anchor-3194"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:polygon"></span>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawpolyline-2"><span id="anchor-3195"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:polyline"></span>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawrect-2"><span id="anchor-3196"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:rect"></span>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawregular-polygon-2"><span id="anchor-3197"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-draw:regular-polygon"></span>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officeannotation-1"><span id="anchor-3198"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-office:annotation"></span>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of graphic. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationnotes-1"><span id="anchor-3199"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-presentation:notes"></span>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="stylehandout-master-1"><span id="anchor-3200"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-style:handout-master"></span>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="stylemaster-page-1"><span id="anchor-3201"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:style-name_element-style:master-page"></span>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element with a <em>style:family</em>
attribute value value of drawing-page. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawtext-areas"><span id="anchor-3202"></span><span
id="anchor-1465"></span>draw:text-areas</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:text-areas</em> attribute specifies up to two text
areas. If the attribute specifies one text area, this text area is used
to position and align the text. If the attribute specifies two text
areas, the second text area is used if a style that is assigned to the
text has a <em>style:writing-mode</em> <a href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a>
attribute with value tb-rl or tb. Otherwise, the first text area is
used. If the draw:text-areas attribute is omitted, the entire area of
the shape is used to position and align the text. </p>
<p>An area consists of four parameters:</p>
<p>The first parameter specifies the left side of a text area.</p>
<p>The second parameter specifies the top side of a text area.</p>
<p>The third parameter specifies the right side of a text area.</p>
<p>The fourth parameter specifies the bottom side of a text area.</p>
<p>A parameter can also have one of the following enhancements:</p>
<ul>
<li>A “?” (U+003F, QUESTION MARK) is used to mark the beginning of a
formula name. The result of the <em>&lt;draw:equation&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-draw:equation">10.2.5</a> element's <em>draw:formula</em>
<a href="#anchor-1232">19.171</a> attribute whose <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a> attribute is the formula name that is
used as the value. </li>
<li>If “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) precedes an integer value, the value is
an index to a <em>draw:modifiers</em> <a href="#anchor-1462">19.196</a>
attribute. The corresponding modifier value is used as the parameter
value.</li>
</ul>
<p>The value of a <em>draw:text-areas</em> attribute is formally defined
as:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>textareas::= textareasequence<br />
textareasequence ::= textarea ( ' '+ textarea )?<br />
textarea::= position ' '+ position ' '+ position ' '+ position<br />
position::= formula | modifier | number<br />
formula::= '?' name<br />
modifier::= '$' integer<br />
number::= sign? float | sign? integer<br />
float::= fractional exponent? | integer exponent<br />
fractional::= integer? '.' integer | integer '.'<br />
exponent::= ( 'e' | 'E' ) sign? integer<br />
sign::= '+'| '-'<br />
integer::= [0-9]+<br />
name ::= [^ ]+ </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>draw:text-areas</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-areas</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawtext-path"><span id="anchor-3203"></span><span
id="anchor-1466"></span>draw:text-path</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path</em> attribute specifies if text is displayed
on a text path.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:text-path</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text is not displayed on a text path.</li>
<li>true: text is displayed on a text path.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawtext-path-allowed"><span id="anchor-3204"></span><span
id="anchor-1467"></span>draw:text-path-allowed</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path-allowed</em> attribute specifies whether the
user interface of a consumer that supports the <em>draw:text-path</em>
<a href="#anchor-1466">19.221</a> attribute should allow modification of
the value of the <em>draw:text-path</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:text-path-allowed</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the value of the <em>draw:text-path</em> attribute should not
be modifiable by the user interface.</li>
<li>true: the value of the <em>draw:text-path</em> attribute should be
modifiable by the user interface.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path-allowed</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path-allowed</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawtext-path-mode"><span id="anchor-3205"></span><span
id="anchor-1468"></span>draw:text-path-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path-mode</em> attribute specifies how text is
drawn on a path.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:text-path-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>normal: text is drawn along the path without scaling;</li>
<li>path: text is fitted to a path;</li>
<li>shape: text is fitted to the bounding box of a shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is normal.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:text-path-mode</em> attribute are normal,
path or shape.</p>
<h2 id="drawtext-path-same-letter-heights"><span
id="anchor-3206"></span><span
id="anchor-1469"></span>draw:text-path-same-letter-heights</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path-same-letter-heights</em> attribute specifies
if all letters in a custom shape have the same height.</p>
<p>The defined values for the
<em>draw:text-path-same-letter-heights</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: letters in a custom shape need not have the same height.</li>
<li>true: letters in a custom shape have the same height.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path-same-letter-heights</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path-same-letter-heights</em> attribute has the
data type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawtext-path-scale"><span id="anchor-3207"></span><span
id="anchor-1470"></span>draw:text-path-scale</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path-scale</em> attribute specifies the scaling of
a text path.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:text-path-scale</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>path: text scaling is determined by the length of the path from the
<em>draw:enhanced-path</em> <a href="#anchor-1434">19.145</a>
attribute.</li>
<li>shape: text scaling is determined by the width of a shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is path.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-path-scale</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:text-path-scale</em> attribute are path or
shape.</p>
<h2 id="drawtext-rotate-angle"><span id="anchor-3208"></span><span
id="anchor-1471"></span>draw:text-rotate-angle</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:text-rotate-angle</em> attribute specifies the angle by
which text within a custom shape is rotated in addition to the rotation
included in the shape's <em>draw:transform</em> <a
href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-rotate-angle</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-rotate-angle</em> attribute has the data type
<em>angle</em> <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawtext-style-name"><span id="anchor-3209"></span><span
id="anchor-1239"></span>draw:text-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:text-style-name</em> attribute specifies a style for
formatting of text in a shape.</p>
<p>The value of this attribute is the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-199">16.2</a> element with
a <em>style:family</em> <a href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a> attribute
value of paragraph.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:text-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawtransform"><span id="anchor-3210"></span><span
id="anchor-1240"></span>draw:transform</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:transform</em> attribute specifies a list of
transformations that can be applied to a drawing shape. </p>
<p>The value of this attribute is a list of transform definitions, which
are applied to the drawing shape in the order in which they are listed.
The transform definitions in the list shall be separated by a white
space and/or a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). Unless otherwise stated, the
parameters of the transform definitions are double values (<a
href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>) </p>
<p>The defined transforms are:</p>
<ul>
<li>matrix(<em>&lt;a&gt;</em> <em>&lt;b&gt;</em> <em>&lt;c&gt;</em>
<em>&lt;d&gt;</em> <em>&lt;e&gt;</em> <em>&lt;f&gt;</em>), specifies a
transformation in the form of a transformation matrix of six values.
"The values describe a standard 3x2 homogeneous transformation matrix in
column-major order, where the right column (<em>&lt;e&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;f&gt;</em>) describes the translation. </li>
<li>rotate(<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em>), specifies a rotation by
<em>&lt;rotate-angle&gt;</em> degrees about the origin of the shape’s
coordinate system.</li>
<li>scale(<em>&lt;sx&gt;</em> [<em>&lt;sy&gt;</em>]), specifies a scale
operation by <em>&lt;sx&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;sy&gt;</em>. If
<em>&lt;sy&gt;</em> is not provided, it is assumed to be equal to
<em>&lt;sx&gt;</em>.</li>
<li>skewX(&lt;<em>skew-angle&gt;</em>), specifies a skew transformation
by <em>&lt;skew-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the x-axis.</li>
<li>skewY(<em>&lt;skew-angle&gt;</em>), specifies a skew transformation
by <em>&lt;skew-angle&gt;</em> degrees along the y-axis.</li>
<li>translate(<em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> [<em>&lt;ty&gt;</em>]), specifies a
translation by <em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;ty&gt;,</em> where
<em>&lt;tx&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;ty&gt;</em> are lengths (<a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>). If <em>&lt;ty&gt;</em> is not
provided, it is assumed to be zero.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:transform</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:transform</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawtype"><span id="anchor-3211"></span><span
id="anchor-1286"></span>draw:type</h2>
<h3 id="general-70"><span id="anchor-3212"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:type</em> attribute specifies a drawing type. </p>
<h3 id="drawconnector-3"><span id="anchor-3213"></span><span
id="anchor-1280"></span>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:type</em> attribute specifies the line or series of
lines that connect two glue points.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>curve: a curve connector draws a single curved line between the two
glue points of the connected objects.</li>
<li>line: a line connector draws one straight line between the two glue
points of the connected objects.</li>
<li>lines: a lines connector leaves two connecting objects with straight
lines and connects them with a straight (not necessarily perpendicular)
line.</li>
<li>standard: a standard connector leaves two connecting objects with
straight lines and connects them with one or more straight perpendicular
lines that do not intersect the connected shapes' bounding boxes.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> element the default value for
this attribute is standard.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:type</em> attribute are standard, lines,
line or curve.</p>
<h3 id="drawenhanced-geometry-1"><span id="anchor-3214"></span><span
id="attribute-draw:type_element-draw:enhanced-geometry"></span>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>draw:type</em> attribute specifies the name of a shape type
that is rendering engine dependent. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>non-primitive: no shape type is available.</li>
<li>a value of type string: a rendering-engine-specific name of a
shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The value of this attribute shall not influence the geometry of the
shape.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The shape type can be used to offer specialized user interfaces
for classes of shapes, for example for arrows, smileys, etc.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>For a <em>&lt;draw:<em>enhanced-geometry</em>&gt;</em> element the
default value for this attribute is non-primitive.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:type</em> attribute are non-primitive or a
value of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawvalue"><span id="anchor-3215"></span><span
id="anchor-1372"></span>draw:value</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:value</em> attribute specifies the value of a run-time
parameter specified by a <em>draw:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:param&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1369">10.4.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:value</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawz-index"><span id="anchor-3216"></span><span
id="anchor-1205"></span>draw:z-index</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:z-index</em> attribute defines a rendering order for
shapes in a document instance. In the absence of this attribute, shapes
are rendered in the order in which they appear in the document.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:z-index</em> values increase from back to front.</p>
<p>For a shape on which the <em>style:run-through</em> <a
href="#anchor-2705">20.351</a> attribute with value foreground is in
effect, producers should not generate a <em>draw:z-index</em> value that
is smaller than the value of any <em>draw:z-index</em> on a shape on
which the <em>style:run-through</em> attribute with value background is
in effect.</p>
<p>Producers shall not generate a <em>draw:z-index</em> for shapes that
are children of a <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> element <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a> or a <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> element
<a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:z-index</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>
and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:z-index</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="focolumn-count"><span id="anchor-3217"></span><span
id="anchor-2537"></span>fo:column-count</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:column-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
columns in a section.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:column-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2463">17.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:column-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="focolumn-gap"><span id="anchor-3218"></span><span
id="anchor-2538"></span>fo:column-gap</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:column-gap</em> attribute specifies the gap between
columns for <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> elements that do not contain
individual <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> elements. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> This attribute has the same name as an <a href="#nref-xsl">[XSL]</a>
property but it is attached to a different element.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:column-gap</em> attribute does not support inherit and percentage
values. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:column-gap</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2463">17.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:column-gap</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="focountry"><span id="anchor-3219"></span><span
id="anchor-824"></span>fo:country</h2>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-source-1"><span
id="anchor-3220"></span><span
id="attribute-fo:country_element-text:alphabetical-index-source"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:country</em> attribute specifies the country code used for
sorting an alphabetical index.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:country</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:country</em> attribute has the data type
<em>countryCode</em> <a href="#datatype-countryCode">18.3.11</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbibliography-configuration-1"><span
id="anchor-3221"></span><span
id="attribute-fo:country_element-text:bibliography-configuration"></span>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:country</em> attribute specifies the country code used for
sorting a bibliographic index.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:country</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:country</em> attribute has the data type
<em>countryCode</em> <a href="#datatype-countryCode">18.3.11</a>.</p>
<h2 id="foend-indent"><span id="anchor-3222"></span><span
id="anchor-2542"></span>fo:end-indent</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:end-indent</em> attribute specifies the right space of a
column. Together with the <em>fo:start-indent</em> attribute of an
immediately adjacent and following column, it establishes the gap
between the columns. <a href="#anchor-2545">19.245</a></p>
<p>See §7.10.8 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:end-indent</em> attribute does not support inherit and percentage
values. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:end-indent</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2539">17.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:end-indent</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="folanguage"><span id="anchor-3223"></span><span
id="anchor-825"></span>fo:language</h2>
<h3 id="general-71"><span id="anchor-3224"></span><span
id="DDE_LINK21"></span>General</h3>
<p>See §7.9.2 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.
Compared to the XSL language attribute, the value range of this
attribute is extended to additional parts of ISO 639. </p>
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a
<em>fo:country</em> <a href="#anchor-2223">20.188</a> attribute.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:language</em> attribute does not support inherit and none values.
</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-source-2"><span
id="anchor-3225"></span><span
id="attribute-fo:language_element-text:alphabetical-index-source"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:language</em> attribute specifies the language code used
for sorting an alphabetical index.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:language</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:language</em> attribute has the data type
<em>languageCode</em> <a href="#datatype-languageCode">18.3.17</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbibliography-configuration-2"><span
id="anchor-3226"></span><span
id="attribute-fo:language_element-text:bibliography-configuration"></span>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:language</em> attribute specifies the language code used
for sorting a bibliographic index.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:language</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:language</em> attribute has the data type
<em>languageCode</em> <a href="#datatype-languageCode">18.3.17</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomargin-left"><span id="anchor-3227"></span><span
id="anchor-2595"></span>fo:margin-left</h2>
<p>See §7.10.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:margin-left</em> attribute specifies the left margins for
the text lines of a list item. The attribute has the same meaning as the
formatting property attribute <em>fo:margin-left</em>. <a
href="#anchor-2419">20.207</a> Its value is only considered for
paragraphs inside a list item whose paragraph styles do not specify a
<em>fo:text-indent</em> attribute or a <em>fo:margin-left</em>
attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:margin-left</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2592">17.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:margin-left</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomax-height"><span id="anchor-3228"></span><span
id="anchor-1346"></span>fo:max-height</h2>
<p>See §7.14.6 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:max-height</em> attribute specifies the maximum height of
a text box when the minimum height has been set using the
<em>fo:min-height</em> <a href="#anchor-2477">20.212</a> attribute. When
this maximum value is reached, the text box stops increasing in height.
The units of measure for this attribute shall match those used for the
corresponding <em>fo:min-height</em> attribute.</p>
<p>If the anchor for the text box is in a table cell, a percentage value
is relative to the size of the surrounding table cell. If the anchor for
the text box is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the
size of the surrounding text box. In other cases, percentage values are
relative to the width or height of the page or window.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:max-height</em> attribute does not support the none value.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:max-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:max-height</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value
of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomax-width"><span id="anchor-3229"></span><span
id="anchor-1347"></span>fo:max-width</h2>
<p>See §7.14.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:max-width</em> attribute specifies the maximum width of a
text box when the minimum width have been set using the
<em>fo:min-width</em> <a href="#anchor-2696">20.213</a> attribute. When
this maximum value is reached, the text box stops increasing in width.
The units of measure for this attribute shall match those used for the
corresponding <em>fo:min-width</em> attribute.</p>
<p>If the anchor for the text box is in a table cell, a percentage value
is relative to the size of the surrounding table cell. If the anchor for
the text box is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the
size of the surrounding text box. In other cases, percentage values are
relative to the width or height of the page or window.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:max-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:max-width</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomin-height"><span id="anchor-3230"></span><span
id="anchor-1348"></span>fo:min-height</h2>
<p>See §7.14.8 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>If set, it overrides the height of a text box specified by the
<em>svg:height</em> <a href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a> attribute of the
surrounding <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt; <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a></em>
element. </p>
<p>If the anchor for a text box is in a table cell, a percentage value
is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the text box
is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the surrounding text
box. In other cases, percentage values are relative to the height of the
page or window.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:min-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:min-height</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value
of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomin-width"><span id="anchor-3231"></span><span
id="anchor-1349"></span>fo:min-width</h2>
<p>See §7.14.9 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>If set, it overrides the width of a text box specified by the
<em>svg:width</em> <a href="#anchor-2715">20.413</a> attribute of the
surrounding <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>
element. </p>
<p>If the anchor for a text box is in a table cell, a percentage value
is relative to the surrounding table box. If the anchor for a text box
is in a text box, a percentage value is relative to the surrounding text
box. In other cases, percentage values are relative to the height of the
page or window.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:min-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:min-width</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="foscript"><span id="anchor-3232"></span><span
id="anchor-826"></span>fo:script</h2>
<h3 id="general-72"><span id="anchor-3233"></span>General</h3>
<p>See §7.9.3 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.
The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of
§2.2.3 of <span class="citation" data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>,
or its successors. The attribute may be ignored if it is not specified
together with a <em>fo:language</em> attribute.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the <em>fo:script</em>
attribute does not support inherit and none values. </p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-source-3"><span
id="anchor-3234"></span><span
id="attribute-fo:script_element-text:alphabetical-index-source"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:script</em> attribute specifies the script code used for
sorting an alphabetical index. The attribute should be used only if
necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:script</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:script</em> attribute has the data type
<em>scriptCode</em> <a href="#datatype-scriptCode">18.3.29</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbibliography-configuration-3"><span
id="anchor-3235"></span><span
id="attribute-fo:script_element-text:bibliography-configuration"></span>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:script</em> attribute specifies the script code used for
sorting a bibliographic index. The attribute should be used only if
necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:script</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:script</em> attribute has the data type
<em>scriptCode</em> <a href="#datatype-scriptCode">18.3.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fospace-after"><span id="anchor-3236"></span><span
id="anchor-2543"></span>fo:space-after</h2>
<p>See §7.10.6 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:space-after</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2539">17.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:space-after</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fospace-before"><span id="anchor-3237"></span><span
id="anchor-2544"></span>fo:space-before</h2>
<p>See §7.10.5 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:space-before</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2539">17.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:space-before</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fostart-indent"><span id="anchor-3238"></span><span
id="anchor-2545"></span>fo:start-indent</h2>
<p>See §7.10.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:start-indent</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2539">17.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:start-indent</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fotext-indent"><span id="anchor-3239"></span><span
id="anchor-2594"></span>fo:text-indent</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:text-indent</em> attribute specifies the indent for the
text lines of a list item. The attribute has the same meaning as the
formatting property attribute <em>fo:text-indent</em>. See <a
href="#anchor-2491">20.225</a> It is used for paragraphs inside list
items whose paragraph styles do not specify an <em>fo:text-indent</em>
or <em>fo:margin-left</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The value <em>fo:text-indent</em> + <em>fo:margin-left</em> specifies
the indent of the first text line of the list item. This position is
also the alignment position for the list label, because the value of
<em>text:min-label-width</em> is treated as 0. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:text-indent</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2592">17.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:text-indent</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formallow-deletes"><span id="anchor-3240"></span><span
id="anchor-1795"></span>form:allow-deletes</h2>
<p>The <em>form:allow-deletes</em> attribute specifies whether data
records can be deleted by a form. It applies only if a form is
data-aware.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:allow-deletes</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: records cannot be deleted by a form.</li>
<li>true: records can be deleted by a form.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>form:allow-deletes</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:allow-deletes</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formallow-inserts"><span id="anchor-3241"></span><span
id="anchor-1796"></span>form:allow-inserts</h2>
<p>The <em>form:allow-inserts</em> attribute specifies whether new data
records can be inserted by a form. It applies only if the form is
data-aware.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:allow-inserts</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: records cannot be inserted by a form.</li>
<li>true: records can be inserted by a form.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>form:allow-inserts</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:allow-inserts</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formallow-updates"><span id="anchor-3242"></span><span
id="anchor-1797"></span>form:allow-updates</h2>
<p>The <em>form:allow-updates</em> attribute specifies whether data
records in the form can be updated. It applies only if the form is
data-aware.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:allow-updates</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: records cannot be updated by a form.</li>
<li>true: records can be updated by a form.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>form:allow-updates</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:allow-updates</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formapply-design-mode"><span id="anchor-3243"></span><span
id="anchor-1791"></span>form:apply-design-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>form:apply-design-mode</em> attribute specifies whether forms
are presented in editable or non-editable state.</p>
<ul>
<li>false: forms in document presented in completed state </li>
<li>true: forms in document presented in editable state </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>form:apply-design-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-107">13.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:apply-design-mode</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formapply-filter"><span id="anchor-3244"></span><span
id="anchor-1798"></span>form:apply-filter</h2>
<p>The <em>form:apply-filter</em> attribute specifies whether the filter
clause specified by the <em>form:filter</em> <a
href="#anchor-1806">19.273</a> attribute is applied to the SQL command
constituting the form's result set. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:apply-filter</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the filter clause specified by the <em>form:filter</em>
attribute is not applied to the SQL command constituting the form's
result set.</li>
<li>true: the filter clause specified by the <em>form:filter</em>
attribute is applied to the SQL command constituting the form's result
set.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:apply-filter</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:apply-filter</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formauto-complete"><span id="anchor-3245"></span><span
id="anchor-1854"></span>form:auto-complete</h2>
<p>The <em>form:auto-complete</em> attribute specifies , when the user
enters text in the combo box that matches the beginning of a list item
in the combo box, whether the consumer completes the text with the
matched item. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:auto-complete</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: completion of text is not enabled.</li>
<li>true: completion of text is enabled.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>form:auto-complete</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:auto-complete</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formautomatic-focus"><span id="anchor-3246"></span><span
id="anchor-1792"></span>form:automatic-focus</h2>
<p>The <em>form:automatic-focus</em> attribute specifies whether the
consumer loading the document should set the focus to a form
control.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:automatic-focus</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the consumer does not set the focus to a form control, but to
the document view. In this case, the user can start editing the document
content. </li>
<li>true: the consumer sets the focus to a form control after loading
the document. In this case, the user can immediately start editing the
form control content. </li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: If the <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-107">13.2</a> element and its sub-elements define multiple
form controls, it is not defined as to which form control receives
focus.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:automatic-focus</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;office:forms&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-107">13.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:automatic-focus</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formbound-column"><span id="anchor-3247"></span><span
id="anchor-1863"></span>form:bound-column</h2>
<p>The <em>form:bound-column</em> attribute specifies the column values
of the list source result set that are used to fill the data field
values. </p>
<p>The <em>form:list-source</em> and <em>form:list-source-type</em>
attributes together define an SQL command to execute against the
database to which the control's form is bound. The result set of the
execution of this SQL command is the list source result set. </p>
<p>The <em>form:bound-column</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:bound-column</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formbutton-type"><span id="anchor-3248"></span><span
id="anchor-1872"></span>form:button-type</h2>
<p>The <em>form:button-type</em> attribute specifies the type of a
button. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:button-type</em> attribute are:
</p>
<ul>
<li>push: pressing the button does not perform any action by default. A
user can add scripts to a button and the script will run when the button
is pressed.</li>
<li>reset: pressing the button resets every control in the form to its
default value.</li>
<li>submit: pressing the button submits the form.</li>
<li>url: pressing the button loads the IRI that is specified in the
<em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> attribute.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is push.</p>
<p>The <em>form:button-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a> and <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:button-type</em> attribute are submit,
reset, push or url.</p>
<h2 id="formcommand"><span id="anchor-3249"></span><span
id="anchor-1799"></span>form:command</h2>
<p>The <em>form:command</em> attribute specifies a command to execute on
a data source.</p>
<p>The value is interpreted differently, depending to the value of the
<em>form:command-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1800">19.257</a> attribute
of the form. </p>
<p>The <em>form:command</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:command</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formcommand-type"><span id="anchor-3250"></span><span
id="anchor-1800"></span>form:command-type</h2>
<p>The <em>form:command-type</em> attribute specifies the type of
command to execute on a data source. </p>
<p>The defined values of the <em>form:command-type</em> attribute are:
</p>
<ul>
<li>command: the command contains an SQL statement. The form executes
the SQL statement.</li>
<li>query: the command contains the name of query. The form retrieves
the query and executes its SQL statement.</li>
<li>table: the command contains a table name. The form executes an SQL
statement that retrieves all of the data in the table.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The attribute value query is only meaningful if the
<em>form:datasource</em> <a href="#anchor-1802">19.264</a> attribute
specifies a data source name or a database front-end document.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The default value for this attribute is command.</p>
<p>The <em>form:command-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:command-type</em> attribute are table,
query or command.</p>
<h2 id="formcontrol-implementation"><span id="anchor-3251"></span><span
id="anchor-1801"></span>form:control-implementation</h2>
<p>The <em>form:control-implementation</em> attribute specifies a
rendition or implementation of a control that should be created. If the
consumer supports the form element this attribute is used with, but does
not support the specific concrete rendition or implementation, the
consumer shall ignore the <em>form:control-implementation</em> attribute
and use its own rendition of the form element. </p>
<p>The <em>form:control-implementation</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1317">13.5.25</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:control-implementation</em> attribute has the data type
<em>namespacedToken</em> <a
href="#datatype-namespacedToken">18.3.19</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formconvert-empty-to-null"><span id="anchor-3252"></span><span
id="anchor-1821"></span>form:convert-empty-to-null</h2>
<p>The <em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> attribute specifies whether
empty current values are treated as NULL.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: an empty string in the control is treated as an empty
string.</li>
<li>true: an empty string in the control is treated as a NULL value.
</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a> and <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:convert-empty-to-null</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formcurrent-selected"><span id="anchor-3253"></span><span
id="anchor-1869"></span>form:current-selected</h2>
<p>The <em>form:current-selected</em> attribute specifies the state of a
radio button or option control.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:current-selected</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: radio button or option control is not selected.</li>
<li>true: radio button or option control is selected. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:current-selected</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1867">13.5.14</a> and <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:current-selected</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formcurrent-state"><span id="anchor-3254"></span><span
id="anchor-1882"></span>form:current-state</h2>
<p>The <em>form:current-state</em> attribute specifies the state of a
check box control.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:current-state</em> attribute are:
</p>
<ul>
<li>checked: The check box is checked. The value of the control is
submitted with the form.</li>
<li>unchecked: The check box is not checked.</li>
<li>unknown: This value is available only if the
<em>form:is-tristate</em> <a href="#anchor-1883">19.281</a> attribute
for a <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>
element is true. It indicates that a check box control is neither
checked nor unchecked.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>form:current-state</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:current-state</em> attribute are
unchecked, checked or unknown.</p>
<h2 id="formcurrent-value"><span id="anchor-3255"></span><span
id="anchor-1822"></span>form:current-value</h2>
<p>The <em>form:current-value</em> attribute specifies the current
status of an input control. It overrides the value of a
<em>form:value</em> attribute, if one is present.</p>
<p>The defined value types for <em>form:current-value</em> attribute
values are:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>:
<em>string</em>.</li>
<li><em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>:
<em>date</em>.</li>
<li><em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>:
<em>string</em>. </li>
<li><em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>: <em>string</em>. </li>
<li><em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>:
<em>double</em>.</li>
<li><em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>:
<em>string</em>.</li>
<li><em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>:
<em>string</em>. </li>
<li><em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>:
<em>time</em>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>form:current-value</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a> and <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:current-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formdata-field"><span id="anchor-3256"></span><span
id="anchor-1823"></span>form:data-field</h2>
<p>The <em>form:data-field</em> attribute specifies the name of a column
in the result set defined by a (data-aware) form. A control interchanges
content with its column when: </p>
<ul>
<li>the current row of a form changes: the control is initialized with
the value from its column. </li>
<li>the user changes the content of a control: this changed value is
written back to its column.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: consumers may delay this write-back, for instance until the
control loses the focus, instead of updating the column value with every
change in the control. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>form:data-field</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a> and <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:data-field</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formdatasource"><span id="anchor-3257"></span><span
id="anchor-1802"></span>form:datasource</h2>
<p>The <em>form:datasource</em> attribute specifies the name of a data
source to use for a form.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:datasource</em> attribute are:
</p>
<ul>
<li>An IRI specifying a database connection.</li>
<li>A data source name that a consumer can use to establish a database
connection.</li>
<li>The IRI of an OpenDocument database front-end document.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The data source name is a programmatic name for a database
front end document which allows it to reference data sources regardless
of their real location. The mapping from data source names to specific
instances of database front end documents is implementation-defined.
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>form:datasource</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:datasource</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>anyIRI</em> <a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a> or a value of
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formdefault-button"><span id="anchor-3258"></span><span
id="anchor-1873"></span>form:default-button</h2>
<p>The <em>form:default-button</em> attribute specifies whether a button
is the default button on a form. If a user clicks <a
href="#anchor-3259">19.406</a> the default button or presses the Return
key while an input control is focused, the consumer takes the same
action.</p>
<p>If multiple buttons with <em>form:default-button</em> attributes with
values of true are present in a form, it is implementation-defined which
button is the default for the form.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:default-button</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: button is not the default button for a form.</li>
<li>true: button is the default button for a form. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:default-button</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:default-button</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formdelay-for-repeat"><span id="anchor-3260"></span><span
id="anchor-1840"></span>form:delay-for-repeat</h2>
<p>The <em>form:delay-for-repeat</em> attribute specifies a time-out to
be used before a pressed mouse button results in repeating an action.
The <em>form:delay-for-repeat</em> attribute is ignored unless a
<em>form:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-1843">19.302</a> attribute is
present, and evaluates to true.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is PT0.050S.</p>
<p>The <em>form:delay-for-repeat</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:delay-for-repeat</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formdetail-fields"><span id="anchor-3261"></span><span
id="anchor-1803"></span>form:detail-fields</h2>
<p>The <em>form:detail-fields</em> attribute specifies the names of the
columns in contained forms that are related to columns in a containing
form. The columns are used as parameters in the command for the
contained form to retrieve the details from its containing form. </p>
<p>This attribute contains a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of
field names.</p>
<p>The <em>form:detail-fields</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:detail-fields</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formdisabled"><span id="anchor-3262"></span><span
id="anchor-1824"></span>form:disabled</h2>
<p>The <em>form:disabled</em> attribute specifies whether a control can
accept user input. </p>
<p>Controls that are disabled are not included in the tabbing navigation
sequence and cannot be focused.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:disabled</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: a control cannot accept user input.</li>
<li>true: a control can accept user input. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:disabled</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:disabled</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formdropdown"><span id="anchor-3263"></span><span
id="anchor-1855"></span>form:dropdown</h2>
<p>The <em>form:dropdown</em> attribute specifies whether a list in a
<em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> or <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> element
is always visible or is only visible when the user clicks <a
href="#anchor-3259">19.406</a> the drop-down button. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:dropdown</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: list is visible only when a user selects a drop-down
button.</li>
<li>true: list is always visible. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:dropdown</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a> and <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:dropdown</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formecho-char"><span id="anchor-3264"></span><span
id="anchor-1837"></span>form:echo-char</h2>
<p>The <em>form:echo-char</em> attribute specifies the character that a
form uses to mask text that a user inputs in a password control.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “*” (U+002A, ASTERISK).</p>
<p>The <em>form:echo-char</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:echo-char</em> attribute has the data type
<em>character</em> <a href="#datatype-character">18.3.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formenctype"><span id="anchor-3265"></span><span
id="anchor-1804"></span>form:enctype</h2>
<p>The <em>form:enctype</em> attribute, when the value of the
<em>form:method</em> <a href="#anchor-1809">19.291</a> attribute is
post, specifies the content type used to submit the form to the server.
Other MIME types may be acceptable. See §17.3.4 of <span
class="citation" data-cites="HTML4">[HTML4]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is
application/x-www-form-urlencoded.</p>
<p>The <em>form:enctype</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:enctype</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formescape-processing"><span id="anchor-3266"></span><span
id="anchor-1805"></span>form:escape-processing</h2>
<p>The <em>form:escape-processing</em> attribute, when the value of the
<em>form:command-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1800">19.257</a> attribute
is command, specifies whether the consumer processes the command before
passing it to a database driver.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:escape-processing</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: consumer does not process commands before passing them to a
database driver.</li>
<li>true: consumer does process commands before passing them to a
database driver. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>form:escape-processing</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:escape-processing</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formfilter"><span id="anchor-3267"></span><span
id="anchor-1806"></span>form:filter</h2>
<p>The <em>form:filter</em> attribute specifies a filter for the SQL
clause determined by the <em>form:command-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1800">19.257</a> and <em>form:command</em> <a
href="#anchor-1799">19.256</a> attributes. If that SQL statement
contains a filter (WHERE clause), the filter specified by the attribute
value is conjunctively added to the existing filter.</p>
<p>The filter is only applied if the <em>form:apply-filter</em>
attribute has the value true. <a href="#anchor-1798">19.251</a>.</p>
<p> This allows OpenDocument consumers to toggle a filter on and off
without losing the content of the <em>form:filter</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>form:filter</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:filter</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formfocus-on-click"><span id="anchor-3268"></span><span
id="anchor-1874"></span>form:focus-on-click</h2>
<p>The <em>form:focus-on-click</em> attribute specifies if a
<em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> element is given the focus in a form when
the form button control for that element is operated.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:focus-on-click</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: element not given focus.</li>
<li>true: element given focus.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>form:focus-on-click</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:focus-on-click</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formfor"><span id="anchor-3269"></span><span
id="anchor-1850"></span>form:for</h2>
<p>The <em>form:for</em> attribute specifies a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA)
separated list of <em>xml:id</em>s of control elements that are the
targets of the elements where this attribute appears. </p>
<p>The <em>form:for</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a> and <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:for</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formid-deprecated"><span id="anchor-3270"></span><span
id="anchor-1825"></span>form:id (deprecated) </h2>
<p>The <em>form:id</em> attribute specifies an identifier for a control
element.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a <em>form:id</em> attribute if
it occurs on an element with an <em>xml:id</em> attribute value. </p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write <em>form:id</em> attributes for
elements in addition to an <em>xml:id</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The value of a <em>form:id</em> attribute shall equal the value of an
<em>xml:id</em> attribute on the same element. </p>
<p>The <em>form:id</em> attribute is deprecated in favor of
<em>xml:id</em>. <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a></p>
<p>The <em>form:id</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>,
<em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>,
<em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>,
<em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>,
<em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>,
<em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>,
<em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1317">13.5.25</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formignore-result"><span id="anchor-3271"></span><span
id="anchor-1807"></span>form:ignore-result</h2>
<p>The <em>form:ignore-result</em> attribute specifies whether to
discard all results that are retrieved from an underlying data source.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:ignore-result</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: data from query of data source not discarded.</li>
<li>true: data from query of data source is discarded. Only new data can
be inserted into a data source.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:ignore-result</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:ignore-result</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formimage-align"><span id="anchor-3272"></span><span
id="anchor-1875"></span>form:image-align</h2>
<p>The <em>form:image-align</em> attribute specifies which border
(start, end) or axis (center) of an image and a text are to be
aligned.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:image-align</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>center: image and text are centered.</li>
<li>end: image and text are aligned on the end of the image.</li>
<li>start: image and text are aligned on the start of the image.</li>
</ul>
<p>If a <em>form:image-align</em> attribute is not present, it is
assumed to be center. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is center.</p>
<p>The <em>form:image-align</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a> and <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:image-align</em> attribute are start,
center or end.</p>
<h2 id="formimage-data"><span id="anchor-3273"></span><span
id="anchor-1876"></span>form:image-data</h2>
<p>The <em>form:image-data</em> attribute specifies the location of a
file containing image data.</p>
<p>The <em>form:image-data</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a> and <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:image-data</em> attribute has the data type
<em>anyIRI</em> <a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formimage-position"><span id="anchor-3274"></span><span
id="anchor-1877"></span>form:image-position</h2>
<p>If the <em>form:image-position</em> attribute specifies the location
of an image relative to the text of a control. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:image-position</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>bottom: image is placed below the text.</li>
<li>center: image centered relative to the text.</li>
<li>end: image is placed after the text.</li>
<li>start: image is placed before the text.</li>
<li>top: image is placed above the text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is center.</p>
<p>The <em>form:image-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a> and <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formis-tristate"><span id="anchor-3275"></span><span
id="anchor-1883"></span>form:is-tristate</h2>
<p>The <em>form:is-tristate</em> attribute specifies a check box can
have the values of checked, unchecked and unknown.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:is-tristate</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: a check box can only have the values of checked and
unchecked.</li>
<li>true: a check box can have the values of checked, unchecked and
unknown. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:is-tristate</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:is-tristate</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formlabel"><span id="anchor-3276"></span><span
id="anchor-1851"></span>form:label</h2>
<p>The <em>form:label</em> attribute specifies the text for a
control.</p>
<p>The <em>form:label</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a>, <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;form:item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1860">13.5.12</a>, <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1867">13.5.14</a> and <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:label</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formlinked-cell"><span id="anchor-3277"></span><span
id="anchor-1826"></span>form:linked-cell</h2>
<p>The <em>form:linked-cell</em> attribute specifies a table cell to
which the form control content should be linked. Linking means that the
cell value and control content are equal at all times.</p>
<p>The table cell to link the control to can be specified as a
<em>cellAddress</em>, or as a named cell range. In the latter case, if
the named range contains more than one cell, the cell in the first row
and first column of the range is linked to the form control.</p>
<p>If the attribute value matches the name of a named range as well as a
cell address, it is interpreted as the name of a named range. </p>
<p>The <em>form:linked-cell</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:linked-cell</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>cellAddress</em> <a href="#datatype-cellAddress">18.3.4</a> or
a value of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formlist-linkage-type"><span id="anchor-3278"></span><span
id="anchor-1864"></span>form:list-linkage-type</h2>
<p>The <em>form:list-linkage-type</em> attribute specifies how a control
defined by a <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a> elements interacts with a linked table
cell.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:list-linkage-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>selection: The text selected in the control is propagated to its
linked cell. If text is entered into a cell linked to a
<em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> element, the list item whose label matches
the cell text is selected, or all items are deselected if no such item
exists.</li>
<li>selection-indices: If a list item is selected in the control, its
index value on a 1-based index is propagated to its its linked cell. If
the value in the linked cell changes, the control should select the list
item with the index described by the cell value, or deselect all items
if the cell value cannot be interpreted as integer value, or does not
specify a valid list index item.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>form:list-linkage-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:list-linkage-type</em> attribute are
selection or selection-indices.</p>
<h2 id="formlist-source"><span id="anchor-3279"></span><span
id="anchor-1856"></span>form:list-source</h2>
<p>The <em>form:list-source</em> attribute specifies a source for the
list entries in a list or combo box.</p>
<p>Obtaining those list entries may be a multi-step process. The process
depends upon the value of the <em>form:list-source-type</em> attribute
on the same element.</p>
<p>If the <em>form:list-source-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-1857">19.286</a> attribute has the value value-list, the
content of the <em>form:list-source</em> attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>In all other cases, the content of the <em>form:list-source</em>
attribute is resolved relative to a database connection or database
front-end document. The <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a> element containing the control defines this
database connection or document by its <em>form:datasource</em> <a
href="#anchor-1802">19.264</a> attribute.</p>
<ul>
<li>For retrieving the list entries depending on the
<em>form:list-source-type</em> attribute, the following algorithms are
to be used: </li>
<li>If the <em>form:list-source-type</em> attribute has the value
table-fields, the <em>form:list-source</em> attribute specifies the name
of a database table. The names of the columns of this table, in the
order as returned by the database driver, are used as list entries.</li>
<li>For all other values of <em>form:list-source-type</em>, the value of
the <em>form:list-source</em> attribute is used to create a result set.
For this, the first step is to transform the value of the
<em>form:list-source</em> attribute into an SQL command as follows:
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>sql, sql-pass-through: The SQL command is the content of the
<em>form:list-source</em> attribute.</li>
<li>query: The <em>form:list-source</em> attribute specifies the name of
a query object in the database, whose underlying SQL command is to be
used. </li>
<li>table: The <em>form:list-source</em> attribute specifies the name of
a database table, and the SQL command is the default SQL command to
select all data from that table. This is "SELECT * FROM
&lt;table_name&gt;", but consumers may find it necessary to add escape
characters to a table name, if required by the database driver.</li>
</ul>
<p>In a next step, the obtained SQL command is executed against the
database. If the <em>form:list-source-type</em> attribute has the value
sql-pass-through or query, and if the <em>db:escape-processing</em> <a
href="#anchor-1727">19.51</a> attribute of the referred query has the
value false, then the SQL command shall be passed directly to the
database driver, without being interpreted and modified or normalized by
the consumer.</p>
<p>This execution produces a two-dimensional homogeneous result set,
whose first-column values form the entry list to be used. </p>
<p>The <em>form:list-source</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a> and <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:list-source</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formlist-source-type"><span id="anchor-3280"></span><span
id="anchor-1857"></span>form:list-source-type</h2>
<p>The <em>form:list-source-type</em> attribute specifies how to
populate the entry list in a combo box or list box control.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:list-source-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>query: evaluated against the database front-end document or database
connection defined by the <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> element which the
control belongs to. The <em>form:list-source</em> attribute defines that
evaluation. <a href="#anchor-1856">19.285</a></li>
<li>sql: evaluated against the database front-end document or database
connection defined by the <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> element which the
control belongs to. The <em>form:list-source</em> attribute defines that
evaluation. <a href="#anchor-1856">19.285</a></li>
<li>sql-pass-through: evaluated against the database front-end document
or database connection defined by the <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> element
which the control belongs to. The <em>form:list-source</em> attribute
defines that evaluation. <a href="#anchor-1856">19.285</a></li>
<li>table: evaluated against the database front-end document or database
connection defined by the <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> element which the
control belongs to. The <em>form:list-source</em> attribute defines that
evaluation. <a href="#anchor-1856">19.285</a></li>
<li>table-fields: evaluated against the database front-end document or
database connection defined by the <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> element
which the control belongs to. The <em>form:list-source</em> attribute
defines that evaluation. <a href="#anchor-1856">19.285</a></li>
<li>value-list: entry list populated by values specified by the
<em>form:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1833">19.316</a> attributes of
<em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1867">13.5.14</a> child
elements. This value is applicable to list boxes only. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>form:list-source-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a> and <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:list-source-type</em> attribute are table,
query, sql, sql-pass-through, value-list or table-fields.</p>
<h2 id="formmaster-fields"><span id="anchor-3281"></span><span
id="anchor-1808"></span>form:master-fields</h2>
<p>The <em>form:master-fields</em> attribute specifies the names of the
columns in the result set represented by a parent form. Each time the
parent form changes the current row, the nested form queries the
database again based on the values of the master fields. </p>
<p>The attribute contains a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA) separated list of
field names.</p>
<p>The <em>form:master-fields</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:master-fields</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formmax-length"><span id="anchor-3282"></span><span
id="anchor-1827"></span>form:max-length</h2>
<p>The <em>form:max-length</em> attribute specifies the maximum number
of characters that a user can enter in an input control. </p>
<p>The <em>form:max-length</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a> and <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:max-length</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formmax-value"><span id="anchor-3283"></span><span
id="anchor-1841"></span>form:max-value</h2>
<h3 id="general-73"><span id="anchor-3284"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>form:max-value</em> attribute specifies the maximum value
that a user can enter.</p>
<h3 id="formdate-1"><span id="anchor-3285"></span><span
id="attribute-form:max-value_element-form:date"></span>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:max-value</em> attribute is
<em>date</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:max-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:max-value</em> attribute has the data type <em>date</em>
<a href="#anchor-295">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formformatted-text-1"><span id="anchor-3286"></span><span
id="attribute-form:max-value_element-form:formatted-text"></span>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:max-value</em> attribute is
<em>string</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:max-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:max-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formnumber-and-formvalue-range"><span
id="anchor-3287"></span><span
id="attribute-form:max-value_element-form:value-range"></span><span
id="attribute-form:max-value_element-form:number"></span>&lt;form:number&gt;
and &lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:max-value</em> attribute is
<em>double</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:max-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>
and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:max-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formtime-1"><span id="anchor-3288"></span><span
id="attribute-form:max-value_element-form:time"></span>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:max-value</em> attribute is
<em>time</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:max-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:max-value</em> attribute has the data type <em>time</em>
<a href="#datatype-time">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formmin-value"><span id="anchor-3289"></span><span
id="anchor-1842"></span>form:min-value</h2>
<h3 id="general-74"><span id="anchor-3290"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>form:min-value</em> attribute specifies the minimum value
that a user can enter.</p>
<h3 id="formdate-2"><span id="anchor-3291"></span><span
id="attribute-form:min-value_element-form:date"></span>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:min-value</em> attribute is
<em>date</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:min-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:min-value</em> attribute has the data type <em>date</em>
<a href="#anchor-295">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formformatted-text-2"><span id="anchor-3292"></span><span
id="attribute-form:min-value_element-form:formatted-text"></span>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:min-value</em> attribute is
<em>string</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:min-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:min-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formnumber-and-formvalue-range-1"><span
id="anchor-3293"></span><span
id="attribute-form:min-value_element-form:value-range"></span><span
id="attribute-form:min-value_element-form:number"></span>&lt;form:number&gt;
and &lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:min-value</em> attribute is
<em>double</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:min-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>
and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:min-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formtime-2"><span id="anchor-3294"></span><span
id="attribute-form:min-value_element-form:time"></span>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:min-value</em> attribute is
<em>time</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:min-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:min-value</em> attribute has the data type <em>time</em>
<a href="#datatype-time">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formmethod"><span id="anchor-3295"></span><span
id="anchor-1809"></span>form:method</h2>
<p>The <em>form:method</em> attribute specifies the HTTP method <a
href="#nref-rfc2616">[RFC2616]</a> used to submit data in a form to a
server. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:method</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>get: HTTP get method.</li>
<li>post: HTTP post method.</li>
<li>a value of type string</li>
</ul>
<p>These values are not case sensitive.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is get.</p>
<p>The <em>form:method</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:method</em> attribute are get, post or a
value of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formmulti-line"><span id="anchor-3296"></span><span
id="anchor-1852"></span>form:multi-line</h2>
<p>The <em>form:multi-line</em> attribute specifies whether a label is
displayed on multiple lines.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:multi-line</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: label is not displayed over multiple lines.</li>
<li>true: label is displayed over multiple lines.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:multi-line</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:multi-line</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formmultiple"><span id="anchor-3297"></span><span
id="anchor-1865"></span>form:multiple</h2>
<p>The <em>form:multiple</em> attribute specifies whether a user can
select multiple items from a list box.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:multiple</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: multiple items cannot be selected from a list box.</li>
<li>true: multiple items can be selected from a list box.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:multiple</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:multiple</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formname"><span id="anchor-3298"></span><span
id="anchor-1810"></span>form:name</h2>
<p>The <em>form:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a form or
control element. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This may be used to give a form or control element an identity,
which can be used for scripting or for submitting the content of
controls.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>form:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1317">13.5.25</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formnavigation-mode"><span id="anchor-3299"></span><span
id="anchor-1811"></span>form:navigation-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>form:navigation-mode</em> attribute specifies methods for
navigation of a database aware form. </p>
<p>The defined values of the <em>form:navigation-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>current: an user interface is provided and the navigation is
performed on the current form.</li>
<li>none: a user interface is not provided, but the form may be
navigated using the TAB and SHIFT/TAB keys on the keyboard.</li>
<li>parent: a user interface is provided and the navigation is performed
on the parent form of the current form.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>form:navigation-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:navigation-mode</em> attribute are none,
current or parent.</p>
<h2 id="formorder"><span id="anchor-3300"></span><span
id="anchor-1812"></span>form:order</h2>
<p>The <em>form:order</em> attribute specifies a sort criteria for a
command. </p>
<p>The <em>form:order</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:order</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formorientation"><span id="anchor-3301"></span><span
id="anchor-1894"></span>form:orientation</h2>
<p>The <em>form:orientation</em> attribute specifies the orientation of
a control,</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:orientation</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>horizontal: control is oriented horizontally.</li>
<li>vertical: control is oriented vertically.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>form:orientation</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:orientation</em> attribute are horizontal
or vertical.</p>
<h2 id="formpage-step-size"><span id="anchor-3302"></span><span
id="anchor-1895"></span>form:page-step-size</h2>
<p>The <em>form:page-step-size</em> attribute specifies the preferred
major value change offered ioffered the user (if applicable for the
control used). </p>
<p>The <em>form:page-step-size</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:page-step-size</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formprintable"><span id="anchor-3303"></span><span
id="anchor-1828"></span>form:printable</h2>
<p>The <em>form:printable</em> attribute specifies whether a control is
printed when a user prints a document containing the control. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:printable</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: control not printed when a document containing the control is
printed.</li>
<li>true: control printed when a document containing the control is
printed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>form:printable</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:printable</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formproperty-name"><span id="anchor-3304"></span><span
id="anchor-1903"></span>form:property-name</h2>
<p>The <em>form:property-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
property element. The name is unique within all
<em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em>
child elements of a <em>&lt;form:properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1815">13.7</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>form:property-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1900">13.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1901">13.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:property-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formreadonly"><span id="anchor-3305"></span><span
id="anchor-1829"></span>form:readonly</h2>
<p>The <em>form:readonly</em> attribute specifies whether a user can
modify the value of a control. </p>
<p>Read-only controls are included in a tabbing navigation sequence.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:readonly</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: a user cannot modify the value of a control. </li>
<li>true: a user can modify the value of a control.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:readonly</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a> and <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:readonly</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formrepeat"><span id="anchor-3306"></span><span
id="anchor-1843"></span>form:repeat</h2>
<p>The <em>form:repeat</em> attribute specifies whether a form control,
or a part of a form control, repeats a defined action in response a
continuous action by a user.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:repeat</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: continuous action results in one defined action.</li>
<li>true: continuous action results in repeating the defined
action.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Pressing and holding any key is an example of a continuous
action by a user. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>form:repeat</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:repeat</em> attribute has the data type <em>boolean</em>
<a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formselected"><span id="anchor-3307"></span><span
id="anchor-1870"></span>form:selected</h2>
<p>The <em>form:selected</em> attribute specifies the default state of a
radio button or option. A control initializes to the default state
specified by this attribute control. </p>
<p>In a group of radio buttons that share the same name, only one radio
button can have a <em>form:selected</em> attribute set to true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:selected</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: not the default state of a radio button or option. </li>
<li>true: default state of a radio button or option.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:selected</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1867">13.5.14</a> and <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:selected</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formsize"><span id="anchor-3308"></span><span
id="anchor-1858"></span>form:size</h2>
<p>The <em>form:size</em> attribute specifies the number of rows that
are visible at a time in a combo box list or a list box list.</p>
<p>The <em>form:size</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a> and <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:size</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formsource-cell-range"><span id="anchor-3309"></span><span
id="anchor-1859"></span>form:source-cell-range</h2>
<p>The <em>form:source-cell-range</em> attribute specifies a rectangular
cell range, whose content should be synchronized with a form control’s
item list. The form control reacts to changes in the cell range, that
is, it adjusts its item list as the cell range's content changes.</p>
<p>The attribute specifies a cell range using cellRangeAddress or with
the a name of a named cell range. It displays the left-most columns of a
range, if the range contains more columns than a form control can
display. </p>
<p>The <em>form:source-cell-range</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a> and <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:source-cell-range</em> attribute are a
value of type <em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a> or a value of type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formspin-button"><span id="anchor-3310"></span><span
id="anchor-1844"></span>form:spin-button</h2>
<p>The <em>form:spin-button</em> attribute specifies whether a form
control for input has spin buttons. Spin buttons are used to increment
or decrement all or part of an input value.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:spin-button</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: form control does not have spin buttons. </li>
<li>true: form control has spin buttons. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:spin-button</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>,
<em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a> and
<em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:spin-button</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formstate"><span id="anchor-3311"></span><span
id="anchor-1884"></span>form:state</h2>
<p>The <em>form:state</em> attribute specifies the default state of a
check box control. A check box control initializes to the default state
specified by this attribute. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:state</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>checked: default state of a check box control. </li>
<li>unchecked: check box control has no default state.</li>
<li>unknown: state of check box control is not known. This value is
available only if the value of the <em>form:is-tristate</em> <a
href="#anchor-1883">19.281</a> attribute on this check box control is
true. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is unchecked.</p>
<p>The <em>form:state</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:state</em> attribute are unchecked,
checked or unknown.</p>
<h2 id="formstep-size"><span id="anchor-3312"></span><span
id="anchor-1896"></span>form:step-size</h2>
<p>The <em>form:step-size</em> attribute specifies the preferred minor
value change offered the user (if applicable for the control used).</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>form:step-size</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:step-size</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formtab-cycle"><span id="anchor-3313"></span><span
id="anchor-1813"></span>form:tab-cycle</h2>
<p>The <em>form:tab-cycle</em> attribute specifies how the consumer
responds when the user presses the TAB key in the controls in a form.
The behavior of the consumer depends on whether the form is bound to a
data source.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:tab-cycle</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>current: If a user presses the TAB key in the last control of the
form, the focus moves to the first control specified in the tab order of
the same form. If the form is data aware (<a
href="#anchor-3314">13.1</a>), then the current row of the result set
subject to the form is not changed. </li>
<li>page: If a user presses the TAB key in the last control of a form,
the focus moves to the first control specified in the tab order for the
next form.</li>
<li>records: If a user presses the TAB key in the last control of the
form, the focus moves to the first control specified in the tab order of
the same form. If the form is data aware (<a href="#anchor-3314"></a><a
href="#anchor-3314"></a><a href="#anchor-3314">13.1</a>), then the
current row of the result set subject to the form moves to the next row.
</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>form:tab-cycle</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:tab-cycle</em> attribute are records,
current or page.</p>
<h2 id="formtab-index"><span id="anchor-3315"></span><span
id="anchor-1830"></span>form:tab-index</h2>
<p>The <em>form:tab-index</em> attribute specifies the tabbing
navigation order of controls within a form. <span
id="anchor-3316"></span>Tabbing order is the order of focus on controls
when a user navigates the form using the TAB key on the keyboard.
Elements within other elements can be included in a tabbing order.
Values do not have to be sequential and they do not have to begin with a
particular value. </p>
<p>The rules of tab navigation are: </p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Controls that have the <em>form:disabled</em> <a
href="#anchor-1824">19.268</a> attribute set to true are not included in
the navigation, independent of their <em>form:tab-index</em> value.
</li>
<li>Controls that have the same values for the <em>form:tab-index</em>
attribute are navigated in order of their position in the form. </li>
<li>The navigation starts with the controls with lowest non-zero
<em>form:tab-index</em> value. </li>
<li>When the controls with a certain <em>form:tab-index</em> value have
been navigated, navigation continues with the controls with the next
highest value. </li>
<li>After the controls with the highest value have been navigated,
navigation continues with the controls that do not contain the
<em>form:tab-index</em> attribute or contain the attribute with a value
of 0. </li>
</ol>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<p>The <em>form:tab-index</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:tab-index</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formtab-stop"><span id="anchor-3317"></span><span
id="anchor-1831"></span>form:tab-stop</h2>
<p>The <em>form:tab-stop</em> attribute specifies whether a control is
included in the tabbing navigation order. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:tab-stop</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: control is not included in tabbing navigation order. </li>
<li>true: control is included in tabbing navigation order.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>form:tab-stop</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:tab-stop</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formtext-style-name"><span id="anchor-3318"></span><span
id="anchor-1892"></span>form:text-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>form:text-style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph
style that is applied to all controls for a column. A paragraph style
for a form may reference a data style. </p>
<p>The <em>form:text-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:text-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formtitle"><span id="anchor-3319"></span><span
id="anchor-1832"></span>form:title</h2>
<p>The <em>form:title</em> attribute contains additional information
about a control. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The value of the attribute may be used as a "tool tip" (a short
message that appears when the pointing device pauses over the form
element). Audio user agents may speak the title information in a similar
context. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>form:title</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:title</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formtoggle"><span id="anchor-3320"></span><span
id="anchor-1878"></span>form:toggle</h2>
<p>The <em>form:toggle</em> attribute specifies whether a form button
control acts as a push button or as a toggle button. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: A toggle button is similar to a check box (in fact, it could be
considered a different visual representation of a check box), in that
operating it once, by either mouse or keyboard, toggles its state
between "pressed" and "not pressed". </p>
</blockquote>
<p>A push button triggers an action, which happens every time the user
operates the button. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:toggle</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: form button control acts as push button. </li>
<li>true: form button control acts as a toggle button.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:toggle</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:toggle</em> attribute has the data type <em>boolean</em>
<a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formvalidation"><span id="anchor-3321"></span><span
id="anchor-1845"></span>form:validation</h2>
<p>The <em>form:validation</em> attribute specifies whether the text
that the user enters is validated during input against the input format
associated with the control. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:validation</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>true: invalid content is detected during input.</li>
<li>false: invalid content is not detected during input.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>form:validation</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:validation</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formvalue"><span id="anchor-3322"></span><span
id="anchor-1833"></span>form:value</h2>
<h3 id="general-75"><span id="anchor-3323"></span>General </h3>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute specifies the default value of an
input control. </p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1867">13.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formbutton-1"><span id="anchor-3324"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:button"></span>&lt;form:button&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:value</em> attribute is
<em>boolean</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formdate-3"><span id="anchor-3325"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:date"></span>&lt;form:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:value</em> attribute is
<em>date</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute has the data type <em>date</em> <a
href="#anchor-295">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formnumber-and-formvalue-range-2"><span
id="anchor-3326"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:number"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:value-range"></span>&lt;form:number&gt;
and &lt;form:value-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:value</em> attribute is
<em>number</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>
and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute has the data type <em>double</em>
<a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3
id="formcheckbox-formcombobox-formfile-formformatted-text-formhidden-formimage-formoption-formpassword-formradio-formtext-formtextarea"><span
id="anchor-3327"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:text"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:radio"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:combobox"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:password"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:textarea"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:image"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:file"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:hidden"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:checkbox"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:option"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:formatted-text"></span>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;,
&lt;form:combobox&gt;, &lt;form:file&gt;, &lt;form:formatted-text&gt;,
&lt;form:hidden&gt;, &lt;form:image&gt;, &lt;form:option&gt;,
&lt;form:password&gt;, &lt;form:radio&gt;, &lt;form:text&gt;,
&lt;form:textarea&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:value</em> attribute is
<em>string</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1867">13.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a> and <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formtime-3"><span id="anchor-3328"></span><span
id="attribute-form:value_element-form:time"></span>&lt;form:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The value type of the <em>form:value</em> attribute is
<em>time</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:value</em> attribute has the data type <em>time</em> <a
href="#datatype-time">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formvisual-effect"><span id="anchor-3329"></span><span
id="anchor-1885"></span>form:visual-effect</h2>
<p>The <em>form:visual-effect</em> attributes specifies a visual effect
to apply to a control. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>form:visual-effect</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>3d: 3D visual effect.</li>
<li>flat: flat visual effect.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>form:visual-effect</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a> and <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>form:visual-effect</em> attribute are flat or
3d.</p>
<h2 id="formxforms-list-source"><span id="anchor-3330"></span><span
id="anchor-1866"></span>form:xforms-list-source</h2>
<p>The <em>form:xforms-list-source</em> attribute specifies a reference
to an <em>xform:bind</em> attribute, and creates a list entry for each
node in the node-set defined by that attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>form:xforms-list-source</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:xforms-list-source</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="formxforms-submission"><span id="anchor-3331"></span><span
id="anchor-1879"></span>form:xforms-submission</h2>
<p>The <em>form:xforms-submission</em> attribute specifies the
<em>id</em> of an <em>&lt;xforms:submission&gt;</em> (3.3.3 of <a
href="#nref-xforms">[XForms]</a>) child element of a
<em>&lt;xforms:model&gt;</em> element for a <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a> control. </p>
<p>The <em>form:xforms-submission</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>form:xforms-submission</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="grddltransformation"><span id="anchor-3332"></span><span
id="anchor-47"></span>grddl:transformation</h2>
<p>The <em>grddl:transformation</em> attributes link to a transformation
for extracting RDF data from the document. See <span class="citation"
data-cites="GRDDL">[GRDDL]</span>.</p>
<blockquote>
<p><span id="anchor-3333"></span>Note: This transformation is intended
to be interpreted by consumers that do not support OpenDocument. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The referenced transformations should map OpenDocument elements that
are children of the <em>&lt;office:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-52">3.2</a> element to RDF. They should also extract the
RDF triples stored as RDFa attributes in the document content and
styles. </p>
<p> Please check the <a
href="http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=office">OASIS
Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC's</a> web
site for GRDDL transformations provided by the OASIS Open Document
Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC. </p>
<p>The <em>grddl:transformation</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-12">3.1.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-15">3.1.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-16">3.1.3.5</a> and
<em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-14">3.1.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>grddl:transformation</em> attribute is a white
space separated lists of values of type <em>anyIRI</em> <a
href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>, including the empty list.</p>
<h2 id="metacell-count"><span id="anchor-3334"></span><span
id="anchor-276"></span>meta:cell-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:cell-count</em> attribute specifies the number of table
cells that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<p>The <em>meta:cell-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:cell-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metacharacter-count"><span id="anchor-3335"></span><span
id="anchor-277"></span>meta:character-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:character-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
characters that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<p><span id="anchor-3336"></span>The value of the
<em>meta:character-count</em> attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:character-count</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:character-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metadate"><span id="anchor-3337"></span><span
id="anchor-259"></span>meta:date</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:date</em> attribute specifies the date and time when a
template was last modified, prior to being used to create the current
document.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:date</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-82">4.3.2.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:date</em> attribute has the data type <em>dateTime</em>
<a href="#anchor-255">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metadelay"><span id="anchor-3338"></span><span
id="anchor-265"></span>meta:delay</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:delay</em> attribute specifies a reload delay.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:delay</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:delay</em> attribute has the data type <em>duration</em>
<a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metadraw-count"><span id="anchor-3339"></span><span
id="anchor-278"></span>meta:draw-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:draw-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
drawing shapes that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.
</p>
<p>The <em>meta:draw-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:draw-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metaframe-count"><span id="anchor-3340"></span><span
id="anchor-279"></span>meta:frame-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:frame-count</em> attribute specifies the number of text
boxes that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<p>The <em>meta:frame-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:frame-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metaimage-count"><span id="anchor-3341"></span><span
id="anchor-280"></span>meta:image-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:image-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
images that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:image-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:image-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metaname"><span id="anchor-3342"></span><span
id="anchor-292"></span>meta:name</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a metadata
element. The name shall be unique within the domain of
<em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-83">4.3.3</a>
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-83">4.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metanon-whitespace-character-count"><span
id="anchor-3343"></span><span
id="anchor-281"></span>meta:non-whitespace-character-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:non-whitespace-character-count</em> attribute specifies
the number of non-white space characters that an OpenDocument producer
has counted in a document.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>meta:non-whitespace-character-count</em>
attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:non-whitespace-character-count</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:non-whitespace-character-count</em> attribute has the
data type <em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a
href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metaobject-count"><span id="anchor-3344"></span><span
id="anchor-282"></span>meta:object-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:object-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
embedded objects stored in OpenDocument format that the OpenDocument
producer has counted for the document.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:object-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:object-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metaole-object-count"><span id="anchor-3345"></span><span
id="anchor-283"></span>meta:ole-object-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:ole-object-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
embedded objects stored in a different format than OpenDocument that the
OpenDocument producer has counted for the document.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:ole-object-count</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:ole-object-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metapage-count"><span id="anchor-3346"></span><span
id="anchor-284"></span>meta:page-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:page-count</em> attribute specifies the number of pages
that an OpenDocument producer has calculated for a document.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>meta:page-count</em> attribute is
implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The <em>meta:page-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:page-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metaparagraph-count"><span id="anchor-3347"></span><span
id="anchor-285"></span>meta:paragraph-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:paragraph-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
paragraphs that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:paragraph-count</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:paragraph-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metarow-count"><span id="anchor-3348"></span><span
id="anchor-286"></span>meta:row-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:row-count</em> attribute specifies the number of lines
contained in a document instance. </p>
<p>The value of the <em>meta:row-count</em> attribute is
implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:row-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:row-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metasentence-count"><span id="anchor-3349"></span><span
id="anchor-287"></span>meta:sentence-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:sentence-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
sentences that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>meta:sentence-count</em> attribute is
implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:sentence-count</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:sentence-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metasyllable-count"><span id="anchor-3350"></span><span
id="anchor-288"></span>meta:syllable-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:syllable-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
syllables that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>meta:syllable-count</em> attribute is
implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:syllable-count</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:syllable-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metatable-count"><span id="anchor-3351"></span><span
id="anchor-289"></span>meta:table-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:table-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
<em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> elements counted in a document. </p>
<p>The <em>meta:table-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:table-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metavalue-type"><span id="anchor-3352"></span><span
id="anchor-293"></span>meta:value-type</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:value-type</em> attribute specifies the type of a
metadata element. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>meta:value-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>boolean: <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a></li>
<li>date: <a href="#anchor-295">18.2</a></li>
<li>float: <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a></li>
<li>time: <a href="#datatype-time">18.2</a></li>
<li>string: <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The default type for meta-data elements is string.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:value-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-83">4.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="metaword-count"><span id="anchor-3353"></span><span
id="anchor-290"></span>meta:word-count</h2>
<p>The <em>meta:word-count</em> attribute specifies the number of words
that an OpenDocument producer has counted in a document. </p>
<p>The value of the <em>meta:word-count</em> attribute is
implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:word-count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:document-statistic&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-73">4.3.2.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>meta:word-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberautomatic-order"><span id="anchor-3354"></span><span
id="anchor-2176"></span>number:automatic-order</h2>
<p>The <span id="anchor-3355"></span><em>number:automatic-order</em>
attribute specifies whether data is ordered to match the default order
for the language and country of a data style. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>number:automatic-order</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: data is not ordered to match the default order for the
language and country of a data style.</li>
<li>true: data is ordered to match the default order for the language
and country of a data style.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>number:automatic-order</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a> and <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:automatic-order</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbercalendar"><span id="anchor-3356"></span><span
id="anchor-2194"></span>number:calendar</h2>
<p>The <em>number:calendar</em> attribute specifies the calendar system
used to extract parts of a date. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>number:calendar</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>buddhist: Buddhist calendar, identical to Gregorian calendar but add
543 years to the Gregorian date. </li>
<li>gengou: Japanese Gengou calendar, Emperor eras. Identical to
Gregorian calendar but with different eras for each emperor. Consumers
may implement only the modern eras starting 1868, Meiji, Taisho, Showa
and Heisei. Earlier dates are then displayed using the Gregorian
calendar <span class="citation" data-cites="JIS X 0301">[JIS X
0301]</span>.</li>
<li>gregorian: Gregorian calendar with cut-off date 1582-10-04,
1582-10-15 following. Dates before cut-off date are calculated in Julian
proleptic calendar <span class="citation"
data-cites="ISO8601">[ISO8601]</span>, Section 2.4.1.</li>
<li>hanja: Additional Gregorian calendar in Korean locales, uses
differently localized day and month names. </li>
<li>hanja_yoil: Legacy alias for hanja</li>
<li>hijri: Islamic Hijri lunar calendar (religious, non-civil). </li>
<li>jewish: Jewish lunisolar calendar. </li>
<li>ROC: Taiwanese Minguo calendar, identical to Gregorian calendar but
substract 1911 years from the Gregorian date. </li>
</ul>
<p>The attribute value may also be a string value. If this attribute is
not specified, the default calendar system for the locale of the data
style is used.</p>
<p>The <em>number:calendar</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;number:day&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2183">16.29.12</a>, <em>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2184">16.29.16</a>, <em>&lt;number:era&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2185">16.29.15</a>, <em>&lt;number:month&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2188">16.29.13</a>, <em>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2189">16.29.18</a>, <em>&lt;number:week-of-year&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2191">16.29.17</a> and <em>&lt;number:year&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2192">16.29.14</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:calendar</em> attribute are gregorian,
gengou, ROC, hanja_yoil, hanja, hijri, jewish, buddhist or a value of
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbercountry"><span id="anchor-3357"></span><span
id="anchor-2140"></span>number:country</h2>
<p>The <em>number:country</em> attribute specifies a country code for a
data style. The country code is used for formatting properties whose
evaluation is locale-dependent.</p>
<p>If a country is not specified, the system settings are used. </p>
<p>The <em>number:country</em> attribute on a
<em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> element, specifies the country
of a currency symbol. </p>
<p>The <em>number:country</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>,
<em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2177">16.29.9</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:country</em> attribute has the data type
<em>countryCode</em> <a href="#datatype-countryCode">18.3.11</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberdecimal-places"><span id="anchor-3358"></span><span
id="anchor-2156"></span>number:decimal-places</h2>
<h3 id="general-76"><span id="anchor-3359"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute specifies the number of
decimal places to display. </p>
<h3 id="numbernumber-1"><span id="anchor-3360"></span><span
id="attribute-number:decimal-places_element-number:number"></span>&lt;number:number&gt;</h3>
<p>If the <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute is not specified, the
number of decimal places specified by the default table cell style is
used.</p>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numberseconds-1"><span id="anchor-3361"></span><span
id="attribute-number:decimal-places_element-number:seconds"></span>&lt;number:seconds&gt;
</h3>
<p>If the <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute is not specified or
if the value of the attribute is 0, seconds are not displayed.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> element the default value for
this attribute is 0.</p>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2190">16.29.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numberscientific-number-1"><span id="anchor-3362"></span><span
id="attribute-number:decimal-places_element-number:scientific-number"></span>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute specifies the number of
decimal places to display.</p>
<p>If the <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute is not specified, the
number of decimal places specified by the default table cell style is
used.</p>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2153">16.29.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-places</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberdecimal-replacement"><span id="anchor-3363"></span><span
id="anchor-2157"></span>number:decimal-replacement</h2>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-replacement</em> attribute specifies a
replacement text for decimal places if a number style specifies that
decimal places are used but the number displayed is an integer. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: What replacement text is supported is implementation-dependent.
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-replacement</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:decimal-replacement</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberdenominator-value"><span id="anchor-3364"></span><span
id="anchor-2171"></span>number:denominator-value</h2>
<p>The <em>number:denominator-value</em> attribute specifies an integer
value that is used as the denominator of a fraction. If this attribute
is not present, a denominator that is appropriate for displaying the
number is used.</p>
<p>Note: The <em>number:denominator-value</em> attribute is used with
<em>number:grouping</em> <a href="#anchor-2159">19.350</a>,
<em>number:min-denominator-digits</em> <a
href="#anchor-2173">19.353</a>, <em>number:min-integer-digits</em> <a
href="#anchor-2161">19.355</a> and <em>number:min-numerator-digits</em>
<a href="#anchor-2174">19.357</a> to define the display of a
floating-point number as a fraction. </p>
<p>The <em>number:denominator-value</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2151">16.29.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:denominator-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberdisplay-factor"><span id="anchor-3365"></span><span
id="anchor-2158"></span>number:display-factor</h2>
<p>The <em>number:display-factor</em> attribute specifies a factor by
which each number is scaled (divided) before displaying.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>number:display-factor</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:display-factor</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberexponent-interval"><span id="anchor-3366"></span><span
id="anchor-2167"></span>number:exponent-interval</h2>
<p>The <em>number:exponent-interval</em> attribute determines the valid
exponents to be used: the valid exponents are the integer multiples of
the value of the <em>number:exponent-interval</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>number:exponent-interval</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2153">16.29.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:exponent-interval</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberformat-source"><span id="anchor-3367"></span><span
id="anchor-2181"></span>number:format-source</h2>
<p>The <em>number:format-source</em> attribute specifies the source of
definitions of the short and long display formats. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>fixed: the values short and long of the <em>number:style</em>
attribute are defined by this standard. </li>
<li>language: the meaning of the values long and short of the
<em>number:style</em> attribute depend upon the <em>number:language</em>
and <em>number:country</em> attributes of the date style. If neither of
those attributes are specified, consumers should use their default
locale for short and long date and time formats.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is fixed.</p>
<p>The <em>number:format-source</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a> and <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute are fixed
or language.</p>
<h2 id="numberforced-exponent-sign"><span id="anchor-3368"></span><span
id="anchor-2168"></span>number:forced-exponent-sign</h2>
<p>The <em>number:forced-exponent-sign</em> attribute specifies whether
the sign of the exponent for a scientific number is always displayed.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>number:forced-exponent-sign</em>
attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li>false: the exponent sign is displayed only for a negative value of
the exponent, otherwise it is not displayed.</li>
<li>true: the exponent sign is always displayed regardless of the value
of exponent. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true. </p>
<p>The <em>number:forced-exponent-sign</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2153">16.29.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:forced-exponent-sign</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbergrouping"><span id="anchor-3369"></span><span
id="anchor-2159"></span>number:grouping</h2>
<p>The <em>number:grouping</em> attribute specifies whether the integer
digits of a number should be grouped using a separator character. </p>
<p>The grouping character that is used and the number of digits that are
grouped together depends on the language and country of the style.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>number:grouping</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: integer digits of a number are not grouped using a separator
character.</li>
<li>true: integer digits of a number should be grouped by a separator
character.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>number:grouping</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2151">16.29.7</a>, <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a> and
<em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2153">16.29.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:grouping</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberlanguage"><span id="anchor-3370"></span><span
id="anchor-2141"></span>number:language</h2>
<p>The <em>number:language</em> attribute specifies a language code. The
country code is used for formatting properties whose evaluation is
locale-dependent.</p>
<p>If a language code is not specified, either the system settings or
the setting for the system's language are used, depending on the
property whose value should be evaluated.</p>
<p>The <em>number:language</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>,
<em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2177">16.29.9</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:language</em> attribute has the data type
<em>languageCode</em> <a href="#datatype-languageCode">18.3.17</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbermax-denominator-value"><span id="anchor-3371"></span><span
id="anchor-2172"></span>number:max-denominator-value</h2>
<p>The number:max-denominator-value attribute specifies the maximum
denominator permitted to be chosen if its &lt;number:fraction&gt;
element does not have a number:denominator-value attribute. The
number:max-denominator-value attribute is ignored in the presence of a
number:denominator-value <a href="#anchor-2171">19.345</a> attribute.
The absence of the number:max-denominator-value attribute indicates that
no maximum denominator is specified. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The <em>number:max-denominator-value</em> attribute is used
with number:grouping 19.348, <em>number:min-denominator-digits</em>
19.350, <em>number:min-integer-digits</em> 19.352 and
<em>number:min-numerator-digits</em> 19.353 to define the display of a
floating-point number as a fraction.</p>
<p>Note: A <em>number:max-denominator-value</em> attribute value of 99
is equivalent to permitting any 1- or 2-digit denominator. A
<em>number:max-denominator-value</em> attribute value of 999 is
equivalent to permitting any 1, 2, or 3 digit denominator. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>number:max-denominator-value</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2151">16.29.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:max-denominator-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbermin-denominator-digits"><span
id="anchor-3372"></span><span
id="anchor-2173"></span>number:min-denominator-digits</h2>
<p>The <em>number:min-denominator-digits</em> attribute specifies the
minimum number of digits to use to display the denominator of a
fraction.</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-denominator-digits</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2151">16.29.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-denominator-digits</em> attribute has the data
type <em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbermin-exponent-digits"><span id="anchor-3373"></span><span
id="anchor-2169"></span>number:min-exponent-digits</h2>
<p>The <em>number:min-exponent-digits</em> attribute specifies the
minimum number of digits to use to display an exponent.</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-exponent-digits</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2153">16.29.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-exponent-digits</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbermin-integer-digits"><span id="anchor-3374"></span><span
id="anchor-2161"></span>number:min-integer-digits</h2>
<p>The <em>number:min-integer-digits</em> attribute specifies the
minimum number of integer digits to display in the integer portion of a
number, a scientific number, or a fraction. </p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> element, if the
<em>number:min-integer-digits</em> attribute is not present, no integer
portion is displayed. </p>
<p>The <em>number:min-integer-digits</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2151">16.29.7</a>, <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a> and
<em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2153">16.29.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-integer-digits</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbermin-decimal-places"><span id="anchor-3375"></span><span
id="anchor-2160"></span><span
id="number:min-decimal-places"></span>number:min-decimal-places</h2>
<h3 id="general-77"><span id="anchor-3376"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> attribute specifies the
minimum number of digits in the decimal part.</p>
<p><br />
The value of the <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> attribute shall not
be greater than the value of the <em>number:decimal-places</em> <a
href="#anchor-2156">19.343</a> attribute. </p>
<p><br />
If the value of <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> is less than the
value of <em>number:decimal-places</em>, trailing zero digits in decimal
places following the position indicated by the value of
<em>number:min-decimal-places</em> shall not be displayed. </p>
<h3 id="numbernumber-2"><span id="anchor-3377"></span><span
id="attribute-number:min-decimal-places_element-number:number"></span>&lt;number:number&gt;</h3>
<p>If the <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> attribute is not specified,
it is set to: </p>
<ul>
<li>0, if the value of the <em>number:decimal-replacement</em> attribute
is the empty string. </li>
<li>the value of the <em>number:decimal-places attribute</em> in other
cases. </li>
</ul>
<p>If both <em>number:decimal-replacement</em> <a
href="#anchor-2157">19.344</a> and <em>number:min-decimal-places</em>
attributes are present, and the number displayed is an integer, then the
value of <em>number:decimal-replacement</em> shall be displayed.<br />
</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="numberscientific-number-2"><span id="anchor-3378"></span><span
id="attribute-number:min-decimal-places_element-number:scientific-number"></span>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</h3>
<p>If the <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> attribute is not specified,
it is set to the value of the <em>number:decimal-places</em> <a
href="#anchor-2156">19.343</a> attribute.<br />
</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2153">16.29.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-decimal-places</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbermin-numerator-digits"><span id="anchor-3379"></span><span
id="anchor-2174"></span>number:min-numerator-digits</h2>
<p>The <em>number:min-numerator-digits</em> attribute specifies the
minimum number of digits to use to display the numerator in a
fraction.</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-numerator-digits</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2151">16.29.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:min-numerator-digits</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberposition"><span id="anchor-3380"></span><span
id="anchor-2164"></span>number:position</h2>
<p>The <em>number:position</em> attribute specifies the position where
text appears.</p>
<p>The index of a position starts with 1 and is counted by digits from
right to left in the integer part of a number, starting left from a
decimal separator if one exists, or from the last digit of the number.
Text is inserted before the digit at the specified position. If the
value of <em>number:position</em> attribute is greater than the value of
<em>number:min-integer-digits</em> <a href="#anchor-2161">19.355</a> and
greater than the number of integer digits in the number, text is
prepended to the number.</p>
<p>The <em>number:position</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:embedded-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2162">16.29.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberpossessive-form"><span id="anchor-3381"></span><span
id="anchor-2197"></span>number:possessive-form</h2>
<p>The <em>number:possessive-form</em> attribute specifies whether the
month is displayed as a noun or using the possessive form. </p>
<p>The <em>number:possessive-form</em> attribute is only applied when a
<em>number:textual</em> <a href="#anchor-2198">19.363</a> attribute on
the same <em>&lt;number:month&gt;</em> element has the value of
true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>number:possessive-form</em> attribute
are: </p>
<ul>
<li>false: the name of the month is displayed in nominative form. </li>
<li>true: the name of the month is displayed in possessive form. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>number:possessive-form</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:month&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2188">16.29.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:possessive-form</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberrfc-language-tag"><span id="anchor-3382"></span><span
id="anchor-2142"></span>number:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<p>The <em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute specifies a language
identifier according to the rules of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors. </p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid
combination of the <em>number:language <a
href="#anchor-2141">19.351</a></em>, <em>number:script</em> <a
href="#anchor-2143">19.361</a> and <em>number:country</em> <a
href="#anchor-2140">19.342</a> attributes. </p>
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don't support the
<em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute by specifying
<em>number:language</em>, <em>number:script</em> and
<em>number:country</em> attributes with values as close as possible to
the actual value of the <em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute.
Producers shall not use values for these attributes that contradict the
value of the <em>table:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>,
<em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2177">16.29.9</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute has the data type
<em>language</em> <a href="#anchor-270">18.3.16</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberscript"><span id="anchor-3383"></span><span
id="anchor-2143"></span>number:script</h2>
<p>The <em>number:script</em> attribute specifies a script code. The
script code is used for formatting properties whose evaluation is
locale-dependent. The attribute should be used only if necessary
according to the rules of §2.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors.</p>
<p>The <em>number:script</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>,
<em>&lt;number:currency-symbol&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2177">16.29.9</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:script</em> attribute has the data type
<em>scriptCode</em> <a href="#datatype-scriptCode">18.3.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numberstyle"><span id="anchor-3384"></span><span
id="anchor-2195"></span>number:style</h2>
<h3 id="general-78"><span id="anchor-3385"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>number:style</em> attribute specifies whether the content of
a time element is displayed in short or long format. The value of this
attribute can be short or long. The meaning of these values depends on
the value of the <em>number:format-source</em> <a
href="#anchor-2181">19.348</a> attribute that is attached to a date or
time style.</p>
<h3 id="numberday-1"><span id="anchor-3386"></span><span
id="attribute-number:style_element-number:day"></span>&lt;number:day&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute is fixed
the <em>number:style</em> attribute on the same element has the defined
values:</p>
<ul>
<li>short: the day of month is displayed using one or two digits.</li>
<li>long: the day of month is displayed using two digits.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>number:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:day&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2183">16.29.12</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:style</em> attribute are short or
long.</p>
<h3 id="numberday-of-week-1"><span id="anchor-3387"></span><span
id="attribute-number:style_element-number:day-of-week"></span>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute is fixed
the <em>number:style</em> attribute on the same element has the defined
values:</p>
<ul>
<li>short: abbreviated name of the day is displayed.</li>
<li>long: full name of the day is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>number:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:day-of-week&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2184">16.29.16</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:style</em> attribute are short or
long.</p>
<h3 id="numberera-1"><span id="anchor-3388"></span><span
id="attribute-number:style_element-number:era"></span>&lt;number:era&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute is fixed
the <em>number:style</em> attribute on the same element has the defined
values:</p>
<ul>
<li>short: abbreviated era name is used.</li>
<li>long: full era name is used.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>number:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:era&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2185">16.29.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:style</em> attribute are short or
long.</p>
<h3 id="numberhours-1"><span id="anchor-3389"></span><span
id="attribute-number:style_element-number:hours"></span>&lt;number:hours&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute is fixed
the <em>number:style</em> attribute on the same element has the defined
values:</p>
<ul>
<li>short: hours are displayed using at least one digit.</li>
<li>long: hours are displayed using at least two digits.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>number:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:hours&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2186">16.29.20</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:style</em> attribute are short or
long.</p>
<h3 id="numberminutes-1"><span id="anchor-3390"></span><span
id="attribute-number:style_element-number:minutes"></span>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute is fixed
the <em>number:style</em> attribute on the same element has the defined
values:</p>
<ul>
<li>short: minutes are displayed using at least one digit.</li>
<li>long: minutes are displayed using at least two digits.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>number:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2187">16.29.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:style</em> attribute are short or
long.</p>
<h3 id="numbermonth-1"><span id="anchor-3391"></span><span
id="attribute-number:style_element-number:month"></span>&lt;number:month&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute is fixed
the <em>number:style</em> attribute on the same element has the defined
values:</p>
<ul>
<li>short: abbreviated name of the month is displayed or the month is
displayed using one or two digits.</li>
<li>long: full name of the month is displayed or the month is displayed
using two digits.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>number:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:month&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2188">16.29.13</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:style</em> attribute are short or
long.</p>
<h3 id="numberquarter-1"><span id="anchor-3392"></span><span
id="attribute-number:style_element-number:quarter"></span>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute is fixed
the <em>number:style</em> attribute on the same element has the defined
values:</p>
<ul>
<li>short: abbreviated name of the quarter is displayed.</li>
<li>long: full name of the quarter is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>number:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:quarter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2189">16.29.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:style</em> attribute are short or
long.</p>
<h3 id="numberseconds-2"><span id="anchor-3393"></span><span
id="attribute-number:style_element-number:seconds"></span>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute is fixed
the <em>number:style</em> attribute on the same element has the defined
values:</p>
<ul>
<li>short: seconds are displayed using at least one digit.</li>
<li>long: seconds are displayed using at least two digits.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>number:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2190">16.29.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:style</em> attribute are short or
long.</p>
<h3 id="numberyear-1"><span id="anchor-3394"></span><span
id="attribute-number:style_element-number:year"></span>&lt;number:year&gt;</h3>
<p>If the value of the <em>number:format-source</em> attribute is fixed
the <em>number:style</em> attribute on the same element has the defined
values:</p>
<ul>
<li>short: year is displayed using two digits.</li>
<li>long: year is displayed using four digits.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>number:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:year&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2192">16.29.14</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:style</em> attribute are short or
long.</p>
<h2 id="numbertextual"><span id="anchor-3395"></span><span
id="anchor-2198"></span>number:textual</h2>
<p>The <em>number:textual</em> attribute specifies whether the name or
number of a month is displayed in the month portion of a date. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>number:textual</em> element are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the number of the month is displayed.</li>
<li>true: the name of the month is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The name or number of a month is defined by the
<em>number:calendar</em> <a href="#anchor-2194">19.341</a> attribute on
the same parent element as the <em>number:textual</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>number:textual</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;number:month&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2188">16.29.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:textual</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbertitle"><span id="anchor-3396"></span><span
id="anchor-2144"></span>number:title</h2>
<p>The <em>number:title</em> attribute specifies the title of a data
style.</p>
<p>The <em>number:title</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:title</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbertransliteration-country"><span
id="anchor-3397"></span><span
id="anchor-2145"></span>number:transliteration-country</h2>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-country</em> attribute specifies a
country code in conformance with <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>.</p>
<p>If no language/country (locale) combination is specified, the locale
of the data style is used.</p>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-country</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-country</em> attribute has the data
type <em>countryCode</em> <a
href="#datatype-countryCode">18.3.11</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbertransliteration-format"><span
id="anchor-3398"></span><span
id="anchor-2146"></span>number:transliteration-format</h2>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-format</em> attribute specifies which
number characters to use. </p>
<p>The value of the <em>number:transliteration-format</em> attribute
shall be a decimal "DIGIT ONE" character with numeric value 1 as listed
in the Unicode Character Database file UnicodeData.txt with value 'Nd'
(Numeric decimal digit) in the General_Category/Numeric_Type property
field 6 and value '1' in the Numeric_Value fields 7 and 8, respectively
as listed in DerivedNumericValues.txt</p>
<p>If no format is specified the default ASCII representation of
Latin-Indic digits is used, other transliteration attributes present in
that case are ignored.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-format</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-format</em> attribute has the data
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbertransliteration-language"><span
id="anchor-3399"></span><span
id="anchor-2147"></span>number:transliteration-language</h2>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-language</em> attribute specifies a
language code in conformance with <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>.</p>
<p>If no language/country (locale) combination is specified, the locale
of the data style is used.</p>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-language</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-language</em> attribute has the data
type <em>countryCode</em> <a
href="#datatype-countryCode">18.3.11</a>.</p>
<h2 id="numbertransliteration-style"><span id="anchor-3400"></span><span
id="anchor-2148"></span>number:transliteration-style</h2>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-style</em> attribute specifies the
transliteration format of a number system.</p>
<p>The semantics of the values of the
<em>number:transliteration-style</em> attribute are locale- and
implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is short.</p>
<p>The <em>number:transliteration-style</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>number:transliteration-style</em> attribute are
short, medium or long.</p>
<h2 id="numbertruncate-on-overflow"><span id="anchor-3401"></span><span
id="anchor-2205"></span>number:truncate-on-overflow</h2>
<p>The <em>number:truncate-on-overflow</em> attribute specifies if a
time or duration for which the value to be displayed by the largest time
component specified in the style is too large to be displayed using the
value range for <em>&lt;number:hours&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2186">16.29.20</a> (0 to 23), or
<em>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2187">16.29.21</a> or
<em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2190">16.29.22</a> (0
to 59) is truncated or if the value range of this component is extended.
The largest time component is those for which a value of "1" represents
the longest period of time.</p>
<p>If a value gets truncated, then its value is displayed modulo 24 (for
<em>&lt;number:hours&gt;</em>) or modulo 60 (for
<em>&lt;number:minutes&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em>).
</p>
<p>If the value range of a component get extended, then values larger
than 23 or 59 are displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>number:truncate-on-overflow</em>
element are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the value range of the component is extended.</li>
<li>true: the value range of the component is not extended.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>number:truncate-on-overflow</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>number:truncate-on-overflow</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officeautomatic-update"><span id="anchor-3402"></span><span
id="anchor-1927"></span>office:automatic-update</h2>
<p>The <em>office:automatic-update</em> attribute specifies if DDE links
are automatically updated or only upon user request. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>office:automatic-update</em> element
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: DDE links are updated on user request only.</li>
<li>true: DDE links are updated automatically.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>office:automatic-update</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-474">14.7.5</a> and
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1925">14.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:automatic-update</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officeboolean-value"><span id="anchor-3403"></span><span
id="anchor-606"></span>office:boolean-value</h2>
<p>The <em>office:boolean-value</em> attribute specifies the Boolean
value for a table cell (<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em>), a text field
(<em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em>), or a form property
(<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em>).
</p>
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column
definitions (<em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column"><em>db:column</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a></em> and <em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column-definition"><em>db:column-definition</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a></em>). </p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> elements, this attribute is
only evaluated if the corresponding <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-83">4.3.3</a> element has attribute
<em>meta:value-type</em>="boolean". </p>
<p>The <em>office:boolean-value</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>, <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>, <em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1905">13.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1901">13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:boolean-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officeconversion-mode"><span id="anchor-3404"></span><span
id="anchor-1933"></span>office:conversion-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>office:conversion-mode</em> attribute specifies the method by
which the DDE server converts its data into numbers. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>office:conversion-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>into-default-style-data-style: numbers are converted into the data
style that is specified by the default style.</li>
<li>into-english-number: numbers are converted into the English default
format.</li>
<li>keep-text: numbers are not converted. They are treated as text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is
into-default-style-data-style.</p>
<p>The <em>office:conversion-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-474">14.7.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>office:conversion-mode</em> attribute are
into-default-style-data-style, into-english-number or keep-text.</p>
<h2 id="officecurrency"><span id="anchor-3405"></span><span
id="anchor-607"></span>office:currency</h2>
<p>The <em>office:currency</em> attribute specifies the currency for a
value of a table cell (<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em>), a text field
(<em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em>
and <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em>), or a form property
(<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em>).
</p>
<p>It specifies a default currency for database columns and database
column definitions (<em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a> and <em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column-definition"><em>db:column-definition</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a></em>).</p>
<p>The <em>office:currency</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>,
<em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>,
<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1905">13.10</a>,
<em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1901">13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:currency</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officedate-value"><span id="anchor-3406"></span><span
id="anchor-608"></span>office:date-value</h2>
<p>The <em>office:date-value</em> attribute specifies the date or
date-time value for a table cell
(<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em>), a text field
(<em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em>), or a form property
(<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em>).
</p>
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column
definitions (<em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column"><em>db:column</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a></em> and <em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column-definition"><em>db:column-definition</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a></em>). </p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> elements, this attribute is
only evaluated if the corresponding <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-83">4.3.3</a> element has attribute
<em>meta:value-type</em>="date". </p>
<p>The <em>office:date-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>,
<em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>,
<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1905">13.10</a>,
<em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1901">13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:date-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>dateOrDateTime</em> <a
href="#datatype-dateOrDateTime">18.3.14</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officedde-application"><span id="anchor-3407"></span><span
id="anchor-1928"></span>office:dde-application</h2>
<p>The <em>office:dde-application</em> attribute specifies the name of
the target application to use for the DDE connection.</p>
<p>The <em>office:dde-application</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-474">14.7.5</a> and
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1925">14.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:dde-application</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officedde-item"><span id="anchor-3408"></span><span
id="anchor-1929"></span>office:dde-item</h2>
<p>The <em>office:dde-item</em> attribute specifies which information
the target application should deliver.</p>
<p>The <em>office:dde-item</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-474">14.7.5</a> and
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1925">14.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:dde-item</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officedde-topic"><span id="anchor-3409"></span><span
id="anchor-1930"></span>office:dde-topic</h2>
<p>The <em>office:dde-topic</em> attribute specifies the name of the
topic to use for the DDE connection.</p>
<p>The <em>office:dde-topic</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-474">14.7.5</a> and
<em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1925">14.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:dde-topic</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officedisplay"><span id="anchor-3410"></span><span
id="anchor-1909"></span>office:display</h2>
<p>The <em>office:display</em> attribute specifies whether an annotation
is visible.</p>
<p>The <em>office:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:display</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officemimetype"><span id="anchor-3411"></span><span
id="anchor-31"></span>office:mimetype</h2>
<p>The <em>office:mimetype</em> attribute specifies the document type
for a document that is contained in a single XML file. Its values are
the MIME types that are used for the packaged variant of office
documents.</p>
<p>The <em>office:mimetype</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:mimetype</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officename"><span id="anchor-3412"></span><span
id="anchor-527"></span>office:name</h2>
<h3 id="general-79"><span id="anchor-3413"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute specifies a name. The use of that
name is specified for each element on which it appears. </p>
<h3 id="drawa-1"><span id="anchor-3414"></span><span
id="attribute-office:name_element-draw:a"></span>&lt;draw:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute specifies a name for a hyperlink.
The name can serve as a target for other hyperlinks. The name does not
have to be unique.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-circle-1"><span id="anchor-3415"></span><span
id="attribute-office:name_element-draw:area-circle"></span>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute specifies a name for a shape
represented by this element. The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-rectangle-1"><span id="anchor-3416"></span><span
id="attribute-office:name_element-draw:area-rectangle"></span>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute specifies a name for a shape
represented by this element. The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-polygon-1"><span id="anchor-3417"></span><span
id="attribute-office:name_element-draw:area-polygon"></span>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute specifies a name for an image map.
The name does not have to be unique.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officeannotation-2"><span id="anchor-3418"></span><span
id="attribute-office:name_element-office:annotation"></span>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute specifies a name for an
annotation. It is used to match <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em>
elements with the corresponding <em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-325">14.2</a> elements.</p>
<p>The name that appears in the <em>office:name</em> attribute of any
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> pair shall be unique to that pair
of elements in a document instance.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officeannotation-end-1"><span id="anchor-3419"></span><span
id="attribute-office:name_element-office:annotation-end"></span>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute specifies a name for an
annotation. It is used to match <em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em>
elements with the corresponding <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;office:annotation-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-325">14.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officedde-source-1"><span id="anchor-3420"></span><span
id="attribute-office:name_element-office:dde-source"></span>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</h3>
<p><span id="anchor-3421"></span>The <em>office:name</em> attribute
specifies the name by which a connection can be referenced.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;office:dde-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-474">14.7.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texta-1"><span id="anchor-3422"></span><span
id="attribute-office:name_element-text:a"></span>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute specifies a name for a hyperlink.
The name serves as a target for other hyperlinks and need not be unique.
</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This attribute is specified for compatibility with <span
class="citation" data-cites="HTML4">[HTML4]</span> only, where an
&lt;a&gt; element may serve as a link source and target simultaneously.
This attribute should not be used for any purpose other than to
represent links that came from a HTML document.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdde-connection-decl-1"><span id="anchor-3423"></span><span
id="attribute-office:name_element-text:dde-connection-decl"></span>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute specifies a name by which a
connection can be referenced.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:dde-connection-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1925">14.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="section"></h2>
<h2 id="officeserver-map"><span id="anchor-3424"></span><span
id="anchor-1381"></span>office:server-map</h2>
<p>The <em>office:server-map</em> attribute specifies that a link
returns data to a server-side image map. The mouse coordinates of the
click <a href="#anchor-3259">19.406</a> position of the graphic shape
are appended to the IRI of the link. The coordinates are be used by the
server to determine which link to activate within the image map.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>office:server-map</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:server-map</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officestring-value"><span id="anchor-3425"></span><span
id="anchor-609"></span>office:string-value</h2>
<p>The <em>office:string-value</em> attribute specifies the string-value
for a table cell (<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em>), a text field
(<em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em>), or a form property
(<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em>).
</p>
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column
definitions (<em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column"><em>db:column</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a></em> and <em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column-definition"><em>db:column-definition</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a></em>).</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> elements, this attribute is
only evaluated if the corresponding <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-83">4.3.3</a> element has (default) attribute
<em>meta:value-type</em>="string". </p>
<p>The <em>office:string-value</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>, <em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>, <em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1905">13.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1901">13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:string-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officetarget-frame"><span id="anchor-3426"></span><span
id="anchor-1814"></span>office:target-frame</h2>
<p>The <em>office:target-frame</em> attribute specifies a target
frame.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>office:target-frame</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>_blank: The referenced document is displayed in a new frame.</li>
<li>_parent: The referenced document is displayed in the parent frame of
the current frame.</li>
<li>_self: The referenced document replaces the content of the current
frame.</li>
<li>_top: The referenced document is displayed in the topmost frame,
that is the frame that contains the current frame as a child or
descendant but is not contained within another frame.</li>
<li>A frame name: The referenced document is displayed in the named
frame. If the named frame does not exist, a new frame with that name is
created.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is _blank.</p>
<p>The <em>office:target-frame</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a> and <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:target-frame</em> attribute has the data type
<em>targetFrameName</em> <a
href="#datatype-targetFrameName">18.3.34</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officetarget-frame-name"><span id="anchor-3427"></span><span
id="anchor-268"></span>office:target-frame-name</h2>
<p>The <em>office:target-frame-name</em> attribute specifies the name of
a target frame.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>office:target-frame-name</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>_blank: The referenced document is displayed in a new frame.</li>
<li>_parent: The referenced document is displayed in the parent frame of
the current frame.</li>
<li>_self: The referenced document replaces the content of the current
frame.</li>
<li>_top: The referenced document is displayed in the topmost frame,
that is the frame that contains the current frame as a child or
descendant but is not contained within another frame.</li>
<li>A frame name: The referenced document is displayed in the named
frame. If the named frame does not exist, a new frame with that name is
created.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>office:target-frame-name</em> attribute may be used together
with an <em>xlink:show</em> <a href="#anchor-266">19.917</a> attribute.
In that case, if the value of the attribute is _blank, the
<em>xlink:show</em> attribute value should be new. If the value of the
attribute is any of the other value options, the value of the
<em>xlink:show</em> attribute should be replace. </p>
<p>The <em>office:target-frame-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>,
<em>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-77">4.3.2.14</a> and <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:target-frame-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>targetFrameName</em> <a
href="#datatype-targetFrameName">18.3.34</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officetime-value"><span id="anchor-3428"></span><span
id="anchor-610"></span>office:time-value</h2>
<p>The <em>office:time-value</em> attribute specifies the time value for
a table cell (<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em>), a text field
(<em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em>), or a form property
(<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em>).
</p>
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column
definitions (<em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column"><em>db:column</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a></em> and <em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column-definition"><em>db:column-definition</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a></em>).</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> elements, this attribute is
only evaluated if the corresponding <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-83">4.3.3</a> element has attribute
<em>meta:value-type</em>="time".</p>
<p>The <em>office:time-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>,
<em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>,
<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1905">13.10</a>,
<em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1901">13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:time-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officetitle"><span id="anchor-3429"></span><span
id="anchor-528"></span>office:title</h2>
<p>The <em>office:title</em> attribute specifies a short accessible
description. </p>
<p>Note: See appendix for guidelines on using this attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>office:title</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a> and
<em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:title</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officevalue"><span id="anchor-3430"></span><span
id="anchor-611"></span>office:value</h2>
<p>The <em>office:value</em> attribute specifies the currency, float or
percentage value for a table cell
(<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em>), a text field
(<em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em>), or a form property
(<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em>).
</p>
<p>It specifies a default value for database columns and database column
definitions (<em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column"><em>db:column</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a></em> and <em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column-definition"><em>db:column-definition</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a></em>). </p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> elements, this attribute is
only interpreted if the corresponding <em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-83">4.3.3</a> element has attribute
<em>meta:value-type</em>="float". </p>
<p>The <em>office:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>,
<em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>,
<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1905">13.10</a>,
<em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1901">13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officevalue-type"><span id="anchor-3431"></span><span
id="anchor-604"></span>office:value-type</h2>
<p>The office:value-type attribute specifies the value-type of a table
cell (<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em>), a text field
(<em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em>and
<em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em>), or a form property
(<em>&lt;form:list-value&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em>).
</p>
<p>It specifies a default value type of database columns and database
column definitions (<em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a> and <em>&lt;</em><a
href="db:column-definition"><em>db:column-definition</em></a><em>&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a></em>). </p>
<p>The value type of each of these elements shall be specified. If the
value type is not <em>string</em> or if the
<em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> element content differs from the value
of the element, the corresponding Value Attribute(s) () shall contain
the value(s) of the element. </p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 14 - Value attributes</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Value Type</th>
<th>Value Attribute(s)</th>
<th>Encoded as...</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>boolean</code></td>
<td><code>office:boolean-value</code></td>
<td><code>true</code> or <code>false</code></td>
<td><code>"true"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>currency</code></td>
<td><code>office:value</code> and<br />
<code>office:currency</code></td>
<td>Numeric value and<br />
currency symbol</td>
<td><code>"100" "USD"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dat</code></td>
<td><code>office:date-value</code></td>
<td>Date value as specified in §3.2.9 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="xmlschema-2">[xmlschema-2]</span>, or date and time value as
specified in §3.2.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="xmlschema-2">[xmlschema-2]</span></td>
<td><code>"2003-04-17"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>float</code></td>
<td><code>office:value</code></td>
<td>Numeric value</td>
<td><code>"12.345"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>percentage</code></td>
<td><code>office:value</code></td>
<td>Numeric value</td>
<td><code>"0.50"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>string</code></td>
<td><code>office:string-value</code></td>
<td>Strings</td>
<td><code>"abc def"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>time</code></td>
<td><code>office:time-value</code></td>
<td>Duration, as specified in §3.2.6 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="xmlschema-2">[xmlschema-2]</span></td>
<td><code>"PT03H30M00S"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>void</code></td>
<td>none</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the value type is string and the <em>office:string-value</em>
attribute is not present, the element content defines the value. </p>
<p> The concept of field values and value types and their encoding in
XML is also modeled on the corresponding XML for table cell attributes.
</p>
<p>The <em>office:value-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1743">12.35</a>,
<em>&lt;db:column-definition&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1757">12.40</a>,
<em>&lt;form:list-property&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1900">13.9</a>,
<em>&lt;form:property&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1901">13.8</a>,
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-507">7.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>office:value-type</em> attribute has the data type
<em>valueType</em> <a href="#datatype-valueType">18.3.38</a>.</p>
<h2 id="officeversion"><span id="anchor-3432"></span><span
id="anchor-48"></span>office:version</h2>
<p>The <em>office:version</em> attribute identifies the version of the
OpenDocument specification that defines the associated element, its
schema, its complete content, and its interpretation. <span
id="anchor-3433"></span><span id="anchor-3434"></span></p>
<p>The <em>office:version</em> attribute shall be present in every
<em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em>,
<em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em>, and
<em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em> element in the XML documents
that comprise an document. The value of the <em>office:version</em>
attribute shall be "1.3". </p>
<p>Note 1: When an <em>office:version</em>-requiring element has
<em>office:version</em>="1.1" the element and its content are based on
the OpenDocument v1.1 specification <span class="citation"
data-cites="ODF11">[ODF11]</span>. For <em>office:version</em>="1.0" the
element and its content are based on the OpenDocument v1.0 specification
<span class="citation" data-cites="ODF10">[ODF10]</span>. When an
<em>office:version</em>-requiring element has <em>office:version</em>
omitted, the element is based on a version of the OpenDocument
specification earlier than v1.2. </p>
<p>Note 2: An OpenDocument 1.2 document that relies solely on features
of a previous OpenDocument specification that are upward-compatible with
OpenDocument 1.2, can be interpreted correctly under that earlier
specification by treating the office:version="1.2" attribute as omitted
or as identifying the earlier version.</p>
<p>Note 3: An OpenDocument 1.3 document that relies solely on features
of a previous OpenDocument specification that are upward-compatible with
OpenDocument 1.2, can be interpreted correctly under that earlier
specification by treating the office:version="1.2" attribute as omitted
or as identifying the earlier version.</p>
<p>The <em>office:version</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;office:document&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-28">3.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;office:document-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-12">3.1.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;office:document-meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-15">3.1.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;office:document-settings&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-16">3.1.3.5</a> and
<em>&lt;office:document-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-14">3.1.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The only value of the <em>office:version</em> attribute is 1.3.</p>
<h2 id="presentationaction"><span id="anchor-3435"></span><span
id="anchor-1516"></span>presentation:action</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:action</em> attribute specifies the type of
action that is executed when an event is triggered. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:action</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>execute: another application is launched when this event is
triggered. The application is specified with the <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> attribute on the same
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> element.</li>
<li>fade-out: the object that contains this event is faded out when this
event is triggered. The attributes <em>presentation:effect <a
href="#anchor-1502">19.398</a></em>, <em>presentation:direction <a
href="#anchor-1501">19.396</a></em>, <em>presentation:speed</em> <a
href="#anchor-1504">19.421</a> and <em>presentation:start-scale</em> <a
href="#anchor-1505">19.422</a> can be used to set the effect.</li>
<li>first-page: the presentation jumps to the first page of the current
document.</li>
<li>hide: the object that contains this event is hidden if the event is
triggered.</li>
<li>last-page: the presentation jumps to the last page of the current
document.</li>
<li>last-visited-page: the presentation jumps to the page that was
displayed before the current page.</li>
<li>next-page: the presentation jumps to the next page.</li>
<li>none: no action is performed when this event is triggered.</li>
<li>previous-page: the presentation jumps to the previous page.</li>
<li>show: the target of an IRI is opened when this event is triggered.
The IRI is specified with the <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> attribute on the same
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> element.</li>
<li>sound: an audio effect is started when the effect is triggered. The
audio effect is described by a <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a> child element.</li>
<li>stop: if a slide show is active, it will be stopped.</li>
<li>verb: if the object that contains this event supports the execution
of <span class="citation" data-cites="OLE">[OLE]</span> verbs, the verb
with the id set in the <em>presentation:verb</em> <a
href="#anchor-1517">19.432</a> attribute is executed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:action</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:action</em> attribute are none,
previous-page, next-page, first-page, last-page, hide, stop, execute,
show, verb, fade-out, sound or last-visited-page.</p>
<h2 id="presentationanimations-1"><span id="anchor-3436"></span><span
id="anchor-1529"></span>presentation:animations</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:animations</em> attribute enables or disables
the playback of animations that are specified within embedded or linked
images during a presentation. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:animations</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>disabled: image animations cannot be played during a
presentation.</li>
<li>enabled: image animations can be played during a presentation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is enabled.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:animations</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:animations</em> attribute are
enabled or disabled.</p>
<h2 id="presentationclass"><span id="anchor-3437"></span><span
id="anchor-1295"></span>presentation:class</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:class</em> attribute classifies presentation
shapes by their usage within a draw page. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:class</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>chart: presentation charts are standard object shapes.</li>
<li>graphic: presentation graphics are standard graphic shapes</li>
<li>handout: presentation handouts are placeholder for the drawing page
in a handout page</li>
<li>notes: presentation notes are used on notes pages</li>
<li>object: presentation objects are standard object shapes</li>
<li>orgchart: presentation organization charts are standard object
shapes.</li>
<li>outline: outlines are standard text shapes</li>
<li>page: presentation pages are used on notes pages</li>
<li>subtitle: subtitles are standard text shapes</li>
<li>table: presentation tables are standard object shapes</li>
<li>text: presentation texts are standard text shapes</li>
<li>title: titles are standard text shapes</li>
</ul>
<p>The date-time, footer, header, and page-number classes can be used
only for drawing shapes that are contained in master pages. Depending on
the settings of the <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a> element, they are displayed automatically on
drawing pages that use the master page.</p>
<p>When used with drawing shapes contained in master pages, the defined
values for the <em>presentation:class</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>date-time: drawing shape is used as a date and/or time shape. Date
and Time shapes are standard text shapes.</li>
<li>footer: drawing shape is used as a footer. Footer shapes are
standard text shapes.</li>
<li>header: drawing shape is used as a header. Header shapes are
standard text shapes.</li>
<li>page-number: drawing shape is used as a page number shape. Page
Number shapes are standard text shapes.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:class</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:class</em> attribute are title,
outline, subtitle, text, graphic, object, chart, table, orgchart, page,
notes, handout, header, footer, date-time or page-number.</p>
<h2 id="presentationclass-names"><span id="anchor-3438"></span><span
id="anchor-1241"></span>presentation:class-names</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:class-names</em> attribute specifies a white
space separated list of styles with the family value of presentation.
The referenced styles are applied in the order they are contained in the
list. </p>
<p>If both <em>presentation:style-name</em> and
<em>presentation:class-names</em> are present, the style referenced by
the <em>presentation:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1242">19.426</a>
attribute is applied before the styles referenced by the
<em>presentation:class-names</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>presentation:class-names</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:class-names</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRefs</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRefs">18.3.33</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationdelay"><span id="anchor-3439"></span><span
id="anchor-1500"></span>presentation:delay</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:delay</em> attribute specifies the delay before
a presentation effect starts after the previous one has finished.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:delay</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1490">10.8.5</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1491">10.8.6</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1493">10.8.3</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1494">10.8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:delay</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationdirection"><span id="anchor-3440"></span><span
id="anchor-1501"></span>presentation:direction</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:direction</em> attribute specifies the direction
of an effect. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:direction</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>clockwise: effect moves in a clockwise direction.</li>
<li>counter-clockwise: effect moves in a counter-clockwise
direction.</li>
<li>from-bottom: effect moves from the bottom of the presentation
area.</li>
<li>from-center: effect moves from the center of the presentation
area.</li>
<li>from-left: effect moves from the left of the presentation area.</li>
<li>from-right: effect moves from the right of the presentation
area.</li>
<li>from-top: effect moves from the top of the presentation area.</li>
<li>from-lower-left: effect moves from the lower-left of the
presentation area.</li>
<li>from-lower-right: effect moves from the lower-right of the
presentation area.</li>
<li>from-upper-left: effect moves from the upper-left of the
presentation area.</li>
<li>from-upper-right: effect moves from the upper-right of the
presentation area.</li>
<li>horizontal: effect moves from the bottom of the presentation
area.</li>
<li>none: no presentation effect direction</li>
<li>path: effect moves from the bottom of the presentation area.</li>
<li>spiral-inward-left: effect spirals inward from the left of the
presentation area.</li>
<li>spiral-inward-right: effect spirals inward from the right of the
presentation area.</li>
<li>spiral-outward-left: effect spirals outward to the left of the
presentation area.</li>
<li>spiral-outward-right: effect spirals outward to the right of the
presentation area.</li>
<li>to-left: effect moves to the left of the presentation area.</li>
<li>to-top: effect moves to the top of the presentation area.</li>
<li>to-right: effect moves to the right of the presentation area.</li>
<li>to-bottom: effect moves to the bottom of the presentation area.</li>
<li>to-center: effect moves from the center of the presentation
area.</li>
<li>to-lower-left: effect moves to the lower-left of the presentation
area.</li>
<li>to-upper-left: effect moves to the upper-left of the presentation
area.</li>
<li>to-lower-right: effect moves to the lower-right of the presentation
area.</li>
<li>to-upper-right: effect moves to the upper-right of the presentation
area.</li>
<li>vertical: effect moves vertically in the presentation area.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:direction</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1490">10.8.5</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1491">10.8.6</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1493">10.8.3</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1494">10.8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:direction</em> attribute are none,
from-left, from-top, from-right, from-bottom, from-center,
from-upper-left, from-upper-right, from-lower-left, from-lower-right,
to-left, to-top, to-right, to-bottom, to-upper-left, to-upper-right,
to-lower-right, to-lower-left, path, spiral-inward-left,
spiral-inward-right, spiral-outward-left, spiral-outward-right,
vertical, horizontal, to-center, clockwise or counter-clockwise.</p>
<h2 id="presentationendless"><span id="anchor-3441"></span><span
id="anchor-1530"></span>presentation:endless</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:endless</em> attribute specifies whether a
presentation repeats indefinitely or not.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:endless</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: presentation does not repeat indefinitely.</li>
<li>true: presentation repeats indefinitely.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:endless</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:endless</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationeffect"><span id="anchor-3442"></span><span
id="anchor-1502"></span>presentation:effect</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:effect</em> attribute specifies the type of an
effect.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:effect</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>appear: the shape is faded in by just switching its state from
invisible to visible.</li>
<li>checkerboard: the shape is faded in or out by drawing or removing
checkerboard-like blocks that increase in size over time.</li>
<li>close: the shape is drawn or removed line by line, either
horizontally or vertically, starting at the edge of the shape.</li>
<li>dissolve: the shape is faded in or out by drawing or removing small
blocks in a random fashion.</li>
<li>fade: the shape fades from its visible or hidden state to a hidden
or visible state.</li>
<li>hide: the shape is faded out by just switching its state from
visible to invisible.</li>
<li>laser: this effect is only available for text shapes; the characters
of the text are moved one by one from the top edge of the screen to
their final position.</li>
<li>lines: the shape is faded in and out by drawing or removing line by
line, either horizontally or vertically, in a random fashion.</li>
<li>move: the shape moves from or to its final position.</li>
<li>move-short: like the move effect, but the moving shape is clipped to
its final bounding rectangle during fade.</li>
<li>none: no effect is used.</li>
<li>open: the shape is drawn or removed line by line, either
horizontally or vertically, starting at the center of the shape.</li>
<li>random: an effect is chosen at random to fade the shape in or
out.</li>
<li>rotate: the shape rotates horizontally or vertically for a short
amount of time during this effect.</li>
<li>stretch: the shape is faded in or out by changing its size during
this effect.</li>
<li>stripes: the shape is faded in or out by drawing or removing
horizontal or vertical stripes that change their size.</li>
<li>wavyline: the shape is faded in and out by drawing or removing small
blocks in a snake like fashion.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:effect</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1490">10.8.5</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1491">10.8.6</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1493">10.8.3</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1494">10.8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:effect</em> attribute are none,
fade, move, stripes, open, close, dissolve, wavyline, random, lines,
laser, appear, hide, move-short, checkerboard, rotate or stretch.</p>
<h2 id="presentationforce-manual"><span id="anchor-3443"></span><span
id="anchor-1531"></span>presentation:force-manual</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:force-manual</em> attribute specifies that the
value of the <em>presentation:transition-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2814">20.240</a> attribute is set to manual.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:force-manual</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: <em>presentation:transition-type</em> attribute is not set to
manual.</li>
<li>true: <em>presentation:transition-type</em> attribute is set to
manual.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:force-manual</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:force-manual</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationfull-screen"><span id="anchor-3444"></span><span
id="anchor-1532"></span>presentation:full-screen</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:full-screen</em> attribute specifies whether the
presentation is displayed in full-screen mode or in a window.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:full-screen</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: presentation is displayed in a window.</li>
<li>true: presentation is displayed in full-screen mode.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:full-screen</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:full-screen</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationgroup-id"><span id="anchor-3445"></span><span
id="anchor-1986"></span>presentation:group-id</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:group-id</em> attribute specifies a group id.
This id can be used to group animation elements within a user interface,
where a group consists of all animation elements that have the same
group id.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:group-id</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:group-id</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationmaster-element"><span id="anchor-3446"></span><span
id="anchor-1987"></span>presentation:master-element</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:master-element</em> attribute specifies the id
of an animation element.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Consumer user interfaces may consider animation elements that
have a <em>presentation:master-element</em> attribute to be a part of
the animation element that is referenced, and may therefore exclude them
from any lists of defined animations. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>presentation:master-element</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:master-element</em> attribute has the data type
<em>IDREF</em> <a href="#datatype-IDREF">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationmouse-as-pen"><span id="anchor-3447"></span><span
id="anchor-1533"></span>presentation:mouse-as-pen</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:mouse-as-pen</em> attribute specifies if a mouse
pointer is displayed as a pen or a pointer. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:mouse-as-pen</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: mouse pointer is displayed as a pointer.</li>
<li>true: mouse pointer is displayed as a pen for drawing.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:mouse-as-pen</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:mouse-as-pen</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationmouse-visible"><span id="anchor-3448"></span><span
id="anchor-1534"></span>presentation:mouse-visible</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:mouse-visible</em> attribute specifies whether a
mouse pointer is visible during a presentation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:mouse-visible</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: mouse not visible during presentation.</li>
<li>true: mouse visible during presentation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:mouse-visible</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:mouse-visible</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationname"><span id="anchor-3449"></span><span
id="anchor-1522"></span>presentation:name</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:name</em> attribute identifies the element on
which it appears inside a presentation.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-143">10.9.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-144">10.9.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-145">10.9.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1543">10.9.3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationnode-type"><span id="anchor-3450"></span><span
id="anchor-1988"></span>presentation:node-type</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:node-type</em> attribute specifies a node type
for an animation element. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:node-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>after-previous: this animation element is the root element of an
effect that starts after the previous effect.</li>
<li>default: no node type is defined. This is the default setting.</li>
<li>interactive-sequence: this animation element is the root element for
a sequence of effects that are started when the user selects an element
inside a page.</li>
<li>main-sequence: this animation element is the root element for the
main sequence of effects of a page</li>
<li>on-click: this animation element is the root element of an effect
that starts with a user click.</li>
<li>timing-root: this animation element is the root element for the
animation of a page.</li>
<li>with-previous: this animation element is the root element of an
effect that starts with the previous effect.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p><span id="anchor-3259"></span>Note: Click is the action of a computer
user moving a cursor or focus to a location on a screen (point) and then
pressing a mouse button, usually the left button(click), or other
pointing device. A click can be used with any number of input devices
varying from mice, touch pads, keyboards, joysticks, scroll buttons, and
roller balls. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The default value for this attribute is default.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:node-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:node-type</em> attribute are
default, on-click, with-previous, after-previous, timing-root,
main-sequence or interactive-sequence.</p>
<h2 id="presentationobject"><span id="anchor-3451"></span><span
id="anchor-2407"></span>presentation:object</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:object</em> attribute specifies the type of
object that a <em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> element
represents. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:object</em> attribute are
the same as those defined for the <em>presentation:class</em> attribute.
<a href="#anchor-1295">19.393</a></p>
<p>The <em>presentation:object</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2405">16.44</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:object</em> attribute are title,
outline, subtitle, text, graphic, object, chart, table, orgchart, page,
notes, handout, header, footer, date-time or page-number.</p>
<h2 id="presentationpages"><span id="anchor-3452"></span><span
id="anchor-1545"></span>presentation:pages</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:pages</em> attribute specifies a comma “,”
(U+002C, COMMA) separated list of page names as given by
<em>draw:name</em> <a href="#anchor-1210">19.197</a> attributes on
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> elements.
The pages are displayed in the order in which they are listed during a
presentation that uses this show. Pages can be included more than
once.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:pages</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1543">10.9.3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:pages</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationpath-id"><span id="anchor-3453"></span><span
id="anchor-1503"></span>presentation:path-id</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:path-id</em> attribute specifies a polygon shape
by the value of its <em>draw:shape-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1499">19.210</a> attribute. An effect moves along the
lines of the specified polygon. The referenced polygon is not visible
during the presentation.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:path-id</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1490">10.8.5</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1491">10.8.6</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1493">10.8.3</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1494">10.8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:path-id</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationpause"><span id="anchor-3454"></span><span
id="anchor-1535"></span>presentation:pause</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:pause</em> attribute specifies a time duration
for displaying a pause screen before the presentation is played again if
the presentation is to be repeated indefinitely. If this attribute is
not set or has a value of P0s, a pause screen is not displayed in
endless mode.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:pause</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:pause</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationplaceholder-1"><span id="anchor-3455"></span><span
id="anchor-1296"></span>presentation:placeholder</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:placeholder</em> attribute specifies if a shape
is a placeholder or a presentation object with content.</p>
<ul>
<li>true: the shape is a placeholder.</li>
<li>false: the shape is a presentation object with content.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value is false.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:placeholder</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:placeholder</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationplay-full"><span id="anchor-3456"></span><span
id="anchor-1497"></span>presentation:play-full</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:play-full</em> attribute specifies when an
effect starts.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:play-full</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: effect starts after current effect ends.</li>
<li>true: effect starts after the sound specified by its parent
<em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> element ends.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:play-full</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:play-full</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationpresentation-page-layout-name"><span
id="anchor-3457"></span><span
id="anchor-1199"></span>presentation:presentation-page-layout-name</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:presentation-page-layout-name</em> attribute
references the <em>style:name</em> <a href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a>
attribute of a <em>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-198">16.43</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:presentation-page-layout-name</em> attribute is
usable with the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:presentation-page-layout-name</em> attribute has
the data type <em>styleNameRef</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationpreset-class"><span id="anchor-3458"></span><span
id="anchor-1989"></span>presentation:preset-class</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:preset-class</em> attribute specifies the class
of the preset that was used to create an animation element. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:preset-class</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>custom: the preset was a user-defined one. This is the default
setting.</li>
<li>entrance: the preset was an entrance effect.</li>
<li>exit: the preset was an exit effect.</li>
<li>emphasis: the preset was an emphasis effect.</li>
<li>motion-path: the preset was a motion path.</li>
<li>ole-action: the preset was an ole action.</li>
<li>media-call: the preset was a media call.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is custom.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:preset-class</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:preset-class</em> attribute are
custom, entrance, exit, emphasis, motion-path, ole-action or
media-call.</p>
<h2 id="presentationpreset-id"><span id="anchor-3459"></span><span
id="anchor-1990"></span>presentation:preset-id</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:preset-id</em> attribute specifies the name of
the preset that was used to create an animation element.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:preset-id</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:preset-id</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationpreset-sub-type"><span id="anchor-3460"></span><span
id="anchor-1991"></span>presentation:preset-sub-type</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:preset-sub-type</em> attribute specifies the
sub-type of the preset that was used to create an animation element.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:preset-sub-type</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:preset-sub-type</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationshow-1"><span id="anchor-3461"></span><span
id="anchor-1536"></span>presentation:show</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:show</em> attribute specifies the name of a
<em>&lt;presentation:show&gt;</em> element that is used for the
presentation. If the <em>presentation:start-page</em> <a
href="#anchor-1539">19.423</a> attribute is set, it overrides the value
of this attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:show</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:show</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationshow-end-of-presentation-slide"><span
id="anchor-3462"></span><span
id="anchor-1537"></span>presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide</em> attribute
specifies whether an additional slide should be shown at the end of the
presentation, indicating the presentation is finished.</p>
<p>The slide content is not defined within the document, but is
implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The defined values for the
<em>presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: end-of-presentation slide not shown at end of
presentation.</li>
<li>true: end-of-presentation slide shown at end of presentation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide</em> attribute is
usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:show-end-of-presentation-slide</em> attribute
has the data type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationshow-logo"><span id="anchor-3463"></span><span
id="anchor-1538"></span>presentation:show-logo</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:show-logo</em> attribute specifies whether an
implementation-defined logo is shown on a pause screen.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:show-logo</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: logo not shown on pause screen.</li>
<li>true: logo shown on pause screen.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:show-logo</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:show-logo</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationsource"><span id="anchor-3464"></span><span
id="anchor-1527"></span>presentation:source</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:source</em> attribute specifies whether the
current date/time or the fixed content of the field declaration is
displayed.</p>
<ul>
<li>fixed: display content of the attribute's
<em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> element</li>
<li>current-date: display the current date/time as reported by the
operating system</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:source</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-143">10.9.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:source</em> attribute are fixed or
current-date.</p>
<h2 id="presentationspeed"><span id="anchor-3465"></span><span
id="anchor-1504"></span>presentation:speed</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:speed</em> attribute specifies the speed of an
effect.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:speed</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>fast: The fast speed should be faster than the speed the
implementation chooses for the values medium and slow. </li>
<li>medium: The medium speed should be faster than the speed the
implementation chooses for the value slow, and slower than the speed the
implementation chooses for the value fast.</li>
<li>slow: The slow speed should be slower than the speed the
implementation chooses for the values medium and fast. </li>
</ul>
<p>The rates specified by these values are implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is medium.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:speed</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1490">10.8.5</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1491">10.8.6</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:play&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1492">10.8.8</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1493">10.8.3</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1494">10.8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:speed</em> attribute are slow,
medium or fast.</p>
<h2 id="presentationstart-scale"><span id="anchor-3466"></span><span
id="anchor-1505"></span>presentation:start-scale</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:start-scale</em> attribute specifies the start
size of a shape as a percentage of its original size, which is given by
the <em>svg:width</em> <a href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a> and
<em>svg:height <a href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a></em> attributes of the
element specifying the shape.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 100%.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:start-scale</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:hide-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1490">10.8.5</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:hide-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1491">10.8.6</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:show-shape&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1493">10.8.3</a> and
<em>&lt;presentation:show-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1494">10.8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:start-scale</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationstart-page"><span id="anchor-3467"></span><span
id="anchor-1539"></span>presentation:start-page</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:start-page</em> attribute specifies the name of
the page on which the presentation starts. If this attribute is set, it
overrides the <em>presentation:show</em> <a
href="#anchor-1536">19.417</a> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:start-page</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:start-page</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationstart-with-navigator"><span
id="anchor-3468"></span><span
id="anchor-1540"></span>presentation:start-with-navigator</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:start-with-navigator</em> attribute specifies
whether a navigator window is initially displayed during a
presentation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:start-with-navigator</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: navigator window not displayed initially during a
presentation.</li>
<li>true: navigator window displayed initially during a
presentation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:start-with-navigator</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:start-with-navigator</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationstay-on-top"><span id="anchor-3469"></span><span
id="anchor-1541"></span>presentation:stay-on-top</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:stay-on-top</em> attribute specifies whether a
presentation window is displayed on top of other windows during a
presentation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:stay-on-top</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: presentation window need not be displayed on top of other
windows during a presentation.</li>
<li>true: presentation window shall be displayed on top of other windows
during a presentation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:stay-on-top</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:stay-on-top</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationstyle-name"><span id="anchor-3470"></span><span
id="anchor-1242"></span>presentation:style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:style-name</em> attribute specifies a style for
a presentation shape. </p>
<p>The value of the attribute is the name of a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-199">16.2</a> element that
has a family value of presentation. The formatting properties of the
specified style and its parent styles are used to format the shape.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationtransition-on-click"><span
id="anchor-3471"></span><span
id="anchor-1542"></span>presentation:transition-on-click</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:transition-on-click</em> attributes specifies
whether a mouse click <a href="#anchor-3259">19.406</a> on a slide
during a presentation triggers a transition. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:transition-on-click</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>disabled: mouse click on a slide during a presentation does not
trigger a transition.</li>
<li>enabled: mouse click on a slide during a presentation triggers a
transition. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is enabled.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:transition-on-click</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;presentation:settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-146">10.9.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:transition-on-click</em> attribute
are enabled or disabled.</p>
<h2 id="presentationuse-date-time-name"><span
id="anchor-3472"></span><span
id="anchor-1200"></span>presentation:use-date-time-name</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:use-date-time-name</em> attribute specifies the
name of the <em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-143">10.9.3.6</a> that is used for all
<em>&lt;presentation:date-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-326">10.9.3.5</a> elements that are displayed on a
page.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:use-date-time-name</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a> and <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:use-date-time-name</em> attribute has the data
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationuse-footer-name"><span id="anchor-3473"></span><span
id="anchor-1201"></span>presentation:use-footer-name</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:use-footer-name</em> attribute specifies the
name of the <em>&lt;presentation:footer-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-144">10.9.3.4</a> element that is used for all
<em>&lt;presentation:footer&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-327">10.9.3.3</a>
elements that are displayed on a page.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:use-footer-name</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a> and <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:use-footer-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationuse-header-name"><span id="anchor-3474"></span><span
id="anchor-1202"></span>presentation:use-header-name</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:use-header-name</em> attribute specifies the
name of the <em>&lt;presentation:header-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-145">10.9.3.2</a> element that is used for all
<em>&lt;presentation:header&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-328">10.9.3.1</a>
elements that are displayed on a page.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:use-header-name</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a> and <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:use-header-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationuser-transformed"><span
id="anchor-3475"></span><span
id="anchor-1297"></span>presentation:user-transformed</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:user-transformed</em> attribute specifies
whether the size and position of the shape is set by the user or is set
by the corresponding presentation shape on the master page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:user-transformed</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: size and position of shape set by corresponding presentation
shape on master page.</li>
<li>true: size and position of shape set by user. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:user-transformed</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:user-transformed</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationverb"><span id="anchor-3476"></span><span
id="anchor-1517"></span>presentation:verb</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:verb</em> attribute specifies the <span
class="citation" data-cites="OLE">[OLE]</span> verb that is executed for
event listeners of type verb at the object that contains this event.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:verb</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:verb</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="scriptevent-name"><span id="anchor-3477"></span><span
id="anchor-1518"></span>script:event-name</h2>
<p>The <em>script:event-name</em> attribute specifies the name of an
event. </p>
<p>Event names should begin with a namespace prefix followed by a “:”
(U+003A, COLON).</p>
<p>Where appropriate, producers should use the event names described in
<span class="citation" data-cites="DOMEvents2">[DOMEvents2]</span>. The
corresponding namespace is “http://www.w3.org/2001/xml-events”.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> Event names defined in <span class="citation"
data-cites="DOMEvents2">[DOMEvents2]</span> are not namespaced. If used
in OpenDocument, they should be preceded by a namespace prefix as
described above</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Table specifies events defined in <span class="citation"
data-cites="DOMEvents2">[DOMEvents2]</span> that have an equivalent
event in HTML. The namespace used for these events is
“http://www.w3.org/2001/xml-events”“. </p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 15 - Script Events</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Value of <em>script:event-name</em> Attribute</th>
<th>Equivalent HTML Event</th>
<th>Description of Event</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>dom:change</code></td>
<td><code>onchange</code></td>
<td>Occurs when a control is no longer focused and the value of the
control was modified since it was given focus.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dom:DOMFocusIn</code></td>
<td><code>onfocus</code></td>
<td>Occurs when a control is given focus using the mouse or the TAB
key.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dom:DOMFocusOut</code></td>
<td><code>onblur</code></td>
<td>Occurs when a control is no longer focused as a result of moving the
mouse or by tabbing navigation. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dom:mousedown</code></td>
<td><code>onmousedown</code></td>
<td>Occurs when a mouse button is pressed on a control.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dom:mousemove</code></td>
<td><code>onmousemove</code></td>
<td>Occurs when the mouse pointer is moved onto a control.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dom:mouseover</code></td>
<td><code>onmouseover</code></td>
<td>Occurs when the mouse pointer is moved over the control.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dom:mouseup</code></td>
<td><code>onmouseup</code></td>
<td>Occurs when a mouse button is released on a control.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dom:mouseout</code></td>
<td><code>onmouseout</code></td>
<td>Occurs when the mouse pointer is moved away from a control.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dom:reset</code></td>
<td><code>onreset</code></td>
<td>Occurs when a form is reset.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dom:submit</code></td>
<td><code>onsubmit</code></td>
<td>Occurs when a form is submitted.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <em>script:event-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a> and
<em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>script:event-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="scriptlanguage"><span id="anchor-3478"></span><span
id="anchor-175"></span>script:language</h2>
<p>The attribute <em>script:language</em> specifies the name of a
script. Script language names are implementation-dependent. The names
identifying script languages should begin with a namespace prefix,
followed by a ":" (U+003A, COLON) separator. If a namespace prefix is
present, the local name of the attribute value is considered to be a
name in the XML namespace bound to the namespace prefix.</p>
<p>The <em>script:language</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;office:script&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-173">3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a>
and <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>script:language</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="scriptmacro-name"><span id="anchor-3479"></span><span
id="anchor-1918"></span>script:macro-name</h2>
<p>The <em>script:macro-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
macro. The interpretation of the name is script-language-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>script:macro-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>script:macro-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilaccelerate"><span id="anchor-3480"></span><span
id="anchor-1941"></span>smil:accelerate</h2>
<p>See §11.1.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The defined range for the <em>smil:accelerate</em> attribute is 0 to
1, inclusive. </p>
<p>The default value for a <em>smil:accelerate</em> attribute is 0,
meaning no acceleration. </p>
<p>The <em>smil:accelerate</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:accelerate</em> attribute has values of type
<em>decimal</em> <a href="#datatype-decimal">18.2</a> in the range
[0,1].</p>
<h2 id="smilaccumulate"><span id="anchor-3481"></span><span
id="anchor-1942"></span>smil:accumulate</h2>
<p>See §3.4.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:accumulate</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:accumulate</em> attribute are none or
sum.</p>
<h2 id="smiladditive"><span id="anchor-3482"></span><span
id="anchor-1943"></span>smil:additive</h2>
<p>See §3.4.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:additive</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:additive</em> attribute are replace or
sum.</p>
<h2 id="smilattributename"><span id="anchor-3483"></span><span
id="anchor-1944"></span>smil:attributeName</h2>
<p>See §3.4.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>smil:attributeName</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>charColor: animates the element's text color.</li>
<li>charFontName: animates the element's text font.</li>
<li>charHeight: animates the element's text height.</li>
<li>charPosture: animates the element's text posture.</li>
<li>charUnderline: animates the element's text underline.</li>
<li>charWeight: animates the element's text weight.</li>
<li>color: animates the element's color, this animates both fill, line
and text color. Values can be RGB or HSL.</li>
<li>fillColor: animates the element's fill color.</li>
<li>fillStyle: animates the element's fill style.</li>
<li>height: animates the element's height, values are given in screen
space where 0 is no height and 1 is the same height as the screen.</li>
<li>lineColor: animates the element's line color.</li>
<li>lineStyle: animates the element's line style.</li>
<li>opacity: animates the element's opacity.</li>
<li>rotate: animates the element's rotation, this animates both the
shapes and text animation.</li>
<li>skewX: animates the element's horizontal skew.</li>
<li>skewY: animates the element’s vertical skew.</li>
<li>visibility: animates the element's visibility.</li>
<li>width: animates the element's width, values are given in screen
space where 0 is no width and 1 is the same width as the screen.</li>
<li>x: animates the element's x position, values are given in screen
space where 0 is the left edge and 1 is the right edge.</li>
<li>y: animates the element's y position, values are given in screen
space where 0 is the top and 1 is the bottom.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>smil:attributeName</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a> and <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:attributeName</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilautoreverse"><span id="anchor-3484"></span><span
id="anchor-1945"></span>smil:autoReverse</h2>
<p>See §11.1.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:autoReverse</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:autoReverse</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilbegin"><span id="anchor-3485"></span><span
id="anchor-1946"></span>smil:begin</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:begin</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:begin</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilby"><span id="anchor-3486"></span><span
id="anchor-1947"></span>smil:by</h2>
<p>See §3.4.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:by</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>
and <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:by</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilcalcmode"><span id="anchor-3487"></span><span
id="anchor-1948"></span>smil:calcMode</h2>
<p>See §3.4.2 and §3.7.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>
and <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>
elements the default value for this attribute is discrete.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a> element the default value for this
attribute is paced.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:calcMode</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:calcMode</em> attribute are discrete,
linear, paced or spline.</p>
<h2 id="smildecelerate"><span id="anchor-3488"></span><span
id="anchor-1949"></span>smil:decelerate</h2>
<p>See §11.1.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p><span id="anchor-3489"></span><span id="anchor-3490"></span>The
defined range for the <em>smil:decelerate</em> attribute is 0 to 1,
inclusive. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:decelerate</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:decelerate</em> attribute has values of type
<em>decimal</em> <a href="#datatype-decimal">18.2</a> in the range
[0,1].</p>
<h2 id="smildirection"><span id="anchor-3491"></span><span
id="anchor-1974"></span>smil:direction</h2>
<p>See §12.4.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a> element the default value for this
attribute is forward.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:direction</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:direction</em> attribute are forward or
reverse.</p>
<h2 id="smildur"><span id="anchor-3492"></span><span
id="anchor-1950"></span>smil:dur</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:dur</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:dur</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilend"><span id="anchor-3493"></span><span
id="anchor-1951"></span>smil:end</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:end</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:end</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilendsync"><span id="anchor-3494"></span><span
id="anchor-1992"></span>smil:endsync</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:endsync</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> and <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:endsync</em> attribute are first, last,
all, media or a value of type <em>IDREF</em> <a
href="#datatype-IDREF">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilfadecolor"><span id="anchor-3495"></span><span
id="anchor-1975"></span>smil:fadeColor</h2>
<p>See §12.5.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is #000000.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:fadeColor</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:fadeColor</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilfill"><span id="anchor-3496"></span><span
id="anchor-1952"></span>smil:fill</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:fill</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:fill</em> attribute are remove, freeze,
hold, auto, default or transition.</p>
<h2 id="smilfilldefault"><span id="anchor-3497"></span><span
id="anchor-1953"></span>smil:fillDefault</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:fillDefault</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:fillDefault</em> attribute are remove,
freeze, hold, transition, auto or inherit.</p>
<h2 id="smilfrom"><span id="anchor-3498"></span><span
id="anchor-1954"></span>smil:from</h2>
<p>See §3.4.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:from</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:from</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilkeysplines"><span id="anchor-3499"></span><span
id="anchor-1955"></span>smil:keySplines</h2>
<p>See $3.7.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:keySplines</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a> and <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:keySplines</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilkeytimes"><span id="anchor-3500"></span><span
id="anchor-1956"></span>smil:keyTimes</h2>
<p>See $3.7.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:keyTimes</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a> and <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:keyTimes</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilmode"><span id="anchor-3501"></span><span
id="anchor-1976"></span>smil:mode</h2>
<p>See §12.5.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is in.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:mode</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:mode</em> attribute are in or out.</p>
<h2 id="smilrepeatcount"><span id="anchor-3502"></span><span
id="anchor-1957"></span>smil:repeatCount</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:repeatCount</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:repeatCount</em> attribute are a non
negative value of type <em>decimal</em> <a
href="#datatype-decimal">18.2</a> or indefinite.</p>
<h2 id="smilrepeatdur"><span id="anchor-3503"></span><span
id="anchor-1958"></span>smil:repeatDur</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>smil:repeatDur</em> attribute can be indefinite,
or a clock-value as defined in $10.3.1 of SMIL</p>
<p>The <em>smil:repeatDur</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:repeatDur</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilrestart"><span id="anchor-3504"></span><span
id="anchor-1959"></span>smil:restart</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is default.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:restart</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:restart</em> attribute are never, always,
whenNotActive or default.</p>
<h2 id="smilrestartdefault"><span id="anchor-3505"></span><span
id="anchor-1960"></span>smil:restartDefault</h2>
<p>See §10.3.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is inherit.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:restartDefault</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:restartDefault</em> attribute are never,
always, whenNotActive or inherit.</p>
<h2 id="smilsubtype"><span id="anchor-3506"></span><span
id="anchor-1977"></span>smil:subtype</h2>
<p>See §12.4.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>Note: See §12.8 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span> for a list of supported
subtypes.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:subtype</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:subtype</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smiltargetelement"><span id="anchor-3507"></span><span
id="anchor-1961"></span>smil:targetElement</h2>
<p>See §3.4.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>Drawing shapes are specified by their <em>xml:id</em> or
<em>draw:id</em> attribute values and paragraphs by their
<em>xml:id</em> or <em>text:id</em> attribute values.</p>
<p>If the <em>anim:sub-item</em> attribute of a
<em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> element has the value whole, the iteration
includes the drawing shape's background and its text. If the
<em>anim:sub-item</em> <a href="#anchor-1940">19.11</a> attribute value
is text, only the shape's text is iterated.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:targetElement</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:targetElement</em> attribute has the data type
<em>IDREF</em> <a href="#datatype-IDREF">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilto"><span id="anchor-3508"></span><span
id="anchor-1962"></span>smil:to</h2>
<p>See §3.4.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:to</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;anim:set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1227">15.2.4</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:to</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smiltype"><span id="anchor-3509"></span><span
id="anchor-1978"></span>smil:type</h2>
<p>The <span class="citation" data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>
<em>smil:type</em> attribute specifies a transition type or family.</p>
<p>See §12.8 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span> for a list of supported types.</p>
<p>If this attribute is present, the attributes
<em>presentation:transition-type</em> and
<em>presentation:transition-style</em> attributes should be ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:type</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilvalues"><span id="anchor-3510"></span><span
id="anchor-1963"></span>smil:values</h2>
<p>See $3.4.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:values</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;anim:animate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1218">15.2.2</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateColor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1219">15.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>, <em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a> and
<em>&lt;anim:transitionFilter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1228">15.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:values</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleadjustment"><span id="anchor-3511"></span><span
id="anchor-2470"></span>style:adjustment</h2>
<p>The <em>style:adjustment</em> attribute specifies how a footnote
separator line is aligned on a page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:adjustment</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>center: footnote separator line centered on page.</li>
<li>left: footnote separator line aligned to left on page.</li>
<li>right: footnote separator line aligned to right on page.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is left.</p>
<p>The <em>style:adjustment</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2464">17.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:adjustment</em> attribute are left,
center or right.</p>
<h2 id="styleapply-style-name"><span id="anchor-3512"></span><span
id="anchor-2034"></span>style:apply-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:apply-style-name</em> attribute specifies the style to
apply when the condition specified by the <em>style:condition</em> <a
href="#anchor-2036">19.472</a> attribute is true. If the referenced
style is undefined or is an automatic style, an error occurs.</p>
<p>The referenced style shall be defined by the same type of element as
the conditional style that contains the condition. If the referenced
style element has a <em>style:family</em> <a
href="#anchor-2036">19.472</a> attribute, its value further shall be
equal the value of the <em>style:family</em> attribute of the
conditional style.</p>
<p>The <em>style:apply-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:apply-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleauto-update"><span id="anchor-3513"></span><span
id="anchor-2009"></span>style:auto-update</h2>
<p>The <em>style:auto-update</em> attribute specifies whether styles are
automatically updated when the formatting properties of an object that
has the style assigned to it are changed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:auto-update</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: a change to a formatting property is applied for the object
where the change was made. If necessary, a new automatic style will be
created which is applied to the object where the change was made.</li>
<li>true: a change to a formatting property results in the updating of
the common style that is applied to an object. The formatting change is
applied to all objects subject to the common style where the change was
made. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>style:auto-update</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:auto-update</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylebase-cell-address"><span id="anchor-3514"></span><span
id="anchor-2035"></span>style:base-cell-address</h2>
<p>The <em>style:base-cell-address</em> attribute specifies as an
absolute cell address with a table name the base cell for relative
addresses in formulas. This attribute applies only to cell styles where
the condition contains a formula.</p>
<p>The <em>style:base-cell-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:base-cell-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellAddress</em> <a href="#datatype-cellAddress">18.3.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylechar"><span id="anchor-3515"></span><span
id="anchor-2517"></span>style:char</h2>
<p>The <em>style:char</em> attribute specifies the delimiter character
for tab stops of type char.</p>
<p>The <em>style:char</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:char</em> attribute has the data type
<em>character</em> <a href="#datatype-character">18.3.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleclass"><span id="anchor-3516"></span><span
id="anchor-2010"></span>style:class</h2>
<p>The <em>style:class</em> attribute specifies a style class name. </p>
<p> A style may belong to an arbitrary class of styles. The style class
name is an arbitrary string. The style class name has no meaning within
the file format itself, but it can for instance be evaluated by user
interfaces to show a list of styles where the styles are grouped by its
name.</p>
<p>The <em>style:class</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:class</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylecolor"><span id="anchor-3517"></span><span
id="anchor-2471"></span>style:color</h2>
<p>The <em>style:color</em> attribute specifies the color of a column or
footnote separator line.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2540">17.14</a> element the default value for this
attribute is #000000.</p>
<p>The <em>style:color</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2540">17.14</a> and <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2464">17.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:color</em> attribute has the data type <em>color</em>
<a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylecondition"><span id="anchor-3518"></span><span
id="anchor-2036"></span>style:condition</h2>
<p>The <em>style:condition</em> attribute specifies a condition that
triggers a style map.</p>
<p>The value of this attribute should be a namespace prefix, followed by
a ":" (U+003A, COLON), followed by one of the defined conditions. If the
namespace prefix is missing it defaults to the
"urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2" namespace. The XML
namespace that applies to the <em>style:condition</em> attribute
specifies the syntax and semantics of any expression occurrences in the
<em>style:condition</em> syntax.</p>
<p>If a consumer does not recognize a condition, it shall ignore the
<em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> element containing the condition.</p>
<p>The defined conditions that may be used by paragraph styles are:</p>
<ul>
<li>footnote() and endnote(): true if the style is applied to a
paragraph or heading that is contained in a footnote or endnote.</li>
<li>header() and footer(): true if the style is applied to a paragraph
or heading that is contained in a page header or footer.</li>
<li>list-level()=<em>n</em>, where <em>n</em> is a number: true if the
style is applied to a paragraph or heading that is contained in a list
on level <em>n</em>, or to a numbered paragraph on level
<em>n</em>.</li>
<li>outline-level()=<em>n</em>, where <em>n</em> is a number: true if
the if the style is applied to a heading on level n.</li>
<li>section(): true if the style is applied to a paragraph or heading
that is contained in a text section.</li>
<li>table() and table-header(): true if the style is applied to a
paragraph or heading that is contained in a table cell or table header
cell.</li>
</ul>
<p>Within paragraph style conditions <em>n</em> is a positive integer in
the lexical form of the <span class="citation"
data-cites="xmlschema-2">[xmlschema-2]</span> positiveInteger
datatype.</p>
<p>The defined conditions that may be used by table cell styles are:</p>
<ul>
<li>cell-content() <span id="anchor-3519"></span><em>op</em>
<em>value</em>: where <em>op</em> is one of the relational operators
”&lt;”, ”&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, ”=” or ”!=”: true if the style is
applied to a table cell where the cell's value compared to the value
specified in the condition by <em>value</em> using the relational
operator <em>op</em> evaluates to true.</li>
<li>cell-content-is-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true if
the style is applied to a table cell whose value is between
<em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</li>
<li>cell-content-is-not-between(<em>value</em>, <em>value</em>): true if
the style is applied to a table cell whose value is not between
<em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</li>
<li>is-true-formula(<em>expression</em>): true if the style is applied
to a table cell for which formula evaluates true.</li>
</ul>
<p> Within table cell style conditions:</p>
<ul>
<li><ul>
<li><em>value</em>, <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em> are a
<em>numberValue</em>, a <em>string</em> or an <em>expression</em>.</li>
<li><em>numberValue</em> is a whole or decimal number in the lexical
form of the <span class="citation"
data-cites="xmlschema-2">[xmlschema-2]</span> decimal datatype.</li>
<li><em>string</em> expresses a value of the <span class="citation"
data-cites="xmlschema-2">[xmlschema-2]</span> string datatype by
surrounding the sequence of string characters in quotation marks
(U+0022, QUOTATION MARK). A quotation mark within the string itself is
expressed with two consecutive quotation marks. </li>
<li><em>expression</em> is a lexical form that is neither
<em>numberValue</em> nor <em>string</em> and that is a well-formed
expression determined by the namespace applicable to the
<em>style:condition</em> attribute value.</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>The defined condition that may be used by data styles is:</p>
<ul>
<li>value() <em>op</em> <em>n</em>, where, <em>op</em> is one of the
relational operators ”&lt;”, ”&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, “=” or ”!=”, and
<em>n</em> is a number for non-Boolean data styles and true or false for
Boolean data styles: true if the style is applied to a table cell where
the cell's value compared to the value specified in the condition by
<em>n</em> using the relational operator <em>op</em> evaluates to
true.</li>
</ul>
<p>Relative cell range addresses that occur in a condition for a table
cell style define an offset which shall be interpreted relative to the
cell for which a condition is calculated. The offset is the same as the
offsets between the table cell addressed by the relative cell range
address and the table cell specified by the
<em>style:base-cell-address</em> attribute. </p>
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator makes
available the host-dependent properties defined by <a
href="#anchor-3520">Table 16 Host-dependent Properties</a> in <a
href="#anchor-3520">19.646</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:condition</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:map&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:condition</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styledata-style-name"><span id="anchor-3521"></span><span
id="anchor-562"></span>style:data-style-name</h2>
<h3 id="general-80"><span id="anchor-3522"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
data style. </p>
<h3 id="presentationdate-time-decl-1"><span
id="anchor-3523"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-presentation:date-time-decl"></span>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a date and time. </p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;presentation:date-time-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-143">10.9.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="stylestyle-1"><span id="anchor-3524"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-style:style"></span>&lt;style:style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
for a <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element that defines the styles for
table cell styles and chart styles. </p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textcreation-date-1"><span id="anchor-3525"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:creation-date"></span>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value. </p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-343">7.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textcreation-time-1"><span id="anchor-3526"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:creation-time"></span>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-344">7.5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdatabase-display-1"><span id="anchor-3527"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:database-display"></span>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdate-1"><span id="anchor-3528"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:date"></span>&lt;text:date&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textediting-duration-1"><span id="anchor-3529"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:editing-duration"></span>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-356">7.5.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textexpression-1"><span id="anchor-3530"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:expression"></span>&lt;text:expression&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields
whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value
type is not string.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textmeta-field-1"><span id="anchor-3531"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:meta-field"></span>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textmodification-date-1"><span id="anchor-3532"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:modification-date"></span>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-368">7.5.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textmodification-time-1"><span id="anchor-3533"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:modification-time"></span>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-369">7.5.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textprint-date-1"><span id="anchor-3534"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:print-date"></span>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-381">7.5.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textprint-time-1"><span id="anchor-3535"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:print-time"></span>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-382">7.5.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-formula"><span id="anchor-3536"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:table-formula"></span>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-413">7.7.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttime-1"><span id="anchor-3537"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:time"></span>&lt;text:time&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a numeric value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-defined-1"><span id="anchor-3538"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:user-defined"></span>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields
whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value
type is not string.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-field-get-1"><span id="anchor-3539"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:user-field-get"></span>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields
whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value
type is not string.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-422">7.4.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-field-input-1"><span id="anchor-3540"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:user-field-input"></span>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields
whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value
type is not string.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-423">7.4.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-get-1"><span id="anchor-3541"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:variable-get"></span>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields
whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value
type is not string.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-427">7.4.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-input-1"><span id="anchor-3542"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:variable-input"></span>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields
whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value
type is not string.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-set-1"><span id="anchor-3543"></span><span
id="attribute-style:data-style-name_element-text:variable-set"></span>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute specifies a data style
to format a field value. This attribute shall be omitted for fields
whose value type is string. It shall be present for fields whose value
type is not string.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styledefault-outline-level"><span id="anchor-3544"></span><span
id="anchor-2011"></span>style:default-outline-level</h2>
<p>The <em>style:default-outline-level</em> attribute specifies a
default outline level for a style with the <em>style:family</em> <a
href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a> attribute value paragraph. </p>
<p>If the <em>style:default-outline-level</em> attribute is present in a
paragraph style, and if this paragraph style is assigned to a paragraph
or heading by user action, then the consumer should replace the
paragraph or heading with a heading of the specified level, which has
the same content and attributes as the original paragraph or heading.
</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This attribute does not modify the behavior of
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a> or
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a> elements, but
only instructs a consumer to create one or the other when assigning a
paragraph style as a result of user interface action while the document
is edited.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>style:default-outline-level</em> attribute value can be
empty. If empty, this attribute does not inherit a list style value from
a parent style. </p>
<p>The <em>style:default-outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:default-outline-level</em> attribute are
a value of type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a> or an empty string.</p>
<h2 id="styledisplay"><span id="anchor-3545"></span><span
id="anchor-2049"></span>style:display</h2>
<p>The <em>style:display</em> attribute specifies whether the header or
footer is displayed or not. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: header or footer is not displayed.</li>
<li>true: header or footer is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>style:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:footer&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-302">16.12</a>,
<em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>,
<em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-304">16.15</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-305">16.10</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-306">16.11</a> and
<em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-307">16.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:display</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styledisplay-name"><span id="anchor-3546"></span><span
id="anchor-2012"></span>style:display-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:display-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
style as it should appear in the user interface. If this attribute is
not present, the display name should be the same as the style name.</p>
<p>The <em>style:display-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a>, <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>,
<em>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-198">16.43</a>, <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-205">16.32</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:display-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styledistance"><span id="anchor-3547"></span><span
id="anchor-2525"></span>style:distance</h2>
<p>The <em>style:distance</em> attribute specifies the distance between
the last of the characters using the larger font and the first of the
remaining characters of each line.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: If the leading characters for a paragraph span the line size of
a portion of the remaining text of a paragraph, the
<em>style:distance</em> attribute specifies the distance between the end
of the text written in the larger font and the smaller text of any lines
that it spans. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0cm.</p>
<p>The <em>style:distance</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2512">17.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:distance</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styledistance-before-sep"><span id="anchor-3548"></span><span
id="anchor-2473"></span>style:distance-before-sep</h2>
<p>The <em>style:distance-before-sep</em> attribute specifies the space
between the body-text area and a footnote separator line.</p>
<p>The <em>style:distance-before-sep</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2464">17.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:distance-before-sep</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styledistance-after-sep"><span id="anchor-3549"></span><span
id="anchor-2472"></span>style:distance-after-sep</h2>
<p>The <em>style:distance-after-sep</em> attribute specifies the space
between a footnote separator line and the footnote text.</p>
<p>The <em>style:distance-after-sep</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2464">17.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:distance-after-sep</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefamily"><span id="anchor-3550"></span><span
id="anchor-2013"></span>style:family</h2>
<p>The <em>style:family</em> attribute specifies the family of a style.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:family</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>chart: family name of styles for charts.</li>
<li>drawing-page: family name of styles for drawing pages.</li>
<li>graphic: family name of styles for graphic elements.</li>
<li>paragraph: family name of styles for paragraphs.</li>
<li>presentation: family name of styles for presentations.</li>
<li>ruby: family name of styles for ruby text.</li>
<li>table: family name of styles for tables.</li>
<li>table-cell: family name of styles for table cells.</li>
<li>table-column: family name of styles for table columns.</li>
<li>table-row: family name of styles for table rows.</li>
<li>text: family name of styles for text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:family</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:default-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-197">16.4</a> and <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefilter-name"><span id="anchor-3551"></span><span
id="anchor-2467"></span>style:filter-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:filter-name</em> attribute specifies the
implementation-dependent filter name that has been used to load an image
into the document.</p>
<p>This attribute is attached to a
<em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>style:filter-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:filter-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-adornments"><span id="anchor-3552"></span><span
id="anchor-2088"></span>style:font-adornments</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-adornments</em> attributes specifies a
characteristic of a font.</p>
<p>Note: A font characteristic includes bold or italic, which when used
with a font family name, specifies a font. </p>
<p>The <em>style:font-adornments</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-adornments</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-charset"><span id="anchor-3553"></span><span
id="anchor-2089"></span>style:font-charset</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset</em> attribute specifies whether a font
defines glyphs according to the semantics of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> or not.</p>
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding
in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XML1.0">[XML1.0]</span>. If the value is x-symbol, the font
does not define glyphs according to the semantics of <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>. If the value is
one of the encodings or transformations of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>, the font does define glyphs
according to the semantics of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>. The use of other values is
deprecated.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define
glyphs for code points in the private use area of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset</em> attribute has the data type
<em>textEncoding</em> <a href="#datatype-textEncoding">18.3.35</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-family-generic"><span id="anchor-3554"></span><span
id="anchor-2090"></span>style:font-family-generic</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-generic</em> attribute specifies a generic
font family name.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-family-generic</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </li>
<li>modern: the family of modern fonts. </li>
<li>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </li>
<li>script: the family of script fonts. </li>
<li>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </li>
<li>system: the family system fonts. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-generic</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-family-generic</em> attribute are
roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-pitch"><span id="anchor-3555"></span><span
id="anchor-2091"></span>style:font-pitch</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-pitch</em> attribute specifies whether a font has
a fixed or variable width.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-pitch</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>fixed: font has a fixed width.</li>
<li>variable: font has a variable width.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-pitch</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-pitch</em> attribute are fixed or
variable.</p>
<h2 id="styleheight"><span id="anchor-3556"></span><span
id="anchor-2547"></span>style:height</h2>
<p>The <em>style:height</em> attribute specifies the height of a column
separator line. The value of this attribute is a percentage of the
height of the columned area.</p>
<p>The defined value range for the <em>style:height</em> attribute is 0%
to 100%, inclusive.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 100%.</p>
<p>The <em>style:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2540">17.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleleader-char"><span id="anchor-3557"></span><span
id="anchor-860"></span>style:leader-char</h2>
<p>The <em>style:leader-char</em> attribute specifies a leader
character.</p>
<p>The <em>style:leader-char</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:leader-char</em> attribute has the data type
<em>character</em> <a href="#datatype-character">18.3.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleleader-color"><span id="anchor-3558"></span><span
id="anchor-2518"></span>style:leader-color</h2>
<p>The <em>style:leader-color</em> attribute specifies the color of a
leader line. The value of this attribute is either font-color or a
color. If the value is font-color, the current text color is used for
the leader line.</p>
<p>The <em>style:leader-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:leader-color</em> attribute are
font-color or a value of type <em>color</em> <a
href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleleader-style"><span id="anchor-3559"></span><span
id="anchor-2519"></span>style:leader-style</h2>
<p>The <em>style:leader-style</em> attribute specifies a style for a
leader line. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:leader-style</em> attribute are:
</p>
<ul>
<li>none: tab stop has no leader line.</li>
<li>dash: tab stop has a dashed leader line.</li>
<li>dot-dash: tab stop has a leader line whose repeating pattern is a
dot followed by a dash.</li>
<li>dot-dot-dash: tab stop has a leader line whose repeating pattern has
two dots followed by a dash. </li>
<li>dotted: tab stop has a dotted leader line.</li>
<li>long-dash: tab stop has a dashed leader line whose dashes are longer
than the ones from the dashed line for value dash.</li>
<li>solid: tab stop has a solid leader line.</li>
<li>wave: tab stop has a wavy leader line.</li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the
<em>style:leader-style</em> attribute are based on the text decoration
style 'text-underline-style' from <span class="citation"
data-cites="CSS3Text">[CSS3Text]</span>, §9.2.</p>
<p>The <em>style:leader-style</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:leader-style</em> attribute are none,
solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<h2 id="styleleader-text"><span id="anchor-3560"></span><span
id="anchor-2520"></span>style:leader-text</h2>
<p>The <em>style:leader-text</em> attribute specifies a single Unicode
character for use as leader text for tab stops.</p>
<p>An consumer may support only specific characters as textual leaders.
If a character that is not supported by a consumer is specified by this
attribute, the consumer should display a leader character that it
supports instead of the one specified by this attribute. </p>
<p>If both <em>style:leader-text</em> and <em>style:leader-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a> attributes are specified, the value of
the <em>style:leader-text</em> sets the leader text for tab stops.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is “ ” (U+0020, SPACE).</p>
<p>The <em>style:leader-text</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:leader-text</em> attribute has the data type
<em>character</em> <a href="#datatype-character">18.3.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleleader-text-style"><span id="anchor-3561"></span><span
id="anchor-2521"></span>style:leader-text-style</h2>
<p>The <em>style:leader-text-style</em> specifies a text style that is
applied to a textual leader. It is not applied to leader lines. If the
attribute appears in an automatic style, it may reference either an
automatic text style or a common style. If the attribute appears in a
common style, it may reference a common style only.</p>
<p>The <em>style:leader-text-style</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:leader-text-style</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleleader-type"><span id="anchor-3562"></span><span
id="anchor-2522"></span>style:leader-type</h2>
<p>The <em>style:leader-type</em> attribute specifies whether a leader
line should be drawn, and if so, whether a single or double line will be
used.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:leader-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>double: a double line is drawn.</li>
<li>none: no line is drawn.</li>
<li>single: a single line is drawn.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:leader-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:leader-type</em> attribute are none,
single or double.</p>
<h2 id="styleleader-width"><span id="anchor-3563"></span><span
id="anchor-2523"></span>style:leader-width</h2>
<p>The <em>style:leader-width</em> attribute specifies the width (i.e.,
thickness) of a leader line.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:leader-width</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: the width of a leader line should be calculated from the font
size of the text where the leader line will appear. </li>
<li>bold: the width of a leader line should be calculated from the font
size of the text where the leader line will appear but is wider than for
the value of auto. </li>
<li>a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a></li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a></li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The line widths referenced by the values medium, normal, thick and
thin are implementation-defined. </p>
<p>The <em>style:leader-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:leader-width</em> attribute are auto,
normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>, a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>
or a value of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelegend-expansion"><span id="anchor-3564"></span><span
id="anchor-1571"></span>style:legend-expansion</h2>
<p>The <em>style:legend-expansion</em> attribute specifies the direction
in which a legend expands. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:legend-expansion</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>balanced: legend expands horizontally and vertically.</li>
<li>custom: with a <em>style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio</em> <a
href="#anchor-1572">19.495</a> attribute legend expands according to the
specified ratio.</li>
<li>high: legend expands vertically. </li>
<li>wide: legend expands horizontally.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:legend-expansion</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelegend-expansion-aspect-ratio"><span
id="anchor-3565"></span><span
id="anchor-1572"></span>style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio</h2>
<p>The <em>style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio</em> attribute specifies
the ratio between width and height for a <em>style:legend-expansion</em>
<a href="#anchor-1571">19.494</a> attribute with value
<code>custom</code>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:legend-expansion-aspect-ratio</em> attribute has the
data type <em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelength"><span id="anchor-3566"></span><span
id="anchor-2526"></span>style:length</h2>
<p>The <em>style:length</em> attribute specifies the number of
characters that are displayed in a larger font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:length</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>word: specifies a set of characters to be displayed in a larger
font.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: What will be treated as a “word” by a consumer is
locale-specific. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>style:length</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2512">17.9</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:length</em> attribute are word or a value
of type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleline-style"><span id="anchor-3567"></span><span
id="anchor-2474"></span>style:line-style</h2>
<p>The <em>style:line-style</em> attribute specifies the style of a
footnote separator line.</p>
<p>The defined value for the <em>style:line-style</em> attribute is
none: no footnote separator line is drawn.</p>
<p>The footnote separator components referenced by the values dash,
dot-dash, dot-dot-dash, dotted, long-dash, solid and wave, are
implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The <em>style:line-style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2464">17.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:line-style</em> attribute are none,
solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or wave.</p>
<h2 id="stylelines"><span id="anchor-3568"></span><span
id="anchor-2527"></span>style:lines</h2>
<p>The <em>style:lines</em> attribute specifies the number of text lines
which a font spans. If the value of this attribute is 1,
<em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em> is disabled.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>style:lines</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2512">17.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:lines</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelist-level"><span id="anchor-3569"></span><span
id="anchor-2014"></span>style:list-level</h2>
<p>The <em>style:list-level</em> attribute specifies the list level
value of a list style that may be applied to any paragraph style. It
does not directly specify the paragraph's list level value, but
consumers can change the paragraph's list level value to the specified
value when the paragraph style is applied. It is valid only if the
<em>style:list-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a>
attribute is specified and is not empty, and if the
<em>style:family</em> <a href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a> attribute has
the value paragraph.</p>
<p>The <em>style:list-level</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:list-level</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a> or an empty string.</p>
<h2 id="stylelist-style-name"><span id="anchor-3570"></span><span
id="anchor-2015"></span>style:list-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:list-style-name</em> attribute specifies a list style
for style families with paragraph formatting properties. This applies to
automatic and common styles.</p>
<p>The list style specified by this attribute is applied to headings and
paragraphs that are contained in a list, where the list does not specify
a list style itself, and the list has no list style specification for
any of its parents.</p>
<p>The <em>style:list-style-name</em> attribute value can be empty. If
empty, this attribute does not inherit a list style value from a parent
style. </p>
<p>The <em>style:list-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:list-style-name</em> attribute are a
value of type <em>styleName</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleName">18.3.31</a> or an empty string.</p>
<h2 id="stylemaster-page-name"><span id="anchor-3571"></span><span
id="anchor-2016"></span>style:master-page-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:master-page-name</em> attribute defines a master page
for a paragraph or table style. This applies to automatic and common
styles. <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt; <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</em></p>
<p>If this attribute is associated with a style, a page break is
inserted when the style is applied and the specified master page is
applied to the resulting page.</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if it is associated with a paragraph style
that is applied to a paragraph within a table.</p>
<p>The <em>style:master-page-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:master-page-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylename-1"><span id="anchor-3572"></span><span
id="anchor-2017"></span>style:name</h2>
<h3 id="general-81"><span id="anchor-3573"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>style:name</em> attribute specifies names that reference
style mechanisms.</p>
<h3
id="numberboolean-style-numbercurrency-style-numberdate-style-numbernumber-style-numberpercentage-style-numbertext-style-numbertime-style-stylemaster-page-stylepage-layout-stylepresentation-page-layout-stylestyle-textlist-style-textoutline-style"><span
id="anchor-3574"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-style:master-page"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-style:presentation-page-layout"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-number:percentage-style"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-number:time-style"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-text:outline-style"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-text:list-style"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-style:style"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-number:text-style"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-style:page-layout"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-number:currency-style"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-number:number-style"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-number:boolean-style"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-number:date-style"></span>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;,
&lt;number:currency-style&gt;, &lt;number:date-style&gt;,
&lt;number:number-style&gt;, &lt;number:percentage-style&gt;,
&lt;number:text-style&gt;, &lt;number:time-style&gt;,
&lt;style:master-page&gt;, &lt;style:page-layout&gt;,
&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;, &lt;style:style&gt;,
&lt;text:list-style&gt;, &lt;text:outline-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a:</p>
<ul>
<li>data style - It can be used with all data style elements.</li>
<li>list style</li>
<li>master page - Each master page is referenced using the page name.
The name specified shall be unique to the document instance.</li>
<li>outline style - The outline style as a list style can be referenced
by the <em>style:list-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2015">19.500</a>
attribute.</li>
<li>page layout </li>
<li>style – With the <em>style:family</em> <a
href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a> attribute, the <em>style:name</em>
attribute uniquely identifies a style. The <em>&lt;office:styles&gt; <a
href="#anchor-55">3.15.2</a></em>,
<em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a>
and <em>&lt;office:master-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-51">3.15.4</a> elements each shall not contain two styles
with the same family and the same name.</li>
</ul>
<p>For automatic styles, the name may be generated by OpenDocument
producers. For each style family or style element, producers should
generate distinct sets of names for automatic styles stored in the
content.xml <a href="#anchor-12">3.1.3.2</a> and styles.xml <a
href="#anchor-14">3.1.3.3</a> files. The names should also be distinct
from the names used in the <em>&lt;office:styles&gt;</em> element inside
the styles.xml files.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: If the document is produced multiple times, it cannot be
assumed that the same name is generated each time. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>style:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a>, <em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>, <em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-180">16.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:presentation-page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-198">16.43</a>, <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-205">16.32</a> and <em>&lt;text:outline-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-207">16.36</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleName</em> <a href="#datatype-styleName">18.3.31</a>.</p>
<h3 id="stylefont-face-1"><span id="anchor-3575"></span><span
id="attribute-style:name_element-style:font-face"></span>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for a font
declaration. This name can be used inside styles as an attribute of the
<em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> element) as the value of a
<em>style:font-name</em> attribute to immediately select a font face
declaration.</p>
<p>The <em>style:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylenext-style-name"><span id="anchor-3576"></span><span
id="anchor-2018"></span>style:next-style-name</h2>
<h3 id="general-82"><span id="anchor-3577"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>style:next-style-name</em> attribute specifies a style to be
used with pages and paragraphs.</p>
<h3 id="stylemaster-page-2"><span id="anchor-3578"></span><span
id="attribute-style:next-style-name_element-style:master-page"></span>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:next-style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of
the master page that is used for the next page if the current page is
entirely filled. If the next style name is not specified, the current
master page is used for the next page. The value of this attribute shall
be the name of a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>style:next-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:next-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="stylestyle-2"><span id="anchor-3579"></span><span
id="attribute-style:next-style-name_element-style:style"></span>&lt;style:style&gt;</h3>
<p>Within styles for paragraphs, <em>style:next-style-name</em>
attribute specifies the style to be used for the next paragraph if a
paragraph break is inserted in the user interface. By default, the
current style is used as the next style.</p>
<p>The <em>style:next-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:next-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylenum-format"><span id="anchor-3580"></span><span
id="anchor-570"></span>style:num-format</h2>
<p>The <em>style:num-format</em> attribute specifies a numbering
sequence. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:num-format</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>1: Hindu-Arabic number sequence starts with 1.</li>
<li>a: number sequence of lowercase Modern Latin basic alphabet
characters starts with “a”.</li>
<li>A: number sequence of uppercase Modern Latin basic alphabet
characters starts with “A”.</li>
<li>i: number sequence of lowercase Roman numerals starts with “i”.</li>
<li>I: number sequence of uppercase Roman numerals start with “I”.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</li>
<li>an empty string: no number sequence displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>If no value is given, no number sequence is displayed. </p>
<p>The <em>style:num-format</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-341">7.5.18.5</a>,
<em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-362">7.5.18.7</a>,
<em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a>, <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-373">7.5.18.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-375">7.5.18.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-377">7.7.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-379">7.5.18.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-412">7.5.18.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-430">7.5.18.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:num-format</em> attribute are 1, i, I, a
value of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>, an empty
string, a or A.</p>
<h2 id="stylenum-letter-sync"><span id="anchor-3581"></span><span
id="anchor-571"></span>style:num-letter-sync</h2>
<p>The <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> attribute specifies whether letter
synchronization shall take place. If letters are used in alphabetical
order for numbering, there are two ways to process overflows within a
digit, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: A new digit is inserted that always has the same value as the
following digit. The numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in
that case is a, b, c, ..., z, aa, bb, cc, ..., zz, aaa, ..., and so
on.</li>
<li>true: A new digit is inserted. Its start value is ”a” or ”A”, and it
is incremented every time an overflow occurs in the following digit. The
numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in that case is a,b,c,
..., z, aa, ab, ac, ...,az, ba, ..., and so on. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:character-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-341">7.5.18.5</a>,
<em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:image-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-362">7.5.18.7</a>,
<em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a>, <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-373">7.5.18.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-375">7.5.18.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-377">7.7.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:paragraph-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-379">7.5.18.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-412">7.5.18.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:word-count&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-430">7.5.18.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylenum-prefix"><span id="anchor-3582"></span><span
id="anchor-2322"></span>style:num-prefix</h2>
<p>The <em>style:num-prefix</em> attribute specifies what to display
before a number.</p>
<p>If the <em>style:num-prefix</em> and <em>style:num-suffix</em> values
do not contain any character that has a Unicode category of Nd, Nl, No,
Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSLT">[XSLT]</span> format attribute can be created from the
attributes by concatenating the values of the <em>style:num-prefix</em>,
<em>style:num-format <a href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a></em>, and
<em>style:num-suffix</em> <a href="#anchor-2015">19.500</a>
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>style:num-prefix</em> attribute can also specify a character
before the value of a <em>text:bullet-char</em> <a
href="#anchor-2345">19.765</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>style:num-prefix</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2218">16.33</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a>, <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:num-prefix</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylenum-suffix"><span id="anchor-3583"></span><span
id="anchor-2323"></span>style:num-suffix</h2>
<p>The <em>style:num-suffix</em> attribute specifies what to display
after a number.</p>
<p>If the <em>style:num-prefix</em> <a href="#anchor-2345">19.765</a>
and <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a> values
do not contain any character that has a Unicode category of Nd, Nl, No,
Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSLT">[XSLT]</span> format attribute can be created from the
attributes by concatenating the values of the <em>style:num-prefix</em>,
<em>style:num-format</em>, and <em>style:num-suffix</em> attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>style:num-suffix</em> attribute can also specify a character
after the value of a <em>text:bullet-char</em> <a
href="#anchor-2345">19.765</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>style:num-suffix</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2218">16.33</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a>, <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:num-suffix</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylepage-layout-name"><span id="anchor-3584"></span><span
id="anchor-1203"></span>style:page-layout-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:page-layout-name</em> attribute specifies a page layout
style that contains sizes, border and orientation attributes. </p>
<p>The <em>style:page-layout-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;presentation:notes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1214">16.19</a>, <em>&lt;style:handout-master&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-211">10.2.1</a> and <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:page-layout-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylepage-usage"><span id="anchor-3585"></span><span
id="anchor-2039"></span>style:page-usage</h2>
<p>The <em>style:page-usage</em> attribute specifies the type of pages
that a master page should generate.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:page-usage</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>all: if there are no <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> or
<em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> elements, the header and footer
content is the same for left and right pages.</li>
<li>left: <em>&lt;style:header-right&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;style:footer-right&gt;</em> elements are ignored.</li>
<li>mirrored: if there are no <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> or
<em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> elements, the header and footer
content is the same for left and right pages.</li>
<li>right: <em>&lt;style:header-left&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;style:footer-left&gt;</em> elements are ignored.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is all.</p>
<p>The <em>style:page-usage</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-180">16.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:page-usage</em> attribute are all, left,
right or mirrored.</p>
<h2 id="styleparent-style-name"><span id="anchor-3586"></span><span
id="anchor-2019"></span>style:parent-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:parent-style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of
a parent style. The parent style cannot be an automatic style and shall
exist.</p>
<p>If a parent style is not specified, the default style which has the
same <em>style:family</em> <a href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a> attribute
value as the current style is used.</p>
<p>The <em>style:parent-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:parent-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylepercentage-data-style-name"><span
id="anchor-3587"></span><span
id="anchor-2020"></span>style:percentage-data-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:percentage-data-style-name</em> attribute references
the name of a percentage data style.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with
<em>chart:data-label-number</em> attribute when the
<em>chart:data-label-number</em> attribute has the value percentage or
the value value-and-percentage.</p>
<p>The <em>style:percentage-data-style-name</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-199">16.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:percentage-data-style-name</em> attribute has the data
type <em>styleNameRef</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleposition"><span id="anchor-3588"></span><span
id="anchor-861"></span>style:position</h2>
<h3 id="general-83"><span id="anchor-3589"></span>General</h3>
<p>This attribute defines a position.</p>
<h3 id="stylebackground-image-1"><span id="anchor-3590"></span><span
id="attribute-style:position_element-style:background-image"></span>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:position</em> attribute specifies the position of a
background image. Its value can be a space-separated combination of top,
center or bottom for the vertical position and left, center or right for
the horizontal position. The vertical and horizontal positions can be
specified in any order. If one position is specified, the other position
defaults to center. </p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a> element the default value for this
attribute is center.</p>
<p>The <em>style:position</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:position</em> attribute are left, center,
right, top, bottom, or two white space separated values, that may appear
in any order. One of these values is one of: left, center or right. The
other value is one of: top, center or bottom.</p>
<h3 id="styletab-stop-1"><span id="anchor-3591"></span><span
id="attribute-style:position_element-style:tab-stop"></span>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:position</em> attribute specifies the position of a tab
stop. Depending on the value of the
<em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-768">19.861</a> attribute in the
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a></em>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; <a
href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a></em>, <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;
<a href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a></em>,
<em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>
or <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a> parent element, the position of the tab is
interpreted as being relative to the left margin or the left indent.
</p>
<p>The <em>style:position</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-tab-stop-1"><span id="anchor-3592"></span><span
id="attribute-style:position_element-text:index-entry-tab-stop"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:position</em> attribute specifies the position of a tab
stop. If the value of the <em>style:type</em> attribute is left, then
this attribute shall be present. Otherwise, it shall be omitted. </p>
<p>Depending on the value of the
<em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-768">19.861</a> attribute in the
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt; <a
href="#anchor-794">8.5.2</a></em>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt; <a
href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a></em>, <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;
<a href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a></em>,
<em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>
or <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a> parent element, the position of the tab is
interpreted as being relative to the left margin or the left indent.</p>
<p>The <em>style:position</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylerel-height"><span id="anchor-3593"></span><span
id="anchor-1335"></span>style:rel-height</h2>
<p>The <em>style:rel-height</em> attribute specifies height of a drawing
object as a relative value within a frame. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:rel-height</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>scale: the height should be calculated depending on the width, so
that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size
is preserved.</li>
<li>scale-min: the height should be calculated as for value scale, but
the calculated height is a minimum height rather than an absolute
one.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The interpretation of percentage values depends on the anchor of the
drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell,
the percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the
anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value is
relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, the percentage
values is relative to the width of the page or window.</p>
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width and heights,
producers should also provide the height in <em>svg:height</em> and
<em>fo:min-height</em> attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:rel-height</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>, scale or
scale-min.</p>
<h2 id="stylerel-width"><span id="anchor-3594"></span><span
id="anchor-1336"></span>style:rel-width</h2>
<h3 id="general-84"><span id="anchor-3595"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute specifies widths.</p>
<h3 id="drawframe-3"><span id="anchor-3596"></span><span
id="attribute-style:rel-width_element-draw:frame"></span>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute specifies the width of a
drawing object as a relative value within a frame. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>scale:the width should be calculated depending on the height, so
that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size
is preserved.</li>
<li>scale-min: the width should be calculated as for value scale, but
the calculated width is a minimum width rather than an absolute
one.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The interpretation of percentage values depends on the anchor of the
drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell,
the percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the
anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value is
relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, the percentage
values is relative to the width of the page or window.</p>
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width, producers
should also provide the width and heights in the <em>svg:width</em> and
<em>fo:min-width</em> attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>, scale or
scale-min.</p>
<h3 id="stylecolumn-1"><span id="anchor-3597"></span><span
id="attribute-style:rel-width_element-style:column"></span>&lt;style:column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute specifies the width of a
column. </p>
<p>Column widths are specified as relative widths, that is, a number
followed by a "*" (U+002A, ASTERISK) character. The space available for
columns is distributed according to their relative widths."</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2539">17.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>relativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-relativeLength">18.3.27</a>.</p>
<h3 id="stylefootnote-sep-1"><span id="anchor-3598"></span><span
id="attribute-style:rel-width_element-style:footnote-sep"></span>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute specifies the length of the
footnote separator line as a percentage of the body-text area.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2464">17.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylerepeat"><span id="anchor-3599"></span><span
id="anchor-2468"></span>style:repeat</h2>
<p>The <em>style:repeat</em> attribute specifies if an image can be
repeated or stretched over an area. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:repeat</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>no-repeat: image should not be repeated.</li>
<li>repeat: image should be repeated.</li>
<li>stretch: image should be stretched over an area.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a> element the default value for this
attribute is repeat.</p>
<p>The <em>style:repeat</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:repeat</em> attribute are no-repeat,
repeat or stretch.</p>
<h2 id="stylerfc-language-tag"><span id="anchor-3600"></span><span
id="anchor-827"></span>style:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute specifies a language
identifier according to the rules of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors.</p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid
combination of the <em>fo:language <a
href="#anchor-836">19.871</a></em>, <em>fo:script</em> <a
href="#anchor-826">19.242</a> and <em>fo:country</em> <a
href="#anchor-824">19.234</a> attributes.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note. Producers may choose to assist consumers that don't support the
style:rfc-language-tag attribute by specifying fo:language, fo:script
and fo:country attributes with values whose combination is otherwise
invalid and whose interpretation is therefore
implementation-dependent.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute has the data type
<em>language</em> <a href="#anchor-270">18.3.16</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylestyle-3"><span id="anchor-3601"></span><span
id="anchor-2548"></span>style:style</h2>
<p>The <em>style:style</em> attribute specifies the line style of a
column separator line.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:style</em> attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li>none: no separator line.</li>
<li>dashed: dashed separator line.</li>
<li>dot-dashed: separator line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed
by a dash.</li>
<li>dotted: dotted separator line.</li>
<li>solid: solid separator line.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is solid.</p>
<p>The <em>style:style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2540">17.14</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:style</em> attribute are none, solid,
dotted, dashed or dot-dashed.</p>
<h2 id="stylestyle-name"><span id="anchor-3602"></span><span
id="anchor-2528"></span>style:style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:style-name</em> attribute specifies the text style to
apply to characters specified by a <em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>style:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:drop-cap&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2512">17.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletype"><span id="anchor-3603"></span><span
id="anchor-862"></span>style:type</h2>
<h3 id="general-85"><span id="anchor-3604"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>style:type</em> attribute specifies a tab stop type.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-tab-stop-2"><span id="anchor-3605"></span><span
id="attribute-style:type_element-text:index-entry-tab-stop"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:type</em> attribute specifies the type of a tab stop
within an index entry template. If the value of this attribute is left,
the <em>style:position</em> attribute shall also be present. Otherwise,
this attribute shall be omitted.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>left: text is left aligned with a tab stop.</li>
<li>right: text is right aligned with a tab stop.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:type</em> attribute are right or
left.</p>
<h3 id="styletab-stop-2"><span id="anchor-3606"></span><span
id="attribute-style:type_element-style:tab-stop"></span>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:type</em> attribute specifies the type of a tab stop
within paragraph formatting properties. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>center: text is centered on a tab stop.</li>
<li>char: character appears at a tab stop position.</li>
<li>left: text is left aligned with a tab stop.</li>
<li>right: text is right aligned with a tab stop.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>
element the default value for this attribute is left.</p>
<p>The <em>style:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2515">17.8</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:type</em> attribute are left, center,
right or char.</p>
<h2 id="stylevertical-align"><span id="anchor-3607"></span><span
id="anchor-2549"></span>style:vertical-align</h2>
<p>The <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute specifies how to
vertically align a line in a columned area. The value of this attribute
can be either top, middle, or bottom.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>bottom: line is aligned with the bottom of a columned area.</li>
<li>middle: line is aligned with the middle of a columned area.</li>
<li>top: line is aligned with the top of a columned area.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> element the default value for
this attribute is top.</p>
<p>The <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2540">17.14</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute are top,
middle or bottom.</p>
<h2 id="stylevolatile"><span id="anchor-3608"></span><span
id="anchor-2149"></span>style:volatile</h2>
<p>The <em>style:volatile</em> attribute specifies whether unused style
in a document are retained or discarded by consumers.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:volatile</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: consumers should discard the unused styles.</li>
<li>true: consumers should keep unused styles.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:volatile</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;number:boolean-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-189">16.29.24</a>, <em>&lt;number:currency-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-190">16.29.8</a>, <em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>, <em>&lt;number:number-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-192">16.29.2</a>, <em>&lt;number:percentage-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-193">16.29.10</a>, <em>&lt;number:text-style&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-194">16.29.26</a> and
<em>&lt;number:time-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-195">16.29.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:volatile</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylewidth"><span id="anchor-3609"></span><span
id="anchor-2475"></span>style:width</h2>
<h3 id="general-86"><span id="anchor-3610"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>style:width</em> attribute specifies a width. </p>
<h3 id="stylecolumn-sep-1"><span id="anchor-3611"></span><span
id="attribute-style:width_element-style:column-sep"></span>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:width</em> attribute specifies the width of a column
separation.</p>
<p>The <em>style:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:column-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2540">17.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="stylefootnote-sep-2"><span id="anchor-3612"></span><span
id="attribute-style:width_element-style:footnote-sep"></span>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:width</em> attribute width or thickness of a line.</p>
<p>The <em>style:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:footnote-sep&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2464">17.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgaccent-height"><span id="anchor-3613"></span><span
id="anchor-2092"></span>svg:accent-height</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:accent-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:accent-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgalphabetic"><span id="anchor-3614"></span><span
id="anchor-2093"></span>svg:alphabetic</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:alphabetic</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:alphabetic</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgascent"><span id="anchor-3615"></span><span
id="anchor-2094"></span>svg:ascent</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:ascent</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:ascent</em> attribute has the data type <em>integer</em>
<a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgbbox"><span id="anchor-3616"></span><span
id="anchor-2095"></span>svg:bbox</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:bbox</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:bbox</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgcap-height"><span id="anchor-3617"></span><span
id="anchor-2096"></span>svg:cap-height</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cap-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cap-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgcx"><span id="anchor-3618"></span><span
id="anchor-1275"></span>svg:cx</h2>
<h3 id="drawarea-circle-2"><span id="anchor-3619"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:cx_element-draw:area-circle"></span>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:cx</em> attribute defines the x-axis coordinate of the
center of a circular image map area.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cx</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cx</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em>
<a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcircle-3"><span id="anchor-3620"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:cx_element-draw:circle"></span>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.3 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cx</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cx</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em>
<a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawellipse-3"><span id="anchor-3621"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:cx_element-draw:ellipse"></span>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.4 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cx</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cx</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em>
<a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svgradialgradient-3"><span id="anchor-3622"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:cx_element-svg:radialGradient"></span>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 50%.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cx</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:cx</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgcy"><span id="anchor-3623"></span><span
id="anchor-1276"></span>svg:cy</h2>
<h3 id="drawarea-circle-3"><span id="anchor-3624"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:cy_element-draw:area-circle"></span>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:cy</em> attribute defines the y-axis coordinate of the
center of a circular image map area.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cy</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cy</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em>
<a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcircle-4"><span id="anchor-3625"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:cy_element-draw:circle"></span>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.3 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cy</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cy</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em>
<a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawellipse-4"><span id="anchor-3626"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:cy_element-draw:ellipse"></span>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.4 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cy</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cy</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em>
<a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svgradialgradient-4"><span id="anchor-3627"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:cy_element-svg:radialGradient"></span>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 50%.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:cy</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:cy</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgd"><span id="anchor-3628"></span><span
id="anchor-1270"></span>svg:d</h2>
<p>See §8 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:d</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1338">10.4.11.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-186">16.42.8</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:d</em> attribute has the data type <em>pathData</em> <a
href="#datatype-pathData">18.3.22</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgdescent"><span id="anchor-3629"></span><span
id="anchor-2097"></span>svg:descent</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:descent</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:descent</em> attribute has the data type <em>integer</em>
<a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgfont-family"><span id="anchor-3630"></span><span
id="anchor-2098"></span>svg:font-family</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:font-family</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:font-family</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgfont-size"><span id="anchor-3631"></span><span
id="anchor-2099"></span>svg:font-size</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:font-size</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:font-size</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgfont-stretch"><span id="anchor-3632"></span><span
id="anchor-2100"></span>svg:font-stretch</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:font-stretch</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:font-stretch</em> attribute are normal,
ultra-condensed, extra-condensed, condensed, semi-condensed,
semi-expanded, expanded, extra-expanded or ultra-expanded.</p>
<h2 id="svgfont-style"><span id="anchor-3633"></span><span
id="anchor-2101"></span>svg:font-style</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:font-style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:font-style</em> attribute are normal,
italic or oblique.</p>
<h2 id="svgfont-variant"><span id="anchor-3634"></span><span
id="anchor-2102"></span>svg:font-variant</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:font-variant</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:font-variant</em> attribute are normal or
small-caps.</p>
<h2 id="svgfont-weight"><span id="anchor-3635"></span><span
id="anchor-2103"></span>svg:font-weight</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:font-weight</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:font-weight</em> attribute are normal,
bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<h2 id="svgfx"><span id="anchor-3636"></span><span
id="anchor-2379"></span>svg:fx</h2>
<p>See §13.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:fx</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:fx</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgfy"><span id="anchor-3637"></span><span
id="anchor-2380"></span>svg:fy</h2>
<p>See §13.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:fy</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:fy</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svggradienttransform"><span id="anchor-3638"></span><span
id="anchor-2374"></span>svg:gradientTransform</h2>
<p>See §13.2.2 and §13.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:gradientTransform</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a> and <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:gradientTransform</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svggradientunits"><span id="anchor-3639"></span><span
id="anchor-2375"></span>svg:gradientUnits</h2>
<p>See §13.2.2 and §13.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is objectBoundingBox.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:gradientUnits</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a> and <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The only value of the <em>svg:gradientUnits</em> attribute is
objectBoundingBox.</p>
<h2 id="svghanging"><span id="anchor-3640"></span><span
id="anchor-2104"></span>svg:hanging</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:hanging</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:hanging</em> attribute has the data type <em>integer</em>
<a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgheight"><span id="anchor-3641"></span><span
id="anchor-1243"></span>svg:height</h2>
<h3 id="chartchart-1"><span id="anchor-3642"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-chart:chart"></span>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute defines the height of the entire
chart. If it is omitted, the size of the chart is determined by the size
of the window in which the chart is displayed.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartlegend-1"><span id="anchor-3643"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-chart:legend"></span>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute defines the height of a legend.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartcoordinate-region-1"><span id="anchor-3644"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-chart:coordinate-region"></span>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<p>The svg:height attribute defines the height of a positioning
rectangle, see <a href="#element-chart:coordinate-region">11.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-chart:coordinate-region">11.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartplot-area-2"><span id="anchor-3645"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-chart:plot-area"></span>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute defines the height of the plot-area
including axis labels.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dscene-3"><span id="anchor-3646"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-dr3d:scene"></span>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute specifies the height of the
viewport. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-polygon-2"><span id="anchor-3647"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:area-polygon"></span>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute defines the height of a polygonal
image map area's bounding box.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-rectangle-2"><span id="anchor-3648"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:area-rectangle"></span>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute defines the height of a rectangular
image map area.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcontour-polygon-drawcontour-path"><span
id="anchor-3649"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:contour-path"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:contour-polygon"></span>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;,
&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute defines the height of a contour's
bounding box.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1338">10.4.11.3</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1339">10.4.11.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawfill-image-3"><span id="anchor-3650"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:fill-image"></span>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute may be used to specify the height
of a linked image. Its value is overridden by the height of the linked
image resource.</p>
<p> This attribute can be used to estimate the size of a fill image
without loading the image data.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3
id="drawcaption-drawcustom-shape-drawcircle-drawcontrol-drawellipse-drawframe-drawrect-drawpage-thumbnail-drawpath-drawpolygon-drawpolyline-drawregular-polygon"><span
id="anchor-3651"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:polyline"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:caption"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:control"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:polygon"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:ellipse"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:circle"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:rect"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:frame"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:page-thumbnail"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:regular-polygon"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:custom-shape"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-draw:path"></span>&lt;draw:caption&gt;,
&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;,
&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;,
&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;,
&lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>See §5.1.2 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.
For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the length refers
to the drawing shape's bounding box.</p>
<p>If the <em>svg:width</em> and <em>svg:height</em> attributes specify
different values for a <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> element, the radius
of the circle is derived from the smaller of the two values, and the
circle is centered within the bounding box.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officeannotation-3"><span id="anchor-3652"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-office:annotation"></span>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute specifies the height of the
rectangular which displays the annotation. Its meaning is the same as
for a <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> element. See <a
href="#anchor-3653">19.575.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationplaceholder-2"><span id="anchor-3654"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:height_element-presentation:placeholder"></span>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<p>See <a href="#anchor-3653">19.575.12</a>. Percentage values are
relative to the height of the drawing page. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2405">16.44</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:height</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgideographic"><span id="anchor-3655"></span><span
id="anchor-2105"></span>svg:ideographic</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:ideographic</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:ideographic</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgmathematical"><span id="anchor-3656"></span><span
id="anchor-2106"></span>svg:mathematical</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:mathematical</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:mathematical</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgname"><span id="anchor-3657"></span><span
id="anchor-2131"></span>svg:name</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:name</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;svg:font-face-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2128">16.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgoffset"><span id="anchor-3658"></span><span
id="anchor-2382"></span>svg:offset</h2>
<p>See §13.2.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:offset</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2377">16.42.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:offset</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a> or a value of type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgorigin"><span id="anchor-3659"></span><span
id="anchor-1968"></span>svg:origin</h2>
<p>See §19.2.12 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: SVG relies upon the definition of origin in SMIL, see: <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-smil-animation-20010904/#MotionOriginAttribute">http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-smil-animation-20010904/#MotionOriginAttribute</a>.
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>svg:origin</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:origin</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgoverline-position"><span id="anchor-3660"></span><span
id="anchor-2107"></span>svg:overline-position</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:overline-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:overline-position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgoverline-thickness"><span id="anchor-3661"></span><span
id="anchor-2108"></span>svg:overline-thickness</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:overline-thickness</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:overline-thickness</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgpanose-1"><span id="anchor-3662"></span><span
id="anchor-2109"></span>svg:panose-1</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:panose-1</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:panose-1</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgpath"><span id="anchor-3663"></span><span
id="anchor-1969"></span>svg:path</h2>
<p>See §19.2.12 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:path</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;anim:animateMotion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1220">15.2.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:path</em> attribute has the data type <em>pathData</em>
<a href="#datatype-pathData">18.3.22</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgr"><span id="anchor-3664"></span><span
id="anchor-1277"></span>svg:r</h2>
<h3 id="drawarea-circle-4"><span id="anchor-3665"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:r_element-draw:area-circle"></span>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:r</em> attribute defines the radius of a circular image
map area.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:r</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:r</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcircle-5"><span id="anchor-3666"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:r_element-draw:circle"></span>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:r</em> attribute defines the radius of a circle. The use
of this attribute is defined by §9.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: If a <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> element does not have a value
for the <em>svg:r</em> attribute, then its <em>svg:x</em>,
<em>svg:y</em>, <em>svg:height</em>, and <em>svg:width</em> attributes
can be used to define the geometry of a circle.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>svg:r</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:r</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svgradialgradient-5"><span id="anchor-3667"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:r_element-svg:radialGradient"></span>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 50%.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:r</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:r</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgrx"><span id="anchor-3668"></span><span
id="anchor-1244"></span>svg:rx</h2>
<p>See §9.4 of<span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:rx</em> and <em>svg:ry</em> attributes can be used to
round off the corners of a rectangle. The <em>svg:rx</em> attribute
specifies the x-axis radius of the ellipse used to round off the corners
of a rectangle. The <em>svg:ry</em> attribute specifies the y-axis
radius of that ellipse. If only the <em>svg:rx</em> attribute is present
then its value will be used for <em>svg:ry</em>. If only a
<em>svg:ry</em> attribute is present then its value will be used for
<em>svg:rx</em>.</p>
<p>For use of this attribute with <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> see §9.2 of
<span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>. </p>
<p>For use of this attribute with <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> see §9.4
of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:rx</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:rx</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgry"><span id="anchor-3669"></span><span
id="anchor-1245"></span>svg:ry</h2>
<p>See §9.4 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.
</p>
<p>The <em>svg:rx</em> and <em>svg:ry</em> attributes can be used to
round off the corners of a rectangle. The <em>svg:rx</em> attribute
specifies the x-axis radius of the ellipse used to round off the corners
of a rectangle. The <em>svg:ry</em> attribute specifies the y-axis
radius of that ellipse. If only the <em>svg:rx</em> attribute is present
then its value will be used for <em>svg:ry</em>. If only a
<em>svg:ry</em> attribute is present then its value will be used for
<em>svg:rx</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:ry</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:ry</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgslope"><span id="anchor-3670"></span><span
id="anchor-2110"></span>svg:slope</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:slope</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:slope</em> attribute has the data type <em>integer</em>
<a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgspreadmethod"><span id="anchor-3671"></span><span
id="anchor-2376"></span>svg:spreadMethod</h2>
<p>See §13.2.2 and §13.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is pad.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:spreadMethod</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a> and <em>&lt;svg:radialGradient&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-201">16.42.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:spreadMethod</em> attribute are pad,
reflect or repeat.</p>
<h2 id="svgstemh"><span id="anchor-3672"></span><span
id="anchor-2111"></span>svg:stemh</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stemh</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stemh</em> attribute has the data type <em>integer</em>
<a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgstemv"><span id="anchor-3673"></span><span
id="anchor-2112"></span>svg:stemv</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stemv</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stemv</em> attribute has the data type <em>integer</em>
<a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgstop-color"><span id="anchor-3674"></span><span
id="anchor-2383"></span>svg:stop-color</h2>
<p>See §13.2.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stop-color</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2377">16.42.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stop-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgstop-opacity"><span id="anchor-3675"></span><span
id="anchor-2384"></span>svg:stop-opacity</h2>
<p>See §13.2.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stop-opacity</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;svg:stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2377">16.42.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stop-opacity</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgstrikethrough-position"><span id="anchor-3676"></span><span
id="anchor-2113"></span>svg:strikethrough-position</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:strikethrough-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:strikethrough-position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgstrikethrough-thickness"><span id="anchor-3677"></span><span
id="anchor-2114"></span>svg:strikethrough-thickness</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:strikethrough-thickness</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:strikethrough-thickness</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgstring"><span id="anchor-3678"></span><span
id="anchor-2136"></span>svg:string</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:string</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;svg:font-face-format&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2133">16.28</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:string</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgtype"><span id="anchor-3679"></span><span
id="anchor-1965"></span>svg:type</h2>
<p>See §19.2.14 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:type</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;anim:animateTransform&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1221">15.2.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:type</em> attribute are translate, scale,
rotate, skewX or skewY.</p>
<h2 id="svgunderline-position"><span id="anchor-3680"></span><span
id="anchor-2115"></span>svg:underline-position</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:underline-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:underline-position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgunderline-thickness"><span id="anchor-3681"></span><span
id="anchor-2116"></span>svg:underline-thickness</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:underline-thickness</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:underline-thickness</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgunicode-range"><span id="anchor-3682"></span><span
id="anchor-2117"></span>svg:unicode-range</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:unicode-range</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:unicode-range</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgunits-per-em"><span id="anchor-3683"></span><span
id="anchor-2118"></span>svg:units-per-em</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:units-per-em</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:units-per-em</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgv-alphabetic"><span id="anchor-3684"></span><span
id="anchor-2119"></span>svg:v-alphabetic</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:v-alphabetic</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:v-alphabetic</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgv-hanging"><span id="anchor-3685"></span><span
id="anchor-2120"></span>svg:v-hanging</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:v-hanging</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:v-hanging</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgv-ideographic"><span id="anchor-3686"></span><span
id="anchor-2121"></span>svg:v-ideographic</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:v-ideographic</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:v-ideographic</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgv-mathematical"><span id="anchor-3687"></span><span
id="anchor-2122"></span>svg:v-mathematical</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:v-mathematical</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:v-mathematical</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgviewbox"><span id="anchor-3688"></span><span
id="anchor-1263"></span>svg:viewBox</h2>
<p>The <em>svg:viewBox</em> attribute specifies a rectangle in a local
coordinate system of a shape. The syntax for using this attribute is the
same as the <a href="#nref-svg">[SVG]</a> syntax. The value of the
attribute are four numbers separated by white spaces, which define the
left, top, width, and height of the rectangle. Such local coordinate
system is used by the <em>draw:points</em> <a
href="#anchor-1262">19.206</a> and <em>svg:d</em> <a
href="#anchor-1270">19.530</a> attributes, as well as by the attributes
of <em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a> element and its child elements which
specify coordinates.</p>
<p>The rectangle specified be the <em>svg:viewBox</em> attribute is
mapped to the rectangle in the outer coordinate system, specified by the
position and size attributes of the shape.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:viewBox</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1338">10.4.11.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1339">10.4.11.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:enhanced-geometry&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1231">10.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:marker&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-186">16.42.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a> and <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:viewBox</em> attribute are four white space
separated values of type <em>integer</em> <a
href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgwidth"><span id="anchor-3689"></span><span
id="anchor-1246"></span>svg:width</h2>
<h3 id="chartchart-2"><span id="anchor-3690"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-chart:chart"></span>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute defines the width of a chart. If it
is omitted, the size of a chart is determined by the size of its
&lt;chart:chart&gt; <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a> document or its
containing element in another document. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartcoordinate-region-2"><span id="anchor-3691"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-chart:coordinate-region"></span>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute defines the width of a positioning
rectangle, see <a href="#element-chart:coordinate-region">11.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-chart:coordinate-region">11.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartfloor-1"><span id="anchor-3692"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-chart:floor"></span>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute defines the thickness of a
floor.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:floor&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1585">11.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartlegend-2"><span id="anchor-3693"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-chart:legend"></span>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute defines the width of a legend.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartplot-area-3"><span id="anchor-3694"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-chart:plot-area"></span>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute defines the width of a plot-area
including axis labels.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartwall-1"><span id="anchor-3695"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-chart:wall"></span>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute specifies the thickness of a wall
for three-dimensional charts.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:wall&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1590">11.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dscene-4"><span id="anchor-3696"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-dr3d:scene"></span>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute specifies the width of the viewport.
</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-polygon-3"><span id="anchor-3697"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:area-polygon"></span>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute defines the width of a polygonal
image map area's bounding box.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-rectangle-3"><span id="anchor-3698"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:area-rectangle"></span>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute defines the width of a rectangular
image map area.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawcontour-polygon-drawcontour-path-1"><span
id="anchor-3699"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:contour-path"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:contour-polygon"></span>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;,
&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute defines the width of a contour's
bounding box.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:contour-path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1338">10.4.11.3</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:contour-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1339">10.4.11.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawfill-image-4"><span id="anchor-3700"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:fill-image"></span>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute may be used to specify the width of
a linked image. Its value is overridden by the width of the linked image
resource.</p>
<p> This attribute can be used to estimate the size of a fill image
without loading the image data.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3
id="drawcaption-drawcustom-shape-drawcircle-drawcontrol-drawellipse-drawframe-drawrect-drawpage-thumbnail-drawpath-drawpolygon-drawpolyline-drawregular-polygon-1"><span
id="anchor-3701"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:control"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:regular-polygon"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:custom-shape"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:path"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:circle"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:polygon"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:page-thumbnail"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:ellipse"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:frame"></span><span
id="anchor-3653"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:rect"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-draw:polyline"></span>&lt;draw:caption&gt;,
&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;,
&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;,
&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;,
&lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>See §5.1.2 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.
For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the length refers
to the drawing shape's bounding box.</p>
<p>If the <em>svg:width</em> and <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-824">19.234</a> attributes specify different values for a
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> element, the radius of the circle is
derived from the smaller of the two values, and the circle is centered
within the bounding box.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officeannotation-4"><span id="anchor-3702"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-office:annotation"></span>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute specifies the width of the
rectangular which displays the annotation. Its meaning is the same as
for a <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> element. See <a
href="#anchor-3653">19.575.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationplaceholder-3"><span id="anchor-3703"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:width_element-presentation:placeholder"></span>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<p>See <a href="#anchor-3653">19.575.12</a>. Percentage values are
relative to the width of the drawing page. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2405">16.44</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:width</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgwidths"><span id="anchor-3704"></span><span
id="anchor-2123"></span>svg:widths</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:widths</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:widths</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgx"><span id="anchor-3705"></span><span
id="anchor-1247"></span>svg:x</h2>
<h3 id="chartcoordinate-region-3"><span id="anchor-3706"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-chart:coordinate-region"></span>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute specifies the horizontal distance of the
upper left corner of the <em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em>
element from the upper left corner of the <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em>
element. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-chart:coordinate-region">11.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3
id="chartdata-label-chartequation-chartfooter-chartlegend-chartplot-area-chartsubtitle-charttitle"><span
id="anchor-3707"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-chart:footer"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-chart:plot-area"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-chart:legend"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-chart:data-label"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-chart:equation"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-chart:subtitle"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-chart:title"></span>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;,
&lt;chart:equation&gt;, &lt;chart:footer&gt;, &lt;chart:legend&gt;,
&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt;,
&lt;chart:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute specifies the horizontal distance of the
upper-left corner of the given element from the upper-left corner of the
<em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-432">11.15</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-433">11.19</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-434">11.2.3</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-437">11.2.2</a> and
<em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-438">11.2.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-polygon-4"><span id="anchor-3708"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:area-polygon"></span>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute defines the x-axis coordinate of a
polygonal image map area's bounding box.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-rectangle-4"><span id="anchor-3709"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:area-rectangle"></span>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute defines the x-axis coordinate of a
rectangular image map area.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dscene-5"><span id="anchor-3710"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-dr3d:scene"></span>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute specifies the horizontal position of the
left edge of the viewport.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3
id="drawcaption-drawcustom-shape-drawcircle-drawcontrol-drawellipse-drawframe-drawrect-drawpage-thumbnail-drawpath-drawpolygon-drawpolyline-drawregular-polygon-2"><span
id="anchor-3711"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:ellipse"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:rect"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:frame"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:polygon"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:regular-polygon"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:path"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:control"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:custom-shape"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:caption"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:polyline"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:page-thumbnail"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:circle"></span>&lt;draw:caption&gt;,
&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;,
&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:rect&gt;,
&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;, &lt;draw:polygon&gt;,
&lt;draw:polyline&gt;, &lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>See §5.1.2 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.
For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the coordinate
refers to the drawing shape's bounding box.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawglue-point-2"><span id="anchor-3712"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-draw:glue-point"></span>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute specifies the horizontal position of the
glue point. The coordinate is either a percentage value relative to the
drawing shape's center measured horizontally, or, if the
<em>draw:align</em> <a href="#anchor-1300">19.111</a> attribute is also
specified, an absolute distance value relative to the edge specified by
the <em>draw:align</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:x</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>distance</em> <a href="#datatype-distance">18.3.15</a> or a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officeannotation-5"><span id="anchor-3713"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-office:annotation"></span>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute specifies the horizontal position of an
annotation. Its meaning is the same as for a
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> element. See <a
href="#attribute-svg:x_element-draw:caption">19.577.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationplaceholder-4"><span id="anchor-3714"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x_element-presentation:placeholder"></span>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<p>See <a href="#attribute-svg:x_element-draw:caption">19.577.6</a>.
Percentage values are relative to the height of the drawing page. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2405">16.44</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:x</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgx1"><span id="anchor-3715"></span><span
id="anchor-1257"></span>svg:x1</h2>
<h3 id="drawconnector-drawline-and-drawmeasure"><span
id="anchor-3716"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x1_element-draw:connector"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x1_element-draw:line"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x1_element-draw:measure"></span>&lt;draw:connector&gt;,
&lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.5 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x1</em> attribute may be omitted on
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> elements when the connector is connected
to a shape by a <em>draw:start-shape</em> <a
href="#anchor-1285">19.217</a> attribute. The start position then is the
position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x1</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x1</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em>
<a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svglineargradient-3"><span id="anchor-3717"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x1_element-svg:linearGradient"></span>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 0%.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x1</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:x1</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgx2"><span id="anchor-3718"></span><span
id="anchor-1258"></span>svg:x2 </h2>
<h3 id="drawconnector-drawline-and-drawmeasure-1"><span
id="anchor-3719"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x2_element-draw:measure"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x2_element-draw:line"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x2_element-draw:connector"></span>&lt;draw:connector&gt;,
&lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.5 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x2</em> attribute may be omitted on
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> elements when the connector is connected
to a shape by a <em>draw:end-shape</em> <a
href="#anchor-1283">19.144</a> attribute. The end position then is the
position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x2</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x2</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em>
<a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svglineargradient-4"><span id="anchor-3720"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:x2_element-svg:linearGradient"></span>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 100%.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x2</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:x2</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgx-height"><span id="anchor-3721"></span><span
id="anchor-2124"></span>svg:x-height</h2>
<p>See §20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgy"><span id="anchor-3722"></span><span
id="anchor-1248"></span>svg:y</h2>
<h3 id="chartcoordinate-region-4"><span id="anchor-3723"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-chart:coordinate-region"></span>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute specifies the vertical distance of the
upper left corner of the <em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em>
element from the upper left-corner of the <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-chart:coordinate-region">11.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3
id="chartdata-label-chartequation-chartfooter-chartlegend-chartplot-area-chartsubtitle-charttitle-1"><span
id="anchor-3724"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-chart:equation"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-chart:legend"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-chart:data-label"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-chart:title"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-chart:plot-area"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-chart:footer"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-chart:subtitle"></span>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;,
&lt;chart:equation&gt;, &lt;chart:footer&gt;, &lt;chart:legend&gt;,
&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;, &lt;chart:subtitle&gt;,
&lt;chart:title&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute specifies the vertical distance of the
upper-left corner of the given element from the upper-left corner of the
<em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-432">11.15</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:equation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-433">11.19</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-434">11.2.3</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-436">11.4</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-437">11.2.2</a> and
<em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-438">11.2.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-polygon-5"><span id="anchor-3725"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:area-polygon"></span>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute defines the y-axis coordinate of a
polygonal image map area's bounding box.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-rectangle-5"><span id="anchor-3726"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:area-rectangle"></span>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attributes defines the y-axis coordinate of a
rectangular image map area.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dr3dscene-6"><span id="anchor-3727"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-dr3d:scene"></span>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute specifies the vertical position of the
top edge of the viewport.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3
id="drawcaption-drawcustom-shape-drawcircle-drawcontrol-drawellipse-drawframe-drawg-drawrect-drawpage-thumbnail-drawpath-drawpolygon-drawpolyline-drawregular-polygon"><span
id="anchor-3728"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:polyline"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:frame"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:rect"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:g"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:polygon"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:ellipse"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:control"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:custom-shape"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:circle"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:page-thumbnail"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:regular-polygon"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:path"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:caption"></span>&lt;draw:caption&gt;,
&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;, &lt;draw:circle&gt;, &lt;draw:control&gt;,
&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;, &lt;draw:frame&gt;, &lt;draw:g&gt;,
&lt;draw:rect&gt;, &lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;, &lt;draw:path&gt;,
&lt;draw:polygon&gt;, &lt;draw:polyline&gt;,
&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>See §5.1.2 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.
For drawing shapes that have a non-rectangular shape, the coordinate
refers to the drawing shape's bounding box.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawglue-point-3"><span id="anchor-3729"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-draw:glue-point"></span>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute specifies the vertical position of the
glue point. The coordinate is either a percentage value relative to the
drawing shape's center measured vertically, or, if the
<em>draw:align</em> <a href="#anchor-1300">19.111</a> attribute is also
specified, an absolute distance value relative to the edge specified by
the <em>draw:align</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:glue-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1255">10.3.16</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:y</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>distance</em> <a href="#datatype-distance">18.3.15</a> or a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h3 id="officeannotation-6"><span id="anchor-3730"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-office:annotation"></span>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute specifies the position where the
annotation is displayed. Its meaning is the same as for a
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> element. See <a
href="#attribute-svg:x_element-draw:caption">19.577.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationplaceholder-5"><span id="anchor-3731"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y_element-presentation:placeholder"></span>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</h3>
<p>See <a href="#attribute-svg:y_element-draw:caption">19.581.6</a>.
Percentage values are relative to the height of the drawing page. </p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;presentation:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2405">16.44</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:y</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgy1"><span id="anchor-3732"></span><span
id="anchor-1259"></span>svg:y1</h2>
<h3 id="drawconnector-drawline-and-drawmeasure-2"><span
id="anchor-3733"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y1_element-draw:connector"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y1_element-draw:measure"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y1_element-draw:line"></span>&lt;draw:connector&gt;,
&lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.5 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y1</em> attribute may be omitted on
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> elements when the connector is connected
to a shape by a <em>draw:start-shape</em> <a
href="#anchor-1285">19.217</a> attribute. The start position then is the
position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y1</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y1</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em>
<a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svglineargradient-5"><span id="anchor-3734"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y1_element-svg:linearGradient"></span>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 0%.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y1</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:y1</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgy2"><span id="anchor-3735"></span><span
id="anchor-1260"></span>svg:y2</h2>
<h3 id="drawconnector-drawline-and-drawmeasure-3"><span
id="anchor-3736"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y2_element-draw:measure"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y2_element-draw:connector"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y2_element-draw:line"></span>&lt;draw:connector&gt;,
&lt;draw:line&gt; and &lt;draw:measure&gt;</h3>
<p>See §9.5 of <span class="citation" data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y2</em> attribute may be omitted on
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> elements when the connector is connected
to a shape by a <em>draw:end-shape</em> <a
href="#anchor-1283">19.144</a> attribute. The end position then is the
position of the glue point to which the connector is connected.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y2</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a> and
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y2</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em>
<a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svglineargradient-6"><span id="anchor-3737"></span><span
id="attribute-svg:y2_element-svg:linearGradient"></span>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</h3>
<p>See §13.3.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 100%.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y2</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;svg:linearGradient&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-200">16.42.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:y2</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableacceptance-state"><span id="anchor-3738"></span><span
id="anchor-1147"></span>table:acceptance-state</h2>
<p>The <em>table:acceptance-state</em> attribute specifies whether a
tracked change has been accepted or rejected already, or whether an
acceptance or rejection is still pending.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:acceptance-state</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>accepted: a tracked change has been accepted.</li>
<li>pending: a tracked change is pending approval or rejection.</li>
<li>rejected: a tracked change has been rejected.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is pending.</p>
<p>The <em>table:acceptance-state</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-492">9.9.17</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a> and <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-495">9.9.13</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:acceptance-state</em> attribute are
accepted, rejected or pending.</p>
<h2 id="tablealgorithm"><span id="anchor-3739"></span><span
id="anchor-1029"></span>table:algorithm</h2>
<p>The <em>table:algorithm</em> attribute specifies the algorithm used
to compare sort keys. To avoid name conflicts between different
consumers, the name of the algorithm should begin with a namespace
prefix, followed by a “:” (U+003A, COLON) separator. </p>
<p>The <em>table:algorithm</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:algorithm</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableadd-empty-lines"><span id="anchor-3740"></span><span
id="anchor-1118"></span>table:add-empty-lines</h2>
<p>The <em>table:add-empty-lines</em> attribute specifies whether an
empty row is inserted in the data pilot table after the data (including
the subtotals) for each member of the field.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:add-empty-lines</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: an empty line should not be inserted after the data for a
member, including any subtotal of that member.</li>
<li>true: an empty line should not be inserted after the data for a
member, including any subtotal of that member.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:add-empty-lines</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1099">9.6.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:add-empty-lines</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableallow-empty-cell"><span id="anchor-3741"></span><span
id="anchor-980"></span>table:allow-empty-cell</h2>
<p>The <em>table:allow-empty-cell</em> attribute specifies whether a
cell can be empty.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:allow-empty-cell</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cell cannot be empty.</li>
<li>true: cell can be empty.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:allow-empty-cell</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:allow-empty-cell</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableapplication-data"><span id="anchor-3742"></span><span
id="anchor-1072"></span>table:application-data</h2>
<p>The <em>table:application-data</em> attribute specifies extra
information about a data pilot table, which can be used by a consumer.
This data shall not influence the behavior of the data pilot.</p>
<p>The <em>table:application-data</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:application-data</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableautomatic-find-labels"><span id="anchor-3743"></span><span
id="anchor-961"></span>table:automatic-find-labels</h2>
<p>The <em>table:automatic-find-labels</em> attribute specifies whether
a consumer should attempt to find labels of rows and columns. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:automatic-find-labels</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: consumers should not attempt to find labels of rows and
columns.</li>
<li>true: consumers should attempt find labels of rows and columns.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The <em>table:automatic-find-labels</em> attribute enables the
use of the automatic lookup of labels capability defined by OpenFormula.
OpenFormula, 5.10.2. (*update*)</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:automatic-find-labels</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:automatic-find-labels</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablebase-cell-address"><span id="anchor-3744"></span><span
id="anchor-981"></span>table:base-cell-address</h2>
<p>The <em>table:base-cell-address</em> attribute specifies the address
of the base cell for relative addresses in formulas that occur within a
condition. This attribute is only necessary when the condition contains
a formula. The value of this attribute shall be an absolute cell address
that contains a table name. The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN)
that indicate an absolute address may be omitted.</p>
<p>The <em>table:base-cell-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-997">9.4.13</a> and <em>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-998">9.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:base-cell-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellAddress</em> <a href="#datatype-cellAddress">18.3.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablebind-styles-to-content"><span id="anchor-3745"></span><span
id="anchor-1030"></span>table:bind-styles-to-content</h2>
<p>The <em>table:bind-styles-to-content</em> attribute specifies whether
cells retain their style after a subtotal calculation. This attribute is
only evaluated if a <em>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</em> element is
present.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:bind-styles-to-content</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cells need not retain their style after a subtotal
calculation.</li>
<li>true: cells should retain their style after a subtotal
calculation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:bind-styles-to-content</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a> and <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1018">9.4.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:bind-styles-to-content</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableborder-color"><span id="anchor-3746"></span><span
id="anchor-937"></span>table:border-color</h2>
<p>The <em>table:border-color</em> attribute specifies the color of a
border that is displayed around a scenario that belongs to a scenario
table.</p>
<p>The <em>table:border-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:border-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablebuttons"><span id="anchor-3747"></span><span
id="anchor-1073"></span>table:buttons</h2>
<p>The <em>table:buttons</em> attribute specifies the cells in a data
pilot table that should be displayed as buttons to trigger interactive
operations on the table such as changing the order of columns. Its value
is a list of white-space-separated cell-addresses. The value of this
attribute shall be an absolute cell address that contains a table name.
The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) that indicate an absolute
address may be omitted.</p>
<p>The <em>table:buttons</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:buttons</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecase-sensitive"><span id="anchor-3748"></span><span
id="anchor-962"></span>table:case-sensitive</h2>
<p>The <em>table:case-sensitive</em> attribute specifies whether to
distinguish between upper and lower case when comparing, sorting or
filtering content.</p>
<p>That attribute is only evaluated if the operations take place on
strings. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:case-sensitive</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: upper and lower case are not distinguished when comparing,
sorting or filtering content.</li>
<li>true: upper and lower case are distinguished when comparing, sorting
or filtering content.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a> element the default value for this
attribute is true.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a> and <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1018">9.4.21</a> elements the default value for this
attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:case-sensitive</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a> and <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1018">9.4.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:case-sensitive</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecell-address-1"><span id="anchor-3749"></span><span
id="anchor-1189"></span>table:cell-address</h2>
<p>The <em>table:cell-address</em> attribute specifies the original
address of a cell used in a calculation.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellAddress</em> <a href="#datatype-cellAddress">18.3.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecell-range"><span id="anchor-3750"></span><span
id="anchor-1555"></span>table:cell-range</h2>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range</em> attribute specifies a list of ranges of
cells.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:footer&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-434">11.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;chart:subtitle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-437">11.2.2</a> and <em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-438">11.2.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecell-range-address"><span id="anchor-3751"></span><span
id="anchor-955"></span>table:cell-range-address</h2>
<h3 id="general-87"><span id="anchor-3752"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies a range of
cells or a list of ranges of cells.</p>
<h3 id="chartcategories-1"><span id="anchor-3753"></span><span
id="attribute-table:cell-range-address_element-chart:categories"></span>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies the source
from which the category labels are taken. If this attribute or the
<em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> element is omitted the
<em>chart:data-source-has-labels</em> <a href="#anchor-1584">19.17</a>
attribute of the <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> element should be evaluated.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:categories&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1568">11.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartdomain---bubble"><span id="anchor-3754"></span><span
id="attribute-table:cell-range-address_element-chart:domain"></span>&lt;chart:domain&gt;
- bubble</h3>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies the x and
y-coordinate values for bubble charts when the <em>chart:class</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> attribute of its parent
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> element
has the value chart:bubble.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1605">11.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartdomain--scatter"><span id="anchor-3755"></span><span
id="attribute-table:cell-range-address_element-chart:domain"></span>&lt;chart:domain&gt;-
scatter</h3>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies the
x-coordinate values for scatter charts when the <em>chart:class</em> <a
href="#anchor-1548">19.15</a> attribute of its parent
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> element
has the value chart:scatter.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1605">11.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartdomain---surface"><span id="anchor-3756"></span><span
id="attribute-table:cell-range-address_element-chart:domain"></span>&lt;chart:domain&gt;
- surface</h3>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute of the first
<em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element specifies the y-coordinate values
and the <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute of the second
<em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> element specifies the x-coordinate values
for surface charts when the <em>chart:class</em> <a
href="#anchor-1548">19.15</a> attribute of its parent
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> element
has the value chart:surface and the
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attribute of this
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> element specifies a range with more than
one row and more than one column. </p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:domain&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1605">11.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartplot-area-deprecated"><span id="anchor-3757"></span><span
id="attribute-table:cell-range-address_element-chart:plot-area"></span>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;
(deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies the ranges
of data for a chart. </p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute at the
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> element has no effect in case the data
is assigned to the <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> elements directly by
<em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1603">19.28</a> attributes.</p>
<p>The use of the <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute is
deprecated in favor of the <em>chart:values-cell-range-address</em>
attributes of <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> elements.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablehighlighted-range-1"><span id="anchor-3758"></span><span
id="attribute-table:cell-range-address_element-table:highlighted-range"></span>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies the address
of a range that is highlighted.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-951">9.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablenamed-range-1"><span id="anchor-3759"></span><span
id="attribute-table:cell-range-address_element-table:named-range"></span>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies the address
of a named range. The address can be either absolute or relative. If the
cell range address is relative, the parent
<em>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</em> element shall have a
<em>table:base-cell-address</em> <a href="#anchor-981">19.590</a>
attribute with a value. A relative cell address defines an offset which
shall be interpreted relative to the cell where the named range is used.
The offset is the same as the offsets between the table cell addressed
by the relative cell range address and the table cell specified by the
<em>table:base-cell-address</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-998">9.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablesource-cell-range-1"><span id="anchor-3760"></span><span
id="attribute-table:cell-range-address_element-table:source-cell-range"></span>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies the cell
range containing the source data. The value of this attribute shall be
an absolute cell address that contains a table name. The dollar signs
“$” (U+0024, DOLLAR SIGN) that indicate an absolute address may be
omitted. If a <em>table:name</em> <a href="#anchor-871">19.677</a>
attribute on an element specifies a named range, the cell range
specified by the <em>table:cell-range</em> <a
href="#anchor-1555">19.596</a> attribute on the same element, shall
match the cell range specified by the named range.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1054">9.6.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecolumn"><span id="anchor-3761"></span><span
id="anchor-1178"></span>table:column</h2>
<p>The <em>table:column</em> attribute specifies the column number of a
cell.</p>
<p>The <em>table:column</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1162">9.9.18</a>,
<em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1175">9.9.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1176">9.9.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:column</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecomment"><span id="anchor-3762"></span><span
id="anchor-938"></span>table:comment</h2>
<p>The <em>table:comment</em> attribute specifies a comment about a
scenario.</p>
<p>The <em>table:comment</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:comment</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecondition"><span id="anchor-3763"></span><span
id="anchor-982"></span>table:condition</h2>
<p>The <em>table:condition</em> attribute specifies a condition that is
used to validate the value of a table cell. When evaluation of the
condition results in false, any action taken is determine by the other
attributes and child elements of the
<em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> element. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Possible actions include presentation of a message, triggering
an event, and performance of a script, with or without invalidating the
value. The <em>table:allow-empty-cell</em> <a
href="#anchor-980">19.587</a> attribute value influences whether the
<em>table:condition</em> is applicable.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The value of this attribute should be a namespace prefix, followed by
a ":" (U+003A, COLON), followed by Boolean expression. If the namespace
prefix is missing the namespace defaults to the
"urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2" namespace. The XML
namespace that applies to the <em>table:condition</em> attribute
specifies the syntax and semantics of the <em>expression</em>
occurrences in the <em>table:condition</em> syntax. </p>
<p>Note: The value of the table:base-cell-address <a
href="#anchor-981">19.590</a> attribute of the
<em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a> element can influence how references are
resolved in an <em>expression</em> anywhere within the defined
conditions.</p>
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator makes
available the host-dependent properties defined by <a
href="#anchor-3520">Table 16 Host-dependent Properties</a> in <a
href="#anchor-3520">19.646</a>.</p>
<p>The defined conditions are:</p>
<ul>
<li>cell-content-text-length() <em>op</em> <em>value</em>, where
<em>op</em> is one of the relational operators ””&lt;”,“&gt;”, ”&lt;=”,
”&gt;=”, ”=” or “!=”: true if the length of the cell's text compared to
the value specified in the condition by <em>value</em> using the
relational operator <em>op</em> evaluates to true. </li>
<li>cell-content-text-length-is-between(value1, value2): true if the
length of the cell's text is between value1 and value2. </li>
<li>cell-content-text-length-is-not-between(<em>value1</em>,
<em>value2</em>): true if the length of the cell's text is not between
<em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>. </li>
<li>cell-content-is-in-list(<em>list</em>), where <em>list</em> is one
or more string entries, separated by ”;” (U+003B, SEMICOLON), or an
<em>expression</em>: true if the cell's content is in <em>list</em>.
</li>
<li>cell-content-is-decimal-number() and <em>condition</em>, where
<em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the
cell has a numeric value and <em>condition</em> is true. </li>
<li>cell-content-is-whole-number() and <em>condition</em>, where
<em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the
cell's cell has a whole-number value and <em>condition</em> is
true.</li>
<li>cell-content-is-date() and <em>condition</em>, where
<em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the
cell has a date value and <em>condition</em> is true. </li>
<li>cell-content-is-time() and <em>condition</em>, where
<em>condition</em> is one of the value conditions below: true if the
cell has a time value and <em>condition</em> is true. </li>
<li>is-true-formula(<em>expression</em>): true if evaluation of the
<em>expression</em> yields a value that converts to logical type value
true in the semantics for the <em>expression</em>; false otherwise.
</li>
</ul>
<p>The defined value conditions are: </p>
<ul>
<li>cell-content() <em>op</em> <em>value</em>, where <em>op</em> is one
of the relational operators ”&lt;”, ”&gt;”, ”&lt;=”, ”&gt;=”, ”=” or
”!=”: true if the cell's value compared to the value specified in the
condition by <em>value</em> using the relational operator <em>op</em>
evaluates to true. </li>
<li>cell-content-is-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true if
the cell's value is between <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em>.</li>
<li>cell-content-is-not-between(<em>value1</em>, <em>value2</em>): true
if the cell's value is not between <em>value1</em> and
<em>value2</em>.</li>
<li>is-true-formula(<em>expression</em>): true if evaluation of the
<em>expression</em> yields a value that converts to logical value true
in the semantics for the <em>expression</em>; false otherwise. </li>
</ul>
<p>Within the conditions: </p>
<ul>
<li><em>value</em>, <em>value1</em> and <em>value2</em> are a
<em>numberValue</em>, a <em>string</em> or an <em>expression</em>. </li>
<li><em>numberValue</em> is a whole or decimal number in the lexical
form of the <span class="citation"
data-cites="xmlschema-2">[xmlschema-2]</span> decimal datatype. </li>
<li><em>string</em> expresses a value of the <span class="citation"
data-cites="xmlschema-2">[xmlschema-2]</span> string datatype by
surrounding the sequence of string characters in quotation marks
(U+0022, QUOTATION MARK). A quotation mark within the string itself is
expressed with two consecutive quotation marks. </li>
<li><em>expression</em> is a lexical form that is neither
<em>numberValue</em> nor <em>string</em> and that is a well-formed
expression determined by the namespace applicable to the
<em>table:condition</em> value.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:condition</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:condition</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecondition-source"><span id="anchor-3764"></span><span
id="anchor-1055"></span>table:condition-source</h2>
<p>The <em>table:condition-source</em> attribute specifies whether the
condition is contained in a filter or encoded in a cell range.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:condition-source</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>cell-range: condition encoded into the cell range specified by a
<em>table:condition-source-range-address</em> <a
href="#anchor-1056">19.602</a> attribute. </li>
<li>self: condition specified by the <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em>
element's child elements.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is self.</p>
<p>The <em>table:condition-source</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1016">9.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:condition-source</em> attribute are self
or cell-range.</p>
<h2 id="tablecondition-source-range-address"><span
id="anchor-3765"></span><span
id="anchor-1056"></span>table:condition-source-range-address</h2>
<p>The <em>table:condition-source-range-address</em> attribute specifies
a cell range that contains encoded conditions. The first row of the cell
range shall contain the labels of the columns whose content should be
filtered. The following rows contain conditions that have to evaluate to
true for the cells contained in the columns. The conditions in each row
are connected by an “and” operation, while the rows are connected by an
“or” operation. This means that a row is of the source table is
displayed if there is at least one row in the condition range where all
conditions evaluate to true if they are applied to the columns specified
in the first row of the condition range.</p>
<p>The <em>table:condition-source-range-address</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1016">9.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:condition-source-range-address</em> attribute has the
data type <em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecontains-error"><span id="anchor-3766"></span><span
id="anchor-956"></span>table:contains-error</h2>
<p>The <em>table:contains-error</em> attribute specifies whether a cell
range contains an error at the point of evaluation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:contains-error</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cell range contains no error at point of evaluation.</li>
<li>true: cell range contains an error at point of evaluation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:contains-error</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-951">9.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:contains-error</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecontains-header"><span id="anchor-3767"></span><span
id="anchor-1006"></span>table:contains-header</h2>
<p>The <em>table:contains-header</em> attribute specifies whether the
content of a database range's first row or column defines labels which
may be used to reference a whole row or column. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:contains-header</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the first row or column of the database range does not define
labels.</li>
<li>true: the first row or column of the database range defines
labels.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:contains-header</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:contains-header</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecontent-validation-name"><span
id="anchor-3768"></span><span
id="anchor-898"></span>table:content-validation-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:content-validation-name</em> attribute specifies the
name of a validity check. </p>
<p>The value of this attribute is a name found in the
<em>table:name</em> <a href="#anchor-871">19.677</a> attribute of a
<em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a> element. If this attribute is not present,
a cell may have arbitrary content.</p>
<p>The <em>table:content-validation-name</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:content-validation-name</em> attribute has the data
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecopy-back"><span id="anchor-3769"></span><span
id="anchor-939"></span>table:copy-back</h2>
<p>The <em>table:copy-back</em> attribute specifies whether data is
copied back into a scenario table if another scenario is activated.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:copy-back</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: data is not copied back into a scenario table if another
scenario is activated.</li>
<li>true: data copied back into a scenario table if another scenario is
activated.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:copy-back</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:copy-back</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecopy-formulas"><span id="anchor-3770"></span><span
id="anchor-940"></span>table:copy-formulas</h2>
<p>The <em>table:copy-formulas</em> attribute specifies whether formulas
are copied from a scenario table to a destination table. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:copy-formulas</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: only values resulting from formulas are copied.</li>
<li>true: formulas are copied.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:copy-formulas</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:copy-formulas</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecopy-styles"><span id="anchor-3771"></span><span
id="anchor-941"></span>table:copy-styles</h2>
<p>The <em>table:copy-styles</em> attribute specifies whether styles are
copied from a scenario table to a destination table together with the
data.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:copy-styles</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: styles are not copied with data.</li>
<li>true: styles are copied with data.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:copy-styles</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:copy-styles</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecount"><span id="anchor-3772"></span><span
id="anchor-1148"></span>table:count</h2>
<p>The <em>table:count</em> attribute specifies the count of inserted
rows, columns or tables.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>table:count</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablecountry"><span id="anchor-3773"></span><span
id="anchor-1031"></span>table:country</h2>
<p>The <em>table:country</em> attribute specifies the country
information for the natural language in which comparisons will
occur.</p>
<p>The <em>table:country</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:country</em> attribute has the data type
<em>countryCode</em> <a href="#datatype-countryCode">18.3.11</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledata-field"><span id="anchor-3774"></span><span
id="anchor-1111"></span>table:data-field</h2>
<p>The <em>table:data-field</em> attribute specifies the data field
whose values are taken into account.</p>
<p>The <em>table:data-field</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1098">9.6.13</a> and
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1101">9.6.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:data-field</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledata-cell-range-address"><span
id="anchor-3775"></span><span
id="anchor-992"></span>table:data-cell-range-address</h2>
<p>The <em>table:data-cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies the
cell range address of data.</p>
<p>The <em>table:data-cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-table:label-range">9.4.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:data-cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data
type <em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledatabase-name"><span id="anchor-3776"></span><span
id="anchor-1021"></span>table:database-name</h2>
<p>A <em>table:database-name</em> attribute specifies the name of an SQL
database for the importation of data.</p>
<p>The <em>table:database-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1013">9.4.18</a>,
<em>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1014">9.4.16</a> and
<em>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1015">9.4.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:database-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledatabase-table-name"><span id="anchor-3777"></span><span
id="anchor-1025"></span>table:database-table-name</h2>
<p>A <em>table:database-table-name</em> attribute specifies a database
table for the importation of data.</p>
<p>The <em>table:database-table-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:database-source-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1015">9.4.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:database-table-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledata-type"><span id="anchor-3778"></span><span
id="anchor-1038"></span>table:data-type</h2>
<h3 id="general-88"><span id="anchor-3779"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>table:data-type</em> attribute specifies a data type for
tables.</p>
<h3 id="tablefilter-condition-1"><span id="anchor-3780"></span><span
id="attribute-table:data-type_element-table:filter-condition"></span>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:data-type</em> attribute specifies whether a comparison
shall take place as text or as numeric values.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:data-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>number: comparison as numeric values.</li>
<li>text: comparison as text values.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a> element the default value for this
attribute is text.</p>
<p>The <em>table:data-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:data-type</em> attribute are text or
number.</p>
<h3 id="tablesort-by-1"><span id="anchor-3781"></span><span
id="attribute-table:data-type_element-table:sort-by"></span>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:data-type</em> attribute specifies the data type of a
field to be sorted. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:data-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>automatic: consumer determines the type of data in a field.</li>
<li>number: numeric data type.</li>
<li>text: text data type.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>string</em> (name of a user-defined sort order,
implementation-dependent)</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1036">9.4.20</a> element the default value for this
attribute is automatic.</p>
<p>The <em>table:data-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1036">9.4.20</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:data-type</em> attribute are text,
number, automatic or a value of type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablesort-groups-1"><span id="anchor-3782"></span><span
id="attribute-table:data-type_element-table:sort-groups"></span>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:data-type</em> attribute specifies the data type of a
field to be sorted. </p>
<p>If the attribute value is automatic, the consumer shall determine
what type of data is in the field. User-defined sort orders are
implementation specific.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:data-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>automatic: consumer determines the type of data in a field.</li>
<li>number: numeric data type.</li>
<li>text: text data type.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>string</em> (name of a user-defined sort order,
implementation-dependent)</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1043">9.4.22</a> element the default value for this
attribute is automatic.</p>
<p>The <em>table:data-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1043">9.4.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:data-type</em> attribute are text,
number, automatic or a value of type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledate-end"><span id="anchor-3783"></span><span
id="anchor-1126"></span>table:date-end</h2>
<p>The <em>table:date-end</em> attribute specifies the end value for a
grouping of date values. </p>
<p>All values that are higher than the end value are contained in a
single group, while values that are equal to or lower than the end value
are grouped as specified by the <em>table:grouped-by</em> <a
href="#anchor-1129">19.650</a> and <em>table:step</em> <a
href="#anchor-1129">19.650</a> attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:date-end</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: the highest value of the field is taken as the end value.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>dateOrDateTime</em> <a
href="#datatype-dateOrDateTime">18.3.14</a><em>.</em></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:date-end</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1094">9.6.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:date-end</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>dateOrDateTime</em> <a
href="#datatype-dateOrDateTime">18.3.14</a> or auto.</p>
<h2 id="tabledate-start"><span id="anchor-3784"></span><span
id="anchor-1127"></span>table:date-start</h2>
<p>The <em>table:date-start</em> attribute specifies the start value for
a grouping of date values. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:date-start</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: the lowest value of the field is used as the start value.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>dateOrDateTime</em>: <em><a
href="#datatype-dateOrDateTime">18.3.14</a></em></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:date-start</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1094">9.6.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:date-start</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>dateOrDateTime</em> <a
href="#datatype-dateOrDateTime">18.3.14</a> or auto.</p>
<h2 id="tabledate-value"><span id="anchor-3785"></span><span
id="anchor-971"></span>table:date-value</h2>
<p>The <em>table:date-value</em> attribute specifies the null date. The
null date is the date that results in the value “0” if a date value is
converted into a numeric value. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1899-12-30.</p>
<p>The <em>table:date-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:null-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-969">9.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:date-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>date</em> <a href="#anchor-295">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledefault-cell-style-name"><span
id="anchor-3786"></span><span
id="anchor-894"></span>table:default-cell-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute specifies a
default cell style. Cells defined by a <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#datatype-dateOrDateTime">18.3.14</a> element that do not have
a <em>table:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-875">19.730</a> attribute
value use the specified default cell style.</p>
<p>If an individual cell has a default style specified by a
<em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute on a
<em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> element and by a
<em>style:default-cell-style-name</em> on a
<em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> element, the default style specified by
the <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> element shall be applied to the
cell and the default style specified by the
<em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> element shall be ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute has the data
type <em>styleNameRef</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledirection"><span id="anchor-3787"></span><span
id="anchor-957"></span>table:direction</h2>
<p>The <em>table:direction</em> attribute specifies the direction of a
relation between a cell and a highlighted range. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:direction</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>from-another-table: relationship begins at another table.</li>
<li>from-same-table: relationship begins at the same table.</li>
<li>to-another-table: relationship ends at another table.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:direction</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-951">9.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:direction</em> attribute are
from-another-table, to-another-table or from-same-table.</p>
<h2 id="tabledisplay"><span id="anchor-3788"></span><span
id="anchor-913"></span>table:display</h2>
<p>The <em>table:display</em> attribute specifies whether a component of
a table is displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: component is not displayed.</li>
<li>true: component is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>Components of a table for the table:display attribute are:
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1107">9.6.12</a></em>, <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt; <a
href="#anchor-444">9.4.7</a></em>, <em>&lt;table:help-message&gt; <a
href="#anchor-445">9.4.6</a></em>,
<em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-887">9.1.10</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a>. </p>
<p>For <em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-887">9.1.10</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a> elements the default value for this
attribute is true.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-444">9.4.7</a> and <em>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-445">9.4.6</a> elements the default value for this
attribute is false.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1107">9.6.12</a> the default value for this attribute is
true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1107">9.6.12</a>, <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-444">9.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-445">9.4.6</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-column-group&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-887">9.1.10</a> and
<em>&lt;table:table-row-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-504">9.1.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:display</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledisplay-border"><span id="anchor-3789"></span><span
id="anchor-936"></span>table:display-border</h2>
<p>The <em>table:display-border</em> attribute specifies whether to
display a border around a scenario that belongs to a scenario table.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:display-border</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: border is not displayed.</li>
<li>true: border is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:display-border</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:display-border</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledisplay-duplicates"><span id="anchor-3790"></span><span
id="anchor-1057"></span>table:display-duplicates</h2>
<p>The <em>table:display-duplicates</em> attribute specifies whether to
display duplicate matches in a result.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:display-duplicates</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: duplicate matches not displayed in results.</li>
<li>true: duplicate matches displayed in results.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:display-duplicates</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1016">9.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:display-duplicates</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledisplay-filter-buttons"><span id="anchor-3791"></span><span
id="anchor-1007"></span>table:display-filter-buttons</h2>
<p>The <em>table:display-filter-buttons</em> attribute specifies whether
to display filter buttons. Filter buttons are list box controls
displayed in the label cells whose list entries are the values that
exist in the labeled row or column. Selecting one of these entries is
the equivalent of applying a filter to the database range that selects
all row or columns where the cells in the labeled row or column have the
selected value.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:display-filter-buttons</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: filter buttons are not displayed.</li>
<li>true: filter buttons are displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:display-filter-buttons</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:display-filter-buttons</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabledisplay-list"><span id="anchor-3792"></span><span
id="anchor-983"></span>table:display-list</h2>
<p>The <em>table:display-list</em> attribute specifies whether a list of
values that occurs within a condition is displayed when a user is
entering a cell value. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:display-list</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>none: the list values are not displayed.</li>
<li>sort-ascending: the list values are displayed in ascending
order.</li>
<li>unsorted: the list values are displayed in the order they occur in
the condition.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is unsorted.</p>
<p>The <em>table:display-list</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:display-list</em> attribute are none,
unsorted or sort-ascending.</p>
<h2 id="tabledisplay-member-mode"><span id="anchor-3793"></span><span
id="anchor-1112"></span>table:display-member-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>table:display-member-mode</em> attribute specifies whether
the value count specified by <em>table:member-count</em> <a
href="#anchor-875">19.730</a> attribute should be taken from the top or
from the bottom of a data field's column.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:display-member-mode</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>from-bottom: the value count is taken from the bottom of a data
field’s column.</li>
<li>From-top: the value count is taken from the top of a data field’s
column.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:display-member-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1098">9.6.13</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:display-member-mode</em> attribute are
from-top or from-bottom.</p>
<h2 id="tabledrill-down-on-double-click"><span
id="anchor-3794"></span><span
id="anchor-1074"></span>table:drill-down-on-double-click</h2>
<p>The <em>table:drill-down-on-double-click</em> attribute specifies how
the data pilot table reacts to a double-click <a
href="#anchor-3259">19.406</a> in the data pilot table. A double click
other than as specified in a data pilot table has no effect.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:drill-down-on-double-click</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>false: a double click on a member label or the empty area next to
it starts the edit mode of the table cell, like for cells outside of the
data pilot table. </p>
<p>Note: This can be used to rename group fields or members. </p></li>
<li>true: a double click on a member label or the empty area next to it
shows or hides details for that member.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:drill-down-on-double-click</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:drill-down-on-double-click</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableembedded-number-behavior"><span
id="anchor-3795"></span><span
id="anchor-1032"></span>table:embedded-number-behavior</h2>
<p>The <em>table:embedded-number-behavior</em> attribute specifies how
string values that contain digits are sorted. If the value is
alpha-numeric, string comparison as specified by the other attributes of
<em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> element is used for sorting.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:embedded-number-behavior</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>alpha-numeric: other attributes are used to specify the string
comparison for sorting.</li>
<li>double: string values are compared as defined below </li>
<li>integer: string values are compared as defined below </li>
</ul>
<p>Note: If the attribute value is integer or double, string-prefixed
numbers will be sorted in a "natural", number-aware way, i.e. A1, A2,
A3, ... , A19, A20, instead of the normal, alpha-numeric behavior, i.e.
A1, A10, A11, A12, ... ,A19, A2, A20, A3, A4, ... , A8, A9.</p>
<p>The following illustrates how two strings shall be compared if the
attribute value is integer or double.</p>
<p>In the following, the term "alpha-numeric comparison" means the
string comparison that would be used if the
<em>table:embedded-number-behavior</em> attribute had the value
alpha-numeric.</p>
<p>Step 1: The two strings are compared by using the alpha-numeric
comparison to test whether they are equal. If they are equal, the
comparison will stop immediately returning an equality as result.</p>
<p>Step 2: The prefix substrings of the two strings are determined by
locating the first occurrence of a digit character in the two strings;
the substrings from the very first characters through the characters
preceding the first digits are the prefix substrings. If a string starts
with a digit, the prefix substring of this string is empty. If there is
no digit in either one of the compared strings, the natural sort process
will end and the alpha-numeric comparison will be performed instead.
</p>
<p>Step 3: After the prefix substrings have been determined for both
strings, an alpha-numeric comparison is performed on the two prefix
substrings. If they differ, the result is returned and the process will
end.</p>
<p>Step 4. The numeric substrings are determined by locating the first
occurrences of a non-digit character after the first digit characters;
the substrings from the first digit characters through the characters
preceding the first non-digit character are the numeric substrings.
These substrings are converted into double-precision values. The
converted values are compared by numeric comparison. If these values
differ, then the result will be returned and the process will end.</p>
<p>Step 5. The suffix substrings, which are the strings that start after
the last digits of the numeric substring, will be determined. This
suffix substrings replace the original strings, and the whole process
will start again with step 1.</p>
<p>Decimal separators are treated as follows: If the attribute value is
integer, then a decimal separator is not considered as a digit. If the
attribute value is double, the treatment of a decimal separator is
context-dependent: If a decimal separator occurs adjacent to one or two
digit characters, it is considered a digit character as long as it is
the only occurrence in that given numeric substring. In other words, a
second occurrence of a decimal separator in sequence of digits and
decimal separators is treated as a non-digit character. Therefore the
character immediately preceding the separator becomes the last character
of the numeric substring, while the separator itself becomes the first
character of the suffix substring.</p>
<p>This sorting process is illustrated by the following figure:</p>
<figure>
<img src="Pictures/10000000000001D800000075EA638B5EFC5F39F7.png"
style="width:12.488cm;height:3.096cm" alt="Figure 1 - Natural sort" />
<figcaption aria-hidden="true">Figure 1 - Natural sort</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>The default value for this attribute is alpha-numeric.</p>
<p>The <em>table:embedded-number-behavior</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:embedded-number-behavior</em> attribute
are alpha-numeric, integer or double.</p>
<h2 id="tableenabled"><span id="anchor-3796"></span><span
id="anchor-1113"></span>table:enabled</h2>
<p>The <em>table:enabled</em> attribute specifies whether the
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> element is evaluated or
not.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:enabled</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> element is
not evaluated.</li>
<li>true: the <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> element is
evaluated.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:enabled</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1098">9.6.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:enabled</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableend"><span id="anchor-3797"></span><span
id="anchor-1128"></span>table:end</h2>
<p>The <em>table:end</em> attribute specifies the end value for a
grouping of numeric values. All values that are higher than the end
value are contained in a single group, while values that are equal to or
lower than the end value are grouped as specified by
<em>table:grouped-by</em> <a href="#anchor-1114">19.671</a> and
<em>table:step</em> <a href="#anchor-1129">19.650</a> attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:end</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: the highest value of the field is taken as the end value.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>double</em></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:end</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1094">9.6.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:end</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a> or auto.</p>
<h2 id="tableend-cell-address"><span id="anchor-3798"></span><span
id="anchor-1249"></span>table:end-cell-address</h2>
<p>The <em>table:end-cell-address</em> attribute specifies the end
position of the shape if it is included in a spreadsheet document.</p>
<p>The <em>table:end-cell-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:end-cell-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellAddress</em> <a href="#datatype-cellAddress">18.3.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableend-column"><span id="anchor-3799"></span><span
id="anchor-1179"></span>table:end-column</h2>
<p>The <em>table:end-column</em> attribute specifies the end column of a
range if the range address is a cell range address. The value of a
<em>table:end-column</em> attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The <em>table:end-column</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1175">9.9.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1176">9.9.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:end-column</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableend-position"><span id="anchor-3800"></span><span
id="anchor-1172"></span>table:end-position</h2>
<p>The <em>table:end-position</em> attribute specifies the number of the
last deleted row or column. The value of a <em>table:end-position</em>
attribute is exclusive. </p>
<p>The <em>table:end-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1169">9.9.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:end-position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableend-row"><span id="anchor-3801"></span><span
id="anchor-1180"></span>table:end-row</h2>
<p>The <em>table:end-row</em> attribute specifies the end row of a range
if the range address is a cell range address. The value of a
<em>table:end-row</em> attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The <em>table:end-row</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1175">9.9.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1176">9.9.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:end-row</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableend-table"><span id="anchor-3802"></span><span
id="anchor-1181"></span>table:end-table</h2>
<p>The <em>table:end-table</em> attribute specifies the end table of a
range if the range address is a cell range address. The value of a
<em>table:end-table</em> attribute is inclusive. </p>
<p>The <em>table:end-table</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1175">9.9.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1176">9.9.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:end-table</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableend-x"><span id="anchor-3803"></span><span
id="anchor-1250"></span>table:end-x </h2>
<p>The <em>table:end-x</em> attribute specifies the x-coordinate of the
end position of a shape relative to the top-left edge of a cell. The
size attributes of the shape are ignored. </p>
<p>The <em>table:end-x</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>
and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:end-x</em> attribute has the data type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableend-y"><span id="anchor-3804"></span><span
id="anchor-1251"></span>table:end-y</h2>
<p>The <em>table:end-y</em> attribute specifies the y-coordinate of the
end position of a shape relative to the top-left edge of a cell. The
size attributes of the shape are ignored. </p>
<p>The <em>table:end-y</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>
and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:end-y</em> attribute has the data type
<em>coordinate</em> <a href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableexecute"><span id="anchor-3805"></span><span
id="anchor-990"></span>table:execute</h2>
<p>The <em>table:execute</em> attribute specifies whether a macro should
be executed or not.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:execute</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: macro is not executed.</li>
<li>true: macro is executed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:execute</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:error-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-984">9.4.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:execute</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableexpression"><span id="anchor-3806"></span><span
id="anchor-1002"></span>table:expression</h2>
<p>The <em>table:expression</em> attribute specifies an expression. If
the expression contains a named range or another named expression, the
named range or named expression shall be specified first, before the
containing expression. If the expression contains a relative cell range
address, a <em>table:base-cell-address</em> attribute shall also appear
on the <em>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>Relative cell range addresses that occur in an expression define an
offset which shall be interpreted relative to the cell where a named
expression is used. The offset is the same as the offsets between the
table cell addressed by the relative cell range address and the table
cell specified by the <em>table:base-cell-address</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The value of this attribute may comprise a namespace prefix, followed
by a ":" (U+003A, COLON), followed by an expression. If the namespace
prefix is missing the namespace defaults to the
"urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2" namespace. If a namespace
prefix is present, the expression shall start with an '=' equal sign. If
no namespace prefix is present, the '=' equal sign may be omitted. The
XML namespace name bound to the namespace prefix specifies the syntax
and semantics of the formulas and values occurring within the
condition.</p>
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator makes
available the host-dependent properties defined by <a
href="#anchor-3520">Table 16 Host-dependent Properties</a> in <a
href="#anchor-3520">19.646</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:expression</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-997">9.4.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:expression</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablefield-name"><span id="anchor-3807"></span><span
id="anchor-1121"></span>table:field-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:field-name</em> attribute specifies a category column
whose members' values are used in operations defined by a
<em>table:type</em> attribute that determines the display of values of
the data field of which the
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> element is a part.
</p>
<p>The <em>table:field-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1093">9.6.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:field-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablefield-number"><span id="anchor-3808"></span><span
id="anchor-1039"></span>table:field-number</h2>
<p>The <em>table:field-number</em> attribute specifies a row or column
number to sort, subtotal or filter. It is the number of a row or column
within a database range.</p>
<p>The <em>table:field-number</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1036">9.4.20</a> and <em>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1048">9.4.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:field-number</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablefilter-name"><span id="anchor-3809"></span><span
id="anchor-930"></span>table:filter-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:filter-name</em> attribute specifies the file type of
the document containing the original table. The value of this attribute
is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>table:filter-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:filter-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablefilter-options"><span id="anchor-3810"></span><span
id="anchor-931"></span>table:filter-options</h2>
<p>The <em>table:filter-options</em> attribute specifies
implementation-dependent settings for a file type.</p>
<p>The <em>table:filter-options</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:filter-options</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablefirst-row-end-column-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-3811"></span><span
id="anchor-2069"></span>table:first-row-end-column (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>table:first-row-end-column</em> attribute specifies the
whether the cell in the first row, end column gets its style from its
row or column. </p>
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The
<em>table:use-first-row-styles</em> <a href="#anchor-880">19.744</a> or
<em>table:use-last-column-styles</em> <a href="#anchor-881">19.745</a>
attributes should be used instead. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:first-row-end-column</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>column: cell in first row, end column should inherit its style from
the column where it appears.</li>
<li>row: cell in first row, end column should inherit its style from the
row where it appears.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:first-row-end-column</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:first-row-end-column</em> attribute are
row or column.</p>
<h2 id="tablefirst-row-start-column-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-3812"></span><span
id="anchor-2070"></span>table:first-row-start-column (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>table:first-row-start-column</em> attribute specifies the
whether the cell in the first row, start column gets its style from its
row or column. </p>
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The
<em>table:use-first-row-styles</em> <a href="#anchor-880">19.744</a> or
<em>table:use-first-column-styles</em> <a href="#anchor-879">19.743</a>
attributes should be used instead. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:first-row-start-column</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>column: cell in first row, start column should inherit its style
from the column where it appears.</li>
<li>row: cell in first row, start column should inherit its style from
the row where it appears.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:first-row-start-column</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:first-row-start-column</em> attribute are
row or column.</p>
<h2 id="tableformula"><span id="anchor-3813"></span><span
id="anchor-899"></span>table:formula</h2>
<p>The <em>table:formula</em> attribute specifies a formula for a table
cell.</p>
<p>Formulas specify calculations to be performed within table cells. The
attribute value should begin with a namespace prefix followed by ":"
(U+003A, COLON), followed by the text of the formula. The namespace
bound to the prefix determines the syntax and semantics of the formula.
</p>
<p>Whenever the initial text of a formula has the appearance of an
NCName followed by ":" (U+003A, COLON), an OpenDocument producer shall
provide a valid namespace prefix and separating ":" (U+003A, COLON)
separator before the text of the formula in order to eliminate any
ambiguity. </p>
<p>If a namespace prefix is not specified, the namespace defaults to the
"urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:of:1.2" namespace. </p>
<p>An OpenDocument Consumer when hosting a formula evaluator has the
host-dependent properties specified in Table .</p>
<div class="caption">
<p><span id="anchor-3520"></span>Table 16 Host-dependent Properties</p>
</div>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>Attribute</td>
<td>Default Value </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-CASE-SENSITIVE</td>
<td><em>table:case-sensitive</em></td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-PRECISION-AS-SHOWN</td>
<td><em>table:precision-as-shown</em></td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-SEARCH-CRITERIA-MUST-APPLY-TO-WHOLE-CELL</td>
<td><em>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</em></td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-AUTOMATIC-FIND-LABELS</td>
<td><em>table:automatic-find-labels</em></td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-USE-REGULAR-EXPRESSIONS</td>
<td><em>table:use-regular-expressions</em></td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-USE-WILDCARDS</td>
<td><em>table:use-wildcards</em></td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-NULL-YEAR</td>
<td><em>table:null-year</em></td>
<td>1930</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-NULL-DATE</td>
<td><em>table:null-date</em></td>
<td>1899-12-30</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-LOCALE</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>Implementation-defined</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-ITERATION-STATUS</td>
<td><em>table:status</em></td>
<td>disable </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-ITERATION-MAXIMUM-DIFFERENCE</td>
<td><em>table:maximum-difference</em></td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HOST-ITERATION-STEPS</td>
<td><em>table:steps</em></td>
<td>100</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Note: Host-dependent properties are applicable to
<em>style:condition</em> (<a href="#anchor-2036">19.472</a>),
<em>table:condition</em> (<a href="#anchor-982">19.600</a>) and,
<em>table:expression</em> (<a href="#anchor-1002">19.639</a>)
attributes. </p>
<p>The <em>table:formula</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>, <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:formula</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablefunction"><span id="anchor-3814"></span><span
id="anchor-1050"></span>table:function</h2>
<h3 id="general-89"><span id="anchor-3815"></span><span
id="table:function-General"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>table:function</em> attribute specifies functions that are
applied to tables.</p>
<p>The <em>table:function</em> attribute on all elements has the
following defined values:</p>
<ul>
<li>average: the average of all numeric values.</li>
<li>count: the count of all non-empty values, including text.</li>
<li>countnums: the count of all numeric values.</li>
<li>max: the maximum of all numeric values.</li>
<li>min: the minimum of all numeric values.</li>
<li>product: the product of all numeric values.</li>
<li>stdev: the standard deviation, treating all numeric values as a
sample from a population.</li>
<li>stdevp: the standard deviation, treating all numeric values as a
whole population.</li>
<li>sum: the sum of all numeric values.</li>
<li>var: the variance, treating all numeric values as a sample from a
population.</li>
<li>varp: the variance, treating all numeric values as a whole
population. </li>
<li>a value of type <em>string</em>: an implementation-dependent
function name.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="tableconsolidation-1"><span id="anchor-3816"></span><span
id="attribute-table:function_element-table:consolidation"></span>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:function</em> attribute specifies a function. </p>
<p>The <em>table:function</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-109">9.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:function</em> attribute are average,
count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var, varp or a
value of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-field-1"><span id="anchor-3817"></span><span
id="attribute-table:function_element-table:data-pilot-field"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:function</em> attribute specifies specifies the
function which is applied to the cell values of data columns.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> elements whose
<em>table:orientation</em> <a href="#anchor-879">19.743</a> attribute
has the value data, the defined values for the <em>table:function</em>
attribute are those defined in <a
href="#table:function-General">19.647.1</a>.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> elements whose
<em>table:orientation</em> attribute has the value column or row, the
only defined value for the <em>table:function</em> attribute is:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: no function is applied to that category field. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:function</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:function</em> attribute are auto,
average, count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var,
varp or a value of type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-subtotal-1"><span id="anchor-3818"></span><span
id="attribute-table:function_element-table:data-pilot-subtotal"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:function</em> attribute specifies the type of subtotals
to calculate. </p>
<p>In addition to the values defined in <a
href="#table:function-General">19.647.1</a> the following value is
defined:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: specifies that subtotals shall use the same function(s) that
are used to calculate the <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a> elements with
<em>table:orientation</em>="data" <a href="#anchor-994">19.690</a>.
</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:function</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-subtotal&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1104">9.6.10</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:function</em> attribute are auto,
average, count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var,
varp or a value of type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablesubtotal-field-1"><span id="anchor-3819"></span><span
id="attribute-table:function_element-table:subtotal-field"></span>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:function</em> attribute specifies the type of subtotals
to calculate. </p>
<p>The <em>table:function</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:subtotal-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1048">9.4.24</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:function</em> attribute are average,
count, countnums, max, min, product, stdev, stdevp, sum, var, varp or a
value of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablegrand-total"><span id="anchor-3820"></span><span
id="anchor-1075"></span>table:grand-total</h2>
<p>The <em>table:grand-total</em> attribute specifies whether a grand
total column, row, or both should be displayed in addition to values
calculated for each combination of values in the category columns.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:grand-total</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>both: grand totals for rows and columns are displayed in addition to
values calculated for other combinations of values.</li>
<li>column: grand totals for columns are displayed in addition to values
calculated for other combinations of values.</li>
<li>none: grand totals for rows and columns are not displayed in
addition to values calculated for other combinations of values.</li>
<li>row: grand totals for rows are displayed in addition to values
calculated for other combinations of values.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is both.</p>
<p>The <em>table:grand-total</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:grand-total</em> attribute are none, row,
column or both.</p>
<h2 id="tablegroup-by-field-number"><span id="anchor-3821"></span><span
id="anchor-1047"></span>table:group-by-field-number</h2>
<p>The <em>table:group-by-field-number</em> attribute specifies a field,
that is to be grouped. It is the number of a row or column within a
database range.</p>
<p>The <em>table:group-by-field-number</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rule&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1044">9.4.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:group-by-field-number</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablegrouped-by"><span id="anchor-3822"></span><span
id="anchor-1129"></span>table:grouped-by</h2>
<p>The <em>table:grouped-by</em> attribute specifies the grouping of the
date values. Date values can be grouped by seconds, minutes, hours,
days, months, quarters or years. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: If date values are for instance grouped by minutes, all dates
or times that are within the same minute are within one group. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:grouped-by</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>seconds: a value expressed as seconds.</li>
<li>minutes: a value expressed as minutes.</li>
<li>hours: a value expressed as hours.</li>
<li>days: a value expressed as days.</li>
<li>months: a value expressed as months.</li>
<li>quarters: a value expressed as quarters (4 equal 3 month
segments).</li>
<li>years: a value expressed as years.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:grouped-by</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1094">9.6.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:grouped-by</em> attribute are seconds,
minutes, hours, days, months, quarters or years.</p>
<h2 id="tablehas-persistent-data"><span id="anchor-3823"></span><span
id="anchor-1008"></span>table:has-persistent-data</h2>
<p>The <em>table:has-persistent-data</em> attribute specifies whether
the current data in a database range is saved when the document itself
is saved.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:has-persistent-data</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: data in a database range is not saved when the document
itself is saved.</li>
<li>true: data in a database range is saved when the document itself is
saved.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:has-persistent-data</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:has-persistent-data</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableid"><span id="anchor-3824"></span><span
id="anchor-1149"></span>table:id</h2>
<p>The <em>table:id</em> attribute specifies the id of an insertion or
other tracked change.</p>
<p>The <em>table:id</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-492">9.9.17</a>,
<em>&lt;table:cell-content-deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1159">9.9.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:change-deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1160">9.9.8</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:dependency&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1156">9.9.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1168">9.9.11</a>, <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-495">9.9.13</a> and <em>&lt;table:previous&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1188">9.9.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableidentify-categories"><span id="anchor-3825"></span><span
id="anchor-1076"></span>table:identify-categories</h2>
<p>The <em>table:identify-categories</em> attribute specifies whether
rows that do not contain a value in one of the category columns should
use the value of the nearest ancestor row that has a value, or should be
moved into a group (or category) of its own. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:identify-categories</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: empty rows form a group or category.</li>
<li>true: empty rows use the value of the nearest ancestor row that has
a value for classification into a group or category.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:identify-categories</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:identify-categories</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableignore-empty-rows"><span id="anchor-3826"></span><span
id="anchor-1077"></span>table:ignore-empty-rows</h2>
<p>The <em>table:ignore-empty-rows</em> attribute specifies whether
empty rows in a source range should be ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:ignore-empty-rows</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: empty rows in a source range are not ignored.</li>
<li>true: empty rows in a source range are ignored.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:ignore-empty-rows</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:ignore-empty-rows</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableindex"><span id="anchor-3827"></span><span
id="anchor-953"></span>table:index</h2>
<p>The <em>table:index</em> attribute specifies for the
<em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> element on which it appears its order
in a series of <em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> elements under a
<em>&lt;table:detective&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>table:index</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-950">9.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:index</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableis-active"><span id="anchor-3828"></span><span
id="anchor-942"></span>table:is-active</h2>
<p>The <em>table:is-active</em> attribute specifies whether a scenario
that belongs to a scenario table is active.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:is-active</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: scenario that belongs to a scenario table is inactive.</li>
<li>true: scenario that belongs to a scenario table is active.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:is-active</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:is-active</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableis-data-layout-field"><span id="anchor-3829"></span><span
id="anchor-1089"></span>table:is-data-layout-field</h2>
<p>The <em>table:is-data-layout-field</em> attribute specifies whether a
field is a data layout field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:is-data-layout-field</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: field is not a data layout field.</li>
<li>true: field is a data layout field.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:is-data-layout-field</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:is-data-layout-field</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableis-selection"><span id="anchor-3830"></span><span
id="anchor-1009"></span>table:is-selection</h2>
<p>The <em>table:is-selection</em> attribute specifies whether the
database range includes a complete database, or a selection of records
from a database only.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:is-selection</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: database range includes a section of records from a
database.</li>
<li>true: database range includes a complete database.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:is-selection</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:is-selection</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableis-sub-table"><span id="anchor-3831"></span><span
id="anchor-870"></span>table:is-sub-table</h2>
<p>The <em>table:is-sub-table</em> attribute specifies if a nested table
is a subtable. </p>
<p>If a table cell only contains a single table but no paragraphs or
other content, the table can be specified to be a subtable, In which
case it occupies the whole cell and no other content can appear in the
cell.</p>
<p>The borders of a subtable merge with the borders of the cell where it
is specified. A subtable does not have its own style. </p>
<p>A nested table that is not specified to be a subtable appears as a
table within a table, that is, it has borders distinct from those of the
parent cell and respects the padding of the parent cell.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:is-sub-table</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: nested table is not a subtable.</li>
<li>true: nested table is a subtable.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:is-sub-table</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:is-sub-table</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablelabel-cell-range-address"><span
id="anchor-3832"></span><span
id="anchor-993"></span>table:label-cell-range-address</h2>
<p>The <em>table:label-cell-range-address</em> attribute specifies a
cell range address for labels.</p>
<p>The <em>table:label-cell-range-address</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-table:label-range">9.4.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:label-cell-range-address</em> attribute has the data
type <em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablelanguage"><span id="anchor-3833"></span><span
id="anchor-1033"></span>table:language</h2>
<p>The <em>table:language</em> attribute specifies the natural language
in which a comparison will occur.</p>
<p>The <em>table:language</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:language</em> attribute has the data type
<em>languageCode</em> <a href="#datatype-languageCode">18.3.17</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablelast-column-spanned"><span id="anchor-3834"></span><span
id="anchor-947"></span>table:last-column-spanned</h2>
<p>The <em>table:last-column-spanned</em> attribute together with the
<em>table:last-row-spanned</em> <a href="#anchor-948">19.664</a>
attribute specifies the last known size of a range. If the size of the
range has changed since the determination of its size, the value of
these attributes will be incorrect. </p>
<p>The <em>table:last-column-spanned</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:last-column-spanned</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablelast-row-end-column-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-3835"></span><span
id="anchor-2071"></span>table:last-row-end-column (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>table:last-row-end-column</em> attribute specifies the
whether the cell in the last row, end column gets its style from its row
or column. </p>
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The
<em>table:use-last-row-styles</em> <a href="#anchor-882">19.746</a> or
<em>table:use-last-column-styles</em> <a href="#anchor-881">19.745</a>
attributes should be used instead. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:last-row-end-column</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>column: cell in last row, end column should inherit its style from
the column where it appears.</li>
<li>row: cell in last row, end column should inherit its style from the
column where it appears.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:last-row-end-column</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:last-row-end-column</em> attribute are
row or column.</p>
<h2 id="tablelast-row-spanned"><span id="anchor-3836"></span><span
id="anchor-948"></span>table:last-row-spanned</h2>
<p>The <em>table:last-row-spanned</em> attribute together with the
<em>table:last-column-spanned</em> <a href="#anchor-947">19.662</a>
attribute specifies the last known size of a range. If the size of the
range has changed since the determination of its size, the value of
these attributes will be incorrect.</p>
<p>The <em>table:last-row-spanned</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:last-row-spanned</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablelast-row-start-column-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-3837"></span><span
id="anchor-2072"></span>table:last-row-start-column (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>table:last-row-start-column</em> attribute specifies the
whether the cell in the last row, start column gets its style from its
row or column. </p>
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The
<em>table:use-last-row-styles</em> <a href="#anchor-882">19.746</a> or
<em>table:use-first-column-styles</em> <a
href="#anchor-879">19.743</a>attributes should be used instead. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:last-row-start-column</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>column: cell in last row, start column should inherit its style from
the column where it appears.</li>
<li>row: cell in last row, start column should inherit its style from
the column where it appears.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:last-row-start-column</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:last-row-start-column</em> attribute are
row or column.</p>
<h2 id="tablelayout-mode"><span id="anchor-3838"></span><span
id="anchor-1119"></span>table:layout-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>table:layout-mode</em> attribute specifies how to layout a
field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:layout-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>outline-subtotals-bottom: Same as outline-subtotals-top, except that
subtotals are shown at the bottom (below the member's data, as in
tabular layout mode).</li>
<li>outline-subtotals-top: In outline layout mode, the members from the
following field start in the row below a member's name. Subtotals are
shown at the top (in the same row as the member's name). When the
subtotals take up more than one row (manually selected, or because there
are multiple data fields), they are always shown below the member's
data, regardless of the setting.</li>
<li>tabular-layout: Tabular layout mode is the layout, where each
member's name is on the same row as the first member from the following
field. Subtotals are always shown below a member's data in this
mode.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:layout-mode</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-layout-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1099">9.6.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:layout-mode</em> attribute are
tabular-layout, outline-subtotals-top or outline-subtotals-bottom.</p>
<h2 id="tablelink-to-source-data"><span id="anchor-3839"></span><span
id="anchor-1137"></span>table:link-to-source-data</h2>
<p>The <em>table:link-to-source-data</em> attribute specifies whether
the data in a consolidation table range should be linked to the source
data, so that it is automatically updated if any changes are made to the
source data.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:link-to-source-data</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: data in consolidated table range not linked to source
data.</li>
<li>true: data in consolidated table range is linked to source
data.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:link-to-source-data</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-109">9.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:link-to-source-data</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablemarked-invalid"><span id="anchor-3840"></span><span
id="anchor-958"></span>table:marked-invalid</h2>
<p>The <em>table:marked-invalid</em> attribute specifies whether the
current cell is marked invalid. This attribute cannot be used together
with any other attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:marked-invalid</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: current cell not marked invalid.</li>
<li>true: current cell marked invalid.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:marked-invalid</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:highlighted-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-951">9.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:marked-invalid</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablematrix-covered"><span id="anchor-3841"></span><span
id="anchor-1190"></span>table:matrix-covered</h2>
<p>The <em>table:matrix-covered</em> attribute specifies if a cell is
contained in a matrix. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:matrix-covered</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cell is not included in a matrix.</li>
<li>true: cell is included in a matrix.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:matrix-covered</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:matrix-covered</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablemaximum-difference"><span id="anchor-3842"></span><span
id="anchor-974"></span>table:maximum-difference</h2>
<p>The <em>table:maximum-difference</em> attribute specifies the maximum
difference between two iterative calculation results. The iteration is
stopped if the result is less than the value of this attribute. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0.001.</p>
<p>The <em>table:maximum-difference</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-968">9.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:maximum-difference</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablemember-count"><span id="anchor-3843"></span><span
id="anchor-1114"></span>table:member-count</h2>
<p>The <em>table:member-count</em> attribute specifies the number of
values, from the top or from the bottom of a data field's column, that
are shown.</p>
<p>The <em>table:member-count</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-display-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1098">9.6.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:member-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablemember-name"><span id="anchor-3844"></span><span
id="anchor-1122"></span>table:member-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:member-name</em> attribute specifies the value of a
data pilot member.</p>
<p>The <em>table:member-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1093">9.6.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:member-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablemember-type"><span id="anchor-3845"></span><span
id="anchor-1123"></span>table:member-type</h2>
<p>The <em>table:member-type</em> attribute specifies the member of the
referenced category column, whose value within the current data field is
taken into account. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:member-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>named: the <em>table:member-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-1122">19.672</a> attribute on the same
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> element specifies the
member whose value within the data field is taken into account.</li>
<li>next: the value of the data field for the next visible member of the
referenced category column is taken into account. Empty members are
skipped.</li>
<li>previous: the value of the data field for the next visible member of
the referenced category column is taken into account. Empty members are
skipped.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:member-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1093">9.6.16</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablemessage-type"><span id="anchor-3846"></span><span
id="anchor-988"></span>table:message-type</h2>
<p>The <em>table:message-type</em> attribute specifies the display of
messages.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:message-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>information: message is displayed as information only.</li>
<li>stop: message is displayed as an error and the operation that caused
the validation check is stopped.</li>
<li>warning: message is displayed as a warning.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is stop.</p>
<p>The <em>table:message-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-444">9.4.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:message-type</em> attribute are stop,
warning or information.</p>
<h2 id="tablemode"><span id="anchor-3847"></span><span
id="anchor-932"></span>table:mode</h2>
<p>The <em>table:mode</em> attribute specifies what data should be
copied from a source table to a destination table. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:mode</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>copy-all: formulas and styles are copied.</li>
<li>copy-results-only: only formula results and non-calculated cell
content are copied.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is copy-all.</p>
<p>The <em>table:mode</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:mode</em> attribute are copy-all or
copy-results-only.</p>
<h2 id="tablemulti-deletion-spanned"><span id="anchor-3848"></span><span
id="anchor-1165"></span>table:multi-deletion-spanned</h2>
<p>The <em>table:multi-deletion-spanned</em> attribute specifies the
total number of deleted rows or columns when multiple columns or rows
were deleted simultaneously. Each deleted row or column is represented
by a <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> element. The first
<em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> element in a set representing a
simultaneous deletion shall carry a
<em>table:multi-deletion-spanned</em> attribute that specifies the total
number of deleted rows or columns.</p>
<p>The <em>table:multi-deletion-spanned</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:multi-deletion-spanned</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablename"><span id="anchor-3849"></span><span
id="anchor-871"></span>table:name</h2>
<h3 id="general-90"><span id="anchor-3850"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies a name.</p>
<h3 id="tablecell-range-source-1"><span id="anchor-3851"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:cell-range-source"></span>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a source
database range or named range.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablecontent-validation-1"><span id="anchor-3852"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:content-validation"></span>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a content
validation rule. It is used to reference the validation rule from the
cell the rule should applied. </p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-group-1"><span id="anchor-3853"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:data-pilot-group"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a group.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1132">9.6.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-group-member-1"><span
id="anchor-3854"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:data-pilot-group-member"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a member.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-group-member&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1134">9.6.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-member-1"><span id="anchor-3855"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:data-pilot-member"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the value for which
display information is specified.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1107">9.6.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-table-1"><span id="anchor-3856"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:data-pilot-table"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a data pilot
table.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledatabase-range-1"><span id="anchor-3857"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:database-range"></span>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a database
range on which to perform operations. Within a single document, only one
database range may have no name. This database range is created by the
consumer and is used to filter or sort data in a cell range without the
user creating a database range.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablenamed-expression-1"><span id="anchor-3858"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:named-expression"></span>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of an
expression.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-997">9.4.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablenamed-range-2"><span id="anchor-3859"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:named-range"></span>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a database
range on which to perform operations. Within a single document, only one
database range may have no name. </p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-998">9.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tableoperation-1"><span id="anchor-3860"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:operation"></span>&lt;table:operation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a detective
operation. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:name</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>remove-dependents: removes highlighting from cells that use the
value of the current cell in their formula.</li>
<li>remove-precedents: removes highlighting from cells whose values are
used in the formula of the current cell.</li>
<li>trace-dependents: highlights cells that use the value of the current
cell in their formula.</li>
<li>trace-errors: highlights cells that cause an error while calculating
the result of the current cell's formula.</li>
<li>trace-precedents: highlights cells whose values are used in the
formula of the current cell.</li>
</ul>
<p>The nature of the highlighting imposed on or removed from cells as
the result of detective operations is implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-950">9.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:name</em> attribute are trace-dependents,
remove-dependents, trace-precedents, remove-precedents or
trace-errors.</p>
<h3 id="tablesource-cell-range-2"><span id="anchor-3861"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:source-cell-range"></span>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a cell range
containing source data. The value of this attribute shall be a string
matching the value of a <em>table:name</em> attribute of a
<em>table:named-range</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1054">9.6.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablesource-service-1"><span id="anchor-3862"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:source-service"></span>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a service.
The value of this attribute is implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1080">9.6.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-1"><span id="anchor-3863"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:table"></span>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a table.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-template-1"><span id="anchor-3864"></span><span
id="attribute-table:name_element-table:table-template"></span>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a table
template.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-202">16.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablenull-year"><span id="anchor-3865"></span><span
id="anchor-963"></span>table:null-year</h2>
<p>The <em>table:null-year</em> attribute specifies the start year for
year values that contain only two digits. All two-digit year values are
interpreted as a year that is the same as or follows the start year.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1930.</p>
<p>The <em>table:null-year</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:null-year</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablenumber-columns-repeated"><span
id="anchor-3866"></span><span
id="anchor-900"></span>table:number-columns-repeated</h2>
<h3 id="general-91"><span id="anchor-3867"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> attribute specifies the
repetition of columns.</p>
<h3 id="tablecovered-table-cell-1"><span id="anchor-3868"></span><span
id="attribute-table:number-columns-repeated_element-table:covered-table-cell"></span>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> attribute specifies the
number of successive columns in which a cell is repeated. It may be used
to describe two or more adjoining cells with a single cell element, if
they meet the following conditions:</p>
<ul>
<li>The cells contain the same content and style.</li>
<li>The cells are not merged horizontally or vertically.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> attribute has the data
type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-cell-1"><span id="anchor-3869"></span><span
id="attribute-table:number-columns-repeated_element-table:table-cell"></span>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> attribute specifies the
number of successive columns in which a cell is repeated. It may be used
to describe two or more adjoining cells with a single cell element, if
they meet the following conditions:</p>
<ul>
<li>The cells contain the same content and style.</li>
<li>The cells are not merged horizontally or vertically.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> attribute has the data
type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-column-1"><span id="anchor-3870"></span><span
id="attribute-table:number-columns-repeated_element-table:table-column"></span>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> attribute specifies the
number of columns to which a column description applies. If two or more
columns are adjoining, and have the same style, this attribute may be
used to describe them with a single <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em>
element.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-repeated</em> attribute has the data
type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablenumber-columns-spanned"><span id="anchor-3871"></span><span
id="anchor-901"></span>table:number-columns-spanned</h2>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-spanned</em> attribute specifies the
number of columns that a cell spans.</p>
<p>When a cell covers another cell because of a column or row span value
greater than one, a <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> element shall appear in the table to
represent the covered cell.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-spanned</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-columns-spanned</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablenumber-rows-repeated"><span id="anchor-3872"></span><span
id="anchor-895"></span>table:number-rows-repeated</h2>
<p>The <em>table:number-rows-repeated</em> attribute specifies the
number of rows to which a row element applies. If two or more rows are
adjoining, and have the same content and style, and do not contain
vertically merged cells, they may be described by a single
<em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> element that has a
<em>table:number-rows-repeated</em> attribute with a value greater than
1.</p>
<p>When a cell covers another cell because of a column or row span value
greater than one, a <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> element shall appear in the table to
represent the covered cell.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-rows-repeated</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-rows-repeated</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablenumber-rows-spanned"><span id="anchor-3873"></span><span
id="anchor-904"></span>table:number-rows-spanned</h2>
<p>The <em>table:number-rows-spanned</em> attribute specifies the number
of rows that a cell spans.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-rows-spanned</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-rows-spanned</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablenumber-matrix-columns-spanned"><span
id="anchor-3874"></span><span
id="anchor-902"></span>table:number-matrix-columns-spanned</h2>
<p>The <em>table:number-matrix-columns-spanned</em> attribute specifies
the number of columns spanned by a matrix.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-matrix-columns-spanned</em> attribute is usable
with the following elements:
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-matrix-columns-spanned</em> attribute has the
data type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablenumber-matrix-rows-spanned"><span
id="anchor-3875"></span><span
id="anchor-903"></span>table:number-matrix-rows-spanned</h2>
<p>The <em>table:number-matrix-rows-spanned</em> attribute specifies the
number of rows spanned by a matrix.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-matrix-rows-spanned</em> attribute is usable
with the following elements:
<em>&lt;table:change-track-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-443">9.9.16</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:number-matrix-rows-spanned</em> attribute has the data
type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableobject-name"><span id="anchor-3876"></span><span
id="anchor-1084"></span>table:object-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:object-name</em> attribute specifies the name of the
object in the source which contains the data and is passed to the
service implementation. Its value is implementation-dependent and
service-specific.</p>
<p>The <em>table:object-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1080">9.6.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:object-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableon-update-keep-size"><span id="anchor-3877"></span><span
id="anchor-1010"></span>table:on-update-keep-size</h2>
<p>The <em>table:on-update-keep-size</em> attribute specifies the
behavior of a database range if the size of the data in the data source
changes. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:on-update-keep-size</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: range does not retain its size.</li>
<li>true: range retains its size.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:on-update-keep-size</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:on-update-keep-size</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableon-update-keep-styles"><span id="anchor-3878"></span><span
id="anchor-1011"></span>table:on-update-keep-styles</h2>
<p>The <em>table:on-update-keep-styles</em> attribute specifies the
behavior if the database range is updated. If the attribute value is
true, the cell styles that are assigned to the cells in the first
non-label row of the database range are used for all rows with in the
database range. If the attribute value is false, all cells in the
database range are assigned the default cell style of the document
assigned.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:on-update-keep-styles</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: all cells in the database range get the default cell style of
the document assigned.</li>
<li>true: cell styles that are assigned to the cells in the first
non-label row of the database range are used for all rows with in the
database range.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:on-update-keep-styles</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:on-update-keep-styles</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableoperator"><span id="anchor-3879"></span><span
id="anchor-1064"></span>table:operator</h2>
<p>The <em>table:operator</em> attribute specifies the operator to use
in a filter condition. Each cell contained in columns specified by a
field number (<em>table:field-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-1039">19.641</a> attribute) is compared to a value
(<em>table:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1039">19.641</a> attribute) using
the specified operator. The result of this comparison is the result of
the filter sub-conditions specified by a
<em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The defined operators that use regular expressions are:</p>
<ul>
<li>match (matches)</li>
<li>!match (does not match)</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:value</em> attribute contains the regular expression.
</p>
<p>Regular expressions are implementation-dependent expressions that, at
a minimum, conform to the requirements of Conformance Clause C1 of <span
class="citation" data-cites="UTR18">[UTR18]</span>.</p>
<p>The defined operators that do not use regular expressions are:</p>
<ul>
<li>= (equal to)</li>
<li>!= (not equal to)</li>
<li>&lt; (less than)</li>
<li>&gt; (greater than)</li>
<li>&lt;= (less than or equal to)</li>
<li>&gt;= (greater than or equal to)</li>
<li>begins (begins with)</li>
<li>contains (contains)</li>
<li>!contains (does not contain)</li>
<li>ends (ends with)</li>
<li>!begins (does not begin with)</li>
<li>!ends (does not end with)</li>
<li>bottom percent (same as bottom values, except that the
<em>office:value</em> <a href="#anchor-1065">19.752</a> attribute
specifies the number of cells for which the condition is true as a
percentage)</li>
<li>bottom values (true for the <em>n</em> cells that have the smallest
value, where <em>n</em> is the value of the <em>office:value</em>
attribute)</li>
<li>empty (true for empty cells)</li>
<li>!empty (true for non-empty cells)</li>
<li>top percent (same as bottom percent, but for the largest
values)</li>
<li>top values (same as bottom values, but for the largest values)</li>
</ul>
<p>Depending on the value of the <em>table:data-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-611">19.388</a> attribute, all operations take place on
string or numeric values.</p>
<p>The <em>table:operator</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:operator</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableorder"><span id="anchor-3880"></span><span
id="anchor-1040"></span>table:order</h2>
<p>The <em>table:order</em> attribute specifies whether a sort order
should be in ascending or descending order.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:order</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>ascending: sorting of values should be in ascending order.</li>
<li>descending: sorting of values should be in descending order.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Sorting is locale- and implementation-dependent.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>For <em>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1036">9.4.20</a>
and <em>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1043">9.4.22</a>
elements the default value for this attribute is ascending.</p>
<p>The <em>table:order</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1101">9.6.14</a>, <em>&lt;table:sort-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1036">9.4.20</a> and <em>&lt;table:sort-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1043">9.4.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:order</em> attribute are ascending or
descending.</p>
<h2 id="tableorientation"><span id="anchor-3881"></span><span
id="anchor-994"></span>table:orientation</h2>
<h3 id="general-92"><span id="anchor-3882"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>table:orientation</em> attribute specifies the organizing of
tables.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-field-2"><span id="anchor-3883"></span><span
id="attribute-table:orientation_element-table:data-pilot-field"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:orientation</em> attribute specifies the orientation of
a source field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:orientation</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>column: field specifies a category column</li>
<li>data: field specifies a data column</li>
<li>hidden: field has a corresponding column in a data pilot's source
but are not visible in the data pilot table.</li>
<li>page: specifies that an automatic filter (one that allows to choose
one of the values that are contained in the column) should be generated
for the corresponding column. In that case, an additional field with
row, column or data orientation shall exist for the column. The
<em>table:selected-page</em> attribute specifies which value is selected
for the filter.</li>
<li>row: specifies a category row</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:orientation</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:orientation</em> attribute are row,
column, data, hidden or page.</p>
<h3 id="tabledatabase-range-2"><span id="anchor-3884"></span><span
id="attribute-table:orientation_element-table:database-range"></span>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:orientation</em> attribute specifies whether data
fields are organized in row or columns.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:orientation</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>column: organization is by columns</li>
<li>row: organization is by rows</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a> element the default value for this
attribute is row.</p>
<p>The <em>table:orientation</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:orientation</em> attribute are column or
row.</p>
<h3 id="tablelabel-range-1"><span id="anchor-3885"></span><span
id="attribute-table:orientation_element-table:label-range"></span>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:orientation</em> attribute specifies whether labels
label rows or columns. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:orientation</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>column: label range oriented by column</li>
<li>row: label range oriented by row</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:orientation</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:label-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-table:label-range">9.4.9</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:orientation</em> attribute are column or
row.</p>
<h2 id="tablepage-breaks-on-group-change"><span
id="anchor-3886"></span><span
id="anchor-1042"></span>table:page-breaks-on-group-change</h2>
<p>The <em>table:page-breaks-on-group-change</em> attribute specifies
whether to insert a page break after the subtotal for each group.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:page-breaks-on-group-change</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: page breaks are not inserted after subtotals for a
group.</li>
<li>true: page breaks are inserted after subtotals for a group.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:page-breaks-on-group-change</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;table:subtotal-rules&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1018">9.4.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:page-breaks-on-group-change</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableparagraph-style-name"><span id="anchor-3887"></span><span
id="anchor-2077"></span>table:paragraph-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> attribute specifies the
paragraph style which should be applied to the empty paragraphs created
in cells for tables created from a template.</p>
<p>The <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2068">16.21.6</a>, <em>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2066">16.21.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2064">16.21.7</a>, <em>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2060">16.21.4</a>, <em>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2062">16.21.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2061">16.21.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2063">16.21.3</a>, <em>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2067">16.21.10</a> and <em>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2065">16.21.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:paragraph-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableparse-sql-statement"><span id="anchor-3888"></span><span
id="anchor-1022"></span>table:parse-sql-statement</h2>
<p>A <em>table:parse-sql-statement</em> attribute specifies whether the
consumer will parse SQL statements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:parse-sql-statement</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: consumer does not parse SQL statements.</li>
<li>true: consumer parses SQL statements.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:parse-sql-statement</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1014">9.4.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:parse-sql-statement</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablepassword"><span id="anchor-3889"></span><span
id="anchor-1085"></span>table:password</h2>
<p>The <em>table:password</em> attribute specifies the password needed
to access the source. It is passed to the service implementation. Its
value is implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<p>The <em>table:password</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1080">9.6.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:password</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableposition"><span id="anchor-3890"></span><span
id="anchor-1150"></span>table:position</h2>
<p>The <em>table:position</em> attribute specifies the position where an
insertion or deletion was made in a table. Depending on the type of
insertion or deletion, the value is the number of a row, a column or a
table.</p>
<p>If multiple rows or columns get deleted, the
<em>table:start-position</em> <a href="#anchor-1173">19.723</a> and
<em>table:end-position</em> <a href="#anchor-1172">19.633</a> attributes
contain the number of the first (inclusive) and last (exclusive) deleted
rows or columns.</p>
<p>The <em>table:position</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion-cut-off&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1168">9.9.11</a> and
<em>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1169">9.9.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableprecision-as-shown"><span id="anchor-3891"></span><span
id="anchor-964"></span>table:precision-as-shown</h2>
<p>The <em>table:precision-as-shown</em> attribute specifies whether to
perform a calculation using the rounded values displayed in the
spreadsheet or using all of the digits in a value. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:precision-as-shown</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: calculations are performed using all of the digits in a
value, but the result is displayed as a rounded number.</li>
<li>true: calculations are performed using the rounded values displayed
in the spreadsheet.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:precision-as-shown</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:precision-as-shown</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableprint"><span id="anchor-3892"></span><span
id="anchor-872"></span>table:print</h2>
<p>The <em>table:print</em> attribute specifies if a table will be
printed. The <em>table:print</em> attribute value is overridden by the
<em>table:display</em> <a href="#anchor-913">19.621</a> attribute. If
the table is not displayed, it will also not be printed.</p>
<p>If a table is printed, the table range printed can be specified by
the <em>table:print-ranges</em> attribute. If there is no
<em>table:print-ranges</em> <a href="#anchor-873">19.698</a> attribute
or it has no value specified, the non-empty portion of a table will be
printed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:print</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: table cannot be printed.</li>
<li>true: table can be printed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:print</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:print</em> attribute has the data type <em>boolean</em>
<a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableprint-ranges"><span id="anchor-3893"></span><span
id="anchor-873"></span>table:print-ranges</h2>
<p>The <em>table:print-ranges</em> attribute specifies print ranges of a
table. Print ranges define the cells that will be printed. It contains a
list of cell addresses or cell range addresses.</p>
<p>The <em>table:print-ranges</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:print-ranges</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableprotect-deprecated"><span id="anchor-3894"></span><span
id="anchor-905"></span>table:protect (deprecated) </h2>
<p>The <em>table:protect</em> attribute specifies whether a table cell
is protected. Users cannot edit the content of a cell that is marked as
protected.</p>
<p>This attribute is deprecated in favor of the <em>table:protected</em>
<a href="#anchor-874">19.700</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:protect</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cell is not protected.</li>
<li>true: cell is protected.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:protect</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:protect</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableprotected"><span id="anchor-3895"></span><span
id="anchor-874"></span>table:protected</h2>
<h3 id="general-93"><span id="anchor-3896"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute specifies protection for
tables.</p>
<h3 id="tablecovered-table-cell-2"><span id="anchor-3897"></span><span
id="attribute-table:protected_element-table:covered-table-cell"></span><span
id="line-261"></span><span id="DDE_LINK17"></span><span
id="line-2511"></span><span id="line-2411"></span><span
id="line-271"></span>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt; </h3>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute specifies whether a table cell
is protected. Users cannot edit the content of a cell that is marked as
protected. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:protected</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cell is not protected.</li>
<li><span id="anchor-3898"></span><span id="anchor-3899"></span>true:
cell is protected.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> element the default value for this
attribute is false. <span id="anchor-3900"></span><span
id="anchor-3901"></span></p>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablescenario-1"><span id="anchor-3902"></span><span
id="attribute-table:protected_element-table:scenario"></span>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute specifies specifies whether
the data that is displayed within the scenario is protected from being
edited. The attribute is only evaluated if the table on which the
scenario displayed is also protected. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:protected</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: data is not protected.</li>
<li>true: data is protected.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-2"><span id="anchor-3903"></span><span
id="attribute-table:protected_element-table:table"></span>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute specifies whether a table is
protected from editing. If the table is protected, the
<em>table:protection-key</em> <a href="#anchor-148">19.701</a> attribute
can specify an authorization requirement for resetting the protection to
enable editing. For a protected table, the protection of table cells may
be controlled individually by the <em>style:cell-protect</em> <a
href="#anchor-2568">20.253</a> attribute. Table cells are protected only
if they have a table cell style assigned whose
<em>style:cell-protect</em> attribute value is different than none. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:protected</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: table is not protected.</li>
<li>true: table is protected.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>
element the default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-cell-2"><span id="anchor-3904"></span><span
id="line-27"></span><span id="line-241"></span><span
id="line-26"></span><span id="line-251"></span><span
id="attribute-table:protected_element-table:table-cell"></span>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;
</h3>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute specifies whether a table cell
is protected. Users cannot edit the content of a cell that is marked as
protected. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:protected</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cell is not protected.</li>
<li><span id="anchor-3905"></span><span id="anchor-3906"></span>true:
cell is protected.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a> element the default value for this
attribute is false. <span id="anchor-3907"></span><span
id="anchor-3908"></span></p>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:protected</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableprotection-key"><span id="anchor-3909"></span><span
id="anchor-148"></span>table:protection-key</h2>
<p>The <em>table:protection-key</em> attribute, when present, specifies
that an authorization is required for removing the protection of a
table, table cell or scenario. The authentication procedure is
identified by the <em>table:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em>
attribute. <a href="#anchor-149">19.702</a> The attribute value is
binary data that may be used by the authentication procedure.</p>
<p>The password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8
encoding. </p>
<p>The <em>table:protection-key</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a> and <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:protection-key</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableprotection-key-digest-algorithm"><span
id="anchor-3910"></span><span
id="anchor-149"></span>table:protection-key-digest-algorithm</h2>
<p>The <em>table:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> attribute value is
an IRI that identifies an authentication procedure for removing a
protection.</p>
<p>If the IRI identifies a message-digest algorithm specified in §5.7 of
<span class="citation" data-cites="xmlenc-core">[xmlenc-core]</span>,
the value of <em>table:protection-key</em> <a
href="#anchor-2568">20.253</a> attribute shall be the hash value of the
password that is required to authorize removal of the protection. The
password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8 encoding.
</p>
<p>Any other procedures, their identifying IRIs, and their application
of <em>table:protection-key</em> values are implementation-defined.</p>
<p>Consumers shall support http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1<a
href="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1,">,</a> which is the
default, and http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. They may support
other algorithms described in §5.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="xmlenc-core">[xmlenc-core]</span> or alternative procedures.
Producers should use http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is
http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1.</p>
<p>The <em>table:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> attribute is
usable with the following elements: <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-32">3.7</a> and <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> attribute has the
data type <em>anyIRI</em> <a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablequery-name"><span id="anchor-3911"></span><span
id="anchor-1027"></span>table:query-name</h2>
<p>A <em>table:query-name</em> attribute specifies a query to perform on
a database whose data is being imported.</p>
<p>The <em>table:query-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:database-source-query&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1013">9.4.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:query-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablerange-usable-as"><span id="anchor-3912"></span><span
id="anchor-1000"></span>table:range-usable-as</h2>
<p>The <em>table:range-usable-as</em> attribute specifies whether the
name of the range can be used within the specification of a print range,
a filter, a repeating row, or a repeat column. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:range-usable-as</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>none</li>
<li>a white space-separated list that consists of any of the values
print-range, filter, repeat-row or repeat-column.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The <em>table:range-usable-as</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:named-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-998">9.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:range-usable-as</em> attribute are none,
or white space separated non-empty lists of one of these values:
print-range, filter, repeat-row, or repeat-column..</p>
<h2 id="tablerefresh-delay"><span id="anchor-3913"></span><span
id="anchor-933"></span>table:refresh-delay</h2>
<p>The <em>table:refresh-delay</em> attribute specifies a time delay
between automatic refresh actions.</p>
<p>The <em>table:refresh-delay</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:refresh-delay</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablerejecting-change-id"><span id="anchor-3914"></span><span
id="anchor-1151"></span>table:rejecting-change-id</h2>
<p>The <em>table:rejecting-change-id</em> attribute specifies the id of
a previously-tracked change that has been rejected. </p>
<p>The <em>table:rejecting-change-id</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-content-change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-492">9.9.17</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a> and <em>&lt;table:movement&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-495">9.9.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:rejecting-change-id</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablerfc-language-tag"><span id="anchor-3915"></span><span
id="anchor-1034"></span>table:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<p>The <em>table:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute specifies a language
identifier according to the rules of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors.</p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid
combination of the <em>table:language</em>, <em>table:script</em> and
<em>table:country</em> attributes.</p>
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don't support the
<em>table:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute by specifying
<em>table:language <a href="#anchor-148">19.701</a></em>,
<em>table:script <a href="#anchor-1033">19.661</a></em> and
<em>table:country</em> <a href="#anchor-1035">19.710</a> attributes with
values that are implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The <em>table:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute augments the
<em>table:language</em>, <em>table:script</em> and
<em>table:country</em> attributes. It shall only be used if its value
could not be expressed as a valid combination of those. The value shall
be a language identifier according to the rules of <span
class="citation" data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its
successors. If a fall-back is provided for consumers that do not support
the <em>table:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute, producers should add
<em>table:language</em>, <em>table:script</em> and
<em>table:country</em> attributes whose values are as close as possible
to the value of the <em>table:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute. Producers
shall not use values for these attributes that contradict the value of
the <em>table:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>table:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute has the data type
<em>language</em> <a href="#anchor-270">18.3.16</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablerow"><span id="anchor-3916"></span><span
id="anchor-1182"></span>table:row</h2>
<p>The <em>table:row</em> attribute specifies the row number of a cell.
</p>
<p>The <em>table:row</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1162">9.9.18</a>,
<em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1175">9.9.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1176">9.9.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:row</em> attribute has the data type <em>integer</em>
<a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablescenario-ranges"><span id="anchor-3917"></span><span
id="anchor-943"></span>table:scenario-ranges</h2>
<p>The <em>table:scenario-ranges</em> attribute specifies the table
range that is displayed as a scenario. The value of this attribute is a
white-space-separated list of cell range addresses.</p>
<p>The <em>table:scenario-ranges</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:scenario&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-884">9.2.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:scenario-ranges</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablescript"><span id="anchor-3918"></span><span
id="anchor-1035"></span>table:script</h2>
<p>The <em>table:script</em> attribute specifies the script information
for the natural language in which comparisons will occur. The attribute
should be used only if necessary according to the rules of §2.2.3 of
<span class="citation" data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its
successors.</p>
<p>The <em>table:script</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:script</em> attribute has the data type
<em>scriptCode</em> <a href="#datatype-scriptCode">18.3.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablesearch-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell"><span
id="anchor-3919"></span><span
id="anchor-965"></span>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</h2>
<p>The <em>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</em> attribute
specifies whether a search pattern matches the entire content of a
cell.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The <em>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</em> is
used with the <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-982">19.600</a> element when the <em>table:data-type</em>
<a href="#anchor-1038">19.615</a> attribute has the value text and the
<em>table:operator</em> <a href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a> attribute has a
value of: match, !match, =, or !=.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The defined values for the
<em>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</em> are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: search pattern can match a substring at any position within a
cell. </li>
<li>true: search pattern matches entire content of a cell. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</em> attribute
is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:search-criteria-must-apply-to-whole-cell</em> attribute
has the data type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableselected-page"><span id="anchor-3920"></span><span
id="anchor-1090"></span>table:selected-page</h2>
<p>The <em>table:selected-page</em> attribute specifies which value is
selected for an automatic filter.</p>
<p>The <em>table:selected-page</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:selected-page</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableshow-details"><span id="anchor-3921"></span><span
id="anchor-1109"></span>table:show-details</h2>
<p>The <em>table:show-details</em> attribute specifies whether
additional fields are displayed for a member. This attribute changes the
behavior of a data pilot only if there are multiple fields with the
orientation row or column.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:show-details</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: field with a row or column orientation that is not the last
field with this orientation, no members are displayed for following
fields with the same orientation. Data displayed for these fields is
summarized using a <em>function</em> specified by the data pilot's
<em>table:function</em> <a href="#anchor-1050">19.647</a> attribute.
</li>
<li>true: field with a row or column orientation that is not the last
field with this orientation, members are displayed for following fields
with the same orientation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:show-details</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-member&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1107">9.6.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:show-details</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableshow-empty"><span id="anchor-3922"></span><span
id="anchor-1097"></span>table:show-empty</h2>
<p>The <em>table:show-empty</em> attribute specifies whether fields that
do not have any members should be displayed. If this attribute is not
present, it is implementation-defined whether fields without members are
displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:show-empty</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: fields without members are not displayed. </li>
<li>true: fields without members are displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:show-empty</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-level&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1095">9.6.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:show-empty</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableshow-filter-button"><span id="anchor-3923"></span><span
id="anchor-1078"></span>table:show-filter-button</h2>
<p>The <em>table:show-filter-button</em> attribute specifies whether a
filter button is displayed for a data pilot table. A filter button
displays a user interface for a filter if pushed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:show-filter-button</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: filter button is not shown in UI. </li>
<li>true: filter button is shown in UI.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:show-filter-button</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:show-filter-button</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablesort-mode"><span id="anchor-3924"></span><span
id="anchor-1116"></span>table:sort-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>table:sort-mode</em> attribute specifies how to sort the
members of a single data pilot field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:sort-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>data: fields are sorted by values in the data field specified by a
<em>table:data-field</em> <a href="#anchor-1111">19.611</a>
attribute.</li>
<li>manual: fields are sorted by the user</li>
<li>name: fields are sorted by name of the field</li>
<li>none: fields are not sorted.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:sort-mode</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-sort-info&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1101">9.6.14</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablesource-cell-range-addresses"><span
id="anchor-3925"></span><span
id="anchor-1138"></span>table:source-cell-range-addresses</h2>
<p>The <em>table:source-cell-range-addresses</em> attribute specifies
source cell ranges.</p>
<p>The <em>table:source-cell-range-addresses</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-109">9.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:source-cell-range-addresses</em> attribute has the data
type <em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablesource-field-name"><span id="anchor-3926"></span><span
id="anchor-1091"></span>table:source-field-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:source-field-name</em> attribute specifies the name or
label of a column that connects to a field.</p>
<p>There can be multiple <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em>
elements with the same value for this attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>table:source-field-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a> and
<em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1094">9.6.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:source-field-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablesource-name"><span id="anchor-3927"></span><span
id="anchor-1086"></span>table:source-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:source-name</em> attribute specifies a source name that
is passed to the service implementation. Its value is
implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<p>The <em>table:source-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1080">9.6.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:source-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablesql-statement"><span id="anchor-3928"></span><span
id="anchor-1023"></span>table:sql-statement</h2>
<p>An <em>table:sql-statement</em> attribute specifies the SQL statement
to use when importing data from an SQL database.</p>
<p>The <em>table:sql-statement</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:database-source-sql&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1014">9.4.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:sql-statement</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablestart"><span id="anchor-3929"></span><span
id="anchor-1130"></span>table:start</h2>
<p>The <em>table:start</em> attribute specifies the start value for a
grouping of numeric values. All values that are lower than the start
value are contained in a single group, while values that are equal to or
higher than the start value are grouped as specified by the
<em>table:grouped-by</em> <a href="#anchor-1129">19.650</a> and
<em>table:step</em> <a href="#anchor-1129">19.650</a> attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:start</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: the lowest value of the field is used as the start value.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>double</em>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:start</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1094">9.6.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:start</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a> or auto.</p>
<h2 id="tablestart-column"><span id="anchor-3930"></span><span
id="anchor-1183"></span>table:start-column</h2>
<p>The <em>table:start-column</em> attribute specifies the start-column
for a cell range address. The value of a <em>table:start-column</em>
attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The <em>table:start-column</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1175">9.9.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1176">9.9.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:start-column</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablestart-position"><span id="anchor-3931"></span><span
id="anchor-1173"></span>table:start-position</h2>
<p>The <em>table:start-position</em> attribute specifies the number of
the first deleted row or column if multiple rows or columns are deleted.
The value of a <em>table:start-position</em> attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The <em>table:start-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:movement-cut-off&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1169">9.9.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:start-position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablestart-row"><span id="anchor-3932"></span><span
id="anchor-1184"></span>table:start-row</h2>
<p>The <em>table:start-row</em> attribute specifies the start-row for a
cell range address. The value of a <em>table:start-row</em> attribute is
inclusive.</p>
<p>The <em>table:start-row</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1175">9.9.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1176">9.9.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:start-row</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablestart-table"><span id="anchor-3933"></span><span
id="anchor-1185"></span>table:start-table</h2>
<p>The <em>table:start-table</em> attribute specifies the start-table
for a cell range address. The value of a <em>table:start-table</em>
attribute is inclusive.</p>
<p>The <em>table:start-table</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1175">9.9.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1176">9.9.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:start-table</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablestatus"><span id="anchor-3934"></span><span
id="anchor-975"></span>table:status</h2>
<p>The <em>table:status</em> attribute specifies whether iterative
calculations are enabled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:status</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>enable: iterative calculations will occur.</li>
<li>disable: iterative calculations will not occur.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is disable.</p>
<p>The <em>table:status</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-968">9.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:status</em> attribute are enable or
disable.</p>
<h2 id="tablestep"><span id="anchor-3935"></span><span
id="anchor-1131"></span>table:step</h2>
<p>The <em>table:step</em> attribute specifies the grouping of numeric
values, by specifying the distance between the groups.</p>
<p>The <em>table:step</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-groups&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1094">9.6.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:step</em> attribute has the data type <em>double</em>
<a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablesteps"><span id="anchor-3936"></span><span
id="anchor-976"></span>table:steps</h2>
<p>The <em>table:steps</em> attribute specifies the maximum number of
iterative calculations. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 100.</p>
<p>The <em>table:steps</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:iteration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-968">9.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:steps</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablestructure-protected"><span id="anchor-3937"></span><span
id="anchor-150"></span>table:structure-protected</h2>
<p>The <em>table:structure-protected</em> attribute specifies whether a
table is protected from the insertion, deletion, moving or renaming of
tables in the document. If the table structure is protected and the
<em>table:protection-key</em> <a href="#anchor-148">19.701</a> attribute
is present, an authorization is required for resetting the protection to
enable editing.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:show-details</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: table is not protected.</li>
<li>true: table is protected.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:structure-protected</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;office:spreadsheet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-32">3.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:structure-protected</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablestyle-name"><span id="anchor-3938"></span><span
id="anchor-875"></span>table:style-name</h2>
<h3 id="general-94"><span id="anchor-3939"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies styles that are
assigned to elements. The style can be either an automatic or common
style.</p>
<h3 id="tablebackground-1"><span id="anchor-3940"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:background"></span>&lt;table:background&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element for the table. The style specified
by the <em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> has a <em>style:family</em> <a
href="#anchor-2013">19.480</a> attribute with the value table.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:background&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2073">16.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablebody-1"><span id="anchor-3941"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:body"></span>&lt;table:body&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:body&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2068">16.21.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablecovered-table-cell-3"><span id="anchor-3942"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:covered-table-cell"></span>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>If a cell does not have a cell style assigned, then the
<em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute of the table row
specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the
<em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute of the table column
specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the default style with
family table-cell specifies the style for the cell. </p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tableeven-columns-1"><span id="anchor-3943"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:even-columns"></span>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2066">16.21.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tableeven-rows-1"><span id="anchor-3944"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:even-rows"></span>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2064">16.21.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablefirst-column-1"><span id="anchor-3945"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:first-column"></span>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2060">16.21.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablefirst-row-1"><span id="anchor-3946"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:first-row"></span>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2062">16.21.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablelast-column-1"><span id="anchor-3947"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:last-column"></span>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2061">16.21.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablelast-row-1"><span id="anchor-3948"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:last-row"></span>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2063">16.21.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tableodd-columns-1"><span id="anchor-3949"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:odd-columns"></span>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2067">16.21.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tableodd-rows-1"><span id="anchor-3950"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:odd-rows"></span>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2065">16.21.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-cell-3"><span id="anchor-3951"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:table-cell"></span>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-cell.</p>
<p>If a cell does not have a cell style assigned, then the
<em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute of the table row
specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the
<em>table:default-cell-style-name</em> attribute of the table column
specifies the cell style. If that does not exist, the default style with
family table-cell specifies the style for the cell. </p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-column-2"><span id="anchor-3952"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:table-column"></span>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-column.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-row-1"><span id="anchor-3953"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:table-row"></span>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table-row.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-3"><span id="anchor-3954"></span><span
id="attribute-table:style-name_element-table:table"></span>&lt;table:table&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute specifies a
<em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> element of type table.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabletab-color"><span id="anchor-2557"></span><span
id="attribute-table:tab-color"></span><span
id="attrubute-table:tab-color"></span>table:tab-color</h2>
<p>The <em>table:tab-color</em> attribute specifies the color of the tab
associated with a sheet.</p>
<p>When this attribute is missing, the application should use the
default color used for sheet tabs.</p>
<h2 id="tabletable-4"><span id="anchor-3955"></span><span
id="anchor-1152"></span>table:table</h2>
<p>The <em>table:table</em> attribute specifies a table number for
insertions, deletions and for table cells. </p>
<p>The <em>table:table</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:cell-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1162">9.9.18</a>, <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>, <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a>,
<em>&lt;table:source-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1175">9.9.14</a> and
<em>&lt;table:target-range-address&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1176">9.9.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:table</em> attribute has the data type <em>integer</em>
<a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabletable-background"><span id="anchor-3956"></span><span
id="anchor-1252"></span>table:table-background</h2>
<p>The <em>table:table-background</em> attribute specifies whether a
shape is in the table background if the drawing shape is included in a
spreadsheet document. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:table-background</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: shape is included in foreground of a table.</li>
<li>true: shape is included in background of a table.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:table-background</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:table-background</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabletable-name"><span id="anchor-3957"></span><span
id="anchor-934"></span>table:table-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:table-name</em> attribute specifies the name of the
table in the source document to which the current table is linked. If
the attribute is omitted, the current table is linked to the first table
in the source document.</p>
<p>The <em>table:table-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:table-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabletarget-cell-address"><span id="anchor-3958"></span><span
id="anchor-1139"></span>table:target-cell-address</h2>
<p>The <em>table:target-cell-address</em> attribute specifies a target
cell address.</p>
<p>The <em>table:target-cell-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-109">9.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:target-cell-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellAddress</em> <a href="#datatype-cellAddress">18.3.4</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabletarget-range-address-1"><span id="anchor-3959"></span><span
id="anchor-1012"></span>table:target-range-address</h2>
<h3 id="general-95"><span id="anchor-3960"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute specifies a cell
range address. The value of this attribute shall be an absolute cell
address that contains a table name. The dollar signs “$” (U+0024, DOLLAR
SIGN) that indicate an absolute address may be omitted.</p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-table-2"><span id="anchor-3961"></span><span
id="attribute-table:target-range-address_element-table:data-pilot-table"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute specifies the cell
range where a data pilot table will be displayed. </p>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1020">9.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabledatabase-range-3"><span id="anchor-3962"></span><span
id="attribute-table:target-range-address_element-table:database-range"></span>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute specifies the cell
range address of a database range.</p>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:database-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1004">9.4.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablefilter-1"><span id="anchor-3963"></span><span
id="attribute-table:target-range-address_element-table:filter"></span>&lt;table:filter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute specifies the cell
range for the result of a filter operation, but all table rows remain
visible. If the attribute is not present, the rows that do not match the
filter conditions are not displayed.</p>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:filter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1016">9.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablesort-1"><span id="anchor-3964"></span><span
id="attribute-table:target-range-address_element-table:sort"></span>&lt;table:sort&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute specifies the cell
range for the result of a sort operation. If the attribute is not
present, the cell range for the result is identical to the cell range of
the database range. </p>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:sort&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1017">9.4.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:target-range-address</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddress</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddress">18.3.5</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabletemplate-name"><span id="anchor-3965"></span><span
id="anchor-876"></span>table:template-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:template-name</em> attribute specifies a table template
by name.</p>
<p>The <em>table:template-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:template-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabletitle-1"><span id="anchor-3966"></span><span
id="anchor-986"></span>table:title</h2>
<p>The <em>table:title</em> attribute that specifies a title of a help
or error message.</p>
<p>The <em>table:title</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:error-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-444">9.4.7</a> and <em>&lt;table:help-message&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-445">9.4.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:title</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabletrack-changes"><span id="anchor-3967"></span><span
id="anchor-1145"></span>table:track-changes</h2>
<p>The <em>table:track-changes</em> attribute specifies whether change
tracking is enabled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:track-changes</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: changes are not tracked.</li>
<li>true: changes are tracked.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:track-changes</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-151">9.9.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:track-changes</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tabletype"><span id="anchor-3968"></span><span
id="anchor-1124"></span>table:type</h2>
<h3 id="general-96"><span id="anchor-3969"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>table:type</em> attribute specifies a type for a table. </p>
<h3 id="tabledata-pilot-field-reference-1"><span
id="anchor-3970"></span><span
id="attribute-table:type_element-table:data-pilot-field-reference"></span>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:type</em> attribute specifies the processing of a
referenced category column for display.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>column-percentage: Same as row-percentage, but the total for the
result's column is used.</li>
<li>index: The row and column totals and the grand total are calculated
as described for row-percentage, and then are used to calculate the
following expression: (original result * grand total ) / ( row total *
column total ). Division by zero is an error.</li>
<li>member-difference: From each result, the value calculated for the
category column member specified by the <em>table:member-type</em> and
<em>table:member-name</em> attributes is subtracted.</li>
<li>member-percentage: Each result is divided by the value calculated
for the category column member specified by the
<em>table:member-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1123">19.673</a> and
<em>table:member-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1122">19.672</a> attributes.
Division by zero is an error. Empty results are shown as “0”. If the
<em>table:member-type</em> attribute has the value previous, “1” is
displayed as first value. If the <em>table:member-type</em> attribute
has the value next, “1” is displayed as last value.</li>
<li>member-percentage-difference: From each result, the value calculated
for the category column member specified by the
<em>table:member-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1123">19.673</a> and
<em>table:member-name</em> <a href="#anchor-1122">19.672</a> attributes
is subtracted, and the result is divided by this value again. Division
by zero is an error. Otherwise, the rules for member-difference
apply.</li>
<li>none: This value means that the results in the data fields are
displayed unmodified.</li>
<li>row-percentage: Each result is divided by the total result for its
row in the data pilot table. If there are multiple data fields, the
total for the result's data field is used. If there are subtotals with
manually-selected summary functions, the total is calculated with the
data field's summary function. Division by zero results in an
error.</li>
<li>running-total: Each result is added to the sum of the results for
preceding members in the referenced category column, in the reference
field's sort order, and the total sum is shown.</li>
<li>total-percentage: Same as row-percentage, but the grand total for
the result's data field is used.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field-reference&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1093">9.6.16</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:type</em> attribute are none,
member-difference, member-percentage, member-percentage-difference,
running-total, row-percentage, column-percentage, total-percentage or
index.</p>
<h3 id="tabledeletion-1"><span id="anchor-3971"></span><span
id="attribute-table:type_element-table:deletion"></span>&lt;table:deletion&gt;
</h3>
<p>The <em>table:type</em> attribute specifies the type of a deletion.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>column: column deleted.</li>
<li>row: row deleted.</li>
<li>table: table deleted.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:deletion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-493">9.9.9</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:type</em> attribute are row, column or
table.</p>
<h3 id="tableinsertion-1"><span id="anchor-3972"></span><span
id="attribute-table:type_element-table:insertion"></span>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:type</em> attribute specifies the type of an insertion.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>column: column inserted.</li>
<li>row: row inserted.</li>
<li>table: table inserted.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:insertion&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-494">9.9.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:type</em> attribute are row, column or
table.</p>
<h2 id="tableuse-banding-columns-styles"><span
id="anchor-3973"></span><span
id="anchor-877"></span>table:use-banding-columns-styles</h2>
<p>The <em>table:use-banding-columns-styles</em> attribute specifies if
the styles referenced by the <em>&lt;table:even-columns&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2066">16.21.9</a> and <em>&lt;table:odd-columns&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2067">16.21.10</a> elements of a table template
referenced by the <em>table:template-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-876">19.737</a> attribute are used for cells that are
contained in even and odd columns.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:use-banding-columns-styles</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cells are not styled based on even or odd column
location.</li>
<li>true: cells are styled based on even or odd column location.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-banding-columns-styles</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-banding-columns-styles</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableuse-banding-rows-styles"><span
id="anchor-3974"></span><span
id="anchor-878"></span>table:use-banding-rows-styles</h2>
<p>The <em>table:use-banding-rows-styles</em> attribute specifies if the
styles referenced by the <em>&lt;table:even-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2064">16.21.7</a> and <em>&lt;table:odd-rows&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2065">16.21.8</a> elements of a table template referenced
by the <em>table:template-name</em> <a href="#anchor-876">19.737</a>
attribute are used for cells that are contained in even and odd
rows.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:use-banding-rows-styles</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cells not styled based on even or odd row location.</li>
<li>true: cells styled based on even or odd row location.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-banding-rows-styles</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-banding-rows-styles</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableuse-first-column-styles"><span
id="anchor-3975"></span><span
id="anchor-879"></span>table:use-first-column-styles</h2>
<p>The <em>table:use-first-column-styles</em> attribute specifies if the
styles referenced by the <em>&lt;table:first-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2060">16.21.4</a> element of the table template referenced
by the <em>table:template-name</em> <a href="#anchor-876">19.737</a>
attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table's first
column. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:use-first-column-styles</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cells not styled based on first column location.</li>
<li>true: cells styled based on first column location.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-first-column-styles</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-first-column-styles</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableuse-first-row-styles"><span id="anchor-3976"></span><span
id="anchor-880"></span>table:use-first-row-styles</h2>
<p>The <em>table:use-first-row-styles</em> attribute specifies if the
styles referenced by the <em>&lt;table:first-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2062">16.21.2</a> element of the table template referenced
by the <em>table:template-name <a href="#anchor-876">19.737</a></em>
attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table's first
row.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:use-first-row-styles</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cells not styled based on first row location.</li>
<li>true: cells styled based on first row location.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-first-row-styles</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-first-row-styles</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableuse-last-column-styles"><span id="anchor-3977"></span><span
id="anchor-881"></span>table:use-last-column-styles</h2>
<p>The <em>table:use-last-column-styles</em> attribute specifies if the
styles referenced by the <em>&lt;table:last-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2061">16.21.5</a> element of the table template referenced
by the <em>table:template-name</em> <a href="#anchor-876">19.737</a>
attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table's last
column. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:use-last-column-styles</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cells not styled based on last column location.</li>
<li>true: cells styled based on last column location.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-last-column-styles</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-last-column-styles</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableuse-last-row-styles"><span id="anchor-3978"></span><span
id="anchor-882"></span>table:use-last-row-styles</h2>
<p>The <em>table:use-last-row-styles</em> attribute specifies if the
styles referenced by the <em>&lt;table:last-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2063">16.21.3</a> element of the table template referenced
by the <em>table:template-name</em> <a href="#anchor-876">19.737</a>
attribute are used for cells that are contained in the table's last row.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:use-last-row-styles</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: cells not styled based on last row location.</li>
<li>true: cells styled based on last row location.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-last-row-styles</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-last-row-styles</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableuse-labels"><span id="anchor-3979"></span><span
id="anchor-1140"></span>table:use-labels</h2>
<p>The <em>table:use-labels</em> attribute specifies whether labels
should be used by the consolidation for rows, columns or both. If labels
are used for rows or columns, mathematical functions are applied to
cells with equally-labeled rows or columns rather than to cells with the
same relative cell address.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:type</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>both: column and row labels used for consolidation.</li>
<li>column: column labels used for consolidation.</li>
<li>none: labels not used for consolidation.</li>
<li>row: row labels used for consolidation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is none.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-labels</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:consolidation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-109">9.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:use-labels</em> attribute are none, row,
column or both.</p>
<h2 id="tableuse-regular-expressions"><span
id="anchor-3980"></span><span
id="anchor-966"></span>table:use-regular-expressions</h2>
<p>The <em>table:use-regular-expressions</em> attribute specifies
whether regular expressions are enabled for character-string comparisons
and when searching.</p>
<p>Regular expressions are implementation-dependent expressions that, at
a minimum, conform to the requirements of Conformance Clause C1 of <span
class="citation" data-cites="UTR18">[UTR18]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-wildcard <a href="#anchor-967">19.749</a></em>
attribute and the <em>table:use-regular-expressions</em> attribute are
mutually exclusive. The attribute values cannot be true for both
attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:use-regular-expressions</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: regular expressions not enabled for string comparisons and
searches.</li>
<li>true: regular expressions enabled for string comparisons and
searches.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-regular-expressions</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-regular-expressions</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableuse-wildcards"><span id="anchor-3981"></span><span
id="anchor-967"></span>table:use-wildcards</h2>
<p>The <em>table:use-wildcards</em> attribute specifies whether
wildcards are enabled for character-string comparisons and when
searching.</p>
<p>If enabled, in a query or search string of a function, the “?”
(U+003F, QUESTION MARK), “*" (U+002A, ASTERISK), and “~" (U+007E, TILDE)
are defined as:</p>
<ul>
<li>"?" (U+003F, QUESTION MARK): matches any single character;</li>
<li>"*" (U+002A, ASTERISK): matches any sequence of characters,
including an empty string;</li>
<li>"~" (U+007E, TILDE): escapes the special meaning of a QUESTION MARK,
ASTERISK or TILDE character that follows immediately after the TILDE
character.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:use-regular-expressions</em> <a
href="#anchor-966">19.748</a> attribute and the
<em>table:use-wildcards</em> attribute are mutually exclusive. The
attribute values cannot be true for both attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:use-wildcards</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: wildcards are not enabled for character-string comparisons
and searching.</li>
<li>true: wildcards are enabled for character-string comparisons and
searching.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-wildcards</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:calculation-settings&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-108">9.4.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:use-wildcards</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableused-hierarchy"><span id="anchor-3982"></span><span
id="anchor-1092"></span>table:used-hierarchy</h2>
<p>The <em>table:used-hierarchy</em> attribute specifies a unique number
assigned by an external component to select the hierarchy that should be
applied to a source field. </p>
<p>If the data pilot source is provided by an external component or
service, the data contained within category columns may be grouped by
its value and it may be further divided into sub-groups or hierarchies.
If an external component supports hierarchies, it shall assign unique
numbers to those hierarchies. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is -1. The default value of -1
means no hierarchy should be applied to a source field.</p>
<p>The <em>table:used-hierarchy</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:used-hierarchy</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tableuser-name"><span id="anchor-3983"></span><span
id="anchor-1087"></span>table:user-name</h2>
<p>The <em>table:user-name</em> attribute specifies the user name needed
to access a source. It is passed to a service implementation. Its value
is implementation-dependent and service-specific.</p>
<p>The <em>table:user-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:source-service&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1080">9.6.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:user-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablevalue"><span id="anchor-3984"></span><span
id="anchor-1065"></span>table:value</h2>
<h3 id="tablefilter-condition-2"><span id="anchor-3985"></span><span
id="attribute-table:value_element-table:filter-condition"></span>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:value</em> attribute specifies a value for the filter
condition.</p>
<p>The <em>table:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:filter-condition&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1059">9.5.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:value</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a> or a value of type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablefilter-set-item-1"><span id="anchor-3986"></span><span
id="attribute-table:value_element-table:filter-set-item"></span>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>table:value</em> attribute specifies a single value within a
set of filter values.</p>
<p>The <em>table:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:filter-set-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1066">9.5.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:value</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablevalue-type"><span id="anchor-3987"></span><span
id="anchor-972"></span>table:value-type</h2>
<p>The <em>table:value-type</em> attribute specifies the value type of a
null date. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is date.</p>
<p>The <em>table:value-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:null-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-969">9.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The only value of the <em>table:value-type</em> attribute is
date.</p>
<h2 id="tablevisibility"><span id="anchor-3988"></span><span
id="anchor-896"></span>table:visibility</h2>
<p>The <em>table:visibility</em> attribute specifies whether a row or
column is visible.,</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:visibility</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>collapse: a row or column is not visible.</li>
<li>filter: a row or column is not visible as the result of applying a
filter.</li>
<li>visible: a row or column is visible.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is visible.</p>
<p>The <em>table:visibility</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a> and <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:visibility</em> attribute are visible,
collapse or filter.</p>
<h2 id="textactive"><span id="anchor-3989"></span><span
id="anchor-682"></span>text:active</h2>
<p>The <em>text:active</em> attribute specifies the setting of the page
variable.</p>
<p>The value of an active page variable is increased on each page.</p>
<p>An inactive page variable is not incremented between pages. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:active</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: page variable is inactive.</li>
<li>true: page variable is active.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:active</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-378">7.7.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:active</em> attribute has the data type <em>boolean</em>
<a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textaddress"><span id="anchor-3990"></span><span
id="anchor-727"></span>text:address</h2>
<p>The <em>text:address</em> attribute specifies the address for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:address</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:address</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textalphabetical-separators"><span id="anchor-3991"></span><span
id="anchor-828"></span>text:alphabetical-separators</h2>
<p>The <em>text:alphabetical-separators</em> attribute specifies whether
entries beginning with the same letter are grouped and separated from
the entries beginning with the next letter.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:alphabetical-separators</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: entries beginning with the same letter are not grouped
together and separated from entries beginning with the next letter.</li>
<li>true: entries beginning with the same letter are grouped together
and separated from entries beginning with the next letter.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:alphabetical-separators</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:alphabetical-separators</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textanchor-page-number"><span id="anchor-3992"></span><span
id="anchor-1253"></span>text:anchor-page-number</h2>
<p>The <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute specifies the physical
page number of an anchor if the drawing object is bound to a page within
a text document.</p>
<p>The <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>, <em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>, <em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>, <em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>, <em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>, <em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>, <em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a> and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textanchor-type"><span id="anchor-3993"></span><span
id="anchor-1254"></span>text:anchor-type</h2>
<p>The <em>text:anchor-type</em> attribute specifies how a drawing shape
is bound to a text document. The anchor position is the point at which a
drawing shape is bound to a text document. The defined values for the
<em>text:anchor-type</em> attribute are shown in Table .</p>
<p>The same attribute is available as graphic property <a
href="#anchor-2718">20.418</a>.</p>
<p>If the attribute is given both as element attribute and as graphic
property <a href="#anchor-2718">20.418</a>, then the element attribute
has precedence over the graphic property.</p>
<p>If neither an element attribute nor a graphic property is given or
can be found by inheritance, then the attribute
<em>text:anchor-type</em> defaults to value "paragraph".</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 17 - Text anchor positions</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>If the value of the <em>text:anchor-type</em> attribute is ...</th>
<th>The anchor position is...</th>
<th>The drawing shape element shall be located in file text ...</th>
<th>Notes</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>as-char</td>
<td>There is no anchor position. The drawing shape behaves like a
character.</td>
<td>At the position where the character appears in the document.</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>char</td>
<td>The character after the drawing shape element.</td>
<td>Just before the character.</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frame</td>
<td>The parent text box that the current drawing shape element is
contained in.</td>
<td><p>In the element representing the text box to which the drawing
object is bound.</p>
<p>If an image is bound to a text box, the image element is located in
the text box element.</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>page</td>
<td>The page that has the same physical page number as the value of the
<em>text:anchor-page-number</em> <a href="#anchor-1253">19.758</a>
attribute that is attached to the drawing shape element. If no
<em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute is given, the anchor position
is the page at which the character behind the drawing object element
appears.</td>
<td><p>Either</p>
<ul>
<li>At the start of the document body, outside any paragraph or frame,
provided a <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute is given.</li>
</ul>
<p>Or</p>
<ul>
<li>Inside any paragraph element that is not contained in a header,
footer, footnote, or text box, if a <em>text:anchor-page-number</em>
attribute is not given.</li>
</ul></td>
<td>The physical page number is the number assigned to the page if all
pages in the document are counted starting with page 1.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>paragraph</td>
<td>The paragraph that the current drawing shape element is contained
in.</td>
<td>At the start of the paragraph element.</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <em>text:anchor-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>
and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:anchor-type</em> attribute are page,
frame, paragraph, char or as-char.</p>
<h2 id="textannote"><span id="anchor-3994"></span><span
id="anchor-728"></span>text:annote</h2>
<p>The <em>text:annote</em> attribute specifies the annotation for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:annote</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:annote</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textauthor"><span id="anchor-3995"></span><span
id="anchor-729"></span>text:author</h2>
<p>The <em>text:author</em> attribute specifies the author or authors
for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:author</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:author</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textbibliography-data-field"><span id="anchor-3996"></span><span
id="anchor-858"></span>text:bibliography-data-field</h2>
<p>The <em>text:bibliography-data-field</em> attribute specifies which
part of a bibliography data field will be displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:bibliography-data-field</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>address: <a href="#anchor-727">19.756</a>.</li>
<li>annote: <a href="#anchor-728">19.760</a>.</li>
<li>author: <a href="#anchor-729">19.761</a>.</li>
<li>bibliography-type: <a href="#anchor-730">19.763</a>.</li>
<li>booktitle: <a href="#anchor-731">19.764</a>.</li>
<li>chapter: <a href="#anchor-732">19.772</a>.</li>
<li>custom1: <a href="#anchor-733">19.792</a>.</li>
<li>custom2: <a href="#anchor-734">19.793</a>.</li>
<li>custom3: <a href="#anchor-735">19.794</a>.</li>
<li>custom4: <a href="#anchor-736">19.795</a>.</li>
<li>custom5: <a href="#anchor-737">19.796</a>.</li>
<li>edition: <a href="#anchor-738">19.806</a>.</li>
<li>editor: <a href="#anchor-739">19.807</a>.</li>
<li>howpublished: <a href="#anchor-740">19.813</a>.</li>
<li>identifier: <a href="#anchor-741">19.816</a>.</li>
<li>institution: <a href="#anchor-742">19.820</a>.</li>
<li>isbn: <a href="#anchor-743">19.823</a>.</li>
<li>issn: <a href="#anchor-744">19.824</a>.</li>
<li>journal: <a href="#anchor-745">19.825</a>.</li>
<li>month: <a href="#anchor-746">19.840</a>.</li>
<li>note: <a href="#anchor-747">19.842</a>.</li>
<li>number: <a href="#anchor-748">19.844</a>.</li>
<li>organizations: <a href="#anchor-749">19.849</a>.</li>
<li>pages: <a href="#anchor-750">19.852</a>.</li>
<li>publisher: <a href="#anchor-751">19.858</a>.</li>
<li>report-type: <a href="#anchor-752">19.862</a>.</li>
<li>school: <a href="#anchor-753">19.866</a>.</li>
<li>series: <a href="#anchor-754">19.868</a>.</li>
<li>title: <a href="#anchor-755">19.888</a>.</li>
<li>url: <a href="#anchor-756">19.890</a>.</li>
<li>volume: <a href="#anchor-757">19.908</a>.</li>
<li>year: <a href="#anchor-758">19.909</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:bibliography-data-field</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-847">8.13.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:bibliography-data-field</em> attribute are
address, annote, author, bibliography-type, booktitle, chapter, custom1,
custom2, custom3, custom4, custom5, edition, editor, howpublished,
identifier, institution, isbn, issn, journal, month, note, number,
organizations, pages, publisher, report-type, school, series, title,
url, volume or year.</p>
<h2 id="textbibliography-type"><span id="anchor-3997"></span><span
id="anchor-730"></span>text:bibliography-type</h2>
<p>The <em>text:bibliography-type</em> attribute specifies to which type
of bibliographical entry a template applies.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:bibliography-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>article: an article in a journal or magazine.</li>
<li>book: a book with a named publisher.</li>
<li>booklet: a work that is printed and bound, but without a named
publisher or sponsoring institution.</li>
<li>conference: an article in conference proceedings.</li>
<li>custom1: the first of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic
entry.</li>
<li>custom2: the second of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic
entry.</li>
<li>custom3: the third of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic
entry.</li>
<li>custom4: the fourth of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic
entry.</li>
<li>custom5: the fifth of five user-defined fields for a bibliographic
entry.</li>
<li>email: an email address.</li>
<li>inbook: a part of a book that can be identified.</li>
<li>incollection: a part of a book that has its own title.</li>
<li>inproceedings: a paper in conference proceedings.</li>
<li>journal: a journal name.</li>
<li>manual: technical documentation.</li>
<li>mastersthesis: a masters thesis.</li>
<li>misc: a type classification when more specific values are not
appropriate.</li>
<li>phdthesis: a PhD thesis.</li>
<li>proceedings: the proceedings of a conference.</li>
<li>techreport: a report published by a school or other institution.
</li>
<li>unpublished: a document with an author and title but not formally
published.</li>
<li>www: the IRI for a document.</li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The definitions for article, book, booklet, inbook,
incollection, inproceedings, journal, manual, mastersthesis, misc,
phdthesis, proceedings, techreport, and unpublished are based on <span
class="citation" data-cites="BibTeXing">[BibTeXing]</span>. </p>
<p>The <em>text:bibliography-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-845">8.9.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:bibliography-type</em> attribute are
article, book, booklet, conference, custom1, custom2, custom3, custom4,
custom5, email, inbook, incollection, inproceedings, journal, manual,
mastersthesis, misc, phdthesis, proceedings, techreport, unpublished or
www.</p>
<h2 id="textbooktitle"><span id="anchor-3998"></span><span
id="anchor-731"></span>text:booktitle</h2>
<p>The <em>text:booktitle</em> attribute specifies the book title for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:booktitle</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:booktitle</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textbullet-char"><span id="anchor-3999"></span><span
id="anchor-2345"></span>text:bullet-char</h2>
<p>The <em>text:bullet-char</em> attribute specifies the <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character to use
as the bullet in a bulleted list style.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:bullet-char</em> attribute are
shown in Table :</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 18 - Typical bullet characters</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>UNICODE Character Code</th>
<th>Typical Shape</th>
<th>UNICODE Character Name</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>U+2022</td>
<td>•</td>
<td>BULLET</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U+25CF</td>
<td>●</td>
<td>BLACK CIRCLE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U+2714</td>
<td>✔</td>
<td>HEAVY CHECK MARK</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U+2717</td>
<td>✗</td>
<td>BALLOT X</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U+2794</td>
<td>➔</td>
<td>HEAVY WIDE-HEADED RIGHTWARDS ARROW</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U+27A2</td>
<td>➢</td>
<td>THREE-D TOP-LIGHTED RIGHTWARDS ARROWHEAD</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: These characters need not be available in all fonts.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>text:bullet-char</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2218">16.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:bullet-char</em> attribute has the data type
<em>character</em> <a href="#datatype-character">18.3.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textbullet-relative-size"><span id="anchor-4000"></span><span
id="anchor-2346"></span>text:bullet-relative-size</h2>
<p>The <em>text:bullet-relative-size</em> attribute specifies a
percentage value for the bullet size relative to the font size of the
paragraphs in the bullet list.</p>
<p>The <em>text:bullet-relative-size</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2218">16.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:bullet-relative-size</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcapitalize-entries"><span id="anchor-4001"></span><span
id="anchor-829"></span>text:capitalize-entries</h2>
<p>The <em>text:capitalize-entries</em> attribute specifies whether the
entries in an index are capitalized.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:capitalize-entries</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the case of entries in an index should not change. </li>
<li>true: the entries in an index should be capitalized. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:capitalize-entries</em> attribute controls
capitalization of index entries during the generation of indexes. Index
entries may be entered in either upper or lower case, without regard to
the <em>text:capitalize-entries</em> attribute. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:capitalize-entries</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:capitalize-entries</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textc"><span id="anchor-4002"></span><span
id="anchor-519"></span>text:c</h2>
<p>The <em>text:c</em> attribute specifies the number of “ “ (U+0020,
SPACE) characters that a <em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> element represents. A
missing <em>text:c</em> attribute is interpreted as a single “ “
(U+0020, SPACE) character. </p>
<p>The <em>text:c</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:s&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-389">6.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:c</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcaption-sequence-format"><span id="anchor-4003"></span><span
id="anchor-787"></span>text:caption-sequence-format</h2>
<p>The <em>text:caption-sequence-format</em> attribute specifies the
format of entries for an index of illustrations or tables. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:caption-sequence-format</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>caption: text of the caption in which the referenced sequence field
is included (without sequence number and value).</li>
<li>category-and-value: displays the name and value of the referenced
sequence field. </li>
<li>text: displays the value of the referenced sequence field. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:caption-sequence-format</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-794">8.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:caption-sequence-format</em> attribute are
text, category-and-value or caption.</p>
<h2 id="textcaption-sequence-name"><span id="anchor-4004"></span><span
id="anchor-788"></span>text:caption-sequence-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:caption-sequence-name</em> attribute specifies the
sequence by which captions are identified.</p>
<p>If the <em>text:use-caption</em> attribute is set to true, this
attribute shall be present.</p>
<p> Captions are regular paragraphs. For index generation, a paragraph
is considered to be a caption if it contains the sequence variable with
the name specified by the <em>text:caption-sequence-name</em>
attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>text:caption-sequence-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-794">8.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:caption-sequence-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textchange-id"><span id="anchor-4005"></span><span
id="anchor-499"></span>text:change-id</h2>
<p>The <em>text:change-id</em> attribute specifies the id that links
<em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em>,
and <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> elements to the
<em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> element that contains
change-tracking information. </p>
<p>The <em>text:change-id</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:change&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-120">5.5.8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:change-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-121">5.5.8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:change-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-122">5.5.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:change-id</em> attribute has the data type
<em>IDREF</em> <a href="#datatype-IDREF">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textchapter-1"><span id="anchor-4006"></span><span
id="anchor-732"></span>text:chapter</h2>
<p>The <em>text:chapter</em> attribute specifies the chapter reference
for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:chapter</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:chapter</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcitation-body-style-name"><span
id="anchor-4007"></span><span
id="anchor-2324"></span>text:citation-body-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:citation-body-style-name</em> attribute specifies the
text style to use for a note citation in the text flow.</p>
<p>The <em>text:citation-body-style-name</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:citation-body-style-name</em> attribute has the data
type <em>styleNameRef</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcitation-style-name"><span id="anchor-4008"></span><span
id="anchor-2325"></span>text:citation-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:citation-style-name</em> attribute specifies the text
style to use for a note citation within the footnote.</p>
<p>The <em>text:citation-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:citation-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textclass-names"><span id="anchor-4009"></span><span
id="anchor-316"></span>text:class-names</h2>
<h3 id="general-97"><span id="anchor-4010"></span>General</h3>
<p>A <em>text:class-names</em> attribute specifies a
white-space-separated list of style names. The referenced styles are
applied in the order they are contained in the list. </p>
<p>If both <em>text:style-name</em> and <em>text:class-names</em> are
present, the style referenced by the <em>text:style-name</em> attribute
is applied before the styles referenced by <em>text:class-names</em>
attribute. If a conditional style is specified together with a
<em>text:class-names</em> attribute, but without a
<em>text:style-name</em> attribute, the <em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-323">19.880</a> attribute is assumed to have the value of
the first style name in the list defined by the <em>text:class-name</em>
attribute. </p>
<h3 id="texth-1"><span id="anchor-4011"></span><span
id="attribute-text:class-names_element-text:h"></span>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<p>A <em>text:class-names</em> attribute specifies a
white-space-separated list of paragraph style names.</p>
<p>The <em>text:class-names</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:class-names</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRefs</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRefs">18.3.33</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textp-1"><span id="anchor-4012"></span><span
id="attribute-text:class-names_element-text:p"></span>&lt;text:p&gt;</h3>
<p>A <em>text:class-names</em> attribute specifies a
white-space-separated list of paragraph style names.</p>
<p>The <em>text:class-names</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:class-names</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRefs</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRefs">18.3.33</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textspan-1"><span id="anchor-4013"></span><span
id="attribute-text:class-names_element-text:span"></span>&lt;text:span&gt;</h3>
<p>A <em>text:class-names</em> attribute specifies a
white-space-separated list of text style names.</p>
<p>The <em>text:class-names</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:class-names</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRefs</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRefs">18.3.33</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcolumn-name"><span id="anchor-4014"></span><span
id="anchor-669"></span>text:column-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:column-name</em> attribute specifies the name of the
column from which data is displayed. The value of this attribute shall
be a column name contained in the current selection as specified by the
data source.</p>
<p>The <em>text:column-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:column-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcombine-entries"><span id="anchor-4015"></span><span
id="anchor-830"></span>text:combine-entries</h2>
<p>The <em>text:combine-entries</em> attribute specifies whether
multiple entries for a single word should be combined into a single
entry.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:combine-entries</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: multiple entries for a single word should not be combined
into a single entry. </li>
<li>true: multiple entries for a single word should be combined into a
single entry. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:combine-entries</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:combine-entries</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcombine-entries-with-dash"><span
id="anchor-4016"></span><span
id="anchor-831"></span>text:combine-entries-with-dash</h2>
<p>The <em>text:combine-entries-with-dash</em> attributes specifies that
multiple entries for a single word that should be displayed as a single
entry, as per a <em>text:combine-entries</em> attribute, should be
displayed as a range of numbers separated by a dash.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:combine-entries-with-dash</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: multiple entries for a single word should not be displayed as
a range of numbers separated by a dash. </li>
<li>true: multiple entries for a single word should be displayed as a
range of numbers separated by a dash. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:combine-entries-with-dash</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:combine-entries-with-dash</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcombine-entries-with-pp"><span id="anchor-4017"></span><span
id="anchor-832"></span>text:combine-entries-with-pp</h2>
<p>The <em>text:combine-entries-with-pp</em> attributes specifies that
multiple entries for a single word that should be displayed as a single
entry, as per a <em>text:combine-entries</em> attribute, should be
displayed as the start page number, followed by a "ff", or the
appropriate label for the chosen language.</p>
<ul>
<li>false: multiple entries for a single word should not be displayed as
the start page number, followed by "ff", or the appropriate label for
the chosen language. </li>
<li>true: multiple entries for a single word should be displayed as the
start page number, followed by "ff", or the appropriate label for the
chosen language. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:combine-entries-with-pp</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:combine-entries-with-pp</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcomma-separated"><span id="anchor-4018"></span><span
id="anchor-833"></span>text:comma-separated</h2>
<p>The <em>text:comma-separated</em> attribute specifies how to treat
multiple index entries. Instead of listing each index entry on a
separate line, multiple entries can be listed on a single line separated
by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). If the value of this attribute is
<code>true</code>, multiple entries are listed on a single line
separated by a comma. By default, the value of this attribute is false
and each index entry is displayed on a separate line.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:comma-separated</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: each index entry for a word is displayed on a separate line.
</li>
<li>true: each index entry for a word is listed on a single line
separated by a comma “,” (U+002C, COMMA). </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:comma-separated</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:comma-separated</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcond-style-name"><span id="anchor-4019"></span><span
id="anchor-317"></span>text:cond-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:cond-style-name</em> attribute specifies a
conditional-style, that is, a style that contains conditions and maps to
other styles. <a href="#anchor-2033">16.3</a> The style referenced shall
be a paragraph style. </p>
<p>If a conditional style is applied to a paragraph, the
<em>text:style-name</em> attribute should contain the name of the style
that was the result of the conditional style evaluation, while the
conditional style name itself is the value of the
<em>text:cond-style-name</em> attribute. The referenced style can be a
common style or an automatic style. </p>
<p>The <em>text:cond-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:cond-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcondition"><span id="anchor-4020"></span><span
id="anchor-468"></span>text:condition</h2>
<h3 id="general-98"><span id="anchor-4021"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute specifies a condition.
Conditions do not have a predefined syntax, but the attribute value
should begin with a namespace prefix, followed by a ":" (U+003A, COLON)
separator, followed by the text of a formula. The namespace bound to the
prefix determines the syntax and semantics of the formula. </p>
<h3 id="textconditional-text-1"><span id="anchor-4022"></span><span
id="attribute-text:condition_element-text:conditional-text"></span>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute specifies the condition that
determines which of the two text strings of an
<em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em> text field is displayed.</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdatabase-next-1"><span id="anchor-4023"></span><span
id="attribute-text:condition_element-text:database-next"></span>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute specifies a condition
expression. The expression is evaluated and if the result interpreted as
a Boolean value is true, the next row is used as the new current row.
</p>
<p>If the <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> element has no
<em>text:condition</em> attribute, the next available row is selected.
</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdatabase-row-select-1"><span id="anchor-4024"></span><span
id="attribute-text:condition_element-text:database-row-select"></span>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute specifies a condition for
selecting a row. If the attribute is present, a new row will be selected
only if the condition evaluates to a value interpreted as true.</p>
<p>If a <em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> element has no
<em>text:condition</em> attribute, the next row is selected.</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texthidden-paragraph-1"><span id="anchor-4025"></span><span
id="attribute-text:condition_element-text:hidden-paragraph"></span>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute specifies a Boolean expression.
If the expression evaluates to true, the paragraph is hidden. If the
expression evaluates to false, the paragraph is displayed. </p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-360">7.7.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texthidden-text-1"><span id="anchor-4026"></span><span
id="attribute-text:condition_element-text:hidden-text"></span>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute specifies a Boolean expression.
If the expression evaluates to true, the text is hidden. If the
expression evaluates to false, the text is displayed. </p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-361">7.7.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsection-1"><span id="anchor-4027"></span><span
id="attribute-text:condition_element-text:section"></span>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute specifies the condition under
which a section is hidden. The condition is encoded as a string. If the
value of <em>text:display</em> <a href="#anchor-469">19.802</a> is
<code>condition</code>, the <em>text:condition</em> attribute shall be
present.</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textconnection-name"><span id="anchor-4028"></span><span
id="anchor-702"></span>text:connection-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:connection-name</em> attribute specifies the name of the
DDE connection to which a field refers.</p>
<p>The <em>text:connection-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:dde-connection&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-352">7.7.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:connection-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textconsecutive-numbering"><span id="anchor-4029"></span><span
id="anchor-2343"></span>text:consecutive-numbering</h2>
<p>The <em>text:consecutive-numbering</em> attribute specifies whether
the style uses consecutive numbering for all list levels or whether each
list level restarts the numbering.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:consecutive-numbering</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: each list level restarts numbering. </li>
<li>true: consecutive numbering is used for all list levels. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:consecutive-numbering</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:list-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-205">16.32</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:consecutive-numbering</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcontinue-list"><span id="anchor-4030"></span><span
id="anchor-453"></span>text:continue-list</h2>
<p>The <em>text:continue-list</em> attribute specifies the
<em>xml:id</em> <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a> value of a list that is
to be continued.</p>
<p>The <em>text:continue-list</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:continue-list</em> attribute has the data type
<em>IDREF</em> <a href="#datatype-IDREF">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcontinue-numbering"><span id="anchor-4031"></span><span
id="anchor-454"></span>text:continue-numbering</h2>
<p>The <em>text:continue-numbering</em> attribute specifies, if the
numbering of the preceding list is continued or not. This attribute is
ignored, if attribute <em>text:continue-list</em> <a
href="#anchor-453">19.785</a> is present. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:continue-numbering</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>true: if <em>text:continue-list</em> attribute is not present and
the numbering style of the preceding list is the same as the current
list, the number of the first list item in the current list is the
number of the last item in the preceding list incremented by one. </li>
<li>false: if the <em>text:continue-list</em> attribute is not present,
the numbering of the preceding list is not continued.</li>
</ul>
<p>The use of the <em>text:continue-numbering</em> attribute with the
<em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> element has been
deprecated.</p>
<p>The <em>text:continue-numbering</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a> and
<em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:continue-numbering</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcopy-outline-levels"><span id="anchor-4032"></span><span
id="anchor-813"></span>text:copy-outline-levels</h2>
<p>The <em>text:copy-outline-levels</em> attribute specifies whether
index entries are indented according to the outline level of their
source. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:copy-outline-levels</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: no indentation is added.</li>
<li>true: index entries are indented according to the outline level of
their source. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:copy-outline-levels</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:copy-outline-levels</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcount-empty-lines"><span id="anchor-4033"></span><span
id="anchor-2312"></span>text:count-empty-lines</h2>
<p>The <em>text:count-empty-lines</em> attribute specifies whether empty
lines are included in the line count. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:count-empty-lines</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: empty lines are not included in a line count.</li>
<li>true: empty lines are included in a line count.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:count-empty-lines</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:count-empty-lines</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcount-in-text-boxes"><span id="anchor-4034"></span><span
id="anchor-2313"></span>text:count-in-text-boxes</h2>
<p>The <em>text:count-in-text-boxes</em> attribute specifies whether
text in text boxes is included in the line count. If the value of this
attribute is true, text within text boxes is included in the line
count.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:count-in-text-boxes</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text within text boxes is not included in a line count.</li>
<li>true: text within text boxes is included in a line count.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:count-in-text-boxes</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:count-in-text-boxes</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcurrent-selected"><span id="anchor-4035"></span><span
id="anchor-631"></span>text:current-selected</h2>
<p>The <em>text:current-selected</em> attribute specifies whether a
<em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-629">7.4.17</a> element is
currently selected.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:current-selected</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the <em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> element is not currently
selected.</li>
<li>true: the <em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> element is currently
selected.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:current-selected</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-629">7.4.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:current-selected</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcurrent-value"><span id="anchor-4036"></span><span
id="anchor-689"></span>text:current-value</h2>
<p>The <em>text:current-value</em> attribute specifies the evaluation
result of a condition given by the expression in a
<em>text:condition</em> <a href="#anchor-468">19.782</a> attribute. The
value of this attribute is updated whenever the expression is
evaluated.</p>
<p>The <em>text:current-value</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:current-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcustom1"><span id="anchor-4037"></span><span
id="anchor-733"></span>text:custom1</h2>
<p>The <em>text:custom1</em> attribute specifies the first of up to five
user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:custom1</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:custom1</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcustom2"><span id="anchor-4038"></span><span
id="anchor-734"></span>text:custom2</h2>
<p>The <em>text:custom2</em> attribute specifies the second of up to
five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:custom2</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:custom2</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcustom3"><span id="anchor-4039"></span><span
id="anchor-735"></span>text:custom3</h2>
<p>The <em>text:custom3</em> attribute specifies the third of up to five
user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:custom3</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:custom3</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcustom4"><span id="anchor-4040"></span><span
id="anchor-736"></span>text:custom4</h2>
<p>The <em>text:custom4</em> attribute specifies the fourth of up to
five user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:custom4</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:custom4</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcustom5"><span id="anchor-4041"></span><span
id="anchor-737"></span>text:custom5</h2>
<p>The <em>text:custom5</em> attribute specifies the fifth of up to five
user-defined fields for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:custom5</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:custom5</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textdatabase-name-1"><span id="anchor-4042"></span><span
id="anchor-670"></span>text:database-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:database-name</em> attribute specifies a source database
by its name.</p>
<p>The <em>text:database-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a> and
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:database-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textdate-adjust"><span id="anchor-4043"></span><span
id="anchor-563"></span>text:date-adjust</h2>
<p>The <em>text:date-adjust</em> attribute specifies an adjustment to
the value of a date field. If the time period is negative, it is
subtracted from the value of the date field.</p>
<p>The <em>text:date-adjust</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:date-adjust</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textdate-value"><span id="anchor-4044"></span><span
id="anchor-564"></span>text:date-value</h2>
<p>The <em>text:date-value</em> attribute specifies a date value. If no
value is specified, whether the field is marked as fixed or not, the
current date is assumed.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This attribute can also be used to specify a future date. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>text:date-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-343">7.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-368">7.5.16</a> and <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-381">7.5.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:date-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>dateOrDateTime</em> <a
href="#datatype-dateOrDateTime">18.3.14</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textdefault-style-name"><span id="anchor-4045"></span><span
id="anchor-2326"></span>text:default-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:default-style-name</em> attribute specifies a default
footnote paragraph style for new footnotes that are inserted into a
document. It is not evaluated for footnotes that already exist.</p>
<p>The <em>text:default-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:default-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textdescription-1"><span id="anchor-4046"></span><span
id="anchor-615"></span>text:description</h2>
<p>The <em>text:description</em> attribute specifies a message that is
displayed when users are prompted for input. </p>
<p>The <em>text:description</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-380">7.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:text-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-415">7.4.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-423">7.4.10</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:description</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textdisplay"><span id="anchor-4047"></span><span
id="anchor-469"></span>text:display</h2>
<h3 id="general-99"><span id="anchor-4048"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies options for the display
of text. </p>
<h3 id="textchapter-2"><span id="anchor-4049"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:chapter"></span>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies the information that a
chapter field should display. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>name: name of a chapter.</li>
<li>number: number of a chapter.</li>
<li>number-and-name: name and number of a chapter.</li>
<li>plain-number: number of a chapter without text defined by
<em>style:num-prefix</em> <a href="#anchor-2322">19.506</a> and
<em>style:num-suffix</em> <a href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a>, both of
which are attributes on the <em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em>
element that defines the format for a chapter number.<a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</li>
<li>plain-number-and-name: name of a chapter with the number of the same
chapter without text defined by <em>style:num-prefix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2322">19.506</a> and <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a>, both of which are attributes on the
<em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> element that defines the
format for a chapter number.<a href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-340">7.3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are name, number,
number-and-name, plain-number-and-name or plain-number.</p>
<h3 id="textexpression-2"><span id="anchor-4050"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:expression"></span>&lt;text:expression&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies what information to
display for an expression. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>formula</code>: displays the formula instead of the value of a
field.</li>
<li><code>value</code>: displays the value of a field.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are value or
formula.</p>
<h3 id="textfile-name-1"><span id="anchor-4051"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:file-name"></span>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies how much of the file
name and path to display. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>full: full file name, extension and file path.</li>
<li>path: file path only.</li>
<li>name: file name without extension.</li>
<li>name-and-extension: file name and extension. </li>
</ul>
<p>The filename may be an IRI, either because an IRI has been used to
retrieve the file, or the consumer internally uses IRIs and therefore
converts system-specific paths into an IRI. If this is the case, and if
the path, the name or the extension cannot be evaluated from the IRI,
then the IRI should be displayed unmodified.</p>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-359">7.3.9</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are full, path,
name or name-and-extension.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-chapter-1"><span id="anchor-4052"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:index-entry-chapter"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies what information to
display for a chapter field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>name: name of a chapter.</li>
<li>number: number of a chapter.</li>
<li>number-and-name: name and number of a chapter.</li>
<li>plain-number: number of a chapter without text defined by
<em>style:num-prefix</em> <a href="#anchor-2322">19.506</a> and
<em>style:num-suffix</em> <a href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a>, both of
which are attributes on the <em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em>
element that defines the format for a chapter number.<a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</li>
<li>plain-number-and-name: name of a chapter with the number of the same
chapter without text defined by <em>style:num-prefix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2322">19.506</a> and <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a>, both of which are attributes on the
<em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> element that defines the
format for a chapter number.<a href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-776">8.13.1</a> element the default value for this
attribute is number.</p>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-776">8.13.1</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are name, number,
number-and-name, plain-number or plain-number-and-name.</p>
<h3 id="textsection-2"><span id="anchor-4053"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:section"></span>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies whether the section is
hidden. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>condition: the section is hidden or displayed according to the
condition specified by the <em>text:condition</em> <a
href="#anchor-468">19.782</a> attribute.</li>
<li>none: the section is hidden unconditionally.</li>
<li>true: the section is displayed. This is the default setting.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are true, none or
condition.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-formula-1"><span id="anchor-4054"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:table-formula"></span>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies what information to
display for a table formula field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>formula: the formula used to calculate the value of the field.</li>
<li>value: the value of the field.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-413">7.7.14</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are value or
formula.</p>
<h3 id="texttemplate-name-1"><span id="anchor-4055"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:template-name"></span>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies what information to
display about a document template.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>area: The category of the template. Assignments of categories to
templates is implementation-dependent. </li>
<li>full: full file name, extension and file path.</li>
<li>name: file name only.</li>
<li>name-and-extension: file name and extension. </li>
<li>path: file path only.</li>
<li>title: The title.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:template-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-414">7.3.10</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are full, path,
name, name-and-extension, area or title.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-field-get-2"><span id="anchor-4056"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:user-field-get"></span>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies what information to
display for a user field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>formula</code>: displays the formula instead of the value of a
field.</li>
<li><code>none</code>: hides the content of a field.</li>
<li><code>value</code>: displays the value of a field.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-422">7.4.9</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are value, formula
or none.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-get-2"><span id="anchor-4057"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:variable-get"></span>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies what information to
display for a variable-get field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>formula</code>: displays the formula instead of the value of a
field.</li>
<li><code>value</code>: displays the value of a field.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-427">7.4.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are value or
formula.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-input-2"><span id="anchor-4058"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:variable-input"></span>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies what information to
display for a variable-input field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>none: hides the content of a field.</li>
<li><code>value</code>: displays the value of a field.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are value or
none.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-set-2"><span id="anchor-4059"></span><span
id="attribute-text:display_element-text:variable-set"></span>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies what information to
display for a variable-set field. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>none</code>: hides the content of a field.</li>
<li><code>value</code>: displays the value of a field.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:display</em> attribute are value or
none.</p>
<h2 id="textdisplay-levels"><span id="anchor-4060"></span><span
id="anchor-2349"></span>text:display-levels</h2>
<p>The <em>text:display-levels</em> attribute specifies the number of
levels whose numbers are displayed at the current level.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>text:display-levels</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a> and
<em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:display-levels</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textdisplay-outline-level"><span id="anchor-4061"></span><span
id="anchor-622"></span>text:display-outline-level</h2>
<p>The <em>text:display-outline-level</em> attribute specifies the
numbering of a sequence by chapter. This attribute specifies an outline
level that determines which chapters to reference for the
chapter-specific numbering. All chapters that are at or below the
specified outline level reset the value of the sequence to zero, the
default value. The chapter number of the last chapter at or below the
specified outline level is prefixed to the sequence number. Choosing an
outline level of zero results in a continuous numbering of all sequence
elements for that sequence variable.</p>
<p>The <em>text:display-outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-509">7.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:display-outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textduration"><span id="anchor-4062"></span><span
id="anchor-648"></span>text:duration</h2>
<p>The <em>text:duration</em> attribute contains the value of a
<em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> field element if its value is
fixed.</p>
<p>The <em>text:duration</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-356">7.5.14</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:duration</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textedition"><span id="anchor-4063"></span><span
id="anchor-738"></span>text:edition</h2>
<p>The <em>text:edition</em> attribute specifies the edition for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:edition</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:edition</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texteditor"><span id="anchor-4064"></span><span
id="anchor-739"></span>text:editor</h2>
<p>The <em>text:editor</em> attribute specifies the editor for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:editor</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:editor</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textfilter-name"><span id="anchor-4065"></span><span
id="anchor-477"></span>text:filter-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:filter-name</em> attribute specifies the filter type to
be used to import the link target. The value of this attribute is
implementation-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>text:filter-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-475">5.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:filter-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textfixed"><span id="anchor-4066"></span><span
id="anchor-565"></span>text:fixed</h2>
<p>The <em>text:fixed</em> attribute specifies whether the value of a
field element is fixed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:fixed</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: value of the field element where this attribute appears may
be changed. </li>
<li>true: value of the field element where this attribute appears is
preserved.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:fixed</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:author-initials&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-333">7.3.7.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:author-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-334">7.3.7.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-343">7.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-344">7.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-345">7.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;text:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-351">7.3.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:description&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-353">7.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-cycles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-355">7.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:editing-duration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-356">7.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:file-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-359">7.3.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:initial-creator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-363">7.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:keywords&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-364">7.5.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:modification-date&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-368">7.5.16</a>,
<em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-369">7.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-381">7.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-382">7.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:printed-by&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-383">7.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-city&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-391">7.3.6.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-company&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-392">7.3.6.10</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-country&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-393">7.3.6.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-email&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-394">7.3.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-fax&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-395">7.3.6.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-firstname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-396">7.3.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-initials&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-397">7.3.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-lastname&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-398">7.3.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-phone-private&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-399">7.3.6.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-phone-work&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-400">7.3.6.11</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-position&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-401">7.3.6.6</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-postal-code&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-402">7.3.6.14</a>,
<em>&lt;text:sender-state-or-province&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-403">7.3.6.16</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-street&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-404">7.3.6.12</a>, <em>&lt;text:sender-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-405">7.3.6.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:subject&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-410">7.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-417">7.5.10</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:fixed</em> attribute has the data type <em>boolean</em>
<a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textfootnotes-position"><span id="anchor-4067"></span><span
id="anchor-2327"></span>text:footnotes-position</h2>
<p>The <em>text:footnotes-position</em> attribute specifies a position
for a footnote. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:footnotes-position</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>document: end of the document.</li>
<li>page: bottom of the page where the footnote citation is
located.</li>
<li>section: end of the section.</li>
<li>text: at the page where the footnote citation is located,
immediately below the page's text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:footnotes-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:footnotes-position</em> attribute are
text, page, section or document.</p>
<h2 id="textformula"><span id="anchor-4068"></span><span
id="anchor-612"></span>text:formula</h2>
<p>The <em>text:formula</em> attribute specifies the formula or
expression used to compute the value of a field. </p>
<p>The attribute value should begin with a namespace prefix followed by
":" (U+003A, COLON) followed by the text of the formula. The namespace
bound to the prefix determines the syntax and semantics of the formula.
</p>
<p>The <em>text:formula</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-formula&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-413">7.7.14</a>, <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a> and <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:formula</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textglobal-deprecated"><span id="anchor-4069"></span><span
id="anchor-87"></span>text:global (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>text:global</em> attribute specifies whether the user
interface of a consumer should consider the documents to which linked
text sections are linked as individually editable parts of the
document.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:global</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the user interface need not make a distinction between linked
text sections and non-linked text sections.</li>
<li>true: the user interface considers the content of linked text
sections as parts of the document which may be edited by editing the
documents to which the linked text sections are linked.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:global</em> attribute is deprecated in favor of the
application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master MIME type. Using this
MIME type for a document has the same effect as the value true for a
<em>text:global</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:global</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:global</em> attribute has the data type <em>boolean</em>
<a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texthowpublished"><span id="anchor-4070"></span><span
id="anchor-740"></span>text:howpublished</h2>
<p>The <em>text:howpublished</em> attribute specifies the publication
type for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:howpublished</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:howpublished</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textincrement"><span id="anchor-4071"></span><span
id="anchor-2314"></span>text:increment</h2>
<p>The <em>text:increment</em> attribute causes line numbers to be
numbered as multiples of a specified increment.</p>
<p>The <em>text:increment</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a> and
<em>&lt;text:linenumbering-separator&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2319">16.31.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:increment</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textid"><span id="anchor-4072"></span><span
id="anchor-318"></span>text:id</h2>
<h3 id="general-100"><span id="anchor-4073"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies an identifier or a name for
an element.</p>
<h3 id="drawtext-box-deprecated"><span id="anchor-4074"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-draw:text-box"></span>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;
(deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies an identifier for for a text
box. </p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a <em>text:id</em> attribute if
it occurs on a <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> element with an
<em>xml:id</em> attribute value. </p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write <em>text:id</em> attributes for
<em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> elements in addition to an
<em>xml:id</em> attribute.</p>
<p> The value of a <em>text:id</em> attribute shall equal the value of
an <em>xml:id</em> attribute on the same <em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em>
element. </p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is deprecated in favor of
<em>xml:id</em>. <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a></p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>NCName</em> <a
href="#datatype-NCName">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-mark-end-1"><span
id="anchor-4075"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-text:alphabetical-index-mark-end"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;
</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies a name by which start- and
end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the
<em>text:id</em> attribute shall be unique except for a matching
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-331">8.1.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-mark-start-1"><span
id="anchor-4076"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-text:alphabetical-index-mark-start"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies a name by which start- and
end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the
<em>text:id</em> attribute shall be unique except for a matching
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-331">8.1.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textchanged-region-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-4077"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-text:changed-region"></span>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;
(deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies the an identifier for
achanged region.</p>
<p>The ID value is used in text:change-id <a
href="#anchor-499">19.771</a> IDREF values to refer to a particular
<em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a <em>text:id</em> attribute if
it occurs on an element with an <em>xml:id</em> attribute value.</p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write <em>text:id</em> attributes for
elements in addition to an <em>xml:id</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The value of a <em>text:id</em> attribute shall equal the value of an
<em>xml:id</em> attribute on the same element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is deprecated in favor of
<em>xml:id</em>. <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a></p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-484">5.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>NCName</em> <a
href="#datatype-NCName">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texth-deprecated"><span id="anchor-4078"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-text:h"></span>&lt;text:h&gt;
(deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies an identifier for a
heading.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a <em>text:id</em> attribute if
it occurs on an element with an <em>xml:id</em> attribute value.</p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write <em>text:id</em> attributes for
elements in addition to an <em>xml:id</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The value of a <em>text:id</em> attribute shall equal the value of an
<em>xml:id</em> attribute on the same element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is deprecated in favor of
<em>xml:id</em>. <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a></p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>NCName</em> <a
href="#datatype-NCName">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textnote-1"><span id="anchor-4079"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-text:note"></span>&lt;text:note&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies specifies a name by which
notes can be referenced from <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> elements.
See <a href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textp-deprecated"><span id="anchor-4080"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-text:p"></span>&lt;text:p&gt;
(deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies an identifier for a
paragraph.</p>
<p>OpenDocument consumers shall ignore a <em>text:id</em> attribute if
it occurs on a <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element with an <em>xml:id</em>
attribute value. If there is no <em>xml:id</em> attribute value, then a
<em>text:id</em> attribute should be processed as it were an
<em>xml:id</em> attribute. </p>
<p>OpenDocument producers may write <em>text:id</em> attributes for
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> elements in addition to an <em>xml:id</em>
attribute.</p>
<p>A <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element shall not have an <em>text:id</em>
attribute if it has no <em>xml:id</em> attribute value. The value of a
<em>text:id</em> attribute shall equal the value of an <em>xml:id</em>
attribute on the same <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is deprecated in favor of
<em>xml:id</em>. <a href="#anchor-324">19.920</a></p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>NCName</em> <a
href="#datatype-NCName">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttoc-mark-end-1"><span id="anchor-4081"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-text:toc-mark-end"></span>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies a name by which start- and
end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the
<em>text:id</em> attribute shall be unique except for a matching
<em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-419">8.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttoc-mark-start-1"><span id="anchor-4082"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-text:toc-mark-start"></span>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies a name by which start- and
end-mark elements are connected to each other. The name specified by the
<em>text:id</em> attribute shall be unique except for a matching
<em>&lt;text:toc-mark-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-419">8.1.3</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-mark-end-1"><span id="anchor-4083"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-text:user-index-mark-end"></span>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies a string by which start- and
end-mark elements are connected to each other. The string shall be
unique except for matching its corresponding
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-425">8.1.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-mark-start-1"><span id="anchor-4084"></span><span
id="attribute-text:id_element-text:user-index-mark-start"></span>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute specifies a string by which start- and
end-mark elements are connected to each other. The string shall be
unique except for matching its corresponding
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-425">8.1.6</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textidentifier"><span id="anchor-4085"></span><span
id="anchor-741"></span>text:identifier</h2>
<p>The <em>text:identifier</em> attribute specifies an identifier for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:identifier</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:identifier</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textindex-name"><span id="anchor-4086"></span><span
id="anchor-713"></span>text:index-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:index-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
user-defined index.</p>
<p> In order to support multiple user-defined indexes with different
contents, user index marks have a <em>text:index-name</em> attribute.
The same attribute can be used with a
<em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> element to specify which index
marks apply to the current index.</p>
<p>The <em>text:index-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>,
<em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:index-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textindex-scope"><span id="anchor-4087"></span><span
id="anchor-767"></span>text:index-scope</h2>
<p>The <em>text:index-scope</em> attribute specifies whether an index is
constructed for an entire document or for a chapter.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:index-scope</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>chapter: the index is constructed for the chapter that contains the
index. A chapter consists of all those paragraphs and headings which
have the same immediately preceding heading with outline level 1. </li>
<li>document: the index is constructed for the entire document. </li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is document. </p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-794">8.5.2</a>
and <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a> elements the default value for this
attribute is document.</p>
<p>The <em>text:index-scope</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-794">8.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:index-scope</em> attribute are document or
chapter.</p>
<h2 id="textignore-case"><span id="anchor-4088"></span><span
id="anchor-834"></span>text:ignore-case</h2>
<p>The <em>text:ignore-case</em> attribute specifies whether the
capitalization of words is ignored. If the value is true, the
capitalization is ignored and entries that are identical except for
character case are listed as the same entries. If the value is false,
the capitalization of words is not ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:ignore-case</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: index entries that are identical except for character case
should be listed as the same entries.</li>
<li>true: index entries that are identical but differ in character case
should not be listed as separate entries.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:ignore-case</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:ignore-case</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textinstitution"><span id="anchor-4089"></span><span
id="anchor-742"></span>text:institution</h2>
<p>The <em>text:institution</em> attribute specifies an institution for
a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:institution</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:institution</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textis-hidden"><span id="anchor-4090"></span><span
id="anchor-691"></span>text:is-hidden</h2>
<p>The <em>text:is-hidden</em> attribute specifies whether a field or
paragraph is currently visible.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> The value of this attribute is overwritten with a new value as soon
as the consumer evaluates the expression. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:is-hidden</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: condition for display has evaluated to false, field or
paragraph is visible.</li>
<li>true: condition for display has evaluated to true, field or
paragraph is not visible.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:is-hidden</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:hidden-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-360">7.7.11</a> and <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-361">7.7.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:is-hidden</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textis-list-header"><span id="anchor-4091"></span><span
id="anchor-319"></span>text:is-list-header</h2>
<p>The <em>text:is-list-header</em> attribute specifies the appearance
of a specific heading without numbering. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:is-list-header</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: heading will be numbered.</li>
<li>true: heading will be not numbered, even if the header has a
list-style..</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:is-list-header</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:is-list-header</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textisbn"><span id="anchor-4092"></span><span
id="anchor-743"></span>text:isbn</h2>
<p>The <em>text:isbn</em> attribute specifies an ISBN for a bibliography
index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:isbn</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:isbn</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textissn"><span id="anchor-4093"></span><span
id="anchor-744"></span>text:issn</h2>
<p>The <em>text:issn</em> attribute specifies an ISSN for a bibliography
index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:issn</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:issn</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textjournal"><span id="anchor-4094"></span><span
id="anchor-745"></span>text:journal</h2>
<p>The <em>text:journal</em> attribute specifies a journal for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:journal</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:journal</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textkey"><span id="anchor-4095"></span><span
id="anchor-2340"></span>text:key</h2>
<p>The <em>text:key</em> attribute specifies a type for the index
entries that should be used for sorting. See <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:key</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>address: <a href="#anchor-727">19.756</a>.</li>
<li>annote: <a href="#anchor-728">19.760</a>.</li>
<li>author: <a href="#anchor-729">19.761</a>.</li>
<li>bibliography-type: <a href="#anchor-730">19.763</a>.</li>
<li>booktitle: <a href="#anchor-731">19.764</a>.</li>
<li>chapter: <a href="#anchor-732">19.772</a>.</li>
<li>custom1: <a href="#anchor-733">19.792</a>.</li>
<li>custom2: <a href="#anchor-734">19.793</a>.</li>
<li>custom3: <a href="#anchor-735">19.794</a>.</li>
<li>custom4: <a href="#anchor-736">19.795</a>.</li>
<li>custom5: <a href="#anchor-737">19.796</a>.</li>
<li>edition: <a href="#anchor-738">19.806</a>.</li>
<li>editor: <a href="#anchor-739">19.807</a>.</li>
<li>howpublished: <a href="#anchor-740">19.813</a>.</li>
<li>identifier: <a href="#anchor-741">19.816</a>.</li>
<li>institution: <a href="#anchor-742">19.820</a>.</li>
<li>isbn: <a href="#anchor-743">19.823</a>.</li>
<li>issn: <a href="#anchor-744">19.824</a>.</li>
<li>journal: <a href="#anchor-745">19.825</a>.</li>
<li>month: <a href="#anchor-746">19.840</a>.</li>
<li>note: <a href="#anchor-747">19.842</a>.</li>
<li>number: <a href="#anchor-748">19.844</a>.</li>
<li>organizations: <a href="#anchor-749">19.849</a>.</li>
<li>pages: <a href="#anchor-750">19.852</a>.</li>
<li>publisher: <a href="#anchor-751">19.858</a>.</li>
<li>report-type: <a href="#anchor-752">19.862</a>.</li>
<li>school: <a href="#anchor-753">19.866</a>.</li>
<li>series: <a href="#anchor-754">19.868</a>.</li>
<li>title: <a href="#anchor-755">19.888</a>.</li>
<li>url: <a href="#anchor-756">19.890</a>.</li>
<li>volume: <a href="#anchor-757">19.908</a>.</li>
<li>year: <a href="#anchor-758">19.909</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:key</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:sort-key&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2338">16.31.7</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:key</em> attribute are address, annote,
author, bibliography-type, booktitle, chapter, custom1, custom2,
custom3, custom4, custom5, edition, editor, howpublished, identifier,
institution, isbn, issn, journal, month, note, number, organizations,
pages, publisher, report-type, school, series, title, url, volume or
year.</p>
<h2 id="textkey1"><span id="anchor-4096"></span><span
id="anchor-718"></span>text:key1</h2>
<p>The <em>text:key1</em> attribute specifies an additional key for an
alphabetical index mark. If only one key is used, it shall be contained
in a <em>text:key1</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>text:key1</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a> and
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:key1</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textkey2"><span id="anchor-4097"></span><span
id="anchor-720"></span>text:key2</h2>
<p>The <em>text:key2</em> attribute specifies an additional key for an
alphabetical index mark.</p>
<p>The <em>text:key2</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a> and
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:key2</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textkey1-phonetic"><span id="anchor-4098"></span><span
id="anchor-719"></span>text:key1-phonetic</h2>
<p>The <em>text:key1-phonetic</em> attribute specifies a phonetic key
for <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> elements. Phonetic
keys should be used for sorting. </p>
<p>The <em>text:key1-phonetic</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a> and
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:key1-phonetic</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textkey2-phonetic"><span id="anchor-4099"></span><span
id="anchor-721"></span>text:key2-phonetic</h2>
<p>The <em>text:key2-phonetic</em> attribute specifies an additional
phonetic key for <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> elements. </p>
<p>The <em>text:key2-phonetic</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a> and
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:key2-phonetic</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textkind"><span id="anchor-4100"></span><span
id="anchor-704"></span>text:kind</h2>
<p>The <em>text:kind</em> attribute specifies which part of a measure is
displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:kind</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>gap: Adds space to text if the measure text's writing direction is
perpendicular to the measure line. </li>
<li>unit: The measure's unit is displayed.</li>
<li>value: The measure's value is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The purpose of the gap value is add space between the measure
line and the text if the text is displayed perpendicular to the measure
line.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>text:kind</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:measure&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-366">7.7.13</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:kind</em> attribute are value, unit or
gap.</p>
<h2 id="textlabel-1"><span id="anchor-4101"></span><span
id="anchor-549"></span>text:label</h2>
<p>The <em>text:label</em> attribute specifies a label for user -nserted
notes in a document. If this attribute is omitted, the element content
is used. </p>
<p>The <em>text:label</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:note-citation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-547">6.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:label</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textlabel-followed-by"><span id="anchor-4102"></span><span
id="anchor-2596"></span>text:label-followed-by</h2>
<p>The <em>text:label-followed-by</em> attribute specifies a character
that is inserted following a list label. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:label-followed-by</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>listtab: a tab character is inserted after a list label before the
text starts.</li>
<li>nothing: text starts directly after a list label.</li>
<li>space: a “ “ (U+0020, SPACE) character is inserted after a list
label before the text starts.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:label-followed-by</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2592">17.20</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:label-followed-by</em> attribute are
listtab, space or nothing.</p>
<h2 id="textlevel"><span id="anchor-4103"></span><span
id="anchor-462"></span>text:level</h2>
<p>The <em>text:level</em> attribute specifies the level of an outline
or number list style.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>text:level</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2218">16.33</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a>, <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a> and
<em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textlist-id-deprecated"><span id="anchor-4104"></span><span
id="anchor-463"></span>text:list-id (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>text:list-id</em> attribute is deprecated, because only the
deprecated element <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> uses it.</p>
<p>The <em>text:list-id</em> attribute specifies an id that is used to
group numbered paragraphs form a list. All numbered paragraphs with the
same <em>text:list-id</em> value belong to one list. This list defines
the counter domain for the numbered paragraphs. In this context, a list
is defined as a number of list items, spanning multiple levels. As with
lists in <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>
representation the list style of the first numbered paragraph at every
list level is used for the start value.</p>
<p>The <em>text:list-id</em> attribute did not exist in OpenDocument
v1.0 and v1.1. For such text documents which do not contain the
<em>text:list-id</em> attribute the following rules are applied to form
a list from a group of numbered paragraphs:</p>
<ul>
<li>A series of numbered paragraphs each using the same list style
belong to the same list.</li>
<li>A numbered paragraph that does not have a <em>text:list-id</em> gets
the <em>text:list-id</em> of the last numbered paragraph on the same
list level using the same list style. If the previous numbered-paragraph
has a different list style, then a new list is started.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:list-id</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:list-id</em> attribute has the data type <em>NCName</em>
<a href="#datatype-NCName">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textlist-tab-stop-position"><span id="anchor-4105"></span><span
id="anchor-2597"></span>text:list-tab-stop-position</h2>
<p>The <em>text:list-tab-stop-position</em> attribute specifies an
additional tab stop which is inserted into the list of tab stops that
are defined for a list item. By default the tab stop's position is
following the list label. The text of the first line of list item starts
at this tab stop. In left-to-right layout environments this tab stop is
interpreted as a left tab. While in right-to-left layout environments it
is interpreted as a right tab.</p>
<p>The <em>text:list-tab-stop-position</em> attribute is ignored unless
the <em>text:label-followed-by</em> attribute has the value listtab.
</p>
<p>There are two cases in which this additional tab stop does not
specify the start the of the text of the first line of the list
item:</p>
<ul>
<li>The position of the additional tab stop is before the end of the
list label.</li>
<li>Between the end of the list label and the position of the additional
tab stop exists already a tab stop.</li>
</ul>
<p>In these cases, the tab character that is inserted following the list
label advances to the next tab stop, or a default tab stop if none
exists. However, other tab stops contained in the list item's text may
advance to the additional list tab stop. The additional tab stop is
further applied to the full text of tab stop, that is, not only the
first line.</p>
<p>The <em>text:list-tab-stop-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2592">17.20</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:list-tab-stop-position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textmain-entry"><span id="anchor-4106"></span><span
id="anchor-722"></span>text:main-entry</h2>
<p>The <em>text:main-entry</em> attribute specifies which of multiple
index marks for the same entry is the main entry.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:main-entry</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: no index mark is specified as the main entry from multiple
index marks for the same entry.</li>
<li>true: one index mark out of multiple index marks for the same entry
is specified as the main entry.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:main-entry</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a> and
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:main-entry</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textmain-entry-style-name"><span id="anchor-4107"></span><span
id="anchor-835"></span>text:main-entry-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:main-entry-style-name</em> attribute specifies the
character style to use for main entries. Sub entries are formatted using
the default character style determined by the paragraph style of the
entries.</p>
<p>The <em>text:main-entry-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:main-entry-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textmaster-page-name"><span id="anchor-4108"></span><span
id="anchor-450"></span>text:master-page-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:master-page-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
master page.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:page&gt;</em> elements <a
href="#anchor-448">5.2.2</a>, the attribute specifies the name of the
master page which is used to format the page.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> elements <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>, the attributes specifies the master page
which is used to format the pages on which the notes are displayed.</p>
<p>The <em>text:master-page-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:page&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-448">5.2.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:master-page-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textmonth"><span id="anchor-4109"></span><span
id="anchor-746"></span>text:month</h2>
<p>The <em>text:month</em> attribute specifies a month for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:month</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:month</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textname"><span id="anchor-4110"></span><span
id="anchor-470"></span>text:name</h2>
<h3 id="general-101"><span id="anchor-4111"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a name. </p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-1"><span id="anchor-4112"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:alphabetical-index"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for an
alphabetical index.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbibliography-1"><span id="anchor-4113"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:bibliography"></span>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for a
bibliography.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbookmark-1"><span id="anchor-4114"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:bookmark"></span>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a name for a bookmark.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbookmark-end-1"><span id="anchor-4115"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:bookmark-end"></span>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a name that shall match
the <em>text:name</em> attribute on only one
<em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>
element in a document.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbookmark-start-1"><span id="anchor-4116"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:bookmark-start"></span>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a name that shall match
the <em>text:name</em> attribute on only one
<em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a>
element in a document.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdrop-down-1"><span id="anchor-4117"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:drop-down"></span>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for a
drop-down list input field.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-354">7.4.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textexecute-macro-1"><span id="anchor-4118"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:execute-macro"></span>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a macro to invoke when a
field is activated. </p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:execute-macro&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-357">7.7.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textillustration-index-1"><span id="anchor-4119"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:illustration-index"></span>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for an
illustration index.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-title-1"><span id="anchor-4120"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:index-title"></span>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for an index
title.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textobject-index-1"><span id="anchor-4121"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:object-index"></span>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for an
object index.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textreference-mark-1"><span id="anchor-4122"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:reference-mark"></span>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for
reference elements.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textreference-mark-end-1"><span id="anchor-4123"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:reference-mark-end"></span>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a name that shall match
the text:name attribute on only one
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a> element in a document.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-385">6.2.2.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textreference-mark-start-1"><span id="anchor-4124"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:reference-mark-start"></span>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a name that shall match
the text:name attribute on only one
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-385">6.2.2.4</a> element in a document.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsection-3"><span id="anchor-4125"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:section"></span>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for a
section.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsequence-1"><span id="anchor-4126"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:sequence"></span>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies name of a variable to
display. It shall match the name of a sequence variable already declared
by a preceding <em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-509">7.4.12</a> element. </p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>variableName</em> <a href="#datatype-variableName">18.3.39</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsequence-decl-1"><span id="anchor-4127"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:sequence-decl"></span>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name of a
variable to be declared. </p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-509">7.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>variableName</em> <a href="#datatype-variableName">18.3.39</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-of-content-1"><span id="anchor-4128"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:table-of-content"></span>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for a
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-index-1"><span id="anchor-4129"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:table-index"></span>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for a table
index.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-defined-2"><span id="anchor-4130"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:user-defined"></span>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</h3>
<p> The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a name that corresponds
to the value of a <em>meta:name</em> attribute on a
<em>&lt;meta:user-defined&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-defined&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-421">7.5.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-field-decl-1"><span id="anchor-4131"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:user-field-decl"></span>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for a
user-defined field declaration. </p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>variableName</em> <a href="#datatype-variableName">18.3.39</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-field-get-3"><span id="anchor-4132"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:user-field-get"></span>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a user-defined
field that shall be declared already by a preceding
<em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-field-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-422">7.4.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>variableName</em> <a href="#datatype-variableName">18.3.39</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-field-input-2"><span id="anchor-4133"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:user-field-input"></span>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies the name of a user-defined
field that shall be declared already by a preceding
<em>&lt;text:user-field-decl&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-508">7.4.8</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-field-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-423">7.4.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>variableName</em> <a href="#datatype-variableName">18.3.39</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-1"><span id="anchor-4134"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:user-index"></span>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for a
user-specified index.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-set-3"><span id="anchor-4135"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:variable-set"></span>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a variable name that shall
match a variable name already declared by a preceding
<em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-507">7.4.3</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-429">7.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>variableName</em> <a href="#datatype-variableName">18.3.39</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-decl-1"><span id="anchor-4136"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:variable-decl"></span>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;
</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a unique name for a
variable declaration. </p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-507">7.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>variableName</em> <a href="#datatype-variableName">18.3.39</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-get-3"><span id="anchor-4137"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:variable-get"></span>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a variable name that shall
match a preceding <em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-507">7.4.3</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:variable-get&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-427">7.4.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>variableName</em> <a href="#datatype-variableName">18.3.39</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textvariable-input-3"><span id="anchor-4138"></span><span
id="attribute-text:name_element-text:variable-input"></span>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute specifies a variable name that shall
match the name of variable already declared by a preceding
<em>&lt;text:variable-decl&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-507">7.4.3</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:variable-input&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-428">7.4.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>variableName</em> <a href="#datatype-variableName">18.3.39</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textnote-2"><span id="anchor-4139"></span><span
id="anchor-747"></span>text:note</h2>
<p>The <em>text:note</em> attribute specifies a note for a bibliography
index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:note</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:note</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textnote-class"><span id="anchor-4140"></span><span
id="anchor-546"></span>text:note-class</h2>
<p>The <em>text:note-class</em> attribute specifies the class of a note.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:note-class</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>endnote: note appears at the end of a chapter or document. </li>
<li>footnote: note appears at the footer of a page.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:note-class</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-370">6.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a> and
<em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:note-class</em> attribute are footnote or
endnote.</p>
<h2 id="textnumber-1"><span id="anchor-4141"></span><span
id="anchor-748"></span>text:number</h2>
<p>The <em>text:number</em> attribute specifies a number for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:number</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:number</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textnumber-lines"><span id="anchor-4142"></span><span
id="anchor-2315"></span>text:number-lines</h2>
<p>The <em>text:number-lines</em> attribute specifies whether lines are
numbered.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:number-lines</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: lines are not numbered.</li>
<li>true: lines are numbered.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a> element the default value for this
attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:number-lines</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:number-lines</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textnumber-position"><span id="anchor-4143"></span><span
id="anchor-2316"></span>text:number-position</h2>
<p>The <em>text:number-position</em> attribute specifies in which margin
of a page line numbers appear. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:number-position</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>inner: line numbers appear on the inner margin of a page.</li>
<li>left: line numbers appear on the left margin of a page.</li>
<li>outer: line numbers appear on the outer margin of a page.</li>
<li>right: line numbers appear on the right margin of a page</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is left.</p>
<p>The <em>text:number-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:number-position</em> attribute are left,
right, inner or outer.</p>
<h2 id="textnumbered-entries"><span id="anchor-4144"></span><span
id="anchor-2334"></span>text:numbered-entries</h2>
<p>The <em>text:numbered-entries</em> attribute specifies whether a
number is displayed for bibliography entries instead of their short
name.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:numbered-entries</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: short names for bibliographic entries displayed.</li>
<li>true: number displayed for bibliographic entries.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:numbered-entries</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:numbered-entries</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textoffset"><span id="anchor-4145"></span><span
id="anchor-2317"></span>text:offset</h2>
<p>The <em>text:offset</em> attribute specifies the distance between a
line number and the margin.</p>
<p>The <em>text:offset</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:offset</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textorganizations"><span id="anchor-4146"></span><span
id="anchor-749"></span>text:organizations</h2>
<p>The <em>text:organizations</em> attribute specifies one or more
organizations for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:organizations</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:organizations</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textoutline-level"><span id="anchor-4147"></span><span
id="anchor-320"></span>text:outline-level</h2>
<h3 id="general-102"><span id="anchor-4148"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies an outline
level.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-entry-template-1"><span
id="anchor-4149"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:alphabetical-index-entry-template"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies the level to
which a template applies.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>1: index mark with only text but no keys assigned is assigned to
level one.</li>
<li>2: index mark with text and one key, key is assigned to level one
and index mark value is assigned to level two.</li>
<li>3: index mark with two keys, first key is assigned to level one,
second key is assigned to level two, and the index mark value is
assigned to level three.</li>
<li>separator: the template defines an alphabetical separator. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element:
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-838">8.8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute are 1, 2, 3
or separator.</p>
<h3 id="textchapter-3"><span id="anchor-4150"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:chapter"></span>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies an outline level
to use. The <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> element displays a chapter
number or title up to the specified outline level.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-340">7.3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texth-2"><span id="anchor-4151"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:h"></span>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies the level of a
heading, starting with 1. Headings without a level attribute are assumed
to be at level 1.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-chapter-2"><span id="anchor-4152"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:index-entry-chapter"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies an outline level
for an index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-776">8.13.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-source-styles-1"><span id="anchor-4153"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:index-source-styles"></span>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies an outline level
for an index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-772">8.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-mark-1"><span id="anchor-4154"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:user-index-mark"></span>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies an outline level
for an index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-of-content-entry-template-1"><span
id="anchor-4155"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:table-of-content-entry-template"></span>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies to which outline
level an entry configuration applies. Outline levels shall be unique for
the template elements in one index source.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-774">8.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-of-content-source-1"><span
id="anchor-4156"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:table-of-content-source"></span>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;
</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies which outline
levels are used when generating a table of contents. The value of this
attribute shall be an integer greater than zero. If this attribute is
omitted, all outline levels are used by default.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttoc-mark-1"><span id="anchor-4157"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:toc-mark"></span>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies an outline level
for a table of contents index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-418">8.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttoc-mark-start-2"><span id="anchor-4158"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:toc-mark-start"></span>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;
</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies an outline level
for a table of contents index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:toc-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-420">8.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-entry-template-1"><span
id="anchor-4159"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:user-index-entry-template"></span>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies the template
applied to entries at a specified outline level in a user-defined index.
All <em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> elements that are
contained in the same parent element shall specify different outline
levels.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-818">8.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-mark-start-2"><span id="anchor-4160"></span><span
id="attribute-text:outline-level_element-text:user-index-mark-start"></span>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies an outline level
for a user index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-426">8.1.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textpage-adjust"><span id="anchor-4161"></span><span
id="anchor-572"></span>text:page-adjust</h2>
<h3 id="general-103"><span id="anchor-4162"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:page-adjust</em> attribute specifies an adjustment to
page numbering. </p>
<h3 id="textpage-number-1"><span id="anchor-4163"></span><span
id="attribute-text:page-adjust_element-text:page-number"></span>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:page-adjust</em> attribute specifies an adjustment of
the value of a page number field, to display of page numbers of
following or preceding pages. The specified value is added to the
current page number. If a page with the resulting page number does not
exist, no number is displayed.</p>
<p>The <em>text:page-adjust</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:page-adjust</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textpage-variable-set-1"><span id="anchor-4164"></span><span
id="attribute-text:page-adjust_element-text:page-variable-set"></span>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:page-adjust</em> attribute specifies a page adjustment.
The value of an active page variable is the current page number plus any
page adjustment value immediately prior to the occurrence of this
variable in document order.</p>
<p>The <em>text:page-adjust</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:page-variable-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-378">7.7.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:page-adjust</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textpages"><span id="anchor-4165"></span><span
id="anchor-750"></span>text:pages</h2>
<p>The <em>text:pages</em> attribute specifies the page number or page
numbers for a bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:pages</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:pages</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textplaceholder-type"><span id="anchor-4166"></span><span
id="anchor-685"></span>text:placeholder-type</h2>
<p>The <em>text:placeholder-type</em> attribute specifies the content
type of a placeholder. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:placeholder-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>image: placeholder can be replaced by an image.</li>
<li>object: placeholder can be replaced by an object.</li>
<li>table: placeholder can be replaced by a table.</li>
<li>text: placeholder can be replaced by text.</li>
<li>text-box: placeholder can be replaced by a text-box.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:placeholder-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:placeholder&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-380">7.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:placeholder-type</em> attribute are text,
table, text-box, image or object.</p>
<h2 id="textprefix"><span id="anchor-4167"></span><span
id="anchor-2335"></span>text:prefix</h2>
<p>The <em>text:prefix</em> attribute specifies a string that is
displayed before a bibliography entry's short name or number if it
occurs outside the bibliography. </p>
<p>The <em>text:prefix</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:prefix</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textprotected"><span id="anchor-4168"></span><span
id="anchor-471"></span>text:protected</h2>
<p>The <em>text:protected</em> attribute specifies whether a section is
protected. A section can be protected, which means that a user cannot
edit the section. The protection is enforced by the user interface
only.</p>
<p> If the section is protected and the <em>text:protection-key</em> <a
href="#anchor-472">19.856</a> attribute is present, an authorization is
required for resetting the protection to enable editing. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:protected</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: section is not protected from editing.</li>
<li>true: section is protected from editing.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:protected</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:protected</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textprotection-key"><span id="anchor-4169"></span><span
id="anchor-472"></span>text:protection-key</h2>
<p>The <em>text:protection-key</em> attribute, when present, specifies
that an authorization is required for removing the protection of a
section. The authentication procedure is identified by the
<em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> attribute <a
href="#anchor-473">19.857</a> The attribute value is binary data that
may be used by the authentication procedure. </p>
<p>The password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8
encoding. </p>
<p>The <em>text:protection-key</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:protection-key</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textprotection-key-digest-algorithm"><span
id="anchor-4170"></span><span
id="anchor-473"></span>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</h2>
<p>The <em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> attribute value is
an IRI that identifies an authentication procedure for removing a
protection.</p>
<p>If the IRI identifies a message-digest algorithm specified in §5.7 of
<span class="citation" data-cites="xmlenc-core">[xmlenc-core]</span>,
the value of <em>text:protection-key</em> <a
href="#anchor-472">19.856</a> attribute shall be the hash value of the
password that is required to authorize removal of the protection. The
password shall be provided as a sequence of bytes in UTF-8 encoding.</p>
<p>Any other procedures, their identifying IRIs, and their application
of <em>text:protection-key</em> values are implementation-defined. </p>
<p>Consumers shall support http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1<a
href="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1,">,</a> which is the
default, and http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. They may support
other algorithms described in §5.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="xmlenc-core">[xmlenc-core]</span> or alternative procedures.
Producers should use http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha256. </p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is
http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1.</p>
<p>The <em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> attribute is usable
with the following elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:protection-key-digest-algorithm</em> attribute has the
data type <em>anyIRI</em> <a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textpublisher"><span id="anchor-4171"></span><span
id="anchor-751"></span>text:publisher</h2>
<p>The <em>text:publisher</em> attribute specifies a publisher for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:publisher</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:publisher</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textref-name"><span id="anchor-4172"></span><span
id="anchor-625"></span>text:ref-name</h2>
<h3 id="general-104"><span id="anchor-4173"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute specifies a name that is used as
a reference. </p>
<h3 id="textbookmark-ref-1"><span id="anchor-4174"></span><span
id="attribute-text:ref-name_element-text:bookmark-ref"></span>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute references a
<em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a> or
<em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>
element by the value of that element's <em>text:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-338">7.7.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textnote-ref-1"><span id="anchor-4175"></span><span
id="attribute-text:ref-name_element-text:note-ref"></span>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute references a
<em>&lt;text:note&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-747">19.842</a> element by
the value of that element's <em>text:id</em> <a
href="#anchor-318">19.815</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textreference-ref-1"><span id="anchor-4176"></span><span
id="attribute-text:ref-name_element-text:reference-ref"></span>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute references a
<em>&lt;text:reference-mark&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-384">6.2.2.2</a>
or <em>&lt;text:reference-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-386">6.2.2.3</a> element by the value of that element's
<em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute identifies the element
referenced by this reference field element. </p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-387">7.7.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsequence-2"><span id="anchor-4177"></span><span
id="attribute-text:ref-name_element-text:sequence"></span>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute specifies the name for a
sequence field that is the target of a reference field. No two sequence
fields can have the same reference name.</p>
<p>If a sequence field is not the target of a reference, this attribute
can be omitted.</p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsequence-ref-1"><span id="anchor-4178"></span><span
id="attribute-text:ref-name_element-text:sequence-ref"></span>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute references a
<em>&lt;text:sequence&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a> element
by the value of that element's <em>text:ref-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-406">7.4.13</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-407">7.7.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:ref-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textreference-format"><span id="anchor-4179"></span><span
id="anchor-693"></span>text:reference-format</h2>
<p>The <em>text:reference-format</em> attribute specifies what
information about a reference is displayed. If the reference format is
not specified, the page format is used as the default.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:reference-format</em> attribute
supported by all reference fields are:</p>
<ul>
<li>chapter: displays the number of the chapter in which the referenced
item appears.</li>
<li>direction: displays whether the referenced item is above or below
the reference field.</li>
<li>page: displays the number of the page on which the referenced item
appears.</li>
<li>text: displays the text of the referenced item.</li>
</ul>
<p>Additional defined values for the <em>text:reference-format</em>
attribute supported by references to sequence fields are:</p>
<ul>
<li>caption: displays the caption in which the sequence is used.</li>
<li>category-and-value: displays the name and value of the
sequence.</li>
<li>value: displays the value of the sequence.</li>
</ul>
<p>References to bookmarks and other references support additional
values, which display the <em>list label</em> of the referenced item. If
the referenced item is contained in a list or a numbered paragraph, the
list label is the formatted number of the paragraph which contains the
referenced item. If the referenced item is not contained in a list or
numbered paragraph, the list label is empty, and the referenced field
therefore displays nothing. If the referenced bookmark or reference
contains more than one paragraph, the list label of the paragraph at
which the bookmark or reference starts is taken.</p>
<p>Additional defined values for the <em>text:reference-format</em>
attribute supported by all references to bookmarks or other reference
fields are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>number: displays the list label of the referenced item. The list
position of the referenced item plus all of its superior list levels are
its reference.</p></li>
<li><p>number-all-superior: displays the list label of the referenced
item and is prefixed by the list labels of all superior list levels.</p>
<p>The list label of the referenced item may already contain numbers of
superior levels. If this is the case, and if <em>n</em> is the level of
the most superior level contained in the list label, then <span
id="anchor-4180"></span>no list label content of superior levels smaller
or equal than <em>n</em> are added.</p></li>
<li>number-no-superior: displays the contents of the list label of the
referenced item.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:reference-format</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-338">7.7.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:note-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-371">7.7.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-387">7.7.5</a> and <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-407">7.7.8</a>.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:reference-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-387">7.7.5</a> elements, the values of the
<em>text:reference-format</em> attribute are page, chapter, direction,
text, number-no-superior, number-all-superior or number.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:bookmark-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-338">7.7.6</a> elements, the values of the
<em>text:reference-format</em> attribute are page, chapter, direction,
text, number-no-superior, number-all-superior or number.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:reference-format</em> attribute are page,
chapter, direction or text.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:sequence-ref&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-407">7.7.8</a> elements, the values of the
<em>text:reference-format</em> attribute are page, chapter, direction,
text, category-and-value, caption or value.</p>
<h2 id="textrelative-tab-stop-position"><span
id="anchor-4181"></span><span
id="anchor-768"></span>text:relative-tab-stop-position</h2>
<p>The <em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em> attribute specifies
whether the position of tab stops is relative to the left margin or to
the left indent as determined by the paragraph style. It is used in the
specification for the generation of index entries and table of content
entries.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: paragraph style determines position of tab stops relative to
the left margin.</li>
<li>true: paragraph style determines the position of tab stops relative
to the left indent.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-794">8.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textreport-type"><span id="anchor-4182"></span><span
id="anchor-752"></span>text:report-type</h2>
<p>The <em>text:report-type</em> attribute specifies a report type for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:report-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:report-type</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textrestart-numbering"><span id="anchor-4183"></span><span
id="anchor-321"></span>text:restart-numbering</h2>
<p>The <em>text:restart-numbering</em> attribute specifies whether to
restart the numbering of headings. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:restart-numbering</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: numbering of headings does not restart.</li>
<li>true: numbering of headings does restart.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:restart-numbering</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:restart-numbering</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textrestart-on-page"><span id="anchor-4184"></span><span
id="anchor-2318"></span>text:restart-on-page</h2>
<p>The <em>text:restart-on-page</em> attribute specifies whether the
line count is reset to 1 at the start of every page.</p>
<p>If the value of this attribute is <code>true</code>, the line count
is reset to 1 at the beginning of every page, resulting in page-specific
numbering of lines. The default value of this attribute is
<code>false</code>, resulting in document-specific numbering of
lines.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:restart-on-page</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: line count is not reset, resulting in document-wide numbering
of lines.</li>
<li>true: line count is reset to 1 at the beginning of every page,
resulting in page-specific line numbering.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:restart-on-page</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:restart-on-page</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textrow-number"><span id="anchor-4185"></span><span
id="anchor-675"></span>text:row-number</h2>
<p>The <em>text:row-number</em> attribute specifies a row number to
select when a condition is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:row-number</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:row-number</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textschool"><span id="anchor-4186"></span><span
id="anchor-753"></span>text:school</h2>
<p>The <em>text:school</em> attribute specifies a school for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:school</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:school</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textsection-name"><span id="anchor-4187"></span><span
id="anchor-478"></span>text:section-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:section-name</em> attribute specifies a section to which
a section is linked by its name. The referenced section occurs either in
the document referenced by the <em>xlink:href</em> <a
href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> attribute on the same
<em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> element, or in the same document if
the <em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> attribute is
not present. </p>
<p>If the <em>text:section-name</em> attribute is not present, the
section is linked to the entire document referenced by the
<em>xlink:href</em> attribute, unless the <em>xlink:href</em> attribute
contains a fragment identifier. If neither the <em>xlink:href</em>
attribute nor the <em>text:section-name</em> attribute is present, the
<em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> element shall be ignored. </p>
<p>The <em>text:section-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-475">5.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:section-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textseries"><span id="anchor-4188"></span><span
id="anchor-754"></span>text:series</h2>
<p>The <em>text:series</em> attribute specifies the series for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:series</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:series</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textselect-page"><span id="anchor-4189"></span><span
id="anchor-573"></span>text:select-page</h2>
<h3 id="general-105"><span id="anchor-4190"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:select-page</em> attribute specifies conditional display
of text.</p>
<h3 id="textpage-continuation-1"><span id="anchor-4191"></span><span
id="attribute-text:select-page_element-text:page-continuation"></span>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:select-page</em> attribute specifies whether to check
for a previous or next page and if that page exists, continuation text
is displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:select-page</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>next: check for next page and if it exists, displays continuation
text.</li>
<li>previous: check for previous page and if it exists, display
continuation text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:select-page</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-374">7.3.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:select-page</em> attribute are previous or
next.</p>
<h3 id="textpage-number-2"><span id="anchor-4192"></span><span
id="attribute-text:select-page_element-text:page-number"></span>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:select-page</em> attribute specifies whether to display
or not the number of a previous or following page rather than the number
of the current page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:select-page</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>current: number of the current page.</li>
<li>next: number of the page immediately following the current
page.</li>
<li>previous: number of the page immediately preceding the current
page.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p> To display the current page number on all pages except the first or
last page, use a combination of the <em>text:select-page</em> and
<em>text:page-adjust</em> <a href="#anchor-572">19.851</a>
attributes.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>text:select-page</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-376">7.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:select-page</em> attribute are previous,
current or next.</p>
<h2 id="textseparation-character"><span id="anchor-4193"></span><span
id="anchor-623"></span>text:separation-character</h2>
<p>The <em>text:separation-character</em> attribute specifies the
character used to separate values representing levels in an outline.</p>
<p>If the value of the <em>text:display-outline-level</em> attribute is
a non-zero value, a separation character may be specified. The default
separation character is <code>"."</code> (U+002E, FULL STOP). If the
value of <em>text:display-outline-level</em> <a
href="#anchor-572">19.851</a> is zero, this attribute shall be
omitted.</p>
<p>The <em>text:separation-character</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:sequence-decl&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-509">7.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:separation-character</em> attribute has the data type
<em>character</em> <a href="#datatype-character">18.3.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textsort-algorithm"><span id="anchor-4194"></span><span
id="anchor-836"></span>text:sort-algorithm</h2>
<p>The <em>text:sort-algorithm</em> specifies a locale-specific sorting
algorithm by name.</p>
<p>The <em>text:sort-algorithm</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:sort-algorithm</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textsort-ascending"><span id="anchor-4195"></span><span
id="anchor-2341"></span>text:sort-ascending</h2>
<p>The <em>text:sort-ascending</em> attribute specifies whether
locale-specific sorting takes place in ascending or descending
order.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:sort-ascending</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: sorting takes place in descending order.</li>
<li>true: sorting takes place in ascending order.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:sort-ascending</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:sort-key&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2338">16.31.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:sort-ascending</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textsort-by-position"><span id="anchor-4196"></span><span
id="anchor-2336"></span>text:sort-by-position</h2>
<p>The <em>text:sort-by-position</em> attribute specifies whether
bibliography entries are displayed in the order of their positions in
the document, or by selected fields.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:sort-by-position</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: bibliographic entries are displayed in the order of their
positions in a document.</li>
<li>true: bibliographic entries are displayed as sorted by selected
fields. The collation order for entries sorted by fields is determined
by by the attributes <em>fo:language <a
href="#anchor-825">19.236</a></em>, <em>fo:country <a
href="#anchor-824">19.234</a></em>, <em>fo:script <a
href="#anchor-826">19.242</a></em>, <em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> <a
href="#anchor-827">19.516</a> and <em>text:sort-algorithm <a
href="#anchor-827">19.516</a></em>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:sort-by-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:sort-by-position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textstart-value"><span id="anchor-4197"></span><span
id="anchor-322"></span>text:start-value</h2>
<h3 id="general-106"><span id="anchor-4198"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute specifies the value for
starting or restarting numbering.. </p>
<h3 id="texth-3"><span id="anchor-4199"></span><span
id="attribute-text:start-value_element-text:h"></span>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute specifies a value that
restarts numbering at the current heading.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textlist-item-1"><span id="anchor-4200"></span><span
id="attribute-text:start-value_element-text:list-item"></span>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute specifies a value that
restarts numbering of a list at the current item. This attribute can
only be applied to items in a list with a numbering list style. </p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-314">5.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textlist-level-style-number-1"><span
id="anchor-4201"></span><span
id="attribute-text:start-value_element-text:list-level-style-number"></span>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute specifies a value that
restarts numbering at the current list level.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textnotes-configuration-1"><span id="anchor-4202"></span><span
id="attribute-text:start-value_element-text:notes-configuration"></span>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute specifies the value at which
note numbering starts.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textnumbered-paragraph-deprecated-1"><span
id="anchor-4203"></span><span
id="attribute-text:start-value_element-text:numbered-paragraph"></span>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;
(deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute specifies a value that
restarts numbering of a numbered paragraph at the current item.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textoutline-level-style-1"><span id="anchor-4204"></span><span
id="attribute-text:start-value_element-text:outline-level-style"></span>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute specifies the first number of
a heading item at the current level.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a> element the default value for this
attribute is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:start-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textstart-numbering-at"><span id="anchor-4205"></span><span
id="anchor-2328"></span>text:start-numbering-at</h2>
<p>The <em>text:start-numbering-at</em> attribute specifies if footnote
numbers start with a new number at the beginning of the document or at
the beginning of each chapter or page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:start-numbering-at</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>chapter: footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning
of a chapter.</li>
<li>document: footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning
of a document. </li>
<li>page: footnote numbers start with a new number at the beginning of a
page.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:start-numbering-at</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:notes-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-206">16.31.3</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:start-numbering-at</em> attribute are
document, chapter or page.</p>
<h2 id="textstring-value-phonetic"><span id="anchor-4206"></span><span
id="anchor-723"></span>text:string-value-phonetic</h2>
<p>The <em>text:string-value-phonetic</em> attribute specifies a
phonetic description of a word.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value-phonetic</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a> and
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-332">8.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value-phonetic</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textstring-value"><span id="anchor-4207"></span><span
id="anchor-575"></span>text:string-value</h2>
<h3 id="general-107"><span id="anchor-4208"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute specifies text for display.
</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-mark-1"><span
id="anchor-4209"></span><span
id="attribute-text:string-value_element-text:alphabetical-index-mark"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute specifies text to be
displayed in an alphabetical index.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-330">8.1.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texthidden-text-2"><span id="anchor-4210"></span><span
id="attribute-text:string-value_element-text:hidden-text"></span>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute specifies the text to
display if a <em>text:condition</em> attribute has the value of false.
If this attribute is omitted, the element content is used. </p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:hidden-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-361">7.7.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textpage-continuation-2"><span id="anchor-4211"></span><span
id="attribute-text:string-value_element-text:page-continuation"></span>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute specifies continuation text
to display. If this attribute is omitted, the element content is
used.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:page-continuation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-374">7.3.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttoc-mark-2"><span id="anchor-4212"></span><span
id="attribute-text:string-value_element-text:toc-mark"></span>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute specifies text to be
displayed in a table of contents.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:toc-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-418">8.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-mark-2"><span id="anchor-4213"></span><span
id="attribute-text:string-value_element-text:user-index-mark"></span>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute specifies text to be
displayed in an index.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-424">8.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textstring-value-if-false"><span id="anchor-4214"></span><span
id="anchor-688"></span>text:string-value-if-false</h2>
<p>The <em>text:string-value-if-false</em> attribute specifies text
string to display if a condition is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value-if-false</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value-if-false</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textstring-value-if-true"><span id="anchor-4215"></span><span
id="anchor-687"></span>text:string-value-if-true</h2>
<p>The <em>text:string-value-if-true</em> attribute specifies a text
string to display if a condition is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value-if-true</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:conditional-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-342">7.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:string-value-if-true</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textstyle-name"><span id="anchor-4216"></span><span
id="anchor-323"></span>text:style-name</h2>
<h3 id="general-108"><span id="anchor-4217"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a style by name,
with the additional requirement that the style belongs to a family that
is consistent with the style's use. </p>
<h3 id="texta-2"><span id="anchor-4218"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:a"></span>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a text style for an
unvisited hyperlink. </p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-2"><span id="anchor-4219"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:alphabetical-index"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a section family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-entry-template-2"><span
id="anchor-4220"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:alphabetical-index-entry-template"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-838">8.8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbibliography-2"><span id="anchor-4221"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:bibliography"></span>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a section family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textbibliography-entry-template-1"><span
id="anchor-4222"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:bibliography-entry-template"></span>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-845">8.9.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texth-4"><span id="anchor-4223"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:h"></span>&lt;text:h&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph family
style. If a conditional style is applied, this attribute has the name of
the style that was the result of the conditional style evaluation. </p>
<p>If both <em>text:style-name</em> and <em>text:class-names</em> <a
href="#anchor-316">19.775</a> are present, the style referenced by the
<em>text:style-name</em> attribute is treated as the first style in the
list in <em>text:class-names</em>. Consumers should support the
<em>text:class-names</em> attribute and also should preserve it while
editing.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textillustration-index-2"><span id="anchor-4224"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:illustration-index"></span>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a section family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textillustration-index-entry-template-1"><span
id="anchor-4225"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:illustration-index-entry-template"></span>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-790">8.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-bibliography-1"><span
id="anchor-4226"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-entry-bibliography"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-847">8.13.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-chapter-3"><span id="anchor-4227"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-entry-chapter"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-chapter&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-776">8.13.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-link-end-1"><span id="anchor-4228"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-entry-link-end"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-end&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-777">8.13.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-link-start-1"><span
id="anchor-4229"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-entry-link-start"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-link-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-778">8.13.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-page-number-1"><span
id="anchor-4230"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-entry-page-number"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-page-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-779">8.13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-span-1"><span id="anchor-4231"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-entry-span"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-span&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-780">8.13.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-tab-stop-3"><span id="anchor-4232"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-entry-tab-stop"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-tab-stop&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-781">8.13.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-entry-text-1"><span id="anchor-4233"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-entry-text"></span>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-entry-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-782">8.13.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-source-style-1"><span id="anchor-4234"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-source-style"></span>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-849">8.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-title-2"><span id="anchor-4235"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-title"></span>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a section family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textindex-title-template-1"><span id="anchor-4236"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-title-template"></span>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:index-title-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-773">8.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textlinenumbering-configuration-1"><span
id="anchor-4237"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:linenumbering-configuration"></span>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:linenumbering-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-204">16.31.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textlist-1"><span id="anchor-4238"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:list"></span>&lt;text:list&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a list
style that is applied to a list.</p>
<p>If this attribute is not included and therefore no list style is
specified, one of the following actions is taken:</p>
<ul>
<li>If a list is contained within another list, the list style defaults
to the style of the surrounding list.</li>
<li>If there is no list style specified for the surrounding list, but
the list's list items contain paragraphs that have paragraph styles
attached specifying a list style, that list style is used. </li>
<li>An implementation-dependent default list style is used.</li>
</ul>
<p>To determine which formatting properties are applied to a list, the
list level and list style name are taken into account. </p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textlist-level-style-number-2"><span
id="anchor-4239"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:list-level-style-number"></span>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2219">16.34</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textlist-level-style-bullet-1"><span
id="anchor-4240"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:list-level-style-bullet"></span>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-bullet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2218">16.33</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textnumbered-paragraph-deprecated-2"><span
id="anchor-4241"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:numbered-paragraph"></span>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;
(deprecated)</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a list
style that is applied to a list.</p>
<p>If this attribute is not included and therefore no list style is
specified, one of the following actions is taken:</p>
<ul>
<li>If the list is contained within another list, the list style
defaults to the style of the surrounding list.</li>
<li>If there is no list style specified for the surrounding list, but
the list contains paragraphs that have paragraph styles attached
specifying a list style, this list style is used for any of these
paragraphs.</li>
<li>An implementation-dependent default list style is applied to any
other paragraphs.</li>
</ul>
<p>To determine which formatting properties are applied to a list, the
list level and list style name are taken into account. </p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textobject-index-2"><span id="anchor-4242"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:object-index"></span>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a section family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textobject-index-entry-template-1"><span
id="anchor-4243"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:object-index-entry-template"></span>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:object-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-807">8.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textoutline-level-style-2"><span id="anchor-4244"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:outline-level-style"></span>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:outline-level-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2220">16.37</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textp-2"><span id="anchor-4245"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:p"></span>&lt;text:p&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph family
style. If a conditional style is applied, this attribute has the name of
the style that was the result of the conditional style evaluation. </p>
<p>If both <em>text:style-name</em> and <em>text:class-names</em> are
present, the style referenced by the <em>text:style-name</em> attribute
is treated as the first style in the list in <em>text:class-names <a
href="#anchor-316">19.775</a></em>. Consumers should support the
<em>text:class-names</em> attribute and also should preserve it while
editing.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textruby-1"><span id="anchor-4246"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:ruby"></span>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a ruby family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:ruby&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-388">6.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textruby-text-1"><span id="anchor-4247"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:ruby-text"></span>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a character family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:ruby-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-553">6.4.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsection-4"><span id="anchor-4248"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:section"></span>&lt;text:section&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a section family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textspan-2"><span id="anchor-4249"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:span"></span>&lt;text:span&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies style for span which
shall be a style with family of text.</p>
<p>If both <em>text:style-name</em> and <em>text:class-names</em> are
present, the style referenced by the <em>text:style-name</em> attribute
is treated as the first style in the list in <em>text:class-names <a
href="#anchor-316">19.775</a></em>. Consumers should support the
<em>text:class-names</em> attribute and also should preserve it while
editing.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:span&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-409">6.1.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-index-entry-template-1"><span
id="anchor-4250"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:table-index-entry-template"></span>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:table-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-796">8.5.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-of-content-2"><span id="anchor-4251"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:table-of-content"></span>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a section family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-of-content-entry-template-2"><span
id="anchor-4252"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:table-of-content-entry-template"></span>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-774">8.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texttable-index-2"><span id="anchor-4253"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:table-index"></span>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a section family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-2"><span id="anchor-4254"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:user-index"></span>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a section family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textuser-index-entry-template-2"><span
id="anchor-4255"></span><span
id="attribute-text:style-name_element-text:user-index-entry-template"></span>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute specifies a paragraph family
style.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-entry-template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-818">8.7.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textstyle-override"><span id="anchor-4256"></span><span
id="anchor-458"></span>text:style-override</h2>
<p>The <em>text:style-override</em> attribute specifies an override to
the list style to be applied to a list item. </p>
<p>The <em>text:style-override</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-314">5.3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:style-override</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textsuffix"><span id="anchor-4257"></span><span
id="anchor-2337"></span>text:suffix</h2>
<p>The <em>text:suffix</em> attribute specifies a string that is
displayed after a bibliography entry's short name or number if it occurs
outside the bibliography. </p>
<p>The <em>text:suffix</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-configuration&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-203">16.31.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:suffix</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texttab-ref"><span id="anchor-4258"></span><span
id="anchor-521"></span>text:tab-ref</h2>
<p>The <em>text:tab-ref</em> attribute contains the number of the
tab-stop to which a tab character refers. The position 0 marks the start
margin of a paragraph.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> The <em>text:tab-ref</em> attribute is only a hint to help
non-layout-oriented consumers to determine the association of tab with
tab-stop. Layout-oriented consumers should determine the tab positions
based on the style information.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>text:tab-ref</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:tab&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-411">6.1.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:tab-ref</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texttable-name"><span id="anchor-4259"></span><span
id="anchor-671"></span>text:table-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:table-name</em> attribute specifies a table within a
source database.</p>
<p>The <em>text:table-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a> and
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:table-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texttable-type"><span id="anchor-4260"></span><span
id="anchor-672"></span>text:table-type</h2>
<p>The <em>text:table-type</em> attribute specifies the type of
reference made to a database. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:table-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>table : the value of the <em>text:table-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-671">19.884</a> attribute is the name of a database
table.</li>
<li>query : the value of the <em>text:table-name</em> attribute is the
name of a database query.</li>
<li>command : the value of the <em>text:table-name</em> attribute is an
SQL statement.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:table-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:database-display&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-346">7.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-name&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-347">7.6.7</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-next&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-348">7.6.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a> and
<em>&lt;text:database-row-select&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-350">7.6.5</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:table-type</em> attribute are table, query
or command.</p>
<h2 id="texttime-adjust"><span id="anchor-4261"></span><span
id="anchor-567"></span>text:time-adjust</h2>
<p>The <em>text:time-adjust</em> attribute specifies an adjustment of
the value of a time by a specific time period. Positive values adjust
the time to a time in the future, while negative values adjust the time
to a time in the past. Duration values are truncated to full
minutes.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Truncation of time values is defined by
<em>number:truncate-on-overflow</em>. <a
href="#anchor-2205">19.369</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>text:time-adjust</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:time-adjust</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texttime-value"><span id="anchor-4262"></span><span
id="anchor-568"></span>text:time-value</h2>
<p>The <em>text:time-value</em> attribute specifies the time at which a
document was last edited.</p>
<p>If no value is specified, whether the field is marked as fixed or
not, the current time is assumed.</p>
<p>The <em>text:time-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:creation-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-344">7.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:modification-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-369">7.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;text:print-time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-382">7.5.7</a> and <em>&lt;text:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-416">7.3.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:time-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>timeOrDateTime</em> <a
href="#datatype-timeOrDateTime">18.3.36</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texttitle-1"><span id="anchor-4263"></span><span
id="anchor-755"></span>text:title</h2>
<p>The <em>text:title</em> attribute specifies a title for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:title</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:title</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texttrack-changes"><span id="anchor-4264"></span><span
id="anchor-483"></span>text:track-changes</h2>
<p>The <em>text:track-changes</em> attribute specifies whether changes
to the document should be tracked and recorded.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:track-changes</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: changes are not tracked.</li>
<li>true: changes are tracked.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:track-changes</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:tracked-changes&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-136">5.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:track-changes</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="texturl"><span id="anchor-4265"></span><span
id="anchor-756"></span>text:url</h2>
<p>The <em>text:url</em> attribute specifies an IRI for a bibliography
index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:url</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:url</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-caption"><span id="anchor-4266"></span><span
id="anchor-789"></span>text:use-caption</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-caption</em> attribute specifies whether captions or
names of illustrations or tables are used for an index. </p>
<p>The defined values of the <em>text:use-caption</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: illustration or table names are used for an index.</li>
<li>true: illustration or table captions are used for an index.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-caption</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;text:illustration-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-785">8.4.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:table-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-794">8.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-caption</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-chart-objects"><span id="anchor-4267"></span><span
id="anchor-802"></span>text:use-chart-objects</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-chart-objects</em> attribute specifies whether to
include embedded chart objects in an index of objects. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-chart-objects</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: object is not included in index of objects.</li>
<li>true: object is included in index of objects.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-chart-objects</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-chart-objects</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-draw-objects"><span id="anchor-4268"></span><span
id="anchor-803"></span>text:use-draw-objects</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-draw-objects</em> attributes specifies whether
embedded draw objects (defined by <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a> elements) will be included in an index of
objects. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-draw-objects</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: draw objects not included in an index of objects.</li>
<li>true: draw objects included in an index of objects.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-draw-objects</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-draw-objects</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-floating-frames"><span id="anchor-4269"></span><span
id="anchor-814"></span>text:use-floating-frames</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-floating-frames</em> attribute specifies whether
text boxes will be included in user-defined indexes. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-floating-frames</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text boxes not included in user-defined indexes.</li>
<li>true: text boxes included in user-defined indexes.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-floating-frames</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-floating-frames</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-graphics"><span id="anchor-4270"></span><span
id="anchor-815"></span>text:use-graphics</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-graphics</em> attribute specifies whether graphics
are include in user-defined indexes. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-graphics</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: graphics are not included in user-defined indexes.</li>
<li>true: graphics are included in user-defined indexes.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-graphics</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-graphics</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-index-marks"><span id="anchor-4271"></span><span
id="anchor-769"></span>text:use-index-marks</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-index-marks</em> attribute specifies whether table
of contents index marks are used to generate index entries. The
<em>text:outline-level</em> <a href="#anchor-320">19.850</a> attribute
specifies up to which level index marks are being included.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-index-marks</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: table of contents does not include entries generated from
table of contents index marks.</li>
<li>true: table of contents does include entries generated from table of
contents index marks.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a> element the default value for this
attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-index-marks</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-index-marks</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-index-source-styles"><span id="anchor-4272"></span><span
id="anchor-770"></span>text:use-index-source-styles</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-index-source-styles</em> attribute specifies whether
index entries are generated for paragraphs formatted using the paragraph
styles listed in the <em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:outline-level</em> <a href="#anchor-320">19.850</a>
attribute specifies up to which level index source styles are being
included. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-index-source-styles</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: index entries are not generated for paragraphs formatted
using the paragraph styles listed in a
<em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em> element.</li>
<li>true: index entries are generated for paragraphs formatted using the
paragraph styles listed in a <em>&lt;text:index-source-styles&gt;</em>
element.</li>
</ul>
<p>For a <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a> element the default value for this
attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-index-source-styles</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-index-source-styles</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-keys-as-entries"><span id="anchor-4273"></span><span
id="anchor-837"></span>text:use-keys-as-entries</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-keys-as-entries</em> attribute specifies the use of
the up to two keys for an index mark as entries in the index. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-keys-as-entries</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: additional keys are used as sub-entries.</li>
<li>true: additional keys are used as additional entries.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-keys-as-entries</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-822">8.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-keys-as-entries</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-math-objects"><span id="anchor-4274"></span><span
id="anchor-804"></span>text:use-math-objects</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-math-objects</em> attribute specifies whether
embedded math objects are included in an index of objects. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-math-objects</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: math objects are not included in an index of objects.</li>
<li>true: math objects are included in an index of objects.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-math-objects</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-math-objects</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-objects"><span id="anchor-4275"></span><span
id="anchor-816"></span>text:use-objects</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-objects</em> attribute specifies whether an object
is included in a user-defined index. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-objects</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: objects are not included in a user define index.</li>
<li>true: objects are included in a user-defined index.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-objects</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-objects</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-other-objects"><span id="anchor-4276"></span><span
id="anchor-805"></span>text:use-other-objects</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-other-objects</em> attribute specifies whether other
embedded objects are included in an index of objects. Other objects are
those not covered by <em>text:use-chart-objects <a
href="#anchor-802">19.892</a></em>, <em>text:use-draw-objects <a
href="#anchor-803">19.893</a></em>, <em>text:use-math-objects <a
href="#anchor-804">19.899</a></em>, and <em>text:use-spreadsheet-objects
<a href="#anchor-806">19.904</a></em> attributes. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-other-objects</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: other objects are not included in an index of objects.</li>
<li>true: other objects are included in an index of objects.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-other-objects</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-other-objects</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-outline-level"><span id="anchor-4277"></span><span
id="anchor-771"></span>text:use-outline-level</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-outline-level</em> attribute specifies whether
headings are used to generate index entries. The
<em>text:outline-level</em> attribute specifies up to which level
headings are being included. <a href="#anchor-320">19.850</a></p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-outline-level</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: table of contents does not include entries generated from
headings.</li>
<li>true: table of contents does include entries generated from
headings.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-outline-level</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:table-of-content-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-765">8.3.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-outline-level</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-soft-page-breaks"><span id="anchor-4278"></span><span
id="anchor-88"></span>text:use-soft-page-breaks</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-soft-page-breaks</em> attribute specifies whether a
document contains soft page breaks.</p>
<p>A soft page break is a page break that has been included in a
document by a page-oriented consumer at a position where the document
itself does not include a page break as defined by
<em>fo:break-after</em> <a href="#anchor-2482">20.185</a> or
<em>fo:break-before</em> <a href="#anchor-2482">20.185</a>. </p>
<p>Soft page breaks are specified by the
<em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>OpenDocument producers need not
produce<em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> elements. They may include
them if they have computed a paginated layout. Consumers may handle the
element while computing the layout, but it shall not depend on its
existence. Soft page breaks are only defined for text documents.</p>
<p>Producers that store soft page breaks shall indicate this by setting
the <em>text:use-soft-page-breaks</em> attribute to true. Producers that
do not store soft page breaks shall indicate that by omitting this
attribute, or by setting it to false.</p>
<p>A producer that does not support pagination and soft page-breaks and
that modifies an OpenDocument file, which includes soft page-breaks,
shall set the <em>text:use-soft-page-breaks</em> attribute to false (or
remove it). It should also remove the
<em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> elements from the document.</p>
<p>Producers that compute a paginated layout of a document should
provide a facility for the export of soft page breaks for the purposes
of consistent page breaks and for conversion to talking book formats (
<span class="citation" data-cites="DAISY">[DAISY]</span>).</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> elements that appear within
table rows, the maximum number of <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em>
elements that appear within the single table cells determines the number
of page breaks that appear within the table row. The
<em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> elements contained in each cell
determine the positions where these page breaks appear within the cell
content.</p>
<p>When <em>&lt;text:soft-page-break&gt;</em> elements appear within
text boxes and other content displayed outside the text flow, they do
not start a new page, but only indicate where the text-box's content
breaks between two pages.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-soft-page-breaks</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: soft page breaks not supported.</li>
<li>true: soft page breaks supported.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-soft-page-breaks</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;office:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-30">3.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-soft-page-breaks</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-spreadsheet-objects"><span id="anchor-4279"></span><span
id="anchor-806"></span>text:use-spreadsheet-objects</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-spreadsheet-objects</em> attribute specifies whether
embedded spreadsheet objects will appear in an object index. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-spreadsheet-objects</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: spreadsheet objects do not appear in an object index.</li>
<li>true: spreadsheet objects do appear in an object index.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-spreadsheet-objects</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;text:object-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-800">8.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-spreadsheet-objects</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textuse-tables"><span id="anchor-4280"></span><span
id="anchor-817"></span>text:use-tables</h2>
<p>The <em>text:use-tables</em> attribute specifies whether tables will
appear in a user-defined index. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:use-tables</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: tables will not appear in a user-defined index.</li>
<li>true: tables will appear in a user-defined index.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-tables</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:user-index-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-811">8.7.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:use-tables</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textvalue"><span id="anchor-4281"></span><span
id="anchor-632"></span>text:value</h2>
<h3 id="general-109"><span id="anchor-4282"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>text:value</em> attribute specifies a value.</p>
<h3 id="textlabel-2"><span id="anchor-4283"></span><span
id="attribute-text:value_element-text:label"></span>&lt;text:label&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:value</em> attribute specifies the text of a
<em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>text:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-629">7.4.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:value</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textdatabase-row-number-1"><span id="anchor-4284"></span><span
id="attribute-text:value_element-text:database-row-number"></span>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>text:value</em> attribute specifies the current row number
for a <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em> element. The number
changes when new data is added to the current document.</p>
<p>The <em>text:value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:database-row-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-349">7.6.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textvisited-style-name"><span id="anchor-4285"></span><span
id="anchor-529"></span>text:visited-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>text:visited-style-name</em> attribute specifies a style for
a hyperlink that has been visited. </p>
<p>The <em>text:visited-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:visited-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textvolume"><span id="anchor-4286"></span><span
id="anchor-757"></span>text:volume</h2>
<p>The <em>text:volume</em> attribute specifies a volume for a
bibliography index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:volume</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:volume</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textyear"><span id="anchor-4287"></span><span
id="anchor-758"></span>text:year</h2>
<p>The <em>text:year</em> attribute specifies a year for a bibliography
index entry.</p>
<p>The <em>text:year</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:bibliography-mark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-335">8.1.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:year</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xformsbind"><span id="anchor-4288"></span><span
id="anchor-1834"></span>xforms:bind</h2>
<p>The <em>xforms:bind</em> attribute specifies the binding of an
OpenDocument control to an XForm form.</p>
<p>With OpenDocument form buttons, the bind attribute refers to a
<em>form:xform-submission</em> <a href="#anchor-1879">19.319</a>
attribute with the given ID. Pushing the button causes the appropriate
XForms submission action to be performed. </p>
<p>Note: OpenDocument form button controls are:
<em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, and,
<em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>.</p>
<p>With OpenDocument form non-button controls, the <em>xforms:bind</em>
attribute refers to an &lt;xforms:bind&gt; element with the given ID.
Any such bound control reads and writes its data as determined by the
appropriate bind element.</p>
<p>Note: OpenDocument form non-button controls are:
<em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>,
<em>&lt;form:column&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1820">13.5.23</a>,
<em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>,
<em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>,
<em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>,
<em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>,
<em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1317">13.5.25</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1860">13.5.12</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:option&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1867">13.5.14</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>,<em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>, and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xforms:bind</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>, <em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>, <em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>, <em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>, <em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>, <em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>, <em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1317">13.5.25</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a> and <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xforms:bind</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xhtmlabout"><span id="anchor-4289"></span><span
id="anchor-225"></span>xhtml:about</h2>
<p>The <em>xhtml:about</em> attribute specifies the subject of an RDF
statement for in-content metadata. Predicates for RDF statements are
specified by the <em>xhtml:property</em> attribute. <a
href="#anchor-226">19.914</a></p>
<p>The RDF statement's object is specified by the <em>xhtml:content</em>
<a href="#anchor-227">19.912</a> attribute, if present, or it is</p>
<ul>
<li>the literal content between a pair of &lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;
and &lt;text:bookmark-end&gt; elements that are paired by the values of
their <em>text:name</em> attributes. <a href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>,
<a href="#anchor-337">6.2.1.4</a></li>
<li>for elements other than <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;text:bookmark-end&gt;</em>, the literal content of the element
containing an <em>xhtml:about</em> attribute. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>xhtml:datatype</em> attribute provides the data type of the
RDF object. <a href="#anchor-228">19.913</a></p>
<p>The <em>xhtml:about</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xhtml:about</em> attribute has the data type
<em>URIorSafeCURIE</em> <a
href="#datatype-URIorSafeCURIE">18.3.37</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xhtmlcontent"><span id="anchor-4290"></span><span
id="anchor-227"></span>xhtml:content</h2>
<p>The <em>xhtml:content</em> attribute specifies an object of an RDF
statement for in-content metadata. <a href="#anchor-225">19.911</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xhtml:content</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xhtml:content</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xhtmldatatype"><span id="anchor-4291"></span><span
id="anchor-228"></span>xhtml:datatype</h2>
<p>The <em>xhtml:datatype</em> attribute specifies the RDF data type
(see §5 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RDF-CONCEPTS">[RDF-CONCEPTS]</span>) of the object of an RDF
statement. </p>
<p>The <em>xhtml:datatype</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xhtml:datatype</em> attribute has the data type
<em>CURIE</em> <a href="#datatype-CURIE">18.3.12</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xhtmlproperty"><span id="anchor-4292"></span><span
id="anchor-226"></span>xhtml:property</h2>
<p>The <em>xhtml:property</em> attribute specifies a list of one or more
CURIEs. Each CURIE is the predicate of an RDF statement for in
content-metadata. <a href="#anchor-225">19.911</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xhtml:property</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a> and <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xhtml:property</em> attribute has the data type
<em>CURIEs</em> <a href="#datatype-CURIEs">18.3.13</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xlinkactuate"><span id="anchor-4293"></span><span
id="anchor-260"></span>xlink:actuate</h2>
<p>See §5.6.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XLink">[XLink]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:actuate</em> attribute has the value onRequest for the
following elements: <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>, <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1635">12.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>, <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-82">4.3.2.12</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2125">16.27</a>, <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2129">16.26</a>, <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:actuate</em> attribute has the value onLoad for the
following elements: <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>, <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>, <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a>, <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a> and
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a>.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1635">12.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>, <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-82">4.3.2.12</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2125">16.27</a>, <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2129">16.26</a>, <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a> and <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a> elements the default value for this
attribute is onRequest.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>,
<em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a>,
<em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>
and <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a> elements the default value for this
attribute is onLoad.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:actuate</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>, <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1635">12.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>, <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>, <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a>, <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-82">4.3.2.12</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>, <em>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2125">16.27</a>, <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2129">16.26</a>, <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a> and
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xlinkhref"><span id="anchor-4294"></span><span
id="anchor-261"></span>xlink:href</h2>
<h3 id="general-110"><span id="anchor-4295"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> <a href="#anchor-261">19.916</a> attribute
specifies a remote resource. Its data type is <em>anyIRI</em>. See §5.4
of <span class="citation" data-cites="XLink">[XLink]</span>.</p>
<h3 id="animaudio-1"><span id="anchor-4296"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-anim:audio"></span>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies an audio stream.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartchart-3"><span id="anchor-4297"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-chart:chart"></span>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute at the <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em>
element specifies the document which provides the data for a chart. The
following values are supported:</p>
<ul>
<li> "."(U+002E, FULL STOP): The data is provided by the chart document
itself. It is taken from the <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a> element inside the
<em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> element.</li>
<li>".."(U+002E, FULL STOP followed by U+002E, FULL STOP): The data is
provided by the document into which the chart is embedded. This is only
supported if the chart is embedded into another document.</li>
<li>A relative IRI: The data is provided by an embedded object
referenced by the IRI. This embedded object shall be within the same
package as the chart itself.</li>
</ul>
<p>All cell range addresses that are specified within a chart are
relative to the document referenced by the <em>xlink:href</em>
attribute.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> element, if the
<em>xlink:href</em> attribute is omitted, its value is assumed to be
“..” (U+002E, FULL STOP followed by U+002E, FULL STOP).</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="chartsymbol-image-1"><span id="anchor-4298"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-chart:symbol-image"></span>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a file containing an
image.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2800">17.23</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbcomponent-2"><span id="anchor-4299"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-db:component"></span>&lt;db:component&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a form or report
document.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbconnection-resource-1"><span id="anchor-4300"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-db:connection-resource"></span>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies either a database, or
database connection data encoded as an IRI.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1635">12.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="dbfile-based-database-1"><span id="anchor-4301"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-db:file-based-database"></span>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the location of a file
that defines a database. If a database consists of multiple files of
different types which all are required for it to be operational,
<em>xlink:href</em> points to one of those files which defines the
database as a whole.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1639">12.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawa-2"><span id="anchor-4302"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:a"></span>&lt;draw:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a target location for the
hyperlink.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawapplet"><span id="anchor-4303"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:applet"></span>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the base IRI for an
applet.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> element the default value for this
attribute is an empty string. </p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-circle-5"><span id="anchor-4304"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:area-circle"></span>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a target location for the
hyperlink.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-polygon-6"><span id="anchor-4305"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:area-polygon"></span>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a target location for the
hyperlink.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawarea-rectangle-6"><span id="anchor-4306"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:area-rectangle"></span>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a target location for the
hyperlink.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawfill-image-5"><span id="anchor-4307"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:fill-image"></span>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a file containing an
image.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawfloating-frame-1"><span id="anchor-4308"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:floating-frame"></span>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the source of a floating
frame.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawimage-1"><span id="anchor-4309"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:image"></span>&lt;draw:image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a file containing an
image.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawobject-2"><span id="anchor-4310"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:object"></span>&lt;draw:object&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the location of an
embedded object.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawobject-ole-1"><span id="anchor-4311"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:object-ole"></span>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the location of an
embedded object.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="drawplugin-1"><span id="anchor-4312"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-draw:plugin"></span>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the source of a
plugin.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formbutton-2"><span id="anchor-4313"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-form:button"></span>&lt;form:button&gt;</h3>
<p> The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a resource that is
loaded if a button is operated.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formconnection-resource-1"><span id="anchor-4314"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-form:connection-resource"></span>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies either a database, or
database connection encoded as an IRI. </p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-form:connection-resource">7.6.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formimage-1"><span id="anchor-4315"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-form:image"></span>&lt;form:image&gt;</h3>
<p> The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a resource that is
loaded if a button is operated.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="formform-1"><span id="anchor-4316"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-form:form"></span>&lt;form:form&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the processing agent for
a form.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="metaauto-reload-1"><span id="anchor-4317"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-meta:auto-reload"></span>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the IRI of a replacement
document.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="metatemplate-1"><span id="anchor-4318"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-meta:template"></span>&lt;meta:template&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the location of a
document template.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-82">4.3.2.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationevent-listener-1"><span
id="anchor-4319"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-presentation:event-listener"></span>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies either a document
bookmark or an application depending on the action selected by the
<em>presentation:action</em> <a href="#anchor-1516">19.391</a>
attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="presentationsound-1"><span id="anchor-4320"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-presentation:sound"></span>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies a sound that is played
when an effect is executed.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="scriptevent-listener-1"><span id="anchor-4321"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-script:event-listener"></span>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies macro code that should be
called for an event. The IRI may have any protocol. The interpretation
of the IRI is script-language-dependent.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="stylebackground-image-2"><span id="anchor-4322"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-style:background-image"></span>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies an image.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svgdefinition-src-1"><span id="anchor-4323"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-svg:definition-src"></span>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</h3>
<p>See § 20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2125">16.27</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="svgfont-face-uri-1"><span id="anchor-4324"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-svg:font-face-uri"></span>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</h3>
<p>See § 20.8.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2129">16.26</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tablecell-range-source-2"><span id="anchor-4325"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-table:cell-range-source"></span>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies an IRI for a document
containing a source table.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="tabletable-source-1"><span id="anchor-4326"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-table:table-source"></span>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies an IRI of a document
containing a source table.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="texta-3"><span id="anchor-4327"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-text:a"></span>&lt;text:a&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the target location of a
hyperlink.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textalphabetical-index-auto-mark-file-1"><span
id="anchor-4328"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file"></span>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the location of an
alphabetical index mark file that contains a list of terms.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textlist-level-style-image-1"><span
id="anchor-4329"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-text:list-level-style-image"></span>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies an image.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textscript-1"><span id="anchor-4330"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-text:script"></span>&lt;text:script&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the location script
source code.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="textsection-source-1"><span id="anchor-4331"></span><span
id="attribute-xlink:href_element-text:section-source"></span>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute specifies the document or document
fragment to which a section is linked. If the IRI contains a fragment
identifier, and if the referenced document is an OpenDocument document,
the fragment identifier should be interpreted as the name of a section
to which a section is linked. A fragment identifier should be ignored if
a <em>text:section-name</em> <a href="#anchor-478">19.867</a> attribute
is present. </p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-475">5.4.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:href</em> attribute has the data type <em>anyIRI</em>
<a href="#datatype-anyIRI">18.3.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xlinkshow"><span id="anchor-4332"></span><span
id="anchor-266"></span>xlink:show</h2>
<p>See §5.6.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XLink">[XLink]</span>.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a> element the value for this attribute is
replace.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a> and <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-475">5.4.2</a> elements the value for this attribute is
embed.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>,
<em>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-77">4.3.2.14</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a> and
<em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a> elements the
supported values for this attribute are new or replace.</p>
<p>For a <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a> element the default value for this
attribute is replace.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a> and <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-475">5.4.2</a> elements the default value for this
attribute is embed.</p>
<p>For <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1635">12.7</a> the default value for this attribute is
none.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:show</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>, <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1635">12.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>, <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>, <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a>,
<em>&lt;meta:hyperlink-behaviour&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-77">4.3.2.14</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a> and <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-475">5.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xlinktitle"><span id="anchor-4333"></span><span
id="anchor-262"></span>xlink:title</h2>
<p>The <em>xlink:title</em> attribute specifies a title to be associated
with a document template.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:title</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-82">4.3.2.12</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:title</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xlinktype"><span id="anchor-4334"></span><span
id="anchor-263"></span>xlink:type</h2>
<p>See §3.2 <span id="anchor-4335"></span>of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XLink">[XLink]</span>. This attribute always has the value
simple in OpenDocument document instances. </p>
<p>For <em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1635">12.7</a>, <em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1639">12.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>, <em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>, <em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>, <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>, <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a>, <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-82">4.3.2.12</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>, <em>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2125">16.27</a>, <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2129">16.26</a>, <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a>, <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a> and <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-475">5.4.2</a> elements the default value for this
attribute is simple.</p>
<p>The <em>xlink:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>,
<em>&lt;db:component&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-45">12.25.5</a>,
<em>&lt;db:connection-resource&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1635">12.7</a>,
<em>&lt;db:file-based-database&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1639">12.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1303">10.4.13.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1304">10.4.13.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:area-rectangle&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1305">10.4.13.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a>, <em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>, <em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>, <em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>, <em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>, <em>&lt;form:form&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-667">13.3</a>, <em>&lt;meta:auto-reload&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-71">4.3.2.13</a>, <em>&lt;meta:template&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-82">4.3.2.12</a>,
<em>&lt;presentation:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1329">10.9.2</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;script:event-listener&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1330">14.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a>, <em>&lt;svg:definition-src&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2125">16.27</a>, <em>&lt;svg:font-face-uri&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2129">16.26</a>, <em>&lt;table:cell-range-source&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-906">9.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-891">9.2.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a>,
<em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index-auto-mark-file&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-118">8.8.3</a>,
<em>&lt;text:list-level-style-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1356">16.35</a>, <em>&lt;text:script&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-390">7.7.9</a> and <em>&lt;text:section-source&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-475">5.4.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="xmlid"><span id="anchor-4336"></span><span
id="anchor-324"></span>xml:id</h2>
<p>See <span class="citation" data-cites="XML-ID">[XML-ID]</span>. </p>
<p>The <em>xml:id</em> attribute is usable with the following elements:
<em>&lt;anim:audio&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1222">15.5</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:command&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1223">15.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:iterate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1224">15.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-153">11.1</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>,
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:cube&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1403">10.5.4</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:extrude&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1404">10.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:rotate&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1406">10.5.7</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;dr3d:sphere&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1407">10.5.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:floating-frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1340">10.4.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:object&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-46">10.4.6.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:object-ole&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1342">10.4.6.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:plugin&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1343">10.4.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a>,
<em>&lt;form:button&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1309">13.5.15</a>,
<em>&lt;form:checkbox&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1310">13.5.17</a>,
<em>&lt;form:combobox&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1311">13.5.11</a>,
<em>&lt;form:date&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1312">13.5.8</a>,
<em>&lt;form:file&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1313">13.5.5</a>,
<em>&lt;form:fixed-text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1314">13.5.10</a>,
<em>&lt;form:formatted-text&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1315">13.5.6</a>,
<em>&lt;form:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1316">13.5.19</a>,
<em>&lt;form:generic-control&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1317">13.5.25</a>, <em>&lt;form:grid&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1318">13.5.22</a>, <em>&lt;form:hidden&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1319">13.5.21</a>, <em>&lt;form:image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1320">13.5.16</a>, <em>&lt;form:image-frame&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1321">13.5.20</a>, <em>&lt;form:listbox&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1322">13.5.13</a>, <em>&lt;form:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1323">13.5.7</a>, <em>&lt;form:password&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1324">13.5.4</a>, <em>&lt;form:radio&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1325">13.5.18</a>, <em>&lt;form:text&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1326">13.5.2</a>, <em>&lt;form:textarea&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-439">13.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;form:time&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1327">13.5.9</a>, <em>&lt;form:value-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1328">13.5.24</a>, <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>, <em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>,
<em>&lt;table:covered-table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a>, <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-column&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-886">9.1.6</a>, <em>&lt;table:table-row&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-890">9.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:alphabetical-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-117">8.8</a>, <em>&lt;text:bibliography&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-119">8.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-336">6.2.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:bookmark-start&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-339">6.2.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:changed-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-484">5.5.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:h&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-124">5.1.2</a>, <em>&lt;text:illustration-index&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-125">8.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:index-title&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-312">8.2.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-126">5.3.1</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-header&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-313">5.3.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:list-item&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-314">5.3.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-367">6.1.9</a>, <em>&lt;text:meta-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-238">7.5.19</a>, <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:object-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-128">8.6</a>, <em>&lt;text:p&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-129">5.1.3</a>, <em>&lt;text:section&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-131">5.4</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-134">8.5</a>, <em>&lt;text:table-of-content&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-135">8.3</a> and <em>&lt;text:user-index&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-138">8.7</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>xml:id</em> attribute has the data type <em>ID</em> <a
href="#datatype-ID">18.2</a>.</p>
<h1 id="formatting-attributes"><span id="anchor-4337"></span>Formatting
Attributes</h1>
<h2 id="general-111"><span id="anchor-4338"></span>General</h2>
<p>In an OpenDocument Format document, &lt;style:*-properties&gt;
elements contain the definitions of formatting that is associated with
document structure elements. Formatting definitions are expressed as
attributes on the &lt;style:*-properties&gt; elements or as child
elements of these elements. This chapter defines formatting properties
that are represented by attributes. Formatting properties that are
represented by elements are defined in chapter <a
href="#anchor-2409">17</a>. </p>
<h2 id="chartangle-offset"><span id="anchor-4339"></span><span
id="anchor-2727"></span>chart:angle-offset</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:angle-offset</em> attribute specifies a
counter-clockwise rotation of a polar coordinate in a circle, ring or
polar chart. The attribute value is an angle. See <span
id="anchor-4340"></span><a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>. The
default value is 90deg.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:angle-offset</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:angle-offset</em> attribute has the data type
<em>angle</em> <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartauto-position"><span id="anchor-4341"></span><span
id="anchor-2728"></span>chart:auto-position</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:auto-position</em> attribute specifies if an object
should be positioned automatically. </p>
<p>The default value is true if <em>svg:x <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a></em> and <em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a> attributes are not specified. It is false
if the <em>svg:x</em> and <em>svg:y</em> attributes are specified. </p>
<p>The <em>chart:auto-position</em> attribute is evaluated for chart
styles applied to elements that may have <em>svg:x</em> and
<em>svg:y</em> attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:auto-position</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: <em>svg:x</em> and <em>svg:y</em> attribute values are used
to position an object.</li>
<li>true: <em>svg:x</em> and <em>svg:y</em> attribute values are
ignored, and the consumer chooses a position.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:auto-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:auto-position</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartauto-size"><span id="anchor-4342"></span><span
id="anchor-2729"></span>chart:auto-size</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:auto-size</em> attribute specifies if the size of an
object should be chosen automatically. </p>
<p>The default value is true if <em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a> and <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a> attributes are not specified. It is false
if the <em>svg:width</em> and <em>svg:height</em> attributes are
specified.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:auto-size</em> attribute is evaluated for chart styles
applied to elements that have <em>svg:width</em> and <em>svg:height</em>
attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:auto-size</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: <em>svg:width</em> and <em>svg:height</em> attribute values
are used to size an object.</li>
<li>true: <em>svg:width</em> and <em>svg:height</em> attribute values
are ignored, and the consumer chooses a size.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:auto-size</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:auto-size</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartaxis-label-position"><span id="anchor-4343"></span><span
id="anchor-2730"></span>chart:axis-label-position</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:axis-label-position</em> attribute specifies the
position of the axis labels.</p>
<p><span id="anchor-4344"></span><span id="anchor-4345"></span>The
defined values for the <em>chart:axis-label-position</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>near-axis: labels are placed adjacent to the axis line. On which
side of the line the labels are placed depends on the
<em>chart:axis-position</em> <a href="#anchor-2731">20.6</a> attribute.
If the <em>chart:axis-position</em> attribute has the value start or
end, the labels are placed outside the coordinate system. Otherwise, the
labels are placed adjacent to the axis on the side that belongs to the
lower values on the crossing axis.<span id="anchor-4346"></span><span
id="anchor-4347"></span></li>
<li>near-axis-other-side: labels are placed adjacent to the axis on the
opposite side as for near-axis.<span id="anchor-4348"></span><span
id="anchor-4349"></span></li>
<li>outside-end: labels are placed outside the coordinate region on that
side where the crossing axis has its maximum value.</li>
<li><span id="anchor-4350"></span><span
id="anchor-4351"></span>outside-start: labels are placed outside the
coordinate region on that side where the crossing axis has its minimum
value.</li>
</ul>
<p>If the <em>chart:axis-label-position</em> attribute is missing but a
<em>chart:axis-position</em> attribute is given, the value of the
<em>chart:axis-label-position</em> attribute is assumed to be
near-axis.<span id="anchor-4352"></span><span
id="anchor-4353"></span></p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:axis-label-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:axis-label-position</em> attribute are
near-axis, near-axis-other-side, outside-start or outside-end.</p>
<h2 id="chartaxis-position"><span id="anchor-4354"></span><span
id="anchor-2731"></span>chart:axis-position</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:axis-position</em> attribute specifies the position of
the axis line on the scale of the crossing axis.<span
id="anchor-4355"></span><span id="anchor-4356"></span></p>
<p>If the attribute is set for a y-axis, the position indicates a value
on the scale of the first x-axis.<span id="anchor-4357"></span><span
id="anchor-4358"></span></p>
<p>If the attribute is set for an x-axis, the position indicates a value
on the scale of the first y-axis.<span id="anchor-4359"></span><span
id="anchor-4360"></span></p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.
</p>
<p><span id="anchor-4361"></span><span id="anchor-4362"></span>The
defined values for the <em>chart:axis-position</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>end: axis line is placed at the end of the crossing axis<span
id="anchor-4363"></span><span id="anchor-4364"></span>.</li>
<li>start: axis line is placed at the start of the crossing axis<span
id="anchor-4365"></span><span id="anchor-4366"></span>.</li>
<li>a value of type double: axis line is placed at the given value on
the crossing axis. If the crossing axis is an axis displaying categories
rather than values, a value of 1 indicates that the axis should be
placed at the first category, a value of 2 indicates that the axis
should be placed at the second category and so forth.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:axis-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:axis-position</em> attribute are start,
end or a value of type <em>double</em> <a
href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartconnect-bars"><span id="anchor-4367"></span><span
id="anchor-2732"></span>chart:connect-bars</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:connect-bars</em> attribute specifies if bars in a bar
chart that belong to the same series are connected by lines.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:connect-bars</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: bars belonging to the same series are not connected by
lines.</li>
<li>true: bars belonging to the same series are connected by lines.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:connect-bars</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:connect-bars</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartdata-label-number"><span id="anchor-4368"></span><span
id="anchor-2733"></span>chart:data-label-number</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:data-label-number</em> attribute specifies whether the
value or the percentage of a data point or both, should be displayed
within a data label. By default, neither the value nor a percentage is
displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:data-label-number</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>none: neither the value nor the percentage should be displayed.</li>
<li>percentage: only the percentage value should be displayed.</li>
<li>value: only the value should be displayed within the data
label.</li>
<li>value-and-percentage: both the value and the percentage should be
displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt; <a href="#anchor-432">11.15</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt; <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> or
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>
attribute can be used together with this attribute to indicate which
number format should be used to display the value.</p>
<p>The <em>style:percentage-data-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2020">19.511</a> attribute can be used together with this
attribute to indicate which number format should be used to display the
percentage value.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:data-label-number</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:data-label-number</em> attribute are
none, value, percentage or value-and-percentage.</p>
<h2 id="chartdata-label-series"><span id="anchor-4369"></span><span
id="anchor-2734"></span>chart:data-label-series</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:data-label-series</em> attribute determines whether or
not to display the series name of the corresponding series in the data
label.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:data-label series</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: no series name is displayed on data label.</li>
<li>true: series name is displayed on data label.</li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt; <a href="#anchor-432">11.15</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt; <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> or
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:data-label-series</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:data-label-series</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartdata-label-symbol"><span id="anchor-4370"></span><span
id="anchor-2735"></span>chart:data-label-symbol</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:data-label-symbol</em> attribute specifies whether to
display a legend symbol within the data label of a data point.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt; <a href="#anchor-432">11.15</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt; <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> or
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
elements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:data-label-symbol</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: a legend symbol is not displayed within the data label of a
data point.</li>
<li>true: a legend symbol is displayed within the data label of a data
point.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:data-label-symbol</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:data-label-symbol</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartdata-label-text"><span id="anchor-4371"></span><span
id="anchor-2736"></span>chart:data-label-text</h2>
<p>The <span
id="chart:data-label-text"></span><em>chart:data-label-text</em>
attribute specifies whether to display the category within the data
label of a data point.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to
<em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt; <a href="#anchor-432">11.15</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt; <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a></em>, a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> or a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
elements.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:data-label-text</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: a category is not displayed within the data label of a data
point.</li>
<li>true: a category is displayed within the data label of a data
point.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:data-label-text</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:data-label-text</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartdeep"><span id="anchor-4372"></span><span
id="anchor-2737"></span>chart:deep</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:deep</em> attribute specifies whether data series are
displayed behind each other along the z-axis or not. The
<em>chart:deep</em> attribute is ignored unless a
<em>chart:three-dimensional <a href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a></em>
attribute is present and has the value true. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:deep</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: data series are not displayed behind each other along the
z-axis.</li>
<li>true: data series are displayed behind each other along the z-axis.
The z-axis displays the name of the series.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:deep</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:deep</em> attribute has the data type <em>boolean</em>
<a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartdisplay-label"><span id="anchor-4373"></span><span
id="anchor-2738"></span>chart:display-label</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:display-label</em> attribute specifies whether labels
are displayed on an axis or not. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The labels controlled by <em>chart:display-label</em> attribute
appear on an axis as opposed to being labels for the axis.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:display-label</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: labels are not displayed on an axis.</li>
<li>true: labels are displayed on an axis.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:display-label</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:display-label</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charterror-category"><span id="anchor-4374"></span><span
id="anchor-2739"></span>chart:error-category</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:error-category</em> attribute is used to determine
which function is used to calculate error indicators at data points. By
default, no error indicators are shown. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:error-category</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>cell-range: Use values from cell ranges for positive and negative
error indicators. The <em>chart:error-lower-range</em> <a
href="#anchor-2742">20.17</a> and <em>chart:error-upper-range</em> <a
href="#anchor-2747">20.22</a> attributes determine the cell ranges which
contain the values to be used for negative and positive error
indicators.</li>
<li>constant: Use fixed absolute values for both directions: positive
and negative The absolute value for a positive direction is given with
<em>chart:error-upper-limit</em> attribute. The absolute value for a
negative direction is given with <em>chart:error-lower-limit</em>
attribute.</li>
<li>error-margin: Use a fixed percentage of the largest value – this is
called error-margin. The percentage value is given within
<em>chart:error-margin</em> <a href="#anchor-2743">20.18</a>
attribute.</li>
<li>none: No error indicators are shown.</li>
<li>percentage: Use a fixed percentage of each value The percentage
value is given within <em>chart:error-percentage</em> <a
href="#anchor-2744">20.19</a> attribute.</li>
<li>standard-deviation: Standard deviation of the values of a series
assuming an equal distribution.</li>
<li>standard-error: Standard error (standard deviation of the mean) of
the values of a series.</li>
<li>variance: Variance of the values of a series assuming an equal
distribution.</li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to
<em>&lt;chart:error-indicator&gt; <a href="#anchor-1606">11.17</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt; <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a></em> or
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-category</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:error-category</em> attribute are none,
variance, standard-deviation, percentage, error-margin, constant,
standard-error or cell-range.</p>
<h2 id="charterror-lower-indicator"><span id="anchor-4375"></span><span
id="anchor-2740"></span>chart:error-lower-indicator</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:error-lower-indicator</em> attribute specifies whether
negative error indicators are displayed (the error value is subtracted
from the data point value).</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with the
<em>chart:error-category</em> <a href="#anchor-2739">20.14</a>
attribute.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:error-lower-indicator</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: negative error indicators are not displayed.</li>
<li>true: negative error indicators are displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:error-lower-indicator</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-lower-indicator</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charterror-lower-limit"><span id="anchor-4376"></span><span
id="anchor-2741"></span>chart:error-lower-limit</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:error-lower-limit</em> attribute specifies the absolute
value in the negative direction that is used to display error indicators
if a <em>chart:error-category</em> <a href="#anchor-2739">20.14</a>
attribute has the value constant. </p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-lower-limit</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-lower-limit</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charterror-lower-range"><span id="anchor-4377"></span><span
id="anchor-2742"></span>chart:error-lower-range</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:error-lower-range</em> attribute specifies the cell
range used for negative error indicators when a
<em>chart:error-category</em> <a href="#anchor-2739">20.14</a> attribute
has a value of cell-range. </p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-lower-range</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-lower-range</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charterror-margin"><span id="anchor-4378"></span><span
id="anchor-2743"></span>chart:error-margin</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:error-margin</em> attribute specifies the percentage of
the largest value in a series used in the display of error indicators
for each data point of a series.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with the
<em>chart:error-category</em> <a href="#anchor-2739">20.14</a> attribute
if it has the value error-margin.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-margin</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-margin</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charterror-percentage"><span id="anchor-4379"></span><span
id="anchor-2744"></span>chart:error-percentage</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:error-percentage</em> attribute specifies the
percentage that is used in the display of error indicators for each data
point of a series.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with a
<em>chart:error-category</em> <a href="#anchor-2739">20.14</a> attribute
if the <em>chart:error-category</em> attribute has the value
percentage.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-percentage</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-percentage</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charterror-upper-indicator"><span id="anchor-4380"></span><span
id="anchor-2745"></span>chart:error-upper-indicator</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:error-upper-indicator</em> attribute specifies whether
positive error indicators should be displayed (the error value is added
to the data point value).</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with a
<em>chart:error-category</em> <a href="#anchor-2739">20.14</a>
attribute.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:error-upper-indicator</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: positive error indicators are not displayed.</li>
<li>true: positive error indicators are displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:error-upper-indicator</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-upper-indicator</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charterror-upper-limit"><span id="anchor-4381"></span><span
id="anchor-2746"></span>chart:error-upper-limit</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:error-upper-limit</em> attribute specifies the absolute
value in the positive direction that is used to display error indicators
if the <em>chart:error-category</em> <a href="#anchor-2739">20.14</a>
attribute has the value constant. </p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with
<em>chart:error-category</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-upper-limit</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-upper-limit</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charterror-upper-range"><span id="anchor-4382"></span><span
id="anchor-2747"></span>chart:error-upper-range</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:error-upper-range</em> attribute specifies the cell
range used for positive error indicators when the
<em>chart:error-category</em> <a href="#anchor-2739">20.14</a> attribute
has the value cell-range.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-upper-range</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:error-upper-range</em> attribute has the data type
<em>cellRangeAddressList</em> <a
href="#datatype-cellRangeAddressList">18.3.6</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartgap-width"><span id="anchor-4383"></span><span
id="anchor-2748"></span>chart:gap-width</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:gap-width</em> attribute specifies a gap between
neighboring groups of bars in a bar chart (that is the distance between
the last bar in one category and the first bar in the following
category). It is specified as an integer percentage relative to the
width of a single bar.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element with
<em>chart:dimension</em> <a href="#anchor-1595">19.18</a> attribute set
to y. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> Bars attached to different axis can be arranged differently as long
as they are grouped per axis (<em>chart:group-bars-per-axis</em> <a
href="#anchor-2749">20.24</a> attribute has the value true).</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>chart:gap-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:gap-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartgroup-bars-per-axis"><span id="anchor-4384"></span><span
id="anchor-2749"></span>chart:group-bars-per-axis</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:group-bars-per-axis</em> attribute specifies whether
bars in a bar chart are displayed side by side or behind each other when
they are attached to different y-axes. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:group-bars-per-axis</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: all bars on the same x-axis are handled as one group and are
displayed side by side.</li>
<li>true: only bars attached to the same x- and y-axis are handled as
one group.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:group-bars-per-axis</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:group-bars-per-axis</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charthole-size"><span id="anchor-4385"></span><span
id="anchor-2750"></span>chart:hole-size</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:hole-size</em> attribute specifies the diameter of the
inner hole of a ring chart as a percentage of the outer diameter of the
outermost ring.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:hole-size</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:hole-size</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartinclude-hidden-cells"><span id="anchor-4386"></span><span
id="anchor-2751"></span>chart:include-hidden-cells</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:include-hidden-cells</em> attribute specifies whether
data points in hidden cells are plotted in a chart.<span
id="anchor-4387"></span><span id="anchor-4388"></span> The default is to
plot data points in hidden cells.</p>
<p>This attribute can be used in styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:include-hidden-cells</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: data points in hidden cells are not plotted in a chart.</li>
<li>true: data points in hidden cells are plotted in a chart.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:include-hidden-cells</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:include-hidden-cells</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartinterpolation"><span id="anchor-4389"></span><span
id="anchor-2752"></span>chart:interpolation</h2>
<p> The <em>chart:interpolation</em> attribute specifies interpolations
for line and scatter charts.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:interpolation</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>b-spline – B-Splines. If the <em>chart:spline-resolution</em> <a
href="#anchor-2783">20.58</a> attribute has value 1 this is identical to
the <em>chart:interpolation</em> attribute value none. If the
<em>chart:spline-resolution</em> attribute has value <span
class="math display"><em>k</em> &gt; 1</span>and the
<em>chart:spline-order</em> <a href="#anchor-2782">20.57</a> attribute
has value <em>p</em> then given a sequence of data points, a B-spline
interpolation with polynomials of degree <em>p</em> is constructed as
described here. First. we omit any consecutive repeated data points
obtaining <span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub>0</sub>, <em>y</em><sub>0</sub>), …, (<em>x</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>where
for all <span class="math display"><em>i</em> = 1,…, <em>n</em></span>,
<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em> − 1</sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em> − 1</sub>) ≠ (<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>)</span>.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>We then construct a parameter list <span
class="math display"><em>t</em><sub>0</sub>, …, <em>t</em><sub><em>n</em></sub></span>
using the centripetal method with a power of 0.5: <span
class="math display">$$t_{k} = \frac{\sum\limits_{i =
1}^{k}\sqrt[4]{{({x_{i} - x_{i - 1}})}^{2} + {({y_{i} - y_{i -
1}})}^{2}}}{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{n}\sqrt[4]{{({x_{i} - x_{i - 1}})}^{2}
+ {({y_{i} - y_{i - 1}})}^{2}}}$$</span> for <span
class="math display"><em>k</em> = 1,…, <em>n</em></span> and <span
class="math display"><em>t</em><sub>0</sub> = 0</span>.</p>
<p>Next we generate a knot vector <span
class="math display"><em>u</em><sub>0</sub>, …, <em>u</em><sub><em>m</em></sub></span>with
<span
class="math display"><em>m</em> = <em>n</em> + <em>p</em> + 1</span>:</p>
<p><span class="math display">$$\begin{matrix}
{{{u_{0} = u_{1}} = \cdots} = u_{p}} &amp; \text{=} &amp; 0 &amp; \\
u_{j + p} &amp; \text{=} &amp; {\frac{1}{p}{\sum\limits_{i = j}^{{j + p}
- 1}t_{i}}} &amp; {\text{for}{j = 1,}2,\ldots,{n - p}} \\
{{{u_{m - p} = u_{{m - p} + 1}} = \cdots} = u_{m}} &amp; \text{=} &amp;
1 &amp;
\end{matrix}$$</span></p>
<p>Now let <span
class="math display"><em>N</em><sub><em>i</em>, <em>p</em></sub>(<em>u</em>)</span>be
the B-spline basis function defined recursively by </p>
<p><span class="math display">$$\begin{matrix}
{N_{i,0}{(u)}} &amp; \text{=} &amp; \begin{Bmatrix}
1 &amp; {\text{if}{{u_{i} \leq u} &lt; u_{i + 1}}} \\
0 &amp; \text{otherwise}
\end{Bmatrix} &amp; \\
{N_{i,s}{(u)}} &amp; \text{=} &amp; {{\frac{u - u_{i}}{u_{i + s} -
u_{i}} \cdot N_{i,{s - 1}}}{{(u)} + {\frac{u_{{i + s} + 1} - u}{u_{{i +
s} + 1} - u_{i + 1}} \cdot N_{{i + 1,}{s - 1}}}}{(u)}} &amp;
{\text{for}{s &gt; 0}}
\end{matrix}$$</span></p>
<p>Let <span class="math display">$$C = \begin{bmatrix}
c_{0} &amp; d_{0} \\
c_{1} &amp; d_{1} \\
\vdots &amp; \vdots \\
c_{n} &amp; d_{n}
\end{bmatrix}$$</span> be the solution of the matrix equation <span
class="math display"><em>X</em> = <em>N</em> ⋅ <em>C</em></span> with
<span class="math display">$$N = \begin{bmatrix}
{N_{0,p}{(t_{0})}} &amp; {N_{1,p}{(t_{0})}} &amp; \cdots &amp;
{N_{n,p}{(t_{0})}} \\
{N_{0,p}{(t_{1})}} &amp; {N_{1,p}{(t_{1})}} &amp; \cdots &amp;
{N_{n,p}{(t_{1})}} \\
\vdots &amp; \vdots &amp; \ddots &amp; \vdots \\
{N_{0,p}{(t_{n})}} &amp; {N_{1,p}{(t_{n})}} &amp; \cdots &amp;
{N_{n,p}{(t_{n})}}
\end{bmatrix}$$</span>and <span class="math display">$$X =
\begin{bmatrix}
x_{0} &amp; y_{0} \\
x_{1} &amp; y_{1} \\
\vdots &amp; \vdots \\
x_{n} &amp; y_{n}
\end{bmatrix}$$</span>.</p>
<p><span
class="math display">(<em>c</em><sub>0,</sub><em>d</em><sub>0</sub>), (<em>c</em><sub>1,</sub><em>d</em><sub>1</sub>), …, (<em>c</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>d</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>are
the control points of the desired B-spline of degree <em>p</em> passing
through the data points <span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub>0</sub>, <em>y</em><sub>0</sub>), …, (<em>x</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>.</p>
<p>For <span class="math display">0 &lt; <em>u</em> &lt; 1</span> let
<span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>i</em>, <em>r</em></sub>(<em>u</em>)</span>be
recursively defined by</p>
<p><span class="math display">$$\begin{matrix}
{P_{i,0}{(u)}} &amp; \text{=} &amp; {({c_{i},d_{i}})} &amp; &amp; &amp;
&amp; \\
{P_{i,r}{(u)}} &amp; \text{=} &amp; {{{({1 - a_{i,r}})} \cdot P_{{i -
1,}{r - 1}}} + {a_{i,r} \cdot P_{i,{r - 1}}}} &amp; \text{with} &amp;
{a_{i,r} = \frac{u - u_{i}}{u_{{{i + p} - r} + 1} - u_{i}}} &amp;
\text{for} &amp; {r &gt; 0}
\end{matrix}$$</span></p>
<p>If <span class="math display">0 &lt; <em>u</em> &lt; 1</span>and
<span
class="math display"><em>u</em><sub><em>s</em></sub> &lt; <em>u</em> &lt; <em>u</em><sub><em>s</em> + 1</sub></span>,
then <span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>s</em>, <em>p</em></sub>(<em>u</em>)</span>is
the point on this B-spline corresponding to the parameter <em>u</em>. If
<span class="math display">0 &lt; <em>u</em> &lt; 1</span>and <span
class="math display"><em>u</em> = <em>u</em><sub><em>s</em></sub></span>,
then <span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>s</em> − 1,<em>p</em> − 1</sub>(<em>u</em>)</span>is
the point on this B-spline corresponding to the parameter
<em>u</em>.</p>
<p>Note: <span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>s</em>, <em>p</em></sub>(<em>u</em>)</span>
and <span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>s</em> − 1,<em>p</em> − 1</sub>(<em>u</em>)</span>
are best calculated using de Boor's algorithm for a B-spline of degree
<em>p</em> with control points <span
class="math display">(<em>c</em><sub>0,</sub><em>d</em><sub>0</sub>), (<em>c</em><sub>1,</sub><em>d</em><sub>1</sub>), …, (<em>c</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>d</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>
and knots <span
class="math display"><em>u</em><sub>0</sub>, …, <em>u</em><sub><em>m</em></sub></span>.</p>
<p>The approximation of this B-spline is then plotted by using <span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>s</em>, <em>p</em></sub>(<em>u</em>)</span>and
<span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>s</em> − 1,<em>p</em> − 1</sub>(<em>u</em>)</span>
to calculate the coordinates of the points on the spline corresponding
to the parameters:</p>
<p><span class="math display">$$\begin{matrix}
{0 = t_{0,}} &amp; {{t_{0} + {1 \cdot \frac{t_{1} - t_{0}}{k}}},} &amp;
{{t_{0} + {2 \cdot \frac{t_{1} - t_{0}}{k}}},} &amp; {\ldots,} &amp;
{{t_{0} + {k \cdot \frac{t_{1} - t_{0}}{k}}} = t_{1,}} &amp; \\
&amp; {{t_{1} + {1 \cdot \frac{t_{2} - t_{1}}{k}}},} &amp; {{t_{1} + {2
\cdot \frac{t_{2} - t_{1}}{k}}},} &amp; {\ldots,} &amp; {{t_{1} + {k
\cdot \frac{t_{2} - t_{1}}{k}}} = t_{2,}} &amp; \\
&amp; &amp; &amp; \cdots &amp; &amp; \\
&amp; {{t_{n - 1} + {1 \cdot \frac{t_{n} - t_{n - 1}}{k}}},} &amp;
{{t_{n - 1} + {2 \cdot \frac{t_{n} - t_{n - 1}}{k}}},} &amp; {\ldots,}
&amp; {{{t_{n - 1} + {k \cdot \frac{t_{n} - t_{n - 1}}{k}}} = t_{n}} =
1} &amp;
\end{matrix}$$</span></p></li>
</ul>
<p>and connecting these points with straight line segments.</p></li>
<li><p>cubic-spline – Cubic Splines. If the
<em>chart:spline-resolution</em> attribute has value 1 this is identical
to the <em>chart:interpolation</em> attribute value none. If the
<em>chart:spline-resolution</em> attribute has value <span
class="math display"><em>k</em> &gt; 1</span>then given a sequence of
data points,<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub>0</sub>, <em>y</em><sub>0</sub>), …, (<em>x</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>a
cubic spline interpolation is constructed as described here: </p>
<p>Find the unique cubic polynomials <span
class="math display"><em>f</em><sub>1</sub>, <em>f</em><sub>2</sub>, …, <em>f</em><sub><em>n</em></sub></span><span
class="math display"><em>g</em><sub>1</sub>, <em>g</em><sub>2</sub>, …, <em>g</em><sub><em>n</em></sub></span>
and such that:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>for all <span
class="math display"><em>i</em> = 1,…, <em>n</em></span>, <span
class="math display"><em>f</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>(<em>i</em>) = <em>x</em><sub><em>i</em></sub></span>and
<span
class="math display"><em>f</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>(<em>i</em> − 1) = <em>x</em><sub><em>i</em> − 1</sub></span>,</p>
<p>for all <span
class="math display"><em>i</em> = 1,…, (<em>n</em> − 1)</span>, <span
class="math display"><em>f</em><sub><em>i</em></sub><sup>′</sup>(<em>i</em>) = <em>f</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub><sup>′</sup>(<em>i</em>)</span>with
<span class="math display"><em>f</em><sup>′</sup></span>denoting the
first derivative of <em>f,</em></p>
<p>for all <span
class="math display"><em>i</em> = 1,…, (<em>n</em> − 1)</span>, <span
class="math display"><em>f</em><sub><em>i</em></sub><sup>″</sup>(<em>i</em>) = <em>f</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub><sup>″</sup>(<em>i</em>)</span>with
<span class="math display"><em>f</em><sup>″</sup></span>denoting the
second derivative of <em>f,</em></p>
<p>for all <span
class="math display"><em>i</em> = 1,…, <em>n</em></span>, <span
class="math display"><em>g</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>(<em>i</em>) = <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em></sub></span>and
<span
class="math display"><em>g</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>(<em>i</em> − 1) = <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em> − 1</sub></span>,</p>
<p>for all <span
class="math display"><em>i</em> = 1,…, (<em>n</em> − 1)</span>, <span
class="math display"><em>g</em><sub><em>i</em></sub><sup>′</sup>(<em>i</em>) = <em>g</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub><sup>′</sup>(<em>i</em>)</span>with
<span class="math display"><em>g</em><sup>′</sup></span>denoting the
first derivative of <em>g,</em></p>
<p>for all <span
class="math display"><em>i</em> = 1, …, (<em>n</em> − 1)</span>, <span
class="math display"><em>g</em><sub><em>i</em></sub><sup>″</sup>(<em>i</em>) = <em>g</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub><sup>″</sup>(<em>i</em>)</span>with
<span class="math display"><em>g</em><sup>″</sup></span>denoting the
second derivative of <em>g,</em></p>
<p>and</p>
<ul>
<li><span
class="math display"><em>f</em><sub>1</sub><sup>″</sup>(0) = 0</span>,
<span
class="math display"><em>f</em><sub><em>n</em></sub><sup>″</sup>(<em>n</em>) = 0</span>,<span
class="math display"><em>g</em><sub>1</sub><sup>″</sup>(0) = 0</span>and
<span
class="math display"><em>g</em><sub><em>n</em></sub><sup>″</sup>(<em>n</em>) = 0</span>if
<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub>0</sub>, <em>y</em><sub>0</sub>) ≠ (<em>x</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>(ie.
the curve will not be closed) or</li>
<li> <span
class="math display"><em>f</em><sub>1</sub><sup>′</sup>(0) = <em>f</em><sub><em>n</em></sub><sup>′</sup>(<em>n</em>)</span>,
<span
class="math display"><em>g</em><sub>1</sub><sup>′</sup>(0) = <em>g</em><sub><em>n</em></sub><sup>′</sup>(<em>n</em>)</span>,
<span
class="math display"><em>f</em><sub>1</sub><sup>″</sup>(0) = <em>f</em><sub><em>n</em></sub><sup>″</sup>(<em>n</em>)</span>and
<span
class="math display"><em>g</em><sub>1</sub><sup>″</sup>(0) = <em>g</em><sub><em>n</em></sub><sup>″</sup>(<em>n</em>)</span>if
<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub>0</sub>, <em>y</em><sub>0</sub>) = (<em>x</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>(ie.
the curve will be closed).</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>With these cubic polynomials we define the splines (piecewise
polynomial functions)<span
class="math display"><em>F</em>(<em>t</em>) = <em>f</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>(<em>t</em>)for(<em>i</em> − 1) ≤ <em>t</em> ≤ <em>i</em></span>and
<span
class="math display"><em>G</em>(<em>t</em>) = <em>g</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>(<em>t</em>)for(<em>i</em> − 1) ≤ <em>t</em> ≤ <em>i</em></span>.
(In view of the first and fourth conditions above this yields well
defined functions <em>F</em> and <em>G</em>.) The interpolation line is
then obtained by connecting consecutive points in <span
class="math display">$$\left( {F{(0)},G{(0)}} \right),\left( {F\left(
\frac{1}{k} \right),G\left( \frac{1}{k} \right)} \right),\left( {F\left(
\frac{2}{k} \right),G\left( \frac{2}{k} \right)} \right),\ldots,\left(
{F\left( \frac{{n \cdot k} - 1}{k} \right),G\left( \frac{{n \cdot k} -
1}{k} \right)} \right),\left( {F\left( \frac{n \cdot k}{k}
\right),G\left( \frac{n \cdot k}{k} \right)} \right)$$</span> using
straight line segments.</p></li>
<li>none - Straight lines. Consecutive data points are connected by
straight line segments. </li>
<li>step-center-x – Step function with a single step in the horizontal
center between consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data
points,<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub>0</sub>, <em>y</em><sub>0</sub>), …, (<em>x</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>
then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points
<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>), (<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>)</span>
is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <span
class="math display">$${({x_{i},y_{i}})},\left( {\frac{x_{i} + x_{i +
1}}{2},y_{i}} \right),\left( {\frac{x_{i} + x_{i + 1}}{2},y_{i + 1}}
\right),{({x_{i + 1},y_{i + 1}})}$$</span> using straight line
segments.</li>
<li> step-center-y – Step function with steps to the mean of consecutive
data points. Given a sequence of data points,<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub>0</sub>, <em>y</em><sub>0</sub>), …, (<em>x</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>
then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points
<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>), (<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>)</span>
is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <span
class="math display">$${({x_{i},y_{i}})},\left( {x_{i},\frac{y_{i} +
y_{i + 1}}{2}} \right),\left( {x_{i + 1},\frac{y_{i} + y_{i + 1}}{2}}
\right),{({x_{i + 1},y_{i + 1}})}$$</span> using straight line
segments.</li>
<li> step-start – Step function with a single step at the beginning of
each interval between consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data
points,<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub>0</sub>, <em>y</em><sub>0</sub>), …, (<em>x</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>
then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points
<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>), (<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>)</span>
is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>), (<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>), (<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>)</span>
using straight line segments.</li>
<li> step-end – Step function with a single step at the end of each
interval between consecutive data points. Given a sequence of data
points,<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub>0</sub>, <em>y</em><sub>0</sub>), …, (<em>x</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>)</span>
then the interpolation line between any two consecutive data points
<span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>), (<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>)</span>
is obtained by connecting consecutive points in <span
class="math display">(<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>), (<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>), (<em>x</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>, <em>y</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>)</span>
using straight line segments.</li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> or
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:interpolation</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:interpolation</em> attribute are none,
cubic-spline, b-spline, step-start, step-end, step-center-x or
step-center-y.</p>
<h2 id="chartinterval-major"><span id="anchor-4390"></span><span
id="anchor-2753"></span>chart:interval-major</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:interval-major</em> attribute specifies major intervals
on an axis <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a>.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.
</p>
<p>The <em>chart:interval-major</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:interval-major</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartinterval-minor-divisor"><span id="anchor-4391"></span><span
id="anchor-2754"></span>chart:interval-minor-divisor</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:interval-minor-divisor</em> attribute specifies a
divisor for the <em>chart:interval-major</em> <a
href="#anchor-2753">20.28</a> value, the division of which determines
the minor interval.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.
</p>
<p>The <em>chart:interval-minor-divisor</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:interval-minor-divisor</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartjapanese-candle-stick"><span id="anchor-4392"></span><span
id="anchor-2755"></span>chart:japanese-candle-stick</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:japanese-candle-stick</em> attribute specifies the
display of opening and closing values in a stock chart. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:japanese-candle-stick</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: opening and closing values are displayed as left and right
tick-lines</li>
<li>true: opening and closing values are displayed as colored bars,
where the color of the bar depends on whether the opening value is
larger than the closing value</li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:japanese-candle-stick</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:japanese-candle-stick</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartlabel-arrangement"><span id="anchor-4393"></span><span
id="anchor-2756"></span>chart:label-arrangement</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:label-arrangement</em> attribute specifies the
arrangement of labels on an axis.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:label-arrangement</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>side-by-side: Labels are not staggered, they are aligned on one
line.</li>
<li>stagger-even: Even labels are aligned on the same line as used for
side by side arrangement. Counting starts with one, so the first label
is odd. </li>
<li>stagger-odd: All odd labels are aligned on the line used for side by
side arrangement. Counting starts with one, so the first label is
odd.</li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:label-arrangement</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:label-arrangement</em> attribute are
side-by-side, stagger-even or stagger-odd.</p>
<h2 id="chartlabel-position"><span id="anchor-4394"></span><span
id="anchor-2757"></span>chart:label-position</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:label-position</em> attribute specifies where data
labels are placed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:label-position</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>avoid-overlap: an algorithm should be used that tries to place the
labels without overlapping each other.</li>
<li>bottom: the data label is placed below the data point.</li>
<li>bottom-left: the data label is placed to the bottom left of the data
point.</li>
<li>bottom-right: the data label is placed to the bottom right of the
data point.</li>
<li>center: the data label is centered on the data point.</li>
<li>inside: the data label is placed inside the data point (Pie charts,
the label is paced inside the piece on the bisecting line aligned to the
outer radius. Bar charts, the label is inside the bar aligned to that
end that is given by the data points value. Polar charts, the label is
placed on that side of the data point that points to the polar chart's
center ).</li>
<li>left: the data label is placed left of the data point.</li>
<li>near-origin: the data label is placed inside the data point on that
side that is near to the origin - where the origin is the beginning of
the bar in a bar chart or the baseline in an area chart ( for bar charts
the label is placed inside the bar like with value inside but aligned to
the opposite end of the bar ).</li>
<li>outside: the data label is placed outside the data point (Pie
charts, the label is placed outside the circle aligned to the outer
radius. Bar charts, the label is outside the bar aligned to that end
that is given by the data points value. Polar charts, the label is
placed on that side of the data point that points away from the polar
charts center).</li>
<li>right: the data label is placed right of the data point.</li>
<li>top: the data label is placed on top of the data point.</li>
<li>top-left: the data label is placed to the top left of the data
point.</li>
<li>top-right: the data label is placed to the top right of the data
point.</li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to
<em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt; <a href="#anchor-432">11.15</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt; <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> or
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:label-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:label-position</em> attribute are
avoid-overlap, center, top, top-right, right, bottom-right, bottom,
bottom-left, left, top-left, inside, outside or near-origin.</p>
<h2 id="chartlabel-position-negative"><span
id="anchor-4395"></span><span
id="anchor-2758"></span>chart:label-position-negative</h2>
<p>If the <em>chart:label-position-negative</em> attribute is set in
addition to a <em>chart:label-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2757">20.32</a> attribute, it is used for all labels that
belong to data points with negative values. Otherwise, the position set
in a <em>chart:label-position</em> attribute is used for positive and
negative values. If a <em>chart:label-position-negative</em> attribute
is used without a <em>chart:label-position</em> attribute it is
ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:label-position-negative</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>avoid-overlap: an algorithm should be used that tries to place the
labels without overlapping each other.</li>
<li>bottom: the data label is placed below the data point.</li>
<li>bottom-left: the data label is placed to the bottom left of the data
point.</li>
<li>bottom-right: the data label is placed to the bottom right of the
data point.</li>
<li>center: the data label is centered on the data point.</li>
<li>inside: the data label is placed inside the data point ( for pie
charts the label is placed inside the piece on the bisecting line
aligned to the outer radius, for bar charts the label is inside the bar
aligned to that end that is given by the data points value, for polar
charts the label is placed on that side of the data point that points to
the polar charts center ).</li>
<li>left: the data label is placed left of the data point.</li>
<li>near-origin: the data label is placed inside the data point on that
side that is near to the origin - where the origin is the beginning of
the bar in a bar chart or the base line in an area chart ( for bar
charts the label is placed inside the bar like with value inside but
aligned to the opposite end of the bar ).</li>
<li>outside: the data label is placed outside the data point ( for pie
charts the label is placed outside the circle aligned to the outer
radius, for bar charts the label is outside the bar aligned to that end
that is given by the data points value, for polar charts the label is
placed on that side of the data point that points away from the polar
charts center ).</li>
<li>right: the data label is placed right of the data point.</li>
<li>top: the data label is placed on top of the data point.</li>
<li>top-left: the data label is placed to the top left of the data
point.</li>
<li>top-right: the data label is placed to the top right of the data
point.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:label-position-negative</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:label-position-negative</em> attribute
are avoid-overlap, center, top, top-right, right, bottom-right, bottom,
bottom-left, left, top-left, inside, outside or near-origin.</p>
<h2 id="chartlines-deprecated"><span id="anchor-4396"></span><span
id="anchor-2759"></span>chart:lines (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:lines</em> attribute specifies whether connecting lines
between data points are shown. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The display of lines can be specified by the
<em>draw:stroke</em> <a href="#anchor-2679">20.167</a> attribute. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:lines</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: connecting lines between data points are not shown.</li>
<li>true: connecting lines between data points are shown.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:lines</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:lines</em> attribute has the data type <em>boolean</em>
<a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartlink-data-style-to-source"><span
id="anchor-4397"></span><span
id="anchor-2760"></span>chart:link-data-style-to-source</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:link-data-style-to-source</em> attribute can only be
used in chart documents that are part of a document that provides the
data for the chart.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:link-data-style-to-source</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: number format used for rendering axis labels is defined by
the <em>style:data-style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-562">19.473</a>
attribute.</li>
<li>true: number format used for rendering the axis labels is inherited
from the document providing the data. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:link-data-style-to-source</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:link-data-style-to-source</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartlogarithmic"><span id="anchor-4398"></span><span
id="anchor-2761"></span>chart:logarithmic</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:logarithmic</em> attribute specifies whether
logarithmic scaling will be used on an axis. By default, proportional
scaling is used.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:logarithmic</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: proportional scaling is used.</li>
<li>true: logarithmic scaling is used.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:logarithmic</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:logarithmic</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartmaximum"><span id="anchor-4399"></span><span
id="anchor-2762"></span>chart:maximum</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:maximum</em> attribute specifies the maximum value of
an axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:maximum</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:maximum</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartmean-value-1"><span id="anchor-4400"></span><span
id="anchor-2763"></span>chart:mean-value</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:mean-value</em> attribute specifies whether to display
a line that represents the statistical mean value of all data points of
a series.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> element
or a <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a>
element. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:mean-value</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: line representing the statistical mean of all the data points
in a series is not displayed.</li>
<li>true: line representing the statistical mean of all the data points
in a series is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:mean-value</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:mean-value</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartminimum"><span id="anchor-4401"></span><span
id="anchor-2764"></span>chart:minimum</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:minimum</em> attribute specifies the minimum value of
an axis. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:minimum</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:minimum</em> attribute has the data type
<em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartorigin"><span id="anchor-4402"></span><span
id="anchor-2765"></span>chart:origin</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:origin</em> attribute defines the origin of the
graphical representation of a data series attached to an axis. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: For example, the beginning of the bars in a bar chart or the
base line in an area chart can be set by the <em>chart:origin</em>
attribute in the style of the y-axis to which the data series is
attached. <span id="anchor-4403"></span><span
id="anchor-4404"></span></p>
</blockquote>
<p>If the first x-axis has a <em>chart:axis-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2731">20.6</a> attribute, that position is taken to
indicate the origin of the data points attached to the first y-axis. It
overrides the <em>chart:origin</em> attribute of the first y-axis.<span
id="anchor-4405"></span><span id="anchor-4406"></span></p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:origin</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:origin</em> attribute has the data type <em>double</em>
<a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartoverlap"><span id="anchor-4407"></span><span
id="anchor-2766"></span>chart:overlap</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:overlap</em> attribute specifies how much bars within
the same category in a bar chart overlap. The attribute value is an
integer that is interpreted as a percentage relative to the width of a
single bar. Negative values specify gaps between bars. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element when
a <em>chart:dimension</em> <a href="#anchor-1595">19.18</a> attribute
set to y.</p>
<p> This allows bars to be attached to different axis arranged
differently as long as they are grouped per axis
(<em>chart:group-bars-per-axis</em> <a href="#anchor-2749">20.24</a>
attribute is true).</p>
<p>The <em>chart:overlap</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:overlap</em> attribute has the data type
<em>integer</em> <a href="#datatype-integer">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartpie-offset"><span id="anchor-4408"></span><span
id="anchor-2768"></span>chart:pie-offset</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:pie-offset</em> attribute specifies the distance of a
segment from the center of the circle in case of circle charts. The
offset is given as an integer which is interpreted as a percentage of
the radius of the circle. </p>
<p>In the case of ring charts the <em>chart:pie-offset</em> attribute
specifies an additional distance of a segment from the center of the
circle. The distance is given as a percentage of the thickness of the
ring. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a> or
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> element.
</p>
<p>The <em>chart:pie-offset</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:pie-offset</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartpercentage"><span id="anchor-4409"></span><span
id="anchor-2767"></span>chart:percentage</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:percentage</em> attribute specifies a percentage
accumulation of values per category.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:percentage</em> attribute are:
</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the attribute has no effect </li>
<li>true: values should be accumulated by category. The sum of the
values per category is treated as 100 percent and the y-axis displays
according to percentages. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:percentage</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:percentage</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartregression-force-intercept"><span
id="anchor-4410"></span><span
id="anchor-2769"></span>chart:regression-force-intercept</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-force-intercept </em>attribute specifies
whether a regression curve of type <em>linear</em>, <em>exponential</em>
or <em>polynomial</em> intercepts the y-axis at a certain value. The
defined values for the <em>chart:regression-force-intercept</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>true: The regression curve intercepts the y‑axis at the value which
is defined by the <em>chart:regression-intercept-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-2770">20.45</a> attribute.</li>
<li>false: The interception of regression-curve and y-axis is calculated
from the data series.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>This attribute is only evaluated together with the attribute
<em>chart:regression-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2775">20.50</a> and if
that has one of the following values: linear, exponential or
polynomial.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-force-intercept</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-force-intercept</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartregression-intercept-value"><span
id="anchor-4411"></span><span
id="anchor-2770"></span>chart:regression-intercept-value</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-intercept-value</em> attribute specifies
where a regression curve intercepts the y-axis if attribute
<em>chart:regression-force-intercept</em> <a
href="#anchor-2769">20.44</a> is true.</p>
<p>This attribute is only evaluated together with the
<em>chart:regression-force-intercept</em> attribute.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 0 in case of regression type
linear or polynomial, and the default value is 1 in case of regression
type exponential. </p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-intercept-value</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-intercept-value</em> attribute has the data
type <em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartregression-max-degree"><span id="anchor-4412"></span><span
id="anchor-2771"></span>chart:regression-max-degree</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-max-degree</em> attribute specifies the
maximum degree of a polynomial regression curve. This attribute is only
evaluated together with the attribute <em>chart:regression-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2775">20.50</a> and if that has the value polynomial. The
value of the <em>chart:regression-max-degree</em> attribute is greater
than or equal to 2.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is 2.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-max-degree</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-max-degree</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartregression-moving-type"><span id="anchor-4413"></span><span
id="anchor-2772"></span>chart:regression-moving-type</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li><ol type="1">
<li>The <em>chart:regression-moving-type</em> attribute specifies the
type of a regression curve of type moving-average. The defined values
for the <em>chart:regression-moving-type</em> attribute are: </li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>prior, </li>
<li>central, </li>
<li>averaged-abscissa.</li>
</ul>
<p>Let <span
class="math display"><em>D</em><sub><em>j</em></sub>(<em>x</em><sub><em>j</em></sub>|<em>y</em><sub><em>j</em></sub>)</span>
with <em>j</em>=1 to <em>N</em> denote the points of the data series in
the order they occur in the data series, where <em>N</em> is the total
number of data points for that series. Let <em>k</em> denote the value
of the <code>chart:regression-period</code> attribute. Let <span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>(<em>r</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>|<em>s</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>)</span>
with <em>i</em>=1 to <em>N</em>-<em>k</em>+1 denote the points of the
regression curve of type moving-average. This regression curve is
piecewise linear and continuous through the points <span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>(<em>r</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>|<em>s</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>)</span>
while being linear between <span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>(<em>r</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>|<em>s</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>)</span>and
<span
class="math display"><em>P</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>(<em>r</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>|<em>s</em><sub><em>i</em> + 1</sub>)</span>
for any <span
class="math display">1 ≤ <em>i</em> ≤ <em>N</em> − <em>k</em></span>.</p>
<p>The ordinates <span
class="math display"><em>s</em><sub><em>i</em></sub></span> are
calculated as <span class="math display">$${s_{i} =
\frac{1}{k}}{\sum\limits_{z = i}^{i + k - 1}y_{z}}$$</span>.</p>
<p>Calculation of the associated abscissas <span
class="math display"><em>r</em><sub><em>i</em></sub></span> depends on
the value of the <code>chart:regression-moving-type</code> attribute. In
case it has the value</p>
<ul>
<li>prior: <span
class="math display"><em>r</em><sub><em>i</em></sub> = <em>x</em><sub><em>i</em> + <em>k</em> − 1</sub></span></li>
<li>central: In case of even value <em>k</em> it is <span
class="math display"><em>r</em><sub><em>i</em></sub> = <em>x</em><sub><em>k</em>/2 + <em>i</em></sub></span>
in case of odd value <em>k</em> it is <span
class="math display"><em>r</em><sub><em>i</em></sub> = <em>x</em><sub>(<em>k</em> − 1)/2 + <em>i</em></sub></span></li>
<li>averaged-abscissa: <span class="math display">$${r_{i} =
\frac{1}{k}}{\sum\limits_{z = i}^{i + k - 1}x_{z}}$$</span></li>
</ul>
<ol type="1">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><em><em>This attribute is only evaluated together with attribute
</em>chart:regression-type</em> and if that has the value
moving-average.</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
The default value for this attribute is prior.</li>
</ol>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-moving-type</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:regression-moving-type</em> attribute are
prior, central or averaged-abscissa.</p>
<h2 id="chartregression-name"><span id="anchor-4414"></span><span
id="anchor-2773"></span>chart:regression-name</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-name</em> attribute specifies the name of a
regression curve.</p>
<p>The default value for this attribute is the empty string.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartregression-period"><span id="anchor-4415"></span><span
id="anchor-2774"></span>chart:regression-period</h2>
<ol start="2" type="1">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><p>The <em>chart:regression-period</em> attribute specifies the
number of points to be used to calculate a point of the regression
curve.</p>
<p><em><em>This attribute is only evaluated together with attribute
</em>chart:regression-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2775">20.50</a> and
<em><em>if </em><em>that has the </em><em>value
</em></em>moving-average. </p></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>The minimum value for this attribute is 2, the default value for this
attribute is 2.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-period</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-period</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartregression-type"><span id="anchor-4416"></span><span
id="anchor-2775"></span>chart:regression-type</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-type</em> attribute specifies the regression
function for a series. A regression function can be used to approximate
the data points in a series. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:regression-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>exponential – Exponential regression – approximate the values of the
series using the model: <em>y = A·e</em><sup>B·x</sup>.</li>
<li>linear – Linear regression – approximate the values of the series
using the model: <em>y = A·x + B</em>.</li>
<li>logarithmic – Logarithmic regression – approximate the values of the
series using the model: <em>y = A·ln(x) + B</em>.</li>
<li>moving-average – Moving average – each point on the regression curve
is calculated from a set of <em>k</em> data points of the series, where
<em>k</em> is given by attribute <em>chart:regression-period</em> <a
href="#anchor-2774">20.49</a> and the calculation method is chosen
according to attribute <em>chart:regression-moving-type <a
href="#anchor-2772">20.47</a></em>.</li>
<li>none – no regression curve will be displayed (default value)</li>
<li>polynomial – Polynomial regression – approximate the values of the
series using the model <span
class="math display"><em>y</em> = <em>A</em><sub>0</sub> + <em>A</em><sub>1</sub><em>x</em> + <em>A</em><sub>2</sub><em>x</em><sup>2</sup>... + <em>A</em><sub><em>n</em></sub><em>x</em><sup><em>n</em></sup></span>
where <span class="math display"><em>n</em></span> is given by the
<em>chart:regression-max-degree</em> <a href="#anchor-2771">20.46</a>
attribute. </li>
<li>power – Regression with a power function – approximate the values of
the series using the model: <em>y = A·x</em><sup>B</sup>.</li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to
<em>&lt;chart:regression-curve&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1608">11.18</a></em>, <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> or <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> elements. </p>
<p>The <em>chart:regression-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:regression-type</em> attribute are none,
linear, logarithmic, moving-average, exponential, power or
polynomial.</p>
<h2 id="chartreverse-direction"><span id="anchor-4417"></span><span
id="anchor-2776"></span>chart:reverse-direction</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:reverse-direction</em> attribute specifies whether the
direction of an axis follows the Cartesian coordinate system or the
reverse. False is the default.</p>
<p>In a Cartesian coordinate system the x-axis points from left to right
and the y-axis points from bottom to top. 3D Cartesian coordinate
systems are left-handed and polar coordinate systems are
counter-clockwise. If x and y axes are swapped as in horizontal bar
charts (when attribute <em>chart:vertical</em> <a
href="#anchor-2797">20.72</a> value is true), the unswapped coordinate
system follows the Cartesian coordinate system and is left-handed.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:reverse-direction</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: direction of axis follows the Cartesian coordinate
system.</li>
<li>true: direction of axis follows the reverse of the Cartesian
coordinate system.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:reverse-direction</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:reverse-direction</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartright-angled-axes"><span id="anchor-4418"></span><span
id="anchor-2777"></span>chart:right-angled-axes</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:right-angled-axes</em> attribute specifies a
modification of the projection of a 3D chart. In a Cartesian coordinate
system, the projections of x and y-axis are horizontal and vertical.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element. The chart:right-angled-axes attribute is ignored unless a
<em>chart:three-dimensional</em> <a href="#anchor-2790">20.65</a>
attribute is present and has the value true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:right-angled-axes</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the attribute has no effect.</li>
<li>true: a 3D chart is sheared instead of rotated. For Cartesian
coordinate systems, the x- and y-axis do form a right angle in the
2D-projection.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:right-angled-axes</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:right-angled-axes</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartscale-text"><span id="anchor-4419"></span><span
id="anchor-2778"></span>chart:scale-text</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:scale-text</em> attribute specifies that the text
contained in an object should be scaled whenever the size of the chart
changes. This attribute can appear at all chart objects that contain
text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:scale-text</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text contained in an object should not be scaled when the
size of its containing chart changes.</li>
<li>true: text contained in an object should be scaled when the size of
its containing chart changes.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:scale-text</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:scale-text</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartseries-source-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-4420"></span><span
id="anchor-2779"></span>chart:series-source (deprecated)</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:series-source</em> attribute specifies whether a
tabular data for a chart contains all the data series in columns or
rows.</p>
<p>The tabular data can be given by the
<em>table:cell-range-address</em> attribute at the
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> element
or by the <em>&lt;table:table&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-116">9.1.2</a>
element inside the <em>&lt;chart:chart&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-153">11.1</a> element.</p>
<p>When data is assigned more specifically to a chart element, with a
values-cell-range-address attribute on a <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> element, the more specific data
assignment has priority.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:series-source</em> attribute is evaluated for a chart
style that is applied to a <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:series-source</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>columns: tabular data for a chart contains all the data series in
columns.</li>
<li>rows: tabular data for a chart contains all the data series in
rows.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:series-source</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:series-source</em> attribute are columns
or rows.</p>
<h2 id="chartsort-by-x-values"><span id="anchor-4421"></span><span
id="anchor-2781"></span>chart:sort-by-x-values</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:sort-by-x-values</em> attribute specifies whether the
data points of a data series should be displayed in ascending order of
the x values, or in the order they are contained in the underlying data.
It is evaluated for styles that are assigned to the
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element. The <em>chart:sort-by-x-values</em> attribute is used for chart
types with data series that contain x-values (for example scatter
charts, <a href="#anchor-1548">19.15</a>).</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:sort-by-x-values</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: data points of a data series should be displayed in the order
they are contained in the underlying data.</li>
<li>true: data points of a data series should be displayed in ascending
order of the x values.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:sort-by-x-values</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:sort-by-x-values</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartsolid-type"><span id="anchor-4422"></span><span
id="anchor-2780"></span>chart:solid-type</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:solid-type</em> attribute specifies the rendering of
bars in three-dimensional bar charts. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:solid-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>cone – bars have the shape of cones</li>
<li>cuboid – bars have the shape of cuboids</li>
<li>cylinder – bars have the shape of cylinders</li>
<li>pyramid – bars have the shape of pyramids</li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt; <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> or
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
elements.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:solid-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:solid-type</em> attribute are cuboid,
cylinder, cone or pyramid.</p>
<h2 id="chartspline-order"><span id="anchor-4423"></span><span
id="anchor-2782"></span>chart:spline-order</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:spline-order</em> attribute specifies the degree of the
polynomials used as part of the spline.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with
<em>chart:interpolation</em> <a href="#anchor-2752">20.27</a> attribute
when it has the value b-spline.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:spline-order</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:spline-order</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartspline-resolution"><span id="anchor-4424"></span><span
id="anchor-2783"></span>chart:spline-resolution</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:spline-resolution</em> attribute specifies the number
of straight line segments used between any two data points.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with
<em>chart:interpolation</em> <a href="#anchor-2752">20.27</a> attribute
when it has a value other than none.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:spline-resolution</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:spline-resolution</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartstacked"><span id="anchor-4425"></span><span
id="anchor-2784"></span>chart:stacked</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:stacked</em> attribute specifies the accumulation of
the series values per category. Each value is in addition to the other
values in the same category. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:stacked</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: series values should not be accumulated by category.</li>
<li>true: series values should be accumulated by category. Bars in bar
charts are stacked on top of each other.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:stacked</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:stacked</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartsymbol-height"><span id="anchor-4426"></span><span
id="anchor-2785"></span>chart:symbol-height</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:symbol-height</em> attribute specifies the height of a
symbol to be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with
<em>chart:symbol-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2787">20.62</a> attribute
when the <em>chart:symbol-type</em> attribute has a value other than
none.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:symbol-height</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:symbol-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartsymbol-name"><span id="anchor-4427"></span><span
id="anchor-2786"></span>chart:symbol-name</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:symbol-name</em> attribute specifies a symbol to be
used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<p>The glyphs associated with the values of the
<em>chart:symbol-name</em> attribute are implementation-defined.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used only together with
<em>chart:symbol-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2787">20.62</a> attribute
and only when the <em>chart:symbol-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2787">20.62</a> attribute has the value named-symbol.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:symbol-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:symbol-name</em> attribute are square,
diamond, arrow-down, arrow-up, arrow-right, arrow-left, bow-tie,
hourglass, circle, star, x, plus, asterisk, horizontal-bar or
vertical-bar.</p>
<h2 id="chartsymbol-type"><span id="anchor-4428"></span><span
id="anchor-2787"></span>chart:symbol-type</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:symbol-type</em> attribute specifies if a symbol is
used for a data point in a chart, and if so, which type of symbol is to
be used.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:symbol-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>automatic: the consumer chooses from the list of available named
symbols (see <em>chart:symbol-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2786">20.61</a>
attribute), choose a different symbol per series in round-robin
fashion,in this order: square, diamond, arrow-down, arrow-up,
arrow-right, arrow-left, bow-tie, hourglass, circle, star, x, plus,
asterisk, horizontal-bar, vertical-bar.</li>
<li>named-symbol: a symbol specified within <em>chart:symbol-name</em>
attribute should be used.</li>
<li>none: no symbol should be used.</li>
<li>image: an image defined by a <em>&lt;chart:symbol-image&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2800">17.23</a> element is used as symbol. </li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to
<em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt; <a href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a></em>,
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> or
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
elements. </p>
<p>The <em>chart:symbol-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartsymbol-width"><span id="anchor-4429"></span><span
id="anchor-2788"></span>chart:symbol-width</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:symbol-width</em> attribute specifies the width of a
symbol to be used for a data point in a chart.</p>
<p>This attribute should be used together with
<em>chart:symbol-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2787">20.62</a> attribute
when the <em>chart:symbol-type</em> attribute has a value other than
none.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:symbol-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:symbol-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charttext-overlap"><span id="anchor-4430"></span><span
id="anchor-2789"></span>chart:text-overlap</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:text-overlap</em> attribute specifies whether axis
labels may overlap each other.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2787">20.62</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:text-overlap</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: axis labels shall not overlap each other.</li>
<li>true: axis labels may overlap each other.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:text-overlap</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:text-overlap</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartthree-dimensional"><span id="anchor-4431"></span><span
id="anchor-2790"></span>chart:three-dimensional</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:three-dimensional</em> attribute specifies whether a
chart is displayed as a 3D scene.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:three-dimensional</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: chart should not be displayed as a 3D scene.</li>
<li>true: chart should be displayed as a 3D scene.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:three-dimensional</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:three-dimensional</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charttick-marks-major-inner"><span id="anchor-4432"></span><span
id="anchor-2792"></span>chart:tick-marks-major-inner</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-major-inner</em> attribute specifies the
existence of major inner tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with
respect to the major interval that may be specified by the
<em>chart:interval-major</em> <a href="#anchor-2753">20.28</a>
attribute, and are drawn towards the inside of the plot area. That is,
they are drawn to the right for an axis displayed on the left hand side
of the plot area, and to the left for an axis displayed on the right
hand side of the plot area.</p>
<p>If a <em>chart:tick-marks-major-inner</em> attribute and a
<em>chart:tick-marks-major-outer</em> <a href="#anchor-2793">20.67</a>
attribute are both set to true, one tick mark is drawn that crosses the
axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2753">20.28</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:tick-marks-major-inner</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: major inner tick marks should not appear on an axis.</li>
<li>true: major inner tick marks should appear on an axis.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-major-inner</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-major-inner</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charttick-marks-major-outer"><span id="anchor-4433"></span><span
id="anchor-2793"></span>chart:tick-marks-major-outer</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-major-outer</em> attribute specifies the
existence of major outer tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with
respect to the major interval that may be specified by the
<em>chart:interval-major</em> <a href="#anchor-2753">20.28</a>
attribute, and are drawn towards the outside of the plot area. That is,
they are drawn to the left for an axis displayed on the left hand side
of the plot area, and to the right for an axis displayed on the right
hand side of the plot area.</p>
<p>If a <em>chart:tick-marks-major-inner</em> <a
href="#anchor-2792">20.66</a> attribute and a
<em>chart:tick-marks-major-outer</em> attribute are both set to true,
one tick mark is drawn that crosses the axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:tick-marks-major-outer</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: major outer tick marks should not appear on an axis.</li>
<li>true: major outer tick marks should appear on an axis.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-major-outer</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-major-outer</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charttick-marks-minor-inner"><span id="anchor-4434"></span><span
id="anchor-2794"></span>chart:tick-marks-minor-inner</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-inner</em> attribute specifies the
existence of minor inner tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with
respect to the minor interval divisor that may be specified by the
<em>chart:interval-minor-divisor</em> <a href="#anchor-2754">20.29</a>
attribute, and are drawn towards the inside of the plot area. That is,
they are drawn to the right for an axis displayed on the left hand side
of the plot area, and to the left for an axis displayed on the right
hand side of the plot area.</p>
<p>If a <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-inner</em> attribute and a
<em>chart:tick-marks-minor-outer <a href="#anchor-2795">20.69</a></em>
attribute are both set to true, one tick mark is drawn that crosses the
axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-inner</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: minor inner tick marks should not appear on an axis.</li>
<li>true: minor inner tick marks should appear on an axis.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-inner</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-inner</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charttick-marks-minor-outer"><span id="anchor-4435"></span><span
id="anchor-2795"></span>chart:tick-marks-minor-outer</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-outer</em> attribute specifies the
existence of minor outer tick marks on an axis. They are drawn with
respect to the minor interval divisor that may be specified by the
<em>chart:interval-minor-divisor</em> <a href="#anchor-2754">20.29</a>
attribute, and are drawn towards the outside of the plot area. That is,
they are drawn to the left for an axis displayed on the left hand side
of the plot area, and to the right for an axis displayed on the right
hand side of the plot area.</p>
<p>If a <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-inner</em> <a
href="#anchor-2794">20.68</a> attribute and a
<em>chart:tick-marks-minor-outer</em> attribute are set to true, one
tick mark is drawn that crosses the axis.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-outer</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: minor outer tick marks should not appear on an axis.</li>
<li>true: minor outer tick marks should appear on an axis.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-outer</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-marks-minor-outer</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="charttick-mark-position"><span id="anchor-4436"></span><span
id="anchor-2791"></span>chart:tick-mark-position</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-mark-position</em> attribute specifies the
position of the interval marks.<span id="anchor-4437"></span><span
id="anchor-4438"></span></p>
<p><span id="anchor-4439"></span><span id="anchor-4440"></span>The
defined values for the <em>chart:tick-mark-position</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>at-labels: interval marks are placed adjacent to axis labels.<span
id="anchor-4441"></span></li>
<li>at-axis: interval marks are placed at the axis line.<span
id="anchor-4442"></span></li>
<li>at-labels-and-axis: interval marks are placed at axis labels and at
the axis line.<span id="anchor-4443"></span><span
id="anchor-4444"></span></li>
</ul>
<p>This attribute makes a difference only if the labels are not placed
at the axis line, that is, if the <em>chart:axis-label-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-2730">20.5</a> attribute has the value outside-end or
outside-start.<span id="anchor-4445"></span><span
id="anchor-4446"></span> </p>
<p>If the <em>chart:tick-mark-position</em> attribute is missing but a
<em>chart:axis-position</em> attribute is given,
<em>chart:tick-mark-position</em> is assumed to be
at-labels-and-axis.<span id="anchor-4447"></span><span
id="anchor-4448"></span></p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>The <em>chart:tick-mark-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:tick-mark-position</em> attribute are
at-labels, at-axis or at-labels-and-axis.</p>
<h2 id="charttreat-empty-cells"><span id="anchor-4449"></span><span
id="anchor-2796"></span>chart:treat-empty-cells</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:treat-empty-cells</em> attribute specifies how missing
and invalid values are plotted in a chart. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:treat-empty-cells</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>ignore: nothing is plotted for a point with missing values and the
plot continues.</li>
<li>leave-gap: nothing is plotted for a point with missing values and a
continuous plot stops and restarts at the next valid point.</li>
<li>use-zero: missing values are replaced with zero.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default behavior is ignore for scatter charts
(<em>chart:class</em> <a href="#anchor-1548">19.15</a> is
chart:scatter). For all other chart types the default behavior is
leave-gap. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:treat-empty-cells</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>chart:treat-empty-cells</em> attribute are
use-zero, leave-gap or ignore.</p>
<h2 id="chartvertical"><span id="anchor-4450"></span><span
id="anchor-2797"></span>chart:vertical</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:vertical</em> attribute specifies whether the x-axis in
a Cartesian coordinate system is oriented horizontally or vertically.
</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This attribute is used to distinguish bar
(<em>chart:vertical</em><code>=”</code>true<code>”</code>) and column
(<em>chart:vertical</em><code>=”</code>false<code>”</code>) charts.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:vertical</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: horizontal x-axis, vertical y-axis.</li>
<li>true: vertical x-axis, horizontal y-axis.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:vertical</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:vertical</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="chartvisible"><span id="anchor-4451"></span><span
id="anchor-2798"></span>chart:visible</h2>
<p>The <em>chart:visible</em> attribute specifies if an object in a
chart is visible or not. By default, objects are visible. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for chart styles that are applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element or a
<em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> element.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>chart:visible</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: object is not visible in chart.</li>
<li>true: object is visible in chart.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>chart:visible</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>chart:visible</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dambient-color-1"><span id="anchor-4452"></span><span
id="DDE_LINK18"></span><span
id="anchor-2599"></span>dr3d:ambient-color</h2>
<p>See: <a href="#anchor-1392">19.92</a></p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:ambient-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:ambient-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dback-scale"><span id="anchor-4453"></span><span
id="anchor-1427"></span>dr3d:back-scale</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:back-scale</em> attribute specifies the proportion of
the background geometry for 3D rotation and extrude objects.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:back-scale</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:back-scale</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dbackface-culling"><span id="anchor-4454"></span><span
id="anchor-2600"></span>dr3d:backface-culling</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:backface-culling</em> attribute specifies whether
backface culling is enabled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:backface-culling</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>disabled: backface culling is not enabled.</li>
<li>enabled: backface culling is enabled.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:backface-culling</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:backface-culling</em> attribute are
enabled or disabled.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dclose-back"><span id="anchor-4455"></span><span
id="anchor-1423"></span>dr3d:close-back</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:close-back</em> attribute specifies if a back face is
generated. The attribute can be used with 3D extrude and 3D rotation
objects. It is only evaluated for geometries that are closed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:close-back</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: a back face should not be generated.</li>
<li>true: a back face should be generated.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:close-back</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:close-back</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dclose-front"><span id="anchor-4456"></span><span
id="anchor-1422"></span>dr3d:close-front</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:close-front</em> attribute specifies if a front face is
generated. The attribute can be used with 3D extrude and 3D rotation
objects. It is only evaluated for geometries that are closed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:close-front</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: a front face should not be generated.</li>
<li>true: a front face should be generated.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:close-front</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:close-front</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3ddepth"><span id="anchor-4457"></span><span
id="anchor-1421"></span>dr3d:depth</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:depth</em> attribute specifies an extrusion depth for
extruded objects.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:depth</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:depth</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3ddiffuse-color-1"><span id="anchor-4458"></span><span
id="anchor-2601"></span>dr3d:diffuse-color</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:diffuse-color</em> attribute, along with
<em>dr3d:ambient-color <a href="#anchor-2599">20.74</a><a
href="#anchor-2599">20.74</a></em>, <em>dr3d:emissive-color <a
href="#anchor-2604">20.83</a></em>, and <em>dr3d:specular-color</em> <a
href="#anchor-2610">20.91</a> specifies the four colors that define the
color of a material.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:diffuse-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:diffuse-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dedge-rounding"><span id="anchor-4459"></span><span
id="anchor-2602"></span>dr3d:edge-rounding</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:edge-rounding</em> attribute specifies the size of an
area at the edges of a geometry that is used for rounding edges, if the
geometry of a 3D object is generated during run-time. </p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:edge-rounding</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:edge-rounding</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dedge-rounding-mode"><span id="anchor-4460"></span><span
id="anchor-2603"></span>dr3d:edge-rounding-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:edge-rounding-mode</em> attribute specifies how to
generate rounded edges.</p>
<p>Creating rounded edges in a 3D environment requires an inner and
outer representation of the outline on which rounded edges will appear.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:edge-rounding-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>attractive: the edge begins at the inner plane by moving points in
the direction of combined perpendicular vectors of both neighboring
vectors. </li>
<li>correct: the inner face is linearly scaled smaller relative to its
center and the original polygon is used for the outer face.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:edge-rounding-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:edge-rounding-mode</em> attribute are
correct or attractive.</p>
<h2 id="dr3demissive-color"><span id="anchor-4461"></span><span
id="anchor-2604"></span>dr3d:emissive-color</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:emissive-color</em> attribute, along with
<em>dr3d:ambient-color <a href="#anchor-2599">20.74</a></em>,
<em>dr3d:diffuse-color <a href="#anchor-2601">20.80</a></em>, and
<em>dr3d:specular-color</em> <a href="#anchor-2610">20.91</a> specifies
the four colors that define the color of a material.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:emissive-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:emissive-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dend-angle"><span id="anchor-4462"></span><span
id="anchor-1426"></span>dr3d:end-angle</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:end-angle</em> attribute specifies the rotation angle
for 3D rotation objects. The attribute value is an angle. </p>
<p>A value of 360 degrees defines that the 3D rotation object is closed
and completely rotated. This is also the default. Values smaller than
360 degrees define opened 3D rotation objects (segments). Values larger
than 360 degrees define 3D rotation objects with more than one rotation.
</p>
<blockquote>
<p> The visible effect of values larger than 360 degrees only differs
from that of 360 degrees when the <em>dr3d:back-scale</em> <a
href="#anchor-1427">20.75</a> attribute has a value different than 100%
.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>dr3d:end-angle</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:end-angle</em> attribute has the data type
<em>angle</em> <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dhorizontal-segments"><span id="anchor-4463"></span><span
id="anchor-1425"></span>dr3d:horizontal-segments</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:horizontal-segments</em> attribute specifies the number
of horizontal segments that are used to generate a geometry, if the
geometry of a 3D object is generated during run-time. </p>
<p>Note: Typical consumers support values between 2 and 256.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:horizontal-segments</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:horizontal-segments</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dlighting-mode-1"><span id="anchor-4464"></span><span
id="anchor-2605"></span>dr3d:lighting-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute specifies whether lighting
is used for a three-dimensional object.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>double-sided: the front and back sides of all planes are displayed
if they are visible from the viewer's perspective.</li>
<li>standard: Depending on the value of the
<em>dr3d:normals-direction</em> <a href="#anchor-2606">20.87</a>
attribute, only the front or only the back side sides of the plane are
displayed. The opposite sides are not displayed, whether they are
visible from the viewer's perspective or not. </li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-1395">19.99</a> attribute is also defined for non-3D
object uses. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> attribute are standard
or double-sided.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dnormals-direction"><span id="anchor-4465"></span><span
id="anchor-2606"></span>dr3d:normals-direction</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:normals-direction</em> attribute specifies which sides
of a 3D object's planes are displayed if the <em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em>
attribute has the value 'standard'. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:normals-direction</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>inverse: only the back sides of planes are displayed.</li>
<li>normal: only the front sides of planes are displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The front side of the plane is the one the normal points away from.
</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:normals-direction</em> attribute has no effect if the
<em>dr3d:lighting-mode</em> <a href="#anchor-2605">20.86</a> attribute
has the value double-sided.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:normals-direction</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:normals-direction</em> attribute are
normal or inverse.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dnormals-kind"><span id="anchor-4466"></span><span
id="anchor-2607"></span>dr3d:normals-kind</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:normals-kind</em> attribute specifies the normal
settings for generated lighting.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:normals-kind</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>flat: one normal per flat part.</li>
<li>object: apply object-specific normals.</li>
<li>sphere: normals behave as the object is a sphere.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:normals-kind</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:normals-kind</em> attribute are object,
flat or sphere.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dshadow"><span id="anchor-4467"></span><span
id="anchor-2608"></span>dr3d:shadow</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:shadow</em> attribute enables or disables a
three-dimensional shadow for a three-dimensional object.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:shadow</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>hidden: three-dimensional shadow should not be shown for a
three-dimensional object.</li>
<li>visible: three-dimensional shadow should be shown for a
three-dimensional object.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:shadow</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:shadow</em> attribute are visible or
hidden.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dshininess"><span id="anchor-4468"></span><span
id="anchor-2609"></span>dr3d:shininess</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:shininess</em> attribute specifies the shine of a
material.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:shininess</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:shininess</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dspecular-color"><span id="anchor-4469"></span><span
id="anchor-2610"></span>dr3d:specular-color</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:specular-color</em> attribute, along with
dr3d:ambient-color <a href="#anchor-2599">20.74</a>,
<em>dr3d:diffuse-color <a href="#anchor-2601">20.80</a></em>, and
<em>dr3d:emissive-color</em> <a href="#anchor-2601">20.80</a> specifies
the four colors that define the color of a material.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:specular-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:specular-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dtexture-filter"><span id="anchor-4470"></span><span
id="anchor-2611"></span>dr3d:texture-filter</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:texture-filter</em> attribute specifies whether texture
filtering is enabled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:texture-filter</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>disabled: texture filtering should not be enabled.</li>
<li>enabled: texture filtering should be enabled.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:texture-filter</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:texture-filter</em> attribute are enabled
or disabled.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dtexture-kind"><span id="anchor-4471"></span><span
id="anchor-2614"></span>dr3d:texture-kind</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:texture-kind</em> attribute specifies if texture changes
the luminance, intensity, or color of a shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:texture-kind</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>color: color of a shape.</li>
<li>intensity: intensity of a shape.</li>
<li>luminance: luminance of a shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:texture-kind</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:texture-kind</em> attribute are luminance,
intensity or color.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dtexture-mode"><span id="anchor-4472"></span><span
id="anchor-2615"></span>dr3d:texture-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:texture-mode</em> attribute specifies how the texture is
modulated. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:texture-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>blend: blends the texture blend color with the object color.</li>
<li>modulate: modulates the object color with the texture color.</li>
<li>replace: replaces the object color with the texture color.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:texture-mode</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:texture-mode</em> attribute are replace,
modulate or blend.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dtexture-generation-mode-x"><span
id="anchor-4473"></span><span
id="anchor-2612"></span>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x</em> attribute, along with the
<em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y</em> <a href="#anchor-2613">20.96</a>
attribute, specifies how textual coordinates are generated. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>object: This value specifies that the standard object projection
method is used.</li>
<li>parallel: This value specifies a flat parallel projection in the
specified degree of freedom (X or Y).</li>
<li>sphere: This value forces projection to wrapping in X and/or Y
direction.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x</em> attribute
are object, parallel or sphere.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dtexture-generation-mode-y"><span
id="anchor-4474"></span><span
id="anchor-2613"></span>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y</em> attribute, along with the
<em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-x</em> <a href="#anchor-2612">20.95</a>
attribute, specifies how textual coordinates are generated. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>object: This value specifies that the standard object projection
method is used.</li>
<li>parallel: This value specifies a flat parallel projection in the
specified degree of freedom (X or Y).</li>
<li>sphere: This value forces projection to wrapping in X and/or Y
direction.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>dr3d:texture-generation-mode-y</em> attribute
are object, parallel or sphere.</p>
<h2 id="dr3dvertical-segments"><span id="anchor-4475"></span><span
id="anchor-2616"></span>dr3d:vertical-segments</h2>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vertical-segments</em> attribute specifies the number of
vertical segments that are used to generate the geometry, if the
geometry of a 3D object is generated during run-time. </p>
<p>Note: Typical consumers support values between 2 and 256.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vertical-segments</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>dr3d:vertical-segments</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawauto-grow-height"><span id="anchor-4476"></span><span
id="anchor-2617"></span>draw:auto-grow-height</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:auto-grow-height</em> attributes specifies whether to
automatically increase the height of the drawing object if text is added
to the drawing object. This attribute is evaluated only for text
boxes.</p>
<p>If both <em>draw:auto-grow-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2618">20.99</a> and <em>draw:auto-grow-height</em> are
present, a consumer should first grow the size of the drawing object in
the dimension of the major text flow (width for horizontal writing, and
height for vertical writing). Only after that size component is filled,
a consumer should adjust the other dimension to fit the text content.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:auto-grow-height</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: height of a drawing object should not automatically increase
if text is added to the drawing object.</li>
<li>true: height of a drawing object should automatically increase if
text is added to the drawing object.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:auto-grow-height</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:auto-grow-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawauto-grow-width"><span id="anchor-4477"></span><span
id="anchor-2618"></span>draw:auto-grow-width</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:auto-grow-width</em> attribute specifies whether to
automatically increase the width of the drawing object if text is added
to the drawing object. This attribute is evaluated only for text
boxes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:auto-grow-width</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: width of a drawing object should not automatically increase
if text is added to the drawing object.</li>
<li>true: width of a drawing object should automatically increase if
text is added to the drawing object.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:auto-grow-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:auto-grow-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawbackground-size"><span id="anchor-4478"></span><span
id="anchor-2804"></span>draw:background-size</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:background-size</em> attribute specifies whether the
background of a page is rendered on a full page or only inside the
borders of a page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:background-size</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>border: background should be rendered only inside borders of a
page.</li>
<li>full: background should be rendered on a full page.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:background-size</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:background-size</em> attribute are full or
border.</p>
<h2 id="drawblue"><span id="anchor-4479"></span><span
id="anchor-2619"></span>draw:blue</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:blue</em> attribute specifies together with the
attributes <em>draw:green</em> <a href="#anchor-2655">20.136</a> and
<em>draw:red</em> <a href="#anchor-2668">20.156</a> a non destructive
filter for a linear transformation of the white balance of a pixel
image. </p>
<p>If any of these three attributes is specified, an offset is applied
to each pixel of an image while is it rendered. The offsets for each
color channel is given as a percentage in the range of -100% to +100%.
</p>
<p>These offsets is scaled to the range -2^bits to 2^bits, where bits is
the number of bits reserved for each color channel within the image. If
the resulting value is less than 0 it is set to 0 and if it is greater
than the maximum possible value it is set to the maximum. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: For example, if the <em>draw:blue</em> attribute has the value
50% and the blue color channel has 8 bits, then 128 is added to the blue
color value of each pixel inside the image before it is rendered. If
<em>draw:blue</em> has the value -50% then 128 is subtracted. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>draw:blue</em> attribute specifies the offset for the blue
color channel. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:blue</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:blue</em> attribute has the data type
<em>signedZeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-signedZeroToHundredPercent">18.3.30</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-angle"><span id="anchor-4480"></span><span
id="anchor-2620"></span>draw:caption-angle</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-angle</em> attribute specifies the leaving angle
of the line of a caption. It is evaluated only if the
<em>draw:caption-angle-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2621">20.103</a>
attribute has the value fixed. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-angle</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-angle</em> attribute has the data type
<em>angle</em> <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-angle-type"><span id="anchor-4481"></span><span
id="anchor-2621"></span>draw:caption-angle-type</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-angle-type</em> attribute specifies if the
leaving angle of the line of a caption is fixed or free. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:caption-angle-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>fixed: leaving angle of line from caption has been specified by a
<em>draw:caption-angle <a href="#anchor-2620">20.102</a></em>
attribute.</li>
<li>free: consumer can choose the best possible leaving angle of the
line from a caption.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-angle-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:caption-angle-type</em> attribute are
fixed or free.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-escape"><span id="anchor-4482"></span><span
id="anchor-2622"></span>draw:caption-escape</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-escape</em> attribute specifies the point where
a caption's connector is connected to the caption's text area, measured
from the top left corner of the text area. The value can be an absolute
length or a percentage.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-escape</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:caption-escape</em> attribute are a value
of type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-escape-direction"><span
id="anchor-4483"></span><span
id="anchor-2623"></span>draw:caption-escape-direction</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-escape-direction</em> attribute specifies the
leaving direction for the line of a caption. If this is set to auto the
consumer can choose the best direction.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:caption-escape-direction</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: consumer should choose best leaving direction for a line of a
caption.</li>
<li>horizontal: the leaving line of a caption should be drawn
horizontally.</li>
<li>vertical: the leaving line of a caption should be drawn
vertically.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-escape-direction</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:caption-escape-direction</em> attribute
are horizontal, vertical or auto.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-fit-line-length"><span id="anchor-4484"></span><span
id="anchor-2624"></span>draw:caption-fit-line-length</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-fit-line-length</em> attribute enables the
consumer to determine the best possible length for a caption line.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:caption-fit-line-length</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: length for caption line is fixed.</li>
<li>true: consumer should determine the best possible length for a
caption line.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-fit-line-length</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-fit-line-length</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-gap"><span id="anchor-4485"></span><span
id="anchor-2625"></span>draw:caption-gap</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-gap</em> attribute specifies the distance
between the text area of the caption and the start of the line.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-gap</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-gap</em> attribute has the data type
<em>distance</em> <a href="#datatype-distance">18.3.15</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-line-length"><span id="anchor-4486"></span><span
id="anchor-2626"></span>draw:caption-line-length</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-line-length</em> attribute specifies the length
of the first line of a caption. The attribute is only evaluated if
<em>draw:caption-fit-line-length</em> <a href="#anchor-2624">20.106</a>
has the value false.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-line-length</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-line-length</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcaption-type"><span id="anchor-4487"></span><span
id="anchor-2627"></span>draw:caption-type</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-type</em> attribute specifies the geometry of
the line of a caption. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:caption-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>angled-connector-line: a line in leaving direction is drawn,
followed by a line to the caption point.</li>
<li>angled-line: a line is drawn to the caption point.</li>
<li>straight-line: a line perpendicular to the leaving direction is
drawn to the caption point.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:caption-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:caption-type</em> attribute are
straight-line, angled-line or angled-connector-line.</p>
<h2 id="drawcolor-inversion"><span id="anchor-4488"></span><span
id="anchor-2628"></span>draw:color-inversion</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:color-inversion</em> attribute specifies whether the
colors in the graphic shape should be inverted.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Given a color "#rrggbb", where rr, gg and bb are 8-bit
hexadecimal digits, the inverted color is "#RRGGBB" where RR is the 8
bit hexadecimal number obtained as the difference of hexadecimal FF and
rr, GG is the 8-bit hexadecimal number obtained as the difference of
hexadecimal FF (=255) and gg, and BB is the 8 bit hexadecimal number
obtained as the difference of hexadecimal FF (=255) and bb. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:color-inversion</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: colors in a graphic shape should not be inverted.</li>
<li>true: colors in a graphic shape should be inverted.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:color-inversion</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:color-inversion</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawcolor-mode"><span id="anchor-4489"></span><span
id="anchor-2629"></span>draw:color-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:color-mode</em> attribute sets the output of colors from
a source bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:color-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>greyscale: image is displayed using intensity only.</li>
<li>mono: image is displayed in black and white.</li>
<li>standard: image is displayed without modification by the
<em>draw:color-mode</em> attribute.</li>
<li>watermark: colors are modified to make the resulting image
transparent.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:color-mode</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:color-mode</em> attribute are greyscale,
mono, watermark or standard.</p>
<h2 id="drawcontrast"><span id="anchor-4490"></span><span
id="anchor-2630"></span>draw:contrast</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:contrast</em> attribute specifies a signed percentage
value that sets the output contrast of a bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:contrast</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:contrast</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawdecimal-places"><span id="anchor-4491"></span><span
id="anchor-2631"></span>draw:decimal-places</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:decimal-places</em> attribute specifies the number of
decimal places that are used for the measure text.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:decimal-places</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:decimal-places</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawdraw-aspect"><span id="anchor-4492"></span><span
id="anchor-2632"></span>draw:draw-aspect</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:draw-aspect</em> attribute specifies the display
embedded objects. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:draw-aspect</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>content: Specifies an object is displayed as an embedded object
inside a frame.</li>
<li>icon: Specifies an icon to display.</li>
<li>print-view: Specifies an object is displayed as in a print
preview.</li>
<li>thumbnail: Specifies a thumbnail of an object is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:draw-aspect</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:draw-aspect</em> attribute are content,
thumbnail, icon or print-view.</p>
<h2 id="drawend-guide"><span id="anchor-4493"></span><span
id="anchor-2633"></span>draw:end-guide</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:end-guide</em> attribute specifies a length that is
added to the length of the end extension line. The extension line is
extended by this length towards the end reference point.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-guide</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-guide</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawend-line-spacing-horizontal"><span
id="anchor-4494"></span><span
id="anchor-2634"></span>draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal</em> attribute increments
the length of the leaving line from the end shape. For line connectors,
it specifies the absolute length of the leaving line from the end shape.
For other connector types, it is ignored. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-line-spacing-horizontal</em> attribute has the data
type <em>distance</em> <a href="#datatype-distance">18.3.15</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawend-line-spacing-vertical"><span
id="anchor-4495"></span><span
id="anchor-2635"></span>draw:end-line-spacing-vertical</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:end-line-spacing-vertical</em> attribute increments the
length of the leaving line from the end shape. For line connectors, it
specifies the absolute length of the leaving line from the end shape.
For other connector types, it is ignored. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-line-spacing-vertical</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:end-line-spacing-vertical</em> attribute has the data
type <em>distance</em> <a href="#datatype-distance">18.3.15</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill"><span id="anchor-4496"></span><span
id="anchor-2636"></span>draw:fill</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill</em> attribute specifies the fill style for a
graphic object. Graphic objects that are not closed will not be filled.
</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: A path without a closepath at the end is open and will not be
filled.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:fill</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>bitmap: the drawing object is filled with the bitmap specified by
the <em>draw:fill-image-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2642">20.124</a>
attribute.</li>
<li>gradient: the drawing object is filled with the gradient specified
by the <em>draw:fill-gradient-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2638">20.120</a> attribute.</li>
<li>hatch: the drawing object is filled with the hatch specified by the
<em>draw:fill-hatch-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2639">20.121</a>
attribute.</li>
<li>none: the drawing object is not filled.</li>
<li>solid: the drawing object is filled with the color specified by the
<em>draw:fill-color <a href="#anchor-2637">20.119</a></em>
attribute.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:fill</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:fill</em> attribute are none, solid,
bitmap, gradient or hatch.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill-color"><span id="anchor-4497"></span><span
id="anchor-2637"></span>draw:fill-color</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-color</em> attribute specifies the color of the
fill for a graphic object. It is used only if the <em>draw:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-2636">20.118</a> attribute has one of the values solid or
hatch.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-color</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill-gradient-name"><span id="anchor-4498"></span><span
id="anchor-2638"></span>draw:fill-gradient-name</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-gradient-name</em> attribute specifies a gradient
style that is used for filling graphic objects. It is used only if the
<em>draw:fill</em> <a href="#anchor-2636">20.118</a> attribute has the
value gradient.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-gradient-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-gradient-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill-hatch-name"><span id="anchor-4499"></span><span
id="anchor-2639"></span>draw:fill-hatch-name</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-hatch-name</em> attribute specifies a hatch style
that is used for filling. It is used only if the <em>draw:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-2636">20.118</a> attribute has the value hatch. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-hatch-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-hatch-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill-hatch-solid"><span id="anchor-4500"></span><span
id="anchor-2640"></span>draw:fill-hatch-solid</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-hatch-solid</em> attribute specifies whether the
background of a hatch filling is solid or transparent.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:fill-hatch-solid</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: background of a hatch filling should be transparent.</li>
<li>true: background of a hatch filling is filled with the color
specified by the <em>draw:fill-color <a
href="#anchor-2637">20.119</a></em> attribute.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-hatch-solid</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-hatch-solid</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill-image-height"><span id="anchor-4501"></span><span
id="anchor-2641"></span>draw:fill-image-height</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-height</em> attribute overrides the logical
height of a source image that is used for filling. If the value of the
<em>style:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-2704">20.341</a> attribute is
stretch, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-height</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:fill-image-height</em> attribute are a
value of type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or
a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill-image-name"><span id="anchor-4502"></span><span
id="anchor-2642"></span>draw:fill-image-name</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-name</em> attribute specifies a fill image
that is used for filling. It is used only if the <em>draw:fill</em> <a
href="#anchor-2636">20.118</a> attribute has the value bitmap. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill-image-ref-point"><span id="anchor-4503"></span><span
id="anchor-2643"></span>draw:fill-image-ref-point</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point</em> attribute specifies an
alignment of an image in the filling area. </p>
<p>If an alignment (<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point</em>) and a movement
(<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x <a href="#anchor-2644">20.126</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y <a href="#anchor-2645">20.127</a></em>)
are specified at the same time, the image first is aligned and then
moved.</p>
<p>This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current
<em>style:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-2704">20.341</a> attribute is
repeat.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>bottom: image aligned with the bottom of the filling area.</li>
<li>bottom-left: image aligned with the bottom-left of the filling
area.</li>
<li>bottom-right: image aligned with the bottom-right of the filling
area.</li>
<li>center: image aligned with the center of the filling area.</li>
<li>left: image aligned with the left of the filling area.</li>
<li>right: image aligned with the right of the filling area.</li>
<li>top: image aligned with the top of the filling area.</li>
<li>top-left: image aligned with the top-left of the filling area.</li>
<li>top-right: image aligned with the top-right of the filling
area.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point</em> attribute are
top-left, top, top-right, left, center, right, bottom-left, bottom or
bottom-right.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill-image-ref-point-x"><span id="anchor-4504"></span><span
id="anchor-2644"></span>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x</em> attribute specifies the
horizontal movement of an image as a percentage value, where the
percentage value is relative to the image width. </p>
<p>If an alignment (<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point <a
href="#anchor-2643">20.125</a></em>) and a movement
(<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x</em>, <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y
<a href="#anchor-2645">20.127</a></em>) is specified at the same time,
the image first is aligned and then moved.</p>
<p>This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current
<em>style:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-2704">20.341</a> attribute is
repeat.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill-image-ref-point-y"><span id="anchor-4505"></span><span
id="anchor-2645"></span>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y</em> attribute specifies the
vertical movement of an image as a percentage value, where the
percentage value is relative to the image width. </p>
<p>If an alignment (<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point <a
href="#anchor-2643">20.125</a></em>) and a movement
(<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-x <a href="#anchor-2644">20.126</a></em>,
<em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y</em>) is specified at the same time, the
image first is aligned and then moved.</p>
<p>This attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current
<em>style:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-2704">20.341</a> attribute is
repeat.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-ref-point-y</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfill-image-width"><span id="anchor-4506"></span><span
id="anchor-2646"></span>draw:fill-image-width</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-width</em> attribute overrides the logical
width of a source image that is used for filling. If the value of the
<em>style:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-2704">20.341</a> attribute is
stretch, this attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fill-image-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:fill-image-width</em> attribute are a
value of type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or
a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfit-to-contour"><span id="anchor-4507"></span><span
id="anchor-2647"></span>draw:fit-to-contour</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fit-to-contour</em> attribute specifies whether to
stretch the text content of a drawing object to fill the contour of an
object. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:fit-to-contour</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text content should not be stretched to fill the contour of
an object.</li>
<li>true: text content should be stretched to fill the contour of an
object.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:fit-to-contour</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fit-to-contour</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawfit-to-size"><span id="anchor-4508"></span><span
id="anchor-2648"></span>draw:fit-to-size</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:fit-to-size</em> attribute specifies whether to stretch
the text content of a drawing object to fill an entire object. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:fit-to-size</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text content should not be stretched to fill an entire
object.</li>
<li>true: text content should be stretched to fill an entire
object.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:fit-to-size</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:fit-to-size</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawframe-display-border"><span id="anchor-4509"></span><span
id="anchor-2649"></span>draw:frame-display-border</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-display-border</em> attribute specifies whether a
border is displayed on a floating frame. This attribute can be used with
automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:frame-display-border</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: a border should not be displayed on a floating frame.</li>
<li>true: a border should be displayed on a floating frame.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-display-border</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-display-border</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawframe-margin-horizontal"><span id="anchor-4510"></span><span
id="anchor-2651"></span>draw:frame-margin-horizontal</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-margin-horizontal</em> attribute specifies the
horizontal margin between the border and the content of the floating
frame. If this attribute is not specified, the default margin is used.
This attribute can be used with automatic styles only. The value of this
attribute shall be a length in pixels.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-margin-horizontal</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-margin-horizontal</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativePixelLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativePixelLength">18.3.21</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawframe-display-scrollbar"><span id="anchor-4511"></span><span
id="anchor-2650"></span>draw:frame-display-scrollbar</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-display-scrollbar</em> attribute specifies whether
vertical and horizontal scrollbars are displayed. This attribute can be
assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:frame-display-scrollbar</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: vertical and horizontal scrollbars should not be
displayed.</li>
<li>true: vertical and horizontal scrollbars should be displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-display-scrollbar</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-display-scrollbar</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawframe-margin-vertical"><span id="anchor-4512"></span><span
id="anchor-2652"></span>draw:frame-margin-vertical</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-margin-vertical</em> attribute specifies the
vertical margin between the border and the content of the floating
frame. If this attribute is not specified, the default margin is used.
This attribute can be used with automatic styles only. The value of this
attribute shall be a length in pixels.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-margin-vertical</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:frame-margin-vertical</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativePixelLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativePixelLength">18.3.21</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawgamma"><span id="anchor-4513"></span><span
id="anchor-2653"></span>draw:gamma</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:gamma</em> attribute specifies a value that sets the
output gamma of a bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:gamma</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:gamma</em> attribute has the data type <em>percent</em>
<a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawgreen"><span id="anchor-4514"></span><span
id="anchor-2655"></span>draw:green</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:green</em> attribute specifies together with the
attributes <em>draw:blue</em> <a href="#anchor-2619">20.101</a> and
<em>draw:red</em> <a href="#anchor-2668">20.156</a> a non destructive
filter for a linear transformation of the white balance of a pixel
image.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:green</em> attribute specifies the offset for the green
color channel. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:green</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:green</em> attribute has the data type
<em>signedZeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-signedZeroToHundredPercent">18.3.30</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawgradient-step-count"><span id="anchor-4515"></span><span
id="anchor-2654"></span>draw:gradient-step-count</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:gradient-step-count</em> attribute specifies the
gradient step count of a color interpolation. </p>
<ul>
<li><ul>
<li>Value 0 means that the step count is automatically calculated on the
size and resolution of the filled area.</li>
<li>Values 1 and 2 shall not be used.</li>
<li>Values of 3 or greater mean that the step count is that fixed
value.</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>A gradient step count of color interpolation may be above 256.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:gradient-step-count</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:gradient-step-count</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawguide-distance"><span id="anchor-4516"></span><span
id="anchor-2656"></span>draw:guide-distance</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:guide-distance</em> attribute specifies the distance
between the reference points and the start point of extension lines.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: This distance may be further modified for the start and end
extensions lines individually with the <em>draw:start-guide</em> <a
href="#anchor-2676">20.164</a> and <em>draw:end-guide</em> <a
href="#anchor-2633">20.115</a> attributes.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>draw:guide-distance</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:guide-distance</em> attribute has the data type
<em>distance</em> <a href="#datatype-distance">18.3.15</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawguide-overhang"><span id="anchor-4517"></span><span
id="anchor-2657"></span>draw:guide-overhang</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:guide-overhang</em> attribute specifies the length of
extension lines after their intersection with a dimension line.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:guide-overhang</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:guide-overhang</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawimage-opacity"><span id="anchor-4518"></span><span
id="anchor-2658"></span>draw:image-opacity</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:image-opacity</em> attribute specifies the opacity of an
image. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:image-opacity</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:image-opacity</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawline-distance"><span id="anchor-4519"></span><span
id="anchor-2659"></span>draw:line-distance</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:line-distance</em> attribute specifies the distance
between a reference line (as defined by the reference points) and a
dimension line. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:line-distance</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:line-distance</em> attribute has the data type
<em>distance</em> <a href="#datatype-distance">18.3.15</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawluminance"><span id="anchor-4520"></span><span
id="anchor-2660"></span>draw:luminance</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:luminance</em> attribute specifies a signed percentage
value that sets the output luminance of a bitmap or raster graphic.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:luminance</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:luminance</em> attribute has the data type
<em>signedZeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-signedZeroToHundredPercent">18.3.30</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmarker-end"><span id="anchor-4521"></span><span
id="anchor-2394"></span>draw:marker-end</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-end</em> attribute specifies a stroke end marker,
which is a path that can be connected to the end of a stroke.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-end</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-end</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmarker-end-center"><span id="anchor-4522"></span><span
id="anchor-2398"></span>draw:marker-end-center</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-end-center</em> attribute specifies whether an
end marker is centered at the end of a stroke.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:marker-end-center</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: an end marker should not be centered at the end of a
stroke.</li>
<li>true: an end marker should be centered at the end of a stroke.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-end-center</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-end-center</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmarker-end-width"><span id="anchor-4523"></span><span
id="anchor-2396"></span>draw:marker-end-width</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-end-width</em> attribute specifies the width of
the marker at the end of a stroke.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-end-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-end-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmarker-start"><span id="anchor-4524"></span><span
id="anchor-2393"></span>draw:marker-start</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-start</em> attribute specifies a stroke start
marker, which is a path that can be connected to the start of a
stroke.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-start</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-start</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmarker-start-center"><span id="anchor-4525"></span><span
id="anchor-2397"></span>draw:marker-start-center</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-start-center</em> attribute specifies whether a
start marker is centered at the start of a stroke.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:marker-start-center</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: a start marker should not be centered at the start of a
stroke.</li>
<li>true: a start marker should be centered at the start of a
stroke.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-start-center</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-start-center</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmarker-start-width"><span id="anchor-4526"></span><span
id="anchor-2395"></span>draw:marker-start-width</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-start-width</em> attribute specifies the width of
the marker at the start of a stroke.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-start-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:marker-start-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawmeasure-align"><span id="anchor-4527"></span><span
id="anchor-2661"></span>draw:measure-align</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:measure-align</em> attribute specifies the horizontal
alignment of a measure text relative to its measure line.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:measure-align</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>automatic: horizontal alignment of a measure text relative to its
measure line is chosen by the consumer.</li>
<li>inside: horizontal alignment of a measure text should be inside
relative to its measure line.</li>
<li>left-outside: horizontal alignment of a measure text should be
left-outside relative to its measure line.</li>
<li>right-outside: horizontal alignment of a measure text should be
right-outside relative to its measure line.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:measure-align</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:measure-align</em> attribute are
automatic, left-outside, inside or right-outside.</p>
<h2 id="drawmeasure-vertical-align"><span id="anchor-4528"></span><span
id="anchor-2662"></span>draw:measure-vertical-align</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:measure-vertical-align</em> attribute specifies the
vertical alignment of a measure text relative to its measure line. If
the value of this attribute is automatic, the consumer chooses the best
position.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:measure-vertical-align</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>above: vertical alignment of a measure text should be above relative
to its measure line.</li>
<li>automatic: vertical alignment of a measure text relative to its
measure line is chosen by the consumer.</li>
<li>below: vertical alignment of a measure text should be below relative
to its measure line.</li>
<li>center: vertical alignment of a measure text should be centered
relative to its measure line.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:measure-vertical-align</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:measure-vertical-align</em> attribute are
automatic, above, below or center.</p>
<h2 id="drawole-draw-aspect-deprecated"><span
id="anchor-4529"></span><span
id="anchor-2663"></span>draw:ole-draw-aspect (deprecated) </h2>
<p>The <em>draw:ole-draw-aspect</em> attribute specifies the display of
embedded objects. See <span class="citation"
data-cites="OLE">[OLE]</span>. </p>
<p>The use of this attribute is deprecated. The
<em>draw:draw-aspect</em> <a href="#anchor-2632">20.114</a> attribute
should be used instead.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:ole-draw-aspect</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:ole-draw-aspect</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawopacity-5"><span id="anchor-4530"></span><span
id="anchor-2664"></span>draw:opacity</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:opacity</em> attribute specifies the opacity for an
image or graphic object. The value is a percentage, where 0% is
transparent and 100% is opaque.</p>
<p>The defined value range for the <em>draw:opacity</em> attribute is 0%
to 100%, inclusive. </p>
<p>Use of the <em>draw:opacity</em> attribute disables any transparency
effect and set the opacity for the fill area of a graphic object.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:opacity</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:opacity</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawopacity-name"><span id="anchor-4531"></span><span
id="anchor-2665"></span>draw:opacity-name</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:opacity-name</em> attribute specifies an opacity
gradient that defines the opacity for the fill area of a graphic object.
When applying an opacity gradient, the opacity is interpolated as
defined in the referenced opacity gradient style. Opacity is applied
after other fill styles have been applied to an image or graphic
object.</p>
<p>The value of this attribute overrides the <em>draw:opacity</em> <a
href="#anchor-2664">20.152</a> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:opacity-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:opacity-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawparallel"><span id="anchor-4532"></span><span
id="anchor-2666"></span>draw:parallel</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:parallel</em> attribute specifies whether a measure text
is displayed parallel to its measure line or perpendicular to it.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:parallel</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: measure text is displayed perpendicular to its measure
line.</li>
<li>true: measure text is displayed parallel to its measure line.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:parallel</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:parallel</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawplacing"><span id="anchor-4533"></span><span
id="anchor-2667"></span>draw:placing</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:placing</em> attribute specifies whether the measure
line is rendered below or above the edge defined by the two reference
points. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:placing</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>above: measure line is rendered above the edge defined by two
reference points.</li>
<li>below: measure line is rendered below the edge defined by two
reference points.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:placing</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:placing</em> attribute are below or
above.</p>
<h2 id="drawred"><span id="anchor-4534"></span><span
id="anchor-2668"></span>draw:red</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:red</em> attribute specifies together with the
attributes <em>draw:blue</em> <a href="#anchor-2619">20.101</a> and
<em>draw:green</em> <a href="#anchor-2655">20.136</a> a non destructive
filter for a linear transformation of the white balance of a pixel
image. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:red</em> attribute specifies the offset for the red
color channel. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:red</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:red</em> attribute has the data type
<em>signedZeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-signedZeroToHundredPercent">18.3.30</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawsecondary-fill-color"><span id="anchor-4535"></span><span
id="anchor-2669"></span>draw:secondary-fill-color</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:secondary-fill-color</em> attribute specifies a
secondary fill color. It may be used as fill color for the
extrusion.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:secondary-fill-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:secondary-fill-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawshadow"><span id="anchor-4536"></span><span
id="anchor-2670"></span>draw:shadow</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow</em> attribute enables or disables the visibility
of a shadow.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:shadow</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>hidden: a shadow should not be visible.</li>
<li>visible: a shadow should be visible.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:shadow</em> attribute are visible or
hidden.</p>
<h2 id="drawshadow-color"><span id="anchor-4537"></span><span
id="anchor-2671"></span>draw:shadow-color</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-color</em> attribute specifies the color in which
a shadow is rendered.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-color</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawshadow-offset-x"><span id="anchor-4538"></span><span
id="anchor-2672"></span>draw:shadow-offset-x</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-offset-x</em> attribute along with the
<em>draw:shadow-offset-y</em> <a href="#anchor-2673">20.161</a>
attribute are used to render a shadow. </p>
<p>A copy of the shape is rendered in the single shadow color (specified
by <em>draw:shadow-color <a href="#anchor-2671">20.159</a></em>) behind
the shape. The offset attributes specify the offset between the top left
edge of the shape and the top left edge of the border.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-offset-x</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-offset-x</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawshadow-offset-y"><span id="anchor-4539"></span><span
id="anchor-2673"></span>draw:shadow-offset-y</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-offset-y</em> attribute along with the
<em>draw:shadow-offset-x</em> <a href="#anchor-2672">20.160</a>
attribute are used to render a shadow. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-offset-y</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-offset-y</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawshadow-opacity"><span id="anchor-4540"></span><span
id="anchor-2674"></span>draw:shadow-opacity</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-opacity</em> attribute specifies the opacity in
which the shadow is rendered. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-opacity</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:shadow-opacity</em> attribute has the data type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawshow-unit"><span id="anchor-4541"></span><span
id="anchor-2675"></span>draw:show-unit</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:show-unit</em> attribute specifies the visibility of a
unit in the textual presentation of a measure shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:show-unit</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: units should not be visible in the textual presentation of a
measure shape.</li>
<li>true: units should be visible in the textual presentation of a
measure shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:show-unit</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:show-unit</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstart-guide"><span id="anchor-4542"></span><span
id="anchor-2676"></span>draw:start-guide</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:start-guide</em> attribute specifies a length that is
added to the length of a start extension line. The extension line is
extended by this length towards the start reference point. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-guide</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-guide</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstart-line-spacing-horizontal"><span
id="anchor-4543"></span><span
id="anchor-2677"></span>draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal</em> attribute increments
the length of the leaving line from the start shape for standard
connectors. For lines connectors, these attributes specify the absolute
length of the leaving line from the start shape. For other connector
types, they are ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-line-spacing-horizontal</em> attribute has the
data type <em>distance</em> <a
href="#datatype-distance">18.3.15</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstart-line-spacing-vertical"><span
id="anchor-4544"></span><span
id="anchor-2678"></span>draw:start-line-spacing-vertical</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:start-line-spacing-vertical</em> attribute increments
the length of the leaving line from the start shape for standard
connectors. For lines connectors, these attributes specify the absolute
length of the leaving line from the start shape. For other connector
types, they are ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-line-spacing-vertical</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:start-line-spacing-vertical</em> attribute has the data
type <em>distance</em> <a href="#datatype-distance">18.3.15</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstroke"><span id="anchor-4545"></span><span
id="anchor-2679"></span>draw:stroke</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:stroke</em> attribute specifies the style of the stroke
on the current object. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:stroke</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>dash: stroke referenced by a <em>draw:stroke-dash</em> <a
href="#anchor-2680">20.168</a> attribute of a style on the object is
drawn.</li>
<li>none: no stroke is drawn.</li>
<li>solid: solid stroke is drawn.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:stroke</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:stroke</em> attribute are none, dash or
solid.</p>
<h2 id="drawstroke-dash-5"><span id="anchor-4546"></span><span
id="anchor-2680"></span>draw:stroke-dash</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:stroke-dash</em> attribute specifies the dash style that
is used for a stroke.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:stroke-dash</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:stroke-dash</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRef</em> <a href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstroke-dash-names"><span id="anchor-4547"></span><span
id="anchor-2681"></span>draw:stroke-dash-names</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:stroke-dash-names</em> attribute specifies a list of
dash styles that are used for the stroke in addition to the dash
specified by the <em>draw:stroke-dash</em> <a
href="#anchor-2680">20.168</a> attribute.</p>
<p>For each dash style referenced by the attribute a stroke using that
dash style is drawn on top of the already drawn strokes. </p>
<p>The <em>draw:stroke-dash-names</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:stroke-dash-names</em> attribute has the data type
<em>styleNameRefs</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRefs">18.3.33</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawstroke-linejoin"><span id="anchor-4548"></span><span
id="anchor-2682"></span>draw:stroke-linejoin</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:stroke-linejoin</em> attribute specifies the shape at
the corners of paths or other vector shapes when they are stroked. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:stroke-linejoin</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>bevel: See §11.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</li>
<li>middle: mean value between joins is used (deprecated)</li>
<li>miter: See §11.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</li>
<li>none: no shape specified.</li>
<li>round: See §11.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:stroke-linejoin</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:stroke-linejoin</em> attribute are miter,
round, bevel, middle or none.</p>
<h2 id="svgstroke-linecap"><span id="anchor-4549"></span><span
id="anchor-2712"></span>svg:stroke-linecap</h2>
<p>The <em>svg:stroke-linecap</em> attribute specifies the shape of the
end of open subpaths when they are stroked. </p>
<p>For a dashed line, caps are applied to each dash. The values of the
<em>draw:dots1-length <a href="#anchor-2401">19.136</a></em>,
<em>draw:dots2-length</em> <a href="#anchor-2403">19.138</a> and
<em>draw:distance</em> <a href="#anchor-2386">19.134</a> attributes of
the referenced <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2680">20.168</a> element refer to the dashes without
cap.</p>
<p>If the referenced <em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> element has an
attribute <em>draw:style <a href="#anchor-2372">19.218</a></em>, the
attribute <em>draw:style</em> is ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>svg:stroke-linecap</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>butt: See §11.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</li>
<li>round: See §11.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</li>
<li>square: See §11.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>svg:stroke-linecap</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:stroke-linecap</em> attribute are butt,
square or round.</p>
<h2 id="drawsymbol-color"><span id="anchor-4550"></span><span
id="anchor-2683"></span>draw:symbol-color</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:symbol-color</em> attribute defines the color to be used
to draw symbols contained on the drawing object.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:symbol-color</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:symbol-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawtextarea-horizontal-align"><span
id="anchor-4551"></span><span
id="anchor-2684"></span>draw:textarea-horizontal-align</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:textarea-horizontal-align</em> attribute specifies the
horizontal alignment of the text area inside a shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:textarea-horizontal-align</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>center: text area is centered horizontally inside a shape. </li>
<li>justify: text area is justified horizontally inside a shape. </li>
<li>left: text area is left aligned horizontally inside a shape. </li>
<li>right: text area is right aligned horizontally inside a shape. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:textarea-horizontal-align</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:textarea-horizontal-align</em> attribute
are left, center, right or justify.</p>
<h2 id="drawtextarea-vertical-align"><span id="anchor-4552"></span><span
id="anchor-2685"></span>draw:textarea-vertical-align</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:textarea-vertical-align</em> attribute specifies the
vertical alignment of the text area inside a shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:textarea-vertical-align</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>bottom: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should start
at the bottom of the shape.</li>
<li>justify: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should be
justified.</li>
<li>middle: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should start
at the middle of the shape.</li>
<li>top: vertical alignment of text area inside a shape should start at
the top of the shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:textarea-vertical-align</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:textarea-vertical-align</em> attribute are
top, middle, bottom or justify.</p>
<h2 id="drawtile-repeat-offset"><span id="anchor-4553"></span><span
id="anchor-2686"></span>draw:tile-repeat-offset</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:tile-repeat-offset</em> attribute specifies for tiling
the translation of each tile in relation to the previous tile. This
attribute is only interpreted if the value of the current
<em>style:repeat</em> <a href="#anchor-2704">20.341</a> attribute is
repeat. The value of this attribute is a percentage value representing
the tiles repeat offset relative to the tiles height or width, followed
by either the word horizontal or vertical.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:tile-repeat-offset</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>horizontal: images are tiled horizontally with regard to the
previous tile.</li>
<li>vertical: images are tiled vertically with regard to the previous
tile.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:tile-repeat-offset</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:tile-repeat-offset</em> attribute has two white space
separated values. The first value is of type
<em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>. The second value is
one of: horizontal or vertical.</p>
<h2 id="drawvisible-area-height"><span id="anchor-4554"></span><span
id="anchor-2688"></span>draw:visible-area-height</h2>
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the
<em>draw:visible-area-height</em> attribute along with the
<em>draw:visible-area-left <a href="#anchor-2689">20.177</a></em>,
<em>draw:visible-area-top <a href="#anchor-2690">20.178</a></em>,
<em>draw:visible-area-width</em> <a href="#anchor-2691">20.179</a>
attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are
used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object
stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the
<em>draw:visible-area-left</em> and <em>draw:visible-area-top</em>
attributes are 0 and the <em>draw:visible-area-width</em> and
<em>draw:visible-area-height</em> attributes specify the size of the
object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:visible-area-height</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:visible-area-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawvisible-area-left"><span id="anchor-4555"></span><span
id="anchor-2689"></span>draw:visible-area-left</h2>
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the
<em>draw:visible-area-left</em> attribute along with the
<em>draw:visible-area-height <a href="#anchor-2688">20.176</a></em>,
<em>draw:visible-area-top <a href="#anchor-2690">20.178</a></em>,
<em>draw:visible-area-width</em> <a href="#anchor-2691">20.179</a>
attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are
used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object
stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the
<em>draw:visible-area-left</em> and <em>draw:visible-area-top</em>
attributes are 0 and the <em>draw:visible-area-width</em> and
<em>draw:visible-area-height</em> attributes specify the size of the
object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:visible-area-left</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:visible-area-left</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawvisible-area-top"><span id="anchor-4556"></span><span
id="anchor-2690"></span>draw:visible-area-top</h2>
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the
<em>draw:visible-area-top</em> attribute along with the
<em>draw:visible-area-left <a href="#anchor-2689">20.177</a></em>,
<em>draw:visible-area-height <a href="#anchor-2688">20.176</a></em>,
<em>draw:visible-area-width</em> <a href="#anchor-2691">20.179</a>
attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are
used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object
stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the
<em>draw:visible-area-left</em> and <em>draw:visible-area-top</em>
attributes are 0 and the <em>draw:visible-area-width</em> and
<em>draw:visible-area-height</em> attributes specify the size of the
object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:visible-area-top</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:visible-area-top</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawvisible-area-width"><span id="anchor-4557"></span><span
id="anchor-2691"></span>draw:visible-area-width</h2>
<p>The visible area of an object may be specified by the
<em>draw:visible-area-width</em> attribute along with the
<em>draw:visible-area-left <a href="#anchor-2689">20.177</a></em>,
<em>draw:visible-area-top <a href="#anchor-2690">20.178</a></em>,
<em>draw:visible-area-height</em> <a href="#anchor-2688">20.176</a>
attributes. It is implementation-defined whether these attributes are
used to specify the visible area, or whether the producer of the object
stores the visible area within the object itself. </p>
<p>When the entire object is visible, the values of the
<em>draw:visible-area-left</em> and <em>draw:visible-area-top</em>
attributes are 0 and the <em>draw:visible-area-width</em> and
<em>draw:visible-area-height</em> attributes specify the size of the
object. These attributes can be assigned to automatic styles only.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:visible-area-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>draw:visible-area-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="drawunit"><span id="anchor-4558"></span><span
id="anchor-2687"></span>draw:unit</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:unit</em> attribute specifies the unit of measurement
used in the textual presentation of a measure shape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:unit</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>automatic: unit of measurement chosen by consumer. </li>
<li>mm: millimeter.</li>
<li>cm: centimeter.</li>
<li>m: meter</li>
<li>km: kilometer.</li>
<li>pt: point.</li>
<li>pc: pica.</li>
<li>inch: inch.</li>
<li>ft: foot.</li>
<li>mi: mile.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:unit</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:unit</em> attribute are automatic, mm, cm,
m, km, pt, pc, inch, ft or mi.</p>
<h2 id="drawwrap-influence-on-position"><span
id="anchor-4559"></span><span
id="anchor-2692"></span>draw:wrap-influence-on-position</h2>
<p>The <em>draw:wrap-influence-on-position</em> attribute specifies
placement options for two or more frames or graphic objects with
<em>style:wrap</em> <a href="#anchor-2706">20.400</a> properties that
influence the placement of the other object. It is intended as a hint to
the layout algorithm to help determine the placement of frames in cases
where several correct placements are possible.</p>
<p>The situation in which this attribute makes a difference is when the
anchor, position and wrapping mode of a frame influence each other. For
example, consider a paragraph of text with two images positioned above
the anchor. Without wrapping, the images overlie the text and can simply
be placed at the given offset from the anchor.</p>
<figure>
<img src="Pictures/100000000000009A000000914DD412D78D619E56.png"
style="width:2cm;height:2.08cm" alt=" " />
<figcaption aria-hidden="true"> </figcaption>
</figure>
<p>If wrap-around is enabled, the text hidden behind the images now
should flow around the images, making the first paragraph use more space
than previously. This moves the anchor position further down. If the
placement is only done once and concurrently for all objects, this is
the final result. This corresponds to the option
<code>once-concurrent</code>.</p>
<figure>
<img src="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A059773B4C62FA218F.png"
style="width:2cm;height:2.08cm" alt=" " />
<figcaption aria-hidden="true"> </figcaption>
</figure>
<p>If one image is processed at a time, the position shown Figure
results. This corresponds to the option
<code>once-successive</code>.</p>
<figure>
<img src="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A09F8D783526AADC53.png"
style="width:2cm;height:2.08cm" alt=" " />
<figcaption aria-hidden="true"> </figcaption>
</figure>
<p>If the images are placed iteratively, until a position is found which
corresponds to the given offset from the anchor, a placement that fully
satisfies all the given layout formatting properties can be achieved.
This corresponds to the option <code>iterative</code>.</p>
<figure>
<img src="Pictures/100000000000009A000000A060B95E7C1823CB80.png"
style="width:2cm;height:2.08cm" alt=" " />
<figcaption aria-hidden="true"> </figcaption>
</figure>
<p>The defined values for the <em>draw:wrap-influence-on-position</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>iterative: images are placed iteratively until all specified layout
formatting properties are satisfied.</li>
<li>once-concurrent: images are aligned with one another.</li>
<li>once-successive: subsequent image is placed after the preceding
image.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>draw:wrap-influence-on-position</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>draw:wrap-influence-on-position</em> attribute
are iterative, once-concurrent or once-successive.</p>
<h2 id="fobackground-color"><span id="anchor-4560"></span><span
id="anchor-2221"></span>fo:background-color</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:background-color</em> attribute specifies a background
color for characters, paragraphs, text sections, frames, page bodies,
headers, footers, table cells, table rows and tables. This can be
transparent or a color. If the value is set to transparent, it switches
off any background image that is specified by a
<em>&lt;style:background-image&gt; <a
href="#anchor-1355">17.3</a></em>.</p>
<p>If a value for a <em>draw:fill</em> attribute is provided in a style,
any background image that is specified by a
<em>&lt;style:background-image&gt;</em> element and any background color
that is specified with the <em>fo:background-color</em> attribute are
switched off. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:background-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>, <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>, <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2030">17.17</a> and <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:background-color</em> attribute are
transparent or a value of type <em>color</em> <a
href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fo-border-properties"><span id="anchor-4561"></span><span
id="FO Border Properties"></span>fo Border Properties</h2>
<h3 id="general-112"><span id="anchor-4562"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:border</em>, <em>fo:border-top</em>,
<em>fo:border-bottom</em>, <em>fo:border-left</em> and
<em>fo:border-right</em> attributes specify border properties for these
elements:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em></li>
<li><em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em></li>
<li><em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em></li>
<li><em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em></li>
<li><em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="foborder"><span id="anchor-4563"></span><span
id="anchor-2412"></span>fo:border</h3>
<p>See §7.29.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:border</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:border</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="foborder-bottom"><span id="anchor-4564"></span><span
id="anchor-2413"></span>fo:border-bottom</h3>
<p>See §7.29.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:border-bottom</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:border-bottom</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="foborder-left"><span id="anchor-4565"></span><span
id="anchor-2414"></span>fo:border-left</h3>
<p>See §7.29.6 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:border-left</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:border-left</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="foborder-right"><span id="anchor-4566"></span><span
id="anchor-2415"></span>fo:border-right</h3>
<p>See §7.29.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:border-right</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:border-right</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h3 id="foborder-top"><span id="anchor-4567"></span><span
id="anchor-2416"></span>fo:border-top</h3>
<p>See §7.29.10 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:border-top</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:border-top</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fobreak-after"><span id="anchor-4568"></span><span
id="anchor-2481"></span>fo:break-after</h2>
<p>See §7.19.1 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.
The values odd-page and even-page are not supported.</p>
<p>This attribute shall not be used at the same time as
<em>fo:break-before</em>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:break-after</em> attribute does not support even-page, inherit
and odd-page values. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:break-after</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2028">17.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2030">17.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:break-after</em> attribute are auto, column
or page.</p>
<h2 id="fobreak-before"><span id="anchor-4569"></span><span
id="anchor-2482"></span>fo:break-before</h2>
<p>See §7.19.2 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.
The values odd-page and even-page are not supported.</p>
<p>This attribute shall not be used at the same time as
<em>fo:break-after</em>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:break-before</em> attribute does not support even-page, inherit
and odd-page values. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:break-before</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2028">17.16</a>, <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2030">17.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:break-before</em> attribute are auto, column
or page.</p>
<h2 id="foclip"><span id="anchor-4570"></span><span
id="anchor-2693"></span>fo:clip</h2>
<p>See §7.20.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the <em>fo:clip</em>
attribute does not support em and px values. </p>
<p>The defined value for the <em>fo:clip</em> attribute is a value of
type <em>clipShape</em> <a href="#datatype-clipShape">18.3.8</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:clip</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:clip</em> attribute are auto or a value of
type <em>clipShape</em> <a href="#datatype-clipShape">18.3.8</a>.</p>
<h2 id="focolor"><span id="anchor-4571"></span><span
id="anchor-2222"></span>fo:color</h2>
<p>See §7.17.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the <em>fo:color</em>
attribute does not support the inherit value. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:color</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:color</em> attribute has the data type <em>color</em> <a
href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="focountry-1"><span id="anchor-4572"></span><span
id="anchor-2223"></span>fo:country</h2>
<p>See §7.9.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a
<em>fo:language</em> <a href="#anchor-2232">20.202</a> attribute.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the <em>fo:country</em>
attribute does not support none or inherit values. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:country</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:country</em> attribute has the data type
<em>countryCode</em> <a href="#datatype-countryCode">18.3.11</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fofont-family"><span id="anchor-4573"></span><span
id="anchor-2224"></span>fo:font-family</h2>
<p>See §7.8.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:font-family</em> attribute is evaluated for any <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose
script type is latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2247">20.277</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:font-family</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:font-family</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fofont-size"><span id="anchor-4574"></span><span
id="anchor-2225"></span>fo:font-size</h2>
<p>See §7.8.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The value of this attribute is either an absolute length or a
percentage as described in §7.8.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>. In contrast to XSL, percentage values can
be used within common styles only and are based on the font height of
the parent style rather than to the font height of the attributes
neighborhood. Absolute font heights and relative font heights are not
supported.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The <em>style:font-size-asian</em> attribute (<a
href="#anchor-2254">20.284</a>) is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose type is asian. <a
href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a> The <em>style:font-size-complex</em>
attribute (<a href="#anchor-2255">20.285</a>) is evaluated for <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose
type is complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:font-size</em> attribute does not support absolute-size, inherit
and relative-size values. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:font-size</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:font-size</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>positiveLength</em> <a href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>
or a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fofont-style"><span id="anchor-4575"></span><span
id="anchor-2226"></span>fo:font-style</h2>
<p>See §7.8.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:font-style</em> attribute does not support backslant and inherit
values.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:font-style</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:font-style</em> attribute are normal, italic
or oblique.</p>
<h2 id="fofont-variant"><span id="anchor-4576"></span><span
id="anchor-2227"></span>fo:font-variant</h2>
<p>See §7.8.8 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:font-variant</em> attribute does not support the inherit
value.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:font-variant</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:font-variant</em> attribute are normal or
small-caps.</p>
<h2 id="fofont-weight"><span id="anchor-4577"></span><span
id="anchor-2228"></span>fo:font-weight</h2>
<p>See §7.8.9 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:font-weight</em> attribute does not support bolder, inherit and
lighter values.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:font-weight</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:font-weight</em> attribute are normal, bold,
100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<h2 id="foheight"><span id="anchor-4578"></span><span
id="anchor-2583"></span>fo:height</h2>
<p>See §7.14.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:height</em> attribute is used with <em>fo:width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2584">20.229</a> to set the size of a bullet image. </p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the <em>fo:height</em>
attribute does not support auto, inherit and percentage values. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fohyphenate"><span id="anchor-4579"></span><span
id="anchor-2229"></span>fo:hyphenate</h2>
<p>See §7.9.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:hyphenate</em> attribute does not support the inherit value. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:hyphenate</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:hyphenate</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fohyphenation-keep"><span id="anchor-4580"></span><span
id="anchor-2483"></span>fo:hyphenation-keep</h2>
<p>See §7.15.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:hyphenation-keep</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:hyphenation-keep</em> attribute are auto or
page.</p>
<h2 id="fohyphenation-ladder-count"><span id="anchor-4581"></span><span
id="anchor-2484"></span>fo:hyphenation-ladder-count</h2>
<p>See §7.15.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>fo:hyphenation-ladder-count</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>no-limit:</li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveInteger</em></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>fo:hyphenation-ladder-count</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:hyphenation-ladder-count</em> attribute are
no-limit or a value of type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fohyphenation-push-char-count"><span
id="anchor-4582"></span><span
id="anchor-2230"></span>fo:hyphenation-push-char-count</h2>
<p>See §7.9.6 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:hyphenation-push-char-count</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:hyphenation-push-char-count</em> attribute has the data
type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fohyphenation-remain-char-count"><span
id="anchor-4583"></span><span
id="anchor-2231"></span>fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count</h2>
<p>See §7.9.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:hyphenation-remain-char-count</em> attribute has the data
type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fokeep-together"><span id="anchor-4584"></span><span
id="anchor-2485"></span>fo:keep-together</h2>
<p>See §7.19.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:keep-together</em> attribute does not support the integer
value.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:keep-together</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2030">17.17</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:keep-together</em> attribute are auto or
always.</p>
<h2 id="fokeep-with-next"><span id="anchor-4585"></span><span
id="anchor-2486"></span>fo:keep-with-next</h2>
<p>See §7.19.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:keep-with-next</em> attribute does not support the integer
value.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:keep-with-next</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:keep-with-next</em> attribute are auto or
always.</p>
<h2 id="folanguage-1"><span id="anchor-4586"></span><span
id="anchor-2232"></span>fo:language</h2>
<p>See §7.9.2 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.
Compared to the XSL language attribute, the value range of this
attribute is extended to additional parts of ISO 639. See <a
href="#datatype-languageCode">18.3.17</a>.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a
<em>fo:country</em> <a href="#anchor-2223">20.188</a> attribute.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:language</em> attribute does not support the inherit and none
values.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:language</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:language</em> attribute has the data type
<em>languageCode</em> <a href="#datatype-languageCode">18.3.17</a>.</p>
<h2 id="foletter-spacing"><span id="anchor-4587"></span><span
id="anchor-2233"></span>fo:letter-spacing</h2>
<p>See §7.16.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:letter-spacing</em> attribute does not support the inherit and
space values.</p>
<p>The defined value for the <em>fo:letter-spacing</em> attribute is a
value of type length <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:letter-spacing</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:letter-spacing</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or
normal.</p>
<h2 id="foline-height"><span id="anchor-4588"></span><span
id="anchor-2487"></span>fo:line-height</h2>
<p> See §7.15.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The value normal activates the default line height calculation. The
value of this attribute can be a length, a percentage, normal.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:line-height</em> attribute does not support the inherit, number,
and space values.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>fo:line-height</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>a value of type <em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a></li>
<li>normal: disables the effects of <em>style:line-height-at-least</em>
<a href="#anchor-2500">20.317</a> and <em>style:line-spacing <a
href="#anchor-2501">20.318</a></em>. </li>
<li>a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>fo:line-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:line-height</em> attribute are normal, a
value of type <em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a> or a value of type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomargin"><span id="anchor-4589"></span><span
id="anchor-2417"></span>fo:margin</h2>
<p>See §7.29.14 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the <em>fo:margin</em>
attribute does not support auto and inherit values.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:margin</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:margin</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a> or a value of type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomargin-bottom"><span id="anchor-4590"></span><span
id="anchor-2418"></span>fo:margin-bottom</h2>
<p>See §7.10.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>If this attribute is contained in a
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> element, its value may be a percentage that
refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:margin-bottom</em> attribute does not support the auto and
inherit values.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:margin-bottom</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:margin-bottom</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a> or a value of type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomargin-left-1"><span id="anchor-4591"></span><span
id="anchor-2419"></span>fo:margin-left</h2>
<p>See §7.10.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>If this attribute is contained in a
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> element, its value may be a percentage that
refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<p>Tables that align to the left or to the center ignore right margins,
and tables that align to the right or to the center ignore left
margins.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:margin-left</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>, <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:margin-left</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value
of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomargin-right"><span id="anchor-4592"></span><span
id="anchor-2420"></span>fo:margin-right</h2>
<p>See §7.10.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>If this attribute is contained in a
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> element, its value may be a percentage that
refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<p>Tables that align to the left or to the center ignore right margins,
and tables that align to the right or to the center ignore left
margins.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:margin-right</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>, <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:margin-right</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value
of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomargin-top"><span id="anchor-4593"></span><span
id="anchor-2421"></span>fo:margin-top</h2>
<p>See §7.10.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>If this attribute is contained in a
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> element, its value may be a percentage that
refers to the corresponding margin of a parent style. </p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:margin-top</em> attribute does not support the inherit value.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:margin-top</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:margin-top</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a> or a value of type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomax-height-1"><span id="anchor-4594"></span><span
id="anchor-2694"></span>fo:max-height</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:max-height</em> attribute specifies a default maximum
height for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See <a
href="#anchor-1346">19.238</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:max-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:max-height</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value
of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomax-width-1"><span id="anchor-4595"></span><span
id="anchor-2695"></span>fo:max-width</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:max-width</em> attribute specifies a default maximum width
for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See <a
href="#anchor-1347">19.239</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:max-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:max-width</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomin-height-1"><span id="anchor-4596"></span><span
id="anchor-2477"></span>fo:min-height</h2>
<h3 id="stylegraphic-properties-1"><span id="anchor-4597"></span><span
id="property-fo:min-height_element-style:graphic-properties"></span>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:min-height</em> attribute specifies a default minimum
height for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See <a
href="#anchor-1348">19.240</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:min-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:min-height</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value
of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h3 id="styleheader-footer-properties-1"><span
id="anchor-4598"></span><span
id="property-fo:min-height_element-style:header-footer-properties"></span>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:min-height</em> attribute specifies a minimum height for a
header or footer.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:min-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:min-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fomin-width-1"><span id="anchor-4599"></span><span
id="anchor-2696"></span>fo:min-width</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:min-width</em> attribute specifies a default minimum width
for new frames that are created using a graphics style. See <a
href="#anchor-1349">19.241</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:min-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:min-width</em> attribute are a value of type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="foorphans"><span id="anchor-4600"></span><span
id="anchor-2488"></span>fo:orphans</h2>
<p>See §7.19.6 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:orphans</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:orphans</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fopage-height"><span id="anchor-4601"></span><span
id="anchor-2427"></span>fo:page-height</h2>
<p>See §7.25.13 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:page-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:page-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fopage-width"><span id="anchor-4602"></span><span
id="anchor-2428"></span>fo:page-width</h2>
<p>See §7.25.15 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:page-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:page-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fopadding"><span id="anchor-4603"></span><span
id="anchor-2422"></span>fo:padding</h2>
<p>See §7.29.15 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:padding</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:padding</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fopadding-bottom"><span id="anchor-4604"></span><span
id="anchor-2423"></span>fo:padding-bottom</h2>
<p>See §7.7.36 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:padding-bottom</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:padding-bottom</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fopadding-left"><span id="anchor-4605"></span><span
id="anchor-2424"></span>fo:padding-left</h2>
<p>See §7.7.37 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:padding-left</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:padding-left</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fopadding-right"><span id="anchor-4606"></span><span
id="anchor-2425"></span>fo:padding-right</h2>
<p>See §7.7.38 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:padding-right</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:padding-right</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fopadding-top"><span id="anchor-4607"></span><span
id="anchor-2426"></span>fo:padding-top</h2>
<p>See §7.7.35 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:padding-top</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:padding-top</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="foscript-1"><span id="anchor-4608"></span><span
id="anchor-2234"></span>fo:script</h2>
<p>See §7.9.3 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.
The attribute should be used only if necessary according to the rules of
§2.2.3 of <span class="citation" data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>,
or its successors.</p>
<p>The attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a
<em>fo:language</em> <a href="#anchor-2232">20.202</a> attribute.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the <em>fo:script</em>
attribute does not support the inherit or none values.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:script</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:script</em> attribute has the data type
<em>scriptCode</em> <a href="#datatype-scriptCode">18.3.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fotext-align"><span id="anchor-4609"></span><span
id="anchor-2489"></span>fo:text-align</h2>
<p>See §7.15.9 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>If there are no values specified for the <em>fo:text-align</em> and
<em>style:justify-single-word</em> <a href="#anchor-2498">20.301</a>
attributes within the same formatting properties element, the values of
those attributes is set to start and false respectively.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the
<em>fo:text-align</em> attribute does not support the inherit, inside,
outside, or string values.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a> and
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute are start, end,
left, right, center or justify.</p>
<h3 id="styleparagraph-properties-1"><span id="anchor-4610"></span><span
id="property-fo:text-align_element-style:paragraph-properties"></span>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute when used with the
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> element specifies the alignment of text in
a paragraph. </p>
<p>The values of start and end are interpreted according to the writing
direction of the text.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute are start, end,
left, right, center or justify.</p>
<h3 id="stylelist-level-properties-1"><span
id="anchor-4611"></span><span
id="property-fo:text-align_element-style:list-level-properties"></span>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute when used with the
<em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2592">17.20</a> element specifies the alignment of list
labels. </p>
<p>If the <em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2588">20.431</a> attribute on the same
<em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> element has the value
label-width-and-position, the <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute specifies
the horizontal alignment of the list label within the width specified by
the <em>text:min-label-width</em> <a href="#anchor-2590">20.433</a>
attribute. If the actual width of the list label is greater than the
specified minimum width no alignment takes place.</p>
<p>If the <em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> attribute on
the same <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> element has the
value label-alignment, the value of the <em>text:min-label-width</em>
attribute is treated as 0 and the <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute
specifies the horizontal alignment of the list label at the alignment
position. The alignment position is specified by the
<em>fo:margin-left</em> <a href="#anchor-2419">20.207</a> and
<em>fo:text-indent</em> <a href="#anchor-2491">20.225</a> attributes of
its child element <em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2592">17.20</a>.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>center: center of the list label is positioned at the alignment
position.</li>
<li>end: interpreted as <em>fo:text-align</em>=”right”</li>
<li>justify: label is justified.</li>
<li>left: list label starts at the alignment position.</li>
<li>right: list label ends at the alignment position.</li>
<li>start: interpreted as <em>fo:text-align</em>=”left”.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:text-align</em> attribute are start, end,
left, right, center or justify.</p>
<h2 id="fotext-align-last"><span id="anchor-4612"></span><span
id="anchor-2490"></span>fo:text-align-last</h2>
<p>See §7.15.10 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if it not accompanied by an
<em>fo:text-align</em> <a href="#anchor-2489">20.223</a> attribute.</p>
<p>If no value is specified for this attribute, the value is set to
start. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:text-align-last</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:text-align-last</em> attribute are start,
center or justify.</p>
<h2 id="fotext-indent-1"><span id="anchor-4613"></span><span
id="anchor-2491"></span>fo:text-indent</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:text-indent</em> attribute specifies a positive or
negative indent for the first line of a paragraph. See §7.15.11 of <span
class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>. The attribute value is a
length. If the attribute is contained in a common style, the attribute
value may be also a percentage that refers to the corresponding text
indent of a parent style.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:text-indent</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:text-indent</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a> or a value
of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fotext-shadow"><span id="anchor-4614"></span><span
id="anchor-2235"></span>fo:text-shadow</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:text-shadow</em> attribute specifies the text shadow style
to use. </p>
<p>The defined values for this attribute are those defined in §7.16.5 of
<span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>, except the value
inherit. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:text-shadow</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:text-shadow</em> attribute are none or a
value of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fotext-transform"><span id="anchor-4615"></span><span
id="anchor-2236"></span>fo:text-transform</h2>
<p>See §7.16.6 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.
</p>
<p>If <em>fo:text-transform</em> and <em>fo:font-variant</em> <a
href="#anchor-2227">20.192</a> attributes are used simultaneously and
have different values than normal and none, the result is undefined.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: In consumers, the <em>fo:text-transform</em> and
<em>fo:font-variant</em> attributes are mutually exclusive.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>fo:text-transform</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:text-transform</em> attribute are none,
lowercase, uppercase or capitalize.</p>
<h2 id="fowidows"><span id="anchor-4616"></span><span
id="anchor-2492"></span>fo:widows</h2>
<p>See §7.19.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:widows</em> attribute specifies the minimum number of
lines that shall be displayed at the top of a page to avoid paragraph
widows.</p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the <em>fo:widows</em>
attribute does not support the inherit value.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:widows</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:widows</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fowidth"><span id="anchor-4617"></span><span
id="anchor-2584"></span>fo:width</h2>
<p>See §7.14.12 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:width</em> attribute is used with <em>fo:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2583">20.194</a> to set the size of a bullet image. </p>
<p>In the OpenDocument XSL-compatible namespace, the <em>fo:width</em>
attribute does not support the auto or inherit values.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:width</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>fo:width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="fowrap-option"><span id="anchor-4618"></span><span
id="anchor-2567"></span>fo:wrap-option</h2>
<p>See §7.15.13 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.
</p>
<p>If wrapping is disabled, it is implementation-defined whether the
overflow text is visible or hidden. If the text is hidden consumers may
support a scrolling to access the text. </p>
<p>The <em>fo:wrap-option</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>fo:wrap-option</em> attribute are no-wrap or
wrap.</p>
<h2 id="presentationbackground-objects-visible"><span
id="anchor-4619"></span><span
id="anchor-2805"></span>presentation:background-objects-visible</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:background-objects-visible</em> attribute
specifies whether to display objects in the background of a master page
when displaying a presentation page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the
<em>presentation:background-objects-visible</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: objects in background of a master page should not be
displayed when displaying a presentation page.</li>
<li>true: objects in background of a master page should be displayed
when displaying a presentation page.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:background-objects-visible</em> attribute is
usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:background-objects-visible</em> attribute has
the data type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationbackground-visible"><span
id="anchor-4620"></span><span
id="anchor-2806"></span>presentation:background-visible</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:background-visible</em> attribute specifies
whether to display the background of a master page when displaying a
presentation page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:background-visible</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: background of a master page should not be displayed when
displaying a presentation page.</li>
<li>true: background of a master page should be displayed when
displaying a presentation page.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:background-visible</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:background-visible</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationdisplay-date-time"><span
id="anchor-4621"></span><span
id="anchor-2807"></span>presentation:display-date-time</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-date-time</em> attribute specifies the
visibility of a drawing shape from a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a> element, where the shape has the
presentation class date-time.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:display-date-time</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: drawing shape from a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em>
element with the presentation class date-time should not be
visible.</li>
<li>true: drawing shape from a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em>
element with the presentation class date-time should be visible.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-date-time</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-date-time</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationdisplay-footer"><span id="anchor-4622"></span><span
id="anchor-2808"></span>presentation:display-footer</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-footer</em> attribute specifies the
visibility of a drawing shape used as a footer in a
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:display-footer</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: drawing shape used as a footer of a
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element should not be visible.</li>
<li>true: drawing shape used as a footer of a
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element should be visible.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-footer</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-footer</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationdisplay-header"><span id="anchor-4623"></span><span
id="anchor-2809"></span>presentation:display-header</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-header</em> attribute specifies the
visibility of a drawing shape used as a header in a
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a>
element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:display-header</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: drawing shape used as a header of a
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element should not be visible.</li>
<li>true: drawing shape used as a header of a
<em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> element should be visible.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-header</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-header</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationdisplay-page-number"><span
id="anchor-4624"></span><span
id="anchor-2810"></span>presentation:display-page-number</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-page-number</em> attribute specifies the
visibility of a drawing shape from a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a> element, where the shape has the
presentation class page-number.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:display-page-number</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: drawing shape from a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em>
element with the presentation class page-number should not be
visible.</li>
<li>true: drawing shape from a <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em>
element with the presentation class page-number should be visible.</li>
</ul>
<p>Note: Presentation class <a href="#anchor-1295">19.393</a> defines
presentation class values.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-page-number</em> attribute is usable
with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:display-page-number</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationduration"><span id="anchor-4625"></span><span
id="anchor-2811"></span>presentation:duration</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:duration</em> attribute specifies the amount of
time that a presentation page is displayed. </p>
<p>The <em>presentation:duration</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>presentation:duration</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="presentationtransition-speed"><span
id="anchor-4626"></span><span
id="anchor-2812"></span>presentation:transition-speed</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:transition-speed</em> attribute specifies the
speed at which a presentation page is removed from display, and replaced
by a new presentation page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:transition-speed</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>fast: An implementation-defined speed. The fast speed should be
faster than the speed the consumer chooses for the values medium and
slow. </li>
<li>medium:An implementation-defined speed. The medium speed should be
faster than the speed the consumer chooses for the value slow, and
slower than the speed the consumer chooses for the value fast.</li>
<li>slow: An implementation-defined speed. The slow speed should be
slower than the speed the consumer chooses for the values medium and
fast. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:transition-speed</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:transition-speed</em> attribute
are slow, medium or fast.</p>
<h2 id="presentationtransition-style"><span
id="anchor-4627"></span><span
id="anchor-2813"></span>presentation:transition-style</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:transition-style</em> attribute specifies the
way that each presentation page replaces the previous presentation page.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:transition-style</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>clockwise: page is uncovered by the hand of a watch, moving
clockwise.</li>
<li>close: Combination of close-horizontal and close-vertical.</li>
<li>close-horizontal: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line
horizontally starting at the edge of the page.</li>
<li>close-vertical: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line
vertically starting at the edge of the page.</li>
<li>counterclockwise: page is uncovered by the hand of a watch, moving
counterclockwise.</li>
<li>dissolve: page is faded in by drawing small blocks in a random
fashion.</li>
<li>fade-from-bottom: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a
hidden or visible state to the bottom of the screen.</li>
<li>fade-from-left: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a
hidden or visible state to the left of the screen.</li>
<li>fade-from-right: pages fade from a visible or hidden state to a
hidden or visible state to the right of the screen.</li>
<li>fade-from-top: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a hidden
or visible state to the top of the screen.</li>
<li>fade-from-lowerleft: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a
hidden or visible state to the lower left of the screen.</li>
<li>fade-from-lowerright: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a
hidden or visible state to the lower right of the screen.</li>
<li>fade-from-upperleft: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a
hidden or visible state to the upper left of the screen.</li>
<li>fade-from-upperright: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a
hidden or visible state to the upper right of the screen.</li>
<li>fade-from-center: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a
hidden or visible state from the center of the screen.</li>
<li>fade-to-center: page fades from a visible or hidden state to a
hidden or visible state to the center of the screen.</li>
<li>fly-away: page first reduces itself to a smaller size (while
remaining centered in the screen), and then "flies away" (turns around
and moves to the bottom-right corner of the screen). The next slide
appears under it meanwhile.</li>
<li>horizontal-checkerboard: page is uncovered by drawing checkerboard
like blocks that increase in size horizontally.</li>
<li>horizontal-lines: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line
horizontally in a random fashion.</li>
<li>horizontal-stripes: page is uncovered by drawing horizontal stripes
that change their size during this effect.</li>
<li>interlocking-horizontal-left: page appears in 4 horizontal stripes
(the height is divided in 4, like in the horizontal-stripes effect) but
those stripes come from left, right, left, and right, and cross each
other in the middle of the screen.</li>
<li>interlocking-horizontal-right: page appears in 4 horizontal stripes
(the height is divided in 4, like in the horizontal-stripes effect) but
those stripes come from right, left, right, and left, and cross each
other in the middle of the screen.</li>
<li>interlocking-vertical-bottom: same effect as
interlocking-horizontal-* but with vertical stripes crossing each
other.</li>
<li>interlocking-vertical-top: same effect as interlocking-horizontal-*
but with vertical stripes crossing each other.</li>
<li>melt: Small vertical stripes move down at random speed, which gives
the effect of the current page "melting down".</li>
<li>move-from-bottom: page moves from the bottom of the screen to its
final position.</li>
<li>move-from-left: page moves from the left of the screen to its final
position.</li>
<li>move-from-right: page moves from the right of the screen to its
final position.</li>
<li>move-from-top: page moves from the top of the screen to its final
position.</li>
<li>move-from-lowerleft: page moves from the lower left of the screen to
its final position.</li>
<li>move-from-lowerright: page moves from the lower right of the screen
to its final position.</li>
<li>move-from-upperleft: page moves from the upper left of the screen to
its final position.</li>
<li>move-from-upperright: page moves from the upper right of the screen
to its final position.</li>
<li>none: no effect is used.</li>
<li>open: Combination of open-horizontal and open-vertical.</li>
<li>open-horizontal: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line
horizontally, starting at the center of the page.</li>
<li>open-vertical: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line
vertically, starting at the center of the page.</li>
<li>random: an effect is chosen at random to uncover a page.</li>
<li>roll-from-bottom: page moves towards the bottom of the screen to its
final position, pushing the previous page out.</li>
<li>roll-from-left: pages move towards the left of the screen to its
final position, pushing the previous page out.</li>
<li>roll-from-right: page moves towards the right of the screen to its
final position, pushing the previous page out.</li>
<li>roll-from-top: page moves towards the top of the screen to its final
position, pushing the previous page out.</li>
<li>spiralin-left: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral
fashion, starting from the left edge of the screen.</li>
<li>spiralin-right: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral
fashion, starting from the right edge of the screen.</li>
<li>spiralout-left: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral
fashion, starting from the center of the page.</li>
<li>spiralout-right: page is uncovered by drawing blocks in a spiral
fashion, starting from the center of the page.</li>
<li>stretch-from-bottom: page is uncovered by changing its size from the
bottom of the screen during this effect.</li>
<li>stretch-from-left: page is uncovered by changing its size from the
left of the screen during this effect.</li>
<li>stretch-from-right: page is uncovered by changing its size from the
right of the screen during this effect.</li>
<li>stretch-from-top: page is uncovered by changing its size from the
left of the screen during this effect.</li>
<li>uncover-to-bottom: page is uncovered from the bottom of the
screen.</li>
<li>uncover-to-left: page is uncovered from the left of the screen.</li>
<li>uncover-to-right: page is uncovered from the right of the
screen.</li>
<li>uncover-to-top: page is uncovered from the top of the screen.</li>
<li>uncover-to-lowerleft: page is uncovered from the lower left of the
screen.</li>
<li>uncover-to-lowerright: page is uncovered from the lower right of the
screen.</li>
<li>uncover-to-upperleft: page is uncovered from the upper left of the
screen.</li>
<li>uncover-to-upperright: page is uncovered from the upper right of the
screen.</li>
<li>vertical-checkerboard: page is uncovered by drawing checkerboard
like blocks that increase in size vertically.</li>
<li>vertical-lines: page is uncovered by drawing it line by line
vertically in a random fashion.</li>
<li>vertical-stripes: page is uncovered by drawing vertical stripes that
change their size during this effect.</li>
<li>wavyline-from-bottom: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a
snake like fashion from the bottom of the screen.</li>
<li>wavyline-from-left: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a
snake like fashion from the left of the screen.</li>
<li>wavyline-from-right: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a
snake like fashion from the right of the screen.</li>
<li>wavyline-from-top: page is uncovered by drawing small blocks in a
snake like fashion from the top of the screen.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:transition-style</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:transition-style</em> attribute
are none, fade-from-left, fade-from-top, fade-from-right,
fade-from-bottom, fade-from-upperleft, fade-from-upperright,
fade-from-lowerleft, fade-from-lowerright, move-from-left,
move-from-top, move-from-right, move-from-bottom, move-from-upperleft,
move-from-upperright, move-from-lowerleft, move-from-lowerright,
uncover-to-left, uncover-to-top, uncover-to-right, uncover-to-bottom,
uncover-to-upperleft, uncover-to-upperright, uncover-to-lowerleft,
uncover-to-lowerright, fade-to-center, fade-from-center,
vertical-stripes, horizontal-stripes, clockwise, counterclockwise,
open-vertical, open-horizontal, close-vertical, close-horizontal,
wavyline-from-left, wavyline-from-top, wavyline-from-right,
wavyline-from-bottom, spiralin-left, spiralin-right, spiralout-left,
spiralout-right, roll-from-top, roll-from-left, roll-from-right,
roll-from-bottom, stretch-from-left, stretch-from-top,
stretch-from-right, stretch-from-bottom, vertical-lines,
horizontal-lines, dissolve, random, vertical-checkerboard,
horizontal-checkerboard, interlocking-horizontal-left,
interlocking-horizontal-right, interlocking-vertical-top,
interlocking-vertical-bottom, fly-away, open, close or melt.</p>
<h2 id="presentationtransition-type"><span id="anchor-4628"></span><span
id="anchor-2814"></span>presentation:transition-type</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:transition-type</em> attribute specifies the
mode of a transition. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:transition-type</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>automatic: slide transition and shape effects start
automatically.</li>
<li>manual: slide transition and shape effects are started separately by
the user.</li>
<li>semi-automatic: slide transition starts automatically, shape effects
are started by the user.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>smil:type</em> attribute should be used for presentations.
The <em>presentation:transition-type</em> and
<em>presentation:transition-style</em> <a href="#anchor-2813">20.239</a>
attributes are retained for legacy compatibility only. </p>
<p>The <em>presentation:transition-type</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:transition-type</em> attribute are
manual, automatic or semi-automatic.</p>
<h2 id="presentationvisibility"><span id="anchor-4629"></span><span
id="anchor-2815"></span>presentation:visibility</h2>
<p>The <em>presentation:visibility</em> attribute specifies if the
content of a <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element is visible during a
presentation.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>presentation:transition-speed</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>hidden: content is hidden during a presentation. </li>
<li>visible: content is visible during a presentation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>presentation:visibility</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>presentation:visibility</em> attribute are
visible or hidden.</p>
<h2 id="smildirection-1"><span id="anchor-4630"></span><span
id="anchor-2816"></span>smil:direction</h2>
<p>See §12.4.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:direction</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>smil:direction</em> attribute are forward or
reverse.</p>
<h2 id="smilfadecolor-1"><span id="anchor-4631"></span><span
id="anchor-2817"></span>smil:fadeColor</h2>
<p>See §12.4.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:fadeColor</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:fadeColor</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smilsubtype-1"><span id="anchor-4632"></span><span
id="anchor-2818"></span>smil:subtype</h2>
<p>See §12.4.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>.</p>
<p>Note: See §12.8 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span> for a list of supported
subtypes.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:subtype</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:subtype</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em>
<a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="smiltype-1"><span id="anchor-4633"></span><span
id="anchor-2819"></span>smil:type</h2>
<p>The <span class="citation" data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span>
<em>smil:type</em> attribute specifies a transition type or family.</p>
<p>See §12.8 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SMIL20">[SMIL20]</span> for a list of supported types.</p>
<p>If this attribute is present, the attributes
<em>presentation:transition-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2814">20.240</a>
and <em>presentation:transition-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2813">20.239</a> attributes should be ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>smil:type</em> attribute has the data type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleauto-text-indent"><span id="anchor-4634"></span><span
id="anchor-2493"></span>style:auto-text-indent</h2>
<p>The <em>style:auto-text-indent</em> attribute specifies that the
first line of a paragraph is indented by a value that is based on the
current font size.</p>
<p>If this attribute has a value of true and is used together with a
<em>fo:text-indent</em> <a href="#anchor-2491">20.225</a> attribute the
<em>fo:text-indent</em> attribute is ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>style:auto-text-indent</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:auto-text-indent</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylebackground-transparency"><span
id="anchor-4635"></span><span
id="anchor-2494"></span>style:background-transparency</h2>
<p>The <em>style:background-transparency</em> attribute specifies the
transparency of a paragraph's background color.</p>
<p>The <em>style:background-transparency</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a> and
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:background-transparency</em> attribute has the data
type <em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleborder-line-width"><span id="anchor-4636"></span><span
id="anchor-2429"></span>style:border-line-width</h2>
<p><span id="anchor-4637"></span>The <em>style:border-line-width</em>
attribute specifies the widths of borders defined by the FO border
properties (see <a href="#FO Border Properties">20.183</a>) for borders
where the value of these properties is double.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>style:border-line-width</em> attribute is a list
of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</li>
<li>The second value specifies the distance between the two lines</li>
<li>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:border-line-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:border-line-width</em> attribute are
three white space separated values of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleborder-line-width-bottom"><span
id="anchor-4638"></span><span
id="anchor-2430"></span>style:border-line-width-bottom</h2>
<p><span id="anchor-4639"></span>The
<em>style:border-line-width-bottom</em> attribute specifies the widths
of the bottom border for borders defined by the FO border properties
(see <a href="#FO Border Properties">20.183</a>) if the property for the
bottom border has the value double.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>style:border-line-width-bottom</em> attribute is
a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</li>
<li>The second value specifies the distance between the two lines</li>
<li>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:border-line-width-bottom</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:border-line-width-bottom</em> attribute
are three white space separated values of type <em>positiveLength</em>
<a href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleborder-line-width-left"><span id="anchor-4640"></span><span
id="anchor-2431"></span>style:border-line-width-left</h2>
<p>The <em>style:border-line-width-left</em> attribute specifies the
widths of the left border for borders defined by the FO border
properties (see <a href="#FO Border Properties">20.183</a>) if the
property for the left border has the value double.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>style:border-line-width-left</em> attribute is a
list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</li>
<li>The second value specified the distance between the two lines</li>
<li>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:border-line-width-left</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:border-line-width-left</em> attribute are
three white space separated values of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleborder-line-width-right"><span
id="anchor-4641"></span><span
id="anchor-2432"></span>style:border-line-width-right</h2>
<p>The <em>style:border-line-width-right</em> attribute specifies the
widths of the right border for borders defined by the FO border
properties (see <a href="#FO Border Properties">20.183</a>) if the
property for the right border has the value double.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>style:border-line-width-right</em> attribute is
a list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</li>
<li>The second value specified the distance between the two lines</li>
<li>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:border-line-width-right</em> attribute is usable with
the following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:border-line-width-right</em> attribute
are three white space separated values of type <em>positiveLength</em>
<a href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleborder-line-width-top"><span id="anchor-4642"></span><span
id="anchor-2433"></span>style:border-line-width-top</h2>
<p>The <em>style:border-line-width-top</em> attribute specifies the
widths of the top border for borders defined by the FO border properties
(see <a href="#FO Border Properties">20.183</a>) if the property for the
top border has the value double.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>style:border-line-width-top</em> attribute is a
list of three white space-separated lengths, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>The first value specifies the width of the inner line</li>
<li>The second value specified the distance between the two lines</li>
<li>The third value specifies the width of the outer line</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:border-line-width-top</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:border-line-width-top</em> attribute are
three white space separated values of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylecell-protect"><span id="anchor-4643"></span><span
id="anchor-2568"></span>style:cell-protect</h2>
<p>The <em>style:cell-protect</em> attribute specifies how a cell is
protected.</p>
<p>This attribute is only evaluated if the current table is protected.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:cell-protect</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>formula-hidden: if cell content is a formula, it is not displayed.
It can be replaced by changing the cell content.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Replacement of cell content includes replacement with another
formula or other cell content.</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>hidden-and-protected: cell content is not displayed and cannot be
edited. If content is a formula, the formula result is not
displayed.</li>
<li>none: formula responsible for cell content is neither hidden nor
protected.</li>
<li>protected: cell content cannot be edited.</li>
<li>protected formula-hidden: cell content cannot be edited. If content
is a formula, it is not displayed. A formula result is displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:cell-protect</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:cell-protect</em> attribute are none,
hidden-and-protected, or white space separated non-empty lists of one of
these values: protected, or formula-hidden..</p>
<h2 id="stylecolumn-width"><span id="anchor-4644"></span><span
id="anchor-2559"></span>style:column-width</h2>
<p>The <em>style:column-width</em> attribute specifies a fixed width for
a column.</p>
<p>The <em>style:column-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2028">17.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:column-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylecontextual-spacing"><span id="anchor-4645"></span><span
id="anchor-2495"></span>style:contextual-spacing</h2>
<p>The <em>fo:margin-bottom</em> <a href="#anchor-2418">20.206</a>
attribute of a paragraph and the <em>fo:margin-top <a
href="#anchor-2421">20.209</a> attribute</em> of the next paragraph are
ignored, so that the space between the paragraphs is zero, if all of the
following conditions hold:</p>
<ul>
<li><span id="anchor-4646"></span><span id="anchor-4647"></span>The
<em>style:contextual-spacing</em> attribute of both paragraphs has the
value true.</li>
<li>The paragraphs belong to the same content area.</li>
<li>The <em>text:style-name</em> <a href="#anchor-323">19.880</a>
attribute of the paragraphs refer to the same common paragraph style. In
case a <em>text:style-name</em> attribute refers to an automatic style,
the value of the <em>style:parent-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2019">19.510</a> attribute of the automatic style is taken
for the style comparison. If a paragraph has a conditional style, the
value of its <em>text:cond-style-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-317">19.781</a> attribute is taken for the style
comparison.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is false.</p>
<p>The <em>style:contextual-spacing</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:contextual-spacing</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylecountry-asian"><span id="anchor-4648"></span><span
id="anchor-2237"></span>style:country-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:country-asian</em> attribute specifies the country of a
text.</p>
<p>It is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>It may be ignored if it is not specified together with a
<em>style:language-asian</em> <a href="#anchor-2266">20.302</a>
attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>style:country-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:country-asian</em> attribute has the data type
<em>countryCode</em> <a href="#datatype-countryCode">18.3.11</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylecountry-complex"><span id="anchor-4649"></span><span
id="anchor-2238"></span>style:country-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:country-complex</em> attribute specifies the country of
a text. See §7.9.1 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>It is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>It may be ignored if it is not specified together with a
<em>style:language-complex</em> <a href="#anchor-2267">20.303</a>
attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>style:country-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:country-complex</em> attribute has the data type
<em>countryCode</em> <a href="#datatype-countryCode">18.3.11</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styledecimal-places"><span id="anchor-4650"></span><span
id="anchor-2569"></span>style:decimal-places</h2>
<p>The <em>style:decimal-places</em> attribute specifies the maximum
number of decimal places that are displayed if numbers are formatted by
a data style that has no setting for number of decimal places
itself.</p>
<p>This attribute is only evaluated if it is contained in a default
style.</p>
<p>The <em>style:decimal-places</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:decimal-places</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylediagonal-bl-tr"><span id="anchor-4651"></span><span
id="anchor-2570"></span>style:diagonal-bl-tr</h2>
<p>The <em>style:diagonal-bl-tr</em> attribute specifies the style of
border to use for a bottom-left to top-right diagonal in a spreadsheet
cell. </p>
<p>The <em>style:diagonal-bl-tr</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:diagonal-bl-tr</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylediagonal-bl-tr-widths"><span id="anchor-4652"></span><span
id="anchor-2571"></span>style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths</h2>
<p>The <em>style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths</em> attribute specifies the
width between a double line border to use for a bottom-left to top-right
diagonal in a spreadsheet cell.</p>
<p>The <em>style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:diagonal-bl-tr-widths</em> attribute are
three white space separated values of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylediagonal-tl-br"><span id="anchor-4653"></span><span
id="anchor-2572"></span>style:diagonal-tl-br</h2>
<p>The <em>style:diagonal-tl-br</em> attribute specifies the style of
border to use for a left-top to bottom-right diagonal in a spreadsheet
cell. </p>
<p>The <em>style:diagonal-tl-br</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:diagonal-tl-br</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylediagonal-tl-br-widths"><span id="anchor-4654"></span><span
id="anchor-2573"></span>style:diagonal-tl-br-widths</h2>
<p>The <em>style:diagonal-tl-br-widths</em> attribute specifies the
width between a double line border to use for a top-left to bottom-right
diagonal in a spreadsheet cell.</p>
<p>The <em>style:diagonal-tl-br-widths</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:diagonal-tl-br-widths</em> attribute are
three white space separated values of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styledirection"><span id="anchor-4655"></span><span
id="anchor-2574"></span>style:direction</h2>
<p>The <em>style:direction</em> attribute specifies the direction of
characters.</p>
<p>The <em>style:direction</em> attribute modifies the direction of text
rendering as specified by a <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute. <a
href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a> </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:direction</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>ltr – left to right, text is rendered in the direction specified by
the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute </li>
<li>ttb – top to bottom, characters are vertically stacked but not
rotated</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:direction</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:direction</em> attribute are ltr or
ttb.</p>
<h2 id="styledynamic-spacing"><span id="anchor-4656"></span><span
id="anchor-2478"></span>style:dynamic-spacing</h2>
<p>The <em>style:dynamic-spacing</em> attribute specifies whether the
header or footer grows into the space between the page body and the
header or footer before the height of the page body becomes smaller.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:dynamic-spacing</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: header or footers do not grow into the space between the
header and footer and the page body.</li>
<li>true: header or footers first grow into the space between the header
and footer and the page body.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:dynamic-spacing</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:dynamic-spacing</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleeditable"><span id="anchor-4657"></span><span
id="anchor-2533"></span>style:editable</h2>
<p>The <em>style:editable</em> attribute specifies if a text section or
box can be edited within a read-only document. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:editable</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text section or box in read-only document should not be
editable.</li>
<li>true: text section or box in read-only document should be
editable.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:editable</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a> and
<em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:editable</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefirst-page-number"><span id="anchor-4658"></span><span
id="anchor-2434"></span>style:first-page-number</h2>
<p>The <em>style:first-page-number</em> attribute specifies the number
of a document.</p>
<p>The value of this attribute can be an integer or continue. If the
value is continue, the page number is the preceding page number
incremented by 1. The default first page number is 1.</p>
<p>The <em>style:first-page-number</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:first-page-number</em> attribute are a
value of type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a> or continue.</p>
<h2 id="styleflow-with-text"><span id="anchor-4659"></span><span
id="anchor-2697"></span>style:flow-with-text</h2>
<p>The <em>style:flow-with-text</em> attribute specifies whether a
drawing shape flows with the text of its layout environment or not. The
layout environment of a drawing shape is determined by the location of
its anchor. The following layout environments are defined:</p>
<ul>
<li>endnote area - anchor is inside an endnote.</li>
<li>footnote area - anchor is inside a footnote.</li>
<li>frame area - anchor is inside a frame or is a frame.</li>
<li>page footer area - anchor is inside the page footer.</li>
<li>page header area - anchor is inside the page header.</li>
<li>page text area - anchor is inside body text.</li>
<li>table cell area - anchor is inside a table cell.</li>
</ul>
<p>The innermost enclosing area of the anchor defines the layout
environment of the drawing shape. </p>
<p>If the value of the attribute is true, the following conditions shall
hold:</p>
<ul>
<li>The drawing shape flows with the text of its layout
environment.</li>
<li>The drawing shape does not leave its layout environment in the
either text flow direction.</li>
</ul>
<p>When a drawing shape leaves its layout environment due to its
position and/or size in the forward text flow direction, it flows with
the text flow to the next layout environment. If there is no next layout
environment, the position of the layout environment is adjusted. If the
drawing shape is larger than its layout environment, the size of the
layout environment is adjusted.</p>
<p>If due to its position a drawing shape would leave its layout
environment in the backward text flow direction, the position is
adjusted to the beginning of its layout environment.</p>
<p>A drawing object may leave its layout environment in the other (non
text flow) directions. Exceptions from this rule are the layout
environments table cell area and frame area. For these layout
environments it shall be ensured that the drawing shape is laid out
inside its layout environment by adjusting the position and (if
necessary) the size.</p>
<p>If the value of the attribute is false, the drawing shape does not
have to flow with the text of its layout environment. It can be laid out
anywhere on the page its anchor is on.</p>
<p>This attribute is not applicable to drawing shapes that are anchored
with
<em>text:anchor-type</em><code>="</code>as-char<code>" </code><code>20.418</code>,
because such drawing shapes are treated as characters. For drawing
shapes, which are anchored to a specific page with
<em>text:anchor-type</em><code>="</code>page<code>"</code>, the
attribute is also not applicable, because such drawing shapes are to be
laid out on the page they are anchored to.</p>
<p>The <em>style:flow-with-text</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:flow-with-text</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-charset-1"><span id="anchor-4660"></span><span
id="anchor-2239"></span>style:font-charset</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset</em> attribute specifies whether a font
defines glyphs according to the semantics of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> or not.</p>
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding
in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XML1.0">[XML1.0]</span>. If the value is x-symbol, the font
does not define glyphs according to the semantics of <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>. If the value is
one of the encodings or transformations of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>, the font does define glyphs
according to the semantics of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>. The use of other values is
deprecated.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define
glyphs for code points in the private use area of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span></p>
</blockquote>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no <em>fo:font-family</em>
attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name</em> attribute
should be used to specify the properties of a font.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset</em> attribute has the data type
<em>textEncoding</em> <a href="#datatype-textEncoding">18.3.35</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-charset-asian"><span id="anchor-4661"></span><span
id="anchor-2240"></span>style:font-charset-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset-asian</em> attribute specifies whether a
font defines glyphs according to the semantics of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> or not.</p>
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding
in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XML1.0">[XML1.0]</span>. If the value is x-symbol, the font
does not define glyphs according to the semantics of <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>. If the value is
one of the encodings or transformations of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>, the font does define glyphs
according to the semantics of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>. The use of other values is
deprecated.</p>
<p> Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define
glyphs for code points in the private use area of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span></p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no
<em>style:font-family-asian</em> <a href="#anchor-2242">20.271</a>
attribute attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2248">20.278</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset-asian</em> attribute has the data type
<em>textEncoding</em> <a href="#datatype-textEncoding">18.3.35</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-charset-complex"><span id="anchor-4662"></span><span
id="anchor-2241"></span>style:font-charset-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset-complex</em> attribute specifies whether a
font defines glyphs according to the semantics of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> or not.</p>
<p>The value of this attributes can be x-symbol or a character encoding
in the notation described in the §4.3.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XML1.0">[XML1.0]</span>. If the value is x-symbol, the font
does not define glyphs according to the semantics of <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>. If the value is
one of the encodings or transformations of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>, the font does define glyphs
according to the semantics of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>. The use of other values is
deprecated.</p>
<p> Fonts for which the attribute has the value x-symbol may define
glyphs for code points in the private use area of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span></p>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset-complex</em> attribute is evaluated for
<span class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters
whose script type is complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no
<em>style:font-family-complex</em> <a href="#anchor-2243">20.272</a>
attribute attached to the same formatting properties element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2249">20.279</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-charset-complex</em> attribute has the data type
<em>textEncoding</em> <a href="#datatype-textEncoding">18.3.35</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-family-asian"><span id="anchor-4663"></span><span
id="anchor-2242"></span>style:font-family-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-asian</em> attribute specifies the font
family for a text. See §7.8.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>This is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2255">20.285</a></p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2248">20.278</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-asian</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-family-complex"><span id="anchor-4664"></span><span
id="anchor-2243"></span>style:font-family-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-complex</em> attribute specifies the font
family for a text. See §7.8.2 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2249">20.279</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-complex</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-family-generic-1"><span id="anchor-4665"></span><span
id="anchor-2244"></span>style:font-family-generic</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-generic</em> attribute specifies a generic
font family name.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding
<em>fo:font-family</em> <a href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a> attribute
attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2247">20.277</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-family-generic</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </li>
<li>modern: the family of modern fonts. </li>
<li>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </li>
<li>script: the family of script fonts. </li>
<li>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </li>
<li>system: the family system fonts. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-generic</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-family-generic</em> attribute are
roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-family-generic-asian"><span
id="anchor-4666"></span><span
id="anchor-2245"></span>style:font-family-generic-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-generic-asian</em> attribute specifies a
generic Asian font family name.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-generic-asian</em> attribute is evaluated
for <span class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span>
characters whose script type is asian. <a
href="#anchor-2255">20.285</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding
<em>fo:font-family</em> <a href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a> attribute
attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2248">20.278</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-family-generic-asian</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </li>
<li>modern: the family of modern fonts. </li>
<li>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </li>
<li>script: the family of script fonts. </li>
<li>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </li>
<li>system: the family system fonts. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-generic-asian</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-family-generic-asian</em> attribute
are roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-family-generic-complex"><span
id="anchor-4667"></span><span
id="anchor-2246"></span>style:font-family-generic-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-generic-complex</em> attribute specifies a
generic font family name.</p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding
<em>fo:font-family</em> <a href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a> attribute
attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2249">20.279</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-family-generic-complex</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>decorative: the family of decorative fonts. </li>
<li>modern: the family of modern fonts. </li>
<li>roman: the family roman fonts (with serifs). </li>
<li>script: the family of script fonts. </li>
<li>swiss: the family roman fonts (without serifs). </li>
<li>system: the family system fonts. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-family-generic-complex</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-family-generic-complex</em>
attribute are roman, swiss, modern, decorative, script or system.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-independent-line-spacing"><span
id="anchor-4668"></span><span
id="anchor-2496"></span>style:font-independent-line-spacing</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-independent-line-spacing</em> attribute specifies
if font independent line spacing is used. </p>
<p>The defined values for the
<em>style:font-independent-line-spacing</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: font metric of the font is taken into account.</li>
<li>true: line height is calculated only from the font height as
specified by the font size attributes <em>fo:font-size <a
href="#anchor-2225">20.190</a></em>, <em>style:font-size-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2254">20.284</a> and <em>style:font-size-complex <a
href="#anchor-2255">20.285</a></em>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-independent-line-spacing</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-independent-line-spacing</em> attribute has the
data type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-name"><span id="anchor-4669"></span><span
id="anchor-2247"></span>style:font-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-name</em> attribute specifies a font that is
declared by a <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a> element with a <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> attribute whose name is the same as that
of the <em>style:font-name</em> attribute value. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The <em>style:font-name</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a> and <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-name-asian"><span id="anchor-4670"></span><span
id="anchor-2248"></span>style:font-name-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-name-asian</em> attribute specifies a font that is
declared by a <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a> element with a style:name <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> attribute whose name is the same as that
of the <em>style:font-name-asian</em> attribute value. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2255">20.285</a></p>
<p>The <em>style:font-name-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-name-asian</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-name-complex"><span id="anchor-4671"></span><span
id="anchor-2249"></span>style:font-name-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-name-complex</em> attribute specifies a font that
is declared by a <em>&lt;style:font-face&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-177">16.23</a> element with a <em>style:name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2017">19.502</a> attribute whose name is the same as that
of the <em>style:font-name-complex</em> attribute value. </p>
<p>The <em>style:font-name-complex</em> attribute is evaluated for <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose
script type is complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The <em>style:font-name-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-name-complex</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-pitch-1"><span id="anchor-4672"></span><span
id="anchor-2250"></span>style:font-pitch</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-pitch</em> attribute specifies whether a font has
a fixed or variable width.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding
<em>fo:font-family</em> attribute attached to the same formatting
property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2247">20.277</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-pitch</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>fixed: font pitch is fixed.</li>
<li>variable: font pitch is variable.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-pitch</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-pitch</em> attribute are fixed or
variable.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-pitch-asian"><span id="anchor-4673"></span><span
id="anchor-2251"></span>style:font-pitch-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-pitch-asian</em> attribute specifies whether a
font has a fixed or variable width.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding
<em>fo:font-family</em> <a href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a> attribute
attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-pitch-asian</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>fixed: font width is fixed.</li>
<li>variable: font width is variable.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-pitch-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-pitch-asian</em> attribute are fixed
or variable.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-pitch-complex"><span id="anchor-4674"></span><span
id="anchor-2252"></span>style:font-pitch-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-pitch-complex</em> attribute specifies whether a
font has a fixed or variable width.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding
<em>fo:font-family</em> <a href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a> attribute
attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2249">20.279</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-pitch-complex</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>fixed: font width is fixed.</li>
<li>variable: font width is variable.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-pitch-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-pitch-complex</em> attribute are
fixed or variable.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-relief"><span id="anchor-4675"></span><span
id="anchor-2253"></span>style:font-relief</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-relief</em> attribute specifies whether a font
should be embossed, engraved, or neither.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-relief</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>embossed: characters are embossed.</li>
<li>engraved: characters are engraved.</li>
<li>none: characters are neither embossed or engraved.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-relief</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-relief</em> attribute are none,
embossed or engraved.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-size-asian"><span id="anchor-4676"></span><span
id="anchor-2254"></span>style:font-size-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-asian</em> attribute specifies the size of a
font.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The value of this attribute is either an absolute length or a
percentage as described in §7.8.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>. In contrast to XSL, percentage values can
be used within common styles only and are based on the font height of
the parent style rather than to the font height of the attributes
neighborhood. Absolute font heights and relative font heights are not
supported.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-size-asian</em> attribute are a
value of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a> or a value of type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-size-complex"><span id="anchor-4677"></span><span
id="anchor-2255"></span>style:font-size-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-complex</em> attribute specifies the size of
a font.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The value of this attribute is either an absolute length or a
percentage as described in §7.8.4 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>. In contrast to XSL, percentage values can
be used within common styles only and are based on the font height of
the parent style rather than to the font height of the attributes
neighborhood. Absolute font heights and relative font heights are not
supported.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-size-complex</em> attribute are a
value of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a> or a value of type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-size-rel"><span id="anchor-4678"></span><span
id="anchor-2256"></span>style:font-size-rel</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-rel</em> attribute specifies a relative font
size change.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute specifies a relative font size change as a length. It
cannot be used within automatic styles. This attribute changes the font
size based on the font size of the parent style.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-rel</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-rel</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-size-rel-asian"><span id="anchor-4679"></span><span
id="anchor-2257"></span>style:font-size-rel-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-rel-asian</em> attributes specifies a
relative font size change.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute specifies a relative font size change as a length. It
cannot be used within automatic styles. This attribute changes the font
size based on the font size of the parent style.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-rel-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-rel-asian</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-size-rel-complex"><span id="anchor-4680"></span><span
id="anchor-2258"></span>style:font-size-rel-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-rel-complex</em> attribute specifies a
relative font size change.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-rel-complex</em> attribute is evaluated for
<span class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters
whose script type is complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute specifies a relative font size change as a length. It
cannot be used within automatic styles. This attribute changes the font
size based on the font size of the parent style.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-rel-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-size-rel-complex</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-style-asian"><span id="anchor-4681"></span><span
id="anchor-2259"></span>style:font-style-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-asian</em> attribute specifies whether to
use normal or italic font face. See §7.8.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-style-asian</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>italic: characters displayed in an italic font face.</li>
<li>normal: characters displayed in normal font face.</li>
<li>oblique: characters displayed in an oblique font face.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-style-asian</em> attribute are
normal, italic or oblique.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-style-complex"><span id="anchor-4682"></span><span
id="anchor-2260"></span>style:font-style-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-complex</em> attribute specifies whether to
use normal or italic font face. See §7.8.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The <em>fo:font-style</em> attribute is evaluated for any other <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:font-style-complex</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>italic: characters displayed in an italic font face.</li>
<li>normal: characters displayed in normal font face.</li>
<li>oblique: characters displayed in an oblique font face.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-style-complex</em> attribute are
normal, italic or oblique.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-style-name"><span id="anchor-4683"></span><span
id="anchor-2261"></span>style:font-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name</em> attribute specifies a font style
name.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character whose script type is
latin. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding
<em>fo:font-family</em> <a href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a> attribute
attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name</em> <a
href="#anchor-2247">20.277</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-style-name-asian"><span id="anchor-4684"></span><span
id="anchor-2262"></span>style:font-style-name-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name-asian</em> attribute specifies a font
style name.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name-asian</em> attribute is evaluated for
<span class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters
whose script type is asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding
<em>fo:font-family</em> <a href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a> attribute
attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2248">20.278</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name-asian</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-style-name-complex"><span
id="anchor-4685"></span><span
id="anchor-2263"></span>style:font-style-name-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name-complex</em> attribute specifies a font
style name.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name-complex</em> attribute is evaluated for
<span class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters
whose script type is complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is ignored if there is no corresponding
<em>fo:font-family</em> <a href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a> attribute
attached to the same formatting property element.</p>
<p>Instead of this attribute, the <em>style:font-name-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2249">20.279</a> attribute should be used to specify the
properties of a font.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name-complex</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-style-name-complex</em> attribute has the data
type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-weight-asian"><span id="anchor-4686"></span><span
id="anchor-2264"></span>style:font-weight-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-weight-asian</em> attribute specifies the weight
of a font. See §7.8.9 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The <em>style:font-weight-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-weight-asian</em> attribute are
normal, bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<h2 id="stylefont-weight-complex"><span id="anchor-4687"></span><span
id="anchor-2265"></span>style:font-weight-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:font-weight-complex</em> attributes specify the weight
of a font. See §7.8.9 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The <em>fo:font-weight</em> <a href="#anchor-2228">20.193</a>
attribute is evaluated for any other <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character.</p>
<p>The <em>style:font-weight-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:font-weight-complex</em> attribute are
normal, bold, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 or 900.</p>
<h2 id="stylefootnote-max-height"><span id="anchor-4688"></span><span
id="anchor-2435"></span>style:footnote-max-height</h2>
<p>The <em>style:footnote-max-height</em> attribute specifies the
maximum amount of space on a page that a footnote can occupy. The value
of the attribute is a length, which determines the maximum height of a
footnote area.</p>
<p>If the value of this attribute is set to 0cm, there is no limit to
the amount of space that the footnote can occupy.</p>
<p>The <em>style:footnote-max-height</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:footnote-max-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleglyph-orientation-vertical"><span
id="anchor-4689"></span><span
id="anchor-2575"></span>style:glyph-orientation-vertical</h2>
<p>The <em>style:glyph-orientation-vertical</em> attribute specifies a
vertical glyph orientation. See §10.7.3 of <span
id="anchor-4690"></span><span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>. The attribute specifies an angle or
automatic mode. The only defined angle is 0 degrees, which disables this
feature.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> OpenDocument v1.1 did not support angle specifications that contain
an angle unit identifier. Angle unit identifiers should be omitted for
compatibility with OpenDocument v1.1.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>style:glyph-orientation-vertical</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:glyph-orientation-vertical</em> attribute
are auto, 0, 0deg, 0rad or 0grad.</p>
<h2 id="stylehorizontal-pos"><span id="anchor-4691"></span><span
id="anchor-2698"></span>style:horizontal-pos</h2>
<p>The <em>style:horizontal-pos</em> attribute specifies the horizontal
alignment of a frame in relation to an area specified by the
<em>style:horizontal-rel <a href="#anchor-2699">20.299</a>
attribute</em>.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:horizontal-pos</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>center: horizontal alignment of a frame should be centered relative
to the specified area.</li>
<li>from-inside: on pages with an odd page number the left edge of the
specific area is taken as the horizontal alignment of a frame. On pages
with an even page number the right edge of the specified area is taken.
Attribute <em>svg:x</em> <a href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a> associated
with the frame element specifies the horizontal position of the frame
from the edge which is taken. </li>
<li>from-left: the <em>svg:x</em> attribute associated with the frame
element specifies the horizontal position of the frame from the left
edge of the specified area.</li>
<li>inside: on pages with an odd page number the horizontal alignment of
a frame is the same as for the attribute value left. On pages with an
even page number the horizontal alignment of a frame is the same as for
the attribute value right. </li>
<li>left: horizontal alignment of a frame should be left aligned
relative to the specified area.</li>
<li>outside: on pages with an odd page number the horizontal alignment
of a frame is the same as for the attribute value right. On pages with
an even page number the horizontal alignment of a frame is the same as
for the attribute value left. </li>
<li>right: horizontal alignment of a frame should be right aligned
relative to the specified area.</li>
</ul>
<p>If the attribute value is not from-left and not from-inside, the
<em>svg:x</em> attribute associated with the frame element is ignored
for text documents.</p>
<p>Tables and display the defined combinations of values of the
attributes <em>style:horizontal-pos</em> and <em>style:horizontal-rel <a
href="#anchor-2699">20.299</a></em>. The values of these alignment
attributes are listed in the first column on the left, and an alignment
attribute value/anchor type value match is indicated by an X.</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 19 - Horizontal position values</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Value of <em>style:horizontal-pos</em></th>
<th colspan="5"></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>any</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 20 - Horizontal relation values</p>
</div>
<div class="caption">

</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Value of <em>style:horizontal-rel</em></th>
<th colspan="5"></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>char</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frame</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frame-content</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frame-end-margin</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frame-start-margin</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>page</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>page-content</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>page-end-margin</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>page-start-margin</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>paragraph</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>paragraph-content</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>paragraph-end-margin</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>paragraph-start-margin</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <em>style:horizontal-pos</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:horizontal-pos</em> attribute are left,
center, right, from-left, inside, outside or from-inside.</p>
<h2 id="stylehorizontal-rel"><span id="anchor-4692"></span><span
id="anchor-2699"></span>style:horizontal-rel</h2>
<p>The <em>style:horizontal-rel</em> attribute specifies the area
against which the horizontal position of a frame is positioned. </p>
<p>The value start-margin determines the left margin, except when the
horizontal position is from-inside, inside or outside and the anchor for
the frame is on a page with an even page number, in which case it
determines the right margin. The value end-margin determines the
opposite margin to the start-margin values.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:horizontal-rel</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>char: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a
character. </li>
<li>page: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to a
page. </li>
<li>page-content: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative
to page-content. </li>
<li>page-start-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned
relative to a page start margin. </li>
<li>page-end-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned
relative to a page end margin. </li>
<li>frame: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to
another frame. </li>
<li>frame-content: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative
to frame content. </li>
<li>frame-end-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned
relative to a frame end margin. </li>
<li>frame-start-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned
relative to a frame start margin </li>
<li>paragraph: horizontal position of a frame is positioned relative to
a paragraph. </li>
<li>paragraph-content: horizontal position of a frame is positioned
relative to paragraph content. </li>
<li>paragraph-end-margin: horizontal position of a frame is positioned
relative to a paragraph end margin. </li>
<li>paragraph-start-margin:horizontal position of a frame is positioned
relative to a paragraph start margin. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:horizontal-rel</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:horizontal-rel</em> attribute are page,
page-content, page-start-margin, page-end-margin, frame, frame-content,
frame-start-margin, frame-end-margin, paragraph, paragraph-content,
paragraph-start-margin, paragraph-end-margin or char.</p>
<h2 id="stylejoin-border"><span id="anchor-4693"></span><span
id="anchor-2497"></span>style:join-border</h2>
<p>The <em>style:join-border</em> property specifies whether a border
for one paragraph is to be extended around the following paragraph. </p>
<p>In addition to the value of this attribute, joining of borders
requires meeting these conditions:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Values of attributes <em>fo:border-top <a
href="#anchor-2416">20.183.6</a></em>, <em>fo:border-bottom <a
href="#anchor-2413">20.183.3</a></em>, <em>fo:border-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2414">20.183.4</a> and <em>fo:border-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2415">20.183.5</a> are the same. These values can also be
given by the <em>fo:border</em> <a href="#anchor-2412">20.183.2</a>
attribute.</li>
<li>Values of attributes <em>style:border-line-width-top <a
href="#anchor-2433">20.252</a></em>, <em>style:border-line-width-bottom
<a href="#anchor-2430">20.249</a></em>,
<em>style:border-line-width-left</em> <a href="#anchor-2431">20.250</a>
and <em>style:border-line-width-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2432">20.251</a> are the same. These values can also be
given by the <em>style:border-line-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2429">20.248</a> attribute.</li>
<li>Values of attributes <em>fo:padding-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2424">20.219</a> and <em>fo:padding-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2425">20.220</a> are the same. These values can also be
given by the <em>fo:padding</em> <a href="#anchor-2422">20.217</a>
attribute.</li>
<li>Values of the <em>fo:margin-right</em> <a
href="#anchor-2420">20.208</a> attributes are the same. These values can
also be given by the <em>fo:margin</em> <a
href="#anchor-2417">20.205</a> attribute.</li>
<li><p>Values of the <em>fo:margin-left</em> <a
href="#anchor-2419">20.207</a> attribute, which can also be given by the
<em>fo:margin</em>, and <em>fo:text-indent</em> <a
href="#anchor-2594">19.246</a> attributes, that meet one of these
conditions:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>All values are the same.</li>
<li>Values of the <em>fo:margin-left</em> attributes are the same and
values of the <em>fo:text-indent</em> attributes are non-negative.</li>
<li>Value of the <em>fo:margin-left</em> attribute of one paragraph
whose value of the <em>fo:text-indent</em> attribute is non-negative is
the same as the sum of values of the <em>fo:margin-left</em> and
<em>fo:text-indent</em> attributes of the other paragraph whose value of
the <em>fo:text-indent</em> attribute is negative.</li>
<li>Both values of the <em>fo:text-indent</em> attributes are negative
and the sums of values of the <em>fo:margin-left</em> and
<em>fo:text-indent</em> attributes are equal.</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>The default value of this attribute is true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:join-border</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: borders should not be joined.</li>
<li>true: borders should be joined.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:join-border</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:join-border</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylejustify-single-word"><span id="anchor-4694"></span><span
id="anchor-2498"></span>style:justify-single-word</h2>
<p>The <em>style:justify-single-word</em> attribute specifies whether a
single word should be justified when the last line in a paragraph is
justified.</p>
<p>Specifying a <em>style:justify-single-word</em> attribute without
specifying a <em>fo:text-align</em> <a href="#anchor-2489">20.223</a>
and <em>fo:text-align-last</em> <a href="#anchor-2490">20.224</a>
attribute has no effect. Unspecified, both <em>fo:text-align</em> and
<em>fo:text-align-last</em> have the value start.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:justify-single-word</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: single word should not be justified when the last line in a
paragraph is justified.</li>
<li>true: single word should be justified when last line in a paragraph
is justified.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:justify-single-word</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:justify-single-word</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelanguage-asian"><span id="anchor-4695"></span><span
id="anchor-2266"></span>style:language-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:language-asian</em> attribute specifies the language of
a text.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a
<em>style:country-asian</em> <a href="#anchor-2237">20.256</a>
attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>style:language-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:language-asian</em> attribute has the data type
<em>languageCode</em> <a href="#datatype-languageCode">18.3.17</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelanguage-complex"><span id="anchor-4696"></span><span
id="anchor-2267"></span>style:language-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:language-complex</em> attribute specifies the language
of a text.</p>
<p>The <em>style:language-asian</em> attribute is evaluated for <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose
script type is asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>This attribute may be ignored if it is not specified together with a
<em>style:country-complex</em> <a href="#anchor-2238">20.257</a>
attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>style:language-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:language-complex</em> attribute has the data type
<em>languageCode</em> <a href="#datatype-languageCode">18.3.17</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-base-height"><span
id="anchor-4697"></span><span
id="anchor-2436"></span>style:layout-grid-base-height</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-base-height</em> attribute specifies the
height reserved in layout grid lines for non-ruby text.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-base-height</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-base-height</em> attribute has the data
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-base-width"><span id="anchor-4698"></span><span
id="anchor-2437"></span>style:layout-grid-base-width</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-base-width</em> attribute specifies a
grid's base width. This attribute is only evaluated if
<em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2446">20.314</a> attribute has the value true. </p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-base-width</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-base-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-color"><span id="anchor-4699"></span><span
id="anchor-2438"></span>style:layout-grid-color</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-color</em> attribute specifies the color of
layout grid border lines.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-display"><span id="anchor-4700"></span><span
id="anchor-2439"></span>style:layout-grid-display</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-display</em> attribute specifies whether
layout grid border lines are displayed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:layout-grid-display</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: layout grid border lines should not be displayed.</li>
<li>true: layout grid border lines should be displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-display</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-display</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-lines"><span id="anchor-4701"></span><span
id="anchor-2440"></span>style:layout-grid-lines</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-lines</em> attribute specifies the number
of layout grid lines per page. The number of lines displayed may be
smaller than specified if the page does not have space to display the
specified number of lines with the specified line height.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-lines</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-lines</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-mode"><span id="anchor-4702"></span><span
id="anchor-2441"></span>style:layout-grid-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-mode</em> attribute enables Asian layout
grids.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:layout-grid-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>both: like lines, except that the lines are divided into rectangular
layout cells. The calculation of layout cells depends on the
<em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em> attribute. Within a layout
cell, no more than one Asian <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> character is displayed. An Asian
character that does not fit into a single layout cell is displayed
centered into as many layout cells as required. Non Asian text is
centered within as many cells as required.</li>
<li>lines: enables a line layout, this is, the page is divided in a
fixed number of lines. The exact number of lines depends on the other
layout grid formatting properties. There is no space between the layout
grid lines. The layout grid itself is centered on the page.</li>
<li>none: disables the layout grid.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:layout-grid-mode</em> attribute are none,
line or both.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-print"><span id="anchor-4703"></span><span
id="anchor-2442"></span>style:layout-grid-print</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-print</em> attribute specifies whether
layout grid border lines are printed.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:layout-grid-print</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: layout grid border lines should not be printed.</li>
<li>true: layout grid border lines should be printed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-print</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-print</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-ruby-below"><span id="anchor-4704"></span><span
id="anchor-2443"></span>style:layout-grid-ruby-below</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-below</em> attribute specifies whether
ruby text is displayed above or below the base text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-below</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: ruby text should be displayed above the base text.</li>
<li>true: ruby text should be displayed below the base text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-below</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-below</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-ruby-height"><span
id="anchor-4705"></span><span
id="anchor-2444"></span>style:layout-grid-ruby-height</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-height</em> attribute specifies the
height reserved in layout grid lines for ruby text. </p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-height</em> attribute appears on a
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a> element only if a
<em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2446">20.314</a> attribute, with the value false, appears
on the same <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-height</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-height</em> attribute has the data
type <em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-snap-to"><span id="anchor-4706"></span><span
id="anchor-2445"></span>style:layout-grid-snap-to</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-snap-to</em> attribute specifies whether
the text is snapped to the grid or not. It is evaluated only if the
<em>style:layout-grid-mode</em> <a href="#anchor-2441">20.309</a>
attribute has the value both and the
<em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2446">20.314</a> attribute has the value true.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:layout-grid-snap-to</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text should not be snapped to grid.</li>
<li>true: text should be snapped to grid.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-snap-to</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-snap-to</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylelayout-grid-standard-mode"><span
id="anchor-4707"></span><span
id="anchor-2446"></span>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em> attribute specifies how
the rectangular grid cells are calculated if the
<em>style:layout-grid-mode</em> <a href="#anchor-2441">20.309</a>
attribute has the value both.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em> attribute can only be
used in the default page layout. If the
<em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em> attribute appears inside a
<em>&lt;style:page-layout&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-180">16.5</a>
element it shall be ignored.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the page is divided in a fixed number of lines, and the lines
are divided into square cells. The number of cells per grid line depends
on the line height, where the line height is the sum of the base height
and the ruby height as specified by the
<em>style:layout-grid-base-height</em> <a href="#anchor-2436">20.304</a>
and <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-height</em> <a
href="#anchor-2444">20.312</a> attributes.</li>
<li>true: the page is divided into a fixed numbers of lines, and the
lines are divided into rectangular cells. The line height is specified
by the <em>style:layout-grid-base-height</em> attribute, and the cell
width is specified by <em>style:layout-grid-base-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2437">20.305</a> attribute. The number of cells per line
depends on the grid base width. This mode is also called <em>standard
paper mode</em>. The <em>style:layout-grid-ruby-height</em> attribute is
ignored in this mode.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:layout-grid-standard-mode</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleline-break"><span id="anchor-4708"></span><span
id="anchor-2499"></span>style:line-break</h2>
<p>The <em>style:line-break</em> attribute specifies line breaking
rules. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:line-break</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>normal: line breaks may occur between any characters.</li>
<li>strict: line breaks shall not occur before or after
implementation-defined characters. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:line-break</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:line-break</em> attribute are normal or
strict.</p>
<h2 id="styleletter-kerning"><span id="anchor-4709"></span><span
id="anchor-2268"></span>style:letter-kerning</h2>
<p>The <em>style:letter-kerning</em> attribute specifies whether kerning
between characters is enabled or disabled.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:letter-kerning</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: kerning between letters should be disabled.</li>
<li>true: kerning between letters should be enabled.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:letter-kerning</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:letter-kerning</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleline-height-at-least"><span id="anchor-4710"></span><span
id="anchor-2500"></span>style:line-height-at-least</h2>
<p>The <em>style:line-height-at-least</em> attribute specifies a minimum
line height. The value of this attribute is a length.</p>
<p>The effect of this attribute is disabled when <em>fo:line-height</em>
<a href="#anchor-2487">20.204</a> has the value of normal. </p>
<p>The <em>style:line-height-at-least</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:line-height-at-least</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleline-spacing"><span id="anchor-4711"></span><span
id="anchor-2501"></span>style:line-spacing</h2>
<p>The <em>style:line-spacing</em> attribute specifies a fixed distance
between two lines.</p>
<p>The effect of this attribute is disabled when <em>fo:line-height</em>
<a href="#anchor-2487">20.204</a> has the value of normal. </p>
<p>The <em>style:line-spacing</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:line-spacing</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylemay-break-between-rows"><span id="anchor-4712"></span><span
id="anchor-2551"></span>style:may-break-between-rows</h2>
<p>The <em>style:may-break-between-rows</em> attribute specifies that a
page break may occur inside a table.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:may-break-between-rows</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: page break shall not occur inside a table.</li>
<li>true: page break may occur inside a table.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:may-break-between-rows</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:may-break-between-rows</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylemin-row-height"><span id="anchor-4713"></span><span
id="anchor-2563"></span>style:min-row-height</h2>
<p>The <em>style:min-row-height</em> attribute specifies a fixed minimum
height for a row.</p>
<p>The <em>style:min-row-height</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2030">17.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:min-row-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylemirror"><span id="anchor-4714"></span><span
id="anchor-2700"></span>style:mirror</h2>
<p>The <em>style:mirror</em> attribute specifies whether an image is
mirrored before it is displayed. The mirroring can be vertical or
horizontal or both.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:mirror</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>none: image should not be mirrored before being displayed.</li>
<li>horizontal: image should be mirrored horizontally before being
displayed.</li>
<li>horizontal-on-even: image should be mirrored horizontally on even
numbered pages before being displayed.</li>
<li>horizontal-on-odd: image should be mirrored horizontally on odd
numbered pages before being displayed.</li>
<li>vertical: image should be mirrored vertically before being
displayed. </li>
</ul>
<p>The value vertical and the horizontal values can be specified
together, separated by a white space.</p>
<p>The <em>style:mirror</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:mirror</em> attribute are none, vertical,
or two white space separated values, that may appear in any order. One
of these values is always vertical. The other value is one of:
horizontal, horizontal-on-odd or horizontal-on-even.</p>
<h2 id="stylenum-format-1"><span id="anchor-4715"></span><span
id="anchor-2447"></span>style:num-format</h2>
<p>The <em>style:num-format</em> attribute specifies a numbering
sequence. </p>
<p>If no value is given, no number sequence is displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:num-format</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>1: number sequence starts with “1”.</li>
<li>a: number sequence starts with “a”.</li>
<li>A: number sequence starts with “A”.</li>
<li>empty string: no number sequence displayed.</li>
<li>i: number sequence starts with “i”.</li>
<li>I: number sequence start with “I”.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:num-format</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:num-format</em> attribute are 1, i, I, a
value of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>, an empty
string, a or A.</p>
<h2 id="stylenum-letter-sync-1"><span id="anchor-4716"></span><span
id="anchor-2448"></span>style:num-letter-sync</h2>
<p>The <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> attribute specifies whether letter
synchronization shall take place. If letters are used in alphabetical
order for numbering, there are two ways to process overflows within a
digit, as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: A new digit is inserted that always has the same value as the
following digit. The numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in
that case is a, b, c, ..., z, aa, bb, cc, ..., zz, aaa, ..., and so
on.</li>
<li>true: A new digit is inserted. Its start value is ”a” or ”A”, and it
is incremented every time an overflow occurs in the following digit. The
numbering sequence (for lower case numberings) in that case is a,b,c,
..., z, aa, ab, ac, ...,az, ba, ..., and so on. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:num-letter-sync</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylenum-prefix-1"><span id="anchor-4717"></span><span
id="anchor-2449"></span>style:num-prefix</h2>
<p>The <em>style:num-prefix</em> attribute specifies what to display
before a number.</p>
<p>If the <em>style:num-prefix</em> and <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a> values do not contain any character that
has a <a href="#nref-unicode">[UNICODE]</a> category of Nd, Nl, No, Lu,
Ll, Lt, Lm or Lo, an <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSLT">[XSLT]</span> format attribute can be created from the
attributes by concatenating the values of the <em>style:num-prefix</em>,
<em>style:num-format <a href="#anchor-570">19.504</a></em>, and
<em>style:num-suffix</em> <a href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a>
attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>style:num-prefix</em> attribute can also specify a character
before the value of a <em>text:bullet-char</em> <a
href="#anchor-2345">19.765</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>style:num-prefix</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:num-prefix</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylenum-suffix-1"><span id="anchor-4718"></span><span
id="anchor-2450"></span>style:num-suffix</h2>
<p>The <em>style:num-prefix</em> and <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2450">style:num-suffix</a> attributes specify what to
display before and after a number.</p>
<p>If the <em>style:num-prefix</em> and <em>style:num-suffix</em> values
do not contain any character that has a <a
href="#nref-unicode">[UNICODE]</a> category of Nd, Nl, No, Lu, Ll, Lt,
Lm or Lo, an <span class="citation" data-cites="XSLT">[XSLT]</span>
format attribute can be created from the attributes by concatenating the
values of the <em>style:num-prefix</em>, <em>style:num-format <a
href="#anchor-570">19.504</a></em>, and <em>style:num-suffix</em> <a
href="#anchor-2323">19.507</a> attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>style:num-suffix</em> attribute can also specify a character
after the value of a <em>text:bullet-char</em> <a
href="#anchor-2345">19.765</a> attribute. </p>
<p>The <em>style:num-suffix</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:num-suffix</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylenumber-wrapped-paragraphs"><span
id="anchor-4719"></span><span
id="anchor-2701"></span>style:number-wrapped-paragraphs</h2>
<p>The <em>style:number-wrapped-paragraphs</em> attribute specifies the
number of paragraphs that can wrap around a frame if the anchor position
of a frame or drawing shape is a paragraph or a character, and the wrap
mode specified by the <em>style:wrap</em> <a
href="#anchor-2706">20.400</a> attribute is left, right, parallel, or
dynamic.</p>
<p>This attribute is only recognized in frames or styles that have a
<em>style:wrap</em> attribute attached with a value of left, right,
parallel, or dynamic.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:number-wrapped-paragraphs</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>no-limit: there is no limit on the number of paragraphs that may
wrap around a frame.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveInteger</em></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:number-wrapped-paragraphs</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:number-wrapped-paragraphs</em> attribute
are no-limit or a value of type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleoverflow-behavior"><span id="anchor-4720"></span><span
id="anchor-2702"></span>style:overflow-behavior</h2>
<p>The <em>style:overflow-behavior</em> attribute specifies the behavior
of text boxes where the containing text does not fit into a text box.
</p>
<p>If the <em>style:overflow-behavior</em> attribute value is
auto-create-new-frame and the text box has a minimum width or height
specified the text box will grow as long as there is space left on the
page. If no space is left, a new frame will be created on the next page,
with the same position and dimensions of the original frame.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:overflow-behavior</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>clip: text that does not fit into a text box is not displayed.</li>
<li>auto-create-new-frame: a new frame will be created on the next page,
with the same position and dimensions of the original frame.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:overflow-behavior</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:overflow-behavior</em> attribute are clip
or auto-create-new-frame.</p>
<h2 id="stylepage-number"><span id="anchor-4721"></span><span
id="anchor-2502"></span>style:page-number</h2>
<p>The <em>style:page-number</em> attribute specifies the page number
that should be used for a new page when either a paragraph or table
style specifies a master page that should be applied beginning from the
start of a paragraph or table.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:page-number</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: a page has the page number of the previous page, incremented
by one.</li>
<li>a value of type nonNegativeInteger <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>:
specifies a page number. </li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:page-number</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:page-number</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a> or
auto.</p>
<h2 id="stylepaper-tray-name"><span id="anchor-4722"></span><span
id="anchor-2451"></span>style:paper-tray-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:paper-tray-name</em> attribute specifies the paper tray
to use when printing a document. The names assigned to the paper trays
depends upon the printer. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:paper-tray-name</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>default: the default tray specified by printer configuration
settings.</li>
<li>a value of type string <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:paper-tray-name</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:paper-tray-name</em> attribute are
default or a value of type <em>string</em> <a
href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleprint"><span id="anchor-4723"></span><span
id="anchor-2452"></span>style:print</h2>
<p>The <em>style:print</em> attribute specifies the components in a
spreadsheet document to print.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>style:print</em> attribute is a white space
separated list of one or more of these values: </p>
<ul>
<li>annotations: annotations should be printed.</li>
<li>charts: charts should be printed.</li>
<li>drawings: drawings should be printed.</li>
<li>formulas: formulas should be printed.</li>
<li>grid: grid lines should be printed.</li>
<li>headers: headers should be printed.</li>
<li>objects: (including graphics): objects should be printed.</li>
<li>zero-values: zero-values should be printed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:print</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The value of the <em>style:print</em> attribute is a white space
separated lists of one of these values: headers, grid, annotations,
objects, charts, drawings, formulas, or zero-values, including the empty
list.</p>
<h2 id="styleprint-content"><span id="anchor-4724"></span><span
id="anchor-2576"></span>style:print-content</h2>
<h3 id="general-113"><span id="anchor-4725"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>style:print-content</em> attribute specifies if content is
printed.</p>
<h3 id="stylegraphic-properties-2"><span id="anchor-4726"></span><span
id="property-style:print-content_element-style:graphic-properties"></span>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:print-content</em> attribute specifies if frame content
is printed.</p>
<p>The <em>style:print-content</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:print-content</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h3 id="styletable-cell-properties-1"><span
id="anchor-4727"></span><span
id="property-style:print-content_element-style:table-cell-properties"></span>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:print-content</em> attribute specifies if cell content
is printed.</p>
<p>The <em>style:print-content</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:print-content</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleprint-page-order"><span id="anchor-4728"></span><span
id="anchor-2454"></span>style:print-page-order</h2>
<p>The <em>style:print-page-order</em> attribute specifies the order in
which data in a spreadsheet is numbered and printed when the data does
not fit on one printed page.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:print-page-order</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>ltr: create pages from the first column to the last column before
continuing with the next set of rows. </li>
<li>ttb: create pages from the top row to the bottom row before
continuing with the next set of columns.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:print-page-order</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:print-page-order</em> attribute are ttb
or ltr.</p>
<h2 id="styleprint-orientation"><span id="anchor-4729"></span><span
id="anchor-2453"></span>style:print-orientation</h2>
<p>The <em>style:print-orientation</em> attribute specifies the
orientation of the printed page. The value of this attribute can be
portrait or landscape.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:print-orientation</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>landscape: a page is printed in landscape orientation.</li>
<li>portrait: a page is printed in portrait orientation.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:print-orientation</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:print-orientation</em> attribute are
portrait or landscape.</p>
<h2 id="styleprotect"><span id="anchor-4730"></span><span
id="anchor-2534"></span>style:protect</h2>
<h3 id="general-114"><span id="anchor-4731"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>style:protect</em> attribute specifies the protection of
content.</p>
<h3 id="stylegraphic-properties-3"><span id="anchor-4732"></span><span
id="property-style:protect_element-style:graphic-properties"></span>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:protect</em> attribute specifies whether the content,
size, or position of a frame is protected. The value of this attribute
can be either none or a white space separated list that consists of any
of the values content, position, or size.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:protect</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>content: content of a frame should be protected from editing.</li>
<li>none: the content, size and position of a frame should be subject to
editing.</li>
<li>position: the position of a frame should be protected from
editing.</li>
<li>size: the size of a frame should be protected from editing.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:protect</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:protect</em> attribute are none, or white
space separated non-empty lists of one of these values: content,
position, or size..</p>
<h3 id="stylesection-properties-1"><span id="anchor-4733"></span><span
id="property-style:protect_element-style:section-properties"></span>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:protect</em> attribute specifies that sections should
not be changed. The user interface should prevent the user from manually
making any changes. The <em>style:protect</em> attribute should be set
to true by default for linked sections or indexes. Removing the
protection from linked sections or indexes leaves them unprotected from
editing, but any edits will be over-written by updates to those
sections.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:protect</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: sections should not be protected from editing.</li>
<li>true: sections should be protected from editing.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:protect</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:protect</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylepunctuation-wrap"><span id="anchor-4734"></span><span
id="anchor-2503"></span>style:punctuation-wrap</h2>
<p>The <em>style:punctuation-wrap</em> attribute specifies whether a
punctuation mark, if one is present, can be hanging, that is, whether it
can placed in the margin area at the end of a full line of text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:punctuation-wrap</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>hanging: a punctuation mark can be placed in the margin area at the
end of a full line of text.</li>
<li>simple: a punctuation mark cannot be placed in the margin area at
the end of a full line of text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:punctuation-wrap</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:punctuation-wrap</em> attribute are
simple or hanging.</p>
<h2 id="styleregister-true"><span id="anchor-4735"></span><span
id="anchor-2504"></span>style:register-true</h2>
<p>The <em>style:register-true</em> attribute specifies whether the
lines on both sides of a printed page align. The text baselines of text
in page columns or text box columns also align.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:register-true</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: lines on both sides of a printed text need not align.</li>
<li>true: lines on both sides of a printed text should align.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:register-true</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:register-true</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleregister-truth-ref-style-name"><span
id="anchor-4736"></span><span
id="anchor-2455"></span>style:register-truth-ref-style-name</h2>
<p>The <em>style:register-truth-ref-style-name</em> attribute specifies
a paragraph style. The line distance specified of the paragraph style is
used as the reference line distance for all paragraphs that have the
register-truth feature enabled.</p>
<p>The <em>style:register-truth-ref-style-name</em> attribute is usable
with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:register-truth-ref-style-name</em> attribute has the
data type <em>styleNameRef</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylerel-column-width"><span id="anchor-4737"></span><span
id="anchor-2560"></span>style:rel-column-width</h2>
<p>The <em>style:rel-column-width</em> attribute specifies a relative
width of a column with a number value, followed by a ”*” (U+002A,
ASTERISK) character. If <em>r</em><sub>c</sub> is the relative with of
the column, <em>r</em><sub>s</sub> the sum of all relative columns
widths, and <em>w</em><sub>s</sub> the absolute width that is available
for these columns the absolute width <em>w</em><sub>c</sub> of the
column is
<em>w</em><sub>c</sub><em>=r</em><sub>c</sub><em>w</em><sub>s</sub><em>/r</em><sub>s</sub>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-column-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2028">17.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-column-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>relativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-relativeLength">18.3.27</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylerel-height-1"><span id="anchor-4738"></span><span
id="anchor-2703"></span>style:rel-height</h2>
<p>The <em>style:rel-height</em> attribute specifies the height of a
drawing object as a relative value within a frame. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>scale: the height should be calculated depending on the width, so
that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size
is preserved.</li>
<li>scale-min:the height should be calculated as for value scale, but
the calculated height is a minimum height rather than an absolute
one.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The interpretation of relative values depends on the anchor of the
drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell,
the percentage value is relative to the surrounding table box. If the
anchor for the drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value is
relative to the surrounding text box. In other cases, the percentage
values is relative to the width of the page or window.</p>
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width and heights,
producers should also provide the height in <em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a> and <em>fo:min-height <a
href="#anchor-1348">19.240</a></em> attributes.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:rel-height</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>, scale or
scale-min.</p>
<h2 id="stylerel-width-1"><span id="anchor-4739"></span><span
id="anchor-2552"></span>style:rel-width</h2>
<h3 id="stylegraphic-properties-4"><span id="anchor-4740"></span><span
id="property-style:rel-width_element-style:graphic-properties"></span>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute specifies the relative width
of a drawing object. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>scale: the width should be calculated depending on the height, so
that the ratio of width and height of the original image or object size
is preserved.</li>
<li>scale-min: the width should be calculated as for value scale, but
the calculated width is a minimum width rather than an absolute
one.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The interpretation of the percent value depends on the anchor of the
drawing object. If the anchor for the drawing object is in a table cell,
the percent value of the surrounding table box. If the anchor for the
drawing object is in a text box, the percentage value of the surrounding
text box. In all other cases, the percent value of the containing page
or window</p>
<p>To support consumers that do not support relative width, producers
should also provide the width in a <em>svg:width <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a></em> attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute are a value of
type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>, scale or
scale-min.</p>
<h3 id="styletable-properties-1"><span id="anchor-4741"></span><span
id="property-style:rel-width_element-style:table-properties"></span><span
id="DDE_LINK19"></span>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute specifies the width of a table
relative to the width of the area that the table is in.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rel-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylerepeat-1"><span id="anchor-4742"></span><span
id="anchor-2704"></span>style:repeat</h2>
<p>The <em>style:repeat</em> attribute specifies if an image can be
repeated or stretched over an area. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:repeat</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>no-repeat: image should not be repeated.</li>
<li>repeat: image should be repeated.</li>
<li>stretch: image should be stretched over an area.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:repeat</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:repeat</em> attribute are no-repeat,
repeat or stretch.</p>
<h2 id="stylerepeat-content"><span id="anchor-4743"></span><span
id="anchor-2577"></span>style:repeat-content</h2>
<p>The <em>style:repeat-content</em> attribute specifies whether text
content of a cell is displayed as many times as there is space left in
the cell's writing direction. The attribute has no effect for cell
content that contains a line break.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:repeat-content</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text content of a cell should not be displayed as many times
as there is space left in the cell's writing direction.</li>
<li>true: text content of a cell should be displayed as many times as
there is space left in the cell's writing direction.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:repeat-content</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:repeat-content</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylerfc-language-tag-1"><span id="anchor-4744"></span><span
id="anchor-2269"></span>style:rfc-language-tag</h2>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute specifies a language
identifier according to the rules of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors.</p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid
combination of the <em>fo:language <a
href="#anchor-2232">20.202</a></em>, <em>fo:script</em> <a
href="#anchor-2234">20.222</a> and <em>fo:country</em> <a
href="#anchor-2223">20.188</a> attributes.</p>
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don't support the
<em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute by specifying
<em>fo:language</em>, <em>fo:script</em> and <em>fo:country</em>
attributes with values that are implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>The attribute is evaluated for any <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters that are not of type
asian or complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag</em> attribute has the data type
<em>language</em> <a href="#anchor-270">18.3.16</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylerfc-language-tag-asian"><span id="anchor-4745"></span><span
id="anchor-2270"></span>style:rfc-language-tag-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag-asian</em> attribute specifies a
language identifier according to the rules of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors.</p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid
combination of the <em>style:language-asian <a
href="#anchor-2266">20.302</a></em>, <em>style:script-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2272">20.356</a> and <em>style:country-asian</em> <a
href="#anchor-2237">20.256</a> attributes.</p>
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don't support the
<em>style:rfc-language-tag-asian</em> attribute by specifying
<em>style:language-asian</em>, <em>style:script-asian</em> and
<em>style:country-asian</em> attributes with values that are
implementation-dependent. </p>
<p><span id="anchor-4746"></span>This attribute is evaluated for <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters that
are of type asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag-asian</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag-asian</em> attribute has the data type
<em>language</em> <a href="#anchor-270">18.3.16</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylerfc-language-tag-complex"><span
id="anchor-4747"></span><span
id="anchor-2271"></span>style:rfc-language-tag-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag-complex</em> attribute specifies a
language identifier according to the rules of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors.</p>
<p>It shall only be used if its value cannot be expressed as a valid
combination of the <em>style:language-complex <a
href="#anchor-2267">20.303</a></em>, <em>style:script-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2273">20.357</a> and <em>style:country-complex</em> <a
href="#anchor-2238">20.257</a> attributes.</p>
<p>Producers may add support for consumers that don't support the
<em>style:rfc-language-tag-complex</em> attribute by specifying
<em>style:language-complex</em>, <em>style:script-complex</em> and
<em>style:country-complex</em> attributes with values that are
implementation-dependent. </p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters that are of type
complex..</p>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag-complex</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rfc-language-tag-complex</em> attribute has the data
type <em>language</em> <a href="#anchor-270">18.3.16</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylerotation-align"><span id="anchor-4748"></span><span
id="anchor-2578"></span>style:rotation-align</h2>
<p>The <em>style:rotation-align</em> attribute specifies how the edge of
the text in a cell is aligned after a rotation. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:rotation-align</em> attribute
are shown in Table :</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 21 - Rotation align values</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Alignment</th>
<th>Text is...</th>
<th>Borders and background are...</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>None.</td>
<td>Rotated and aligned within the cell. </td>
<td>Unchanged.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Rotated and may overlap with other cells if the text is longer than
the length of the cell.</td>
<td>Positioned parallel to the text, whereby the edge that is named by
the attribute value aligns with the corresponding edge of the cell's
original position. </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <em>style:rotation-align</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:rotation-align</em> attribute are none,
bottom, top or center.</p>
<h2 id="stylerotation-angle"><span id="anchor-4749"></span><span
id="anchor-2579"></span>style:rotation-angle</h2>
<p>The <em>style:rotation-angle</em> attribute specifies the rotation
angle of content. The attribute value is an angle. </p>
<p>If used with a chart style applied to a <em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element the attribute specifies the
rotation of the axis labels, each tick label is rotated, the axis title
is not affected in this case.</p>
<p>If used with a chart style applied to a <em>&lt;chart:data-label&gt;
<a href="#anchor-432">11.15</a></em>, <em>&lt;chart:data-point&gt;<a
href="#anchor-1604">11.14</a></em>, <em>&lt;chart:series&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1586">11.12</a> or <em>&lt;chart:plot-area&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1409">11.5</a> element the attribute specifies the
rotation angle of the according data labels.</p>
<p>If used with a chart style applied to a <em>&lt;chart:title&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-438">11.2.1</a> element the attribute specifies the
rotation angle of the title.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rotation-angle</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:rotation-angle</em> attribute has the data type
<em>angle</em> <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylerow-height"><span id="anchor-4750"></span><span
id="anchor-2564"></span>style:row-height</h2>
<p>The <em>style:row-height</em> attribute specifies a fixed row
height.</p>
<p>The <em>style:row-height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2030">17.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:row-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleruby-align"><span id="anchor-4751"></span><span
id="anchor-2530"></span>style:ruby-align</h2>
<p>The <em>style:ruby-align</em> attribute specifies the horizontal
alignment of the ruby text in relationship to the ruby base.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:ruby-align</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>center: ruby text centered on ruby base text.</li>
<li>distribute-letter: If the width of the ruby text is smaller than
that of the ruby base text, then the ruby text contents are evenly
distributed across the width of the ruby base text, with the first and
last ruby text glyphs lining up with the corresponding first and last
base glyphs. If the width of the ruby text is at least the width of the
ruby base text, then the letters of the ruby base text are evenly
distributed across the width of the ruby text. </li>
<li>distribute-space: If the width of the ruby text is smaller than that
of the ruby base text, then the ruby text contents are evenly
distributed across the width of the ruby base text, with a amount of
white space preceding the first and following the last character in the
ruby text. That amount of white space is normally equal to half the
amount of inter-character space of the ruby text. If the width of the
ruby text is at least the width of the ruby base text, then the same
type of space distribution applies to the ruby base text. If the base is
shorter than the ruby text, the base is distribute-space aligned. </li>
<li>left: ruby text to the left of ruby base text.</li>
<li>right: ruby text to the right of ruby base text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:ruby-align</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2025">17.10</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:ruby-align</em> attribute are left,
center, right, distribute-letter or distribute-space.</p>
<h2 id="styleruby-position"><span id="anchor-4752"></span><span
id="anchor-2531"></span>style:ruby-position</h2>
<p>The <em>style:ruby-position</em> attribute specifies the vertical
position of the ruby text in relationship to the ruby base.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:ruby-position</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>above: ruby text should be above ruby base text.</li>
<li>below: ruby text should be below ruby base text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:ruby-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:ruby-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2025">17.10</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:ruby-position</em> attribute are above or
below.</p>
<h2 id="stylerun-through"><span id="anchor-4753"></span><span
id="anchor-2705"></span>style:run-through</h2>
<p>The <em>style:run-through</em> attribute specifies whether content of
a frame is displayed in the background or foreground. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:run-through</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>background: frame content is displayed behind a text.</li>
<li>foreground: frame content is displayed in front of a text.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value for this attribute is foreground.</p>
<p>Use of this attribute depends upon the presence of a
<em>style:wrap</em> <a href="#anchor-2706">20.400</a> attribute with the
value run-through.</p>
<p>The <em>style:run-through</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:run-through</em> attribute are foreground
or background.</p>
<h2 id="stylescale-to"><span id="anchor-4754"></span><span
id="anchor-2456"></span>style:scale-to</h2>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to</em> attribute specifies that a document is to
be scaled to a percentage value. A value of 100% means no scaling. </p>
<p>If <em>style:scale-to</em>, <em>style:scale-to-pages</em> <a
href="#anchor-2459">20.353</a>, <em>style:scale-to-X</em> <a
href="#anchor-2457">20.354</a> and <em>style:scale-to-Y</em> <a
href="#anchor-2458">20.355</a> attributes are absent, a document is not
scaled.</p>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylescale-to-pages"><span id="anchor-4755"></span><span
id="anchor-2459"></span>style:scale-to-pages</h2>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to-pages</em> attribute specifies the number of
pages on which a document should be printed. The document is scaled to
fit a specified number of pages.</p>
<p>If <em>style:scale-to-pages</em>, <em>style:scale-to</em> <a
href="#anchor-2456">20.352</a>, <em>style:scale-to-X</em> <a
href="#anchor-2457">20.354</a> and <em>style:scale-to-Y</em> <a
href="#anchor-2458">20.355</a> attributes are absent, a document is not
scaled.</p>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to-pages</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to-pages</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylescale-to-x"><span id="anchor-4756"></span><span
id="anchor-2457"></span> style:scale-to-X</h2>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to-X</em> attribute specifies the number of pages
on which a document should be printed. The document is scaled to fit up
to <em>style:scale-to-X</em> pages horizontally. If
<em>style:scale-to-X</em>, <em>style:scale-to-Y</em> <a
href="#anchor-2458">20.355</a>, <em>style:scale-to-pages</em> <a
href="#anchor-2459">20.353</a> and <em>style:scale-to</em> <a
href="#anchor-2456">20.352</a> are absent, a document is not scaled.</p>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to-X</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to-X</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylescale-to-y"><span id="anchor-4757"></span><span
id="anchor-2458"></span>style:scale-to-Y</h2>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to-Y</em> attribute specifies the number of pages
on which a document should be printed. The document is scaled to fit up
to <em>style:scale-to-Y</em> pages vertically. If
<em>style:scale-to-Y</em>, <em>style:scale-to-X</em> <a
href="#anchor-2457">20.354</a>, <em>style:scale-to-pages</em> <a
href="#anchor-2459">20.353</a> and <em>style:scale-to</em> <a
href="#anchor-2456">20.352</a> are absent, a document is not scaled.</p>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to-Y</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:scale-to-Y</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylescript-asian"><span id="anchor-4758"></span><span
id="anchor-2272"></span>style:script-asian</h2>
<p>The <em>style:script-asian</em> attribute specifies the script code
of a text. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to
the rules of §2.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors.</p>
<p><span id="anchor-4759"></span>This attribute is evaluated for <span
class="citation" data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose
script type is asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a
<em>style:language-asian</em> <a href="#anchor-2266">20.302</a>
attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>style:script-asian</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:script-asian</em> attribute has the data type
<em>scriptCode</em> <a href="#datatype-scriptCode">18.3.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylescript-complex"><span id="anchor-4760"></span><span
id="anchor-2273"></span>style:script-complex</h2>
<p>The <em>style:script-complex</em> attribute specifies the script code
of a text. The attribute should be used only if necessary according to
the rules of §2.2.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC5646">[RFC5646]</span>, or its successors.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
complex. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>It may be ignored if is not specified together with a
<em>style:language-complex</em> <a href="#anchor-2267">20.303</a>
attribute.</p>
<p>The <em>style:script-complex</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:script-complex</em> attribute has the data type
<em>scriptCode</em> <a href="#datatype-scriptCode">18.3.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylescript-type"><span id="anchor-4761"></span><span
id="anchor-2274"></span>style:script-type</h2>
<p>The <em>style:script-type</em> attribute specifies which script type
dependent attributes ( <em>fo:font-family <a
href="#anchor-2224">20.189</a></em>, <em>style:font-family-asian <a
href="#anchor-2266">20.302</a></em>, <em>style:font-family-complex <a
href="#anchor-2267">20.303</a></em>) are currently active for a portion
of text. The attribute may be evaluated by consumers that cannot
determine the script types of Unicode characters to select the correct
script type dependent formatting properties. Consumers that can
determine script types of Unicode characters may also evaluate the
attribute and overwrite the script type they determine for certain
character with the value of the attribute. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The usage of this attribute simplifies transformations from and
to <span class="citation" data-cites="CSS2">[CSS2]</span>/<span
class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span> and other formats that do
not have script-dependent attributes, and also can be used to assign
script-types to weak <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters, where consumers may
choose different script types.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The value ignore can be used only within default styles. If it is
set, all script-dependent attributes are applied to all script types.
This would mean that a <em>fo:font-family</em> would be applied to all
script types as well as a <em>style:font-family-asian</em> or
<em>style:font-family-complex</em>. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Use of the ignore value simplifies saving documents with
producers that do not support a script type.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:script-type</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>asian: all asian script type dependent attributes are active.</li>
<li>complex: all complex script type dependent attributes are
active.</li>
<li>ignore: all script type dependent attributes are applied to all
script types. This is available on default styles only.</li>
<li>latin: all latin script type dependent attributes are active.</li>
</ul>
<p>The mapping of Unicode code points to script types is defined by
table . Consumers should apply this mapping. For Unicode code points for
which no mapping is defined, the mapping is
implementation-dependent.</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 22 - Unicode Code Point to Script Type Mapping</p>
</div>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Unicode Code Point Ranges</td>
<td>Script Type</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U+0003..U+001F, U+0021..U+009F, U+00A1..U+04FF, U+0530..U+058F,
U+10A0..U+10FF, U+13A0..U+16FF, U+1E00..U+1FFF, U+2C60..U+2C7F,
U+2C80..U+2CE3, U+A720..U+A7FF</td>
<td>latin</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U+0590..U+074F, U+0780..U+07BF, U+0900..U+109F, U+1200..U+137F,
U+1780..U+18AF, U+FB50..U+FDFF, U+FE70..U+FEFF</td>
<td>complex</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>U+1100..U+11FF, U+2E80..U+31BF, U+31C0..U+31EF, U+3200..U+4DBF,
U+4E00..U+A4CF, U+AC00..U+D7AF, U+F900..U+FAFF, U+FE30..U+FE4F,
U+FF00..U+FFEF, U+20000..U+2A6DF, U+2F800..U+2FA1F</td>
<td>asian</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <em>style:script-type</em> attribute specifies which script type
dependent attributes are currently active for a portion of text. The
attribute may be evaluated by consumers that do not support script types
to select the correct script dependent formatting properties. Consumers
that support script types may also evaluate the attribute and overwrite
the script type they would evaluate for a specific character.</p>
<p>The <em>style:script-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:script-type</em> attribute are latin,
asian, complex or ignore.</p>
<h2 id="styleshadow"><span id="anchor-4762"></span><span
id="anchor-2460"></span>style:shadow</h2>
<p>The <em>style:shadow</em> attribute specifies a shadow effect.</p>
<p>The defined values for this attribute are those defined in §7.16.5 of
<span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>, except the value
inherit.</p>
<p>The shadow effect is not applied to the text content of an element,
but depending on the element where the attribute appears, to a
paragraph, a text box, a page body, a header, a footer, a table or a
table cell. </p>
<p>The <em>style:shadow</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>,
<em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>,
<em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>,
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>,
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:shadow</em> attribute are none or a value
of type <em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleshrink-to-fit"><span id="anchor-4763"></span><span
id="anchor-2580"></span>style:shrink-to-fit</h2>
<p>The <em>style:shrink-to-fit</em> attribute specifies whether content
is reduced in size to fit within a cell or drawing object. Shrinking
means that the font size of the content is decreased to fit the content
into a cell or drawing object. The attribute has no effect on cells
where the cell content already fits into the cell.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:shrink-to-fit</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: content should not be reduced in size to fit within a cell or
drawing object.</li>
<li>true: content should be reduced in size to fit within a cell or
drawing object.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:shrink-to-fit</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a> and
<em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:shrink-to-fit</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylesnap-to-layout-grid"><span id="anchor-4764"></span><span
id="anchor-2505"></span>style:snap-to-layout-grid</h2>
<p>The <em>style:snap-to-layout-grid</em> attribute specifies whether
the layout of a paragraph should consider the layout grid settings of
the page where it appears.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:snap-to-layout-grid</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: layout of a paragraph should not consider the layout grid
settings of the page where it appears.</li>
<li>true: layout of a paragraph should consider the layout grid settings
of the page where it appears.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:snap-to-layout-grid</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:snap-to-layout-grid</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletab-stop-distance"><span id="anchor-4765"></span><span
id="anchor-2506"></span>style:tab-stop-distance</h2>
<p>The <em>style:tab-stop-distance</em> attribute specifies the distance
between default tab stops. A default tab stop is repeated automatically
after the specified distance. Default tab stops are only evaluated if
they are specified within a default style.</p>
<p>The <em>style:tab-stop-distance</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:tab-stop-distance</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletable-centering"><span id="anchor-4766"></span><span
id="anchor-2461"></span>style:table-centering</h2>
<p>The <em>style:table-centering</em> attribute specifies whether tables
are centered horizontally and/or vertically on the page. This attribute
only applies to spreadsheet documents.</p>
<p>The default is to align the table to the top-left or top-right corner
of the page, depending of its writing direction.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:table-centering</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>both: tables should be centered both horizontally and vertically on
the pages where they appear.</li>
<li>horizontal: tables should be centered horizontally on the pages
where they appear.</li>
<li>none: tables should not be centered both horizontally or vertically
on the pages where they appear.</li>
<li>vertical: tables should be centered vertically on the pages where
they appear.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:table-centering</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:table-centering</em> attribute are
horizontal, vertical, both or none.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-align-source"><span id="anchor-4767"></span><span
id="anchor-2581"></span>style:text-align-source</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-align-source</em> attribute specifies the source
of a text-align attribute. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-align-source</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>fix: content alignment uses the value of the <em>fo:text-align</em>
<a href="#anchor-2489">20.223</a> attribute.</li>
<li>value-type: content alignment uses the value-type of the cell.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default alignment for a cell value-type string is left, for other
value-types it is right. </p>
<p>The <em>style:text-align-source</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-align-source</em> attribute are fix
or value-type.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-autospace"><span id="anchor-4768"></span><span
id="anchor-2507"></span>style:text-autospace</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-autospace</em> attribute specifies whether to add
space between portions of Asian, Western, and complex texts.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-autospace</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>ideograph-alpha: space should be added between portions of Asian,
Western and complex texts.</li>
<li>none: space should not be added between portions of Asian, Western
and complex texts.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-autospace</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-autospace</em> attribute are none or
ideograph-alpha.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-blinking"><span id="anchor-4769"></span><span
id="anchor-2275"></span>style:text-blinking</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-blinking</em> attribute specifies whether text
blinks.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-blinking</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text should not blink.</li>
<li>true: text should blink.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-blinking</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-blinking</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-combine"><span id="anchor-4770"></span><span
id="anchor-2276"></span>style:text-combine</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-combine</em> attribute specifies whether to
combine characters so that they are displayed within two lines.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-combine</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>letters: Display text in Kumimoji. Up to five (5) characters are
combined within two lines and are displayed with a reduced size in a
single wide-cell character. Additional characters are displayed as
normal text. </li>
<li>lines: Displays text in Warichu. All characters with the
<em>style:text-combine</em> attribute that immediately follow each other
are displayed within two lines of approximately the same length. A line
break may occur between any two characters to meet this constraint.
</li>
<li>none: characters should not be combined.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-combine</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-combine</em> attribute are none,
letters or lines.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-combine-start-char"><span
id="anchor-4771"></span><span
id="anchor-2278"></span>style:text-combine-start-char</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-combine-start-char</em> attribute specifies the
start character that is displayed before a portion of text whose
<em>style:text-combine</em> <a href="#anchor-2276">20.367</a> attribute
has a value of lines.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-combine-start-char</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-combine-start-char</em> attribute has the data
type <em>character</em> <a href="#datatype-character">18.3.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-combine-end-char"><span id="anchor-4772"></span><span
id="anchor-2277"></span>style:text-combine-end-char</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-combine-end-char</em> attribute specifies the end
character that is displayed after a portion of text whose
<em>style:text-combine</em> <a href="#anchor-2276">20.367</a> attribute
has a value of lines.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-combine-end-char</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-combine-end-char</em> attribute has the data type
<em>character</em> <a href="#datatype-character">18.3.7</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-emphasize"><span id="anchor-4773"></span><span
id="anchor-2279"></span>style:text-emphasize</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-emphasize</em> attribute specifies emphasis in a
text composed of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UNICODE">[UNICODE]</span> characters whose script type is
asian. <a href="#anchor-2274">20.358</a></p>
<p>The value of this attribute consists of two white space-separated
values.</p>
<p>The first value represents the style to use for emphasis. </p>
<p>The second value represents the position of the emphasis and it can
be above or below. If the first value is none, the second value can be
omitted.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-emphasize</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>accent: calligraphic accent strokes.</li>
<li>circle: hollow circles.</li>
<li>disc: filled circles.</li>
<li>dot: calligraphic dot.</li>
<li>none: no emphasis marks.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-emphasize</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-emphasize</em> attribute are none,
or two white space separated values. The first of these values is one
of: none, accent, dot, circle or disc. The second of these values is one
of: above or below.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-line-through-color"><span
id="anchor-4774"></span><span
id="anchor-2280"></span>style:text-line-through-color</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-color</em> attribute specifies the
color that is used for line-through text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-line-through-color</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>font-color: current text color is used for underlining.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>color</em> <a
href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-color</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-line-through-color</em> attribute
are font-color or a value of type <em>color</em> <a
href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-line-through-mode"><span id="anchor-4775"></span><span
id="anchor-2281"></span>style:text-line-through-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-mode</em> attribute specifies whether
lining through is applied to words only or to portions of text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-line-through-mode</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>continuous: lining is applied to words and separating spaces.</li>
<li>skip-white-space: lining is not applied to spaces between
words.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-mode</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-line-through-mode</em> attribute are
continuous or skip-white-space.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-line-through-style"><span
id="anchor-4776"></span><span
id="anchor-2282"></span>style:text-line-through-style</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-style</em> attribute specifies a
style for rendering a line-through text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-line-through-style</em>
attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li>none: text has no line through it. </li>
<li>dash: text has a dashed line through it. </li>
<li>dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed
by a dash through it.</li>
<li>dot-dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is two dots
followed by a dash through it. </li>
<li>dotted: text has a dotted line through it. </li>
<li>long-dash: text has a dashed line whose dashes are longer than the
ones from the dashed line for value dash through it. </li>
<li>solid: text has a solid line through it. </li>
<li>wave: text has a wavy line through it. </li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the
<em>style:text-line-through-style</em> attribute are based on the text
decoration style 'text-line-through-style' from <span class="citation"
data-cites="CSS3Text">[CSS3Text]</span>, §9.2.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-style</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-line-through-style</em> attribute
are none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or
wave.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-line-through-text"><span id="anchor-4777"></span><span
id="anchor-2283"></span>style:text-line-through-text</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-text</em> attribute specifies a text
that is used for line-through. The attribute will be evaluated only if
the value of <em>style:text-line-through-style</em> <a
href="#anchor-2282">20.373</a> attribute is different than none.</p>
<p>If the attribute value is not empty, the attribute value string is
used for line-through instead of the line style that has been specified
by the <em>style:text-line-through-style</em> attribute. Consumers that
do not support line-through with text should ignore the attribute, and
should use the line style specified by the
<em>style:text-line-through-style</em> attribute.</p>
<p>Consumers that support line-through with single characters only,
should use the first character of the value for line-through, if the
<em>style:text-line-through-text</em> attribute value has more than one
character. Consumers that support line-through with specific characters
only (like ”x” or ”/” (U+002F, SOLIDUS) should use one of these
characters if the attribute specifies characters that are not
supported.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-text</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-text</em> attribute has the data type
<em>string</em> <a href="#anchor-244">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-line-through-text-style"><span
id="anchor-4778"></span><span
id="anchor-2284"></span>style:text-line-through-text-style</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-text-style</em> specifies a text
style that is applied to text-line-through characters. It is not applied
to line-through lines. If the attribute appears in an automatic style,
it may reference either an automatic text style or a common style. If
the attribute appears in a common style, it may reference a common style
only.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-text-style</em> attribute is usable
with the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-text-style</em> attribute has the
data type <em>styleNameRef</em> <a
href="#datatype-styleNameRef">18.3.32</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-line-through-type"><span id="anchor-4779"></span><span
id="anchor-2285"></span>style:text-line-through-type</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-type</em> attribute specifies whether
text is lined through, and if so, whether a single or double line will
be used. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-line-through-type</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>double: a double line should be used for a line-through text.</li>
<li>none: deprecated.</li>
<li>single: a single line should be used for a line-through text.</li>
</ul>
<p>Every occurrence of the <em>style:text-line-through-type</em>
attribute should be accompanied by an occurrence of the
<em>style:text-line-through-style</em> <a href="#anchor-2282">20.373</a>
attribute on the same element. There should not be an occurrence of the
<em>style:text-line-through-type</em> attribute if the value of the
<em>style:text-line-through-style</em> attribute is none. </p>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-type</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-line-through-type</em> attribute are
none, single or double.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-line-through-width"><span
id="anchor-4780"></span><span
id="anchor-2286"></span>style:text-line-through-width</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-width</em> attribute specifies the
width of a line-through line. The value bold specifies a line width that
is calculated from the font sizes like an auto width, but is wider than
an auto width.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-line-through-width</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: the width of a line-through should be calculated from the font
size of the text where the line-through will appear. </li>
<li>bold: the width of a line-through should be calculated from the font
size of the text where the line-through will appear but is wider than
for the value of auto. </li>
<li>a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a></li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a></li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The line-through text styles referenced by the values dash, medium,
thick and thin, are implementation-defined. Thin shall be smaller width
than medium and medium shall be a smaller width than thick. </p>
<p>The <em>style:text-line-through-width</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-line-through-width</em> attribute
are auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>, a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>
or a value of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-outline"><span id="anchor-4781"></span><span
id="anchor-2287"></span>style:text-outline</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-outline</em> attribute specifies whether to
display an outline of text or the text itself. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-outline</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text itself should be displayed.</li>
<li>true<code>:</code> outline of text should be displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-outline</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-outline</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-overline-color"><span id="anchor-4782"></span><span
id="anchor-2288"></span>style:text-overline-color</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-overline-color</em> attribute specifies a color
that is used to overline text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-overline-color</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>font-color: the current text color is used for overlining.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>color</em></li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-overline-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-overline-color</em> attribute are
font-color or a value of type <em>color</em> <a
href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-overline-mode"><span id="anchor-4783"></span><span
id="anchor-2289"></span>style:text-overline-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-overline-mode</em> attribute specifies whether
overlining is applied to words only or to portions of text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-line-through-mode</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>continuous: overlining is applied to words and separating
spaces.</li>
<li>skip-white-space: overlining is not applied to spaces between
words.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-overline-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-overline-mode</em> attribute are
continuous or skip-white-space.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-overline-style"><span id="anchor-4784"></span><span
id="anchor-2290"></span>style:text-overline-style</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-overline-style</em> attribute specifies a style
for rendering a line over text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-overline-style</em>
attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li>none: text has no overlining. </li>
<li>dash: text has a dashed line overlining it. </li>
<li>dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed
by a dash overlining it. </li>
<li>dot-dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is two dots
followed by a dash overlining it. </li>
<li>dotted: text has a dotted line overlining it. </li>
<li>long-dash: text has a dashed line whose dashes are longer than the
ones from the dashed line for value dash overlining it. </li>
<li>solid: text has a solid line overlining it. </li>
<li>wave: text has a wavy line overlining it.</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the
<em>style:text-overline-style</em> attribute are based on the text
decoration style 'text-overline-style' from <span class="citation"
data-cites="CSS3Text">[CSS3Text]</span>, §9.2.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>style:text-overline-style</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-overline-style</em> attribute are
none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or
wave.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-overline-type"><span id="anchor-4785"></span><span
id="anchor-2291"></span>style:text-overline-type</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-overline-type</em> attribute specifies the type of
overlining applied to a text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-overline-type</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>double: a double line should be used for overlining text.</li>
<li>none: deprecated.</li>
<li>single: a single line should be used for overlining text.</li>
</ul>
<p>Every occurrence of the <em>style:text-overline-type</em> attribute
should be accompanied by an occurrence of the
<em>style:text-overline-style</em> <a href="#anchor-2290">20.381</a>
attribute on the same element. There should not be an occurrence of the
<em>style:text-overline-type</em> attribute if the value of the
<em>style:text-overline-style</em> attribute is none. </p>
<p>The <em>style:text-overline-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-overline-type</em> attribute are
none, single or double.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-overline-width"><span id="anchor-4786"></span><span
id="anchor-2292"></span>style:text-overline-width</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-overline-width</em> attribute specifies the width
of an overline. The value bold specifies a line width that is calculated
from the font sizes like an auto width, but is wider than an auto
width.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-overline-width</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: the width of an overline should be calculated from the font
size of the text where the overline will appear. </li>
<li>bold: the width of an overline should be calculated from the font
size of the text where the overline will appear but is wider than for
the value of auto.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a></li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a></li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a></li>
</ul>
<p>The overline text styles referenced by the values dash, medium, thick
and thin, are implementation-defined. Thin shall be smaller width than
medium and medium shall be a smaller width than thick. </p>
<p>The <em>style:text-overline-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-overline-width</em> attribute are
auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>, a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>
or a value of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-position"><span id="anchor-4787"></span><span
id="anchor-2293"></span>style:text-position</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-position</em> attribute specifies whether text is
positioned above or below the baseline and to specify the relative font
height that is used for this text.</p>
<p>This attribute can have one or two values.</p>
<p>The first value shall be present and specifies the vertical text
position as a percentage of the current font height or it takes one of
the values sub or super. Negative percentages or the sub value place the
text below the baseline. Positive percentages or the super value place
the text above the baseline. If sub or super is specified, the consumer
chooses an appropriate text position.</p>
<p>The second value may be present and specifies the font height as a
percentage of the current font-height. If this value is not specified,
an appropriate font height is used. </p>
<p>The <em>style:text-position</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-position</em> attribute has one or two white space
separated values. The first values is of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>, or is one of: super or sub. The
second value is of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-rotation-angle"><span id="anchor-4788"></span><span
id="anchor-2294"></span>style:text-rotation-angle</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-rotation-angle</em> attribute specifies an angle
to which text is rotated. The value of this attribute can be any
integer, which specifies the rotation angle in degrees, or an angle as
specified in <em>angle</em>. <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a></p>
<p>If more than one character is selected, the entire selection is
rotated as a block.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-rotation-angle</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-rotation-angle</em> attribute has the data type
<em>angle</em> <a href="#datatype-angle">18.3.1</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-rotation-scale"><span id="anchor-4789"></span><span
id="anchor-2295"></span>style:text-rotation-scale</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-rotation-scale</em> attribute specifies whether
for rotated text the width of the text should be scaled to fit into the
current line height or the width of the text should remain fixed,
therefore changing the current line height.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-rotation-scale</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>fixed: width of text should remain fixed.</li>
<li>line-height: width of text should be scaled to fit the current line
height.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-rotation-scale</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-rotation-scale</em> attribute are
fixed or line-height.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-scale"><span id="anchor-4790"></span><span
id="anchor-2296"></span>style:text-scale</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-scale</em> attribute specifies whether to decrease
or increase the width of text by scaling the font width.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-scale</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:text-scale</em> attribute has the data type
<em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-underline-color"><span id="anchor-4791"></span><span
id="anchor-2297"></span>style:text-underline-color</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-underline-color</em> attribute specifies a color
that is used to underline text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-underline-color</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>font-color: the current text color is used for underlining.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>color</em>: the color to be used for
underlining.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-underline-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-underline-color</em> attribute are
font-color or a value of type <em>color</em> <a
href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-underline-mode"><span id="anchor-4792"></span><span
id="anchor-2298"></span>style:text-underline-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-underline-mode</em> attribute specifies whether
underlining is applied to words only or to portions of text. If
underlining is applied to text portions, the spaces between words and
the words are underlined. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-underline-mode</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>continuous: underlining is applied to words and separating
spaces.</li>
<li>skip-white-space: underlining is not applied to spaces between
words.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:text-underline-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-underline-mode</em> attribute are
continuous or skip-white-space.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-underline-style"><span id="anchor-4793"></span><span
id="anchor-2299"></span>style:text-underline-style</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-underline-style</em> attribute specifies a style
for underlining text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-underline-style</em>
attribute are: </p>
<ul>
<li>none: text has no underlining. </li>
<li>dash: text has a dashed line underlining it. </li>
<li>dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is a dot followed
by a dash underlining it.</li>
<li>dot-dot-dash: text has a line whose repeating pattern is two dots
followed by a dash underlining it. </li>
<li>dotted: text has a dotted line underlining it. </li>
<li>long-dash: text has a dashed line whose dashes are longer than the
ones from the dashed line for value dash underlining it. </li>
<li>solid: text has a solid line underlining it. </li>
<li>wave: text has a wavy line underlining it. </li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: The definitions of the values of the
<em>style:text-underline-style</em> attribute are based on the text
decoration style 'text-underline-style' from <span class="citation"
data-cites="CSS3Text">[CSS3Text]</span>, §9.2.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <em>style:text-underline-style</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-underline-style</em> attribute are
none, solid, dotted, dash, long-dash, dot-dash, dot-dot-dash or
wave.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-underline-type"><span id="anchor-4794"></span><span
id="anchor-2300"></span>style:text-underline-type</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-underline-type</em> attribute specifies the type
of underlining applied to a text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-underline-type</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>double: a double line should be used for underlining applied to a
text.</li>
<li>none: deprecated.</li>
<li>single: a single line should be used for underlining applied to a
text.</li>
</ul>
<p>Every occurrence of the <em>style:text-underline-type</em> attribute
should be accompanied by an occurrence of the
<em>style:text-underline-style</em> <a href="#anchor-2299">20.390</a>
attribute on the same element. There should not be an occurrence of the
<em>style:text-underline-type</em> attribute if the value of the
<em>style:text-underline-style</em> attribute is none. </p>
<p>The <em>style:text-underline-type</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-underline-type</em> attribute are
none, single or double.</p>
<h2 id="styletext-underline-width"><span id="anchor-4795"></span><span
id="anchor-2301"></span>style:text-underline-width</h2>
<p>The <em>style:text-underline-width</em> attribute specifies the width
of an underline. The value bold specifies a line width that is
calculated from the font sizes like an auto width, but is wider than an
auto width.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:text-underline-width</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: the width of an underline should be calculated from the font
size of the text where the underline will appear. </li>
<li>bold: the width of an underline should be calculated from the font
size of the text where the underline will appear but is wider than for
the value of auto.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>percent</em> <a
href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</li>
<li>a value of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The underline text styles referenced by the values dash, medium,
thick and thin, are implementation-defined. Thin shall be smaller width
than medium and medium shall be a smaller width than thick. </p>
<p>The <em>style:text-underline-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:text-underline-width</em> attribute are
auto, normal, bold, thin, medium, thick, a value of type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>, a
value of type <em>percent</em> <a href="#datatype-percent">18.3.23</a>
or a value of type <em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleuse-optimal-column-width"><span
id="anchor-4796"></span><span
id="anchor-2561"></span>style:use-optimal-column-width</h2>
<p>The <em>style:use-optimal-column-width</em> attribute specifies that
a column width should be recalculated automatically if content in the
column changes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:use-optimal-column-width</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: column width should not be recalculated automatically if
content in the column changes.</li>
<li>true<code>:</code> column width should be recalculated automatically
if content in the column changes.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:use-optimal-column-width</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:table-column-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2028">17.16</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:use-optimal-column-width</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleuse-optimal-row-height"><span id="anchor-4797"></span><span
id="anchor-2565"></span>style:use-optimal-row-height</h2>
<p>The <em>style:use-optimal-row-height</em> attribute specifies that a
row height should be recalculated automatically if content in the row
changes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:use-optimal-row-height</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: row height should not be recalculated automatically if
content in the row changes.</li>
<li>true<code>:</code> row height should be recalculated automatically
if content in the row changes.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:use-optimal-row-height</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:table-row-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2030">17.17</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:use-optimal-row-height</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="styleuse-window-font-color"><span id="anchor-4798"></span><span
id="anchor-2302"></span>style:use-window-font-color</h2>
<p>The <em>style:use-window-font-color</em> attribute specifies whether
the window foreground color should be used as the foreground color for a
light background color and white for a dark background color. The
determination of light or dark color is implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:use-window-font-color</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: the foreground color is specified by the <em>fo:color</em>
attribute. </li>
<li>true<code>:</code> windows foreground color should be used as the
foreground color for a light background color and white for a dark
background color.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:use-window-font-color</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:use-window-font-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylevertical-align-1"><span id="anchor-4799"></span><span
id="anchor-2508"></span>style:vertical-align</h2>
<h3 id="styleparagraph-properties-2"><span id="anchor-4800"></span><span
id="property-style:vertical-align_element-style:paragraph-properties"></span>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute specifies the vertical
position of a character. By default characters are aligned according to
their baseline. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>auto: automatically, which sets the vertical alignment to suit the
text rotation. Text that is rotated 0 or 90 degrees is aligned to the
baseline, while text that is rotated 270 degrees is aligned to the
center of the line.</li>
<li>baseline: to the baseline of the character.</li>
<li>bottom: to the bottom of the line.</li>
<li>middle: to the center of the line.</li>
<li>top: to the top of the line.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute are top,
middle, bottom, auto or baseline.</p>
<h3 id="styletable-cell-properties-2"><span
id="anchor-4801"></span><span
id="property-style:vertical-align_element-style:table-cell-properties"></span>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute specifies the vertical
alignment of text in a table cell. The options for the vertical
alignment attribute are as follows:</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>automatic: consumer determines how to align the text.</li>
<li>bottom: aligns text vertically with the bottom of the cell.</li>
<li>middle: aligns text vertically with the middle of the cell.</li>
<li>top: aligns text vertically with the top of the cell.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:vertical-align</em> attribute are top,
middle, bottom or automatic.</p>
<h2 id="stylevertical-pos"><span id="anchor-4802"></span><span
id="anchor-2585"></span>style:vertical-pos</h2>
<p>The <em>style:vertical-pos</em> attribute specifies the vertical
alignment of a frame relative to a specific area.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:vertical-pos</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>below: the top corner of the frame is positioned below the reference
area. </li>
<li>bottom: the bottom of the frame is aligned with the reference
area.</li>
<li>from-top: the <em>svg:y</em> attribute associated with the frame
element specifies the vertical position of the frame. Otherwise, the
<em>svg:y</em> attribute is ignored for text documents.</li>
<li>middle: the middle of the frame is aligned with the reference
area.</li>
<li>top: the top of the frame is aligned with the reference area.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:vertical-pos</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a> and
<em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:vertical-pos</em> attribute are top,
middle, bottom, from-top or below.</p>
<h2 id="stylevertical-rel"><span id="anchor-4803"></span><span
id="anchor-2586"></span>style:vertical-rel</h2>
<p>The <em>style:vertical-rel</em> attribute specifies the area against
which the vertical position of a frame is positioned.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:vertical-rel</em> attribute
are:</p>
<p>baseline: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a
baseline.</p>
<p>char: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a
character.</p>
<p>frame: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a frame.</p>
<p>frame-content: vertical position of frame positioned relative to
frame content.</p>
<p>line: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a line.</p>
<p>page: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a page.</p>
<p>page-content: vertical position of frame positioned relative to page
content.</p>
<p>paragraph: vertical position of frame positioned relative to a
paragraph.</p>
<p>paragraph-content: vertical position of frame positioned relative to
paragraph content.</p>
<p>text: vertical position of frame positioned relative to text.</p>
<p>Table displays the defined values of <em>style:vertical-rel</em> and
<em>text:anchor-type</em> attributes. Value combinations that can appear
in a document are marked with an X.</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 23 - Vertical Relation Values</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Value of <em>style:vertical-rel</em></th>
<th colspan="5"></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>baseline</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>char</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frame</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frame-content</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>line</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>page</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>page-content</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>paragraph</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>paragraph-content</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>X</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>text</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>X</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <em>style:vertical-rel</em> attribute is usable with the
following elements: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a> and
<em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:vertical-rel</em> attribute are page,
page-content, frame, frame-content, paragraph, paragraph-content, char,
line, baseline or text.</p>
<h2 id="stylewidth-1"><span id="anchor-4804"></span><span
id="anchor-2553"></span>style:width</h2>
<p>The <em>style:width</em> attribute specifies the fixed width of a
table. Every table shall have a fixed width. </p>
<p>The <em>style:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveLength">18.3.26</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylewrap"><span id="anchor-4805"></span><span
id="anchor-2706"></span>style:wrap</h2>
<p>The <em>style:wrap</em> attribute specifies how text is displayed
around a frame or graphic object. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:wrap</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>biggest: text may wrap around the shape where the difference to the
left or right page or column border is largest.</li>
<li>dynamic: text may wrap around both sides of the shape. The space for
wrapping is set by the <em>style:wrap-dynamic-threshold</em> <a
href="#anchor-2709">20.403</a> attribute.</li>
<li>left: text wraps around the left side of the shape.</li>
<li>none: text does not wrap around the shape.</li>
<li>parallel: text wraps around both sides of the shape.</li>
<li>right: text wraps around the right side of the shape.</li>
<li>run-through: text runs through the shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:wrap</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:wrap</em> attribute are none, left,
right, parallel, dynamic, run-through or biggest.</p>
<h2 id="stylewrap-contour"><span id="anchor-4806"></span><span
id="anchor-2707"></span>style:wrap-contour</h2>
<p>The <em>style:wrap-contour</em> attribute specifies whether text
wraps around an object or the bounding box of the object.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:wrap-contour</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text wraps around the bounding box.</li>
<li>true: text wraps around the object.</li>
</ul>
<p>This is called contour wrapping.</p>
<p>The <em>style:wrap-contour</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:wrap-contour</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylewrap-contour-mode"><span id="anchor-4807"></span><span
id="anchor-2708"></span>style:wrap-contour-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>style:wrap-contour-mode</em> attribute specifies the nature
of the wrapping of text around the contour of a shape.</p>
<p>This attribute shall be evaluated only by frames/drawing shapes or
styles with non-empty <em>style:wrap</em> <a
href="#anchor-2706">20.400</a> and <em>style:wrap-contour</em> <a
href="#anchor-2707">20.401</a> attributes.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:wrap-contour-mode</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>full: text wraps around the shape and fills any spaces and
indentations in the shape.</li>
<li>outside: text wraps around the general area to the left and right of
the shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:wrap-contour-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:wrap-contour-mode</em> attribute are full
or outside.</p>
<h2 id="stylewrap-dynamic-threshold"><span id="anchor-4808"></span><span
id="anchor-2709"></span>style:wrap-dynamic-threshold</h2>
<p>The <em>style:wrap-dynamic-threshold</em> attribute specifies the
minimum distance between the page or column border and the object for
which wrapping will be enabled. It is evaluated only if a
<em>style:wrap</em> <a href="#anchor-2706">20.400</a> attribute, with
the value dynamic, appears on the same
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a> element.</p>
<p>The <em>style:wrap-dynamic-threshold</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:wrap-dynamic-threshold</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="stylewriting-mode"><span id="anchor-4809"></span><span
id="anchor-2462"></span>style:writing-mode</h2>
<h3 id="general-115"><span id="anchor-4810"></span>General</h3>
<p>The <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute specifies a writing mode
for an element. </p>
<h3 id="stylegraphic-properties-5"><span id="anchor-4811"></span><span
id="property-style:writing-mode_element-style:graphic-properties"></span>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>
with the additional value of page.</p>
<p>The defined value of <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is page:
writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element where
this attribute appears. </p>
<p>The <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute are lr-tb,
rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h3 id="stylepage-layout-properties-1"><span
id="anchor-4812"></span><span
id="property-style:writing-mode_element-style:page-layout-properties"></span>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>.</p>
<p>The defined value for the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is
page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element
where this attribute appears. </p>
<p>The <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:page-layout-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2042">17.2</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute are lr-tb,
rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h3 id="styleparagraph-properties-3"><span id="anchor-4813"></span><span
id="property-style:writing-mode_element-style:paragraph-properties"></span>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>
with the additional value of page.</p>
<p>The defined value for the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is
page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element
where this attribute appears.</p>
<p>The <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute are lr-tb,
rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h3 id="stylesection-properties-2"><span id="anchor-4814"></span><span
id="property-style:writing-mode_element-style:section-properties"></span>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>
with the additional value of page.</p>
<p>The defined value for the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is
page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element
where this attribute appears.</p>
<p>The <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute are lr-tb,
rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h3 id="styletable-cell-properties-3"><span
id="anchor-4815"></span><span
id="property-style:writing-mode_element-style:table-cell-properties"></span>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>
with the additional value of page.</p>
<p>The defined value for the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is
page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element
where this attribute appears.</p>
<p>The <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-cell-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2027">17.18</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute are lr-tb,
rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h3 id="styletable-properties-2"><span id="anchor-4816"></span><span
id="property-style:writing-mode_element-style:table-properties"></span>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>See §7.27.7 of <span class="citation" data-cites="XSL">[XSL]</span>
with the additional value of page.</p>
<p>The defined value for the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is
page: writing mode is inherited from the page that contains the element
where this attribute appears.</p>
<p>The <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute are lr-tb,
rl-tb, tb-rl, tb-lr, lr, rl, tb or page.</p>
<h2 id="stylewriting-mode-automatic"><span id="anchor-4817"></span><span
id="anchor-2509"></span>style:writing-mode-automatic</h2>
<p>The <em>style:writing-mode-automatic</em> attribute specifies whether
a consumer may recalculate the writing mode of a paragraph based on its
content whenever the content is edited. </p>
<p>The writing-mode should be specified in a <em>style:writing-mode</em>
attribute.</p>
<p>If the <em>fo:text-align</em> with value start, text alignment can be
adapted to the writing mode.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>style:writing-mode-automatic</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: consumers should not recalculate writing mode of a paragraph
whenever its content is edited.</li>
<li>true: consumers should recalculate writing mode of a paragraph
whenever its content is edited.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>style:writing-mode-automatic</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>style:writing-mode-automatic</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgfill-rule"><span id="anchor-4818"></span><span
id="anchor-2710"></span>svg:fill-rule</h2>
<p>See §11.3 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="SVG">[SVG]</span>.</p>
<p>OpenDocument does not support the value inherit.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:fill-rule</em> attribute is usable with the following
elements: <em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> and
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:fill-rule</em> attribute are nonzero or
evenodd.</p>
<h2 id="svgheight-1"><span id="anchor-4819"></span><span
id="anchor-2479"></span>svg:height</h2>
<h3 id="stylegraphic-properties-6"><span id="anchor-4820"></span><span
id="property-svg:height_element-style:graphic-properties"></span>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute specifies a default height for new
frames that are created using the graphics style. See <a
href="#anchor-1243">19.543</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h3 id="styleheader-footer-properties-2"><span
id="anchor-4821"></span><span
id="property-svg:height_element-style:header-footer-properties"></span>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute specifies the height of a header or
footer.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:header-footer-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2044">17.5</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:height</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em>
<a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgstroke-color"><span id="anchor-4822"></span><span
id="anchor-2711"></span>svg:stroke-color</h2>
<p>The <em>svg:stroke-color</em> attribute specifies the color of a
stroke.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stroke-color</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stroke-color</em> attribute has the data type
<em>color</em> <a href="#datatype-color">18.3.9</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgstroke-opacity"><span id="anchor-4823"></span><span
id="anchor-2713"></span>svg:stroke-opacity</h2>
<p>The <em>svg:stroke-opacity</em> attribute specifies the opacity of a
stroke. The value of this attribute can be a number between 0
(transparent) and 1 (opaque) or a percentage value in the range 0% to
100%.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stroke-opacity</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>svg:stroke-opacity</em> attribute are a value
of type <em>double</em> <a href="#anchor-294">18.2</a> in the range
[0,1] or a value of type <em>zeroToHundredPercent</em> <a
href="#datatype-zeroToHundredPercent">18.3.41</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgstroke-width"><span id="anchor-4824"></span><span
id="anchor-2714"></span>svg:stroke-width</h2>
<p>The <em>svg:stroke-width</em> attribute specifies the width of a
stroke.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stroke-width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:stroke-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgx-1"><span id="anchor-4825"></span><span
id="anchor-2716"></span>svg:x</h2>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute specifies a default horizontal position
for new frames that are created using the graphics style. See <a
href="#anchor-1247">19.577</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:x</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgy-1"><span id="anchor-4826"></span><span
id="anchor-2587"></span>svg:y</h2>
<h3 id="stylegraphic-properties-7"><span id="anchor-4827"></span><span
id="property-svg:y_element-style:graphic-properties"></span><span
id="DDE_LINK24"></span>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute specifies a default vertical position
for new frames that are created using the graphics style. See <a
href="#anchor-1248">19.581</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h3 id="stylelist-level-properties-2"><span
id="anchor-4828"></span><span
id="property-svg:y_element-style:list-level-properties"></span>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</h3>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute specifies the vertical position of a
bullet image.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute is usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:y</em> attribute has the data type <em>coordinate</em> <a
href="#datatype-coordinate">18.3.10</a>.</p>
<h2 id="svgwidth-1"><span id="anchor-4829"></span><span
id="anchor-2715"></span>svg:width</h2>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute specifies a default width for new
frames that are created using the graphics style. See <a
href="#anchor-1246">19.575</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>svg:width</em> attribute has the data type <em>length</em> <a
href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="tablealign"><span id="anchor-4830"></span><span
id="anchor-2554"></span>table:align</h2>
<p>The <em>table:align</em> attribute specifies the horizontal alignment
of a table.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:align</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>center: table aligns to the center between left and right
margins.</li>
<li>left: table aligns to the left margin.</li>
<li>margins: table fills all the space between the left and right
margins.</li>
<li>right: table aligns to the right margin.</li>
</ul>
<p>Consumers that do not support the margins value, may treat this value
as left.</p>
<p>The <em>table:align</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:align</em> attribute are left, center,
right or margins.</p>
<h2 id="tableborder-model"><span id="anchor-4831"></span><span
id="anchor-2555"></span>table:border-model</h2>
<p>The <em>table:border-model</em> attribute specifies what border model
to use when creating a table with a border. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:border-model</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>collapsing: when two adjacent cells have different borders, the
wider border appears as the border between the cells. Each cell receives
half of the width of the border.</li>
<li>separating: borders appear within the cell that specifies the
border.</li>
</ul>
<p>In , a row height or column width includes any space required to
display borders or padding. This means that, while the width and height
of the content area is less than the column width and row height, the
sum of the widths of all columns is equal to the total width of the
table.</p>
<p>The <em>table:border-model</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>table:border-model</em> attribute are
collapsing or separating.</p>
<h2 id="tabledisplay-1"><span id="anchor-4832"></span><span
id="anchor-2556"></span>table:display</h2>
<p>The <em>table:display</em> attribute specifies whether a table is
displayed. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>table:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: table should not be displayed.</li>
<li>true: table should be displayed.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>table:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>table:display</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textanchor-page-number-1"><span id="anchor-4833"></span><span
id="anchor-2717"></span>text:anchor-page-number</h2>
<p>The <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute specifies the physical
page number of an anchor if the drawing object is bound to a page within
a text document.</p>
<p>The <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute has the data type
<em>positiveInteger</em> <a
href="#datatype-positiveInteger">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textanchor-type-1"><span id="anchor-4834"></span><span
id="anchor-2718"></span>text:anchor-type</h2>
<p>The <em>text:anchor-type</em> attribute specifies how a drawing shape
is bound to a text document. The anchor position is the point at which a
drawing shape is bound to a text document. </p>
<p>The same attribute is available as an element attribute
<em>text:anchor-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a>.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:anchor-type</em> attribute are
shown in Table .</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 24 - Text anchor positions</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>If the value of the <em>text:anchor-type</em> attribute is ...</th>
<th>The anchor position is...</th>
<th>The drawing shape element shall be located in the file text ...</th>
<th>Notes</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>as-char</td>
<td>There is no anchor position. The drawing shape behaves like a
character.</td>
<td>At the position where the character appears in the document.</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>char</td>
<td>The character after the drawing shape element.</td>
<td>Just before the character.</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frame</td>
<td>The parent text box that the current drawing shape element is
contained in.</td>
<td><p>In the element representing the text box to which the drawing
object is bound.</p>
<p>If an image is bound to a text box, the image element is located in
the text box element.</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>page</td>
<td>The page that has the same physical page number as the value of the
<em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute that is attached to the
drawing shape element. If no <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute
is given, the anchor position is the page at which the character behind
the drawing object element appears.</td>
<td><p>Either</p>
<ul>
<li>At the start of the document body, outside any paragraph or frame,
provided a <em>text:anchor-page-number</em> attribute is given.</li>
</ul>
<p>Or</p>
<ul>
<li>Inside any paragraph element that is not contained in a header,
footer, footnote, or text box, if a <em>text:anchor-page-number</em>
attribute is not given.</li>
</ul></td>
<td>The physical page number is the number assigned to the page if all
pages in the document are counted starting with page 1.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>paragraph</td>
<td>The paragraph that the current drawing shape element is contained
in.</td>
<td>At the start of the paragraph element.</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <em>text:anchor-type</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:anchor-type</em> attribute are page,
frame, paragraph, char or as-char.</p>
<h2 id="textanimation"><span id="anchor-4835"></span><span
id="anchor-2719"></span>text:animation</h2>
<p>The <em>text:animation</em> attribute specifies the type of animation
that is used for a text.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:animation</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>alternate: scrolls the text from one side to another and back.</li>
<li>none: disables the text animation.</li>
<li>scroll: scrolls the text from one side to another.</li>
<li>slide: scrolls the text from one side to the original text position
and stops there.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:animation</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:animation</em> attribute are none, scroll,
alternate or slide.</p>
<h2 id="textanimation-delay"><span id="anchor-4836"></span><span
id="anchor-2720"></span>text:animation-delay</h2>
<p>The <em>text:animation-delay</em> attribute specifies a delay before
an animation is started.</p>
<p>The <em>text:animation-delay</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:animation-delay</em> attribute has the data type
<em>duration</em> <a href="#anchor-274">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textanimation-direction"><span id="anchor-4837"></span><span
id="anchor-2721"></span>text:animation-direction</h2>
<p>The <em>text:animation-direction</em> attribute specifies the scroll
direction of animated text. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:animation-direction</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>down: animated text scrolls down.</li>
<li>left: animated text scrolls left.</li>
<li>right: animated text scrolls right.</li>
<li>up: animated text scrolls up.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:animation-direction</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:animation-direction</em> attribute are
left, right, up or down.</p>
<h2 id="textanimation-repeat"><span id="anchor-4838"></span><span
id="anchor-2722"></span>text:animation-repeat</h2>
<p>The <em>text:animation-repeat</em> attribute specifies the number of
times an animation is repeated. If the value of the attribute is 0, the
animation is repeated indefinitely.</p>
<p>The <em>text:animation-repeat</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:animation-repeat</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textanimation-start-inside"><span id="anchor-4839"></span><span
id="anchor-2723"></span>text:animation-start-inside</h2>
<p>The <em>text:animation-start-inside</em> attribute specifies if a
text animation starts inside or outside a shape. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:animation-start-inside</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text starts its animation just outside the shape's bounding
rectangle.</li>
<li>true: text starts its animation inside the shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:animation-start-inside</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:animation-start-inside</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textanimation-steps"><span id="anchor-4840"></span><span
id="anchor-2724"></span>text:animation-steps</h2>
<p>The <em>text:animation-steps</em> attribute specifies the distance by
which text is moved within a scrolling step.</p>
<p>The <em>text:animation-steps</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:animation-steps</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textanimation-stop-inside"><span id="anchor-4841"></span><span
id="anchor-2725"></span>text:animation-stop-inside</h2>
<p>The <em>text:animation-stop-inside</em> attribute specifies if a text
animation stops inside or outside a shape. </p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:animation-stop-inside</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text stops its animation outside the shape's bounding
rectangle.</li>
<li>true: text stops its animation when it is inside the shape.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:animation-stop-inside</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:graphic-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2022">17.21</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:animation-stop-inside</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textcondition-1"><span id="anchor-4842"></span><span
id="anchor-2303"></span>text:condition</h2>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute specifies the display of
text.</p>
<p>The defined value of the <em>text:condition</em> attribute is none,
which means text is hidden.</p>
<p>The <em>text:condition</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<p>The only value of the <em>text:condition</em> attribute is none.</p>
<h2 id="textdisplay-1"><span id="anchor-4843"></span><span
id="anchor-2304"></span>text:display</h2>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute specifies whether text is hidden.
</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:display</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>condition: text is hidden under the condition specified in the
<em>text:condition</em> <a href="#anchor-2303">20.426</a>
attribute.</li>
<li>none: text is hidden unconditionally.</li>
<li>true: text is displayed. This is the default setting.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:display</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textdont-balance-text-columns"><span
id="anchor-4844"></span><span
id="anchor-2535"></span>text:dont-balance-text-columns</h2>
<p>The <em>text:dont-balance-text-columns</em> attribute specifies
whether the text column content should be evenly distributed over all
text columns or not.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:dont-balance-text-columns</em>
attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: text column content should not be evenly distributed over all
text columns in a set of columns.</li>
<li>true: text column content should be evenly distributed over all text
columns in a set of columns.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:dont-balance-text-columns</em> attribute is usable with
the following element: <em>&lt;style:section-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2026">17.11</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:dont-balance-text-columns</em> attribute has the data
type <em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textline-break-1"><span id="anchor-4845"></span><span
id="anchor-2799"></span>text:line-break</h2>
<p>The <em>text:line-break</em> attribute specifies whether word
wrapping is allowed for axis labels.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated for a chart style that is applied to a
<em>&lt;chart:axis&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1554">11.9</a> element.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:line-break</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: word wrapping should not be allowed for axis labels.</li>
<li>true: word wrapping should be allowed for axis labels.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:line-break</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:chart-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2021">17.22</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:line-break</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textline-number"><span id="anchor-4846"></span><span
id="anchor-2510"></span>text:line-number</h2>
<p>The <em>text:line-number</em> attribute specifies a new start value
for line numbering, if a <em>text:number-lines</em> <a
href="#anchor-2511">20.434</a> attribute, with the value true, appears
on the same <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> element. Otherwise, this attribute shall be
ignored.</p>
<p>The <em>text:line-number</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:line-number</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeInteger</em> <a href="#anchor-272">18.2</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textlist-level-position-and-space-mode"><span
id="anchor-4847"></span><span
id="anchor-2588"></span>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</h2>
<p>The <em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> attribute
specifies how the position and spacing of the list labels (numbers or
bullets) is defined. </p>
<p>The defined values for the
<em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> attribute are:</p>
<ul>
<li>label-alignment: The
<em>&lt;style:list-level-label-alignment&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2592">17.20</a> element and the <em>fo:text-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-2489">20.223</a> attribute are used to define the position
and spacing of the list label and the list item. The values of the
attributes for <em>text:space-before <a
href="#anchor-2591">20.435</a></em>, <em>text:min-label-width</em> <a
href="#anchor-2590">20.433</a> and <em>text:min-label-distance</em> <a
href="#anchor-2589">20.432</a> are assumed to be 0.</li>
<li>label-width-and-position: The <em>text:space-before</em>,
<em>text:min-label-width</em>, <em>text:min-label-distance</em> and
<em>fo:text-align</em> attributes are used to define the position and
spacing of the list label and the list item.</li>
</ul>
<p>The default value of the
<em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> attribute is
label-width-and-position. </p>
<p>The <em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> attribute is
usable with the following element:
<em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The values of the <em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em>
attribute are label-width-and-position or label-alignment.</p>
<h2 id="textmin-label-distance"><span id="anchor-4848"></span><span
id="anchor-2589"></span>text:min-label-distance</h2>
<p>The <em>text:min-label-distance</em> attribute specifies the minimum
distance between a number and a list item.</p>
<p>The content of a list label is rendered inside a specified minimum
width - <em>text:min-label-width</em>. <a href="#anchor-2590">20.433</a>
The text of a list item is rendered following the label width area. If
the distance between a list label and the text of a list item is smaller
than the value of the <em>text:min-label-distance</em> attribute, the
following actions are performed. First, the content of the list label is
moved inside the specified minimum label width up to the value of the
<em>text:min-label-distance</em> attribute. If that does not result in a
value equal to the <em>text:min-label-distance</em> attribute, the text
of the list item is moved until the distance between the list label and
text of list item equals the value of the
<em>text:min-label-distance</em> attribute.</p>
<p>This attribute can be associated with a formatting properties element
that is contained in a &lt;text:list-level-style-*&gt; element.</p>
<p>The attribute will be evaluated only if the
<em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> attribute has the value
label-width-and-position or is not present. </p>
<p>The <em>text:min-label-distance</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:min-label-distance</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textmin-label-width"><span id="anchor-4849"></span><span
id="anchor-2590"></span>text:min-label-width</h2>
<p>The <em>text:min-label-width</em> attribute specifies the minimum
width of a list label.</p>
<p>This attribute can be associated with a formatting properties element
that is contained in a &lt;text:list-level-style-*&gt; element.</p>
<p>The list label can be aligned horizontally within the specified
minimum width using the <em>fo:text-align</em> <a
href="#anchor-2489">20.223</a> attribute. If the actual width of the
list label is greater than the specified minimum width no alignment
takes place.</p>
<p>The attribute will be evaluated only if the
<em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2588">20.431</a> attribute has the value
label-width-and-position or is not present. </p>
<p>The <em>text:min-label-width</em> attribute is usable with the
following element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:min-label-width</em> attribute has the data type
<em>nonNegativeLength</em> <a
href="#datatype-nonNegativeLength">18.3.20</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textnumber-lines-1"><span id="anchor-4850"></span><span
id="anchor-2511"></span>text:number-lines</h2>
<p>The <em>text:number-lines</em> attribute specifies whether lines are
numbered.</p>
<p>The defined values for the <em>text:number-lines</em> attribute
are:</p>
<ul>
<li>false: lines should not be numbered.</li>
<li>true: lines should be numbered.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <em>text:number-lines</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:number-lines</em> attribute has the data type
<em>boolean</em> <a href="#anchor-296">18.3.3</a>.</p>
<h2 id="textspace-before"><span id="anchor-4851"></span><span
id="anchor-2591"></span>text:space-before</h2>
<p>The <em>text:space-before</em> attribute specifies the space to
include before a number for all paragraphs at a specified level. If a
paragraph has a left margin greater than 0, the position of the list
label box is the left margin width plus the start indent value.</p>
<p>This attribute can be associated with a formatting properties element
that is contained in a &lt;text:list-level-style-*&gt; element.</p>
<p>This attribute is evaluated only if the
<em>text:list-level-position-and-space-mode</em> <a
href="#anchor-2588">20.431</a> attribute has the value
label-width-and-position or is not present. </p>
<p>The <em>text:space-before</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:space-before</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<ol type="A">
<li><span id="anchor-4852"></span><span
id="Appendix_A"></span>OpenDocument Relax NG Schema</li>
</ol>
<p>The OpenDocument Relax-NG (see <span class="citation"
data-cites="RNG">[RNG]</span>) schema is defined by a separate document,
whose location can be found in the <a href="#anchor">Additional
artifacts</a> section on the introductory pages.</p>
<ol start="2" type="A">
<li><span id="anchor-4853"></span><span
id="Appendix_B"></span>OpenDocument Metadata Manifest Ontology</li>
</ol>
<p>The OpenDocument metadata manifest ontology is defined by a separate
document, whose location can be found in the <a
href="#anchor">Additional artifacts</a> section on the introductory
pages.</p>
<ol start="3" type="A">
<li><span id="anchor-4854"></span><span id="Appendix_C"></span>MIME
Types and File Name Extensions (Non Normative)</li>
</ol>
<p>The following table contains a list of MIME types and file name
extensions for OpenDocument documents, that, at the time this
specification is published, have been registered according to <span
class="citation" data-cites="RFC6838">[RFC6838]</span>. Please see <span
class="citation" data-cites="MIMETYPES">[MIMETYPES]</span> for a current
list of registered MIME types.</p>
<p>Registered MIME types are for use with documents contained in
OpenDocument packages. </p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 25 - Registered MIME types</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>MIME type</th>
<th>Ext.</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>application/</code><code></code><code>text</code></td>
<td><code>odt</code></td>
<td>Text document</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/ </code><code> </code><code></code><code>text-template</code></td>
<td><code>ott</code></td>
<td>Text document used as template</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/</code><code></code><code>graphics</code></td>
<td><code>odg</code></td>
<td>Graphics document (Drawing)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/ </code><code> </code><code></code><code>graphics-template</code></td>
<td><code>otg</code></td>
<td>Drawing document used as template</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/</code><code></code><code>presentation</code></td>
<td><code>odp</code></td>
<td>Presentation document</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/ </code><code> </code><code></code><code>presentation-template</code></td>
<td><code>otp</code></td>
<td>Presentation document used as template</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/</code><code></code><code>spreadsheet</code></td>
<td><code>ods</code></td>
<td>Spreadsheet document</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/ </code><code> </code><code></code><code>spreadsheet-template</code></td>
<td><code>ots</code></td>
<td>Spreadsheet document used as template</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/</code><code></code><code>chart</code></td>
<td><code>odc</code></td>
<td>Chart document</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/ </code><code> </code><code></code><code>chart-template</code></td>
<td><code>otc</code></td>
<td>Chart document used as template</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><code>application/</code><code></code><code>image</code></p>
<p><code>(deprecated)</code></p></td>
<td><code>odi</code></td>
<td>Image document</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><code>application/ </code><code> </code><code></code><code>image-template</code></p>
<p><code>(deprecated)</code></p></td>
<td><code>oti</code></td>
<td>Image document used as template</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/</code><code></code><code>formula</code></td>
<td><code>odf</code></td>
<td>Formula document</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/ </code><code> </code><code></code><code>formula-template</code></td>
<td><code>otf</code></td>
<td>Formula document used as template</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/</code><code></code><code>text-master</code></td>
<td><code>odm</code></td>
<td>Global Text document. See section <a
href="#anchor-87">19.812</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>application/text-master-template</td>
<td>otm</td>
<td>Global text document used as template</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>application/</code><code></code><code>text-web</code></td>
<td><code>oth</code></td>
<td>Text document used as template for HTML documents</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table contains a list of MIME types and file name
extensions for office documents that conform to this specification where
a registration according to <span class="citation"
data-cites="RFC6838">[RFC6838]</span> is in progress at the time this
specification is published.</p>
<p>Please check <span class="citation"
data-cites="MIMETYPES">[MIMETYPES]</span> before using these MIME types.
If a MIME type is not listed there, the MIME type that is the result of
inserting "<code>x-</code>" behind the "/" (U+002F, SOLIDUS) character
(<code>application/x-</code><code></code><code>text</code>) should be
used.</p>
<div class="caption">
<p>Table 26 - Recommended MIME types</p>
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>MIME type</th>
<th>Ext.</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>application/</code><code></code><code>base</code></td>
<td><code>odb</code></td>
<td>Database front end document</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<ol start="4" type="A">
<li><p><span id="anchor-4855"></span><span id="anchor-4856"></span><span
id="Appendix_D"></span>Accessibility Guidelines (Non Normative)</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4857"></span><span id="Appendix_D_1"></span>Title,
Description and Caption of Graphical Elements</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p> provides conventions to support accessible names, descriptions and
captions for graphical elements.</p>
<p>Accessible names, if available, are represented by the
<em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-918">10.3.17</a> element. If
the <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> element is not available, any text
referenced by a <em>draw:caption-id</em> <a
href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a> attribute is used as the title. </p>
<p>When transforming from another document format to OpenDocument the
short names, like HTML's alt text on the &lt;img&gt; elements shall be
mapped to the <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> element.</p>
<p>User agents shall not manufacture names for the
<em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> element, such as using the drawing object
name followed by a cardinal number in a string as it is used for
accessibility. Such name assignments provide no semantic meaning to the
user.</p>
<p>Accessible descriptions, if available, are represented by the
<em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-921">10.3.18</a> element.
</p>
<p>If a user agent supports relationships between graphic elements and
their captions, the value of the <em>draw:caption-id</em> attribute for
a graphical element should be used to for that relationship. <a
href="#anchor-1236">19.115</a></p>
<ol start="5" type="A">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4858"></span><span
id="Appendix_D_1_1"></span>Guidance for authors</li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Authors should not assign names to objects having no semantic value.
If no name is assigned the caption text will be used in its place. The
<em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> element shall take precedence over the
caption text for accessible name assignment by the user agent.</p>
<p>Assignment of the long description should only be necessary when a
drawing object is significantly complex and the user needs more
information to describe it. Long descriptions would be more applicable
to drawing groupings than basic drawing shapes.</p>
<ol start="6" type="A">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4859"></span><span
id="attribute-Authoring tool responsibility for presenting and prompting for the &lt;svg:title&gt; and &lt;svg:desc&gt; elements"></span><span
id="Appendix_D_1_2"></span>Authoring tool responsibility for presenting
and prompting for the <em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> and
<em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em> elements</li>
</ol></li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Authoring tools should provide an option from an objects context menu
to allow the user to enter the text for either of these elements as a
minimum. More proactive authoring tools should have a facility for
prompting the author for this text. Since the <em>&lt;svg:desc&gt;</em>
element is a long description, a text area vs. a text field should be
used to prompt the user accordingly in GUI-based authoring tools like
office applications.</p>
<p>Navigation tools used to list the objects in the view should provide
the type of object followed by the contents of
<em>&lt;svg:title&gt;</em> element. </p>
<p>For <em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a> elements
the drawing objects which are members of the group should visible only
when the group is expanded.</p>
<ol start="7" type="A">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4860"></span><span
id="Appendix_D_2"></span>Hyperlink Titles</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>When transforming from another document format to the alt text of
hyperlinks, shall be mapped to the <em>office:title</em> attribute of
<em>&lt;text:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-329">6.1.8</a> elements or
<em>&lt;draw:a&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-90">10.4.12</a> elements. When
exporting OpenDocument documents to HTML, the contents of title text
should be mapped to title attribute text on HTML anchor tags. As a
minimum, authoring tools should provide a mechanism to provide the hint
text.</p>
<p>The title text should be made accessible to the assistive technology
and user. The user agent should allow for programmatic access through
standard accessibility APIs such as the accessible description. Users
should experience visible access to the hint text via the keyboard or
mouse.</p>
<ol start="8" type="A">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4861"></span><span id="Appendix_D_3"></span>Tables
in Presentations</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Users importing non- slides that contain tables need access to the
table structure via their assistive technology. Therefore tables
imported into an application from another file format must have their
structure preserved, and when saved as should be saved as as embedded
spreadsheets.</p>
<ol start="9" type="A">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4862"></span><span id="Appendix_D_4"></span>Further
Guidelines</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Additional, non-normative Accessibility Guidelines are available at:
<a
href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/office-accessibility/v1.0/ODF_Accessibility_Guidelines-v1.0.html">https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/office-accessibility/v1.0/ODF_Accessibility_Guidelines-v1.0.html</a>.
That more comprehensive document will be the up-to-date set of
recommendations for what all applications should do in order to fully
support accessibility.</p>
<ol start="10" type="A">
<li><span id="anchor-4863"></span><span
id="Appendix_E"></span>Bidirectional (BiDi) Scripts, Numeric Digits
Presentation and Calendars (Non Normative)</li>
</ol>
<p>This appendix specifies how bidirectional (BiDi) scripts and related
information are represented in .</p>
<ol start="11" type="A">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4864"></span><span
id="Appendix_E_1"></span>Paragraph and Layout Direction</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>In , the direction of text runs inside a paragraph is calculated
using the Unicode BiDi Algorithm. See <span class="citation"
data-cites="UAX9">[UAX9]</span>. The paragraph direction, as required by
the BiDi Algorithm (see BD5 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UAX9">[UAX9]</span>), and the display direction of layout
objects like table or page columns (in the following called layout
direction) is controlled by a writing mode attribute
(<em>style:writing-mode</em>) that can be used within styles.</p>
<p>The writing mode attribute can be applied individually to paragraph
styles, page styles, section styles, table styles, table cell styles,
graphic styles and chart styles. If present within a paragraph style, it
controls the paragraph direction of those paragraphs, to which the style
is applied. If present within a page style, section style, table style,
table cell style, graphic style or chart style, it controls the layout
direction of those pages, text sections, tables, table cells, text-boxes
and chart objects to which the styles is applied.</p>
<p>Section <a href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a> specifies the
<em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute for page styles. It may, among
other values, take the values lr-tb (left-to-right, top-to-bottom) and
rl-tb (right-to-left, top-to-bottom). The writing-mode attribute of a
page style specifies the layout direction of page columns (left-to-right
or right-to-left) for pages that are formatted using the page style.</p>
<p>Section <a href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a> specifies the
<em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute for paragraph styles. It specifies
the paragraph direction as defined in BD5 of <span class="citation"
data-cites="UAX9">[UAX9]</span> for all paragraphs that have the
paragraph style assigned. For paragraphs that are contained in lists, it
further specifies whether the list numbers and bullets are displayed on
the left or on the right of the paragraph.</p>
<p>The writing mode attribute for paragraph styles takes the same values
as the writing mode attribute for page styles, but may also take the
value page. This value specifies that the paragraph direction is
inherited from the layout direction of the closest layout object
(section, table or text-box) in which the paragraph is contained, and
which has a layout direction other than page. If the paragraph is not
contained in any of these layout objects, the paragraph direction is
inherited from the page on which the paragraph appears.</p>
<p>The paragraph direction specifies the default bidirectional
orientation of the text in that paragraph. The result of the BiDi
Algorithm can be manually changed by inserting BiDi embedding control
characters (U+202A ... U+202E) and implicit directional marks (U+200E
...U+200F) into the text. See <span class="citation"
data-cites="UTR20">[UTR20]</span>.</p>
<p> further has a <em>style:writing-mode-automatic</em> attribute
(described in section <a href="#anchor-2509">20.405</a>) that specifies
that a consumer is allowed to recalculate the value of the paragraph's
writing-mode attribute based on its content whenever the content
changes.</p>
<p>Section <span id="anchor-4865"></span><a
href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a> specifies the <em>style:writing-mode</em>
attribute for section styles. It may take the same values as the writing
mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
<p>The writing-mode attribute of a section style specifies the layout
direction of section columns (left-to-right or right-to-left) for text
sections that have the section style assigned. If the attribute value is
page the layout direction is inherited from the layout direction of the
closest layout object (section, table, table-cell or text-box) in which
the section is contained, and which has a layout direction other than
page.</p>
<p>Section <a href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a> specifies the
<em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute for table styles. It may take the
same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
<p>The writing-mode attribute of a table style specifies the layout
direction of table cells (left-to-right or right-to-left) for tables
that have the table style assigned. If the attribute value is page the
layout direction is inherited from the layout direction of the closest
layout object (section, table, table-cell or text-box) in which the
table is contained, and which has a layout direction other than
page.</p>
<p>Section <a href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a> specifies the
<em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute for table cell styles. It may take
the same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
<p>The writing-mode attribute of a table cell style specifies the layout
direction of table cells (left-to-right or right-to-left) that have the
table style assigned. If the attribute value is page the layout
direction is inherited from the layout direction of the closest layout
object (table, section or text-box) in which the table is contained, and
which has a layout direction other than page.</p>
<p>Section <a href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a> specifies the
<em>style:writing-mode</em> attribute for graphic styles. It may take
the same values as the writing mode attribute for paragraph styles.</p>
<p>The writing-mode attribute of a graphic style specifies the layout
direction of columns (left-to-right or right-to-left) for text-boxes
that have the graphic style assigned. If the attribute value is page the
layout direction for text-boxes that are anchored to a page is inherited
from the layout direction of the page on which the text-box is
displayed. For text-boxes that have a different anchor type, the layout
direction is inherited from the paragraph direction of the paragraph
that contains the text-box.</p>
<p>The writing mode for chart styles is described by the same attribute
as for paragraph styles. See <a href="#anchor-2462">20.404</a>.</p>
<ol start="12" type="A">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4866"></span><span id="Appendix_E_2"></span>Numeric
Digits Presentation and Calendars</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>All digits that have a Unicode code point can be included in an
document.</p>
<p> office application have a feature that allows the user to specify
whether the ASCII digits U+0030 ... U+0039 should be displayed as
Latin-Indic digits or as Arabic-Indic digits (U+0660 ... U+0669). Since
this feature effects only what digits are displayed and does not
influence the representation of digits in the document itself, only
allows storing this setting as an implementation-dependent setting, not
as document or style content.</p>
<p>For list numbers, that are calculated automatically, provides a
generic mechanism to specify the applicable numbering systems. See <a
href="#anchor-570">19.504</a>.</p>
<blockquote>
<p> The specification currently mentions only "1, 2, 3...", "I, II,
III...", and "i, ii, iii" explicitly, but the schema also allows a
generic string value.</p>
</blockquote>
<p> further supports data styles, which describe how different types of
data are displayed, for example, a number or a date. Data styles are
described in section <a href="#Data Style">16.29</a>. The presentation
of numeric digits can be controlled by the transliteration attributes
described in sections <a href="#anchor-2145">19.365</a>-<a
href="#anchor-2148">19.368</a>. The presentation of date information can
be controlled by the <em>number:calendar</em> attribute specified in
section <a href="#anchor-2181">19.348</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:space-before</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:space-before</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<ol start="13" type="A">
<li><span id="anchor-4867"></span><span
id="Appendix_F"></span>Recommended Usage of SMIL</li>
</ol>
<p>The following sections describe the usage of SMIL animation elements
that enables an office application to present the animation elements in
a simple and easy to use UI to the user. This UI may contain a single
main sequence of effects, and in addition to this, multiple sequences of
effects that are started as interactions on drawing shapes. An
<em>effect</em> is a combination of one or more animation elements that
animate a single shape and or a shape's paragraphs.</p>
<p>In user interfaces, effects should be creatable by using presets that
have localized and meaningful names. This way, the user will not work on
a hierarchy of SMIL animation elements, but on one dimensional lists of
effects, which are much easier to handle for the office application
users.</p>
<ol start="14" type="A">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4868"></span><span id="Appendix_F_1"></span>Slide
Animation</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>Each <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-141">10.2.4</a>
element may have an <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> element that defines the animation of
that page during a running slideshow. This <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em>
element should contain one <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a> element which is the main sequence for
shape effects and zero or more <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> elements that
define interactive sequences for shapes that contain animation
interactions. The animation elements are executed after the slide has
executed its initial transition.</p>
<p>The <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> element may further contain an
<em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> element that defines the slide transition. Its
<em>smil:begin</em> <a href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a> attribute shall
have the value <em>&lt;id&gt;</em>.begin, where <em>&lt;id&gt;</em> is
the id of the slide's <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element itself. This
<em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> element can contain basic animation elements
as defined in chapter <a href="#SMIL Animations">15</a>. These elements
shall specify the <em>&lt;draw:page&gt;</em> element itself as target.
If such an <em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> element for slide transitions is
present, it overrides the following presentation page formatting
properties:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>&lt;presentation:sound&gt;</em>. See <a
href="#element-presentation:sound">10.8.2</a>.</li>
<li><em>presentation:transition-speed</em>. See <a
href="#anchor-2812">20.238</a>.</li>
<li><em>presentation:transition-style</em>. See <a
href="#anchor-2813">20.239</a>.</li>
<li><em>presentation:transition-type</em>. See <a
href="#anchor-2814">20.240</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>For backward compatibility reasons, producers that use an
<em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> element to define the slide transition should
also add the above presentation page formatting properties. This also
enables consumers without SMIL support to display the slide
transitions.</p>
<p> The following example defines a slide wipe transition.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>&lt;draw:page draw:id="id1"&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par presentation:node-type="timing-root"&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par smil:begin="id1.begin"&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:transitionFilter smil:dur="2s" smil:targetElement="id1"</p>
<p> smil:type="slideWipe" smil:subtype="fromBottom"</p>
<p> smil:direction="reverse"/&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p>&lt;/draw:page&gt;</p>
</blockquote>
<ol type="A">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4869"></span>Main Sequence</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>The main sequence is a <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a> element which contains the effects that
should start after the slide has executed its initial transition. Since
this is a sequential container, its child nodes are executed one after
each other. If a child node's <em>smil:begin</em> <a
href="#anchor-1946">19.441</a> attribute has the value indefinite
execution is stalled until the user advances the slideshow by a mouse or
key interaction.</p>
<p>The first level of child nodes in the main sequence should be
<em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> elements
that group animation elements that are started with the same user
interaction. The second level of child nodes should be
<em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> elements that group animations elements that
start at the same time. The third level of child nodes should be
<em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> elements that group the animation elements for
a single effect.</p>
<p> The following example shows a main sequence with the effects A, B, C
and D. Effect A is started on user interaction, effect B is started
simultaneously with A. Effect C is started 4 seconds after the effects A
and B. Effect D is started on the next user interaction:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>&lt;amin:par&gt; &lt;!-- timing root--&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:seq&gt; &lt;!-- main sequence--&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par smil:begin="indefinite"&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;!-- first user interaction --&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par smil:begin="0s" smil:dur="4s"&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;!-- first group of effects to execute --&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect a --&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;!-- nodes for effect a--&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect b --&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;!-- nodes for effect b--&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par smil:begin="4s"&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;!-- second group of effects to execute --&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect c --&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;!-- nodes for effect c--&gt; </p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par&gt; </p>
<p> &lt;!-- second user interaction--&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par smil:begin="indefinite"&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;!-- first group of effects to execute --&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;anim:par&gt; &lt;!-- effect d --&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;!--- nodes for effect d--&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
<p> &lt;/anim:seq&gt;</p>
<p>&lt;/anim:par&gt;</p>
</blockquote>
<ol start="2" type="A">
<li><ol type="1">
<li><span id="anchor-4870"></span><span
id="Appendix_F_3"></span>Interactive Sequence</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<p>An interactive sequence is a <em>&lt;anim:seq&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a> element that should have the same
structure as a main sequence. The only difference is that the
<em>&lt;anim:par&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1225">15.4.2</a> element in
the first level has a <em>smil:begin</em> <a
href="#anchor-1226">15.4.3</a> attribute with a value like
<em>[shape-id]</em>.click, where <em>[shape-id]</em> identifies a
drawing shapes by its <em>draw:id</em> <a href="#anchor-1215">19.187</a>
attribute. These animation elements are triggered when the user
interacts with the element defined by <em>[shape-id]</em>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:space-before</em> attribute is usable with the following
element: <em>&lt;style:list-level-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2347">17.19</a>.</p>
<p>The <em>text:space-before</em> attribute has the data type
<em>length</em> <a href="#datatype-length">18.3.18</a>.</p>
<ol start="3" type="A">
<li><span id="anchor-4871"></span><span id="Appendix_G"></span>Changes
From ODF 1.2 (Non Normative)</li>
</ol>
<p>The OpenDocument specification has been divided into four parts and
has been restructured.</p>
<p>This appendix describes changes that are related to Part 3 of this
specification.</p>
<p>The following descriptions are new:</p>
<p>Change Tracking General <a
href="#TextChangeTrackingGeneral">5.5.1</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3873">Office-3873</a></p>
<p>The following descriptions have changed:</p>
<p>Document Fields – General <a
href="#document-fields-general">7.3.1</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3783">Office-3783</a></p>
<p>Drawing Page Style <a href="#Drawing Page Style">16.41</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">Office-3937</a></p>
<p>Foreign elements and attributes <a href="#anchor-4872">3.17</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3950">Office-3950</a>
, <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4034">Office-4034</a></p>
<p>List Item Style Rules <a href="#anchor-465">5.3.5</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3782">Office-3782</a></p>
<p>Normative References <a href="#Normative-references">1.3</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3868">Office-3868</a></p>
<p>Open Document Drawing Document <a
href="#opendocument-drawing-document">2.2.5</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3744">Office-3744</a></p>
<p>Open Document Drawing Document <a
href="#opendocument-drawing-document">2.2.5</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3746">Office-3746</a></p>
<p>OpenDocument Text Document <a
href="#OpenDocument Text Document">2.2.3</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2580">Office-2580</a></p>
<p>Styles General <a href="#Styles General">3.15.1</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3697">Office-3697</a></p>
<p>White Space Characters <a href="#White-space Characters">6.1.2</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2102">Office-2102</a></p>
<p>White Space Processing and EOL Handling <a
href="#White Space Processing and EOL Handling">3.18</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2102">Office-2102</a></p>
<p>The following elements are new:</p>
<p><em>&lt;chart:coordinate-region&gt;</em> <a
href="#element-chart:coordinate-region">11.3</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3928">Office-3928</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;meta:creator-initials&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1910">14.4</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3776">Office-3776</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2150">16.29.5</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3765">Office-3765</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;style:footer-first&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-303">16.13</a>
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3789">Office-3789</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;style:header-first&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-306">16.11</a>
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3789">Office-3789</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;text:drop-down&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-354">7.4.16</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;text:label&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-629">7.4.17</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<p>The following elements have changed:</p>
<p><em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-436">11.4</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">Office-</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">3883</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;config:config-item-set&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-158">3.10.2</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3684">Office-3684</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;draw:applet&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-1337">10.4.7</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2044">Office-2044</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;draw:fill-image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-183">16.42.6</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3933">Office-3933</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;draw:image&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-155">10.4.4</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3922">Office-3922</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932">Office-3932</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;number:date-style&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-191">16.29.11</a>
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1832">Office-1832</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;number:fill-character&gt;</em> <a
href="#Data Style General">16.29.1</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3765">Office-3765</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2151">16.29.7</a>
<a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3695">Office</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3695">-3695</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2152">16.29.3</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-3860</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2153">16.29.6</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-3</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">86</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">0</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;office:automatic-styles&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-49">3.15.3</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3683">Office-3683</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;style:default-page-layout&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-196">16.8</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3696"><em>Office-3696</em></a></p>
<p><em>&lt;style:drawing-page-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1496">17.25</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937"><em>Office-3937</em></a></p>
<p><em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3679"><em>Office-3679</em></a></p>
<p><em>&lt;style:style&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-199">16.2</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3935"><em>Office-3935</em></a></p>
<p><em>&lt;style:tab-stops&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2513">17.7</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3845"><em>Office-3845</em></a></p>
<p><em>&lt;style:text-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2031">16.29.29</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3895"><em>Office-3895</em></a></p>
<p><em>&lt;table:covered-table-cells&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-308">9.1.5</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3877">Office-</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3877">3877</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;table:source-cell-range&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1054">9.6.5</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3665">Office-3665</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;table:table-columns&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-888">9.1.12</a>
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3839">Office-3839</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;table:table-rows&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-505">9.1.8</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3838">Office-3838</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<p><em>&lt;text:sheet-name&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-408">7.3.11</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3698">Office-3698</a></p>
<p>The following attributes are new:</p>
<p><em>chart:data-label-series</em> <a href="#anchor-2734">20.9</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2117">Office-2117</a>,
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3956">Office-3956</a></p>
<p><em>chart:regression-force-intercept</em> <a
href="#anchor-2769">20.44</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<p><em>chart:regression-intercept-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-2770">20.45</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<p><em>chart:regression-max-degree</em> <a href="#anchor-2771">20.46</a>
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<p><em>chart:regression-moving-type</em> <a
href="#anchor-2772">20.47</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3959">Office-3959</a></p>
<p><em>chart:regression-name</em> <a href="#anchor-2773">20.48</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a></p>
<p><em>chart:regression-period</em> <a href="#anchor-2774">20.49</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3959">Office-3959</a></p>
<p><em>number:exponent-interval</em> <a href="#anchor-2167">19.347</a>
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1828">Office-1828</a></p>
<p><em>number:forced-exponent-sign</em> <a
href="#anchor-2168">19.349</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-3860</a></p>
<p><em>number:max-denominator-value</em> <a
href="#anchor-2172">19.352</a> of <em>&lt;number:fraction&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2151">16.29.7</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3695">Office-3695</a></p>
<p><em>number:min-decimal-places</em> <a href="#anchor-2160">19.356</a>
of <em>&lt;number:number&gt;</em> <a
href="#attribute-number:decimal-places_element-number:number">19.343.2</a>
, <em>&lt;number:scientific-number&gt;</em> <a
href="#attribute-number:min-decimal-places_element-number:scientific-number">19.356.3</a>,
<a href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">Office-</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3860">3860</a></p>
<p><em>style:contextual-spacing</em> <a href="#anchor-2495">20.255</a>
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3767">Office-3767</a></p>
<p><em>style:scale-to-X</em> <a href="#anchor-2457">20.354</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">3857</a></p>
<p><em>style:scale-to-Y</em> <a href="#anchor-2458">20.355</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-38</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">57</a></p>
<p><em>table:tab-color</em> <a
href="#attribute-table:tab-color">19.731</a> of
<em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a>
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2173">Office-2173</a></p>
<p><em>text:current-selected</em> <a href="#anchor-631">19.790</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881">Office-3881</a></p>
<p>The following attributes changed</p>
<p><em>chart:interpolation</em> <a href="#anchor-2752">20.27</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3692">Office-3</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3692">692</a></p>
<p><em>chart:regression-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2775">20.50</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3958">Office-3958</a>,
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3959">Office-3959</a></p>
<p><em>dr3d:transform</em> <a href="#anchor-1399">19.107</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3848">Office-3848</a></p>
<p><em>draw:color-inversion</em> <a href="#anchor-2628">20.110</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3827">Office-3827</a></p>
<p><em>draw:concave</em> <a href="#anchor-1266">19.123</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">Office-</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">3849</a></p>
<p><em>draw:corners</em> <a href="#anchor-1267">19.128</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">Office-3849</a></p>
<p><em>draw:enhanced-path</em> <a href="#anchor-1434">19.145</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3711">Office-3711</a></p>
<p><em>draw:formula</em> <a href="#anchor-1232">19.171</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3822">Office-3822</a></p>
<p><em>draw:formula</em> <a href="#anchor-1232">19.171</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3823">Office-3823</a></p>
<p><em>draw:formula</em> <a href="#anchor-1232">19.171</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3826">Office-3826</a></p>
<p><em>draw:formula</em> <a href="#anchor-1232">19.171</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3778">Office-</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3778">3778</a></p>
<p><em>draw:gradient-step-count</em> <a href="#anchor-2654">20.137</a>
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3934">Office-3934</a></p>
<p><em>draw:handle-position</em> <a href="#anchor-1477">19.179</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3778">Office-3778</a></p>
<p><em>draw:mime-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1352">19.191</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3943">Office-3943</a></p>
<p><em>draw:sharpness</em> <a href="#anchor-1268">19.211</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3849">Office-3849</a></p>
<p><em>draw:style</em> <a
href="#attribute-draw:style_element-draw:stroke-dash">19.218.5</a> of
<em>&lt;draw:stroke-dash&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-188">16.42.9</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3742">Office-37</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3742">42</a></p>
<p><em>draw:style</em> <a href="#anchor-3029">19.218.2</a> of
<em>&lt;draw:gradient&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-184">16.42.1</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3718">Office-3718</a></p>
<p><em>draw:style</em> <a
href="#attribute-draw:style-name_element-style:master-page">19.219.27</a>
of <em>&lt;style:master-page&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-181">16.9</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">Office-</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3937">3937</a></p>
<p><em>draw:transform</em> <a href="#anchor-1240">19.228</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3755">Office-3755</a></p>
<p><em>draw:z-index</em> <a href="#anchor-1205">19.231</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2122">Office-2122</a></p>
<p><em>fo:background-color</em> <a href="#anchor-2221">20.182</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3927">Office-3927</a></p>
<p><em>fo:keep-with-next</em> <a href="#anchor-2486">20.201</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3924">Office-3924</a></p>
<p><em>fo:min-height</em> <a href="#anchor-1348">19.240</a> of
<em>&lt;draw:text-box&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-301">10.4.3</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3735">Office</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3735">-3735</a></p>
<p><em>fo:text-align</em> <a
href="#property-fo:text-align_element-style:paragraph-properties">20.223.1</a>
of <em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt; <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> </em><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3820"><em>Office-3820</em></a></p>
<p><em>number:grouping</em> <a href="#anchor-2159">19.350</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3888">Office-3888</a></p>
<p><em>number:style</em> <a
href="#attribute-number:style_element-number:seconds">19.362.9</a> of
<em>&lt;number:seconds&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2190">16.29.22</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3752">Office-3752</a></p>
<p><em>office:value-type</em> <a href="#anchor-604">19.389</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3555">Office-3555</a></p>
<p><em>presentation:display-date-time</em> <a
href="#anchor-2807">20.233</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3931">Office</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3931">-3931</a></p>
<p><em>presentation:display-page-number</em> <a
href="#anchor-2810">20.236</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3931">Office-3931</a></p>
<p><em>presentation:source</em> <a href="#anchor-1527">19.420</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4013">Office-4013</a></p>
<p><em>smil:accelerate <a href="#anchor-1941">19.436</a> </em><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3726"><em>Office-3726</em></a></p>
<p><em>smil:accumulate</em> <a href="#anchor-1942">19.437</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3725">Office-3725</a></p>
<p><em>smil:additive</em> <a href="#anchor-1943">19.438</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3725">Office-3725</a></p>
<p><em>smil:attributeName</em> <a href="#anchor-1944">19.439</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2523">Office-2523</a></p>
<p><em>style:class</em> <a href="#anchor-2010">19.470</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3863">Office-3863</a></p>
<p><em>style:condition</em> <a href="#anchor-2036">19.472</a> of
<em>&lt;style-map&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2023">16.3</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">Office-3</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">8</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">82</a></p>
<p><em>style:page-number</em> <a href="#anchor-2502">20.328</a> of
<em>&lt;style:paragraph-properties&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-2024">17.6</a> and <em>&lt;style:table-properties&gt;</em>
<a href="#anchor-2029">17.15</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3923">Office-3923</a></p>
<p><em>style:run-through</em> <a href="#anchor-2705">20.351</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2122">Office-2122</a></p>
<p><em>style:scale-to</em> <a href="#anchor-2456">20.352</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-3857</a></p>
<p><em>style:scale-to-pages</em> <a href="#anchor-2459">20.353</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3857">Office-3857</a></p>
<p><em>style:text-line-through-text</em> <a
href="#anchor-2283">20.374</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3722">Office-3722</a></p>
<p><em>style:text-line-through-text</em> <a
href="#anchor-2283">20.374</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3723">Office-3723</a></p>
<p><em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#attribute-svg:height_element-chart:legend">19.543.2</a> of
<em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-436">11.4</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883">Office-388</a>3</p>
<p><em>svg:height</em> <a
href="#attribute-svg:height_element-dr3d:scene">19.543.5</a> of
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932"><em>Office-3932</em></a></p>
<p><em>svg:stroke-linecap</em> <a href="#anchor-2712">20.171</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3742"><em>Office-3742</em></a></p>
<p><em>svg:viewBox</em> <a href="#anchor-1263">19.574</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3996"><em>Office-3996</em></a></p>
<p><em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#attribute-svg:width_element-chart:legend">19.575.4</a> of
<em>&lt;chart:legend&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-436">11.4</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3883"><em>Office-3883</em></a></p>
<p><em>svg:width</em> <a
href="#attribute-svg:width_element-dr3d:scene">19.575.7</a> of
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932"><em>Office-3932</em></a></p>
<p><em>svg:x</em> <a
href="#attribute-svg:x_element-dr3d:scene">19.577.5</a> of
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932"><em>Office-3932</em></a></p>
<p><em>svg:y</em> <a
href="#attribute-svg:y_element-dr3d:scene">19.581.5</a> of
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932"><em>Offic</em></a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3932"><em>e-3932</em></a></p>
<p><em>table:name</em> <a
href="#attribute-table:name_element-table:operation">19.677.11</a> of
<em>&lt;table:operation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-950">9.3.3</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3728"><em>Office-3728</em></a></p>
<p><em>table:condition</em> <a href="#anchor-982">19.600</a> of
<em>&lt;table:content-validation&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-978">9.4.5</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">Office-3</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">8</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">82</a></p>
<p><em>table:display</em> <a href="#anchor-913">19.621</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3754">Office-3754</a></p>
<p><em>table:display</em> <a href="#anchor-913">19.621</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4019">Office-4019</a></p>
<p><em>table:end-cell-address</em> <a href="#anchor-1249">19.631</a> of
<em>&lt;dr3d:scene&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-89">10.5.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:caption&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-91">10.3.11</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:circle&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-92">10.3.8</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:connector&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-93">10.3.10</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:control&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-94">10.3.13</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:custom-shape&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-95">10.6.1</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:ellipse&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-96">10.3.9</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:frame&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-97">10.4.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:g&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-98">10.3.15</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:line&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-99">10.3.3</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:measure&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-100">10.3.12</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:page-thumbnail&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-101">10.3.14</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:path&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-102">10.3.7</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-103">10.3.5</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:polyline&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-104">10.3.4</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:rect&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-105">10.3.2</a>,
<em>&lt;draw:regular-polygon&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-106">10.3.6</a>
and <em>&lt;office:annotation&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-251">14.1</a>.
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2697">Office-2697</a></p>
<p><em>table:expression</em> <a href="#anchor-1002">19.639</a> of
<em>&lt;table:named-expression&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-997">9.4.13</a>
<a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3882">Office-3882</a></p>
<p><em>table:number-rows-spanned</em> <a href="#anchor-904">19.682</a>
of <em>&lt;table:table-cell&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-309">9.1.4</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3876">Office-3876</a></p>
<p><em>table:orientation</em> <a
href="#attribute-table:orientation_element-table:data-pilot-field">19.690.2</a>
of <em>&lt;table:data-pilot-field&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-1079">9.6.7</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3729">Office-3729</a></p>
<p><em>table:style-name</em> <a
href="#attribute-table:style-name_element-table:background">19.730.2</a>
of <em>&lt;table:background&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-2073">16.22</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3925">Office-3925</a></p>
<p><em>table:table-background</em> <a href="#anchor-1252">19.733</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3954">Office-3954</a></p>
<p><em>text:anchor-type</em> <a href="#anchor-1254">19.759</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3945">Office-3945</a></p>
<p><em>text:anchor-type</em> <a href="#anchor-2718">20.418</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3945">Office-3945</a></p>
<p><em>text:display</em> <a
href="#attribute-text:display_element-text:expression">19.802.3</a> of
<em>&lt;text:expression&gt;</em> <a href="#anchor-358">7.4.14</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3929">Office-3929</a></p>
<p><em>text:list-id</em> <a href="#anchor-463">19.835</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<p><em>text:relative-tab-stop-position</em> <a
href="#anchor-768">19.861</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3946">Office</a><a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3946">-3946</a></p>
<p><em>text:start-value</em> <a
href="#attribute-text:start-value_element-text:numbered-paragraph">19.874.6</a>
of <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<p><span id="anchor-4873"></span><em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#attribute-text:style-name_element-text:index-source-style">19.880.18</a>
of <em>&lt;text:index-source-style&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-849">8.11</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3675">Office-3675</a></p>
<p><em>text:style-name</em> <a
href="#attribute-text:style-name_element-text:numbered-paragraph">19.880.25</a>
of <em>&lt;text:numbered-paragraph&gt;</em> <a
href="#anchor-127">5.3.6</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-1437">Office-1437</a></p>
<p><em>text:name</em> <a href="#anchor-470">19.841</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881"><em>Office-3881</em></a></p>
<p><em>text:value</em> <a href="#anchor-632">19.906</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3881"><em>Office-3881</em></a></p>
<p><em>text:track-changes</em> <a href="#anchor-483">19.889</a> <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-3763">Office-3763</a></p>
<p>Removed elements, attributes and values</p>
<p>The deprecated attribute '<em>office:process-content</em>' (19.377 in
ODF 1.2.) has been removed. <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-4034">Office-4034</a></p>
<p>Deprecated MIME Types </p>
<p>odi <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2002">Office-2002</a></p>
<p>oti <a
href="https://issues.oasis-open.org/browse/OFFICE-2002">Office-2002</a></p>
<p>Declared Namespace Change</p>
<p>datastyle</p>
</body></html>
Bounded ODT package reader parses content.xml, meta.xml, optional META-INF/manifest.xml package metadata, text/list styles, headings, paragraphs, ordered and bullet lists, tables, links, styled spans, line breaks, images, and image/resource package references into the shared AST. Full ODT parity remains open.

opml

2 samples
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<opml version="2.0">
  <head>
    <title>States</title>
    <dateModified>Thu, 14 Jul 2005 23:41:05 GMT</dateModified>
    <ownerName>Dave Winer</ownerName>
  </head>
  <body>
    <outline text="United States">
      <outline text="Far West">
        <outline text="Alaska"/>
        <outline text="California"/>
        <outline text="Hawaii"/>
          <outline text="&lt;strong&gt;Nevada&lt;/strong&gt;" _note="I lived here *once*.&#10;&#10;Loved it.">
          <outline text="Reno" created="Tue, 12 Jul 2005 23:56:35 GMT" type="link" url="http://www.reno.gov"/>
          <outline text="Las Vegas" created="Tue, 12 Jul 2005 23:56:37 GMT"/>
          <outline text="Ely" created="Tue, 12 Jul 2005 23:56:39 GMT"/>
          <outline text="Gerlach" created="Tue, 12 Jul 2005 23:56:47 GMT"/>
          </outline>
        <outline text="Oregon"/>
        <outline text="Washington"/>
        </outline>
      <outline text="Great Plains">
        <outline text="Kansas"/>
        <outline text="Nebraska"/>
        <outline text="North Dakota"/>
        <outline text="Oklahoma"/>
        <outline text="South Dakota"/>
        </outline>
      <outline text="Mid-Atlantic">
        <outline text="Delaware"/>
        <outline text="Maryland"/>
        <outline text="New Jersey"/>
        <outline text="New York"/>
        <outline text="Pennsylvania"/>
        </outline>
      <outline text="Midwest">
        <outline text="Illinois"/>
        <outline text="Indiana"/>
        <outline text="Iowa"/>
        <outline text="Kentucky"/>
        <outline text="Michigan"/>
        <outline text="Minnesota"/>
        <outline text="Missouri"/>
        <outline text="Ohio"/>
        <outline text="West Virginia"/>
        <outline text="Wisconsin"/>
        </outline>
      <outline text="Mountains">
        <outline text="Colorado"/>
        <outline text="Idaho"/>
        <outline text="Montana"/>
        <outline text="Utah"/>
        <outline text="Wyoming"/>
        </outline>
      <outline text="New England">
        <outline text="Connecticut"/>
        <outline text="Maine"/>
        <outline text="Massachusetts"/>
        <outline text="New Hampshire"/>
        <outline text="Rhode Island"/>
        <outline text="Vermont"/>
        </outline>
      <outline text="South">
        <outline text="Alabama"/>
        <outline text="Arkansas"/>
        <outline text="Florida"/>
        <outline text="Georgia"/>
        <outline text="Louisiana"/>
        <outline text="Mississippi"/>
        <outline text="North Carolina"/>
        <outline text="South Carolina"/>
        <outline text="Tennessee"/>
        <outline text="Virginia"/>
      </outline>
      <outline text="Southwest">
        <outline text="Arizona"/>
        <outline text="New Mexico"/>
        <outline text="Texas"/>
      </outline>
...

Download original file

OPML outline fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>United States</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Far West</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Alaska</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>California</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Hawaii</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3><strong>Nevada</strong></h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I lived here <em>once</em>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Loved it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4><a href="http://www.reno.gov">Reno</a></h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>Las Vegas</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>Ely</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":4} -->
<h4>Gerlach</h4>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Oregon</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Washington</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Great Plains</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Kansas</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Nebraska</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>North Dakota</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Oklahoma</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>South Dakota</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Mid-Atlantic</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Delaware</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Maryland</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>New Jersey</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>New York</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Pennsylvania</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Midwest</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Illinois</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Indiana</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Iowa</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Kentucky</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Michigan</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Minnesota</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Missouri</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Ohio</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>West Virginia</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Wisconsin</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Mountains</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Colorado</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Idaho</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Montana</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Utah</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Wyoming</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>New England</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Connecticut</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Maine</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Massachusetts</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>New Hampshire</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Rhode Island</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Vermont</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>South</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Alabama</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Arkansas</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Florida</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Georgia</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Louisiana</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Mississippi</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>North Carolina</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>South Carolina</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Tennessee</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Virginia</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Southwest</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Arizona</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>New Mexico</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":3} -->
<h3>Texas</h3>
<!-- /wp:heading -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>United States</h1>
<h2>Far West</h2>
<h3>Alaska</h3>
<h3>California</h3>
<h3>Hawaii</h3>
<h3><strong>Nevada</strong></h3>
<p>I lived here <em>once</em>.</p>
<p>Loved it.</p>
<h4><a href="http://www.reno.gov">Reno</a></h4>
<h4>Las Vegas</h4>
<h4>Ely</h4>
<h4>Gerlach</h4>
<h3>Oregon</h3>
<h3>Washington</h3>
<h2>Great Plains</h2>
<h3>Kansas</h3>
<h3>Nebraska</h3>
<h3>North Dakota</h3>
<h3>Oklahoma</h3>
<h3>South Dakota</h3>
<h2>Mid-Atlantic</h2>
<h3>Delaware</h3>
<h3>Maryland</h3>
<h3>New Jersey</h3>
<h3>New York</h3>
<h3>Pennsylvania</h3>
<h2>Midwest</h2>
<h3>Illinois</h3>
<h3>Indiana</h3>
<h3>Iowa</h3>
<h3>Kentucky</h3>
<h3>Michigan</h3>
<h3>Minnesota</h3>
<h3>Missouri</h3>
<h3>Ohio</h3>
<h3>West Virginia</h3>
<h3>Wisconsin</h3>
<h2>Mountains</h2>
<h3>Colorado</h3>
<h3>Idaho</h3>
<h3>Montana</h3>
<h3>Utah</h3>
<h3>Wyoming</h3>
<h2>New England</h2>
<h3>Connecticut</h3>
<h3>Maine</h3>
<h3>Massachusetts</h3>
<h3>New Hampshire</h3>
<h3>Rhode Island</h3>
<h3>Vermont</h3>
<h2>South</h2>
<h3>Alabama</h3>
<h3>Arkansas</h3>
<h3>Florida</h3>
<h3>Georgia</h3>
<h3>Louisiana</h3>
<h3>Mississippi</h3>
<h3>North Carolina</h3>
<h3>South Carolina</h3>
<h3>Tennessee</h3>
<h3>Virginia</h3>
<h2>Southwest</h2>
<h3>Arizona</h3>
<h3>New Mexico</h3>
<h3>Texas</h3></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>United States</h1>
<h2>Far West</h2>
<h3>Alaska</h3>
<h3>California</h3>
<h3>Hawaii</h3>
<h3><strong>Nevada</strong></h3>
<p>I lived here <em>once</em>.</p>
<p>Loved it.</p>
<h4><a href="http://www.reno.gov">Reno</a></h4>
<h4>Las Vegas</h4>
<h4>Ely</h4>
<h4>Gerlach</h4>
<h3>Oregon</h3>
<h3>Washington</h3>
<h2>Great Plains</h2>
<h3>Kansas</h3>
<h3>Nebraska</h3>
<h3>North Dakota</h3>
<h3>Oklahoma</h3>
<h3>South Dakota</h3>
<h2>Mid-Atlantic</h2>
<h3>Delaware</h3>
<h3>Maryland</h3>
<h3>New Jersey</h3>
<h3>New York</h3>
<h3>Pennsylvania</h3>
<h2>Midwest</h2>
<h3>Illinois</h3>
<h3>Indiana</h3>
<h3>Iowa</h3>
<h3>Kentucky</h3>
<h3>Michigan</h3>
<h3>Minnesota</h3>
<h3>Missouri</h3>
<h3>Ohio</h3>
<h3>West Virginia</h3>
<h3>Wisconsin</h3>
<h2>Mountains</h2>
<h3>Colorado</h3>
<h3>Idaho</h3>
<h3>Montana</h3>
<h3>Utah</h3>
<h3>Wyoming</h3>
<h2>New England</h2>
<h3>Connecticut</h3>
<h3>Maine</h3>
<h3>Massachusetts</h3>
<h3>New Hampshire</h3>
<h3>Rhode Island</h3>
<h3>Vermont</h3>
<h2>South</h2>
<h3>Alabama</h3>
<h3>Arkansas</h3>
<h3>Florida</h3>
<h3>Georgia</h3>
<h3>Louisiana</h3>
<h3>Mississippi</h3>
<h3>North Carolina</h3>
<h3>South Carolina</h3>
<h3>Tennessee</h3>
<h3>Virginia</h3>
<h2>Southwest</h2>
<h3>Arizona</h3>
<h3>New Mexico</h3>
<h3>Texas</h3>
</body></html>
Bounded OPML reader maps document title, owner, modified date, nested outlines, link outlines, and Markdown notes into the shared AST, with canonical native semantic parity for the pinned upstream opml-reader fixture. Full option and edge-case parity remains open.

Research outline

287 bytes | Inline OPML outline.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<opml version="2.0">
  <head><title>Research outline</title></head>
  <body>
    <outline text="Migration guide">
      <outline text="Inventory formats"/>
      <outline text="Compare Haskell Pandoc and PHP port"/>
    </outline>
  </body>
</opml>

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Migration guide</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

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<h2>Inventory formats</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Compare Haskell Pandoc and PHP port</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Migration guide</h1>
<h2>Inventory formats</h2>
<h2>Compare Haskell Pandoc and PHP port</h2></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Migration guide</h1>
<h2>Inventory formats</h2>
<h2>Compare Haskell Pandoc and PHP port</h2>
</body></html>
Bounded OPML reader maps document title, owner, modified date, nested outlines, link outlines, and Markdown notes into the shared AST, with canonical native semantic parity for the pinned upstream opml-reader fixture. Full option and edge-case parity remains open.

pdf

23 samples

Unstructured two-page multicolumn fixture

194794 bytes | Unstructured example-docs/pdf/multi-column-2p.pdf

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...

Download original file

Two-column article pages that exercise column order and paragraph continuation.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1 id="pdf-page-1">Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-front-matter">Vladimir Karpukhin∗, Barlas O ˘guz∗, Sewon Min†, Patrick Lewis,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-front-matter">Ledell Wu, Sergey Edunov, Danqi Chen‡, Wen-tau Yih</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-front-matter">Facebook AI †University of Washington</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-front-matter">‡Princeton University</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-front-matter">{vladk, barlaso, plewis, ledell, edunov, scottyih}fb.com</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-front-matter">sewoncs.washington.edu</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-front-matter">danqiccs.princeton.edu</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p id="pdf-page-2">Open-domain question answering relies on efficient passage retrieval to select candidate contexts, where traditional sparse vector space models, such as TF-IDF or BM25, are the de facto method. In this work, we show that retrieval can be practically implemented using dense representations alone, where embeddings are learned from a small number of questions and passages by a simple dual- encoder framework. When evaluated on a wide range of open-domain QA datasets, our dense retriever outperforms a strong Lucene- BM25 system greatly by 9%-19% absolute in terms of top-20 passage retrieval accuracy, and helps our end-to-end QA system establish new state-of-the-art on multiple open-domain QA <a href="#pdf-page-1">benchmarks.1</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>1 Introduction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

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<p>Open-domain question answering (QA) (Voorhees,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":1999} -->
<ol start="1999"><li>is a task that answers factoid questions using a large collection of documents. While early QA systems are often complicated and consist of multiple components (Ferrucci(2012); Moldovan et al.(2003), inter alia), the advances of reading comprehension models suggest a much simplified two-stage framework: (1) a context retriever first selects a small subset of passages where some of them contain the answer to the question, and then (2) a machine reader can thoroughly exam- ine the retrieved contexts and identify the correct answer (Chen et al., 2017). Although reducing open-domain QA to machine reading is a very rea- sonable strategy, a huge performance degradation is often observed in <a href="#pdf-page-1">practice2,</a> indicating the needs of improving retrieval. arXiv: 2004.04906v3 [cs. CL] 30 Sep 2020 Retrieval in open-domain QA is usually implemented using TF-IDF or BM25 (Robertson and Zaragoza, 2009), which matches keywords efficiently with an inverted index and can be seen as representing the question and context in high- dimensional, sparse vectors (with weighting). Con- versely, the dense, latent semantic encoding is complementary to sparse representations by design. For example, synonyms or paraphrases that consist of completely different tokens may still be mapped to vectors close to each other. Consider the question “Who is the bad guy in lord of the rings? ”, which can be answered from the context “Sala Baker is best known for portraying the villain Sauron in the Lord of the Rings trilogy.” A term-based system would have difficulty retrieving such a context, while a dense retrieval system would be able to better match “bad guy” with “villain” and fetch the correct context. Dense encodings are also learnable by adjusting the embedding functions, which pro- vides additional flexibility to have a task-specific representation. With special in-memory data struc- tures and indexing schemes, retrieval can be done efficiently using maximum inner product search (MIPS) algorithms (e.g., Shrivastava and Li(2014);</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Guo et al.(2016)).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>However, it is generally believed that learn- ing a good dense vector representation needs a large number of labeled pairs of question and contexts. Dense retrieval methods have thus never be shown to outperform TF-IDF/BM25 for open- domain QA before ORQA (Lee et al., 2019), which proposes a sophisticated inverse cloze task (ICT) objective, predicting the blocks that contain the masked sentence, for additional pretraining. The question encoder and the reader model are then fine- tuned using pairs of questions and answers jointly. Although ORQA successfully demonstrates that dense retrieval can outperform BM25, setting new state-of-the-art results on multiple open-domain</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>∗Equal contribution 1 The code and trained models have been released at <a href="https://github.com/facebookresearch/DPR">https://github.com/facebookresearch/DPR</a>. 2 For instance, the exact match score on SQuAD v1.1 drops from above 80% to less than 40% (Yang et al., 2019a).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>QA datasets, it also suffers from two weaknesses. First, ICT pretraining is computationally intensive and it is not completely clear that regular sentences are good surrogates of questions in the objective function. Second, because the context encoder is not fine-tuned using pairs of questions and answers, the corresponding representations could be subop- timal. In this paper, we address the question: can we train a better dense embedding model using only pairs of questions and passages (or answers), with- out additional pretraining? By leveraging the now standard BERT pretrained model (Devlin et al.,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":2019} -->
<ol start="2019"><li>and a dual-encoder architecture (Bromley et al., 1994), we focus on developing the right training scheme using a relatively small number of question and passage pairs. Through a series of careful ablation studies, our final solution is surprisingly simple: the embedding is optimized for maximizing inner products of the question and relevant passage vectors, with an objective compar- ing all pairs of questions and passages in a batch.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Our Dense Passage Retriever (DPR) is exceptionally strong. It not only outperforms BM25 by a large margin (65.2% vs. 42.9% in Top-5 accuracy), but also results in a substantial improvement on the end-to-end QA accuracy compared to ORQA (41.5% vs. 33.3%) in the open Natural Questions setting (Lee et al., 2019; Kwiatkowski et al., 2019). Our contributions are twofold. First, we demon- strate that with the proper training setup, simply fine-tuning the question and passage encoders on existing question-passage pairs is sufficient to greatly outperform BM25. Our empirical results also suggest that additional pretraining may not be needed. Second, we verify that, in the context of open-domain question answering, a higher retrieval precision indeed translates to a higher end-to-end QA accuracy. By applying a modern reader model to the top retrieved passages, we achieve compara- ble or better results on multiple QA datasets in the open-retrieval setting, compared to several, much complicated systems.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>2 Background The problem of open-domain QA studied in this paper can be described as follows. Given a factoid question, such as “Who first voiced Meg on Family Guy? ” or “Where was the 8th Dalai Lama born? ”, a system is required to answer it using a large corpus of diversified topics. More specifically, we assume</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>the extractive QA setting, in which the answer is restricted to a span appearing in one or more passages in the corpus. Assume that our collection contains D documents, d1, d2, ···, dD. We first split each of the documents into text passages of equal lengths as the basic retrieval units3 and get M total passages in our corpus C = {p1, p2, ..., pM }, where each passage pi can be viewed as a sequence of tokens w(i) 1, w(i) 2</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>, ···, w(i)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>|p i|. Given a question q, the task is to find a span w(i) s, w(i) s+1</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>, ···, w(i)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>e from one of the passages p</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>i that can answer the question.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Notice that to cover a wide variety of domains, the corpus size can easily range from millions of documents (e.g., Wikipedia) to billions (e.g., the Web). As a result, any open-domain QA system needs to include an efficient retriever component that can select a small set of relevant texts, before applying the reader to extract the answer (Chen et al., 2017).4 Formally speaking, a retriever R : (q, C)→ C</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>F is a function that takes as input a question q and a corpus C and returns a much smaller filter set of texts C F ⊂ C, where |C</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>F |=k|C|. For a fixed k, a retriever can be evaluated in isolation on top-k retrieval accuracy, which is the fraction of questions for which C</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>F contains a span that answers the question. 3 Dense Passage Retriever (DPR) We focus our research in this work on improving the retrieval component in open-domain QA. Given a collection of M text passages, the goal of our dense passage retriever (DPR) is to index all the passages in a low-dimensional and continuous space, such that it can retrieve efficiently the top k passages relevant to the input question for the reader at run-time. Note that M can be very large (e.g., 21 million passages in our experiments, described in Section4.1) and k is usually small, such</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>as 20–100.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>3.1 Overview</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Our dense passage retriever (DPR) uses a dense encoder EP (·)which maps any text passage to a d- dimensional real-valued vectors and builds an index for all the M passages that we will use for retrieval. 3 The ideal size and boundary of a text passage are func- tions of both the retriever and reader. We also experimented with natural paragraphs in our preliminary trials and found that using fixed-length passages performs better in both retrieval and final QA accuracy, as observed byWang et al.(2019). 4 Exceptions include (Seo et al., 2019) and (Roberts et al., 2020), which retrieves and generates the answers, respectively.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="pdf-page-1">Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering</h1>
<p class="pdf-front-matter">Vladimir Karpukhin∗, Barlas O ˘guz∗, Sewon Min†, Patrick Lewis,</p>
<p class="pdf-front-matter">Ledell Wu, Sergey Edunov, Danqi Chen‡, Wen-tau Yih</p>
<p class="pdf-front-matter">Facebook AI †University of Washington</p>
<p class="pdf-front-matter">‡Princeton University</p>
<p class="pdf-front-matter">{vladk, barlaso, plewis, ledell, edunov, scottyih}fb.com</p>
<p class="pdf-front-matter">sewoncs.washington.edu</p>
<p class="pdf-front-matter">danqiccs.princeton.edu</p>
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p id="pdf-page-2">Open-domain question answering relies on efficient passage retrieval to select candidate contexts, where traditional sparse vector space models, such as TF-IDF or BM25, are the de facto method. In this work, we show that retrieval can be practically implemented using dense representations alone, where embeddings are learned from a small number of questions and passages by a simple dual- encoder framework. When evaluated on a wide range of open-domain QA datasets, our dense retriever outperforms a strong Lucene- BM25 system greatly by 9%-19% absolute in terms of top-20 passage retrieval accuracy, and helps our end-to-end QA system establish new state-of-the-art on multiple open-domain QA <a href="#pdf-page-1">benchmarks.1</a></p>
<h2>1 Introduction</h2>
<p>Open-domain question answering (QA) (Voorhees,</p>
<ol start="1999">
<li><p>is a task that answers factoid questions using a large collection of documents. While early QA systems are often complicated and consist of multiple components (Ferrucci(2012); Moldovan et al.(2003), inter alia), the advances of reading comprehension models suggest a much simplified two-stage framework: (1) a context retriever first selects a small subset of passages where some of them contain the answer to the question, and then (2) a machine reader can thoroughly exam- ine the retrieved contexts and identify the correct answer (Chen et al., 2017). Although reducing open-domain QA to machine reading is a very rea- sonable strategy, a huge performance degradation is often observed in <a href="#pdf-page-1">practice2,</a> indicating the needs of improving retrieval. arXiv: 2004.04906v3 [cs. CL] 30 Sep 2020 Retrieval in open-domain QA is usually implemented using TF-IDF or BM25 (Robertson and Zaragoza, 2009), which matches keywords efficiently with an inverted index and can be seen as representing the question and context in high- dimensional, sparse vectors (with weighting). Con- versely, the dense, latent semantic encoding is complementary to sparse representations by design. For example, synonyms or paraphrases that consist of completely different tokens may still be mapped to vectors close to each other. Consider the question “Who is the bad guy in lord of the rings? ”, which can be answered from the context “Sala Baker is best known for portraying the villain Sauron in the Lord of the Rings trilogy.” A term-based system would have difficulty retrieving such a context, while a dense retrieval system would be able to better match “bad guy” with “villain” and fetch the correct context. Dense encodings are also learnable by adjusting the embedding functions, which pro- vides additional flexibility to have a task-specific representation. With special in-memory data struc- tures and indexing schemes, retrieval can be done efficiently using maximum inner product search (MIPS) algorithms (e.g., Shrivastava and Li(2014);</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Guo et al.(2016)).</p>
<p>However, it is generally believed that learn- ing a good dense vector representation needs a large number of labeled pairs of question and contexts. Dense retrieval methods have thus never be shown to outperform TF-IDF/BM25 for open- domain QA before ORQA (Lee et al., 2019), which proposes a sophisticated inverse cloze task (ICT) objective, predicting the blocks that contain the masked sentence, for additional pretraining. The question encoder and the reader model are then fine- tuned using pairs of questions and answers jointly. Although ORQA successfully demonstrates that dense retrieval can outperform BM25, setting new state-of-the-art results on multiple open-domain</p>
<p>∗Equal contribution 1 The code and trained models have been released at <a href="https://github.com/facebookresearch/DPR">https://github.com/facebookresearch/DPR</a>. 2 For instance, the exact match score on SQuAD v1.1 drops from above 80% to less than 40% (Yang et al., 2019a).</p>
<p>QA datasets, it also suffers from two weaknesses. First, ICT pretraining is computationally intensive and it is not completely clear that regular sentences are good surrogates of questions in the objective function. Second, because the context encoder is not fine-tuned using pairs of questions and answers, the corresponding representations could be subop- timal. In this paper, we address the question: can we train a better dense embedding model using only pairs of questions and passages (or answers), with- out additional pretraining? By leveraging the now standard BERT pretrained model (Devlin et al.,</p>
<ol start="2019">
<li><p>and a dual-encoder architecture (Bromley et al., 1994), we focus on developing the right training scheme using a relatively small number of question and passage pairs. Through a series of careful ablation studies, our final solution is surprisingly simple: the embedding is optimized for maximizing inner products of the question and relevant passage vectors, with an objective compar- ing all pairs of questions and passages in a batch.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Our Dense Passage Retriever (DPR) is exceptionally strong. It not only outperforms BM25 by a large margin (65.2% vs. 42.9% in Top-5 accuracy), but also results in a substantial improvement on the end-to-end QA accuracy compared to ORQA (41.5% vs. 33.3%) in the open Natural Questions setting (Lee et al., 2019; Kwiatkowski et al., 2019). Our contributions are twofold. First, we demon- strate that with the proper training setup, simply fine-tuning the question and passage encoders on existing question-passage pairs is sufficient to greatly outperform BM25. Our empirical results also suggest that additional pretraining may not be needed. Second, we verify that, in the context of open-domain question answering, a higher retrieval precision indeed translates to a higher end-to-end QA accuracy. By applying a modern reader model to the top retrieved passages, we achieve compara- ble or better results on multiple QA datasets in the open-retrieval setting, compared to several, much complicated systems.</p>
<p>2 Background The problem of open-domain QA studied in this paper can be described as follows. Given a factoid question, such as “Who first voiced Meg on Family Guy? ” or “Where was the 8th Dalai Lama born? ”, a system is required to answer it using a large corpus of diversified topics. More specifically, we assume</p>
<p>the extractive QA setting, in which the answer is restricted to a span appearing in one or more passages in the corpus. Assume that our collection contains D documents, d1, d2, ···, dD. We first split each of the documents into text passages of equal lengths as the basic retrieval units3 and get M total passages in our corpus C = {p1, p2, ..., pM }, where each passage pi can be viewed as a sequence of tokens w(i) 1, w(i) 2</p>
<p>, ···, w(i)</p>
<p>|p i|. Given a question q, the task is to find a span w(i) s, w(i) s+1</p>
<p>, ···, w(i)</p>
<p>e from one of the passages p</p>
<p>i that can answer the question.</p>
<p>Notice that to cover a wide variety of domains, the corpus size can easily range from millions of documents (e.g., Wikipedia) to billions (e.g., the Web). As a result, any open-domain QA system needs to include an efficient retriever component that can select a small set of relevant texts, before applying the reader to extract the answer (Chen et al., 2017).4 Formally speaking, a retriever R : (q, C)→ C</p>
<p>F is a function that takes as input a question q and a corpus C and returns a much smaller filter set of texts C F ⊂ C, where |C</p>
<p>F |=k|C|. For a fixed k, a retriever can be evaluated in isolation on top-k retrieval accuracy, which is the fraction of questions for which C</p>
<p>F contains a span that answers the question. 3 Dense Passage Retriever (DPR) We focus our research in this work on improving the retrieval component in open-domain QA. Given a collection of M text passages, the goal of our dense passage retriever (DPR) is to index all the passages in a low-dimensional and continuous space, such that it can retrieve efficiently the top k passages relevant to the input question for the reader at run-time. Note that M can be very large (e.g., 21 million passages in our experiments, described in Section4.1) and k is usually small, such</p>
<p>as 20–100.</p>
<h2>3.1 Overview</h2>
<p>Our dense passage retriever (DPR) uses a dense encoder EP (·)which maps any text passage to a d- dimensional real-valued vectors and builds an index for all the M passages that we will use for retrieval. 3 The ideal size and boundary of a text passage are func- tions of both the retriever and reader. We also experimented with natural paragraphs in our preliminary trials and found that using fixed-length passages performs better in both retrieval and final QA accuracy, as observed byWang et al.(2019). 4 Exceptions include (Seo et al., 2019) and (Roberts et al., 2020), which retrieves and generates the answers, respectively.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Unstructured list fixture

48981 bytes | Unstructured example-docs/pdf/list-item-example.pdf

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Download original file

Mixed bullet and numbered list material with wrapped item text.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
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<h1>Module One - Introduction to Product Development and Quality Assurance</h1>
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<p>This module introduces the learner to the importance and principles of product development and quality assurance, explores what kinds of products might be developed and tested, considers potential challenges and provides guidance on ensuring standards and efficiency throughout the development process. It then introduces the four steps of successful development.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>What are product types?</li><li>What challenges may arise in development?</li><li>What is product development and quality assurance, and who is involved?</li><li>The importance and benefits of product development and quality assurance</li><li>Which products should be developed and tested?</li><li>Ensuring standards and efficiency in development</li><li>Timescales and conduct of development</li></ul>
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<p>Module Two: Initial Planning and Step 1:</p>
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<h2>Concept Development</h2>
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<p>This module considers immediate actions following a product idea, including market research, defining requirements, and initial collaboration with stakeholders. It then looks at who should lead the development and what relevant information might need to be gathered as part of the process.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Market research and defining requirements Collaboration and initial planning Engaging stakeholders and recording information</p>
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<ul><li>Who should lead the development?</li><li>Step 1: Concept development</li><li>What is the product idea, target market, and objective?</li></ul>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Module Three: Step 2: Design and Prototyping</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This module looks at the role of the design team in detail and outlines an approach for creating and testing prototypes based on the concept developed in the previous step. It looks at potential root challenges that may arise during the design phase, as well as considering underlying considerations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The role of the design team</li><li>Determining the immediate and underlying challenges of design</li><li>Underlying considerations: usability and user experience</li><li>Underlying considerations: materials and manufacturing processes</li><li>Underlying considerations: compliance and standards</li><li>Determining root challenges: organizational factors</li><li>The product development lifecycle</li><li>Collaboration, responsibilities, and training</li><li>Design thinking and innovation</li><li>Management of changes, feedback, and iterations</li><li>Determining root challenges: market factors</li><li>How will the product meet market needs?</li><li>Design considerations</li><li>Case study</li><li>Prototyping methodologies</li><li>Intellectual property considerations</li><li>Concept validation</li><li>Team collaboration and leadership</li><li>Budgeting and resource planning</li><li>Technology and tools selection</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Module One - Introduction to Product Development and Quality Assurance</h1>
<p>This module introduces the learner to the importance and principles of product development and quality assurance, explores what kinds of products might be developed and tested, considers potential challenges and provides guidance on ensuring standards and efficiency throughout the development process. It then introduces the four steps of successful development.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>What are product types?</p></li>
<li><p>What challenges may arise in development?</p></li>
<li><p>What is product development and quality assurance, and who is involved?</p></li>
<li><p>The importance and benefits of product development and quality assurance</p></li>
<li><p>Which products should be developed and tested?</p></li>
<li><p>Ensuring standards and efficiency in development</p></li>
<li><p>Timescales and conduct of development</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Module Two: Initial Planning and Step 1:</p>
<h2>Concept Development</h2>
<p>This module considers immediate actions following a product idea, including market research, defining requirements, and initial collaboration with stakeholders. It then looks at who should lead the development and what relevant information might need to be gathered as part of the process.</p>
<p>Market research and defining requirements Collaboration and initial planning Engaging stakeholders and recording information</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Who should lead the development?</p></li>
<li><p>Step 1: Concept development</p></li>
<li><p>What is the product idea, target market, and objective?</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Module Three: Step 2: Design and Prototyping</p>
<p>This module looks at the role of the design team in detail and outlines an approach for creating and testing prototypes based on the concept developed in the previous step. It looks at potential root challenges that may arise during the design phase, as well as considering underlying considerations.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The role of the design team</p></li>
<li><p>Determining the immediate and underlying challenges of design</p></li>
<li><p>Underlying considerations: usability and user experience</p></li>
<li><p>Underlying considerations: materials and manufacturing processes</p></li>
<li><p>Underlying considerations: compliance and standards</p></li>
<li><p>Determining root challenges: organizational factors</p></li>
<li><p>The product development lifecycle</p></li>
<li><p>Collaboration, responsibilities, and training</p></li>
<li><p>Design thinking and innovation</p></li>
<li><p>Management of changes, feedback, and iterations</p></li>
<li><p>Determining root challenges: market factors</p></li>
<li><p>How will the product meet market needs?</p></li>
<li><p>Design considerations</p></li>
<li><p>Case study</p></li>
<li><p>Prototyping methodologies</p></li>
<li><p>Intellectual property considerations</p></li>
<li><p>Concept validation</p></li>
<li><p>Team collaboration and leadership</p></li>
<li><p>Budgeting and resource planning</p></li>
<li><p>Technology and tools selection</p></li>
</ul></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Unstructured Korean table fixture

88314 bytes | Unstructured example-docs/pdf/korean-text-with-tables.pdf

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Download original file

Korean text and tabular material that exercise CMaps, non-Latin spacing, and geometry tables.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>할인점 · 주유 · 온라인쇼핑몰</th><th>커피전문점 · 제과점 · 편의점</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1.5% 빅포인트 적립</td><td>2% 빅포인트 적립</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">적립한도 없이 할인점·주유·온라인쇼핑몰 1.5% 빅포인트 적립</th><th data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></th><th data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">적립한도 없이 커피전문점·제과점·편의점 2% 빅포인트 적립</th><th data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>업종</td><td>적립 대상</td><td>업종</td><td>적립 대상</td></tr><tr><td>할인점</td><td>이마트, 이마트 트레이더스, 롯데마트, 홈플러스</td><td>커피전문점</td><td>스타벅스, 투썸플레이스, 카페베네, 탐앤탐스, 커피빈, 엔제리너스, 할리스커피, 파스쿠찌,</td></tr><tr><td>주유</td><td>모든 주유소</td><td></td><td>아티제, 폴 바셋</td></tr><tr><td>온라인쇼핑몰</td><td>삼성카드 쇼핑, G마켓, 옥션, 11번가, 인터파크,</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>쿠팡, 티몬, 위메프</td><td>제과점</td><td>파리바게뜨, 뚜레쥬르</td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 전월 이용금액 40만원 이상 시 제공</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td>편의점</td><td>CU, GS25, 세븐일레븐, 미니스톱</td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 발급월+1개월까지는 전월 이용금액 40만원 미만 시에도 제공</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td>* 전월 이용금액 40만원 이상 시 제공</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 할인점은 온라인몰도 포함되며, 기업형 슈퍼마켓(이마트</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 발급월+1개월까지는 전월 이용금액 40만원 미만 시에도 제공</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">에브리데이, 홈플러스 익스프레스, 롯데슈퍼 등), 쇼핑 외 결제건</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 커피전문점은 오프라인 결제건에 한하며, 임대매장은 제외</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">(상품권, 주차장 등), 임대매장은 제외</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">(단, 스타벅스의 경우, 사이렌오더 결제건도 혜택 제공)</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 주유는 LPG충전소 포함</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 제과점은 오프라인 결제건에 한하며, 백화점, 할인점, 쇼핑몰 등의 임대매장은 제외</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h1>서비스 제공 기준</h1>
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<p>전월 이용금액 기준 매월 1일부터 말일까지 이용한 일시불 및 할부 이용금액</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>전월 이용금액 제외 대상 건강보험/국민연금/고용보험/산재보험 및 장애인 고용부담금, 국세/지방세/공과금, 대학 등록금, 대중교통, 택시, 아파트 관리비, 기프트/선불카드(포인트, 사이버머니 등 전자지급수단 포함) 구매 및 충전, 상품권 구매건</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>적립 제외 대상 무이자할부, 다이어트할부, 삼성카드 할인이 적용된 일시불 및 할부 이용금액, 기프트/선불카드(포인트, 사이버머니 등 전자지급수단 포함) 구매 및 충전, 상품권 구매건</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>기타</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>적립 혜택은 매출전표 접수 시점 기준으로 적용</li><li>* 삼성카드의 포인트는 빅포인트, 보너스포인트, 서비스포인트로 구분되며, 적립된 포인트는 합산하여 사용 가능(1 포인트 = 1원의 가치)</li><li>빅포인트의 유효기간은 5년으로, 유효기간 만료 시 월 단위로 자동 소멸</li><li>보너스클럽 이용 시 보너스포인트와 빅포인트 중 높은 적립률의 포인트 적립</li><li>포인트 사용에 대한 자세한 내용은 ‘삼성카드 홈페이지(PC, 모바일)’ 에서 확인</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr><th>할인점 · 주유 · 온라인쇼핑몰</th><th>커피전문점 · 제과점 · 편의점</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1.5% 빅포인트 적립</td><td>2% 빅포인트 적립</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">적립한도 없이 할인점·주유·온라인쇼핑몰 1.5% 빅포인트 적립</th><th data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></th><th data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">적립한도 없이 커피전문점·제과점·편의점 2% 빅포인트 적립</th><th data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>업종</td><td>적립 대상</td><td>업종</td><td>적립 대상</td></tr>
<tr><td>할인점</td><td>이마트, 이마트 트레이더스, 롯데마트, 홈플러스</td><td>커피전문점</td><td>스타벅스, 투썸플레이스, 카페베네, 탐앤탐스, 커피빈, 엔제리너스, 할리스커피, 파스쿠찌,</td></tr>
<tr><td>주유</td><td>모든 주유소</td><td></td><td>아티제, 폴 바셋</td></tr>
<tr><td>온라인쇼핑몰</td><td>삼성카드 쇼핑, G마켓, 옥션, 11번가, 인터파크,</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>쿠팡, 티몬, 위메프</td><td>제과점</td><td>파리바게뜨, 뚜레쥬르</td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 전월 이용금액 40만원 이상 시 제공</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td>편의점</td><td>CU, GS25, 세븐일레븐, 미니스톱</td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 발급월+1개월까지는 전월 이용금액 40만원 미만 시에도 제공</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td>* 전월 이용금액 40만원 이상 시 제공</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 할인점은 온라인몰도 포함되며, 기업형 슈퍼마켓(이마트</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 발급월+1개월까지는 전월 이용금액 40만원 미만 시에도 제공</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">에브리데이, 홈플러스 익스프레스, 롯데슈퍼 등), 쇼핑 외 결제건</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 커피전문점은 오프라인 결제건에 한하며, 임대매장은 제외</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">(상품권, 주차장 등), 임대매장은 제외</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">(단, 스타벅스의 경우, 사이렌오더 결제건도 혜택 제공)</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 주유는 LPG충전소 포함</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff">* 제과점은 오프라인 결제건에 한하며, 백화점, 할인점, 쇼핑몰 등의 임대매장은 제외</td><td data-pdf-contrast-color="#ffffff" data-pdf-fill-color="#000000" style="background-color:#000000; color:#ffffff"></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>서비스 제공 기준</h1>
<p>전월 이용금액 기준 매월 1일부터 말일까지 이용한 일시불 및 할부 이용금액</p>
<p>전월 이용금액 제외 대상 건강보험/국민연금/고용보험/산재보험 및 장애인 고용부담금, 국세/지방세/공과금, 대학 등록금, 대중교통, 택시, 아파트 관리비, 기프트/선불카드(포인트, 사이버머니 등 전자지급수단 포함) 구매 및 충전, 상품권 구매건</p>
<p>적립 제외 대상 무이자할부, 다이어트할부, 삼성카드 할인이 적용된 일시불 및 할부 이용금액, 기프트/선불카드(포인트, 사이버머니 등 전자지급수단 포함) 구매 및 충전, 상품권 구매건</p>
<p>기타</p>
<ul>
<li><p>적립 혜택은 매출전표 접수 시점 기준으로 적용</p></li>
<li><p>* 삼성카드의 포인트는 빅포인트, 보너스포인트, 서비스포인트로 구분되며, 적립된 포인트는 합산하여 사용 가능(1 포인트 = 1원의 가치)</p></li>
<li><p>빅포인트의 유효기간은 5년으로, 유효기간 만료 시 월 단위로 자동 소멸</p></li>
<li><p>보너스클럽 이용 시 보너스포인트와 빅포인트 중 높은 적립률의 포인트 적립</p></li>
<li><p>포인트 사용에 대한 자세한 내용은 ‘삼성카드 홈페이지(PC, 모바일)’ 에서 확인</p></li>
</ul></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Unstructured OCR text-layer fixture

446834 bytes | Unstructured example-docs/pdf/pdf-with-ocr-text.pdf

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Image-backed page with a non-painting OCR layer; its visible source stamp is preserved, while OCR text must not leak into body flow.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/pdf/image-10.jpg" alt="PDF page 1 image; editable text unavailable" title="PDF image 10" data-pandoc-width="300.96pt" data-pandoc-height="393.12pt" style="width:300.96pt; height:393.12pt" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="473015" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="page" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="1254" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="1638" data-pandoc-pdf-page="1" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="0" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="0" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="300.96" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="393.12" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="473015" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bc1d84f8a7124525dde5041e600ebb6d5db5423a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="7eb49d0e4df78a11d8432f397821afc7ad794a9f" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Source: <a href="https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mjgl0226">https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mjgl0226</a></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p class="pandoc-pdf-image-block pandoc-pdf-image-placed pandoc-pdf-page-image" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="473015" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="page" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="1254" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="1638" data-pandoc-pdf-page="1" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="0" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="0" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="300.96" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="393.12"><img src="media/pdf/image-10.jpg" title="PDF image 10" alt="PDF page 1 image; editable text unavailable" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="473015" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="page" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="1254" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="1638" data-pandoc-pdf-page="1" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="0" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="0" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="300.96" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="393.12" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="473015" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bc1d84f8a7124525dde5041e600ebb6d5db5423a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="7eb49d0e4df78a11d8432f397821afc7ad794a9f" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>Source: <a href="https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mjgl0226">https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/mjgl0226</a></p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Docling code and formula fixture

89031 bytes | docling-project/docling tests/data/pdf/sources/code_and_formula.pdf

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Two pages mixing prose, source code, and mathematical formula layout.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>JavaScript Code Example</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Listing 1: Simple JavaScript Program</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>function add(a, b) {
    return a + b;
}
console.log(add(3, 5));</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Formula</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-formula">a2 + 8 = 12</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>JavaScript Code Example</h1>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,</p>
<h2>Listing 1: Simple JavaScript Program</h2>
<pre><code>function add(a, b) {
    return a + b;
}
console.log(add(3, 5));</code></pre>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,</p>
<h2>Formula</h2>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt.</p>
<p class="pdf-formula">a2 + 8 = 12</p>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Arabic right-to-left prose and headings with mixed numeric content.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p dir="rtl">تحسين الإنتاجية وحل المشكالت من خلال البرمجة بلغة R و Python من الأدوات القوية التي يمكن أن تعزز الإنتاجية وتساعد في إيجاد حلول فعالة ميزات فريدة تجعلها مثالية لتحليل البيانات، مما يسهل على المحللين والعلماء لديك عقلية تحليلية، فإن استخدام هذه اللغات يمكن أن يسهم</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p dir="rtl">تعتبر البرمجة بلغة R و Python للمشكالت. يمتلك كل من R و Python إجراء تحليالت معقدة بطريقة سريعة وفعالة. إذا كان بشكل كبير في تحسين نتائج العمل .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p dir="rtl">عندما يجتمع التفكير التحليلي مع مهارات البرمجة، يصبح من الممكن معالجة كميات هائلة من البيانات واستخراج R و Python لتنفيذ عمليات تحليلية متقدمة، مثل النمذجة الأنماط والتوجهات منها. يمكن للمبرمجين استخدام الإحصائية وتحليل البيانات الكبيرة. هذا ليس فقط يوفر الوقت، بل يمكن أن يؤدي أيضاً إلى اتخاذ قرارات أكثر دقة</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p dir="rtl">ن التطبيقات، من التحليل مكتبات وأدوات غنية تدعم مجموعة واسعة م</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p dir="rtl">بناء ًعلى استنتاجات قائمة على البيانات . عالوة على ذلك، توفر كل من R و Python البياني إلى التعلم الآلي. يمكن للمستخدمين االستفادة من هذه المكتبات لتطوير حلول مبتكرة للمشكالت المختلفة. على R أدوات قوية للرسم لإدارة البيانات بكفاءة، بينما توفر</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p dir="rtl">مع عقلية تحليلية إلى تحسين الإنتاجية وتوفير حلول مبتكرة ا</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p dir="rtl">حصائي، مما يجعلها مثالية للباحثين والمحللين .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Python يف pandas</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p dir="rtl">سبيل المثال، يمكن استخدام مكتبة البياني والتحليل الإ</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p dir="rtl">في النهاية، يمكن أن تؤدي البرمجة بلغة R و Python للمشكالت المعقدة. إن القدرة على تحليل البيانات بشكل فعال وتطبيق الأساليب البرمجية المناسبة يمكن أن تكون له تأثيرات إيجابية بعيدة المدى على الأداء الشخصي والمهني .</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p dir="rtl">تحسين الإنتاجية وحل المشكالت من خلال البرمجة بلغة R و Python من الأدوات القوية التي يمكن أن تعزز الإنتاجية وتساعد في إيجاد حلول فعالة ميزات فريدة تجعلها مثالية لتحليل البيانات، مما يسهل على المحللين والعلماء لديك عقلية تحليلية، فإن استخدام هذه اللغات يمكن أن يسهم</p>
<p dir="rtl">تعتبر البرمجة بلغة R و Python للمشكالت. يمتلك كل من R و Python إجراء تحليالت معقدة بطريقة سريعة وفعالة. إذا كان بشكل كبير في تحسين نتائج العمل .</p>
<p dir="rtl">عندما يجتمع التفكير التحليلي مع مهارات البرمجة، يصبح من الممكن معالجة كميات هائلة من البيانات واستخراج R و Python لتنفيذ عمليات تحليلية متقدمة، مثل النمذجة الأنماط والتوجهات منها. يمكن للمبرمجين استخدام الإحصائية وتحليل البيانات الكبيرة. هذا ليس فقط يوفر الوقت، بل يمكن أن يؤدي أيضاً إلى اتخاذ قرارات أكثر دقة</p>
<p dir="rtl">ن التطبيقات، من التحليل مكتبات وأدوات غنية تدعم مجموعة واسعة م</p>
<p dir="rtl">بناء ًعلى استنتاجات قائمة على البيانات . عالوة على ذلك، توفر كل من R و Python البياني إلى التعلم الآلي. يمكن للمستخدمين االستفادة من هذه المكتبات لتطوير حلول مبتكرة للمشكالت المختلفة. على R أدوات قوية للرسم لإدارة البيانات بكفاءة، بينما توفر</p>
<p dir="rtl">مع عقلية تحليلية إلى تحسين الإنتاجية وتوفير حلول مبتكرة ا</p>
<p dir="rtl">حصائي، مما يجعلها مثالية للباحثين والمحللين .</p>
<h2>Python يف pandas</h2>
<p dir="rtl">سبيل المثال، يمكن استخدام مكتبة البياني والتحليل الإ</p>
<p dir="rtl">في النهاية، يمكن أن تؤدي البرمجة بلغة R و Python للمشكالت المعقدة. إن القدرة على تحليل البيانات بشكل فعال وتطبيق الأساليب البرمجية المناسبة يمكن أن تكون له تأثيرات إيجابية بعيدة المدى على الأداء الشخصي والمهني .</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Docling picture classification fixture

212855 bytes | docling-project/docling tests/data/pdf/sources/picture_classification.pdf

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Picture regions, captions, and adjacent explanatory prose.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Figures Example</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/pdf/image-11.jpg" alt="" title="PDF image 11" data-pandoc-width="343.731pt" data-pandoc-height="212.1465pt" style="width:343.731pt; height:212.1465pt" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="11" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="48607" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o11" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o11" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="768" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="474" data-pandoc-pdf-page="1" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="133.768" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="277.869" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="477.4989952" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="490.0154736" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="48607" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5f49eb8888dc0edc79430a58c79de469adae0c3d" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0198604844c66e8e60140a856392fc72f789db42" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<p>Figure 1: This is an example image.</p>
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<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua.</p>
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<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/pdf/image-2.jpg" alt="" title="PDF image 2" data-pandoc-width="171.8767pt" data-pandoc-height="228.8833pt" style="width:171.8767pt; height:228.8833pt" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="2" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="132658" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p2-n1-o2" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p2-n1-o2" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="401" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="534" data-pandoc-pdf-page="2" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="219.696" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="283.793" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="391.57274832" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="512.67625088" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="132658" data-pandoc-media-sha1="e3c4af8edee8bb56734b9fd5d650dc8c05adb350" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bf6d6ff15e1352746e42664921b42fb6eb80bc6e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<p>Figure 2: This is an example image.</p>
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<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Figures Example</h1>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</p>
<p class="pandoc-pdf-image-block pandoc-pdf-image-placed" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="11" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="48607" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o11" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o11" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="768" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="474" data-pandoc-pdf-page="1" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="133.768" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="277.869" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="477.4989952" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="490.0154736"><img src="media/pdf/image-11.jpg" title="PDF image 11" alt="PDF image 11" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="11" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="48607" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o11" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p1-n1-o11" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="768" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="474" data-pandoc-pdf-page="1" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="133.768" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="277.869" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="477.4989952" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="490.0154736" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="48607" data-pandoc-media-sha1="5f49eb8888dc0edc79430a58c79de469adae0c3d" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-11.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0198604844c66e8e60140a856392fc72f789db42" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>Figure 1: This is an example image.</p>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua.</p>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</p>
<p class="pandoc-pdf-image-block pandoc-pdf-image-placed" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="2" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="132658" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p2-n1-o2" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p2-n1-o2" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="401" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="534" data-pandoc-pdf-page="2" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="219.696" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="283.793" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="391.57274832" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="512.67625088"><img src="media/pdf/image-2.jpg" title="PDF image 2" alt="PDF image 2" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="2" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="132658" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p2-n1-o2" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p2-n1-o2" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="401" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="534" data-pandoc-pdf-page="2" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="219.696" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="283.793" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="391.57274832" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="512.67625088" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="132658" data-pandoc-media-sha1="e3c4af8edee8bb56734b9fd5d650dc8c05adb350" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bf6d6ff15e1352746e42664921b42fb6eb80bc6e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>Figure 2: This is an example image.</p>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Docling aircraft handbook sample

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Technical manual pages with headings, figures, labels, columns, and running page furniture.

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<p>pulleys, provided the inner race of the bearing is clamped to the supporting structure by the nut and bolt. Plates must be attached to the structure in a positive manner to eliminate rotation or misalignment when tightening the bolts or screws.</p>
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<p>The two general types of self-locking nuts currently in use are the all-metal type and the fiber lock type. For the sake of simplicity, only three typical kinds of self-locking nuts are considered in this handbook: the Boots self-locking and the stainless steel self-locking nuts, representing the all-metal types; and the elastic stop nut, representing the fiber insert type.</p>
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<h2>Boots Self-Locking Nut</h2>
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<p>The Boots self-locking nut is of one piece, all-metal construction designed to hold tight despite severe vibration. Note in Figure 7-26 that it has two sections and is essentially two nuts in one: a locking nut and a load-carrying nut. The two sections are connected with a spring, which is an integral part of the nut.</p>
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<p>The spring keeps the locking and load-carrying sections such a distance apart that the two sets of threads are out of phase or spaced so that a bolt, which has been screwed through the load-carrying section, must push the locking section outward against the force of the spring to engage the threads of the locking section properly.</p>
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<p>The spring, through the medium of the locking section, exerts a constant locking force on the bolt in the same direction as a force that would tighten the nut. In this nut, the load-carrying section has the thread strength of a standard nut of comparable size, while the locking section presses against the threads of the bolt and locks the nut firmly in position. Only a wrench applied to the nut loosens it. The nut can be removed and reused without impairing its efficiency.</p>
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<p>Boots self-locking nuts are made with three different spring styles and in various shapes and sizes. The wing type that is the most common ranges in size for No. 6 up to 1⁄4 inch, the Rol-top ranges from 1⁄4 inch to 1⁄6 inch, and the bellows type ranges in size from No. 8 up to 3⁄8 inch. Wing-type nuts are made of anodized aluminum alloy, cadmium-plated carbon steel, or stainless steel. The Rol-top nut is cadmium-plated steel, and the bellows type is made of aluminum alloy only.</p>
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<h2>Stainless Steel Self-Locking Nut</h2>
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<p>The stainless steel self-locking nut may be spun on and off by hand as its locking action takes places only when the nut is seated against a solid surface and tightened. The nut consists of two parts: a case with a beveled locking shoulder and key and a thread insert with a locking shoulder and slotted keyway. Until the nut is tightened, it spins on the bolt easily, because the threaded insert is the proper size for the bolt. However, when the nut is seated against a solid surface and tightened, the locking shoulder of the insert is pulled downward and wedged against the locking shoulder of the case. This action compresses the threaded insert and causes it to clench the bolt tightly. The cross-sectional view in Figure 7-27 shows how the key of the case fits into the slotted keyway of the insert so that when the case is turned, the threaded insert is turned with it. Note that the slot is wider than the key. This permits the slot to be narrowed and the insert to be compressed when the nut is tightened.</p>
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<h2>Elastic Stop Nut</h2>
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<p>The elastic stop nut is a standard nut with the height increased to accommodate a fiber locking collar. This</p>
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<h2>Tightened nut</h2>
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<h2>Untightened nut</h2>
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<h2>Nut case</h2>
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<h2>Threaded nut core</h2>
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<h2>Locking shoulder</h2>
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<h2>Elastic anchor nut</h2>
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<h2>Boots aircraft nut</h2>
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<p>Flexloc nut Fiber locknut Elastic stop nut</p>
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<h2>Keyway</h2>
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PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>pulleys, provided the inner race of the bearing is clamped to the supporting structure by the nut and bolt. Plates must be attached to the structure in a positive manner to eliminate rotation or misalignment when tightening the bolts or screws.</p>
<p>The two general types of self-locking nuts currently in use are the all-metal type and the fiber lock type. For the sake of simplicity, only three typical kinds of self-locking nuts are considered in this handbook: the Boots self-locking and the stainless steel self-locking nuts, representing the all-metal types; and the elastic stop nut, representing the fiber insert type.</p>
<h2>Boots Self-Locking Nut</h2>
<p>The Boots self-locking nut is of one piece, all-metal construction designed to hold tight despite severe vibration. Note in Figure 7-26 that it has two sections and is essentially two nuts in one: a locking nut and a load-carrying nut. The two sections are connected with a spring, which is an integral part of the nut.</p>
<p>The spring keeps the locking and load-carrying sections such a distance apart that the two sets of threads are out of phase or spaced so that a bolt, which has been screwed through the load-carrying section, must push the locking section outward against the force of the spring to engage the threads of the locking section properly.</p>
<p>The spring, through the medium of the locking section, exerts a constant locking force on the bolt in the same direction as a force that would tighten the nut. In this nut, the load-carrying section has the thread strength of a standard nut of comparable size, while the locking section presses against the threads of the bolt and locks the nut firmly in position. Only a wrench applied to the nut loosens it. The nut can be removed and reused without impairing its efficiency.</p>
<p>Boots self-locking nuts are made with three different spring styles and in various shapes and sizes. The wing type that is the most common ranges in size for No. 6 up to 1⁄4 inch, the Rol-top ranges from 1⁄4 inch to 1⁄6 inch, and the bellows type ranges in size from No. 8 up to 3⁄8 inch. Wing-type nuts are made of anodized aluminum alloy, cadmium-plated carbon steel, or stainless steel. The Rol-top nut is cadmium-plated steel, and the bellows type is made of aluminum alloy only.</p>
<h2>Stainless Steel Self-Locking Nut</h2>
<p>The stainless steel self-locking nut may be spun on and off by hand as its locking action takes places only when the nut is seated against a solid surface and tightened. The nut consists of two parts: a case with a beveled locking shoulder and key and a thread insert with a locking shoulder and slotted keyway. Until the nut is tightened, it spins on the bolt easily, because the threaded insert is the proper size for the bolt. However, when the nut is seated against a solid surface and tightened, the locking shoulder of the insert is pulled downward and wedged against the locking shoulder of the case. This action compresses the threaded insert and causes it to clench the bolt tightly. The cross-sectional view in Figure 7-27 shows how the key of the case fits into the slotted keyway of the insert so that when the case is turned, the threaded insert is turned with it. Note that the slot is wider than the key. This permits the slot to be narrowed and the insert to be compressed when the nut is tightened.</p>
<h2>Elastic Stop Nut</h2>
<p>The elastic stop nut is a standard nut with the height increased to accommodate a fiber locking collar. This</p>
<h2>Tightened nut</h2>
<h2>Untightened nut</h2>
<h2>Nut case</h2>
<h2>Threaded nut core</h2>
<h2>Locking shoulder</h2>
<h2>Elastic anchor nut</h2>
<h2>Boots aircraft nut</h2>
<p>Flexloc nut Fiber locknut Elastic stop nut</p>
<h2>Keyway</h2></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Docling table mislabeled as picture fixture

45661 bytes | docling-project/docling tests/data/pdf/sources/table_mislabeled_as_picture.pdf

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Compact regression page where a table-like region can be confused with a figure.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>208 209 Global Study on Legal Aid — Global Report Annex</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>They work in parallel to State funded private practitioners who take assignments to</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>represent people eligible for legal aid</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>They coordinate appointments of private practitioners (ex officio, or panel appoint-</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ments) to legal aid cases</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>They supervise, coach or mentor private practitioners who take legal aid cases</li><li>They conduct or organize training sessions for staff lawyers/paralegals</li><li>They conduct or organize training sessions for all providers of legal aid, including</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>both staff and private lawyers/paralegals</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Other (Please specify)______________________________________________________</li><li>Not applicable, there is no institutional legal aid provider</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":23} -->
<ol start="23"><li>If your country has an institutional legal aid provider (e.g. public defender), what is</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>the maximum caseload per lawyer at one time?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>_______ at the national (federal) level</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>_______ at the regional (district) level</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>_______ at the local (municipal) level</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>☐There is no such limitation</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":24} -->
<ol start="24"><li>If your country has an institutional legal aid provider (e.g. public defender), do the</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>staff lawyers coordinate to uniformly challenge common violations of national and</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>international due process rights and human rights?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Yes, at the national (federal) level</li><li>Yes, at regional (district) level</li><li>Yes, at the local (municipal) level</li><li>No</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":25} -->
<ol start="25"><li>If your country has an institutional legal aid provider (e.g. public defender), does it</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>have specialized providers and/or units for representing child victims, child witness-</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>es or suspected and accused children?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Yes, at the national (federal) level</li><li>Yes, at regional (district) level</li><li>Yes, at the local (municipal) level</li><li>No</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":26} -->
<ol start="26"><li>If your country allows legal aid services through university-based student law clinics,</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>are there national guidelines on how students are supervised in providing legal aid</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>services? (Please select all that apply)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Yes, there are specific guidelines for non-lawyers providing legal aid services</li><li>Yes, there are specific guidelines on faculty/student ratios</li><li>No, it is up to the discretion of each university</li><li>Don’t know</li><li>There are no university-based student law clinics</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":27} -->
<ol start="27"><li>If your country allows legal aid services through university-based student law clinics,</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>what type of legal aid services is a student authorized to undertake?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(Please select all that apply)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>There is no limitation; they have the same authority as lawyers</li><li>They can represent people in administrative or civil law hearings</li><li>They can provide primary legal aid (legal advice)</li><li>They can prepare legal documents</li><li>They can represent people in court in civil and criminal matters</li><li>They have the same authority as lawyers in criminal cases of low to mid gravity</li><li>They can provide a full range of legal services in criminal cases regardless of gravity</li><li>They can conduct mediation</li><li>They are authorized to provide only those services that a faculty member or practic-</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ing lawyer supervises</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Don’t know</li><li>Other (Please specify)______________________________________________________</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":28} -->
<ol start="28"><li>Are specialized legal aid services provided focusing on specific disadvantaged popu-</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>lation groups? If yes, please indicate to whom these services are provided, and whether</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>they are provided by State-funded legal aid, civil society organizations, or both.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(Please select all that apply)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>State funded</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>legal aid</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>CSOs</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>yy Persons with disabilities</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>*</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>yy Children</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>*</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>yy Women</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>*</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>yy The elderly</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>*</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>yy Migrants</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>*</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>yy Refugees, asylum seekers, or stateless persons</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>*</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>yy Internally displaced persons</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>*</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>208 209 Global Study on Legal Aid — Global Report Annex</h1>
<ul>
<li><p>They work in parallel to State funded private practitioners who take assignments to</p></li>
</ul>
<p>represent people eligible for legal aid</p>
<ul>
<li><p>They coordinate appointments of private practitioners (ex officio, or panel appoint-</p></li>
</ul>
<p>ments) to legal aid cases</p>
<ul>
<li><p>They supervise, coach or mentor private practitioners who take legal aid cases</p></li>
<li><p>They conduct or organize training sessions for staff lawyers/paralegals</p></li>
<li><p>They conduct or organize training sessions for all providers of legal aid, including</p></li>
</ul>
<p>both staff and private lawyers/paralegals</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Other (Please specify)______________________________________________________</p></li>
<li><p>Not applicable, there is no institutional legal aid provider</p></li>
</ul>
<ol start="23">
<li><p>If your country has an institutional legal aid provider (e.g. public defender), what is</p></li>
</ol>
<p>the maximum caseload per lawyer at one time?</p>
<p>_______ at the national (federal) level</p>
<p>_______ at the regional (district) level</p>
<p>_______ at the local (municipal) level</p>
<p>☐There is no such limitation</p>
<ol start="24">
<li><p>If your country has an institutional legal aid provider (e.g. public defender), do the</p></li>
</ol>
<p>staff lawyers coordinate to uniformly challenge common violations of national and</p>
<p>international due process rights and human rights?</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Yes, at the national (federal) level</p></li>
<li><p>Yes, at regional (district) level</p></li>
<li><p>Yes, at the local (municipal) level</p></li>
<li><p>No</p></li>
</ul>
<ol start="25">
<li><p>If your country has an institutional legal aid provider (e.g. public defender), does it</p></li>
</ol>
<p>have specialized providers and/or units for representing child victims, child witness-</p>
<p>es or suspected and accused children?</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Yes, at the national (federal) level</p></li>
<li><p>Yes, at regional (district) level</p></li>
<li><p>Yes, at the local (municipal) level</p></li>
<li><p>No</p></li>
</ul>
<ol start="26">
<li><p>If your country allows legal aid services through university-based student law clinics,</p></li>
</ol>
<p>are there national guidelines on how students are supervised in providing legal aid</p>
<p>services? (Please select all that apply)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Yes, there are specific guidelines for non-lawyers providing legal aid services</p></li>
<li><p>Yes, there are specific guidelines on faculty/student ratios</p></li>
<li><p>No, it is up to the discretion of each university</p></li>
<li><p>Don’t know</p></li>
<li><p>There are no university-based student law clinics</p></li>
</ul>
<ol start="27">
<li><p>If your country allows legal aid services through university-based student law clinics,</p></li>
</ol>
<p>what type of legal aid services is a student authorized to undertake?</p>
<p>(Please select all that apply)</p>
<ul>
<li><p>There is no limitation; they have the same authority as lawyers</p></li>
<li><p>They can represent people in administrative or civil law hearings</p></li>
<li><p>They can provide primary legal aid (legal advice)</p></li>
<li><p>They can prepare legal documents</p></li>
<li><p>They can represent people in court in civil and criminal matters</p></li>
<li><p>They have the same authority as lawyers in criminal cases of low to mid gravity</p></li>
<li><p>They can provide a full range of legal services in criminal cases regardless of gravity</p></li>
<li><p>They can conduct mediation</p></li>
<li><p>They are authorized to provide only those services that a faculty member or practic-</p></li>
</ul>
<p>ing lawyer supervises</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Don’t know</p></li>
<li><p>Other (Please specify)______________________________________________________</p></li>
</ul>
<ol start="28">
<li><p>Are specialized legal aid services provided focusing on specific disadvantaged popu-</p></li>
</ol>
<p>lation groups? If yes, please indicate to whom these services are provided, and whether</p>
<p>they are provided by State-funded legal aid, civil society organizations, or both.</p>
<p>(Please select all that apply)</p>
<h2>State funded</h2>
<p>legal aid</p>
<h2>CSOs</h2>
<p>yy Persons with disabilities</p>
<ul>
<li><p>*</p></li>
</ul>
<p>yy Children</p>
<ul>
<li><p>*</p></li>
</ul>
<p>yy Women</p>
<ul>
<li><p>*</p></li>
</ul>
<p>yy The elderly</p>
<ul>
<li><p>*</p></li>
</ul>
<p>yy Migrants</p>
<ul>
<li><p>*</p></li>
</ul>
<p>yy Refugees, asylum seekers, or stateless persons</p>
<ul>
<li><p>*</p></li>
</ul>
<p>yy Internally displaced persons</p>
<ul>
<li><p>*</p></li>
</ul></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

MinerU small OCR document

453816 bytes | opendatalab/MinerU demo/pdfs/small_ocr.pdf

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Eight-page MinerU scan with no usable painted native text. The fully decoded source is classified unsupported_no_text with OCR outside scope; all eight pages receive browser raster requests, and the absent static page representations must never become a successful empty editable import.

Converted representations
WP blocksfailed
unsupported_no_text: PDF conversion produced no visible text, page asset, or placeholder.
unsupported_no_text: PDF conversion produced no visible text, page asset, or placeholder.
PHP HTMLfailed
unsupported_no_text: PDF conversion produced no visible text, page asset, or placeholder.
unsupported_no_text: PDF conversion produced no visible text, page asset, or placeholder.
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Theatre script formatting example

169483 bytes | Victorian Drama League / Australian Script Centre script format example

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

A real theatre-format sample with character cues, dialogue, hanging continuations, and stage directions.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Script formatting example p.1</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>SCRIPT FORMAT EXAMPLE</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>There are a number of different ways that you can format a theatre script. The example below is a standard formatting and one that we like. (Note that theatre scripts and film scripts are usually formatted in different ways.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If you have already written your play and your formatting is different from this, don’t panic. Formatting for the theatre is flexible up to a point. As long as there is a clear differentiation between stage directions and dialogue, and the script is easy to read and carefully proofread, it may well be acceptable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Don’t forget to put your name and contact details on the cover page.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>ACT ONE</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>SCENE 1</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stage directions are usually given in italics. Some writers put them in UPPER CASE ITALICS. OTHERS JUST PUT THEM IN UPPER CASE. The main idea is to differentiate them clearly from the dialogue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br/>Dialogue is written in sentence case. Character names are given in upper case – again to differentiate them clearly from the spoken dialogue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 2</strong><br/>It’s a good idea to set a second-line tab so that dialogue always begins on the same vertical line. This makes it clearer and easier for actors to read.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br/>Dialogue is usually double-spaced between each character’s speech, but single-spaced within a character’s speech. This again makes it easier for the actors to differentiate between characters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 2</strong><br/>Left align everything. Don’t right hand justify the document.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br/>Use a font like Times New Roman or Arial. Fonts like Courier New and Arial Narrow are hard to read, and fancy fonts are just a nuisance. Remember that this is a working document and must be easy for actors and directors to use.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Pause</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 2</strong><br/>If you need to write in a pause, it should go in italics or upper case, the same as other stage directions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br/>(to herself) Brief stage directions that specifically apply to one character can be put in the dialogue like this.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>© Australian Script Centre 2004</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Script formatting example p.2</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>SCENE 2</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It’s a good idea to keep stage directions to a minimum. Directors and actors need the space to put their own interpretations on what you have written. So forget about directions like ‘she picks up a glass of wine’ or ‘he smiles sadly’ unless it is integral to the action of the play. They just annoy the director.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 3</strong><br/>Don’t forget to paginate your script. It’s also a good idea to put the name of the script on each page as part of the header – in slightly smaller print than the dialogue.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br/>Some writers also like to put their name and the copyright symbol © on each page as a footer. You don’t need to do this. Your play is protected by copyright whether you put the copyright symbol on it or not.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 3</strong><br/>Leave a decent margin. And of course only use one side of A4 paper.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br/>Proofread your finished script carefully AFTER you print it out and BEFORE you send it to us. Check spellings, punctuation, line spacings etc. Your play doesn’t have to be grammatically correct – and you might choose not to use standard punctuation – but it DOES need to be consistent. Poor proofreading suggests a lack of professionalism.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>CHARACTER 2</strong><br/>When you submit a play script to a theatre company or a script development organisation, don’t staple it or bind it. Use a simple bulldog clip that can be easily removed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>THE END</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>© Australian Script Centre 2004</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Script formatting example p.1</h1>
<h2>SCRIPT FORMAT EXAMPLE</h2>
<p>There are a number of different ways that you can format a theatre script. The example below is a standard formatting and one that we like. (Note that theatre scripts and film scripts are usually formatted in different ways.)</p>
<p>If you have already written your play and your formatting is different from this, don’t panic. Formatting for the theatre is flexible up to a point. As long as there is a clear differentiation between stage directions and dialogue, and the script is easy to read and carefully proofread, it may well be acceptable.</p>
<p>Don’t forget to put your name and contact details on the cover page.</p>
<h2>ACT ONE</h2>
<h2>SCENE 1</h2>
<p>Stage directions are usually given in italics. Some writers put them in UPPER CASE ITALICS. OTHERS JUST PUT THEM IN UPPER CASE. The main idea is to differentiate them clearly from the dialogue.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br />
Dialogue is written in sentence case. Character names are given in upper case – again to differentiate them clearly from the spoken dialogue.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 2</strong><br />
It’s a good idea to set a second-line tab so that dialogue always begins on the same vertical line. This makes it clearer and easier for actors to read.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br />
Dialogue is usually double-spaced between each character’s speech, but single-spaced within a character’s speech. This again makes it easier for the actors to differentiate between characters.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 2</strong><br />
Left align everything. Don’t right hand justify the document.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br />
Use a font like Times New Roman or Arial. Fonts like Courier New and Arial Narrow are hard to read, and fancy fonts are just a nuisance. Remember that this is a working document and must be easy for actors and directors to use.</p>
<h2>Pause</h2>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 2</strong><br />
If you need to write in a pause, it should go in italics or upper case, the same as other stage directions.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br />
(to herself) Brief stage directions that specifically apply to one character can be put in the dialogue like this.</p>
<p>© Australian Script Centre 2004</p>
<p>Script formatting example p.2</p>
<h2>SCENE 2</h2>
<p>It’s a good idea to keep stage directions to a minimum. Directors and actors need the space to put their own interpretations on what you have written. So forget about directions like ‘she picks up a glass of wine’ or ‘he smiles sadly’ unless it is integral to the action of the play. They just annoy the director.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 3</strong><br />
Don’t forget to paginate your script. It’s also a good idea to put the name of the script on each page as part of the header – in slightly smaller print than the dialogue.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br />
Some writers also like to put their name and the copyright symbol © on each page as a footer. You don’t need to do this. Your play is protected by copyright whether you put the copyright symbol on it or not.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 3</strong><br />
Leave a decent margin. And of course only use one side of A4 paper.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 1</strong><br />
Proofread your finished script carefully AFTER you print it out and BEFORE you send it to us. Check spellings, punctuation, line spacings etc. Your play doesn’t have to be grammatically correct – and you might choose not to use standard punctuation – but it DOES need to be consistent. Poor proofreading suggests a lack of professionalism.</p>
<p><strong>CHARACTER 2</strong><br />
When you submit a play script to a theatre company or a script development organisation, don’t staple it or bind it. Use a simple bulldog clip that can be easily removed.</p>
<h2>THE END</h2>
<p>© Australian Script Centre 2004</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Unstructured rotated-page fixture

1103 bytes | Unstructured example-docs/rotated-page-90.pdf

%PDF-1.3
%¿÷¢þ
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<< /OpenAction [ 3 0 R /FitH null ] /PageLayout /OneColumn /Pages 4 0 R /Type /Catalog >>
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<< /CreationDate (D:20260407162534Z) >>
endobj
3 0 obj
<< /Contents 5 0 R /MediaBox 6 0 R /Parent 4 0 R /Resources 7 0 R /Rotate 90 /Type /Page >>
endobj
4 0 obj
<< /Count 1 /Kids [ 3 0 R ] /Type /Pages >>
endobj
5 0 obj
<< /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 135 >>
stream
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<< /Font << /F1 8 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] >>
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<< /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /Subtype /Type1 /Type /Font >>
endobj
xref
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trailer << /Info 2 0 R /Root 1 0 R /Size 9 /ID [<e2ebc7683aef2ad80c0576086157aca3><714a94e24ca8cc0a9fc963581e05e875>] >>
startxref
773
%%EOF

Download original file

Minimal page-rotation fixture exercising transformed text coordinates.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Hello World Test Text</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Second line of text here</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Rotated page fixture</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Hello World Test Text</h1>
<p>Second line of text here</p>
<h2>Rotated page fixture</h2></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Unstructured emphasis fixture

16576 bytes | Unstructured example-docs/pdf/emphasis-text.pdf

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Inline bold and italic runs that must not create false word spaces or paragraph boundaries.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Test bold.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Italic. Now Italic and bold.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>Test bold.</p>
<p>Italic. Now Italic and bold.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

IRS Form W-4 PDF

208845 bytes | Internal Revenue Service Form W-4 PDF

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Real IRS fillable tax form with labels, headings, instructions, form-style layout, and bounded extraction runtime.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Employee’s Withholding Certificate</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Form W-4</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Complete Form W-4 so that your employer can withhold the correct federal income tax from your pay.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Department of the Treasury</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Internal Revenue Service</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Give Form W-4 to your employer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Your withholding is subject to review by the IRS. (a) First name and middle initial</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Last name</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 1:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Enter</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Personal</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Information</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Address</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>City or town, state, and ZIP code</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(c) Single or Married filing separately Married filing jointly or Qualifying surviving spouse Head of household (Check only if you’re unmarried and pay more than half the costs of keeping up a home for yourself and a qualifying individual.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">OMB No. 1545-0074</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(b) Social security number</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Does your name match the name on your social security card? If not, to ensure you get credit for your earnings, contact SSA at 800-772-1213 or go to www.ssa.gov.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Caution: To claim certain credits or deductions on your tax return, you (and/or your spouse if married filing jointly) are required to have a social security number valid for employment. See page 2 for more information.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>TIP: Consider using the estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App to determine the most accurate withholding for the rest of the year if you: are completing this form after the beginning of the year; expect to work only part of the year; or have changes during the year in your marital status, number of jobs for you (and/or your spouse if married filing jointly), dependents, other income (not from jobs), deductions, or credits. Have your most recent pay stub(s) from this year available when using the estimator. At the beginning of next year, use the estimator again to recheck your withholding.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Complete Steps 2–4 ONLY if they apply to you; otherwise, skip to Step 5. See page 2 for more information on each step, who can claim exemption from withholding, and when to use the estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 2:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Complete this step if you (1) hold more than one job at a time, or (2) are married filing jointly and your spouse also works. The correct amount of withholding depends on income earned from all of these jobs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Multiple Jobs</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>or Spouse</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Works</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Do only one of the following.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(a) Use the estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App for the most accurate withholding for this step (and Steps 3–4). If you or your spouse have self-employment income, use this option; or</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(b) Use the Multiple Jobs Worksheet on page 3 and enter the result in Step 4(c) below; or</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(c) If there are only two jobs total, you may check this box. Do the same on Form W-4 for the other job. This option is generally more accurate than Step 2(b) if pay at the lower paying job is more than half of the pay at the higher paying job. Otherwise, Step 2(b) is more accurate...............</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Complete Steps 3–4(b) on Form W-4 for only ONE of these jobs. Leave those steps blank for the other jobs. (Your withholding will be most accurate if you complete Steps 3–4(b) on the Form W-4 for the highest paying job.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 3:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If your total income will be $200,000 or less ($400,000 or less if married filing jointly):</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Claim</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Dependent</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>and Other</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Credits</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(a) Multiply the number of qualifying children under age 17 by</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>$2,200..................</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(b) Multiply the number of other dependents by $500... Add the amounts from Steps 3(a) and 3(b), plus the amount for other credits. Enter the total here..........................</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 4:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(a) Other income (not from jobs). If you want tax withheld for other income you expect this year that won’t have withholding, enter the amount of other income here.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Other</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This may include interest, dividends, and retirement income........</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Adjustments</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(b) Deductions. Use the Deductions Worksheet on page 4 to determine the amount of deductions you may claim, which will reduce your withholding. (If you skip this line, your withholding will be based on the standard deduction.) Enter the result here..</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Exempt from</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>withholding</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>I claim exemption from withholding for 2026, and I certify that I meet both of the conditions for exemption for 2026. See Exemption from withholding on page 2. I understand I will need to submit a new Form W-4 for 2027.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 5:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Under penalties of perjury, I declare that this certificate, to the best of my knowledge and belief, is true, correct, and complete.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Sign</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Here</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Employee’s signature (This form is not valid unless you sign it.)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Only</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see page 4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Date</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">First date of</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>employment</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Employer identification</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>number (EIN)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Cat. No. 10220Q</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Form W-4 (2026) Created 12/8/25</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>2026</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>3(a) $</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>3(b) $</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>3 $</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>4(a) $</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>4(b) $</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>(c) Extra withholding. Enter any additional tax you want withheld each pay period.. 4(c) $</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Employers</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Employer’s name and address</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General Instructions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise noted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Future Developments</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For the latest information about developments related to Form W-4, such as legislation enacted after it was published, go to www.irs.gov/FormW4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Purpose of Form</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Complete Form W-4 so that your employer can withhold the correct federal income tax from your pay. If too little is withheld, you will generally owe tax when you file your tax return and may owe a penalty. If too much is withheld, you will generally be due a refund. Complete a new Form W-4 when changes to your personal or financial situation would change the entries on the form. For more information on withholding and when you must furnish a new Form W-4, see Pub. 505, Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Exemption from withholding. You may claim exemption from withholding for 2026 if you meet both of the following conditions: you had no federal income tax liability in 2025 and you expect to have no federal income tax liability in 2026. You had no federal income tax liability in 2025 if (1) your total tax on line 24 on your 2025 Form 1040 or 1040-SR is zero (or less than the sum of lines 27a, 28, 29, and 30), or (2) you were not required to file a return because your income was below the filing threshold for your correct filing status. If you claim exemption, you will have no income tax withheld from your paycheck and may owe taxes and penalties when you file your 2026 tax return. To claim exemption from withholding, certify that you meet both of the conditions by checking the box in the Exempt from withholding section. Then, complete Steps 1(a), 1(b), and 5. Do not complete any other steps. You will need to submit a new Form W-4 by February 16, 2027.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Your privacy. Steps 2(c) and 4(a) ask for information regarding income you received from sources other than the job associated with this Form W-4. If you have concerns with providing the information asked for in Step 2(c), you may choose Step 2(b) as an alternative; if you have concerns with providing the information asked for in Step 4(a), you may enter an additional amount you want withheld per pay period in Step 4(c) as an alternative.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When to use the estimator. Consider using the estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App if you:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Are submitting this form after the beginning of the year;</li><li>Expect to work only part of the year;</li><li>Have changes during the year in your marital status, number of jobs for you (and/or your spouse if married filing jointly), or number of dependents, or changes in your deductions or credits;</li><li>Receive dividends, capital gains, social security, bonuses, or business income, or are subject to the Additional Medicare Tax or Net Investment Income Tax; or</li><li>Prefer the most accurate withholding for multiple job situations.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>TIP: Have your most recent pay stub(s) from this year available when using the estimator to account for federal income tax that has already been withheld this year. At the beginning of next year, use the estimator again to recheck your withholding.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Self-employment. Generally, you will owe both income and self-employment taxes on any self-employment income you receive separate from the wages you receive as an employee. If you want to pay these taxes through withholding from your wages, use the estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App to figure the amount to have withheld.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Nonresident alien. If you’re a nonresident alien, see Notice 1392, Supplemental Form W-4 Instructions for Nonresident Aliens, before completing this form.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Specific Instructions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 1(c). Check your anticipated filing status. This will determine the standard deduction and tax rates used to compute your withholding.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 2. Use this step if you (1) have more than one job at the same time, or (2) are married filing jointly and you and your spouse both work. Submit a separate Form W-4 for each job.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Option (a) most accurately calculates the additional tax you need to have withheld, while option (b) does so with a little less accuracy.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead, if you (and your spouse) have a total of only two jobs, you may check the box in option (c). The box must also be checked on the Form W-4 for the other job. If the box is checked, the standard deduction and tax brackets will be cut in half for each job to calculate withholding. This option is accurate for jobs with similar pay; otherwise, more tax than necessary may be withheld, and this extra amount of tax withheld will be larger the greater the difference in pay is between the two jobs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Multiple jobs. Complete Steps 3 through 4(b) on only one Form W-4. Withholding will be most accurate if you</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>▲</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>do this on the Form W-4 for the highest paying job.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 3. This step provides instructions for determining the amount of the child tax credit and the credit for other dependents that you may be able to claim when you file your tax return. To qualify for the child tax credit, the child must be under age 17 as of December 31, must be your dependent who generally lives with you for more than half the year, and must have the required social security number. You (and/or your spouse if married filing jointly) must have the required social security number to claim certain credits. You may be able to claim a credit for other dependents for whom a child tax credit can’t be claimed, such as an older child or a qualifying relative. For additional eligibility requirements for these credits, see Pub. 501, Dependents, Standard Deduction, and Filing Information. You can also include other tax credits for which you are eligible in this step, such as the foreign tax credit and the education tax credits. To do so, add an estimate of the amount for the year to your credits for dependents and enter the total amount in Step 3. Including these credits will increase your paycheck and reduce the amount of any refund you may receive when you file your tax return.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 4(a). Enter in this step the total of your other estimated income for the year, if any. You shouldn’t include income from any jobs or self-employment. If you complete Step 4(a), you likely won’t have to make estimated tax payments for that income. If you prefer to pay estimated tax rather than having tax on other income withheld from your paycheck, see Form 1040-ES, Estimated Tax for Individuals.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Step 4(b). Enter in this step the amount from the Deductions Worksheet, line 15, if you expect to claim deductions other than the basic standard deduction on your 2026 tax return and want to reduce your withholding to account for these deductions. This includes both itemized deductions and other deductions such as for qualified tips, overtime compensation, and passenger vehicle loan interest; student loan interest; IRAs; and seniors. You (and/or your spouse if married filing jointly) must have the required social security number to claim certain deductions. For additional eligibility requirements, see Pub. 501.</p>
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<p>Step 4(c). Enter in this step any additional tax you want withheld from your pay each pay period, including any amounts from the Multiple Jobs Worksheet, line 4. Entering an amount here will reduce your paycheck and will either increase your refund or reduce any amount of tax that you owe when you file your tax return.</p>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">Page 2</p>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">Form W-4 (2026)</p>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">CAUTION</p>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">Form W-4 (2026)</p>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">Page 3</p>
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<p>Step 2(b)—Multiple Jobs Worksheet (Keep for your records.)</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/pdf/image-32.png" alt="" title="PDF image 32" data-pandoc-width="19.9979pt" data-pandoc-height="19.8564pt" style="width:19.9979pt; height:19.8564pt" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="32" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/png" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="2374" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p3-n1-o32" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p3-n1-o32" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="424" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="421" data-pandoc-pdf-page="3" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="554.3999939" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="722.1085205" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="574.3979187" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="741.9649506" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2374" data-pandoc-media-sha1="db35bf6ca4afd105d279c777412328a726b831c8" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="69f9ecc824d27e9e19eab1600ec5d5fc2eb8028a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<p>If you choose the option in Step 2(b) on Form W-4, complete this worksheet (which calculates the total extra tax for all jobs) on only ONE Form W-4. Withholding will be most accurate if you complete the worksheet and enter the result on the Form W-4 for the highest paying job. To be accurate, submit a new Form W-4 for all other jobs if you have not updated your withholding since 2019. Note: If more than one job has annual wages of more than $120,000 or there are more than three jobs, see Pub. 505 for additional tables; or, you can use the online withholding estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App.</p>
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<p>1 Two jobs. If you have two jobs or you’re married filing jointly and you and your spouse each have one job, find the amount from the appropriate table on page 5. Using the “Higher Paying Job” row and the “Lower Paying Job” column, find the value at the intersection of the two household salaries and enter that value on line 1. Then, skip to line 3..................... 1 $</p>
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<p>2 Three jobs. If you and/or your spouse have three jobs at the same time, complete lines 2a, 2b, and 2c below. Otherwise, skip to line 3.</p>
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<p>a Find the amount from the appropriate table on page 5 using the annual wages from the highest paying job in the “Higher Paying Job” row and the annual wages for your next highest paying job in the “Lower Paying Job” column. Find the value at the intersection of the two household salaries and enter that value on line 2a....................... 2a $</p>
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<p>b Add the annual wages of the two highest paying jobs from line 2a together and use the total as the wages in the “Higher Paying Job” row and use the annual wages for your third job in the “Lower Paying Job” column to find the amount from the appropriate table on page 5 and enter this amount on line 2b............................. 2b $</p>
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<p>c Add the amounts from lines 2a and 2b and enter the result on line 2c.......... 2c $</p>
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<p>3 Enter the number of pay periods per year for the highest paying job. For example, if that job pays weekly, enter 52; if it pays every other week, enter 26; if it pays monthly, enter 12, etc...... 3</p>
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<p>4 Divide the annual amount on line 1 or line 2c by the number of pay periods on line 3. Enter this amount here and in Step 4(c) of Form W-4 for the highest paying job (plus any other additional amount you want withheld)......................... 4 $</p>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">Form W-4 (2026)</p>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">Page 4</p>
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<p>Step 4(b)—Deductions Worksheet (Keep for your records.) See the Instructions for Schedule 1-A (Form 1040) for more information about whether you qualify for the deductions on lines 1a, 1b, 1c, 3a, and 3b. 1 Deductions for qualified tips, overtime compensation, and passenger vehicle loan interest. a Qualified tips. If your total income is less than $150,000 ($300,000 if married filing jointly), enter an estimate of your qualified tips up to $25,000................. 1a $</p>
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<p>b Qualified overtime compensation. If your total income is less than $150,000 ($300,000 if married filing jointly), enter an estimate of your qualified overtime compensation up to $12,500 ($25,000 if married filing jointly) of the “and-a-half” portion of time-and-a-half compensation...... 1b $</p>
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<p>c Qualified passenger vehicle loan interest. If your total income is less than $100,000 ($200,000 if married filing jointly), enter an estimate of your qualified passenger vehicle loan interest up to $10,000 1c $</p>
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<p>2 Add lines 1a, 1b, and 1c. Enter the result here................... 2 $</p>
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<p>3 Seniors age 65 or older. If your total income is less than $75,000 ($150,000 if married filing jointly): a Enter $6,000 if you are age 65 or older before the end of the year........... 3a $</p>
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<p>b Enter $6,000 if your spouse is age 65 or older before the end of the year and has a social security number valid for employment....................... 3b $</p>
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<p>4 Add lines 3a and 3b. Enter the result here.................... 4 $</p>
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<p>5 Enter an estimate of your student loan interest, deductible IRA contributions, educator expenses, alimony paid, and certain other adjustments from Schedule 1 (Form 1040), Part II. See Pub. 505 for more information............................ 5 $</p>
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<p>6 Itemized deductions. Enter an estimate of your 2026 itemized deductions from Schedule A (Form 1040). Such deductions may include qualifying: a Medical and dental expenses. Enter expenses in excess of 7.5% (0.075) of your total income. 6a $</p>
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<p>b State and local taxes. If your total income is less than $505,000 ($252,500 if married filing separately), enter state and local taxes paid up to $40,400 ($20,200 if married filing separately). 6b $</p>
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<p>c Home mortgage interest. If your home acquisition debt is less than $750,000 ($375,000 if married filing separately), enter your home mortgage interest expense (including mortgage insurance premiums).......................... 6c $</p>
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<p>d Gifts to charities. Enter contributions in excess of 0.5% (0.005) of your total income.... 6d $</p>
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<p>e Other itemized deductions. Enter the amount for other itemized deductions....... 6e $</p>
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<p>7 Add lines 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, and 6e. Enter the result here................ 7 $</p>
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<p>8 Limitation on itemized deductions. a Enter your total income......................... 8a $</p>
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<p>b Subtract line 4 from line 8a. If line 4 is greater than line 8a, enter -0- here and on line 10. Skip line 9 8b $</p>
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<p>9 Enter: {</p>
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<ul><li>$768,700 if you’re married filing jointly or a qualifying surviving spouse</li><li>$640,600 if you’re single or head of household</li><li>$384,350 if you’re married filing separately }</li></ul>
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<p>..... 9 $</p>
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<p>10 If line 9 is greater than line 8b, enter the amount from line 7. Otherwise, multiply line 7 by 94% (0.94) and enter the result here.......................... 10 $</p>
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<p>11 Standard deduction.</p>
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<p>Enter: {</p>
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<ul><li>$32,200 if you’re married filing jointly or a qualifying surviving spouse</li><li>$24,150 if you’re head of household</li><li>$16,100 if you’re single or married filing separately }</li></ul>
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<p>..... 11 $</p>
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<p>12 Cash gifts to charities. If you take the standard deduction, enter cash contributions up to $1,000 ($2,000 if married filing jointly)........................ 12 $</p>
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<p>13 Add lines 11 and 12. Enter the result here.................... 13 $</p>
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<p>14 If line 10 is greater than line 13, subtract line 11 from line 10 and enter the result here. If line 13 is greater than line 10, enter the amount from line 12................. 14 $</p>
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<p>15 Add lines 2, 4, 5, and 14. Enter the result here and in Step 4(b) of Form W-4......... 15 $</p>
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<p>Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice. We ask for the information on this form to carry out the Internal Revenue laws of the United States. Internal Revenue Code sections 3402(f)(2) and 6109 and their regulations require you to provide this information; your employer uses it to determine your federal income tax withholding. Failure to provide a properly completed form will result in your being treated as a single person with no other entries on the form; providing fraudulent information may subject you to penalties. Routine uses of this information include giving it to the Department of Justice for civil and criminal litigation; to cities, states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. commonwealths and territories for use in administering their tax laws; and to the Department of Health and Human Services for use in the National Directory of New Hires. We may also disclose this information to other countries under a tax treaty, to federal and state agencies to enforce federal nontax criminal laws, or to federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies to combat terrorism.</p>
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<p>You are not required to provide the information requested on a form that is subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act unless the form displays a valid OMB control number. Books or records relating to a form or its instructions must be retained as long as their contents may become material in the administration of any Internal Revenue law. Generally, tax returns and return information are confidential, as required by Code section 6103. The average time and expenses required to complete and file this form will vary depending on individual circumstances. For estimated averages, see the instructions for your income tax return. If you have suggestions for making this form simpler, we would be happy to hear from you. See the instructions for your income tax return.</p>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">Form W-4 (2026)</p>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">Page 5</p>
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<p>Married Filing Jointly or Qualifying Surviving Spouse</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Higher Paying Job Annual Taxable</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th>Lower Paying Job Annual Taxable Wage &amp; Salary</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Wage &amp; Salary</td><td>$0 -</td><td>$10,000 - $20,000 - $30,000 - $40,000 - $50,000 - $60,000 - $70,000 - $80,000 - $90,000 - $100,000 - $110,000 -</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>9,999</td><td>19,999</td><td>29,999</td><td>39,999</td><td>49,999</td><td>59,999</td><td>69,999</td><td>79,999</td><td>89,999</td><td>99,999</td><td>109,999</td><td>120,000</td></tr><tr><td>$0 - 9,999</td><td>$0</td><td>$0</td><td>$480</td><td>$850</td><td>$850</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td></tr><tr><td>$10,000 - 19,999</td><td>0</td><td>480</td><td>1,480</td><td>1,850</td><td>2,050</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,620</td></tr><tr><td>$20,000 - 29,999</td><td>480</td><td>1,480</td><td>2,480</td><td>3,050</td><td>3,250</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,820</td><td>4,820</td></tr><tr><td>$30,000 - 39,999</td><td>850</td><td>1,850</td><td>3,050</td><td>3,620</td><td>3,820</td><td>3,990</td><td>3,990</td><td>3,990</td><td>3,990</td><td>4,390</td><td>5,390</td><td>6,390</td></tr><tr><td>$40,000 - 49,999</td><td>850</td><td>2,050</td><td>3,250</td><td>3,820</td><td>4,020</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,590</td><td>5,590</td><td>6,590</td><td>7,590</td></tr><tr><td>$50,000 - 59,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,220</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,990</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,360</td><td>4,360</td><td>4,760</td><td>5,760</td><td>6,760</td><td>7,760</td><td>8,760</td></tr><tr><td>$60,000 - 69,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,220</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,990</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,360</td><td>4,760</td><td>5,760</td><td>6,760</td><td>7,760</td><td>8,760</td><td>9,760</td></tr><tr><td>$70,000 - 79,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,220</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,990</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,760</td><td>5,760</td><td>6,760</td><td>7,760</td><td>8,760</td><td>9,760</td><td>10,760</td></tr><tr><td>$80,000 - 99,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,220</td><td>3,420</td><td>4,240</td><td>5,440</td><td>6,610</td><td>7,610</td><td>8,610</td><td>9,610</td><td>10,610</td><td>11,610</td><td>12,610</td></tr><tr><td>$100,000 - 149,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>4,070</td><td>6,270</td><td>7,840</td><td>9,040</td><td>10,210</td><td>11,210</td><td>12,210</td><td>13,210</td><td>14,210</td><td>15,360</td><td>16,560</td></tr><tr><td>$150,000 - 239,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>4,100</td><td>6,500</td><td>8,270</td><td>9,670</td><td>11,040</td><td>12,240</td><td>13,440</td><td>14,640</td><td>15,840</td><td>17,040</td><td>18,240</td></tr><tr><td>$240,000 - 319,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,440</td><td>6,840</td><td>8,610</td><td>10,010</td><td>11,380</td><td>12,580</td><td>13,780</td><td>14,980</td><td>16,180</td><td>17,380</td><td>18,580</td></tr><tr><td>$320,000 - 364,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,440</td><td>6,840</td><td>8,610</td><td>10,010</td><td>11,380</td><td>12,580</td><td>13,860</td><td>15,860</td><td>17,860</td><td>19,860</td><td>21,860</td></tr><tr><td>$365,000 - 524,999</td><td>2,720</td><td>5,920</td><td>9,390</td><td>12,260</td><td>14,760</td><td>17,230</td><td>19,530</td><td>21,830</td><td>24,130</td><td>26,430</td><td>28,730</td><td>31,030</td></tr><tr><td>$525,000 and over</td><td>3,140</td><td>6,840</td><td>10,540</td><td>13,610</td><td>16,310</td><td>18,980</td><td>21,480</td><td>23,980</td><td>26,480</td><td>28,980</td><td>31,480</td><td>33,990</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">Single or Married Filing Separately</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Higher Paying Job Annual Taxable</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th>Lower Paying Job Annual Taxable Wage &amp; Salary</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Wage &amp; Salary</td><td>$0 -</td><td>$10,000 - $20,000 - $30,000 - $40,000 - $50,000 - $60,000 - $70,000 - $80,000 - $90,000 - $100,000 - $110,000 -</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>9,999</td><td>19,999</td><td>29,999</td><td>39,999</td><td>49,999</td><td>59,999</td><td>69,999</td><td>79,999</td><td>89,999</td><td>99,999</td><td>109,999</td><td>120,000</td></tr><tr><td>$0 - 9,999</td><td>$90</td><td>$850</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,070</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,970</td></tr><tr><td>$10,000 - 19,999</td><td>850</td><td>1,780</td><td>1,980</td><td>1,980</td><td>2,030</td><td>3,030</td><td>3,830</td><td>3,830</td><td>3,830</td><td>3,830</td><td>3,930</td><td>4,130</td></tr><tr><td>$20,000 - 29,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>1,980</td><td>2,180</td><td>2,230</td><td>3,230</td><td>4,230</td><td>5,030</td><td>5,030</td><td>5,030</td><td>5,130</td><td>5,330</td><td>5,530</td></tr><tr><td>$30,000 - 39,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>1,980</td><td>2,230</td><td>3,230</td><td>4,230</td><td>5,230</td><td>6,030</td><td>6,030</td><td>6,130</td><td>6,330</td><td>6,530</td><td>6,730</td></tr><tr><td>$40,000 - 59,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,880</td><td>4,080</td><td>5,080</td><td>6,080</td><td>7,080</td><td>7,950</td><td>8,150</td><td>8,350</td><td>8,550</td><td>8,750</td><td>8,950</td></tr><tr><td>$60,000 - 79,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>3,830</td><td>5,030</td><td>6,030</td><td>7,100</td><td>8,300</td><td>9,300</td><td>9,500</td><td>9,700</td><td>9,900</td><td>10,100</td><td>10,300</td></tr><tr><td>$80,000 - 99,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>3,830</td><td>5,100</td><td>6,300</td><td>7,500</td><td>8,700</td><td>9,700</td><td>9,900</td><td>10,100</td><td>10,300</td><td>10,500</td><td>10,700</td></tr><tr><td>$100,000 - 124,999</td><td>2,030</td><td>4,190</td><td>5,590</td><td>6,790</td><td>7,990</td><td>9,190</td><td>10,190</td><td>10,390</td><td>10,590</td><td>10,940</td><td>11,940</td><td>12,940</td></tr><tr><td>$125,000 - 149,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,200</td><td>5,600</td><td>6,800</td><td>8,000</td><td>9,200</td><td>10,200</td><td>10,950</td><td>11,950</td><td>12,950</td><td>13,950</td><td>14,950</td></tr><tr><td>$150,000 - 174,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,200</td><td>5,600</td><td>6,800</td><td>8,150</td><td>10,150</td><td>11,950</td><td>12,950</td><td>13,950</td><td>14,950</td><td>16,170</td><td>17,470</td></tr><tr><td>$175,000 - 199,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,200</td><td>6,150</td><td>8,150</td><td>10,150</td><td>12,150</td><td>13,950</td><td>15,020</td><td>16,320</td><td>17,620</td><td>18,920</td><td>20,220</td></tr><tr><td>$200,000 - 249,999</td><td>2,720</td><td>5,680</td><td>7,880</td><td>10,140</td><td>12,440</td><td>14,740</td><td>16,840</td><td>18,140</td><td>19,440</td><td>20,740</td><td>22,040</td><td>23,340</td></tr><tr><td>$250,000 - 449,999</td><td>2,970</td><td>6,230</td><td>8,730</td><td>11,030</td><td>13,330</td><td>15,630</td><td>17,730</td><td>19,030</td><td>20,330</td><td>21,630</td><td>22,930</td><td>24,240</td></tr><tr><td>$450,000 and over</td><td>3,140</td><td>6,600</td><td>9,300</td><td>11,800</td><td>14,300</td><td>16,800</td><td>19,100</td><td>20,600</td><td>22,100</td><td>23,600</td><td>25,100</td><td>26,610</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p class="pdf-layout-label">Head of Household</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Higher Paying Job Annual Taxable</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th>Lower Paying Job Annual Taxable Wage &amp; Salary</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Wage &amp; Salary</td><td>$0 -</td><td>$10,000 - $20,000 - $30,000 - $40,000 - $50,000 - $60,000 - $70,000 - $80,000 - $90,000 - $100,000 - $110,000 -</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>9,999</td><td>19,999</td><td>29,999</td><td>39,999</td><td>49,999</td><td>59,999</td><td>69,999</td><td>79,999</td><td>89,999</td><td>99,999</td><td>109,999</td><td>120,000</td></tr><tr><td>$0 - 9,999</td><td>$0</td><td>$280</td><td>$850</td><td>$950</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,560</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td></tr><tr><td>$10,000 - 19,999</td><td>280</td><td>1,280</td><td>1,950</td><td>2,150</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,760</td><td>3,760</td><td>4,070</td><td>4,070</td><td>4,210</td></tr><tr><td>$20,000 - 29,999</td><td>850</td><td>1,950</td><td>2,720</td><td>2,920</td><td>2,980</td><td>2,980</td><td>3,520</td><td>4,520</td><td>5,520</td><td>5,830</td><td>5,980</td><td>6,180</td></tr><tr><td>$30,000 - 39,999</td><td>950</td><td>2,150</td><td>2,920</td><td>3,120</td><td>3,180</td><td>3,720</td><td>4,720</td><td>5,720</td><td>6,720</td><td>7,180</td><td>7,380</td><td>7,580</td></tr><tr><td>$40,000 - 59,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,980</td><td>3,570</td><td>4,640</td><td>5,640</td><td>6,640</td><td>7,750</td><td>8,950</td><td>9,460</td><td>9,660</td><td>9,860</td></tr><tr><td>$60,000 - 79,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,610</td><td>4,370</td><td>5,570</td><td>6,640</td><td>7,750</td><td>8,950</td><td>10,150</td><td>11,350</td><td>11,860</td><td>12,060</td><td>12,260</td></tr><tr><td>$80,000 - 99,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>4,070</td><td>5,830</td><td>7,150</td><td>8,410</td><td>9,610</td><td>10,810</td><td>12,010</td><td>13,210</td><td>13,720</td><td>13,920</td><td>14,120</td></tr><tr><td>$100,000 - 124,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>4,270</td><td>6,230</td><td>7,630</td><td>8,900</td><td>10,100</td><td>11,300</td><td>12,500</td><td>13,700</td><td>14,210</td><td>14,720</td><td>15,720</td></tr><tr><td>$125,000 - 149,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,440</td><td>6,400</td><td>7,800</td><td>9,070</td><td>10,270</td><td>11,470</td><td>12,670</td><td>14,580</td><td>15,890</td><td>16,890</td><td>17,890</td></tr><tr><td>$150,000 - 174,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,440</td><td>6,400</td><td>7,800</td><td>9,070</td><td>10,580</td><td>12,580</td><td>14,580</td><td>16,580</td><td>17,890</td><td>18,890</td><td>20,170</td></tr><tr><td>$175,000 - 199,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,440</td><td>6,400</td><td>8,510</td><td>10,580</td><td>12,580</td><td>14,580</td><td>16,580</td><td>18,710</td><td>20,320</td><td>21,620</td><td>22,920</td></tr><tr><td>$200,000 - 249,999</td><td>2,720</td><td>5,920</td><td>8,680</td><td>10,900</td><td>13,270</td><td>15,570</td><td>17,870</td><td>20,170</td><td>22,470</td><td>24,080</td><td>25,380</td><td>26,680</td></tr><tr><td>$250,000 - 449,999</td><td>2,970</td><td>6,470</td><td>9,540</td><td>12,040</td><td>14,410</td><td>16,710</td><td>19,010</td><td>21,310</td><td>23,610</td><td>25,220</td><td>26,520</td><td>27,820</td></tr><tr><td>$450,000 and over</td><td>3,140</td><td>6,840</td><td>10,110</td><td>12,810</td><td>15,380</td><td>17,880</td><td>20,380</td><td>22,880</td><td>25,380</td><td>27,190</td><td>28,690</td><td>30,190</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p class="pdf-layout-label">Employee’s Withholding Certificate</p>
<h2>Form W-4</h2>
<p>Complete Form W-4 so that your employer can withhold the correct federal income tax from your pay.</p>
<p>Department of the Treasury</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Internal Revenue Service</p>
<p>Give Form W-4 to your employer.</p>
<p>Your withholding is subject to review by the IRS. (a) First name and middle initial</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Last name</p>
<p>Step 1:</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Enter</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Personal</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Information</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Address</p>
<p>City or town, state, and ZIP code</p>
<p>(c) Single or Married filing separately Married filing jointly or Qualifying surviving spouse Head of household (Check only if you’re unmarried and pay more than half the costs of keeping up a home for yourself and a qualifying individual.)</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">OMB No. 1545-0074</p>
<p>(b) Social security number</p>
<p>Does your name match the name on your social security card? If not, to ensure you get credit for your earnings, contact SSA at 800-772-1213 or go to www.ssa.gov.</p>
<p>Caution: To claim certain credits or deductions on your tax return, you (and/or your spouse if married filing jointly) are required to have a social security number valid for employment. See page 2 for more information.</p>
<p>TIP: Consider using the estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App to determine the most accurate withholding for the rest of the year if you: are completing this form after the beginning of the year; expect to work only part of the year; or have changes during the year in your marital status, number of jobs for you (and/or your spouse if married filing jointly), dependents, other income (not from jobs), deductions, or credits. Have your most recent pay stub(s) from this year available when using the estimator. At the beginning of next year, use the estimator again to recheck your withholding.</p>
<p>Complete Steps 2–4 ONLY if they apply to you; otherwise, skip to Step 5. See page 2 for more information on each step, who can claim exemption from withholding, and when to use the estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App.</p>
<p>Step 2:</p>
<p>Complete this step if you (1) hold more than one job at a time, or (2) are married filing jointly and your spouse also works. The correct amount of withholding depends on income earned from all of these jobs.</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Multiple Jobs</p>
<p>or Spouse</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Works</p>
<p>Do only one of the following.</p>
<p>(a) Use the estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App for the most accurate withholding for this step (and Steps 3–4). If you or your spouse have self-employment income, use this option; or</p>
<p>(b) Use the Multiple Jobs Worksheet on page 3 and enter the result in Step 4(c) below; or</p>
<p>(c) If there are only two jobs total, you may check this box. Do the same on Form W-4 for the other job. This option is generally more accurate than Step 2(b) if pay at the lower paying job is more than half of the pay at the higher paying job. Otherwise, Step 2(b) is more accurate...............</p>
<p>Complete Steps 3–4(b) on Form W-4 for only ONE of these jobs. Leave those steps blank for the other jobs. (Your withholding will be most accurate if you complete Steps 3–4(b) on the Form W-4 for the highest paying job.)</p>
<p>Step 3:</p>
<p>If your total income will be $200,000 or less ($400,000 or less if married filing jointly):</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Claim</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Dependent</p>
<p>and Other</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Credits</p>
<p>(a) Multiply the number of qualifying children under age 17 by</p>
<p>$2,200..................</p>
<p>(b) Multiply the number of other dependents by $500... Add the amounts from Steps 3(a) and 3(b), plus the amount for other credits. Enter the total here..........................</p>
<p>Step 4:</p>
<p>(a) Other income (not from jobs). If you want tax withheld for other income you expect this year that won’t have withholding, enter the amount of other income here.</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Other</p>
<p>This may include interest, dividends, and retirement income........</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Adjustments</p>
<p>(b) Deductions. Use the Deductions Worksheet on page 4 to determine the amount of deductions you may claim, which will reduce your withholding. (If you skip this line, your withholding will be based on the standard deduction.) Enter the result here..</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Exempt from</p>
<p>withholding</p>
<p>I claim exemption from withholding for 2026, and I certify that I meet both of the conditions for exemption for 2026. See Exemption from withholding on page 2. I understand I will need to submit a new Form W-4 for 2027.</p>
<p>Step 5:</p>
<p>Under penalties of perjury, I declare that this certificate, to the best of my knowledge and belief, is true, correct, and complete.</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Sign</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Here</p>
<p>Employee’s signature (This form is not valid unless you sign it.)</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Only</p>
<p>For Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see page 4.</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Date</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">First date of</p>
<p>employment</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Employer identification</p>
<p>number (EIN)</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Cat. No. 10220Q</p>
<p>Form W-4 (2026) Created 12/8/25</p>
<p>2026</p>
<p>3(a) $</p>
<p>3(b) $</p>
<p>3 $</p>
<p>4(a) $</p>
<p>4(b) $</p>
<p>(c) Extra withholding. Enter any additional tax you want withheld each pay period.. 4(c) $</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Employers</p>
<p>Employer’s name and address</p>
<h2>General Instructions</h2>
<p>Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise noted.</p>
<h2>Future Developments</h2>
<p>For the latest information about developments related to Form W-4, such as legislation enacted after it was published, go to www.irs.gov/FormW4.</p>
<h2>Purpose of Form</h2>
<p>Complete Form W-4 so that your employer can withhold the correct federal income tax from your pay. If too little is withheld, you will generally owe tax when you file your tax return and may owe a penalty. If too much is withheld, you will generally be due a refund. Complete a new Form W-4 when changes to your personal or financial situation would change the entries on the form. For more information on withholding and when you must furnish a new Form W-4, see Pub. 505, Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax.</p>
<p>Exemption from withholding. You may claim exemption from withholding for 2026 if you meet both of the following conditions: you had no federal income tax liability in 2025 and you expect to have no federal income tax liability in 2026. You had no federal income tax liability in 2025 if (1) your total tax on line 24 on your 2025 Form 1040 or 1040-SR is zero (or less than the sum of lines 27a, 28, 29, and 30), or (2) you were not required to file a return because your income was below the filing threshold for your correct filing status. If you claim exemption, you will have no income tax withheld from your paycheck and may owe taxes and penalties when you file your 2026 tax return. To claim exemption from withholding, certify that you meet both of the conditions by checking the box in the Exempt from withholding section. Then, complete Steps 1(a), 1(b), and 5. Do not complete any other steps. You will need to submit a new Form W-4 by February 16, 2027.</p>
<p>Your privacy. Steps 2(c) and 4(a) ask for information regarding income you received from sources other than the job associated with this Form W-4. If you have concerns with providing the information asked for in Step 2(c), you may choose Step 2(b) as an alternative; if you have concerns with providing the information asked for in Step 4(a), you may enter an additional amount you want withheld per pay period in Step 4(c) as an alternative.</p>
<p>When to use the estimator. Consider using the estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App if you:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Are submitting this form after the beginning of the year;</p></li>
<li><p>Expect to work only part of the year;</p></li>
<li><p>Have changes during the year in your marital status, number of jobs for you (and/or your spouse if married filing jointly), or number of dependents, or changes in your deductions or credits;</p></li>
<li><p>Receive dividends, capital gains, social security, bonuses, or business income, or are subject to the Additional Medicare Tax or Net Investment Income Tax; or</p></li>
<li><p>Prefer the most accurate withholding for multiple job situations.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>TIP: Have your most recent pay stub(s) from this year available when using the estimator to account for federal income tax that has already been withheld this year. At the beginning of next year, use the estimator again to recheck your withholding.</p>
<p>Self-employment. Generally, you will owe both income and self-employment taxes on any self-employment income you receive separate from the wages you receive as an employee. If you want to pay these taxes through withholding from your wages, use the estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App to figure the amount to have withheld.</p>
<p>Nonresident alien. If you’re a nonresident alien, see Notice 1392, Supplemental Form W-4 Instructions for Nonresident Aliens, before completing this form.</p>
<h2>Specific Instructions</h2>
<p>Step 1(c). Check your anticipated filing status. This will determine the standard deduction and tax rates used to compute your withholding.</p>
<p>Step 2. Use this step if you (1) have more than one job at the same time, or (2) are married filing jointly and you and your spouse both work. Submit a separate Form W-4 for each job.</p>
<p>Option (a) most accurately calculates the additional tax you need to have withheld, while option (b) does so with a little less accuracy.</p>
<p>Instead, if you (and your spouse) have a total of only two jobs, you may check the box in option (c). The box must also be checked on the Form W-4 for the other job. If the box is checked, the standard deduction and tax brackets will be cut in half for each job to calculate withholding. This option is accurate for jobs with similar pay; otherwise, more tax than necessary may be withheld, and this extra amount of tax withheld will be larger the greater the difference in pay is between the two jobs.</p>
<p>Multiple jobs. Complete Steps 3 through 4(b) on only one Form W-4. Withholding will be most accurate if you</p>
<p>!</p>
<p>▲</p>
<p>do this on the Form W-4 for the highest paying job.</p>
<p>Step 3. This step provides instructions for determining the amount of the child tax credit and the credit for other dependents that you may be able to claim when you file your tax return. To qualify for the child tax credit, the child must be under age 17 as of December 31, must be your dependent who generally lives with you for more than half the year, and must have the required social security number. You (and/or your spouse if married filing jointly) must have the required social security number to claim certain credits. You may be able to claim a credit for other dependents for whom a child tax credit can’t be claimed, such as an older child or a qualifying relative. For additional eligibility requirements for these credits, see Pub. 501, Dependents, Standard Deduction, and Filing Information. You can also include other tax credits for which you are eligible in this step, such as the foreign tax credit and the education tax credits. To do so, add an estimate of the amount for the year to your credits for dependents and enter the total amount in Step 3. Including these credits will increase your paycheck and reduce the amount of any refund you may receive when you file your tax return.</p>
<p>Step 4.</p>
<p>Step 4(a). Enter in this step the total of your other estimated income for the year, if any. You shouldn’t include income from any jobs or self-employment. If you complete Step 4(a), you likely won’t have to make estimated tax payments for that income. If you prefer to pay estimated tax rather than having tax on other income withheld from your paycheck, see Form 1040-ES, Estimated Tax for Individuals.</p>
<p>Step 4(b). Enter in this step the amount from the Deductions Worksheet, line 15, if you expect to claim deductions other than the basic standard deduction on your 2026 tax return and want to reduce your withholding to account for these deductions. This includes both itemized deductions and other deductions such as for qualified tips, overtime compensation, and passenger vehicle loan interest; student loan interest; IRAs; and seniors. You (and/or your spouse if married filing jointly) must have the required social security number to claim certain deductions. For additional eligibility requirements, see Pub. 501.</p>
<p>Step 4(c). Enter in this step any additional tax you want withheld from your pay each pay period, including any amounts from the Multiple Jobs Worksheet, line 4. Entering an amount here will reduce your paycheck and will either increase your refund or reduce any amount of tax that you owe when you file your tax return.</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Page 2</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Form W-4 (2026)</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">CAUTION</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Form W-4 (2026)</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Page 3</p>
<p>Step 2(b)—Multiple Jobs Worksheet (Keep for your records.)</p>
<p class="pandoc-pdf-image-block pandoc-pdf-image-placed" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="32" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/png" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="2374" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p3-n1-o32" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p3-n1-o32" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="424" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="421" data-pandoc-pdf-page="3" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="554.3999939" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="722.1085205" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="574.3979187" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="741.9649506"><img src="media/pdf/image-32.png" title="PDF image 32" alt="PDF image 32" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="32" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/png" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="2374" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p3-n1-o32" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p3-n1-o32" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="424" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="421" data-pandoc-pdf-page="3" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="1" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="554.3999939" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="722.1085205" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="574.3979187" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="741.9649506" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="2374" data-pandoc-media-sha1="db35bf6ca4afd105d279c777412328a726b831c8" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-32.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="69f9ecc824d27e9e19eab1600ec5d5fc2eb8028a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>If you choose the option in Step 2(b) on Form W-4, complete this worksheet (which calculates the total extra tax for all jobs) on only ONE Form W-4. Withholding will be most accurate if you complete the worksheet and enter the result on the Form W-4 for the highest paying job. To be accurate, submit a new Form W-4 for all other jobs if you have not updated your withholding since 2019. Note: If more than one job has annual wages of more than $120,000 or there are more than three jobs, see Pub. 505 for additional tables; or, you can use the online withholding estimator at www.irs.gov/W4App.</p>
<p>1 Two jobs. If you have two jobs or you’re married filing jointly and you and your spouse each have one job, find the amount from the appropriate table on page 5. Using the “Higher Paying Job” row and the “Lower Paying Job” column, find the value at the intersection of the two household salaries and enter that value on line 1. Then, skip to line 3..................... 1 $</p>
<p>2 Three jobs. If you and/or your spouse have three jobs at the same time, complete lines 2a, 2b, and 2c below. Otherwise, skip to line 3.</p>
<p>a Find the amount from the appropriate table on page 5 using the annual wages from the highest paying job in the “Higher Paying Job” row and the annual wages for your next highest paying job in the “Lower Paying Job” column. Find the value at the intersection of the two household salaries and enter that value on line 2a....................... 2a $</p>
<p>b Add the annual wages of the two highest paying jobs from line 2a together and use the total as the wages in the “Higher Paying Job” row and use the annual wages for your third job in the “Lower Paying Job” column to find the amount from the appropriate table on page 5 and enter this amount on line 2b............................. 2b $</p>
<p>c Add the amounts from lines 2a and 2b and enter the result on line 2c.......... 2c $</p>
<p>3 Enter the number of pay periods per year for the highest paying job. For example, if that job pays weekly, enter 52; if it pays every other week, enter 26; if it pays monthly, enter 12, etc...... 3</p>
<p>4 Divide the annual amount on line 1 or line 2c by the number of pay periods on line 3. Enter this amount here and in Step 4(c) of Form W-4 for the highest paying job (plus any other additional amount you want withheld)......................... 4 $</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Form W-4 (2026)</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Page 4</p>
<p>Step 4(b)—Deductions Worksheet (Keep for your records.) See the Instructions for Schedule 1-A (Form 1040) for more information about whether you qualify for the deductions on lines 1a, 1b, 1c, 3a, and 3b. 1 Deductions for qualified tips, overtime compensation, and passenger vehicle loan interest. a Qualified tips. If your total income is less than $150,000 ($300,000 if married filing jointly), enter an estimate of your qualified tips up to $25,000................. 1a $</p>
<p>b Qualified overtime compensation. If your total income is less than $150,000 ($300,000 if married filing jointly), enter an estimate of your qualified overtime compensation up to $12,500 ($25,000 if married filing jointly) of the “and-a-half” portion of time-and-a-half compensation...... 1b $</p>
<p>c Qualified passenger vehicle loan interest. If your total income is less than $100,000 ($200,000 if married filing jointly), enter an estimate of your qualified passenger vehicle loan interest up to $10,000 1c $</p>
<p>2 Add lines 1a, 1b, and 1c. Enter the result here................... 2 $</p>
<p>3 Seniors age 65 or older. If your total income is less than $75,000 ($150,000 if married filing jointly): a Enter $6,000 if you are age 65 or older before the end of the year........... 3a $</p>
<p>b Enter $6,000 if your spouse is age 65 or older before the end of the year and has a social security number valid for employment....................... 3b $</p>
<p>4 Add lines 3a and 3b. Enter the result here.................... 4 $</p>
<p>5 Enter an estimate of your student loan interest, deductible IRA contributions, educator expenses, alimony paid, and certain other adjustments from Schedule 1 (Form 1040), Part II. See Pub. 505 for more information............................ 5 $</p>
<p>6 Itemized deductions. Enter an estimate of your 2026 itemized deductions from Schedule A (Form 1040). Such deductions may include qualifying: a Medical and dental expenses. Enter expenses in excess of 7.5% (0.075) of your total income. 6a $</p>
<p>b State and local taxes. If your total income is less than $505,000 ($252,500 if married filing separately), enter state and local taxes paid up to $40,400 ($20,200 if married filing separately). 6b $</p>
<p>c Home mortgage interest. If your home acquisition debt is less than $750,000 ($375,000 if married filing separately), enter your home mortgage interest expense (including mortgage insurance premiums).......................... 6c $</p>
<p>d Gifts to charities. Enter contributions in excess of 0.5% (0.005) of your total income.... 6d $</p>
<p>e Other itemized deductions. Enter the amount for other itemized deductions....... 6e $</p>
<p>7 Add lines 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, and 6e. Enter the result here................ 7 $</p>
<p>8 Limitation on itemized deductions. a Enter your total income......................... 8a $</p>
<p>b Subtract line 4 from line 8a. If line 4 is greater than line 8a, enter -0- here and on line 10. Skip line 9 8b $</p>
<p>9 Enter: {</p>
<ul>
<li><p>$768,700 if you’re married filing jointly or a qualifying surviving spouse</p></li>
<li><p>$640,600 if you’re single or head of household</p></li>
<li><p>$384,350 if you’re married filing separately }</p></li>
</ul>
<p>..... 9 $</p>
<p>10 If line 9 is greater than line 8b, enter the amount from line 7. Otherwise, multiply line 7 by 94% (0.94) and enter the result here.......................... 10 $</p>
<p>11 Standard deduction.</p>
<p>Enter: {</p>
<ul>
<li><p>$32,200 if you’re married filing jointly or a qualifying surviving spouse</p></li>
<li><p>$24,150 if you’re head of household</p></li>
<li><p>$16,100 if you’re single or married filing separately }</p></li>
</ul>
<p>..... 11 $</p>
<p>12 Cash gifts to charities. If you take the standard deduction, enter cash contributions up to $1,000 ($2,000 if married filing jointly)........................ 12 $</p>
<p>13 Add lines 11 and 12. Enter the result here.................... 13 $</p>
<p>14 If line 10 is greater than line 13, subtract line 11 from line 10 and enter the result here. If line 13 is greater than line 10, enter the amount from line 12................. 14 $</p>
<p>15 Add lines 2, 4, 5, and 14. Enter the result here and in Step 4(b) of Form W-4......... 15 $</p>
<p>Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice. We ask for the information on this form to carry out the Internal Revenue laws of the United States. Internal Revenue Code sections 3402(f)(2) and 6109 and their regulations require you to provide this information; your employer uses it to determine your federal income tax withholding. Failure to provide a properly completed form will result in your being treated as a single person with no other entries on the form; providing fraudulent information may subject you to penalties. Routine uses of this information include giving it to the Department of Justice for civil and criminal litigation; to cities, states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. commonwealths and territories for use in administering their tax laws; and to the Department of Health and Human Services for use in the National Directory of New Hires. We may also disclose this information to other countries under a tax treaty, to federal and state agencies to enforce federal nontax criminal laws, or to federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies to combat terrorism.</p>
<p>You are not required to provide the information requested on a form that is subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act unless the form displays a valid OMB control number. Books or records relating to a form or its instructions must be retained as long as their contents may become material in the administration of any Internal Revenue law. Generally, tax returns and return information are confidential, as required by Code section 6103. The average time and expenses required to complete and file this form will vary depending on individual circumstances. For estimated averages, see the instructions for your income tax return. If you have suggestions for making this form simpler, we would be happy to hear from you. See the instructions for your income tax return.</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Form W-4 (2026)</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Page 5</p>
<p>Married Filing Jointly or Qualifying Surviving Spouse</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Higher Paying Job Annual Taxable</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th>Lower Paying Job Annual Taxable Wage &amp; Salary</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Wage &amp; Salary</td><td>$0 -</td><td>$10,000 - $20,000 - $30,000 - $40,000 - $50,000 - $60,000 - $70,000 - $80,000 - $90,000 - $100,000 - $110,000 -</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>9,999</td><td>19,999</td><td>29,999</td><td>39,999</td><td>49,999</td><td>59,999</td><td>69,999</td><td>79,999</td><td>89,999</td><td>99,999</td><td>109,999</td><td>120,000</td></tr>
<tr><td>$0 - 9,999</td><td>$0</td><td>$0</td><td>$480</td><td>$850</td><td>$850</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td></tr>
<tr><td>$10,000 - 19,999</td><td>0</td><td>480</td><td>1,480</td><td>1,850</td><td>2,050</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,620</td></tr>
<tr><td>$20,000 - 29,999</td><td>480</td><td>1,480</td><td>2,480</td><td>3,050</td><td>3,250</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,820</td><td>4,820</td></tr>
<tr><td>$30,000 - 39,999</td><td>850</td><td>1,850</td><td>3,050</td><td>3,620</td><td>3,820</td><td>3,990</td><td>3,990</td><td>3,990</td><td>3,990</td><td>4,390</td><td>5,390</td><td>6,390</td></tr>
<tr><td>$40,000 - 49,999</td><td>850</td><td>2,050</td><td>3,250</td><td>3,820</td><td>4,020</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,590</td><td>5,590</td><td>6,590</td><td>7,590</td></tr>
<tr><td>$50,000 - 59,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,220</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,990</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,360</td><td>4,360</td><td>4,760</td><td>5,760</td><td>6,760</td><td>7,760</td><td>8,760</td></tr>
<tr><td>$60,000 - 69,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,220</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,990</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,360</td><td>4,760</td><td>5,760</td><td>6,760</td><td>7,760</td><td>8,760</td><td>9,760</td></tr>
<tr><td>$70,000 - 79,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,220</td><td>3,420</td><td>3,990</td><td>4,190</td><td>4,760</td><td>5,760</td><td>6,760</td><td>7,760</td><td>8,760</td><td>9,760</td><td>10,760</td></tr>
<tr><td>$80,000 - 99,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,220</td><td>3,420</td><td>4,240</td><td>5,440</td><td>6,610</td><td>7,610</td><td>8,610</td><td>9,610</td><td>10,610</td><td>11,610</td><td>12,610</td></tr>
<tr><td>$100,000 - 149,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>4,070</td><td>6,270</td><td>7,840</td><td>9,040</td><td>10,210</td><td>11,210</td><td>12,210</td><td>13,210</td><td>14,210</td><td>15,360</td><td>16,560</td></tr>
<tr><td>$150,000 - 239,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>4,100</td><td>6,500</td><td>8,270</td><td>9,670</td><td>11,040</td><td>12,240</td><td>13,440</td><td>14,640</td><td>15,840</td><td>17,040</td><td>18,240</td></tr>
<tr><td>$240,000 - 319,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,440</td><td>6,840</td><td>8,610</td><td>10,010</td><td>11,380</td><td>12,580</td><td>13,780</td><td>14,980</td><td>16,180</td><td>17,380</td><td>18,580</td></tr>
<tr><td>$320,000 - 364,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,440</td><td>6,840</td><td>8,610</td><td>10,010</td><td>11,380</td><td>12,580</td><td>13,860</td><td>15,860</td><td>17,860</td><td>19,860</td><td>21,860</td></tr>
<tr><td>$365,000 - 524,999</td><td>2,720</td><td>5,920</td><td>9,390</td><td>12,260</td><td>14,760</td><td>17,230</td><td>19,530</td><td>21,830</td><td>24,130</td><td>26,430</td><td>28,730</td><td>31,030</td></tr>
<tr><td>$525,000 and over</td><td>3,140</td><td>6,840</td><td>10,540</td><td>13,610</td><td>16,310</td><td>18,980</td><td>21,480</td><td>23,980</td><td>26,480</td><td>28,980</td><td>31,480</td><td>33,990</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Single or Married Filing Separately</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Higher Paying Job Annual Taxable</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th>Lower Paying Job Annual Taxable Wage &amp; Salary</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Wage &amp; Salary</td><td>$0 -</td><td>$10,000 - $20,000 - $30,000 - $40,000 - $50,000 - $60,000 - $70,000 - $80,000 - $90,000 - $100,000 - $110,000 -</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>9,999</td><td>19,999</td><td>29,999</td><td>39,999</td><td>49,999</td><td>59,999</td><td>69,999</td><td>79,999</td><td>89,999</td><td>99,999</td><td>109,999</td><td>120,000</td></tr>
<tr><td>$0 - 9,999</td><td>$90</td><td>$850</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,070</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,970</td></tr>
<tr><td>$10,000 - 19,999</td><td>850</td><td>1,780</td><td>1,980</td><td>1,980</td><td>2,030</td><td>3,030</td><td>3,830</td><td>3,830</td><td>3,830</td><td>3,830</td><td>3,930</td><td>4,130</td></tr>
<tr><td>$20,000 - 29,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>1,980</td><td>2,180</td><td>2,230</td><td>3,230</td><td>4,230</td><td>5,030</td><td>5,030</td><td>5,030</td><td>5,130</td><td>5,330</td><td>5,530</td></tr>
<tr><td>$30,000 - 39,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>1,980</td><td>2,230</td><td>3,230</td><td>4,230</td><td>5,230</td><td>6,030</td><td>6,030</td><td>6,130</td><td>6,330</td><td>6,530</td><td>6,730</td></tr>
<tr><td>$40,000 - 59,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,880</td><td>4,080</td><td>5,080</td><td>6,080</td><td>7,080</td><td>7,950</td><td>8,150</td><td>8,350</td><td>8,550</td><td>8,750</td><td>8,950</td></tr>
<tr><td>$60,000 - 79,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>3,830</td><td>5,030</td><td>6,030</td><td>7,100</td><td>8,300</td><td>9,300</td><td>9,500</td><td>9,700</td><td>9,900</td><td>10,100</td><td>10,300</td></tr>
<tr><td>$80,000 - 99,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>3,830</td><td>5,100</td><td>6,300</td><td>7,500</td><td>8,700</td><td>9,700</td><td>9,900</td><td>10,100</td><td>10,300</td><td>10,500</td><td>10,700</td></tr>
<tr><td>$100,000 - 124,999</td><td>2,030</td><td>4,190</td><td>5,590</td><td>6,790</td><td>7,990</td><td>9,190</td><td>10,190</td><td>10,390</td><td>10,590</td><td>10,940</td><td>11,940</td><td>12,940</td></tr>
<tr><td>$125,000 - 149,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,200</td><td>5,600</td><td>6,800</td><td>8,000</td><td>9,200</td><td>10,200</td><td>10,950</td><td>11,950</td><td>12,950</td><td>13,950</td><td>14,950</td></tr>
<tr><td>$150,000 - 174,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,200</td><td>5,600</td><td>6,800</td><td>8,150</td><td>10,150</td><td>11,950</td><td>12,950</td><td>13,950</td><td>14,950</td><td>16,170</td><td>17,470</td></tr>
<tr><td>$175,000 - 199,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,200</td><td>6,150</td><td>8,150</td><td>10,150</td><td>12,150</td><td>13,950</td><td>15,020</td><td>16,320</td><td>17,620</td><td>18,920</td><td>20,220</td></tr>
<tr><td>$200,000 - 249,999</td><td>2,720</td><td>5,680</td><td>7,880</td><td>10,140</td><td>12,440</td><td>14,740</td><td>16,840</td><td>18,140</td><td>19,440</td><td>20,740</td><td>22,040</td><td>23,340</td></tr>
<tr><td>$250,000 - 449,999</td><td>2,970</td><td>6,230</td><td>8,730</td><td>11,030</td><td>13,330</td><td>15,630</td><td>17,730</td><td>19,030</td><td>20,330</td><td>21,630</td><td>22,930</td><td>24,240</td></tr>
<tr><td>$450,000 and over</td><td>3,140</td><td>6,600</td><td>9,300</td><td>11,800</td><td>14,300</td><td>16,800</td><td>19,100</td><td>20,600</td><td>22,100</td><td>23,600</td><td>25,100</td><td>26,610</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Head of Household</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Higher Paying Job Annual Taxable</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th>Lower Paying Job Annual Taxable Wage &amp; Salary</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Wage &amp; Salary</td><td>$0 -</td><td>$10,000 - $20,000 - $30,000 - $40,000 - $50,000 - $60,000 - $70,000 - $80,000 - $90,000 - $100,000 - $110,000 -</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>9,999</td><td>19,999</td><td>29,999</td><td>39,999</td><td>49,999</td><td>59,999</td><td>69,999</td><td>79,999</td><td>89,999</td><td>99,999</td><td>109,999</td><td>120,000</td></tr>
<tr><td>$0 - 9,999</td><td>$0</td><td>$280</td><td>$850</td><td>$950</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,020</td><td>$1,560</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td><td>$1,870</td></tr>
<tr><td>$10,000 - 19,999</td><td>280</td><td>1,280</td><td>1,950</td><td>2,150</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,760</td><td>3,760</td><td>4,070</td><td>4,070</td><td>4,210</td></tr>
<tr><td>$20,000 - 29,999</td><td>850</td><td>1,950</td><td>2,720</td><td>2,920</td><td>2,980</td><td>2,980</td><td>3,520</td><td>4,520</td><td>5,520</td><td>5,830</td><td>5,980</td><td>6,180</td></tr>
<tr><td>$30,000 - 39,999</td><td>950</td><td>2,150</td><td>2,920</td><td>3,120</td><td>3,180</td><td>3,720</td><td>4,720</td><td>5,720</td><td>6,720</td><td>7,180</td><td>7,380</td><td>7,580</td></tr>
<tr><td>$40,000 - 59,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,220</td><td>2,980</td><td>3,570</td><td>4,640</td><td>5,640</td><td>6,640</td><td>7,750</td><td>8,950</td><td>9,460</td><td>9,660</td><td>9,860</td></tr>
<tr><td>$60,000 - 79,999</td><td>1,020</td><td>2,610</td><td>4,370</td><td>5,570</td><td>6,640</td><td>7,750</td><td>8,950</td><td>10,150</td><td>11,350</td><td>11,860</td><td>12,060</td><td>12,260</td></tr>
<tr><td>$80,000 - 99,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>4,070</td><td>5,830</td><td>7,150</td><td>8,410</td><td>9,610</td><td>10,810</td><td>12,010</td><td>13,210</td><td>13,720</td><td>13,920</td><td>14,120</td></tr>
<tr><td>$100,000 - 124,999</td><td>1,870</td><td>4,270</td><td>6,230</td><td>7,630</td><td>8,900</td><td>10,100</td><td>11,300</td><td>12,500</td><td>13,700</td><td>14,210</td><td>14,720</td><td>15,720</td></tr>
<tr><td>$125,000 - 149,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,440</td><td>6,400</td><td>7,800</td><td>9,070</td><td>10,270</td><td>11,470</td><td>12,670</td><td>14,580</td><td>15,890</td><td>16,890</td><td>17,890</td></tr>
<tr><td>$150,000 - 174,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,440</td><td>6,400</td><td>7,800</td><td>9,070</td><td>10,580</td><td>12,580</td><td>14,580</td><td>16,580</td><td>17,890</td><td>18,890</td><td>20,170</td></tr>
<tr><td>$175,000 - 199,999</td><td>2,040</td><td>4,440</td><td>6,400</td><td>8,510</td><td>10,580</td><td>12,580</td><td>14,580</td><td>16,580</td><td>18,710</td><td>20,320</td><td>21,620</td><td>22,920</td></tr>
<tr><td>$200,000 - 249,999</td><td>2,720</td><td>5,920</td><td>8,680</td><td>10,900</td><td>13,270</td><td>15,570</td><td>17,870</td><td>20,170</td><td>22,470</td><td>24,080</td><td>25,380</td><td>26,680</td></tr>
<tr><td>$250,000 - 449,999</td><td>2,970</td><td>6,470</td><td>9,540</td><td>12,040</td><td>14,410</td><td>16,710</td><td>19,010</td><td>21,310</td><td>23,610</td><td>25,220</td><td>26,520</td><td>27,820</td></tr>
<tr><td>$450,000 and over</td><td>3,140</td><td>6,840</td><td>10,110</td><td>12,810</td><td>15,380</td><td>17,880</td><td>20,380</td><td>22,880</td><td>25,380</td><td>27,190</td><td>28,690</td><td>30,190</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
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TraceMonkey technical PDF

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<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Trace-based Just-in-Time Type Specialization for Dynamic</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

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<p>Andreas Gal∗+, Brendan Eich∗, Mike Shaver∗, David Anderson∗, David Mandelin∗, Mohammad R. Haghighat$, Blake Kaplan∗, Graydon Hoare∗, Boris Zbarsky∗, Jason Orendorff∗,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Jesse Ruderman∗, Edwin Smith#, Rick Reitmaier#, Michael Bebenita+, Mason Chang+#, Michael Franz+</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>{gal, brendan, shaver, danderson, dmandelin, mrbkap, graydon, bz, jorendorff, jruderman}mozilla.com</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

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<p>Dynamic languages such as JavaScript are more difficult to compile than statically typed ones. Since no concrete type information is available, traditional compilers need to emit generic code that can handle all possible type combinations at runtime. We present an alternative compilation technique for dynamically-typed languages that identifies frequently executed loop traces at run-time and then generates machine code on the fly that is specialized for the actual dynamic types occurring on each path through the loop. Our method provides cheap inter-procedural type specialization, and an elegant and efficient way of incrementally compiling lazily discovered alternative paths through nested loops. We have implemented a dynamic compiler for JavaScript based on our technique and we have measured speedups of 10x and more for certain benchmark programs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Categories and Subject Descriptors D.3.4 [Programming Languages]: Processors — Incremental compilers, code generation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>General Terms Design, Experimentation, Measurement, Performance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Keywords JavaScript, just-in-time compilation, trace trees.</p>
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<h2>1. Introduction</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Dynamic languages such as JavaScript, Python, and Ruby, are pop- ular since they are expressive, accessible to non-experts, and make deployment as easy as distributing a source file. They are used for small scripts as well as for complex applications. JavaScript, for example, is the de facto standard for client-side web programming and is used for the application logic of browser-based productivity applications such as Google Mail, Google Docs and Zimbra Collaboration Suite. In this domain, in order to provide a fluid user experience and enable a new generation of applications, virtual machines must provide a low startup time and high performance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Compilers for statically typed languages rely on type information to generate efficient machine code. In a dynamically typed programming language such as JavaScript, the types of expressions may vary at runtime. This means that the compiler can no longer easily transform operations into machine instructions that operate on one specific type. Without exact type information, the compiler must emit slower generalized machine code that can deal with all potential type combinations. While compile-time static type inference might be able to gather type information to generate optimized machine code, traditional static analysis is very expensive and hence not well suited for the highly interactive environment of a web browser.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We present a trace-based compilation technique for dynamic languages that reconciles speed of compilation with excellent performance of the generated machine code. Our system uses a mixed- mode execution approach: the system starts running JavaScript in a fast-starting bytecode interpreter. As the program runs, the system identifies hot (frequently executed) bytecode sequences, records them, and compiles them to fast native code. We call such a sequence of instructions a trace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Unlike method-based dynamic compilers, our dynamic compiler operates at the granularity of individual loops. This design choice is based on the expectation that programs spend most of their time in hot loops. Even in dynamically typed languages, we expect hot loops to be mostly type-stable, meaning that the types of values are invariant. (12) For example, we would expect loop counters that start as integers to remain integers for all iterations. When both of these expectations hold, a trace-based compiler can cover the program execution with a small number of type-specialized, efficiently compiled traces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Each compiled trace covers one path through the program with one mapping of values to types. When the VM executes a compiled trace, it cannot guarantee that the same path will be followed or that the same types will occur in subsequent loop iterations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Languages</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Mozilla Corporation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Adobe Corporation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{edwsmith, rreitmai}adobe.com</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Intel Corporation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>{mohammad.r.haghighat}intel.com</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>University of California, Irvine {mbebenit, changm, franz}uci.edu</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. PLDI’09, June 15–20, 2009, Dublin, Ireland. Copyright c 2009 ACM 978-1-60558-392-1/09/06...$5.00</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>∗</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>#</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>$</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>+</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hence, recording and compiling a trace speculates that the path and typing will be exactly as they were during recording for subsequent iterations of the loop. Every compiled trace contains all the guards (checks) required to validate the speculation. If one of the guards fails (if control flow is different, or a value of a different type is generated), the trace exits. If an exit becomes hot, the VM can record a branch trace starting at the exit to cover the new path. In this way, the VM records a trace tree covering all the hot paths through the loop. Nested loops can be difficult to optimize for tracing VMs. In a naïve implementation, inner loops would become hot first, and the VM would start tracing there. When the inner loop exits, the VM would detect that a different branch was taken. The VM would try to record a branch trace, and find that the trace reaches not the inner loop header, but the outer loop header. At this point, the VM could continue tracing until it reaches the inner loop header again, thus tracing the outer loop inside a trace tree for the inner loop. But this requires tracing a copy of the outer loop for every side exit and type combination in the inner loop. In essence, this is a form of unintended tail duplication, which can easily overflow the code cache. Alternatively, the VM could simply stop tracing, and give up on ever tracing outer loops. We solve the nested loop problem by recording nested trace trees. Our system traces the inner loop exactly as the naïve version. The system stops extending the inner tree when it reaches an outer loop, but then it starts a new trace at the outer loop header. When the outer loop reaches the inner loop header, the system tries to call the trace tree for the inner loop. If the call succeeds, the VM records the call to the inner tree as part of the outer trace and finishes the outer trace as normal. In this way, our system can trace any number of loops nested to any depth without causing excessive tail duplication. These techniques allow a VM to dynamically translate a program to nested, type-specialized trace trees. Because traces can cross function call boundaries, our techniques also achieve the effects of inlining. Because traces have no internal control-flow joins, they can be optimized in linear time by a simple compiler (10). Thus, our tracing VM efficiently performs the same kind of optimizations that would require interprocedural analysis in a static optimization setting. This makes tracing an attractive and effective tool to type specialize even complex function call-rich code. We implemented these techniques for an existing JavaScript interpreter, SpiderMonkey. We call the resulting tracing VM TraceMonkey. TraceMonkey supports all the JavaScript features of SpiderMonkey, with a 2x-20x speedup for traceable programs. This paper makes the following contributions:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>We explain an algorithm for dynamically forming trace trees to cover a program, representing nested loops as nested trace trees.</li><li>We explain how to speculatively generate efficient type-specialized code for traces from dynamic language programs.</li><li>We validate our tracing techniques in an implementation based on the SpiderMonkey JavaScript interpreter, achieving 2x-20x speedups on many programs.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Section 3 is a general overview of trace tree based compilation we use to cap- ture and compile frequently executed code regions. In Section 4 we describe our approach of covering nested loops using a number of individual trace trees. In Section 5 we describe our trace- compilation based speculative type specialization approach we use to generate efficient machine code from recorded bytecode traces. Our implementation of a dynamic type-specializing compiler for JavaScript is described in Section 6. Related work is discussed in Section 8. In Section 7 we evaluate our dynamic compiler based on</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1 for (var i = 2; i &lt; 100; ++i) { 2 if (! primes[i]) 3 continue; 4 for (var k = i + i; i &lt; 100; k += i) 5 primes[k] = false; 6 }</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 1. Sample program: sieve of Eratosthenes. primes is initialized to an array of 100 false values on entry to this code snippet.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:verse -->
<pre class="wp-block-verse pdf-map-labels">Interpret
Bytecodes
loop
edge cold/blacklisted
abort
Monitor compiled trace
recording
Record
hot
LIR Trace
loop/exit
finish at
loop header
loop edge with
same types
Compile
LIR Trace
side exit,
no existing trace</pre>
<!-- /wp:verse -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 2. State machine describing the major activities of TraceMonkey and the conditions that cause transitions to a new activity. In the dark box, TM executes JS as compiled traces. In the light gray boxes, TM executes JS in the standard interpreter. White boxes are overhead. Thus, to maximize performance, we need to maximize time spent in the darkest box and minimize time spent in the white boxes. The best case is a loop where the types at the loop edge are the same as the types on entry–then TM can stay in native code until the loop is done.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>a set of industry benchmarks. The paper ends with conclusions in Section 9 and an outlook on future work is presented in Section 10.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>2. Overview: Example Tracing Run</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This section provides an overview of our system by describing how TraceMonkey executes an example program. The example program, shown in Figure 1, computes the first 100 prime numbers with nested loops. The narrative should be read along with Figure 2, which describes the activities TraceMonkey performs and when it transitions between the loops. TraceMonkey always begins executing a program in the bytecode interpreter. Every loop back edge is a potential trace point. When the interpreter crosses a loop edge, TraceMonkey invokes the trace monitor, which may decide to record or execute a native trace. At the start of execution, there are no compiled traces yet, so the trace monitor counts the number of times each loop back edge is executed until a loop becomes hot, currently after 2 crossings. Note that the way our loops are compiled, the loop edge is crossed before entering the loop, so the second crossing occurs immediately after the first iteration. Here is the sequence of events broken down by outer loop iteration:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Symbol Key Overhead</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Interpreting</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Native</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>loop/exit</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ready</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Enter</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Compiled Trace</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Execute</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Compiled Trace</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>side exit to existing trace</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Leave</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Compiled Trace</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>v0 := ld state[748]      // load primes from the trace activation record
      st sp[0], v0       // store primes to interpreter stack
v1 := ld state[764]      // load k from the trace activation record
v2 := i2f(v1)           // convert k from int to double
      st sp[8], v1       // store k to interpreter stack
      st sp[16], 0       // store false to interpreter stack
v3 := ld v0[4]          // load class word for primes
v4 := and v3, -4        // mask out object class tag for primes
v5 := eq v4, Array       // test whether primes is an array
      xf v5             // side exit if v5 is false
v6 := js_Array_set(v0, v2, false)   // call function to set array element
v7 := eq v6, 0          // test return value from call
      xt v7             // side exit if js_Array_set returns false.</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 3. LIR snippet for sample program. This is the LIR recorded for line 5 of the sample program in Figure 1. The LIR encodes the semantics in SSA form using temporary variables. The LIR also encodes all the stores that the interpreter would do to its data stack. Sometimes these stores can be optimized away as the stack locations are live only on exits to the interpreter. Finally, the LIR records guards and side exits to verify the assumptions made in this recording: that primes is an array and that the call to set its element succeeds.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:code -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>mov edx, ebx(748)       // load primes from the trace activation record
mov edi(0), edx        // (*) store primes to interpreter stack
mov esi, ebx(764)       // load k from the trace activation record
mov edi(8), esi        // (*) store k to interpreter stack
mov edi(16), 0         // (*) store false to interpreter stack
mov eax, edx(4)        // (*) load object class word for primes
and eax, -4            // (*) mask out object class tag for primes
cmp eax, Array         // (*) test whether primes is an array
jne side_exit_1        // (*) side exit if primes is not an array
sub esp, 8             // bump stack for call alignment convention
push false             // push last argument for call
push esi               // push first argument for call
call js_Array_set       // call function to set array element
add esp, 8             // clean up extra stack space
mov ecx, ebx           // (*) created by register allocator
test eax, eax          // (*) test return value of js_Array_set
je side_exit_2         // (*) side exit if call failed
...
side_exit_1:
mov ecx, ebp(-4)        // restore ecx
mov esp, ebp           // restore esp
jmp epilog             // jump to ret statement</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 4. x86 snippet for sample program. This is the x86 code compiled from the LIR snippet in Figure 3. Most LIR instructions compile to a single x86 instruction. Instructions marked with (*) would be omitted by an idealized compiler that knew that none of the side exits would ever be taken. The 17 instructions generated by the compiler compare favorably with the 100+ instructions that the interpreter would execute for the same code snippet, including 4 indirect jumps.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>i=2. This is the first iteration of the outer loop. The loop on lines 4-5 becomes hot on its second iteration, so TraceMonkey enters recording mode on line 4. In recording mode, TraceMonkey records the code along the trace in a low-level compiler intermediate representation we call LIR. The LIR trace encodes all the operations performed and the types of all operands. The LIR trace also encodes guards, which are checks that verify that the control flow and types are identical to those observed during trace recording. Thus, on later executions, if and only if all guards are passed, the trace has the required program semantics.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>TraceMonkey stops recording when execution returns to the loop header or exits the loop. In this case, execution returns to the loop header on line 4.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After recording is finished, TraceMonkey compiles the trace to native code using the recorded type information for optimization. The result is a native code fragment that can be entered if the interpreter PC and the types of values match those observed when trace recording was started. The first trace in our example, T45, covers lines 4 and 5. This trace can be entered if the PC is at line 4, i and k are integers, and primes is an object. After compiling T45, TraceMonkey returns to the interpreter and loops back to line 1. i=3. Now the loop header at line 1 has become hot, so TraceMonkey starts recording. When recording reaches line 4, TraceMonkey observes that it has reached an inner loop header that already has a compiled trace, so TraceMonkey attempts to nest the inner loop inside the current trace. The first step is to call the inner trace as a subroutine. This executes the loop on line 4 to completion and then returns to the recorder. TraceMonkey verifies that the call was successful and then records the call to the inner trace as part of the current trace. Recording continues until execution reaches line 1, and at which point TraceMonkey finishes and compiles a trace for the outer loop, T16.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>i=</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":4} -->
<ol start="4"><li>On this iteration, TraceMonkey calls T16. Because i=4, the if statement on line 2 is taken. This branch was not taken in the original trace, so this causes T16 to fail a guard and take a side exit. The exit is not yet hot, so TraceMonkey returns to the interpreter, which executes the continue statement. i=</li><li>TraceMonkey calls T16, which in turn calls the nested trace T45. T16 loops back to its own header, starting the next iteration without ever returning to the monitor. i=</li><li>On this iteration, the side exit on line 2 is taken again. This time, the side exit becomes hot, so a trace T23, 1 is recorded that covers line 3 and returns to the loop header. Thus, the end of T23, 1 jumps directly to the start of T16. The side exit is patched so that on future iterations, it jumps directly to T23, 1.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At this point, TraceMonkey has compiled enough traces to cover the entire nested loop structure, so the rest of the program runs entirely as native code.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>3. Trace Trees</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In this section, we describe traces, trace trees, and how they are formed at run time. Although our techniques apply to any dynamic language interpreter, we will describe them assuming a bytecode interpreter to keep the exposition simple.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>3.1 Traces</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A trace is simply a program path, which may cross function call boundaries. TraceMonkey focuses on loop traces, that originate at a loop edge and represent a single iteration through the associated loop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Similar to an extended basic block, a trace is only entered at the top, but may have many exits. In contrast to an extended basic block, a trace can contain join nodes. Since a trace always only follows one single path through the original program, however, join nodes are not recognizable as such in a trace and have a single predecessor node like regular nodes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A typed trace is a trace annotated with a type for every variable (including temporaries) on the trace. A typed trace also has an entry type map giving the required types for variables used on the trace before they are defined. For example, a trace could have a type map (x: int, b: boolean), meaning that the trace may be entered only if the value of the variable x is of type int and the value of b is of type boolean. The entry type map is much like the signature of a function.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In this paper, we only discuss typed loop traces, and we will refer to them simply as “traces”. The key property of typed loop traces is that they can be compiled to efficient machine code using the same techniques used for typed languages.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In TraceMonkey, traces are recorded in trace-flavored SSA LIR (low-level intermediate representation). In trace-flavored SSA (or TSSA), phi nodes appear only at the entry point, which is reached both on entry and via loop edges. The important LIR primitives are constant values, memory loads and stores (by address and offset), integer operators, floating-point operators, function calls, and conditional exits. Type conversions, such as integer to double, are represented by function calls. This makes the LIR used by TraceMonkey independent of the concrete type system and type conversion rules of the source language. The LIR operations are generic enough that the backend compiler is language independent. Figure 3 shows an example LIR trace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Bytecode interpreters typically represent values in a various complex data structures (e.g., hash tables) in a boxed format (i.e., with attached type tag bits). Since a trace is intended to represent efficient code that eliminates all that complexity, our traces operate on unboxed values in simple variables and arrays as much as possible.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A trace records all its intermediate values in a small activation record area. To make variable accesses fast on trace, the trace also imports local and global variables by unboxing them and copying them to its activation record. Thus, the trace can read and write these variables with simple loads and stores from a native activation recording, independently of the boxing mechanism used by the interpreter. When the trace exits, the VM boxes the values from this native storage location and copies them back to the interpreter structures.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For every control-flow branch in the source program, the recorder generates conditional exit LIR instructions. These instructions exit from the trace if required control flow is different from what it was at trace recording, ensuring that the trace instructions are run only if they are supposed to. We call these instructions guard instructions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Most of our traces represent loops and end with the special loop LIR instruction. This is just an unconditional branch to the top of the trace. Such traces return only via guards.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Now, we describe the key optimizations that are performed as part of recording LIR. All of these optimizations reduce complex dynamic language constructs to simple typed constructs by specializing for the current trace. Each optimization requires guard instructions to verify their assumptions about the state and exit the trace if necessary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Type specialization.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All LIR primitives apply to operands of specific types. Thus, LIR traces are necessarily type-specialized, and a compiler can easily produce a translation that requires no type dispatches. A typical bytecode interpreter carries tag bits along with each value, and to perform any operation, must check the tag bits, dynamically dispatch, mask out the tag bits to recover the untagged value, perform the operation, and then reapply tags. LIR omits everything except the operation itself.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A potential problem is that some operations can produce values of unpredictable types. For example, reading a property from an object could yield a value of any type, not necessarily the type observed during recording. The recorder emits guard instructions that conditionally exit if the operation yields a value of a different type from that seen during recording. These guard instructions guarantee that as long as execution is on trace, the types of values match those of the typed trace. When the VM observes a side exit along such a type guard, a new typed trace is recorded originating at the side exit location, capturing the new type of the operation in question.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Representation specialization: objects. In JavaScript, name lookup semantics are complex and potentially expensive because they include features like object inheritance and eval. To evaluate an object property read expression like o.x, the interpreter must search the property map of o and all of its prototypes and parents. Property maps can be implemented with different data structures (e.g., per-object hash tables or shared hash tables), so the search process also must dispatch on the representation of each object found during search. TraceMonkey can simply observe the result of the search process and record the simplest possible LIR to access the property value. For example, the search might finds the value of o.x in the prototype of o, which uses a shared hash-table representation that places x in slot 2 of a property vector. Then the recorded can generate LIR that reads o.x with just two or three loads: one to get the prototype, possibly one to get the property value vector, and one more to get slot 2 from the vector. This is a vast simplification and speedup compared to the original interpreter code. Inheritance relationships and object representations can change during execution, so the simplified code requires guard instructions that ensure the object representation is the same. In TraceMonkey, objects’ rep- resentations are assigned an integer key called the object shape. Thus, the guard is a simple equality check on the object shape.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Representation specialization: numbers. JavaScript has no integer type, only a Number type that is the set of 64-bit IEEE- 754 floating-pointer numbers (“doubles”). But many JavaScript operators, in particular array accesses and bitwise operators, really operate on integers, so they first convert the number to an integer, and then convert any integer result back to a double.1 Clearly, a JavaScript VM that wants to be fast must find a way to operate on integers directly and avoid these conversions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In TraceMonkey, we support two representations for numbers: integers and doubles. The interpreter uses integer representations as much as it can, switching for results that can only be represented as doubles. When a trace is started, some values may be imported and represented as integers. Some operations on integers require guards. For example, adding two integers can produce a value too large for the integer representation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Function inlining. LIR traces can cross function boundaries in either direction, achieving function inlining. Move instructions need to be recorded for function entry and exit to copy arguments in and return values out. These move statements are then optimized away by the compiler using copy propagation. In order to be able to return to the interpreter, the trace must also generate LIR to record that a call frame has been entered and exited. The frame entry and exit LIR saves just enough information to allow the intepreter call stack to be restored later and is much simpler than the interpreter’s standard call code. If the function being entered is not constant (which in JavaScript includes any call by function name), the recorder must also emit LIR to guard that the function is the same.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Guards and side exits. Each optimization described above requires one or more guards to verify the assumptions made in doing the optimization. A guard is just a group of LIR instructions that performs a test and conditional exit. The exit branches to a side exit, a small off-trace piece of LIR that returns a pointer to a structure that describes the reason for the exit along with the interpreter PC at the exit point and any other data needed to restore the interpreter’s state structures.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Aborts. Some constructs are difficult to record in LIR traces. For example, eval or calls to external functions can change the program state in unpredictable ways, making it difficult for the tracer to know the current type map in order to continue tracing. A tracing implementation can also have any number of other limitations, e.g., a small-memory device may limit the length of traces. When any situation occurs that prevents the implementation from continuing trace recording, the implementation aborts trace recording and returns to the trace monitor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>3.2 Trace Trees</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Especially simple loops, namely those where control flow, value types, value representations, and inlined functions are all invariant, can be represented by a single trace. But most loops have at least some variation, and so the program will take side exits from the main trace. When a side exit becomes hot, TraceMonkey starts a new branch trace from that point and patches the side exit to jump directly to that trace. In this way, a single trace expands on demand to a single-entry, multiple-exit trace tree.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This section explains how trace trees are formed during execution. The goal is to form trace trees during execution that cover all the hot paths of the program.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Starting a tree. Tree trees always start at loop headers, because they are a natural place to look for hot paths. In TraceMonkey, loop headers are easy to detect–the bytecode compiler ensures that a bytecode is a loop header iff it is the target of a backward branch. TraceMonkey starts a tree when a given loop header has been executed a certain number of times (2 in the current implementation). Starting a tree just means starting recording a trace for the current point and type map and marking the trace as the root of a tree. Each tree is associated with a loop header and type map, so there may be several trees for a given loop header.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Closing the loop. Trace recording can end in several ways.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ideally, the trace reaches the loop header where it started with the same type map as on entry. This is called a type-stable loop iteration. In this case, the end of the trace can jump right to the beginning, as all the value representations are exactly as needed to enter the trace. The jump can even skip the usual code that would copy out the state at the end of the trace and copy it back in to the trace activation record to enter a trace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In certain cases the trace might reach the loop header with a different type map. This scenario is sometime observed for the first iteration of a loop. Some variables inside the loop might initially be undefined, before they are set to a concrete type during the first loop iteration. When recording such an iteration, the recorder cannot link the trace back to its own loop header since it is type-unstable. Instead, the iteration is terminated with a side exit that will always fail and return to the interpreter. At the same time a new trace is recorded with the new type map. Every time an additional type- unstable trace is added to a region, its exit type map is compared to the entry map of all existing traces in case they complement each other. With this approach we are able to cover type-unstable loop iterations as long they eventually form a stable equilibrium.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Finally, the trace might exit the loop before reaching the loop header, for example because execution reaches a break or return statement. In this case, the VM simply ends the trace with an exit to the trace monitor.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>As mentioned previously, we may speculatively chose to represent certain Number-typed values as integers on trace. We do so when we observe that Number-typed variables contain an integer value at trace entry. If during trace recording the variable is unexpectedly assigned a non-integer value, we have to widen the type of the variable to a double. As a result, the recorded trace becomes inherently type-unstable since it starts with an integer value but ends with a double value. This represents a mis-speculation, since at trace entry we specialized the Number-typed value to an integer, assuming that at the loop edge we would again find an integer value in the variable, allowing us to close the loop. To avoid future speculative failures involving this variable, and to obtain a type-stable trace we note the fact that the variable in question as been observed to sometimes hold non-integer values in an advisory data structure which we call the “oracle”.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When compiling loops, we consult the oracle before specializing values to integers. Speculation towards integers is performed only if no adverse information is known to the oracle about that particular variable. Whenever we accidentally compile a loop that is type-unstable due to mis-speculation of a Number-typed variable, we immediately trigger the recording of a new trace, which based on the now updated oracle information will start with a double value and thus become type stable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Extending a tree. Side exits lead to different paths through the loop, or paths with different types or representations. Thus, to completely cover the loop, the VM must record traces starting at all side exits. These traces are recorded much like root traces: there is a counter for each side exit, and when the counter reaches a hotness threshold, recording starts. Recording stops exactly as for the root trace, using the loop header of the root trace as the target to reach.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Arrays are actually worse than this: if the index value is a number, it must be converted from a double to a string for the property access operator, and then to an integer internally to the array implementation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Our implementation does not extend at all side exits. It extends only if the side exit is for a control-flow branch, and only if the side exit does not leave the loop. In particular we do not want to extend a trace tree along a path that leads to an outer loop, because we want to cover such paths in an outer tree through tree nesting.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<h2>3.3 Blacklisting</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Sometimes, a program follows a path that cannot be compiled into a trace, usually because of limitations in the implementation. TraceMonkey does not currently support recording throwing and catching of arbitrary exceptions. This design trade off was chosen, because exceptions are usually rare in JavaScript. However, if a program opts to use exceptions intensively, we would suddenly incur a punishing runtime overhead if we repeatedly try to record a trace for this path and repeatedly fail to do so, since we abort tracing every time we observe an exception being thrown. As a result, if a hot loop contains traces that always fail, the VM could potentially run much more slowly than the base interpreter: the VM repeatedly spends time trying to record traces, but is never able to run any. To avoid this problem, whenever the VM is about to start tracing, it must try to predict whether it will finish the trace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Our prediction algorithm is based on blacklisting traces that have been tried and failed. When the VM fails to finish a trace starting at a given point, the VM records that a failure has occurred. The VM also sets a counter so that it will not try to record a trace starting at that point until it is passed a few more times (32 in our imple- mentation). This backoff counter gives temporary conditions that prevent tracing a chance to end. For example, a loop may behave differently during startup than during its steady-state execution. After a given number of failures (2 in our implementation), the VM marks the fragment as blacklisted, which means the VM will never again start recording at that point. After implementing this basic strategy, we observed that for small loops that get blacklisted, the system can spend a noticeable amount of time just finding the loop fragment and determining that it has been blacklisted. We now avoid that problem by patching the bytecode. We define an extra no-op bytecode that indicates a loop header. The VM calls into the trace monitor every time the interpreter executes a loop header no-op. To blacklist a fragment, we simply replace the loop header no-op with a regular no-op. Thus, the interpreter will never again even call into the trace monitor. There is a related problem we have not yet solved, which occurs when a loop meets all of these conditions:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The VM can form at least one root trace for the loop.</li><li>There is at least one hot side exit for which the VM cannot complete a trace.</li><li>The loop body is short.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In this case, the VM will repeatedly pass the loop header, search for a trace, find it, execute it, and fall back to the interpreter. With a short loop body, the overhead of finding and calling the trace is high, and causes performance to be even slower than the basic interpreter. So far, in this situation we have improved the implementation so that the VM can complete the branch trace. But it is hard to guarantee that this situation will never happen. As future work, this situation could be avoided by detecting and blacklisting loops for which the average trace call executes few bytecodes before returning to the interpreter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>4. Nested Trace Tree Formation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 7 shows basic trace tree compilation (11) applied to a nested loop where the inner loop contains two paths. Usually, the inner loop (with header at i2) becomes hot first, and a trace tree is rooted at that point. For example, the first recorded trace may be a cycle</p>
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<p>Figure 5. A tree with two traces, a trunk trace and one branch trace. The trunk trace contains a guard to which a branch trace was attached. The branch trace contain a guard that may fail and trigger a side exit. Both the trunk and the branch trace loop back to the tree anchor, which is the beginning of the trace tree.</p>
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<p>Figure 6. We handle type-unstable loops by allowing traces to compile that cannot loop back to themselves due to a type mismatch. As such traces accumulate, we attempt to connect their loop edges to form groups of trace trees that can execute without having to side-exit to the interpreter to cover odd type cases. This is particularly important for nested trace trees where an outer tree tries to call an inner tree (or in this case a forest of inner trees), since inner loops frequently have initially undefined values which change type to a concrete value after the first iteration.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>through the inner loop, {i2, i3, i5, α}. The α symbol is used to indicate that the trace loops back the tree anchor. When execution leaves the inner loop, the basic design has two choices. First, the system can stop tracing and give up on compiling the outer loop, clearly an undesirable solution. The other choice is to continue tracing, compiling traces for the outer loop inside the inner loop’s trace tree.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For example, the program might exit at i5 and record a branch trace that incorporates the outer loop: {i</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>5, i 7, i 1, i 6, i 7, i 1, α}. Later, the program might take the other branch at i2 and then exit, recording another branch trace incorporating the outer loop: {i2, i4, i5, i7, i1, i6, i7, i1, α}. Thus, the outer loop is recorded and compiled twice, and both copies must be retained in the trace cache.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 7. Control flow graph of a nested loop with an if statement inside the inner most loop (a). An inner tree captures the inner loop, and is nested inside an outer tree which “calls” the inner tree. The inner tree returns to the outer tree once it exits along its loop condition guard (b).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In general, if loops are nested to depth k, and each loop has n paths (on geometric average), this naïve strategy yields O(n k)traces, which can easily fill the trace cache.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In order to execute programs with nested loops efficiently, a tracing system needs a technique for covering the nested loops with native code without exponential trace duplication.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>4.1 Nesting Algorithm</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The key insight is that if each loop is represented by its own trace tree, the code for each loop can be contained only in its own tree, and outer loop paths will not be duplicated. Another key fact is that we are not tracing arbitrary bytecodes that might have irreduceable control flow graphs, but rather bytecodes produced by a compiler for a language with structured control flow. Thus, given two loop edges, the system can easily determine whether they are nested and which is the inner loop. Using this knowledge, the system can compile inner and outer loops separately, and make the outer loop’s traces call the inner loop’s trace tree.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The algorithm for building nested trace trees is as follows. We start tracing at loop headers exactly as in the basic tracing system. When we exit a loop (detected by comparing the interpreter PC with the range given by the loop edge), we stop the trace. The key step of the algorithm occurs when we are recording a trace for loop LR (Rfor loop being recorded) and we reach the header of a different loop LO (Ofor other loop). Note that LO must be an inner loop of LR because we stop the trace when we exit a loop.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If LO has a type-matching compiled trace tree, we call LO as a nested trace tree. If the call succeeds, then we record the call in the trace for LR. On future executions, the trace for LR will call the inner trace directly.</li><li>If LO does not have a type-matching compiled trace tree yet, we have to obtain it before we are able to proceed. In order to do this, we simply abort recording the first trace. The trace monitor will see the inner loop header, and will immediately start recording the inner loop. 2</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If all the loops in a nest are type-stable, then loop nesting creates no duplication. Otherwise, if loops are nested to a depth k, and each loop is entered with m different type maps (on geometric average), then we compile O(m k)copies of the innermost loop. As long as m is close to 1, the resulting trace trees will be tractable.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>An important detail is that the call to the inner trace tree must act like a function call site: it must return to the same point every time. The goal of nesting is to make inner and outer loops independent; thus when the inner tree is called, it must exit to the same point in the outer tree every time with the same type map. Because we cannot actually guarantee this property, we must guard on it after the call, and side exit if the property does not hold. A common reason for the inner tree not to return to the same point would be if the inner tree took a new side exit for which it had never compiled a trace. At this point, the interpreter PC is in the inner tree, so we cannot continue recording or executing the outer tree. If this happens during recording, we abort the outer trace, to give the inner tree a chance to finish growing. A future execution of the outer tree would then be able to properly finish and record a call to the inner tree. If an inner tree side exit happens during execution of a compiled trace for the outer tree, we simply exit the outer trace and start recording a new branch in the inner tree.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>4.2 Blacklisting with Nesting</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The blacklisting algorithm needs modification to work well with nesting. The problem is that outer loop traces often abort during startup (because the inner tree is not available or takes a side exit), which would lead to their being quickly blacklisted by the basic algorithm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The key observation is that when an outer trace aborts because the inner tree is not ready, this is probably a temporary condition. Thus, we should not count such aborts toward blacklisting as long as we are able to build up more traces for the inner tree.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In our implementation, when an outer tree aborts on the inner tree, we increment the outer tree’s blacklist counter as usual and back off on compiling it. When the inner tree finishes a trace, we decrement the blacklist counter on the outer loop, “forgiving” the outer loop for aborting previously. We also undo the backoff so that the outer tree can start immediately trying to compile the next time we reach it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>5. Trace Tree Optimization</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This section explains how a recorded trace is translated to an optimized machine code trace. The trace compilation subsystem, NANOJIT, is separate from the VM and can be used for other applications.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 8. Control flow graph of a loop with two nested loops (left) and its nested trace tree configuration (right). The outer tree calls the two inner nested trace trees and places guards at their side exit locations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Instead of aborting the outer recording, we could principally merely suspend the recording, but that would require the implementation to be able to record several traces simultaneously, complicating the implementation, while saving only a few iterations in the interpreter.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>t t 1</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>t 2</p>
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<p>T r ee Call</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Out</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>er T r ee</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Nes</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>t ed T r ee</p>
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<h2>Exit Guar</h2>
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<pre class="wp-block-verse pdf-map-labels">d
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>i7</p>
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<pre class="wp-block-verse pdf-map-labels">(a)
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>5.1 Optimizations</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Because traces are in SSA form and have no join points or φ- nodes, certain optimizations are easy to implement. In order to get good startup performance, the optimizations must run quickly, so we chose a small set of optimizations. We implemented the optimizations as pipelined filters so that they can be turned on and off independently, and yet all run in just two loop passes over the trace: one forward and one backward. Every time the trace recorder emits a LIR instruction, the instruction is immediately passed to the first filter in the forward pipeline. Thus, forward filter optimizations are performed as the trace is recorded. Each filter may pass each instruction to the next filter unchanged, write a different instruction to the next filter, or write no instruction at all. For example, the constant folding filter can replace a multiply instruction like v13 : = mul3, 1000 with a constant instruction v13 = 3000. We currently apply four forward filters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>On ISAs without floating-point instructions, a soft-float filter converts floating-point LIR instructions to sequences of integer instructions.</li><li>CSE (constant subexpression elimination),</li><li>expression simplification, including constant folding and a few algebraic identities (e.g., a − a = 0), and</li><li>source language semantic-specific expression simplification, primarily algebraic identities that allow DOUBLE to be replaced with INT. For example, LIR that converts an INT to a DOUBLE and then back again would be removed by this filter.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When trace recording is completed, nanojit runs the backward optimization filters. These are used for optimizations that require backward program analysis. When running the backward filters, nanojit reads one LIR instruction at a time, and the reads are passed through the pipeline. We currently apply three backward filters:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Dead data-stack store elimination. The LIR trace encodes many stores to locations in the interpreter stack. But these values are never read back before exiting the trace (by the interpreter or another trace). Thus, stores to the stack that are overwritten before the next exit are dead. Stores to locations that are off the top of the interpreter stack at future exits are also dead.</li><li>Dead call-stack store elimination. This is the same optimization as above, except applied to the interpreter’s call stack used for function call inlining.</li><li>Dead code elimination. This eliminates any operation that stores to a value that is never used.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>After a LIR instruction is successfully read (“pulled”) from the backward filter pipeline, nanojit’s code generator emits native machine instruction(s) for it.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>5.2 Register Allocation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We use a simple greedy register allocator that makes a single backward pass over the trace (it is integrated with the code generator). By the time the allocator has reached an instruction like v3 = add v1, v2, it has already assigned a register to v3. If v1 and v2 have not yet been assigned registers, the allocator assigns a free register to each. If there are no free registers, a value is selected for spilling. We use a class heuristic that selects the “oldest” register- carried value (6).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The heuristic considers the set R of values v in registers immediately after the current instruction for spilling. Let vm be the last instruction before the current where each v is referred to.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Tag</th><th>JS Type</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>xx1</td><td>number</td><td>31-bit integer representation</td></tr><tr><td>000</td><td>object</td><td>pointer to JSObject handle</td></tr><tr><td>010</td><td>number</td><td>pointer to double handle</td></tr><tr><td>100</td><td>string</td><td>pointer to JSString handle</td></tr><tr><td>110</td><td>boolean</td><td>enumeration for null, undefined, true, false null, or undefined</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 9. Tagged values in the SpiderMonkey JS interpreter. Testing tags, unboxing (extracting the untagged value) and boxing (creating tagged values) are significant costs. Avoiding these costs is a key benefit of tracing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Then the heuristic selects v with minimum vm. The motivation is that this frees up a register for as long as possible given a single spill.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>If we need to spill a value vs at this point, we generate the restore code just after the code for the current instruction. The corresponding spill code is generated just after the last point where vs was used. The register that was assigned to vs is marked free for the preceding code, because that register can now be used freely without affecting the following code</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>6. Implementation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we have implemented a trace-based dynamic compiler for the SpiderMonkey JavaScript Virtual Machine (4). SpiderMonkey is the JavaScript VM embedded in Mozilla’s Firefox open-source web browser (2), which is used by more than 200 million users world-wide. The core of SpiderMonkey is a bytecode interpreter implemented in C++. In SpiderMonkey, all JavaScript values are represented by the type jsval. A jsval is machine word in which up to the 3 of the least significant bits are a type tag, and the remaining bits are data. See Figure 6 for details. All pointers contained in jsvals point to GC-controlled blocks aligned on 8-byte boundaries.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>JavaScript object values are mappings of string-valued property names to arbitrary values. They are represented in one of two ways in SpiderMonkey. Most objects are represented by a shared struc- tural description, called the object shape, that maps property names to array indexes using a hash table. The object stores a pointer to the shape and the array of its own property values. Objects with large, unique sets of property names store their properties directly in a hash table. The garbage collector is an exact, non-generational, stop-the- world mark-and-sweep collector. In the rest of this section we discuss key areas of the TraceMonkey implementation.</p>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>6.1 Calling Compiled Traces</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Compiled traces are stored in a trace cache, indexed by intepreter PC and type map. Traces are compiled so that they may be called as functions using standard native calling conventions (e.g., FASTCALL on x86). The interpreter must hit a loop edge and enter the monitor in order to call a native trace for the first time. The monitor computes the current type map, checks the trace cache for a trace for the current PC and type map, and if it finds one, executes the trace. To execute a trace, the monitor must build a trace activation record containing imported local and global variables, temporary stack space, and space for arguments to native calls. The local and global values are then copied from the interpreter state to the trace activation record. Then, the trace is called like a normal C function pointer.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>When a trace call returns, the monitor restores the interpreter state. First, the monitor checks the reason for the trace exit and applies blacklisting if needed. Then, it pops or synthesizes interpreter JavaScript call stack frames as needed. Finally, it copies the imported variables back from the trace activation record to the interpreter state.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>At least in the current implementation, these steps have a non- negligible runtime cost, so minimizing the number of interpreter- to-trace and trace-to-interpreter transitions is essential for performance. (see also Section 3.3). Our experiments (see Figure 12) show that for programs we can trace well such transitions happen infrequently and hence do not contribute significantly to total runtime. In a few programs, where the system is prevented from recording branch traces for hot side exits by aborts, this cost can rise to up to 10% of total execution time.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>6.2 Trace Stitching</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Transitions from a trace to a branch trace at a side exit avoid the costs of calling traces from the monitor, in a feature called trace stitching. At a side exit, the exiting trace only needs to write live register-carried values back to its trace activation record. In our implementation, identical type maps yield identical activation record layouts, so the trace activation record can be reused immediately by the branch trace.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In programs with branchy trace trees with small traces, trace stitching has a noticeable cost. Although writing to memory and then soon reading back would be expected to have a high L1 cache hit rate, for small traces the increased instruction count has a noticeable cost. Also, if the writes and reads are very close in the dynamic instruction stream, we have found that current x86 processors often incur penalties of 6 cycles or more (e.g., if the instructions use different base registers with equal values, the processor may not be able to detect that the addresses are the same right away).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The alternate solution is to recompile an entire trace tree, thus achieving inter-trace register allocation (10). The disadvantage is that tree recompilation takes time quadratic in the number of traces. We believe that the cost of recompiling a trace tree every time a branch is added would be prohibitive. That problem might be mitigated by recompiling only at certain points, or only for very hot, stable trees.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the future, multicore hardware is expected to be common, making background tree recompilation attractive. In a closely related project (13) background recompilation yielded speedups of up to 1.25x on benchmarks with many branch traces. We plan to apply this technique to TraceMonkey as future work.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>6.3 Trace Recording</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The job of the trace recorder is to emit LIR with identical semantics to the currently running interpreter bytecode trace. A good implementation should have low impact on non-tracing interpreter performance and a convenient way for implementers to maintain semantic equivalence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In our implementation, the only direct modification to the interpreter is a call to the trace monitor at loop edges. In our benchmark results (see Figure 12) the total time spent in the monitor (for all activities) is usually less than 5%, so we consider the interpreter impact requirement met. Incrementing the loop hit counter is expensive because it requires us to look up the loop in the trace cache, but we have tuned our loops to become hot and trace very quickly (on the second iteration). The hit counter implementation could be improved, which might give us a small increase in overall performance, as well as more flexibility with tuning hotness thresholds. Once a loop is blacklisted we never call into the trace monitor for that loop (see Section 3.3).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Recording is activated by a pointer swap that sets the interpreter’s dispatch table to call a single “interrupt” routine for every bytecode. The interrupt routine first calls a bytecode-specific recording routine. Then, it turns off recording if necessary (e.g., the trace ended). Finally, it jumps to the standard interpreter bytecode implementation. Some bytecodes have effects on the type map that cannot be predicted before executing the bytecode (e.g., calling String.charCodeAt, which returns an integer or NaN if the index argument is out of range). For these, we arrange for the interpreter to call into the recorder again after executing the bytecode. Since such hooks are relatively rare, we embed them directly into the interpreter, with an additional runtime check to see whether a recorder is currently active.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>While separating the interpreter from the recorder reduces individual code complexity, it also requires careful implementation and extensive testing to achieve semantic equivalence.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In some cases achieving this equivalence is difficult since SpiderMonkey follows a fat-bytecode design, which was found to be beneficial to pure interpreter performance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In fat-bytecode designs, individual bytecodes can implement complex processing (e.g., the getprop bytecode, which implements full JavaScript property value access, including special cases for cached and dense array access).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fat bytecodes have two advantages: fewer bytecodes means lower dispatch cost, and bigger bytecode implementations give the compiler more opportunities to optimize the interpreter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Fat bytecodes are a problem for TraceMonkey because they require the recorder to reimplement the same special case logic in the same way. Also, the advantages are reduced because (a) dispatch costs are eliminated entirely in compiled traces, (b) the traces contain only one special case, not the interpreter’s large chunk of code, and (c) TraceMonkey spends less time running the base interpreter.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One way we have mitigated these problems is by implementing certain complex bytecodes in the recorder as sequences of simple bytecodes. Expressing the original semantics this way is not too difficult, and recording simple bytecodes is much easier. This enables us to retain the advantages of fat bytecodes while avoiding some of their problems for trace recording. This is particularly effective for fat bytecodes that recurse back into the interpreter, for example to convert an object into a primitive value by invoking a well-known method on the object, since it lets us inline this function call.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It is important to note that we split fat opcodes into thinner opcodes only during recording. When running purely interpretatively (i.e. code that has been blacklisted), the interpreter directly and efficiently executes the fat opcodes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>6.4 Preemption</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SpiderMonkey, like many VMs, needs to preempt the user program periodically. The main reasons are to prevent infinitely looping scripts from locking up the host system and to schedule GC.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the interpreter, this had been implemented by setting a “preempt now” flag that was checked on every backward jump. This strategy carried over into TraceMonkey: the VM inserts a guard on the preemption flag at every loop edge. We measured less than a 1% increase in runtime on most benchmarks for this extra guard. In practice, the cost is detectable only for programs with very short loops.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We tested and rejected a solution that avoided the guards by compiling the loop edge as an unconditional jump, and patching the jump target to an exit routine when preemption is required. This solution can make the normal case slightly faster, but then preemption becomes very slow. The implementation was also very complex, especially trying to restart execution after the preemption.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>6.5 Calling External Functions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Like most interpreters, SpiderMonkey has a foreign function inter- face (FFI) that allows it to call C builtins and host system functions (e.g., web browser control and DOM access). The FFI has a standard signature for JS-callable functions, the key argument of which is an array of boxed values. External functions called through the FFI interact with the program state through an interpreter API (e.g., to read a property from an argument). There are also certain interpreter builtins that do not use the FFI, but interact with the program state in the same way, such as the CallIteratorNext function used with iterator objects. TraceMonkey must support this FFI in order to speed up code that interacts with the host system inside hot loops.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Calling external functions from TraceMonkey is potentially difficult because traces do not update the interpreter state until exiting. In particular, external functions may need the call stack or the global variables, but they may be out of date.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For the out-of-date call stack problem, we refactored some of the interpreter API implementation functions to re-materialize the interpreter call stack on demand.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We developed a C++ static analysis and annotated some interpreter functions in order to verify that the call stack is refreshed at any point it needs to be used. In order to access the call stack, a function must be annotated as either FORCESSTACK or REQUIRESSTACK. These annotations are also required in order to call REQUIRESSTACK functions, which are presumed to access the call stack transitively. FORCESSTACK is a trusted annotation, applied to only 5 functions, that means the function refreshes the call stack. REQUIRESSTACK is an untrusted annotation that means the function may only be called if the call stack has already been refreshed.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Similarly, we detect when host functions attempt to directly read or write global variables, and force the currently running trace to side exit. This is necessary since we cache and unbox global variables into the activation record during trace execution.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Since both call-stack access and global variable access are rarely performed by host functions, performance is not significantly affected by these safety mechanisms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Another problem is that external functions can reenter the interpreter by calling scripts, which in turn again might want to access the call stack or global variables. To address this problem, we made the VM set a flag whenever the interpreter is reentered while a compiled trace is running.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Every call to an external function then checks this flag and exits the trace immediately after returning from the external function call if it is set. There are many external functions that seldom or never reenter, and they can be called without problem, and will cause trace exit only if necessary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The FFI’s boxed value array requirement has a performance cost, so we defined a new FFI that allows C functions to be annotated with their argument types so that the tracer can call them directly, without unnecessary argument conversions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Currently, we do not support calling native property get and set override functions or DOM functions directly from trace. Support is planned future work.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>6.6 Correctness</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>During development, we had access to existing JavaScript test suites, but most of them were not designed with tracing VMs in mind and contained few loops.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>One tool that helped us greatly was Mozilla’s JavaScript fuzz tester, JSFUNFUZZ, which generates random JavaScript programs by nesting random language elements. We modified JSFUNFUZZ to generate loops, and also to test more heavily certain constructs we suspected would reveal flaws in our implementation. For example, we suspected bugs in TraceMonkey’s handling of type-unstable loops and heavily branching code, and a specialized fuzz tester indeed revealed several regressions which we subsequently corrected.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>7. Evaluation</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We evaluated our JavaScript tracing implementation using SunSpider, the industry standard JavaScript benchmark suite. SunSpider consists of 26 short-running (less than 250 ms, average 26 ms) JavaScript programs. This is in stark contrast to benchmark suites such as SpecJVM98 (3) used to evaluate desktop and server Java VMs. Many programs in those benchmarks use large data sets and execute for minutes. The SunSpider programs carry out a variety of tasks, primarily 3d rendering, bit-bashing, cryptographic encoding, math kernels, and string processing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>All experiments were performed on a MacBook Pro with 2.2 GHz Core 2 processor and 2 GB RAM running MacOS 10.5.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Benchmark results. The main question is whether programs run faster with tracing. For this, we ran the standard SunSpider test driver, which starts a JavaScript interpreter, loads and runs each program once for warmup, then loads and runs each program 10 times and reports the average time taken by each. We ran 4 different configurations for comparison: (a) SpiderMonkey, the baseline interpreter, (b) TraceMonkey, (d) SquirrelFish Extreme (SFX), the call-threaded JavaScript interpreter used in Apple’s WebKit, and (e) V8, the method-compiling JavaScript VM from Google.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 10 shows the relative speedups achieved by tracing, SFX, and V8 against the baseline (SpiderMonkey). Tracing achieves the best speedups in integer-heavy benchmarks, up to the 25x speedup on bitops-bitwise-and.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>TraceMonkey is the fastest VM on 9 of the 26 benchmarks (3d-morph, bitops-3 bit-bits-in-byte, bitops-bitwiseand, crypto-sha1, math-cordic, math-partial-sums, math- spectral-norm, string-base64, string-validate-input).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 11. Fraction of dynamic bytecodes executed by interpreter and on native traces. The speedup vs. interpreter is shown in parentheses next to each test. The fraction of bytecodes executed while recording is too small to see in this figure, except for crypto-md5, where fully 3% of bytecodes are executed while recording. In most of the tests, almost all the bytecodes are executed by compiled traces. Three of the benchmarks are not traced at all and run in the interpreter.</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 10. Speedup vs. a baseline JavaScript interpreter (SpiderMonkey) for our trace-based JIT compiler, Apple’s SquirrelFish Extreme inline threading interpreter and Google’s V8 JS compiler. Our system generates particularly efficient code for programs that benefit most from type specialization, which includes SunSpider Benchmark programs that perform bit manipulation. We type-specialize the code in question to use integer arithmetic, which substantially improves performance. For one of the benchmark programs we execute 25 times faster than the SpiderMonkey interpreter, and almost 5 times faster than V8 and SFX. For a large number of benchmarks all three VMs produce similar results. We perform worst on benchmark programs that we do not trace and instead fall back onto the interpreter. This includes the recursive benchmarks access-binary-trees and control-flow-recursive, for which we currently don’t generate any native code.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In particular, the bitops benchmarks are short programs that perform many bitwise operations, so TraceMonkey can cover the entire program with 1 or 2 traces that operate on integers. TraceMonkey runs all the other programs in this set almost entirely as native code. regexp-dna is dominated by regular expression matching, which is implemented in all 3 VMs by a special regular expression compiler. Thus, performance on this benchmark has little relation to the trace compilation approach discussed in this paper. TraceMonkey’s smaller speedups on the other benchmarks can be attributed to a few specific causes:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>The implementation does not currently trace recursion, so TraceMonkey achieves a small speedup or no speedup on benchmarks that use recursion extensively: 3d-cube, 3d- raytrace, access-binary-trees, string-tagcloud, and controlflow-recursive.</li><li>The implementation does not currently trace eval and some other functions implemented in C. Because date-format- tofte and date-format-xparb use such functions in their main loops, we do not trace them.</li><li>The implementation does not currently trace through regular expression replace operations. The replace function can be passed a function object used to compute the replacement text.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Our implementation currently does not trace functions called as replace functions. The run time of string-unpack-code is dominated by such a replace call.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Two programs trace well, but have a long compilation time.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>access-nbody forms a large number of traces (81). crypto-md5 forms one very long trace. We expect to improve performance on this programs by improving the compilation speed of nanojit.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Some programs trace very well, and speed up compared to the interpreter, but are not as fast as SFX and/or V8, namely bitops-bits-in-byte, bitops-nsieve-bits, access- fannkuch, access-nsieve, and crypto-aes. The reason is not clear, but all of these programs have nested loops with small bodies, so we suspect that the implementation has a relatively high cost for calling nested traces. string-fasta traces well, but its run time is dominated by string processing builtins, which are unaffected by tracing and seem to be less efficient in SpiderMonkey than in the two other VMs.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Detailed performance metrics. In Figure 11 we show the fraction of instructions interpreted and the fraction of instructions executed as native code. This figure shows that for many programs, we are able to execute almost all the code natively. Figure 12 breaks down the total execution time into four activities: interpreting bytecodes while not recording, recording traces (including time taken to interpret the recorded trace), compiling traces to native code, and executing native code traces. These detailed metrics allow us to estimate parameters for a simple model of tracing performance. These estimates should be considered very rough, as the values observed on the individual benchmarks have large standard deviations (on the order of the</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:verse -->
<pre class="wp-block-verse pdf-map-labels">Loops Trees Traces
3d-cube25 27 29 3
3d-morph5 8 8 2
3d-raytrace10 25 100 10
access-binary-trees0 0 0 5
access-fannkuch10 34 57 24
access-nbody8 16 18 5
access-nsieve3 6 8 3
bitops-3 bit-bits-in-byte 2 2 2 0
bitops-bits-in-byte3 3 4 1
bitops-bitwise-and1 1 1 0
bitops-nsieve-bits3 3 5 0
controlflow-recursive0 0 0 1
crypto-aes50 72 78 19
crypto-md54 4 5 0
crypto-sha15 5 10 0
date-format-tofte3 3 4 7
date-format-xparb3 3 11 3
math-cordic2 4 5 1
math-partial-sums2 4 4 1
math-spectral-norm15 20 20 0
regexp-dna2 2 2 0
string-base643 5 7 0
string-fasta5 11 15 6
string-tagcloud3 6 6 5
string-unpack-code4 4 37 0
string-validate-input6 10 13 1</pre>
<!-- /wp:verse -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 13. Detailed trace recording statistics for the SunSpider benchmark set.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>mean). We exclude regexp-dna from the following calculations, because most of its time is spent in the regular expression matcher, which has much different performance characteristics from the other programs. (Note that this only makes a difference of about 10% in the results.) Dividing the total execution time in processor clock cycles by the number of bytecodes executed in the base interpreter shows that on average, a bytecode executes in about 35 cycles. Native traces take about 9 cycles per bytecode, a 3.9x speedup over the interpreter. Using similar computations, we find that trace recording takes about 3800 cycles per bytecode, and compilation 3150 cycles per bytecode. Hence, during recording and compiling the VM runs at 1/200 the speed of the interpreter. Because it costs 6950 cycles to compile a bytecode, and we save 26 cycles each time that code is run natively, we break even after running a trace 270 times. The other VMs we compared with achieve an overall speedup of 3.0x relative to our baseline interpreter. Our estimated native code speedup of 3.9x is significantly better. This suggests that our compilation techniques can generate more efficient native code than any other current JavaScript VM. These estimates also indicate that our startup performance could be substantially better if we improved the speed of trace recording and compilation. The estimated 200x slowdown for recording and compilation is very rough, and may be influenced by startup factors in the interpreter (e.g., caches that have not warmed up yet during recording). One observation supporting this conjecture is that in the tracer, interpreted bytecodes take about 180 cycles to run. Still, recording and compilation are clearly both expensive, and a better implementation, possibly including redesign of the LIR abstract syntax or encoding, would improve startup performance. Our performance results confirm that type specialization using trace trees substantially improves performance. We are able to outperform the fastest available JavaScript compiler (V8) and the</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Aborts Flushes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Trees/Loop Traces/Tree Traces/Loop Speedup</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:verse -->
<pre class="wp-block-verse pdf-map-labels">01.11.11.2 2.20x
01.61.01.6 2.86x
12.54.010.0 1.18x
0--- 0.93x
03.41.75.7 2.20x
02.01.12.3 4.19x
02.01.32.7 3.05x
01.01.01.0 25.47x
01.01.31.3 8.67x
01.01.01.0 25.20x
01.01.71.7 2.75x
0--- 0.98x
01.41.11.6 1.64x
01.01.31.3 2.30x
01.02.02.0 5.95x
01.01.31.3 1.07x
01.03.73.7 0.98x
02.01.32.5 4.92x
02.01.02.0 5.90x
01.31.01.3 7.12x
01.01.01.0 4.21x
01.71.42.3 2.53x
02.21.43.0 1.49x
02.01.02.0 1.09x
01.09.39.3 1.20x
01.71.32.2 1.86x</pre>
<!-- /wp:verse -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>fastest available JavaScript inline threaded interpreter (SFX) on 9 of 26 benchmarks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>8. Related Work</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Trace optimization for dynamic languages. The closest area of related work is on applying trace optimization to type-specialize dynamic languages. Existing work shares the idea of generating type-specialized code speculatively with guards along interpreter traces. To our knowledge, Rigo’s Psyco (16) is the only published type-specializing trace compiler for a dynamic language (Python). Psyco does not attempt to identify hot loops or inline function calls. Instead, Psyco transforms loops to mutual recursion before running and traces all operations. Pall’s LuaJIT is a Lua VM in development that uses trace compilation ideas. (1). There are no publications on LuaJIT but the creator has told us that LuaJIT has a similar design to our system, but will use a less aggressive type speculation (e.g., using a floating- point representation for all number values) and does not generate nested traces for nested loops. General trace optimization. General trace optimization has a longer history that has treated mostly native code and typed languages like Java. Thus, these systems have focused less on type specialization and more on other optimizations. Dynamo (7) by Bala et al, introduced native code tracing as a replacement for profile-guided optimization (PGO). A major goal was to perform PGO online so that the profile was specific to the current execution. Dynamo used loop headers as candidate hot traces, but did not try to create loop traces specifically. Trace trees were originally proposed by Gal et al. (11) in the context of Java, a statically typed language. Their trace trees actually inlined parts of outer loops within the inner loops (because</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Figure 12. Fraction of time spent on major VM activities. The speedup vs. interpreter is shown in parentheses next to each test. Most programs where the VM spends the majority of its time running native code have a good speedup. Recording and compilation costs can be substantial; speeding up those parts of the implementation would improve SunSpider performance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>inner loops become hot first), leading to much greater tail duplication.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>YETI, from Zaleski et al. (19) applied Dynamo-style tracing to Java in order to achieve inlining, indirect jump elimination, and other optimizations. Their primary focus was on designing an interpreter that could easily be gradually re-engineered as a tracing VM.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Suganuma et al. (18) described region-based compilation (RBC), a relative of tracing. A region is an subprogram worth optimizing that can include subsets of any number of methods. Thus, the compiler has more flexibility and can potentially generate better code, but the profiling and compilation systems are correspondingly more complex.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Type specialization for dynamic languages. Dynamic language implementors have long recognized the importance of type specialization for performance. Most previous work has focused on methods instead of traces.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Chambers et. al (9) pioneered the idea of compiling multiple versions of a procedure specialized for the input types in the language Self. In one implementation, they generated a specialized method online each time a method was called with new input types. In another, they used an offline whole-program static analysis to infer input types and constant receiver types at call sites. Interestingly, the two techniques produced nearly the same performance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Salib (17) designed a type inference algorithm for Python based on the Cartesian Product Algorithm and used the results to specialize on types and translate the program to C++.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>McCloskey (14) has work in progress based on a language- independent type inference that is used to generate efficient C implementations of JavaScript and Python programs.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Native code generation by interpreters. The traditional interpreter design is a virtual machine that directly executes ASTs or machine-code-like bytecodes. Researchers have shown how to gen-</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>erate native code with nearly the same structure but better performance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Call threading, also known as context threading (8), compiles methods by generating a native call instruction to an interpreter method for each interpreter bytecode. A call-return pair has been shown to be a potentially much more efficient dispatch mechanism than the indirect jumps used in standard bytecode interpreters.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Inline threading (15) copies chunks of interpreter native code which implement the required bytecodes into a native code cache, thus acting as a simple per-method JIT compiler that eliminates the dispatch overhead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Neither call threading nor inline threading perform type specialization.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Apple’s SquirrelFish Extreme (5) is a JavaScript implementation based on call threading with selective inline threading. Combined with efficient interpreter engineering, these threading techniques have given SFX excellent performance on the standard SunSpider benchmarks.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Google’s V8 is a JavaScript implementation primarily based on inline threading, with call threading only for very complex operations.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>9. Conclusions</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This paper described how to run dynamic languages efficiently by recording hot traces and generating type-specialized native code. Our technique focuses on aggressively inlined loops, and for each loop, it generates a tree of native code traces representing the paths and value types through the loop observed at run time. We explained how to identify loop nesting relationships and generate nested traces in order to avoid excessive code duplication due to the many paths through a loop nest. We described our type specialization algorithm. We also described our trace compiler, which translates a trace from an intermediate representation to optimized native code in two linear passes.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Our experimental results show that in practice loops typically are entered with only a few different combinations of value types of variables. Thus, a small number of traces per loop is sufficient to run a program efficiently. Our experiments also show that on programs amenable to tracing, we achieve speedups of 2x to 20x.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>10. Future Work</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Work is underway in a number of areas to further improve the performance of our trace-based JavaScript compiler. We currently do not trace across recursive function calls, but plan to add the support for this capability in the near term. We are also exploring adoption of the existing work on tree recompilation in the context of the presented dynamic compiler in order to minimize JIT pause times and obtain the best of both worlds, fast tree stitching as well as the improved code quality due to tree recompilation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>We also plan on adding support for tracing across regular expression substitutions using lambda functions, function applications and expression evaluation using eval. All these language constructs are currently executed via interpretation, which limits our performance for applications that use those features.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Acknowledgments</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parts of this effort have been sponsored by the National Science Foundation under grants CNS-0615443 and CNS-0627747, as well as by the California MICRO Program and industrial sponsor Sun Microsystems under Project No. 07-127.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright annotation thereon. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed here are those of the author and should</p>
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<p>not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official views, policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the National Science foundation (NSF), any other agency of the U.S. Government, or any of the companies mentioned above.</p>
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<h2>References</h2>
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<p>[1] LuaJIT roadmap 2008 - <a href="http://lua-users.org/lists/lua-l/2008-02/msg00051.html">http://lua-users.org/lists/lua-l/2008-02/msg00051.html</a>.</p>
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<p>[2] Mozilla — Firefox web browser and Thunderbird email client - <a href="http://www.mozilla.com">http://www.mozilla.com</a>.</p>
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PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Trace-based Just-in-Time Type Specialization for Dynamic</h1>
<p>Andreas Gal∗+, Brendan Eich∗, Mike Shaver∗, David Anderson∗, David Mandelin∗, Mohammad R. Haghighat$, Blake Kaplan∗, Graydon Hoare∗, Boris Zbarsky∗, Jason Orendorff∗,</p>
<p>Jesse Ruderman∗, Edwin Smith#, Rick Reitmaier#, Michael Bebenita+, Mason Chang+#, Michael Franz+</p>
<p>{gal, brendan, shaver, danderson, dmandelin, mrbkap, graydon, bz, jorendorff, jruderman}mozilla.com</p>
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Dynamic languages such as JavaScript are more difficult to compile than statically typed ones. Since no concrete type information is available, traditional compilers need to emit generic code that can handle all possible type combinations at runtime. We present an alternative compilation technique for dynamically-typed languages that identifies frequently executed loop traces at run-time and then generates machine code on the fly that is specialized for the actual dynamic types occurring on each path through the loop. Our method provides cheap inter-procedural type specialization, and an elegant and efficient way of incrementally compiling lazily discovered alternative paths through nested loops. We have implemented a dynamic compiler for JavaScript based on our technique and we have measured speedups of 10x and more for certain benchmark programs.</p>
<p>Categories and Subject Descriptors D.3.4 [Programming Languages]: Processors — Incremental compilers, code generation.</p>
<p>General Terms Design, Experimentation, Measurement, Performance.</p>
<p>Keywords JavaScript, just-in-time compilation, trace trees.</p>
<h2>1. Introduction</h2>
<p>Dynamic languages such as JavaScript, Python, and Ruby, are pop- ular since they are expressive, accessible to non-experts, and make deployment as easy as distributing a source file. They are used for small scripts as well as for complex applications. JavaScript, for example, is the de facto standard for client-side web programming and is used for the application logic of browser-based productivity applications such as Google Mail, Google Docs and Zimbra Collaboration Suite. In this domain, in order to provide a fluid user experience and enable a new generation of applications, virtual machines must provide a low startup time and high performance.</p>
<p>Compilers for statically typed languages rely on type information to generate efficient machine code. In a dynamically typed programming language such as JavaScript, the types of expressions may vary at runtime. This means that the compiler can no longer easily transform operations into machine instructions that operate on one specific type. Without exact type information, the compiler must emit slower generalized machine code that can deal with all potential type combinations. While compile-time static type inference might be able to gather type information to generate optimized machine code, traditional static analysis is very expensive and hence not well suited for the highly interactive environment of a web browser.</p>
<p>We present a trace-based compilation technique for dynamic languages that reconciles speed of compilation with excellent performance of the generated machine code. Our system uses a mixed- mode execution approach: the system starts running JavaScript in a fast-starting bytecode interpreter. As the program runs, the system identifies hot (frequently executed) bytecode sequences, records them, and compiles them to fast native code. We call such a sequence of instructions a trace.</p>
<p>Unlike method-based dynamic compilers, our dynamic compiler operates at the granularity of individual loops. This design choice is based on the expectation that programs spend most of their time in hot loops. Even in dynamically typed languages, we expect hot loops to be mostly type-stable, meaning that the types of values are invariant. (12) For example, we would expect loop counters that start as integers to remain integers for all iterations. When both of these expectations hold, a trace-based compiler can cover the program execution with a small number of type-specialized, efficiently compiled traces.</p>
<p>Each compiled trace covers one path through the program with one mapping of values to types. When the VM executes a compiled trace, it cannot guarantee that the same path will be followed or that the same types will occur in subsequent loop iterations.</p>
<h2>Languages</h2>
<h2>Mozilla Corporation</h2>
<h2>Adobe Corporation</h2>
<p>{edwsmith, rreitmai}adobe.com</p>
<h2>Intel Corporation</h2>
<p>{mohammad.r.haghighat}intel.com</p>
<p>University of California, Irvine {mbebenit, changm, franz}uci.edu</p>
<p>Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. PLDI’09, June 15–20, 2009, Dublin, Ireland. Copyright c 2009 ACM 978-1-60558-392-1/09/06...$5.00</p>
<p>∗</p>
<p>#</p>
<p>$</p>
<p>+</p>
<p>Hence, recording and compiling a trace speculates that the path and typing will be exactly as they were during recording for subsequent iterations of the loop. Every compiled trace contains all the guards (checks) required to validate the speculation. If one of the guards fails (if control flow is different, or a value of a different type is generated), the trace exits. If an exit becomes hot, the VM can record a branch trace starting at the exit to cover the new path. In this way, the VM records a trace tree covering all the hot paths through the loop. Nested loops can be difficult to optimize for tracing VMs. In a naïve implementation, inner loops would become hot first, and the VM would start tracing there. When the inner loop exits, the VM would detect that a different branch was taken. The VM would try to record a branch trace, and find that the trace reaches not the inner loop header, but the outer loop header. At this point, the VM could continue tracing until it reaches the inner loop header again, thus tracing the outer loop inside a trace tree for the inner loop. But this requires tracing a copy of the outer loop for every side exit and type combination in the inner loop. In essence, this is a form of unintended tail duplication, which can easily overflow the code cache. Alternatively, the VM could simply stop tracing, and give up on ever tracing outer loops. We solve the nested loop problem by recording nested trace trees. Our system traces the inner loop exactly as the naïve version. The system stops extending the inner tree when it reaches an outer loop, but then it starts a new trace at the outer loop header. When the outer loop reaches the inner loop header, the system tries to call the trace tree for the inner loop. If the call succeeds, the VM records the call to the inner tree as part of the outer trace and finishes the outer trace as normal. In this way, our system can trace any number of loops nested to any depth without causing excessive tail duplication. These techniques allow a VM to dynamically translate a program to nested, type-specialized trace trees. Because traces can cross function call boundaries, our techniques also achieve the effects of inlining. Because traces have no internal control-flow joins, they can be optimized in linear time by a simple compiler (10). Thus, our tracing VM efficiently performs the same kind of optimizations that would require interprocedural analysis in a static optimization setting. This makes tracing an attractive and effective tool to type specialize even complex function call-rich code. We implemented these techniques for an existing JavaScript interpreter, SpiderMonkey. We call the resulting tracing VM TraceMonkey. TraceMonkey supports all the JavaScript features of SpiderMonkey, with a 2x-20x speedup for traceable programs. This paper makes the following contributions:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>We explain an algorithm for dynamically forming trace trees to cover a program, representing nested loops as nested trace trees.</p></li>
<li><p>We explain how to speculatively generate efficient type-specialized code for traces from dynamic language programs.</p></li>
<li><p>We validate our tracing techniques in an implementation based on the SpiderMonkey JavaScript interpreter, achieving 2x-20x speedups on many programs.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Section 3 is a general overview of trace tree based compilation we use to cap- ture and compile frequently executed code regions. In Section 4 we describe our approach of covering nested loops using a number of individual trace trees. In Section 5 we describe our trace- compilation based speculative type specialization approach we use to generate efficient machine code from recorded bytecode traces. Our implementation of a dynamic type-specializing compiler for JavaScript is described in Section 6. Related work is discussed in Section 8. In Section 7 we evaluate our dynamic compiler based on</p>
<p>1 for (var i = 2; i &lt; 100; ++i) { 2 if (! primes[i]) 3 continue; 4 for (var k = i + i; i &lt; 100; k += i) 5 primes[k] = false; 6 }</p>
<p>Figure 1. Sample program: sieve of Eratosthenes. primes is initialized to an array of 100 false values on entry to this code snippet.</p>
<div class="line-block">Interpret<br />Bytecodes<br />loop<br />edge cold/blacklisted<br />abort<br />Monitor compiled trace<br />recording<br />Record<br />hot<br />LIR Trace<br />loop/exit<br />finish at<br />loop header<br />loop edge with<br />same types<br />Compile<br />LIR Trace<br />side exit,<br />no existing trace</div>
<p>Figure 2. State machine describing the major activities of TraceMonkey and the conditions that cause transitions to a new activity. In the dark box, TM executes JS as compiled traces. In the light gray boxes, TM executes JS in the standard interpreter. White boxes are overhead. Thus, to maximize performance, we need to maximize time spent in the darkest box and minimize time spent in the white boxes. The best case is a loop where the types at the loop edge are the same as the types on entry–then TM can stay in native code until the loop is done.</p>
<p>a set of industry benchmarks. The paper ends with conclusions in Section 9 and an outlook on future work is presented in Section 10.</p>
<h2>2. Overview: Example Tracing Run</h2>
<p>This section provides an overview of our system by describing how TraceMonkey executes an example program. The example program, shown in Figure 1, computes the first 100 prime numbers with nested loops. The narrative should be read along with Figure 2, which describes the activities TraceMonkey performs and when it transitions between the loops. TraceMonkey always begins executing a program in the bytecode interpreter. Every loop back edge is a potential trace point. When the interpreter crosses a loop edge, TraceMonkey invokes the trace monitor, which may decide to record or execute a native trace. At the start of execution, there are no compiled traces yet, so the trace monitor counts the number of times each loop back edge is executed until a loop becomes hot, currently after 2 crossings. Note that the way our loops are compiled, the loop edge is crossed before entering the loop, so the second crossing occurs immediately after the first iteration. Here is the sequence of events broken down by outer loop iteration:</p>
<h2>Symbol Key Overhead</h2>
<h2>Interpreting</h2>
<h2>Native</h2>
<p>loop/exit</p>
<p>ready</p>
<h2>Enter</h2>
<h2>Compiled Trace</h2>
<h2>Execute</h2>
<h2>Compiled Trace</h2>
<p>side exit to existing trace</p>
<h2>Leave</h2>
<h2>Compiled Trace</h2>
<pre><code>v0 := ld state[748]      // load primes from the trace activation record
      st sp[0], v0       // store primes to interpreter stack
v1 := ld state[764]      // load k from the trace activation record
v2 := i2f(v1)           // convert k from int to double
      st sp[8], v1       // store k to interpreter stack
      st sp[16], 0       // store false to interpreter stack
v3 := ld v0[4]          // load class word for primes
v4 := and v3, -4        // mask out object class tag for primes
v5 := eq v4, Array       // test whether primes is an array
      xf v5             // side exit if v5 is false
v6 := js_Array_set(v0, v2, false)   // call function to set array element
v7 := eq v6, 0          // test return value from call
      xt v7             // side exit if js_Array_set returns false.</code></pre>
<p>Figure 3. LIR snippet for sample program. This is the LIR recorded for line 5 of the sample program in Figure 1. The LIR encodes the semantics in SSA form using temporary variables. The LIR also encodes all the stores that the interpreter would do to its data stack. Sometimes these stores can be optimized away as the stack locations are live only on exits to the interpreter. Finally, the LIR records guards and side exits to verify the assumptions made in this recording: that primes is an array and that the call to set its element succeeds.</p>
<pre><code>mov edx, ebx(748)       // load primes from the trace activation record
mov edi(0), edx        // (*) store primes to interpreter stack
mov esi, ebx(764)       // load k from the trace activation record
mov edi(8), esi        // (*) store k to interpreter stack
mov edi(16), 0         // (*) store false to interpreter stack
mov eax, edx(4)        // (*) load object class word for primes
and eax, -4            // (*) mask out object class tag for primes
cmp eax, Array         // (*) test whether primes is an array
jne side_exit_1        // (*) side exit if primes is not an array
sub esp, 8             // bump stack for call alignment convention
push false             // push last argument for call
push esi               // push first argument for call
call js_Array_set       // call function to set array element
add esp, 8             // clean up extra stack space
mov ecx, ebx           // (*) created by register allocator
test eax, eax          // (*) test return value of js_Array_set
je side_exit_2         // (*) side exit if call failed
...
side_exit_1:
mov ecx, ebp(-4)        // restore ecx
mov esp, ebp           // restore esp
jmp epilog             // jump to ret statement</code></pre>
<p>Figure 4. x86 snippet for sample program. This is the x86 code compiled from the LIR snippet in Figure 3. Most LIR instructions compile to a single x86 instruction. Instructions marked with (*) would be omitted by an idealized compiler that knew that none of the side exits would ever be taken. The 17 instructions generated by the compiler compare favorably with the 100+ instructions that the interpreter would execute for the same code snippet, including 4 indirect jumps.</p>
<p>i=2. This is the first iteration of the outer loop. The loop on lines 4-5 becomes hot on its second iteration, so TraceMonkey enters recording mode on line 4. In recording mode, TraceMonkey records the code along the trace in a low-level compiler intermediate representation we call LIR. The LIR trace encodes all the operations performed and the types of all operands. The LIR trace also encodes guards, which are checks that verify that the control flow and types are identical to those observed during trace recording. Thus, on later executions, if and only if all guards are passed, the trace has the required program semantics.</p>
<p>TraceMonkey stops recording when execution returns to the loop header or exits the loop. In this case, execution returns to the loop header on line 4.</p>
<p>After recording is finished, TraceMonkey compiles the trace to native code using the recorded type information for optimization. The result is a native code fragment that can be entered if the interpreter PC and the types of values match those observed when trace recording was started. The first trace in our example, T45, covers lines 4 and 5. This trace can be entered if the PC is at line 4, i and k are integers, and primes is an object. After compiling T45, TraceMonkey returns to the interpreter and loops back to line 1. i=3. Now the loop header at line 1 has become hot, so TraceMonkey starts recording. When recording reaches line 4, TraceMonkey observes that it has reached an inner loop header that already has a compiled trace, so TraceMonkey attempts to nest the inner loop inside the current trace. The first step is to call the inner trace as a subroutine. This executes the loop on line 4 to completion and then returns to the recorder. TraceMonkey verifies that the call was successful and then records the call to the inner trace as part of the current trace. Recording continues until execution reaches line 1, and at which point TraceMonkey finishes and compiles a trace for the outer loop, T16.</p>
<p>i=</p>
<ol start="4">
<li><p>On this iteration, TraceMonkey calls T16. Because i=4, the if statement on line 2 is taken. This branch was not taken in the original trace, so this causes T16 to fail a guard and take a side exit. The exit is not yet hot, so TraceMonkey returns to the interpreter, which executes the continue statement. i=</p></li>
<li><p>TraceMonkey calls T16, which in turn calls the nested trace T45. T16 loops back to its own header, starting the next iteration without ever returning to the monitor. i=</p></li>
<li><p>On this iteration, the side exit on line 2 is taken again. This time, the side exit becomes hot, so a trace T23, 1 is recorded that covers line 3 and returns to the loop header. Thus, the end of T23, 1 jumps directly to the start of T16. The side exit is patched so that on future iterations, it jumps directly to T23, 1.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>At this point, TraceMonkey has compiled enough traces to cover the entire nested loop structure, so the rest of the program runs entirely as native code.</p>
<h2>3. Trace Trees</h2>
<p>In this section, we describe traces, trace trees, and how they are formed at run time. Although our techniques apply to any dynamic language interpreter, we will describe them assuming a bytecode interpreter to keep the exposition simple.</p>
<h2>3.1 Traces</h2>
<p>A trace is simply a program path, which may cross function call boundaries. TraceMonkey focuses on loop traces, that originate at a loop edge and represent a single iteration through the associated loop.</p>
<p>Similar to an extended basic block, a trace is only entered at the top, but may have many exits. In contrast to an extended basic block, a trace can contain join nodes. Since a trace always only follows one single path through the original program, however, join nodes are not recognizable as such in a trace and have a single predecessor node like regular nodes.</p>
<p>A typed trace is a trace annotated with a type for every variable (including temporaries) on the trace. A typed trace also has an entry type map giving the required types for variables used on the trace before they are defined. For example, a trace could have a type map (x: int, b: boolean), meaning that the trace may be entered only if the value of the variable x is of type int and the value of b is of type boolean. The entry type map is much like the signature of a function.</p>
<p>In this paper, we only discuss typed loop traces, and we will refer to them simply as “traces”. The key property of typed loop traces is that they can be compiled to efficient machine code using the same techniques used for typed languages.</p>
<p>In TraceMonkey, traces are recorded in trace-flavored SSA LIR (low-level intermediate representation). In trace-flavored SSA (or TSSA), phi nodes appear only at the entry point, which is reached both on entry and via loop edges. The important LIR primitives are constant values, memory loads and stores (by address and offset), integer operators, floating-point operators, function calls, and conditional exits. Type conversions, such as integer to double, are represented by function calls. This makes the LIR used by TraceMonkey independent of the concrete type system and type conversion rules of the source language. The LIR operations are generic enough that the backend compiler is language independent. Figure 3 shows an example LIR trace.</p>
<p>Bytecode interpreters typically represent values in a various complex data structures (e.g., hash tables) in a boxed format (i.e., with attached type tag bits). Since a trace is intended to represent efficient code that eliminates all that complexity, our traces operate on unboxed values in simple variables and arrays as much as possible.</p>
<p>A trace records all its intermediate values in a small activation record area. To make variable accesses fast on trace, the trace also imports local and global variables by unboxing them and copying them to its activation record. Thus, the trace can read and write these variables with simple loads and stores from a native activation recording, independently of the boxing mechanism used by the interpreter. When the trace exits, the VM boxes the values from this native storage location and copies them back to the interpreter structures.</p>
<p>For every control-flow branch in the source program, the recorder generates conditional exit LIR instructions. These instructions exit from the trace if required control flow is different from what it was at trace recording, ensuring that the trace instructions are run only if they are supposed to. We call these instructions guard instructions.</p>
<p>Most of our traces represent loops and end with the special loop LIR instruction. This is just an unconditional branch to the top of the trace. Such traces return only via guards.</p>
<p>Now, we describe the key optimizations that are performed as part of recording LIR. All of these optimizations reduce complex dynamic language constructs to simple typed constructs by specializing for the current trace. Each optimization requires guard instructions to verify their assumptions about the state and exit the trace if necessary.</p>
<p>Type specialization.</p>
<p>All LIR primitives apply to operands of specific types. Thus, LIR traces are necessarily type-specialized, and a compiler can easily produce a translation that requires no type dispatches. A typical bytecode interpreter carries tag bits along with each value, and to perform any operation, must check the tag bits, dynamically dispatch, mask out the tag bits to recover the untagged value, perform the operation, and then reapply tags. LIR omits everything except the operation itself.</p>
<p>A potential problem is that some operations can produce values of unpredictable types. For example, reading a property from an object could yield a value of any type, not necessarily the type observed during recording. The recorder emits guard instructions that conditionally exit if the operation yields a value of a different type from that seen during recording. These guard instructions guarantee that as long as execution is on trace, the types of values match those of the typed trace. When the VM observes a side exit along such a type guard, a new typed trace is recorded originating at the side exit location, capturing the new type of the operation in question.</p>
<p>Representation specialization: objects. In JavaScript, name lookup semantics are complex and potentially expensive because they include features like object inheritance and eval. To evaluate an object property read expression like o.x, the interpreter must search the property map of o and all of its prototypes and parents. Property maps can be implemented with different data structures (e.g., per-object hash tables or shared hash tables), so the search process also must dispatch on the representation of each object found during search. TraceMonkey can simply observe the result of the search process and record the simplest possible LIR to access the property value. For example, the search might finds the value of o.x in the prototype of o, which uses a shared hash-table representation that places x in slot 2 of a property vector. Then the recorded can generate LIR that reads o.x with just two or three loads: one to get the prototype, possibly one to get the property value vector, and one more to get slot 2 from the vector. This is a vast simplification and speedup compared to the original interpreter code. Inheritance relationships and object representations can change during execution, so the simplified code requires guard instructions that ensure the object representation is the same. In TraceMonkey, objects’ rep- resentations are assigned an integer key called the object shape. Thus, the guard is a simple equality check on the object shape.</p>
<p>Representation specialization: numbers. JavaScript has no integer type, only a Number type that is the set of 64-bit IEEE- 754 floating-pointer numbers (“doubles”). But many JavaScript operators, in particular array accesses and bitwise operators, really operate on integers, so they first convert the number to an integer, and then convert any integer result back to a double.1 Clearly, a JavaScript VM that wants to be fast must find a way to operate on integers directly and avoid these conversions.</p>
<p>In TraceMonkey, we support two representations for numbers: integers and doubles. The interpreter uses integer representations as much as it can, switching for results that can only be represented as doubles. When a trace is started, some values may be imported and represented as integers. Some operations on integers require guards. For example, adding two integers can produce a value too large for the integer representation.</p>
<p>Function inlining. LIR traces can cross function boundaries in either direction, achieving function inlining. Move instructions need to be recorded for function entry and exit to copy arguments in and return values out. These move statements are then optimized away by the compiler using copy propagation. In order to be able to return to the interpreter, the trace must also generate LIR to record that a call frame has been entered and exited. The frame entry and exit LIR saves just enough information to allow the intepreter call stack to be restored later and is much simpler than the interpreter’s standard call code. If the function being entered is not constant (which in JavaScript includes any call by function name), the recorder must also emit LIR to guard that the function is the same.</p>
<p>Guards and side exits. Each optimization described above requires one or more guards to verify the assumptions made in doing the optimization. A guard is just a group of LIR instructions that performs a test and conditional exit. The exit branches to a side exit, a small off-trace piece of LIR that returns a pointer to a structure that describes the reason for the exit along with the interpreter PC at the exit point and any other data needed to restore the interpreter’s state structures.</p>
<p>Aborts. Some constructs are difficult to record in LIR traces. For example, eval or calls to external functions can change the program state in unpredictable ways, making it difficult for the tracer to know the current type map in order to continue tracing. A tracing implementation can also have any number of other limitations, e.g., a small-memory device may limit the length of traces. When any situation occurs that prevents the implementation from continuing trace recording, the implementation aborts trace recording and returns to the trace monitor.</p>
<h2>3.2 Trace Trees</h2>
<p>Especially simple loops, namely those where control flow, value types, value representations, and inlined functions are all invariant, can be represented by a single trace. But most loops have at least some variation, and so the program will take side exits from the main trace. When a side exit becomes hot, TraceMonkey starts a new branch trace from that point and patches the side exit to jump directly to that trace. In this way, a single trace expands on demand to a single-entry, multiple-exit trace tree.</p>
<p>This section explains how trace trees are formed during execution. The goal is to form trace trees during execution that cover all the hot paths of the program.</p>
<p>Starting a tree. Tree trees always start at loop headers, because they are a natural place to look for hot paths. In TraceMonkey, loop headers are easy to detect–the bytecode compiler ensures that a bytecode is a loop header iff it is the target of a backward branch. TraceMonkey starts a tree when a given loop header has been executed a certain number of times (2 in the current implementation). Starting a tree just means starting recording a trace for the current point and type map and marking the trace as the root of a tree. Each tree is associated with a loop header and type map, so there may be several trees for a given loop header.</p>
<p>Closing the loop. Trace recording can end in several ways.</p>
<p>Ideally, the trace reaches the loop header where it started with the same type map as on entry. This is called a type-stable loop iteration. In this case, the end of the trace can jump right to the beginning, as all the value representations are exactly as needed to enter the trace. The jump can even skip the usual code that would copy out the state at the end of the trace and copy it back in to the trace activation record to enter a trace.</p>
<p>In certain cases the trace might reach the loop header with a different type map. This scenario is sometime observed for the first iteration of a loop. Some variables inside the loop might initially be undefined, before they are set to a concrete type during the first loop iteration. When recording such an iteration, the recorder cannot link the trace back to its own loop header since it is type-unstable. Instead, the iteration is terminated with a side exit that will always fail and return to the interpreter. At the same time a new trace is recorded with the new type map. Every time an additional type- unstable trace is added to a region, its exit type map is compared to the entry map of all existing traces in case they complement each other. With this approach we are able to cover type-unstable loop iterations as long they eventually form a stable equilibrium.</p>
<p>Finally, the trace might exit the loop before reaching the loop header, for example because execution reaches a break or return statement. In this case, the VM simply ends the trace with an exit to the trace monitor.</p>
<p>As mentioned previously, we may speculatively chose to represent certain Number-typed values as integers on trace. We do so when we observe that Number-typed variables contain an integer value at trace entry. If during trace recording the variable is unexpectedly assigned a non-integer value, we have to widen the type of the variable to a double. As a result, the recorded trace becomes inherently type-unstable since it starts with an integer value but ends with a double value. This represents a mis-speculation, since at trace entry we specialized the Number-typed value to an integer, assuming that at the loop edge we would again find an integer value in the variable, allowing us to close the loop. To avoid future speculative failures involving this variable, and to obtain a type-stable trace we note the fact that the variable in question as been observed to sometimes hold non-integer values in an advisory data structure which we call the “oracle”.</p>
<p>When compiling loops, we consult the oracle before specializing values to integers. Speculation towards integers is performed only if no adverse information is known to the oracle about that particular variable. Whenever we accidentally compile a loop that is type-unstable due to mis-speculation of a Number-typed variable, we immediately trigger the recording of a new trace, which based on the now updated oracle information will start with a double value and thus become type stable.</p>
<p>Extending a tree. Side exits lead to different paths through the loop, or paths with different types or representations. Thus, to completely cover the loop, the VM must record traces starting at all side exits. These traces are recorded much like root traces: there is a counter for each side exit, and when the counter reaches a hotness threshold, recording starts. Recording stops exactly as for the root trace, using the loop header of the root trace as the target to reach.</p>
<p>Arrays are actually worse than this: if the index value is a number, it must be converted from a double to a string for the property access operator, and then to an integer internally to the array implementation.</p>
<p>Our implementation does not extend at all side exits. It extends only if the side exit is for a control-flow branch, and only if the side exit does not leave the loop. In particular we do not want to extend a trace tree along a path that leads to an outer loop, because we want to cover such paths in an outer tree through tree nesting.</p>
<h2>3.3 Blacklisting</h2>
<p>Sometimes, a program follows a path that cannot be compiled into a trace, usually because of limitations in the implementation. TraceMonkey does not currently support recording throwing and catching of arbitrary exceptions. This design trade off was chosen, because exceptions are usually rare in JavaScript. However, if a program opts to use exceptions intensively, we would suddenly incur a punishing runtime overhead if we repeatedly try to record a trace for this path and repeatedly fail to do so, since we abort tracing every time we observe an exception being thrown. As a result, if a hot loop contains traces that always fail, the VM could potentially run much more slowly than the base interpreter: the VM repeatedly spends time trying to record traces, but is never able to run any. To avoid this problem, whenever the VM is about to start tracing, it must try to predict whether it will finish the trace.</p>
<p>Our prediction algorithm is based on blacklisting traces that have been tried and failed. When the VM fails to finish a trace starting at a given point, the VM records that a failure has occurred. The VM also sets a counter so that it will not try to record a trace starting at that point until it is passed a few more times (32 in our imple- mentation). This backoff counter gives temporary conditions that prevent tracing a chance to end. For example, a loop may behave differently during startup than during its steady-state execution. After a given number of failures (2 in our implementation), the VM marks the fragment as blacklisted, which means the VM will never again start recording at that point. After implementing this basic strategy, we observed that for small loops that get blacklisted, the system can spend a noticeable amount of time just finding the loop fragment and determining that it has been blacklisted. We now avoid that problem by patching the bytecode. We define an extra no-op bytecode that indicates a loop header. The VM calls into the trace monitor every time the interpreter executes a loop header no-op. To blacklist a fragment, we simply replace the loop header no-op with a regular no-op. Thus, the interpreter will never again even call into the trace monitor. There is a related problem we have not yet solved, which occurs when a loop meets all of these conditions:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The VM can form at least one root trace for the loop.</p></li>
<li><p>There is at least one hot side exit for which the VM cannot complete a trace.</p></li>
<li><p>The loop body is short.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>In this case, the VM will repeatedly pass the loop header, search for a trace, find it, execute it, and fall back to the interpreter. With a short loop body, the overhead of finding and calling the trace is high, and causes performance to be even slower than the basic interpreter. So far, in this situation we have improved the implementation so that the VM can complete the branch trace. But it is hard to guarantee that this situation will never happen. As future work, this situation could be avoided by detecting and blacklisting loops for which the average trace call executes few bytecodes before returning to the interpreter.</p>
<h2>4. Nested Trace Tree Formation</h2>
<p>Figure 7 shows basic trace tree compilation (11) applied to a nested loop where the inner loop contains two paths. Usually, the inner loop (with header at i2) becomes hot first, and a trace tree is rooted at that point. For example, the first recorded trace may be a cycle</p>
<div class="line-block">T<br />T<br />runk T<br />r<br />ace<br />T<br />r<br />ee Anchor<br />T<br />r<br />ace Anchor<br />Br<br />anch T<br />r<br />ace<br />Guar<br />d<br />Side Exit</div>
<p>Figure 5. A tree with two traces, a trunk trace and one branch trace. The trunk trace contains a guard to which a branch trace was attached. The branch trace contain a guard that may fail and trigger a side exit. Both the trunk and the branch trace loop back to the tree anchor, which is the beginning of the trace tree.</p>
<div class="line-block">T<br />r<br />ace 2<br />T<br />r<br />ace 1<br />T<br />r<br />ace 2<br />T<br />r<br />ace 1<br />Closed<br />Link<br />ed<br />Link<br />ed<br />Link<br />ed<br />Number<br />Number<br />String<br />String<br />String<br />String<br />Boolean<br />T<br />r<br />ace 2<br />T<br />r<br />ace 1<br />T<br />r<br />ace 3<br />Link<br />ed<br />Link<br />ed<br />Link<br />ed<br />Closed<br />Number<br />Number<br />Number<br />Boolean Number<br />Boolean<br />Number<br />Boolean<br />(a)<br />(b)<br />(c)</div>
<p>Figure 6. We handle type-unstable loops by allowing traces to compile that cannot loop back to themselves due to a type mismatch. As such traces accumulate, we attempt to connect their loop edges to form groups of trace trees that can execute without having to side-exit to the interpreter to cover odd type cases. This is particularly important for nested trace trees where an outer tree tries to call an inner tree (or in this case a forest of inner trees), since inner loops frequently have initially undefined values which change type to a concrete value after the first iteration.</p>
<p>through the inner loop, {i2, i3, i5, α}. The α symbol is used to indicate that the trace loops back the tree anchor. When execution leaves the inner loop, the basic design has two choices. First, the system can stop tracing and give up on compiling the outer loop, clearly an undesirable solution. The other choice is to continue tracing, compiling traces for the outer loop inside the inner loop’s trace tree.</p>
<p>For example, the program might exit at i5 and record a branch trace that incorporates the outer loop: {i</p>
<p>5, i 7, i 1, i 6, i 7, i 1, α}. Later, the program might take the other branch at i2 and then exit, recording another branch trace incorporating the outer loop: {i2, i4, i5, i7, i1, i6, i7, i1, α}. Thus, the outer loop is recorded and compiled twice, and both copies must be retained in the trace cache.</p>
<p>Figure 7. Control flow graph of a nested loop with an if statement inside the inner most loop (a). An inner tree captures the inner loop, and is nested inside an outer tree which “calls” the inner tree. The inner tree returns to the outer tree once it exits along its loop condition guard (b).</p>
<p>In general, if loops are nested to depth k, and each loop has n paths (on geometric average), this naïve strategy yields O(n k)traces, which can easily fill the trace cache.</p>
<p>In order to execute programs with nested loops efficiently, a tracing system needs a technique for covering the nested loops with native code without exponential trace duplication.</p>
<h2>4.1 Nesting Algorithm</h2>
<p>The key insight is that if each loop is represented by its own trace tree, the code for each loop can be contained only in its own tree, and outer loop paths will not be duplicated. Another key fact is that we are not tracing arbitrary bytecodes that might have irreduceable control flow graphs, but rather bytecodes produced by a compiler for a language with structured control flow. Thus, given two loop edges, the system can easily determine whether they are nested and which is the inner loop. Using this knowledge, the system can compile inner and outer loops separately, and make the outer loop’s traces call the inner loop’s trace tree.</p>
<p>The algorithm for building nested trace trees is as follows. We start tracing at loop headers exactly as in the basic tracing system. When we exit a loop (detected by comparing the interpreter PC with the range given by the loop edge), we stop the trace. The key step of the algorithm occurs when we are recording a trace for loop LR (Rfor loop being recorded) and we reach the header of a different loop LO (Ofor other loop). Note that LO must be an inner loop of LR because we stop the trace when we exit a loop.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If LO has a type-matching compiled trace tree, we call LO as a nested trace tree. If the call succeeds, then we record the call in the trace for LR. On future executions, the trace for LR will call the inner trace directly.</p></li>
<li><p>If LO does not have a type-matching compiled trace tree yet, we have to obtain it before we are able to proceed. In order to do this, we simply abort recording the first trace. The trace monitor will see the inner loop header, and will immediately start recording the inner loop. 2</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If all the loops in a nest are type-stable, then loop nesting creates no duplication. Otherwise, if loops are nested to a depth k, and each loop is entered with m different type maps (on geometric average), then we compile O(m k)copies of the innermost loop. As long as m is close to 1, the resulting trace trees will be tractable.</p>
<p>An important detail is that the call to the inner trace tree must act like a function call site: it must return to the same point every time. The goal of nesting is to make inner and outer loops independent; thus when the inner tree is called, it must exit to the same point in the outer tree every time with the same type map. Because we cannot actually guarantee this property, we must guard on it after the call, and side exit if the property does not hold. A common reason for the inner tree not to return to the same point would be if the inner tree took a new side exit for which it had never compiled a trace. At this point, the interpreter PC is in the inner tree, so we cannot continue recording or executing the outer tree. If this happens during recording, we abort the outer trace, to give the inner tree a chance to finish growing. A future execution of the outer tree would then be able to properly finish and record a call to the inner tree. If an inner tree side exit happens during execution of a compiled trace for the outer tree, we simply exit the outer trace and start recording a new branch in the inner tree.</p>
<h2>4.2 Blacklisting with Nesting</h2>
<p>The blacklisting algorithm needs modification to work well with nesting. The problem is that outer loop traces often abort during startup (because the inner tree is not available or takes a side exit), which would lead to their being quickly blacklisted by the basic algorithm.</p>
<p>The key observation is that when an outer trace aborts because the inner tree is not ready, this is probably a temporary condition. Thus, we should not count such aborts toward blacklisting as long as we are able to build up more traces for the inner tree.</p>
<p>In our implementation, when an outer tree aborts on the inner tree, we increment the outer tree’s blacklist counter as usual and back off on compiling it. When the inner tree finishes a trace, we decrement the blacklist counter on the outer loop, “forgiving” the outer loop for aborting previously. We also undo the backoff so that the outer tree can start immediately trying to compile the next time we reach it.</p>
<h2>5. Trace Tree Optimization</h2>
<p>This section explains how a recorded trace is translated to an optimized machine code trace. The trace compilation subsystem, NANOJIT, is separate from the VM and can be used for other applications.</p>
<p>Figure 8. Control flow graph of a loop with two nested loops (left) and its nested trace tree configuration (right). The outer tree calls the two inner nested trace trees and places guards at their side exit locations.</p>
<p>Instead of aborting the outer recording, we could principally merely suspend the recording, but that would require the implementation to be able to record several traces simultaneously, complicating the implementation, while saving only a few iterations in the interpreter.</p>
<p>t t 1</p>
<p>t 2</p>
<p>T r ee Call</p>
<h2>Out</h2>
<p>er T r ee</p>
<h2>Nes</h2>
<p>t ed T r ee</p>
<h2>Exit Guar</h2>
<div class="line-block">d<br />(b)<br />t<br />2<br />1<br />t<br />4<br />Exit Guar<br />d<br />Nes<br />t<br />ed T<br />r<br />ee<br />i<br />i2<br />1<br />i6<br />i3 i4<br />i5</div>
<p>i7</p>
<div class="line-block">(a)<br />i<br />i2<br />i3<br />i4<br />i5<br />1<br />i6</div>
<h2>5.1 Optimizations</h2>
<p>Because traces are in SSA form and have no join points or φ- nodes, certain optimizations are easy to implement. In order to get good startup performance, the optimizations must run quickly, so we chose a small set of optimizations. We implemented the optimizations as pipelined filters so that they can be turned on and off independently, and yet all run in just two loop passes over the trace: one forward and one backward. Every time the trace recorder emits a LIR instruction, the instruction is immediately passed to the first filter in the forward pipeline. Thus, forward filter optimizations are performed as the trace is recorded. Each filter may pass each instruction to the next filter unchanged, write a different instruction to the next filter, or write no instruction at all. For example, the constant folding filter can replace a multiply instruction like v13 : = mul3, 1000 with a constant instruction v13 = 3000. We currently apply four forward filters:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>On ISAs without floating-point instructions, a soft-float filter converts floating-point LIR instructions to sequences of integer instructions.</p></li>
<li><p>CSE (constant subexpression elimination),</p></li>
<li><p>expression simplification, including constant folding and a few algebraic identities (e.g., a − a = 0), and</p></li>
<li><p>source language semantic-specific expression simplification, primarily algebraic identities that allow DOUBLE to be replaced with INT. For example, LIR that converts an INT to a DOUBLE and then back again would be removed by this filter.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>When trace recording is completed, nanojit runs the backward optimization filters. These are used for optimizations that require backward program analysis. When running the backward filters, nanojit reads one LIR instruction at a time, and the reads are passed through the pipeline. We currently apply three backward filters:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Dead data-stack store elimination. The LIR trace encodes many stores to locations in the interpreter stack. But these values are never read back before exiting the trace (by the interpreter or another trace). Thus, stores to the stack that are overwritten before the next exit are dead. Stores to locations that are off the top of the interpreter stack at future exits are also dead.</p></li>
<li><p>Dead call-stack store elimination. This is the same optimization as above, except applied to the interpreter’s call stack used for function call inlining.</p></li>
<li><p>Dead code elimination. This eliminates any operation that stores to a value that is never used.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>After a LIR instruction is successfully read (“pulled”) from the backward filter pipeline, nanojit’s code generator emits native machine instruction(s) for it.</p>
<h2>5.2 Register Allocation</h2>
<p>We use a simple greedy register allocator that makes a single backward pass over the trace (it is integrated with the code generator). By the time the allocator has reached an instruction like v3 = add v1, v2, it has already assigned a register to v3. If v1 and v2 have not yet been assigned registers, the allocator assigns a free register to each. If there are no free registers, a value is selected for spilling. We use a class heuristic that selects the “oldest” register- carried value (6).</p>
<p>The heuristic considers the set R of values v in registers immediately after the current instruction for spilling. Let vm be the last instruction before the current where each v is referred to.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Tag</th><th>JS Type</th><th>Description</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>xx1</td><td>number</td><td>31-bit integer representation</td></tr>
<tr><td>000</td><td>object</td><td>pointer to JSObject handle</td></tr>
<tr><td>010</td><td>number</td><td>pointer to double handle</td></tr>
<tr><td>100</td><td>string</td><td>pointer to JSString handle</td></tr>
<tr><td>110</td><td>boolean</td><td>enumeration for null, undefined, true, false null, or undefined</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Figure 9. Tagged values in the SpiderMonkey JS interpreter. Testing tags, unboxing (extracting the untagged value) and boxing (creating tagged values) are significant costs. Avoiding these costs is a key benefit of tracing.</p>
<p>Then the heuristic selects v with minimum vm. The motivation is that this frees up a register for as long as possible given a single spill.</p>
<p>If we need to spill a value vs at this point, we generate the restore code just after the code for the current instruction. The corresponding spill code is generated just after the last point where vs was used. The register that was assigned to vs is marked free for the preceding code, because that register can now be used freely without affecting the following code</p>
<h2>6. Implementation</h2>
<p>To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we have implemented a trace-based dynamic compiler for the SpiderMonkey JavaScript Virtual Machine (4). SpiderMonkey is the JavaScript VM embedded in Mozilla’s Firefox open-source web browser (2), which is used by more than 200 million users world-wide. The core of SpiderMonkey is a bytecode interpreter implemented in C++. In SpiderMonkey, all JavaScript values are represented by the type jsval. A jsval is machine word in which up to the 3 of the least significant bits are a type tag, and the remaining bits are data. See Figure 6 for details. All pointers contained in jsvals point to GC-controlled blocks aligned on 8-byte boundaries.</p>
<p>JavaScript object values are mappings of string-valued property names to arbitrary values. They are represented in one of two ways in SpiderMonkey. Most objects are represented by a shared struc- tural description, called the object shape, that maps property names to array indexes using a hash table. The object stores a pointer to the shape and the array of its own property values. Objects with large, unique sets of property names store their properties directly in a hash table. The garbage collector is an exact, non-generational, stop-the- world mark-and-sweep collector. In the rest of this section we discuss key areas of the TraceMonkey implementation.</p>
<h2>6.1 Calling Compiled Traces</h2>
<p>Compiled traces are stored in a trace cache, indexed by intepreter PC and type map. Traces are compiled so that they may be called as functions using standard native calling conventions (e.g., FASTCALL on x86). The interpreter must hit a loop edge and enter the monitor in order to call a native trace for the first time. The monitor computes the current type map, checks the trace cache for a trace for the current PC and type map, and if it finds one, executes the trace. To execute a trace, the monitor must build a trace activation record containing imported local and global variables, temporary stack space, and space for arguments to native calls. The local and global values are then copied from the interpreter state to the trace activation record. Then, the trace is called like a normal C function pointer.</p>
<p>When a trace call returns, the monitor restores the interpreter state. First, the monitor checks the reason for the trace exit and applies blacklisting if needed. Then, it pops or synthesizes interpreter JavaScript call stack frames as needed. Finally, it copies the imported variables back from the trace activation record to the interpreter state.</p>
<p>At least in the current implementation, these steps have a non- negligible runtime cost, so minimizing the number of interpreter- to-trace and trace-to-interpreter transitions is essential for performance. (see also Section 3.3). Our experiments (see Figure 12) show that for programs we can trace well such transitions happen infrequently and hence do not contribute significantly to total runtime. In a few programs, where the system is prevented from recording branch traces for hot side exits by aborts, this cost can rise to up to 10% of total execution time.</p>
<h2>6.2 Trace Stitching</h2>
<p>Transitions from a trace to a branch trace at a side exit avoid the costs of calling traces from the monitor, in a feature called trace stitching. At a side exit, the exiting trace only needs to write live register-carried values back to its trace activation record. In our implementation, identical type maps yield identical activation record layouts, so the trace activation record can be reused immediately by the branch trace.</p>
<p>In programs with branchy trace trees with small traces, trace stitching has a noticeable cost. Although writing to memory and then soon reading back would be expected to have a high L1 cache hit rate, for small traces the increased instruction count has a noticeable cost. Also, if the writes and reads are very close in the dynamic instruction stream, we have found that current x86 processors often incur penalties of 6 cycles or more (e.g., if the instructions use different base registers with equal values, the processor may not be able to detect that the addresses are the same right away).</p>
<p>The alternate solution is to recompile an entire trace tree, thus achieving inter-trace register allocation (10). The disadvantage is that tree recompilation takes time quadratic in the number of traces. We believe that the cost of recompiling a trace tree every time a branch is added would be prohibitive. That problem might be mitigated by recompiling only at certain points, or only for very hot, stable trees.</p>
<p>In the future, multicore hardware is expected to be common, making background tree recompilation attractive. In a closely related project (13) background recompilation yielded speedups of up to 1.25x on benchmarks with many branch traces. We plan to apply this technique to TraceMonkey as future work.</p>
<h2>6.3 Trace Recording</h2>
<p>The job of the trace recorder is to emit LIR with identical semantics to the currently running interpreter bytecode trace. A good implementation should have low impact on non-tracing interpreter performance and a convenient way for implementers to maintain semantic equivalence.</p>
<p>In our implementation, the only direct modification to the interpreter is a call to the trace monitor at loop edges. In our benchmark results (see Figure 12) the total time spent in the monitor (for all activities) is usually less than 5%, so we consider the interpreter impact requirement met. Incrementing the loop hit counter is expensive because it requires us to look up the loop in the trace cache, but we have tuned our loops to become hot and trace very quickly (on the second iteration). The hit counter implementation could be improved, which might give us a small increase in overall performance, as well as more flexibility with tuning hotness thresholds. Once a loop is blacklisted we never call into the trace monitor for that loop (see Section 3.3).</p>
<p>Recording is activated by a pointer swap that sets the interpreter’s dispatch table to call a single “interrupt” routine for every bytecode. The interrupt routine first calls a bytecode-specific recording routine. Then, it turns off recording if necessary (e.g., the trace ended). Finally, it jumps to the standard interpreter bytecode implementation. Some bytecodes have effects on the type map that cannot be predicted before executing the bytecode (e.g., calling String.charCodeAt, which returns an integer or NaN if the index argument is out of range). For these, we arrange for the interpreter to call into the recorder again after executing the bytecode. Since such hooks are relatively rare, we embed them directly into the interpreter, with an additional runtime check to see whether a recorder is currently active.</p>
<p>While separating the interpreter from the recorder reduces individual code complexity, it also requires careful implementation and extensive testing to achieve semantic equivalence.</p>
<p>In some cases achieving this equivalence is difficult since SpiderMonkey follows a fat-bytecode design, which was found to be beneficial to pure interpreter performance.</p>
<p>In fat-bytecode designs, individual bytecodes can implement complex processing (e.g., the getprop bytecode, which implements full JavaScript property value access, including special cases for cached and dense array access).</p>
<p>Fat bytecodes have two advantages: fewer bytecodes means lower dispatch cost, and bigger bytecode implementations give the compiler more opportunities to optimize the interpreter.</p>
<p>Fat bytecodes are a problem for TraceMonkey because they require the recorder to reimplement the same special case logic in the same way. Also, the advantages are reduced because (a) dispatch costs are eliminated entirely in compiled traces, (b) the traces contain only one special case, not the interpreter’s large chunk of code, and (c) TraceMonkey spends less time running the base interpreter.</p>
<p>One way we have mitigated these problems is by implementing certain complex bytecodes in the recorder as sequences of simple bytecodes. Expressing the original semantics this way is not too difficult, and recording simple bytecodes is much easier. This enables us to retain the advantages of fat bytecodes while avoiding some of their problems for trace recording. This is particularly effective for fat bytecodes that recurse back into the interpreter, for example to convert an object into a primitive value by invoking a well-known method on the object, since it lets us inline this function call.</p>
<p>It is important to note that we split fat opcodes into thinner opcodes only during recording. When running purely interpretatively (i.e. code that has been blacklisted), the interpreter directly and efficiently executes the fat opcodes.</p>
<h2>6.4 Preemption</h2>
<p>SpiderMonkey, like many VMs, needs to preempt the user program periodically. The main reasons are to prevent infinitely looping scripts from locking up the host system and to schedule GC.</p>
<p>In the interpreter, this had been implemented by setting a “preempt now” flag that was checked on every backward jump. This strategy carried over into TraceMonkey: the VM inserts a guard on the preemption flag at every loop edge. We measured less than a 1% increase in runtime on most benchmarks for this extra guard. In practice, the cost is detectable only for programs with very short loops.</p>
<p>We tested and rejected a solution that avoided the guards by compiling the loop edge as an unconditional jump, and patching the jump target to an exit routine when preemption is required. This solution can make the normal case slightly faster, but then preemption becomes very slow. The implementation was also very complex, especially trying to restart execution after the preemption.</p>
<h2>6.5 Calling External Functions</h2>
<p>Like most interpreters, SpiderMonkey has a foreign function inter- face (FFI) that allows it to call C builtins and host system functions (e.g., web browser control and DOM access). The FFI has a standard signature for JS-callable functions, the key argument of which is an array of boxed values. External functions called through the FFI interact with the program state through an interpreter API (e.g., to read a property from an argument). There are also certain interpreter builtins that do not use the FFI, but interact with the program state in the same way, such as the CallIteratorNext function used with iterator objects. TraceMonkey must support this FFI in order to speed up code that interacts with the host system inside hot loops.</p>
<p>Calling external functions from TraceMonkey is potentially difficult because traces do not update the interpreter state until exiting. In particular, external functions may need the call stack or the global variables, but they may be out of date.</p>
<p>For the out-of-date call stack problem, we refactored some of the interpreter API implementation functions to re-materialize the interpreter call stack on demand.</p>
<p>We developed a C++ static analysis and annotated some interpreter functions in order to verify that the call stack is refreshed at any point it needs to be used. In order to access the call stack, a function must be annotated as either FORCESSTACK or REQUIRESSTACK. These annotations are also required in order to call REQUIRESSTACK functions, which are presumed to access the call stack transitively. FORCESSTACK is a trusted annotation, applied to only 5 functions, that means the function refreshes the call stack. REQUIRESSTACK is an untrusted annotation that means the function may only be called if the call stack has already been refreshed.</p>
<p>Similarly, we detect when host functions attempt to directly read or write global variables, and force the currently running trace to side exit. This is necessary since we cache and unbox global variables into the activation record during trace execution.</p>
<p>Since both call-stack access and global variable access are rarely performed by host functions, performance is not significantly affected by these safety mechanisms.</p>
<p>Another problem is that external functions can reenter the interpreter by calling scripts, which in turn again might want to access the call stack or global variables. To address this problem, we made the VM set a flag whenever the interpreter is reentered while a compiled trace is running.</p>
<p>Every call to an external function then checks this flag and exits the trace immediately after returning from the external function call if it is set. There are many external functions that seldom or never reenter, and they can be called without problem, and will cause trace exit only if necessary.</p>
<p>The FFI’s boxed value array requirement has a performance cost, so we defined a new FFI that allows C functions to be annotated with their argument types so that the tracer can call them directly, without unnecessary argument conversions.</p>
<p>Currently, we do not support calling native property get and set override functions or DOM functions directly from trace. Support is planned future work.</p>
<h2>6.6 Correctness</h2>
<p>During development, we had access to existing JavaScript test suites, but most of them were not designed with tracing VMs in mind and contained few loops.</p>
<p>One tool that helped us greatly was Mozilla’s JavaScript fuzz tester, JSFUNFUZZ, which generates random JavaScript programs by nesting random language elements. We modified JSFUNFUZZ to generate loops, and also to test more heavily certain constructs we suspected would reveal flaws in our implementation. For example, we suspected bugs in TraceMonkey’s handling of type-unstable loops and heavily branching code, and a specialized fuzz tester indeed revealed several regressions which we subsequently corrected.</p>
<h2>7. Evaluation</h2>
<p>We evaluated our JavaScript tracing implementation using SunSpider, the industry standard JavaScript benchmark suite. SunSpider consists of 26 short-running (less than 250 ms, average 26 ms) JavaScript programs. This is in stark contrast to benchmark suites such as SpecJVM98 (3) used to evaluate desktop and server Java VMs. Many programs in those benchmarks use large data sets and execute for minutes. The SunSpider programs carry out a variety of tasks, primarily 3d rendering, bit-bashing, cryptographic encoding, math kernels, and string processing.</p>
<p>All experiments were performed on a MacBook Pro with 2.2 GHz Core 2 processor and 2 GB RAM running MacOS 10.5.</p>
<p>Benchmark results. The main question is whether programs run faster with tracing. For this, we ran the standard SunSpider test driver, which starts a JavaScript interpreter, loads and runs each program once for warmup, then loads and runs each program 10 times and reports the average time taken by each. We ran 4 different configurations for comparison: (a) SpiderMonkey, the baseline interpreter, (b) TraceMonkey, (d) SquirrelFish Extreme (SFX), the call-threaded JavaScript interpreter used in Apple’s WebKit, and (e) V8, the method-compiling JavaScript VM from Google.</p>
<p>Figure 10 shows the relative speedups achieved by tracing, SFX, and V8 against the baseline (SpiderMonkey). Tracing achieves the best speedups in integer-heavy benchmarks, up to the 25x speedup on bitops-bitwise-and.</p>
<p>TraceMonkey is the fastest VM on 9 of the 26 benchmarks (3d-morph, bitops-3 bit-bits-in-byte, bitops-bitwiseand, crypto-sha1, math-cordic, math-partial-sums, math- spectral-norm, string-base64, string-validate-input).</p>
<p>Figure 11. Fraction of dynamic bytecodes executed by interpreter and on native traces. The speedup vs. interpreter is shown in parentheses next to each test. The fraction of bytecodes executed while recording is too small to see in this figure, except for crypto-md5, where fully 3% of bytecodes are executed while recording. In most of the tests, almost all the bytecodes are executed by compiled traces. Three of the benchmarks are not traced at all and run in the interpreter.</p>
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<p>Figure 10. Speedup vs. a baseline JavaScript interpreter (SpiderMonkey) for our trace-based JIT compiler, Apple’s SquirrelFish Extreme inline threading interpreter and Google’s V8 JS compiler. Our system generates particularly efficient code for programs that benefit most from type specialization, which includes SunSpider Benchmark programs that perform bit manipulation. We type-specialize the code in question to use integer arithmetic, which substantially improves performance. For one of the benchmark programs we execute 25 times faster than the SpiderMonkey interpreter, and almost 5 times faster than V8 and SFX. For a large number of benchmarks all three VMs produce similar results. We perform worst on benchmark programs that we do not trace and instead fall back onto the interpreter. This includes the recursive benchmarks access-binary-trees and control-flow-recursive, for which we currently don’t generate any native code.</p>
<p>In particular, the bitops benchmarks are short programs that perform many bitwise operations, so TraceMonkey can cover the entire program with 1 or 2 traces that operate on integers. TraceMonkey runs all the other programs in this set almost entirely as native code. regexp-dna is dominated by regular expression matching, which is implemented in all 3 VMs by a special regular expression compiler. Thus, performance on this benchmark has little relation to the trace compilation approach discussed in this paper. TraceMonkey’s smaller speedups on the other benchmarks can be attributed to a few specific causes:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>The implementation does not currently trace recursion, so TraceMonkey achieves a small speedup or no speedup on benchmarks that use recursion extensively: 3d-cube, 3d- raytrace, access-binary-trees, string-tagcloud, and controlflow-recursive.</p></li>
<li><p>The implementation does not currently trace eval and some other functions implemented in C. Because date-format- tofte and date-format-xparb use such functions in their main loops, we do not trace them.</p></li>
<li><p>The implementation does not currently trace through regular expression replace operations. The replace function can be passed a function object used to compute the replacement text.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Our implementation currently does not trace functions called as replace functions. The run time of string-unpack-code is dominated by such a replace call.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Two programs trace well, but have a long compilation time.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>access-nbody forms a large number of traces (81). crypto-md5 forms one very long trace. We expect to improve performance on this programs by improving the compilation speed of nanojit.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Some programs trace very well, and speed up compared to the interpreter, but are not as fast as SFX and/or V8, namely bitops-bits-in-byte, bitops-nsieve-bits, access- fannkuch, access-nsieve, and crypto-aes. The reason is not clear, but all of these programs have nested loops with small bodies, so we suspect that the implementation has a relatively high cost for calling nested traces. string-fasta traces well, but its run time is dominated by string processing builtins, which are unaffected by tracing and seem to be less efficient in SpiderMonkey than in the two other VMs.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Detailed performance metrics. In Figure 11 we show the fraction of instructions interpreted and the fraction of instructions executed as native code. This figure shows that for many programs, we are able to execute almost all the code natively. Figure 12 breaks down the total execution time into four activities: interpreting bytecodes while not recording, recording traces (including time taken to interpret the recorded trace), compiling traces to native code, and executing native code traces. These detailed metrics allow us to estimate parameters for a simple model of tracing performance. These estimates should be considered very rough, as the values observed on the individual benchmarks have large standard deviations (on the order of the</p>
<div class="line-block">Loops Trees Traces<br />3d-cube25 27 29 3<br />3d-morph5 8 8 2<br />3d-raytrace10 25 100 10<br />access-binary-trees0 0 0 5<br />access-fannkuch10 34 57 24<br />access-nbody8 16 18 5<br />access-nsieve3 6 8 3<br />bitops-3 bit-bits-in-byte 2 2 2 0<br />bitops-bits-in-byte3 3 4 1<br />bitops-bitwise-and1 1 1 0<br />bitops-nsieve-bits3 3 5 0<br />controlflow-recursive0 0 0 1<br />crypto-aes50 72 78 19<br />crypto-md54 4 5 0<br />crypto-sha15 5 10 0<br />date-format-tofte3 3 4 7<br />date-format-xparb3 3 11 3<br />math-cordic2 4 5 1<br />math-partial-sums2 4 4 1<br />math-spectral-norm15 20 20 0<br />regexp-dna2 2 2 0<br />string-base643 5 7 0<br />string-fasta5 11 15 6<br />string-tagcloud3 6 6 5<br />string-unpack-code4 4 37 0<br />string-validate-input6 10 13 1</div>
<p>Figure 13. Detailed trace recording statistics for the SunSpider benchmark set.</p>
<p>mean). We exclude regexp-dna from the following calculations, because most of its time is spent in the regular expression matcher, which has much different performance characteristics from the other programs. (Note that this only makes a difference of about 10% in the results.) Dividing the total execution time in processor clock cycles by the number of bytecodes executed in the base interpreter shows that on average, a bytecode executes in about 35 cycles. Native traces take about 9 cycles per bytecode, a 3.9x speedup over the interpreter. Using similar computations, we find that trace recording takes about 3800 cycles per bytecode, and compilation 3150 cycles per bytecode. Hence, during recording and compiling the VM runs at 1/200 the speed of the interpreter. Because it costs 6950 cycles to compile a bytecode, and we save 26 cycles each time that code is run natively, we break even after running a trace 270 times. The other VMs we compared with achieve an overall speedup of 3.0x relative to our baseline interpreter. Our estimated native code speedup of 3.9x is significantly better. This suggests that our compilation techniques can generate more efficient native code than any other current JavaScript VM. These estimates also indicate that our startup performance could be substantially better if we improved the speed of trace recording and compilation. The estimated 200x slowdown for recording and compilation is very rough, and may be influenced by startup factors in the interpreter (e.g., caches that have not warmed up yet during recording). One observation supporting this conjecture is that in the tracer, interpreted bytecodes take about 180 cycles to run. Still, recording and compilation are clearly both expensive, and a better implementation, possibly including redesign of the LIR abstract syntax or encoding, would improve startup performance. Our performance results confirm that type specialization using trace trees substantially improves performance. We are able to outperform the fastest available JavaScript compiler (V8) and the</p>
<h2>Aborts Flushes</h2>
<p>Trees/Loop Traces/Tree Traces/Loop Speedup</p>
<div class="line-block">01.11.11.2 2.20x<br />01.61.01.6 2.86x<br />12.54.010.0 1.18x<br />0--- 0.93x<br />03.41.75.7 2.20x<br />02.01.12.3 4.19x<br />02.01.32.7 3.05x<br />01.01.01.0 25.47x<br />01.01.31.3 8.67x<br />01.01.01.0 25.20x<br />01.01.71.7 2.75x<br />0--- 0.98x<br />01.41.11.6 1.64x<br />01.01.31.3 2.30x<br />01.02.02.0 5.95x<br />01.01.31.3 1.07x<br />01.03.73.7 0.98x<br />02.01.32.5 4.92x<br />02.01.02.0 5.90x<br />01.31.01.3 7.12x<br />01.01.01.0 4.21x<br />01.71.42.3 2.53x<br />02.21.43.0 1.49x<br />02.01.02.0 1.09x<br />01.09.39.3 1.20x<br />01.71.32.2 1.86x</div>
<p>fastest available JavaScript inline threaded interpreter (SFX) on 9 of 26 benchmarks.</p>
<h2>8. Related Work</h2>
<p>Trace optimization for dynamic languages. The closest area of related work is on applying trace optimization to type-specialize dynamic languages. Existing work shares the idea of generating type-specialized code speculatively with guards along interpreter traces. To our knowledge, Rigo’s Psyco (16) is the only published type-specializing trace compiler for a dynamic language (Python). Psyco does not attempt to identify hot loops or inline function calls. Instead, Psyco transforms loops to mutual recursion before running and traces all operations. Pall’s LuaJIT is a Lua VM in development that uses trace compilation ideas. (1). There are no publications on LuaJIT but the creator has told us that LuaJIT has a similar design to our system, but will use a less aggressive type speculation (e.g., using a floating- point representation for all number values) and does not generate nested traces for nested loops. General trace optimization. General trace optimization has a longer history that has treated mostly native code and typed languages like Java. Thus, these systems have focused less on type specialization and more on other optimizations. Dynamo (7) by Bala et al, introduced native code tracing as a replacement for profile-guided optimization (PGO). A major goal was to perform PGO online so that the profile was specific to the current execution. Dynamo used loop headers as candidate hot traces, but did not try to create loop traces specifically. Trace trees were originally proposed by Gal et al. (11) in the context of Java, a statically typed language. Their trace trees actually inlined parts of outer loops within the inner loops (because</p>
<p>Figure 12. Fraction of time spent on major VM activities. The speedup vs. interpreter is shown in parentheses next to each test. Most programs where the VM spends the majority of its time running native code have a good speedup. Recording and compilation costs can be substantial; speeding up those parts of the implementation would improve SunSpider performance.</p>
<p>inner loops become hot first), leading to much greater tail duplication.</p>
<p>YETI, from Zaleski et al. (19) applied Dynamo-style tracing to Java in order to achieve inlining, indirect jump elimination, and other optimizations. Their primary focus was on designing an interpreter that could easily be gradually re-engineered as a tracing VM.</p>
<p>Suganuma et al. (18) described region-based compilation (RBC), a relative of tracing. A region is an subprogram worth optimizing that can include subsets of any number of methods. Thus, the compiler has more flexibility and can potentially generate better code, but the profiling and compilation systems are correspondingly more complex.</p>
<p>Type specialization for dynamic languages. Dynamic language implementors have long recognized the importance of type specialization for performance. Most previous work has focused on methods instead of traces.</p>
<p>Chambers et. al (9) pioneered the idea of compiling multiple versions of a procedure specialized for the input types in the language Self. In one implementation, they generated a specialized method online each time a method was called with new input types. In another, they used an offline whole-program static analysis to infer input types and constant receiver types at call sites. Interestingly, the two techniques produced nearly the same performance.</p>
<p>Salib (17) designed a type inference algorithm for Python based on the Cartesian Product Algorithm and used the results to specialize on types and translate the program to C++.</p>
<p>McCloskey (14) has work in progress based on a language- independent type inference that is used to generate efficient C implementations of JavaScript and Python programs.</p>
<p>Native code generation by interpreters. The traditional interpreter design is a virtual machine that directly executes ASTs or machine-code-like bytecodes. Researchers have shown how to gen-</p>
<p>erate native code with nearly the same structure but better performance.</p>
<p>Call threading, also known as context threading (8), compiles methods by generating a native call instruction to an interpreter method for each interpreter bytecode. A call-return pair has been shown to be a potentially much more efficient dispatch mechanism than the indirect jumps used in standard bytecode interpreters.</p>
<p>Inline threading (15) copies chunks of interpreter native code which implement the required bytecodes into a native code cache, thus acting as a simple per-method JIT compiler that eliminates the dispatch overhead.</p>
<p>Neither call threading nor inline threading perform type specialization.</p>
<p>Apple’s SquirrelFish Extreme (5) is a JavaScript implementation based on call threading with selective inline threading. Combined with efficient interpreter engineering, these threading techniques have given SFX excellent performance on the standard SunSpider benchmarks.</p>
<p>Google’s V8 is a JavaScript implementation primarily based on inline threading, with call threading only for very complex operations.</p>
<h2>9. Conclusions</h2>
<p>This paper described how to run dynamic languages efficiently by recording hot traces and generating type-specialized native code. Our technique focuses on aggressively inlined loops, and for each loop, it generates a tree of native code traces representing the paths and value types through the loop observed at run time. We explained how to identify loop nesting relationships and generate nested traces in order to avoid excessive code duplication due to the many paths through a loop nest. We described our type specialization algorithm. We also described our trace compiler, which translates a trace from an intermediate representation to optimized native code in two linear passes.</p>
<p>Our experimental results show that in practice loops typically are entered with only a few different combinations of value types of variables. Thus, a small number of traces per loop is sufficient to run a program efficiently. Our experiments also show that on programs amenable to tracing, we achieve speedups of 2x to 20x.</p>
<h2>10. Future Work</h2>
<p>Work is underway in a number of areas to further improve the performance of our trace-based JavaScript compiler. We currently do not trace across recursive function calls, but plan to add the support for this capability in the near term. We are also exploring adoption of the existing work on tree recompilation in the context of the presented dynamic compiler in order to minimize JIT pause times and obtain the best of both worlds, fast tree stitching as well as the improved code quality due to tree recompilation.</p>
<p>We also plan on adding support for tracing across regular expression substitutions using lambda functions, function applications and expression evaluation using eval. All these language constructs are currently executed via interpretation, which limits our performance for applications that use those features.</p>
<h2>Acknowledgments</h2>
<p>Parts of this effort have been sponsored by the National Science Foundation under grants CNS-0615443 and CNS-0627747, as well as by the California MICRO Program and industrial sponsor Sun Microsystems under Project No. 07-127.</p>
<p>The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright annotation thereon. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed here are those of the author and should</p>
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<p>not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official views, policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the National Science foundation (NSF), any other agency of the U.S. Government, or any of the companies mentioned above.</p>
<h2>References</h2>
<p>[1] LuaJIT roadmap 2008 - <a href="http://lua-users.org/lists/lua-l/2008-02/msg00051.html">http://lua-users.org/lists/lua-l/2008-02/msg00051.html</a>.</p>
<p>[2] Mozilla — Firefox web browser and Thunderbird email client - <a href="http://www.mozilla.com">http://www.mozilla.com</a>.</p>
<p>[3] SPECJVM98 - <a href="http://www.spec.org/jvm98/">http://www.spec.org/jvm98/</a>.</p>
<p>[4] SpiderMonkey (JavaScript-C) Engine- <a href="http://www.mozilla.org/js/spidermonkey/">http://www.mozilla.org/js/spidermonkey/</a>.</p>
<p>[5] Surfin’ Safari - Blog Archive - Announcing SquirrelFish Extreme - <a href="http://webkit.org/blog/214/introducing-squirrelfish-extreme/">http://webkit.org/blog/214/introducing-squirrelfish-extreme/</a>.</p>
<p>[6] A. Aho, R. Sethi, J. Ullman, and M. Lam. Compilers: Principles, techniques, and tools, 2006.</p>
<p>[7] V. Bala, E. Duesterwald, and S. Banerjia. Dynamo: A transparent dynamic optimization system. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, pages 1–12. ACM Press, 2000.</p>
<p>[8] M. Berndl, B. Vitale, M. Zaleski, and A. Brown. Context Threading: a Flexible and Efficient Dispatch Technique for Virtual Machine In- terpreters. In Code Generation and Optimization, 2005. CGO 2005. International Symposium on, pages 15–26, 2005.</p>
<p>[9] C. Chambers and D. Ungar. Customization: Optimizing Compiler Technology for SELF, a Dynamically-Typed O bject-Oriented Pro- gramming Language. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1989 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, pages 146–160. ACM New York, NY, USA, 1989.</p>
<p>[10] A. Gal. Efficient Bytecode Verification and Compilation in a Virtual Machine Dissertation. PhD thesis, University Of California, Irvine, 2006.</p>
<p>[11] A. Gal, C. W. Probst, and M. Franz. HotpathVM: An effective JIT compiler for resource-constrained devices. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments, pages 144–153. ACM Press, 2006.</p>
<p>[12] C. Garrett, J. Dean, D. Grove, and C. Chambers. Measurement and Application of Dynamic Receiver Class Distributions. 1994.</p>
<p>[13] J. Ha, M. R. Haghighat, S. Cong, and K. S. McKinley. A concurrent trace-based just-in-time compiler for javascript. Dept.of Computer Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, TR-09-06, 2009.</p>
<p>[14] B. McCloskey. Personal communication.</p>
<p>[15] I. Piumarta and F. Riccardi. Optimizing direct threaded code by selec- tive inlining. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1998 conference on Programming language design and implementation, pages 291– 300. ACM New York, NY, USA, 1998.</p>
<p>[16] A. Rigo. Representation-Based Just-In-time Specialization and the Psyco Prototype for Python. In PEPM, 2004.</p>
<p>[17] M. Salib. Starkiller: A Static Type Inferencer and Compiler for Python. In Master’s Thesis, 2004.</p>
<p>[18] T. Suganuma, T. Yasue, and T. Nakatani. A Region-Based Compila- tion Technique for Dynamic Compilers. ACM Transactions on Pro- gramming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS), 28 (1): 134–174, 2006.</p>
<p>[19] M. Zaleski, A. D. Brown, and K. Stoodley. YETI: A graduallY Extensible Trace Interpreter. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments, pages 83–93. ACM Press, 2007.</p></body></html>
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Short public health brochure with flyer-like layout, large headings, side-by-side blocks, and image-heavy design elements.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Hand Hygiene is the #1 way to prevent the spread of infections</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Why?</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can take action by practicing hand hygiene regularly and by asking those around you to practice it as well.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You and your loved ones should clean your hands very often, especially after touching objects or surfaces in the hospital room, before eating, and after using the restroom. Your healthcare provider should practice hand hygiene every time they enter your room.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>When?</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>It only takes 15 seconds of using either soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub to kill the germs that cause infections.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>How?</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use soap and water when your hands look dirty; otherwise, you can use an alcohol-based hand rub.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Which?</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You, your loved ones, and your healthcare providers should practice hand hygiene.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Who?</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>For more information, please visit www.cdc.gov/handhygiene or call 1-800-CDC-INFO</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>CDC acknowledges the following partners in the development of the Hand Hygiene Saves Lives video: the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology and Safe Care Campaign.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This brochure was developed with support from the CDC Foundation and Kimberly-Clark Corporation.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A Patient’s Guide</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>hand hygiene</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Washing hands with soap and water.</li><li>Cleansing hands using an alcohol-based hand rub.</li><li>Preventing the spread of germs and infections.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Why?</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>To prevent hospital infections.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>In the United States, hospital patients get nearly 2 million infections each year.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>That’s about 1 infection per 20 patients!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Infections you get in the hospital can be life-threatening and hard to treat.</li><li>All patients are at risk for hospital infections.</li><li>You can take action by asking both your healthcare providers and visitors to wash their hands.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Remember: Hand hygiene saves lives.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>o T make a difference in your own health.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Hand hygiene is one of the most important ways to prevent the spread of infections, including the common cold, flu, and even hard-to-treat infections, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>When?</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You should practice hand hygiene:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Before preparing or eating food.</li><li>Before touching your eyes, nose, or mouth.</li><li>Before and after changing wound dressings or bandages.</li><li>After using the restroom.</li><li>After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing.</li><li>After touching hospital surfaces such as bed rails, bedside tables, doorknobs, remote controls, or the phone.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Healthcare providers should practice hand hygiene:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Every time they enter your room.*</li><li>Before putting on gloves. Wearing gloves alone is not enough to prevent the spread of infection.</li><li>After removing gloves.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Remember: Ask your doctors and nurses to clean their hands before they examine you.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>How?</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>With soap and water:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Wet your hands with warm water.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use liquid soap if possible. Apply a nickel-or quarter-sized amount of soap to your hands.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":2} -->
<ol start="2"><li>Rub your hands together until soap forms a lather and then rub all over the top of your hands, in between your fingers and the area around and under the fingernails.</li><li>Continue rubbing your hands for 15 seconds. Need a timer? Imagine singing the “Happy Birthday” song twice.</li><li>Rinse your hands well under running water.</li><li>Dry your hands using a paper towel if possible. Then use your paper towel to turn off the faucet and to open the door if needed.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Remember: It only takes 15 seconds to protect yourself and others. With an alcohol-based hand rub:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Follow directions on the bottle for how much of the product to use.</li><li>Rub hands together and then rub product all over the top of your hands, in between your fingers and the area around and under the fingernails.</li><li>Continue rubbing until your hands are dry. If enough rub was used to kill germs, it should take at least 15 seconds of rubbing before your hands feel dry. You should not rinse your hands with water or dry them with a towel.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Which?</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use soap and water:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>When your hands look dirty.</li><li>After you use the bathroom.</li><li>Before you eat or prepare food.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use an alcohol-based hand rub:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>When your hands do not look dirty.</li><li>If soap and water are not available.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Alcohol based hand rubs</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Products that kill germs on the hands.</li><li>Should contain 60% to 95% ethanol or isopropanol (types of alcohol).</li><li>Are fast-acting and convenient.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Who?</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>You can make a difference in your own health:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Healthcare providers know they should practice hand hygiene, but they sometimes forget. Most welcome your friendly reminder.</li><li>Ask healthcare providers to practice hand hygiene in a polite way — tell them that you know how easy it is for people to get infections in the hospital and that you don’t want it to happen to you.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Remember: Take control of your health, practice hand hygiene.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>If you already have an infection, your healthcare providers may take special measures (isolation precautions) to prevent the spread of your infection to others. They might enter your room wearing protective equipment (e.g., gloves, gown, mask).</li></ul>
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<p>You do not need to ask them to clean their hands because they should have done so before they put on gloves.</p>
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PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Hand Hygiene is the #1 way to prevent the spread of infections</h1>
<h2>Why?</h2>
<p>You can take action by practicing hand hygiene regularly and by asking those around you to practice it as well.</p>
<p>You and your loved ones should clean your hands very often, especially after touching objects or surfaces in the hospital room, before eating, and after using the restroom. Your healthcare provider should practice hand hygiene every time they enter your room.</p>
<h2>When?</h2>
<p>It only takes 15 seconds of using either soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub to kill the germs that cause infections.</p>
<h2>How?</h2>
<p>Use soap and water when your hands look dirty; otherwise, you can use an alcohol-based hand rub.</p>
<h2>Which?</h2>
<p>You, your loved ones, and your healthcare providers should practice hand hygiene.</p>
<h2>Who?</h2>
<p>For more information, please visit www.cdc.gov/handhygiene or call 1-800-CDC-INFO</p>
<p>CDC acknowledges the following partners in the development of the Hand Hygiene Saves Lives video: the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology and Safe Care Campaign.</p>
<p>This brochure was developed with support from the CDC Foundation and Kimberly-Clark Corporation.</p>
<p>A Patient’s Guide</p>
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<p>hand hygiene</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Washing hands with soap and water.</p></li>
<li><p>Cleansing hands using an alcohol-based hand rub.</p></li>
<li><p>Preventing the spread of germs and infections.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2>Why?</h2>
<p>To prevent hospital infections.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>In the United States, hospital patients get nearly 2 million infections each year.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>That’s about 1 infection per 20 patients!</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Infections you get in the hospital can be life-threatening and hard to treat.</p></li>
<li><p>All patients are at risk for hospital infections.</p></li>
<li><p>You can take action by asking both your healthcare providers and visitors to wash their hands.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Remember: Hand hygiene saves lives.</p>
<p>o T make a difference in your own health.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Hand hygiene is one of the most important ways to prevent the spread of infections, including the common cold, flu, and even hard-to-treat infections, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2>When?</h2>
<p>You should practice hand hygiene:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Before preparing or eating food.</p></li>
<li><p>Before touching your eyes, nose, or mouth.</p></li>
<li><p>Before and after changing wound dressings or bandages.</p></li>
<li><p>After using the restroom.</p></li>
<li><p>After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing.</p></li>
<li><p>After touching hospital surfaces such as bed rails, bedside tables, doorknobs, remote controls, or the phone.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Healthcare providers should practice hand hygiene:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Every time they enter your room.*</p></li>
<li><p>Before putting on gloves. Wearing gloves alone is not enough to prevent the spread of infection.</p></li>
<li><p>After removing gloves.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Remember: Ask your doctors and nurses to clean their hands before they examine you.</p>
<h2>How?</h2>
<p>With soap and water:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Wet your hands with warm water.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Use liquid soap if possible. Apply a nickel-or quarter-sized amount of soap to your hands.</p>
<ol start="2">
<li><p>Rub your hands together until soap forms a lather and then rub all over the top of your hands, in between your fingers and the area around and under the fingernails.</p></li>
<li><p>Continue rubbing your hands for 15 seconds. Need a timer? Imagine singing the “Happy Birthday” song twice.</p></li>
<li><p>Rinse your hands well under running water.</p></li>
<li><p>Dry your hands using a paper towel if possible. Then use your paper towel to turn off the faucet and to open the door if needed.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Remember: It only takes 15 seconds to protect yourself and others. With an alcohol-based hand rub:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Follow directions on the bottle for how much of the product to use.</p></li>
<li><p>Rub hands together and then rub product all over the top of your hands, in between your fingers and the area around and under the fingernails.</p></li>
<li><p>Continue rubbing until your hands are dry. If enough rub was used to kill germs, it should take at least 15 seconds of rubbing before your hands feel dry. You should not rinse your hands with water or dry them with a towel.</p></li>
</ol>
<h2>Which?</h2>
<p>Use soap and water:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>When your hands look dirty.</p></li>
<li><p>After you use the bathroom.</p></li>
<li><p>Before you eat or prepare food.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Use an alcohol-based hand rub:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>When your hands do not look dirty.</p></li>
<li><p>If soap and water are not available.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Alcohol based hand rubs</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Products that kill germs on the hands.</p></li>
<li><p>Should contain 60% to 95% ethanol or isopropanol (types of alcohol).</p></li>
<li><p>Are fast-acting and convenient.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2>Who?</h2>
<p>You can make a difference in your own health:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Healthcare providers know they should practice hand hygiene, but they sometimes forget. Most welcome your friendly reminder.</p></li>
<li><p>Ask healthcare providers to practice hand hygiene in a polite way — tell them that you know how easy it is for people to get infections in the hospital and that you don’t want it to happen to you.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Remember: Take control of your health, practice hand hygiene.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>If you already have an infection, your healthcare providers may take special measures (isolation precautions) to prevent the spread of your infection to others. They might enter your room wearing protective equipment (e.g., gloves, gown, mask).</p></li>
</ul>
<p>You do not need to ask them to clean their hands because they should have done so before they put on gloves.</p></body></html>
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National Park Service leaflet-style pocket map with map panels, services, columns, and mixed visual/text layout.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Pocket Map</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>North Rim Services Guide</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Services, Facilities, and Viewpoints Inside the Park</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>North Rim Visitor Center / Grand Canyon Lodge</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Information, lodging, restaurants, services, and Grand Canyon views</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Visitor Info Station and Park Store</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Park in the designated parking area and walk to the east end of the parking lot. Bring this Pocket Map and your questions. The park store is located at the south end of the parking lot and features books, gifts, passport stamp, restroom, drinking water, self-pay fee station, canyon views, and access to Bright Angel Point Trail. Hours vary.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Lost and Found</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Turn in found items at the North Rim Visitor Center. Inquire about lost items at the visitor center or Grand Canyon Lodge front desk.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Grand Canyon Lodge</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Due to high demand, advanced lodging and dining reservations required. Contact Aramark: 866-499-2574; grandcanyonnorth.com. Reservations available on a 13-month rolling basis. Features National Historic Landmark, ranger programs, restroom, drinking water, and access to Bright Angel Point Trail, Transept Trail, and Bridle Path. Operates mid-May to mid-October.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Dining Options</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Meals and grab and go food are available in the vicinity of Grand Canyon Lodge at the Deli in the Pines, the Lodge Dining Room, and the Roughrider Saloon. The General Store at the Campground offers limited grocery and drinks. Inquire at the lodge, or at grandcanyonnorth.com for hours. Food service is available from mid- May to mid-October.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Gift Shop</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Souvenirs and books; 8 am–9 pm.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Post Office</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Window service Monday through Friday, 8 am to noon and 1–5 pm; closed weekends and federal holidays.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Religious Services</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Check the bulletin board in the lodge for a schedule of services.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Canyon Trail Rides</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Offers 1-hour rides along the rim, 3-hour rides to Uncle Jim Point, and 3-hour rides to Supai Tunnel. Register at canyonrides.com, the Canyon Trail Rides desk in the lodge lobby, 7 am–5 pm, or call 435-679-8665.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Services Outside the Park</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Kaibab Lodge</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>18 miles (30 km) north of the North Rim Visitor Center. Information at 928-638-2389 or kaibablodge.com.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>North Rim Country Store</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>18 miles (30 km) north of the North Rim Visitor Center; open May 15 to mid-October. Offers convenience store, gas station, tire repair, propane, and ATM. 928-638-2383</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Jacob Lake Inn</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>45 miles (72 km) north of North Rim Visitor Center in Jacob Lake, Arizona; open year-round, hours vary by season. Offers a restaurant, gift shop, propane, and gas station with 24 hour pay-at-the-pump. 928-643-7232</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Kaibab Plateau Visitor Center</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>45 miles (72 km) north of North Rim Visitor Center in Jacob Lake, Arizona. Offers information and a Grand Canyon Conservancy Park Store with books, maps, and gifts. 928-643-7298</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Free Park Ranger Programs</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Grand Canyon National Park offers free park ranger programs on the North Rim. Learn about geology, plants, animals, and people during walks, talks, hikes, and other ranger guided experiences! Programs may be canceled in inclement weather or during special events. Check North Rim Visitor Center or go.nps.gov/gc_programs for a full listing.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>© JESSE BARDEN</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">NPS</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Campground / Backcountry Information Center</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Camping, fuel, services, and hiking information</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>North Rim Campground</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Operated by the National Park Service; no hookups; dump station. Reservation only May 15 to October 15: 877-444-6777 or recreation. gov. Features park ranger programs and access to the Bridle Path and Transept Trail.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Service Station</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>On the road to the campground; open daily 8 am–5 pm; 24 hour pay- at-the-pump; gas and diesel available.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>General Store</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Adjacent to the campground; groceries, gifts, camping supplies, ATM, limited Wi-Fi. Hours vary by season.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Backcountry Information Center</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Located in the Administration and Backcountry Office, 11.5 miles (18.5 km) south of the entrance station. Open 8 am to noon and 1–5 pm. Information, hiking maps, overnight backcountry permits; drinking water, restroom. Information: nps.gov/grca/planyourvisit/ backcountry.htm</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Camping Outside the Park</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>DeMotte Campground</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>18 miles (18.5 km) north of North Rim Visitor Center. Half the sites are first-come, first-served; reserve sites at recreation.gov.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Jacob Lake Campground</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>45 miles (72 km) north of North Rim Visitor Center. Half the sites are first-come, first-served; reserve half the sites at recreation.gov.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Kaibab Camper Village</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>0.25 miles (0.5 km) south of Jacob Lake on Forest Service Road 461 off AZ 67. Reserve sites at 928-643-7804.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Dispersed Camping</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stop at the Kaibab Plateau Visitor Center in Jacob Lake, Arizona for information. Pack out what you take in. Bring water. Camp at least 0.25 mile (0.4 km) from water sources. Check fire restrictions; be fire safe; carry a shovel and bucket. Bury human waste at least 6 inches (15 cm) deep and 100 feet (30 m) from water sources and drainage bottoms. Practice backcountry ethics and eliminate all signs of your camp.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Trip Planning</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hiking, viewpoints, and scenic drives</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1-2 Hours</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Hiking</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Take the Bright Angel Point Trail to one of the best views of Grand Canyon (15 minutes from the Visitor Center). Then, wind along the Canyon rim on the Transept Trail. Take in sweeping views on this easy to moderate trail. Follow the path until you are ready to turn around, or make a loop with the forested Bridle Path. 4 miles (6.4 km), 90 minutes round trip.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OR</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Cape Royal Road</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Point Imperial, Vista Encantada, and Roosevelt Point make for a quick, but spectacular visit on the scenic drive. Stroll the Ken Patrick Trail south from Point Imperial for a half mile for an easy hike with breathtaking views. 20 miles (32 km), 30 minutes one way. More details below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Grand Canyon National Park Arizona</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>© JESSE BARDEN</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Trip Planning Continued</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Half Day</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Hiking</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Take the Bright Angel Point Trail to one of the best views of Grand Canyon (15 minutes from the Visitor Center).</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Next, enjoy magnificent views on the Widforss trail. This trail skirts the Canyon rim for most of its 5 miles (8 km) before arriving at Widforss Point. Hike as much as you have time for, but remember your return trip. Parking and restrooms are available at the trailhead. Water is not available.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>OR Hike the North Kaibab Trail to Coconino Overlook. Hiking into the Canyon offers a different perspective. Be prepared for strenuous hiking and high temperatures. Hike Smart: Bring water, salty snacks, sun protections and avoid hiking between 10 am and 4 pm to avoid the hottest part of the day. 1.5 miles (2.4 km), 1-3 hours round trip.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Cape Royal Road</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Explore the viewpoints and trails along the 23 mile (37 km), 45 minute (one way) scenic drive. Cape Royal and Point Imperial are the “must see” views. Hike to Cape Final for sweeping canyon vistas (4.2 mi, 6.8 km round trip). Allow at least three hours to travel the entire road. Visit Point Imperial, Vista Encantada, and Roosevelt Point for a shorter stay. Bring food and water. More details below.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Best Places to See Sunset Cape Royal Bright Angel Point Grand Canyon Lodge Veranda</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Best Places to See Sunrise Point Imperial Bright Angel Point Grand Canyon Lodge Veranda</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Scenic Drive</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>A winding scenic drive to diverse viewpoints, picnic areas, and hiking trails. No food or water is available on the Scenic Drive. No vehicles longer than 22 feet (7 m). Allow a half- to a full-day.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Point Imperial</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parking, restroom, picnic area, and access to the unmaintained Ken Patrick Trail and Point Imperial Trail. Highest point on the North Rim at 8,803 feet (2,683 m); overlooks the Painted Desert, Marble Canyon, and eastern Grand Canyon. Layers of red and black Precambrian rocks, not visible at Bright Angel Point, add contrast and color. Part of the viewpoint is accessible. Eleven miles (18 km) from North Rim Visitor Center; allow 20 minutes driving time one-way.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Vista Encantada</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parking, picnic area, canyon views.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Roosevelt Point</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parking, access to Roosevelt Point Trail.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Walhalla Overlook / Walhalla Glades Pueblo Parking, canyon views, short trail to ancestral Puebloan home site.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Cape Royal</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Parking, restroom, picnic area, accessible Cape Royal Trail leads to a viewpoint giving expansive east and west vistas. See the natural arch of Angels Window framing the Colorado River, and look for Desert View Watchtower across the canyon on the South Rim. 23 miles (37 km) from the North Rim Visitor Center; 45 minutes driving time one-way.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>National Park Service</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>U.S. Department of the Interior</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Protect the Park, Protect Yourself</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Use sunblock, stay hydrated, take your time, and rest to reduce the risk of sunburn, dehydration, nausea, shortness of breath, and exhaustion. The North Rim’s high elevation (8,000 ft / 2,438 m) and dry climate affects you differently than your home environment.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Drive with care. Watch for people and wildlife. Increase caution at night and during wet conditions. Observe posted speed limits; maximum speed limit 45 mph (72 kmph). Vehicles longer than 22 feet (6.7 m) prohibited on the roads to Cape Royal, Point Imperial, and Widforss Trail. Oversized vehicle parking limited; park at Grand Canyon Lodge or North Rim Campground. Arizona highway information: 511 or 888-411- ROAD or az511.gov.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Monsoon storms are common in summer. When you hear thunder or see lightning, move away from the canyon rim. Do not stand under a tree. Seek shelter inside a vehicle or building. Be aware of possible flash floods and falling rocks during and after storms.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Weather varies greatly and changes suddenly. Be prepared to layer clothing for heat, cold, rain, wind, or snow. Weather posted in North Rim Visitor Center. Park road and weather conditions: 928-638-7496.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Free, spring-fed drinking water is available from bottle filling stations at the North Rim Visitor Center, Administration and Backcountry Office, and North Kaibab Trailhead.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Camping is only permitted in the North Rim Campground. For backcountry camping options (permit required) check with the Backcountry Information Center.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Information</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Superintendent Ed Keable Grand Canyon National Park PO Box 129 Grand Canyon, AZ 86023-0129 USA</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Park Headquarters 928-638-7888</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Website nps.gov/grca</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Follow Us</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Grand Canyon National Park</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Located in northern Arizona, this World Heritage Site encompasses 277 miles (446 km) of the Colorado River and adjacent uplands. One of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world, Grand Canyon offers visitors incomparable vistas.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The Pocket Map is published by Grand Canyon National Park with support from your entrance fees. Ask at the North Rim Visitor Center for a hiking brochure.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The National Park Service cares for the special places saved by the American people so that all may experience our heritage.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">NPS</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Keep wildlife wild. Approaching and feeding wildlife is dangerous and illegal. Bison and deer can become aggressive and will defend their space. Keep a safe distance of two bus lengths or 100 feet (30 m) from all wildlife. Do not feed the squirrels. They will bite and can carry disease.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Leashed pets are only allowed on the Bridle Path and Arizona National Scenic Trail—Pets are not allowed on any other trail or in buildings. These restrictions do not apply to service animals. Anyone wishing to take a service animal below the rim must check in at the Backcountry Information Center before starting their hike. No kennel is available on the North Rim.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Stay behind railings and away from cliffs. Hold on to children. Do not back up without looking around you. Always be aware of your surroundings.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Hikers and wildlife can be injured by rocks, coins, and trash tossed over the edge of Grand Canyon and rocks dislodged by walking off trail.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Launching, landing, or operating unmanned aircraft (drones) is prohibited inside Grand Canyon National Park.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The walls of Grand Canyon tell an amazing story. You alter that story when you leave graffiti.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Leave rocks, plants, wood, and artifacts where you find them.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Emergencies call 911</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Day hiking beyond Redwall Bridge is not recommended</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">To Manzanita and Cottonwood Campground</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>prohibited. 6.7</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>6.7 prohibited.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Arizona National</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Scenic Trail</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>i z a N a t i o n a l S c e n 0.3 mi 0.4 km</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Stock use</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>North Rim Day Hikes</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Bright Angel Point Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>0.5 miles (0.8 km) roundtrip; allow 30 minutes. A short, but steep, walk on a paved trail to a spectacular view of Grand Canyon. Begin at the log shelter in the parking area near the North Rim Visitor Center or from the Grand Canyon Lodge back porch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Transept Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>2 miles (3.2 km) one-way; allow one hour. Follow the canyon rim from Grand Canyon Lodge to past the North Rim Campground along the Transept, a beautiful side canyon.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Bridle Path</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1.9 miles (3.1 km) one-way; allow one hour. This trail follows the road as it connects Grand Canyon Lodge with North Kaibab Trailhead. Pets on a leash and bicycles are permitted on this hard- packed trail.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Widforss Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>9.6 miles (15.5 km) roundtrip; allow six hours. Wander through a blend of forest and canyon scenery—even a short walk can be very satisfying. To locate the trailhead, take the dirt road 0.25 miles (0.4 km) south of the road to Cape Royal for one mile (1.6 km) to the Widforss Trail parking area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Uncle Jim Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>4.7 miles (7.6 km) roundtrip; allow three hours. Stroll through the forest to a viewpoint overlooking the canyon and North Kaibab Trail switchbacks. Begin from the North Kaibab Trail parking lot. Mules use this trail; step off the trail, keep still, and follow the wrangler’s instructions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Ken Patrick Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>9.8 miles (15.8 km) one-way; allow six hours. Wind through the forest and along the rim from Point Imperial to the North Kaibab Trail parking area on this unmaintained trail.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Arizona National Scenic Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>12.1 miles (19.5 km) one-way; allow seven hours. A section of this trail enters the park near the north entrance and roughly parallels AZ 67 until it connects with the North Kaibab Trail. Pets on a leash and bicycles permitted.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>North Kaibab Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Distances and hiking times vary; ask for a hiking brochure at the North Rim Visitor Center. This is the only maintained trail into the canyon from the North Rim. Under no circumstances should you attempt to hike from the rim to the Colorado River and back in one day. The opening of this trail may be delayed due to winter damage. Mules use this trail; step off the trail on the uphill side, keep still, and follow the wrangler’s instructions.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Roosevelt Point Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>0.2 miles (0.3 km) roundtrip; allow 20 minutes. Stroll this secluded woodland loop offering spectacular views and benches for relaxing. Trail begins from the Roosevelt Point parking area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Cape Final Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>4.2 miles (6.8 km) roundtrip; allow two-three hours. Enjoy a forested walk from the dirt parking area to Cape Final. This trail offers a view of the canyon and beyond to the Painted Desert. Trail begins 2.4 miles (3.9 km) north of the Cape Royal parking lot.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Cliff Spring Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>0.8 mile (1.3 km) roundtrip; allow one hour. Path meanders down a forested ravine and ends where a chest-high boulder rests under a large overhang. The spring is on the cliff side of the boulder—do not drink the water. Trail begins across the road from a small pullout on a curve 0.3 miles (0.5 km) north of Cape Royal.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Cape Royal Trail</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>0.8 miles (1.3 km) roundtrip; allow one hour. An easy walk on a flat, paved trail with views of the canyon, Angels Window, and Colorado River. Signs interpret the area’s natural history. Trail begins from the southeast side of the Cape Royal parking area.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Ar</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>o n</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>ic Trail</p>
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<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Pocket Map</h1>
<h2>North Rim Services Guide</h2>
<p>Services, Facilities, and Viewpoints Inside the Park</p>
<p>North Rim Visitor Center / Grand Canyon Lodge</p>
<p>Information, lodging, restaurants, services, and Grand Canyon views</p>
<h2>Visitor Info Station and Park Store</h2>
<p>Park in the designated parking area and walk to the east end of the parking lot. Bring this Pocket Map and your questions. The park store is located at the south end of the parking lot and features books, gifts, passport stamp, restroom, drinking water, self-pay fee station, canyon views, and access to Bright Angel Point Trail. Hours vary.</p>
<h2>Lost and Found</h2>
<p>Turn in found items at the North Rim Visitor Center. Inquire about lost items at the visitor center or Grand Canyon Lodge front desk.</p>
<h2>Grand Canyon Lodge</h2>
<p>Due to high demand, advanced lodging and dining reservations required. Contact Aramark: 866-499-2574; grandcanyonnorth.com. Reservations available on a 13-month rolling basis. Features National Historic Landmark, ranger programs, restroom, drinking water, and access to Bright Angel Point Trail, Transept Trail, and Bridle Path. Operates mid-May to mid-October.</p>
<h2>Dining Options</h2>
<p>Meals and grab and go food are available in the vicinity of Grand Canyon Lodge at the Deli in the Pines, the Lodge Dining Room, and the Roughrider Saloon. The General Store at the Campground offers limited grocery and drinks. Inquire at the lodge, or at grandcanyonnorth.com for hours. Food service is available from mid- May to mid-October.</p>
<h2>Gift Shop</h2>
<p>Souvenirs and books; 8 am–9 pm.</p>
<h2>Post Office</h2>
<p>Window service Monday through Friday, 8 am to noon and 1–5 pm; closed weekends and federal holidays.</p>
<h2>Religious Services</h2>
<p>Check the bulletin board in the lodge for a schedule of services.</p>
<h2>Canyon Trail Rides</h2>
<p>Offers 1-hour rides along the rim, 3-hour rides to Uncle Jim Point, and 3-hour rides to Supai Tunnel. Register at canyonrides.com, the Canyon Trail Rides desk in the lodge lobby, 7 am–5 pm, or call 435-679-8665.</p>
<h2>Services Outside the Park</h2>
<h2>Kaibab Lodge</h2>
<p>18 miles (30 km) north of the North Rim Visitor Center. Information at 928-638-2389 or kaibablodge.com.</p>
<h2>North Rim Country Store</h2>
<p>18 miles (30 km) north of the North Rim Visitor Center; open May 15 to mid-October. Offers convenience store, gas station, tire repair, propane, and ATM. 928-638-2383</p>
<h2>Jacob Lake Inn</h2>
<p>45 miles (72 km) north of North Rim Visitor Center in Jacob Lake, Arizona; open year-round, hours vary by season. Offers a restaurant, gift shop, propane, and gas station with 24 hour pay-at-the-pump. 928-643-7232</p>
<h2>Kaibab Plateau Visitor Center</h2>
<p>45 miles (72 km) north of North Rim Visitor Center in Jacob Lake, Arizona. Offers information and a Grand Canyon Conservancy Park Store with books, maps, and gifts. 928-643-7298</p>
<h2>Free Park Ranger Programs</h2>
<p>Grand Canyon National Park offers free park ranger programs on the North Rim. Learn about geology, plants, animals, and people during walks, talks, hikes, and other ranger guided experiences! Programs may be canceled in inclement weather or during special events. Check North Rim Visitor Center or go.nps.gov/gc_programs for a full listing.</p>
<p>© JESSE BARDEN</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">NPS</p>
<p>Campground / Backcountry Information Center</p>
<p>Camping, fuel, services, and hiking information</p>
<h2>North Rim Campground</h2>
<p>Operated by the National Park Service; no hookups; dump station. Reservation only May 15 to October 15: 877-444-6777 or recreation. gov. Features park ranger programs and access to the Bridle Path and Transept Trail.</p>
<h2>Service Station</h2>
<p>On the road to the campground; open daily 8 am–5 pm; 24 hour pay- at-the-pump; gas and diesel available.</p>
<h2>General Store</h2>
<p>Adjacent to the campground; groceries, gifts, camping supplies, ATM, limited Wi-Fi. Hours vary by season.</p>
<h2>Backcountry Information Center</h2>
<p>Located in the Administration and Backcountry Office, 11.5 miles (18.5 km) south of the entrance station. Open 8 am to noon and 1–5 pm. Information, hiking maps, overnight backcountry permits; drinking water, restroom. Information: nps.gov/grca/planyourvisit/ backcountry.htm</p>
<h2>Camping Outside the Park</h2>
<h2>DeMotte Campground</h2>
<p>18 miles (18.5 km) north of North Rim Visitor Center. Half the sites are first-come, first-served; reserve sites at recreation.gov.</p>
<h2>Jacob Lake Campground</h2>
<p>45 miles (72 km) north of North Rim Visitor Center. Half the sites are first-come, first-served; reserve half the sites at recreation.gov.</p>
<h2>Kaibab Camper Village</h2>
<p>0.25 miles (0.5 km) south of Jacob Lake on Forest Service Road 461 off AZ 67. Reserve sites at 928-643-7804.</p>
<h2>Dispersed Camping</h2>
<p>Stop at the Kaibab Plateau Visitor Center in Jacob Lake, Arizona for information. Pack out what you take in. Bring water. Camp at least 0.25 mile (0.4 km) from water sources. Check fire restrictions; be fire safe; carry a shovel and bucket. Bury human waste at least 6 inches (15 cm) deep and 100 feet (30 m) from water sources and drainage bottoms. Practice backcountry ethics and eliminate all signs of your camp.</p>
<h2>Trip Planning</h2>
<p>Hiking, viewpoints, and scenic drives</p>
<p>1-2 Hours</p>
<h2>Hiking</h2>
<p>Take the Bright Angel Point Trail to one of the best views of Grand Canyon (15 minutes from the Visitor Center). Then, wind along the Canyon rim on the Transept Trail. Take in sweeping views on this easy to moderate trail. Follow the path until you are ready to turn around, or make a loop with the forested Bridle Path. 4 miles (6.4 km), 90 minutes round trip.</p>
<p>OR</p>
<h2>Cape Royal Road</h2>
<p>Point Imperial, Vista Encantada, and Roosevelt Point make for a quick, but spectacular visit on the scenic drive. Stroll the Ken Patrick Trail south from Point Imperial for a half mile for an easy hike with breathtaking views. 20 miles (32 km), 30 minutes one way. More details below.</p>
<h2>Grand Canyon National Park Arizona</h2>
<p>© JESSE BARDEN</p>
<h2>Trip Planning Continued</h2>
<h2>Half Day</h2>
<h2>Hiking</h2>
<p>Take the Bright Angel Point Trail to one of the best views of Grand Canyon (15 minutes from the Visitor Center).</p>
<p>Next, enjoy magnificent views on the Widforss trail. This trail skirts the Canyon rim for most of its 5 miles (8 km) before arriving at Widforss Point. Hike as much as you have time for, but remember your return trip. Parking and restrooms are available at the trailhead. Water is not available.</p>
<p>OR Hike the North Kaibab Trail to Coconino Overlook. Hiking into the Canyon offers a different perspective. Be prepared for strenuous hiking and high temperatures. Hike Smart: Bring water, salty snacks, sun protections and avoid hiking between 10 am and 4 pm to avoid the hottest part of the day. 1.5 miles (2.4 km), 1-3 hours round trip.</p>
<h2>Cape Royal Road</h2>
<p>Explore the viewpoints and trails along the 23 mile (37 km), 45 minute (one way) scenic drive. Cape Royal and Point Imperial are the “must see” views. Hike to Cape Final for sweeping canyon vistas (4.2 mi, 6.8 km round trip). Allow at least three hours to travel the entire road. Visit Point Imperial, Vista Encantada, and Roosevelt Point for a shorter stay. Bring food and water. More details below.</p>
<p>Best Places to See Sunset Cape Royal Bright Angel Point Grand Canyon Lodge Veranda</p>
<p>Best Places to See Sunrise Point Imperial Bright Angel Point Grand Canyon Lodge Veranda</p>
<h2>Scenic Drive</h2>
<p>A winding scenic drive to diverse viewpoints, picnic areas, and hiking trails. No food or water is available on the Scenic Drive. No vehicles longer than 22 feet (7 m). Allow a half- to a full-day.</p>
<h2>Point Imperial</h2>
<p>Parking, restroom, picnic area, and access to the unmaintained Ken Patrick Trail and Point Imperial Trail. Highest point on the North Rim at 8,803 feet (2,683 m); overlooks the Painted Desert, Marble Canyon, and eastern Grand Canyon. Layers of red and black Precambrian rocks, not visible at Bright Angel Point, add contrast and color. Part of the viewpoint is accessible. Eleven miles (18 km) from North Rim Visitor Center; allow 20 minutes driving time one-way.</p>
<h2>Vista Encantada</h2>
<p>Parking, picnic area, canyon views.</p>
<h2>Roosevelt Point</h2>
<p>Parking, access to Roosevelt Point Trail.</p>
<p>Walhalla Overlook / Walhalla Glades Pueblo Parking, canyon views, short trail to ancestral Puebloan home site.</p>
<h2>Cape Royal</h2>
<p>Parking, restroom, picnic area, accessible Cape Royal Trail leads to a viewpoint giving expansive east and west vistas. See the natural arch of Angels Window framing the Colorado River, and look for Desert View Watchtower across the canyon on the South Rim. 23 miles (37 km) from the North Rim Visitor Center; 45 minutes driving time one-way.</p>
<h2>National Park Service</h2>
<p>U.S. Department of the Interior</p>
<h2>Protect the Park, Protect Yourself</h2>
<p>Use sunblock, stay hydrated, take your time, and rest to reduce the risk of sunburn, dehydration, nausea, shortness of breath, and exhaustion. The North Rim’s high elevation (8,000 ft / 2,438 m) and dry climate affects you differently than your home environment.</p>
<p>Drive with care. Watch for people and wildlife. Increase caution at night and during wet conditions. Observe posted speed limits; maximum speed limit 45 mph (72 kmph). Vehicles longer than 22 feet (6.7 m) prohibited on the roads to Cape Royal, Point Imperial, and Widforss Trail. Oversized vehicle parking limited; park at Grand Canyon Lodge or North Rim Campground. Arizona highway information: 511 or 888-411- ROAD or az511.gov.</p>
<p>Monsoon storms are common in summer. When you hear thunder or see lightning, move away from the canyon rim. Do not stand under a tree. Seek shelter inside a vehicle or building. Be aware of possible flash floods and falling rocks during and after storms.</p>
<p>Weather varies greatly and changes suddenly. Be prepared to layer clothing for heat, cold, rain, wind, or snow. Weather posted in North Rim Visitor Center. Park road and weather conditions: 928-638-7496.</p>
<p>Free, spring-fed drinking water is available from bottle filling stations at the North Rim Visitor Center, Administration and Backcountry Office, and North Kaibab Trailhead.</p>
<p>Camping is only permitted in the North Rim Campground. For backcountry camping options (permit required) check with the Backcountry Information Center.</p>
<h2>Information</h2>
<p>Superintendent Ed Keable Grand Canyon National Park PO Box 129 Grand Canyon, AZ 86023-0129 USA</p>
<h2>Park Headquarters 928-638-7888</h2>
<h2>Website nps.gov/grca</h2>
<h2>Follow Us</h2>
<h2>Grand Canyon National Park</h2>
<p>Located in northern Arizona, this World Heritage Site encompasses 277 miles (446 km) of the Colorado River and adjacent uplands. One of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world, Grand Canyon offers visitors incomparable vistas.</p>
<p>The Pocket Map is published by Grand Canyon National Park with support from your entrance fees. Ask at the North Rim Visitor Center for a hiking brochure.</p>
<p>The National Park Service cares for the special places saved by the American people so that all may experience our heritage.</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">NPS</p>
<p>Keep wildlife wild. Approaching and feeding wildlife is dangerous and illegal. Bison and deer can become aggressive and will defend their space. Keep a safe distance of two bus lengths or 100 feet (30 m) from all wildlife. Do not feed the squirrels. They will bite and can carry disease.</p>
<p>Leashed pets are only allowed on the Bridle Path and Arizona National Scenic Trail—Pets are not allowed on any other trail or in buildings. These restrictions do not apply to service animals. Anyone wishing to take a service animal below the rim must check in at the Backcountry Information Center before starting their hike. No kennel is available on the North Rim.</p>
<p>Stay behind railings and away from cliffs. Hold on to children. Do not back up without looking around you. Always be aware of your surroundings.</p>
<p>Hikers and wildlife can be injured by rocks, coins, and trash tossed over the edge of Grand Canyon and rocks dislodged by walking off trail.</p>
<p>Launching, landing, or operating unmanned aircraft (drones) is prohibited inside Grand Canyon National Park.</p>
<p>The walls of Grand Canyon tell an amazing story. You alter that story when you leave graffiti.</p>
<p>Leave rocks, plants, wood, and artifacts where you find them.</p>
<h2>Emergencies call 911</h2>
<p>Day hiking beyond Redwall Bridge is not recommended</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">To Manzanita and Cottonwood Campground</p>
<p>prohibited. 6.7</p>
<p>6.7 prohibited.</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Arizona National</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Scenic Trail</p>
<p>i z a N a t i o n a l S c e n 0.3 mi 0.4 km</p>
<p class="pdf-layout-label">Stock use</p>
<h2>North Rim Day Hikes</h2>
<h2>Bright Angel Point Trail</h2>
<p>0.5 miles (0.8 km) roundtrip; allow 30 minutes. A short, but steep, walk on a paved trail to a spectacular view of Grand Canyon. Begin at the log shelter in the parking area near the North Rim Visitor Center or from the Grand Canyon Lodge back porch.</p>
<h2>Transept Trail</h2>
<p>2 miles (3.2 km) one-way; allow one hour. Follow the canyon rim from Grand Canyon Lodge to past the North Rim Campground along the Transept, a beautiful side canyon.</p>
<h2>Bridle Path</h2>
<p>1.9 miles (3.1 km) one-way; allow one hour. This trail follows the road as it connects Grand Canyon Lodge with North Kaibab Trailhead. Pets on a leash and bicycles are permitted on this hard- packed trail.</p>
<h2>Widforss Trail</h2>
<p>9.6 miles (15.5 km) roundtrip; allow six hours. Wander through a blend of forest and canyon scenery—even a short walk can be very satisfying. To locate the trailhead, take the dirt road 0.25 miles (0.4 km) south of the road to Cape Royal for one mile (1.6 km) to the Widforss Trail parking area.</p>
<h2>Uncle Jim Trail</h2>
<p>4.7 miles (7.6 km) roundtrip; allow three hours. Stroll through the forest to a viewpoint overlooking the canyon and North Kaibab Trail switchbacks. Begin from the North Kaibab Trail parking lot. Mules use this trail; step off the trail, keep still, and follow the wrangler’s instructions.</p>
<h2>Ken Patrick Trail</h2>
<p>9.8 miles (15.8 km) one-way; allow six hours. Wind through the forest and along the rim from Point Imperial to the North Kaibab Trail parking area on this unmaintained trail.</p>
<h2>Arizona National Scenic Trail</h2>
<p>12.1 miles (19.5 km) one-way; allow seven hours. A section of this trail enters the park near the north entrance and roughly parallels AZ 67 until it connects with the North Kaibab Trail. Pets on a leash and bicycles permitted.</p>
<h2>North Kaibab Trail</h2>
<p>Distances and hiking times vary; ask for a hiking brochure at the North Rim Visitor Center. This is the only maintained trail into the canyon from the North Rim. Under no circumstances should you attempt to hike from the rim to the Colorado River and back in one day. The opening of this trail may be delayed due to winter damage. Mules use this trail; step off the trail on the uphill side, keep still, and follow the wrangler’s instructions.</p>
<h2>Roosevelt Point Trail</h2>
<p>0.2 miles (0.3 km) roundtrip; allow 20 minutes. Stroll this secluded woodland loop offering spectacular views and benches for relaxing. Trail begins from the Roosevelt Point parking area.</p>
<h2>Cape Final Trail</h2>
<p>4.2 miles (6.8 km) roundtrip; allow two-three hours. Enjoy a forested walk from the dirt parking area to Cape Final. This trail offers a view of the canyon and beyond to the Painted Desert. Trail begins 2.4 miles (3.9 km) north of the Cape Royal parking lot.</p>
<h2>Cliff Spring Trail</h2>
<p>0.8 mile (1.3 km) roundtrip; allow one hour. Path meanders down a forested ravine and ends where a chest-high boulder rests under a large overhang. The spring is on the cliff side of the boulder—do not drink the water. Trail begins across the road from a small pullout on a curve 0.3 miles (0.5 km) north of Cape Royal.</p>
<h2>Cape Royal Trail</h2>
<p>0.8 miles (1.3 km) roundtrip; allow one hour. An easy walk on a flat, paved trail with views of the canyon, Angels Window, and Colorado River. Signs interpret the area’s natural history. Trail begins from the southeast side of the Cape Royal parking area.</p>
<p>Ar</p>
<p>o n</p>
<p>ic Trail</p></body></html>
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Muir Beach illustrated brochure

2559393 bytes | National Park Service Muir Beach brochure PDF

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Small National Park Service brochure with photos, map-oriented visitor information, headings, and short panels.

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<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Muir Beach</h1>
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<p>To cherish what remains of the Earth and to foster its renewal is our only legitimate hope of survival.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>—Wendell Berry</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>National Park Service U. S. Department of Interior Golden Gate National Recreation Area</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>At Muir Beach, a complex network of freshwater wetlands, lagoon, and dunes defines the meeting place of Redwood Creek and the Pacific Ocean. Here, across a broad floodplain, intertwined natural systems perform an intricate seasonal and biological dance.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Redwood Creek drains an 8.9-square-mile watershed that extends from the ridgetops of Mt. Tamalpais through the old-growth forest of Muir Woods National Monument to the ocean. Largely undeveloped, the watershed functions as an essentially intact unit. Within this compact territory, a highly diverse range of habitats, many of them irreplaceable to their inhabitants, can be found.</p>
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<h2>A Biodiversity Hotspot</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

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<p>Redwood Creek watershed is part of the Golden Gate Biosphere Reserve as well as one of North America’s biodiversity “hotspots.” These ecologi-cally critical areas represent some of the planet’s richest and most threatened reservoirs of plant and animal life.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>The watershed is home to several of the West Coast’s most imperiled species, among them, coho salmon, steelhead trout, and the California red- legged frog. Habitat restoration has helped its red- legged frog population, but coho salmon are still in a highly precarious position. When salmon return to their native spawning grounds in upper Redwood Creek, they bring deep-ocean nutrients to the redwood forest. Without the salmon, a key piece of the age-old cycle of the redwood forest is gone and an important connection is lost.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA™</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>www.nps.gov/goga www.nps.gov/goga</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>The First Stewards</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Portuguese Dairymen</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Bygone Days at the Beach</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

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<p>For more than 10,000 years, the Coast Miwok lived in roughly 600 small family communities along the shoreline. Stewards of the land, they managed the local watersheds where creek and ocean resources were most abundant, including the Muir Beach floodplain. Here, they hunted, fished, and harvested many of the native plants for food, medicine, and other traditional uses. In developing traditional ecological knowledge, land- tending principles, and alignment of cultural customs with the seasons, they fostered a harmonious relationship with the natural world.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>In the late 1700s, European settlement forced the Coast Miwok off their land and abruptly shifted their way of life forever.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Descendants of the Coast Miwok, members of what is known today as the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria, continue to participate in research, education, cultural revitalization, and preservation of sacred sites.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Beginning in the mid-19th century, much of the watershed’s land was leased to Portuguese dairymen, who had emigrated from the Azores on whaling ships. By the 1880s, Marin County was California’s largest producer of fresh milk and butter. After World War II, the ranches declined, and most were incorporated into the California State Park system in the 1960s.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Get-together at a local dairy ranch. (photos from George Kristian Lindholdt)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Muir Beach—known as Big Lagoon Beach until the late 1930s—has always been a popular place for recreation. Early-day beachgoers picnicked, camped, fished for salmon and trout, and hiked here. Others came to dine and dance at the Old Tavern, built in the early 1920s, or stay in one of the summer cottages.</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/pdf/image-12.jpg" alt="" title="PDF image 12" data-pandoc-width="215.0769pt" data-pandoc-height="142.68pt" style="width:215.0769pt; height:142.68pt" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="12" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="18293" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p2-n5-o12" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p2-n5-o12" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="407" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="270" data-pandoc-pdf-page="2" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="5" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="367.1231366" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="41.7233747" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="582.2000355" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="184.4033813" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="18293" data-pandoc-media-sha1="db078e8d7a0d00f04373cc519166e280f6db2872" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="128ea84f6819282f37f155e0c99294755cedfc0d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

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<p>Weekend visitors catch a few fish (photos from George Kristian Lindholdt)</p>
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<p>EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA™</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/pdf/image-10.jpg" alt="" title="PDF image 10" data-pandoc-width="245.1421pt" data-pandoc-height="156.8662pt" style="width:245.1421pt; height:156.8662pt" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="28430" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p2-n3-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p2-n3-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="511" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="327" data-pandoc-pdf-page="2" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="3" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="367.8760986" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="435.3771763" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="613.018218" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="592.243374" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="28430" data-pandoc-media-sha1="23333463a51fdaacc50b9686682fb85f5e4025f8" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="7eb49d0e4df78a11d8432f397821afc7ad794a9f" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<p>Left, Top &amp; Bottom images: Traditional prayer led by a representative of the Coast Miwok at the annual Welcome Back Salmon ceremony at Muir Beach.</p>
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<p>www.nps.gov/goga www.nps.gov/goga</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>During the 20th century, human use changed the natural landscape of the wetland and creek habitat at Muir Beach. Farming, cattle and dairy ranching, road construction, and beachfront development collectively confined the creek, cut it off from its floodplain, caused it to fill with sediment, and diminished habitats.</p>
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<p>Click the link for more information.</p>
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<ul><li>Lend a hand in the ongoing effort to restore native plant communities and manage invasive species at Muir Beach and other parklands.</li></ul>
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<p>www.parksconservancy.org</p>
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<ul><li>Learn what you can do to help protect the ocean.</li></ul>
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<p>www.thankyouocean.org www.bluefront.org</p>
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<p>5gyres.org</p>
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<ul><li>Get involved in the campaign to improve air quality in the San Francisco Bay Area.</li></ul>
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<p>www.sparetheair.org</p>
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<p>In collaboration with public agencies and nonprofit partners, the National Park Service implemented a multi-year, large-scale restoration plan. This work has freed the creek to meander naturally and reconnect with its wetland system, expanded the lagoon, created frog- breeding habitat, and enhanced sand dunes, setting the stage for the site’s return to ecological integrity.</p>
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<p>www.nps.gov/goga</p>
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<h2>Restoring Ecological Integrity</h2>
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<h2>Make a Difference</h2>
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Main Road
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Location</pre>
<!-- /wp:verse -->

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<p>Muir Beach is halfway between Stinson Beach and the Marin Headlands, where Shoreline Highway (Hwy. 1) meets Muir Woods Road. The Coastal, Redwood Creek, and Dias Ridge Trails connect with Muir Beach.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA™</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>www.nps.gov/goga</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Muir Beach</h1>
<p>To cherish what remains of the Earth and to foster its renewal is our only legitimate hope of survival.</p>
<p>—Wendell Berry</p>
<p>National Park Service U. S. Department of Interior Golden Gate National Recreation Area</p>
<p>At Muir Beach, a complex network of freshwater wetlands, lagoon, and dunes defines the meeting place of Redwood Creek and the Pacific Ocean. Here, across a broad floodplain, intertwined natural systems perform an intricate seasonal and biological dance.</p>
<p>Redwood Creek drains an 8.9-square-mile watershed that extends from the ridgetops of Mt. Tamalpais through the old-growth forest of Muir Woods National Monument to the ocean. Largely undeveloped, the watershed functions as an essentially intact unit. Within this compact territory, a highly diverse range of habitats, many of them irreplaceable to their inhabitants, can be found.</p>
<h2>A Biodiversity Hotspot</h2>
<p>Redwood Creek watershed is part of the Golden Gate Biosphere Reserve as well as one of North America’s biodiversity “hotspots.” These ecologi-cally critical areas represent some of the planet’s richest and most threatened reservoirs of plant and animal life.</p>
<p>The watershed is home to several of the West Coast’s most imperiled species, among them, coho salmon, steelhead trout, and the California red- legged frog. Habitat restoration has helped its red- legged frog population, but coho salmon are still in a highly precarious position. When salmon return to their native spawning grounds in upper Redwood Creek, they bring deep-ocean nutrients to the redwood forest. Without the salmon, a key piece of the age-old cycle of the redwood forest is gone and an important connection is lost.</p>
<p>EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA™</p>
<p>www.nps.gov/goga www.nps.gov/goga</p>
<h2>The First Stewards</h2>
<h2>Portuguese Dairymen</h2>
<h2>Bygone Days at the Beach</h2>
<p>For more than 10,000 years, the Coast Miwok lived in roughly 600 small family communities along the shoreline. Stewards of the land, they managed the local watersheds where creek and ocean resources were most abundant, including the Muir Beach floodplain. Here, they hunted, fished, and harvested many of the native plants for food, medicine, and other traditional uses. In developing traditional ecological knowledge, land- tending principles, and alignment of cultural customs with the seasons, they fostered a harmonious relationship with the natural world.</p>
<p>In the late 1700s, European settlement forced the Coast Miwok off their land and abruptly shifted their way of life forever.</p>
<p>Descendants of the Coast Miwok, members of what is known today as the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria, continue to participate in research, education, cultural revitalization, and preservation of sacred sites.</p>
<p>Beginning in the mid-19th century, much of the watershed’s land was leased to Portuguese dairymen, who had emigrated from the Azores on whaling ships. By the 1880s, Marin County was California’s largest producer of fresh milk and butter. After World War II, the ranches declined, and most were incorporated into the California State Park system in the 1960s.</p>
<p>Get-together at a local dairy ranch. (photos from George Kristian Lindholdt)</p>
<p>Muir Beach—known as Big Lagoon Beach until the late 1930s—has always been a popular place for recreation. Early-day beachgoers picnicked, camped, fished for salmon and trout, and hiked here. Others came to dine and dance at the Old Tavern, built in the early 1920s, or stay in one of the summer cottages.</p>
<p class="pandoc-pdf-image-block pandoc-pdf-image-placed" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="12" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="18293" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p2-n5-o12" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p2-n5-o12" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="407" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="270" data-pandoc-pdf-page="2" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="5" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="367.1231366" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="41.7233747" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="582.2000355" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="184.4033813"><img src="media/pdf/image-12.jpg" title="PDF image 12" alt="PDF image 12" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="12" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="18293" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p2-n5-o12" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p2-n5-o12" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="407" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="270" data-pandoc-pdf-page="2" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="5" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="367.1231366" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="41.7233747" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="582.2000355" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="184.4033813" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="18293" data-pandoc-media-sha1="db078e8d7a0d00f04373cc519166e280f6db2872" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-12.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="128ea84f6819282f37f155e0c99294755cedfc0d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>Weekend visitors catch a few fish (photos from George Kristian Lindholdt)</p>
<p>EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA™</p>
<p class="pandoc-pdf-image-block pandoc-pdf-image-placed" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="28430" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p2-n3-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p2-n3-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="511" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="327" data-pandoc-pdf-page="2" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="3" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="367.8760986" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="435.3771763" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="613.018218" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="592.243374"><img src="media/pdf/image-10.jpg" title="PDF image 10" alt="PDF image 10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="28430" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p2-n3-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p2-n3-o10" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="511" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="327" data-pandoc-pdf-page="2" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="3" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="367.8760986" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="435.3771763" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="613.018218" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="592.243374" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="28430" data-pandoc-media-sha1="23333463a51fdaacc50b9686682fb85f5e4025f8" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-10.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="7eb49d0e4df78a11d8432f397821afc7ad794a9f" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>Left, Top &amp; Bottom images: Traditional prayer led by a representative of the Coast Miwok at the annual Welcome Back Salmon ceremony at Muir Beach.</p>
<p>www.nps.gov/goga www.nps.gov/goga</p>
<p>During the 20th century, human use changed the natural landscape of the wetland and creek habitat at Muir Beach. Farming, cattle and dairy ranching, road construction, and beachfront development collectively confined the creek, cut it off from its floodplain, caused it to fill with sediment, and diminished habitats.</p>
<p>Click the link for more information.</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Lend a hand in the ongoing effort to restore native plant communities and manage invasive species at Muir Beach and other parklands.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>www.parksconservancy.org</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Learn what you can do to help protect the ocean.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>www.thankyouocean.org www.bluefront.org</p>
<p>5gyres.org</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Get involved in the campaign to improve air quality in the San Francisco Bay Area.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>www.sparetheair.org</p>
<p>In collaboration with public agencies and nonprofit partners, the National Park Service implemented a multi-year, large-scale restoration plan. This work has freed the creek to meander naturally and reconnect with its wetland system, expanded the lagoon, created frog- breeding habitat, and enhanced sand dunes, setting the stage for the site’s return to ecological integrity.</p>
<p>www.nps.gov/goga</p>
<h2>Restoring Ecological Integrity</h2>
<h2>Make a Difference</h2>
<div class="line-block">1<br />1<br />1<br />U<br />P<br />H<br />I<br />L<br />L<br />O<br />N<br />L<br />Y<br />F<br />O<br />R<br />B<br />I<br />C<br />Y<br />C<br />L<br />E<br />S<br />T<br />o<br />H<br />i<br />g<br />h<br />w<br />a<br />y<br />1<br />0<br />1<br />S<br />h<br />o<br />r<br />e<br />l<br />i<br />n<br />e<br />H<br />i<br />g<br />h<br />w<br />a<br />y<br />D<br />i<br />a<br />s<br />R<br />i<br />d<br />g<br />e<br />T<br />r<br />a<br />i<br />l<br />R<br />e<br />d<br />w<br />o<br />o<br />d<br />C<br />r<br />e<br />e<br />k<br />T<br />O<br />S<br />T<br />I<br />N<br />S<br />O<br />N<br />B<br />E<br />A<br />C<br />H<br />T<br />O<br />MU<br />I<br />R<br />W<br />OODS<br />P<br />A<br />C<br />I<br />F<br />I<br />C<br />O<br />C<br />E<br />A<br />N<br />Zen Center<br />Green Gulch Farm<br />C<br />o<br />a<br />s<br />t<br />a<br />l<br />F<br />i<br />r<br />e<br />R<br />o<br />a<br />d<br />M<br />u<br />i<br />r<br />B<br />e<br />a<br />c<br />h<br />T<br />r<br />a<br />i<br />l<br />M<br />i<br />d<br />d<br />l<br />e<br />G<br />r<br />e<br />e<br />n<br />G<br />u<br />l<br />c<br />h<br />T<br />r<br />a<br />i<br />l<br />G<br />r<br />e<br />e<br />n<br />G<br />u<br />l<br />c<br />h<br />T<br />r<br />a<br />i<br />l<br />C<br />o<br />a<br />s<br />t<br />V<br />i<br />e<br />w<br />T<br />r<br />a<br />i<br />l<br />P<br />i<br />r<br />a<br />t<br />e<br />s<br />C<br />o<br />v<br />e<br />T<br />r<br />a<br />i<br />l<br />T<br />o<br />T<br />e<br />n<br />n<br />e<br />s<br />s<br />e<br />e<br />V<br />a<br />l<br />l<br />e<br />y<br />T<br />o<br />S<br />l<br />i<br />d<br />e<br />R<br />a<br />n<br />c<br />h<br />M<br />i<br />d<br />d<br />l<br />e<br />G<br />r<br />e<br />e<br />n<br />G<br />u<br />l<br />c<br />h<br />T<br />r<br />a<br />i<br />l<br />O<br />w<br />l<br />T<br />r<br />a<br />i<br />l<br />K<br />a<br />a<br />s<br />i<br />W<br />a<br />y<br />P<br />a<br />c<br />i<br />fi<br />c<br />W<br />a<br />y<br />R<br />ed<br />w<br />o<br />o<br />d<br />C<br />r<br />e<br />e<br />k<br />T<br />r<br />a<br />i<br />l<br />MUIR<br />BEACH<br />OVERLOOK<br />PIRATES<br />COVE<br />MUIR BEACH<br />COMMUNITY<br />GOLDEN GATE<br />DAIRY<br />Pelican Inn<br />MUIR<br />BEACH<br />DIAS<br />RIDGE<br />GOLDEN GATE<br />NATIONAL<br />RECREATION AREA<br />MOUNT TAMALPAIS<br />STATE PARK<br />Vault Toilets<br />Emergency Phone<br />Parking<br />Picnic Area<br />Trailhead<br />Stables<br />Food<br />Lodging<br />Horses, Bikes,<br />Hiking<br />Horses and Hiking only<br />Hiking only<br />Dogs on leash allowed<br />Main Road<br />Secondary Road<br />Creeks<br />1 kilometer<br />0<br />0.5 miles<br />North<br />Location</div>
<p>Muir Beach is halfway between Stinson Beach and the Marin Headlands, where Shoreline Highway (Hwy. 1) meets Muir Woods Road. The Coastal, Redwood Creek, and Dias Ridge Trails connect with Muir Beach.</p>
<p>EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA™</p>
<p>www.nps.gov/goga</p></body></html>
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QuickBooks invoice template PDF

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Public invoice template with explanatory prose, shaded table headers, line items, totals, and two editable invoice layouts.

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<h1>Invoice template</h1>
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<p>These invoice templates can be used to bill your clients in order to collect payment.</p>
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<p>Use the “Tax invoice” template if your business is registered for GST, otherwise, use the “Invoice” template.</p>
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<p>These templates contain the basic information typically contained in an invoice, such as: the invoice amount, the services/products provided and the payment due date. The tax invoice template also contains your ABN details, as well as the GST component from your sales.</p>
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<p>Simply complete the template fields, check the figures are correct and send the invoice to your client for payment.</p>
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<p>Looking to up your invoice game? With QuickBooks Online you can send customised, professional invoices from your phone or computer, no matter where you are. Smart predictions make it easy to know when your invoices will be paid, you can even automate gentle payment reminders for overdue invoices.</p>
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<p>Start a free 30-day QuickBooks Online trial today <a href="http://www.quickbooks.intuit.com/au/">at www.quickbooks.intuit.com/au/</a></p>
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<p>All information and forms are provided “as is” without any warranty of any kind, express, implied or otherwise, including as to their legal effect and completeness. They are for general guidance and should be modified by you or your attorney to meet your specific needs and the laws of your country. Use at your own risk. Intuit, its employees or contractors who wrote or modified any form, are not providing legal or any other kind of advice and are not creating or entering into an attorney-client relationship. The information and forms are not a substitute for the advice of your own attorney. This document is not approved, endorsed by or affiliated with any state or governmental or licensing entity.</p>
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<p>Tax nvoice</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/pdf/image-28.png" alt="" title="PDF image 28" data-pandoc-width="78.93pt" data-pandoc-height="37.1pt" style="width:78.93pt; height:37.1pt" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="28" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/png" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="11412" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p2-n3-o28" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p2-n3-o28" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="282" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="132" data-pandoc-pdf-page="2" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="3" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="80.91" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="671.86" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="159.84" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="708.96" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-28.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-28.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-28.png" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-28.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-28.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="11412" data-pandoc-media-sha1="2c7da0bab7013b941b2a92806d7d33d6d95a506a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-28.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="d750baad128ec60fdb5abe678c93ba3221d6f91c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-80f260619411ebcda04b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="1" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="4"><thead><tr><th>Enter company name</th><th>Phone (02) 9999-9999</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Street address</td><td>Email name@company.com.au</td></tr><tr><td>City</td><td>Website companyname.com.au</td></tr><tr><td>State, postcode</td><td>ABN 123456789</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-80f260619411ebcda04b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="2" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="4"><thead><tr><th data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Bill to</th><th>Ship to</th><th data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Details</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Client name</td><td>Client name</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Invoice# 12345</td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Street address</td><td>Street address</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Invoice date: dd/mm/yyyy</td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">City,</td><td>City,</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Terms: Net 30</td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">State, postcode</td><td>State, postcode</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Due date: dd/mm/yyyy</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h1>Description</h1>
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<h2>Qty/Hrs</h2>
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<h2>Rate</h2>
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<h2>Amount</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-80f260619411ebcda04b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="3" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="4"><thead><tr><th>Enter your product or service description</th><th>0</th><th>0</th><th>$0.00</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Enter your product or service description</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>$0.00</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-80f260619411ebcda04b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="4" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="4"><thead><tr><th>Customer message</th><th>Subtotal</th><th>$0.00</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Hi,</td><td>GST component</td><td>$0.00</td></tr><tr><td>Thank you for your purchase. Please pay this invoice using the following payment details.</td><td>Shipping</td><td>$0.00</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<p>Regards,</p>
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<h2>Total AUD</h2>
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<p>$0.00</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/pdf/image-34.png" alt="" title="PDF image 34" data-pandoc-width="79.3pt" data-pandoc-height="37.3pt" style="width:79.3pt; height:37.3pt" data-pandoc-pdf-image-object="34" data-pandoc-pdf-image-type="image/png" data-pandoc-pdf-image-bytes="9651" data-pandoc-pdf-image-importance="important" data-pandoc-pdf-image-placement="inline" data-pandoc-pdf-visual-id="pdf-image-p3-n2-o34" data-pandoc-pdf-occurrence-id="pdf-image-p3-n2-o34" data-pandoc-pdf-image-width="242" data-pandoc-pdf-image-height="114" data-pandoc-pdf-page="3" data-pandoc-pdf-paint-order="2" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x1="80.91" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y1="673.6" data-pandoc-pdf-image-x2="160.21" data-pandoc-pdf-image-y2="710.9" data-pandoc-media-source="pdf/image-34.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="pdf/image-34.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="pdf/image-34.png" data-pandoc-media-path="pdf/image-34.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/pdf/image-34.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="9651" data-pandoc-media-sha1="333be8ad1e1229e11a20f4e7b756c42f15ba7efa" data-pandoc-media-source-path="pdf/image-34.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ff4e0464bcb3e09280f1c2e7a8a8cd3800e88d42" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<h1>Enter company name Street address City State, postcode</h1>
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<h2>Invoice</h2>
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<h2>Phone (02) 9999-9999</h2>
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<p>Email name@company.com.au Website companyname.com.au</p>
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<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-d2ace91314c9624f774b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="1" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="3"><thead><tr><th data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Bill to</th><th>Ship to</th><th data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Details</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Client name</td><td>Client name</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Invoice# 12345</td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Street address</td><td>Street address</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Invoice date: dd/mm/yyyy</td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">City,</td><td>City,</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Terms: Net 30</td></tr><tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">State, postcode</td><td>State, postcode</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Due date: dd/mm/yyyy</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Description</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Qty/Hrs</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Rate</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Amount</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-d2ace91314c9624f774b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="2" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="3"><thead><tr><th>Enter your product or service description</th><th>0</th><th>0</th><th>$0.00</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Enter your product or service description</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>$0.00</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Customer message</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-d2ace91314c9624f774b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="3" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="3"><thead><tr><th>Hi,</th><th>Subtotal</th><th>$0.00</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Thank you for your purchase. Please pay this invoice using the following payment details.</td><td>Shipping</td><td>$0.00</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Regards,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2>Total AUD</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>$0.00</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Invoice template</h1>
<p>These invoice templates can be used to bill your clients in order to collect payment.</p>
<p>Use the “Tax invoice” template if your business is registered for GST, otherwise, use the “Invoice” template.</p>
<p>These templates contain the basic information typically contained in an invoice, such as: the invoice amount, the services/products provided and the payment due date. The tax invoice template also contains your ABN details, as well as the GST component from your sales.</p>
<p>Simply complete the template fields, check the figures are correct and send the invoice to your client for payment.</p>
<p>Looking to up your invoice game? With QuickBooks Online you can send customised, professional invoices from your phone or computer, no matter where you are. Smart predictions make it easy to know when your invoices will be paid, you can even automate gentle payment reminders for overdue invoices.</p>
<p>Start a free 30-day QuickBooks Online trial today <a href="http://www.quickbooks.intuit.com/au/">at www.quickbooks.intuit.com/au/</a></p>
<p>All information and forms are provided “as is” without any warranty of any kind, express, implied or otherwise, including as to their legal effect and completeness. They are for general guidance and should be modified by you or your attorney to meet your specific needs and the laws of your country. Use at your own risk. Intuit, its employees or contractors who wrote or modified any form, are not providing legal or any other kind of advice and are not creating or entering into an attorney-client relationship. The information and forms are not a substitute for the advice of your own attorney. This document is not approved, endorsed by or affiliated with any state or governmental or licensing entity.</p>
<p>Tax nvoice</p>
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<table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-80f260619411ebcda04b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="1" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="4">
<thead>
<tr><th>Enter company name</th><th>Phone (02) 9999-9999</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Street address</td><td>Email name@company.com.au</td></tr>
<tr><td>City</td><td>Website companyname.com.au</td></tr>
<tr><td>State, postcode</td><td>ABN 123456789</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-80f260619411ebcda04b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="2" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="4">
<thead>
<tr><th data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Bill to</th><th>Ship to</th><th data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Details</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Client name</td><td>Client name</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Invoice# 12345</td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Street address</td><td>Street address</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Invoice date: dd/mm/yyyy</td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">City,</td><td>City,</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Terms: Net 30</td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">State, postcode</td><td>State, postcode</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Due date: dd/mm/yyyy</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>Description</h1>
<h2>Qty/Hrs</h2>
<h2>Rate</h2>
<h2>Amount</h2>
<table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-80f260619411ebcda04b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="3" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="4">
<thead>
<tr><th>Enter your product or service description</th><th>0</th><th>0</th><th>$0.00</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Enter your product or service description</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>$0.00</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-80f260619411ebcda04b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="4" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="4">
<thead>
<tr><th>Customer message</th><th>Subtotal</th><th>$0.00</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Hi,</td><td>GST component</td><td>$0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>Thank you for your purchase. Please pay this invoice using the following payment details.</td><td>Shipping</td><td>$0.00</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Regards,</p>
<h2>Total AUD</h2>
<p>$0.00</p>
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<h1>Enter company name Street address City State, postcode</h1>
<h2>Invoice</h2>
<h2>Phone (02) 9999-9999</h2>
<p>Email name@company.com.au Website companyname.com.au</p>
<table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-d2ace91314c9624f774b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="1" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="3">
<thead>
<tr><th data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Bill to</th><th>Ship to</th><th data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Details</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Client name</td><td>Client name</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Invoice# 12345</td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Street address</td><td>Street address</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Invoice date: dd/mm/yyyy</td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">City,</td><td>City,</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Terms: Net 30</td></tr>
<tr><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">State, postcode</td><td>State, postcode</td><td data-pdf-fill-color="#f1f1f1" style="background-color:#f1f1f1">Due date: dd/mm/yyyy</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>Description</h1>
<h2>Qty/Hrs</h2>
<h2>Rate</h2>
<h2>Amount</h2>
<table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-d2ace91314c9624f774b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="2" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="3">
<thead>
<tr><th>Enter your product or service description</th><th>0</th><th>0</th><th>$0.00</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Enter your product or service description</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>$0.00</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Customer message</p>
<table data-pdf-logical-table-family-id="pdf-table-family-7545520bd4f22475f060" data-pdf-logical-table-instance-id="pdf-table-instance-d2ace91314c9624f774b" data-pdf-logical-table-part="3" data-pdf-logical-table-parts="3">
<thead>
<tr><th>Hi,</th><th>Subtotal</th><th>$0.00</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Thank you for your purchase. Please pay this invoice using the following payment details.</td><td>Shipping</td><td>$0.00</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Regards,</p>
<h2>Total AUD</h2>
<p>$0.00</p></body></html>
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Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
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Ruling-free crop table PDF

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Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Table 1 BRAZIL</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PLANTED AREA ESTIMATE 2011/2012 AND 2012/2013 CROPS (In 1000 ha)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th></th><th>HARVEST</th><th></th><th></th><th>VARIATION</th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>PRODUCTS</td><td>11/12</td><td>12/13</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Absolute</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>May/2013</td><td>Jun/2013</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>(a)</td><td></td><td>(c/a)</td><td></td><td>(c-a)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>(b)</td><td>(c)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>COTTON</td><td>1.393,4</td><td>886,7</td><td>894,9</td><td>(35,8)</td><td>(498,5)</td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL PEANUT</td><td>93,9</td><td>100,6</td><td>100,2</td><td>6,7</td><td>6,3</td></tr><tr><td>PEANUT 1ST CROP</td><td>82,1</td><td>86,3</td><td>86,2</td><td>5,0</td><td>4,1</td></tr><tr><td>PEANUT 2ND CROP</td><td>11,8</td><td>14,3</td><td>14,0</td><td>18,6</td><td>2,2</td></tr><tr><td>RICE</td><td>2.426,7</td><td>2.389,7</td><td>2.396,0</td><td>(1,3)</td><td>(30,7)</td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL BEANS</td><td>3.262,1</td><td>2.952,7</td><td>3.026,9</td><td>(7,2)</td><td>(235,2)</td></tr><tr><td>BEANS 1ST CROP</td><td>1.241,4</td><td>1.122,6</td><td>1.122,9</td><td>(9,5)</td><td>(118,5)</td></tr><tr><td>BEANS 2ND CROP</td><td>1.394,6</td><td>1.275,4</td><td>1.271,7</td><td>(8,8)</td><td>(122,9)</td></tr><tr><td>BEANS 3RD CROP</td><td>626,1</td><td>554,7</td><td>632,3</td><td>1,0</td><td>6,3</td></tr><tr><td>SUNFLOWER</td><td>74,5</td><td>60,4</td><td>68,9</td><td>(7,5)</td><td>(5,6)</td></tr><tr><td>CASTOR BEAN</td><td>128,2</td><td>87,5</td><td>87,4</td><td>(31,8)</td><td>(40,8)</td></tr><tr><td>TOTAL CORN</td><td>15.178,1</td><td>15.686,2</td><td>15.817,4</td><td>4,2</td><td>639,3</td></tr><tr><td>CORN 1ST CROP</td><td>7.558,5</td><td>6.879,2</td><td>6.864,7</td><td>(9,2)</td><td>(693,8)</td></tr><tr><td>CORN 2ND CROP</td><td>7.619,6</td><td>8.807,0</td><td>8.952,7</td><td>17,5</td><td>1.333,1</td></tr><tr><td>SOYBEAN</td><td>25.042,2</td><td>27.715,2</td><td>27.715,5</td><td>10,7</td><td>2.673,3</td></tr><tr><td>SORGHUM</td><td>786,9</td><td>836,4</td><td>836,4</td><td>6,3</td><td>49,5</td></tr><tr><td>SUBTOTAL</td><td>48.386,0</td><td>50.715,4</td><td>50.943,6</td><td>5,3</td><td>2.557,7</td></tr><tr><td>OAT</td><td>153,0</td><td>168,7</td><td>168,7</td><td>10,3</td><td>15,7</td></tr><tr><td>CANOLA</td><td>42,4</td><td>43,8</td><td>43,8</td><td>3,3</td><td>1,4</td></tr><tr><td>RYE</td><td>2,3</td><td>2,3</td><td>2,3</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>BARLEY</td><td>88,4</td><td>102,8</td><td>102,8</td><td>16,3</td><td>14,4</td></tr><tr><td>WHEAT</td><td>2.166,2</td><td>1.895,4</td><td>1.895,4</td><td>(12,5)</td><td>(270,8)</td></tr><tr><td>TRITICALE</td><td>46,9</td><td>48,0</td><td>48,0</td><td>2,3</td><td>1,1</td></tr><tr><td>SUBTOTAL</td><td>2.499,2</td><td>2.261,0</td><td>2.261,0</td><td>(9,5)</td><td>(238,2)</td></tr><tr><td>BRAZIL SOURCE: CONAB - Suvey: Jun/2013</td><td>50.885,2</td><td>52.976,4</td><td>53.204,6</td><td>4,6</td><td>2.319,5</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true,"start":3} -->
<ol start="3"><li>YIELD ESTIMATE (184.30 million tons) The estimated yield is of 184.30 million tons, 10.9% higher than in 2011/12, when it reached 166.17 million tons (Table 2). This outcome represents an increment of 18.13 million tons due, mostly to soybeans and corn second crop that present increase in yield of 22.4% and 11.5%, respectively.</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Followup of the Brazilian Grain Crops 2012/2013 Ninth Assessment– Jun/2013</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>6</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Table 1 BRAZIL</h1>
<p>PLANTED AREA ESTIMATE 2011/2012 AND 2012/2013 CROPS (In 1000 ha)</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th></th><th>HARVEST</th><th></th><th></th><th>VARIATION</th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>PRODUCTS</td><td>11/12</td><td>12/13</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Absolute</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>May/2013</td><td>Jun/2013</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>(a)</td><td></td><td>(c/a)</td><td></td><td>(c-a)</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td>(b)</td><td>(c)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>COTTON</td><td>1.393,4</td><td>886,7</td><td>894,9</td><td>(35,8)</td><td>(498,5)</td></tr>
<tr><td>TOTAL PEANUT</td><td>93,9</td><td>100,6</td><td>100,2</td><td>6,7</td><td>6,3</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEANUT 1ST CROP</td><td>82,1</td><td>86,3</td><td>86,2</td><td>5,0</td><td>4,1</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEANUT 2ND CROP</td><td>11,8</td><td>14,3</td><td>14,0</td><td>18,6</td><td>2,2</td></tr>
<tr><td>RICE</td><td>2.426,7</td><td>2.389,7</td><td>2.396,0</td><td>(1,3)</td><td>(30,7)</td></tr>
<tr><td>TOTAL BEANS</td><td>3.262,1</td><td>2.952,7</td><td>3.026,9</td><td>(7,2)</td><td>(235,2)</td></tr>
<tr><td>BEANS 1ST CROP</td><td>1.241,4</td><td>1.122,6</td><td>1.122,9</td><td>(9,5)</td><td>(118,5)</td></tr>
<tr><td>BEANS 2ND CROP</td><td>1.394,6</td><td>1.275,4</td><td>1.271,7</td><td>(8,8)</td><td>(122,9)</td></tr>
<tr><td>BEANS 3RD CROP</td><td>626,1</td><td>554,7</td><td>632,3</td><td>1,0</td><td>6,3</td></tr>
<tr><td>SUNFLOWER</td><td>74,5</td><td>60,4</td><td>68,9</td><td>(7,5)</td><td>(5,6)</td></tr>
<tr><td>CASTOR BEAN</td><td>128,2</td><td>87,5</td><td>87,4</td><td>(31,8)</td><td>(40,8)</td></tr>
<tr><td>TOTAL CORN</td><td>15.178,1</td><td>15.686,2</td><td>15.817,4</td><td>4,2</td><td>639,3</td></tr>
<tr><td>CORN 1ST CROP</td><td>7.558,5</td><td>6.879,2</td><td>6.864,7</td><td>(9,2)</td><td>(693,8)</td></tr>
<tr><td>CORN 2ND CROP</td><td>7.619,6</td><td>8.807,0</td><td>8.952,7</td><td>17,5</td><td>1.333,1</td></tr>
<tr><td>SOYBEAN</td><td>25.042,2</td><td>27.715,2</td><td>27.715,5</td><td>10,7</td><td>2.673,3</td></tr>
<tr><td>SORGHUM</td><td>786,9</td><td>836,4</td><td>836,4</td><td>6,3</td><td>49,5</td></tr>
<tr><td>SUBTOTAL</td><td>48.386,0</td><td>50.715,4</td><td>50.943,6</td><td>5,3</td><td>2.557,7</td></tr>
<tr><td>OAT</td><td>153,0</td><td>168,7</td><td>168,7</td><td>10,3</td><td>15,7</td></tr>
<tr><td>CANOLA</td><td>42,4</td><td>43,8</td><td>43,8</td><td>3,3</td><td>1,4</td></tr>
<tr><td>RYE</td><td>2,3</td><td>2,3</td><td>2,3</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr>
<tr><td>BARLEY</td><td>88,4</td><td>102,8</td><td>102,8</td><td>16,3</td><td>14,4</td></tr>
<tr><td>WHEAT</td><td>2.166,2</td><td>1.895,4</td><td>1.895,4</td><td>(12,5)</td><td>(270,8)</td></tr>
<tr><td>TRITICALE</td><td>46,9</td><td>48,0</td><td>48,0</td><td>2,3</td><td>1,1</td></tr>
<tr><td>SUBTOTAL</td><td>2.499,2</td><td>2.261,0</td><td>2.261,0</td><td>(9,5)</td><td>(238,2)</td></tr>
<tr><td>BRAZIL SOURCE: CONAB - Suvey: Jun/2013</td><td>50.885,2</td><td>52.976,4</td><td>53.204,6</td><td>4,6</td><td>2.319,5</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<ol start="3">
<li><p>YIELD ESTIMATE (184.30 million tons) The estimated yield is of 184.30 million tons, 10.9% higher than in 2011/12, when it reached 166.17 million tons (Table 2). This outcome represents an increment of 18.13 million tons due, mostly to soybeans and corn second crop that present increase in yield of 22.4% and 11.5%, respectively.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Followup of the Brazilian Grain Crops 2012/2013 Ninth Assessment– Jun/2013</p>
<p>6</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

Multi-column numeric table PDF

8336 bytes | tabulapdf/tabula-java MultiColumn.pdf

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Public Tabula fixture with six numeric columns arranged as two adjacent visual groups, exercising coordinate-based table grouping.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>1</th><th>100</th><th>200</th><th>25</th><th>124</th><th>224</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>2</td><td>101</td><td>201</td><td>26</td><td>125</td><td>225</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>102</td><td>202</td><td>27</td><td>126</td><td>226</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>103</td><td>203</td><td>28</td><td>127</td><td>227</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>104</td><td>204</td><td>29</td><td>128</td><td>228</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>105</td><td>205</td><td>30</td><td>129</td><td>229</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>106</td><td>206</td><td>31</td><td>130</td><td>230</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>107</td><td>207</td><td>32</td><td>131</td><td>231</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>108</td><td>208</td><td>33</td><td>132</td><td>232</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>109</td><td>209</td><td>34</td><td>133</td><td>233</td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>110</td><td>210</td><td>35</td><td>134</td><td>234</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>111</td><td>211</td><td>36</td><td>135</td><td>235</td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>112</td><td>212</td><td>37</td><td>136</td><td>236</td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>113</td><td>213</td><td>38</td><td>137</td><td>237</td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>114</td><td>214</td><td>39</td><td>138</td><td>238</td></tr><tr><td>16</td><td>115</td><td>215</td><td>40</td><td>139</td><td>239</td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>116</td><td>216</td><td>41</td><td>140</td><td>240</td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>117</td><td>217</td><td>42</td><td>141</td><td>241</td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>118</td><td>218</td><td>43</td><td>142</td><td>242</td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>119</td><td>219</td><td>44</td><td>143</td><td>243</td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>120</td><td>220</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>22</td><td>121</td><td>221</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td>122</td><td>222</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24</td><td>123</td><td>223</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr><th>1</th><th>100</th><th>200</th><th>25</th><th>124</th><th>224</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>2</td><td>101</td><td>201</td><td>26</td><td>125</td><td>225</td></tr>
<tr><td>3</td><td>102</td><td>202</td><td>27</td><td>126</td><td>226</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>103</td><td>203</td><td>28</td><td>127</td><td>227</td></tr>
<tr><td>5</td><td>104</td><td>204</td><td>29</td><td>128</td><td>228</td></tr>
<tr><td>6</td><td>105</td><td>205</td><td>30</td><td>129</td><td>229</td></tr>
<tr><td>7</td><td>106</td><td>206</td><td>31</td><td>130</td><td>230</td></tr>
<tr><td>8</td><td>107</td><td>207</td><td>32</td><td>131</td><td>231</td></tr>
<tr><td>9</td><td>108</td><td>208</td><td>33</td><td>132</td><td>232</td></tr>
<tr><td>10</td><td>109</td><td>209</td><td>34</td><td>133</td><td>233</td></tr>
<tr><td>11</td><td>110</td><td>210</td><td>35</td><td>134</td><td>234</td></tr>
<tr><td>12</td><td>111</td><td>211</td><td>36</td><td>135</td><td>235</td></tr>
<tr><td>13</td><td>112</td><td>212</td><td>37</td><td>136</td><td>236</td></tr>
<tr><td>14</td><td>113</td><td>213</td><td>38</td><td>137</td><td>237</td></tr>
<tr><td>15</td><td>114</td><td>214</td><td>39</td><td>138</td><td>238</td></tr>
<tr><td>16</td><td>115</td><td>215</td><td>40</td><td>139</td><td>239</td></tr>
<tr><td>17</td><td>116</td><td>216</td><td>41</td><td>140</td><td>240</td></tr>
<tr><td>18</td><td>117</td><td>217</td><td>42</td><td>141</td><td>241</td></tr>
<tr><td>19</td><td>118</td><td>218</td><td>43</td><td>142</td><td>242</td></tr>
<tr><td>20</td><td>119</td><td>219</td><td>44</td><td>143</td><td>243</td></tr>
<tr><td>21</td><td>120</td><td>220</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>22</td><td>121</td><td>221</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>23</td><td>122</td><td>222</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>24</td><td>123</td><td>223</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Unknown input format 'pdf'
Pandoc can convert to PDF, but not from PDF.
Project-local markerPDF bridge extracts searchable PDF text lines and structural provenance for simple PDFs. Complex multi-column or untagged PDFs may lose spacing/order or be exposed only as extraction diagnostics. PDF is not an upstream Pandoc input format.

pptx

4 samples

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Presentation fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-1">LLMs</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Provider   Available LLMs – who manages? How?</li><li>EW maintained list of “approved” LLMs for Universal workers</li><li>Rebuilding of UWs to the “Newgen” thing completely</li><li>Streaming support</li><li>Multimodal (voice streaming) models?</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-2">Everworker   venn   diagram</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>SKILLS</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Specialized Workers / Workflows:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>n8n, UI Path, </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>other RPA</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>BRAINS</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Universal Workers / AI Agents:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>openai , anthropic,</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Crew AI, other </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>“AI natives”</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>KNOWLEDGE </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Data / </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RAG Pipelines</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Vector DBs, specialized data prep vendors, …</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>glean</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>EW</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-3">Table</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Col1</th><th>Col2</th><th>Col3</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Name</td><td>Anton</td><td>Antich</td></tr><tr><td>Age</td><td>23</td><td>years</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image1.png" alt="" title="Picture 6" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="60095" data-pandoc-media-sha1="1e5f581b77af91805f5cf1f0dc35b76019168f3f" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="eb931b5bb9d5b095dbba6aa23ba5053623bf6525" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-4">Smart Art</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group smartart chevron2">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>First</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>another</li><li>subtitle</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Second</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>and yet again</li><li>yet more</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="slide-1">LLMs</h2>
<ul>
<li>Provider   Available LLMs – who manages? How?</li>
<li>EW maintained list of “approved” LLMs for Universal workers</li>
<li>Rebuilding of UWs to the “Newgen” thing completely</li>
<li>Streaming support</li>
<li>Multimodal (voice streaming) models?</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="slide-2">Everworker   venn   diagram</h2>
<p>SKILLS</p>
<p></p>
<p>Specialized Workers / Workflows:</p>
<p></p>
<p>n8n, UI Path, </p>
<p>other RPA</p>
<p>BRAINS</p>
<p></p>
<p>Universal Workers / AI Agents:</p>
<p></p>
<p>openai , anthropic,</p>
<p>Crew AI, other </p>
<p>“AI natives”</p>
<p>KNOWLEDGE </p>
<p></p>
<p>Data / </p>
<p>RAG Pipelines</p>
<p></p>
<p>Vector DBs, specialized data prep vendors, …</p>
<p>glean</p>
<p>EW</p>
<h2 id="slide-3">Table</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Col1</th><th>Col2</th><th>Col3</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Name</td><td>Anton</td><td>Antich</td></tr>
<tr><td>Age</td><td>23</td><td>years</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image1.png" title="Picture 6" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="60095" data-pandoc-media-sha1="1e5f581b77af91805f5cf1f0dc35b76019168f3f" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="eb931b5bb9d5b095dbba6aa23ba5053623bf6525" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-4">Smart Art</h2>
<div class="smartart chevron2" layout="chevron2">
<p><strong>First</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>another</li>
<li>subtitle</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Second</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>and yet again</li>
<li>yet more</li>
</ul>
</div></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="slide-1">LLMs</h2>
<ul>
<li>Provider   Available LLMs – who manages? How?</li>
<li>EW maintained list of “approved” LLMs for Universal workers</li>
<li>Rebuilding of UWs to the “Newgen” thing completely</li>
<li>Streaming support</li>
<li>Multimodal (voice streaming) models?</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="slide-2">Everworker   venn   diagram</h2>
<p>SKILLS</p>
<p></p>
<p>Specialized Workers / Workflows:</p>
<p></p>
<p>n8n, UI Path, </p>
<p>other RPA</p>
<p>BRAINS</p>
<p></p>
<p>Universal Workers / AI Agents:</p>
<p></p>
<p>openai , anthropic,</p>
<p>Crew AI, other </p>
<p>“AI natives”</p>
<p>KNOWLEDGE </p>
<p></p>
<p>Data / </p>
<p>RAG Pipelines</p>
<p></p>
<p>Vector DBs, specialized data prep vendors, …</p>
<p>glean</p>
<p>EW</p>
<h2 id="slide-3">Table</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Col1</th>
<th>Col2</th>
<th>Col3</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>Anton</td>
<td>Antich</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Age</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>years</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image1.png" title="Picture 6" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-4">Smart Art</h2>
<div class="smartart chevron2" data-layout="chevron2">
<p><strong>First</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>another</li>
<li>subtitle</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Second</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>and yet again</li>
<li>yet more</li>
</ul>
</div>
</body></html>
PPTX reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 109/109 checked-in PPTX/native pairs. The OpenXML reader maps upstream-style root officeDocument discovery, presentation and slide relationships, slide order, visible shapes, DrawingML text, tables, images, SmartArt, charts, speaker-note/comment review metadata, and grouped drawable descendants into the shared AST.

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Generated presentation fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-1">A Table, with a caption</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Right</th><th>Left</th><th>Center</th><th>Default</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>12</td><td>12</td><td>12</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>123</td><td>123</td><td>123</td><td>123</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Demonstration of simple table syntax, with alignment</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-2">Slide 2</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Right</th><th>Left</th><th>Center</th><th>Default</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>12</td><td>12</td><td>12</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>123</td><td>123</td><td>123</td><td>123</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="slide-1">A Table, with a caption</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Right</th><th>Left</th><th>Center</th><th>Default</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>12</td><td>12</td><td>12</td><td>12</td></tr>
<tr><td>123</td><td>123</td><td>123</td><td>123</td></tr>
<tr><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Demonstration of simple table syntax, with alignment</p>
<h2 id="slide-2">Slide 2</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Right</th><th>Left</th><th>Center</th><th>Default</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>12</td><td>12</td><td>12</td><td>12</td></tr>
<tr><td>123</td><td>123</td><td>123</td><td>123</td></tr>
<tr><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="slide-1">A Table, with a caption</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Right</th>
<th>Left</th>
<th>Center</th>
<th>Default</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>12</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>123</td>
<td>123</td>
<td>123</td>
<td>123</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Demonstration of simple table syntax, with alignment</p>
<h2 id="slide-2">Slide 2</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Right</th>
<th>Left</th>
<th>Center</th>
<th>Default</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>12</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>123</td>
<td>123</td>
<td>123</td>
<td>123</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
PPTX reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 109/109 checked-in PPTX/native pairs. The OpenXML reader maps upstream-style root officeDocument discovery, presentation and slide relationships, slide order, visible shapes, DrawingML text, tables, images, SmartArt, charts, speaker-note/comment review metadata, and grouped drawable descendants into the shared AST.

CDC food safety classroom slides

862210 bytes | CDC Museum Public Health Academy Keeping Food Healthy slides

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Real CDC PowerPoint deck with 16 slides, many images, list-heavy slides, and a data table.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-1">Keeping Food Healthy</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image1.png" alt="David J. Sencer CDC Museum Public Health Academy" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="32781" data-pandoc-media-sha1="fbb97252075d43eebaa735b81fcafe89cff9a773" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="eb931b5bb9d5b095dbba6aa23ba5053623bf6525" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 6" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 5" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image4.png" alt="" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="928" data-pandoc-media-sha1="58ed4f35614955ba76524412f9915146eff84f8e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="7b197ed54ad0c42e1bef127dd7458793803e397d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-2">Terms to Know</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th></th><th>people who help collect data for research projects conducted by professional scientists</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td>microscopic living organisms</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>an action by a food manufacturer to protect from food that might cause health problems</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>when bacteria or other harmful microorganisms spoil food</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>bacteria found in the intestines of people &amp; animals; most cause salmonellosis</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>the science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>any illness resulting from spoilage of contaminated food</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>bacteria found in the environment, foods, &amp; intestines of people and animals</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Word Bank</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>contamination</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>citizen scientists</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Salmonella</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>bacteria</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>public health</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>food recall</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>foodborne illness</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>E. coli</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 16" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 25" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 15" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-3">Understanding Foodborne Diseases</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Foodborne illness  outbreaks:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>when two or more people get the same illness from the same  contaminated  food or drink</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Two of most common outbreaks caused by:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>E. coli</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Salmonella</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 15" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 16" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image5.jpeg" alt="A picture of a boy buying vegetables" title="Picture 4" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="24217" data-pandoc-media-sha1="8783142386cc5cab164303a44d9e1d3bc496c5de" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="d84d6b46951cf34c696750c0366484df6ea1d80e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image6.jpeg" alt="A picture of a boy eating school lunch" title="Picture 5" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="21936" data-pandoc-media-sha1="81b6dc85395d3d56a552cb3a6c1597659467da9b" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="26167d62199f8e12a3ac2a29102d4bafa6df154b" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image7.jpeg" alt="A picture of rod-shaped E. coli bacteria." title="Picture 3" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="13534" data-pandoc-media-sha1="4e1f214fee88a8dd6904bdc8d8ec1f52574dc408" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="59745cd23207b906bcdce2a653392a10ee318988" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<h2 id="slide-4">Think About It</h2>
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<p>Are all bacteria harmful?</p>
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<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What are two bacteria that can be found in the human intestines?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Have you heard of any food items that were recalled?</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image8.png" alt="" title="Picture 12" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="6148" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c30431a07e2f1984dccd7f07b3bb8750ab307ebb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="8b2381695c05ecbab3a2282b0f437bf9fcc2ce68" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 16" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 20" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-5">Food Safety and CDC</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Disease at CDC</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>monitor surveillance systems that track + monitor reports of foodborne &amp; waterborne diseases </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>PulseNet :</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>national laboratory network</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>connects foodborne illness cases to detect outbreaks</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>uses DNA fingerprinting of  bacteria  making people sick</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image9.jpeg" alt="" title="Picture 3" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="44909" data-pandoc-media-sha1="21f071f2f16491f30ea6ac92092b497ae2ef941a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="adf000edf2f7f81b790d48082730060e8475c87f" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-6">Food Safety and CDC</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FoodNet :</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>conducts surveillance for infections of nine foodborne  bacterial  and parasitic pathogens </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>tracks number of cases + where cases came from, monitors changes</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>FoodNetFAST :</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>charts + tables of foodborne illness data</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Four steps to protect from food poisoning:</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>clean, separate, cook, and chill</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image10.png" alt="" title="Picture 2" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="59088" data-pandoc-media-sha1="1aa5f93b2757e7da063530a030150bd408971794" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="e7a4818bd31c293a776471809660e56e0118c1bd" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-7">Think About It</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why would an  E. coli  outbreak with broccoli in California be important to residents of other states across the country?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What dangers could consumers experience if strict guidelines weren’t in place for food handling?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What safety protocols have you noticed when shopping for fresh produce in your local grocery store? </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image8.png" alt="" title="Picture 12" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="6148" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c30431a07e2f1984dccd7f07b3bb8750ab307ebb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="8b2381695c05ecbab3a2282b0f437bf9fcc2ce68" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 8" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 9" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-8">From the Expert</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>  https://youtu.be/iIaKWNZhz74  </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 6" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image11.jpeg" alt="CDC in Action: Foodborne Outbreaks" title="Online Media 9" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="9996" data-pandoc-media-sha1="da1da919ed90a9967a058519793eb996cbccce06" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="6ec7922a5e3641d67ab43d9d8545d634a4a4a975" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-9">Think About It</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why should raw meat be prepared separately from fruits and vegetables?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why is cooking food to the proper temperature important?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What do you think is the best way to convince other people to follow Clean, Separate, Cook, and Chill?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image8.png" alt="" title="Picture 12" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="6148" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c30431a07e2f1984dccd7f07b3bb8750ab307ebb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="8b2381695c05ecbab3a2282b0f437bf9fcc2ce68" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 8" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 9" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-10">Give it a Try</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 20" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Call to Action!</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Conduct an Experiment with Fruits &amp; Vegetables</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Create a Public Service Announcement (PSA)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Share Your Findings</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Why do you think participation is important?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li></li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-11">Conduct an Experiment with Fruits and Vegetables</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group smartart IconVerticalSolidList">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Research</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Do background research</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Test</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Test with an experiment</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Hypothesis</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Construct hypothesis</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Ask</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Ask a question</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Draw conclusions</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Share</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Communicate results</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>Analyze</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Analyze data</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 5" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 6" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-12">Give It a Try</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 20" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1. Conduct an Experiment with Fruits &amp; Vegetables</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Prepare the petri dishes &amp; cleansing solution</li><li>Prepare the fruits/vegetables</li><li>Conduct the experiment with unwashed and washed samples</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image26.png" alt="An illustration of a petri dish that has been divided in half on the bottom with a marker. One side is labeled W and the other U. The fruit/veg name is labeled on the petri dish&#039;s cover." title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="22774" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bb66402905c133ecdd49f038e66a5dd1d51531be" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="59ef48aa7c610cee6e4df95ce1e03e8c885cdde2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image27.png" alt="An illustration of 5 paper towels that have been labeled with a marker. There is a line down the middle, and the two sides are labeled W and U. Washed and unwashed fruits are laid out on each side." title="Picture 25" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="61065" data-pandoc-media-sha1="13adb97f442a649384c3bbb4825a4ef45de091bc" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="fe8d4024a298f9a49c54b5f0a163b3d189d44f35" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image28.png" alt="An illustration of a petri dish that is being swabbed with a cotton swab using a wavy line pattern." title="Picture 26" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="18573" data-pandoc-media-sha1="d76989cce8b32968e7ad1b6f9867180fcb358a32" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="040a9a5e74a1d86e75105f7f0eef571b645e2603" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-13">Give it a Try</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 20" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image29.png" alt="" title="Picture 12" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="47358" data-pandoc-media-sha1="58b5056742c045408e485eac1b86f77a17de7087" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="5205386bf471d1cc7390c5077303850c9c06ba6c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1. Conduct an Experiment with Fruits/ Vegetables</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Data collection</li><li>Disposal of your petri dishes</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-14">Give it a Try</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 21" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 14" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>2. Create a Public Service Announcement (PSA)</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Topic:  Four Steps to Food Safety</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image30.jpeg" alt="4 Steps to Food Safety - Clean, Separate, Cook and Chill" title="Picture 2" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="147254" data-pandoc-media-sha1="e2378e9ca5696bfe41abad60638442264eede70f" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="7320ea216027faf1ad5bdb653b601364692aaf3e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-15">Give it a Try</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 13" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image31.png" alt="" title="Picture 16" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="76932" data-pandoc-media-sha1="7567952c48437ce2b248f72fcf7c9c35d1738951" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="4dcaf46a9f25b8a2e07a7b5a87a2d1b00be18bf5" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<p>3. Share Your Findings</p>
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<ul><li>Instagram @CDCmuseum</li></ul>
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<h2 id="slide-16">Questions?</h2>
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<p></p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" alt="" title="Picture 12" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" alt="" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image32.png" alt="" title="Picture 16" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="886" data-pandoc-media-sha1="a68454b332f90313ee2818f34f09ad6a5c1812b7" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bf008e6d1f922389b0222e57526c2a70c327659a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="slide-1">Keeping Food Healthy</h2>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image1.png" title="Picture 10" alt="David J. Sencer CDC Museum Public Health Academy" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="32781" data-pandoc-media-sha1="fbb97252075d43eebaa735b81fcafe89cff9a773" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image1.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="eb931b5bb9d5b095dbba6aa23ba5053623bf6525" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 6" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 5" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image4.png" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="928" data-pandoc-media-sha1="58ed4f35614955ba76524412f9915146eff84f8e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image4.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="7b197ed54ad0c42e1bef127dd7458793803e397d" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p></p>
<h2 id="slide-2">Terms to Know</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th></th><th>people who help collect data for research projects conducted by professional scientists</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td>microscopic living organisms</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>an action by a food manufacturer to protect from food that might cause health problems</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>when bacteria or other harmful microorganisms spoil food</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>bacteria found in the intestines of people &amp; animals; most cause salmonellosis</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>the science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>any illness resulting from spoilage of contaminated food</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td>bacteria found in the environment, foods, &amp; intestines of people and animals</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Word Bank</p>
<p>contamination</p>
<p>citizen scientists</p>
<p>Salmonella</p>
<p>bacteria</p>
<p>public health</p>
<p>food recall</p>
<p>foodborne illness</p>
<p>E. coli</p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 16" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 25" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 15" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-3">Understanding Foodborne Diseases</h2>
<p>Foodborne illness  outbreaks:</p>
<p>when two or more people get the same illness from the same  contaminated  food or drink</p>
<p>Two of most common outbreaks caused by:</p>
<p>E. coli</p>
<p>Salmonella</p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 15" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 16" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image5.jpeg" title="Picture 4" alt="A picture of a boy buying vegetables" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="24217" data-pandoc-media-sha1="8783142386cc5cab164303a44d9e1d3bc496c5de" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="d84d6b46951cf34c696750c0366484df6ea1d80e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image6.jpeg" title="Picture 5" alt="A picture of a boy eating school lunch" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="21936" data-pandoc-media-sha1="81b6dc85395d3d56a552cb3a6c1597659467da9b" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="26167d62199f8e12a3ac2a29102d4bafa6df154b" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image7.jpeg" title="Picture 3" alt="A picture of rod-shaped E. coli bacteria." data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="13534" data-pandoc-media-sha1="4e1f214fee88a8dd6904bdc8d8ec1f52574dc408" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="59745cd23207b906bcdce2a653392a10ee318988" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-4">Think About It</h2>
<p>Are all bacteria harmful?</p>
<p>What are two bacteria that can be found in the human intestines?</p>
<p>Have you heard of any food items that were recalled?</p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image8.png" title="Picture 12" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="6148" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c30431a07e2f1984dccd7f07b3bb8750ab307ebb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="8b2381695c05ecbab3a2282b0f437bf9fcc2ce68" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 16" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 20" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-5">Food Safety and CDC</h2>
<p>Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Disease at CDC</p>
<p>monitor surveillance systems that track + monitor reports of foodborne &amp; waterborne diseases </p>
<p>PulseNet :</p>
<p>national laboratory network</p>
<p>connects foodborne illness cases to detect outbreaks</p>
<p>uses DNA fingerprinting of  bacteria  making people sick</p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image9.jpeg" title="Picture 3" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="44909" data-pandoc-media-sha1="21f071f2f16491f30ea6ac92092b497ae2ef941a" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="adf000edf2f7f81b790d48082730060e8475c87f" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-6">Food Safety and CDC</h2>
<p>FoodNet :</p>
<p>conducts surveillance for infections of nine foodborne  bacterial  and parasitic pathogens </p>
<p>tracks number of cases + where cases came from, monitors changes</p>
<p>FoodNetFAST :</p>
<p>charts + tables of foodborne illness data</p>
<p>Four steps to protect from food poisoning:</p>
<p>clean, separate, cook, and chill</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image10.png" title="Picture 2" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="59088" data-pandoc-media-sha1="1aa5f93b2757e7da063530a030150bd408971794" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image10.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="e7a4818bd31c293a776471809660e56e0118c1bd" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-7">Think About It</h2>
<p>Why would an  E. coli  outbreak with broccoli in California be important to residents of other states across the country?</p>
<p>What dangers could consumers experience if strict guidelines weren’t in place for food handling?</p>
<p>What safety protocols have you noticed when shopping for fresh produce in your local grocery store? </p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image8.png" title="Picture 12" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="6148" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c30431a07e2f1984dccd7f07b3bb8750ab307ebb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="8b2381695c05ecbab3a2282b0f437bf9fcc2ce68" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 8" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 9" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-8">From the Expert</h2>
<p>  https://youtu.be/iIaKWNZhz74  </p>
<p></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 6" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image11.jpeg" title="Online Media 9" alt="CDC in Action: Foodborne Outbreaks" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="9996" data-pandoc-media-sha1="da1da919ed90a9967a058519793eb996cbccce06" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="6ec7922a5e3641d67ab43d9d8545d634a4a4a975" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-9">Think About It</h2>
<p>Why should raw meat be prepared separately from fruits and vegetables?</p>
<p>Why is cooking food to the proper temperature important?</p>
<p>What do you think is the best way to convince other people to follow Clean, Separate, Cook, and Chill?</p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image8.png" title="Picture 12" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="6148" data-pandoc-media-sha1="c30431a07e2f1984dccd7f07b3bb8750ab307ebb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image8.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="8b2381695c05ecbab3a2282b0f437bf9fcc2ce68" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 8" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 9" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-10">Give it a Try</h2>
<p></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 20" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>Call to Action!</p>
<p>Conduct an Experiment with Fruits &amp; Vegetables</p>
<p>Create a Public Service Announcement (PSA)</p>
<p>Share Your Findings</p>
<ul>
<li></li>
</ul>
<p>Why do you think participation is important?</p>
<ul>
<li></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="slide-11">Conduct an Experiment with Fruits and Vegetables</h2>
<div class="smartart IconVerticalSolidList" layout="IconVerticalSolidList">
<p><strong>Research</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Do background research</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Test</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Test with an experiment</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Hypothesis</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Construct hypothesis</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Ask</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Ask a question</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Draw conclusions</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Share</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Communicate results</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Analyze</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Analyze data</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 5" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 6" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-12">Give It a Try</h2>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 20" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>1. Conduct an Experiment with Fruits &amp; Vegetables</p>
<ul>
<li>Prepare the petri dishes &amp; cleansing solution</li>
<li>Prepare the fruits/vegetables</li>
<li>Conduct the experiment with unwashed and washed samples</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image26.png" title="Picture 7" alt="An illustration of a petri dish that has been divided in half on the bottom with a marker. One side is labeled W and the other U. The fruit/veg name is labeled on the petri dish&#039;s cover." data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="22774" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bb66402905c133ecdd49f038e66a5dd1d51531be" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image26.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="59ef48aa7c610cee6e4df95ce1e03e8c885cdde2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image27.png" title="Picture 25" alt="An illustration of 5 paper towels that have been labeled with a marker. There is a line down the middle, and the two sides are labeled W and U. Washed and unwashed fruits are laid out on each side." data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="61065" data-pandoc-media-sha1="13adb97f442a649384c3bbb4825a4ef45de091bc" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image27.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="fe8d4024a298f9a49c54b5f0a163b3d189d44f35" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image28.png" title="Picture 26" alt="An illustration of a petri dish that is being swabbed with a cotton swab using a wavy line pattern." data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="18573" data-pandoc-media-sha1="d76989cce8b32968e7ad1b6f9867180fcb358a32" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image28.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="040a9a5e74a1d86e75105f7f0eef571b645e2603" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-13">Give it a Try</h2>
<p></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 20" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image29.png" title="Picture 12" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="47358" data-pandoc-media-sha1="58b5056742c045408e485eac1b86f77a17de7087" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image29.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="5205386bf471d1cc7390c5077303850c9c06ba6c" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>1. Conduct an Experiment with Fruits/ Vegetables</p>
<ul>
<li>Data collection</li>
<li>Disposal of your petri dishes</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="slide-14">Give it a Try</h2>
<p></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 21" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 14" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>2. Create a Public Service Announcement (PSA)</p>
<ul>
<li>Topic:  Four Steps to Food Safety</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image30.jpeg" title="Picture 2" alt="4 Steps to Food Safety - Clean, Separate, Cook and Chill" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="147254" data-pandoc-media-sha1="e2378e9ca5696bfe41abad60638442264eede70f" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="7320ea216027faf1ad5bdb653b601364692aaf3e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-15">Give it a Try</h2>
<p></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 14" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 13" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image31.png" title="Picture 16" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="76932" data-pandoc-media-sha1="7567952c48437ce2b248f72fcf7c9c35d1738951" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image31.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="4dcaf46a9f25b8a2e07a7b5a87a2d1b00be18bf5" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p>3. Share Your Findings</p>
<ul>
<li>Instagram @CDCmuseum</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="slide-16">Questions?</h2>
<p></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 12" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="5021" data-pandoc-media-sha1="423fde3c70a388e44d669b5d0a2f09c89d5182cb" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ad14f5e8f98d527a0b7d8358a739e0de4643fad3" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="14887" data-pandoc-media-sha1="990735834b224516f6784091d5888b87f4e41611" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="472fe68f93090915be39bcc21338857ec8f3a8d2" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image32.png" title="Picture 16" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="886" data-pandoc-media-sha1="a68454b332f90313ee2818f34f09ad6a5c1812b7" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image32.png" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bf008e6d1f922389b0222e57526c2a70c327659a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="slide-1">Keeping Food Healthy</h2>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image1.png" title="Picture 10"
alt="David J. Sencer CDC Museum Public Health Academy" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 6" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 5" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image4.png" title="Picture 7" /></p>
<p></p>
<h2 id="slide-2">Terms to Know</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>people who help collect data for research projects conducted by
professional scientists</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>microscopic living organisms</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>an action by a food manufacturer to protect from food that might
cause health problems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>when bacteria or other harmful microorganisms spoil food</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>bacteria found in the intestines of people &amp; animals; most cause
salmonellosis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>the science of protecting and improving the health of people and
their communities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>any illness resulting from spoilage of contaminated food</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>bacteria found in the environment, foods, &amp; intestines of people
and animals</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Word Bank</p>
<p>contamination</p>
<p>citizen scientists</p>
<p>Salmonella</p>
<p>bacteria</p>
<p>public health</p>
<p>food recall</p>
<p>foodborne illness</p>
<p>E. coli</p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 16" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 25" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 15" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-3">Understanding Foodborne Diseases</h2>
<p>Foodborne illness  outbreaks:</p>
<p>when two or more people get the same illness from the
same  contaminated  food or drink</p>
<p>Two of most common outbreaks caused by:</p>
<p>E. coli</p>
<p>Salmonella</p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 15" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 16" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image5.jpeg" title="Picture 4"
alt="A picture of a boy buying vegetables" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image6.jpeg" title="Picture 5"
alt="A picture of a boy eating school lunch" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image7.jpeg" title="Picture 3"
alt="A picture of rod-shaped E. coli bacteria." /></p>
<h2 id="slide-4">Think About It</h2>
<p>Are all bacteria harmful?</p>
<p>What are two bacteria that can be found in the human intestines?</p>
<p>Have you heard of any food items that were recalled?</p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image8.png" title="Picture 12" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 16" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 20" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-5">Food Safety and CDC</h2>
<p>Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Disease at
CDC</p>
<p>monitor surveillance systems that track + monitor reports of
foodborne &amp; waterborne diseases </p>
<p>PulseNet :</p>
<p>national laboratory network</p>
<p>connects foodborne illness cases to detect outbreaks</p>
<p>uses DNA fingerprinting of  bacteria  making people sick</p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 7" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image9.jpeg" title="Picture 3" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-6">Food Safety and CDC</h2>
<p>FoodNet :</p>
<p>conducts surveillance for infections of nine
foodborne  bacterial  and parasitic pathogens </p>
<p>tracks number of cases + where cases came from, monitors changes</p>
<p>FoodNetFAST :</p>
<p>charts + tables of foodborne illness data</p>
<p>Four steps to protect from food poisoning:</p>
<p>clean, separate, cook, and chill</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 7" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image10.png" title="Picture 2" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-7">Think About It</h2>
<p>Why would an  E. coli  outbreak with broccoli in California be
important to residents of other states across the country?</p>
<p>What dangers could consumers experience if strict guidelines weren’t
in place for food handling?</p>
<p>What safety protocols have you noticed when shopping for fresh
produce in your local grocery store? </p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image8.png" title="Picture 12" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 8" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 9" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-8">From the Expert</h2>
<p>  https://youtu.be/iIaKWNZhz74  </p>
<p></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 6" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 7" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image11.jpeg" title="Online Media 9"
alt="CDC in Action: Foodborne Outbreaks" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-9">Think About It</h2>
<p>Why should raw meat be prepared separately from fruits and
vegetables?</p>
<p>Why is cooking food to the proper temperature important?</p>
<p>What do you think is the best way to convince other people to follow
Clean, Separate, Cook, and Chill?</p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image8.png" title="Picture 12" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 8" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 9" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-10">Give it a Try</h2>
<p></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 20" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" /></p>
<p>Call to Action!</p>
<p>Conduct an Experiment with Fruits &amp; Vegetables</p>
<p>Create a Public Service Announcement (PSA)</p>
<p>Share Your Findings</p>
<ul>
<li></li>
</ul>
<p>Why do you think participation is important?</p>
<ul>
<li></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="slide-11">Conduct an Experiment with Fruits and Vegetables</h2>
<div class="smartart IconVerticalSolidList"
data-layout="IconVerticalSolidList">
<p><strong>Research</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Do background research</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Test</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Test with an experiment</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Hypothesis</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Construct hypothesis</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Ask</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Ask a question</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Draw conclusions</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Share</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Communicate results</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Analyze</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Analyze data</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 5" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 6" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-12">Give It a Try</h2>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 20" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" /></p>
<p>1. Conduct an Experiment with Fruits &amp; Vegetables</p>
<ul>
<li>Prepare the petri dishes &amp; cleansing solution</li>
<li>Prepare the fruits/vegetables</li>
<li>Conduct the experiment with unwashed and washed samples</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image26.png" title="Picture 7"
alt="An illustration of a petri dish that has been divided in half on the bottom with a marker. One side is labeled W and the other U. The fruit/veg name is labeled on the petri dish&#39;s cover." /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image27.png" title="Picture 25"
alt="An illustration of 5 paper towels that have been labeled with a marker. There is a line down the middle, and the two sides are labeled W and U. Washed and unwashed fruits are laid out on each side." /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image28.png" title="Picture 26"
alt="An illustration of a petri dish that is being swabbed with a cotton swab using a wavy line pattern." /></p>
<h2 id="slide-13">Give it a Try</h2>
<p></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 20" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image29.png" title="Picture 12" /></p>
<p>1. Conduct an Experiment with Fruits/ Vegetables</p>
<ul>
<li>Data collection</li>
<li>Disposal of your petri dishes</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="slide-14">Give it a Try</h2>
<p></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 21" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 14" /></p>
<p>2. Create a Public Service Announcement (PSA)</p>
<ul>
<li>Topic:  Four Steps to Food Safety</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image30.jpeg" title="Picture 2"
alt="4 Steps to Food Safety - Clean, Separate, Cook and Chill" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-15">Give it a Try</h2>
<p></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 14" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 13" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image31.png" title="Picture 16" /></p>
<p>3. Share Your Findings</p>
<ul>
<li>Instagram @CDCmuseum</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="slide-16">Questions?</h2>
<p></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.png" title="Picture 12" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.png" title="Picture 10" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image32.png" title="Picture 16" /></p>
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<h2 id="slide-1">Session 1.</h2>
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<p>BFHI:  A key component of quality maternal and newborn care</p>
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<p>1/1</p>
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<p>© WHO/ Yoshi  Shimizu</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.jpg" alt="" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="87293" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cd92ff4fbfde3a068d441b1540b47891e179e189" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="180218207d5f1422c5af8a83453181ac332e6cfc" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<h2 id="slide-2">Session 1. Objectives  BFHI: A key component of quality maternal and newborn care</h2>
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<p>After completing this session, participants will be able to:</p>
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<ul><li>describe the importance of exclusive and continued breastfeeding;</li><li>discuss the  WHO/UNICEF Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding; </li><li>outline the  Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI);</li><li>list the  Ten steps to successful breastfeeding (ten Steps);</li><li>outline how this course improves capacity building.</li></ul>
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<p></p>
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<p></p>
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<p>1/2</p>
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<h2 id="slide-3">Exclusive and continued breastfeeding</h2>
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<p>Left: © UNICEF/UN041252/ Pirozzi</p>
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<p>1/3</p>
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<p>Right top: © UNICEF/UN0281006/ Vishwanathan</p>
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<p>Right Bottom: © UNICEF/UN0321734/ Mejía</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.jpg" alt="" title="Picture 4" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="15573" data-pandoc-media-sha1="d4ec37f52186f3cb056e9ead8acbebdc1c381d9d" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ff5124d9b23777f2669d8da01e2f3e6ecaf35777" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image4.jpg" alt="" title="Picture 13" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="58610" data-pandoc-media-sha1="3dc80d11ac2826084cb80b152a576bda0942b309" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="fc496e647f235c1ec3ae01e4c31be5d544d8532a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image5.jpg" alt="" title="Picture 15" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="55871" data-pandoc-media-sha1="b120fb4380546ddbe780c71b32dea5bac5a9f6aa" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0c6d45a422b5afa9ec822004425c45874ea335b9" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<h2 id="slide-4">To enable mothers/parents/caregivers to establish and sustain exclusive breastfeeding for  six  months, WHO and UNICEF recommend:</h2>
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<p>immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact from birth and initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour of life;  </p>
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<p>exclusive breastfeeding – the infant only receives breast milk, and no other foods or fluids;</p>
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<p>breastfeeding  responsively  – that is, as early and often, and as long as the baby wants, day and night;</p>
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<p>counselling mothers on the  risks and   use of feeding bottles, teats or pacifiers.</p>
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<p></p>
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<p>1/4</p>
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<h2 id="slide-5">Goal of Global Strategy</h2>
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<ul><li>Improve the nutritional status, growth and development, health, and survival of infants and young children through optimal feeding practices.</li><li>Support exclusive breastfeeding for six months, followed by timely, adequate, safe, and appropriate complementary feeding. </li><li>Breastfeeding should continue for up to two years and beyond.</li><li>Support maternal nutrition through social and community support initiatives. </li></ul>
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<p></p>
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<p>1/5</p>
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<h2 id="slide-6">Ten Steps to successful breastfeeding:  Critical management procedures</h2>
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<p>1a.	Comply fully with the International Code of 	Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and 	relevant World Health Assembly 	Resolutions.</p>
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<p>1b.	Have a written infant feeding policy that is 	routinely communicated to staff and parents.</p>
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<p>1c. 	Establish ongoing monitoring and data-	management systems.</p>
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<p>2. 	Ensure that staff have sufficient knowledge, 	competence and skills to support breastfeeding.</p>
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<p></p>
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<p>1/6</p>
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<h2 id="slide-7">Ten steps to successful breastfeeding: key clinical practices</h2>
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<p>3.	Discuss the importance and management of 	breastfeeding with pregnant women and their 	families. </p>
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<p>4.	Facilitate immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-	skin contact and support mothers to initiate 	breastfeeding as soon as possible after birth.</p>
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<p>5.	Support mothers to initiate and maintain 	breastfeeding and manage common difficulties. </p>
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<p>6.	Do not provide breastfed newborns any food or 	fluids other than breast milk, unless medically 	indicated. </p>
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<p></p>
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<p>1/7</p>
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<h2 id="slide-8">Ten steps to successful breastfeeding: key clinical practices</h2>
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<p>7.	 Enable mothers and their infants to remain 	together, and to practice rooming-in 24 	hours per day.</p>
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<p>8. 	Support mothers to recognize and respond to 	their infants’ cues for feeding.</p>
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<p>9. 	Counsel mothers on the use and risks of 	feeding bottles, teats and pacifiers. </p>
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<p>10.     Coordinate discharge so that parents and their 	infants have timely access to ongoing 	support 	and care.</p>
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<p></p>
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<p>1/8</p>
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<h2 id="slide-9">BFHI Maternity Staff Course: Structure and expectations</h2>
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<p>Structure</p>
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<p>22 hours</p>
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<p>3 days</p>
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<p>Lecture, hands-on practice Clinical sessions</p>
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<p>Expectations</p>
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<p>Knowledge + Practice</p>
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<p>Interaction</p>
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<p>Problem-solving</p>
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<p>1/9</p>
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<p>© WHO/ Yoshi  Shimizu</p>
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<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.jpg" alt="" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="87293" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cd92ff4fbfde3a068d441b1540b47891e179e189" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="180218207d5f1422c5af8a83453181ac332e6cfc" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path"/></figure>
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<h2 id="slide-10">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
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<p>Global Breastfeeding Scorecard</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Please find your country’s information</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-NMH-NHD-19.22</p>
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<p>Discussion questions</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>What did you learn about your own country’s situation?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>How does this reflect your local context?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What are areas of success?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>What are areas of improvement?</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1/10</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-11">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Breastfeeding rates</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Early initiation in &lt; 1 hour</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<p>Exclusive: 0-6 months</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Continued at 1 year</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Continued at 2 years</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1/11</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-12">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Enabling environment and reporting: </p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Please include information from the listed topics on the Breastfeeding Scorecard for your country.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1/12</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Topic</th><th>Your country’s data</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Donor funding per live birth (USD)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Legal status of the Code</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Compliance with C183 and R191</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>% births in Baby Friendly Hospitals and Maternity Centres</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>% Primary health care facilities with individual IYCF counselling</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>% districts implementing community programs</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Most recent Exclusive BF report</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Most recent  WBTi  Breastfeeding program assessment</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="slide-13">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Resources</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Global Breastfeeding Scorecard</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-NMH-NHD-19.22</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>WBTi</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>http://worldbreastfeedingtrends.org/</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1/13</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="slide-1">Session 1.</h2>
<p>BFHI:  A key component of quality maternal and newborn care</p>
<p>1/1</p>
<p>© WHO/ Yoshi  Shimizu</p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.jpg" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="87293" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cd92ff4fbfde3a068d441b1540b47891e179e189" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="180218207d5f1422c5af8a83453181ac332e6cfc" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-2">Session 1. Objectives  BFHI: A key component of quality maternal and newborn care</h2>
<p>After completing this session, participants will be able to:</p>
<ul>
<li>describe the importance of exclusive and continued breastfeeding;</li>
<li>discuss the  WHO/UNICEF Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding; </li>
<li>outline the  Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI);</li>
<li>list the  Ten steps to successful breastfeeding (ten Steps);</li>
<li>outline how this course improves capacity building.</li>
</ul>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p>1/2</p>
<h2 id="slide-3">Exclusive and continued breastfeeding</h2>
<p>Left: © UNICEF/UN041252/ Pirozzi</p>
<p>1/3</p>
<p>Right top: © UNICEF/UN0281006/ Vishwanathan</p>
<p>Right Bottom: © UNICEF/UN0321734/ Mejía</p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image3.jpg" title="Picture 4" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="15573" data-pandoc-media-sha1="d4ec37f52186f3cb056e9ead8acbebdc1c381d9d" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image3.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="ff5124d9b23777f2669d8da01e2f3e6ecaf35777" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image4.jpg" title="Picture 13" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="58610" data-pandoc-media-sha1="3dc80d11ac2826084cb80b152a576bda0942b309" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image4.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="fc496e647f235c1ec3ae01e4c31be5d544d8532a" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image5.jpg" title="Picture 15" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="55871" data-pandoc-media-sha1="b120fb4380546ddbe780c71b32dea5bac5a9f6aa" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image5.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="0c6d45a422b5afa9ec822004425c45874ea335b9" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-4">To enable mothers/parents/caregivers to establish and sustain exclusive breastfeeding for  six  months, WHO and UNICEF recommend:</h2>
<p>immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact from birth and initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour of life;  </p>
<p>exclusive breastfeeding – the infant only receives breast milk, and no other foods or fluids;</p>
<p>breastfeeding  responsively  – that is, as early and often, and as long as the baby wants, day and night;</p>
<p>counselling mothers on the  risks and   use of feeding bottles, teats or pacifiers.</p>
<p></p>
<p>1/4</p>
<h2 id="slide-5">Goal of Global Strategy</h2>
<ul>
<li>Improve the nutritional status, growth and development, health, and survival of infants and young children through optimal feeding practices.</li>
<li>Support exclusive breastfeeding for six months, followed by timely, adequate, safe, and appropriate complementary feeding. </li>
<li>Breastfeeding should continue for up to two years and beyond.</li>
<li>Support maternal nutrition through social and community support initiatives. </li>
</ul>
<p></p>
<p>1/5</p>
<h2 id="slide-6">Ten Steps to successful breastfeeding:  Critical management procedures</h2>
<p>1a.	Comply fully with the International Code of 	Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and 	relevant World Health Assembly 	Resolutions.</p>
<p>1b.	Have a written infant feeding policy that is 	routinely communicated to staff and parents.</p>
<p>1c. 	Establish ongoing monitoring and data-	management systems.</p>
<p>2. 	Ensure that staff have sufficient knowledge, 	competence and skills to support breastfeeding.</p>
<p></p>
<p>1/6</p>
<h2 id="slide-7">Ten steps to successful breastfeeding: key clinical practices</h2>
<p>3.	Discuss the importance and management of 	breastfeeding with pregnant women and their 	families. </p>
<p>4.	Facilitate immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-	skin contact and support mothers to initiate 	breastfeeding as soon as possible after birth.</p>
<p>5.	Support mothers to initiate and maintain 	breastfeeding and manage common difficulties. </p>
<p>6.	Do not provide breastfed newborns any food or 	fluids other than breast milk, unless medically 	indicated. </p>
<p></p>
<p>1/7</p>
<h2 id="slide-8">Ten steps to successful breastfeeding: key clinical practices</h2>
<p>7.	 Enable mothers and their infants to remain 	together, and to practice rooming-in 24 	hours per day.</p>
<p>8. 	Support mothers to recognize and respond to 	their infants’ cues for feeding.</p>
<p>9. 	Counsel mothers on the use and risks of 	feeding bottles, teats and pacifiers. </p>
<p>10.     Coordinate discharge so that parents and their 	infants have timely access to ongoing 	support 	and care.</p>
<p></p>
<p>1/8</p>
<h2 id="slide-9">BFHI Maternity Staff Course: Structure and expectations</h2>
<p>Structure</p>
<p>22 hours</p>
<p>3 days</p>
<p>Lecture, hands-on practice Clinical sessions</p>
<p>Expectations</p>
<p>Knowledge + Practice</p>
<p>Interaction</p>
<p>Problem-solving</p>
<p>1/9</p>
<p>© WHO/ Yoshi  Shimizu</p>
<p><img src="media/ppt/media/image2.jpg" title="Picture 7" data-pandoc-media-source="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-original-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-target="media/ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-bytes="87293" data-pandoc-media-sha1="cd92ff4fbfde3a068d441b1540b47891e179e189" data-pandoc-media-source-path="ppt/media/image2.jpg" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="180218207d5f1422c5af8a83453181ac332e6cfc" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="safe-relative-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="image/jpeg" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="declared-mime-matches-path" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-10">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<p>Global Breastfeeding Scorecard</p>
<p>Please find your country’s information</p>
<p>https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-NMH-NHD-19.22</p>
<p>Discussion questions</p>
<p>What did you learn about your own country’s situation?</p>
<p>How does this reflect your local context?</p>
<p>What are areas of success?</p>
<p>What are areas of improvement?</p>
<p>1/10</p>
<h2 id="slide-11">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<p></p>
<p>Breastfeeding rates</p>
<p>Early initiation in &lt; 1 hour</p>
<p>Exclusive: 0-6 months</p>
<p>Continued at 1 year</p>
<p>Continued at 2 years</p>
<p></p>
<p>1/11</p>
<h2 id="slide-12">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<p>Enabling environment and reporting: </p>
<p>Please include information from the listed topics on the Breastfeeding Scorecard for your country.</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p>1/12</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Topic</th><th>Your country’s data</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Donor funding per live birth (USD)</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Legal status of the Code</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Compliance with C183 and R191</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>% births in Baby Friendly Hospitals and Maternity Centres</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>% Primary health care facilities with individual IYCF counselling</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>% districts implementing community programs</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Most recent Exclusive BF report</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Most recent  WBTi  Breastfeeding program assessment</td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="slide-13">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<p>Resources</p>
<p>Global Breastfeeding Scorecard</p>
<p>https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-NMH-NHD-19.22</p>
<p></p>
<p>WBTi</p>
<p>http://worldbreastfeedingtrends.org/</p>
<p>1/13</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="slide-1">Session 1.</h2>
<p>BFHI:  A key component of quality maternal and newborn care</p>
<p>1/1</p>
<p>© WHO/ Yoshi  Shimizu</p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.jpg" title="Picture 7" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-2">Session 1. Objectives  BFHI: A key component of quality
maternal and newborn care</h2>
<p>After completing this session, participants will be able to:</p>
<ul>
<li>describe the importance of exclusive and continued
breastfeeding;</li>
<li>discuss the  WHO/UNICEF Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child
Feeding; </li>
<li>outline the  Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI);</li>
<li>list the  Ten steps to successful breastfeeding (ten Steps);</li>
<li>outline how this course improves capacity building.</li>
</ul>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p>1/2</p>
<h2 id="slide-3">Exclusive and continued breastfeeding</h2>
<p>Left: © UNICEF/UN041252/ Pirozzi</p>
<p>1/3</p>
<p>Right top: © UNICEF/UN0281006/ Vishwanathan</p>
<p>Right Bottom: © UNICEF/UN0321734/ Mejía</p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image3.jpg" title="Picture 4" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image4.jpg" title="Picture 13" /></p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image5.jpg" title="Picture 15" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-4">To enable mothers/parents/caregivers to establish and
sustain exclusive breastfeeding for  six  months, WHO and UNICEF
recommend:</h2>
<p>immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact from birth and
initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour of life;  </p>
<p>exclusive breastfeeding – the infant only receives breast milk, and
no other foods or fluids;</p>
<p>breastfeeding  responsively  – that is, as early and often, and as
long as the baby wants, day and night;</p>
<p>counselling mothers on the  risks and   use of feeding bottles, teats
or pacifiers.</p>
<p></p>
<p>1/4</p>
<h2 id="slide-5">Goal of Global Strategy</h2>
<ul>
<li>Improve the nutritional status, growth and development, health, and
survival of infants and young children through optimal feeding
practices.</li>
<li>Support exclusive breastfeeding for six months, followed by timely,
adequate, safe, and appropriate complementary feeding. </li>
<li>Breastfeeding should continue for up to two years and beyond.</li>
<li>Support maternal nutrition through social and community support
initiatives. </li>
</ul>
<p></p>
<p>1/5</p>
<h2 id="slide-6">Ten Steps to successful breastfeeding:  Critical
management procedures</h2>
<p>1a.	Comply fully with the International Code of 	Marketing of
Breast-milk Substitutes and 	relevant World Health Assembly
	Resolutions.</p>
<p>1b.	Have a written infant feeding policy that is 	routinely
communicated to staff and parents.</p>
<p>1c. 	Establish ongoing monitoring and data-	management systems.</p>
<p>2. 	Ensure that staff have sufficient knowledge, 	competence and skills
to support breastfeeding.</p>
<p></p>
<p>1/6</p>
<h2 id="slide-7">Ten steps to successful breastfeeding: key clinical
practices</h2>
<p>3.	Discuss the importance and management of 	breastfeeding with
pregnant women and their 	families. </p>
<p>4.	Facilitate immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-	skin contact and
support mothers to initiate 	breastfeeding as soon as possible after
birth.</p>
<p>5.	Support mothers to initiate and maintain 	breastfeeding and manage
common difficulties. </p>
<p>6.	Do not provide breastfed newborns any food or 	fluids other than
breast milk, unless medically 	indicated. </p>
<p></p>
<p>1/7</p>
<h2 id="slide-8">Ten steps to successful breastfeeding: key clinical
practices</h2>
<p>7.	 Enable mothers and their infants to remain 	together, and to
practice rooming-in 24 	hours per day.</p>
<p>8. 	Support mothers to recognize and respond to 	their infants’ cues
for feeding.</p>
<p>9. 	Counsel mothers on the use and risks of 	feeding bottles, teats and
pacifiers. </p>
<p>10.     Coordinate discharge so that parents and their 	infants have
timely access to ongoing 	support 	and care.</p>
<p></p>
<p>1/8</p>
<h2 id="slide-9">BFHI Maternity Staff Course: Structure and
expectations</h2>
<p>Structure</p>
<p>22 hours</p>
<p>3 days</p>
<p>Lecture, hands-on practice Clinical sessions</p>
<p>Expectations</p>
<p>Knowledge + Practice</p>
<p>Interaction</p>
<p>Problem-solving</p>
<p>1/9</p>
<p>© WHO/ Yoshi  Shimizu</p>
<p><img src="ppt/media/image2.jpg" title="Picture 7" /></p>
<h2 id="slide-10">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<p>Global Breastfeeding Scorecard</p>
<p>Please find your country’s information</p>
<p>https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-NMH-NHD-19.22</p>
<p>Discussion questions</p>
<p>What did you learn about your own country’s situation?</p>
<p>How does this reflect your local context?</p>
<p>What are areas of success?</p>
<p>What are areas of improvement?</p>
<p>1/10</p>
<h2 id="slide-11">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<p></p>
<p>Breastfeeding rates</p>
<p>Early initiation in &lt; 1 hour</p>
<p>Exclusive: 0-6 months</p>
<p>Continued at 1 year</p>
<p>Continued at 2 years</p>
<p></p>
<p>1/11</p>
<h2 id="slide-12">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<p>Enabling environment and reporting: </p>
<p>Please include information from the listed topics on the
Breastfeeding Scorecard for your country.</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>
<p>1/12</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Topic</th>
<th>Your country’s data</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Donor funding per live birth (USD)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Legal status of the Code</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compliance with C183 and R191</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>% births in Baby Friendly Hospitals and Maternity Centres</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>% Primary health care facilities with individual IYCF
counselling</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>% districts implementing community programs</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Most recent Exclusive BF report</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Most recent  WBTi  Breastfeeding program assessment</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="slide-13">Let’s discuss: Your local and national context</h2>
<p>Resources</p>
<p>Global Breastfeeding Scorecard</p>
<p>https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-NMH-NHD-19.22</p>
<p></p>
<p>WBTi</p>
<p>http://worldbreastfeedingtrends.org/</p>
<p>1/13</p>
</body></html>
PPTX reader implementation-equivalence gate covers 109/109 checked-in PPTX/native pairs. The OpenXML reader maps upstream-style root officeDocument discovery, presentation and slide relationships, slide order, visible shapes, DrawingML text, tables, images, SmartArt, charts, speaker-note/comment review metadata, and grouped drawable descendants into the shared AST.

ris

2 samples

RIS book record

89 bytes | Inline RIS record for a real published book.

TY  - BOOK
AU  - Knuth, Donald E.
TI  - The TeXbook
PY  - 1984
PB  - Addison-Wesley
ER  -

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WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Knuth 1984</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Knuth, Donald E. The TeXbook. Addison-Wesley, 1984.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><dl>
<dt>Knuth 1984</dt>
<dd>
<p>Knuth, Donald E. The TeXbook. Addison-Wesley, 1984.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc Citeproc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent"
role="list">
<div id="ref-Knuth_1984" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Knuth, Donald E. 1984. <em>The TeXbook</em>. Addison-Wesley.
</div>
</div>
</body></html>
Bibliography reader parses bounded RIS records into CSL item metadata with type aliases, field provenance, attachments, user fields, and custom diagnostics. Full Pandoc RIS reader parity remains open.

RIS website record

102 bytes | Inline RIS record assembled from real WordPress project metadata.

TY  - ELEC
AU  - WordPress Contributors
TI  - WordPress
PY  - 2026
UR  - https://wordpress.org/
ER  -

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list pandoc-csl-bibliography">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>WordPress Contributors 2026</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>WordPress Contributors. WordPress. 2026. https://wordpress.org/.</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><dl>
<dt>WordPress Contributors 2026</dt>
<dd>
<p>WordPress Contributors. WordPress. 2026. https://wordpress.org/.</p>
</dd>
</dl></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc Citeproc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent"
role="list">
<div id="ref-WordPress_2026" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Contributors, WordPress. 2026. <em>WordPress</em>. <a
href="https://wordpress.org/">https://wordpress.org/</a>.
</div>
</div>
</body></html>
Bibliography reader parses bounded RIS records into CSL item metadata with type aliases, field provenance, attachments, user fields, and custom diagnostics. Full Pandoc RIS reader parity remains open.

rst

1 sample

reStructuredText import packet

620 bytes | Feature-rich reStructuredText input with inlines, bullet and ordered lists, field lists, an embedded image, a CSV table directive, and a code directive.

reStructuredText import packet
==============================

Intro with *emphasis*, **strong text**, ``literal code``, and `a link <https://example.org>`_.

- First source note
- Second source note

1. Convert the document
2. Review the block markup

:Owner: Content operations
:Status: Ready

.. image:: data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mP8/x8AAusB9Y9JJR0AAAAASUVORK5CYII=
   :alt: Hosted RST diagram
   :width: 240px

.. csv-table:: Format coverage
   :header: "Format", "Output"

   "RST", "WordPress blocks"
   "HTML", "Rendered page"

.. code:: php

   echo "import";

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>reStructuredText import packet</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Intro with <em>emphasis</em>, <strong>strong text</strong>, <code>literal code</code>, and <a href="https://example.org">a link</a>.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>First source note</li><li>Second source note</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:list {"ordered":true} -->
<ol><li>Convert the document</li><li>Review the block markup</li></ol>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:group -->
<div class="wp-block-group pandoc-definition-list">
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Owner</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Content operations</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p class="pandoc-definition-term"><strong>Status</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul class="pandoc-definition-values"><li>Ready</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
</div>
<!-- /wp:group -->

<!-- wp:image -->
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="media/bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" alt="Hosted RST diagram" data-pandoc-width="240px" style="width:240px" data-pandoc-media-source="data-uri:sha1:bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="data-uri:sha1:bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-original-path="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-path="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="68" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="data-uri" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="data-uri-hash-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="application/octet-stream" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="data-uri-mime"/></figure>
<!-- /wp:image -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Format</th><th>Output</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>RST</td><td>WordPress blocks</td></tr><tr><td>HTML</td><td>Rendered page</td></tr></tbody></table><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Format coverage</figcaption></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:code {"language":"php"} -->
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code class="language-php">echo &quot;import&quot;;</code></pre>
<!-- /wp:code -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>reStructuredText import packet</h1>
<p>Intro with <em>emphasis</em>, <strong>strong text</strong>, <code>literal code</code>, and <a href="https://example.org">a link</a>.</p>
<ul>
<li>First source note</li>
<li>Second source note</li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>Convert the document</li>
<li>Review the block markup</li>
</ol>
<dl>
<dt>Owner</dt>
<dd>
<p>Content operations</p>
</dd>
<dt>Status</dt>
<dd>
<p>Ready</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p><img src="media/bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" alt="Hosted RST diagram" width="240px" data-pandoc-media-source="data-uri:sha1:bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-canonical-source="data-uri:sha1:bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-original-path="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-path="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-target="media/bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e.png" data-pandoc-media-type="image/png" data-pandoc-media-bytes="68" data-pandoc-media-sha1="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-source-path="data-uri" data-pandoc-media-source-sha1="bac187a7c86d691ecc6d34841319cd3d2649f08e" data-pandoc-media-path-repaired="false" data-pandoc-media-path-repair="data-uri-hash-path" data-pandoc-media-mime-source="declared" data-pandoc-media-inferred-type="application/octet-stream" data-pandoc-media-mime-repair="data-uri-mime" /></p>
<table>
<caption>Format coverage</caption>
<thead>
<tr><th>Format</th><th>Output</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>RST</td><td>WordPress blocks</td></tr>
<tr><td>HTML</td><td>Rendered page</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<pre class="php"><code>echo &quot;import&quot;;</code></pre></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1 id="restructuredtext-import-packet">reStructuredText import
packet</h1>
<p>Intro with <em>emphasis</em>, <strong>strong text</strong>,
<code>literal code</code>, and <a href="https://example.org">a
link</a>.</p>
<ul>
<li>First source note</li>
<li>Second source note</li>
</ul>
<ol type="1">
<li>Convert the document</li>
<li>Review the block markup</li>
</ol>
<dl>
<dt>Owner</dt>
<dd>
Content operations
</dd>
<dt>Status</dt>
<dd>
Ready
</dd>
</dl>
<p><img
src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mP8/x8AAusB9Y9JJR0AAAAASUVORK5CYII="
width="240" alt="Hosted RST diagram" /></p>
<table>
<caption>Format coverage</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Format</th>
<th>Output</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>RST</td>
<td>WordPress blocks</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HTML</td>
<td>Rendered page</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre
class="sourceCode php"><code class="sourceCode php"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">echo</span> <span class="st">&quot;import&quot;</span><span class="ot">;</span></span></code></pre></div>
</body></html>
Bounded reStructuredText reader maps section titles, paragraphs, emphasis/strong/literal/link inlines, bullet and enumerated lists, field and definition lists, block quotes, literal/code blocks, image directives, and csv-table directives into the shared AST. Full Pandoc RST directive, role, substitution, table, citation, and option parity remains open.

rtf

3 samples

Pandoc default RTF template

645 bytes | jgm/pandoc upstream fixture at data/templates/default.rtf

{\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0 \fswiss Helvetica;}{\f1 \fmodern Courier;}}
{\colortbl;\red255\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;}
$if(listtable)$
$listtable$
$endif$
\widowctrl\hyphauto
$for(header-includes)$
$header-includes$
$endfor$

$if(title)$
{\pard \qc \f0 \sa180 \li0 \fi0 \b \fs36 $title$\par}
$endif$
$for(author)$
{\pard \qc \f0 \sa180 \li0 \fi0  $author$\par}
$endfor$
$if(date)$
{\pard \qc \f0 \sa180 \li0 \fi0  $date$\par}
$endif$
$if(spacer)$
{\pard \ql \f0 \sa180 \li0 \fi0 \par}
$endif$
$if(toc)$
$table-of-contents$
$endif$
$for(include-before)$
$include-before$
$endfor$
$body$
$for(include-after)$
$include-after$
$endfor$
}

Download original file

Real RTF template from Pandoc project data.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>$if(listtable)$$listtable$$endif$$for(header-includes)$$header-includes$$endfor$$if(title)$</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p><strong>$title$</strong></p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>$endif$$for(author)$</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> $author$</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>$endfor$$if(date)$</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p> $date$</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>$endif$$if(spacer)$</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>$endif$$if(toc)$$table-of-contents$$endif$$for(include-before)$$include-before$$endfor$$body$$for(include-after)$$include-after$$endfor$</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>$if(listtable)$$listtable$$endif$$for(header-includes)$$header-includes$$endfor$$if(title)$</p>
<p><strong>$title$</strong></p>
<p>$endif$$for(author)$</p>
<p> $author$</p>
<p>$endfor$$if(date)$</p>
<p> $date$</p>
<p>$endif$$if(spacer)$</p>
<p>$endif$$if(toc)$$table-of-contents$$endif$$for(include-before)$$include-before$$endfor$$body$$for(include-after)$$include-after$$endfor$</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>$if(listtable)$$listtable$$endif$$for(header-includes)$$header-includes$$endfor$$if(title)$</p>
<p><strong>$title$</strong></p>
<p>$endif$$for(author)$</p>
<p>$author$</p>
<p>$endfor$$if(date)$</p>
<p>$date$</p>
<p>$endif$$if(spacer)$</p>
<p>$endif$$if(toc)$$table-of-contents$$endif$$for(include-before)$$include-before$$endfor$$body$$for(include-after)$$include-after$$endfor$</p>
</body></html>
Bounded RTF reader maps paragraphs, escaped characters, unicode fallbacks, tabs, and core inline styles into the shared AST. Full RTF control-word, destination, table, image, and metadata parity remains open.

Simple RTF document

108 bytes | Inline RTF document sample.

{\rtf1\ansi\deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0 Arial;}}\f0\fs24 RTF migration sample\par This is a second RTF input.\par}

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Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>RTF migration sample</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>This is a second RTF input.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>RTF migration sample</p>
<p>This is a second RTF input.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>RTF migration sample</p>
<p>This is a second RTF input.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded RTF reader maps paragraphs, escaped characters, unicode fallbacks, tabs, and core inline styles into the shared AST. Full RTF control-word, destination, table, image, and metadata parity remains open.

Meeting notes RTF document

226 bytes | Inline RTF meeting notes modeled on a normal office document.

{\rtf1\ansi\deff0 {\fonttbl {\f0 Arial;}}\f0\fs28 Meeting notes\par\fs24 Decisions\par 1. Publish the updated import guide.\par 2. Review converted tables before launch.\par Follow-up owners will report status next week.\par}

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Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Meeting notes</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Decisions</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>1. Publish the updated import guide.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>2. Review converted tables before launch.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Follow-up owners will report status next week.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>Meeting notes</p>
<p>Decisions</p>
<p>1. Publish the updated import guide.</p>
<p>2. Review converted tables before launch.</p>
<p>Follow-up owners will report status next week.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><p>Meeting notes</p>
<p>Decisions</p>
<p>1. Publish the updated import guide.</p>
<p>2. Review converted tables before launch.</p>
<p>Follow-up owners will report status next week.</p>
</body></html>
Bounded RTF reader maps paragraphs, escaped characters, unicode fallbacks, tabs, and core inline styles into the shared AST. Full RTF control-word, destination, table, image, and metadata parity remains open.

tsv

2 samples

Format status TSV

84 bytes | Inline tabular inventory data for this showcase.

name	format	status
Document	DOCX	partial
Notebook	IPYNB	partial
Slides	PPTX	partial

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>name</th><th>format</th><th>status</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Document</td><td>DOCX</td><td>partial</td></tr><tr><td>Notebook</td><td>IPYNB</td><td>partial</td></tr><tr><td>Slides</td><td>PPTX</td><td>partial</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr><th>name</th><th>format</th><th>status</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Document</td><td>DOCX</td><td>partial</td></tr>
<tr><td>Notebook</td><td>IPYNB</td><td>partial</td></tr>
<tr><td>Slides</td><td>PPTX</td><td>partial</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>name</th>
<th>format</th>
<th>status</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Document</td>
<td>DOCX</td>
<td>partial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Notebook</td>
<td>IPYNB</td>
<td>partial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Slides</td>
<td>PPTX</td>
<td>partial</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
Delimited text reader maps TSV rows into the shared table AST with Pandoc-compatible tab delimiter, literal quote handling, post-delimiter space skipping, trailing empty field, ragged row, repair, control-character, and provenance diagnostics.

Source status TSV

74 bytes | Inline tab-separated source inventory.

source	kind	rows
Pandoc upstream	fixtures	many
port-libs	fixtures	several

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>source</th><th>kind</th><th>rows</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Pandoc upstream</td><td>fixtures</td><td>many</td></tr><tr><td>port-libs</td><td>fixtures</td><td>several</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr><th>source</th><th>kind</th><th>rows</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Pandoc upstream</td><td>fixtures</td><td>many</td></tr>
<tr><td>port-libs</td><td>fixtures</td><td>several</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>source</th>
<th>kind</th>
<th>rows</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Pandoc upstream</td>
<td>fixtures</td>
<td>many</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>port-libs</td>
<td>fixtures</td>
<td>several</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
Delimited text reader maps TSV rows into the shared table AST with Pandoc-compatible tab delimiter, literal quote handling, post-delimiter space skipping, trailing empty field, ragged row, repair, control-character, and provenance diagnostics.

xlsx

3 samples

No local thumbnail is available for this binary or packaged file.

Download original file

Spreadsheet fixture from upstream Pandoc tests.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="sheet-1">Main</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><strong>Person</strong></th><th><strong>Age</strong></th><th><strong>Location</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Anton Antich</td><td>23.0</td><td>Switzerland</td></tr><tr><td>James Bond</td><td>35.0</td><td>Moscow</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Just a random cell</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="sheet-2">Secondary</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th>Sum of Age</th><th>Column Labels</th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Row Labels</td><td>Moscow</td><td>Switzerland</td><td>(blank)</td><td>Grand Total</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Anton Antich</td><td></td><td>23.0</td><td></td><td>23.0</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">James Bond</td><td>35.0</td><td></td><td></td><td>35.0</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">(blank)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Grand Total</td><td>35.0</td><td>23.0</td><td></td><td>58.0</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="sheet-1">Main</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><strong>Person</strong></th><th><strong>Age</strong></th><th><strong>Location</strong></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Anton Antich</td><td>23.0</td><td>Switzerland</td></tr>
<tr><td>James Bond</td><td>35.0</td><td>Moscow</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Just a random cell</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-2">Secondary</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Sum of Age</th><th>Column Labels</th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Row Labels</td><td>Moscow</td><td>Switzerland</td><td>(blank)</td><td>Grand Total</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Anton Antich</td><td></td><td>23.0</td><td></td><td>23.0</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">James Bond</td><td>35.0</td><td></td><td></td><td>35.0</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">(blank)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Grand Total</td><td>35.0</td><td>23.0</td><td></td><td>58.0</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="sheet-1">Main</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><strong>Person</strong></th>
<th><strong>Age</strong></th>
<th><strong>Location</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Anton Antich</td>
<td>23.0</td>
<td>Switzerland</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>James Bond</td>
<td>35.0</td>
<td>Moscow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Just a random cell</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-2">Secondary</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Sum of Age</th>
<th>Column Labels</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Row Labels</td>
<td>Moscow</td>
<td>Switzerland</td>
<td>(blank)</td>
<td>Grand Total</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Anton Antich</td>
<td></td>
<td>23.0</td>
<td></td>
<td>23.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>James Bond</td>
<td>35.0</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>35.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>(blank)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Grand Total</td>
<td>35.0</td>
<td>23.0</td>
<td></td>
<td>58.0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
Bounded XLSX OpenXML package reader maps workbook sheets, shared strings, direct font bold/italic style indexes, dense sheet grids, first-row table headers, numeric cells, empty cells, and trailing empty-row trimming into the shared AST with pinned upstream xlsx-reader/basic fixture parity.

Conditional Access blueprint workbook

19666 bytes | jasperbaes/jasperbaes.github.io ConditionalAccessBlueprint-Template.xlsx

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Small public workbook from a GitHub Pages repository, used as a second real-world XLSX input.

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":2} -->
<h2 id="sheet-1">Sheet1</h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:table -->
<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Conditional Access Blueprint</strong></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #1</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #2</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #3</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #4</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #5</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #6</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #7</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #8</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #9</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #10</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><strong>!! THIS IS AN EXAMPLE !!</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>All users</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>General users</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>Service Accounts</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>ADM users</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>DEV users</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>...</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>...</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>...</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>...</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>...</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>It is possible for this persona to...</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td>Create below CA policies as needed. Then include or exclude personas</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block full access</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Full block</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require MFA</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require MFA</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require phishing-resistant MFA</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require phishing-resistant MFA</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require a compliant device</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require compliant device</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require device state</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require phishing-resistant MFA with Authentication context</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps: Require phishing-resistant MFA with Authentication Context</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block devices without &#039;Corporate&#039; Intune ownership</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require corporate owned devices</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block other device IDs</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Allow deviceID for AD Sync accounts</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block unknow/other Operating Systems</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td>Block every OS except Windows</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td>Block every OS except Windows</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block unknown Operating Systems</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block based on device Extension Attribute</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td>Device Attribute &#039;XXX&#039;</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block all devices except Extension Attribute ‘MeetingRoomDevices’</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block based on device properties </strong><strong>(device name, manufacturer, model, ...)</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Only allow manufacturer X</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block Old Operating Systems versions</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td>Block below version 10.0</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block old Windows versions</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block mobile Operating Systems (Android and iOS)</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps: Block Android and iOS</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require App Protection Policy</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require App Protection Policies (Android + iOS)</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block non-trusted IP (ranges)</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require trusted IP</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block other countries</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Allow USA and Europe</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block access to other applications</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – O365 : Allow access</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Sign-in Frequency</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Sign-in frequency 2 weeks</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Token Protection (preview)</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td>Scoped on O365</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – O365 : Require Token Protection</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block access from desktop apps</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – O365 : Block desktop app</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Apply Conditional Access App Control</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : CA App Controls</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block legacy authentication clients</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block legacy authentication</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block &#039;Device code&#039; authentication flow</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block device code authentication</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Take action on identity risk</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block for All Users when high sign-in risk</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require additional controls</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require addidional control</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Restrict MFA registration (via TAP, exclude location / device)</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps: Require trusted location on MFA registration</td></tr><tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require MFA when users join or register</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require MFA on device join</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="text-align:left"><strong> YES</strong> : action applicable to persona</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="text-align:left"><strong> NO</strong>  : action not applicable to persona</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="text-align:left"><strong> ?</strong>      : TBD</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Next steps:</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="6" style="text-align:left">Now group these personas in Conditional Access policies based on their common actions. Then, add the personas to the policy. No need to create a seperate policy for each persona.</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<!-- /wp:table -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="sheet-1">Sheet1</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Conditional Access Blueprint</strong></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #1</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #2</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #3</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #4</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #5</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #6</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #7</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #8</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #9</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>persona #10</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>!! THIS IS AN EXAMPLE !!</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>All users</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>General users</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>Service Accounts</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>ADM users</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>DEV users</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>...</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>...</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>...</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>...</strong></td><td></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center"><strong>...</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>It is possible for this persona to...</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td>Create below CA policies as needed. Then include or exclude personas</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block full access</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Full block</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require MFA</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require MFA</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require phishing-resistant MFA</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require phishing-resistant MFA</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require a compliant device</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require compliant device</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require device state</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require phishing-resistant MFA with Authentication context</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps: Require phishing-resistant MFA with Authentication Context</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block devices without &#039;Corporate&#039; Intune ownership</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require corporate owned devices</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block other device IDs</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Allow deviceID for AD Sync accounts</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block unknow/other Operating Systems</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td>Block every OS except Windows</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td>Block every OS except Windows</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block unknown Operating Systems</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block based on device Extension Attribute</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td>Device Attribute &#039;XXX&#039;</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block all devices except Extension Attribute ‘MeetingRoomDevices’</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block based on device properties </strong><strong>(device name, manufacturer, model, ...)</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Only allow manufacturer X</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block Old Operating Systems versions</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td>Block below version 10.0</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block old Windows versions</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block mobile Operating Systems (Android and iOS)</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps: Block Android and iOS</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require App Protection Policy</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require App Protection Policies (Android + iOS)</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block non-trusted IP (ranges)</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require trusted IP</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block other countries</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Allow USA and Europe</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block access to other applications</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – O365 : Allow access</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Sign-in Frequency</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Sign-in frequency 2 weeks</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Token Protection (preview)</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td>Scoped on O365</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – O365 : Require Token Protection</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block access from desktop apps</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – O365 : Block desktop app</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Apply Conditional Access App Control</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : CA App Controls</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block legacy authentication clients</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block legacy authentication</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>❌</strong><strong> Block &#039;Device code&#039; authentication flow</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block device code authentication</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Take action on identity risk</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Block for All Users when high sign-in risk</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require additional controls</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>NO</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require addidional control</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Restrict MFA registration (via TAP, exclude location / device)</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps: Require trusted location on MFA registration</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong><strong>✔️</strong><strong> Require MFA when users join or register</strong></strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>YES</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"><strong>?</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>CA – All Apps : Require MFA on device join</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3" style="text-align:left"><strong> YES</strong> : action applicable to persona</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3" style="text-align:left"><strong> NO</strong>  : action not applicable to persona</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3" style="text-align:left"><strong> ?</strong>      : TBD</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Next steps:</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="6" style="text-align:left">Now group these personas in Conditional Access policies based on their common actions. Then, add the personas to the policy. No need to create a seperate policy for each persona.</td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td style="text-align:center"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="sheet-1">Sheet1</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Conditional Access Blueprint</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
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<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>persona #1</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>persona #2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>persona #3</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>persona #4</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>persona #5</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>persona #6</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>persona #7</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>persona #8</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>persona #9</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>persona #10</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>!! THIS IS AN EXAMPLE !!</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>All users</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>General users</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Service Accounts</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>ADM users</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>DEV users</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>...</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>...</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>...</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>...</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>...</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>It is possible for this persona to...</td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>Create below CA policies as needed. Then include or exclude
personas</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block full access</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>CA – All Apps : Full block</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Require MFA</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Require MFA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Require phishing-resistant MFA</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Require phishing-resistant MFA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Require a compliant device</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Require compliant device</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Require device state</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Require phishing-resistant MFA with Authentication
context</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps: Require phishing-resistant MFA with Authentication
Context</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block devices without 'Corporate' Intune
ownership</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Require corporate owned devices</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block other device IDs</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Allow deviceID for AD Sync accounts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block unknow/other Operating Systems</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong>Block every OS except Windows</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong>Block every OS except Windows</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Block unknown Operating Systems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block based on device Extension Attribute</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong>Device Attribute 'XXX'</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Block all devices except Extension Attribute
‘MeetingRoomDevices’</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block based on device properties (device name,
manufacturer, model, ...)</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Only allow manufacturer X</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block Old Operating Systems versions</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong>Block below version 10.0</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Block old Windows versions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block mobile Operating Systems (Android and
iOS)</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps: Block Android and iOS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Require App Protection Policy</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Require App Protection Policies (Android + iOS)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block non-trusted IP (ranges)</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Require trusted IP</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block other countries</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Allow USA and Europe</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block access to other applications</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – O365 : Allow access</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Sign-in Frequency</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Sign-in frequency 2 weeks</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Token Protection (preview)</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong>Scoped on O365</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – O365 : Require Token Protection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block access from desktop apps</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – O365 : Block desktop app</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Apply Conditional Access App Control</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : CA App Controls</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block legacy authentication clients</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Block legacy authentication</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>❌ Block 'Device code' authentication flow</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Block device code authentication</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Take action on identity risk</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Block for All Users when high sign-in risk</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Require additional controls</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>NO</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Require addidional control</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Restrict MFA registration (via TAP, exclude location /
device)</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps: Require trusted location on MFA registration</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>✔️ Require MFA when users join or register</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>YES</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>?</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>CA – All Apps : Require MFA on device join</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td> YES : action applicable to persona</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td> NO : action not applicable to persona</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td> ? : TBD</td>
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<td><strong></strong></td>
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<td><strong></strong></td>
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<td><strong>Next steps:</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
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<td>Now group these personas in Conditional Access policies based on
their common actions. Then, add the personas to the policy. No need to
create a seperate policy for each persona.</td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong></strong></td>
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</body></html>
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Census tax parameter workbook

382962 bytes | U.S. Census Bureau Federal and State Tax Parameter Workbook TY2023

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Real Census Bureau workbook with 102 worksheets of federal and state tax parameters.

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<h2 id="sheet-1">State Policies</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="13" style="text-align:left"><strong>State Income Tax Policies in 2023</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td colspan="7" style="text-align:center"><u><strong>Conformity with Federal Tax Changes<strong> </strong><strong>1</strong></strong></u></td><td colspan="3" style="text-align:center"><u><strong>Presence of State Credits</strong></u></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>State</strong></u></td><td><strong>Must itemize if itemized on federal return?</strong></td><td><strong>Repeal of Deduction of Theft Losses and Casualty Losses (other than for national disasters)</strong></td><td><strong>Repeal of Deduction of Misc Expenses</strong></td><td><strong>State and Local Tax (SALT) Deduction Cap ($10,000)</strong></td><td><strong>Charity Limit in 2020 ($300 for non-itemizers; limit at 100% of AGI)</strong></td><td><strong>Charity Limit in 2021 ($600 for non-itemizers; limit at 100% of AGI)</strong></td><td><strong>Charity Limit in 2022 and 2023 (return to 60% of AGI for itemizers)</strong></td><td><strong>UI Exclusion from Income</strong></td><td><strong>Child Tax Credit (CTC)</strong></td><td><strong>Child and Dependent Care Credit</strong></td><td><strong>Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)</strong></td><td><strong>Aspects of State Income Tax Not Currently Captured</strong></td></tr><tr><td>Federal</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Charitable contribution limitation remains at 100% of AGI, plus $300 limit for non-itemizers.</td><td>Charitable contribution limitation remains at 100% of AGI, plus $600 limit for non-itemizers.</td><td>Charitable contribution returns to 60% of AGI for itemizers.</td><td>Removed for 2021</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Standard deduction of $300/$600 in charitable contribution not implemented. Charity is imputed from IRS SOI, and it only exists for itemizing households in SOI.
Individual Mandate not tracked; cannot accurate capture health insurance status/exemption.
OASDI tax deferral not tracked, since it&#039;s paid in following year
Non-taxable loans from retirement plans
For states that use same filing status as federal returns, we currently determine deduction type using federal status; should implement code to take standard or itemized deductions by sum of federal and state deductions.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>States</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Alabama</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Alaska</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr><tr><td>Arizona</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Unable to capture credits for various contributions, non-dependent exemptions. Not tracking reduced AZ charitable contributions since not tracking federal</td></tr><tr><td>Arkansas</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td>credit for dependents with developmental disabilities</td></tr><tr><td>California</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps in health insurance.</td></tr><tr><td>Colorado</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Connecticut</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Delaware</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DC</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Homeowner and Renter property tax credit could be added if we have rent data. Does not model ELC, since &quot;child development facility&quot; expenses cannot be captured. Does not capture non-custodial parent EITC. We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps in health insurance.</td></tr><tr><td>Florida</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr><tr><td>Georgia</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hawaii</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Can&#039;t identify people in military reserve for deduction.</td></tr><tr><td>Idaho</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>n/a</td><td>First-time home buyer deduction is significant but cannot be captured from ASEC</td></tr><tr><td>Illinois</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Indiana</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Partial UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Currently not tracking AGI limits for Indiana EIC as they are slightly different from federal AGI limit (also different for Indiana self-employed and clergy workers). County tax rates are weighted average for the whole state.</td></tr><tr><td>Iowa</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>In Iowa, it is more adventageous for married couples to file separately. I think this accounts for most of the difference between our tax model and the Bakija tax model / aggregate tax targets. Do we want to consider coding married filing separately for certain states?</td></tr><tr><td>Kansas</td><td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Kentucky</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>n/a</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Louisiana</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>If the number of parameters in the latcut1 and latcut2 arrays changes, double check the SAS code. There is some hard coding that may need to change if the number of items in the arrays change. </td></tr><tr><td>Maine</td><td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Cannot capture quality child care provider for double child care credit</td></tr><tr><td>Maryland</td><td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion for some filers, otherwise uses federal AGI.</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>We don&#039;t model the state&#039;s military pay exclusion (which they enacted in tax year 2017) because it only applies to military pay received while serving overseas.

Maryland EIP is not captured as it uses 2019 tax return (available to those who qualify for EITC in 2019)</td></tr><tr><td>Massachusetts</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Limited UI exclusion for some filers.</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps in health insurance.</td></tr><tr><td>Michigan</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>In 2018, Michigan added retirement benefits for some retirees who are not covered by Social Security, but we are not modeling this at this time. Cannot capture qualified benefits from deceased spouse.</td></tr><tr><td>Minnesota</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mississippi</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td style="text-align:left">Y</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td style="text-align:left">Cannot track qualifying charitable contribution credits.</td></tr><tr><td>Missouri</td><td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Cannot capture earnings portion of state and local income taxes for component in itemized deduction. Cannot capture business income deduction from Missouri-source.</td></tr><tr><td>Montana</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nebraska</td><td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Doesn&#039;t model military retirement benefits exclusion as the model might overestimate the number of people eligible since one could retire with full pension as early as 37 and one must file for the exclusion within 2 year of retirement.</td></tr><tr><td>Nevada</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr><tr><td>New Hampshire</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>New Jersey</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>We don&#039;t model the state&#039;s property tax deduction, because while we could model the deduction for homeowners the state also allows renters to deduct a certain percentage of their rent (which we cannot model). We decided not to model at all to prevent inaccurate distributional effects. 
State also has an additional exemption for veterans, but we don&#039;t have information on the CPS about veteran status.
We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps in health insurance.</td></tr><tr><td>New Mexico</td><td>Yes</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>New York</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Higher tax rates and brackets as AGI never exceed 5 million due to top-coding. New York city child credit not modeled cannot disentangle share of expenses spent on children under 4 in NYC, will not include in model</td></tr><tr><td>North Carolina</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>North Dakota</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ohio</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oklahoma</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oregon</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pennsylvania</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Rhode Island</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps in health insurance.</td></tr><tr><td>South Carolina</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>South Dakota</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr><tr><td>Tennessee</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr><tr><td>Texas</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr><tr><td>Utah</td><td>Yes</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Vermont</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Virginia</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Washington</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr><tr><td>West Virginia</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wisconsin</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Partial UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wyoming</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr><tr><td>Total number of states</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>24.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1 See https://taxfoundation.org/state-conformity-federal-tax-reform/ for more information.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-2">Introduction</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th><strong>Brief Documentation for Federal and State Tax Parameter Workbook: 2023</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td>The Census Bureau imputes federal, state, and payroll tax liabilities and tax credits via a microsimulation tax model using the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS ASEC), the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Statistics of Income Public Use File (SOI PUF), and information from federal and state tax forms and instructions. The microsimulation model contains two primary components: a collection of SAS programs and a workbook of federal and state tax parameters.</td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td>This federal and state parameter workbook holds the key parameters that are used in the calculation of federal and state income taxes for the 2023 CPS ASEC tax model. In addition, the workbook describes where the parameters can be found in tax forms and/or instructions, making it easier to reference additional information on the parameter and to update the parameter each year.</td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td>In this workbook, there is a spreadsheet with all the parameters needed to calculate federal payroll and income tax, plus spreadsheets with the parameters for each state with an income tax. Each of the spreadsheets follows the same structure. The first column in each spreadsheet (“Parameter”) includes the variable name used for the parameter in the tax model SAS programs. The second column (“Description”) provides a brief description of what is captured by the parameter. The third column (“2023 Value”) contains the numerical parameter or array for tax year 2023. The fourth column (“2023 Source”) describes where the value can be found in federal or state tax forms and/or instructions.</td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td>There are limitations to the information captured in the parameter workbook. Refer to the full documentation of the federal and state parameter workbook for a description of the limitations (https://www2.census.gov/library/working-papers/2024/demo/Federal_and_State_Tax_Parameter_Workbook_Documentation_TY2023.pdf). </td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td>We welcome the comments and questions of data users. Additionally, feel free to reach out to request a 508 compliant version of the document or other accommodation. For comments, questions, and requests, please email: sehsd.isb.list@census.gov. </td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td><strong>Table of Contents</strong></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-3"><u>Federal</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-4"><u>AL</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-5"><u>AZ</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-6"><u>AR</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-7"><u>CA</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-8"><u>CO</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-9"><u>CT</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-10"><u>DE</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-11"><u>DC</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-12"><u>GA</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-13"><u>HI</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-14"><u>ID</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-15"><u>IL</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-16"><u>IN</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-17"><u>IN local</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-18"><u>IA</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-19"><u>IA local</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-20"><u>KS</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-21"><u>KY</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-22"><u>LA</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-23"><u>ME</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-24"><u>MD</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-25"><u>MD local</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-26"><u>MA</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-27"><u>MI</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-28"><u>MN</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-29"><u>MS</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-30"><u>MO</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-31"><u>MT</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-32"><u>NE</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-33"><u>NH</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-34"><u>NJ</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-35"><u>NM</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-36"><u>NY</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-37"><u>NC</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-38"><u>ND</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-39"><u>OH</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-40"><u>OK</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-41"><u>OR</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-42"><u>PA</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-43"><u>RI</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-44"><u>SC</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-46"><u>UT</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-47"><u>VT</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-48"><u>VA</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-49"><u>WV</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-50"><u>WI</u></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#sheet-51"><u>Source</u></a></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td>Suggested citation: Shantz, Katie (2024). <em>Federal and State Tax Parameter Workbook: 2023</em>. U.S. Census Bureau. https://www2.census.gov/library/working-papers/2024/demo/Federal_and_State_Tax_Parameter_Workbook_TY2023.xlsx </td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-3">Federal</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Federal Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>MAXFICA</td><td>maximum earnings taxed for old-age, survivors, and disability insurance (OASDI)</td><td style="text-align:left">160200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/OACT/COLA/cbb.html#Series)</td></tr><tr><td>OASITAX</td><td>old-age and survivors insurance trust fund tax rate (OASI tax)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.053</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/oasdiRates.html)</td></tr><tr><td>DITAX</td><td>disability insurance trust fund tax rate (DI tax)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.009</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/oasdiRates.html)</td></tr><tr><td>HITAX</td><td>medicare&#039;s hospital insurance tax rate (HI tax)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0145</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html)</td></tr><tr><td>FED136</td><td>additional hospital insurance tax rate for high earners</td><td style="text-align:left">0.009</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html notes at bottom)</td></tr><tr><td>FED137</td><td>minimum additional hospital insurance income for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html notes at bottom)</td></tr><tr><td>FED138</td><td>minimum additional hospital insurance income for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">250000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html notes at bottom)</td></tr><tr><td>CSRSTAX</td><td>retirement tax rate for civil service retirement system (assumption: multiple old CSRS documents indicate that federal employees had to contribute 7 percent and agencies were matching that percentage. Federal employees who started their federal career before 1987 is eligible for CSRS.)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.07</td><td style="text-align:left">Civil Service Retirement (https://www.cbp.gov/node/362203/printable/print)</td></tr><tr><td>CSRSCOV</td><td>current percentage of federal employees using civil service retirement system (CSRS) instead of federal employee retirement system (FERS)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0077</td><td style="text-align:left">Emailed: data.requests@opm.gov, percentage as of September 2023</td></tr><tr><td>FED146</td><td>age approximation for civil service retirement system (assumption: age in current year if they were 18 in 1987)</td><td style="text-align:left">55.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Civil Service Retirement (assumption)</td></tr><tr><td>FED7</td><td>income cutoff for self-employment tax</td><td style="text-align:left">400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Schedule SE, Section A Line 4c</td></tr><tr><td>FED8</td><td>taxable percentage of self-employment income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.9235</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Schedule SE, Section A Line 4a</td></tr><tr><td>FED9</td><td>combined FICA tax rate for self-employment income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.153</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html)</td></tr><tr><td>FED10</td><td>medicare&#039;s hospital insurance tax rate for self-employment income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.029</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html)</td></tr><tr><td>FED11</td><td>old-age and survivors insurance trust fund tax rate for self-employment income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.124</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.htmll)</td></tr><tr><td>FED12</td><td>social security benefit cutoff for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>FED13</td><td>social security benefit cutoff for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>FED14</td><td>social security benefit exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">9000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>FED15</td><td>social security benefit exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>FED16</td><td>maximum individual retirement arrangement (IRA) deduction for filers under the age of 50</td><td style="text-align:left">6500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 93,  IRA Deduction Worksheet Line 1b</td></tr><tr><td>FED17</td><td>maximum individual retirement arrangement (IRA) deduction for filers age 50 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">7500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 93,  IRA Deduction Worksheet Line 1b</td></tr><tr><td>EICTOP00</td><td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with zero children to be eligible for the earned income tax credit (EITC)</td><td style="text-align:left">17640.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>EICTOP01</td><td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with zero children to be eligible for the EITC </td><td style="text-align:left">24210.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>EICTOP10</td><td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with one child to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">46560.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>EICTOP11</td><td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with one child to be eligible for the EITC </td><td style="text-align:left">53120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>EICTOP20</td><td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with two children to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">52918.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>EICTOP21</td><td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with two children to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">59478.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>EICTOP30</td><td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with three or more children to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">56838.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>EICTOP31</td><td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with three or more children to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">63398.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>MAXINVST</td><td>maximum investment income to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">11000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, Earned Income Credit Section Step 2 Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>EICL01</td><td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with zero children</td><td style="text-align:left">7840.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICR01</td><td>EITC credit rate with zero children  </td><td style="text-align:left">0.0765</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL02S</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of household filers with zero children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">9800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL02J</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with zero children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">16370.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married value increase in footnotes </td></tr><tr><td>EICR02</td><td>EITC phaseout rate with zero children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0765</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL11</td><td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with one child</td><td style="text-align:left">11750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICR11</td><td>EITC credit rate with one child </td><td style="text-align:left">0.34</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL12S</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of household filers with one child (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">21560.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL12J</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with one child (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">28120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married value increase in footnotes </td></tr><tr><td>EICR12</td><td>EITC phaseout rate with one child </td><td style="text-align:left">0.1598</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL21</td><td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with two children</td><td style="text-align:left">16510.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICR21</td><td>EITC credit rate with two children </td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL22S</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of household filers with two children (beginning income for the phaseout) </td><td style="text-align:left">21560.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL22J</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with two children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">28120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married value increase in footnotes </td></tr><tr><td>EICR22</td><td>EITC phaseout rate with two children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2106</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL31</td><td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with three or more children </td><td style="text-align:left">16510.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICR31</td><td>EITC credit rate with three or more children </td><td style="text-align:left">0.45</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL32S</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of household filers with three or more children (beginning income for the phaseout) </td><td style="text-align:left">21560.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>EICL32J</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with three or more children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">28120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married value increase in footnotes </td></tr><tr><td>EICR32</td><td>EITC phaseout rate with three or more children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2106</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr><tr><td>FED40</td><td>earned income cutoff for the standard deduction for dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>FED41</td><td>standard deduction for dependents if earned income is greater than the earned income cutoff</td><td style="text-align:left">400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>FED42</td><td>standard deduction for dependents if earned income is less than the earned income cutoff</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>FED43</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>FED44</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>FED45</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>FED46</td><td>standard deduction for dependents age 65 and older or blind for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 4B</td></tr><tr><td>FED47</td><td>standard deduction for dependents age 65 and older or blind for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 4B</td></tr><tr><td>FED48</td><td>single filers with “1” in the box (for filers age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">15700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr><tr><td>FED49</td><td>single filers with “2” in the box (for filers age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">17550.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr><tr><td>FED50</td><td>joint filers with “1” in the box (for filers and/or spouses age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">29200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr><tr><td>FED51</td><td>joint filers with “2” in the box (for filers and/or spouses age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">30700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr><tr><td>FED52</td><td>joint filers with “3” in the box (for filers and/or spouses age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">32200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr><tr><td>FED53</td><td>joint filers with “4” in the box (for filers and/or spouses age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">33700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr><tr><td>FED54</td><td>head of household filers with “1” in the box (for filers age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">22650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr><tr><td>FED55</td><td>head of household filers with “2” in the box (for filer age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">24500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr><tr><td>FED157</td><td>percentage of deduction allowed of net qualified business income component, qualified real estate investment trust (REIT) component, and income limitation</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 8995, Qualified Business Income Deduction - Simplified Computation Lines 5, 9, and 14</td></tr><tr><td>FED147</td><td>percentage of federal AGI above which medical and dental expenses can be deducted for filers and spouses age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Schedule A, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>FED148</td><td>percentage of federal AGI above which medical and dental expenses can be deducted for filers and spouses under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Schedule A, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>FED153</td><td>limitation on state and local tax deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Schedule A, Line 5e</td></tr><tr><td>FED64</td><td>first threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">44625.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>FED65</td><td>first threshold of the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">89250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>FED66</td><td>first threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">59750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>FED67</td><td>qualified dividends and capital gains rate under second threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 18</td></tr><tr><td>FED68</td><td>qualified dividends and capital gains rate under first threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>FED69</td><td>qualified dividends and capital gains above second threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 21</td></tr><tr><td>FED139</td><td>second threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">492300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 13</td></tr><tr><td>FED140</td><td>second threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">553850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 13</td></tr><tr><td>FED141</td><td>second threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">523050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 13</td></tr><tr><td>FED70</td><td>alternative minimum tax (AMT) exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">81300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>FED71</td><td>AMT exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">126500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>FED72</td><td>alternative minimum taxable income threshold to be eligible for the AMT exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">578150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>FED73</td><td>alternative minimum taxable income threshold to be eligible for the AMT exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1156300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>FED74</td><td>AMT income cutoff </td><td style="text-align:left">220700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II Line 7, Part III Line 18, and Part III Line 39</td></tr><tr><td>FED75</td><td>AMT percentage if income is less than the cutoff in FED74</td><td style="text-align:left">0.26</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>FED76</td><td>AMT percentage used to calculate AMT exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251 Instructions, p. 9, Exemption Worksheet, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>FED77</td><td>AMT income subtraction if income is greater than the cutoff in FED74</td><td style="text-align:left">4414.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>FED78</td><td>AMT percentage if income is greater than the cutoff in FED74</td><td style="text-align:left">0.28</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>FED154</td><td>first AMT percentage using maximum capital gains rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part III Line 31</td></tr><tr><td>FED155</td><td>second AMT percentage using maximum capital gains rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part III Line 34</td></tr><tr><td>FED156</td><td>third AMT percentage using maximum capital gains rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part III Line 37</td></tr><tr><td>FED79</td><td>limitation on nontaxable social security or other pension annuities for the credit for the elderly or disabled for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R, Line 10 Boxes 1, 2, 4, or 7</td></tr><tr><td>FED80</td><td>limitation on nontaxable social security or other pension annuities for the credit for the elderly or disabled for joint filers with both spouses eligible</td><td style="text-align:left">7500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R, Line 10 Boxes 3, 5, 6 and Line 15 Boxes 1 or 2</td></tr><tr><td>FED81</td><td>limitation on nontaxable social security or other pension annuities for the credit for the elderly or disabled for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R, Line 15 Boxes 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7</td></tr><tr><td>FED82</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the credit for the elderly or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R, Line 17 </td></tr><tr><td>FED83</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the credit for the elderly or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R, Line 20 </td></tr><tr><td>FED84</td><td>income limit for the credit for the elderly or disabled for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">17500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R Instructions, Income Limits for the Credit for the Elderly or the Disabled, p. 3</td></tr><tr><td>FED85</td><td>income limit for the credit for the elderly or disabled for joint filers with one spouse eligible</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R Instructions, Income Limits for the Credit for the Elderly or the Disabled, p. 3</td></tr><tr><td>FED86</td><td>income limit for the credit for the elderly or disabled for joint filers with both spouses eligible</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R Instructions, Income Limits for the Credit for the Elderly or the Disabled, p. 3</td></tr><tr><td>FED87</td><td>amount for each qualifying child for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part I Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>FED88</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive the full child tax credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part I Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>FED89</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive the full child tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">400000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part I Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>FED90</td><td>percentage to calculate the child tax credit reduction
</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part I Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>FED91</td><td>minimum taxable earned income to be eligible for the additional child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part II-A, Line 19</td></tr><tr><td>FED92</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the additional child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part II-A, Line 20</td></tr><tr><td>FED150</td><td>amount for each other dependent for the credit for other dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part I Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>FED151</td><td>maximum additional child tax credit for each qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">1600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part II Line 16b</td></tr><tr><td>FED152</td><td>maximum total additional child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">4800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part II Line 20</td></tr><tr><td>FED94</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for single filers under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr><tr><td>FED95</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for single filers age 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">15700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr><tr><td>FED96</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for joint filers both under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr><tr><td>FED97</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for joint filers one under age 65 and one age 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">29200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr><tr><td>FED98</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for joint filers both age 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">30700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr><tr><td>FED99</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for head of household filers under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr><tr><td>FED100</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for head of household filers age 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">22650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr><tr><td>FED101</td><td>gross and unearned income thresholds for filing requirement for dependents under 65 and not blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other Dependents</td></tr><tr><td>FED102</td><td>earned income threshold for filing requirement for dependents under 65 and not blind</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other Dependents</td></tr><tr><td>FED103</td><td>gross and unearned income thresholds for filing requirement for dependents age 65 and older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">3100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other Dependents</td></tr><tr><td>FED104</td><td>earned income threshold for filing requirement for dependents age 65 and older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">15700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other Dependents</td></tr><tr><td>FED105</td><td>assumption: designated income to increase filers. previously undercounting filers and adding this assumption got us closer to the IRS targets.</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Assumption (not in any forms or instructions)</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT11</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">11000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 instructions, Schedule X, p. 110, Income Cutoff 1</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT12</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">44725.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Income Cutoff 2</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT13</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">95375.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Income Cutoff 3</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT14</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">182100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Income Cutoff 4</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT15</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">231250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Income Cutoff 5</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT16</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">578125.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Income Cutoff 6</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT21</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">22000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, p. 110, Income Cutoff 1</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT22</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">89450.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 2</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT23</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">190750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 3</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT24</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">364200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 4</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT25</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">462500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 5</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT26</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">693750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 6</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT41</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, p. 110, Income Cutoff 1</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT42</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">59850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 2</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT43</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">95350.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 3</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT44</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">182100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 4</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT45</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">231250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 5</td></tr><tr><td>TAXAMT46</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">578100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 6</td></tr><tr><td>TAXRAT1</td><td style="text-align:left">first income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 1</td></tr><tr><td>TAXRAT2</td><td style="text-align:left">second income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.12</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 2</td></tr><tr><td>TAXRAT3</td><td style="text-align:left">third income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.22</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 3</td></tr><tr><td>TAXRAT4</td><td style="text-align:left">fourth income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.24</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 4</td></tr><tr><td>TAXRAT5</td><td style="text-align:left">fifth income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.32</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 5</td></tr><tr><td>TAXRAT6</td><td style="text-align:left">sixth income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.35</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 6</td></tr><tr><td>TAXRAT7</td><td style="text-align:left">seventh income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.37</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 7</td></tr><tr><td>FED160</td><td>maximum qualified expenses for one child for the child and dependent expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td>Form 2441, Part II, line 3</td></tr><tr><td>FED161</td><td>maximum qualified expenses for two or more children for the child and dependent expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td>Form 2441, Part II, line 3</td></tr><tr><td>FED162</td><td>maximum charitable contribution deduction as a percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.6</td><td>Publication 526, p. 4, Contributions You Can Deduct</td></tr><tr><td>ccinc</td><td>federal AGI brackets for the child and dependent expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000 27000 29000 31000 33000 35000 37000 39000 41000 43000</td><td>Form 2441, Part II, line 8</td></tr><tr><td>ccpct</td><td>rates for the child and dependent expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">.35 .34 .33 .32 .31 .30 .29 .28 .27 .26 .25 .24 .23 .22 .21 .20</td><td>Form 2441, Part II, line 8</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-4">AL</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Alabama State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>ALPEXAMT1</td><td>dependent exemption amount for units with state AGI greater than ALEXCUT2</td><td style="text-align:left">300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td></tr><tr><td>ALPEXAMT2</td><td>dependent exemption amount for units with state AGI greater than ALEXCUT1 and less than or equal to ALEXCUT2</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td></tr><tr><td>ALPEXAMT3</td><td>dependent exemption amount for units with state AGI less than or equal to ALEXCUT1</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td></tr><tr><td>ALEXCUT1</td><td>first state AGI cutoff for the deduction exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td></tr><tr><td>ALEXCUT2</td><td>second state AGI cutoff for the deduction exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td></tr><tr><td>ALEXRET1</td><td>personal exemption amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>ALEXRET2</td><td>personal exemption amount for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, Line 2 and 4</td></tr><tr><td>ALSTDCUT</td><td>state AGI brackets for standard deduction for all filing statuses</td><td style="text-align:left">0 26000 26500 27000 27500 28000 28500 29000 29500 30000 30500 31000 31500 32000 32500 33000 33500 34000 34500 35000 35500</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction chart</td></tr><tr><td>ALSTD1</td><td>standard deduction amounts for single filers by ALSTDCUT</td><td style="text-align:left">3000 2975 2950 2925 2900 2875 2850 2825 2800 2775 2750 2725 2700 2675 2650 2625 2600 2575 2550 2525 2500</td><td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction chart</td></tr><tr><td>ALSTD2</td><td>standard deduction amounts for married filing jointly filers by ALSTDCUT</td><td style="text-align:left">8500 8325 8150 7975 7800 7625 7450 7275 7100 6925 6750 6575 6400 6225 6050 5875 5700 5525 5350 5175 5000</td><td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction chart</td></tr><tr><td>ALSTD4</td><td>standard deduction amounts for head of households filers by ALSTDCUT</td><td style="text-align:left">5200 5065 4930 4795 4660 4525 4390 4255 4120 3985 3850 3715 3580 3445 3310 3175 3040 2905 2770 2635 2500</td><td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction chart</td></tr><tr><td>ALTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 500 3000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rates in Alabama Individual Income Tax FAQ from Alabama Tax website</td></tr><tr><td>ALTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 1000 6000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rates in Alabama Individual Income Tax FAQ from Alabama Tax website</td></tr><tr><td>ALTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.02 0.04 0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rates in Alabama Individual Income Tax FAQ from Alabama Tax website</td></tr><tr><td>ALMEDRAT</td><td>percentage of state AGI above which medical and dental expenses are deductible</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td>Schedule A, line 3</td></tr><tr><td>ALCHRTYLIM</td><td>percentage of state AGI limitation for charitable contribution deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 19, Line 15 through 18, Gifts to Charity</td></tr><tr><td>ALPENEXC</td><td>amount of non-civil service pension income that can be excluded from state taxable income (in joint units, both the head and spouse can claim the exclusion)</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td>Schedule RS, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>ALREBAMT1</td><td>one-time state tax rebate for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/individuals/2023-rebate/">https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/individuals/2023-rebate/</a></td></tr><tr><td>ALREBAMT2</td><td>one-time state tax rebate for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">300.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/individuals/2023-rebate/">https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/individuals/2023-rebate/</a></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-5">AZ</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Arizona State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>AZDEPAMT65</td><td>exemption for tax unit head (and/or spouse, for joint filers) if age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">2100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 20, Line 38</td></tr><tr><td>AZDEPAMTBL</td><td>exemption for tax unit head (and/or spouse, for joint filers) if blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 20, Line 39</td></tr><tr><td>AZSTDDED1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 21, Line 43</td></tr><tr><td>AZSTDDED2</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2019</strong>: standard deduction for joint and head of household filers.<strong> Tax year 2019 and after</strong>: standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 21, Line 43</td></tr><tr><td>AZSTDDED4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 21, Line 43</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRCUT11</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table III</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRCUT21</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for joint filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table I</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRCUT22</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for joint filers with two dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">23600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table I</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRCUT23</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for joint filers with three dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">27300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table I, p. 23</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRCUT24</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for joint filers with four or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">31000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table I</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRCUT31</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for head of household filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table II</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRCUT32</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for head of household filers with two dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">20135.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table II</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRCUT33</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for head of household filers with three dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">23800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table II</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRCUT34</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for head of household filers with four dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">25200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table II</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRCUT35</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for head of household filers with five or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">26575.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table II</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCRAMT</td><td>amount of family income tax credit for the tax unit head, spouse (if filing jointly), and each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">40.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Worksheet II Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCMAX1</td><td>maximum total family income tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Worksheet II Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>AZFCMAX2</td><td>maximum total family income tax credit for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">240.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Worksheet II Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>AZDCRAMT1</td><td>amount of dependent tax credit for each qualifying dependent who is at least 17 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">25.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table I</td></tr><tr><td>AZDCRAMT2</td><td>amount of dependent tax credit for each qualifying dependent who is under 17 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table I</td></tr><tr><td>AZDCMAX1</td><td>federal AGI above which the dependent tax credit begins phasing out for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table III</td></tr><tr><td>AZDCMAX2</td><td>federal AGI above which the dependent tax credit begins phasing out for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">400000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table IV</td></tr><tr><td>AZDCCUT</td><td>dependent tax credit phase out brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000 17000 18000 19000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table V</td></tr><tr><td>AZDCRATE</td><td>dependent tax credit phase out percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table V</td></tr><tr><td>AZEXCCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for the increased excise tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12500.0</td><td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 25, Line 56 Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>AZEXCCUT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for the increased excise tax credit for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 25, Line 56 Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>AZEXCAMT</td><td>amount of increased excise tax credit per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">25.0</td><td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 26, Line 56 Worksheet Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>AZEXCMAX</td><td>total maximum increased excise tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 26, Line 56 Worksheet Note</td></tr><tr><td>AZPENEXC</td><td>amount of government pension income that can be excluded from taxable income</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 14, Line 29a</td></tr><tr><td>AZPENMIL</td><td>amount of uniformed service pension income that can be excluded from taxable income</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 15, Line 29b</td></tr><tr><td>AZCHRTY</td><td>percentage of charitable deductions allowed under standard deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.31</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, Highlights, Standard Deduction Increase for Charitable Contibutions, Resident Personal Income Tax Return</td></tr><tr><td>AZRATE</td><td>income tax rate for all tax units</td><td style="text-align:left">0.025</td><td>Form 140, Line 46</td></tr><tr><td>AZREBAMT1</td><td>rebate amount per dependent for dependents under age 17</td><td style="text-align:left">250.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://azdor.gov/individuals/arizona-families-tax-rebate">https://azdor.gov/individuals/arizona-families-tax-rebate</a></td></tr><tr><td>AZREBAMT2</td><td>rebate amount per dependent for other dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://azdor.gov/individuals/arizona-families-tax-rebate">https://azdor.gov/individuals/arizona-families-tax-rebate</a></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-6">AR</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Arkansas State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td style="text-align:left"><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>AFEXAMT</td><td>maximum amount of military pay that can be exempted (military pay full exempt starting in tax year 2014)</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 8 (Military pensions is fully exempt in 2023.)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARPENEXAMT</td><td>maximum amount of retirement income that can be exempted</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 13, Line 18A</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARPCRDAMT</td><td>personal tax credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">29.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 12, Line 7A and 7B</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARSTDDED1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2340.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 14, Line 27</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARSTDDED2</td><td>standard deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4680.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 14, Line 27</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARMOOPPCT</td><td>percentage of state AGI above which medical expenses are deductible</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td>Form AR3, Line 3</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARCCRATE</td><td>percentage of federal child care credit allowed as state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td>Form AR 2441, Line 10</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOEND1</td><td>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16500.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOEND2</td><td>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for joint filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">27500.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOEND3</td><td>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for joint filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">34100.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOEND4</td><td>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for head of household filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">23900.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOEND5</td><td>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for head of household filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">27400.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARTCUT</td><td>income tax brackets for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 5299 10599 15099 24999 10000000</td><td>Indexed tax brackets</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARTRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.02 0.03 0.034 0.047</td><td>Indexed tax brackets</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOTAX1</td><td>income tax amount for the low income tax table for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 27 34 41 48 55 62 69 76 83 90 97 104 111 118 125 132 139 146 153 160 167 174 181 188 195 202 209</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 13849 13900 14000 14100 14200 14300 14400 14500 14600 14700 14800 14900 15000 15100 15200 15300 15400 15500 15600 15700 15800 15900 16000 16100 16200 16300 16400</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOTAX2</td><td>income tax amount for the low income tax table for joint filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 72 83 93 104 114 124 135 145 165 166 176 187 197 208 218 228 239 249 260 270 280 291 301 312 322 332 343 353 364 374 384 395 405 416 426 436 447 457 468 478 488 499</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for joint filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 23356 23400 23500 23600 23700 23800 23900 24000 24100 24200 24300 24400 24500 24600 24700 24800 24900 25000 25100 25200 25300 25400 25500 25600 25700 25800 25900 26000 26100 26200 26300 26400 26500 26600 26700 26800 26900 27000 27100 27200 27300 27400</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOTAX3</td><td>income tax amount for the low income tax table for joint filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 105 115 126 136 147 157 167 178 188 199 209 219 230 240 251 261 272 284 295 307 319 331 342 354 366 377 389 401 412 424 436 448 459 471 483 494 506 518 529 541 553 565 576 588 600 611 623 635 646 658 670 682 693 705 717 728 740 752 763 775</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOCUT3</td><td>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for joint filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 28110 28200 28300 28400 28500 28600 28700 28800 28900 29000 29100 29200 29300 29400 29500 29600 29700 29800 29900 30000 30100 30200 30300 30400 30500 30600 30700 30800 30900 31000 31100 31200 31300 31400 31500 31600 31700 31800 31900 32000 32100 32200 32300 32400 32500 32600 32700 32800 32900 33000 33100 33200 33300 33400 33500 33600 33700 33800 33900 34000</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOTAX4</td><td>income tax amount for the low income tax table for head of household filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 64 73 82 92 101 111 120 129 139 148 158 167 176 186 195 205 214 223 233 242 252 261 270 280 289 299 308 317 327 336 346 355 364 374 383 393 402 411 421 430 440 449 458</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOCUT4</td><td>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for head of household filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 19691 19700 19800 19900 20000 20100 20200 20300 20400 20500 20600 20700 20800 20900 21000 21100 21200 21300 21400 21500 21600 21700 21800 21900 22000 22100 22200 22300 22400 22500 22600 22700 22800 22900 23000 23100 23200 23300 23400 23500 23600 23700 23800</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOTAX5</td><td>income tax amount for the low income tax table for head of household filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 89 102 114 127 139 151 164 176 189 201 213 226 238 251 263 275 288 300 313 325 337 350 362 375 387 399 412 424 437 449 461 474 486 499 511 523 536 548 561 574</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARLOCUT5</td><td>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for head of household filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 23472 23500 23600 23700 23800 23900 24000 24100 24200 24300 24400 24500 24600 24700 24800 24900 25000 25100 25200 25300 25400 25500 25600 25700 25800 25900 26000 26100 26200 26300 26400 26500 26600 26700 26800 26900 27000 27100 27200 27300</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARCHRTYLIM</td><td>percentage of state AGI allowable for charitable contributions deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.6</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 17, Line 16</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARINFMX1</td><td>maximum state taxable income for single and head of household filers for inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">103600.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARINFMX2</td><td>maximum state taxable income for joint filers for inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">207200.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARINF2MX</td><td>maximum state taxable income for all filers for additional tax credit for qualified individuals</td><td style="text-align:left">26100.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 22, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARINFBN1</td><td>state taxable income brackets for single and head of household filers to determine inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0 89600 90600 91600 92600 93600 94600 95600 96600 9700 98600 99600 100600 101600 102600 103600</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARINFBN2</td><td>state taxable income brackets for joint filers to determine inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0 179200 181200 183200 185200 187200 189200 191200 193200 195200 197200 199200 201200 203200 205200 207200</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARINFCR1</td><td>credit amounts for single and head of household filers for inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARINFCR2</td><td>credit amounts for joint for inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">300 280 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARINF2BN</td><td>state taxable income brackets for all filers to determine additional tax credit for qualified individuals</td><td style="text-align:left">0 25000 25100 25200 25300 25400 25500 25600 25700 25800 25900 26000 26100</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 22, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ARINF2CR</td><td>credit amounts for all filers for additional tax credit for qualified individuals</td><td style="text-align:left">0 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 5 0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 22, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-7">CA</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>California State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>CAMOOPRAT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td>Schedule CA, Part II, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>CACHRTY</td><td>maximum percentage of federal AGI allowed for charitable deductions </td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td>Schedule CA Instructions, Part II, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>CAITMPCT1</td><td>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 67, Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>CAITMPCT2</td><td>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.06</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 67, Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>ITZCUT1</td><td>federal AGI limitation for exemption credits for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">237035.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line B</td></tr><tr><td>ITZCUT2</td><td>federal AGI limitation for exemption credits for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">474075.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line B</td></tr><tr><td>ITZCUT4</td><td>federal AGI limitation for exemption credits for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">355558.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line B</td></tr><tr><td>EXMDIV</td><td>divider used for AGI limitation for exemption credits</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line D</td></tr><tr><td>EXMPCT</td><td>multiplier used for AGI limitation for exemption credits</td><td style="text-align:left">6.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line E</td></tr><tr><td>AMTEXM1</td><td>minimum total income to potentially owe AMT for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">87171.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 16, Line 61</td></tr><tr><td>AMTEXM2</td><td>minimum total income to potentially owe AMT for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">116229.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 16, Line 61</td></tr><tr><td>AMTCUT11</td><td>state AGI above which credits may be limited for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">326891.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, Box C</td></tr><tr><td>AMTCUT12</td><td>state AGI above which credits may be limited for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">435855.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, Box C</td></tr><tr><td>AMTCUT21</td><td>alternative minimum taxable income limit to qualify for some exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">675575.0</td><td>Form 540 Schedule P Instructions, p. 6, Exemption Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>AMTCUT22</td><td>alternative minimum taxable income limit to qualify for some exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">900771.0</td><td>Form 540 Schedule P Instructions, p. 6, Exemption Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>AMTMOOPRAT</td><td>maximum percentage of federal AGI allowed for the medical expense deduction for the AMT</td><td style="text-align:left">0.025</td><td>Form 540 Schedule P, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>AMTEXMPCT1</td><td>percentage used for exemption phaseout for the AMT</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td>Form 540 Schedule P Instructions, p. 6, Exemption Worksheet, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>AMTEXMPCT2</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the AMT</td><td style="text-align:left">0.07</td><td>Form 540 Schedule P, Line 24</td></tr><tr><td>PEXMAMT</td><td>exemption credit for tax unit head (and spouse if filing jointly) and if blind and/or age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">144.0</td><td>Form 540, Line 7, 8, and 9</td></tr><tr><td>DEPAMTD</td><td>exemption credit for each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">446.0</td><td>Form 540, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5363.0</td><td>Form 540, Line 18</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10726.0</td><td>Form 540, Line 18</td></tr><tr><td>STDEPCA</td><td>standard deduction for dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 13, California Standard Deduction Worksheet for Dependents, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>STDPINCA</td><td>amount added to earned income if above certain threshold for standard deduction for dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">400.0</td><td>Federal Form 1040 Instructions, p. 32, Standard Deduction Worksheet for Dependents</td></tr><tr><td>MAXINCCC</td><td>maximum federal AGI for child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p.15, Line 40</td></tr><tr><td>CCEX1</td><td>first federal AGI threshold to determine percentage for child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>CCEX2</td><td>second federal AGI threshold to determine percentage for child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">70000.0</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>CCPCT1</td><td>first percentage for the child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>CCPCT2</td><td>second percentage for the child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.43</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>CCPCT3</td><td>third percentage for the child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.34</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>EITTOP0</td><td>maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with no qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">30951.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</td></tr><tr><td>EITTOP1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">30951.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</td></tr><tr><td>EITTOP2</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2017</strong>: maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with two or more qualifying children
<strong>Tax year 2017 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">30951.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</td></tr><tr><td>EITTOP3</td><td>maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with three or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">30951.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</td></tr><tr><td>EITCUT0</td><td>first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with no qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">4380.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</td></tr><tr><td>EITCUT1</td><td>first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">6577.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</td></tr><tr><td>EITCUT2</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2017</strong>: first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with two or more qualifying children.
<strong>Tax year 2017 and after</strong>: first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">9232.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</td></tr><tr><td>EITCUT3</td><td>first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with three or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">9232.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</td></tr><tr><td>EITCUT2_0</td><td>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with no qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">5175.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr><tr><td>EITCUT2_1</td><td>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">11175.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr><tr><td>EITCUT2_2</td><td>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">16775.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr><tr><td>EITCUT2_3</td><td>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with three or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">16975.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr><tr><td>EITRAT0</td><td>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with no qualifying children (all percentages are the federal percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.065025</td><td><a href="https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB101/id/2831243%20(California%20adjustment%20factor%20is%20specified%20in%20the%20California%20Budget%20Act%20and%20can%20change%20yearly.)">https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB101/id/2831243 (California adjustment factor is specified in the California Budget Act and can change yearly.)</a></td></tr><tr><td>EITRAT1</td><td>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child (all percentages are the federal percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.289</td><td>Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy Center</td></tr><tr><td>EITRAT2</td><td>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children (all percentages are the federal percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.34</td><td>Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy Center</td></tr><tr><td>EITRAT3</td><td>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with three qualifying children (all percentages are the federal percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3825</td><td>Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy Center </td></tr><tr><td>EITRAT2_0</td><td>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with no qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0091946</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr><tr><td>EITRAT2_1</td><td>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0300364</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr><tr><td>EITRAT2_2</td><td>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0419018</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr><tr><td>EITRAT2_3</td><td>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with three qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0425014</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr><tr><td>EITMAX0</td><td>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with no qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">285.0</td><td><a href="https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html">https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</a></td></tr><tr><td>EITMAX1</td><td>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">1900.0</td><td>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</td></tr><tr><td>EITMAX2</td><td>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">3137.0</td><td>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</td></tr><tr><td>EITMAX3</td><td>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with three qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">3529.0</td><td>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</td></tr><tr><td>YCTCCUT</td><td>state earned income threshold for the young child tax credit phaseout</td><td style="text-align:left">25775.0</td><td>Form 3514, Line 24</td></tr><tr><td>YCTCAMT</td><td>young child tax credit for filers with state earned income under the threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">1117.0</td><td>Form 3514, Line 24</td></tr><tr><td>YCTCPCT</td><td>percentage reduction for the young child tax credit over the state earned income threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2166</td><td>Form FTB 3514, Line 26 and 27</td></tr><tr><td>CUTOFF1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10412 24684 38959 54081 68350 349137 418961 698271 10000000</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule X</td></tr><tr><td>CUTOFF2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20824 49368 77918 108162 136700 698274 837922 1396542 10000000</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule Y</td></tr><tr><td>CUTOFF4</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20839 49371 63644 78765 93037 474824 569790 949649 10000000</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule Z</td></tr><tr><td>TAXRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.093 0.103 0.113 0.123</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule X</td></tr><tr><td>CACCCPCT</td><td>percentages to calculate the credit for child and dependent care expenses</td><td style="text-align:left">0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>CACCCCUT</td><td>federal AGI thresholds to determine percentage for the credit for child and dependent care expenses</td><td style="text-align:left">15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000 27000 29000 31000 33000 35000 37000 39000 41000 43000 100000</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>YCTCAGILIM</td><td>maximum AGI for the young child tax credit when state earned income is zero or less</td><td style="text-align:left">30950.0</td><td>Form 3514, Line 23b</td></tr><tr><td>YCTCLOSSLIM</td><td>maximum net loss for the young child tax credit when state earned income is zero or less</td><td style="text-align:left">33497.0</td><td>Form 3514, Line 23b</td></tr><tr><td>CAEITINV</td><td>maximum investment income to qualify for the state EITC and YCTC</td><td style="text-align:left">4525.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 3514 Instructions, Step 2, Worksheet 1, Line 13</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-8">CO</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Colorado State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>COMAXPEN1</td><td>maximum allowable pension and annuity subtraction for filers age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 12, DR104AD Instructions, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>COMAXPEN2</td><td>maximum allowable pension and annuity subtraction for filers age 55 to 64</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 12, DR104AD Instructions, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>COCHRTYADJ</td><td>state adjustment to charitable contribution deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 14, Form DR104AD Instructions, Line 12, Worksheet Line d</td></tr><tr><td>COCCCPCT1</td><td>first allowable percentage of the federal credit for the state child care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part III, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>COCCCCUT1</td><td>first federal AGI threshold for the state child care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part III</td></tr><tr><td>COLWINCPCT</td><td>percentage used in calculation of the low-income child care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part IV, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>COLWINCCT1</td><td>maximum low-income child care expenses credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part IV, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>COLWINCCT2</td><td>maximum low-income child care expenses credit for filers with two or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part IV, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>COLWINCCUT</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the low-income child care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part IV</td></tr><tr><td>COEITRAT</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CR, Part I, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>COTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.044</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>COAMTRAT</td><td>alternative minimum tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0347</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104AMT, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>COMIL</td><td>maximum military retirement subtraction for filers age 54 or younger</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Instructions, p.13, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>COSSBEN</td><td>maximum social security benefiit subtraction (for joint filers, both the head and spouse can claim this amount)</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Instructions, p. 12, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>SALETAXAMT1</td><td>state sales tax refund for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104, Line 34</td></tr><tr><td>SALETAXAMT2</td><td>state sales tax refund for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104, Line 34</td></tr><tr><td>COCTCCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the state child tax credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>COCTCCUT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the state child tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">85000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>COFEDCTC</td><td>amount per child for the calculation of the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>COSTATCAP</td><td>amount per child for the calculation of the statutory cap for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>COERNINC</td><td>earned income cap</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>COERNINCPCT</td><td>percentage of the excess earned income over the cap</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>COCTC3KIDS</td><td>statutory cap for three or more eligible children</td><td style="text-align:left">4800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Section D</td></tr><tr><td>COCTCCUT11</td><td>first federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr><tr><td>COCTCCUT12</td><td>second federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr><tr><td>COCTCCUT21</td><td>first federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">35000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr><tr><td>COCTCCUT22</td><td>second federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr><tr><td>COCTCPCT1</td><td>first percentage for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.6</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr><tr><td>COCTCPCT2</td><td>second percentage for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr><tr><td>COCTCPCT3</td><td>third percentage for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr><tr><td>COFEDADDINC</td><td>federal AGI above which filers may need to add back itemized or standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">300000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>COFEDADD1</td><td>amount subtracted from the federal itemized or standard deductions addback for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>COFEDADD2</td><td>amount subtracted from the federal itemized or standard deductions addback for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-9">CT</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Connecticut State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>INIT1</td><td>initial amount of personal exemptions for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INIT2</td><td>initial amount of personal exemptions for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INIT4</td><td>initial amount of personal exemptions for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">19000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INCS1</td><td>state AGI at which personal exemptions begin to decrease for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INCS2</td><td>state AGI at which personal exemptions begin to decrease for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">48000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INCS4</td><td>state AGI at which personal exemptions begin to decrease for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">38000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INCE1</td><td>maximum state AGI to be eligible for some personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">44000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INCE2</td><td>maximum state AGI to be eligible for some personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">71000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INCE4</td><td>maximum state AGI to be eligible for some personal exemption for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">56000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INCREM</td><td>state AGI increments to reduce personal exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>FINIS1</td><td>lower threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>FINIS2</td><td>lower threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>FINIS4</td><td>lower threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">19000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>FINIE1</td><td>higher threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>FINIE2</td><td>higher threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>FINIE4</td><td>higher threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>CINCREM</td><td>state AGI increments to change personal tax credit rate</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>CRAT1</td><td>first change for the personal tax credit decimal amount</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>CRAT2</td><td>second change for the personal tax credit decimal amount</td><td style="text-align:left">0.01</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>INITCR1</td><td>initial personal tax credit decimal amount</td><td style="text-align:left">0.75</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>INITCR2</td><td>decimal amount at which the difference for each increment changes from CRAT1 to CRAT2 for the personal tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.14</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>OFFSET1</td><td>first subtraction amount required for personal tax credit decimal amount</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>OFFSET2</td><td>second subtraction amount required for personal tax credit decimal amount</td><td style="text-align:left">13.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>TCUTCT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10000 50000 100000 200000 250000 500000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td></tr><tr><td>TCUTCT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20000 100000 200000 400000 500000 1000000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td></tr><tr><td>TCUTCT4</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 16000 80000 160000 320000 400000 800000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td></tr><tr><td>TAXRATCT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.03 0.05 0.055 0.06 0.065 0.069 0.0699</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td></tr><tr><td>CTPHSEST</td><td>minimum state AGI to be required to add the 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">56500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr><tr><td>PHCUTCT1</td><td>income brackets for 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">56500 61500 66500 71500 76500 81500 86500 91500 96500 101500 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr><tr><td>PHCUTCT2</td><td>income brackets for 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100500 105500 110500 115500 120500 125500 130500 135500 140500 145500 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr><tr><td>PHCUTCT4</td><td>income brackets for 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">78500 82500 86500 90500 94500 98500 102500 106500 110500 114500 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr><tr><td>PHOUTCT1</td><td>phase-out add-back for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr><tr><td>PHOUTCT2</td><td>phase-out add-back for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr><tr><td>PHOUTCT4</td><td>phase-out add-back for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 256 288 320</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPST1</td><td>initial state AGI cutoff for tax recapture for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPST2</td><td>initial state AGI cutoff for tax recapture for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">400000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPST4</td><td>initial state AGI cutoff for tax recapture for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">320000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPCT1</td><td>state AGI bracket increments for tax recapture for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPCT2</td><td>state AGI bracket increments for tax recapture for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPCT4</td><td>state AGI bracket increments for tax recapture for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPAD1</td><td>first tax recapture increments for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">90.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPAD2</td><td>first tax recapture increments for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">180.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPAD4</td><td>first tax recapture increments for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">140.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPMD1</td><td>midpoint state AGI cutoff for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">345000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPMD2</td><td>midpoint state AGI cutoff for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">690000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPMD4</td><td>midpoint state AGI cutoff for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">552000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPED1</td><td>second midpoint state AGI cutoff for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">500000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPED2</td><td>second midpoint state AGI cutoff for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPED4</td><td>second midpoint state AGI cutoff for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">800000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPSD1</td><td>second tax recapture increments for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPSD2</td><td>second tax recapture increments for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPSD4</td><td>second tax recapture increments for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">80.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPML1</td><td>midpoint tax recapture for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPML2</td><td>midpoint tax recapture for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPML4</td><td>midpoint tax recapture for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPMX1</td><td>maximum tax recapture for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPMX2</td><td>maximum tax recapture for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>TXRCPMX4</td><td>maximum tax recapture for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4920.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr><tr><td>SSCUT1</td><td>maximum amount of social security tax exempt for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 24, Line 41</td></tr><tr><td>SSCUT2</td><td>maximum amount of social security tax exempt for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 24, Line 41</td></tr><tr><td>SSTAXRAT</td><td>percentage of social security taxable if over maximum</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 24, Line 41 (Line D of worksheet)</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 3, Line 20A</td></tr><tr><td>CTTCINCR</td><td>number of the income bracket where the personal tax credit moves from the first increment change to the second increment change (currently the same for all filing statuses, but will need to adjust if this changes)</td><td style="text-align:left">12.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>CTTC1</td><td>personal tax credit brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">19300 19800 20300 20800 21300 21800 22300 25000 25500 26000 26500 31300 31800 32300 32800 33300 60000 60500 61000 61500 62000 62500 63000 63500 64000 64500</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>CTTC2</td><td>personal tax credit brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30500 31000 31500 32000 32500 33000 33500 40000 40500 41000 41500 50000 50500 51000 51500 52000 96000 96500 97000 97500 98000 98500 99000 99500 100000 100500</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>CTTC4</td><td>personal tax credit brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">24500 25000 25500 26000 26500 27000 27500 34000 34500 35000 35500 44000 44500 45000 45500 46000 74000 74500 75000 75500 76000 76500 77000 77500 78000 78500</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr><tr><td>CTPENRAT</td><td>percentage of pension and annuity income allowed to be deducted for state AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 10, Subtraction Modification of Pension and Annuity Income and Line 48b</td></tr><tr><td>CTPENLIM1</td><td>federal AGI limit to deduct pension and annuity income for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 10, Subtraction Modification of Pension and Annuity Income and Line 48b</td></tr><tr><td>CTPENLIM2</td><td>federal AGI limit to deduct pension and annuity income for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 10, Subtraction Modification of Pension and Annuity Income and Line 48b</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-10">DE</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Delaware State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PENEXU60</td><td>maximum pension exclusion for individuals under age 60</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 6, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>PENEXO60</td><td>maximum pension exclusion for individuals age 60 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">12500.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 6, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>MAXEARN1</td><td>maximum earned income for joint filers to qualify for exclusion for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>MAXEARN2</td><td>maximum earned income for single filers to qualify for exclusion for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>MAXINC1</td><td>maximum income for joint filers to qualify for exclusion for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>MAXINC2</td><td>maximum income for single filers to qualify for exclusion for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>DISEX1</td><td>exclusion amount for individuals age 60 and over or disabled for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>DISEX2</td><td>exclusion amount for individuals age 60 and over or disabled for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td style="text-align:left">initial standard deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3250.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 19a</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td style="text-align:left">initial standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6500.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 19a</td></tr><tr><td>STD3</td><td>additional standard deduction for individuals over 65 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 20</td></tr><tr><td>PCAMT</td><td>personal credit and additional personal credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">110.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 26a</td></tr><tr><td>CCRATE</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowed as a state child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 9, Line 30</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCC</td><td>maximum state child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, Line 30, pg 10</td></tr><tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percent of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit (non-refundable)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 10, Line 33</td></tr><tr><td>EICRATE2</td><td>percent of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit (refundable)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.045</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 10, Line 33</td></tr><tr><td>TCUTDEL</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 2000 5000 10000 20000 25000 60000 10000000</td><td><a href="https://revenue.delaware.gov/software-developer/tax-rate-changes/">https://revenue.delaware.gov/software-developer/tax-rate-changes/</a></td></tr><tr><td>TAXRATDE</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.022 0.039 0.048 0.052 0.0555 0.066</td><td><a href="https://revenue.delaware.gov/software-developer/tax-rate-changes/">https://revenue.delaware.gov/software-developer/tax-rate-changes/</a></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-11">DC</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>DC State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>DCSTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr><tr><td>DCSTD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr><tr><td>DCSTD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr><tr><td>DC65STD1</td><td>additional standard deduction for filers 65 years or older for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr><tr><td>DC65STD2</td><td>additional standard deduction for filers 65 years or older for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr><tr><td>DCITMCUT</td><td>maximum district AGI for full itemized deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 17, Calculation F, Line f</td></tr><tr><td>DCITMPCT</td><td>percentage of district AGI to reduce itemized deductions for filers with district AGI above DCITMCUT</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 17, Calculation F, Line I</td></tr><tr><td>CCCPCT</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowed as a district child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.32</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 18, Line 21</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a district earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.7</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr><tr><td>EICTOP</td><td>maximum earned income or federal AGI for filers without a qualifying child for the district earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">28963.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Note for Section C</td></tr><tr><td>EICCUT</td><td>minimum earned income to claim the full amount of the earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">7843.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 2 of Section C</td></tr><tr><td>EICMAX</td><td>maximum earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 2 of Section C</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT2</td><td>percentage of earned income to determine earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0765</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 2 of Section C</td></tr><tr><td>EICTST</td><td>maximum federal AGI or earned income before reduction in earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">21888.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 5 of Section C</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT3</td><td>percentage to calculate reduction in earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0848</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 7 of Section C</td></tr><tr><td>MAXDIS</td><td>amount used to reduce excludable disability income</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-2440 Instructions, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>DIS100</td><td>maximum yearly disability income exclusion (mutliply weekly amount by 52 weeks)</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-2440 Instructions, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>DCTXCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10000 40000 60000 250000 500000 1000000 100000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, Reminders, p. 3. Also, refer to https://otr.cfo.dc.gov/page/dc-individual-and-fiduciary-income-tax-rates</td></tr><tr><td>DCTXRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.040 0.060 0.065 0.085 0.0925 0.0975 .1075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, Reminders, p. 3. Also, refer to https://otr.cfo.dc.gov/page/dc-individual-and-fiduciary-income-tax-rates</td></tr><tr><td>DCDISEX</td><td>maximum income exclusion for filers totally and permanently disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, Schedule I, Line 7a</td></tr><tr><td>DCDISLIM</td><td>maximum AGI for income exclusion for filers totally and permanently disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, Schedule I, Line 7a</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-12">GA</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Georgia State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>STDDED1</td><td>standard deduction for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 11, Form 500 Instructions, Line 11a</td></tr><tr><td>STDDED2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">7100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 11, Form 500 Instructions, Line 11a</td></tr><tr><td>AGEDED</td><td>additional standard deduction for filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 11, Form 500 Instructions, Line 11a</td></tr><tr><td>EXEMP1</td><td>personal exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 12, Form 500 Instructions, Line 14a</td></tr><tr><td>EXEMP1A</td><td>personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 12, Form 500 Instructions, Line 14a</td></tr><tr><td>EXEMP2</td><td>personal exemption for each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 12, Form 500 Instructions, Line 14a</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEN</td><td>maximum retirement income exclusion for filers either 62 to 64 years old or less than 62 years old and permanently disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">35000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 14-15, Schedule 1 Subtractions</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEN65</td><td>maximum retirement income exclusion for filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">65000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 15, Schedule 1 Subtractions</td></tr><tr><td>MAXEARN</td><td>maximum amount of retirement income exclusion that can be earned income</td><td style="text-align:left">4000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 15, Schedule 1 Subtractions</td></tr><tr><td>MAXAGI</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed to claim the low income credit</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>CR1</td><td>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the lowest bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">26.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>CR2</td><td>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the second bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">20.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>CR3</td><td>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the third bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">14.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>CR4</td><td>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the fourth bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">8.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>CR5</td><td>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the highest bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">5.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>LOWCUT1</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the lowest bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>LOWCUT2</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the second bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>LOWCUT3</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the third bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>LOWCUT4</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the fourth bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>LOWCUT5</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the highest bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>CCRATE</td><td>percent of federal child and dependent care credit allowed as a state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, Form IND-CR 202, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>GACUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 750 2250 3750 5250 7000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 59, Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>GACUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 1000 3000 5000 7000 10000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 59, Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>GATRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.0575</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 59, Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>GAMILRETEARN</td><td>taxable military retirement income cutoff to receive the maximum military retirement income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">17501.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, Schedule 1 p. 3, between Line 3 and 4</td></tr><tr><td>GAMILRETAMT1</td><td>military retirement income exclusion amount if earnings are below GAMILRETEARN</td><td style="text-align:left">17500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, Schedule 1 p. 3, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>GAMILRETMAX</td><td>additional military retirement income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">35000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, Schedule 1 p. 3, Line 7</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-13">HI</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Hawaii State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 23</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 23</td></tr><tr><td>STD3</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3212.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 23</td></tr><tr><td>HIITMLIM</td><td>state AGI amount above which itemized deductions are limited</td><td style="text-align:left">166800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 19, Line 22</td></tr><tr><td>HIITMPCT1</td><td>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 32, Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>HIITMPCT2</td><td>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instruction, p. 32, Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>HIITMST1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim deduction for state and local taxes for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 16, Line 21b, Taxes</td></tr><tr><td>HIITMST2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim deduction for state and local taxes for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 16, Line 21b, Taxes</td></tr><tr><td>HIITMST4</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim deduction for state and local taxes for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 16, Line 21b, Taxes</td></tr><tr><td>PEREXAMT</td><td>personal exemption for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">1144.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td></tr><tr><td>DISEXAMT1</td><td>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled for one individual of any filing status (cannot claim regular exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">7000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td></tr><tr><td>DISEXAMT2</td><td>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled with a spouse who is not disabled and under 65 (cannot claim regular exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">8144.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td></tr><tr><td>DISEXAMT3</td><td>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled with a spouse who is not disabled and over 65 (cannot claim regular exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">9288.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td></tr><tr><td>DISEXAMT4</td><td>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled for joint filers who are both disabled (cannot claim regular exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">14000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td></tr><tr><td>MAXLCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable food/excise tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 21, Line 28</td></tr><tr><td>MAXLCUT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable food/excise tax credit for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 21, Line 29</td></tr><tr><td>MAXEXPC1</td><td>maximum child care expenses that can be claimed for the child and dependent care expense credit for one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Part II, Section B, Line 17</td></tr><tr><td>MAXEXPC2</td><td>maximum child care expenses that can be claimed for the child and dependent care expense credit for two or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Part II, Section B, Line 17</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT11</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the lowest bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">220.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT12</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the second bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT13</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the third bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">170.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT14</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the fourth bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">140.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT15</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the highest bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">110.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICUT11</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the lowest bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICUT12</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the second bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICUT13</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the third bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICUT14</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the fourth bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT21</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the lowest bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">220.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT22</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the second bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT23</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the third bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">170.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT24</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the fourth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">140.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT25</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the fifth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">110.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT26</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the sixth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">90.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICAMT27</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the highest bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">70.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICUT21</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the lowest bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICUT22</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the second bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICUT23</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the third bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICUT24</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the fourth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICUT25</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the fifth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LICUT26</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the sixth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>MAXRCUT</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim low-income household renters credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 21, Line 29</td></tr><tr><td>LIRAMT</td><td>amount for each exemption for the credit for low-income household renters</td><td style="text-align:left">50.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Part I, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule CR, p. 5, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>HITCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 2400 4800 9600 14400 19200 24000 36000 48000 150000 175000 200000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 36, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule I</td></tr><tr><td>HITCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 4800 9600 19200 28800 38400 48000 72000 96000 300000 350000 400000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 36, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule II</td></tr><tr><td>HITCUT3</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 3600 7200 14400 21600 28800 36000 54000 72000 225000 262500 300000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 36, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule III</td></tr><tr><td>HITRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.014 0.032 0.055 0.064 0.068 0.072 0.076 0.079 0.0825 0.09 0.10 0.11</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 42, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule I, II, and III</td></tr><tr><td>HICCUT</td><td>state AGI thresholds to determine child and dependent care expense credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 50000 10000000</td><td>Schedule X, Part II, Section C, Line 27</td></tr><tr><td>HICRAT</td><td>percentages for the child and dependent care expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20 0.15</td><td>Schedule X, Part II, Section C, Line 27</td></tr><tr><td>HIMOOPRAT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of state AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 15, Line 21a</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-14">ID</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Idaho State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, Line 16 </td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>ADDSTD1</td><td>additional standard deduction for single or head of household filers over 65 years old and/or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 9, Line 17 Standard Deduction Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>ADDSTD2</td><td>additional standard deduction for joint filers over 65 years old and/or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 9, Line 17 Standard Deduction Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCC1</td><td>maximum child care expense deduction allowed for one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 30, Line 6, Child and Dependent Care Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCC2</td><td>maximum child care expense deduction allowed for two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 30, Line 6, Child and Dependent Care Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>GRCRD1</td><td>amount of grocery credit for filers with income over $1,000</td><td style="text-align:left">120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 2, What&#039;s New for 2023 and p. 11, Line 43</td></tr><tr><td>GRCRD2</td><td>amount of grocery credit for filers with income under $1,000</td><td style="text-align:left">120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 2, What&#039;s New for 2023 and p. 11, Line 43</td></tr><tr><td>GRCRD65</td><td>additional credit amount for heads or spouses age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">20.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 11, Line 43</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEN1</td><td>maximum allowable retirement benefits deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">43524.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 39R, Part B, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEN2</td><td>maximum allowable retirement benefits deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">65286.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 39R, Part B, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>IDCTC</td><td>child tax credit amount per qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">205.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 10, Form 40, Line 25, Worksheet Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>IDTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 4489 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual income tax rate schedule</td></tr><tr><td>IDTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 8978 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual income tax rate schedule</td></tr><tr><td>IDTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.058</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual income tax rate schedule</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-15">IL</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Illinois State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PERSEX1</td><td>personal exemption amount</td><td style="text-align:left">2425.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10a</td></tr><tr><td>PERSEX2</td><td>additional exemption amount for people 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10b</td></tr><tr><td>EXLIM1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for personal exemption amount for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">250000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10d</td></tr><tr><td>EXLIM2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for personal exemption amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">500000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10d</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule IL-E/EIC, Step 4, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>ILTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0495</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IL-1040, Step 5, Line 12</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-16">IN</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Indiana State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PEAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 24, Schedule 3, Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>ADDKIDX</td><td>additional exemption for each dependent child</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 26, Additional Dependent Exemptions</td></tr><tr><td>ADDKIDXFIRST</td><td>additional exemption for dependent children in the first taxable year in which the exemption is allowable for the child</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 26, Additional Dependent Exemptions</td></tr><tr><td>ADEXAMT1</td><td>additional exemption for persons aged 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 25, Schedule 3, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>ADEXAMT2</td><td>additional exemption for persons aged 65 or older with federal AGI under maximum</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 25, Schedule 3, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>MAXAGIX</td><td>maximum federal AGI for additional exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 25, Schedule 3, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>MAXUAMT</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the unified tax credit for the elderly</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>MAXMIL</td><td>maximum military service income deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 18, Schedule 2, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>MILPNADD</td><td>additional percentage of military retirement income deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 22, Schedule 2, Line 11, Deduction 632</td></tr><tr><td>MAXFEDR</td><td>maximum amount of civil service annuity deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">16000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Schedule 2, Line 11, Deduction 601</td></tr><tr><td>INCUC1</td><td>unemployment insurance compensation amount for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>INCUC2</td><td>unemployment insurance compensation amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>UIRATE</td><td>unemployment insurance compensation rate applied to federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>EICRAT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 3 and p. 31, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>MAXDIS</td><td>maximum federal AGI for disability deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-2440, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>DIS100</td><td>maximum weekly disability payments multiplied by 52 weeks</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-2440, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>INTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0315</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>CNTTAXRT</td><td>population-weighted average county income tax rate (local income tax rate varies by county)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.01711</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule CT-40, County Tax Schedule (refer to the &quot;IN local&quot; sheet for calculation)</td></tr><tr><td>INUNCCT1</td><td>federal AGI brackets for unified tax credit for the elderly for joint filers, both 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 3000 10000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 5, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INUNCAM1</td><td>credit amounts for unified tax credit for the elderly for joint filers, both 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">140 90 80</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 5, Table A</td></tr><tr><td>INUNCCT2</td><td>federal AGI brackets for unified tax credit for the elderly for single or head of household filers 65 years and older or joint filers with only one 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 3000 10000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 4, Table B</td></tr><tr><td>INUNCAM2</td><td>credit amounts for unified tax credit for the elderly for single or head of household filers 65 years and older or joint filers with only one 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">100 50 40</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 4, Table B</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-17">IN local</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="5" style="text-align:left"><strong>Calculation of Population-Weighted Average Local Income Tax Rate in Indiana</strong></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>County Code</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>County Name</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 County Resident Rate</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Population Count</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Weighted Average</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>1.0</td><td>Adams</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01618</td><td>35,544</td><td>575</td></tr><tr><td>2.0</td><td>Allen</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0148</td><td>375,520</td><td>5558</td></tr><tr><td>3.0</td><td>Bartholomew</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>83,280</td><td>1457</td></tr><tr><td>4.0</td><td>Benton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0179</td><td>8,695</td><td>156</td></tr><tr><td>5.0</td><td>Blackford</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>11,926</td><td>179</td></tr><tr><td>6.0</td><td>Boone</td><td style="text-align:right">0.017</td><td>66,875</td><td>1137</td></tr><tr><td>7.0</td><td>Brown</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025234</td><td>15,093</td><td>381</td></tr><tr><td>8.0</td><td>Carroll</td><td style="text-align:right">0.022733</td><td>20,137</td><td>458</td></tr><tr><td>9.0</td><td>Cass</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0295</td><td>37,727</td><td>1113</td></tr><tr><td>10.0</td><td>Clark</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td>117,410</td><td>2348</td></tr><tr><td>11.0</td><td>Clay</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0235</td><td>26,231</td><td>616</td></tr><tr><td>12.0</td><td>Clinton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025</td><td>32,186</td><td>805</td></tr><tr><td>13.0</td><td>Crawford</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td>10,582</td><td>106</td></tr><tr><td>14.0</td><td>Daviess</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>33,277</td><td>499</td></tr><tr><td>15.0</td><td>Dearborn</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0125</td><td>49,612</td><td>620</td></tr><tr><td>16.0</td><td>Decatur</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025</td><td>26,587</td><td>665</td></tr><tr><td>17.0</td><td>DeKalb</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0213</td><td>43,193</td><td>920</td></tr><tr><td>18.0</td><td>Delaware</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>114,461</td><td>1717</td></tr><tr><td>19.0</td><td>Dubois</td><td style="text-align:right">0.012</td><td>42,534</td><td>510</td></tr><tr><td>20.0</td><td>Elkhart</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td>205,184</td><td>4104</td></tr><tr><td>21.0</td><td>Fayette</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0257</td><td>23,068</td><td>593</td></tr><tr><td>22.0</td><td>Floyd</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0135</td><td>77,879</td><td>1051</td></tr><tr><td>23.0</td><td>Fountain</td><td style="text-align:right">0.021</td><td>16,456</td><td>346</td></tr><tr><td>24.0</td><td>Franklin</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>22,750</td><td>341</td></tr><tr><td>25.0</td><td>Fulton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0268</td><td>20,069</td><td>538</td></tr><tr><td>26.0</td><td>Gibson</td><td style="text-align:right">0.009</td><td>33,711</td><td>303</td></tr><tr><td>27.0</td><td>Grant</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0255</td><td>66,055</td><td>1684</td></tr><tr><td>28.0</td><td>Greene</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0215</td><td>32,174</td><td>692</td></tr><tr><td>29.0</td><td>Hamilton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.011</td><td>330,455</td><td>3635</td></tr><tr><td>30.0</td><td>Hancock</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0194</td><td>76,614</td><td>1486</td></tr><tr><td>31.0</td><td>Harrison</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td>40,164</td><td>402</td></tr><tr><td>32.0</td><td>Hendricks</td><td style="text-align:right">0.017</td><td>166,806</td><td>2836</td></tr><tr><td>33.0</td><td>Henry</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01725</td><td>48,158</td><td>831</td></tr><tr><td>34.0</td><td>Howard</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>82,486</td><td>1444</td></tr><tr><td>35.0</td><td>Huntington</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0195</td><td>36,351</td><td>709</td></tr><tr><td>36.0</td><td>Jackson</td><td style="text-align:right">0.021</td><td>44,077</td><td>926</td></tr><tr><td>37.0</td><td>Jasper</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02864</td><td>33,433</td><td>958</td></tr><tr><td>38.0</td><td>Jay</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0245</td><td>20,697</td><td>507</td></tr><tr><td>39.0</td><td>Jefferson</td><td style="text-align:right">0.009</td><td>32,167</td><td>290</td></tr><tr><td>40.0</td><td>Jennings</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025</td><td>27,639</td><td>691</td></tr><tr><td>41.0</td><td>Johnson</td><td style="text-align:right">0.014</td><td>156,148</td><td>2186</td></tr><tr><td>42.0</td><td>Knox</td><td style="text-align:right">0.017</td><td>36,833</td><td>626</td></tr><tr><td>43.0</td><td>Kosciusko</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td>79,156</td><td>792</td></tr><tr><td>44.0</td><td>LaGrange</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0165</td><td>39,537</td><td>652</td></tr><tr><td>45.0</td><td>Lake</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>485,983</td><td>7290</td></tr><tr><td>46.0</td><td>LaPorte</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0145</td><td>110,026</td><td>1595</td></tr><tr><td>47.0</td><td>Lawrence</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>45,552</td><td>797</td></tr><tr><td>48.0</td><td>Madison</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0225</td><td>129,486</td><td>2913</td></tr><tr><td>49.0</td><td>Marion</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0202</td><td>957,337</td><td>19338</td></tr><tr><td>50.0</td><td>Marshall</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0125</td><td>46,336</td><td>579</td></tr><tr><td>51.0</td><td>Martin</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025</td><td>10,169</td><td>254</td></tr><tr><td>52.0</td><td>Miami</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0254</td><td>35,684</td><td>906</td></tr><tr><td>53.0</td><td>Monroe</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02035</td><td>147,318</td><td>2998</td></tr><tr><td>54.0</td><td>Montgomery</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0265</td><td>38,295</td><td>1015</td></tr><tr><td>55.0</td><td>Morgan</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0272</td><td>70,141</td><td>1908</td></tr><tr><td>56.0</td><td>Newton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td>13,981</td><td>140</td></tr><tr><td>57.0</td><td>Noble</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>47,640</td><td>834</td></tr><tr><td>58.0</td><td>Ohio</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>5,890</td><td>88</td></tr><tr><td>59.0</td><td>Orange</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>19,552</td><td>342</td></tr><tr><td>60.0</td><td>Owen</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025</td><td>20,854</td><td>521</td></tr><tr><td>61.0</td><td>Parke</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0265</td><td>16,912</td><td>448</td></tr><tr><td>62.0</td><td>Perry</td><td style="text-align:right">0.014</td><td>19,091</td><td>267</td></tr><tr><td>63.0</td><td>Pike</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0075</td><td>12,364</td><td>93</td></tr><tr><td>64.0</td><td>Porter</td><td style="text-align:right">0.005</td><td>169,482</td><td>847</td></tr><tr><td>65.0</td><td>Posey</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0125</td><td>25,480</td><td>319</td></tr><tr><td>66.0</td><td>Pulaski</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0285</td><td>12,482</td><td>356</td></tr><tr><td>67.0</td><td>Putnam</td><td style="text-align:right">0.021</td><td>37,419</td><td>786</td></tr><tr><td>68.0</td><td>Randolph</td><td style="text-align:right">0.03</td><td>24,694</td><td>741</td></tr><tr><td>69.0</td><td>Ripley</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0138</td><td>28,457</td><td>393</td></tr><tr><td>70.0</td><td>Rush</td><td style="text-align:right">0.021</td><td>16,632</td><td>349</td></tr><tr><td>71.0</td><td>St. Joseph</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>270,881</td><td>4740</td></tr><tr><td>72.0</td><td>Scott</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0216</td><td>23,785</td><td>514</td></tr><tr><td>73.0</td><td>Shelby</td><td style="text-align:right">0.016</td><td>44,559</td><td>713</td></tr><tr><td>74.0</td><td>Spencer</td><td style="text-align:right">0.008</td><td>20,364</td><td>163</td></tr><tr><td>75.0</td><td>Starke</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0171</td><td>22,996</td><td>393</td></tr><tr><td>76.0</td><td>Steuben</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0179</td><td>34,591</td><td>619</td></tr><tr><td>77.0</td><td>Sullivan</td><td style="text-align:right">0.017</td><td>20,647</td><td>351</td></tr><tr><td>78.0</td><td>Switzerland</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0125</td><td>10,727</td><td>134</td></tr><tr><td>79.0</td><td>Tippecanoe</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0128</td><td>193,302</td><td>2474</td></tr><tr><td>80.0</td><td>Tipton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.026</td><td>15,154</td><td>394</td></tr><tr><td>81.0</td><td>Union</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td>7,140</td><td>143</td></tr><tr><td>82.0</td><td>Vanderburgh</td><td style="text-align:right">0.012125</td><td>181,548</td><td>2201</td></tr><tr><td>83.0</td><td>Vermillion</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>15,485</td><td>232</td></tr><tr><td>84.0</td><td>Vigo</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td>107,305</td><td>2146</td></tr><tr><td>85.0</td><td>Wabash</td><td style="text-align:right">0.029</td><td>31,198</td><td>905</td></tr><tr><td>86.0</td><td>Warren</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0212</td><td>8,219</td><td>174</td></tr><tr><td>87.0</td><td>Warrick</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td>62,608</td><td>626</td></tr><tr><td>88.0</td><td>Washington</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td>27,942</td><td>559</td></tr><tr><td>89.0</td><td>Wayne</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0125</td><td>66,176</td><td>827</td></tr><tr><td>90.0</td><td>Wells</td><td style="text-align:right">0.021</td><td>28,010</td><td>588</td></tr><tr><td>91.0</td><td>White</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0232</td><td>24,163</td><td>561</td></tr><tr><td>92.0</td><td>Whitley</td><td style="text-align:right">0.016829</td><td>33,899</td><td>570</td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Mean</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.01836</td><td></td><td>0.01711</td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Median</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.01750</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Minimum</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.005</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Maximum</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.03</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-18">IA</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Iowa State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>EXCRAMT1</td><td>personal exemption credit</td><td style="text-align:left">40.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 8, Step 3a</td></tr><tr><td>EXCRAMT2</td><td>additional personal exemption credit for age 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">20.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 9, Step 3a</td></tr><tr><td>MINFEDD1</td><td>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a single filer</td><td style="text-align:left">9000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td></tr><tr><td>MINFEDD2</td><td>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a joint or head of household filer</td><td style="text-align:left">13500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td></tr><tr><td>MINFOLD1</td><td>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a single filer age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td></tr><tr><td>MINFOLD2</td><td>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a joint or head of household filer age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td></tr><tr><td>IADISAG1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for disability exclusion for single and head of household filers if retired, under 65 years old, and disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">20200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IA 2440</td></tr><tr><td>IADISAG2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for disability exclusion for joint filers if both spouses are retired, under 65 years old, and disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">25400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IA 2440</td></tr><tr><td>MXDISINC</td><td>amount used to calculation reduction in disability exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IA 2440, Line 4b</td></tr><tr><td>MXDISAMT</td><td>maximum yearly disability exclusion (weekly amount multiplied by 52 weeks)</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IA 2440, Line 2a</td></tr><tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 49, Step 6, Line 25</td></tr><tr><td>MAXALTC1</td><td>amount used in calculation of state tax liability for filers under 65 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">13500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p.13, Iowa tax from tax rate schedule or alternate tax, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>MAXALTC2</td><td>amount used in calculation of state tax liability for filers age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p.13, Iowa tax from tax rate schedule or alternate tax, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>ALTCADJ</td><td>percentage used in calculation of state tax liability</td><td style="text-align:left">0.06</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p.13, Iowa tax from tax rate schedule or alternate tax, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>IATCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td>0 6000 30000 75000 10000000</td><td>Tax rates 2023</td></tr><tr><td>IATRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.044 0.0482 0.0570 0.060</td><td>Tax rates 2023</td></tr><tr><td>IACCPCT</td><td>percentage of child care expenses claimable as a credit based on federal total income brackets for the child and dependent care credit or early childhood development tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.75 0.65 0.55 0.50 0.40 0.30</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 48, Step 6, Line 24</td></tr><tr><td>IACCCUT</td><td>federal total income brackets for the child and dependent care credit or early childhood development tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">10000 20000 25000 35000 40000 90000</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 48, Step 6, Line 24</td></tr><tr><td>IASDRAT</td><td>population-weighted average school district income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03009</td><td>Iowa surtax rates (refer to the &quot;IA local&quot; sheet for calculation)</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-19">IA local</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="5" style="text-align:left"><strong>Calculation of Population-Weighted Average Local Income Tax Rate in Iowa</strong></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>District ID</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>School District Name</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Local Surtax</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2022 Population Count (from SAIPE)</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Weighted Average</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03060</td><td>AGWSR Community School District</td><td>0.14</td><td>4,357</td><td>609.98</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04080</td><td>AHSTW Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>4,917</td><td>147.51</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03090</td><td>Adair-Casey Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>1,972</td><td>157.76</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03150</td><td>Adel-De Soto-Minburn Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>11,104</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03220</td><td>Akron-Westfield Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,142</td><td>125.68</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00031</td><td>Albert City-Truesdale Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,339</td><td>13.39</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03270</td><td>Albia Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>6,815</td><td>204.45</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03300</td><td>Alburnett Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>3,205</td><td>96.15</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00032</td><td>Alden Community School District</td><td>0.11</td><td>1,432</td><td>157.52</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03360</td><td>Algona Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>9,630</td><td>577.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03390</td><td>Allamakee Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>8,425</td><td>674.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03480</td><td>Alta-Aurelia Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>4,675</td><td>420.75</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03540</td><td>Ames Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>62,997</td><td>1,889.91</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03570</td><td>Anamosa Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>9,607</td><td>576.42</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03630</td><td>Andrew Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>1,552</td><td>31.04</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03690</td><td>Ankeny Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>73,778</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03750</td><td>Aplington-Parkersburg Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>4,552</td><td>182.08</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03780</td><td>Ar-We-Va Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,971</td><td>98.55</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03930</td><td>Atlantic Community School District</td><td>0.12</td><td>8,300</td><td>996.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03960</td><td>Audubon Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>3,261</td><td>260.88</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04440</td><td>BCLUW Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>3,150</td><td>157.50</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04200</td><td>Ballard Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>8,565</td><td>171.30</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04380</td><td>Baxter Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>1,885</td><td>169.65</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04560</td><td>Bedford Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>3,159</td><td>252.72</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04620</td><td>Belle Plaine Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,314</td><td>66.28</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04650</td><td>Bellevue Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>4,601</td><td>230.05</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04680</td><td>Belmond-Klemme Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>4,137</td><td>124.11</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04740</td><td>Bennett Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,237</td><td>12.37</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04830</td><td>Benton Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>9,319</td><td>372.76</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04860</td><td>Bettendorf Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>23,767</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">05070</td><td>Bondurant-Farrar Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>10,072</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">05130</td><td>Boone Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>14,228</td><td>142.28</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">05190</td><td>Boyden-Hull Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>4,403</td><td>88.06</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">09570</td><td>Boyer Valley Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,528</td><td>151.68</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">05490</td><td>Brooklyn-Guernsey-Malcom Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,308</td><td>66.16</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">05790</td><td>Burlington Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>27,753</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">05940</td><td>CAM Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>2,893</td><td>289.30</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">05970</td><td>Cal Community School District</td><td>0.11</td><td>1,417</td><td>155.87</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06000</td><td>Calamus-Wheatland Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,389</td><td>143.34</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06060</td><td>Camanche Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>5,455</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06240</td><td>Cardinal Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,529</td><td>247.03</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06270</td><td>Carlisle Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>9,487</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06330</td><td>Carroll Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>14,342</td><td>430.26</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06510</td><td>Cedar Falls Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>42,041</td><td>420.41</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06540</td><td>Cedar Rapids Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>125,401</td><td>6,270.05</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06660</td><td>Center Point-Urbana Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>6,191</td><td>185.73</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06750</td><td>Centerville Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>8,458</td><td>422.90</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06780</td><td>Central City Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>2,746</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06840</td><td>Central Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>3,135</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06810</td><td>Central DeWitt Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>9,275</td><td>649.25</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06900</td><td>Central Decatur Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,971</td><td>39.71</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06930</td><td>Central Lee Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>4,863</td><td>145.89</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">06960</td><td>Central Lyon Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>4,595</td><td>183.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20760</td><td>Central Springs Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>5,220</td><td>365.40</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07050</td><td>Chariton Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>8,186</td><td>163.72</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07080</td><td>Charles City Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>10,772</td><td>754.04</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07110</td><td>Charter Oak-Ute Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>1,714</td><td>34.28</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07170</td><td>Cherokee Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>6,368</td><td>191.04</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07350</td><td>Clarinda Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>7,235</td><td>217.05</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07380</td><td>Clarion-Goldfield-Dows Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>5,467</td><td>437.36</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07410</td><td>Clarke Community School District</td><td>0.17</td><td>8,251</td><td>1,402.67</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07440</td><td>Clarksville Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>1,962</td><td>58.86</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07470</td><td>Clay Central-Everly Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>2,190</td><td>21.90</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13350</td><td>Clayton Ridge Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>4,908</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07590</td><td>Clear Creek-Amana Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>17,652</td><td>1,765.20</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07620</td><td>Clear Lake Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>8,306</td><td>332.24</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07710</td><td>Clinton Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>23,974</td><td>719.22</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00009</td><td>Colfax-Mingo Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>4,569</td><td>91.38</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07860</td><td>College Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>28,826</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07900</td><td>Collins-Maxwell Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,844</td><td>113.76</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07920</td><td>Colo-Nesco Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>3,040</td><td>152.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">07980</td><td>Columbus Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>4,171</td><td>417.10</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08070</td><td>Coon Rapids-Bayard Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,536</td><td>177.52</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08130</td><td>Corning Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,682</td><td>187.74</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08220</td><td>Council Bluffs Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>58,592</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08310</td><td>Creston Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>9,707</td><td>776.56</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08520</td><td>Dallas Center-Grimes Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>16,218</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08550</td><td>Danville Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,737</td><td>191.59</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08580</td><td>Davenport Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>107,709</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08610</td><td>Davis County Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>8,916</td><td>89.16</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08730</td><td>Decorah Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>13,091</td><td>785.46</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08880</td><td>Delwood Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>1,145</td><td>103.05</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08910</td><td>Denison Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>10,119</td><td>303.57</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08940</td><td>Denver Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>4,113</td><td>164.52</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">08970</td><td>Des Moines Independent Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>216,456</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">09060</td><td>Diagonal Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>712</td><td>56.96</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">09120</td><td>Dike-New Hartford Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>4,313</td><td>301.91</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">09480</td><td>Dubuque Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>79,365</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">09540</td><td>Dunkerton Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>2,340</td><td>117.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">09600</td><td>Durant Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,991</td><td>209.37</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">09990</td><td>Eagle Grove Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>4,690</td><td>46.90</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">10050</td><td>Earlham Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>3,133</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">10110</td><td>East Buchanan Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,030</td><td>212.10</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00040</td><td>East Marshall Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>3,715</td><td>334.35</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18240</td><td>East Mills Community School District</td><td>0.20</td><td>3,243</td><td>648.60</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">29580</td><td>East Sac County Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>5,675</td><td>56.75</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">10350</td><td>East Union Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>2,918</td><td>291.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">10410</td><td>Eastern Allamakee Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,620</td><td>157.20</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">10130</td><td>Easton Valley Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,705</td><td>148.20</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">04950</td><td>Eddyville-Blakesburg-Fremont Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>5,032</td><td>251.60</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">10500</td><td>Edgewood-Colesburg Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,984</td><td>119.36</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">10690</td><td>Eldora-New Providence Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,741</td><td>74.82</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">10950</td><td>Emmetsburg Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>4,640</td><td>324.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">10980</td><td>English Valleys Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>2,951</td><td>236.08</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">11040</td><td>Essex Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>1,194</td><td>107.46</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">11070</td><td>Estherville Lincoln Central Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>7,406</td><td>666.54</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">11250</td><td>Exira-Elk Horn-Kimballton Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>3,063</td><td>153.15</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">11340</td><td>Fairfield Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>14,498</td><td>144.98</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">11790</td><td>Forest City Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>7,463</td><td>597.04</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">11820</td><td>Fort Dodge Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>28,843</td><td>576.86</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">11850</td><td>Fort Madison Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>16,122</td><td>483.66</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">12120</td><td>Fremont-Mills Community School District</td><td>0.18</td><td>2,255</td><td>405.90</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00060</td><td>GMG Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>1,695</td><td>135.60</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">12230</td><td>Galva-Holstein Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>2,633</td><td>263.30</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">12330</td><td>Garner-Hayfield-Ventura Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>5,699</td><td>113.98</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">12480</td><td>George-Little Rock Community School District</td><td>0.16</td><td>2,594</td><td>415.04</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">12510</td><td>Gilbert Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>8,079</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">12600</td><td>Gilmore City-Bradgate Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>896</td><td>44.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">12660</td><td>Gladbrook-Reinbeck Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,972</td><td>79.44</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">12690</td><td>Glenwood Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>10,709</td><td>963.81</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">12750</td><td>Glidden-Ralston Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,861</td><td>18.61</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">12810</td><td>Graettinger-Terril Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,279</td><td>91.16</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">15210</td><td>Greene County Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>7,419</td><td>667.71</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13200</td><td>Grinnell-Newburg Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>12,281</td><td>245.62</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13230</td><td>Griswold Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,085</td><td>30.85</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13290</td><td>Grundy Center Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,854</td><td>250.51</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13320</td><td>Guthrie Center Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,587</td><td>181.09</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13380</td><td>H-L-V Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>2,029</td><td>40.58</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13440</td><td>Hamburg Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>1,270</td><td>50.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13470</td><td>Hampton-Dumont Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>6,618</td><td>198.54</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13500</td><td>Harlan Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>8,266</td><td>578.62</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">16140</td><td>Harris-Lake Park Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>1,900</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13660</td><td>Hartley-Melvin-Sanborn Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>4,415</td><td>132.45</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14010</td><td>Highland Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,951</td><td>79.02</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14160</td><td>Hinton Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,024</td><td>211.68</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14280</td><td>Howard-Winneshiek Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>9,024</td><td>541.44</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14310</td><td>Hubbard-Radcliffe Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>2,685</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14340</td><td>Hudson Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,771</td><td>75.42</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14370</td><td>Humboldt Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>7,477</td><td>149.54</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14880</td><td>IKM-Manning Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>4,292</td><td>214.60</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14580</td><td>Independence Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>9,106</td><td>546.36</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14640</td><td>Indianola Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>21,877</td><td>1,093.85</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14670</td><td>Interstate 35 Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>4,919</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14700</td><td>Iowa City Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>123,524</td><td>4,940.96</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14730</td><td>Iowa Falls Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>6,517</td><td>456.19</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">14850</td><td>Iowa Valley Community School District</td><td>0.12</td><td>3,515</td><td>421.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">15180</td><td>Janesville Consolidated School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,531</td><td>151.86</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">15330</td><td>Jesup Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>5,148</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">15450</td><td>Johnston Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>39,795</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">15630</td><td>Keokuk Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>11,617</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">15660</td><td>Keota Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>1,894</td><td>56.82</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">15750</td><td>Kingsley-Pierson Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,499</td><td>99.96</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">15840</td><td>Knoxville Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>11,564</td><td>809.48</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">16110</td><td>Lake Mills Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,793</td><td>75.86</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">16320</td><td>Lamoni Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>2,665</td><td>133.25</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">16420</td><td>Laurens-Marathon Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>2,035</td><td>203.50</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">16440</td><td>Lawton-Bronson Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,294</td><td>32.94</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">16530</td><td>Le Mars Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>14,134</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">16620</td><td>Lenox Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>2,226</td><td>44.52</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">16680</td><td>Lewis Central Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>16,447</td><td>328.94</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">17220</td><td>Linn-Mar Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>42,498</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">17250</td><td>Lisbon Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,397</td><td>67.94</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">17460</td><td>Logan-Magnolia Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,987</td><td>209.09</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">17550</td><td>Lone Tree Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>2,377</td><td>190.16</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">17820</td><td>Louisa-Muscatine Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>3,951</td><td>316.08</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">17880</td><td>Lu Verne Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>1,377</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18030</td><td>Lynnville-Sully Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,861</td><td>171.66</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18120</td><td>MFL MarMac Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>5,149</td><td>514.90</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18840</td><td>MOC-Floyd Valley Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>11,117</td><td>222.34</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18180</td><td>Madrid Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,856</td><td>154.24</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18330</td><td>Manson Northwest Webster Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>3,977</td><td>238.62</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18480</td><td>Maple Valley-Anthon Oto Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,819</td><td>38.19</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18510</td><td>Maquoketa Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>8,867</td><td>709.36</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18540</td><td>Maquoketa Valley Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>4,633</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18630</td><td>Marcus-Meriden-Cleghorn Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>2,739</td><td>219.12</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18690</td><td>Marion Independent School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>12,914</td><td>516.56</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18720</td><td>Marshalltown Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>30,208</td><td>302.08</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18750</td><td>Martensdale-St. Marys Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,078</td><td>30.78</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18780</td><td>Mason City Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>27,867</td><td>278.67</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18930</td><td>Mediapolis Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>4,930</td><td>345.10</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">18960</td><td>Melcher-Dallas Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,845</td><td>18.45</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19140</td><td>Mid-Prairie Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>9,636</td><td>867.24</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19200</td><td>Midland Community School District</td><td>0.12</td><td>3,463</td><td>415.56</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19440</td><td>Missouri Valley Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>5,184</td><td>51.84</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19590</td><td>Montezuma Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>3,123</td><td>249.84</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19650</td><td>Monticello Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>6,659</td><td>399.54</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19710</td><td>Moravia Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>2,095</td><td>104.75</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19740</td><td>Mormon Trail Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>1,585</td><td>158.50</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19770</td><td>Morning Sun Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>1,178</td><td>82.46</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19800</td><td>Moulton-Udell Community School District</td><td>0.11</td><td>1,430</td><td>157.30</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19860</td><td>Mount Ayr Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>3,903</td><td>234.18</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">19890</td><td>Mount Pleasant Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>13,490</td><td>674.50</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20040</td><td>Mount Vernon Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>6,517</td><td>325.85</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20100</td><td>Murray Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>1,609</td><td>64.36</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20130</td><td>Muscatine Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>29,032</td><td>290.32</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20190</td><td>Nashua-Plainfield Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,757</td><td>262.99</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20250</td><td>Nevada Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>8,715</td><td>435.75</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20340</td><td>New Hampton Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>6,642</td><td>398.52</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20460</td><td>New London Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>3,063</td><td>275.67</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20580</td><td>Newell-Fonda Community School District</td><td>0.11</td><td>2,425</td><td>266.75</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20610</td><td>Newton Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>21,915</td><td>1,534.05</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">13110</td><td>Nodaway Valley Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>4,269</td><td>384.21</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03450</td><td>North Butler Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,585</td><td>35.85</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">17100</td><td>North Cedar Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>5,044</td><td>504.40</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00006</td><td>North Fayette Valley Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>8,594</td><td>687.52</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">05750</td><td>North Iowa Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>2,909</td><td>72.73</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20830</td><td>North Kossuth Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>2,095</td><td>104.75</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20820</td><td>North Linn Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,464</td><td>34.64</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20850</td><td>North Mahaska Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>2,791</td><td>55.82</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20910</td><td>North Polk Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>9,165</td><td>366.60</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">20940</td><td>North Scott Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>16,090</td><td>160.90</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21000</td><td>North Tama County Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,892</td><td>115.68</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">03850</td><td>North Union Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,798</td><td>167.88</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21090</td><td>Northeast Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>2,919</td><td>262.71</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21210</td><td>Northwood-Kensett Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>3,376</td><td>168.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21240</td><td>Norwalk Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>16,058</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21600</td><td>Odebolt Arthur Battle Creek Ida Grove Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>5,614</td><td>112.28</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21630</td><td>Oelwein Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>8,329</td><td>749.61</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21660</td><td>Ogden Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,643</td><td>145.72</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00021</td><td>Okoboji Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>7,286</td><td>145.72</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21720</td><td>Olin Consolidated School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,426</td><td>14.26</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21810</td><td>Orient-Macksburg Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>1,259</td><td>125.90</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21840</td><td>Osage Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>6,008</td><td>120.16</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">21870</td><td>Oskaloosa Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>15,819</td><td>632.76</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">22110</td><td>Ottumwa Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>29,100</td><td>873.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">99017</td><td>PCM Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>5,938</td><td>296.90</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00025</td><td>Panorama Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>4,522</td><td>180.88</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">22380</td><td>Paton-Churdan Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,072</td><td>10.72</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">22440</td><td>Pekin Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,507</td><td>245.49</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">22470</td><td>Pella Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>15,848</td><td>633.92</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">22530</td><td>Perry Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>10,405</td><td>312.15</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">23110</td><td>Pleasant Valley Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>25,931</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">23160</td><td>Pleasantville Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>3,569</td><td>285.52</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">23190</td><td>Pocahontas Area Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>4,754</td><td>427.86</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">23340</td><td>Postville Community School District</td><td>0.15</td><td>3,558</td><td>533.70</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00028</td><td>Prairie Valley Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>3,525</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">24000</td><td>Red Oak Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>6,813</td><td>408.78</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">24120</td><td>Remsen-Union Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>2,899</td><td>28.99</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">24150</td><td>Riceville Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>2,596</td><td>233.64</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">10340</td><td>River Valley Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>2,519</td><td>50.38</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00027</td><td>Riverside Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>3,921</td><td>352.89</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">24660</td><td>Rock Valley Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>5,459</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">24870</td><td>Roland-Story Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>5,884</td><td>529.56</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">24960</td><td>Rudd-Rockford-Marble Rock Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>2,714</td><td>81.42</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">25050</td><td>Ruthven-Ayrshire Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>1,408</td><td>126.72</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">25320</td><td>Saydel Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>8,713</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">25380</td><td>Schaller-Crestland Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>2,123</td><td>42.46</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">25410</td><td>Schleswig Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,468</td><td>73.40</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">25590</td><td>Sergeant Bluff-Luton Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>6,622</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">25620</td><td>Seymour Community School District</td><td>0.11</td><td>2,627</td><td>288.97</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">25980</td><td>Sheldon Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>7,392</td><td>517.44</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26070</td><td>Shenandoah Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>6,899</td><td>551.92</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00015</td><td>Sibley-Ocheyedan Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>4,400</td><td>396.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26250</td><td>Sidney Community School District</td><td>0.20</td><td>2,224</td><td>444.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26280</td><td>Sigourney Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,470</td><td>34.70</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26370</td><td>Sioux Center Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>10,072</td><td>604.32</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00023</td><td>Sioux Central Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>2,753</td><td>137.65</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26400</td><td>Sioux City Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>86,498</td><td>2,594.94</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26580</td><td>Solon Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>7,521</td><td>75.21</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00024</td><td>South Central Calhoun Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>6,493</td><td>64.93</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26640</td><td>South Hamilton Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,630</td><td>254.10</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00026</td><td>South O&#039;Brien Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>4,134</td><td>413.40</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26670</td><td>South Page Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,324</td><td>66.20</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26730</td><td>South Tama County Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>8,981</td><td>359.24</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26790</td><td>South Winneshiek Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>4,444</td><td>266.64</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26820</td><td>Southeast Polk Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>41,081</td><td>2,054.05</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26850</td><td>Southeast Warren Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>3,180</td><td>159.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">99019</td><td>Southeast Webster-Grand Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>3,312</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">26910</td><td>Spencer Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>12,711</td><td>508.44</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27000</td><td>Spirit Lake Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>8,569</td><td>85.69</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27060</td><td>Springville Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>2,469</td><td>24.69</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">25200</td><td>St. Ansgar Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,892</td><td>272.44</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27240</td><td>Stanton Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>1,140</td><td>22.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27270</td><td>Starmont Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,561</td><td>71.22</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27390</td><td>Storm Lake Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>12,745</td><td>637.25</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27480</td><td>Stratford Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>1,219</td><td>48.76</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27600</td><td>Sumner-Fredericksburg Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>4,857</td><td>485.70</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27870</td><td>Tipton Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>5,103</td><td>510.30</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27960</td><td>Treynor Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,203</td><td>128.12</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27990</td><td>Tri-Center Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,594</td><td>71.88</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">28020</td><td>Tri-County Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>1,644</td><td>32.88</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">28050</td><td>Tripoli Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,395</td><td>167.65</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">28110</td><td>Turkey Valley Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>2,829</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">28170</td><td>Twin Cedars Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>2,190</td><td>21.90</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">28200</td><td>Twin Rivers Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>1,152</td><td>69.12</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">28230</td><td>Underwood Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>4,017</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">00022</td><td>Union Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>5,948</td><td>416.36</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">28560</td><td>United Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>2,953</td><td>29.53</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">28680</td><td>Urbandale Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>22,060</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">28980</td><td>Van Buren County Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>7,580</td><td>682.20</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">29010</td><td>Van Meter Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>3,942</td><td>118.26</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">29280</td><td>Villisca Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,902</td><td>95.10</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">29310</td><td>Vinton-Shellsburg Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>10,152</td><td>710.64</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">29490</td><td>Waco Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>2,866</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">29730</td><td>Wapello Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,532</td><td>141.28</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">29760</td><td>Wapsie Valley Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>3,820</td><td>382.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30240</td><td>Washington Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>10,333</td><td>826.64</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30480</td><td>Waterloo Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>75,974</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30510</td><td>Waukee Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>72,233</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30540</td><td>Waverly-Shell Rock Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>14,497</td><td>869.82</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30560</td><td>Wayne Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>3,882</td><td>116.46</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30630</td><td>Webster City Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>10,638</td><td>531.90</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30720</td><td>West Bend-Mallard Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>1,883</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30750</td><td>West Branch Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>4,531</td><td>90.62</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30780</td><td>West Burlington Independent School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>2,822</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30870</td><td>West Central Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,607</td><td>80.35</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">27500</td><td>West Central Valley Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>5,956</td><td>297.80</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30900</td><td>West Delaware County Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>9,401</td><td>658.07</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30930</td><td>West Des Moines Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>65,031</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">25920</td><td>West Fork Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>4,618</td><td>46.18</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">05430</td><td>West Hancock Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,683</td><td>73.66</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30960</td><td>West Harrison Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,498</td><td>99.92</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">30990</td><td>West Liberty Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>6,161</td><td>123.22</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31020</td><td>West Lyon Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>4,954</td><td>346.78</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31080</td><td>West Marshall Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>4,622</td><td>277.32</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31110</td><td>West Monona Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,971</td><td>158.84</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31290</td><td>West Sioux Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>4,340</td><td>43.40</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31350</td><td>Western Dubuque County Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>22,643</td><td>1,358.58</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31470</td><td>Westwood Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,192</td><td>127.68</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31620</td><td>Whiting Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,060</td><td>53.00</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31680</td><td>Williamsburg Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>6,560</td><td>459.20</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31800</td><td>Wilton Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>4,677</td><td>187.08</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31830</td><td>Winfield-Mount Union Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>1,774</td><td>106.44</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31860</td><td>Winterset Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>10,404</td><td>416.16</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31920</td><td>Woodbine Community School District</td><td>0.14</td><td>2,607</td><td>364.98</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">31950</td><td>Woodbury Central Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,977</td><td>119.08</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right">32010</td><td>Woodward-Granger Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>5,911</td><td>59.11</td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Mean</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.04657</td><td></td><td>0.03009</td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Median</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.04000</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Minimum</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.00000</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Maximum</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.20000</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-20">KS</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Kansas State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>AGSTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers, 65 years old and over</td><td style="text-align:left">4350.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr><tr><td>AGSTD21</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, with one person 65 years old and over</td><td style="text-align:left">8700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr><tr><td>AGSTD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 years old and over</td><td style="text-align:left">6850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr><tr><td>AGSTDINC1</td><td>additional standard deduction for single filers, 65 years old and over or blind (subtract standard deduction amount from corresponding worksheet amount with one box checked) </td><td style="text-align:left">850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr><tr><td>AGSTDINC2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, 65 years old and over or blind (subtract standard deduction amount from corresponding worksheet amount with one box checked) </td><td style="text-align:left">700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr><tr><td>AGSTDINC4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 years old and over or blind (subtract standard deduction amount from corresponding worksheet amount with one box checked) </td><td style="text-align:left">850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr><tr><td>FOODCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed to claim food sales tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30615.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40, p. 6, Food Sales Tax Credit, Line D</td></tr><tr><td>FOODEX1</td><td>credit amount per exemption and dependent for the food sales tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">125.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40, p. 6, Food Sales Tax Credit, Line H</td></tr><tr><td>PERXAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">2250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 7, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.17</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td></tr><tr><td>SSAGICUT</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed to deduct social security benefits </td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 11, Schedule S Instructions, Line A9</td></tr><tr><td>KSTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 2500 15000 30000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 32, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>KSTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 5000 30000 60000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 32, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>KSTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.031 0.0525 0.057</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 32, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>CCCPCT</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care expense credit allowed as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 14</td></tr><tr><td>MOOPDEDPCT</td><td>percentage of federal qualified medical expense deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 14, Schedule A Instructions</td></tr><tr><td>ARELTAXPCT</td><td>percentage of federal real and personal property tax deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 14, Schedule A Instructions</td></tr><tr><td>AINTDEDPCT</td><td>percentage of federal qualified residential interest deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 14, Schedule A Instructions</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-21">KY</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Kentucky State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>CCCPCT</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowable as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 740 Instructions, p. 12, Line 24</td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2980.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 740 Instructions, p. 1, What&#039;s New?</td></tr><tr><td>PERCRED</td><td>personal tax credits for head and/or spouse for 65 years or older or legally blind</td><td style="text-align:left">40.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section B, Line 1 and 2</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEN</td><td>maximum pension income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">31110.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule P, Part III, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>FSTCAMT</td><td>maximum modified gross income to be eligible for the family size tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">39900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 740 Instructions, p. 12, Line 20 and 21</td></tr><tr><td>KYFSTC1</td><td>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit for one person</td><td style="text-align:left">14580 15163 15746 16330 16913 17496 18079 18517 18954 19391</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>KYFSTC2</td><td>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit for two people</td><td style="text-align:left">19720 20509 21298 22086 22875 23664 24453 25044 25636 26228</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>KYFSTC3</td><td>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit for three people</td><td style="text-align:left">24860 25854 26849 27843 28838 29832 30826 31572 32318 33064</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>KYFSTC4</td><td>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit for four or more people</td><td style="text-align:left">30000 31200 32400 33600 34800 36000 37200 38100 39000 39900</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>KYFSRAT</td><td>family size tax credit percentages</td><td style="text-align:left">1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>KYTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.045</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 740 Instructions, p. 11, Line 12</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-22">LA</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Louisiana State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEND</td><td>maximum retirement exemption for taxpayers 65 years or older</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 5, Schedule E, Code 06E</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540 Instructions for Preparing Your 2023 Louisiana Income Tax Return, p. 2, Line 15</td></tr><tr><td>CCCUT1</td><td>first federal AGI cutoff to determine nonrefundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 1A</td></tr><tr><td>CCCUT2</td><td>second federal AGI cutoff to determine nonrefundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">35000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 1A</td></tr><tr><td>CCCUT3</td><td>third federal AGI cutoff to determine nonrefundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 1A</td></tr><tr><td>CCPCT1</td><td>first refundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>CCPCT2</td><td>second nonrefundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 1A</td></tr><tr><td>CCPCT3</td><td>three nonrefundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 1A</td></tr><tr><td>CCMAX</td><td>maximum nonrefundable child care credit for taxpayers with federal AGI above CCCUT3</td><td style="text-align:left">25.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 2A</td></tr><tr><td>CCREFMX1</td><td>maximum qualified child care expenses for one qualifying person for the refundable child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>CCREFMX2</td><td>maximum qualified child care expenses for two or more qualifying people for the refundable child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>CCRFCUT</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs to determine refundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0 15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>CCRFRAT</td><td>refundable child care credit percentages</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.30</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>LASTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 1, Line 8C</td></tr><tr><td>LASTD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 1, Line 8C</td></tr><tr><td>LASTD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 1, Line 8C</td></tr><tr><td>LAPEX1</td><td>personal exemption amount for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">2023 Louisiana Tax Table notes</td></tr><tr><td>LAPEX2</td><td>personal exemption amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">9000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">2023 Louisiana Tax Table notes</td></tr><tr><td>LAADDEX</td><td>additional exemption amount for dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">2023 Louisiana Tax Table notes</td></tr><tr><td>LATCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 12500 50000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Rates webpage</td></tr><tr><td>LATCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 25000 100000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Rates webpage</td></tr><tr><td>LATRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0185 0.0350 0.0425</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Rates webpage</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-23">ME</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Maine State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PEAMT</td><td>personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">4700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Line 18</td></tr><tr><td>CCPCT_R</td><td>percentage for regular child care expenses for the child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Child Care Credit,  Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>CCPCT_Q</td><td>percentage for quality (step 4 or 5) child care expenses for the child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Child Care Credit,  Line 3 (not currently used in the model)</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCRF</td><td>maximum child care credit </td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Child Care Credit,  Line 5a</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state earned income tax credit for filers with at least one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCTNOKID</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPENX</td><td>maximum pension income deduction (if joint filers, head and spouse can each deduct amount)</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 1S, Worksheet for Pension Income Deduction, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>MAXITMZ</td><td>maximum allowable itemized deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">33200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 2, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>MESTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>MESTD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>MESTD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>AGICUT1</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full standard or itemized deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">91500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>AGICUT2</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full standard or itemized deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">183050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>AGICUT4</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full standard or itemized deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">137300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>AGIDENM1</td><td>amount used to calculate percentage of standard or itemized deduction that can be claimed for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>AGIDENM2</td><td>amount used to calculate percentage of standard or itemized deduction that can be claimed for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>AGIDENM4</td><td>amount used to calculate percentage of standard or itemized deduction that can be claimed for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">112500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">EXECUT1</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">305150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">EXECUT2</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">366100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">EXECUT4</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full personal exemption for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">335650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">EXEDENM</td><td>amount used to calculate percentage of personal exemption that can be claimed for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">125000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>SCRDLIM1</td><td>maximum total income to claim the sales tax fairness credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">29800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 25d and 25e, Notes</td></tr><tr><td>SCRDLIM2</td><td>maximum total income to claim the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">58600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 25d and 25e, Notes</td></tr><tr><td>SCRDLIM4</td><td>maximum total income to claim the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">46950.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 25d and 25e, Notes</td></tr><tr><td>SCRDCUT1</td><td>total income brackets for sales tax fairness credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 23300 23800 24300 24800 25300 25800 26300 26800 27300 27800 28300 28800 29300 29800</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr><tr><td>SCRDCUT2</td><td>total income brackets for sales tax fairness credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 46600 47600 48600 49600 50600 51600 52600 53600 54600 55600 56600 57600 58600</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr><tr><td>SCRDCUT4</td><td>total income brackets for sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 34950 35700 36450 37200 37950 38700 39450 40200 40950 41700 42450 43200 43950 44700 45450 46200 46950</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr><tr><td>SCRAMT11</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for single filers with one exemption.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for single filers with any number of dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr><tr><td>SCRAMT21</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with one exemption.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr><tr><td>SCRAMT22</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with two exemptions.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">225 205 185 165 145 125 105 85 65 45 25 5 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr><tr><td>SCRAMT23</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with three exemptions.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">255 235 215 195 175 155 135 115 95 75 55 35 15</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr><tr><td>SCRAMT41</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with one exemption.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with zero or one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">200 185 170 155 140 125 110 95 80 65 50 35 20 5 0 0 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr><tr><td>SCRAMT42</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with two exemptions.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with two dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">225 210 195 180 165 150 135 120 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 0 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr><tr><td>SCRAMT43</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with three exemptions.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with three or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">255 240 225 210 195 180 165 150 135 120 105 90 75 60 45 30 15</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr><tr><td>XTRD1</td><td>additional deduction for single or head of household filers who are age 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule, Additional Amount for Age and Blindness</td></tr><tr><td>XTRD2</td><td>additional deduction for joint filers who are age 65 or older or blind (for each spouse)</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule, Additional Amount for Age and Blindness</td></tr><tr><td>METXCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers </td><td style="text-align:left">0 24500 58050 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>METXCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers </td><td style="text-align:left">0 49050 116100 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>METXCUT4</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers </td><td style="text-align:left">0 36750 87100 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>METXRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.058 0.0675 0.0715</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">MEDEPEX</td><td style="text-align:left">dependent exemption per qualifying child or dependent that can claimed as a credit</td><td style="text-align:left">300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">MEDEPCT1</td><td style="text-align:left">maximum state AGI to claim full dependent exemption tax credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">MEDEPCT2</td><td style="text-align:left">maximum state AGI to claim full dependent exemption tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">400000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">MEDEPPCT</td><td style="text-align:left">percentage of credit reduction for filers with income above maximum state AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0075</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit (Line 7 divided by Line 6)</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-24">MD</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Maryland State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th> </th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PEAMT1</td><td>maximum personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">3200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr><tr><td>PEAMT2</td><td>second highest personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">1600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr><tr><td>PEAMT3</td><td>third highest personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr><tr><td>PEAMT4</td><td>fourth highest personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr><tr><td>PECUT11</td><td>first federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr><tr><td>PECUT12</td><td>second federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">125000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr><tr><td>PECUT13</td><td>third federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr><tr><td>PECUT21</td><td>first federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr><tr><td>PECUT22</td><td>second federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">175000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr><tr><td>PECUT23</td><td>third federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr><tr><td>ELDAMT</td><td>additional exemption for filers age 65 and older and/or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A) Notes</td></tr><tr><td>MAXRET</td><td>maximum allowable pension exclusion (for each spouse if filing jointly)</td><td style="text-align:left">36200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 6, Pension Exclusion Computation Worksheet (13A), Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>STDMIN1</td><td>minimum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr><tr><td>STDMIN2</td><td>minimum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3450.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr><tr><td>STDMAX1</td><td>maximum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2550.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr><tr><td>STDMAX2</td><td>maximum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr><tr><td>STDPCT</td><td>percentage of state AGI to calculate standard deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr><tr><td>INCSTD11</td><td>state AGI cutoff for minimum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">11333.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr><tr><td>INCSTD12</td><td>state AGI cutoff for maximum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">17000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr><tr><td>INCSTD21</td><td>state AGI cutoff for minimum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">23000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr><tr><td>INCSTD22</td><td>state AGI cutoff for maximum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">34333.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr><tr><td>MAXMIL</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum allowable military retirement income exclusion for under 65 years old. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum allowable military retirement income exclusion for under 55 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">12500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 9, Line 13u</td></tr><tr><td>MAXMIL65</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum allowable military retirement income exclusion for 65 or older. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum allowable military retirement income exclusion for 55 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 9, Line 13u</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCC1</td><td>limit of child care expenses for one child for the child and dependent care expense subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 7, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCC2</td><td>limit of child care expenses for two or more children for the child and dependent care expense subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 7, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>CCCCUT1</td><td>federal AGI to start reducing the credit for child and dependent care expenses percentage for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr><tr><td>CCCMAX1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim credit for child and dependent care expenses for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">103651.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr><tr><td>CCCINC1</td><td>federal AGI increment for credit for child and dependent care expense reduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr><tr><td>CCCCUT2</td><td>federal AGI to start reducing the credit for child and dependent care expenses percentage for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr><tr><td>CCCMAX2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim credit child and dependent care expenses for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">161101.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr><tr><td>CCCINC2</td><td>federal AGI increment for credit for child and dependent care expense reduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr><tr><td>CCCRAT</td><td>maximum rate for the credit for the child and dependent care expenses</td><td style="text-align:left">0.32</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr><tr><td>CCCRATINC</td><td>percentage increments to reduce rate for the credit for child and dependent care expenses</td><td style="text-align:left">0.00319999999999998</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr><tr><td>CCCDIM1</td><td>number of brackets for the credit for child and dependent care expenses (for single filers in 2021)</td><td style="text-align:left">38.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr><tr><td>CCCDIM2</td><td>number of brackets for the credit for child and dependent care expenses (for joint filers in 2021)</td><td style="text-align:left">38.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr><tr><td>CCCLIM1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable child and dependent care credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">56300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p.18, Refundable Child and Dependent Care Expenses Tax Credit (21B), Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>CCCLIM2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable child and dependent care credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">84500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p.18, Refundable Child and Dependent Care Expenses Tax Credit (21B), Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>CNTPCT</td><td>population-weighted average of county and local income tax rates (assumption)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03080</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 21, Local Tax Rate Chart (refer to the &quot;MD local&quot; sheet for calculation)</td></tr><tr><td>MAX2INC</td><td>maximum two-income married couple subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">1200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 10, Two-Income Married Couple Subtraction Worksheet (13D), Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT1</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a non-refundable state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, State EIC Worksheet (18A), Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT2</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a refundable state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.45</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 18, Refundable Earned Income Credit Worksheet (21A), Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>EICLOC</td><td>local earned income tax credit multiplier</td><td style="text-align:left">10.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Local Earned Income Credit Worksheet (19B), Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>LOWPCT</td><td>percentage of earned income claimable as a poverty level credit </td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, State Poverty Level Credit Worksheet (18B)</td></tr><tr><td>MDSENR1</td><td>senior tax credit for single filers who are age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>MDSENR2</td><td>senior tax credit for joint and head of household filers who are age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>MDSENRCT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the senior tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>MDSENRCT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the senior tax credit for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>MDPOVC</td><td>poverty income guidelines for household size one</td><td style="text-align:left">14580.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, Poverty Income Guidelines</td></tr><tr><td>MDPOVICR</td><td>increment to poverty income guidelines for each additional member</td><td style="text-align:left">5140.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, Poverty Income Guidelines</td></tr><tr><td>MDTXCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers </td><td style="text-align:left">0 1000 2000 3000 100000 125000 150000 250000 10000000</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 13, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>MDTXCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint and head of household filers </td><td style="text-align:left">0 1000 2000 3000 150000 175000 225000 300000 10000000</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 13, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>MDTXRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.0475 0.05 0.0525 0.055 0.0575</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 13, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>MDCTCINC</td><td>maximum federal AGI to qualify for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 25, Refundable Child Tax Credit Worksheet (21C)</td></tr><tr><td>MDCTCAMT</td><td>child tax credit per qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 25, Refundable Child Tax Credit Worksheet (21C)</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-25">MD local</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left"><strong>Calculation of Population-Weighted Average Local Income Tax Rate in Maryland</strong></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>County Name</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 County Resident Rate</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Population Count</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Weighted Average</strong></u></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Baltimore City</td><td>0.032</td><td>584548.0</td><td>18706</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Allegany County</td><td>0.0303</td><td>68161.0</td><td>2065</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Anne Arundel County</td><td>0.027</td><td>588109.0</td><td>15879</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Baltimore County</td><td>0.032</td><td>850737.0</td><td>27224</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Calvert County</td><td>0.03</td><td>93244.0</td><td>2797</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Caroline County</td><td>0.032</td><td>33320.0</td><td>1066</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Carroll County</td><td>0.0303</td><td>173225.0</td><td>5249</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cecil County</td><td>0.028</td><td>103876.0</td><td>2909</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Charles County</td><td>0.0303</td><td>167035.0</td><td>5061</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dorchester County</td><td>0.032</td><td>32557.0</td><td>1042</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Frederick County</td><td>0.0275</td><td>273829.0</td><td>7530</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Garrett County</td><td>0.0265</td><td>28856.0</td><td>765</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Harford County</td><td>0.0306</td><td>261059.0</td><td>7988</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Howard County</td><td>0.032</td><td>332011.0</td><td>10624</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Kent County</td><td>0.032</td><td>19289.0</td><td>617</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Montgomery County</td><td>0.032</td><td>1056910.0</td><td>33821</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Prince George&#039;s County</td><td>0.032</td><td>957189.0</td><td>30630</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Queen Anne&#039;s County</td><td>0.032</td><td>50316.0</td><td>1610</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>St. Mary&#039;s County</td><td>0.03</td><td>113814.0</td><td>3414</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Somerset County</td><td>0.032</td><td>24672.0</td><td>790</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Talbot County</td><td>0.024</td><td>37663.0</td><td>904</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Washington County</td><td>0.0295</td><td>154645.0</td><td>4562</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wicomico County</td><td>0.032</td><td>103815.0</td><td>3322</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Worcester County</td><td>0.0225</td><td>52827.0</td><td>1189</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Mean</strong></em></td><td>0.02994</td><td></td><td>0.03080</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Median</strong></em></td><td>0.03045</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Minimum</strong></em></td><td>0.0225</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><em><strong>Maximum</strong></em></td><td>0.032</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left">Note: In tax year 2023, the tax rates for Anne Arundel and Frederick County vary by income. We use the tax rates for the lower range of income.</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-26">MA</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Massachusetts State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PEX1</td><td>personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td></tr><tr><td>PEX2</td><td>personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td></tr><tr><td>PEX3</td><td>personal exemption for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td></tr><tr><td>DEPEX</td><td>dependent exemption for each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td></tr><tr><td>AGEEX</td><td>additional exemption for filers age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2C</td></tr><tr><td>BLNDEX</td><td>additional exemption for filers who are blind</td><td style="text-align:left">2200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2D</td></tr><tr><td>MAMAXFICA</td><td>maximum deduction for retirement contributions</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 11, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 16, Line 43</td></tr><tr><td>INTEXM1</td><td>amount of interest exempt for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 10, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>INTEXM2</td><td>amount of interest exempt for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 10, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>MATAXRAT1</td><td>income tax rate for most income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 12, Line 22</td></tr><tr><td>MATAXRAT2</td><td>income tax rate for capital gains and dividend income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.12</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 12, Line 23b</td></tr><tr><td>MATAXRAT3</td><td>additional income tax rate for income over a certain threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 28b</td></tr><tr><td>MATAXCUT3</td><td>threshold for surtax on taxable income over the threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">1000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 28b</td></tr><tr><td>NOTAX1</td><td>state AGI cutoff to qualify for no tax status for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 29 Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>NOTAX2</td><td>state AGI cutoff to qualify for no tax status for joint filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">16400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr><tr><td>NOTAX3</td><td>state AGI cutoff to qualify for no tax status for head of household filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">14400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr><tr><td>NOTXINCR</td><td>state AGI increment for each dependent to qualify for no tax status</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr><tr><td>LICINCR</td><td>state AGI increment for each dependent to qualify for the limited income credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr><tr><td>LICCUT11</td><td>minimum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 27 Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>LICCUT12</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">14000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 27 Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>LICCUT21</td><td>minimum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for joint filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">16400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr><tr><td>LICCUT22</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for joint filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">28700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr><tr><td>LICCUT41</td><td>minimum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for head of household filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">14400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr><tr><td>LICCUT42</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for head of household filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">25200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr><tr><td>WSRAT</td><td>percentage used to calculate the limited income credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 29 Worksheet, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>MACFTC</td><td>credit amount per dependent for the child and family tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">310.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 17, Line 46</td></tr><tr><td>MAPOVMIN</td><td>200 percent of the federal poverty guidelines for family size one used for unemployment compensation exclusion for certain filers</td><td style="text-align:left">29160.0</td><td style="text-align:left">https://aspe.hhs.gov/topics/poverty-economic-mobility/poverty-guidelines/prior-hhs-poverty-guidelines-federal-register-references</td></tr><tr><td>MAPOVINCR</td><td>200 percent of the increment in the federal poverty guidelines for each additional person in the unit</td><td style="text-align:left">10280.0</td><td style="text-align:left">https://aspe.hhs.gov/topics/poverty-economic-mobility/poverty-guidelines/prior-hhs-poverty-guidelines-federal-register-references</td></tr><tr><td>MAINTPCT</td><td>assumption that 75 percent of interest income is from banks located outside of Massachusetts (25 percent located inside of the state)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td>Assumption in model</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-27">MI</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Michigan State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PERSEX1</td><td>personal exemption amount per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">5400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.10, Line 9a</td></tr><tr><td>BLNDEX</td><td>exemption amount per person who are blind, deaf, or totally and permanently disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">3100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.35, Form MI-1040, Line 9b</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEND1</td><td>pension deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">61518.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 60, Pension Schedule (Form 4884), line 9</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEND2</td><td>pension deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">123036.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 60, Pension Schedule (Form 4884), line 9</td></tr><tr><td>PENYEAR1</td><td>tier 1 pension recipients, birth year before</td><td style="text-align:left">1946.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 59, Pension Schedule (Form 4884)</td></tr><tr><td>PENYEAR2</td><td>tier 2 pension recipients, birth year before</td><td style="text-align:left">1953.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 59, Pension Schedule (Form 4884)</td></tr><tr><td>PENYEAR3</td><td>tier 3 pension recipients, birth year before</td><td style="text-align:left">1957.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 59, Pension Schedule (Form 4884)</td></tr><tr><td>TAXYEAR</td><td>current tax year</td><td style="text-align:left">2023.0</td><td style="text-align:left"></td></tr><tr><td>MISTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers born between PENYEAR1 and PENYEAR3 </td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.18, Worksheet 2: Tier 2 and Tier 3 Micihigan Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>MISTD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers born between PENYEAR1 and PENYEAR3</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.18, Worksheet 2: Tier 2 and Tier 3 Micihigan Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>MAXDED1</td><td>interest, dividend, and capital gains deduction for single filers born before PENYEAR1</td><td style="text-align:left">13712.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.17, Dividend/Interest/Capital Gains Deduction for Taxpayers Born prior to 1946</td></tr><tr><td>MAXDED2</td><td>interest, dividend, and capital gains deduction for joint filers born before PENYEAR1</td><td style="text-align:left">27424.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.17, Dividend/Interest/Capital Gains Deduction for Taxpayers Born prior to 1946</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 2, New for 2023 and p. 11, Line 27</td></tr><tr><td>MITAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0405</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 2, New for 2023 and p. 3, General Information</td></tr><tr><td>PENPCT</td><td>percentage of military pension benefits used in calculation of retirement and pension benefits subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 25, Worksheet 3.3, Line 4</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-28">MN</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Minnesota State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>AGLN11</td><td>maximum subtraction for single and head of household filers who are age 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">9600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Line 1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>AGLN12</td><td>maximum subtraction for joint filers who are age 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Line 1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ELGAD1</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed for the subtraction for joint filers with both spouses who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">42000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ELGAD2</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed for the subtraction for joint filers with one spouse who is 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">38500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ELGAD3</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed for the subtraction for single and head of household filers who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">33700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ELGSS1</td><td>maximum nontaxable social security income allowed for the subtraction for joint filers with both spouses who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ELGSS2</td><td>maximum nontaxable social security income allowed for the subtraction for joint filers with one spouse who is 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ELGSS3</td><td>maximum nontaxable social security income allowed for the subtraction for single and head of household filers who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">9600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>LIN101</td><td>amount to calculate subtraction for joint filers with both spouses who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">18000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions, Line 10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>LIN102</td><td>amount to calculate subtraction for joint filers with one spouse who is 65 or older or disabled or single or head of household filers who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">14500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions, Line 10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>LINE12</td><td>percentage to determine subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Line 12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD11</td><td>standard deduction for single filers, not 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">13825.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD12</td><td>standard deduction for single filers, 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">15675.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD13</td><td>standard deduction for single filers, 65 or older and blind</td><td style="text-align:left">17525.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD21</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, not 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">27650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD22</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, one 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">29100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD23</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, both 65 or older or blind, or one 65 or older and blind</td><td style="text-align:left">30550.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD24</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, one 65 or older or blind, and one 65 or older and blind</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD25</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, both 65 or older and blind</td><td style="text-align:left">33450.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD31</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers, not 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD32</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">22650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>STD33</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 or older and blind</td><td style="text-align:left">24500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNEXAMT</td><td>dependent exemptions amount oer dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">4800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNEXLIM1</td><td>federal AGI threshold for reduced dependent exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">220650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNEXLIM2</td><td>federal AGI threshold for reduced dependent exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">330950.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNEXLIM4</td><td>federal AGI threshold for reduced dependent exemption for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">275800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNEXMAX</td><td>maximum AGI threshohold for dependent exemption phaseout</td><td style="text-align:left">122500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5, Step 7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNEXDIV</td><td>dependent exemption phaseout divider</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5, Step 7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNEXPCT</td><td>dependent exemption phaseout percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0.02</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5, Step 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNMOOPPCT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA, Line 3</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNSALTLIM</td><td>maximum state and local tax deduction for itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA, Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNITMLIM</td><td>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are limited</td><td style="text-align:left">220650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA, Line 26</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNITMLIM2</td><td>federal AGI amount below and above which itemized deductions are limited differently</td><td style="text-align:left">1000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA, Worksheet A and B for Line 26</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNITMLIM3</td><td>federal AGI amount used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">304970.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 5 and Line 7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNITMAMT</td><td>amount used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">84320.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNITMPCT1</td><td>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 10 and Worksheet B for Line 26, Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNITMPCT2</td><td>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 6</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNITMPCT3</td><td>third percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNSTDLIM1</td><td>federal AGI amount above which state standard deductions are limited</td><td style="text-align:left">220650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNSTDLIM2</td><td>federal AGI amount below and above which standard deductions are limited differently</td><td style="text-align:left">1000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A and B for Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNSTDLIM3</td><td>federal AGI amount used in the limitation of standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">304970.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4, Line 2 and 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNSTDAMT</td><td>amount used in the limitation of standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">84320.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4, Line 2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNSTDPCT1</td><td>first percentage used in the limitation of standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4, Line 8 and Worksheet B for Line 4, Line 2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNSTDPCT2</td><td>second percentage used in the limitation of standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4, Line 3</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNSTDPCT3</td><td>third percentage used in the limitation of standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4, Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNCHRLIM</td><td>threshold above which charitable contributions are eligible for subtraction if filer is not claiming itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 11, Step 2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNCHRPCT</td><td>percentage of qualified charitable contributions that can be subtracted if not claiming itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 11, Step 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCRED</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive full child and dependent care credit (without reduction)</td><td style="text-align:left">59210.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1CD Worksheet for Line 8, Step 2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CCINCPCT</td><td>percentage of federal AGI above the maximum to reduce child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1CD Worksheet for Line 8, Step 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CCCAMTMX</td><td>maximum child and dependent care credit for filers with federal AGI above the maximum</td><td style="text-align:left">600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1CD Worksheet for Line 8, Step 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MARJMIN</td><td>minimum joint taxable income required to claim marriage credit (need to check hard coding in the SAS program every year)</td><td style="text-align:left">44000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, &quot;Do I Qualify&quot; Section</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MAREMIN</td><td>minimum earned income of lesser-earning spouse required to claim marriage credit</td><td style="text-align:left">28000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, &quot;Do I Qualify&quot; Section</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MARCUT1</td><td>maximum income of lesser-earning spouse to use the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">114000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MARMIN</td><td>first joint taxable income cutoff to change columns in the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">64000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MARINC</td><td>taxable income bracket increments for each column in the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MARMAX</td><td>lower bound of the last column in marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">304000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MARMIN2</td><td>first income cutoff to change rows in the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">28000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MARINC2</td><td>income bracket increment for each row in the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MAXCRED</td><td>maximum marriage credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1710.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA, Line 19</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MARCRD10</td><td>one-half of the standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13825.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA, Line 10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>NUMCOL</td><td>number of columns in the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">14.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNCAMT</td><td>array of marriage credit amounts from marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">19 19 19 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 48 48 48 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 77 77 77 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 106 106 106 106 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 135 135 135 135 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 164 164 164 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 193 193 193 108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 222 222 222 158 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 192 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 101 235 235 235 213 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 234 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 235 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 235 235 235 235 66 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 217 235 235 235 129 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 188 235 235 235 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 159 235 235 235 171 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 192 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 101 235 235 235 213 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 234 24 18 18 18 0 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 235 45 39 39 39 0 0 0 0 0 14 235 235 235 235 66 60 60 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 87 81 81 81 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 108 102 102 102 0 0 0 0 0 0 217 235 235 235 129 123 123 123 13 0 0 0 0 0 188 235 235 235 150 144 144 144 74 0 0 0 0 0 159 235 235 235 171 165 165 165 135 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 192 186 186 186 186 0 0 0 0 0 101 235 235 235 213 207 207 207 207 0 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 234 228 228 228 228 0 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 235 249 249 249 249 0 0 0 0 0 14 235 235 235 235 270 270 270 270 40 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 291 291 291 291 101 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 312 312 312 312 162 0 0 0 0 0 217 235 235 235 333 333 333 333 223 0 0 0 0 0 188 235 235 235 354 354 354 354 284 0 0 0 0 0 159 235 235 235 375 375 375 375 345 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 396 396 396 396 396 6 0 0 0 0 101 235 235 235 417 417 417 417 417 67 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 438 438 438 438 438 128 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 438 459 459 459 459 189 0 0 0 0 9 230 230 230 434 475 475 475 475 246 26</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CUTMN1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 30070 98760 183340 10000000</td><td>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate Schedules</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CUTMN2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 43950 174610 304970 10000000</td><td>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate Schedules</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CUTMN3</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 37010 148730 243720 10000000</td><td>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate Schedules</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>TRATMN</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0535 0.0680 0.0785 0.0985</td><td>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate Schedules</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNWFCTHRES</td><td>earned income threshold for credit amount for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">8750.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 3</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNWFCPCT</td><td>percentage of earned income allowed for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNWFC1KID</td><td>maximum credit for qualifying older children for one qualifying older child for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">925.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNWFC2KID</td><td>maximum credit for qualifying older children for two qualifying older children for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2100.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNWFC3KID</td><td>maximum credit for qualifying older children for three qualifying older children for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNWFCAMT</td><td>maximum credit amount for each qualifying child for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1750.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNWFCCUT1</td><td>income (greater of federal AGI and earned income) threshold above which the child and working family credit is phased out for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">29500.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 11</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNWFCCUT2</td><td>income (greater of federal AGI and earned income) threshold above which the child and working family credit is phased out for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">35000.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 11</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNWFCPHASEOUT1</td><td>phaseout percentage for filers who receive the credit for qualifying older children and do not receive any other child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.09</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 13</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNWFCPHASEOUT2</td><td>phaseout percentage for filers who receive the child and working family credit (with or without the credit for qualifying older children)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.12</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 13</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNRETAMT1</td><td>maximum qualified retirement benefits subtraction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12500.0</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNRETAMT2</td><td>maximum qualified retirement benefits subtraction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNRETCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive full qualified retirement benefits subtraction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">78000.0</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNRETCUT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive full qualified retirement benefits subtraction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNRETCALC</td><td>amount used in phase out of qualified retirement benefits subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MNRETPCT</td><td>percentage used in phase out of qualified retirement benefits subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 8</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-29">MS</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Mississippi State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th style="text-align:left"></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>EXD1</td><td>exemption amount per return for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr><tr><td>EXD2</td><td>exemption amount per return for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr><tr><td>EXD4</td><td>exemption amount per return for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr><tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr><tr><td>PEREXAMT</td><td>exemption amount for each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 7, Additional Exemptions Chart</td></tr><tr><td>XTRAAGD</td><td>additional exemption amount for head and/or spouse aged 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 7, Additional Exemptions Chart</td></tr><tr><td>XTRABLND</td><td>additional exemption amount for head and/or spouse who are blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 7, Additional Exemptions Chart</td></tr><tr><td>MSMOOPPCT</td><td>percentage of federal AGI above which medical and dental expenses are deductible</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 80-108, line 2b</td></tr><tr><td>MSSEDED</td><td>percentage of self-employment tax that is deductible from income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Line 61</td></tr><tr><td>MSCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 27, Schedule of Tax Computation</td></tr><tr><td>MSTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 27, Schedule of Tax Computation</td></tr><tr><td>MSCCRATE</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowable as state dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 20</td></tr><tr><td>MSCCLIM</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 20</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-30">MO</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Missouri State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>EXPD3</td><td>personal exemption amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Instructions, p. 8, Line 15</td></tr><tr><td>MOSTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>MOSTD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>MOSTD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>MOAGED1</td><td>extra standard deduction for blind/aged for single and head of household filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from one box checked)</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>MOAGED2</td><td>extra standard deduction for blind/aged for joint filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from one box checked)</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>MAXFEDD1</td><td>maximum federal income tax deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040, Line 13</td></tr><tr><td>MAXFEDD2</td><td>maximum federal income tax deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040, Line 13</td></tr><tr><td>PUBPEN1</td><td>income limit for public pension exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">85000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr><tr><td>PUBPEN2</td><td>income limit for public pension exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr><tr><td>PRIVPEN1</td><td>income limit for private pension exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr><tr><td>PRIVPEN2</td><td>income limit for private pension exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPBPEN</td><td>maximum public pension exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">44683.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPVPEN</td><td>maximum private pension exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr><tr><td>MOCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 1207 2414 3621 4828 6035 7242 8449 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Chart</td></tr><tr><td>MOTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.0495</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Chart</td></tr><tr><td>MOFEDCUT</td><td>state AGI brackets for federal income tax deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">25000 50000 100000 125000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td>MOFEDPCT</td><td>state AGI percentages for federal income tax deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.35 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td>MOEICRATE</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed for working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Instructions, Form MO-WFTC, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>MOMAXINVST</td><td>maximum investment income to be eligible for working family tax credit </td><td style="text-align:left">4050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Instructions, Form MO-WFTC, Line 3</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-31">MT</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Montana State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>STDED1</td><td>maximum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5540.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>STDED2</td><td>maximum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">11080.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>STDED3</td><td>minimum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2460.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>STDED4</td><td>minimum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4920.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>PCTSTD</td><td>percentage of state AGI that sets maximum standard deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEND</td><td>maximum pension exclusion amount per recipient</td><td style="text-align:left">5060.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption Worksheet, Line 1a and 1b</td></tr><tr><td>MXPNAGI1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for pension exclusion if only head or spouse has a pension</td><td style="text-align:left">44670.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption Worksheet (calculated)</td></tr><tr><td>MXPNAGI2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for pension exclusion if both head and spouse have pensions</td><td style="text-align:left">47200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption Worksheet (calculated)</td></tr><tr><td>MXPNAGI3</td><td>maximum federal AGI for full pension exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">42140.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption Worksheet, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>MAXDISPY</td><td>maximum yearly disability income exclusion amount (weekly amount multiplied by 52 weeks)</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 27, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line 32</td></tr><tr><td>DISAGICT</td><td>income amount to start disability exclusion amount reduction</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 27, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line 32</td></tr><tr><td>MXINTEX1</td><td>maximum interest exclusion for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 21, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>MXINTEX2</td><td>maximum interest exclusion for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 21, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>MTEXEAMT</td><td>deduction amount per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">2960.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 11, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>MTMAXFTAX1</td><td>maximum federal income tax allowed as itemized deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2 Booklet, p. 30, Itemized Deduction Schedule - Taxes, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>MTMAXFTAX2</td><td>maximum federal income tax allowed as itemized deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2 Booklet, p. 30, Itemized Deduction Schedule - Taxes, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCAGI1</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the child and dependent care expense credit for filers with one child</td><td style="text-align:left">22800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 31, Itemized Deductions Schedule, Line 14</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCAGI2</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the child and dependent care expense credit for filers with two children</td><td style="text-align:left">25200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 31, Itemized Deductions Schedule, Line 14</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCAGI3</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the child and dependent care expense credit for filers with three children or more</td><td style="text-align:left">27600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 31, Itemized Deductions Schedule, Line 14</td></tr><tr><td>CCLIM1</td><td>maximum child and dependent care expense deduction for filers with one child</td><td style="text-align:left">2400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441-M, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>CCLIM2</td><td>maximum child and dependent care expense deduction for filers with two children</td><td style="text-align:left">3600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441-M, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>CCLIM3</td><td>maximum child and dependent care expense deduction for filers with three children or more</td><td style="text-align:left">4800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441-M, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCAGI</td><td>state AGI above which the child and dependent care expense deduction is reduced</td><td style="text-align:left">18000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441-M, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>CCRATE</td><td>percentage used in child and dependent care expense deduction reduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441-M, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage allowed of federal earned income tax credit for state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 12, Line 23b</td></tr><tr><td>MTTCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 3600 6300 9700 13000 16800 21600 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Rates, Rate Table</td></tr><tr><td>MTTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.0675</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Rates, Rate Table</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-32">NE</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Nebraska State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>NESTD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">7900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>NESTD2</td><td>standard deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>NESTD4</td><td>standard deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">11600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>NEAGDED1</td><td>extra standard deduction amount for blind or aged for single and head of household filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from one box checked)</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>NEAGDED2</td><td>extra standard deduction amount for blind or aged for joint filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from one box checked)</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>NESSCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for Social Security income deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">49310.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Schedule I Instructions, Part B Line 28</td></tr><tr><td>NESSCUT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for Social Security income deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">66510.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Schedule I Instructions, Part B Line 28</td></tr><tr><td>NESSPCT</td><td>Social Security income reduction percentage if over federal AGI limit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.6</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Schedule I Line 28</td></tr><tr><td>PEXAMT</td><td>personal exemption credit amount per exemption for all resident filers</td><td style="text-align:left">157.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 10, Line 18</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCAGI</td><td>minimum federal AGI to claim nonrefundable child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">29000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 10, Line 23</td></tr><tr><td>CCRATE</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowable for nonrefundable child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 10, Line 23</td></tr><tr><td>CCCUT1</td><td>first federal AGI threshold in child and dependent care expense credit schedule</td><td style="text-align:left">22000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441N, Line 9 </td></tr><tr><td>CCCSTEP</td><td>federal AGI increments for child and dependent care expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441N, Line 9 </td></tr><tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable for state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 12, Line 35</td></tr><tr><td>NECCPCT</td><td>percentages for child and dependent care expense credit from credit schedule</td><td style="text-align:left">0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441N, Line 9 </td></tr><tr><td>NETCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 3700 22170 35730 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td></tr><tr><td>NETCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 7390 44350 71460 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td></tr><tr><td>NETCUT3</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 6900 35480 52980 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td></tr><tr><td>NETRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0246 0.0351 0.0501 0.0664</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td></tr><tr><td>NEMILMAX</td><td>maximum military retirement income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Line 29 (military pensions are fully deductible)</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-33">NH</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>New Hampshire State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PEAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount per exemption (for head and/or spouse blind and head and/or spouse age 65 or older or disabled)</td><td style="text-align:left">1200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DP-10, p. 3, Step 3 Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>GENEX1</td><td>income exemption amount for single and head of household filers </td><td style="text-align:left">2400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DP-10, p. 3, Step 3 Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>GENEX2</td><td>income exemption amount for joint filers </td><td style="text-align:left">4800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DP-10, p. 3, Step 3 Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>NHTAXRAT</td><td>interest and dividend tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DP-10, p. 4, Step 4 Line 10</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-34">NJ</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>New Jersey State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PENEX1</td><td>maximum pension/retirement exclusion for single or head of household filers (with total income below PENCUT1)</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr><tr><td>PENEX2</td><td>maximum pension/retirement exclusion for joint filers (with total income below PENCUT1)</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr><tr><td>PENCUT1</td><td>first total income threshold for pension/retirement exclusion eligibility</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr><tr><td>PENCUT2</td><td>second total income threshold for pension/retirement exclusion eligibility</td><td style="text-align:left">125000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr><tr><td>PENCUT3</td><td>maximum total income threshold for pension/retirement exclusion eligibility</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr><tr><td>PENPCT11</td><td>pension exclusion percentage for single and head of household filers at second total income threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.375</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr><tr><td>PENPCT12</td><td>pension exclusion percentage for single and head of household filers at maximum total income threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1875</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr><tr><td>PENPCT21</td><td>pension exclusion percentage for joint filers at second total income threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr><tr><td>PENPCT22</td><td>pension exclusion percentage for joint filers at maximum total income threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr><tr><td>RETXCUT</td><td>maximum wage, self-employment, and investment income to claim other retirement income exclusion for filers 62 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 21, Worksheet D, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>PEREX1</td><td>personal exemption amount for regular exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form NJ-1040, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>PEREX2</td><td>personal exemption amount for dependent exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form NJ-1040, Lines 10 - 11</td></tr><tr><td>NJVETEX</td><td>personal exemption amount for veterans</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form NJ-1040, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>NJMOOPRAT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of gross income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.02</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 23, Line 31</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable for state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 42, Line 58</td></tr><tr><td>MAXAGIE</td><td>maximum income for earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 42, Line 58 (placeholder as of tax year 2023)</td></tr><tr><td>NJCCLIM</td><td>maximum taxable income for child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 43, Worksheet J, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>NJCCCUT</td><td>taxable income brackets for the child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30000 60000 90000 120000 150000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 43, Worksheet J, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>NJCCRAT</td><td>rates for the child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 43, Worksheet J, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>NJTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20000 35000 40000 75000 500000 1000000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>NJTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20000 50000 70000 80000 150000 500000 1000000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>NJTRAT1</td><td>income tax rates for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.014 0.0175 0.035 0.05525 0.0637 0.0897 0.1075</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>NJTRAT2</td><td>income tax rates for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.014 0.0175 0.0245 0.035 0.05525 0.0637 0.0897 0.1075</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>NJCTCCUT</td><td>taxable income thresholds for the calculation of the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30000 40000 50000 60000 80000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 44, Line 65</td></tr><tr><td>NJCTCAMT</td><td>credit amount per dependent age 5 and under for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 800 600 400 200 0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 44, Line 65</td></tr><tr><td>NJCTCLIM</td><td>maximum taxable income to be eligible for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">80000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 44, Line 65</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-35">NM</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>New Mexico Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>LMEXCUT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for low- and middle-income tax exemption eligibility for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">36667.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>LMEXCUT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for low- and middle-income tax exemption eligibility for joint or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">55000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>LMEXDED1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive full low- and middle-income tax exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>LMEXDED2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive full low- and middle-income tax exemption for joint or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>LMEXRAT1</td><td>percentage used to calculate low- and middle-income tax exemption reduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>LMEXRAT2</td><td>percentage used to calculate low- and middle-income tax exemption reduction for joint or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>LMEXSUB</td><td>maximum low- and middle-income tax exemption for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>OV65MAX1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for exemption for filers age 65 and older or blind for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">28500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>OV65MAX2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for exemption for filers age 65 and older or blind for joint or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">51000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>OV65CUT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for exemption for filers age 65 and older or blind for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18000 19500 21000 22500 24000 25500 27000 28500</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>OV65CUT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for exemption for filers age 65 and older or blind for joint or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000 33000 36000 39000 42000 45000 48000 51000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>OV65AMT</td><td>exemption amount for filers age 65 and older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>DEPDEDAMT</td><td>deduction for certain dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">4000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 24, Line 13</td></tr><tr><td>NMCAPGLIM</td><td>maximum net capital gains allowed for deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 6, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>NMCAPGPCT</td><td>percentage of net capital gains allowed for deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 6, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>MEDEXCUT</td><td>minimum amount of unreimbursed medical care expenses to qualify for the additional exemption and tax credit for filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">28000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Additional Exemption and Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>MEDEXAMT</td><td>medical care expense exemption for filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Additional Exemption and Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>MEDCRAMT</td><td>credit for medical care expenses for filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">2800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Additional Exemption and Tax Credit</td></tr><tr><td>MOOPDEDCUT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for the medical care expense deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000 35000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td></tr><tr><td>MOOPDEDCUT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for the medical care expense deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000 70000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td></tr><tr><td>MOOPDEDCUT4</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for medical care expense deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20000 50000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td></tr><tr><td>MOOPDEDRAT</td><td>percentage of medical care expenses that are deductible for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25 0.15 0.10</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td></tr><tr><td>MAXLOW</td><td>maximum modified gross income allowed to claim low income comprehensive tax rebate</td><td style="text-align:left">36000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-RC Instructions, p. 5, Section 2 Line 14</td></tr><tr><td>NMLOWCUT</td><td>modified gross income cutoffs to determine low income comprehensive tax rebate</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 1500 2500 7500 8000 9000 10000 11500 13000 14500 16500 18000 19500 21000 23000 24500 26000 27500 29500 31000 32500 34000 36000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-RC Instructions, p. 5, Section 2 Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>LOWREB</td><td>low income comprehensive tax rebate by number of exemptions and modified gross income cutoffs</td><td style="text-align:left">211 281 352 422 492 563 238 341 438 546 617 730 238 341 438 546 617 763 238 341 438 546 617 790 222 335 422 536 622 790 200 308 406 519 622 757 184 271 368 460 552 720 157 227 298 390 481 649 141 200 254 319 395 519 124 184 238 298 341 422 114 168 200 254 308 362 108 141 179 227 271 325 97 124 157 195 238 281 87 114 151 179 200 249 87 114 151 179 200 249 81 108 130 157 184 211 70 97 124 151 168 195 60 87 114 141 151 184 54 81 108 124 141 168 43 60 87 108 124 141 38 54 70 87 108 114 27 43 54 70 87 97 16 38 43 60 70 81</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-RC Instructions, p. 5, Section 2 Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCINC</td><td>maximum modified gross income allowed to claim child day care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30160.0</td><td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 7, Section 5</td></tr><tr><td>CCRATE</td><td>percentage of day care expenses claimable as the child day care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 12, Section 5 Child Day Care Credit Worksheet Column F</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCPER</td><td>maximum child day care credit for each child</td><td style="text-align:left">480.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-RC Instructions, p. 12, Section 5 Child Day Care Credit Worksheet Column G</td></tr><tr><td>MAXSTCCC</td><td>maximum child day care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-RC Instructions, p. 12, Section 5 Child Day Care Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>NMEITPER</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 31, Line 25 and 25A</td></tr><tr><td>NMCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 5500 11000 16000 210000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Personal Income Tax Rates from website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/all-nm-taxes/current-historic-tax-rates-overview/personal-income-tax-rates/)</td></tr><tr><td>NMCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 8000 16000 24000 315000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Personal Income Tax Rates from website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/all-nm-taxes/current-historic-tax-rates-overview/personal-income-tax-rates/)</td></tr><tr><td>NMTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.017 0.032 0.047 0.049 0.059</td><td style="text-align:left">Personal Income Tax Rates from website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/all-nm-taxes/current-historic-tax-rates-overview/personal-income-tax-rates/)</td></tr><tr><td>NMREB1AMT1</td><td>first tax refund for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td>NM State Tax Website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/rebates/)</td></tr><tr><td>NMREB1AMT2</td><td>first tax refund for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td>NM State Tax Website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/rebates/)</td></tr><tr><td>NMCTCCUT</td><td>federal AGI thresholds for the child income tax credit</td><td>25000 50000 75000 1000000 2000000 3500000 10000000</td><td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 11, Table 4 (2023 Child Income Tax Credit Income Table)</td></tr><tr><td>NMCTCAMT</td><td>child income tax credit for each qualifying child by federal AGI</td><td>600 400 200 100 75 50 25</td><td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 11, Table 4 (2023 Child Income Tax Credit Income Table)</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-36">NY</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>New York State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>MAXPENEX</td><td>maximum combined pension and disability income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 12-13, Line 29</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPENT</td><td>maximum pension income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 12, Line 29</td></tr><tr><td>MAXDISPY</td><td>maximum yearly disability income exclusion (weekly amount multiplied by 52 weeks)</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-221 Instructions, Line 4 Limit on exclusion</td></tr><tr><td>DISAGICT</td><td>federal AGI at which disability income exclusion reduction begins</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-221 Instructions, Line 4 Limit on exclusion</td></tr><tr><td>STDED1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 14-15, Line 34</td></tr><tr><td>STDED2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 14-15, Line 34</td></tr><tr><td>STDED4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">11200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 14-15, Line 34</td></tr><tr><td>NYMOOPPCT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>NYITMLIM</td><td>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are limited</td><td style="text-align:left">187900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196, Line 39</td></tr><tr><td>NYITMLIM1</td><td>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are limited for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">313200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>NYITMLIM2</td><td>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are limited for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">375850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>NYITMLIM4</td><td>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are limited for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">344500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>NYITMPCT1</td><td>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYITMPCT2</td><td>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>TOPAGI</td><td>maximum state AGI to use state tax table to determine tax liability</td><td style="text-align:left">107650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 39</td></tr><tr><td>MAXL5</td><td>addition to TOPAGI to generate the maximum allowable state AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 46, Tax Computation - New York AGI of more than $107,650</td></tr><tr><td>EMPNUM</td><td>amount for each qualifying child to determine the empire state child credit</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213, Line 13</td></tr><tr><td>EMPCUT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for single and head of household filers for the empire state child credit</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>EMPCUT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for joint filers for the empire state child credit</td><td style="text-align:left">110000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>EMPL13</td><td>percentage to determine the empire state child credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.33</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>EMPWSAL1</td><td>amount for each child who qualifies for the federal child tax credit to calculate the empire state child credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet A, Line 1</td></tr><tr><td>EMPWSAL5</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the empire state child credit (percentage used on the federal AGI above cutoff)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet A, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>EMPWSCL5</td><td>amount used in the calculation of the empire state child credit (threshold used for earned income)</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet B, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>EMPWSCL6</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the empire state child credit (percentage used on earned income above the threshold in EMPWSCL5)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet B, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>CCCPCT1</td><td>percentage applied to federal child care credit if state AGI is below CCCMIN for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr><tr><td>CCCPCT2</td><td>percentage applied to federal child care credit if state AGI is above CCCMAX2 for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr><tr><td>CCCPCT3</td><td>percentage applied to federal child care credit if state AGI is above CCCMAX1 and below CCCMAX2 for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.6</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr><tr><td>CCCMIN</td><td>minimum state AGI to use percentage table lookup for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr><tr><td>MIDBRKL</td><td>minimum state AGI to claim 100 percent of the federal credit as a state child and dependent care credit </td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr><tr><td>MIDBRKU</td><td>maximum income to claim 100 percent of the federal credit as a state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr><tr><td>CCCMAX1</td><td>maximum state AGI to use income increment (CCCINCR) for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">65000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, Limitation Table</td></tr><tr><td>CCCMAX2</td><td>maximum state AGI to use percentage table lookup for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, Limitation Table</td></tr><tr><td>CCCINCR</td><td>state AGI increment to change percentage of federal child care credit claimed for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, Limitation Table</td></tr><tr><td>MAXHH1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim the state household income credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">28000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 40</td></tr><tr><td>MAXHH2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim the state household credit for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td></tr><tr><td>MAXNYCUT</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim the NYC household credit for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">22500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr><tr><td>MAXNYC1</td><td>first federal AGI cutoff to determine the NYC household credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr><tr><td>MAXNYC2</td><td>second federal AGI cutoff to determine the NYC household credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr><tr><td>NYCHHCR1</td><td>first credit amount for the NYC household credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr><tr><td>NYCHHCR2</td><td>second credit amount for the NYC household credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr><tr><td>PERSEXM</td><td>exemption for dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 36</td></tr><tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-215, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>SCHCRE11</td><td>NYC school tax credit for single filers with federal AGI over $250,000</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>SCHCRE12</td><td>NYC school tax credit for head of household and joint filers with federal AGI over $250,000</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>SCHCRE21</td><td>NYC school tax credit for single filers and head of household filers with federal AGI less than $250,000</td><td style="text-align:left">63.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>SCHCRE22</td><td>NYC school tax credit for joint filers with federal AGI less than $250,000</td><td style="text-align:left">125.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>NYCUT11</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 8500 11700 13900 80650 215400 1077550 5000000 25000000 100000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 45, State Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>NYCUT12</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 17150 23600 27900 161550 323200 2155350 5000000 25000000 100000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 45, State Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>NYCUT13</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 12800 17650 20900 107650 269300 1616450 5000000 25000000 100000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 46, State Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>NYTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.04 0.045 0.0525 0.055 0.06 0.0685 0.0965 0.103 0.109</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 45-46, State Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>NYCCUT11</td><td>NYC income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 12000 25000 50000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>NYCCUT12</td><td>NYC income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 21600 45000 90000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>NYCCUT13</td><td>NYC income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 14400 30000 60000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>NYCTRAT</td><td>NYC income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.03078 0.03762 0.03819 0.03876</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>NYCUTH1</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs to determine the household credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000 6000 7000 20000 25000 28000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 40</td></tr><tr><td>NYCUTH2</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs to determine the household credit for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000 6000 7000 20000 22000 25000 28000 32000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td></tr><tr><td>NYHCRED1</td><td>household credit by federal AGI for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75 60 50 45 40 20</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 40</td></tr><tr><td>NYHCRED2</td><td>household credit by federal AGI for head of household and joint filers with one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">90 75 65 60 60 50 40 20</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td></tr><tr><td>NYHCR2IN</td><td>increments to increase household credit by federal AGI for head of household or joint filers for each additional dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">15 15 15 15 10 10 5 5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td></tr><tr><td>NYCCC</td><td>percentage of federal child care credit claimed as a state child and dependent care credit by state AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">1.100 1.099 1.098 1.097 1.095 1.094 1.093 1.091 1.090 1.089 1.087 1.086 1.085 1.083 1.082 1.081 1.079 1.078 1.077 1.075 1.074 1.073 1.071 1.070 1.069 1.067 1.066 1.065 1.063 1.062 1.061 1.059 1.058 1.057 1.055 1.054 1.053 1.051 1.050 1.049 1.047 1.046 1.045 1.043 1.042 1.041 1.039 1.038 1.037 1.035 1.034 1.033 1.031 1.030 1.029 1.027 1.026 1.025 1.023 1.022 1.021 1.019 1.018 1.017 1.015 1.014 1.013 1.011 1.010 1.009 1.007 1.006 1.005 1.003 1.002 1.001 1.00 1.162 1.150 1.137 1.125 1.112 1.099 1.088 1.075 1.062 1.050 1.037 1.025 1.013 1.000 0.987 0.975 0.963 0.950 0.938 0.925 0.912 0.901 0.888 0.875 0.863 0.927 0.913 0.900 0.886 0.872 0.859 0.845 0.831 0.819 0.805 0.791 0.778 0.764 0.750 0.737 0.723 0.709 0.696 0.682 0.668 0.656 0.642 0.628 0.615 0.601 1.070 1.047 1.022 0.996 0.973 0.947 0.922 0.899 0.873 0.848 0.824 0.799 0.773 0.750 0.724 0.699 0.676 0.650 0.625 0.601 0.576 0.550 0.527 0.502 0.476 0.600 0.200</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr><tr><td>NYCITYCCC</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for the NYC child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">25000 25200 25400 25600 25800 26000 26200 26400 26600 26800 27000 27200 27400 27600 27800 28000 28200 28400 28600 28800 29000 29200 29400 29600 29800 30000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, NYC child and dependent care credit limitation table (Not currently used in code)</td></tr><tr><td>NYCITYCCCRAT</td><td>percentage of the state child and dependent care credit claimable as a NYC child and dependent care credit by federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.750 0.735 0.705 0.675 0.645 0.615 0.585 0.555 0.525 0.495 0.465 0.435 0.405 0.375 0.345 0.315 0.285 0.255 0.225 0.195 0.165 0.135 0.105 0.075 0.045 0.015 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, NYC child and dependent care credit limitation table (Not currently used in code)</td></tr><tr><td>NYCCUTH2</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs to determine NYC household credit for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000 17500 20000 22500</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr><tr><td>NYCCRED2</td><td>NYC household credit by federal AGI for head of household and joint filers with one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">30 25 15 10</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr><tr><td>NYCHCR2IN</td><td>increment to increase NYC household credit by federal AGI for head of household and joint filers for each additional dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">30 25 15 10</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr><tr><td>FEDCCCRED</td><td>maximum qualified expenses by the number of qualifying dependents for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">3000 6000 7500 8500 9000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>FEDCCCUT</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs to determine percentage for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000 27000 29000 31000 33000 35000 37000 39000 41000 43000 10000000</td><td>Form 216 Instructions, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>FEDCCPCT</td><td>percentage by federal AGI for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20</td><td>Form 216 Instructions, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM11</td><td>first bracket tax computation for high earner single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 48, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 7</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM12</td><td>second bracket tax computation for high earner single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">568.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 49, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 8, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM13</td><td>third bracket tax computation for high earner single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2399.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 49, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 9, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM14</td><td>fourth bracket tax computation for high earner single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">32571.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 49, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 10, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM21</td><td>first bracket tax computation for high earner joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 46, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 1</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM22</td><td>second bracket tax computation for high earner joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">333.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 47, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 2, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM23</td><td>third bracket tax computation for high earner joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1140.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 47, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 3, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM24</td><td>fourth bracket tax computation for high earner joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3887.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 47, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 4, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM25</td><td>fifth bracket tax computation for high earner joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">64237.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 48, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 5, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM41</td><td>first bracket tax computation for high earner head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 50, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 12</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM42</td><td>second bracket tax computation for high earner head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">787.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 50, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 13, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM43</td><td>third bracket tax computation for high earner head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3076.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 51, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 14, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM44</td><td>fourth bracket tax computation for high earner head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">48337.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 51, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 15, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>NYCEICRT</td><td>percentages for the NYC earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.30 0.30 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.10</td><td>Form IT-215 Instructions, p. 4, NYC EIC Rate Table</td></tr><tr><td>NYCEICAG</td><td>state AGI cutoffs for the NYC earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">5000 7500 15000 17500 20000 22500 40000 42500 10000000</td><td>Form IT-215 Instructions, p. 4, NYC EIC Rate Table</td></tr><tr><td>NYCEICPT</td><td>percentage for the NYC earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2.0E-5</td><td>Form IT-215 Instructions, p. 3, NYC EIC Rate Worksheet</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-37">NC</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>North Carolina State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-400 Schedule A, Standard Deduction Chart</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-400 Schedule A, Standard Deduction Chart</td></tr><tr><td>STD3</td><td>standard deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">19125.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-400 Schedule A, Standard Deduction Chart</td></tr><tr><td>NCRLINMX</td><td>maximum deduction of interest and real estate taxes</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-400 Schedule A, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDCRD1</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: higher child credit amount. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: highest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDCRD2</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: lower child credit amount. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: second highest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDCRD3</td><td>third highest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDCRD4</td><td>fourth highest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDCRD5</td><td>fifth highest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDCRD6</td><td>lowest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC11</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim higher child credit amount for single filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim highest child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC12</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim child credit for single filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim second highest child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC13</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim third highest child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC14</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fourth highest child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC15</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fifth highest child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC16</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">70000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC21</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim higher child credit amount for joint filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim highest child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC22</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim child credit for joint filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim second highest child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC23</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim third highest child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">80000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC24</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fourth highest child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC25</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fifth highest child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">120000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC26</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">140000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC41</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim higher child credit amount for head of household filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim higher child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC42</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim child credit for head of household filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim second highest child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">45000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC43</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim third highest child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC44</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fourth highest child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC45</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fifth highest child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">90000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>CHLDC46</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">105000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr><tr><td>NCTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0475</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions p. 14, Line 15 Tax Rate</td></tr><tr><td>NCMOOPRAT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-400 Schedule A, Line 7c</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-38">ND</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>North Dakota State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>NDTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 44725 225975 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>NDTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 74750 275100 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>NDTCUT4</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 59950 250550 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>NDTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.0195 0.0250</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>NDMCRMN1</td><td>minimum combined taxable income for joint filers to claim marriage penalty credit</td><td style="text-align:left">74862.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit Worksheet Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>NDMCRMN2</td><td>minimum individual qualified income of lower income spouse to claim marriage penalty credit</td><td style="text-align:left">43980.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit Worksheet Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>NDMCRLN5</td><td>amount used in the calculation of the marriage penalty credit</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit Worksheet Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>NDMCRMAX</td><td>maximum marriage penalty credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">287.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit Worksheet Line 13</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-39">OH</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Ohio State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">OHBUSMAX</td><td style="text-align:left">maximum business income deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">250000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule IT BUS, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">OHBUSRAT</td><td style="text-align:left">business income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule IT BUS, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>PEAMT1</td><td>first personal exemption amount for filers with modified AGI at or below PECUT1</td><td style="text-align:left">2400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>PEAMT2</td><td>second personal exemption amount for filers with modified AGI above PECUT1 and at or below PECUT2</td><td style="text-align:left">2150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>PEAMT3</td><td>third personal exemption amount for filers with modified AGI above PECUT2</td><td style="text-align:left">1900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>PECUT1</td><td>first threshold to determine personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>PECUT2</td><td>second threshold to determine personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">80000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>CREDELD</td><td>senior citizen credit per return</td><td style="text-align:left">50.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>ELDCUT</td><td>maximum modified AGI for senior citizen credit</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 27, Schedule of Credits, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCRRET</td><td>retirement income credit amount per return</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 27, Schedule of Credits, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>EXCRDAMT</td><td>exemption credit amount per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">20.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>MAXIEXE</td><td>maximum modified AGI (less exemptions) to claim exemption credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>MAXICCC</td><td>maximum modified AGI to claim child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>CCCUT1</td><td>maximum modified AGI to claim 100 percent of the federal child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 44, Child and Dependent Care Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>CCPCT1</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowable for filers with modified AGI equal to or greater than CCCUT1 (and less than MAXICCC)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 44, Child and Dependent Care Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>JFMININC</td><td>minimum income for each spouse to claim joint filing credit</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td>JFCMAX</td><td>maximum joint filing credit amount per return</td><td style="text-align:left">650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td>OHEITC</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line 13</td></tr><tr><td>JFILCRC</td><td>modified AGI (less exemptions) thresholds for joint filing credit</td><td style="text-align:left">25000 50000 75000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td>JFILPCT</td><td>percentage of tax liability to compute joint filing credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td>RETCUT</td><td>retirement income thresholds to determine retirement income credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">500 1500 3000 5000 8000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 43, Table 2</td></tr><tr><td>RETCAMT</td><td>retirement income credit amounts</td><td style="text-align:left">0 25 50 80 130 200</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 43, Table 2</td></tr><tr><td>OHTXCUT</td><td>income tax brackets for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 26050 100000 115300 10000000</td><td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 46, Income Tax Brackets</td></tr><tr><td>OHTXRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.02750 0.03688 0.03750</td><td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 46, Income Tax Brackets</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-40">OK</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Oklahoma State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEN</td><td>maximum public pension exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 17, Schedule 511-A, Line A5</td></tr><tr><td>MILPCT</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2022</strong>: military retirement income exclusion is the greater of this percentage of the unit&#039;s military retirement benefits and the amount in MILMIN, not to exceed the amount included in federal AGI. <strong>Tax year 2022 and after</strong>: percentage of military retirement benefits allowable for exclusion, not to exceed the amount included in federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 17, Schedule 511-A Line A4 (may exclude 100% of retirement benefits)</td></tr><tr><td>CCCCUT</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the child care credit or the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 11, Line 15</td></tr><tr><td>CTCPCT</td><td>percentage of the federal child tax credit that can be claimed</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 11, Line 15</td></tr><tr><td>CCCPCT</td><td>percentage of the federal child care credit that can be claimed</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 11, Line 15</td></tr><tr><td>MAXMILX</td><td>amount of military pay that can be excluded</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 21, Schedule 511-C Line C1 (military pay is fully excluded)</td></tr><tr><td>SPECX1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for a special additional exemption for single filers who are 65 years or older</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 9, Section F</td></tr><tr><td>SPECX2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for a special additional exemption for joint filers who are 65 years or older</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 9, Section F</td></tr><tr><td>SPECX3</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for a special additional exemption for head of household filers who are 65 years or older</td><td style="text-align:left">19000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 9, Section F</td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6350.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 10, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 10, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">9350.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 10, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>OKITMLIM</td><td>limit on state itemized deductions (charitable contributions and medical expenses are not subject to this limit)</td><td style="text-align:left">17000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 511-D, Line 7 or 511 Packet p. 10, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>PERXAMT</td><td>amount per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 511, Line 11 or 511 Packet, p. 10, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit that can be claimed</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 511-G, Line 2 or 511 Packet, p. 15, Line 28</td></tr><tr><td>OKSLIM1</td><td>first total household income limit for the sales tax relief/credit</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 52, Form 538-S Instructions, Step 2</td></tr><tr><td>OKSLIM2</td><td>second total household income limit for the sales tax relief/credit (eligible for credit if income is between first and second limit and a dependent exemption, age 65 or older, or a disability)</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 52, Form 538-S Instructions, Step 3</td></tr><tr><td>OKSALAMT</td><td>sales tax relief/credit amount per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">40.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 51, Form 538-S, Line 15</td></tr><tr><td>OKTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 1000 2500 3750 4900 7200 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">General Information / Oklahoma Tax Rates (on website)</td></tr><tr><td>OKTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 2000 5000 7500 9800 12200 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">General Information / Oklahoma Tax Rates (on website)</td></tr><tr><td>OKTRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0025 0.0075 0.0175 0.0275 0.0375 0.0475</td><td style="text-align:left">General Information / Oklahoma Tax Rates (on website)</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-41">OR</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Oregon State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PEXAMT1</td><td>personal exemption amount for each qualifying exemption below limit</td><td style="text-align:left">236.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td></tr><tr><td>PEXAMT2</td><td>personal exemption amount for each qualifying exemption above cutoff</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td></tr><tr><td>PEXCUT11</td><td>federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td></tr><tr><td>PEXCUT21</td><td>federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td></tr><tr><td>PEXCUT41</td><td>federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2605.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 146, Miscellaneous Oregon income tax information, Standard deduction</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5210.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 146, Miscellaneous Oregon income tax information, Standard deduction</td></tr><tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4195.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 146, Miscellaneous Oregon income tax information, Standard deduction</td></tr><tr><td>STDADD1</td><td>additional standard deduction for single and head of household filers age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">1200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 97, Standard deduction - Age 65 or older, blind</td></tr><tr><td>STDADD2</td><td>additional standard deduction for joint filers age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 97, Standard deduction - Age 65 or older, blind</td></tr><tr><td>RETCC1</td><td>maximum household income to claim retirement income credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">22500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td></tr><tr><td>RETCC2</td><td>maximum household income to claim retirement income credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">45000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td></tr><tr><td>MAXSS1</td><td>maximum social security benefits to claim retirement income credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">7500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td></tr><tr><td>MAXSS2</td><td>maximum social security benefits to claim retirement income credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td></tr><tr><td>HHBASE1</td><td>household income base to determine retirement income credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 110, Credit Code 811, Step 8</td></tr><tr><td>HHBASE2</td><td>household income base to determine retirement income credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 110, Credit Code 811, Step 8</td></tr><tr><td>FEDRPCT</td><td>percentage of federal pension deductible from state income (assuming retirement at 65 in 12/2023 and a 45 year career using worksheet)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.285</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 75, Subtraction Code 307</td></tr><tr><td>PCTRETD</td><td>percentage used to calculate retirement income credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.09</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 110, Credit Code 811, Step 12</td></tr><tr><td>MILEX</td><td>maximum other military income subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 21, Subtraction Code 319</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.09</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 122, Earned income credit (ORS 315.266)</td></tr><tr><td>EICPCT2</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit if youngest dependent is under three years old</td><td style="text-align:left">0.12</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 122, Earned income credit (ORS 315.266)</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCC1</td><td>maximum amount for the working family household and dependent care credit if claiming one qualifying individual</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td>Schedule OR-WFHDC, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCC2</td><td>maximum amount for the working family household and dependent care credit if claiming two or more qualifying individuals</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td>Schedule OR-WFHDC, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>ORMAXERN</td><td>federal or state AGI (whichever is greater) limits by household size for the working family household and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0 59160 74580 90000 105420 120840 136260 151680</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 125, Credit Code 895</td></tr><tr><td>ORPOVC</td><td>federal poverty guidelines for calculation of working family household and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">14580 19720 24860 30000 35140 40280 45420 50560</td><td>HHS, ASPE, Federal Poverty Guidelines 2023 (https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/01/19/2023-00885/annual-update-of-the-hhs-poverty-guidelines)</td></tr><tr><td>ORRATCUT</td><td>percentage of federal poverty guideline brackets to determine applicable percentage for the working family household and dependent care credit (income is greater of federal or state AGI)</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 110 120 130 140 150 160 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 280</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr><tr><td>ORRATMAX</td><td>maximum poverty threshold to be eligible for the working family household and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">300.0</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr><tr><td>ORWFCKD1</td><td>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child 18 years or older if disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.50 0.45 0.39 0.33 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr><tr><td>ORWFCKD2</td><td>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child at least 6 years old but less than 13, or at least 13 but less than 18 if disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05 0.15 0.25 0.35 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.66 0.61 0.56 0.50 0.45 0.42 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.04 0.04</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr><tr><td>ORWFCKD3</td><td>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child at least 3 years old but less than 6</td><td style="text-align:left">0.08 0.18 0.28 0.38 0.48 0.53 0.58 0.63 0.68 0.73 0.69 0.64 0.59 0.53 0.48 0.45 0.43 0.38 0.33 0.28 0.18 0.08 0.06 0.04</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr><tr><td>ORWFCKD4</td><td>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child under 3 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.71 0.66 0.61 0.55 0.50 0.47 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.06 0.04</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr><tr><td>ORTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 4050 10200 125000 10000000</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Marginal tax rates</td></tr><tr><td>ORTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 8100 20400 250000 10000000</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Marginal tax rates</td></tr><tr><td>ORTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 .0475 .0675 .0875 .099</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Marginal tax rates</td></tr><tr><td>ORFTCUT1</td><td>federal AGI brackets to determine federal tax liability subtraction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 125000 130000 135000 140000 145000 10000000</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 74, Table 9 Federal tax liability subtraction AGI phase-out</td></tr><tr><td>ORFTCUT2</td><td>federal AGI brackets to determine federal tax liability subtraction for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 250000 260000 270000 280000 290000 10000000</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 74, Table 9 Federal tax liability subtraction AGI phase-out</td></tr><tr><td>ORFTDED</td><td>maximum federal tax liability subtraction by federal AGI bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">7800 6250 4700 3100 1550 0</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 74, Table 9 Federal tax liability subtraction AGI phase-out</td></tr><tr><td>MEDCUT1</td><td>federal AGI brackets for the special medical subtraction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 25000 50000 100001</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 85, Special Oregon medical (ORS 316.693), Subtraction code 351, Table 11</td></tr><tr><td>MEDCUT2</td><td>federal AGI brackets for the special medical subtraction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 50000 100000 200001</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 85, Special Oregon medical (ORS 316.693), Subtraction code 351, Table 11</td></tr><tr><td>MEDAMT</td><td>maximum special medical subtraction per qualifying taxpayer</td><td style="text-align:left">1800 1400 1000 0</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 85, Special Oregon medical (ORS 316.693), Subtraction code 351, Table 11</td></tr><tr><td>ORKIDSMAX</td><td>maximum income after subtractions to qualify for the kids credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>ORKIDSPHASEOUT</td><td>income phaseout for the kids credit</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit Worksheet, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>ORKIDSINCR</td><td>increment used in the calculation of the kids credit phaseout</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>ORKIDSAMT</td><td>maximum credit per child for the kids credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit Worksheet, Line 7b</td></tr><tr><td>ORKICKCREDPCT</td><td>percentage of state tax liability to determine kicker credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4428</td><td>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19-20, Line 38</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-42">PA</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Pennsylvania State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PATAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0307</td><td style="text-align:left">Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 21, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td>REBCNT</td><td>number of columns in tax forgiveness table (Eligibility Income Table 1 and 2)</td><td style="text-align:left">10.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 39, Schedule SP (Line 21), Eligibility Income Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>REBCUT1</td><td>income brackets to determine rebate percentage for tax forgiveness for single and head of household filers (across the table by row)</td><td style="text-align:left">6500 6750 7000 7250 7500 7750 8000 8250 8500 8750 16000 16250 16500 16750 17000 17250 17500 17750 18000 18250 25500 25750 26000 26250 26500 26750 27000 27250 27500 27750 35000 35250 35500 35750 36000 36250 36500 36750 37000 37250 44500 44750 45000 45250 45500 45750 46000 46250 46500 46750 54000 54250 54500 54750 55000 55250 55500 55750 56000 56250 63500 63750 64000 64250 64500 64750 65000 65250 65500 65750 73000 73250 73500 73750 74000 74250 74500 74750 75000 75250 82500 82750 83000 83250 83500 83750 84000 84250 84500 84750 92000 92250 92500 92750 93000 93250 93500 93750 94000 94250</td><td style="text-align:left">Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 39, Schedule SP (Line 21), Eligibility Income Table 1</td></tr><tr><td>REBCUT2</td><td>income brackets to determine rebate percentage for tax forgiveness for joint filers (across the table by row)</td><td style="text-align:left">13000 13250 13500 13750 14000 14250 14500 14750 15000 15250 22500 22750 23000 23250 23500 23750 24000 24250 24500 24750 32000 32250 32500 32750 33000 33250 33500 33750 34000 34250 41500 41750 42000 42250 42500 42750 43000 43250 43500 43750 51000 51250 51500 51750 52000 52250 52500 52750 53000 53250 60500 60750 61000 61250 61500 61750 62000 62250 62500 62750 70000 70250 70500 70750 71000 71250 71500 71750 72000 72250 79500 79750 80000 80250 80500 80750 81000 81250 81500 81750 89000 89250 89500 89750 90000 90250 90500 90750 91000 91250 98500 98750 99000 99250 99500 99750 100000 100250 100500 100750</td><td style="text-align:left">Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 39, Schedule SP (Line 21), Eligibility Income Table 2</td></tr><tr><td>PACDCINC</td><td>household income above which the maximum child and dependent care credit amount decreases for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">43000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>PACDCLOW1</td><td>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with household income equal to or less than PACDCINC with one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">1050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>PACDCLOW2</td><td>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with household income equal to or less than PACDCINC with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">2100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>PACDCHIGH1</td><td>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with household income over PACDCINC with one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>PACDCHIGH2</td><td>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with household income over PACDCINC with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">1200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-43">RI</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Rhode Island State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RISTD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RISTD2</td><td>standard deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RISTD4</td><td>standard deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RIEXEMP</td><td>personal exemption amount for head, spouse, and each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">4700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CREDRAT</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care expenses credit claimable as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 6, Schedule I, Line 21</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>EICREFP</td><td>percentage of federal EITC claimable as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 6, Schedule EIC, Line 39</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RISTCT</td><td>modified federal AGI cutoff for reduced personal exemption amount</td><td style="text-align:left">233750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RIRETCT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for pension exclusion for single and head of household filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">101000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 9, Schedule M, Line 1t</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RIRETCT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for pension exclusion for joint filers with at least one spouse age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">126250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 9, Schedule M, Line 1t</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RIRETAMT</td><td>maximum pension exclusion amount</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 9, Schedule M, Line 1t</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RISSCT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for social security exclusion for single and head of household filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">101000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Taxable Social Security Income Worksheet, Step 1, Line 6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RISSCT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for social security exclusion for joint filers with at least one spouse age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">126250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Taxable Social Security Income Worksheet, Step 1, Line 6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RITCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 73450 166950 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 11, Tax Computation Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RITRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0375 0.0475 0.0599</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 11, Tax Computation Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RISTDCT</td><td>modified federal AGI cutoffs to determine reduction percentage for standard deduction (calculated using instructions)</td><td style="text-align:left">240450 247150 253850 260550 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Standard Deduction Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RISTDRT</td><td>reduction percentage for standard deduction for each cutoff</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Standard Deduction Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RIEICRAT</td><td>percentage of federal EITC that is refundable for the state EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Form RI-1040, Line 14d</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-44">SC</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>South Carolina State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>CCCPCT</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care expense credit claimable as a state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.07</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 15, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>MAXCCC</td><td>maximum state child and dependent care credit per child (up to two)</td><td style="text-align:left">210.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 15, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>TWOERAT</td><td>percentage used to calculate the two wage earner credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.007</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 16, Line 12, Two Wage Earner Credit Worksheet, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>LIM2ECR</td><td>earned income limit for two wage earner credit</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 16, Line 12, Two Wage Earner Credit Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>MAX2ECR</td><td>maximum two wage earner credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">350.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 16, Line 12, Two Wage Earner Credit Worksheet, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEND1</td><td>maximum retirement deduction for persons under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 8, Line P1 - P3</td></tr><tr><td>MAXPEND2</td><td>maximum retirement deduction for persons age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 8, Line P1 - P3</td></tr><tr><td>MXMILPN1</td><td>maximum additional amount of military retirement deduction for persons under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 10, Line P4 - P6</td></tr><tr><td>MXMILPN2</td><td>maximum additional amount of military retirement deduction for persons age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 10, Line P4 - P6</td></tr><tr><td>SCTCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 3330 16680 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form SC4972, p. 2</td></tr><tr><td>SCTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.03 0.064</td><td style="text-align:left">Form SC4972, p. 2</td></tr><tr><td>AGEDMAX</td><td>maximum income deduction for persons age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 10, Line Q</td></tr><tr><td>ADDX6AMT</td><td>additional deduction amount for each dependent under age six</td><td style="text-align:left">4610.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 12, Line T</td></tr><tr><td>EICRAT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Packet, p. 3</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-45">TN</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="10" style="text-align:left"><strong>Tennessee State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2015 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2015 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2016 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2016 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2017 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2017 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2018 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2018 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2019 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2019 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2020 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2020 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2021 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2021 Source</strong></u></td><td style="text-align:left"><u><strong>Number of parameters in arrays</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax completely phased out in 2021</td><td>1.0</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction amount for married filing jointly filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>1.0</td></tr><tr><td>TNTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.06</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left">0.02</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left">0.01</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>1.0</td></tr><tr><td>MININC1</td><td>maximum income for tax exemption for aged 65+ for single and head of household returns</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>1.0</td></tr><tr><td>MININC2</td><td>maximum income for tax exemption for aged 65+ for married filing jointly returns</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>1.0</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-46">UT</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Utah State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PEXAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount per dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">1941.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>MINTAX1</td><td>federal AGI above which filers are required to pay state income taxes for single filers </td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 9, Line 21, Step 2</td></tr><tr><td>MINTAX2</td><td>federal AGI above which filers are required to pay state income taxes for joint filers </td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 9, Line 21, Step 2</td></tr><tr><td>MINTAX4</td><td>federal AGI above which filers are required to pay state income taxes for head of household filers </td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 9, Line 21, Step 2</td></tr><tr><td>UTPENAGE</td><td>minimum age to qualify for retirement credit</td><td style="text-align:left">71.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 18, Part 3, #18</td></tr><tr><td>AGPENEX</td><td>maximum retirement credit for filers aged UTPENAGE or older</td><td style="text-align:left">450.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 18, Line 1, Retirement Credit Worksheet</td></tr><tr><td>PENCUT1</td><td>modified AGI above which the retirement credit is reduced for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 19, Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>PENCUT2</td><td>modified AGI above which the retirement credit is reduced for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 19, Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>PENPCT</td><td>percentage reduction in retirement credit </td><td style="text-align:left">0.025</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 19, Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>UTTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0465</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>INITCRED</td><td>percentage to calculate initial credit before phase-out for taxpayer tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.06</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>PHASE1</td><td>amount to deduct from taxable income to calculate income subject to phase-out for taxpayer tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16742.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td></tr><tr><td>PHASE2</td><td>amount to deduct from taxable income to calculate income subject to phase-out for taxpayer tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">33484.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td></tr><tr><td>PHASE4</td><td>amount to deduct from taxable income to calculate income subject to phase-out for taxpayer tax credit for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25114.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td></tr><tr><td>PHASEOUT</td><td>percentage to determine phase-out amount for taxpayer tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.013</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 19</td></tr><tr><td>UTSSCUT1</td><td>modified AGI cutoff for single filers for the social security credit </td><td style="text-align:left">45000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Credit Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>UTSSCUT2</td><td>modified AGI cutoff for joint and head of household filers for the social security credit </td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Credit Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>UTSSPCT</td><td>percentage used for reduction in social security credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.025</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Credit Worksheet, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>UTMILPCT</td><td>percentage used for calculation of the military retirement credit and social security credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0465</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Benefits Credit Worksheet, Line 7 and Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AJ, Military Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>UTEITPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AM, Earned Income Tax Credit Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-47">VT</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Vermont State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">7000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">14050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10550.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>STDADD</td><td>additional standard deduction for filers that are 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>PEXAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">4850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111, Line 5e</td></tr><tr><td>SSEXLIM11</td><td>maximum AGI for partial retirement income exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Retirement Income Exemption Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>SSEXLIM12</td><td>maximum AGI for full retirement income exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Social Security Exemption Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>SSEXLIM21</td><td>maximum AGI for partial retirement income exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Social Security Exemption Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>SSEXLIM22</td><td>maximum AGI for full retirement income exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">65000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Social Security Exemption Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>EICRAT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.38</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Part II, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>CREDRAT1</td><td>before 2023: percentage of federal credits allowed as state credits; beginning in 2023: percentage of federal credits (including credit for the elderly or the disabled) allowed as subtraction from income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.24</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-119, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td>CREDRAT2</td><td>percentage of the federal child and dependent care credit allowed as a refundable state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.72</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Part II, Line 2</td></tr><tr><td>VTAMTMIN</td><td>minimum federal AGI to require minimum state income tax</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>VTAMTPCT</td><td>minimum state income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>CHRTYPCT</td><td>percentage of charitable contributions that are tax deductible</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111, Line 12</td></tr><tr><td>CHRTYMAX</td><td>maximum charitable contribution deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111, Line 13</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">VTCAPEAMT</td><td style="text-align:left">maximum exclusion for net adjusted capital gains</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-153 Instructions, Part I, Flat Exclusion</td></tr><tr><td>VTTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 45400 110050 229550 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>VTTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 75850 183400 279450 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>VTTCUT4</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 60850 157150 254500 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>VTTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.0335 0.066 0.076 0.0875</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>VTCTCMAX</td><td>maximum AGI to qualify for the state child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">174000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, p. 4, Child Tax Credit Table</td></tr><tr><td>VTCTCCUT</td><td>AGI thresholds to determine the amount of the state child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">125000 126000 127000 128000 129000 130000 131000 132000 133000 134000 135000 136000 137000 138000 139000 140000 141000 142000 143000 144000 145000 146000 147000 148000 149000 150000 151000 152000 153000 154000 155000 156000 157000 158000 159000 160000 161000 162000 163000 164000 165000 166000 167000 168000 169000 170000 171000 172000 173000 174000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, p. 4, Child Tax Credit Table</td></tr><tr><td>VTCTCAMT</td><td>state child tax credit amounts corresponding to the AGI thresholds</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 980 960 940 920 900 880 860 840 820 800 780 760 740 720 700 680 660 640 620 600 580 560 540 520 500 480 460 440 420 400 380 360 340 320 300 280 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, p. 4, Child Tax Credit Table</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-48">VA</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Virginia State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>PEXMAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">930.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 9, Exemptions</td></tr><tr><td>ELDEXAMT</td><td>additional exemption amount for persons aged 65 and over or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 9, Exemptions</td></tr><tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 12, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 12, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>BASEDED</td><td>maximum age deduction for persons aged 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 10, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td>AGECUT1</td><td>maximum adjusted federal AGI to receive full age deduction for single and head of household filers </td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 11, Line 4 Worksheet Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>AGECUT2</td><td>maximum adjusted federal AGI to receive full age deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 11, Line 4 Worksheet Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>VADISMAX</td><td>maximum disability income subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 19, Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>VANOTAX1</td><td>state AGI threshold at which single and head of household filers are required to file</td><td style="text-align:left">11950.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td>VANOTAX2</td><td>state AGI threshold at which joint filers are required to file</td><td style="text-align:left">23900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760, Line 9</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">VAMOOPRAT</td><td style="text-align:left">medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">VAITMPCT1</td><td style="text-align:left">first percentage used in calculation of limited itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 4</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">VAITMPCT2</td><td style="text-align:left">second percentage used in calculation of limited itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">VAITMLIM1</td><td style="text-align:left">federal AGI threshold above which itemized deductions are limited for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">307400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">VAITMLIM2</td><td style="text-align:left">federal AGI threshold above which itemized deductions are limited for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">368900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>LIEXEMP</td><td>amount per exemption for the credit for low-income individuals</td><td style="text-align:left">300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 13</td></tr><tr><td>VAEICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as a non-refundable state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 15</td></tr><tr><td>VASPOUL5</td><td>state AGI with personal exemptions subtracted above which filer receives maximum spouse tax adjustment</td><td style="text-align:left">17000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 13, Spouse Tax Adjustment Worksheet Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>VASPOUL4</td><td>taxable income above which filers receives maximum spouse tax adjustment</td><td style="text-align:left">34000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 13, Spouse Tax Adjustment Worksheet Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>VASPOUMX</td><td>maximum amount of spouse tax adjustment</td><td style="text-align:left">259.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 13, Spouse Tax Adjustment Worksheet Line 5</td></tr><tr><td>VACUT</td><td>maximum state AGI by the number of eligible exemptions to claim the credit for low-income individuals (equal to the federal poverty guidelines; need to calculate values for more than eight exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">14580 19720 24860 30000 35140 40280 45420 50560 55700 60840 65980 71120 76260 81400 86540</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 11</td></tr><tr><td>VACUT1</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 3000 5000 17000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>VARAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.0575</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr><tr><td>VAREBMAX1</td><td>tax rebate for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://www.tax.virginia.gov/rebate">https://www.tax.virginia.gov/rebate</a></td></tr><tr><td>VAREBMAX2</td><td>tax rebate for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">400.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://www.tax.virginia.gov/rebate">https://www.tax.virginia.gov/rebate</a></td></tr><tr><td>VAEICPCTREF</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as a refundable state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 16b</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-49">WV</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>West Virginia State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>EXEMAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-140, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>MINEXAMT</td><td>minimum exemption amount (if claiming no exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-140, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>LOWERN</td><td>maximum exclusion for the low-income earned income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 29, Low-Income Earned Income Exclusion Worksheet, Line C</td></tr><tr><td>MAXAGI</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed for the low-income earned income exclusion </td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 29, Low-Income Earned Income Exclusion Worksheet, Line A</td></tr><tr><td>MXDISAMT</td><td>maximum income deduction for filers aged 65 and over or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 27-28, Line 47, Example of Senior Citizen Deduction Calculation</td></tr><tr><td>MILMAX1</td><td>maximum initial deduction for military retirement income</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 30</td></tr><tr><td>GOVPENEX</td><td>maximum deduction for state and federal retirement income</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 31</td></tr><tr><td>WVSSPCT</td><td>percentage of social security benefits allowable as a deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 32</td></tr><tr><td>WVSSLIM1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for social security deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 32</td></tr><tr><td>WVSSLIM2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for social security deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 32</td></tr><tr><td>WVRBCT1</td><td>modified federal AGI brackets by the number of family members in the household  to determine the family tax credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">14580 14880 15180 15480 15780 16080 16380 16680 16980 17280 19720 20020 20320 20620 20920 21220 21520 21820 22120 22420 24860 25160 25460 25760 26060 26360 26660 26960 27260 27560 30000 30300 30600 30900 31200 31500 31800 32100 32400 32700 35140 35440 35740 36040 36340 36640 36940 37240 37540 37840 40280 40580 40880 41180 41480 41780 42080 42380 42680 42980 45420 45720 46020 46320 46620 46920 47220 47520 47820 48120 50560 50860 51160 51460 51760 52060 52360 52660 52960 53260</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 12, Family Tax Credit Tables</td></tr><tr><td>WVTCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10000 25000 40000 60000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr><tr><td>WVTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0236 0.0315 0.0354 0.0472 0.0512</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-50">WI</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Wisconsin State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>UNEMPC1</td><td>amount for calculation of unemployment compensation subtraction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 2, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>UNEMPC2</td><td>amount for calculation of unemployment compensation subtraction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 2, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr><tr><td>AGIEXCL</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum AGI to claim disability income exclusion for single or head of household filers.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: amount used to calculate the limitation on disability income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 2440W, Line 5b</td></tr><tr><td>DISAGI1</td><td>maximum AGI to claim disability income exclusion for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 9, Line 22</td></tr><tr><td>DISAGI2</td><td>maximum AGI to claim disability income exclusion for joint filers (if both spouses are eligible)</td><td style="text-align:left">25400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 9, Line 22</td></tr><tr><td>WISDIS</td><td>maximum disability income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 9, Line 22</td></tr><tr><td>WIMAXPEN</td><td>maximum retirement income subtraction for filers 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 7, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>WIPENCT1</td><td>maximum AGI for the retirement income subtraction for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 7, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>WIPENCT2</td><td>maximum AGI for the retirement income subtraction for joint filers </td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 7, Line 16</td></tr><tr><td>PEXEMP1</td><td>personal exemption amount for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 16, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>PEXEMP2</td><td>additional exemption amount for persons aged 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 16, Line 10</td></tr><tr><td>BASINC1</td><td>maximum income to claim full standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18399.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>MAXINC1</td><td>maximum income to claim any standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">124733.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>BASSTD1</td><td>maximum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12760.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>CHGDED1</td><td>percentage to calculate standard deduction reduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.12</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>BASINC2</td><td>maximum income to claim full standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">26549.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>MAXINC2</td><td>maximum income to claim any standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">145976.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>BASSTD2</td><td>maximum standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">23620.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>CHGDED2</td><td>percentage to calculate standard deduction reduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.19778</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>BASINC4</td><td>maximum income to claim full standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18399.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>MAXINC4</td><td>maximum income to claim any standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">124733.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>BASSTD4</td><td>maximum standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16480.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>CHGDED4</td><td>percentage to calculate standard deduction reduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.22515</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>SWITCH4</td><td>income amount for head of household filers to switch to single filer reduction rate</td><td style="text-align:left">53778.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr><tr><td>RATCRED</td><td>rate for the itemized deduction credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1, Schedule 1, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>MCCUT</td><td>maximum income for the married couple credit</td><td style="text-align:left">16000.0</td><td>Form 1, Schedule 2, Line 6</td></tr><tr><td>MCCRAT</td><td>rate for the married couple credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td>Form 1, Schedule 2, Line 7</td></tr><tr><td>MAXMCC</td><td>maximum married couple credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">480.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1, Schedule 2, Line 8</td></tr><tr><td>EICRAT1</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit claimable as a state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 28,  Line 29</td></tr><tr><td>EICRAT2</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit claimable as a state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.11</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 28,  Line 29</td></tr><tr><td>EICRAT3</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit claimable as a state earned income tax credit for filers with three or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.34</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 28,  Line 29</td></tr><tr><td>WSCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 13810 27630 304170 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">WI Tax Rates</td></tr><tr><td>WSCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 18420 36840 405550 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">WI Tax Rates</td></tr><tr><td>WSTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.035 0.044 0.053 0.0765</td><td style="text-align:left">WI Tax Rates</td></tr><tr><td>WICCCPCT</td><td>percent of federal child and dependent care credit claimable as a state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td>Form 1, Line 14</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<h2 id="sheet-51">Source</h2>
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<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left"><strong>Source of Tax Updates</strong></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left"><em>Note: Links to source of tax forms and instructions may change frequently. Links are active as of February 2024.</em></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><u><strong>State</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Tax Forms to Download</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Notes</strong></u></td></tr><tr><td>Federal</td><td>Form 1040
Form 1040 Instructions
Form 1040 Schedule 1
Form 1040 Schedule 2
Form 1040 Schedule 3
Form 1040 Schedule 8812
Form 1040 Schedule 8812 Instructions
Form 1040 Schedule A
Form 1040 Schedule R
Form 1040 Schedule R Instructions
Form 1040 Schedule SE
Form 2441
Form 6251
Form 6251 Instructions
Form 8995</td><td><a href="https://www.irs.gov/forms-instructions"><u>https://www.irs.gov/forms-instructions</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Alabama</td><td>Form 40
Form 40 Booklet
Schedule ABCD
Tax Rates in Alabama FAQ</td><td><a href="https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/forms/?jsf=jet-data-table:form-table&amp;_s=form%2040"><u>https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/forms/?jsf=jet-data-table:form-table&amp;_s=form%2040</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Alaska</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="http://www.tax.alaska.gov/programs/programs/index.aspx?10001"><u>http://www.tax.alaska.gov/programs/programs/index.aspx?10001</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Arizona</td><td>Form 140 Booklet
Form 140 Schedule A
Form 140 Schedule A Instructions
Form 321
Form 321 Instructions
Tax Conformity FAQ</td><td><a href="https://azdor.gov/forms/individual"><u>https://azdor.gov/forms/individual
https://azdor.gov/about/legal-research/conformity-irc
https://azdor.gov/forms/individual-income-tax-highlights</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Arkansas</td><td>Form AR3
Form AR1000F
Form AR1000F Instructions
Form AR2441
Form AR4684
Indexed tax brackets</td><td><a href="https://www.dfa.arkansas.gov/income-tax/individual-income-tax/forms/"><u>https://www.dfa.arkansas.gov/income-tax/individual-income-tax/forms/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>California</td><td>Form 540
Form 540 Instructions
Form 540 Booklet
Form 3506
Form 3506 Instructions
Form 3514
Form 3514 Instructions
Schedule CA
Schedule CA Instructions
Schedule P
Schedule P Instructions
Form 1040 Instructions (federal)
Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy Center</td><td><a href="https://www.ftb.ca.gov/"><u>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/
</u></a></td><td>Must request instructions forms through email</td></tr><tr><td>Colorado</td><td>Form 104
Form 104 Booklet
Form 104AD
Form 104AMT
Form DR0347
Form 104CR
Form 104CN
Form 104TN </td><td><a href="https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/tax/individual-income-forms"><u>https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/tax/individual-income-forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Connecticut</td><td>CT-1040
CT-1040 Booklet</td><td><a href="https://portal.ct.gov/DRS/DRS-Forms/Current-Year-Forms/Individual-Income-Tax-Forms"><u>https://portal.ct.gov/DRS/DRS-Forms/Current-Year-Forms/Individual-Income-Tax-Forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Delaware</td><td>Individual Income Tax Booklet</td><td><a href="https://revenue.delaware.gov/forms/"><u>https://revenue.delaware.gov/forms/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DC</td><td>Form D-40 Booklet
Form D-2440</td><td><a href="http://otr.cfo.dc.gov/node/424492"><u>http://otr.cfo.dc.gov/node/424492</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Florida</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="http://floridarevenue.com/dor/eservices/filepay.html"><u>http://floridarevenue.com/dor/eservices/filepay.html</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Georgia</td><td>Form 500
IT-511 Booklet</td><td><a href="https://dor.georgia.gov/taxes/all-tax-forms"><u>https://dor.georgia.gov/taxes/all-tax-forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hawaii</td><td>Form N11
Form N11 Instructions
Schedule X
Form N-311
Form CR Instructions</td><td><a href="http://tax.hawaii.gov/forms/a1_b1_1income/"><u>http://tax.hawaii.gov/forms/a1_b1_1income/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Idaho</td><td>Form 39R
Form 40
Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions
Individual income tax rate schedule</td><td><a href="https://tax.idaho.gov/m-formpub.cfm"><u>https://tax.idaho.gov/m-formpub.cfm
https://tax.idaho.gov/i-1110.cfm#sub9
https://tax.idaho.gov/taxes/income-tax/individual-income/forms/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Illinois</td><td>Form IL-1040
Form IL-1040 Instructions
Schedule ICR
Schedule ICR Instructions
Schedule IL-EIC
Schedule IL-EIC Instructions</td><td><a href="https://www2.illinois.gov/rev/forms/incometax/Pages/currentyear/individual.aspx"><u>https://www2.illinois.gov/rev/forms/incometax/Pages/currentyear/individual.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Indiana</td><td>Form IT-40
Form IT-40 Booklet
Form IT-2440
Schedule CT-40</td><td><a href="http://www.in.gov/dor/3489.htm"><u>http://www.in.gov/dor/3489.htm</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Iowa</td><td>Form IA 1040
Form IA 1040 Expanded Instructions
Form IA 2440
Form IA 104
Schedule A
Tax rates</td><td><a href="https://tax.iowa.gov/"><u>https://tax.iowa.gov/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Kansas</td><td>Form K-40
Form K-40 Instructions
Schedule S</td><td><a href="http://www.ksrevenue.org/forms-perstax.html"><u>http://www.ksrevenue.org/forms-perstax.html</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Kentucky</td><td>Form 740
Form 740 Instructions
Form Schedule P
Form Schedule ITC</td><td><a href="http://revenue.ky.gov/Individual/Individual-Income-Tax/Pages/default.aspx"><u>http://revenue.ky.gov/Individual/Individual-Income-Tax/Pages/default.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Louisiana</td><td>Form IT-540
Form IT-540 Instructions
Form IT-540 Tax Table
Individual income tax rates</td><td><a href="https://revenue.louisiana.gov/Forms/ForIndividuals"><u>https://revenue.louisiana.gov/Forms/ForIndividuals</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Maine</td><td>Form 1040ME
Form 1040ME Instructions
Form 1040ME Schedule A
Form 1040ME Schedule PTFC
Form 1040ME Schedule 1A
Form 1040ME Schedule 1S
Form 1040ME Schedule 2
Earned Income Tax Credit Worksheet
Tax rate schedule</td><td><a href="http://www.state.me.us/revenue/incomeestate/1040/1040.html"><u>http://www.state.me.us/revenue/incomeestate/1040/1040.html</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Maryland</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet
Form 502
Form 502CR</td><td><a href="http://taxes.marylandtaxes.com/Individual_Taxes/General_Information/Individual_Tax_Forms_and_Instructions/Income_Tax_Forms/"><u>http://taxes.marylandtaxes.com/Individual_Taxes/General_Information/Individual_Tax_Forms_and_Instructions/Income_Tax_Forms/
</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Massachusetts</td><td>Form 1
Form 1 Instructions</td><td><a href="http://www.mass.gov/dor/individuals/"><u>http://www.mass.gov/dor/individuals/
http://www.mass.gov/dor/forms/personal-income/
</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Michigan</td><td>Form MI-1040
Form MI-1040 Instructions
Schedule 1 Instructions</td><td><a href="https://www.michigan.gov/taxes/0,4676,7-238-44143---,00.html"><u>https://www.michigan.gov/taxes/0,4676,7-238-44143---,00.html</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Minnesota</td><td>Schedule M1
Schedule M1 Instructions
Schedule M1CD
Schedule M1DQC
Schedule M1M
Schedule M1MA
Schedule M1R
Schedule M1SA
Schedule M1CWFC</td><td><a href="http://www.revenue.state.mn.us/Pages/default.aspx"><u>http://www.revenue.state.mn.us/Pages/default.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mississippi</td><td>Form 80-105
Form 80-108
Income Tax Instruction Booklet (Form 10-100)</td><td><a href="http://www.dor.ms.gov/Pages/default.aspx"><u>http://www.dor.ms.gov/Pages/default.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Missouri</td><td>Income Tax Reference Guide
Form MO-1040
Form MO-1040 Instructions
Tax chart</td><td><a href="http://dor.mo.gov/personal/individual/"><u>http://dor.mo.gov/personal/individual/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Montana</td><td>Income tax rates
Form 2
Form 2 Booklet
Form 2441-M</td><td><a href="http://revenue.mt.gov/home/forms"><u>http://revenue.mt.gov/home/forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nebraska</td><td>Individual Income Tax Booklet
Tax Calculation Schedule
Form 2441N</td><td><a href="https://revenue.nebraska.gov/about/forms/individual-income-tax-forms"><u>https://revenue.nebraska.gov/about/forms/individual-income-tax-forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nevada</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="https://tax.nv.gov/FAQs/Information_About_Nevadas_Taxes_and_The_Department/"><u>https://tax.nv.gov/FAQs/Information_About_Nevadas_Taxes_and_The_Department/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>New Hampshire</td><td>Form DP-10
Form DP-10 Instructions</td><td><a href="http://www.revenue.nh.gov/forms/interest-dividends.htm"><u>http://www.revenue.nh.gov/forms/interest-dividends.htm</u></a></td><td>Current year forms available online. Past years must be requested via email.</td></tr><tr><td>New Jersey</td><td>Form NJ-1040
Form NJ-1040 Instructions</td><td><a href="http://www.state.nj.us/treasury/taxation/"><u>http://www.state.nj.us/treasury/taxation/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>New Mexico</td><td>Form PIT-1
Form PIT-1 Instructions
Form PIT-ADJ
Form PIT-ADJ Instructions
Form PIT-RC
Form PIT-RC Instructions</td><td><a href="http://tax.newmexico.gov/Individuals/personal-income-tax-forms.aspx"><u>http://tax.newmexico.gov/Individuals/personal-income-tax-forms.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>New York</td><td>Form IT-196
Form IT-196 Instructions
Form IT-201
Form IT-201 Instructions
Form IT-213
Form IT-213 Instructions
Form IT-215
Form IT-215 Instructions
Form IT-216
Form IT-216 Instructions
Form IT-221
Form IT-221 Instructions</td><td><a href="https://www.tax.ny.gov/forms/income_cur_forms.htm"><u>https://www.tax.ny.gov/forms/income_cur_forms.htm</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>North Carolina</td><td>Form D-400
Form D-400 Instructions
Form D-400 Schedule S
Form D-400TC
Tax Law Changes</td><td><a href="https://www.ncdor.gov/taxes-forms/individual-income-tax-forms-instructions"><u>https://www.ncdor.gov/taxes-forms/individual-income-tax-forms-instructions</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>North Dakota</td><td>Form ND-1
Form ND-1 Booklet</td><td><a href="https://www.tax.nd.gov/forms"><u>https://www.tax.nd.gov/forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ohio</td><td>Form IT 1040
Form IT 1040 Booklet
Form IT Schedule of Credits
Form IT BUS</td><td><a href="http://www.tax.ohio.gov/Individual.aspx"><u>http://www.tax.ohio.gov/Individual.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oklahoma</td><td>Form 511 Packet
Oklahoma Tax Rates</td><td><a href="https://www.ok.gov/tax/Forms_&amp;_Publications/Forms/Income/"><u>https://www.ok.gov/tax/Forms_&amp;_Publications/Forms/Income/
https://oklahoma.gov/tax/individuals/pay-taxes.html#RATES</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Oregon</td><td>Form 40 
Form 40 Instructions
Publication OR-17
Schedule OR-A
Schedule OR-ASC
Schedule OR-WFHDC
Schedule OR-WFHDC Instructions</td><td><a href="http://www.oregon.gov/DOR/programs/individuals/Pages/default.aspx"><u>http://www.oregon.gov/DOR/programs/individuals/Pages/default.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pennsylvania</td><td>Form PA-40
Form PA-40IN
Form PA-40SP</td><td><a href="http://www.revenue.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx"><u>http://www.revenue.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Rhode Island</td><td>Form 1040
Form 1040 Resident Instructions
Schedule M
Social Security Worksheet
Standard Deduction Worksheet</td><td><a href="http://www.tax.ri.gov/"><u>http://www.tax.ri.gov/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>South Carolina</td><td>Form SC1040
Form SC1040 Instructions
SC Individual Income Tax Packet 
Form SC4972</td><td><a href="https://dor.sc.gov/"><u>https://dor.sc.gov/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>South Dakota</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="http://dor.sd.gov/Taxes/Business_Taxes/"><u>http://dor.sd.gov/Taxes/Business_Taxes/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tennessee</td><td>Individual Income Tax Return</td><td><a href="http://www.tn.gov/revenue/section/tax-resources"><u>http://www.tn.gov/revenue/section/tax-resources</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Texas</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="https://comptroller.texas.gov/taxes/"><u>https://comptroller.texas.gov/taxes/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Utah</td><td>Form TC-40
Form TC-40 Instructions</td><td><a href="http://tax.utah.gov/forms-pubs/"><u>http://tax.utah.gov/forms-pubs/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Vermont</td><td>Form IN-111
Form IN-111 Instructions
Schedule IN-112
Schedule IN-112 Instructions
Schedule IN-119
Schedule IN-119 Instructions
Schedule IN-153
Schedule IN-153 Instructions</td><td><a href="http://tax.vermont.gov/"><u>http://tax.vermont.gov/</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Virginia</td><td>Form 760
Form 760 Instructions
Schedule A
Schedule ADJ</td><td><a href="https://www.tax.virginia.gov/forms"><u>https://www.tax.virginia.gov/forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Washington</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="https://dor.wa.gov/find-taxes-rates/income-tax"><u>https://dor.wa.gov/find-taxes-rates/income-tax</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>West Virginia</td><td>Form IT-140
Form IT-140 Booklet</td><td><a href="http://tax.wv.gov/Individuals/Pages/Individuals.aspx"><u>http://tax.wv.gov/Individuals/Pages/Individuals.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wisconsin</td><td>Form 1
Form 1 Instructions
Form 1-ES Instructions
Schedule 2440W
Schedule AD Instructions
Schedule SB Instructions</td><td><a href="https://www.revenue.wi.gov/Pages/HTML/formpub.aspx"><u>https://www.revenue.wi.gov/Pages/HTML/formpub.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wyoming</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="http://revenue.wyo.gov/"><u>http://revenue.wyo.gov/</u></a></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
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<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="sheet-1">State Policies</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="13" style="text-align:left"><strong>State Income Tax Policies in 2023</strong></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td colspan="7" style="text-align:center"><u><strong>Conformity with Federal Tax Changes<strong> </strong><strong>1</strong></strong></u></td><td colspan="3" style="text-align:center"><u><strong>Presence of State Credits</strong></u></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>State</strong></u></td><td><strong>Must itemize if itemized on federal return?</strong></td><td><strong>Repeal of Deduction of Theft Losses and Casualty Losses (other than for national disasters)</strong></td><td><strong>Repeal of Deduction of Misc Expenses</strong></td><td><strong>State and Local Tax (SALT) Deduction Cap ($10,000)</strong></td><td><strong>Charity Limit in 2020 ($300 for non-itemizers; limit at 100% of AGI)</strong></td><td><strong>Charity Limit in 2021 ($600 for non-itemizers; limit at 100% of AGI)</strong></td><td><strong>Charity Limit in 2022 and 2023 (return to 60% of AGI for itemizers)</strong></td><td><strong>UI Exclusion from Income</strong></td><td><strong>Child Tax Credit (CTC)</strong></td><td><strong>Child and Dependent Care Credit</strong></td><td><strong>Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)</strong></td><td><strong>Aspects of State Income Tax Not Currently Captured</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td>Federal</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Charitable contribution limitation remains at 100% of AGI, plus $300 limit for non-itemizers.</td><td>Charitable contribution limitation remains at 100% of AGI, plus $600 limit for non-itemizers.</td><td>Charitable contribution returns to 60% of AGI for itemizers.</td><td>Removed for 2021</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Standard deduction of $300/$600 in charitable contribution not implemented. Charity is imputed from IRS SOI, and it only exists for itemizing households in SOI.
Individual Mandate not tracked; cannot accurate capture health insurance status/exemption.
OASDI tax deferral not tracked, since it&#039;s paid in following year
Non-taxable loans from retirement plans
For states that use same filing status as federal returns, we currently determine deduction type using federal status; should implement code to take standard or itemized deductions by sum of federal and state deductions.</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>States</strong></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Alabama</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Alaska</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>Arizona</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Unable to capture credits for various contributions, non-dependent exemptions. Not tracking reduced AZ charitable contributions since not tracking federal</td></tr>
<tr><td>Arkansas</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td>credit for dependents with developmental disabilities</td></tr>
<tr><td>California</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps in health insurance.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Colorado</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Connecticut</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Delaware</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>DC</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Homeowner and Renter property tax credit could be added if we have rent data. Does not model ELC, since &quot;child development facility&quot; expenses cannot be captured. Does not capture non-custodial parent EITC. We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps in health insurance.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Florida</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>Georgia</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Hawaii</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Can&#039;t identify people in military reserve for deduction.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Idaho</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>n/a</td><td>First-time home buyer deduction is significant but cannot be captured from ASEC</td></tr>
<tr><td>Illinois</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Indiana</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Partial UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Currently not tracking AGI limits for Indiana EIC as they are slightly different from federal AGI limit (also different for Indiana self-employed and clergy workers). County tax rates are weighted average for the whole state.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Iowa</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>In Iowa, it is more adventageous for married couples to file separately. I think this accounts for most of the difference between our tax model and the Bakija tax model / aggregate tax targets. Do we want to consider coding married filing separately for certain states?</td></tr>
<tr><td>Kansas</td><td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Kentucky</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>n/a</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Louisiana</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>If the number of parameters in the latcut1 and latcut2 arrays changes, double check the SAS code. There is some hard coding that may need to change if the number of items in the arrays change. </td></tr>
<tr><td>Maine</td><td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Cannot capture quality child care provider for double child care credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>Maryland</td><td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion for some filers, otherwise uses federal AGI.</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>We don&#039;t model the state&#039;s military pay exclusion (which they enacted in tax year 2017) because it only applies to military pay received while serving overseas.

Maryland EIP is not captured as it uses 2019 tax return (available to those who qualify for EITC in 2019)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Massachusetts</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Limited UI exclusion for some filers.</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps in health insurance.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Michigan</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>In 2018, Michigan added retirement benefits for some retirees who are not covered by Social Security, but we are not modeling this at this time. Cannot capture qualified benefits from deceased spouse.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Minnesota</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Mississippi</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td style="text-align:left">Y</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td style="text-align:left">Cannot track qualifying charitable contribution credits.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Missouri</td><td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Cannot capture earnings portion of state and local income taxes for component in itemized deduction. Cannot capture business income deduction from Missouri-source.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Montana</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Nebraska</td><td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Doesn&#039;t model military retirement benefits exclusion as the model might overestimate the number of people eligible since one could retire with full pension as early as 37 and one must file for the exclusion within 2 year of retirement.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Nevada</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>New Hampshire</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>New Jersey</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>We don&#039;t model the state&#039;s property tax deduction, because while we could model the deduction for homeowners the state also allows renters to deduct a certain percentage of their rent (which we cannot model). We decided not to model at all to prevent inaccurate distributional effects. 
State also has an additional exemption for veterans, but we don&#039;t have information on the CPS about veteran status.
We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps in health insurance.</td></tr>
<tr><td>New Mexico</td><td>Yes</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>New York</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Higher tax rates and brackets as AGI never exceed 5 million due to top-coding. New York city child credit not modeled cannot disentangle share of expenses spent on children under 4 in NYC, will not include in model</td></tr>
<tr><td>North Carolina</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>North Dakota</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Ohio</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Oklahoma</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Oregon</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Pennsylvania</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Rhode Island</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps in health insurance.</td></tr>
<tr><td>South Carolina</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>No exclusion</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>South Dakota</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>Tennessee</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>Texas</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>Utah</td><td>Yes</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>No</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Vermont</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Virginia</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Full UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Washington</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>West Virginia</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td></td><td>Conforms to federal</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Wisconsin</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Y</td><td></td><td></td><td>Partial UI exclusion under state law</td><td>n/a</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Wyoming</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td>n/a (no state tax)</td><td><u><em><strong>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</strong></em></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>Total number of states</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>24.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td>0.0</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>1 See https://taxfoundation.org/state-conformity-federal-tax-reform/ for more information.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-2">Introduction</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th><strong>Brief Documentation for Federal and State Tax Parameter Workbook: 2023</strong></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>The Census Bureau imputes federal, state, and payroll tax liabilities and tax credits via a microsimulation tax model using the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS ASEC), the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Statistics of Income Public Use File (SOI PUF), and information from federal and state tax forms and instructions. The microsimulation model contains two primary components: a collection of SAS programs and a workbook of federal and state tax parameters.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>This federal and state parameter workbook holds the key parameters that are used in the calculation of federal and state income taxes for the 2023 CPS ASEC tax model. In addition, the workbook describes where the parameters can be found in tax forms and/or instructions, making it easier to reference additional information on the parameter and to update the parameter each year.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>In this workbook, there is a spreadsheet with all the parameters needed to calculate federal payroll and income tax, plus spreadsheets with the parameters for each state with an income tax. Each of the spreadsheets follows the same structure. The first column in each spreadsheet (“Parameter”) includes the variable name used for the parameter in the tax model SAS programs. The second column (“Description”) provides a brief description of what is captured by the parameter. The third column (“2023 Value”) contains the numerical parameter or array for tax year 2023. The fourth column (“2023 Source”) describes where the value can be found in federal or state tax forms and/or instructions.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>There are limitations to the information captured in the parameter workbook. Refer to the full documentation of the federal and state parameter workbook for a description of the limitations (https://www2.census.gov/library/working-papers/2024/demo/Federal_and_State_Tax_Parameter_Workbook_Documentation_TY2023.pdf). </td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>We welcome the comments and questions of data users. Additionally, feel free to reach out to request a 508 compliant version of the document or other accommodation. For comments, questions, and requests, please email: sehsd.isb.list@census.gov. </td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Table of Contents</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-3"><u>Federal</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-4"><u>AL</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-5"><u>AZ</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-6"><u>AR</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-7"><u>CA</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-8"><u>CO</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-9"><u>CT</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-10"><u>DE</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-11"><u>DC</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-12"><u>GA</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-13"><u>HI</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-14"><u>ID</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-15"><u>IL</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-16"><u>IN</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-17"><u>IN local</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-18"><u>IA</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-19"><u>IA local</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-20"><u>KS</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-21"><u>KY</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-22"><u>LA</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-23"><u>ME</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-24"><u>MD</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-25"><u>MD local</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-26"><u>MA</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-27"><u>MI</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-28"><u>MN</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-29"><u>MS</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-30"><u>MO</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-31"><u>MT</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-32"><u>NE</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-33"><u>NH</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-34"><u>NJ</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-35"><u>NM</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-36"><u>NY</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-37"><u>NC</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-38"><u>ND</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-39"><u>OH</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-40"><u>OK</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-41"><u>OR</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-42"><u>PA</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-43"><u>RI</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-44"><u>SC</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-46"><u>UT</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-47"><u>VT</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-48"><u>VA</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-49"><u>WV</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-50"><u>WI</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#sheet-51"><u>Source</u></a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Suggested citation: Shantz, Katie (2024). <em>Federal and State Tax Parameter Workbook: 2023</em>. U.S. Census Bureau. https://www2.census.gov/library/working-papers/2024/demo/Federal_and_State_Tax_Parameter_Workbook_TY2023.xlsx </td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-3">Federal</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Federal Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXFICA</td><td>maximum earnings taxed for old-age, survivors, and disability insurance (OASDI)</td><td style="text-align:left">160200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/OACT/COLA/cbb.html#Series)</td></tr>
<tr><td>OASITAX</td><td>old-age and survivors insurance trust fund tax rate (OASI tax)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.053</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/oasdiRates.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>DITAX</td><td>disability insurance trust fund tax rate (DI tax)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.009</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/oasdiRates.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>HITAX</td><td>medicare&#039;s hospital insurance tax rate (HI tax)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0145</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED136</td><td>additional hospital insurance tax rate for high earners</td><td style="text-align:left">0.009</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html notes at bottom)</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED137</td><td>minimum additional hospital insurance income for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html notes at bottom)</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED138</td><td>minimum additional hospital insurance income for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">250000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html notes at bottom)</td></tr>
<tr><td>CSRSTAX</td><td>retirement tax rate for civil service retirement system (assumption: multiple old CSRS documents indicate that federal employees had to contribute 7 percent and agencies were matching that percentage. Federal employees who started their federal career before 1987 is eligible for CSRS.)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.07</td><td style="text-align:left">Civil Service Retirement (https://www.cbp.gov/node/362203/printable/print)</td></tr>
<tr><td>CSRSCOV</td><td>current percentage of federal employees using civil service retirement system (CSRS) instead of federal employee retirement system (FERS)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0077</td><td style="text-align:left">Emailed: data.requests@opm.gov, percentage as of September 2023</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED146</td><td>age approximation for civil service retirement system (assumption: age in current year if they were 18 in 1987)</td><td style="text-align:left">55.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Civil Service Retirement (assumption)</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED7</td><td>income cutoff for self-employment tax</td><td style="text-align:left">400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Schedule SE, Section A Line 4c</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED8</td><td>taxable percentage of self-employment income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.9235</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Schedule SE, Section A Line 4a</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED9</td><td>combined FICA tax rate for self-employment income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.153</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED10</td><td>medicare&#039;s hospital insurance tax rate for self-employment income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.029</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED11</td><td>old-age and survivors insurance trust fund tax rate for self-employment income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.124</td><td style="text-align:left">FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.htmll)</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED12</td><td>social security benefit cutoff for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED13</td><td>social security benefit cutoff for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED14</td><td>social security benefit exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">9000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED15</td><td>social security benefit exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED16</td><td>maximum individual retirement arrangement (IRA) deduction for filers under the age of 50</td><td style="text-align:left">6500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 93,  IRA Deduction Worksheet Line 1b</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED17</td><td>maximum individual retirement arrangement (IRA) deduction for filers age 50 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">7500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 93,  IRA Deduction Worksheet Line 1b</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICTOP00</td><td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with zero children to be eligible for the earned income tax credit (EITC)</td><td style="text-align:left">17640.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICTOP01</td><td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with zero children to be eligible for the EITC </td><td style="text-align:left">24210.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICTOP10</td><td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with one child to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">46560.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICTOP11</td><td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with one child to be eligible for the EITC </td><td style="text-align:left">53120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICTOP20</td><td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with two children to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">52918.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICTOP21</td><td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with two children to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">59478.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICTOP30</td><td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with three or more children to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">56838.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICTOP31</td><td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with three or more children to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">63398.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040 Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXINVST</td><td>maximum investment income to be eligible for the EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">11000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, Earned Income Credit Section Step 2 Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL01</td><td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with zero children</td><td style="text-align:left">7840.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICR01</td><td>EITC credit rate with zero children  </td><td style="text-align:left">0.0765</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL02S</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of household filers with zero children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">9800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL02J</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with zero children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">16370.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married value increase in footnotes </td></tr>
<tr><td>EICR02</td><td>EITC phaseout rate with zero children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0765</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL11</td><td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with one child</td><td style="text-align:left">11750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICR11</td><td>EITC credit rate with one child </td><td style="text-align:left">0.34</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL12S</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of household filers with one child (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">21560.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL12J</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with one child (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">28120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married value increase in footnotes </td></tr>
<tr><td>EICR12</td><td>EITC phaseout rate with one child </td><td style="text-align:left">0.1598</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL21</td><td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with two children</td><td style="text-align:left">16510.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICR21</td><td>EITC credit rate with two children </td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL22S</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of household filers with two children (beginning income for the phaseout) </td><td style="text-align:left">21560.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL22J</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with two children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">28120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married value increase in footnotes </td></tr>
<tr><td>EICR22</td><td>EITC phaseout rate with two children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2106</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL31</td><td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with three or more children </td><td style="text-align:left">16510.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICR31</td><td>EITC credit rate with three or more children </td><td style="text-align:left">0.45</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL32S</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of household filers with three or more children (beginning income for the phaseout) </td><td style="text-align:left">21560.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICL32J</td><td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with three or more children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td><td style="text-align:left">28120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married value increase in footnotes </td></tr>
<tr><td>EICR32</td><td>EITC phaseout rate with three or more children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2106</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Parameters (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED40</td><td>earned income cutoff for the standard deduction for dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED41</td><td>standard deduction for dependents if earned income is greater than the earned income cutoff</td><td style="text-align:left">400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED42</td><td>standard deduction for dependents if earned income is less than the earned income cutoff</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED43</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED44</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED45</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34,  Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED46</td><td>standard deduction for dependents age 65 and older or blind for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 4B</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED47</td><td>standard deduction for dependents age 65 and older or blind for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 4B</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED48</td><td>single filers with “1” in the box (for filers age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">15700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED49</td><td>single filers with “2” in the box (for filers age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">17550.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED50</td><td>joint filers with “1” in the box (for filers and/or spouses age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">29200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED51</td><td>joint filers with “2” in the box (for filers and/or spouses age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">30700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED52</td><td>joint filers with “3” in the box (for filers and/or spouses age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">32200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED53</td><td>joint filers with “4” in the box (for filers and/or spouses age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">33700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED54</td><td>head of household filers with “1” in the box (for filers age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">22650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED55</td><td>head of household filers with “2” in the box (for filer age 65 and older and/or blind)</td><td style="text-align:left">24500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED157</td><td>percentage of deduction allowed of net qualified business income component, qualified real estate investment trust (REIT) component, and income limitation</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 8995, Qualified Business Income Deduction - Simplified Computation Lines 5, 9, and 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED147</td><td>percentage of federal AGI above which medical and dental expenses can be deducted for filers and spouses age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Schedule A, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED148</td><td>percentage of federal AGI above which medical and dental expenses can be deducted for filers and spouses under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Schedule A, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED153</td><td>limitation on state and local tax deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Schedule A, Line 5e</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED64</td><td>first threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">44625.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED65</td><td>first threshold of the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">89250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED66</td><td>first threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">59750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED67</td><td>qualified dividends and capital gains rate under second threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 18</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED68</td><td>qualified dividends and capital gains rate under first threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED69</td><td>qualified dividends and capital gains above second threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 21</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED139</td><td>second threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">492300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 13</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED140</td><td>second threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">553850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 13</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED141</td><td>second threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends and capital gains tax for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">523050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet Line 13</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED70</td><td>alternative minimum tax (AMT) exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">81300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED71</td><td>AMT exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">126500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED72</td><td>alternative minimum taxable income threshold to be eligible for the AMT exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">578150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED73</td><td>alternative minimum taxable income threshold to be eligible for the AMT exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1156300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED74</td><td>AMT income cutoff </td><td style="text-align:left">220700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II Line 7, Part III Line 18, and Part III Line 39</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED75</td><td>AMT percentage if income is less than the cutoff in FED74</td><td style="text-align:left">0.26</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED76</td><td>AMT percentage used to calculate AMT exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251 Instructions, p. 9, Exemption Worksheet, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED77</td><td>AMT income subtraction if income is greater than the cutoff in FED74</td><td style="text-align:left">4414.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED78</td><td>AMT percentage if income is greater than the cutoff in FED74</td><td style="text-align:left">0.28</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part II Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED154</td><td>first AMT percentage using maximum capital gains rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part III Line 31</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED155</td><td>second AMT percentage using maximum capital gains rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part III Line 34</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED156</td><td>third AMT percentage using maximum capital gains rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 6251, Part III Line 37</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED79</td><td>limitation on nontaxable social security or other pension annuities for the credit for the elderly or disabled for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R, Line 10 Boxes 1, 2, 4, or 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED80</td><td>limitation on nontaxable social security or other pension annuities for the credit for the elderly or disabled for joint filers with both spouses eligible</td><td style="text-align:left">7500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R, Line 10 Boxes 3, 5, 6 and Line 15 Boxes 1 or 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED81</td><td>limitation on nontaxable social security or other pension annuities for the credit for the elderly or disabled for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R, Line 15 Boxes 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED82</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the credit for the elderly or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R, Line 17 </td></tr>
<tr><td>FED83</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the credit for the elderly or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R, Line 20 </td></tr>
<tr><td>FED84</td><td>income limit for the credit for the elderly or disabled for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">17500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R Instructions, Income Limits for the Credit for the Elderly or the Disabled, p. 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED85</td><td>income limit for the credit for the elderly or disabled for joint filers with one spouse eligible</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R Instructions, Income Limits for the Credit for the Elderly or the Disabled, p. 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED86</td><td>income limit for the credit for the elderly or disabled for joint filers with both spouses eligible</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule R Instructions, Income Limits for the Credit for the Elderly or the Disabled, p. 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED87</td><td>amount for each qualifying child for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part I Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED88</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive the full child tax credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part I Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED89</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive the full child tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">400000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part I Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED90</td><td>percentage to calculate the child tax credit reduction
</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part I Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED91</td><td>minimum taxable earned income to be eligible for the additional child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part II-A, Line 19</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED92</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the additional child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part II-A, Line 20</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED150</td><td>amount for each other dependent for the credit for other dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part I Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED151</td><td>maximum additional child tax credit for each qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">1600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part II Line 16b</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED152</td><td>maximum total additional child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">4800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 8812, Part II Line 20</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED94</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for single filers under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED95</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for single filers age 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">15700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED96</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for joint filers both under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED97</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for joint filers one under age 65 and one age 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">29200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED98</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for joint filers both age 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">30700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED99</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for head of household filers under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED100</td><td>gross income threshold for filing requirement for head of household filers age 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">22650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED101</td><td>gross and unearned income thresholds for filing requirement for dependents under 65 and not blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other Dependents</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED102</td><td>earned income threshold for filing requirement for dependents under 65 and not blind</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other Dependents</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED103</td><td>gross and unearned income thresholds for filing requirement for dependents age 65 and older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">3100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other Dependents</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED104</td><td>earned income threshold for filing requirement for dependents age 65 and older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">15700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other Dependents</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED105</td><td>assumption: designated income to increase filers. previously undercounting filers and adding this assumption got us closer to the IRS targets.</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Assumption (not in any forms or instructions)</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT11</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">11000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 instructions, Schedule X, p. 110, Income Cutoff 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT12</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">44725.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Income Cutoff 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT13</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">95375.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Income Cutoff 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT14</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">182100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Income Cutoff 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT15</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">231250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Income Cutoff 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT16</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">578125.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Income Cutoff 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT21</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">22000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, p. 110, Income Cutoff 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT22</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">89450.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT23</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">190750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT24</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">364200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT25</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">462500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT26</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">693750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT41</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, p. 110, Income Cutoff 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT42</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">59850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT43</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">95350.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT44</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">182100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT45</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">231250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXAMT46</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">578100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXRAT1</td><td style="text-align:left">first income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXRAT2</td><td style="text-align:left">second income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.12</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXRAT3</td><td style="text-align:left">third income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.22</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXRAT4</td><td style="text-align:left">fourth income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.24</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXRAT5</td><td style="text-align:left">fifth income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.32</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXRAT6</td><td style="text-align:left">sixth income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.35</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXRAT7</td><td style="text-align:left">seventh income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.37</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED160</td><td>maximum qualified expenses for one child for the child and dependent expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td>Form 2441, Part II, line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED161</td><td>maximum qualified expenses for two or more children for the child and dependent expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td>Form 2441, Part II, line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FED162</td><td>maximum charitable contribution deduction as a percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.6</td><td>Publication 526, p. 4, Contributions You Can Deduct</td></tr>
<tr><td>ccinc</td><td>federal AGI brackets for the child and dependent expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000 27000 29000 31000 33000 35000 37000 39000 41000 43000</td><td>Form 2441, Part II, line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>ccpct</td><td>rates for the child and dependent expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">.35 .34 .33 .32 .31 .30 .29 .28 .27 .26 .25 .24 .23 .22 .21 .20</td><td>Form 2441, Part II, line 8</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-4">AL</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Alabama State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>ALPEXAMT1</td><td>dependent exemption amount for units with state AGI greater than ALEXCUT2</td><td style="text-align:left">300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALPEXAMT2</td><td>dependent exemption amount for units with state AGI greater than ALEXCUT1 and less than or equal to ALEXCUT2</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALPEXAMT3</td><td>dependent exemption amount for units with state AGI less than or equal to ALEXCUT1</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALEXCUT1</td><td>first state AGI cutoff for the deduction exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALEXCUT2</td><td>second state AGI cutoff for the deduction exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALEXRET1</td><td>personal exemption amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALEXRET2</td><td>personal exemption amount for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, Line 2 and 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALSTDCUT</td><td>state AGI brackets for standard deduction for all filing statuses</td><td style="text-align:left">0 26000 26500 27000 27500 28000 28500 29000 29500 30000 30500 31000 31500 32000 32500 33000 33500 34000 34500 35000 35500</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALSTD1</td><td>standard deduction amounts for single filers by ALSTDCUT</td><td style="text-align:left">3000 2975 2950 2925 2900 2875 2850 2825 2800 2775 2750 2725 2700 2675 2650 2625 2600 2575 2550 2525 2500</td><td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALSTD2</td><td>standard deduction amounts for married filing jointly filers by ALSTDCUT</td><td style="text-align:left">8500 8325 8150 7975 7800 7625 7450 7275 7100 6925 6750 6575 6400 6225 6050 5875 5700 5525 5350 5175 5000</td><td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALSTD4</td><td>standard deduction amounts for head of households filers by ALSTDCUT</td><td style="text-align:left">5200 5065 4930 4795 4660 4525 4390 4255 4120 3985 3850 3715 3580 3445 3310 3175 3040 2905 2770 2635 2500</td><td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 500 3000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rates in Alabama Individual Income Tax FAQ from Alabama Tax website</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 1000 6000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rates in Alabama Individual Income Tax FAQ from Alabama Tax website</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.02 0.04 0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rates in Alabama Individual Income Tax FAQ from Alabama Tax website</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALMEDRAT</td><td>percentage of state AGI above which medical and dental expenses are deductible</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td>Schedule A, line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALCHRTYLIM</td><td>percentage of state AGI limitation for charitable contribution deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 19, Line 15 through 18, Gifts to Charity</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALPENEXC</td><td>amount of non-civil service pension income that can be excluded from state taxable income (in joint units, both the head and spouse can claim the exclusion)</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td>Schedule RS, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALREBAMT1</td><td>one-time state tax rebate for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/individuals/2023-rebate/">https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/individuals/2023-rebate/</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>ALREBAMT2</td><td>one-time state tax rebate for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">300.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/individuals/2023-rebate/">https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/individuals/2023-rebate/</a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-5">AZ</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Arizona State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>AZDEPAMT65</td><td>exemption for tax unit head (and/or spouse, for joint filers) if age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">2100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 20, Line 38</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZDEPAMTBL</td><td>exemption for tax unit head (and/or spouse, for joint filers) if blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 20, Line 39</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZSTDDED1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 21, Line 43</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZSTDDED2</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2019</strong>: standard deduction for joint and head of household filers.<strong> Tax year 2019 and after</strong>: standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 21, Line 43</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZSTDDED4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 21, Line 43</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRCUT11</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table III</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRCUT21</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for joint filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table I</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRCUT22</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for joint filers with two dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">23600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table I</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRCUT23</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for joint filers with three dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">27300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table I, p. 23</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRCUT24</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for joint filers with four or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">31000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table I</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRCUT31</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for head of household filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table II</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRCUT32</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for head of household filers with two dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">20135.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table II</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRCUT33</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for head of household filers with three dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">23800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table II</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRCUT34</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for head of household filers with four dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">25200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table II</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRCUT35</td><td>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit for head of household filers with five or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">26575.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table II</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCRAMT</td><td>amount of family income tax credit for the tax unit head, spouse (if filing jointly), and each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">40.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Worksheet II Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCMAX1</td><td>maximum total family income tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Worksheet II Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZFCMAX2</td><td>maximum total family income tax credit for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">240.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Worksheet II Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZDCRAMT1</td><td>amount of dependent tax credit for each qualifying dependent who is at least 17 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">25.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table I</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZDCRAMT2</td><td>amount of dependent tax credit for each qualifying dependent who is under 17 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table I</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZDCMAX1</td><td>federal AGI above which the dependent tax credit begins phasing out for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table III</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZDCMAX2</td><td>federal AGI above which the dependent tax credit begins phasing out for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">400000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table IV</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZDCCUT</td><td>dependent tax credit phase out brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000 17000 18000 19000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table V</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZDCRATE</td><td>dependent tax credit phase out percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table V</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZEXCCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for the increased excise tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12500.0</td><td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 25, Line 56 Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZEXCCUT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for the increased excise tax credit for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 25, Line 56 Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZEXCAMT</td><td>amount of increased excise tax credit per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">25.0</td><td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 26, Line 56 Worksheet Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZEXCMAX</td><td>total maximum increased excise tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 26, Line 56 Worksheet Note</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZPENEXC</td><td>amount of government pension income that can be excluded from taxable income</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 14, Line 29a</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZPENMIL</td><td>amount of uniformed service pension income that can be excluded from taxable income</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, p. 15, Line 29b</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZCHRTY</td><td>percentage of charitable deductions allowed under standard deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.31</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 140 Instructions, Highlights, Standard Deduction Increase for Charitable Contibutions, Resident Personal Income Tax Return</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZRATE</td><td>income tax rate for all tax units</td><td style="text-align:left">0.025</td><td>Form 140, Line 46</td></tr>
<tr><td>AZREBAMT1</td><td>rebate amount per dependent for dependents under age 17</td><td style="text-align:left">250.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://azdor.gov/individuals/arizona-families-tax-rebate">https://azdor.gov/individuals/arizona-families-tax-rebate</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>AZREBAMT2</td><td>rebate amount per dependent for other dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://azdor.gov/individuals/arizona-families-tax-rebate">https://azdor.gov/individuals/arizona-families-tax-rebate</a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-6">AR</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Arkansas State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th><th></th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td style="text-align:left"><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>AFEXAMT</td><td>maximum amount of military pay that can be exempted (military pay full exempt starting in tax year 2014)</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 8 (Military pensions is fully exempt in 2023.)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARPENEXAMT</td><td>maximum amount of retirement income that can be exempted</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 13, Line 18A</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARPCRDAMT</td><td>personal tax credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">29.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 12, Line 7A and 7B</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARSTDDED1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2340.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 14, Line 27</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARSTDDED2</td><td>standard deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4680.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 14, Line 27</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARMOOPPCT</td><td>percentage of state AGI above which medical expenses are deductible</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td>Form AR3, Line 3</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARCCRATE</td><td>percentage of federal child care credit allowed as state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td>Form AR 2441, Line 10</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOEND1</td><td>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16500.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOEND2</td><td>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for joint filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">27500.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOEND3</td><td>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for joint filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">34100.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOEND4</td><td>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for head of household filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">23900.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOEND5</td><td>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for head of household filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">27400.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARTCUT</td><td>income tax brackets for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 5299 10599 15099 24999 10000000</td><td>Indexed tax brackets</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARTRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.02 0.03 0.034 0.047</td><td>Indexed tax brackets</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOTAX1</td><td>income tax amount for the low income tax table for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 27 34 41 48 55 62 69 76 83 90 97 104 111 118 125 132 139 146 153 160 167 174 181 188 195 202 209</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 13849 13900 14000 14100 14200 14300 14400 14500 14600 14700 14800 14900 15000 15100 15200 15300 15400 15500 15600 15700 15800 15900 16000 16100 16200 16300 16400</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOTAX2</td><td>income tax amount for the low income tax table for joint filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 72 83 93 104 114 124 135 145 165 166 176 187 197 208 218 228 239 249 260 270 280 291 301 312 322 332 343 353 364 374 384 395 405 416 426 436 447 457 468 478 488 499</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for joint filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 23356 23400 23500 23600 23700 23800 23900 24000 24100 24200 24300 24400 24500 24600 24700 24800 24900 25000 25100 25200 25300 25400 25500 25600 25700 25800 25900 26000 26100 26200 26300 26400 26500 26600 26700 26800 26900 27000 27100 27200 27300 27400</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOTAX3</td><td>income tax amount for the low income tax table for joint filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 105 115 126 136 147 157 167 178 188 199 209 219 230 240 251 261 272 284 295 307 319 331 342 354 366 377 389 401 412 424 436 448 459 471 483 494 506 518 529 541 553 565 576 588 600 611 623 635 646 658 670 682 693 705 717 728 740 752 763 775</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOCUT3</td><td>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for joint filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 28110 28200 28300 28400 28500 28600 28700 28800 28900 29000 29100 29200 29300 29400 29500 29600 29700 29800 29900 30000 30100 30200 30300 30400 30500 30600 30700 30800 30900 31000 31100 31200 31300 31400 31500 31600 31700 31800 31900 32000 32100 32200 32300 32400 32500 32600 32700 32800 32900 33000 33100 33200 33300 33400 33500 33600 33700 33800 33900 34000</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOTAX4</td><td>income tax amount for the low income tax table for head of household filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 64 73 82 92 101 111 120 129 139 148 158 167 176 186 195 205 214 223 233 242 252 261 270 280 289 299 308 317 327 336 346 355 364 374 383 393 402 411 421 430 440 449 458</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOCUT4</td><td>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for head of household filers with one or no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 19691 19700 19800 19900 20000 20100 20200 20300 20400 20500 20600 20700 20800 20900 21000 21100 21200 21300 21400 21500 21600 21700 21800 21900 22000 22100 22200 22300 22400 22500 22600 22700 22800 22900 23000 23100 23200 23300 23400 23500 23600 23700 23800</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOTAX5</td><td>income tax amount for the low income tax table for head of household filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 89 102 114 127 139 151 164 176 189 201 213 226 238 251 263 275 288 300 313 325 337 350 362 375 387 399 412 424 437 449 461 474 486 499 511 523 536 548 561 574</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARLOCUT5</td><td>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for head of household filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">0 23472 23500 23600 23700 23800 23900 24000 24100 24200 24300 24400 24500 24600 24700 24800 24900 25000 25100 25200 25300 25400 25500 25600 25700 25800 25900 26000 26100 26200 26300 26400 26500 26600 26700 26800 26900 27000 27100 27200 27300</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARCHRTYLIM</td><td>percentage of state AGI allowable for charitable contributions deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.6</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 17, Line 16</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARINFMX1</td><td>maximum state taxable income for single and head of household filers for inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">103600.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARINFMX2</td><td>maximum state taxable income for joint filers for inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">207200.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARINF2MX</td><td>maximum state taxable income for all filers for additional tax credit for qualified individuals</td><td style="text-align:left">26100.0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 22, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARINFBN1</td><td>state taxable income brackets for single and head of household filers to determine inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0 89600 90600 91600 92600 93600 94600 95600 96600 9700 98600 99600 100600 101600 102600 103600</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARINFBN2</td><td>state taxable income brackets for joint filers to determine inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0 179200 181200 183200 185200 187200 189200 191200 193200 195200 197200 199200 201200 203200 205200 207200</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARINFCR1</td><td>credit amounts for single and head of household filers for inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARINFCR2</td><td>credit amounts for joint for inflationary relief income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">300 280 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARINF2BN</td><td>state taxable income brackets for all filers to determine additional tax credit for qualified individuals</td><td style="text-align:left">0 25000 25100 25200 25300 25400 25500 25600 25700 25800 25900 26000 26100</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 22, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ARINF2CR</td><td>credit amounts for all filers for additional tax credit for qualified individuals</td><td style="text-align:left">0 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 5 0</td><td>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 22, Inflationary Relief Income Tax Credit Table</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-7">CA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>California State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>CAMOOPRAT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td>Schedule CA, Part II, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>CACHRTY</td><td>maximum percentage of federal AGI allowed for charitable deductions </td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td>Schedule CA Instructions, Part II, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>CAITMPCT1</td><td>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 67, Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>CAITMPCT2</td><td>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.06</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 67, Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>ITZCUT1</td><td>federal AGI limitation for exemption credits for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">237035.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line B</td></tr>
<tr><td>ITZCUT2</td><td>federal AGI limitation for exemption credits for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">474075.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line B</td></tr>
<tr><td>ITZCUT4</td><td>federal AGI limitation for exemption credits for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">355558.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line B</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXMDIV</td><td>divider used for AGI limitation for exemption credits</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line D</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXMPCT</td><td>multiplier used for AGI limitation for exemption credits</td><td style="text-align:left">6.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line E</td></tr>
<tr><td>AMTEXM1</td><td>minimum total income to potentially owe AMT for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">87171.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 16, Line 61</td></tr>
<tr><td>AMTEXM2</td><td>minimum total income to potentially owe AMT for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">116229.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 16, Line 61</td></tr>
<tr><td>AMTCUT11</td><td>state AGI above which credits may be limited for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">326891.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, Box C</td></tr>
<tr><td>AMTCUT12</td><td>state AGI above which credits may be limited for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">435855.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, Box C</td></tr>
<tr><td>AMTCUT21</td><td>alternative minimum taxable income limit to qualify for some exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">675575.0</td><td>Form 540 Schedule P Instructions, p. 6, Exemption Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>AMTCUT22</td><td>alternative minimum taxable income limit to qualify for some exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">900771.0</td><td>Form 540 Schedule P Instructions, p. 6, Exemption Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>AMTMOOPRAT</td><td>maximum percentage of federal AGI allowed for the medical expense deduction for the AMT</td><td style="text-align:left">0.025</td><td>Form 540 Schedule P, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>AMTEXMPCT1</td><td>percentage used for exemption phaseout for the AMT</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td>Form 540 Schedule P Instructions, p. 6, Exemption Worksheet, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>AMTEXMPCT2</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the AMT</td><td style="text-align:left">0.07</td><td>Form 540 Schedule P, Line 24</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXMAMT</td><td>exemption credit for tax unit head (and spouse if filing jointly) and if blind and/or age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">144.0</td><td>Form 540, Line 7, 8, and 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>DEPAMTD</td><td>exemption credit for each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">446.0</td><td>Form 540, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5363.0</td><td>Form 540, Line 18</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10726.0</td><td>Form 540, Line 18</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDEPCA</td><td>standard deduction for dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 13, California Standard Deduction Worksheet for Dependents, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDPINCA</td><td>amount added to earned income if above certain threshold for standard deduction for dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">400.0</td><td>Federal Form 1040 Instructions, p. 32, Standard Deduction Worksheet for Dependents</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXINCCC</td><td>maximum federal AGI for child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p.15, Line 40</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCEX1</td><td>first federal AGI threshold to determine percentage for child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCEX2</td><td>second federal AGI threshold to determine percentage for child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">70000.0</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCPCT1</td><td>first percentage for the child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCPCT2</td><td>second percentage for the child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.43</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCPCT3</td><td>third percentage for the child and dependent care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.34</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITTOP0</td><td>maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with no qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">30951.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITTOP1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">30951.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITTOP2</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2017</strong>: maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with two or more qualifying children
<strong>Tax year 2017 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">30951.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITTOP3</td><td>maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with three or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">30951.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITCUT0</td><td>first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with no qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">4380.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITCUT1</td><td>first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">6577.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITCUT2</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2017</strong>: first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with two or more qualifying children.
<strong>Tax year 2017 and after</strong>: first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">9232.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITCUT3</td><td>first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with three or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">9232.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITCUT2_0</td><td>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with no qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">5175.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITCUT2_1</td><td>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">11175.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITCUT2_2</td><td>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">16775.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITCUT2_3</td><td>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit for filers with three or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">16975.0</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITRAT0</td><td>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with no qualifying children (all percentages are the federal percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.065025</td><td><a href="https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB101/id/2831243%20(California%20adjustment%20factor%20is%20specified%20in%20the%20California%20Budget%20Act%20and%20can%20change%20yearly.)">https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB101/id/2831243 (California adjustment factor is specified in the California Budget Act and can change yearly.)</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>EITRAT1</td><td>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child (all percentages are the federal percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.289</td><td>Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy Center</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITRAT2</td><td>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children (all percentages are the federal percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.34</td><td>Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy Center</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITRAT3</td><td>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with three qualifying children (all percentages are the federal percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3825</td><td>Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy Center </td></tr>
<tr><td>EITRAT2_0</td><td>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with no qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0091946</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITRAT2_1</td><td>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0300364</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITRAT2_2</td><td>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0419018</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITRAT2_3</td><td>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit for filers with three qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0425014</td><td>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITMAX0</td><td>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with no qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">285.0</td><td><a href="https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html">https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>EITMAX1</td><td>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">1900.0</td><td>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITMAX2</td><td>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">3137.0</td><td>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</td></tr>
<tr><td>EITMAX3</td><td>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with three qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">3529.0</td><td>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</td></tr>
<tr><td>YCTCCUT</td><td>state earned income threshold for the young child tax credit phaseout</td><td style="text-align:left">25775.0</td><td>Form 3514, Line 24</td></tr>
<tr><td>YCTCAMT</td><td>young child tax credit for filers with state earned income under the threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">1117.0</td><td>Form 3514, Line 24</td></tr>
<tr><td>YCTCPCT</td><td>percentage reduction for the young child tax credit over the state earned income threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2166</td><td>Form FTB 3514, Line 26 and 27</td></tr>
<tr><td>CUTOFF1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10412 24684 38959 54081 68350 349137 418961 698271 10000000</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule X</td></tr>
<tr><td>CUTOFF2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20824 49368 77918 108162 136700 698274 837922 1396542 10000000</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule Y</td></tr>
<tr><td>CUTOFF4</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20839 49371 63644 78765 93037 474824 569790 949649 10000000</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule Z</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.093 0.103 0.113 0.123</td><td>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule X</td></tr>
<tr><td>CACCCPCT</td><td>percentages to calculate the credit for child and dependent care expenses</td><td style="text-align:left">0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>CACCCCUT</td><td>federal AGI thresholds to determine percentage for the credit for child and dependent care expenses</td><td style="text-align:left">15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000 27000 29000 31000 33000 35000 37000 39000 41000 43000 100000</td><td>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>YCTCAGILIM</td><td>maximum AGI for the young child tax credit when state earned income is zero or less</td><td style="text-align:left">30950.0</td><td>Form 3514, Line 23b</td></tr>
<tr><td>YCTCLOSSLIM</td><td>maximum net loss for the young child tax credit when state earned income is zero or less</td><td style="text-align:left">33497.0</td><td>Form 3514, Line 23b</td></tr>
<tr><td>CAEITINV</td><td>maximum investment income to qualify for the state EITC and YCTC</td><td style="text-align:left">4525.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 3514 Instructions, Step 2, Worksheet 1, Line 13</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-8">CO</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Colorado State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>COMAXPEN1</td><td>maximum allowable pension and annuity subtraction for filers age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 12, DR104AD Instructions, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>COMAXPEN2</td><td>maximum allowable pension and annuity subtraction for filers age 55 to 64</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 12, DR104AD Instructions, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCHRTYADJ</td><td>state adjustment to charitable contribution deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 14, Form DR104AD Instructions, Line 12, Worksheet Line d</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCCCPCT1</td><td>first allowable percentage of the federal credit for the state child care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part III, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCCCCUT1</td><td>first federal AGI threshold for the state child care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part III</td></tr>
<tr><td>COLWINCPCT</td><td>percentage used in calculation of the low-income child care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part IV, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>COLWINCCT1</td><td>maximum low-income child care expenses credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part IV, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>COLWINCCT2</td><td>maximum low-income child care expenses credit for filers with two or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part IV, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>COLWINCCUT</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the low-income child care expenses credit</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DR0347, Part IV</td></tr>
<tr><td>COEITRAT</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CR, Part I, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>COTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.044</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>COAMTRAT</td><td>alternative minimum tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0347</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104AMT, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>COMIL</td><td>maximum military retirement subtraction for filers age 54 or younger</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Instructions, p.13, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>COSSBEN</td><td>maximum social security benefiit subtraction (for joint filers, both the head and spouse can claim this amount)</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Instructions, p. 12, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>SALETAXAMT1</td><td>state sales tax refund for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104, Line 34</td></tr>
<tr><td>SALETAXAMT2</td><td>state sales tax refund for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104, Line 34</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCTCCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the state child tax credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCTCCUT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the state child tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">85000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>COFEDCTC</td><td>amount per child for the calculation of the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>COSTATCAP</td><td>amount per child for the calculation of the statutory cap for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>COERNINC</td><td>earned income cap</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>COERNINCPCT</td><td>percentage of the excess earned income over the cap</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCTC3KIDS</td><td>statutory cap for three or more eligible children</td><td style="text-align:left">4800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Section D</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCTCCUT11</td><td>first federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCTCCUT12</td><td>second federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCTCCUT21</td><td>first federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">35000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCTCCUT22</td><td>second federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCTCPCT1</td><td>first percentage for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.6</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCTCPCT2</td><td>second percentage for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr>
<tr><td>COCTCPCT3</td><td>third percentage for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104CN, Line 21</td></tr>
<tr><td>COFEDADDINC</td><td>federal AGI above which filers may need to add back itemized or standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">300000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>COFEDADD1</td><td>amount subtracted from the federal itemized or standard deductions addback for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>COFEDADD2</td><td>amount subtracted from the federal itemized or standard deductions addback for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 104 Booklet, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-9">CT</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Connecticut State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>INIT1</td><td>initial amount of personal exemptions for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INIT2</td><td>initial amount of personal exemptions for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INIT4</td><td>initial amount of personal exemptions for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">19000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCS1</td><td>state AGI at which personal exemptions begin to decrease for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCS2</td><td>state AGI at which personal exemptions begin to decrease for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">48000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCS4</td><td>state AGI at which personal exemptions begin to decrease for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">38000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCE1</td><td>maximum state AGI to be eligible for some personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">44000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCE2</td><td>maximum state AGI to be eligible for some personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">71000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCE4</td><td>maximum state AGI to be eligible for some personal exemption for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">56000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCREM</td><td>state AGI increments to reduce personal exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>FINIS1</td><td>lower threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>FINIS2</td><td>lower threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>FINIS4</td><td>lower threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">19000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>FINIE1</td><td>higher threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>FINIE2</td><td>higher threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>FINIE4</td><td>higher threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal tax credits for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>CINCREM</td><td>state AGI increments to change personal tax credit rate</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>CRAT1</td><td>first change for the personal tax credit decimal amount</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>CRAT2</td><td>second change for the personal tax credit decimal amount</td><td style="text-align:left">0.01</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>INITCR1</td><td>initial personal tax credit decimal amount</td><td style="text-align:left">0.75</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>INITCR2</td><td>decimal amount at which the difference for each increment changes from CRAT1 to CRAT2 for the personal tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.14</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>OFFSET1</td><td>first subtraction amount required for personal tax credit decimal amount</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>OFFSET2</td><td>second subtraction amount required for personal tax credit decimal amount</td><td style="text-align:left">13.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>TCUTCT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10000 50000 100000 200000 250000 500000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td></tr>
<tr><td>TCUTCT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20000 100000 200000 400000 500000 1000000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td></tr>
<tr><td>TCUTCT4</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 16000 80000 160000 320000 400000 800000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXRATCT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.03 0.05 0.055 0.06 0.065 0.069 0.0699</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td></tr>
<tr><td>CTPHSEST</td><td>minimum state AGI to be required to add the 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">56500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHCUTCT1</td><td>income brackets for 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">56500 61500 66500 71500 76500 81500 86500 91500 96500 101500 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHCUTCT2</td><td>income brackets for 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100500 105500 110500 115500 120500 125500 130500 135500 140500 145500 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHCUTCT4</td><td>income brackets for 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">78500 82500 86500 90500 94500 98500 102500 106500 110500 114500 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHOUTCT1</td><td>phase-out add-back for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHOUTCT2</td><td>phase-out add-back for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHOUTCT4</td><td>phase-out add-back for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 256 288 320</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPST1</td><td>initial state AGI cutoff for tax recapture for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPST2</td><td>initial state AGI cutoff for tax recapture for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">400000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPST4</td><td>initial state AGI cutoff for tax recapture for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">320000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPCT1</td><td>state AGI bracket increments for tax recapture for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPCT2</td><td>state AGI bracket increments for tax recapture for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPCT4</td><td>state AGI bracket increments for tax recapture for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPAD1</td><td>first tax recapture increments for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">90.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPAD2</td><td>first tax recapture increments for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">180.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPAD4</td><td>first tax recapture increments for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">140.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPMD1</td><td>midpoint state AGI cutoff for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">345000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPMD2</td><td>midpoint state AGI cutoff for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">690000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPMD4</td><td>midpoint state AGI cutoff for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">552000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPED1</td><td>second midpoint state AGI cutoff for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">500000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPED2</td><td>second midpoint state AGI cutoff for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPED4</td><td>second midpoint state AGI cutoff for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">800000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPSD1</td><td>second tax recapture increments for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPSD2</td><td>second tax recapture increments for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPSD4</td><td>second tax recapture increments for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">80.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPML1</td><td>midpoint tax recapture for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPML2</td><td>midpoint tax recapture for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPML4</td><td>midpoint tax recapture for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPMX1</td><td>maximum tax recapture for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPMX2</td><td>maximum tax recapture for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>TXRCPMX4</td><td>maximum tax recapture for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4920.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td></tr>
<tr><td>SSCUT1</td><td>maximum amount of social security tax exempt for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 24, Line 41</td></tr>
<tr><td>SSCUT2</td><td>maximum amount of social security tax exempt for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 24, Line 41</td></tr>
<tr><td>SSTAXRAT</td><td>percentage of social security taxable if over maximum</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 24, Line 41 (Line D of worksheet)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 3, Line 20A</td></tr>
<tr><td>CTTCINCR</td><td>number of the income bracket where the personal tax credit moves from the first increment change to the second increment change (currently the same for all filing statuses, but will need to adjust if this changes)</td><td style="text-align:left">12.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>CTTC1</td><td>personal tax credit brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">19300 19800 20300 20800 21300 21800 22300 25000 25500 26000 26500 31300 31800 32300 32800 33300 60000 60500 61000 61500 62000 62500 63000 63500 64000 64500</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>CTTC2</td><td>personal tax credit brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30500 31000 31500 32000 32500 33000 33500 40000 40500 41000 41500 50000 50500 51000 51500 52000 96000 96500 97000 97500 98000 98500 99000 99500 100000 100500</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>CTTC4</td><td>personal tax credit brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">24500 25000 25500 26000 26500 27000 27500 34000 34500 35000 35500 44000 44500 45000 45500 46000 74000 74500 75000 75500 76000 76500 77000 77500 78000 78500</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td></tr>
<tr><td>CTPENRAT</td><td>percentage of pension and annuity income allowed to be deducted for state AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 10, Subtraction Modification of Pension and Annuity Income and Line 48b</td></tr>
<tr><td>CTPENLIM1</td><td>federal AGI limit to deduct pension and annuity income for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 10, Subtraction Modification of Pension and Annuity Income and Line 48b</td></tr>
<tr><td>CTPENLIM2</td><td>federal AGI limit to deduct pension and annuity income for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">CT-1040 Instructions, p. 10, Subtraction Modification of Pension and Annuity Income and Line 48b</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-10">DE</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Delaware State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PENEXU60</td><td>maximum pension exclusion for individuals under age 60</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 6, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENEXO60</td><td>maximum pension exclusion for individuals age 60 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">12500.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 6, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXEARN1</td><td>maximum earned income for joint filers to qualify for exclusion for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXEARN2</td><td>maximum earned income for single filers to qualify for exclusion for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXINC1</td><td>maximum income for joint filers to qualify for exclusion for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXINC2</td><td>maximum income for single filers to qualify for exclusion for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>DISEX1</td><td>exclusion amount for individuals age 60 and over or disabled for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>DISEX2</td><td>exclusion amount for individuals age 60 and over or disabled for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td style="text-align:left">initial standard deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3250.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 19a</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td style="text-align:left">initial standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6500.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 19a</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD3</td><td>additional standard deduction for individuals over 65 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 20</td></tr>
<tr><td>PCAMT</td><td>personal credit and additional personal credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">110.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 26a</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCRATE</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowed as a state child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 9, Line 30</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCC</td><td>maximum state child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, Line 30, pg 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percent of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit (non-refundable)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 10, Line 33</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRATE2</td><td>percent of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit (refundable)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.045</td><td>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 10, Line 33</td></tr>
<tr><td>TCUTDEL</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 2000 5000 10000 20000 25000 60000 10000000</td><td><a href="https://revenue.delaware.gov/software-developer/tax-rate-changes/">https://revenue.delaware.gov/software-developer/tax-rate-changes/</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXRATDE</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.022 0.039 0.048 0.052 0.0555 0.066</td><td><a href="https://revenue.delaware.gov/software-developer/tax-rate-changes/">https://revenue.delaware.gov/software-developer/tax-rate-changes/</a></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-11">DC</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>DC State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>DCSTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>DCSTD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>DCSTD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>DC65STD1</td><td>additional standard deduction for filers 65 years or older for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>DC65STD2</td><td>additional standard deduction for filers 65 years or older for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>DCITMCUT</td><td>maximum district AGI for full itemized deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 17, Calculation F, Line f</td></tr>
<tr><td>DCITMPCT</td><td>percentage of district AGI to reduce itemized deductions for filers with district AGI above DCITMCUT</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 17, Calculation F, Line I</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCPCT</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowed as a district child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.32</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 18, Line 21</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a district earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.7</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICTOP</td><td>maximum earned income or federal AGI for filers without a qualifying child for the district earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">28963.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Note for Section C</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICCUT</td><td>minimum earned income to claim the full amount of the earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">7843.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 2 of Section C</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICMAX</td><td>maximum earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 2 of Section C</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT2</td><td>percentage of earned income to determine earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0765</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 2 of Section C</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICTST</td><td>maximum federal AGI or earned income before reduction in earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">21888.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 5 of Section C</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT3</td><td>percentage to calculate reduction in earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0848</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 7 of Section C</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXDIS</td><td>amount used to reduce excludable disability income</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-2440 Instructions, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>DIS100</td><td>maximum yearly disability income exclusion (mutliply weekly amount by 52 weeks)</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-2440 Instructions, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>DCTXCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10000 40000 60000 250000 500000 1000000 100000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, Reminders, p. 3. Also, refer to https://otr.cfo.dc.gov/page/dc-individual-and-fiduciary-income-tax-rates</td></tr>
<tr><td>DCTXRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.040 0.060 0.065 0.085 0.0925 0.0975 .1075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, Reminders, p. 3. Also, refer to https://otr.cfo.dc.gov/page/dc-individual-and-fiduciary-income-tax-rates</td></tr>
<tr><td>DCDISEX</td><td>maximum income exclusion for filers totally and permanently disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, Schedule I, Line 7a</td></tr>
<tr><td>DCDISLIM</td><td>maximum AGI for income exclusion for filers totally and permanently disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-40 Instructions, Schedule I, Line 7a</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-12">GA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Georgia State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>STDDED1</td><td>standard deduction for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 11, Form 500 Instructions, Line 11a</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDDED2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">7100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 11, Form 500 Instructions, Line 11a</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGEDED</td><td>additional standard deduction for filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 11, Form 500 Instructions, Line 11a</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXEMP1</td><td>personal exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 12, Form 500 Instructions, Line 14a</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXEMP1A</td><td>personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 12, Form 500 Instructions, Line 14a</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXEMP2</td><td>personal exemption for each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 12, Form 500 Instructions, Line 14a</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEN</td><td>maximum retirement income exclusion for filers either 62 to 64 years old or less than 62 years old and permanently disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">35000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 14-15, Schedule 1 Subtractions</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEN65</td><td>maximum retirement income exclusion for filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">65000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 15, Schedule 1 Subtractions</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXEARN</td><td>maximum amount of retirement income exclusion that can be earned income</td><td style="text-align:left">4000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 15, Schedule 1 Subtractions</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXAGI</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed to claim the low income credit</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>CR1</td><td>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the lowest bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">26.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>CR2</td><td>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the second bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">20.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>CR3</td><td>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the third bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">14.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>CR4</td><td>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the fourth bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">8.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>CR5</td><td>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the highest bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">5.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>LOWCUT1</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the lowest bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>LOWCUT2</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the second bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>LOWCUT3</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the third bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>LOWCUT4</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the fourth bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>LOWCUT5</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the highest bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCRATE</td><td>percent of federal child and dependent care credit allowed as a state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, Form IND-CR 202, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>GACUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 750 2250 3750 5250 7000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 59, Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>GACUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 1000 3000 5000 7000 10000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 59, Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>GATRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.0575</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, p. 59, Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>GAMILRETEARN</td><td>taxable military retirement income cutoff to receive the maximum military retirement income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">17501.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, Schedule 1 p. 3, between Line 3 and 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>GAMILRETAMT1</td><td>military retirement income exclusion amount if earnings are below GAMILRETEARN</td><td style="text-align:left">17500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, Schedule 1 p. 3, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>GAMILRETMAX</td><td>additional military retirement income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">35000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-511 Booklet, Schedule 1 p. 3, Line 7</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-13">HI</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Hawaii State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 23</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 23</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD3</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3212.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 23</td></tr>
<tr><td>HIITMLIM</td><td>state AGI amount above which itemized deductions are limited</td><td style="text-align:left">166800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 19, Line 22</td></tr>
<tr><td>HIITMPCT1</td><td>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 32, Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>HIITMPCT2</td><td>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instruction, p. 32, Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>HIITMST1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim deduction for state and local taxes for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 16, Line 21b, Taxes</td></tr>
<tr><td>HIITMST2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim deduction for state and local taxes for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 16, Line 21b, Taxes</td></tr>
<tr><td>HIITMST4</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim deduction for state and local taxes for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 16, Line 21b, Taxes</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEREXAMT</td><td>personal exemption for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">1144.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td></tr>
<tr><td>DISEXAMT1</td><td>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled for one individual of any filing status (cannot claim regular exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">7000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td></tr>
<tr><td>DISEXAMT2</td><td>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled with a spouse who is not disabled and under 65 (cannot claim regular exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">8144.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td></tr>
<tr><td>DISEXAMT3</td><td>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled with a spouse who is not disabled and over 65 (cannot claim regular exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">9288.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td></tr>
<tr><td>DISEXAMT4</td><td>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled for joint filers who are both disabled (cannot claim regular exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">14000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXLCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable food/excise tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 21, Line 28</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXLCUT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable food/excise tax credit for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 21, Line 29</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXEXPC1</td><td>maximum child care expenses that can be claimed for the child and dependent care expense credit for one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Part II, Section B, Line 17</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXEXPC2</td><td>maximum child care expenses that can be claimed for the child and dependent care expense credit for two or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Part II, Section B, Line 17</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT11</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the lowest bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">220.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT12</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the second bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT13</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the third bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">170.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT14</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the fourth bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">140.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT15</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the highest bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">110.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICUT11</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the lowest bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICUT12</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the second bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICUT13</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the third bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICUT14</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the fourth bracket for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT21</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the lowest bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">220.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT22</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the second bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT23</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the third bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">170.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT24</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the fourth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">140.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT25</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the fifth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">110.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT26</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the sixth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">90.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICAMT27</td><td>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in the highest bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">70.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICUT21</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the lowest bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICUT22</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the second bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICUT23</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the third bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICUT24</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the fourth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICUT25</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the fifth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICUT26</td><td>federal AGI threshold for the sixth bracket for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N-311, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXRCUT</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim low-income household renters credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 21, Line 29</td></tr>
<tr><td>LIRAMT</td><td>amount for each exemption for the credit for low-income household renters</td><td style="text-align:left">50.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule X, Part I, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule CR, p. 5, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>HITCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 2400 4800 9600 14400 19200 24000 36000 48000 150000 175000 200000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 36, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule I</td></tr>
<tr><td>HITCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 4800 9600 19200 28800 38400 48000 72000 96000 300000 350000 400000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 36, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule II</td></tr>
<tr><td>HITCUT3</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 3600 7200 14400 21600 28800 36000 54000 72000 225000 262500 300000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 36, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule III</td></tr>
<tr><td>HITRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.014 0.032 0.055 0.064 0.068 0.072 0.076 0.079 0.0825 0.09 0.10 0.11</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 42, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule I, II, and III</td></tr>
<tr><td>HICCUT</td><td>state AGI thresholds to determine child and dependent care expense credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 50000 10000000</td><td>Schedule X, Part II, Section C, Line 27</td></tr>
<tr><td>HICRAT</td><td>percentages for the child and dependent care expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20 0.15</td><td>Schedule X, Part II, Section C, Line 27</td></tr>
<tr><td>HIMOOPRAT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of state AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form N11 Instructions, p. 15, Line 21a</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-14">ID</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Idaho State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, Line 16 </td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>ADDSTD1</td><td>additional standard deduction for single or head of household filers over 65 years old and/or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 9, Line 17 Standard Deduction Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>ADDSTD2</td><td>additional standard deduction for joint filers over 65 years old and/or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 9, Line 17 Standard Deduction Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCC1</td><td>maximum child care expense deduction allowed for one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 30, Line 6, Child and Dependent Care Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCC2</td><td>maximum child care expense deduction allowed for two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 30, Line 6, Child and Dependent Care Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>GRCRD1</td><td>amount of grocery credit for filers with income over $1,000</td><td style="text-align:left">120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 2, What&#039;s New for 2023 and p. 11, Line 43</td></tr>
<tr><td>GRCRD2</td><td>amount of grocery credit for filers with income under $1,000</td><td style="text-align:left">120.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 2, What&#039;s New for 2023 and p. 11, Line 43</td></tr>
<tr><td>GRCRD65</td><td>additional credit amount for heads or spouses age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">20.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 11, Line 43</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEN1</td><td>maximum allowable retirement benefits deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">43524.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 39R, Part B, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEN2</td><td>maximum allowable retirement benefits deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">65286.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 39R, Part B, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>IDCTC</td><td>child tax credit amount per qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">205.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 10, Form 40, Line 25, Worksheet Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>IDTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 4489 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual income tax rate schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>IDTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 8978 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual income tax rate schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>IDTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.058</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual income tax rate schedule</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-15">IL</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Illinois State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PERSEX1</td><td>personal exemption amount</td><td style="text-align:left">2425.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10a</td></tr>
<tr><td>PERSEX2</td><td>additional exemption amount for people 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10b</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXLIM1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for personal exemption amount for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">250000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10d</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXLIM2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for personal exemption amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">500000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10d</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule IL-E/EIC, Step 4, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>ILTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0495</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IL-1040, Step 5, Line 12</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-16">IN</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Indiana State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PEAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 24, Schedule 3, Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>ADDKIDX</td><td>additional exemption for each dependent child</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 26, Additional Dependent Exemptions</td></tr>
<tr><td>ADDKIDXFIRST</td><td>additional exemption for dependent children in the first taxable year in which the exemption is allowable for the child</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 26, Additional Dependent Exemptions</td></tr>
<tr><td>ADEXAMT1</td><td>additional exemption for persons aged 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 25, Schedule 3, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>ADEXAMT2</td><td>additional exemption for persons aged 65 or older with federal AGI under maximum</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 25, Schedule 3, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXAGIX</td><td>maximum federal AGI for additional exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 25, Schedule 3, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXUAMT</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the unified tax credit for the elderly</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXMIL</td><td>maximum military service income deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 18, Schedule 2, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>MILPNADD</td><td>additional percentage of military retirement income deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 22, Schedule 2, Line 11, Deduction 632</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXFEDR</td><td>maximum amount of civil service annuity deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">16000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Schedule 2, Line 11, Deduction 601</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCUC1</td><td>unemployment insurance compensation amount for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCUC2</td><td>unemployment insurance compensation amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>UIRATE</td><td>unemployment insurance compensation rate applied to federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRAT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 3 and p. 31, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXDIS</td><td>maximum federal AGI for disability deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-2440, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>DIS100</td><td>maximum weekly disability payments multiplied by 52 weeks</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-2440, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>INTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0315</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>CNTTAXRT</td><td>population-weighted average county income tax rate (local income tax rate varies by county)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.01711</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule CT-40, County Tax Schedule (refer to the &quot;IN local&quot; sheet for calculation)</td></tr>
<tr><td>INUNCCT1</td><td>federal AGI brackets for unified tax credit for the elderly for joint filers, both 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 3000 10000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 5, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INUNCAM1</td><td>credit amounts for unified tax credit for the elderly for joint filers, both 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">140 90 80</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 5, Table A</td></tr>
<tr><td>INUNCCT2</td><td>federal AGI brackets for unified tax credit for the elderly for single or head of household filers 65 years and older or joint filers with only one 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 3000 10000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 4, Table B</td></tr>
<tr><td>INUNCAM2</td><td>credit amounts for unified tax credit for the elderly for single or head of household filers 65 years and older or joint filers with only one 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">100 50 40</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 4, Table B</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-17">IN local</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td colspan="5" style="text-align:left"><strong>Calculation of Population-Weighted Average Local Income Tax Rate in Indiana</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>County Code</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>County Name</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 County Resident Rate</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Population Count</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Weighted Average</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>1.0</td><td>Adams</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01618</td><td>35,544</td><td>575</td></tr>
<tr><td>2.0</td><td>Allen</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0148</td><td>375,520</td><td>5558</td></tr>
<tr><td>3.0</td><td>Bartholomew</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>83,280</td><td>1457</td></tr>
<tr><td>4.0</td><td>Benton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0179</td><td>8,695</td><td>156</td></tr>
<tr><td>5.0</td><td>Blackford</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>11,926</td><td>179</td></tr>
<tr><td>6.0</td><td>Boone</td><td style="text-align:right">0.017</td><td>66,875</td><td>1137</td></tr>
<tr><td>7.0</td><td>Brown</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025234</td><td>15,093</td><td>381</td></tr>
<tr><td>8.0</td><td>Carroll</td><td style="text-align:right">0.022733</td><td>20,137</td><td>458</td></tr>
<tr><td>9.0</td><td>Cass</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0295</td><td>37,727</td><td>1113</td></tr>
<tr><td>10.0</td><td>Clark</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td>117,410</td><td>2348</td></tr>
<tr><td>11.0</td><td>Clay</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0235</td><td>26,231</td><td>616</td></tr>
<tr><td>12.0</td><td>Clinton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025</td><td>32,186</td><td>805</td></tr>
<tr><td>13.0</td><td>Crawford</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td>10,582</td><td>106</td></tr>
<tr><td>14.0</td><td>Daviess</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>33,277</td><td>499</td></tr>
<tr><td>15.0</td><td>Dearborn</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0125</td><td>49,612</td><td>620</td></tr>
<tr><td>16.0</td><td>Decatur</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025</td><td>26,587</td><td>665</td></tr>
<tr><td>17.0</td><td>DeKalb</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0213</td><td>43,193</td><td>920</td></tr>
<tr><td>18.0</td><td>Delaware</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>114,461</td><td>1717</td></tr>
<tr><td>19.0</td><td>Dubois</td><td style="text-align:right">0.012</td><td>42,534</td><td>510</td></tr>
<tr><td>20.0</td><td>Elkhart</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td>205,184</td><td>4104</td></tr>
<tr><td>21.0</td><td>Fayette</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0257</td><td>23,068</td><td>593</td></tr>
<tr><td>22.0</td><td>Floyd</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0135</td><td>77,879</td><td>1051</td></tr>
<tr><td>23.0</td><td>Fountain</td><td style="text-align:right">0.021</td><td>16,456</td><td>346</td></tr>
<tr><td>24.0</td><td>Franklin</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>22,750</td><td>341</td></tr>
<tr><td>25.0</td><td>Fulton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0268</td><td>20,069</td><td>538</td></tr>
<tr><td>26.0</td><td>Gibson</td><td style="text-align:right">0.009</td><td>33,711</td><td>303</td></tr>
<tr><td>27.0</td><td>Grant</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0255</td><td>66,055</td><td>1684</td></tr>
<tr><td>28.0</td><td>Greene</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0215</td><td>32,174</td><td>692</td></tr>
<tr><td>29.0</td><td>Hamilton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.011</td><td>330,455</td><td>3635</td></tr>
<tr><td>30.0</td><td>Hancock</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0194</td><td>76,614</td><td>1486</td></tr>
<tr><td>31.0</td><td>Harrison</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td>40,164</td><td>402</td></tr>
<tr><td>32.0</td><td>Hendricks</td><td style="text-align:right">0.017</td><td>166,806</td><td>2836</td></tr>
<tr><td>33.0</td><td>Henry</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01725</td><td>48,158</td><td>831</td></tr>
<tr><td>34.0</td><td>Howard</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>82,486</td><td>1444</td></tr>
<tr><td>35.0</td><td>Huntington</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0195</td><td>36,351</td><td>709</td></tr>
<tr><td>36.0</td><td>Jackson</td><td style="text-align:right">0.021</td><td>44,077</td><td>926</td></tr>
<tr><td>37.0</td><td>Jasper</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02864</td><td>33,433</td><td>958</td></tr>
<tr><td>38.0</td><td>Jay</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0245</td><td>20,697</td><td>507</td></tr>
<tr><td>39.0</td><td>Jefferson</td><td style="text-align:right">0.009</td><td>32,167</td><td>290</td></tr>
<tr><td>40.0</td><td>Jennings</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025</td><td>27,639</td><td>691</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.0</td><td>Johnson</td><td style="text-align:right">0.014</td><td>156,148</td><td>2186</td></tr>
<tr><td>42.0</td><td>Knox</td><td style="text-align:right">0.017</td><td>36,833</td><td>626</td></tr>
<tr><td>43.0</td><td>Kosciusko</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td>79,156</td><td>792</td></tr>
<tr><td>44.0</td><td>LaGrange</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0165</td><td>39,537</td><td>652</td></tr>
<tr><td>45.0</td><td>Lake</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>485,983</td><td>7290</td></tr>
<tr><td>46.0</td><td>LaPorte</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0145</td><td>110,026</td><td>1595</td></tr>
<tr><td>47.0</td><td>Lawrence</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>45,552</td><td>797</td></tr>
<tr><td>48.0</td><td>Madison</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0225</td><td>129,486</td><td>2913</td></tr>
<tr><td>49.0</td><td>Marion</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0202</td><td>957,337</td><td>19338</td></tr>
<tr><td>50.0</td><td>Marshall</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0125</td><td>46,336</td><td>579</td></tr>
<tr><td>51.0</td><td>Martin</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025</td><td>10,169</td><td>254</td></tr>
<tr><td>52.0</td><td>Miami</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0254</td><td>35,684</td><td>906</td></tr>
<tr><td>53.0</td><td>Monroe</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02035</td><td>147,318</td><td>2998</td></tr>
<tr><td>54.0</td><td>Montgomery</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0265</td><td>38,295</td><td>1015</td></tr>
<tr><td>55.0</td><td>Morgan</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0272</td><td>70,141</td><td>1908</td></tr>
<tr><td>56.0</td><td>Newton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td>13,981</td><td>140</td></tr>
<tr><td>57.0</td><td>Noble</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>47,640</td><td>834</td></tr>
<tr><td>58.0</td><td>Ohio</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>5,890</td><td>88</td></tr>
<tr><td>59.0</td><td>Orange</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>19,552</td><td>342</td></tr>
<tr><td>60.0</td><td>Owen</td><td style="text-align:right">0.025</td><td>20,854</td><td>521</td></tr>
<tr><td>61.0</td><td>Parke</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0265</td><td>16,912</td><td>448</td></tr>
<tr><td>62.0</td><td>Perry</td><td style="text-align:right">0.014</td><td>19,091</td><td>267</td></tr>
<tr><td>63.0</td><td>Pike</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0075</td><td>12,364</td><td>93</td></tr>
<tr><td>64.0</td><td>Porter</td><td style="text-align:right">0.005</td><td>169,482</td><td>847</td></tr>
<tr><td>65.0</td><td>Posey</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0125</td><td>25,480</td><td>319</td></tr>
<tr><td>66.0</td><td>Pulaski</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0285</td><td>12,482</td><td>356</td></tr>
<tr><td>67.0</td><td>Putnam</td><td style="text-align:right">0.021</td><td>37,419</td><td>786</td></tr>
<tr><td>68.0</td><td>Randolph</td><td style="text-align:right">0.03</td><td>24,694</td><td>741</td></tr>
<tr><td>69.0</td><td>Ripley</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0138</td><td>28,457</td><td>393</td></tr>
<tr><td>70.0</td><td>Rush</td><td style="text-align:right">0.021</td><td>16,632</td><td>349</td></tr>
<tr><td>71.0</td><td>St. Joseph</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0175</td><td>270,881</td><td>4740</td></tr>
<tr><td>72.0</td><td>Scott</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0216</td><td>23,785</td><td>514</td></tr>
<tr><td>73.0</td><td>Shelby</td><td style="text-align:right">0.016</td><td>44,559</td><td>713</td></tr>
<tr><td>74.0</td><td>Spencer</td><td style="text-align:right">0.008</td><td>20,364</td><td>163</td></tr>
<tr><td>75.0</td><td>Starke</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0171</td><td>22,996</td><td>393</td></tr>
<tr><td>76.0</td><td>Steuben</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0179</td><td>34,591</td><td>619</td></tr>
<tr><td>77.0</td><td>Sullivan</td><td style="text-align:right">0.017</td><td>20,647</td><td>351</td></tr>
<tr><td>78.0</td><td>Switzerland</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0125</td><td>10,727</td><td>134</td></tr>
<tr><td>79.0</td><td>Tippecanoe</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0128</td><td>193,302</td><td>2474</td></tr>
<tr><td>80.0</td><td>Tipton</td><td style="text-align:right">0.026</td><td>15,154</td><td>394</td></tr>
<tr><td>81.0</td><td>Union</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td>7,140</td><td>143</td></tr>
<tr><td>82.0</td><td>Vanderburgh</td><td style="text-align:right">0.012125</td><td>181,548</td><td>2201</td></tr>
<tr><td>83.0</td><td>Vermillion</td><td style="text-align:right">0.015</td><td>15,485</td><td>232</td></tr>
<tr><td>84.0</td><td>Vigo</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td>107,305</td><td>2146</td></tr>
<tr><td>85.0</td><td>Wabash</td><td style="text-align:right">0.029</td><td>31,198</td><td>905</td></tr>
<tr><td>86.0</td><td>Warren</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0212</td><td>8,219</td><td>174</td></tr>
<tr><td>87.0</td><td>Warrick</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td>62,608</td><td>626</td></tr>
<tr><td>88.0</td><td>Washington</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td>27,942</td><td>559</td></tr>
<tr><td>89.0</td><td>Wayne</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0125</td><td>66,176</td><td>827</td></tr>
<tr><td>90.0</td><td>Wells</td><td style="text-align:right">0.021</td><td>28,010</td><td>588</td></tr>
<tr><td>91.0</td><td>White</td><td style="text-align:right">0.0232</td><td>24,163</td><td>561</td></tr>
<tr><td>92.0</td><td>Whitley</td><td style="text-align:right">0.016829</td><td>33,899</td><td>570</td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Mean</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.01836</td><td></td><td>0.01711</td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Median</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.01750</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Minimum</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.005</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Maximum</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.03</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-18">IA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Iowa State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>EXCRAMT1</td><td>personal exemption credit</td><td style="text-align:left">40.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 8, Step 3a</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXCRAMT2</td><td>additional personal exemption credit for age 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">20.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 9, Step 3a</td></tr>
<tr><td>MINFEDD1</td><td>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a single filer</td><td style="text-align:left">9000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td></tr>
<tr><td>MINFEDD2</td><td>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a joint or head of household filer</td><td style="text-align:left">13500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td></tr>
<tr><td>MINFOLD1</td><td>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a single filer age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td></tr>
<tr><td>MINFOLD2</td><td>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a joint or head of household filer age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td></tr>
<tr><td>IADISAG1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for disability exclusion for single and head of household filers if retired, under 65 years old, and disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">20200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IA 2440</td></tr>
<tr><td>IADISAG2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for disability exclusion for joint filers if both spouses are retired, under 65 years old, and disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">25400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IA 2440</td></tr>
<tr><td>MXDISINC</td><td>amount used to calculation reduction in disability exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IA 2440, Line 4b</td></tr>
<tr><td>MXDISAMT</td><td>maximum yearly disability exclusion (weekly amount multiplied by 52 weeks)</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IA 2440, Line 2a</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 49, Step 6, Line 25</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXALTC1</td><td>amount used in calculation of state tax liability for filers under 65 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">13500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p.13, Iowa tax from tax rate schedule or alternate tax, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXALTC2</td><td>amount used in calculation of state tax liability for filers age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p.13, Iowa tax from tax rate schedule or alternate tax, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>ALTCADJ</td><td>percentage used in calculation of state tax liability</td><td style="text-align:left">0.06</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p.13, Iowa tax from tax rate schedule or alternate tax, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>IATCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td>0 6000 30000 75000 10000000</td><td>Tax rates 2023</td></tr>
<tr><td>IATRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.044 0.0482 0.0570 0.060</td><td>Tax rates 2023</td></tr>
<tr><td>IACCPCT</td><td>percentage of child care expenses claimable as a credit based on federal total income brackets for the child and dependent care credit or early childhood development tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.75 0.65 0.55 0.50 0.40 0.30</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 48, Step 6, Line 24</td></tr>
<tr><td>IACCCUT</td><td>federal total income brackets for the child and dependent care credit or early childhood development tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">10000 20000 25000 35000 40000 90000</td><td style="text-align:left">IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 48, Step 6, Line 24</td></tr>
<tr><td>IASDRAT</td><td>population-weighted average school district income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03009</td><td>Iowa surtax rates (refer to the &quot;IA local&quot; sheet for calculation)</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-19">IA local</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td colspan="5" style="text-align:left"><strong>Calculation of Population-Weighted Average Local Income Tax Rate in Iowa</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>District ID</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>School District Name</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Local Surtax</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2022 Population Count (from SAIPE)</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Weighted Average</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03060</td><td>AGWSR Community School District</td><td>0.14</td><td>4,357</td><td>609.98</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04080</td><td>AHSTW Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>4,917</td><td>147.51</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03090</td><td>Adair-Casey Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>1,972</td><td>157.76</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03150</td><td>Adel-De Soto-Minburn Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>11,104</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03220</td><td>Akron-Westfield Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,142</td><td>125.68</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00031</td><td>Albert City-Truesdale Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,339</td><td>13.39</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03270</td><td>Albia Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>6,815</td><td>204.45</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03300</td><td>Alburnett Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>3,205</td><td>96.15</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00032</td><td>Alden Community School District</td><td>0.11</td><td>1,432</td><td>157.52</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03360</td><td>Algona Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>9,630</td><td>577.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03390</td><td>Allamakee Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>8,425</td><td>674.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03480</td><td>Alta-Aurelia Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>4,675</td><td>420.75</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03540</td><td>Ames Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>62,997</td><td>1,889.91</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03570</td><td>Anamosa Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>9,607</td><td>576.42</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03630</td><td>Andrew Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>1,552</td><td>31.04</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03690</td><td>Ankeny Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>73,778</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03750</td><td>Aplington-Parkersburg Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>4,552</td><td>182.08</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03780</td><td>Ar-We-Va Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,971</td><td>98.55</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03930</td><td>Atlantic Community School District</td><td>0.12</td><td>8,300</td><td>996.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03960</td><td>Audubon Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>3,261</td><td>260.88</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04440</td><td>BCLUW Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>3,150</td><td>157.50</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04200</td><td>Ballard Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>8,565</td><td>171.30</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04380</td><td>Baxter Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>1,885</td><td>169.65</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04560</td><td>Bedford Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>3,159</td><td>252.72</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04620</td><td>Belle Plaine Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,314</td><td>66.28</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04650</td><td>Bellevue Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>4,601</td><td>230.05</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04680</td><td>Belmond-Klemme Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>4,137</td><td>124.11</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04740</td><td>Bennett Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,237</td><td>12.37</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04830</td><td>Benton Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>9,319</td><td>372.76</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04860</td><td>Bettendorf Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>23,767</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">05070</td><td>Bondurant-Farrar Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>10,072</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">05130</td><td>Boone Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>14,228</td><td>142.28</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">05190</td><td>Boyden-Hull Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>4,403</td><td>88.06</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">09570</td><td>Boyer Valley Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,528</td><td>151.68</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">05490</td><td>Brooklyn-Guernsey-Malcom Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,308</td><td>66.16</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">05790</td><td>Burlington Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>27,753</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">05940</td><td>CAM Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>2,893</td><td>289.30</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">05970</td><td>Cal Community School District</td><td>0.11</td><td>1,417</td><td>155.87</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06000</td><td>Calamus-Wheatland Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,389</td><td>143.34</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06060</td><td>Camanche Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>5,455</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06240</td><td>Cardinal Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,529</td><td>247.03</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06270</td><td>Carlisle Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>9,487</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06330</td><td>Carroll Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>14,342</td><td>430.26</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06510</td><td>Cedar Falls Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>42,041</td><td>420.41</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06540</td><td>Cedar Rapids Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>125,401</td><td>6,270.05</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06660</td><td>Center Point-Urbana Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>6,191</td><td>185.73</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06750</td><td>Centerville Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>8,458</td><td>422.90</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06780</td><td>Central City Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>2,746</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06840</td><td>Central Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>3,135</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06810</td><td>Central DeWitt Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>9,275</td><td>649.25</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06900</td><td>Central Decatur Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,971</td><td>39.71</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06930</td><td>Central Lee Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>4,863</td><td>145.89</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">06960</td><td>Central Lyon Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>4,595</td><td>183.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20760</td><td>Central Springs Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>5,220</td><td>365.40</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07050</td><td>Chariton Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>8,186</td><td>163.72</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07080</td><td>Charles City Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>10,772</td><td>754.04</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07110</td><td>Charter Oak-Ute Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>1,714</td><td>34.28</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07170</td><td>Cherokee Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>6,368</td><td>191.04</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07350</td><td>Clarinda Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>7,235</td><td>217.05</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07380</td><td>Clarion-Goldfield-Dows Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>5,467</td><td>437.36</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07410</td><td>Clarke Community School District</td><td>0.17</td><td>8,251</td><td>1,402.67</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07440</td><td>Clarksville Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>1,962</td><td>58.86</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07470</td><td>Clay Central-Everly Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>2,190</td><td>21.90</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13350</td><td>Clayton Ridge Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>4,908</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07590</td><td>Clear Creek-Amana Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>17,652</td><td>1,765.20</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07620</td><td>Clear Lake Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>8,306</td><td>332.24</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07710</td><td>Clinton Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>23,974</td><td>719.22</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00009</td><td>Colfax-Mingo Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>4,569</td><td>91.38</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07860</td><td>College Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>28,826</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07900</td><td>Collins-Maxwell Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,844</td><td>113.76</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07920</td><td>Colo-Nesco Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>3,040</td><td>152.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">07980</td><td>Columbus Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>4,171</td><td>417.10</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08070</td><td>Coon Rapids-Bayard Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,536</td><td>177.52</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08130</td><td>Corning Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,682</td><td>187.74</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08220</td><td>Council Bluffs Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>58,592</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08310</td><td>Creston Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>9,707</td><td>776.56</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08520</td><td>Dallas Center-Grimes Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>16,218</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08550</td><td>Danville Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,737</td><td>191.59</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08580</td><td>Davenport Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>107,709</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08610</td><td>Davis County Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>8,916</td><td>89.16</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08730</td><td>Decorah Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>13,091</td><td>785.46</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08880</td><td>Delwood Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>1,145</td><td>103.05</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08910</td><td>Denison Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>10,119</td><td>303.57</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08940</td><td>Denver Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>4,113</td><td>164.52</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">08970</td><td>Des Moines Independent Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>216,456</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">09060</td><td>Diagonal Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>712</td><td>56.96</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">09120</td><td>Dike-New Hartford Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>4,313</td><td>301.91</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">09480</td><td>Dubuque Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>79,365</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">09540</td><td>Dunkerton Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>2,340</td><td>117.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">09600</td><td>Durant Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,991</td><td>209.37</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">09990</td><td>Eagle Grove Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>4,690</td><td>46.90</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">10050</td><td>Earlham Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>3,133</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">10110</td><td>East Buchanan Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,030</td><td>212.10</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00040</td><td>East Marshall Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>3,715</td><td>334.35</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18240</td><td>East Mills Community School District</td><td>0.20</td><td>3,243</td><td>648.60</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">29580</td><td>East Sac County Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>5,675</td><td>56.75</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">10350</td><td>East Union Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>2,918</td><td>291.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">10410</td><td>Eastern Allamakee Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,620</td><td>157.20</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">10130</td><td>Easton Valley Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,705</td><td>148.20</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">04950</td><td>Eddyville-Blakesburg-Fremont Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>5,032</td><td>251.60</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">10500</td><td>Edgewood-Colesburg Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,984</td><td>119.36</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">10690</td><td>Eldora-New Providence Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,741</td><td>74.82</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">10950</td><td>Emmetsburg Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>4,640</td><td>324.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">10980</td><td>English Valleys Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>2,951</td><td>236.08</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">11040</td><td>Essex Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>1,194</td><td>107.46</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">11070</td><td>Estherville Lincoln Central Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>7,406</td><td>666.54</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">11250</td><td>Exira-Elk Horn-Kimballton Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>3,063</td><td>153.15</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">11340</td><td>Fairfield Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>14,498</td><td>144.98</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">11790</td><td>Forest City Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>7,463</td><td>597.04</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">11820</td><td>Fort Dodge Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>28,843</td><td>576.86</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">11850</td><td>Fort Madison Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>16,122</td><td>483.66</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">12120</td><td>Fremont-Mills Community School District</td><td>0.18</td><td>2,255</td><td>405.90</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00060</td><td>GMG Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>1,695</td><td>135.60</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">12230</td><td>Galva-Holstein Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>2,633</td><td>263.30</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">12330</td><td>Garner-Hayfield-Ventura Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>5,699</td><td>113.98</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">12480</td><td>George-Little Rock Community School District</td><td>0.16</td><td>2,594</td><td>415.04</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">12510</td><td>Gilbert Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>8,079</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">12600</td><td>Gilmore City-Bradgate Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>896</td><td>44.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">12660</td><td>Gladbrook-Reinbeck Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,972</td><td>79.44</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">12690</td><td>Glenwood Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>10,709</td><td>963.81</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">12750</td><td>Glidden-Ralston Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,861</td><td>18.61</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">12810</td><td>Graettinger-Terril Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,279</td><td>91.16</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">15210</td><td>Greene County Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>7,419</td><td>667.71</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13200</td><td>Grinnell-Newburg Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>12,281</td><td>245.62</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13230</td><td>Griswold Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,085</td><td>30.85</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13290</td><td>Grundy Center Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,854</td><td>250.51</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13320</td><td>Guthrie Center Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,587</td><td>181.09</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13380</td><td>H-L-V Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>2,029</td><td>40.58</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13440</td><td>Hamburg Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>1,270</td><td>50.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13470</td><td>Hampton-Dumont Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>6,618</td><td>198.54</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13500</td><td>Harlan Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>8,266</td><td>578.62</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">16140</td><td>Harris-Lake Park Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>1,900</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13660</td><td>Hartley-Melvin-Sanborn Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>4,415</td><td>132.45</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14010</td><td>Highland Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,951</td><td>79.02</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14160</td><td>Hinton Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,024</td><td>211.68</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14280</td><td>Howard-Winneshiek Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>9,024</td><td>541.44</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14310</td><td>Hubbard-Radcliffe Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>2,685</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14340</td><td>Hudson Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,771</td><td>75.42</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14370</td><td>Humboldt Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>7,477</td><td>149.54</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14880</td><td>IKM-Manning Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>4,292</td><td>214.60</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14580</td><td>Independence Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>9,106</td><td>546.36</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14640</td><td>Indianola Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>21,877</td><td>1,093.85</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14670</td><td>Interstate 35 Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>4,919</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14700</td><td>Iowa City Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>123,524</td><td>4,940.96</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14730</td><td>Iowa Falls Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>6,517</td><td>456.19</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">14850</td><td>Iowa Valley Community School District</td><td>0.12</td><td>3,515</td><td>421.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">15180</td><td>Janesville Consolidated School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,531</td><td>151.86</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">15330</td><td>Jesup Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>5,148</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">15450</td><td>Johnston Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>39,795</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">15630</td><td>Keokuk Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>11,617</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">15660</td><td>Keota Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>1,894</td><td>56.82</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">15750</td><td>Kingsley-Pierson Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,499</td><td>99.96</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">15840</td><td>Knoxville Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>11,564</td><td>809.48</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">16110</td><td>Lake Mills Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,793</td><td>75.86</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">16320</td><td>Lamoni Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>2,665</td><td>133.25</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">16420</td><td>Laurens-Marathon Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>2,035</td><td>203.50</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">16440</td><td>Lawton-Bronson Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,294</td><td>32.94</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">16530</td><td>Le Mars Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>14,134</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">16620</td><td>Lenox Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>2,226</td><td>44.52</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">16680</td><td>Lewis Central Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>16,447</td><td>328.94</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">17220</td><td>Linn-Mar Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>42,498</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">17250</td><td>Lisbon Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,397</td><td>67.94</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">17460</td><td>Logan-Magnolia Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,987</td><td>209.09</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">17550</td><td>Lone Tree Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>2,377</td><td>190.16</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">17820</td><td>Louisa-Muscatine Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>3,951</td><td>316.08</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">17880</td><td>Lu Verne Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>1,377</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18030</td><td>Lynnville-Sully Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,861</td><td>171.66</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18120</td><td>MFL MarMac Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>5,149</td><td>514.90</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18840</td><td>MOC-Floyd Valley Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>11,117</td><td>222.34</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18180</td><td>Madrid Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,856</td><td>154.24</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18330</td><td>Manson Northwest Webster Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>3,977</td><td>238.62</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18480</td><td>Maple Valley-Anthon Oto Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,819</td><td>38.19</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18510</td><td>Maquoketa Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>8,867</td><td>709.36</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18540</td><td>Maquoketa Valley Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>4,633</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18630</td><td>Marcus-Meriden-Cleghorn Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>2,739</td><td>219.12</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18690</td><td>Marion Independent School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>12,914</td><td>516.56</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18720</td><td>Marshalltown Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>30,208</td><td>302.08</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18750</td><td>Martensdale-St. Marys Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,078</td><td>30.78</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18780</td><td>Mason City Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>27,867</td><td>278.67</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18930</td><td>Mediapolis Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>4,930</td><td>345.10</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">18960</td><td>Melcher-Dallas Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,845</td><td>18.45</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19140</td><td>Mid-Prairie Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>9,636</td><td>867.24</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19200</td><td>Midland Community School District</td><td>0.12</td><td>3,463</td><td>415.56</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19440</td><td>Missouri Valley Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>5,184</td><td>51.84</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19590</td><td>Montezuma Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>3,123</td><td>249.84</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19650</td><td>Monticello Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>6,659</td><td>399.54</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19710</td><td>Moravia Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>2,095</td><td>104.75</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19740</td><td>Mormon Trail Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>1,585</td><td>158.50</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19770</td><td>Morning Sun Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>1,178</td><td>82.46</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19800</td><td>Moulton-Udell Community School District</td><td>0.11</td><td>1,430</td><td>157.30</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19860</td><td>Mount Ayr Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>3,903</td><td>234.18</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">19890</td><td>Mount Pleasant Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>13,490</td><td>674.50</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20040</td><td>Mount Vernon Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>6,517</td><td>325.85</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20100</td><td>Murray Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>1,609</td><td>64.36</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20130</td><td>Muscatine Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>29,032</td><td>290.32</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20190</td><td>Nashua-Plainfield Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,757</td><td>262.99</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20250</td><td>Nevada Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>8,715</td><td>435.75</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20340</td><td>New Hampton Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>6,642</td><td>398.52</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20460</td><td>New London Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>3,063</td><td>275.67</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20580</td><td>Newell-Fonda Community School District</td><td>0.11</td><td>2,425</td><td>266.75</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20610</td><td>Newton Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>21,915</td><td>1,534.05</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">13110</td><td>Nodaway Valley Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>4,269</td><td>384.21</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03450</td><td>North Butler Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,585</td><td>35.85</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">17100</td><td>North Cedar Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>5,044</td><td>504.40</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00006</td><td>North Fayette Valley Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>8,594</td><td>687.52</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">05750</td><td>North Iowa Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>2,909</td><td>72.73</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20830</td><td>North Kossuth Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>2,095</td><td>104.75</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20820</td><td>North Linn Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,464</td><td>34.64</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20850</td><td>North Mahaska Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>2,791</td><td>55.82</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20910</td><td>North Polk Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>9,165</td><td>366.60</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">20940</td><td>North Scott Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>16,090</td><td>160.90</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21000</td><td>North Tama County Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,892</td><td>115.68</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">03850</td><td>North Union Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>2,798</td><td>167.88</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21090</td><td>Northeast Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>2,919</td><td>262.71</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21210</td><td>Northwood-Kensett Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>3,376</td><td>168.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21240</td><td>Norwalk Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>16,058</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21600</td><td>Odebolt Arthur Battle Creek Ida Grove Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>5,614</td><td>112.28</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21630</td><td>Oelwein Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>8,329</td><td>749.61</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21660</td><td>Ogden Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,643</td><td>145.72</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00021</td><td>Okoboji Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>7,286</td><td>145.72</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21720</td><td>Olin Consolidated School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,426</td><td>14.26</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21810</td><td>Orient-Macksburg Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>1,259</td><td>125.90</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21840</td><td>Osage Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>6,008</td><td>120.16</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">21870</td><td>Oskaloosa Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>15,819</td><td>632.76</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">22110</td><td>Ottumwa Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>29,100</td><td>873.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">99017</td><td>PCM Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>5,938</td><td>296.90</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00025</td><td>Panorama Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>4,522</td><td>180.88</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">22380</td><td>Paton-Churdan Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>1,072</td><td>10.72</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">22440</td><td>Pekin Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,507</td><td>245.49</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">22470</td><td>Pella Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>15,848</td><td>633.92</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">22530</td><td>Perry Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>10,405</td><td>312.15</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">23110</td><td>Pleasant Valley Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>25,931</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">23160</td><td>Pleasantville Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>3,569</td><td>285.52</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">23190</td><td>Pocahontas Area Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>4,754</td><td>427.86</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">23340</td><td>Postville Community School District</td><td>0.15</td><td>3,558</td><td>533.70</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00028</td><td>Prairie Valley Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>3,525</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">24000</td><td>Red Oak Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>6,813</td><td>408.78</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">24120</td><td>Remsen-Union Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>2,899</td><td>28.99</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">24150</td><td>Riceville Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>2,596</td><td>233.64</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">10340</td><td>River Valley Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>2,519</td><td>50.38</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00027</td><td>Riverside Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>3,921</td><td>352.89</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">24660</td><td>Rock Valley Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>5,459</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">24870</td><td>Roland-Story Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>5,884</td><td>529.56</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">24960</td><td>Rudd-Rockford-Marble Rock Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>2,714</td><td>81.42</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">25050</td><td>Ruthven-Ayrshire Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>1,408</td><td>126.72</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">25320</td><td>Saydel Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>8,713</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">25380</td><td>Schaller-Crestland Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>2,123</td><td>42.46</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">25410</td><td>Schleswig Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,468</td><td>73.40</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">25590</td><td>Sergeant Bluff-Luton Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>6,622</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">25620</td><td>Seymour Community School District</td><td>0.11</td><td>2,627</td><td>288.97</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">25980</td><td>Sheldon Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>7,392</td><td>517.44</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26070</td><td>Shenandoah Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>6,899</td><td>551.92</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00015</td><td>Sibley-Ocheyedan Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>4,400</td><td>396.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26250</td><td>Sidney Community School District</td><td>0.20</td><td>2,224</td><td>444.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26280</td><td>Sigourney Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>3,470</td><td>34.70</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26370</td><td>Sioux Center Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>10,072</td><td>604.32</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00023</td><td>Sioux Central Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>2,753</td><td>137.65</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26400</td><td>Sioux City Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>86,498</td><td>2,594.94</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26580</td><td>Solon Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>7,521</td><td>75.21</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00024</td><td>South Central Calhoun Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>6,493</td><td>64.93</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26640</td><td>South Hamilton Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,630</td><td>254.10</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00026</td><td>South O&#039;Brien Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>4,134</td><td>413.40</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26670</td><td>South Page Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,324</td><td>66.20</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26730</td><td>South Tama County Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>8,981</td><td>359.24</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26790</td><td>South Winneshiek Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>4,444</td><td>266.64</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26820</td><td>Southeast Polk Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>41,081</td><td>2,054.05</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26850</td><td>Southeast Warren Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>3,180</td><td>159.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">99019</td><td>Southeast Webster-Grand Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>3,312</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">26910</td><td>Spencer Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>12,711</td><td>508.44</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27000</td><td>Spirit Lake Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>8,569</td><td>85.69</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27060</td><td>Springville Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>2,469</td><td>24.69</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">25200</td><td>St. Ansgar Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>3,892</td><td>272.44</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27240</td><td>Stanton Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>1,140</td><td>22.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27270</td><td>Starmont Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,561</td><td>71.22</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27390</td><td>Storm Lake Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>12,745</td><td>637.25</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27480</td><td>Stratford Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>1,219</td><td>48.76</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27600</td><td>Sumner-Fredericksburg Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>4,857</td><td>485.70</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27870</td><td>Tipton Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>5,103</td><td>510.30</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27960</td><td>Treynor Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,203</td><td>128.12</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27990</td><td>Tri-Center Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,594</td><td>71.88</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">28020</td><td>Tri-County Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>1,644</td><td>32.88</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">28050</td><td>Tripoli Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>2,395</td><td>167.65</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">28110</td><td>Turkey Valley Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>2,829</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">28170</td><td>Twin Cedars Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>2,190</td><td>21.90</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">28200</td><td>Twin Rivers Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>1,152</td><td>69.12</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">28230</td><td>Underwood Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>4,017</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">00022</td><td>Union Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>5,948</td><td>416.36</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">28560</td><td>United Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>2,953</td><td>29.53</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">28680</td><td>Urbandale Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>22,060</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">28980</td><td>Van Buren County Community School District</td><td>0.09</td><td>7,580</td><td>682.20</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">29010</td><td>Van Meter Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>3,942</td><td>118.26</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">29280</td><td>Villisca Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,902</td><td>95.10</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">29310</td><td>Vinton-Shellsburg Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>10,152</td><td>710.64</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">29490</td><td>Waco Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>2,866</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">29730</td><td>Wapello Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,532</td><td>141.28</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">29760</td><td>Wapsie Valley Community School District</td><td>0.10</td><td>3,820</td><td>382.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30240</td><td>Washington Community School District</td><td>0.08</td><td>10,333</td><td>826.64</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30480</td><td>Waterloo Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>75,974</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30510</td><td>Waukee Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>72,233</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30540</td><td>Waverly-Shell Rock Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>14,497</td><td>869.82</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30560</td><td>Wayne Community School District</td><td>0.03</td><td>3,882</td><td>116.46</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30630</td><td>Webster City Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>10,638</td><td>531.90</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30720</td><td>West Bend-Mallard Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>1,883</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30750</td><td>West Branch Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>4,531</td><td>90.62</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30780</td><td>West Burlington Independent School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>2,822</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30870</td><td>West Central Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,607</td><td>80.35</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">27500</td><td>West Central Valley Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>5,956</td><td>297.80</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30900</td><td>West Delaware County Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>9,401</td><td>658.07</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30930</td><td>West Des Moines Community School District</td><td>0.00</td><td>65,031</td><td>0.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">25920</td><td>West Fork Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>4,618</td><td>46.18</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">05430</td><td>West Hancock Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>3,683</td><td>73.66</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30960</td><td>West Harrison Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,498</td><td>99.92</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">30990</td><td>West Liberty Community School District</td><td>0.02</td><td>6,161</td><td>123.22</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31020</td><td>West Lyon Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>4,954</td><td>346.78</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31080</td><td>West Marshall Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>4,622</td><td>277.32</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31110</td><td>West Monona Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,971</td><td>158.84</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31290</td><td>West Sioux Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>4,340</td><td>43.40</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31350</td><td>Western Dubuque County Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>22,643</td><td>1,358.58</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31470</td><td>Westwood Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>3,192</td><td>127.68</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31620</td><td>Whiting Community School District</td><td>0.05</td><td>1,060</td><td>53.00</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31680</td><td>Williamsburg Community School District</td><td>0.07</td><td>6,560</td><td>459.20</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31800</td><td>Wilton Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>4,677</td><td>187.08</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31830</td><td>Winfield-Mount Union Community School District</td><td>0.06</td><td>1,774</td><td>106.44</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31860</td><td>Winterset Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>10,404</td><td>416.16</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31920</td><td>Woodbine Community School District</td><td>0.14</td><td>2,607</td><td>364.98</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">31950</td><td>Woodbury Central Community School District</td><td>0.04</td><td>2,977</td><td>119.08</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:right">32010</td><td>Woodward-Granger Community School District</td><td>0.01</td><td>5,911</td><td>59.11</td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Mean</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.04657</td><td></td><td>0.03009</td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Median</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.04000</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Minimum</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.00000</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Maximum</strong></em></td><td></td><td>0.20000</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-20">KS</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Kansas State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGSTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers, 65 years old and over</td><td style="text-align:left">4350.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGSTD21</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, with one person 65 years old and over</td><td style="text-align:left">8700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGSTD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 years old and over</td><td style="text-align:left">6850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGSTDINC1</td><td>additional standard deduction for single filers, 65 years old and over or blind (subtract standard deduction amount from corresponding worksheet amount with one box checked) </td><td style="text-align:left">850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGSTDINC2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, 65 years old and over or blind (subtract standard deduction amount from corresponding worksheet amount with one box checked) </td><td style="text-align:left">700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGSTDINC4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 years old and over or blind (subtract standard deduction amount from corresponding worksheet amount with one box checked) </td><td style="text-align:left">850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td></tr>
<tr><td>FOODCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed to claim food sales tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30615.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40, p. 6, Food Sales Tax Credit, Line D</td></tr>
<tr><td>FOODEX1</td><td>credit amount per exemption and dependent for the food sales tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">125.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40, p. 6, Food Sales Tax Credit, Line H</td></tr>
<tr><td>PERXAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">2250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 7, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.17</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td></tr>
<tr><td>SSAGICUT</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed to deduct social security benefits </td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 11, Schedule S Instructions, Line A9</td></tr>
<tr><td>KSTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 2500 15000 30000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 32, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>KSTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 5000 30000 60000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 32, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>KSTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.031 0.0525 0.057</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 32, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCPCT</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care expense credit allowed as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOOPDEDPCT</td><td>percentage of federal qualified medical expense deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 14, Schedule A Instructions</td></tr>
<tr><td>ARELTAXPCT</td><td>percentage of federal real and personal property tax deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 14, Schedule A Instructions</td></tr>
<tr><td>AINTDEDPCT</td><td>percentage of federal qualified residential interest deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form K-40 Instructions, p. 14, Schedule A Instructions</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-21">KY</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Kentucky State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCPCT</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowable as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 740 Instructions, p. 12, Line 24</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2980.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 740 Instructions, p. 1, What&#039;s New?</td></tr>
<tr><td>PERCRED</td><td>personal tax credits for head and/or spouse for 65 years or older or legally blind</td><td style="text-align:left">40.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section B, Line 1 and 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEN</td><td>maximum pension income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">31110.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule P, Part III, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>FSTCAMT</td><td>maximum modified gross income to be eligible for the family size tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">39900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 740 Instructions, p. 12, Line 20 and 21</td></tr>
<tr><td>KYFSTC1</td><td>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit for one person</td><td style="text-align:left">14580 15163 15746 16330 16913 17496 18079 18517 18954 19391</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>KYFSTC2</td><td>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit for two people</td><td style="text-align:left">19720 20509 21298 22086 22875 23664 24453 25044 25636 26228</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>KYFSTC3</td><td>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit for three people</td><td style="text-align:left">24860 25854 26849 27843 28838 29832 30826 31572 32318 33064</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>KYFSTC4</td><td>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit for four or more people</td><td style="text-align:left">30000 31200 32400 33600 34800 36000 37200 38100 39000 39900</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>KYFSRAT</td><td>family size tax credit percentages</td><td style="text-align:left">1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>KYTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.045</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 740 Instructions, p. 11, Line 12</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-22">LA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Louisiana State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEND</td><td>maximum retirement exemption for taxpayers 65 years or older</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 5, Schedule E, Code 06E</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540 Instructions for Preparing Your 2023 Louisiana Income Tax Return, p. 2, Line 15</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCUT1</td><td>first federal AGI cutoff to determine nonrefundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 1A</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCUT2</td><td>second federal AGI cutoff to determine nonrefundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">35000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 1A</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCUT3</td><td>third federal AGI cutoff to determine nonrefundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 1A</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCPCT1</td><td>first refundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCPCT2</td><td>second nonrefundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 1A</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCPCT3</td><td>three nonrefundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 1A</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCMAX</td><td>maximum nonrefundable child care credit for taxpayers with federal AGI above CCCUT3</td><td style="text-align:left">25.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 2A</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCREFMX1</td><td>maximum qualified child care expenses for one qualifying person for the refundable child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCREFMX2</td><td>maximum qualified child care expenses for two or more qualifying people for the refundable child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCRFCUT</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs to determine refundable child care credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0 15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCRFRAT</td><td>refundable child care credit percentages</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.30</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>LASTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 1, Line 8C</td></tr>
<tr><td>LASTD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 1, Line 8C</td></tr>
<tr><td>LASTD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 1, Line 8C</td></tr>
<tr><td>LAPEX1</td><td>personal exemption amount for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">2023 Louisiana Tax Table notes</td></tr>
<tr><td>LAPEX2</td><td>personal exemption amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">9000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">2023 Louisiana Tax Table notes</td></tr>
<tr><td>LAADDEX</td><td>additional exemption amount for dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">2023 Louisiana Tax Table notes</td></tr>
<tr><td>LATCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 12500 50000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Rates webpage</td></tr>
<tr><td>LATCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 25000 100000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Rates webpage</td></tr>
<tr><td>LATRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0185 0.0350 0.0425</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Rates webpage</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-23">ME</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Maine State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PEAMT</td><td>personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">4700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Line 18</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCPCT_R</td><td>percentage for regular child care expenses for the child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Child Care Credit,  Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCPCT_Q</td><td>percentage for quality (step 4 or 5) child care expenses for the child care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Child Care Credit,  Line 3 (not currently used in the model)</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCRF</td><td>maximum child care credit </td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Child Care Credit,  Line 5a</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state earned income tax credit for filers with at least one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCTNOKID</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">EITC Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPENX</td><td>maximum pension income deduction (if joint filers, head and spouse can each deduct amount)</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 1S, Worksheet for Pension Income Deduction, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXITMZ</td><td>maximum allowable itemized deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">33200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 2, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>MESTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>MESTD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>MESTD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGICUT1</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full standard or itemized deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">91500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGICUT2</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full standard or itemized deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">183050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGICUT4</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full standard or itemized deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">137300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGIDENM1</td><td>amount used to calculate percentage of standard or itemized deduction that can be claimed for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGIDENM2</td><td>amount used to calculate percentage of standard or itemized deduction that can be claimed for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGIDENM4</td><td>amount used to calculate percentage of standard or itemized deduction that can be claimed for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">112500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized Deductions, Line 17, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">EXECUT1</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">305150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">EXECUT2</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">366100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">EXECUT4</td><td>maximum state AGI to claim full personal exemption for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">335650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">EXEDENM</td><td>amount used to calculate percentage of personal exemption that can be claimed for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">125000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRDLIM1</td><td>maximum total income to claim the sales tax fairness credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">29800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 25d and 25e, Notes</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRDLIM2</td><td>maximum total income to claim the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">58600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 25d and 25e, Notes</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRDLIM4</td><td>maximum total income to claim the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">46950.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 25d and 25e, Notes</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRDCUT1</td><td>total income brackets for sales tax fairness credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 23300 23800 24300 24800 25300 25800 26300 26800 27300 27800 28300 28800 29300 29800</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRDCUT2</td><td>total income brackets for sales tax fairness credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 46600 47600 48600 49600 50600 51600 52600 53600 54600 55600 56600 57600 58600</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRDCUT4</td><td>total income brackets for sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 34950 35700 36450 37200 37950 38700 39450 40200 40950 41700 42450 43200 43950 44700 45450 46200 46950</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRAMT11</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for single filers with one exemption.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for single filers with any number of dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRAMT21</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with one exemption.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRAMT22</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with two exemptions.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">225 205 185 165 145 125 105 85 65 45 25 5 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRAMT23</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with three exemptions.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">255 235 215 195 175 155 135 115 95 75 55 35 15</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRAMT41</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with one exemption.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with zero or one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">200 185 170 155 140 125 110 95 80 65 50 35 20 5 0 0 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRAMT42</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with two exemptions.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with two dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">225 210 195 180 165 150 135 120 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 0 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCRAMT43</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with three exemptions.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for head of household filers with three or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">255 240 225 210 195 180 165 150 135 120 105 90 75 60 45 30 15</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>XTRD1</td><td>additional deduction for single or head of household filers who are age 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule, Additional Amount for Age and Blindness</td></tr>
<tr><td>XTRD2</td><td>additional deduction for joint filers who are age 65 or older or blind (for each spouse)</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule, Additional Amount for Age and Blindness</td></tr>
<tr><td>METXCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers </td><td style="text-align:left">0 24500 58050 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>METXCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers </td><td style="text-align:left">0 49050 116100 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>METXCUT4</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers </td><td style="text-align:left">0 36750 87100 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>METXRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.058 0.0675 0.0715</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">MEDEPEX</td><td style="text-align:left">dependent exemption per qualifying child or dependent that can claimed as a credit</td><td style="text-align:left">300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">MEDEPCT1</td><td style="text-align:left">maximum state AGI to claim full dependent exemption tax credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">MEDEPCT2</td><td style="text-align:left">maximum state AGI to claim full dependent exemption tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">400000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">MEDEPPCT</td><td style="text-align:left">percentage of credit reduction for filers with income above maximum state AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0075</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit (Line 7 divided by Line 6)</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-24">MD</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Maryland State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th> </th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PEAMT1</td><td>maximum personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">3200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEAMT2</td><td>second highest personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">1600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEAMT3</td><td>third highest personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEAMT4</td><td>fourth highest personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PECUT11</td><td>first federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PECUT12</td><td>second federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">125000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PECUT13</td><td>third federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PECUT21</td><td>first federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PECUT22</td><td>second federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">175000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PECUT23</td><td>third federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>ELDAMT</td><td>additional exemption for filers age 65 and older and/or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart (10A) Notes</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXRET</td><td>maximum allowable pension exclusion (for each spouse if filing jointly)</td><td style="text-align:left">36200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 6, Pension Exclusion Computation Worksheet (13A), Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDMIN1</td><td>minimum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDMIN2</td><td>minimum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3450.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDMAX1</td><td>maximum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2550.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDMAX2</td><td>maximum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDPCT</td><td>percentage of state AGI to calculate standard deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCSTD11</td><td>state AGI cutoff for minimum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">11333.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCSTD12</td><td>state AGI cutoff for maximum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">17000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCSTD21</td><td>state AGI cutoff for minimum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">23000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>INCSTD22</td><td>state AGI cutoff for maximum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">34333.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction Worksheet (16A)</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXMIL</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum allowable military retirement income exclusion for under 65 years old. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum allowable military retirement income exclusion for under 55 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">12500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 9, Line 13u</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXMIL65</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum allowable military retirement income exclusion for 65 or older. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum allowable military retirement income exclusion for 55 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 9, Line 13u</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCC1</td><td>limit of child care expenses for one child for the child and dependent care expense subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 7, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCC2</td><td>limit of child care expenses for two or more children for the child and dependent care expense subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 7, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCCUT1</td><td>federal AGI to start reducing the credit for child and dependent care expenses percentage for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCMAX1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim credit for child and dependent care expenses for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">103651.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCINC1</td><td>federal AGI increment for credit for child and dependent care expense reduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCCUT2</td><td>federal AGI to start reducing the credit for child and dependent care expenses percentage for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCMAX2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim credit child and dependent care expenses for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">161101.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCINC2</td><td>federal AGI increment for credit for child and dependent care expense reduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCRAT</td><td>maximum rate for the credit for the child and dependent care expenses</td><td style="text-align:left">0.32</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCRATINC</td><td>percentage increments to reduce rate for the credit for child and dependent care expenses</td><td style="text-align:left">0.00319999999999998</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCDIM1</td><td>number of brackets for the credit for child and dependent care expenses (for single filers in 2021)</td><td style="text-align:left">38.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCDIM2</td><td>number of brackets for the credit for child and dependent care expenses (for joint filers in 2021)</td><td style="text-align:left">38.0</td><td>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care Expenses Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCLIM1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable child and dependent care credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">56300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p.18, Refundable Child and Dependent Care Expenses Tax Credit (21B), Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCLIM2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable child and dependent care credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">84500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p.18, Refundable Child and Dependent Care Expenses Tax Credit (21B), Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>CNTPCT</td><td>population-weighted average of county and local income tax rates (assumption)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03080</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 21, Local Tax Rate Chart (refer to the &quot;MD local&quot; sheet for calculation)</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAX2INC</td><td>maximum two-income married couple subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">1200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 10, Two-Income Married Couple Subtraction Worksheet (13D), Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT1</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a non-refundable state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, State EIC Worksheet (18A), Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT2</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a refundable state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.45</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 18, Refundable Earned Income Credit Worksheet (21A), Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICLOC</td><td>local earned income tax credit multiplier</td><td style="text-align:left">10.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Local Earned Income Credit Worksheet (19B), Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>LOWPCT</td><td>percentage of earned income claimable as a poverty level credit </td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, State Poverty Level Credit Worksheet (18B)</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDSENR1</td><td>senior tax credit for single filers who are age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDSENR2</td><td>senior tax credit for joint and head of household filers who are age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">1750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDSENRCT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the senior tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDSENRCT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the senior tax credit for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDPOVC</td><td>poverty income guidelines for household size one</td><td style="text-align:left">14580.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, Poverty Income Guidelines</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDPOVICR</td><td>increment to poverty income guidelines for each additional member</td><td style="text-align:left">5140.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, Poverty Income Guidelines</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDTXCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers </td><td style="text-align:left">0 1000 2000 3000 100000 125000 150000 250000 10000000</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 13, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDTXCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint and head of household filers </td><td style="text-align:left">0 1000 2000 3000 150000 175000 225000 300000 10000000</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 13, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDTXRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.0475 0.05 0.0525 0.055 0.0575</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 13, Tax Computation Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDCTCINC</td><td>maximum federal AGI to qualify for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 25, Refundable Child Tax Credit Worksheet (21C)</td></tr>
<tr><td>MDCTCAMT</td><td>child tax credit per qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 25, Refundable Child Tax Credit Worksheet (21C)</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-25">MD local</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left"><strong>Calculation of Population-Weighted Average Local Income Tax Rate in Maryland</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>County Name</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 County Resident Rate</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Population Count</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Weighted Average</strong></u></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Baltimore City</td><td>0.032</td><td>584548.0</td><td>18706</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Allegany County</td><td>0.0303</td><td>68161.0</td><td>2065</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Anne Arundel County</td><td>0.027</td><td>588109.0</td><td>15879</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Baltimore County</td><td>0.032</td><td>850737.0</td><td>27224</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Calvert County</td><td>0.03</td><td>93244.0</td><td>2797</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Caroline County</td><td>0.032</td><td>33320.0</td><td>1066</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Carroll County</td><td>0.0303</td><td>173225.0</td><td>5249</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Cecil County</td><td>0.028</td><td>103876.0</td><td>2909</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Charles County</td><td>0.0303</td><td>167035.0</td><td>5061</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Dorchester County</td><td>0.032</td><td>32557.0</td><td>1042</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Frederick County</td><td>0.0275</td><td>273829.0</td><td>7530</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Garrett County</td><td>0.0265</td><td>28856.0</td><td>765</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Harford County</td><td>0.0306</td><td>261059.0</td><td>7988</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Howard County</td><td>0.032</td><td>332011.0</td><td>10624</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Kent County</td><td>0.032</td><td>19289.0</td><td>617</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Montgomery County</td><td>0.032</td><td>1056910.0</td><td>33821</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Prince George&#039;s County</td><td>0.032</td><td>957189.0</td><td>30630</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Queen Anne&#039;s County</td><td>0.032</td><td>50316.0</td><td>1610</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>St. Mary&#039;s County</td><td>0.03</td><td>113814.0</td><td>3414</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Somerset County</td><td>0.032</td><td>24672.0</td><td>790</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Talbot County</td><td>0.024</td><td>37663.0</td><td>904</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Washington County</td><td>0.0295</td><td>154645.0</td><td>4562</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Wicomico County</td><td>0.032</td><td>103815.0</td><td>3322</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Worcester County</td><td>0.0225</td><td>52827.0</td><td>1189</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Mean</strong></em></td><td>0.02994</td><td></td><td>0.03080</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Median</strong></em></td><td>0.03045</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Minimum</strong></em></td><td>0.0225</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><em><strong>Maximum</strong></em></td><td>0.032</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left">Note: In tax year 2023, the tax rates for Anne Arundel and Frederick County vary by income. We use the tax rates for the lower range of income.</td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-26">MA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Massachusetts State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PEX1</td><td>personal exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEX2</td><td>personal exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEX3</td><td>personal exemption for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td></tr>
<tr><td>DEPEX</td><td>dependent exemption for each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGEEX</td><td>additional exemption for filers age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2C</td></tr>
<tr><td>BLNDEX</td><td>additional exemption for filers who are blind</td><td style="text-align:left">2200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2D</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAMAXFICA</td><td>maximum deduction for retirement contributions</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 11, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 16, Line 43</td></tr>
<tr><td>INTEXM1</td><td>amount of interest exempt for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 10, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>INTEXM2</td><td>amount of interest exempt for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 10, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>MATAXRAT1</td><td>income tax rate for most income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 12, Line 22</td></tr>
<tr><td>MATAXRAT2</td><td>income tax rate for capital gains and dividend income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.12</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 12, Line 23b</td></tr>
<tr><td>MATAXRAT3</td><td>additional income tax rate for income over a certain threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 28b</td></tr>
<tr><td>MATAXCUT3</td><td>threshold for surtax on taxable income over the threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">1000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 28b</td></tr>
<tr><td>NOTAX1</td><td>state AGI cutoff to qualify for no tax status for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 29 Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>NOTAX2</td><td>state AGI cutoff to qualify for no tax status for joint filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">16400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>NOTAX3</td><td>state AGI cutoff to qualify for no tax status for head of household filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">14400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>NOTXINCR</td><td>state AGI increment for each dependent to qualify for no tax status</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICINCR</td><td>state AGI increment for each dependent to qualify for the limited income credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICCUT11</td><td>minimum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 27 Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICCUT12</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">14000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 27 Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICCUT21</td><td>minimum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for joint filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">16400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICCUT22</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for joint filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">28700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICCUT41</td><td>minimum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for head of household filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">14400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>LICCUT42</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit for head of household filers with no dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">25200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income Instructions and Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>WSRAT</td><td>percentage used to calculate the limited income credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 29 Worksheet, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>MACFTC</td><td>credit amount per dependent for the child and family tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">310.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 17, Line 46</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAPOVMIN</td><td>200 percent of the federal poverty guidelines for family size one used for unemployment compensation exclusion for certain filers</td><td style="text-align:left">29160.0</td><td style="text-align:left">https://aspe.hhs.gov/topics/poverty-economic-mobility/poverty-guidelines/prior-hhs-poverty-guidelines-federal-register-references</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAPOVINCR</td><td>200 percent of the increment in the federal poverty guidelines for each additional person in the unit</td><td style="text-align:left">10280.0</td><td style="text-align:left">https://aspe.hhs.gov/topics/poverty-economic-mobility/poverty-guidelines/prior-hhs-poverty-guidelines-federal-register-references</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAINTPCT</td><td>assumption that 75 percent of interest income is from banks located outside of Massachusetts (25 percent located inside of the state)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td>Assumption in model</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-27">MI</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Michigan State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PERSEX1</td><td>personal exemption amount per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">5400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.10, Line 9a</td></tr>
<tr><td>BLNDEX</td><td>exemption amount per person who are blind, deaf, or totally and permanently disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">3100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.35, Form MI-1040, Line 9b</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEND1</td><td>pension deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">61518.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 60, Pension Schedule (Form 4884), line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEND2</td><td>pension deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">123036.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 60, Pension Schedule (Form 4884), line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENYEAR1</td><td>tier 1 pension recipients, birth year before</td><td style="text-align:left">1946.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 59, Pension Schedule (Form 4884)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENYEAR2</td><td>tier 2 pension recipients, birth year before</td><td style="text-align:left">1953.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 59, Pension Schedule (Form 4884)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENYEAR3</td><td>tier 3 pension recipients, birth year before</td><td style="text-align:left">1957.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 59, Pension Schedule (Form 4884)</td></tr>
<tr><td>TAXYEAR</td><td>current tax year</td><td style="text-align:left">2023.0</td><td style="text-align:left"></td></tr>
<tr><td>MISTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers born between PENYEAR1 and PENYEAR3 </td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.18, Worksheet 2: Tier 2 and Tier 3 Micihigan Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>MISTD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers born between PENYEAR1 and PENYEAR3</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.18, Worksheet 2: Tier 2 and Tier 3 Micihigan Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXDED1</td><td>interest, dividend, and capital gains deduction for single filers born before PENYEAR1</td><td style="text-align:left">13712.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.17, Dividend/Interest/Capital Gains Deduction for Taxpayers Born prior to 1946</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXDED2</td><td>interest, dividend, and capital gains deduction for joint filers born before PENYEAR1</td><td style="text-align:left">27424.0</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p.17, Dividend/Interest/Capital Gains Deduction for Taxpayers Born prior to 1946</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 2, New for 2023 and p. 11, Line 27</td></tr>
<tr><td>MITAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0405</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 2, New for 2023 and p. 3, General Information</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENPCT</td><td>percentage of military pension benefits used in calculation of retirement and pension benefits subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">MI-1040 Instructions, p. 25, Worksheet 3.3, Line 4</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-28">MN</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Minnesota State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
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<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>AGLN11</td><td>maximum subtraction for single and head of household filers who are age 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">9600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Line 1</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>AGLN12</td><td>maximum subtraction for joint filers who are age 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Line 1</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ELGAD1</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed for the subtraction for joint filers with both spouses who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">42000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ELGAD2</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed for the subtraction for joint filers with one spouse who is 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">38500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ELGAD3</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed for the subtraction for single and head of household filers who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">33700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ELGSS1</td><td>maximum nontaxable social security income allowed for the subtraction for joint filers with both spouses who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ELGSS2</td><td>maximum nontaxable social security income allowed for the subtraction for joint filers with one spouse who is 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>ELGSS3</td><td>maximum nontaxable social security income allowed for the subtraction for single and head of household filers who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">9600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>LIN101</td><td>amount to calculate subtraction for joint filers with both spouses who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">18000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions, Line 10</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>LIN102</td><td>amount to calculate subtraction for joint filers with one spouse who is 65 or older or disabled or single or head of household filers who are 65 or older or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">14500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Instructions, Line 10</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>LINE12</td><td>percentage to determine subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1R, Line 12</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD11</td><td>standard deduction for single filers, not 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">13825.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD12</td><td>standard deduction for single filers, 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">15675.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD13</td><td>standard deduction for single filers, 65 or older and blind</td><td style="text-align:left">17525.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD21</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, not 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">27650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD22</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, one 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">29100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD23</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, both 65 or older or blind, or one 65 or older and blind</td><td style="text-align:left">30550.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD24</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, one 65 or older or blind, and one 65 or older and blind</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD25</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers, both 65 or older and blind</td><td style="text-align:left">33450.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD31</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers, not 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD32</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">22650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD33</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 or older and blind</td><td style="text-align:left">24500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13,  Table for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNEXAMT</td><td>dependent exemptions amount oer dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">4800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNEXLIM1</td><td>federal AGI threshold for reduced dependent exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">220650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNEXLIM2</td><td>federal AGI threshold for reduced dependent exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">330950.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNEXLIM4</td><td>federal AGI threshold for reduced dependent exemption for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">275800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNEXMAX</td><td>maximum AGI threshohold for dependent exemption phaseout</td><td style="text-align:left">122500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5, Step 7</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNEXDIV</td><td>dependent exemption phaseout divider</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5, Step 7</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNEXPCT</td><td>dependent exemption phaseout percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">0.02</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet for Line 5, Step 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNMOOPPCT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA, Line 3</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNSALTLIM</td><td>maximum state and local tax deduction for itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA, Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNITMLIM</td><td>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are limited</td><td style="text-align:left">220650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA, Line 26</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNITMLIM2</td><td>federal AGI amount below and above which itemized deductions are limited differently</td><td style="text-align:left">1000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA, Worksheet A and B for Line 26</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNITMLIM3</td><td>federal AGI amount used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">304970.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 5 and Line 7</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNITMAMT</td><td>amount used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">84320.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNITMPCT1</td><td>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 10 and Worksheet B for Line 26, Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNITMPCT2</td><td>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 6</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNITMPCT3</td><td>third percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNSTDLIM1</td><td>federal AGI amount above which state standard deductions are limited</td><td style="text-align:left">220650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNSTDLIM2</td><td>federal AGI amount below and above which standard deductions are limited differently</td><td style="text-align:left">1000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A and B for Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNSTDLIM3</td><td>federal AGI amount used in the limitation of standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">304970.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4, Line 2 and 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNSTDAMT</td><td>amount used in the limitation of standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">84320.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4, Line 2</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNSTDPCT1</td><td>first percentage used in the limitation of standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4, Line 8 and Worksheet B for Line 4, Line 2</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNSTDPCT2</td><td>second percentage used in the limitation of standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4, Line 3</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNSTDPCT3</td><td>third percentage used in the limitation of standard deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14,  Worksheet A for Line 4, Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNCHRLIM</td><td>threshold above which charitable contributions are eligible for subtraction if filer is not claiming itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 11, Step 2</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNCHRPCT</td><td>percentage of qualified charitable contributions that can be subtracted if not claiming itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 11, Step 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCRED</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive full child and dependent care credit (without reduction)</td><td style="text-align:left">59210.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1CD Worksheet for Line 8, Step 2</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>CCINCPCT</td><td>percentage of federal AGI above the maximum to reduce child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1CD Worksheet for Line 8, Step 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCAMTMX</td><td>maximum child and dependent care credit for filers with federal AGI above the maximum</td><td style="text-align:left">600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1CD Worksheet for Line 8, Step 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MARJMIN</td><td>minimum joint taxable income required to claim marriage credit (need to check hard coding in the SAS program every year)</td><td style="text-align:left">44000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, &quot;Do I Qualify&quot; Section</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MAREMIN</td><td>minimum earned income of lesser-earning spouse required to claim marriage credit</td><td style="text-align:left">28000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, &quot;Do I Qualify&quot; Section</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MARCUT1</td><td>maximum income of lesser-earning spouse to use the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">114000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MARMIN</td><td>first joint taxable income cutoff to change columns in the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">64000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MARINC</td><td>taxable income bracket increments for each column in the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MARMAX</td><td>lower bound of the last column in marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">304000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MARMIN2</td><td>first income cutoff to change rows in the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">28000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MARINC2</td><td>income bracket increment for each row in the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCRED</td><td>maximum marriage credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1710.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA, Line 19</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MARCRD10</td><td>one-half of the standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13825.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA, Line 10</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>NUMCOL</td><td>number of columns in the marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">14.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNCAMT</td><td>array of marriage credit amounts from marriage credit table</td><td style="text-align:left">19 19 19 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 48 48 48 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 77 77 77 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 106 106 106 106 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 135 135 135 135 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 164 164 164 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 193 193 193 108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 222 222 222 158 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 192 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 101 235 235 235 213 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 234 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 235 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 235 235 235 235 66 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 217 235 235 235 129 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 188 235 235 235 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 159 235 235 235 171 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 192 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 101 235 235 235 213 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 234 24 18 18 18 0 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 235 45 39 39 39 0 0 0 0 0 14 235 235 235 235 66 60 60 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 87 81 81 81 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 108 102 102 102 0 0 0 0 0 0 217 235 235 235 129 123 123 123 13 0 0 0 0 0 188 235 235 235 150 144 144 144 74 0 0 0 0 0 159 235 235 235 171 165 165 165 135 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 192 186 186 186 186 0 0 0 0 0 101 235 235 235 213 207 207 207 207 0 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 234 228 228 228 228 0 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 235 249 249 249 249 0 0 0 0 0 14 235 235 235 235 270 270 270 270 40 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 291 291 291 291 101 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 312 312 312 312 162 0 0 0 0 0 217 235 235 235 333 333 333 333 223 0 0 0 0 0 188 235 235 235 354 354 354 354 284 0 0 0 0 0 159 235 235 235 375 375 375 375 345 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 396 396 396 396 396 6 0 0 0 0 101 235 235 235 417 417 417 417 417 67 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 438 438 438 438 438 128 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 438 459 459 459 459 189 0 0 0 0 9 230 230 230 434 475 475 475 475 246 26</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>CUTMN1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 30070 98760 183340 10000000</td><td>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate Schedules</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>CUTMN2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 43950 174610 304970 10000000</td><td>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate Schedules</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>CUTMN3</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 37010 148730 243720 10000000</td><td>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate Schedules</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>TRATMN</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0535 0.0680 0.0785 0.0985</td><td>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate Schedules</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNWFCTHRES</td><td>earned income threshold for credit amount for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">8750.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 3</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNWFCPCT</td><td>percentage of earned income allowed for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 4</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNWFC1KID</td><td>maximum credit for qualifying older children for one qualifying older child for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">925.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNWFC2KID</td><td>maximum credit for qualifying older children for two qualifying older children for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2100.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNWFC3KID</td><td>maximum credit for qualifying older children for three qualifying older children for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNWFCAMT</td><td>maximum credit amount for each qualifying child for the child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1750.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNWFCCUT1</td><td>income (greater of federal AGI and earned income) threshold above which the child and working family credit is phased out for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">29500.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 11</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNWFCCUT2</td><td>income (greater of federal AGI and earned income) threshold above which the child and working family credit is phased out for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">35000.0</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 11</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNWFCPHASEOUT1</td><td>phaseout percentage for filers who receive the credit for qualifying older children and do not receive any other child and working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.09</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 13</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNWFCPHASEOUT2</td><td>phaseout percentage for filers who receive the child and working family credit (with or without the credit for qualifying older children)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.12</td><td>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 13</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNRETAMT1</td><td>maximum qualified retirement benefits subtraction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12500.0</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 2</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNRETAMT2</td><td>maximum qualified retirement benefits subtraction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 2</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNRETCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive full qualified retirement benefits subtraction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">78000.0</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNRETCUT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive full qualified retirement benefits subtraction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 5</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNRETCALC</td><td>amount used in phase out of qualified retirement benefits subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 7</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>MNRETPCT</td><td>percentage used in phase out of qualified retirement benefits subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 8</td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-29">MS</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Mississippi State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th style="text-align:left"></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>EXD1</td><td>exemption amount per return for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXD2</td><td>exemption amount per return for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXD4</td><td>exemption amount per return for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEREXAMT</td><td>exemption amount for each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 7, Additional Exemptions Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>XTRAAGD</td><td>additional exemption amount for head and/or spouse aged 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 7, Additional Exemptions Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>XTRABLND</td><td>additional exemption amount for head and/or spouse who are blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 7, Additional Exemptions Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>MSMOOPPCT</td><td>percentage of federal AGI above which medical and dental expenses are deductible</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 80-108, line 2b</td></tr>
<tr><td>MSSEDED</td><td>percentage of self-employment tax that is deductible from income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Line 61</td></tr>
<tr><td>MSCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 27, Schedule of Tax Computation</td></tr>
<tr><td>MSTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 27, Schedule of Tax Computation</td></tr>
<tr><td>MSCCRATE</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowable as state dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 20</td></tr>
<tr><td>MSCCLIM</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Instructions, p. 20</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-30">MO</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Missouri State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>EXPD3</td><td>personal exemption amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Instructions, p. 8, Line 15</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOSTD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOSTD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOSTD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOAGED1</td><td>extra standard deduction for blind/aged for single and head of household filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from one box checked)</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOAGED2</td><td>extra standard deduction for blind/aged for joint filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from one box checked)</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXFEDD1</td><td>maximum federal income tax deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040, Line 13</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXFEDD2</td><td>maximum federal income tax deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040, Line 13</td></tr>
<tr><td>PUBPEN1</td><td>income limit for public pension exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">85000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr>
<tr><td>PUBPEN2</td><td>income limit for public pension exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr>
<tr><td>PRIVPEN1</td><td>income limit for private pension exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr>
<tr><td>PRIVPEN2</td><td>income limit for private pension exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPBPEN</td><td>maximum public pension exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">44683.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPVPEN</td><td>maximum private pension exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 1207 2414 3621 4828 6035 7242 8449 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.0495</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOFEDCUT</td><td>state AGI brackets for federal income tax deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">25000 50000 100000 125000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOFEDPCT</td><td>state AGI percentages for federal income tax deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.35 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOEICRATE</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed for working family credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Instructions, Form MO-WFTC, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOMAXINVST</td><td>maximum investment income to be eligible for working family tax credit </td><td style="text-align:left">4050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1040 Instructions, Form MO-WFTC, Line 3</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-31">MT</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Montana State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>STDED1</td><td>maximum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5540.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDED2</td><td>maximum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">11080.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDED3</td><td>minimum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2460.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDED4</td><td>minimum standard deduction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4920.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>PCTSTD</td><td>percentage of state AGI that sets maximum standard deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEND</td><td>maximum pension exclusion amount per recipient</td><td style="text-align:left">5060.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption Worksheet, Line 1a and 1b</td></tr>
<tr><td>MXPNAGI1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for pension exclusion if only head or spouse has a pension</td><td style="text-align:left">44670.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption Worksheet (calculated)</td></tr>
<tr><td>MXPNAGI2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for pension exclusion if both head and spouse have pensions</td><td style="text-align:left">47200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption Worksheet (calculated)</td></tr>
<tr><td>MXPNAGI3</td><td>maximum federal AGI for full pension exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">42140.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption Worksheet, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXDISPY</td><td>maximum yearly disability income exclusion amount (weekly amount multiplied by 52 weeks)</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 27, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line 32</td></tr>
<tr><td>DISAGICT</td><td>income amount to start disability exclusion amount reduction</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 27, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line 32</td></tr>
<tr><td>MXINTEX1</td><td>maximum interest exclusion for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 21, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>MXINTEX2</td><td>maximum interest exclusion for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 21, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>MTEXEAMT</td><td>deduction amount per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">2960.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 11, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>MTMAXFTAX1</td><td>maximum federal income tax allowed as itemized deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2 Booklet, p. 30, Itemized Deduction Schedule - Taxes, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>MTMAXFTAX2</td><td>maximum federal income tax allowed as itemized deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana Form 2 Booklet, p. 30, Itemized Deduction Schedule - Taxes, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCAGI1</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the child and dependent care expense credit for filers with one child</td><td style="text-align:left">22800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 31, Itemized Deductions Schedule, Line 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCAGI2</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the child and dependent care expense credit for filers with two children</td><td style="text-align:left">25200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 31, Itemized Deductions Schedule, Line 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCAGI3</td><td>maximum state AGI to qualify for the child and dependent care expense credit for filers with three children or more</td><td style="text-align:left">27600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 31, Itemized Deductions Schedule, Line 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCLIM1</td><td>maximum child and dependent care expense deduction for filers with one child</td><td style="text-align:left">2400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441-M, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCLIM2</td><td>maximum child and dependent care expense deduction for filers with two children</td><td style="text-align:left">3600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441-M, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCLIM3</td><td>maximum child and dependent care expense deduction for filers with three children or more</td><td style="text-align:left">4800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441-M, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCAGI</td><td>state AGI above which the child and dependent care expense deduction is reduced</td><td style="text-align:left">18000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441-M, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCRATE</td><td>percentage used in child and dependent care expense deduction reduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441-M, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage allowed of federal earned income tax credit for state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Montana 2 Booklet, p. 12, Line 23b</td></tr>
<tr><td>MTTCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 3600 6300 9700 13000 16800 21600 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Rates, Rate Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>MTTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.0675</td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax Rates, Rate Table</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-32">NE</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Nebraska State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>NESTD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">7900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>NESTD2</td><td>standard deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>NESTD4</td><td>standard deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">11600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>NEAGDED1</td><td>extra standard deduction amount for blind or aged for single and head of household filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from one box checked)</td><td style="text-align:left">1850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>NEAGDED2</td><td>extra standard deduction amount for blind or aged for joint filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from one box checked)</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>NESSCUT1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for Social Security income deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">49310.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Schedule I Instructions, Part B Line 28</td></tr>
<tr><td>NESSCUT2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for Social Security income deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">66510.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Schedule I Instructions, Part B Line 28</td></tr>
<tr><td>NESSPCT</td><td>Social Security income reduction percentage if over federal AGI limit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.6</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Schedule I Line 28</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXAMT</td><td>personal exemption credit amount per exemption for all resident filers</td><td style="text-align:left">157.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 10, Line 18</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCAGI</td><td>minimum federal AGI to claim nonrefundable child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">29000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 10, Line 23</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCRATE</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowable for nonrefundable child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 10, Line 23</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCUT1</td><td>first federal AGI threshold in child and dependent care expense credit schedule</td><td style="text-align:left">22000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441N, Line 9 </td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCSTEP</td><td>federal AGI increments for child and dependent care expense credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441N, Line 9 </td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable for state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 12, Line 35</td></tr>
<tr><td>NECCPCT</td><td>percentages for child and dependent care expense credit from credit schedule</td><td style="text-align:left">0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 2441N, Line 9 </td></tr>
<tr><td>NETCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 3700 22170 35730 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td></tr>
<tr><td>NETCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 7390 44350 71460 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td></tr>
<tr><td>NETCUT3</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 6900 35480 52980 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td></tr>
<tr><td>NETRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0246 0.0351 0.0501 0.0664</td><td style="text-align:left">Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td></tr>
<tr><td>NEMILMAX</td><td>maximum military retirement income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Line 29 (military pensions are fully deductible)</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-33">NH</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>New Hampshire State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PEAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount per exemption (for head and/or spouse blind and head and/or spouse age 65 or older or disabled)</td><td style="text-align:left">1200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DP-10, p. 3, Step 3 Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>GENEX1</td><td>income exemption amount for single and head of household filers </td><td style="text-align:left">2400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DP-10, p. 3, Step 3 Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>GENEX2</td><td>income exemption amount for joint filers </td><td style="text-align:left">4800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DP-10, p. 3, Step 3 Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>NHTAXRAT</td><td>interest and dividend tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td style="text-align:left">Form DP-10, p. 4, Step 4 Line 10</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-34">NJ</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>New Jersey State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PENEX1</td><td>maximum pension/retirement exclusion for single or head of household filers (with total income below PENCUT1)</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENEX2</td><td>maximum pension/retirement exclusion for joint filers (with total income below PENCUT1)</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENCUT1</td><td>first total income threshold for pension/retirement exclusion eligibility</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENCUT2</td><td>second total income threshold for pension/retirement exclusion eligibility</td><td style="text-align:left">125000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENCUT3</td><td>maximum total income threshold for pension/retirement exclusion eligibility</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENPCT11</td><td>pension exclusion percentage for single and head of household filers at second total income threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.375</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENPCT12</td><td>pension exclusion percentage for single and head of household filers at maximum total income threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1875</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENPCT21</td><td>pension exclusion percentage for joint filers at second total income threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENPCT22</td><td>pension exclusion percentage for joint filers at maximum total income threshold</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td></tr>
<tr><td>RETXCUT</td><td>maximum wage, self-employment, and investment income to claim other retirement income exclusion for filers 62 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 21, Worksheet D, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEREX1</td><td>personal exemption amount for regular exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form NJ-1040, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEREX2</td><td>personal exemption amount for dependent exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form NJ-1040, Lines 10 - 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJVETEX</td><td>personal exemption amount for veterans</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form NJ-1040, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJMOOPRAT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of gross income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.02</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 23, Line 31</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable for state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 42, Line 58</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXAGIE</td><td>maximum income for earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 42, Line 58 (placeholder as of tax year 2023)</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJCCLIM</td><td>maximum taxable income for child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 43, Worksheet J, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJCCCUT</td><td>taxable income brackets for the child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30000 60000 90000 120000 150000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 43, Worksheet J, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJCCRAT</td><td>rates for the child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 43, Worksheet J, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20000 35000 40000 75000 500000 1000000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 20000 50000 70000 80000 150000 500000 1000000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJTRAT1</td><td>income tax rates for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.014 0.0175 0.035 0.05525 0.0637 0.0897 0.1075</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJTRAT2</td><td>income tax rates for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.014 0.0175 0.0245 0.035 0.05525 0.0637 0.0897 0.1075</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJCTCCUT</td><td>taxable income thresholds for the calculation of the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30000 40000 50000 60000 80000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 44, Line 65</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJCTCAMT</td><td>credit amount per dependent age 5 and under for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 800 600 400 200 0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 44, Line 65</td></tr>
<tr><td>NJCTCLIM</td><td>maximum taxable income to be eligible for the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">80000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 44, Line 65</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-35">NM</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>New Mexico Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>LMEXCUT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for low- and middle-income tax exemption eligibility for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">36667.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>LMEXCUT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for low- and middle-income tax exemption eligibility for joint or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">55000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>LMEXDED1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive full low- and middle-income tax exemption for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>LMEXDED2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to receive full low- and middle-income tax exemption for joint or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>LMEXRAT1</td><td>percentage used to calculate low- and middle-income tax exemption reduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>LMEXRAT2</td><td>percentage used to calculate low- and middle-income tax exemption reduction for joint or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>LMEXSUB</td><td>maximum low- and middle-income tax exemption for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption Worksheet Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>OV65MAX1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for exemption for filers age 65 and older or blind for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">28500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>OV65MAX2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for exemption for filers age 65 and older or blind for joint or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">51000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>OV65CUT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for exemption for filers age 65 and older or blind for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18000 19500 21000 22500 24000 25500 27000 28500</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>OV65CUT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for exemption for filers age 65 and older or blind for joint or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000 33000 36000 39000 42000 45000 48000 51000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>OV65AMT</td><td>exemption amount for filers age 65 and older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>DEPDEDAMT</td><td>deduction for certain dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">4000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 24, Line 13</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMCAPGLIM</td><td>maximum net capital gains allowed for deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 6, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMCAPGPCT</td><td>percentage of net capital gains allowed for deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 6, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>MEDEXCUT</td><td>minimum amount of unreimbursed medical care expenses to qualify for the additional exemption and tax credit for filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">28000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Additional Exemption and Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>MEDEXAMT</td><td>medical care expense exemption for filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Additional Exemption and Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>MEDCRAMT</td><td>credit for medical care expenses for filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">2800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Additional Exemption and Tax Credit</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOOPDEDCUT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for the medical care expense deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000 35000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOOPDEDCUT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for the medical care expense deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000 70000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOOPDEDCUT4</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for medical care expense deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20000 50000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td></tr>
<tr><td>MOOPDEDRAT</td><td>percentage of medical care expenses that are deductible for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25 0.15 0.10</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXLOW</td><td>maximum modified gross income allowed to claim low income comprehensive tax rebate</td><td style="text-align:left">36000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-RC Instructions, p. 5, Section 2 Line 14</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMLOWCUT</td><td>modified gross income cutoffs to determine low income comprehensive tax rebate</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 1500 2500 7500 8000 9000 10000 11500 13000 14500 16500 18000 19500 21000 23000 24500 26000 27500 29500 31000 32500 34000 36000</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-RC Instructions, p. 5, Section 2 Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>LOWREB</td><td>low income comprehensive tax rebate by number of exemptions and modified gross income cutoffs</td><td style="text-align:left">211 281 352 422 492 563 238 341 438 546 617 730 238 341 438 546 617 763 238 341 438 546 617 790 222 335 422 536 622 790 200 308 406 519 622 757 184 271 368 460 552 720 157 227 298 390 481 649 141 200 254 319 395 519 124 184 238 298 341 422 114 168 200 254 308 362 108 141 179 227 271 325 97 124 157 195 238 281 87 114 151 179 200 249 87 114 151 179 200 249 81 108 130 157 184 211 70 97 124 151 168 195 60 87 114 141 151 184 54 81 108 124 141 168 43 60 87 108 124 141 38 54 70 87 108 114 27 43 54 70 87 97 16 38 43 60 70 81</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-RC Instructions, p. 5, Section 2 Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCINC</td><td>maximum modified gross income allowed to claim child day care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30160.0</td><td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 7, Section 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCRATE</td><td>percentage of day care expenses claimable as the child day care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4</td><td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 12, Section 5 Child Day Care Credit Worksheet Column F</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCPER</td><td>maximum child day care credit for each child</td><td style="text-align:left">480.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-RC Instructions, p. 12, Section 5 Child Day Care Credit Worksheet Column G</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXSTCCC</td><td>maximum child day care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-RC Instructions, p. 12, Section 5 Child Day Care Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMEITPER</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">PIT-1 Instructions, p. 31, Line 25 and 25A</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 5500 11000 16000 210000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Personal Income Tax Rates from website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/all-nm-taxes/current-historic-tax-rates-overview/personal-income-tax-rates/)</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 8000 16000 24000 315000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Personal Income Tax Rates from website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/all-nm-taxes/current-historic-tax-rates-overview/personal-income-tax-rates/)</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.017 0.032 0.047 0.049 0.059</td><td style="text-align:left">Personal Income Tax Rates from website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/all-nm-taxes/current-historic-tax-rates-overview/personal-income-tax-rates/)</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMREB1AMT1</td><td>first tax refund for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td>NM State Tax Website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/rebates/)</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMREB1AMT2</td><td>first tax refund for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td>NM State Tax Website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/rebates/)</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMCTCCUT</td><td>federal AGI thresholds for the child income tax credit</td><td>25000 50000 75000 1000000 2000000 3500000 10000000</td><td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 11, Table 4 (2023 Child Income Tax Credit Income Table)</td></tr>
<tr><td>NMCTCAMT</td><td>child income tax credit for each qualifying child by federal AGI</td><td>600 400 200 100 75 50 25</td><td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 11, Table 4 (2023 Child Income Tax Credit Income Table)</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-36">NY</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>New York State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPENEX</td><td>maximum combined pension and disability income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 12-13, Line 29</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPENT</td><td>maximum pension income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 12, Line 29</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXDISPY</td><td>maximum yearly disability income exclusion (weekly amount multiplied by 52 weeks)</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-221 Instructions, Line 4 Limit on exclusion</td></tr>
<tr><td>DISAGICT</td><td>federal AGI at which disability income exclusion reduction begins</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-221 Instructions, Line 4 Limit on exclusion</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDED1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 14-15, Line 34</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDED2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 14-15, Line 34</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDED4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">11200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 14-15, Line 34</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYMOOPPCT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYITMLIM</td><td>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are limited</td><td style="text-align:left">187900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196, Line 39</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYITMLIM1</td><td>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are limited for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">313200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYITMLIM2</td><td>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are limited for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">375850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYITMLIM4</td><td>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are limited for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">344500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYITMPCT1</td><td>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYITMPCT2</td><td>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>TOPAGI</td><td>maximum state AGI to use state tax table to determine tax liability</td><td style="text-align:left">107650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 39</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXL5</td><td>addition to TOPAGI to generate the maximum allowable state AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 46, Tax Computation - New York AGI of more than $107,650</td></tr>
<tr><td>EMPNUM</td><td>amount for each qualifying child to determine the empire state child credit</td><td style="text-align:left">100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213, Line 13</td></tr>
<tr><td>EMPCUT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for single and head of household filers for the empire state child credit</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>EMPCUT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for joint filers for the empire state child credit</td><td style="text-align:left">110000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>EMPL13</td><td>percentage to determine the empire state child credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.33</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>EMPWSAL1</td><td>amount for each child who qualifies for the federal child tax credit to calculate the empire state child credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet A, Line 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>EMPWSAL5</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the empire state child credit (percentage used on the federal AGI above cutoff)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet A, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>EMPWSCL5</td><td>amount used in the calculation of the empire state child credit (threshold used for earned income)</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet B, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>EMPWSCL6</td><td>percentage used in the calculation of the empire state child credit (percentage used on earned income above the threshold in EMPWSCL5)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet B, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCPCT1</td><td>percentage applied to federal child care credit if state AGI is below CCCMIN for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCPCT2</td><td>percentage applied to federal child care credit if state AGI is above CCCMAX2 for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCPCT3</td><td>percentage applied to federal child care credit if state AGI is above CCCMAX1 and below CCCMAX2 for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.6</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCMIN</td><td>minimum state AGI to use percentage table lookup for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>MIDBRKL</td><td>minimum state AGI to claim 100 percent of the federal credit as a state child and dependent care credit </td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>MIDBRKU</td><td>maximum income to claim 100 percent of the federal credit as a state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCMAX1</td><td>maximum state AGI to use income increment (CCCINCR) for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">65000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, Limitation Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCMAX2</td><td>maximum state AGI to use percentage table lookup for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, Limitation Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCINCR</td><td>state AGI increment to change percentage of federal child care credit claimed for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, Limitation Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXHH1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim the state household income credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">28000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 40</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXHH2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim the state household credit for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXNYCUT</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim the NYC household credit for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">22500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXNYC1</td><td>first federal AGI cutoff to determine the NYC household credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXNYC2</td><td>second federal AGI cutoff to determine the NYC household credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCHHCR1</td><td>first credit amount for the NYC household credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCHHCR2</td><td>second credit amount for the NYC household credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr>
<tr><td>PERSEXM</td><td>exemption for dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 36</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRATE</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit allowable as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-215, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCHCRE11</td><td>NYC school tax credit for single filers with federal AGI over $250,000</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCHCRE12</td><td>NYC school tax credit for head of household and joint filers with federal AGI over $250,000</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCHCRE21</td><td>NYC school tax credit for single filers and head of household filers with federal AGI less than $250,000</td><td style="text-align:left">63.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCHCRE22</td><td>NYC school tax credit for joint filers with federal AGI less than $250,000</td><td style="text-align:left">125.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCUT11</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 8500 11700 13900 80650 215400 1077550 5000000 25000000 100000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 45, State Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCUT12</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 17150 23600 27900 161550 323200 2155350 5000000 25000000 100000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 45, State Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCUT13</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 12800 17650 20900 107650 269300 1616450 5000000 25000000 100000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 46, State Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.04 0.045 0.0525 0.055 0.06 0.0685 0.0965 0.103 0.109</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 45-46, State Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCCUT11</td><td>NYC income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 12000 25000 50000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCCUT12</td><td>NYC income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 21600 45000 90000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCCUT13</td><td>NYC income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 14400 30000 60000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCTRAT</td><td>NYC income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.03078 0.03762 0.03819 0.03876</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCUTH1</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs to determine the household credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000 6000 7000 20000 25000 28000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 40</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCUTH2</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs to determine the household credit for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5000 6000 7000 20000 22000 25000 28000 32000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHCRED1</td><td>household credit by federal AGI for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75 60 50 45 40 20</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 40</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHCRED2</td><td>household credit by federal AGI for head of household and joint filers with one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">90 75 65 60 60 50 40 20</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHCR2IN</td><td>increments to increase household credit by federal AGI for head of household or joint filers for each additional dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">15 15 15 15 10 10 5 5</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCCC</td><td>percentage of federal child care credit claimed as a state child and dependent care credit by state AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">1.100 1.099 1.098 1.097 1.095 1.094 1.093 1.091 1.090 1.089 1.087 1.086 1.085 1.083 1.082 1.081 1.079 1.078 1.077 1.075 1.074 1.073 1.071 1.070 1.069 1.067 1.066 1.065 1.063 1.062 1.061 1.059 1.058 1.057 1.055 1.054 1.053 1.051 1.050 1.049 1.047 1.046 1.045 1.043 1.042 1.041 1.039 1.038 1.037 1.035 1.034 1.033 1.031 1.030 1.029 1.027 1.026 1.025 1.023 1.022 1.021 1.019 1.018 1.017 1.015 1.014 1.013 1.011 1.010 1.009 1.007 1.006 1.005 1.003 1.002 1.001 1.00 1.162 1.150 1.137 1.125 1.112 1.099 1.088 1.075 1.062 1.050 1.037 1.025 1.013 1.000 0.987 0.975 0.963 0.950 0.938 0.925 0.912 0.901 0.888 0.875 0.863 0.927 0.913 0.900 0.886 0.872 0.859 0.845 0.831 0.819 0.805 0.791 0.778 0.764 0.750 0.737 0.723 0.709 0.696 0.682 0.668 0.656 0.642 0.628 0.615 0.601 1.070 1.047 1.022 0.996 0.973 0.947 0.922 0.899 0.873 0.848 0.824 0.799 0.773 0.750 0.724 0.699 0.676 0.650 0.625 0.601 0.576 0.550 0.527 0.502 0.476 0.600 0.200</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCITYCCC</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs for the NYC child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">25000 25200 25400 25600 25800 26000 26200 26400 26600 26800 27000 27200 27400 27600 27800 28000 28200 28400 28600 28800 29000 29200 29400 29600 29800 30000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, NYC child and dependent care credit limitation table (Not currently used in code)</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCITYCCCRAT</td><td>percentage of the state child and dependent care credit claimable as a NYC child and dependent care credit by federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.750 0.735 0.705 0.675 0.645 0.615 0.585 0.555 0.525 0.495 0.465 0.435 0.405 0.375 0.345 0.315 0.285 0.255 0.225 0.195 0.165 0.135 0.105 0.075 0.045 0.015 0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, NYC child and dependent care credit limitation table (Not currently used in code)</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCCUTH2</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs to determine NYC household credit for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000 17500 20000 22500</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCCRED2</td><td>NYC household credit by federal AGI for head of household and joint filers with one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">30 25 15 10</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCHCR2IN</td><td>increment to increase NYC household credit by federal AGI for head of household and joint filers for each additional dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">30 25 15 10</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td></tr>
<tr><td>FEDCCCRED</td><td>maximum qualified expenses by the number of qualifying dependents for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">3000 6000 7500 8500 9000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-216, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>FEDCCCUT</td><td>federal AGI cutoffs to determine percentage for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000 27000 29000 31000 33000 35000 37000 39000 41000 43000 10000000</td><td>Form 216 Instructions, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>FEDCCPCT</td><td>percentage by federal AGI for the state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20</td><td>Form 216 Instructions, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM11</td><td>first bracket tax computation for high earner single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 48, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM12</td><td>second bracket tax computation for high earner single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">568.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 49, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 8, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM13</td><td>third bracket tax computation for high earner single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2399.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 49, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 9, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM14</td><td>fourth bracket tax computation for high earner single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">32571.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 49, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 10, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM21</td><td>first bracket tax computation for high earner joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 46, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM22</td><td>second bracket tax computation for high earner joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">333.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 47, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 2, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM23</td><td>third bracket tax computation for high earner joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1140.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 47, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 3, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM24</td><td>fourth bracket tax computation for high earner joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3887.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 47, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 4, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM25</td><td>fifth bracket tax computation for high earner joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">64237.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 48, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 5, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM41</td><td>first bracket tax computation for high earner head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 50, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM42</td><td>second bracket tax computation for high earner head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">787.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 50, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 13, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM43</td><td>third bracket tax computation for high earner head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">3076.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 51, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 14, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYHIEARNLIM44</td><td>fourth bracket tax computation for high earner head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">48337.0</td><td>Form 201 Instructions, p. 51, Tax computation, AGI more than $107,650, Worksheet 15, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCEICRT</td><td>percentages for the NYC earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.30 0.30 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.10</td><td>Form IT-215 Instructions, p. 4, NYC EIC Rate Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCEICAG</td><td>state AGI cutoffs for the NYC earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">5000 7500 15000 17500 20000 22500 40000 42500 10000000</td><td>Form IT-215 Instructions, p. 4, NYC EIC Rate Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>NYCEICPT</td><td>percentage for the NYC earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">2.0E-5</td><td>Form IT-215 Instructions, p. 3, NYC EIC Rate Worksheet</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-37">NC</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>North Carolina State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-400 Schedule A, Standard Deduction Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-400 Schedule A, Standard Deduction Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD3</td><td>standard deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">19125.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-400 Schedule A, Standard Deduction Chart</td></tr>
<tr><td>NCRLINMX</td><td>maximum deduction of interest and real estate taxes</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-400 Schedule A, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDCRD1</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: higher child credit amount. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: highest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDCRD2</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: lower child credit amount. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: second highest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDCRD3</td><td>third highest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDCRD4</td><td>fourth highest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">1500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDCRD5</td><td>fifth highest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDCRD6</td><td>lowest child deduction amount</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC11</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim higher child credit amount for single filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim highest child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC12</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim child credit for single filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim second highest child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC13</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim third highest child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC14</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fourth highest child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC15</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fifth highest child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC16</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim child deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">70000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC21</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim higher child credit amount for joint filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim highest child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC22</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim child credit for joint filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim second highest child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC23</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim third highest child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">80000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC24</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fourth highest child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC25</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fifth highest child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">120000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC26</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim child deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">140000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC41</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim higher child credit amount for head of household filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim higher child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC42</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum income to claim child credit for head of household filers. <strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: maximum federal AGI to claim second highest child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">45000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC43</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim third highest child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC44</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fourth highest child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC45</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim fifth highest child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">90000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHLDC46</td><td>maximum federal AGI to claim child deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">105000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>NCTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0475</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-401 Instructions p. 14, Line 15 Tax Rate</td></tr>
<tr><td>NCMOOPRAT</td><td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.075</td><td style="text-align:left">Form D-400 Schedule A, Line 7c</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-38">ND</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>North Dakota State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>NDTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 44725 225975 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>NDTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 74750 275100 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>NDTCUT4</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 59950 250550 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>NDTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.0195 0.0250</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>NDMCRMN1</td><td>minimum combined taxable income for joint filers to claim marriage penalty credit</td><td style="text-align:left">74862.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit Worksheet Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>NDMCRMN2</td><td>minimum individual qualified income of lower income spouse to claim marriage penalty credit</td><td style="text-align:left">43980.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit Worksheet Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>NDMCRLN5</td><td>amount used in the calculation of the marriage penalty credit</td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit Worksheet Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>NDMCRMAX</td><td>maximum marriage penalty credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">287.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Booklet p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit Worksheet Line 13</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-39">OH</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Ohio State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">OHBUSMAX</td><td style="text-align:left">maximum business income deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">250000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule IT BUS, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">OHBUSRAT</td><td style="text-align:left">business income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule IT BUS, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEAMT1</td><td>first personal exemption amount for filers with modified AGI at or below PECUT1</td><td style="text-align:left">2400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEAMT2</td><td>second personal exemption amount for filers with modified AGI above PECUT1 and at or below PECUT2</td><td style="text-align:left">2150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEAMT3</td><td>third personal exemption amount for filers with modified AGI above PECUT2</td><td style="text-align:left">1900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>PECUT1</td><td>first threshold to determine personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>PECUT2</td><td>second threshold to determine personal exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">80000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>CREDELD</td><td>senior citizen credit per return</td><td style="text-align:left">50.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>ELDCUT</td><td>maximum modified AGI for senior citizen credit</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 27, Schedule of Credits, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCRRET</td><td>retirement income credit amount per return</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 27, Schedule of Credits, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>EXCRDAMT</td><td>exemption credit amount per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">20.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXIEXE</td><td>maximum modified AGI (less exemptions) to claim exemption credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXICCC</td><td>maximum modified AGI to claim child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">40000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCUT1</td><td>maximum modified AGI to claim 100 percent of the federal child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 44, Child and Dependent Care Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCPCT1</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit allowable for filers with modified AGI equal to or greater than CCCUT1 (and less than MAXICCC)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 44, Child and Dependent Care Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>JFMININC</td><td>minimum income for each spouse to claim joint filing credit</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>JFCMAX</td><td>maximum joint filing credit amount per return</td><td style="text-align:left">650.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>OHEITC</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.3</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line 13</td></tr>
<tr><td>JFILCRC</td><td>modified AGI (less exemptions) thresholds for joint filing credit</td><td style="text-align:left">25000 50000 75000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>JFILPCT</td><td>percentage of tax liability to compute joint filing credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>RETCUT</td><td>retirement income thresholds to determine retirement income credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">500 1500 3000 5000 8000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 43, Table 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>RETCAMT</td><td>retirement income credit amounts</td><td style="text-align:left">0 25 50 80 130 200</td><td style="text-align:left">IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 43, Table 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>OHTXCUT</td><td>income tax brackets for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 26050 100000 115300 10000000</td><td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 46, Income Tax Brackets</td></tr>
<tr><td>OHTXRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.02750 0.03688 0.03750</td><td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 46, Income Tax Brackets</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-40">OK</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Oklahoma State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEN</td><td>maximum public pension exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 17, Schedule 511-A, Line A5</td></tr>
<tr><td>MILPCT</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2022</strong>: military retirement income exclusion is the greater of this percentage of the unit&#039;s military retirement benefits and the amount in MILMIN, not to exceed the amount included in federal AGI. <strong>Tax year 2022 and after</strong>: percentage of military retirement benefits allowable for exclusion, not to exceed the amount included in federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 17, Schedule 511-A Line A4 (may exclude 100% of retirement benefits)</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCCUT</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the child care credit or the child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 11, Line 15</td></tr>
<tr><td>CTCPCT</td><td>percentage of the federal child tax credit that can be claimed</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 11, Line 15</td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCPCT</td><td>percentage of the federal child care credit that can be claimed</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 11, Line 15</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXMILX</td><td>amount of military pay that can be excluded</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 21, Schedule 511-C Line C1 (military pay is fully excluded)</td></tr>
<tr><td>SPECX1</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for a special additional exemption for single filers who are 65 years or older</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 9, Section F</td></tr>
<tr><td>SPECX2</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for a special additional exemption for joint filers who are 65 years or older</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 9, Section F</td></tr>
<tr><td>SPECX3</td><td>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for a special additional exemption for head of household filers who are 65 years or older</td><td style="text-align:left">19000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 9, Section F</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">6350.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 10, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 10, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">9350.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 10, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>OKITMLIM</td><td>limit on state itemized deductions (charitable contributions and medical expenses are not subject to this limit)</td><td style="text-align:left">17000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 511-D, Line 7 or 511 Packet p. 10, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>PERXAMT</td><td>amount per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 511, Line 11 or 511 Packet, p. 10, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit that can be claimed</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 511-G, Line 2 or 511 Packet, p. 15, Line 28</td></tr>
<tr><td>OKSLIM1</td><td>first total household income limit for the sales tax relief/credit</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 52, Form 538-S Instructions, Step 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>OKSLIM2</td><td>second total household income limit for the sales tax relief/credit (eligible for credit if income is between first and second limit and a dependent exemption, age 65 or older, or a disability)</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 52, Form 538-S Instructions, Step 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>OKSALAMT</td><td>sales tax relief/credit amount per exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">40.0</td><td style="text-align:left">511 Packet, p. 51, Form 538-S, Line 15</td></tr>
<tr><td>OKTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 1000 2500 3750 4900 7200 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">General Information / Oklahoma Tax Rates (on website)</td></tr>
<tr><td>OKTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 2000 5000 7500 9800 12200 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">General Information / Oklahoma Tax Rates (on website)</td></tr>
<tr><td>OKTRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0025 0.0075 0.0175 0.0275 0.0375 0.0475</td><td style="text-align:left">General Information / Oklahoma Tax Rates (on website)</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-41">OR</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Oregon State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXAMT1</td><td>personal exemption amount for each qualifying exemption below limit</td><td style="text-align:left">236.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXAMT2</td><td>personal exemption amount for each qualifying exemption above cutoff</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXCUT11</td><td>federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXCUT21</td><td>federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXCUT41</td><td>federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2605.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 146, Miscellaneous Oregon income tax information, Standard deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">5210.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 146, Miscellaneous Oregon income tax information, Standard deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">4195.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 146, Miscellaneous Oregon income tax information, Standard deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDADD1</td><td>additional standard deduction for single and head of household filers age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">1200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 97, Standard deduction - Age 65 or older, blind</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDADD2</td><td>additional standard deduction for joint filers age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 97, Standard deduction - Age 65 or older, blind</td></tr>
<tr><td>RETCC1</td><td>maximum household income to claim retirement income credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">22500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td></tr>
<tr><td>RETCC2</td><td>maximum household income to claim retirement income credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">45000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXSS1</td><td>maximum social security benefits to claim retirement income credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">7500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXSS2</td><td>maximum social security benefits to claim retirement income credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td></tr>
<tr><td>HHBASE1</td><td>household income base to determine retirement income credit for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 110, Credit Code 811, Step 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>HHBASE2</td><td>household income base to determine retirement income credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 110, Credit Code 811, Step 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>FEDRPCT</td><td>percentage of federal pension deductible from state income (assuming retirement at 65 in 12/2023 and a 45 year career using worksheet)</td><td style="text-align:left">0.285</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 75, Subtraction Code 307</td></tr>
<tr><td>PCTRETD</td><td>percentage used to calculate retirement income credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.09</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 110, Credit Code 811, Step 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>MILEX</td><td>maximum other military income subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">6000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 21, Subtraction Code 319</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.09</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 122, Earned income credit (ORS 315.266)</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICPCT2</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit if youngest dependent is under three years old</td><td style="text-align:left">0.12</td><td style="text-align:left">Publication OR-17, p. 122, Earned income credit (ORS 315.266)</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCC1</td><td>maximum amount for the working family household and dependent care credit if claiming one qualifying individual</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td>Schedule OR-WFHDC, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCC2</td><td>maximum amount for the working family household and dependent care credit if claiming two or more qualifying individuals</td><td style="text-align:left">24000.0</td><td>Schedule OR-WFHDC, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORMAXERN</td><td>federal or state AGI (whichever is greater) limits by household size for the working family household and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0 59160 74580 90000 105420 120840 136260 151680</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 125, Credit Code 895</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORPOVC</td><td>federal poverty guidelines for calculation of working family household and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">14580 19720 24860 30000 35140 40280 45420 50560</td><td>HHS, ASPE, Federal Poverty Guidelines 2023 (https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/01/19/2023-00885/annual-update-of-the-hhs-poverty-guidelines)</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORRATCUT</td><td>percentage of federal poverty guideline brackets to determine applicable percentage for the working family household and dependent care credit (income is greater of federal or state AGI)</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 110 120 130 140 150 160 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 280</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORRATMAX</td><td>maximum poverty threshold to be eligible for the working family household and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">300.0</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORWFCKD1</td><td>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child 18 years or older if disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.50 0.45 0.39 0.33 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORWFCKD2</td><td>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child at least 6 years old but less than 13, or at least 13 but less than 18 if disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05 0.15 0.25 0.35 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.66 0.61 0.56 0.50 0.45 0.42 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.04 0.04</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORWFCKD3</td><td>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child at least 3 years old but less than 6</td><td style="text-align:left">0.08 0.18 0.28 0.38 0.48 0.53 0.58 0.63 0.68 0.73 0.69 0.64 0.59 0.53 0.48 0.45 0.43 0.38 0.33 0.28 0.18 0.08 0.06 0.04</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORWFCKD4</td><td>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child under 3 years old</td><td style="text-align:left">0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.71 0.66 0.61 0.55 0.50 0.47 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.06 0.04</td><td>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023 (https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 4050 10200 125000 10000000</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Marginal tax rates</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 8100 20400 250000 10000000</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Marginal tax rates</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 .0475 .0675 .0875 .099</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Marginal tax rates</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORFTCUT1</td><td>federal AGI brackets to determine federal tax liability subtraction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 125000 130000 135000 140000 145000 10000000</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 74, Table 9 Federal tax liability subtraction AGI phase-out</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORFTCUT2</td><td>federal AGI brackets to determine federal tax liability subtraction for head of household and joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 250000 260000 270000 280000 290000 10000000</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 74, Table 9 Federal tax liability subtraction AGI phase-out</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORFTDED</td><td>maximum federal tax liability subtraction by federal AGI bracket</td><td style="text-align:left">7800 6250 4700 3100 1550 0</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 74, Table 9 Federal tax liability subtraction AGI phase-out</td></tr>
<tr><td>MEDCUT1</td><td>federal AGI brackets for the special medical subtraction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 25000 50000 100001</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 85, Special Oregon medical (ORS 316.693), Subtraction code 351, Table 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>MEDCUT2</td><td>federal AGI brackets for the special medical subtraction for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 50000 100000 200001</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 85, Special Oregon medical (ORS 316.693), Subtraction code 351, Table 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>MEDAMT</td><td>maximum special medical subtraction per qualifying taxpayer</td><td style="text-align:left">1800 1400 1000 0</td><td>Publication OR-17, p. 85, Special Oregon medical (ORS 316.693), Subtraction code 351, Table 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORKIDSMAX</td><td>maximum income after subtractions to qualify for the kids credit</td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORKIDSPHASEOUT</td><td>income phaseout for the kids credit</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit Worksheet, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORKIDSINCR</td><td>increment used in the calculation of the kids credit phaseout</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORKIDSAMT</td><td>maximum credit per child for the kids credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit Worksheet, Line 7b</td></tr>
<tr><td>ORKICKCREDPCT</td><td>percentage of state tax liability to determine kicker credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">0.4428</td><td>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19-20, Line 38</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-42">PA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Pennsylvania State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PATAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0307</td><td style="text-align:left">Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 21, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>REBCNT</td><td>number of columns in tax forgiveness table (Eligibility Income Table 1 and 2)</td><td style="text-align:left">10.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 39, Schedule SP (Line 21), Eligibility Income Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>REBCUT1</td><td>income brackets to determine rebate percentage for tax forgiveness for single and head of household filers (across the table by row)</td><td style="text-align:left">6500 6750 7000 7250 7500 7750 8000 8250 8500 8750 16000 16250 16500 16750 17000 17250 17500 17750 18000 18250 25500 25750 26000 26250 26500 26750 27000 27250 27500 27750 35000 35250 35500 35750 36000 36250 36500 36750 37000 37250 44500 44750 45000 45250 45500 45750 46000 46250 46500 46750 54000 54250 54500 54750 55000 55250 55500 55750 56000 56250 63500 63750 64000 64250 64500 64750 65000 65250 65500 65750 73000 73250 73500 73750 74000 74250 74500 74750 75000 75250 82500 82750 83000 83250 83500 83750 84000 84250 84500 84750 92000 92250 92500 92750 93000 93250 93500 93750 94000 94250</td><td style="text-align:left">Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 39, Schedule SP (Line 21), Eligibility Income Table 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>REBCUT2</td><td>income brackets to determine rebate percentage for tax forgiveness for joint filers (across the table by row)</td><td style="text-align:left">13000 13250 13500 13750 14000 14250 14500 14750 15000 15250 22500 22750 23000 23250 23500 23750 24000 24250 24500 24750 32000 32250 32500 32750 33000 33250 33500 33750 34000 34250 41500 41750 42000 42250 42500 42750 43000 43250 43500 43750 51000 51250 51500 51750 52000 52250 52500 52750 53000 53250 60500 60750 61000 61250 61500 61750 62000 62250 62500 62750 70000 70250 70500 70750 71000 71250 71500 71750 72000 72250 79500 79750 80000 80250 80500 80750 81000 81250 81500 81750 89000 89250 89500 89750 90000 90250 90500 90750 91000 91250 98500 98750 99000 99250 99500 99750 100000 100250 100500 100750</td><td style="text-align:left">Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 39, Schedule SP (Line 21), Eligibility Income Table 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>PACDCINC</td><td>household income above which the maximum child and dependent care credit amount decreases for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">43000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>PACDCLOW1</td><td>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with household income equal to or less than PACDCINC with one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">1050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>PACDCLOW2</td><td>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with household income equal to or less than PACDCINC with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">2100.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>PACDCHIGH1</td><td>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with household income over PACDCINC with one dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">600.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>PACDCHIGH2</td><td>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with household income over PACDCINC with two or more dependents</td><td style="text-align:left">1200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-43">RI</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Rhode Island State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RISTD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RISTD2</td><td>standard deduction amount for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RISTD4</td><td>standard deduction amount for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RIEXEMP</td><td>personal exemption amount for head, spouse, and each dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">4700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>CREDRAT</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care expenses credit claimable as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 6, Schedule I, Line 21</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>EICREFP</td><td>percentage of federal EITC claimable as a state credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 6, Schedule EIC, Line 39</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RISTCT</td><td>modified federal AGI cutoff for reduced personal exemption amount</td><td style="text-align:left">233750.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RIRETCT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for pension exclusion for single and head of household filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">101000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 9, Schedule M, Line 1t</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RIRETCT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for pension exclusion for joint filers with at least one spouse age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">126250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 9, Schedule M, Line 1t</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RIRETAMT</td><td>maximum pension exclusion amount</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 9, Schedule M, Line 1t</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RISSCT1</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for social security exclusion for single and head of household filers age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">101000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Taxable Social Security Income Worksheet, Step 1, Line 6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RISSCT2</td><td>federal AGI cutoff for social security exclusion for joint filers with at least one spouse age 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">126250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Taxable Social Security Income Worksheet, Step 1, Line 6</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RITCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 73450 166950 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 11, Tax Computation Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RITRAT</td><td>income tax rates for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0375 0.0475 0.0599</td><td style="text-align:left">Resident Instructions, p. 11, Tax Computation Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RISTDCT</td><td>modified federal AGI cutoffs to determine reduction percentage for standard deduction (calculated using instructions)</td><td style="text-align:left">240450 247150 253850 260550 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Standard Deduction Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RISTDRT</td><td>reduction percentage for standard deduction for each cutoff</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Standard Deduction Worksheet</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>RIEICRAT</td><td>percentage of federal EITC that is refundable for the state EITC</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Form RI-1040, Line 14d</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-44">SC</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>South Carolina State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>CCCPCT</td><td>percentage of federal child and dependent care expense credit claimable as a state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.07</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 15, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXCCC</td><td>maximum state child and dependent care credit per child (up to two)</td><td style="text-align:left">210.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 15, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>TWOERAT</td><td>percentage used to calculate the two wage earner credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.007</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 16, Line 12, Two Wage Earner Credit Worksheet, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>LIM2ECR</td><td>earned income limit for two wage earner credit</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 16, Line 12, Two Wage Earner Credit Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAX2ECR</td><td>maximum two wage earner credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">350.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 16, Line 12, Two Wage Earner Credit Worksheet, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEND1</td><td>maximum retirement deduction for persons under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">3000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 8, Line P1 - P3</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXPEND2</td><td>maximum retirement deduction for persons age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 8, Line P1 - P3</td></tr>
<tr><td>MXMILPN1</td><td>maximum additional amount of military retirement deduction for persons under age 65</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 10, Line P4 - P6</td></tr>
<tr><td>MXMILPN2</td><td>maximum additional amount of military retirement deduction for persons age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 10, Line P4 - P6</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCTCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 3330 16680 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form SC4972, p. 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>SCTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0 0.03 0.064</td><td style="text-align:left">Form SC4972, p. 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGEDMAX</td><td>maximum income deduction for persons age 65 or older</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 10, Line Q</td></tr>
<tr><td>ADDX6AMT</td><td>additional deduction amount for each dependent under age six</td><td style="text-align:left">4610.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 12, Line T</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRAT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">1.25</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Packet, p. 3</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-45">TN</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="10" style="text-align:left"><strong>Tennessee State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2015 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2015 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2016 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2016 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2017 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2017 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2018 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2018 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2019 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2019 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2020 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2020 Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2021 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2021 Source</strong></u></td><td style="text-align:left"><u><strong>Number of parameters in arrays</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction amount for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">1250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left">Income Tax completely phased out in 2021</td><td>1.0</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction amount for married filing jointly filers</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left">2500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>1.0</td></tr>
<tr><td>TNTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.06</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left">0.02</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left">0.01</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>1.0</td></tr>
<tr><td>MININC1</td><td>maximum income for tax exemption for aged 65+ for single and head of household returns</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td><td style="text-align:left">37000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>1.0</td></tr>
<tr><td>MININC2</td><td>maximum income for tax exemption for aged 65+ for married filing jointly returns</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td><td style="text-align:left">68000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>1.0</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-46">UT</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Utah State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount per dependent</td><td style="text-align:left">1941.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>MINTAX1</td><td>federal AGI above which filers are required to pay state income taxes for single filers </td><td style="text-align:left">13850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 9, Line 21, Step 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>MINTAX2</td><td>federal AGI above which filers are required to pay state income taxes for joint filers </td><td style="text-align:left">27700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 9, Line 21, Step 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>MINTAX4</td><td>federal AGI above which filers are required to pay state income taxes for head of household filers </td><td style="text-align:left">20800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 9, Line 21, Step 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>UTPENAGE</td><td>minimum age to qualify for retirement credit</td><td style="text-align:left">71.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 18, Part 3, #18</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGPENEX</td><td>maximum retirement credit for filers aged UTPENAGE or older</td><td style="text-align:left">450.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 18, Line 1, Retirement Credit Worksheet</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENCUT1</td><td>modified AGI above which the retirement credit is reduced for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 19, Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENCUT2</td><td>modified AGI above which the retirement credit is reduced for joint and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">32000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 19, Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>PENPCT</td><td>percentage reduction in retirement credit </td><td style="text-align:left">0.025</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 19, Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>UTTAXRAT</td><td>income tax rate for all filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0465</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>INITCRED</td><td>percentage to calculate initial credit before phase-out for taxpayer tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.06</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHASE1</td><td>amount to deduct from taxable income to calculate income subject to phase-out for taxpayer tax credit for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16742.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHASE2</td><td>amount to deduct from taxable income to calculate income subject to phase-out for taxpayer tax credit for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">33484.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHASE4</td><td>amount to deduct from taxable income to calculate income subject to phase-out for taxpayer tax credit for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">25114.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHASEOUT</td><td>percentage to determine phase-out amount for taxpayer tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.013</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 19</td></tr>
<tr><td>UTSSCUT1</td><td>modified AGI cutoff for single filers for the social security credit </td><td style="text-align:left">45000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Credit Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>UTSSCUT2</td><td>modified AGI cutoff for joint and head of household filers for the social security credit </td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Credit Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>UTSSPCT</td><td>percentage used for reduction in social security credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.025</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Credit Worksheet, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>UTMILPCT</td><td>percentage used for calculation of the military retirement credit and social security credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0465</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Benefits Credit Worksheet, Line 7 and Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AJ, Military Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>UTEITPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AM, Earned Income Tax Credit Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-47">VT</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Vermont State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">7000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">14050.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD4</td><td>standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">10550.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>STDADD</td><td>additional standard deduction for filers that are 65 or older or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">1150.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">4850.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111, Line 5e</td></tr>
<tr><td>SSEXLIM11</td><td>maximum AGI for partial retirement income exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">60000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Retirement Income Exemption Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>SSEXLIM12</td><td>maximum AGI for full retirement income exemption for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Social Security Exemption Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>SSEXLIM21</td><td>maximum AGI for partial retirement income exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Social Security Exemption Worksheet, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>SSEXLIM22</td><td>maximum AGI for full retirement income exemption for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">65000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Social Security Exemption Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRAT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as a state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.38</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Part II, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>CREDRAT1</td><td>before 2023: percentage of federal credits allowed as state credits; beginning in 2023: percentage of federal credits (including credit for the elderly or the disabled) allowed as subtraction from income</td><td style="text-align:left">0.24</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-119, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>CREDRAT2</td><td>percentage of the federal child and dependent care credit allowed as a refundable state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.72</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, Part II, Line 2</td></tr>
<tr><td>VTAMTMIN</td><td>minimum federal AGI to require minimum state income tax</td><td style="text-align:left">150000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>VTAMTPCT</td><td>minimum state income tax rate</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHRTYPCT</td><td>percentage of charitable contributions that are tax deductible</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111, Line 12</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHRTYMAX</td><td>maximum charitable contribution deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111, Line 13</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">VTCAPEAMT</td><td style="text-align:left">maximum exclusion for net adjusted capital gains</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-153 Instructions, Part I, Flat Exclusion</td></tr>
<tr><td>VTTCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 45400 110050 229550 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>VTTCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 75850 183400 279450 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>VTTCUT4</td><td>income tax brackets for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 60850 157150 254500 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>VTTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0 0.0335 0.066 0.076 0.0875</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>VTCTCMAX</td><td>maximum AGI to qualify for the state child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">174000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, p. 4, Child Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>VTCTCCUT</td><td>AGI thresholds to determine the amount of the state child tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">125000 126000 127000 128000 129000 130000 131000 132000 133000 134000 135000 136000 137000 138000 139000 140000 141000 142000 143000 144000 145000 146000 147000 148000 149000 150000 151000 152000 153000 154000 155000 156000 157000 158000 159000 160000 161000 162000 163000 164000 165000 166000 167000 168000 169000 170000 171000 172000 173000 174000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, p. 4, Child Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
<tr><td>VTCTCAMT</td><td>state child tax credit amounts corresponding to the AGI thresholds</td><td style="text-align:left">1000 980 960 940 920 900 880 860 840 820 800 780 760 740 720 700 680 660 640 620 600 580 560 540 520 500 480 460 440 420 400 380 360 340 320 300 280 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IN-112 Instructions, p. 4, Child Tax Credit Table</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-48">VA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Virginia State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXMAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">930.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 9, Exemptions</td></tr>
<tr><td>ELDEXAMT</td><td>additional exemption amount for persons aged 65 and over or blind</td><td style="text-align:left">800.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 9, Exemptions</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD1</td><td>standard deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 12, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>STD2</td><td>standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 12, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>BASEDED</td><td>maximum age deduction for persons aged 65 and over</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 10, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGECUT1</td><td>maximum adjusted federal AGI to receive full age deduction for single and head of household filers </td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 11, Line 4 Worksheet Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGECUT2</td><td>maximum adjusted federal AGI to receive full age deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">75000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 11, Line 4 Worksheet Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>VADISMAX</td><td>maximum disability income subtraction</td><td style="text-align:left">20000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 19, Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>VANOTAX1</td><td>state AGI threshold at which single and head of household filers are required to file</td><td style="text-align:left">11950.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td>VANOTAX2</td><td>state AGI threshold at which joint filers are required to file</td><td style="text-align:left">23900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760, Line 9</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">VAMOOPRAT</td><td style="text-align:left">medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal AGI</td><td style="text-align:left">0.1</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">VAITMPCT1</td><td style="text-align:left">first percentage used in calculation of limited itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.8</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 4</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">VAITMPCT2</td><td style="text-align:left">second percentage used in calculation of limited itemized deductions</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">VAITMLIM1</td><td style="text-align:left">federal AGI threshold above which itemized deductions are limited for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">307400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">VAITMLIM2</td><td style="text-align:left">federal AGI threshold above which itemized deductions are limited for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">368900.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>LIEXEMP</td><td>amount per exemption for the credit for low-income individuals</td><td style="text-align:left">300.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 13</td></tr>
<tr><td>VAEICPCT</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as a non-refundable state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.2</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 15</td></tr>
<tr><td>VASPOUL5</td><td>state AGI with personal exemptions subtracted above which filer receives maximum spouse tax adjustment</td><td style="text-align:left">17000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 13, Spouse Tax Adjustment Worksheet Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>VASPOUL4</td><td>taxable income above which filers receives maximum spouse tax adjustment</td><td style="text-align:left">34000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 13, Spouse Tax Adjustment Worksheet Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>VASPOUMX</td><td>maximum amount of spouse tax adjustment</td><td style="text-align:left">259.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 13, Spouse Tax Adjustment Worksheet Line 5</td></tr>
<tr><td>VACUT</td><td>maximum state AGI by the number of eligible exemptions to claim the credit for low-income individuals (equal to the federal poverty guidelines; need to calculate values for more than eight exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">14580 19720 24860 30000 35140 40280 45420 50560 55700 60840 65980 71120 76260 81400 86540</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 11</td></tr>
<tr><td>VACUT1</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 3000 5000 17000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>VARAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.0575</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedule</td></tr>
<tr><td>VAREBMAX1</td><td>tax rebate for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">200.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://www.tax.virginia.gov/rebate">https://www.tax.virginia.gov/rebate</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>VAREBMAX2</td><td>tax rebate for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">400.0</td><td style="text-align:left"><a href="https://www.tax.virginia.gov/rebate">https://www.tax.virginia.gov/rebate</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>VAEICPCTREF</td><td>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as a refundable state earned income tax credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.15</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 16b</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-49">WV</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>West Virginia State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>EXEMAMT</td><td>personal exemption amount for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-140, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>MINEXAMT</td><td>minimum exemption amount (if claiming no exemptions)</td><td style="text-align:left">500.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form IT-140, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>LOWERN</td><td>maximum exclusion for the low-income earned income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 29, Low-Income Earned Income Exclusion Worksheet, Line C</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXAGI</td><td>maximum federal AGI allowed for the low-income earned income exclusion </td><td style="text-align:left">10000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 29, Low-Income Earned Income Exclusion Worksheet, Line A</td></tr>
<tr><td>MXDISAMT</td><td>maximum income deduction for filers aged 65 and over or disabled</td><td style="text-align:left">8000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 27-28, Line 47, Example of Senior Citizen Deduction Calculation</td></tr>
<tr><td>MILMAX1</td><td>maximum initial deduction for military retirement income</td><td style="text-align:left">10000000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 30</td></tr>
<tr><td>GOVPENEX</td><td>maximum deduction for state and federal retirement income</td><td style="text-align:left">2000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 31</td></tr>
<tr><td>WVSSPCT</td><td>percentage of social security benefits allowable as a deduction</td><td style="text-align:left">1.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 32</td></tr>
<tr><td>WVSSLIM1</td><td>maximum federal AGI for social security deduction for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">50000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 32</td></tr>
<tr><td>WVSSLIM2</td><td>maximum federal AGI for social security deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">100000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 32</td></tr>
<tr><td>WVRBCT1</td><td>modified federal AGI brackets by the number of family members in the household  to determine the family tax credit percentage</td><td style="text-align:left">14580 14880 15180 15480 15780 16080 16380 16680 16980 17280 19720 20020 20320 20620 20920 21220 21520 21820 22120 22420 24860 25160 25460 25760 26060 26360 26660 26960 27260 27560 30000 30300 30600 30900 31200 31500 31800 32100 32400 32700 35140 35440 35740 36040 36340 36640 36940 37240 37540 37840 40280 40580 40880 41180 41480 41780 42080 42380 42680 42980 45420 45720 46020 46320 46620 46920 47220 47520 47820 48120 50560 50860 51160 51460 51760 52060 52360 52660 52960 53260</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 12, Family Tax Credit Tables</td></tr>
<tr><td>WVTCUT</td><td>income tax brackets</td><td style="text-align:left">0 10000 25000 40000 60000 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr>
<tr><td>WVTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.0236 0.0315 0.0354 0.0472 0.0512</td><td style="text-align:left">IT-140 Booklet, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedules</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-50">WI</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><strong>Wisconsin State Tax Parameters</strong></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>Parameter</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Description</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Value</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>2023 Source</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>UNEMPC1</td><td>amount for calculation of unemployment compensation subtraction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 2, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>UNEMPC2</td><td>amount for calculation of unemployment compensation subtraction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 2, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>AGIEXCL</td><td><strong>prior to tax year 2018</strong>: maximum AGI to claim disability income exclusion for single or head of household filers.
<strong>Tax year 2018 and after</strong>: amount used to calculate the limitation on disability income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule 2440W, Line 5b</td></tr>
<tr><td>DISAGI1</td><td>maximum AGI to claim disability income exclusion for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">20200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 9, Line 22</td></tr>
<tr><td>DISAGI2</td><td>maximum AGI to claim disability income exclusion for joint filers (if both spouses are eligible)</td><td style="text-align:left">25400.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 9, Line 22</td></tr>
<tr><td>WISDIS</td><td>maximum disability income exclusion</td><td style="text-align:left">5200.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 9, Line 22</td></tr>
<tr><td>WIMAXPEN</td><td>maximum retirement income subtraction for filers 65 years and older</td><td style="text-align:left">5000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 7, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>WIPENCT1</td><td>maximum AGI for the retirement income subtraction for single or head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">15000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 7, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>WIPENCT2</td><td>maximum AGI for the retirement income subtraction for joint filers </td><td style="text-align:left">30000.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Schedule SB Instructions, p. 7, Line 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXEMP1</td><td>personal exemption amount for each exemption</td><td style="text-align:left">700.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 16, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>PEXEMP2</td><td>additional exemption amount for persons aged 65 and older</td><td style="text-align:left">250.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 16, Line 10</td></tr>
<tr><td>BASINC1</td><td>maximum income to claim full standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18399.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXINC1</td><td>maximum income to claim any standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">124733.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>BASSTD1</td><td>maximum standard deduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">12760.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHGDED1</td><td>percentage to calculate standard deduction reduction for single filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.12</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>BASINC2</td><td>maximum income to claim full standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">26549.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXINC2</td><td>maximum income to claim any standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">145976.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>BASSTD2</td><td>maximum standard deduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">23620.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHGDED2</td><td>percentage to calculate standard deduction reduction for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.19778</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>BASINC4</td><td>maximum income to claim full standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">18399.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXINC4</td><td>maximum income to claim any standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">124733.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>BASSTD4</td><td>maximum standard deduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">16480.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHGDED4</td><td>percentage to calculate standard deduction reduction for head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0.22515</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>SWITCH4</td><td>income amount for head of household filers to switch to single filer reduction rate</td><td style="text-align:left">53778.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td></tr>
<tr><td>RATCRED</td><td>rate for the itemized deduction credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.05</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1, Schedule 1, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>MCCUT</td><td>maximum income for the married couple credit</td><td style="text-align:left">16000.0</td><td>Form 1, Schedule 2, Line 6</td></tr>
<tr><td>MCCRAT</td><td>rate for the married couple credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.03</td><td>Form 1, Schedule 2, Line 7</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAXMCC</td><td>maximum married couple credit amount</td><td style="text-align:left">480.0</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1, Schedule 2, Line 8</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRAT1</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit claimable as a state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying child</td><td style="text-align:left">0.04</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 28,  Line 29</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRAT2</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit claimable as a state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.11</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 28,  Line 29</td></tr>
<tr><td>EICRAT3</td><td>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit claimable as a state earned income tax credit for filers with three or more qualifying children</td><td style="text-align:left">0.34</td><td style="text-align:left">Form 1 Instructions, p. 28,  Line 29</td></tr>
<tr><td>WSCUT1</td><td>income tax brackets for single and head of household filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 13810 27630 304170 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">WI Tax Rates</td></tr>
<tr><td>WSCUT2</td><td>income tax brackets for joint filers</td><td style="text-align:left">0 18420 36840 405550 10000000</td><td style="text-align:left">WI Tax Rates</td></tr>
<tr><td>WSTRAT</td><td>income tax rates</td><td style="text-align:left">0.0 0.035 0.044 0.053 0.0765</td><td style="text-align:left">WI Tax Rates</td></tr>
<tr><td>WICCCPCT</td><td>percent of federal child and dependent care credit claimable as a state child and dependent care credit</td><td style="text-align:left">0.5</td><td>Form 1, Line 14</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-51">Source</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th></th><th></th><th></th><th style="text-align:right"><a href="#sheet-2"><u>Return to Table of Contents</u></a></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left"><strong>Source of Tax Updates</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left"><em>Note: Links to source of tax forms and instructions may change frequently. Links are active as of February 2024.</em></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><u><strong>State</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Tax Forms to Download</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Source</strong></u></td><td><u><strong>Notes</strong></u></td></tr>
<tr><td>Federal</td><td>Form 1040
Form 1040 Instructions
Form 1040 Schedule 1
Form 1040 Schedule 2
Form 1040 Schedule 3
Form 1040 Schedule 8812
Form 1040 Schedule 8812 Instructions
Form 1040 Schedule A
Form 1040 Schedule R
Form 1040 Schedule R Instructions
Form 1040 Schedule SE
Form 2441
Form 6251
Form 6251 Instructions
Form 8995</td><td><a href="https://www.irs.gov/forms-instructions"><u>https://www.irs.gov/forms-instructions</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Alabama</td><td>Form 40
Form 40 Booklet
Schedule ABCD
Tax Rates in Alabama FAQ</td><td><a href="https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/forms/?jsf=jet-data-table:form-table&amp;_s=form%2040"><u>https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/forms/?jsf=jet-data-table:form-table&amp;_s=form%2040</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Alaska</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="http://www.tax.alaska.gov/programs/programs/index.aspx?10001"><u>http://www.tax.alaska.gov/programs/programs/index.aspx?10001</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Arizona</td><td>Form 140 Booklet
Form 140 Schedule A
Form 140 Schedule A Instructions
Form 321
Form 321 Instructions
Tax Conformity FAQ</td><td><a href="https://azdor.gov/forms/individual"><u>https://azdor.gov/forms/individual
https://azdor.gov/about/legal-research/conformity-irc
https://azdor.gov/forms/individual-income-tax-highlights</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Arkansas</td><td>Form AR3
Form AR1000F
Form AR1000F Instructions
Form AR2441
Form AR4684
Indexed tax brackets</td><td><a href="https://www.dfa.arkansas.gov/income-tax/individual-income-tax/forms/"><u>https://www.dfa.arkansas.gov/income-tax/individual-income-tax/forms/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>California</td><td>Form 540
Form 540 Instructions
Form 540 Booklet
Form 3506
Form 3506 Instructions
Form 3514
Form 3514 Instructions
Schedule CA
Schedule CA Instructions
Schedule P
Schedule P Instructions
Form 1040 Instructions (federal)
Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy Center</td><td><a href="https://www.ftb.ca.gov/"><u>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/
</u></a></td><td>Must request instructions forms through email</td></tr>
<tr><td>Colorado</td><td>Form 104
Form 104 Booklet
Form 104AD
Form 104AMT
Form DR0347
Form 104CR
Form 104CN
Form 104TN </td><td><a href="https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/tax/individual-income-forms"><u>https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/tax/individual-income-forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Connecticut</td><td>CT-1040
CT-1040 Booklet</td><td><a href="https://portal.ct.gov/DRS/DRS-Forms/Current-Year-Forms/Individual-Income-Tax-Forms"><u>https://portal.ct.gov/DRS/DRS-Forms/Current-Year-Forms/Individual-Income-Tax-Forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Delaware</td><td>Individual Income Tax Booklet</td><td><a href="https://revenue.delaware.gov/forms/"><u>https://revenue.delaware.gov/forms/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>DC</td><td>Form D-40 Booklet
Form D-2440</td><td><a href="http://otr.cfo.dc.gov/node/424492"><u>http://otr.cfo.dc.gov/node/424492</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Florida</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="http://floridarevenue.com/dor/eservices/filepay.html"><u>http://floridarevenue.com/dor/eservices/filepay.html</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Georgia</td><td>Form 500
IT-511 Booklet</td><td><a href="https://dor.georgia.gov/taxes/all-tax-forms"><u>https://dor.georgia.gov/taxes/all-tax-forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Hawaii</td><td>Form N11
Form N11 Instructions
Schedule X
Form N-311
Form CR Instructions</td><td><a href="http://tax.hawaii.gov/forms/a1_b1_1income/"><u>http://tax.hawaii.gov/forms/a1_b1_1income/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Idaho</td><td>Form 39R
Form 40
Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions
Individual income tax rate schedule</td><td><a href="https://tax.idaho.gov/m-formpub.cfm"><u>https://tax.idaho.gov/m-formpub.cfm
https://tax.idaho.gov/i-1110.cfm#sub9
https://tax.idaho.gov/taxes/income-tax/individual-income/forms/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Illinois</td><td>Form IL-1040
Form IL-1040 Instructions
Schedule ICR
Schedule ICR Instructions
Schedule IL-EIC
Schedule IL-EIC Instructions</td><td><a href="https://www2.illinois.gov/rev/forms/incometax/Pages/currentyear/individual.aspx"><u>https://www2.illinois.gov/rev/forms/incometax/Pages/currentyear/individual.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Indiana</td><td>Form IT-40
Form IT-40 Booklet
Form IT-2440
Schedule CT-40</td><td><a href="http://www.in.gov/dor/3489.htm"><u>http://www.in.gov/dor/3489.htm</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Iowa</td><td>Form IA 1040
Form IA 1040 Expanded Instructions
Form IA 2440
Form IA 104
Schedule A
Tax rates</td><td><a href="https://tax.iowa.gov/"><u>https://tax.iowa.gov/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Kansas</td><td>Form K-40
Form K-40 Instructions
Schedule S</td><td><a href="http://www.ksrevenue.org/forms-perstax.html"><u>http://www.ksrevenue.org/forms-perstax.html</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Kentucky</td><td>Form 740
Form 740 Instructions
Form Schedule P
Form Schedule ITC</td><td><a href="http://revenue.ky.gov/Individual/Individual-Income-Tax/Pages/default.aspx"><u>http://revenue.ky.gov/Individual/Individual-Income-Tax/Pages/default.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Louisiana</td><td>Form IT-540
Form IT-540 Instructions
Form IT-540 Tax Table
Individual income tax rates</td><td><a href="https://revenue.louisiana.gov/Forms/ForIndividuals"><u>https://revenue.louisiana.gov/Forms/ForIndividuals</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Maine</td><td>Form 1040ME
Form 1040ME Instructions
Form 1040ME Schedule A
Form 1040ME Schedule PTFC
Form 1040ME Schedule 1A
Form 1040ME Schedule 1S
Form 1040ME Schedule 2
Earned Income Tax Credit Worksheet
Tax rate schedule</td><td><a href="http://www.state.me.us/revenue/incomeestate/1040/1040.html"><u>http://www.state.me.us/revenue/incomeestate/1040/1040.html</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Maryland</td><td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet
Form 502
Form 502CR</td><td><a href="http://taxes.marylandtaxes.com/Individual_Taxes/General_Information/Individual_Tax_Forms_and_Instructions/Income_Tax_Forms/"><u>http://taxes.marylandtaxes.com/Individual_Taxes/General_Information/Individual_Tax_Forms_and_Instructions/Income_Tax_Forms/
</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Massachusetts</td><td>Form 1
Form 1 Instructions</td><td><a href="http://www.mass.gov/dor/individuals/"><u>http://www.mass.gov/dor/individuals/
http://www.mass.gov/dor/forms/personal-income/
</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Michigan</td><td>Form MI-1040
Form MI-1040 Instructions
Schedule 1 Instructions</td><td><a href="https://www.michigan.gov/taxes/0,4676,7-238-44143---,00.html"><u>https://www.michigan.gov/taxes/0,4676,7-238-44143---,00.html</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Minnesota</td><td>Schedule M1
Schedule M1 Instructions
Schedule M1CD
Schedule M1DQC
Schedule M1M
Schedule M1MA
Schedule M1R
Schedule M1SA
Schedule M1CWFC</td><td><a href="http://www.revenue.state.mn.us/Pages/default.aspx"><u>http://www.revenue.state.mn.us/Pages/default.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Mississippi</td><td>Form 80-105
Form 80-108
Income Tax Instruction Booklet (Form 10-100)</td><td><a href="http://www.dor.ms.gov/Pages/default.aspx"><u>http://www.dor.ms.gov/Pages/default.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Missouri</td><td>Income Tax Reference Guide
Form MO-1040
Form MO-1040 Instructions
Tax chart</td><td><a href="http://dor.mo.gov/personal/individual/"><u>http://dor.mo.gov/personal/individual/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Montana</td><td>Income tax rates
Form 2
Form 2 Booklet
Form 2441-M</td><td><a href="http://revenue.mt.gov/home/forms"><u>http://revenue.mt.gov/home/forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Nebraska</td><td>Individual Income Tax Booklet
Tax Calculation Schedule
Form 2441N</td><td><a href="https://revenue.nebraska.gov/about/forms/individual-income-tax-forms"><u>https://revenue.nebraska.gov/about/forms/individual-income-tax-forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Nevada</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="https://tax.nv.gov/FAQs/Information_About_Nevadas_Taxes_and_The_Department/"><u>https://tax.nv.gov/FAQs/Information_About_Nevadas_Taxes_and_The_Department/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>New Hampshire</td><td>Form DP-10
Form DP-10 Instructions</td><td><a href="http://www.revenue.nh.gov/forms/interest-dividends.htm"><u>http://www.revenue.nh.gov/forms/interest-dividends.htm</u></a></td><td>Current year forms available online. Past years must be requested via email.</td></tr>
<tr><td>New Jersey</td><td>Form NJ-1040
Form NJ-1040 Instructions</td><td><a href="http://www.state.nj.us/treasury/taxation/"><u>http://www.state.nj.us/treasury/taxation/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>New Mexico</td><td>Form PIT-1
Form PIT-1 Instructions
Form PIT-ADJ
Form PIT-ADJ Instructions
Form PIT-RC
Form PIT-RC Instructions</td><td><a href="http://tax.newmexico.gov/Individuals/personal-income-tax-forms.aspx"><u>http://tax.newmexico.gov/Individuals/personal-income-tax-forms.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>New York</td><td>Form IT-196
Form IT-196 Instructions
Form IT-201
Form IT-201 Instructions
Form IT-213
Form IT-213 Instructions
Form IT-215
Form IT-215 Instructions
Form IT-216
Form IT-216 Instructions
Form IT-221
Form IT-221 Instructions</td><td><a href="https://www.tax.ny.gov/forms/income_cur_forms.htm"><u>https://www.tax.ny.gov/forms/income_cur_forms.htm</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>North Carolina</td><td>Form D-400
Form D-400 Instructions
Form D-400 Schedule S
Form D-400TC
Tax Law Changes</td><td><a href="https://www.ncdor.gov/taxes-forms/individual-income-tax-forms-instructions"><u>https://www.ncdor.gov/taxes-forms/individual-income-tax-forms-instructions</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>North Dakota</td><td>Form ND-1
Form ND-1 Booklet</td><td><a href="https://www.tax.nd.gov/forms"><u>https://www.tax.nd.gov/forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Ohio</td><td>Form IT 1040
Form IT 1040 Booklet
Form IT Schedule of Credits
Form IT BUS</td><td><a href="http://www.tax.ohio.gov/Individual.aspx"><u>http://www.tax.ohio.gov/Individual.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Oklahoma</td><td>Form 511 Packet
Oklahoma Tax Rates</td><td><a href="https://www.ok.gov/tax/Forms_&amp;_Publications/Forms/Income/"><u>https://www.ok.gov/tax/Forms_&amp;_Publications/Forms/Income/
https://oklahoma.gov/tax/individuals/pay-taxes.html#RATES</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Oregon</td><td>Form 40 
Form 40 Instructions
Publication OR-17
Schedule OR-A
Schedule OR-ASC
Schedule OR-WFHDC
Schedule OR-WFHDC Instructions</td><td><a href="http://www.oregon.gov/DOR/programs/individuals/Pages/default.aspx"><u>http://www.oregon.gov/DOR/programs/individuals/Pages/default.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Pennsylvania</td><td>Form PA-40
Form PA-40IN
Form PA-40SP</td><td><a href="http://www.revenue.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx"><u>http://www.revenue.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Rhode Island</td><td>Form 1040
Form 1040 Resident Instructions
Schedule M
Social Security Worksheet
Standard Deduction Worksheet</td><td><a href="http://www.tax.ri.gov/"><u>http://www.tax.ri.gov/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>South Carolina</td><td>Form SC1040
Form SC1040 Instructions
SC Individual Income Tax Packet 
Form SC4972</td><td><a href="https://dor.sc.gov/"><u>https://dor.sc.gov/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>South Dakota</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="http://dor.sd.gov/Taxes/Business_Taxes/"><u>http://dor.sd.gov/Taxes/Business_Taxes/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Tennessee</td><td>Individual Income Tax Return</td><td><a href="http://www.tn.gov/revenue/section/tax-resources"><u>http://www.tn.gov/revenue/section/tax-resources</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Texas</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="https://comptroller.texas.gov/taxes/"><u>https://comptroller.texas.gov/taxes/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Utah</td><td>Form TC-40
Form TC-40 Instructions</td><td><a href="http://tax.utah.gov/forms-pubs/"><u>http://tax.utah.gov/forms-pubs/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Vermont</td><td>Form IN-111
Form IN-111 Instructions
Schedule IN-112
Schedule IN-112 Instructions
Schedule IN-119
Schedule IN-119 Instructions
Schedule IN-153
Schedule IN-153 Instructions</td><td><a href="http://tax.vermont.gov/"><u>http://tax.vermont.gov/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Virginia</td><td>Form 760
Form 760 Instructions
Schedule A
Schedule ADJ</td><td><a href="https://www.tax.virginia.gov/forms"><u>https://www.tax.virginia.gov/forms</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Washington</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="https://dor.wa.gov/find-taxes-rates/income-tax"><u>https://dor.wa.gov/find-taxes-rates/income-tax</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>West Virginia</td><td>Form IT-140
Form IT-140 Booklet</td><td><a href="http://tax.wv.gov/Individuals/Pages/Individuals.aspx"><u>http://tax.wv.gov/Individuals/Pages/Individuals.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Wisconsin</td><td>Form 1
Form 1 Instructions
Form 1-ES Instructions
Schedule 2440W
Schedule AD Instructions
Schedule SB Instructions</td><td><a href="https://www.revenue.wi.gov/Pages/HTML/formpub.aspx"><u>https://www.revenue.wi.gov/Pages/HTML/formpub.aspx</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>Wyoming</td><td>N/A</td><td><a href="http://revenue.wyo.gov/"><u>http://revenue.wyo.gov/</u></a></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table></body></html>
Haskell HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Haskell Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h2 id="sheet-1">State Policies</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>State Income Tax Policies in 2023</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conformity with Federal Tax Changes 1</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Presence of State Credits</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>State</td>
<td>Must itemize if itemized on federal return?</td>
<td>Repeal of Deduction of Theft Losses and Casualty Losses (other than
for national disasters)</td>
<td>Repeal of Deduction of Misc Expenses</td>
<td>State and Local Tax (SALT) Deduction Cap ($10,000)</td>
<td>Charity Limit in 2020 ($300 for non-itemizers; limit at 100% of
AGI)</td>
<td>Charity Limit in 2021 ($600 for non-itemizers; limit at 100% of
AGI)</td>
<td>Charity Limit in 2022 and 2023 (return to 60% of AGI for
itemizers)</td>
<td>UI Exclusion from Income</td>
<td>Child Tax Credit (CTC)</td>
<td>Child and Dependent Care Credit</td>
<td>Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)</td>
<td>Aspects of State Income Tax Not Currently Captured</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Federal</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Charitable contribution limitation remains at 100% of AGI,
plus $300 limit for non-itemizers.</strong></td>
<td><strong>Charitable contribution limitation remains at 100% of AGI,
plus $600 limit for non-itemizers.</strong></td>
<td><strong>Charitable contribution returns to 60% of AGI for
itemizers.</strong></td>
<td><strong>Removed for 2021</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Standard deduction of $300/$600 in charitable contribution
not implemented. Charity is imputed from IRS SOI, and it only exists for
itemizing households in SOI. Individual Mandate not tracked; cannot
accurate capture health insurance status/exemption. OASDI tax deferral
not tracked, since it's paid in following year Non-taxable loans from
retirement plans For states that use same filing status as federal
returns, we currently determine deduction type using federal status;
should implement code to take standard or itemized deductions by sum of
federal and state deductions.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>States</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Alabama</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Full UI exclusion under state law</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Alaska</strong></td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Arizona</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Unable to capture credits for various contributions,
non-dependent exemptions. Not tracking reduced AZ charitable
contributions since not tracking federal</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Arkansas</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>N</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Full UI exclusion under state law</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>credit for dependents with developmental
disabilities</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>California</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>N</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Full UI exclusion under state law</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor
matching of gaps in health insurance.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Colorado</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Connecticut</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Delaware</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Full UI exclusion under state law</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DC</strong></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Full UI exclusion under state law</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Homeowner and Renter property tax credit could be added if
we have rent data. Does not model ELC, since "child development
facility" expenses cannot be captured. Does not capture non-custodial
parent EITC. We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor
matching of gaps in health insurance.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Florida</strong></td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Georgia</strong></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Hawaii</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Can't identify people in military reserve for
deduction.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Idaho</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>First-time home buyer deduction is significant but cannot be
captured from ASEC</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Illinois</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Indiana</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>Partial UI exclusion under state law</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Currently not tracking AGI limits for Indiana EIC as they
are slightly different from federal AGI limit (also different for
Indiana self-employed and clergy workers). County tax rates are weighted
average for the whole state.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Iowa</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>In Iowa, it is more adventageous for married couples to file
separately. I think this accounts for most of the difference between our
tax model and the Bakija tax model / aggregate tax targets. Do we want
to consider coding married filing separately for certain
states?</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Kansas</strong></td>
<td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Kentucky</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>N</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Louisiana</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>If the number of parameters in the latcut1 and latcut2
arrays changes, double check the SAS code. There is some hard coding
that may need to change if the number of items in the arrays change.
</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Maine</strong></td>
<td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>N/A</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Cannot capture quality child care provider for double child
care credit</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Maryland</strong></td>
<td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Full UI exclusion for some filers, otherwise uses federal
AGI.</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>We don't model the state's military pay exclusion (which
they enacted in tax year 2017) because it only applies to military pay
received while serving overseas. Maryland EIP is not captured as it uses
2019 tax return (available to those who qualify for EITC in
2019)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Massachusetts</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>N/A</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Limited UI exclusion for some filers.</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor
matching of gaps in health insurance.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Michigan</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>N/A</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>In 2018, Michigan added retirement benefits for some
retirees who are not covered by Social Security, but we are not modeling
this at this time. Cannot capture qualified benefits from deceased
spouse.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Minnesota</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Mississippi</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td>Y</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>Cannot track qualifying charitable contribution credits.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Missouri</strong></td>
<td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Cannot capture earnings portion of state and local income
taxes for component in itemized deduction. Cannot capture business
income deduction from Missouri-source.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Montana</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Full UI exclusion</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Nebraska</strong></td>
<td>Yes (but allowed to take standard deduction if larger)</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Doesn't model military retirement benefits exclusion as the
model might overestimate the number of people eligible since one could
retire with full pension as early as 37 and one must file for the
exclusion within 2 year of retirement.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Nevada</strong></td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>New Hampshire</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>New Jersey</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Full UI exclusion</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>We don't model the state's property tax deduction, because
while we could model the deduction for homeowners the state also allows
renters to deduct a certain percentage of their rent (which we cannot
model). We decided not to model at all to prevent inaccurate
distributional effects. State also has an additional exemption for
veterans, but we don't have information on the CPS about veteran status.
We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor matching of gaps
in health insurance.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>New Mexico</strong></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>New York</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Higher tax rates and brackets as AGI never exceed 5 million
due to top-coding. New York city child credit not modeled cannot
disentangle share of expenses spent on children under 4 in NYC, will not
include in model</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>North Carolina</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>N</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>North Dakota</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Ohio</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Oklahoma</strong></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Oregon</strong></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Pennsylvania</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>Full UI exclusion under state law</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Rhode Island</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>We do not track individual mandate penalty due to poor
matching of gaps in health insurance.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>South Carolina</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>No exclusion</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>South Dakota</strong></td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Tennessee</strong></td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Texas</strong></td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Utah</strong></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Vermont</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Virginia</strong></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Full UI exclusion under state law</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Washington</strong></td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>West Virginia</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Conforms to federal</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Wisconsin</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>Y</strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
<td><strong>Partial UI exclusion under state law</strong></td>
<td>n/a</td>
<td><strong>No</strong></td>
<td><strong>Yes</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Wyoming</strong></td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>n/a (no state tax)</td>
<td>***NO STATE INCOME TAX***</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Total number of states</strong></td>
<td><strong>0.0</strong></td>
<td><strong>0.0</strong></td>
<td><strong>0.0</strong></td>
<td><strong>0.0</strong></td>
<td><strong>24.0</strong></td>
<td><strong>0.0</strong></td>
<td><strong>0.0</strong></td>
<td><strong>0.0</strong></td>
<td><strong>0.0</strong></td>
<td><strong>0.0</strong></td>
<td><strong>0.0</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>1 See
https://taxfoundation.org/state-conformity-federal-tax-reform/ for more
information.</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-2">Introduction</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Brief Documentation for Federal and State Tax Parameter Workbook:
2023</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The Census Bureau imputes federal, state, and payroll tax
liabilities and tax credits via a microsimulation tax model using the
Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS
ASEC), the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Statistics of Income Public
Use File (SOI PUF), and information from federal and state tax forms and
instructions. The microsimulation model contains two primary components:
a collection of SAS programs and a workbook of federal and state tax
parameters.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>This federal and state parameter workbook holds the key parameters
that are used in the calculation of federal and state income taxes for
the 2023 CPS ASEC tax model. In addition, the workbook describes where
the parameters can be found in tax forms and/or instructions, making it
easier to reference additional information on the parameter and to
update the parameter each year.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>In this workbook, there is a spreadsheet with all the parameters
needed to calculate federal payroll and income tax, plus spreadsheets
with the parameters for each state with an income tax. Each of the
spreadsheets follows the same structure. The first column in each
spreadsheet (“Parameter”) includes the variable name used for the
parameter in the tax model SAS programs. The second column
(“Description”) provides a brief description of what is captured by the
parameter. The third column (“2023 Value”) contains the numerical
parameter or array for tax year 2023. The fourth column (“2023 Source”)
describes where the value can be found in federal or state tax forms
and/or instructions.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>There are limitations to the information captured in the parameter
workbook. Refer to the full documentation of the federal and state
parameter workbook for a description of the limitations
(https://www2.census.gov/library/working-papers/2024/demo/Federal_and_State_Tax_Parameter_Workbook_Documentation_TY2023.pdf).
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>We welcome the comments and questions of data users. Additionally,
feel free to reach out to request a 508 compliant version of the
document or other accommodation. For comments, questions, and requests,
please email: sehsd.isb.list@census.gov. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table of Contents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Federal</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AL</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZ</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CO</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CT</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>GA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HI</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ID</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IL</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IN local</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>IA local</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>KS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>KY</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ME</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MD</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MD local</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MI</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MS</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MO</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MT</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NH</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NJ</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NY</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ND</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OH</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OK</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RI</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>UT</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VT</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>WV</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>WI</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suggested citation: Shantz, Katie (2024). Federal and State Tax
Parameter Workbook: 2023 . U.S. Census Bureau.
https://www2.census.gov/library/working-papers/2024/demo/Federal_and_State_Tax_Parameter_Workbook_TY2023.xlsx
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-3">Federal</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Federal Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXFICA</td>
<td><strong>maximum earnings taxed for old-age, survivors, and
disability insurance (OASDI)</strong></td>
<td>160200.0</td>
<td>FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/OACT/COLA/cbb.html#Series)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OASITAX</td>
<td><strong>old-age and survivors insurance trust fund tax rate (OASI
tax)</strong></td>
<td>5.3e-2</td>
<td>FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/oasdiRates.html)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DITAX</td>
<td><strong>disability insurance trust fund tax rate (DI
tax)</strong></td>
<td>9.0e-3</td>
<td>FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/oasdiRates.html)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HITAX</td>
<td><strong>medicare's hospital insurance tax rate (HI
tax)</strong></td>
<td>1.45e-2</td>
<td>FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED136</td>
<td><strong>additional hospital insurance tax rate for high
earners</strong></td>
<td>9.0e-3</td>
<td>FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html notes at
bottom)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED137</td>
<td><strong>minimum additional hospital insurance income for single
filers</strong></td>
<td>200000.0</td>
<td>FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html notes at
bottom)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED138</td>
<td><strong>minimum additional hospital insurance income for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td>250000.0</td>
<td>FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html notes at
bottom)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CSRSTAX</td>
<td><strong>retirement tax rate for civil service retirement system
(assumption: multiple old CSRS documents indicate that federal employees
had to contribute 7 percent and agencies were matching that percentage.
Federal employees who started their federal career before 1987 is
eligible for CSRS.)</strong></td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>Civil Service Retirement
(https://www.cbp.gov/node/362203/printable/print)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CSRSCOV</td>
<td><strong>current percentage of federal employees using civil service
retirement system (CSRS) instead of federal employee retirement system
(FERS)</strong></td>
<td>7.7e-3</td>
<td>Emailed: data.requests@opm.gov, percentage as of September 2023</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED146</td>
<td><strong>age approximation for civil service retirement system
(assumption: age in current year if they were 18 in 1987)</strong></td>
<td>55.0</td>
<td>Civil Service Retirement (assumption)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED7</td>
<td><strong>income cutoff for self-employment tax</strong></td>
<td>400.0</td>
<td>Form 1040 Schedule SE, Section A Line 4c</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED8</td>
<td><strong>taxable percentage of self-employment income</strong></td>
<td>0.9235</td>
<td>Form 1040 Schedule SE, Section A Line 4a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED9</td>
<td><strong>combined FICA tax rate for self-employment
income</strong></td>
<td>0.153</td>
<td>FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED10</td>
<td><strong>medicare's hospital insurance tax rate for self-employment
income</strong></td>
<td>2.9e-2</td>
<td>FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.html)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED11</td>
<td><strong>old-age and survivors insurance trust fund tax rate for
self-employment income</strong></td>
<td>0.124</td>
<td>FICA rates (https://www.ssa.gov/oact/progdata/taxRates.htmll)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED12</td>
<td><strong>social security benefit cutoff for single and head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td>25000.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line
8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED13</td>
<td><strong>social security benefit cutoff for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td>32000.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line
8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED14</td>
<td><strong>social security benefit exemption for single and head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td>9000.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line
10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED15</td>
<td><strong>social security benefit exemption for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td>12000.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 32, Social Security Benefits Worksheet Line
10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED16</td>
<td><strong>maximum individual retirement arrangement (IRA) deduction
for filers under the age of 50</strong></td>
<td>6500.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 93, IRA Deduction Worksheet Line 1b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED17</td>
<td><strong>maximum individual retirement arrangement (IRA) deduction
for filers age 50 or older</strong></td>
<td>7500.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 93, IRA Deduction Worksheet Line 1b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICTOP00</td>
<td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with
zero children to be eligible for the earned income tax credit
(EITC)</td>
<td>17640.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040
Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICTOP01</td>
<td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with zero children to be
eligible for the EITC </td>
<td>24210.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040
Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICTOP10</td>
<td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with one
child to be eligible for the EITC</td>
<td>46560.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040
Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICTOP11</td>
<td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with one child to be eligible
for the EITC </td>
<td>53120.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040
Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICTOP20</td>
<td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with two
children to be eligible for the EITC</td>
<td>52918.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040
Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICTOP21</td>
<td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with two children to be
eligible for the EITC</td>
<td>59478.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040
Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICTOP30</td>
<td>maximum federal AGI for single and head of household filers with
three or more children to be eligible for the EITC</td>
<td>56838.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040
Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICTOP31</td>
<td>maximum federal AGI for joint filers with three or more children to
be eligible for the EITC</td>
<td>63398.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters) and 1040
Instructions, p. 39, Earned Income Credit Section Step 1 Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXINVST</td>
<td>maximum investment income to be eligible for the EITC</td>
<td>11000.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, Earned Income Credit Section Step 2 Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL01</td>
<td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with zero children</td>
<td>7840.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICR01</td>
<td>EITC credit rate with zero children </td>
<td>7.65e-2</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL02S</td>
<td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of
household filers with zero children (beginning income for the
phaseout)</td>
<td>9800.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL02J</td>
<td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with
zero children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td>
<td>16370.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married
value increase in footnotes </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICR02</td>
<td>EITC phaseout rate with zero children</td>
<td>7.65e-2</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL11</td>
<td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with one child</td>
<td>11750.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICR11</td>
<td>EITC credit rate with one child </td>
<td>0.34</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL12S</td>
<td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of
household filers with one child (beginning income for the phaseout)</td>
<td>21560.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL12J</td>
<td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with one
child (beginning income for the phaseout)</td>
<td>28120.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married
value increase in footnotes </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICR12</td>
<td>EITC phaseout rate with one child </td>
<td>0.1598</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL21</td>
<td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with two children</td>
<td>16510.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICR21</td>
<td>EITC credit rate with two children </td>
<td>0.4</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL22S</td>
<td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of
household filers with two children (beginning income for the phaseout)
</td>
<td>21560.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL22J</td>
<td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with two
children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td>
<td>28120.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married
value increase in footnotes </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICR22</td>
<td>EITC phaseout rate with two children</td>
<td>0.2106</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL31</td>
<td>minimum income to receive the maximum EITC with three or more
children </td>
<td>16510.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICR31</td>
<td>EITC credit rate with three or more children </td>
<td>0.45</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL32S</td>
<td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for single or head of
household filers with three or more children (beginning income for the
phaseout) </td>
<td>21560.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICL32J</td>
<td>maximum income to receive the maximum EITC for joint filers with
three or more children (beginning income for the phaseout)</td>
<td>28120.0</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters), married
value increase in footnotes </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICR32</td>
<td>EITC phaseout rate with three or more children</td>
<td>0.2106</td>
<td>EITC Parameters
(https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/eitc-parameters)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED40</td>
<td><strong>earned income cutoff for the standard deduction for
dependents</strong></td>
<td>850.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED41</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for dependents if earned income is
greater than the earned income cutoff</strong></td>
<td>400.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED42</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for dependents if earned income is less
than the earned income cutoff</strong></td>
<td>1250.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED43</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td>13850.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED44</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>27700.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED45</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>20800.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED46</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for dependents age 65 and older or blind
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>1500.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 4B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED47</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for dependents age 65 and older or blind
for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>1850.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Worksheet Line 4B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED48</td>
<td><strong>single filers with “1” in the box (for filers age 65 and
older and/or blind)</strong></td>
<td>15700.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who
Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED49</td>
<td><strong>single filers with “2” in the box (for filers age 65 and
older and/or blind)</strong></td>
<td>17550.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who
Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED50</td>
<td><strong>joint filers with “1” in the box (for filers and/or spouses
age 65 and older and/or blind)</strong></td>
<td>29200.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who
Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED51</td>
<td><strong>joint filers with “2” in the box (for filers and/or spouses
age 65 and older and/or blind)</strong></td>
<td>30700.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who
Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED52</td>
<td><strong>joint filers with “3” in the box (for filers and/or spouses
age 65 and older and/or blind)</strong></td>
<td>32200.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who
Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED53</td>
<td><strong>joint filers with “4” in the box (for filers and/or spouses
age 65 and older and/or blind)</strong></td>
<td>33700.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who
Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED54</td>
<td><strong>head of household filers with “1” in the box (for filers age
65 and older and/or blind)</strong></td>
<td>22650.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who
Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED55</td>
<td><strong>head of household filers with “2” in the box (for filer age
65 and older and/or blind)</strong></td>
<td>24500.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p 34, Standard Deduction Chart for People Who
Were Born Before January 2, 1959, or Were Blind</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED157</td>
<td><strong>percentage of deduction allowed of net qualified business
income component, qualified real estate investment trust (REIT)
component, and income limitation</strong></td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td>Form 8995, Qualified Business Income Deduction - Simplified
Computation Lines 5, 9, and 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED147</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal AGI above which medical and dental
expenses can be deducted for filers and spouses age 65 and
older</strong></td>
<td>7.5e-2</td>
<td>Form 1040 Schedule A, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED148</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal AGI above which medical and dental
expenses can be deducted for filers and spouses under age
65</strong></td>
<td>7.5e-2</td>
<td>Form 1040 Schedule A, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED153</td>
<td><strong>limitation on state and local tax deduction</strong></td>
<td>10000.0</td>
<td>Form 1040 Schedule A, Line 5e</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED64</td>
<td><strong>first threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends
and capital gains tax for single filers</strong></td>
<td>44625.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax
Worksheet Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED65</td>
<td><strong>first threshold of the calculation of qualified dividends
and capital gains tax for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>89250.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax
Worksheet Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED66</td>
<td><strong>first threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends
and capital gains tax for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>59750.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax
Worksheet Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED67</td>
<td><strong>qualified dividends and capital gains rate under second
threshold</strong></td>
<td>0.15</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax
Worksheet Line 18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED68</td>
<td><strong>qualified dividends and capital gains rate under first
threshold</strong></td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax
Worksheet Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED69</td>
<td><strong>qualified dividends and capital gains above second
threshold</strong></td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax
Worksheet Line 21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED139</td>
<td><strong>second threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends
and capital gains tax for single filers</strong></td>
<td>492300.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax
Worksheet Line 13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED140</td>
<td><strong>second threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends
and capital gains tax for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>553850.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax
Worksheet Line 13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED141</td>
<td><strong>second threshold for the calculation of qualified dividends
and capital gains tax for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>523050.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 37, Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax
Worksheet Line 13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED70</td>
<td><strong>alternative minimum tax (AMT) exemption for single and head
of household filers</strong></td>
<td>81300.0</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED71</td>
<td><strong>AMT exemption for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>126500.0</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED72</td>
<td><strong>alternative minimum taxable income threshold to be eligible
for the AMT exemption for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>578150.0</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED73</td>
<td><strong>alternative minimum taxable income threshold to be eligible
for the AMT exemption for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>1156300.0</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part II, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED74</td>
<td><strong>AMT income cutoff </strong></td>
<td>220700.0</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part II Line 7, Part III Line 18, and Part III Line
39</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED75</td>
<td><strong>AMT percentage if income is less than the cutoff in
FED74</strong></td>
<td>0.26</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part II Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED76</td>
<td><strong>AMT percentage used to calculate AMT exemption</strong></td>
<td>0.25</td>
<td>Form 6251 Instructions, p. 9, Exemption Worksheet, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED77</td>
<td><strong>AMT income subtraction if income is greater than the cutoff
in FED74</strong></td>
<td>4414.0</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part II Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED78</td>
<td><strong>AMT percentage if income is greater than the cutoff in
FED74</strong></td>
<td>0.28</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part II Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED154</td>
<td><strong>first AMT percentage using maximum capital gains
rates</strong></td>
<td>0.15</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part III Line 31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED155</td>
<td><strong>second AMT percentage using maximum capital gains
rates</strong></td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part III Line 34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED156</td>
<td><strong>third AMT percentage using maximum capital gains
rates</strong></td>
<td>0.25</td>
<td>Form 6251, Part III Line 37</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED79</td>
<td><strong>limitation on nontaxable social security or other pension
annuities for the credit for the elderly or disabled for single and head
of household filers</strong></td>
<td>5000.0</td>
<td>Schedule R, Line 10 Boxes 1, 2, 4, or 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED80</td>
<td><strong>limitation on nontaxable social security or other pension
annuities for the credit for the elderly or disabled for joint filers
with both spouses eligible</strong></td>
<td>7500.0</td>
<td>Schedule R, Line 10 Boxes 3, 5, 6 and Line 15 Boxes 1 or 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED81</td>
<td><strong>limitation on nontaxable social security or other pension
annuities for the credit for the elderly or disabled for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td>10000.0</td>
<td>Schedule R, Line 15 Boxes 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED82</td>
<td><strong>percentage used in the calculation of the credit for the
elderly or disabled</strong></td>
<td>0.5</td>
<td>Schedule R, Line 17 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED83</td>
<td><strong>percentage used in the calculation of the credit for the
elderly or disabled</strong></td>
<td>0.15</td>
<td>Schedule R, Line 20 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED84</td>
<td><strong>income limit for the credit for the elderly or disabled for
single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>17500.0</td>
<td>Schedule R Instructions, Income Limits for the Credit for the
Elderly or the Disabled, p. 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED85</td>
<td><strong>income limit for the credit for the elderly or disabled for
joint filers with one spouse eligible</strong></td>
<td>20000.0</td>
<td>Schedule R Instructions, Income Limits for the Credit for the
Elderly or the Disabled, p. 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED86</td>
<td><strong>income limit for the credit for the elderly or disabled for
joint filers with both spouses eligible</strong></td>
<td>25000.0</td>
<td>Schedule R Instructions, Income Limits for the Credit for the
Elderly or the Disabled, p. 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED87</td>
<td><strong>amount for each qualifying child for the child tax
credit</strong></td>
<td>2000.0</td>
<td>Schedule 8812, Part I Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED88</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to receive the full child tax credit for
single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>200000.0</td>
<td>Schedule 8812, Part I Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED89</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to receive the full child tax credit for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td>400000.0</td>
<td>Schedule 8812, Part I Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED90</td>
<td><strong>percentage to calculate the child tax credit reduction
</strong></td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>Schedule 8812, Part I Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED91</td>
<td><strong>minimum taxable earned income to be eligible for the
additional child tax credit</strong></td>
<td>2500.0</td>
<td>Schedule 8812, Part II-A, Line 19</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED92</td>
<td><strong>percentage used in the calculation of the additional child
tax credit</strong></td>
<td>0.15</td>
<td>Schedule 8812, Part II-A, Line 20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED150</td>
<td><strong>amount for each other dependent for the credit for other
dependents</strong></td>
<td>500.0</td>
<td>Schedule 8812, Part I Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FED151</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum additional child tax credit for each qualifying
child</strong></td>
<td>1600.0</td>
<td>Schedule 8812, Part II Line 16b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FED152</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum total additional child tax credit</strong></td>
<td>4800.0</td>
<td>Schedule 8812, Part II Line 20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED94</td>
<td><strong>gross income threshold for filing requirement for single
filers under age 65</strong></td>
<td>13850.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED95</td>
<td><strong>gross income threshold for filing requirement for single
filers age 65 and over</strong></td>
<td>15700.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED96</td>
<td><strong>gross income threshold for filing requirement for joint
filers both under age 65</strong></td>
<td>27700.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED97</td>
<td><strong>gross income threshold for filing requirement for joint
filers one under age 65 and one age 65 and over</strong></td>
<td>29200.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED98</td>
<td><strong>gross income threshold for filing requirement for joint
filers both age 65 and over</strong></td>
<td>30700.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED99</td>
<td><strong>gross income threshold for filing requirement for head of
household filers under age 65</strong></td>
<td>20800.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED100</td>
<td><strong>gross income threshold for filing requirement for head of
household filers age 65 and over</strong></td>
<td>22650.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 9, Chart A For Most People</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED101</td>
<td><strong>gross and unearned income thresholds for filing requirement
for dependents under 65 and not blind</strong></td>
<td>1250.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other
Dependents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED102</td>
<td><strong>earned income threshold for filing requirement for
dependents under 65 and not blind</strong></td>
<td>13850.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other
Dependents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED103</td>
<td><strong>gross and unearned income thresholds for filing requirement
for dependents age 65 and older or blind</strong></td>
<td>3100.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other
Dependents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED104</td>
<td><strong>earned income threshold for filing requirement for
dependents age 65 and older or blind</strong></td>
<td>15700.0</td>
<td>1040 Instructions, p. 10, Chart B For Children and Other
Dependents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED105</td>
<td><strong>assumption: designated income to increase filers. previously
undercounting filers and adding this assumption got us closer to the IRS
targets.</strong></td>
<td>2000.0</td>
<td>Assumption (not in any forms or instructions)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT11</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td>11000.0</td>
<td>Form 1040 instructions, Schedule X, p. 110, Income Cutoff 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT12</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td>44725.0</td>
<td>Schedule X, Income Cutoff 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT13</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td>95375.0</td>
<td>Schedule X, Income Cutoff 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT14</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td>182100.0</td>
<td>Schedule X, Income Cutoff 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT15</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td>231250.0</td>
<td>Schedule X, Income Cutoff 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT16</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td>578125.0</td>
<td>Schedule X, Income Cutoff 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT21</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>22000.0</td>
<td>Schedule Y1, p. 110, Income Cutoff 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT22</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>89450.0</td>
<td>Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT23</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>190750.0</td>
<td>Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT24</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>364200.0</td>
<td>Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT25</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>462500.0</td>
<td>Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT26</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>693750.0</td>
<td>Schedule Y1, Income Cutoff 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT41</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>15700.0</td>
<td>Schedule Z, p. 110, Income Cutoff 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT42</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>59850.0</td>
<td>Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT43</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>95350.0</td>
<td>Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT44</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>182100.0</td>
<td>Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT45</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>231250.0</td>
<td>Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXAMT46</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>578100.0</td>
<td>Schedule Z, Income Cutoff 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXRAT1</td>
<td>first income tax rate</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXRAT2</td>
<td>second income tax rate</td>
<td>0.12</td>
<td>Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXRAT3</td>
<td>third income tax rate</td>
<td>0.22</td>
<td>Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXRAT4</td>
<td>fourth income tax rate</td>
<td>0.24</td>
<td>Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXRAT5</td>
<td>fifth income tax rate</td>
<td>0.32</td>
<td>Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXRAT6</td>
<td>sixth income tax rate</td>
<td>0.35</td>
<td>Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXRAT7</td>
<td>seventh income tax rate</td>
<td>0.37</td>
<td>Schedule X, Y1, and Z, Rate 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED160</td>
<td>maximum qualified expenses for one child for the child and dependent
expense credit</td>
<td>3000.0</td>
<td>Form 2441, Part II, line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED161</td>
<td>maximum qualified expenses for two or more children for the child
and dependent expense credit</td>
<td>6000.0</td>
<td>Form 2441, Part II, line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FED162</td>
<td>maximum charitable contribution deduction as a percentage of federal
AGI</td>
<td>0.6</td>
<td><strong>Publication 526, p. 4, Contributions You Can
Deduct</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ccinc</td>
<td><strong>federal AGI brackets for the child and dependent expense
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000 27000 29000 31000
33000 35000 37000 39000 41000 43000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 2441, Part II, line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ccpct</td>
<td><strong>rates for the child and dependent expense
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>.35 .34 .33 .32 .31 .30 .29 .28 .27 .26 .25 .24 .23 .22
.21 .20</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 2441, Part II, line 8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-4">AL</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Alabama State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALPEXAMT1</td>
<td><strong>dependent exemption amount for units with state AGI greater
than ALEXCUT2</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>300.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALPEXAMT2</td>
<td><strong>dependent exemption amount for units with state AGI greater
than ALEXCUT1 and less than or equal to ALEXCUT2</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALPEXAMT3</td>
<td><strong>dependent exemption amount for units with state AGI less
than or equal to ALEXCUT1</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALEXCUT1</td>
<td><strong>first state AGI cutoff for the deduction
exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALEXCUT2</td>
<td><strong>second state AGI cutoff for the deduction
exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 10, Line 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALEXRET1</td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALEXRET2</td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, Line 2 and 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALSTDCUT</td>
<td><strong>state AGI brackets for standard deduction for all filing
statuses</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 26000 26500 27000 27500 28000 28500 29000 29500 30000
30500 31000 31500 32000 32500 33000 33500 34000 34500 35000
35500</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALSTD1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amounts for single filers by
ALSTDCUT</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000 2975 2950 2925 2900 2875 2850 2825 2800 2775 2750
2725 2700 2675 2650 2625 2600 2575 2550 2525 2500</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction
chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALSTD2</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amounts for married filing jointly filers
by ALSTDCUT</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8500 8325 8150 7975 7800 7625 7450 7275 7100 6925 6750
6575 6400 6225 6050 5875 5700 5525 5350 5175 5000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction
chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALSTD4</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amounts for head of households filers by
ALSTDCUT</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5200 5065 4930 4795 4660 4525 4390 4255 4120 3985 3850
3715 3580 3445 3310 3175 3040 2905 2770 2635 2500</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 40 Instructions, p. 9, Standard Deduction
chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALTCUT1</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 500 3000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rates in Alabama Individual Income Tax FAQ from Alabama Tax
website</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALTCUT2</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 1000 6000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rates in Alabama Individual Income Tax FAQ from Alabama Tax
website</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALTAXRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 0.02 0.04 0.05</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rates in Alabama Individual Income Tax FAQ from Alabama Tax
website</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALMEDRAT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of state AGI above which medical and dental
expenses are deductible</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Schedule A, line 3</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALCHRTYLIM</td>
<td>percentage of state AGI limitation for charitable contribution
deduction</td>
<td><em><strong>1.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 40 Instructions, p. 19, Line 15 through 18, Gifts to
Charity</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALPENEXC</td>
<td><strong>amount of non-civil service pension income that can be
excluded from state taxable income (in joint units, both the head and
spouse can claim the exclusion)</strong></td>
<td><em>6000.0</em></td>
<td>Schedule RS, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALREBAMT1</td>
<td><strong>one-time state tax rebate for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em>150.0</em></td>
<td>https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/individuals/2023-rebate/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALREBAMT2</td>
<td><strong>one-time state tax rebate for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em>300.0</em></td>
<td>https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/individuals/2023-rebate/</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-5">AZ</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Arizona State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZDEPAMT65</td>
<td><strong>exemption for tax unit head (and/or spouse, for joint
filers) if age 65 or older</strong></td>
<td>2100.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 20, Line 38</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZDEPAMTBL</td>
<td><strong>exemption for tax unit head (and/or spouse, for joint
filers) if blind</strong></td>
<td>1500.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 20, Line 39</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZSTDDED1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td>13850.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 21, Line 43</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZSTDDED2</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2019 : standard deduction for joint and
head of household filers. Tax year 2019 and after : standard deduction
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>27700.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 21, Line 43</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZSTDDED4</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>20800.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 21, Line 43</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCRCUT11</td>
<td><strong>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit
for single filers</strong></td>
<td>10000.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table
III</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCRCUT21</td>
<td><strong>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit
for joint filers with one or no dependents</strong></td>
<td>20000.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table
I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCRCUT22</td>
<td><strong>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit
for joint filers with two dependents</strong></td>
<td>23600.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table
I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AZFCRCUT23</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit
for joint filers with three dependents</strong></td>
<td>27300.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table I, p.
23</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCRCUT24</td>
<td><strong>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit
for joint filers with four or more dependents</strong></td>
<td>31000.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table
I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCRCUT31</td>
<td><strong>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit
for head of household filers with one or no dependents</strong></td>
<td>20000.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table
II</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCRCUT32</td>
<td><strong>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit
for head of household filers with two dependents</strong></td>
<td>20135.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table
II</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCRCUT33</td>
<td><strong>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit
for head of household filers with three dependents</strong></td>
<td>23800.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table
II</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCRCUT34</td>
<td><strong>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit
for head of household filers with four dependents</strong></td>
<td>25200.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table
II</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCRCUT35</td>
<td><strong>maximum income to qualify for the family income tax credit
for head of household filers with five or more dependents</strong></td>
<td>26575.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit Table
II</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCRAMT</td>
<td><strong>amount of family income tax credit for the tax unit head,
spouse (if filing jointly), and each dependent</strong></td>
<td>40.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit
Worksheet II Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AZFCMAX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum total family income tax credit for single
filers</strong></td>
<td>120.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit
Worksheet II Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZFCMAX2</td>
<td><strong>maximum total family income tax credit for joint and head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td>240.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 23, Line 50 Family Income Tax Credit
Worksheet II Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZDCRAMT1</td>
<td><strong>amount of dependent tax credit for each qualifying dependent
who is at least 17 years old</strong></td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table
I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AZDCRAMT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount of dependent tax credit for each qualifying dependent
who is under 17 years old</strong></td>
<td>100.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table
I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZDCMAX1</td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which the dependent tax credit begins
phasing out for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>200000.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table
III</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZDCMAX2</td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which the dependent tax credit begins
phasing out for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>400000.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table
IV</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZDCCUT</td>
<td><strong>dependent tax credit phase out brackets</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000
12000 13000 14000 15000 16000 17000 18000 19000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table
V</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZDCRATE</td>
<td><strong>dependent tax credit phase out percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.50 0.45
0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 22, Line 49 Dependent Tax Credit Table
V</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AZEXCCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for the increased excise tax credit for
single filers</strong></td>
<td>12500.0</td>
<td><strong>Form 140 Instructions, p. 25, Line 56
Worksheet</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AZEXCCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for the increased excise tax credit for
joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>25000.0</td>
<td><strong>Form 140 Instructions, p. 25, Line 56
Worksheet</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AZEXCAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount of increased excise tax credit per
exemption</strong></td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td><strong>Form 140 Instructions, p. 26, Line 56 Worksheet Line
4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AZEXCMAX</strong></td>
<td><strong>total maximum increased excise tax credit</strong></td>
<td>100.0</td>
<td><strong>Form 140 Instructions, p. 26, Line 56 Worksheet
Note</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZPENEXC</td>
<td><strong>amount of government pension income that can be excluded
from taxable income</strong></td>
<td>2500.0</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 14, Line 29a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZPENMIL</td>
<td><strong>amount of uniformed service pension income that can be
excluded from taxable income</strong></td>
<td>1.0e7</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, p. 15, Line 29b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZCHRTY</td>
<td><strong>percentage of charitable deductions allowed under standard
deduction</strong></td>
<td>0.31</td>
<td>Form 140 Instructions, Highlights, Standard Deduction Increase for
Charitable Contibutions, Resident Personal Income Tax Return</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZRATE</td>
<td>income tax rate for all tax units</td>
<td>2.5e-2</td>
<td>Form 140, Line 46</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZREBAMT1</td>
<td><strong>rebate amount per dependent for dependents under age
17</strong></td>
<td>250.0</td>
<td>https://azdor.gov/individuals/arizona-families-tax-rebate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AZREBAMT2</td>
<td><strong>rebate amount per dependent for other
dependents</strong></td>
<td>100.0</td>
<td>https://azdor.gov/individuals/arizona-families-tax-rebate</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-6">AR</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Arkansas State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AFEXAMT</td>
<td><strong>maximum amount of military pay that can be exempted
(military pay full exempt starting in tax year 2014)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0e7</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 8 (Military pensions is fully
exempt in 2023.)</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARPENEXAMT</td>
<td><strong>maximum amount of retirement income that can be
exempted</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 13, Line 18A</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARPCRDAMT</td>
<td><strong>personal tax credit amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>29.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 12, Line 7A and
7B</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARSTDDED1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2340.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 14, Line 27</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARSTDDED2</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4680.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 14, Line 27</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARMOOPPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of state AGI above which medical expenses are
deductible</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR3, Line 3</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARCCRATE</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child care credit allowed as state
child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR 2441, Line 10</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOEND1</td>
<td><strong>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16500.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOEND2</td>
<td><strong>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for joint
filers with one or no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>27500.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOEND3</td>
<td><strong>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for joint
filers with two or more dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>34100.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOEND4</td>
<td><strong>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for head
of household filers with one or no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>23900.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOEND5</td>
<td><strong>maximum total income to use low income tax tables for head
of household filers with two or more dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>27400.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARTCUT</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 5299 10599 15099 24999 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Indexed tax brackets</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARTRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0 0.02 0.03 0.034 0.047</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Indexed tax brackets</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOTAX1</td>
<td><strong>income tax amount for the low income tax table for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 27 34 41 48 55 62 69 76 83 90 97 104 111 118 125 132
139 146 153 160 167 174 181 188 195 202 209</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOCUT1</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 13849 13900 14000 14100 14200 14300 14400 14500 14600
14700 14800 14900 15000 15100 15200 15300 15400 15500 15600 15700 15800
15900 16000 16100 16200 16300 16400</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOTAX2</td>
<td><strong>income tax amount for the low income tax table for joint
filers with one or no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 72 83 93 104 114 124 135 145 165 166 176 187 197 208
218 228 239 249 260 270 280 291 301 312 322 332 343 353 364 374 384 395
405 416 426 436 447 457 468 478 488 499</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOCUT2</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for joint
filers with one or no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 23356 23400 23500 23600 23700 23800 23900 24000 24100
24200 24300 24400 24500 24600 24700 24800 24900 25000 25100 25200 25300
25400 25500 25600 25700 25800 25900 26000 26100 26200 26300 26400 26500
26600 26700 26800 26900 27000 27100 27200 27300 27400</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOTAX3</td>
<td><strong>income tax amount for the low income tax table for joint
filers with two or more dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 105 115 126 136 147 157 167 178 188 199 209 219 230
240 251 261 272 284 295 307 319 331 342 354 366 377 389 401 412 424 436
448 459 471 483 494 506 518 529 541 553 565 576 588 600 611 623 635 646
658 670 682 693 705 717 728 740 752 763 775</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOCUT3</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for joint
filers with two or more dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 28110 28200 28300 28400 28500 28600 28700 28800 28900
29000 29100 29200 29300 29400 29500 29600 29700 29800 29900 30000 30100
30200 30300 30400 30500 30600 30700 30800 30900 31000 31100 31200 31300
31400 31500 31600 31700 31800 31900 32000 32100 32200 32300 32400 32500
32600 32700 32800 32900 33000 33100 33200 33300 33400 33500 33600 33700
33800 33900 34000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 26</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOTAX4</td>
<td><strong>income tax amount for the low income tax table for head of
household filers with one or no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 64 73 82 92 101 111 120 129 139 148 158 167 176 186
195 205 214 223 233 242 252 261 270 280 289 299 308 317 327 336 346 355
364 374 383 393 402 411 421 430 440 449 458</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOCUT4</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for head of
household filers with one or no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 19691 19700 19800 19900 20000 20100 20200 20300 20400
20500 20600 20700 20800 20900 21000 21100 21200 21300 21400 21500 21600
21700 21800 21900 22000 22100 22200 22300 22400 22500 22600 22700 22800
22900 23000 23100 23200 23300 23400 23500 23600 23700
23800</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOTAX5</td>
<td><strong>income tax amount for the low income tax table for head of
household filers with two or more dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 89 102 114 127 139 151 164 176 189 201 213 226 238 251
263 275 288 300 313 325 337 350 362 375 387 399 412 424 437 449 461 474
486 499 511 523 536 548 561 574</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARLOCUT5</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for the low income tax table for head of
household filers with two or more dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 23472 23500 23600 23700 23800 23900 24000 24100 24200
24300 24400 24500 24600 24700 24800 24900 25000 25100 25200 25300 25400
25500 25600 25700 25800 25900 26000 26100 26200 26300 26400 26500 26600
26700 26800 26900 27000 27100 27200 27300</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 25</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARCHRTYLIM</td>
<td><strong>percentage of state AGI allowable for charitable
contributions deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.6</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 17, Line 16</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARINFMX1</td>
<td><strong>maximum state taxable income for single and head of
household filers for inflationary relief income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>103600.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income
Tax Credit Worksheet</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARINFMX2</td>
<td><strong>maximum state taxable income for joint filers for
inflationary relief income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>207200.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income
Tax Credit Worksheet</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARINF2MX</td>
<td><strong>maximum state taxable income for all filers for additional
tax credit for qualified individuals</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>26100.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 22, Inflationary Relief Income
Tax Credit Worksheet</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARINFBN1</td>
<td><strong>state taxable income brackets for single and head of
household filers to determine inflationary relief income tax
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 89600 90600 91600 92600 93600 94600 95600 96600 9700
98600 99600 100600 101600 102600 103600</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income
Tax Credit Table</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARINFBN2</td>
<td><strong>state taxable income brackets for joint filers to determine
inflationary relief income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 179200 181200 183200 185200 187200 189200 191200
193200 195200 197200 199200 201200 203200 205200
207200</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income
Tax Credit Table</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARINFCR1</td>
<td><strong>credit amounts for single and head of household filers for
inflationary relief income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income
Tax Credit Table</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARINFCR2</td>
<td><strong>credit amounts for joint for inflationary relief income tax
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>300 280 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20
0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 21, Inflationary Relief Income
Tax Credit Table</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARINF2BN</td>
<td><strong>state taxable income brackets for all filers to determine
additional tax credit for qualified individuals</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 25000 25100 25200 25300 25400 25500 25600 25700 25800
25900 26000 26100</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 22, Inflationary Relief Income
Tax Credit Table</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARINF2CR</td>
<td><strong>credit amounts for all filers for additional tax credit for
qualified individuals</strong></td>
<td>0 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 5 0</td>
<td><strong>Form AR1000F Instructions, p. 22, Inflationary Relief Income
Tax Credit Table</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-7">CA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>California State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CAMOOPRAT</td>
<td><strong>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of
federal AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7.5e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Schedule CA, Part II, Line 3</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CACHRTY</td>
<td><strong>maximum percentage of federal AGI allowed for charitable
deductions </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Schedule CA Instructions, Part II, Line 11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CAITMPCT1</td>
<td><strong>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.8</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 67, Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line
4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CAITMPCT2</td>
<td><strong>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 67, Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line
7</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ITZCUT1</td>
<td><strong>federal AGI limitation for exemption credits for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>237035.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line
B</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ITZCUT2</td>
<td><strong>federal AGI limitation for exemption credits for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>474075.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line
B</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ITZCUT4</td>
<td><strong>federal AGI limitation for exemption credits for head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>355558.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line
B</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EXMDIV</td>
<td><strong>divider used for AGI limitation for exemption
credits</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2500.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line
D</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EXMPCT</td>
<td><strong>multiplier used for AGI limitation for exemption
credits</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, AGI Limitation Worksheet, Line
E</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AMTEXM1</td>
<td><strong>minimum total income to potentially owe AMT for single or
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>87171.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 16, Line 61</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AMTEXM2</td>
<td><strong>minimum total income to potentially owe AMT for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>116229.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 16, Line 61</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AMTCUT11</td>
<td><strong>state AGI above which credits may be limited for single or
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>326891.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, Box C</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AMTCUT12</td>
<td><strong>state AGI above which credits may be limited for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>435855.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 14, Box C</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AMTCUT21</td>
<td><strong>alternative minimum taxable income limit to qualify for some
exemption for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>675575.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Schedule P Instructions, p. 6, Exemption
Worksheet</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AMTCUT22</td>
<td><strong>alternative minimum taxable income limit to qualify for some
exemption for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>900771.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Schedule P Instructions, p. 6, Exemption
Worksheet</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AMTMOOPRAT</td>
<td><strong>maximum percentage of federal AGI allowed for the medical
expense deduction for the AMT</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2.5e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Schedule P, Line 2</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AMTEXMPCT1</td>
<td><strong>percentage used for exemption phaseout for the
AMT</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Schedule P Instructions, p. 6, Exemption Worksheet,
Line 5</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AMTEXMPCT2</td>
<td><strong>percentage used in the calculation of the AMT</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Schedule P, Line 24</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PEXMAMT</td>
<td><strong>exemption credit for tax unit head (and spouse if filing
jointly) and if blind and/or age 65 or older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>144.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540, Line 7, 8, and 9</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DEPAMTD</td>
<td><strong>exemption credit for each dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>446.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540, Line 10</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5363.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540, Line 18</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD2</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10726.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540, Line 18</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STDEPCA</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1250.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 13, California Standard Deduction
Worksheet for Dependents, Line 2</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STDPINCA</td>
<td><strong>amount added to earned income if above certain threshold for
standard deduction for dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>400.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Federal Form 1040 Instructions, p. 32, Standard Deduction
Worksheet for Dependents</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXINCCC</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for child and dependent care expenses
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p.15, Line 40</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCEX1</td>
<td><strong>first federal AGI threshold to determine percentage for
child and dependent care expenses credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCEX2</td>
<td><strong>second federal AGI threshold to determine percentage for
child and dependent care expenses credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>70000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCPCT1</td>
<td><strong>first percentage for the child and dependent care expenses
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCPCT2</td>
<td><strong>second percentage for the child and dependent care expenses
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.43</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCPCT3</td>
<td><strong>third percentage for the child and dependent care expenses
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.34</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 9</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITTOP0</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit
and young child tax credit for filers with no qualifying
children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30951.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITTOP1</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit
and young child tax credit for filers with one qualifying
child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30951.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITTOP2</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2017 : maximum federal AGI for the state
earned income tax credit and young child tax credit for filers with two
or more qualifying children Tax year 2017 and after : maximum federal
AGI for the state earned income tax credit and young child tax credit
for filers with two qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30951.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EITTOP3</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for the state earned income tax credit
and young child tax credit for filers with three or more qualifying
children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30951.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 4, Step 1a</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EITCUT0</strong></td>
<td><strong>first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax
credit for filers with no qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4380.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EITCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax
credit for filers with one qualifying child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6577.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EITCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2017 : first point in federal AGI for the
state earned income tax credit for filers with two or more qualifying
children. Tax year 2017 and after : first point in federal AGI for the
state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying
children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9232.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EITCUT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>first point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax
credit for filers with three or more qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9232.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 8, Step 6 Part II</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EITCUT2_0</strong></td>
<td><strong>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax
credit for filers with no qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5175.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit
Table</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EITCUT2_1</strong></td>
<td><strong>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax
credit for filers with one qualifying child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>11175.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit
Table</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EITCUT2_2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax
credit for filers with two qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16775.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit
Table</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EITCUT2_3</strong></td>
<td><strong>second point in federal AGI for the state earned income tax
credit for filers with three or more qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16975.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit
Table</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITRAT0</td>
<td><strong>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for
filers with no qualifying children (all percentages are the federal
percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6.5025e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB101/id/2831243 (California
adjustment factor is specified in the California Budget Act and can
change yearly.)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITRAT1</td>
<td><strong>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for
filers with one qualifying child (all percentages are the federal
percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.28900000000000003</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy
Center</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITRAT2</td>
<td><strong>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for
filers with two qualifying children (all percentages are the federal
percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.34</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy
Center</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITRAT3</td>
<td><strong>credit rate for the state earned income tax credit for
filers with three qualifying children (all percentages are the federal
percentages multiplied by the state factor of 0.85)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.3825</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy Center
</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITRAT2_0</td>
<td><strong>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit
for filers with no qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9.1946e-3</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit
Table</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITRAT2_1</td>
<td><strong>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit
for filers with one qualifying child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.00364e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit
Table</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITRAT2_2</td>
<td><strong>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit
for filers with two qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.19018e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit
Table</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITRAT2_3</td>
<td><strong>second phaseout rate for the state earned income tax credit
for filers with three qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.25014e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514 Instructions, p. 23, Earned Income Tax Credit
Table</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITMAX0</td>
<td><strong>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with no
qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>285.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITMAX1</td>
<td><strong>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with one
qualifying child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1900.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITMAX2</td>
<td><strong>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with two
qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3137.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EITMAX3</td>
<td><strong>maximum state earned income tax credit for filers with three
qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3529.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/about-ftb/newsroom/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>YCTCCUT</td>
<td><strong>state earned income threshold for the young child tax credit
phaseout</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25775.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514, Line 24</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>YCTCAMT</td>
<td><strong>young child tax credit for filers with state earned income
under the threshold</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1117.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 3514, Line 24</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>YCTCPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage reduction for the young child tax credit over the
state earned income threshold</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.2166</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form FTB 3514, Line 26 and 27</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CUTOFF1</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 10412 24684 38959 54081 68350 349137 418961 698271
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule X</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CUTOFF2</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 20824 49368 77918 108162 136700 698274 837922 1396542
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule Y</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CUTOFF4</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 20839 49371 63644 78765 93037 474824 569790 949649
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule Z</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TAXRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.093 0.103 0.113
0.123</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Booklet, p. 75, Schedule X</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CACCCPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentages to calculate the credit for child and dependent
care expenses</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.25
0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 7</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CACCCCUT</td>
<td><strong>federal AGI thresholds to determine percentage for the
credit for child and dependent care expenses</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000 27000 29000 31000
33000 35000 37000 39000 41000 43000 100000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form FTB 3506 Instructions, p. 4, Line 7</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>YCTCAGILIM</td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI for the young child tax credit when state earned
income is zero or less</strong></td>
<td>30950.0</td>
<td><strong>Form 3514, Line 23b</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>YCTCLOSSLIM</td>
<td><strong>maximum net loss for the young child tax credit when state
earned income is zero or less</strong></td>
<td>33497.0</td>
<td><strong>Form 3514, Line 23b</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CAEITINV</td>
<td><strong>maximum investment income to qualify for the state EITC and
YCTC</strong></td>
<td>4525.0</td>
<td>Form 3514 Instructions, Step 2, Worksheet 1, Line 13</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-8">CO</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Colorado State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COMAXPEN1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum allowable pension and annuity subtraction for filers
age 65 or older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>24000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104 Booklet, p. 12, DR104AD Instructions, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COMAXPEN2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum allowable pension and annuity subtraction for filers
age 55 to 64</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104 Booklet, p. 12, DR104AD Instructions, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCHRTYADJ</strong></td>
<td><strong>state adjustment to charitable contribution
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104 Booklet, p. 14, Form DR104AD Instructions, Line 12,
Worksheet Line d</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCCCPCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first allowable percentage of the federal credit for the
state child care expenses credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Form DR0347, Part III, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCCCCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first federal AGI threshold for the state child care
expenses credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>60000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form DR0347, Part III</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COLWINCPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage used in calculation of the low-income child care
expenses credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td>Form DR0347, Part IV, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COLWINCCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum low-income child care expenses credit for filers
with one qualifying child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form DR0347, Part IV, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COLWINCCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum low-income child care expenses credit for filers
with two or more qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form DR0347, Part IV, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COLWINCCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the low-income child
care expenses credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form DR0347, Part IV</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COEITRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit allowed
as a state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104CR, Part I, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COTAXRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rate for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.4e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104 Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COAMTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>alternative minimum tax rate</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.47e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104AMT, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COMIL</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum military retirement subtraction for filers age 54 or
younger</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104 Instructions, p.13, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COSSBEN</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum social security benefiit subtraction (for joint
filers, both the head and spouse can claim this amount)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104 Instructions, p. 12, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SALETAXAMT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>state sales tax refund for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104, Line 34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SALETAXAMT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>state sales tax refund for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104, Line 34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCTCCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the state child tax
credit for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCTCCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the state child tax
credit for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>85000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COFEDCTC</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount per child for the calculation of the child tax
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COSTATCAP</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount per child for the calculation of the statutory cap
for the child tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COERNINC</strong></td>
<td><strong>earned income cap</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COERNINCPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of the excess earned income over the
cap</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.15</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCTC3KIDS</strong></td>
<td><strong>statutory cap for three or more eligible
children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 104CN, Section D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCTCCUT11</strong></td>
<td><strong>first federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for
single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>25000.0</td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCTCCUT12</strong></td>
<td><strong>second federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for
single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>50000.0</td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCTCCUT21</strong></td>
<td><strong>first federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td>35000.0</td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCTCCUT22</strong></td>
<td><strong>second federal AGI threshold for the child tax credit for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td>60000.0</td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCTCPCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first percentage for the child tax credit</strong></td>
<td>0.6</td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCTCPCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second percentage for the child tax credit</strong></td>
<td>0.3</td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COCTCPCT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>third percentage for the child tax credit</strong></td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>Form 104CN, Line 21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COFEDADDINC</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which filers may need to add back itemized
or standard deductions</strong></td>
<td>300000.0</td>
<td>Form 104 Booklet, p. 6, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COFEDADD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount subtracted from the federal itemized or standard
deductions addback for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>12000.0</td>
<td>Form 104 Booklet, p. 6, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>COFEDADD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount subtracted from the federal itemized or standard
deductions addback for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>16000.0</td>
<td>Form 104 Booklet, p. 6, Line 4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-9">CT</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Connecticut State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INIT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>initial amount of personal exemptions for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INIT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>initial amount of personal exemptions for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>24000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INIT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>initial amount of personal exemptions for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>19000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCS1</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI at which personal exemptions begin to decrease for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCS2</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI at which personal exemptions begin to decrease for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>48000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCS4</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI at which personal exemptions begin to decrease for
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>38000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCE1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to be eligible for some personal exemption
for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>44000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCE2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to be eligible for some personal exemption
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>71000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCE4</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to be eligible for some personal exemption
for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>56000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCREM</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI increments to reduce personal
exemptions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 19, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FINIS1</strong></td>
<td><strong>lower threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal
tax credits for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FINIS2</strong></td>
<td><strong>lower threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal
tax credits for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>24000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FINIS4</strong></td>
<td><strong>lower threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal
tax credits for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>19000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FINIE1</strong></td>
<td><strong>higher threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal
tax credits for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>18800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FINIE2</strong></td>
<td><strong>higher threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal
tax credits for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FINIE4</strong></td>
<td><strong>higher threshold of initial state AGI bracket for personal
tax credits for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>24000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CINCREM</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI increments to change personal tax credit
rate</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CRAT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first change for the personal tax credit decimal
amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CRAT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second change for the personal tax credit decimal
amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INITCR1</strong></td>
<td><strong>initial personal tax credit decimal amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.75</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INITCR2</strong></td>
<td><strong>decimal amount at which the difference for each increment
changes from CRAT1 to CRAT2 for the personal tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.14</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>OFFSET1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first subtraction amount required for personal tax credit
decimal amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>OFFSET2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second subtraction amount required for personal tax credit
decimal amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TCUTCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 10000 50000 100000 200000 250000 500000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TCUTCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 20000 100000 200000 400000 500000 1000000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TCUTCT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 16000 80000 160000 320000 400000 800000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TAXRATCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.03 0.05 0.055 0.06 0.065 0.069
0.0699</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 20, Table B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CTPHSEST</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum state AGI to be required to add the 3% tax rate
phase-out add-back for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>56500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PHCUTCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income brackets for 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>56500 61500 66500 71500 76500 81500 86500 91500 96500
101500 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PHCUTCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income brackets for 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100500 105500 110500 115500 120500 125500 130500 135500
140500 145500 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PHCUTCT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>income brackets for 3% tax rate phase-out add-back for head
of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>78500 82500 86500 90500 94500 98500 102500 106500 110500
114500 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PHOUTCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>phase-out add-back for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PHOUTCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>phase-out add-back for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360
400</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PHOUTCT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>phase-out add-back for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 256 288
320</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 21, Table C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPST1</strong></td>
<td><strong>initial state AGI cutoff for tax recapture for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPST2</strong></td>
<td><strong>initial state AGI cutoff for tax recapture for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>400000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPST4</strong></td>
<td><strong>initial state AGI cutoff for tax recapture for head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>320000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI bracket increments for tax recapture for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI bracket increments for tax recapture for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPCT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI bracket increments for tax recapture for head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPAD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first tax recapture increments for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>90.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPAD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>first tax recapture increments for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>180.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPAD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>first tax recapture increments for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>140.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPMD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>midpoint state AGI cutoff for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>345000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPMD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>midpoint state AGI cutoff for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>690000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPMD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>midpoint state AGI cutoff for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>552000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPED1</strong></td>
<td><strong>second midpoint state AGI cutoff for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second midpoint state AGI cutoff for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPED4</strong></td>
<td><strong>second midpoint state AGI cutoff for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>800000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPSD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>second tax recapture increments for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPSD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second tax recapture increments for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPSD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>second tax recapture increments for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>80.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPML1</strong></td>
<td><strong>midpoint tax recapture for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPML2</strong></td>
<td><strong>midpoint tax recapture for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPML4</strong></td>
<td><strong>midpoint tax recapture for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPMX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum tax recapture for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3150.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPMX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum tax recapture for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6300.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TXRCPMX4</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum tax recapture for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4920.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 22, Table D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SSCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum amount of social security tax exempt for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 24, Line 41</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SSCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum amount of social security tax exempt for joint and
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 24, Line 41</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SSTAXRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of social security taxable if over
maximum</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 24, Line 41 (Line D of worksheet)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.4</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 3, Line 20A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CTTCINCR</strong></td>
<td><strong>number of the income bracket where the personal tax credit
moves from the first increment change to the second increment change
(currently the same for all filing statuses, but will need to adjust if
this changes)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CTTC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal tax credit brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>19300 19800 20300 20800 21300 21800 22300 25000 25500
26000 26500 31300 31800 32300 32800 33300 60000 60500 61000 61500 62000
62500 63000 63500 64000 64500</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CTTC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal tax credit brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30500 31000 31500 32000 32500 33000 33500 40000 40500
41000 41500 50000 50500 51000 51500 52000 96000 96500 97000 97500 98000
98500 99000 99500 100000 100500</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CTTC4</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal tax credit brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>24500 25000 25500 26000 26500 27000 27500 34000 34500
35000 35500 44000 44500 45000 45500 46000 74000 74500 75000 75500 76000
76500 77000 77500 78000 78500</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 23, Table E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CTPENRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of pension and annuity income allowed to be
deducted for state AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 10, Subtraction Modification of Pension and
Annuity Income and Line 48b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CTPENLIM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI limit to deduct pension and annuity income for
single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 10, Subtraction Modification of Pension and
Annuity Income and Line 48b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CTPENLIM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI limit to deduct pension and annuity income for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>CT-1040 Instructions, p. 10, Subtraction Modification of Pension and
Annuity Income and Line 48b</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-10">DE</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Delaware State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENEXU60</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum pension exclusion for individuals under age
60</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 6, Line 6</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENEXO60</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum pension exclusion for individuals age 60 and
over</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12500.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 6, Line 6</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXEARN1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum earned income for joint filers to qualify for
exclusion for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXEARN2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum earned income for single filers to qualify for
exclusion for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2500.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXINC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income for joint filers to qualify for exclusion for
individuals age 60 and over or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXINC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income for single filers to qualify for exclusion
for individuals age 60 and over or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DISEX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>exclusion amount for individuals age 60 and over or disabled
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DISEX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>exclusion amount for individuals age 60 and over or disabled
for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 7, Line 11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD1</strong></td>
<td>initial standard deduction for single and head of household
filers</td>
<td><em><strong>3250.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 19a</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD2</strong></td>
<td>initial standard deduction for joint filers</td>
<td><em><strong>6500.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 19a</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD3</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional standard deduction for individuals over 65 years
old</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2500.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 20</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PCAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal credit and additional personal credit
amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>110.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 8, Line 26a</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit
allowed as a state child care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 9, Line 30</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCC</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state child care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, Line 30, pg 10</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>percent of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state earned income tax credit (non-refundable)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 10, Line 33</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRATE2</strong></td>
<td><strong>percent of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state earned income tax credit (refundable)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.5e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-RES Instructions, p. 10, Line 33</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TCUTDEL</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 2000 5000 10000 20000 25000 60000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>https://revenue.delaware.gov/software-developer/tax-rate-changes/</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TAXRATDE</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0 0.022 0.039 0.048 0.052 0.0555
0.066</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>https://revenue.delaware.gov/software-developer/tax-rate-changes/</strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-11">DC</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>DC State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DCSTD1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td>13850.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DCSTD2</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>27700.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DCSTD4</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>20800.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DC65STD1</td>
<td><strong>additional standard deduction for filers 65 years or older
for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>1850.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DC65STD2</td>
<td><strong>additional standard deduction for filers 65 years or older
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>1500.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DCITMCUT</td>
<td><strong>maximum district AGI for full itemized
deduction</strong></td>
<td>200000.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 17, Calculation F, Line f</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DCITMPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of district AGI to reduce itemized deductions for
filers with district AGI above DCITMCUT</strong></td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 17, Calculation F, Line I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCCPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit
allowed as a district child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td>0.32</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 18, Line 21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
district earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td>0.7</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICTOP</td>
<td><strong>maximum earned income or federal AGI for filers without a
qualifying child for the district earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td>28963.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Note for Section
C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICCUT</td>
<td><strong>minimum earned income to claim the full amount of the earned
income tax credit for filers without a qualifying child</strong></td>
<td>7843.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 2 of Section
C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICMAX</td>
<td><strong>maximum earned income tax credit for filers without a
qualifying child</strong></td>
<td>600.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 2 of Section
C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICPCT2</td>
<td><strong>percentage of earned income to determine earned income tax
credit for filers without a qualifying child</strong></td>
<td>7.65e-2</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 2 of Section
C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICTST</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI or earned income before reduction in
earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying
child</strong></td>
<td>21888.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 5 of Section
C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICPCT3</td>
<td><strong>percentage to calculate reduction in earned income tax
credit for filers without a qualifying child</strong></td>
<td>8.48e-2</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, p. 23, EITC Worksheet from Line 7 of Section
C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXDIS</td>
<td><strong>amount used to reduce excludable disability
income</strong></td>
<td>15000.0</td>
<td>Form D-2440 Instructions, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DIS100</td>
<td><strong>maximum yearly disability income exclusion (mutliply weekly
amount by 52 weeks)</strong></td>
<td>5200.0</td>
<td>Form D-2440 Instructions, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DCTXCUT</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets</strong></td>
<td>0 10000 40000 60000 250000 500000 1000000 100000000</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, Reminders, p. 3. Also, refer to
https://otr.cfo.dc.gov/page/dc-individual-and-fiduciary-income-tax-rates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DCTXRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td>0 0.040 0.060 0.065 0.085 0.0925 0.0975 .1075</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, Reminders, p. 3. Also, refer to
https://otr.cfo.dc.gov/page/dc-individual-and-fiduciary-income-tax-rates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DCDISEX</td>
<td><strong>maximum income exclusion for filers totally and permanently
disabled</strong></td>
<td>10000.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, Schedule I, Line 7a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DCDISLIM</td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI for income exclusion for filers totally and
permanently disabled</strong></td>
<td>100000.0</td>
<td>Form D-40 Instructions, Schedule I, Line 7a</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-12">GA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Georgia State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDDED1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single or head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 11, Form 500 Instructions, Line 11a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDDED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7100.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 11, Form 500 Instructions, Line 11a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGEDED</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional standard deduction for filers age 65 and
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1300.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 11, Form 500 Instructions, Line 11a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXEMP1</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 12, Form 500 Instructions, Line 14a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXEMP1A</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 12, Form 500 Instructions, Line 14a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXEMP2</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption for each dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 12, Form 500 Instructions, Line 14a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEN</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum retirement income exclusion for filers either 62 to
64 years old or less than 62 years old and permanently
disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>35000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 14-15, Schedule 1 Subtractions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEN65</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum retirement income exclusion for filers age 65 and
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>65000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 15, Schedule 1 Subtractions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXEARN</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum amount of retirement income exclusion that can be
earned income</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 15, Schedule 1 Subtractions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXAGI</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI allowed to claim the low income
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CR1</strong></td>
<td><strong>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the lowest
bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>26.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CR2</strong></td>
<td><strong>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the second
bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CR3</strong></td>
<td><strong>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the third
bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CR4</strong></td>
<td><strong>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the fourth
bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CR5</strong></td>
<td><strong>low income credit for filers with federal AGI in the highest
bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LOWCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the lowest bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LOWCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the second bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LOWCUT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the third bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LOWCUT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the fourth bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LOWCUT5</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the highest bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 25, Low Income Credit Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>percent of federal child and dependent care credit allowed
as a state child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.3</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, Form IND-CR 202, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>GACUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 750 2250 3750 5250 7000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 59, Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>GACUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 1000 3000 5000 7000 10000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 59, Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>GATRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.0575</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, p. 59, Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>GAMILRETEARN</strong></td>
<td><strong>taxable military retirement income cutoff to receive the
maximum military retirement income exclusion</strong></td>
<td>17501.0</td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, Schedule 1 p. 3, between Line 3 and 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>GAMILRETAMT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>military retirement income exclusion amount if earnings are
below GAMILRETEARN</strong></td>
<td>17500.0</td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, Schedule 1 p. 3, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>GAMILRETMAX</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional military retirement income
exclusion</strong></td>
<td>35000.0</td>
<td>IT-511 Booklet, Schedule 1 p. 3, Line 7</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-13">HI</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Hawaii State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 23</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 23</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD3</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3212.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 23</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HIITMLIM</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI amount above which itemized deductions are
limited</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>166800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 19, Line 22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HIITMPCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.8</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 32, Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet
Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HIITMPCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instruction, p. 32, Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet
Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HIITMST1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim deduction for state and local
taxes for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 16, Line 21b, Taxes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HIITMST2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim deduction for state and local
taxes for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 16, Line 21b, Taxes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HIITMST4</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim deduction for state and local
taxes for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>150000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 16, Line 21b, Taxes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEREXAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption for each exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1144.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DISEXAMT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled for one
individual of any filing status (cannot claim regular
exemptions)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DISEXAMT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled with a spouse
who is not disabled and under 65 (cannot claim regular
exemptions)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8144.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DISEXAMT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled with a spouse
who is not disabled and over 65 (cannot claim regular
exemptions)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9288.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DISEXAMT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption for blind, deaf, or totally disabled for joint
filers who are both disabled (cannot claim regular
exemptions)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 20, Line 25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXLCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable food/excise tax
credit for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 21, Line 28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXLCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable food/excise tax
credit for joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>60000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 21, Line 29</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXEXPC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum child care expenses that can be claimed for the
child and dependent care expense credit for one qualifying
child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule X, Part II, Section B, Line 17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXEXPC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum child care expenses that can be claimed for the
child and dependent care expense credit for two or more qualifying
children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule X, Part II, Section B, Line 17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT11</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the lowest bracket for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>220.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT12</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the second bracket for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT13</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the third bracket for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>170.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT14</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the fourth bracket for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>140.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT15</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the highest bracket for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>110.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICUT11</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the lowest bracket for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICUT12</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the second bracket for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICUT13</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the third bracket for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICUT14</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the fourth bracket for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT21</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the lowest bracket for joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>220.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT22</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the second bracket for joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT23</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the third bracket for joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>170.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT24</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the fourth bracket for joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>140.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT25</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the fifth bracket for joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>110.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT26</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the sixth bracket for joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>90.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICAMT27</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable food/excise tax credit amount for federal AGIs in
the highest bracket for joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>70.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICUT21</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the lowest bracket for joint and
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICUT22</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the second bracket for joint and
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICUT23</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the third bracket for joint and
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICUT24</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the fourth bracket for joint and
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICUT25</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the fifth bracket for joint and
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LICUT26</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for the sixth bracket for joint and
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N-311, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXRCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to claim low-income household renters
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 21, Line 29</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LIRAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount for each exemption for the credit for low-income
household renters</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule X, Part I, Line 12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.4</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule CR, p. 5, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HITCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 2400 4800 9600 14400 19200 24000 36000 48000 150000
175000 200000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 36, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HITCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 4800 9600 19200 28800 38400 48000 72000 96000 300000
350000 400000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 36, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule II</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HITCUT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 3600 7200 14400 21600 28800 36000 54000 72000 225000
262500 300000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 36, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule III</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HITRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.014 0.032 0.055 0.064 0.068 0.072 0.076 0.079
0.0825 0.09 0.10 0.11</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 42, 2020 Tax Rate Schedule I, II, and
III</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HICCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI thresholds to determine child and dependent care
expense credit percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 50000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Schedule X, Part II, Section C, Line 27</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HICRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentages for the child and dependent care expense
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20 0.15</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Schedule X, Part II, Section C, Line 27</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HIMOOPRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of
state AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7.5e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form N11 Instructions, p. 15, Line 21a</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-14">ID</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Idaho State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, Line 16 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>27700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, Line 16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, Line 16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ADDSTD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional standard deduction for single or head of
household filers over 65 years old and/or blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 9, Line 17 Standard
Deduction Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ADDSTD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional standard deduction for joint filers over 65 years
old and/or blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 9, Line 17 Standard
Deduction Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum child care expense deduction allowed for one
dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 30, Line 6, Child
and Dependent Care Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum child care expense deduction allowed for two or more
dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 30, Line 6, Child
and Dependent Care Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>GRCRD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount of grocery credit for filers with income over
$1,000</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>120.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 2, What's New for
2023 and p. 11, Line 43</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>GRCRD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount of grocery credit for filers with income under
$1,000</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>120.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 2, What's New for
2023 and p. 11, Line 43</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>GRCRD65</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional credit amount for heads or spouses age 65 or
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 11, Line 43</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEN1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum allowable retirement benefits deduction for single
and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>43524.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 39R, Part B, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEN2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum allowable retirement benefits deduction for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>65286.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 39R, Part B, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IDCTC</strong></td>
<td><strong>child tax credit amount per qualifying child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>205.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions, p. 10, Form 40, Line
25, Worksheet Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IDTCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 4489 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual income tax rate schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IDTCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 8978 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual income tax rate schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IDTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0 0.058</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual income tax rate schedule</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-15">IL</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Illinois State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PERSEX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2425.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PERSEX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption amount for people 65 years and
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXLIM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for personal exemption amount for single
and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>250000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10d</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXLIM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for personal exemption amount for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IL-1040 Instructions, p. 8, Step 4, Line 10d</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as
a state credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.2</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule IL-E/EIC, Step 4, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ILTAXRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rate for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.95e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IL-1040, Step 5, Line 12</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-16">IN</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Indiana State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 24, Schedule 3, Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ADDKIDX</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption for each dependent child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 26, Additional Dependent Exemptions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ADDKIDXFIRST</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption for dependent children in the first
taxable year in which the exemption is allowable for the
child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 26, Additional Dependent Exemptions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ADEXAMT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption for persons aged 65 or
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 25, Schedule 3, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ADEXAMT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption for persons aged 65 or older with
federal AGI under maximum</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 25, Schedule 3, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXAGIX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for additional exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 25, Schedule 3, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXUAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the unified tax
credit for the elderly</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXMIL</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum military service income deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 18, Schedule 2, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MILPNADD</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional percentage of military retirement income
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 22, Schedule 2, Line 11, Deduction 632</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXFEDR</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum amount of civil service annuity
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Schedule 2, Line 11, Deduction 601</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCUC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>unemployment insurance compensation amount for single and
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line
3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCUC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>unemployment insurance compensation amount for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>18000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line
3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>UIRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>unemployment insurance compensation rate applied to federal
AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 19, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet, Line
5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as
a state credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 3 and p. 31, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXDIS</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for disability deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-2440, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DIS100</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum weekly disability payments multiplied by 52
weeks</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-2440, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INTAXRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rate for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.15e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CNTTAXRT</strong></td>
<td><strong>population-weighted average county income tax rate (local
income tax rate varies by county)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.711e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule CT-40, County Tax Schedule (refer to the "IN local" sheet
for calculation)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INUNCCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI brackets for unified tax credit for the elderly
for joint filers, both 65 years and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000 3000 10000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 5, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INUNCAM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>credit amounts for unified tax credit for the elderly for
joint filers, both 65 years and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>140 90 80</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 5, Table A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INUNCCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI brackets for unified tax credit for the elderly
for single or head of household filers 65 years and older or joint
filers with only one 65 years and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000 3000 10000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 4, Table B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INUNCAM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>credit amounts for unified tax credit for the elderly for
single or head of household filers 65 years and older or joint filers
with only one 65 years and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100 50 40</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-40 Booklet, p. 30, Schedule 5, Line 4, Table B</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-17">IN local</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Calculation of Population-Weighted Average Local Income Tax Rate in
Indiana</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>County Code</td>
<td>County Name</td>
<td>2023 County Resident Rate</td>
<td>2023 Population Count</td>
<td>2023 Weighted Average</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1.0</td>
<td>Adams</td>
<td>1.618e-2</td>
<td>35544.0</td>
<td>575.10192</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2.0</td>
<td>Allen</td>
<td>1.48e-2</td>
<td>375520.0</td>
<td>5557.696</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3.0</td>
<td>Bartholomew</td>
<td>1.75e-2</td>
<td>83280.0</td>
<td>1457.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>Benton</td>
<td>1.79e-2</td>
<td>8695.0</td>
<td>155.6405</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5.0</td>
<td>Blackford</td>
<td>1.5e-2</td>
<td>11926.0</td>
<td>178.89</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6.0</td>
<td>Boone</td>
<td>1.7e-2</td>
<td>66875.0</td>
<td>1136.875</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7.0</td>
<td>Brown</td>
<td>2.5234e-2</td>
<td>15093.0</td>
<td>380.856762</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8.0</td>
<td>Carroll</td>
<td>2.2733e-2</td>
<td>20137.0</td>
<td>457.774421</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>9.0</td>
<td>Cass</td>
<td>2.95e-2</td>
<td>37727.0</td>
<td>1112.9465</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10.0</td>
<td>Clark</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>117410.0</td>
<td>2348.2000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11.0</td>
<td>Clay</td>
<td>2.35e-2</td>
<td>26231.0</td>
<td>616.4285</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12.0</td>
<td>Clinton</td>
<td>2.5e-2</td>
<td>32186.0</td>
<td>804.6500000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13.0</td>
<td>Crawford</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>10582.0</td>
<td>105.82000000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14.0</td>
<td>Daviess</td>
<td>1.5e-2</td>
<td>33277.0</td>
<td>499.155</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>15.0</td>
<td>Dearborn</td>
<td>1.25e-2</td>
<td>49612.0</td>
<td>620.1500000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16.0</td>
<td>Decatur</td>
<td>2.5e-2</td>
<td>26587.0</td>
<td>664.6750000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>17.0</td>
<td>DeKalb</td>
<td>2.13e-2</td>
<td>43193.0</td>
<td>920.0109</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18.0</td>
<td>Delaware</td>
<td>1.5e-2</td>
<td>114461.0</td>
<td>1716.915</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19.0</td>
<td>Dubois</td>
<td>1.2e-2</td>
<td>42534.0</td>
<td>510.408</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20.0</td>
<td>Elkhart</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>205184.0</td>
<td>4103.68</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21.0</td>
<td>Fayette</td>
<td>2.57e-2</td>
<td>23068.0</td>
<td>592.8476</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>22.0</td>
<td>Floyd</td>
<td>1.35e-2</td>
<td>77879.0</td>
<td>1051.3665</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>23.0</td>
<td>Fountain</td>
<td>2.1e-2</td>
<td>16456.0</td>
<td>345.576</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>24.0</td>
<td>Franklin</td>
<td>1.5e-2</td>
<td>22750.0</td>
<td>341.25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>Fulton</td>
<td>2.68e-2</td>
<td>20069.0</td>
<td>537.8492</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26.0</td>
<td>Gibson</td>
<td>9.0e-3</td>
<td>33711.0</td>
<td>303.399</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27.0</td>
<td>Grant</td>
<td>2.55e-2</td>
<td>66055.0</td>
<td>1684.4025</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>28.0</td>
<td>Greene</td>
<td>2.15e-2</td>
<td>32174.0</td>
<td>691.741</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>29.0</td>
<td>Hamilton</td>
<td>1.1e-2</td>
<td>330455.0</td>
<td>3635.0049999999997</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30.0</td>
<td>Hancock</td>
<td>1.94e-2</td>
<td>76614.0</td>
<td>1486.3116</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31.0</td>
<td>Harrison</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>40164.0</td>
<td>401.64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>32.0</td>
<td>Hendricks</td>
<td>1.7e-2</td>
<td>166806.0</td>
<td>2835.702</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>33.0</td>
<td>Henry</td>
<td>1.725e-2</td>
<td>48158.0</td>
<td>830.7255000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>34.0</td>
<td>Howard</td>
<td>1.75e-2</td>
<td>82486.0</td>
<td>1443.505</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>35.0</td>
<td>Huntington</td>
<td>1.95e-2</td>
<td>36351.0</td>
<td>708.8445</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>36.0</td>
<td>Jackson</td>
<td>2.1e-2</td>
<td>44077.0</td>
<td>925.6170000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>37.0</td>
<td>Jasper</td>
<td>2.864e-2</td>
<td>33433.0</td>
<td>957.52112</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>38.0</td>
<td>Jay</td>
<td>2.45e-2</td>
<td>20697.0</td>
<td>507.0765</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>39.0</td>
<td>Jefferson</td>
<td>9.0e-3</td>
<td>32167.0</td>
<td>289.503</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>40.0</td>
<td>Jennings</td>
<td>2.5e-2</td>
<td>27639.0</td>
<td>690.975</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>41.0</td>
<td>Johnson</td>
<td>1.4e-2</td>
<td>156148.0</td>
<td>2186.072</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>42.0</td>
<td>Knox</td>
<td>1.7e-2</td>
<td>36833.0</td>
<td>626.1610000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>43.0</td>
<td>Kosciusko</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>79156.0</td>
<td>791.5600000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>44.0</td>
<td>LaGrange</td>
<td>1.65e-2</td>
<td>39537.0</td>
<td>652.3605</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>45.0</td>
<td>Lake</td>
<td>1.5e-2</td>
<td>485983.0</td>
<td>7289.745</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>46.0</td>
<td>LaPorte</td>
<td>1.45e-2</td>
<td>110026.0</td>
<td>1595.3770000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>47.0</td>
<td>Lawrence</td>
<td>1.75e-2</td>
<td>45552.0</td>
<td>797.1600000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>48.0</td>
<td>Madison</td>
<td>2.25e-2</td>
<td>129486.0</td>
<td>2913.435</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>49.0</td>
<td>Marion</td>
<td>2.02e-2</td>
<td>957337.0</td>
<td>19338.2074</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>50.0</td>
<td>Marshall</td>
<td>1.25e-2</td>
<td>46336.0</td>
<td>579.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>51.0</td>
<td>Martin</td>
<td>2.5e-2</td>
<td>10169.0</td>
<td>254.22500000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>52.0</td>
<td>Miami</td>
<td>2.54e-2</td>
<td>35684.0</td>
<td>906.3736</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>53.0</td>
<td>Monroe</td>
<td>2.035e-2</td>
<td>147318.0</td>
<td>2997.9213</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>54.0</td>
<td>Montgomery</td>
<td>2.65e-2</td>
<td>38295.0</td>
<td>1014.8175</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>55.0</td>
<td>Morgan</td>
<td>2.72e-2</td>
<td>70141.0</td>
<td>1907.8352</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>56.0</td>
<td>Newton</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>13981.0</td>
<td>139.81</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>57.0</td>
<td>Noble</td>
<td>1.75e-2</td>
<td>47640.0</td>
<td>833.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>58.0</td>
<td>Ohio</td>
<td>1.5e-2</td>
<td>5890.0</td>
<td>88.35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>59.0</td>
<td>Orange</td>
<td>1.75e-2</td>
<td>19552.0</td>
<td>342.16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>60.0</td>
<td>Owen</td>
<td>2.5e-2</td>
<td>20854.0</td>
<td>521.35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>61.0</td>
<td>Parke</td>
<td>2.65e-2</td>
<td>16912.0</td>
<td>448.168</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>62.0</td>
<td>Perry</td>
<td>1.4e-2</td>
<td>19091.0</td>
<td>267.274</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>63.0</td>
<td>Pike</td>
<td>7.5e-3</td>
<td>12364.0</td>
<td>92.72999999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>64.0</td>
<td>Porter</td>
<td>5.0e-3</td>
<td>169482.0</td>
<td>847.41</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>65.0</td>
<td>Posey</td>
<td>1.25e-2</td>
<td>25480.0</td>
<td>318.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>66.0</td>
<td>Pulaski</td>
<td>2.85e-2</td>
<td>12482.0</td>
<td>355.737</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>67.0</td>
<td>Putnam</td>
<td>2.1e-2</td>
<td>37419.0</td>
<td>785.7990000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>68.0</td>
<td>Randolph</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>24694.0</td>
<td>740.8199999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>69.0</td>
<td>Ripley</td>
<td>1.38e-2</td>
<td>28457.0</td>
<td>392.7066</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>70.0</td>
<td>Rush</td>
<td>2.1e-2</td>
<td>16632.0</td>
<td>349.27200000000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>71.0</td>
<td>St. Joseph</td>
<td>1.75e-2</td>
<td>270881.0</td>
<td>4740.4175000000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>72.0</td>
<td>Scott</td>
<td>2.16e-2</td>
<td>23785.0</td>
<td>513.756</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>73.0</td>
<td>Shelby</td>
<td>1.6e-2</td>
<td>44559.0</td>
<td>712.944</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>74.0</td>
<td>Spencer</td>
<td>8.0e-3</td>
<td>20364.0</td>
<td>162.912</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>75.0</td>
<td>Starke</td>
<td>1.71e-2</td>
<td>22996.0</td>
<td>393.2316</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>76.0</td>
<td>Steuben</td>
<td>1.79e-2</td>
<td>34591.0</td>
<td>619.1789</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>77.0</td>
<td>Sullivan</td>
<td>1.7e-2</td>
<td>20647.0</td>
<td>350.999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>78.0</td>
<td>Switzerland</td>
<td>1.25e-2</td>
<td>10727.0</td>
<td>134.0875</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>79.0</td>
<td>Tippecanoe</td>
<td>1.28e-2</td>
<td>193302.0</td>
<td>2474.2656</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>80.0</td>
<td>Tipton</td>
<td>2.6e-2</td>
<td>15154.0</td>
<td>394.00399999999996</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>81.0</td>
<td>Union</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>7140.0</td>
<td>142.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>82.0</td>
<td>Vanderburgh</td>
<td>1.2125e-2</td>
<td>181548.0</td>
<td>2201.2695</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>83.0</td>
<td>Vermillion</td>
<td>1.5e-2</td>
<td>15485.0</td>
<td>232.27499999999998</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>84.0</td>
<td>Vigo</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>107305.0</td>
<td>2146.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>85.0</td>
<td>Wabash</td>
<td>2.9e-2</td>
<td>31198.0</td>
<td>904.7420000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>86.0</td>
<td>Warren</td>
<td>2.12e-2</td>
<td>8219.0</td>
<td>174.2428</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>87.0</td>
<td>Warrick</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>62608.0</td>
<td>626.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>88.0</td>
<td>Washington</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>27942.0</td>
<td>558.84</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>89.0</td>
<td>Wayne</td>
<td>1.25e-2</td>
<td>66176.0</td>
<td>827.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>90.0</td>
<td>Wells</td>
<td>2.1e-2</td>
<td>28010.0</td>
<td>588.21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>91.0</td>
<td>White</td>
<td>2.32e-2</td>
<td>24163.0</td>
<td>560.5816</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>92.0</td>
<td>Whitley</td>
<td>1.6829e-2</td>
<td>33899.0</td>
<td>570.486271</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mean</td>
<td></td>
<td>1.8360228260869554e-2</td>
<td></td>
<td>1.7110470765174243e-2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Median</td>
<td></td>
<td>1.75e-2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minimum</td>
<td></td>
<td>5.0e-3</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum</td>
<td></td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-18">IA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Iowa State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXCRAMT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 8, Step 3a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXCRAMT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional personal exemption credit for age 65 or older or
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 9, Step 3a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MINFEDD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a
single filer</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MINFEDD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a
joint or head of household filer</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MINFOLD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a
single filer age 65 or older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>24000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MINFOLD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum state taxable income to be required to file as a
joint or head of household filer age 65 or older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>32000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 5, Who Must File?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IADISAG1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for disability exclusion for single and
head of household filers if retired, under 65 years old, and
disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IA 2440</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IADISAG2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for disability exclusion for joint
filers if both spouses are retired, under 65 years old, and
disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IA 2440</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MXDISINC</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount used to calculation reduction in disability
exclusion</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IA 2440, Line 4b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MXDISAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum yearly disability exclusion (weekly amount
multiplied by 52 weeks)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IA 2440, Line 2a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.15</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 49, Step 6, Line 25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXALTC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount used in calculation of state tax liability for filers
under 65 years old</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p.13, Iowa tax from tax rate schedule
or alternate tax, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXALTC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount used in calculation of state tax liability for filers
age 65 or older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>32000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p.13, Iowa tax from tax rate schedule
or alternate tax, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ALTCADJ</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage used in calculation of state tax
liability</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p.13, Iowa tax from tax rate schedule
or alternate tax, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IATCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets</strong></td>
<td><strong>0 6000 30000 75000 10000000</strong></td>
<td><strong>Tax rates 2023</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IATRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.044 0.0482 0.0570 0.060</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Tax rates 2023</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IACCPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of child care expenses claimable as a credit
based on federal total income brackets for the child and dependent care
credit or early childhood development tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.75 0.65 0.55 0.50 0.40 0.30</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 48, Step 6, Line 24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IACCCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal total income brackets for the child and dependent
care credit or early childhood development tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000 20000 25000 35000 40000 90000</strong></em></td>
<td>IA 1040 Expanded Instructions, p. 48, Step 6, Line 24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>IASDRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>population-weighted average school district income tax
rate</strong></td>
<td>3.009e-2</td>
<td>Iowa surtax rates (refer to the "IA local" sheet for
calculation)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-19">IA local</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Calculation of Population-Weighted Average Local Income Tax Rate in
Iowa</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>District ID</td>
<td>School District Name</td>
<td>2023 Local Surtax</td>
<td>2022 Population Count (from SAIPE)</td>
<td>2023 Weighted Average</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03060</td>
<td>AGWSR Community School District</td>
<td>0.14</td>
<td>4357.0</td>
<td>609.98</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04080</td>
<td>AHSTW Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>4917.0</td>
<td>147.51</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03090</td>
<td>Adair-Casey Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>1972.0</td>
<td>157.76</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03150</td>
<td>Adel-De Soto-Minburn Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>11104.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03220</td>
<td>Akron-Westfield Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>3142.0</td>
<td>125.68</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00031</td>
<td>Albert City-Truesdale Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>1339.0</td>
<td>13.39</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03270</td>
<td>Albia Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>6815.0</td>
<td>204.45</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03300</td>
<td>Alburnett Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>3205.0</td>
<td>96.14999999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00032</td>
<td>Alden Community School District</td>
<td>0.11</td>
<td>1432.0</td>
<td>157.52</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03360</td>
<td>Algona Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>9630.0</td>
<td>577.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03390</td>
<td>Allamakee Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>8425.0</td>
<td>674.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03480</td>
<td>Alta-Aurelia Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>4675.0</td>
<td>420.75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03540</td>
<td>Ames Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>62997.0</td>
<td>1889.9099999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03570</td>
<td>Anamosa Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>9607.0</td>
<td>576.42</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03630</td>
<td>Andrew Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>1552.0</td>
<td>31.04</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03690</td>
<td>Ankeny Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>73778.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03750</td>
<td>Aplington-Parkersburg Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>4552.0</td>
<td>182.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03780</td>
<td>Ar-We-Va Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>1971.0</td>
<td>98.55000000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03930</td>
<td>Atlantic Community School District</td>
<td>0.12</td>
<td>8300.0</td>
<td>996.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03960</td>
<td>Audubon Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>3261.0</td>
<td>260.88</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04440</td>
<td>BCLUW Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>3150.0</td>
<td>157.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04200</td>
<td>Ballard Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>8565.0</td>
<td>171.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04380</td>
<td>Baxter Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>1885.0</td>
<td>169.65</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04560</td>
<td>Bedford Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>3159.0</td>
<td>252.72</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04620</td>
<td>Belle Plaine Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3314.0</td>
<td>66.28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04650</td>
<td>Bellevue Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>4601.0</td>
<td>230.05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04680</td>
<td>Belmond-Klemme Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>4137.0</td>
<td>124.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04740</td>
<td>Bennett Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>1237.0</td>
<td>12.370000000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04830</td>
<td>Benton Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>9319.0</td>
<td>372.76</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04860</td>
<td>Bettendorf Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>23767.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>05070</td>
<td>Bondurant-Farrar Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>10072.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>05130</td>
<td>Boone Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>14228.0</td>
<td>142.28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>05190</td>
<td>Boyden-Hull Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>4403.0</td>
<td>88.06</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>09570</td>
<td>Boyer Valley Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>2528.0</td>
<td>151.68</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>05490</td>
<td>Brooklyn-Guernsey-Malcom Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3308.0</td>
<td>66.16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>05790</td>
<td>Burlington Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>27753.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>05940</td>
<td>CAM Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>2893.0</td>
<td>289.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>05970</td>
<td>Cal Community School District</td>
<td>0.11</td>
<td>1417.0</td>
<td>155.87</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06000</td>
<td>Calamus-Wheatland Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>2389.0</td>
<td>143.34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06060</td>
<td>Camanche Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>5455.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06240</td>
<td>Cardinal Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>3529.0</td>
<td>247.03000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06270</td>
<td>Carlisle Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>9487.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06330</td>
<td>Carroll Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>14342.0</td>
<td>430.26</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06510</td>
<td>Cedar Falls Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>42041.0</td>
<td>420.41</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06540</td>
<td>Cedar Rapids Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>125401.0</td>
<td>6270.05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06660</td>
<td>Center Point-Urbana Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>6191.0</td>
<td>185.73</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06750</td>
<td>Centerville Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>8458.0</td>
<td>422.90000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06780</td>
<td>Central City Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>2746.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06840</td>
<td>Central Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>3135.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06810</td>
<td>Central DeWitt Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>9275.0</td>
<td>649.2500000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06900</td>
<td>Central Decatur Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>3971.0</td>
<td>39.71</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06930</td>
<td>Central Lee Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>4863.0</td>
<td>145.89</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>06960</td>
<td>Central Lyon Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>4595.0</td>
<td>183.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20760</td>
<td>Central Springs Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>5220.0</td>
<td>365.40000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07050</td>
<td>Chariton Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>8186.0</td>
<td>163.72</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07080</td>
<td>Charles City Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>10772.0</td>
<td>754.0400000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07110</td>
<td>Charter Oak-Ute Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>1714.0</td>
<td>34.28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07170</td>
<td>Cherokee Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>6368.0</td>
<td>191.04</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07350</td>
<td>Clarinda Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>7235.0</td>
<td>217.04999999999998</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07380</td>
<td>Clarion-Goldfield-Dows Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>5467.0</td>
<td>437.36</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07410</td>
<td>Clarke Community School District</td>
<td>0.17</td>
<td>8251.0</td>
<td>1402.67</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07440</td>
<td>Clarksville Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>1962.0</td>
<td>58.86</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07470</td>
<td>Clay Central-Everly Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>2190.0</td>
<td>21.900000000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13350</td>
<td>Clayton Ridge Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>4908.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07590</td>
<td>Clear Creek-Amana Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>17652.0</td>
<td>1765.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07620</td>
<td>Clear Lake Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>8306.0</td>
<td>332.24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07710</td>
<td>Clinton Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>23974.0</td>
<td>719.22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00009</td>
<td>Colfax-Mingo Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>4569.0</td>
<td>91.38</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07860</td>
<td>College Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>28826.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07900</td>
<td>Collins-Maxwell Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>2844.0</td>
<td>113.76</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07920</td>
<td>Colo-Nesco Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>3040.0</td>
<td>152.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>07980</td>
<td>Columbus Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>4171.0</td>
<td>417.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08070</td>
<td>Coon Rapids-Bayard Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>2536.0</td>
<td>177.52</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08130</td>
<td>Corning Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>2682.0</td>
<td>187.74</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08220</td>
<td>Council Bluffs Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>58592.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08310</td>
<td>Creston Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>9707.0</td>
<td>776.5600000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08520</td>
<td>Dallas Center-Grimes Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>16218.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08550</td>
<td>Danville Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>2737.0</td>
<td>191.59000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08580</td>
<td>Davenport Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>107709.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08610</td>
<td>Davis County Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>8916.0</td>
<td>89.16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08730</td>
<td>Decorah Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>13091.0</td>
<td>785.4599999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08880</td>
<td>Delwood Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>1145.0</td>
<td>103.05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08910</td>
<td>Denison Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>10119.0</td>
<td>303.57</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08940</td>
<td>Denver Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>4113.0</td>
<td>164.52</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>08970</td>
<td>Des Moines Independent Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>216456.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>09060</td>
<td>Diagonal Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>712.0</td>
<td>56.96</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>09120</td>
<td>Dike-New Hartford Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>4313.0</td>
<td>301.91</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>09480</td>
<td>Dubuque Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>79365.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>09540</td>
<td>Dunkerton Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>2340.0</td>
<td>117.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>09600</td>
<td>Durant Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>2991.0</td>
<td>209.37000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>09990</td>
<td>Eagle Grove Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>4690.0</td>
<td>46.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10050</td>
<td>Earlham Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>3133.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10110</td>
<td>East Buchanan Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>3030.0</td>
<td>212.10000000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00040</td>
<td>East Marshall Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>3715.0</td>
<td>334.34999999999997</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18240</td>
<td>East Mills Community School District</td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td>3243.0</td>
<td>648.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>29580</td>
<td>East Sac County Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>5675.0</td>
<td>56.75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10350</td>
<td>East Union Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>2918.0</td>
<td>291.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10410</td>
<td>Eastern Allamakee Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>2620.0</td>
<td>157.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10130</td>
<td>Easton Valley Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>3705.0</td>
<td>148.20000000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>04950</td>
<td>Eddyville-Blakesburg-Fremont Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>5032.0</td>
<td>251.60000000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10500</td>
<td>Edgewood-Colesburg Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>2984.0</td>
<td>119.36</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10690</td>
<td>Eldora-New Providence Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3741.0</td>
<td>74.82000000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10950</td>
<td>Emmetsburg Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>4640.0</td>
<td>324.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10980</td>
<td>English Valleys Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>2951.0</td>
<td>236.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11040</td>
<td>Essex Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>1194.0</td>
<td>107.46</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11070</td>
<td>Estherville Lincoln Central Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>7406.0</td>
<td>666.54</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11250</td>
<td>Exira-Elk Horn-Kimballton Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>3063.0</td>
<td>153.15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11340</td>
<td>Fairfield Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>14498.0</td>
<td>144.98</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11790</td>
<td>Forest City Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>7463.0</td>
<td>597.04</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11820</td>
<td>Fort Dodge Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>28843.0</td>
<td>576.86</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11850</td>
<td>Fort Madison Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>16122.0</td>
<td>483.65999999999997</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12120</td>
<td>Fremont-Mills Community School District</td>
<td>0.18</td>
<td>2255.0</td>
<td>405.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00060</td>
<td>GMG Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>1695.0</td>
<td>135.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12230</td>
<td>Galva-Holstein Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>2633.0</td>
<td>263.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12330</td>
<td>Garner-Hayfield-Ventura Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>5699.0</td>
<td>113.98</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12480</td>
<td>George-Little Rock Community School District</td>
<td>0.16</td>
<td>2594.0</td>
<td>415.04</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12510</td>
<td>Gilbert Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>8079.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12600</td>
<td>Gilmore City-Bradgate Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>896.0</td>
<td>44.800000000000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12660</td>
<td>Gladbrook-Reinbeck Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3972.0</td>
<td>79.44</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12690</td>
<td>Glenwood Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>10709.0</td>
<td>963.81</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12750</td>
<td>Glidden-Ralston Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>1861.0</td>
<td>18.61</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12810</td>
<td>Graettinger-Terril Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>2279.0</td>
<td>91.16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>15210</td>
<td>Greene County Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>7419.0</td>
<td>667.7099999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13200</td>
<td>Grinnell-Newburg Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>12281.0</td>
<td>245.62</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13230</td>
<td>Griswold Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>3085.0</td>
<td>30.85</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13290</td>
<td>Grundy Center Community School District</td>
<td>6.5e-2</td>
<td>3854.0</td>
<td>250.51000000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13320</td>
<td>Guthrie Center Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>2587.0</td>
<td>181.09</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13380</td>
<td>H-L-V Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>2029.0</td>
<td>40.58</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13440</td>
<td>Hamburg Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>1270.0</td>
<td>50.800000000000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13470</td>
<td>Hampton-Dumont Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>6618.0</td>
<td>198.54</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13500</td>
<td>Harlan Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>8266.0</td>
<td>578.62</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16140</td>
<td>Harris-Lake Park Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>1900.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13660</td>
<td>Hartley-Melvin-Sanborn Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>4415.0</td>
<td>132.45</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14010</td>
<td>Highland Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3951.0</td>
<td>79.02</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14160</td>
<td>Hinton Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>3024.0</td>
<td>211.68</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14280</td>
<td>Howard-Winneshiek Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>9024.0</td>
<td>541.4399999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14310</td>
<td>Hubbard-Radcliffe Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>2685.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14340</td>
<td>Hudson Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3771.0</td>
<td>75.42</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14370</td>
<td>Humboldt Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>7477.0</td>
<td>149.54</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14880</td>
<td>IKM-Manning Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>4292.0</td>
<td>214.60000000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14580</td>
<td>Independence Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>9106.0</td>
<td>546.36</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14640</td>
<td>Indianola Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>21877.0</td>
<td>1093.8500000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14670</td>
<td>Interstate 35 Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>4919.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14700</td>
<td>Iowa City Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>123524.0</td>
<td>4940.96</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14730</td>
<td>Iowa Falls Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>6517.0</td>
<td>456.19000000000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>14850</td>
<td>Iowa Valley Community School District</td>
<td>0.12</td>
<td>3515.0</td>
<td>421.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>15180</td>
<td>Janesville Consolidated School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>2531.0</td>
<td>151.85999999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>15330</td>
<td>Jesup Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>5148.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>15450</td>
<td>Johnston Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>39795.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>15630</td>
<td>Keokuk Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>11617.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>15660</td>
<td>Keota Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>1894.0</td>
<td>56.82</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>15750</td>
<td>Kingsley-Pierson Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>2499.0</td>
<td>99.96000000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>15840</td>
<td>Knoxville Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>11564.0</td>
<td>809.4800000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16110</td>
<td>Lake Mills Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3793.0</td>
<td>75.86</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16320</td>
<td>Lamoni Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>2665.0</td>
<td>133.25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16420</td>
<td>Laurens-Marathon Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>2035.0</td>
<td>203.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16440</td>
<td>Lawton-Bronson Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>3294.0</td>
<td>32.94</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16530</td>
<td>Le Mars Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>14134.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16620</td>
<td>Lenox Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>2226.0</td>
<td>44.52</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16680</td>
<td>Lewis Central Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>16447.0</td>
<td>328.94</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>17220</td>
<td>Linn-Mar Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>42498.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>17250</td>
<td>Lisbon Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3397.0</td>
<td>67.94</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>17460</td>
<td>Logan-Magnolia Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>2987.0</td>
<td>209.09000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>17550</td>
<td>Lone Tree Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>2377.0</td>
<td>190.16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>17820</td>
<td>Louisa-Muscatine Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>3951.0</td>
<td>316.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>17880</td>
<td>Lu Verne Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>1377.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18030</td>
<td>Lynnville-Sully Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>2861.0</td>
<td>171.66</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18120</td>
<td>MFL MarMac Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>5149.0</td>
<td>514.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18840</td>
<td>MOC-Floyd Valley Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>11117.0</td>
<td>222.34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18180</td>
<td>Madrid Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>3856.0</td>
<td>154.24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18330</td>
<td>Manson Northwest Webster Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>3977.0</td>
<td>238.62</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18480</td>
<td>Maple Valley-Anthon Oto Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>3819.0</td>
<td>38.19</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18510</td>
<td>Maquoketa Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>8867.0</td>
<td>709.36</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18540</td>
<td>Maquoketa Valley Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>4633.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18630</td>
<td>Marcus-Meriden-Cleghorn Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>2739.0</td>
<td>219.12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18690</td>
<td>Marion Independent School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>12914.0</td>
<td>516.5600000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18720</td>
<td>Marshalltown Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>30208.0</td>
<td>302.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18750</td>
<td>Martensdale-St. Marys Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>3078.0</td>
<td>30.78</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18780</td>
<td>Mason City Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>27867.0</td>
<td>278.67</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18930</td>
<td>Mediapolis Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>4930.0</td>
<td>345.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>18960</td>
<td>Melcher-Dallas Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>1845.0</td>
<td>18.45</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19140</td>
<td>Mid-Prairie Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>9636.0</td>
<td>867.24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19200</td>
<td>Midland Community School District</td>
<td>0.12</td>
<td>3463.0</td>
<td>415.56</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19440</td>
<td>Missouri Valley Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>5184.0</td>
<td>51.84</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19590</td>
<td>Montezuma Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>3123.0</td>
<td>249.84</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19650</td>
<td>Monticello Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>6659.0</td>
<td>399.53999999999996</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19710</td>
<td>Moravia Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>2095.0</td>
<td>104.75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19740</td>
<td>Mormon Trail Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>1585.0</td>
<td>158.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19770</td>
<td>Morning Sun Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>1178.0</td>
<td>82.46000000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19800</td>
<td>Moulton-Udell Community School District</td>
<td>0.11</td>
<td>1430.0</td>
<td>157.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19860</td>
<td>Mount Ayr Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>3903.0</td>
<td>234.17999999999998</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>19890</td>
<td>Mount Pleasant Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>13490.0</td>
<td>674.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20040</td>
<td>Mount Vernon Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>6517.0</td>
<td>325.85</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20100</td>
<td>Murray Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>1609.0</td>
<td>64.36</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20130</td>
<td>Muscatine Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>29032.0</td>
<td>290.32</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20190</td>
<td>Nashua-Plainfield Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>3757.0</td>
<td>262.99</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20250</td>
<td>Nevada Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>8715.0</td>
<td>435.75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20340</td>
<td>New Hampton Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>6642.0</td>
<td>398.52</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20460</td>
<td>New London Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>3063.0</td>
<td>275.67</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20580</td>
<td>Newell-Fonda Community School District</td>
<td>0.11</td>
<td>2425.0</td>
<td>266.75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20610</td>
<td>Newton Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>21915.0</td>
<td>1534.0500000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13110</td>
<td>Nodaway Valley Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>4269.0</td>
<td>384.21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03450</td>
<td>North Butler Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>3585.0</td>
<td>35.85</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>17100</td>
<td>North Cedar Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>5044.0</td>
<td>504.40000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00006</td>
<td>North Fayette Valley Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>8594.0</td>
<td>687.52</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>05750</td>
<td>North Iowa Community School District</td>
<td>2.5e-2</td>
<td>2909.0</td>
<td>72.72500000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20830</td>
<td>North Kossuth Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>2095.0</td>
<td>104.75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20820</td>
<td>North Linn Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>3464.0</td>
<td>34.64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20850</td>
<td>North Mahaska Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>2791.0</td>
<td>55.82</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20910</td>
<td>North Polk Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>9165.0</td>
<td>366.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>20940</td>
<td>North Scott Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>16090.0</td>
<td>160.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21000</td>
<td>North Tama County Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>2892.0</td>
<td>115.68</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>03850</td>
<td>North Union Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>2798.0</td>
<td>167.88</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21090</td>
<td>Northeast Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>2919.0</td>
<td>262.71</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21210</td>
<td>Northwood-Kensett Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>3376.0</td>
<td>168.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21240</td>
<td>Norwalk Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>16058.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21600</td>
<td>Odebolt Arthur Battle Creek Ida Grove Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>5614.0</td>
<td>112.28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21630</td>
<td>Oelwein Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>8329.0</td>
<td>749.61</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21660</td>
<td>Ogden Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>3643.0</td>
<td>145.72</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00021</td>
<td>Okoboji Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>7286.0</td>
<td>145.72</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21720</td>
<td>Olin Consolidated School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>1426.0</td>
<td>14.26</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21810</td>
<td>Orient-Macksburg Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>1259.0</td>
<td>125.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21840</td>
<td>Osage Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>6008.0</td>
<td>120.16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>21870</td>
<td>Oskaloosa Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>15819.0</td>
<td>632.76</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>22110</td>
<td>Ottumwa Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>29100.0</td>
<td>873.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>99017</td>
<td>PCM Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>5938.0</td>
<td>296.90000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00025</td>
<td>Panorama Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>4522.0</td>
<td>180.88</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>22380</td>
<td>Paton-Churdan Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>1072.0</td>
<td>10.72</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>22440</td>
<td>Pekin Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>3507.0</td>
<td>245.49000000000004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>22470</td>
<td>Pella Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>15848.0</td>
<td>633.92</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>22530</td>
<td>Perry Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>10405.0</td>
<td>312.15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>23110</td>
<td>Pleasant Valley Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>25931.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>23160</td>
<td>Pleasantville Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>3569.0</td>
<td>285.52</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>23190</td>
<td>Pocahontas Area Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>4754.0</td>
<td>427.85999999999996</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>23340</td>
<td>Postville Community School District</td>
<td>0.15</td>
<td>3558.0</td>
<td>533.6999999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00028</td>
<td>Prairie Valley Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>3525.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>24000</td>
<td>Red Oak Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>6813.0</td>
<td>408.78</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>24120</td>
<td>Remsen-Union Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>2899.0</td>
<td>28.990000000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>24150</td>
<td>Riceville Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>2596.0</td>
<td>233.64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10340</td>
<td>River Valley Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>2519.0</td>
<td>50.38</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00027</td>
<td>Riverside Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>3921.0</td>
<td>352.89</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>24660</td>
<td>Rock Valley Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>5459.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>24870</td>
<td>Roland-Story Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>5884.0</td>
<td>529.56</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>24960</td>
<td>Rudd-Rockford-Marble Rock Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>2714.0</td>
<td>81.42</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>25050</td>
<td>Ruthven-Ayrshire Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>1408.0</td>
<td>126.72</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>25320</td>
<td>Saydel Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>8713.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>25380</td>
<td>Schaller-Crestland Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>2123.0</td>
<td>42.46</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>25410</td>
<td>Schleswig Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>1468.0</td>
<td>73.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>25590</td>
<td>Sergeant Bluff-Luton Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>6622.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>25620</td>
<td>Seymour Community School District</td>
<td>0.11</td>
<td>2627.0</td>
<td>288.97</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>25980</td>
<td>Sheldon Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>7392.0</td>
<td>517.44</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26070</td>
<td>Shenandoah Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>6899.0</td>
<td>551.92</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00015</td>
<td>Sibley-Ocheyedan Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>4400.0</td>
<td>396.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26250</td>
<td>Sidney Community School District</td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td>2224.0</td>
<td>444.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26280</td>
<td>Sigourney Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>3470.0</td>
<td>34.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26370</td>
<td>Sioux Center Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>10072.0</td>
<td>604.3199999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00023</td>
<td>Sioux Central Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>2753.0</td>
<td>137.65</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26400</td>
<td>Sioux City Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>86498.0</td>
<td>2594.94</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26580</td>
<td>Solon Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>7521.0</td>
<td>75.21000000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00024</td>
<td>South Central Calhoun Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>6493.0</td>
<td>64.93</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26640</td>
<td>South Hamilton Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>3630.0</td>
<td>254.10000000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00026</td>
<td>South O'Brien Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>4134.0</td>
<td>413.40000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26670</td>
<td>South Page Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>1324.0</td>
<td>66.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26730</td>
<td>South Tama County Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>8981.0</td>
<td>359.24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26790</td>
<td>South Winneshiek Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>4444.0</td>
<td>266.64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26820</td>
<td>Southeast Polk Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>41081.0</td>
<td>2054.05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26850</td>
<td>Southeast Warren Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>3180.0</td>
<td>159.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>99019</td>
<td>Southeast Webster-Grand Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>3312.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>26910</td>
<td>Spencer Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>12711.0</td>
<td>508.44</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27000</td>
<td>Spirit Lake Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>8569.0</td>
<td>85.69</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27060</td>
<td>Springville Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>2469.0</td>
<td>24.69</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>25200</td>
<td>St. Ansgar Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>3892.0</td>
<td>272.44</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27240</td>
<td>Stanton Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>1140.0</td>
<td>22.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27270</td>
<td>Starmont Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3561.0</td>
<td>71.22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27390</td>
<td>Storm Lake Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>12745.0</td>
<td>637.25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27480</td>
<td>Stratford Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>1219.0</td>
<td>48.76</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27600</td>
<td>Sumner-Fredericksburg Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>4857.0</td>
<td>485.70000000000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27870</td>
<td>Tipton Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>5103.0</td>
<td>510.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27960</td>
<td>Treynor Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>3203.0</td>
<td>128.12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27990</td>
<td>Tri-Center Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3594.0</td>
<td>71.88</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>28020</td>
<td>Tri-County Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>1644.0</td>
<td>32.88</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>28050</td>
<td>Tripoli Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>2395.0</td>
<td>167.65</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>28110</td>
<td>Turkey Valley Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>2829.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>28170</td>
<td>Twin Cedars Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>2190.0</td>
<td>21.900000000000002</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>28200</td>
<td>Twin Rivers Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>1152.0</td>
<td>69.12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>28230</td>
<td>Underwood Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>4017.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>00022</td>
<td>Union Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>5948.0</td>
<td>416.36</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>28560</td>
<td>United Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>2953.0</td>
<td>29.53</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>28680</td>
<td>Urbandale Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>22060.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>28980</td>
<td>Van Buren County Community School District</td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td>7580.0</td>
<td>682.1999999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>29010</td>
<td>Van Meter Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>3942.0</td>
<td>118.25999999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>29280</td>
<td>Villisca Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>1902.0</td>
<td>95.10000000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>29310</td>
<td>Vinton-Shellsburg Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>10152.0</td>
<td>710.6400000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>29490</td>
<td>Waco Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>2866.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>29730</td>
<td>Wapello Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>3532.0</td>
<td>141.28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>29760</td>
<td>Wapsie Valley Community School District</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>3820.0</td>
<td>382.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30240</td>
<td>Washington Community School District</td>
<td>8.0e-2</td>
<td>10333.0</td>
<td>826.64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30480</td>
<td>Waterloo Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>75974.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30510</td>
<td>Waukee Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>72233.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30540</td>
<td>Waverly-Shell Rock Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>14497.0</td>
<td>869.8199999999999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30560</td>
<td>Wayne Community School District</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>3882.0</td>
<td>116.46</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30630</td>
<td>Webster City Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>10638.0</td>
<td>531.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30720</td>
<td>West Bend-Mallard Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>1883.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30750</td>
<td>West Branch Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>4531.0</td>
<td>90.62</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30780</td>
<td>West Burlington Independent School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>2822.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30870</td>
<td>West Central Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>1607.0</td>
<td>80.35000000000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>27500</td>
<td>West Central Valley Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>5956.0</td>
<td>297.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30900</td>
<td>West Delaware County Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>9401.0</td>
<td>658.07</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30930</td>
<td>West Des Moines Community School District</td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td>65031.0</td>
<td>0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>25920</td>
<td>West Fork Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>4618.0</td>
<td>46.18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>05430</td>
<td>West Hancock Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>3683.0</td>
<td>73.66</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30960</td>
<td>West Harrison Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>2498.0</td>
<td>99.92</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30990</td>
<td>West Liberty Community School District</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>6161.0</td>
<td>123.22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31020</td>
<td>West Lyon Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>4954.0</td>
<td>346.78000000000003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31080</td>
<td>West Marshall Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>4622.0</td>
<td>277.32</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31110</td>
<td>West Monona Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>3971.0</td>
<td>158.84</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31290</td>
<td>West Sioux Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>4340.0</td>
<td>43.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31350</td>
<td>Western Dubuque County Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>22643.0</td>
<td>1358.58</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31470</td>
<td>Westwood Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>3192.0</td>
<td>127.68</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31620</td>
<td>Whiting Community School District</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>1060.0</td>
<td>53.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31680</td>
<td>Williamsburg Community School District</td>
<td>7.0e-2</td>
<td>6560.0</td>
<td>459.20000000000005</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31800</td>
<td>Wilton Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>4677.0</td>
<td>187.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31830</td>
<td>Winfield-Mount Union Community School District</td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>1774.0</td>
<td>106.44</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31860</td>
<td>Winterset Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>10404.0</td>
<td>416.16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31920</td>
<td>Woodbine Community School District</td>
<td>0.14</td>
<td>2607.0</td>
<td>364.98</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>31950</td>
<td>Woodbury Central Community School District</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>2977.0</td>
<td>119.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>32010</td>
<td>Woodward-Granger Community School District</td>
<td>1.0e-2</td>
<td>5911.0</td>
<td>59.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mean</td>
<td></td>
<td>4.657492354740054e-2</td>
<td></td>
<td>3.0094889356938274e-2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Median</td>
<td></td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minimum</td>
<td></td>
<td>0.0</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum</td>
<td></td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-20">KS</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Kansas State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD2</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD4</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AGSTD1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers, 65 years old and
over</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4350.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AGSTD21</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers, with one person 65
years old and over</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AGSTD4</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 years
old and over</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AGSTDINC1</td>
<td><strong>additional standard deduction for single filers, 65 years
old and over or blind (subtract standard deduction amount from
corresponding worksheet amount with one box checked) </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AGSTDINC2</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers, 65 years old and over
or blind (subtract standard deduction amount from corresponding
worksheet amount with one box checked) </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AGSTDINC4</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 years
old and over or blind (subtract standard deduction amount from
corresponding worksheet amount with one box checked) </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 6, Line 4, Worksheet I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FOODCUT1</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI allowed to claim food sales tax
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30615.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40, p. 6, Food Sales Tax Credit, Line D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FOODEX1</td>
<td><strong>credit amount per exemption and dependent for the food sales
tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>125.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40, p. 6, Food Sales Tax Credit, Line H</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PERXAMT</td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for each exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2250.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 7, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.17</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SSAGICUT</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI allowed to deduct social security
benefits </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 11, Schedule S Instructions, Line A9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>KSTCUT1</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 2500 15000 30000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 32, Tax Computation Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>KSTCUT2</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 5000 30000 60000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 32, Tax Computation Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>KSTRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0 0.031 0.0525 0.057</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 32, Tax Computation Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCCPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child and dependent care expense
credit allowed as a state credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MOOPDEDPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal qualified medical expense
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 14, Schedule A Instructions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ARELTAXPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal real and personal property tax
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 14, Schedule A Instructions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>AINTDEDPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal qualified residential interest
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form K-40 Instructions, p. 14, Schedule A Instructions</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-21">KY</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Kentucky State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit
allowable as a state credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 740 Instructions, p. 12, Line 24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2980.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 740 Instructions, p. 1, What's New?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PERCRED</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal tax credits for head and/or spouse for 65 years or
older or legally blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule ITC, Section B, Line 1 and 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEN</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum pension income exclusion</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>31110.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule P, Part III, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FSTCAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum modified gross income to be eligible for the family
size tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>39900.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 740 Instructions, p. 12, Line 20 and 21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>KYFSTC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit
for one person</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14580 15163 15746 16330 16913 17496 18079 18517 18954
19391</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>KYFSTC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit
for two people</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>19720 20509 21298 22086 22875 23664 24453 25044 25636
26228</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>KYFSTC3</strong></td>
<td><strong>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit
for three people</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>24860 25854 26849 27843 28838 29832 30826 31572 32318
33064</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>KYFSTC4</strong></td>
<td><strong>modified gross income brackets for family size tax credit
for four or more people</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000 31200 32400 33600 34800 36000 37200 38100 39000
39900</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>KYFSRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>family size tax credit percentages</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule ITC, Section C, Family Size Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>KYTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.5e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 740 Instructions, p. 11, Line 12</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-22">LA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Louisiana State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEND</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum retirement exemption for taxpayers 65 years or
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 5, Schedule E, Code 06E</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit allowed
as a state credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540 Instructions for Preparing Your 2023 Louisiana Income
Tax Return, p. 2, Line 15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first federal AGI cutoff to determine nonrefundable child
care credit percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
1A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second federal AGI cutoff to determine nonrefundable child
care credit percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>35000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
1A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCUT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>third federal AGI cutoff to determine nonrefundable child
care credit percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>60000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
1A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCPCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first refundable child care credit percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCPCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second nonrefundable child care credit
percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.3</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
1A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCPCT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>three nonrefundable child care credit
percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
1A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCMAX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum nonrefundable child care credit for taxpayers with
federal AGI above CCCUT3</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 16, Nonrefundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
2A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCREFMX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum qualified child care expenses for one qualifying
person for the refundable child care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCREFMX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum qualified child care expenses for two or more
qualifying people for the refundable child care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCRFCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs to determine refundable child care
credit percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCRFRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>refundable child care credit percentages</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.30</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540, p. 14, Refundable Child Care Credit Worksheet, Line
8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LASTD1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 1, Line 8C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LASTD2</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>27700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 1, Line 8C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LASTD4</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-540 Instructions, p. 1, Line 8C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LAPEX1</td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>2023 Louisiana Tax Table notes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LAPEX2</td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>2023 Louisiana Tax Table notes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LAADDEX</td>
<td><strong>additional exemption amount for dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>2023 Louisiana Tax Table notes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LATCUT1</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 12500 50000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Rates webpage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LATCUT2</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 25000 100000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Rates webpage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LATRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0185 0.0350 0.0425</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Rates webpage</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-23">ME</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Maine State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Line 18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCPCT_R</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage for regular child care expenses for the child
care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Worksheet for Child Care Credit, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCPCT_Q</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage for quality (step 4 or 5) child care expenses for
the child care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Worksheet for Child Care Credit, Line 3 (not currently
used in the model)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCRF</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum child care credit </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Worksheet for Child Care Credit, Line 5a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as
a state earned income tax credit for filers with at least one qualifying
child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td>EITC Worksheet, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCTNOKID</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as
a state earned income tax credit for filers without a qualifying
child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>EITC Worksheet, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPENX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum pension income deduction (if joint filers, head and
spouse can each deduct amount)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule 1S, Worksheet for Pension Income Deduction, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXITMZ</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum allowable itemized deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>33200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule 2, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MESTD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rate Schedule, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MESTD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>27700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rate Schedule, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MESTD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rate Schedule, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGICUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to claim full standard or itemized
deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>91500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized
Deductions, Line 17, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGICUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to claim full standard or itemized
deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>183050.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized
Deductions, Line 17, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGICUT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to claim full standard or itemized
deduction for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>137300.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized
Deductions, Line 17, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGIDENM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount used to calculate percentage of standard or itemized
deduction that can be claimed for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized
Deductions, Line 17, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGIDENM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount used to calculate percentage of standard or itemized
deduction that can be claimed for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>150000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized
Deductions, Line 17, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGIDENM4</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount used to calculate percentage of standard or itemized
deduction that can be claimed for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>112500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Standard / Itemized
Deductions, Line 17, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EXECUT1</td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to claim full personal exemption for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>305150.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal
Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EXECUT2</td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to claim full personal exemption for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>366100.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal
Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EXECUT4</td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to claim full personal exemption for head
of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>335650.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal
Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EXEDENM</td>
<td><strong>amount used to calculate percentage of personal exemption
that can be claimed for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>125000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form ME1040 Instructions, p. 4, Worksheet for Phaseout of Personal
Exemption Deduction Amount, Line 18, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRDLIM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum total income to claim the sales tax fairness credit
for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>29800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 25d and 25e, Notes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRDLIM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum total income to claim the sales tax fairness credit
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>58600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 25d and 25e, Notes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRDLIM4</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum total income to claim the sales tax fairness credit
for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>46950.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 25d and 25e, Notes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRDCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>total income brackets for sales tax fairness credit for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 23300 23800 24300 24800 25300 25800 26300 26800 27300
27800 28300 28800 29300 29800</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRDCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>total income brackets for sales tax fairness credit for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 46600 47600 48600 49600 50600 51600 52600 53600 54600
55600 56600 57600 58600</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRDCUT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>total income brackets for sales tax fairness credit for head
of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 34950 35700 36450 37200 37950 38700 39450 40200 40950
41700 42450 43200 43950 44700 45450 46200 46950</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRAMT11</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : credit amount for the sales tax
fairness credit for single filers with one exemption. Tax year 2018 and
after : credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for single
filers with any number of dependents</strong></td>
<td>140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10</td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRAMT21</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : credit amount for the sales tax
fairness credit for joint filers with one exemption. Tax year 2018 and
after : credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers
with no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0
0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRAMT22</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : credit amount for the sales tax
fairness credit for joint filers with two exemptions. Tax year 2018 and
after : credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint filers
with one dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>225 205 185 165 145 125 105 85 65 45 25 5
0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRAMT23</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : credit amount for the sales tax
fairness credit for joint filers with three exemptions. Tax year 2018
and after : credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit for joint
filers with two or more dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>255 235 215 195 175 155 135 115 95 75 55 35
15</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRAMT41</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : credit amount for the sales tax
fairness credit for head of household filers with one exemption. Tax
year 2018 and after : credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit
for head of household filers with zero or one dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200 185 170 155 140 125 110 95 80 65 50 35 20 5 0 0
0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRAMT42</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : credit amount for the sales tax
fairness credit for head of household filers with two exemptions. Tax
year 2018 and after : credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit
for head of household filers with two dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>225 210 195 180 165 150 135 120 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 0
0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCRAMT43</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : credit amount for the sales tax
fairness credit for head of household filers with three exemptions. Tax
year 2018 and after : credit amount for the sales tax fairness credit
for head of household filers with three or more dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>255 240 225 210 195 180 165 150 135 120 105 90 75 60 45
30 15</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule PTFC/STFC Instructions, Line 16 Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>XTRD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional deduction for single or head of household filers
who are age 65 or older or blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rate Schedule, Additional Amount for Age and Blindness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>XTRD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional deduction for joint filers who are age 65 or
older or blind (for each spouse)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rate Schedule, Additional Amount for Age and Blindness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>METXCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 24500 58050 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>METXCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 49050 116100 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>METXCUT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household filers
</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 36750 87100 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>METXRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 0.058 0.0675 0.0715</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>MEDEPEX</em></td>
<td>dependent exemption per qualifying child or dependent that can
claimed as a credit</td>
<td><em><strong>300.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit, Line
2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>MEDEPCT1</em></td>
<td>maximum state AGI to claim full dependent exemption tax credit for
single and head of household filers</td>
<td><em><strong>200000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit, Line
4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>MEDEPCT2</em></td>
<td>maximum state AGI to claim full dependent exemption tax credit for
joint filers</td>
<td><em><strong>400000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit, Line
4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>MEDEPPCT</em></td>
<td>percentage of credit reduction for filers with income above maximum
state AGI</td>
<td><em><strong>7.5e-3</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Worksheet for Dependent Exemption Tax Credit (Line 7
divided by Line 6)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-24">MD</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Maryland State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th> </th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEAMT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum personal exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEAMT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second highest personal exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEAMT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>third highest personal exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEAMT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>fourth highest personal exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PECUT11</strong></td>
<td><strong>first federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PECUT12</strong></td>
<td><strong>second federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption
for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>125000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PECUT13</strong></td>
<td><strong>third federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>150000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PECUT21</strong></td>
<td><strong>first federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>150000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PECUT22</strong></td>
<td><strong>second federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>175000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PECUT23</strong></td>
<td><strong>third federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ELDAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption for filers age 65 and older and/or
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 4, Exemption Amount Chart
(10A) Notes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXRET</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum allowable pension exclusion (for each spouse if
filing jointly)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>36200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 6, Pension Exclusion
Computation Worksheet (13A), Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDMIN1</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction
Worksheet (16A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDMIN2</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum standard deduction for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3450.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction
Worksheet (16A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDMAX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2550.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction
Worksheet (16A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDMAX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum standard deduction for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5150.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction
Worksheet (16A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of state AGI to calculate standard
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.15</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction
Worksheet (16A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCSTD11</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI cutoff for minimum standard deduction for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>11333.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction
Worksheet (16A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCSTD12</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI cutoff for maximum standard deduction for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>17000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction
Worksheet (16A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCSTD21</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI cutoff for minimum standard deduction for joint
and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>23000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction
Worksheet (16A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INCSTD22</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI cutoff for maximum standard deduction for joint
and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>34333.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 12, Standard Deduction
Worksheet (16A)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXMIL</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : maximum allowable military
retirement income exclusion for under 65 years old. Tax year 2018 and
after : maximum allowable military retirement income exclusion for under
55 years old</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 9, Line 13u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXMIL65</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : maximum allowable military
retirement income exclusion for 65 or older. Tax year 2018 and after :
maximum allowable military retirement income exclusion for 55 or
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 9, Line 13u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>limit of child care expenses for one child for the child and
dependent care expense subtraction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 7, Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>limit of child care expenses for two or more children for
the child and dependent care expense subtraction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 7, Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI to start reducing the credit for child and
dependent care expenses percentage for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care
Expenses Chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCMAX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim credit for child and dependent
care expenses for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>103651.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care
Expenses Chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCINC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI increment for credit for child and dependent
care expense reduction for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care
Expenses Chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI to start reducing the credit for child and
dependent care expenses percentage for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care
Expenses Chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCMAX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim credit child and dependent care
expenses for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>161101.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care
Expenses Chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCINC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI increment for credit for child and dependent
care expense reduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care
Expenses Chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum rate for the credit for the child and dependent care
expenses</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.32</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care
Expenses Chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCRATINC</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage increments to reduce rate for the credit for
child and dependent care expenses</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.1999999999999806e-3</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care
Expenses Chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCDIM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>number of brackets for the credit for child and dependent
care expenses (for single filers in 2021)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>38.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care
Expenses Chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCDIM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>number of brackets for the credit for child and dependent
care expenses (for joint filers in 2021)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>38.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 502CR, p. 6, Credit for Child and Dependent Care
Expenses Chart</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCLIM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable child and dependent
care credit for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>56300.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p.18, Refundable Child and
Dependent Care Expenses Tax Credit (21B), Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCLIM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim refundable child and dependent
care credit for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>84500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p.18, Refundable Child and
Dependent Care Expenses Tax Credit (21B), Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CNTPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>population-weighted average of county and local income tax
rates (assumption)</strong></td>
<td>3.0797301656829843e-2</td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 21, Local Tax Rate Chart
(refer to the "MD local" sheet for calculation)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAX2INC</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum two-income married couple subtraction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 10, Two-Income Married
Couple Subtraction Worksheet (13D), Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as
a non-refundable state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, State EIC Worksheet
(18A), Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as
a refundable state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.45</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 18, Refundable Earned
Income Credit Worksheet (21A), Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICLOC</strong></td>
<td><strong>local earned income tax credit multiplier</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Local Earned Income
Credit Worksheet (19B), Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LOWPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of earned income claimable as a poverty level
credit </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, State Poverty Level
Credit Worksheet (18B)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDSENR1</strong></td>
<td><strong>senior tax credit for single filers who are age 65 and
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax
Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDSENR2</strong></td>
<td><strong>senior tax credit for joint and head of household filers who
are age 65 and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1750.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax
Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDSENRCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the senior tax credit
for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax
Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDSENRCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the senior tax credit
for joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>150000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 15, Other Income Tax
Credits for Individuals, Line 24m, Senior Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDPOVC</strong></td>
<td><strong>poverty income guidelines for household size
one</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14580.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, Poverty Income
Guidelines</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDPOVICR</strong></td>
<td><strong>increment to poverty income guidelines for each additional
member</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5140.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 14, Poverty Income
Guidelines</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDTXCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 1000 2000 3000 100000 125000 150000 250000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 13, Tax
Computation Worksheet</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDTXCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint and head of household filers
</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 1000 2000 3000 150000 175000 225000 300000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 13, Tax
Computation Worksheet</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDTXRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.0475 0.05 0.0525 0.055
0.0575</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 13, Tax
Computation Worksheet</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDCTCINC</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to qualify for the child tax
credit</strong></td>
<td>15000.0</td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 25, Refundable Child Tax
Credit Worksheet (21C)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MDCTCAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>child tax credit per qualifying child</strong></td>
<td>500.0</td>
<td>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet, p. 25, Refundable Child Tax
Credit Worksheet (21C)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-25">MD local</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Calculation of Population-Weighted Average Local Income Tax Rate in
Maryland</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>County Name</td>
<td>2023 County Resident Rate</td>
<td>2023 Population Count</td>
<td>2023 Weighted Average</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Baltimore City</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>584548.0</td>
<td>18705.536</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Allegany County</td>
<td>3.03e-2</td>
<td>68161.0</td>
<td>2065.2783</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Anne Arundel County</td>
<td>2.7e-2</td>
<td>588109.0</td>
<td>15878.943</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Baltimore County</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>850737.0</td>
<td>27223.584</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calvert County</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>93244.0</td>
<td>2797.3199999999997</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Caroline County</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>33320.0</td>
<td>1066.24</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Carroll County</td>
<td>3.03e-2</td>
<td>173225.0</td>
<td>5248.7175</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cecil County</td>
<td>2.8e-2</td>
<td>103876.0</td>
<td>2908.5280000000002</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Charles County</td>
<td>3.03e-2</td>
<td>167035.0</td>
<td>5061.1605</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dorchester County</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>32557.0</td>
<td>1041.824</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Frederick County</td>
<td>2.75e-2</td>
<td>273829.0</td>
<td>7530.2975</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Garrett County</td>
<td>2.65e-2</td>
<td>28856.0</td>
<td>764.684</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Harford County</td>
<td>3.06e-2</td>
<td>261059.0</td>
<td>7988.4054</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Howard County</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>332011.0</td>
<td>10624.352</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kent County</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>19289.0</td>
<td>617.248</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Montgomery County</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>1056910.0</td>
<td>33821.12</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Prince George's County</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>957189.0</td>
<td>30630.048</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Queen Anne's County</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>50316.0</td>
<td>1610.112</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>St. Mary's County</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>113814.0</td>
<td>3414.42</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Somerset County</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>24672.0</td>
<td>789.504</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Talbot County</td>
<td>2.4e-2</td>
<td>37663.0</td>
<td>903.912</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Washington County</td>
<td>2.95e-2</td>
<td>154645.0</td>
<td>4562.0275</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Wicomico County</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td>103815.0</td>
<td>3322.08</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Worcester County</td>
<td>2.25e-2</td>
<td>52827.0</td>
<td>1188.6074999999998</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mean</td>
<td>2.9937500000000006e-2</td>
<td></td>
<td>3.0797301656829843e-2</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Median</td>
<td>3.0449999999999998e-2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minimum</td>
<td>2.25e-2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum</td>
<td>3.2e-2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Note: In tax year 2023, the tax rates for Anne Arundel and Frederick
County vary by income. We use the tax rates for the lower range of
income.</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-26">MA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Massachusetts State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEX3</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DEPEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>dependent exemption for each dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGEEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption for filers age 65 or
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>BLNDEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption for filers who are blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 9, Line 2D</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAMAXFICA</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum deduction for retirement contributions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 11, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as
a state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.4</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 16, Line 43</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INTEXM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount of interest exempt for single or head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 10, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INTEXM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount of interest exempt for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 10, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MATAXRAT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rate for most income</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 12, Line 22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MATAXRAT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rate for capital gains and dividend
income</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.12</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 12, Line 23b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MATAXRAT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional income tax rate for income over a certain
threshold</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 28b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MATAXCUT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>threshold for surtax on taxable income over the
threshold</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 28b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NOTAX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI cutoff to qualify for no tax status for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 29 Worksheet, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NOTAX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI cutoff to qualify for no tax status for joint
filers with no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income
Instructions and Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NOTAX3</td>
<td><strong>state AGI cutoff to qualify for no tax status for head of
household filers with no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income
Instructions and Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NOTXINCR</td>
<td><strong>state AGI increment for each dependent to qualify for no tax
status</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income
Instructions and Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LICINCR</td>
<td><strong>state AGI increment for each dependent to qualify for the
limited income credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1750.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income
Instructions and Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LICCUT11</td>
<td><strong>minimum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit
for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 27 Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LICCUT12</td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit
for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 27 Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LICCUT21</td>
<td><strong>minimum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit
for joint filers with no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income
Instructions and Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LICCUT22</td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit
for joint filers with no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>28700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income
Instructions and Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LICCUT41</td>
<td><strong>minimum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit
for head of household filers with no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income
Instructions and Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LICCUT42</td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to qualify for the limited income credit
for head of household filers with no dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, No Tax Status/Limited Income
Instructions and Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>WSRAT</td>
<td><strong>percentage used to calculate the limited income
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 1 Instructions, p. 13, Line 29 Worksheet, Line
5</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MACFTC</td>
<td><strong>credit amount per dependent for the child and family tax
credit</strong></td>
<td>310.0</td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 17, Line 46</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAPOVMIN</td>
<td><strong>200 percent of the federal poverty guidelines for family
size one used for unemployment compensation exclusion for certain
filers</strong></td>
<td>29160.0</td>
<td>https://aspe.hhs.gov/topics/poverty-economic-mobility/poverty-guidelines/prior-hhs-poverty-guidelines-federal-register-references</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAPOVINCR</td>
<td><strong>200 percent of the increment in the federal poverty
guidelines for each additional person in the unit</strong></td>
<td>10280.0</td>
<td>https://aspe.hhs.gov/topics/poverty-economic-mobility/poverty-guidelines/prior-hhs-poverty-guidelines-federal-register-references</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAINTPCT</td>
<td><strong>assumption that 75 percent of interest income is from banks
located outside of Massachusetts (25 percent located inside of the
state)</strong></td>
<td>0.25</td>
<td><strong>Assumption in model</strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-27">MI</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Michigan State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PERSEX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount per exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p.10, Line 9a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>BLNDEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption amount per person who are blind, deaf, or totally
and permanently disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3100.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p.35, Form MI-1040, Line 9b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEND1</strong></td>
<td><strong>pension deduction amount for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>61518.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p. 60, Pension Schedule (Form 4884), line
9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEND2</strong></td>
<td><strong>pension deduction amount for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>123036.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p. 60, Pension Schedule (Form 4884), line
9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENYEAR1</strong></td>
<td><strong>tier 1 pension recipients, birth year before</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1946.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p. 59, Pension Schedule (Form 4884)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENYEAR2</strong></td>
<td><strong>tier 2 pension recipients, birth year before</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1953.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p. 59, Pension Schedule (Form 4884)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENYEAR3</strong></td>
<td><strong>tier 3 pension recipients, birth year before</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1957.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p. 59, Pension Schedule (Form 4884)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TAXYEAR</strong></td>
<td><strong>current tax year</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2023.0</strong></em></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MISTD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers born between PENYEAR1
and PENYEAR3 </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p.18, Worksheet 2: Tier 2 and Tier 3 Micihigan
Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MISTD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers born between PENYEAR1
and PENYEAR3</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p.18, Worksheet 2: Tier 2 and Tier 3 Micihigan
Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXDED1</strong></td>
<td><strong>interest, dividend, and capital gains deduction for single
filers born before PENYEAR1</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13712.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p.17, Dividend/Interest/Capital Gains
Deduction for Taxpayers Born prior to 1946</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXDED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>interest, dividend, and capital gains deduction for joint
filers born before PENYEAR1</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>27424.0</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p.17, Dividend/Interest/Capital Gains
Deduction for Taxpayers Born prior to 1946</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable as
a state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.3</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p. 2, New for 2023 and p. 11, Line 27</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MITAXRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rate</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.05e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p. 2, New for 2023 and p. 3, General
Information</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of military pension benefits used in calculation
of retirement and pension benefits subtraction</strong></td>
<td>0.25</td>
<td>MI-1040 Instructions, p. 25, Worksheet 3.3, Line 4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-28">MN</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Minnesota State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGLN11</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum subtraction for single and head of household filers
who are age 65 or older or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Line 1</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGLN12</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum subtraction for joint filers who are age 65 or older
or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Line 1</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ELGAD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI allowed for the subtraction for joint
filers with both spouses who are 65 or older or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>42000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Instructions</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ELGAD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI allowed for the subtraction for joint
filers with one spouse who is 65 or older or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>38500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Instructions</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ELGAD3</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI allowed for the subtraction for single
and head of household filers who are 65 or older or
disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>33700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Instructions</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ELGSS1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum nontaxable social security income allowed for the
subtraction for joint filers with both spouses who are 65 or older or
disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Instructions</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ELGSS2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum nontaxable social security income allowed for the
subtraction for joint filers with one spouse who is 65 or older or
disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Instructions</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ELGSS3</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum nontaxable social security income allowed for the
subtraction for single and head of household filers who are 65 or older
or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Instructions</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LIN101</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount to calculate subtraction for joint filers with both
spouses who are 65 or older or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>18000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Instructions, Line 10</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LIN102</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount to calculate subtraction for joint filers with one
spouse who is 65 or older or disabled or single or head of household
filers who are 65 or older or disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Instructions, Line 10</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LINE12</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage to determine subtraction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1R, Line 12</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD11</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers, not 65 or older or
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13825.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD12</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers, 65 or older or
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15675.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD13</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers, 65 or older and
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>17525.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD21</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers, not 65 or older or
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>27650.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD22</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers, one 65 or older or
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>29100.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD23</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers, both 65 or older or
blind, or one 65 or older and blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30550.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD24</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers, one 65 or older or
blind, and one 65 or older and blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>32000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD25</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers, both 65 or older and
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>33450.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD31</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household filers, not 65 or
older or blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD32</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 or older
or blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>22650.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD33</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household filers, 65 or older
and blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>24500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 13, Table for
Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNEXAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>dependent exemptions amount oer dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet for
Line 5</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNEXLIM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for reduced dependent exemption for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>220650.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet for
Line 5</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNEXLIM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for reduced dependent exemption for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>330950.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet for
Line 5</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNEXLIM4</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI threshold for reduced dependent exemption for
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>275800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet for
Line 5</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNEXMAX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI threshohold for dependent exemption
phaseout</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>122500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet for
Line 5, Step 7</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNEXDIV</strong></td>
<td><strong>dependent exemption phaseout divider</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet for
Line 5, Step 7</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNEXPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>dependent exemption phaseout percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet for
Line 5, Step 8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNMOOPPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of
federal AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1SA, Line 3</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNSALTLIM</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state and local tax deduction for itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1SA, Line 8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNITMLIM</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are
limited</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>220650.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1SA, Line 26</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNITMLIM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI amount below and above which itemized deductions
are limited differently</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1SA, Worksheet A and B for Line 26</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNITMLIM3</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI amount used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>304970.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 5 and Line 7</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNITMAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>84320.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 5</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNITMPCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.8</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 10 and Worksheet B for
Line 26, Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNITMPCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 6</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNITMPCT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>third percentage used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1SA Worksheet A for Line 26, Line 8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNSTDLIM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI amount above which state standard deductions are
limited</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>220650.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet A
for Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNSTDLIM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI amount below and above which standard deductions
are limited differently</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet A
and B for Line 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNSTDLIM3</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI amount used in the limitation of standard
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>304970.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet A
for Line 4, Line 2 and 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNSTDAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount used in the limitation of standard
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>84320.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet A
for Line 4, Line 2</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNSTDPCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first percentage used in the limitation of standard
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.8</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet A
for Line 4, Line 8 and Worksheet B for Line 4, Line 2</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNSTDPCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second percentage used in the limitation of standard
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet A
for Line 4, Line 3</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNSTDPCT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>third percentage used in the limitation of standard
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule MI Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Worksheet A
for Line 4, Line 5</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNCHRLIM</strong></td>
<td><strong>threshold above which charitable contributions are eligible
for subtraction if filer is not claiming itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 11, Step 2</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNCHRPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of qualified charitable contributions that can be
subtracted if not claiming itemized deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 11, Step 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCRED</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to receive full child and dependent care
credit (without reduction)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>59210.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1CD Worksheet for Line 8, Step 2</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCINCPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal AGI above the maximum to reduce child
and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1CD Worksheet for Line 8, Step 4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCAMTMX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum child and dependent care credit for filers with
federal AGI above the maximum</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1CD Worksheet for Line 8, Step 5</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MARJMIN</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum joint taxable income required to claim marriage
credit (need to check hard coding in the SAS program every
year)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>44000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA Instructions, "Do I Qualify" Section</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAREMIN</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum earned income of lesser-earning spouse required to
claim marriage credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>28000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA Instructions, "Do I Qualify" Section</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MARCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income of lesser-earning spouse to use the marriage
credit table</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>114000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MARMIN</strong></td>
<td><strong>first joint taxable income cutoff to change columns in the
marriage credit table</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>64000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MARINC</strong></td>
<td><strong>taxable income bracket increments for each column in the
marriage credit table</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MARMAX</strong></td>
<td><strong>lower bound of the last column in marriage credit
table</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>304000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MARMIN2</strong></td>
<td><strong>first income cutoff to change rows in the marriage credit
table</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>28000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MARINC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income bracket increment for each row in the marriage credit
table</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCRED</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum marriage credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1710.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA, Line 19</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MARCRD10</strong></td>
<td><strong>one-half of the standard deduction for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13825.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA, Line 10</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NUMCOL</strong></td>
<td><strong>number of columns in the marriage credit table</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNCAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>array of marriage credit amounts from marriage credit
table</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>19 19 19 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 48 48 48 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 77 77 77 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 106 106 106 106 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 135 135 135 135 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 164 164 164 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 146 193 193 193 108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 222 222 222 158 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 192 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 101 235 235 235 213 3 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 234 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 235 45
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 235 235 235 235 66 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235
87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 217 235 235
235 129 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 188 235 235 235 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 159 235
235 235 171 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 192 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 101
235 235 235 213 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 234 24 18 18 18 0 0 0 0
0 43 235 235 235 235 45 39 39 39 0 0 0 0 0 14 235 235 235 235 66 60 60
60 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 87 81 81 81 0 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235
108 102 102 102 0 0 0 0 0 0 217 235 235 235 129 123 123 123 13 0 0 0 0 0
188 235 235 235 150 144 144 144 74 0 0 0 0 0 159 235 235 235 171 165 165
165 135 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 192 186 186 186 186 0 0 0 0 0 101 235
235 235 213 207 207 207 207 0 0 0 0 0 72 235 235 235 234 228 228 228 228
0 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 235 249 249 249 249 0 0 0 0 0 14 235 235 235
235 270 270 270 270 40 0 0 0 0 0 235 235 235 235 291 291 291 291 101 0 0
0 0 0 235 235 235 235 312 312 312 312 162 0 0 0 0 0 217 235 235 235 333
333 333 333 223 0 0 0 0 0 188 235 235 235 354 354 354 354 284 0 0 0 0 0
159 235 235 235 375 375 375 375 345 0 0 0 0 0 130 235 235 235 396 396
396 396 396 6 0 0 0 0 101 235 235 235 417 417 417 417 417 67 0 0 0 0 72
235 235 235 438 438 438 438 438 128 0 0 0 0 43 235 235 235 438 459 459
459 459 189 0 0 0 0 9 230 230 230 434 475 475 475 475 246
26</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule M1MA Instructions, Table for Line 8</td>
<td><strong></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CUTMN1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 30070 98760 183340 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate
Schedules</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CUTMN2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 43950 174610 304970 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate
Schedules</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CUTMN3</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 37010 148730 243720 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate
Schedules</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TRATMN</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0535 0.0680 0.0785 0.0985</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Individual Income Tax Instructions, p. 32, Tax Rate
Schedules</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNWFCTHRES</strong></td>
<td><strong>earned income threshold for credit amount for the child and
working family credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8750.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 3</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNWFCPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of earned income allowed for the child and
working family credit</strong></td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 4</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNWFC1KID</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum credit for qualifying older children for one
qualifying older child for the child and working family
credit</strong></td>
<td>925.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 5</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNWFC2KID</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum credit for qualifying older children for two
qualifying older children for the child and working family
credit</strong></td>
<td>2100.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 5</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNWFC3KID</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum credit for qualifying older children for three
qualifying older children for the child and working family
credit</strong></td>
<td>2500.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 5</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNWFCAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum credit amount for each qualifying child for the
child and working family credit</strong></td>
<td>1750.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 8</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNWFCCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income (greater of federal AGI and earned income) threshold
above which the child and working family credit is phased out for single
and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>29500.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 11</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNWFCCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income (greater of federal AGI and earned income) threshold
above which the child and working family credit is phased out for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td>35000.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 11</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNWFCPHASEOUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>phaseout percentage for filers who receive the credit for
qualifying older children and do not receive any other child and working
family credit</strong></td>
<td>9.0e-2</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 13</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNWFCPHASEOUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>phaseout percentage for filers who receive the child and
working family credit (with or without the credit for qualifying older
children)</strong></td>
<td>0.12</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1CWFC, Line 13</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNRETAMT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum qualified retirement benefits subtraction for single
and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td>12500.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 2</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNRETAMT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum qualified retirement benefits subtraction for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td>25000.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 2</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNRETCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to receive full qualified retirement
benefits subtraction for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>78000.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 5</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNRETCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to receive full qualified retirement
benefits subtraction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>100000.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 5</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNRETCALC</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount used in phase out of qualified retirement benefits
subtraction</strong></td>
<td>2000.0</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 7</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MNRETPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage used in phase out of qualified retirement
benefits subtraction</strong></td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1M, Worksheet for Line 29, Line 8</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-29">MS</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Mississippi State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption amount per return for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions
Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption amount per return for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions
Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption amount per return for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions
Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2300.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions
Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions
Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 6, Filing Status and Exemptions
Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEREXAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption amount for each dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 7, Additional Exemptions Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>XTRAAGD</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption amount for head and/or spouse aged 65
and over</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 7, Additional Exemptions Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>XTRABLND</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption amount for head and/or spouse who are
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 7, Additional Exemptions Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MSMOOPPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal AGI above which medical and dental
expenses are deductible</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7.5e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 80-108, line 2b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MSSEDED</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of self-employment tax that is deductible from
income</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 14, Line 61</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MSCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 10000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 27, Schedule of Tax Computation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MSTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0 0.05</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 27, Schedule of Tax Computation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MSCCRATE</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit
allowable as state dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td>0.25</td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MSCCLIM</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td>50000.0</td>
<td>Income Tax Instructions, p. 20</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-30">MO</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Missouri State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXPD3</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1040 Instructions, p. 8, Line 15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MOSTD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MOSTD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>27700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MOSTD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MOAGED1</strong></td>
<td><strong>extra standard deduction for blind/aged for single and head
of household filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from
one box checked)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MOAGED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>extra standard deduction for blind/aged for joint filers
(calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from one box
checked)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 7, Standard Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXFEDD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal income tax deduction for single and head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1040, Line 13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXFEDD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal income tax deduction for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1040, Line 13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PUBPEN1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income limit for public pension exemption for single and
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>85000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PUBPEN2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income limit for public pension exemption for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PRIVPEN1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income limit for private pension exemption for single and
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PRIVPEN2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income limit for private pension exemption for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>32000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPBPEN</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum public pension exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>44683.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXPVPEN</td>
<td><strong>maximum private pension exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Reference Guide, p. 5, Pensions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MOCUT</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 1207 2414 3621 4828 6035 7242 8449
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MOTRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045
0.0495</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MOFEDCUT</td>
<td><strong>state AGI brackets for federal income tax
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000 50000 100000 125000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1040, Line 12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MOFEDPCT</td>
<td><strong>state AGI percentages for federal income tax
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.35 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1040, Line 12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MOEICRATE</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed for
working family credit</strong></td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>Form 1040 Instructions, Form MO-WFTC, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MOMAXINVST</td>
<td>maximum investment income to be eligible for working family tax
credit </td>
<td>4050.0</td>
<td>Form 1040 Instructions, Form MO-WFTC, Line 3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-31">MT</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Montana State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDED1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5540.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum standard deduction for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>11080.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDED3</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2460.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDED4</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum standard deduction for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4920.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PCTSTD</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of state AGI that sets maximum standard
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.2</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2, p. 7, Standard Deduction Worksheet, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEND</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum pension exclusion amount per recipient</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5060.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption
Worksheet, Line 1a and 1b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MXPNAGI1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for pension exclusion if only head or
spouse has a pension</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>44670.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption
Worksheet (calculated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MXPNAGI2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for pension exclusion if both head and
spouse have pensions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>47200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption
Worksheet (calculated)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MXPNAGI3</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for full pension exclusion</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>42140.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2, p. 6, Partial Pension and Annuity Income Exemption
Worksheet, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXDISPY</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum yearly disability income exclusion amount (weekly
amount multiplied by 52 weeks)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana 2 Booklet, p. 27, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line
32</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DISAGICT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income amount to start disability exclusion amount
reduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana 2 Booklet, p. 27, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line
32</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MXINTEX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum interest exclusion for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana 2 Booklet, p. 21, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MXINTEX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum interest exclusion for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana 2 Booklet, p. 21, Montana Subtractions Schedule, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MTEXEAMT</td>
<td><strong>deduction amount per exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2960.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana 2 Booklet, p. 11, Line 16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MTMAXFTAX1</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal income tax allowed as itemized deduction for
single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2 Booklet, p. 30, Itemized Deduction Schedule - Taxes,
Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MTMAXFTAX2</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal income tax allowed as itemized deduction for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana Form 2 Booklet, p. 30, Itemized Deduction Schedule - Taxes,
Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXCAGI1</td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to qualify for the child and dependent
care expense credit for filers with one child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>22800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana 2 Booklet, p. 31, Itemized Deductions Schedule, Line 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXCAGI2</td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to qualify for the child and dependent
care expense credit for filers with two children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana 2 Booklet, p. 31, Itemized Deductions Schedule, Line 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXCAGI3</td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to qualify for the child and dependent
care expense credit for filers with three children or more</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>27600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana 2 Booklet, p. 31, Itemized Deductions Schedule, Line 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCLIM1</td>
<td><strong>maximum child and dependent care expense deduction for
filers with one child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 2441-M, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCLIM2</td>
<td><strong>maximum child and dependent care expense deduction for
filers with two children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 2441-M, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCLIM3</td>
<td><strong>maximum child and dependent care expense deduction for
filers with three children or more</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 2441-M, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXCCAGI</td>
<td><strong>state AGI above which the child and dependent care expense
deduction is reduced</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>18000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 2441-M, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCRATE</td>
<td><strong>percentage used in child and dependent care expense
deduction reduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 2441-M, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICRATE</td>
<td><strong>percentage allowed of federal earned income tax credit for
state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Montana 2 Booklet, p. 12, Line 23b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MTTCUT</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 3600 6300 9700 13000 16800 21600
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Rates, Rate Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MTTRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
0.0675</strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax Rates, Rate Table</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-32">NE</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Nebraska State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NESTD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7900.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NESTD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NESTD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>11600.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NEAGDED1</strong></td>
<td><strong>extra standard deduction amount for blind or aged for single
and head of household filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes
checked from one box checked)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NEAGDED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>extra standard deduction amount for blind or aged for joint
filers (calculated by subtracting zero boxes checked from one box
checked)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 9, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NESSCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for Social Security income deduction for
single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>49310.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Schedule I Instructions, Part
B Line 28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NESSCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for Social Security income deduction for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>66510.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Schedule I Instructions, Part
B Line 28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NESSPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>Social Security income reduction percentage if over federal
AGI limit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.6</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Schedule I Line 28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption credit amount per exemption for all
resident filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>157.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 10, Line 18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCAGI</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum federal AGI to claim nonrefundable child and
dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>29000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 10, Line 23</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit
allowable for nonrefundable child and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 10, Line 23</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first federal AGI threshold in child and dependent care
expense credit schedule</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>22000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 2441N, Line 9 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCSTEP</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI increments for child and dependent care expense
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 2441N, Line 9 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable for
state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 12, Line 35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NECCPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentages for child and dependent care expense credit from
credit schedule</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 2441N, Line 9 </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NETCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 3700 22170 35730 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NETCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 7390 44350 71460 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NETCUT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 6900 35480 52980 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NETRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0246 0.0351 0.0501 0.0664</strong></em></td>
<td>Tax Calculation Schedule for Individual Income Tax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NEMILMAX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum military retirement income exclusion</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0e7</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 19, Line 29 (military
pensions are fully deductible)</strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-33">NH</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>New Hampshire State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PEAMT</td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount per exemption (for head and/or
spouse blind and head and/or spouse age 65 or older or
disabled)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form DP-10, p. 3, Step 3 Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>GENEX1</td>
<td><strong>income exemption amount for single and head of household
filers </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form DP-10, p. 3, Step 3 Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>GENEX2</td>
<td><strong>income exemption amount for joint filers </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form DP-10, p. 3, Step 3 Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NHTAXRAT</td>
<td><strong>interest and dividend tax rate for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form DP-10, p. 4, Step 4 Line 10</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-34">NJ</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>New Jersey State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENEX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum pension/retirement exclusion for single or head of
household filers (with total income below PENCUT1)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENEX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum pension/retirement exclusion for joint filers (with
total income below PENCUT1)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first total income threshold for pension/retirement
exclusion eligibility</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second total income threshold for pension/retirement
exclusion eligibility</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>125000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENCUT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum total income threshold for pension/retirement
exclusion eligibility</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>150000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENPCT11</strong></td>
<td><strong>pension exclusion percentage for single and head of
household filers at second total income threshold</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.375</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENPCT12</strong></td>
<td><strong>pension exclusion percentage for single and head of
household filers at maximum total income threshold</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1875</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENPCT21</strong></td>
<td><strong>pension exclusion percentage for joint filers at second
total income threshold</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENPCT22</strong></td>
<td><strong>pension exclusion percentage for joint filers at maximum
total income threshold</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 20, Line 28A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RETXCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum wage, self-employment, and investment income to
claim other retirement income exclusion for filers 62 and
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 21, Worksheet D, Line
8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEREX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for regular
exemptions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form NJ-1040, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEREX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for dependent
exemptions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form NJ-1040, Lines 10 - 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJVETEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for veterans</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form NJ-1040, Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJMOOPRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of
gross income</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 23, Line 31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowable for
state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.4</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 42, Line 58</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXAGIE</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income for earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0e7</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 42, Line 58 (placeholder
as of tax year 2023)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJCCLIM</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum taxable income for child and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>150000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 43, Worksheet J, Line
3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJCCCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>taxable income brackets for the child and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000 60000 90000 120000 150000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 43, Worksheet J, Line
3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJCCRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>rates for the child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 43, Worksheet J, Line
3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJTCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 20000 35000 40000 75000 500000 1000000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate
Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJTCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 20000 50000 70000 80000 150000 500000 1000000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate
Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJTRAT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.014 0.0175 0.035 0.05525 0.0637 0.0897
0.1075</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate
Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJTRAT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.014 0.0175 0.0245 0.035 0.05525 0.0637 0.0897
0.1075</strong></em></td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 63, Tax Rate
Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJCTCCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>taxable income thresholds for the calculation of the child
tax credit</strong></td>
<td>30000 40000 50000 60000 80000 10000000</td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 44, Line 65</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJCTCAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>credit amount per dependent age 5 and under for the child
tax credit</strong></td>
<td>1000 800 600 400 200 0</td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 44, Line 65</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NJCTCLIM</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum taxable income to be eligible for the child tax
credit</strong></td>
<td>80000.0</td>
<td>NJ-1040 Resident Booklet Instructions, p. 44, Line 65</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-35">NM</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>New Mexico Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LMEXCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff for low- and middle-income tax exemption
eligibility for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>36667.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption
Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LMEXCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff for low- and middle-income tax exemption
eligibility for joint or head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>55000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption
Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LMEXDED1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to receive full low- and middle-income
tax exemption for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption
Worksheet Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LMEXDED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to receive full low- and middle-income
tax exemption for joint or head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption
Worksheet Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LMEXRAT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage used to calculate low- and middle-income tax
exemption reduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.15</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption
Worksheet Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LMEXRAT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage used to calculate low- and middle-income tax
exemption reduction for joint or head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption
Worksheet Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LMEXSUB</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum low- and middle-income tax exemption for each
exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 25, Low and Middle Income Tax Exemption
Worksheet Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>OV65MAX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for exemption for filers age 65 and
older or blind for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>28500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>OV65MAX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for exemption for filers age 65 and
older or blind for joint or head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>51000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>OV65CUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs for exemption for filers age 65 and
older or blind for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>18000 19500 21000 22500 24000 25500 27000
28500</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>OV65CUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs for exemption for filers age 65 and
older or blind for joint or head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000 33000 36000 39000 42000 45000 48000
51000</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>OV65AMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption amount for filers age 65 and older or
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000
1000</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 5, Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DEPDEDAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>deduction for certain dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 24, Line 13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NMCAPGLIM</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum net capital gains allowed for
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 6, Line 16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NMCAPGPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of net capital gains allowed for
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.4</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-ADJ Instructions, p. 6, Line 16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MEDEXCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum amount of unreimbursed medical care expenses to
qualify for the additional exemption and tax credit for filers age 65
and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>28000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Additional Exemption and Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MEDEXAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>medical care expense exemption for filers age 65 and
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Additional Exemption and Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MEDCRAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>credit for medical care expenses for filers age 65 and
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Additional Exemption and Tax Credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MOOPDEDCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs for the medical care expense deduction
for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000 35000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical
Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MOOPDEDCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs for the medical care expense deduction
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000 70000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical
Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MOOPDEDCUT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs for medical care expense deduction for
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000 50000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical
Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MOOPDEDRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of medical care expenses that are deductible for
all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25 0.15 0.10</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 27, Line 16 Worksheet for Calculating Medical
Care Expense Deduction, Medical Care Expenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXLOW</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum modified gross income allowed to claim low income
comprehensive tax rebate</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>36000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 5, Section 2 Line 14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NMLOWCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>modified gross income cutoffs to determine low income
comprehensive tax rebate</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000 1500 2500 7500 8000 9000 10000 11500 13000 14500
16500 18000 19500 21000 23000 24500 26000 27500 29500 31000 32500 34000
36000</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 5, Section 2 Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LOWREB</strong></td>
<td><strong>low income comprehensive tax rebate by number of exemptions
and modified gross income cutoffs</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>211 281 352 422 492 563 238 341 438 546 617 730 238 341
438 546 617 763 238 341 438 546 617 790 222 335 422 536 622 790 200 308
406 519 622 757 184 271 368 460 552 720 157 227 298 390 481 649 141 200
254 319 395 519 124 184 238 298 341 422 114 168 200 254 308 362 108 141
179 227 271 325 97 124 157 195 238 281 87 114 151 179 200 249 87 114 151
179 200 249 81 108 130 157 184 211 70 97 124 151 168 195 60 87 114 141
151 184 54 81 108 124 141 168 43 60 87 108 124 141 38 54 70 87 108 114
27 43 54 70 87 97 16 38 43 60 70 81</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 5, Section 2 Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCINC</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum modified gross income allowed to claim child day
care credit</strong></td>
<td>30160.0</td>
<td><strong>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 7, Section 5</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of day care expenses claimable as the child day
care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.4</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 12, Section 5 Child Day Care Credit
Worksheet Column F</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCPER</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum child day care credit for each child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>480.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 12, Section 5 Child Day Care Credit
Worksheet Column G</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXSTCCC</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum child day care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 12, Section 5 Child Day Care Credit
Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NMEITPER</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td>PIT-1 Instructions, p. 31, Line 25 and 25A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NMCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 5500 11000 16000 210000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Personal Income Tax Rates from website
(https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/all-nm-taxes/current-historic-tax-rates-overview/personal-income-tax-rates/)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NMCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household and joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 8000 16000 24000 315000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Personal Income Tax Rates from website
(https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/all-nm-taxes/current-historic-tax-rates-overview/personal-income-tax-rates/)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NMTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.017 0.032 0.047 0.049 0.059</strong></em></td>
<td>Personal Income Tax Rates from website
(https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/all-nm-taxes/current-historic-tax-rates-overview/personal-income-tax-rates/)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NMREB1AMT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first tax refund for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em>500.0</em></td>
<td>NM State Tax Website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/rebates/)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NMREB1AMT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>first tax refund for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em>1000.0</em></td>
<td>NM State Tax Website (https://www.tax.newmexico.gov/rebates/)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NMCTCCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI thresholds for the child income tax
credit</strong></td>
<td><strong>25000 50000 75000 1000000 2000000 3500000
10000000</strong></td>
<td><strong>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 11, Table 4 (2023 Child Income Tax
Credit Income Table)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NMCTCAMT</td>
<td><strong>child income tax credit for each qualifying child by federal
AGI</strong></td>
<td><strong>600 400 200 100 75 50 25</strong></td>
<td><strong>PIT-RC Instructions, p. 11, Table 4 (2023 Child Income Tax
Credit Income Table)</strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-36">NY</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>New York State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPENEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum combined pension and disability income
exclusion</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 12-13, Line 29</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPENT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum pension income exclusion</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 12, Line 29</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXDISPY</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum yearly disability income exclusion (weekly amount
multiplied by 52 weeks)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-221 Instructions, Line 4 Limit on exclusion</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DISAGICT</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI at which disability income exclusion reduction
begins</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-221 Instructions, Line 4 Limit on exclusion</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDED1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 14-15, Line 34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16050.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 14-15, Line 34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDED4</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>11200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 14-15, Line 34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYMOOPPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of
federal AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-196, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYITMLIM</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are
limited</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>187900.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-196, Line 39</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYITMLIM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are
limited for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>313200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet
Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYITMLIM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are
limited for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>375850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet,
Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYITMLIM4</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which state itemized deductions are
limited for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>344500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet,
Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYITMPCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first percentage used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.8</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet,
Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYITMPCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second percentage used in the limitation of itemized
deductions</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-196 Instructions, p. 26,Total Itemized Deductions Worksheet,
Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TOPAGI</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to use state tax table to determine tax
liability</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>107650.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 39</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXL5</strong></td>
<td><strong>addition to TOPAGI to generate the maximum allowable state
AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 46, Tax Computation - New York AGI of
more than $107,650</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EMPNUM</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount for each qualifying child to determine the empire
state child credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-213, Line 13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EMPCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff for single and head of household filers
for the empire state child credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-213, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EMPCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff for joint filers for the empire state
child credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>110000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-213, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EMPL13</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage to determine the empire state child
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.33</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-213, Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EMPWSAL1</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount for each child who qualifies for the federal child
tax credit to calculate the empire state child credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet A, Line 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EMPWSAL5</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage used in the calculation of the empire state child
credit (percentage used on the federal AGI above cutoff)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet A, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EMPWSCL5</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount used in the calculation of the empire state child
credit (threshold used for earned income)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet B, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EMPWSCL6</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage used in the calculation of the empire state child
credit (percentage used on earned income above the threshold in
EMPWSCL5)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.15</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-213 Instructions, Worksheet B, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCPCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage applied to federal child care credit if state AGI
is below CCCMIN for the state child and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.1</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCPCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage applied to federal child care credit if state AGI
is above CCCMAX2 for the state child and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCPCT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage applied to federal child care credit if state AGI
is above CCCMAX1 and below CCCMAX2 for the state child and dependent
care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.6</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCMIN</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum state AGI to use percentage table lookup for the
state child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MIDBRKL</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum state AGI to claim 100 percent of the federal credit
as a state child and dependent care credit </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MIDBRKU</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income to claim 100 percent of the federal credit as
a state child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCMAX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to use income increment (CCCINCR) for the
state child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>65000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, Limitation Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCMAX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI to use percentage table lookup for the
state child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>150000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, Limitation Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCINCR</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI increment to change percentage of federal child
care credit claimed for the state child and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, Limitation Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXHH1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim the state household income
credit for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>28000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXHH2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim the state household credit for
head of household and joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>32000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXNYCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim the NYC household credit for
head of household and joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>22500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXNYC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first federal AGI cutoff to determine the NYC household
credit for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXNYC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second federal AGI cutoff to determine the NYC household
credit for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCHHCR1</strong></td>
<td><strong>first credit amount for the NYC household credit for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCHHCR2</strong></td>
<td><strong>second credit amount for the NYC household credit for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PERSEXM</strong></td>
<td><strong>exemption for dependents</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 36</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRATE</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit allowable
as a state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.3</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-215, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCHCRE11</strong></td>
<td><strong>NYC school tax credit for single filers with federal AGI
over $250,000</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCHCRE12</strong></td>
<td><strong>NYC school tax credit for head of household and joint filers
with federal AGI over $250,000</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCHCRE21</strong></td>
<td><strong>NYC school tax credit for single filers and head of
household filers with federal AGI less than $250,000</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>63.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCHCRE22</strong></td>
<td><strong>NYC school tax credit for joint filers with federal AGI less
than $250,000</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>125.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 27, Line 69 Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCUT11</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 8500 11700 13900 80650 215400 1077550 5000000 25000000
100000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 45, State Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCUT12</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 17150 23600 27900 161550 323200 2155350 5000000
25000000 100000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 45, State Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCUT13</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 12800 17650 20900 107650 269300 1616450 5000000
25000000 100000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 46, State Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 0.04 0.045 0.0525 0.055 0.06 0.0685 0.0965 0.103
0.109</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 45-46, State Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCCUT11</strong></td>
<td><strong>NYC income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 12000 25000 50000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCCUT12</strong></td>
<td><strong>NYC income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 21600 45000 90000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCCUT13</strong></td>
<td><strong>NYC income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 14400 30000 60000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>NYC income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 0.03078 0.03762 0.03819 0.03876</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 52, NYC Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCUTH1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs to determine the household credit for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5000 6000 7000 20000 25000 28000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCUTH2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs to determine the household credit for
head of household and joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5000 6000 7000 20000 22000 25000 28000
32000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHCRED1</strong></td>
<td><strong>household credit by federal AGI for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75 60 50 45 40 20</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 15, Line 40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHCRED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>household credit by federal AGI for head of household and
joint filers with one dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>90 75 65 60 60 50 40 20</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHCR2IN</strong></td>
<td><strong>increments to increase household credit by federal AGI for
head of household or joint filers for each additional
dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15 15 15 15 10 10 5 5</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 16, Line 40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCCC</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child care credit claimed as a state
child and dependent care credit by state AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.100 1.099 1.098 1.097 1.095 1.094 1.093 1.091 1.090
1.089 1.087 1.086 1.085 1.083 1.082 1.081 1.079 1.078 1.077 1.075 1.074
1.073 1.071 1.070 1.069 1.067 1.066 1.065 1.063 1.062 1.061 1.059 1.058
1.057 1.055 1.054 1.053 1.051 1.050 1.049 1.047 1.046 1.045 1.043 1.042
1.041 1.039 1.038 1.037 1.035 1.034 1.033 1.031 1.030 1.029 1.027 1.026
1.025 1.023 1.022 1.021 1.019 1.018 1.017 1.015 1.014 1.013 1.011 1.010
1.009 1.007 1.006 1.005 1.003 1.002 1.001 1.00 1.162 1.150 1.137 1.125
1.112 1.099 1.088 1.075 1.062 1.050 1.037 1.025 1.013 1.000 0.987 0.975
0.963 0.950 0.938 0.925 0.912 0.901 0.888 0.875 0.863 0.927 0.913 0.900
0.886 0.872 0.859 0.845 0.831 0.819 0.805 0.791 0.778 0.764 0.750 0.737
0.723 0.709 0.696 0.682 0.668 0.656 0.642 0.628 0.615 0.601 1.070 1.047
1.022 0.996 0.973 0.947 0.922 0.899 0.873 0.848 0.824 0.799 0.773 0.750
0.724 0.699 0.676 0.650 0.625 0.601 0.576 0.550 0.527 0.502 0.476 0.600
0.200</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 7, Limitation Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCITYCCC</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs for the NYC child and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000 25200 25400 25600 25800 26000 26200 26400 26600
26800 27000 27200 27400 27600 27800 28000 28200 28400 28600 28800 29000
29200 29400 29600 29800 30000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, NYC child and dependent care credit
limitation table (Not currently used in code)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCITYCCCRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of the state child and dependent care credit
claimable as a NYC child and dependent care credit by federal
AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.750 0.735 0.705 0.675 0.645 0.615 0.585 0.555 0.525
0.495 0.465 0.435 0.405 0.375 0.345 0.315 0.285 0.255 0.225 0.195 0.165
0.135 0.105 0.075 0.045 0.015 0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216 Instructions, p. 8, NYC child and dependent care credit
limitation table (Not currently used in code)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCCUTH2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs to determine NYC household credit for
head of household and joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000 17500 20000 22500</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCCRED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>NYC household credit by federal AGI for head of household
and joint filers with one dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30 25 15 10</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCHCR2IN</strong></td>
<td><strong>increment to increase NYC household credit by federal AGI
for head of household and joint filers for each additional
dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30 25 15 10</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-201 Instructions, p. 18, Line 48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FEDCCCRED</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum qualified expenses by the number of qualifying
dependents for the state child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000 6000 7500 8500 9000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-216, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FEDCCCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoffs to determine percentage for the state
child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000 17000 19000 21000 23000 25000 27000 29000 31000
33000 35000 37000 39000 41000 43000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 216 Instructions, Line 10</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FEDCCPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage by federal AGI for the state child and dependent
care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.25
0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 216 Instructions, Line 10</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM11</strong></td>
<td><strong>first bracket tax computation for high earner single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 48, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 7</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM12</strong></td>
<td><strong>second bracket tax computation for high earner single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>568.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 49, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 8, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM13</strong></td>
<td><strong>third bracket tax computation for high earner single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2399.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 49, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 9, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM14</strong></td>
<td><strong>fourth bracket tax computation for high earner single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>32571.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 49, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 10, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM21</strong></td>
<td><strong>first bracket tax computation for high earner joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 46, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 1</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM22</strong></td>
<td><strong>second bracket tax computation for high earner joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>333.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 47, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 2, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM23</strong></td>
<td><strong>third bracket tax computation for high earner joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1140.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 47, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 3, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM24</strong></td>
<td><strong>fourth bracket tax computation for high earner joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3887.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 47, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 4, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM25</strong></td>
<td><strong>fifth bracket tax computation for high earner joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>64237.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 48, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 5, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM41</strong></td>
<td><strong>first bracket tax computation for high earner head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 50, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 12</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM42</strong></td>
<td><strong>second bracket tax computation for high earner head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>787.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 50, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 13, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM43</strong></td>
<td><strong>third bracket tax computation for high earner head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3076.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 51, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 14, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYHIEARNLIM44</strong></td>
<td><strong>fourth bracket tax computation for high earner head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>48337.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 201 Instructions, p. 51, Tax computation, AGI more than
$107,650, Worksheet 15, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCEICRT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentages for the NYC earned income tax
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.30 0.30 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15
0.10</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form IT-215 Instructions, p. 4, NYC EIC Rate
Table</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCEICAG</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI cutoffs for the NYC earned income tax
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5000 7500 15000 17500 20000 22500 40000 42500
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form IT-215 Instructions, p. 4, NYC EIC Rate
Table</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>NYCEICPT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage for the NYC earned income tax
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2.0e-5</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form IT-215 Instructions, p. 3, NYC EIC Rate
Worksheet</strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-37">NC</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>North Carolina State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12750.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-400 Schedule A, Standard Deduction Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD2</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-400 Schedule A, Standard Deduction Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD3</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>19125.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-400 Schedule A, Standard Deduction Chart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NCRLINMX</td>
<td><strong>maximum deduction of interest and real estate
taxes</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-400 Schedule A, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDCRD1</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : higher child credit amount. Tax
year 2018 and after : highest child deduction amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDCRD2</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : lower child credit amount. Tax year
2018 and after : second highest child deduction amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDCRD3</td>
<td><strong>third highest child deduction amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDCRD4</td>
<td><strong>fourth highest child deduction amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDCRD5</td>
<td><strong>fifth highest child deduction amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDCRD6</td>
<td><strong>lowest child deduction amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC11</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : maximum income to claim higher
child credit amount for single filers. Tax year 2018 and after : maximum
federal AGI to claim highest child deduction amount for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC12</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : maximum income to claim child
credit for single filers. Tax year 2018 and after : maximum federal AGI
to claim second highest child deduction amount for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC13</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim third highest child deduction
amount for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC14</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim fourth highest child deduction
amount for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC15</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim fifth highest child deduction
amount for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>60000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC16</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim child deduction amount for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>70000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC21</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : maximum income to claim higher
child credit amount for joint filers. Tax year 2018 and after : maximum
federal AGI to claim highest child deduction amount for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC22</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : maximum income to claim child
credit for joint filers. Tax year 2018 and after : maximum federal AGI
to claim second highest child deduction amount for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>60000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC23</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim third highest child deduction
amount for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>80000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC24</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim fourth highest child deduction
amount for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC25</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim fifth highest child deduction
amount for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>120000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC26</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim child deduction amount for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>140000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC41</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : maximum income to claim higher
child credit amount for head of household filers. Tax year 2018 and
after : maximum federal AGI to claim higher child deduction amount for
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC42</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : maximum income to claim child
credit for head of household filers. Tax year 2018 and after : maximum
federal AGI to claim second highest child deduction amount for head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>45000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC43</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim third highest child deduction
amount for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>60000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC44</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim fourth highest child deduction
amount for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC45</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim fifth highest child deduction
amount for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>90000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CHLDC46</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to claim child deduction amount for head
of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>105000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions, p. 13, Child Deduction Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NCTAXRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rate for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.75e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-401 Instructions p. 14, Line 15 Tax Rate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NCMOOPRAT</td>
<td><strong>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of
federal AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7.5e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form D-400 Schedule A, Line 7c</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-38">ND</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>North Dakota State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NDTCUT1</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 44725 225975 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NDTCUT2</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 74750 275100 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NDTCUT4</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 59950 250550 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NDTRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0 0.0195 0.0250</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 28, Tax Rate Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NDMCRMN1</td>
<td><strong>minimum combined taxable income for joint filers to claim
marriage penalty credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>74862.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet, p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit
Worksheet Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NDMCRMN2</td>
<td><strong>minimum individual qualified income of lower income spouse
to claim marriage penalty credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>43980.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit
Worksheet Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NDMCRLN5</td>
<td><strong>amount used in the calculation of the marriage penalty
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit
Worksheet Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NDMCRMAX</td>
<td><strong>maximum marriage penalty credit amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>287.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Booklet p. 14, Marriage Penalty Credit
Worksheet Line 13</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-39">OH</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Ohio State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OHBUSMAX</td>
<td>maximum business income deduction</td>
<td><em><strong>250000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule IT BUS, Line 12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OHBUSRAT</td>
<td>business income tax rate</td>
<td><em><strong>3.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule IT BUS, Line 16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PEAMT1</td>
<td><strong>first personal exemption amount for filers with modified AGI
at or below PECUT1</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PEAMT2</td>
<td><strong>second personal exemption amount for filers with modified
AGI above PECUT1 and at or below PECUT2</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2150.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PEAMT3</td>
<td><strong>third personal exemption amount for filers with modified AGI
above PECUT2</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1900.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PECUT1</td>
<td><strong>first threshold to determine personal
exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PECUT2</td>
<td><strong>second threshold to determine personal
exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>80000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 17, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CREDELD</td>
<td><strong>senior citizen credit per return</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ELDCUT</td>
<td><strong>maximum modified AGI for senior citizen credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 27, Schedule of Credits, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXCRRET</td>
<td><strong>retirement income credit amount per return</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 27, Schedule of Credits, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EXCRDAMT</td>
<td><strong>exemption credit amount per exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXIEXE</td>
<td><strong>maximum modified AGI (less exemptions) to claim exemption
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXICCC</td>
<td><strong>maximum modified AGI to claim child and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCCUT1</td>
<td><strong>maximum modified AGI to claim 100 percent of the federal
child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 44, Child and Dependent Care
Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCPCT1</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child and dependent care credit
allowable for filers with modified AGI equal to or greater than CCCUT1
(and less than MAXICCC)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 44, Child and Dependent Care
Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>JFMININC</td>
<td><strong>minimum income for each spouse to claim joint filing
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 28, Schedule of Credits, Line
12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>JFCMAX</td>
<td><strong>maximum joint filing credit amount per return</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>650.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line
12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OHEITC</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.3</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line
13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>JFILCRC</td>
<td><strong>modified AGI (less exemptions) thresholds for joint filing
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000 50000 75000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line
12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>JFILPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of tax liability to compute joint filing credit
amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 29, Schedule of Credits, Line
12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RETCUT</td>
<td><strong>retirement income thresholds to determine retirement income
credit amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500 1500 3000 5000 8000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 43, Table 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RETCAMT</td>
<td><strong>retirement income credit amounts</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 25 50 80 130 200</strong></em></td>
<td>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 43, Table 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OHTXCUT</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 26050 100000 115300 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 46, Income Tax
Brackets</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OHTXRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0 0.02750 0.03688 0.03750</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>IT 1040 Instruction Booklet, p. 46, Income Tax
Brackets</strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-40">OK</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Oklahoma State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXPEN</td>
<td><strong>maximum public pension exclusion</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 17, Schedule 511-A, Line A5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MILPCT</td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2022 : military retirement income
exclusion is the greater of this percentage of the unit's military
retirement benefits and the amount in MILMIN, not to exceed the amount
included in federal AGI. Tax year 2022 and after : percentage of
military retirement benefits allowable for exclusion, not to exceed the
amount included in federal AGI</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 17, Schedule 511-A Line A4 (may exclude 100% of
retirement benefits)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCCCUT</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for the child care credit
or the child tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 11, Line 15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CTCPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of the federal child tax credit that can be
claimed</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 11, Line 15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CCCPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of the federal child care credit that can be
claimed</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.2</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 11, Line 15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MAXMILX</td>
<td><strong>amount of military pay that can be excluded</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0e7</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 21, Schedule 511-C Line C1 (military pay is fully
excluded)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SPECX1</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for a special additional
exemption for single filers who are 65 years or older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 9, Section F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SPECX2</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for a special additional
exemption for joint filers who are 65 years or older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 9, Section F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SPECX3</td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI to be eligible for a special additional
exemption for head of household filers who are 65 years or
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>19000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 9, Section F</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6350.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 10, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD2</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 10, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD4</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9350.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 10, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OKITMLIM</td>
<td><strong>limit on state itemized deductions (charitable contributions
and medical expenses are not subject to this limit)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>17000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule 511-D, Line 7 or 511 Packet p. 10, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PERXAMT</td>
<td><strong>amount per exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 511, Line 11 or 511 Packet, p. 10, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EICPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit that can
be claimed</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule 511-G, Line 2 or 511 Packet, p. 15, Line 28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OKSLIM1</td>
<td><strong>first total household income limit for the sales tax
relief/credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 52, Form 538-S Instructions, Step 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OKSLIM2</td>
<td><strong>second total household income limit for the sales tax
relief/credit (eligible for credit if income is between first and second
limit and a dependent exemption, age 65 or older, or a
disability)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 52, Form 538-S Instructions, Step 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OKSALAMT</td>
<td><strong>sales tax relief/credit amount per exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>40.0</strong></em></td>
<td>511 Packet, p. 51, Form 538-S, Line 15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OKTCUT1</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 1000 2500 3750 4900 7200 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>General Information / Oklahoma Tax Rates (on website)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OKTCUT2</td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 2000 5000 7500 9800 12200 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>General Information / Oklahoma Tax Rates (on website)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>OKTRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rates for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0025 0.0075 0.0175 0.0275 0.0375
0.0475</strong></em></td>
<td>General Information / Oklahoma Tax Rates (on website)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-41">OR</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Oregon State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXAMT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for each qualifying exemption
below limit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>236.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXAMT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for each qualifying exemption
above cutoff</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXCUT11</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption amount
for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXCUT21</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption amount
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXCUT41</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff to determine personal exemption amount
for head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>200000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 100, Exemption credit (ORS 316.085)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2605.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Miscellaneous Oregon income tax
information, Standard deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5210.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Miscellaneous Oregon income tax
information, Standard deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4195.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Miscellaneous Oregon income tax
information, Standard deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDADD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional standard deduction for single and head of
household filers age 65 or older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 97, Standard deduction - Age 65 or older,
blind</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDADD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional standard deduction for joint filers age 65 or
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 97, Standard deduction - Age 65 or older,
blind</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RETCC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum household income to claim retirement income credit
for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>22500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RETCC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum household income to claim retirement income credit
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>45000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXSS1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum social security benefits to claim retirement income
credit for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXSS2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum social security benefits to claim retirement income
credit for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 109, Credit Code 811</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HHBASE1</strong></td>
<td><strong>household income base to determine retirement income credit
for single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 110, Credit Code 811, Step 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>HHBASE2</strong></td>
<td><strong>household income base to determine retirement income credit
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 110, Credit Code 811, Step 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>FEDRPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal pension deductible from state income
(assuming retirement at 65 in 12/2023 and a 45 year career using
worksheet)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.285</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 75, Subtraction Code 307</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PCTRETD</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage used to calculate retirement income
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 110, Credit Code 811, Step 12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MILEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum other military income subtraction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 21, Subtraction Code 319</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>9.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 122, Earned income credit (ORS 315.266)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICPCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state earned income tax credit if youngest dependent is under three
years old</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.12</strong></em></td>
<td>Publication OR-17, p. 122, Earned income credit (ORS 315.266)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum amount for the working family household and
dependent care credit if claiming one qualifying
individual</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Schedule OR-WFHDC, Line 16</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum amount for the working family household and
dependent care credit if claiming two or more qualifying
individuals</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>24000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Schedule OR-WFHDC, Line 16</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORMAXERN</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal or state AGI (whichever is greater) limits by
household size for the working family household and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 59160 74580 90000 105420 120840 136260
151680</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Publication OR-17, p. 125, Credit Code 895</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORPOVC</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal poverty guidelines for calculation of working family
household and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14580 19720 24860 30000 35140 40280 45420
50560</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>HHS, ASPE, Federal Poverty Guidelines 2023
(https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/01/19/2023-00885/annual-update-of-the-hhs-poverty-guidelines)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORRATCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal poverty guideline brackets to
determine applicable percentage for the working family household and
dependent care credit (income is greater of federal or state
AGI)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 110 120 130 140 150 160 200
210 220 230 240 250 260 280</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023
(https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORRATMAX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum poverty threshold to be eligible for the working
family household and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>300.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023
(https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORWFCKD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child 18
years or older if disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.05 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.50
0.45 0.39 0.33 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.05 0.04
0.04</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023
(https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORWFCKD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child at
least 6 years old but less than 13, or at least 13 but less than 18 if
disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.05 0.15 0.25 0.35 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.66
0.61 0.56 0.50 0.45 0.42 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.04
0.04</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023
(https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORWFCKD3</strong></td>
<td><strong>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child at
least 3 years old but less than 6</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.08 0.18 0.28 0.38 0.48 0.53 0.58 0.63 0.68 0.73 0.69
0.64 0.59 0.53 0.48 0.45 0.43 0.38 0.33 0.28 0.18 0.08 0.06
0.04</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023
(https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORWFCKD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>applicable percentage for filers with youngest child under 3
years old</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.71
0.66 0.61 0.55 0.50 0.47 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.06
0.04</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Oregon Statute 315.264 2023
(https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors315.html)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORTCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 4050 10200 125000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Marginal tax rates</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORTCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household and joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 8100 20400 250000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Marginal tax rates</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 .0475 .0675 .0875 .099</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Publication OR-17, p. 146, Marginal tax rates</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORFTCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI brackets to determine federal tax liability
subtraction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 125000 130000 135000 140000 145000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Publication OR-17, p. 74, Table 9 Federal tax liability
subtraction AGI phase-out</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORFTCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI brackets to determine federal tax liability
subtraction for head of household and joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 250000 260000 270000 280000 290000
10000000</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Publication OR-17, p. 74, Table 9 Federal tax liability
subtraction AGI phase-out</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ORFTDED</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal tax liability subtraction by federal AGI
bracket</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7800 6250 4700 3100 1550 0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Publication OR-17, p. 74, Table 9 Federal tax liability
subtraction AGI phase-out</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MEDCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI brackets for the special medical subtraction for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 25000 50000 100001</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Publication OR-17, p. 85, Special Oregon medical (ORS
316.693), Subtraction code 351, Table 11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MEDCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI brackets for the special medical subtraction for
joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 50000 100000 200001</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Publication OR-17, p. 85, Special Oregon medical (ORS
316.693), Subtraction code 351, Table 11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MEDAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum special medical subtraction per qualifying
taxpayer</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1800 1400 1000 0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Publication OR-17, p. 85, Special Oregon medical (ORS
316.693), Subtraction code 351, Table 11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ORKIDSMAX</td>
<td><strong>maximum income after subtractions to qualify for the kids
credit</strong></td>
<td><em>30000.0</em></td>
<td><strong>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit
Worksheet, Line 3</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ORKIDSPHASEOUT</td>
<td><strong>income phaseout for the kids credit</strong></td>
<td><em>25000.0</em></td>
<td><strong>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit
Worksheet, Line 4</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ORKIDSINCR</td>
<td><strong>increment used in the calculation of the kids credit
phaseout</strong></td>
<td><em>5000.0</em></td>
<td><strong>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit
Worksheet, Line 6</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ORKIDSAMT</td>
<td><strong>maximum credit per child for the kids credit</strong></td>
<td><em>1000.0</em></td>
<td><strong>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19, Oregon Kids Credit
Worksheet, Line 7b</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ORKICKCREDPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of state tax liability to determine kicker credit
amount</strong></td>
<td><em>0.4428</em></td>
<td><strong>Form OR-40 Instructions, p. 19-20, Line 38</strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-42">PA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Pennsylvania State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PATAXRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rate for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.07e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 21, Line 12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>REBCNT</strong></td>
<td><strong>number of columns in tax forgiveness table (Eligibility
Income Table 1 and 2)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 39, Schedule SP (Line 21), Eligibility
Income Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>REBCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income brackets to determine rebate percentage for tax
forgiveness for single and head of household filers (across the table by
row)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6500 6750 7000 7250 7500 7750 8000 8250 8500 8750 16000
16250 16500 16750 17000 17250 17500 17750 18000 18250 25500 25750 26000
26250 26500 26750 27000 27250 27500 27750 35000 35250 35500 35750 36000
36250 36500 36750 37000 37250 44500 44750 45000 45250 45500 45750 46000
46250 46500 46750 54000 54250 54500 54750 55000 55250 55500 55750 56000
56250 63500 63750 64000 64250 64500 64750 65000 65250 65500 65750 73000
73250 73500 73750 74000 74250 74500 74750 75000 75250 82500 82750 83000
83250 83500 83750 84000 84250 84500 84750 92000 92250 92500 92750 93000
93250 93500 93750 94000 94250</strong></em></td>
<td>Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 39, Schedule SP (Line 21), Eligibility
Income Table 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>REBCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income brackets to determine rebate percentage for tax
forgiveness for joint filers (across the table by row)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13000 13250 13500 13750 14000 14250 14500 14750 15000
15250 22500 22750 23000 23250 23500 23750 24000 24250 24500 24750 32000
32250 32500 32750 33000 33250 33500 33750 34000 34250 41500 41750 42000
42250 42500 42750 43000 43250 43500 43750 51000 51250 51500 51750 52000
52250 52500 52750 53000 53250 60500 60750 61000 61250 61500 61750 62000
62250 62500 62750 70000 70250 70500 70750 71000 71250 71500 71750 72000
72250 79500 79750 80000 80250 80500 80750 81000 81250 81500 81750 89000
89250 89500 89750 90000 90250 90500 90750 91000 91250 98500 98750 99000
99250 99500 99750 100000 100250 100500 100750</strong></em></td>
<td>Form PA-40 Instructions, p. 39, Schedule SP (Line 21), Eligibility
Income Table 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PACDCINC</td>
<td><strong>household income above which the maximum child and dependent
care credit amount decreases for all filers</strong></td>
<td>43000.0</td>
<td>Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PACDCLOW1</td>
<td><strong>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with
household income equal to or less than PACDCINC with one
dependent</strong></td>
<td>1050.0</td>
<td>Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PACDCLOW2</td>
<td><strong>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with
household income equal to or less than PACDCINC with two or more
dependents</strong></td>
<td>2100.0</td>
<td>Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PACDCHIGH1</td>
<td><strong>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with
household income over PACDCINC with one dependent</strong></td>
<td>600.0</td>
<td>Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PACDCHIGH2</td>
<td><strong>maximum child and dependent care credit for units with
household income over PACDCINC with two or more dependents</strong></td>
<td>1200.0</td>
<td>Form P-40, Schedule DC Instructions, Line 2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-43">RI</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Rhode Island State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RISTD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 4</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RISTD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20050.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 4</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RISTD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15050.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 4</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RIEXEMP</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for head, spouse, and each
dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 6</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CREDRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child and dependent care expenses
credit claimable as a state credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.25</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 6, Schedule I, Line 21</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICREFP</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal EITC claimable as a state
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.15</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 6, Schedule EIC, Line 39</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RISTCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>modified federal AGI cutoff for reduced personal exemption
amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>233750.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 4, Line 6</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RIRETCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff for pension exclusion for single and head
of household filers age 65 and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>101000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 9, Schedule M, Line 1t</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RIRETCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff for pension exclusion for joint filers
with at least one spouse age 65 and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>126250.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 9, Schedule M, Line 1t</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RIRETAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum pension exclusion amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 9, Schedule M, Line 1t</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RISSCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff for social security exclusion for single
and head of household filers age 65 and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>101000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Taxable Social Security Income Worksheet, Step 1, Line 6</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RISSCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI cutoff for social security exclusion for joint
filers with at least one spouse age 65 and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>126250.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Taxable Social Security Income Worksheet, Step 1, Line 6</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RITCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 73450 166950 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 11, Tax Computation Worksheet</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RITRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0375 0.0475 0.0599</strong></em></td>
<td>Resident Instructions, p. 11, Tax Computation Worksheet</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RISTDCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>modified federal AGI cutoffs to determine reduction
percentage for standard deduction (calculated using
instructions)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>240450 247150 253850 260550 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Standard Deduction Worksheet</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RISTDRT</strong></td>
<td><strong>reduction percentage for standard deduction for each
cutoff</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Standard Deduction Worksheet</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RIEICRAT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal EITC that is refundable for the state
EITC</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.15</strong></em></td>
<td>Form RI-1040, Line 14d</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-44">SC</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>South Carolina State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CCCPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal child and dependent care expense
credit claimable as a state child and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 15, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXCCC</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state child and dependent care credit per child (up
to two)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>210.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 15, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>TWOERAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage used to calculate the two wage earner
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7.0e-3</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 16, Line 12, Two Wage
Earner Credit Worksheet, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LIM2ECR</strong></td>
<td><strong>earned income limit for two wage earner credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 16, Line 12, Two Wage
Earner Credit Worksheet, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAX2ECR</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum two wage earner credit amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>350.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 16, Line 12, Two Wage
Earner Credit Worksheet, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEND1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum retirement deduction for persons under age
65</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 8, Line P1 - P3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXPEND2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum retirement deduction for persons age 65 or
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 8, Line P1 - P3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MXMILPN1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum additional amount of military retirement deduction
for persons under age 65</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0e7</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 10, Line P4 - P6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MXMILPN2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum additional amount of military retirement deduction
for persons age 65 or older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0e7</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 10, Line P4 - P6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCTCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 3330 16680 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form SC4972, p. 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SCTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0 0.03 0.064</strong></em></td>
<td>Form SC4972, p. 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGEDMAX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income deduction for persons age 65 or
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 10, Line Q</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ADDX6AMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional deduction amount for each dependent under age
six</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4610.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return Instructions, p. 12, Line T</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit allowed as a
state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.25</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Packet, p. 3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-45">TN</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Tennessee State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th><strong></strong></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2015 Value</td>
<td>2015 Source</td>
<td>2016 Value</td>
<td>2016 Source</td>
<td>2017 Value</td>
<td>2017 Source</td>
<td>2018 Value</td>
<td>2018 Source</td>
<td>2019 Value</td>
<td>2019 Source</td>
<td>2020 Value</td>
<td>2020 Source</td>
<td>2021 Value</td>
<td>2021 Source</td>
<td>Number of parameters in arrays</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD1</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for single or head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>1250.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td>1250.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td>1250.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td>1250.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td>1250.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td><em><strong>1250.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td><em><strong></strong></em></td>
<td>Income Tax completely phased out in 2021</td>
<td>1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STD2</td>
<td><strong>standard deduction amount for married filing jointly
filers</strong></td>
<td>2500.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td>2500.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td>2500.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td>2500.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td>2500.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td><em><strong>2500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 2</td>
<td><em><strong></strong></em></td>
<td></td>
<td>1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TNTAXRAT</td>
<td><strong>income tax rate</strong></td>
<td>6.0e-2</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td>
<td>5.0e-2</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td>
<td>4.0e-2</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td>
<td>3.0e-2</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td>
<td>2.0e-2</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td>
<td><em><strong>1.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Line 4</td>
<td><em><strong></strong></em></td>
<td></td>
<td>1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MININC1</td>
<td><strong>maximum income for tax exemption for aged 65+ for single and
head of household returns</strong></td>
<td>37000.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td>
<td>37000.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td>
<td>37000.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td>
<td>37000.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td>
<td>37000.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td>
<td><em><strong>37000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td>
<td><em><strong></strong></em></td>
<td></td>
<td>1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MININC2</td>
<td><strong>maximum income for tax exemption for aged 65+ for married
filing jointly returns</strong></td>
<td>68000.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td>
<td>68000.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Affidavit for Exemption</td>
<td>68000.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td>
<td>68000.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions</td>
<td>68000.0</td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td>
<td><em><strong>68000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Individual Income Tax Return, Exemptions, Pg 4</td>
<td><em><strong></strong></em></td>
<td></td>
<td>1.0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-46">UT</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Utah State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount per dependent</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1941.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MINTAX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which filers are required to pay state
income taxes for single filers </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>13850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 9, Line 21, Step 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MINTAX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which filers are required to pay state
income taxes for joint filers </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>27700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 9, Line 21, Step 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MINTAX4</strong></td>
<td><strong>federal AGI above which filers are required to pay state
income taxes for head of household filers </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 9, Line 21, Step 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>UTPENAGE</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum age to qualify for retirement credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>71.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 18, Part 3, #18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGPENEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum retirement credit for filers aged UTPENAGE or
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>450.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 18, Line 1, Retirement Credit
Worksheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>modified AGI above which the retirement credit is reduced
for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 19, Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line
7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>modified AGI above which the retirement credit is reduced
for joint and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>32000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 19, Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line
7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PENPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage reduction in retirement credit </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2.5e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 19, Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line
9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>UTTAXRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rate for all filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.65e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>INITCRED</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage to calculate initial credit before phase-out for
taxpayer tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>6.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PHASE1</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount to deduct from taxable income to calculate income
subject to phase-out for taxpayer tax credit for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16742.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PHASE2</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount to deduct from taxable income to calculate income
subject to phase-out for taxpayer tax credit for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>33484.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PHASE4</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount to deduct from taxable income to calculate income
subject to phase-out for taxpayer tax credit for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25114.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PHASEOUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage to determine phase-out amount for taxpayer tax
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.3e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 8, Line 19</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>UTSSCUT1</td>
<td><strong>modified AGI cutoff for single filers for the social
security credit </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>45000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Credit
Worksheet, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>UTSSCUT2</td>
<td><strong>modified AGI cutoff for joint and head of household filers
for the social security credit </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Credit
Worksheet, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>UTSSPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage used for reduction in social security
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2.5e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Credit
Worksheet, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>UTMILPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage used for calculation of the military retirement
credit and social security credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.65e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AH, Social Security Benefits Credit
Worksheet, Line 7 and Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AJ, Military
Retirement Credit Worksheet, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>UTEITPCT</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as
a state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form TC-40 Instructions, p. 21, AM, Earned Income Tax Credit
Worksheet, Line 2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-47">VT</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Vermont State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>7000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14050.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10550.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STDADD</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional standard deduction for filers that are 65 or
older or blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1150.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for each exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4850.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111, Line 5e</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SSEXLIM11</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI for partial retirement income exemption for
single and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>60000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-112 Instructions, Retirement Income Exemption Worksheet,
Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SSEXLIM12</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI for full retirement income exemption for single
and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-112 Instructions, Social Security Exemption Worksheet, Line
3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SSEXLIM21</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI for partial retirement income exemption for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-112 Instructions, Social Security Exemption Worksheet, Line
2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SSEXLIM22</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI for full retirement income exemption for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>65000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-112 Instructions, Social Security Exemption Worksheet, Line
3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as
a state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.38</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-112 Instructions, Part II, Line 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CREDRAT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>before 2023: percentage of federal credits allowed as state
credits; beginning in 2023: percentage of federal credits (including
credit for the elderly or the disabled) allowed as subtraction from
income</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.24</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-119, Line 12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CREDRAT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of the federal child and dependent care credit
allowed as a refundable state child and dependent care
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.72</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-112 Instructions, Part II, Line 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VTAMTMIN</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum federal AGI to require minimum state income
tax</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>150000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VTAMTPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum state income tax rate</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 7, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CHRTYPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of charitable contributions that are tax
deductible</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111, Line 12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CHRTYMAX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum charitable contribution deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111, Line 13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VTCAPEAMT</td>
<td>maximum exclusion for net adjusted capital gains</td>
<td><em><strong>5000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-153 Instructions, Part I, Flat Exclusion</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VTTCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 45400 110050 229550 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VTTCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 75850 183400 279450 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VTTCUT4</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 60850 157150 254500 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VTTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 0.0335 0.066 0.076 0.0875</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-111 Instructions, p. 12, Rate Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VTCTCMAX</td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI to qualify for the state child tax
credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>174000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-112 Instructions, p. 4, Child Tax Credit Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VTCTCCUT</td>
<td><strong>AGI thresholds to determine the amount of the state child
tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>125000 126000 127000 128000 129000 130000 131000 132000
133000 134000 135000 136000 137000 138000 139000 140000 141000 142000
143000 144000 145000 146000 147000 148000 149000 150000 151000 152000
153000 154000 155000 156000 157000 158000 159000 160000 161000 162000
163000 164000 165000 166000 167000 168000 169000 170000 171000 172000
173000 174000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-112 Instructions, p. 4, Child Tax Credit Table</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VTCTCAMT</td>
<td><strong>state child tax credit amounts corresponding to the AGI
thresholds</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1000 980 960 940 920 900 880 860 840 820 800 780 760 740
720 700 680 660 640 620 600 580 560 540 520 500 480 460 440 420 400 380
360 340 320 300 280 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40
20</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IN-112 Instructions, p. 4, Child Tax Credit Table</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-48">VA</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Virginia State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXMAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for each exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>930.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 9, Exemptions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>ELDEXAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption amount for persons aged 65 and over or
blind</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>800.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 9, Exemptions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 12, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>STD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 12, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>BASEDED</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum age deduction for persons aged 65 and
over</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 10, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGECUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum adjusted federal AGI to receive full age deduction
for single and head of household filers </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 11, Line 4 Worksheet Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGECUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum adjusted federal AGI to receive full age deduction
for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>75000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 11, Line 4 Worksheet Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VADISMAX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum disability income subtraction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 19, Line 5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VANOTAX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI threshold at which single and head of household
filers are required to file</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>11950.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760, Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VANOTAX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI threshold at which joint filers are required to
file</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>23900.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760, Line 9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VAMOOPRAT</td>
<td>medical expense deduction allowed above this percentage of federal
AGI</td>
<td><em><strong>0.1</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VAITMPCT1</td>
<td>first percentage used in calculation of limited itemized
deductions</td>
<td><em><strong>0.8</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VAITMPCT2</td>
<td>second percentage used in calculation of limited itemized
deductions</td>
<td><em><strong>3.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VAITMLIM1</td>
<td>federal AGI threshold above which itemized deductions are limited
for single filers</td>
<td><em><strong>307400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VAITMLIM2</td>
<td>federal AGI threshold above which itemized deductions are limited
for joint filers</td>
<td><em><strong>368900.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule A, Limited Itemized Deduction Worksheet, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LIEXEMP</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount per exemption for the credit for low-income
individuals</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>300.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VAEICPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as
a non-refundable state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VASPOUL5</strong></td>
<td><strong>state AGI with personal exemptions subtracted above which
filer receives maximum spouse tax adjustment</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>17000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 13, Spouse Tax Adjustment Worksheet Line
5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VASPOUL4</strong></td>
<td><strong>taxable income above which filers receives maximum spouse
tax adjustment</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>34000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 13, Spouse Tax Adjustment Worksheet Line
5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VASPOUMX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum amount of spouse tax adjustment</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>259.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 13, Spouse Tax Adjustment Worksheet Line
5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VACUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum state AGI by the number of eligible exemptions to
claim the credit for low-income individuals (equal to the federal
poverty guidelines; need to calculate values for more than eight
exemptions)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14580 19720 24860 30000 35140 40280 45420 50560 55700
60840 65980 71120 76260 81400 86540</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VACUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 3000 5000 17000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VARAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.0575</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedule</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VAREBMAX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>tax rebate for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td>200.0</td>
<td>https://www.tax.virginia.gov/rebate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>VAREBMAX2</strong></td>
<td><strong>tax rebate for joint filers</strong></td>
<td>400.0</td>
<td>https://www.tax.virginia.gov/rebate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>VAEICPCTREF</td>
<td><strong>percentage of federal earned income tax credit claimable as
a refundable state earned income tax credit</strong></td>
<td>0.15</td>
<td>Form 760 Instructions, p. 25, Line 16b</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-49">WV</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>West Virginia State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EXEMAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for each exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-140, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MINEXAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>minimum exemption amount (if claiming no
exemptions)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>500.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form IT-140, Line 6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>LOWERN</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum exclusion for the low-income earned income
exclusion</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 29, Low-Income Earned Income Exclusion Worksheet,
Line C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXAGI</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI allowed for the low-income earned income
exclusion </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>10000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 29, Low-Income Earned Income Exclusion Worksheet,
Line A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MXDISAMT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income deduction for filers aged 65 and over or
disabled</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>8000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 27-28, Line 47, Example of Senior Citizen
Deduction Calculation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MILMAX1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum initial deduction for military retirement
income</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0e7</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 30</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>GOVPENEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum deduction for state and federal retirement
income</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>2000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WVSSPCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of social security benefits allowable as a
deduction</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>1.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 32</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WVSSLIM1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for social security deduction for single
and head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>50000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 32</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WVSSLIM2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum federal AGI for social security deduction for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>100000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 26, Line 32</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WVRBCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>modified federal AGI brackets by the number of family
members in the household to determine the family tax credit
percentage</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>14580 14880 15180 15480 15780 16080 16380 16680 16980
17280 19720 20020 20320 20620 20920 21220 21520 21820 22120 22420 24860
25160 25460 25760 26060 26360 26660 26960 27260 27560 30000 30300 30600
30900 31200 31500 31800 32100 32400 32700 35140 35440 35740 36040 36340
36640 36940 37240 37540 37840 40280 40580 40880 41180 41480 41780 42080
42380 42680 42980 45420 45720 46020 46320 46620 46920 47220 47520 47820
48120 50560 50860 51160 51460 51760 52060 52360 52660 52960
53260</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 12, Family Tax Credit Tables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WVTCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 10000 25000 40000 60000 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedules</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WVTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.0236 0.0315 0.0354 0.0472
0.0512</strong></em></td>
<td>IT-140 Booklet, p. 35, Tax Rate Schedules</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-50">WI</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Wisconsin State Tax Parameters</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parameter</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>2023 Value</td>
<td>2023 Source</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>UNEMPC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount for calculation of unemployment compensation
subtraction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule SB Instructions, p. 2, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet,
Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>UNEMPC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>amount for calculation of unemployment compensation
subtraction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>18000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule SB Instructions, p. 2, Unemployment Compensation Worksheet,
Line 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>AGIEXCL</strong></td>
<td><strong>prior to tax year 2018 : maximum AGI to claim disability
income exclusion for single or head of household filers. Tax year 2018
and after : amount used to calculate the limitation on disability income
exclusion</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule 2440W, Line 5b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DISAGI1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI to claim disability income exclusion for single
or head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>20200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule SB Instructions, p. 9, Line 22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>DISAGI2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI to claim disability income exclusion for joint
filers (if both spouses are eligible)</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>25400.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule SB Instructions, p. 9, Line 22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WISDIS</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum disability income exclusion</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5200.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule SB Instructions, p. 9, Line 22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WIMAXPEN</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum retirement income subtraction for filers 65 years
and older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule SB Instructions, p. 7, Line 16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WIPENCT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI for the retirement income subtraction for single
or head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>15000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule SB Instructions, p. 7, Line 16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WIPENCT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum AGI for the retirement income subtraction for joint
filers </strong></td>
<td><em><strong>30000.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Schedule SB Instructions, p. 7, Line 16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXEMP1</strong></td>
<td><strong>personal exemption amount for each exemption</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>700.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 16, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>PEXEMP2</strong></td>
<td><strong>additional exemption amount for persons aged 65 and
older</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>250.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 16, Line 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>BASINC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income to claim full standard deduction for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>18399.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXINC1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income to claim any standard deduction for single
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>124733.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>BASSTD1</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum standard deduction for single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>12760.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CHGDED1</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage to calculate standard deduction reduction for
single filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.12</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>BASINC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income to claim full standard deduction for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>26549.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXINC2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income to claim any standard deduction for joint
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>145976.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>BASSTD2</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum standard deduction for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>23620.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CHGDED2</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage to calculate standard deduction reduction for
joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.19778</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>BASINC4</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income to claim full standard deduction for head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>18399.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXINC4</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income to claim any standard deduction for head of
household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>124733.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>BASSTD4</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum standard deduction for head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16480.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>CHGDED4</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage to calculate standard deduction reduction for
head of household filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.22515</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>SWITCH4</strong></td>
<td><strong>income amount for head of household filers to switch to
single filer reduction rate</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>53778.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1ES Instructions, Standard Deduction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>RATCRED</strong></td>
<td><strong>rate for the itemized deduction credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>5.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1, Schedule 1, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MCCUT</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum income for the married couple credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>16000.0</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 1, Schedule 2, Line 6</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MCCRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>rate for the married couple credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>3.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>Form 1, Schedule 2, Line 7</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>MAXMCC</strong></td>
<td><strong>maximum married couple credit amount</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>480.0</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1, Schedule 2, Line 8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRAT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit claimable
as a state earned income tax credit for filers with one qualifying
child</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>4.0e-2</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 28, Line 29</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRAT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit claimable
as a state earned income tax credit for filers with two qualifying
children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.11</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 28, Line 29</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>EICRAT3</strong></td>
<td><strong>percentage of the federal earned income tax credit claimable
as a state earned income tax credit for filers with three or more
qualifying children</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.34</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1 Instructions, p. 28, Line 29</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WSCUT1</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for single and head of household
filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 13810 27630 304170 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>WI Tax Rates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WSCUT2</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax brackets for joint filers</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0 18420 36840 405550 10000000</strong></em></td>
<td>WI Tax Rates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>WSTRAT</strong></td>
<td><strong>income tax rates</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.0 0.035 0.044 0.053 0.0765</strong></em></td>
<td>WI Tax Rates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>WICCCPCT</td>
<td><strong>percent of federal child and dependent care credit claimable
as a state child and dependent care credit</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>0.5</strong></em></td>
<td>Form 1, Line 14</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="sheet-51">Source</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th>Return to Table of Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Source of Tax Updates</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Note: Links to source of tax forms and instructions may change
frequently. Links are active as of February 2024.</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>State</td>
<td>Tax Forms to Download</td>
<td>Source</td>
<td>Notes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Federal</td>
<td><strong>Form 1040 Form 1040 Instructions Form 1040 Schedule 1 Form
1040 Schedule 2 Form 1040 Schedule 3 Form 1040 Schedule 8812 Form 1040
Schedule 8812 Instructions Form 1040 Schedule A Form 1040 Schedule R
Form 1040 Schedule R Instructions Form 1040 Schedule SE Form 2441 Form
6251 Form 6251 Instructions Form 8995</strong></td>
<td>https://www.irs.gov/forms-instructions</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Alabama</td>
<td><strong>Form 40 Form 40 Booklet Schedule ABCD Tax Rates in Alabama
FAQ</strong></td>
<td>https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/forms/?jsf=jet-data-table:form-table&amp;_s=form%2040</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Alaska</td>
<td><em><strong>N/A</strong></em></td>
<td>http://www.tax.alaska.gov/programs/programs/index.aspx?10001</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arizona</td>
<td><strong>Form 140 Booklet Form 140 Schedule A Form 140 Schedule A
Instructions Form 321 Form 321 Instructions Tax Conformity
FAQ</strong></td>
<td>https://azdor.gov/forms/individual
https://azdor.gov/about/legal-research/conformity-irc
https://azdor.gov/forms/individual-income-tax-highlights</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arkansas</td>
<td><strong>Form AR3 Form AR1000F Form AR1000F Instructions Form AR2441
Form AR4684 Indexed tax brackets</strong></td>
<td>https://www.dfa.arkansas.gov/income-tax/individual-income-tax/forms/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>California</td>
<td><strong>Form 540 Form 540 Instructions Form 540 Booklet Form 3506
Form 3506 Instructions Form 3514 Form 3514 Instructions Schedule CA
Schedule CA Instructions Schedule P Schedule P Instructions Form 1040
Instructions (federal) Federal EITC parameters from the Tax Policy
Center</strong></td>
<td>https://www.ftb.ca.gov/ </td>
<td><strong>Must request instructions forms through email</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Colorado</td>
<td><strong>Form 104 Form 104 Booklet Form 104AD Form 104AMT Form DR0347
Form 104CR Form 104CN Form 104TN </strong></td>
<td>https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/tax/individual-income-forms</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Connecticut</td>
<td><strong>CT-1040 CT-1040 Booklet</strong></td>
<td>https://portal.ct.gov/DRS/DRS-Forms/Current-Year-Forms/Individual-Income-Tax-Forms</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Delaware</td>
<td><strong>Individual Income Tax Booklet</strong></td>
<td>https://revenue.delaware.gov/forms/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DC</td>
<td><strong>Form D-40 Booklet Form D-2440</strong></td>
<td>http://otr.cfo.dc.gov/node/424492</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Florida</td>
<td><em><strong>N/A</strong></em></td>
<td>http://floridarevenue.com/dor/eservices/filepay.html</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Georgia</td>
<td><strong>Form 500 IT-511 Booklet</strong></td>
<td>https://dor.georgia.gov/taxes/all-tax-forms</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hawaii</td>
<td><strong>Form N11 Form N11 Instructions Schedule X Form N-311 Form CR
Instructions</strong></td>
<td>http://tax.hawaii.gov/forms/a1_b1_1income/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Idaho</td>
<td><strong>Form 39R Form 40 Form 40, 43, 39R, 39NR, and 44 Instructions
Individual income tax rate schedule</strong></td>
<td>https://tax.idaho.gov/m-formpub.cfm
https://tax.idaho.gov/i-1110.cfm#sub9
https://tax.idaho.gov/taxes/income-tax/individual-income/forms/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Illinois</td>
<td><strong>Form IL-1040 Form IL-1040 Instructions Schedule ICR Schedule
ICR Instructions Schedule IL-EIC Schedule IL-EIC
Instructions</strong></td>
<td>https://www2.illinois.gov/rev/forms/incometax/Pages/currentyear/individual.aspx</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Indiana</td>
<td><strong>Form IT-40 Form IT-40 Booklet Form IT-2440 Schedule
CT-40</strong></td>
<td>http://www.in.gov/dor/3489.htm</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Iowa</td>
<td><strong>Form IA 1040 Form IA 1040 Expanded Instructions Form IA 2440
Form IA 104 Schedule A Tax rates</strong></td>
<td>https://tax.iowa.gov/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kansas</td>
<td><strong>Form K-40 Form K-40 Instructions Schedule S</strong></td>
<td>http://www.ksrevenue.org/forms-perstax.html</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td><strong>Form 740 Form 740 Instructions Form Schedule P Form Schedule
ITC</strong></td>
<td>http://revenue.ky.gov/Individual/Individual-Income-Tax/Pages/default.aspx</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Louisiana</td>
<td><strong>Form IT-540 Form IT-540 Instructions Form IT-540 Tax Table
Individual income tax rates</strong></td>
<td>https://revenue.louisiana.gov/Forms/ForIndividuals</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maine</td>
<td><strong>Form 1040ME Form 1040ME Instructions Form 1040ME Schedule A
Form 1040ME Schedule PTFC Form 1040ME Schedule 1A Form 1040ME Schedule
1S Form 1040ME Schedule 2 Earned Income Tax Credit Worksheet Tax rate
schedule</strong></td>
<td>http://www.state.me.us/revenue/incomeestate/1040/1040.html</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Maryland</td>
<td><strong>Maryland Resident Instruction Booklet Form 502 Form
502CR</strong></td>
<td>http://taxes.marylandtaxes.com/Individual_Taxes/General_Information/Individual_Tax_Forms_and_Instructions/Income_Tax_Forms/
</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Massachusetts</td>
<td><strong>Form 1 Form 1 Instructions</strong></td>
<td>http://www.mass.gov/dor/individuals/
http://www.mass.gov/dor/forms/personal-income/ </td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Michigan</td>
<td><strong>Form MI-1040 Form MI-1040 Instructions Schedule 1
Instructions</strong></td>
<td>https://www.michigan.gov/taxes/0,4676,7-238-44143---,00.html</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minnesota</td>
<td><strong>Schedule M1 Schedule M1 Instructions Schedule M1CD Schedule
M1DQC Schedule M1M Schedule M1MA Schedule M1R Schedule M1SA Schedule
M1CWFC</strong></td>
<td>http://www.revenue.state.mn.us/Pages/default.aspx</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Mississippi</td>
<td><strong>Form 80-105 Form 80-108 Income Tax Instruction Booklet (Form
10-100)</strong></td>
<td>http://www.dor.ms.gov/Pages/default.aspx</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Missouri</td>
<td><strong>Income Tax Reference Guide Form MO-1040 Form MO-1040
Instructions Tax chart</strong></td>
<td>http://dor.mo.gov/personal/individual/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Montana</td>
<td><strong>Income tax rates Form 2 Form 2 Booklet Form
2441-M</strong></td>
<td>http://revenue.mt.gov/home/forms</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nebraska</td>
<td><strong>Individual Income Tax Booklet Tax Calculation Schedule Form
2441N</strong></td>
<td>https://revenue.nebraska.gov/about/forms/individual-income-tax-forms</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nevada</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>https://tax.nv.gov/FAQs/Information_About_Nevadas_Taxes_and_The_Department/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>New Hampshire</td>
<td><strong>Form DP-10 Form DP-10 Instructions</strong></td>
<td>http://www.revenue.nh.gov/forms/interest-dividends.htm</td>
<td>Current year forms available online. Past years must be requested
via email.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>New Jersey</td>
<td><strong>Form NJ-1040 Form NJ-1040 Instructions</strong></td>
<td>http://www.state.nj.us/treasury/taxation/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>New Mexico</td>
<td><strong>Form PIT-1 Form PIT-1 Instructions Form PIT-ADJ Form PIT-ADJ
Instructions Form PIT-RC Form PIT-RC Instructions</strong></td>
<td>http://tax.newmexico.gov/Individuals/personal-income-tax-forms.aspx</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>New York</td>
<td><strong>Form IT-196 Form IT-196 Instructions Form IT-201 Form IT-201
Instructions Form IT-213 Form IT-213 Instructions Form IT-215 Form
IT-215 Instructions Form IT-216 Form IT-216 Instructions Form IT-221
Form IT-221 Instructions</strong></td>
<td>https://www.tax.ny.gov/forms/income_cur_forms.htm</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>North Carolina</td>
<td><strong>Form D-400 Form D-400 Instructions Form D-400 Schedule S
Form D-400TC Tax Law Changes</strong></td>
<td>https://www.ncdor.gov/taxes-forms/individual-income-tax-forms-instructions</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>North Dakota</td>
<td><strong>Form ND-1 Form ND-1 Booklet</strong></td>
<td>https://www.tax.nd.gov/forms</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ohio</td>
<td><strong>Form IT 1040 Form IT 1040 Booklet Form IT Schedule of
Credits Form IT BUS</strong></td>
<td>http://www.tax.ohio.gov/Individual.aspx</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Oklahoma</td>
<td><strong>Form 511 Packet Oklahoma Tax Rates</strong></td>
<td>https://www.ok.gov/tax/Forms_&amp;_Publications/Forms/Income/
https://oklahoma.gov/tax/individuals/pay-taxes.html#RATES</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Oregon</td>
<td><strong>Form 40 Form 40 Instructions Publication OR-17 Schedule OR-A
Schedule OR-ASC Schedule OR-WFHDC Schedule OR-WFHDC
Instructions</strong></td>
<td>http://www.oregon.gov/DOR/programs/individuals/Pages/default.aspx</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pennsylvania</td>
<td><strong>Form PA-40 Form PA-40IN Form PA-40SP</strong></td>
<td>http://www.revenue.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Rhode Island</td>
<td><strong>Form 1040 Form 1040 Resident Instructions Schedule M Social
Security Worksheet Standard Deduction Worksheet</strong></td>
<td>http://www.tax.ri.gov/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>South Carolina</td>
<td><strong>Form SC1040 Form SC1040 Instructions SC Individual Income
Tax Packet Form SC4972</strong></td>
<td>https://dor.sc.gov/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>South Dakota</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>http://dor.sd.gov/Taxes/Business_Taxes/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tennessee</td>
<td><strong>Individual Income Tax Return</strong></td>
<td>http://www.tn.gov/revenue/section/tax-resources</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Texas</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>https://comptroller.texas.gov/taxes/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Utah</td>
<td><strong>Form TC-40 Form TC-40 Instructions</strong></td>
<td>http://tax.utah.gov/forms-pubs/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vermont</td>
<td><strong>Form IN-111 Form IN-111 Instructions Schedule IN-112
Schedule IN-112 Instructions Schedule IN-119 Schedule IN-119
Instructions Schedule IN-153 Schedule IN-153 Instructions</strong></td>
<td>http://tax.vermont.gov/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td><strong>Form 760 Form 760 Instructions Schedule A Schedule
ADJ</strong></td>
<td>https://www.tax.virginia.gov/forms</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Washington</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>https://dor.wa.gov/find-taxes-rates/income-tax</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>West Virginia</td>
<td><strong>Form IT-140 Form IT-140 Booklet</strong></td>
<td>http://tax.wv.gov/Individuals/Pages/Individuals.aspx</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Wisconsin</td>
<td><strong>Form 1 Form 1 Instructions Form 1-ES Instructions Schedule
2440W Schedule AD Instructions Schedule SB Instructions</strong></td>
<td>https://www.revenue.wi.gov/Pages/HTML/formpub.aspx</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Wyoming</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>http://revenue.wyo.gov/</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body></html>
Bounded XLSX OpenXML package reader maps workbook sheets, shared strings, direct font bold/italic style indexes, dense sheet grids, first-row table headers, numeric cells, empty cells, and trailing empty-row trimming into the shared AST with pinned upstream xlsx-reader/basic fixture parity.

xml

2 samples

Generic XML document

461 bytes | Inline XML document read through the generic XML path.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0">
  <info><title>DocBook article sample</title></info>
  <section>
    <title>Migration notes</title>
    <para>DocBook content often appears in technical publishing pipelines.</para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem><para>Section titles</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>Lists and paragraphs</para></listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
  </section>
</article>

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>DocBook article sample</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Migration notes</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>DocBook content often appears in technical publishing pipelines.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:list -->
<ul><li>Section titles</li><li>Lists and paragraphs</li></ul>
<!-- /wp:list -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>DocBook article sample</h1>
<h1>Migration notes</h1>
<p>DocBook content often appears in technical publishing pipelines.</p>
<ul>
<li>Section titles</li>
<li>Lists and paragraphs</li>
</ul></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Invalid XML:
unexpected element "article" in blocks context
Invalid XML:
unexpected element "article" in blocks context
External referenceok
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>libxml2/libxslt generic XML source reference</title>
</head>
<body><main class="xml-source-reference">
  <h1>DocBook article sample</h1>
  
    <h1>Migration notes</h1>
    <p>DocBook content often appears in technical publishing pipelines.</p>
    <ul>
<li><p>Section titles</p></li>
<li><p>Lists and paragraphs</p></li>
</ul>
  
</main></body>
</html>
Bounded XML-family reader safely parses XML, records namespace/root provenance, and maps title/paragraph/list/link/table structures into the shared AST. Full Pandoc XML reader parity remains open.

Generic XML outline

193 bytes | Inline generic XML document.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<document><title>Generic XML outline</title><section><heading>Inventory</heading><p>Plain XML read through the generic XML path.</p></section></document>

Download original file

Converted representations
WP blocksok
<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Generic XML outline</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:heading {"level":1} -->
<h1>Inventory</h1>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph -->
<p>Plain XML read through the generic XML path.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->
PHP HTMLok
<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>PHP Pandoc HTML output</title><style>html{line-height:1.5;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:18px;color:#1f2933;background:#fdfdfd;}body{margin:0 auto;max-width:46em;padding:2.5em 1.25em;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin:1.4em 0 .45em;}h1{font-size:2em;}h2{font-size:1.55em;}h3{font-size:1.25em;}p{margin:1em 0;}a{color:#1f6feb;}img,svg,video{max-width:100%;height:auto;}pre,code,kbd,samp{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:.9em;}code{background:#eef1f5;padding:.1em .25em;border-radius:3px;}pre{overflow:auto;background:#f6f8fa;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:1em;}pre code{background:transparent;padding:0;}blockquote{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1em;border-left:4px solid #d8dde3;color:#4b5563;}table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25em 0;width:100%;font-size:.92em;}th,td{border:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:.35em .55em;vertical-align:top;}th{background:#f6f8fa;}math{font-family:math,serif;}math[display="block"]{display:block;margin:1em 0;overflow-x:auto;}</style></head><body><h1>Generic XML outline</h1>
<h1>Inventory</h1>
<p>Plain XML read through the generic XML path.</p></body></html>
Haskell HTMLfailed
Invalid XML:
unexpected element "document" in blocks context
Invalid XML:
unexpected element "document" in blocks context
External referenceok
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>libxml2/libxslt generic XML source reference</title>
</head>
<body><main class="xml-source-reference"><h1>Generic XML outline</h1>
<h1>Inventory</h1>
<p>Plain XML read through the generic XML path.</p></main></body>
</html>
Bounded XML-family reader safely parses XML, records namespace/root provenance, and maps title/paragraph/list/link/table structures into the shared AST. Full Pandoc XML reader parity remains open.